text:
Scienceshow/Guides/Superconductors

Purpose
This is a template for new guides and recipes. Make a brief statement about the purpose of this specific guide you're making. Remember that no copyrighted material can be added to this book without the authors explicit accept and please ackowledge sources of information and ideas with links to websites and references.

Status for this guide: Finished, Not yet finished, Check recipes...(leave the appropriate)

Safety Class
Choose a fitting safety class for this description

 * Too dangerous! (We do not make this experiment because …)

 * Very dangerous (Should only be attempted after careful training)

 * Dangerous - Please be aware of this or the other thing... (Untrained people can do this experiment under supervision and guidance)

 * Harmless (The most dangerous thing is this insignificant little petitesse)

Required Safety Equipment

 * The show performer: Glasses / Lab coat / Nothing / Fire extinguisher / Wet towel and a bucket of water / Eye flushing bottle

 * Audience/participants: Safety screens / Hearing protection (a finger in the ear is often a help).

Materials
You'll need the following - make a list

 * item 1: formula, CAS number, supplier, Safety issues (describe the most important ones), Storage, link to safety datasheet

Procedure
Preparation time, Performance time, Clean-up time.

Step by step

 * 1) Start by…

 * 1) End with explaining how to properly get rid of waste products

Alternative methods
Other ways to do the experiment

Dangers
Now the reader knows the experiment, give a closer description of possible dangers.

 * Important, be aware of…

 * Consider the…

Other Factors
What other things can sometimes affect the result of the experiment. Maybe the humidity or cleanliness of the glass ware is an issue.

Show notes
What to consider when preparing. How to make it more spectacular. What can be difficult to achieve 'on stage' that normally is easy when practising.

What other experiments are good to that have in relation to this one?

What should you beware of that can make the experiment boring?

What's taking place
Here you can give a more quantitative and mathematical description of what happens. What fundamental laws are involved or demonstrated by this experiment etc. Remember to explain jargon/expressions from the laboratory.

In the real world
Do you meet things like this in daily life - give examples!

Unanswered Questions
Things we do not yet know and should find an answer to - maybe how it actually works etc.

More Information

 * A Teacher's Guide to Superconductivity for High School Students.
 * The human levitator

Remember
This is just a guide and it can contain both errors and omissions. Always make experiments in small versions before proceeding to larger quantities where things could become dangerous. Ask around if you have any doubts before starting and do not start on a procedure you do not feel you understand and is qualified to perform.

title: Scienceshow/Guides/Superconductors


text:
Scienceshow/Guides/Superabsorbing Polymers

Purpose
This is a template for new guides and recipes. Make a brief statement about the purpose of this specific guide you're making. Remember that no copyrighted material can be added to this book without the authors explicit accept and please ackowledge sources of information and ideas with links to websites and references.

Status for this guide: Finished, Not yet finished, Check recipes...(leave the appropriate)

Safety Class
Choose a fitting safety class for this description

 * Too dangerous! (We do not make this experiment because …)

 * Very dangerous (Should only be attempted after careful training)

 * Dangerous - Please be aware of this or the other thing... (Untrained people can do this experiment under supervision and guidance)

 * Harmless (The most dangerous thing is this insignificant little petitesse)

Required Safety Equipment

 * The show performer: Glasses / Lab coat / Nothing / Fire extinguisher / Wet towel and a bucket of water / Eye flushing bottle

 * Audience/participants: Safety screens / Hearing protection (a finger in the ear is often a help).

Materials
You'll need the following - make a list

 * item 1: formula, CAS number, supplier, Safety issues (describe the most important ones), Storage, link to safety datasheet

Procedure
Preparation time, Performance time, Clean-up time.

Step by step

 * 1) Start by…

 * 1) End with explaining how to properly get rid of waste products

Alternative methods
Other ways to do the experiment

Dangers
Now the reader knows the experiment, give a closer description of possible dangers.

 * Important, be aware of…

 * Consider the…

Other Factors
What other things can sometimes affect the result of the experiment. Maybe the humidity or cleanliness of the glass ware is an issue.

Show notes
What to consider when preparing. How to make it more spectacular. What can be difficult to achieve 'on stage' that normally is easy when practising.

What other experiments are good to that have in relation to this one?

What should you beware of that can make the experiment boring?

What's taking place
Here you can give a more quantitative and mathematical description of what happens. What fundamental laws are involved or demonstrated by this experiment etc. Remember to explain jargon/expressions from the laboratory.

In the real world
Do you meet things like this in daily life - give examples!

Unanswered Questions
Things we do not yet know and should find an answer to - maybe how it actually works etc.

More Information

 * | Websites with more info the end.

Remember
This is just a guide and it can contain both errors and omissions. Always make experiments in small versions before proceeding to larger quantities where things could become dangerous. Ask around if you have any doubts before starting and do not start on a procedure you do not feel you understand and is qualified to perform.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Scienceshow/Guides/Soap Films

Purpose
This is a template for new guides and recipes. Make a brief statement about the purpose of this specific guide you're making. Remember that no copyrighted material can be added to this book without the authors explicit accept and please ackowledge sources of information and ideas with links to websites and references.

Status for this guide: Finished, Not yet finished, Check recipes...(leave the appropriate)

Safety Class
Choose a fitting safety class for this description

 * Too dangerous! (We do not make this experiment because …)

 * Very dangerous (Should only be attempted after careful training)

 * Dangerous - Please be aware of this or the other thing... (Untrained people can do this experiment under supervision and guidance)

 * Harmless (The most dangerous thing is this insignificant little petitesse)

Required Safety Equipment

 * The show performer: Glasses / Lab coat / Nothing / Fire extinguisher / Wet towel and a bucket of water / Eye flushing bottle

 * Audience/participants: Safety screens / Hearing protection (a finger in the ear is often a help).

Materials
You'll need the following - make a list

 * item 1: formula, CAS number, supplier, Safety issues (describe the most important ones), Storage, link to safety datasheet

Procedure
Preparation time, Performance time, Clean-up time.

Step by step

 * 1) Start by…

 * 1) End with explaining how to properly get rid of waste products

Alternative methods
Other ways to do the experiment

Dangers
Now the reader knows the experiment, give a closer description of possible dangers.

 * Important, be aware of…

 * Consider the…

Other Factors
What other things can sometimes affect the result of the experiment. Maybe the humidity or cleanliness of the glass ware is an issue.

Show notes
What to consider when preparing. How to make it more spectacular. What can be difficult to achieve 'on stage' that normally is easy when practising.

What other experiments are good to that have in relation to this one?

What should you beware of that can make the experiment boring?

What's taking place
Here you can give a more quantitative and mathematical description of what happens. What fundamental laws are involved or demonstrated by this experiment etc. Remember to explain jargon/expressions from the laboratory.

In the real world
Do you meet things like this in daily life - give examples!

Uanswered Questions
Things we do not yet know and should find an answer to - maybe how it actually works etc.

More Information

 * | Websites with more info the end.

Remember
This is just a guide and it can contain both errors and omissions. Always make experiments in small versions before proceeding to larger quantities where things could become dangerous. Ask around if you have any doubts before starting and do not start on a procedure you do not feel you understand and is qualified to perform.

title: Scienceshow/Guides/Soap Films


text:
Scienceshow/Guides/Quantized Conductivity

Purpose
This is a template for new guides and recipes. Make a brief statement about the purpose of this specific guide you're making. Remember that no copyrighted material can be added to this book without the authors explicit accept and please ackowledge sources of information and ideas with links to websites and references.

Status for this guide: Finished, Not yet finished, Check recipes...(leave the appropriate)

Safety Class
Choose a fitting safety class for this description

 * Too dangerous! (We do not make this experiment because …)

 * Very dangerous (Should only be attempted after careful training)

 * Dangerous - Please be aware of this or the other thing... (Untrained people can do this experiment under supervision and guidance)

 * Harmless (The most dangerous thing is this insignificant little petitesse)

Required Safety Equipment

 * The show performer: Glasses / Lab coat / Nothing / Fire extinguisher / Wet towel and a bucket of water / Eye flushing bottle

 * Audience/participants: Safety screens / Hearing protection (a finger in the ear is often a help).

Materials
You'll need the following - make a list

 * item 1: formula, CAS number, supplier, Safety issues (describe the most important ones), Storage, link to safety datasheet

Procedure
Preparation time, Performance time, Clean-up time.

Step by step

 * 1) Start by…

 * 1) End with explaining how to properly get rid of waste products

Alternative methods
Other ways to do the experiment

Dangers
Now the reader knows the experiment, give a closer description of possible dangers.

 * Important, be aware of…

 * Consider the…

Other Factors
What other things can sometimes affect the result of the experiment. Maybe the humidity or cleanliness of the glass ware is an issue.

Show notes
What to consider when preparing. How to make it more spectacular. What can be difficult to achieve 'on stage' that normally is easy when practising.

What other experiments are good to that have in relation to this one?

What should you beware of that can make the experiment boring?

What's taking place
Here you can give a more quantitative and mathematical description of what happens. What fundamental laws are involved or demonstrated by this experiment etc. Remember to explain jargon/expressions from the laboratory.

In the real world
Do you meet things like this in daily life - give examples!

Uanswered Questions
Things we do not yet know and should find an answer to - maybe how it actually works etc.

More Information

 * | Websites with more info the end.

Remember
This is just a guide and it can contain both errors and omissions. Always make experiments in small versions before proceeding to larger quantities where things could become dangerous. Ask around if you have any doubts before starting and do not start on a procedure you do not feel you understand and is qualified to perform.


text:
Scienceshow/Guides/Soap Bubbles

Purpose
This is a template for new guides and recipes. Make a brief statement about the purpose of this specific guide you're making. Remember that no copyrighted material can be added to this book without the authors explicit accept and please ackowledge sources of information and ideas with links to websites and references.

Status for this guide: Finished, Not yet finished, Check recipes...(leave the appropriate)

Safety Class
Choose a fitting safety class for this description

 * Too dangerous! (We do not make this experiment because …)

 * Very dangerous (Should only be attempted after careful training)

 * Dangerous - Please be aware of this or the other thing... (Untrained people can do this experiment under supervision and guidance)

 * Harmless (The most dangerous thing is this insignificant little petitesse)

Required Safety Equipment

 * The show performer: Glasses / Lab coat / Nothing / Fire extinguisher / Wet towel and a bucket of water / Eye flushing bottle

 * Audience/participants: Safety screens / Hearing protection (a finger in the ear is often a help).

Materials
You'll need the following - make a list

 * item 1: formula, CAS number, supplier, Safety issues (describe the most important ones), Storage, link to safety datasheet

Procedure
Preparation time, Performance time, Clean-up time.

Step by step

 * 1) Start by…

 * 1) End with explaining how to properly get rid of waste products

Alternative methods
Other ways to do the experiment

Dangers
Now the reader knows the experiment, give a closer description of possible dangers.

 * Important, be aware of…

 * Consider the…

Other Factors
What other things can sometimes affect the result of the experiment. Maybe the humidity or cleanliness of the glass ware is an issue.

Show notes
What to consider when preparing. How to make it more spectacular. What can be difficult to achieve 'on stage' that normally is easy when practising.

What other experiments are good to that have in relation to this one?

What should you beware of that can make the experiment boring?

What's taking place
Here you can give a more quantitative and mathematical description of what happens. What fundamental laws are involved or demonstrated by this experiment etc. Remember to explain jargon/expressions from the laboratory.

In the real world
Do you meet things like this in daily life - give examples!

Unanswered Questions
Things we do not yet know and should find an answer to - maybe how it actually works etc.

More Information

 * | Websites with more info the end.

Remember
This is just a guide and it can contain both errors and omissions. Always make experiments in small versions before proceeding to larger quantities where things could become dangerous. Ask around if you have any doubts before starting and do not start on a procedure you do not feel you understand and is qualified to perform.

title: Scienceshow/Guides/Soap Bubbles


text:
Scienceshow/Guides/Pyrolithic Graphite

Purpose
This is a template for new guides and recipes. Make a brief statement about the purpose of this specific guide you're making. Remember that no copyrighted material can be added to this book without the authors explicit accept and please ackowledge sources of information and ideas with links to websites and references.

Status for this guide: Finished, Not yet finished, Check recipes...(leave the appropriate)

Safety Class
Choose a fitting safety class for this description

 * Too dangerous! (We do not make this experiment because …)

 * Very dangerous (Should only be attempted after careful training)

 * Dangerous - Please be aware of this or the other thing... (Untrained people can do this experiment under supervision and guidance)

 * Harmless (The most dangerous thing is this insignificant little petitesse)

Required Safety Equipment

 * The show performer: Glasses / Lab coat / Nothing / Fire extinguisher / Wet towel and a bucket of water / Eye flushing bottle

 * Audience/participants: Safety screens / Hearing protection (a finger in the ear is often a help).

Materials
You'll need the following - make a list

 * item 1: formula, CAS number, supplier, Safety issues (describe the most important ones), Storage, link to safety datasheet

Procedure
Preparation time, Performance time, Clean-up time.

Step by step

 * 1) Start by…

 * 1) End with explaining how to properly get rid of waste products

Alternative methods
Other ways to do the experiment

Dangers
Now the reader knows the experiment, give a closer description of possible dangers.

 * Important, be aware of…

 * Consider the…

Other Factors
What other things can sometimes affect the result of the experiment. Maybe the humidity or cleanliness of the glass ware is an issue.

Show notes
What to consider when preparing. How to make it more spectacular. What can be difficult to achieve 'on stage' that normally is easy when practising.

What other experiments are good to that have in relation to this one?

What should you beware of that can make the experiment boring?

What's taking place
Here you can give a more quantitative and mathematical description of what happens. What fundamental laws are involved or demonstrated by this experiment etc. Remember to explain jargon/expressions from the laboratory.

In the real world
Do you meet things like this in daily life - give examples!

Uanswered Questions
Things we do not yet know and should find an answer to - maybe how it actually works etc.

More Information

 * | Websites with more info the end.

Remember
This is just a guide and it can contain both errors and omissions. Always make experiments in small versions before proceeding to larger quantities where things could become dangerous. Ask around if you have any doubts before starting and do not start on a procedure you do not feel you understand and is qualified to perform.

title: Scienceshow/Guides/Pyrolithic Graphite


text:
Scienceshow/Guides/Oil on Water

Purpose
This is a template for new guides and recipes. Make a brief statement about the purpose of this specific guide you're making. Remember that no copyrighted material can be added to this book without the authors explicit accept and please ackowledge sources of information and ideas with links to websites and references.

Status for this guide: Finished, Not yet finished, Check recipes...(leave the appropriate)

Safety Class
Choose a fitting safety class for this description

 * Too dangerous! (We do not make this experiment because …)

 * Very dangerous (Should only be attempted after careful training)

 * Dangerous - Please be aware of this or the other thing... (Untrained people can do this experiment under supervision and guidance)

 * Harmless (The most dangerous thing is this insignificant little petitesse)

Required Safety Equipment

 * The show performer: Glasses / Lab coat / Nothing / Fire extinguisher / Wet towel and a bucket of water / Eye flushing bottle

 * Audience/participants: Safety screens / Hearing protection (a finger in the ear is often a help).

Materials
You'll need the following - make a list

 * item 1: formula, CAS number, supplier, Safety issues (describe the most important ones), Storage, link to safety datasheet

Procedure
Preparation time, Performance time, Clean-up time.

Step by step

 * 1) Start by…

 * 1) End with explaining how to properly get rid of waste products

Alternative methods
Other ways to do the experiment

Dangers
Now the reader knows the experiment, give a closer description of possible dangers.

 * Important, be aware of…

 * Consider the…

Other Factors
What other things can sometimes affect the result of the experiment. Maybe the humidity or cleanliness of the glass ware is an issue.

Show notes
What to consider when preparing. How to make it more spectacular. What can be difficult to achieve 'on stage' that normally is easy when practising.

What other experiments are good to that have in relation to this one?

What should you beware of that can make the experiment boring?

What's taking place
Here you can give a more quantitative and mathematical description of what happens. What fundamental laws are involved or demonstrated by this experiment etc. Remember to explain jargon/expressions from the laboratory.

In the real world
Do you meet things like this in daily life - give examples!

Uanswered Questions
Things we do not yet know and should find an answer to - maybe how it actually works etc.

More Information

 * Oleic acid monolayer on water

Remember
This is just a guide and it can contain both errors and omissions. Always make experiments in small versions before proceeding to larger quantities where things could become dangerous. Ask around if you have any doubts before starting and do not start on a procedure you do not feel you understand and is qualified to perform.

title: Scienceshow/Guides/Oil on Water


text:
Scienceshow/Guides/Non-Newtonian fluid

Purpose
This is a template for new guides and recipes. Make a brief statement about the purpose of this specific guide you're making. Remember that no copyrighted material can be added to this book without the authors explicit accept and please ackowledge sources of information and ideas with links to websites and references.

Status for this guide: Finished, Not yet finished, Check recipes...(leave the appropriate)

Safety Class
Choose a fitting safety class for this description

 * Too dangerous! (We do not make this experiment because …)

 * Very dangerous (Should only be attempted after careful training)

 * Dangerous - Please be aware of this or the other thing... (Untrained people can do this experiment under supervision and guidance)

 * Harmless (The most dangerous thing is this insignificant little petitesse)

Required Safety Equipment

 * The show performer: Glasses / Lab coat / Nothing / Fire extinguisher / Wet towel and a bucket of water / Eye flushing bottle

 * Audience/participants: Safety screens / Hearing protection (a finger in the ear is often a help).

Materials
You'll need the following - make a list

 * item 1: formula, CAS number, supplier, Safety issues (describe the most important ones), Storage, link to safety datasheet

Procedure
Preparation time, Performance time, Clean-up time.

Step by step

 * 1) Start by…

 * 1) End with explaining how to properly get rid of waste products

Alternative methods
Other ways to do the experiment

Dangers
Now the reader knows the experiment, give a closer description of possible dangers.

 * Important, be aware of…

 * Consider the…

Other Factors
What other things can sometimes affect the result of the experiment. Maybe the humidity or cleanliness of the glass ware is an issue.

Show notes
What to consider when preparing. How to make it more spectacular. What can be difficult to achieve 'on stage' that normally is easy when practising.

What other experiments are good to that have in relation to this one?

What should you beware of that can make the experiment boring?

What's taking place
Here you can give a more quantitative and mathematical description of what happens. What fundamental laws are involved or demonstrated by this experiment etc. Remember to explain jargon/expressions from the laboratory.

In the real world
Do you meet things like this in daily life - give examples!

Uanswered Questions
Things we do not yet know and should find an answer to - maybe how it actually works etc.

More Information

 * | Websites with more info the end.

Remember
This is just a guide and it can contain both errors and omissions. Always make experiments in small versions before proceeding to larger quantities where things could become dangerous. Ask around if you have any doubts before starting and do not start on a procedure you do not feel you understand and is qualified to perform.

title: Scienceshow/Guides/Non-Newtonian fluid


text:
Scienceshow/Guides/Magnetic Induction in Copper Plates

Purpose
This is a template for new guides and recipes. Make a brief statement about the purpose of this specific guide you're making. Remember that no copyrighted material can be added to this book without the authors explicit accept and please acknowledge sources of information and ideas with links to websites and references.

Status for this guide: Finished, Not yet finished, Check recipes...(leave the appropriate)

Safety Class
Choose a fitting safety class for this description

 * Too dangerous! (We do not make this experiment because …)
 * Very dangerous (Should only be attempted after careful training)
 * Dangerous - Please be aware of this or the other thing... (Untrained people can do this experiment under supervision and guidance)
 * Harmless (The most dangerous thing is this insignificant little petitesse)

Required Safety Equipment

 * The show performer: Glasses / Lab coat / Nothing / Fire extinguisher / Wet towel and a bucket of water / Eye flushing bottle
 * Audience/participants: Safety screens / Hearing protection (a finger in the ear is often a help).

Materials
You'll need the following - make a list

 * item 1: formula, CAS number, supplier, Safety issues (describe the most important ones), Storage, link to safety datasheet

Procedure
Preparation time, Performance time, Clean-up time.

Step by step

 * 1) Start by…

 * 1) End with explaining how to properly get rid of waste products

Alternative methods
Other ways to do the experiment

Dangers
Now the reader knows the experiment, give a closer description of possible dangers.

 * Important, be aware of…
 * Consider the…

Other Factors
What other things can sometimes affect the result of the experiment. Maybe the humidity or cleanliness of the glass ware is an issue.

Show notes
What to consider when preparing. How to make it more spectacular. What can be difficult to achieve 'on stage' that normally is easy when practising.

What other experiments are good to that have in relation to this one?

What should you beware of that can make the experiment boring?

What's taking place
Here you can give a more quantitative and mathematical description of what happens. What fundamental laws are involved or demonstrated by this experiment etc. Remember to explain jargon/expressions from the laboratory.

In the real world
Do you meet things like this in daily life - give examples!

Unanswered Questions
Things we do not yet know and should find an answer to - maybe how it actually works etc.

More Information

 * Websites with more info the end.

Remember
This is just a guide and it can contain both errors and omissions. Always make experiments in small versions before proceeding to larger quantities where things could become dangerous. Ask around if you have any doubts before starting and do not start on a procedure you do not feel you understand and is qualified to perform.


text:
Scienceshow/Guides/Magnetic Induction in a Tube

Purpose
This is a template for new guides and recipes. Make a brief statement about the purpose of this specific guide you're making. Remember that no copyrighted material can be added to this book without the authors explicit accept and please ackowledge sources of information and ideas with links to websites and references.

Status for this guide: Finished, Not yet finished, Check recipes...(leave the appropriate)

Safety Class
Choose a fitting safety class for this description

 * Too dangerous! (We do not make this experiment because …)

 * Very dangerous (Should only be attempted after careful training)

 * Dangerous - Please be aware of this or the other thing... (Untrained people can do this experiment under supervision and guidance)

 * Harmless (The most dangerous thing is this insignificant little petitesse)

Required Safety Equipment

 * The show performer: Glasses / Lab coat / Nothing / Fire extinguisher / Wet towel and a bucket of water / Eye flushing bottle

 * Audience/participants: Safety screens / Hearing protection (a finger in the ear is often a help).

Materials
You'll need the following - make a list

 * item 1: formula, CAS number, supplier, Safety issues (describe the most important ones), Storage, link to safety datasheet

Procedure
Preparation time, Performance time, Clean-up time.

Step by step

 * 1) Start by…

 * 1) End with explaining how to properly get rid of waste products

Alternative methods
Other ways to do the experiment

Dangers
Now the reader knows the experiment, give a closer description of possible dangers.

 * Important, be aware of…

 * Consider the…

Other Factors
What other things can sometimes affect the result of the experiment. Maybe the humidity or cleanliness of the glass ware is an issue.

Show notes
What to consider when preparing. How to make it more spectacular. What can be difficult to achieve 'on stage' that normally is easy when practising.

What other experiments are good to that have in relation to this one?

What should you beware of that can make the experiment boring?

What's taking place
Here you can give a more quantitative and mathematical description of what happens. What fundamental laws are involved or demonstrated by this experiment etc. Remember to explain jargon/expressions from the laboratory.

In the real world
Do you meet things like this in daily life - give examples!

Unanswered Questions
Things we do not yet know and should find an answer to - maybe how it actually works etc.

More Information

 * | Websites with more info the end.

Remember
This is just a guide and it can contain both errors and omissions. Always make experiments in small versions before proceeding to larger quantities where things could become dangerous. Ask around if you have any doubts before starting and do not start on a procedure you do not feel you understand and is qualified to perform.


text:
Scienceshow/Guides/Liquid Nitrogen Marshmallows

Purpose
This is a template for new guides and recipes. Make a brief statement about the purpose of this specific guide you're making. Remember that no copyrighted material can be added to this book without the authors explicit accept and please ackowledge sources of information and ideas with links to websites and references.

Status for this guide: Finished, Not yet finished, Check recipes...(leave the appropriate)

Safety Class
Choose a fitting safety class for this description

 * Too dangerous! (We do not make this experiment because …)

 * Very dangerous (Should only be attempted after careful training)

 * Dangerous - Please be aware of this or the other thing... (Untrained people can do this experiment under supervision and guidance)

 * Harmless (The most dangerous thing is this insignificant little petitesse)

Required Safety Equipment

 * The show performer: Glasses / Lab coat / Nothing / Fire extinguisher / Wet towel and a bucket of water / Eye flushing bottle

 * Audience/participants: Safety screens / Hearing protection (a finger in the ear is often a help).

Materials
You'll need the following - make a list

 * item 1: formula, CAS number, supplier, Safety issues (describe the most important ones), Storage, link to safety datasheet

Procedure
Preparation time, Performance time, Clean-up time.

Step by step

 * 1) Start by…

 * 1) End with explaining how to properly get rid of waste products

Alternative methods
Other ways to do the experiment

Dangers
Now the reader knows the experiment, give a closer description of possible dangers.

 * Important, be aware of…

 * Consider the…

Other Factors
What other things can sometimes affect the result of the experiment. Maybe the humidity or cleanliness of the glass ware is an issue.

Show notes
What to consider when preparing. How to make it more spectacular. What can be difficult to achieve 'on stage' that normally is easy when practising.

What other experiments are good to that have in relation to this one?

What should you beware of that can make the experiment boring?

What's taking place
Here you can give a more quantitative and mathematical description of what happens. What fundamental laws are involved or demonstrated by this experiment etc. Remember to explain jargon/expressions from the laboratory.

In the real world
Do you meet things like this in daily life - give examples!

Uanswered Questions
Things we do not yet know and should find an answer to - maybe how it actually works etc.

More Information

 * | Websites with more info the end.

Remember
This is just a guide and it can contain both errors and omissions. Always make experiments in small versions before proceeding to larger quantities where things could become dangerous. Ask around if you have any doubts before starting and do not start on a procedure you do not feel you understand and is qualified to perform.


text:
Scienceshow/Guides/Liquid Nitrogen Ice Cream

Purpose
This is a template for new guides and recipes. Make a brief statement about the purpose of this specific guide you're making. Remember that no copyrighted material can be added to this book without the authors explicit accept and please ackowledge sources of information and ideas with links to websites and references.

Status for this guide: Finished, Not yet finished, Check recipes...(leave the appropriate)

Safety Class
Choose a fitting safety class for this description

 * Too dangerous! (We do not make this experiment because …)

 * Very dangerous (Should only be attempted after careful training)

 * Dangerous - Please be aware of this or the other thing... (Untrained people can do this experiment under supervision and guidance only!)

 * Harmless (The most dangerous thing is this insignificant little petitesse)

Required Safety Equipment

 * The show performer: Glasses / Lab coat / Nothing / Fire extinguisher / Wet towel and a bucket of water / Eye flushing bottle

 * Audience/participants: Safety screens / Hearing protection (a finger in the ear is often a help).

Materials
You'll need the following - make a list

 * item 1: formula, CAS number, supplier, Safety issues (describe the most important ones), Storage, link to safety datasheet

Procedure
Preparation time, Performance time, Clean-up time.

Step by step

 * 1) Start by…

 * 1) End with explaining how to properly get rid of waste products

Alternative methods
Other ways to do the experiment

Dangers
Now the reader knows the experiment, give a closer description of possible dangers.

 * Important, be aware of…

 * Consider the…

Other Factors
What other things can sometimes affect the result of the experiment. Maybe the humidity or cleanliness of the glass ware is an issue.

Show notes
What to consider when preparing. How to make it more spectacular. What can be difficult to achieve 'on stage' that normally is easy when practising.

What other experiments are good to that have in relation to this one?

What should you beware of that can make the experiment boring?

What's taking place
Here you can give a more quantitative and mathematical description of what happens. What fundamental laws are involved or demonstrated by this experiment etc. Remember to explain jargon/expressions from the laboratory.

In the real world
Do you meet things like this in daily life - give examples!

Uanswered Questions
Things we do not yet know and should find an answer to - maybe how it actually works etc.

More Information

 * | Websites with more info the end.

Remember
This is just a guide and it can contain both errors and omissions. Always make experiments in small versions before proceeding to larger quantities where things could become dangerous. Ask around if you have any doubts before starting and do not start on a procedure you do not feel you understand and is qualified to perform.


text:
Scienceshow/Guides/Liquid Nitrogen

Purpose
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Now the reader knows the experiment, give a closer description of possible dangers.

 * Important, be aware of…

 * Consider the…

Other Factors
What other things can sometimes affect the result of the experiment. Maybe the humidity or cleanliness of the glass ware is an issue.

Show notes
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What other experiments are good to that have in relation to this one?

What should you beware of that can make the experiment boring?

What's taking place
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In the real world
Do you meet things like this in daily life - give examples!

Unanswered Questions
Things we do not yet know and should find an answer to - maybe how it actually works etc.

More Information

 * | Cryogenic Experiments with Liquid Nitrogen

Remember
This is just a guide and it can contain both errors and omissions. Always make experiments in small versions before proceeding to larger quantities where things could become dangerous. Ask around if you have any doubts before starting and do not start on a procedure you do not feel you understand and is qualified to perform.

title: Scienceshow/Guides/Liquid Nitrogen


text:
Scienceshow/Guides/Ion Spray

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Step by step

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Alternative methods
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Dangers
Now the reader knows the experiment, give a closer description of possible dangers.

 * Important, be aware of…

 * Consider the…

Other Factors
What other things can sometimes affect the result of the experiment. Maybe the humidity or cleanliness of the glass ware is an issue.

Show notes
What to consider when preparing. How to make it more spectacular. What can be difficult to achieve 'on stage' that normally is easy when practising.

What other experiments are good to that have in relation to this one?

What should you beware of that can make the experiment boring?

What's taking place
Here you can give a more quantitative and mathematical description of what happens. What fundamental laws are involved or demonstrated by this experiment etc. Remember to explain jargon/expressions from the laboratory.

In the real world
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Uanswered Questions
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More Information

 * | Websites with more info the end.

Remember
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title: Scienceshow/Guides/Ion Spray


text:
Scienceshow/Guides/Freezing with Liquid Nitrogen

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Dangers
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 * Important, be aware of…

 * Consider the…

Other Factors
What other things can sometimes affect the result of the experiment. Maybe the humidity or cleanliness of the glass ware is an issue.

Show notes
What to consider when preparing. How to make it more spectacular. What can be difficult to achieve 'on stage' that normally is easy when practising.

What other experiments are good to that have in relation to this one?

What should you beware of that can make the experiment boring?

What's taking place
Here you can give a more quantitative and mathematical description of what happens. What fundamental laws are involved or demonstrated by this experiment etc. Remember to explain jargon/expressions from the laboratory.

In the real world
Do you meet things like this in daily life - give examples! E.g. Promession (Cryo-burial, an eco-burial)

Unanswered Questions
Things we do not yet know and should find an answer to - maybe how it actually works etc.

More Information

 * | Websites with more info the end.

Remember
This is just a guide and it can contain both errors and omissions. Always make experiments in small versions before proceeding to larger quantities where things could become dangerous. Ask around if you have any doubts before starting and do not start on a procedure you do not feel you understand and is qualified to perform.


text:
Scienceshow/Guides/Ferrofluid Synthesis

Purpose
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 * Harmless (The most dangerous thing is this insignificant little petitesse)

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Procedure
Preparation time, Performance time, Clean-up time.

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 * 1) Start by…

 * 1) End with explaining how to properly get rid of waste products

Alternative methods
Other ways to do the experiment

Dangers
Now the reader knows the experiment, give a closer description of possible dangers.

 * Important, be aware of…

 * Consider the…

Other Factors
What other things can sometimes affect the result of the experiment. Maybe the humidity or cleanliness of the glass ware is an issue.

Show notes
What to consider when preparing. How to make it more spectacular. What can be difficult to achieve 'on stage' that normally is easy when practising.

What other experiments are good to that have in relation to this one?

What should you beware of that can make the experiment boring?

What's taking place
Here you can give a more quantitative and mathematical description of what happens. What fundamental laws are involved or demonstrated by this experiment etc. Remember to explain jargon/expressions from the laboratory.

In the real world
Do you meet things like this in daily life - give examples!

Uanswered Questions
Things we do not yet know and should find an answer to - maybe how it actually works etc.

More Information

 * | Websites with more info the end.

Remember
This is just a guide and it can contain both errors and omissions. Always make experiments in small versions before proceeding to larger quantities where things could become dangerous. Ask around if you have any doubts before starting and do not start on a procedure you do not feel you understand and is qualified to perform.

title: Scienceshow/Guides/Ferrofluid Synthesis


text:
Scienceshow/Guides/Ferrofluid

Purpose
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 * Harmless (The most dangerous thing is this insignificant little petitesse)

Required Safety Equipment

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 * Audience/participants: Safety screens / Hearing protection (a finger in the ear is often a help).

Materials
You'll need the following - make a list

 * item 1: formula, CAS number, supplier, Safety issues (describe the most important ones), Storage, link to safety datasheet

Procedure
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Step by step

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Alternative methods
Other ways to do the experiment

Dangers
Now the reader knows the experiment, give a closer description of possible dangers.

 * Important, be aware of…

 * Consider the…

Other Factors
What other things can sometimes affect the result of the experiment. Maybe the humidity or cleanliness of the glass ware is an issue.

Show notes
What to consider when preparing. How to make it more spectacular. What can be difficult to achieve 'on stage' that normally is easy when practising.

What other experiments are good to that have in relation to this one?

What should you beware of that can make the experiment boring?

What's taking place
Here you can give a more quantitative and mathematical description of what happens. What fundamental laws are involved or demonstrated by this experiment etc. Remember to explain jargon/expressions from the laboratory.

In the real world
Do you meet things like this in daily life - give examples!

Uanswered Questions
Things we do not yet know and should find an answer to - maybe how it actually works etc.

More Information

 * | Websites with more info the end.

Remember
This is just a guide and it can contain both errors and omissions. Always make experiments in small versions before proceeding to larger quantities where things could become dangerous. Ask around if you have any doubts before starting and do not start on a procedure you do not feel you understand and is qualified to perform.

This opensource material is from The Wiki Science Show Book in English. It is based on the template for new guides.

Direct link to this guide in English This guide in english.

title: Scienceshow/Guides/Ferrofluid


text:
Scienceshow/Guides/Capillary Pressure

Purpose
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Safety Class
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 * Dangerous - Please be aware of this or the other thing... (Untrained people can do this experiment under supervision and guidance)

 * Harmless (The most dangerous thing is this insignificant little petitesse)

Required Safety Equipment

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 * Audience/participants: Safety screens / Hearing protection (a finger in the ear is often a help).

Materials
You'll need the following - make a list

 * item 1: formula, CAS number, supplier, Safety issues (describe the most important ones), Storage, link to safety datasheet

Procedure
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Step by step

 * 1) Start by…

 * 1) End with explaining how to properly get rid of waste products

Alternative methods
Other ways to do the experiment

Dangers
Now the reader knows the experiment, give a closer description of possible dangers.

 * Important, be aware of…

 * Consider the…

Other Factors
What other things can sometimes affect the result of the experiment. Maybe the humidity or cleanliness of the glass ware is an issue.

Show notes
What to consider when preparing. How to make it more spectacular. What can be difficult to achieve 'on stage' that normally is easy when practising.

What other experiments are good to that have in relation to this one?

What should you beware of that can make the experiment boring?

What's taking place
Here you can give a more quantitative and mathematical description of what happens. What fundamental laws are involved or demonstrated by this experiment etc. Remember to explain jargon/expressions from the laboratory.

In the real world
Do you meet things like this in daily life - give examples!

Uanswered Questions
Things we do not yet know and should find an answer to - maybe how it actually works etc.

More Information

 * | Websites with more info the end.

Remember
This is just a guide and it can contain both errors and omissions. Always make experiments in small versions before proceeding to larger quantities where things could become dangerous. Ask around if you have any doubts before starting and do not start on a procedure you do not feel you understand and is qualified to perform.

title: Scienceshow/Guides/Capillary Pressure


text:
Scienceshow/Guides/Amorphous Metals

This is a template for new guides and recipes. Make a brief statement about the purpose of this specific guide you're making. Remember that no copyrighted material can be added to this book without the authors explicit accept and please acknowledge sources of information and ideas with links to websites and references.

Status for this guide: Finished, Not yet finished, Check recipes...(leave the appropriate)

Safety Class
Choose a fitting safety class for this description
 * Too dangerous! (We do not make this experiment because …)
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 * Dangerous - Please be aware of this or the other thing... (Untrained people can do this experiment under supervision and guidance)
 * Harmless (The most dangerous thing is this insignificant little petitesse)

Required Safety Equipment

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 * Audience/participants: Safety screens / Hearing protection (a finger in the ear is often a help).

Materials
You'll need the following - make a list

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Procedure
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Step by step

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Alternative methods
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Dangers
Now the reader knows the experiment, give a closer description of possible dangers.

 * Important, be aware of…

 * Consider the…

Other Factors
What other things can sometimes affect the result of the experiment. Maybe the humidity or cleanliness of the glass ware is an issue.

Show notes
What to consider when preparing. How to make it more spectacular. What can be difficult to achieve 'on stage' that normally is easy when practising.

What other experiments are good to that have in relation to this one?

What should you beware of that can make the experiment boring?

What's taking place
Here you can give a more quantitative and mathematical description of what happens. What fundamental laws are involved or demonstrated by this experiment etc. Remember to explain jargon/expressions from the laboratory.

In the real world
Do you meet things like this in daily life - give examples!

Unanswered Questions
Things we do not yet know and should find an answer to - maybe how it actually works etc.

More Information

 * | Websites with more info the end.

Remember
This is just a guide and it can contain both errors and omissions. Always make experiments in small versions before proceeding to larger quantities where things could become dangerous. Ask around if you have any doubts before starting and do not start on a procedure you do not feel you understand and is qualified to perform.

title: Scienceshow/Guides/Amorphous Metals


text:
Talk:Scienceshow/Nanotechnology

=Comments on existing material on the page=

=Brainstorm=

This section contain ideas we are working on - Please add comments and ideas!

Wettability
 maybe using a hairdryer to make the waves...
 * Nanotubes on a wafer for extreme hydrophobic demonstration
 * TiO thin film with variable wettability and catalytic effect under UV exposure
 * Soap film in lung tissue to keep it from collapsing - can this be demonstrated somehow? Collapsing sol gels?
 * oil thin film calms troubled waters in a dish
 * oil thin films
 * Capillary tubes of glass and plastic - see how far coloured water and soap water is sucked into the two (very little in the plastic tube)
 * lotus effect
 * Superhydrophobic clothes and coatings

Sticktion and adhesion

 * see also the Wettability experiments
 * Bring a gecko
 * Lotus leaf
 * Potatoflour in water…can we do it with silica polishing particles, i guess we can…
 * the opposite effect magneto rheological fluid
 * Electrostatic surface forces:
 * polystyrene 'flamingo' balls on a glass plate and an anti static gun.
 * How does antistatic window cleaner work (is that what ammonia helps on in it?)

Light scattering

 * Mini disk and Cd-rom and the variable density of dots.
 * PDMS with silver nanoparticles in arrays for variable scattering – compare to opals
 * Butterfly wings and beetle shells, birds feathers, oyster shells - and how about certain porcelains and jade?
 * Wool becomes transparent in Benzyl Acohol (Cas No 100-51-6) which is a fairly harmless industrial solvent because it matches the index of refraction of the wool fibers -and what about paper?
 * Tyndall rayleigh scattering experiment in milk or sulfur nanoparticles. White when they get too big (Mie vs Rayleigh).
 * Compare a slowly grown transparent sodium acetate crystal with an opaque quickly grown one. A supersaturated solution of sodium acetate can be made by dissolving 50g sodium acetate trihydrate (CAS 6131-90-4, Sigma aldrich prod no 71193-1KG) in 5 mL of water while heating. Then leave it to cool very slowly without disturbances - and you probably will have to make a fresh solution for each time since small dust particles after use will provide nucleation centers that start the crystallization during cooling. Once its cold, you can pour the solution out on a table and it will crystallize instantly to a warm rod stasing up like a stalagmite. The heat comes from the crystallization process and is used in hand warmers (where a small metal plate is included in the bag with the solution that can make a distubing 'click' to start the crystallization process).
 * Color in nature, Causes of color.

Solar cells from berries

 *
 *

Carbon

 * Levitation of diamagnetic carbon over magnets
 * Actuating nanotube films in water?
 * Your pencil with the soft carbon. Pyrolithic graphite, the hard, diamond the harder, nanotubes tha hardest.
 * Just for fun - how small can you write with a pen?
 * Something about carbon black?

Nanoparticles

 * Tyndall rayleigh scattering experiment in milk or sulfur nanoparticles. White when they get too big (Mie vs Rayleigh).

Metal nanoparticles

 * Synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles COlor my nanoworld.
 * Silver
 * gold
 * nanotek.nu
 * Odorless socks with silver colloids]
 * Pregnancy tests with gold colloids
 * Catalysis with Pt nanoparticles – doesnt have to be nano. Can we do a catalysis experiment with Pt particles that make a color disappear or a smell go away?
 * platinum wire burning ethanol.

Catalysis

 * Catalysis with Pt nanoparticles – doesnt have to be nano. Can we do a catalysis experiment with Pt particles that make a color disappear or a smell go away?
 * platinum wire burning ethanol.
 * copper in Zink and sulfuric acid
 * oxidising ammonia
 * Catalase in yeast

Micro chemistry

 *
 *

Polymers

 *
 * Slime
 *

DNA

 * DNA extraction
 * Diffraction and the discovery of DNA laser diffraction exps. movie and images
 * Alice in inverse kk space

Large molecules

 * Polarizable plastic
 * Superabsorbents
 * Crystals, Slime and Nanofabrication
 * Nylon -nanotek.nu

Magnetic nanoparticles

 * Magnetofluids -nanotek.nu
 * Levitating carbon See at sci toys
 * Ferrofluids Ferrolabs sells 200ml bottles.
 * Ferrofluid educational kits from Ferrotec and more information on their website.
 * Demoexperiments from Ferrotec

Electric nanosystems

 * Molecular break junction and quantized conductivity
 *
 *
 * Nanowires - mercury on aluminium... or can we make them some other ways? tin whiskers?

Build your own STM

 *
 * pushing a wall (AFM /tilted mirror exp)

SERS

 * SERS

Self assembled monolayers

 * nanotek.nu

=Questions=
 * Can we observe biotin-actin interaction in microscopes and with the eye if the molecules are attached to larger beads?
 * is there a hands-on Raman demonstation?
 * Icebear fur should be UV wave guides to help produce vitamins in the skin
 * FLuorescence and quantum dots
 * What bacteria produc nanowires - some should make iron oxide nanowires
 * Could we make some on clay, concrete and soils and their nanocomponents?

=Resources=
 * institute of physics teachers
 * nanotek.nu
 * several chemistry related nanoactivities
 *
 * General Chemistry demonstration exps list

title: Talk:Scienceshow/Nanotechnology


text: Template:Yet Another Haskell Tutorial/Contents


text:
User talk:Peabody33

Hello and welcome to Wikibooks!

Here are some tips to help you get started:
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You will find more resources in Community Portal. If you want to ask a question, visit the Study help desk, the Staff lounge, IRC channel or ask me personally on my talk page. For site news, see the Bulletin board. It might be an idea if you add this page to your "watchlist" so that you can see when any new information is posted there.

Good luck! -- Herby talk thyme 19:56, 16 December 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Peabody33


text:
User talk:Philip Taron

Hello and welcome to Wikibooks!

Here are some tips to help you get started:
 * You should sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes, like this: ~~~~.
 * Remember to conduct any editing experiments in the sandbox.
 * If you're a Wikipedian, see Wikibooks for Wikipedians for a primer on how things work here (it's a little different).
 * If you want to base your work here on materials from Wikipedia, please use WB:RFI to bring the material over in compliance with the GFDL.
 * If you're an instructor and plan on using wikibooks for a class project, see Guidelines for class projects
 * Please say hello at the Staff Lounge with any questions or ideas.
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Please take a look at Naming policy before starting a new book.
 * Remember to maintain a Neutral point of view.
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and have fun!

You will find more resources in Community Portal. If you want to ask a question, visit the Study help desk, the Staff lounge, IRC channel or ask me personally on my talk page. For site news, see the Bulletin board. It might be an idea if you add this page to your "watchlist" so that you can see when any new information is posted there.

Good luck! -- Herby talk thyme 19:56, 16 December 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Philip Taron


text:
Wikijunior:Europe/Bulgaria

Bulgaria is a country in south eastern Europe. It shares borders with Turkey, Greece, Macedonia, Serbia and Romania. The capital city is Sofia. Other big cities are Plovdiv and Varna. Bulgaria joined the European Union on January 1st, 2007. The currency of Bulgaria is the Lev.

Bulgaria's History
In 1912 and 1913, Bulgaria became involved in the Balkan Wars, first entering into conflict alongside Greece, Serbia and Montenegro against the Ottoman Empire. The First Balkan War (1912-1913) proved a success for the Bulgarian army. The Second Balkan War (1913) put Bulgaria against Greece and Serbia, joined by Romania and Turkey. After its defeat in the Second Balkan War, Bulgaria lost a large amount of the territory that they had conquered in the first war.

During World War I, Bulgaria found itself fighting on the losing side as a result of its alliance with the Central Powers. Bulgaria became allied with the Axis Powers, although no Bulgarian soldiers participated in the war against the USSR. During World War II Nazi Germany allowed Bulgaria to occupy parts of Greece and of Yugoslavia. Bulgaria became one of only three countries (along with Finland and Denmark) that saved its entire Jewish population (around 50,000 people) from the Nazi camps by refusing to comply with an August 31, 1943 resolution.

In September 1944, the Soviet army entered Bulgaria, enabling the Bulgarian Communists (the Bulgarian Workers Party) to seize power and establish a communist state. In 1944, Bulgaria's forces turned against the country's former ally, Germany. Communism ended in Bulgaria in 1989 and since then the country has been democratic and capitalist. Bulgaria joined the EU in 2007.

Bulgaria's Geography
The area of Bulgaria is 110,994 km2 (42,855 sq mi). It borders five other countries: Romania to the north (mostly along the River Danube), Serbia and the Republic of Macedonia to the west, and Greece and Turkey to the south. The Black Sea runs along most of the country to the east. It is a land of mountains, rivers, and rolling plains. More than two-thirds of the country is plains, plateaus, or hilly land. The highest mountain is Rila at 2925 metres.

The coastal climate is moderated by the Black Sea, but strong winds and violent local storms are common during the winter. Winters along the Danube River are bitterly cold. Most of Bulgaria has a temperate climate, with cool and damp winters, very hot and dry summers. Average precipitation in Bulgaria is about 630 millimeters per year. Bulgaria is likely to experience earthquakes and landslides. Bulgaria is currently facing some environmental issues including water pollution, air pollution, and forest pollution in the form of acid rain.

Bulgaria's People
The population of Bulgaria is just over 7.3 million. The official language is Bulgarian. More than 90 percent of the population speak it. Turkish is the largest minority language. Education is free and required for children from the ages of 7 through 14. Most of Bulgaria’s people belong to the Bulgarian Orthodox Church. Other religions that are practiced include Islam and Judaism.

Football has become by far the most popular sport in Bulgaria. Many Bulgarian fans closely follow the top Bulgarian league, the Bulgarian "A" Professional Football Group; as well as the leagues of other European countries.

Bulgaria's Sights
Bulgaria, a country with a historical and cultural heritage, and attractive natural landscapes, is one of the most visited tourist destinations in Europe. The country has historical cities and towns, summer beaches, and mountain ski resorts. In the northern-hemisphere winter, Samokov, Borovets, Bansko and Pamporovo become well-attended ski-resorts. Summer resorts exist on the Black Sea at Sozopol, Nessebur, Golden Sands, Sunny Beach, Sveti Vlas, Albena, Saints Constantine and Helena and many others. Spa resorts such as Bankya, Hisarya, Sandanski, Velingrad, Varshets and many others attract visitors throughout the year.

Bulgaria has started to become an attractive tourist destination because of the quality of the resorts and prices below those found in Western Europe. Beach-resorts attract tourists from Germany, Russia, Scandinavia, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. The ski-resorts have become a favorite destination for British and Irish tourists.

There are 9 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Bulgaria which include the Madara Rider and the 	Ancient City of Nessebar.

title: Wikijunior:Europe/Bulgaria


text:
Wikijunior:Europe/Switzerland

Switzerland is a small country in western Europe. It shares borders with Germany, Austria, Italy, France and Liechtenstein. The capital city is Bern. Other big cities are Geneva and Zurich. Switzerland is not a member of the European Union. The currency of Switzerland is the Swiss Franc.

Switzerland's History
Switzerland has a long history of neutrality — it has not been at war since 1815 — and hosts many international organizations, including the Red Cross, and the World Trade Organization. In 1920, Switzerland joined the League of Nations, and in 1963 the Council of Europe. Switzerland was not invaded during either of the World Wars. During World War II, the Germans planed on attacking Switzerland, but they never did.

Switzerland's Geography
With an area of 41,285 square kilometres (15,940 sq mi), Switzerland is a relatively small country. The population is about 8.4 million. Switzerland is one of the most mountainous countries of Europe. More than 70 percent of its area is covered by the Alps. Switzerland's highest mountain is Monte Rosa at 4,634 metres. Switzerland is on the border of the largest lakes in Europe.

Summers tend to be warm and humid at times with periodic rainfall so they are ideal for pastures and grazing. The winters in the mountains alternate with sun and snow, while the lower lands tend to be more cloudy and foggy in winter.

Switzerland's People
The population of Switzerland is just over 8 million. Roman Catholicism is the most practiced religion. Almost 45 percent of the population practices Roman Catholicism. Muslims, Orthodox Christians, and Judaism are other practiced religions.

Switzerland is multilingual and has four national languages: German, French, Italian and Romansh. Other spoken languages are Spanish, Portuguese, and Turkish. Switzerland has a literacy rate of almost 100 percent. Education is required from ages 5 to 16 years of age.

Like many European nations, the Swiss are big fans of football and the national team is widely supported. Many Swiss also follow ice hockey. Over the last few years several Swiss tennis players, like Roger Federer and Martina Hingis, have been multiple Grand Slam singles champions. One of the world's best current ice skaters is Swiss Stéphane Lambiel. Switzerland is also the home of the successful sailing team Alinghi. Other sports where the Swiss have been successful include fencing, whitewater slalom, ice hockey, beach volleyball, and skiing.

Switzerland's Sights
Tourists are drawn to Switzerland's climate and landscapes, in particular for skiing and mountaineering. Because of tax differences between Switzerland and neighbouring countries, Switzerland is popular for shopping trips. Being a major world finance centre also brings in a lot of business travellers.

There are eleven UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Switzerland including: the Old City of Bern, the Abbey of St. Gall and Monte San Giorgio.

title: Wikijunior:Europe/Switzerland


text:
Wikijunior:Europe/Turkey

Turkey (Türkiye in Turkish and officially in English) is a large country in south eastern Europe and western Asia. It shares borders with Greece, Bulgaria, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan (Nakhichevan), Iraq, Iran and Syria. The capital city is Ankara. Other large cities are Istanbul and Izmir. Turkey is not a member of the European Union but would like to become a member in the future. The currency of Turkey is the Turkish Lira.

Turkey's History
Turkey has a very long history and has been occupied by the Trojans, Greeks, Lydians, Romans, Byzantines, Seljuks, Ottomans, and now the modern day Turks.

Before 1923 Turkey controlled countries across south-eastern Europe, south-western Asia and northern Africa as the Ottoman Empire. Today there are over 50 countries in Europe, Asia and Africa which were once part of the Ottoman Empire.

Turkey lost its empire and became an independent country in 1923. Since World War 2 Turkey has been a close ally of most European countries and the USA. Today the country is fairly prosperous, has good relations with its neighbours and hopes to become part of the European Union in the next few years.

Turkey's Geography
Asian Turkey (made up largely of Anatolia), which includes 97% of the country, is separated from European Turkey by the Bosporus, the Sea of Marmara, and the Dardanelles (which together form a water link between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean). European Turkey (eastern Thrace or Rumelia in the Balkan peninsula) includes 3% of the country. The territory of Turkey is more than 1,600 kilometres (1,000 mi) long and 800 km (500 mi) wide, with a roughly rectangular shape. Turkey's area, including lakes, occupies 783,562 square kilometres (300,948 sq mi), of which 755,688 square kilometres (291,773 sq mi) are in south west Asia and 23,764 square kilometres (9,174 sq mi) in Europe. Turkey's area makes it the world's 37th-largest country, and is about the size of Metropolitan France and the United Kingdom combined. Turkey is encircled by seas on three sides: the Aegean Sea to the west, the Black Sea to the north and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Turkey also contains the Sea of Marmara in the north west.

The European section of Turkey, in the north-west, is Eastern Thrace, and forms the borders of Turkey with Greece and Bulgaria. The Asian part of the country, Anatolia (also called Asia Minor), consists of a high central plateau with narrow coastal plains, between the Köroğlu and East-Black Sea mountain range to the north and the Taurus Mountains to the south. Eastern Turkey has a more mountainous landscape, and is home to the sources of rivers such as the Euphrates, Tigris and Aras, and contains Lake Van and Mount Ararat, Turkey's highest point at 5,165 metres (16,946 ft).

Turkey is geographically divided into seven regions: Marmara, Aegean, Black Sea, Central Anatolia, Eastern Anatolia, south eastern Anatolia and the Mediterranean. The uneven north Anatolian terrain running along the Black Sea resembles a long, narrow belt. This region comprises approximately one-sixth of Turkey's total land area. As a general trend, the inland Anatolian plateau becomes increasingly rugged as it progresses eastward.

Earthquakes are frequent and occasionally severe because most of the mountains were formed by volcanic activity. Turkey has cold, snowy winters and hot, dry summers.

Turkey's People
The population of Turkey is just over 84 million. It is the third largest European country by population (after Russia and Germany). Most of the population speaks Turkish which is the national language of Turkey. Islam is the major religion practised in Turkey, where nominally 99% of the Turkish population is Muslim. About 90 percent of the population lives in the Asian part of Turkey and about 10 percent lives in the European part.

The most popular sport in Turkey is football. Other sports such as basketball and volleyball are also popular. Surfing, snowboarding, skateboarding, paragliding and other extreme sports are becoming more popular every year. Another major sport in which the Turks have been internationally successful is weightlifting; as Turkish weightlifters, both male and female, have broken numerous world records and won several European, World and Olympic championship titles.

Turkey's Sights
Istanbul is the country's major tourist city and is famous for its mixture of European and Asian culture, architecture and lifestyle. About 29 million tourists visit Turkey every year. Apart from Istanbul, spa resorts, hiking and seaside resorts are popular with tourists. Tourists in Turkey come from a wide range of countries including the United Kingdom, Germany, Russia, Iran and Japan.

There are 15 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Turkey which include the Historical Areas of Istanbul, the ancient city of Troy and the Great Mosque and hospital of Divrigi in the east of the country.

title: Wikijunior:Europe/Turkey


text:
User:Ev

meta:User:Ev

title: User:Ev


text:
User:Pedro Sanchez~enwikibooks

Hello this is a good place I like it alot, and i'm mexican and cool and a satanist don't make fun of me for it thanks.

title: User:Pedro Sanchez~enwikibooks


text:
User talk:71.225.15.183

Welcome to Wikibooks. We invite everyone to contribute constructively to our collection. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing. However, unconstructive edits are considered vandalism, and if you continue in this manner you may be blocked from editing without further warning. Please stop, and consider improving rather than damaging the hard work of others. Thanks. Xania 22:29, 16 December 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:71.225.15.183


text:
User:Balloonguy

 * /Japanese

title: User:Balloonguy


text:
C Sharp Programming/Keywords/break

The keyword is used to exit out of a loop or switch block.

 * as used in a loop:

The while loop would increment x as long as it was less than twenty. However when x is incremented to ten the condition in the if statement becomes true, so the break statement causes the while loop to be broken and execution would continue after the closing parentheses.

 * as used in a switch block:

When the program enters the switch block, it will search for a case statement that is true. Once it finds one, it will read any further statements printed until it finds a break statement. In the above example, if is 0 or 1, the console will only print their respective values and then jump out of the statement. However, if the value of is 2 or 3, the program will read the same proceeding statement(s) until it reaches a break statement. In order not to show anybody who reads the code that this handling for 2 is the same for three, it is good programming practice to add a comment like "falls through" after the falling-through cases.

title: C Sharp Programming/Keywords/break


text:
User talk:72.39.180.169

Xania 23:50, 16 December 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:72.39.180.169


text:
User talk:64.229.183.179

Xania 23:51, 16 December 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:64.229.183.179


text:
User talk:88.242.18.98

Xania 00:13, 17 December 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:88.242.18.98


text:
SuperCard Programming/Introduction

SuperCard is a Macintosh development environment. It is very similar to the venerable, and now defunct, HyperCard. It is made and sold by Solutions Etcetera. The latest version, 4.6, was released late in 2006 and supports the creation of Universal binaries (i.e. programs that run on both PowerPC and Intel based Macs).

Of all the HyperCard clones that have existed, SuperCard is the only one that currently focuses solely on Mac development. Some people see this as a weakness in today's world where delivering cross platform applications has become more and more common. Others see this as an asset due to SuperCard's ability to provide access to Mac specific features that otherwise wouldn't be desireable in attempting to deliver cross platform applications.

Being that it is a "card based" or "stack based" development environment, it has the following features:

 * Windows
 * Windows are the equivalent of stacks in SuperCard
 * Cards
 * Windows can contain many cards (or even just a single card)
 * Backgrounds
 * each card has one background
 * cards within a window do not need to all have the same background
 * A scripting language
 * SuperCard's scripting language is called SuperTalk. It is very similar to HyperTalk, the scripting language of HyperCard and it belongs to a family of languages now known as xTalks (the "x" is usually pronounced "cross")
 * A player application
 * The ability to create standalone applications

title: SuperCard Programming/Introduction


text:
Intermediate Algebra/Linear Equations

Linear Equations
A linear equation is an equation that forms a line on a graph.

Slope-Intercept form
A linear equation in slope-intercept form is one in the form $$y = mx + b$$ such that $$m$$ is the slope, and $$b$$ is the y-intercept. An example of such an equation is:

$$y = 3x - 1$$

Finding y-intercept, given slope and a point
The y-intercept of an equation is the point at which the line produced touches the y-axis, or the point where $$x = 0$$ This can be very useful. If we know the slope, and a point which the line passes through, we can find the y-intercept. Consider:

$$y = 3x + b$$ Which passes through $$(1,2)$$

$$2 = 3(1) + b$$ Substitute $$2$$ and $$1$$ for $$x$$ and $$y$$, respectively

$$2 = 3 + b$$ Simplify.

$$-1 = b$$

$$y = 3x - 1$$ Put into slope-intercept form.

Finding slope, given y-intercept and a point
The slope of a line is defined as the amount of change in x and y between two points on the line.

If we know the y-intercept of the line, and a point on the line, we can easily find the slope. Consider:

$$y = mx + 4$$ which passes through the point $$(2,1)$$

$$y = mx + 4$$

$$1 = 2m + 4$$ Replace $$x$$ and $$y$$ with $$1$$ and $$2$$, respectively. $$-3 = 2m$$ Simplify. $$-3/2 = m$$ $$y = -3/2x + 4$$ Put into slope-intercept form.

Standard form
The Standard form of a line is the form of a linear equation in the form of $$Ax + By = C$$ such that $$A$$ and $$B$$ are integers, and $$A > 0$$.

Converting from slope-intercept form to standard form
Slope-intercept equations can easily be changed to standard form. Consider the equation:

$$y = 3x - 1$$

$$-3x + y = -1$$ Subtract -3x from each side, satisfying $$Ax + By = C$$

$$3x - y = 1$$ Multiply the entire equation by $$-1$$, satisfying $$A > 0$$

$$A$$ and $$B$$ are already integers, so we don't have to worry about changing them.

Finding the slope of an equation in standard form
In the standard form of an equation, the slope is always equal to $$\frac {-A}{B}$$

title: Intermediate Algebra/Linear Equations


text:
Intermediate Algebra/Systems of Equations By Algebra

Solving Systems of Linear Equations by Using Algebra
Generally, you're not going to want to solve a system using graphs, simply because it takes too much time. There are two algebraic methods for solving systems of linear equations.

Addition
The ideal situation for the Addition method (also known as Elimination method) is one in which a variable in the two equations has opposite coefficients. For instance: $$6x + 3y = 42$$ $$2x - 3y = 22$$ We would simply add up the values in the two equations, canceling out $$y$$ in the process. $$8x = 64$$ This is the result of the initial addition. $$x = 8$$ Simplify. Now, all we have to do is substitute $$8$$ for each occurrence of $$x$$,and solve for $$y$$. $$6(8) + 3y = 42$$ Substitute the value of $$x$$. $$48 + 3y = 42$$ Simplify. $$3y = -6$$ Subtract 48 from each side. $$y = -2$$ Divide each side by 3.

However, even if the variables don't easily cancel out, simply just try with constant multiplications and so on. $$3x + 8y = 48$$ $$x - 4y = 22$$ We would simply multiply the second equation throughout by 2 and get: $$2x - 8y = 44$$ Then add up: $$x = 4$$ Substitute: $$(8) - 4y = 22$$ $$- 4y = 18$$ $$y = -\frac{9}{2}$$

In some occasions, you may need to multiply both sides. For example:

$$3y + 2x = 5$$ $$4y + 3x = 10$$

In this case, we will multiply the first equation by three and the second equation by two.

$$9y + 6x = 15$$ $$8y + 6x = 20$$

$$y=-5$$

$$9 \times -5 + 6x = 20$$ $$-45 +6x = 20$$ $$6x=85$$ $$x = 14 \frac {1} {6}$$

Substitution
This is another method to solve a system of linear equations. This is ideal if one of the equations is laid out where one variable has a coefficient of one or negative one. $$y = 3x + 1$$ $$x + 2y = 16$$ Here you can simply substitute the first algebraic expression that y equals in to the second. $$x + 2(3x + 1) = 16$$ Now simply slove the problem $$x + 6x + 2 = 16$$ $$7x + 2 = 16$$ $$7x + 2 - 2= 16 -2$$ $$\frac{7x}{7} = \frac{14}{7}$$ $$x = 2$$ Then plug it into the equation you substituted earlier. $$y = 3(2) + 1$$ $$y = 6 + 1$$ $$y = 7$$ To check your work simply plug both x and y into one part of your system. $$x + 2y = 16$$ $$(2) + 2(7) = 16$$ $$16 = 16$$ check.

Example where variable is not on one side:

$$x + y = 9$$ $$3x + 5y = 25$$

Switch first equation so x is on one side

$$x = 9 - y$$

Substitute

$$3(9-y) + 5y = 25$$

Distribute and solve

$$27 - 3y + 5y = 25$$ $$2y = -2$$

$$y = -1$$ $$x = 10$$


text:
SQL Dialects Reference/Write queries/Replace query

Replace query
Replace query inserts new row if no row with such primary key exists or updates existing row if it does. SQL:2003 standard introduced a MERGE statement to implement such functionality, while other implementations provide similar queries named "REPLACE" or so-called "Upsert" query (a portmanteau of UPDATE and INSERT).


text:
User:Somitho~enwikibooks

I am Somitho also known as Soms on IRC, I can be found easier on w:en:User:Somitho

title: User:Somitho~enwikibooks


text:
User talk:72.209.3.75

Thanks for experimenting with Wikibooks. Your test worked, and has now been removed. Please use Sandbox for any other tests you want to do, since testing material in modules will normally be removed quickly. Please see the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our project. Thanks.

title: User talk:72.209.3.75


text: SQL Dialects Reference/Procedural language/Stored procedures


text: SQL Dialects Reference/Procedural language/User-defined functions


text:
SQL Dialects Reference/Write queries/Insert results from select query into existing table

Insert results from select query into existing table
Problem: Insert results from a given select query (SELECT columns FROM table ...) into existing table (existing_table) of the same or compatible structure (as query result).


text:
SQL Dialects Reference/Write queries/Save results from select query as new table

Save results from select query as new table
Problem: save results from an arbitrary SELECT query (SELECT columns FROM table ...) as a new permanent table new_table.


text:
SQL Dialects Reference/Transactions

Transactions

 * }

title: SQL Dialects Reference/Transactions


text:
User talk:Tornredcarpet

Hey there
Thanks for working on the East Coast Swing page. It's greatly appreciated. :) -- Monk talk 19:48, 17 December 2006 (UTC)

Welcome
Hello and welcome to Wikibooks!

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Good luck! -- Herby talk thyme 09:34, 17 December 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Tornredcarpet


text:
User talk:209.67.215.162

Poker
Stop removing content - you will be blocked -- Herby talk thyme 09:39, 17 December 2006 (UTC)

Regarding edits made during December 18 2006 (UTC)
Please stop removing content from Wikibooks. It is considered vandalism. If you would like to experiment, use the sandbox. Thank you. If this is an IP address, and it is shared by multiple users, ignore this warning if you did not make any unconstructive edits. Az1568 02:43, 18 December 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:209.67.215.162


text:
User talk:61.5.138.29

Thanks for experimenting with Wikibooks. Your test worked, and has now been removed. Please use Sandbox for any other tests you want to do, since testing material in modules will normally be removed quickly. Please see the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our project. Thanks. -- Herby talk thyme 09:47, 17 December 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:61.5.138.29


text:
User talk:Samokhvalov~enwikibooks

Hello and welcome to Wikibooks!

Here are some tips to help you get started:
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You will find more resources in Community Portal. If you want to ask a question, visit the Study help desk, the Staff lounge, IRC channel or ask me personally on my talk page. For site news, see the Bulletin board. It might be an idea if you add this page to your "watchlist" so that you can see when any new information is posted there.

Good luck! -- Herby talk thyme 10:48, 17 December 2006 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Samokhvalov. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Samokhvalov~enwikibooks that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:39, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 05:27, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Samokhvalov~enwikibooks


text:
User talk:EmreSevinc

Hello and welcome to Wikibooks!

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Good luck! -- Herby talk thyme 10:49, 17 December 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:EmreSevinc


text:
User talk:Nalyd357

Hello and welcome to Wikibooks!

Here are some tips to help you get started:
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You will find more resources in Community Portal. If you want to ask a question, visit the Study help desk, the Staff lounge, IRC channel or ask me personally on my talk page. For site news, see the Bulletin board. It might be an idea if you add this page to your "watchlist" so that you can see when any new information is posted there.

Good luck! -- Herby talk thyme 10:50, 17 December 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Nalyd357


text:
User talk:Tetsuo29

Hello and welcome to Wikibooks!

Here are some tips to help you get started:
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You will find more resources in Community Portal. If you want to ask a question, visit the Study help desk, the Staff lounge, IRC channel or ask me personally on my talk page. For site news, see the Bulletin board. It might be an idea if you add this page to your "watchlist" so that you can see when any new information is posted there.

Good luck! -- Herby talk thyme 10:51, 17 December 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Tetsuo29


text:
User:Cdamama~enwikibooks

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally.

/Admission to Graduate School in the U.S.

My user page on Wikipedia

title: User:Cdamama~enwikibooks


text:
Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...Nf6/2. e5/2...Nd5/3. c4

= Alekhine's Defence: Lasker Attack = In this variation, White will usually go on with 4. c5. He loses the control of the d5 square, but gains space and tries to close Black game.

For now, Black must play /3...Nb6/ or /3...Nf4/.

Theory table
.

'1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Nd5 3.c4'


text:
User:Cdamama~enwikibooks/Admission to Graduate School in the U.S.

Sections

 * 1) Why the U.S.
 * 2) Overview of the U.S. graduate school system
 * 3) GRE General Test
 * 4) GRE Subject Tests
 * 5) English language tests
 * 6) Factors of admission
 * 7) Funding
 * 8) Tips
 * 9) Student Visas - getting them
 * 10) After the admission

Questions to Address

 * 1) How many schools to apply to?
 * 2) Leading causes of failure
 * 3) How to tell if grad school is for you
 * 4) Master's vs. Ph.D. programs