regime, old standards) New hospitals -annexed, created Creation of the HCL Development at the HCL Planning the expansion of Lyon in the XIXth century The maps from L. Dignoscyo for the Hospices Civils de Lyon

Lyon

Restaura�on -Monarchy

Like many other ci�es in Europe, Lyon has experienced an important growth during the XIXth century, star�ng the century with around 100.000 inhabitants to reach almost 460.000 in 1901. This demographic growth was accompanied by a territorial expansion, notably by the installa�on of a diversified industry in the ancient rural parts located around the city, the then neighbouring «communes». These were eventually annexed to the city in 1852: Vaise in the north-east, Croix-Rousse in the north and Guillotière in the eastern part. Large parts of the city were subject to important changes, either by the development of new road networks, followed by new buildings, or through the ins-talla�on of new allotments in areas, which were previously scarcely occupied. Furthermore new ac�vi�es, besides the then important silk industry, were developed. The con�nuing containment of rivers and the establishment of other transporta�on networks, like railways, steam naviga�on and trams began to occupy the urban space. The Hospices Civils de Lyon One of the means of studying the city's development is through the maps made by one of its most influen�al ins�tu�ons: the HCL -Hospices Civils de Lyon. Formed in 1802 by the fusion of two former hospitals, the Hôtel-Dieu and the Hôpital de la Charité, the HCL con�nued its func�on as a charitable ins�tu-�on, giving assistance to the poor in the even�ul nineteenth century. This func�on was made possible thanks to income deriving from several real estate annui�es, obtained before the French revolu�on mainly in the east of the city. By hos�ng many of the local elites and due to the important poli�cal and economic support provided by an immense domain situated in several strategic parts, the ins�tu�on enjoyed a rela�ve autonomy. The administra�on of these proper�es would prove to be a key aspect of the city's expansion, as we can observe by following the maps created at the �me. These show the plans for many of the city's new facili�es (parks, fortresses, train sta�ons, industries, churches...) and housing lots. Throughout the nineteenth century, the HCL saw its former rural domains gradually increase in value and eventually integrate the new urban lands.

...and the changes in how maps portraited the city

The expansion of

The crea�on of a new park : Tête d'Or

The crea�on of lots in the «Corne de Cerf» domain It's not surprising that one of the main cartographers of Lyon of that �me was the one responsible for the inspec�on of land owned by the HCL: Laurent Dignoscyo.

L. Dignoscyo started mapping the city in 1818 (map 1), calling himself "drawer and geographer" (dessinateur-géographe -map 2) even though it is not quite clear how he achieved his educa�on. A�er working at the Mont de Piété (the local credit ins�tu�on), he con�nued working as an inspector of the rural proper�es owned by the HCL in 1837, where he le� more than 200 block plans (maps 8, 9 and 12). His handmade maps keep the memory of the development projects on the lands once owned by the HCL. They are mostly at large scales, showing plans for whole districts or domains (plans des masses) but also include very specific lots and even buildings. The analysis of these maps makes us understand how important the work of Dignoscyo as "wealth administrator" was for an ins�tu�on as the HCL, where resources were con�nuously scarce (graph 1). They are working instruments, showing calcula�ons of surface and how land was nego�ated between different owners or renters, some�mes followed by a detailed text retrieving the informa�on depicted in different colours on the map ( 14). Some of his maps cons�tuted the basis for the city's renewed cartography, produced essen�ally in the second half of the XIX century. His son Claude Dignoscyo (maps 4, 8), his son in law Eugene Rembielinski and even his grandson Jules Rembielinski all worked for the different poli�cal ins�tu�ons of that period (city mayors, department prefects, ministers -maps 4, 15, 16). lecadb@hotmail.com Sources : GARDEN, 1980;FAURE, 1981.

The Dignoscyo/Rembielinski family -3 genera�ons of cartographers

  situés sur le territoire des Charpennes appartenant aux Hospices et annexés au parc de la Tête d'Or, 1858, AML 3S0047 Dignoscyo, L. -Plan général des propriétés appartenant aux hôpitaux civils de Lyon situées sur les communes de la Guillo�ère et de Villeurbanne. AML 2S0102 Archives HCL -Administra�on Centrale 2 NP 381/5 Archives HCL -Administra�on Centrale 2 NP 381/6 Archives HCL -Administra�on Centrale 2 NP 381/24 4 Dignoscyo C.,Dignoscyo L., Rembielinski J. -Plan topographique de la ville de Lyon, levé et dressé en 1863. Noms des rues. Surfaces bâties. AML1S015 Dignoscyo L., Rembielinski E. -Plan topographique de la ville de Lyon et de ses environs. AML 2S0021 Dignoscyo L. -Rapport de l'Inspecteur des propriétés rurales des dits hôpitaux concernant un barrage que le sieur Carra vient de faire au Port au Bois -AML 2 N 2 768.

  Plan du domaine de la Tête d'Or avec la lône de ce nom et les fortifications, 1856. AML 2S0510. Dignoscyo C. Plan du parc de la Tête d'Or, à Lyon, 1863, �rage 1877 + addi�f manuscript : limits from the 1894 exposi�on. AML 3S0012.

  51 plans make up the HCL file referring to the "Corne de Cerf" domain -the extracts shown here are only an overview of the succession of different plans at different scales produced by the institution Today, the Parc de la tête d'Or is the largest green space in the city, in one of the most expensive neighbourhoods. Located in an area subject to flooding until the middle of the 19th century, it underwent successive restructuring and hosted the Universal Exhibition in 1894.

  Hospices civils de Lyon. Terrains de la rive gauche du Rhône vers 1760 Plan dressé en juin 1965 Ed. Hospices Civils, service des domaines. AML 3S0691. Dignoscyo L. Plan général des propriétés appartenant aux hôpitaux civils de Lyon situées sur les communes de la Guillotière et de Villeurbanne, 1839. AML 2S0102.

  Lyon Plan général au 15.000 ème, ca. 1900. AML 3S0306 Dignoscyo L & C Plan topographique de la ville de Lyon et de ses environs, levé et dressé par l'administration de Mr. le Sénateur Vaisse et sous la direction de Mr. Bonnet, 1:5000, 1863. AML 5 Ph35279