text:
    No. 73-6375.
    West v. New York.
   App. Div., Sup. Ct. N. Y., 2d Jud. Dept. Certiorari denied.


source: Caselaw Access Project

license: Public Domain

text:
    No. 73-6435.
    Ganos v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6458.
    Macias-Gonzalez et al. v. Immigration and Naturalization Service.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6462.
    Adams v. New Jersey.
   Sup. Ct. N. J. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6463.
    Cook v. Saxbe, Attorney General.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6466.
    Carter v. California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 2d App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6467.
    Goodwin v. Iowa.
   Sup. Ct. Iowa. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6488.
    Rogers v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6490.
    No. 73-6594.
    Patterson v. United States; and Lane v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 492 F. 2d 995.


text:
    No. 73-6492.
    Fulford v. Louisiana.
   Sup. Ct. La. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6501.
    Smith v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6507.
    Gilkerson v. Curry, Registrar, Bureau of Motor Vehicles.
   Ct. App. Ohio, Franklin County. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6510.
    Jamison v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6517.
    Grove v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6521.
    Bad Horse v. Bad Horse.
   Sup. Ct. Mont. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6527.
    Mefford v. Warden, Maryland Penitentiary.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6536.
    Becton v. Tennessee.
   Sup. Ct. Tenn. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6541.
    Wallace v. Missouri.
   Sup. Ct. Mo. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6544.
    Hightower v. United States.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6548.
    Phillips v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6549.
    Seay et al. v. Florida.
   Sup. Ct. Fla. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6550.
    Chrisco et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6551.
    Tarlton v. Dill et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6554.
    Carew, aka Caruse v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6555.
    McClure v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6556.
    Bush v. New York.
   Ct. App. N. Y. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6561.
    Gregg v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6563.
    Farmer v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6564.
    Doe (Dyman) v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6567.
    Harbolt v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6568.
    Stephens v. Estelle, Corrections Director.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6569.
    Thompson v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6571.
    Lewis v. Henderson, Warden.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6572.
    Quigg v. Warden, Montana State Prison, et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6576.
    No. 73-6581.
    Mason v. United States; and Taylor v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari' denied. Reported below: 492 F. 2d 1240.


text:
    No. 73-6577.
    Rose v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6578.
    Grant v. Washington.
   Ct. App. Wash. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6583.
    Campbell v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6586.
    James v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6593.
    Grant v. United States.
   C. A.’ 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6595.
    McCall v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6596.
    Felicia v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6599.
    Boehm v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6600.
    Farmer v. Illinois.
   App. Ct. Ill., 1st Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6604.
    Schellenberg v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6605.
    Folks v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6606.
    Bartholomew, dba Ecologistics Institute v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6607.
    Gulledge v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6611.
    Heard v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6612.
    Rosa v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6616.
    Angel v. Coiner, Warden.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6624.
    Brown v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6625.
    Coulter v. United States.
   Ct. Cl. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6632.
    Rimka v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6634.
    Conlon et al. v. United States.
   Ct. Cl. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6635.
    Thompson v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6638.
    Mitchell v. Ohio.
   Ct. App. Ohio, Hamilton County. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6640.
    Weaver v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6643.
    No. 73-6887.
    McNellis v. United States; and Millette v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 493 F. 2d 1399.


text:
    No. 73-6648.
    Ervin v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6651.
    No. 73-6731.
    Sims v. United States; and Seals v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 492 F. 2d 1240.


text:
    No. 73-6656.
    Wilford v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6657.
    Foreman v. Texas.
   Ct. Crim. App. Tex. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6658.
    Allison v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6661.
    Lyles v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6662.
    Clark v. Hopper, Warden.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6664.
    Gaines v. Alabama.
   Ct. Crim. App. Ala. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6665.
    Maddox et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6667.
    Pollard v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6668.
    Williams v. Court of Appeal of California, Third Appellate District.
   Sup. Ct. Cal. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6669.
    Rojas v. Florida.
   Sup. Ct. Fla. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6671.
    Trapnell v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6672.
    Herships v. California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 2d App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6674.
    Myers, dba Romyco Stereo v. Ampex, Inc., et al.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6675.
    Smith v. United States.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6676.
    Stephens v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6677.
    Morales v. California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 2d App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6678.
    Curtis v. Alabama.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6679.
    Farris v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6681.
    Liles v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6683.
    Crandall v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6685.
    Hood et ux. v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6686.
    Stafford v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6687.
    Squires et al. v. Procunier, Corrections Director, et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6689.
    Williams v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6690.
    Bibbs v. Missouri.
   Ct. App. Mo., St. Louis Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6691.
    Logan v. Butler, Correctional Superintendent.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6692.
    Lewis v. United States.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6694.
    Johnson v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6695.
    Jordan v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6697.
    Overshon v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6698.
    Brown v. United States et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6699.
    Chatterton v. California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 2d App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6701.
    Campbell v. California et al.
   App. Dept., Super. Ct. Cal., County of Los Angeles. Certio-rari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6702.
    Sullivan v. United States.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6703.
    Oliver v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6705.
    Holland v. Cardwell, Warden.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6706.
    Morrow v. Alabama.
   Ct. Crim. App. Ala. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6707.
    Gubins v. California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 2d App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6709.
    Harmon v. Falgoust et vir.
   Sup. Ct. La. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6710.
    Zaun et ux. v. Fann, Sheriff, et al.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6711.
    Landaw v. United States.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6712.
    Emerine v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6713.
    Frankenberry v. Florida.
   Sup. Ct. Fla. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6714.
    Stebbins v. Keystone Insurance Co. et al.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6715.
    Dawson v. Weinberger, Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6716.
    Roberts v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6717.
    Hicks v. Garrison, Warden, et al.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6718.
    Hackett et al. v. Hunt et al.
   Ct. App. Cal., 2d App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6720.
    Polite v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6722.
    Johnson v. Cowan, Penitentiary Superintendent.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6723.
    Perez et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6724.
    Dunn v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6725.
    No. 73-6728.
    Coleman v. United States; and Coleman v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 495 F. 2d 1374.


text:
    No. 73-6726.
    Chaney v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6727.
    Knight v. United States.
   C. A. 1st Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6729.
    Vessi v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6730.
    Witt et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6734.
    Young et al. v. Wainwright, Corrections Director, et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6736.
    D’Andrea v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6737.
    Hysell v. California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 4th App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6738.
    Smith v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6741.
    Hickson v. Massachusetts.
   Ct. App. Mass. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6742.
    Fruge v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6744.
    Hilliard v. McCarthy.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6745.
    Kelton v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6746.
    Gonzales v. Texas.
   Ct. Crim. App. Tex. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6747.
    Brown v. Wainwright, Corrections Director.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6748.
    Johnson v. Virginia.
   Sup. Ct. Va. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6749.
    Thomas v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6750.
    No. 73-6803.
    Dixon v. United States; and Bland v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 495 F. 2d 1370.


text:
    No. 73-6751.
    LeFebre v. Schmidt, Secretary, Department of Health and Social Services, et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6753.
    Ollis v. Paderick, Penitentiary Superintendent.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6755.
    Shipp v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6756.
    Campbell v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6757.
    Collins v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6762.
    Stebbins v. Insurance Company of North America et al.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6763.
    Smith v. United States.
   Ct. App. D. C. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6764.
    Welch v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6765.
    Davis v. North Carolina.
   Sup. Ct. N. C. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6768.
    No. 73-6775.
    Kopas et al. v. United States et al.; and Kopas et al. v. United States Tax Court et al.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 492 F. 2d 1243.


text:
    No. 73-6771.
    Torbert v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6772.
    Bowser v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6773.
    Yates v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6777.
    St. Lawrence v. United States.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6778.
    Eggleston v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6779.
    Hall v. Witzenfeld, Sheriff, et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6780.
    Bailey v. Michigan.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6782.
    Wilson et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6783.
    King v. New York.
   Ct. App. N. Y. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6784.
    Lombera v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6785.
    Rodriguez v. Government of the Virgin Islands.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6786.
    Ault et al. v. Purcell, Sheriff.
   Ct. App. Ore. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6787.
    Williams v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6788.
    Salinas v. Estelle, Corrections Director.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6789.
    Roe v. United States.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6790.
    Mirin v. Clark County Taxicab Authority et al.
   Sup. Ct. Nev. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6792.
    Hurst, aka Shultz v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6793.
    Montgomery v. United States.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6794.
    Cooper v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6796.
    Bailey v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6797.
    Singleton v. Atkins, Acting Warden.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6798.
    Reed v. Carlyle & Martin, Inc., et al.
   Sup. Ct. Va. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6799.
    Holden v. New York.
   App. Div., Sup. Ct. N. Y., 1st Jud. Dept. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6801.
    Hubbard v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6802.
    Varacalli v. New York.
   App. Div., Sup. Ct. N. Y., 2d Jud. Dept. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6806.
    Sotelo et ux. v. Immigration and Naturalization Service.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6808.
    Alvarez v. New York.
   App. Div., Sup. Ct. N. Y., 1st Jud. Dept. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6811.
    Patrizzi v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6812.
    Jones v. Ohio.
   Ct. App. Ohio, Cuya-hoga County. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6813.
    Johnson v. Wainwright, Corrections Director.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6814.
    Shird v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6815.
    Ferguson v. District of Columbia.
   Ct. App. D. C. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6816.
    Hernandez v. Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare.
   C. A. 1st Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6818.
    Weems v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6819.
    Stroupe v. Tidwell, Commissioner of Revenue.
   Sup. Ct. Tenn. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6820.
    Cooper v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6821.
    Mounce v. Ross et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6822.
    Boyd v. North Carolina.
   Sup. Ct. N. C. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6823.
    Johnson et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6824.
    Little v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6825.
    Erber v. New Jersey.
   Super. Ct. N. J. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6827.
    Kreager v. General Electric Co. et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6829.
    Kinnell v. Gaffney, Warden.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6831.
    Diggs v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6832.
    Simmons v. Wainwright, Corrections Director.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6833.
    Cothrum v. Oklahoma County District Court et al.
   Ct. Crim. App. Okla. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6834.
    Turman v. United States.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6836.
    Holley v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6837.
    Boruski v. United States.
   Ct. Cl. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6838.
    Terrell v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6839.
    Griffith et al. v. Edwards, Sheriff.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6843.
    No. 73-6858.
    Rich v. United States; and Rich v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 495 F. 2d 1374.


text:
    No. 73-6844.
    Crawford v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6845.
    Miller v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6850.
    Campbell v. Georgia et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6854.
    Carratello v. United States.
   C, A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6855.
    Lonis v. Campbell.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6856.
    Robinson v. Jefferson County Board of Education et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6857.
    McWilliams v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6859.
    Untiedt v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6860.
    Cruz-Guerra v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6863.
    Baca v. United States.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6865.
    Grayson v. Alabama.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6866.
    Mulhall v. Inmont Corp.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6869.
    Hardy v. California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 1st App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6870.
    Hayes v. United States.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6871.
    Sappington v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6872.
    Ohmert v. Young.
   Ct. App. Cal., 2d App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6873.
    Bonner et al. v. Marks et al.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6880.
    Martley v. Oklahoma.
   Ct. Crim. App. Okla. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6881.
    Neal v. Smith, Warden, et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6882.
    Murphree v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6883.
    Williams v. California.
   Sup. Ct. Cal. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6886.
    O’Quinn v. Estelle, Corrections Director.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6888.
    Giovine v. Mack Trucks et al.
   Super. Ct. N. J. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6889.
    Schmidt v. United States.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6892.
    Beasley v. California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 4th App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6897.
    Lansberry et al. v. Pittsburgh National Bank.
   Sup. Ct. Pa. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6898.
    Mayo v. LaVallee, Correctional Superintendent.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6900.
    Wilson v. Jerry Miller, Inc.
   Sup. Ct. Ind. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6904.
    Ward v. Texas.
   Ct. Crim. App. Tex. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6905.
    DeVoti v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6910.
    Matlock v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6912.
    Lee v. Alabama.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certi-orari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6915.
    Hurd v. Supreme Court of California.
   Sup. Ct. Cal. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6916.
    Cantoni v. New Jersey.
   Sup. Ct. N. J. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6928.
    Chaney v. McIntosh et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6929.
    Fongone v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6930.
    Huckabay v. California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 2d App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6932.
    Webb et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6937.
    Ingle v. Michigan.
   Sup. Ct. Mich. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6939.
    Brown v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6944.
    Johnson v. Illinois.
   App. Ct. Ill., 4th Jud. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6946.
    Cordova v. Estelle, Corrections Director.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6949.
    Jones v. Nelson, Warden.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6951.
    Kane, dba Kane’s Diesel & Truck Repair v. The Leda et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6955.
    Carter v. Money Tree Co.
   Ct. Civ. App. Tex., 14th Sup. Jud. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6964.
    Olenz v. Teletype Corp. et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6966.
    Parker v. Illinois.
   App. Ct. Ill., 1st Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6972.
    Allen v. Illinois.
   Sup. Ct, Ill. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6982.
    Smith v. Oklahoma.
   Ct. Crina. App. Okla. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6985.
    Jordan v. Wainwright, Corrections Director.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6988.
    Santana v. New York et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied;


text:
    No. 73-6989.
    Bryant v. Henderson, Correctional Superintendent.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6995.
    Herships v. Young, Judge, et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6998.
    Collins v. Michigan.
   Sup. Ct. Mich. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7001.
    Stejskal v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7004.
    Camm et vir v. Florida.
   Sup. Ct. Fla. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7005.
    Powell v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7008.
    Brown v. Groomes, Prison Superintendent.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7012.
    Hernandez v. Craven, Warden.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7015.
    Blondell v. Juras, Administrator, Public Welfare Division.
   Ct. App. Ore. Certiorari

denied.


text:
    No. 73-7018.
    Gusick v. Cardwell, Warden.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7020.
    Ganci v. Henderson, Correctional Superintendent.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7024.
    Caesar v. Henderson, Warden.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7025.
    Johnson v. Hunt, Corrections Director.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7030.
    Polk v. Mississippi.
   Sup. Ct. Miss. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7035.
    Thompson v. North Carolina.
   Sup. Ct. N. C. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7038.
    Christofora v. New York.
   App. Div., Sup. Ct. N. Y., 3d Jud. Dept. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7041.
    Cronin v. Wilson, Governor of New York, et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7042.
    Parker v. Prudential Insurance Company of America et al.
   Super. Ct. Pa. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7046.
    Wiener v. Chance et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7047.
    Pagel v. Oregon.
   Ct. App. Ore. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7060.
    Hernon v. Revere Copper & Brass, Inc.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7063.
    Shiflett v. Alabama.
   Ct. Crina. App. Ala. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7064.
    Grant v. Grant.
   Ct. Civ. App. Ala. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7070.
    White v. Eyman, Warden.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7086.
    Martin v. Estelle, Corrections Director.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7087.
    Trudeau v. Michigan.
   Ct. App. Mich. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7092.
    Whisnant v. Luttrell, Corrections Commissioner, et al.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7095.
    Brown v. Groomes, Prison Superintendent.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7098.
    Gonzales v. Alaska.
   Sup. Ct. Alaska. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7116.
    Evans v. Kentucky.
   Ct. App. Ky. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-1.
    Cardin v. Kentucky.
   Ct. App. Ky. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-2.
    Bill Swad Chrysler-Plymouth Co. v. 565 East Broad, Inc.
   Ct. App. Ohio, Franklin County. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-5.
    Rea et al. v. Ford Motor Co.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-6.
    Anchor Motor Freight, Inc. v. Scott.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-16.
    Cheramie v. Tucker, Judge, et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-20.
    Jacobs v. Gromatsky, District Director of Internal Revenue, et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certio-rari denied.


text:
    No. 74-24.
    England, Trustee in Bankruptcy v. Chrysler Corp. et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-35.
    Olden v. Foss et al.
   Ct. App. Cal., 2d App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-39.
    Klebs v. Indiana.
   Ct. App. Ind. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-47.
    Fibreboard Paper Products Corp. et al. v. Borel.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-48.
    Local 391, International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen & Helpers of America, et al. v. Pilot Freight Carriers, Inc.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-52.
    Lee et al. v. City of Chattanooga et al.
   Ct. App. Tenn. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-53.
    Devita v. Burlington Northern, Inc.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-56.
    Carey v. Davis et al.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-59.
    Stockmen’s Insurance Agency, Inc. v. Guarantee Reserve Life Insurance Company of Hammond, Indiana.
   Sup. Ct. N. D. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-61.
    Niles Sand & Gravel Co., Inc., et al. v. Alameda County Water District.
   Ct. App. Cal., 1st App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-66.
    Hettleman et al. v. Chicago Law Institute et al.
   App. Ct. Ill., 1st Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-68.
    Clarion Corp. v. American Home Products Corp. et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-73.
    Kansas City Star Co., Flambeau Paper Company Division v. Department of Industry, Labor, and Human Relations et al.
   Sup. Ct. Wis. Certio-rari denied.


text:
    No. 74-74.
    Ronson Corp. v. Liquifin AG et al.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-84.
    Miles et al v. Pullman Co. et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-87.
    Mihalopoulos v. Ideal Cement Co.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-91.
    Moulton et ux. v. Ford Motor Co. et al.
   Sup. Ct. Tenn. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-103.
    Williamson Marine Transport, Inc., et al. v. Louisiana Tax Commission.
   Sup. Ct. La. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-147.
    Aaacon Auto Transport, Inc. v. Lasker, U. S. District Judge.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-245.
    Hutter et al. v. City of Chicago.
   App. Ct. Ill., 1st Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-5001.
    Clark v. Carberry.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-5002.
    Coppola v. Griggs, Warden.
   Sup. Ct. Cal. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-5007.
    Patterson v. Estelle, Corrections Director.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-5009.
    Harrison v. Kentucky.
   Ct. App. Ky. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-5019.
    Hymes v. Ohio.
   Ct. App. Ohio, Franklin County. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-5031.
    Moore et al. v. Arizona.
   Sup. Ct. Ariz. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-5080.
    Nichols v. Fuller.
   C. A. 1st Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-5099.
    Curry v. Ohio.
   Ct. App. Ohio, Cuya-hoga County. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-5139.
    Dillingham v. Florida.
   Dist. Ct. App. Fla., 4th Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-5154.
    L’Aquarius, aka Lewellen v. Anderson, Warden.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-5155.
    Davis v. New York.
   App. Div., Sup. Ct. N. Y., 1st Jud. Dept. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-1281.
    Tonasket et al. v. Thompson et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Motion of Hoopa Valley Tribe of Indians for leave to file a brief as amicus curiae granted. Certio-rari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certio-rari.


text:
    No. 73-1308.
    White v. United States et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1390.
    Dornau v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1407.
    Ysrael v. Guam Federation of Teachers, Local 1581, American Federation of Teachers, et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1486.
    Sotomura et ux. v. County of Hawaii et al.
   Sup. Ct. Hawaii. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1501.
    Bramblett v. Desobry et al.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1512.
    Kristovich v. California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 4th App. Dist. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1521.
    Loschiavo v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1544.
    Wingate v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1560.
    Marion v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1604.
    Niezek v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1621.
    Dioguardi v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1624.
    Andrea Dumon, Inc., et al. v. Clairol, Inc.
   App. Ct. Ill., 1st Dist. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1632.
    Smith et al. v. Stewart et al.
   App. Ct. Ill., 1st Dist. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1638.
    Gold On Behalf of Susquehanna Corp. v. Scurlock et al.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1658.
    Pacific Far East Line, Inc. v. Hartford Fire Insurance Co.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1668.
    Barbour v. District Director, Immigration and Naturalization Service.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1671.
    Smallwood v. Pearl Brewing Co. et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1676.
    Wahba v. New York University et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1700.
    National Nutritional Foods Assn, et al. v. Schmidt, Commissioner of Food and Drugs Division, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1706.
    Woodruff & Sons, Inc., et al. v. Laser Alignment, Inc., et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1710.
    Kan Kam Lin et al. v. Rinaldi, District Director, Immigration and Naturalization Service, et al.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1747.
    Coors Porcelain Co. v. Colorado et al.
   Sup. Ct. Colo. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1757.
    Federal Electric Corp. v. United States.
   Ct. Cl. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1767.
    Burchett v. Cardwell, Warden.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1770.
    Silverman et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1774.
    Anderson et ux. v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1782.
    Howard v. City of Cincinnati.
   Ct. App. Ohio, Hamilton County. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1812.
    Willis et al. v. California.
   Ct. App.

Cal., 1st App. Dist. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1819.
    Cramer et al. v. Virginia.
   Sup. Ct. Va. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1828.
    Hochfelder et al. v. Midwest Stock Exchange et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1836.
    Limback v. Weinberger, Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1868.
    Terraciano v. Smith, Correctional Superintendent, et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1914.
    Westermayer et al. v. Pullman Co. et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1935.
    Payne, a minor, by Payne v. City of Fort Lauderdale et al.
   Dist. Ct. App. Fla., 4th Dist. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1944.
    Ford Wholesale Co., Inc. v. Fibreboard Paper Products Corp.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6302.
    Rechtman v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6365.
    Payne v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6379.
    Lego v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6414.
    Burns v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6425.
    Chambers v. Delaney et al.
   Ct. App. Okla. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6428.
    Whitfield v. Warden, Maryland House of Correction.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6445.
    Cunningham v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6545.
    Payne v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6552.
    Patterson v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6609.
    Taylor v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6614.
    Clanton v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6663.
    Collins v. Brierley, Correctional Superintendent.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6680.
    Jones v. Vincent, Correctional Superintendent.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6684.
    Maupin v. Estelle, Corrections Director.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6696.
    Cauley v. Georgia.
   Ct. App. Ga. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6700.
    Matthews v. United States.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6733.
    Robinson v. Tennessee.
   Sup. Ct. Tenn. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6735.
    Taggart v. Oregon.
   Ct. App. Ore. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6743.
    Nevarez-Alcantar, aka Martinez v. United States.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6752.
    LeFebre v. Cady, Warden.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6758.
    Mora-Chavez v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6769.
    Lord v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari,


text:
    No. 73-6776.
    Durkin v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6781.
    Artieri v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6791.
    Overshon v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6804.
    Brinlee v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6852.
    McBride v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6911.
    Davis v. Johnson, Correctional Superintendent, et al.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6925.
    Estrada v. California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 5th App. Dist. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6941.
    Campbell v. United States District Court for the Northern District of California.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6948.
    Thomas v. Cannon, Warden, et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6958.
    Liebsch v. Liebsch.
   Ct. Sp. App. Md. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6961.
    Wiley v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-7073.
    Pratt v. California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 2d App. Dist. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-7077.
    Randall v. Goldmark, Secretary, Executive Office of Human Resources of Massachusetts, et al.
   C. A. 1st Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-7085.
    LePage et al. v. Picard, Correctional Superintendent.
   C. A. 1st Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 74-34.
    International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, Local 336, AFL-CIO v. Illinois Bell Telephone Co.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 74-5023.
    Everett v. Arizona.
   Sup. Ct. Ariz. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 74-5034.
    Rice v. Vincent, Correctional Superintendent.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 74-5163.
    Pickens v. Texas.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1329.
    Pennsylvania v. Woods.
   Sup. Ct. Pa. Motion of respondent for leave to proceed in forma pau-peris granted. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-1536.
    Henderson, Warden v. Barksdale.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Motion of respondent for leave to proceed in forma pauperis granted. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-1653.
    Enslow, Sheriff v. Watson.
   Sup. Ct. Colo. Motion of respondent for leave to proceed in forma pauperis granted. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-1726.
    United States v. Hamilton.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Motion of respondent for leave to proceed in forma pauperis granted. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-1783.
    Monticello v. Monticello.
   Ct. App. Md. Motion of respondent for leave to proceed in forma pauperis granted. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-90.
    Keller, Secretary, Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services of Florida, et al. v. Mixon, a minor, by Carter, et al.
   Certiorari before judgment to C. A. 5th Cir. Motion of respondents for leave to proceed in forma pauperis granted. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-1348.
    J. M. Fields, Inc. v. Brennan, Secretary of Labor.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Motion of Chamber of Commerce of the United States for leave to file a brief as amicus curiae granted. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-1414.
    Minnesota v. Andrews.
   Sup. Ct. Minn. Certiorari denied, it appearing that judgment below rests upon adequate state grounds.


text:
    No. 73-1576.
    Disheroon v. Oklahoma.
   Ct. Crim. App. Okla. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas and Mr. Justice Blackmun would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1642.
    International Association of Machinists & Aerospace Workers, AFL-CIO v. National Labor Relations Board.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas, Mr. Justice Brennan, and Mr. Justice White would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1644.
    Arends v. Arends.
   Sup. Ct. Utah. Motion of respondent for leave to proceed in forma pauperis granted. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1648.
    Ivanov v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas, Mr. Justice Brennan, and Mr. Justice Stewart would grant certiorari. Mr. Justice Marshall took no part in the consideration or decision of this petition.


text:
    No. 73-1655.
    Ruhm v. Turner, Sheriff, et al.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Application for bail presented to Mr. Justice White, and by him referred to the Court, denied. Certiorari denied. See Molinaro v. New Jersey, 396 U. S. 365 (1970).


text:
    No. 73-1657.
    Estate of Meade et al. v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certio-rari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas, Mr. Justice Stewart, and Mr. Justice White would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1688.
    Cronrath v. Johnson.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Motion of respondent for leave to proceed in jorma pau-peris granted. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas and Mr. Justice Blackmun would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1693.
    Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Co.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice White took no part in the consideration or decision of this petition.


text:
    No. 73-1753.
    In re Estate of Cassidy et al.
   Sup. Jud. Ct. Me. Certiorari and other relief denied.


text:
    No. 73-1772.
    No. 73-1776.
    No. 73-1790.
    No. 73-1825.
    Southern California Gas Co. v. Federal Power Commission; Pacific Gas & Electric Co. v. Federal Power Commission; San Diego Gas & Electric Co. v. Federal Power Commission; and City of Willcox et al. v. Federal Power Commission.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Powell took no part in the consideration or decision of these petitions.


text:
    No. 73-1672.
    United States v. Bankers Trust Co. et al., Trustees.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Motion to substitute Bank of New York et al. in place of Morgan Guaranty-Trust Company of New York as parties respondent granted. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-1805.
    American Dairy of Evansville, Inc. v. Kraftco Corp.
   C. C. P. A. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Powell took no part in the consideration or decision of this petition.


text:
    No. 73-1846.
    Perry v. Columbia Broadcasting System, Inc., et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Powell took no part in the consideration or decision of this petition.


text:
    No. 73-1789.
    Mr. Steak, Inc., et al. v. Edina State Bank.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Motion of Stock Transfer Assn., Inc., for leave to file a brief as amicus curiae granted. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-1887.
    Triano v. New Jersey.
   Super. Ct. N. J. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Brennan and Mr. Justice Stewart would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1925.
    Delphi Community School Building Corp. v. Northeastern Insurance Company of Hartford et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Motion of Fred A. Mauck, Director of Insurance of Illinois, as Liquidator of Home Owners Insurance Co., for leave to file a brief as amicus curiae granted. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-2014.
    Missouri Portland Cement Co. v. Cargill, Inc.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas and Mr. Justice Brennan would grant certiorari. Mr. Justice Blackmun took no part in the consideration or decision of this petition.


text:
    No. 78-2038.
    Churchill Area School District et al. v. Hoots et al.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Motion of respondents Knight et al. for leave to proceed in forma pauperis granted. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6601.
    Williams v. California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 2d App. Dist. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas and Mr. Justice Brennan would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6636.
    Andrews v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Stewart would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6805.
    Gearin v. Weyerhaeuser Line.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Motion of Apostleship of the Sea for leave to file a brief as amicus curiae granted. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7079.
    Hardaway v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied as untimely filed.

Mr. Justice Douglas and Mr. Justice Stewart would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 74-10.
    Nestler et al. v. Richey, U. S. District Judge.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied as untimely filed.


text:
    No. 74-27.
    Long Island Rail Road Co. v. Interstate Commerce Commission et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Motion to consolidate with No. 74r-360 [Long Island Rail Road Co. v. United States] and certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-50.
    Henderson et al. v. Moye.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Powell would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 74-89.
    Swank, Director, Department of Public Aid of Illinois v. Rodriguez et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Motion of respondent Rodriguez for leave to proceed in forma pauperis granted. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-97.
    Diamond et al. v. Bland, Sheriff, et al.
   Sup. Ct. Cal. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas and Mr. Justice Stewart would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 74-102.
    Katz v. Carte Blanche Corp.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas took no part in the consideration or decision of this petition.


text:
    No. 74-129.
    Taub, Hummel & Schnall, Inc. v. I. C. Herman & Co., Inc.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.

The Chief Justice, Mr. Justice Stewart, and Mr. Justice Blackmun would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 72-863.
    No. 72-1713.
    No. 72-5278.
    No. 73-507.
    No. 73-781.
    No. 73-788.
    No. 73-905.
    No. 73-908.
    Fiorella et al. v. United States, Secretary of the Navy v. Avrech, Cox et al. v. United States, Hamling et al. v. United States, Scherk v. Alberto-Culver Co., Brown v. United States, Talbert v. United States, Cote v. United States,
   417 U. S. 917;

418 U. S. 676;

417 U. S. 918;

418 U. S. 87;

417 U. S. 506;

418 U. S. 928;

416 U. S. 982; and

418 U. S. 954. Petitions for rehearing denied.


text:
    No. 73-933.
    No. 73-1003.
    No. 73-1075.
    No. 73-1145.
    No. 73-1222.
    No. 73-1224.
    No. 73-1284.
    No. 73-1355.
    No. 73-1361.
    No. 73-1429.
    No. 73-1463.
    No. 73-1480.
    No. 73-1482.
    No. 73-1487.
    No. 73-1529.
    No. 73-5265.
    No. 73-5547.
    No. 73-6298.
    Parsons et al. v. Knopp et ux., National Indian Youth Council et al. v. Bruce et al., Thevis v. United States, Technical Development Corp. et al. v. United States, Tidewater Oil Co. v. United States et al., Phillips Petroleum Co. v. United States et al., Mervin v. Federal Trade Commission, Kuntzweiler v. United States, Baldridge et al. v. Hadley et al., Lowe et al. v. Union Oil Co. of California et al., Konigsberg et al. v. Nixon, Umphrey et al. v. McGraw-Edison Co., Manzardo et al. v. Pullman Co. et al., DeMichele et ux. v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, General Tire & Rubber Co. v. Firestone Tire & Rubber Co., Kokoszka v. Belford, Trustee in Bankruptcy, Huguez v. California, Frazier v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue,
   417 U. S. 908;

417 U. S. 920;

418 U. S. 932;

416 U. S. 983;

418 U. S. 906;

418 U. S. 906;

417 U. S. 930;

417 U. S. 910;

417 U. S. 910;

417 U. S. 931 ;

417 U. S. 931;

417 U. S. 912;

417 U. S. 912;

417 U. S. 968;

417 U. S. 932;

417 U. S. 642;

418 U. S. 905; and

416 U. S. 990. Petitions for rehearing denied.


text:
    No. 73-6305.
    No. 73-6328.
    No. 73-6397.
    No. 73-6447.
    No. 73-6518.
    No. 73-6519.
    No. 73-6525.
    No. 73-6570.
    No. 73-6597.
    No. 73-6615.
    No. 73-6619.
    No. 73-6653.
    No. 73-6654.
    No. 73-6688.
    O’Brien v. California, O’Kelly v. Iowa, Sims v. Utah, McKernie v. United States. Crandall v. Texas, Winkfield v. Ohio, Mendes v. Railway Express Agency, Inc., et al., Hall v. Alabama, Carter v. Estelle, Corrections Director, et al., Lane v. Kern, Sheriff, Hunter v. Appellate Court of Illinois, First District, Fourth Division, et al., Bartos v. Brigham Young University et al., Sangster v. United States, Kaplan v. Associated-East Mortgage Co.,
   417 U. S. 936;

417 U. S. 936;

417 U. S. 970;

417 U. S. 934;

417 U. S. 902;

417 U. S. 902;

417 U. S. 916;

417 U. S. 917;

417 U. S. 966;

417 U. S. 972;

417 U. S. 966;

417 U. S. 973;

417 U. S. 950; and

417 U. S. 950. Petitions for rehearing denied.


text:
    No. 73-740.
    No. 73-1091.
    No. 73-1161.
    No. 73-1388.
    No. 73-5150.
    Chicago & Suburban Refuse Disposal Assn, et al. v. A. Cherney Disposal Co. et al., Peachtree News Co., Inc. v. United States, Paris Adult Theatre I et al. v. Slaton, District Attorney, et al., Mead et al. v. Horvitz Publishing Co. et al., O’Brien v. California,
   414 U. S. 1131;

418 U. S. 932;

418 U. S. 939;

416 U. S. 985; and

414 U. S. 1006. Motions for leave to file petitions for rehearing denied.


text:
    No. 73-5863.
    No. 73-6195.
    Valley v. United States, Sayles v. Gesell, U. S. District Judge,
   416 U. S. 936; 417 U. S. 927; and

416 U. S. 934 ; 417 U. S. 937. Motions for leave to file second petitions for rehearing denied.


text:
    No. 73-6589.
    Sayles v. Sirica, U. S. District Judge, et al.,
   417 U. S. 943. Petition for rehearing and other relief denied.


text:
    October 21, 1974
    No. 73-1371.
    No. 73-1740.
    New York on Behalf of New York County et al. v. United States et al.; and New York on Behalf of New York County et al. v. United States et al.
   Affirmed on appeals from D. C. D. C.


text:
    No. 74-183.
    Koplin et al. v. Village of Hinsdale et al.
   Affirmed on appeal from D. C. N. D. Ill.


text:
    No. 74-194.
    No. 74-196.
    Wall et al. v. Hardwick et al.; and Hardwick et al. v. Wall et al.
   Affirmed on appeals from D. C. N. D. Ga. Reported below: 379 F. Supp. 175.


author: Mr. Justice White,

text:
    No. 73-1612.
    Luetkemeyer et al. v. Kaufmann et al.
   Affirmed on appeal from D. C. W. D. Mo.

Mr. Justice White,

joined by The Chief Justice, dissenting.

Missouri provides bus transportation to school for public school children, but not for private school children, living specified distances from their schools. Mo. Rev. Stat. §§ 167.231, 167.251, 163.161 (1969). Appellant Urban Luetkemeyer, a Missouri taxpayer, sends his children, in accordance with his religious conscience, to a school related to the Roman Catholic Church. He brought this lawsuit claiming that that the denial of bus transportation to parochial school children violates his and his children’s due process, equal protection, and free exercise rights. The District Court, Judge Gibson dissenting, ruled in favor of appellees, and this Court now summarily affirms.

In Everson v. Board of Education, 330 U. S. 1 (1947), the Court upheld a state statute authorizing local school districts to provide bus transportation to school for parochial school children. This case presents the question whether in some circumstances a State may be constitutionally compelled to provide such transportation. This Court has never ruled on this question. Cf. Norwood v. Harrison, 413 U. S. 455, 462 (1973); Everson v. Board of Education, supra, at 16.

In Everson the Court noted that persons could not be excluded by a State “because of their faith, or lack of it, from receiving the benefits of public welfare legislation.” Ibid, (emphasis in original). The Court found that the New Jersey statute in question “does no more than provide a general program to help parents get their children, regardless of their religion, safely and expeditiously to and from accredited schools.” Id., at 18. Clearly this Court viewed the program of bus transportation as a service “so separate and so indisputably marked off from the religious function ...” that it could not be considered aid to religious schools in violation of the Establishment Clause. Ibid. See also Committee for Public Education & Religious Liberty v. Nyquist, 413 U. S. 756, 781-782 (1973); Board of Education v. Allen, 392 U. S. 236, 242 (1968).

The District Court in this case rejected appellants’ equal protection claim on the ground that the Missouri program, in excluding private school children from the bus service, was in pursuit of a valid state, interest in “maintaining a very high wall between church and state.” 364 F. Supp. 376, 383 (WD Mo. 1973). The enforcement of church-state separation could in many instances be a valid state interest, but after Everson it would be difficult to assert that refusal to extend busing to parochial school children, without more, furthers a legitimate state interest in avoiding church-state entanglements. On the contrary, the “benefits of public welfare legislation” — here a “general program to help parents get their childen . . . safely and expeditiously to and from accredited schools,” Everson, supra, at 16, 18—seem to be denied because certain students are seeking religious training. Without a valid interest supporting the different treatment accorded public school and parochial school students, that classification would violate federal equal protection principles. Moreover, the arbitrariness of the denial of a general public service raises the question whether the State has not become the “adversary” of the religion and has placed burdens on appellants’ free exercise rights.

I would note probable jurisdiction and set this case for argument.


text:
    No. 73-1718.
    Franchise Tax Board of California et al. v. United Americans for Public Schools et al.
   Affirmed on appeal from D. C. N. D. Cal.

Mr. Justice White,

joined by The Chief Justice and Mr. Justice Rehnquist,

dissenting.

The District Court struck down the California statute providing state income-tax reductions for taxpayers sending their children to nonpublic schools. The Court summarily affirms this judgment. For the reasons stated in my dissent in Committee for Public Education & Religious Liberty v. Nyquist, 413 U. S. 756, 813-824 (1973), I disagree and respectfully dissent.


text:
    No. 74-377.
    Kanapaux v. Ellisor, Director, South Carolina State Election Commission, et al.
   Appeal from D. C. S. C. Motions of John C. West et al. and Charles D. Ravenel for leave to file briefs as amici curiae granted. Judgment affirmed.


text:
    No. 73-7028.
    Bulgren v. California.
   Appeal from Sup. Ct. Cal. dismissed for want of jurisdiction. Treating the papers whereon the appeal was taken as a petition for writ of certiorari, certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-143.
    Camp et al. v. Straughn, Director, Department of Revenue, et al.
   Appeal from Sup. Ct. Fla. dismissed for want of substantial federal question.


text:
    No. 74-148.
    Southern Haulers, Inc. v. Department of Public Safety et al.
   Appeal from Sup. Ct. Ala. dismissed for want of substantial federal question.


text:
    No. 74-192.
    City of Virginia, Minnesota, et al. v. Nyberg et al.
   Appeal from C. A. 8th Cir. dismissed for want of jurisdiction. Treating the papers whereon the appeal was taken as a petition for writ of certiorari, certi-orari denied. Mr. Justice White would postpone question of jurisdiction to hearing of case on the merits.


text:
    No. 73-2047.
    Buck et al. v. Impeach Nixon Committee et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari granted, judgment vacated, and case remanded to ascertain whether a case or controversy still exists, and, if so, for reconsideration in light of Lehman v. City of Shaker Heights, 418 U. S. 298 (1974).


text:
    No. 73-6795.
    Hayles v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Motion for leave to proceed in forma pauperis and certiorari granted. Upon representation of the Solicitor General set forth in his brief for the United States filed September 19, 1974, judgment of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit vacated and case remanded to the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas to permit the Government to

dismiss the charges against petitioner.

The Chief Justice, Mr. Justice White, and Mr. Justice Rehnquist dissent.


text:
    No. 73-296.
    Huffman et al. v. Pursue, Ltd.
   Appeal from D. C. N. D. Ohio. [Probable jurisdiction noted, 415 U. S. 974.] Brief for appellants does not comply with this Court’s Rules 39 and 40 with respect to conciseness, statement of questions without unnecessary detail, and printing of appendices thereto. Accordingly, as provided in paragraph 5 of Rule 40, brief of appellants is hereby stricken. Counsel for appellants may file a brief complying with the Rules within 20 days of the date of this order. Oral argument will be allowed only by counsel who have filed briefs that conform to the Rules.

Mr. Justice Douglas dissents.


text:
    No. 73-1004.
    Southeastern Promotions, Ltd. v. Conrad et al.
   C. A. 6th Cir. [Certiorari granted, 415 U. S. 912.] Motion of Charles H. Keating, Jr., for leave to file a brief as amicus curiae denied.


text:
    No. 73-1446.
    Roe et al. v. Doe.
   Ct. App. N. Y. [Certiorari granted, 417 U. S. 907.] Motion of American Civil Liberties Union et al. for leave to file a brief as amici curiae denied. Motions of Association of American Publishers, Inc., and American Psychiatric Assn, et al. for leave to file briefs as amid curuxe granted.


text:
    No. 73-6033.
    Roe et al. v. Norton, Commissioner of Welfare.
   Appeal from D. C. Conn. [Probable jurisdiction noted, 415 U. S. 912.] Motion of children of appellants for divided argument with appellants and for additional time for oral argument granted, and 10 additional minutes allotted for that purpose. Appellee also allotted 10 additional minutes for oral argument.


text:
    No. 74-167.
    United States Railway Assn. v. Connecticut General Insurance Corp. et al.
   Appeal from D. C. E. D. Pa. [Probable jurisdiction noted, ante, p. 802.] Motion of Trustees of Reading Co. for leave to file a brief as amicus curiae granted.


text:
    No. 73-1461.
    Stanton v. Stanton.
   Appeal from

Sup. Ct. Utah. Probable jurisdiction noted.


text:
    No. 73-1933.
    United States v. Citizens & Southern National Bank et al.
   Appeal from D. C. N. D. Ga. Probable jurisdiction noted.


text:
    No. 73-6587.
    Herring v. New York.
   Appeal from App. Div., Sup. Ct. N. Y., 2d Jud. Dept. Motion of appellant for leave to proceed in forma pauperis granted. Probable jurisdiction noted.


text:
    No. 73-6739.
    Costarelli v. Massachusetts.
   Appeal from Municipal Ct. of Boston. Motion for leave to proceed in forma pauperis granted. Further consideration of question of jurisdiction postponed to hearing of case on the merits.


text:
    No. 73-1531.
    Johnson et al. v. Mississippi et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari granted.


text:
    No. 74-8.
    O’Connor v. Donaldson.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari granted.


text:
    No. 73-1994.
    Vella v. Ford Motor Co.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari granted limited to Question 1 presented by the petition which reads as follows: “Is a disabled seaman who contracted by trauma a permanent disease while in the service of a vessel entitled to maintenance and cure payments during the interim between the period the incident occurred and the time the disease was medically diagnosed and proclaimed incurable?”


text:
    No. 73-1995.
    Breed, Director, California Youth Authority v. Jones.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Motion of respondent for leave to proceed in forma pauperis and cer-tiorari granted.


text:
    No. 73-2055.
    Securities Investor Protection Corp. v. Barbour et al.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari granted limited to the following questions:

1. Whether customers of a Member have an implied private right of action to compel SIPC to meet its alleged obligations to them under the Act, despite § 7 (b) thereof which grants that right only to the Securities and Exchange Commission?

2. If such a right of action can be implied, whether a receiver of a Member has standing to maintain it?


text:
    No. 73-6650.
    Brown v. Illinois.
   Sup. Ct. Ill. Motion for leave to proceed in forma pauperis and certiorari granted.


text:
    No. 74-107.
    Preiser, Commissioner of Correctional Services of New York, et al. v. Newkirk.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Motion of respondent for leave to proceed in forma pauperis and certiorari granted. In addition to question presented by the petition, parties are directed to brief and argue question of mootness.


text:
    No. 74-175.
    No. 74-5176.
    Middendorf, Secretary of the Navy, et al. v. Henry et al.; and Henry et al. v. Middendorf, Secretary of the Navy, et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Motion of petitioner in No. 74-5176 for leave to proceed in forma pauperis granted. Certiorari granted, cases consolidated, and a total of one hour allotted for oral argument.


text:
    No. 73-1578.
    Iveli v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-1663.
    No. 73-6631.
    Gardner v. United States; and Sano v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-1809.
    United States v. Bradshaw.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-1838.
    Crisler, Commissioner of Public Safety of Mississippi, et al. v. Morrow et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-1878.
    No. 73-1901.
    Zane et al. v. United States; and Persky v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-1922.
    First Presbyterian Church of Forest Park et al. v. Lowe et al.
   Sup. Ct. Ill. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-1930.
    Jeffries v. United States.
   Ct. App. D. C. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-1952.
    Tosini v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-1955.
    Amos v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-1960.
    Angiulo v. United States.
   C. A. 1st Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-1975.
    Ferraro v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-1988.
    Texas City Dike & Marina, Inc. v. Brennan, Secretary of Labor.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certio-rari denied.


text:
    No. 73-2003.
    Spiegel, Inc. v. Federal Trade Commission.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-2009.
    Savard v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-2032.
    Local 399, International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, AFL-CIO v. National Labor Relations Board.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-2036.
    Inquipco, Inc., dba Industrial Equipment Co., et al. v. Commerce Union Bank.
   Ct. App. Tenn. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-2046.
    Five Smiths, Inc. v. Hollaway et al.
   Temp. Emerg. Ct. App. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-2054.
    Hudson Berlind Corp. v. National Labor Relations Board.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-2067.
    Simpson v. Simpson.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6682.
    Martinez-Miramontes v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6774.
    Ephraim v. Estelle, Corrections Director.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6807.
    No. 73-6842.
    No. 73-6906.
    Bowden v. United States; Adams v. United States; and Jenkins v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6841.
    Rosoto et al. v. California.
   Sup. Ct. Cal. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6846.
    Penick v. United States.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6885.
    Downen et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6901.
    Hodge v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6924.
    Garcia v. United States.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6927.
    Mitchell v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6960.
    Wynn v. United States.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6962.
    Hill v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6967.
    No. 73-7002.
    Villone v. United States; and Palmeri v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6970.
    Caulton v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6974.
    Torres v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6976.
    Rodriguez-Gonzalez v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6977.
    Brooks v. Blackledge, Warden.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6979.
    Brooks v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-6984.
    Whittington v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7000.
    Huntley v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7009.
    Kilgariff v. California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 2d App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7011.
    Weems v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7016.
    Viera v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7021.
    Howard v. United States et al.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7023.
    West v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7034.
    Clark v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7043.
    Ruiz v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7044.
    Dorrough v. Congress of the United States.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7048.
    James v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7052.
    Ward v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7053.
    Bailley v. United States.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7056.
    Marshall v. United States.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7057.
    Disher et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7062.
    Kopp v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7065.
    Bodey v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7068.
    Bowdach v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7072.
    Crowder v. Whitehead et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7078.
    Gisher v. United States.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7083.
    Ferguson v. United States.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 73-7100.
    Smith v.. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-38.
    Yokozeki v. State Bar of California.
   Sup. Ct. Cal. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-42.
    Cubic Corp. v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-46.
    Equity Securities Corp. et al. v. El Khadem.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-60.
    Tillem v. New Jersey.
   Super. Ct. N. J. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-64.
    Abate et al. v. Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co. et al.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-72.
    Fletcher v. American Security & Trust Co., Trustee.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-79.
    Howard v. Pennsylvania.
   Super. Ct. Pa. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-82.
    Kittyhawk, Ltd., et al. v. City of Middletown, Ohio, et al.
   Sup. Ct. Ohio. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-86.
    Leonard v. Strauss.
   App. Term, Sup. Ct. N. Y., 1st Jud. Dept. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-113.
    Keys v. Sawyer.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-130.
    Motorists Mutual Insurance Co. v. Simpson, Administratrix, et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 74-134.
    Holsapple, a Minor, by Holsapple v. Woods, Superintendent, Odin Community Unit School District No. 700, et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 72-1727.
    Valen v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-1950.
    Wallis v. O’Kier.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-2062.
    Three Affiliated Tribes of the Fort Berthold Reservation v. United States.
   Ct. Cl. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6760.
    Robinson v. New Jersey.
   Sup. Ct. N. J. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-6909.
    White v. United States.
   C. A, 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 73-7022.
    Corbin v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 74-106.
    Alberto-Culver Co. et al. v. LaMaur, Inc.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


text:
    No. 74-5058.
    Baker v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.


author: Mr. Justice Brennan,

text:
    No. 73-1477.
    Price v. Virginia.
   Sup. Ct. Va. Cer-tiorari denied. Mr. Justice Douglas, being of the view that any state or federal ban on, or regulation of, obscenity is prohibited by the Constitution, Miller v. California, 413 U. S. 15, 42-47 (Douglas, J., dissenting); Paris Adult Theatre I v. Slaton, 413 U. S. 49, 70-73 (Douglas, J., dissenting), would grant certiorari in this case and summarily reverse the judgment.

Mr. Justice Brennan,

with whom Mr. Justice Stewart and Mr. Justice Marshall join,

dissenting.

Petitioner, the manager of a movie théater, was convicted in the Corporation Court of the city of Danville, Va., of exhibiting an allegedly obscene motion picture entitled “Anomalies.” The statute under which he was convicted, Va. Code Ann. § 18.1-230 (Supp. 1973), provides in pertinent part:

“Every person who knowingly ... [pjroduces, promotes, prepares, presents, manages, directs, carries on or participates in, any obscene exhibitions or performances, including the exhibition or performance of any obscene motion picture . . . shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.”

As used in that section:

“The word ‘obscene’ . . . shall mean that which considered as a whole has as its dominant theme or purpose an appeal to prurient interest, that is, a shameful or morbid interest in nudity, sex or excretion, and if it goes substantially beyond customary limits of candor in description or representation of such matters.” § 18.1-227 (1960).

The Virginia Supreme Court affirmed the conviction. This Court granted certiorari, vacated the judgment, and remanded the case to the Virginia Supreme Court for further consideration in light of Miller v. California, 413 U. S. 15 (1973), and companion cases. 413 U. S. 912. On remand, the Virginia Supreme Court again affirmed the conviction.

It is my view that “at least in the absence of distribution to juveniles or obtrusive exposure to unconsenting adults, the First and Fourteenth Amendments prohibit the State and Federal Governments from attempting wholly to suppress sexually oriented materials on the basis of their allegedly ‘obscene’ contents.” Paris Adult Theatre I v. Slaton, 413 U. S. 49, 113 (1973) (Brennan, J., dissenting). It is clear that, tested by that constitutional standard, § 18.1-230, as it incorporates the definition of “obscene” in § 18.1-227, is constitutionally over-broad and therefore invalid on its face. For the reasons stated in my dissent in Miller v. California, supra, at 47, and because the judgment of the Virginia Supreme Court was rendered after Miller, I would reverse. In that circumstance, I have no occasion to consider whether the other questions presented merit plenary review. See Heller v. New York, 413 U. S. 483, 494 (1973) (Brennan, J., dissenting).

Finally, it does not appear from the petition and response that the obscenity of the disputed material was adjudged by applying local community standards. Based on my dissent in Hamling v. United States, 418 U. S. 87, 141 (1974), I believe that, consistent with the Due Process Clause, petitioner must be given an opportunity to have his case decided on, and to introduce evidence relevant to, the legal standard upon which his conviction has ultimately come to depend. Thus, even on its own terms, the Court should vacate the judgment below and remand for a determination whether petitioner should be afforded a new trial under local community standards.

      Although four of us would grant certiorari and reverse the judgment, the Justices who join this opinion do not insist that the case be decided on the merits.


text:
    No. 73-1526.
    Cangiano v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied. Mr. Justice Douglas, being of the view that any state or federal ban on, or regulation of, obscenity is prohibited by the Constitution, Miller v. California, 413 U. S. 15, 42-47 (Douglas, J., dissenting); Paris Adult Theatre I v. Slaton, 413 U. S. 49, 70-73 (Douglas, J., dissenting), would grant certio-rari in this case and summarily reverse the judgment.

Mr. Justice Brennan,

with whom Mr. Justice Stewart and Mr. Justice Marshall join,

dissenting.

Petitioner was convicted in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York of transporting allegedly obscene materials in interstate commerce for the purpose of sale in violation of 18 U. S. C. § 1465, which provides in pertinent part as follows:

“Whoever knowingly transports in interstate or foreign commerce for the purpose of sale or distribution any obscene, lewd, lascivious, or filthy book, pamphlet, picture, film, paper, letter, writing, print, silhouette, drawing, figure, image, cast, phonograph recording, electrical transcription or other article capable of producing sound or any other matter of indecent or immoral character, shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both.”

The Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit affirmed, 491 F. 2d 906 (1974).

I adhere to my dissent in United States v. Orito, 413 U. S. 139, 147 (1973), in which, speaking of 18 U. S. C. § 1462, which is similar in scope to § 1465,1 expressed the view that “[wjhatever the extent of the Federal Government's power to bar the distribution of allegedly obscene material to juveniles or the offensive exposure of such material to unconsenting adults, the statute before us is clearly overbroad and unconstitutional on its face.” 413 U. S., at 147-148. For the reasons stated in my dissent in Miller v. California, 413 U. S. 15, 47 (1973), I would therefore grant certiorari, and, since the judgment of the Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit was rendered after Orito, reverse. In that circumstance, I have no occasion to consider whether the other questions presented merit plenary review. See Heller v. New York, 413 U. S. 483, 494 (1973) (Brennan, J., dissenting).

Finally, it does not appear from the petition and response that the obscenity of the disputed materials was adjudged by applying local community standards. Based on my dissent in Hamling v. United States, 418 U. S. 87, 141 (1974), I believe that, consistent with the Due Process Clause, petitioner must be given an opportunity to have his case decided on, and to introduce evidence relevant to, the legal standard upon which his conviction has ultimately come to depend. Thus, even on its own terms, the Court should vacate the judgment below and remand for a determination whether petitioner should be afforded a new trial under local community standards.

      Although four of us would grant certiorari and reverse the judgment, the Justices who join this opinion do not insist that the case be decided on the merits.


text:
    No. 73-1548.
    Winslow v. Virginia.
   Sup. Ct. Va. Certiorari denied. Mr. Justice Douglas, being of the view that any state or federal ban on, or regulation of, obscenity is prohibited by the Constitution, Miller v. California, 413 U. S. 15, 42-47 (Douglas, J., dissenting); Paris Adult Theatre I v. Slaton, 413 U. S. 49, 70-73 (Douglas, J., dissenting), would grant certiorari in this ease and summarily reverse the judgment.

Mr. Justice Brennan,

with whom Mr. Justice Stewart and Mr. Justice Marshall join,

dissenting.

Petitioner was convicted in the Corporation Court of the city of Norfolk, Virginia, of selling and distributing an allegedly obscene movie and an allegedly obscene magazine. The statute under which he was convicted, Va. Code Ann. § 18.1-228 (Supp. 1973), provides in pertinent part:

“Every person who knowingly... [p] ublishes, sells, rents, lends, transports in intrastate commerce, or distributes or exhibits any obscene item . . . shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.”

As used in that section:

“The word ‘obscene’ . . . shall mean that which considered as a whole has as its dominant theme or purpose an appeal to prurient interest, that is, a shameful or morbid interest in nudity, sex or excretion, and if it goes substantially beyond customary limits of candor in description or representation of such matters.” § 18.1-227 (1960).

The Supreme Court of Virginia affirmed by order on October 17, 1972. This Court granted certiorari, vacated the judgment of the Supreme Court of Virginia, and remanded the case for further consideration in light of Miller v. California, 413 U. S. 15 (1973), and companion cases. 413 U. S. 913. The Supreme Court of Virginia again affirmed the conviction.

It is my view that “at least in the absence of distribution to juveniles or obtrusive exposure to unconsenting adults, the First and Fourteenth Amendments prohibit the State and Federal Governments from attempting wholly to suppress sexually oriented materials on the basis of their allegedly ‘obscene’ contents.” Paris Adult Theatre I v. Slaton, 413 U. S. 49, 113 (1973) (Brennan, J., dissenting). It is clear that, tested by that constitutional standard, § 18.1-228, as it incorporates the definition of “obscene” in § 18.1-227, is constitutionally overbroad and therefore invalid on its face. For the reasons stated in my dissent in Miller v. California, supra, at 47, and because the judgment of the Supreme Court of Virginia was rendered after Miller, I would reverse. In that circumstance, I have no occasion to consider whether the other questions presented merit plenary review. See Heller v. New York, 413 U. S. 483, 494 (1973) (Brennan, J., dissenting).

      Although four of us would grant certiorari and reverse the judgment, the Justices who join this opinion do not insist that the case be decided on the merits.


author: Mr. Justice Douglas,

text:
    No. 73-1562.
    Jones v. United States et al.
   G. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas,

dissenting.

Petitioner, a lieutenant in the Air Force, was convicted by court-martial under Arts. 92 (failure to obey order or regulation), 10 U. S. C. § 892, and 134 (general article), 10 U. S. C. § 934, of the Uniform Code of Military Justice. His offense was “failure to do monitor duty.” Petitioner’s punishment was a fine of $1,500, to be paid in six monthly installments to be deducted from his paycheck. After exhausting his appeals, petitioner sought a writ of habeas corpus from the District Court, 28 U. S. C. § 2241, on the ground that Art. 92 is unconstitutionally vague. The writ was denied below on the sole ground that petitioner was not in “custody” as required by § 2241.

In my view, the District Court should have treated petitioner’s complaint as either one seeking a declaration that his punishment was not lawfully imposed, 28 U. S. C. § 2201, or one to compel expunction of his conviction, 28 U. S. C. § 1361, and reached the merits. Several Courts of Appeals have entertained actions to remove penalties imposed by military tribunals where the aggrieved plaintiffs were not confined, but presented constitutional challenges to the imposition of punishment. See Kauffman v. Secretary of the Air Force, 135 U. S. App. D. C. 1, 415 F. 2d 991 (1969) (suit protesting discharge and forfeiture of all' pay and allowances); Ashe v. McNamara, 355 F. 2d 277 (CA1 1965) (suit to compel correction of dishonorable discharge); Smith v. McNamara, 395 F. 2d 896 (CA10 1968) (dishonorable discharge) ; Mindes v. Seaman, 453 F. 2d 197 (CA5 1971) (protesting involuntary transfer to reserve status). See also Ragoni v. United States, 424 F. 2d 261 (CA3 1970) (bad-conduct discharge).

Petitioner’s lawsuit represents an effort to have his constitutional challenges to his conviction considered by an Art. Ill court. A determination of these claims by a federal court is an indispensable safeguard of the constitutional rights of an accused subject to military process. While the military tribunals have responded to some constitutional claims of criminal defendants — self-incrimination for example — they have been less sensitive to others. We noted in O’Callahan v. Parker, 395 U. S. 258, 265-266 (1969), that the military justice system has been ill-equipped to deal with claims of overbreadth and vagueness. The Uniform Code of Military Justice itself is fraught with opportunity for conflict between military authority and individual liberties. Articles 88 (contempt toward officials), 10 U. S. C. § 888, 133 (conduct unbecoming an officer and a gentleman), 10 U. S. C. § 933, and 134 (general article), 10 U. S. C. § 934, permit military authority to overbear protected individual expression. When this occurs, it is not surprising that military tribunals, reared in a setting where obedience and conformity are the watchwords, should tend to come down on the side of authority.

Servicemen may challenge their confinement by habeas corpus to insure that constitutional objections to their convictions received “fair consideration” before the military tribunals. Burns v. Wilson, 346 U. S. 137, 144 (1953). To withhold the same opportunity from servicemen subjected to nonconfinement penalties raises a substantial federal question of a denial of equal protection. The absence of confinement does not render the punishment trivial. Penalties not involving imprisonment — discharges, forfeitures, demotions — are frequently employed by military authorities, often with devastating effect upon the life and livelihood of the affected serviceman. Judge Edgerton, writing for the Court of Appeals in Kauffman v. Secretary of the Air Force, supra, stated the need for an alternative mechanism of review:

“To hold that collateral review is contingent on confinement in every case would arbitrarily condition the serviceman’s access to civilian review of constitutional errors upon a factor unrelated to the gravity of the offense, the punishment, and the violations of the serviceman’s rights.” 135 U. S. App. D. C., at 6, 415 F. 2d, at 996.

Moreover, refusal to entertain petitioner’s lawsuit gives rise to the substantial constitutional question posed by denial of access to the federal courts. Whether the Constitution permits Congress to forbid an Art. Ill court to review constitutional challenge to administrative penalties is a question the Court has not addressed explicitly. Instead the Court has construed statutory review provisions to permit a limited scrutiny to assure fair proceedings, Estep v. United States, 327 U. S. 114 (1946) ; Kessler v. Strecker, 307 U. S. 22 (1939), and, on occasion, de novo determination of facts bearing upon constitutional claims, see Ng Fung Ho v. White, 259 U. S. 276 (1922); St. Joseph Stock Yards Co. v. United States, 298 U. S. 38 (1936); Crowell v. Benson, 285 U. S. 22 (1932). See also 4 K. Davis, Administrative Law Treatise § 28.18 (1958). To hold that petitioner here is not entitled to a judicial determination of the constitutional objection is to impute to Congress a deliberate exclusion of review for a class of convictions, a course fraught with constitutional dangers which Congress has heretofore eschewed.

I would grant certiorari.

      The fine had not been fully paid when he filed the application for habeas corpus.

       In addition, the Court of Claims has reviewed alleged constitutional defects in a court-martial conviction in adjudicating claims for backpay, 28 U. S. C. § 1346; Augenblick v. United States, 180 Ct. Cl. 131, 377 F. 2d 586 (1967), rev’d on other grounds, 393 U. S. 348 (1969). In the two Courts of Appeals decisions to reject nonhabeas review, it did not appear that the complainant was under a continuing disability as a result of disciplinary action. In Davies v. Clifford,
        393 F. 2d 496 (CA1 1968), the court dismissed a suit to set aside a military conviction, but the dishonorable discharge it had produced had already been changed to an honorable one, and the plaintiff alleged no continuing penalty. In United States v. Carney, 406 F. 2d 1328 (CA2 1969), the court dismissed a similar suit without mentioning the penalty.

       A privilege against self-incrimination is codified in Art. 31 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice, 10 U. S. C. § 831. By interpretation it has been expanded to include the requirements of Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436 (1966), by the Court of Military Appeals. See United States v. Tempia, 16 U. S. C. M. A. 629, 37 C. M. R. 249 (1967).


text:
    No. 73-1639.
    Sulaiman et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied. Mr. Justice Douglas, being of the view that any state or federal ban on, or regulation of, obscenity is prohibited by the Constitution, Miller v. California, 413 U. S. 15, 42-47 (Douglas, J., dissenting) ; Paris Adult Theatre I v. Slaton, 413 U. S. 49, 70-73 (Douglas, J., dissenting), would grant certiorari in this case and summarily reverse the judgment.

Mr. Justice Brennan,

with whom Mr. Justice Stewart and Mr. Justice Marshall join,

dissenting.

Petitioners were convicted in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida of using the mails to distribute allegedly obscene materials in violation of 18 U. S. C. § 1461, which provides in pertinent part as follows:

“Every obscene, lewd, lascivious, indecent, filthy or vile article, matter, thing, device, or substance; and—
“Every written or printed card, letter, circular, book, pamphlet, advertisement, or notice of any kind giving information, directly or indirectly, where, or how, or from whom, or by what means any of such mentioned matters, articles, or things may be obtained or made . . .
“Is declared to be nonmailable matter and shall not be conveyed in the mails or delivered from any post office or by any letter carrier.
“Whoever knowingly uses the mails for the mailing ... of anything declared by this section ... to be nonmailable . . . shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both . . . .”

The Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit affirmed, 490 F. 2d 78 (1974).

I adhere to my dissent in United States v. Orito, 413 U. S. 139, 147 (1973), in which, speaking of 18 U. S. C. § 1462, which is similar in scope to § 1461,1 expressed the view that “[w]hatever the extent of the Federal Government’s power to bar the distribution of allegedly obscene material to juveniles or the offensive exposure of such material to unconsenting adults, the statute before us is clearly overbroad and unconstitutional on its face.” 413 U. S., at 147-148. For the reasons stated in my dissent in Miller v. California, 413 U. S. 15, 47 (1973), I would therefore grant certiorari, and, since the judgment of the Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit was rendered after Onto, reverse. In that circumstance, I have no occasion to consider whether the other questions presented merit plenary review. See Heller v. New York, 413 U. S. 483, 494 (1973) (Brennan, J., dissenting).

Finally, it does not appear from the petition and response that the obscenity of the disputed materials was adjudged by applying local community standards. Based on my dissent in Hamling v. United States, 418 U. S. 87, 141 (1974), I believe that, consistent with the Due Process Clause, petitioners must be given an opportunity to have their cases decided on, and to introduce evidence relevant to, the legal standard upon which their convictions have ultimately come to depend. Thus, even on its own terms, the Court should vacate the judgment below and remand for a determination whether petitioners should be afforded a new trial under local community standards.

       Although four of us would grant certiorari and reverse the judgment, the Justices who join this opinion do not insist that the case be decided on the merits.


text:
    No. 73-1682.
    Blank v. California.
   App. Dept., Super. Ct. Cal., County of Los Angeles. Certiorari denied. Mr. Justice Douglas, being of the view that any state or federal ban on, or regulation of, obscenity is prohibited by the Constitution, Miller v. California, 413 U. S. 15, 42-47 (Douglas, J., dissenting); Paris Adult Theatre I v. Slaton, 413 U. S. 49, 70-73 (Douglas, J., dissenting), would grant certiorari in this case and summarily reverse the judgment.

Mr. Justice Brennan,

with whom Mr. Justice Stewart and Mr. Justice Marshall join,

dissenting.

Petitioner was convicted in the Municipal Court of Los Angeles of exhibiting an allegedly obscene motion picture in violation of Cal. Penal Code § 311.2 (a) (1970), which provides in pertinent part as follows:

“Every person who knowingly... exhibits to others, any obscene matter is guilty of a misdemeanor.”

As used in § 311.2:

‘Obscene matter’ means matter, taken as a whole, the predominant appeal of which to the average person, applying contemporary standards, is to prurient interest, i. e., a shameful or morbid interest in nudity, sex, or excretion; and is matter which taken as a whole goes substantially beyond customary limits of candor in description or representation of such matters; and is matter which taken as a whole is utterly without redeeming social importance.” §311 (a).

On appeal to the Appellate Department of the Superior Court of California for the County of Los Angeles, the case was held to await this Court’s decisions in Kaplan v. California, 413 U. S. 115 (1973), and related cases. The Appellate Department then affirmed the conviction, and certification to the Court of Appeal was denied.

It is my view that “at least in the absence of distribution to juveniles or obtrusive exposure to unconsenting adults, the First and Fourteenth Amendments prohibit the State and Federal Governments from attempting wholly to suppress sexually oriented materials on the basis of their allegedly ‘obscene’ contents.” Paris Adult Theatre I v. Slaton, 413 U. S. 49, 113 (1973) (Brennan, J., dissenting). It is clear that, tested by that constitutional standard, § 311.2, as it incorporates the definition of “obscene matter” in § 311 (a), is constitutionally over-broad and therefore invalid on its face. For the reasons stated in my dissent in Miller v. California, 413 U. S. 15, 47 (1973), I would therefore grant certiorari and, since the judgment of the Appellate Department was rendered after Miller, reverse. In that circumstance, I have no occasion to consider whether the other questions presented merit plenary review. See Heller v. New York, 413 U. S. 483, 494 (1974) (Brennan, J., dissenting).

Further, it does not appear from the petition and response that the obscenity of the disputed materials was adjudged by applying local community standards. Based on my dissent in Hamling v. United States, 418 U. S. 87, 141 (1974), I believe that, consistent with the Due Process Clause, petitioner must be given an opportunity to have his case decided on, and to introduce evidence relevant to, the legal standard upon which his conviction has ultimately come to depend. Thus, even on its own terms, the Court should vacate the judgment below and remand for a determination whether petitioner should be afforded a new trial under local community standards.

      Although four of us would grant certiorari and reverse the judgment, the Justices who join this opinion do not insist that the case be decided on the merits.