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Anatomy and Physiology of Animals/Cardiovascular System/Blood circulation

Objectives | Blood Circulation
After completing this section, you should know:
 * that the circulatory system is double consisting of pulmonary and systemic circuits with the blood passing through the heart twice;
 * the differences in the structure and function of arteries, capillaries and veins;
 * how the pulse is produced and where it can be felt;
 * what tissue fluid and lymph are and how they are formed;
 * the names of the main arteries and veins.

Blood Circulation
The circulatory system is the continuous system of tubes through which the blood is pumped around the body. It supplies the tissues with their requirements and removes waste products. In mammals and birds the blood circulates through two separate systems - the first from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart again (the pulmonary circulation) and the second from the heart to the head and body and back again (the systemic circulation) (see diagram 8.12).

Diagram 8.12 - The mammalian circulatory system

The tubes through which the blood flows are the arteries, capillaries and veins. The heart pumps blood into arteries that carry it away from the heart. The arteries divide into very thin vessels called capillaries that form a network between the cells of the body. The capillaries then join up again to make veins that return the blood to the heart.

Arteries
Arteries carry blood away from the heart. They have thick elastic walls that stretch and can withstand the surges of high pressure blood caused by the heartbeat (the pulse, see later). The arteries divide into smaller vessels called arterioles. The hole down the centre of the artery is called the lumen. There are three layers of tissue in the walls of an artery. It is lined with squamous epithelial cells. The middle layer is the thickest layer. It made of elastic fibres and smooth muscle to make it stretchy. The outer fibrous layer protects the artery (see diagram 8.13). The pulse is only felt in arteries.

Diagram 8.13 - Cross section of an artery

The Pulse
The pulse is the spurt of high pressure blood that passes along the aorta and arteries when the left ventricle contracts. As the pulse of blood passes along an artery the elastic walls stretch. When the pulse has passed the walls contract and this helps push the blood along. The pulse is easily felt at certain places where an artery passes near the surface of the body. It is strongest near the heart and becomes weaker as it travels away from the heart. The pulse disappears altogether in the capillaries.

Capillaries
Arterioles divide repeatedly to form a network penetrating between the cells of all tissues of the body. These small vessels are called capillaries. The walls are only one cell thick and some capillaries are so narrow that red blood cells have to fold up to pass through them. Capillaries form networks in tissues called capillary beds. The capillary networks in capillary beds are so dense that no living cell is far from its supply of oxygen and food (see diagram 8.14).

Note: All arteries carry oxygenated blood except for the pulmonary artery that carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

Diagram 8.14 - A capillary bed

The Formation Of Tissue Fluid And Lymph
The thin walls of capillaries allow water, some white blood cells and many dissolved substances to diffuse through them. These form a clear fluid called tissue fluid (or extracellular fluid or interstitial fluid) that surrounds the cells of the tissues. The tissue fluid allows oxygen and nutrients to pass from the blood to the cells and carbon dioxide and other waste products to be removed from the tissues (see diagram 8.15).

Diagram 8.15 - The formation of tissue fluid and lymph from blood

Some tissue fluid finds its way back into the capillaries and some of it flows into the blind-ended lymphatic vessels that form a network in the tissues. Once the tissue fluid has entered the lymphatics it is called lymph although its composition remains the same. The lymph vessels have walls that are even thinner than the capillaries. This means that molecules and particles that are larger than those that can pass into the blood stream e.g. cancer cells and bacteria can enter the lymphatic system. These are then filtered out as the lymph passes through lymph nodes. (See chapter 10 for more information on the lymphatic system).

Veins
Capillaries unite to form larger vessels called venules that join to form veins. Veins return blood to the heart and since blood that flows in veins has already passed through the fine capillaries, it flows slowly with no pulse and at low pressure. For this reason veins have thinner walls than arteries although they have the same three layers in them as arteries (see diagram 8.16). As there is no pulse in veins, the blood is squeezed along them by the contraction of the skeletal muscles that lay alongside them.

Veins also have valves in them that prevent blood flowing backwards (see diagram 8.17a and b).

Diagram 8.16 - Cross section of a vein

Diagram 8.17 a) and b) Valves in a vein

Note: Most veins carry deoxygenated blood. The pulmonary vein that carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart is an exception.

Regulation Of Blood Flow
The flow of blood along arteries, arterioles and capillaries is not constant but can be controlled depending upon the requirements of the body. For example more blood is directed to the skeletal muscles, brain or digestive system when they are active. Regulation of the blood flow to the arterioles of the skin is also important in controlling body temperature. The size of the vessels is adjusted by the contraction or relaxation of smooth muscle fibres in their walls.

Oedema And Fluid Loss
Oedema is the swelling of the tissues due to the accumulation of tissue fluid. This may occur because the tissue fluid is prevented from returning to the bloodstream and accumulates in the tissues. This may be caused by physical inactivity (e.g. long car or plane trips in humans) or because of imbalances in the proteins in the blood. This is what causes the “pot-belly” of the malnourished child or worm-infested puppy.

Loss of body fluid can be caused not only by drinking insufficient liquid but also through diarrhea and vomiting or sudden loss of blood due to haemorrhage. The effect is to reduce the volume of the blood which decreases the blood pressure. This could be dangerous because the supply of adequate blood to the brain depends upon maintaining the blood pressure at a constant level.

To compensate for the loss of fluid various mechanisms come into play. First of all the blood vessels contract in order to try and maintain the pressure. Then, since the loss of fluid tends to make the blood more concentrated and increases its osmotic pressure, fluid is drawn into the blood from the tissues by osmosis.

The Spleen
The spleen is situated near the stomach. It has a rich blood supply and acts as a reservoir of red blood cells. When there is a sudden loss of blood, as happens when a haemorrhage occurs, the spleen contracts to release large numbers of red blood cells into the circulation. The spleen also destroys old red cells and makes new lymphocytes but it is not an essential organ because its removal in adult life seems to cause few problems.

Important Blood Vessels Of The Systemic (Body) Circulation
Blood is pumped out into the body via the main artery, the aorta. This takes the blood to the head, the limbs and all the body organs. After passing through a network of fine capillaries, the blood is returned to the heart in the largest vein, the vena cava (see diagrams 8.8, 8.12, 8.18 and 8.19).

Arteries and veins to and from many organs often run alongside each other and have the same name e.g. the renal artery and vein serve the kidney, the femoral artery and vein serve the hind limbs and the subclavian artery and vein serve the forelimbs. However, blood to the head passes along the carotid artery and returns to the cranial vena cava via the jugular vein.

One variation on this arrangement is found in the blood vessels that serve the digestive tract. A variety of arteries take blood from the aorta to the intestines but blood from the intestines is carried by the hepatic portal vein to the liver where the digested food can be processed (see diagram 8.12). This vessel is unlike others in that it transports blood from one organ to another rather precious Betine Diagram 8.18 - The main arteries and veins of the horse

Blood Pressure
The blood pressure is the pressure of the blood against the walls of the main arteries. The pressure is highest as the pulse produced by the contraction of the left ventricle passes along the artery. This is known as the systolic pressure. Pressure is much lower between pulses. This is known as the diastolic pressure. Blood pressure is measured in millimetres of mercury. A blood pressure that is higher than expected is known as hypertension while a pressure lower than expected is known as hypotension.

Diagram 8.19 - The main arteries of the body

Summary

 * The circulatory system is double with the blood passing through the heart twice.
 * Arteries carry blood away from the heart. They have thick elastic walls that stretch and can withstand the high pressure of the pulse.
 * Capillaries are small, thin walled vessels that form a network between the cells of the tissues.
 * Veins return low pressure blood to the heart. They have thinner walls than arteries.
 * The pulse is the spurt of high pressure blood that passes along the arteries when the left ventricle contracts. It can be felt where arteries pass close to the body surface.
 * Tissue fluid is the clear fluid that leaks from the capillaries and surrounds the cells of the tissues. Lymph forms when tissue fluid enters lymphatics.
 * Important blood vessels include the vena cava, aorta, pulmonary artery, carotid artery, jugular vein, renal artery and vein and hepatic portal vessel.

Worksheet
This Circulatory System Worksheet will help you learn the main vessels of the circulatory system, the difference between arteries and veins, and what happens in a capillary bed.

Test Yourself
1. Give 2 differences between arteries and veins

2. What is systole?

3. Circle the correct answer below.
 * Blood flows by this route through the blood vessels of the body.
 * a) heart | veins | capillaries | arteries | heart b) heart | arteries | capillaries | veins | heart  c) heart | veins | arteries | capillaries | heart
 * d) heart | capillaries | arteries | veins | heart

4. Name the vessel that carries blood:
 * from the heart to the main organs of the body:
 * from the aorta to the brain:
 * from the aorta to the kidneys:
 * from the intestines to the liver:
 * from the aorta to the heart muscle:

/Test Yourself Answers/

Websites

 * Wikipedia has good information on the circulatory system, although remember, most of the material is on the human system.

 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulatory_system Circulatory System

 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_vessel Arteries and veins

Glossary

 * Link to Glossary


text:
XForms/Pie Chart

Motivation
You want to use range controls to interactively change a drawing such as a pie chart. In this case we use a JavaScript library that modifies an SVG image. The data for the pie chart is kept in an instance in the model.

Link to Working XForms Application
XForms Example of Dynamic Labels

Discussion
This example a nice clean way to interactively change a value just using the mouse. No keyboard required. Here is the sample for the first range control:

This is an example of how an instance document can be used as the interface to an external component in a form. You just have to put the data in the instance and tell the application to get the data.

Credits
This example was originally inspired by the 1040 tax form example on the Mozilla web site. The JavaScript for drawing the pie chart was taken from that example.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: XForms/Pie Chart


text:
Debate

Welcome to the Debate Wikibook! Here we try to encompass all topics of debate, from the common parliamentary styles to the more obscure debate formats, as well as on speech structure, procedures and all other relevant information. Whether you're new to debate, a rookie, a veteran or otherwise, we hope this book will help you progress through the wonderful art of debate.

Table of contents

 * 1) /Introduction/
 * 2) What is Debate?

Common parliamentary formats

 * 1) /American Parliamentary/
 * 2) /Asian Parliamentary/
 * 3) /Australasian Parliamentary/
 * 4) /British Parliamentary/
 * 5) /World Schools/

Other formal formats

 * 1) /Classical format/
 * 2) /Karl Popper format/
 * 3) /Lincoln-Douglas format/
 * 4) /Moot court-mock trial format/
 * 5) /Oregon-Oxford format/
 * 6) /Policy format/
 * 7) /Public forum format/
 * 8) /Student Congress format/

Procedure

 * 1) /Topics/
 * 2) /Preparation time/
 * 3) /Speaker order/
 * 4) /Adjudication/

Elements of debate

 * 1) /Matter/
 * 2) /Manner/
 * 3) /Method/

Case construction

 * 1) /Argument basics/
 * 2) /Speech layout/
 * 3) /Setup/
 * 4) /Rebuttal/
 * 5) /Analysis/

Parliamentary formats

 * 1) /Opening speakers/
 * 2) /Deputy speakers/
 * 3) /Members/
 * 4) /Whips/

Policy format

 * 1) /Affirmative constructive/
 * 2) /Negative constructive/

Oregon-Oxford format

 * 1) /Practicability/
 * 2) /Necessity/
 * 3) /Beneficiality/

Speeches common to more than one format

 * 1) /Cross-examination/
 * 2) /Rebuttal speeches/

Technicalities

 * 1) /Definitional challenges/
 * 2) /Motions and resolutions/
 * 3) /Points of Information/

Features

 * 1) /Matterloading/
 * 2) /Adjudication procedure/
 * 3) /Tournament management/

About the Wikibook

 * 1) /Contributors/

title: Debate


text:
User:Whiteknight/per book/Control Systems.js

// //Code to change the tab text and the page title of the page. Works only for this book.

function ControlSystemsChangeTab{ document.getElementById("ca-nstab-main").childNodes[0].innerHTML = "Control Systems" }

function ControlSystemsChangeTitle { var titleparts = wgPageName.split("/"); var bookname = titleparts[0].replace(/_/g, " "); if(titleparts.length > 0) { titleparts.splice(0, 1); var pagename = " " + titleparts.join("/").replace(/_/g, " ") + " ";   bookname = bookname + pagename; } document.getElementsByTagName('h1')[0].innerHTML = bookname; }

$(ControlSystemsChangeTab); $(ControlSystemsChangeTitle); //


text:
User:Jonathan Kovaciny~enwikibooks

w:User:Jonathan Kovaciny

title: User:Jonathan Kovaciny~enwikibooks


text:
User:Talkie Toaster/Physics Textbook Categorisation

Table of Contents
Unit I            Energy and Society

Chapter 1   Physics, You, and Society

 * Physics is a Way of Thinking

 * Physics is the Pioneer Science

 * Physics in a Personal and Social Context

 * Summary

Unit II           Energy in the Environment

Chapter 2   Light and Sight

 * The Human Eye

 * Light

 * The Colors of Objects

 * Blue Sky, Red Sunset, and White Clouds

 * Color Vision

 * Summary

Chapter 3     Reflection and Mirrors

 * Plane Mirrors

 * Curved Mirrors

 * Summary

Chapter 4     Lenses and Vision

 * Refraction of Light

 * Trapping Light

 * Lenses

 * Image Formation by Lenses

 * The Camera and the Eye

 * Vision Defects and the Corrective Lenses

 * Aids to the Human Eye

 * Summary

Chapter 5       Radiation Around Us

 * A Century with Radioactivity

 * Natural and Artificial Isotopes

 * Changing Identities: Nuclear Transformation

 * Living with Radiation

 * People and Ionizing Radiation

 * Radiation Applications

 * Summary

Chapter 6       Reactors and Nuclear Energy

 * Mass Defect and Binding Energy

 * Fission

 * The Power of Nuclear Reactors

 * A Natural Nuclear Reactor

 * Environmental Hazards from a Nuclear Reactor

 * Fusion in the Stars

 * Summary

Unit III          Energy in the Home

Chapter 7       Electric Circuits

 * House Wiring

 * Simple Electric Circuit

 * Electric Current

 * Voltage

 * Conductors or Insulators

 * Current, Voltage, and Resistance: Ohm's Law

 * Factors Affecting the Resistance of a Wire

 * Electrical Connections

 * Summary

Chapter 8       The Benefits and Dangers of Electrical Energy

 * Matching Source and Load

 * Power Rating of Appliances

 * Heat Generated in Appliances

 * Short Circuit and Overload

 * Circuit Protector

 * Electrical Energy Consumption

 * Energy Saving

 * Electric Current and the Human Body

 * Electrical Hazards and Safety

 * Summary

Unit IV          Energy and the Economy

Chapter 9       The Magnet and Current Connection

 * Oersted and the Magic of Magnetism

 * From Magnets to Motors

 * Painting Pictures with Magnets

 * Summary

Chapter 10         Power Generation, Transmission, and Distribution

 * Power Plants

 * In Search of the Magnetic-Induced Current Connection

 * Electromagnetic Induction

 * Lenz's Law

 * Faraday's Dynamo

 * Electrical Energy Transmission and Distribution

 * Power Losses

 * Superconductivity

 * Summary

Unit V          Energy and Transportation

Chapter 11         Going Places

 * Describing Motion

 * Average Speed

 * Acceleration

 * Falling Body

 * Graphing Motion

 * Speed and Velocity

 * Acceleration and Velocity

 * Moving On: Rapid and Mass Transport

 * Summary

Chapter 12         What Causes Motion

 * Early Studies on Causes of Motion

 * Net Force

 * The Law of Inertia

 * The Law of Acceleration

 * The Law of Interaction

 * Impulse and Momentum

 * Conservation of Momentum

 * Friction and Streamlining

 * Force: The Cause of Motion

 * Summary

Chapter 13         Conservation of Energy

 * Energy Transfer

 * Kinetic Energy

 * Potential Energy

 * Conservation of Mechanical Energy

 * Power and Efficiency

 * Heat and Work

 * Thermal Energy

 * Heat Engines

 * Law of Conservation of Energy

 * Energy Conservation Process: The Second Law of Thermodynamics

 * Summary

Chapter 14         Floating and Flying

 * Pressure

 * Applying Fluid Pressure

 * Buoyancy in Liquid

 * Safety at Sea

 * Buoyancy in Air

 * Summary

Unit VI          Energy and Information and Communication Technologies

Chapter 15         Sound in Communication

 * Contributors to the Development of the Telephone

 * The Nature of Sounds

 * Characteristics of Sound Waves

 * Properties of Sound Waves

 * The Beginning of Electric Communications

 * The Telephone System

 * Summary

Chapter 16         Wireless Communication

 * The Beginning of Wireless Communication

 * Radio Communication

 * Telecommunication Links

 * Energy Conservation in Communication

 * Summary

Chapter 17         Electronics

 * Early Development in Electronics

 * Semiconductors

 * Discrete Electronic Components

 * Integrated Circuits

 * Optoelectronic Components

 * Putting Electronics to Work

 * Summary


text:
Java Persistence/TopLink

TopLink is one of the leading Java persistence products and JPA implementations. TopLink is produced by Oracle and part of Oracle's OracleAS, WebLogic, and OC4J servers.

As of TopLink 11g, TopLink bundles the open source project EclipseLink for most of its functionality.

The TopLink 11g release supports the JPA 1.0 specification. TopLink 10.1.3 also supports EJB CMP and is the persistence provider for OracleAS OC4J 10.1.3 for both JPA and EJB CMP. TopLink provides advanced object-relational mapping functionality beyond the JPA specification, as well as providing persistence for object-relational data-types, and Enterprise Information Systems (EIS/mainframes). TopLink includes sophisticated object caching and performance features. TopLink provides a Grid extension that integrate with Oracle Coherence. TopLink provides object-XML mapping support and provides a JAXB implementation and web service integration. TopLink provides a Service Data Object (SDO) implementation.

TopLink provides a rich user interface through the TopLink Mapping Workbench. The Mapping Workbench allows for graphical mapping of an object model to a data model, as allows for generation of a data model from an object model, and generation of an object model from a data model, and auto-mapping of an existing object and data model. The TopLink Mapping Workbench functionality is also integrated with Oracle's JDeveloper IDE.

TopLink contributed part of its source code to become the JPA 1.0 reference implementation under the Sun java.net Glassfish project. This open-source product is called TopLink Essentials, and despite a different package name (oracle.toplink.essentials) it is basically a branch of the source code of the TopLink product with some advanced functionality stripped out.

TopLink contributed practically its entire source code to the Eclipse Foundation EclipseLink product. This is an open source product currently in incubation that represents the path forward for TopLink. The package name is different (org.eclipse.persistence) but the source code it basically a branch of the TopLink 11g release. Oracle also contributed its Mapping Workbench source code to the project. The TopLink Mapping Workbench developers also were major contributors to the Eclipse Dali project for JPA support.

TopLink was first developed in Smalltalk and ported to Java in the 90's, and has over 15 years worth of object persistence solutions. TopLink originally provided a proprietary POJO persistence API, when EJB was first released TopLink provided one of the most popular EJB CMP implementations, although it continued to recommend its POJO solution. TopLink also provided a JDO 1.0 implementation for a few releases, but this was eventually deprecated and removed once the JPA specification had been formed. Oracle and TopLink have been involved in each of the EJB, JDO and EJB3/JPA expert groups, and Oracle was the co-lead for the EJB3/JPA specification.

 * Oracle TopLink Home
 * Oracle TopLink Documentation Home
 * Oracle TopLink Forum
 * Oracle TopLink Wiki

/Persistence Products

title: Java Persistence/TopLink


text:
Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Magic/Chimaera

Overview
A Chimaera is a rare Greek beast. It has the head of a lion, a goat's body, and dragon tail.

Extended Description
According to "Newt Scamander" in Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, the Chimaera is extremely dangerous and has only been successfully slain once. Their eggs are classified as Class A Non-Tradeable Goods.

In Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, Hagrid expresses his disdain for the Ministry of Magic guidelines by asking why anyone would rather study Knarls than Chimaeras. Hermione, reporting this to Harry and Ron, nervously comments that she doesn't think Hagrid has any Chimaeras stashed away for them to study.


text:
User:BartekChom

pl:Wikipedysta:BartekChom

title: User:BartekChom


text:
User talk:198.86.109.253

Urbane  (Talk)   (Contributions)  16:50, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:198.86.109.253


text:
Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Magic/Goblin

Overview
Goblins are an intelligent race who coexist with wizards. They are short with long, thin fingers and feet. Their diet consists of meat, roots and fungi. Goblins converse in a language known as Gobbledegook.

Extended Description
Goblins are adept metalsmiths, and are notable for their silverwork; they even mint coins for wizarding currency. Due to their skills with money and finances, they control the wizarding economy to a large extent and run Gringotts Wizarding Bank. They are represented by the Goblin Liaison Office of the Department for the Regulation and Control of Magical Creatures in the Ministry of Magic.

Throughout wizarding history there has been a dispute between wizards and goblins due to errors on both sides. Goblins can be bloodthirsty and cruel towards wizards and consider them to be arrogant while many wizards consider goblins inferior. Goblins have in the past, resenting the fact that they occupy positions as second-class citizens, resorted to violence in the form of rebellions and riots.

Goblins harbor very different feelings about ownership than wizards - they consider the true owner of an object to be its maker rather than its purchaser, whom they see as simply renting the object until their death, and resent the passing of goblin-made heirlooms through wizarding families without further payment. Goblins can use magic without the aid of a wand, although they are insulted by the refusal of wizards to allow them to use wands. In turn, goblins conceal the secrets of their own magic from wizards. Their weaponry and armor are nearly indestructible when created and have a very particular property. A goblin-made blade such as the Sword of Godric Gryffindor will accept and incorporate into itself any material which makes it stronger. For example, Gryffindor's sword imbibed basilisk venom in Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, enabling it to destroy Horcruxes in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows.

In some cases, a state of friendship exists between wizards and goblins (particularly Bill Weasley, who works as a Curse Breaker for Gringotts), and there have even been some instances of goblin-wizard interbreeding (Professor Flitwick has distant goblin ancestry, which likely accounts for his small size).

Analysis
The Goblins are portrayed in the series as being completely mercenary, interested only in gold and the work of their own artisans. Their loyalty does not come cheap, and at best is fleeting, lying as it seems to only with the main chance. Despite this, Harry does manage to enlist the help of Griphook in a mission to break in to a Gringotts vault.

Greater Picture
Goblins initially remain a neutral force in the fight between Voldemort and those who oppose him, claiming that it's "a wizard's war". Once Voldemort has consolidated his power, though, in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, he attempts to assert some control over Gringotts. This interference in Goblin affairs by "wandbearers" causes discontent in many, notably causing the Goblin Griphook to leave Gringotts.


text: Community Health Worker Manual/Print

title: Community Health Worker Manual/Print


text:
Cookbook:Easy Onion Chicken

 * American cuisine | Poultry

Ingredients

 * 1–1½ cups canned French-fried onions
 * 1 egg, beaten
 * 4 ea. (1–1½ pounds) boneless, skinless chicken breasts

Procedure

 * 1) Preheat oven to 400°F.
 * 2) Crush French-fried onions.
 * 3) Place beaten egg in medium wide bowl.
 * 4) Cut chicken breasts into halves.
 * 5) Dip chicken breasts in beaten egg.
 * 6) Roll or dredge chicken breasts in onions.
 * 7) Place on sprayed baking pan.
 * 8) Bake 20–25 minutes until chicken is done.

Notes, tips, and variations

 * An easy way to crush the onions is in a freezer strength plastic zip-closure bag, with a rolling pin. You can then just use the bag to coat the chicken breasts.

Warnings

 * Uncooked chicken should always be considered contaminated with Salmonella. Handle uncooked chicken as late as possible in preparation, and wash your hands for 30 seconds afterwards. By the same token, chicken should be cooked thoroughly, to an internal temperature of 165°F, or until the center is dry and all the pink is gone.

title: Cookbook:Easy Onion Chicken


text:
User talk:Isuck~enwikibooks

Urbane  (Talk)   (Contributions)  21:13, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Isuck. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Isuck~enwikibooks that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:14, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 05:03, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Isuck~enwikibooks


text:
User talk:Kmill56

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally. Urbane  (Talk)   (Contributions)  21:16, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

Copyright problem with Image:ETD Guide Title.jpg
Urbane  (Talk)   (Contributions)  21:16, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

Vfd notice

 * I have replied to your post on the VfD page on the thread discussing that book. --Panic 23:12, 5 October 2007 (UTC)

re: ETD Guide Violation
Hi Kmill56, Thanks for contacting me. I have left a comment on the vfd page about your book. I hope that page details everything you need to know, if not please don't hesitate to ask, we are more than happy to help. Urbane  (Talk)   (Contributions)
 * Did Mike.Lifeguards response on my talk page answer your question? Urbane   (Talk)   (Contributions)  14:48, 9 October 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Kmill56


text:
User talk:Kookandkik~enwikibooks

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Kookandkik. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Kookandkik~enwikibooks that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:20, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 05:10, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Kookandkik~enwikibooks


text:
User talk:190.3.79.230

Please stop adding nonsense to Wikibooks. It is considered vandalism. If you would like to experiment, use the sandbox. Thank you.

Xania talk 21:36, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:190.3.79.230


text:
User talk:198.163.212.17

Xania talk 21:38, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

Recent Edits
--ЗAНИA talk 18:27, 28 April 2014 (UTC)

title: User talk:198.163.212.17


text:
User talk:41.209.72.134

Xania talk 21:40, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:41.209.72.134


text:
User talk:82.198.250.4

This is your last warning. The next time you vandalize a page you will be blocked from editing Wikibooks.

Xania talk 21:42, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

September 2010
We welcome and appreciate your contributions, but your recent edits to A-level Applied Science/Finding out about substances/Colorimetry had to be undone. Please see What is Wikibooks? to learn more about what contributions are beneficial to Wikibooks. Please be aware that some edits can be considered vandalism, use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and read the welcome page to learn more about contributing constructively to this project. Thank you. – Adrignola talk 12:05, 14 September 2010 (UTC)

Blocked
You cannot edit for 3 days due to disruptive editing. You are welcome to contribute constructively when editing privileges are restored. You may appeal this action with a reasonable argument by adding the text below.

--ЗAНИA talk 21:10, 1 December 2011 (UTC)

title: User talk:82.198.250.4


text:
Java Programming/Annotations

Javadoc is the Java source code document generator and was introduced with the Java language from version 1.0. Well commented Java code is supposed to have Javadoc tags. Those tags are in the  comment blocks, so the compiler ignores them. A separate utility would read the code and create the Java API html files.

The Javadoc API documentations are well known. The Java JDK classes are coming with Javadoc API documentations. Most popular IDE tools automatically read Javadoc tags and wherever that class, attribute or method are used, the tags content are displayed automatically, when the mouse cursor is over the text.

As Java matured, the "Javadoc concept" was recognized as an excellent tool for other purposes, like generating XML descriptors, or even generating Java code, with the help of the XDoclet open source program.

With the help of the XDoclet program, it was possible to use additional Javadoc tags in the code that this program would understand and generate code or data. For example, Javadoc tags were introduced to generate XML descriptors for EJBs. It introduced an additional step in the build process of an EJB, and compiling the code XDoclet would generate the XML descriptors.

Recognizing its usefulness, in Java 5, annotation was added to the Java language. Annotation tags are NOT inside a comment block. An annotation is part of the class and it may be accessed at runtime.

Wherever XML descriptors were heavily used, now an alternative way is available that is the Java annotation. From EJB 3.0, it is possible to define EJBs without using XML. Also the new JPA (Java Persistent API) uses annotations.

It is important to note, that Javadoc and annotation are two different constructs.
 * Javadoc tags are inside a comment block and as such ignored by the compiler.
 * Annotation tags are outside of comment blocks and they are type checked by the compiler.

Programmation Java/Commentaires Java/Blocos e comentários de programação

title: Java Programming/Annotations


text:
Java Programming/Annotations/Introduction

= =

Introduction
In Java, an annotation is a language construct (introduced in J2SE 1.5) that provides a mechanism for including metadata directly in the source code.

Annotations can provide metadata for Java classes, attributes, and methods. Syntactically, annotations can be viewed as a special kind of modifier and can be used anywhere that other modifiers (such as, , or ) can be used.

One of the main forces of adding this feature to Java was the wide spread use of XML descriptors to add additional information, metadata, for Java classes. Frameworks like EJB, JSF, Spring, Hibernate were heavily using external XML descriptors. The problem of those external descriptors was that those files are out of reach of the Java compiler and for that reason compiler type checking could not be used. A small spelling mistake bug in a huge XML descriptor file is hard to locate and fix. On the other hand the Java annotations use the Java compiler type checking features so spelling mistakes in annotation names will be caught by the Java compiler.

In summary, annotations can be...
 * used as a source of information for the compiler;
 * made available for compile-time or deployment-time processing;
 * examined at runtime.


text:
Talk:XQuery/Sequence Diagrams

Need to shift the focus to the last step, so that with a long sequence diagram, the last event is in view. I guess we can set an anchor an use javascript to jump to it but not quite sure how to do the jump.

title: Talk:XQuery/Sequence Diagrams


text:
Java Programming/Annotations/Custom Annotations

Annotations can be viewed as a source of defining meta-data for a piece of code in Java. The annotation  used in the following sections does not come as a part of the Java API.

Annotation Type Declaration
Before you can use an annotation with classes, theirs members and statements or expressions, you need to define an annotation type. Following is the syntax on how to define a type for the mentioned annotation.

That's it! Our first ever annotation has been defined. Now, we can use it with any of our classes. An annotation definition if you look closely resembles the definition of a normal interface, except that the  keyword is preceded by the   character. Some refer to this syntactical declaration as the annotation type declaration due to the fact that @ is 'AT' or 'Annotation Type' for that very instance.

Annotation Element Declarations
What look like methods in the body of the annotation definition are called annotation element declarations. These are the named entities that we used with the annotation body in the example in the previous section. However, for the sake of clarity, code below also represents the calling of the following annotation:

Using a default value
Now, for instance, you want the annotation to know that if no value for the  element is present, then it should use a default value. Declaring a default value would be done the following way.

So, now if you use the same code again, you can ignore the  element because you know that the value is to be provided by default.


text:
Java Programming/Annotations/Compiler and Annotations

Annotations can be used by the compiler to carry out certain directives. Much that you'd love programming in Java, you probably would have been fussed about compiler warnings. Compiler warnings are not necessarily errors but are warnings that tell you the code might malfunction because of some reason.

Taming the compiler
You can issue directive to the compiler in the shape of three pre-defined annotation to tell it what sort of pre-processing a certain bit of code requires. The three annotations are:

is used to flag that a method or class should no longer be used, normally because a better alternative exists. Compilers and IDEs typically raise a warning if deprecated code is invoked from non deprecated code.

flags that a method overrides a method in a superclass. If there is no overridden method, a compile error should occur.

SuppressWarnings tells the compiler not to report on some, or all, types of warnings. It can be applied to a type, a method or a variable.


text:
User talk:69.182.55.116

This is your last warning. The next time you vandalize a page you will be blocked from editing Wikibooks.

Xania talk 23:06, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:69.182.55.116


text:
User talk:FewEditsToday

Welcome message
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Good luck! --Panic 23:11, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:FewEditsToday


text:
User talk:Slboyd1984

Welcome message
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Good luck! --Panic 23:12, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Slboyd1984


text:
User talk:Bonifasiusrjt

Welcome message
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Good luck! --Panic 23:17, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Bonifasiusrjt


text:
Talk:LaTeX/Source Code Listings

Activating automatic line breaking of long lines
To my mind there is a quite useful command worth to mention: --Escalator (discuss • contribs) 17:00, 5 March 2012 (UTC)
 * Done by someone. --Ambrevar (discuss • contribs) 20:47, 5 January 2013 (UTC)

string spaces
From the text it seems showstringspaces and showspaces do actually the same. Do they? --85.58.62.182 23:17, 27 September 2007 (UTC)
 * I clarified the statement. --Ambrevar (discuss • contribs) 20:47, 5 January 2013 (UTC)

Missing Comma in Code
breakatwhitespace=false,       % sets if automatic breaks should only happen at whitespace title=\lstname,                % show the filename of files included with \lstinputlisting; also try caption instead of title escapeinside={\%*}{*)}         % if you want to add a comment within your code    morekeywords={*,...}            % if you want to add more keywords to the set  }

I claim that the end of the line starting with escapeinside requires a comma, like the previous lines. 75.41.255.94 (talk) 01:00, 27 June 2010 (UTC)
 * Done by someone. --Ambrevar (discuss • contribs) 20:47, 5 January 2013 (UTC)

not handling UTF input
It should be mentioned in the article that the listings package does not handle multi-byte character encodings, like UTF-8.

 * I added some details on this issue. --Ambrevar (discuss • contribs) 20:47, 5 January 2013 (UTC)

Line numbers
I would appreciate it if somebody added informations on how to enable line numbers.

 * My example was wrong, I fixed it. I added the possible parameters to the option. Just use  to display numbers. You might want to use  too. --Ambrevar (discuss • contribs) 18:45, 10 January 2013 (UTC)

multiple use of \lstinputlisting[language=Prolog]{file}
Propably Im missing something, but somehow this wont work for me.

\(\Huge\color{green}{Pie!})\

Listings not outdated
I can see that the last update to listings was done in 2023.

Also, if a package does not get updated, this could mean that it just functions properly. I would use arguments like "it has many bugs, which have not been resolved for ages" (of course, if it is true and if they are really important), or "it lacks these and those modern features".

According to most recent StackExchange statistics, listings has 3485 questions, while minted has 999 questions.

It could mean that listings is in fact more popular than minted, but it could be also because of different reasons.

Yaroslav Nikitenko (discuss • contribs) 10:47, 14 November 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:LaTeX/Source Code Listings


text:
User talk:Supreeth kuthyar

Welcome message
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Good luck! --Panic 23:17, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Supreeth kuthyar


text:
User talk:Jonathan Kovaciny~enwikibooks

Welcome message
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Good luck! --Panic 23:19, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Jonathan Kovaciny. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Jonathan Kovaciny~enwikibooks that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:17, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 05:05, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jonathan Kovaciny~enwikibooks


text:
User talk:Frozen dude

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Good luck! --Panic 23:18, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Frozen dude


text:
User talk:Shahnaz vu

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Good luck! --Panic 23:18, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Shahnaz vu


text: User:FewEditsToday

title: User:FewEditsToday


text:
Radiation Oncology/CNS/Sphenopalatine neuralgia

Sphenopalatine Neuralgia

 * Rare craniofacial pain syndrome, also known as Sluder's Neuralgia
 * Characterized by unilateral pain in the orbit, mouth, nose, and posterior mastoid process.
 * Also associated increased autonomic activity resulting in ipsilateral nasal drainage, eye irritation, and lacrimation
 * May be caused by irritation of the pterygopalatine ganglion, possibly secondary to infection
 * Typically female 2:1 male predominance

 * Pittsburgh; 1997 PMID 9285614 -- "Stereotactic radiosurgical treatment of sphenopalatine neuralgia. Case report." (Pollock BE, J Neurosurg. 1997 Sep;87(3):450-3.)
 * Case report. SRS 45 Gy to 50% isodose line. Pain free x8 months
 * Recurrence 50% pain at 17 months, retreated with 40 Gy to 50% isodose line, and pain-free at 7 month follow-up


text:
Wikijunior:Visual Math

-

5 5 5 5 5 _  _ ]]
 * [[/form numbers up to 5/|
 * /length of an object/
 * /choose how many up to 5/
 * /match very simple patterns 1/
 * /counting to 10/
 * /recognize equal sign/
 * /see equal to up to 5/
 * /recognize greater than sign/
 * /see more than up to 5/
 * /recognize less than sign/
 * /see less than up to 5/
 * /extend very simple patterns 1/
 * /morning afternoon and night/
 * /evaluate more and less (large differences)/
 * /identify circle and square/
 * /compare length of object with reference object/
 * /add up to 10 with objects/
 * /addition up to 10 with numbers/
 * /shorter and taller/
 * /estimation strategies to 10 (grouping)/
 * /estimate number of objects to 10/
 * /sort objects by attribute/
 * /identify objects that do not belong/
 * /night and day/
 * /recognize time symbol/
 * /seconds and minutes/
 * /heavier and lighter/
 * /today, yesterday, tomorrow/
 * /see clock/
 * /identify the time of everyday events/
 * /identify geometric features of common objects/

title: Wikijunior:Visual Math


text:
Wikijunior:Visual Math/About

Wikijunior Visual Math is an attempt to create a language-independent elementary math textbook. Modules will present math concepts using only numbers and pictures.

title: Wikijunior:Visual Math/About


text:
User talk:Paytonia

Welcome message
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Good luck! --Panic 00:47, 28 September 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Paytonia


text:
User talk:24.91.221.62

Regarding edits made during September 28 2007
If this is an IP address, and it is shared by multiple users, ignore this warning if you did not make any unconstructive edits. Az1568(Talk) 01:21, 28 September 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:24.91.221.62


text:
Radiation Oncology/CNS/Cluster Headaches

Chronic Cluster Headaches

 * Sudden onset of unilateral pain, typically originating around the eyes, temple, cheek, and forehead. Typically along the V1 division of the trigeminal nerve
 * Frequently with concurrent ipsilateral autonomic activity, resulting in ptosis, miosis, lacrimation, conjunctival injection, rhinorrhea, and nasal congestion
 * Epidemiology
 * Prevalence of cluster headaches is estimated at 0.2%; incidence at 2-10/100,000
 * ~10% develop chronic cluster headaches (remissions 1 year)
 * ~20& of CCH patients are highly refractory to medical treatment
 * Male 6:1 female predominance
 * Mean age of onset 30 years
 * Seasonal predilection for spring and fall
 * Increased incidence in monozygotic twins; 14x risk in first-degree relative and 2x risk in second-degree relative suggests role for genetic factors
 * Pathophysiology is not clear, but clinical presentation and functional imaging suggests central origin, with posterior hypothalamic hyperactivity. However, the pterygopalatine ganglion may also be involved, due to confluence of multiple nerve fibers passing through
 * Multiple surgical modalities (e.g. surgical sectioning of various nerves, MVD, deep brain stimulation, etc) have been explored, but all involved potential complications from surgery
 * Deep brain stimulation has proven to effective in both reducing pain and increasing efficacy of pain medications
 * Gamma Knife treatment targeting trigeminal nerve has not been successful, and has had much higher rate of side effects than same protocol used safely for trigeminal neuralgia. It is not clear whether the trigeminal nerve is more sensitive to RT in cluster headaches or more resistant to RT in trigeminal neuralgia
 * A single case report from Stanford suggest targeting the pterygopalatine ganglion at a lower dose might be efficacious

 * Stanford; 2007 PMID 17327771 -- "Cyberknife targeting the pterygopalatine ganglion for the treatment of chronic cluster headaches." (Lad SP, Neurosurgery. 2007 Mar;60(3):E580-1; discussioin E581.)
 * Case report. SRS targert to pterygopalatine ganglion; 45.5 Gy to 78% isodose line (Dmax 65 Gy)
 * Outcome: Good pain control

 * Minnesota; 2006 (1997-2001) PMID 17277688 -- "Long-term results of radiosurgery for refractory cluster headache." (McClelland S, Neurosurgery. 2006 Dec;59(6):1258-62; discussion 1262-3.)
 * Retrospective. 10 patients with refractory CH. GKS 75 Gy at 100% isodose to most proximal part of trigeminal nerve, with 50% isodose line outside brain stem. Median F/U 3.3 years
 * Outcome: pain relief fair in 1/10 and poor in 9/10 patients.
 * Toxicity: 50% facial numbness
 * Conclusion: no sustained pain relief when targetting TN

 * Marseille
 * Prospective trial. 10 patients. GKS target cisternal segment of trigeminal nerve. Dmax 80-85 Gy. Brainstem dose 4-11.1 Gy.
 * 2006 PMID 17277687 -- "Trigeminal nerve radiosurgical treatment in intractable chronic cluster headache: unexpected high toxicity." (Donnet A, Neurosurgery. 2006 Dec;59(6):1252-7; discussion 1257.) Median F/U 3 years
 * Outcome: 2/10 CR, 1/10 good result, 7/10 no improvement.
 * Toxicity: 90% disturbances (3/10 paresthesia, 6 hypoesthesia including 2 deafferentation pain)
 * Conclusion: High rate of toxicity and failure, despite same methodology ast TN. Do not recommend for intractable CCH
 * 2005 PMID 15654036 -- "Gamma knife treatment for refractory cluster headache: prospective open trial." (Donnet A, J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005 Feb;76(2):218-21.) Mean F/U 1 year
 * Outcome: 3/10 patients no pain, 3/10 patients few attacks, 4/10 no improvement
 * Toxicity: 50% injury (3/10 paresthesia, 1/10 hypoaesthesia, 1/10 deafferentation pain)
 * Conclusion: Rate and severity of nerve injury unexpectedly high; procedure less attractive

 * Ford Headache Clinic; 1998 (Alabama) PMID 9504996 -- "Gamma knife treatment of refractory cluster headache." (Ford RG, Headache. 1998 Jan;38(1):3-9.)
 * Case report. 6 patients. Dmax 70 Gy to CNV entry zone. Follow up 8-14 months
 * Outcome: 4/6 excellent relief, 1/6 good relief, 1/6 fair relief
 * Toxicity: none
 * Conclusion: GKS affords great promise with negligible risk


text:
User:Jlenthe

Sandbox
= Network Programming with Sockets =

The .NET class library provides a rich set of APIs for performing general network programming. Relevant classes can be found in the System.Net and System.Net.Sockets namespaces. The Socket class is the primary work horse for sending and receiving data for both connection-oriented and connection-less communication. The NetworkStream class provides the ability to read and write from a socket using an I/O stream interface. The TcpClient, TcpListener, and UdpClient classes provide more simplified interfaces which are often adequate for common tasks. For working with hostnames and IP addresses, the Dns and IPAddress classes are useful. The IPEndPoint classes combines an IPAddress and a port number to represent a destination for transmitted data.

Working with Network Addresses
This chapter will first discuss the APIs available for working with network addresses as these will be useful in most of the remaining code examples.

Hostname to IP address mapping (and vice versa) is accesses through the Dns class. This class has methods for returning lists of IP addresses given a host name or returning host names given an IP address. IPv4 and IPv6 addresses are both supported. The class also provides a method for returning host entries given a string that may be either an IP address or a host name.

Connectionless Communication with UDP
The UDP (User Datagram Protocol) provides a connectionless datagram-oriented communication system without guarenteed delivery or guarenteed recept order. It is often a faster protocol than connection-oriented protocols since there is generally less overhead and is useful for applications where an occasional missed message does not render an application unusable. The UDP protocol is supported in the .NET class library through the both the Socket class and the UdpClient class. The UDPClient class provides a simpler interface, while the Socket class supports all UDP capabilities available in the .NET class library.

The model for a UDP application involves a participant creating a Socket bound to a particular local port (and a particular local IP address if the local host is multi-homed). After the Socket is bound it can be used to send or receive chunks of data called datagrams. Both blocking and asynchronous APIs are available for both reading and writing. Write operations must specify a remote end point to receive the data. Read operations can select a particular remote end point to receive data from or can specify that data will be read from any sender. Blocking writes return once the data has been placed on a local network. Blocking reads block until data is available to return to the caller. Asynchronous reads and writes return to the caller immediately and a specified call back is called by the .NET framework when the requested operation is complete.

Connection-Oriented Communication with TCP
The TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) provides a reliable connection-oriented communication system. In this paradigm, streams of information flow between two end points. All bytes are received in the order that they were sent. The connection-oriented nature means that a connection must be established before communication can occur, and if one end point breaks the connection (e.g. closes communication, crashes, etc) the other end point will know.

The model for TCP communication involves a server process creating a socket bound to a specific port, then setting the socket to listening mode. The server can then either poll the socket to see if any connections are ready to be accepted or can enter a blocking call that only returns when a new connection has been received. The act of accepting a connection creates a new socket for communications to occur between the client and the server. This new socket is bound to a different port on the server than the listening socket, and so multiple connection can be serviced simultaneously by the server application. Typically after communications have occurred, the server will close the socket over which client server communications are occurring. When the server wishes to stop accepting new connections, it can close the original listening socket.

A TCP client application will first create a socket (usually bound to an arbitrary local port) and use the socket to connect to an end point where it expects to receive services from. If the connection is successfully established communication can occur over the socket. The client can at anytime and thereafter any server read or write operations will result in an exception being thrown.

Multicast Communication with UDP
All the communication systems discussed so far involve two specific end points. Multicast communication involves communication among a group of processes and is supported by the UDP protocol in the .NET class library. Multicast communication systems may require sophisticated coordination algorithms. This chapter will focus only on the mechanics of sending and receiving multicast data and not coordination algorithms.

The UdpClient class may be useful when there will be only one member of the multicast group per host. Often, this is not a valid assumption (particularly when there is a desire to develop or test software with both a provider and a consumer of information running on the same host).

title: User:Jlenthe


text:
Talk:Corps-Style Marching/Technique/Principles

Just so I'm sure
I'm guessing by Corps-Style marching, you mean the glide-step or roll-step? If so, I'm going to be contributing a whole lot to this book. Please reply asap


text:
Corps-Style Marching/Parade/The Block

The Block, or "Basic Block" is the standard and most basic way in which a group of people (especially a Marching Band or similar ensemble) march during a parade. The Block may consist of a variable amount of rows or columns as long as it maintains its rectangular grid, shape, with the exception of when the group of marchers makes a turn.

Maintaining the Block Formation
The Block formation is maintained by each marcher "dressing" his or her column, row, and diagonal. In other words, all marchers must make sure that the column and row they are in form straight lines and that there is a diagonal line is formed with marchers in the rows ahead of them.

Straight Columns
In order to keep each column straight, each marcher in the Block should aim to place themselves in a position in which the only person in their column whom is visible is the person directly in front of them. If a marcher can see every person in his or her column, the marcher knows he or she is out of place and must reposition him/herself.

Straight Rows
Each row in the Block must be as straight as possible. This is achieved by each marcher in a row using his or her peripheral vision to align themselves with each other.

Correct Diagonals
Diagonals play a major part in perfecting the Block. Diagonals create a pleasing geometric form by making each row and column have even spacing with each other. To understand how this is done, imagine that each marcher is a point on a coordinate plane. On this coordinate plane, each marcher should form a diagonal line which has a 1/1 ratio.

title: Corps-Style Marching/Parade/The Block


text:
Talk:Corps-Style Marching/Parade/The Block

Page Started
I just began this page, more to come soon but I am very tired and need to wake up early tomorrow morning. Further editing of this page will continue soon.


text:
Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Characters/Miriam Strout

Overview
Miriam Strout is a motherly-looking Healer who works in a long-term resident's ward for spell damage (the James Thickey ward) at St. Mungo's.

Order of the Phoenix
We first meet Miriam Strout when Harry, Ron, Hermione, and Ginny happen to run into Gilderoy Lockhart at St. Mungo's. He has temporarily escaped the locked ward where he usually lives, and although she is not named in this section, Miriam Strout is the one who rounds Gilderoy back up and takes him back to his ward. Her cheerful assumption that the four friends are there to visit with Lockhart results in the four of them spending some time visiting. In the course of this visit, they see Miriam distributing gifts; Broderick Bode receives a potted plant, among other items. This also leads to Hermione, Ron, and Ginny becoming aware of the plight of Neville Longbottom's parents, who are there on the ward as well.

A short news article in the Daily Prophet tells how Broderick Bode was killed by a potted plant. He had been encouraged to tend it himself, and it had turned out to be Devil's Snare. The healer in charge of the ward, Miriam Strout, could not explain how it had gotten past Hospital security, and was on paid leave until the investigation was complete.

Analysis
We can see that much healing in the Wizarding world is done by means of plants and plant extracts; note the reliance on the healing powers of Dittany in the sixth and seventh books, along with the description of the uses of Bubotubers and Mandrake root. As such, it is a safe assumption that Miriam Strout, as a trained Healer, should have been able to recognize the potted plant as Devil's Snare. Why she doesn't recognize it is never completely explained.

Greater Picture
We will later find out that Bode had received his spell damage several months earlier, while under the Imperius charm, carrying out the orders of Lucius Malfoy. By the time we see him, his condition has already improved, to the point that the Death Eaters must be beginning to be worried that he might sufficiently regain his faculties to explain what he was doing in the Hall of Prophecies and why. Thus, by this time it was becoming necessary to end Bode's life. It is possible that Miriam Strout had been placed under the Imperius Curse, or perhaps had simply been Confunded, to ensure that the plant reached its victim and remained there; it is not likely that Death Eaters would leave something that important to chance.


text:
User:Snuffleupagus~enwikibooks

I'm I live in a cave just off of Sesame Street.

title: User:Snuffleupagus~enwikibooks


text:
User talk:Snuffleupagus~enwikibooks

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally.

Some of your edits seem a little strange. If you are lost or if you need help, let me know. --Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 04:06, 28 September 2007 (UTC)
 * I'm scaring people out of bed. That's what I'm doing. —Snuffleupagus 04:07, 28 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Well, it's an admirable goal to be sure, but I dont think it will be appreciated. I dont want to see you get in trouble over something so simple. --Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 04:09, 28 September 2007 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Snuffleupagus. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Snuffleupagus~enwikibooks that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:42, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 05:30, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Snuffleupagus~enwikibooks


text:
Famous Theorems of Mathematics/Algebra/Matrix Theory

An m×n matrix M is a function $$M:A\rightarrow F$$ where A = {1,2...m} × {1,2...n} and F is the field under consideration.

An m×n matrix (read as m by n matrix), is usually written as:

 * $$A=\left(\begin{matrix}

a_{11}&a_{12}&\cdots&a_{1n}\\ a_{21}&a_{22}&\cdots&a_{2n}\\ \vdots&\vdots&\ddots&\vdots\\ a_{m1}&a_{m2}&\cdots&a_{mn} \end{matrix}\right)$$

For other related definitions please see this link.

Basic Proofs
1. The set of all m×n matrices forms an abelian group under matrix addition.

 * Proof: Clearly the sum of two m×n matrices is another m×n matrix. If A and B are two matrices of equal order then working with their (i,j)th entries we have $$(A+B)_{i,j}=(A_{i,j})+(B_{i,j})=(B_{i,j})+(A_{i,j})=(B+A)_{i,j}$$ which proves A+B = B+A i.e. commutativity. For associativity we proceed similarly so that A + (B + C) = (A + B) + C. Also the m×n matrix with all entries zero is the additive identity. For every matrix A, the matrix -A whose (i,j)th entry is $$-A_{i,j}$$ is the inverse. So matrices of same order form an abelian group under addition.

2. Scalar Multiplication has the following properties:
 * 1. Left distributivity: (α+β)A = αA+βA.
 * 2. Right distributivity: α(A+B) = αA+αB.
 * 3. Associativity: (αβ)A=α(βA)).
 * 4. 1A = A.
 * 5. 0A= 0.
 * 6. (-1)A = -A.

 * (0,1,-1,α & β are scalars; A & B are matrices of equal order, 0 is the zero matrix.)

 * Proof: Start with the left hand side of (1). We will work with the (i,j)th entries. Clearly $$((\alpha+\beta)A)_{i,j}=(\alpha+\beta)\cdot A_{i,j}=(\alpha A)_{i,j}+(\beta A)_{i,j}$$ and so (1) is proved. Similarly (2) can be proved. Associativity follows as $$((\alpha \beta)A)_{i,j}=(\alpha \beta)\cdot A_{i,j}=\alpha(\beta A_{i,j})$$. (4), (5) and (6) follow directly from the definition.

3. Matrix multiplication has the following properties:
 * 1. Associativity: A(BC) = (AB)C.
 * 2. Left distributivity: A(B+C) = AB+AC.
 * 3. Right distributivity: (A+B)C = AC+BC.
 * 4. IA = A = AI.
 * 5. α(BC) = (αB)C = B(αC).

 * (α is a scalar; A, B & C are matrices, I is the identity matrix. A,B,C & I are of orders m×n, n×p, p×r & m×m respectively.)

 * Proof: We work with the (i,j)th entries and prove (1) only. The proofs for the rest are similar. Now $$(A(BC))_{i,j}=\sum_{k=1}^n A_{i,k}(BC)_{k,j}=\sum_{k=1}^n A_{i,k}\Big( \sum_{l=1}^p B_{k,l}C_{l,j}\Big)=\sum_{k=1}^n \sum_{l=1}^p A_{i,k}B_{k,l}C_{l,j}$$ and also $$((AB)C)_{i,j}=\sum_{l=1}^p (AB)_{i,l}C_{l,j}=\sum_{l=1}^p \Big( \sum_{k=1}^n A_{i,k}B_{k,l}\Big) C_{l,j}=\sum_{k=1}^n \sum_{l=1}^p A_{i,k}B_{k,l}C_{l,j}$$ so that (i,j)th entries on the two sides are equal.

4. ''Let A and B be m×n matrices. Then:''
 * (i) $$(kA)^T$$ = $$kA^T$$
 * (ii) $$(A+B)^T = A^T + B^T$$
 * (iii) $$(AB)^T = B^TA^T$$

 * Sketch of Proof: Work with the (i,j) entries as in the previous proofs.

5. Any system of linear equations has either no solution, exactly one solution or infinitely many solutions.

 * Proof: Suppose a linear system Ax = b has two different solutions given by X and Y. Then let Z = X - Y. Clearly Z is non zero and A(X + kZ) = AX + kAZ = b + k(AX - AY) = b + k(b - b) = b so that X + kZ is a solution to the system for every possible value of k. Since k can assume infinitely many values so clearly we have an infinite number of solutions.

6. Any triangular matrix A satisfying $$AA^T = A^TA$$ is a diagonal matrix.

 * Proof: Suppose A is lower triangular. Now the (i,i)th entry of $$AA^T$$ is given by $$\sum_{k=1}^n (A_{i,k})(A^T_{k,i})= \sum_{k=1}^n (A_{i,k})(A_{i,k}) = \sum_{k=1}^n (A_{i,k}^2) = \sum_{k=1}^i (A_{i,k}^2)$$. Also the (i,i)th entry of $$A^TA$$ is given by $$\sum_{k=1}^n (A^T_{i,k})(A_{k,i}) = \sum_{k=1}^n (A_{k,i})(A_{k,i}) = \sum_{k=1}^n (A_{k,i}^2) = \sum_{k=i}^n (A_{k,i}^2)$$. Now as $$AA^T = A^TA$$ so $$\sum_{k=1}^i (A_{i,k}^2) = \sum_{k=i}^n (A_{k,i}^2)$$ and as $$A_{i,i}^2$$ can be subtracted from the two sides we are left with $$\sum_{k=1}^{i-1} (A_{i,k}^2) = \sum_{k=i+1}^n (A_{k,i}^2)$$.

Now if i = 1 then we have $$0 = A_{2,1}^2 + A_{3,1}^2 \cdots A_{n,1}^2 $$ which gives us $$A_{2,1}=A_{3,1}\cdots A_{n,1}=0$$. Similarly for i =2 we have $$ 0 = A_{2,1}^2 = A_{3,2}^2 + A_{4,2}^2 \cdots A_{n,2}^2 $$ so that $$A_{3,2}=A_{4,2}\cdots A_{n,2}=0$$. It is now clear that in this fashion all non diagonal entries of A can be shown to be zero. The proof for an upper triangular matrix is similar.


text:
SwisTrack/Developers/Setting up a development environment/Windows

= Visual Studio =

Prerequisites
You need the following programs and libraries:

 * Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 or 2008 (the source comes with VS 2005/2008 solutions)
 * Subversion (command line interface), or TortoiseSVN (graphical user interface)
 * Intel Open Source Computer Vision Library (OpenCV)
 * wxWidgets

The following libraries are optional and only necessary if you want to use the corresponding cameras:
 * Basler Pylon driver
 * Firewire camera driver

Installing OpenCV
Download OpenCV 1.0 and install it using the provided installer in C:\Program Files\OpenCV. After the installation, you need to add OpenCV's bin directory to your PATH variable: Alternatively the OpenCV-2.2.0 installer lets you chose to add OpenCV to your PATH for yourself or for all users.
 * Open the Control Panel and double-click the icon System.
 * Choose the Advanced tab.
 * Click on Environment Variables
 * Select Path from the System variables and click Edit
 * Verify that the path contains C:\Program Files\OpenCV\bin; in front of the text and click OK.

Installing wxWidgets
Download wxWidgets 2.8.4 and install it in C:\Program Files\wxWidgets. (Note that this is not the default location, so you have to explicitly tell the installer to put the files in this folder.) Open C:\Program Files\wxWidgets\build\msw\wx.dsw with Visual Studio and compile it (Build - Build Solution F7). By default, wxWidgets is built in debug mode, with the Solution Configuration called "Debug". You may want to build both "Debug" and "Release".

Installing Optional Libraries
If you have a Basler Gbit or FireWire camera, install the Pylon driver in C:\Program Files\Basler.

If you have a FireWire camera, install the 1394camera driver in C:\Program Files\1394camera.

Mounting the L: Drive
The build process for SwisTrack is configured to look for libraries on the L: drive. This allows you to install the libraries wherever you want (we suggested C:\Program Files here), and map this folder as L: as follows: You can also create a shortcut with this command on your desktop.
 * Choose Run... from the Windows Start menu.
 * Type subst L: "C:\Program Files" and click OK.

Checking out the latest SVN Tree
Check out the latest SVN tree from the following location:

https://swistrack.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/swistrack

Compiling and Launching
From the checked out SVN tree, open code/Visual Studio/SwisTrack.sln. Select the solution configuration Debug and compile it (Build - Build Solution F7). Visual Studio will now compile libtsai (with a few warnings), SwisTrack-Core and SwisTrack-GUI. The final executable is stored as SwisTrackEnvironment/SwisTrack - Debug.exe.

If you are using a Gbit or a FireWire camera, use the solution configuration Debug - Gbit camera resp. Debug - FireWire camera. Note that these configurations require the corresponding drivers to be installed.

For each debug configuration, there is a corresponding release configuration which builds SwisTrack with optimizations and without debug information.

Error with OLE
Perhaps, you can get a wxWidgets error containing "Error: Cannot initialize OLE". It is not problematic, but you can remove this error by removing OLE in wxWidgets. Other components need also to be changed. This modifications have to be done in the file include/wx/msw/setup.h. Set wxUSE_DRAG_AND_DROP, wxUSE_CLIPBOARD, wxUSE_OLE and wxUSE_OLE_AUTOMATION to 0 (instead of 1). Then (re)compile wxWidgets.

= Cygwin =

Prerequisite
This section just describes the differences with the Visual Studio. You need the following programs and libraries:

 * Cygwin
 * Subversion (command line interface), or TortoiseSVN (graphical user interface)
 * Intel Open Source Computer Vision Library (OpenCV)
 * wxWidgets

wxWidgets
A description about how to compile wxWidgets with cygwin can be found here

Error with OLE
Like for Visual, you can disable OLE support, using configure with the --disable-ole --disable-clipboard --diable-dnd options.

e.g. ./configure --with-msw --disable-shared --disable-ole --disable-clipboard --diable-dnd

OpenCV
Install OpenCV package on your computer and then follow this page.

Compilation
You just have to modify the Makefile.inc file (root directory) to suit your installation. Here are the lines, modify them according to your installation:

OPENCV_CPPFLAGS   := -I/usr/local/include/opencv

OPENCV_LDLIBS     := -lcxcore -lcv -lhighgui -lcvaux -lml

WXWIDGETS_CPPFLAGS := `/cygdrive/l/wxWidgets/wx-config --version=2.8 --cppflags`

WXWIDGETS_LDLIBS  := `/cygdrive/l/wxWidgets/wx-config --version=2.8 --libs`

Then you can use the make cygwin command to compile the whole project.


text:
SwisTrack/Developers/Setting up a development environment/Linux

Prerequisites
You need the following programs and libraries:

 * Subversion (SVN)
 * Intel Open Source Computer Vision Library OpenCV
 * wxWidgets

The following libraries are optional and only necessary if you want to use the corresponding cameras:
 * Basler Pylon driver
 * Firewire camera driver

Ubuntu 12.04 and later
Install Subversion sudo apt-get install subversion

Install wxWidgets: sudo apt-get install libwxgtk3.0-dev

Install OpenCV2: sudo apt-get install libopencv-dev

Checkout the trunk of the svn repository: svn checkout svn://svn.code.sf.net/p/swistrack/code/trunk

Compile: cd trunk make

Run: cd SwisTrackEnvironment ./SwisTrack

Ubuntu 8.04
On Ubuntu 8.04, it should be enough to install the packages
 * libwxgtk2.8-dev (wxWidgets)
 * libhighgui-dev (OpenCV)
 * libcvaux-dev (OpenCV)

Use Synaptic Packet Manager or type sudo apt-get install libwxgtk2.8-dev sudo apt-get install libhighgui-dev libcvaux-dev on the terminal to install these packages.

Other distributions
If your distribution does not provide a package, you can compile and install these libraries manually.

Manually Installing OpenCV
Download the OpenCV 1.0 sources [ http://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary/files/opencv-unix/1.0/ ]and compile and install them: tar xfz opencv-1.0.0.tar.gz cd opencv-1.0.0 ./configure --prefix=/usr make sudo make install For detailed installation instructions, check out the INSTALL file.

Note that the current SwisTrack Makefile expects OpenCV to be installed with the prefix /usr. If you install it elsewhere, do not forget to modify the INCL_DIRS line in the Makefile appropriately.

When installing OpenCV 1.0 in newer Ubuntu distributions you may find the following issues:

1) Error message: ../../cxcore/include/cxmisc.h:133:6: error: #elif with no expression To fix it, change line 133 in cxmisc.h from #elif to #else.

2) Error message: ../../../otherlibs/highgui/.libs/libhighgui.so: undefined reference to `cvCaptureFromCAM_V4L(int)' To fix it, add #define HAVE_CAMV4L after line 24 in cvconfig.h

3) Error message: cvcap_v4l.cpp:208:28: fatal error: linux/videodev.h: No such file or directory To fix it, install libv4l-dev and link to it with the following commands: sudo apt-get install libv4l-dev sudo ln -s /usr/include/libv4l1-videodev.h /usr/include/linux/videodev.h

Manually Installing wxWidgets
Download the wxWidgets 2.8.8 sources (either wxGTK or wxAll) [ http://sourceforge.net/projects/wxwindows/files/wxAll/2.8.8/ ] and compile and install them. tar xfz wxWidgets-2.8.8.tar.gz cd wxWidgets-2.8.8 ./configure make sudo make install You are free to change the prefix here, as SwisTrack uses 'wx-config' to locate wxWidgets.

Installing Optional Libraries
If you have a FireWire camera, install the 1394camera driver.

Installing OpenCV legacy packages
Depending on the opencv version installed in your system, you may also need to install the OpenCV legacy packages. In that case, run the following command:

sudo apt-get install libcv-dev libhighgui-dev libcvaux-dev libcv2.3 libcvaux2.3 libhighgui2.3

Library Paths
Depending on your system configuration, SwisTrack will complain about missing libraries. You may see error messages like this:

./SwisTrack: error while loading shared libraries: libwx_gtk2_aui-2.8.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No suchfile or directory

In this case, you need to set your LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable to point to the directory where these libraries are installed. If you are using a bash shell, this can be achieved as follows:

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

On Ubuntu 10.10 the following is required : and create a dynamic link on the cvaux libs :   in /usr/lib/


text:
Circuit Idea/Formulas

<<< contents - hidden ideas - hide ideas - kill ideas - page stage >>

Why Formulas Cannot Explain Circuits

A tip: Understand, explain and invent circuits by qualitative means; compute circuits by quantitative means.

$$ \begin{align} \\ \frac {\frac{R_G \cdot R_F}{R_G + R_F} \cdot \left(\frac{R_G \cdot R_{i3}}{R_G + R_{i3}} + R_F\right)} {\frac{R_G \cdot R_{i3}}{R_G + R_{i3}} \cdot \left(\frac{R_G \cdot R_F}{R_G + R_F} + R_{i3}\right)} = -G_3 \\ \\ \frac {\frac{\cancel{R_G} \cdot R_F}{\cancel{R_G + R_F}} \cdot \frac{\cancel{R_G \cdot R_{i3} + R_G \cdot R_F + R_F \cdot R_{i3}}}{\cancel{R_G + R_{i3}}}} {\frac{\cancel{R_G} \cdot R_{i3}}{\cancel{R_G + R_{i3}}} \cdot \frac{\cancel{R_G \cdot R_F + R_G \cdot R_{i3}}}{\cancel{R_G + R_F}}} = -G_3 \\ {} \end{align} $$ What can and what cannot formulas?

Formulas reign in electronics
Formal approach reigning in technical education and publishing is based on formal analysis of ready-made circuit solutions. If we turn over the pages of classical books on analog electronics, we will find out formulas, definitions and formal analyses. By means of these quantitative means authors try to explain qualitative things. Similarly, if we peek into classrooms, we will see how lecturers juggle skillfully with formal methods trying to explain without success circuit phenomena.

In this story, we will try to find out the answers to the questions, "What can and what cannot formulas do? When do we use them and when not? Where do we place them?" We will illustrate our assertions by some examples written in italic.

What formulas can do
Math is an excellent tool for analyzing circuits as it

 * helps us to define the magnitudes of the component parameters - resistance, capacitance, etc.,

 * reveals the relationship between the electrical attributes inside a circuit; thus, it helps us to define the magnitudes of electrical attributes in any circuit point including inputs and outputs,

 * enables us to analyze unfamiliar circuits without requiring scrutinizing about circuit operation,

 * can present the essential data about circuits in a compact and suitable for manipulation form.

In addition, math gives an excellent opportunity:) for poor university lecturers having no technical sense, abilities and vocation

 * to work in technical departments,

 * to write excellent (pseudo-)scientific articles, books and dissertations, in order to climb up the ladder (promoting of rank an assistant, associate and full professor),

 * to build "brilliant" courses and to carry out "striking" lections where to analyze circuits by applying sophisticated formal methods... without understanding circuit phenomena at all (figuratively speaking, in education formulas serve like wide-spectrum antibiotics in medicine:).

Similarly, math gives a unique chance:) to students that are averse to technics

 * to enter technical universities at the expense of those having a technical vocation (e.g., students graduating mathematical, philological, trading and other non-technical schools can enter Technical university of Sofia by solving a few mathematical problems),

 * to graduate successfully from universities.

 * Math has even changed whole parts of science as mechanics and electricity transmuting them actually into mathematical mechanics and mathematical electricity :) Today, students are compelled rather to solve boring differential equations in classrooms than to carry out interesting and exciting experiments in laboratories.

 * Math helps poor scientists to create apparently solid reports on projects that say nothing essential.

 * Generally speaking, math has the unique opportunity:) to hide human mediocrity: in technical area, formulas help poor technicians to hide their mediocrity as in medicine, the Latin language help poor physicians to hide their mediocrity. In this way, math gives an opportunity to professionals to easily manipulate ordinary people...

What formulas cannot do
Math is wonderful; only, it cannot

 * tell us how to connect circuit elements (what the circuit structure is),

 * show where currents flow through and voltages appear across the circuit elements,

 * tell us what points inside circuits are inputs and what - outputs,

 * provoke our human imagination and fancy and inspire us to create new circuits,

 * show causality between the electrical quantities in the circuit (e.g., it is not clear in Ohm's law what quantity is an input and what quantity is an output, only, we human beings need to know; that is why, in a voltage-to-current converter we suppose that voltage causes current while in a current-to-voltage converter we assume that current causes voltage),

 * tell us what actually the circuit idea is.

Where to place formulas
People do not think in terms of mathematics when understand, explain and invent circuits. So, the place of formulas is at the end of the circuit design after the intuitive explanations. We have first to explain qualitative things by qualitative means; then, to compute quantitative things by quantitative means. We have first to build and reinvent circuits by using human intuition, imagination and emotions; then, to define exactly the circuit parameters and to analyze thoroughly the circuit operation by using formal methods.

title: Circuit Idea/Formulas


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SwisTrack/Developers/Setting up a development environment/Mac OS X

If you have the Apple XCode Tools installed on your Mac, you can follow the guidelines for Linux (Other distributions, manual installation) for setting up your development environment. The only difference is that you have to install wxMac instead of wxGTK. Instructions for installing OpenCV on Mac are available from [Willow Garage].

SwisTrack should compile within XCode (use code/AppleXCode/SwisTrack.xcodeproj on the SVN tree) and through the make build system ("Makefile"). You can create the application with "make osxbundle" run in the directory /Code/gui.

For all you lazy OS X users: I compiled the SVN code (r1028) and statically linked against the latest versions [as of May 2015] of wxWidgets [wxCocoa] and OpenCV. That was not as straight forward as it should be.... Some notes: the components window is no longer a modal dialog, so the cancel button has no effect. When a checkbox won't tick, click in the main window first. When loading files from AVI [not true, it takes various formats...] enter the full path, the dialog doesn't work. The app will probably only work with OS X 10.10.x Yosemite. Binary.


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User:Murphyangus

Greg, nice work in chapter 4. That kind of contribution I was looking for. You can eliminate the extra space near your images by not putting a period after the image information.

title: User:Murphyangus


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User talk:Natator 88

Pam, thanks for adding the reference to chapter 4. That's the kind of work I am looking for. There is a broken link to "ecological communities". Can you fix that please?

title: User talk:Natator 88