text:
User:Whiteknight/Visual Book Designer

Visual Book Designer Use the outlining tool below to create a new book. Click the book title to rename it. Click Subpages to add new pages to the book. Click Headings to add page headings. You must install User:Whiteknight/designer.js to interact with this element. Installation instructions located at User:Whiteknight/Book Designer Gadget.

Known Issues

 * All: Opening two or more edit windows may cause problems because div id's won't be unique and some function calls will fail.

Feedback
Do you have some feedback, feature requests, suggestions, or questions? Let me know at my talk page.

Updating Gadget

 * For Admins: To update this gadget to the most recent version add the following code to MediaWiki:Gadget-wkdesigner.js:

About This Gadget
This gadget is designed to be a high-level, user-friendly way to automate the process of creating a new book here on Wikibooks. This gadget, the Visual Book Designer, works like a regular outlining tool. For each point in the outline, you have the option to add subpoints (subpages or page headings), or to modify the point (rename, delete, etc). When the gadget page loads, you should see something similar to this:

This looks like a lot of options! Creating a book does require an author to make many decisions, although luckily a lot of decisions have default values that you don't need to change. The sections below will discuss these options and how they can be used to shape your new book. You should feel free to experiment with this tool, in addition to reading this documentation. However, you should be careful because some buttons can have consequences. Some parts of this tool will open an edit window where you are able to save changes to pages elsewhere in the wiki.

'''Warning: This tool allows you to make edits to other pages in the wiki without first viewing those pages. Do not save page changes if you are not sure you want to create a new page or possibly overwrite an existing page. Abusing this tool is no different from abusing the edit function on any other page, and will be taken very seriously.'''

Note on Terminology
Outlines are shaped like "trees" from computer science fields, or "graphs" from mathematics fields. Each page or heading in the outline is a point called a "node". A node has a single "parent", and multiple "children". For a page node, the children can be headings or subpages of that page.

The top node, the node that has children but no parent, is called the "root node". In terms of books, the root node is the main page of the book, the table of contents. Children nodes of the root node are the pages and headings that appear on the table of contents.

Naming your Book
Naming or renaming your book is very easy. In fact, renaming any page or heading is easy too: Click on the page title to open an edit box. Enter the new name and click. If you want to delete the page instead, click instead. You cannot delete the book itself, but you can click Clear to delete your entire outline and start over from scratch.

Templates Menu
The Templates menu gives the option to create and specify templates for categorization and navigation.

Provided with this gadget are a list of 5 pre-made navigation templates. These templates are very simple and plain, but they are effective and customizable. They provide a good starting point for your book, and from there you can get more creative once your book has been created. You don't need to use these premade templates in your book, but it's one less thing to worry about up front. This is a wiki, so things can always change later as your book evolves.

Select a template from the drop-down box and click. This will open an edit window where you can view and possibly modify the template text before you save it. Clicking, like usual, will save this text and create your new template. For more documentation about these templates and how they are used, see Whiteknight's Book Foundry page.

My Book
 * Simple Header:

← Page 1 —  My Book  —Page 3 →
 * Header with forward/back links:

 My Book  Page 1 - Page 1 - Page 1 - Page 1 - Resources - Licensing - Discuss
 * Page List Header:

← Page 1 —  My Book  — Page 3 → Page 1 - Page 1 - Page 1 - Page 1 - Resources - Licensing - Discuss
 * Page list header with forward/back links:

In addition to these header templates you can specify the book's reading level and select categories that the book is in, for organization.

File Menu
The file menu gives a number of options for loading in pre-made books in a number of formats, and saving your outline into a number of formats.
 * Outlines: If you are working on your outline actively and it is incomplete, but you need to save it for later, you can save the outline to a page in your user namespace. In the file menu on the line marked "Saved Outlines", you can Save your current outline or Load a previously saved outline. Saved outlines will come with a link you can click to open the editor and load the outline in again.
 * Saved outlines are not perfect, they do not reproduce most configured options and they are not guaranteed to reproduce your outline perfectly.

 * Collections: You can load an outline from a personal or public collection page, or you can create a new collection page from an existing outline. Click Save to create a saved collection page, and click Load to load an outline from an existing collection page. Collections can be personal (in your user namespace) or they can be public (at Collections).
 * Existing Books: You can load the TOC from an existing book into the gadget for manipulation. Once you have an outline you can use the wikitext options on each page, or you can click Create to active the book creation automator. The automator will create all the pages in your book automatically, using the structure and text in the outline.
 * Only administrators can use the Create feature. This is for testing purposes now, and may be opened up to a wider audience of editors later.

 * Print Versions:Print versions are deprecated now that we have collections. However, you can still create them if you want. Click Save to create a new print version for an existing book from the outline, and click View to see the wikitext without opening an editor.

Notice that this tool can be used for more then just creating new books. Using the Load TOC feature, existing books can be loaded into the gadget and then used to create collections and print versions for the book.

Options Menu
The options menu gives you control over a number of options about the book.

inherit page text by default
 * collapse nodes by default: When you create nodes, they start collapsed by default. This means you have to open them to see subpages and headings.
 * add a resources page by default: Automatically create a page named "Resources" in the book, even if it's not in the outline.
 * add a licensing page by default: Automatically create a page named "Licensing" in the book, even if it's not in the outline.
 * add an introduction page by default: Automatically create a page named "Introduction" in the book, even if it's not in the outline.
 * add Collections Preface to Collections by default: When saving a collection, add the page Collections Preface to it.
 * use page comments to create talk pages: NOT USED. I haven't implemented this behavior, so it doesnt do anything.
 * make edits in an external tab or window: When checked, all editors will open in an external tab or window. If unchecked, editors will be created inline in the gadget.

Clear Outline
Clears the outline so you can start fresh. If you have something that you want to keep in the gadget, make sure you save it first before you clear the outline. Once cleared, there is no way to undo or go back.

Page Menus
Pages are the fundamental part of any book. Each page in your outline has a number of options.

Creating Page Headings
Each page may contain headings to break up content into smaller blocks. To create a new heading on your page, click the [ + ] link next to the word "headings". This will create a new heading in the outline with a default name that you can change later. If you would like to create multiple headings at once, you can click the word headings to open an edit box. Enter the names of all the headings you want to add in the box, one per line, and click.

Creating Subpages
Creating subpages is the same as creating page headings. Click the [ + ] link to create a new subpage in the outline. Click Subpages to open an edit box where you ca enter the names of subpages, one per line, and then click.

Viewing Wikitext
To view the wikitext of a page, click the Wikitext link. This will display the wikitext for the current page for review.

Editing and Saving
If you like what the wikitext looks like, you can actually create the page using the Edit link. This will open an edit window preloaded with the text of the page. Review and possibly preview the text, and then click to save the page.

Text and Comments
Under each page and heading node there are two lines of text, "Click here to edit page text", and "Click here to edit comments". Clicking on either of these two lines will open an edit box where you can edit the text of the page directly, or where you can post comments.

The page text is the text that will actually appear on the page when it is edited and saved. If the "inherit?" checkbox is checked, the page will also include text from it's parent page too. This is a good way to add basic text to all pages, or all subpages of a given page at once. Keep in mind that this is not intended to used for creating the complete text of a page. This editor is simply not robust enough for large-scale text and collaborative editing. What it does do, however, is allow you to create some basic stub text to get the page started. Once the page is created on the wiki, you and other editors will be able to edit and expand the pages as normal.

Comments are notes which are visible in the outline, but which do not appear in the book when you create it. Comments are used to help you, the author, stay organized while outlining. At any time, you can click the text or the comments to edit them again.

Loading an Outline
You can load a previously-saved outline at any time, when you want to continue working on it. Click the load link to open a text box where you can enter the name of the page to load the outline from. Once you have entered the name, click to load the outline into the gadget automatically. if the load operation fails for any reason, nothing will be loaded and an error message will be displayed.

On an outline page, you will see a message similar to the following:

Clicking the "Edit This Outline In The Gadget" link will open the Visual Book Designer and automatically load that outline.

Version History

 * 3.73 Refactored handling of "Loading..." messages
 * 3.72 Some simple refactoring, and improved rendering of subpage text
 * 3.71 Add basic ability to load from collections pages
 * 3.70 All edit functions in core now take either a text string or a filter function. Refactored core to be consistent about handling nodes. Added external editor option. Refactored editor code.
 * 3.68 Add "[ + ]" links to create a new subpage or heading without an edit box.
 * 3.67 Refactor Options menu
 * 3.66 Added Options menu. Made Introduction, Resources, and Licensing pages optional
 * 3.65 Fixed detection of existing pages during rename. Added detection of existing pages during automate. Merged print version and file menus, improved file menu. Added deprecation note about print versions.
 * 3.60 Fixed automation, tested in FF
 * 3.53 Fixed wikitext formatting problems in IE7 and Opera
 * 3.52 Added error message if an older version of gadgetscore is used.
 * 3.51 Added timestamp to User:Whiteknight/SavedOutlineStart to tell when the outline was last edited.
 * 3.50 Broke gadget into three separate code files, one for each class.
 * 3.40 Added support for public and private collections, and a few small changes.
 * 3.39 added basic drag&drop (needs debugging)
 * 3.31 Improved some loading messages.
 * 3.30 Added collapse/expand buttons to pages and headings.
 * 3.25 Added ability to load an outline from an existing book.
 * 3.20 Updated "Print Version" menu, condensed "Save" and "Load" into a single "File" menu.
 * 3.11 Added basic "Print Version" capabilities from an outline.
 * 3.10 Added ability to "autoload" an existing outline using a query string
 * 3.01 Added an "HTML" mode, that saves the raw HTML of the outline for later display.
 * 3.00 First official release of this new gadget for public consumption. All important features have been added and tested.

title: User:Whiteknight/Visual Book Designer


text: User talk:212.219.101.41

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:212.219.101.41


text: User talk:212.219.41.140

title: User talk:212.219.41.140


text:
User talk:131.123.184.49

On second thought
You've been here before and know better. You are blocked for three months. --Jomegat (talk) 19:11, 21 April 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:131.123.184.49


text: User talk:78.100.3.3

title: User talk:78.100.3.3


text:
User:Hausmeistah/monobook.js

document.write(' ');

title: User:Hausmeistah/monobook.js


text:
Jeep Liberty/Fluid Capacities & Intervals

Service Schedule
Note: Black - Yes, White - Not required.

*For models with the 45RFE transmissions, the main sump filter needs to be replaced at every service. The spin-on filter will only need to be replaced every 90,000 miles. For models with the 42RLE transmissions, the sump filter will have to be replaced at every service.

Fluid Capacities and Type
*If equipped with Trac-Lok substitute 4oz. (118ml) of gear oil with a friction modifier.


text:
User talk:Kyoko

Welcome to Wikibooks, Kyoko!

title: User talk:Kyoko


text:
User talk:Geke

Welcome to Wikibooks, Geke! – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 23:29, 21 April 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Geke


text:
User talk:Jplbookreviews

Welcome to Wikibooks, Jplbookreviews! – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 23:29, 21 April 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jplbookreviews


text:
User talk:Radialronnie

Welcome to Wikibooks, Radialronnie!

WB:NP
In case you didn't notice, we have a naming policy which helps us keep the project organized - "pages" of a book are created as subpages (Blender 3D: Noob to Pro/Using the sequencer to compile frames into an animation instead of Using the sequencer to compile frames into an animation). Thanks! — Mike.lifeguard | talk 18:33, 17 October 2008 (UTC)

Thanks for the headsup, mike, I see you already fixed it. I'll keep that in mind for any future tutorials. Radialronnie (talk) 17:49, 23 October 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Radialronnie


text: User talk:66.237.95.27

title: User talk:66.237.95.27


text:
User:Whiteknight/SavedOutlineStart

This outline is a saved state for use with Whiteknight's Visual Book Designer gadget. Do not edit the outline on this page directly unless you understand the syntax. Improper editing here could make it impossible to load this outline into the gadget again. Edit This Outline In The Gadget

title: User:Whiteknight/SavedOutlineStart


text:
User:Whiteknight/SavedOutlineEnd

End of outline. Below this point is normal text and can be edited like normal.

title: User:Whiteknight/SavedOutlineEnd


text:
User talk:PunkECW

CM Punk

title: User talk:PunkECW


text:
User:Whiteknight/Testbook

Growing Flowers &this should be page text %This should be a comment =Introduction &This text should appear under the heading "Introduction" %This is an introduction comment ==Welcome! ==Prerequisites ==Educational Objectives ==Further Reading &This text should be under "Wikipedia Pages" %This comment too! =Soil =Seeds =Bulbs
 * Introduction
 * Wikipedia Pages
 * Other Wikibooks
 * External Websites
 * Getting Started
 * Tools
 * Terminology
 * Sand
 * Gravel
 * Clay
 * Loam

title: User:Whiteknight/Testbook


text:
MATLAB Programming/Loglog

Introduction
The loglog command plots both x and y data sets on a log scale while the plot command plots both axes on linear scales and the semilogx/y command plots 1 axis on a linear scale and the other axis on a log scale. Other than the scale of the axes, the 3 plotting commands are identical in most ways.

Basic Usage
The basic usage of the plot, semilogx/y, and loglog command are identical. Below is an example of how a PSD would be plotted

title: MATLAB Programming/Loglog


text:
MATLAB Programming/Semilog

Note that this page is a copy of the ControlTheoryPro.com page on semilogx/y commands.

Introduction
The semilogx or semilogy commands plot data with 1 axis linear and the other axis log scale. The semilogx command plots the data on the x-axis on a log scale. For controls this is particularly useful when manually creating a bode plot.

Bode Plots
The MATLAB bode plot is very convenient but when the plot needs to be formatted then the bode command makes this difficult. As a result this author (Gabe 13:30, 20 April 2008 (CDT)) creates bode plots using the following commands

title: MATLAB Programming/Semilog


text:
User talk:Neocrac

Welcome, Neocrac!

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally.--Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 00:54, 22 April 2008 (UTC)

Math markup
Hi Neocrac,

I was noticing your work in the Algebra book and thought you might like to know about the math markup capabilities of the Wiki software. For instance, you could write:

 * $$\frac{x}{x+1} + \frac{3x}{x+1}$$

This looks a little better than spacing over and using underlines. See Help:Formula for more capabilities. --Jomegat (talk) 01:11, 22 April 2008 (UTC)

1. Natural, Whole and Rational Numbers

 * Did you want to have Intermediate Mathematics deleted? If so, please use . If you ever need help, feel free to ask on my talk page. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 03:28, 22 April 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Neocrac


text: User talk:74.161.40.139

title: User talk:74.161.40.139


text: User talk:24.163.48.157

title: User talk:24.163.48.157


text: User talk:71.209.226.48

title: User talk:71.209.226.48


text: User talk:71.116.38.247

title: User talk:71.116.38.247


text: User talk:70.250.117.169

title: User talk:70.250.117.169


text:
C++ Programming/Code/Standard C Library/Functions/cosh

cosh
The function cosh returns the hyperbolic cosine of arg.

 * Related topics: acos - asin - atan - atan2 - cos - sin - sinh - tan - tanh


text:
C++ Programming/Code/Standard C Library/Functions/sinh

sinh
The function sinh returns the hyperbolic sine of arg.

 * Related topics: acos - asin - atan - atan2 - cos - cosh - sin - tan - tanh


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/ratio

Syntax
RATIO h,v

Description
This statement affects the width and height of shapes subsequently drawn with the CIRCLE statement. By suitably setting the h and v parameters, you can draw ellipses with any aspect ratio. Each of h and v can range in value from -128 to +127. The h parameter affects the width of the ellipse, and the v parameter affects its height. When you subsequently execute a CIRCLE statement with a radius parameter of radius, a circle or ellipse is drawn which has these dimensions: Shape's width = 2 * radius * (1 + h /128) Shape's height = 2 * radius * (1 + v /128) We can notice a few consequences of these formulas: If h and v are equal, a circle is drawn. If h and v are different, an ellipse is drawn. If h > v, the ellipse is wider than it is tall. If v > h, the ellipse is taller than it is wide. Negative values of h or v cause the corresponding dimension to shrink. Positive values cause the corresponding dimension to grow (up to about twice its original size). Specifying RATIO 0,0 "resets" the ratios: subsequent CIRCLE statements will draw a circle with the indicated radius. After you execute a RATIO statement, the indicated h and v values remain in effect for all subsequent CIRCLE statements (in all windows), until another RATIO statement is executed.

title: Futurebasic/Language/Reference/ratio


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/random

Syntax
RANDOM[IZE] [expr]

Description
This statement "seeds" the random number generator: this affects the sequence of values which are subsequently returned by the RND function and the MAYBE function. The numbers returned by RND and MAYBE are not truly random, but follow a "pseudo-random" sequence which is uniquely determined by the seed number. If you use the same seed number on two different occasions, you'll get the same sequence of "random" numbers both times. For example: CLS FOR i = 1 TO 2 RANDOMIZE 325 FOR j = 1 TO 10 PRINT RND(50), NEXT PRINT NEXT The program above seeds the random number generator twice with the same number (325). If you run this program, you'll find that it produces the same sequence of 10 random numbers after each seeding. Seeding the random number generator with a pre-specified number can be useful in cases where you specifically want to produce a repeatable sequence of random numbers. In most cases, however, you will probably prefer a sequence that is unpredictable. In that case, you should omit the expr parameter. When you execute RANDOM without any expr parameter, the system's current time is used to seed the random number generator. Since the system clock changes very quickly, it's essentially impossible to predict what value will be used as the seed-this is the best way to get the "most random" random numbers. Normally, you will execute RANDOM only once in your program, unless you wish to repeat a specific sequence of random numbers. If you don't execute RANDOM at all, the random number generator is seeded with the current tick count. Remember that re-seeding with the same number will cause your program to generate the same sequence of random numbers each time it's run.

title: Futurebasic/Language/Reference/random


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/read

Syntax
READ

Description
This statement reads one or more of the items listed in one or more DATA statements. If you specify var (which must be either a numeric variable or a string variable), the data item's value is stored into var. If you specify PSTR$(addressVar&), the item is interpreted as a string and its address is stored into addressVar& (which must be a long-integer variable or a POINTER variable). Each var or PSTR$ that you specify causes one data item to be read. The first time your program executes a READ statement, the first item in your program's first DATA statement is read. Every time a var or PSTR$ is encountered in any READ statement, the next data item is read, until all items in all your program's DATA statements have been exhausted. The number of var or PSTR$ specifications in a READ statement does not need to match the number of items in a DATA statement; however, the total number of read requests should not exceed the total number of items in all DATA statements (unless you use the RESTORE statement, which allows you to re-use data from previous DATA statements).

Example: DATA 1,2 DATA 3,4 DATA 5,6 FOR i = 1 TO 2 READ a, b, c  PRINT a, b, c NEXT program output: 123 456

title: Futurebasic/Language/Reference/read


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/read pound

Syntax
READ

Description
This statement reads data from the open file or serial port specified by deviceID, and stores the data into the indicated variable(s). You can read the data into record variables (recVar), into numeric variables (numVar) or into string variables (strVar$), or any combination of these. If you specify recVar or numVar, the statement reads a number of bytes equal to the size of the variable, and stores the bytes directly into the variable's location in memory, without doing any data conversion. If you specify strVar$;len, the statement reads len bytes, and stores them into strVar$ as a Pascal string of length len (len can be any numeric expression, but its value should not exceed 255). The read operation begins at the current location of the "file mark," and the file mark is advanced as each item is read. If READ# attempts to read past the end of the file, FB generates an error. Because READ# copies the file's bytes directly into memory without conversion, it's best suited for reading "binary" information, such as that created by the WRITE# statement. To read file data which is formatted as text, it's usually better to use the INPUT# statement. To read an arbitrary number of bytes into a block of memory, use the READ FILE statement.


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/read dynamic

Syntax
READ DYNAMIC

Revised
May, 2001 (Release 5)

Description
Use READ DYNAMIC to read the contents of a dynamic array from a disk file. Before executing this read statement, you must dimension the dynamic array. The following example creates and fills a dynamic array, writes the array to disk, then reads it back into memory. FOR x = 1 TO 100 myAry(x) = x

NEXT OPEN "O",#1,"Dynamic Array Test"

WRITE DYNAMIC #1,myAry

CLOSE #1 KILL DYNAMIC myary

OPEN "I",#1,"Dynamic Array Test"

READ DYNAMIC #1,myAry

CLOSE #1 FOR x = 1 TO 10 PRINT myary(x)

NEXT KILL "Dynamic Array Test"


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/read field

Syntax
READ FIELD

Description
This statement creates a new relocatable block in memory, reads data from the open file or serial port specified by deviceID into the new block, and returns a handle to the block into handleVar, which must be a long-integer variable or a HANDLE variable. The data in the file (or coming in through the serial port) must be in a particular format in order to be read properly. The first 4 bytes (at the current "file mark" position) must be a long integer which indicates the size of the block to create. This should be immediately followed by the data which is to go into the block. This is the format in which the WRITE FIELD statement writes to a file; almost always, the data you read with READ FIELD will have been created using a WRITE FIELD statement.

Note: Your program is responsible for disposing of the handle returned in handleVar when you're finished using the block. You can use a statement such as DEF DISPOSEH or KILL FIELD to do this.


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/read file

Syntax
READ FILE

Description
This statement reads numBytes& bytes from the open file or serial port specified by deviceID (starting at the current "file mark" position), and copies them into memory starting at the address specified by address. This is the fastest way to read large amounts of data from a file; it's also well suited for reading data whose format you may not know in advance.

Example: This program fragment quickly loads an array with the data read from a file. It's assumed that the binary image of the array was previously saved to the file using a statement like WRITE FILE (see the example accompanying the WRITE FILE statement). _

Note: If READ FILE attempts to read past the end of the file (because numBytes& was too large), FB generates an error.


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/rec

Syntax
REC(fileID)

Description
This function returns the record number of the record where the "file mark" is currently located, in the open file specified by fileID. The first record in the file is considered Record #0. To calculate the record number, REC uses the record length that was specified in the OPEN statement when the file was opened. If no record length was specified, a default length of 256 bytes is used. If you specified a record length of "1" when you opened the file, REC returns the file mark's byte position within the file.

Note: To determine the file mark's offset from the beginning of the record, use the LOC function.

title: Futurebasic/Language/Reference/rec


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/record

Syntax
RECORD

Description
This statement sets the "file mark" position, in the open file specified by fileID. The position of the file mark determines the location in the file where the next input or output operation will occur. If you omit the positionInRecord parameter, RECORD places the file mark at the beginning of the record indicated by recordNum (the first record in the file is considered Record #0). If you specify positionInRecord, the file mark is placed at an offset of positionInRecord bytes past the beginning of the indicated record. RECORD uses the record length that was specified in the OPEN statement when the file was opened. If no record length was specified, a default length of 256 bytes is used. If you specified a record length of "1" when you opened the file, you can set the file mark to a particular byte offset from the beginning of the file using a statement like this:   RECORD [#]fileID, byteOffset&

Note: The file mark position is also moved automatically after every input or output operation on the file.

title: Futurebasic/Language/Reference/record


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/register

Syntax
REGISTER(A5)

Description
This function returns the value of the system global variable currentA5. The currentA5 value is a pointer to a location within the memory space allotted for your program; every currently running program has its own individual currentA5 value. currentA5 points to the first byte of your program's application parameters. The memory space immediately preceding the location pointed to by currentA5 contains your program's global variables. See the "Introduction to Memory Management" chapter in Inside Macintosh: Memory for more information. This function is available only for 68K compilation.

title: Futurebasic/Language/Reference/register


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/register on

Syntax
REGISTER ON

REGISTER OFF

Revised
June 2001 (Release 5)

Description
The constant _registerVars is set up by the editor before compilation begins. The constant is zero if register variables are currently turned off and -1 if they are on. You may not change the status of the constant by overriding. It is for information purposes only. These are non-executable statements which affect the way the compiler treats variables which are defined farther down in the program. The REGISTER ON statement instructs the compiler to attempt to use CPU registers to store the values of subsequently-encountered variables. The REGISTER OFF statement instructs the compiler to use addressable memory (RAM) to store the values of all subsequently-encountered variables. These statements are global in scope; they affect all variables that are defined below the statement, whether they're defined in a local function or in the "main" part of your program. Your program can include several REGISTER ON and REGISTER OFF statements, if you wish to exercise finer control over how specific variables are used. If you don't specify either statement, the default condition is determined by how you've set this option in the "Compiler Preferences" dialog. The advantage of using register-based variables is speed. Many operations are faster by orders of magnitude when they use register-based variables. Only 1-byte, 2-byte and 4-byte variables can be stored in CPU registers. There are only a limited number of registers available, so it's possible that not all of your variables will be register-based even if you specify REGISTER ON. When using REGISTER ON, you should define your most frequently used variables first (just below the REGISTER ON); this will increase their chances of being assigned to a CPU register. The advantage of using RAM-based variables is versatility. There are certain operations that can't be performed using register-based variables; in particular, any operation that makes reference to a variable's address must use a RAM-based variable. This includes using expressions like VARPTR(myVar) and @myVar, and passing the variable to certain statements and functions which need to return a value into the variable. The compiler will generate an error if you attempt to use a register-based variable in such situations. Floating Point Registers While the specific set of registers used for most operations is designed to handle whole numbers, there is an additional set of registers on the PPC processor set aside for floating point values. It is important to note that all floating point registers are double precision. There is no advantage to attempting to use a single precision variable. In fact, the conversion to double precision may make it slower. This same feature is true of all math operations. Single precision variables are converted to double precision, the operation is performed, then the variable is converted back to its single precision state. In order to force a float into a register, you must dimension it between the LOCAL and the LOCAL FN statements. The following example shows register and non-register floats in a local function.

LOCAL DIM myRegisterVar# 'in register DIM myVar AS DOUBLE 'in register

LOCAL FN anything DIM myRamFloat# 'not in register DIM notInRegister AS DOUBLE 'not in register REM do anything END FN

Note: You can also use the DIM statement to selectively force certain variables to be RAM-based, even when REGISTER ON is in effect. Here are some items that force variables to be located in RAM:

DIM @var DIM var&;0,hi%,lo% DIM var.8


text:
User talk:Hall0829

Welcome message
Welcome to Wikibooks, Hall0829!

title: User talk:Hall0829


text:
User talk:Buttercrunch1

Welcome message
Welcome to Wikibooks, Buttercrunch1!

title: User talk:Buttercrunch1


text:
User talk:Epocolis

Welcome message
Welcome to Wikibooks, Epocolis!

Mathematics for Caribbean Advance Mathematics
I am requesting this book be deleted. It has no mathematical content at all. You can discuss this in the reading room. NumberTheorist (talk) 03:30, 14 February 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Epocolis


text:
User talk:Flal

Welcome message
Welcome to Wikibooks, Flal!

title: User talk:Flal


text:
User talk:Johnstarbird

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Welcome to Wikibooks, Johnstarbird!

title: User talk:Johnstarbird


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User talk:Jike~enwikibooks

Dice's coefficient (also known as the Dice coefficient) is a similarity measure related to the Jaccard index.

For sets X and Y of keywords used in information retrieval, the coefficient may be defined as:[1]

When taken as a string similarity measure, the coefficient may be calculated for two strings, x and y using bigrams as follows:[2]

where nt is the number of character bigrams found in both strings, nx is the number of bigrams in string x and ny is the number of bigrams in string y. For example, to calculate the similarity between:

night nacht We would find the set of bigrams in each word:

{ni,ig,gh,ht} {na,ac,ch,ht} Each set has 4 elements, and the intersection of these two sets has only one element: ht.

Plugging this into the formula, we calculate, s = (2 * 1) / (4 + 4) = 0.25

See also Jaccard index Levenshtein distance Sørensen similarity index

Notes ^ C. J. van Rijsbergen (1979) ^ Kondrak, G. et al. (2003)

References C. J. van Rijsbergen (1979) Information Retrieval (London: Butterworths) Kondrak, G., Marcu, D. and Knight, K. (2003) "Cognates Can Improve Statistical Translation Models" in Proceedings of HLT-NAACL 2003: Human Language Technology Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 46--48

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title: User talk:Jike~enwikibooks


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User:Angel 67gr

Under construction :)

title: User:Angel 67gr


text: User talk:85.12.73.253

title: User talk:85.12.73.253


text: User talk:67.159.47.42

title: User talk:67.159.47.42


text:
Talk:LaTeX/Internationalization

Micro sign
I couldn't insert the μ (micro) sign into a document ! LaTeX Error: Command \textmu unavailable in encoding T1. (ucs, utf8x, fontenc: T1)

I think, it should be covered the text, how can do it.

I think, the math mode is not elegant.

- Harp

XeLaTex
I think you should mention XeLaTeX which allows one to enter unicode data directly into the document. (scripts.sil.org/xetex). It's bundled with TeX Live and other TeX distributions.

order of babel, fontenc, inputenc commands
The order of these commands is differently stated for different languages. Is the order important at all?
 * It is important if you use utf8: it only loads definitions for characters presents in the fontenc. If you change the inputenc to utf8 before changing the fontenc, only the characters presents in the default one (OT1) will be loaded. So if you use utf8 with, let's say, T1, you should do:

 * I have no idea about the babel package thought…

selectlanguage
selectlanguage seems not to have any effect before \begin{document}. That could be added.

 * It selects the language, but \begin{document} reselects the main language. --80.26.88.176 (discuss) 09:41, 10 September 2018 (UTC)

babel languages
It appears to me that there are more babel languages and synonyms like "latin", "medieval", "portuges" for "portugese", etc. So how about adding a list with supported languages by babel with possible synonyms etc.? -80.133.103.170 (discuss) 07:45, 20 November 2013 (UTC)

babel and Xe/LuaLaTeX
babel can be used with those engines as well. --Johannes Bo (discuss • contribs) 10:16, 18 January 2018 (UTC)

 * Thanks, I'll note that in the chapter when I get the chance later today. Is there a compelling reason to use babel with those engines? My (certainly limited) understanding was that polyglossia handles everything Babel does, except for the encoding issues that the Unicode engines sidestep, and with better OpenType support. Mkline (discuss • contribs) 21:25, 18 January 2018 (UTC)
 * I am a person who switches between engines for one document often, as pdftex still is faster. There is no real reason of using one over the other I think. It should just be noted. -- Johannes Bo (discuss • contribs) 10:19, 19 January 2018 (UTC)

Babel and OpenType
Recent edits suggest that Babel will also activate language-specific OpenType features. Could anybody provide a link to evidence/instructions for doing so? I don't dispute that Babel can be used with fontspec/OTF fonts, but the Polyglossia manual (or at least my reading of it) gives the impression that it alone handles language-specific OTF feature activation.

 * Both polyglossia and babel rely on fontspec. So, font support is essentially the same (although babel provides a higher level interface to ease setting fonts up). --80.26.88.176 (discuss) 09:22, 10 September 2018 (UTC)

569250 2409:896C:52F0:881D:0:0:0:1 (discuss) 09:30, 17 November 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:LaTeX/Internationalization


text: User talk:207.236.174.130

title: User talk:207.236.174.130


text: User talk:194.82.122.79

title: User talk:194.82.122.79


text:
User talk:Zobeidaramirez~enwikibooks

Welcome to Wikibooks, Zobeidaramirez! – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 14:58, 22 April 2008 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Zobeidaramirez~enwikibooks


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User talk:Yangandjiao~enwikibooks

Welcome to Wikibooks, Yangandjiao! – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 14:59, 22 April 2008 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Yangandjiao~enwikibooks


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User:Sking~enwikibooks

Hello, I am a mathematician from the united states. Please feel free to contact me if you have any comments, suggestions, or questions about my work.

title: User:Sking~enwikibooks


text:
User talk:Sking~enwikibooks

Welcome to Wikibooks, Sking! – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 15:09, 22 April 2008 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Sking~enwikibooks


text:
Future Media/Future Media Topics

To receive credit for this assignment, student must LOG IN and then paste research information in this space. Use the code provided to generate large, bold topic text followede by readable content text.

The product I have chosen to write about is Google Docs, which is an online variation of Microsoft Word, Excel, and PowerPoint. The products, Documents and Spreadsheets, were originally created by Upstartly and name Writely and Spreadsheets, which Google bought out in 2005. Google combined both of these products on October 10, 2006. Then they acquired a online presentation software, along with the related technologies, from Tonic Systems, and rolled it into Google Docs on September 17, 2007. This product allows for the online creation and storage of text documents, spreadsheets, and presentations. By doing this, you can retrieve your information from any computer in the world, regardless of operating system. It also allows for you to share documents in real-time with people via the internet, and therefore make collaboration easier.

This product is important, because it is challenging the established leading computer software writer, Microsoft. Google Docs is basically an open-source software package available over the internet. Its competition, OpenOffice which is made by Sun Java Systems, is not as popular, but is just as widely available. The reasons for the popularity of Google Docs is because it is created and promoted by Google, Inc, the easy accessibility to all your documents because they are stored on Google's servers, and they are cross-platform compatible.

Google Docs use as project management is feasible, but only on a small scale because of the limitations built into the software itself. In reality, the only group of people who would find it useful as project management software would be: students, self-employed business owners, and small business owners. When it comes to large companies, or those who have the need for security with their projects, Google Docs is not feasible.

The are several reasons why Google Docs is not feasible to use as project management software. The first reason is security. The only time that any of the Google packages signs in securely, using HTTPS, is at the sign in page, after that the entire site uses normal HTTP for passing information. This would allow for someone, if they knew how to accomplish it, to use a cross-browser attack to compromise Google Docs. For this reason, any project that dealt with confidential information could not use Google Docs. Secondly, Google Docs is not written to handle all possible situations involving a large project. Small projects that only required the use of one or two spreadsheets and a couple of text documents are the most that are feasible by this package. Another reason for not using Google Docs as project management software is because there seems is way to check documents in an out, so in essence edits could be made on the same document at the same time and end up with two completely different documents.

For more information concerning Google Docs, please check out http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_docs.

The WikiBook

First off, let’s look at the history of Wiki’s and the technology behind such an apparent revolution in the cyber world and technological field – especially on the development side of these areas. The word "wiki" comes from a Hawaiian word for "quick". Wikis were invented about 10 years ago by Socialtext advisor and friend Ward Cunningham. However, the creation of the first wiki website only became possible with the development of the hypertext protocol of the WorldWideWeb (1991) and graphical web browsers such as the Netscape Navigator (1994). Wikis became the collaboration tool of choice because they are simple and flexible. Cunningham's first wiki met with immediate success, and quickly spawned "wiki clones," alternative versions of the wiki software. The use of wiki websites was rapidly adopted by communities of free software developers, but at first remained confined to these specialised groups.

The knowledge of Wikis was not widespread known except in the areas of programmers and software developers till up to approximately 2001. The breakthrough that really cast Wikis into the limelight was through the success of the free content encyclopaedia Wikipedia introduced wikis to the general public. After this monumental occurrence in the WorldWideWeb arena, the number of Wiki websites and the varieties of wiki engines (software implementations) increased exponentially. There now exist thousands of wiki websites and hundreds of wiki engines.

A Wiki is a collaboratively-edited website which many people also view as an anarchistic publishing tool. The distinguishing feature of wikis is that they typically allow all users to edit any page, with full freedom to edit, change and delete the work of previous authors. It is used in many different areas of life, and the demand for more and more Wikis has increased over the past few years. Some of the areas that use Wikis are banks, telecommunication companies, small businesses, hospitals, universities, software companies, and many more.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages of Wikis may include: 1.	No need to install HTML authoring tools; minimal training may be needed. 2.	Can help develop a culture of sharing and working together (cf. open source). 3.	Useful for joint working when there are agreed shared goals. 4.	In addition to the text on the page, any type of digital file can be uploaded to and shared by linking to them from the wiki page. 5.	Can be open to the public for viewing and editing, or limited to specific individuals for viewing only or viewing and editing.

Disadvantages of Wikis may include: 1.	There is not (yet) a standard lightweight Wiki markup language. 2.	It may be difficult for Wikis to gain momentum. 3.	The simple design of the wiki and the need to keep formatting simple (so as to enable those unskilled in html to edit pages) limits the complexity of the documents that can be created in a wiki. 4.	Even though nothing can be destroyed in a wiki (as it can be retrieved from the wiki history), the original formatting is lost, meaning that it can be time consuming to recreate what was deleted. 5.	It is not always obvious what has been altered (unless users each agree to use a different colour font, but this requires coordination of effort that can stifle the ease of use of the wiki.

Wikis require shift in thinking about the whole notion of ownership (of what is written). Thus wikis that are open to a wide audience should not be used if author(s) want to retain control and credit for what is created. There may be copyright and other legal issues regarding collaborative content. Important not to use wikis when the exact wording of original content needs to be retained (e.g. not appropriate to post transcript of podcast in a wiki).

Application in Class?

1.	Very easy to create and edit with no understanding of html or web page design. 2.	Efficient method of students sharing and organizing information. 3.	Students can collaborate on assignments without having to meet synchronously. 4.	Avoids having one person assume responsibility for entering each student's contributions into the group paper/project. 5.	Students can build on each other's ideas 6.	Reduces the likelihood of having "free riders" who contribute little if anything to a group project, since the instructor (and other students) can refer to the wiki history, and see exactly what contributions were made by whom. 7.	Also using the page history, instructors can identify which students may be struggling with different concepts as well as which students are assisting those who are struggling. 8.	Students can use wikis for peer editing and peer feedback prior to submitting final assignments. 9.	If a wiki is public it enables students to have their work seen by others and gives them an authentic audience.

Wikis can enable students to receive feedback on their work if users insert comments at relevant places within the document. However, since it is difficult to use the history feature of wikis to compare the revised version with earlier versions, it is best to have students share their work in Microsoft Word and use the "track changes" feature so that the suggestions and changes are embedded in the relevant portions of the document without changing the original content.

Type Your Topic Here
The final project in the Future Media class required the use of a variety of software including After Effects, Live Type, Photoshop, iWeb, and Final Cut Pro. Final Cut Pro being the most used of the bunch. The class had to film themselves reciting a script, which they than brought into Final Cut and added all the attributes that made the videos sparkle. Final Cut gave the class the ability to edit their movies with professional software, without the professional training. Which is the beauty and attraction to this product; it has all the tools needed to edit everything from Christmas at grandma’s house, to a full length feature film. Final Cut Pro came on the scene in the 2000s as Apple’s response to the PC editing software Avid. Avid has been the Hollywood standard for film editing in the past but that standard is now being threatened with the easy usability and cost effective Final Cut. Final Cut has always been preferred for independent film makers but has started grabbing the attention of film industry professionals. Movies such as 300, Jarhead, Letters to Iwo Jima, and Academy Award Nominees Cold Mountain and No Country for Old Men are among the feature films edited with this software. As with the Hollywood editors, some of the tools used by the Future Media class included the razor tool for cutting out unwanted material, the audio settings tool for bring down the music where voice over was prominent, and fading in and out between scenes. The class movies were of course, at a beginning stage compared to the amount of effects Final Cut is actually capable of. What makes this software so popular is that it puts in the hands of beginners what professionals are using to make multi-million dollar films. Not only is it packed full of all a novice film maker could hope for, but it also plays well with other software. Final Cut is compatible with QuickTime and accepts video formats such as DV and MPEG-4. It also is ideal when one is working with Adobe’s product After Effects or Apple’s Live Type, both of which were used in the final project for this class. In keeping up with the trends of media, Final Cut has also been HD compatible since the release of the third version and Apple is currently on Final Cut Pro 6. Apple has also been releasing Final Cut Studio, which includes helpful products such as Compressor, Color, DVD Studio Pro, Soundtrack Pro, and Motion. Each of these products aid in different areas of composing a deceit project; for example, Compressor is used in shrieking file sizes, whereas DVD Studio Pro is used for burning one’s project to a DVD. Soundtrack Pro serves as the audio editing software and Motion as the graphics part of the package. With all of these components being included in one lump sum it’s just another reason the industry should continue to take a more serious look at this product. Though there is still a debate as to whether Final Cut or Avid is better for full length films, one could absolutely say Final Cut is the better choice for beginning film makers. As with most Apple products, Final Cut is user friendly, without sacrificing quality. It provides easy access to powerful editing software that takes the idea from the film makers head and places it on screen. It transforms any class project into something a viewer might actually want to take time to watch, making Final Cut Pro a great solution for beginning film makers and editors.

GarageBand
Part of the iLife suite, you can not buy GarageBand by itself. It comes free on new Macs or for under a hundred dollars Mac users can purchase it outright. GarageBand is an application focused to help the average person create music at an easy level. You can plug in a keyboard or guitar to your computer and mix your own recordings or use one of the many synthesized instruments included with the package. There is no doubt that composing in GarageBand is fun. It allows you to record in real time and you are able to monitor special effects while recording is taking place.

GarageBand layers its structured interface with levels of tracks. It supports drag and drop importing of audio loops from anywhere on your Mac. You can bring in your own loops or choose one of the many pre-made ones that Garageband offers. There are three kinds of tracks offered in Garageband: real instruments, software instruments, or you can import MIDI tracks. Real Instruments are supported by plugging an instrument directly into the computer or using a microphone to record the instrument being played. The other type of track is Software instruments, which are instruments already in the software. The supplied instruments vary from good to excellent. While you get enough to get started, there’s not nearly enough for serious loop composition. However, you can import loops to get more from your mixing. And for those who want a larger collection of sounds GarageBand also offers JamPacks which include more than 2,000 additional Apple Loops, 100+ new Software Instruments, and 100+ additional effect presets.

After creating your music the next big thing is to turn it into a Podcast. Making Podcasts is simple, and can be inter-graded into other applications such as Final Cut Pro and Quick Time Pro. You can easily use all of GarageBand’s synthesizers and effects to spice up your composition and export a Podcast to iTunes to share with family and friends.

Whether your a newbie or a professional working on a short project GarageBand is a wonderful way to start. It makes the job of recording music in real time more fun and easy to use. Things in the music world can get complicated, but Garageband is a refreshing application that is simply built for music making on Macs.

Livetype
By: Carolann Merchant.

The greatest way to get quick, professional looking text graphics is through Apple's Livetype. It allows the user to choose the typeface they want, add a number of animations to the text, and create text entrances and exits to and from the screen. Livetype also offers background graphics, still or animated that compliment its library of text animations. It is an excellent tool that gives movie quality results in the time it would take to watch a movie. The class was introduced to Livetype during the time allotted to the final project. The project, a 30 second to one minute movie over the class, required students to create an introduction with Livetype as the suggested tool. Great results were accomplished in just a short class period supplemented with a brief demonstration by the professor. Most professional animators would choose to use After Effects, some might even use Motion for less sophisticated projects. A project done in After Effects may take several hours depending on its nature, however similar results can be achieved through the simplicity of Livetype. Livetype enables text to glow, fade, zoom, and much more. Effects can be timed and edited by the user who is nearly given full control of the effects due to the elegance of the program and the options available. Effects can even be layered and combined to create original and unique features in any animation. Livetype uses keyframes and a timeline for its editing layout. The functionality keeps the user organized and the eyes focused amidst the potential chaos that comes with editing and animating on a computer screen. It would be an ill advised decision to use Livetype on a professional project that would be running in mainstream culture. Most people in the profession would recognize a basic Livetype animation and this would be considered uncreative, amateur, and low-rate. Livetype is good for the average YouTube user, small projects for school, church, etc... or just for fun!

Type Your Topic Here
Paste your research information here.

title: Future Media/Future Media Topics


text: User talk:24.63.160.139

title: User talk:24.63.160.139


text:
Talk:Control Systems/Signal Flow Diagrams

x2=g1x1-h1x2-h2x3-h6x6 x3=g1x1-g2x2-h3x3 x4=g2x2-g3x3-h4x3 x5=g4x4-h4x6 x6=g5x6


text: User talk:68.119.97.2

title: User talk:68.119.97.2


text: User talk:72.93.176.50

title: User talk:72.93.176.50


text:
Talk:XQuery/SPARQL Tutorial

Examples for someattributelist contains a certain element ?
Fantastic tutorial! Unfortunately, it fails to describe how I might filter records by an attribute list containing a certain element, which is really hard to Google. :(

Could someone add this example, please?

--User:Mcandre

I've reverted the edits by Suresh.V +91 9901848757 because these only add the SQL equivalents and these are already in the wikibook in the original XQuery /SQL comparison module.

However it would be useful to have the the three languages side by side - in fact the other two are already in an XML file used to generate the queries and it would not be too much work to add the sparql to this file so that they could be executed too. Trouble is the site then becomes increasingly dependant on the eXist server.

I've started to edit the sparql queries into the XML file and added a script to execute a named Sparql query.

title: Talk:XQuery/SPARQL Tutorial


text:
User talk:A jtim

Welcome, A jtim!

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 20:42, 22 April 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:A jtim


text:
Blender 3D: Noob to Pro/Every Material Known to Man/Concrete

= E.M.K.T.M. =

Method 1
This is a general concrete texture. It can be used in any sort of situation, and able to be easily applied and altered for most situations, as there are many variations in concrete in the world.

Color Shaders
 * Col: (Change as needed)
 * R- 0.8
 * G- 0.8
 * B- 0.8
 * Spec: (Change as needed)
 * R- 0.8
 * G- 0.8
 * B- 0.8
 * Diffuse Shader:(Lambert)
 * Ref- 0.8
 * Specular Shader:(CookTorr)
 * Spec- 0.2
 * Hard- 10

Texture (F6)
 * Tex: (Musgrave)
 * Input: Multifractal
 * H- 0.7
 * Lacu- 4.0
 * Octs- 2.0
 * iScale- 0.6
 * NoiseSize-(Adjust as needed) 0.1
 * NoiseBasis- Blender Original

Map Input (Note: Adjust SizeX/Y/Z as necessary, try to keep 1:7:1 Ratio) (Adjust Nor based on mesh size, as necessary)
 * TE: MusgraveTex
 * Coord- Orco
 * Map- Cube
 * SizeX- 1.0
 * SizeY- 7.0
 * SizeZ- 1.0
 * Map To:
 * Output- Nor
 * Nor- 1.0

(Note: this tutorial seems to be for an older version of Blender- the Map Input section is not the same as newer versions)

For this texture, try adding an  Image  Texture and add an image of actual concrete. For a large scene, take multiple concrete images and tile them randomly and overlapping in Photoshop, then putting them down on your mesh. This texture is best for shading then a stand-alone material. Also works well with Nodes. Hope this helped!

Concrete


text: User talk:67.8.223.254

title: User talk:67.8.223.254


text:
Solved Question Papers - IIT JEE/MathsQP2005

=Two Mark Questions= Q1. A person goes to office either by car, scooter, bus or train the probabilities for which are 1/7, 3/7, 2/7 and 1/7 respectively. The probabilities that he reaches office late, if he takes car, scooter, bus or train are 2/9, 1/9, 4/9 and 1/9 respectively. Given that he reached office in time, what is the probability that he travelled by a car?

Q2 Find the range of values of t for which $$2\sin t=\frac{1-2x+5x^2}{3x^2-2x-1}$$  Q3 Circles with radii 3,4 and 5 units touch each other externally. Let P be the point of intersection of tangents to these circles at their points of contact. Find the distance of P from the points of contact.

Q4 Find the equation of the plane containing the line 2x – y + z – 3 = 0, 3x + y + z = 5 and at a distance of $$\frac{1}{\sqrt 6}$$ from the point (2,1,–1).

Q5 A function f(x) is such that | f (x1)-f (x2) | < (x1-x2)2 for all real x1 and x2. Find the equation of the tangent to the curve y = f (x) at the point (1,2)

Q6 The total number of runs scored in n matches is given by f (n) (n > 1) and the number of runs scored in the kth match is given by g (k) (1 ≤ k ≤ n). Find the value of n.
 $$f(n)=\left( \frac{n+1}{4} \right) \left(2^\left(n+1\right)-n-2\right) and g(k)=k2^\left(n+1-k\right)$$


text:
User talk:Dz1sfb

Hi Dz1sfb,

Thanks for your contributions to the Drilling & Marching honor. If you have any questions about this project, please do not hesitate to leave a message on my Talk Page. --Jomegat (talk) 21:51, 22 April 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dz1sfb


text: User talk:117.97.14.243

title: User talk:117.97.14.243


text:
Talk:LaTeX/Introducing Procedural Graphics

Rapidity in the Special Theory of Relativity?!?
Can't we think of a better title than this? Perhaps "plotting graphs?"

 * Do you mean Creating Graphics should be renamed Plotting Graphs? If so, well, this chapter is not about plots only. It features any kind of graphics: diagrams, logos, drawings, geometric figures, etc. However I agree a better and more appropriate title would be needed. Ambrevar (discuss • contribs) 15:40, 18 December 2012 (UTC)

 * I changed the name to Introducing Procedural Graphics, hopefully it will be more relevant. --Ambrevar (discuss • contribs) 12:46, 13 January 2013 (UTC)

PGF and TikZ package
The PGF package and its TikZ front-end is another powerful graphics package, usable with LaTeX but also plainTeX, available at:

 * http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/graphics/pgf/

The package has a manual running over 500 pages and is comprehensive.

An PGF and TikZ examples gallery is at

 * http://www.texample.net/tikz/examples/

See also

 * http://www.texample.net/tikz/resources/
 * http://www.tug.org/pracjourn/2007-1/mertz/mertz.pdf

I am posting here a section that I have removed. It could be expanded into useful content; as it stands, it is only a list of links. --Dan Polansky (talk) 19:07, 7 September 2008 (UTC)

Chemical Graphics
This section is slowly growing with more examples of the basic functions of chemfig. Would the section benefit from an image gallery of more complex 2D chemical graphics produced by chemfig? Pmillerrhodes (discuss • contribs) 22:24, 17 January 2011 (UTC)

 * Despite the graphical contant, this chapter has been moved to the Technical Texts part. I hope it fits better there. --Ambrevar (discuss • contribs) 12:46, 13 January 2013 (UTC)

PGFplots
there is a nice tutorial for PGFplots for plotting data at http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/tb31-1/tb97wright-pgfplots.pdf


text:
Talk:Outdoor Survival/Water in the desert

This article really just needs to be deleted, we already have a more thorough one on the same subject. : Mr. Needle (talk)


text: User talk:71.133.120.248

title: User talk:71.133.120.248


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/scroll

Description
This statement scrolls the pixels in the rectangle, by a horizontal distance of   and a vertical distance of  , in the current output window. Positive values of  scroll to the right; positive values of  scroll downward; use negative values to scroll in the opposite direction(s). is often used in conjunction with scroll bars to view a graphic that is too large to fit entirely in the window.

generates a  event, which your program can detect in its dialog-event handling routine the next time a   statement is executed. Your dialog-event handling routine should respond to this event by redrawing the portion of the window that was left blank by the scroll. If you don't redraw this area explicitly, it will be filled with the window's current background color and pattern.

FB Lite behavior: When you use the "FB Lite" runtime,  operates only on the Graphics Window. Because "FB Lite" refreshes the window automatically, you won't receive a event.

title: Futurebasic/Language/Reference/scroll


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/scroll button

Description
The  statement puts a new scrollbar in the current output window, or alters an existing scrollbar's characteristics. The parameters are interpreted as follows:

"Image was here"

To Create a New Scrollbar
 Choose an  value such that   is different from the ID's of all existing buttons and scrollbars in the window. If you use a negative, and the window contains a multistyled non-static edit field whose ID number is  , then the actions of the scrollbar are linked to the edit field (explained below).

Choose initial values for current, min, max and page. All of these parameters are optional; any of them that you omit will have the following default initial values:  = 0

= 0

= 255

= 16

 If creating a  scrollbar, specify the   parameter. This parameter is optional if you're creating a  or   scrollbar.

Specify the type. This parameter is optional; its default value is.

To Alter an Existing Scrollbar
 Set  to the ID number of an existing scrollbar in the window.

If you want to change any of the current, min, max or page values, specify the corresponding parameters. Any of these that you omit won't have their values changed.

If you want to change the rectangle of a  scrollbar, specify the new rectangle in the rect parameter. If you omit this parameter, the rectangle won't change. NOTE: the rect parameter is ignored when you're altering a  or   scrollbar.

You can't alter the type of an existing scrollbar. This parameter is ignored if the scrollbar already exists.

To Activate or De-activate a Scrollbar
You can use the  statement to activate (highlight) or de-activate (dim) an existing scrollbar.  To activate it, use: To de-activate it, use:

Linking a Scrollbar's Action to an Edit Field
If you specify a negative  value when creating a new scrollbar, FB looks for a multisyled edit field (which can be static) whose ID number equals   in the current window. If such a field is found, the behavior of the scrollbar and the edit field become linked, as follows:

 When the user (or your program) moves the scrollbar thumb, the text in the edit field scrolls vertically;

When the user (or your program) alters the text in the field, or drags through it vertically, the scrollbar thumb moves correspondingly.

 When linking a scrollbar to an edit field, it's recommended that you use a vertical scrollbar. A horizontal scrollbar will not scroll the text horizontally, and its action is likely to look strange to the user.

You can't alter the,   nor   parameters of a scrollbar that's linked to an edit field. These values are automatically altered dynamically as the content and position of the text in the field changes. Also, you can't use the  statement to activate nor de-activate this kind of scrollbar; the scrollbar is active when the edit field contains more lines than will fit in the view rectangle, and is inactive otherwise.

Note: To link a scrollbar to an edit field, you must create the edit field first, and the scrollbar second.

Note: You can only link a scrollbar to a multistyled edit field (a field which was created using a negative  value).

Using the Scrollbar
To make the scrollbar usable, your program must call  periodically. Among other things,  tracks the motion and clicking of the mouse in the scrollbar, and moves the thumb in response to these user actions. Your program can also move the thumb explicitly by setting the  parameter in the  statement.

Whenever the user moves the thumb, a dialog event of type  is generated. The "id" value for this event equals the scrollbar's ID. You can determine the thumb's current position using the  function:

Note
To remove a scrollbar, use the  statement:

To find out information about a scrollbar, use the  function to get the scrollbar's control record.


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/segment

Description
This statement does nothing in FB. It is retained for compatibility with older versions of FutureBasic.

title: Futurebasic/Language/Reference/segment


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/segment return

Description
This statement does nothing in FB. It is retained for compatibility with older versions of FutureBasic.


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/setselect

Description
If the current output window contains an active edit field, this statement selects (highlights) a range of text in the field, or sets the position of the blinking insertion point. It also scrolls the selected text into view, if it's not already in view.

The  and   parameters refer to positions between characters in the field. Position 0 is just to the left of the first character; position 1 is between the first and second characters; and so on. If you specify a position greater than or equal to the number of characters in the field, it indicates a position just to the right of the last character. If  equals , then no text is highlighted, but a blinking insertion point is paced at the indicated position.

Example
If you specify, a blinking insertion point is placed at the beginning of the field's text. If you specify, all of the text in the field is selected. If you specify, a blinking insertion point is placed at the end of the field's text.

The following inserts or replaces the selected range with the contents of :

Note: Text selection and insertion-pont placement are normally handled automatically by the  statement, in response to the user's mouse and keyboard actions. Use  for special situations.

Use the  and   functions to determine the active field's current selection range.

FB Lite behavior: When you use the "FB Lite" runtime,  switches to the Text Window, then highlights the indicated range of characters in the window.


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/setzoom

Revised
June 12, 2000 (Release 3)

Description
When you create a window that has a zoom box, FB assigns a default "zoom rectangle" for the window. The zoom rectangle is the screen rectangle that the window occupies after the user clicks the zoom box. Clicking the zoom box a second time causes the window to change back to its previous rectangle. By default, the zoom rectangle takes up most of the screen.

Use the  statement to assign a new zoom rectangle for the window, specified by , where   and   are diagonally opposite corners of the rectangle, in global screen coordinates. The next time the user clicks on the window's zoom box, and your program subsequently executes, the window's size and location will change to fit the specified zoom rectangle.

If you omit the  parameter,   resets the zoom rectangle to the default zoom rectangle.

has no effect on windows that don't have a zoom box.

Note
You can use the  function to determine when the user has clicked on the window's zoom box.

The size of the zoom rectangle is not limited by the  or  statement.

Do not use  unless the window specified by   has already been created (using the   statement).

title: Futurebasic/Language/Reference/setzoom


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/shutdown

Description
When used without the  parameter,   behaves identically as the  statement. If the  parameter is included, the string in   is displayed in an alert box before the program quits.

FB Lite behavior: When you use the "FB Lite" runtime, the string in the  parameter is displayed in the Text Window, rather than in an alert box.

title: Futurebasic/Language/Reference/shutdown


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/sgn

Description
Use this function to determine the "sign" of. returns:  1 if expr is positive; 0 if expr is zero; -1 if expr is negative.

Example
This loop counts up if first, and counts down if last:

title: Futurebasic/Language/Reference/sgn


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/sendappleevent

Revised
June, 2001 (Release 5)

Description
This statement is used in conjunction with other Apple Event commands available starting with Release 5. It allows you to send information of any size to another process. The parameters include the standard event type and class. (See  for details about these parameters.) The   specifies where the Apple Event Manager will find the data and the   variable tells the length of that data.

The  parameter may be a null string (to send the information to all running processes) or it may be a specific process name. (See  for an example of how to build a list of running processes.)


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/sin

Description
Returns the sine of, where   is given in radians. The returned value will be in the range -1 to +1. always returns a double-precision result.

Note
To find the sine of an angle  which is given in degrees, use the following:

where  equals 3.14159265359

title: Futurebasic/Language/Reference/sin


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/sound end

Description
This statement stops the sound that was initiated with the latest or   statement. If the sound is an " " resource that you played using the  syntax or the   syntax, the  statement also releases the resource.


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/sinh

Description
Returns the hyperbolic sine of. always returns a double-precision result.

Note
is defined as:

title: Futurebasic/Language/Reference/sinh


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/sizeof

Description
This function returns the number of bytes of memory allocated for a particular variable, or the number of bytes allocated for each variable of a particular specified type.

If you specify, it should either be the name of a type defined previously in your program (in a   statement or a   statement), or the name of one of FutureBasic's built-in types (such as  ,  ,  , etc.). returns the size of a variable of that type.

If you specify, then   should be the name of a type which was previously declared to be a pointer to some other type (in a   statement). In this case,  returns the size of the type that   points to. Note that if you omit the " " symbol,  just returns the size of a pointer variable (usually 4).

If you specify, then   should be the name of a type which was previously declared to be a handle to some other type (in a   statement). In this case,  returns the size of the type referenced by. Note that if you omit the " " symbols,  just returns the size of a handle variable (usually 4).

Note
returns the number of bytes reserved in memory for the string variable. This is not the same thing as.

If a variable  contains the handle to a relocatable block (of a possibly unknown type), you can use the Toolbox function   to determine the size of the block.

title: Futurebasic/Language/Reference/sizeof


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/sound frequency

Description
This statement plays a tone of the given pitch, duration and volume.

The  is expressed as a frequency in cycles per second. The frequency that you specify is converted to the nearest "MIDI note value," which determines the actual note that's played. Middle "C" corresponds to a frequency of 261.625.

The  is expressed in ticks, and can range from 0 to 32,767. However, the toolbox sound commands require FB to translate the ticks into an integer to represent half-milliseconds. This means you can play a note that is no longer than 32.8 seconds.

The  can range from 0 through 127. Specifying 0 will result in silence, and 127 will play the sound at the maximum volume specified in the "Sound" control panel. If you omit this parameter, it is treated as 127.

If  is , the sound will play asynchronously. If  is , or you omit the parameter, the sound plays synchronously. When you play asynchronously, your program starts executing the next statement immediately while the sound is playing in the background. When you play synchronously, the next statement in your program does not execute until the sound has finished playing.

If you are playing notes asynchronously, and your execute a second  statement while another sound is still playing in the background, the new sound won't start playing until the first sound finishes. Note that on some machines, this technique can result in lost sounds. When playing asynchronously it's better to use the  function to determine when one sound has ended, before attempting to play the next sound.

One way to play sound frequencies is to use negative numbers (from -1 through -127) to represent the note that you wish to play. The table below shows how to use these values.

Image was here

Using the midi table for a guideline, we can create a version of "pop goes the weasel" as follows:


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/sound snd

Description
This statement plays a synthesized sound which is in the "snd" format. The  parameter identifies the sound you want to play; you can construct this string in any of the following ways:

 * By resource name: Set  to the name of an " " resource in a currently open resource file. Don't use a resource name that begins with "%" or with "&", or it will be confused with the other forms discussed below.
 * By resource ID number: If  is the resource ID number of an " " resource in a currently open resource file, you can prefix the number with a percent sign:

 * By " " handle: If  is a handle to a sound in " " format, you can construct the   parameter as follows:

If FB needs to load a resource to play the sound, it does not automatically release the resource after the sound stops. In this case, you should either use purgeable " " resources, or you should execute the  statement to force the resource to be released.

Sounds played using the  statement are always played asynchronously; that is, your program continues to the next statement immediately, while the sound is playing in the background. However, if you execute a second  statement while a previous sound is still playing in the background, the new sound won't start playing until the first sound finishes.

Example
If you want your program to "wait" until a sound finishes before continuing, you can use the function:


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/spacestring

Description
Returns a string consisting of  space characters. must be in the range 0 through 255. returns an empty (zero-length) string.


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/spc

Description
When used with PRINT or LPRINT, this outputs the number of spaces specified by.

Example
PRINT "Hello" SPC(10) "out there."

program output:

Hello out there.

title: Futurebasic/Language/Reference/spc


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/sqr

Description
Returns the square root of expr. always returns a double-precision result.

title: Futurebasic/Language/Reference/sqr


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/stop

Description
This statement interrupts program execution and displays a dialog box that shows the line number where the  statement appeared, and gives the user the option of continuing or stopping the program. If the optional string parameter is used, it will be displayed as a message in the alert. If no string parameter is used, FB displays the name of the file in which the  statement was used.

"Image was here"

If the user clicks the "Stop" button, FB calls your stop-event handling routine (if you've designated one using the  statement), and then your program ends. If the user clicks the "Continue" button, execution continues at the next statement following the  statement.

is mainly useful as a debugging tool. It's not recommended for use in the "production" version of your program.

FB Lite behavior: When you use the "FB Lite" runtime, the  statement does not display a dialog, but instead prints a message in the Text Window indicating the line number where the  occurred. At that point, the program ends; the user does not have the option to continue.

title: Futurebasic/Language/Reference/stop


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/str pound

Description
This function returns a string element from a resource of type " ". The should specify the resource ID number of an " " resource in a currently open resource file. indicates which string element to get; the first element is numbered 1. If the " " resource isn't found, or if  is greater than the number of strings in the resource, the   function returns an empty (zero-length) string.

" " resources hold lists of strings. Among other things, they're useful in helping you to localize your program so that it supports the native language of your user. You typically use a program like ResEdit to create an " " resource and its strings; you can also add strings to an " " resource using the  statement, or remove them using the   statement.

Note
You can use the following function to determine how many strings are in an " " resource.


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/strstring

Description
This function returns a string consisting of the characters in the decimal representation of. If the number is non-negative, then  will also have a leading space character (if the number is negative, the first character will be the minus sign). formats the number in a reasonable way; if you need the number to appear in a special format, use string functions such as,  , etc.

Generally speaking,  is the inverse of the   function.


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/str amp

Revised
June 2001 (Release 5)

Description
This function returns a string element from a handle that is in the same format as a resource of type " ". The  should specify the location of the memory block. indicates which string element to get; the first element is numbered 1. If the handle isn't found, or if  is greater than the number of strings in the resource, the   function returns an empty (zero-length) string.

Example
This example creates and fills a handle in the form of a STR# resource and displays the results..

DIM sHndl as handle DIM x as WORD

// create an empty STR# style handle sHndl = FN newhandleclear(2)

// Fill the handle with ASCII strings (1-10)FOR x = 1 TO 10 DEF APNDSTR("This is number"+STR$(x), sHndl)

NEXT

// Display the handle using STR& FOR x = 1 TO 10 PRINT str&(sHndl,x)

NEXT

// We made it. We must dispose of it.

DEF DISPOSEH(sHndl)

title: Futurebasic/Language/Reference/str amp


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/stringstr

Revised
July 27, 2000 (Release 3)

Description
This function returns a string or a container consisting of  repetitions of a single character. If you specify a string in the second parameter, the first character of   is repeated. If you specify a number in the second parameter,   repeats the character whose ASCII value is. must be in the range 0 through 255; if  equals zero,  returns an empty (zero-length) string.

Example
PRINT STRING$(12, "LOG") PRINT STRING$(9, 70)

program output: LLLLLLLLLLLL FFFFFFFFF


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/stringlist

Description
When source code is compiled, FB needs to know where to store quoted strings. (Quoted strings are those that appear in the source code like .) The strings are placed either in a STR# resource (for easy access during localization) or in blocks of data that are stored as part of the program.  : Use this command to begin storing strings in a STR# resource.

It optimizes both resource based and code based  storage. This is the most desirable state and leads to smaller applications. When the compiler sees a string appear for a second time in your source code, it will not make a new entry, but will point to the existing identical entry.

In this case, the compiler will store separate entries for every occurrence of a string even if those occurrences are identical.

Note
statements are not nestable. statements don't apply for string constants.


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/swap

Description
exchanges the contents of the two indicated variables. Both variables must be of the same type.

Example
varOne% = 1200 varTwo% = 999 PRINT varOne%, varTwo% SWAP varOne%, varTwo% PRINT varOne%, varTwo%

program output: 1200 999 999 1200

title: Futurebasic/Language/Reference/swap


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/syserror function

Fuck s helpful info on topic

Description
This function returns the value of the  variable, which is an internal variable that FB uses to store the MacOS result codes from disk i/o operations.

While  usually returns toolbox result codes, it also returns three error codes that are unique to FB. These are:

Example: -9999 The file number used was outside of the legal range.

Example: OPEN "I",#-1000-8888 The program attempted to open a file using a file number that was already in use.

Example: OPEN "R",#1,"Test" OPEN "R",#1,"Something Else"

-6666 An illegal open type was used.

Example: OPEN "XYZ",#1,"Test"


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/syserror statement

Description
This statement sets the value of FutureBasic's internal  variable. FB sets this variable automatically when you perform disk file operations. The  statement can be used to reset the variable to zero after one of these other operations has set it to a nonzero value. In virtually every case, you will use  (0) as the   parameter.

Note
The internal  variable does not behave like an ordinary variable. For example, you cannot set its value by means of an  or   statement.


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/system function

Revised
February, 2002 (Release 6)

Description
This function returns various kinds of information about the system and about the current application. Set  to one of the values shown here:

Image was here

Note
You can get many other kinds of system-wide information by using the Toolbox function.


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/system statement

Description
This is a synonym for the  statement


text: User talk:76.245.63.171

title: User talk:76.245.63.171


text:
Talk:Ruby on Rails/Examples

Insert File BLOB Data
How do you insert data from a file into the the MySQL database?

title: Talk:Ruby on Rails/Examples


text: User talk:70.233.244.108

title: User talk:70.233.244.108


text: User talk:70.172.226.245

title: User talk:70.172.226.245


text: User talk:Drivn' Crazy

title: User talk:Drivn' Crazy


text:
User talk:Lucychili

Welcome to Wikibooks, Lucychili! – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 03:54, 23 April 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Lucychili


text: User talk:210.15.217.194

title: User talk:210.15.217.194


text: User talk:218.0.247.16

title: User talk:218.0.247.16


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/threadstatus

= THREADSTATUS =

Function
(+) 	Appearance 		(+) 	Standard 		(+) 	Console

Syntax
abortBoolean = THREADSTATUS[(ticks&)]

Revised
August, 2002 (Release 7)

Description
In a threaded function, it is necessary to tell the Thread Manager when you wish to yield to other running processes. A thread which yields very little time will run faster, but will cause all other operations on the computer to run at a slower rate. The THREADSTATUS function returns a Boolean result to indicate whether or not the thread should continue operation. One reason that a thread might be asked to cease operation would be if the computer was about to shut down. When you receive a non-zero result from the THREADSTATUS statement, you should exit the threaded function immediately.


text:
Futurebasic/Language/Reference/timestring

Function
(+) 	Appearance 		(+) 	Standard 		(+) 	Console

Syntax
currentTime$ = TIME$

Description
This function returns the current time of day as an 8-character string in this format:   hh:mm:ss where hh is a 2-digit hour in 24-hour format ("00" through "23"), mm is a 2-digit minutes value ("00" through "59"), and ss is a 2-digits seconds value ("00" through "59"). Example: This program speaks one of three appropriate phrases depending on the time of day. hour = VAL(LEFT$(TIME$,2)) SELECT CASE hour CASE >= 18 oserr = FN SPEAKSTRING("Good evening.") CASE >= 12 oserr = FN SPEAKSTRING("Good afternoon.") CASE ELSE oserr = FN SPEAKSTRING("Good morning.") END SELECT WHILE FN SPEECHBUSY WEND Note: To get a time string which is formatted according to the user's "Date & Time" preferences, use the Toolbox procedure IUTIMESTRING. For example: DIM timeStr$, @ t& CALL GETDATETIME( t& ) CALL TIMESTRING( t&, _false, timeStr$, _nil ) PRINT "The time is now "; timeStr$


text:
Wikijunior talk:The Elements/Glossary

consider adding entries for precipitation, reaction, organic, inorganic, transition metals, residue, impurity, acid, base, osmosis, distillation, plasma, diffusion, reduction --Billymac00 (talk) 05:28, 23 April 2008 (UTC)

title: Wikijunior talk:The Elements/Glossary