author: Justice O’Connor

text:
    UNITED STATES v. CLARK et al.
    No. 80-1121.
    Argued November 3, 1981
    Decided January 12, 1982

      O’ConnoR, J., delivered the opinion for a unanimous Court.

      Alan I. Horowitz argued the cause for the United States. On the briefs were Solicitor General Lee, former Solicitor General McCree, Acting Assistant Attorney General Martin, Deputy Solicitor General Geller, Mark I. Levy, Mark H. Gallant, and Harvey J. Wilcox.

      John I. Heise, Jr., argued the cause for respondents. With him on the brief was Samuel Resnicoff

        Edward J. Hickey, Jr., and Thomas A. Woodley filed a brief for the Public Employee Department, AFL-CIO, as amicus curiae urging affirmance.

   Justice O’Connor

delivered the opinion of the Court.

The issue in this case is whether 5 U. S. C. § 5334(b), which requires a two-step pay increase for federal employees “promoted ... to a position in a higher grade,” applies to prevailing wage rate employees promoted to General Schedule positions. We hold that it does not apply, and reverse the judgment of the Court of Claims.

I

This case involves the relationship between the two principal pay systems for federal employees and the pay treatment to which an employee moving from one system to another is entitled. Both systems are governed by Title 5, United States Code.

One of the pay systems, the General Schedule (GS), 5 U. S. C. §5331 et seq. (1976 ed. and Supp. V), applies to federal “white-collar” employees. See R. Vaughn, Principles of Civil Service Law § 6.2(a), p. 6-4 (1976) (hereinafter Vaughn). The GS is divided into 18 numbered grades; as the number of the grade increases, so do pay and responsibilities. §§5104 and 5332 (1976 ed. and Supp. V). The grades are subdivided into rates of pay or “steps.” § 5332. The salary for each step of each grade in the GS is uniform nationwide.

The second principal pay system is the prevailing rate wage system (WS), 5 U. S. C. §5341 et seq. (1976 ed. and Supp. V), which primarily applies to those federal “blue-collar” employees specifically excluded from the GS. See §§ 5102(b), (c)(7), 5331, and 5342(a)(2)(A); Vaughn §6.2(b), p. 6-17. The WS also is divided into grades and subdivided into “steps.” The rate of pay for each step within each grade is based upon wage surveys of prevailing rates for comparable work in local wage areas. § 5343 (1976 ed. and Supp. V); Office of Personnel Management, Federal Personnel Manual, Supp. 532-1, 56 (Apr. 14, 1980) (hereinafter FPM). Pay rates for positions within the WS thus vary from one locale to another.

Salary treatment for GS employees who change their employment status and employees shifted or hired into the GS system is governed by 5 U. S. C. § 5334 (1976 ed. and Supp. V) and regulations promulgated pursuant thereto. Under the statute, an employee’s salary after promotion is determined by reference either to the “highest previous rate” rule or to the “two-step increase” rule.

Prior to July 1973, all six respondents worked as federal civilian employees for the Supervisor of Shipbuilding, Department of the Navy. In those positions, they were paid pursuant to the WS. Between July 1973 and October 1974, all were promoted to positions covered by the GS. After his promotion, Libretto learned that the other respondents received a salary increase equivalent to a two-step pay increase on their appointment to the GS positions. Since Libretto’s increase was based upon the “highest previous rate” rule and was much smaller, he filed a claim with the Department of the Navy. As a result, the Navy reexamined the salary treatment afforded respondents. Concluding the salaries of all should have been determined by applying the “highest previous rate” rule, the Navy denied Libretto’s claim and notified the other respondents their salaries would be reduced accordingly.

Respondents unsuccessfully pursued their administrative remedies and then filed this action in the Court of Claims under the Tucker Act, 28 U. S. C. § 1491, and the Back Pay Act of 1966, 5 U. S. C. § 5596. Respondents contended they were entitled to a two-step increase in pay pursuant to 5 U. S. C. § 5334(b) (1976 ed., Supp. V). The Government opposed the claims on the ground that § 5334(b) applies only to promotions within the GS and not to shifts or promotions between the WS and the GS, which are governed by § 5334(a).

The Court of Claims, reasoning that respondents had been “promoted” within the meaning of 5 CFR § 531.202(h)(2) (1969), determined they were entitled to a two-step increase under § 5334(b). Accordingly, the court invalidated, as inconsistent with the statute, 5 CFR § 531.204(a) (1969), which construed § 5334(b) as limited to transfers or promotions within the GS. 220 Ct. Cl. 278, 599 F. 2d 411 (1979).

After remand, the parties stipulated to the amount of respondents’ recovery, and the court entered final judgment on August 8, 1980. We granted the Government’s petition for writ of certiorari to the United States Court of Claims. 450 U. S. 993 (1981). We have jurisdiction based upon 28 U. S. C. § 1255.

II

We look first to the language and organization of the statutes governing General Schedule pay rates and the prevailing rate wage system. If the statutory language is clear, it is ordinarily conclusive. See Consumer Product Safety Comm’n v. GTE Sylvania, Inc., 447 U. S. 102 (1980).

Section 5334 is part of subchapter III, chapter 53 of Title 5, entitled “General Schedule Pay Rates.” Subsection 5334(a) describes the general conditions, including promotions, under which a GS employee is entitled to a change in basic pay. It directs simply that the rate is “governed by regulations prescribed by the [Civil Service Commission]. . . .” Following that direction, the Civil Service Commission promulgated the “highest previous rate” rule.

In subsection 5334(b), on the other hand, Congress restricted the Commission’s discretion in one limited situation:

“An employee who is promoted or transferred to a position in a higher grade is entitled to basic pay at the lowest rate of the higher grade which exceeds his existing rate of basic pay by not less than two step-increases of the grade from which he is promoted or transferred.”

For purposes of subchapter III, 5 U. S. C. §5331 assigns the word “grade” the meaning given the term by 5 U. S. C. § 5102(a)(5). That section, in turn, defines a grade as those positions sufficiently similar to warrant their inclusion within one range of rates of basic pay “in the General Schedule.” Giving § 5334(b) its plain meaning, then, when an employee is promoted to a position in a higher grade “in the General Schedule,” he is entitled to pay which exceeds by two step-increases his pay in the grade “in the General Schedule” from which he was promoted.

The Wage System, on the other hand, is governed by subchapter IV of chapter 53, Title 5. No express statutory provision in subchapter IV defines how an employee’s salary should be set when a WS employee is promoted to a GS position. Thus, the only applicable statutory provisions are those found in subchapter III and its accompanying regulations, which specifically limit the two-step increase to promotions within the GS. Nothing in the statutory language indicates Congress intended to include employees promoted from WS to GS within the two-step requirement of § 5334(b). Absent such language, the statute and the accompanying regulations reveal a congressional intent to apply the two-step increase provision of § 5334(b) only to promotions or transfers of employees already within the GS system.

III

Although the language of the statute is clear, any lingering doubt as to its proper construction may be resolved by examining the legislative history of the statute and by according due deference to the longstanding interpretation given the statute by the agencies charged with its interpretation. See NLRB v. Bell Aerospace Co., 416 U. S. 267 (1974). The legislative history of § 5334(b) reinforces the apparent intent of the statutory language. The predecessor to § 5334(b) was § 802(b) of the Classification Act of 1949, 63 Stat. 954, 5 U. S. C. § 1071 et seq. (1946 ed. and Supp. IV) (1949 Act). Through the 1949 Act, Congress completely revised the Classification Act of 1923, Pub. L. 516, 42 Stat. 1488, 5 U. S. C. § 661 et seq. (1925-1926 ed.). Under the latter statute, an employee who was at the top step of his grade could receive little or no salary increase upon promotion to a higher grade. That inequity resulted because the salary for the higher steps in one grade could equal or exceed the salary for the lower steps in the next higher grade. Congress’ 1949 revision plainly undertook to correct this problem: the 1949 Act numbered among its stated purposes the need “to permit the solution of certain troublesome problems or to avoid unintentional pay inequities in the conduct of various personnel transactions.” S. Rep. No. 847, 81st Cong., 1st Sess., 4 (1949). Congress, moreover, understood the precise nature of the salary overlap problem. The Committee Reports which accompanied the proposed revisions explained:

“At present, a promoted employee receives no immediate increase if he is already receiving a rate in the lower grade that also occurs in the higher grade. If he is receiving a rate in the lower grade that falls between two rates of the higher grade, he is promoted at the higher of these two rates.
“In too many cases, accordingly, an employee who is promoted to greater responsibilities or more difficult duties receives no immediate increase in pay. This is not in accord with the commonly accepted principle that a promotion in pay should [concurrently] accompany a promotion in duties and responsibilities.
“Subsection (b) of section 802 corrects this situation.” Id., at 38; H. R. Rep. No. 1264, 81st Cong., 1st Sess., 12-13 (1949).

Examination of the history of the prevailing wage system dispels any notion that Congress intended the corrective measure of § 802(b) to apply to movement between the prevailing wage and Classification Act systems. In 1949, each federal agency had its own pay system for blue-collar workers. As a result, employees holding the same federal position in the same locale often received different wages if they worked for different agencies. In addition, each agency had its own job grading system for prevailing wage employees, which resulted in widely varying numbers of grades and wage steps. Nothing in the legislative history suggests that Congress was even aware of — much less was attempting to adjust — the varied results that might occur if a prevailing wage worker moved into a Classification Act position. The 1949 legislative history suggests only that Congress was concerned with inequities that might occur through application of the Classification Act system to movement within that system.

Moreover, in 1972, approximately one year before respondents’ promotions, Congress undertook a comprehensive examination of the prevailing wage statutes and amended existing laws to declare congressional policy for the payment of prevailing wage employees. See S. Rep. No. 92-791, p. 1 (1972). Congress’ stated purpose was to codify existing law. Ibid. As part of the 1972 amendments, Congress for the first time directed that a grading system be established and maintained for prevailing wage employees. 5 U. S. C. § 5346 (1976 ed. and Supp. V). Even then, Congress made no effort to correlate the WS grades with those used in the GS. By that time, the agency practice of specifically limiting § 5334(b) and its predecessor to transfers between Classification Act, or GS, positions had been followed for nearly 25 years. Congress’ failure to correct that practice, if it did not correspond with congressional intent, at the very time Congress was revamping the laws applicable to pay for prevailing wage positions provides further evidence of its intent that § 802(b) and, later, § 5334(b) apply only to GS employees. See United States v. Bergh, 352 U. S. 40 (1956).

The absence of any indication that Congress intended § 5334(b) to apply to promotions into the GS from the WS is hardly surprising, since the two systems have no necessary or obvious relationship. First, because the WS involves an entirely separate pay structure based on prevailing rates in local wage areas, no necessary overlap occurs between WS and GS salaries. In fact, since WS rates vary by locale, an employee changing from a WS position to a GS position could receive a greater salary, a lesser salary, or the same salary as another employee making the identical change in another part of the country. Moreover, although by definition a change to a higher grade within the GS system involves a change to a position with greater responsibility (see 5 U. S. C. § 5102(a)(5) (1976 ed., Supp. V)), no similar relationship necessarily exists between a WS grade and a GS grade.

Although the legislative history does not expressly indicate that Congress intended to limit § 5334(b) and its predecessor to GS employees, the history provides ample indication that such was Congress’ intent. Moreover, the reasons for enactment of the provision are consistent with such a limitation.

► — I <1

Although not determinative, the construction of a statute by those charged with its administration is entitled to great deference, particularly when that interpretation has been followed consistently over a long period of time. See Piper v. Chris-Craft Industries, Inc., 430 U. S. 1 (1977). In this instance, the agency responsible for proposing and administering § 5334(b) has consistently construed it to apply only to promotions within the GS.

Section 802(b) of the 1949 Act was drafted and submitted to the Congress by the Civil Service Commission. Soon after its enactment, the Civil Service Commission promulgated regulations interpreting the section. The first regulations guaranteed a pay increase to one promoted “to a higher grade between Classification Act [GS] positions . . . .” 15 Fed. Reg. 7868 (1950), 5 CFR §25.104(a) (Supp. 1951). In contrast, an employee promoted or transferred from another pay system into the Classification Act system was subject to the “highest previous rate” rule. 15 Fed. Reg. 1235 (1950), 5 CFR § 25.103(b) (Supp. 1951). Subsequent versions of the regulations continued to apply the automatic salary increase of § 802(b) and, later, of § 5334(b), only to promotions or transfers within the Classification Act, or GS, system. In fact, the regulation in effect when respondents were promoted expressly provided that the two-step pay increase provision of § 5334(b) applied “only (i) to a transfer from one General Schedule position to a higher General Schedule position, and (ii) to a promotion from one General Schedule grade to a higher General Schedule grade.” 33 Fed. Reg. 12450 (1968), 5 CFR § 531.204(a)(1) (1969).

V

The language of the statute, the entire statutory scheme, the legislative history, and consistent administrative interpretation all demonstrate the soundness of the Government’s position that § 5334(b) is inapplicable to promotions from the Wage System to the General Schedule.

The judgment of the Court of Claims is reversed.

It is so ordered.

       The Federal Pay Comparability Act of 1970, 5 U. S. C. § 5301 et seq. (1976 ed. and Supp. V), defines the principles applied to determine GS salaries.

       The “highest previous rate” rule derives from 5 U. S. C. § 5334(a) (1976 ed., Supp. V), which provides in part:
      “The rate of basic pay to which an employee is entitled is governed by regulations prescribed by the Office of Personnel Management [formerly the Civil Service Commission] in conformity with this subchapter and chapter 51 of this title when—
      (1) he is transferred from a position in the legislative, judicial, or executive branch to which this subchapter does not apply;
      (6) his employment status is otherwise changed; or

        (7) his position is changed from one grade to another grade.”
      At the time of respondents’ promotions, 33 Fed. Reg. 12450 (1968), 5 CFR § 531.203(c) (1969), one of the regulations prescribed by authority of § 5334(a), provided in part:
      “Subject to §531.204 . . . , when an employee is reemployed, transferred, reassigned, promoted, or demoted, the agency may pay him at any rate of his grade which does not exceed his highest previous rate; however, if his highest previous rate falls between two rates of his grade, the agency may pay him at the higher rate.”

       The “two-step increase” rule is codified in 5 U. S. C. § 5334(b) (1976 ed., Supp. V), which provides in pertinent part:
      “An employee who is promoted or transferred to a position in a higher grade is entitled to basic pay at the lowest rate of the higher grade which exceeds his existing rate of basic pay by not less than two step-increases of the grade from which he is promoted or transferred.”
      At the time of respondents’ promotions, 33 Fed. Reg. 12450 (1968), 5 CFR § 531.204(a)(1) (1969), the regulation interpreting § 5334(b), provided:
      “The requirements of section 5334(b) of title 5, United States Code, apply only (i) to a transfer from one General Schedule position to a higher General Schedule position, and (ii) to a promotion from one General Schedule grade to a higher General Schedule grade.”

       Respondents’ changes of position were as follows: Clark, from WS ship surveyor (shipfitter) to GS quality assurance specialist; D’Aversa, from WS ship surveyor (pipefitter) to GS production controller; Libretto, from WS ship surveyor (machinist) to GS engineering technician; Proto, from WS ship surveyor (electrician) to GS production controller, and later to GS contract negotiator; Scialpi, from WS ship surveyor (shipfitter) to GS contract negotiator; and Wolfus, from WS ship surveyor (machinist) to GS contract negotiator.

       The parties agree that Libretto’s salary after promotion was determined by reference to the “highest previous rate” rule. Because his WS salary fell between two steps of his new GS grade, he was given the higher salary level of the new GS grade. The parties disagree as to the method used to determine the postpromotion salaries of the remaining respondents. Respondents allege they were simply given a two-step increase, pursuant to § 5334(b). The Government explains their GS salaries were originally determined by first applying the provision of subchapter S8-3d of the FPM, Supp. 532-1, Inst. 8 (Jan. 16, 1973), which stated that an employee promoted to a WS position is entitled to be paid at the lowest scheduled rate that exceeds his existing rate of pay by no less than a one-step increment of the category from which he was promoted. Once this adjustment had been made, the new GS salaries of these respondents were computed by applying the “highest previous rate” rule of 5 CFR § 531.203(c) (1969) to the adjusted rates of pay. Thus, each of these respondents was awarded two salary increases for a single change of position. If this method was utilized, the salary determinations were obviously erroneous because subchapter S8-3d and the “highest previous rate” rule of 5 CFR § 531.203(c) (1969) are not applicable to the same personnel action. Regardless of the method used, the effect was to give all respondents except Libretto the equivalent of a two-step increase.

       At the time of respondents’ promotions, 33 Fed. Reg. 12449 (1968), 5 CFR § 531.202(h) (1969), provided:
      “‘Promotion’ means a change of an employee, while continuously employed, from:
      (1) One General Schedule grade to a higher General Schedule grade; or
      (2) A lower rate paid under authority other than subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5, United States Code, to a higher rate within a General Schedule grade.”

       See 5 CFR § 531.203(c) (1969). The Civil Service Commission promulgated the initial regulation. In 1978, Congress substituted the Office of Personnel Management for the Civil Service Commission. 5 U. S. C. § 1101 et seq. (1976 ed., Supp. V). The terms of the regulation have remained consistent since 1950. See n. 15, infra.

       In 1962, the Act was amended to provide a two-step rather than a one-step salary increase. 5 U. S. C. § 1132(b) (1958 ed., Supp. V).

       See Staff Report, President’s Panel on Federal Compensation 107 (Jan. 1976).

       In 1965, President Johnson directed all executive agencies to coordinate their wage policies and practices under the leadership of the Chairman of the Civil Service Commission. See FPM, Supp. 532-1, App. A-AL, B-B-l (Nov. 16, 1965). As a result, the Coordinated Federal Wage System was developed. In 1972, Congress amended the prevailing wage statutes. The purpose of the 1972 amendments was to codify existing law and enact a system for all agencies to use for determining the prevailing wage rates. S. Rep. No. 92-791, p. 1 (1972). As part of the 1972 amendments, Congress added 5 U. S. C. § 5346, which directed the Civil Service Commission to establish and maintain a job grading system for positions covered by subchapter IV. That was the first time Congress directed the maintenance of a uniform system for WS employees.

       See Part IV, infra.

       The two systems are simply independent. Unlike the 10 steps or rates of pay in most GS grades (see 5 U. S. C. § 5332 (1976 ed. and Supp. V)), the WS currently uses only 5 rates for each position (see 5 U. S. C. § 5343(c)(2) (1976 ed. and Supp. V)) and before 1972 used only 3 rates. See H. R. Rep. No. 92-339, p. 6 (1971); S. Rep. No. 92-791, p. 2 (1972). In addition, the range of pay in a GS grade is approximately 30 percent of the base rate, but the range in the WS is only approximately 16 percent. See 5 U. S. C. §§5332 (chart), 5343(e)(l)(A)-(E) (1976 ed. and Supp. V). Moreover, the periodic step increases in the WS occur considerably more quickly than in the GS. Compare 5 U. S. C. §§ 5335(a)(1) — (3) with 5 U. S. C. §§ 5343(e)(2)(A)-(C) (1976 ed. and Supp. V). As a result, the maximum rate of pay for a position is more often reached, and in a far shorter time, by a WS employee than by a GS employee.

       See S. Rep. No. 847, 81st Cong., 1st Sess., 1 (1949).

       Congress specifically excluded prevailing rate positions from the Classification Act of 1949. 5 U. S. C. §1082(7) (1946 ed., Supp. IV). Those positions remain specifically excluded from the General Schedule. 5 U. S. C. §§ 5102(c)(7), 5331 (1976 ed. and Supp. V).

       See, e. g., 15 Fed. Reg. 7868 (1950), 5 CFR §25.104(a) (Supp. 1951) (refers to “[a]n employee promoted, repromoted or transferred to a higher grade between Classification Act positions or grades”); 25 Fed. Reg. 7147 (1960), 5 CFR §25.104(a) (1961) (“[t]he requirements of section 802(b) of the [Classification] Act apply in repromotion actions and in transfers involving promotions between Classification Act grades”); 28 Fed. Reg. 10948 (1963), 5 CFR § 531.204(a)(1) (1964) (“[t]he requirements of section 802(b) of the [A]ct, apply in a transfer involving a promotion between Classification Act grades”); 33 Fed. Reg. 12450 (1968), 5 CFR § 531.204(a) (1969) (“[t]he requirements of section 5334(b) of title 5, United States Code, apply only (i) to a transfer from one General Schedule position to a higher General Schedule position, and (ii) to a promotion from one General Schedule grade to a higher General Schedule grade”).

       The General Accounting Office, authorized to settle and adjust “[a]U claims and demands whatever . . . against [the Government],” 31 U. S. C. §§71, 72, has consistently determined that the “highest previous rate” rule, rather than the automatic step-increase provision, governs transfers or promotions from a WS position to a GS position. See, e. g., In re Nail, 59 Comp. Gen. 209 (1980); Letter Decision, 52 Comp. Gen. 695 (1973); Letter Decision, 52 Comp. Gen. 671 (1973); Letter Decision, 44 Comp. Gen. 518 (1965).


source: Caselaw Access Project

license: Public Domain

text:
    October 5, 1981
    No. 80-1841.
    Agsalud, Director of Labor and Industrial Relations of Hawaii, et al. v. Standard Oil Company of California.
   Affirmed on appeal from C. A. 9th Cir.


text:
    No. 80-1795.
    In re 18.86 Acres of Real Property.
   Appeal from Super. Ct. N. J., App. Div., dismissed for want of jurisdiction. Treating the papers whereon the appeal was taken as a petition for writ of certiorari, certiorari denied.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 80-1867.
    Williams v. Ohio.
   Appeal from Ct. App. Ohio, Paulding County, dismissed for want of jurisdiction. Treating the papers whereon the appeal was taken as a petition for writ of certiorari, certiorari denied.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 80-2181.
    Vickroy v. United States Department of the Navy, Long Beach Naval Shipyard.
   Appeal from C. A. 9th Cir. dismissed for want of jurisdiction. Treating the papers whereon the appeal was taken as a petition for writ of certiorari, certiorari denied.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 80-6668.
    Prenzler v. Kleinman et al.
   Appeal from C. A. 9th Cir. dismissed for want of jurisdiction. Treating the papers whereon the appeal was taken as a peti-

tion for writ of certiorari, certiorari denied.

JUSTICE O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 80-6696.
    Linden v. Fox et al.
   Appeal from App. Div., Sup. Ct. N. Y., 1st Jud. Dept., dismissed for want of jurisdiction. Treating the papers whereon the appeal was taken as a petition for writ of certiorari, certiorari denied.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 80-6834.
    Prenzler v. Pike et al.
   Appeal from C. A. 9th Cir. dismissed for want of jurisdiction. Treating the papers whereon the appeal was taken as a petition for writ of certiorari, certiorari denied.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 81-13.
    Menegus v. E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co.
   Appeal from Sup. Ct. N. J. dismissed for want of jurisdiction. Treating the papers whereon the appeal was taken as a petition for writ of certiorari, certiorari denied.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 81-29.
    Kirsner v. Maryland; and Earl Realty, Inc. v. Maryland.
   Appeals from Crim. Ct. Baltimore City, Md., dismissed for want of jurisdiction. Treating the papers whereon the appeals were taken as petitions for writs of certiorari, certiorari denied.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of these cases.


text:
    No. 81-5143.
    Linden v. Dial Press et al.
   Appeal from C. A. 2d Cir. dismissed for want of jurisdiction. Treating the papers whereon the appeal was taken as a petition for writ of certiorari, certiorari denied.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 81-158.
    Papadopoulos v. Oregon State Board of Higher Education.
   Appeal from Ct. App. Ore. dismissed

for want of jurisdiction. Treating the papers whereon the appeal was taken as a petition for writ of certiorari, certiorari denied.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 80-1837.
    Faith Baptist Church of Louisville, Nebraska, et al. v. Nebraska ex rel. Douglas, Attorney General of Nebraska, et al.
   Appeal from Sup. Ct. Neb. dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 80-1955.
    Carter County Fiscal Court et al. v. Carter County Public Library District et al.
   Appeal from Sup. Ct. Ky. dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 80-1956.
    Whidden v. New York.
   Appeal from Ct. App. N. Y. dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 80-2045.
    Billman v. Columbus Bar Assn.
   Appeal from Sup. Ct. Ohio dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 80-2047.
    Kulick et al. v. Department of Revenue of Oregon.
   Appeal from Sup. Ct. Ore. dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 80-2051.
    Fidelity Union Trust Co., Trustee, et al. v. New Jersey Highway Authority et al.
   Appeal from Sup. Ct. N. J. dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 80-2131.
    Southern Pacific Transportation Co. v. Public Utilities Commission of California et al.
   Appeal from Sup. Ct. Cal. dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 80-2139.
    Wise v. Georgia State Board for the Examination, Qualification and Registration of Architects et al.
   Appeal from Sup. Ct. Ga. dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 80-2164.
    Schlenz et al. v. Castle et al.
   Appeal from Sup. Ct. Ill. dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 80-2202.
    Bally Manufacturing Corp. v. New Jersey Casino Control Commission.
   Appeal from Sup. Ct. N. J. dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 80-2207.
    Smith, Trustee v. Commissioner of Revenue of Massachusetts.
   Appeal from Sup. Jud. Ct.

Mass, dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 80-6662.
    Newton et al. v. Arkansas.
   Appeal from Sup. Ct. Ark. dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 80-6878.
    Vandenberg v. Oregon et al.
   Appeal from Ct. App. Ore. dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 80-6948.
    Reed v. Texas.
   Appeal from Ct. Crim. App. Tex. dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 81-10.
    Stallard v. Stallard.
   Appeal from Sup. Ct. Va. dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 81-50.
    Camardo et al. v. City of Rochester, New York, et al.
   Appeal from App. Div., Sup. Ct. N. Y., 4th Jud. Dept., dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 81-84.
    Bundo et al. v. Michigan Liquor Control Commission.
   Appeal from Ct. App. Mich, dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 81-131.
    Quinn-Moore et al. v. Lambert, Bank Commissioner of Arkansas, et al.
   Appeal from Sup. Ct. Ark. dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 81-166.
    Rasky v. Department of Registration and Education of Illinois et al.
   Appeal from App. Ct.

Ill., 1st Dist., dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 81-5101.
    Barnett v. Texas.
   Appeal from Ct. Crim. App. Tex. dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.


text:
    No. 80-1960.
    Willson v. State Personnel Board, Department of General Services of California.
   Appeal from Ct. App. Cal., 3d App. Dist., dismissed for want of substantial federal question.


text:
    No. 80-6743.
    Ivory et al. v. Wainwright, Corrections Secretary, et al.
   Appeal from Sup. Ct. Fla. dismissed for want of substantial federal question.


text:
    No. 80-1977.
    Mason v. Abrams, Attorney General of New York.
   Appeal from Ct. App. N. Y. dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice Brennan and Justice Stevens would note probable jurisdiction and set case for oral argument.


text:
    No. 80-1992.
    Barth v. Finley, Clerk, Circuit Court of Cook County.
   Appeal from Sup. Ct. Ill. dismissed for want of substantial federal question.

Justice Brennan and Justice Stevens would note probable jurisdiction and set case for oral argument.


text:
    No. 80-6655.
    Waters v. Henderson et al.
   Appeal from Ct. App. Tenn. Motion of Frank S. Bloch et al. for leave to file a brief as amici curiae denied. Appeal dismissed for want of jurisdiction. Treating the papers whereon the appeal was taken as a petition for writ of certio-rari, certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1872.
    Allen v. Ellisor, Chairman, South Carolina Election Commission.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certio-rari granted, judgment vacated, and case remanded with directions to consider whether the case has become moot by-reason of the enactment of Act R 655, effective March 20, 1981, whereby § 7-5-120(5)(b) of the South Carolina Code of Laws (1976) was amended. See Crowell v. Mader, 444 U. S. 505 (1980).


text:
    No. 80-2159.
    Lehman v. Weiss.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Cer-tiorari granted, judgment vacated, and case remanded for further consideration in light of Parratt v. Taylor, 451 U. S. 527 (1981).


text:
    No. 80-2172.
    Seekonk Water District v. Heritage Homes of Attleboro, Inc.
   C. A. 1st Cir. Certiorari granted, judgment vacated, and case remanded for further consideration in light of Newport v. Fact Concerts, Inc., 453 U. S. 247 (1981).


text:
    No. 81-211.
    Michigan v. Hurd.
   Ct. App. Mich. Motion of respondent for leave to proceed informa pauperis and certiorari granted. Judgment vacated and case remanded to the Court of Appeals to consider whether its judgment is based upon federal or state constitutional grounds, or both. See California v. Krivda, 409 U. S. 33 (1972).


text:
    No. 81-82.
    Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Miranda.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari granted, judgment vacated, and case remanded for further consideration in light of Schweiker v. Hansen, 450 U. S. 785 (1981).


text:
    No.-.
    Godich v. Union Railroad Co.
   Motion of petitioner to direct the Clerk to accept the petition for writ of certiorari for filing denied.


text:
    No.-.
    New Jersey State Board of Higher Education et al. v. New Jersey Philadelphia Presbytery of the Bible Presbyterian Church et al.
   Motion of petitioners to direct the Clerk to accept the petition for writ of certiorari for filing denied.


text:
    No. A-196.
    O’Bannon et al. v. Halderman et al.
   Application for stay of the order of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, entered August 25, 1981, addressed to Justice Rehnquist and referred to the Court, denied.


text:
    No. A-198.
    Orr, Governor of Indiana, et al. v. United States et al.
   D. C. S. D. Ind. Application for stay, addressed to Justice Rehnquist and referred to the Court, denied.


text:
    No. A-227. No. A-228.
    Pennhurst State School and Hospital et al. v. Halderman et al.; and Pennhurst Parents Staff Assn. v. Halderman et al.
   Applications for stay of the orders of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, entered April 24, 1980, May 28, 1980, July 14, 1980, and March 2, 1981, addressed to Justice Rehnquist and referred to the Court-, denied.


text:
    No. 77,
    Orig.
    Tennessee v. Arkansas.
   Report and Recommendations of the Special Master adopted. The Special Master is invited to prepare and submit a proposed decree. [For earlier order herein, see, e. g., 451 U. S. 968.]


text:
    No. 83,
    Orig.
    Maryland et al. v. Louisiana.
   Accounting of Louisiana received and ordered filed. Justice Powell took no part in the consideration or decision of this order. [For earlier order herein, see, e. g., 452 U. S. 935.]


text:
    No. 89,
    Orig.
    California ex rel. State Lands Commission v. United States.
   Motion for leave to file bill of complaint granted, and defendant shall have 60 days to answer.


text:
    No. 78-1789.
    No. 79-1896.
    Arkansas Louisiana Gas Co. v. Hall et al., Arkansas Louisiana Gas Co. v. Hall et al.,
   453 U. S. 571; and

453 U. S. 917. Motion of respondents for clarification denied.


text:
    No. 79-1738.
    No. 80-945.
    Nixon v. Fitzgerald; and Harlow et al. v. Fitzgerald.
   C. A. D. C. Cir.

[Certiorari granted, 452 U. S. 959.] Motion of

Morton Halperin et al. for leave to intervene and for other relief in No. 79-1738 denied. Motion of Judith Clark et al. for leave to intervene and for other relief denied.


text:
    No. 80-1594.
    United States v. Erika, Inc.
   Ct. Cl. [Certiorari granted, 451 U. S. 982.] Motion of the Solicitor General to dispense with printing the joint appendix granted.


text:
    No. 80-1595.
    United States v. Frady.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. [Certiorari granted, 453 U. S. 911.] Motion for appointment of counsel granted, and it is ordered that Daniel M. Schember, Esquire, of Washington, D. C., be appointed to serve as counsel for respondent in this case.

The Chief Justice and Justice Marshall took no part in the consideration or decision of this motion.


text:
    No. 80-1909.
    No. 80-1945.
    No. 80-2036.
    No. 80-2056.
    No. 80-2092.
    No. 80-2162.
    No. 80-2211.
    No. 81-219.
    Heppenstall Co. v. Murphy et al. Armed Forces Cooperative Insuring Assn. v. Department of Insurance of Wyoming. Joseph v. Cannon et al. F/V American Eagle v. Alaska. SCM Corp. v. Xerox Corp. Ramah Navajo School Board, Inc., et al. v. Bureau of Revenue of New Mexico. Smith Barney, Harris, Upham & Co., Inc. v. Henricksen. First West Virginia Bancorp., Inc., et al. v. Security National Bank & Trust Co. et al.
   C. A. 3d Cir.;

Sup. Ct. Wyo.;

C. A. D. C. Cir.;

Sup. Ct. Alaska;

C. A. 2d Cir.;

Ct. App. N. M.;

C. A. 7th Cir.; and

Sup. Ct. App. W. Va. The Solicitor General is invited to file briefs in these cases expressing the views of the United States.


text:
    No. 80-2049.
    Ralston, Warden v. Robinson.
   C. A.

7th Cir. [Certiorari granted, 452 U. S. 960.] Motion of the Solicitor General to permit David A. Strauss, Esquire, to present oral argument pro hac vice granted.


text:
    No. 81-152.
    Weit et al. v. Continental Illinois National Bank & Trust Company of Chicago et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. The Solicitor General is invited to file a brief in this case expressing the views of the United States.

Justice White and Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this order.


text:
    No. 80-6905.
    In re Parez.
   Petition for writ of prohibition denied.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of this petition.


text:
    No. 80-6826.
    No. 81-5001.
    No. 81-5023.
    No. 81-5151.
    No. 81-5217.
    No. 81-5290.
    No. 81-5322.
    No. 81-5323.
    In re McKnight; In re Ross; In re Boyd; In re Green; In re Smith; In re Green; In re Perry; and In re Conrad.
   Petitions for writs of ha-beas corpus denied.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of these petitions.


text:
    No. 80-2107.
    No. 80-6641.
    No. 80-6720.
    No. 80-6783.
    No. 80-6850.
    No. 81-45.
    No. 81-5073.
    No. 81-5095.
    No. 81-5099.
    No. 81-5139.
    No. 81-5147.
    No. 81-5148.
    No. 81-5291.
    No. 81-5292.
    In re General Atomic Co.; In re Welch; In re Ross; In re Magee; In re Simon; In re Cannon; In re Poe; In re Sims; In re Dove; In re Widemon; In re Green; In re Green; In re Green; and In re Green.
   Petitions for writs of mandamus denied.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of these petitions.


text:
    No. 80-6700.
    No. 81-5135.
    In re Wiggins; and In re Faraci.
   Petitions for writs of mandamus and/or prohibition denied.

Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of these petitions.


text:
    No. 80-2100.
    Rogers et al. v. Lodge et al.
   Appeal

from C. A. 5th Cir. Probable jurisdiction noted.


text:
    No. 80-1745.
    F. W. Woolworth Co. v. Taxation and Revenue Department of New Mexico.
   Appeal from Sup. Ct. N. M. Probable jurisdiction noted and case set for oral argument in tandem with No. 80-2015, ASARCO Inc. v. Idaho State Tax Commission, immediately infra.


text:
    No. 80-2015.
    ASARCO Inc. (formerly American Smelting & Refining Co.) v. Idaho State Tax Commission.
   Appeal from Sup. Ct. Idaho. Probable jurisdiction noted and case set for oral argument in tandem with No. 80-1745, F. W. Woolworth Co. v. Taxation and Revenue Department of New Mexico, immediately supra.


text:
    No. 80-2165.
    Murphy, District Judge, Fourth Judicial District of Nebraska, Douglas County v. Hunt.
   Appeal from C. A. 8th Cir. Probable jurisdiction noted. Justice Blackmun would postpone further consideration of question of jurisdiction to a hearing of the case on the merits.


text:
    No. 80-1832.
    No. 80-2170.
    No. 80-2171.
    Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Chadha et al. United States House of Representatives v. Immigration and Naturalization Service et al. United States Senate v. Immigration and Naturalization Service et al.
   Appeal from C. A. 9th Cir.;

C. A. 9th Cir.; and

C. A. 9th Cir. Further consideration of question of jurisdiction postponed to hearing of case on the merits in No. 80-1832. Certiorari in Nos. 80-2170 and 80-2171 granted. Cases consolidated and a total of one hour allotted for oral argument. Reported below: 634 F. 2d 408.


text:
    No. 80-1437.
    Army and Air Force Exchange Service v. Sheehan.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari granted.


text:
    No. 80-1874.
    Patsy v. Board of Regents of the State of Florida.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari granted.


text:
    No. 80-1924.
    Weinberger, Secretary of Defense, et al. v. Rossi et al.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari granted.


text:
    No. 80-1990.
    Weinberger, Secretary of Defense, et al. v. Romero-Barcelo et al.
   C. A. 1st Cir. Certio-rari granted.


text:
    No. 80-2134.
    Foremost Insurance Co. et al. v. Richardson et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari granted.


text:
    No. 80-2147.
    Connecticut et al. v. Teal et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari granted.


text:
    No. 80-2150.
    Finnegan et al. v. Leu et al.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari granted.


text:
    No. 80-2177.
    Lehman on behalf of her children, Lehman et al. v. Lycoming County Children’s Services Agency.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari granted.


text:
    No. 80-2204.
    Diedrich et al. v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari granted.


text:
    No. 81-61.
    United Mine Workers of America Health & Retirement Funds et al. v. Robinson et al.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari granted.


text:
    No. 80-1608.
    United States v. Johnson.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Motion of respondent for leave to proceed in forma pauperis and certiorari granted.


text:
    No. 81-89.
    Zant, Warden v. Stephens.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Motion of respondent for leave to proceed in forma pauperis and certiorari granted.


text:
    No. 80-1663.
    International Longshoremen’s Assn., AFL-CIO, et al. v. Allied International, Inc.
   C. A. 1st Cir. Certiorari granted and case set for oral argument in tandem with No. 80-1045, Jacksonville Bulk Terminals, Inc. v. International Longshoremen’s Assn. [certiorari granted, 450 U. S. 1029].


text:
    No. 80-1798.
    No. 80-1808.
    No. 81-91.
    Woelke & Romero Framing, Inc. v. National Labor Relations Board et al.; Pacific Northwest Chapter of the Associated Builders & Contractors, Inc. v. National Labor Relations Board et al.; and Oregon-Columbia Chapter, Associated General Contractors of America, Inc. v. National Labor Relations Board et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Motion of Air Conditioning & Refrigeration Institute et al. for leave to file a brief as amici curiae in Nos. 80-1798 and 80-1808 granted. Motion of Associated General Contractors of America, Inc., for leave to file a brief as amicus curiae in No. 80-1808 granted. Certiorari granted, cases consolidated, and a total of one hour allotted for oral argument. Reported below: 654 F. 2d 1301.


text:
    No. 80-1952.
    Blum, Commissioner of the New York State Department of Social Services, et al. v. Yaretsky et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Motion of respondents Foley et al. for leave to proceed informa pauperis granted. Certiorari granted limited to Questions 1 and 2 presented by the petition.


text:
    No. 80-2178.
    Toll, President, University of Maryland, et al. v. Moreno et al.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Motion of American Council on Education et al. for leave to file a brief as amici curiae granted. Certiorari granted.


text:
    No. 80-6680.
    McElroy v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Motion of petitioner for leave to proceed informa pau-peris granted. Certiorari granted limited to Question I presented by the petition.


text:
    No. 80-6835.
    Street v. National Broadcasting Co.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Motion of petitioner for leave to proceed in forma pauperis and certiorari granted. Justice Marshall took no part in the consideration or decision of this motion and petition.


text:
    No. 80-1655.
    Waring v. Kalgrad Navigation Co., Inc.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1759.
    Yellow Freight System, Inc., et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1763.
    Salcines, State Attorney for Hillsborough County, Florida v. Briggs et al.
   Dist. Ct. App. Fla., 2d Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1777.
    David Orgell, Inc. v. Josiah Wedgwood & Sons, Inc., et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1810.
    Valmas Brothers Shipping, S. A., et al. v. Fisher et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1844.
    Lux v. Angel.
   Ct. App. N. M. Certio-rari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1848.
    Logan et al. v. Watt, Secretary of the Interior, et al.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1895.
    Exxon Corp. v. Federal Trade Commission.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1919.
    Intercontinental Transportation Services, Ltd. v. McNeill.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2022.
    Merckle v. Harper.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2030.
    Rederiaktiebolaget Gustaf Erikson et al. v. Mallard et ux.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2033.
    Romero-Barcelo et al. v. Weinberger, Secretary of Defense, et al.
   C. A. 1st Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2048.
    Matson Plastering Co., Inc. v. Operative Plasterers & Cement Masons International Assn., AFL-CIO, Plasterers Local Union No. 295; and Matson Plastering Co., Inc. v. Lathers Local Union L-109 et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2110.
    Pinto v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2064.
    Reynolds et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2196.
    Mowad v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6642.
    Doe v. United States.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6677.
    Jones v. Georgia.
   Sup. Ct. Ga. Certio-rari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6727.
    No. 81-5171.
    Tisdale v. United States; and Tisdale v. United States.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 647 F. 2d 91.


text:
    No. 80-6755.
    Moore v. Knight.
   Sup. Ct. Miss. Cer-

tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6767.
    Malik, aka Johnson v. United States.
   Ct. App. D. C. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6769.
    Hooper v. Perini.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6880.
    Laws v. Illinois.
   Sup. Ct. Ill. Certio-rari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6890.
    Yaretsky et al. v. Blum, Commissioner of the New York State Department of Social Services, et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6914.
    Barger v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6947.
    Pierce v. Cardwell, Prison Superintendent.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 81-20.
    Guidry v. Continental Oil Co. et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 81-49.
    Eastern Air Lines, Inc. v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 81-144.
    Nassau County Civil Service Commission et al. v. Knight.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 81-153.
    United Steelworkers of America, AFL-CIO-CLC v. Dow Chemical Co. et al.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 81-234.
    Kahlon v. New Jersey.
   Super. Ct. N. J., App. Div. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 81-5028.
    Whitby v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 81-5081.
    Lewingdon v. Ohio.
   Sup. Ct. Ohio. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 81-5150.
    Green v. Warden, Federal Correctional Institution, Talledaga, Alabama, et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1523.

    Fairdale Farms, Inc. v. Yankee Milk, Inc., et al.

       Justice O’Connor took no part in the consideration or decision of the petitions in Nos. 80-1523 through 81-5302, infra, pp. 818-877.

   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1573.
    Gluesenkamp v. Florida.
   Sup. Ct. Fla. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1591.
    Mansukhani v. Pailing et al.
   Sup. Ct. N. D. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1622.
    Grote v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1644.
    Florida v. Brown.
   Dist. Ct. App. Fla., 1st Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1672.
    Morrow v. Arkansas.
   Sup. Ct. Ark. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1676.
    One 1976 Ford Truck Van v. Pennsylvania.
   Sup. Ct. Pa. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1692.
    Decca Ltd. v. United States.
   Ct. Cl. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1704.
    St. Louis Comprehensive Neighborhood Health Center, Inc. v. National Labor Relations Board.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1705.
    McBroom Rig Building Services, Inc. v. Diamond M Drilling Co. et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1719.
    Mazzullo et al. v. United States.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1724.
    Palumbo v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1731.
    Tarpey v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1744.
    Crist v. Crist.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1758.
    Harpring v. Continental Oil Co. (CONOCO).
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1762.
    Manale v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1778.
    Transco Security Inc. of Ohio et al. v. Freeman, Administrator, General Services Administration.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1792.
    Hodges v. Weinberger, Secretary of Defense, et al.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1794.
    Harris v. United States.
   Ct. Cl. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1799.
    Bartlett v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1800.
    No. 80-1972.
    No. 80-2098.
    Fiumara et al. v. United States; Clemente v. United States; and Colucci v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1811.
    Benson et al. v. Hightower et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1817.
    Bretz v. Louisiana.
   Sup. Ct. La. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1822.
    No. 80-2010.
    No. 80-2020.
    Thornberry v. United States; Noel et al. v. United States; and Seiter v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1823.
    American Federation of Government Employees, AFL-CIO, et al. v. Director, Office of Personnel Management, et al.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1824.
    Latrobe Steel Co. v. National Labor Relations Board et al.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1827.
    Russ et ux. v. Texas et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1828.
    Skidmore v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1834.
    Duarte v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1835.
    Cross et al. v. Dade County School Board, Miami, Florida, et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1842.
    Bifield v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1843.
    Young et al. v. Bogrette et al.
   Ct. App. Mich. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1849.
    Arsenault v. Allegheny Airlines, Inc.
   C. A. 1st Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1850.
    Colonial Bank of New Orleans v. Vickers.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1855.
    Diversified Resources Corp. v. Buxton et al.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1858.
    Village of Penn Yan, New York, et al. v. New York State Electric & Gas Corp. et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1860.
    Bean v. Illinois.
   Sup. Ct. Ill. Certio-rari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1863.
    Peabody Coal Co. v. Watt, Secretary of the Interior.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1866.
    LeMaster v. McGonigle.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1868.
    Blanchet v. New York.
   Rensselaer County Court, N. Y. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1870.
    New York Typographical Union No. 6 v. Triangle Publications, Inc.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certio-rari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1871.
    Holly v. Chasen, Commissioner of Customs, et al.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1877.
    Cassesse v. New York.
   App. Div., Sup. Ct. N. Y., 2d Jud. Dept. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1879.
    Freeman v. Ohio.
   Sup. Ct. Ohio. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1880.
    ABCO Bus Co., Inc. v. Macchiarola, Chancellor, Board of Education of the City of New York, et al.
   Ct. App. N. Y. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1883.
    Gargano v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1885.
    McDonald v. New Jersey.
   Super. Ct. N. J., App. Div. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1886.
    Ollivier et al. v. Glitz et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1887.
    Thompson v. Stetson, Secretary of the Air Force, et al.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1889.
    No. 80-1932.
    No. 80-1954.
    Pianka v. Georgia; Davis v. Georgia; and Williams v. Georgia.
   Ct. App. Ga. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 157 Ga. App. 476, 277 S. E. 2d 923.


text:
    No. 80-1890.
    Knoetze v. United States et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1891.
    United Mine Workers of America et al. v. Kerry Coal Co.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1896.
    LaVelle v. Workers’ Compensation Appeals Board of California et al.
   Ct. App. Cal., 1st App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1897.
    Kadans v. O’Brien.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1899.
    Railway Labor Executives’ Assn. v. Gibbons, Trustee, et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1900.
    Denard v. Michigan National Bank.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1901.
    Zuccaro v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1902.
    Schleiffer, a minor, by next of friend, Ker v. Meyers, Judge.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certio-rari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1904.
    Lily Dale Assembly v. Josephson.
   Ct. App. N. Y. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1905.
    Escariz v. Barahal et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1907.
    O’Hair et al. v. Cooke et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1912.
    Toubus v. Superior Court of California, County of Marin (California, Real Party in Interest).
   Ct. App. Cal., 1st App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1913.
    Monongahela Power Co. v. Interstate Commerce Commission et al.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1914.
    Zeleznik, Administrator v. Massachusetts et al.
   Ct. App. Mass. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1917.
    Pennsylvania Gas & Water Co. v. Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission.
   Sup. Ct. Pa. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1918.
    Pennsylvania Gas & Water Co. v. Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission.
   Sup. Ct. Pa. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1920.
    Tamargo v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1922.
    Grier v. Weinberger, Secretary of Defense, et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1926.
    Boleman v. Congdon & Carpenter Co.
   C. A. 1st Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1927.
    Cunningham v. National Railroad Passenger Corporation, dba Amtrak.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1929.
    Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Co. et al. v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1930.
    Granrud v. North Dakota.
   Sup. Ct. N. D. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1933.
    LaPorte Transit Co., Inc. v. Local Union No. 301, Chauffeurs, Teamsters & Helpers, et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1935.
    Gilbert, Trustee in Bankruptcy, et al. v. First National Bank of Jackson, Mississippi.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1943.
    Kirtz et al. v. Wiggin et al.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1944.
    Luddy v. Pennsylvania.
   Super. Ct. Pa. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1948.
    Wrigley v. Wrigley.
   Ct. App. Wis. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1949.
    B. F. et al. v. Colorado in the Interest of T. A. F.
   Ct. App. Colo. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1950.
    Marino v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1959.
    Norden Restaurant Corp. v. Sons of the Revolution in the State of New York, Inc.
   Ct. App. N. Y. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1951.
    Moore v. Career Service Board of the City and County of Denver et al.
   Ct. App. Colo. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1963.
    Bell v. Hinkle.
   Ct. Civ. App. Tex., 14th Sup. Jud. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1964.
    Holiday Mobile Home Resorts, Inc., et al. v. Wood et al.
   Ct. App. Ariz. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1966.
    Gold et ux. v. National Savings Bank of the City of Albany.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1967.
    Jaggars-Chiles-Stovall, Inc. v. National Labor Relations Board.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certio-rari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1971.
    No. 80-2001.
    Starnes v. United States; and Roland v. United States.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 644 F. 2d 673.


text:
    No. 80-1973.
    Hopson, Judge, et al. v. Commissioners of the Sinking Fund of the City of Louisville.
   Sup. Ct. Ky. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1974.
    Whitty v. Israel, Warden, et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1976.
    Dreiske v. Thermasol, Ltd.
   Ct. App. N. Y. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1978.
    Pennsylvania Department of Transportation v. United States.
   Ct. Cl. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1968.
    Hudson v. United States et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1979.
    No. 80-1981.
    No. 80-1983.
    No. 80-2024.
    Tamer v. United States; Abraham v. United States; Goldfarb v. United States; and Aladdin Hotel Corp. v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1985.
    Kadans v. Lionel et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1986.
    Distler v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1987.
    Red Diamond Supply, Inc. v. Acme Welding & Supply, Inc., et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certio-rari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1988.
    Hart v. Montana.
   Sup. Ct. Mont. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1989.
    Fullerton v. Arkansas.
   Ct. App. Ark. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1993.
    La Fargue v. St. Amant, Sheriff, et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1995.
    Teamsters Local Union No. 115 v. National Labor Relations Board et al.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1996.
    Freese v. United States.
   Ct. Cl. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1998.
    Sherrard et ux. v. Owens, Judge, et al.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-1999.
    162.20 Acres of Land et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2000.
    Bullard Independent School District et al. v. Brown.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2002.
    Nixon v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2004.
    290 Madison Corp. et al. v. Capone et al.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2006.
    Turbyfill v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2007.
    Surety Managers, Inc. v. Stanford et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2008.
    Goldstein, Comptroller of the Treasury of Maryland, et al. v. Regan, Secretary of the Treasury, et al.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2009.
    Parker v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2011.
    Bublich v. Illinois.
   App. Ct. Ill., 1st Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2012.
    Bowling v. Bowling.
   Ct. Civ. App. Tex., 8th Sup. Jud. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2013.
    Henderson v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2014.
    Samara v. United States.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2018.
    Thill v. New York.
   App. Div., Sup. Ct. N. Y., 4th Jud. Dept. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2019.
    Wyler v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2023.
    Hurst v. Hughes Tool Co.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2025.
    Bentivegna v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2026.
    Brown v. Ohio.
   Ct. App. Ohio, Cuyahoga County. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2028.
    Reid v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2029.
    Brunwasser v. Strassburger, Judge, et al.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2031.
    O’Hare et ux. v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2032.
    American Law Assn. v. Merkel, United States Attorney for the Western District of Washington, et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2034.
    Eckerd Drugs of Georgia, Inc. v. National Labor Relations Board.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certio-rari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2037.
    Cole, dba Jim R. Cole & Associates et al. v. Continental Oil Co.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2038.
    Channell v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2039.
    Ostrer et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2042.
    Bradt v. Smith et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2044.
    Shell Oil Co. et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2050.
    Van Cleve et vir v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2052.
    Local 9, International Chemical Workers Union, AFL-CIO v. Eisenberg, Regional Director, National Labor Relations Board.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2053.
    Hamrick et ux. v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2054.
    Buettner-Janusch v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2055.
    White v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2058.
    Boutz v. Federal Aviation Administration.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2061.
    Rome v. Kansas ex rel. Commission on Judicial Qualifications.
   Sup. Ct. Kan. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2063.
    Sackman-Gilliland Corp. v. Chelsea Title & Guaranty Co.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2065.
    No. 80-6694.
    Calabrese v. United States; Knowles v. United States.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2067.
    Colahan et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2069.
    Caucci v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2071.
    Roslindale Cooperative Bank et al. v. Greenwald et al.
   C. A. 1st Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2072.
    Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway Co. et al. v. United States et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2075.
    Coleman v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2080.
    Ron Tonkin Gran Turismo, Inc. v. Fiat Distributors, Inc., et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2081.
    Osborne et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2084.
    Long et al. v. Chemehuevi Indian Reservation et al.
   Ct. App. Cal., 4th App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2087.
    Boone v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2085.
    Geriatrics, Inc., dba Eventide of Lakewood Nursing Home v. Schweiker, Secretary of Health and Human Services, et al.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2088.
    Wren et al. v. Jones et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2090.
    Prichard et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2093.
    Sea-Land Service, Inc. v. United States.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2095.
    New York Shipping Assn., Inc., et al. v. Pascarell, Acting Regional Director, National Labor Relations Board.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2096.
    DeRonde v. Regents of the University of California et al.
   Sup. Ct. Cal. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2097.
    No. 81-52.
    Potter Instrument Co., Inc. v. Storage Technology Corp. et al.; and Control Data Corp. et al. v. Potter Instrument Co., Inc., et al.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied. [See also 453 U. S. 923.] Reported below: 641 F. 2d 190.


text:
    No. 80-2101.
    Johnson v. J. O. L.
   Ct. App. D. C. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2103.
    Whitwell v. Board of Law Examiners of Tennessee et al.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2104.
    Ward, Correctional Commissioner, et al. v. Powell et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2105.
    Conner v. Virginia.
   Sup. Ct. Va. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2108.
    Tucker et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2109.
    Clark et al. v. United States.
   Ct. Cl. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2113.
    J. W. Bateson, Inc. v. United States.
   Ct. Cl. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2115.
    Silkwood, by Silkwood, Administrator, et al. v. Kerr-McGee Corp. et al.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2118.
    Drennan v. Security Pacific National Bank.
   Sup. Ct. Cal. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2119.
    Cronen v. City of Galena Park, Texas.
   Ct. Civ. App. Tex., 1st Sup. Jud. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2121.
    Martin v. Georgia.
   Ct. App. Ga. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2123.
    Whitt v. Pennsylvania.
   Sup. Ct. Pa. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2124.
    Ambassador College, Inc., et al. v. McElroy.
   Ct. App. Wis. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2125.
    Allen et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2126.
    Hunt v. Hunt, Executor.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2129.
    Hoke v. Akin et al.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2130.
    Sharpe v. Iowa.
   Sup. Ct. Iowa. Certio-rari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2132.
    Verner et al. v. Butchers’ Union #127.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2133.
    Quad C Corp. et al. v. National Labor Relations Board et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2136.
    Weber v. Black et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2137.
    Davis & Cox et al. v. Summa Corp. et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2140.
    Gadek, t/a Poor Billy’s v. Township of Woodbridge.
   Super. Ct. N. J., App. Div. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2141.
    Tennessee et al. v. Louisville & Nashville Railroad Co. et al.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2142.
    Pappalardo et al. v. Shore et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2144.
    Francois v. Administrator of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Administration.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2145.
    Holcombe v. South Carolina.
   Sup. Ct. S. C. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2148.
    Thirty-six Thousand, One Hundred Twenty-five Dollars in United States Currency et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2149.
    Coastal States Crude Gathering Co. v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2154.
    Zenith Radio Corp. et al. v. McGrath.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2155.
    Schiff v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2157.
    Anchorage Times Publishing Co. v. National Labor Relations Board.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certio-rari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2158.
    Spiegel v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2160.
    Williams et al. v. Johnson et al.
   Ct. App. D. C. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2161.
    Mr. A’s Restaurant v. National Labor Relations Board.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2163.
    No. 81-58.
    No. 81-80.
    No. 81-81.
    Dewees v. United States; Butler v. United States; Cameron v. United States; and Patterson v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 643 F. 2d 38.


text:
    No. 80-2166.
    Taberoff v. Farmers Group, Inc., et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2167.
    Lamb v. Connecticut General Life Insurance Co.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2168.
    Medico v. Time, Inc.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2173.
    Lipman v. Leech, Attorney General of Tennessee.
   Sup. Ct. Tenn. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2174.
    Mason v. Zahradnick, Penitentiary Superintendent.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2176.
    Hagopian v. Trefry et al.
   C. A. 1st Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2180.
    McRoberts Protective Agency et al. v. Arbeeny et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2183.
    Clark v. Wilson.
   Sup. Ct. Ill. Certio-rari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2184.
    Sindell, Lowe & Guidubaldi et al. v. Attorney General of Ohio.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2185.
    Paris et al. v. Profit Sharing Plan of Howard B. Wolf, Inc., et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2186.
    Boyd v. Western Electric et al.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2187.
    Malmstedt et al. v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2188.
    Friarton Estates Corp. et al. v. City of New York et al.
   App. Div., Sup. Ct. N. Y., 1st Jud. Dept. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2189.
    Becton et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2190.
    Haddon House Food Products, Inc., et al. v. National Labor Relations Board et al.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2191.
    Town of Morristown v. Woodson, President, Civil Service Commission of New Jersey, et al.
   Super. Ct. N. J., App. Div. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2192.
    Wood v. Southwestern Bell Telephone Co.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2197.
    Alabama ex rel. Graddick, Attorney General of Alabama v. Tennessee Valley Authority et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2198.
    Reed v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2199.
    Snyder v. Ohio.
   Ct. App. Ohio, Cuya-hoga County. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2201.
    Tucker v. Hartford Electric Light Co.
   Sup. Ct. Conn. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2206.
    Strom v. United States et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2208.
    Citron v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2210.
    McCabe v. Department of Registration and Education of Illinois.
   App. Ct. Ill., 1st Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2212.
    Barbalich et al. v. American Automobile Assn.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2214.
    Black et al. v. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2215.
    Milwaukee Typographical Union No. 23 v. Newspapers, Inc.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2216.
    Jones v. Fawcett et al.
   Ct. App. Ark. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2217.
    Seligman & Associates, Inc. v. National Labor Relations Board.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certio-rari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2218.
    Cole v. Gray et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2219.
    Dail v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2220.
    Maritime Overseas Corp. v. Dixon.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-2221.
    Industrial Consultants, Inc. v. H. S. Equities, Inc.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6108.
    Bone v. Illinois.
   Sup. Ct. Ill. Certio-rari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6168.
    Altamirano v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6255.
    Feliciano v. Illinois.
   App. Ct. Ill., 1st Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6364.
    Stevens v. Kirkpatrick.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6387.
    McMahan v. Alaska.
   Sup. Ct. Alaska. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6395.
    Purnell v. Michigan.
   Ct. App. Mich. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6418.
    Garcia-Perez v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6430.
    Wilborn v. Mississippi.
   Sup. Ct. Miss. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6438.
    Stein v. Blackburn, Warden.
   Sup. Ct. La. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6447.
    Frazier v. Perini, Correctional Superintendent.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6458.
    Mink v. Michigan.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6461.
    Randall, aka Hurd v. Bailey et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6462.
    Rutkowsky v. Board of Prison Terms of California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 3d App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6478.
    Harris v. Maryland.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6479.
    Thompson v. Missouri.
   Sup. Ct. Mo. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6486.
    Mapson v. Perini, Correctional Superintendent.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6516.
    Yellen v. Long, Executor, et al.
   Dist. Ct. App. Fla., 4th Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6517.
    Frank v. Blackburn, Warden.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6520.
    Souza v. Rhode Island.
   Sup. Ct. R. I. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6529.
    Sapio v. Gold, District Attorney of Kings County.
   App. Div., Sup. Ct. N. Y., 2d Jud. Dept. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6533.
    Powell v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6544.
    Johnson v. Louisiana.
   Sup. Ct. La. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6545.
    Harvey v. Texas.
   Ct. Crim. App. Tex. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6548.
    Otherson et al. v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6568.
    Cherry v. Director, State Board of Corrections.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6572.
    Hilliard v. Carlson et al.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6573.
    Chrisco v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6578.
    Johnson v. Louisiana.
   Sup. Ct. La. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6585.
    No. 80-6927.
    Terrell v. United States; and Williams v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 644 F. 2d 696.


text:
    No. 80-6591.
    Schlang v. Texas.
   Ct. Crim. App. Tex. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6608.
    Wood v. Florida.
   Dist. Ct. App. Fla., 2d Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6615.
    Scott v. Fauvergue et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6616.
    Severdia v. California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 3d App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6624.
    Muka v. Cohn et al.; and Muka v. Foley et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6625.
    Hook v. Coughlin, Correctional Commissioner, et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6626.
    Grandison v. Maryland.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6628.
    Hall v. Coughlin, Correctional Commissioner, et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6635.
    Espinoza v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6633.
    Chavis v. Henderson, Correctional Superintendent.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6636.
    Hammons v. California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 2d App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6637.
    Thompson v. Schoen, Corrections Commissioner, et al.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6639.
    Young v. Estelle, Corrections Director.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6643.
    Davis v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6644.
    Shaw v. California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 1st App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6647.
    McColpin v. Lamunyon.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6650.
    Palmer v. Indiana.
   Ct. App. Ind. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6652.
    Belcourt v. Rhode Island.
   Sup. Ct. R. I. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6653.
    Clark v. Romero, Warden.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6656.
    Rodriguez v. Trost, dba Trost Model Craft Hobbies.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6658.
    Lewis v. Safeway Stores, Inc., et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6659.
    Kitsos, dba Reliable TV Service v. United States et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6661.
    Delespine v. Estelle, Corrections Director.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6664.
    Polk v. Lewis et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6665.
    Glenn v. Dallman, Correctional Superintendent.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6666.
    Peterson v. Warden, Maryland Penitentiary.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6670.
    Willis v. Virginia.
   Sup. Ct. Va. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6673.
    Monge v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6674.
    Reagle v. Ohio.
   Ct. App. Ohio, Summit County. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6676.
    Houston v. Warden, Stateville Correctional Center, et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6678.
    Shaw v. New York.
   App. Div., Sup. Ct. N. Y., 1st Jud. Dept. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6681.
    Wofford v. California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 2d App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6682.
    Spangenberg v. Wells Fargo Bank, N. A.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6683.
    Humphrey v. United States.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6684.
    Cain v. Moore, Warden.
   Sup. Ct. Conn. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6685.
    Hurt v. District of Columbia Board of Parole.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6686.
    MaGee v. Campoy, Associate Warden, et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6687.
    Rodriguez v. Old Rose Distributors.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6688.
    Van Houten v. California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 2d App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6689.
    Miller v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6691.
    Green v. Jago, Correctional Superintendent.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6697.
    Yacavone v. Bolger, Postmaster General, et al.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6698.
    Keno v. Dwyer, Judge, et al.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6699.
    Novel v. Civil Court of the City of New York et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6705.
    Cox v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6707.
    Crenshaw v. Leeke et al.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6709.
    No. 81-165.
    Enriquez v. United States; and Lopez v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 647 F. 2d 173.


text:
    No. 80-6710.
    Frazier v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6711.
    Powell v. Levit et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6712.
    Housby v. Illinois.
   Sup. Ct. Ill. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6713.
    Holbrook v. Ohio.
   Ct. App. Ohio, Cuya-hoga County. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6715.
    Key v. American Development Corp. et al.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6716.
    Farmakis v. New York.
   App. Div., Sup. Ct. N. Y., 1st Jud. Dept. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6719.
    Rickerson v. New Mexico.
   Sup. Ct. N. M. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6721.
    Moore v. Mintzes, Warden.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6722.
    Mason v. County of Worcester et al.
   Ct. App. Mass. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6723.
    Stoica v. Klem et al.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6724.
    Washington v. Illinois.
   App. Ct. Ill., 2d Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6726.
    Van Duyse v. Israel, Warden.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6728.
    Plotkin v. Serritella.
   App. Ct. Ill., 3d Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6729.
    Van Hoorelbeke v. California.
   Ct. App. Cal., 2d App. Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6730.
    Misuraca v. Georgia.
   Ct. App. Ga. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6731.
    Needham v. Louisiana.
   Sup. Ct. La. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6733.
    Osbond v. Arizona.
   Sup. Ct. Ariz. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6734.
    Keating v. Missouri.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6736.
    Hyde v. Lane, Warden, et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6737.
    Alers et ux. v. City Government of San Juan.
   Sup. Ct. P. R. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6738.
    Flora v. Marzulli, Judge, et al.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6739.
    Grisel v. Oregon State Penitentiary.
   Sup. Ct. Ore. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6741.
    Andrisani v. Maxon Industries, Inc., et al.
   Sup. Ct. Nev. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6742.
    Dragon v. Trombley, Sheriff.
   App. Div., Sup. Ct. N. Y., 3d Jud. Dept. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6746.
    Black v. Woods, Warden, et al.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6747.
    Hohensee et al. v. Shapp et al.
   Sup. Ct. Pa. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6750.
    Parker v. United States.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6751.
    Thanh v. City of Lacey, Washington.
   Sup. Ct. Wash. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6753.
    Mesa v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6754.
    Ross v. Milonas, Judge.
   App. Div., Sup. Ct. N. Y., 1st Jud. Dept. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6756.
    Hickman v. United States.
   Ct. Cl. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6760.
    Burreson v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6761.
    Wood v. Illinois.
   App. Ct. Ill., 5th Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6763.
    Callahan v. Ohio.
   Ct. App. Ohio, Cuya-hoga County. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6765.
    Blanks v. New York.
   App. Div., Sup. Ct. N. Y., 2d Jud. Dept. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6766.
    Luckett v. Sowders, Reformatory Superintendent.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6768.
    No. 80-6790.
    Shackleford v. United States; and Whitehead v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 642 F. 2d 1214.


text:
    No. 80-6770.
    Carr v. Illinois.
   App. Ct. Ill., 1st Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6771.
    Coats v. Ohio.
   Ct. App. Ohio, Cuyahoga County. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6772.
    Tison et al. v. Arizona.
   Sup. Ct. Ariz. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6773.
    Hansen v. Illinois.
   App. Ct. Ill., 1st Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6775.
    Hart v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6776.
    Henderson v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6777.
    Shields v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6778.
    Paulsen v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6779.
    Lunsford v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6781.
    Gaskins v. Illinois.
   App. Ct. Ill., 1st Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6782.
    Adams v. Illinois.
   App. Ct. Ill., 1st Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6784.
    Metz v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6788.
    Wood v. Texas.
   Ct. Crim. App. Tex. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6789.
    Kenneally v. Massachusetts.
   Sup. Jud. Ct. Mass. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6791.
    Killion v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6792.
    Hoppe v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6793.
    Harris v. Hegstrom.
   Sup. Ct. Ore. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6794.
    LaSumba v. Illinois.
   App. Ct. Ill., 4th Dist. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6795.
    Ware v. United States.
   Ct. Cl. Cer-tiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6796.
    Farrakhan v. Sears, Roebuck & Co.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6797.
    Cooper v. Mitchell, Penitentiary Superintendent.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6798.
    Humphrey v. United States.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6800.
    Luster v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6801.
    Crenshaw v. United States et al.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6802.
    Holum v. United States.
   C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6803.
    Motton v. Louisiana.
   Sup. Ct. La. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6804.
    Henderson v. United States.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6805.
    Miller v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6806.
    Stribling v. Reed, Warden, et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6807.
    Germany v. Estelle, Corrections Director.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6808.
    Johnson v. Washington.
   Sup. Ct. Wash. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6809.
    Pilkington v. North Carolina.
   Sup. Ct. N. C. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6811.
    Melton v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6813.
    Bottom v. Coughlin, Correctional Commissioner, et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6814.
    In re Estate of Barnett.
   Ct. App. D. C. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6815.
    Bennett v. United States.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6816.
    Archer v. Commissioner of Correction of New York et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6817.
    Taylor v. Hearne et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6821.
    Mitchell v. Pennsylvania.
   Super. Ct. Pa. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6822.
    No. 80-6823.
    No. 80-6827.
    Griffin v. United States; McGowan v. United States; and Herbst v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 641 F. 2d 1161.


text:
    No. 80-6824.
    Sexton v. Maynard, Warden.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6828.
    Cross v. Carey et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6829.
    Crisafi v. Thompson et al.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6830.
    Cole v. Vincent et al.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6831.
    Scott v. Small Business Administration.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6832.
    Burton v. Greer, Warden.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6833.
    Zamnik v. Haig, Secretary of State, et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6836.
    Marangelli v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6837.
    Trussell v. Ohio.
   Ct. App. Ohio, Montgomery County. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6838.
    Cunningham v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6840.
    Holsey v. Circuit Court for Howard County.
   Ct. App. Md. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6842.
    Stewart et al. v. Ohio.
   Ct. App. Ohio, Cuyahoga County. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6847.
    Wilkerson v. United States.
   Ct. App. D. C. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6848.
    Carpenter v. United States.
   Ct. App. D. C. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6849.
    Karmann v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6851.
    Ruetz v. Duckworth, Warden, et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6852.
    Baldwin v. Maryland.
   Ct. App. Md. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6853.
    Ayers v. Collins, Warden.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6854.
    Caldwell v. Thompson, Trustee in Bankruptcy.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6855.
    No. 80-6856.
    Geaney v. United States; and Clancy v. United States.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 659 F. 2d 1063.


text:
    No. 80-6857.
    Hohensee v. Penetar.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6858.
    Hohensee v. Conaboy.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6861.
    Smith v. Keet, Judge.
   Sup. Ct. Mo. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6862.
    Royse v. Washington et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6865.
    Stebbins v. Armstrong et al.
   Ct. App. D. C. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6866.
    Snead v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6867.
    Roots v. Wainwright, Secretary, Florida Department of Offender Rehabilitation.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6868.
    Widemon v. Ninety-fifth Congress et al.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6869.
    Of Oakknoll v. Bradford Hospital.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6870.
    Carr v. New Mexico.
   Ct. App. N. M. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6871.
    McCrary v. LeFevre, Correctional Superintendent.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6872.
    Adams v. State Bar of Wisconsin et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6873.
    Flashner v. Massachusetts.
   Sup. Jud. Ct. Mass. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6874.
    White v. Sowders, Reformatory Superintendent, et al.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6875.
    Vanderberg v. Biddlecome et al.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6876.
    Fryson v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6879.
    Green v. Martinez et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6881.
    Williams v. Briscoe et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6882.
    Molina v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6884.
    Smith v. United States.
   Ct. App. D. C. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6885.
    Sanders v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6886.
    Lesher v. Kainrad, Judge, et al.
   Sup. Ct. Ohio. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6887.
    Greer v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6888.
    Rivera v. Coughlin, Correctional Commissioner, et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6889.
    Cheatham v. United States.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6891.
    Tully v. Zazzali, Attorney General of New Jersey.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6892.
    Adams v. New York.
   Ct. App. N. Y. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6893.
    Stirewalt v. Dirienzo, U. S. Marshal, et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6894.
    Webster v. Engle, Correctional Superintendent.
   C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6895.
    Payne v. Lyon, Correctional Superintendent.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6896.
    Edwards v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6897.
    Gooden v. United States.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6898.
    Garvin v. United States.
   Ct. App. D. C. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6899.
    Veverka v. Scurr, Warden, et al.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6900.
    Tew v. Schweiker, Secretary of Health and Human Services.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6901.
    Woods v. Neal et al.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6903.
    Carr v. United States.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6904.
    Syers v. Brelje.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certio-rari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6906.
    Miller v. Weinberger, Secretary of Defense, et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6907.
    Stone v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6908.
    Renaud v. New York.
   App. Div., Sup. Ct. N. Y., 3d Jud. Dept. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6909.
    Ghartey v. Capitulo et al.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6910.
    Zatko v. California.
   Sup. Ct. Cal. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6911.
    Mariano, aka Beans v. United States.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6912.
    Steadham v. United States.
   Ct. App. D. C. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6913.
    Melanson v. United States.
   C. A. 1st Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6915.
    Farrakhan v. Mutual of Omaha.
   C. A. 8th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6916.
    Dannelley et al. v. Alabama.
   Sup. Ct. Ala. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6917.
    Johnson v. Gulf Coast Community Service Assn. et al.
   C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6918.
    Wendeln v. Kansas.
   Ct. App. Kan. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6919.
    Shird v. Tilly et al.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6920.
    Nixon v. United States.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6921.
    Wood v. Donovan, Secretary of Labor.
   C. A. 3d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6922.
    DeCrescente v. New York.
   Ct. App. N. Y. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6923.
    Wilson v. California.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6924.
    No. 80-6943.
    Christian v. United States; and Adams v. United States.
   C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 639 F. 2d 174.


text:
    No. 80-6926.
    Barton et al. v. United States.
   C. A.

2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6929.
    Holsey v. Inmate Grievance Commission.
   Ct. App. Md. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6930.
    Brooks v. Maryland.
   Ct. Sp. App. Md. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6931.
    Ashford v. Ohio.
   Ct. App. Ohio, Cuya-hoga County. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6935.
    Mullins v. United States.
   C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6936.
    Hubbard v. United States.
   Ct. App. D. C. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6937.
    Hilliard v. Wilkinson et al.
   C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6938.
    Atherton v. Virginia.
   Sup. Ct. Va. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6939.
    Friedland v. Disciplinary Commission of the Indiana Supreme Court.
   Sup. Ct. Ind. Certio-rari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6941.
    Ybarra v. Bastian et al.
   C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6940.
    Storar, by Hughes, Guardian Ad Litem v. Storar et al.
   Ct. App. N. Y. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6944.
    Carroll v. Secretary of Health and Human Services.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6945.
    Kerner v. Haelsig, aka Kerner.
   Sup. Jud. Ct. Mass. Certiorari denied.


text:
    No. 80-6950.
    Reagan v. St. Martin’s Press.
   C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.