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The ICOS Ecosystem network and Thematic Center: an infrastructure to monitor and better understand the ecosystem GHGs exchanges The ICOS Ecosystem network is part of the ICOS European Research Infrastructure (www.icos-infrastructure.eu) together with the Atmospheric and Ocean networks. The ecosystem network includes highly standardized monitoring sites based on commercially available instruments embedded into an integrated system that is coordinated by the ICOS Ecosystem Thematic Center (ETC), which is also responsible for the methodologies advancement, data processing and data distribution.

The ecosystem monitoring activity will involve human intervention in field activities and for this reason rigorously standardized protocol for field ecosystem measurements are in preparation also in coordination with others international related activities. The core measurement in the ICOS Ecosystem sites are the main GHGs fluxes that include CO 2 , H 2 O, CH4 and N2O, using the eddy covariance method and chambers for the soil effluxes.

To better interpret and understand the GHGs exchanges a full series of meteorological data (including spectral reflectance measurements and full radiation and water balance) are also collected and the sites are characterized in terms of carbon stocks, nutrients availability and management and disturbance history. Centralized raw data processing, QAQC and uncertainty estimation, test and development of new methodologies and techniques, assistance to the network and chemical analysis and long term storage of the vegetation and soil samples are the main activities where the ETC is responsible. The ETC, based in Italy and with sections in Belgium and France, is under construction and will be operative in 2013.

We present the actual status of the Ecosystem network, including the variables collected, the protocols under preparation, the data access and data use policies and the Ecosystem Thematic Center role and development strategy, with special emphasis on the approaches followed to reach high level of to standardization together with the uncertainty quantification.

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  ICOS ecosystem network and Thematic Center : an infrastructure to monitor and better understand the ecosystem GHGs exchanges Ivan Janssens, Dario Papale, Reinhart Ceulemans, Bert Gielen, Denis Loustau, Marteen Op de Beeck, Riccardo Valentini To cite this version: Ivan Janssens, Dario Papale, Reinhart Ceulemans, Bert Gielen, Denis Loustau, et al.. The ICOS ecosystem network and Thematic Center : an infrastructure to monitor and better understand the ecosystem GHGs exchanges. EGU General Assembly, Apr 2013, Vienna, Austria. , EGU 2013-10187, poster, 2013. hal-02808525

  Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium, (2) University of Tuscia, DIBAF, Viterbo, Italy, (3) CMCC, Euro-Mediterranean Center for Climate Change, Viterbo, Italy, (4) Unit EPHYSE, INRA, Bordeaux, France

	Ivan Janssens (1), Dario Papale (2,3), Reinhart Ceulemans (1), Bert Gielen (1), Denis Loustau (4), Maarten Op de
	Beeck (1), Riccardo Valentini (2,3)
	(1)


The ICOS Ecosystem network and Thematic Center: an infrastructure to monitor and better understand the ecosystem GHGs exchanges D. Papale1-2 , R. Ceulemans 3 , I. Janssens 3 , D. Loustau 4 , R. Valentini 1-2 GC51C-1209

FLUXDATA.ORG

Data and tools

FLUXNET ORNL

EU projects

Ecosystem Thematic Center

Data and tools

Meta-information

Data for synthesis activities

Data and services

What is ICOS

Data distribution and references ICOS ETC -links and connections with other initiatives

ICOS (Integrated Carbon Observation System) is a European infrastructure of high precision long-term network of stations measuring greenhouse gas fluxes from ecosystems and the oceans, and greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, designed around a set of central facilities.

The ICOS structure and measurements are designed to permit: -The detection of systematic changes in regional greenhouse gas fluxes despite their high level of internal variability; -The reduction of uncertainties in Earth System models; -Early warning of negative developments; -The timely introduction of mitigation and adaptation measures and the evaluation of their successes.

The ICOS Ecosystem component and ETC

The Ecosystem network of the ICOS infrastructure is under construction and it is composed by between 40 and 60 ecosystem sites measuring CO2, CH4 and N2O fluxes using eddy covariance and chambers plus all the relevant meteorological and biological parameters needed to correctly interpret the measurements.

The ICOS Ecosystem Thematic Center (ETC) coordinates the ecosystem network activities through a number of services: collection, processing and distribution of the data measured at the ICOS sites; test and development of new methods and sensors; assistance to the network with training and support activities.

The main ETC lab is located in Italy (Viterbo) with two additional offices/labs in France and Belgium.

ICOS ETC -Measurements

The ICOS ecosystem network will use highly standardized methodologies to collect data. The meteorological and biological variables will follow existing international protocols (e.g. WMO) while for the eddy covariance measurements it has been decided to standardize the instruments to avoid potential biases. The sensors selection is still ongoing but LI7200 IRGA and Gill-HS anemometer have been preselected.

&

PAR/PPFD below canopy 1 & 2 PAR/PPFD reflected 1 & 2 Diffuse SW radiation 1 & 2 Canopy temperature 1 & 2 Spectral reflectance 1 Soil Heat flux 1 & 2 Temperature and Rh profile 1 & 2 Precipitation 1 & 2 Snow precipitation 1 & 2 Soil temperature profiles 1 & 2

There are two different possible ecosystem site levels: Level_1 sites where all the ICOS ecosystem variables are measured and Level_2 sites where a subset of the variables are requested but measured with the same high quality standard.

To ensure comparability all the chemical analysis of biological and soil samples will be done centrally at an INRA (France) laboratory that will be also responsible for the samples archiving and maintenance for 20 years.

Protocols preparation

The development of high quality protocols for measurements and data treatment needs the contribution of the whole global scientific community. For this reason eight thematic Working Groups have been created to prepare and publish the protocols in peer-reviewed journals.

Join at www.europe-fluxdata.eu/icos/working-groups

ICOS ETC -Data processing Unit

The Data processing Unit of the ETC is responsible for the centralized and standardized processing of the ICOS ecosystem sites measurements that involves different QAQC, calculation and correction steps, all implemented at the central facility.

Fluxes calculation options

(detrending, coord. rotation, spectral corr., …)

Fluxes correction options

(ustar filtering, spikes det., footprint analy. …)

Fluxes gapfilling options (ANN, LUT, non-linear regressions …)

Fluxes partitioning options (night-time extrap., daytime based …)

Uncertainty estimation

There are different processing schemes available, all valid. Implementation of multiple options at the ETC allow estimation of the uncertainty and sites comparability.

Multiple constrain quality checks

To additionally evaluate the measurements quality, better characterize the uncertainty and identify potential problems, a suite of advanced quality controls involving different variables are under preparation. These quality checks will test the consistency of related quantities or similar variables measured using different approaches. Examples are the test of the water, energy and biomass balances closure using fluxes and ancillary data, or the analysis of the consistency between groups of connected variables such radiation components or LAI and FAPAR.

ICOS ETC -Test and Development Unit

The ETC field test site in Roccarespampani (Italy) Data access and use policy ICOS data will be openly and freely accessible and usable by all the interested users, including private companies.

All the datasets will be identified by a d.o.i. number that it is requested to be cited.