text:
User talk:Mike.lifeguard/Archive 8

Water Safety
Sounds good, and timely since I'm taking my cub scout pack to the lake this weekend. The hard part will be getting good pictures. Here's some CC By stuff from flickr    that might be useful. I'm happy to help with a book like that. -- xixtas talk 04:43, 16 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Thanks a bunch for help with the pics. I've uploaded a few to commons. If you want to give feedback on the plan so far, it's at Wikijunior:Water Safety/meta. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 21:05, 16 November 2007 (UTC)
 * It would be great to focus on what kids need to know (as opposed to what parents or lifeguards should know about keeping kids safe around water.) Simple stuff most adults probably take for granted. (Jump in feet first, read the signs, know how to float, don't get too tired, drink water, if you're in trouble call for help right away, don't swim around boats or dams, etc.) I put a few websites on the meta page for inspiration and possible reference sources. -- xixtas talk 03:21, 17 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Yes, that's the real focus. I only started with what you see because it was the first stuff that comes to mind. It does make sense (to me at least) to include at least some stuff for their parents. I will probably move that stuff to a single page at the end though & de-emphasize it. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 03:23, 17 November 2007 (UTC)

Thank you...
...for the kind welcome. This really looks like a great place, I look forward to contributing. -- RedCoat 18:48, 16 November 2007 (UTC)

Clock recovery
Howdy, thanks for importing the clock recovery page over to wikibooks. I actually know next to nothing on the wikibooks side - could you fill me in on why an article moved over would be labeled Transwiki:Clock recovery rather than just Clock recovery? Is that just a step along the way to getting it imported? Thank you. Mrand 18:13, 17 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Yes, that's exactly right. The Transwiki: namespace is a holding area for imported content. Once a transwiki page has been adopted, you can work on it there, then move it or the other way around - it's up to you. The point is that Transwiki: pages are still in encyclopedia article style (mostly), and they need to be turned into textbook modules instead. You may be interested in reading Wikibooks for Wikipedians as a starting point. Happy editing! – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 18:17, 17 November 2007 (UTC)

Transwiki:Four Corners Solitaire
Thanks Mike. The above was the reason for my import request. I saw your note in the poker book :-) --AdRiley 14:34, 19 November 2007 (UTC)

If
You come across edits blanking a page and putting in websites (mainly .cn so far) they are probably Open Proxies. Seen on en wq, en wp & Commons so far today - cheers -- Herby talk thyme 11:45, 20 November 2007 (UTC)

My answer to Lifeguard
Firecircle 04:42, 21 November 2007 (UTC) What I did was edit an article lifted from my wage page a number of years ago. It was so out of date that I brought it into conformity with its equivalent on my website Quest for Atlantis. Since I was the original author, I felt free to update it. Was this Ok? Sorry, for the delayed answer--I didn't locate your question for some time. Firecircle 04:42, 21 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Yeah that's fine I guess. Usually we don't edit in other people's userspace (except talk pages) because it's their own personal space. No harm done really, but if that user wanted it updated they can do it themselves.
 * You can find your old edits easily by clicking "my contributions" in the top right corner. Happy editing! – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 15:00, 21 November 2007 (UTC)

query
I don't understand what you meant to do by adding query to Pilingual_Primer/label. Your edit propagated a speedy deletion box from yet another template through query and Pilingual_Primer/label to the book itself, which is probably not what you meant to do. --Fasten 20:11, 22 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Sorry for that. That page should be in the Template: namespace, I think. Without knowing that the page is a template, it does look like a very short page with little to no content which may have been created in error. You might consider moving it out of the mainspace. Thanks for the note. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 21:50, 22 November 2007 (UTC)
 * I think the manual of style for the book can clear up that misunderstanding. The page is as intended. --Fasten 21:58, 22 November 2007 (UTC)
 * If you say so. I don't see why a template that is for use in a book would be located in either the mainspace or your userspace. It's not a functional difference, so keep stuff where it is if you like, but it makes sense to me that it should be located in the template namespace. Since it doesn't matter functionally, I'll leave it be; it's up to the book community to make those decisions. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 22:07, 22 November 2007 (UTC)

IRC cloak request
I am Mike_lifeguard on freenode and I would like the cloak wikibooks/mike_lifeguard. Thanks. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 01:10, 23 November 2007 (UTC)

SoraxD
Looks like this user appeared only to delete four chapters of the Muggles' Guide. Thank you very much for re-instating them. Can I admit to some curiosity as to why the user wasn't blocked? Chazz (talk) 07:14, 23 November 2007 (UTC)
 * The damage was not as extensive as the diffs make it seem. The specific changes here have caused the diffs to be really horribly done; that why the first revert was rollback and the rest were AGF. This user only removed links - this was not an extended vandalism spree; the changes were actually relatively minor. Blocks aren't punative, so a block now doesn't make sense. If the edit history continues in the future, a block would be warranted. Thanks for keeping an eye out for that kind of thing - you do good work. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 07:28, 23 November 2007 (UTC) (note to self: figure out why these diffs suck)
 * Perhaps then a message on his talk page might be in order? Thing is, I don't know where he got those summaries from, I expect they must have been cut and pasted from somewhere, because of the sheer speed with which they appeared. My supposition is that someone has decided to post Cole's Notes or Spark Notes instead of what we have put up there. As for why they suck? SoraxD's summaries over-summarize; they leave out events that are critical to the one book and to the series as a whole. And apart from that, they flatten the characters to the point that we simply don't care what happens to them. I'd like to think that I don't do either of those... or at least, not as much. Timing note: The early books, like PoA, it took me about 30 minutes to summarize a chapter. The later books, especially OotP and DH, an hour was good time for a chapter. And I write fast, I'm told. Chazz (talk) 07:59, 23 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Yes, a warning is certainly in order (done now - forgot previously). I meant the actual diffs. They really sucked at showing what changed. MediaWiki calculates diffs on the fly, and there have been complaints that the algorithm used is less than perfect. This diff (for example) is simply de-linking the character names, but the diff makes it look like he's ripped the page apart. The other edits were poor quality, but hardly disruptive vandalism. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 08:07, 23 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Of course, something else that he did seems to have removed all the paragraph breaks from the rendered text, which also makes it much harder to read. And I can also see why the diff algorithm is so horrible. The MediaWiki algorithm basically counts differences, and if it reaches a certain level, it says "this is a completely new paragraph", and offsets everything that follows by one paragraph. It does not attempt to re-sync once it has fallen out of step. Chazz (talk) 08:39, 23 November 2007 (UTC)

Re: User:BryanBot
Nope, it is currently not possible to have something like (+2 Edit requests). This is due to the fact that I don't store data of the previous run. It may be possible that I come up with something else, but I need to give it some thought. Bryan talk | commons) 22:19, 23 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Yes it rebuilds the list each time and overwrites the old list. Bryan talk | commons) 23:06, 23 November 2007 (UTC)

When
you are on meta keep an eye on this - it has useful info from time to time :) -- Herby talk thyme 17:12, 24 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Will do. Very nice page; I like! – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 17:20, 24 November 2007 (UTC)
 * I'm getting the measure of you now:) I have some regrets about my edits on the RfA page - I also regret not supporting you - I know your work better now -- Herby  talk thyme 09:42, 25 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the vote of confidence. It's always good to know your work is appreciated. You're a bit of a star yourself, so that makes a bit of extra difference. =D – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 17:55, 25 November 2007 (UTC)

Directing Technology/Purchase/planning
Per your request, everything that used to be located at Directing Technology/Purchase/planning is now located at Directing Technology/Purchase/. Members of my group were using Directing Technology/Purchase/planning as an area where we were brainstorming ideas. Please do what ever you need to delete Directing Technology/Purchase/planning. Let me know if you have any questions. Dabrace1984 19:52, 24 November 2007 (UTC)Douglas Brace
 * Thanks! I will history merge imminently. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 21:41, 24 November 2007 (UTC)

Mike, thank you for your help. I believe that you might have gotten confused with my request. Everything that is located at http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Directing_Technology/Purchase/planning can be deleted. I believe that you copied everything over from http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Directing_Technology/Purchase/. Can http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Directing_Technology/Purchase/planning be deleted or should I just make it blank? Sorry for any confusion dabrace1984
 * No, I left it as a redirect on purpose, but I didn't notice that it was an orphan. I've now deleted it. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 23:52, 27 November 2007 (UTC)

Do spaces remove the hit ?
Did they ? --Panic 02:51, 27 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Yeah; thanks for that. But now it's saying "copyvio?"... that one is a bug! I'm trying to figure out the best way to fix it right now. Don't worry about this one; we'll change the bot (or something). – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 02:56, 27 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Lol, if you need any help just ask... in any case I draw a line on changing my alias... (the Panic keyword has historically been used as an error code and is know to give problems in very old code)    --Panic 02:59, 27 November 2007 (UTC)

Cookbook:Eton mess
Hi, you tagged "Cookbook:Eton mess" with a copyvio tag. I don't think it violates any copyright – it appears to be a generic recipe. It was originally in the article "Eton mess" but was removed from en.wikipedia as unencyclopedic, so I thought it would be helpful to include it in the Cookbook instead. I've had a look at several other recipes in the Cookbook, and none of them seem to have any references. Jacklee 18:01, 27 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Did you check the URL provided? It uses the exact same words. Since this comes from en.wp, the most likely thing is that that site is the copyvio. I'll remove the tag and history-merge with an import from en.wp. Thanks for clearing that up. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 18:03, 27 November 2007 (UTC)

What URL? I had a look at older versions of the article containing the copyvio tag and there didn't seem to be any URL indicated on the tag. Anyway, thanks for clarifying and cleaning up the matter. Jacklee 18:08, 27 November 2007 (UTC)

Ta
Thanks! Ewen 22:55, 27 November 2007 (UTC)

Archives
They will see the message :-) They have an odd system, the archives are templated in the main page. It is at the right place :-) Editors write in the archives and the archives are displayed in Le Bistro. Very odd people... Anthere 22:46, 28 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Oh. Odd is right. Thanks anyways! – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 22:46, 28 November 2007 (UTC)

Logo Advertisements
Hey mike, thanks for your help with advertising the logo thing. I've been so busy lately with school that I keep forgetting details like the site notice or the bulletin board. I can't wait till the semester is over, and I can get back to regular, old-fashioned, wiki addiction. --Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 13:30, 29 November 2007 (UTC)

Query - Why?
Hello You have put a comment on my recipe for Tarte Tatin which I dont quite understand (my fault probably) - I put up this recipe and it is intended for the Cookbook section of Wikibooks. Is this wrong ? Thanks - Peter —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Peterkirchem (talk • contribs) 22:37, November 29, 2007.
 * At the time was added, that page consisted of a single sentence. Since you've expanded it since the, there's no problem. Thanks! – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 23:23, 29 November 2007 (UTC)

It's me again...
There are a few more Lucid Dreaming pages that have seem to appear outside of the book. One of them is at:

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Lucid_Dreaming:_Reality_Checks:_Finger_Stretching

Last time you said I should ask you to move this page. It belongs under the reality checks section of the book. Following the links from THAT page, there are more articles with colons such as:

Lucid_Dreaming:_Reality_Checks:_Finger_Stretchin-g

There are many pages with colons in their URL. I'm wondering if it is synonmymous with the slashes of the official book, or if it's another seperate page. There are two copies of pages such as:

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Lucid_Dreaming/Induction_Techniques

and

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Lucid_Dreaming:_Induction_Techniques

Why are there colons on some of the URLs and not others? Erik212 22:38, 29 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Yes, it looks like this book uses an old naming convention. Technically it is grandfathered under the naming policy, but it's probably a good idea to update to the slash convention instead. I'll have a go with this; you're welcome to help out if you like. In this case, renaming looks fairly straightforward; just replace any colons with a slash instead (and remove the space after the colon if there is one) - so Lucid Dreaming: Induction Techniques will be moved to Lucid Dreaming/Induction Techniques. Thanks! – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 22:52, 29 November 2007 (UTC)

 * OK, thanks for the prompt reply. How exactly do I change the URL for the article? Erik212 22:54, 29 November 2007 (UTC)
 * There's a move tab at the top. Just click that and enter the new name and the reason you're moving the page. When in doubt, you should move the talk page along with it (there's a check box to do both moves in parallel). Just looking at Special:Prefixindex/Lucid Dreaming though, I think all the renaming has been done; I'll see if I can update some links and delete some orphan redirects though. If you see other books which need to be updated to the slash convention, it's probably safe to go ahead and do it. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 22:56, 29 November 2007 (UTC)

 * OK, got it. Thanks for the help again. Erik212 22:58, 29 November 2007 (UTC)

shortcuts
Hi Mike:

I think the shortcuts are a great idea, however you need to be careful to use the long name of the pages in the redirects, rather than the shortcuts, otherwise you make a double-redirect (a shortcut directing to a shortcut). Hope you have a good day. Mattb112885 (talk to me) 20:42, 30 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Yes, I'm just going back now to fix them :) – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 20:43, 30 November 2007 (UTC)

Ha
Was just coming to tell you about the "MediaWiki:Deletereason-dropdown" page - might have guessed you would have found it already! And should have added "good work" on it too. Cheers -- Herby talk thyme 08:32, 1 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Thanks. I had a heads-up because I stumbled across the bugzilla request the other day ;) – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 14:47, 1 December 2007 (UTC)
 * And of course people have such interesting ideas on other wikis :) Good to see you "around", cheers -- Herby  talk thyme 10:12, 2 December 2007 (UTC)

See my talk page
There is somthing changed in my talk page. Black Rhino Ranger 10:55, 1 December 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Mike.lifeguard/Archive 8


text: User talk:68.196.247.49

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:68.196.247.49


text:
User talk:Soxred93

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally.– Mike.lifeguard  | talk 23:52, 29 November 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Soxred93


text:
User talk:192.88.85.3

Welcome!
Welcome to Wikibooks, a collection of open-content textbooks! You don't have to log in to read or edit articles on Wikibooks, but creating an account is quick, free and non-intrusive, requires no personal information, and gives you many benefits, including:
 * The use of a username of your choice
 * The ability to view all your contributions via a "My contributions" link
 * Your own user page
 * Your own talk page which, if you choose, also allows users to send you messages without knowing your e-mail address
 * The use of your own personal watchlist to which you can add articles that interest you
 * The ability to rename pages.
 * The ability to upload images
 * The ability to customize the appearance and behavior of the website
 * The eligibility to become an administrator
 * The right to be heard in votes and elections
 * Your IP address will no longer be visible to other users.

We hope that you choose to become a Wikibookian and create an account. Feel free to ask me any questions you may have on my talk page. By the way, make sure to sign your posts and comments with four tildes (~~~~), which will let others know who left it.

– Mike.lifeguard  | talk 23:52, 29 November 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:192.88.85.3


text:
User talk:Zaepherius

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally.– Mike.lifeguard  | talk 00:13, 30 November 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Zaepherius


text:
User talk:AppaAliApsa

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally.– Mike.lifeguard  | talk 00:29, 30 November 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:AppaAliApsa


text:
User talk:Mjsirvine~enwikibooks

Links

 * http://www.koreandiary.com

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Mjsirvine. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Mjsirvine~enwikibooks that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:31, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 05:15, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Mjsirvine~enwikibooks


text:
Cookbook:Gochujang

| Cuisine of Korea

Gochujang (고추장) is a Korean fermented chili paste composed primarily of glutinous rice, soy, and chili powder (gochugaru). The heat levels and color vary according to the recipe. Gochujang can be made at home, although this is a lengthy process, and many cooks will purchase gochujang ready-made.

Uses
Gochujang is widely used in Korean cooking. It is a key component of tteokbokki, and a sauce made from gochujang is commonly used to season bibimbap before serving.

Recipes

 * Imitation Gochujang

title: Cookbook:Gochujang


text: User talk:67.52.223.74

title: User talk:67.52.223.74


text:
Radiation Oncology/Thymoma/Randomized

Thymoma Randomized Evidence

Surgery +/- Adjuvant RT
Stage I
 * Peking; 1999 (China)(1981-1996) PMID 11593579 -- "Postoperative radiotherapy for stage I thymoma: a prospective randomized trial in 29 cases." (Zhang H, Chin Med J (Engl). 1999 Feb;112(2):136-8.)
 * Randomized. 29 patients, Stage I, age <65 years. Arm 1) surgery alone vs. Arm 2) surgery + adjuvant RT. RT AP and/or two anterior oblique wedge fields. If lymphocytic predominant, used 50/25, if epithelial/mixed used 60/30
 * Outcome: No recurrence or metastases in either group; 10-year OS surgery 92% vs. surgery + RT 88% (NS)
 * Conclusion: Adjuvant RT not necessary for Stage I thymoma

title: Radiation Oncology/Thymoma/Randomized


text: User talk:68.44.158.33

title: User talk:68.44.158.33


text: User talk:125.60.243.84

title: User talk:125.60.243.84


text:
Cookbook:Springerle

| Dessert

Ingredients

 * 4.5 eggs
 * 1 pound (3.5 cups) powdered sugar, sifted
 * 1 pound (3–4 cups) flour
 * 1 tsp baking powder
 * Anise seeds, crushed

Procedure

 * 1) Beat eggs until light-colored and almost dry—this takes a long time, and an electric mixer is recommended.
 * 2) Beat the sugar into the eggs.
 * 3) Combine the flour and baking powder. Work into the eggs to make a delicate dough.
 * 4) Grease several cookie sheets and scatter generously with crushed anise seeds.
 * 5) Roll the dough gently and carefully imprint with springerle mold. Cut into pieces and transfer to baking sheets. Allow to dry overnight.
 * 6) Bake at 250°F (120°C) for 25–30 minutes.

title: Cookbook:Springerle


text:
Cookbook:Rock Cookies

| Dessert

Ingredients

 * 4 cups flour
 * ½ tsp salt
 * 1 tsp baking powder
 * ¾ cup butter
 * 1 cup granulated sugar
 * ¼ pound dried currants
 * ¼ tsp mace
 * Zest of half a lemon
 * 3 eggs, well beaten
 * Candied cherries

Procedure

 * 1) Preheat oven to 350°F.
 * 2) Sift flour, salt, and baking powder; rub in butter. Add sugar, currants, mace, and lemon zest. Stir in eggs.
 * 3) Form into rough balls about 1 inch in diameter. If balls aren't holding together well, sprinkle with water. Garnish with ⅛ of a candied cherry.
 * 4) Bake for 9 minutes at 350°F. Cool.

title: Cookbook:Rock Cookies


text:
User talk:216.221.96.202

Welcome!
Welcome to Wikibooks, a collection of open-content textbooks! You don't have to log in to read or edit articles on Wikibooks, but creating an account is quick, free and non-intrusive, requires no personal information, and gives you many benefits, including:
 * The use of a username of your choice
 * The ability to view all your contributions via a "My contributions" link
 * Your own user page
 * Your own talk page which, if you choose, also allows users to send you messages without knowing your e-mail address
 * The use of your own personal watchlist to which you can add articles that interest you
 * The ability to rename pages.
 * The ability to upload images
 * The ability to customize the appearance and behavior of the website
 * The eligibility to become an administrator
 * The right to be heard in votes and elections
 * Your IP address will no longer be visible to other users.

We hope that you choose to become a Wikibookian and create an account. Feel free to ask me any questions you may have on my talk page. By the way, make sure to sign your posts and comments with four tildes (~~~~), which will let others know who left it.

– Mike.lifeguard  | talk 03:11, 30 November 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:216.221.96.202


text: User talk:70.156.170.237

title: User talk:70.156.170.237


text: User talk:65.67.158.155

title: User talk:65.67.158.155


text: Template:Java Programming/AdvancedTopics/Nav


text:
Java Programming/Database Programming

Java uses, an API that defines how a client may access a database. Its drivers may be installed first.

Connecting to databases
The following is used to open an connection to an Access database. Note that the username (and password, if applicable) are given in the DSN rather than the  call. This is a MS Windows-only example, due to the requirement for the Microsoft Access Driver.

Connecting to Oracle Database
This script returns the database size:

package oracle.jdbc does not exist
If you have Oracle Database on your PC, just add to the classpath its following files :
 * C:\oracle12\app\oracle\product\12.1.0\dbhome_1\jdbc\lib\ojdbc7.jar
 * C:\oracle12\app\oracle\product\12.1.0\dbhome_1\sqlj\lib\runtime12.jar

Otherwise, ojdbc7.jar can be downloaded from http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/jdbc/jdbc-drivers-12c-download-1958347.html, and add it to the compilation. Eg: javac MyClass.java -classpath ojdbc7.jar

ORA-28009: connection as SYS should be as SYSDBA or SYSOPER
Just add " as sysdba" after your Oracle account name, eg: Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:MyDatabase", "MyAccount as sysdba",

title: Java Programming/Database Programming


text: Template:Java Programming/Reflection/Nav


text:
Java Programming/Concurrent Programming

In computer programming, an application program runs in a certain process of the CPU. Every statement that is then executed within the program is actually being executed in that process. In essence, when a statement is being executed, the CPU focuses all its attention on that particular statement and for the tiniest fraction of a second puts everything else on hold. After executing that statement, the CPU executes the next statement and so forth.

But consider for a moment that the execution of a particular statement is expected to take a considerable amount of time. You do not want to keep the CPU on halt until the statement gets executed and done with; you would want the CPU to continue with some other application process and resume the current application as smoothly as possible after its statement is executed. It can only be possible if you can run several processes simultaneously, such that when one process is executing a statement that is expected to take some time, another process in the queue would continue doing other things and so on. Such a principle of programming is called concurrent programming.

Throughout this chapter, we will be taking a look at concurrent programming constructs present in the Java programming language.

title: Java Programming/Concurrent Programming


text: Template:Java Programming/ConcurrentTopic/Nav


text: User talk:216.211.73.153

title: User talk:216.211.73.153


text:
Category:Book:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Honors with an Advanced Option

All of the honors listed here have an advanced version as well as a "standard" version.


text:
User:Mangojuice

Please communicate with me at my Wikipedia talk page. Thanks!

title: User:Mangojuice


text:
Talk:Mathematica/Polar Surface Plots

For Mathematica 6.0, please use the next code:

MyListPolarPlot3D[data_, rRange_, thetaRange_, zRange_] := Module[ {}, gr1 = ListPlot3D[ data, DataRange -> { { rRange1, rRange2}, { thetaRange1, thetaRange2} },   DisplayFunction -> Identity, ColorFunction -> "SolarColors", ColorFunction -> Automatic, MeshFunctions -> {Function[{x, y, z}, x*Cos[y]], Function[{x, y, z}, x*Sin[y]]}, BoundaryStyle -> None, ColorFunctionScaling -> True, Mesh -> 30 ]; substitution = {r_, theta_, z_} -> {r Cos[theta], r Sin[theta], z}; gr2 = gr1 /. GraphicsComplex[p_List, rest__] :> GraphicsComplex[ReplaceAll[p, substitution], rest] ; (* * Retitle the axes and show final graph  *) Return[ Show[ gr2, AxesLabel -> {"X", "Y", "Z"}, DisplayFunction -> $DisplayFunction , BoxRatios -> {1, 1, 0.8}, PlotRange -> { {-0.65*rRange2, 0.65*rRange2}, {-0.65 rRange2, 0.65*rRange2}, {zRange1, zRange2} }   ]   ] ;    ]

This is an example

Fun[r_, t_] := 0.632 (0.710 \[ExponentialE]^(-1.166 (0.492+ r^2 -         1.403 r Cos[t])) +      0.710 \[ExponentialE]^(-1.166 (0.492+ r^2 + 1.403 r Cos[t]))) ;

dataPlot = Table[ \[Psi][r, t], {t, 0.0, 2.0*Pi, 2*Pi/100}, {r, 0.0, 4.0, 0.08}] ; MyListPolarPlot3D[ dataPlot, {0.0, 4.0}, {0.0, 2*Pi}, {0, 0.55}]

title: Talk:Mathematica/Polar Surface Plots


text:
Animal Behavior/Habitat

Space Utilization
Individuals must find their place within the three dimensional expanse in which all material objects are located. Individual species ought to strive for finding the most favorable combination of spatial distribution and the use of resources offered there. Distribution and behavior of individuals or species contingent on spatially explicit references.Habitat refers to any part of the biosphere where a species can successfully live and reproduce; Niche, in contrast, describes a species' ecological role within a community.

Individuals

 * Ideal Free Distribution The relative number of foragers in each patch should match the relative, available amount of resources obtained there (except with incomplete information or inter-forager interference). Individuals should distribute themselves among habitats so that every individual maximizes its net rate of return. Costs and benefits may depend on how many other users are already using the resource. applies to food, mates, etc.
 * Ideal Depotic Distribution Individuals chose the most suitable area, within the constraints that other residents provide
 * Allee-type Distribution Individuals chose the most suitable area, within the constraints that other residents provide

Fundamental vs. realized niche: A variety of factors may determine the presence or absence of a species at a particular site. Individuals of a species may not have reached the habitat - dispersal. Alternatively, a variety of determinants may play a role, including abiotic (e.g., weather conditions, soil, climate) or biotic (interactions with other organisms, predation, competition, disease, social factors).

Strategies, Decisions and Preferences in Behavioral Ecology: confer an adaptive advantage with success measured as  Reproductive Success, the probability that an animal of a particular genotype and phenotype will manage to foster reproductively successful offspring.

Habitat Preferences
Natural selection will favor individuals which utilize those habitats in which the greatest number of successful offspring can be raised. Spatial constraints may involve a balance of considerations: e.g., Herring gulls; Variables to consider: resource limitations; spatial and temporal distribution of the resource; variation in resource quality; number of competitors that attempt to control a resource; Predation pressure, etc.

habitat imprinting: many migratory vertebrates, such as salmon tradition: mountain sheep, greylag goose migration : area which an individual, pair, or group occupies or regularly returns to : area of heaviest use, may center on a resource, i.e. nest, water source, food source : any defended area; area of more or less fixed boundaries from which rival conspecifics are excluded through Aggression (self-preservation, protection of the young, or resource competition)
 * Habitat preference as a closed developmental system: many invertebrates, crayfish. Host plant preference in bladder grasshoppers. Poor response to rapid environmental change and human impact, e.g. Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) depends on lupine (Lupinus perennis) as its sole larval food source. Species with highly fixed, genetically programmed habitat selection may require considerable time to evolve mechanisms for the selection of a new habitat
 * Habitat preference as an open developmental system:
 * Dispersal Ecological process affecting distribution, and genetic process affecting geographic differentiation and variation; leaving an area of birth or activity; largely a short range effort; Colonization - long range dispersal. Stay in the safety of home: little danger but competition may reduce reproduction or Disperse and take chances: high mortality but high payoffs. Natural dispersal: e.g. Cattle egrets or Intended and unintended aid in dispersal by humans: e.g. European starling, house sparrow, Africanized honeybees
 * Descriptives for Spatial Distributions: Are distributions random, clumped, dispersed? Describe distribution with: minimum polygon, bivariate normal, spatial autocorrelation, contiguous clustering, or non-parametric utilization distribution (UD)

title: Animal Behavior/Habitat


text:
IB Chemistry/Human Biochemistry

Option C: Human Biochemistry

C.1 Diet (2h)
In a calorimeter experiment, the food is completely combusted. The energy released is used to heat a sample of water. The heat energy can be calculated using this equation: H = m cp T H is the heat released (J) m is the mass of water heated (g) cp is the specific heat capacity of water (4.18 J g-1 K-1) T is the change in water temperature (oC or K)

The value calculated by this equation will typically need to be divided by the number of moles, or the number of grams of the food which has been burnt.

Example: 0.547 g of sucrose, C12H22O11, was completely combusted in a food calorimeter. The heat evolved was equivalent to increasing the temperature of 250 g of water from 22.22 °C to 30.81 °C.

Calculate the calorific value of sucrose (in kJ g-1 and kJ mol−1) given the specific heat capacity of water in Table 2 of the Data Booklet. Using the formula H = m cp T H is the heat released (J) m is the mass of water heated (250 g) cp is the specific heat capacity of water (4.18 J g-1 K-1) T is the change in wa ter temperature (8.59 oC or K) H = 8.98 kJ

This is due to combustion of 0.547 g of sucrose. Dividing by this mass gives us: 16.4 kJ g-1. 1 mole of sucrose has a mass of 342 g, so the molar enthalpy change is 5612 kJ mol-1. (342 g x 16.4 kJ g-1 or 8.98 kJ ÷ 1.60 x 10-3 mol.)

Questions

03NS3 C1. (a) State how genetically modified food differs from unmodified food. [1] (b) List two benefits and two concerns of using genetically modified crops. [4] C2 (d) 1.00 g of sucrose, C12H22O11, was completely combusted in a food calorimeter. The heat evolved was equivalent to increasing the temperature of 631 g of water from 18.36 °C to 24.58 °C.

Calculate the calorific value of sucrose (in kJ mol−1) given the specific heat capacity of water in Table 2 of the Data Booklet. [3]

05MS3 C1. (c) The energy content of a vegetable oil was determined using a calorimeter. A 5.00 g sample of the oil was completely combusted in a calorimeter containing 1 000 g of water at an initial temperature of 18.0 oC. On complete combustion of the oil, the temperature of the water rose to 65.3 oC.

Calculate the calorific value of the oil in kJ g−1 [4]

C.2 Proteins (3h)
2-aminopropanoic acid shows the essential structure shared by all 2-amino acids: H2N-CH(CH3)-COOH The –CH3 group can be changed for one of 19 other groups to make the 20 amino acids encoded in our genes.

The –NH2 group of one amino acid can join to the –COOH group of another. This condensation reaction forms a peptide bond and a water molecule.

To use either of these techniques the peptide bonds in the proteins must first be hydrolysed to release individual amino acids. Include the use of Rf values in paper chromatography. Given isoelectric points, students should be able to determine a suitable pH to achieve good separation in electrophoresis.

The amino acids of a protein can be identified if the protein is hydrolysed. Hydrolysis usually involves refluxing the protein with acid or alkali to give the separate amino acids. Chromatography separates the amino acids according to whether they prefer to dissolve in a solvent, or remain attached to a solid. Careful choice of solid and solvent allow amino acids to be separated as the solvent moves over the solid.

The ratio of the movement of the amino acid, to the movement of the solvent, is called the Rf value.

Example: Using paper as the solid phase and a 8:1:1 mix of ethanol:water:ammonia as the solvent, the Rf values of Aspartic acid, lysine and leucine were found to be 0.13, 0.35 and 0.84 respectively. Draw a chromatogram showing the expected pattern of spots for the three pure amino acids and a mixture of all three.

Electrophoresis uses an electric field to separate the amino acids. Positively-charged amino acids will tend towards the cathode and negatively charged amino acids will move towards the anode.

Each amino acid has an isoelectric point, given in table 20 of your data book. This is the pH which gives the amino acid an overall neutral charge. Above this pH, the amino acid is negative (deprotonated) and below this pH the amino acid is positive (protonated). For example, at pH 5.4:

Charge	Structure	Movement Asparagine

Cysteine

Glutamine

 * Note how neutral amino acids form zwitterions.

The sequence of amino acids in a protein is called its primary structure. The sequence is given from the free amine end (N-terminal) to the free acid end (C-terminal). The backbone of the protein can form two regular patterns due to hydrogen bonding. These are called secondary structures:

A single chain can form an -helix. Hydrogen bonds form between the C=O of one amino acid and the H-N of the amino acid four residues further down the chain. When two chains run alongside one another, the C=O groups of one chain and N-H groups of the other chain can be aligned and hydrogen bonds form. This forms a -sheet. Tertiary structure is the folding of the protein into its final shape. The main driving force is for oily amino acids to be buried within the structure and polar amino acids to be exposed on the surface. Other forces involved are hydrogen bonds, salt bridges (ionic bonds between acidic and basic amino acids) and disulphide bridges (covalent bonds between cysteine residues). A fictional peptide showing two disulphide bridges, a salt bridge, and inter-residue hydrogen bonding.

Some proteins may be formed from multiple polypeptide chains. The assembly of two or more chains to form one protein is called quaternary structure. Like tertiary structure, the bonding may involve hydrophobic, ionic, covalent and hydrogen bonding.

These are structure, biological catalysts (enzymes) and energy sources. Proteins are involved in holding biological structures together (e.g. collagen, keratin) Enzymes are biological catalysts which control metabolism. They are all proteins. Protein can be used as a source of energy but is generally only used if fat and carbohydrate is not available.

Questions

06MS3 C1. (a) (i) Deduce the structure of one of the dipeptides that can be formed when the two aminoacids below react together.[2] (ii) State the name given to this type of reaction and identify the other product of the reaction. [2] (b) Describe how a mixture of aminoacids can be analysed using electrophoresis. [4] (c) (i) Explain what is meant by the primary structure of proteins. [1] (ii) Explain, with reference to hydrogen bonding, why the α-helix and β-sheet secondary structures of proteins are different. [2] (iii) Identify three types of interactions responsible for the tertiary structure of proteins. [2]

C.3 Carbohydrates (2.5h)
Monosaccharides contain a carbonyl group (C=O) and at least two -OH groups, and have the empirical formula CH2O. Monosaccharides are organic molecules with three or more carbon atoms in a straight chain. Each carbon has a single –OH group, except one which has a C=O group. Aldose sugars have an aldehyde group (i.e. C=O is on carbon number 1). Ketose sugars have their C=O in the middle of the chain. Fructose: Glucose: Note that glucose and galactose are identical except that one chiral centre is different: Galactose: Having four chiral centres, glucose has seven isomers which differ in the orientation at one or two of the chiral centres. Galactose is just one these. Glucose has an enantiomer (L-glucose) which differs at all four chiral centres. You need to know the straight-chain formula of glucose.

Monosaccharides in solution form a ring structure involving the C=O group: α-glucose	straight-chain version of glucose	β-glucose You need to know these formulae of glucose. Galactose undergoes a similar reaction: The –OH group on carbon 1 of -glucose can link to the –OH group on carbon 6 of fructose. H2O is lost and a bridging –O- links the two molecules. This disaccharide is called sucrose. If the –OH group on carbon 1 of -galactose links to the –OH group on carbon 4 of glucose, a similar reaction occurs resulting in the disaccharide lactose.

A chain of -glucose molecules linked carbon 1 to carbon 4 is called amylose. It is part of starch and glycogen.

Amylose chains can be linked together by connecting the carbon-1 at one end to the carbon-6 of another chain. This branched polymer is called amylopectin and it is the second component of starch and glycogen.

These are energy sources, energy reserves (eg glycogen) and precursors for other biologically important molecules.

Glucose is broken down into water and carbon dioxide to yeld metabolic energy. Other carbohydrates are converted into glucose and metabolized in a similar manner. Starch and glycogen are used as stores of glucose in plants and animals respectively. Carbohydrates are used in other roles but are usually modified beforehand e.g. as glycoproteins, glycolipids, hormones.

Questions

03NS3 C2. (a) Draw the straight chain structure of glucose. [1] (b) The structure of α-glucose is shown below. Outline the structural difference between α-glucose and β-glucose. [1] (c) Glucose molecules can condense to form starch which can exist in two forms, amylose and amylopectin. Describe the structural differences between the two forms. [2] 05NS3 C1. (a) The equilibria which exist in an aqueous solution of glucose is shown in the structures below. (i) Identify the α and β forms of glucose [2] (ii) State, with a reason, whether or not the two ring forms of glucose are enantiomers. [1] (iii) In structure B identify, by stating the numbers, the carbon atoms which are not chiral. [1] (b) The structure of lactose, a disaccharide formed from glucose and galactose, is shown in the Data Booklet. Draw the ring structure of galactose and state whether it is an α or β isomer. [2] (c) State one major function of polysaccharides such as starch and glycogen. [1]

C.4 Lipids (2.5h)
Lipids generally do not dissolve in water. There are 3 different kinds of lipids in the human body:

- Triglycerides

- Phospholipids

- Steroids

Tricglycerides(Oils)

Fats and oils (collectively known as lipids) have a variety of chemical structures, but they are all insoluble in water.

The most common lipid structure is the triacylglyceride (TAG) which is an ester. Three long-chained acids form ester bonds to a single molecule of glycerol (propane-1,2,3-triol).

Saturated fatty acids have no C=C double bonds. Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more C=C double bonds. Polyunsaturates have more than one C=C.

Saturated fatty acids tend to have higher melting points. The intermolecular bonds must be greater. This is due to the more efficient van der Waals' forces that are possible when the flexible saturated chains lie alongside one another – the contact surface is maximised. In unsaturated fatty acids the double bonds reduce the flexibility of the molecules, and this prevents the molecules aligning so efficiently.

Margarine manufacturers use unsaturated vegetable oils and hydrogenate them until they become saturated enough to have the right semi-solid consistency at room temperature.

The number of C=C bonds can be determined from the number of moles of I2 which add to one mole of fat.

Like Br2 in the test for alkenes, I2 will add to the C=C double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids. Unlike Br2 it only reacts with C=C bonds.

The iodine number is the mass of iodine which reacts with 100 g of a lipid. For saturated fatty acids such as palmitic acid (C15H31COOH) the iodine number is zero. For unsaturated fatty acids like hexadecadienoic acid C15H27COOH the iodine number is calculated as follows:

The number of double bonds is calculated by comparing the fatty acid to the appropriate saturated fatty acid. For every two hydrogens missing, there must be one double bond. In this case, compare C15H27COOH with C15H31COOH: There are four missing hydrogens and therefore two C=C bonds.

Example

Calculate the molar mass of the fatty acid and the iodine: C15H27COOH	252 g mol-1 I2	254 g mol-1 Every C=C will react with one iodine, so: one mole of C15H27COOH will react with two moles of I2 252 g of C15H27COOH will react with 508 g of I2 100 g of C15H27COOH will react with 202 g of I2

Hydrolysing TAGs into glycerol and fatty acids is achieved by refluxing with sodium hydroxide. The fatty acid salts which result acts as soaps. The ionic salt end is water-soluble but the long alkane chain is oily. The molecule can therefore bridge between water and oily impurities. C.4.5 List the major functions of fats in the body.

These are energy sources, insulation and cell membranes.

Fats are used as a source of energy. They are more slowly broken down than carbohydrates so they are not as useful in an emergency as glycogen. On the other hand, fats do not accumulate water so they are more efficient energy stores, pound for pound, than glycogen. Fat is a good thermal insulator (blubber).

Phospholipids

Made of three structures:

-Glycerol(backbone) -2 fatty acid chains -phosphate chain.

It is amphipathic meaning the head, glycerol is polar but the chains are not.

Phosopholipids form bilayers.

The bilayers form cell membranes

Steroids

3 Cyclohexane rings and 1 cyclopentane ring bonded together

Examples of steroids are: Vitamins, hormones and cholesterol.

Questions

03NS3 C3. Linoleic acid (C17H31COOH, Mr = 280) and stearic acid (C17H35COOH, Mr = 284) both contain eighteen carbon atoms and have similar molar masses. (a) Explain why the melting point of linoleic acid is considerably lower than the melting point of stearic acid. [3] (b) Determine the maximum mass of iodine (I2 Mr = 254) that can add to (i) 100 g of stearic acid: [1] (ii) 100 g of linoleic acid: [2] (c) (i) Draw the simplified structural formula of a fat containing one stearic acid and two linoleic acid residues. [1] (ii) Give the formulas of the products formed when this fat is hydrolyzed by sodium hydroxide. [1]

05MS3 C1. (a) A brand of vegetable fat consists of 88 % unsaturated fats and 12 % saturated fats. State the major structural difference between unsaturated and saturated fats. [1] (b) Linoleic acid, CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH, and palmitic acid, CH3(CH2)14COOH, are components of vegetable fat. Explain why palmitic acid has the higher melting point. [3] (d) List two functions of fats in the human body. [2]

06MS3 C2. (a) The formula of oleic acid is CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH3)7COOH. Using R to represent CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH3)7, show the structure of the triglyceride formed from this acid. [1] (b) Explain why some triglycerides that are liquid at room temperature become solids when they are completely hydrogenated. [3]

05NS3 C2. (a) The general formula for saturated fatty acids is CnH2nO2. The molecular formula of linoleic acid is C18H32O2. (i) Determine the number of carbon to carbon double bonds in linoleic acid. [1] (ii) Iodine number is defined as the number of grams of iodine that adds to 100 g of a fat or an oil in an addition reaction. Determine the iodine number of linoleic acid. [2] (b) (i) State one structural similarity between fats and oils. [1] (ii) Explain, by referring to their structures, why fats are solid at room temperature, but oils are liquid. [3] (c) When a fat is reacted with aqueous sodium hydroxide, soap and one other product are formed. (i) State the condition required for this reaction. [1] (ii) Draw the structural formula of the other product. [1]

B.5 Micronutrients and Macronutrients
 B.5.1 - Outline the difference between micronutrients and macronutrients
 * Micronutrients are substances required in very small amounts (mg or ug) and that mainly function as a co-factor of enzymes (<0.005% body weight). Examples include vitamins and trace minerals (Fe, Cu, F, Zn, I, Se, Mn, Mo, Cr, Co and B).
 * Macronutrients are chemical substances that are required in relatively large amount (>.005% body weight). Examples include proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and minerals (Na, Mg, K, Ca, P, S and Cl)

 B.5.2 - Compare the structures of retinol (vitamin A), calciferol (vitamin D) and ascorbic acid (vitamin C)
 * Vitamin C - Has hydroxyl groups (4), Ester within in the ring, polar because hydroxyl groups make it easy to dissolve in water.
 * Vitamin A - Only 1 hydroxyl group, long polyene chain. Has small polar parts, but overall non-polar (therefore doesn't dissolve in water, fat soluable)
 * Vitamin D - Only one hydroxyl group. Some alkene groups, small parts are polar areas but overall no big difference. Overall non-polar due to the carbon chains and cyclocarbons.

 B.5.3 - Deduce whether a vitamin is water or fat soluable from its structure  Water soluble molecules have a high proportion of electronegative atoms in their structures. Fat soluble vitamins are relatively non-polar and consist mainly of hydrocarbon.

 * Water-soluable are vitamins B and C
 * Fat-soluable are vitamins A, D, E, K

''' B.5.4 - Discuss the causes and effects of nutrient deficiencies in different countires and suggest solutions. ''' Micronutrient defiencies include:
 * Iron - anemia
 * Iodine - goitre
 * Retinol (vitamin A) - Xerophythalmia, night blindness
 * Niacin (Vitamin B3) - Pellagra
 * Thiamin (Vitamin B1) - Beriberi
 * Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) - Scurvy
 * Calciferol (Vitamin D) - Rickets

Macronutrient definciencies
 * Protein - Marasmus and kwashiorkor

Solutions include
 * Providing food rations that are composed of fresh and vitamin -and mineral- rich foods
 * Adding nutrients missing in commonly consumed foods
 * Genetic modification of foods
 * Providing nutrition supplements
 * Providing selenium supplements to people eating foods grown in selenium-poor soil

Questions

04MS3 C1. (a) The structures of three important vitamins are shown in Table 22 of the Data Booklet. State the name of each one and deduce whether each is water-soluble or fat-soluble, explaining your choices by reference to their structures. [5] (b) Identify the metal ion needed for the maintenance of healthy bones and state the name of the vitamin needed for its uptake. [2] (c) State the name of the vitamin responsible for maintaining healthy eyesight and the name of the functional group which is most common in this vitamin. [2] (d) Identify one major function of vitamin C in the human body and state the name of the most common disease caused by deficiency of this vitamin. [2] (e) Fresh fruits and vegetables are good sources of vitamin C. Explain why some meals made from these foods may contain little vitamin C. [2] 05NS3 C3. (a) State the name of a disease which results from the deficiency of each of the following vitamins. [2] vitamin A vitamin C vitamin D

(b) A person consumes an excess of both vitamin A and C. State, with a reason, which one is more likely to be stored in the body and which is more likely to be excreted. [2]

06MS3 C3. The structures of vitamins A and C are shown in Table 22 of the Data Booklet. State, with a reason, whether each is fat soluble or water soluble. [3]

C.6 Hormones (2.5h)
Questions

04MS3 C2. The structures of two sex hormones, progesterone and testosterone, are shown in Table 22 of the Data Booklet. (a) State the names of two functional groups that are present in both hormones. [2] (b) Identify which of the two hormones is the female sex hormone and where in the human body it is produced. [2] (c) Outline the mode of action of oral contraceptives. [3]

05MS3 C2. (a) By referring to Table 22 of the Data Booklet, identify one vitamin that is water soluble and one vitamin that is fat soluble. Explain the differences in solubility in terms of their structures and intermolecular forces. [4] (b) Vitamins C and D are vital in a balanced diet. State one major function of each of these vitamins and state a disease that results from the deficiency of each one. [4]

B.7 Enzymes
Made of amino acid chains

B.8 Nucleic Acids
DNA RNA

title: IB Chemistry/Human Biochemistry


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Transwiki:Researching Japanese names

A variety of reference material is available for looking up information about Japanese names. Below is some information about the most comprehensive and widely available resources.

Reading names
The Nihon seishi daijiten is a two volume family name dictionary. One is arranged by stroke-number, the other arranged in gojūon order, and contains 33 different categories of name origin, indicated by a circled characters next to entries. The third volume (kaisetsu-hen) discusses the history of Japanese names, house crests, etc.

The Monshō dai shō sei and Kamon daizukan are family-crest dictionaries that contain symbols or designs adopted as insignia by individuals, families, or other groups and applied to banners or armor for identification in battle, or to clothing or possessions for decoration. These symbols occupy an esteemed place among the graphic arts of Japan. Many of the most popular motifs first appeared in Japan simply as patterns on the costumes and paraphernalia of the court aristocracy of the Nara (710–794) and Heian (794–1185) periods. Family crests (kamon) were a product of the wars that ushered in the warrior class and the feudal era in the late 12th century. There is no single definitive collection of Japanese crests in general or of family crests in particular. The total number of design variations is probably between 4,000 and 5,000, with the most popular general categories being plants, flowers, and trees. Also depicted on crests are tools, implements, and other man-made objects, birds, insects, and animals, heavenly bodies and geographical features, abstract patterns and designs, and ideographs and symbols.

Historical personages
The Sengoku jinmei jiten contains biographical material on Kamakura, Muromachi, and Sengoku historical personages. Entries are arranged in gojūon order and include persons from the field of politics, economy, society, religion, literature, and art.

The Heibonsha Dai jinmei jiten is a 10 volume set published in 1953 as the first truly modern multi-volume dictionary of Japanese biography. It covers persons deceased prior to 1953, and is indexed by gojūon. Volumes 7 & 8 cover foreigners (indexed alphabetically). In general, more detailed information can usually be found in historical and literary dictionaries than in this resource.

Who's who's
The Shintei gendai Nihon jinmeiroku is the definitive source for information on living Japanese. It includes 105,000 entries, arranged in gojūon order. Entries include occupation, educational record, birthdate, professional resume, contact address, hobbies, professional associations, and contact address. The date the record was last updated is also included at the end of each entry.

The Jinji koshinroku includes living leading figures in politics, government, academia, religion, business and the arts. It is arranged in gojūon order by kanji. Includes a brief biographical entry, with such information as contacts or friends and biographies of immediate family members. Listings depend on amount of tax paid, so also serves as a directory of wealth.

The Jinbutsu Jōhō database is a database that can be reached here

Copyright holders, etc.
Gendai Nihon shippitsusha daijiten

name pseudonym(s) (if any) speciality and area of interest or current theme of research date of birth/death hometown 出身地 educational history current awards, prizes, honors etc. (since 1991) group affiliations languages spoken and/or used when translating place of work contact details
 * Extensive listings of 120,000 Japanese writers in all areas but the natural sciences
 * Each entry contains bibliography of publications between the years 1977-1982, including newspaper and magazine articles, interviews, and published books
 * Biographical data includes:

Kenkyūsha kenkyū kadai sōran: Jinbun shakai kagaku hen

name date of birth university specialities position held background degrees held association memberships research interests publications
 * Two-volume resource prepared by MEXT
 * Contains biographical information on 136,000 living scholars (Japanese and European) engaged in a variety of disciplines in Japan, including philosophy, psychology, sociology, education, anthropology, history, art history, literature, science, and economics
 * Entries are arranged by gojūon order for Japanese names and alphabetical order for European names
 * Entries include professional title, highest degree, awards, affiliated institution, current research topics (limit 3), and publications (limit 3)
 * Biographical data includes:

Necrologies
Meiji kakochō: bukko jinmei jiten

The Meiji kakochō is the result of a labor of love of its compiler, Ōue, and the personal attention that it was given by him is apparent throughout. For example, the last page has the inscription, "限りなき幽魂のために" (For the sake of the infinite souls). The detail that is given in many of the entries comes largely from obituaries and other research by the author/compiler. To compile this work, Ōue consulted postal records from Meiji 5 (1872), countless newspapers, and official gazettes/telegrams; he visited various temples and cemeteries, including military cemeteries, and collected epitaphs. The editor gives as much information as possible based on all of his collected data. This volume includes a chart for figuring out the ages of the deceased if they are not given in the text entry.
 * Continuous necrology of modern Japan
 * Edited by Ōue Shiro, a medical doctor with a hobby for tracking down the deceased
 * Biographical information varies from 4-10 lines
 * Original idea was that of a kakochō, a temple register of the deceased, in chronological order
 * Primary listings are in order of death
 * Observations:
 * Cause of death is included in most entries. This might be of use to someone researching epidemics or other related topics.

Shōwa bukko jinmeiroku

 * The Shōwa bukko jinmei roku includes deceased persons from 1926.12.25 to 1979.12.31.
 * A typical entry gives simply *name, *dates of birth and death, *age at death, *main occupation, and *place of birth. It does not give place of death.  An interesting feature of this dictionary is the chart/index in the back that lists in order of year, month and day, everybody who died on the respective day, their age at death, and their former occupation.
 * primary listing in gojūon order (the standard order of the Japanese syllabary)

Kansei Chōshū Shokafu
There are four main groups of names into which the indexes are organized: seishi 姓氏 (surname), imina 諱 (posthumous name, 忌み名), and shōko 稱呼 (appellation/name), which includes all other types of names not found in the other categories, such as yōmei 幼名, tsūshō 通称, gō 号, ingō 院号, etc. Under this last category, shōko, there are two additional sections for names based on ranks and titles: kanshokumei 官職名,　kokumei 国名. While there are four basic types of names that the indexes deal with, each of the four index volumes do not correspond equally with one name type. The name-type shōko occupies the majority of the indexes (and hence the dictionary), with a total of 931 pages, including the two subcategories kanshokumei and kokumei. The seishi (surname) only occupies about one tenth of the first index volume. This would obviously indicate that the way to go about tracking someone down in these volumes is not by their surname, but first by their shōko, and then by their imina, which occupies 688 pages of the indexes.
 * When using this reference, the four-volume index should be turned to first.

Nichigai WHO
(also known as: Nichigai/web sābisu who, Nichigai/web who) Online database containing biographical information about more than 420,000 Japanese. Contains name, place and date of birth, occupation, current address/contact information, career history, and hobbies. It notes when entry was last updated. Lists works published for academics, roles/albums for actors and musicians, and positions held by political figures.

Database allows you to enter name in hiragana/katakana in case kanji reading of name is unknown.

title: Transwiki:Researching Japanese names


text:
Talk:Directing Technology/Plan

Responsibilities
Miguel Zambrano started began to modify the contents of this page to show a more technological feel of the planning phase. (June 13, 2009)

Decided to use images saved in Wikimedia Commons. Used the names of the creators in the caption of each image. (June 20, 2009)

Worked on the references using the REF command. This shows a letter for repeated citations in the same document. (June 22, 2009)

Complete information from literature review (June 24, 2009).

who will prepare which section.

* introduction - mary jo has added smt.

* needs analysis - mary jo has added * vision development naime

* goals assessment - naime added smt (12/3)

* plan development

* implementation - Mary Jo, added content on 12/7.

* evaluation - naime

Group Discussion
Hello All, I entered the section on Implementation. Great job on your entries, Naime. I tried to start the content on the main page of "Planning" and then link the rest to a second page. I really like how that worked. Mary Jo - on 12/7. Hi Mary Jo, Bolu I am working on the outline,please edit me, make any changes that you want

 * what is tech plan?
 * characteristics of a succesfull tech plan
 * technology planning team (stakeholders)
 * need analyzing
 * evaluating the existing technology
 * goal assesment
 * writing a school tech plan

yesterday, i add to evaluasion and vision develop. and also something to goal assesments but it is so little and also not enough. naime, 12/4

question , where should i put implementing??

naime on 11/30

Naime, I added implementing and evaluating to the end of the list. I am hoping to work out at least the implementing section. I divided the Introduction so that the first part of the Needs Analysis Section is started. I seemed like I started addressing the Needs Analysis in the Introduction, so someone can develop the Introduction Section - Mary Jo on 12/02.

Hi Mary Jo, what does LHSH stand for? i have typed a question mark there in the text? thanks, naime.

Naime, LHSH was the initials of the school district I developed my Technology Plan for in my class. We should use "School District". - Mary Jo on 12/02.

Hi, future tech directors,

if anyone want to participata in this section, please send me an e-mail or write on this page.we should finish this chapter until 12/7.

naime (1:58 on 30/11), my email adress is ngk206

Mary Jo (1:04pm on Dec. 2), mjbg.

title: Talk:Directing Technology/Plan