text:
User:Stuorguk~enwikibooks

BMW E30 Megasquirt & Wasted Spark ECU Convertion
This is a guide to upgrade the Motronic ECU fitted to BMW's E30 3-Series (1988 to 1991) using the after market ECU Megasquirt, and a Coil Pack for Wasted Spark. The model used in this guide, is a UK spec 1989 325i. Other models may very, particularly those models that use the pre-88 Jetronic system, which will require additional work.

Parts Needed
Megasquirt I or II Megasquirt connector & short Wiring loom Coil Pack (Vauxhall Vectra/Omega V6) Wideband O2 sensor (Innovate LC-1) Motronic Plug (scrap ECU box) TPS (Throttle Position Sensor) IAT (Intake Air Temperature sensor) Hose Wire Diodes

Megasquirt ECU
Megasquirt can be purchased in kit form or ready built. Either way, you need to order it with two additional spark outputs. See the main Megasquirt site for suppliers and constructional details. For details on wiring the additional coil drivers, see this page

Wiring the ECU loom
Wiring Megasquirt to the car, can either be done by connecting every component directly (sensors, injectors, coil etc), or reusing as much as the existing wiring as possible. In this guide, we do the latter, by gutting an old Motronic ECU box, and reusing the connector. Additional wiring will be needed for the coil outputs, and the O2 sensor. The Megasquirt box can be bolted on top of the Motronic case, or if your building MS in kit form, it's possible to put the MS circuit board into the old Motronic box.

Wiring the Coil Pack
The coil pack used, was a Vauxhall Vectra/Omega V6. It has 3 coils with 6 outputs. Spark plugs are fired in pairs, on the ignition and exhaust stroke. The M20 firing order is 1-5-3-6-2-4. The three Megasquirt outputs are A B & C

Bank A = Cylinder 1 & 6 Bank B = Cylinder 5 & 2 Bank C = Cylinder 3 & 4

Coil Pack Plug: 1 (A) Cyl 1 6 (nearest to 4 pin connector) (My Brown) 2 (B) Cyl 5 2 (My Yellow) 3 (C) Cyl 3 4 (my Blue) 4 +12v

It's more convenient to install the coil pack closest to the bulkhead, so you need to reverse the plug leads so that the shortest is at the back, longest at the front. I found a coil pack plug at a scrapyard, and used shielded 4-core cable from CPC Part:CB08732 to connect directly to Megasquirt.

Wideband O2 Sensor
Ideally the wideband sensor needs welding into a section of the exhaust pipe that sees exhaust gases from all six cylinders. This may not be practical, without using two sensors. However, you can compromise, by just sensing the gases from 3 cylinders, and assume the other 3 cylinders are the same. This is not ideal, but better than doing without.

There are 3 relays next to the expansion tank (one may be missing). One of these (the missing one!) controls the O2 sensor (if fitted). The connector for this, is under the battery tray, and can be used to power the Wideband sensor. Cut off the connector (or find a suitable plug), and use the green & white wire. The Innovate LC-1 controller requires two separate earthing points. Attach one to the body of the car, and feed the other one through the bulkhead to to the Motronic connector along with the output wires. You need to use Output 2 (brown) as this is confirured from factory for wideband use.

title: User:Stuorguk~enwikibooks


text:
Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Making soap

Re-edited info from Do-It-Yourself/Soap on WikiBooks.

Making soap
Equipment
 * Any sort of animal or vegetable fat.
 * Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH), also known as lye.
 * Glass beaker and stirring rod.
 * Bunsen burner or other means of heating solution.
 * Mold for making soap bars (any flexible plastic container).
 * Vinegar, just in case.

What to do

 * 1) Place 16 oz. of any fat, such as oil or butter in a beaker.
 * 2) In another container add 2.1 oz. (59.5 g) of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) to 6 oz. (170g) of water (do not add water to Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) - it will splatter) stir to dissolve and let cool to 110 F.
 * 3) Melt fat under low heat to 110 °F (49 °C) and add the Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) solution while stirring until the base has completely reacted with the fat (about 20 to 30 minutes)
 * 4) Pour the mixture into molds.
 * 5) Let this cool and sit for a day or two. Let the soap cakes cure for three weeks before using.

Additional Soapmaking References
 * History and Process of Soap Making
 * Cold process for Soapmaking
 * Melt and Pour process for Soapmaking
 * Rebatching technique

|

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Automobile Repair/BMW/3 Series/E30 Megasquirt and Wasted Spark ECU Conversion

'''NOTE: An updated version of this document can be found here ''' This is a guide to upgrade the Motronic ECU fitted to BMW's 3-Series (1988 to 1991) using the after market ECU Megasquirt, and a Coil Pack for Wasted Spark. The model used in this guide, is a UK spec 1989 325i. Other models may very, particularly those models that use the pre-88 Jetronic system, which will require additional work.

Background

The Motronic ECU fitted to BMWs in the late 80's whilst reliable, is somewhat outdated now. It relies on an Air Flow Meter for air intake measurement, which is more restrictive to air flow than a more modern MAF sensor. Megasquirt takes this a step further, and uses a MAP Sensor instead, removing the need for any air measurement. Megasquirt also opens the door to using an alternative ignition system, such as Wasted Spark. For the price of a new BMW distributor cap and rotor arm, Wasted spark can be added to the Megasquirt system, boosting performance (a stronger spark) and reliability (no contacts to wear out).

Advantages
 * Improved fuel economy
 * Lower emissions.
 * Improved performance
 * Solid state ignition (no dizzy cap/rotor)
 * Relatively cheap modification for benefits gained.
 * Extendability (platform for future mods - turbo/supercharging etc.).

Parts Needed

 * Megasquirt I or II (I used "Megasquirt-extra I" for this writeup)
 * Megasquirt connector & short Wiring loom
 * Coil Pack (Vauxhall/Opel Vectra/Omega V6 or Bosch 0221503002)
 * Wideband O2 sensor (Innovate LC-1)
 * Motronic Plug (or scrap ECU box)
 * TPS (Throttle Position Sensor - BMW part 0280120406/13631726591)
 * IAT (Intake Air Temperature sensor)
 * 3mm vacuum tube & T-piece.
 * Hose
 * Wire
 * Diodes
 * Megastim (optional - get it anyway, you can always sell it)

Megasquirt ECU
Megasquirt can be purchased in kit form or ready built. Either way, you need to order it with two additional spark outputs. See the main Megasquirt site for suppliers and constructional details. For details on wiring the additional coil drivers, see this page

Wiring the ECU loom
Wiring Megasquirt to the car, can either be done by connecting every component directly (sensors, injectors, coil etc.), or reusing as much of the existing wiring as possible. In this guide, we do the latter, by gutting an old Motronic ECU box, and reusing the connector. Additional wiring will be needed for the coil outputs. The Megasquirt box can be bolted on top of the Motronic case, or if your building MS in kit form, it's possible to put the MS circuit board into the old Motronic box.

DME & O2 Relays

The DME relay, and O2 relay (if used) need to be powered when the Engine/ECU is running. The simplest way to do this is connect the DME & O2 relays to megasquirts fuel pump output. In doing so I found that a strange chattering noise came from the relays when I switched off the ignition. To cure this, I added an inline diode to each of the three relays inputs. Tip: Also connect an LED (with resistor) as an indicator to the fuel pump output - it will help with diagnostics, should you run into difficulties.

Wiring the Sensors
Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) The standard E30 TPS is of no use, as all this provides is a simple on-off-on state. I found a Bosch TPS (0280120406) which bolted stright on. I made up a new connector, which plugs into the original TPS socket. An e36 m/s 50 series TPS will work, however it will need simple custom bracketry as it does not bolt right up. Remember to set the lower, and upper throttle ranges into Megasquirt, so it knows when your foot is off and full on the peddle.

Air Intake Sensor (IAT)

Push the IAT into the bellows, where the Idle Control Valve used to sit. Use a jubilee clip to hold it in place. Use a multimeter or continuity tester to find the correct pin used on the Air Flow Meter connector, then connect it to the IAT sensor.

Coolant Sensor (CLT) The standard blue temperature sensor already fitted to the engine (Bosch NTC M12) will work. It has different properties to that of the default megasquirt settings, so they will need to be changed. You can use "EasyTherm" software to do this. using the settings in the table below.

Wiring the Coil Pack
The coil pack used, was a Vauxhall Vectra/Omega V6. It has 3 coils with 6 outputs. Spark plugs are fired in pairs, on the ignition and exhaust stroke. The M20 firing order is 1-5-3-6-2-4. The three Megasquirt outputs are A B & C

Bank A = Cylinder 1 & 6 Bank B = Cylinder 5 & 2 Bank C = Cylinder 3 & 4

Coil Pack Plug: 1 (A) Cyl 1 6 (nearest to 4 pin connector) 2 (B) Cyl 5 2 3 (C) Cyl 3 4 4 +12v

It's more convenient to install the coil pack closest to the bulkhead, so you need to reverse the plug leads so that the shortest is at the back, longest at the front. I found a coil pack plug at a scrapyard, and used shielded 4-core cable from CPC Part:CB08732 to connect directly to Megasquirt.

Wideband O2 Sensor
Ideally the wideband sensor needs welding into a section of the exhaust pipe that sees exhaust gases from all six cylinders. This may not be practical, without using two sensors. However, you can compromise, by just sensing the gases from 3 cylinders, and assume the other 3 cylinders are the same. This is not ideal, but better than doing without.

There are 3 relays next to the expansion tank (one may be missing). One of these (the missing one!) controls the O2 sensor (if fitted). The connector for this, is under the battery tray, and can be used to power the Wideband sensor. Cut off the connector (or find a suitable plug), and use the green & white wire. The Innovate LC-1 controller requires two separate earthing points. Attach one to the body of the car, and feed the other one through the bulkhead to the Motronic connector along with the output wires. You need to use Output 2 (brown) as this is configured from factory for wideband use.

Vacuum tube
Use 3mm vacuum tube, with a T-piece between the intake manifold, and the fuel regulator.

Tachometer
The tachometer requires a square wave signal from the Motronic ECU, so Megasquirt will need to supply that signal instead. Normally you would just use the ECU's coil output, but since we are using Wasted Spark, we need a different signal- one that signals every spark. Thankfully, Megasquirt-extra can provide the signal needed from one of its auxiliary outputs. All you need, is a couple of resistors, and a transistor. See [] Note: I have read of some people having difficulties getting this working with BMW's tachos. You may need to increase the resistor value that connects to 12V from 1K to anything up to 100K. I used a 10K resistor, and that worked fine.

Tuning
It's best to start off with a fuel/spark map that is known to work for someone else with the same engine configuration. This is just to get you started, and not as a substitute for doing your own tuning. Before you go out on the road, you should at least make sure the engine will idle unassisted (see setting the idle). Now the fun starts.

With Autotune enabled, drive around to allow megatune to do it's job. The engine may feel rough at times, but the more you drive, the better it will get (assuming the Spark timings are not way-off). Remember to burn the table into the ECU before you switch off the engine, otherwise all will be lost.

Setting the idle
The butterfly valve on the throttle body is normally fully closed. The idle stop screw needs to be adjusted, so the butterfly valve is slightly open. Getting the right adjustment requires trial and error (and a warmed up engine). You want the idle to be around 700rpm, and the MAP sensor to show the lowest possible value. However, I found that 700rpm idle was too low for cold starts, and set the idle a bit higher. Make sure the timing is set to 16 Degrees when idling (there is a setting that can override the timing to this when there is no throttle). Be careful when turning the idle screw. Its probably never been moved since manufacture, and is easily broken (I know from experience!). Use penetrating oil first.

Sources of reference

 * MegasquirtnSpark-extra
 * E30 Zone
 * E30 Tech
 * DIYEFI.co.uk (author of this write up)


text: User:YoelBA

title: User:YoelBA


text:
User talk:81.151.33.29

This is your last warning. The next time you blank a page you will be blocked from editing Wikibooks.

Xania talk 23:44, 16 June 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:81.151.33.29


text:
Radiation Oncology/Benign/Vascular Brachytherapy

 * Subpage Level I Evidence

De novo lesions

 * BetAce; 2007 PMID 17307419 -- "Intracoronary beta-irradiation for the treatment of de novo lesions: 5-year clinical follow-up of the BetAce randomized trial." (Ferrero V, Am Heart J. 2007 Mar;153(3):398-402.)
 * Randomized. 64 de novo coronary lesions. Treated with 1) bare metal stents (control) vs. 2) intracoronary beta RT. Median F/U 5 years
 * EFS: 6-month control 35% vs. RT 13% (SS), 5-years: control 43% vs. RT 45% (NS)
 * Conclusion: Significant benefit at 6 months, no difference at 5 years

In-stent restenosis

 * Vienna; 2007 PMID 16971011 -- "Randomized comparison between intracoronary beta-radiation brachytherapy and implantation of paclitaxel-eluting stents for the treatment of diffuse in-stent restenosis." (Schukro C, Radiother Oncol. 2007 Jan;82(1):18-23. Epub 2006 Sep 12.). F/U 6 months
 * Randomized. 37 patients with diffuse in-stent restenosis. Arm 1) Beta-Cath vs. Arm 2) Taxus-Express2
 * Outcome: restenosis >50% Beta-Cath 3 patients vs. Taxus-Express2 0 patients (SS). No difference in major adverse cardiac outcomes.
 * Procedure time: Beta-Cath 60 min vs. Taxus-Express2 31 min (SS)
 * Conclusion: Significanly better restenosis rate in Taxus arm, no clinical difference

 * TAXUS V ISR; 2006 (2003-2004) PMID 16531618 -- "Paclitaxel-eluting stents vs vascular brachytherapy for in-stent restenosis within bare-metal stents: the TAXUS V ISR randomized trial." (Stone GW, JAMA. 2006 Mar 15;295(11):1253-63.)
 * Randomized. 396 patients, in-stent restenosis of previously implanted bare-metal coronary stent. Treated with angioplasty plus beta-source vascular brachy vs. paclitaxel-eluting stent. DM in 35% patients. Angiography at 9 months
 * 9-month outcome: need for ischemic revascularization: 17% vs. 10% (SS); major cardiac events: VBT 20% vs. TAXUS 11% (SS); similar rate of cardiac death and MI (4-5%)
 * Conclusion: Paclitaxel-eluting stents better than VBT for in-stent restenosis

 * SISR; 2006 (2003-2004) PMID 16531619 -- "Sirolimus-eluting stents vs vascular brachytherapy for in-stent restenosis within bare-metal stents: the SISR randomized trial." (Holmes DR Jr, JAMA. 2006 Mar 15;295(11):1264-73.)
 * Randomized. 384 patients, in-stent restenosis of previously implanted bare-metal stent. Treated with VBT or sirolimus-eluting stent. Angiography at 9 months
 * 9-month outcome: need for revascularization: VBT 19% vs. sirolimus stent 8% (SS)
 * Conclusion: Sirolimus-eluting stents superior than VBT for in-stent restenosis


text:
Radiation Oncology/Benign/Vascular Brachytherapy/Randomized

De novo lesions: Stent +/- VBT

 * BetAce, 2007 PMID 17307419 -- "Intracoronary beta-irradiation for the treatment of de novo lesions: 5-year clinical follow-up of the BetAce randomized trial." (Ferrero V, Am Heart J. 2007 Mar;153(3):398-402.)
 * Randomized. 64 de novo coronary lesions. Treated with 1) bare metal stents (control) vs. 2) intracoronary beta RT. Median F/U 5 years
 * EFS: 6-month control 35% vs. RT 13% (SS), 5-years: control 43% vs. RT 45% (NS)
 * Conclusion: Significant benefit at 6 months, no difference at 5 years

In-stent restenosis: VBT vs. drug-eluting stents

 * Vienna; 2007 PMID 16971011 -- "Randomized comparison between intracoronary beta-radiation brachytherapy and implantation of paclitaxel-eluting stents for the treatment of diffuse in-stent restenosis." (Schukro C, Radiother Oncol. 2007 Jan;82(1):18-23. Epub 2006 Sep 12.). F/U 6 months
 * Randomized. 37 patients with diffuse in-stent restenosis. Arm 1) Beta-Cath vs. Arm 2) Taxus-Express2
 * Outcome: restenosis >50% Beta-Cath 3 patients vs. Taxus-Express2 0 patients (SS). No difference in major adverse cardiac outcomes.
 * Procedure time: Beta-Cath 60 min vs. Taxus-Express2 31 min (SS)
 * Conclusion: Significanly better restenosis rate in Taxus arm, no clinical difference

 * TAXUS V ISR; 2006 (2003-2004) PMID 16531618 -- "Paclitaxel-eluting stents vs vascular brachytherapy for in-stent restenosis within bare-metal stents: the TAXUS V ISR randomized trial." (Stone GW, JAMA. 2006 Mar 15;295(11):1253-63.)
 * Randomized. 396 patients, in-stent restenosis of previously implanted bare-metal coronary stent. Treated with angioplasty plus beta-source vascular brachy vs. paclitaxel-eluting stent. DM in 35% patients. Angiography at 9 months
 * 9-month outcome: need for ischemic revascularization: 17% vs. 10% (SS); major cardiac events: VBT 20% vs. TAXUS 11% (SS); similar rate of cardiac death and MI (4-5%)
 * Conclusion: Paclitaxel-eluting stents better than VBT for in-stent restenosis

 * SISR; 2006 (2003-2004) PMID 16531619 -- "Sirolimus-eluting stents vs vascular brachytherapy for in-stent restenosis within bare-metal stents: the SISR randomized trial." (Holmes DR Jr, JAMA. 2006 Mar 15;295(11):1264-73.)
 * Randomized. 384 patients, in-stent restenosis of previously implanted bare-metal stent. Treated with VBT or sirolimus-eluting stent. Angiography at 9 months
 * 9-month outcome: need for revascularization: VBT 19% vs. sirolimus stent 8% (SS)
 * Conclusion: Sirolimus-eluting stents superior than VBT for in-stent restenosis


text:
Radiation Oncology/Randomized

Meta-analysis and Systemic Review
A

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Adolescents, Cancer in   Adrenocortical Carcinoma AIDS-Related Cancers Kaposi Sarcoma (Soft Tissue Sarcoma) AIDS-Related Lymphoma (Lymphoma) Primary CNS Lymphoma (Lymphoma) Anal Cancer Appendix Cancer - see Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors Astrocytomas, Childhood (Brain Cancer) Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor, Childhood, Central Nervous System (Brain Cancer)

B

Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Skin - see Skin Cancer Bile Duct Cancer Bladder Cancer Bone Cancer (includes Ewing Sarcoma and Osteosarcoma and Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma) Brain Tumors Breast Cancer Bronchial Tumors (Lung Cancer) Burkitt Lymphoma - see Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

C

Carcinoma of Unknown Primary Central Nervous System Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor, Childhood (Brain Cancer) Medulloblastoma and Other CNS Embryonal Tumors, Childhood (Brain Cancer) Germ Cell Tumor, Childhood (Brain Cancer) Primary CNS Lymphoma Cervical Cancer Childhood Cancers Childhood Cardiac Tumors Treatment Cancers of Childhood, Rare Cholangiocarcinoma - see Bile Duct Cancer Chordoma, Childhood (Bone Cancer) Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) Chronic Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Colorectal Cancer Craniopharyngioma, Childhood (Brain Cancer) Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma - see Lymphoma (Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome)

D

Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) - see Breast Cancer

E

Embryonal Tumors, Medulloblastoma and Other Central Nervous System, Childhood (Brain Cancer) Endometrial Cancer (Uterine Cancer) Ependymoma, Childhood (Brain Cancer) Esophageal Cancer Esthesioneuroblastoma (Head and Neck Cancer) Ewing Sarcoma (Bone Cancer) Extracranial Germ Cell Tumor, Childhood Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumor Eye Cancer Intraocular Melanoma Retinoblastoma

F

Fallopian Tube Cancer

G

Gallbladder Cancer Gastric (Stomach) Cancer Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST) (Soft Tissue Sarcoma) Germ Cell Tumors Childhood Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumors (Brain Cancer) Childhood Extracranial Germ Cell Tumors Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumors Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors Testicular Cancer Gestational Trophoblastic Disease

H

Hairy Cell Leukemia Head and Neck Cancer Heart Tumors, Childhood Hepatocellular (Liver) Cancer Histiocytosis, Langerhans Cell Hodgkin Lymphoma Hypopharyngeal Cancer (Head and Neck Cancer)

I

Intraocular Melanoma Islet Cell Tumors, Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

K

Kaposi Sarcoma (Soft Tissue Sarcoma) Kidney (Renal Cell) Cancer

L

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Laryngeal Cancer (Head and Neck Cancer) Leukemia Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer (Head and Neck Cancer) Liver Cancer Lung Cancer (Non-Small Cell, Small Cell, Pleuropulmonary Blastoma, Pulmonary Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor, and Tracheobronchial Tumor) Lymphoma

M

Male Breast Cancer Melanoma Melanoma, Intraocular (Eye) Merkel Cell Carcinoma (Skin Cancer) Mesothelioma, Malignant Metastatic Cancer Metastatic Squamous Neck Cancer with Occult Primary (Head and Neck Cancer) Midline Tract Carcinoma With NUT Gene Changes Mouth Cancer (Head and Neck Cancer) Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndromes Multiple Myeloma/Plasma Cell Neoplasms Mycosis Fungoides (Lymphoma) Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Myelogenous Leukemia, Chronic (CML) Myeloid Leukemia, Acute (AML) Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, Chronic

N

Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinus Cancer (Head and Neck Cancer) Nasopharyngeal Cancer (Head and Neck Cancer) Neuroblastoma Neuroendocrine Tumors (Gastrointestinal) Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

O

Oral Cancer, Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer and Oropharyngeal Cancer (Head and Neck Cancer) Osteosarcoma and Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma of Bone Treatment Ovarian Cancer

P

Pancreatic Cancer Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (Islet Cell Tumors) Papillomatosis (Childhood Laryngeal) Paraganglioma Paranasal Sinus and Nasal Cavity Cancer (Head and Neck Cancer) Parathyroid Cancer Penile Cancer Pharyngeal Cancer (Head and Neck Cancer) Pheochromocytoma Pituitary Tumor Plasma Cell Neoplasm/Multiple Myeloma Pleuropulmonary Blastoma (Lung Cancer) Pregnancy and Breast Cancer Primary Central Nervous System (CNS) Lymphoma Primary Peritoneal Cancer Prostate Cancer Pulmonary Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor (Lung Cancer)

R

Rare Cancers of Childhood Rectal Cancer Recurrent Cancer Renal Cell (Kidney) Cancer Retinoblastoma Rhabdomyosarcoma, Childhood (Soft Tissue Sarcoma)

S

Salivary Gland Cancer (Head and Neck Cancer) Sarcoma Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma (Soft Tissue Sarcoma) Childhood Vascular Tumors (Soft Tissue Sarcoma) Ewing Sarcoma (Bone Cancer) Kaposi Sarcoma (Soft Tissue Sarcoma) Osteosarcoma (Bone Cancer) Soft Tissue Sarcoma Uterine Sarcoma Sézary Syndrome (Lymphoma) Skin Cancer Small Cell Lung Cancer Small Intestine Cancer Soft Tissue Sarcoma Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin - see Skin Cancer Squamous Neck Cancer with Occult Primary, Metastatic (Head and Neck Cancer) Stomach (Gastric) Cancer

T

T-Cell Lymphoma, Cutaneous - see Lymphoma (Mycosis Fungoides and Sèzary Syndrome) Testicular Cancer Throat Cancer (Head and Neck Cancer) Nasopharyngeal Cancer Oropharyngeal Cancer Hypopharyngeal Cancer Thymoma and Thymic Carcinoma Thyroid Cancer Tracheobronchial Tumors (Lung Cancer) Transitional Cell Cancer of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter (Kidney (Renal Cell) Cancer)

U

Unknown Primary, Carcinoma of   Ureter and Renal Pelvis, Transitional Cell Cancer (Kidney (Renal Cell) Cancer    Urethral Cancer    Uterine Cancer, Endometrial    Uterine Sarcoma

V

Vaginal Cancer Vascular Tumors (Soft Tissue Sarcoma) Vulvar Cancer

W

Wilms Tumor and Other Childhood Kidney Tumors

Y

Young Adults, Cancer in

Randomized Evidence
(In the process of being crosslinked)
 * Anal canal
 * Benign Diseases
 * Bladder
 * Brain Metastases
 * Breast
 * Cervix
 * Cholangiocarcinoma
 * Colon
 * Endometrial
 * Epilepsy
 * Esophagus
 * Gastric
 * Gliomas
 * Head & Neck
 * Hodgkin's Disease
 * Heel Spurs
 * Kaposi's Sarcoma
 * Lung, NSCLC
 * Lung, SCLC
 * Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin's
 * Medulloblastoma
 * Mesothelioma
 * Melanoma, Cutaneous
 * Melanoma, Ocular
 * Pancreas
 * Prostate
 * Rectum
 * Sarcoma
 * Skin Non-melanoma
 * Spinal Cord Compression
 * Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
 * Testis, NSGCT
 * Thymoma
 * Vascular Brachytherapy
 * Wilms' Tumor (Nephroblastoma)
 * Hyperthermia
 * Supportive Care
 * RT Technology
 * Proton Therapy

Literature Review

 * Kentucky; 2009 PMID 19111269 -- "Randomized prospective trials of innovative radiotherapy technology are necessary." (Halperin EC, J Am Coll Radiol. 2009 Jan;6(1):33-7.)
 * "It is possible to identify innovations that should be required to meet the standard of proof of a benefit in a randomized prospective clinical trial before being introduced into widespread clinical practice."

 * NCI Canada; 2008 (1975–2004) PMID 18955452 -- "Evolution of the Randomized Controlled Trial in Oncology Over Three Decades." (Booth CM, J Clin Oncol. 2008 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print])
 * 321 reports evaluating RCT in systemic therapy for breast, CRC, and NSCLC reviewed.
 * Outcome: Number and size of RCT increased substantially. For profit sponsorship increased substantially (4% to 57%, SS). Effect size remained stable, but authors have become more likely to strongly endorse experimental arm (SS). Endorsement of experimental arm strongly associated with industry sponsorship

 * Wisconsin; 2008 PMID 18237799 -- "Randomized controlled trials in health technology assessment: Overkill or overdue?" (Bentzen SM, Radiother Oncol. 2008 Jan 29 [Epub ahead of print])

 * Oxford; 2007 PMID 17303884 -- "When are randomised trials unnecessary? Picking signal from noise." (Glasziou P, BMJ. 2007 Feb 17;334(7589):349-51.)

 * RTOG; 2005 (1968–2002) PMID 15728168 -- "Evaluation of new treatments in radiation oncology: are they better than standard treatments?" (Soares HP, JAMA. 2005 Feb 23;293(8):970-8.)
 * Review of all completed Phase III RTOG trials. 57 trials, 12734 patients
 * Outcome: survival OR for intervention arm over standard arm 1.01 (NS). Only 10% significantly better, 88% inconclusive
 * Toxicity: treatment-related mortality intervention arm worse OR 1.76 over standard arm (SS)
 * Conclusion: Results of individual trials cannot be predicted in advance

 * COG; 2005 (1955–1997) PMID 16299015 -- "Are experimental treatments for cancer in children superior to established treatments? Observational study of randomised controlled trials by the Children's Oncology Group." (Kumar A, BMJ. 2005 Dec 3;331(7528):1295. Epub 2005 Nov 18.)
 * Review of completed Phase III trials. 126 trials, 36567 patients
 * Outcome: survival OR 0.96 (NS)
 * Conclusion: New treatments in childhood cancer are as likely to be inferior as they are to be superior to standard treatments

title: Radiation Oncology/Randomized


text:
User:Ohadaloni

Vote for deletion
Not necesserily this page, but all my other contributions to wikibooks. I am not an active wikibooks contributor anymore. To my knowldge, all my submissions from the past few days are not within wikibooks guidelines, due to a misunderstanding on my part, with respect to books VS textbooks, and the definition of either.

I appologize to whomever admin did or will do any work for this, and feel free to instruct me or ask for help.

Please visit my [page] at wikipedia.

--Ohadaloni 00:46, 19 June 2007 (UTC)

You Guys are Wierd
From Votes_for_deletion

I agree. There was a great confusion between the terms book and textbook.

This sequence of events could have been prevented by simply just one of you saying: Looks like Fiction, or, wikibooks is not for books, just textbooks, that must adhere to certain standards.

I write mostly fact based fiction in research style. but most is more fiction like than balanced knowledge material.

While Evolution Theory For Kids and NoSoul are books that might eventually fit wikibooks standards, also those will not meet them any time soon.

I propose an admin would delete all my work as is demanded by the wiki guidelines. As with wikipedia, I will not myself erase the content, for the sake of clarity.

I am assuming my page will remain, though my acitivites with wikibooks will cease, so I am placing a copy of this message on my page.

--Ohadaloni 18:26, 19 June 2007 (UTC)

Post Scriptum
Not to negate my forced political stand above:

I am an educator, not a warrior.

As such my content will always present unbalanced opinion following the lines of my concept of life.

Reggy is a philosophy book, presented as a chapter inside a fiction novel. Reggy is the name I naturally also gave the entire novel. Evolution Theory For Kids is a superb pure textbook that can not be published in wikibooks mostly due to its big banging of God. NoSoul is a collection of verifiable facts regarding the human brain, composed to a single train of thought with no specific order. At this stage NoSoul is also very young. Jaccuse is a case study of an assasination attempt inside a modern day family. It is a factual, accurate, unbalanced descriotion of events.

There is no opinion, other than unbalanced opinion. The balance comes from the free disemination of information and opinion, not from its guarding police.

Unlike in the library, with wikibooks, one could say, lets delete this one, or one could say, lets fix this one.

I noticed the deleting and fixing part is what most wikibookiwhateverans do most of the time, as the content creation originality of this army is strictly forbidden.

With an Encyclopedia, the balance comes from the fact that each concept is a separate entity shared in its creation by many.

If you understand the Verifiable Statistical fact that a textbook is created by only one or a few, then you surely also understand that you will have to police its content forever if you want it to remain balanced. You will be forever at war with any creator, while hardly anyone else cares.

--Ohadaloni 05:29, 20 June 2007 (UTC)

Terminus Pride of a Volunteer
I am a proud wikipedian. I lost my pride as a wikibookedian - even thuogh this is much more fitting my life's mission - due to opinion control regulations.

I thank the creators of the wikipedia software for having enlightened me with some minor software details. I will continue to thank the wikipedia by working frantically for its declared purpose with dedication.

My textbook writings I will keep at theora.com as before, with my open souce software presenting it, aided by some tricks I learned from the wikipedia software. it is also more financially beneficial for me this way.

--Ohadaloni 06:14, 20 June 2007 (UTC)

You are free to read unbalanced textbooks if you wish
If you have enough freedom in your mind to read unbalanced thoughts and make your own judgement, those books, and a few others, are at theora.com.

My blog is also there, at the home page, usually relying on verifiable facts, and it is hillarious.

e.g.

The Big Banging of God
Here is a textbook in its entirety you can study for years and still have a lot to learn.

It discusses a very tough educational problem where many opinions are required for the purpose of balance and proper education on the subject.

The opinions in this textbook are very carefully and precisely balanced, for educational purposes.

This in itself is a form of presentation of my own opinion, and is therefore intrinsically unbalanced, regardless of my superb objectivity.

You will need to be knwoledgable or read on for quite some time to discover the validity of any of the above statements.

Reading instructions: Just continue to follow the URLs, never to return...

Any true beleiver knows that God created the planet by having created the content of the universe with the big bang, that the bible is educational, not literal, and that sciencehas advanced far more than enough for believers and atheists alike to continue banging God on this issue.

(This textbook would have looked nicer if I knew how to reference the wikipedia and the wiktionary without the arrow graphic for external links).

If this is not the future of textbooks, I don't know what is?

I saw several similar concept textbooks on the slaughterhouse list for deletion.

--Ohadaloni 06:14, 20 June 2007 (UTC)

some copyrighted work
In the Beginning Man Created God.

--Ohadaloni 06:00, 20 June 2007 (UTC)

The SS and the KGB
For the purpose of maintaining equally balanced information throughout the planet, I have decided to construct an army to eliminating all not sharing this opinion.

Will you learn how to do this one from the next wikibooks textbook?

Havn't you guys learned anything from the horrible history of Mankind?

--Ohadaloni 06:14, 20 June 2007 (UTC)

Woody Allen
It is better to actually know something before you teach it to others, and it is better to have some experience in writing textbooks, before you can teach it to others.

Not quite quoting, but I learned this fromWoody Allen.

--Ohadaloni 06:14, 20 June 2007 (UTC)

title: User:Ohadaloni


text:
User talk:222.154.18.119

Thanks for experimenting with Wikibooks. Your test worked, and has now been removed. Please use Sandbox for any other tests you want to do, since testing material in modules will normally be removed quickly. Please see the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our project. Thanks.

title: User talk:222.154.18.119


text:
Accountancy/Principles of Accounting

Accounting Operations: Credit & Debit
Accounting approaches the world of economic transactions from the viewpoint of Capital Transformation. Accounting books record the source of the Capital and the form it takes after passing through a company's productive & administrative mechanism. Since Accounting wants to capture these two pieces of information (whence the Capital comes - to what it is transformed), it needs two operations - and Accounting has indeed two and two only operations: Credit & Debit. Traditionally we always say "Debit & Credit" and we always put "Debits" to the "left" (of a page) and "Credits" to the "right" (of a page). But causally speaking, the act which the operation "Credit" captures comes first: because Credit shows the source of the Capital, while Debit shows to what the capital has been transformed before. That's why "A Debit must always equal the corresponding Credit".

Suppose now that the company's Board of Directors, after receiving the cash from the shareholders, decides to spend it in order to buy new productive equipment, striking a deal with a supplier to pay him or her after 60 days from purchasing the equipment. In order to reflect this transaction we need to record two different Accounting Entries.

A) The purchasing of the equipment under 60 days credit terms. Here, since we are buying "on credit", the supplier essentially supplies us with Capital (for 60 days). So we will Credit the Suppliers Account in order to show that we initially are buying the equipment using the suppliers capital, and we will Debit a Fixed Assets account (with equal amount) in order to show that we transformed this capital into Equipment.

B) The cash payment for the equipment after 60 days. Here Accounting sees that capital available to us in the form of Cash (the initial shareholders capital increase in cash), is transformed into Capital returned to supplier. So we will Credit our Bank Account (to show whence capital comes), and we will Debit the Suppliers Account to show to what we have transformed this capital (into Capital Returned to the Supplier).

For each transaction, the sum of credits equals the sum of debits
The difficulty is the exercise of correct categorization of which accounts to debit, which to credit, and by what amounts.

The first categorization of accounts is whether the account is an asset account, liability account, equity account, income or expense account, cash account
In general, debits increase the left side, and credits increase the right side (of the equation : assets= liabilities + equity).

Hence, debits increase asset accounts, credits increase liability accounts , credits increase equity accounts. Income can be thought as increasing equity, so credits increase income accounts. Expenses decrease equity, so it is the opposite of Income, so debits increase expense accounts.

(After a while, it becomes almost automatic to record an expense as a debit to an expense account, and a credit to an asset account (cash), or a credit to a liability account (payable); a sale as as a debit to cash, or a debit to accounts receivable, and a credit to sales account; a inventory purchase as a debit to inventory, and a credit to cash, or a credit to accounts payable ; a loan as a debit to cash in bank, and a credit to bank loan account (liability).

It is also customary, that debits are written down first, then credits, when recording initially in chronological order in the general journal).

Once these are gotten used to by practice, there may be also a need to think of contra-accounts, such as contra-asset accounts such as accumulated depreciation, or contra-equity accounts such as Recovered Bad Debts previously written off.

Forms of Capital
As the above example indicated, "capital" in the world of Accounting, can take many forms. We can state the following all-encompassing definition: Any debt of a company, with or without interest, that is not paid in cash or otherwise settled, at the moment it is recorded in the Accounting Books, becomes capital given to the company.

Essentially then, "capital given to a company" is the amount that the company must return to its creditors. And we record as "capital" even temporarily unpaid debt. For example, suppose that from the payroll of a certain month, you have deducted from the employees' salary a payroll tax that you should pay to the State. If this payment, according to the relevant laws, must be executed three months after the month to which it originates, then for these three months, the state has given to you an amount of capital equal to the Payroll tax amount.

So what are we actually seeing in a Balance Sheet?
In a Balance Sheet we have three main headlines: Assets, Liabilities, Owner's Equity (aka Equity). In many countries, Assets are shown in the left of the page, while Owners' Equity to the top right and Liabilities to the lower right.

Now, it is a fundamental Accounting rule that "Assets = Owners' Equity + Liabilities". But why?

...If we use the "Capital Transformation" approach, we can understand why: "Assets" are of course what the word Assets means. But at the same time they show to us to what the company has transformed the capital given to it by... whom?

a) The Shareholders ("Owner's Equity"), and b) Everybody Else (Liabilities). In Equity we see the amount that is to be returned to the Shareholders, after all Assets are liquidated and all Liabilities are paid in full. In that sense, "Owners' Equity" is also a liability for the company: A company does not own anything - it owes all of its Assets to somebody, Third Parties or its Shareholders. A company is a separate entity from its owners.

In Liabilities, we see the amounts that the company owes to third parties - Suppliers, Banks, Internal Revenue Service, etc. At the same time they show to us "whence the capital came".

So the right side of a Balance Sheet shows how much capital and from whom the company has managed to get at the specific moment of the balance sheet (from third parties-"Liabilities" or from its own shareholders-"Equity"). On the left side of the Balance Sheet, we see to what the company has transformed this capital-"Assets". Again, we are talking about the same capital, the same quantity. So the "right side" (Equity + Liabilities) must equal the "left side" (Assets).

Alternative views of accountancy principles
Accountancy may have been an elaboration of an accidental discovery, much like the tale Archimedes and the bathtub discovery of water volume displacement equals floating object volume. Some idly rich mathematicians found that assets equals liabilities plus equities.

The official story is that accountancy was first systematically expounded by Luca Pacioli in the Renaissance, who in a section of a mathematical book he is generally thought to have written, describes the Venetian method, or double entry accounting.

Double entry accounting maintains the assertion or constraint that assets = liabilities + equity. It gives rise to the concept of periodic trial balances, where the equation is checked at the end of a period. There is also a concept of closing entries, where in addition to the more permanent account types of asset accounts, liability accounts, and equity accounts, there are temporary operational income accounts and expense accounts, which are updated ideally throughout a period of operation, or as a minimum, before the end of a reporting period with journalised historical data, and closed off, i.e. the result of income minus expenses is added to equity, and the temporary income and expense accounts made to have zero balances for the next reporting period.

There is also the concept of accrual vs cash accounting: cash accounting requires an entry whenever cash is exchanged, so doesn't record borrowings or loans, and therefore isn't very sufficient, whereas accrual accounting makes a recording whenever an enforceable or highly probable obligation arises for the future movement of cash to an entity (receivables, a subtype of asset), or out of an entity (liabilities) occur.

Because there are transactions that are accrued, they record an obligation, later transactions are needed to record when obligations are met. Some obligations gradually are met over time, so are calculated according to the amount of time that has expired since the last calculation was made and recorded, and these fall under the category of adjusting entries. Examples of end of period adjusting entries include the recording depreciation, usage of prepaid expenses such as insurance, rent, the performance of services paid in advance by customers (unearned revenue fulfillment). End of period adjusting entries are made before the closing entries that closes off temporary income and expense accounts and updates equity.

There are other uses of adjusting entries, such as in adjusting entries for subsequent periods. These occur because end of period deadlines may be straddled by the periods for which prepayments exist, or periods for which current liabilities fall due, and because these are only partially accounted for in the end of period adjusting entries.

Illustrative example of role of adjusting entries
Pay day is fortnightly and last falls on June 23 for the last accounting period, so on 30 June, a end of period adjusting entry is made to salaries payable for the employee Joe who earns $2000 per fortnight, and an entry is made to salaries payable for $1000, or 7 days of 14 days. Closing entries then close off the salary expense account to zero balance, as profit is calculated as sum of income minus sum of expenses and added to equity (owner capital), and any owner drawings are subtracted from capital. Then pay day occurs on 7 July in the next period, but instead of debiting $2000 from salary expense as usual, $1000 is debited from salary payable (which removes the previous recorded liability), and $1000 is debited to salary expense, (the other side of the double entry is a credit of $2000 to the cash-in-bank asset account, which is unchanged from the normal entry). This non-regular apportioning of an entry to account for end of period adjustments is termed adjusting entries for subsequent periods. As a side note, this irregularity of entry can be avoided by making preempting adjusting entries at the beginning of a period, which are quite artificial : these are called reversing entries.

In the previous example, the opening reversing entry would be a debit to salary payable of $1000 and a credit of salary expense of $1000, leaving the salary expense account in the situation of being $1000 in credit (if there is only Joe on the payroll) since the salary expense account was cleared to zero with a closing entry from the last period (this situation seems artificial because expense accounts are normally in debit). However, this allows the normal pay day entry on the 7th July for $2000 dr to salary expense, to leave the salary expense account in the correct $1000 DR balance, given the other $1000 had been previously accounted for in the previous period (it was recorded as the end of period accrued adjusting entry to salary expense mentioned at the start of the example ; even though there had been no exchange of cash at the time, the work had been done and therefore owed).

Basic financial statements from the adjusted trial balance
The usefulness of double entry accounting is that the equation assets equals liabilities plus equities should always hold after each double entry, and can be done once after adjusting entries are made, called an adjusted trial balance. From the adjusted trial balance, 3 different parts can be used to produce 3 basic reporting statements, the income statement, the statement of change of equities and the ending balance sheet.

Each statement depends on the previous statement. The income statement is a summary of the temporary income and expenses accounts, and states a profit. The profit is shown in the statement of change of equity, where beginning capital amount is added to the profit from the period, any drawings amount subtracted, and the ending capital amount is determined.

Thirdly, the balance sheet shows the ending amounts of the permanent accounts (excluding income and expense accounts, which have been closed off), with the ending capital from the statement of change of equity as the capital stated in the equity section. It will show that the sum of the asset accounts less the sum of the liabilities, is equal to the ending capital (equity).

Why financial statements, or why accountancy ?
Another view of accountancy principles is existential justification. When isn't it necessary to practice accountancy ? Some people feel accountancy is mainly of benefit when a certain threshold of money is involved, and there is use of other people's money. It is those other parties that need to be accounted to. Otherwise, accountancy becomes an exercise of not letting oneself defraud oneself unwittingly.

If a need for accountancy exists, what qualities make it sufficient ?
If it is given that a need exists for accountancy - e.g. some hotshot is playing with some retiree's lifetimes earnings, and could lose it to some undeserving employee of a merchant bank who spends it on cocaine and a collection of porsches, it may be useful to name what qualities might make the results of doing accountancy useful.

4 memorable qualities might be understandable, relevant, reliable, and comparable.

Financial statements should be understandable :usually they are, because there is almost a standard format for statements of income, change in equity, balance sheet, and cash flow. Even so, it is still common practice that these understandable items aren't analysed by spruikers of investing opportunities in a standard way.

Even if the statements are understandable, they could suffer from being irrelevant or unreliable.

Relevance / materiality means if something is included or excluded from financial statements, it can affect the economic decisions of investors if the opposite was true. Including immaterial stuff can paint a too rosy picture, and excluding material stuff can be hiding big problems.

Reliability sounds like relevance, and it begs the question as to whether something can be relevant and unreliable, but it appears to mean that one should not take the accrual principle too far. Examples of accrual in action, is the allowance for bad debts, and provisions for contigent liabilities. As an example of something unreliable is making a recording of an asset some financial product backed by subprime mortgage parcels. Another, which might also lack relevance, is having a major controlling shareholding in a company financed by margin lending, and this amount of equity included in the previous balance sheet. The major shareholder is a separate accounting entity, so doesn't have to reveal his liabilities in the balance sheet, but the amount stated as shareholder equity is in hindsight, unreliable, after a margin call is made.

Another example of unreliable accounting, is having an accumulated provisions for the possibility of fire account as a cash account reserved in theory for the provision, instead of buying prepaid insurance for a specific amount, as the latter is more reliable because there is documentation, a provisioned amount is certain and it is probable that it sufficiently provides for the contingency. Finally, comparability means that accounting is done similar enough to other companies to make comparisons, as well being able to compare the accounts between different accounting periods of the same company, because enough information is given when policy changes are made, e.g. to the type of accounting made for inventory.

title: Accountancy/Principles of Accounting


text:
Install osDate

To install osDate is simple, quick and easy. Before you start, you need to know a few things first.

 * You can download software to load on your own personal computer, that turns your computer into a webserver. This server is not accessible to other people who access the internet, unless you have set the configurations for people to do so. This is done by web developers to develop and test websites "locally" first, before the website is loaded to a "live" webserver for the public or other parties to access. This is called a local server.
 * A live webserver refers to a webserver that is specifically setup for hosting websites, and in general can be accessed by anyone who has internet connectivity.

Hosting
Quite obvious, isn't it? You need to have a website hosting solution to host your website. Get a hosting solution that is suitable for your needs. The technology you need to meet your requirements will change because it is always advancing. At the time of writing, typically you'd need:

On the server side:

 * PHP 4.3.0 or higher
 * MySQL 3.23 or higher
 * Ability to change the permissions of files and folders
 * PHP GD or GD2
 * Flash 7 Player or higher

On the client (your) side:

 * An FTP client. The FTP client is an application that allows you to transfer files from your computer to the webserver.
 * Cpanel access. Cpanel access to the webserver is vital, as you will need to log into the admin side of your user account on the webserver to be able to create a new database.

Download Installation Files And Patches
The Domain tutfat.com is NOT registered with the same owner and so osdate script and help files are NOT available on tutfat.com, so a waste of all resources, unless you get all files from some other domain owners.

 * Download the latest version of osDate
 * Download the patches and updates
 * Patch the files before uploading to the server.

Patching normally involves replacing existing files with the new "patches", for example, in the downloaded patches, there could be a folder called public_html, and in this folder there might be a file called config.php . What you do now is this:

In the downloaded installations files folder, you look for the folder called public_html, and in that folder you look for the file called config.php . You now replace the original config.php  file in the public_html folder from the original downloaded files with the new config.php from the downloaded patches files.

Simple, isn't it?

Load The Files To The Webserver
Using your FTP Client, create a directory in your user account folder to load the files to. Call it what you like, for example osdate. In this newly created folder (osdate), create another folder and name it what your website will be called. For example: my-dating-site.

The directory structure should look something like this:

your_user_account\osdate\my_dating_site

Using your FTP Client, upload the files to this directory on the webserver. Use an FTP client that has an Auto function.. Core FTP has been used for a few years with no issues, set it to Auto and forget it.

Setting File And Folder Permissions
These settings are for the files and folders on the webserver.

Using your FTP Client, right click on a folder or file, in the pop-up menu, click on properties, and there the properties (CHMOD) for that file or folder will be displayed. Before installation:

In the "public_html" folder, set the following folder permissions:

FOLDER ==> banners      ==> change CHMOD to ==> 777

FOLDER ==> cache        ==> change CHMOD to ==> 777

FOLDER ==> emailimages  ==> change CHMOD to ==> 777

FOLDER ==> temp         ==> change CHMOD to ==> 777

FOLDER ==> templates    ==> change CHMOD to ==> 777

FOLDER ==> templates_c  ==> change CHMOD to ==> 777

FOLDER ==> userimages   ==> change CHMOD to ==> 777

In the folder "public_html", set the following file permissions:

FILE ==> config.php     ==> change CHMOD to ==> 777

In the public_html folder, there is another folder called forum.

In the forum folder, set the following file permissions:

FILE ==> config.php     ==> change CHMOD to ==> 777

After installation set the file permissions as low as possible. Start with 400. Some servers will not allow permissions lower than 644.

Create A Database
Using phpMyAdmin, in the CPanel of your user account on the webserver, create a database on your server and name it your_database_name. I suggest using a simple name related to what your site is going to be called. For this tutorial, I will name the database mydatabase.

osDate Installation Screen (1)
You are now ready to begin the installation. Using your webbrowser, enter the location of your osDate files:

If osDate is installed on a local server, in your browser's addressbar you will type in: localhost/osdate/my_dating_site.

your_user_account\osdate\my_dating_site

If osDate is installed on a live server (non-local server), in your browser's addressbar you will type in: www.yourdomain.com (or net, or org, or whatever yours is)" if your osdate is the main part of your site.

If osdate will only be a secondary feature of your site, i.e., you want your main site to load, then people will click on a link to actually access the osDate part of it), then put your osDate files into another folder within your public_html documents, and access it like so: www.yourdomain.com/thefolderosdateisin/.

Don't forget to change the Doc Root entry in your configuration files to show you have placed it in a secondary folder. Instead of it being "/", it would now be "/thefolderosdateisin/"

The following screen will appear:

Click on install.php in the above screen to continue.

osDate Installation Screen (2)
The next screen will appear after clicking on "install.php".

If there are any errors, or you didn't set the correct file and folder permissions first, the following screen will appear.

You can use the script to fix the errors, I just find it easier to do the CHMOD settings using my FTP Client.

If there are no errors, a screen will appear - click on Continue

osDate Installation Screen (3)
The next screen will appear - fill in the relevant information.

Database Name: (enter your database name here) mydatabase

Database User: (enter the database username here) your_user_account_name

Database Password: (enter the database password here, if you created one) your_database_password

Database Host: (the default is localhost) usually localhost

Database Type: (the default is MySQL) This is the type of database that is running on the webserver

Table Prefix: (the default is osdate) Change this if you want to, but can be left as is.

Document Root: /osDate/my_dating_site/public_html/ (leave default)

Admin Password: (enter the password you want to use for the admin section of your dating site)

Confirm Password: (re-enter the password you want to use for the admin section)

Default Language: (the default is English) (leave this as default, will install later)

Country: (the default is United States) (select the country where the webserver is)

If you load extra languages at this point, the installation may time out. Rather leave it until the whole installation has completed successfully and then load the other languages you want to install from the Admin Page.

When all is done, and all the information is correct, you can continue. Click on Continue. If any of the information you entered is incorrect, you will be returned to the above screen with an error message.

Edit the information and make sure that this time the information is correct and click on Continue

osDate Installation Screen (4)
If you try to load zip codes at this stage, there is a chance that the server may time out. Rather leave it until the whole installation has been finalized, and then you can load zip codes from the Admin Page. Don't select any zip codes, and click on Continue without loading

osDate Installation Screen (5)
Dance around the room or office, as you are very close to being finished!

Click on Continue

osDate Installation Screen (6)
In this screen you enter your SMTP settings. This will all depend on how your hosting is setup, and how you want the mail to be sent.

More on this to follow soon!

After entering the correct information, and making sure all is correct, click on Continue

osDate Installation Screen (7)
The next screen will appear:

*** CONGRATULATIONS ***!!

osDate is now successfully installed!

But wait!

We are not quite finished yet!!

After installation set the file permissions as low as possible. Start with 400. Some servers will not allow permissions lower than 644.

Click on Finish to continue... ...

osDate Installation Screen (8)
On live webservers you might get an error screen, telling you to delete a list of files and folders and then to click Reload osDate. Using your FTP client, delete these files, and folders from the webserver, and then click on Reload osDate. If you installed onto a local server, the next screen you should see is a dating site with predominately blue colors!

CONGRATULATIONS!

osDate is now installed and ready to be configured!

 * tips hat*

title: Install osDate


text:
Radiation Oncology/Heel Spurs/Randomized

RT dose 3.0 Gy vs. 6.0 Gy

 * Offenbach, 2007 (Germany) PMID 17225939 -- "Radiation Therapy for Painful Heel Spurs : Results of a Prospective Randomized Study." (Heyd R, Strahlenther Onkol. 2007 Jan;183(1):3-9.)
 * Randomized. 130 patients with painful heel spurs. RT low-dose 3 Gy in 0.5 Gy/fx twice weekly vs. high-dose 6 Gy in 1.0 Gy/fx twice weekly
 * Outcome: 6-month excellent/good LD 66% vs. 68% (NS)
 * Conclusion: RT effective, shouldn't give more than 3 Gy