text:
User talk:Webaware/Archive 1

 * Archives September 2006 - January 2007

SB Johnny
Hi!

Is this a bot? -- SB_Johnny | talk 09:06, 4 September 2006 (UTC)

 * No, I just feel like one. I guess I could update the cat orders with a bot, but I'm also reading the articles and fixing the odd link / typo / etc. as I go. Webaware 09:09, 4 September 2006 (UTC)

 * OK :). Are you just doing the cookbook, or are you working further out? -- SB_Johnny | talk 09:14, 4 September 2006 (UTC)

 * Just Cookbook. I was going to add something, but can't now remember what it was... no matter, there's a few things just that little bit better now :/ Webaware 09:16, 4 September 2006 (UTC)

 * OK. I was just curious. -- SB_Johnny | talk 11:27, 4 September 2006 (UTC)

Thanks
Really good to see someone helping with the alpha cats in cookbook. The idea of a "cookbook" with everything under "C" cries out for attention. All the best -- Herby talk thyme 14:40, 27 October 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the welcome. Yes, C for Chicken isn't so bad, but C for Dosa, C for Pasta... :-) --Webaware 22:38, 27 October 2006 (UTC)
 * Certainly seems daft to me and the (boring) maintenance is appreciated! I do have a slight problem with - for example - Chicken Liver Pate - should it be C, L or P? I guess the discussion should be on cookbook talk but vews are always worth hearing. Regards -- Herby  talk thyme 07:18, 28 October 2006 (UTC)
 * In a classic recipe collection, with no proper categorisation mechanism, it might be titled "Paté, chicken liver" and filed under P. However, Wiki tends to file under the article title, so "Chicken liver paté" should thus be filed under C. Additionally, it should be categorised in "Paté recipes" (or should that be Pâté recipes?) :)
 * Oh, and whilst boring, it's good work to do when brain-dead and trying to avoid real work for a bit. I also get to read a few recipes, fix some spelling and links, and take a break from thinking too hard about anything for a while. --Webaware 08:46, 28 October 2006 (UTC)
 * I confess I see it almost the same way. Tho I do hope to put an odd recipe in myself before too long.  See you around I'm sure -- Herby  talk thyme 08:54, 28 October 2006 (UTC)

Welcome
Cos you don't seem to have had one!

Hello and welcome to Wikibooks!

Here are some tips to help you get started:
 * You can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes, like this: ~~~~.
 * Remember to conduct any editing experiments in the sandbox.
 * Check out our help page if you need additional help.
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Take a look at Naming policy
 * See list of templates which can save your time
 * Remember to maintain a Neutral point of view.
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and have fun!

You will find more resources in Community Portal. If you want to ask a question, visit the Study help desk, the Staff lounge, IRC channel or ask me personally on my talk page.

Good luck! -- Herby talk thyme 14:41, 27 October 2006 (UTC)

Reply to your message
" to a couple of pages I'm watching. Please note that this incorrectly orders them all under "M" in the category. Instead, to correctly order these pages, please use the following:  . "

I'm aware of this now. I noticed that many of the pages I'd changed were being listed under 'm'. I'll try and sort them all out over the next few days. Thanks for the message! Xania 22:57, 29 October 2006 (UTC)

 * G'day Xania, please take care to wrap wiki code in "<nowiki></nowiki>" to prevent the code being interpreted by wiki. I just fixed your comment above, as it had placed this talk page in the "Recipes with metric units" category :-) --Webaware 23:20, 29 October 2006 (UTC)

Browsers
No idea what you are using but Firefox allows you to run some nice scripts that are relevant for editing and checking changes to pages (if you didn't know). Cheers -- Herby talk thyme 16:28, 2 November 2006 (UTC)
 * OK did some research and assuming I'm not jumping to conclusions - you may well know about popups. Depending on what you use  could be useful.  Cheers -- Herby  talk thyme 16:32, 2 November 2006 (UTC)
 * G'day Herby, I use Firefox and have popups going on WP, but haven't gotten around to it here. I hadn't seen wikEd before - thanks, will check it out. I'm actually trying to not do much here at present as it distracts me from paid work, but you know how it is :) --Webaware 21:00, 2 November 2006 (UTC)
 * No worries. To me things just ain't right without popups on here too and some of the other toys are neat too.  Sorry about the work getting in the way.  Catch you around -- Herby  talk thyme 08:05, 3 November 2006 (UTC)

In case you miss it!
Take a look at this maybe Staff_lounge, I'm sure you could help tho I realise that you may be busy which is fine - cheers -- Herby talk thyme 19:38, 13 November 2006 (UTC)

 * G'day Herby, I'm note sure what "help" entails here. I agree with ditching BOTM/COTM, but beyond that, I'm not an admin here and have no wish to be. I have about enough time to do some slog work on Cookbook, contribute the odd recipe that I've been emailing to other people, and watch for Cookbook vandalism. If I get some extra time, I'll do a little work on some of the programming language books. Did you have something specific in mind? --Webaware 22:09, 13 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Nothing heavy - I guess I just see you as someone who is more widely interested than some authors - the fact you deal with vandalism indicates that. There are a number of rather neglected areas - I was pointed towards the help pages for example - some of which are dire.  I guess I was looking at categorising people (I hate that ) as "staff" being interested in the project rather than a specific book. All the best -- Herby  talk thyme 08:36, 15 November 2006 (UTC)

 * G'day Herby, thanks for the offer, but I might stick to the little that I've been doing for now. If I did venture into the help pages, I might not make it out again for a while :) and that would hinder anything I can offer Cookbook or Wikipedia. cheers, Webaware 09:19, 15 November 2006 (UTC)

Capitalization/Abbreviation
Is this how I can communicate back with you? Thank you for telling me about the pipe issue in the external links. Is there a consensus regarding the capitalizing in a recipe? Should it be 2 Cups or 2 cups? Is there a consensus regarding abbreviating in a recipe? Should it be 2 Tablespoons, 2 Tbsp or something else? Maybe there is a page that address all this and please let me nkow if there is a different way to communicate with you?

--Psychofarm 02:08, 17 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Reply made on Psycofarm's talk page --Webaware 02:12, 17 November 2006 (UTC)

 * found the info thanks --Psychofarm 02:23, 17 November 2006 (UTC)

Spam rv
Heads up really - there is a new "user" of the same name as the site! Working on Cookbook:Sangria - got to be worth keeping an eye. Cheers -- Herby talk thyme 15:06, 30 November 2006 (UTC)
 * And a look at my last couple of edits (just prior to this time) will give you another new user (the user name is the site name - I think there must be a connection) to keep an eye on. Get back to me if you want more info/help -- Herby  talk thyme 15:13, 30 November 2006 (UTC)
 * This may be useful to you special:linksearch. It does not seem "well advertised" but it will give you something like this  which is a random tho real one.  Useful for checking just how many pages a site may have been placed on - let me know if I can do anything (bear in mind that "policy" is quite tolerant of spam - I'm not!) -- Herby  talk thyme 19:23, 30 November 2006 (UTC)
 * G'day Herby. Yes, I had noticed that one, and have been watching. Thanks for the link, it should come in handy :) --Webaware 05:20, 1 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Genuinely it is good to have another person around who has a similar view on external links. If I can help let me know cheers -- Herby  talk thyme 13:40, 1 December 2006 (UTC)

EL stuff
(x posted - Xania, Webaware & Iamunknown)

Following exchanges on this subject feel free to look at User:Herbythyme/poss el policy and contribute if you like. Unlikley to make policy but you never know we may get a guideline out of it if we can build up some interest.

Equally User:Herbythyme/Over EL pages contains some of my favourite pages! And w:wp:spamhole is interesting. Regards -- Herby talk thyme 13:03, 6 December 2006 (UTC)

Ooops
Apologies - bit early - cheers -- Herby talk thyme 09:08, 12 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Early? It's past time I ate my dinner! :) No worries, mate. Webaware 09:09, 12 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Dinner - no - breakfast!! -- Herby talk thyme 09:11, 12 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Whichever - bon appétit! - I'm off to have my leftovers! Webaware 09:26, 12 December 2006 (UTC)

Kefir & links
Morning (well here). OK - reaction rather than response - I saw a link go in and was going to delete it. Saw page had another link and spammers fave argument - "well there is another one there anyway"!

Response rather than reaction - I'll take a good look and get back to you - say 24 hours (But wikibooks hours ) - sometime tomorrow if I don't get to it today. All admins seemed to have vanished & I'm doing some cleaning! Cheers -- Herby talk thyme 08:19, 16 December 2006 (UTC)

 * I'd typed this out anyway! That is the first time I have placed a link to anything other than a charity or dmoz in over 6 months editing wikis!!! You do have a problem with WP (I understand more than you know but it is too long a story!). Here - as there is no policy (sigh) - you could do it but there I've done it and it's on my watch list so I'll try and keep it clean too. You'll have to tell me more about it sometime

 * Hope this is ok with you. Feel free to look around and see if I need any help anywhere . Cheers -- Herby talk thyme 12:44, 16 December 2006 (UTC)

 * G'day Herby. Late evening here (just waiting for a gluten-free sourdough to cool so that we can taste it before wrapping it up for tomorrow, before going to bed).

 * I understand the EL problem, but there are legitimate reasons for having some ELs - the problem is sorting them from the SPAM and spurious stuff. Thanks for the opportunity for now, at least. I did look at DMOZ before making the page, and it just wasn't up to the job.

 * Regarding the cleanup work, I pitch in when I have a chance, but some of the recipes in here need so much work it's daunting. Besides, there's a few other recipes I have that I really want to put in, given a little time, and I also have a full watchlist on WP. However, I just ditched about a dozen email lists, so maybe I'll have a little more time for wiki again :) cheers, Webaware 12:55, 16 December 2006 (UTC)

 * No problem here - I am an "ex spam fighter" from WP who is still in recovery tho so if I fail at anything point it out to me please. It wasn't cleanup work I was after (tho that is always good).  A little reluctantly maybe browse WB:RFA and see if there is anything that may "interest" you.  Hope the bread is good - our attempts are more modest but we make all our own (with a bread maker sadly - work gets in the way so much).  Regards -- Herby  talk thyme 13:08, 16 December 2006 (UTC)

I owe you - thanks! -- Herby talk thyme 13:34, 16 December 2006 (UTC)
 * rest

 * All seemed reasonable, so have voted accordingly - you owe me nothing! Bread is OK - it's gluten-free, so not exactly my favourite, but it'll keep the wife happy for now. I used to bake bread in a bread maker, but not since I started making sourdough. Given that I'm too lazy to knead, it really doesn't take much extra time or effort anyway. I also cheat with the starter - I mix flour with water in equal quantities, then add a little kefir for the necessary bacteria and yeast, and it fairly rips away overnight. Must drag the bod off to bed now - ta ta! Webaware 13:41, 16 December 2006 (UTC)

Morning mate!
Well you know what I mean. If you get a block of recipes that need recat'ing I can do them easily with the bot if you want to. I'll close the Kefir VfD today too. If I don't catch you - best for the New Year -- Herby talk thyme 08:29, 30 December 2006 (UTC)
 * G'day mate, thanks on the kefir VfD. Once gone, I might look up a couple of good kombucha recipes and build a page for that (although I've never made the stuff myself). I actually prefer to recat manually, because I also catch some red links, spello's, bad grammar, and plan silly statements while I'm passing. It's a good way to become more familiar with the recipe base. Hope you have a good NYE - will be having a quiet one myself this year - and best wishes for 2007. Webaware 09:06, 30 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Understand what you are saying there - I actually get to learn stuff while looking around just some really boring stuff can be done on auto. It will be quiet here to - hope 2007 is a good year for you (except at cricket of course ) -- Herby  talk thyme 09:09, 30 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Ah, that's the game with sticks and a hard red ball, isn't it? And lots of seagulls. Another good sport for beating the Poms at ;) Webaware 09:14, 30 December 2006 (UTC)

Speedy deletion of media replaced by copies at Commons
For future reference, you may use {{NowCommons}} to tag images for deletion that have an exact copy at Wikimedia Commons. — User:Iamunknown 06:03, 2 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks mate, saves a bit of typing :) cheers, Webaware 06:07, 2 January 2007 (UTC)

Kinda thinking out loud
And you are up late! The "superseded by commons" ones - can they be marked as speedy rather than no license? Cheers -- Herby talk thyme 13:47, 3 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Hum I guess not important just that as they had the 7 day copyvio tag on someone might query it (in a tidying mood!) -- Herby talk thyme 13:50, 3 January 2007 (UTC)

 * G'day mate, I was tagging with speedy delete but was advised to tag with NowCommons instead (see above). It makes some sense - if the license issue is resolved, then the images might not be deleted. ITMT, the pages that used them are protected from the "image cleanup" brigade ripping out links unnecessarily and breaking further pages ;) oh, and note that I didn't tag with copyvio, I'm just picking through that category looking for easy replacements and substitutions. Webaware 14:00, 3 January 2007 (UTC)

Having respect for your opinion
Would you look at Administrators%27_noticeboard and comment if you see fit. Thanks & regards -- Herby talk thyme 08:25, 4 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Fit sawn. Webaware 08:36, 4 January 2007 (UTC)
 * D'you speak english as well  - I'm guessing you agree with me tho - cheers -- Herby talk thyme 08:42, 4 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Sorry, have had head stuck in code, whilst also talking food in emails and cooking sambhar for dinner, plus a little "image cleanup". What I meant was that "if it walks like a duck and talks like a duck, it's a duck", and I saw fit to comment :) (and no, I don't speak 733T, or at least, not since 300bps!) Webaware 08:49, 4 January 2007 (UTC)

No worries - enjoy the food & thanks -- Herby talk thyme 09:05, 4 January 2007 (UTC)
 * reset
 * Will do, you have a nice breakfast now :) Webaware 09:06, 4 January 2007 (UTC)

BTW
You know if you want the tools yourself any time I would happily support it - roughly "good night" I guess cheers -- Herby talk thyme 13:39, 5 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Thanks mate, but I prefer to plod along. I'd rather help support those that ought, and oppose those that oughtn't, than stick my hand up for myself. cheers, and good night (00:41 here now) Webaware 13:42, 5 January 2007 (UTC)
 * I understand and respect that a lot (& the views) - sleep well - -- Herby talk thyme 13:46, 5 January 2007 (UTC)

Beef
Thanks for handling that - nicely done, I guess I'll "watch" for a while!! I thought I'd drop a hint about signing but yours was more constructive. Cheers -- Herby talk thyme 07:57, 10 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Now let's see whether he takes it constructively or as a personal affront. ITMT, there's plenty of other jobs to get done :) Webaware 07:58, 10 January 2007 (UTC)
 * As to the work - for sure - some folk like the sound of their own keyboards tho!! -- Herby talk thyme 08:00, 10 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Yeah, you get that. I prefer to hear what others have to say (well, some others!) Webaware 08:05, 10 January 2007 (UTC)

Kudos - nice handling and result, I'll learn from it - regards -- Herby talk thyme 08:16, 13 January 2007 (UTC)
 * reset

Had to comment
Over the past few days I have been "watching" on RC the work that you have been putting in on a large number of Cookbook: articles. It is that sort of work that makes me want to stick around here - if only the main namespace had folks like you (btw - look at your user page, not really my thing & I won't be offended if you bin it but I think the work needs acknowledging!). (I'd have made it a bit bigger but hey the cricket.... ) Regards -- Herby talk thyme 13:33, 11 January 2007 (UTC)

 * G'day mate, thanks for that! I'm not a big fan of them either, but will proudly wear it for the month of January. But have you noticed this bloke? Personally, I think we need more of pretty much everyone, except the vandals :-) Webaware 22:30, 11 January 2007 (UTC)
 * I'll grant you that one but nothing like as consistent as you (so far) recently. Sitting (fairly quietly) on RC you see almost everything - not always good news.  Enjoy the rest of your day -- Herby  talk thyme 08:34, 12 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Thanks, mate. Hope you have a good Friday the Twelfth! Webaware 08:38, 12 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Feels more like a 13th one so far! -- Herby talk thyme 08:39, 12 January 2007 (UTC)
 * I can sympathise - true to form (for me), it came early - yesterday was a bugger. Oh well, the weekend's here now, not far away for you either... Webaware 08:43, 12 January 2007 (UTC)

We are obviously "behind" you guys (!), it has only just arrived (the bugger) here AND I'm working tomorrow. However I've then got four days and not a bad forecast so wikibooks may suffer and the garden benefit - best -- Herby talk thyme 08:49, 12 January 2007 (UTC)
 * reset

copyvios
As you are around - looking about you seem to have your head screwed on roughly the right way round! Could you give me an opinion on the Cookbook ones here Category:Copyright violations. Like you I tend to wander around looking at stuff and found these. I guess I am unsure just how much a relatively ordinary recipe can be copyright. I'm unsure whether to delete the pages or just remove the "source" links (I'll put something on the common author's page anyway). Based on past performance it is unlikely anyone else will deal with them in a rush so if you could let me know your opinion I'd appreciate it. Thanks -- Herby talk thyme 10:30, 13 January 2007 (UTC)
 * G'day mate, I'll take a look at them over coffee tomorrow morning. cheers, Webaware talk 13:09, 13 January 2007 (UTC)
 * I guess I was trying to cheat! Thinking about removing the source and ignoring it - but you have kept me on the "straight and narrow".  I'll delete them later and put a message on the talk page.  Thanks for the opinion, appreciated -- Herby  talk thyme 10:29, 14 January 2007 (UTC)
 * No worries, always happy to help out :) Webaware talk 12:36, 14 January 2007 (UTC)

So maybe a view on this one Cookbook:Butter tart. An edit in the past few hours appears to be claiming copyright in a sense?? Cheers -- Herby talk thyme 07:46, 15 January 2007 (UTC)
 * reset
 * Yes, I was wondering about that one. Perhaps you could contact the new user and ask them to give license to Wikibooks for the recipe, by saying so on the talk page for the recipe – it appears that they don't mind it being here, so might readily give permission. I'd dare say that we have some boilerplate somewhere around to cover this situation... Webaware talk 08:01, 15 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Yep - thanks and done (tho the boilerplate eluded me!), thanks again -- Herby talk thyme 08:06, 15 January 2007 (UTC)

Re: Spaces in link text
I appreciate the advice, I'll do that from now on. If you think it's necessary I can go back and change 'em too. - SeekerVI talk 05:21, 18 January 2007 (UTC)

Images
Sorry didn't spot that - if you have time to "find" them in the deletion log I will happily get them back so that we can get satisfactory replacements (no idea what the policy is but ...). Any time you feel something isn't being done nudge me - I'll help if I can - cheers -- Herby talk thyme 08:00, 19 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Thanks, will have a look for them when I get a chance. Webaware talk 08:53, 19 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Didn't have enough time - the two I found were both deleted by Darklama on the 30th December (I'd like to restore them all at the same time) - may help you filter to get them. I reckon if I get them back for a week (a wikibook one!) that should give a bit of time? -- Herby  talk thyme 18:34, 19 January 2007 (UTC)
 * I was wondering about going the "policy" route, and listing them on Votes for undeletion. That way, everyone is clear on what is going on and exactly why they are being undeleted. When I get a moment, I'll look at just what was deleted around that time by darklama, and make a list of what should be undeleted - perhaps with nld on them still (and new date). Pro'lly not today though!
 * Oh, and the greater problem is that a large number of images were first unlinked from the pages using them before deletion - thus we pro'lly have no way of putting them back up, no matter how erroneous their deletion :( Webaware talk 22:42, 19 January 2007 (UTC)

I'll be bold - undeleted in a jiffy. Will you guys let me know if I can help with others (*** the policy, it is the interests of WB we are working on ! - WP has "rouge" admins, I've always like the idea!) -- Herby talk thyme 07:59, 20 January 2007 (UTC)
 * reset
 * Good lord! Not rouge admins! I can see them now, powdering their faces, ready to tackle the vandals. Or is that powdering their tackle, ready to face the vandals? Whatever... just as long as we don't have any rogues ;) oh, and thanks, will take a look at them real soon now. Webaware talk 10:01, 20 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Go look at WP, it's amusing, so named cos people tended to mistype "rogue"  - me - I'm not like that -- Herby talk thyme 12:03, 20 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Oh, for goodness sake! WP really does have a page on just about everything! Right-o, then, I'd better rub this stuff off before someone finds out... Webaware talk 13:06, 20 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Won't worry me either way - I don't fight but I am perfectly capable of it, it just isn't an effective way of getting anything usually (age I guess). Hope you liked the humour on the page - always say if you think I can do anything -- Herby  talk thyme 13:18, 20 January 2007 (UTC)
 * No, I meant the red stuff - bloody stuff gets on everything, I don't know how those admin fellows cope. No matter, I've converted a couple of the images to wiki markup, but the first three listed will have to be redrawn - later, after I get some paid work done (got to eat, you know). Webaware talk 13:23, 20 January 2007 (UTC)

BTW I seem to have forgotten to restore the version with the nld tag (!) so you should be ok for a bit. And do you mean to say we don't get paid for this - thought the cheque was taking a bloody long time  - enjoy the weekend - cheers -- Herby talk thyme 18:09, 20 January 2007 (UTC)
 * reset

PD-ineligible
User talk:Iamunknown: read and weep --Iamunknown 05:28, 20 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Oh, bugger. No worries, I'm sorting out wiki markup versions of some of the simpler ones anyway; perhaps the original author (or someone with appropriate software) can rebuild the two Marys and upload as PD. I'll remove the tags for now. thanks, Webaware talk 05:32, 20 January 2007 (UTC)
 * This whole image deletion thing is getting really frustrating. First, there is no established infrastructure other than the policy, "These images will be deleted." Rather vague, it seems. Furthermore, as you have been arguing, and as I have argued to a lesser degree, many of these images are not difficult to replace. If people would just take the time, we could save a lot of valuable imagery.
 * The apparent issues aside, what do you think of creating a new template similar to tag the images with other than subst:nsd so that we can know which images have been dealt with (i.e. have been replaced and deprecated either by wiki or another file)? We could report to the admins so they know all those images are perfectly okay to delete. Then maybe everyone wouldn't think we're just complaining.  Iamunknown 05:46, 20 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Bloody good idea. Ah - but once "dealt with", won't those images be simply deleted, thus no longer showing any problem? This is currently the situation with NowCommons - it helps deal with the problem, but leaves no trace for admins to get any feel for quantity after the fact.
 * Either way, I think that maybe we need a new template for folks like you and me to tag images with, after we've vetted them and found no simple solution; i.e. "it's a fair cop, take it out the back and wipe it's clock" as compared to "maybe it is, maybe it isn't but nobody's looked at it to be sure". Webaware talk 05:52, 20 January 2007 (UTC)

Radiology images
About the radiology images, I have a feeling that they are very illegal even under fair use. They are medical records, and unless released, are subject to strict copyrights and privacy issues. I know you aren't systematically saving them, I just thought I'd bring that up. What are your thoughts? I really don't know...that's just what I thought. --Iamunknown 06:28, 20 January 2007 (UTC)
 * I have suspected the same, unless they are medical research images from a public institution and released under some license. However, they certainly aren't tagged as such - the uploader needs to make it clear what the copyright status is, and quickly! Silence, was the sad response... Webaware talk 07:05, 20 January 2007 (UTC)

NowCommons
Don't use this template for something like Image:Georgius1 VI.jpg and Image:Georg VI England.jpg.

It's not the same Image and NowCommons is normally is used, when the same picture in the same (or better) quality is on commons.

-- MichaelFrey 06:37, 21 January 2007 (UTC)

 * OK, will comply. I would still like to indicate that the image in question has now been replaced in pages that linked to it, and can safely be deleted – any suggestions there? Webaware talk 06:40, 21 January 2007 (UTC)
 * BTW I always check before deleting that the name is the same here and Commons. Let me know tho if I go wrong or can help - cheers -- Herby  talk thyme 09:50, 21 January 2007 (UTC)

More clean-up resources
I have another fun resource for image restoration / replacement -- User:Iamunknown/Cleanup/Image restoration. If you have time away from your Cookbook maintenance, check it out. I am impressed with how much Cookbook-related work you do. I didn't realise until I started watching the recent changes. --Iamunknown 00:12, 28 January 2007 (UTC)
 * LOL! I have a couple of those as bookmarks :-) but have been on a bit of a mission with the Cookbook lately. Will return to images this week. cheers, Webaware talk 00:32, 28 January 2007 (UTC)

You've got mail
♫ Iamunknown 06:47, 21 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Thanks, have plugged it in and will check it out. Have been just browsing the Recent changes for Images namespace, which works OK. Can't dedicate the time it really needs anyway, due to the old "paid work" thing. Ciders went down well, looking forwards to some meads tonight over dinner! 41°C outside today, so cold drinks and cowering inside have been the order of the day. Webaware talk 07:00, 21 January 2007 (UTC)
 * 41°C! It's probably -10°C where I am! Oh well. I'm inside too. Just totally different conditions. :) --Iamunknown 07:08, 21 January 2007 (UTC)
 * No idea which of you I am more envious of so just "morning", "evening" whatever - cheers -- Herby talk thyme 09:31, 21 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Mornvening, mate. It's cooled down to a comfortable 31°C now, so we've got the windows open again. I don't think I've ever seen a sub-zero (°C) day here, but am soon to move to where they get -10°C at the very worst. I couldn't imagine what it's like in -30°C blizzards!. About to rip open another cooling bottle, so edits might get a little more haphazard yet... Webaware talk 09:44, 21 January 2007 (UTC)

A burglar alarm had me up quite a bit of the night so not sure I'm competent to do anything at the mo! FWIW +6C here but at least the sun is out for the first time in weeks! -- Herby talk thyme 09:48, 21 January 2007 (UTC)
 * reset
 * Glad to hear you have sunshine again. Looking forwards to more cloud cover here. Webaware talk 09:54, 21 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Depending on speed you have another ♫! -- Herby talk thyme 10:04, 21 January 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Webaware/Archive 1


text:
ERP Internals/Modules/General Ledger/Reports

 * Balance Sheet
 * Income Statement
 * Cash Flow Statement
 * Custom Financial Statements
 * Trial Balance
 * Account Activity
 * Journal

General Ledger/Reports

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
ERP Internals/Modules/Job Costing/Reports

 * Job List
 * Job Summary
 * Job Detail

Job Costing/Reports


text:
ERP Internals/Modules/Payroll/Reports

 * Checks
 * Labels

Payroll/Reports

title: ERP Internals/Modules/Payroll/Reports


text:
ERP Internals/Modules/Purchasing/Reports

 * Purchase Order
 * Purchase Order Status

Purchasing/Reports


text:
Radiation Oncology/Prostate/Recurrence after RT

Salvage treatments for biochemical failure after definitive radiotherapy.

See also: Advanced disease for PSA-only recurrence.

Androgen ablation
Timing of Salvage HT:
 * ICORG 97-01 (Irish Clinical Oncology Research Group) (1997-2001) -- early vs late salvage HT
 * Secondary (retrospective) analysis of a randomized trial. ICORG 97-01 compared short (4 months) vs long (8 months) neoadjuvant HT before RT. RT following HRT, 70 Gy. See also: Adjuvant ADT for trial details.
 * Purpose: compare survival outcomes of early vs late salvage HT. Treatment of biochemical failure was not specified per protocol.
 * Group 1 (early salvage): biochemical failure, started on HT with PSA <= 10, no distant mets. Group 2 (late salvage): BF, started on HT with PSA > 10, no distant mets. Group 3 (late salvage with DM): distant mets.
 * 2013 PMID 22658512 -- "Early salvage hormonal therapy for biochemical failure improved survival in prostate cancer patients after neoadjuvant hormonal therapy plus radiation therapy-a secondary analysis of irish clinical oncology research group 97-01." (Mydin AR, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2013 Jan 1;85(1):101-8.)
 * Conclusion: overall survival was improved for pts with BF treated with early salvage HT.

 * RTOG 85-31 (1987-92)
 * "Non-bulky" trial. Long term (indefinite) HT vs none. See also: Adjuvant ADT for trial details.
 * 2010 PMID 20356687 -- "Timing of Salvage Hormonal Therapy in Prostate Cancer Patients With Unfavorable Prognosis Treated With Radiotherapy: A Secondary Analysis of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 85-31." (Souhami L, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2010 Mar 29. [Epub ahead of print])
 * Subset analysis, relapsing patients in RT alone arm. Defined early salvage as initiated with PSA <10 and late-salvage as >10. Median F/U 11 and 13 years
 * Outcome: Early salvage significantly improved OS (HR 1.5, SS), no difference in local failure or cancer-specific mortality
 * Conclusion: Early introduction of salvage hormonal therapy improved OS but not CSS. Randomized trial is warranted

Intermittent androgen ablation:
 * Canadian trial - phase II
 * PMID 16783817, 2006 — "Final results of the Canadian prospective phase II trial of intermittent androgen suppression for men in biochemical recurrence after radiotherapy for locally advanced prostate cancer: clinical parameters." Bruchovsky N et al. Cancer. 2006 Jul 15;107(2):389-95.
 * 103 pts. Each cycle consisted of cyproterone acetate (CA) x 4 wks then Lupron plus CA for a total of 36 wks.
 * Median f/u 4.2 yrs. Time off treatment averaged 53% of total cycle time.

Brachytherapy

 * U.Wisconsin, 2007 (Review) PMID 17685384 -- "Management of prostate cancer recurrences after radiation therapy-brachytherapy as a salvage option." (Allen GW, Cancer. 2007 Oct 1;110(7):1405-16.)
 * Review. Summarizes treatment of 226 pts reported in literature, including 12 pts from this institution not previously reported.
 * Wisconsin experience: 12 pts, treated with brachy (I or Pd) + 3 mo neoadjuvant AA. Median f/u of 45 months after implant.
 * Conclusion: salvage brachytherapy success rates are likely similar to salvage with surgery or cryotherapy.

HDR:
 * UCSF (1998-2005)
 * PMID 17197119, 2006 — "Feasibility of High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy Salvage for Local Prostate Cancer Recurrence After Radiotherapy: The University of California-San Francisco Experience." Lee B et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006 Dec 28.
 * 21 pts. 36 Gy in 6 fractions.
 * Conclusion: "feasible and effective"

Prostatectomy
Salvage Prostatectomy:
 * Memorial Sloan-Kettering
 * PMID 12756084, 2003 — "Salvage radical prostatectomy for recurrence of prostate cancer after radiation therapy." Eastham et al. Curr Urol Rep. 2003 June.
 * Incontinence rates are similar to incontinence rates after up front prostatectomy
 * Note: Most other series report higher incontinence rates in the range of 50%

 * UCSF, 2001 (Review) PMID 11590813 -- "Salvage radical prostatectomy." (Shekarriz B, Urol Clin North Am. 2001 Aug;28(3):545-53.)
 * Review.

 * Baylor, 1995 PMID 7526002 -- "Salvage radical prostatectomy: outcome measured by serum prostate specific antigen levels." (Rogers E, J Urol. 1995 Jan;153(1):104-10.)
 * 40 pts.
 * pT3 or pN+ in 54% (more likely if PSA > 10).
 * Mean 39 months f/u. 2 pts died from PCA, 5 developed DM; none had local recurrence. 5-yr PSA control 55%. (more likely if pre-surgery PSA < 10). In pts with pathologically localized disease (minimal T3), 82% had PSA control.
 * Toxicity: 15% rectal injury (colostomy - 2 pts). Persistent urinary incontinence 58% (corrected with artificial sphincter in 9 of 18).
 * Conclusion: salvage prostatectomy provides excellent control of recurrence cancer; best performed before PSA increases greater than 10-20.

Cryotherapy

 * UK, 2007 (2000-5) PMID 17662081 -- "Salvage cryotherapy for recurrent prostate cancer after radiation failure: a prospective case series of the first 100 patients." (Ismail M, BJU Int. 2007 Oct;100(4):760-4. )
 * 100 pts. Mean f/u 33 mo. 5-yr bRFS 73% (low risk pts), 45% (int), 11% (high)
 * Toxicity: incontinence 13%, erectile dysfunction 86%, recto-urethral fistula 1%.
 * Conclusion: salvage cryo is safe and effective


text:
Biblical Studies/New Testament Commentaries/The Gospel of John/Chapter 3

John chapter 3
Key ideas and points worthy of discussion in this chapter include :

 * Spiritual rebirth from above.

 * Nicodemus as a representative character

 * Baptism (if that is what the reference to 'water' is referring to)

 * The idea that judgment has already occurred and is based entirely on one's response to Jesus. This theme reflects what is known as realized eschatology, and (particularly as interpreted by existentialist exegeses such as Rudolf Bultmann ) it has had a profound influence on Evangelical theology and preaching.

In John 3:1, Nicodemus is presented at the beginning of this chapter as a "ruler of the Jews.", a Senator, a sage, a Doctor of the Law, teacher of teachers and a leader of the Sandhedrin The Supreme Court). He came to Jesus at night and questioned Him, because he knows that Jesus does not perform these "signs" with out God. The time which Nicodemus chooses to meet with Jesus shows, along with his position as ruler of the Jews may be linked.  Jesus, not a popular man with Jewish leaders, was usually talked to with a negative view.  Nicodemus recognizes a more positive side to Jesus and His relationship to God.  Rather than approaching Jesus during the day, Nicodemus' timing may reflect a fear of association with Jesus and in his recognizing Jesus Himself as a teacher and ruler.  The word "night" has also been seen as symbolic referring to evil deeds or sin and as playing opposite to the word meaning pure or sinless, "light." With that said Nicodemus is seen as coming to the father at night (with sin). Jesus then proceeds to inform Nicodemus on the necessity of a new birth from above. Jesus explains more fully that a man must be born of water

(Water is a symbol for the Wisdom of God. Faith come first by hearing Yah's words of Wisdom. We are cleansed and birthed by the words)

Nicodemus would understand that water meant God's wisdom: The word of Yah on high is the fountain of wisdom. (Ecclesiasticus (from the Latin Vulgate) 1: 5) Wisdom is poured forth like water. (Enoch 48:1A) A wise man's knowledge wells up in a flood, and his counsel, like a fountain of life. (Sirach 14:13) A person's words can be life-giving water; words of true wisdom are as refreshing as a bubbling brook. (Prov 18:4 )

In that day a fountain will be opened for the house of David and for the inhabitants of Yerushalayim, for sin and for impurity. (Zech 13:1) With joy you shall draw water from the wells of salvation. (Is 12:3)

so Jesus spent more time explaining the part of the spirit. God is a spirit. He is the father of spirits (elohim sons and daughters).

Some are fallen (elohim -demons). Some are messengers to men (angels). One is called the angel of Yah's presence. Yah only dealt with men in the old testament via the angel of his presence -also known as the angel of wisdom by whom Yah created all things. Once you hear the words of the Father if your heart repents and is cleansed by them your body becomes a vessel for the angel of Yah's presence to enter. It is this infilling that makes you spirit born.

Nicodemus was not getting it.

(The Greek word for wind and spirit are one and the same 'pneuma'). Here in John is the only place in the new Testament where it is translated as wind and it muddies the water to do so. Jesus said:

That which is born of the flesh is flesh and that which is born of the angel of his presence is spirit. Do not look so surprised Nicodemus. Father breathes and his breath carries his words and those who hear them and obey them, become spirit born. "The Spirit (angelof Wisdom) flows where it wants, and you are hearing its voice right this minute; but you are unaware from where the voice (Bat kol) comes or to where it returns. Nicodemus was astonished and asked, “How can this be possible?”

Jesus' use of words with double meaning.

Jesus uses three words that have a double meaning. anothen, meaning “from above” and “again”, hypsoo, meaning “lift up” and “exalt”, and pneuma, meaning “wind” and “spirit”. It is imperative that the reader understand the nature of this conversation between Nicodemus and Jesus to be able to recognize the human ignorance embodied by Nicodemus that actually kept him from “seeing and believing”. Jesus knows exactly what he is doing and is making every effort to bring Nicodemus to a right understanding of who he is, who God is and how this new covenant relationship works.

In talking about new birth, Jesus uses a word that surpasses the concept of being born of the flesh. The brilliant Nicodemus cannot get past the idea of entering his mothers womb to understand that Jesus is talking about a spiritual birth. In trying to explain this spiritual rebirth, Jesus talks about the Spirit. The word used here, as noted above, has a double meaning. The second meaning, “wind”, speaks directly to the mystery of what Jesus is offering.

Jesus’ reply to Nicodemus’ question of “How can this be”, comes in the form of a self-designation. Obviously his reference to the Son of Man is a reference to himself, but even Jesus seems confident that Nicodemus doesn’t get it (v12). Jesus then talks about the Son of Man being lifted up, referencing an OT story that Nicodemus knew forward and backward. While it doesn’t comment on whether or not Nicodemus understands this teaching, the implication is that he followed his previous pattern of not being able to transcend the physical, what he knew, to embrace the mystery of the spiritual.

John 3:14 states, "And just as Moses lifted up the serpent ( another mistranslation. Neither Jesus nor Moses would use satanic serpent symbols. The Hebrew for seraphim (angel creatures) is meant here). in the wilderness, so must the Son of Man be lifted up, that whoever believes in him may have eternal life." This is a reference to Numbers 21, when the people became impatient with God and Moses because they were in the wilderness for so long. Yahweh sent poisonous serpents among the people and many died. The people admitted they had been sinning, so Moses prayed for the people and the Lord told Moses if he put a seraph on a pole, everyone who looked at it would live. Numbers 21:9 states, "So Moses made a saraph of bronze, and put it on a pole; and whenever a serpent bit someone, that person would look at the seraph of bronze and live." This is why angel worship became a mjaor problem among the Jews.

John 3:14 can symbolize and be foreshadowing Jesus' crucifixion on a pole, as Jesus died on the cross in order to take away the power of death. One thing that differentiates the Numbers passage from the John passage is that John states people must believe in the Messiah in order to be saved. This is a very common concept in John, and it is arguably an idea seen more often in the New Testament than in the Old Testament. Yahshuah continues with Nicodemus: Those who gaze upon my wisdom teaching, and unite with the words (devarim, Memra, logos, angel of wisdom) I speak, and obey them, will find this wisdom will heal them of their sins and give them the Spirit-birth that leads to immortality and the Father’s love. As it is written in the Scroll of Wisdom: For when the dire venom of beasts came upon them and they were dying from the bite of crooked serpents, your anger endured not to the end. But as a warning, for a short time they were terrorized, though they had a sign of salvation, to remind them of the precept of your law. For he who turned toward it was saved, not by what he saw, but by you, the savior of all… But not even the fangs of poisonous reptiles overcame your sons, for your mercy brought the antidote to heal them. For as a reminder of your injunctions, they were stung, and swiftly they were saved… For indeed, neither herb nor application cured them, but your all-healing word. (Wisdom 16: 5)

We are cleansed and healed by Yah’s words of wisdom. Yahshuah was the vessel that contained Yah’s wisdom. All who are wise come to that vessel and drink the words that cleanse and heal those who obey them.

In John 3:15, eternal life is used for the first time and emphasizes zoe life in the world to come.

The Greek word for believe in Greek is Pistis. It takes six English words to translate it: Believe,unites with, love and obey. Whoever believes (unites with, loves, and obeys) the son, will have Zoe-life, but whoever disobeys the son, will reap a bitter harvest of vengeance.

Chapter 3 contains two of the most popular verses in the entire Bible, John 3:16 & 17, which summarize the significance of Jesus Christ and His purpose for the world. "For God so loved the world, that He gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believes (unites with, loves, and obeys) Him should not perish, but have everlasting life. For God sent not His Son into the world to condemn the world; but that the world through Him might be saved."

Verse 18 goes on to explain that those who hear the message of Jesus, understand it, and yet refuse to believe are already judged. This reiterates the lesson of verse 15: that one must believe (unite with, love, and obey) the Messiah to be saved. Those people who have already been judged are the ones in verse 19 who love the darkness and flee from the light. They are afraid of what the light will expose. Those who are saved love and come to the light, and God knows that their actions are done in God's name. Once again, the author returns to the dichotomy of light and darkness. Verses 19 and 20 reiterate this separation by focusing on how those not in the light are in fact fleeing the light.

This Johanine theme revisits the prologue statement of the Word as Light and also fits well with much of the first chapter of the letter 1 John. Outside of the works of John, this also lends itself well to Paul's views on life outside Christ and life "in Christ" (cf. Romans 1 and Romans 6).

In this chapter, Jesus explains how eternal life works to Nicodemus, who is one of the teachers to the Jewish people in Israel. The famous verse John 3:16 [for God so loved the world that he sent his only begotten son, so that whomever will believe in him will not perish, but have eternal life] is found in this section. It is interesting that these words seem to be spoken by Jesus himself in a third person oration.

John 3:22-30 shows Jesus's disciples as baptizing individuals who came to them (Jesus never water baptized but until his resurrection allowed his disciples to water baptize).

This is the first and (other than John 4:1-3) only reference to a baptizing ministry during Jesus' lifetime. Further, John points to an overlap of ministries of Jesus and John the Baptist. During the overlap a dispute arises that will lead John the Baptist to recap his testimony that His ministry points to Jesus. It does not compete with Jesus. Verse 24 notes that John the Baptist had not yet been imprisoned. The Synoptics imply that Jesus did not begin his ministry until John's imprisonment. In verse 27 John the Baptist acknowledges that his ministry is not his own. It has been a gift from God. This refers back to the first chapter of John, where John the Baptist tells of the one who comes after him. John the Baptist uses this opportunity to make it quite clear that he is in fact subordinate to Jesus. Verse 28 repeats the statement by John from 1:20 that he was not the Messiah. Verse 29 introduces a very important title for Jesus and John the Baptist.

Jesus is a bridegroom and he has the bride (the new completed Torah). John the Baptist is the friend of the bridegroom. The friend of the bridegroom was a mediator for the groom making necessary arrangements. John was essentially Jesus' best man. There is a question of which parts of this text are direct quotations of John the Baptist and which are commentary by the author. Although many Bible translations show that John the Baptist speaks from verse 27 through the end of the chapter, it is also argued that John the Baptist's quotation ends at verse 30, leaving the rest of the chapter as commentary. In verse 34, we read that "He whom God has sent speaks the words of God, for he gives the Spirit without measure." While the interpretation of Jesus the Messiah giving Spirit without measure fits better with the overall book, the author could be implying that God gives Jesus the Spirit without measure. The first two verses of chapter 4 return to the competition between Jesus and John the Baptist. These verses bring to a close the section that began in 3:22. Verse 3 then provides the transition verse to Jesus' encounter with the Samaritan woman described in chapter 4 (Hahn).

John 3:36 lends itself to some very interesting and different interpretations. It states, "Whoever believes in the Son has eternal life; whoever disobeys the Son will not see life, but must endure God's wrath." One interpretation of this can be that there is a contrast between eternal life and eternal punishment. While this interpretation can make complete sense, especially considering "God's wrath" is spoken of, the idea of eternal life vs. eternal damnation (possibly hell) should not be simply implied without looking deeper into the text, especially its relationship with the rest of the Gospel. Another interpretation of this verse is that the phrase, "whoever disobeys the Son will not see life" is referring to a more present tense. To back this up, one can go back to earlier in Chapter 3, (3:18) when the present tense is spoken of again, in terms of judgment: "Those who believe in him are not condemned: but those who do not believe are condemned already..." Since judgment doesn't just happen later on, but every day, the idea that those who disobey the Son won't see life can be thought of in a present tense: those who disobey won't live their lives every day the way they are supposed to. Possibly, there is a sense that those who disobey the Son will live unfulfilled lives, and won't truly connect with God on a daily basis.

Nicodemus and his relationship with Christ Nicodemus was one of the Sanhedrin (from the Greek synedrion), which was a kind of council or judiciary body for the Jewish people during the time of Christ. Nicodemus was described as 'the teacher of Israel' which certainly implies that he had some standing among the rabbis of his day. He enjoyed considerable wealth, a high-ranking position, and significant influence over his fellows. This is precisely why he should have been opposed to Christ - remember the pride, fear, and intolerance frequently evidenced by the Pharisees? But Nicodemus, even though Christ's 'Baptism of the spirit' was a concept very foreign to him, still acknowledges that Christ could not perform his miracles without divine aid (Verse 2). A unique occurrence indeed! Why would a man of Nicodemus' standing, 'the teacher of Israel' have a hard time comprehending Jesus' teaching? As Jesus states being born 'from above' and in(3:4) the repetition of a natural birth to Nicodemus was out of the question. By natural birth people become members of an earthly family; and to become members of the family of God, a birth 'from above' is necessary (Bruce). The author of John portrays Nicodemus as being a "believer" in Jesus for the duration of his ministry until his death. In John 19:39, Nicodemus helps Joseph of Arimathea in burying Jesus and even brought seventy-five pounds of "myrrh and aloes".

Nicodemus as a representative character. The Gospel of John is not written to simply provide numerous examples of beautiful, poignant conversion experiences in all of it’s key characters. Throughout the narrative we hear very clearly that “not everyone believed”. “Everyone” includes people like Nicodemus. It seems the example of the character of Nicodemus highlights a very well-known lifestyle still being lived out in and around the Johannine community. Not to add an “example” to learn from, but to represent accurately the reality of believing in and following the person of Jesus.

To come to the end of this story and conclude that Nicodemus was a true believer in every sense of the word is disastrous to the message. Christ then becomes a good teacher, who is from God; a title that no doubt was personally adopted by many pharisees. Belief is more about simply picking and choosing and being in control of what is true.

In similar fashion to the first disciples, Nicodemus was holding onto what he had found. A stunt that would be detrimental to his ability to see and understand who Jesus was and what he must do to truly believe. Jesus simply wanted Nicodemus to let go of his preconceived ideas so he could receive this fresh outpouring of God. The character of Nicodemus can represent more than “pharisees”. We carry our preconceived ideas to God’s fresh outpouring all the time. While Nicodemus “misses” it and Jesus speaks of judgment, I think to interpret this passage in a way that brings about “7 steps to judging an un-believer” is wrong. Refusal to accept Jesus as the Son of God brings about a self-imposed condemnation, not a judgment or condemnation of God or of Jesus. Some scholars argue that Nicodemus exhibited a partial faith. Where does partial faith get us? According to this story within the larger narrative, it seems that we wind up with a cheap knock-off version of a true saving knowledge of Jesus.

How do we create boxes for God that cause us to miss God’s “new” and “fresh” grace “from above”? The inclusion of the Nicodemus story seems to be an intentional move by the evangelist to not only communicate the truth behind the message of Jesus, but to remind those a part of the Johannine community of what it means to truly follow Jesus.

Nicodemus as symbolism We know now that Nicodemus is a very distinguished teacher at the time of Jesus and his own mission to teach. It has been said in the commentary by D. Moody Smith that although Nicodemus is "a teacher of Israel, (he) is not yet in a position to converse with Jesus, because he has not attained knowledge of who Jesus really is. Jesus cannot be understood by old standards....."(101). This new knowledge seems to bring about again the idea that in order for all things to go accordingly, Jesus must be the new that replaces the old. In this scenario Nicodemus is playing the role of old standards and teachings that must be redone and renewed. In order for Jesus to take his rightful place, Nicodemus' way of thinking must change. If he is a symbol of the old teachings of Judaism, then maybe what this passage in John is saying is that the Jewish teachings, which once used to be valid, are not so valid anymore, with respect to Jesus and the new replacing the old. In addition to the above symbolism embodied by Nicodemus, he quite possibly embodies those who are interested in Jesus' teachings today. Many people educate themselves in a quest to attain as much knowledge as possible but yet still cannot comprehend the teachings and principles that Jesus teaches and represents. Even to the smartest of people, Jesus can still be an enigma.

The symbolism continues through the reference to Nicodemus coming to Jesus "by night". Light and dark have been interpreted to symbolize both good and evil as well as the idea of new and old. The fact that Nicodemus comes to Jesus furthers the interpretation that Nicodemus is not yet in position to converse with Jesus. D. Moody Smith says this is because he has not attained knowledge of who Jesus really is yet. Furthering the symbolism, Smith continues, " Jesus cannot be understood by old standards, even those of the traditional Judaism represented by Nicodemus. He is God's new and final revelation to Israel."(Smith 101)

John the Baptist Vs. Jesus  In the second part of chapter three the reader is introduced to a dialogue between John the Baptist and his own disciples, regarding himself and Jesus, and who has the right to baptize followers. Although John's disciples believe in him, he says that he was put here to bear witness to Jesus, he has been sent in advance of Jesus. He further tells them that Jesus is the one that comes from above and is over all others. Jesus has been sent from God and "must go on increasing, while I must go on decreasing" (John 3:30). His disciples must realize and accept this fact.

Chapter 3 of John explains the main belief of the Christian faith. This chapter details how Jesus came into the world so that mankind would know the nature and character of God. It also refutes many of the long-held beliefs the Jews had had about God being an angry punishing God. They believed God punished people for all sorts of sins without there being a loving side to God. Jesus' speech to Nicodemus shows that God is a loving God.


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Improvisational Acting/Rules/Music

The Main Rules
If you're just learning Improv, 'This below are some rules copied from 'the main rules of improvisation in theater', take a look and realize, this works for the creation of improvised music too. just rhetorically speaking.' here are the main rules that you should be concerned about.

Yes, and...
Often considered the main rule of Improv, all it says is that you are not allowed to accuse anything that anybody else said is false. Instead, add on to it.. For example, here is an example of a scene where "Yes, and..." is not used:

SUGGESTION: tournament

1: Alright, are you ready to tee off? 2: What are you talking about? We're not on a golf course, we're at a basketball court! The scene is instantly killed, because there's nowhere for player 1 to go with the scene. Here's an example of "Yes, and..." used correctly:

1: Alright, are you ready to tee off? 2: Yeah, but I'm pretty nervous. It's the last hole, and I'm ahead by 2 strokes. Player 2 has now added on to the scene, and developed a problem and a place for the scene to go.

Don't Try To Be Funny
Very important, especially for beginning improvisers. Don't try to be funny. Humor will come naturally out of the scene without any effort. Just try to act out the scene, and the game or elements will add humor. For example, which of these is funnier:

SUGGESTION: cheerleader and car

1: Aw man, my car ran out of gas, and I'm all out of money. 2: I'll give you a dollar if you make me laugh. 1: Poop. Both players 1 and 2 tried to be "funny", and ended up making a stupid scene. Instead, look at the following scene, where people just act the scene out naturally.

1: Aw man, my car ran out of gas, and I'm all out of money. I guess I'll have to dance for money at this bar. 2: What are you doing? 1: Alright? Ready? Okay! {does cheerleading routine} 2: What is going on? 1: Alright! Anybody? Tips? Anybody? The scene is funny because it's a situation that we don't normally see, and not because everybody was trying to be funny.

Playing Off Lines
Don't go into a scene with a set agenda. Instead, listen to what other people say, and base your next line off of that. Here's an example where people have gone into the scene with set agendas:

SUGGESTION: spies

1: Alright, the Queen's given us her directions. Let's go. 2: Let's go get the diamond! 1: Uh oh, we need to go through a pit of snakes! It is almost like two scenes are going on at the same time, with neither person listening to each other. Here's an example of "Playing Off Lines" used correctly:

1: Alright, the Queen's given us her directions. Let's go. 2: I just need to know why the Queen needs this diamond. 1: I don't think that it's important, it's just that she wants to mount it on her ring. Now that the two actors are listening to each other, the scene takes shape, and humor.

title: Improvisational Acting/Rules/Music


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Regular Expressions/Syntaxes

There are several variants of regular expressions. These variants differ not only in their concrete syntax but also in their capabilities. Individual tools that support regular expressions also have their own peculiarities.

 * ../Simple Regular Expressions/ - widely used for backwards compatibility, but deprecated on POSIX-compliant systems.
 * ../Basic Regular Expressions/ - used by some Unix shell tools
 * ../Perl-Compatible Regular Expressions/ - used by Perl and some application programs
 * ../POSIX Basic Regular Expressions/ - provides extensions for consistency between utility programs. These extensions are not supported by some traditional implementations of Unix tools.
 * ../POSIX-Extended Regular Expressions/ - may be supported by some Unix utilities via the -E command line switch
 * ../Non-POSIX Basic Regular Expressions/ - provides additional character classes not supported by POSIX
 * ../Emacs Regular Expressions/ - used by the Emacs editor
 * ../Shell Regular Expressions/ - a limited form of regular expression used for pattern matching and filename substitution

Greedy expressions
Quantifiers such as * and + match as much as they can: they are greedy. For some uses, their greediness does not fit. For example, let as assume you want to find the first string enclosed in quotation marks, in the following text:

 * These words include "cat", "mat", and "pat".

The pattern  matches the italicized part of the text below, that is, "cat", "mat", and "pat" instead of the desired "cat":
 * These words include "cat", "mat", and "pat".

To fix this, some flavours of regular expressions provide non-greedy operators such as *?, +?, and }?. In PHP, adding a "U" at the end of the regexp makes the quantifier non-greedy, as in. In flavours that support neither of the two options, you can specify what is not to be matched, as in  to fix the discussed example. However, when dealing with bracketed expressions,  fails to match on A B C D E] F G.

Comparison table
A comparison table or matrix that shows which features or flavors of regular expressions are available in which tool or programming language is available from regular-expressions.info.

title: Regular Expressions/Syntaxes


text:
This Quantum World/Appendix/Calculus

Differential calculus: a very brief introduction
Another method by which we can obtain a well-defined, finite number from infinitesimal quantities is to divide one such quantity by another.

We shall assume throughout that we are dealing with well-behaved functions, which means that you can plot the graph of such a function without lifting up your pencil, and you can do the same with each of the function's derivatives. So what is a function, and what is the derivative of a function?

A function $$f(x)$$ is a machine with an input and an output. Insert a number $$x$$ and out pops the number $$f(x).$$ Rather confusingly, we sometimes think of $$f(x)$$ not as a machine that churns out numbers but as the number churned out when $$x$$ is inserted.

The (first) derivative $$f'(x)$$ of $$f(x)$$ is a function that tells us how much $$f(x)$$ increases as $$x$$ increases (starting from a given value of $$x,$$ say $$x_0$$) in the limit in which both the increase $$\Delta x$$ in $$x$$ and the corresponding increase $$\Delta f =f(x+\Delta x)-f(x)$$ in $$f(x)$$ (which of course may be negative) tend toward 0:

f'(x_0)=\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow0}{\Delta f\over\Delta x}={df\over dx}(x_0).$$

The above diagrams illustrate this limit. The ratio $$\Delta f/\Delta x$$ is the slope of the straight line through the black circles (that is, the $$\tan$$ of the angle between the positive $$x$$ axis and the straight line, measured counterclockwise from the positive $$x$$ axis). As $$\Delta x$$ decreases, the black circle at $$x+\Delta x$$ slides along the graph of $$f(x)$$ towards the black circle at $$x,$$ and the slope of the straight line through the circles increases. In the limit $$\Delta x\rightarrow 0,$$ the straight line becomes a tangent on the graph of $$f(x),$$ touching it at $$x.$$ The slope of the tangent on $$f(x)$$ at $$x_0$$ is what we mean by the slope of $$f(x)$$ at $$x_0.$$

So the first derivative $$f'(x)$$ of $$f(x)$$ is the function that equals the slope of $$f(x)$$ for every $$x.$$ To differentiate a function $$f$$ is to obtain its first derivative $$f'.$$ By differentiating $$f',$$ we obtain the second derivative $$f=\frac{d^2f}{dx^2}$$ of $$f,$$ by differentiating $$f$$ we obtain the third derivative $$f'''=\frac{d^3f}{dx^3},$$ and so on.

It is readily shown that if $$a$$ is a number and $$f$$ and $$g$$ are functions of $$x,$$ then

{d(af)\over dx}=a{df\over dx}$$  and   $${d(f+g)\over dx}={df\over dx}+{dg\over dx}.$$

A slightly more difficult problem is to differentiate the product $$e=fg$$ of two functions of $$x.$$ Think of $$f$$ and $$g$$ as the vertical and horizontal sides of a rectangle of area $$e.$$ As $$x$$ increases by $$\Delta x,$$ the product $$fg$$ increases by the sum of the areas of the three white rectangles in this diagram:

In other "words",

\Delta e = f(\Delta g)+(\Delta f)g+(\Delta f)(\Delta g)$$

and thus

\frac{\Delta e}{\Delta x} = f\,\frac{\Delta g}{\Delta x}+\frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x}\,g+ \frac{\Delta f\,\Delta g}{\Delta x}.$$

If we now take the limit in which $$\Delta x$$ and, hence, $$\Delta f$$ and $$\Delta g$$ tend toward 0, the first two terms on the right-hand side tend toward $$fg'+f'g.$$ What about the third term? Because it is the product of an expression (either $$\Delta f$$ or $$\Delta g$$) that tends toward 0 and an expression (either $$\Delta g/\Delta x$$ or $$\Delta f/\Delta x$$) that tends toward a finite number, it tends toward 0. The bottom line:

e' = (fg)' = fg' + f'g.$$

This is readily generalized to products of $$n$$ functions. Here is a special case:

(f^n)'=f^{n-1}\,f'+f^{n-2}\,f'\,f+f^{n-3}\,f'\,f^2+\cdots+f'\,f^{n-1}=n\,f^{n-1}f'.$$

Observe that there are $$n$$ equal terms between the two equal signs. If the function $$f$$ returns whatever you insert, this boils down to

(x^n)'=n\,x^{n-1}.$$

Now suppose that $$g$$ is a function of $$f$$ and $$f$$ is a function of $$x.$$ An increase in $$x$$ by $$\Delta x$$ causes an increase in $$f$$ by $$\Delta f\approx\frac{df}{dx}\Delta x,$$ and this in turn causes an increase in $$g$$ by $$\Delta g\approx\frac{dg}{df}\Delta f.$$ Thus $$\frac{\Delta g}{\Delta x}\approx\frac{dg}{df}\frac{df}{dx}.$$ In the limit $$\Delta x\rightarrow0$$ the $$\approx$$ becomes a $$=$$ :

{dg\over dx}={dg\over df}{df\over dx}.$$

We obtained $$(x^n)'=n\,x^{n-1}$$ for integers $$n\geq2.$$ Obviously it also holds for $$n=0$$ and $$n=1.$$
 * 1) Show that it also holds for negative integers $$n.$$ Hint: Use the product rule to calculate $$(x^nx^{-n})'.$$
 * 2) Show that $$(\sqrt x)'=1/(2\sqrt x).$$ Hint: Use the product rule to calculate $$(\sqrt x\sqrt x)'.$$
 * 3) Show that $$(x^n)'=n\,x^{n-1}$$ also holds for $$n=1/m$$ where $$m$$ is a natural number.
 * 4) Show that this equation also holds if $$n$$ is a rational number. Use $${dg\over dx}={dg\over df}{df\over dx}.$$

Since every real number is the limit of a sequence of rational numbers, we may now confidently proceed on the assumption that $$(x^n)'=n\,x^{n-1}$$ holds for all real numbers $$n.$$

title: This Quantum World/Appendix/Calculus


text:
Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Qualities of a good youth leader

A good youth leader will be:
 * 1) Patient
 * 2) Loving
 * 3) Well-prepared
 * 4) Flexible
 * 5) Punctual
 * 6) Responsible
 * 7) Mature
 * 8) Organized
 * 9) Merciful
 * 10) Fair
 * 11) Decisive
 * 12) Enthusiastic
 * 13) Passionate
 * 14) Compassionate
 * 15) Committed
 * 16) Persuasive
 * 17) Courageous
 * 18) Selfless

|


text:
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Processes

Chapter 0: Introduction
/Introduction/
 * Purpose of the Book
 * Formatting of the Book
 * Invitation to Contribute

Chapter 1: Prerequisites
/Units/

 * Base unit types
 * Consistency and Systems of units
 * How to convert between units
 * Dimensional analysis as a check on equations

/Significant figures/

 * Why do they matter? The parable of an expensive cement block.
 * How to compute them when we're adding
 * How to compute them when we're multiplying
 * When do you round 5 down? And why not just round it up like the elementary school teachers taught you?

/General chemistry review/

 * Stoichiometry and Moles vs. Grams
 * Ideal Gas Law
 * Enthalpies and Entropies of Formation

/Chapter 1 Practice Problems/

Chapter 2: Elementary mass balances
/What is a mass balance?/

 * Black box approach
 * Conservation of mass
 * General conservation equation
 * How that conservation equation will apply to this class
 * Some notation
 * The final result

/Converting Information into Mass Flows/
 * Introduction: Easily-measurable vs. derived variables
 * Volumetric flow and Density
 * Velocity and Cross-sectional Area
 * Mass flows vs. Molar flows

/How to use the mass balance/
 * More complex example, 1-component streams and multiple operations
 * Drawing flowcharts
 * Some basic conversions and strategies
 * Overall balances vs. balances on single operations

/Chapter 2 Practice Problems/

Chapter 3: Mass balances on multicomponent systems
/The most important point/:
 * Mass of each species is conserved (when there's no reaction)
 * The use of concentrations and total flows
 * Bulk mixture properties

/Problem Solving with Multiple Components/
 * General methods and tips
 * Conversions between Units.
 * Example Problem with Solution

/Multiple Components in Multiple Processes/
 * Things in reality are often considerably more complex.
 * Degree of Freedom Analysis.
 * Example of a more complex problem

/Chapter 3 Practice Problems/

Chapter 4: Mass balances with recycle
/Why use recycle?/
 * Conserve resources
 * Increase yield
 * Save space
 * Save money

/How to Analyze a Recycle System/
 * Use of combination and splitting points in balances
 * Words of caution with regards to degree of freedom analysis
 * An example of the effect of recycle on a separation process.

/Example: A simple system with recycle/
 * Displays another application of recycle.

/Chapter 4 Practice Problems/

Chapter 5: Mass/mole balances in reacting systems
/Why use mole balances?/
 * Review of reaction stoichiometry
 * Lack of a "law of conservation of moles"
 * Molar extents of reaction
 * Steady-State Molecular mole balance equation

/Problem considerations with molecular balances/
 * Degrees of Freedom
 * Independent and dependent chemical reactions
 * Inerts versus Reactive Species
 * Equilibrium constants (introduction/review from general chem)
 * Extent of Reaction is still Extent of Reaction
 * Example Problem without equilibrium
 * Example Problem with equilibrium

/Reactions with Recycle/
 * Example of how a separation process can be used to improve efficiency.

/Atom balances/
 * Conservation of moles of atoms
 * The general idea
 * Some specific examples
 * Advantages and shortcomings of the atom balance method

/Chapter 5 Practice Problems/

Chapter 6: Multiple-phase systems, introduction to phase equilibrium
/Non-Ideal Gas-Phase Analysis/
 * Ideal Gas assumption, not law
 * Concept of Equations of State
 * Alternative Equations to the Ideal Gas Equation

/Non-Ideal Liquid-Phase Analysis/
 * Activity Coefficients
 * Solubility Coefficients

/Fundamentals of Phase Equilibrium/
 * Gibbs energy
 * Fugacity and fugacity coefficients

/Mixtures/
 * What is different for a mixture?
 * Partial properties
 * Properties of ideal mixtures (liquid and gas)
 * Equality of partial fugacities in all phases at equilibrium

/Vapor-Liquid equilibrium/
 * Ideal gases and ideal solutions (to do: move this to the "mixtures" section)
 * Vapor pressure; Antoinne equation
 * Raoult's Law (VLE)
 * VLE for non-ideal systems
 * VLE charts

/Liquid-Liquid equilibrium/
 * Immiscible fluids
 * Miscible fluids: Separation constant, K
 * Use of acid/base reactions in separation
 * LLE charts

/Generalized Correlations/
 * Critical Constants
 * Generalized Forms of the Equations of State
 * Generalized Compressibility Charts
 * Kay's Rule

/Solving problems/
 * Bubble points and dew points
 * Solving for equilibrium concentrations, temperature, and pressure
 * Use of equilibrium equations in solving mass balances

/Chapter 6 Practice Problems/

Chapter 7: Energy balances on non-reacting systems
/Steady state energy balance/
 * Idea behind energy balance: conservation of energy
 * Types of energy that might be important
 * Most common types of energy
 * Energy change due to flows
 * Energy change due to temperature changes
 * Energy change due to PE and KE differences
 * Heat and work
 * Actual steady state Energy balance equation (for open and closed systems)

/Use of the steady state energy balance/
 * Heat Capacity of an Ideal Gas
 * Reference Values
 * Methods for calculating heat transfer

/Unsteady state energy and mass balances/
 * Understanding "accumulation"
 * Unsteady-state mass balance (discretized)
 * Discretized unsteady-state mass balance
 * A glimpse of things to come

( A note: there are many, many, many different forms of the energy balance out there for specific situations, this one is somewhat general but does not get into internals of the system at all and thus cant tell us about local temperature profiles and stuff like that. Also, this is most useful form for heat-dominated processes; for mostly mechanical processes a different form is more useful)

 * Open and Closed-system problems (examples)

Chapter 8: Combining energy and mass balances in non-reacting systems

 * The basic idea

 * Most common unknowns
 * What is in common between the balances?

 * Several example problems illustrating how to combine these two concepts.

 * Without phase change
 * With phase change

Chapter 9: Introduction to energy balances on reacting systems

 * What's different for a reacting system?

 * Incorporating heat of reaction into the energy balance
 * Putting it all together: steady-state mass/energy balance problem with reaction(s)

Appendix 1: Useful Mathematical Methods
/Basic Statistics and Data Analysis/
 * Linear Regression
 * Transformation of functions into linear form (linearization)
 * Interpolation and Extrapolation

/Numerical Root Finding Methods/
 * Fixed Point and Weighted Fixed-Point Iteration
 * Bisection Method
 * Regula Falsi
 * Tangent (Newton) Method

/Systems of algebraic equations/

 * Explanation of Systems and Solvability
 * General strategies
 * Specific instances: linear equations, quadratic equations
 * Example Solutions from This Text

/Different Ways to Plot Data/
 * How to choose a scale
 * Linearization's use in graphing
 * Alternate axes: Log-log and semi-log plots
 * Common plot types:
 * Parity plots
 * Residual plots

/Mathematical Methods Practice Problems/

Appendix 2: Problem Solving using Computers
/Excel/
 * Data entry
 * Manipulation and Graphing of Data
 * Regression Analysis
 * Goal seek

/MATLAB/
 * Solving systems of equations with symbolic math toolbox
 * Linear and Polynomial Regression
 * Plotting functions and data points

Appendix 3: Miscellaneous Useful Information
/Measurement of System Variables/
 * Direct measurement methods for flow rates (bucket and timer, flow meters, etc.)
 * Measurement methods for pressure or pressure drop (manometer, barometer, etc.)
 * Measurement of velocity (orifice meters, venturi meters, etc.)
 * Measurement of concentration (GC, titrations, etc.)
 * Measurement of temperature (types of thermocouples and thermometers)

/Unusual Units/
 * Standard vs. Actual Volume
 * Types of Moles Other than gram-mole
 * Gauge Pressure vs. Absolute Pressure
 * Pounds-Force vs. Pounds-Mass

/Unit Operation Reference/
 * Equipment Description Summaries
 * Links to Further Information

Chemical Information Sources

Appendix 4: Notational Guide
/Notation/
 * Notation used in this book
 * Warning about non-uniformity of notation across sources

Appendix 5: Further Reading
Chapra, S. and Canale, R. 2002. Numerical Methods for Engineers, 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Felder, R.M. and Rousseau, R.W. 2000. Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Masterton, W. and Hurley, C. 2001. Chemistry Principles and Reactions, 4th ed. New York: Harcourt.

Perry, R.H. and Green, D. 1984. Perry's Chemical Engineers Handbook, 6th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Windholz et al. 1976. The Merck Index, 9th ed. New Jersey: Merck.

General Chemistry: For a more in-depth analysis of general chemistry

Matlab: For more information on how to use MATLAB to solve problems.

Numerical Methods: For more details on the rootfinding module and other fun math (warning: it's written at a fairly advanced level)

Himmelblau, D. M. and Riggs, J. B. 2004. "Basic Principles and Calculations in Chemical Engineering", 7th ed. New York: Prentice Hall

Appendix 6: External Links
Data Tables

Unit conversion table (Wikipedia)

Enthalpies of Formation (Wikipedia)

Periodic Table (Los Alamos National Laboratory)

Periodic Table (Ptable.com)

Chemical Sciences Data Tables: Has a fair amount of useful data, including a fairly comprehensive List of Standard Entropies, and Gibbs Energies at 25oC (also a list for ions), a chart with molar masses of the elements, acid equilibrium constants, solubility products, and electric potentials. Definitely one to check out.

NIST properties: You can look up properties of many common substances, including water, many light hydrocarbons, and many gases. Data available can include density, enthalpy, entropy, Pitzer acentric factor, surface tension, Joule-Thompson coefficients, and several other variables depending on the substance and conditions selected. To see the data in tabular form, once you enter the temperature and pressure ranges you want, click "view table" and then select the property you want from the pull-down menu. It'll tell you acceptable ranges.

Generalized compressibility chart: This is very useful in the section on gases and liquids, and you should be able to find a copy of this chart in any thermodynamics book or in Perry's handbook. I've linked here so you have some clue what I'm talking about when I write about it.

Critical constants for various materials

SIRCh: Physical Property Searches (Selected Internet Resources)

Operaciones Básicas வேதிப் பொறியியல் செயல்முறைகள் - ஓர் அறிமுகம் Introdução aos Processos da Engenharia Química


text:
Advanced Mathematics for Engineers and Scientists/Nondimensionalization

Introduction
You may have noticed something possibly peculiar about all of the problems so far dealt with: "simple" numbers like $$0$$ or $$1$$ keep appearing in BCs and elsewhere. For example, we've so far dealt with BCs such as:

u(0, t) = 0\, $$

u(1, t) = 0\, $$

Is this meant to simplify this book because the author is lazy? No. Well, actually, the author is lazy, but it's really the result of what's known as nondimensionalization.

On a basic level, nondimensionalization does two things:

 * Gets all units out of the problem.
 * Makes relevant variables range from $$0$$ to $$1$$ or so.

The second point has very serious implications which will have to wait for later. We'll talk about getting units out of the problem for now: important because most natural functions don't have any meaning when fed a unit. For example, $$\sin(2.0 s)$$ is a goofy expression which doesn't mean anything at all (consider its Taylor expansion if you're not convinced).

Do not misunderstand: you can solve any problem you like keeping units in place. That's why angular velocity has units of Hz ($$s^{-1}$$), so then $$\sin(2.0 Hz t)$$ has meaning if $$t$$ is in seconds (or can be made to be).

A motivation for nondimensionalization can be seen by noting that ratios of variables to dimensions ("dimension" includes both a size and a unit) have a tendency to show up again and again. Examine what happens if steady state parallel plate flow (an ODE) with the walls separated by $$D$$, not $$1$$, is solved:

\frac{d^2 u}{d y^2} = \frac{P_x}{\nu \rho}\, $$

u(0) = 0\, $$

u(D) = 0\, $$

Let's keep the dimensions of $$y$$ and $$L$$ unspecified for now. Solving this BVP:

\frac{d^2 u}{d y^2} = \frac{P_x}{\nu \rho} \qquad \Rightarrow \qquad u = \frac{P_x}{2 \nu \rho}y^2 + C_1 y + C_0\, $$

u(0) = 0 = \frac{P_x}{2 \nu \rho} \cdot 0^2 + C_1 \cdot 0 + C_0 \qquad \Rightarrow \qquad C_0 = 0\, $$

u(D) = 0 = \frac{P_x}{2 \nu \rho} D^2 + C_1 D \qquad \Rightarrow \qquad C_1 = -\frac{P_x}{2 \nu \rho} D\, $$

 * $$\Big\Downarrow$$

u(y) = \frac{P_x}{2 \nu \rho} (y^2 - D y)\, $$

 * $$\Big\Downarrow$$

u(y) = \frac{D^2 P_x}{2 \nu \rho} \left(\left(\frac{y}{D}\right)^2 - \frac{y}{D}\right)\, $$

Note that we have $$y/D$$ showing up. Not a coincidence; this implies that the dimensionless problem (or at least halfway dimensionless. We haven't discussed the dimensions of $$u$$) could be setup by altering the $$y$$ variable:

\hat y = \frac{y}{D}\, $$

$$\hat y$$ is the normalized version of $$y$$, it ranges from $$0$$ to $$1$$ where $$y$$ varies from $$0$$ to $$D$$. It is said that $$y$$ is scaled by $$L$$.

This new variable may be substituted into the problem:

u(\hat y) = \frac{D^2 P_x}{2 \nu \rho} (\hat y^2 - \hat y)\, $$

Since the new variable contains no unit, it should be obvious that the rational coefficient must have units of velocity if $$u$$ is to have units of velocity. With this in mind, the coefficient may be divided:

\frac{u(\hat y)}{\cfrac{D^2 P_x}{2 \nu \rho}} = \hat y^2 - \hat y\, $$

We may define another new variable, a nondimensional velocity:

\hat u = \frac{u(\hat y)}{\cfrac{D^2 P_x}{2 \nu \rho}}\, $$

Substituting this into the equation:

\hat u(\hat y) = \hat y^2 - \hat y\, $$

It's finally time to ask an important question: Why?

There are many benefits. The original problem involved 4 parameters: viscosity, density, pressure gradient, and wall separation distance. In this fully nondimensionalized solution, there happens to be none such parameters. The shortened equation above completely describes the behavior of the solution, it contains all of the relevant information.

The solution of one nondimensional problem is far more useful then the solution of a specific dimensional problem. This is especially true if the problem only yields a numeric solution: solving the nondimensional problem greatly reduces the number of charts and graphs that need to be made since you've reduced the number of parameters that could affect the solution.

This leads to another important question, and the culmination of this chapter: here, we first solved a generic dimensional problem and then nondimensionalized it. This luxury wouldn't be available with a more complicated problem. Could it have been nondimensionalized beforehand? Yep. Recalling the BVP:

\frac{d^2 u}{d y^2} = \frac{P_x}{\nu \rho}\, $$

u(0) = 0\, $$

u(D) = 0\, $$

Note that $$y$$ varies from $$0$$ to $$D$$ in the domain we're interested in. For this reason, it is natural to scale $$y$$ with $$D$$:

\hat y = \frac{y}{D}\, $$

Note that we could have just as well scaled $$y$$ with numbers like $$\pi D$$ or e10.0687 D and still ended up with $$y$$ nondimensionalized and everything mathematically sound. However, $$D$$ alone was the best choice since the resulting variable $$\hat y$$ would vary from $$0$$ to $$1$$. With this choice of scale, the variable is called normalized in addition to being nondimensional; being normalized is a desirable attribute for mathematic simplicity, accurate numeric evaluation, sense of scale, and other reasons.

What about $$u$$? The character of $$y$$ was known, the same can't be said for $$u$$ (why are we solving problems in the first place?). Let's come up with a name for the unknown scale of $$u$$, say $$u_s$$, and normalize $$u$$ using this unknown constant:

\hat u = \frac{u}{u_s} \qquad \Rightarrow \qquad u = u_s \hat u\, $$

Using the chain rule, the new variables may be put into the ODE:

\frac{d u}{d y} = \frac{d}{d y}(u) = \frac{d}{d y}(u_s \hat u) = u_s \frac{d \hat u}{d y} = u_s \frac{d \hat u}{d \hat y} \cdot \frac{d \hat y}{d y} = u_s \frac{d \hat u}{d \hat y} \cdot \frac{d}{d y}\left(\frac{y}{D}\right) = \frac{u_s}{D} \frac{d \hat u}{d \hat y}\, $$

\frac{d^2 u}{d y^2} = \frac{d}{d y}\left(\frac{d u}{d y}\right) = \frac{d}{d y}\left(\frac{u_s}{D} \frac{d \hat u}{d \hat y}\right) = \frac{u_s}{D} \frac{d}{d y}\left(\frac{d \hat u}{d \hat y}\right) = \frac{u_s}{D} \frac{d}{d \hat y}\left(\frac{d \hat u}{d \hat y}\right) \cdot \frac{d \hat y}{d y} = \frac{u_s}{D} \frac{d^2 \hat u}{d \hat y^2} \cdot \frac{d}{d y}\left(\frac{y}{D}\right) = \frac{d^2 u}{d y^2} = \frac{u_s}{D^2} \frac{d^2 \hat u}{d \hat y^2} \, $$

 * $$\Big\Downarrow$$

\frac{d^2 u}{d y^2} = \frac{u_s}{D^2} \frac{d^2 \hat u}{d \hat y^2}\, $$

So we have our derivative now. It may be substituted into the ODE:

\frac{d^2 u}{d y^2} = \frac{P_x}{\nu \rho}\, $$

\frac{u_s}{D^2} \frac{d^2 \hat u}{d \hat y^2} = \frac{P_x}{\nu \rho}\, $$

u_s \frac{d^2 \hat u}{d \hat y^2} = \frac{D^2 P_x}{\nu \rho}\, $$

Remember that $$u_s$$ was some constant pulled out of thin air. Hence, it can be anything we want it to be. To nondimensionalize the equation and simplify it as much as possible, we may pick:

u_s = \frac{D^2 P_x}{\nu \rho}\, $$

So that the ODE will become:

\frac{d^2 \hat u}{d \hat y^2} = 1\, $$

The BCs are homogeneous, so they simplify easily. Noting that $$\hat y = 1$$ when $$y = D$$:

\hat u(0) = 0\, $$

\hat u(1) = 0\, $$

This may now be quickly solved:

\frac{d^2 \hat u}{d \hat y^2} = 1 \qquad \Rightarrow \qquad \hat u = \frac{\hat y^2}{2} + C_1 \hat y + C_0\, $$

\hat u(0) = 0 = \frac{0^2}{2} + C_1 \cdot 0 + C_0 \qquad \Rightarrow \qquad C_0 = 0\, $$

\hat u(1) = 0 = \frac{1^2}{2} + C_1 \cdot 1 \qquad \Rightarrow \qquad C_1 = -\frac{1}{2}\, $$

 * $$\Big\Downarrow$$

\hat u(\hat y) = \frac{1}{2}(\hat y^2 - \hat y)\, $$

So this isn't quite the same as the nondimensional solution developed from the dimensional solution: there's a factor of $$1/2$$ on the right side. Consequently, $$u_s$$ is missing the $$2$$. It's not a problem, both developments solve the problem and nondimensionalize it. Note that in doing this, we got the following result before even solving the BVP:

u_s = \frac{D^2 P_x}{\nu \rho}\, $$

This tells much about the size of the velocity.

Before closing this chapter, it's worth mentioning that, generally, if $$\hat u = u u_s + C_u$$ and $$\hat y = y y_s + C_y$$, where $$u_s$$, $$y_s$$, $$C_u$$, and $$C_y$$ are all constants,

\frac{\partial^n u}{\partial y^n} = \frac{\partial^n \hat u}{\partial \hat y^n} \cdot \frac{u_s}{y_s^n}\, $$

Leibniz notation is definitely a good thing.


text:
Talk:Drugs:Fact and Fiction/Ritalin

I'm sorry, but what this person has posted is so indescribably irresponsible-- can any kind of note be added to reflect my informed opinion about it? This comment, especially, made me furious: "This drug is awesome if you need an extra push to get ahead." Or maybe "just when I really need that extra boost" is even worse, if possible!! However, I could not wish anything worse on this remarkably foolish person than what he will experience if he keeps this up. This drug is NOT for a casual experimenter to play around with!! It is only appropriate for people like me, who have been diagnosed with Adult ADD by a licensed psychiatrist and who have been prescribed Focalin under his supervision. For me, it's a miracle, precisely because I do NOT experience the high, the speediness, and the crash described here. It gives me a functional brain, and that's it. Descriptions like this can lead laypeople to believe that us ADD and ADHD folks have found some kind of crafty way to get speed by prescription so we can all get high, but that is not the case at all. We DON'T experience it the way people with normal brains do! I would really like to see some information on Wiki that reflects our reality and the *medical* reality of atypical vs. normal reaction to psychostimulants.

Thanks for your time, Wiki editors, and all the good work that you do...

Cathy Danielson —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 71.228.235.161 (talk • contribs) 05:53, 1 Feb 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Drugs:Fact and Fiction/Ritalin


text:
User talk:24.128.32.168

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text:
JET Database

The Microsoft JET Database Engine, or simply JET, is a database engine that was distributed widely by Microsoft but is now deprecated. As such, finding information on programming JET databases is becoming more and more difficult. This book attempts to remedy that by presenting necessary information about JET for programmers and database administrators.

This book assumes that the reader already has familiarity with SQL and requires a reference specifically for the JET database engine. Readers unfamiliar with SQL should first refer to the more generic database book Structured Query Language.

Introduction

 * What is JET?
 * Reasons for not using JET
 * Why this book is still needed
 * Alternatives

/Creating and connecting/

 * Creating a JET database
 * Compacting a JET database
 * Connecting to a JET database
 * DAO vs SQL

/Data types/

 * Text types
 * Numeric types
 * Boolean (Yes/No)
 * Dates and times
 * Counters
 * BLOBs

/Object names and constants/

 * Naming objects in the database
 * Qualifying special names
 * Constants
 * Reserved words

/Data integrity/

 * Constraints
 * Transactions
 * Locking

/Security/

 * Database password
 * Users, groups, permissions
 * Encryption

/Data definition language/

 * Creating and dropping tables
 * Constraints
 * Indexing
 * Security

Updates and queries

 * /Select/
 * /Insert/
 * /Update/
 * /Delete/

/Functions/

 * Scalar functions
 * Aggregate functions

/Views and stored procedures/

 * Views
 * Stored procedures
 * Alternatives

/Manipulation tools/

 * Access
 * Visual Studio
 * JetSQLConsole
 * PlaneDisaster.NET
 * CUTE
 * MDB Tools

/Integration and migration/

 * Exporting to files
 * Microsoft DTS and SSIS
 * JET replication

/Design tools/

 * Managing JET using Microsoft Visio

/Index/

 * Index to statements, functions, data types

/Contributors/

 * Contributors to this book

title: JET Database


text:
Talk:JET Database

Just started
I've just started this book, and it's time for dinner. Please note that the whilst it is only a table of contents for now, it will grow over the next couple of weeks. I'm so frustrated at having to pick up this nasty little database again, with bugger all documentation on its peculiarities, that I want to record once and for all how to use this little bugger just in case I (or anyone else) ever need to use it again. Webaware talk 08:38, 1 February 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:JET Database


text: Category:Book:JET Database

title: Category:Book:JET Database


text:
This Quantum World/Appendix/Taylor series

Taylor series
A well-behaved function can be expanded into a power series. This means that for all non-negative integers $$k$$ there are real numbers $$a_k$$ such that

f(x)=\sum_{k=0}^\infty a_kx^k=a_0+a_1x+a_2x^2+a_3x^3+a_4x^4+\cdots$$

Let us calculate the first four derivatives using $$(x^n)'=n\,x^{n-1}$$:

f'(x)=a_1+2\,a_2x+3\,a_3x^2+4\,a_4x^3+5\,a_5x^4+\cdots$$

f''(x)=2\,a_2+2\cdot3\,a_3x+3\cdot4\,a_4x^2+4\cdot5\,a_5x^3+\cdots $$

f'''(x)=2\cdot3\,a_3+2\cdot3\cdot4\,a_4x+3\cdot4\cdot5\,a_5x^2+\cdots $$

f(x)=2\cdot3\cdot4\,a_4+2\cdot3\cdot4\cdot5\,a_5x+\cdots$$

Setting $$x$$ equal to zero, we obtain

f(0)=a_0,\quad f'(0)=a_1,\quad f''(0)=2\,a_2,\quad f(0)=2\times3\,a_3,\quad f'(0)=2\times3\times4\,a_4. $$

Let us write $$f^{(n)}(x)$$ for the $$n$$-th derivative of $$f(x).$$ We also write $$f^{(0)}(x)=f(x)$$ — think of $$f(x)$$ as the "zeroth derivative" of $$f(x).$$ We thus arrive at the general result $$f^{(k)}(0)=k!\,a_k,$$ where the factorial $$k!$$ is defined as equal to 1 for $$k=0$$ and $$k=1$$ and as the product of all natural numbers $$n\leq k$$ for $$k>1.$$ Expressing the coefficients $$a_k$$ in terms of the derivatives of $$f(x)$$ at $$x=0,$$ we obtain

This is the Taylor series for $$f(x).$$

A remarkable result: if you know the value of a well-behaved function $$f(x)$$ and the values of all of its derivatives at the single point $$x=0$$ then you know $$f(x)$$ at all points $$x.$$ Besides, there is nothing special about $$x=0,$$ so $$f(x)$$ is also determined by its value and the values of its derivatives at any other point $$x_0$$:


text:
Talk:Guide to Unix/Explanations/Becoming Root

Restricting Use of su
Currently the section on this page titled Use su includes these two sentences:

"Some systems require that you join the wheel group to have access to su. The requirement is that your username be listed in /etc/group on the line for group 'wheel', group id zero. This requirement does not exist on some systems."

It seems reasonable to me to include a few sentences on how to create this requirement. Perhaps something like:

"One way to enact this requirement is to modify the file permissions on to only allow members of group 'wheel' to execute it. For example, my SUSE 10 installation originally had these permissions: -rwsr-xr-x 1 root root I changed them to: -rwsr-xr-- 1 root wheel" --Jarsyl 08:59, 1 February 2007 (UTC)


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User talk:Karmshil

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Good luck! -- Herby talk thyme 10:00, 1 February 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Karmshil


text:
User talk:KenO

Hello and welcome to Wikibooks!

Here are some tips to help you get started:
 * You should sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes, like this: ~~~~.
 * Remember to conduct any editing experiments in the sandbox.
 * If you're a Wikipedian, see Wikibooks for Wikipedians for a primer on how things work here (it's a little different).
 * If you want to base your work here on materials from Wikipedia, please use WB:RFI to bring the material over in compliance with the GFDL.
 * If you're an instructor and plan on using wikibooks for a class project, see Guidelines for class projects
 * Please say hello at the Staff Lounge with any questions or ideas.
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Please take a look at Naming policy before starting a new book.
 * Remember to maintain a Neutral point of view.
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and have fun!

You will find more resources in Community Portal. If you want to ask a question, visit the Study help desk, the Staff lounge, IRC channel or ask me personally on my talk page. For site news, see the Bulletin board. It might be an idea if you add this page to your "watchlist" so that you can see when any new information is posted there.

Good luck! -- Herby talk thyme 10:00, 1 February 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:KenO