Silvio Enea

; Piccolomini

Silvius Aeneas

Piccolomini

Francesco Sforza

Michael V Cotta-Schönberg

Sylvius Aeneas

Silvius Aeneas

Michael Von Cotta-Schönberg

Foreword

In 2007, I undertook a project of publishing the Latin texts with English translations of the orations of Pope Pius II. Altogether 801 orations (including papal responses to ambassadorial addresses) are extant today, though more may still be held, unrecognized, in libraries and archives.

At a later stage the project was expanded to include ambassadors' orations to the pope, of which about 40 are presently known.

I do not, actually, plan to publish further versions of the present volume, but I do reserve the option in case I -during my future studies -come across other manuscripts containing interesting versions of the oration or if important new research data on the subject matter are published, making it appropriate to modify or expand the present text.

I shall much appreciate to be notified by readers who discover errors and problems in the text and translation or unrecognized quotations. The fall of Constantinople, capital of the Byzantine Empire, to the Ottoman Turks in May 1453 created widespread and justified fear in Europe. It might reasonably be assumed that the young Turkish sultan, Mehmed II, would pursue his war of expansion and move further into European territories. The two international institutions of Europe, the Holy Roman Empire and the papacy, were compelled to react, although both incumbents, Emperor Friedrich III and Pope Nicolaus V, were peaceful men, averse to risk taking. After some procrastination, the emperor convened a conference of the European rulers and German princes in the city of Regensburg in May 1454. The driving force at this meeting was his counsellor and senior diplomat, Enea Silvio Piccolomini, Bishop of Siena. Piccolomini gave both the opening speech, the "Quamvis omnibus" [21] and the closing speech, the "Tua verba" at the diet.

July 2019 MCS

The participants in the diet accepted the proposals of the imperial ambassadors for a German crusade to be made against the Turks, but its practical organization was left to a later diet.

According to Piccolomini himself, the diet did generate some enthusiasm among the Germans for the crusade venture, soon to disappear, however.

Themes

The theme of the closing was simply and naturalIy one of thanks to the major participant princes present or represented at the diet, Margrave Albrecht Achilles of Brandenburg, the Duke of Burgundy, the King of Poland, the papal legate, and the Duke of Savoy.

Date, place, audience, and format

The date of the delivery was 21 May 1454.

The venue the town hall in Regensburg, used for the diet.

The audience consisted of the participants in the conference of European and German princes, summoned by the emperor to deliberate on a European military response to the Turkish conquest of Constantinople and the destruction of the Byzantine Empire.

The format was a diplomatic and political oration held on behalf of the emperor.

Text

The oration is included in Piccolomini's ambassadorial report to the emperor on the proceedings of the diet, the Historia de dieta Ratisponensi. It does not appear to have been transmitted individually, and is presently only known to be extant in the manuscripts containing the Historia.

Though Piccolomini himself says, in the Historia, that the oration was improvised ("ex tempore"), he had probably foreseen that he would be the one to deliver the closing oration at the diet and had prepared himself accordingly. The final text, as part of the Historia, was undoubtedly reworked for inclusion into the Historia, but probably only in style, putting on the final touches, and not in substance as it only contained formal thanks.

Manuscripts

The Historia is extant in a number of manuscripts in European libraries.

Editions

As part of the report, the oration has been edited, among others by:

Present edition

For principles of edition (incl. orthography) and translation, see Collected Orations of Pope Pius II, vol. 1, ch. 9-10.

The text is taken from Wolkan's edition.

The pagination is from Wolkan's edition.

Sources

Only two direct or indirect quotations have been identified in this oration, both from classical sources, one from Cicero (Pro Marcello) and one from Virgil (Aeneid).

Bibliography

Piccolomini, Enea Silvio: Epistolae:

• Der Briefwechsel des Eneas Silvius Piccolomini. Hrsg. Rudolf Wolkan. 3 vols. Wien, 1909-1918 Pius II: Orationes. [1436-1464] • Pius II: Orationes politicae et ecclesiasticae. Ed. Giovanni Domenico Mansi. 3 vols. Lucca: Benedini, 1755-1759

• Collected Orations of Pope Pius II. Edited and translated by Michael von Cotta-Schönberg. 12 vols. 2019-2020

{560} … legati Cesaris in penitiori cubiculo se retrahentes, episcopo Senensi committunt, nonnulla ex tempore, quasi pro fine concilii dicat Philippumque ducem commendet. quibus in contionem reversis, idem episcopus in hunc modum profatus est:

[1] Tua verba, marchio illustris, que unus pro omnibus fecisti, non sine voluptate accepimus, quando ex his cognoscimus imperatorie serenitatis propositum de tuenda Christianitate gratum atque acceptum esse. que veluti consulendo dixisti, referemus immutilata cesareo culmini. nec dubium nos habet, quin futuro in consilio caesar assit, facultas ei modo fuerit veniendi; nam hoc est, quod sibi pre ceteris rebus cordi est. vos modo operam date, ne quid impedimenti tantis rebus injiciatur.

[2] te autem Philippe, dux inclite ac magnanime, et ut te nomine tuo compellem, nostri gloria seculi, qui longo itinere non sine gravi sumtu ac labore, dimisso in discrimine regno tuo, jussioni cesaris paruisti, ad consulendum ecclesie catholice huc profectus, teque liberaliter et supra modum obtulisti magnifice, quibus commendemus verbis non satis in promtu est. licebit tamen pre gaudio exclamando dicere: o cor tuum, nobilissimo sanguine tuo nobilius! o principem laudibus immortalibus efferendum! o Christiane gentis unicum jubar lucemque mirificam! o patris optimi meliorem prolem! quibus te nunc preconiis efferemus? nunquam ita magnifice quicquam de te dixerimus, id virtus quin superet {561} tua. tu profecto ita te hodie gessisti, ut inprimis celesti regi, deinde terreno imperatori, postremo omnibus Christianis de te ipso copiose abundeque satisfeceris. possumque ego de te illud proferre, quod in Julium Cesarem promit Cicero: nulla enim unquam etas de tuis laudibus conticescet. [cont.]

[2 cont.] implesti hodie cunctorum, qui adsunt, desiderium mentesque omnium erexisti spemque nobis ingentem prebuisti rerum optime gerendarum, quando te maximum inter principes nostri orbis jam natu grandiorem belli labores sponte suscepturum pro nostra religione videmus. nam quid alii faciant, quando te talem tantumque ducem lorica indutum aspexerint et fulgentibus armis? Conduplicasti hodie, quod volebamus; nanque cum satis esse diceremus te belli participem obtinere, ductorem excitatoremque reliquorum te comperimus. ingens est hec tua laus, eternum hoc tibi decus comparasti, qui cum esses ultimus inter Christianos, cui Turchorum gladius extimescendus existat, primus tamen omnium prodis contra Turchos arma suscepturus. Et quis erit, obsecro, adeo irreligiosus Christianus, adeo iners, adeo communis boni negligens, qui tuo exemplo non moveatur? nos quidem tua promissa tuaque facta divo cesari exponemus, quem tanto magis gavisurum certissimi sumus, quanto promissiones tue et acta tua, quasque de te spes habuimus, exsuperare videmus. nunc virgilianum illud in te dicere possumus:

in freta dum fluvii current, dum montibus umbre lustrabunt, convexa polus dum sidera pascet, semper honos nomenque tum laudesque manebunt.

[2 cont.] Today, you have fulfilled the wish of all who are present, you have encouraged all, and you have given them great hopes for the coming venture, since we see that you, the greatest among the princes of this world freely undertake the hardships of war for our religion, even if you are now of advanced age. 12 What, indeed, will others do when they see a great duke like you, coated in mail and with shining arms. Today you have fulfilled our expectations twofold, for when we said that it was enough if you just took part in the war, we have heard that you will even lead and arouse others too. Immense will be your praise, and eternal will be the glory you acquire for yourself, since you who are the last of the Christians who must fear the sword of the Turks is the first of all to take up arms against the Turk. And what Christian -I ask -will be so impious, so sluggish, so indifferent to the common good, that he will not be moved by your example. We shall certainly relate your promises and deeds to the Holy Emperor: we are sure that he will be overjoyed at how greatly we see them surpass the expectations we had of you. Now we can apply those words of Virgil 13 to you:

While rivers run to ocean, while on the mountains shadows move over slopes, while heaven feeds the stars, ever shall your honour, your name, and your praises abide. 14 [3] ad te nunc venio, magne parens ecclesiae Papiensis, quem prima sedes huc legatum misit. gratissima fuit tua presentia in hoc loco, ad res bene gerendas eloquentia ac prudentia tua singularis adjumento non parvo fuit. agimus ingentes gratias domino apostolico, qui te direxit, teque magnopere commendamus, qui nulla in re defuisti. que hic gesta sunt, tuum erit apostolice pietati referre atque hortari, ut que suo incumbunt officio expleat, in altero concilio legatum habeat. opus hoc sanctissimum, quod fruenti animo inchoavit, ferventiori studio prosequatur. hac inclita natio Germanica, que ceteris in rebus apostolico culmini devotissima est, in hoc certe negotio fidei sue sanctitati obsequentissimam se prebebit.

[4] tu quoque, Casimiri serenissimi regis Polonie ac magni Lituanie ducis orator, regem tuum super {562} his, que gesta hic sunt et que gerenda superant, certiorem efficies, cujus mentem ad commune bonum paratam libenter audivimus ejusque propositum cesaree sublimitati non sine debita commendatione referemus. prestet autem ipse facto, quod verbo promittit; assurgat totis viribus, quando sua potissimum interest, dum Turchi bello premuntur; in Grecia prelium cum Tartaris, in Muldavia sive in Valachia miscere, ne alteri alteris auxilio esse possint. sic enim disjuncte due validissime gentes facilius opprimentur. deserat rex tuus Prutenicum bellum, quod Christianis noxium est, atque ad infideles arma sua convertat, unde possit et laudem mereri et fructum capere.

[5] similiter et vos, clarissimi ac potentis Sabaudie ducis oratores, domum redeuntes, que vidistis et audivistis domino vestro nota efficietis curabitisque, ut ad futurum concilium legatos de sua mente instructos mittat, ut qui nunc dicti cesaris parens fuit, tum quoque fidelem principem et imperatori obsequentem se exhibeat.

[6] idem vos ceteri, qui adestis, sive principum sive civitatum vices agentes, erga eos, qui vos miserunt, efficietis, ut quod bene ceptum est opus, ad honorem divini nominis salutemque Christiani populi et hujus inclite nationis decus atque imperii sacri gloriam optime consummari possit.

[3] And now I come to you, great father of the Church of Pavia, 15 whom the First See 16 has sent here as legate. Your presence has been a great boon, and your oustanding eloquence and wisdom has been of great help to the good conduct of the whole matter. We give immense thanks to His Apostolic Lordship, 17 who sent you and we praise you highly for not failing in any way whatsoever.

It will be your charge to relate to His Apostolic Piety what has been achieved here, to exhort him to fulfill the task laid on him, 18 and to send a legate to the next diet. May he pursue with even greater energy the holy undertaking which he began with such enthusiasm. This illustrious German nation, in all other matters so devoted to His Apostolic Highness, will certainly prove completely obedient to His Holiness in this matter of the Faith.

[4] And you, ambassador of Casimir, Most Serene King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, 19 you will inform your king about what has been done here and what remains to do. We have heard with pleasure that his mind is focused on the common good, and we shall relate his position to His Imperial Highness with due commendation. May he himself now translate his words into actions.

May he mobilize all his forces since it is in his own great interest that the Turks be opposed militarily, and that there be war with the Tartars both in Greece, in Moldavia, and in Wallachia, so that they cannot come to help each other. If they are attacked separately, these two strong peoples 20 will be subdued more easily. Let your king abandon the war in Prussia 21 which is harmful to the Christians, and turn his arms against the infidels. Thus he may acquire both glory and benefit.

[5] Similarly you, ambassadors of the noble and mighty Duke of Savoy, 22 should return home and inform your lord about what you have seen and heard, and obtain that he sends legates informed about his intentions to the next diet, so that he who is the cousin 23 of the said emperor, will also show himself to be a loyal prince, obedient to the emperor.

[6] And the same should all the rest of you who are here as representatives of your princes or cities do towards those who sent you, so that this venture which has begun so admirably will be accomplished well, to the honour of the divine name, to the salvation of Christian people, to the honour of this illustrious nation, and to the glory of the Holy Empire.

(Collected Orations of Pope Pius II; 79)

I. INTRODUCTION 1. Context

When in October 1458 Pius II summoned the European powers to a congress on the projected crusade against the Turks, the big question was if enough of them would send representatives to the congress to make it an effective and even legitimate international forum of decision. At the formal opening of the congress on 1 June 1459, so few envoys from the powers had turned up that the pope had to postpone the work of the congress and wait for more embassies to arrive. Over the summer, a number of them actually turned up or letters were received confirming their later arrival. So, in preparation of the effective opening of the congres the pope held a meeting in the beginning of September 1459 where he presented a status of the actual and promised representation of the powers at the congress (the oration "Mirabitur fortassis").

Though promised, the very important embassies from the emperor and the French king were still absent and only arrived towards the close of the congress. The embassies from England and Scotland never turned up.

But when the very important Duke Francesco Sforza arrived in Mantua some days later, followed by the Venetian ambassadors, the pope initiated the work of the congress with the grand oration "Cum bellum hodie".

Themes

The oration gives a systematic, geographically structured survey of the actual or promised representation of the European powers at the Congress of Mantua.

It is worth noting the pope's conception of the political structure of Christian Europe, containing the following areas ("nations"):

• Spain, consisting of the kingdoms of Castile, Portugal, and Aragon.

• Gaul, consisting of the Kingdom of France and the duchies of Burgundy, Bretagne, and Savoy.

• Germany, consisting of the Holy Roman Empire, with its many duchies and ecclesiastical and secular princedoms.

Outside the Holy Roman Empire, the four kingdoms of Denmark, Bohemia, Poland, and Hungary. Pius did not mention Norway and Sweden, though he was perfectly aware of their status as kingdoms, probably because the King of Denmark was also King of Norway and that time also King of Sweden. Similarly he had not mentioned the various Mediterranean kingdoms like Mallorca that were under the crown of Aragon. It is noteworthy that Pius lists the kings of Denmark, Bohemia and Poland after the German emperor but before the German princes, thus possibly indicating that he considers these kingdoms to somehow belong to the German sphere.

• Brittania, containing the two kingdoms of England and Scotland. Ireland was not mentioned.

• Italy, comprising firstly the Papal States, and secondly the Kingdom of Naples. Here the text unfortunately breaks off, but it would be interesting to know how the pope conceived of the status of the various states in Central and Northern Italy.

Date, place, audience, and format

The oration was delivered before the arrival of the Duke of Milan on 17 September, and during the Duke of Cleve's stay in Mantua, since it is known that the duke arrived on 13 August, 24 25 was present at the meeting where the oration was delivered 26 , and that he left some days before the arrival of the Duke of Milan on 17 September. 27 In the oration Pius also mentioned the quite recent ("nuperrime") death of the Sienese ambassador, Giovanni Mignanelli, which occurred on 20 August, so the oration must have been held after that date.

A date in September, close to the initial session on 26 September appears more likely than a date in August.

The audience generally consisted of the participants in the congress who were present in Mantua at the time.

The venue was probably the cathedral of Mantua where the sessions of the congress were held. 24 Märtl, p. 344 25 CO,III,10,7;11,1 (Meserve,II,p. 41): The Duke of Clèves was received with the greatest respect … The next day Pius presided over a public consistory at which the bishop of Arras delivered an oration (the "Antea maxime pontifex") 26 Sect. 5: Before our eyes we see his noble nephew, Duke Jean of Cleve 27 CO, III, 14, 5 (Meserve, II, p. 63): Clèves was slightly ill when he left … A few days later Francesco Sforza, duke of Milan, … arrived at the congress. See also oration "Grave illis" (1459)

Text 28

So far, the text of the oration -unfortunately missing the end -has only been identified in a single manuscript:

• Roma / Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana Ottobon. lat. 1170, ff. 319v-323v (H)

It has not been published previously.

The text is incomplete, lacking the last section on the Italian powers, following the passages on the Papal States and the Kingdom of Naples.

It probably derives from from the papal protonotary Gaspare da Volterra, who according to letters reproduced in the manuscript 29 directly before the text of the oration had been charged by the pope with producing the notarial account of the congress and its decisions. This may also have been the case with the oration "Grave illis" [80] (1459) which, too, is known only from this manuscript. A notarial origin appears to be supported by the form of the introduction to the oration: Among the [ambassadorial] mandates, also the imperial mandate and afterwards the Sienese mandate were read to the assembly in the absence of any ambassadors. 30 Therefore, Our Most Holy Lord decided to set forth the reasons for their absence to the assembly and to explain his good hopes for the coming proceedings, speaking nearly as follows (Verba igitur ferme in hunc modum fecit).

Present edition

For principles of edition (incl. orthography) and translation, see Collected Orations of Pope Pius II, vol. 1, ch. 9-10.

The text is based on the BAV manuscript.

The pagination is from the BAV manuscript. 28 For the textual transmission of Pius II's, see Collected Orations of Pope Pius II, vol. 1, ch. 5 29 ff. 316r-318v 30 From the emperor and from Siena

II. TEXT AND TRANSLATION

Beatissimus dominus noster, quoniam inter mandata in medium allatum fuit imperiale mandatum ac postea mandatum Senensium sine aliquorum oratorum praesentia, causas eorum absentiae praesenti contioni aperiendas esse duxit, simulque futurarum rerum spem bonam auditoribus perhibendam esse existimavit. Verba igitur ferme in hunc modum fecit:

[1] {319v} Venerabiles fratres ac dilecti filii, mirabitur fortassis vestrum aliquis, quod cum in praesentiarum sit cognominatum mandatum carissimi in Christo filii nostri Friderici tertii, Romanorum imperatoris semper Augusti, hoc tamen in loco ejus orator adsit nemo, cujus rei causam vobis aperiendam duximus, ne hujuismodi absentiam minus recte -quod absitinterpretemini, simulque ut quod de rebus futuris nobis sperandum videatur accipiatis.

[2] {320r} Est enim Romanorum imperator Fridericus ad rem Christianam tutandam promptissimus, et jampridem, dum Senis ageremus -ut toti huic contioni notissima res est -suos ad nos oratores cum plenissimo mandato misit, quod ipsi modo cognominari audistis. Ejus autem oratores, si recte meministis, fuere Buricardus Salzeburgensis praepositus ac Johannes Hinderbachus praepositus Tridentinus. Horum alterum nos nostra de causa ad Caesaream majestatem remisimus, alterum corporis morbus hinc Veronam secedere compulit, ubi nunc instaurandae valetudinis causa moratur.

[3] Sed desunt praeterea nobis oratores Senenses, et quoniam nos secundum carnem illius civitatis cives fuimus, non ab re erit, si ipsi aliquid pro illis respondeamus. Erat in curia nostra nomine illius civitatis orator vir praestans Johannes Mignanellus jureconsultus atque sacri apostolici consistorii disertissimus advocatus, quem nobis loquentem atque ampla promittentem suae patriae nomine audistis. Hic nuperrime gravi morbo {320v} correptus ab humanis excessit. Absentiae igitur utriusque legationis haec vobis sit excusatio.

Among the [ambassadorial] mandates, also the imperial mandate and afterwards the Sienese mandate were read to the assembly in the absence of any ambassadors. 31 Therefore, Our Most Holy Lord decided to explain the reasons for their absence to the assembly and to express his good hopes for the coming proceedings, speaking nearly as follows:

[1] Venerable brothers and beloved sons, maybe some of you wonder why the mandate of Our beloved son in Christ Friedrich III, Roman Emperor and always August, was mentioned now, though he has no ambassador present here. We have therefore decided to explain the reason to you so that you will not interpret the absence incorrectly -God forbid. 32 We shall also use the opportunity to inform you of what to expect.

[2] Roman Emperor Friedrich 33 is completely willing to protect the Christian cause, and while We were in Siena, he already -as this whole assembly knows -sent Us his plenipotentiary ambassadors, as you heard a a little while ago. As you may remember, his ambassadors were Brochardus, Dean of Salzburg, and Johann Hinderbach, 34 Dean of Trento. One of them We sent back to His Imperial Highness for a certain reason, 35 the other one was compelled by illness to withdraw to Verona where he is now recuperating.

[3] We are also without ambassadors from Siena. Since we are -after the flesh -a citizen of that city, it will be appropriate if We Ourselves say something on their behalf. We had at Our court an ambassador from that city, the distinguished Giovanni Mignanelli, 36 a jurist and most eloquent advocate of the Holy Apostolic Consistory, whom you yourselves have heard addressing Us and making large promises in the name of his country. Quite recently he fell ill and died. 37 This is the excuse for the absence of two the legations.

31 I.e. from the emperor and from Siena 32 "quod absit" Next to Castile is the Kingdom of Portugal, whose mighty king both can and will greatly contribute to the present venture. Its king 40 has already sent his ambassadors, excellent men, with ample powers -their mandate was named together with the others in the present [meeting]. But for a certain reason they did not wish to participate in today's meeting, and therefore they considerately asked Us to be excused.

Next comes the large and great Kingdom of Aragon. The king's 41 determination matches the kingdom's greatness, as the most generous written offer of his ambassadors abundantly attest.

[5] The Gauls are the neighbours of the Spaniards. Their nation is great and large and contains various princedoms. Foremost is Kingdom of the Franks. Their nobility is so great that those princes of the world who would be more noble, claim that descendance from the kings of the Franks. This kingdom is famous for its great and many deeds. And -to omit the many glorious deeds the French kings have performed in the whole world -we read in the history books that the Roman pontiffs never made an expedition against the infidels in which the French did no participate or were responsible for a large part of the venture. For this reason, they have merited the prerogative of honour that only the French kings are called Most Christian. This great kingdom is now ruled -by the grace of God -by Our dearly beloved son in Christ, the illustrious King Charles 42 who -following in the footsteps of his ancestors is preparing to send his ambassadors to this holy congress, as was made abundantly clear to us through the letter read a short while ago by his ambassador, Bishop Miles 43 of Chartres. [9] Nunc Rhenum trajiciat oratio ad Germanicam nationem, aliarum omnium maximam atque latissimam. In ea in primis est carissimus in Christo {322v} filius noster Fridericus, Romanorum imperator semper Augustus, qui propter saecularis dignitatis culmen et avitum dominium magnam auctoritatem atque potentiam habet et in re, de qua agitur, uti fidelem decet imperatorem, animum gerit, nulli alio principi inferiorem. Hujus legatos loco priorum, de quibus locuti fuimus, cum ampla potestate in brevi recipiemus secundum quod ex litteris imperialibus et litteris nostri oratoris apud ejus celsitudinem constituti jampridem certiores facti sumus.

[6] In Gaul there is also the princedom belonging to the mighty and bold Duke Philippe of Burgundy, 44 who can and will make a large contribution to the common cause. We could say much about his power, but this is not appropriate here today. His will in this matter is shown clearly by the distinguished legation sent to this See. Before our eyes we see his noble nephew, Duke Jean of Cleve, 45 and his colleagues, excellent men, who magnificently fulfill Our wishes.

[7] A similar position is taken by the duke of that part of the Brittania province which is situated on the continent 46 within the frontiers of Gaul. We are informed that this great duke 47 is also preparing to send his ambassadors to Us, and there is no doubt that he is ready to act as a Christian prince should.

[8] The Duchy of Savoy is not completely situated within the old boundaries of Gaul since Gaul is delimited by the Pyrenean Mountains, the Ocean, the Rhône and the Rhine. But in our own time, the common language and family ties that unite the dukes of this province with the royal House of France have caused it to be counted among the French powers. The noble, bold and mighty duke of this province 48 will very soon send his son Janus 49 with ample powers, as We have been informed by letter and as you have heard said by Our venerable brother, Bishop Giorgio 50 of Lausanne.

[9] Now Our oration will cross the Rhine and enter the German nation, the greatest and largest of all. In this the first [prince] is Our dearly beloved son in Christ, Friedrich, 51 Emperor of the Romans, always August, who because of the greatness of his secular dignity and his family's lordship has great authority and power. In the matter at hand, 52 his intentions are those of a Christian 53 emperor and he will do as much as any other prince. We have already been informed by letters from the emperor and from Our own envoy to His Highness 54 that We shall shortly receive his plenipotentiary legates, replacing those We spoke of earlier.

[10] Rex Dacus, Bohemus, Polonus decreverunt ipsi quoque quantum in sese est tantae gloriae, pro Christi nomine participes fore. Pollent hi tres reges maximis viribus et legationes sollemnes ad sacrum hunc conventum brevi destinandas parant, quod suis litteris nobis intimarunt. Et quantum ad regem Dacum attinet, nunc coram nobis venerabilis frater noster Paulus, episcopus Bergensis, ita ejus nomine confirmavit.

[11] Hoc praeterea institutum sacri imperii principes electores ceterique Germaniae maximi proceres tam ecclesiastici quam saeculares ardenter {323r} sequuntur. Omnes enim Christianum orbem pro suo captu tutari parati oratores suos vel jam miserunt vel mittent proculdubio.

[12] Videmus 55 hic ante nos positos inclyti regni Pannoniarum oratores non solum volentes cupientesque, sed pro sua et ceterorum salute supplicantes. Ipsi enim sunt, qui maxime Turca arma sentiunt, qui se et reliquos ab impiorum gladiis defendi rogant, qui incessanter a nobis ac vobis auxilium implorunt, quibus certe a nobis opitulandum est ob multas causas, tum vel maxime quantum ipsi pro nobis se murum constituunt, et fidei nostrae scutum ac propugnaculum existunt.

55 em.; videns H

[10] The illustrious 56 kings of Denmark, 57 Bohemia, 58 and Poland 59 have also decided to participate in this glorious undertaking, for the sake of Christ. These three mighty kings are preparing to send solemn legations to this holy congress in a short while, as they have informed Us by letters. As for the King of Denmark, this was also now confirmed before us and in his name by Our venerable brother, Bishop Paulus 60 of Bergen.

[11] The same course is followed enthusiastically by the prince electors of the Holy Empire and the other high nobles of Germany, both ecclesiastical and secular. All are ready to defend the Christian world with all the means at their disposal, and they have already sent or will undoubtedly send their ambassadors.

[12] Here before us we see the ambassadors of the illustrious King of Hungary, 61 62 not only willing and eager, but even begging for their own and others' safety. 63 They are the ones who most feel the arms of the Turks. They are asking for themselves and all others to be defended from the swords of the infidels, and they incessantly beg Us and you for help. For many reasons, they must certainly be helped by us, and mostly because they form a wall for us and are the shield and bulwark of our Faith.

[13] Est extra continentem posita in Oceano mari Septentrionem versus maxima insula Brittaniae, quam prae ejus magnitudine alterum terrarum orbem cosmographi vocant. [15] Obtinet post nos secundum locum Ferdinandus Siciliae rex, qui pro suarum fortunarum facultate nostris parere vult jussibus. Jamjam ad nostram praesentiam legatos duos misit insignes, Jacobum Beneventanum archiepiscopum et Franciscum Andriae ducem, quos ambos in praesentia cernitis.

[13] The great island of Brittania is situated outside the continent, in the Ocean to the North. Because of its great size the cosmographers 67 call it another world. Within the confines of this island there are two Christian kingdoms, one England and the other Scotland. Though they are situated far from the continent and seldom hear about the Turks, they as Christians -and very devoted Christians -intend to join up, with all their might, the other Christians in this holy venture. Therefore the ambassadors of each king, 68 distinguished men with full powers, are traveling speedily to this See, as We know from letters and messengers. We also have there, with the King of England, Our venerable brother Bishop Francesco of Terni, 69 who has informed Us by letter that a large legation from this king will come to Us, not composed of ordinary men, but distinguished by bishops, counts, knights and doctors, eminent men. We would not now be expecting them, but already rejoice in their arrival, if the many dangers on the roads had not made it necessary to first make [careful] preparations. I believe 70 that you all know how mighty the Britannic kings of these two peoples, We have spoken of, are in terms men, arms, and wealth, and therefore We have no more to say about them. The arrival of Duke Francesco Sforza at the Congress in Mantua on 17 September was very important, since it demonstrated the cordial relations between the duke and the pope to the world, and created a momentum making it possible for the pope to effectively begin the deliberations of the congress. The next day, the duke was received solemnly in a papal consistory where the famous humanist Francesco Filelfo 76 gave an oration of behalf of the duke -heavy (some would say tediously heavy) on history as was his style. Pius and Filelfo had an old acquaintance, probably begun when the young Piccolomini attended some lectures of Filelfo in Florence in the late 1420's.

In his Commentarii, the pope wrote about the event:

The next day the pope admitted Francesco to his presence at a public consistory. After kissing the pope's holy feet and personally delivering a short address, he was told to take his seat in the place reserved for the cardinal deacons. The duke then presented Francesco Filelfo, the distinguished satirist and poet, a man learned in Latin and Greek, to speak on his behalf. Filelfo began by praising both Francesco and the pope. He then spoke at length about the Turks -and at still greater length about the Greeks -stressing the necessity of a crusade, the duke's support for the venture, and the extent of the aid he was pledging to support the Christian cause.

When he had finished, the pope praised his speech in glowing terms and dubbed him "the Attic Muse". Then he turned to Francesco Sforza and told him he had lived up to his reputation and satisfied every expectation. He had followed in the footsteps of his illustrious father, who had exposed himself to great risks on behalf of the mother of the faithful, the Church of Rome. With these words the pope adjourned the meeting for the day to universal applause. 77 Though during the congress itself the duke appeared to actively support the pope's crusade, the future would show that he did not in reality want to engage himself in it, and he certainly did not want to become its leader or one of the leaders, as the pope desired. Of greater immediate importance would be the alliance with the pope, probably already forged in Mantua, 78 to keep the French from taking over the Southern Italian kingdom of Naples (Sicily). 79 As for the duke's orator, the pope might be forgiven for any unholy satisfaction he might have felt from being addressed, in majesty, by Filelfo, an arrogant, patronizing man who had formerly acted as his teacher, now humbly bowing before his throne. 80

Themes

The themes of the oration are the usual themes of the pope's reply to princes' orators:

• Compliments to the orator The nature and depth of Filelfo's and Piccolomini's relationship have been debated by scholars. Filelfo's own claim of Piccolomini having been his pupil for two years was repudiated by Piccolomini's cousin, Goro Lolli, and indeed it seems to be irreconcilable with the timetable of Piccolomini's studies and early life. But some connection there was, as testified by their correspondence in the 1430's

• Assurance of benevolence Interestingly, the recurrent theme of papal supremacy also in temporary matters was lacking. The pope might not have considered it political to ventilate it before one of the powerful secular lords in the Christian world.

Date, place, audience, and format

Pastor gives, with some hesitation, the date of the duke's arrival in Mantua as 17 September 1459, 81 and the pope himself states in the Commentarii that he was received the day afterwards (postera die), i.e. 18 September, in a public consistory where the orations were held. 82 This is also the date given in the 1515 edition of Francisco Filelfo's oration "Cum essem", held right before the pope's speech. However, the manuscript Ott. lat. 1170, which contains Filelfo's oration, gives the date 13. Kal. October, i.e. 19 September.

The place was the presumably the cathedral of Mantua where the sessions of the congress were held.

The audience consisted of the participants in the congress.

The format of the oration was a papal address to a prince from the throne.

Text 83

So far, the text of the oration has only been identified in a single manuscript:

• Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana / Ottobon. lat. 1170, ff. 313r-315r (H)

It has not been published previously.

The text is more succinct than the summary given by the pope in the Commentarii, see above.

Though contentwise the text is close to the pope's summary, some salient points in the summary are missing, like the duke having earlier fought against the Church. And finally the style of the oration is not quite Pius'. It may therefore be conjectured that the text is not Pius' own, but a version established on the basis of notes from the event taken by the papal protonotary Gaspare da Volterra, who according to letters reproduced in the manuscript84 directly after the text of the oration had been charged by the pope with producing the notarial account of the congress and its decisions. This may also fit the introductory notarial-style passage: Filelfus ubi finem fecit, sanctissimus dominus noster dictis hoc retulit responsum. The notary's text, however, may very well be the more faithful version of the pope's actual address, since addresses summarized or directly included in the Commentarii were often extensively revised and elaborated to fit the image of the pope himself and his interlocutor/s as well as the event which Pius wanted to leave for posterity.

Present edition

For principles of edition (incl. orthography) and translation, see Collected Orations of Pope Pius II, vol. 1, ch. 9-10.

The text is based on the BAV manuscript.

The pagination is from the BAV manuscript.

Sources

No direct or indirect quotations have been identified in this oration.

Bibliography

Pastor, Ludwig: When Filelfo finished, Our Most Holy Lord said this in reply:

[1] Usually, those who have heard a well-sounding cithara or a lyre afterwards find it unpleasant to listen to the raw and crude sound of flutes. In the same way, Francesco Filelfo, the most eloquent man of our age, spoke on behalf of his prince -it seemed that we were hearing an Attic muse -and now Our own oration cannot at all equal his oration. But since he did not speak in his own name, We shall now, however briefly, address the man on whose behalf he spoke, for a brief oration should be followed by a brief response.

[2] Beloved son, illustrious Duke of Milan, your orator has explained the reasons for your auspicious voyage to Us. He said much about the base origins of the Turks and their insidious advance against the worshippers of Christ. He vehemently exhorted the princes of the peoples' to avenge the Christian name. And finally he generously offered all that is in your power for this venture. We now know the cause of your joyuous arrival and your habitual reverence 88 towards this Apostolic See, whose summons as mother and teacher of peoples you considered as an obligation, and the pious disposition towards the protection of the Faith you have as an orthodox prince. Therefore, We can only be extraordinarily happy to see your devotion, and We highly commend, approve, and accept your piety as expressed in your great reverence towards the Roman See and your love of the Christian Faith.

[3] What was said now about the infidel Turks, We know quite well. Indeed the situation developed as described. The Turks are indeed a base people of slaves, fugitives from Scythia. Like a flood, they coursed through the middle of Persia and Asia Minor. Then they crossed the sea, spread over all of Greece, and went plundering through Serbia 89 , Wallachia, Moldavia, and other nations until they reached Savum and the shores of the Danube. They were able to do so not through their own strength and courage since they are a craven, vile, and despicable people, but because of the conflicts of our own people and their carelessness and cowardliness. It seems to Us that the more despicable the Turks are, the more courageously we should attack them so as to regain admirably -in our own time and with the help of the Lord -the glory of our name which was lost shamefully.

[4] Therefore, beloved son, you have acted worthily and piously in coming to this holy congress, showing how you deplore these great misfortunes and strive with all your power to remedy them. We accept the exhortation made just now, it is welcome to Our ears. Indeed, this very potent testimony to your devotion has the force to move and incite many others to take up this cause. Therefore, on Our part We find that your ardour of soul ought to be praised here, as indeed We do strongly praise it, urging all well-intentioned people to follow your guidancce, not only in extreme situations, but as a general norm of fighting.

88 "animi tui reverentiam" 89 "Triballia"

[5] Reliqua pars erat ea, qua tuus orator te et tua omnia pro sancti operis confirmatione nostrae arbitrationi sese permittere atque devovere affirmavit. Dedit, quod nostra de te spes ferebat.

[6] {314v} Optime nostro animo tua quadrat voluntas.

Manuscripts

The oration is extant in a number of manuscripts, among them the following:

• Firenze / Biblioteca Riccardiana 3814, ff. 198r-199v

• Göttingen / Niedersächsische Staats-und Universitätsbibliothek 8 Philos 88, ff. 113v-120r (T) (pagination)

• London / British Library 15366, ff. 78v-81r

II. List of manuscripts

The list of manuscripts with orations of Pius II below is comprehensive, but certainly not exhaustive. A number of manuscripts in European and US libraries undoubtedly contain as yet unidentified orations, and a number of orations not collated may eventually turn out not to be orations of Pius.

A major -and precious -source in the identification of manuscripts with orations of Pius has, naturally, been Kristeller's Iter Italicum, which does, however, not always give the exact foliation or the incipit of the individual orations.

Another source, concerning Pius' orations at the German imperial diets in 1454 and 1455, has been Helmrath's Reichstagsreden.

Otherwise, a number of manuscripts have been identified by the editor in the course of his studies in various libraries, and more may be identified in the course of future investigations. Below are given the orthographical profiles of a number of the manuscripts (the more important ones) used for the present edition. As a rule, all the orations of Piccolomini/Pius contained in a manuscript have been used for the establishment of the orthographical profile. In those cases, where only one or a couple of orations have been used, it is indicated at the beginning of the profile.

The orthographical practice of individual scribes was often inconsistent, which means that the presence of an orthographical "variant" in a text does not mean that another variant, may not also be used in the same text.

Each profile is subdivided into four parts:

IV. INDICES Notes Index of persons

1) Names in Latin, French, Spanish, Portuguese, English, and German: the original language is preferred. Names from other languages are anglicised.

2) The names of popes are given in Latin 3) Uncrowned Holy Roman emperors are designated as Kg. of the Romans 4) When necessary for disambiguation, titles (highest obtained) or other data are given in parenthesis.

In case of popes and cardinals title is always given. 5) Kings and dukes (with dynasty or house) and saints are listed under their first name. All others are listed under name of family or place 6) Cross-references are given when appropriate 7) Groups of persons: only in case of princely houses or families. Otherwise placed in ISU Index of places 1) Names in Latin, French, Spanish, Portuguese, English, and German: the original language is preferred. Names from other languages are anglicised.

Index of subjects

1) Geographical names as part of a subject term are anglicised

Index of sources

1) Names and titles of works in Latin, French, Spanish, Portuguese, English, and German: the original language is preferred. Names from other languages are anglicised.

2

Table of volumes in Collected Orations of Pope Pius II. 12 vols. Edited and translated by Michael von Cotta-Schönberg. Table of contents

	(
	I.	Orations
	78. Tua verba (21 May 1454, Regensburg)
	79. Mirabitur fortassis (September 1459, Mantua)
	80. Grave illis (18 September 1459, Mantua)
	II.	List of manuscripts
	III. Orthographical profiles
	IV. Indices
	1.	Index of persons
	2.	Index of places
	3.	Index of subjects
	4.	Index of sources
		4.1. By period and source
		4.2. By oration (number and section)

Collected Orations of Pope Pius II; 78) Oration "Tua verba" of Enea Silvio Piccolomini (21 May 1454, Regensburg). Translated by Michael von Cotta- Schönberg 2019 Table of Contents

	I. INTRODUCTION 1. Context 2
	I.	INTRODUCTION
	1.	Context
	2.	Themes
	3.	Date, place, audience, and format
	4.	Text
	5.	Sources
	6.	Bibliography
	II.	TEXT AND TRANSLATION

  Nunc quid de rebus futuris sperandum videatur, caritas vestra diligenter attendat. Adsunt hoc locorum omnes ferme Christianorum potentatus auctoritatem in unam congregati. Nam ut ab ultima occidentali Europae plaga incipiamus, ibi est primo Hispaniensis natio, quae tribus Christianissimis regnis decoratur. In hac offert se primo nobile Castellae regnum cui rex nobilissimus Henricus nomine praesidet, armis atque viribus praepotens. Hujus oratores infra paucorum dierum spatium hic Mantuae excipiemus, quod etiam venerabilis frater noster episcopus Ovetensis illius regis nomine -ut audistis -amplissime affirmavit. Adjacet Castellae Portugalliae regnum, cujus rex et ipse potens praesentibus rebus non mediocre auxilium conferre potest atque vult. Habet iste rex jampridem apud sedem apostolicam suos oratores, viros praestabiles, ampla potestate suffultos -eorum quidem mandatum in praesentiarum cognominatum fuit. Vere ipsi certa de causa nobis {321r} nota hodierno actu interesse non voluerunt, unde ut se excusatos haberemus, a nobis diligenter postularunt. At present, [representatives of] almost all the Christian powers are gathered in this authoritative [assembly].Let us begin with the farthest region in the West. There is the Spanish nation, graced by three most Christian realms. First is the illustrious Kingdom of Castile, where the most noble King Enrique 38 reigns, mighty in arms and men. We shall receive his ambassadors in a few days, as amply confirmed in the king's name by Our venerable brother, the Bishop of Oviedo -you heard it yourselves.39

	[4]
	33 Emperor Friedrich III (Habsburg) (1415-1493): Duke of Austria (Styria). Elected emperor in 1440, crowned emperor
	in 1452
	34 Johann Hinderbach (1418-14783): Court official of Emperor Friedrich III. Bishop of Trento 1465
	of Mantua
	37 20 August 1459

35

"nostra de causa"

36

Giovanni Mignanelli (-1459): Sienese jurist and university teacher. Ambassador of Siena to Pius II at the Congress Proximum dehinc est Aragoniae regnum, quod latum et magnum est. Par est et regni magnitudini regiae voluntatis amplitudo, quod liberalissima suorum oratorum sponsio modo in scriptis exhibita abunde testatur.

[5] Hispanis Galli finitimi sunt. Horum natio magna etiam lateque diffusa varios habet principatus. Est in primis regnum Francorum, cujus tanta est nobilitas, ut ceteri principes mundi, qui se amplius nobilitate velint, ex sanguine regum Francorum se ortos esse dicant. Fama autem illius regni numero et magnitudine rerum gestarum celeberrima existit. Nam -ut cetera multa omittamus, quae a Francorum regibus passim per mundum praeclare gesta fuere -nullam umquam legimus in historiis expeditionem in infideles a Romanis pontificibus factam, in qua Franci vel non interessent vel magna ex parte ipsi rem administrarent, ob quam rem et hanc meruerunt honoris {321v} praerogativam, ut soli omnium regum Francorum reges Christianissimi nuncuparentur. Huic tali ac tanto regno praeeminet modo, divina favente gratia, carissimus in Christo filius noster Carolus rex inclytus, qui majorum suorum virtutem sequens ad hunc sacrum conventum oratores suos destinare satagit, quemadmodum ex ejus litteris paulo ante lectis et ab ejus oratore Milone, episcopo Carnotensi, abunde intelleximus.

[4] Now listen carefully: this is what we may expect.

  Habet in Galliis et principatum potens ac magnanimus Burgundorum dux Philippus, qui non mediocre auxilium rebus communibus praestare potest atque vult. De ejus potentatu plura loqui possemus, sed non hujus loci est hujusmodi sermo. Voluntatem vero ejus insignis legatio ipsius ad hanc sedem missa manifeste declarat. Cernimus enim hic ante oculos vestros nobilissimus ejus nepotem, Johannem ducem Clivensem, ceterosque ejus collegas, viros excellentes, qui votis nostris permagnifice correspondent.[7] Gerit non disparem ei animum Brittaniae dux illius provinciae, quae in continenti posita est, {322r} quae et ipsa etiam intra Galliae limites continetur. Hujus ducis, qui magnus et ipse est, oratores ad nos iter maturare certo intelligimus. Nec ullum dubium nobis est, quin ipse etiam, quod Christianum principem decet, re ipsa adimplere sit paratus.

	38 Enrique IV (1425-1474): King of Castile from 1454 to his death
	39 Rodrigo Sanchez de Arévalo (1404-1470): Spanish churchman, later papal official. Ambassador of the King of
	Castile

40 Afonso V (1432-1481): King of Portugal from 1438-1477 41 Juan II (1398-1479): King of Navarre from 1425 and of Aragon from 1458 to his death 42 Charles VII (1403-1461): King of France from 1422 to his death 43 Miles d'Illiers (-1493): Archbishop of Chartres 1459 to 1492 [6]

[8] Sabaudiensis autem ducatus licet secundum antiquam limitationem haud omnino in Gallia existat, siquidem Gallia montibus Pyreneis, mari Oceano, Rhodano ac Rheno terminatur. Tamen nostro tempore propter linguae communitatem ac propter sanguinis affinitatem, quam illius provinciae duces cum regia Francorum domo conjunxere, Gallicanis potentatibus annumeratur. Hujus provinciae dux nobilis, magnanimis ac potens filium suum nomine Janum propediem ampla cum potestate missurus est, prout nos litteris certiores facti sumus, et vos nunc venerabilem fratrem nostrum Georgium episcopum Lausanensem pronuntiantem audistis.

  Intra hujus insulae ambitum duo sunt Christiana regna, Anglorum unum, Scotorum alterum. Hi, etsi remotissimi extra continentem positi 64 raro Turcorum nomen audiunt, tamen cum Christianis Christiani ipsi et quidem devotissimi totis viribus ad sanctum opus concurrere {323v} putant. Utriusque enim regis oratores, viri insignes, cum ampla potestate ad hanc sedem properant, quod litteris atque nuntiis optime novimus. Habemus et nos ibi apud Anglorum regem venerabilem fratrem nostrum Franciscum episcopum Interamnensem, qui per epistolam nobis significavit magnificam legationem ab illo rege ad nos venturam, quam non viri populares, sed praesules, comites, equites atque doctores, maximi viri, exornant. Eam nos non venturam modo expectaremus, sed jam venisse laetaremur, nisi viarum discrimina multa, quae prius providenda duxere in causa fuissent. Quantum vero harum duarum gentium reges Britannici, de quibus locuti sumus, viribus, armis atque opibus valeant, vestrum arbitror latere nemini. Quare de eis 65 , quod dicamus, restat nihil.

[14] Perstringam nunc 66 quam breviter Italiae potentatus. Est in primis inter Italicos potentatus Romana ecclesia, cui nos divina favente gratia licet immeriti praesidemus. De ecclesia apostolica atque nobis nihil est, quod dicamus, cum nos illi sumus, qui alios incitamus, et qui non solum volumus, sed cupimus ac parati {324r} sumus vires nostras omnes effundere.

Oration "Grave illis" of Pope Pius II (18 September 1459, Mantova). Edited and translated by Michael von Cotta- Schönberg

		INTRODUCTION
	1.	Context
	2.	Themes
	3.	Date, place, audience, and format
	4.	Text
	5.	Sources
	6.	Bibliography
	7.	Sigla
	II.	TEXT AND TRANSLATION
		2019

Appendix: Oration "Cum essem" of Francesco Filelfo (18 September 1459, Mantua) I. INTRODUCTION 1. Context 75

  Piccinino, and during Pius' own pontificate he had often lent his support to the Church. Now he had come to this congress and was nobly promising to use all his resources to defend not only the Church of Rome but religion itself, the Catholic faith, and the very name of Christ against the godless Turks. Truly he was acting as a Christian prince ought; if the rest turned out to be like him, not only would there be no reason for Christians to fear Turkish arms, but they might actually take the offensive and recover without difficulty Greece and Asia, which had been lost be the negligence of their forefathers. He hoped that Francesco's example would rouse the several Christian princes who seemed to be sleeping through the crisis, and that when they at last realized the danger that threatened the Christian faith, they would take up arms against the foe. If this happened, as he hoped, Francesco would stand in the first rank of those to whom the Church of Rome and all of Christendom would owe the profoundest debt of gratitude.

He had been an outstanding figure, the most accomplished soldier of his day, a second Ajax in battle, a second Nestor in counsel. He had feared no man but inspired fear in all. His exploits were celebrated by every man who drew breath. Pius himself as a youth had heard of them from his uncle Giovanni Tolomei, who had served under Sforza as a captain of his troops, and he had marveled at the courage and the glory of such a hero. The son had surpassed his unsurpassable father. He had triumphed over all those he had ever fought. He had won a title which the ancients bestowed on the very bravest Romans, and which was held in the highest esteem among Italians of our day. The dukedom of Milan had come to him not by succession from his father, which would have been an accident of fortune, but by popular election, a response to his qualities. In one respect alone had his father surpassed him: the father had always defended the cause of the Church, while the son had sometimes attacked it. Yet not even in this respect did he altogether yield to his father, for he had lately undergone a conversion from Saul to Paul. He had aided Pius' predecessor Calixtus against

75 CO, I,[15][16][17][18][19] Pastor, II, Voigt, IV,

http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/francesco-filelfo_%28Dizionario-Biografico%29/

•

  Praise of the prince -unusually cordial • Thanks for offers of contributions to the crusade

	77 CO, III, 20 (Meserve, II, pp. 81-83)
	78 Voigt, IV, p. 64
	79 See oration "Responsuri" [52]

  Ed. M. Meserve and M. Simonetta. Vols. 1 ff. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2003 ff.Filelfus ubi finem fecit, sanctissimus dominus noster dictis hoc retulit responsum:[1] {313r} Grave illis esse solet, qui cytharam aut lyram bene sonantem audierint, raucas deinde tibias insuavesque sonantes 85 audire auribus perferre. Ita namque Franciscus Philelphus, homo aetate nostra disertissimus, in vicem principis sui peroravit, ut quasi musam atticam loquentem audisse videamur. Ejus orationi oratio nostra nequaquam par esse potest.86 Verum quia non suo, sed alieno nomine oravit, ad eum, cujus nomine oratum est, verba vertamus et quidem breviter. Brevem enim orationem jure brevis responsio sequi debet.[2] Explicavit orator tuus, dilecte fili, Mediolanensium inclyte dux, causas tui ad nos felicissimi itineris. Plura locutus est de vili Turcorum ortu ac insidioso progressu adversus Christi cultores. Populorum principes ad Christiani nominis vindictam exhortatus est vehementer. Et demum quidquid in tua est potestate ad eam rem peragendam obtulit libenter. Nos intelligentes tui nobis jucundissimi adventus causam existere, animi tui reverentiam, {313v} quam erga hanc sedem apostolicam gerere solitus es, cujus vocationi tamquam matris et magistrae gentium te obligari existimasti, ac pium affectum, quem veluti orthodoxus princeps ad fidei tutamen habes, equidem non possumus non mirum in modum in tuae devotionis aspectu laetari ac pietatem tuam pro tanta in Romanam sedem reverentia et in fidem Christi affectione plurimum in domino commendamus, approbamus atque acceptam habemus.

	Pius II: Orationes. [1436-1464]
	• Pius II: Orationes politicae et ecclesiasticae. Ed. Giovanni Domenico Mansi. 3 vols. Lucca:
	Benedini, 1755-1759
	• Collected Orations of Pope Pius II. Edited and translated by Michael von Cotta-Schönberg.
	12 vols. 2019-2020
	Voigt, Georg: Enea Silvio de' Piccolomini als Papst Pius der Zweite und sein Zeitalter. 3 vols. Berlin,
	1856-63
	7. Sigla and abbreviations
	quidem nobis
	videtur Turcos, quo sunt abjectiores, eo majori animo a nobis insectandos fore, ut nostri nominis
	gloriam turpiter deperditam domino auxiliante nostro tempore cum laude recuperemus.
	[4] Quare, dilecte fili, egisti rem pro tua pietate dignam, cum ad hunc sacrum conventum veniens
	te tantis malis indolere ostendis et pro tua virili subveniente contendis. Hortationem hoc loco
	factam gratis auribus accepimus. Est enim tuae devotionis efficacissimum testimonium potens
	multorum animos ad rem capessendam permovere atque impellere. Quare animi tui ardorem ex
	hoc loco etiam ducimus collaudandum ac ita firmo judicio collaudamus hortantes eos omnes, qui
	bonum agere cupiunt, ut non in postremis disciplinam tuam habeant, sed eam tamquam
	belligerendae rei normam sectentur.
	85 em.; sonans H
	86 em.; posset H
	87 em.; omnis H

Geschichte der Päpste im Zeitalter der Renaissance. 16 vols. Freiburg i.B., 1886-1933 Pius II: Commentarii rerum memorabilium quae suis temporibus contigerunt [1464] • Commentarii rervm memorabilivm que svis temporibus contigervnt. Ed. A van Heck. II vols. Città del Vaticano, 1984 (Studi e testi; 312-313) • Commentaries. H = Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana / Ottobon. lat. 1170 [3] Quae vero de perfidis Turcis in praesentia commemorata audivimus, haud equidem agnovimus. Profecto ita res sese habet, quemadmodum modo ex ordine narrata fuit. Sunt enim Turci gens vilissima, servilis, fugitiva ab Scythia profecta in Persidem mediam et minorem Asiam, veluti aquarum alluvio decursa. Inde mare transmisso in omnes 87 Graeciae partes dilatata, demum per Triballiam, Vlachiam, Moldaviam atque aliquas nationes ad Savum usque per Danubii oras latrocinando diffusa nec quidem sua virtute, cum gens ignava, vila et abjecta existat, sed nostrorum hominum {314r} partim dissensione, partim incuria atque desidia. Ac

Appendix: Oration "Cum essem" of Francesco Filelfo (18 September 1459, Mantua)

	[5] Finally, your orator declared that in support of this holy endeavour you entrust and devote
	yourself and yours to Our judgment, and thus he gave Us what We hoped for.
	Optime tui patris virtuti tuoque [6] Your intentions perfectly agree with Our own mind, but also with your own father's
	praestantissimo et excellentissimo nomini. Nam si noster animus et tuus in unum corpus confusus distinguished and excellent name. For if Ours and your mind were united in one body, it would
	fuisset, non aliud, quam quod pollicitus es, expetisset. Patri vero tuo consonus es, quod ille desire just what you promised. And you are in accordance with your father, in his time an
	omnium ductorum exercitus sui temporis corpore existens strenuo, animo provido, forti et libenti outstanding military leader with a strong body and a foresighted, powerful, and generous soul,
	res maximas memoratu dignas gessit et huic Romanae sedi sua industria et labore saepe subvenit, who did great things worthy to be remembered. Moreover, he often with diligence and energy
	quae omnia ipsis existentibus nobis admodum adolescentibus a Jacopo Tolomeo, secundum came to the help of the Roman See. We remember having heard of all this in early youth from Our
	carnem patruo nostro, qui Sfortiae signa secutus sub eo ordines ductavit, audisse meminimus. uncle Jacopo Tolomei, who fought under Sforza as an officer.
	[7] Tu deinde patris tui virtutem secutus atque etiam supergressus, quanta egregia facinora [7] Later you yourself imitated and even surpassed your father's courage and strength -though patraris, in praesentiarum dicere consulto obmittimus. Sat enim et poetae et oratores et historici, We do not intend to speak about your outstanding deeds now, since they are sufficiently quorum aetas nostra caelesti beneficio abundat, ea omnia commemorant. Sed illud haud silentio celebrated by the poets, orators, and historians, whom Heaven has given so plentifully to this age. praeterire possumus, quod sanctae memoriae Calixto tertio, praedecessore nostro, diu adversus But this We can hardly pass over, that for a long time you were helped of Our predecessor, Calixtus ecclesiae hostem opitulatus fuisti. Et {315r} nobis quoque in hac sede sedentibus quantum tua III of blessed memory, against the enemy of the Church. 90 And We also know very well how We profuerit pietas, ipsi optime cognovimus, qui tuam fidem experti sumus. Perbelle igitur cum too, who now occupy this See, have experienced your loyalty and benefited from your pious omnibus bene tua virtus quadrat nobiscum si pollicendo, quae volebamus, cum patre tuo atque devotion. So, when you promise to do as We desire, your virtue is in perfect accordance with Us, tecum cum res memorabiles gerens illius gloriae atque tuae consentaneus existis. with your father, and with yourself, since you perform memorable deeds and thus live up to both
	[8] Quamobrem haec sedes summopere tua facta in domino commendat, et quantum pro tua his and your own glory.
	tanta liberalitate et sponsione tibi dignas gratias rependere non valet, Deum optimum [8] Therefore, this See highly commends in the Lord your actions, and since it is not able to repay maximumque rogitat, ut ipse pro nobis tibi praemia digna ferat. Attamen nos una cum you with gifts of grace worthy of your generosity and promises, it prays to the Best and Greatest 91 venerabilium fratrum nostrorum cardinalium coetu nobilitati tuae, tuis fratribus, liberis et toti God to grant you fitting rewards on Our behalf. But We Ourselves together with the college of Our denique Sfortiadiae familiae, quantum in nobis erit, alacri animo benefaciemus. Restat modo, ut venerable brethren, the cardinals, shall eagerly and as much as We can show benevolence to your cum jam ad omnem orationem tuo nomine habitam satis plura, quam credebamus, responderimus, aliud praeterea nihil, nisi quod, cum libuerit, circa rerum expeditionem consilium own noble self, your brothers, your sons, and the whole Sforza family.
	tuum nobiscum conferas, et nos nostrum tecum conferemus. Finis. Since We have now responded more extensively than intended to the whole oration delivered in
	your name, there is now only left for Us to consult with you -when convenient -and to exchange
	views on how to proceed in the matter at hand.
	The end.
	90 The condottiero Jacopo Piccinino, see orations "Modestius" [27] (1456) and "Responsuri" [52] (1459)
	91 Classical epithets of the pagan Roman god Jupiter (Jupiter optimus maximus)

U) • Torino / Biblioteca Ex-Reale Varii 260 • Trieste / Biblioteca Civica A. Hortis II, ff. 40v-43v • Venezia / Biblioteca Marciana Lat

	• Orationes Francisci Philelphi cum quibusdam aliis eiusdem operibus ad oratoriam
	summopere conducentibus. [Paris]: Jean Petit, [1515], ff. 92r-95r 93 (PE)
	Present edition
	The present edition is based on the BAV Ott. lat. 1170 (U), the Göttingen manuscript (T) and Petit's
	edition from 1515 (PE).
	For principles of edition (incl. orthography) and translation, see Collected Orations of Pope Pius II,
	vol. 1, ch. 9-10.
	• Roma / Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana
	Ott. lat. 905, ff. 17r-20r
	Ott. lat. 1170, ff. 307v-312v 92 (. XI 80 (3057), ff. 259v-262v
	Lat. XIV 113 (4709), ff. 39r-44v
	Editions
	The oration has been published in a number of early editions of Filelfo's epistles and orations,
	among them:

Francisci Philelphi Oratio ad Pium secundum pontificem maximum, habita Mantuae in publica universalique christianorum contione pro duce Francisco Sfortia: die Martis quartodecimo Kalendas Octobres, MCCCCLIX. 94

  Nos autem, qui ad hujus vitae celebrem 174 gloriam aeternam quoque atque caelestem gloriam simus assecuturi, cunctabimur diutius obviam ire pulcherrimis gloriosissimisque triumphis? Iam tandem felicissima signa in barbaram Turcorum illam et abjectam servilemque nationem tollenda sunt te auctore et duce atque vexillifero, pontifex maxime 175 pientissime, Pie secunde, qui Christi vices in terris gerens omnia pro animi tui magnitudine et incomparabili sapientia divinaque virtute constitutus, geres 176 , moderabere, perficies. Quis adeo sit a fide Christiana alienus, quis ita abhorrens ab omni humanitate, quis tam suis rebus sibique adversus, qui in re tam pia, {120r} tam necessaria, tam laudabili, tam utili beatitudini tuae parere subterfugiat atque 177 nolit 178 vitam suam, si sit opus, Deo offerre, quo tanto dedecore amarissimoque flagello Christiana respublica liberetur? Nam quod ad Franciscum Sfortiam, Mediolanensium ducem, principem meum, attinet, hic eo consilio abs te accersitus eo animo huc venit, ut omnia sit pro tua et sacrosanctae Romanae ecclesiae voluntate jussuque facturus. Non modo enim et universam tibi substantiam et exercitum suum 179 omnem pollicetur ad hanc rem tantam 180 , tam sanctam, tam Deo hominibusque acceptam, sed fratres etiam ac filios, praesertim cum non ambigat ceteros quoque principes regesque Christianos idem singulos pro sua facultate facturos. Ac multo sane alacrius et libentius ipsemet praestantissimus princeps meus, ut est 181 invicto et excelso animo religionique deditissimus et sanctitatis tuae observantissimus 182 in tam praeclaram tamque 183 salutiferam expeditionem profisceretur, si per Italicarum rerum conditiones ei liceret 184 185 .

	dum praestolando consultandoque serius tempus teritur, divi 101 petri navicula ante naufragio sunt appellandi, cum nihil in se humanitatis habeant praeter hominis figuram et eam sane ob nova Roma, Constantinopolis, ita vallata et pressa diuturna obsidione oppugnationibusque in Macedonia, quae Turcorum metu Venetis se dederat 146 . Hanc posteaquam dies tris continuos reliquias commemorem, quos omnes assiduis incursionibus et incendiis premit ac perdit idem
	obruatur, quam gubernaculo 102 fuerit rudentibusque munita. Itaque posthabitis omninoque flagitiosissimam turpitudinis foeditatem depravatam ac 116 nequam. continuis et tremendis, ut profligato jam ad Nicopolim Sigismundo, rege Hungariae 133 , cum toto 134 oppugnat, tandem expugnat agitque in praedam. nefarium abominabileque monstrum?
	praetermissis ceteris negotiis suis omnibus, quae circa novi principatus sui administrationem in Quis unus omnium Turcos ignoret fugitivos esse Scytharum servos eosque pastores, qui ex et tam rebus omnibus ornatissimo exercitu fortium virorum ad trecenta millia post internitionem
	tantis hujus nostrae tumescentis fluctuantisque 103 Italiae procellis atque tempestatibus neque ergastulis illius vasti et inhospitabilis montis Caucasi cum in Persiam ac Mediam latrocinatum tantae Gallorum nobilitatis, post ludibriosam et barbaram ac spurcissimam contumeliam tot Murum Isthmi, qui Peloponensem 147 per continentem ab Aegaeo ad Jonium pelagus tutabatur, Verum quid Triballos memini? Hos enim Mahometus jam omnis egit in aerumnosissimam
	parva neque 104 levia esse possunt, ecce, ut vides, non invitus paruit salutiferis {115r} descendissent nullumque certum incolerent domicilium praeter obsoleta lustra et horrentes principum, tot ducum 135 , post jam prope extinctum Christianum et 136 nomen et cultum 137 ni 138 cum coepisset per incolarum proditionem, solo aequavit inde abacta ingenti praeda. Qui ubi servitutem. Nunc ultimo exitio Pannoniis imminet. Eoque faciliorem sperat de his 159 victoriam,
	admonitionibus et sanctissimis 105 jussis tuis, quippe qui, ut est vir non minus studiosus religionis silvarum latebras, primum Justiniani 117 {116r} temporibus ad Hellespontum usque clandestinis repente Christus Jesus, qui se de inimicis suis ulcisci dignatus est: Thomyrin Massagetam saepenumero 148 pugnasset cum Hungaris et id quidem infeliciter, demum ubi apud Varnam cum quod Spendorobum, Triballorum emporium, expeditum per Danubium transitum in Hungaros
	et pietatis quam et 106 ingenti animo et consilio, animadvertebat te, pontificem maximum et insidiis impetum facientes, eodem 118 ductore et collatrone perditissimo Boccano urbem cognomento Tamberlanum, quoniam pede altero esset claudus, cum innumerabili firmissimoque iisdem Hungaris manum conseruisset essetque unius Johannis Voivodae, clarissimi belli ducis, praebet. Hungari vero ipsi, etsi sunt tum animorum ferocia, tum robore corporum, peritiaque
	[113v] Cum essem, pater beatissime, nomine atque iussu humanissimi principis hujus mei Francisci sanctissimum, non sine causa in tanto itineris labore et infirmitate corporis ex apostolico illo solio opulentissimam 119 Bosphorum repentina vi captam diripuerunt. Deinde ubi laxius, ut homines misisset exercitu, ipsa inquam nova Roma, 139 Constantinopolis, ex illo usque tempore et capta vi calliditate summaque virtute superatus atque ingenti cum caede in fugam versus, factum est bellandi adversus Turcos aptissimi, tamen quia {119r} intestinis seditionibus assidue inter se
	Sfortiae, inclyti Mediolanensiuum ducis, apud sanctitatem tuam in tanto hoc et tam florenti [114r] Mantuam concessisse et universos Christianae fidei principes ac reges consultandi ferendaeque humiles abjectique 120 negliguntur contemnunturque, imperante Constantinipoli Alexio esset et versa in praedam. At noluit tum Deus omnipotens tantam pati indignitatem 140 , quin potius subito audacia atque animositate regis Wladislai, ut e victo {118r} victor evaserit Hungaris cunctis digladiantur, sunt ad rem tantam tamque necessariam 160 imbecilliores. Quo fit, ut nisi propediem
	splendidissimoque coetu verba facturus de rebus maximis et clarissimis et cum necessariis, tum 95 opis gratia instanti necessitati litteris ac nuntiis convocasse. Nam quid magis decet Christianum Comneno 121 tantum rebus suis incrementum fures obscurissimi continuis latrociniis attulerunt -perspicue omnibus gentibus declaravit frustra esse humanos cogitatus omnes, qui divino careant non tam fugatis quam per subitam animorum consternationem ob intolerabilem dolorem, quem a ceteris Christianis principibus eorum imminenti extremoque periculo succuratur, indubitato sint
	Christianis omnibus non mediocriter conducturis, non poteram equidem non subvereri 96 , ne idem hominem, quam non modo pecunias atque vires suas pro illius nomine gloriaque offerre, sed etiam nam quid non consequatur assiduitas? 122 -ut jam auderent aperto etiam Marte cum imperio illo auxilio. Victus est igitur et captus illico a Thomyride Tamberlano fulmineus ille et horribilis Baizetes ex interempto rege animo conceperant 149 , ultro fugientibus. In qua quidem Christianorum fuga perituri. Illius autem populosissimi regni belicosissimique eversio, quod omen Deus avertat,
	mihi accideret, quod gravissimis ac summis et oratoribus et philosophis usu aliquando venisse semetipsum, si opus fuerit, devovere, qui ut ipsi vita frueremur aeterna, cum e domino servus fieri orientali 123 de principatu contendere. Usu enim fieri quotidie videmus, ut quo quis humiliore nulla pugna, nulla concussione hastarum, nulla ensium vibratione, sine ullo prorsus sagittarum illud vulnus vel maximum nomini Christiano infixum est, quod Julianum Caesarinum, Sancta Crucis quantam sit cladem cunctis Christianis illatura, quis est tam rerum nescius, qui ignoret?
	traditur. Nam et L. Crassus, cum paternam ulturus injuriam apud Qu. Maximum foret adversus Cn. tum crudelissime et per omne ignominiae genus 107 mori voluit? Oh, divinam illam clementiam! Oh, ignobilioreque natus genere fortunae impudentia usus fuerit, eo se arrogantiorem, insolentiorem, jactu. Nam ante universus Baizetae exercitus fugae turpissimae terga dedit, quam descensum Cardinalem, virum vero dignum Romana ecclesia, Hungari frustra a fuga revocantem crudelissime
	Carbonem causam acturus, ne verbum quidem potuit emittere. Et Tyrtamus, cognomento liberalitatem et munificentiam obstupendam! Tu pro nobis Christe optime maxime, quo illius superbiorem praestet. esset in aciem. Oh, mirabilem Dei providentiam! Oh incomprehensibilem immensamque trucidarunt. Expergiscimini ergo, expergiscimini tandem principes et populi Christiani. Ferte periclitantibus
	Theophrastus, pauca admodum verba apud Atheniensem populum dicturus obmutuit. originalis delicti et perpetuae culpae reos inexpiabili facinore liberares, pudendam potentiam! Oh caritatem, qua nos complecteris, infinitam! Et nos miseri nondum prospicimus 141 , auxilium, ferte Christo Jesu, ferte vobis ipsis, ferte filiis uxoribusque vestris. Nolite pati, per Deum
	Demosthenes vero talis ille tantusque orator apud Philippum regem, Alexandri patrem, orationem acerbissimamque mortem non solum non recusasti, sed ultro etiam 108 atque perlibenter Et ne sim in re minime jucunda narrando prolixior: ubi Turci per Theodorum Cantacuzenum, qui non respicimus? Amorathum autem 150 hunc 151 non multis post annis majores calamitates in Christianum populum immortalem, nolite pati tantam pestem, tantam perniciem adversus Christianam rempublicam
	habiturus idem est passus. Nam quid dixero de eloquentissimo viro eruditissimoque depoposcisti. Nos autem ita simus impudentes, ita ingrati, ita mentis ac sensus inopes, ut Johannem Palaeologum ut 124 pupillum et generum impius circumspector 125 patrio avitoque regno aerumnasque molientem peropportune 152 mors e medio sustulit relicto Mahometo filio uno certe diutius invalescere, incrudescere, debacchari. An ignoratis fore, ut subjugatis Hungaris, qui vobis 161
	philosopho 97 M.T. Cicerone? Nonne in causa illa nobilissima Titi Annii Milonis, fortissimi viri et facultates nostras atque vitam ipsam, si sit opus 109 , quam a te uno gratis accepimus 110 , in tanta tui fraudarat, ex Asiatica Mysia in Thraciam Gallipoli ad Hellespontum 126 tradita perinde atque socii Captus igitur et non multa post obtruncatus per multam contumeliam ille tam potens, tam elatus, omnium, qui sunt, fuerunt, futurique sunt, impurissimo adolescente et omni immanitate clipeo sunt et muro, continuo vobis sit de vestra et libertate et gloria saluteque pugnandum?
	optime de se meriti, ita expalluit, ita tremuit, ita defecit, ut ineptius numquam oraverit? Haec igitur nominis jactura et contumelia tibi 111 repetenti reddere dubitemus? Absit a regibus et principibus sunt traducti, nunc socerum, nunc generum Horcane ductore fallentes, ut sunt ad omne tam formidabilis Baizetes cum nonnullos filios reliquisset, ceteris demum deinceps omnibus per immaniore. De hoc autem taetro diroque portento, de hoc -inquam -tam {94v} truculento, tam
	mecum repetens, pater beatissime, animoque volutans tum hujus loci 98 ornatissimi amplitudinem Christianis 112 tantum dedecus {115v}, tantum opprobrium, tantum nefas. Quid enim reliqui improbitatis genus proclives atque anhelantes, brevi temporis {116v} curriculo magna ex parte sultanum fratrem strangulatis arcus nervo, ex quo poesta Cyricis dictus est, solus hic sultanus saevo, tam horrendo, tam funesto prodigio, quid dicendum, quid sentiendum, quid tenendum sit, Laudatur a viris sapientibus et L. Brutus et Manlius Torquatus, quod proprios filios virgis caesos
	atque majestatem, tum incredibilem tuam divinamque sapientiam merito optimoque jure principes sint facturi, pater beatissime, quorum opes ac vires majores formidabilioresque sunt, Thracia occupata, duce Amorato, Horcanis, filio in Triballos, qui nunc Servi appellantur 127 , irruere. Cyricis in tyrannida successit, nihilo quidem 142 minus quam Baizetes pater Christianis perniciosus. nescio. Illud certe scio neminem umquam alterum ex omni hominum memoria extitisse, qui brevi securi percuti iusserint ducti illi quidem, ut ajunt 162 , alter disciplina rei militaris, alter salute patriae.
	expavescebam, ne quid incipienti mihi, quod nollem, accideret. Sed jam me plane recreat ac reficit quando unus hic Franciscus Sfortia ne dilectissimis quidem et fratribus et filiis parcere decreverit, Quo in loco 128 ubi magna utrimque caede jam 129 perpetrata Amoratus a Lazaro strenuo atque 130 Nam et Mysos, qui citra Danubium sedent, {117v} et ultra Danubium Wallachos, et Moldaviam adeo tempore tanta trepidatione atque terrore universum prope terrae 153 orbem affecerit. Et ne
	mitissimi tui istius vultus atque animi {114r} facilitas singularisque illa benignitas, quam nuper in modo possit aliquam opem salutemque afferre huic salutifero 113 pientissimoque operi? Novit certe fortissimo Triballorum duce, qui se pro patria immaculatam hostiam devovens cum duodecim subjugavit adjecitque quidquid Mari Aegaeo Jonioque adjacet praeter solam Peloponnesum ad id quidem mirum! Quas enim calamitates unus hic alter impius {118v} et abominabilis 154
	urbe Roma coram ipse de te expertus, majore cum fiducia ad dicendum venio. princeps prudentissimus nos esse natos non nobis solis, sed bonis omnibus, sed toti fidei intrepidis 131 commilitonibus in castra ipsa intra crudelissimi sceleratissimique tyranni tentorium Illyricos usque. Mahometus tam paucis annis Christiano populo intulit? Nobilissimum illud orientalis imperii
	Christianae, sed immortali Deo Christo Jesu redemptori nostro, cujus innocentem et sanctissimam impetum fecerat, multis vulneribus confossus occiditur. emporium Novam Romam 155 , Constantinopolim, heu miseram nostram infelicemque
	Ut ad rem 99 propius accedam, hic optimus princeps meus, ut est sanctitatis tuae et sacri hujus civitatem pati ludibrio esse diritati 114 immanitatique Turcorum turpissimum est et dedecorosum Qui posteaquam animam efflasset, secutus est Amorathus, filius ob Amorathum proavum ita tempestatem, num latissimi illi 156 altissimique muri crassissimaeque turres, quae singulae
	collegii cardinalium universaeque Romanae ecclesiae observantissimus, cum videret, quanto cum in primis. Eo enim omnis indignitas ducenda est indignior, quo ab indignioribus infertur hominibus: Huic ubi Baizetes 132 filius successisset non re minus fulmen quam nomine, id enim Baizetes nominatus. Is omnium primum post strangulatum Mustapham fratrem 143 urbem munitissimas arces repraesentabant 157 , cum viderentur omni adamanti solidiores, num ulla
	studio et diligentia et labore incumberes ad vindicandam Christianam 100 rempublicam ex si homines quidem potius quam efferatae prorsus 115 et truculentissimae quaedam beluae Turci Turcorum lingua significat, non solum Thessalia Christianis et Boeotia est erepta, sed ipsa etiam Constantinopolim permagno et accerrimo munitus exercitu obsedit mensibus tribus hominum aut ingenia aut vires tutari potuerunt, quo minus a Turcis captum et in miserabilem 158
	oppugnavitque fortissime, quo tempore illic me continebam disciplinae Graecae consequendae praedam versum omnibus gentibus sit exemplo nihil esse nobis superbiendum? Nonne paulo post atrocissima et taeterrima servitute Turcorum in pristinam suam et libertatem et dignitatem, indignum profecto et iniquum a se factum iri existimasset, si abs te tantopere perhumaniterque 116 et U gratia 144 . Quam ubi nequisset expugnare 145 , agro igni ferroque vastato abiit adortus Thessalonicam Peloponnesus eodem tacta fulmine periit? Quid enim Triballos, quid Illyricorum, quid Dalmatiae
	117 Augusti add. U accersitus ad constitutam diem minus ipse quam primum venisset in pulcherrimum hunc 101 omit. U 118 eodemque PE 159 iis PE perillustremque conventum tot venerabilium patrum et dominorum et principum. Intelligebat 102 tabernaculo T, PE 119 urbem opulentissimam : opulentissimam urbem U 160 tamque necessariam omit. U enim in tanto rerum discrimine, quo tota religio nostra fluctuat, celeritate plurima opus esse, ne 103 omit. U 120 ut homines … abjectique omit. U 133 omit. U 146 dedissent U 161 nobis U 174 omit. U
	104 nec T 121 Constantinipoli Alexio Comneno : Alexio Comneno Constantinipoli U 134 tanto U 147 Peloponesum U 162 ut ajunt omit. U 175 omit. U
	105 et sanctissimis : atque U 122 nam quid … assiduitas omit. U 135 tot ducum omit. PE 148 sepius U 163 omit. U 176 reges U
	106 omit. U 123 imperio illo orientali : orientali imperio illo U 136 omit. U 149 interempto rege … conceperant : interempti regis U 164 omit. T 177 subterfugiat atque omit. U
	94 Title: Oratio Francisci Philelphi ad Pium Secundum Pontificem Maximum, habita Mantue in publica universalique 107 omit. U 124 quasi U 137 et cultum omit. U 150 in qua quidem … autem omit. U 165 omit. U 178 atque add. U
	Christianorum contione pro duce Francisco Sphortia, anno 1459 T; Francisci Philelphi oratio ad sacrosanctum 108 ultro etiam : etiam ultro U 125 circumscriptor U 138 nisi U 151 vero add. U 166 crudelissimos U 179 omit. U
	ecclesiae Romanae pontificem Pium secundum pro iliustrissimo excellentia sua … [illeg.] ibidem presente U 109 si sit opus omit. U 126 Gallipoli ad Hellespontum tradita omit. U 139 omit. U 152 opportune U 167 nonnulli U 180 et add. U
	95 clarissimis et … tum omit. U 110 tibi add. U 127 qui nunc … appellantur omit. U 140 Deus omnipotens … indignitatem : tantam pati indignitatem Deus omnipotens U 153 terrarum U 168 preferre add. U 181 eum T
	96 vereri U 111 omit. U 128 quo in loco omit. U 141 resipiscimus U 154 et abominabilis omit. U 169 praeferre add. PE
	97 eloquentissimo viro … philosopho : eruditissimo philosopho et eloquentissimo viro U 112 absit absit add. U 129 omit. U 142 omit. U 155 Novam Romam omit. U 170 pertulerint U
	98 hujus loci : loci hujus U 113 saluberrimo U 130 strenuo atque U 143 post strangulatum … fratrem U 156 omit. U
	99 igitur add. U 114 omit. T 131 omit. U 144 quo tempore … gratia omit. U 157 crassimaeque turres … cum viderentur : qui U
	100 omit. U 115 omit. U 132 Bais.. et passim U, PE 145 nequisset expugnare … expugnare nequisset U 158 ac luctuosissimam add. PE

Laudatur Curtius, quod se in profundissimum terrae 163 hiatum illum periturus praecipitavit, quo metu mortis patriam 164 solveret. Laudantur tres Decii, pater, et 165 {119v} filius, ac nepos, quod in extremis reipublicae periculis sese deinceps pro patria devoverint. Laudatur M. Attilius Regulus, qui ut fidem hosti servaret, ad acerbissimos 166 corporis cruciatus, ad dedecorisissimam contumeliam, ad indubitatam mortem redire non dubitaret. Laudantur, inquam, laudantur, cum alii multi

167

tum Phileni et Codrus, qui honestam mortem turpi vitae 168 ingenti animo 169 praetulerint 170 . At hos omnes qua ratione ductos arbitremur? Alia nempe nulla, nisi ut umbratilem et inanem hujus 171 saeculi gloriam 172 vel mortui viderentur assecuti 173 . 171 omit. U 172 assecuti add. U 173 omit. U 182 et sanctitatis … observantissimus omit. U 183 praeclaram tamque : illustrem et tam U 184 Dixi add. T 185 Oratio habita Mantuae ab eodem Francisco Philipho in publico universalique consistorio XIII. Kal. Octobris MCCCCLVIIII add. U

Per me reges regnant Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 139r-144v Superioribus diebus Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 144v-147v Ingentes vobis Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 147v-151r Advenisti tandem Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 151v-152r Quaecumque rogat Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 152r-154r Sextus agitur annus

		Advenisti tandem Cum bellum hodie Responsuri Clarae atque illustres Superioribus diebus Cum bellum hodie Oratio Pius et misericors	Bruxelles Firenze London Lucca Mantova München Padova Roma	Bibl. Royale Bibl. Riccardiana British Libr. Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana Bibl. Communale Bayerische Staatsbibl. Bibl. Universitaria Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	15564-67 422 Add MS 15336 544 100 clm 00519 489 Barb. lat. 1692	033r-042v 078v-100r 081v-093r 174r-174v 282v-288r 101r-114r 999r-999v 052r-053v
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	NR = Number of oration; IN = Incipit; Ci = City = LI = Library; SG = Signature; FO = Foliation; CO = Correction and supplement to previously published info; NO = Note (see below) Bold = collated. Ordinary = seen, not collated. Cursive = not seen Responsuri Admont Stiftsbibl. 535 Solent plerique Admont Stiftsbibl. 72.253 Modestius Augsburg Staats-und Stadtbibl. 2 Cod. 224 Oratio / French amb. Barcelona Bibl. Central 1970* Si quis me roget Basel Universitätsbibl. A III 38 Si quis me roget Basel Universitätsbibl. A IV 5 Responsuri Basel Universitätsbibl. E III 15 Nisi satis exploratum Basel Universitätsbibl. F IV 14 Nisi satis exploratum Basel Universitätsbibl. F IX 5 Constantinopolitana clades Basel Universitätsbibl. Inc. 581 Superioribus diebus Basel Universitätsbibl. O III 23 Cum bellum hodie Berlin Staatsbibl. Hamilton 642 Oratio Berlin Staatsbibl. Lat. 029 Oratio Berlin Staatsbibl. Lat. 054 Habuisti dilecta filia Berlin Staatsbibl. Lat. 200 Cum bellum hodie Berlin Staatsbibl. Lat. 402 Oratio Berlin Staatsbibl. Lat. 407 Oratio Berlin Staatsbibl. Lat. 407 Cum bellum hodie Bern Burgerbibl. 244 Constantinopolitana clades Bern Burgerbibl. 519 Cum bellum hodie Bern Burgerbibl. 531 Constantinopolitana clades Beromünster Stiftsbibl. C 26 Solent plerique Beromünster Stiftsbibl. C. 26 Habuisti dilecta filia Bologna Bibl. Universitaria 138 Cum bellum hodie Bologna Bibl. Universitaria 1525 Responsuri Bologna Collegio di Spagna 81 Habuisti dilecta filia Bologna Collegio di Spagna 138 Oratio Brescia Bibl. Civica Queriniana A VII 3 Cum bellum hodie Brescia Bibl. Civica Queriniana C VII 1 Cum bellum hodie Brno Moravská Zemská Knih. Mk 96 Tritum est sermone Brno Moravská Zemská Knih. Mk 96 Advenisti tandem Bruxelles Bibl. Royale 3263 Si loqui possent Bruxelles Bibl. Royale 3263 Cum bellum hodie Bruxelles Bibl. Royale 15564-67 Responsuri Bruxelles Bibl. Royale 15564-67 Catherinam Senensem Bruxelles Bibl. Royale 15564-67 Oratio / Mantua Budapest Országor Szechenyi Kön. Clmae 166 Moyses vir dei Fulda Landesbibl. 4o C 10 Orationes Genova Bibl. Civica Berio 07.2.3.5 Orationes London British Libr. Harley 2492 Oratio / Mantua London British Libr. Harley 3830 Quamvis non sine / Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Cum bellum hodie Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana D 5 Sup Eruditissime München Bayerische Staatsbibl. clm 04016 Responsuri Paris Bibl. Nationale Dupuy 619 Quamvis non sine Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1692 Satisf. Fatemur insignes Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Audivi Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Si mihi München Bayerische Staatsbibl. clm 04016 Responsuri Paris Bibl. Nationale Dupuy 922 Omnes ferme Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1692 Constantinopolitana Budapest Országor Szechenyi Kön. Clmae 210 Cum bellum hodie Genova Bibl. Civica Berio 10.6.65 Magna pars vestrum London British Libr. Harley 4913 Quamvis non dubitamus Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Non est apud me Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Optasset München Bayerische Staatsbibl. clm 04016 De regno Siciliae Paris Bibl. Nationale Italien 409 Conversa in nos Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1692 clades Habuisti dilecta filia Budapest Országor Szechenyi Kön. Clmae 210 Oratio Budapest Országor Szechenyi Kön. Clmae 210 Quamvis in hoc senatu Budapest Országor Szechenyi Kön. Clmae 211 Constantinopolitana clades Budapest Országor Szechenyi Kön. Clmae 211 Eruditissime Budapest Országor Szechenyi Kön. Clmae 211 Dilectissime Budapest Országor Szechenyi Kön. Clmae 211 Cum bellum hodie Budapest Országor Szechenyi Kön. Clmae 228 Cum bellum hodie Budapest Országor Szechenyi Kön. Clmae 372 Constantinopolitana clades Budapest Országor Szechenyi Kön. Clmae 372 Quamvis omnibus Budapest Országor Szechenyi Kön. Clmae 372 Si mihi Budapest Országor Szechenyi Kön. Clmae 372 Responsuri Budapest Országor Szechenyi Kön. Clmae 372 Cum bellum hodie Budapest Országor Szechenyi Kön. Clmae 515 Advenisti tandem Burgo de Osma Arch. Bibl. De la Catedral 37 Si mihi Cambridge University Library Hh I 7 Solent plerique Cambridge University Library Hh I 7 Orationes / Wiener N. Cambridge University Library Hh I 7 Oratio Ceské Bud. Krajské vedecká knihovna 47 Oratio Chemnitz Stadtbücherei Hds 57 Constantinopolitana clades Colmar Bibl. Municipale 407 (198) Solent plerique Colmar Bibl. Municipale 407 (198) Oratio Cremona Bibl. Governativa Aa 2.51. Cum bellum hodie Cuijk en S. Agata Kruisherrenklooster C 19 Optasset Dresden Stadtarch. Loc. 7384 Röm. R. Oratio Eichstätt Staatl. & Seminar-Bibl. 681 Oratio Firenze Bibl. Medicea-Laur. F. princ. Laur. 63 30 Si mihi Firenze Bibl. Medicea-Laur. Plut. 54.19 Cum bellum hodie Firenze Bibl. Medicea-Laur. Plut. 89.16 Advenisti tandem Firenze Bibl. Naz. Centrale II. 1.201 Si loqui possent Firenze Bibl. Naz. Centrale II. 1.201 Oratio Firenze Bibl. Naz. Centrale Magl. XXXII 39 Cum bellum hodie Firenze Bibl. Naz. Centrale Magl. XXXII 39 Oratio Firenze Bibl. Naz. Centrale Nuovi Acq., nr 441 Fateor Firenze Bibl. Riccardiana 346 Quamvis grandes materias Firenze Bibl. Riccardiana 346 Quam laetus quamque Firenze Bibl. Riccardiana 346 Constantinopolitana clades Firenze Bibl. Riccardiana 346 Cum bellum hodie Genova Bibl. Durazzo 299 Oratio / French amb. Giessen Universitätsbibl. Lat. 1256 Constantinopolitana clades Giessen Universitätsbibl. Lat. 1256 Habuisti dilecta filia Granada Bibl. Universitaria B 93 Superioribus diebus Görlitz Milich'sche Bibl. Ch 4 78 Oratio Görlitz Milich'sche Bibl. Ch 4 78 Cum bellum hodie Göttingen Niedersachsische SUB 8 Philos 88 Dilectissime Göttingen Niedersachsische SUB 8 Philos 88 Eruditissime Göttingen Niedersachsische SUB 8 Philos 88 Magna pars vestrum Göttingen Niedersachsische SUB 8 Philos 88 Septimo jam exacto Göttingen Niedersachsische SUB 8 Philos 88 Responsuri Göttingen Niedersachsische SUB 8 Philos 88 Solent plerique Göttingen Niedersachsische SUB 8 Philos. 88 Cum bellum hodie Göttweig Stiftsbibl. 360 Cum bellum hodie Halle Universitätsbibl. Stolb.-Wern. Za 74 Cum bellum hodie Halle Universitätsbibl. Ye 2 18 Cum bellum hodie London British Libr. Harley 4913 Habuisti dilecta filia London British Libr. Harley 5255 Cum bellum hodie London British Libr. Phillips 276-8504 Oratio Lucca Arch. di Stato Pp. 225-227 Cum bellum hodie Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 541 Responsuri Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 541 Audivi Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Si quis me roget Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Non est apud me Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Est mihi non parum Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Fateor Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Moyses vir Dei Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Sentio Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Si mihi Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Optasset Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 In hoc florentissimo Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Vocati estis Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Est mihi non parum Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Aderat nuper München Bayerische Staatsbibl. clm 05311 Per me reges regnant Paris Bibl. Nationale Italien 409 Christiani reges Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1692 Magna pars vestrum Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Exposcebat haud dubie Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Advenisse te citius Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Ingentes vobis / Fatemur Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Constantinopolitana clades Luzern Zentralbibl. 320 Oratio Madrid Arch. Hist. Universitário 140 Fateor Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Moyses vir Dei Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Quamvis omnibus Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Sentio Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Constantinopolitana clades Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Optasset Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Constantinopolitana München Bayerische Staatsbibl. clm 05395 Responsuri Paris Bibl. Nationale Latin 04314 Subjectam esse Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1692 clades Quamvis omnibus München Bayerische Staatsbibl. clm 08482 Cum bellum hodie Paris Bibl. Nationale Latin 04314 Quotiens nova Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1692 Si putarem München Bayerische Staatsbibl. clm 14134 Constantinopolitana clades München Bayerische Staatsbibl. clm 15183 Constantinopolitana Paris Bibl. Nationale Latin 04314 Clarae atque illustres Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1692 clades Non habet me dubium Paris Bibl. Nationale Latin 04314 Si sacrosancto Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1692 Constantinopolitana clades München Bayerische Staatsbibl. clm 15774 Advenisti tandem Paris Bibl. Nationale Latin 05565A Claritudo sanguinis Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1692 Si loqui possent Paris Bibl. Nationale Latin 05565A Fatemur insignes Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1692 Responsuri Madrid Bibl. de Palacio 3581 Cum bellum hodie Madrid Bibl. Nacional 4026 Orationes (3) Madrid Bibl. Nacional 6237 Oratio Mainz Bibl. des B. Priestersem. 848 Cum bellum hodie Mainz Stadtbibliothek II 437 fasc. 5 Advenisti tandem Manchester John Rylands Libr. Lat. 347 Si loqui possent Manchester John Rylands Libr. Lat. 347 Oratio Manchester University Libr. 3 f 32 Si mihi Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Solent plerique Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Aderat nuper München Bayerische Staatsbibl. clm 18802 Superioribus diebus München Staatsbibl. clm 14111 Constantinopolitana clades Paris Bibl. Nationale Latin 05565A Quamvis non dubitamus Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1692 Vocati estis Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1692 In hoc florentissimo / Ast. Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Superioribus diebus München Staatsbibl. clm 215 Cum bellum hodie Paris Bibl. Nationale Latin 05565A Per me reges regnant Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Magna pars vestrum Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1692 In hoc florentissimo Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Cum bellum hodie Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Advenisti tandem München Staatsbibl. clm 215 Non est apud me München Staatsbibl. clm 3586 Quamvis omnibus Paris Bibl. Nationale Latin 06225 De regno Siciliae Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Exposcebat haud dubie Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1692 Constantinopolitana clades Paris Bibl. Nationale Latin 07808 Dominatorem caeli Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Advenisse te citius Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1692 Responsuri Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Non est apud me München Staatsbibl. clm 512 Advenisti tandem Paris Bibl. Nationale Latin 13079 Pius et misericors Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Advenisti tandem Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. Lat. 17 Septimo jam exacto Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Cum bellum hodie München Universitätsbibliothek 667 Si loqui possent Paris Bibl. Nationale Latin 13079 Fabricator mundi Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Cum bellum hodie Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1808 Catherinam Senensem Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Responsuri Napoli Bibl. Nazionale V F 6 Reponsuri Paris Bibl. Nationale Latin 18130 Placuit audisse Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Habuisti dilecta filia Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1813 Responsuri Napoli Fond. Benedetto Croce XCV B 19 Habuisti dilecta filia Paris Bibl. Nationale NAL 1703 Britones hodie Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Advenisti tandem Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 2009 Habuisti dilecta filia Heidelberg Universitätsbibl. Pal. Lat. 454 Cum bellum hodie Holkham Hall Libr. of the E. of Leicester 484 Oratio / French amb. Holkham Hall Libr. of the E. of Leicester 484 Oratio Holkham Hall Libr. of the E. of Leicester 487 Quam laetus quamque Krakow Bibl. Jagiellonska 42 Advenisti tandem Krakow Bibl. Jagiellonska 682 Si loqui possent Krakow Bibl. Jagiellonska 682 Oratio Kremsmünster Stiftsbibl. 149 Advenisti tandem Köln Hist. Arch. der Stadt Köln GB 4 218 Orationes (2) Legnano Bibl. Privata B. Melzi 2 Cum bellum hodie Leiden Universiteitsbibl. BPL 2011 Oratio / French amb. Leiden Universiteitsbibl. 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Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Oratio / Ad Alfonsum V New Haven Yale University Libr. Marston 171 Habuisti dilecta filia Parma Bibl. Palatina Parm. 1526 Omnes ferme Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Catherinam Senensem Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 82 Res bohemicas Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 In hoc florentissimo Mantova Bibl. Communale 100 Superioribus diebus Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Oratio New York H.P. Kraus Phillips Mss 5128 Cum bellum hodie Pavia Bibl. Universitaria 164 Conversa in nos Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Habuisti dilecta filia Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Boncomp. F 7 De regno siciliae Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Est mihi non parum Mantova Bibl. Communale 100 Modestius Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Oratio New York H.P. Kraus Phillips Mss 7628 Modestius Piacenza Bibl. Com. Passerini-Land. Landi 67 Christiani reges Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Responsuri Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Boncomp. F 7 Catherinam Senensem Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Fateor Mantova Bibl. Communale 100 Res bohemicas Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Solent plerique New York Phyllis G. Gordan Libr. 33 Cum bellum hodie Pommersfelden Schönborn Schlossbibl. 102 VII, 38 Subjectam esse Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Si mihi Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Chis. J.V.175, pars II Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Dominatorem caeli Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Pius et misericors Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Fabricator mundi Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Placuit audisse Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Britones hodie Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Omnes ferme Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Quamvis non sine Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Conversa in nos Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Christiani reges Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Subjectam esse Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Quotiens nova Lucca Bibl. Capitolare Feliniana 544 Moyses vir Dei Mantova Bibl. Communale 100 Quamvis omnibus Mantova Bibl. Communale 100 Sentio Mantova Bibl. Communale 100 Constantinopolitana clades Mantova Bibl. Communale 100 Optasset Mantova Bibl. Communale 100 Si mihi Mantova Bibl. Communale 100 In hoc florentissimo / Ast. Mantova Bibl. Communale 100 In hoc florentissimo Mantova Bibl. Communale 100 In hoc florentissimo / Fre. Mantova Bibl. Communale 100 Modestius Mantova Bibl. Communale 100 Solent plerique Mantova Bibl. Communale 100 Res bohemicas Mantova Bibl. Communale 100 Cum bellum hodie Mantova Bibl. Communale 100 Responsuri Mantova Bibl. Communale 100 De regno siciliae Mantova Bibl. Communale 100 Catherinam Senensem Mantova Bibl. Communale 100 Per me reges regnant Mantova Bibl. Communale 100 Advenisti tandem Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Si loqui possent Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana I 97 Inf Cum bellum hodie Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana L 69 Sup Audivi / Etsi Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana M 44 sup Cum bellum hodie Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana Sussidio B 226 Cum bellum hodie Milano Bibl. Ambrosiana T 12 sup Cum bellum hodie Milano Bibl. Naz. Braidense AD IX 14 Cum bellum hodie Milano Bibl. Naz. Braidense AE XII 10 Ut apertum vobis Milano Bibl. Trivulziana 765 Magna pars vestrum Milano Bibl. Trivulziana 765 Si putarem München Bayerische Staatsbibl. clm 00070 Quamvis omnibus München Bayerische Staatsbibl. clm 00070 Non habet me dubium München Bayerische Staatsbibl. clm 00070 Solent plerique München Bayerische Staatsbibl. clm 00070 Moyses vir Dei München Bayerische Staatsbibl. clm 00070 Aderat nuper München Bayerische Staatsbibl. clm 00215 Tritum est sermone München Bayerische Staatsbibl. clm 00519 Constantinopolitana clades München Bayerische Staatsbibl. clm 00519 Solent plerique Padova Bibl. del Seminario 84 Dominatorem caeli Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1692 Oratio Oxford Bodleian Libr. Lat. misc. e. 81 Ingentes vobis gratias Roma Accademia dei Lincei Corsinianus 147 Responsuri Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1692 Cum bellum hodie Oxford Bodleian Libr. Bibl. Canonice Cl. 51 Per me reges regnant Roma Accademia dei Lincei 692 Cum bellum hodie Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Si loqui possent Ottobeuren Klosterbibl. Cod. O. 22 Cum bellum hodie Roma Accademia dei Lincei 691 Catherinam Senensem Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Advenisti tandem Ottobeuren Klosterbibl. Cod. O. 22 De regno Siciliae Roma Accademia dei Lincei 691 Si loqui possent Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Advenisti tandem Olmütz Wiss. Staatsbibl. Cod. M I 60 Superioribus diebus Regensburg Bibl. des Kollegiatstiftes … 1884 Advenisti tandem Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Cum bellum hodie Nürnberg Stadtbibliothek Cent. V, App. 448 Oratio Ravenna Bibl. Classense 284 Advenisse te citius Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Superioribus diebus Nürnberg Stadtbibliothek Cent. V, App. 15 Si loqui possent Ravenna Bibl. Classense 121 Exposcebat haud dubie Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Cum bellum hodie Nürnberg Stadtbibliothek Cent. V, App. 15 Advenisti tandem Ravenna Bibl. Classense 121 Magna pars vestrum Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Eruditissime Nürnberg Stadtbibliothek Cent. V, App. 15 Superioribus diebus Prag Státní knihovna I G 34 Vocati estis Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Dilectissime Nürnberg Stadtbibliothek Cent. V, App. 15 Optasset Prag Státní knihovna I G 34 Quamvis non dubitamus Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Solent plerique Nürnberg Stadtbibliothek Cent. V, App. 15 Si mihi Prag Státní knihovna I F 8 Fatemur insignes Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Optasset Nürnberg Stadtarchiv Reichsst. Nürnberg ... Non est apud me Nürnberg Stadtbibliothek Cent. V, App. 15 Optasset Prag Státní knihovna I F 8 Quamvis non sine /Satisf. Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 clades Nürnberg Stadtbibliothek Cent. V, App. 15 Solent plerique Prag Bibl. Metrop. L. LXIV Claritudo sanguinis Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Constantinopolitana Orationes / Mantua Prag Arch. Prazského Hradu Lat. G XX Vetus majorum Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Cum bellum hodie Novara Bibl. Capitolare 124 mb 15, nr. 2 Optasset Prag Arch. Prazského Hradu Lat. G XX Si sacrosancto Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Orationes Notre Dame Univ. of Notre Dame Libr. 30 Cum bellum hodie Notre Dame Univ. of Notre Dame Libr. 30 Constantinopolitana Si mihi Prag Arch. Prazského Hradu Lat. G XX Clarae atque illustres Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 clades Prag Arch. Prazského Hradu Lat. G XX Quotiens nova Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Barb. lat. 1499 Audivi Roma Bibl.	186 128r-149v 245r-253v 127v-129v 999r-999v 145r-150v 255r-260v 046r-080r 312r-313r 238r-242r 055r-063v 043r-046v 012r-039v 999r-999v 999r-999v 999r-999v 050v-065r 047v-050v 065v-079v 151v-156r 011r-021r 125r-144v 166r-170r 166r-170v 999r-999v 189r-203v 302r-312v 010v-011r 133r-134v 999r-999v 034r-046v 126r-129v 999r-999v 999r-999v 001r-017v 020r-043v 085r-091r 999r-999v 115r-116v 356r-395r 112r-182v 084v-098v 178r-178r 056r-066v 017v-018r 261r-269v 067r-068r 001r-016v 050v-054v 001r-044v 069r-070v 178r-179r 015r-023v 178v-186r 067r-067v 179r-180r 016v-045r 055r-055v 146r-157r 071r-074v 999r-999v 999r-999v 038r-038v 087r-097v 173r-201r 999r-999v 136v-140r 002r-015v 016r-031r 031v-039r 039v-048v 084r-0105v 108r-131v 120r-120v 030v-041r 099r-104r 999r-999v 999r-999v 001r-999v 174r-182v 182v-186r 999r-999v 109r-119v 006r-007r 999r-999v 999r-999v 050r-055r 141r-150v 999r-999v 999r-999v 031v-999v 019r-028v 001r-018v 001r-010r 010r-020v 020v-022v 037r-053v 246r-254v 035r-055v 066v-083v 022v-023v 381v-999v 999r-999v 024r-038r 084r-086v 098r-099r 120r-121v 122r-126v 136r-163r 007r-014v 134v-141v 001r-006v 082r-091v 023v-024r 999r-999v 999r-999v 158r-167v 167r-181v 002v-017r 017v-024r 024r-051r 051r-053v 054r-058v 058v-062v 062v-095r 095r-101v 101v-103r 103r-112r 045r-047v 157v-165v 157v-175r 075r-076v 180r-180r 180r-181r 181r-182v 182v-183v 183v-186v 168r-171v 047v-052v 053v-057v 057v-061v 061v-095r 093r-106v 106v-108v 102v-113v 001r-034v 077r-080r 113r-134v 081r-084r 097r-100v 282v-289v 135r-158v 085r-085v 183r-194r 086r-089r 081r-091v 090r-092v 010v-012v 144r-160v 093r-094v 033v-034v 999r-999v 999r-999v 012r-018v 999r-999v 061r-076v 001r-010v 999r-999v 999r-999v 080r-089v 108v-113r 138v-142v 169r-171v 095r-098r 041r-070v 099r-099v 115r-120v 237r-238v 071r-098v 006r-018r 100r-101v 120v-122r 122r-131v 268r-268r 169r-189v 002r-006r 018v-027v 102r-105v 070r-078r 028r-034r 106r-108v 131v-142v 329v-342r 999r-999v 034v-036r 031r-032r 142v-159v 112r-124v 999r-999v 036v-040v 001r-999v 160r-164v 001r-054v 102r-132v 041r-046v 002r-002r 172v-176v 002v-032v 195r-197v 047r-049r 001r-002v 239v-344r 999r-999v 001r-999v 999r-999v 043r-044v 083r-083v 999r-999v 999r-999v 001r-012r 156v-157r 211r-247v 090r-098v 113r-123v 999r-999v 999r-999v 080v-082v 230r-237v 038r-041v 999r-999v 999r-999v 185r-201v 210r-221r 070v-078v 001v-019v 176v-182v 084r-999v 001r-029r 049v-050v 999r-999v 112r-115v 019v-055v 182v-186v 999r-999v 047v-047v 050v-052v 263r-999v 115v-117r 055v-069r 186v-190r 999r-999v 150r-158r 052v-055v 004v-004v 117r-131v 071r-074v 190r-191v 999r-999v 107r-109r 056r-057v 005r-023r 131v-135r 074v-081r 191v-208r 135v-140r 105r-127v 057r-060r 095v-102r 135r-139r 154v-160v 161r-163r 163v-164r 164r-165v 165v-168r 168r-169r 169r-169v 169v-170r 170r-171v 171v-172r 172r-173r 173r-174r 081r-087r 087r-092v 092v-138v 138v-154v 155r-157v 157v-167r 167r-169r 169r-183v 183v-188v 189r-191r 191r-198v 198v-222r 223r-238v 238v-262v 262v-268r 268r-274r 274r-284v 212r-212v 220r-220v 028r-045v 002r-016v 036r-043r 045r-051v 087r-100v 022r-036v 058r-059r 001r-044r 080r-083r 999r-999v 824r-829r 171r-194r 062r-066r 128v-129r 815r-823r 162r-170r 396v-399r 128r-128v 811r-814r 157r-158v 393v-396v 055v-057r 999r-999v 139r-141r 365r-368v 253r-999r 062r-092v 084r-086r 362r-364v 278v-280v 999r-999v 080v-083v 277v-285v 253v-260r 999r-999v 078v-080r 060r-060v 252v-253r 106r-112v 077v-078r 046v-049r 248r-249v 112v-116r 075r-077v 088v-098v 222v-225v 147r-150v 073v-074v 056r-075v 107r-108r 189r-212r 206r-208r 072v-073r 145v-155r 999r-999v 071r-072v 456v-478r 067v-070v 102r-999v 999r-999v 206r-208r 064v-067v 002r-016v 168r-173v 185r-193v 190v-197r 063v-064r 151v-166r 060r-063r	* * * * * * * *

Apostolica Vaticana Chis. J.VI.211 001r-014v Si quis me roget Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Chis. J.VI.211 014v-021r Non est apud me Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Chis. J.VI.211 021r-047r Est mihi non parum Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Chis. J.VI.211 047r-050r Fateor Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Chis. J.VI.211 050r-054v Moyses vir Dei

	In hoc florentissimo / Ast.	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Chis. J.VIII.286	169r-171r
	In hoc florentissimo	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Chis. J.VIII.286	171v-185v
	In hoc florentissimo / Fre.	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Chis. J.VIII.286	185v-191v
	Modestius	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Chis. J.VIII.286	191v-193v
		Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Chis. J.VI.211	054v-058v
	Quamvis omnibus	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Chis. J.VI.211	058v-062v
	Sentio	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Chis. J.VI.211	062v-094v
	Constantinopolitana clades	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Chis. J.VI.211	094v-105v
	Si mihi	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Chis. J.VI.211	105v-112r
	Optasset	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Chis. J.VI.211	112r-113v
	In hoc florentissimo	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Chis. J.VI.211	113v-123r
	In hoc florentissimo / Fre.	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Chis. J.VI.211	123r-126v

Solent plerique Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Chis. J.VIII.286 193v-202r Res bohemicas Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Chis. J.VIII.286 202r-226v Cum bellum hodie Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Chis. J.VIII.286 226v-242r Responsuri Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Chis. J.VIII.286 242v-267r De regno siciliae Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Chis. J.VIII.286 267r-273r

	Constantinopolitana clades	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Ottobon. lat. 1510	012r-017v
	Cum bellum hodie	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Ottobon. lat. 1705	134r-146r
	Responsuri	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Ottobon. lat. 1934	032r-045v
	Responsuri	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Ottobon. lat. 2080	309r-316v
	Constantinopolitana clades	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Ottobon. lat. 3009	073r-085v
	Fateor	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Pal. lat. 0598	148v-153v
	Quamvis grandes materias	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Pal. lat. 0598	154v-158v
	Moyses vir Dei	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Palat. lat. 0598	159r-161v
	Si ea quae justa	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Palat. lat. 0603	199r-204v
	Si quis me roget	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Palat. lat. 0603	204v-209r
	Cum bellum hodie	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Reg. lat. 0557	098r-112v
	Prius sanctissime praesul Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Reg. lat. 1995	015r-015v
	Ingentes vobis gratias	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Reg. lat. 1995	088v-090r
	Magna pars vestrum / Spe.	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Reg. lat. 1995	116r-117r
	Septimo jam exacto / Oct.	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Reg. lat. 1995	174r-175r
	Messis quidem	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Reg. lat. 1995	182v-183v
	Vocati estis / Maxima	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Reg. lat. 1995	186r-186v
	Flentem et admodum	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Reg. lat. 1995	218v-220r
	Ingentes vobis	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Reg. lat. 1995	230v-235r
	Pone lacrimas	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Reg. lat. 1995	324r-325v
	Existimatis fortasse	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Reg. lat. 1995	345v-348r
	Advenisti tandem	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Reg. lat. 1995	353r-354v
	Si loqui possent	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Reg. lat. 1995	364v-365r
	Munera quae attulistis	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Reg. lat. 1995	394v-395v
	Quaecumque rogat	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Reg. lat. 1995	472v-475v
	Habemus fidem	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Reg. lat. 1995	513v-513v
	Catherinam Senensem	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Chis. J.VIII.286	273r-279r
	Per me reges regnant	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Chis. J.VIII.286	279r-288r
	Superioribus diebus	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Chis. J.VIII.286	288r-293v
	Ingentes vobis	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Chis. J.VIII.286	293v-299r
	Si mihi	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Ottobon. lat. 0347	074r-081r
	Sentio	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Ottobon. lat. 0347	174r-214r
	Cum bellum hodie	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Ottobon. lat. 0905	020r-027r
	Responsuri	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Ottobon. lat. 0905	054v-065v
	Superioribus diebus	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Ottobon. lat. 0905	065v-067v
	Cum bellum hodie	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Ottobon. lat. 1170	291r-306r
	Grave illis	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Ottobon. lat. 1170	313r-315r
	Mirabitur fortassis	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Ottobon. lat. 1170	319v-324r
	Responsuri	Roma	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana	Ottobon. lat. 1170	327r-349r

Senatu intercedente Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Reg. lat. 1995 515v-516v Expectatis Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Reg. lat. 1995 561v-563r Si essemus Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Reg. lat. 1995 564v-567r Sextus agitur annus Roma Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Reg. lat. 1995 567r-574v

  Concerning the principles for dealing with orthography used in the present edition, see the Collected Orations of Pope Pius II, vol. 1, ch. 9.

	Constantinopolitana clades Cum bellum hodie Quamvis in hoc senatu Moyses vir Dei Per me reges regnant Superioribus diebus III. ORTHOGRAPHICAL PROFILES Siena Bibl. Com. d. Intronati Siena Bibl. Com. d. Intronati Venezia Bibl. Marciana Venezia Bibl. Marciana Wien Österreich. Nationalbibl. Wien Österreich. Nationalbibl.	H IX 12 H IX 14 Lat. XI 080 (3057) Lat. XI 080 (3057) Ser. Nova, 12709, II Ser. Nova, 12709, II	018r-036v 001r-027v 308v-309v 309v-312r 096v-099v 099v-0101r
	Si mihi Quamvis omnibus Cum bellum hodie Oratio Oratio Advenisti tandem Responsuri Constantinopolitana clades Orationes	Siena Venezia Wien Siena Siena Venezia Venezia Wilhering Wolffenbüttel	Bibl. Com. d. Intronati Bibl. Marciana Österreich. Nationalbibl. Bibl. Com. d. Intronati Bibl. Com. d. Intronati Bibl. Marciana Bibl. Marciana Stiftsbibl. Herzog August Bibliothek	H IX 21 Lat. XI 080 (3057) Ser. Nova, 12709, II R VII 11 T III 1 Lat. XI 083 (4360) Lat. XI 106 (4363) IX 67 857	314r-316v 101r-106v 042v-048r 999r-999v 172v-172v 197r-198r 232r-241r 023r-046r 999r-999v
	Per me reges regnant Cum bellum hodie Per me reges regnant De regno siciliae Catherinam Senensem Constantinopolitana clades Sentio Superioribus diebus Cum bellum hodie Responsuri Advenisti tandem Responsuri Habuisti dilecta filia Cum bellum hodie Solent plerique Cum bellum hodie Orationes Aderat nuper Moyses vir Dei Cum bellum hodie Orationes Habuisti dilecta filia Oratio / French amb. Solent plerique Ecce ecce Superioribus diebus Advenisti tandem Moyses vir Dei Oratio Cum bellum hodie Cum bellum hodie Et breviter me hodie Orationes Advenisti tandem Responsuri Constantinopolitana clades	Roma Roma Roma Roma Roma Solothurn Venezia Wolffenbüttel Strängnäs Venezia Wolffenbüttel Strängnäs Venezia Wroclaw Strängnäs Venezia Wroclaw Szombathely Venezia Wroclaw Torino Venezia Wroclaw Torino Venezia Wroclaw Torino Venezia Wroclaw Torino Venezia Wroclaw Torino Venezia Venezia Wroclaw	Bibl. Casanatense Bibl. Casanatense Bibl. Casanatense Bibl. Casanatense Bibl. Casanatense Zentralbibl. Bibl. Marciana Herzog August Bibliothek Domkyrkobiblioteket Bibl. Marciana Herzog August Bibliothek Domkyrkobiblioteket Bibl. Marciana Bibl. Uniw. (Rehdigeriana) Domkyrkobiblioteket Bibl. Marciana Bibl. Uniw. (Rehdigeriana) Egyházmegyei Könyvtár … Bibl. Marciana Bibl. Uniw. (Rehdigeriana) Arch. di Stato Bibl. Marciana Bibl. Uniw. (Rehdigeriana) Bib. Nazionale Bibl. Marciana Bibl. Uniw. (Rehdigeriana) Bibl. Nazionale Bibl. Marciana Bibl. Uniw. (Rehdigeriana) Bibl. Reale Bibl. Marciana Bibl. Zakladu Narodwego… Bibl. Reale Bibl. Marciana Bibl. Marciana Bibl. Zakladu Narodwego…	1549 4310 4310 4310 4310 S I 177, pars I Lat. XIV 001 (4266) Guelph. 299.1 7 Lat. XIV 001 (4266) Guelph. 299.1. 7 Lat. XIV 128 (4333) 376 7 Lat. XIV 219 (4631) 707 8 Lat. XIV 228 (4498) I F 157 Cat (1982) Mongardino J b IX 15 Lat. XIV 228 (4498) I F 157 Cat (1982) H III 8 Lat. XIV 228 (4498) IV 78 H III 8 Lat. XIV 246 (4683) IV 78 Fondo Varia 134 Lat. XIV 246 (4683) 601 Fondo varia 163 Lat. XIV 265 (4501) Lat. XIV 265 (4501) 601	021v-046r 108v-124r 124r-132r 132r-138v 139r-144v 042r-095r 041r-042v 170r-181v 101r-116r 032r-032v 174r-179v 154r-155v 100r-112v 180r-187r 015r-026v 999r-999v 198r-200v 188v-201r 043r-056v 999r-999v 270r-270r 999r-999v 096r-096v 390r-390v 381v-999v 126v-132v 238r-253r 999r-999v 201r-201v 238r-253r 024v-026r 183v-196r 000r-000v 060r-061r 062r-085r 360r-365r
	Advenisti tandem Si loqui possent Cum bellum hodie Ecce ecce Habuisti dilecta filia Constantinopolitana clades Advenisti tandem Solent plerique	Roma Roma Torino Venezia Zaragoza Trento Venezia Zürich	Bibl. Casanatense Bibl. Casanatense Bibl. Reale Bibl. Marciana Bibl. Capitolar de la Seo Bibl Capitolare Bibl. Marciana Zentralbibl.	4310 4310 Fondo Varia 163 Lat. XIV 265 (4501) 15-85 86 Lat. XIV 266 266	163r-163v 172v-173r 071v-084v 104r-104v 142v-143r 135v-146r 111r-112r 113r-115v
	Cum bellum hodie Quamvis omnibus Ecce ecce	Roma Trento Venezia	Bibl. Naz. Centrale VE Bibl. Capitolare Bibl. Marciana	492 86 Lat. XIV 267 (4344)	153r-168r 130v-135v 049r-049r
	Advenisti tandem Si loqui possent Quamvis grandes Responsuri materias Moyses vir Dei Oratio	Roma Roma Trento Venezia Trento Venezia	Bibl. Naz. Centrale VE Bibl. Naz. Centrale VE Bibl. Capitolare Bibl. Marciana Bibl. Communale Bibl. Marciana	492 492 86 Lat. XIV 267 (4344) 109 W Lat. XIV 295 (4348)	172v-173v 184v-184v 146r-150v 049r-999v 100r-104r 999r-999v
	Per me reges regnant Habuisti dilecta filia Oratio	Roma Trier Venezia	Bibl. Naz. Centrale VE Bibl. des Priesterseminars Bibl. Marciana	492 44 Lat. Zan. 496 (1688)	186v-195r 133r-134r 216r-999v
	De regno siciliae Habuisti dilecta filia Oratio	Roma Trieste Venezia	Bibl. Naz. Centrale VE Bibl. Civica A. Hortis Museo Civico Corner	492 II 05 1390	195r-200v 045r-045r 999r-999v
	Catherinam Senensem Oratio Oratio Constantinopolitana clades Tritum est sermone	Roma Roma Venezia Trieste Vorau	Bibl. Naz. Centrale VE Bibl. Naz. Centrale VE Museo Civico Corner Bibl. Civica A. Hortis Stiftsbibl.	492 515 Cicogna 183 (3341) II 05 35	200v-206v 999r-999v 999r-999v 045v-056v 175r-178r
	Cum bellum hodie Quamvis omnibus Advenisti tandem	Roma Trieste Washington	Biblioteca Vallicelliana Bibl. Civica A. Hortis Folger Shakespeare Libr.	G 47 II 05 V.a. 108	092r-099r 063v-067r 002r-002v
	Advenisti tandem Solent plerique Superioribus diebus	Roma Trieste Weimar	Biblioteca Vallicelliana Bibl. Civica A. Hortis Herz. Anna Amalia Bibl.	H 28 II 05 Q 45	141r-141v 094v-100v 249r-250v
	Aderat nuper Constantinopolitana clades Superioribus diebus Cum bellum hodie Constantinopolitana clades Cum bellum hodie Orationes / Mantua Constantinopolitana Responsuri Quamvis in hoc senatu clades Cum bellum hodie Non est apud me Moyses vir dei	Roma Saint Omer Trieste Trieste Wien Trieste Wien Salamanca Trieste Wien Salamanca Trieste Wien	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Bibl. Municipale Bibl. Civica A. Hortis Bibl. Civica A. Hortis Dominikanerkloster Bibl. Civica A. Hortis Dominikanerkloster Bibl. Universitaria Bibl. Civica A. Hortis Österreich. Nationalbibl. Bibl. Universitaria Bibl. Civica A. Hortis Österreich. Nationalbibl.	Ross. lat. 786 766 II 05 II 05 235/293 II 10 235/293 19 II 10 3420 2619 II 13 3420	052r-057r 132r-136r 054r-073r 025r-034v 999r-999v 156r-200r 021r-047r 158r-165v 072r-109v 160r-161v 105v-113v 001r-043r 161v-165v
	Catherinam Senensem Sentio Solent plerique Responsuri Oratio Quamvis omnibus Oratio Constantinopolitana clades	Roma Roma Salzburg Salzburg Tübingen Wien Tübingen Wien	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Stiftsbibl. Sankt Peter Stiftsbibl. Sankt Peter Universitätsbibl. Österreich. Nationalbibl. Universitätsbibl. Österreich. Nationalbibl.	Rossianus lat. 771 Urbi. lat. 401 b VIII 15 b VIII 15 Mc 282 3420 Mc 282 3420	999r-999v 220r-263r 084r-091r 098v-120r 167r-170v 178r-180v 242r-257v 172v-178r
	Responsuri Cum bellum hodie Advenisti tandem Cum bellum hodie	Roma Salzburg Uppsala Wien	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Stiftsbibl. Sankt Peter Universitetsbibl. Österreich. Nationalbibl.	Urbin. lat. 1028, t. 1 b VIII 15 C 687 3449	107r-119r 120r-132v 078r-078v 078r-087r
	Per me reges regnant Dilectissime Aderat nuper Petivistis ex Caesare	Roma Salzburg Uppsala Wien	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Stiftsbibl. Sankt Peter Universitetsbibl. Österreich. Nationalbibl.	Urbin. lat. 1028, t. 1 b VIII 15 C 916 3471	119r-139r 144v-146r 151v-155v 013r-013v
	Si mihi Advenisti tandem Si loqui possent Eruditissime Magna pars vestrum Solent plerique Constantinopolitana Superioribus diebus clades Superioribus diebus Constantinopolitana clades Superioribus diebus	Roma Roma Roma Salzburg Salzburg Schlägl Utrecht Wien Wien Utrecht Wien	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Stiftsbibl. Sankt Peter Stiftsbibl. Sankt Peter Stiftsbibl. Universiteitsbibl. Österreich. Nationalbibl. Österreich. Nationalbibl. Universiteitsbibl. Österreich. Nationalbibl.	Urbin. lat. 401 Urbin. lat. 406 Urbin. lat. 406 b VIII 15 b VIII 15 Cpl. 54 385 4453 4704 1.L.2 4764	095r-104v 047r-047v 053r-053v 177v-180v 188r-189r 102r-107r 999r-999v 248r-258r 999r-999v 492r-512v 181v-184v
	Ut apertum vobis Magna pars vestrum Si mihi Sentio Audivi Non est apud me Est mihi non parum Quamvis omnibus Quid est Sentio Modestius Constantinopolitana clades Advenisti tandem Audivi / Magnae Superioribus diebus Si loqui possent Constantinopolitana clades Superioribus diebus Constantinopolitana clades Solent plerique Constantinopolitana clades Advenisti tandem Solent plerique Responsuri Quamvis omnibus Cum bellum hodie Constantinopolitana clades	Roma Roma Roma Roma Roma Roma Roma Schlägl Sémur Venezia Venezia Wien Sevilla Venezia Wien Sevilla s'Gravenhage Wien Venezia Venezia Wien Siena Siena Venezia Wien Venezia Wien	Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Bibl. Apostolica Vaticana Stiftsbibl. Bibl. Publique Bibl. Marciana Bibl. Marciana Österreich. Nationalbibl. Bibl. Cap. y Colombina Bibl. Marciana Österreich. Nationalbibl. Bibl. Cap. y Colombina Koninlijke Bibl. Österreich. Nationalbibl. Bibl. Marciana Bibl. Marciana Österreich. Nationalbibl. Bibl. Com. d. Intronati Bibl. Com. d. Intronati Bibl. Marciana Österreich. Nationalbibl. Bibl. Marciana Österreich. Nationalbibl.	Urbin. lat. 628 Urbin. lat. 628 Vat. lat. 01787 Vat. lat. 01787 Vat. lat. 01788 Vat. lat. 01788 Vat. lat. 01788 Cpl. 54 39 Lat. IV 091 (2105) Lat. X 250 (3733) 8847 5.5.19 Lat. XI 077 (4193) 11843 5.5.19 71 E 62 13760 Lat. XI 077 (4193) Lat. XI 077 (4193) 13005 (Suppl. 214) B V 40 H IX 12 Lat. XI 077 (4193) Ser. Nova, 12709, II Lat. XI 080 (3057) Ser. Nova, 12709, II	147r-150v 155r-999v 087r-096v 214v-261r 001r-017v 017v-047r 047r-050r 167r-170v 189r-265r 093v-095r 010r-035v 134v-136v 999r-999v 027r-065r 295r-295v 295r-295v 999r-999v 067r-095r 096r-108v 001r-010r 009r-014r 063v-065v 001r-014r 067r-068v 109r-135r 251v-259v 070r-076r

Bibliothèque du Grand Seminaire / 6. H 6

  Andaganensis / Andeganensis / Andagavensis. Ariopagita. Atrabatensis. Boetia. Bossonensis. Brundusium. Federicus/ Fredericus. Franchus. Gedeon. Gothifridus. Jerosolima. Lothoringia. Machometes / Machometus / Mahumetes. Mecha. Mysia. Nicepharus. Piceninus (Piccinino). Ptolomais. Salamon. Sanson. Turchydidus (Tuchydidus). Walacchi Australis. Baldavinus. Borgundia. Bossina. Catelina. Cloacia. Corradus. Dimelmia (Dunelmia). Federicus/Fredericus. Frankofordia. Gotefredus/Gotfredus. Heyzingher/Ayzhenger. Ligurgus. Machometus/Maumethus. Monesteriensis. Rochezana. Rodolfus. Sarracenus. Sogdoma. Stiria. Theodoricus. Theotones. Utices (Eutyches). Vilhelmus. Wirtenbergensis. Aquilegia. Borgundia. Bossina. Calistus. Carlomanus. Dimelmia (Dunelmia). Gotefridus. Ayzingher. Hierosolyma. Jepta. Lothoringia. Maumethus/Maumethes. Nicepharus. Ptolomais. Rodolfus/Rodolphus. Rochezana. Sanson. Theodoricus. Theucer. Ualacchi. Ulyxes. Utices (Eutyces). Vilhelmus. Wirtenbergensis Almania. Borgundia. Bossenensis. Bossina. Calistus. Carlomanus. Cathelina. Cloacia. Corradus. Frankofordia. Fredericus/Federicus. Gotfredus. Heyzingher/Azingher. Jerosolyma. Ligurgus/Lygurgus. Lodovicus. Lothoringia. Maumethus/Mahumethes. Nicepharus. Ptolomais. Rassia. Rochezana. Rodolfus. Ulixes. Utices (Eutyches). Walacchi Bossenensis. Bossina. Calistus. Carlomanus. Cathelina. Cloatia. Corradus. Dumelnia (Dunelmia). Frankfordia. Gotfredus/Gothefridus. Ligurgus. Lothoringia. Luzenburgensis. Mahumethus/Maumethus/Mahumetes/Mahumethes. Mathusalem. Monesteriensis. Nicepharus. Ptolomais. Rassia. Rodolph/fus. Ulixes. Utices (Eutyches). Ualacchia. Wirtenbergensis

	Admont / Stiftsbibliothek / 535 deasp. (e.g. exibere; Adrianus; Ungaria) dupl. (e.g. aufferi; Allexander; Pollonia) dedupl. (e.g. diferre) ci/ti (e.g. ocium) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) e/ae (e.g. que) hie-/je-(e.g. Hieronimus) i/j (e.g. ius) i/ji (e.g. subicere) i/y (e.g. sinodus) ihe-/je-(e.g. iherarchia; Iherosolima; Iheronimus) ii/i (e.g. hii) mpn/mn (e.g. dampnum) nq/mq (e.g. tanquam) ph/f (e.g. phas) ss/sc (e.g. conticessit) u/v (e.g. uolo) -ut/-ud (e.g. aput) v-/u-(e.g. vbi) y/i (e.g. ymago) Augumentum. Inclitus. Milia. Quatuor Apulea. Arrogonia. Carolomannus. Federicus. Iepte. Lodovicus. Lothoringia. Marcelleus (Martellus). Mahumetes. Nicefarus. Ptholomais. Regnatus. Sarracenus Basel / Universitätsbibliothek / A III 38 asp. (e.g. habundare) deasp. (e.g. exibere; Arpiae; Ungaria) dupl. (e.g. abacus) bst/st (e.g. substineo) ci/ti (e.g. ocium) ch/c (e.g. nichil) e/ae (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. coepit) i/j (e.g. ius) i/ii (e.g. hii) i/y (e.g. martir) mpn/mn (e.g. dampnum) v-/u-(e.g. vnus) y/i (e.g. ymago; Ytalia) Proch Ysaac Brno / Moravska Zemska Knihovna / Mk 96 c/ch (e.g. michi) ci/ti (e.g. alcius) e/ae (e.g. sepe) e/oe (e.g. obedientia) i/j (e.g. ius) ii/í (e.g. hii) ka-/ca-(e.g. Katholicus) mpn/mn (e.g. dampnum) n/m (e.g. unquam) u/v (e.g. reuoluo) -ud/-ut (e.g. velud) -ut/-ud (e.g. aput) v/u (e.g. vt) y/i or ii (e.g. ymitatio) x/sc (e.g. enitexit) Benivolus. Jocunditas. Lacrima. Milia. Cicilia/Cecilia. Iherorosolyma. Ihesus. Bruxelles / Bibliothèque Royale / 15564-67 asp. (e.g. habundus; Hetruria) deasp. (e.g. Adrianus; Idra) dupl. (e.g. legittimus; Pillatus; Attrebas) dedupl. (e.g. ancila) assimil. (e.g. assum) bst/st (e.g. substentare) c/qu (e.g. cotidie) ch/h (e.g. nichil) ci/ti (e.g. ocium; Brucii) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) e/ae (e.g. que; Judea) e/oe (e.g. obedire) gum/gm (e.g. augumentum) hie-/je-(e.g. Hieronimus; Hierosolima) i/j (e.g. ius) ii/i (e.g. hii) k/c (e.g. Katherina) mpn/mn (e.g. dampnum) nd/md (e.g. quendam) nq/mq (e.g. tanquam) o/u (e.g. Sigismondus) ph/f (e.g. phas) pt/bt (e.g. obtinere) quu/cu (e.g. quum) ti/ci (e.g. mendatium) u/v (e.g. uolo) v-/u-(e.g. vbi) y/i (e.g. hystoria; Hyldegarda; Ytalia) x/s (e.g. extimo) Quatuor. Spiritalis. Anagnia. Baldevinus. Bossenensis. Bracius. Calistus. Hierosolyma. Iepte. Lothoringia. Maumetes/ Maumethes. Nicepharus. Ptholomais. Rassia (Rascia). Sanson. Sathanas. Cambridge / University Library / Hh.1.7. (Solent plerique) asp. (e.g. habundantia; Turchus) deasp. (e.g. Boemia) ch/h (e.g. michi) ci/ti (e.g. justicia) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) e/ae (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) i/j (e.g. ius) i/y (e.g. tirannus) mpn/mn (contempnere) -ut/-ud (e.g. aput) v/u (e.g. ubi) y/i (e.g. ydolum; Ytalia) Inclitus. Quatuor. Septemtrio. Franckfordia/Franckfordensis. Maumethus. Theucer. Colmar / Bibliothèque Municipale / 407 (Solent plerique) asp. (e.g. habundus; Turchus) deasp. (e.g. aduc; Ungaria) dupl. cons. (e.g. legittimus) ch/h (e.g. michi; nichil) ci/ti (e.g. justicia) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) e/ae (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) k/c (e.g. Karolus) mp/mn (dampnum) y/i (e.g. sydus; Ytalia) Celum. Inclitus. Quatuor Federicus. Francfordia. Machometus/Maumetus. Sarrazenus. Firenze / Biblioteca Riccardiana / 346 asp. (e.g. Hernestus; Franchonia) deasp. (e.g. aduc; Oratius; Boemia) dupl. (e.g. deffensor) dedupl. (e.g. atenuo; Portugalia¸Tertulianus) assimil. (e.g. amministrare) ae/e (e.g. caeteri) ci/ti (e.g. amicicia) ct/tt (e.g. actinet) e/ae 187 (e.g. que) hie/je (e.g. Hieronymus) i/j (e.g. ius) i/y (e.g. papirus) k/c (e.g. katholicus; Karolus) mpn/mn (e.g. condempno) n/nm (e.g. solenitas) -ut/-ud (e.g. aput) y/i (e.g. ymmo; Hyspanus) Benivolentia. Concistorium. Inclitus. Jocundus. Quatuor Alemania. Borgundia. Federicus/Federigus. Karolus. Neapulis. Novergia (Norvegia). Rhodolfus. Scicilia (Sicilia) Göttingen / Niedersächsische Staats-und Universitätsbibliothek / 8 Philos 88 asp. (charitas) deasp. (e.g. Ungaria) dupl. (e.g. quottidie) ci/ti (e.g. ocium) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) e/ae 188 (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) hie/je (e.g. Hieroboam; Hierusalem) i/j (e.g. ius) ihe/je (e.g. Iherosolima) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) qu/c (e.g. loquutus) ti/ci (e.g. audatia; Gretia) y/i (e.g. dyabolus; Symon) Letania. Valitudo. asp. (e.g. cohercere; Hyrene) ch/h (e.g. nichil) ci/ti (e.g. justicia) ct/tt (e.g. actuli) e/ae 189 (e.g. que) e/oe 190 (e.g. obedire) i/j (e.g. ius) i/ji (e.g. reicere) i/y 191 (e.g. tirannus) ii/i (e.g. hii) ka-/ca-(Karolus) mpn/mn (e.g. dampnare) ph/f (e.g. nepharie) ti/ci (e.g. juditium) -ud/-ut (e.g. capud) -ut/-ud (e.g. aput) v-/u-(e.g. ubi) y/i (e.g. ymitare; Hyrene) Consil-(for Concil-). Inclitus. Sanxio Alcimena. Andagovensis. Arrogonia. Atrabatensis. Besancium (Byzantium). Cicilia (Sicilia). Durachiensis. Genuae (for Januae). Jepte. Lodovicus. Lotoringia. Machometus. Nycopharus. Parlamentum. Pictagoras. Pictininus (Piccininus). Rassianus (Rascianus). Regnatus (Renatus). Sarachenus. Tholomais (Ptolemais). London / British Library / Add 15336 asp. (e.g. cohercere; Nicholaus; Hetruria; Thurcus/Turchus) deasp. (e.g. ortor; Ungaria) dupl. (e.g. tollerare; Carollus; Affrica) dedupl. cons. (e.g. ancila; Hanibal; Atica) ch/h (e.g. nichil) ci/ti (e.g. justicia) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) cu/quu (e.g. secuntur) e/ae (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) gum/gm (e.g. augumentum) hie/je (e.g. Hieronymus; Hyerusalem) i/j (e.g. ius) i/ji (eg. reicere) i 192 /y (e.g. Pithagoras; Ciclades) ii/I (e.g. hii) i/y (e.g. Scithia) nd/md (e.g. quendam) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) ph/f (e.g. phas) rt/rct (e.g. coartatus) st/xt (e.g. Calistus) ti/ci (e.g. provintia; Cappadotia) u/v (e.g. uolo) v-/u-(e.g. ubi) y/i 193 (e.g. hystoria; Hyerusalem) x/s (e.g. Ambroxius) Inclitus. Milia. Quatuor Anagnia. Andeganensis / London / British Library / Add 22161 asp. (e.g. haedificare) deasp. (e.g. ierarchia; Joanna, Ungaria) dupl. (e.g. tollerare; Sarraceni) assimil. (e.g. iccirco) ch/h (e.g. nichil) ci/ti (e.g. justicia) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) ct/(t)t (e.g. oblictere; ulcturus)) e/ae 194 (e.g. que) e/oe 195 (e.g. obedire) gum/gm (e.g. augumentum) hie/je (Hierosolima; Hieronymus) i/j (e.g. ius) i/ji (e.g. subjicere) i/y 196 (e.g. tirannus; Simmachus) ii/ji (e.g. eiicere) ka-/ca-(Karolus) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) u/v (e.g. uolo) v-/u-(e.g. ubi) y/i (e.g. cymba) Inclitus. Quatuor Alcumena. Bosna. Catalanus. Jepte. Maumetus/Mahumetes. Nicefaius. Ptholomais Lucca / Biblioteca Capitolare Feliniana / 541 asp. (e.g. cohercere) deasp. (e.g. Adrianus; Joannes) dupl. cons. (e.g. legittimus) ae/e (e.g. caeteri) ci/ti (e.g. induciae) cp/pp (e.g. quicpe) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) e/ae 197 (e.g. que) e/oe 198 (e.g. obedire) hie/je (Hierosolyma; Hieronymus) i/j (e.g. ius) i/y (e.g. sinodus) mp/n p (e.g. imprimo) nd/md (e.g. quendam) np/mp (e.g. inpingere) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) ph/f (e.g. phama) quu/cu (e.g. loquutus) st/xt (Calistus) ti/ci (e.g. juditium; Graetia) u/v (e.g. uolo) v-/u-(e.g. ubi) y/i (e.g. hyrundinus; Nycholaus) Inclitus. Parlamentum. Quatuor Anagnia. Aquitaneus. Federicus. Lothoringia. Mahumetes. Nicepharus. Pippinus. Ptholomais. Pycthagoras Lucca / Biblioteca Capitolare Feliniana / 544 asp. (e.g. cohercere; Johas; Panhormita; Turchus) deasp. (e.g. tronus; Annibal; Joannes) dupl. (e.g. nollebant; Arrius; Sarraceni) dedupl. cons. (e.g. flama; Tertulianus) assimil. (e.g. annumerare; iccirco; sustuli; assum) ae/e (e.g. caeteri) ci/ti (e.g. justicia) cp/pp (e.g. quicpe) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) ct/tt (admicto) cu/quu (e.g. secuntur) e/ae 199 (e.g. que) e/oe 200 (e.g. obedire) gum/gm (e.g. augumentum) hie/je (Hieremias; Hierosolyma; Hieronymus) i/j (e.g. ius) i/y 201 (e.g. papirus) ii/ji (e.g. eiicere) n p/mp (e.g. imperpetuum) nd/md (e.g. quendam) nf/mf (e.g. confortare) nn/mn (e.g. solennis) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) nt/mpt (e.g. tentare) oe/e (e.g. foemina) ph/f (e.g. prophanus; Aphrica) pt/bt (e.g. optineo) quu/cu (e.g. loquutus; quur) rt/rtc (e.g. coartatus) st/xt (Calistus) ti/ci (e.g. juditium; Graetia) u/v (e.g. uolo) v-/u-(e.g. ubi) y/i (e.g.hystoria; Cymbri) x/s (Xystus) Turchus) deasp. (e.g. tronus; Arpyae; Boemus) dupl. (e.g. suppremus; Juppiter; Affrica; Sarracenus) dedupl. (e.g. comoditas; Tertulianus; Britania) assimil. (e.g. amminiculum; assum; summitto) ae/e (e.g. caeteri) ci/ti (e.g. justicia) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) ct/tt (e.g. actineo) cu/qu (e.g. locuntur) e/ae 202 (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) f/ph (e.g. orfanus) hie-/je-(e.g. Hieremias; Hieronymus; Hierosolyma) i/j (e.g. ius) i/ji (e.g. adicio) i/y (e.g. martir; Licurgus) ii/i (e.g. hiis) k/c (e.g. Karolus) mpn/mn (e.g. contempnere) mt/mpt (e.g. temtare) nd/md (e.g. quendam) nf/mf (e.g. conforto) -n p-/mp (e.g. impartibus) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) ph/f (e.g. phas) pt/bt (e.g. optinere) rt/rct (e.g. artus) si/ti (dissensio) ss/sc (e.g. capessere) st/xt (e.g. estare) ti/ci (e.g. juditium; Fabritius) u/v (e.g. uolo) ud/ut (e.g. velud) v-/u-(e.g. ubi) y/i (e.g. ydolus; Philyppus; Ytalia) Deffinitio. Dextera. Lachrima. Milia. Obmitto. Quatuor Alemania. Milano / Biblioteca Ambrosiana / M 44 Sup (Audivi) deasp. (e.g. pulcer) dupl. cons. (e.g. occulus) dedupl. cons. (e.g. oportunus) ch/h (e.g. michi) ci/ti (e.g. justicia) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) e/ae (e.g. que) i/ji (e.g. adicere) i/j (e.g. ius) k/c (e.g. Karolus) mpn/mn (e.g. contempnere) nd/md (e.g. quendam) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) o/u (e.g. concta) x/s Milia. Quatuor München / Bayerische Staatsbibliothek / 70 asp. (e.g. archanus; Hernestus) deasp. (e.g. aduc) dedupl. cons. (e.g. opidum) assimil. (e.g. assequor) ch/h (e.g. nichil) ci/ti (e.g. justicia) e/ae (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) i/j (e.g. ius) ii/i (e.g. hii) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) t/ct (e.g. autoritas) u/v (e.g. uolo) -ut/-ud (e.g. aput) v-/u-(e.g. ubi) y/i 203 (e.g. ydolum; Ysidorus; Hyspania) Inclitus. Lacrima. Quatuor Cathelina. Padaburgensis München / Bayerische Staatsbibliothek / 522 asp. (e.g. habundare) deasp. (e.g. Tracia) dedupl. (e.g. comoditas) ci/ti (e.g. Dalmacia) e/ae (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. Mesia) i/j (e.g. ius) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) ti/ci (e.g. juditium; -ut/-ud (e.g. aput) v-/u-(e.g. vbi) y/i (e.g. Ytalia) Inclitus Calistus New York / Collection Phyllis Goodheart Gordon / 33 (Solent plerique) asp. (e.g. habundus; Thurcus) deasp. (e.g. Ungaria) dupl. (e.g. paccatus) dedupl. (e.g. maleus) ch/h (e.g. michi; nichil) e/ae (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) ff/f (e.g. Fridericus) i/j (e.g. ius) ii/i (e.g. hii) o/u (e.g. volnus) ti/ci (e.g. juditium) u/v (e.g. uolo) ut/ud (e.g. aput v-/u-(e.g. vbi) y/i (e.g. ydoneus; Hyspania) Celum. Inclitus. Quatuor. Septemtrio Fredericus. Maumethus/Maumetus. Sarracenus Nürnberg / Stadtbibliothek / Cent, V App. 15 asp. (e.g. habundus; Israhel. Turchus) deasp. (Boemia) dupl. (e.g. callamitas) dedupl. (e.g. Salustius) ch/h (e.g. nichil) -ut/-ud (e.g. aput) u/v (e.g. uolo) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) e/ae (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) i/j (e.g. ius) i/y (e.g. Pitagoras) ii/i (e.g. hii) k/c (e.g. katholicus; Karolus) mpn/mn (e.g. dampnum) mpt/nt (e.g. temptare) nd/md (e.g. quendam) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) o/u (e.g. volt) ti/ci (e.g. juditium) u/v (e.g. uis) -ut/-ud (e.g. aput) v-/u-(e.g. vbi) y/i (e.g. ydolum; Hyspania) Inclitus. Jocundus. Quatuor Calistus. Fridricus. Franckfordia. Machumetus. Otho. Sarracenus. Tewcri. Padova / Biblioteca del Seminario / 84 (Solent plerique) asp. (e.g. Turchus) dedupl. (e.g. comodum) bst/st (e.g. substineo) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) ct/tt (actribuo) e/ae 204 (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) i/j (e.g. ius) i/ji (e.g. adicio) i/y (e.g. tirannus) k/c (e.g. Karolus) mpn/mn (e.g. dampnum) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) ti/ci (e.g. juditium) u/v (e.g. uolo) v-/u-(e.g. vbi) y/i (e.g. ydolum; Hyspania) Celum. Inclitus. Quatuor. Septemtrio Borgundia. Federicus. Franchfordia. Maumethus Paris / Bibliothèque Nationale / Lat. 4314 asp. (e.g. cohercere; Hesdra; Trinachria; Thurcus/Turchus) dupl. (e.g. villis; Arragonia) dedupl. (e.g. literae; Symachus) ci/ti (e.g. otium) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) ct/tt (e.g. sagictae) e/ae (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) ihe-/je-(eg. Iheronimus) i/j (e.g. ius) i/ji (e.g. deicere) ii/i (e.g. hii) k/c (e.g. Karolus) nd/md (e.g. quandam) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) ph/f (e.g. prophanus) pt/bt (e.g. optinere) quu/cu (e.g. loquutus) ti/ci (e.g. provintia) v-/u-(e.g. vrbs) y/i (e.g. ymago; Ysaias) Consil-(for concil-). Inclitus. Millia. Quatuor Acquila. Acquitanus. Alcimena. Atrabatensis. Bisantium. Brachius. Cathelanus. Cicilia (Sicilia). Federicus. Gaietanus. Iepte. Iherosolima. Lothoringia. Machometus. Nicholaus. Nicopharus, Pictagoras. Regnatus (Renatus). Tholomais (Ptolemais) Paris / Bibliothèque Nationale / Lat. 5565A asp. (e.g. Turchus) deasp. (e.g. Cristus) dupl. (e.g. occulus) dedupl. (e.g. literae) assimil. (e.g. assum) bsc/sc (obsculare) ci/ti (e.g. ocium) e/ae 205 (e.g. que) hie/je-(eg. Hierosolyma) i/j (e.g. ius) quu/cu (e.g. loquutus) ti/ci (e.g. speties) Paris / Bibliothèque Nationale / Lat. 22161 deasp. (e.g. Cristianus; Adrianus; Boemia) dupl. (e.g. defferre; Pollonus) assimil. (e.g. iccirco) ci/ti (e.g. ocium) ch/c (e.g. nichil) e/ae (e.g. que) ihe-/je-(eg. Hierosolyma) i/j (e.g. ius) i/y (e.g. tirannus) k/c (e.g. Karolus) v-/u-(e.g. vrbs) Lothoringia Roma / Accademia dei Lincei / Corsinianus 147 asp. (e.g. Panhormitanus; Thurcus/Turchus) deasp. (e.g. tronus) dupl. (e.g. arridus) dedupl. (e.g. litore) assimil. (e.g. iccirco) ci/ti (e.g. otium) e/ae 206 (e.g. que) e/oe 207 (e.g. obedire) hie-/je-(e.g. Hierosolyma) i/j (e.g. ius) k/c (e.g. Karolus) mp/n p (e.g. impraesentiarum) nd/md (e.g. quendam) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) ph/f (e.g. phas) ss/sc (e.g. capessere) ti/ci (e.g. pernitiosus) u/v (e.g. uolo) v-/u-(e.g. vrbs) y/i (e.g. hyems; Tyburtius) Milia. Obsculari Avenionensis. Borgundia. Bosna. Callistus. Cathelanus. Federicus. Mahumetes. Rhenatus. Rhenatus Roma / Archivio Apostolico Vaticano / XXXII, 1 asp. (e.g. habundantia; Helias; Franchonia) deasp. (e.g. ortus) dupl. cons. (e.g. tollerare) dedupl. cons. (e.g. imo) assimilation (e.g. annihilatus) ae/e (e.g. aegregius) bst/st (e.g. substentatus) ch/h (e.g. nichil) ci/ti (e.g. justicia) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) e/ae 208 (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) gum/gm (e.g. augumentum) hie/je (e.g. Hieremias; Hierusalem/Hierosolyma) i/j (e.g. ius) i/y (e.g. tirannus; Ciprianus; Schitia) md/nd (e.g. eundem) nt/mpt (e.g. tentare) nq/mq (e.g. tanquam) oe/e (e.g. coena) ph/f (e.g. phas; Aphrica) quu/cu (e.g. loquutus) t/ct (e-g-autor) -t/-d (e.g. Davit) ti/ci (e.g. delitiae) u/v (e.g. uolo) y/i (e.g. laycus; Symon; Schitya) Benevolentia. Coelum. Inclitus. Milia. Quatuor Agamenon. Almannus. Arrius. Baioaria. Barats (Barach). Federicus Hierosolyma. Mahumetes. Sampson u/v (e.g. uolo) v/u (e.g. ubi) y/i (e.g. hyemalis; Hyspania) Hypocresis. Inclitus. Milia. Scola. Obmitto. Quatuor quu/cu (e.g. executio) rct/rt (e.g. artus) ss/sc (e.g. capessere) st/xt (e.g. estant) ti/ci (e.g. delitia; Fabritius; Graetia) u/v (e.g. uolo) v/u (e.g. ubi) y/i (e.g. hyems) Corradinus. Federicus. Hieronymus Roma / Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana / Palat. lat. 603 dedupl. (solicitus) i/j (e.g. ius) i/y (e.g. Illiria) i/ji (e.g. deicere) k/c (e.g. Karolus) mp/n p (e.g. impericulo) mt/mpt (e.g. temtare) nd/md (e.g. quendam) np/mp (e.g. inpune) Agamenon. Roma / Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana / Chis. J.VIII.284 asp. (e.g. habundantia; Catho; Turchus/Thurcus) deasp. (e.g. autenticus; Oratius; Ungaria) dupl. cons. (e.g. legittimus) dedupl. cons. (e.g. opidum) assimil. (e.g. amminiculum; assum) ci/ti (e.g. justicia) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) ct/t (e.g. condictio) cu/quu (e.g. locuntur) e 211 /ae (e.g. que) e/oe 212 (e.g. obedire) f/ph (e.g. blasfemia) hie/j (e.g. Hieronymus; Hierosolyma) i/j (e.g. ius) i/ji (e.g. subicere) i/y (e.g. martir) ihe/je (e.g. Ihesus) mp/-n p-(e.g. impraesentiarum) mpn/mn (contempnere) mt/mpt (e.g. temtare) n/m (e.g. quendam; confortare; nanque) nt/mpt (e.g. contentus) ph/f (e.g. phas; Aphrica) pt/bt (e.g. optinere) quu/cu (e.g. loquutus) ss/sc (e.g. capessere) st/bst (e.g. sustineo) pt/bt (e.g. optinere) Quatuor ti/ci (e.g. regnantium) ph/f (e.g. prophanus; Aphrica) st/xt (e.g. estant) oe/e (e.g. foelix) v-/u-(e.g. Vlricus) hie-/je-(e.g. Hierosolyma) nt/mpt (e.g. tentare) y/i (e.g. Corinthyus) e/oe 220 (e.g. obedire) nq/mq (e.g. utranque) u/v (e.g. uolo) e/ae 219 (e.g. que) nd/md (e.g. pessundare) oe/e (e.g. foeliciter) cu/quu (e.g. secuntur) n/m (e.g. quendam; confortare; nanque) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) bs/s (e.g. obsculare) -n p-/mp (e.g. impraesentiarum) e 215 /ae (e.g. que) ae/e (e.g. faelix) k/c (e.g. Karolus) cu/quu (e.g. locuntur) i/j (e.g. ius) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) hie/j (e.g. Hieronymus; Hierosolyma) ci/ti (e.g. justicia) assimil. (e.g. assum; iccirco) e/oe 214 (e.g. obedire) ae/e (e.g. caeteri) dedupl. (e.g. litore) e/ae 213 (e.g. que) dupl. (e.g. arridus) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) deasp. (e.g. tronus) ci/ti (e.g. nuncius) Condictio. Dextera. Inclitus. Milia. Obmitto. Quatuor asp. (e.g. helenchus) dupl. cons. (e.g. summere) assimil. (e.g. amminstratio) ci/ti (e.g. nuncium) e 216 /ae (e.g. que) e/oe 217 (e.g. obedire) Roma / Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana / Reg. lat. 1995 asp. (e.g. cohercere; Panhormitanus; Thurcus/Turchus) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) quu/cu (e.g. loquutus) ss/sc (e.g. capessere) st/xt (e.g. Callistus) Alemania/ae/e (e.g. faemina) ti/ci (e.g. offitium) i/j (e.g. ius) i/y (e.g. tirannus) ii/i (e.g. hiis) mpn/mn (e.g. calumpniare) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) y 218 /i (e.g. hyems) u/v (e.g. uolo) v-/u-(e.g. vrbs) y/i (e.g. hyems) Aquilegia. Roma / Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana / Ottobon. lat. 347 -ut/-ud (e.g. aput) Lachryma. Milia. Obsculari

1) General variants: aspiration (e.g. habundare); deaspiration (e.g. aduc); duplication of consonants (e.g. summere); deduplication of consonants (literae); assimilation (amministrare; iccirco) 2) Variants in individual letters (NB: Proper names included) 3) Preferred word forms when dictionaries recognize parallel forms 4) Preferred forms of proper names not covered by 2) Preferred forms of words (with alternative spellings in dictionaries) in the main text of the orations are: Inclytus. Millia. Quattuor. Preferred forms of proper names are: Alamania. Fridericus. Gotfredus. Jeremias. Jeronimus. Jerusalem. Jesus. Mahumetus. Saracenus. Asp. Cons. (e.g. perhennis) Deasp. cons. (e.g. charisma; Cristus) Dupl. cons. (e.g. concuttitur) Dedupl. cons. (e.g. colapsus) Baldianus. Calistus. Delbora. Fredericus. Godefridus. Hierosolima/Hierusalem/Iherosolima.. Mahometes. Sampson. Turca. Ulisses. Wentislaus Liege / Brachium. Celum. Charitas. Contempnere. Dextera. Eleemosyna. Eremus. Iccirco. Inclitus. Lachryma. Milia. Substuli. Temptare/Tentare Alamannus. Alemania. Athila. Bossina. Cathelina. Dimelmia (Dunelmia). Fabritius. Francfordia. Gedeon. Gottus / Gotthus. Eyzinger. Hernestus. Hierosolyma. Israhel. Lodovicus Maumethes/ Maumethus. Rochezana. Rodolfus/ Rodulfus/ Rodulphus/ Rudolphus. Sanson. Sarracenus. Sogdomitae.Styria. Theodoricus. Ulixes. Utices. Vilhelmus. Wirtenbergensis Mantova / Biblioteca Comunale / 100 • In many places hard to read because of fading ink • Not easy to distinguish between a/o/e asp. (e.g. habundare; Catho; Roma / Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana / Chisi. J.VIII.286 asp. (havena; Helisabeth; Israhel; Turchus) deasp. (e.g. abilitatio; Arpyae) dupl. (e.g. Juppiter) dedupl. (e.g. policere; Portugalia) assimil. (e.g. assum; affuit) Avenionensis. Boetia (Boeotia) Bosna. Callistus. Cathelanus. Federicus. Mahumetes. Mysia. Peloponessus. Picininus. Rhenatus Roma /

Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana / Ross. lat. 786

  Aquilegia. Avinio. Bethleem. Arrius. Borgundia. Bosna/Bossna. Calistus. Carlomanus. Charinthia. Cloatia. Dimelmia (Dunelmia). Frankofordia. Fredericus/Federicus. Gotfredus/ Gotefridus. Helisabeth. Hernestus. Heýzingher. Lothoringia. Mahumetus / Mahumethus / Mahumethes / Maumethes. Nicepharus. Ptolomais. Rassia. Rodolfus/Rodulfus. Sarracenus. Sogdoma. Theodoricus. Theotones. Ualacchi. Ulixes. Utices (Eutyches). Vilhelmus . Bisantinus. Bosna. Calistus. Chorinthus. FIheremias. Ihesus. Machometus/Macometus.

	Aderat Nuper asp. (e.g. cathena) ch/h (e.g. nichil) ci/ti (e.g. justicia) cu/quu (e.g. locuntur) e/ae (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) i/j (e.g. ius) i/y (e.g. lira) u/v (e.g. uolo) dedupl. (e.g. litera) mpn/mn (contempnere) dupl. (e.g. proffessio) ii/i (e.g. hii) v/u (e.g. ubi) y/i (e.g. yconomicus; Ysidorus) Aristotiles. Roma / Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana / Urbin. lat. 401 asp. (e.g. heremus; Turchus) deasp. (e.g. autenticus) dupl. cons. (e.g. summere) dedupl. cons. (e.g. molis) assimil. (e.g. amminstratio; assum) ae/e (e.g. caeteri) ci/ti (e.g. justicia) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) cu/quu (e.g. locuntur) e 221 /ae (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) hie/je (e.g. Hieronymus) i/j (e.g. ius) i/ji (e.g. eicere) i/y (e.g. presbiter) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) oe/e (e.g. foeliciter) ti/ci (e.g. juditium) u/v (e.g. uolo) ud/ut (e.g. capud) y/i (e.g. delyramentum) x/s (e.g. Ambroxius) Calistus. Quattuor Federicus. Eizingherus/Hazingherus/Azingherus. Maumethus. Rodolphus Roma / Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana / Vat. Lat. 1788 asp. (e.g. havena) deasp. (Cristianus; Ungaria) dupl. (e.g. summere; Affrica) dedupl. (e.g. comendare; Salustius; Britania) assimil. (e.g. annumerare; iccirco; assum) bst/st (e.g. substinere) ci/ti (raciocinatus) ct/t (e.g. condictio) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) ct/t (e.g. ulctio) ct/tt (e.g. octo) e/ae 222 (e.g. que, secularis) e/oe 223 (e.g. obedire) f/ph (e.g. blasfemia) hie/je (e.g. Hierosolima; Hieronimus) i/j (e.g. ius) i/i (e.g. adicio) i/y (e.g. martirium; inclitus) k/c (e.g. Karolus) mp/n p (e.g. impraesentiarum) nd/md (e.g. quendam) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) nt/mpt (e.g. contentus) ph/f (e.g. prophanare) pt/bt (e.g. optinuere) quu/cu (e.g. sequutus) ss/sc (e.g. capessere) ti/ci (e.g. delitia) o/u (e.g. romusculus) u/v (e.g. paruus) v-/u-(e.g. ubi) x/s (e.g. Xistus) Dextera. Inclitus. Lachrima. Obmitto. Quatuor Alchimena. Roma / Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana / Vat. Lat. 5667 asp. (Athlas; Turchus) deasp. (e.g. Ungaria) dupl. (e.g. tollero; Myssia) dedupl. (e.g. opidum) assimil. (e.g. assum) ch/t (e.g. michi) ci/ti (e.g. ocium) e/ae 224 (e.g. que; Judea) e/oe 225 (e.g. obedire) hie/je (e.g. Hierusalem) i/j (e.g. ius) i/y (e.g. martir; Schitia) nd/md (e.g. pessundo) ngn/gn (e.g. angnus) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) nt/mt (e.g. duntaxat) oe/e (e.g. foelix) rt/rtc (coartatus) ti/ci (e.g. provintia; Cilitia) u/v (e.g. uolo) v-/u-(e.g. vbi) y/i (e.g. sydus; Isayas; Syon) Sepulcrum Brondusium. Capadocia. Godefridus. Hierosolima /Jerosolima. Mahumethes / Mahumetes. Pollonus/Polonius. Sanson. Sarracenus. Turchus Roma / Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana / Vat. lat. 6153 (Solent plerique) asp. (e.g. Turchus/Thurcus) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) o/uo (e.g. langor) oe/e (e.g. foelix) qu/c (e.g. loquutus) rt/rtc (e.g. coartatus) ti/ci (e.g. juditium) u/v (e.g. uolo) v/u (e.g. ubi) y/i (e.g. laycus; Tyberius) assimil. (e.g. assum) ch/t (e.g. michi) ci/ti (e.g. ocium) Schlägl / Stiftsbibliothek / Cpl 54 (Solent plerique) Strängnäs / Domkyrkobibliotheket / 7 (Solent plerique) Trento / Biblioteca Capitolare / 86 (Quamvis grandes materias) AristotilesSaint Omer / Bibliothèque Municipale / 661 (Guillaume Fillastre jr.: Si ut inquit Cicero) ct/tt (e.g. actulit) deasp. (e.g. Ungaria) e/ae (e.g. que; Judea) e/oe (e.g. obedire) i/j (e.g. ius) i//ji (e.g. abicio) asp. (e.g. habundus; Turchus/Thurcus) dupl. cons. (e.g. legittimus; Affrica) asp. (e.g. habundus; Thurcus) deasp. (e.g. Ungaria) Assimilation (e.g. assunt) deasp. (e.g. Ungaria) dupl. cons. (e.g.summere) dupl. (e.g. peccunia) ci/ti (e.g. nuncium) e 226 /ae (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) hie/je (e.g. Hierosolyma) i/j (e.g. ius) i/y (e.g. tirannus) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) y/i (e.g. hyems) Calistus. Franckfordia. Fredericus. Machometus Roma / Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale Vittorio Emmanuele / 492 asp. (e.g. authoritas; Turchus) deasp. (e.g. Ilarius; Ellespontus) dupl. cons. (e.g. Pollonus; Affrica) dedupl. cons. (e.g. literae) ae/e (e.g. caeteri) ci/ti (e.g. justicia) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) e 227 /ae (e.g. que) i/j (e.g. ius) deasp. (e.g. omagium; Oratius) nd/md (e.g. pessundare) mpn/mn (e.g. sompnum) asp. (perhennis; Helias; Turchus) i/y (e.g. martir) ii/i (e.g. hii) i/ji (e.g. eicere) i/y (e.g. martir; Crisostomus) Salzburg / Erzabtei Sankt Peter, Bibliothek / b VIII 15 i/j (e.g. ius) gum/gm (e.g. augumentum) e/oe (e.g. obedire) Portogalia. Ratispana. Rodulphus. Sampson. Sarracenus. Stiria e/oe (e.g. obedire) bp/pp (e.g. obprobrium) ch/c (e.g. nichil) ci/ti (e.g. eciam) e/ae (e.g. que) Aristotiles. Azia. Bisantinus. Calistus. Ihesus. Machometus Nicepharus. Nortmannus. Parlamentum. Phtolemais. Picelinus/Picilinus (Piccininus). Pictagoras. Fredericus. Francfordia. Maumethus. Ratispana. Stiria. Theocer (Teucer). Ihesus. Jepte. Lodovicus. Lothoringia. Machometus/Machumeta/Machumetes. Mathusalem. Iherosolima/Iherusalem. Josophat. Palentinus. Sampson. Theotonicus. Ulixes Bethleem. Bosnensis. Fernandus. Francfordia. Fredericus. Godefridus. Iherusalem/Ierosolima. Aaron. Agamenon. Aristotelis. Baldewinus. Calistus. Delbora. Fredericus. Godefridus. c/qu (e.g. cotidie) Benivolentia. Inclitus. Jocunditas. Milia Celum. Inclitus. Quatuor. br/rr (e.g. subripuo) y/i (e.g. ymago; Ytalia) Benivolentia. Cathalogus. Dextra. Inclytus. Jocundus. Lacrima. Letania. Proch (proh). Quatuor. Celum. Inclitus. Lacrima. Quatuor assimil. (e.g. assum) Caelum. Tentatio Alamanni. Arrius. Brondisium. Corradus. Federicus. Godefridus. Hierosolima/ Hierusalem. Mahumetes. Sanson. asp. (e.g. Turchus) deasp. (e.g. Oratius) dupl. (e.g. paccatus) dedupl. (e.g. imo) quu/cu (e.g. cum) y/ii (e.g. initys) v-/u-(e.g. vbi) assimil. (e.g. assum) asp. (e.g. inhermis) deasp. (e.g. ilaritas; Oratius; Ungaria) dupl. (e.g. deffensio; Affrica) dedupl. (e.g. imo) assimil. (e.g. assum) bp/pp (e.g. obprobrium) br/rr (e.g. subripuo) c/qu (e.g. cotidie) ch/c (e.g. nichil) ci/ti (e.g. eciam) e/ae (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) i/j (e.g. ius) i/y (e.g. martir; Crisostomus)) ii/i (e.g. hii) mpn/mn (e.g. sompnum) i/y (e.g. tirannus) -id/it (e.g. inquid) dedupl. (e.g. comodus) ch/h (e.g. michi, nichil) assimil. (e.g. summitto) ch/h (e.g. michi, nichil) ci/ti (e.g. justicia) ihe/je (e.g. Iheroboam) ci/ti (e.g. justicia) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) ii/i (e.g. hii) k/c (e.g. katholicus; Karolus) m-p/n-p (e.g. impraesentiarum) mpn/mn (e.g. contempno) nd/md (e.g. pessundo) o/u (e.g. conctatio) q/c (e.g. loqutus) rt/rtc (coartatus) ss/sc (e.g. capescere) ti/ci (e.g. provintia) u/v (e.g. uolo) -ud/-ut (e.g. velud) -ut/-ud (e.g. aput) v-/u-(e.g. vbi) y/i (e.g. ayt; Helya; Ytalia) ct/tt (e.g. actentus; Actica) cu/quu (e.g. insecuntur) ch/c (e.g. nichil) e 228 /ae (e.g. que) d/t (frequently occurring particularity) e/ae (e.g. que) e/oe 229 (e.g. obedire) e/ae (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) i/j (e.g. ius) e/oe (e.g. obedire) i/j (e.g. ius) i/ji (e.g. adicere) i/j (e.g. ius) i/y (e.g. tirannus) i/y (e.g. tirannus) mpn/mn (e.g. dampnum) ii/i (e.g. hii) ii/i (e.g. hii) v/u (e.g. ut) k/c (e.g. Kalixtus) k&c Karolus y/i/ii (e.g. hys) mpn/mn (e.g. dampnum) mpn/mn (e.g. dampnum) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) ph/f (e.g. phas) o/u (e.g. volnus) ut/ud (e.g. aput) y/i (e.g. ydolum; Ytalia) u/v (e.g. uolo) v/u (e.g. ut) ti/ci (e.g. ci/ti (e.g. juditium; Gretia) ut/ud (e.g. aput) quu/cu (e.g. consequutus) u/v (e.g. uolo) Jocundus. Quatuor

Saint Omer / Bibliothèque Municipale / 374

(Guillaume Fillastre jr.: Si ut inquit Cicero) y/i (e.g. ymago; Ytalia) Benivolentia. Inclitus. Jocunditas. Proth (Proh).

Trieste / Biblioteca Civicia Attilio Hortis / II, 13

	e/oe (e.g. obedire) hie-/je-(e.g. Hieronymus) ii/i (e.g. hii) mpn/mn (contempnere) y/i (e.g. ydolum; Ylion) Venezia / Biblioteca Marciana / Lat. XIV 219 Baldevinus. Chartaginensis. Godefridus/Godofredus. Hierosolima/ Hierusalem. Ihoannes. Machometes/Machumetes/Macumetes. Mactusalem. Phrigies (Phryges). Sampson. Sarracenus. ci/ti (e.g. ociosus) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) nd/md (e.g. quendam) ngn/gn (e.g. mangnus) ph/f (e.g. phas) v/u (e.g. ubi) Wolffenbüttel /Herzog August Bibliothek / 299.1
	i/j (e.g. ius) imp / in p (e.g. impassione) mpt/nt (e.g. idemptitas) oe/e /e.g. foelix) Celum. Inclitus. Quatuor (Cum bellum hodie) Teothones/Theones. Yhiesus e 237 /ae (e.g. que) hie-/je-(e.g. Hieronymus; Hierosolima) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) nt/mpt (e.g. temptare) y/i (e.g. dyalecticus; Ysaias) (Superioribus diebus)
	mpt/nt (e.g. attemptus) ph/f (e.g. phas) i/j (e.g. ius) oe/e (e.g. foeliciter) Hungerus. Theotunicus
	Oration Non habet me dubium deasp. (e.g. ilaris; Joannes) dupl. of consonants (e.g. summere) dedupl. of consonants (e.g. gutur) assimil. (e.g. assunt) cc/dc (e.g. icccirco) ci/ti (e.g. ociosus) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) e 230 /ae (e.g. que) nd/md (e.g. pessundare) nq/mq (e.g. unquam) quu/cu (e.g. loquutus) ti/ci (e.g. benefitium; Gretia) u/v (e.g. uolo) y/i (e.g. ydioma; Tytus; Ysaias) Abhominari. Benivolus. Jocundus. Langor. Milia. Quatuor Calistus Uppsala / Universitetsbiblioteket / 916 (Aderat nuper; Advenisti tandem) asp. (e.g. penthameter; Thurcus) deasp. (e.g. exameter) dupl. cons. (e.g. polliticus) dedupl. cons. (e.g. Tulius) assimil. (e.g. assum) ae/e (e.g. aelectio) ch/h (e.g. michi) ci/ti (e.g. justicia) ct/t (e.g. condictio) e/ae (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) hie/je (e.g. hierosolima) i/j (e.g. ius) i/ji (e.g. subicere) i/y 231 (e.g. hystoria; Pirrhus) ih/j (e.g. Ihesus) quu/cu (e.g. loquutus) v/u (e.g. ubi) y/i (e.g. Ysidorus; Hyerosolima) Penthecostes Stiria. Ulixes. Utices (Eutyches) Venezia / Biblioteca Marciana / Lat. XI.77 asp. (e.g. cohercere; Turchus) deasp. (e.g. Boemia) assimil. (e.g. annumerare) ch/h (e.g. nichil) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) ct/tt (e.g. mictere) e/ae 232 (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) hie-/je-(eg. Hierosolyma) i/j (e.g. ius) i/y (e.g. martir) ii/i (e.g. hiis) ii/ji (e.g. adiicio) mpn/mn (e.g. calumpnia) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) pt/bt (e.g. optinere) quu/cu (e.g. consequutus) ti/ci (e.g. offitium) u/v (e.g. uolo) -ut/-ud (e.g. haut) v-/u-(e.g. vbi) Callistus. Federicus. Frandefordia. Lodovicus. Maumethus. Pictagoras. Stiria. Theocer (Teucer). Venezia / Biblioteca Marciana / Lat. XI.80 asp. (e.g. habundare) dupl. (e.g. Occeanus) ae/e (e.g. caeteri) ci/ti (e.g. negocium) cq/dq (e.g. quicquid) e 233 /ae (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) hie/je (e.g. Hieremias) ihe-/je -(e.g. Iheronymus; Iherusalem) nq/mq (e.g. nanque) nt/mpt (e.g. tentare) ti/ci (e.g. provintia) u/v (e.g. uolo) y/i 234 (e.g. Moyses) Benivolus. Jocundus. Lacrima. Quatuor. Tricenti Federicus. Heunodius (Ennodius). Gothfredus. Hierusalem/Hierosolyma. Lictuania. Maumetus/Maumethus/Macumetus. Maxagetae (Massagetae). Sarracenus. Scicilia. Turchus C and t very similar and sometimes confused Several times -ni for -m, e.g. Albani for Albam, or -m for -ni e.g. Romam for Romani asp. (e.g. habundare; Athlas; Hammonitae) Venezia / Biblioteca Marciana / Lat. XIV 228 i/ji (e.g. subicio) nq/mq (e.g. unquam) pt/t (e.g. legiptimus) qu/cu (e.g. loqutus) pt/bt (e.g. optinere) asp. (habunde) t/ct (e.g. autoritas) deasp. (e.g. Ungaria) u/v (e.g. uolo) ud/ut (e.g. velud) assimil. (e.g. annoto) Wien / Österreichische Nationalbibliothek / 12709 (Moyses vir Dei) ti/ci (e.g. benefitium) v/u (e.g. ubi) deasp. (e.g. austus; Ispania) dupl. of consonants (e.g. tollero; Affrica) dedupl. of consonants (e.g. agredior) assimil. (e.g. assunt) ch/h (e.g. nichil) 235 ct/tt (e.g. mictere) e/ae (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) hie-/je-(e.g. Hieronymus) i/j (e.g. ius) i/ji (e.g. subicio) i/y (e.g. martir) ii/i (e.g. hiis) mpn/mn (e.g. calumpnia) mpt/nt (e.g. attemptus) nd/md (e.g. pessumdare) nn/nm (e.g. decennalis) asp. (e.g. Turchus) y/i (e.g. hystoria; Hyspania) y/i 239 (e.g. ymmo) asp. (e.g. habundus; Turchus) ch/h (e.g. nichil) deasp. (Ydra) ci/ti (e.g. nuncius) deasp. (e.g. orridus; Ispania) dupl. (e.g. extulli) dedupl. (e.g. belicus) ch/h (e.g. nichil) ci/ti (e.g. gracia) cu/quu (e.g. secuntur) e/ae (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) i/y (e.g. Moises) Inclitus. Parlamentum. Quatuor dupl. (e.g. Affrica) e/ae (e.g. que) Benivolentia. Lacrima. Quatuor. Milia e/oe (e.g. obedire) Anagnia. Coradinus. Federicus. Lothoringia. Mahumetes. Nicepharus (Nicephorus) Wien / Österreichische Nationalbibliothek / 3420 (Moyses vir dei) Gotfredus. Israhel. Jeronimus. Hieremias/Jeremias. Illiricum. Jerosolima/Iherusalem. Hungaria. Macidonia. Maumethus/Maumetus. Sarracenus. Turchus. i/j (e.g. ius) ch/h (e.g. nichil) mpn/mn (e.g. dampnum) ci/ti (e.g. pacientia) nd/md (e.g. pessundare) e/ae (e.g. que; Hebreus) -ut/-ud (e.g. haut) e/oe (e.g. obedire) v/u (e.g. ubi) i/j (e.g. ius) y/i (e.g. laycus; Ysaias) ic/jic (e.g. obicio) Wien / Österreichische Nationalbibliothek / 4764 ih/j (e.g. Iherosolyma) ii/i (e.g. hii) mpn/mn (e.g. calumpnia) nt/mpt (e.g. tentare) v-/u-(e.g. vbi) y/i (e.g. ymmo; Ytalicus) asp. (e.g. habundare) (Superioribus diebus) ii/i (e.g. hii) Jocundus k/c (e.g. karus; Karolus) dupl. (e.g. deffensor; Allexander; Affrica) dedupl. (e.g. flama) asp. (e.g. hostium) mpn/mn (e.g. dampnere) Ihesus. Polones. Theutuni nd/md (e.g. quendam) assimil. (e.g. assum) assimil. (e.g. annoto) o/u (e.g. volnus) x/ss (e.g. peximus) rt/rtc (e.g. coartatus) s/x (e.g. espetendus) ti/ci (e.g. benefitium) u/v (e.g. uolo) -ud/-ut (e.g. capud) x/s (e.g. vexper) y 236 /i (e.g. ydolum; Pypinus; Asya) Animavertere. Coelum. Milia. Quatuor Autoritas. Inclitus. Quatuor. Quum (cum) Federicus. Jerosolima. Maumethus. Yerosolima Venezia / Biblioteca Marciana / Lat. XIV 265 asp. (e.g. choercere; Cathelanus) deasp. (e.g. Boemia) dupl. of consonants (e.g. missimus) c/qu (e.g. locuntur) ch/h (e.g. nichil) ti/ci (e.g. patritius; Altibiades) Zürich / Zentralbibliothek / 266 u/v (e.g. uolo) ch/h (e.g. michi; nichil) ci/ti (e.g. pacientia) ci/ti (e.g. pacientia) cu/quu (e.g. locuntur) ud/ut (e.g. haut) (Solent plerique) ut/ud (e.g. aput) cp/pp (e.g. quicpe) e/ae (e.g. que) v/u (e.g. ubi) e/ae 238 (e.g. que) e/oe (e.g. obedire) gum/gm (e.g. augumentum) i/j (e.g. ius) i/ji (e.g. eicere) ii/i (e.g. hii) mpn/mn (e.g. dampnere) e/oe (e.g. obedire) y/i 240 (e.g. hystoria; Ysidorus. Sycilia) ch/h (e.g. michi; nichil) i/j (e.g. ius) ci/ti (e.g. justicia) ih/j (e.g. Ihesus) ii/i (e.g. hii) e/ae (e.g. que) Celum. Quatuor. Milia e/oe (e.g. obedire) k/c(h) (e.g. eukaristia) i/j (e.g. ius) mpn/mn (e.g. dampnere) + o/ (e.g. jocundus) ii/i (e.g. hii) Agamenon. Alemania. Arrius. Bethleem. Delbora. Gedeon. Godefridus. Machometus. Ulixes k/c (e.g. Karolus) dedupl. of consonants (e.g. comodus) mp/mn (e.g. dampnum)
	236 incl. dotted y o/u (e.g. volnus)

235

Inconsistently, cf. f. 19r: Nihil erit, victa Ungaria, Turcis invium, nichil insuperabile

81 orations, if the "Cum animadverto" is counted as a Piccolomini-oration, see oration "Quam laetus"[18], Appendix

The introduction to the oration "Quamvis omnibus"[21]

em.; vix add. H

em.; eius H

em.; per add. H

(Collected Orations of Pope Pius II; 80)

ff. 316r-318v

Available in BAV Digital

https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/100001016

Interested scholars will always be welcome to obtain a file with the latest revised list of the manuscripts from the editor / MCS

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. dotted y (used inconsistently)

Incl. dotted y (used inconsistently)

Incl. dotted y (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. dotted y (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. dotted y (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus/ae,oe

Incl. dotted y (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. dotted y

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Including e caudatus

Incl. dotted y, used inconsistently

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. e caudatus

Incl. dotted y

Including e caudatus

Incl. e caudatus (used inconsistently)

Incl. dotted y, used inconsistently

Incl. dotted y (used inconsistently)

Isidorus, ps.-

Damasus ORA 04: Damasus ORA 09: Damasus ORA 09: Damasus ORA 20: Damasus ORA 26: Damasus ORA 27: Damasus ORA 52: Daniel Bibl. ORA 14: Daniel ORA 19: Daniel ORA 20: Daniel ORA 23: Daniel ORA 24: Daniel ORA 26: Daniel ORA 40: Daniel ORA 45: Daniel ORA 45: Daniel ORA 45: Darius III Codomannus Kg. Persia ORA 21: Darius III Codomannus ORA 23: Darius III Codomannus ORA 23: Darius III Codomannus ORA 54: David Bibl. ORA 05: David ORA 06: David ORA 09: David ORA 11: David ORA 15: David ORA 17: David ORA 20: David ORA 22: David ORA 24: David ORA 24: David ORA 30: David ORA 35: David ORA 45: David ORA 45: David ORA 52: David ORA 52: David ORA 53: David ORA 65: David ORA 65: David ORA 65: Debora Bibl. ORA 45: Decii Ro. Fa. ORA 22: Decii ORA 39: Demetrius Kg. Syria ORA 20: Demetrius of Phalerum Gk. ORA 08: Democritus Gk. Philosopher ORA 45: Demosthenes Gk. Statesman ORA 01: Demosthenes ORA 02: Demosthenes ORA 08: Demosthenes ORA 09: Demosthenes ORA 22: Denys Sa. ORA 65: Desiderius Kg. Lombards ORA 22: Desiderius ORA 52: Desiderius ORA 65: Dicentius ORA 02: Dinkelsbühl, Johann von ORA 09: Diodorus Gk. Philosopher ORA 45: Diogenes Gk. Philosopher ORA 02: Diogenes ORA 06: Dionysius Ar. Milan ORA 02: Dionysius Kg. Syracuse ORA 06: Dionysius Areopagita ORA 45: Dioscuros ORA 28: Dioscurus Heresiarch ORA 21: Domitius Ro. ORA 04: Drusus Ro. ORA 45: Duarte Kg. Portugal ORA 14: Egidio Romano ORA 23: Egidio Romano ORA 24: Egypt, Pharaos of ORA 23: Egypt, Pharaos of ORA 23: Eich, Johann v. Bp. ORA 51: Eleazar Bibl. ORA 19: Eleazar ORA 35: Eleonora of Portugal SEE Leonora of Portugal Eliah Bibl. ORA 04: Eliah ORA 45: Eliah ORA 62: Elisha Bibl. ORA 15: Elisha ORA 45: Elizabeth (Luxembourg) Qn. Hungary ORA 03: Elizabeth (Luxembourg) ORA 12: Elizabeth (Luxembourg) ORA 12: Elizabeth (Luxembourg) ORA 16: Elizabeth (Luxembourg) ORA 20: Emmersberg SEE Truchsess Ennius Ro. Poet ORA 01: Ennius ORA 04: Ennius ORA 05: Ennius ORA 09: Hydra ORA 65: Hystaspis Kg. Persia ORA 23: Ignatius of Antiochia Sa. ORA 30: Illiers, Miles d' ORA 79: Imola, Giovanni da SEE Nicoletti, Giovanni Innocent SEE Innocentius Innocentius I Po. ORA 20: Innocentius I ORA 20: Innocentius III Po. ORA 20: Innocentius III ORA 45: Innocentius IV Po. ORA 52: Innocentius IV ORA 52: Innocentius VII Po. ORA 52: Ionos Kg. Thessaly ORA 02: Irene By. Emp. ORA 52: Isabella of Portugal Du. Burgundy ORA 14: Isabella of Portugal Du. Burgundy ORA 36: Isabella of Portugal Qn. Castille ORA 14: Isai Bibl. ORA 11: Isai ORA 65: Isai ORA 65: Isaiah Bibl. ORA 06: Isaiah ORA 06: Isaiah ORA 09: Isaiah ORA 20: Isaiah ORA 20: Isaiah ORA 45: Isaiah ORA 52: Ishmael Bibl. ORA 02: Isidoro da Rosate SEE Rosate, Isidoro da Isidoro de Sevilla Ar. ORA 05: Isidoro de Sevilla ORA 09: Isidoro de Sevilla ORA 09: Isidoro de Sevilla ORA 09: Isidoro de Sevilla ORA 45: Isorno, Alvaro de Bp. ORA 01: Israel, Kings of ORA 65: Isaac Bibl. ORA 02: Isaac ORA 35: Jacob Bibl. ORA 35: Jacob ORA 52: Jacob SEE ALSO James Jacques II (Lusignan) Kg. Cyprus ORA 63: Jael Bibl. ORA 45: Jakobellus of Mies SEE Mies, Jakobellus of James Ap. ORA 04: James ORA 06: James ORA 06: James ORA 06: James ORA 06: James III (Stewart) Kg. Scotland ORA 79: Jan Hus SEE Hus, Jan Janos Hunyadi SEE Hunyad, Janos Janus of Savoy (Lusignan) Pr. ORA 79: Jason Myth. ORA 23: Jason ORA 24: Jean d'Anjou Dk. Son of René d'Anjou ORA 61: Jean d'Anjou ORA 61: Jean d'Anjou ORA 61: Jean d'Anjou ORA 61: Jean d'Anjou ORA 75: Jean d'Anjou ORA 75: Jean d'Anjou ORA 75: Jean d'Anjou ORA 75: Jean Tristan Pr. France ORA 65: Jephthah Bibl. ORA 35: Jephthah ORA 45: Jephthah ORA 52: Jeremiah Bibl. ORA 06: Jeremiah ORA 09: Jeremiah ORA 19: Jeremiah ORA 23: Jeremiah ORA 24: Jeremiah ORA 35: Jeremiah ORA 45: Jerome SEE Jeronimus Jeronimus of Prague ORA 09: Jeronimus of Prague ORA 28: Jeronimus of Prague ORA 28: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius Sa. ORA 02: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 02: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 02: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 02: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 02: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 02: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 04: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 05: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 05: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 05: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 05: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 05: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 05: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 06: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 06: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 09: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 09: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 09: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 09: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 09: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 09: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 09: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 14: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 14: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 14: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 15: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 20: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius ORA 20: Jeronimus, Eusebius Sophronius Seneca, Lucius Annaeus ORA 06: Seneca, Lucius Annaeus ORA 06: Seneca, Lucius Annaeus ORA 09: Sennacherib Bibl. ORA 17: Sennacherib ORA 22: Serra, Bernardus ORA 04: Servius Tullius Kg. Rome ORA 02: Sforza Fa. ORA 80: Sforza, Alessandro ORA 75: Sforza, Alessandro ORA 75: Sforza, Bianca Duchess Milan ORA 42: Sforza, Francesco SEE Francesco Sforza Sforza, Ippolita ORA 42: Sforza, Ludovico ORA 76: Sforza, Muzio Attendolo ORA 52: Sforza, Muzio Attendolo ORA 80: Sforza, Tristano ORA 76: Sibyls Myth. ORA 45: Sibyls ORA 45: Sibyls ORA 45: Sibyls ORA 61: Sibyls ORA 62: Sierck, Jakob von Ar. ORA 11: Sierck, Jakob von ORA 11: Sierck, Jakob von ORA 23: Sigismund (Habsburg) Archduke. Austria ORA 09: Sigismund (Habsburg) ORA 14: Sigismund (Habsburg) ORA 20: Sigismund (Luxembourg) Ho. Ro. Emp. ORA 01: Sigismund (Luxembourg) ORA 03: Sigismund (Luxembourg) ORA 03: Sigismund (Luxembourg) ORA 05: Sigismund (Luxembourg) ORA 05: Sigismund (Luxembourg) ORA 05: Sigismund (Luxembourg) ORA 12: Sigismund (Luxembourg) ORA 12: Sigismund (Luxembourg) ORA 14: Sigismund (Luxembourg) ORA 15: Sigismund (Luxembourg) ORA 18: Sigismund (Luxembourg) ORA 20: Sigismund (Luxembourg) ORA 23: Sigismund (Luxembourg) ORA 23: Sigismund (Luxembourg) ORA 24: Sigismund (Luxembourg) ORA 28: Sigismund (Luxembourg) ORA 28: Sigismund (Luxembourg) ORA 28: Vergilius Maro, Publius ORA 20: Vergilius Maro, Publius ORA 22: Vergilius Maro, Publius ORA 45: Vergilius Maro, Publius ORA 45: Vergilius Maro, Publius ORA 62: Vergilius Maro, Publius ORA 62: Verres, Gajus Ro. ORA 05: Victoria Myth. ORA 45: Virgil SEE Vergilius Visconti Dy. ORA 01: Visconti ORA 13: Visconti ORA 52: Visconti, Bartolomeo Bp. ORA 01: Visconti, Bartolomeo ORA 03: Visconto, Filippo Maria SEE Filippo Maria Visconti Visconti, Gian Galeazzo SEE Gian Galeazzo Visconti Vitelleschi, Giovanni Ca. ORA 52: Viterbo, Godfrey of Historian ORA 48: Vitez, Jan Ar. ORA 24: Vitez, Jan ORA 24: Wenceslaus (Luxembourg) Kg. Romans ORA 13: Wenceslaus II (Premyslid) Kg. Bohemia ORA 20: Wilhelm (Habsburg) Dk. Austria ORA 20: Wilhelm III Dk. Saxony ORA 48: Wittelsbach Ho. ORA 05: Wittelsbach ORA 05: Wittelsbach ORA 05: Wittelsbach ORA 05: Wittelsbach ORA 05: Wladislaw II (Jagiellon) Kg. of Poland ORA 01: Wladislaw III (Jagiellon) Kg. of Poland, Hungary ORA 01: Wladislaw III (Jagiellon) ORA 03: Wladislaw III (Jagiellon) ORA 12: Wladislaw III (Jagiellon) ORA 12: Wladislaw III (Jagiellon) ORA 20: Wladislaw III (Jagiellon) ORA 21: Wladislaw III (Jagiellon) ORA 23: Wladislaw III (Jagiellon) ORA 24: Wladislaw III (Jagiellon) ORA 32: Wladislaw III (Jagiellon) ORA 54: Wycliff, John ORA 20: Wycliff, John ORA 28: Württemberg, Counts of ORA 24: Xantippe Gk. Wife of Socrates ORA 04: Xantippe ORA 06: Xenophon Gk. Historian ORA 45: Barbary Incl. Barbarians ORA 75: Basel ORA 01: Basel ORA 01: Basel ORA 20: Basel ORA 41: Bavaria SEE Bayern Bayern SEE ALSO Noricum Bayern ORA 05: Bayern ORA 05: Bayern ORA 15: Bayern ORA 20: Bayern ORA 22: Bayern ORA 28: Bayern ORA 37: Bayern ORA 38: Bayern ORA 53: Bayern ORA 54: Bayern ORA 65: Bayern ORA 73: Belgae Tribe ORA 22: Belgae Tribe ORA 49: Belgrade ORA 32: Belgrade ORA 45: Benesov ORA 20: Benevento ORA 58: Bethlehem ORA 45: Bithynia ORA 22: Bithynia ORA 45: Black Sea SEE Euxine Sea Boeotia ORA 45: Boeotia ORA 74: Bohemia ORA 03: Bohemia ORA 03: Bohemia ORA 05: Bohemia ORA 12: Bohemia ORA 14: Bohemia ORA 14: Bohemia ORA 16: Bohemia ORA 20: Bohemia ORA 22: Bohemia ORA 22: Bohemia ORA 22: Bohemia ORA 23: Bohemia ORA 23: Bohemia ORA 24: Bohemia ORA 25: Bohemia ORA 26: Bohemia ORA 28: Bohemia ORA 45: Bohemia ORA 52: Bohemia ORA 53: Bohemia ORA 66: Bohemia ORA 79: Boii Tribe ORA 50: Bologna ORA 01: Bologna ORA 20: Bologna ORA 20: Bologna ORA 52: Bologna ORA 54: Bologna ORA 55: Bologna ORA 76: Borealis SEE North, The Bosnia ORA 20: Bosnia ORA 21: Bosnia ORA 28: Bosnia ORA 52: Bosnia ORA 64: Bosnia ORA 74: Bosnia ORA 75: Bosphorus ORA 21: Bourgogne ORA 14: Bourgogne ORA 17: Bourgogne ORA 20: Bourgogne ORA 30: Bourgogne ORA 37: Bourgogne ORA 64: Bourgogne ORA 65: Bourgogne ORA 73: Bourgogne ORA 79: Brabant ORA 05: Brabant ORA 37: Bratislava ORA 20: Bratislava ORA 20: Brescia ORA 24: Bretagne ORA 50: Bretagne ORA 79: Brindisi ORA 01: Brindisi ORA 45: Britannia SEE England & Bretagne Britones Tribe ORA 22: Britones Tribe ORA 50: Brundisium SEE Brindisi Hungary ORA 44: Hungary ORA 44: Hungary ORA 45: Hungary ORA 45: Hungary ORA 45: Hungary ORA 46: Hungary ORA 51: Hungary ORA 51: Hungary ORA 52: Hungary ORA 52: Hungary ORA 52: Hungary ORA 52: Hungary ORA 53: Hungary ORA 54: Hungary ORA 54: Hungary ORA 59: Hungary ORA 61: Hungary ORA 62: Hungary ORA 64: Hungary ORA 64: Hungary ORA 66: Hungary ORA 71: Hungary ORA 71: Hungary ORA 74: Hungary ORA 74: Hungary ORA 75: Hungary ORA 75: Hungary ORA 75: Huns People ORA 19: Huns People ORA 22: Illyria ORA 14: Illyria ORA 21: Illyria ORA 22: Illyria ORA 38: Illyria ORA 74: Illyria ORA 76: India ORA 21: India ORA 22: India ORA 24: India ORA 44: India ORA 45: India ORA 62: India ORA 65: Inn ORA 14: Insubres Tribe ORA 50: Ionian Sea ORA 01: Ionian Sea ORA 01: Ionian Sea ORA 21: Ionian Sea ORA 45: Ischia ORA 75: Ischia ORA 75: Isola ORA 75: Israel Bibl. ORA 19: Israel Bibl. ORA 23: Israel Bibl. ORA 11: Israel Bibl. ORA 11: Israel Bibl. ORA 15: Israel Bibl. ORA 17: Israel Bibl. ORA 20: Israel Bibl. ORA 20: Israel Bibl. ORA 35: Israel Bibl. ORA 35: Israel Bibl. ORA 35: Israel Bibl. ORA 45: Israel Bibl. ORA 52: Israel Bibl. ORA 65: Israel Bibl. ORA 65: Israel Bibl. ORA 65: Israel Bibl. ORA 65: Israel Bibl. ORA 65: Israel Bibl. ORA 65: Israel Bibl. ORA 65: Istria ORA 70: Italia Class. ORA 08: Italia ORA 01: Italia ORA 01: Italia ORA 01: Italia ORA 01: Italia ORA 01: Italia ORA 02: Italia ORA 03: Italia ORA 05: Italia ORA 05: Italia ORA 05: Italia ORA 15: Italia ORA 19: Italia ORA 19: Italia ORA 20: Italia ORA 20: Italia ORA 20: Italia ORA 20: Italia ORA 20: Italia ORA 20: Italia ORA 21: Italia ORA 21: Italia ORA 22: Italia ORA 22: Italia ORA 22: Italia ORA 22: Italia ORA 22: Italia ORA 22: Italia ORA 22: Italia ORA 23: Italia ORA 23: Italia ORA 23: Italia ORA 25: Italia ORA 26: Italia ORA 26: Italia ORA 26: Italia ORA 26: Italia ORA 27: Italia ORA 27: Italia ORA 29: Italia ORA 31: Italia ORA 33: Italia ORA 35: Italia ORA 36: Italia ORA 45: Italia ORA 45: Italia ORA 45: Italia ORA 48: Italia ORA 48: Italia ORA 49: Italia ORA 50: Italia ORA 52: Italia ORA 52: Italia ORA 54: Italia ORA 54: Italia ORA 54: Italia ORA 58: Italia ORA 58: Italia ORA 58: Italia ORA 61: Italia ORA 70: Italia ORA 72: Italia ORA 72: Italia ORA 73: Italia ORA 74: Italia ORA 75: Italia ORA 75: Italia ORA 75: Italia ORA 76: Italia ORA 79: Jaense ORA 75: Jaurinum Raab ORA 12: Jerusalem ORA 19: Jerusalem ORA 19: Jerusalem ORA 20: Jerusalem ORA 21: Jerusalem ORA 22: Jerusalem ORA 22: Jerusalem ORA 23: Jerusalem ORA 45: Jerusalem ORA 49: Jerusalem ORA 52: Jerusalem ORA 54: Jerusalem ORA 66: Jews SEE ALSO Israel Jews ORA 09: Joppe ORA 65: Jordan ORA 45: Judea Bibl. ORA 15: Judea Bibl. ORA 11: Judea Bibl. ORA 45: Judea Bibl. ORA 65: Krain ORA 05: Krain ORA 05: Krain ORA 05: Krain ORA 20: Kärnten ORA 05: Kärnten ORA 05: Kärnten ORA 20: Kärnten ORA 45: Köln ORA 20: Lacedaimonia SEE Sparta Lands of Saint Peter SEE Papal States Latins ORA 05: Latins ORA 22: Latins ORA 22: Latins ORA 23: Latium ORA 22: Lazio ORA 75: Leiden ORA 05: Leitha River ORA 20: Main River ORA 23: Mainz ORA 65: Mainz ORA 05: Mainz ORA 05: Mainz ORA 05: Manfredonia ORA 75: Mantea ORA 75: Mantova ORA 29: Mantova ORA 59: Mantova ORA 63: Mantova ORA 64: Marathon Class. ORA 22: Marathon Class. ORA 23: Marcomanni Tribe ORA 02: Marmara Sea ORA 21: Marseilles ORA 65: Martiano ORA 75: Massagetes ORA 19: Mauretania ORA 34: Mauretania ORA 54: Mecca ORA 45: Media Class. ORA 19: Media Class. ORA 40: Media Class. ORA 65: Mediterranean Sea ORA 01: Mediterranean Sea ORA 01: Mediterranean Sea ORA 19: Mediterranean Sea ORA 21: Mediterranean Sea ORA 22: Megara Class. ORA 09: Meissen ORA 53: Memphis ORA 45: Mesopotamia ORA 49: Mesopotamia ORA 52: Milano ORA 01: Milano ORA 01: Milano ORA 01: Milano ORA 01: Milano ORA 02: Milano ORA 02: Milano ORA 02: Milano ORA 02: Milano ORA 02: Milano ORA 02: Milano ORA 13: Milano ORA 20: Pavia ORA 02: Peloponnese ORA 26: Peloponnese ORA 74: Penna ORA 70: Pera ORA 22: Pera ORA 24: Pergamum Class. ORA 09: Persia ORA 23: Persia ORA 23: Persia ORA 02: Persia ORA 40: Persia ORA 65: Perugia ORA 54: Perugia ORA 61: Perugia ORA 75: Perugia ORA 75: Phenicia ORA 49: Philippi Class. ORA 04: Philistines Bibl. ORA 17: Philstines Bibl. ORA 45: Phocis ORA 45: Piacenza ORA 01: Picardie ORA 37: Piceno ORA 05: Piceno ORA 52: Piceno ORA 52: Piceno ORA 54: Piceno ORA 58: Piceno ORA 75: Piceno ORA 75: Picts Tribe ORA 50: Pienza ORA 69: Pilzen ORA 28: Pirrichian Mountains ORA 22: Pisa ORA 01: Pisa ORA 62: Placentia SEE Piacenza Po ORA 02: Po ORA 63: Po ORA 01: Po ORA 01: Poland ORA 01: Poland ORA 05: Poland ORA 14: Poland ORA 14: Poland ORA 20: Honesty ORA 01: Honesty ORA 72: Honour ORA 06: Honour ORA 06: Horses ORA 45: Horses ORA 75: Hospitality ORA 02: Hospitality ORA 04: Hours, Canonical SEE Canonical hours Houses ORA 01: Houses ORA 01: Housing ORA 01: Housing ORA 01: Housing ORA 01: Humankind ORA 22: Humility ORA 02: Humility ORA 04: Humility ORA 23: Humility ORA 23: Hungary / Wars SEE Wars / Hungary Hunting ORA 01: Hunting ORA 75: Hussite compacts ORA 65: Hussite compacts ORA 65: Hussite wars SEE Wars / Bohemia Hussitism ORA 01: Hussitism ORA 01: Hussitism ORA 05: Hussitism ORA 20: Hussitism ORA 26: Hussitism ORA 28: Hussitism ORA 66: Hypocrisy ORA 02: Hypocrisy ORA 06: Icons ORA 21: Icons ORA 22: Icons ORA 45: Idleness ORA 23: Idleness ORA 23: Illegitimacy ORA 20: Illegitimacy ORA 52: Illegitimacy ORA 52: Illegitimacy ORA 52: Illegitimacy ORA 61: Immortality of soul ORA 09: Imperial coronation, 1312 ORA 18: Imperial coronation, 1355 ORA 18: Imperial coronation, 1452 ORA 15: Imperial coronation, 1452 ORA 17: Imperial coronation, 1452 ORA 18: Imperial coronation, 1452 ORA 19: Imperial coronation, 1452 ORA 20: Imperial coronation, 1452 ORA 20: Imperial coronation, 1452 ORA 20: Imperial coronation, 1452 ORA 20: Imperial Court ORA 01: Imperial election ORA 03: Imperial election, 1440 ORA 03: Imperial election, 1440 ORA 20: Imperial electors ORA 03: Imperial electors ORA 05: Imperial vicars ORA 70: Imperial wedding, 1452 ORA 14: Imperial wedding, 1452 ORA 15: Improvisation ORA 09: Indulgences ORA 01: Indulgences ORA 04: Indulgences ORA 64: Indulgences ORA 64: Indulgences ORA 75: Indulgences, Plenary SEE Plenary indulgences Infantry ORA 01: Infantry ORA 76: Inferiors (Social hierarchy) ORA 06: Information gathering ORA 01: Information gathering ORA 01: Ingratitude ORA 01: Injustice ORA 72: Inspiration, Divine SEE Divine inspiration Intelligence ORA 22: Intercession ORA 72: Intercession ORA 72: Intercession ORA 72: International commerce ORA 21: Invalids SEE Handicapped Investiture ORA 58: Investiture ORA 58: Investiture Controversy ORA 05: Investiture Controversy ORA 20: Islam ORA 35: Islam ORA 45: Islam ORA 45: Islam ORA 46: Islam ORA 52: Islam ORA 76: Issus, Battle of SEE Battle of Issus Italian League, 1455 ORA 27: Italian League, 1455 ORA 52: Italian League, 1455 ORA 52: Italian League, 1455 ORA 61: Italian League, 1455 ORA 61: Italian League, 1458 ORA 52: Italian League, 1459 ORA 58: Italian League, 1460 ORA 58: Italian League, 1461 ORA 58: Italian League, 1462 ORA 58: Italian League, 1462 ORA 58: Italian League, 1465 ORA 75: Italy / Wars SEE Wars / Italy Jealousy SEE Envy Jerusalem, See of SEE See of Jerusalem Journeys SEE Travel Joy ORA 06: Jubilee, 1450 ORA 20: Judges ORA 04: Judges ORA 20: Jurists Papacy and Apostolic Succession ORA 01: Papacy and Apostolic Succession ORA 05: Papacy and Apostolic Succession ORA 15: Papacy and Apostolic Succession ORA 20: Papacy and Apostolic Succession ORA 20: Papacy and Apostolic Succession ORA 30: Papacy and Apostolic Succession ORA 35: Papacy and Apostolic Succession ORA 72: Papacy and Avignon ORA 62: Papacy and Church ORA 01: Papacy and Church ORA 20: Papacy and councils SEE Councils and papacy Papacy and emperors ORA 15: Papacy and emperors ORA 15: Papacy and emperors ORA 15: Papacy and emperors ORA 18: Papacy and emperors ORA 20: Papacy and emperors ORA 20: Papacy and emperors ORA 20: Papacy and emperors ORA 22: Papacy and kings ORA 20: Papacy and kings ORA 20: Papacy and kings ORA 20: Papacy and kings ORA 33: ORA 16: Rural life ORA 06: Rural life ORA 06: Rural life ORA 06: Sabbath ORA 06: Sabbath ORA 06: Sacraments ORA 66: Sacraments ORA 66: Sacraments ORA 74: Sacrilege ORA 21: Safeconducts ORA 01: Safeconducts ORA 58: Safeconducts ORA 58: Saint Peter's Basilica ORA 62: Saint Peter's Ship ORA 05: Saint Peter's Ship ORA 26: Saint Peter's Ship ORA 30: Saint Peter's Ship ORA 59: Saint Stephen's Crown ORA 12: Saint Stephen's Crown ORA 12: Saints ORA 02: Saints ORA 02: Saints ORA 02: Senate, Tusculan SEE Tusculan senate Senses ORA 06: Sensual pleasure Luxuria ORA 09: Servants ORA 45: Seven sages ORA 06: Sexuality ORA 02: Sexuality ORA 02: Sexuality ORA 04: Sexuality ORA 06: Sexuality ORA 06: Sexuality ORA 06: Sexuality ORA 06: Sexuality ORA 06: Sexuality ORA 06: Sexuality ORA 06: Sexuality ORA 06: Sexuality ORA 09: Sexuality ORA 09: Sexuality ORA 14: Sexuality ORA 22: Sexuality ORA 24: Sexuality ORA 26: Sexuality ORA 45: Sexuality ORA 45: Sexuality ORA 52: Sexuality ORA 70: Sexuality ORA 06: Sexuality, Homo-SEE Homosexuality

Celje, Counts of SEE Cilly, Counts of Cereto, Abbot of ORA 01: Cervantes, Juan Ca. ORA 01: Cervantes, Juan ORA 01: Cervantes, Juan ORA 05: Cesarini, Giuliano Ca. ORA 01: Cesarini, Giuliano ORA 05: Cesarini, Giuliano ORA 07: Cesarini, Giuliano ORA 21: Cethegus Ro. ORA 05: Charilaus Kg. Sparta ORA 20: Charlemagne Ho. Ro. Emp. ORA 15: Charlemagne ORA 20: Charlemagne ORA 20: Charlemagne ORA 20: Charlemagne ORA 20: Charlemagne ORA 21: Charlemagne ORA 22: Charlemagne ORA 22: Charlemagne ORA 23: Charlemagne ORA 24: Charlemagne ORA 26: Charlemagne ORA 49: Charlemagne ORA 49: Charlemagne ORA 51: Charlemagne ORA 52: Charlemagne ORA 52: Charlemagne ORA 52: Charlemagne ORA 52: Charlemagne ORA 52: Charlemagne ORA 52: Charlemagne ORA 58: Charlemagne ORA 65: Charlemagne ORA 65: Charlemagne ORA 65: Charles SEE ALSO Karl Charles (Anjou) Pr. Sicily ORA 52: Charles (Anjou) ORA 52: Charles I (Anjou) Kg. Sicily ORA 52: Charles I (Anjou) ORA 52: Charles I (Anjou) ORA 52: Charles I (Anjou) ORA 52: Charles I (Anjou) ORA 65: Charles II (Anjou) Kg. Sicily ORA 52: Charles II (Anjou) ORA 52: Charles II (Anjou) ORA 65: Francesco I Sforza ORA 49: Francesco I Sforza ORA 52: Francesco I Sforza ORA 52: Francesco I Sforza ORA 52: Francesco I Sforza ORA 54: Francesco I Sforza ORA 58: Francesco I Sforza ORA 70: Francesco I Sforza ORA 70: Francesco I Sforza ORA 75: Francesco I Sforza ORA 75: Francesco I Sforza ORA 76: Francesco I Sforza ORA 80: Francis SEE Francois Francois II Dk. Bretagne ORA 50: Francois II ORA 79: Frederick SEE Friedrich Friedrich I (Habsburg) Kg. Romans ORA 14: Friedrich I (Habsburg) ORA 20: Friedrich I (Habsburg) ORA 26: Friedrich I (Wittelsbach) Ct. Palatine ORA 38: Friedrich I Barbarossa (Hohenstaufen) Ho. Ro. Emp. ORA 20: Friedrich I Barbarossa (Hohenstaufen) ORA 21: Friedrich I Barbarossa (Hohenstaufen) ORA 22: Friedrich I Barbarossa (Hohenstaufen) ORA 24: Friedrich I der Siegreiche (Wittelsbach) Co. Palatine ORA 20: Friedrich I der Siegreiche (Wittelsbach) ORA 23: Friedrich I der Siegreiche (Wittelsbach) ORA 48: Friedrich II (Babenberg) Du. Austria ORA 20: Friedrich II (Babenberg) ORA 26: Friedrich II (Hohenstaufen) Ho. Ro. Emp. ORA 20: Friedrich II (Hohenstaufen) ORA 20: Friedrich II (Hohenstaufen) ORA 20: Friedrich II (Hohenstaufen) ORA 20: Friedrich II (Hohenstaufen) ORA 21: Friedrich II (Hohenstaufen) ORA 52: Friedrich II (Hohenstaufen) ORA 52: Friedrich II (Hohenzollern) Mg. Brandenburg ORA 38: Friedrich II (Hohenzollern) ORA 48: Friedrich III (Habsburg) Ho. Ro. Emp. ORA 05: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 07: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 08: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 09: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 10: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 11: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 12: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 13: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 14: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 15: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 16: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 17: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 18: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 19: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 20: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 21: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 22: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 23: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 24: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 25: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 26: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 27: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 28: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 40: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 41: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 47: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 51: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 52: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 54: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 54: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 62: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 73: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 75: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 78: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 79: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 79: Friedrich III (Habsburg) ORA 79: Friedrich IV (Habsburg) Gedeon SEE Gideon Gelasius I Po. ORA 20: Gelasius I ORA 20: Gelasius I ORA 20: Gelasius I ORA 20: Gellius, Aulus Ro. Author ORA 04: Gellius, Aulus ORA 04: Gellius, Aulus ORA 14: Gellius, Aulus ORA 23: Gellius, Aulus ORA 24: Georg Castriot SEE Skanderbeg Georg Podiebrad Kg. Bohemia ORA 23: Georg Podiebrad ORA 24: Georg Podiebrad ORA 28: Georg Podiebrad ORA 28: Georg Podiebrad ORA 28: Georg Podiebrad ORA 28: Georg Podiebrad ORA 28: Georg Podiebrad ORA 54: Georg Podiebrad ORA 66: Georg Podiebrad ORA 79: Gerberga Wife of Carloman ORA 52: Germanus Bp. Gaul ORA 23: Germanus ORA 24: Gervasius Mt. ORA 02: Gian Galeazzo Visconti Dk. Milan ORA 01: Gian Galeazzo Visconti ORA 01: Gian Galeazzo Visconti ORA 27: Gideon Bibl. ORA 23: Gideon ORA 35: Gideon ORA 45: Gideon ORA 54: Giles of Roma SEE Egidio Romano Giotto SEE Bondone Giovanna I Qn. Sicily ORA 52: Giovanna I ORA 52: Giovanna I ORA 52: Giovanna I ORA 52: Giovanna II Qn. Sicily ORA 52: Giustinian, Bernardo ORA 70: God ORA 01: Godefroy de Bouillon ORA 19: Godefroy de Bouillon ORA 21: Godefroy de Bouillon ORA 22: Godefroy de Bouillon ORA 45: Godefroy de Bouillon ORA 45: ORA 52: Jesse ORA 15: Jesus Christ ORA 45: Jesus Christ Bibl. (Select. Indexed) ORA 03: Jesus Christ ORA 04: Jesus Christ ORA 04: Jesus Christ ORA 04: Jesus Christ ORA 06: Jesus Christ ORA 45: Jesus Christ ORA 45: Jesus Christ ORA 45: Jesus Christ ORA 45: Jesus Christ ORA 45: Jesus Christ ORA 45: Jesus Christ ORA 38: Jesus Christ ORA 45: Jesus Christ ORA 45: Jesus Christ ORA 52: Jesus Christ ORA 52: Jesus Christ ORA 65: Jesus Christ ORA 65: Joanna SEE Giovanna Joao I Kg. Portugal ORA 14: Joas Bibl. ORA 20: Job Bibl. ORA 39: Johann (Luxembourg) Kg. Bohemia ORA 24: Johann I Dk. Cleve ORA 73: Johann I ORA 79: Johann von Mauerbach SEE Mauerbach, Johann von Johannes VIII (Palaeologus) By. Emp. ORA 01: Johannes VIII (Palaeologus) ORA 01: Johannes XII Po. ORA 22: Johannes XXI Po. ORA 52: Johannes XXII Po. ORA 52: Johannes XXIII Po. ORA 52: John Ap. ORA 06: John ORA 06: John ORA 06: John ORA 06: John ORA 06: John ORA 20: John ORA 30: John ORA 45: John ORA 45: John ORA 45: John ORA 52: John Chrysostom Ar. ORA 11: John Chrysostom ORA 20: John Chrysostom ORA 45: John the Baptist Bibl. ORA 06: John the Baptist ORA 06: John the Baptist ORA 09: John the Baptist ORA 23: John the Baptist ORA 76: Jonah Bibl. ORA 20: Joseph Bibl. ORA 06: Josephos II Patriarch Constantinople ORA 01: Josephus Jewish-Roman author ORA 09: Joshua Bibl. ORA 11: Joshua ORA 11: Joshua ORA 19: Joshua ORA 22: Joshua ORA 23: Joshua ORA 24: Joshua ORA 35: Joshua ORA 35: Joshua ORA 45: Jouffroy, Jean Ca. ORA 65: Jouffroy, Jean ORA 65: Juan II (Aragon) Kg. Aragon ORA 01: Juan II (Aragon) ORA 14: Juan II (Aragon) ORA 36: Juan II (Aragon) ORA 54: Juan II (Aragon) ORA 54: Juan II (Aragon) ORA 79: Juan II (Trastámara) Kg. Castile ORA 01: Juan II (Trastámara) ORA 14: Juda, Kings of Bibl. ORA 65: Judah Bibl. ORA 35: Judah ORA 52: Judas Iscariot Ap. ORA 04: Judas Iscariot ORA 04: Judas Iscariot ORA 14: Judas Maccabaeus Bibl. ORA 53: Judith Bibl. ORA 22: Judith ORA 23: Judith ORA 45: Jugurtha Kg. Numidia ORA 52: Julianus (Apostata) Ro. Emp. ORA 23: Julius Caesar, Gajus Ro. Statesman ORA 01: Julius Caesar, Gajus ORA 01: Julius Caesar, Gajus ORA 06: Julius Caesar, Gajus ORA 08: Julius Caesar, Gajus ORA 08: Julius Caesar, Gajus ORA 09: Julius Caesar, Gajus ORA 15: Julius Caesar, Gajus ORA 19: Julius Caesar, Gajus ORA 21: Julius Caesar, Gajus ORA 22: Julius Caesar, Gajus ORA 22: Julius Caesar, Gajus ORA 23: Julius Caesar, Gajus ORA 23: Julius Caesar, Gajus ORA 23: Julius Caesar, Gajus ORA 45: Julius Caesar, Gajus ORA 48: Julius Caesar, Gajus ORA 49: Julius Caesar, Gajus ORA 50: Julius Caesar, Gajus ORA 50: Julius Caesar, Gajus ORA 54: Julius Caesar, Gajus ORA 65: Julius I Po. ORA 20: Jupiter Myth. ORA 04: Jupiter ORA 05: Jupiter ORA 23: Jupiter ORA 26: Jupiter ORA 45: Jupiter ORA 62: Justina Ro. Emp. ORA 02: Justina ORA 02: Justinianus I Ro. Emp. ORA 04: Justinianus I ORA 04: Justinianus I ORA 19: Justinianus I ORA 21: ORA 20: Leonidas Kg. Sparta ORA 23: Leonora of Aragon Qn. Portugal ORA 14: Leonora of Portugal Ho. Ro. Emp. ORA 14: Leonora of Portugal ORA 15: Leonora of Portugal ORA 18: Leonora of Portugal ORA 20: Leonora of Portugal ORA 26: Leonora of Portugal ORA 26: Leontius Citizen of Milan ORA 02: Leopold III (Habsburg) Dk. Austria ORA 14: ORA 06: Moses ORA 06: Moses ORA 06: Moses ORA 06: Moses ORA 06: Moses ORA 06: Moses ORA 06: Moses ORA 06: Moses ORA 06: Moses ORA 11: Moses ORA 17: Moses ORA 19: Moses ORA 22: Moses ORA 23: Moses ORA 24: Moses ORA 30: Moses ORA 30: Moses ORA 35: Moses ORA 35: Moses ORA 35: Moses ORA 45: Moses ORA 45: Moses ORA 45: Moses ORA 49: Moses ORA 62: Moses ORA 75: Muhammad Prophet ORA 17: Muhammad ORA 19: Muhammad ORA 19: Muhammad ORA 19: Muhammad ORA 19: Muhammad ORA 20: Muhammad ORA 21: Muhammad ORA 21: Muhammad ORA 21: Muhammad ORA 22: Muhammad ORA 22: Muhammad ORA 22: Muhammad ORA 22: Muhammad ORA 24: ORA 02: Paul ORA 04: Paul ORA 05: Paul ORA 06: Paul ORA 08: Paul ORA 11: Paul ORA 11: Paul ORA 17: Paul ORA 19: Paul ORA 19: Paul ORA 20: Paul ORA 20: Paul ORA 20: Paul ORA 20: Paul ORA 20: Paul ORA 20: Paul ORA 20: Paul ORA 20: Paul ORA 22: Paul ORA 22: Paul ORA 26: Paul ORA 30: Paul ORA 31: Paul ORA 35: Paul ORA 38: Paul ORA 39: Paul ORA 40: Paul ORA 45: Paul ORA 45: Paul ORA 52: Paul ORA 62: Paul ORA 65: Paul ORA 65: Paul ORA 65: Paul ORA 67: Paul ORA 68: Paul ORA 75: Paul ORA 76: Paulus Sa. ORA 62: Pausanias Gk. Geographer ORA 22: Pausanias ORA 45: Payne, Peter ORA 20: Pedro de Aragon (d. 1438) ORA 36: Pedro III el Grande Kg. Aragon ORA 52: Pepin II de Herstal ORA 65: Pepin III le Bref Kg. Franks ORA 20: Pepin III le Bref ORA 22: Pepin III le Bref ORA 22: Pepin III le Bref ORA 22: Pepin III le Bref ORA 22: Pepin III le Bref ORA 26: Pepin III le Bref ORA 45: Pepin III le Bref ORA 51: Pepin III le Bref ORA 52: Pepin III le Bref ORA 52: Perdiccas Gk. General ORA 20: Pergola, Delfino da Bp. ORA 01: Perugia, Gaspare da ORA 01: Perugia, Gaspare da ORA 01: Perugia, Gaspare da ORA 01: Peter Ap. ORA 01: Peter ORA 04: Peter ORA 05: Peter ORA 06: Peter ORA 06: Peter ORA 06: Peter ORA 06: Peter ORA 06: Peter ORA 06: Peter ORA 06: Peter ORA 11: Peter ORA 15: Peter ORA 19: Peter ORA 20: Peter ORA 20: Peter ORA 20: Peter ORA 20: Peter ORA 20: Peter ORA 20: Peter ORA 20: Peter ORA 20: Peter ORA 30: Peter ORA 30: Peter ORA 34: Peter ORA 35: Peter ORA 35: ORA 74: Socrates Gk. Philosopher ORA 01: Socrates ORA 01: Socrates ORA 01: Socrates ORA 02: Socrates ORA 02: Socrates ORA 02: Socrates ORA 03: Socrates ORA 04: Socrates ORA 06: Socrates ORA 06: Socrates ORA 06: Socrates ORA 06: Socrates ORA 06: Socrates ORA 06: Socrates ORA 06: Socrates ORA 06: Socrates ORA 06: Socrates ORA 14: Soleri, Giovanni ORA 27: Solomon Bibl. ORA 09: Solomon ORA 09: Solomon ORA 11: Solomon ORA 35: Solomon ORA 35: Solomon ORA 45: Solomon ORA 52: Solomon ORA 52: Solomon ORA 65: Solomon ORA 65: Solon Gk. Statesman ORA 06: Solon ORA 08: Solon ORA 09: Solon ORA 20: Solon ORA 20: Sophocles Gk. Playwright ORA 04: Sophocles ORA 09: Aragon ORA 52: Aragon ORA 79: Arcadia Class. ORA 06: Arce ORA 75: Archipelago SEE Ionian Sea Argolia SEE Greece Argos ORA 65: Arm of Saint George SEE Hellespont Armenia ORA 05: Armenia ORA 22: Armenia ORA 45: Arpino ORA 75: Artemisium Class. ORA 22: Ascoli ORA 61: Ascoli ORA 75: Asia ORA 01: Asia ORA 10: Asia ORA 19: Asia ORA 19: Asia ORA 22: Asia ORA 22: Asia ORA 22: Asia ORA 22: Asia ORA 23: Asia ORA 24: Asia ORA 44: Asia ORA 45: Asia ORA 45: Asia ORA 45: Asia ORA 45: Asia ORA 45: Asia ORA 45: Asia ORA 54: Asia Minor ORA 01: Asia Minor ORA 20: Asia Minor ORA 22: Asia Minor ORA 22: Asia Minor ORA 22: Asia Minor ORA 26: Asia Minor ORA 33: Asia Minor ORA 45: Asia Minor ORA 76: Asia Minor ORA 09: Asia Minor ORA 51: Asia Minor ORA 80: Aspach ORA 06: Bruteni SEE Prussians Buda ORA 12: Bulgaria ORA 21: Bulgaria ORA 22: Bulgaria ORA 52: Bulgaria ORA 64: Bulgaria ORA 65: Bulgaria ORA 74: Burgundy SEE Bourgogne Byzantine Empire SEE Greek Empire Caesarea Class. ORA 65: Calabria ORA 01: Calabria ORA 75: Calabria ORA 75: Calvary ORA 45: Campagna Class. ORA 01: Campagna ORA 52: Campagna ORA 75: Campagna ORA 75: Campobasso ORA 75: Cappadocia ORA 22: Cappadocia ORA 45: Capua ORA 52: Capua ORA 52: Capua ORA 58: Capua ORA 58: Caramanni ORA 75: Carinthia SEE Kärnten Carniola SEE Krain Carthage Class. ORA 02: Carthage Class. ORA 18: Carthage Class. ORA 19: Carthage Class. ORA 20: Carthage Class. ORA 22: Carthage Class. ORA 23: Carthage Class. ORA 40: Carthage Class. ORA 45: Carthage Class. ORA 65: Carthage Class. ORA 65: Carthage Class. ORA 72: Caspian Mountains ORA 22: Cassinum Class. ORA 01: Castile SEE Castilla Castilla ORA 26: Castilla ORA 35: Castilla ORA 59: East, The ORA 65: East, The ORA 65: East, The ORA 73: East, The ORA 74: East, The ORA 74: Eastern Empire SEE Greek Em pire Edessa ORA 52: Egypt Class. ORA 08: Egypt ORA 19: Egypt ORA 20: Egypt ORA 22: Egypt ORA 35: Egypt ORA 35: Egypt ORA 45: Egypt ORA 52: Egypt ORA 65: Emilia SEE Romagnola Empire, Eastern SEE Greek Empire Empire, German Roman SEE Holy Roman Empire Empire, Greek SEE Greek Empire Empire, Holy Roman SEE Holy Roman Empire Empire, Roman SEE Roman Empire Eneti ORA 50: England ORA 01: England ORA 05: England ORA 05: England ORA 14: England ORA 20: England ORA 22: England ORA 24: England ORA 25: England ORA 25: England ORA 35: England ORA 37: England ORA 45: England ORA 45: England ORA 50: England ORA 50: England ORA 64: England ORA 70: England ORA 75: England ORA 79: Ephesus Class. ORA 45: Epirus ORA 01: Epirus ORA 26: Epirus ORA 45: Etsch ORA 14: Euphrates ORA 52: Europe Corner of ORA 23: Europe Corner of ORA 24: Europe Corner of ORA 26: Europe Corner of ORA 45: Europe ORA 01: Europe ORA 10: Europe ORA 19: Europe ORA 19: Europe ORA 20: Europe ORA 21: Europe ORA 21: Europe ORA 22: Europe ORA 26: Europe ORA 45: Europe ORA 52: Europe ORA 52: Europe ORA 65: Europe ORA 74: Europe ORA 74: Europe ORA 79: Euxine Sea ORA 21: Euxine Sea ORA 22: Euxine Sea ORA 22: Euxine Sea ORA 74: Falernum Class. ORA 01: Fano ORA 75: Ferrara ORA 20: Ferrara ORA 70: Ferrara ORA 72: Ficulle ORA 75: Firenze ORA 01: Firenze ORA 01: Firenze ORA 01: Firenze ORA 01: Firenze ORA 01: Firenze ORA 01: Firenze ORA 01: Firenze ORA 02: Firenze ORA 20: Firenze ORA 24: Firenze ORA 25: Firenze ORA 31: Firenze ORA 52: Firenze ORA 52: France ORA 65: France ORA 79: Francia SEE France Franckfordia SEE Frankfurt Franconia SEE Franken Franken ORA 15: Franken ORA 22: Franken ORA 22: Franken ORA 28: Franken ORA 38: Franken ORA 65: Frankfurt ORA 20: Frankfurt ORA 21: Franks People ORA 23: Franks People ORA 26: Franks People ORA 49: Franks People ORA 52: Franks People ORA 52: Franks People ORA 52: Franks People ORA 52: Franks People ORA 58: Franks People ORA 65: Franks People ORA 65: Freising ORA 05: Friesland ORA 05: Friesland ORA 37: Friuli ORA 01: Friuli ORA 13: Friuli ORA 45: Fulgino ORA 52: Gaeta ORA 01: Gaeta ORA 52: Galata ORA 26: Gallia SEE France Gallia Cisalpina SEE Cisalpine Gaul Gallipoli ORA 25: Gascogne ORA 50: Gaul Class. ORA 31: Gaul ORA 22: Gaul ORA 22: Gaul ORA 24: Gaul ORA 39: Gaul ORA 45: Gaul ORA 45: Gaul ORA 48: Gaul ORA 48: Gaul ORA 49: Gaul ORA 50: Gaul ORA 51: Gaul ORA 52: Gaul ORA 52: Gaul ORA 52: Gauls People ORA 22: Geldre ORA 05: Genova ORA 01: Genova ORA 01: Genova ORA 01: Genova ORA 22: Genova ORA 49: Genova ORA 49: Genova ORA 52: Genova ORA 52: Genova ORA 52: Genova ORA 54: Genova ORA 62: Genova ORA 70: Genova ORA 75: Georgia ORA 22: Gepids Tribe ORA 22: German Roman Empire SEE Holy Roman Empire Germania SEE Deutschland Gibraltar Strait ORA 22: ORA 65: Greece ORA 01: Greece ORA 01: Greece ORA 17: Greece ORA 21: Greece ORA 22: Greece ORA 22: Greece ORA 22: Greece ORA 23: Greece ORA 24: Greece ORA 26: Greece ORA 27: Greece ORA 27: Greece ORA 29: Greece ORA 33: Greece ORA 45: Greece ORA 51: Greece ORA 59: Greece ORA 64: Greece ORA 75: Greece ORA 78: Greece ORA 80: Greek Empire ORA 15: Greek Empire ORA 21: Greek Empire ORA 22: Greek Empire ORA 35: Greek Empire ORA 40: Greek Empire ORA 45: Greek Empire ORA 52: Greek Empire ORA 52: Greek Empire ORA 65: Greek Empire ORA 71: Gualdo ORA 49: Gualdo ORA 52: Gualdo ORA 58: Gualdo ORA 61: Gunz ORA 12: Gunz ORA 20: Haspach SEE Aspach Hebrews SEE ALSO Israel Hebrews ORA 09: Hellespont ORA 05: Hellespont ORA 21: Hellespont ORA 22: Hellespont ORA 25: Helvetii Tribe ORA 22: Helvetii Tribe ORA 49: Hierosolyma SEE Jerusalem Hierusalem SEE Jerusalem Holland ORA 05: Holland ORA 37: Holy Land SEE ALSO Palestine Holy Land ORA 19: Holy land ORA 22: Holy Land ORA 22: Holy Roman Empire ORA 21: Holy Roman Empire ORA 03: Holy Roman Empire ORA 05: Holy Roman Empire ORA 11: Holy Roman Empire ORA 13: Holy Roman Empire ORA 14: Holy Roman Empire ORA 20: Holy Roman Empire ORA 20: Holy Roman Empire ORA 20: Holy Roman Empire ORA 20: Holy Roman Empire ORA 20: Holy Roman Empire ORA 20: Holy Roman Empire ORA 22: Holy Roman Empire ORA 23: Holy Roman Empire ORA 26: Holy Roman Empire ORA 26: Holy Roman Empire ORA 40: Holy Roman Empire ORA 51: Holy Roman Empire ORA 52: Holy Roman Empire ORA 52: Holy Roman Empire ORA 65: Holy Roman Empire ORA 70: Holy Roman Empire ORA 71: Holy Roman Empire ORA 79: Hungary SEE ALSO Pannonia Hungary ORA 03: Hungary ORA 03: Libya ORA 01: Libya ORA 10: Libya ORA 20: Liguria ORA 05: Liguria ORA 70: Lithuania ORA 45: Livonia ORA 19: Livonia ORA 45: Lombardia ORA 01: Lombardia ORA 01: Lombardia ORA 01: Lombardia ORA 01: Lombardia ORA 02: Lombardia ORA 05: Lombardia ORA 13: Lombardia ORA 15: Lombardia ORA 15: Lombardia ORA 20: Lombardia ORA 70: Lombards People ORA 20: Lombards People ORA 22: Lombards People ORA 24: Lombards People ORA 52: Lombards People ORA 52: Lombards People ORA 65: Longobards SEE Lombards Lucca ORA 54: Lucca ORA 62: Lucca ORA 76: Lucera ORA 75: Luxembourg ORA 25: Lydia Class. ORA 06: Lydia Class. ORA 65: Lyon Niniveh Bibl. ORA 20: Niniveh Bibl. ORA 20: Nocera ORA 49: Nocera ORA 52: Nocera ORA 52: Nocera ORA 58: Nocera ORA 61: Noricum SEE ALSO Bayern Noricum ORA 47: Normandie ORA 28: Normandie ORA 52: North Sea ORA 14: North, The ORA 24: North, The ORA 26: North, The ORA 45: North, The ORA 75: Norway ORA 45: Nürnberg ORA 20: Nürnberg ORA 20: Nürnberg ORA 22: Occidens SEE West, The Ocean, The ORA 11: Ocean, The ORA 19: Ocean, The ORA 22: Ocean, The ORA 50: Ocean, The ORA 65: Ocean, The ORA 79: Ödenburg SEE Sopron Österreich ORA 03: Österreich ORA 03: Österreich ORA 05: Österreich ORA 05: Österreich ORA 12: Österreich ORA 15: Österreich ORA 16: Österreich ORA 20: Österreich ORA 22: Österreich ORA 23: Österreich ORA 26: Österreich ORA 28: Österreich ORA 28: Österreich ORA 28: Österreich ORA 37: Österreich ORA 38: Österreich ORA 41: Österreich ORA 47: Poland ORA 20: Poland ORA 22: Poland ORA 22: Poland ORA 26: Poland ORA 28: Poland ORA 28: Poland ORA 38: Poland ORA 45: Poland ORA 45: Poland ORA 52: Poland ORA 53: Poland ORA 66: Poland ORA 79: Pontecorvo ORA 75: Pontus ORA 22: Pontus ORA 45: Pontus ORA 45: Pontus Euxinus SEE Euxine Sea Portugal ORA 14: Portugal ORA 20: Portugal ORA 26: Portugal ORA 34: Portugal ORA 79: Posonium Pressburg, Bratislava ORA 12: Possonium SEE Bratislava Poszon SEE Bratislava Prague ORA 28: Prague ORA 28: Pressburg SEE Bratislava Preussen ORA 05: Preussen ORA 22: Preussen ORA 22: Propontis SEE Marmara Sea Provence ORA 52: Prussia SEE Preussen Prussians ORA 22: Pruteni SEE Prussians Ptolemais ORA 52: Puglia ORA 01: Puglia ORA 05: Puglia ORA 52: Puglia ORA 52: Puglia ORA 75: Puglia ORA 75: Pyrenees ORA 24: Pyrenees ORA 49: Pyrenees ORA 65: Pyrenees ORA 79: Raetia SEE Rhaetia Ragusa SEE Dubrovnik Ragusa ORA 76: Rascia SEE Serbia Ratisbon SEE Regensburg Ravenna ORA 01: Ravenna ORA 24: Ravenna ORA 52: Regensburg ORA 73: Rhaetia ORA 22: Rhaetia ORA 65: Rhein ORA 11: Rhein ORA 22: Rhein ORA 22: Rhein ORA 22: Rhein ORA 22: Rhein ORA 22: Rhein ORA 24: Rhein ORA 26: Rhein ORA 45: Rhein ORA 49: Rhein ORA 79: Rheinland ORA 15: Rheinland ORA 22: Rhine SEE Rhein Rhodes Class. ORA 24: Rhodes ORA 19: Rhodes ORA 23: Rhodes ORA 74: Rhone ORA 75: Rhone ORA 79: Rieti ORA 75: Rieti ORA 75: Rimini ORA 70: Rimini ORA 75: Rimini ORA 75: Rocca di Canale ORA 75: Rocca Guilielma ORA 75: Roma Class. ORA 14: Roma Class. ORA 45: Roma Class. ORA 53: Roma Class. ORA 62: Roma Class. ORA 01: Roma Class. ORA 02: Roma Class. ORA 03: Roma Class. ORA 04: Roma Class. ORA 09: Roma Class. ORA 18: Roma Class. ORA 19: Roma Class. ORA 21: Roma Class. ORA 22: Roma Class. ORA 22: Roma Class. ORA 22: Roma Class. ORA 22: Roma Class. ORA 23: Roma Class. ORA 31: Roma Class. ORA 38: Roma Class. ORA 39: Roma Class. ORA 45: Roma Class. ORA 70: Roma Class. ORA 72: Roma ORA 01: Roma ORA 20: Roma ORA 20: Roma ORA 20: Roma ORA 20: Roma ORA 20: Roma ORA 26: Roma ORA 29: Roma ORA 29: Roma ORA 41: Roma ORA 52: Roma ORA 54: Roma ORA 60: Roma ORA 61: Roma ORA 61: Roma ORA 62: Roma ORA 67: Roma ORA 73: Roma ORA 75: Roma ORA 75: Roma ORA 75: Romagnola ORA 01: Romagnola ORA 05: Roman Empire Class. ORA 02: Roman Empire Class. ORA 02: Roman Empire Class. ORA 19: Roman Empire Class. ORA 22: Roman Empire Class. ORA 22: Roman Empire Class. ORA 22: Venezia ORA 01: Venezia ORA 01: Venezia ORA 01: Venezia ORA 03: Venezia ORA 03: Venezia ORA 05: Venezia ORA 13: Venezia ORA 20: Venezia ORA 20: Venezia ORA 21: Venezia ORA 22: Venezia ORA 24: Venezia ORA 44: Venezia ORA 52: Venezia ORA 52: Venezia ORA 52: Venezia ORA 52: Venezia ORA 54: Venezia ORA 58: Venezia ORA 62: Venezia ORA 64: Venezia ORA 64: Venezia ORA 70: Venezia ORA 71: Venezia ORA 72: Venezia ORA 74: Venezia ORA 75: Venezia ORA 75: Venezia ORA 77: Verona ORA 70: Verruchio ORA 75: Vicenza ORA 70: Vienna SEE Wien Vieste ORA 75: Vistula ORA 48: Viterbo ORA 55: Vulcanian Isles ORA 01: Wallachia ORA 27: Wallachia ORA 46: Wallachia ORA 52: Wallachia ORA 59: Wallachia ORA 64: Wallachia ORA 64: Wallachia ORA 74: Wallachia ORA 78: Wallachia ORA 80: West, The ORA 21: West, The ORA 24: West, The ORA 26: West, The ORA 27: West, The ORA 29: West, The ORA 35: West, The ORA 45: West, The ORA 49: West, The ORA 65: West, The ORA 73: West, The ORA 75: West, The ORA 75: West, The ORA 76: Wien ORA 20: Wien ORA 20: Wien ORA 20: Wien ORA 20: Wien ORA 20: Wien ORA 20: Wien ORA 20: Wiener Neustadt ORA 20: Wiener Neustadt ORA 25: Wiener Neustadt ORA 28: World, The ORA 45: ORA 26: Battle of Belgrade, 1456 ORA 32: Battle of Belgrade, 1456 ORA 45: Battle of Belgrade, 1456 ORA 54: Battle of Cannae, 216 BCE ORA 01: Battle of Gaugamela, 331 BCE ORA 23: Battle of Issus, 333 BCE ORA 23: Battle of Marathon, 490 BCE ORA 23: Battle of Nicopolis, 1396 ORA 23: Battle of Varna, 1444 ORA 23: Battle of Varna, 1444 ORA 32: Battle of Vercellae 101 BCE ORA 23: Chancelleries SEE Chanceries Chanceries ORA 20: Chancery documents ORA 09: Chapters, Cathedral SEE Cathedral chapters Chastity ORA 04: Chastity ORA 06: Children ORA 04: Children ORA 06: Children ORA 06: Children ORA 14: Christ, Divinity of SEE Divinity of Christ Christ, Passion of SEE Passion of Christ Christ, Resurrection of SEE Resurrection of Christ Christ, Seamless tunic of SEE Seamless tunic of Christ Christ, Vicar of SEE Vicar of Christ Christendom SEE Christianity Christian commonwealth SEE Christianity Christian community SEE Christianity Christian doctrine ORA 35: Christian Faith ORA 45: Christian kings SEE Christian princes Christian life ORA 06: Christian military superiority SEE Western military superiority Christian princes ORA 60: Christian princes ORA 64: Christian princes ORA 64: Christian princes ORA 73: Christian princes ORA 75: Christian religion SEE Christianity Christian republic SEE Christianity Christian warfare ORA 23: Christian warfare ORA 24: Christianity ORA 01: Christianity ORA 01: Christianity ORA 01: Christianity ORA 05: Christianity ORA 05: Christianity ORA 22: Christianity ORA 22: Christianity ORA 23: Christianity ORA 73: Christianity ORA 74: Christianity ORA 75: Christian authors vs. classical SEE Classical authors vs. Christian Chur, See of SEE See of Chur Church and Papacy SEE Papacy and Church Church and princes SEE Princes and Church Church government ORA 75: Church hierarchy SEE Religious hierarchy Church militant ORA 11: Church militant ORA 11: Church militant ORA 20: Church militant ORA 39: Church militant ORA 62: Church militant ORA 62: Church reform ORA 04: Church triumphant ORA 20: Church triumphant ORA 62: Church triumphant ORA 65: Church unity ORA 03: Church unity ORA 03: Church unity ORA 20: Church unity ORA 66: Church, Catholic SEE Catholic church Church, Doctors of the SEE Doctors of the Church Church, Early SEE Early Church Church, Eastern SEE Eastern Church Church, Greek SEE Greek Church Church, Latin SEE Latin Church Church, Oriental SEE Oriental Church Church, Universal SEE Universal Church Church, Universal SEE Universal Church Church, Western SEE Latin Church Churches ORA 21: Circumcision ORA 45: Cistercian order ORA 20: Cities, German SEE German cities Citizenship, World SEE Cosmopolitanism City government ORA 01: City magistrates ORA 01: City magistrates ORA 20: Civil law ORA 05: Civil law ORA 08: Civil law ORA 09: Classical vs. Christian authors ORA 02: Classical vs. Christian authors ORA 02: Classical vs. Christian authors ORA 02: Classical vs. Christian authors ORA 02: Classical vs. Christian authors ORA 06: Classical vs. Christian authors ORA 09: Classical vs. Christian authors ORA 09: Classical vs. Christian authors ORA 09: ORA 06: Congress of Arras, 1435 ORA 52: Congress of Mantua, 1459 ORA 29: Congress of Mantua, 1459 ORA 32: Congress of Mantua, 1459 ORA 43: Congress of Mantua, 1459 ORA 54: Congress of Mantua, 1459 ORA 58: Congress of Mantua, 1459 ORA 59: Congress of Mantua, 1459 ORA 60: Congress of Mantua, 1459 ORA 60: Congress of Mantua, 1459 ORA 61: Congress of Mantua, 1459 ORA 63: Congress of Mantua, 1459 ORA 64: Congress of Mantua, 1459 ORA 73: Congress of Mantua, 1459 ORA 73: Congress of Mantua, 1459 ORA 74: Congress of Mantua, 1459 ORA 75: Congress of Mantua, 1459 ORA 75: Congress of Mantua, 1459 ORA 75: Congress of Mantua, 1459 ORA 79: Conscience ORA 04: Conscience ORA 06: Consistory, Papal SEE Papal consistory Constance, Council of SEE Council of Konstanz Constantine, Donation of SEE Donation of Constantine Constantinople, See of SEE See of Constantinople Consuls, Roman SEE Roman consuls Contemplative life ORA 20: Contempt of the world ORA 20: Contract, Social SEE Social contract Conversation ORA 06: Copper ORA 02: Coronations, Imperial SEE Imperial coronations Coronations ORA 15: Coronations ORA 20: Cosmopolitanism ORA 01: Cosmopolitanism ORA 03: Cosmopolitanism ORA 06: Council of Basel ORA 41: Council of Basel, 1431-1438 ORA 01: Council of Basel, 1431-1438 ORA 02: Council of Basel, 1431-1438 ORA 03: Council of Basel, 1431-1438 ORA 04: Council of Basel, 1431-1438 ORA 05: Council of Basel, 1431-1438 ORA 07: Council of Basel, 1431-1438 ORA 11: Council of Basel, 1431-1438 ORA 11: Council of Basel, 1431-1438 ORA 11: Council of Basel, 1431-1438 ORA 20: Council of Basel, 1431-1438 ORA 20: Council of Basel, 1431-1438 ORA 28: Council of Basel, 1431-1438 ORA 28: Council of Basel, 1431-1438 ORA 28: Council of Basel, 1431-1438 ORA 40: Council of Basel, 1431-1438 ORA 52: Council of Basel, 1431-1438 ORA 66: Council of Basel, 1431-1438 ORA 66: Council of Basel, 1431-1438 ORA 66: Council of Basel, 1431-1438 ORA 66: Council of Basel, 1431-1439 ORA 28: Council of Basel, 1431-1439 ORA 28: Council of Basel, Germany and SEE Germany and Council of Basel Council of Chalcedon, 451 ORA 05: Council of Chalcedon, 451 ORA 21: Council of Konstanz, 1414-1418 ORA 03: Council of Konstanz, 1414-1418 ORA 04: Council of Konstanz, 1414-1418 ORA 11: Council of Konstanz, 1414-1418 ORA 20: Council of Konstanz, 1414-1418 ORA 20: Council of Konstanz, 1414-1418 ORA 28: Council of Konstanz, 1414-1418 ORA 28: Council of Konstanz, 1414-1418 ORA 52: Council of Konstanz, 1414-1418 ORA 65: Council of Konstanz, 1414-1418 ORA 66: Council of Konstanz, 1414-1418 ORA 66: Council of Konstanz, 1414-1419 ORA 28: Council of Lyon, II, 1274 ORA 52: Council of Nicaea, I, 325 ORA 04: Council of Nicaea, I, 325 ORA 05: Council of Nicaea, I, 325 ORA 65: Councils ORA 04: Councils ORA 06: Councils ORA 15: Councils ORA 19: Councils ORA 20: Councils ORA 20: Councils ORA 66: Councils ORA 74: Councils and Papacy ORA 01: Councils and Papacy ORA 01: Councils and Papacy ORA 01: Councils and Papacy ORA 01: Councils and Papacy ORA 01: Councils and Papacy ORA 01: Councils and Papacy ORA 01: Councils and Papacy ORA 03: Councils and Papacy ORA 04: Councils and Papacy ORA 04: Councils and Papacy ORA 04: Councils and Papacy ORA 04: Councils and Papacy ORA 05: Councils and Papacy ORA 11: Councils and Papacy ORA 20: Councils and Papacy ORA 20: Councils and Papacy ORA 20: Councils and Papacy ORA 20: Councils and Papacy ORA 20: Councils and princes ORA 01: Councils and princes ORA 01: Councils and princes ORA 01: Councils and princes ORA 04: Counsellors ORA 20: Courage ORA 04: Court, Imperial SEE Imperial Court Court, Papal SEE Roman Curia Courtly pomp ORA 01: Courts, Royal SEE Royal courts Covenant, Ark of the SEE Ark of the Covenant Cows ORA 06: Cranes ORA 39: Credit ORA 75: Crime ORA 04: Crime ORA 70: Crimes, Notorious SEE Notorious crimes Cross, Enemies of the SEE Enemies of the Cross Crown, Saint Stephen's SEE Saint Stephens Crown Crowns (Insignia) ORA 71: Crucifixes ORA 22: Crucifixes ORA 45: Cruelty ORA 23: Crusade, II, 1147-1149 ORA 23: Crusade, II, 1147-1149 ORA 24: Crusade, II, 1147-1149 ORA 65: Crusade, VII, 1270 ORA 65: Crusaders ORA 45: Crusades SEE ALSO Wars / Turks ORA 19: Divine providence SEE Divine intervention Divine, The ORA 62: Divinity of Christ ORA 45: Divinity of Christ ORA 45: Divinity of Christ ORA 76: Divorce ORA 06: Doctors of the Church ORA 04: Doctors of the Church ORA 06: Doctors of the Church ORA 06: Doctors of the Church ORA 45: Doctors of the Church ORA 66: Doctrinal error ORA 66: Dogs ORA 75: Donation of Constantine ORA 01: Doorkeepers Janitores ORA 06: Doubts, Religious SEE Religious doubts Dowries ORA 20: Drink Potus ORA 06: Drink ORA 20: Drink ORA 20: Drunkenness ORA 65: Dying SEE Death Dynasticism ORA 03: Dynasticism ORA 03: Early Church ORA 01: Early Church ORA 03: Early Church ORA 75: Early Church ORA 75: Earth, Life on SEE Life of Earth Eastern Church ORA 01: Eastern Church ORA 10: Eastern Church ORA 19: Eating SEE Food Ecclesiastical censures ORA 20: Ecclesiastical censures ORA 28: Ecclesiastical ceremonies ORA 05: Ecclesiastical tribunals ORA 06: Ecumenical councils SEE Councils Effeminacy, Turkish SEE Turkish effeminacy Effeminacy, Asian SEE Asian effeminacy Elderly people ORA 02: Elections, Imperial SEE Imperial elections Elections, Papal SEE Papal elections Electors, Imperial SEE Imperial electors Electors, Prince SEE Imperial electors Elephants ORA 39: Eloquence SEE Rhetorics Emotions Affectus ORA 01: Emotions ORA 01: Emperors and Papacy SEE Papacy and emperors Emperors and popes SEE Papacy and emperors Empire, Translation of SEE Translation of Empire Empires, Four SEE Four empires Enemies ORA 06: Enemies of the Cross Inimici crucis ORA 21: Enemies of the Cross ORA 24: Enemies of the Cross ORA 25: Enemies of the Cross ORA 64: England / Wars SEE Wars / England Entertainment ORA 75: Gaugamela, Battle of SEE Battle of Gaugamela Gems ORA 45: Genealogies ORA 01: Genealogies ORA 65: Genealogies ORA 65: Genealogies ORA 65: Genealogies ORA 65: Generals ORA 02: Generals ORA 03: Generals ORA 23: Generals ORA 23: Generals ORA 23: Generals ORA 24: Generals ORA 53: Generosity ORA 01: Generosity ORA 01: Generosity, Princely SEE Princely generosity Gentiles ORA 45: Gentiles ORA 62: Gentiles ORA 62: Gentiles ORA 65: Geographers ORA 49: Geometry ORA 08: German neutrality (Schism 1438-1447) ORA 05: German obedience to pope ORA 05: German obedience to pope ORA 10: German obedience to pope ORA 11: German obedience to pope ORA 15: German obedience to pope ORA 26: German obedience to pope ORA 26: German obedience to pope ORA 40: Germany ORA 05: Germany / Wars SEE Wars / Germany Germany and Council of Basel ORA 05: Germany and Council of Basel ORA 05: Germany and Council of Basel ORA 05: Germany and Council of Basel ORA 05: Germany and Council of Basel ORA 05: Germany and Council of Basel ORA 05: Germany and Council of Basel ORA 11: Germany and Council of Basel ORA 15: Germany and Council of Basel ORA 20: Ghost, Holy SEE Holy Spirit Glory Gloria ORA 01: Glory ORA 01: Glory ORA 01: Glory ORA 02: Glory ORA 03: Glory ORA 03: Glory ORA 22: Gluttony ORA 06: Gluttony ORA 06: Gluttony ORA 06: God ORA 01: God ORA 05: God ORA 05: God ORA 06: God ORA 06: God ORA 07: God ORA 35: God ORA 45: God ORA 45: God ORA 45: God ORA 49: God and fortune ORA 03: God, Victories given by SEE Victories given by Gods, Pagan SEE Pagan gods Gold ORA 02: Gold ORA 02: Gold ORA 31: Gold ORA 31: Gold ORA 45: Golden Rose ORA 31: Good death ORA 02: Gordian knot ORA 18: Gospel, The ORA 66: Gospel, The ORA 70: Gospel, The ORA 74: Government ORA 03: Government, Church SEE Church government Government, City SEE City government Government, Priestly SEE Priestly government Grain ORA 01: Grammar ORA 06: Grammar ORA 08: Grammarians ORA 66: Gratitude ORA 01: Gratitude ORA 01: Gratitude ORA 22: Gratitude ORA 22: Gravediggers ORA 04: Gravediggers ORA 04: ORA 62: Holy Ghost SEE Holy Spirit Holy orders ORA 02: Holy places (Holy Land) ORA 21: Holy Scripture SEE Bible, The Holy See SEE Papacy Holy Spirit ORA 02: Holy Spirit ORA 04: Holy Spirit ORA 45: Holy Spirit ORA 62: Holy Spirit ORA 65: Holy Spirit ORA 66: Homosexuality ORA 45: SEE Law men Justice of war ORA 22: Justice of war ORA 45: Justinian Code ORA 04: Justinian Code ORA 04: Kingdom of God SEE Kingdom of Heaven Kingdom of Heaven ORA 01: Kingdom of Heaven ORA 02: Kingdom of Heaven ORA 03: Kingdom of Heaven ORA 04: Kingdom of Heaven ORA 04: Kings ORA 04: Kings ORA 65: Kings and Papacy SEE Papacy and kings Kings, Christian SEE Christian princes Knightings ORA 20: Knights Hospitaller SEE Order of Rhodes Knowledge, Moral SEE Moral knowledge Konstanz, Council of SEE Council of Konstanz Lameness ORA 02: Land, Transportation by SEE Land, Transportation by Language, Latin SEE Latin language SEE See of Pavia Peace of Arras SEE Congress of Arras Peace of Lodi, 1454 ORA 27: Peace of Lodi, 1454 ORA 52: Peace of Lodi, 1456 ORA 58: Peace of Lodi, 1457 ORA 58: Peace of Lodi, 1458 ORA 58: Peace of Terracina, 1443 ORA 52: Peace of Terracina, 1444 ORA 52: Penance ORA 23: Pentametre ORA 09: Pentecost ORA 67: People and princes ORA 20: People and princes ORA 22: People, Common SEE Common people Persecution, Religious SEE Religious persecution Pontiffs, Supreme SEE Papacy Pontifical law SEE Canon law Poor SEE Poverty Pope, Obedience to SEE Obedience to pope Popes SEE Papacy Popes, Councils and SEE Councils and popes Popularity ORA 06: Popularity ORA 26: Poverty ORA 02: Poverty ORA 02: Poverty ORA 02: Poverty ORA 06: Poverty ORA 06: Poverty ORA 06: Power ORA 03: Power ORA 06: Power ORA 06: Power ORA 06: Power ORA 72: Power ORA 74: Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges, 1438 ORA 52: Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges, 1438 ORA 52: Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges, 1438 ORA 52: Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges, 1438 ORA 52: Praise of princes ORA 30: Praise of princes ORA 32: Praise of princes ORA 37: Praise of princes ORA 38: Praise of princes ORA 39: Praise of princes ORA 39: Praise of princes ORA 40: Praise of princes ORA 40: Praise of princes ORA 51: Praise of princes ORA 73: Prayer ORA 06: Preaching ORA 28: Predictions ORA 02: Prelates ORA 64: Price controls ORA 01: Price controls ORA 01: Prices ORA 01: Pride Superbia ORA 06: Pride ORA 06: Pride ORA 06: Pride ORA 23: Pride ORA 24: Priesthood, Translation of SEE Translation of priesthood Priestly government ORA 01: Priestly government ORA 35: Priestly government ORA 39: Priestly government ORA 41: Priestly rule SEE Priestly government Priestly vestments ORA 04: Priests ORA 04: Priests ORA 04: Priests ORA 04: Priests ORA 04: Priests ORA 04: Priests ORA 04: Priests ORA 05: Priests ORA 06: Priests ORA 66: Priests ORA 66: Priests ORA 66: Priests ORA 74: Priests, Parish SEE Parish priests Prince electors SEE Imperial electors Princely generosity ORA 05: Princely government ORA 05: Princely government ORA 05: Princely government ORA 05: Princely virtues ORA 01: Princely virtues ORA 01: Princes ORA 05: Princes ORA 06: Princes and Church ORA 01: Princes and Church ORA 02: Princes and Church ORA 04: Princes and Church ORA 05: Princes and Church ORA 05: Princes and Papacy SEE Papacy and princes Princes, Christian SEE Christian princes Princes, Councils and SEE Councils and princes Princes, Praise of SEE Praise of princes Prophecies ORA 19: Prophecy SEE ALSO Predicitions Prophecy ORA 63: Prophets ORA 04: Prostitution ORA 02: Prostitution ORA 02: Prostitution ORA 24: Providence, Divine SEE Divine providence SEE Religious ceremonies Robbery ORA 01: Robbery ORA 65: Roman Church SEE ALSO Papacy Roman Church ORA 01: Roman Church ORA 01: Roman Church ORA 15: Roman Church ORA 24: Roman Church ORA 26: Roman Church ORA 26: Roman Church ORA 31: Roman Church ORA 37: Roman Church ORA 58: Roman Church ORA 58: Roman Church ORA 58: Roman Church ORA 58: Roman Church ORA 58: Roman Church ORA 62: Roman Church ORA 64: Roman Church ORA 72: Roman Church ORA 72: Roman Church ORA 72: Roman Church ORA 75: Roman Church ORA 75: Roman Church ORA 75: Roman Church ORA 75: Roman Church ORA 76: Roman Church ORA 80: Roman consuls ORA 04: Roman Curia ORA 01: Roman Curia ORA 01: Roman Curia ORA 04: Roman Curia ORA 20: Roman Curia ORA 20: Roman Curia ORA 27: Roman Curia ORA 52: Roman Curia ORA 62: Roman Curia ORA 69: Roman Curia ORA 69: Roman Curia ORA 75: Roman Curia ORA 75: Roman Curia ORA 75: Roman senate ORA 01: Roman Senate ORA 01: Roman Senate ORA 04: Roman Senate ORA 62: Rome, See of SEE See of Rome Roses, War of the SEE Wars / England Royal courts ORA 06: Security ORA 01: Security ORA 01: Security ORA 01: Security ORA 01: Security ORA 01: Security ORA 01: Security ORA 01: Security ORA 06: See of Alexandria ORA 15: See of Arles ORA 52: See of Chur ORA 05: See of Cologne ORA 11: See of Cologne ORA 11: See of Freising ORA 05: See of Jerusalem ORA 26: See of Lodi ORA 02: See of Maurienne ORA 05: See of Münster ORA 25: See of Paderborn ORA 05: See of Passau ORA 05: See of Pavia ORA 78: See of Rome SEE Roman Church See of Strassbourg ORA 05: See of Strassbourg ORA 05: See of Trier ORA 11: See of Trier ORA 11: See, Holy SEE Papacy Sees, Patriarchal SEE Patriarchal sees Senate, Apostolic SEE Cardinals Senate, Athenian SEE Athenian senate Senate, Roman SEE Roman Senate Toleration, Religious SEE Religious toleration Tomb of Muhammad ORA 45: Torture ORA 01: Torture ORA 01: Torture ORA 01: Torture ORA 02: Torture ORA 03: Towers ORA 31: Tranquility ORA 04: Translation (Language) ORA 01: Translation ORA 02: Translation ORA 06: Translation ORA 06: Translation of empire ORA 15: Translation of empire ORA 15: Translation of empire ORA 15: Translation of empire ORA 20: Translation of empire ORA 22: Translation of empire ORA 40: Translation of empire ORA 52: Translation of law ORA 20: Translation of priesthood ORA 20: Transportation by land ORA 01: Transportation by land ORA 01: Transportation by land ORA 01: Transportation by land ORA 01: Transportation by land ORA 01: Transportation by land ORA 01: Transportation by land ORA 18: Transportation by land ORA 79: Transportation by sea ORA 01: Transportation by sea ORA 01: Transportation by sea ORA 01: Transportation by sea ORA 01: Transportation by sea ORA 01: Transportation by sea ORA 01: Transportation by sea ORA 01: Transportation by sea ORA 01: Transportation by sea ORA 58: Transubstantiation ORA 66: Travel ORA 01: Travel ORA 01: Travel ORA 01: Travel ORA 01: Travel ORA 20:

Abbreviations

I. ORATIONS Abstract

The arrival of Duke Francesco Sforza at the Congress in Mantua on 17 September was very important, since it demonstrated the cordial relations between the duke and the pope to the world and created a momentum which made it possible for the pope to effectively begin the deliberations of the congress. The duke was received solemnly in a papal consistory where the famous humanist Francesco Filelfo gave an oration of behalf of the duke, to which the pope replied with the oration "Grave illis".

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