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User talk:Nerina PaIlot

Thanks for experimenting with Wikibooks. Your test worked, and has now been removed. Please use Sandbox for any other tests you want to do, since testing material in modules will normally be removed quickly. Please see the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our project. Thanks. --82.42.237.114 15:54, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

Linkspam
I am removing your website links from the staff lounge. Things like that constitute linkspam, and is not acceptable. Wikibooks is not a platform for selfpromotion. Repeated offenses could get you banned from wikibooks. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 16:43, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

 * I am blocking both you, and User:Haunfaer for repeated linkspam, and sockpuppeting in bad faith. The block term will be 1 week for you, and infinite for your puppet. If you linkspam again after the 1 week duration, you will be blocked indefinately. What you are doing is not polite, and not appreciated. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 21:41, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Nerina PaIlot


text: Template:Control Systems/Stub

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Template:Control Systems/Stub


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User:Samulili

As a Finn with a good book on the subject I'm interested in Suomen kieli ulkomaalaisille/Sisältö. -Samulili 16:56, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

title: User:Samulili


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Template:Programmable Logic/Stub

''This page of the book is a stub. You can help by expanding it.''

/Stubs :Adds the page to /Stubs.

title: Template:Programmable Logic/Stub


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Template:Windows Programming/Stub

''This page of the  book is a stub. You can help by expanding it.'' /Stubs :Adds page to /Stubs

title: Template:Windows Programming/Stub


text: Category:Book:Structural Engineering

title: Category:Book:Structural Engineering


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Template:Electric Circuits

 This book is part of a series on Electric Circuits: Circuit Theory Circuit Idea Digital Circuits Practical Electronics Electronics Analogue Electronics Semiconductors Materials in Electronics This template marks books that deal specifically with Electric Circuits. This template only needs to be placed on the first page of a related book.

title: Template:Electric Circuits


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WebObjects/Alternative Technologies/ASP.NET

Alex Horovitz
I'm actually doing a lot of work with ASP right now (writing a book with a friend on .NET 3.0 ) and I find the biggest issues are twofold:

 * While WebObjects is an environment where you are developing a software application where the User Interface happens to utilize HTML and a web browser, ASP.NET is all about developing a website that happens to do some application like stuff from time to time. (e.g. the session object is a big dictionary that cannot be extended, page navigation and pushing objects around from page to page is a lot more difficult, you'll find you end up doing a lot more work in the area of processing events - more like a windows desktop app, etc... )
 * ADO and the way data access and controls are managed do not (easily) allow you to separate data access from business logic (ala the creation of true Entities) so you will need to either (a) build that overhead or (b) - more likely - just learn to live without it.

That being said, it is possible, just plan on missing a lot of the really convenient stuff you get out of the box with EOF and WO because of the adherence to a MVC point of view...


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Orthopaedic Surgery/Imaging and Special Studies

The value of diagnostic testing is overestimated. For many conditions the likelihood of a disease in the population selected at random is small, on the order of one in a thousand. Arguably that likelihood is increased if the sample is instead the population of individuals who have self selected or been referred to an orthopedic office. All diagnostic tests have both false positive and false negative results which by traditional statistics or Bayesian inference can be calculated to define the likelihood of the patient having the disease if a given diagnostic test is positive. The strength of evidence provided by a diagnostic test is going to be influenced by the baseline likelihood of disease in the sampled population. The more specialized the provider in dealing with a specific set of problems the higher the likelihood that a larger proportion of that population has definable pathologies of a certain category. A diagnostic test may be exceedingly unhelpful, not to mention cost ineffective when used as a population screen and yet be reasonably useful in the hands of a subspecialist who may order the test. The likelihood that a positive result is a true positive is increased in the latter case. While it may be true that for an especially rare condition the likelihood in the face of a positive test result may still be less than 1 in 2, the fact of a positive diagnostic test may have increased the likelihood that the disease is present by a factor of 10 relative to the general population of patients in that office. Thus for the specialist and the patient the chances for a successful outcome by virtue of the accurate identification of the pathology in question has been improved. It should be emphasized however that the uncertainty in by no means eliminated. Bayesian Inference

 * Decision Making
 * Radiography
 * Computed Tomography
 * Magnetic Resonance Imaging
 * Arthrography
 * Nuclear Medicine
 * Bone Scan
 * Gallium Scan
 * WBC Scan
 * Other Scans
 * Electrodiagnostic Studies
 * Ultrasonography
 * Bone Density Measurement


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PHP Programming/OOP5/Input validation

This is an example using the power of OOP with PHP5. This example can be used to validate different user inputs. This was moved by Wykis from Kgrsajid's example on Programming:PHP.

title: PHP Programming/OOP5/Input validation


text:
Arimaa/Race Positions

A race position occurs when both sides can make quick progress in different parts of the board. A race will slow or stop when one side chooses defense over offense. If too many captures occur, however, there will be few pieces left to use for defense. It is thus important to avoid or quickly exit a race that one cannot ultimately win.

In, each side left a home trap vulnerable. Silver got a strong attack on c3, but lost a dog in f6. On 5s, Silver had to decide whether to capture the c2 horse or use two steps to preserve his own camel in the northeast. Silver chose the former, using his fourth step to prevent a flip-capture and thus ensure that the camel loss would not be immediately followed by another loss. Gold correctly captured the silver camel in f6, but then continued to race, neglecting defense until it was too late. Silver's multi-piece attack opened a goal path which Gold could not outpace. After capturing the silver camel, however, Gold could have moved his elephant west to defend c3, exiting the race with enough pieces left to delay a silver goal. If the elephants then remained deadlocked at c3, Gold would have been strong in the east.

A capture race may quickly turn into a goal race, due to the space cleared. 37g and 38g of forced Silver to defend goal rather than continue a cleanup which might have soon resulted in a silver goal. On 38s, Silver had to stop the d6 rabbit; merely freezing it in place would not be enough, as Gold could unfreeze and unblock it with Dc7s rd7w, leaving two steps for goal. If Silver used his elephant to stop this goal, his own threats in the east would be gone. 38s mg6ww Rd6s me6w would preserve Silver's eastern threats, delay Gold's threats, and even threaten the c7 dog. Alternatively, 38s cf7w rg8w ee4s Mf4w would stop a one-turn goal and threaten the gold horse, which is needed to defend goal. Even if Gold were to then capture the b6 horse and step the d6 rabbit west, Silver could block the goal with his western dog and continue to press his eastern threats, perhaps capturing the gold camel or horse. The played 38s stopped the gold goal, but allowed Gold to pull even in material and create a new goal threat. To win a race, one must have a strong response to anything the opponent might do.

A race typically involves two active elephants. If one elephant is stuck, even temporarily, any race is likely to favor the opponent. In, a race began while the gold elephant defended goal. Gold captured both silver horses, but did not have time to capture the advanced silver rabbits. Silver allowed her camel to be captured on 30g, as her eastern goal was then unstoppable.

In, a capture race put Gold behind in material, but a b-file rabbit advance turned things around. Silver raced too quickly; rather than capturing a passive rabbit on 16s, Silver could have blocked the b-file rabbit or pushed it to c1.

In, Gold quickly moved his elephant to the h-file, initially going after the silver camel but then allowing the camel to go west while he threatened a dog. Even in the face of an elephant-camel attack, Gold made no attempt to defend c3. Opting to race, Gold initially traded a rabbit for a cat. Silver had time to move her horse away from f6, and appeared poised to clean up in c3. Instead of capturing a rabbit or dog on 9g, Gold advanced a rabbit and threatened goal; this threat was strong, due to Silver's imbalance. Silver did capture a horse, but was then forced to abandon the southwestern cleanup and move her elephant to the northeast. Gold's early goal threat did not directly win the race, but slowed it down enough for Gold to create strong threats on both wings.

In essence, a race occurs whenever each respective elephant leads an attack on an away trap. Even before any piece is captured, the outcome of an all-out race might be foreseeable. One can decline or exit such a race by bringing the friendly elephant home to defend; a slow counterattack may then be feasible.

While early rabbit advances require caution, a goal threat could decide a race even before captures begin, as one side might soon have to defend goal rather than keep pace with captures.

title: Arimaa/Race Positions


text:
Relationships

General

 * /About This Book/ : List of authors, organization, and notes.
 * /Recommended Books/ : Selected books to read if you would like to learn more.
 * /Q&A/ : Ask any questions you have about relationships.

The Science of Relationships

 * /The Evolution of the Human Brain/ : What makes us distinct from other animals.
 * /Admiration, Lust, Passion and Love/
 * /Hormones/ : The sexual peaks of women's monthly cycles - and how men can boost their testosterone without pills or patches.
 * /How Our Ancestors Lived/ : We're rediscovering the peaceful, egalitarian lifestyle of our ancestors.
 * /Communication Styles/ : Communication to form hierarchies, as opposed to communication to form support circles.
 * /How Women Select Men/ : High-status, entertaining men attract women's attention. Continual emotional connection makes women want a lasting relationship.
 * /How Men Select Women/ : Visible beauty attracts men's initial attention, but it is a woman's inner beauty that makes a man want a lasting relationship.
 * /Monogamy and Polygamy/ : Throughout history, many humans have been moderately polygamous. So are modern "serial monogamists."

Life Stages

 * Childhood - Seeking Unconditional Love : ...and what happens to people who weren't loved as children.
 * Adolescence - Seeking Romantic Love : Young people feel passionate desire for mirrors of themselves.
 * Adulthood - Families And Forgiveness : Mature individuals love their real partners.
 * Agape - Altruistic Love : How loving one individual leads to loving others.

Practical Advice

 * /Where Couples Met/ : Friends and family introduced them at school, work, and church.
 * /Flirting/ : How to be fascinating to the opposite sex.
 * /How to Write a Personal Ad/ : ...and find a website or publication that gets you dates.
 * /Dating/ : Help your date experience a wide range of emotions.
 * Sex : Pregnancy, STDs - and tips for better kissing and "aural" sex.
 * Becoming a Couple : Switch gender roles to move from dating to a committed relationship.
 * Conflict In Relationships : Learning to love while accepting disagreement makes you healthy and, in the long run, happy.

Personality Types

 * /Emotional Control Systems/ : The basis of personality types.
 * /Zeus-Hera/ : Power, tradition, and social status.
 * /Poseidon-Athena/ : Integrating emotions with prudence.
 * /Apollo-Artemis/ : Adventure and good sense.
 * /Hermes-Hestia/ : A fun, happy home.
 * /Ares-Hephaestus-Aphrodite/ : The weekend warrior and the movie star.
 * /Dionysus-Demeter/ : Wounding and healing.
 * /Hades-Persephone/ : Transformation and transcendence.

title: Relationships


text:
Relationships/The Evolution of the Human Brain

Large brains are humans' most distinctive anatomical feature. Our brains are about four times bigger than chimpanzees' and gorillas' brains.

Brains use twenty times the calories of muscles at rest. Brains require maintaining a constant temperature. Large brains are easily injured, and make childbirth difficult. Intelligence has many costs, yet doesn't directly help an animal survive (e.g. a big brain doesn't make you run faster or survive colder weather).

Our ancestors' brains began to enlarge about two million years ago. Two million years is short in evolutionary time.

The Triune Brain
Our brains comprise three distinct structures, representing three evolutionary periods.

The oldest, deepest, and smallest area is the reptilian brain. The reptilian brain controls the heart, lungs, and other vital organs. It enables aggression, mating, and reaction to immediate danger.

Mammals evolved the limbic system. This is the middle layer of our brains, surrounding the reptilian brain. The physiological features unique to mammals are in the limbic brain, e.g., the hypothalamus system for keeping us warm.

The limbic brain also produces emotions. Emotions facilitate relationships. Mammals, unlike reptiles, care for their young. Mammals evolved brains hardwired for mother-child and other relationships.

"The most common reaction a reptile has to its young is indifference; it lays its eggs and walks (or slithers) away. Mammals form close-knit, mutually nurturant social groups-families-in which members spend time touching and caring for one another. Parents nourish and safeguard their young, and each other, from the hostile world outside their group. A mammal will risk and sometimes lose its life to protect a child or mate from attack. A garter snake or salamander watches the death of its kin with an unblinking eye."

- Thomas Lewis, Fari Amini, and Richard Lannon A General Theory of Love (2000)

The cerebral cortex (or neocortex) is the newest, outermost area of our brains. The oldest mammals, e.g. opossums, have only a thin layer of cerebral cortex. Rabbits have a little more, cats a bit more. Monkeys have a substantial cerebral cortex. Humans—and only humans—have an enormous cerebral cortex.

The human reptilian brain and limbic system is similar in size and structure to other animals. I.e., our ancestors evolved a huge cerebral cortex, while the older brain areas didn't change.

The cerebral cortex learns new things. Animals with little or no cerebral cortex act only as their genes program them to act. Animals with a cerebral cortex can find new foods, survive in new environments, or change their mating tactics to improve reproductive success.

The human cerebral cortex goes beyond learning new foods and survival skills. Our brains can think in abstractions. We communicate via symbols (e.g. language), consider the past and future, and sacrifice our personal interests not only for our families (as other mammals do) but also for ideas (e.g. honor and country).

Conflicts between brain areas lead to relationship difficulties. In a conflicted brain, the older area wins. In contrast, an individual with an integrated brain—i.e., who uses his or her whole brain—solves relationship problems.

Ontogeny Recapitulates Phylogeny
A child's development mimics its species' evolution.

Infants live in their reptilian brains. They eat, breathe, crawl, sleep, etc.

Children live in their limbic brains. They feel emotions strongly. They use emotions to form relationships.

Adolescents live in their cerebral cortexes. They strive to become unique individuals. They quest to find abstract principles to live by.

Adult relationships invert childhood development. Men and women use cerebral cortex abstractions (e.g. gender roles) to attract opposite sex partners. If a couple then feels limbic brain emotionally connected "chemistry," they form a relationship. If the relationship goes well, sooner or later they're in bed, using their reptilian brains.

Love develops a child's limbic brain. Unloved children fail to develop limbic brains capable of emotional intimacy. Such an individual can relate on a reptilian level—e.g. food, warmth, sex—or on a cerebral cortex level—e.g. excelling at accounting or the law—but have difficulty with intimacy.

Natural vs. Sexual Selection
In The Origin of Species (1859), Charles Darwin wrote that species evolve via random mutations. Environmental changes—e.g. changing food sources, predation, climate—favor one mutation over another. He called this process natural selection.

The conventional view is that our smarter, larger-brained ancestors invented tools, and then dominated their smaller-brained relations. The archaeological facts don't support this "man the toolmaker" hypothesis.

Our ancestors first used stone tools 2.5 million years, or 100,000 generations, ago. This book has about 50,000 words. To refer to the first human as your "great-great-great…grandparent," you'd have to replace every word in this book with "great," and you'd need two books.

After one million years, or near the end of the first book, our ancestors' brains were more than double in size. Archaeologists can see slight improvements in their stone tools.

500,000 years ago—halfway through the second book—our ancestors' brains were nearly as big as our brains. Our ancestors started using fire. Fire enabled them to move from Africa to colder Europe and Asia.

50,000 years ago—eight pages from the end of the second book—our ancestors' brains reached modern size. Their stone tools became thinner and sharper. They carved small ornamental figurines from ivory, shell, and stone. They created beautiful cave paintings. They built the first ocean-going boats.

5,000-10,000 years ago—the last page of the second book—our ancestors developed agriculture. Poor nutrition made farmers' bodies and brains smaller. They invented writing and metal tools. They invented the bow and arrow—a weapon that seems primitive to us.

Our ancestors' brains enlarged before technological advances. Our ancestors' brains were required for each new technological innovation. Tool use was one of many uses for our large brains. Something else drove human brain evolution.

Sexual Selection
In The Descent of Man (1871), Darwin wrote that natural selection failed to explain human evolution. Instead, he proposed an alternative theory. Species evolve when males and females select each other for certain qualities. He called this sexual selection. Biologists ignored this idea for over a century.

Female mammals, in general, are more selective than males. Females in most mammal species do most of the work of producing and raising children. In contrast, fathering offspring is less work, so males aren't so choosy.

"The exertion of some choice on the part of the female seems almost as general a law as the eagerness of the male."

- Charles Darwin, The Descent of Man (1871)

Females choose males with features that make the males less able to survive. E.g., a peacock's bright colors make him visible to predators, and his huge tail slows his escapes. His beautiful tail communicates to peahens that he is an especially fit individual, i.e., he is so fast that he can escape predators despite his heavy tail. Sexual selection is, in general, the opposite of natural selection.

Natural selection advances via slow environmental change. Natural selection advances evolution only in harsh environments (e.g. predation, climate change). Natural selection produces animals better able to survive—usually smaller, more efficient, and less conspicuous.

In contrast, sexual selection advances with each generation. Sexual selection produces rapid evolutionary changes. Sexual selection advances evolution in stable environments. Sexual selection produces animals (especially males) less able to survive, with bigger, brighter, or exaggerated features.

Did cerebral Cortex evolve by sexual selection?
Humans' over-sized brains could have evolved rapidly due to sexual selection. Evolution of a larger cerebral cortex and the ability to use it puts human beings in control of nature and not the other way round. This is essential to rear a weak and young newborn. Women perhaps started to prefer men who could lay out a good shelter from predators and were smart enough if not strong enough to protect the young from the predator. And also a man perhaps started to prefer a woman who was smart enough to hide herself from predators, make a conducive and nurturing environment for the young.

Our cerebral cortexes enable many behaviors, e.g. speech and language. But what's striking about the cerebral cortex is how much of it is not dedicated to specific behaviors. The human cerebral cortex has billions of general-purpose neurons, capable of learning any new idea. Why were our ancestral mothers and fathers—unlike any other animals—sexually attracted to partners who could learn new ideas?

Monogamy and Lying
Most nonhuman mammal fathers have little or no involvement with their offspring. Male gorillas kill infants fathered by other males. Male chimpanzees help all the youngsters in their group, but they don't know who fathered each child.

Human evolution may have begun when fathers helped raise their children, giving the children a survival advantage. Among hunter-gatherers today, children without fathers are more than twice as likely to die during childhood.

Monogamy could cause a conflict between two reproductive strategies. A man could try to have sex with many women, risking rejection from women, violence from other men, or his fatherless children not surviving. Although initially more offspring might be conceived this way, such a man might father no surviving children.

Or a man could choose to be in a monogamous relationship, and actively raise his children. Such a man would father only a few children, but his children would likely survive and prosper.

A woman could have sex with a desirable (e.g. high-status, tall, strong, handsome) man, and risk competing women taking him from her. Or she could choose a stable, monogamous relationship with a less-desirable man who no other woman wanted.

Sexual Lying Could Have Driven Cerebral Cortex Development
Getting caught reduces a liar's reproductive success. Catching liars increases the lie-catcher's reproductive success.

Lying requires imagination, quick thinking, and, above all, thinking of new lies. Catching lies requires imagination, quick thinking, and a long memory.

Those are cerebral cortex activities. Effective liars also match their emotions to their lies. You catch lies when an individual's emotional state doesn't match his or her words. Effective lying requires integrating one's cerebral cortex with one's limbic brain.

A man or woman with a larger cerebral cortex, well-integrated with his or her limbic brain, is better able to sexually lie, and to catch sexual lies. Such men and women became our ancestors.


text:
Relationships/About This Book

In 1999–2000, Thomas David Kehoe took two relationships counseling courses in a graduate school psychology program and was surprised to learn that neither course had a textbook. One course had an excellent reading list. Using these sources Thomas David Kehoe put together a relationships counseling textbook. In 2003, Thomas David Kehoe published Hearts and Minds: How Our Brains Are Hardwired for Relationships.

Not many people bought the book, so Thomas David Kehoe decided to make the book available free at Wikibooks. That contribution formed the first version of the book here, which we the Wikibooks community are now free to improve!

title: Relationships/About This Book


text:
User talk:Jtan163

Where did these pictures come from: ?

Are they copyrighted?--Filthy swine 22:52, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:Beaten zone.png
Thanks for uploading Image:Beaten zone.png. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikibooks because of copyright law, and requires that we maintain a strict copyright policy. The image that may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and status.

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Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information or giving false information can be deleted by an administrator. If you have any questions, feel free to contact me, or ask another Wikibookian at the help desk. Thank you.  – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 01:53, 13 July 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jtan163


text:
User talk:Quelz~enwikibooks

Your Wikibook and the Buffy Wikia
Hello and welcome to Wikibooks! I'm sorry to say that your book, Buffy the Vampire Slayer/cover, might not be appropriate for our site, however. Wikibooks must be textbooks on subjects taught at accredited institutions. If you can show that such an institution does teach this subject and you intend to write this book in the format of a textbook, then it can become a part of Wikibooks, Otherwise, it will have to go. Fortunately, your work will not have been done in vain! A good place for your content exists at Buffy. I recommend you move your book there. If you have any questions or would like some help, ask on this page and I'll respond as soon as I can. Good luck with your work, hagindaz 23:16, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Quelz. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Quelz~enwikibooks that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

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Renamed
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title: User talk:Quelz~enwikibooks


text:
User talk:82.37.242.186

Your Wikibook and the Buffy Wikia
Hello and welcome to Wikibooks! I'm sorry to say that your book, Buffy the Vampire Slayer/cover, might not be appropriate for our site, however. Wikibooks must be textbooks on subjects taught at accredited institutions. If you can show that such an institution does teach this subject and you intend to write this book in the format of a textbook, then it can become a part of Wikibooks, Otherwise, it will have to go. Fortunately, your work will not have been done in vain! A good place for your content exists at Buffy. I recommend you move your book there. If you have any questions or would like some help, ask on this page and I'll respond as soon as I can. Good luck with your work, hagindaz 23:16, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:82.37.242.186


text:
Talk:Ada Programming/New Name needed

New Name needed
We are pretty successful on Book of the month - however the issue of WB:NC has arissen and it seems we need a new name for our book.

Since WB:NC prescribes that the Book name is also used for the templates and category I am in favor of a short name like Ada or prehaps Ada 2006. For the later we would need to wait until the AdaIC finaly agrees on a name (or have they already).

For the Chapters I believe the Subpage seperator "/" will suit us better then the namespace seperator ":".

--Krischik 07:04, 4 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Note also that WB:NC has been superseded by WB:NP, although it's largely the same. As you can see from this page, I've recommend the '/' delimiter, since newbies who add pages almost always fail to provide backlinks, and the 'flat' structure to make it easier to reorganise the structure later, although you may prefer to include a minimal hierarchy if you have hundreds of pages. - Aya T C 20:04, 7 August 2005 (UTC)

 * It is also needed to change the names of the categories to something like Category:Ada Programming:Ada 2005 feature (supposing the new title is "Ada Programming"). I also propose to change the name of the categories Category:Ada unfinished article and Category:Ada empty article because in Wikibooks there are no articles but "modules" (this is no the Wikipedia). --surueña 15:36, August 8, 2005 (UTC)

 * Note that we also have families of templates that start with Template:Ada 2005, Template:Ada 95 and Template:Ada 83 (and also a single template called Template:Ada2005, but this is a redirection to Template:Ada 2005) like those that point to the ARM: Template:Ada 95/RM1. Maybe we must also create the following redirections to the wikibook: Ada 2005, Ada 95 and Ada 83. How many redirections are allowed for a Wikibook? In my opinion if the naming conventions forbid us to use those template names the naming policy is too restrictive --surueña 15:47, August 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, maybe we can use, instead of Template:Ada 2005/RM1, "just" Template:Ada/2005/RM1 and have only one additional domain name (it's a lot of work, we need a tool! The same for Template:Adakw -> Template:Ada/kw). It's true that every wikibook cannot "polute" the namespace as desired. --surueña 17:36, August 8, 2005 (UTC)

 * Yes, we need a tool. I am annoyed because pywikipedia bots lack a rename tool. It can rename a category but not a list of pages. For the pages all it can do is to fix the redirects that are created after moving a page so the referring pages link to the new name. For templates, it can replace a template instantiation by another. I don't know whether it would be easy to make a renamer tool based on its framework or from scratch. ManuelGR 20:43, 9 August 2005 (UTC)

Ada 2005

 * According to Ada05 rational they have accorded to call it Ada 2005.

 * There has been much discussion on whether the language should be called Ada 2005 or Ada 2006. For various reasons the WG9 meeting in York in June 2005 decided that the vernacular name should be Ada 2005.
 * I think "Ada" is too short, better "Ada Programming" or "Programming in Ada". "Ada 2005" would be a good marketing name and not so short, but I still prefer to see the word programming on it. But no strong opinion on that. ManuelGR 22:51, 4 August 2005 (UTC)

Ada Programming

 * As for long names I prefer Ada Programming - if only for the venable (and cheaty) TIOBE Programming Community Index.
 * I think that Programming in Ada will also work for this purpose. --surueña 15:36, August 8, 2005 (UTC)

 * However the Naming conventions prescribes that the Book name, and not a short form of it, is used for Templates and Categories. Especialy for Templates this would hurt us since we use templates in code samples.

 * Remember that Naming conventions is still proposed policy. I don't like very much that point of the policy. I have given arguments against it in Wikibooks talk:Naming conventions. ManuelGR 17:10, 5 August 2005 (UTC)

 * If your suggestion gets acceptet I would support Ada Programming. - Strange that suruena has not said anything yet....

 * Hello again --I've returned for a few days, I'm on vacations--. I don't like that the title refers to the version of the language covered because it is also useful for people not using the new admendment, and all we want that in the future the Wikibook will be updated for the next revisions of Ada. Maybe the "subtitle" can include this (not a part of the page name).
 * Ada Programming sounds OK for me, but I'm not a native English speaker. Maybe if we post to comp.lang.ada we will have valuable ideas. --surueña 15:36, August 8, 2005 (UTC)

 * Why the naming policy prescribes the title "Ada Programming"? --surueña 15:36, August 8, 2005 (UTC)

Votes
All options with redirection from Ada (except the first) and Programming:Ada.

Ada Programming

 * 1) --Krischik 06:12, 8 August 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) --surueña 15:36, August 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * 3) --obry 20:28, August 8, 2005 (MEST)
 * 4) --ManuelGR 20:43, 9 August 2005 (UTC)

Programming in Ada

 * 1) --surueña 15:36, August 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) --ManuelGR 20:43, 9 August 2005 (UTC)

Existing name
There are more than three hundred books in amazon.com about Ada (but there are some editions of the ARM and the Rationale, and several conference proceedings). When searching for "programming in Ada", besides the well known "Programming in Ada 95" of John Barnes, there are several books named "Programming in Ada" or "Programming in ADA", but also "Programming with Ada". I suppose there are no problems, but can we choose an existing name for the wikibook? --surueña 16:17, August 8, 2005 (UTC)

 * See Avoid Copyright Paranoia. - Aya T C 18:03, 8 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Don't worry about this. Only a registered mark could forbid the usage and for that you should give a fully new word, not a common english phrase. All that could be said if we choose "Programming in Ada" is that we haven't been original. ManuelGR 20:43, 9 August 2005 (UTC)

Separator
Should we vote also for the separator? Or is there agreement on using "/" after the renaming? ManuelGR 20:43, 9 August 2005 (UTC)

 * I like the "/" separator (without surrounding white spaces, as stated in WB:NP) because it's the recommended one for new wikibooks. It has the advantage of the links to the parent pages. But, can these links be removed? --surueña 09:51, August 10, 2005 (UTC)

 * I too like the "/" separator - It is also the standart seperator for URL (http://host/path/doc, ftp://path/file.ext, etc. pp) - it gives the pages name more a normal html fell.

Conversion to the new naming policy
Steps for converting the wikibook to the new Naming policy:

 * 1) Choose a new title [[Image:yes.png|20px]] Result: Ada Programming
 * 2) Reserve the new title [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 3) Register the wikibook's aliases (at Alias Registry? Card Catalog Office?) [[Image:non.png|20px]]
 * 4) * Programming:Ada (old cover) — Not actually an alias, but a "catalog" of wikibooks about the Ada language (currently a redirection to the only one).
 * 5) * Ada (template short-cut)
 * 6) Choose the separator [[Image:yes.png|20px]] Result: "/"
 * 7) List all available templates in Template:Ada [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 8) Rename all templates to the Ada book alias domain: [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 9) * Template:Adakw -> Template:Ada/kw
 * 10) * Template:Ada2005 -> Template:Ada/2005
 * 11) * Template:Ada 2005 -> Template:Ada/2005
 * 12) * Template:Ada 2005/RM1 -> Template:Ada/2005/RM1
 * 13) * Template:Ada 2005/RM2 -> Template:Ada/2005/RM2
 * 14) * Template:Ada 2005/RM3 -> Template:Ada/2005/RM3
 * 15) * Template:Ada 2005/RMA -> Template:Ada/2005/RMA1
 * 16) * Template:Ada 2005/RMA1 -> Template:Ada/2005/RMA1
 * 17) * Template:Ada 2005/RMA2 -> Template:Ada/2005/RMA2
 * 18) * Template:Ada 2005/RMA3 -> Template:Ada/2005/RMA3
 * 19) * Template:Ada 95/RM1 -> Template:Ada/95/RM1
 * 20) * Template:Ada 95/RM2 -> Template:Ada/95/RM2
 * 21) * Template:Ada 95/RM3 -> Template:Ada/95/RM3
 * 22) * Template:Ada 95/RMA -> Template:Ada/95/RMA1
 * 23) * Template:Ada 95/RMA1 -> Template:Ada/95/RMA1
 * 24) * Template:Ada 95/RMA2 -> Template:Ada/95/RMA2
 * 25) * Template:Ada 95/RMA3 -> Template:Ada/95/RMA3
 * 26) * Template:Ada 83/RM1 -> Template:Ada/83/RM1
 * 27) * Template:Ada 83/RM2 -> Template:Ada/83/RM2
 * 28) * Template:Ada 83/RM3 -> Template:Ada/83/RM3
 * 29) * Template:Ada 83/RMA -> Template:Ada/83/RMA1
 * 30) * Template:Ada 95/SG1 -> Template:Ada/95/SG1
 * 31) * Template:Ada 95/SG2 -> Template:Ada/95/SG2
 * 32) * Template:Ada 95/SG3 -> Template:Ada/95/SG3
 * 33) * Template:Ada 83/SG1 -> Template:Ada/83/SG1
 * 34) * Template:Ada 83/SG2 -> Template:Ada/83/SG2
 * 35) * Template:Ada 83/SG3 -> Template:Ada/83/SG3
 * 36) * Template:Ada 95/R1 -> Template:Ada/95/R1
 * 37) * Template:Ada 95/R2 -> Template:Ada/95/R2
 * 38) * Template:Ada 95/R3 -> Template:Ada/95/R3
 * 39) * Template:Ada 83/R2 -> Template:Ada/83/R2
 * 40) * Template:Ada Keywords -> Template:Ada/Keywords
 * 41) * Template:Ada Navigation 1 -> Template:Ada/Navigation 1
 * 42) * Template:Ada Navigation 2 -> Template:Ada/Navigation 2
 * 43) * Template:Ada Navigation 3 -> Template:Ada/Navigation 3
 * 44) Update Programming:Ada:Contributing and Template:Ada with the new template names [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 45) Choose the new categories:  [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 46) * Category:Ada programming language -> Category:Ada Programming
 * 47) * Category:Ada unfinished article -> Category:Ada Programming/Unfinished module
 * 48) * Category:Ada empty article -> Category:Ada Programming/Empty module
 * 49) * Category:Ada 2005 feature -> Category:Ada Programming/Ada 2005 feature
 * 50) List all available images and rename them:
 * 51) * Image:Ada 1838.jpg -> Remove it, using the version available at the Commons:Image:Ada Lovelace 1838.jpg [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 52) * Image:Ada types.png -> [[Image:Ada Programming/Type hierarchy.png]] [[Image:non.png|20px]]
 * 53) Convert every page of the wikibook: [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 54) * Move to the new location (Ada Programming/Page Name Link) [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 55) * Change all the wikis following the new naming convention [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 56) * Change the templates [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 57) * Change the categories [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 58) Modify the wikis inside templates following the new naming convention [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 59) Ask an administrator to move some pages: [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 60) * Template:Adakw -> Template:Ada/kw
 * 61) Remove some pages (clean namespace ):
 * 62) * Template redirections (otherwise, people will continue using the old templates, which are outside the domain name), listed in step 6. [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 63) * Old categories, except the Category:Ada programming language because can be used to track every wikibook that has a reference to Ada (maybe the proper name should be Category:Programming:Ada) [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 64) * Programming:Ada:Packages:System:System.Address_Image [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 65) * Programming:Ada:Packages:System.System.Address_Image [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 66) * Template:Ada Navigation [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 67) * Template:Ada 2006 [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 68) * Template:Ada/83/RMA [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 69) * Template:Ada/RMA [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 70) * Template:AdaIC [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 71) * Image:Ada 1838.jpg [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 72) * Image:Ada types.png [[Image:non.png|20px]]
 * 73) Update the new title on the various Bookshelves: [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 74) * Dewey [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 75) * Programming languages bookshelf [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 76) * Template:Computer Science bookshelf [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 77) * Ada programming language [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 1) * Template:Adakw -> Template:Ada/kw
 * 2) Remove some pages (clean namespace ):
 * 3) * Template redirections (otherwise, people will continue using the old templates, which are outside the domain name), listed in step 6. [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 4) * Old categories, except the Category:Ada programming language because can be used to track every wikibook that has a reference to Ada (maybe the proper name should be Category:Programming:Ada) [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 5) * Programming:Ada:Packages:System:System.Address_Image [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 6) * Programming:Ada:Packages:System.System.Address_Image [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 7) * Template:Ada Navigation [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 8) * Template:Ada 2006 [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 9) * Template:Ada/83/RMA [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 10) * Template:Ada/RMA [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 11) * Template:AdaIC [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 12) * Image:Ada 1838.jpg [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 13) * Image:Ada types.png [[Image:non.png|20px]]
 * 14) Update the new title on the various Bookshelves: [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 15) * Dewey [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 16) * Programming languages bookshelf [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 17) * Template:Computer Science bookshelf [[Image:yes.png|20px]]
 * 18) * Ada programming language [[Image:yes.png|20px]]

I think that these are the major steps that must be done. Please, feel free to add any step or to change anything. When we've reached an agreement the migration can start. When does the poll for choosing the new title end? Maybe next monday, August 15? --surueña 14:08, August 10, 2005 (UTC)

 * I agree with all the points except for category names. We should use the same separator used for other pages: Category:Ada Programming/Empty module. About deletions, I am in favour of removing old categories and templates, and leaving the module redirections given that it may exist external pages pointing to current modules (e. g. Spanish interwiki links, although these ones will be corrected sooner or later). --ManuelGR 19:22, 10 August 2005 (UTC)

 * OK, I've just changed the colon separator of the categories with a slash. Note that the proposal for the new categories change slightly the name because in Wikibooks there are modules, not articles.
 * Also, I've also added the possibility or adapting to the domain name the image of Ada Lovelace, but maybe we can just delete this image and use the same image form the Commons Image:Ada Lovelace 1838.jpg. --surueña 21:05, August 10, 2005 (UTC)

I think that the migration plan is nearly finished, if you found any problem or a missing step please, make any needed change. I'll try to convert every template to the new naming convention this weekend, because the new title poll ends the next monday and I will be at travel since the next tuesday. I will try to work in the migration as much as possible, it would be fine that we have finished it before September because it could be the next book of the month. We can achieve both. --surueña 08:22, August 12, 2005 (UTC)

Categories and templates
I have used the old navigational templates parameters (Template:Ada/Navigation 1, etc.) for adding all the pages to the new category Category:Ada Programming. This has the benefit that during the transition all the pages are attached to both categories until we delete or modify the old category from all pages, i.e no two different sets of pages in two categories. The inconvenience is that the category added through a template is not immediately visible in the category page. I don't know whether the category is refreshed when each page is edited or when a category cache is outdated. What do you think about this? Should we use categories in templates? If the answer is no, we can delete the categories from the templates when all the pages have been updated. ManuelGR 17:22, 18 August 2005 (UTC)

 * It's a good idea to mark the category in the navigation templates during the transition, but I think that later it's preferable to use categories in templates only in special cases, like to tag Ada 2005 features. Aside the problems with the cache, some pages should not be put into Category:Ada Programming, like the category page itself or Category:Ada programming language. Of course in that pages a text substitution can be used instead a template usage, but anyway I prefer not to use this category inside the template. --surueña 09:29, August 25, 2005 (UTC)

Migration (nearly) finished
There are some minor points to do, but currently the migration to the new naming policy can be considered finished:

 * The aliases must be registered
 * The image with the type hierarchy must be moved (Manuel, as the uploader, maybe you want to do that), and then request the removal of the old image.

And probably there are links in some pages that haven't been modified. Also, note the new usage of the Category:Ada programming language. I think that this is sound, and no Wikibook can be title that way because it is lower case, however the Category:C programming language and Category:C plus plus programming language have a different use. What do you think about this? --surueña 14:20, August 26, 2005 (UTC)

 * I see that Category:Ada programming language is fixed as well now - I guess we can archive this discussion now . --Krischik 07:12, 11 September 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ada Programming/New Name needed


text:
User talk:200.43.248.122

Welcome
Thank you for adding to the French adjectives page and the Spanish Wikibook.

Welcome to Wikibooks, collection of open-content textbooks! You don't have to log in to read or edit articles on Wikibooks, but creating an account is quick, free and non-intrusive, requires no personal information, and gives you many benefits, including:
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We hope that you choose to become a Wikibooks and create an account. We hope you enjoy your time here on Wikibooks as a Wikibookian! --hagindaz 23:42, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:200.43.248.122


text:
Wikijunior:United States Charters of Freedom/History of the Charters of Freedom

In 1952, the ../Declaration of Independence/ and the ../Constitution/ came to join the ../Bill of Rights/ (which was placed in 1938) at the National Archives. In fact, the documents did not receive the name "Charters of Freedom" until 1953. Where were the Charters of Freedom before then? This article will tell you about their history.

History of the Declaration of Independence (1776-1921)
On July 19, 1776, Congress resolved "that the Declaration passed on the 4th, be fairly engrossed on parchment, with the title and stile of "The unanimous declaration of the thirteen United States of America," and that the same, when engrossed, be signed by every member of Congress. Timothy Matlack, an assistant to Charles Thomson, the secretary of the Continental Congress, did the engrossing (calligraphy with large letters) on a single sheet of parchment. On August 2, 1776, the Declaration of Independence was signed by the delegates.

The Declaration of Independence, probably rolled up like other parchment documents of the time, moved with Congress from city to city throughout the Revolutionary War. Each time the document was used, it would have been unrolled and re-rolled.

In September 1789 the Secretary of Congress transferred the Declaration to the custody of the Secretary of State, and then it moved with the national government, from New York to Philadelphia and then in 1800 to Washington, D.C..

In 1814, when the British attacked Washington, D.C., the Declaration of Independence was evacuated, first to an unused gristmill near Chain Bridge over the Potomac River and later to a private home near Leesburg, Virginia. By 1817, the Secretary of State Richard Rush noted that the "hand of time" had faded the signatures.

In 1820, Secretary of State John Quincy Adams contracted with William J. Stone to engrave a facsimile of the Declaration, it was completed in 1823. It is because of Stone's engraving plate, now in the National Archives, that we know what the Declaration of Independence looked like.

In 1841, when the new Patent Office building opened (now the Smithsonian's National Portrait Gallery at Seventh and F Streets, NW), Secretary of State Daniel Webster sent the Declaration of Independence and other interesting documents (such as General Washington's commission in the Revolutionary Army) to be exhibited for public viewing, and it remained there, exposed to natural light, for thirty-five years. During its stay at the Patent Office, the combined effects of aging, sunlight, and fluctuating temperature and relative humidity took their toll on the document, and observers remarked on its worn and faded appearance.

The Declaration of Independence was exhibited at Independence Hall in Philadelphia for exhibit at the Centennial National Exposition in 1876, and when it returned to Washington, D.C. in 1877, it was placed on exhibit at the new State-War-Navy Building (now the Eisenhower Executive Office Building) next to the White House.

In 1892, a new steel case was constructed, and plans were made to send it to Chicago for the World's Columbian Exposition, but at the last minute it was decided that due to the fading of the text and the deterioration of the parchment, the Declaration of Independence could no longer be safely exhibited and the plans were cancelled. The Declaration was carefully wrapped and stored flat in the State Department library until 1921.

History of the Constitution (1787-1921)
The Constitutional Convention met in Philadelphia during the summer of 1787, and on September 16-17, 1787, Jacob Shallus, an assistant clerk of the Pennsylvania State Assembly, engrossed the Constitution on four sheets of parchment. Delegates signed it on page four. The Constitution, like the Declaration, passed to the custody of the Department of State in 1789, moved with the government, and was evacuated to Leesburg in 1814. The Constitution was never exhibited, and there are only a few mentions of it in the historical records.

History of the Bill of Rights (1789-1951)
The joint resolution of Congress proposing twelve amendments to the Constitution, like the laws of the first Congress, was engrossed on a single sheet of parchment by a congressional clerk, William Lambert, in September 1789. The Speaker of the House, Frederick Augustus Muhlenberg, and the president of the Senate, John Adams, signed it. By 1791 three-fourths of the states had ratified articles three through twelve, and they became the first ten amendments, the Bill of Rights.

Unfortunately, practically nothing is known about the Bill of Rights between 1789 and 1938, except that it was kept with other signed original laws and resolutions, moved with the government, and although not specifically mentioned, was probably evacuated to Leesburg in 1814.

In 1938, the State Department transferred the original laws and resolutions of Congress, including constitutional amendments, to the National Archives. The first known photograph of the Bill of Rights was made to illustrate the National Archives annual report in 1941. From September 1947 to January 1949, the Bill of Rights was the featured document on the tour of the ../Freedom Train/, which carried 126 historic documents to 322 cities. The Bill of Rights was on exhibit in the National Archives Building from September 1949 to January 1951. During the Korean War, the Bill of Rights and other documents of high intrinsic value were sent to the Roosevelt Library in Hyde Park, New York.

History of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution (1921-1952)
From 1921 to 1952 the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution share a common history. In 1920 a committee of scholars investigated and made recommendations for the permanent preservation and possible exhibition of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. A year later, President Warren Harding signed an executive order transferring custody of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution from the State Department to the Library of Congress. The next day, the Librarian of Congress, Herbert Putnam, went to the State Department, signed a receipt, placed the Declaration and Constitution on a pile of leather mail sacks and a cushion in a Ford Model-T truck, returned with them to the Library of Congress, and placed them in a safe in his office. Putnam asked Congress for a special appropriation to create a dignified exhibit so that visitors to Washington could view the documents in a "sort of shrine." Congress gave him twelve thousand dollars, and the new exhibit opened in 1924. For the first time the Constitution was placed on exhibit, next to the Declaration of Independence. Newspapers reported that after almost 150 years of traveling the two great documents had finally found a permanent home.

In 1926, Congress made its first appropriation for a National Archives Building. At the laying of the cornerstone on February 20, 1933, President Herbert Hoover announced that "the most sacred documents of our history— the originals of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States" would be placed on display there. Later that year, architect John Russell Pope selected Barry Faulkner to paint two large murals for the Exhibition Hall, the subjects of which were the signing of those two great documents. The murals depict Thomas Jefferson presenting the Declaration of Independence to John Hancock and James Madison presenting the final draft of the Constitution to George Washington.

In 1934 President Franklin Roosevelt selected the first Archivist of the United States, R.D.W. Connor, and they both believed the Declaration and Constitution belonged in the new National Archives Building. When reporters asked, Connor declined comment but gave reporters a copy of Hoover's speech. Librarian Putnam declared that President Hoover "made a mistake." The two great documents were at the Library of Congress by executive order of the President and an act of Congress (the appropriation to build the exhibit), and they would remain there in their shrine instead of moving to the "lobby" of the National Archives Building. Connor was furious, but he remained silent. He owed his job to the recommendation of J. Franklin Jameson, chief of the Manuscript Division at the Library of Congress, and Connor had promised Jameson he would not take the initiative in seeking the transfer of the documents. Ironically, it was Jameson, the dean of American historians, who suggested the people to be included in the Faulkner's two great murals and approved his sketches. Privately, Connor talked to President Roosevelt several times about transferring the documents to the National Archives, but they agreed it would be best to wait until Putnam left the scene.

Then, World War II intervened. In December 1941, the Library of Congress sent the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution to the bullion depository at Fort Knox, Kentucky, for safekeeping. By September 1944, it was decided to return the documents to their permanent exhibit at the shrine in the Library of Congress. The new Archivist of the United States, Solon Buck, had no intention of pressing for their transfer to the National Archives.

The Charters of Freedom at the National Archives (1951-present)
On September 17, 1951, there was a grand ceremony at the Library of Congress for the reopening of a permanent encasement for the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution, newly sealed in helium by the Bureau of Standards. The distinguished guests included President Truman, the new Librarian of Congress, Luther Evans, and the new Archivist of the United States, Wayne Grover.

President Truman admitted that preserving the parchments might prove difficult, but the ideas in the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States would never perish and they would continue to give energy and hope to new generations in the United States and in other countries. Truman also said the first ten amendments, the Bill of Rights, were just as fundamental a part of our basic law.

Truman then added a sentence, in his handwriting, to the reading copy of his speech: "I hope these first ten amendments will be sealed up and placed alongside the original document. They are just as important."

While delivering his speech Truman slightly changed his own sentence. He said he hoped "the first ten amendments will be put on parchment and sealed up." And the Bill of Rights was not "just as important," but "the most important part of the Constitution."

A few weeks later, Wayne Grover and Luther Evans met for lunch and together hatched the plot to fulfill President Truman's request— to seal the Bill of Rights in helium and exhibit it alongside the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution in the National Archives Building.

Working together secretly, they agreed it would be necessary to formally clear the transfer with the President, congressional leaders, and Senator Theodore Green, the chairman of the Joint Committee on the Library. All favored the transfer. On April 30, 1952, Evans provided the agenda for the committee meeting, with the second item being "Transfer of certain documents to the National Archives." Evans went to the meeting alone because he knew that some of his colleagues at the library were hostile, and he wanted the committee not just to approve but to order him to transfer the documents, which it did unanimously. That led to seven months of remodeling of the National Archives Exhibition Hall and planning for the transfer.

The ceremony leaving the library on Saturday, December 13, 1952, was a spectacular event. The commanding general of the Air Force Headquarters Command formally received the documents at the Library of Congress at 11 a.m. Twelve members of the Armed Forces Special Police carried the five parchment pages, encased in helium-filled glass cases and enclosed in wooden crates, through a cordon of eighty-eight servicewomen down the library steps. The boxes were placed on mattresses in an armored Marine Corps personnel carrier. A color guard, ceremonial troops, the Army Band, the Air Force Drum and Bugle Corps, two light tanks, four servicemen carrying submachine guns, and a motorcycle escort paraded down Pennsylvania and Constitution Avenues to the Archives Building. Both sides of the street along the parade route were lined by Army, Navy, Coast Guard, Marine, and Air Force personnel. The general and the twelve special policemen arrived at the National Archives Building at 11:35 a.m., carried the crates up the steps, and formally delivered them into the custody of the Archivist of the United States.

Two days later, at 10:15 a.m., on Monday, December 15, 1952, the formal enshrining ceremony was equally impressive. Officials of more than one hundred national civic, patriotic, religious, veterans, educational, business, and labor groups crowded into the Exhibition Hall. The chief justice of the United States presided. After the invocation by the chaplain of the Senate, the governor of Delaware (the first state to ratify the Constitution) called the roll of states in the order in which they ratified the Constitution or were admitted to the Union. As each state was called, a servicewoman carrying the state flag entered the Exhibition Hall and remained at attention in front of the display cases circling the hall. President Truman announced that "the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the Bill of Rights are now assembled in one place for display and safekeeping." Senator Green briefly traced the history of the three documents, and the Librarian of Congress and the Archivist of the United States jointly unveiled the shrine. Finally, Chief Justice Vinson spoke briefly; the chaplain of the House of Representatives gave the benediction; the United States Marine Corps Band played the Star-Spangled Banner; the President was escorted from the hall; the bearers of the flags of the forty-eight states (Alaska and Hawaii were not states yet.) marched out and the ceremony was over.

Thus opened the new exhibit for the three parchment documents, together for the first time in one place and with a new collective name never before used: "the Charters of Freedom." Where did that phrase come from? President Truman must be given credit for first expressing the idea in 1951 of exhibiting the Bill of Rights with the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. But the three documents did not become the Charters of Freedom until 1953, when the National Archives published "The Charters of Freedom", an exhibit catalog that included facsimile copies of all six parchment sheets.

In his speech, President Truman said "we are engaged here today in a symbolic act. We are enshrining these documents for future ages. . . . This magnificent hall has been constructed to exhibit them, and the vault beneath, that we have built to protect them, is as safe from destruction as anything that the wit of modern man can devise." Truman was right, but now the wit of modern man has devised something better— the new encasements, which will house the charters beginning September 17, 2003.

In these new encasements, the eighteenth century meets the twenty-first century. Sophisticated monitoring systems will allow conservators to periodically check the condition of the parchments, and the sealed cases will provide a stable environment. As the latest in the line of custodians of these documents, the National Archives and Records Administration is working to ensure that future generations will be able view them and be inspired by them.

Reference
An article from the Winter 2002 issue of Prologue, the National Archive's magazine, about the history of the Charters of Freedom


text:
User talk:Avesga~enwikibooks

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally. 200.149.181.132 01:15, 29 June 2006 (UTC)

Images
As you can see at the top of this page, "All unlicensed images uploaded to wikibooks before November 1, 2006 will soon be deleted." You have uploaded images and some of them are untagged. You can see them here. Please review them and add appropriate tags. If you have any questions, feel free to ask me. --Think Fast 04:37, 13 November 2006 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Avesga. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Avesga~enwikibooks that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 22:58, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 04:36, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Avesga~enwikibooks


text:
User talk:JohnDodge

John Dodge (born November 9, 1982) is a musician, composer, arranger and teacher working in Tacoma, Washington.

John was born in California and raised throughout the West Coast of the United States.

 * Hello John. en.wikiversity.org is up and running in beta. I've started the School of Music there, which could use a lot of work, obviously. I'm Fang Aili there also. Cheers. --Fang Aili 17:49, 15 August 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:JohnDodge


text:
User:JohnDodge

John Dodge (born November 9, 1982) is a musician, composer, arranger and teacher working in Tacoma, Washington.

--JohnDodge 01:39, 29 June 2006 (UTC)
 * John was born in California and raised throughout the West Coast of the United States.

title: User:JohnDodge


text:
Talk:Chinese (Mandarin)/Pronunciation of Finals

Question about finals with the added "r"
There seems to be a discrepancy between this and the (en.)wikipedia about the pronunciation of the finals with the added "r". For example, here it says

 * -air = as in ai + er

while http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinyin#Pronunciation_of_finals describes

 * -air = as in ar

According to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Mandarin#Finals:

 * ''As a noun suffix (Traditional: -兒, Simplified: -儿). The suffix combines with the final, and regular changes occur as a result. The following chart shows how the finals from the above chart are affected by the addition of this suffix: ... The attached simply removes the codas  and, and removes the coda  by nasalizing the nucleus.

Anyone know if one or the other correct? 18.78.2.125 02:23, 29 June 2006 (UTC)


text:
Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Magic/Auror

Overview
An Auror is "a Dark wizard catcher". They are an elite group of witches and wizards, loyal to the Ministry of Magic, whose mission is to fight against and capture the forces of the Dark Arts. The requirements for becoming an Auror are, of necessity, quite stringent. By their fifth year at Hogwarts, Harry and Ron both want to be Aurors.

Extended Description
The Aurors are like a police force, and sometimes work as intelligence agents. They have the authority to arrest malefactors like Death Eaters, and at times have been given authority to use deadly force against Death Eaters in particular.

When we are first introduced to the office, Death Eaters are already gaining force in the Wizarding world, so the Aurors' mission is clearly defined. It is not as clear what the Auror department does when there is no center of Dark forces to fight; one gets the impression, however, that they continue to work as sort of an elite police group, a magical SWAT team of sorts perhaps.

Analysis
We learn very little about the types of work available to adult Wizards. There is of course the bureaucracy of the Ministry of Magic, of which we see more than a little; but of the actual work done by the Ministry there is not much on display. We have poor overworked Arthur Weasley's two-man department in its converted broom closet, trying to keep magical artifacts out of Muggle perception; we have, at one point, the Department of Games and Sports managing the Quidditch World Cup and reviving the Triwizard Tournament, and we have the Auror's department which seems to be the only group who actively go out and do stuff.

The Aurors, of course, have the most exciting and dangerous job, hunting other wizards. The skills required mean that the Auror must be capable of high levels of magical ability, and must be willing to face significant personal danger, increasing the attractiveness of the job. This does mean that Aurors receive significantly more training than is required for most other fields, and require higher grades in more subjects in order to apply; neither of these barriers to entry seems to make the job less attractive, however.

Training
It takes three years to become an Auror after attending Hogwarts. A candidate to become an Auror should meet the following requirements:

 * minimum of five N.E.W.T.s with no grade under "Exceeds Expectations"
 * recommended N.E.W.T. subjects are:
 * Defence Against the Dark Arts
 * Charms
 * Potions
 * Transfiguration

The fifth N.E.W.T. subject is left open to the candidate, but Harry evidently selects Herbology as his fifth. One would assume that Muggle Studies or Arithmancy would equally be acceptable.

If the candidate meets the above requirements he or she must also pass the following requirements:
 * background check for criminal record
 * "a stringent series of character and aptitude tests at the Auror office."

When accepted, the candidate continues on training. Once one becomes an "Auror trainee" they will be taught one of the following:
 * Concealment and Disguise
 * Stealth and Tracking

Known Aurors

 * Dawlish
 * Alice Longbottom (insanity due to Cruciatus Curse)
 * Frank Longbottom (insanity due to Cruciatus Curse)
 * Alastor 'Mad-Eye' Moody (retired)
 * Proudfoot
 * Gawain Robbards
 * Savage
 * Rufus Scrimgeour
 * Kingsley Shacklebolt
 * Nymphadora Tonks
 * Williamson


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Biomechanics/Hemodynamics

Introduction

 * There are 2 types of flow :

a) Pulsatile flow

Represented by cycles.

Each cycle consists of 2 parts:

1.	A working part (where V of blood flowing increases to max).

2.	A resting part (where V of blood flowing decreases to 0.

E.g. if the cycle occurs in 1 sec, 100 mL pass in 0.5 sec and 0 mL pass in the next 0.5 sec.

b) Continuous flow

Represented by a constant line.

The line can be considered as cycles, but with the time of resting part = 0 (always working).

E.g. if the cycle occurs in 1 sec, 50 mL pass in 0.5 sec and 50 mL pass in the next 0.5 sec.

 * Note: In lungs, the force that was acting on the walls was IPP, from outside the lung. In arteries, the force acting on the walls is the blood itself from inside the artery.

Cardiac work
Assuming a:

-	Volume rate = V / t = 100 mL / sec.

-	Pressure rate = P / t = 100 mm Hg / sec.

And noting that W = PV, 3 cases are considered:

1) Continuous flow with rigid arteries

Constant continuous output at 100mL / sec.

Constant pressure = 100 mm Hg

Thus, W = 10000 (mmHg)(mL/s) = 1.3 J

2) Pulsatile flow with rigid arteries

P is 2 times the 1st case since radius is constant and all flow occurs in half the time.

Thus, P = 200 mmHg.

Thus, W = 20000 (mmHg)(mL/s) = 2.6 J

3) Pulsatile flow with very compliant arteries

P in the vessel remains constant no matter how much fluid has been added:

When blood is added, the walls of the vessels balloon outwards, carrying a surplus of blood. This keeps P low.

When heart stops adding blood, as soon as some blood is drained, some blood in the balloon moves into the normal vessel. The walls move inwards by recoiling forces, maintaining P constant.

Thus P remains 100 mmHg.

Thus, W = 10000 (mmHg)(mL/s) = 1.3 J

Note

Case 2 and 3 are ideal cases. In real organisms, arteries have certain compliance so that P↑ slightly as blood is added and P↓ as blood is drained.

The more compliant the artery, the less work a pulsatile heart needs to do and the lower the P needed to pump the blood.

Arterial pulse

 * Rate and intensity of pulse can be used in diagnosis.

 * In this case, the artery is pressed from all directions by a band around the arm.

 * When P done on artery = blood pressure, a resonance sound is heard.

 * Normal count rate = 72 / min. Normal blood P = 80 (diastolic) and 120 (systolic).

Arteries functions
1)	The heart pumps blood in arteries as a pulsatile flow. Moving from great arteries to capillaries, the compliance of blood vessels converts the pulsatile flow into a continuous one by the time it reaches the cells.

2)	Allow heart to rest during half the cycle (they do the other half of the work).

3)	Reduce work done by heart (if they weren’t compliant, W would have been doubled).

4)	Decrease blood pressure to a normal value.

5)	Allow us to measure rate and intensity of pulse for diagnosis.

Effect of cholesterol deposits on blood pressure and flow
High blood pressure (hypertension) is generally caused by factors such as the renin-angiotensin system, salt and water retention etc.. Contrary to popular belief hypertension is usually a cause of cholesterol deposits rather than being caused by these. Hypertension damages the artery walls and allows atheromatous plaques to form. Once cholesterol has been deposited in an artery wall perfusion is reduced for a given level of blood pressure:

1) From continuity and Bernoulli’s equations

From the continuity eqn, A1v1 = A2v2.

Due to cholesterol deposits, A1 > A2 > v1 < v2.

From Bernoulli’s equation, ½ ρv2　　+ ρgh + P = constant.

Thus, since v1↓ > P1↑

2) From Poiseuille’s law

C = ∆V / ∆P = (∆V/t) / (∆P/t) = ∆Q / (∆P/t) >  ∆P / t = ∆Q / C

Thus, as cholesterol deposits on walls, it makes them rigid (decreases their compliance).

Thus, as C↓   (∆P/t) ↑           i.e. P1↑

Conclusion from both views

Blood pressure would need to increase to ensure a given level of tissue perfusion downstream of a plaque. This does not always occur with localised plaques and patients can report symptoms of underperfusion. In the heart underperfusion can lead to angina and sudden heart attacks, especially if a plaque becomes detached (e.g.: coronary thrombosis). Atheromatous plaques are usually fairly localised in the initial stages of the disease. In places such as the kidneys, where regulatory mechanisms exist to ensure adequate blood flow, the existence of atheromatous plaques can cause the further elevation of blood pressure. In the case of the kidneys the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system depends upon pressure sensors that may be downstream from plaque, these will then signal incorrectly that the systemic blood pressure is low and cause water retention and other reflex events to raise blood pressure over the whole body.

 * Arteriosclerosis = general term for build up of cholesterol and fibrous tissue in artery walls. Calcification or even ossification can occur within old sclerosed artery walls.Arteriosclerosis decreases the diameter and compliance of arteries, which increases the work done by the heart.

 * Atherosclerosis = a form of arteriosclerosis where deposits of cholesterol and fibrous tissue occur on the walls of large arteries.

Effect of exercises on blood pressure

 * R = ∆P / ∆Q ---> ∆P = (Qi – Qo) R

Where Qi = cardiac output (artery inflow), Qo = artery outflow

 * During exercises, the cardiac output must increase to supply muscles.

 * The resistance of the vascular beds (R) is reduced by local and central reflexes to allow adequate perfusion of the muscles. These are much larger than any changes in resistance due to variations in arterial compliance.

 * Note: ∆P / t = (Qi – Qo) / C. Thus, a severely atherosclerotic person doing exercises (low C) experience higher ∆P than normal person.

Effect of blood vessel diameter on viscosity

 * Viscosity (η) = a frictional constant associated with the flow of a given liquid in a given system.

 * $$R = 8 \eta L / \pi r^4$$ The resistance of a tube of diameter "r" decreases with the fourth power of the radius. This means that 10,000 1mm pipes have the same resistance to flow as one 10 mm pipe. The capillary beds contain many more vessels than the arteries or veins but less than might be expected for the observed flow rates. The circulation avoids excessive resistance in the capillary beds as a result of a curious property of blood known as the Fahraeus and Lindqvist effect: blood is a non Newtonian fluid because it contains large biconcave RBCs.

1) When blood flows in arteries of large r

RBCs have great random motion: some move horizontally, others vertically, and others with an angle. Thus, internal friction is great, which increases viscosity.

Thus, η↑.

2) When blood flows in capillaries of small r

RBCs have no random motion: each RBC must move singly, one after the other. Thus, internal friction is minor, which decreases viscosity. Thus, η↓.

Thus, R doesn’t increase and capillaries don’t get too much P, so they have a lower resistance to flow.

Peripheral resistance

 * Peripheral resistance = resistance of the blood vessels between the aorta and the right atrium.

 * The greater the peripheral resistance, the greater the difficulty that blood has to leave the arteries and hence the greater the cardiac work for a given cardiac output.

 * Peripheral resistance can be changed by the action of the autonomic nervous system, hormonal factors etc.

 * Effect of peripheral resistance: increasing peripheral resistance at a given level of cardiac output will increase blood pressure in the arteries.

Blood pressure in different parts of the body

 * ½ ρv2　　1 + ρgh1 + P1 = ρv2　　2 + ρgh2 + P2

 * If the person is sleeping, h1 = h2. Assuming A1 = A2 ---> v1 = v2 ---> P1 = P2. Thus, all body receives the same P = 80/120 mmHg

 * If the person is standing upright, P at the level of the heart (measuring at the arm) is 80/120 mmHg.

 * If we measure at a lower level, blood pressure increases by ρgh (because blood loses some P.E), where h is the perpendicular distance between heart and the given point.

 * If we measure at a higher level, blood pressure decreases by ρgh.

 * Example: in the previous figure, a person has his legs up (C) and his head down (A).

PA = PB + ρgh.

PB = PC + ρgh’.

If θ and d are given, h can be calculated by h = d sin θ.

Previous: The Biomechanics Of The Lung

Venous return, venous compliance and blood pressure
The rigid pipe model of haemodynamics is applicable when considering any instantaneous flow of blood from the arteries to the veins. The instantaneous blood flow is equal to:

$$ F = \frac {P_a - P_{vb}} {R-R_v}$$

where: $$F$$ is the instantaneous blood flow $$P_a$$ is instantaneous arterial pressure $$P_{vb}$$ is instantaneous venous vascular bed pressure $$R$$ is total peripheral resistance $$R_v$$ is venous resistance

Over any period of time, especially periods greater than the interval between heartbeats, hemodynamics is controlled by the factors that control $$F$$, $$P_a$$, $$P_{vb}$$, $$R$$, $$R_v$$ and right atrial pressure. The cardiac output is equal to the summation of the instantaneous blood flow over a second.

The most important feature of the operation of the heart from the viewpoint of haemodynamics is that it nearly always pumps any blood that enters through the right atrium through the lungs and out of the left ventricle. This simplifies the analysis because the cardiac output is always equal to the venous return.

The venous return depends upon the resistance to flow and pressure difference between the venous vascular beds, including the splanchnic vena cava, and the right atrium:

$$F_{venousreturn} = \frac {P_{vb} - P_{ra}}{R_v}$$

Physically the circulation is like a pump connected to a slightly elastic pipe (arteries) that joins to a fluid resistance (vascular bed) that in turn links to a set of rather floppy, elastic bags (veins, liver etc.). The veins contain much of the blood so even a small slackening of the tone in the venous walls can lead to pooling of the blood in the veins outside the thoracic cavity. When this occurs, such as when standing suddenly on a hot day, the patient may faint (syncope). In practice the circulation is intermediate between an open and a closed fluid system, with many features of the open system.

In the short term venous return, and hence cardiac output, is maintained by a continuous modulation of venous tone. Blood pressure is maintained by adjusting both the venous return and the total peripheral resistance. The total peripheral resistance is regulated largely through contracting the walls of arterioles.

In the longer term the volume of blood is probably the most important regulator of haemodynamic variables because this sets the pressures in the great veins and hence venous return. Pressures in the circulatory system can directly influence blood volume. Low arterial pressure causes the release of renin in the kidneys and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system causes an increase in sodium retention and hence blood volume. Atrial naturetic peptide is a hormone released as a result of stretching the right atrium and this causes a decrease in blood volume through sodium excretion. The control systems for blood pressure and cardiac output are complex and finely tuned so factors such as baroreflexes, lymphatic return, heart failure, elevated diuresis etc. can entirely mask blood volume changes over time.

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Category:Book:Esperanto

hr:Kategorija:Esperanto ko:분류:에스페란토

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Talk:Q3Map2/Light

I have found several discussions about -compensate, I will try to add more exactitude about this flag.

 * compensate N.N (default 1.0) for descaling lightmap/vertex/grid data to compensate for ingame overbrighting. 4.0 is a good value for Quake 3 if used in combination with -gamma 2.2

there are explanations of -gamma elsewhere in the forum, screenshost showing the effect are here. Basically, -gamma fixes the shittiness of the overbright color ramp,  the end result being a truer range of color. A side effect of -gamma is that overbrighting becomes extra extra gay. You can cheat that in vq3 with the -compensate switch. Use -compensate 4 and your -gamma map will look pretty in vq3 without forcing people playing it to turn r_overbrightbits off. If you're compiling for games/mods that don't use overbrighting, you don't have to worry about -compensate.
 * if you're compiling for vq3, you could use -gamma 2 and -compensate 4 in addition to that line, hipshot...

 * ydnar: -compensate compensates for r_mapOverbrightBits, not r_overbrightBits. The former controls lighting data scaling in the BSP, the latter sets screen gamma to set virtual overbrighting.

-meta -vis -light -fast -gamma 1.4 -compensate 3 -bounce 8 -samples 3 with the gamma and compensate, I think they make the lightmaps look better but your need to tweak your light values in your shaders and map entities to use them, probably lower them by about 40%, also I don`t think those two options slow the compiles down but I might be wrong about that.

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Modern Greek/Writing lessons plan

This is a plan for propadeutic lessons teaching the student the Greek alphabet and its pronunciation (including letter combinations like γκ etc.). The goal is to introduce letters one by one so as not to overwhelm the student. In order to raise his confidence and provide feelings of success, words used for illustration and exercises shall mostly be understandable without any knowledge of Greek: Greek words that come from English (e. g. κέικ), Greek words that other languages borrowed (e. g. δημοκρατία), common personal names (e. g. Άννα, Κώστας) and names of countries or places whose name is not very different in Greek (e. g. Ιράν, Αμερική).

The letters and diphthongs are the following (those already presented in the lessons are shown in bold characters):

α - ε,αι - ι,η,υ,ει,οι,υι - ο,ω - ου

αυ,ευ,ηυ

γκ/γγ,κ,γ,χ - μπ,π,β,φ - ντ,τ,δ,θ - τζ,τσ,ζ,σ/ς - μ,ν - λ,ρ

ξ,ψ

Besides, there is the stress symbol ΄ (τόνος) which is used to show which syllable is stressed, the diaeresis symbol ¨ (διαλυτικά) which is used to separate two vowels of a two-character vowel, while the question mark in Greek is like the English semicolon ; (ερωτηματικό) and the Greek semicolon is written as an upper-dot · (άνω τελεία). Finally, the quotation marks are «, » (εισαγωγικά).

Here's a proposed introduction order of letters, with example words that can be used. This is a work in progress. Please add more words and change the order of letters if it allows the introduction of more words earlier:

+ κ τ ο ι α α ο το κακάο Ανόι Τοτο (band)

+ ρ Ιράκ Κροατία κάρτα Κατάρ Μαρία Κάιρο

+ ν ΝΑΤΟ Άννα νανο... Κίνα Ιράν Τίρανα

+ μ μαμά Μαρόκο Ομάν αρμονία άτομο μονότονος Μαρκ Μόνικα Αμμάν

+ ε κέικ κρέμα κάμερα καραμέλα Πέτρος Κάρμεν Κατερίνα Πεκίνο Αρμενία Κορέα

+ λ αλκοόλ κιλό Ιταλία Τολέδο

+ π ρεπόρτερ πακέτο Πάολο Πιέρ Νεπάλ Ταϊπέι

+ μπ μπαρ μπικίνι μπετόν μπανάνα Καμπέρα Μπενίν

+ σ ς παπάς μπαμπάς Ισπανία Κόστα Ρίκα ιστορία Παρίσι Σαν ... Σοφία Πακιστάν Όσλο Λάος Ρόδος Μπρισμπέιν Καράκας Σάο Πάολο Σρι Λάνκα Ελσίνκι

+ ντ Σαντάμ Μαντόννα ντισκοτέκ Μόντρεαλ Τορόντο Ντολόρες Αντόνιο

+ δ Ιρλανδία Καναδάς Ολλανδία διαμάντι διάλεκτος Ανδρέας δισκέτα Λονδίνο Ανδόρρα Δανία Ινδία Ιορδανία Ισλανδία

+ η δημοκρατία ακαδημία Κρήτη Αμερική ηλεκτρονικά Ισραήλ Ινδονησία Μαδρίτη Τρίπολη Άρης Σπάρτη Ταϊλάνδη

+ υ δυναμική ανάλυση Σύδνεϋ Τόκυο Συρία Υεμένη

+ ου Ουκρανία Ρουμανία Τουρκία μουσική Καμπούλ Καλκούτα Δουβλίνο Ιερουσαλήμ Σεούλ Περού Βουδαπέστη Ρουάντα

+ ω Ιαπωνία Ρωσία ωροσκόπιο ερωτικός άρωμα Κώστας Κως Πορτ-ω-Πρενς Ιαπωνία Ρώμη Πολωνία

+ β ασβέστης αμβροσία Βιετνάμ Βολιβία Λίβανος Ιβάν Οττάβα Κούβα Κουβέιτ Αλβανία Λίβερπουλ Βρετανία Βανκούβερ Μελβούρνη Βιέννη Βατικανό Ελ Σαλβαδόρ Βέρνη Βομβάη Ρέυκιαβικ Κολομβία Βαρσοβία Λισαβόνα Ταϊβάν

+ φ φιλοσοφία φιλμ φεμινισμός ελέφαντας φιγούρα Φίλιπ Αφρική Σαν Φρανσίσκο

+ ζ ντίζελ Βραζιλία Τερέζα Βενεζουέλα Ζάμπια Ζιμπάμπουε Καζακστάν Νέα Ζηλανδία

+ τζ έιτζ Φίτζι Τζορτζ Μπους Αζερμπαϊτζάν Ρίο ντε Τζανέιρο Τζακάρτα Καμπότζη

+ γ Πορτογαλία φιγούρα Γερμανία Βουλγαρία βιολογία Βέλγιο γεωλογία πρόγραμμα γραφικά Αργεντινή Πράγα Νορβηγία Αλγερία Αφγανιστάν Γερμανία Γεωργία Γουατεμάλα Γουινέα Γρενάδα Μαδαγασκάρη

+ γκ γκαράζ γκέτο Γκάνα Αγκόλα γκάλοπ γκαλερί Σανγκάη Κογκό Μπανγκλαντές

+ γγ Ουγγαρία Αγγλία Μογγολία άγγελος

+ θ μαθηματικά κιθάρα Θεσσαλονίκη θεραπεία απαθής αθλητής αμφιθέατρο ανθολoγία ανθρωπολογία αντιπαθητικός

+ χ τεχνολογία Χιλή συγχρονίζω Χουάν Χοσέ Κοπεγχάγη Ζυρίχη Νέο Δελχί Στοκχόλμη αραχνοφοβία

+ ξ ξενοφοβία Μεξικό Βρυξέλλες εξάγωνο Λουξεμβούργο Αλέξανδρος ορθόδοξος λεξικό οξυγόνο

+ ψ ψυχολογία ψυχίατρος αποκάλυψη αψίδα=(Ancient Greek & Katharevousa: αψίς) αυτοψία

+ οι οικονομία οικολογία ομοιοπαθητική

+ ει Φιλαδέλφεια ενέργεια εγκυκλοπαίδεια

+ αι δαίμονας Αίγυπτος Αιθιοπία αναισθησία αιθέρας αισθητικός (counter example: Κάιρο)

+ αυ δεινόσαυρος αστροναύτης Αυστρία Αυστραλία θησαυρός αυτοψία

+ ευ Ευρώπη λευχαιμία ρευματισμός νεύρωση

title: Modern Greek/Writing lessons plan


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User talk:DSYoungEsq

You voted for UK Constitution and Government Last month. It has been renominated, and Ithought you might like to vote at Book of the month/July 2006 voting

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User talk:Falchion~enwikibooks

Just a word of warning. Your book on Fire Emblem does not appear to be a textbook - so I have nominated it for deletion. See WB:WIW for reference. If you believe me to be wrong in that, and your book is intended to be a textbook, please outline why on the talk page. Otherwise, please take a copy of the material you have already submitted as it will be deleted shortly, Jguk 12:05, 29 June 2006 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Falchion. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Falchion~enwikibooks that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:12, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 04:58, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Falchion~enwikibooks


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