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Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Nature/Worms - Advanced

1. What are the 3 major classes of platyhelminthes and describe them.
The Monogenea, Trematoda, and Cestoda are the three major classes of parasitic flatworms, though the Turbellaria used to be considered a part of this class*

Monogeneans are largely ectoparasites on vertebrates like fishes; trematodes are the flukes, most of which live inside the organs of a variety of vertebrates as adults; and cestodes are the tapeworms, living in the intestines of a variety of vertebrates as adults (this is why your pets get annual shots—so that they don’t experience cestodes or trematodes—otherwise, pets could die as a result of an infestation of these worms.)

All Platyhelminthes are hermaphroditic in nature, meaning they can fertilize themselves.

 * Turbellarians are, for the most part, free-living and non-parasitic, and thus do not in reality conform consistently with the rest of this class which is parasitic in nature.

For sake of completeness, it should be noted that the Monogenea are listed only on the most recent, scientific websites as part of the platyhelminthes classification. Most websites still refer to the pre-1999 classification of the platyhelminthes, making Turbellaria a class within that classification.

http://devbio.umesci.maine.edu/styler/globalworming/platyhelm.htm

2. Name an example of a nematoda and describe its lifecycle.
Nematodes are also known as roundworms or eel worms. Examples include Lungworms, Hairworms, the Potato cyst, and stomach worms.

There are hundreds of types of nematodes.

There are three types of lifecycles present simply in the portion of this classification that infect plants:

Nematodes that are migratory ectoparasites are those that find plants as hosts (plant-parasitic). Migratory ectoparasites only feed on the surface cells of the plant (they don’t burrow into the plant). Pin, ring, and mint nematodes are examples of this type of nematode.

Their lifecycle: Eggs are laid only in the soil and develop until a first stage juvenile nematode is present. This nematode molts for the first time while still within the egg and it is the second stage juvenile which emerges from the egg into the soil. Moving through the soil, this nematode finds a root and inserts its stylet into one of the surface (epidermal) cells on the root surface. After feeding for some period of time, the nematode withdraws its stylet and moves on to feed in a new location. When the nematode has grown to a certain size, it molts a second time to become a third stage juvenile and later a third time to become a fourth stage juvenile. After a fourth and final molt, the nematode becomes an adult.

Migratory endoparasites are similar to the Migratory ectoparasites, except for the fact that they burrow into the plant to feed. Migratory endoparasites lay the eggs inside the host plants. The first stage juvenile molts inside the egg. The egg hatches once the juvenile has entered its second stage. Once released into the cortex (inside) of a plant, the juvenile will molt three more times, becoming either male or female. The eggs of the female will be laid in the cortex of the plant host. At any stage, juveniles may move to (hence the term migratory) and infect new plants.

Sedentary endoparasites enter their host species setting up a permanent feeding station. Eventually a mature female will lay her eggs inside the host plants. The first stage juvenile molts inside the egg. The egg hatches once the juvenile has entered its second stage. This second stage is the ONLY stage that is infectious. It will leave the host plant and burrow into a plant, and release enzymes that change the chemical composition of the plant cells surrounding it. These adapted cells become the embedded nematodes food source as it grows into a sausage shape, entering stages 3 and four and eventually laying its eggs before dying. http://ippc2.orst.edu/mint/nemacycle.htm

Hairworm life cycle: The hairworm eggs hatch in water releasing stage to juvenile stage hairworms. Grasshoppers are their eventual host, though scientists are sure how the hairworm larvae get inside the grasshoppers. Eventually, through several moltings, the larvae that have gotten inside the grasshopper fill the grasshoppers whole body cavity releasing a toxic mixture of chemicals that causes the grasshopper to commit suicide by jumping into water. Once the grasshopper parasite host is dead, the adult hairworm emerges from the grasshopper, and repeats the lifecycle by laying a batch of eggs. http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2005/09/0901_050901_wormparasite.html

3. What are the three major classes of annelida and how do they move?
The three classes of annelids are Polychaeta (marine annelids); Oligochaeta (marine, freshwater and trrestiral annelids such as earthworms); Hirudinea (marine, freshwater, and terrestrial leeches).

The Polychaeta move with bristles (Setae) that extend out from parapods, side flaps that extend from their bodies. The bristles look and act similar to legs, and help the polycaet swim or burrow.

The Oligocaeta and Hirudinea move by contracting muscles in their body in a sequential fashion, forcing their coelomic fluid to change the shape of each segment, thus moving their body forward. The setae bristles assist in anchoring them as they move forward.

a. Distinguish between the following body structures: coelomates, pseudocoelomates, and acoelomates.
All of the following body structures contain bilateral symmetry. That is, they are symmetrical alone a defined plane. One example of bilateral symmetry is that if a person looked in a mirror and imagined a line extending from the middle of his/her head down to the floor, the body on the left side of the line would be a “mirror image” of the part of the body on the right side of the line.

Coelomates have a complex body cavity. Organs are suspended from the body wall. Mollusks and humans are just a few of the animals that share this body structure. Pseudocoelomates have a simple fluid filled body. The organs of these simple animals often float within the body cavity. Nematodes are the most numerous members of animals that have this body structure. Acoelomates lack internal body cavities. Acoelomates include flatworms and ribbon worms. For example, flatworms have organs, but do not have a fully formed digestive tract or a way to transport oxygen through the body. Therefore, each cell is required to handle respiration individually. http://www.bookrags.com/Animal

b. Which body structures are common in the three phyla of worms?
1. Coelomates (segmented/annelida)

2. Pseudocoelomates (roundworm/nematoda)

3. Acoelomates (flat worm/platyhelminthes)

5. Be able to demonstrate three ways to purify water.
The following advise on how to purify water for drinking. Please note that this is general advice; before drinking any water, you should check with local authorities as to its suitability. Be cautious of water containing particulate or solids, or polluted with unknown chemicals.

According to the Red Cross, to purify drinking water use any of the following methods:

1) Boil for five to ten minutes

2) Add ten (10) drops of household bleach solution per gallon of water, mix well and let stand for thirty (30) minutes. A slight smell or taste of chlorine indicates water is good to drink.

3) Add household tincture of iodine in the same manner as bleach above.

4) Use commercial purification tablets, following package directions. Two commercial brand names as Halazone and Globaline

6. Complete the following
Note: Such organizations as adra.org and worldwater.org provide information and resources for both parts of this question.

a. From what you have learned about worms. Why is the availability of fresh water so important to human health, especially in third world countries?
To get you started: Fresh water that is free of organisms, including the parasitic worms we have studied, assists persons in living longer, avoiding disease, and living higher quality lives.

b. Organize a fund raiser to support organizations that strive to provide freshwater to third world counties.
For fundraising ideas, visit the NAD Pathfinder Forum at http://www.pathfindersonline.org/forum/viewforum.php?f=9.

7. Describe a spiritual lesson about living water from the Bible.
John 4 contains the story of the woman at the well who received the instructions from Jesus about receiving living water. Consult the SDA Bible Commentary and your choice of Bible version (www.biblegateway.com) for the complete story. Also, Psalms 1:3 and Jeremiah 17:8

Resources

 * http://devbio.umesci.maine.edu/styler/globalworming/platyhelm.htm
 * http://ippc2.orst.edu/mint/nemacycle.htm
 * http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2005/09/0901_050901_wormparasite.html
 * http://www.teachnet.ie/farmnet/Animal_classification.htm
 * http://www.adra.org/site/Search?query=water
 * http://www.path.cam.ac.uk/~schisto/Nematodes/Ascaris.html

|

/Completed Honors


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User:Stephanieeast

Educator with a Master's in Education with an Outdoor Education emphasis

Elementary, Middle School & High School Teacher

Corporate Computer Trainer

Co-Director of Wilderness Adventure Camp for the Illinois Conference of Seventh-day Adventists

Co-Creator with Rodney East of "Why Knot? an introduction to knots, splices & rope" DVD which has all the information needed to complete the Knot Tying Honor. Available through Advent Source.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Stephanieeast


text:
This Quantum World/Serious illnesses/Schroedinger

< PREVIOUS

Schrödinger
If the electron is a standing wave, why should it be confined to a circle? After de Broglie's crucial insight that particles are waves of some sort, it took less than three years for the mature quantum theory to be found, not once, but twice. By Werner Heisenberg in 1925 and by Erwin Schrödinger in 1926. If we let the electron be a standing wave in three dimensions, we have all it takes to arrive at the Schrödinger equation, which is at the heart of the mature theory.

Let's keep to one spatial dimension. The simplest mathematical description of a wave of angular wavenumber $$k=2\pi/\lambda$$ and angular frequency $$\omega = 2\pi/T = 2\pi\nu$$ (at any rate, if you are familiar with complex numbers) is the function
 * $$\psi(x,t) = e^{i(kx-\omega t)}.$$

Let's express the phase $$\phi(x,t) = kx-\omega t$$ in terms of the electron's energy $$E=h\nu=\hbar\omega$$ and momentum $$p=h/\lambda=\hbar k:$$
 * $$\psi(x,t)=e^{i(px-Et)/\hbar}.$$

The partial derivatives with respect to $$x$$ and $$t$$ are

{\partial\psi\over\partial x}={i\over\hbar}p\psi\quad\hbox{and}\quad {\partial\psi\over\partial t}=-{i\over\hbar}E\psi. $$ We also need the second partial derivative of $$\psi$$ with respect to $$x$$:

{\partial^2\psi\over\partial x^2} = \left({ip\over\hbar}\right)^2\psi. $$ We thus have

E\psi=i\hbar{\partial\psi\over\partial t},\quad p\psi=-i\hbar{\partial\psi\over\partial x},\quad\hbox{and}\quad p^2\psi=-\hbar^2{\partial^2\psi\over\partial x^2}. $$ In non-relativistic classical physics the kinetic energy and the kinetic momentum $$p$$ of a free particle are related via the dispersion relation
 * $$E=p^2/2m.$$

This relation also holds in non-relativistic quantum physics. Later you will learn why.

In three spatial dimensions, $$p$$ is the magnitude of a vector $$\textbf{p}$$. If the particle also has a potential energy $$V (\textbf{r},t)$$ and a potential momentum $$\textbf{A}(\textbf{r},t)$$ (in which case it is not free), and if $$E$$ and $$\textbf{p}$$ stand for the particle's total energy and total momentum, respectively, then the dispersion relation is

E-V = (\textbf{p}-\textbf{A})^2/2m. $$ By the square of a vector $$\textbf{v}$$ we mean the dot (or scalar) product $$\textbf{v} \cdot \textbf{v}$$. Later you will learn why we represent possible influences on the motion of a particle by such fields as $$V(\textbf{r},t)$$ and $$\textbf{A}(\textbf{r},t).$$

Returning to our fictitious world with only one spatial dimension, allowing for a potential energy $$V(x,t)$$, substituting the differential operators $$i\hbar{\partial\over\partial t}$$ and $$-\hbar^2 {\partial^2\over\partial x^2}$$ for $$E$$ and $$p^2$$ in the resulting dispersion relation, and applying both sides of the resulting operator equation to $$\psi,$$ we arrive at the one-dimensional (time-dependent) Schrödinger equation: In three spatial dimensions and with both potential energy $$V(\textbf{r},t)$$ and potential momentum $$\textbf{A}(\textbf{r},t)$$ present, we proceed from the relation $$E-V = (\textbf{p}-\textbf{A})^2/2m,$$ substituting $$i\hbar{\partial\over\partial t}$$ for $$E$$ and $$-i\hbar{\partial\over\partial\textbf{r}}$$ for $$\textbf{p}.$$ The differential operator $${\partial\over\partial\textbf{r}}$$ is a vector whose components are the differential operators $$\left({\partial\psi\over\partial x},{\partial\psi\over\partial y},{\partial\psi\over\partial z}\right).$$ The result:

i\hbar{\partial\psi\over\partial t} = \frac{1}{2m} \left(-i\hbar{\partial\over\partial\textbf{r}} - \textbf{A}\right)^2\psi + V\psi, $$ where $$\psi$$ is now a function of $$\textbf{r}=(x,y,z)$$ and $$t.$$ This is the three-dimensional Schrödinger equation. In non-relativistic investigations (to which the Schrödinger equation is confined) the potential momentum can generally be ignored, which is why the Schrödinger equation is often given this form: The free Schrödinger equation (without even the potential energy term) is satisfied by $$\psi(x,t) = e^{i(kx-\omega t)}$$ (in one dimension) or $$\psi(\textbf{r},t) = e^{i(\mathbf{k}\cdot\mathbf{r}-\omega t)}$$ (in three dimensions) provided that $$E=\hbar{\omega}$$ equals $$p^2/2m=(\hbar k)^2/ 2m,$$ which is to say: $$\omega(k)=\hbar k^2/2m.$$ However, since we are dealing with a homogeneous linear differential equation — which tells us that solutions may be added and/or multiplied by an arbitrary constant to yield additional solutions — any function of the form

\psi(x,t) = {1\over\sqrt{2\pi}}\int \overline{\psi}(k)\,e^{i[kx-\omega(k)t]}dk= {1\over\sqrt{2\pi}}\int \overline{\psi}(k,t)\,e^{ikx}dk $$ with $$\overline{\psi}(k,t) = \overline{\psi}(k) e^{-i\omega(k)t}$$ solves the (one-dimensional) Schrödinger equation. If no integration boundaries are specified, then we integrate over the real line, i.e., the integral is defined as the limit $$\lim_{L\rightarrow\infty}\int_{-L}^{+L}.$$ The converse also holds: every solution is of this form. The factor in front of the integral is present for purely cosmetic reasons, as you will realize presently. $$\overline{\psi} (k,t)$$ is the Fourier transform of $$\psi(x,t),$$ which means that

\overline{\psi}(k,t)={1\over\sqrt{2\pi}}\int \psi(x,t)\,e^{-ikx}dx. $$ The Fourier transform of $$\psi(x,t)$$ exists because the integral $$\int|\psi(x,t)|dx$$ is finite. In the next section we will come to know the physical reason why this integral is finite.

So now we have a condition that every electron "wave function" must satisfy in order to satisfy the appropriate dispersion relation. If this (and hence the Schrödinger equation) contains either or both of the potentials $$\textbf{V}$$ and $$\textbf{A}$$, then finding solutions can be tough. As a budding quantum mechanician, you will spend a considerable amount of time learning to solve the Schrödinger equation with various potentials. NEXT >


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User talk:Blacken~enwikibooks/C++ Concepts and Programming

A few notes:

 * This wikibook is starting in userspace because I want to get a good chunk of it done before I put it into the main space. I don't like the large number of wikibooks that have been started and left to languish because nobody ever actually put a lot of time into them. When it's to that point I'll put it into the main namespace.
 * I'm aware that there's already a C++ Programming wikibook. It seems geared more toward those who are already programmers (token "what is a foozle?") chapters to the contrary) and, in my own opinion, doesn't teach very well. I asked a friend of mine, a technical user but not a programmer, to read over it; got much of the "eyes glazed over" look. To those who would say "edit it", I reply that it is more a question of style and approach than content, and something that is difficult to change in an already-written text.
 * This is aimed more closely at the "for dummies" market than most. This isn't to say it won't be comprehensive, but it will spend more time on the whys, rather than the hows, than most other texts do.

Leave feedback if you'd like, I always enjoy reading it. Ed Ropple - B l a c k e n  - (Talk | Wikipedia talk) 08:38, 12 November 2006 (UTC)


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User talk:Blacken~enwikibooks

Hello and welcome to Wikibooks!

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You will find more resources in Community Portal. If you want to ask a question, visit the Study help desk, the Staff lounge, IRC channel or ask me personally on my talk page.

Good luck! -- Herby talk thyme 09:58, 12 November 2006 (UTC)

User:Blacken/C++ Concepts and Programming
I guess I'm going to have to be one of those "just edit it" people. While the existing wikibook does seem to assume a lot that a reader knows how to program already, I'm hoping to make it easier for readers not familar with programming and am always on the look out for inaccaracies with the C++ Standard. I'm not sure when you've last taken a look at the wikibook, so I invite you to take another look. Its progressed queit a bit since I've been helping out and will hopefully progress even further with more people contributing. --darklama 14:08, 12 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Replied to on your user page (as there's already a lot of C++ talk there). Ed Ropple - B l a c k e n  - (Talk | Wikipedia talk) 19:49, 12 November 2006 (UTC)

 * I've seen what you've done thats why I commented. Really I believe our aims are the same or can be the same. Wikibooks are always in progress and the C++ Programming has a bit of history, including previous mergers and renaming. It even says on the main page its aim is to teach from introductory to advance. I agree it has a medium to more advance feel to it right now, but that doesn't mean its not ment to have introductory contents for beginners as well. Personally I'd welcome any attempts to improve where it fails and make it less dry and more fun to read. I think our philosophies about teaching from what you've said are the same. I can understand though how that book can be hard to contribute to, thats part of what I've been trying to fix. Oh and I didn't start the book, I've just been trying to make it a better book. I'm also not trying to say your POV is wrong, I'm just trying to show that I believe our aims to be close enough that you may want to think about helping out an existing book. I'm curious to see/know what improvements you would make or failing that see what becomes of your book once you've put more work into it. So far it looks like it might overlap with C++ Programming. --darklama 20:26, 12 November 2006 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Blacken. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Blacken~enwikibooks that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

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Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 04:39, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Blacken~enwikibooks


text:
User:Xoals02

I, xoals02 is living in Seoul, Korea.

I'm 17-year-old high school student.

title: User:Xoals02


text:
Talk:High School Mathematics Extensions/Financial Options

The dialog is confusing because of the switch between the $3000 example and a $2000 example. If intended, there is not enough explaination. If not intended, it leaves one confused.

Also, a question comes to mind about what would happen if the price fell to $6, or $4 in an unsuccessful negotation. Would the value not also be zero? ... how is this actually handeled when it comes to simultaneous equations?
 * thanks, this module needs alot of work. the 2000 3000 disparity has been corrected thanks for pointing it out. "if the price fell to $6, or $4 in an unsuccessful negotation. Would the value not also be zero?" The example states that the price will fall to $5 if the negotiation is unsuccessful. This is fixed. Say if you want to consider if the price shall fall to $6 if unsuccessful, then you will need to solve
 * 11y + z = 3000
 * 6y + z = 0
 * instead, which yields y = 600 therefore z = -$3600, and so the option is 600*8-3600 = 1200 which is more expensive. As one would expect. Will improve with time. Xiaodai 08:32, 13 November 2006 (UTC)


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User talk:195.93.21.71

Welcome to Wikibooks. We invite everyone to contribute constructively to our collection. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing. However, unconstructive edits are considered vandalism, and if you continue in this manner you may be blocked from editing without further warning. Please stop, and consider improving rather than damaging the hard work of others. Thanks. -- Herby talk thyme 13:43, 12 November 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:195.93.21.71


text:
User talk:65.9.135.178

Thanks for experimenting with Wikibooks. Your test worked, and has now been removed. Please use Sandbox for any other tests you want to do, since testing material in modules will normally be removed quickly. Please see the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our project. Thanks. -- Herby talk thyme 15:04, 12 November 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:65.9.135.178


text: Category:Subject:Musical equipment

title: Category:Subject:Musical equipment


text:
Rhetoric and Composition/Logical Fallacies

Logical fallacies are also known as "verbal fallacies." In establishing a grounded argument one needs to have a claim supported by evidence. Reasoning is used to make the evidence as relevant in making the claim valid. But sometimes due to faulty reasoning that leads to failure to provide sufficient claim makes the argument weak. Here are some of the most common examples of fallacies:

Faulty Cause and Effect Relationship Also known as "Post Hoc fallacy." It assumes sequence of events for a casual relationship, holding that the chain of events are closely linked to one another where the first event caused the second and so on. example: "Construction workers are dumb."

False Analogies Analogies always compare two or more situations that reflect some degree of resemblance. In this case two situations are wrongly made to resemble each other leading to false analogies. example: "Japan quit fighting in 1945 when we dropped nuclear bombs on them.           We should use nuclear bombs against other countries."

Bandwagon Appeal This stems from the wrong reasoning that everyone is doing it, so why shouldn't you? But in reality everyone is not actually involved in the act and it holds wrong reasons to do it. example: It doesn't matter if I do not cite the sources of my reference, no           one else cares to do it.

Either-or It suggests that there are only two choices in binary opposition for a given complex situation. This is rarely the case in actual situation. example: "Either we eliminate the regulation of business or else profits will           suffer." (It ignores hosts of other possibilities for incurring losses)

Ad Hominem Literally means "to the person." This form of faulty reasoning aims toward personal attacks against an individual as opposed to rational reasoning. example: My opponent is against the supporting the bill; I think he probably has some vested interest for not supporting it.

Ad Populum Literally means "to the people." It is based on using readers' prejudices and biases instead of sound reasoning. example: We cannot allow to open Indian restaurants in this suburb which is           predominantly white based. Indian cuisine is very hot and spicy, and therefore, unhealthy for our diet.

Begging the Question It occurs when the claim is passed off as an evidence by assuming as stated in fact what is supposed to be proved. example: "People should be able to say anything they want to because free           speech is an individual right."

Slippery Slope It follows that certain chain of events will happen anyways and will lead to another. example: "If we grant citizenship to illegal immigrants, no one will bother           to enter the country legally."

Strawman Setting up the counterarguments as weak so that they can be easily rejected. example: "Environmentalist won't be satisfied until not a single human being           is allowed to enter a national park."

Red Herring It is a tactic that introduces a false or irrelevant claim to distract the readers from the main argument. example: Personal income taxes should be reduced because there are too many essential bills that need to be paid.

Polarization It resorts to exaggerations of positions or groups by situating their claims as extreme or irrational. example: "Feminists are all man-haters."

Disclaimer: the examples under quotes are taken from "The Brief Penguin Hand Book" (2nd ed.).


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Horticulture/Allium vineale

Allium vineale (Crow Garlic) is a perennial bulb in the genus ../Allium/, native to Europe, north Africa and western Asia, but present elsewhere as an invasive weed of gardens, woodlands, and lawns.

Description
All parts of the plant have a strong garlic odor. The underground bulb is 1–2 cm diameter, with a fibrous outer layer. The main stem grows to 30–120 cm tall, bearing 2-4 leaves and an apical inflorescence 2–5 cm diameter comprising a number of small bulbils and none to a few flowers, subtended by a basal bract. The leaves are slender, hollow. and tubular, 15–60 cm long and 2–4 mm thick, waxy textured, with a groove along the side of the leaf facing the stem. The flowers are 2–5 mm long, with six petals varying in colour from pink to red or greenish-white. It flowers in the summer, June to August in northern Europe. Plants with no flowers, only bulbils, are sometimes distinguished as the variety Allium vineale var. compactum, but this character is probably not taxonomically significant.

Ecology
It is a weed in grain fields, as grain products may become tainted with a garlic odor or flavour in the presence of aerial bulblets at the time of harvest. Wild garlics is resistant to herbicides due to the structure of its leaves, being vertical, smooth and waxy. Herbicides do not cling well to it and are therefore not as effective.

The species is introduced in Australia and North America, where it has become an invasive species.

Uses
Crow Garlic can be used as a substitute for garlic. It imparts a garlic-like flavour and odor on dairy and beef products when grazed by livestock.

title: Horticulture/Allium vineale


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User:Jesselang

Jesse Lang's web site

title: User:Jesselang


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User talk:202.79.62.13

Please do not replace Wikibooks pages with blank content. Blank pages are harmful to Wikibooks because they have a tendency to confuse readers. If it is a duplicate article, please redirect it to an appropriate existing page. If the page has been vandalised, please revert it to the last legitimate version. If you feel that the content of a page is inappropriate, please edit the page and replace it with appropriate content. If you believe there is no hope for the page, please see the deletion policy for how to proceed. If page is no longer useful, insert delete to its top. Thanks for contributing to Wikibooks! -- Herby talk thyme 17:04, 12 November 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:202.79.62.13


text:
User talk:82.38.242.190

Thanks for experimenting with Wikibooks. Your test worked, and has now been removed. Please use Sandbox for any other tests you want to do, since testing material in modules will normally be removed quickly. Please see the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our project. Thanks. -- Herby talk thyme 17:17, 12 November 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:82.38.242.190


text:
User talk:59.152.88.4

Please stop adding nonsense to Wikibooks. It is considered vandalism. If you would like to experiment, use the sandbox. Thank you. -- Herby talk thyme 18:00, 12 November 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:59.152.88.4


text:
Statistical Mechanics/Cover

=Statistical Mechanics= This book will cover the rigorous template of statistical mechanics, which has many uses in abstract physics that build up into many theories on many different materials, the most important of which being Thermal Physics. =Prerequisites= The following are some good things to have under your belt to understand this material: For Thermal Physics, the above is suggested (except for quantum numbers/Schrodinger ideas) and:
 * Multivariate Calculus
 * Introductory Physics
 * A very brisk notion of quantum numbers and the Schrodinger equation (in other words, just the main idea of what they are)
 * Partial Differentials

title: Statistical Mechanics/Cover


text:
Personal Finance/Assets/Stock

United States
The Stock Market building resembles the New York Public Library. On the entrance building the sign reads "New York Stock Exchange". This is the heart and soul of all of the United States' major financial institutions. It is today what Fort Knox was almost two hundred years ago - the place where billions of dollars of wealth changes hands daily. A symbol of capitalism in action.

The New York Stock Exchange has been the targeted by terrorism in the past. However, the physical destruction of the building would have little effect as the majority of the exchange trading is computerized with backup computers located in a different locations.

Most major American companies like Microsoft, IBM, Pfizer, Lockheed Martin, and Apple trade on the NYSE or NASDAQ. Foreign companies may be ADRs on the OTC Markets (e.g. Tencent). However, some are not traded, like Koch Industries. Anyone can own a piece of any corporation that is publicly traded by purchasing some shares and becoming a stock holder. A popular way is through a broker.

How the Stock Market was founded
Let’s see how the stock market founded. Two hundred years ago in front of Trinity Church in Manhattan a few business men got together to exchange merchandise with each other. At that time the monetary system we know today did not exist. Paper money did not exist - gold and silver coins were used. These unknown businessmen made an agreement amongst themselves that promised a share of the value in ships transporting goods from abroad. This was the beginning of a new trade that eventually lead to the NYSE being born.

Years later during the American Revolution the United States Government needed money. In their effort to raise capital for the war, government bonds were invented. Our forefathers needed money to continue their cause so they asked people to lend money to the Government. The people were issued with a "bond" showing how much they had lent, which paid interest every year. After the term of the bond expired, usually thirty years, the Government repaid the money. These bonds are now known as Treasury Bonds and are sold throughout the world.

Then in 1792 twenty four businessmen gathered together and signed an agreement to do business among themselves. This included selling shares, or part of their companies, to each other. The modern New York Stock Exchange was born.

The industrial revolution brought more prosperity for Wall Street. Everyone was interested in having "a piece of the action". Not all the stocks being sold were of good and reliable companies, and the NYSE would not deal with them. So, these stocks were sold outside of the building - by the curb. At that time these kinds of deals were referred to as “curb treading" - eventually they would become the American Stock Exchange (AMEX).

Today NASDAQ, NYSE and AMEX have been combined. They are located at 60 Wall Street, New York City which is part of lower Manhattan. AMEX is now mostly gone because NYSE Euronext has acquired it.

title: Personal Finance/Assets/Stock


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User talk:JeffL~enwikibooks

Hello JeffL! And welcome to wikibooks. Let me first spam you with the welcoming message :-)

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally.

I hate to bring this up so soon, but one of your recent edits was brought up as a speedy delete. Stanford Shopping Center. Before I take any action, I'd like to know what you plan to make from this book, or whether or not you are just testing wikibook's capabilities. From the looks of it, you seem to want to write a wikipedia article. While I'm not a wikipedian myself, it would seem like that would be a better wiki for what you were trying to do.

So I wish you good luck with your projects here, and hope you have a good time. --Dragontamer 20:39, 12 November 2006 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called JeffL. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name JeffL~enwikibooks that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:16, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 05:04, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:JeffL~enwikibooks


text:
Organic Chemistry/Foundational concepts of organic chemistry/Visualization

Visualization
Visualization is absolutely crucial in organic chemistry. Being able to picture the 3-dimensional structure of a molecule in your head, rotating it around, seeing how it interacts with other molecules; these are really important skills that you need to develop if you want to understand what's really happening in organic chemistry.

Some people are born with this skill naturally, but even if you aren't, like anything else, with practice, you can become better at it. So if this is difficult for you, spend time working on it. Most people willing to put the effort in, before long, have that "Aha!" moment, where they suddenly just get it. Once you "get it", you really don't have to work at it anymore. You'll be able to look at a molecule, regardless of how it's drawn, and you'll just know what it looks like in 3-dimensions.

Many people find models very useful. As mentioned in the foreword of this book, there are places where you can buy molecular model kits and there are sites that offer free online software like Jmol, for moving models around virtually, with your mouse. Take advantage of these kinds of tools, because if you don't understand the 3-dimensional aspects of organic chemistry, you're not going to really understand organic chemistry.

Organic chemists have developed a number of ways for describing molecules. Some of them explicitly show the 3-dimensional structure, some imply it, and some don't show it at all and simply assume that that the reader has enough background to be able to visualize it without aids.

For example, in the figure above, the simplest organic molecule, Methane, is shown rendered in 5 different ways. At the far left, simply the text CH4. This indicates 4 hydrogen atoms attached to a carbon atom. But this doesn't tell you anything about how it looks. An organic chemist doesn't need more information than that. Any organic chemist knows what a methane molecule looks like. However, for more complex molecules, even for the best organic chemists, knowing the components often isn't enough to visualize the structure.

The second drawing provides a little more information. You have the carbon in the center and 4 hydrogens attached to it. This provides a little more information, but it provides no insight into the 3-dimensional structure. This kind of drawing is called a Kekulé structure, after Friedrich August Kekulé, or a line-bond structure.

The third drawing is a very common rendering in organic chemistry, often called dash-wedge notation. The 3-dimensional structure of a methane molecule is that of a tetrahedron. Think of it as a pyramid with a triangle as the base (as opposed to a square base, like the pyramids in Giza). Then picture the hydrogen atoms at the 4 corners of that pyramid, one at each corner of the bottom and one at the point at the top, and finally, the carbon in the very center. The angle between each hydrogen bond in a methane is at what's called a tetrahedral angle, which is 109.5°.

That's what the dash-wedge model is a little better at showing. To picture a molecule in dash-wedge notation, think of the carbon and two hydrogens connected by solid lines (the one on the right and the one below the carbon) as being all in the same plane as the screen (or paper). The solid wedge represents a bond coming out of the screen (or paper) towards us, and the dashed-wedge is that of a bond going away from us.

This common form of rendering will frequently give the reader a good idea of the 3-dimensional structure of a molecules of moderate complexity.

For more complex structures, sometimes 3-dimensional renderings are needed like the 4th and 5th images. For methane, this is a bit overboard, but as the structures start to get more complex, a more complex method of rendering is needed to accurately describe the shape. The 4th image is called a ball and stick model, with the hydrogens represented by white balls and the carbon in the center is represented by a grey ball.

Finally, in the 5th image, called a stick model, forgoes the actual atoms and simply shows the bonds. Color changes represent different atoms. In this case, the grey near the center, represents the carbon and the white on the ends represents hydrogen.

The figure above shows 5 different renderings of the cyclohexane molecule. Cyclohexane consists of a ring of 6 carbon atoms, each with 2 hydrogen atoms attached to them. The hexagon on the left shows the carbons with their 2 hydrogens. Often, however, a cyclohexane is drawn as simply a hexagon, with the carbons and hydrogens simply implied.

The second image shows the ring at an angle, but like the first, gives little insight into the structure beyond the fact that it's cyclic.

The third is a ball and stick figure, much like we saw for methane. As you can see, the carbons are not all flat. This particular conformation of cyclohexane is called the chair configuration. Conformations of cyclohexane will be discussed more later on.

The fourth is a stick figure of cyclohexane, also in the chair conformation.

Finally, we have the filled version of the cyclohexane molecule. The surfaces represent a sort of field around the molecules that represent the boundaries of how close atoms can approach, also called Van der Waals surfaces. This representation isn't used as often as others in organic chemistry.

Summary
As we've seen, there are a variety of ways to represent molecules in organic chemistry. If any one method is most important to learn, it's the dash-wedge notation, as this will be used throughout this and other books when describing the 3-dimensional nature of organic molecules. You should be able to look at it and immediately know which bonds lie in the same plane, which ones are coming towards us and which are going away. Once you're comfortable with that, you'll find that further visualization of more complex molecules becomes much easier.


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User talk:71.53.194.113

Jak II
Hello, and welcome to Wikibooks. Thanks for writing this page. Unfortunately it doesn't conform to some of Wikibooks's guidelines for new pages. However, please do not be disheartened by what may happen to your first page, if indeed it is deleted. Please continue to edit Wikibooks and add pages which conform with the inclusion criteria. For more help, see Help:Contents and to find out what will probably be deleted, see Wikibooks:Deletion policy, and What Wikibooks is not. Thanks --Az1568 22:42, 12 November 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:71.53.194.113


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User talk:192.175.173.94

Thank you for experimenting with Wikibooks by creating the page Essence of programming/At the very beginning. Your test worked, and has been or will soon be removed. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing.--Az1568 22:49, 12 November 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:192.175.173.94


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Operations Strategy/Levels of operations strategy/Fit

Throughout this text, we have been putting operations strategy to test based on the reconcilliation between the operations resources and market requirements. While operations resources and processes are what's comprising of a company's internals, the market requirements are what makes up the shell. To find an alignment between the two is called strategic fit. Let's dive into the aphotic depths of what fit actually is.


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User talk:Sethwoodworth

I got your message, and I am glad to have your help, or any help that we can get. Your project of recording audio books sounds like an admirable one, and I do agree that the Human Physiology book would be a good candidate for such treatment. I have been working on that book, although I haven't had as much time recently to work on it as much as I would like.

If you could read and record that book (or any other book), it is likely that we could host the audio files on the wikimedia download servers (if there weren't more appropriate places for them). Also, if you find errors in the books while reading, you are more then welcome to step in and fix them up as well.

The Human Physiology book was written by a class of nursing students, over the course of a single semester. These students are all hard workers, but are not all necessarily the most fluent of writers, so there is going to be some roughness around the edges. Please let me know if you need anything. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 23:36, 12 November 2006 (UTC)

French textbook import
Hello. A while ago, you mentioned importing content from this French book to Wikibooks. If this is still possible, I'm interested in doing so. Do you know if the linked page is the entire book? If so, could you have some statement on that page making it clear that it is available under a free license, such as CC-by? Thank you for your help. --hagindaz (talk) 22:11, 27 June 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Sethwoodworth


text: Template:Now Commons

title: Template:Now Commons


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User:Adelphy

Information
Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Graphic designer and freelancer. adelphy@yahoo.com

title: User:Adelphy


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Cookbook:Gözleme (Turkish Flatbread)

| Cuisine of Turkey

Gözleme is a savoury traditional Turkish flatbread, made of hand-rolled dough that is lightly brushed with butter and eggs, filled with various toppings, sealed, and cooked over a griddle. The name derives from the Turkish word "göz", meaning "compartment", in reference to the pocket of dough in which the various toppings are sealed and cooked. Traditionally, this is done over a saç griddle.

Fillings for gözleme are numerous and vary by region and personal preference. They include a variety of meats (minced beef, chopped lamb, fresh or smoked seafood, sucuk, pastirma), vegetables (spinach, zucchini, eggplant, leek, chard, various peppers, onion, scallion, shallot, garlic), mushrooms (porcino, chanterelle, truffle), tubers (potatoes, yams, cassava, radish), cheeses (feta, Turkish white cheese, lavaş, kaşar, kaşkaval), eggs, and seasonal herbs and spices.

A modern variation is honey and banana served hot with a slice of lemon.

Ingredients

 * 5¼ cups (600 grams) all-purpose flour
 * 2½ teaspoons (15 grams) salt
 * 2 teaspoons (7 grams) dry yeast
 * 1 teaspoon (4 grams) white granulated sugar
 * 1¼ cups (300 grams) water
 * ½ cup (100 grams) oil
 * ⅓ cup (65 grams) butter

Dough

 * 1) Sift flour in a large bowl, reserving 1 cup of flour.
 * 2) Sprinkle with salt and mix. Make a well in the centre.
 * 3) Combine yeast and sugar in a small bowl. Stir in ¼ cup warm water.
 * 4) Pour the liquid into the well in the centre of the flour.
 * 5) Cover yeast with some flour. Let stand for 10 minutes to rise.
 * 6) Stir in remaining liquid, blending thoroughly. Knead for 5 minutes to form a medium-soft dough.
 * 7) Cover and let rise in a warm place for 1 hour or until doubled in bulk.

Shaping

 * 1) Place dough on lightly floured board. Divide into 10 portions with floured hands.
 * 2) Shape portions into balls; roll each ball out with rolling pin into a 5 mm thick rectangle. Brush with oil.
 * 3) Fold opposite edges over, bringing edges together in centre.
 * 4) Spread filling over half of pastry. Then fold other half over filling, shaping into an oblong.
 * 5) Seal edges well, pressing slightly.

Cooking

 * 1) Heat griddle or a cast iron skillet.
 * 2) Grease with butter and place gözleme on griddle.
 * 3) Brown on both sides.
 * 4) Serve hot with ayran.

title: Cookbook:Gözleme (Turkish Flatbread)


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User:Panic2k4/Sandbox/RapidEdit

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Copyright 101 http://www.ascd.org/authors/ed_lead/el200112_simpson.html

= reset ident

Structure changes

 * Software maintenance
 * Debugging
 * Optimization
 * Refactoring
 * Rewrite

WB:RFA posts (copy of post on WK talk page)
My objection [here]

Your objection (recent) [here], I must point out that I selected the one that you state clearly the viewpoints that I find myself sharing with you.

You logic on the rejection of my objection (and to my view of the need of consensus but this is not the point we are addressing now, I will gladly engage you on that point on the discussion of the proposed decision policy ) is (older that the validation) [here], the flaw or opposing views, as I see it, is you converged on my points to validate an objection but on my objection you chose to ignore it (not the problem on the table now). --Panic 00:39, 15 March 2007 (UTC)

Call your attention also to the comments made by others regarding the validity of my objection. --Panic 00:41, 15 March 2007 (UTC)

So and taking even you objection text like "things have changed" it is clear that the objectives or requirements to get the admin flag are mutable without necessarily affecting those that already have it and even you seem to evolve your personal requirements for an approval vote lets extrapolate this to a change in your views on the restrictiveness on granting an approval (or that a significant number of people that share your views are not present during a vote) it is easy to see that having the admin flag is not a certainty of trust or knowledge. (I could probably be more specific and point you situations were users were granted administrative flags under circumstances that bypassed those presets). --Panic 01:01, 15 March 2007 (UTC)

 * There is a big difference between the two candidates. Az was particularly active, especially in fighting vandals and cleaning up vandalism. The other user was not active in any respect. I dont see these two issues being the same at all, and I didnt reverse myself. We can talk about the other issue about me promoting Az despite your objection if you want, but i am not likely to admit fault on that issue either. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 01:13, 15 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Well I can point one that you should clearly remember, the approval of Darklama (I also voted in opposition first and changed later but not because of trust or based on the users knowledge), but lets take that as example as you are particularly up-to-date on my still pending requests, the user performed several actions against stated policy (page moves, heavy structural changes), just before and after he was granted adminship (even you stated that on the call for comments), this is not to say he does not perform in general a good job or that I wish to have him lose his admin flag, it is just to demonstrate that there are a myriad of facets that should be considered when placing so much faith on a user just because he is an admin, it is incontestable that this specific user performed more good than wrong but admins shouldn't have a special hold on what is or not correct, as I said somewhere else admins are normal users on a specific task. (I'll go more deeply on this on the discussion of the revision for the specific policy)

 * The consensus issue will be raised on the proper policy as I know you don't share my view on the strict use of it.

 * I know that candidates aren't the same but was an opposition (you used the same logic to approve other users), I chose that because its use was similar in the value and content not the target, each user is different.

 * Would you agree that an user can easily bypass the check and balances to get the admin flag then ? Any user could easily reproduce the valid work Az performed (with the same level of interaction with the rest of the community) and be granted the flag that doesn't provide any clue about the level of trust or knowledge or will to be involved on community matters in the long run, that is why I opposed at the time, your logic with the other user is even harder, the user already had the flag but lost it due to inertia (was he less trustworthy or with a lesser degree of knowledge, who can say), but I share your vote on that case (I must point out that I didn't particularly like how the removal of older admin flags was performed but I will also address that later).

 * Can we then agree that even if stated as a requirement trust and knowledge it shouldn't be blindly given to any user just because he has the admin flag ? or better yet only to users that have it ? That is what I was aiming to on that discussion a user should be only judged by performance and actions if he is or is not an admin is a lesser issue, I never wanted to be an administrator not because of the "responsibility" or anything like that just because I had no need to, if you place so much importance on that flag I will consider in 6 moths applying to it (that will be fun). --Panic 01:40, 15 March 2007 (UTC)

 * It is true that what AZ did (and still does a great deal) could be reproduced by other users. However, I think that it's difficult for someone to put that much work into things like vandal fighting and cleanup, etc, and not wanting to get involved with the community as a whole, especially since the point of doing that kind of stuff is to help protect the community from those that would harm it, and to improve it. However, I do understand your argument and to some degree I agree with you, that the newer admins may not have as much experience\community trust as older (not necessarily admin) contributors.

 * That being said, I think that if a contributor can show that he or she really knows the ropes, has shown a true desire to get involved with the community, and would make good use of the admin priveleges, no matter how long the person's actually been around, he or she should be allowed to have it. There has to be some limit of course (that's what the 200 edit thing is for; people who are involved with the community will likely have relatively little difficulty reaching that due to all the different reasons there are for making posts) but I think it's not as clear-cut as you seem to be implying especially with your quoted objection to AZ's adminship nomination. Maybe it would make more sense to use as a guideline the number of edits in namespaces other than the main space, but I digress. Revert me if you don't think it's appropriate for me to talk here but I wanted to keep it all on one page. Mattb112885 (talk) 03:49, 15 March 2007 (UTC).

 * Well, you got more or less the jest of what I was attempting to reason with Whiteknight, note that I'm not in any way diminishing anyones work here, I was addressing the way, or if you will, the special consideration that Whiteknight seems to attribute to the admin flag, nothing more (this is based on talks I have had with him and by several posts I have read here and there, I may be giving to much of attention to this point but it was on topic), administrators it is my view are here voluntarily and to provide a service to all not to archive any kind of special status, in a perfect world all would be granted adminiship or even checkuser rights, so, why not let anyone be an arbiter, if anything breaks no harm can be done to the community and the policy can be reworked later if we bar the access to people at the start without a clear justification we are only empowering the segmentation of what constitutes Wikibooks, the community.
 * As a side note and on the same topic, take for instance this page I had done some work and noticed the edit of Darklama and so did not fallow on what I will say next about this section Help:Administration_FAQ, this kind of information or concept is not only inaccurate but can provide to be dangerous it builds expectations of indeed getting above the others, humans are creatures that are in general driven by very basic instincts or formulate specific goal base decisions, one of the most damaging needs we have is to get above the crowd, known as the ego factor. It should be made clear that administrators aren't a special brotherhood with a secret sign, or right of decision to pass personal judgments, or have special powers, they are simple users like anyone else, granted that they should have some knowledge or have shown interest on the wellbeing of all but lets be fair and admit that this is probably hard to prove and very simple to simulate and ultimately people are people there will always be disagreements and attempts to engrandize oneself, we should attempt to perform above all this but we shouldn't be blind to the facts.
 * In specific to that section, I will let the time pass a little so not to offend or repeat the previous mistake in reverse, it is clear that Admins aren't monitored by the others admins only (Darklama solved only part of the problem), they are monitored by all users, any user can request the pulldown of the administrative flag and any user should (there are no clear policies yet) be able to request administrative actions to be reaccessed or even reverted, by preventing an outside party or non administrators to participate in the decision process if the involved parties agree, is to me just wrong.  --Panic 06:49, 15 March 2007 (UTC)

 * PS: Call you attention to consider expressing again your support Staff_lounge/Technical_Chat, txs --Panic 07:47, 15 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Administrators must satisfy a vague set of requirements on activity, as well as satisfy vague requirements on their trust and knowledgability. Once those conditions are satisfied (and what it takes to satisfy them does change with time), that user is still subject to a vote of their peers as to whether or not to get adminship. Admins are just like ordinary users, and they are treated as ordinary in all discussions and votes. No special attention is paid to admins because of the flag. However, admins have been voted into a position of trust by the community, and that is a milestone that should not be ignored completely. I don't believe that people who aren't qualified to be admins should serve as arbiters, or bureaucrats, or checkusers. You may see these as all different issues, but I see them as the same: You must first prove that you are trusted (through an admin vote) before you can move on to higher levels of responsibility in the community.
 * In the USA, for instance, any person is entitled to run for president. In practice, however, the only people with a good chance of winning are state governors and US Senators. To the public, people who have already passed the hurdle to become a senator or govenor have less to prove of themselves then a non-politician does. I am not trying to draw a direct parallel, because adminship is not a position of power or control in the same way that presidency is. The point remains: Before moving to a higher rank (or a higher position of responsibility), you should first prove yourself by attaining a lower rank. In other words, you have to work your way up the ladder.
 * In response to your comments about Darklama, you need to keep in mind that the Decision making guideline is very vague about these kinds of points, and my comments on Darklama's additions served more as a personal interpretation of that guideline. In actuality, Darklama's edits were protected by the 'Be Bold directive, and it's only after your complaints are lodged that the decision making process begins. Should he likely have discussed changes with you before making them? Yes. Was he required to ask you before he made those changes? No. If you read the text of these policies and guidelines carefully, Darklama was perfectly in accordance with the edits that he made. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 13:18, 15 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Ok this is my last post on the subject with you because I can't believe you are seriously defending you point or that this will lead anywhere.
 * How can you so adamantly defend the validity of the vote for adminiship if you consider the number of users we have on wikibooks (heck, consider only half or a third) and the average number of votes that can give one the flag (7 max) and on top of that there is no compliance with the consensus rule, you can only be joking about it or do you really believe that those votes represent the community ?
 * I have proven several weaknesses to the identity of users, shown that a user can easily bypass the checks and balances, show that consensus is not fallowed, I believe if so inclined a few users that get admitted as administrators can remove the administrative flags of most of the older (a good enough proposal and good timing is all it's needed) and virtually control wikibooks, can't you see that if we start centralizing and empowering a segment of the community over the rest we risk such events or even if not started with that express intention such patterns of behavior can emerge.
 * This is why I place so much importance on the strict use of consensus.
 * I was not discussing Darklama I was commenting on past events and your own comments at the time, but again if we fallow consensus the status quo is maintained, that is all I was asking at the time and still require in several of the changes I initiated dialog and requested the user to give a validity to, the BEBOLD expressly states a limitation to that right and extends into how carefully it should be used, in that particular case Darklama was aware that I didn't agree with several changes he made when I was blocked. Move of pages go above simple edits, no policy, not even BEBOLD can be used to validate the moving of pages from an active book (where someone is working) without discussion. --Panic 17:46, 15 March 2007 (UTC)

 * I think you're not assuming the good faith of the administrators, Panic; I know you may have some bitterness towards them but most of them started with a clean plate before making their own decisions, they weren't trying to "control wikibooks", and they're still not. It just so happens that most of the users on Wikibooks prefer to focus on content rather than doing things like voting on policy and on adminship, and that most of those users that are active in policy happen to be administrators (partly for that reason; as you pointed out, there have been failed rFas due to insufficient community involvement and knowledge of policy). No, the policy is not exact on what they mean by "having enough involvement", this is left open for a reason and that's to allow flexibility for each new rFa that's out there. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Mattb112285 (talk • contribs).

 * I assume good faith dealing with any person as a rule, not only on wikibooks, but trust and respect is earned and can be lost and levels of both are not fixed or generalized, one has trust and respect for friends and parents but they are no equal, they depend on actions and perception, actions can be simulated and the last one can be fabricated.
 * Several events have indeed left a scar, reading things like this [here] (random example) and watching intentional misrepresentation of facts have indeed eroded my level of faith on some administrators and that "group" of users in general. But as I have said people are people and each user is unique.  --Panic 01:15, 16 March 2007 (UTC)

 * The community is small, and that's why a relatively large portion of the community appears to be admins, and also why admins can be elected with relatively few votes. You haven't "proven" any weaknesses in the identities of users, nor the falliability of admins, nor in the abuse of consensus. You have given your opinions on the matters, and I have disagreed. Also, there is plenty of accordance with the concensus rule. Concensus does not now and has not ever required 100% agreement. Furthermore, Be Bold enables users to act without gaining concensus (barring argument, of course), and Decision making is only a guideline, not a policy (I wanted it to be a policy, but the community decided to have more flexibility in the matter). 1 arbitrary disagreement among 7 strong support votes cannot and will not stop a measure from passing. I heard your objection, and I acknowledged it, but as the acting Bureaucrat I didn't believe that your objection was enough to stop Az's promotion. In that case, adequate consensus was achieved, and I stand by my decision 100%. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 00:45, 16 March 2007 (UTC)

 * weaknesses in the identities of users - If I was so inclined I would get a user approved as admin just to show that it can easily be done.
 * falliability of admins - both SB Jhonny and Darklama have failed on admin taks, I don't intend to rehash the subject but you own words admited to errors, errors anyone can commit but should be strongly avoided by admins nonetheless.
 * abuse of consensus - I don't agree with you definition of consensus nor how you have used the word, 7 to 1 is not consensus it's a vote by majority, I have addressed those on my essay. --Panic 01:15, 16 March 2007 (UTC)

 * You could certainly try to do this, I am highly doubtful that you would succeed. Plus, if you could "pretend" to be worthy of being an admin for a while, it would certainly raise questions as to why you have't been worthy of the honor on your primary account. At this point, additional sockpuppets, if they were discovered, would likely lead to you being blocked again.
 * Your frequent insults of both SBJohnny and Darklama are annoying. In admin tasks, I dont believe that either have made any mistakes. Admins are empowered to use their best judgement, and both SBJohnny and Darklama have used their best judgement in handling situations. That you have an issue with either of these admins is to be expected, but it isn't proof of wrongdoing. If you dont like them, nominate them for removal.
 * 7 people with good reasons, and 1 person with bad reasons is concensus. In concensus, the quality of the argument is more important then the quantity of the arguments. Numerically, the vote could have been 3-5, but if the 3 had better arguments, the vote would have passed. I did not view your argument as being of particularly high quality, and I made a note of that. You would do well to read the full text of Decision making so that you understand exactly what we mean by the word "consensus". How we have defined that word may be different from the way your dictionary might define it. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 01:23, 16 March 2007 (UTC)

 * I never tried or worked with that as a target, even if I did perform regular admin tasks, fighting vandalization of pages etc.., but will try it in 6 moths, and one of the points that we diverge is that I don't consider the task to be an honor but a vocation and a different way of contributing to the project nothing more.
 * I don't regard it as insults, SBJohnny acknowledged as much and you own assessment of some actions of Darklama also address some failings (do you need the links to the relevant subjects?), I also have acknowledged my errors. I'm not ashamed of addressing them also. I state again that I don't want to nominate them for removal of the admin flag but I will use even my own errors to demonstrate some view points and try to make committing them again harder.
 * Again, this point will not be solved as you are irredeemable on you view point, but you make a god point against your own definition, so you now have the sole hold on accessing the quality of votes or if they should count, funny that one, well this is why I stopped voting on the RFA. And will fight to show the community the fragility of using your definition. --Panic 01:50, 16 March 2007 (UTC)

 * We have 3 bureaucrats precisely so that I dont have unilateral control over RFA votes. According to the decision making guideline, "votes" (and that really is an inappropriate word) are measured by their quality. This is a necessary safeguard against sockpuppetry, and it also helps to distinguish between people who are non-committal, and people who are passionate about a particular option. As a final note, it isn't "my definition", it is "Everybody's definition except yours". You seem to be the only person who doesnt understand or doesnt agree with the decision making policy, so don't single me out as being some kind of evil perpetrator of a bad definition. Since this is my talk page, and since i am tired of these acusations, I am likely to delete any further references to that effect on sight. Read the guideline, all the details are spelled out. You are always welcome to propose a change to the guideline, I would be surprised if it got much support. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 02:05, 16 March 2007 (UTC)

title: User:Panic2k4/Sandbox/RapidEdit


text:
WordPerfect/WordPerfect 12

This module describes the differences between WordPerfect 12's 'normal' new operating mode and its Classic Mode, which emulates WordPerfect 5.1.

Abbreviations in this module:

 * WP 5.1: WordPerfect 5.1 DOS, not the Microsoft Windows version
 * WP 12: WordPerfect 12 Windows

General impression of the Classic Mode
Much in the Classic Mode is not like the real thing, WP 5.1. For example Shift-F1 does not evoke the normal WP 5.1, but the WP 12 menu. So you have to know that you have to choose Customize to change the keyboard (template) setting. In WP 5.1 you could choose the Keyboard template directly. Also Ctrl-F8 evokes the WP 12 Font menu. F2 evokes the WP 12 Find and replace menu. And of course pressing F2 to start searching doesn't work, you have to press Enter to start searching. And there are many more of such differences. Very shameful is that pressing F3 does not evoke the normal WP 5.1 Help where you would get help about a function by pressing the key combination under which that function was.

A note about how we write about function keys here
We've chosen to give the function keys names ourself, those are often a compromise between their WP 5.1 name and their function in WP 12.

Key combinations with F1
F1 (Undelete) has clearly not been debugged. The menu is familiar: "Undelete: 1 Restore 2 Previous Deletion". But what the menu options do are definitely WP 12 functions and not what the menu should do as being part of the Classic Mode. Restore is the same as Undo, still quite similar to WP 5.1 but former WP 5.1 users who used deleting and restoring text to cut and copy text will find that is not working in the Classic Mode. The Previous Deletion option works as WP 12's Redo. It is not bad to have WP 12's Undo and Redo but it would be nice if this was written correctly in the menu. And it is definitely not WP 5.1 style.

Shift-F1 (Settings) is really a turnoff for the real WP 5.1 fan. It invokes the WP 12 Settings menu which is completely different. Features are arranged completely differently and some vital WP 5.1 features are missing. For example adjusting the display colors is impossible. So if you want white letters on a black background for maximum contrast that is not possible. Of course artistic display color settings like blue for bold, yellow for underline and the mix of the two colors, green for bold and underline are not possible, but that is not an omission in the Settings menu but something that is impossible in the Classic Mode. (Although of course this could be done with complicated macro's, but that is not the topic of this article.) Another unlucky thing is Settings (Shift-F1), Customize, Keyboard. In the WPDOS 5.1 keyboard a lot of keys have assigned to them Feature 34288. Not really very clear in case you are really used to the WP 5.1 function keys and want to assign for example to Ctrl-Shift-F3 the PerfectExpert because F3 is the ordinary Help. Also unlucky is the order of Shift, Ctrl and Alt. Between just Ctrl and just Alt there's Ctrl-Shift, not really good to get an overlook of the key combinations that were used in WP 5.1.

Ctrl-F1 (Command) is handy. In WP 5.1 you get a menu with the choices DOS prompt, DOS command and possibly Copy to WP Shell Clipboard. Copy to WP Shell Clipboard is obviously an obsolete and unneeded command in a Windows program. have to press a key to get a DOS prompt or a DOS command. In WP 12 Classic mode it directly opens a command window (MS-DOS prompt) where you can execute more commands or just one if you prefer so.

Key combinations with F2
F2 (Find&Replace) evokes unfortunately the WP 12 Find and replace menu, and of course pressing F2 to start searching doesn't work in that menu. You have to press Enter to start searching. But there is another disadvantage that is more serious. Pressing function keys to insert codes does not work, you have to select each code in a list in the menu Match, Codes where you can type in the code to select from the list. But what a small group of people will also miss is that it is not possible anymore to use a one character wildcard in a search. This was done with Ctrl-X in WP 5.1.

Shift-F2 (Search Backwards) unfortunately doesn't work. This has a logical explanation. It is impossible to type in the Find and Replace when the focus is on the Find Prev button.

Key combinations with F3
Very shameful is that pressing F3 (Help) does not evoke the normal WP 5.1 Help where you would get help about a function by pressing the key combination under which that function was. You get the ordinary Windows help. Moreover pressing a letter to get help about a subject starting with that letter is not possible. (You would retype the letter one or more times to page down through the list of help topics.)

Ctrl-F3 (Window/Lines) seems to work excellently and invokes a classic WP 5.1 Ctrl-F3 menu. But a weird thing is that the menu has an option WP Info, an option that is not in the WP 5.1 menu. But what people that make readme.txt files that have to be read in older versions of Notepad will possibly regret is that it is only possible to draw graphical lines. This is something that is missing in the Classic mode, line drawing for use in a fixed width character font for readme.txt files. Note that in later Windows versions also proportional fonts can be used in Notepad to display the text, and the default font is a proportional font. So for readme.txt files for later Windows versions drawing lines with asterisks or similar character has no use, unless you want to impress the users of your program with what you can do in Notepad. If they switch their font to Fixedsys or Courier they can see all your tables made with asterisks and underlining with underline characters (̅).

Alt-F3 (Reveal Codes) is a little bit disappointing again. Well it closes or opens the Reveal codes subwindow but the colors in this window are definitely not the familiar blue screen colors. It is possible to change to colors yourself but it would have been nicer if the change of Workspace to Classic Mode would also change the colors of the Reveal Codes subwindow. Fortunately a powerful WP 12 feature of the Reveal Codes subwindow still works. You can click on a code to edit it and sometimes you can also edit related settings.

Key combinations with F4
F4 (Indent Left) and Shift-F4 (Indent Left&Right) works exactly as you would want it to work.

This is not the case for Ctrl-F4 (Move) which should give you the possibility to Move or Copy a Block but which either gives the menu that you would get in WP 5.1 when no block was selected, or even more confusing gives you a Close window dialog box. This random behaviour is a serious bug. The workaround is clumsy. Use on the menu bar Edit, Cut or Edit, Copy. You will unfortunately have to do that with the mouse. Retrieving of Blocks works fine. Retrieving of tabular columns and rectangles works fine too, but is rather confusing to use as you will have to use the menu bar to cut or copy them.

Alt-F4 (Selection On/Close/Exit) is again a case of something that is not really a bug but that is really clumsy. Pressing Alt-F4 once switches on selection/block, and you can use the arrow keys and other movement keys to select text without having to constantly press Shift like you normally need to do in other Windows programs. But there's nowhere an indicator that says that selection is on, so that is sloppy. And pressing Alt-F4 again has not the effect it should have: selection off. Instead of that it brings up an Exit dialog box. To switch a selection off you need to click anywhere in text, clumsy for users who preferred and didn't need to use the mouse in WP 5.1. For the use of Alt-F4 instead of F7 see F7.

Key combinations with F5
F5 (Open File/List) works as you would expect. It opens the Open File menu dialog. But previewing a file without opening it is not possible, and sometimes that is just what you want, to get a quick impression of a file without leaving the Open File menu.

Shift-F5 (Date/Paragraph) has a bug again. When you choose for Define it works as Date Text. (edited, after experience in COREL WP X3 (13): in the classic menu, Date Text and Define both have D highlighted as their mnemonic character, but 1 and 6 as their respective numeric option number. If 6 is entered, the WPX3 Define paragraph box opens and you can indeed "Define").

Ctrl-F5 (Document In/Out) has the option DOS Text, which gives the following option that some users will really like: Retrieve (CR/LF to [SRt] in HZone). This can even be used to reformat a readme.txt file that has been formatted by line breaks which show up as [HRt] in WP 12. By saving the readme.txt as DOS text and retrieving it you can nearly get all the paragraphs right. The HZone is the hyphenation zone, which actually consists of a left and a right zone. When a line break is in the hyphenation zone in a DOS text WP 12 will recognize that it is not the end of a paragraph but just the end of a line. Of course for that the margins and font size have to be set such that the end of the lines that are full of words are within the hyphenation zone. Use a rather large hyphenation zone, and don't forget that you have to use a fixed width font. In WP 12 only Courier New is available for this.

Alt-F5 (Reference) looks fine. It has a lot of the legacy menu's that all bring you finally to the appropriate WP 12 menu.

Key combinations with F6
F6 (Bold) works for switching on and of Bold when no selection is on. When F6 used to make a selection Bold it is not working, it has no effect. Another bug unfortunately.

Shift-F6 (Center) works fine.

Ctrl-F6 (Special Tab) doesn't work that easy as in WP 5.1 but offers the new possibilities of WP 12.

Alt-F6 (Flush Right) works fine and produces a [Hd Flush Right] code that only flushes right one line, which is exactly what it should do. Funny is that it is still possible to make text overlap, but someone has to be really clumsy too do that, so we don't consider this a bug. You don't need to shield your user of every little mistake he could make, especially not if he has the powerful tool of Reveal Codes to correct any silly mistakes.

Key combinations with F7
Very importantly, F7 (Close/Exit) does not work most of the time to close windows. But you can use Alt-F4 (Close/Exit) instead of F7. The fact that F7 doesn't work most of the time is clearly a serious bug. As for allowing the use of Alt-F4 instead of F7 we think this is a good thing. It is definitely not WP 5.1 like but if both F7 and Alt-F4 would have worked it would have been more user friendly for most users than with just F7 working for Close/Exit. Often F7, when it works, and also Alt-F4 invoke a Close document dialog box when closing the last menu, which is clearly another bug.

Shift-F7 (Print) works fine.

Ctrl-F7 (Foot/Endnote) has a lot of legacy menu's and looks fine.

Alt-F7 has a lot of legacy menu's. And for making Tables you even get the WP 5.1 prompts "Number of Columns:" and "Number of Rows:", really legacy WP 5.1 style! Math doesn't work like in WP 5.1 in a table made with tabs. It only works in a table and it evokes the formula bar in that case.

Key combinations with F8
F8 (Underline) works fine for switching on and off underline without selection switched on. When F8 is used to underline a selection it does not work, but turns the selection off. Another bug unfortunately. F8 can of course be used as a workaround key to turn a selection off with the keyboard which is not possible otherwise.

Shift-F8 (Format) is really a delight for the WP 5.1 fan. It is only a shame it doesn't evoke a full screen menu but apart from that the menu structure is the one you know from WP 5.1.

Ctrl-F8 (Font) evokes the WP 12 Font menu. That menu is about as efficient as the WP 5.1 menu's but it is not legacy WP 5.1. Ctrl-F8 has unfortunately also a problem, when it is used when a selection is active. When a selection is active you get Page Setup, and not the Font menu window. This is a serious bug and there is more than one workaround, but they are all clumsy.

Alt-F8 (Styles) evokes the WP 12 Styles menu.

Key combinations with F9
F9 (ENDFIELD) works exactly as it should work and inserts the merge code ENDFIELD.

Shift-F9 (Merge) evokes the WP 12 Merge dialog. This dialog is a little bit clearer than the prompts of WP 5.1.

Ctrl-F9 (Merge/Sort) gives the user the choice between Merge and Sort and brings you to Windows menu. The option Convert Old Merge Codes has been added to make the menu familiar but only brings up a pop-up window saying it is an obsolete command which perfectly makes sense.

Key combinations with F10
F10 (Save As), Shift-F10 (Open File), Ctrl-F10 (Record Macro) and Alt-F10 (Play Macro) all evoke the right WP 12 dialog box.

Key combinations with F11
F11 (Reveal Codes) works fine. Shift-F11, Ctrl-F11 and Alt-F11 should have had no function but give Italics, Large and Very Large. Not WP 5.1 but definitely not a problem.

Key combinations with F12
F12 (Selection/Block) has the same problem as Alt-F4 (Selection/Block). See Alt-F4 for more details.

Shift-F12, Ctrl-F12 and Alt-F12 have no effect just as they shouldn't have.

Key combinations with edit keys
Home doesn't work like it should work. In WP 5.1 it is a "prefix" key to tell WP 5.1 how far you want to move. In WP 12 Classic Mode it just works like in WP 12 WordPerfect mode, the ordinary Workspace. This is really a turnoff. It is possible to get in front of any codes with Home and Ctrl-Home. Just press the key(s) twice. In WP 5.1 you'd have to press Home three times for that. It works, but really is not WP 5.1 style.

End of course doesn't work as it should work either. End brings you to the end of the line like in WP 5.1. But Ctrl-End brings you to the end of the text, and doesn't delete the part of the line right to the cursor.

Del really doesn't work like it should work. When a selection is on Del deletes the whole selection without asking "Delete selection?". But worse is that when you would delete a code and just want to go on deleting text only you have to press reply No to each window asking you whether you want to delete that code. In WP 5.1 pressing Del again would be seen as no by WP 5.1. Much more clever.

Ins works the same as in WP 5.1. PgUp and PgDn are also like in windows. They don't bring you a page up and a page down but a screen up and a screen down.

Other key combinations with Shift, Ctrl and Alt
Shift- makes a selection just like in windows. And pressing an edit key deactivates the selection like in windows. The fact you can use the traditional WP 5.1 way to make a selection and use the windows way might seem an advantage, but it is quite confusing because Ctrl-C and Ctrl-V don't work. The weird thing is that Ctrl-X works normally. It was clearly not well thought of how this works. Together with the bug in Ctrl-F4 (Move) this is really clumsy.

A lot of the Ctrl- combinations have functions assigned to them and some evoke the macro ctrl .wcm. This is again a weird choice Corel has made. In case you want to make a macro you would have to find out what letters are used and what are not. Moreover in WordPerfect 5.1 most Ctrl- combinations where unused by most users (you could use them as merge commands but there were easier ways to insert merge commands). What is really a shame is that Ctrl-V doesn't work for combining to characters in a special one. Only a small group of people will miss Ctrl-X for inserting a wild-card character when searching, that stands for one random character. HOWEVER, you can write a simple macro for Ctrl-V using the (WPCharactersDlg ) command in the macro editor (Ctrl-m), which brings up the window of symbols, and you can then compose (e.g. acute accent by typing ',e) and press enter. It's a tiny bit slower. ANYWAY, regular wordperfect mode in Windows versions just uses ctrl-W to produce the same result and always has done so.

Display colors
Yet to be written.

Menu bar
Really weird is that there is no WP 5.1 menu bar. It is not that hard to make a menu bar with the WP 5.1 menus and menu options left and at the top, and to add to the bottom and to the right WP 12 menus and menu options. Of course it is not that hard to make it yourself but it should have been included.

Application Bar
The Application Bar could have been better. We have to admit it is not that important and the bottom line of the screen of WP 5.1, the WP 5.1 Application Bar was not perfect. But the way the Application Bar is in the Classic Mode really misses the style of the WP 5.1 Application Bar. That not the full name and path is in the Application Bar seems a wise decision. But the icon for the shadow cursor should have been written in full, as should have other icons have been written in full, to make the Application Bar less distracting by a lot of funny icons.

Conclusion about the Classic Mode
The conclusion may still change depending on our findings.

The Classic Mode is not at all a bad compromise between the WP 5.1 user interface and the WP 12 user interface. But a lot could be improved without making the user experience for both the more WP 5.1 oriented users as the WP 12 oriented users any worse. For most die hard WP 5.1 lovers the differences between the Classic Mode and the real WP 5.1 in my opinion are just too great. Even by tweaking a lot of settings other than just switching to Classic Mode the difference between the Classic Mode and WP 5.1 are large. There's clearly room for Corel to improve the Classic Mode, although for a group of users it will be a wonderful working Mode.

title: WordPerfect/WordPerfect 12


text:
User talk:203.102.177.167

Regarding the page Raising Chickens/Death, please stop. If you continue to vandalize pages, you will be blocked from editing Wikibooks. Az1568 01:32, 13 November 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:203.102.177.167