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Knowing Knoppix/Other applications

Knoppix includes many other useful and fun applications. There isn't space to describe them all fully here. In this section are some of the highlights to look out for. = Graphics =

The Gimp
The GNU Image Manipulation ProgramWikipedia article (The Gimp) is a wonderful graphics editor. It is for painting, image editing and photo retouching. Many people think The Gimp is the greatest thing after Linux itself.

 * To start using it in KDE, click K menu -> Multimedia -> Graphics -> The Gimp.
 * In twm, click on the desktop, hold down the mouse button for the Main Menu and follow through Debian > Apps > Graphics > The GIMP.

The screenshot thumbnail shows Wilber, the Gimp's mascot. Wilber was created by Tuomas Kuosmanen, also known as “Tiger T”. Underneath is the Gimp Toolbox, and a Brushes dialog.

ImageMagick
ImageMagick is the mainstay of classic Knoppix versions (those older than 6.0) and typically takes less resources than The GIMP, so resource usage depends on actual image size.

ImageMagick contains many image editing features, which for an advanced user manifest in the number of command-line utilities; For common users, it uses an X GUI for showing and changing images called IMDisplay.

Invoking

 * KDE: K menu > Multimedia > Viewers > ImageMagick
 * twm: Main Menu > Debian > Apps > Viewers > ImageMagick
 * From the console ImageMagick is invoked with either the  or   command. The latter command sequence with an ampersand   is preferable, as it separates the ImageMagick window from the console.

Characteristics
In Knoppix, ImageMagick typically starts up with a default image and a file open dialog. To access functions outside opening a file right away, the user must close the filepicker and click once on the default image, which will open the Commands window.

Thus clicking on an image (not just the default image) opens or closes the Commands window.

ImageMagick uses a very basic graphical user interface (GUI), much of which consists of the Commands window, function menus and manipulation dialogs, all of which must be operated with a mouse.

Clicking a function button opens a command menu, but moving the mouse cursor away or clicking on other windows does not close menus (at least in twm). A user can have one menu be closed by clicking on another menu button to access functions there; to close a menu until further use, the user must click on the "Image Magick" logo in the Commands window.

Closing an image window from a window manager also closes ImageMagick.

Caveats
In Knoppix 4.0.2 it is impossible to make screenshots with ImageMagick (or through a command line with ) because of a bug.

Typically, screenshots can be made through File > Open > Grab, but that won't work; editing the File Open textarea's content from  to something else won't help and the program will yield this error text: unable to open image `/ramdisk/knoppix/x:': No such file or directory : [empty space for text]

The solution is to use either of the following alternatives in order of resource usage (the list is slightly subjective):
 * KSnapshot, which uses underlying libraries of KDE and its framework. Invoked through
 * KDE: K Menu > Graphics > Screen Capture Program
 * twm: Main Menu > Debian > Apps > Graphics > KSnapshot
 * Command line:

 * The GIMP;
 * and —

X Window Dump
X Window Dump, or xwd for short, is a command-line app for making screenshots. Being the least resource-intensive of all, it dumps an image of either a targeted window or the whole screen. The simplest way to invoke the program: xwd -out imagename.xwd & This changes the mouse cursor to a crosshair pixmap for targeting a window or a free area (the desktop) for the whole screen. The dumped screenshot can then be converted to PNG with ImageMagick. For more on xwd and making PNG screendumps from the outset, see Starting Sessions#Making screenshots from the Guide to X11 wikibook or the xwd man page.

In twm, one can write the command in the rxvt console whilst not yet executing it, then iconify the rxvt window and move its icon to an accessible area. The user can then bring up a desired visual setup for the screenshot, move the mouse over the rxvt icon (and not de-iconify it) and then press enter.

This works by way of an rxvt window being able to receive input even when iconified, with the mouse cursor hovering above the icon either on the desktop or in the TWM Icon Manager. — Such behaviour in Knoppix has been observed to be specific to rxvt only.

In Knoppix 4.0.2, xwd is unable to capture the main OpenOffice.org window or the root window showing the main OO.o window, if screen color depth for Knoppix has been set to 16 bits (65,536 colours) with the  startup parameter. Attempting to make a screenshot at that color depth will yield an error. This may be because of OO.o's use of gradients in its user interface.
 * Caveat

The solution is to try to make a screenshot with GIMP or to run Knoppix with color depth of at least 24 bits; monitor and video adapter combinations not supporting such a set-up are few and far between.

= Office applications =

OpenOffice.org office suite
OpenOffice.org is the slowest but most powerful office application in Knoppix. OpenOffice.org combines word processing, spreadsheets, presentations, drawing, and databases in one huge package.

On older computers, OpenOffice.org versions 2.x and earlier may take several minutes to start, because the application takes its time loading language aids (dictionaries and thesauri). Every successive version of the package has more language aids with it.

For instructions on how to disable writing aids and other optimization tips, see the Performance Tips chapter from the OpenOffice.org book.

As part of framework changes, language aids are integrated in the form of separate extension modules with OO.o 3.0 and later and language modules' default amount reduced as a result (as usual, every language-specific installation of OO.o still includes the modules specific to its respective package).

Starting with Knoppix 6.4.3, the distribution has switched to LibreOffice, a functionally equivalent fork of OpenOffice.org.

Invoking
To begin using OpenOffice.org: Click K menu -> Office -> OpenOffice.org -> OpenOffice. In Knoppix 4.0.2, OpenOffice.org is absent from the default menu; This means that other window managers in Knoppix lack the relevant menu hooks, too. A user can start OO.o from the command line, or rectify this situation by adding the following preformatted text to the local .twmrc file:
 * In KDE:
 * In twm:

• Add text (boldfaced here for emphasis) into the section (within curly brackets) of the Debian submenu: menu "/Debian" {  "Apps" f.menu "/Debian/Apps" "OpenOffice.org" f.menu "/Debian/OOo" "Games" f.menu "/Debian/Games" "Help" f.menu "/Debian/Help" "Screen" f.menu "/Debian/Screen" "System" f.menu "/Debian/System" "XShells" f.menu "/Debian/XShells" } • Then add the following (avoid pasting inside other menu sections):menu "/Debian/OOo" { "Writer" f.exec "soffice -writer -nocrashreport &" "Web" f.exec "soffice -web -nocrashreport &" "Calc" f.exec "soffice -calc -nocrashreport &" "Impress" f.exec "soffice -impress -nocrashreport &" "Math" f.exec "soffice -math -nocrashreport &" "Global" f.exec "soffice &" }
 * ^ Using the  flag for   alone causes OO.o to launch with Writer;   or   command-line flags are thus not necessary.

 * In a computer environment with a limited amount of useful (RAM) memory, using the  command-line option disables invoking the crash reporter, if it happens that OO.o crashes and OO.o's document recovery mechanism and crash reporter are invoked at next program start.

 * The crash reporter would ask for confirmation to send crash data to Sun Microsystems (acquired by Oracle in 2010). If the crash reporter does appear, then it's best not to send crash data, because Knoppix has moved away from OpenOffice.org to LibreOffice and it's pointless to send crash data about earlier OO.o versions.

• Save  and restart twm.

soffice [-writer|-web|-calc|-impress|-math] [-nocrashreport] & ^ Flags in square brackets to start different OO.o apps are optional.
 * Command line:

KOffice
KOffice is a simple office suite, for word-processing, spreadsheet, drawing, presentations and other tasks. Unlike OpenOffice, KOffice is quick to start. To begin, click K menu -> Office -> KOffice, then click the program you would like to use.

KOffice is present in Knoppix versions of up to 3.1–3.3 and 4.0.2–5.3.1. CD variants of these versions of the distribution might not contain it.

Gnumeric
Gnumeric is a powerful standalone spreadsheet application. Like KOffice, Gnumeric is quick to start. To begin, click K menu -> Office -> Gnumeric.

Gnumeric is present in Knoppix versions up to 3.1–3.3; 4.0.2–5.3.1 and 6.2.1–6.4.4 (the latest version). Modern CD variants might not contain it.

AbiWord
AbiWord is a simple word standalone processor. To get started, click K menu -> Office -> AbiWord word processor. Compared to OpenOffice Writer and KOffice, abiword is lighter with less bloat.

= Wine = Wine is an application compatibility layer that allows programs written for Windows to run in Linux. Its self-explanatory meaning has become a recursive backronym, which is Wine Is Not an Emulator.

Knoppix has typically included a contemporary snapshot of the program's releases, which are more outdated with every older version of the distribution. While Wine can run a large variety of Windows applications, then there are some that won't run with it, and some apps that may run with varying degrees of success.

Invoking
One way to invoke a Windows program though Wine is through the command line: $ wine /path/to/application.exe & Assuming an existing Windows installation on a hard drive, programs can be run from there by mounting the hard drive: $ mount /mnt/hda1 and then invoking Wine to run an application originally made for Windows: $ wine "/mnt/hda1/Program Files/K-Meleon/k-meleon.exe" &
 * ^ Because the  folder contains a space, the whole path must be surrounded with double quotes.

In either case, the Wine Launch Window will start, to notify the user of the activity. The launch window can be set not to be shown in the future when invoking Wine.

If Wine hasn't been run before, the Wine launch processes create necessary configuration folders and support files and then launch the requested application (the K-Meleon browser in this case).

After exiting a Window program, Wine will show either a status message that the program closed with success or an error message. A number of seconds may pass between the apparent program exit and the status message.

Caveats present in Knoppix 4.0.2
Depending on a version of Knoppix, Wine might or might not be included in the default menu file.

The following are caveats specific to Knoppix 4.0.2. Wine version 20050725 is a pre-beta release and running Windows software with that may not be easy:

 * The Wine menuitem is not in the default menu file in Knoppix 4.0.2;
 * Shortcut menus of programs that use the native Windows widget toolkit are inaccessible; Commands from the menu bar can only be accessed classic Mac-style: by clicking on a menu item and holding the mouse button down the menu to reach and invoke a command. (This has been observed in the twm window manager.)
 * Standard text find functionality does not work, while alternative implementations do (examples are various find bars);
 * Some newer applications' functionality is hampered: For example, the URL bar in K-Meleon 1.5.4 is not functional — URLs can be entered by editing bookmarks and then accessing those.

Non-permanence
After using a Windows program through Wine, saving the configuration and restarting the computer with said configuration, launching Windows programs becomes impossible because of very slightly corrupted file paths. A workaround is to delete the  configuration directory in the local user folder:
 * ^ Where:  (remove) is the delete command,   stands for recursive (deletes the folder),   stands for force [delete], which does not ask for confirmation before deletion (therefore no verbosity).

— After that, it's possible to run the programs again but any Wine settings are then also deleted.

Font issues
By default, Windows programs' UI texts are displayed in a font called Adventure, which is shown in small type, and is ugly and unsuitable for use in user interfaces. This is because of a bug in Wine, which has been fixed in later versions, but software on a Live-CD distribution is static and therefore requires a workaround described below.

Upon starting a Windows program for the first time, Wine creates Windows-like support directories and files, along with the Windows fonts directory in the virtual "C" hard drive, the path of which in Knoppix is:

/home/knoppix/.wine/drive_c/windows/fonts The above  directory is empty and Wine defers to a fallback font, which for some reason is Adventure.

A usual way to solve this issue on permanent Linux installations is to populate the directory with standard fonts, either those made specifically for Windows or with substitutes.

Because of a Live CD's typically non-permanent nature and above caveats, the workaround for a normal user interface font is to create a symbolic link for  to a specific font directory created in Linux, but all this is effective only after   configuration and support folders and files have been created by running a Windows executable for the first time. Symlinking to a font directory goes like this:
 * ^ The dollar  sign is traditionally the command-line marker;   is the linking command,   stands for symbolic, the first path is the target path, the second path is the one from which the target is linked to. The symbolic link can be removed in the   directory with a simple   command.

If a user is consistently using Knoppix 4.0.2 with the configuration saving method, then they can add a command sequence with the above command into their window manager menu file, especially because of the non-permanent nature of Wine configuration data.

The following complex, yet handy, example set of commands for the twm window manager assume the presence of an existing hard drive and a Windows installation on it. The sequence of commands first mounts the hard drive, then starts Wine, which will create support folders and files to launch a screen saver, and then links the actual font folders. The Blank Screen screensaver is one of the smallest possible native Windows apps to close with the least amount of user input (moving a mouse cursor in the screen saver window), which means that the program will close almost by itself.

The highlighted part of configuration text is to be added:
 * ^ The  line following   inserts a line break.   mounts the hard drive. The colon   ensures that the next command is started only after the previous command has been completed. Because   contains a space, the whole path to it must be wrapped in double quotes; these, in turn, must be escaped with a backslash   so as not to break the command sequence. The   option starts the screensaver and not its configuration applet; As the option's trigger character is a forward-slash, which serves to separate directory names in Unix and like systems, then it's also escaped with a backslash   just to be on the safe side. Double ampersands   serve to execute one and another command, and the last ampersand ensures the command or command sequence separates from its originator.

Settings specific to TWM
Twm is a window manager, which by the standards of today and at least 21 years back(as of 2011) exhibits non-standard behaviour for a windowing environment, where a program window is rendered only after the user has specified its location by moving the window's skeleton crosshairs to a desired place on the screen and then clicking the main mouse/pointer button.

First off, after launching Wine to run a Windows program, Wine will invoke the Wine Launch Window and then the Windows program itself. This is two instances of moving a pointer and clicking the primary button, which makes four movements. And setting the font right in Knoppix 4.0.2 beforehand will total eight movements.
 * The following instructions are meant to reduce the amount of user input when running Wine and setting up fonts for it

One workaround is to click the "Never display this message again" button in the Wine Launch Window. The button is self-explanatory.

Nevertheless, the Wine Launch Window also serves the purpose of showing launch status of Wine and some users might want to keep seeing it appear.

Avoiding window skeleton crosshairs by specifying window geometry won't work with Wine, because Wine launches more than one window, and at least one of them is not native to X.

The workaround is in twm's  config file to have the Wine Launch Window start in iconified form: This will remove the need for the user to place the launch window somewhere. (More windows can be in each following line added by specifying the exact window title or app command with the same syntax.)

Secondly, when setting user interface fonts right for Wine-run apps, a screen saver program is used to invoke Wine itself (See Font issues above). Because it's a screen saver, it requires the least amount of user input to quit the app, which is why it won't require a title bar (for some reason, attached to the screen saver by default), so as to have the least distance between the cursor and the screensaver proper to dismiss it in nearly a click. The  setting for the screen saver window in the .twmrc file applies here: The user then clicks to render the screen saver to just move the mouse cursor southeast to close the applet. This should take only a second or two.

= Toys and amusements =

KStars planetarium
KStars shows the position of the stars and planets in the sky in real time. KStars can show the view of the sky from hundreds of locations around the world. It also has a catalogue of planets, stars and other objects. To start using KStars, click K menu -> Entertainment -> Science -> KStars.

Frozen Bubble
Frozen Bubble is an arcade style bubble bursting game for one or two players. The idea is to hit two or more other bubbles of the same colour to make them disappear. To start, click K menu -> Games -> Tetris-like -> Frozen-Bubble.

KSokoban
KSokoban is a gemstone-pushing puzzle game. The object of the game is to move the red diamonds onto the green squares, only by pushing the red diamonds. Move the man using the cursor keys. To begin, click K menu -> Games -> Tactics & Strategy -> KSokoban.

GTans
GTans is a shape-building puzzle game. Move, rotate and flip the shapes to make the larger shape shown on the right hand side. To start, click K menu -> Games -> Puzzles -> GTans.

= Installing Applications not included on the CD =

About UnionFS
Starting with Knoppix 3.8 and higher, there is a new feature included and enabled by default called UnionFS. This enables ANY file on the filesystem to be changed, and when it is the new file is stored on the RAMdisk, and the system knows not to refer to the "old" version of the file on the CD.

This feature is important to allow you to add software that is not included with the Knoppix distribution easily while running the system from any Internet connected computer (high speed connection recommended).

Installing Packages
You will be using the standard debian packaging tool, apt-get. Don't worry, apt-get is really easy to use.

sudo apt-get update http://packages.debian.org sudo apt-get install packagename where "packagename" is replaced with the name of the package you want to install.
 * 1) First, go to a command prompt with konsole and type in:
 * 1) What this does is update the listing of available packages. "sudo" runs the command as the super-user, which must be done when working with apt-get.
 * 2) Next, find the package you want. You can find a searchable listing of all packages available for debian at:
 * 1) After finding your package, type in at the konsole prompt:

As an example, say you want to work with the kdegames package (which includes all the games included by default with the K Desktop Environment). FYI, this package includes a wide range of games, from remakes of classic arcade games, board games, as well as card games.

All you have to do is type at the prompt:

sudo apt-get install kdegames

Miscellaneous Notes
You are limited in the amount of packages you can install by the amount of your physical RAM. When you run apt-get, it will tell you the amount of space the packages take up. Watch how many packages you install, if you have 256 MB of RAM it's probably not wise (but may be possible) to install about 230 MB of packages.

If the lack of packages on the CD concerns you, don't worry. There is now a Knoppix Live DVD, which includes over 9 gigs of software (uncompressed) on the DVD... All your favorite packages are likely included on this DVD!

To install more than one package, simply put a space between each package you want to install, like this:

apt-get install kdegames planetpenguin-racer gnome-games bsdgames

Note to all debian users. Anyone who has used debian before will probably be itching to issue apt-get upgrade You are urged not to do this as knoppix has many custom scripts that apt-get upgrade seems to break.

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Knowing Knoppix/Identifying hardware

= Common hardware = Knoppix has built-in hardware identification. This means Knoppix can identify the make and model of a huge range of common PC components, such as processors, graphics cards, network cards, and so on. To use the hardware identification: The most useful categories are:
 * 1) Click K Menu.
 * 2) Click System.
 * 3) Click Info Center.
 * 4) The Info Center application will come up. On the left side are the various categories. Click a category to view the details.
 * Processor (Central Processing Unit).
 * Memory (Random Access Memory, or RAM).
 * Partitions (partitions on hard disks and other drives).
 * PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect cards).
 * PCMCIA (credit-card sized cards for laptops. PCMCIA stands for Personal Computer Manufacturer Interface Adapter).
 * Storage Devices (hard disks and other drives).
 * USB Devices (Universal Serial Bus peripherals).
 * Note :If you plug in a new USB device, and you are already on the USB Devices page, choose any other category and then select USB Devices again to refresh the list.

= Listing hard disks = To get a listing of the hard disk drives in the computer, including the make and model of each one:
 * 1) Click the Konsole (bottom row, 6th from the left).
 * 2) Enter the following command, then press Enter.
 * 3) The  command shows the “kernel messages”. You will get quite a lot of output. Scroll up about two-thirds of the way until you see lines like this:  The example above is from a computer with IDE drives. It has one hard disk drive and two CD drives. The primary master (hda) is a “Seagate Technology 320410A” hard disk drive. “ATA” stands for “AT Attachment”. The secondary master (hdc) is a DVD drive and the secondary slave (hdd) is a CD writer.
 * Tip
 * To see only the lines from  that contain the letters “hd”, enter:
 * The “|” character is a vertical bar, not a capital “i”.
 * On a UK keyboard layout, the vertical bar is on the key between “Z” and the left “Shift”.
 * On a UK keyboard layout, the vertical bar is on the key between “Z” and the left “Shift”.

= Limitations = The ability to identify hardware is tremendously useful. However, there are limitations you should know about.

Hardware newer than Knoppix
The most important limitation is that Knoppix cannot accurately identify PCI and PCMCIA hardware that is newer than Knoppix is. USB and Firewire devices work differently and are not subject to this limitation.

This book comes with Knoppix version 3.3, which is dated September 2003. Knoppix should be able to identify most hardware made before that date (except the very old or very rare).

However, Knoppix version 3.3 may only be able to identify PCI and PCMCIA hardware made after September 2003 as an “Unknown device”. A newer version of Knoppix may help. A newer version can be obtained from the Knoppix web site and from other vendors.

Winmodems
The vast majority of modems made these days are winmodems. A winmodem is a modem that relies on the CPU for some of it's communication routines. This is done to save a few components and reduce manufacturing costs. Winmodems tend not to work well with Linux. A common example is the Intel 537 series of PCI internal modem cards.

Knoppix can only tell you what a winmodem identifies itself as, in its hardware. Knoppix cannot tell you about the Windows-specific software needed to get it working in Windows. For example, in the case of Intel 537 based winmodems, there are many different vendor-specific Windows drivers, which may be incompatible with each other. However, these cards will all be reported the same in Knoppix. That is more a limitation of the hardware, rather than a limitation of Knoppix.

Identified does not mean supported
Knoppix may not have driver support for all the hardware it can identify. In other words, just because Knoppix tells you the make and model of a device does not mean it actually works in Knoppix. For example, the Intel 536EP internal modem PCI card is accurately identified; but it is not usable because it requires proprietary software that cannot be distributed with Knoppix.

Not guaranteed
The identification provided by Knoppix may be wrong. This is because Knoppix is not perfect (sorry). However, it is pretty reliable. For example, in two years of using Knoppix every day, I have had only one instance of wrongly identified hardware (a fairly obscure sound card).

The hardware identification strings are mostly provided by Linux users, rather than the hardware vendors themselves. However, the hardware vendors are not perfect either. Sometimes the Linux users' identification corrects mistakes made by hardware vendors!

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

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Knowing Knoppix/Reading the hard disk

Knoppix supports all IDE and most SCSI hard disk drives. It reads files from the full range of Microsoft operating systems – from MS-DOS through to Windows XP.

This is useful because if you cannot start Windows, often all the data files are still there happily on the hard disk. On many occasions, it is a simple matter to locate the files using Knoppix. It is usually then equally trivial to rescue the files by copying them somewhere safe (explained in the later sections).

To browse the files on the internal hard disk, look on the Desktop. You should see an icon for each hard disk partition. To access the files on that partition: = Selecting files and folders = To create data CDs and copy files and folders onto other disks, you need to know how to select. There are several ways to select files and folders:
 * 1) Click the icon for the hard disk partition.
 * 2) Wait for a moment while the partition is mounted. A green triangle will appear, indicating that the partition is in use.
 * 3) Wait while the Konqueror file manager starts up.
 * 4) The files on the partition should be displayed, read only. This example shows a typical “drive C:” from a computer that usually runs Windows 98.
 * Lasso. Click and hold the left mouse button on a blank area in the Konqueror window. Drag across to the opposite corner. The files and folders in the marked area will be selected. To deselect, click any blank area within the window.
 * Ctrl + click. Hold down the Ctrl key on the keyboard, and click a file or folder. It will be selected. To deselect, Ctrl + click the file or folder icon again, or click any blank area within the window.
 * Shift + click. Ctrl + click the first file or folder. Let go of the Ctrl Key. Hold down the Shift key, and select the last file or folder. The range will be selected. To deselect, click any blank area within the window.
 * Right-click. Click the right hand mouse button on a file or folder. A “context menu” will appear, showing the most common actions for that item. The file or folder will also be selected. To deselect, click any blank area within the window.

= Enabling write access = Knoppix has the optional ability to write to hard disk drives. Write mode lets you copy files to the drive, and change existing files. Knoppix supports writing to MS-DOS and Windows 95/98/Me formatted partitions. Writing to native Windows NT/2000/XP partitions is not supported. To enable write access: = Quick help = Question: There are no icons for the hard disk on the Desktop. If you have an IDE hard disk, this usually means the BIOS did not detect the hard disk drive. Go into your motherboard's BIOS and make sure the hard disk is detected by the BIOS properly. If you have one of the recent “Serial ATA” hard drives, they are not supported in this version of Knoppix. Try a newer version of Knoppix.
 * 1) Click the icon of the hard disk partition you want to write to.
 * 2) Wait for a moment while the partition is mounted.
 * 3) Wait while the Konqueror file manager starts up.
 * 4) The files on the partition will be displayed.
 * 5) Right-click the icon of the hard disk partition.
 * 6) Click “Change read/write mode”.
 * 7) You will be prompted to make the partition writeable. Click “Yes”.
 * 8) You should now be able to write files to the partition.

Question: I still can't access the hard disk. The partition may be encrypted, which means it may have been specially set up on purpose to make it inaccessible to outside tools like Knoppix. The partition table may be incorrect, or there may be data errors. In the worst case, the drive may be physically damaged; listen for ping-pong ball bouncing or loud rattling noises.

Question: How can I check or test my hard disk? Knoppix has many built-in tools, but they are beyond the scope of this book. You will need a more advanced book, a knowledgeable friend or help online to use these tools. Having said that, here is a hint. To list the commands that have the words “dos”, “ntfs” or “partition” anywhere in their short description, enter: man -k dos ntfs partition

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Knowing Knoppix/CD reading and writing

= Reading CD-ROMs =

Knoppix has built-in support for reading Compact Disc Digital Data discs. It is best to have two CD drives – one for the Knoppix CD, and one for the data CD that you want to read. If not, see “If you have only one CD drive” in the “Advanced startup options” section. To read a data CD:
 * 1) Insert the data CD into an empty CD-ROM drive.
 * 2) Click the icon on the Desktop on that represents the drive. The “CDROM” icon represents the first CD drive, and “CDROM1” represents the second drive. In Windows, the first drive is given a lower drive letter (eg “D:”). The second drive is given a higher drive letter (eg “E:”).
 * 3) A green triangle will appear on the CD drive icon to indicate that the drive is in use.
 * 4) Wait while the Konqueror file manager starts up.
 * 5) The files on the CD will be displayed.

Ejecting the CD

 * 1) Close all windows and files opened from the CD.
 * 2) Press the Eject button on the front of the drive.
 * 3) The CD tray will be ejected.

Quick help
'''Question: When trying to access a CD for the first time, it says “The file or directory file:/mnt/cdrom does not exist”. What does this mean?''' Usually this means the drive is still preparing itself, or the Knoppix auto-mounter has not finished working yet. Wait a few moments, then try again. If it still doesn't work, click the Home icon in the Panel, then type file:/mnt/auto/cdrom or file:/mnt/auto/cdrom1. If it still doesn't work, click the Knoppix icon in the Panel, click Root Shell, then enter this command: /etc/init.d/autofs restart

Question: Why is the CD stuck in the drive? Knoppix uses the locking mechanism of the drive to prevent you from taking out a CD that is still in use. Close all windows and documents opened from the CD, then try again.

Question: When I right-click on the CD drive's icon and then click “Eject”, it says “Eject failed!” What does that mean? It means the drive doesn't like the Knoppix “eject” program. Just press the eject button on the front of the drive instead.

= CD writing =

Knoppix has built-in support for CD writing. To create your own CDs using Knoppix, it is best to have two CD drives. You need one drive for the Knoppix CD, and a Compact Disc Re-Writeable drive for the blank media. Normally, the Knoppix CD occupies the first drive, and it cannot be removed while Knoppix is running.

However, if you have a suitable hard disk, it is possible to start Knoppix from a single CD-ROM drive and then use it for other CDs. See the later section, “Advanced startup options”.

The following CD-RW drives are compatible with Knoppix:
 * All SCSI CD-RW drives.
 * Nearly all IDE CD-RW drives produced after 1999.
 * Some IDE CD-RW drives produced before 1999.
 * Most external (USB) CD-RW drives.

Knoppix uses SCSI commands to create CDs. When working with IDE CD-RW drives, Knoppix uses SCSI emulation. This means that Knoppix works with IDE CD-RW drives while actually using the SCSI language to talk to the drive. For this reason, SCSI CD-RW drives are ideal, while most IDE CD-RW drives should work. To copy files onto a data CD:
 * 1) Select the files or folders to be written onto CD.
 * 2) Right-click on the selection.
 * 3) Click “Create CD with K3b”.
 * 4) Wait for a moment while the K3b program starts.
 * 5) The K3b window will be displayed. In the “Current Projects” pane, you will see the folder that you chose. To add additional files and folders, drag and drop them into the Project pane.
 * 6) The disk usage is in shown in the green bar at the bottom of the Projects pane. It shows the amount of space that will be used on the writeable CD. This example shows 90.3 MB will be used, out of a possible 650 MB.
 * 7) Click the “Burn” button (fourth from the left in the toolbar). The disk writing window will be appear. The make and model of your CD-RW drive will be shown.
 * 8) Select the writing speed to be used from the “Speed” box. The correct writing speed to choose depends upon the speed of your CD-RW drive and the media. For example, if you have an 8x CD-RW drive and 4-10x compatible media, choose 8x.
 * 9) Click the “Filesystem” tab.
 * 10) Click “Generate Joliet extensions” to put a tick in the box. This step is needed to make the CD fully readable in Windows. If you are only going to use the CD in another Linux or UNIX computer, you do not need this.
 * 11) Click “Write”.
 * 12) The CD will be created. When the writing process has finished, the CD will be ejected.
 * 13) Click “Close” to return to K3b.

Quick help
'''Question: Why does it eject the CD and do nothing? Or, why do I get an error while CD writing?''' You may be trying to use incompatible media. For example, if you try to write onto CD-RW media labelled “4-10x compatible” at 32x then the drive will just eject the blank CD.

'''Question: When I put the written CD in a computer running Windows, some of the file names come out in capitals and some spaces or dots are turned into underscores. Why?''' You need step 10, “Generate Joliet extensions”. The original specification for data CDs allows each file name only 8 characters plus a 3 character extension. For example: “hello.txt” fits, but “long file name of your dreams.txt” does not. “Joliet” is the Microsoft way of putting long file names on a data CD.

'''Question: The setup works fine, but when it gets ready to burn, there are no devices to be selected. How come?''' You need to run K3B as root. Go to a terminal (the image of a monitor with a shell on it), then type 'su', hit return, then type 'k3b' and hit return. This runs K3B as root and fixes some issues.

Question: how to read the data from cd and DVD

title: Knowing Knoppix/CD reading and writing


text:
Knowing Knoppix/Using an external USB drive

Knoppix supports two types of external USB hard drive:
 * USB hard drive stick (flash drive or pen drive).
 * Conventional external USB hard disk drive.

Knoppix uses its built-in USB Mass Storage driver to support these drives. Both USB 1.1 and the faster USB 2.0 drives are supported. USB 1.1 drives work at 12 Mbits per second (about 1.5 megabytes per second). USB 2.0 drives work at up to 480 Mbits per second (about 60 megabytes per second) when plugged into a USB 2.0 capable socket.

A USB hard drive stick is a small device like a key fob. Many digital cameras also work as an external USB hard drive. Any digital camera will work provided it supports USB Mass Storage. Some digital cameras have to be put in “DSC Mode” to enable USB Mass Storage. To copy files onto an external USB hard disk drive:
 * 1) Insert the USB drive into any USB socket.
 * 2) After a short pause, an icon for each partition on the new drive should appear. In most cases there will be a single partition on the USB drive that covers the entire disk, so one new icon will appear. If the icon doesn't appear, take the USB drive out and insert it again more slowly. There are four pins on the USB drive's connector. Two of the four pins are longer because they must make contact first. To see if Knoppix accepts the USB drive when you put it in, refer to the “Identifying Hardware” section. Look at the Info Center's “USB Devices” and “Storage Devices” categories.
 * 3) When USB drive icon appears, click it with the left mouse button.
 * 4) Wait for a moment while it is mounted.
 * 5) The files on the USB drive will be displayed.
 * 6) Right-click the icon of the USB drive.
 * 7) Click “Change read-write mode”.
 * 8) Click “Yes”.
 * 9) Drag and drop the files or folders that you want to copy into the window of the USB drive.
 * 10) Click “Copy Here”.
 * 11) The files or folders will be copied.
 * 12) When copying has finished, close all open windows for the USB drive.
 * 13) Right-click on the icon of the USB drive.
 * 14) Click “Unmount”.
 * 15) The green triangle on the USB drive's icon will go away.
 * 16) It is now safe to take the USB drive out of its socket.

NOTE: Knoppix version 3.3 does not support USB 2.0, as claimed. USB 2.0 devices such as external hard disks do work with Knoppix version 3.3, but only at the USB 1.1 speed (ie: much slower). If you need full USB 2.0 speed, try Knoppix version 3.6 and start with "knoppix usb2" at the boot prompt.

Quick help
Question: I still can't get my USB drive to appear. Click Konsole, then type. If the drive is connected successfully, you will see lines like this at or near the end of the output: scsi2 : SCSI emulation for USB Mass Storage devices Vendor: USB2.0   Model: Flash Disk        Rev: 2.00 Type:  Direct-Access    ANSI SCSI revision: 02 Attached scsi removable disk sda at scsi2 SCSI device sda: 512000 512-byte hdwr sectors (262 MB) sda: Write Protect is off sda: sda1 This shows that a “USB2.0 Flash Disk” has appeared as the first SCSI drive (sda). It is 262 Mb in size. It contains one partition (sda1). If you insert a USB drive too quickly, it will say “unable to read partition table” instead of “SCSI device”. This means try again, more slowly.

If it still won't work, try using another USB socket.

Or you may try mounting the drive by hand:

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /media/usbdisk

Note:If the 'usbdisk' mount point doesn't exist, use an unused existing mount or create the mount point yourself

sudo mkdir /media/usbdisk

If that doesn't help, try starting Knoppix with the USB drive already connected. If it really won't work, buy or borrow a USB hub PCI expansion card. Put it into the computer and try connecting the USB drive to the expansion card, rather than to the computer's built-in USB ports.

Question: Why did it say “out of disk space” when copying to the flash drive, even though the total size of the files to be copied is less than the free space on the drive? Some flash drives are formatted with the FAT12 or FAT16 filesystem. This is inefficient when storing small files. If there are a lot of small files, the flash drive may fill up much more quickly that you might expect. There are two ways round the problem. The first way is to archive the files onto the flash drive. To archive means to create one big file instead of lots of small ones. To create an archive, click K menu, Utilities, Ark (Archiving Tool). The second way is to reformat the drive to a more efficient filesystem, such as FAT32.


text: Template:Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/TOC


text:
Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Characters

To search for a character by alphabetical reference, try the Index. If searching the Index is not desired, use the groups below. Within each group, characters are sorted alphabetically by last name.

The Trio
The three most prominently featured protagonists in the series; often referred to as "the Trio".

 * Harry Potter
 * Ron Weasley
 * Hermione Granger

Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry
Regular occupants and students of Hogwarts.

Staff

 * Professor Binns
 * History of Magic professor

 * Charity Burbage
 * Muggle Studies professor (Harry's 1st - 6th Years)

 * Alecto Carrow
 * Muggle Studies professor (Harry's 7th Year)

 * Amycus Carrow
 * Dark Arts professor (Harry's 7th Year)

 * Albus Dumbledore
 * Headmaster (Harry's 1st - 6th Years)

 * Argus Filch
 * Caretaker

 * Firenze
 * Divination professor (Harry's 5th - 7th Years)

 * Filius Flitwick
 * Ravenclaw Head of House
 * Charms professor

 * Wilhelmina Grubbly-Plank
 * Care of Magical Creatures substitute professor

 * Rubeus Hagrid
 * Care of Magical Creatures professor (Harry's 3rd - 7th Years)
 * Gamekeeper

 * Rolanda Hooch
 * Flying instructor
 * Quidditch referee

 * Silvanus Kettleburn
 * Care of Magical Creatures professor (Harry's 1st and 2nd Years) Retired

 * Gilderoy Lockhart
 * Defence Against the Dark Arts professor (Harry's 2nd Year)

 * Remus Lupin
 * Defence Against the Dark Arts professor (Harry's 3rd Year)

 * Minerva McGonagall
 * Deputy-Headmistress
 * Gryffindor Head of House
 * Transfiguration professor

 * Alastor "Mad-Eye" Moody
 * Defence Against the Dark Arts professor (Harry's 4th Year) but see note below spoiler warning (bottom of page)

 * Irma Pince
 * Librarian

 * Poppy Pomfrey
 * Nurse

 * Professor Quirrell
 * Defence Against the Dark Arts professor (Harry's 1st Year)

 * Professor Sinistra
 * Astronomy professor

 * Horace Slughorn
 * Potions professor (Harry's 6th - 7th Years)
 * Slytherin Head of House (Harry's 7th Year)

 * Severus Snape
 * Slytherin Head of House (Harry's 1st - 6th Years)
 * Potions professor (Harry's 1st - 5th Years)
 * Defence Against the Dark Arts professor (Harry's 6th Year)
 * Headmaster (Harry's 7th Year)

 * Pomona Sprout
 * Hufflepuff Head of House
 * Herbology professor

 * Sybill Trelawney
 * Divination professor

 * Wilkie Twycross
 * Apparition instructor from the Ministry of Magic for 6th year students

 * Dolores Umbridge
 * Headmistress (Harry's 5th Year)
 * High Inquisitor (Harry's 5th Year)
 * Defence Against the Dark Arts professor (Harry's 5th Year)

 * Professor Vector
 * Arithmancy professor

Students
Hogwarts students arranged into houses by the Sorting Hat: Gryffindor, Hufflepuff, Ravenclaw, Slytherin.

Current (during novels)

 * Euan Abercrombie
 * Katie Bell
 * Lavender Brown
 * Ritchie Coote
 * Colin Creevey
 * Dennis Creevey
 * Seamus Finnigan
 * Hermione Granger
 * Angelina Johnson
 * Graduates after Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix
 * Lee Jordan
 * Graduates after Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix
 * Andrew Kirke
 * Neville Longbottom
 * Natalie McDonald
 * Mary Macdonald
 * Cormac McLaggen
 * Parvati Patil
 * Jimmy Peakes
 * Harry Potter
 * Demelza Robins
 * Jack Sloper
 * Alicia Spinnet
 * Dean Thomas
 * Romilda Vane
 * Fred Weasley
 * Leaves in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix
 * George Weasley
 * Leaves in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix
 * Ginny Weasley
 * Percy Weasley
 * Graduates after Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
 * Ron Weasley
 * Oliver Wood
 * Graduates after Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban

Past House members

 * Sirius Black
 * Albus Dumbledore
 * Rubeus Hagrid
 * Expelled because he was suspected of opening the Chamber of Secrets
 * Remus Lupin
 * Minerva McGonagall
 * Peter Pettigrew
 * James Potter
 * Lily Potter (née Evans)
 * Bill Weasley
 * Charlie Weasley
 * Arthur Weasley
 * Molly Weasley (née Prewett)

Hufflepuff House

 * Hannah Abbott
 * Susan Bones
 * Eleanor Branstone
 * Cadwallader
 * Owen Cauldwell
 * Cedric Diggory (dies in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire)
 * Justin Finch-Fletchley
 * Ernie Macmillan
 * Laura Madley
 * Eloise Midgeon
 * Zacharias Smith
 * Pomona Sprout
 * Stebbins
 * Summerby
 * Summers
 * Nymphadora Tonks
 * Kevin Whitby
 * Rose Zeller

Ravenclaw House

 * Stewart Ackerley
 * Marcus Belby
 * Terry Boot
 * Mandy Brocklehurst
 * Cho Chang
 * Eddie Carmichael
 * Penelope Clearwater
 * Michael Corner
 * Roger Davies
 * Marietta Edgecombe
 * Fawcett
 * Filius Flitwick
 * Anthony Goldstein
 * Luna Lovegood
 * Padma Patil
 * Orla Quirke
 * Lisa Turpin

Slytherin House

 * Avery
 * Malcolm Baddock
 * Regulus Black
 * Miles Bletchley
 * Bole
 * Millicent Bullstrode
 * Vincent Crabbe
 * Derrick
 * Marcus Flint
 * Gregory Goyle
 * Harper
 * Terence Higgs
 * Bellatrix Lestrange (nee. Black)
 * Rabastan Lestrange
 * Rodolphus Lestrange
 * Abraxas Malfoy
 * Draco Malfoy
 * Lucius Malfoy
 * Narcissa Malfoy (nee. Black)
 * Montague
 * Theodore Nott
 * Pansy Parkinson
 * Graham Pritchard
 * Adrian Pucey
 * Tom Marvolo Riddle
 * Horace Slughorn
 * Severus Snape
 * Vaisey
 * Urquhart
 * Warrington
 * Blaise Zabini

Other Residents

 * The Sorting Hat
 * Peeves

Ghosts

 * The Bloody Baron
 * The Fat Friar
 * The Grey Lady
 * Moaning Myrtle
 * Nearly Headless Nick
 * Professor Binns

Portraits

 * Phineas Nigellus Black
 * Sir Cadogan
 * Dilys Derwent
 * Armando Dippet
 * Everard
 * The Fat Lady
 * Dexter Fortescue
 * Albus Dumbledore

Founders

 * Godric Gryffindor
 * Helga Hufflepuff
 * Rowena Ravenclaw
 * Salazar Slytherin

Other Schools
We note that the Ilvermorny School of Witchcraft and Wizardry in North America is mentioned in the recent film Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them. For reasons outlined here, this film is not canon for the Muggles' Guide, and so this school will not be included here.

Beauxbatons Academy of Magic

 * Fleur Delacour
 * Gabrielle Delacour
 * Olympe Maxime

Durmstrang Institute

 * Igor Karkaroff
 * Viktor Krum
 * Gellert Grindelwald
 * Poliakoff

Families
Characters arranged by family.

Black Family
See also: Black Family

 * Orion Black
 * Phineas Nigellus Black
 * Regulus Black
 * Sirius Black
 * Walburga Black
 * Andromeda Tonks (née Black)
 * Nymphadora Tonks
 * Narcissa Malfoy (née Black)
 * Bellatrix Lestrange (née Black)
 * Alphard Black
 * Elladora Black
 * Araminta Meliflua Black

Dumbledore Family

 * Albus Dumbledore
 * Aberforth Dumbledore
 * Ariana Dumbledore
 * Kendra Dumbledore
 * Percival Dumbledore

Dursley Family

 * Dudley Dursley
 * Marge Dursley
 * Petunia Dursley (nee. Evans)
 * Vernon Dursley

Gaunt Family
See also: Gaunt Family
 * Merope Riddle (née Gaunt)
 * Morfin Gaunt
 * Marvolo Gaunt

Malfoy Family

 * Draco Malfoy
 * Lucius Malfoy
 * Narcissa Malfoy (nee. Black)
 * Abraxas Malfoy

Potter Family

 * Harry Potter
 * James Potter
 * Lily Potter (nee. Evans)

Snape Family

 * Severus Snape
 * Tobias Snape
 * Eileen Snape

Weasley Family
See also: Weasley Family
 * Ginny Weasley
 * Ron Weasley
 * George Weasley
 * Fred Weasley
 * Percy Weasley
 * Bill Weasley
 * Charlie Weasley
 * Arthur Weasley
 * Molly Weasley (nee. Prewett)
 * Muriel Weasley

Peverell Family

 * Antioch
 * Cadmus
 * Ignotus

Other Major Characters

 * Ollivander
 * Peeves
 * Rita Skeeter
 * Lord Voldemort

Death Eaters
See also: Death Eaters

 * Avery
 * Regulus Black
 * Alecto Carrow
 * Amycus Carrow
 * Crabbe, Sr.
 * Barty Crouch Jr.
 * Antonin Dolohov
 * Gibbon
 * Goyle, Sr.
 * Fenrir Greyback
 * Jugson
 * Igor Karkaroff
 * Bellatrix Lestrange (nee. Black)
 * Rabastan Lestrange
 * Rodolphus Lestrange
 * Walden Macnair
 * Draco Malfoy
 * Lucius Malfoy
 * Narcissa Malfoy (nee. Black)
 * Mulciber
 * Nott
 * Peter Pettigrew
 * Augustus Rookwood
 * Evan Rosier
 * Thorfinn Rowle
 * Selwyn
 * Stan Shunpike
 * Severus Snape
 * Pius Thicknesse
 * Travers
 * Wilkes
 * Yaxley

Dumbledore's Army
See also: Dumbledore's Army

 * Hannah Abbott
 * Lavender Brown
 * Katie Bell
 * Susan Bones
 * Terry Boot
 * Cho Chang
 * Michael Corner
 * Colin Creevey
 * Dennis Creevey
 * Marietta Edgecombe
 * Justin Finch-Fletchley
 * Seamus Finnigan
 * Anthony Goldstein
 * Hermione Granger
 * Angelina Johnson
 * Lee Jordan
 * Neville Longbottom
 * Luna Lovegood
 * Ernie Macmillan
 * Padma Patil
 * Parvati Patil
 * Harry Potter
 * Zacharias Smith
 * Alicia Spinnet
 * Dean Thomas
 * Fred Weasley
 * George Weasley
 * Ginny Weasley
 * Ron Weasley

Inquisitorial Squad
'A select group of students who are supportive of the Ministry of Magic, hand-picked by Professor Umbridge. Members have the power to dock points.' (Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix)

 * Millicent Bullstrode
 * Vincent Crabbe
 * Gregory Goyle
 * Draco Malfoy
 * Montague
 * Pansy Parkinson
 * Warrington

Marauders
See also: Marauders

 * Sirius Black (Padfoot)
 * Remus Lupin (Moony)
 * Peter Pettigrew (Wormtail)
 * James Potter (Prongs)

Ministry of Magic
See also: Ministry of Magic

 * Ludovic Bagman
 * Broderick Bode
 * Amelia Bones
 * Dirk Cresswell
 * Bartemius Crouch Sr.
 * Dawlish
 * Amos Diggory
 * Cornelius Fudge
 * Mafalda Hopkirk
 * Bertha Jorkins
 * Eric Munch
 * Bob Ogden
 * Gawain Robards
 * Albert Runcorn
 * Rufus Scrimgeour
 * Kingsley Shacklebolt
 * Pius Thicknesse
 * Nymphadora Tonks
 * Wilkie Twycross
 * Dolores Umbridge
 * Arthur Weasley
 * Percy Weasley
 * Williamson

Order of the Phoenix
Present and past members of the Order of the Phoenix listed.

 * Sirius Black
 * Edgar Bones
 * Caradoc Dearborn
 * Dedalus Diggle
 * Elphias Doge
 * Aberforth Dumbledore
 * Albus Dumbledore
 * Benjy Fenwick
 * Arabella Figg
 * Mundungus Fletcher
 * Filius Flitwick
 * Rubeus Hagrid
 * Hestia Jones
 * Alice Longbottom
 * Frank Longbottom
 * Remus Lupin
 * Dorcas Meadowes
 * Minerva McGonagall
 * Marlene McKinnon
 * Alastor "Mad-Eye" Moody
 * Peter Pettigrew
 * Sturgis Podmore
 * James Potter
 * Lily Potter (née Evans)
 * Fabian Prewett
 * Gideon Prewett
 * Kingsley Shacklebolt
 * Severus Snape
 * Nymphadora Tonks
 * Emmeline Vance
 * Arthur Weasley
 * Bill Weasley
 * Charlie Weasley
 * Molly Weasley (née Prewett)

Other Minor Characters

 * Borgin
 * Caractacus Burke
 * Florean Fortescue
 * Gregorovitch
 * Gellert Grindelwald
 * Augusta Longbottom
 * Griselda Marchbanks
 * Xenophilius Lovegood
 * Hassan Mostafa
 * Hepzibah Smith
 * Miriam Strout
 * Professor Tofty
 * Andromeda Tonks
 * Wilkie Twycross
 * Tiberius Ogden
 * Willy Widdershins

Hogsmeade

 * Aberforth Dumbledore
 * Ambrosius Flume
 * Madam Rosmerta

Knight Bus

 * Ernie Prang
 * Stan Shunpike

Muggles

 * Frank Bryce
 * Cecilia
 * Mr. Mason
 * Mrs. Mason
 * Piers Polkiss
 * Tom Riddle

Non-Human

 * Aragog
 * Buckbeak / Witherwings
 * Grawp
 * Merpeople
 * Nagini

Centaurs
See also: Centaurs

 * Bane
 * Firenze
 * Magorian
 * Ronan

House Elves
See also: House Elves

 * Dobby
 * Hokey
 * Kreacher
 * Winky

Goblins
See also: Goblins

 * Bogrod
 * Gornuk
 * Griphook

Pets

 * Aragog
 * Arnold
 * Buckbeak / Witherwings
 * Crookshanks
 * Errol
 * Fang
 * Fawkes
 * Fluffy
 * Hedwig
 * Hermes
 * Mrs. Norris
 * Norbert
 * Pigwidgeon
 * Scabbers
 * Trevor

Greater Picture
There are a few characters who are not what they seem, but who and what they actually are is a significant part of the story and should not be revealed, as it is something of a spoiler in some cases. A classic example of this is Alastor "Mad-Eye" Moody, who teaches Defence Against the Dark Arts in Harry's fourth year. A key point in the story is that Moody is, in fact, not Moody, but is Barty Crouch Jr., a Dark wizard, Death Eater, and escapee from Azkaban. Partly to avoid the spoiler, we list Harry's fourth year teacher as Moody; but we also note that Barty is at great pains, probably literal in the morning as he recasts himself in Moody's image once the Polyjuice Potion has worn off, to act like Alastor Moody. With very few exceptions, the class is taught as Moody would have taught it, which would also partially justify listing Moody rather than Barty as the Defence Against the Dark Arts teacher.


text:
Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Places

This page will provide a list of places mentioned and visited in the Harry Potter series of novels. Emphasis is given to places where a substantial amount of action has occurred, or that play a significant off-stage role in the story arc. Primarily, this page will consist of links to more in-depth articles about these places.

We note that some places are also institutions (e.g. the Ministry of Magic) or groups of people (e.g. the House of Gaunt). Articles linked from this page will concern themselves with the location; other aspects will be covered in articles under different headings.

Common
Places where many events happen and/or where the characters spend a great deal of time.

 * Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry
 * Gryffindor House
 * Hufflepuff House
 * Ravenclaw House
 * Slytherin House
 * Headmaster's Office
 * Hospital Wing
 * The Burrow
 * Hogsmeade
 * The Shrieking Shack
 * Zonko's Joke Shop
 * The Hog's Head Inn
 * The Three Broomsticks
 * Honeyduke's Sweetshop
 * Platform 9-3/4
 * Hogwarts Express
 * Number 4 Privet Drive, Little Whinging, Surrey

Special
Places that are only visited once or a handful of times but where significant events may have occurred.

 * Diagon Alley
 * The Leaky Cauldron
 * Apothecary (Note: while some sources name this as "Slug and Jiggers", the apothecary is not named in the books, so this name is not canon.)
 * Eeylops Owl Emporium
 * Florean Fortescue's Ice Cream Parlor
 * Flourish and Blotts
 * Gambol and Japes Wizarding Joke Shop
 * Gringotts
 * Madam Malkin's Robes for All Occasions
 * Magical Menagerie
 * Ollivanders: Makers of Fine Wands since 382 BC
 * Quality Quidditch Supllies
 * Weasleys' Wizard Wheezes
 * Forest of Dean
 * Godric's Hollow
 * Number 12 Grimmauld Place
 * in or near Hogwarts
 * Chamber of Secrets
 * The Forbidden Forest
 * Hagrid's Hut
 * Room of Requirement
 * Knockturn Alley
 * Borgin and Burkes
 * Little Hangleton
 * House of Gaunt
 * Riddle Manor
 * Malfoy Manor
 * Ministry of Magic
 * Shell Cottage
 * Spinner's End
 * St. Mungo's Hospital for Magical Maladies and Injuries
 * The Surrey Zoo

Reference
Places that are only referenced but are significant enough to be known amongst certain characters.

 * Azkaban Prison
 * Beauxbatons Academy of Magic
 * Durmstrang Institute

title: Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Places


text:
Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Major Events

Battles

 * Voldemort's First Downfall
 * Duel in the Chamber of Secrets
 * Duel in the Cemetery
 * Battle at the Department of Mysteries
 * Battle of the Astronomy Tower
 * Escape from Privet Drive
 * Infiltration of the Ministry of Magic
 * Malfoy Manor
 * Break-in at Gringotts
 * Battle of Hogwarts

Exams

 * Year-end exams
 * OWL exams
 * NEWT exams

Student Offices

 * Prefects
 * Head Boy or Head Girl
 * Quidditch captain

Competitions

 * Quidditch
 * Quidditch World Cup
 * Triwizard Tournament
 * First Task
 * Yule Ball
 * Second Task
 * Third Task
 * House Cup

Relationships

 * Cho Chang
 * Hermione Granger
 * Harry Potter
 * Ginny Weasley
 * Ron Weasley
 * Viktor Krum

Deaths

 * Cedric's Death
 * Dumbledore's Death
 * Sirius' Death
 * Mad-Eye Moody's Death
 * Dobby's Death
 * Fred Weasley's Death
 * Pettigrew's Death
 * Remus' Death
 * Nymphadora's Death
 * Snape's Death
 * Voldemort's Death

Organizations

 * Death Eaters
 * Dumbledore's Army
 * Inquisitorial Squad
 * Order of the Phoenix
 * S.P.E.W.

Other

 * Events in the Shrieking Shack
 * Visiting Godric's Hollow
 * The Life and Lies of Albus Dumbledore
 * Visiting Xenophilius Lovegood
 * Harry - Voldemort Shared Thoughts
 * Events in the Forbidden Forest


text:
Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Timeline

Note on dates
Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets gives us one concrete date: Sir Nicholas de Mimsy-Porpington (aka Nearly Headless Nick) celebrates the 500th anniversary of his deathday, which occurred 31 October 1492. Working from this, we can date nearly every event mentioned in the books.

The author has evidently decided to adhere to this timeline. In Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, we see the gravestone of Harry's parents, and learn, as we had already surmised, that they died on 31 October 1981. We also learn that they were born in 1960.

The author has said that Sirius was about 22 when he went to Azkaban, which was mere days after Harry's parents were killed. From this, we can determine that Harry's parents, who were in the same year as Sirius, would have been born around 1959, which is consistent with our assumptions above.

There is one leap of faith: In Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, The Very Secret Diary is mentioned as being "fifty years old", as is Tom Riddle's citation for "services to the school". While it is likely that Lucius Malfoy would have thought it a rare joke to send Riddle's diary to Hogwarts on its fiftieth anniversary, it is possible that "fifty years" in this case means "about fifty years". However, in order to clarify sequence, we have assumed that "fifty years" means exactly that. All dates based on that, however, have an uncertainty of about five years either way – this includes all dates for things occurring in the early life of Tom Riddle.

At least one fan site has placed the death of Tom Riddle's father in 1942, and Moaning Myrtle's death as occurring much later than this, about 1945. Evidence in the books only somewhat supports this theory; Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets does state that Myrtle's death occurred in the latter half of Tom Riddle's fifth year at Hogwarts, which would have been the spring of 1943, give or take about five years, and Harry says in Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince that Tom Riddle visited the Riddle Manor and killed his father, then returned to the school and asked Professor Slughorn about Horcruxes. When he talked to Slughorn, he was a prefect, so that must have been his fifth or sixth year; not his seventh year, because he was then Head Boy. Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire does state that Frank Bryce, at the time of his death in what we assume was August 1994, was nearing seventy-seven years old, which places his birth in 1917; it also says he is a veteran of the War, which would have to be the Second World War. Based on this, we have assumed Frank was invalided out of the Army quite early in the War, and tentatively placed the death of the Muggle Tom Riddle in the summer of 1942, followed by the death of Moaning Myrtle in the spring of 1943.

Hallowe'en
It is interesting to see how many things seem to happen on Hallowe'en. Before the series starts, we have Nearly Headless Nick's death day. Harry's parents are murdered on Hallowe'en, and the troll is let into the school on Hallowe'en in Harry's first year. In Harry's second year, Mrs. Norris is Petrified on Hallowe'en. It is Hallowe'en again when Sirius Black first tries to break into Gryffindor tower in Harry's third year, and when Harry's name comes out of the Goblet of Fire in Harry's fourth year. It is curious, then, that given this long string of Hallowe'en events, that nothing of note seems to happen on Hallowe'en in Harry's fifth, sixth, or seventh years.

Series Timeline
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Prior to Harry's Birth

 * 31 October 1492 - Nearly Headless Nick is nearly beheaded and dies.
 * December 31, 1926 - Tom Marvolo Riddle born. Merope Gaunt Riddle, his mother, dies.
 * September 1935 - Tom Riddle enters Hogwarts, is Sorted into Slytherin house.
 * June 1941 - Death of Moaning Myrtle
 * 13 June 1941 - Tom Marvolo Riddle engineers Hagrid's expulsion from Hogwarts near the end of his third year, for "opening the Chamber of Secrets"
 * Probably around 1945: Death of Tom Riddle (senior) and his parents
 * Probably around 1957: James Potter, Lily Evans born
 * Probably around September 1968: "Marauders" (James Potter, Remus Lupin, Sirius Black, Peter Pettigrew), Lily Evans, and Severus Snape enter Hogwarts
 * Probably around June 1975: "Marauders", Lily Evans, and Severus Snape graduate from Hogwarts

Young Harry Potter
-->
 * July 30 1980 - Neville Longbottom is born.
 * July 31 1980 - Harry Potter is born.
 * October 31 1981 - James and Lily Potter are murdered by Lord Voldemort; one-year old Harry gets left with his horrible aunt and uncle.
 * Probably around February 1982: Bellatrix Lestrange, Barty Crouch Jr., and others torture Alice and Frank Longbottom (Neville's parents) in hopes of finding Lord Voldemort.
 * Probably around March 1982: Bellatrix Lestrange, Barty Crouch Jr., and others convicted and sent to Azkaban.
 * Barty Crouch Jr. removed from prison by Barty Crouch Sr.
 * Barty Crouch Sr.'s wife dies in Azkaban.
 * July 31 1991 - Harry finds out he's a wizard when Hagrid gives him the letter that shows he has been admitted to Hogwarts.

Hogwarts, Year Two, 1992-1993

 * 31 July:
 * Harry's birthday
 * Dobby warns Harry not to come to Hogwarts. Harry still plans to come
 * 1 August: Harry locked into his room
 * About 4 August: Ron, Fred, and George rescue Harry
 * About 10 August: Hogwarts letters arrive at The Burrow
 * About 12 August:
 * Harry, Weasleys, Hermione visit Diagon Alley
 * At Flourish and Blotts with Gilderoy Lockhart
 * 1 September: Harry and Ron can't get through the barrier at Platform 9-3/4 since Dobby had blocked it. They travel to Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry by flying Ron's dad's flying car.
 * About 5 September:
 * First Quidditch practice
 * Detention with Lockhart; Harry first hears voice of the monster
 * About 10 October:
 * Harry in trouble with Filch for "fouling the castle"
 * Destruction of Vanishing Cabinet by Peeves
 * Harry invited to Nearly Headless Nick's Deathday party
 * 31 October:
 * Nearly Headless Nick's Deathday party
 * Harry hears voice again
 * Petrification of Mrs. Norris, Filch's cat.
 * The Haloween feast takes place.
 * About 4 November: Harry hears that he is thought to be the Heir
 * About 13 November: Hermione takes Moste Potente Potions out of the library
 * About 14 November: Quidditch, Gryffindor vs. Slytherin
 * Rogue bludger breaks Harry's arm
 * Lockhart de-bones Harry's arm
 * Harry visited in infirmary by Dobby
 * Colin Creevey Petrified
 * Ron, Hermione start making Polyjuice Potion.
 * About 10 December: Hermione steals remaining Polyjuice Potion ingredients from Snape's office
 * About 17 December: Duelling Club.
 * About 18 December: Petrification of Justin Finch-Fletchley and Nearly Headless Nick
 * 25 December: Christmas Feast
 * Ron and Harry use Polyjuice Potion to pretend to be Crabbe and Goyle; interrogate Malfoy about the Heir
 * Hermione gets fur and whiskers
 * About 10 January: T. M. Riddle's diary found in Moaning Myrtle's washroom
 * About 3 February: Hermione leaves hospital wing, cured
 * 14 February: Harry talks to the diary of T. M. Riddle
 * Tom Riddle shows Harry the betrayal of Hagrid for "opening the Chamber of Secrets"
 * Probably early May: Riddle's diary stolen from Harry's dorm room
 * Next day:
 * Harry hears the voice again
 * Hermione and Penelope Clearwater are Petrified
 * Hagrid arrested
 * Dumbledore suspended as headmaster
 * Probably late May: Harry and Ron meet Aragog
 * Four days later (about May 28):
 * Mandrakes reported ready for cutting
 * Harry and Ron find out the nature of the Monster, and guess the location of the entrance to the Chamber
 * Ginny Weasley taken into the Chamber
 * Harry, Ron, Professor Lockhart enter the Chamber
 * Professor Lockhart's memory removed
 * Harry fights Tom Riddle's Basilisk
 * Ginny rescued
 * Professor Dumbledore re-instated as Headmaster
 * Dobby freed
 * Hermione and others revived
 * Hagrid released from Azkaban

Events at the Shrieking Shack, June 1994
Internal evidence suggests that these events, filling more than five of the book's twenty-two chapters, occurred between about 8:30 PM on the last day of exams, and 12:30 AM the following morning, in Harry's third year at Hogwarts. The constraints of the timeline generator require that we assign actual times. We do not intend these times to be taken as in any way being canon, except for 9PM and midnight which are specifically given in the text; all other times are guides only.

title: Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Timeline


text:
Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Introduction

Introduction
Welcome to the Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter, a collaborative effort towards providing an extensive guidebook to the series. This book is under development at Wikibooks, a site providing a collection of open-content textbooks. Anyone can edit this book, and all who are interested in helping out the project are encouraged to be bold and dive right in to make this one of the most useful books on Harry Potter anywhere.

What This Book Will Cover
This book is intended to provide in-depth analysis and specific detailing of all things in the Harry Potter series. Readers should be able to learn more about the characters, places, events, and magic than what is merely present in the books. Critical commentary on each chapter, character, place, and event is provided in an effort to help the reader better understand detailed content and realize possible underlying connections to a greater storyline. It is also intended that the book will shed some light on the story-telling techniques used, and offer some analysis, if possible, into why the series proved so popular.

This book is meant to cover only the actual series, the seven books that make up the actual story. There are a number of additional publications that are only indirectly related to the main story; some of these are:
 * A number of issues of The Daily Prophet were issued to fans, containing short "news stories" about happenings in the Wizarding world. Apparently copyright by J. K. Rowling, the events these newspapers cover are outside the events of the main story and thus are not covered here.
 * "Chocolate Frog" candy was produced for a while, containing Famous Wizard cards; additionally, a Famous Wizards trading card game was produced at one point. These cards were written by the author of the series. In at least a few instances, the text from these cards has enhanced understanding of the series, and thus has been referenced in this work.
 * Three books were published to raise money for charity. The charity, named "Lumos" after the spell, was set up originally by the author.
 * Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, by "Newt Scamander", which has details of magical creatures that improve our understanding of the role they play in the main books, is included in this study.
 * Quidditch Through the Ages has little to tell us that we cannot learn through the primary seven books, and so is largely excluded. Some information from this book appears in the article on Quidditch.
 * The Tales of Beedle the Bard includes some information that sheds light on some characters and some magic in the main story arc. This information is included in this study.
 * The author's web site contained rather a lot of authoritative information about the overlooked corners of the wizarding world. While much of its content is irrelevant to our study, those areas that cast some illumination on the books and on the creative process are referenced herein.
 * The author has assisted in creation of a web site, Pottermore, that contains additional information about the events in the seven books. Where information on this site is germane, notably for background on characters, places, and events, it has been included here.
 * Various interviews with the author have appeared, both during production of the books and afterwards. Transcripts of these interviews have appeared on some fan sites. Where these interviews have improved understanding of the books, they have been referenced, though it is not always possible to provide links.

This book will explicitly not cover the Harry Potter films, theatre production, video games, fan fiction, or other authorized or unauthorized works in the same fiction universe.

Where To Start
This book is built to handle several different levels of readers of the Harry Potter series. Therefore, most pages in the book contain indications of where you should stop reading based on your specific level of reading:

 * Beginner - Readers who are new to the Harry Potter series in general. This part of the page should be used by readers who have read only a small amount of the Harry Potter books or are just interested in a general overview of the background and biographical information.
 * Intermediate - Readers who have read most of the Harry Potter series and are clued in to many of the principal characters and places. Analysis for characters, places, and events and detailed summaries of the books.
 * Advanced - Readers who have read all of the series and are looking to develop detailed knowledge of much of the books' content and realize the greater picture. A slight step up from the intermediate level, almost every topic in the book is covered, providing a comprehensive view of the series.

Note that the individual chapter summaries are marked with a generic "spoiler warning". A summary cannot be as well-written as the original work, so we highly recommend that rather than reading the summary for story elements, the student should first read the chapter in the book. The summary is meant only as a reminder of the events in the chapter in question, to assist the student in analysis of the story elements and techniques. The spoiler warning placed at the head of each chapter summary is meant to reinforce this.


text:
Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Contents

 * Cover
 * Introduction
 * Beginner
 * Intermediate
 * Advanced
 * Books
 * Philosopher's Stone
 * Chapter 1: The Boy Who Lived
 * Chapter 2: The Vanishing Glass
 * Chapter 3: The Letters From No One
 * Chapter 4: The Keeper of the Keys
 * Chapter 5: Diagon Alley
 * Chapter 6: The Journey from Platform Nine and Three-Quarters
 * Chapter 7: The Sorting Hat
 * Chapter 8: The Potions Master
 * Chapter 9: The Midnight Duel
 * Chapter 10: Halloween
 * Chapter 11: Quidditch
 * Chapter 12: The Mirror of Erised
 * Chapter 13: Nicholas Flamel
 * Chapter 14: Norbert the Norwegian Ridgeback
 * Chapter 15: The Forbidden Forest
 * Chapter 16: Through the Trapdoor
 * Chapter 17: The Man with Two Faces
 * Chamber of Secrets
 * Chapter 1: The Worst Birthday
 * Chapter 2: Dobby's Warning
 * Chapter 3: The Burrow
 * Chapter 4: At Flourish and Blotts
 * Chapter 5: The Whomping Willow
 * Chapter 6: Gilderoy Lockhart
 * Chapter 7: Mudbloods and Murmurs
 * Chapter 8: The Deathday Party
 * Chapter 9: The Writing on the Wall
 * Chapter 10: The Rogue Bludger
 * Chapter 11: The Dueling Club
 * Chapter 12: The Polyjuice Potion
 * Chapter 13: The Very Secret Diary
 * Chapter 14: Cornelius Fudge
 * Chapter 15: Aragog
 * Chapter 16: The Chamber of Secrets
 * Chapter 17: The Heir of Slytherin
 * Chapter 18: Dobby's Reward
 * Prisoner of Azkaban
 * Chapter 1: Owl Post
 * Chapter 2: Aunt Marge's Big Mistake
 * Chapter 3: The Knight Bus
 * Chapter 4: The Leaky Cauldron
 * Chapter 5: The Dementor
 * Chapter 6: Talons and Tea Leaves
 * Chapter 7: The Boggart in the Wardrobe
 * Chapter 8: Flight of the Fat Lady
 * Chapter 9: Grim Defeat
 * Chapter 10: The Marauder's Map
 * Chapter 11: The Firebolt
 * Chapter 12: The Patronus
 * Chapter 13: Gryffindor Versus Ravenclaw
 * Chapter 14: Snape's Grudge
 * Chapter 15: The Quidditch Final
 * Chapter 16: Professor Trelawney's Prediction
 * Chapter 17: Cat, Rat and Dog
 * Chapter 18: Moony, Wormtail, Padfoot, and Prongs
 * Chapter 19: The Servant of Lord Voldemort
 * Chapter 20: The Dementor's Kiss
 * Chapter 21: Hermione's Secret
 * Chapter 22: Owl Post Again
 * Goblet of Fire
 * Chapter 1: The Riddle House
 * Chapter 2: The Scar
 * Chapter 3: The Invitation
 * Chapter 4: Back to the Burrow
 * Chapter 5: Weasley's Wizard Wheezes
 * Chapter 6: The Portkey
 * Chapter 7: Bagman and Crouch
 * Chapter 8: The Quidditch World Cup
 * Chapter 9: The Dark Mark
 * Chapter 10: Mayhem at the Ministry
 * Chapter 11: Aboard the Hogwarts Express
 * Chapter 12: The Triwizard Tournament
 * Chapter 13: Mad-Eye Moody
 * Chapter 14: The Unforgivable Curses
 * Chapter 15: Beauxbatons and Durmstrang
 * Chapter 16: The Goblet of Fire
 * Chapter 17: The Four Champions
 * Chapter 18: The Weighing of the Wands
 * Chapter 19: The Hungarian Horntail
 * Chapter 20: The First Task
 * Chapter 21: The House-Elf Liberation Front
 * Chapter 22: The Unexpected Task
 * Chapter 23: The Yule Ball
 * Chapter 24: Rita Skeeter's Scoop
 * Chapter 25: The Egg and the Eye
 * Chapter 26: The Second Task
 * Chapter 27: Padfoot Returns
 * Chapter 28: The Madness of Mr. Crouch
 * Chapter 29: The Dream
 * Chapter 30: The Pensieve
 * Chapter 31: The Third Task
 * Chapter 32: Flesh, Blood, and Bone
 * Chapter 33: The Death Eaters
 * Chapter 34: Priori Incantatem
 * Chapter 35: Veritaserum
 * Chapter 36: The Parting of the Ways
 * Chapter 37: The Beginning
 * Order of the Phoenix
 * Chapter 1: Dudley Demented
 * Chapter 2: A Peck of Owls
 * Chapter 3: The Advance Guard
 * Chapter 4: Number Twelve, Grimmauld Place
 * Chapter 5: The Order of the Phoenix
 * Chapter 6: The Noble and Most Ancient House of Black
 * Chapter 7: The Ministry of Magic
 * Chapter 8: The Hearing
 * Chapter 9: The Woes of Mrs. Weasley
 * Chapter 10: Luna Lovegood
 * Chapter 11: The Sorting Hat's New Song
 * Chapter 12: Professor Umbridge
 * Chapter 13: Detention with Dolores
 * Chapter 14: Percy and Padfoot
 * Chapter 15: The Hogwarts High Inquisitor
 * Chapter 16: In the Hog's Head
 * Chapter 17: Educational Decree Number Twenty-Four
 * Chapter 18: Dumbledore's Army
 * Chapter 19: The Lion and the Serpent
 * Chapter 20: Hagrid's Tale
 * Chapter 21: The Eye of the Snake
 * Chapter 22: St. Mungo's Hospital for Magical Maladies and Injuries
 * Chapter 23: Christmas on the Closed Ward
 * Chapter 24: Occlumency
 * Chapter 25: The Beetle at Bay
 * Chapter 26: Seen and Unforeseen
 * Chapter 27: The Centaur and the Sneak
 * Chapter 28: Snape's Worst Memory
 * Chapter 29: Careers Advice
 * Chapter 30: Grawp
 * Chapter 31: O.W.L.s
 * Chapter 32: Out of the Fire
 * Chapter 33: Fight and Flight
 * Chapter 34: The Department of Mysteries
 * Chapter 35: Beyond the Veil
 * Chapter 36: The Only One He Ever Feared
 * Chapter 37: The Lost Prophecy
 * Chapter 38: The Second War Begins
 * Half-Blood Prince
 * Chapter 1: The Other Minister
 * Chapter 2: Spinner's End
 * Chapter 3: Will and Won't
 * Chapter 4: Horace Slughorn
 * Chapter 5: An Excess of Phlegm
 * Chapter 6: Draco's Detour
 * Chapter 7: The Slug Club
 * Chapter 8: Snape Victorious
 * Chapter 9: The Half-Blood Prince
 * Chapter 10: The House of Gaunt
 * Chapter 11: Hermione's Helping Hand
 * Chapter 12: Silver and Opals
 * Chapter 13: The Secret Riddle
 * Chapter 14: Felix Felicis
 * Chapter 15: The Unbreakable Vow
 * Chapter 16: A Very Frosty Christmas
 * Chapter 17: A Sluggish Memory
 * Chapter 18: Birthday Surprises
 * Chapter 19: Elf Tails
 * Chapter 20: Lord Voldemort's Request
 * Chapter 21: The Unknowable Room
 * Chapter 22: After the Burial
 * Chapter 23: Horcruxes
 * Chapter 24: Sectumsempra
 * Chapter 25: The Seer Overheard
 * Chapter 26: The Cave
 * Chapter 27: The Lightning-Struck Tower
 * Chapter 28: Flight of the Prince
 * Chapter 29: The Phoenix Lament
 * Chapter 30: The White Tomb
 * Deathly Hallows
 * Chapter 1: The Dark Lord Ascending
 * Chapter 2: In Memoriam
 * Chapter 3: The Dursleys Departing
 * Chapter 4: The Seven Potters
 * Chapter 5: Fallen Warrior
 * Chapter 6: The Ghoul in Pyjamas
 * Chapter 7: The Will of Albus Dumbledore
 * Chapter 8: The Wedding
 * Chapter 9: A Place to Hide
 * Chapter 10: Kreacher's Tale
 * Chapter 11: The Bribe
 * Chapter 12: Magic is Might
 * Chapter 13: The Muggle-Born Registration Commission
 * Chapter 14: The Thief
 * Chapter 15: The Goblin's Revenge
 * Chapter 16: Godric's Hollow
 * Chapter 17: Bathilda's Secret
 * Chapter 18: The Life and Lies of Albus Dumbledore
 * Chapter 19: The Silver Doe
 * Chapter 20: Xenophilius Lovegood
 * Chapter 21: The Tale of the Three Brothers
 * Chapter 22: The Deathly Hallows
 * Chapter 23: Malfoy Manor
 * Chapter 24: The Wandmaker
 * Chapter 25: Shell Cottage
 * Chapter 26: Gringotts
 * Chapter 27: The Final Hiding Place
 * Chapter 28: The Missing Mirror
 * Chapter 29: The Lost Diadem
 * Chapter 30: The Sacking of Severus Snape
 * Chapter 31: The Battle of Hogwarts
 * Chapter 32: The Elder Wand
 * Chapter 33: The Prince's Tale
 * Chapter 34: The Forest Again
 * Chapter 35: King's Cross
 * Chapter 36: The Flaw in the Plan
 * Epilogue: Nineteen Years Later
 * Overall Analysis
 * Character Development
 * Major Themes
 * Real-World Connections
 * Characters
 * Aberforth Dumbledore
 * Adrian Pucey
 * Alastor Moody
 * Albert Runcorn
 * Albus Dumbledore
 * Alecto Carrow
 * Alice Longbottom
 * Alicia Spinnet
 * Ambrosius Flume
 * Amelia Bones
 * Amycus Carrow
 * Amos Diggory
 * Andrew Kirke
 * Andromeda Tonks
 * Angelina Johnson
 * Anthony Goldstein
 * Antonin Dolohov
 * Arabella Figg
 * Aragog
 * Argus Filch
 * Ariana Dumbledore
 * Armando Dippet
 * Arthur Weasley
 * Augusta Longbottom
 * Augustus Rookwood
 * Auntie Muriel
 * Avery
 * Bane
 * Bartemius Crouch Sr.
 * Barty Crouch Jr.
 * Bathilda Bagshot
 * Bellatrix Lestrange
 * Benjy Fenwick
 * Bertha Jorkins
 * Bill Weasley
 * Black Family
 * Blaise Zabini
 * Bob Ogden
 * Bogrod
 * Bole
 * Borgin
 * Broderick Bode
 * Buckbeak
 * Cadwallader
 * Caractacus Burke
 * Caradoc Dearborn
 * Cecilia
 * Cedric Diggory
 * Charlie Weasley
 * Cho Chang
 * Colin Creevey
 * Cormac McLaggen
 * Cornelius Fudge
 * Crabbe, Sr.
 * Crookshanks
 * Dawlish
 * Dean Thomas
 * Dedalus Diggle
 * Demelza Robins
 * Dennis Creevey
 * Derrick
 * Dexter Fortescue
 * Dilys Derwent
 * Dirk Cresswell
 * Dobby
 * Dolores Umbridge
 * Dorcas Meadowes
 * Draco Malfoy
 * Dudley Dursley
 * Dumbledore's Army
 * Edgar Bones
 * Eleanor Branstone
 * Eloise Midgeon
 * Elphias Doge
 * Emmeline Vance
 * Eric Munch
 * Ernie Macmillan
 * Ernie Prang
 * Errol
 * Evan Rosier
 * Everard
 * Fabian Prewett
 * Fang
 * Fawcett
 * Fawkes
 * Fenrir Greyback
 * Filius Flitwick
 * Firenze
 * Fleur Delacour
 * Florean Fortescue
 * Frank Bryce
 * Frank Longbottom
 * Fred and George Weasley
 * Gabrielle Delacour
 * Gawain Robards
 * Gellert Grindelwald
 * Gibbon
 * Gideon Prewett
 * Gilderoy Lockhart
 * Ginny Weasley
 * Godric Gryffindor
 * Goyle, Sr.
 * Graham Pritchard
 * Grawp
 * Gregorovitch
 * Gregory Goyle
 * Griphook
 * Hannah Abbott
 * Harper
 * Harry Potter
 * Hedwig
 * Helga Hufflepuff
 * Hepzibah Smith
 * Hermes
 * Hermione Granger
 * Hestia Jones
 * Hokey
 * Horace Slughorn
 * House of Gaunt
 * Igor Karkaroff
 * Irma Pince
 * Jack Sloper
 * James Potter
 * Jimmy Peakes
 * Jugson
 * Justin Finch-Fletchley
 * Katie Bell
 * Kendra Dumbledore
 * Kevin Whitby
 * Kingsley Shacklebolt
 * Kreacher
 * Laura Madley
 * Lavender Brown
 * Lee Jordan
 * Lily Potter
 * Lisa Turpin
 * Lord Voldemort
 * Lucius Malfoy
 * Ludovic Bagman
 * Luna Lovegood
 * Madam Rosmerta
 * Mafalda Hopkirk
 * Magorian
 * Malcolm Baddock
 * Mandy Brocklehurst
 * Marauders
 * Marcus Belby
 * Marcus Flint
 * Marge Dursley
 * Marietta Edgecombe
 * Marlene McKinnon
 * Marvolo Gaunt
 * Mary Macdonald
 * Mr. Mason
 * Mrs. Mason
 * Merope Gaunt
 * Michael Corner
 * Miles Bletchley
 * Millicent Bullstrode
 * Minerva McGonagall
 * Miriam Strout
 * Moaning Myrtle
 * Molly Weasley
 * Montague
 * Morfin Gaunt
 * Mulciber
 * Mundungus Fletcher
 * Nagini
 * Narcissa Malfoy
 * Natalie McDonald
 * Nearly Headless Nick
 * Neville Longbottom
 * Norbert
 * Nott
 * Nymphadora Tonks
 * Oliver Wood
 * Ollivander
 * Olympe Maxime
 * Orion Black
 * Orla Quirke
 * Owen Cauldwell
 * Padma Patil
 * Pansy Parkinson
 * Parvati Patil
 * Peeves
 * Penelope Clearwater
 * Percy Weasley
 * Percival Dumbledore
 * Peter Pettigrew
 * Petunia Dursley
 * Phineas Nigellus Black
 * Piers Polkiss
 * Pigwidgeon
 * Pius Thicknesse
 * Pomona Sprout
 * Poppy Pomfrey
 * Professor Binns
 * Professor Quirrell
 * Professor Sinistra
 * Professor Vector
 * Rabastan Lestrange
 * Regulus Black
 * Remus Lupin
 * Rita Skeeter
 * Ritchie Coote
 * Rodolphus Lestrange
 * Roger Davies
 * Rolanda Hooch
 * Romilda Vane
 * Ron Weasley
 * Ronan
 * Rose Zeller
 * Rowena Ravenclaw
 * Rubeus Hagrid
 * Rufus Scrimgeour
 * Salazar Slytherin
 * Scabbers
 * Seamus Finnigan
 * Selwyn
 * Septima Vector
 * Severus Snape
 * Sybill Trelawney
 * Sir Cadogan
 * Sirius Black
 * Sorting Hat
 * Stan Shunpike
 * Stewart Ackerley
 * Sturgis Podmore
 * Summerby
 * Summers
 * Susan Bones
 * Terence Higgs
 * Terry Boot
 * The Bloody Baron
 * The Fat Friar
 * The Fat Lady
 * The Grey Lady
 * Theodore Nott
 * Thorfinn Rowle
 * Tom Marvolo Riddle
 * Tom Riddle
 * Travers
 * Trevor
 * Urquhart
 * Vaisey
 * Vernon Dursley
 * Viktor Krum
 * Vincent Crabbe
 * Walburga Black
 * Walden Macnair
 * Warrington
 * Weasley Family
 * Wilhelmina Grubbly-Plank
 * Wilkes
 * Wilkie Twycross
 * Willy Widdershins
 * Winky
 * Witherwings
 * Xenophilius Lovegood
 * Yaxley
 * Zacharias Smith
 * Places
 * Azkaban
 * Beauxbatons Academy of Magic
 * Borgin and Burkes
 * Chamber of Secrets
 * Diagon Alley
 * Durmstrang Institute
 * Forbidden Forest
 * Godric's Hollow
 * Gringotts
 * Grimmauld Place
 * Gryffindor House
 * Headmaster's Office, Hogwarts
 * Hog's Head Inn
 * Hogsmeade
 * Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry
 * Honeyduke's Sweetshop
 * House of Gaunt
 * Hufflepuff House
 * Knockturn Alley
 * Little Hangleton
 * Malfoy Manor
 * Ministry of Magic
 * Platform 9 and Three Quarters
 * Privet Drive
 * Ravenclaw House
 * Riddle Manor
 * Room of Requirement
 * Shell Cottage
 * Shrieking Shack
 * Slytherin House
 * Spinner's End
 * St. Mungo's Hospital for Magical Maladies and Injuries
 * The Burrow
 * The Three Broomsticks
 * The Leaky Cauldron
 * Weasleys' Wizard Wheezes
 * Major Events
 * Battle at the Department of Mysteries
 * Battle of Hogwarts
 * Break-in at Gringotts
 * Cedric's Death
 * Duel in the Cemetery
 * Duel in the Chamber of Secrets
 * Cho Chang relationships
 * Death Eaters
 * Dobby's Death
 * Dumbledore's Army
 * Dumbledore's Death
 * Escape from Privet Drive
 * Events in the Shrieking Shack
 * First Task
 * Fred Weasley's Death
 * Ginny Weasley relationships
 * Harry - Voldemort Shared Thoughts
 * Harry Potter relationships
 * Head Boy
 * Hermione Granger relationships
 * House Cup
 * Infiltration of the Ministry of Magic
 * Inquisitorial Squad
 * The Life and Lies of Albus Dumbledore
 * Mad-Eye Moody's Death
 * NEWT exams
 * Nymphadora's Death
 * Order of the Phoenix
 * OWL exams
 * Pettigrew's Death
 * Prefects
 * Quidditch
 * Quidditch captain
 * Quidditch World Cup
 * Remus' Death
 * Ron Weasley relationships
 * Second Task
 * Sirius' Death
 * Snape's Death
 * S.P.E.W.
 * Third Task
 * Tower Battle (Hogwarts)
 * Triwizard Tournament
 * Viktor Krum relationships
 * Voldemort's Death
 * Year-end exams
 * Yule Ball
 * Magic
 * Accio
 * Acromantula
 * Aguamenti
 * Alohomora
 * Amortentia
 * Anapneo
 * Ancient Runes
 * Animagus
 * Aparecium
 * Apparition
 * Arithmancy
 * Ashwinder
 * Astronomy
 * Augurey
 * Auror
 * Avada Kedavra
 * Avis
 * Banishing Charm
 * Basilisk
 * Bat Bogey Hex
 * Bezoar
 * Billywig
 * Blood Blisterpod
 * Blood traitor
 * Blood-Sucking Bugbear
 * Boggart
 * Books and Textbooks
 * Boomslang
 * Bowtruckle
 * Brooms
 * Bubble-Head Charm
 * Bubotuber
 * Bundimun
 * Canary Cream
 * Care of Magical Creatures
 * Centaur
 * Charms
 * Chimaera
 * Chizpurfle
 * Clabbert
 * Cockatrice
 * Colloportus
 * Confringo
 * Confundo
 * Conjunctivitus
 * Crucio
 * Crumple Horned Snorkack
 * Crup
 * Dark Mark
 * Peruvian Instant Darkness Powder
 * Deathly Hallows
 * Decoy Detonator
 * Decree for the Reasonable Restriction of Underage Sorcery
 * Defence Against the Dark Arts
 * Defodio
 * Deletrius
 * Deluminator
 * Dementor
 * Demiguise
 * Densaugeo
 * Deprimo
 * Descendo
 * Devil's Snare
 * Diffindo
 * Diricawl
 * Disappearing Cabinets
 * Disillusionment
 * Dissendium
 * Dittany
 * Divination
 * Doxy
 * Dragon
 * Draught of Living Death
 * Dreamless Sleep Potion
 * Dugbog
 * Duro
 * Enervate
 * Engorgio
 * Episkey
 * Erkling
 * Erumpent
 * Evanesco
 * Expecto Patronum
 * Expelliarmus
 * Expulso
 * Extendable Ear
 * Fairy
 * Felix Felicis
 * Ferula
 * Fidelius
 * Fiendfyre
 * Finite
 * Finite Incantatem
 * Fire-call
 * Fire Crab
 * Flagrante
 * Flagrate
 * Flobberworm
 * Floo Network
 * Floo Powder
 * Flutterby bush
 * Flying
 * Foe Glass
 * Ford Anglia
 * Furnunculus
 * Fwooper
 * Geminio
 * Gemino
 * Ghost
 * Ghoul
 * Giant
 * Gillyweed
 * Glisseo
 * Glumbumble
 * Gnome
 * Goblet of Fire
 * Gobbledegook
 * Goblin
 * Graphorn
 * Griffin
 * Grim
 * Grindylow
 * Gurdyroot
 * Half-blood
 * Hand of Glory
 * Herbology
 * Hinkypunk
 * Hippocampus
 * Hippogriff
 * History of Magic
 * Homenum Revelio
 * Horcrux
 * Horcruxes
 * Horklump
 * House Elf
 * Howler
 * Imp
 * Impedimenta
 * Imperio
 * Imperturbable Charm
 * Impervius
 * Incarcerous
 * Incendio
 * Inferius
 * Invisibility Cloak
 * Jarvey
 * Jobberknoll
 * Kappa
 * Kelpie
 * Knarl
 * Kneazle
 * Knight Bus
 * Langlock
 * Legilimency
 * Legilimens
 * Leprechaun
 * Lethifold
 * Levicorpus
 * Liberacorpus
 * Lobalug
 * Locomotor
 * Locomotor Mortis
 * Love Potion
 * Lumos
 * Mackled Malaclaw
 * Mandrake
 * Manticore
 * Marauder's Map
 * Mermish
 * Merpeople
 * Metamorphmagus
 * Mimbulus Mimbletonia
 * Mirror of Erised
 * Mobiliarbus
 * Mobilicorpus
 * Moke
 * Money
 * Mooncalf
 * Morsmordre
 * Mudblood
 * Muffliato
 * Muggle
 * Muggle-born
 * Muggle Studies
 * Murtlap
 * Niffler
 * Nogtail
 * Nox
 * Nudu
 * Obliviate
 * Occamy
 * Occlumency
 * Omnioculars
 * Oppugno
 * Orchideous
 * Paintings
 * Parselmouth
 * Parseltongue
 * Patronus
 * Pensieve
 * Pepper-Up Potion
 * Permanent Sticking Charm
 * Peskipiksi Pesternomi
 * Petrificus Totalus
 * Philosopher's Stone
 * Phoenix
 * Photograph
 * Pixie
 * Plimpy
 * Pogrebin
 * Point Me
 * Polyjuice Potion
 * Porlock
 * Portkey
 * Portus
 * Potions
 * Prior Incantato
 * Priori Incantatem
 * Probity Probe
 * Prophecy
 * Protean Charm
 * Protego
 * Puffskein
 * Pureblood
 * Pygmy Puff
 * Quick-Quotes Quill
 * Quietus
 * Quintaped
 * Ramora
 * Re'em
 * Red Cap
 * Reducio
 * Reducto
 * Relashio
 * Remembrall
 * Renervate
 * Reparo
 * Revulsion Jinx
 * Rictusempra
 * Riddikulus
 * Runespoor
 * Salamander
 * Scourgify
 * Sea Serpent
 * Secrecy Sensor
 * Sectumsempra
 * Serpensortia
 * Shrake
 * Silencio
 * Skiving Snackbox
 * Skrewt
 * Snargaluff
 * Sneakoscope
 * Snidget
 * Sonorus
 * Specialis Revelio
 * Sphinx
 * Squib
 * Streeler
 * Stupefy
 * Subjects
 * Sword of Gryffindor
 * Tarantallegra
 * Tebo
 * Tergeo
 * The Daily Prophet
 * The Quibbler
 * Thestral
 * Time-Turner
 * Ton-Tongue Toffee
 * Tongue-tying Curse
 * Transfiguration
 * Transfiguration Today
 * Troll
 * Unbreakable Vow
 * Undetectable Extension Charm
 * Unforgivable Curses
 * Unicorn
 * Vampire
 * Veela
 * Venomous Tentacula
 * Veritaserum
 * Waddiwasi
 * Wand
 * Werewolf
 * Whomping Willow
 * Wingardium Leviosa
 * Winged horse
 * Witch Weekly
 * Wizengamot
 * Wolfsbane Potion
 * Yeti
 * Timeline
 * Index

title: Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Contents