text:
Talk:Discrete Mathematics/Introduction

Groups are usually considered introductory level, not advanced. Elementary group theory, I mean...

 * I think a consolidated and thorough treatment of group theory constitutes it being in the upper level section. However I might rearrange some things. Dysprosia 10:43, 21 Aug 2003 (UTC)

-

Groups are usually considered low level, but that doesn't necessarily mean they should be treated in the introductory part. Nonetheless, Groups probably shouldn't be called complex.

Anyway, what exactly is this introduction about? Is it an introduction
 * to the topic itself, i.e. discrete maths, or
 * to this book, i.e. the subset treated here, or
 * to this Wikibook, i.e. the way it's treated here?

 * A bit on the topic, and a bit on the Wikibook. Reworded intro. Dysprosia 07:29, 2 Feb 2004 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Discrete Mathematics/Introduction


text:
Esperanto/Authors

^ Esperanto ^ | About the book: Authors

The Esperanto textbook was started by Gabriel Beecham.

Other contributors have included:
 * LittleDan (only a few minor contributions)
 * Chuck SMITH (only a few minor contributions and Esperanto/Introduction)
 * Ben Goodger (Summary of grammar)
 * ThrashedParanoid (Word synthesis, Table of word endings, Table of affixes, and False friends)
 * DroEsperanto (A few minor contributions and Family)
 * Steele W. Farnsworth (Rewriting chapters for formatting and logical progression)

^ Esperanto ^ | About the book: Authors

title: Esperanto/Authors


text:
User:Gabriel Beecham~enwikibooks

Meta

en:User:Kwekubo, eo:Vikipediisto:Gabriel BEECHAM ...

title: User:Gabriel Beecham~enwikibooks


text:
Talk:Esperanto

Old issues
There are a lot of issue to sort out on this book, before we get going. -- Gabriel Beecham 17:11, 21 Aug 2003 (UTC)
 * Firstly, we need to choose a transcription system. Should it be Latin-3, Unicode, X-system... you know the rest...
 * How can we change the content to be more suitable for an Esperanto book? The original version came from the [[Spanish module. On that note, see the Talk:Spanish page.
 * Any suggestions for chapters?
 * Lastly, lets get writing!

 * This wiki is in UTF-8, you can type Unicode straight into it. (Aŭtomata X-konvertado estas starigita ĉe la esperantlingva vikipedio por faciligi la laboron por tiuj, kiuj ne ĝuste agordis sian komputilon por Esperanto, sed ĉi-momente neeblas tiun enŝalti por nura parto de la vikio. Eble iam poste, sed mi havas sufiĉe da laboro kaj restas multe farenda pri lingvoj en la vikisistemo...) --Brion VIBBER 05:40, 26 Sep 2003 (UTC)

 * Concerning the chapters, I don't think they are in the best order (and some of them aren't very relevant); for example, Traveling seems rather... inappropriately placed, seeing as what would usually be covered under that (riding taxis, catching flights, etc.) isn't something that is possible to use Esperanto for... Anyways, I was thinking that it would be good to stick in a chapter somewhere concerning describing people, places, etc., rather near the beginning, just to give the readers a basic vocabulary, so they feel like they're actually learning something... --travisg 00:08, 28 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Cxu mi bobe komprenas, ke ni povas komune verki Esperanto-libron, respektive lernolibron? Cxu la x-sistemo ne funkcias en Vikipedio suficxe bone? Mi pensas ke jes. Eble anstataux la libro-titolo "Esperanto" (kiu sonas al mi same kiel "La cxehxa lingvo") estas tro largxa temo. Eble ni devus verki plurajn elektronikajn librojn pri Esperanto, ekz. "Esperanto-lernolibro", "Esperanto-infolibro", "Esperanto-junularo", "Esperanto-enciklopedio"(mi pensas nun pri simila verko, kiu estis presita en 30-aj jaroj kaj iam en 1980 represita), "Esperanto-historio", ... cxu ne? Vikipediisto:Jan

 * Nu jes! Je la unua okulĵeto, ŝajnas al mi ke ĉi tiun paĝaron estas planita kiel lernolibro por anglalingvanoj. Se indas krei apartajn librojn pri specifaj temoj (kaj kompreneble por alilingvanoj), oni certe rajtas tion fari ankaŭ. --Brion VIBBER 05:40, 26 Sep 2003 (UTC)

-

Mi ne volas kritiki, sed rigardante nur la skeleton de la nuna libro, sxajnas al mi iom tro teda - ege similas al similaj libroj, el kiuj jam ekzistas multegaj, ecx sur rete (kelke da artikoloj, vortlistoj, vojagxo ktp ktp). Kial tiu cxi libro estas pli bona/utila? Cxu cxar gxi estos libera? Eble... tamen mi kredas ke indus pripensi cxu ne E-a lernolibro povus esti organizata en alia kaj pli novpensa maniero.

(mi ne regule venos cxi tien, se vi volas respondi, povas ankaux retposxti min al shaklev cxe gmx punkto net).

Stian

Move it over?
Esperanto is a different kind of language, and it serves a different function compared to natural languages such as Spanish. This book should not follow the generic language-learning-book template. That said, I think that this wiki may be the wrong place to start a "Learn Esperanto" book. It might work, but perhaps we should use Esperanto in the way it was intended... by making sure that we have a version in Esperanto to translate to other languages.

There is an Esperanto wikibooks wiki but I am apparently the only real user at the moment. In a fit of entheusiasm, I've gone and started a book there: La Esperanto Komensanta. How's the title?

--Rick MILLER 03:40, 7 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Sorry to nit-pick, but that should be Komencanta. 128.205.219.145 23:17, 18 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Interactive Activities
Hey Everyone --

I posted a link ( http://langwidge.com/esperanto.html ) to some activities I had made to the bottom of the wikibooks. If anyone knows of any way to incorporate them into the actual wikibook you totally have my permission to do so -- they've just been sitting on my hard drive unedited for 5 years now -- I couldn't find any way to use Flash in the WikiBook, though, so I just made a link.

~Ravi

btw, wikibooks would support the interactive activities if they were just sound. If anyone wants to try and make something similar as an ogg file, but didn't have the technical resources/skills, write me: ravip(at)mit(dot)edu

Slang appendix
I believe that would be very useful an appendix about how translate "American" slang to Esperanto.

Dankon

accusative case
In lesson one, you say "the accusative case ... will be covered in the next lesson", but it isn't. —— 212.139.34.221 21:29, 28 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Just fixed that. I went into Lesson 1 and put in a section on objects. Though it probably needs some expansion and revision.

DroEsperanto 04:34, 10 December 2005 (UTC)

wordlist?
Shouldn't Appendix C and Appendix D be ROOT lists, after all, you can make English, Englishman, English speaker, and English hater all out of the same root. I know the appendix hasn't been made, but before it is begun, shouldn't have a correct title? --ThrashedParanoid 01:18, 30 November 2005 (UTC)

No one else has said anything about what's going on with the two wordlist appendices, but regardless i have started reformatting them. Since the Esperanto-English appendix is already populated, i'm starting there. First, i am using templates rather than raw tables - which will make it much easier to change the styling if necessary, and allow for consistent styling across the whole book. Second, i have changed the style somewhat because the old style had way too much padding - each entry of the table took up three or four times the vertical space. Third, i have started adding styling to the sections that weren't styled (and were damn near illegible clumps of word soup) and fixed some broken code. i will work my way down the page - it should only take a couple of days - but once it's all done, the whole page will be in a single, regular format which can be easily changed into anything else you like. (Especially by script - just say what you want and i can change the whole list in minutes.) --Indiana (talk) 09:01, 11 September 2009 (UTC)

Lesson 4!
Hura! Lesson 4 is up! Though due to laziness, I have yet to add anything on the affectionate suffixes for male and female, nor have I said anything regarding "bo" or "pra". DroEsperanto 23:46, 10 December 2005 (UTC)

Amount of grammar
Since Esperanto has a very easy grammar, I don't think we have to introduce it almost all at once. Students get scared away if they have to read through 3 screens full of grammar explanations before they learn how to say anything in a language. When teaching German, French or Russian, it is quite difficult to teach students to say something without having to introduce a lot of grammar at once, particularly in the first lesson, but even that is doable (see my Wikibook BLL German). In Esperanto, it should be no problem at all to write a lesson introducing e. g. just -as and -o (no -n even at first since the word "Accusative" alone will send students of German or Russian running) and to do so in a natural conversation, for example a round of introductions at a congress. Keep in mind that this Wikibook should probably not look like a textbook used during an Esperanto course. Self-study has different demands on material than classroom study. The most crucial difference is that self-study books have to keep the students' motivation up. As soon as something appears too difficult or too boring, many students will stop studying the course or maybe stop studying the language altogether, since they're not at High School where they have to continue taking the class or write exams and they're not working with a private teacher whom they could ask for additional explanations or who could re-motivate them.

I believe the ideal structure for an Esperanto course would be:
 * 1) Text or Dialogue from a situation the student might find himself in (and yes, asking for the way or the like could be part of it, if you imagine a Pasporta Servo kind of situation of an international Esperanto-speaking visitor and a local speaker)
 * 2) Vocabulary
 * 3) Grammar
 * 4) Exercises for grammar and word usage
 * 5) Information about the Esperanto movement
 * 6) Maybe a list of additional vocabulary for those students who would like to have more words to use along the same patterns taught in the lesson. E. g. if the lesson teaches how to say that you're from a particular country, you wouldn't want to put in lots and lots of country names in the main vocabulary list of words that the student will absolutely have to know in the next lesson. Instead, you could put them in an optional vocabulary list, which the student can use to look up the name of his country and any country he is particularly interested in. Part of motivation is also the feeling that you aren't taught anything useless, only commonly-used vocabulary and vocabulary highly relevant to your own situation.

There is a Wikibook about creating good language-teaching Wikibooks, for those interested in more tips for coursebook-writing. And I tried summarising the approach that I found worked best for self-study courses in natural languages in the article Bite-sized language lessons.

Junesun 08:54, 22 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I believe that this would be a great structure to learn ANY language, not solely Esperanto. I would really appreciate it if someone were to add that 'additional vocabulary', since I just started learning Esperanto (like half an hour ago) and feel like the amount vocabulary is out of sink with the grammar (although all this grammar was still easy enough for me) and would like to learn more words to get into sink again. --JorisvS 11:22, 4 August 2006 (UTC)
 * I've already started the first extra vocabulary list in lesson 1, but I need someone to expand it. --JorisvS 11:34, 5 August 2006 (UTC)
 * To address JorisvS point - I need to have a good read of all this. I take the line below, but you do need some basic bits and pieces to make up sentences with.Stevebritgimp 19:51, 27 December 2006 (UTC)

Personally I disagree on the main point (in the gentlest possible way). The point of Esperanto is that it has an entirely regular grammar, and so grammar is easy to learn. If I were teaching Esperanto to a small group of people I would almost immediately talk about, say, the tenses - past and future. Now if you were learning French in school you wouldn't do tenses until the second year, or at least quite a few weeks or months down the line. I do very much agree that using the grammatical terms for things (like accusative) while fine on talk, should be avoided in lessons - in fact accusative itself is a mistake by Latin grammarians. Best use 'object'.

Following on from that I think the classic 'phrasebook' or 'expressions' approach is not ideal for Esperanto, given that it is international and don't have idiom.

A lot to discuss - I wonder if this is something that floats people's boat - Esperanto's great strength is its simplicity and that it illustrates how other languages work. Stevebritgimp 19:49, 27 December 2006 (UTC) P.S. Anyone encountered Michel Thomas' approach to teaching languages? Stevebritgimp 19:51, 27 December 2006 (UTC)

Venturo or veturo?
It says in lesson 10: ŝip- (ship) + ventur (travel) = ŝip(o)veturo (a journey by ship) This doesn't look correct. What is there correct translation of 'a journey' in Esperanto? --JorisvS 15:05, 4 August 2006 (UTC)

False Friends
Oh my gosh! What happened to the section on False Friends?! It looks like it was deleted, and right when I was about to learn from it! Why was it deleted? What can be done/what should I do?--Gabriel Koulikov 20:06, 17 December 2006 (UTC)

Esperanto Wikiversity course
The Wikiversity course is very bare and needs further development. Right now it just has links to the standard e-mail course but not much else. If anyone could help develop it that would be greatly apreciated. The link is here: http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Introductory_Esperanto#.5B.5BPortal:Learning_Materials.7CLearning_materials.5D.5D

Thanks

Add some flare!
I was thinking, why not add a welcome page and some nice graphics, similar to Spanish and German? I think that a good first impression will make learning from this wikibook easier. Sandman85048 21:49, 22 September 2007 (UTC)

Merge introduction
The introduction section is in all these tiny little bits.. why not just put them in one page and set up redirects? Sandman85048 23:02, 22 September 2007 (UTC)

Translated navigation???
This book is intended to be for English speakers (anything else belongs in other language versions of Wikibooks) who don't know any Esperanto yet and wish to learn it. Hence, we can't have the navigation in Esperanto, because they won't understand it and will leave these pages discouraged from learning Esperanto. Not to mention that with the current translations, Esperanto speakers won't easily understand the items either... Junesun 18:38, 11 October 2007 (UTC)

That's a good idea, my friend. Japanese is difficult enough for me to learn; since I'm now tackling an artificial language, baby steps are necessary here. --74.130.244.188 (talk) 21:53, 22 October 2008 (UTC)

Renaming pages
The manual of style frowns on naming pages as we have done here. I am going to go through renaming all "lesson" and "appendix" pages properly. All "lesson" pages are going to be renamed from, for example, Esperanto/Lesson 1 to Esperanto/Introducing yourself (with English titles like "Introducing yourself" rather than Esperanto ones like "Enkonduko" because this is the English Wikibooks) - and then I will turn Esperanto/Lesson 1 into a redirect to Esperanto/Introducing yourself. All "appendix" pages are going to be renamed from, for example, Esperanto/Appendix A to Esperanto/Appendix/Esperanto alphabet and pronunciation, along with a redirect. This is the total list of changes I will make:

 * Lessons
 * Lesson 1 → Introducing yourself
 * <tt>Lesson 2</tt> → <tt>Travelling</tt>
 * <tt>Lesson 3</tt> → <tt>Recreational activities</tt>
 * <tt>Lesson 4</tt> → <tt>Family</tt>
 * <tt>Lesson 5</tt> → <tt>School</tt>
 * <tt>Lesson 6</tt> → <tt>Shopping</tt>
 * <tt>Lesson 7</tt> → <tt>Household</tt>
 * <tt>Lesson 8</tt> → <tt>Esperanto culture</tt>
 * <tt>Lesson 9</tt> → <tt>World Congress</tt>
 * <tt>Lesson 10</tt> → <tt>Word synthesis</tt>
 * Appendices
 * <tt>Appendix A</tt> → <tt>Appendix/Alphabet and pronunciation</tt>
 * <tt>Appendix B</tt> → <tt>Appendix/Solutions to exercises</tt>
 * <tt>Appendix C</tt> → <tt>Appendix/English-Esperanto word list</tt>
 * <tt>Appendix D</tt> → <tt>Appendix/Esperanto-English word list</tt>
 * <tt>Appendix E</tt> → <tt>Appendix/Abbreviations</tt>
 * <tt>Appendix F</tt> → <tt>Appendix/Summary of grammar</tt>
 * <tt>Appendix G</tt> → <tt>Appendix/Web resources</tt>
 * <tt>Appendix H</tt> → <tt>Appendix/Table of correlatives</tt>
 * <tt>Appendix I</tt> → <tt>Appendix/Table of word endings</tt>
 * <tt>Appendix J</tt> → <tt>Appendix/Table of affixes</tt>
 * <tt>Appendix K</tt> → <tt>Appendix/False friends</tt>
 * <tt>Appendix L</tt> → <tt>Appendix/Slang</tt>
 * <tt>Appendix M</tt> → <tt>Appendix/Common phrases</tt>

The reasons for this, other than better conformance to the Wikibooks manual of style, should be painfully obvious I think. Lessons and appendices will be easy to add, remove and shuffle around (and clearly some shuffling is needed - why is "World Congress" a lesson? Are we going to be tested on it? "Esperanto culture" and "World Congress" should probably come after the lessons, after the language is taught and now you're discussing the culture). I'll be making this change sometime in February probably, or maybe March - unless I get a lot of negative feedback before then. --Indiana (talk) 21:08, 1 February 2010 (UTC)
 * Sounds like a good idea. --Yair rand (talk) 21:15, 1 February 2010 (UTC)

Move worksheets to Wikiversity?
What do people think of the possibility of moving the worksheet-like sections to Wikiversity, and linking to them from within the appropriate section in the Wikibook? For example, we could remove the Exercise : Translation section from the first lesson, add something like this to Wikiversity, and link to that from the first lesson. --Yair rand (talk) 23:49, 18 February 2010 (UTC)

 * I think that's a great idea. Once I finish souping up the appendices, I intend to start on the lessons themselves, and I did intend to trim out the exercises. But if this textbook could have an associated course on Wikiversity, that would be even better. Would you like to talk about a lesson plan? I mean, not right away because I have to finish with the appendices first, but eventually we'll need a plan for the lessons - right now they're organized based on some other language textbook, but that's not really appropriate for Esperanto (when are you ever going to need to buy a plane ticket in Esperanto?). It would be cool if we could figure out a workable lesson plan for the Wikibook, and have exercises and lessons mirrored in Wikiversity, so that while either could stand alone, they work even better together. --Indiana (talk) 18:14, 11 March 2010 (UTC)

Book layout
I have created a manual of style for this Wikibook (feel free to discuss that there). As I mentioned there, I think we need to talk about how to organize the main body of this book (thus far, all of my work has been souping up the appendices, which I will continue to do, of course). What should the book's layout be (Are we going to have a preface? A brief grammar intro before the in depth lessons?)? What should the lessons be like (How should grammar elements be introduced, and in what order? Should there be a consistent story to keep readers engaged, or isolated dialogues?)? --Indiana (talk) 03:51, 11 February 2010 (UTC)

Rewrite
I'm working on a rewrite of this wikibook, as it has been incomplete for several years. I plan to present topics in this order. Feel free to suggest a different order.

 * Lesson 1
 * Nouns
 * Adjectives
 * Adverbs
 * Personal and possessive pronouns
 * Direct and indirect objects
 * Prepositional phrases
 * Lesson 2
 * Infinitive
 * Simple tenses/Active Voice
 * Conditional mood
 * Imperative mood
 * Active and passive participles
 * Questions
 * Lesson 3
 * Correlatives
 * Participles as adverbs and nouns
 * Lesson 4
 * Word building with affixes
 * Compound words
 * Changing part of speech
 * Lesson 5
 * Complex tenses formed with participles

20:01, 3 December 2011 (UTC)

I can only say that I strongly support your idea! --Leefeni,de Karik (discuss • contribs) 22:08, 8 December 2011 (UTC)

Dialogues
I'm thinking about creating a session only for small talk in Esperanto, and this is the first one I've made. I think you could help with more.

 * Esperanto/Dialogues/Bus stop

--Leefeni,de Karik (discuss • contribs) 22:08, 8 December 2011 (UTC)

 * I just added a section (in outline form) for Esperanto and electronic communication. This is a place to cover SMS texts, Tweets, and Email as translation exercises—both into and out of EO. I think it's an excellent place to cover slang various abbreviation.

I should mention, the bus stop dialogues are good, they should be integrated into the book. Wikijeff (discuss • contribs) 01:09, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

Growing beyond the book format
My name is Ian and I'm from a project called Wikiotics, where we build free software tools for language instruction. We are starting to build collections of interactive language lessons that can serve as textbook replacements for students and this we would love for the Esperanto community to be represented.

If there is anyone here who is interested in expanding this content beyond a traditional text-based book format or who would like to incorporate interactive lessons we build based on the outline of this book, just chime in here or contact us at contact AT wikiotics DOT org or in irc at #wikiotics on freenode.

As example of the kind of new materials you can make with our tools, here are examples our current lesson types:
 * Picture choice lesson (http://wikiotics.org/en/Introduction),
 * Re-mixable Podcast (http://wikiotics.org/user/ian/FSI-Mandarin-Module01-Unit01),
 * Text multiple choice lesson (http://wikiotics.org/en/WANY_Hospital_grammar)
 * new Storybook lesson [coming soon](http://laurent.dev.wikiotics.net/en/storybook1).

Wikiotics (discuss • contribs) 19:53, 13 June 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Esperanto


text:
French

Information and resources

 * This book has a collection, a PDF version, and a print version.

 * Louisiana French
 * French For Football

title: French


text:
French/Lessons/Introductory/Review

G: The French alphabet
In addition, French uses several accents which are worth understanding. These are: à, è, ù, (grave accents) and é (acute accent). A circumflex applies to all vowels: â, ê, î, ô, û. A tréma (French for dieresis) is also applied: ä, ë, ï, ö, ü, ÿ. Two combined letters are used: æ and œ, and a cedilla is used on the c to make it sound like an English s: ç.

Things of note about numbers

 * For 70-79, it builds upon "soixante" but past that it builds upon a combination of terms for 80-99
 * Only the first (21,31,41,51,61 and 71, but not 81 nor 91) have "et un" without a hyphen; but past this it is simply both words consecutively (vingt-six, trente-trois, etc.) with a hyphen in between.
 * For 100-199, it looks much like this list already save that "cent" is added before the rest of the number; this continues up to 1000 and onward.

V: Time
In French, “il est” is used to express the time; though it would literally translate as “he is”, it is actually, in this case, equivalent to “it is” (unpersonal "il"). Unlike in English, it is always important to use “heures” (“hours”) when referring to the time. In English, it is OK to say, “It’s nine,” but this wouldn’t make sense in French. The French time system traditionally uses a 24-hour scale. Shorthand for writing times in French follows the format "17h30", which would represent 5:30PM in English.

V: The days of the week.

 * The days of the week are not capitalized in French.
 * For phrases relating to the day of the week, see the phrasebook.

Notes:
 * What day is it today? is equivalent to Quel jour sommes-nous ?.
 * Quel jour sommes-nous ? can be answered with Nous sommes..., C'est... or On est... (last two are less formal).
 * Nous sommes... is not used with hier, aujourd’hui, or demain. C'était (past) or C'est (present/future) must be used accordingly.

Bien... is an adverb meaning well. Its adjective equivalent is bon(ne), which means good. Since je vais, meaning I go, uses an action verb, the adverb bien is used. In English, I'm good, which uses the linking verb am, is followed by an adjective rather than an adverb.

Est-ce que... doesn't mean anything (like the Spanish upside down question mark) and is used to start a question. This can be used in a similar manner to do in English. Instead of You want it?, one can say Do you want it?

chez... is a preposition meaning at the house of.... Chez moi is used to say at my place. Chez [name] is used to say at [name's] place.

on... can mean we or one.

Review

title: French/Lessons/Introductory/Review


text:
Esperanto/Appendix/Alphabet and pronunciation

Alphabet
The Esperanto alphabet has 28 letters.

 * Uppercase
 * A, B, C, Ĉ, D, E, F, G, Ĝ, H, Ĥ, I, J, Ĵ, K, L, M, N, O, P, R, S, Ŝ, T, U, Ŭ, V, Z

 * Lowercase
 * a, b, c, ĉ, d, e, f, g, ĝ, h, ĥ, i, j, ĵ, k, l, m, n, o, p, r, s, ŝ, t, u, ŭ, v, z

 * Names
 * a, bo, co, ĉo, do, e, fo, go, ĝo, ho, ĥo, i, jo, ĵo, ko, lo, mo, no, o, po, ro, so, ŝo, to, u, ŭo, vo, zo

Four letters from the English alphabet have been dropped – Q, W, X and Y – and there are six new accented letters: Ĉ, Ĝ, Ĥ, Ĵ, Ŝ and Ŭ. The first five have an angle-shape accent called a circumflex (^) over them, whilst the last has an accent rather like the bottom part of a circle, which is called a breve (˘).

All of the accented letters are unique to Esperanto except for ŭo (Ŭ), which also exists in Belarusian, and ĝo (Ĝ), which also exists in Aleut. Some of the accented letters may be used in transcription systems for languages that use non-Latin alphabets. (For example, ŝo (Ŝ) is used as the ISO 9:1995 transliteration of the Russian Cyrillic letter shcha (Щ).)

Vowels
As in English, five letters are vowels (A, E, I, O, U), and the rest are consonants. The letter ŭo (Ŭ) is a consonant, not a vowel.

Collation
Collation in Esperanto is the same as for English, except that the accented characters are counted as separate characters and collated after their non-accented versions. Collation is as shown in the table above.

Pronunciation
Each letter in Esperanto has only one pronunciation (allowing for cultural variation), and no letters are silent. There are six dipthongs (see the next section), but their pronunciation follows logically from their constituent letters, except for being shortened into a single syllable. This means that Esperanto is pronounced just as it is spelled.

Also, each sound has only one way of being written, so it is very easy to spell Esperanto words you hear.

The technical description for these traits is that Esperanto is phonetic and orthographic.

Stress
The stress on every word is put on the penultimate (second-to-last) syllable.


text:
Esperanto/Introducing yourself

Be sure to make use of the pronunciation appendix.

Grammar
Since Esperanto is a very regular language, all its rules can be applied universally without exceptions. This means Esperanto grammar concepts are much easier to understand than those of natural languages. In this first lesson, we shall examine how to form nouns, adjectives, and the present tense.

Nouns
In any language, nouns are words that designate a person, place, thing, idea, or quality. Some examples of nouns in English are: "house", "friends", "cake", "John", "France", and "gardens".

In Esperanto, all nouns end in -o. The part of the word that goes before the -o is known as the root. For example, in the word urbo (city), urb- is the root and the -o makes it a noun.

To make a noun plural, add a -j to the end, for example urboj (cities).

Some examples of nouns in Esperanto: (human),  (house),  (friends),  (cake),  (John),  (France) and  (gardens).

To say a or an, as in "a town", just say the noun on its own, e.g. urbo (town, a town). There is no indefinite article ("a" or "an") in Esperanto.

The word for the is la, e.g. la urbo (the city). La never changes for singular or plural.

Adjectives
Adjectives are words that describe a noun. Some English examples are: "happy", "tired", "beautiful", "young" and "fresh".

To change an Esperanto noun into its corresponding adjective, replace the -o with an -a. For example, urbo (town) gives rise to urba (urban, "relating to a town").

Some examples of adjectives in Esperanto: (happy),  (tired),  (beautiful),  (young) and  (fresh).

In Esperanto, an adjective must "agree in number" with the noun it describes. This means that if the noun is singular, the adjective must also be. If the noun is plural, the adjective must also be, too. Some examples: la freŝa kuko (the fresh cake), la freŝaj kukoj (the fresh cakes); feliĉa homo (a happy person), feliĉaj homoj (happy people).

The prefix mal- changes an Esperanto word into its opposite meaning – a feature that greatly reduces the vocabulary. Here are some examples of mal- words in Esperanto: (unhappy),  (alert, not tired),  (ugly),  (old) and  (stale).

Adverbs
Adverbs are words that describe a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. They indicate manner, place, time or quantity. Some English examples are: "quickly", "orally", "at home", and "in writing".

To change an Esperanto word into an adverb, replace the usual ending (-a for adjectives, -o for nouns, and -i for verbs) with -e. The meaning of the base word determines whether it becomes a manner, place, time or quantity adverb.
 * Manner – How something is done, "He runs quickly." ; "He submitted it in writing."
 * Place – Where something is done, "He runs at home."
 * Time – When something is done, "He runs on Sunday."
 * Quantity – "He runs a lot."

Some examples of adverbs in Esperanto: (quickly),  (orally),  (at home), and  (in writing).

Please note that not all adverbs use this rule, but the overwhelming majority of them do. Once you are introduced to these adverbs, it will be obvious why there are exceptions.

Personal pronouns
In Esperanto there are ten personal pronouns. However, you will initially need to only know seven of these pronouns.

 * The other pronouns ("", "") will be covered later.
 * "Ci" is rarely used, and isn’t recommended.
 * The third person neuter singular pronoun, "ĝi", is not exactly the same as the English "it" because it can be used as a gender-neutral pronoun for a living person. For example, "Look at that baby. I can't tell if it is a boy or a girl."
 * There also are some neologism gender-neutral pronouns. Although none of them are sanctioned by the Akademio de Esperanto, they are still commonly used in online spaces, which is why they are mentioned here. "Ri" is the most popular.

Possessive pronouns
To turn a personal pronoun into a possessive pronoun (which is an adjective), simply add an -a to the end.

Verbs – present tense
The basic form of a verb is called its infinitive. In English, this is the part of the verb that has "to" in front of it, as in the sentence "John likes to play football". In Esperanto, the infinitive simply has an -i after the root, e.g. (a game),  (to play).

The present tense has three forms in English. For example, one can say either "I kick", "I am kicking" or "I do kick"; "he laughs", "he is laughing", "he does laugh"; "Robert eats the cake", "Robert is eating the cake", "Robert does eat cake". All these forms are represented under one form in Esperanto.

To form the present tense of any Esperanto verb, simply substitute the -i in the root with -as. Some examples: mi legas (I am reading), li ridas (He is laughing), Roberto manĝas la kukon (Robert eats the cake).

You will also note that there is no verb conjugation in Esperanto for person. For example, in English you would say "Bob eats", "I eat", and "She eats"; In Esperanto, you would use the same form of the verb: "Bob manĝas", "Mi manĝas", "Ŝi manĝas".

Objects and the accusative case
Like in English, every complete declarative sentence in Esperanto requires at least two parts: a subject and a verb. In the sentence "I ate", the subject is "I" and the verb is "ate". A subject is a noun which performs an action. However, in the sentence "I ate spaghetti", there is a third word: "spaghetti". The word "spaghetti" in this sentence is what is known as a direct object. A direct object is a noun which is having an action performed on it. It is being "verb'ed", so to speak.

Take special note of the last sentence. In the first three sentences, the direct object directly followed the verb. However, in the last sentence, the word "Jane" directly follows the verb "gave". So why isn't Jane the direct object of the sentence? Because Jane is not having an action performed on her by the verb of the sentence, "give". Frank is not giving Jane, Frank is giving flowers to Jane. Since the flowers are what is being given, the flowers are the direct object.

So what is Jane in this sentence, then? Jane is what is known as an indirect object. An indirect object is a noun which is neither performing an action nor having an action performed directly upon it, but receiving the action of the verb less directly than the direct object (hence the name). In Esperanto, the indirect object will always take a preposition. For example, "Frank baked Jane a cake" becomes "Frank baked a cake for Jane."

This basal reader stuff is real cute. But the simplicity quickly falls apart with more complex statements. Let's try some more advanced sentences in English.

As you can see, English sometimes chokes on the complexities of real life. The incorrect understanding of the sentence about the First Amendment has the same basic structure as "The pilot makes the heading in the flight plan to the north.", giving the false parse a similar structure to "The amendment redirects the trust in their ability to criticize, into the Constitution.", which would mean "The First Amendment has persuaded the citizenry to trust that they are able to criticize the governor's administration of the presumptive draft on the grounds that the governor is administrating the presumptive draft unconstitutionally instead of trusting that they are able to criticize the governor's administration of the presumptive draft on other grounds.", which, depending on the minute details of history, the English language, and then-current law, could actually make sense, but is not the correct understanding of the grammar or the meaning of the sentence. English speakers can use their intuition to get past part of this problem, but in controversies, debates, and trials where words are deliberately or accidentally twisted, in technical fields, in natural language processing, and with English as a Foreign Language, it becomes increasingly difficult. Now you know one of the many reasons why natural language processing is an unsolved problem in computer programming. Another reason is that most English words have multiple meanings, up to 60 or even 100 meanings. Most Esperanto words only have one meaning, and its words with more than one meaning usually only have 2 or 3 meanings. Google Translate makes countless errors, and as such is no substitute for taking the courses over there at Lernu.

We'll try that again by shoehorning it into Esperanto. These sentences are kind of stilted, and in another situation one would use a very different wording. The stilted wording more or less preserves the basic structure of the English sentences, though. We'll start with the translation of "Now let's try more advanced sentences in Esperanto.", which is "Nun ni provu iom Esperantajn frazojn kiuj estas pli progresintaj."

In English, word order in a sentence helps determine whether a noun is a subject, a direct object, or an indirect object. In English, the order is often "subject, verb, direct object", "direct object, subject, verb" or "subject, verb, indirect object, direct object", and various other orders. As you can see from the table above, there are many plausible but incorrect comprehensions of the English sentences, but no plausible incorrect comprehensions of their Esperanto translations. That's because grammar in planned languages, such as Esperanto, tends to be much more precise than in natural languages. Esperanto uses affixes to explicitly and unambiguously mark words for part of speech, case, gender and number. Thus, part of speech tagging of Esperanto's single-stem words is already solved. In order to make a direct object in Esperanto, one simply adds the letter "n" to the noun (if the noun is plural, the "n" is added after the "j").

Therefore, in Esperanto, subjects, verbs, and direct objects can be put in any order, with little, if any, loss of clarity. All of the following sentences, which mean "the apple loves the banana" are grammatically correct in Esperanto.
 * La pomo amas la bananon.
 * La pomo la bananon amas.
 * Amas la pomo la bananon.
 * Amas la bananon la pomo.
 * La bananon la pomo amas.
 * La bananon amas la pomo.

Conversation – Introducing yourself
Two people – Jean and Frank – meet for the first time:
 * Frank: Saluton! Mia nomo estas Frank. Kaj via?
 * Jean: Saluton! Mi estas Jean. De kie vi venas?
 * Frank: Mi venas de Novjorko, en Usono. Kaj vi?
 * Jean: Mi venas de Parizo, en Francio.

Exercise: Translation

 * 1) Translate the following Esperanto dialogue into English:
 * 2) Jonah: Saluton! Mi estas Jonah.
 * 3) Kelly: Saluton, Jonah. Mi estas Kelly. Mi venas de Parizo, en Francio. Kaj vi?
 * 4) Jonah: Mi venas de Novjorko.
 * 5) Translate the sentences into Esperanto:
 * 6) The happy friends are Julie and Kelly.
 * 7) The beautiful cake is stale!
 * 8) He is sad.
 * 9) Translate the sentences into English:
 * 10) La ĝardenoj belaj estas malnovaj.
 * 11) Mia domo estas en la urbo.
 * 12) Iliaj domoj estas belaj.

What You Need to Know

 * All nouns in Esperanto end in "-o"
 * All adjectives in Esperanto end in "-a"
 * Most adverbs in Esperanto end in "-e"
 * Personal pronouns are used to refer to people or things.
 * To change a personal pronoun into a possessive pronoun, add "-a".
 * The infinitive form of verbs in Esperanto ends in "-i".
 * To change verbs to be in the present tense, remove the "-i" and add "-as".
 * Plurals end in "-j".

Extra vocabulary
{{Only in print|1=

Frank and Jean

 * Frank: Hello! My name is Frank. And yours?
 * Jean: Hi! I am Jean. From where do you come? (Where do you come from?)
 * Frank: I come from New York, in the U.S.A. And you?
 * Jean: I come from Paris, in France.

Exercise: Translation
}}
 * 1) Translate the following Esperanto dialogue into English:
 * 2) *Jonah: Hello! I am Jonah.
 * 3) *Kelly: Hello, Jonah. I am Kelly. I come from Paris, in France. And you?
 * 4) *Jonah: I come from New York.
 * 5) Translate the sentences into Esperanto:
 * 6) La feliĉaj amikoj estas Julie kaj Kelly.
 * 7) La bela kuko estas malfreŝa!
 * 8) Li estas malfeliĉa.
 * 9) Translate the sentences into English:
 * 10) The beautiful gardens are old.
 * 11) My house is in the city.
 * 12) Their houses are beautiful.

-

title: Esperanto/Introducing yourself


text:
Spanish/Dictionary

Diccionarios Español-Ingles y Inglés-Español

 * Wiktionary Spanish index (not much content yet, but together we can build it up)
 * Spanish dictionary
 * Diccionarios.com (very limited translations per day)
 * Wordreference.com
 * English Spanish Dictionaries
 * Word Magic English Spanish Dictionary

title: Spanish/Dictionary


text:
Talk:French/Lessons/Introductory/Review

Untitled
Instead of Quelles sont les nouvelles ? I'd say Quoi de neuf ?, which is more idiomatic. Dhum Dhum 20:36, 22 Aug 2003 (UTC) How to play the OGG audio file? I found that neither windows media play nor realone can play it.--21st centry fox
 * Winamp, for example

João Jerónimo 15:48, 8 Aug 2004 (UTC)

The French Alphabet
Wouldn't it make more sense to simply say 'The French alphabet has the same letters as the English alphabet'? Given that the article is written in English, it seems pedantic to list the same characters the lesson is being written with.

 * Well, it makes sense to show the alphabet since the pronunciation is different and this is what is highlighted. However, it is already part of the Reading French Section, which makes it unnecessary to duplicate in this first lesson. --Jazz 12:13, 2 August 2005 (UTC)

W
regarding the pronunciation of W, is there perhaps a better way of representing it other than the current dubl-vay. If I didn't know better, I feel I might read it as dubble-vay rather than the correct doob-le-vay. In fact, that seems to be an adequate way of communicating it, but I've neglected from changing it myself as I'm unaware if this is perhaps the standard form of communicating the sound and we're merely stuck with it as the norm. - Chris 81.76.50.9 13:44, 23 January 2006 (UTC) Chris 13:49, 23 January 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:French/Lessons/Introductory/Review


text:
Help talk:Glossary

#book
I'm wondering if this should say something about the coherence of the modules of a book, at least distantly echoing that point made at WB:WIW. Care needs to be taken to avoid implying a greater (as well as lesser) exclusion than we actually apply. (Come to think of it, maybe that item in the policy could use clarification.) --Pi zero (talk) 13:16, 6 November 2010 (UTC)

 * That entry was already either on this page or the "glossary of Wikibooks jargon" page that I merged in here. Certainly there may be a possibility of better phrasing and I hope it's not a stretch to say that I believe you have the eloquence to find the ideal wording. – Adrignola talk 13:18, 6 November 2010 (UTC)

title: Help talk:Glossary


text:
Wikibooks:WikiProject

A WikiProject is a metadata page that serves as a reference point for those who wish to be involved in a specific project to create a set of highly-related books.

Structural principles for a WikiProject page:
 * defines the scope of the particular project
 * establishes the formatting conventions for individual pages and books (e.g. how each individual item should be structured)
 * lists participating contributors
 * provides subject-specific forums

What are the advantages?

 * Standard of look and feel. There are existing pages that deal with standards, but they cannot be applied to specific books. The conventions for books on mathematics or chemistry are worlds apart from the conventions for foreign languages.
 * Allows the development of special interest communities within Wikibooks. This can happen organically, but the WikiProject page makes the process formal.
 * Permits strategic planning and consensual discussion by creating a central location for discussion instead of fragmented discussion over several different talk pages.
 * Allows controlled dynamic evolution. The inherent problem in any communal project is that without central authority chaos emerges. But with excessive central authority, stagnation sets in. The WikiProject is a 'central authority' (thus providing the benefits of stability), but the WikiProject page itself remains consensual and dynamic. Where evolution occurs, the process can be centrally managed.
 * Helps to build community among users, by creating common goals that people can work towards. Wikibookians tend to be focused on their own books and their own pet projects, and WikiProjects allow users to get together and work collaboratively on greater goals.

What a WikiProject is not
A WikiProject is not a place for subject information or book content. It is not a place to write a book, but it can be used to help plan a book, or to organize the authors of a book.

Is it worth the effort?
The value of such a metadata management model increases with the volume of contributors. In a case where only a handful of contributors are working on a project the actual value of a WikiProject page is negative - it only adds additional work. However, as the volume of contributors increases the work required to maintain the WikiProject pages is substantially less than the work required to correct the fragmentation of style and content, and the duplication which will otherwise occur.

How to Start a WikiProject
Use project on your page. WikiProjects should have a clear objective in mind, and should work to meet some goal. Once a new WikiProject is started, it can be advertised on the bulletin board or in the reading room. It is currently advised that WikiProjects's hyperlink be in the form of: Wikibooks:WikiProject_YourProjectName

If a WikiProject becomes inactive, it can be labeled with inactive. If it has only recently seen a slowdown in activity, semi-active may be more appropriate.

List of WikiProjects
it:Wikibooks:Progetto ja:Wikibooks:ウィキプロジェクト

title: Wikibooks:WikiProject


text:
Wikibooks talk:WikiProject

Initial text adapted from en:User:Manning Bartlett/WikiProject --mav 06:58, 24 Aug 2003 (UTC)

Layout
Does anybody else wish to start a WikiProject to improve page design? I am thinking specifically of the Main Page and the Bookshelves page, and the individual department pages. If we could make them more like the Wikijunior page, the site would be a lot easier to navigate. At the moment, it is easy to find your way within one book, but browsing the library is nearly impossible. --Runnerupnj 01:45, 28 January 2007 (UTC)

 * I agree with your assesment, but I would like to warn you that navigation and organization are much larger projects then you might realize. The mainpage probably could use a redesign, and many of the navigational links could likely be made more clear and obvious. What kinds of ideas do you have? --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 23:33, 28 January 2007 (UTC)

Wikiprojects do not need to have the word "wikiproject" in their page name.
What's this change about? To should have "wikiproject" in their page name http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Wikibooks%3AWikiprojects&diff=1160501&oldid=1160117

It's quite unhelpful as "Wikibooks:Wikiproject bookname" is far to much of a mouthful. No easy way to use in conversation, to long to put into sidemenus etc. Hence it's not used in wikiprojects Counter-Vandalism_Unit, Wikipublish etc. ChessCreator (talk) 15:17, 9 April 2008 (UTC)
 * To add what I wrote Wikibooks_talk:WikiProject_History
 * I strongly disagree that 'All wikiprojects should use Wikibooks:Wikiproject XXXXXXX as the format to avoid any such conflicts.' If you are concerned about the conflicts a better way is to redirect Wikibooks:Wikiproject XXXXXXX to whatever format is choosen. It's quite inappropriate to change existing wikibooks that have already been branded with a name, and known as that name from many links in wikibooks and elsewhere (like wikipedia). Also the practical problems of the name 'Wikibooks:Wikiproject XXXXXXX' being to long to sensible displayed in sidebars. ChessCreator (talk) 15:41, 9 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Well the point is that Wikibooks:History will presumably not be a redirect forever since that should be a page about the history of Wikibooks. That's only one example, which prompted the move. In these cases, it is necessarily impossible to have a redirect since there'd be content there. The consistent naming scheme suggested avoids those conflicts, allows easy recognition from a pagename, and also allows easy search using the prefixindex. Finally, there are any number of workarounds for long pagenames wherever they may occur. As for having a "brand" -- the Wikiprojects at issue were created last week, so I don't see how there's some identity crisis created by a pagemove. Regardless, it's not my place to force anything upon the maintainers of these pages, so you're of course free to leave it as-is. I just think there are good reasons to use that naming scheme and trivial reasons not to. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 01:25, 10 April 2008 (UTC)

title: Wikibooks talk:WikiProject


text: Wikibooks talk:Content disclaimer

title: Wikibooks talk:Content disclaimer


text:
Wikibooks:Profanity

Avoid profanity (words or images that could be considered offensive by typical Wikibooks readers), but not at the expense of accuracy. We strive to create a serious educational resource with brilliant prose. Consideration to how others will perceive it is therefore an asset. Profanity is never acceptable in Wikijunior.

Usernames
Avoid offensive usernames. Wikibookians feel that tolerating offensive usernames has few, if any benefits, but can turn away contributors who see them in a list of recent changes or elsewhere. For the purpose of Wikibooks, this outweighs freedom of expression. Users with profane or obscene usernames may be blocked without prior warning.

Modules
Module titles should not include profanity unless specifically required by the content. Modules with inappropriate titles may be moved on sight to more appropriate locations, or speedily deleted and do not need to be listed on requests for deletion.

Well written modules should not, on the whole, need to use profanity. It may, however, be warranted in some cases: modules specifically about how profanity is used in society are an example, and when mentioning someone else's use of it, you should go ahead and be accurate.

Include the full, uncensored version when including exact quotes that are relevant to the module. There's no point in ever turning an instance of "fuck" into "f***" or "the f word". If you wish to eliminate the word, you should paraphrase rather than quote it.

Other pages
Other pages don't have the same requirements as the module pages, but profanity should be avoided there as well. Talk pages in particular are for conversation between users about a page, and in such conversations (except perhaps conversations about profanity itself) do not require profanity. Wikibookians may not verbally attack or abuse one another anywhere on Wikibooks, as we are all required to be nice to one another.

title: Wikibooks:Profanity


text:
Wikibooks talk:Profanity

Initial text adapted from en:Wikipedia:Profanity --mav 07:47, 24 Aug 2003 (UTC)

Move to Enforce
I am proposing that the text of No offensive usernames be merged into this policy. I am also proposing that this page be moved to enforced. It is my opinion that the concepts of these policies are already being implemented, and we should make our policy match the current state of business here on wikibooks. If there are no dissenting opinions, I would like to merge the policies by the beginning of the week, and I would like to move the policy to enforced by the weekend. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 22:05, 8 October 2006 (UTC)

Last minute rewordings
Sorry for doing this so in the nick of time before this sucker's time as Proposal of the Week runs out. I've done a large rewording; hardly substantial, mostly minor tweaks. I'd like some comments on a couple of concerns that I have. --Swift 05:47, 16 October 2006 (UTC)

Speedy delete obscene module names?
Do we really need to speedy delete these? OK, it may be nice to have the option, but if the content is meaningful it should be moved. If the content isn't, it already qualifies for speedy deletion. --Swift 05:47, 16 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Perhaps we don't need to speedy delete them, but I would argue that few modules that have obscene page names will have any worthwhile content. If somebody creates a page "Microsoft is fucking stupid!" (as an example), can you imagine that the page will have much meaningful content? Also, I don't see any value in keeping such pages around as redirects. If a page has an obscene name, content can be moved to a better location, but the obscene page should still be deleted, preferrably quickly. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects)

 * Good point. Thanks. For that scenario it would, indeed, be useful to have the speedy delete clause. --Swift 21:29, 16 October 2006 (UTC)

Not use profanity?
Yes, this is a semantic nit-pick, but I find offensive and obscene to be more precise words than profane and fit better with the purpose of this proposal. Does anyone object to moving this to Don't be offensive or Obscenity and replacing instances of "profane" in the text? I personally prefer "offensive".--Swift 05:47, 16 October 2006 (UTC)

 * "offensive" is an arbitrary term, and people can claim offense to all sorts of subjects. Creationists can claim that texts about evolution are "offensive", for instance, and if we say that "offensive materials can be deleted", then entire texts on evolution could become speedy delete targets. Of course, that's just one example, but it proves the point that "offensive" is arbitrary. Also, I would like to say that "profanity" and "obscenity" are pretty well-defined, and are not nearly so arbitrary. I could agree to change this to Obscenity, but I dont think that is nearly as good as Profanity. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 15:05, 16 October 2006 (UTC)

 * After looking at the definitions again, I think "Obscenity" might be better then "Profanity". I still don't like "offensive", however. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 21:16, 18 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Well, the reason I like offensive is that it captures the essence of obscenity/profanity without including the other specific meanings (sexual/religious). True, offensive is an arbitrary term, but so are the others as there exists no moral authority (well, except the infallable Pople, that is) to define them. I'd say the main drawback of "offensive" was that it may have a greater scope.
 * While you have switched your preferences over to "obscene", I'm actually warming up to "profane" (there is no causal relationship there though, I assure you). I'd venture to say, that even though the "profane" definition may be a little further from the intended use than "obscene", those fringe meanings are rarely used.
 * Hmmm ... I don't think we are in any hurry on this. The proposal is set as Proposal of the Week till Sunday. I'd like a little more time to think about this. Meanwhile, could you reconsider "offensive". I'm not absolutely sure it is better for our purpose, but it looks appealing to me and I'd be willing to argue its case for the sake of this argument. --Swift 21:49, 18 October 2006 (UTC)

 * I certainly understand what you are saying, but I can't seem to jump over this semantic fence that i'm stuck behind. I'm just worried that an active voting minority could be setting standards as to what qualifies as "offensive" for the entire community. Now, if we move this page to Offensive content, or something similar, we would have to painstakingly define "offensive" to exclude things that suit a particular minority at the expense of the majority. For instance, we would need to show that talking about controversial subjects (evolution/creationism, as a classic example) is not offensive, but talking about some subjects (god, religious POV) could be offensive/inappropriate. This raises another option: Inappropriate content. Too many options. I need to think about it too. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 00:42, 20 October 2006 (UTC)

Enforced
I have moved this policy to enforced. There were no outstanding objections besides comments from User:Swift on the semantics of the word "profanity". Given that the aforementioned discussion has stagnated, and no suitable alternatives to the word "profanity" were found, I have made this into an official policy. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 01:46, 11 December 2006 (UTC)

Possible copy-edit?
'If you wish to eliminate the word, you should paraphrase rather than quoting.' A bare infinitive followed immediately by a gerund? Perhaps it should be changed? Kayau ( talk | email | contribs ) 06:10, 15 August 2010 (UTC)

 * I agree, to "quote it". --Panic (talk) 10:38, 15 August 2010 (UTC)

title: Wikibooks talk:Profanity


text:
Wikibooks:No offensive usernames

User names which offend other people are thought by most to be needlessly discouraging to other contributors, and distracting from the core purpose - creating an instructional resource. This might include legitimate names and long-established Internet pseudonyms that can be misconstrued, however this has yet to occur in practice.

The primary purpose of user names is to identify and distinguish contributors. This facilitates communication and record-keeping. The user name is not a forum to be offensive or make a statement. No one has a right to any particular user name. While colorful, interesting, or expressive names may add to the pleasure of Wikibooks, they are not essential.

Fairly or unfairly, the line between acceptable and unacceptable user names is drawn by the people who are offended, not by the creator of the name. If someone complains about your user name, please consider changing it, in the spirit of Wikibooks. If enough people complain about your user name (through talk pages or the mailing lists or Meta-Wikimedia), the bureaucrats will change it. Neither complaints, nor name changes should be arbitrary, but user names that are offensive to a significant number of people will be changed, not without notice, but without appeal.

Users creating accounts with aggressive, vulgar, offensive words in username, will be blocked infinitely without any warning.

Some people on Wikibooks use their real names as usernames. This certainly isn't required, but if you are having difficulty thinking of a username, please consider using your real name.

See also: Profanity

title: Wikibooks:No offensive usernames


text:
Wikibooks talk:No offensive usernames

Initial text adapted from en:Wikipedia:No offensive usernames --mav 07:57, 24 Aug 2003 (UTC)

Yes

 * RobinH 09:39, 30 April 2006 (UTC)

No

 * 1) Why are we creating rules where no problem exists? Don't we want to at least try asking someone nicely if they will use a different name? Before we make ourselves little dictators of our virtual domain, perhaps we ought to think about the ramifications. Systems of crime and punishment are a failure state. They are an admission that we weren't able to work congenially as co-editors on a common project — that our little Animal Farm couldn't exist without making some of us "more equal." Do we really want to duplicate the system of punishment and vandalism that exists at Wikipedia? Is their instruction creep working for them? Perhaps we could learn something from our founder:"The problem we are seeing, again and again, is this attitude that some poor victim of a biased rant in Wikipedia ought to not get pissed and take us up on our offer of 'anyone can edit' but should rather immerse themselves in our arcane internal culture until they understand the right way to get things done. I do not know what is going to change, but something BIG has got to happen and SOON about this issue, because the amount of time it is consuming for some of our best editors is getting way out of control. ~Jimbo Wales May 3, 2006 WikiEN-l" --Zephram Stark 04:19, 7 May 2006 (UTC)
 * 2) If needed should be done at the wikimedia software level not as a policy. --Panic 07:26, 9 October 2006 (UTC)
 * 3) From the current version: "however this has yet to occur in practice."!! This is far too explicit. Be civil and Profanity already cover it nicely and the better parts of it (e.g. "While colorful, interesting, or expressive names may add to the pleasure of Wikibooks, they are not essential.") may be added to those. Some parts of this are even bad (e.g. "Fairly or unfairly, the line between acceptable and unacceptable user names is drawn by the people who are offended, not by the creator of the name." I remember seeing a request by someone who was offended by a username. The whole thing was a misunderstanding, but that didn't deter the offended who refused to listen to reason). --Swift 16:55, 9 October 2006 (UTC)

Merger to Profanity
I propose we merge the text of this policy into Profanity. I also propose that after the merger, we move the new composite policy to enforced status. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 22:03, 8 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Doesn't it need to have consensus to become a enforced policy ?!?
 * Words like "Avoid" aren't prohibitive and then at the end of the section "Users with offensive usernames may be blocked without prior warning." seems very prohibitive and against the votes here. --Panic 07:29, 9 October 2006 (UTC)
 * It does require concensus. I have proposed those changes, and I am asking the community to try and agree on it. If we dont reach concensus, this things wont happen. I agree with you that there are inconsistencies with the language in this one, and those need to be corrected. I would rather not make any substantive changes to this proposal until we've discussed the merger to Profanity. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 12:44, 9 October 2006 (UTC)

 * I propose we don't. The essential parts are currently coverd by Be civil and Profanity (though both are still only proposed). We don't need to it to be so explicit and we'll have a better time at getting consensus on those I mentioned if they don't have stuff in them which doesn't even seem to have majority support! --Swift 16:48, 9 October 2006 (UTC)

 * You are right in saying that the important material here is duplicated in other places. However, those other places are themselves still just proposals. If we move to reject this policy, then it would seem we should move to enforce Be civil and Profanity. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 17:05, 9 October 2006 (UTC)

 * How about not rejecting anything till the matter has been accepted in some policy? I say we go for Profanity first. If we get consensus on that we can move to reject this one. If not, we can revisit this one. --Swift 19:51, 9 October 2006 (UTC)

 * I agree. Let's focus our attention on that policy first. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 23:48, 9 October 2006 (UTC)

Move to Reject
I am moving to reject this policy. All the key points here are already found in Profanity, and This policy is poorly written in comparison to that one. Also, I am simultaneously moving to enforce Profanity. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 15:01, 16 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Support as soon as Profanity has been made official. --Swift 04:28, 17 October 2006 (UTC)

I have moved this one to rejected I see no reason to wait for the profanity policy, because with or without that proposal being accepted, there is no desire to keep this one. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 15:08, 30 October 2006 (UTC)

title: Wikibooks talk:No offensive usernames


text:
Help:FAQ/Contributing

Should I use Wikibooks or create my own wiki?
Wikibooks is for textbooks, annotated texts, instructional guides, and manuals. If you want to create new documentation and want people to know where to find it, such as for a new open source software program that you helped create, you may want to do it on your own wiki. Creating a book on Wikibooks may not be such a bad idea either. See What is Wikibooks for what is and isn't ok to include in Wikibooks.

Who can contribute?
Anyone can contribute and edit pages at any time. You are encouraged to create an account and login, but you don't have to if you don't want to.

Why would I want to contribute?

 * See Why contribute to Wikibooks?

How can I contribute?
There are many ways you can contribute. You can edit pages, create new books or pages, publicize Wikibooks, or [ donate].

How do I donate?
To learn how to donate to Wikibooks' parent organization, Wikimedia, see Fundraising and Donations.

Do I have to use my real name?
No. You don't have to use your real name. Some people choose to use their real name, some don't. Some people may seek recognition for their contributions. Some people may seek to encourage the free exchange of knowledge and information.

How do I change my username?
You may request a name change at Requests for renaming. This method will also ensure all your contributions are reassigned to your new username as well. If that doesn't matter, you can also just create a new user account.

How do I recover a password I have forgotten?

 * If you entered your e-mail address when you signed up, you can have a new password generated. Click on the "Log in" link in the upper-right corner. Enter your username, and click the button near the bottom of the page called "E-mail password". You should receive an e-mail message with a new random password; you can use it to log in, then go ahead and change your password to something you'll remember in your preferences.

Can we debate or talk about subjects here?
Discussions intended to improve books, pages or Wikibooks are welcome here. Most discussions take place on a page's discussion page. You can also use the reading room to discussion things with the Wikibooks community. Any other discussions probably belong on Wikiversity.

What languages can I use?
Books and discussions should be understandable by people who know the English language. Please use one of the other Wikibooks languages projects if you wish to write books for people who don't know the English language.

Which spelling should I use?
Books may be written in British or American English. You should follow whatever the existing spelling convention is for consistency.

How do I spell-check a page?
You can use an online spell checker such as Spellonline, or paste the text into your favorite text editor or word processor first, edit and spell check there, and then paste back into your browser to preview. Additionally, some browsers include spelling correction for all text editing files. Such is the case of all Cocoa browsers for Mac OS X (Safari, Camino, OmniWeb, etc.) and Firefox. Please see the documentation for your particular browser/operating system to turn this option on.

I found works on the same subject, now what?
Books often have a unique scope, target audience, style, and method of teaching a subject. If two or more books are similar enough you can see what others think by suggesting a merger on the discussion page for one of the books or pages and leave a quick note with a link on the other discussion pages. If you know which book or page you would like to merge works into the discussion should be done on the discussion page for that book or page, and you should also add or  to the pages or books in question. You should use the Decision making process to decide when or if you can merge them yourself.

Is there a standard convention for X?

 * See the Manual of Style

What file formats are supported?
SVG is preferred for diagrams, maps, and other non-photographic images. You can use JPEG for photographs, and PNG for drawings. GIF can be used instead of PNG, but it is discouraged because of patent reasons. Ogg Vorbis is preferred for sound; MP3 is tolerated but also discouraged for the same reason as GIF.

Why limit pages to 30 kilobytes in size?
Some people use dial-up or use mobile devices which can drastically affect the length of time it will take to download and load a page longer than 30 kilobytes. Additionally, some web browsers may have an upper limit on how much text can be placed into or edited in text boxes.

How do I undo vandalism or restore a previous version?

 * See Help:Editing and Dealing with vandalism

What is Recent Changes, and what do the abbreviations there mean?

 * Recent Changes lists all the edits that have been made over a given time period. See Help:Tracking changes for info.

Why are some links different from others?
Pages which have not yet been created or started either appear in red or include a question mark next to them depending on your preferences. Either way, you can click on that link and start a page with that name. Please search Wikibooks before starting new pages on a topic. Books may already have a page on the topic you wish to contribute to, or there may also be a book on the topic you wish to contribute to. See Naming policy for information on how to name pages.

What happens when two users edit a page at the same time?
This is called an "edit conflict". The first person to click "Save page" has their changes saved. The second person will get a conflict screen that displays both versions in separate windows, along with a summary highlighting the differences (typically showing the edits of both users, except those which both have made exactly the same), and instructions on how you should proceed. It's virtually impossible to lose any data.

Can I lose my work mid-edit?
If your computer or web browser crashes mid-edit you may lose your work. Firefox can sometimes recover from this, and will not only return you to the last page you were at but include any changes you've made to text boxes. If the server is unresponsive, you can often recover your work by clicking the back button. To some extent, you may be able to guard against work loss by using a word or text editor.

Is there an easy way I can track changes?
If you are a logged-in user, on every page you will see a link that says "Watch this page". If you click on it, the page will be added to your personal watchlist. Your watchlist will show you the latest changes on your watched pages. Every page also includes an RSS and atom feed that anyone (even unregistered users) can subscribe to which can be used to keep track of a page's changes.

Can I adjust the number of changes shown by default?
Yes. The number of changes shown by default can be changed in your preferences.

Can I link to other websites?
Wikibooks is not a web directory. Books should be reasonably self-contained. External links should be relevant and support works, not replace works. The current convention is to place external links on a dedicated page specifically for all links. However, sometimes links are placed within footnotes or in a separate section at the bottom of a page. See Help:Editing for different ways to create external links.

A contributor is being unreasonable. Help!

 * See Staying cool when the editing gets hot and Problem users.

Can I copy works to Wikibooks that I got special permission for?
Unless you have permission to use textual works under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, a similar and compatible license, or the work is in the public domain, the work cannot be used on Wikibooks. So you may have to ask the copyright holder of the material to license it under GFDL (See Boilerplate request for permission). Any other works must satisfy the requirements set out by Media.

Can I copy public domain works that are reproduced in copyright works?
A copyright claim cannot be made provided the out-of-copyright work hasn't been altered. If it was in the public domain before they used it, it's still in the public domain afterward.

Does using a GIF image violate the GFDL because of its patent?

 * Note: the LZW patent owned by Unisys has expired on June 20, 2003 in the United States, and have also been expired in other countries since July 7, 2004. Some of the below may no longer be relevant Like all legal questions, however, there are still issues to be resolved, including other conflicting patents on the LZW algorithm, as well as data compression patents that may more generally apply.  "Consult an attorney for more legal advice."

 * The LZW compression algorithm used with the GIF format is patented . It is nevertheless legally permissable to produce gif's and release them under the GFDL, just like it is legal to produce a CD-ROM with GFDL material even though the CD-ROM format is patented. People who write or use gif creation programs are bound by the patent. There may also be separate licensing fees for distribution of patented multimedia data formats like GIF images, which if not in fact at least in philosophy violate the principles of the GFDL, preventing you from freely using the image or picture.  That is why free software generally does not support the format anymore. That being said, we encourage Wikibookians to use the technically superior and patent-free PNG format instead of GIF.

Works in Japan cannot be released into the public domain! What can I do?
Technically, there is still expiration in Japan too. So if the works exceeded expiration term, they are considered public domain. Otherwise, they cannot be public domain.

Terminology
See also Help:Glossary

What's the difference between a page and a module?

 * The term "page" encompasses all the material on Wikibooks, including instructional resource topics, talk pages, documentation, and special pages such as Recent Changes. "module" is a narrower term referring to a page containing an instructional resource entry. Thus, all modules are pages, but not all pages are modules. See Help:Pages for more.

What is an orphan?

 * An orphan is a module that no other module links to. These can still be found by searching Wikibooks, but it is preferable to find another module where a link can be added. You can find a list of orphan modules from Special:Lonelypages.

What is a stub?

 * A stub on Wikibooks is a very short module, generally of one paragraph or less. Most people hate stubs, even though they are probably a necessary evil. Many excellent modules started out as short stubs. Existing stubs should be expanded into proper modules: there is a hand-made list at Find or fix a stub, and a generated list at special:Shortpages.

What is a minor edit? When should I use it?

 * When editing a page, a logged-in user has the option of flagging the edit as a "minor edit". When to use this is somewhat a matter of personal preference. The rule of thumb is that an edit of a page that is spelling corrections, formatting, and minor rearranging of text should be flagged as a "minor edit". A non-minor edit is basically something that makes the entry worth relooking at for somebody who wants to watch the module rather closely, so any "real" change, even if it is a single word. If information is added to, or removed from a page then the edit should not be marked minor.

 * This feature is important, because users can choose to hide minor edits in their view of the Recent Changes page, to keep the volume of edits down to a manageable level.

Does Wikibooks use cookies?

 * HTTP cookies are not required to read or edit Wikibooks, but they are required in order to log in and link your edits to a user account.

 * When you log in, the wiki will set a temporary session cookie which identifies your login session; this will be expired when your browser exits (or after an inactivity timeout), and is not saved on your hard drive.

 * Another cookie will be saved which lists the user name you last logged in under, to make subsequent logins just a teensy bit easier. (Actually two: one with your name, and one with your account's internal ID number; they must match up.) These cookies expire after 30 days. If this worries you, clear your cookies after completing your session.

 * If you check the "remember my login on this computer" box on the login form, another cookie will be saved with a hash of your password (not the password itself). As long as this remains valid, you can bypass the login step on subsequent visits to the wiki. The cookie expires after 30 days, or is removed if you log out. If this worries you, don't use the option. You should probably not use it on a public terminal! See also: Help:Account management

Where do I find more information beyond this FAQ?

 * You can start by reading the introduction at Welcome. Help:Contents lists all the help pages that Wikibooks has. You may also find some books on Wikibooks helpful, such as Using Wikibooks or Editing Wikitext.

ja:ヘルプ:投稿FAQ

title: Help:FAQ/Contributing


text:
Help:FAQ/Editing

How do I edit a page?

 * It's quite simple. Simply click "Edit this page" on the bottom or the side of the page, and type away. See How to edit a page to learn about making links, using bold and italics, linking to images, and many other things...

What happens if two or more people are editing the same page?

 * The second person (and later persons) to save the page will receive an "edit conflict" message, and the opportunity to merge their changes into the most-currently-saved version. The wiki will also check for a conflict if you are editing and do a preview of the edit. Multiple consecutive conflicts are noticed, and will generate a slightly different message. This is similar to Concurrent Versions System (CVS), a widely-used software version management system.

But I have problems editing with my browser!

 * See Browser notes (Wikipedia page)

Why not use HTML?

 * The short answer is: for simplicity and security.

 * And now the longer answer. Wikibooks, and wikis in general, are meant to be edited on the fly. HTML is not easy to use when you simply want to write a module. Creating links gives us a particularly dramatic example. To link to the HTML page using HTML, one would have to type

 * Main Page

 * Using MediaWiki's markup is much easier:

 * Main Page

 * Then there's security. Different web browsers have bugs that can be exploited via HTML. Malicious users could also do things like JavaScript popup windows or page redirects if they had full HTML ability on Wikibooks. Several "experimental" sites that allowed full-HTML editing have suffered such attacks, including a couple other wikis that allowed arbitrary HTML.

So we can't use any HTML?

 * Alright, alright, a few tags work. Especially, HTML table tags can be used to create tables. See How does one edit a page. However, there's been some rumbling among the MediaWiki software developers that most HTML tags are deprecated. There's also a wiki syntax for tables; see m:Help:Table for help in using it.

What about non-ASCII characters, and special symbols?

 * Just because the codes are defined in HTML 4 doesn't mean they actually work in any common browser. See meta:Help:Special characters for a discussion of what is generally safe and what isn't.

What about math topics, which require many special symbols, fonts, and graphics?

 * Just use TeX! See meta:Help:Displaying a formula.

How do I make links?

 * A link is just the name of the page surrounded by double square brackets. It's also possible to make the link display text that is different from that of the link itself:
 * page name
 * page names -- suffix text will display as part of the link
 * display name -- the piped link: hide the page name and display something else (but use this sparingly, and never "click here"!)
 * page name (disambiguation) -- the "pipe trick": the part in parentheses or the namespace will not be displayed.
 * You don't need to put underscores ("_"), to act as space separators like you see in links. Spaces will work fine.
 * Note: to link to an external webpage, use Multi-word Title

How do I rename a page?

 * Registered users can move a page; this moves the page content and edit history to a new title, and creates a redirecting page at the old title. This method is better than just copying the content by hand, as it preserves the page's history. Use the "Move this page" link. If you want to move a page, please click the "What links here" and fix the links to the page in question.

How do I edit a redirect page?

 * The easiest way to edit the redirected page is to click on the link you see at the top of the page after being redirected: "redirected from ...". At the very top of that page, you will see a message: "(redirected from page name)", Click on the page name link, and you will edit the redirect page. See Redirect.

How do I figure out how big a page is?

 * Search results give the size, for example "Knot theory (3220 bytes)". See Help:Navigating

How do I determine what other users have changed in a module?

 * Wikibooks's software MediaWiki can produce a list of all the changes between two versions of a module (either between two consecutive versions, or between an old and the current version), laid out in two-columns side by side with changes highlighted. From the Recent Changes page you can click the "diff" link; from a module page itself click "Page history", then "cur" or "last" to see changes.

How can I put pictures on a page?

 * First, you need the right to publish the picture under the GNU Free Documentation License. This means that either you created the picture and therefore own the copyright, or it is in the public domain. If the picture is located on a server you control, you can refer to that image from your wiki page by simply including its URL, like this:

and it will be included. (Note it will only be linked, not displayed.) If instead you want to upload a picture to Wikibooks.org, you can use commons:Commons:Upload as a logged-in user and once it is uploaded, you can refer to it in your wiki pages as above, by including its file name :.

See also Media.

How can I delete uploaded items?

 * Only Administrators can delete uploads, but anyone can upload a new item with the same name, thereby replacing the old one.

How do I describe images?

 * Click on the image to get the description page. Also, when you upload the file everything you put in the upload summary is placed into the image's description page. See Image:Introductory Physics fig 4.3.png for an example of what goes onto one of these pages. See also: Image use policy

Can I give the references in a book?
Yes. See Help:Editing and Template:Reflist.

Can I link to a specific section header if there are multiple section headers of the same name? If so, how?
Yes, you can. Each section header, regardless of size or depth, has a number corresponding to how many times that header's name has already appeared on the page. The number is "1" for the very first instance, "2" for the next, "3" for the next, and so on. You can link to each header just like a normal header, but using that number after the header's name (i.e. if there are three headers named "Foo," then the first can be linked to like so:, the second. , and the third, ). Using the number "1" for the first header is generally superfluous, as the software will automatically link to the first header without using the number (i.e. ). If you don't want the number to show, then you have to use a piped link (e.g. Foo ).

If you don't know how many times a given header has already appeared on a page (and thus the number to use), there are two ways to find out.
 * 1) Use the table of contents.
 * If a table of contents appears on the page, click on the header that you wish to link to. The page will jump to that header. Now, look at the URL. At the end, it will show the ID of the header in question. An example of a URL who has just been linked to a header, whose name has already appeared twice (and so is the third instance), and whose name is "Foo:"
 *  http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Example_article#Foo_3
 * The header link at the end of the URL shows that to link to this header, you would use.
 * 1) Look at the source.
 * While looking at the source, first find the section you're looking for, and then look at its ID tags. It will show the number in that tag. An example for a header, whose name has already appeared once (and so is the second instance), and whose name is "Foo:"
 *
 *  Foo
 * The ID and name tags (the ones that say "a name=" and "id=") show that this header can be linked to with.

How do I get a page deleted?
First you should review our deletion policy. If a page qualifies for speedy deletion you can add to the top of the page. Otherwise you should add to the top of the page and add a new section to Requests for deletion explaining why the page ought to be deleted.

How can I easily change the title of a book?
Use the MOVE button/link at the top of the page to change the title of your book.

How do I archive my User Page?
See Help:Pages

Can I put preformatted text inside a numbered list?
Yes, if you use the HTML <ol> and <li> tags and the <pre> tag like this:

Can I use transparent borders on a table?
Yes. The easiest way to write this is using wiki table notation with a different background for the table and for each row.

Can I change the style of something throughout a page without having to repeat the style?
There are two ways this can be done.

Method 1: This can be done by using a template and using the template repeatedly on the page instead. For example add  to Template:Template sandbox and use  throughout the Sandbox page. Everyone will see what you see.

Method 2: You can set this up once using CSS on your User Style. Then every "pre" tag will have the same pink-on-yellow style. However, every person that wants to see that style will need to set it up in their own personal "User style". That allows people to see a yellow-on-pink style if they want, without messing up your pink-on-yellow view.

title: Help:FAQ/Editing


text:
Help:FAQ/Administration

See also: Administrators

How do policies get decided?

 * Policies and guidelines describes how Wikibooks arrives at its policies and guidelines through a process of discussion and consensus. Discussion takes place on the Wikibooks:Mailing lists, on IRC, and in the various policy pages which form part of the "Wikibooks:" namespace. For recent policy discussion on wiki, try looking at [ recent changes].

What is an administrator? What is a sysop?

 * An Administrator is simply a Wikibookian who can access the few restricted Wikibooks software functions: deleting modules and uploaded files, protecting and unprotecting pages and blocking and unblocking IP addresses.
 * "Sysop" is a more technical designation which deals with a special user account itself, due to historical and to the Wikimedia software the "flag" that gives an Administrator its special privileges is called sysop flag that is why Administrators are sometimes called sysops (even if the definitions aren't equivalent).
 * The Administration tasks and rules are (still to be) defined on Administrators, they are not of a technical nature and are defined more than several managerial tasks that must be performed by selected groups of users that needed or requested the access to be able to perform them to the good of all the community.

How can I become an administrator?

 * It's easy. First, you need a user account. Then, make useful edits over a period of time. In this way, you prove to the community that you are here in good faith. Then, add your name to Requests for adminship. Voilà! Be sure to read Administrators and Deletion policy, and use your new "powers" with caution.

Who monitors the conduct of an administrator?

 * Administrators monitor each other; all administration tools are completely reversible by any other admin (including page and media deletions, lockings, and IP bannings). In rare cases, Jimbo Wales has to step in. In any case, the GFDL license grants you the right to fork, but all forks must be on your own servers, in accordance to policy (the fixed policy regarding fork is still under discussion you are welcomed to express your views).

How can I unban an IP?

 * Administrators can go to Special:Ipblocklist and click on "unblock" as required. Developers can unblock multiple IPs at once.

__NOINDEX__ __NONEWSECTIONLINK__

title: Help:FAQ/Administration


text:
Help talk:FAQ/Administration

Initial text adapted from en:Wikipedia:Administration FAQ --mav 08:58, 24 Aug 2003 (UTC)

title: Help talk:FAQ/Administration


text:
Help talk:FAQ/Contributing

Source of initial text
Initial text adapted from Wikipedia:Contributing FAQ --mav 08:59, 24 Aug 2003 (UTC)

Linking to wikipedia?
As a new user, I upgraded the perl book to link to all first-occurrences of foreign comp-science words to wikipedia ( ie. foo .) Today I find someone of high stature has reverted all of those links. Please advise on when a wikibook should consult with a wikipedia entry and when it shouldn't. I feel discouraged, a lot of time has been needlessly wasted. EvanCarroll 19:14, 23 September 2007 (UTC)

wording nitpick
This is super minor, but while browsing the page, the wording about the GIF patent question leapt out at me. Instead of saying ""Consult an attorney for more legal advice,"" it would probably be better to delete the word "more." It seems like, to me at least, including the word "more" suggests that the answer is in fact trying to give legal advice, which we probably shouldn't be giving the impression of. Maximilian.Klein.LRMI (discuss • contribs) 05:33, 31 December 2012 (UTC)

Broken link
In the section Help:FAQ/Contributing the link to spellonline.com seems to be broken. Does anyone know the right address?

--Maths314 (discuss • contribs) 21:05, 15 February 2015 (UTC)

title: Help talk:FAQ/Contributing


text:
Help:FAQ/Problems

Note: If you're trying to get help for a specific technical problem that isn't answered by the FAQs, try asking in the Reading room.

How do I report that something isn't working properly?

 * If you think it's a bug in the software, you can send a bug report to the developers. See Bug reports for directions. It may also be a problem with your browser; see the next question.

My web browser and Wikibooks aren't playing nice!

 * Report at Browser notes. Include a description of the problem, the name of your browser, the version number, and the operating system you are running.

How do I know if the problem is in the MediaWiki software or my browser?

 * If you have another web browser installed, you can try to reproduce the problem in both. Failing this, you can describe your problem at the Staff lounge and ask other Wikibookians if they are having a similar problem. If no one else is, it's probably a problem with your particular browser setup.

Some, but not all, images don't show up. What's wrong?

 * Usually this is caused by ad-blocking software; uploaded files are distributed into random subdirectories, and 1/256th of all images on the server end up in http://www.Wikibooks.org/upload/a/ad/, which trips off some advertisement-blocking proxies. Configure your proxy to allow this directory, and you should be fine.

Is it possible for a vandal to delete all Wikibooks pages?

 * Not really. Not even administrators can permanently and totally delete pages. Any other users could remove the text of a page, but any other user could restore the text from the history archive. If someone did an extensive attack, they could be blocked from further editing by the admins. Moreover, there are periodic backups kept of the server itself. For more on this topic, see this discussion of "wiki wipeouts" at the original Wiki.

Help - a page I am interested in has been deleted!
When you try to go to the page, you should see a notice saying who deleted the page and the reason why. If you disagree with the reason given or think the administrator made a mistake you can contact them directly on their talk page or make a general request for the page to be undeleted here. (Select "Add New Entry" in the Undeletion section.)

title: Help:FAQ/Problems


text:
Help:Database download

This page explains how to download an XML dump of the entire en.wikibooks.org site, or of one specific page. If you are trying to download the entire site, please use the XML dump instead of a web crawler.

What is MediaWiki?
The Wikimedia Foundation hosts Wikibooks on servers running the free software MediaWiki. MediaWiki is a PHP script that provides the wiki to web browsers and stores the pages in a MySQL database. MediaWiki was developed for our sister project, Wikipedia. It is now used by all wiki projects hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation, including Wikibooks itself.

To learn more about MediaWiki or to download a copy, visit:
 * http://www.mediawiki.org

How is Wikibooks copyrighted?
Contributors to Wikibooks own the copyright to their contributions, but they all grant permmission under the GNU Free Documentation License and the CC-BY-SA 3.0 license for copying, modifying, and reusing our textbooks and other content. Some embedded images and media are under other free licenses. Some copyrighted content is used under "fair use". For more information, see the page Copyrights.

How do I download my copy?
Because Wikibooks is free documentation, you are allowed to copy our content from our MediaWiki server to your own computer. You might want to download a machine-readable copy designed for human modification, that is, the Transparent Version. Or you might want to load a copy of en.wikibooks.org into your own copy of MediaWiki as a mirror. Our XML dumps fulfill both purposes.

Understanding different formats

 * Wiki markup is the format in which authors write pages for MediaWiki. This is what you see when you use the "Edit this page" tab on Wikibooks.
 * HTML is the format that web browsers understand. This is what you obtain when you use the "Save Page" function of your web browser.
 * An XML dump is a format from MediaWiki that contains the complete wiki markup of a page, plus additional information about the page such as its title. Thus an XML dump is the best format for copying the wiki markup from Wikibooks. You can also reimport an XML dump into your own copy of MediaWiki.

Downloading the ENTIRE site
The site http://download.wikimedia.org contains an entire site dump for en.wikibooks.org. To download the entire collection of textbooks:
 * 1) Visit http://download.wikimedia.org
 * 2) Look for "enwikibooks"
 * 3) Pick an XML dump and download it

Note that "enwiki" is the English Wikipedia, and does not contain any part of "enwikibooks".

Downloading some pages
The Special:Export feature allows you to download one or more pages from Wikibooks. To download some pages:
 * 1) Visit Special:Export
 * 2) Follow the instructions to submit a query
 * 3) Save the resulting XML to disk

... or just use Special:Export/Main Page to quickly get the XML dump of the Main Page, for example.

title: Help:Database download


text:
Help talk:Database download

Initial text adapted from en:Wikipedia:Database download --mav 10:00, 24 Aug 2003 (UTC)

title: Help talk:Database download


text:
Spanish/Sound Files

 * Diálogo 1 Dialogue 1
 * Diálogo 2 Dialogue 2
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Wikibooks:Requests for permissions

__NEWSECTIONLINK__ All rights available on Wikibooks are handled here, including autoreview, reviewer, importer, uploader, administrator (and interface administrator), bureaucrat, CheckUser, pseudo-bot, and bot flags. A nomination must demonstrate how the project will benefit from granting the rights.

 * Nominations
 * To nominate a user (including yourself), add their username to the appropriate section below. Please explain why you feel the nominated user would be a good choice. All registered Wikibookians may comment, and provide arguments in support or opposition. For the bot flag, technical information about the bot may be requested. See the specific requirements for each type of access on their respective pages. Please do not nominate other users unless they have already agreed to be nominated.

 * Outcome
 * Consensus does not need to be demonstrated —though discussion is welcome— in granting autoreview, reviewer, importer, and uploader flags. Administrators may use their best judgement in granting those. Interface admin was historically part of the administrator tool set and is granted on request to administrators. All other tools require community consensus and can only be granted by bureaucrats. Access to CheckUser is governed by CheckUser policy. After about one week, if there is consensus to grant access, then a bureaucrat will make it so and record the fact here. If not, a bureaucrat may refuse to grant the rights and the request will remain until a consensus is reached. The importupload permission requires a 5-day discussion before the right can be granted.

= Removal of permissions=

= Requests for permissions =

AWB usage
Hi, I had AWB enabled under my old username. I've changed username from "Rubbish computer" to "Alextejthompson". I had AutoWikiBrowser permissions enabled on my old account, but it hasn't carried over to my new one. I am planning on looking to fix common typos. Am I ok to use AWB here for that? Have any rules changed? Alextejthompson (Ping me or leave a message on my talk page) 15:14, 12 September 2023 (UTC)

 * , you can update the AWB page with your new username. We tend to be lax on this. Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 17:28, 12 September 2023 (UTC)

 * Hi, thanks for letting me know. Alextejthompson (Ping me or leave a message on my talk page) 17:30, 12 September 2023 (UTC)

Cremastra (AWB)
(AWB)

I'm requesting to have AWB access on this wiki, so that I can run w:WP:JWB to fix (or try to fix) some citation errors, and probably some typos as well. I have used JWB on English Wikipedia; you can see the edits I've done there at w:Special:Contribs/Cremastra (JWB). I know Leaderboard said above that Wikibooks tends to be lax on this, but since I'm quite new to the project I thought it best to ask. Thank-you, Cremastra (discuss • contribs) 21:30, 26 June 2024 (UTC)

 * @MarcGarver @Leaderboard I'm a bit unfamiliar with this—is this a specific right that needs to be granted? Or does the username just need to be added to AutoWikiBrowser/CheckPageJSON? —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 02:05, 27 June 2024 (UTC)
 * Hi you can just add it to the above page. In fact: we're lax here, so  can directly add it himself, as unlike en.wiki, that page is not sysop-protected. Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 05:35, 27 June 2024 (UTC)
 * Which I've done, if that's all right. Cheers, Cremastra (discuss • contribs) 12:59, 27 June 2024 (UTC)
 * For future reference, the major problem with all automation is the flaggedrevisions. If the person using the tool does not have the reviewer right, every minor edit they make will create a new version that needs reviewing manually by someone else. I recommend checking anyone requesting AWB is a Reviewer first. Which means, in this case, needs to request autoreview on the alternative account, or use their main account. Using the separate account, which is what you seem to be intending to do, is going to create the problem I mentioned MarcGarver (discuss • contribs) 07:21, 28 June 2024 (UTC)

Autoreview for Cremastra (JWB)
I am requesting autoreview for my alternate account Cremastra (JWB) to avoid flooding recent changes with unreviewed semi-automated revisions as advised above. Thank you, Cremastra (discuss • contribs) 16:24, 28 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Wikibooks:Requests for permissions