text:
    Georgeta SEVAN, Petitioner, v. Dan MUSCHEVICI, Respondent.
    Case No. 2D17-4293
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed March 28, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


source: Caselaw Access Project

license: Public Domain

text:
    Stephen BREWSTER, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-3293
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed March 28, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Alexander CROWLEY, DOC #R64086, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D16-4148
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed April 13, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Audrey KNAPP, Appellant, v. SPEEDWAY LLC, a Florida corporation, and Speedway (Delaware) LLC, a foreign corporation, Appellees.
    Case No. 2D17-1227
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed April 11, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Demetrius WALKER, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-4316
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed April 4, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Erasmo MORALES, Jr., DOC #533014, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-3233
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed April 4, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Eric WUSTER, Appellant, v. Pamela WUSTER, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-1201
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed April 13, 2018.
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Denver R. HALL, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-3334
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed April 13, 2018.
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Stacey A. YEATTS, Appellant/Cross-Appellee, v. Douglas Brian MANN, Sr., Appellee/Cross-Appellant.
    Case No. 2D17-2472
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed April 13, 2018.
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Renata MENDES a/k/a Kasia Miodowska, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellees.
    Case No. 2D17-2015
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed April 13, 2018.
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Carla DUGLIN, Appellant, v. Laurence DUGLIN, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-1109
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed April 18, 2018.
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Melvin I. KAYSER, Jr., and Sharon M. Striker Kayser, Appellants, v. GEICO INDEMNITY COMPANY, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-2181
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed April 18, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    George T. DRAYTON, DC#027183, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-3498
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed April 18, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    David W. HOLMES, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-4631
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed April 18, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Terry E. HUDSON, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-4768
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed April 18, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Michael A. KENDRICK, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-1342
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed April 18, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    William P. MOORE, III, as trustee FOR the WILLIAM P. MOORE, III, REVOCABLE TRUST, Appellant, v. Alexandra WEINER and Michael Weiner, Appellees.
    Case No. 2D17-2205
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed April 18, 2018.
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Sinclair T. HUNTER, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-4161
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed April 18, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Michael E. PARENT, DC# C09503, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-3444
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed August 15, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Rashad COLEMAN, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-3982
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed August 15, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    IN the INTEREST OF J.W., a child.
    S.W., Appellant, v. Department of Children and Families and Guardian ad Litem Program, Appellees.
    Case No. 2D18-1531
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed August 15, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Manuel RODRIGUEZ, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-4862
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed April 18, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    George MILES, Jr., Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D16-4094
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed August 17, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Bryan CAIN, Appellant, v. Elizabeth CAIN, individually, and on behalf of A.C., a minor, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-4759
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed August 17, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    IN the INTEREST OF R.D. and R.D., children.
    R.D., Appellant, v. Department of Children and Families and Guardian Ad Litem Program, Appellees.
    Case No. 2D18-1137
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed August 17, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    SUNNY HILLS ALF OF SEBRING, INC., d/b/a Sunny Hills of Sebring, Appellant, v. Richard J. IKE, Jr., as next friend of Richard J. Ike, Sr., Appellee.
    Case No. 2D18-162
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed August 17, 2018.
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Dushun Devon ROBINSON, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-3016
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed August 17, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Brent THIERRY and Lisa Thierry, Appellants, v. SECURITY FIRST INSURANCE COMPANY, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-3426
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed August 17, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    T.N., Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-3172
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed August 17, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Otis C. SHEDRICK, Jr., Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-4269
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed August 17, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Diane HARRISON, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-4339
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed August 17, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Anthony BROWN, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-118
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed August 17, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Jimmy CANNON, Appellant, v. Jessica TEDROW, Individually, and as Parent and Natural Guardian of Amber Tedrow, a Minor, and Amber Tedrow, Individually, and J. W. Tedrow, Appellees.
    Case No. 2D17-3580
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed August 17, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Dexter Lanord THOMAS, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D16-3895
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed August 17, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Robert Wyatt JORGENSEN, DOC# 157868, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-1188
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed August 17, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Benjamin Dale AXON, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-2599
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed August 17, 2018.
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    IN the INTEREST OF D.D.B., a child.
    D.B., Appellant, v. Department of Children and Families and Guardian Ad Litem Program, Appellees.
    Case No. 2D18-115
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed August 17, 2018.
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Chris THOMAS, DOC# T77896, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D16-3066
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed August 17, 2018.
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Torrell CALHOUN, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D16-3582
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed August 17, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Gregory DAVIS, Appellant/Petitioner(s), v. Alisa HALL, Appellee/Respondent(s).
    CASE NO.: 2D17-4621
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    January 10, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Marlaina Cerrie CUTLIP, Appellant/Petitioner(s), v. Kyle John CUTLIP, Appellee/Respondent(s).
    CASE NO.: 2D17-5044
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    January 09, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    Tavaris JERVONTE, Appellant/Petitioner(s), v. Lewis Laura Marie LOPEZ, Appellee/Respondent(s).
    CASE NO.: 2D17-2416
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    December 26, 2017
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Harvey MOORE Appellant/Petitioner(s), v. HAHN LOESER & PARKS, LLP and Curator of the Estate of: Jack J. Antaramian, Appellee/Respondent(s).
    CASE NO.: 2D18-0060
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    January 11, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    James Lee KEENE, Appellant/Petitioner(s), v. STATE of Florida, Appellee/Respondent(s).
    CASE NO.: 2D18-0044
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    January 10, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    Shaune H. JOHNSON, Sr., Appellant/Petitioner(s), v. DEPT. OF REVENUE, O/B/O Lizzie J. MAZZIE, Appellee/Respondent(s).
    CASE NO.: 2D17-0130
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    December 26, 2017
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Victoria SZURANT, Appellant/Petitioner(s), v. Josef AARONSON, et al., Appellee/Respondent(s).
    CASE NO.: 2D17-4483
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    November 16, 2017
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    Frank SHURTI, et al., Appellant/Petitioner(s), v. FRANZEFI, et al., Appellee/Respondent(s).
    CASE NO.: 2D17-2988
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    January 11, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Michael Jonathan HUNT, Appellant/Petitioner(s), v. Cynthia Denise HUNT, Appellee/Respondent(s).
    CASE NO.: 2D17-4716
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    January 10, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Appeal is dismissed.


text:
    K. B., Appellant/Petitioner(s), v. Scott BURGESS, Administrator, Appellee/Respondent(s).
    CASE NO.: 2D17-5057
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    January 09, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    Kenneth George MOORE, Jr., Appellant/Petitioner(s), v. LIVINGSTON FAMILY COMM., LLC, Appellee/Respondent(s).
    CASE NO.: 2D17-1739
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    December 21, 2017
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Certiorari is denied.


text:
    Gary CARROLL, DOC #805289 Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D16-4573
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed February 21, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    MORGAN FLORIDA PROPERTIES, LLC, Appellant/Petitioner(s), v. Jim HIRCHAK, et al., Appellee/Respondent(s).
    CASE NO.: 2D17-5014
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    February 15, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Bryan BIEGAJ, Appellant/Petitioner(s), v. DEUTSCHE BANK NATIONAL TRUST CO., et al., Appellee/Respondent(s).
    CASE NO.: 2D17-1186
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    January 03, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Justin BELZ, Appellant/Petitioner(s), v. STATE of Florida, Appellee/Respondent(s).
    CASE NO.: 2D17-3141
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    October 18, 2017
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Granted.


text:
    Ronald P. GILLIS, Appellant, v. DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS, as Trustee FOR RESIDENTIAL ACCREDIT LOANS, INC., MORTGAGE ASSET-BACKED PASS-THROUGH CERTIFICATES, SERIES 2006-QS8 and SunTrust Bank, Appellees.
    Case No. 2D16-3887
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed March 2, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    David Dewayne STEWARD, DOC # 251436, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-3123
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed March 2, 2018.
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Neil L. WHITESELL; NLW Holdings, LLC ; Whitesell Corporation; and Whitesell Precision Components, Inc. Appellants, v. BAYERISCHE MOTOREN WERKE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT; Whitesell Formed Components, Inc. ; and Whitesell Canada Corporation, Appellees.
    Case No. 2D16-3471
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed February 28, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Allen TARVIN, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-520
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed February 28, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Ira Bernard PARKER, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-3147
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed March 7, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Michael A. FALANA, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-3482
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed March 7, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Theodore DAVIS, Jr., Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-4009
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed March 7, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Willie Lee WILLIAMS, Appellant, v. Julie JONES, Secretary, Department of Corrections, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-633
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed March 7, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Felix Antonio Silva MARTINEZ, Appellant, v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 3D18-1086
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    Opinion filed July 5, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Walter R. HERNANDEZ, Appellant, v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 3D18-973
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    Opinion filed July 5, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Hector Dario TRELLEZ, Appellant, v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 3D17-1413
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    Opinion filed July 5, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Thomas F. MEDLIN, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 2D17-3543
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.
    Opinion filed March 7, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    RESTALIA GRUPO DE EURORESTAURACION, S.L., etc., Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. SRA/LINCOLN THEATER, LLC, etc., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0746
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JULY 9, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Rafael CARREIRAS and Digna Medina, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. TOWER HILL SIGNATURE INSURANCE COMPANY, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0462
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JULY 09, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Hencile DORSEY Sr., Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. PHH MORTGAGE CORPORATION, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0366
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JULY 09, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Betty ELIEN, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. GLOBE LIFE & ACCIDENT INSURANCE CO., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0953
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 27, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Ayisha E. LIVINGSTONE, M.D., et al., Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Miguel RODRIGUEZ, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-1291
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JULY 09, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Jose L. MARTINEZ, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. U.S. BANK, N.A., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D17-0330
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 21, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Lory MERMEL, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. US BANK TRUST, N.A., et al., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0195
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 13, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Datoral N. SMITH, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0258
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 07, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    DAYSTAR SELLER FINANCING, etc., et al., Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Patrick HUNDLEY, et al., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0781
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 19, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    Benjamin SMITH, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. WILMINGTON SAVINGS FUND SOCIETY, et al., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0268
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 8, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Ruben SOTO, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-1019
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 06, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    Walter Lee WRIGHT, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s).
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0797
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 29, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    CDR CRÉANCES, S.A.S., Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. REGIONS BANK, etc., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D17-2559
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JULY 09, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Manuel CUETO, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D17-2511
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 27, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Timothy LOWE, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-1100
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 07, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    Sir Michael A. MAPS, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-1080
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 04, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    Javier GOMEZ and Karla Gomez, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. CITIZENS PROPERTY INSURANCE CORPORATION, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D17-2494 3D17-1392
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JULY 06, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Nafia Sevin Ergun SEFADA, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. ELSAJA MIAMI, LLC, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D17-2630
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 19, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    ALLSTATE MORTGAGE SOLUTIONS TRANSFER, INC., Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D17-2204
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 31, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    Michele G. HARDIN, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. MONROE COUNTY, Florida, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D17-1610
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 1, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    Joshua HAMILTON, Appellant, v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 3D18-1224
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    Opinion filed August 1, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Jose Jesus CARCASSES, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. WACHOVIA BANK, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0998
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 18, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    ARKO PLUMBING CORP., etc., Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Michael P. RUDD, Esq., et al., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0979
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 11, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    MESSIAH EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. PIZARRO SCHOOL FOR MONTESSORI LEARNING, LLC., etc., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s)
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0807
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 6, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    J.F., a juvenile, Appellant, v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 3D18-399
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    Opinion filed August 15, 2018.
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Jose APONTE, Appellant, v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 3D18-1181
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    Opinion filed August 1, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    John SCOTT, Appellant, v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 3D17-2373
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    Opinion filed August 1, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Naebi HOWARD, Appellant, v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 3D17-2321
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    Opinion filed August 1, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Maria FERRER, Appellant, v. BAYVIEW LOAN SERVICING, LLC, Appellee.
    No. 3D18-368
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    Opinion filed August 15, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    J.R., a juvenile, Appellant, v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 3D18-16
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    Opinion filed August 15, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Digna M. CUESTA, Appellant, v. FEDERAL NATIONAL MORTGAGE ASSOCIATION, Appellee.
    No. 3D17-2169
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    Opinion filed August 15, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Kameron DAVIS, Appellant, v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 3D17-2133
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    Opinion filed August 15, 2018.
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Janet RODRIGUEZ, Appellant, v. BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON and William F. Murphy, Appellees.
    No. 3D17-418
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    Opinion filed August 15, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    J.J., a juvenile, Appellant, v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 3D17-291
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    Opinion filed August 15, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    NHS GROUP, LLC, etc., Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Jairo AVELLANEDA, et al., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-1148
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 21, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Mauricio OBANDO, Appellant, v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 3D18-0363
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    Opinion filed June 13, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Jeffrey David KELLY and Miguel Aguila, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Daniel JUNIOR, etc., et al., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-1044 3D18-1046
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 30, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    Lamont L. PINK, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-1020
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 30, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    MODANI HOLDINGS, LLC, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Monica ATHEA and Steven Athea, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-1068
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 29, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Certiorari is denied.


text:
    Carlos VILLAVICENCIO, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-1018
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 24, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    MARRERO, CHAMIZO, MARCER LAW, LP, etc., Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. WELLS FARGO VENDOR FINANCIAL SERVICES, LLC, etc., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0964
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 18, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    CITIZENS PROPERTY INSURANCE CORPORATION, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Tamara BURGOS, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0956
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    James T. ROBERTS, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0976
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 22, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    Ronald LEE, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0960
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 22, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    Eamonn W. GUNTHER, Esq., etc., Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Kevin CARMICHAEL, etc., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D17-2360
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 21, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    SOUTH FLORIDA SIGMA INVESTMENTS, LLC, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Marko DEJANOVIC, et al., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0390
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 30, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    Thaddeus C. MARTIN, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Julie L. JONES, etc., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0852
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 21, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    Leandre HOWARD, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0942
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    ESPERANZA PROPERTY MANAGEMENT, INC., et al., Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Yazmin CANTERA, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0336
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 18, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Bruce ZIPPER, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, etc., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D17-2444
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 18, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Yudamas OLIVARES, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. HSBC BANK USA, N.A., etc., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D17-2557
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 30, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Walter Lee WRIGHT, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0797
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    APRIL 30, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    VAITAIRE ENTERPRISES, CORP., etc., Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. J & D FINANCIAL CORPORATION, etc., et al., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D17-2062
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 19, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    B.M., a Juvenile, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0951
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 31, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Marshall Glenn SPEAR, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Lawrence J. DENMARK, etc., et al., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0719
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 31, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    TITAN FLORIDA, LLC, etc., et al., Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. The ESTATE OF Jean LINDOR, etc., et al., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0298
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 22, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Tremont SMITH, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. SP LINCOLN FIELDS, LP, etc., et al., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D17-2519
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 19, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    HMC ASSETS, LLC, etc., Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Maria Reyes MOORE, etc., et al., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0954
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    June 13, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Jeremy M. CARTER, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. OUELETTE & MAULDIN COURT REPORTERS, INC., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D17-0732
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 30, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    Demetrick Edward COOKS, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0277
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 23, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Granted. Dismissed.


text:
    Eli M. WILLIAMS, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Duneen H. SEYMOUR, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0924
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 08, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    ARKO PLUMBING CORP., Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Michael P. RUDD, Esq., et al., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0878
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 31, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    William D.B. HARNETT, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. In re: ESTATE OF William J. HARNETT, etc., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0701
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 30, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    Anton DAMES, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. JOSEPH W. GIBSON, JR., P.A., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s).
    CASE NO.: 3D17-2574
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 16, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Eric Lloyd IRVING, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. ARNOLD'S AUTO AND MARINE REPAIR, INC., et al., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0870
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 24, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Toivo VILBAS and Phyllis Vilbas, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. WELLS FARGO BANK, N.A., etc., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0762
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 24, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Edward Shane WEST-EL, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. DISCOVER BANK, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0770
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 23, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Jose R. BOSCHETTI and Malibu Lakes 356, LLC, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. JB CAPITAL COLLECTIONS, LLC, etc., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D17-2549
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 22, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.

Conditionally granted. Remanded.

Denied.


text:
    Alejandro APARICIO, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Valerie GREENBERG, etc., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0621
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 13, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Rory WILSON, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0707
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 11, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Daniel GRAY, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D17-2618
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 24, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    MARK J. FELDMAN, P.A., et al., Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. APPLE MEDICAL CENTER, LLC, etc., et al., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D17-2731
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 22, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    Franklyn B. OSORIO, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0668
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 20, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    CHINA ENTERPRISES, INC., etc., et al., Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Stella M. CORRIONERO, etc., et al., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0745
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    UNITED AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE COMPANY, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Omar HALL, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D17-2479
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 11, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    ALLSTATE MORTGAGE SOLUTIONS TRANSFER, INC., Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D17-2204
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    APRIL 30, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Granted. Dismissed.


text:
    Juan JIMENEZ and Coral Way Business, LLC, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. TAVERNERE CORAL GABLES, LLC, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0121
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 19, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Odilia ULLOA, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. SUANCES ENTERPRISES, INC., etc., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0630
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 18, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    CHINA ENTERPRISES, INC., Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Johan FRAGA, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D17-2172
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    Justin BAILEY, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Daniel JUNIOR, etc., et al., Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-0819
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 23, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    Grisell CERVERA, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, AGENCY FOR HEALTH CARE ADMINISTRATION, Appellee.
    No. 3D17-1768
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    Opinion filed June 27, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Roarkis R. RODRIGUEZ, Appellant, v. Lanette TORRES, Appellee.
    No. 3D17-2038
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    Opinion filed June 27, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Nedra GABRIEL, Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. Doris SALAZAR, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D17-2084
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    JUNE 8, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Dismissed.


text:
    John J. WILSON, Jr., Appellant(s)/Petitioner(s), v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee(s)/Respondent(s),
    CASE NO.: 3D18-1042
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    MAY 24, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Denied.


text:
    Frances L. RINI, Appellant, v. Peter M. RINI, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-407
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [August 9, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Adacia DOUGLAS, Appellant, v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 3D16-2373
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    Opinion filed June 27, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Laura L. REYNOLDS, Appellant, v. DITECH FINANCIAL, LLC, et al., Appellees.
    No. 3D17-2769
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    Opinion filed June 27, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Sofia FERNANDEZ and Rafael Fernandez, Appellants, v. SAFA FINANCIALS, LLC, Appellee.
    No. 3D17-2576
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.
    Opinion filed June 27, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Christina WILLIS, Appellant, v. BONDED SERVICES, INC., d/b/a Bonded Roofing Services, a Florida Corporation, Ardent Ventures, LLC, d/b/a Exclusive Property Management, a Florida Limited Liability Company, John Mario Zuluaga, Arturo Cesar Charro, Marcello Ariel Rovasio, Carolyn Willis, Floren LLC, a Florida Limited Liability Company, Freddie Lee Mcinturff, Wendy Mcinturff, Maximo International Investments LLC, a Florida Limited Liability Company, Craig Vanderlaan, Trustee, Olsak Group LLC, a Florida Limited Liability Company and Lakewood on the Green Condominium 2 Association, Inc., a Florida Not For Profit Corporation, Appellees.
    No. 4D18-502
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [August 9, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Avi STERN, Appellant, v. Michael KORETSKY, Roseanne Koretsky, Allen M. Silk, as Trustee of the Jamie Koretsky Irrevocable Trust, and Allen M. Silk, as Trustee of the Rachael Koretsky Irrevocable Trust, Jamie Posner, Clare Posner and The Oaks at Boca Raton Property Owners Association, Inc., Appellees.
    No. 4D18-862
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [August 9, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Jimmy WILLIAMS, Appellant, v. Schuwand MAXIME, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-389
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [August 9, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Ilene TILLMAN, as Personal Representative of the Estate of Tony Orlando Jackson, deceased, Appellant, v. Sheriff Ken J. MASCARA, in his official capacity, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-152
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 5, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Miller Atnagu Ras MAKONNAN, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-715
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [June 21, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Rajiv A. GRAY, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-970
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [June 21, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    O.A., a child, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-418
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 19, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Robert Allen TRIBBLE Jr., Appellant, v. Clyde MCPHATTER, Maurice Symonette, Leroy Williams and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Appellee.
    No. 4D18-457
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 19, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Deitrick JOHNSON, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-764
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 19, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    James TINDAL, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-0789
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 12, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Daniel MATHIEU, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-972
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 19, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Dealmos JOHNSON, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-1057
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 19, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    James FRAZZINI, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-1109
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    July 19, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Lawrence Keith JOHNSON, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-750
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 19, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    COLINA INSURANCE LIMITED, Appellant, v. SOUTH BROWARD HOSPITAL DISTRICT d/b/a Memorial Healthcare System, and Sanus Health Corporation, Appellees.
    No. 4D18-193
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 26, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Timothy JOHNSON, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-963
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 26, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Lawrence JOHNSON, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-1085
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 26, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Brian KIRKSEY, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-882
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 19, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Willkiam J. MAITRE, Jr., Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-1086
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 26, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Eugene JACOBS, Jr., Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-1134
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 26, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Michael BUCKNOR, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-1144
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 26, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Breon T. DAVIS, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-1177
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 26, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Warren NICOT, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-461
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [August 2, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    T.J., the Mother, Appellant, v. DEPARTMENT OF CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-971
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 31, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Al L. BURGESS, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-1178
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 26, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Daron Lavon HUSTON, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-1191
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 26, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Gene RAMIREZ, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-0614
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [August 2, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Irvin Emmanuel SHORTER, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-922
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [August 2, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Antonio Vanshawn RICHARDSON, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-983
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [August 2, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    John Edward ROBERTS, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    No. 4D18-1233
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [August 2, 2018]
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   Affirmed.


text:
    Daniel JONES, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1033
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 7, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Brian MADACSI, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1847
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 7, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Denver Ivan WILSON, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1258
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 7, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Mark DALEY, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1992
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 7, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Charlie STANLEY, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1754
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 7, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Antonio L. WELCH, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1635
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 7, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Lucas Bartholomew CLARKE, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1535
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 7, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Danford M. SWAIN, Jr., Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1471
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 7, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    William J. THOMPSON, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1412
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 7, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Rakeem BLOCK, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1372
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 7, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Thomas SPAHN, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1071
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 7, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Jonathan LOYD, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1055
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 7, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Michael T. MONTAGNA, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1676
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Jordan WAGNER, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1627
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Brandon NEMETH, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1590
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Joseph DENNIS, Jr., Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1395
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Arthur ALLAIN, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1249
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Shawn MCDUFFIE, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1169
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Christopher Thomas HAMMAN, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1053
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Clifford W. JOHNSON, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-756
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    G.S., Father of R.S., a Child Appellant, v. DEPARTMENT OF CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D17-4015
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 15, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Drinel JOSEPH, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D17-3523
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    E.B.O., a Child, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D17-3346
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Javon Dontay MARSHALL, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D17-2914
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Robin M. SICKELS, Appellant, v. John D. SICKELS, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D17-2819
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Russell Alvin MASON, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D17-1512
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Jaison BARBOZA, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D17-1002
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    William Edgar BURNHAM, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D17-181
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Travis BIVINS, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D16-4294
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Sony LUBIN, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D16-3948
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Rene P. LEMIEUX, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D17-1707
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Levar FITZPATRICK, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D17-3465
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Meenawattie PERSAD and Enoch Persad, Appellants, v. LASALLE BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D17-3098
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Ontario N. GARRISON, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D17-3054
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Heather JOHNSTON, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D17-3105
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Lisa F. SELDEN n/k/a Lisa F. Lehman, Appellant, v. John M. SELDEN, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D17-2893
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Garvey BAZILE, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D17-2315
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Brian Andrew VICTORY, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1322
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Michael J. MAYO, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1027
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Richard Louis SKIDMORE, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-466
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Jesse Jacob BOLTON, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-432
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Aaron Thomas WILLS, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-68
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Jethro M. BUBER, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D17-3582
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Robert Edward RISO, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D17-3525
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Abouslam A. AHMED, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1457
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Cornelius AKINE, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1759
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Randall Earl REYNOLDS, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1714
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    DEPARTMENT OF CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, Appellant, v. C.M., Mother of T.M. and Z.M., Children, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-2027
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 13, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Victor J. FILSAIME, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1709
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Bernard C. MCCORMICK, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1678
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    George L. MOSBY, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1633
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Michael T. MONTAGNA, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1675
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed August 14, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    K.T., Father of B.T, a Child, Appellant, v. DEPARTMENT OF CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-348
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    August 17, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    James Bernard KING, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D17-3515
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed July 10, 2018 Rehearing Denied August 16, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Amos BROKENBOROUGH, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D17-2974
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed June 19, 2018 Rehearing Denied August 16, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    ZEMPLEN BARRELS WINERIES, LLC, Zemplin Barrels, LLC, Sandor Kallai, Aniko Kallai, Krisztina Kallai and Robert Martin, Appellants, v. William MESS, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D17-615
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed April 10, 2018 Rehearing Denied May 15, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Dale Evan PARKER, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1653
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed July 17, 2018 Rehearing Denied August 16, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Tolga MIRAN, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-625
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed July 17, 2018 Rehearing Denied August 13, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Rayburn L. WILLIAMS, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-1424
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed July 17, 2018 Rehearing Denied August 17, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


text:
    Robert C. AVERY, Jr., Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
    Case No. 5D18-931
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
    Decision filed July 10, 2018 Rehearing Denied August 13, 2018
    DECISION WITHOUT PUBLISHED OPINION
   AFFIRMED.


author: Taylor, J.

text:
    Rebecca RACHINS and Richard Minassian, Appellants, v. Paula M. MINASSIAN, individually, and as Trustee of the Zaven Minassian Trust dated December 29, 1999, as amended and restated July 16, 2008, and The Andersen Law Firm, PC, Appellees.
    No. 4D17-2005
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 11, 2018]
    James A. Herb of the Herb Law Firm, Chartered, Boca Raton, for appellants.
    Thomas F. Luken of The Andersen Law Firm, Fort Lauderdale, for Appellee Paula M. Minassian.
    Donald H. Benson of Bradham, Benson, Lindley, Blevins, Bayliss & Wyatt of Florida East Coast, P.L.L.C., Fort Lauderdale, for Appellee The Andersen Law Firm, P.C.
   Taylor, J.

The decedent's adult children, Rebecca Rachins and Richard Minassian (hereinafter the "children"), appeal a partial final order dismissing multiple counts of their Amended Trust Complaint on the ground that they lacked standing to bring any claims against Paula Minassian, who was the decedent's wife at the time of his death, or against the Andersen Law Firm, the attorneys who prepared the relevant trust document. We reverse, concluding that the children are qualified beneficiaries of the Family Trust and therefore have standing to challenge the wife's administration of the Family Trust.

Most of the salient facts of this case are set forth in our opinion in Minassian v. Rachins , 152 So.3d 719 (Fla. 4th DCA 2014). Zaven Minassian (the "husband") executed a Restatement of Trust in 2008, which superseded an earlier 1999 trust document. Id. at 720. In the 2008 Restatement of Trust document (the "original trust document"), the husband created a revocable trust (the "original trust"), which would become irrevocable upon his death. Id. The husband and the wife were the sole trustees of the original trust. Id.

The husband died in 2010. Id. Because the wife survived the husband, and because the federal estate tax was not in effect at the time of the husband's death, the original trust document directed that all remaining trust property be distributed to a Family Trust. Id. at 721.

The original trust document empowered the wife, as trustee, to distribute income and principal of the Family Trust to herself, in her sole and absolute discretion, for her "health, education, and maintenance." Id. Upon the death of the wife, the Family Trust would terminate, and the remainder of the Family Trust would be divided into a separate trust share for each of the children. Id.

Soon after the husband's death in 2010, the children filed a complaint against the wife, alleging that she was improperly administering the Family Trust. Id. at 720. The wife moved to dismiss the children's complaint, arguing that they lacked standing because they were not beneficiaries of the Family Trust. Id. at 721. The children countered that they had standing because the trust provisions did not create a new trust, but instead created separate shares in the existing Family Trust for each child upon the wife's death. Id. The trial court denied the motion to dismiss. Id.

The wife later appointed a "trust protector," as allowed by the terms of the original trust. Id. at 722. The trust protector was authorized to amend the provisions of the original trust if the amendment would either benefit the beneficiaries or further the husband's probable wishes. Id. Accordingly, the trust protector purported to amend the original trust to clarify that, if there was any property remaining upon the death of the wife and the termination of the Family Trust, the remaining property would be disbursed to a new trust to be created for the benefit of the children. Id.

The children challenged the validity of the trust protector's amendments, and both sides eventually moved for summary judgment as to the validity of the amendments. Id. The trial court found that the original trust document was unambiguous, that only one trust (the Family Trust) was intended after the husband's death, and that the trust protector had no authority to change the terms of the original trust. Id. at 720, 723, 725-26. The trial court therefore entered partial summary judgment for the children on the issue of the validity of the trust protector's amendments. Id. at 723.

On appeal, the only issue before our court was whether the trust protector's amendments were valid. Id. at 720 n.1. We reversed the trial court's order, holding that the original trust document was ambiguous as to whether the husband intended to create a single trust or separate trusts for the wife and children, that the trust protector was authorized to amend the trust to correct ambiguities, and that the trust protector's amendments were valid. Id. at 724-27.

We found that "the single-trust interpretation reached by the trial court does not appear to be unambiguously supported by the trust document." Id. at 726. We reasoned that the provisions of the trust were conflicting and that "the overall structure of the trust contemplates something separate and apart from the Family Trust." Id. at 726. We further found that the original trust document was "patently ambiguous on the issue of whether a new trust is created, where the language in the trust instrument dictates that the Family Trust terminates on the death of the wife." Id. We then reviewed the uncontradicted evidence in the record as to the husband's intent:

The trust protector testified in a deposition that he met with the husband twice, first in person to discuss his estate planning desires, and second over the phone to discuss and execute the documents he had drafted. During the husband's life, the husband and wife's "lives revolved around horse racing and legal gambling," and, in the trust, the husband wanted "to provide for [the wife] in the way they had lived in the past. ..." The plan was "to create a separate Trust for the benefit of his children" which "would be created only if the Family Trust described in Article 10 ... was not exhausted during [the wife's] lifetime[.]" The purpose of Article 10, Section 7 and Article 11 was "to assure that the Family Trust was not in any way associated to a new Trust that might be created for his children." The trust protector also stated, "This challenge by the children is exactly what [the husband] expected." The trust protector noted that the husband referred to his daughter in derogatory terms, and that the daughter had not seen her father in years.
From the trust protector's affidavit, it appears that the husband settled on the multiple-trust scheme for the very purpose of preventing the children from challenging the manner in which the wife spent the money in the Family Trust during her lifetime. The trust protector also testified that his law firm always recommends this split-trust approach, rather than what he referred to as a "pot trust ... where everything goes into the pot for the beneficiaries." He testified, "We have never done it the other way you're talking about, about keeping the same trust." On that basis, he prepared the amendments to the trust to reflect this intent of the testator.

Id. at 726-27 (emphasis added).

In finding that the trust protector's amendments were valid, we explained: "The amendments may have disadvantaged the children, but the trust protector was authorized [to] correct ambiguities with the limitation that he act either to benefit a group of beneficiaries or to further the husband's probable wishes." Id. at 727. We therefore reversed and remanded "with directions that the trust protector's amendments are valid." Id. Finally, we added: "We reject all other arguments made by the children against the validity of these provisions, although not ruling on any matters beyond that issue ." Id. (emphasis added).

On remand, the children filed a 14-count Amended Trust Complaint, alleging, among other things, that the wife had dissipated trust assets due to a gambling problem. The Amended Trust Complaint added William Andersen, Esq., who was the trust protector and drafting attorney, and the Andersen Law Firm as defendants. William Andersen passed away at some point after the children filed the Amended Trust Complaint, but the children apparently did not serve William Andersen with the Amended Trust Complaint before his death.

Counts 1 and 2 of the Amended Trust Complaint were claims for "Trust Construction" and "Declaratory Judgment." In these counts, the children essentially sought a declaration that the Family Trust never came into existence under the terms of the original trust document because the husband attempted to create the Family Trust with the wife as the sole trustee and sole beneficiary.

The wife and the Andersen Firm (collectively the "defendants") moved for summary judgment as to Counts 1 and 2, arguing that the children had no standing because they were "neither beneficiaries nor qualified beneficiaries as those terms are defined in the Trust Code." The defendants further argued that the original trust, at the time of its creation, met all of the requirements of Florida law because it had two trustees and two beneficiaries.

The trial court entered summary judgment in favor of the defendants on Counts 1 and 2, ruling in relevant part that: (1) the children "lack standing as they are not beneficiaries or qualified beneficiaries of the original Trust, as amended by the trust protector"; and (2) section 736.0402, Florida Statutes, which states that a trust is created only if the same person is not the sole trustee and sole beneficiary, was inapplicable to this situation because the husband and wife served as co-trustees of the original trust during the husband's life.

The trial court later entered a final order dismissing the other counts of the Amended Trust Complaint, except for Count 9, which applied primarily to William Andersen personally, and Counts 13 and 14, which the children had previously dismissed. The trial court found that the children lacked standing to bring any of the claims in the Amended Trust Complaint because the children were neither beneficiaries nor qualified beneficiaries.

On appeal, the children argue that they are qualified beneficiaries under section 736.0103(16), Florida Statutes, and therefore have standing to question whether the wife is properly administering the trust corpus. We agree.

A trial court's interpretation of a statute presents a pure question of law and is therefore subject to the de novo standard of review. Kephart v. Hadi , 932 So.2d 1086, 1089 (Fla. 2006). Likewise, a trial court's interpretation of a trust document is reviewed de novo. Minassian , 152 So.3d at 724.

The Florida Trust Code defines a "beneficiary" as "a person who has a present or future beneficial interest in a trust, vested or contingent , or who holds a power of appointment over trust property in a capacity other than that of trustee." § 736.0103(4), Fla. Stat. (2017) (emphasis added). In other words, "[t]he term 'beneficiary' refers to the universe of persons who have a beneficial interest in a trust." John G. Grimsley, Florida Law of Trusts , 18 Fla. Prac. § 16:1 (2016-2017 ed.). "It is immaterial for this purpose whether the beneficial interest is present or future, vested or contingent, or whether the person having the interest is ascertainable or even living." Id.

The term "qualified beneficiary" is, in turn, defined under the Florida Trust Code as

a living beneficiary who, on the date the beneficiary's qualification is determined:
(a) Is a distributee or permissible distributee of trust income or principal;
(b) Would be a distributee or permissible distributee of trust income or principal if the interests of the distributees described in paragraph (a) terminated on that date without causing the trust to terminate; or
(c) Would be a distributee or permissible distributee of trust income or principal if the trust terminated in accordance with its terms on that date.

§ 736.0103(16), Fla. Stat. (2017).

"The term 'qualified beneficiary' encompasses only a limited subset of all trust beneficiaries. In effect the class is limited to living persons who are current beneficiaries, intermediate beneficiaries, and first line remainder beneficiaries, whether vested or contingent." Grimsley, supra , § 16:1. For example, contingent remainder beneficiaries of a trust are qualified beneficiaries under section 736.0103(16), Florida Statutes, because of their interest in the distribution of any principal remaining after the death of a lifetime beneficiary. Harrell v. Badger , 171 So.3d 764, 769 (Fla. 5th DCA 2015).

The definition of a "qualified beneficiary" was addressed in Brown-Thill v. Brown , 929 F.Supp.2d 887 (W.D. Mo. 2013), where the federal district court considered whether the co-trustee's children, who were also the grandchildren of the settlor, were qualified beneficiaries under Florida law. In Brown-Thill , the settlor (Eugene) created a revocable trust. Id. at 890. Eugene later died, survived by his wife (Saurine) and their two children, Brown and Brown-Thill. Id. The trust instrument provided that, upon Eugene's death, a portion of the principal would be placed into a marital trust for the benefit of Saurine, while the remainder would be placed in a separate residuary trust for the benefit of Saurine and her descendants. Id. The residuary trust permitted discretionary distributions to Saurine's descendants, but only during her lifetime. Id. After Saurine died, Brown and Brown-Thill became co-trustees. Id. Saurine's trusts were to be distributed into two separate residuary trusts for Brown and Brown-Thill. Id. Brown's children were discretionary income and principal beneficiaries of Brown's separate trust. Id. On those facts, the federal district court found that Brown's children were qualified beneficiaries under Florida law at the time of an arbitration between the co-trustees:

The Court finds that Brown's children are qualified beneficiaries under Florida law .... Brown's children will receive trust income and principal at Brown's discretion when the separate residuary trusts are created, and will receive outright or in trust any portion of the principal that Brown appoints by will. ...
None of the beneficiaries are currently entitled to trust income or principal, given that Saurine's estate has not been terminated and discretionary disbursements could have been made only during her lifetime. Assuming the interests of Saurine, who is the only distributee under subsection (a), terminated, Brown would be a qualified beneficiary under (b), as would Brown's children under (c). If the separate trusts had already been created, Brown's children would be permissible distributees under (a), and his children under (b). Under any of the above circumstances, ... their interest is in the proper administration of the trust before and after Saurine's trusts terminate, since the principal of Saurine's trusts will eventually flow into their father's trust, and finally to them.

Id. at 897-98.

Although not directly bearing on the issue of who constitutes a qualified beneficiary, the Second District's opinion in Mesler v. Holly , 318 So.2d 530 (Fla. 2d DCA 1975), is instructive. In Mesler , the Second District held that even an unlimited power of invasion by a trustee who is also a lifetime beneficiary of a trust "is subject to implied limitations to protect the remaindermen." Id. at 533. The Second District explained that, while the grant of absolute discretion to a fiduciary is very broad, "a trustee is always subject to accountability to remaindermen where discretion is improperly, arbitrarily or capriciously exercised." Id.

Here, the children are both beneficiaries and qualified beneficiaries of the Family Trust. The children are beneficiaries because they have a future beneficial interest in the Family Trust. More specifically, the children have a future beneficial interest in any property remaining in the Family Trust after the wife's death, since any remaining property remaining in the Family Trust will be disbursed to a new trust for the children's benefit under the terms of the original trust document. Stated another way, because any remaining property in the Family Trust would be distributed to a new trust created for the benefit of the children upon the wife's death, the children will, at a minimum, have an equitable interest in any property in the Family Trust at that time.

The fact that any remaining principal of the Family Trust would flow into a new trust created for the children, as opposed to being distributed to the children outright, does not preclude the children from being beneficiaries of the Family Trust under the statutory definition. See Brown-Thill , 929 F.Supp.2d at 898 (finding that grandchildren were qualified beneficiaries, even though they were not currently entitled to trust income or principal, "since the principal of [their deceased grandmother's] trusts will eventually flow into their father's trust, and finally to them"); see also Mesler , 318 So.2d at 532-33 (treating great grandchildren as remaindermen of a Florida Trust even though the remainder of the Florida Trust would not be distributed to them outright, but instead would flow to a Massachusetts Trust for their benefit).

Likewise, the fact that the Family Trust terminates upon the wife's death does not preclude the children from having a beneficial interest in the Family Trust. Indeed, by definition, a remainder interest in a trust refers to the right to receive trust property upon the termination of the trust. See Restatement (Third) of Trusts § 89 (2007) ("Thus, for example, the termination date of a trust for L for life, remainder to R, arrives upon L's death[.]"); Remainder , Black's Law Dictionary (10th Ed. 2014) (a remainder interest is "[a] future interest arising in a third person ... who is intended to take after the natural termination of the preceding estate"); Duncan v. O'Shea , 07-11-0088-CV, 2012 WL 3192774, at *7 (Tex. App. Aug. 7, 2012) ("[B]oth Trusts terminate upon Rita's death and John's descendants may inherit the Trusts' assets, if any remain. Thus, John's descendants have a remainder interest in any property that might remain in either Trust upon Rita's death.").

Furthermore, in the prior appeal, although we were hesitant to refer to the children's interest in the Family Trust as a "remainder," we nevertheless recognized that the children had an interest in the property in the Family Trust. See Minassian , 152 So.3d at 726 ("Although it may not be proper to refer to such an interest as a 'remainder,' distributees are entitled to the trust property upon the termination of a trust, as directed in the trust document.").

The children are also qualified beneficiaries of the Family Trust. As noted above, the term "qualified beneficiary" includes a living beneficiary who "[w]ould be a distributee or permissible distributee of trust income or principal if the trust terminated in accordance with its terms on that date." § 736.0103(16)(c), Fla. Stat. (2017). Here, the children are qualified beneficiaries under section 736.0103(16)(c), because they would be distributees of trust principal if the Family Trust terminated in accordance with its terms (i.e., the wife died).

We find that the definition of "qualified beneficiary" under subsection (16)(c) includes the children in this situation, even though the Family Trust terminates at the wife's death and even though the children would be distributees of any remaining trust principal in the Family Trust only through a newly-created trust for their benefit. Thus, while the husband may have intended to prevent the children from challenging the manner in which the wife spent the money in the Family Trust during her lifetime, see Minassian , 152 So.3d at 727, the children are qualified beneficiaries under subsection (16)(c) and are therefore entitled to the corresponding protections afforded to qualified beneficiaries under the Florida Trust Code.

In sum, Florida law is clear that the wife's unlimited power to invade the Family Trust is subject to implied limitations to protect beneficiaries with an interest in any property that might remain in the Family Trust upon the wife's death. See Mesler , 318 So.2d at 533. Here, because the children are qualified beneficiaries with standing to challenge the administration of the Family Trust, we reverse both: (1) the order entering partial summary judgment against the children as to Counts 1 and 2 on the basis that the children lack standing; and (2) the order dismissing the remaining counts against the wife on the basis that the children lack standing. We remand for further proceedings consistent with our conclusion that the children are qualified beneficiaries with standing to challenge the administration of the Family Trust, but we do not opine on whether any particular count in the Amended Trust Complaint stated a cause of action.

Reversed and Remanded.

Gross and Kuntz, JJ., concur.

      Contrary to the parties' representations in this appeal, the order did not have the effect of resolving all of the children's claims against the Andersen Law Firm. However, the order did have the effect of terminating the action as to Paula Minassian. Thus, to the extent the order disposed of the entire action as to Paula Minassian, this court has jurisdiction. See Fla. R. App. P. 9.030(b)(1)(A) & Fla. R. App. P. 9.110(k).

      However, contrary to the representations in the briefs, Count 9 did not apply exclusively to William Andersen. Count 9 also sought to hold the Andersen Firm jointly and severally liable with Mr. Andersen.

      Alternatively, even assuming that the relevant trust is the original trust, the children would be qualified beneficiaries under section 736.0103(16)(b), since the original trust would not terminate when the wife dies. Furthermore, the children would also constitute beneficiaries of the original trust for substantially the same reasons set forth in the analysis above concerning the Family Trust.

      The children further argue that if the wife were to prevail on her theory that the children are not beneficiaries of the Family Trust, this would mean that the Family Trust could never have come into existence because, upon the husband's death, the wife would have been both the sole trustee and the sole beneficiary of the newly-created Family Trust. See § 736.0402(1)(e), Fla. Stat. (2017) ("(1) a trust is created only if: ... (e) The same person is not the sole trustee and sole beneficiary."). We need not reach this argument, however, because we find that the children are in fact beneficiaries of the Family Trust.

      Appellate review of the final order disposing of the case as to the wife encompasses review of the prior summary judgment order. See Saul v. Basse , 399 So.2d 130, 133 (Fla. 2d DCA 1981) ("[A]n appeal from a final order calls up for review all necessary interlocutory steps leading to that final order, whether they were separately appealable or not.").

      For example, to the extent some counts in the Amended Trust Complaint are premised on the theory that the Family Trust never came into existence, such counts are inconsistent with our analysis in this decision.


author: Forst, J.

text:
    Keith WILLIAMS, Appellant, v. Penelope WILLIAMS, Appellee.
    No. 4D17-2834
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 11, 2018]
    Abigail Beebe of The Law Office of Abigail Beebe, P.A., West Palm Beach, for appellant.
    Daniel J. Koleos of Koleos Rosenberg McMahon P.L., Fort Lauderdale, for appellee.
   Forst, J.

Appellant Keith Williams appeals from the denial of his motion for enforcement and sanctions as to Appellee Penelope Williams's failure to comply with a provision of their marital settlement agreement. Although the trial court found that Appellee had breached this provision, it denied the motion for enforcement based on its misunderstanding that it could not compel Appellee to comply with the term at issue. Accordingly, we reverse and remand for further proceedings.

Background

The parties' marriage of twenty-five years was dissolved by a final judgment of dissolution which incorporated their marital settlement agreement. The relevant, contested provision of the agreement is found in paragraph 8, which discusses the equitable distribution of the marital home, and provides in pertinent part that "[o]n or before June 1, 2017, the Wife shall make all reasonable efforts to refinance this real property ...." (emphasis added).

In June of 2017, Appellant filed a motion to enforce Appellee's compliance with paragraph 8, arguing that she had not made "all reasonable efforts" to refinance prior to the June 1st deadline. At the hearing on the motion, Appellee acknowledged that she never applied to refinance the marital home. The trial court found that she "made no effort whatsoever to refinance," thus breaching paragraph 8. However, the court stated that it did not have the authority to compel Appellee's performance-"as equitable distribution, the law is clear that that's not enforceable by contempt"-and the motion to enforce was denied.

Analysis

A marital settlement agreement is to be interpreted and is construed under a de novo review.

Reilly v. Reilly , 94 So.3d 693, 696 (Fla. 4th DCA 2012). Florida law favors the settlement of family law disputes and courts will enforce them when possible. Spiegel v. H. Allen Holmes, Inc. , 834 So.2d 295, 297 (Fla. 4th DCA 2002).

When a court enters final judgment of dissolution and incorporates a marriage settlement agreement by reference, the court retains jurisdiction to enforce the terms of the final judgment and settlement as necessary. Paulucci v. Gen. Dynamics Corp. , 842 So.2d 797, 803 (Fla. 2003). Florida Family Law Rule 12.570 sets forth various methods to enforce a judgment, including compelling performance of a specific act. Id. This rule is limited by the Florida Constitution's prohibition on jailing debtors. Art. I, § 11, Fla. Const.; see also Riley v. Riley , 509 So.2d 1366, 1369 (Fla. 5th DCA 1987) ("[C]ontempt power is limited by [Florida's Constitution] and other traditional limitations on the use of contempt powers where there are alternative adequate legal remedies." (footnote omitted) ).

Equitable distribution of marital property is generally considered a debt owed to a former spouse with any payments being enforceable only as ordinary claims between a creditor and a debtor. See Simpson v. Simpson , 68 So.3d 958, 961 (Fla. 4th DCA 2011) ; Burke v. Burke , 336 So.2d 1237, 1238 (Fla. 4th DCA 1976). However, when equitable distribution requires the performance of an act, and not the payment of money, the trial court can enforce the provision through contempt without running afoul of our constitution. See Burke , 336 So.2d at 1238 (affirming a portion of the trial court's contempt order where the former husband failed to execute and deliver certain documents which would release the former wife's interest in a note and mortgage and transfer certain securities to the former wife-acts not involving the payment of money); Roth v. Roth , 973 So.2d 580, 592 (Fla. 2d DCA 2008) (similar); Riley , 509 So.2d at 1369 (affirming contempt order premised on former husband's failure to designate his former wife as the primary beneficiary of a life insurance policy, as required by the property settlement agreement).

Turning to the instant case, paragraph 8 required Appellee to make reasonable efforts to refinance the real property. She did not. As in the cases cited in the preceding paragraph, there was an agreement by one of the parties to perform an act. This agreement can and should be enforced pursuant to Florida Family Law Rule 12.570(c).

The trial court correctly found that Appellee breached the parties' agreement. The court, however, erred in failing to further determine whether Appellee's failure to comply was willful and deliberate and not caused by an inability to comply. If the trial court on remand determines that Appellee's failure was voluntary, then the trial court will be obligated to issue an order compelling Appellee to perform in accordance with the "reasonable efforts" provision set forth in paragraph 8. See Burke , 336 So.2d at 1238 ; Roth , 973 So.2d at 592.

Conclusion

We reverse the trial court's denial of Appellant's motion to enforce because paragraph 8 stated that Appellee "shall" do a specific act, she failed to do so, and the trial court had the power to enforce her compliance. Accordingly, we reverse and remand for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.

Reversed and remanded .

Damoorgian and Klingensmith, JJ., concur.

      Any argument that performance could not be compelled because the time to perform had lapsed is rejected because performing by June 1, 2017 was not material. See Command Sec. Corp. v. Moffa , 84 So.3d 1097, 1100 (Fla. 4th DCA 2012) (naming a date upon which an act should be performed does not in and of itself result in establishing that time is of the essence or an essential part of the agreement).


author: Kuntz, J.

text:
    Jeffrey MORRIS, Appellant, v. MGZ PROPERTIES, LLC, Yoram Galel, Henry Galel, and Davis Zimet, Appellees.
    No. 4D17-3587
    District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.
    [July 18, 2018]
    Carol A. Gart of Carol A. Gart P.A., Boca Raton, for appellant.
    Ronald M. Gaché and Scott A. Simon of Shapiro, Fishman & Gaché, LLP, Boca Raton, for appellees.
   Kuntz, J.

Does the word "sale" mean any sale? The appellees insist it does not, at least not when the parties did not contemplate a specific form of a sale when they signed the contract. However, because this contract is clear and unambiguous, and not susceptible to multiple meanings, we conclude it must be applied as written and reverse the circuit court's judgment.

The contract at issue stated that payment would be due if any of three triggering events occurred, the first event being the "sale of the property" located at a specific street address. The appellant argued that this payment obligation was triggered when the property was sold at a foreclosure sale. The circuit court disagreed and concluded that the word "sale" as used in the contract contained a latent ambiguity, requiring the court to consider parol evidence to determine whether the parties intended that an involuntary sale, such as a foreclosure sale, would trigger the payment obligation.

The appellees argue that "[t]his is a classic case of latent ambiguity in a contract." In support, they rely extensively on cases such as Taylor v. Taylor , 183 So.3d 1121, 1122 (Fla. 5th DCA 2015), Florida Power & Light Co. v. Hayes , 122 So.3d 408, 411 (Fla. 4th DCA 2013), and Riera v. Riera , 86 So.3d 1163, 1166 (Fla. 3d DCA 2012). Indeed, these cases do state that a latent ambiguity can arise from clear and intelligible language when "some extrinsic fact or extraneous evidence creates a need for interpretation or a choice between two or more possible meanings." Riera , 86 So.3d at 1166. But that is not what we have here.

In Riera , the contract stated that "the parties shall equally pay for the costs of the minor child's tuition, books, supplies and any and all other related expenses," and the parties disputed whether room and board fit within the phrase "related expenses." Id. at 1166-67. The Third District concluded that the language was intelligible on its face but room and board are material expenses one would expect to be included if the parties intended to split those costs equally. Id. Thus, the court held, it "becomes paramount to determine whether 'any and all other related expenses' refers to expenses related to tuition, books, and supplies, or whether it refers to all related expenses associated with attending college." Id. The court then concluded that a latent ambiguity exists when "a contract fails to specify the rights or duties of the parties under certain conditions or in certain situations." Id.

Similarly, in Taylor the parties prepared a contract providing that a Qualified Domestic Relations Order ("QDRO") would serve as the method for enforcing distribution of the husband's pension plan. 183 So.3d at 1122. The City of Orlando Police Department rejected the QDRO and the Fifth District concluded that rejection qualified "as an extrinsic fact or extraneous circumstance which altered the parties' understanding of the means of payment and their respective duties." Id. at 1123.

Finally, in Hayes , this Court held that the contractual language "lying within the lake" could be applied in two equally plausible ways. 122 So.3d at 411. We concluded that the "contract language here is 'susceptible to two different interpretations, each one of which is reasonably inferred from the terms of the contract ...' " and reversed the court's summary judgment order. Id. (quoting Miller v. Kase , 789 So.2d 1095, 1097-98 (Fla. 4th DCA 2001) ).

The facts in the cases upon which the appellees rely are not comparable to those here. Here, there is no extrinsic fact or extraneous circumstance that changed the parties' understanding of the contract. Nor is the contractual language susceptible to two interpretations. Thus, we "look to the dictionary for the plain and ordinary meaning" of the word "sale." See Beans v. Chohonis , 740 So.2d 65, 67 (Fla. 3d DCA 1999).

Black's Law Dictionary defines "sale" as "[t]he transfer of property or title for a price." Sale , Black's Law Dictionary (10th ed. 2014). For "foreclosure sale," Black's Law Dictionary states "see sale," and then defines the term within the definition of "sale" as "[t]he sale of mortgaged property, authorized by a court decree or a power-of-sale clause, to satisfy a debt." Foreclosure Sale, Black's Law Dictionary (10th ed. 2014). Similarly, we have held that "[i]t would therefore seem that both the common and legal meanings of the word, 'sale,' indicate a transfer of title..." Martyn v. First Fed. Sav. & Loan Ass'n of W. Palm Beach , 257 So.2d 576, 579 (Fla. 4th DCA 1971). This includes any transfer of title; foreclosure sales included.

To accept the appellees' position would require us to rewrite the contract to state "sale of the property, unless it is a foreclosure sale" or "voluntary sale of the property." If that is what the appellees intended, they should have written the contract accordingly before signing it.

When the terms of a contract are clear and unambiguous, we are required to apply the plain and ordinary meaning of the words and apply them as they are written. The "sale of the property" provision was triggered when the property was sold. On remand, judgment must be entered in favor of the appellant.

Reversed and remanded.

Damoorgian and Levine, JJ., concur.