text:
General Chemistry

Contents

/Introduction/

Appendices

 * 1) [[File:100%.svg]] /Periodic Table/
 * 2) [[File:100%.svg]] /Units/
 * 3) [[Image:75%.svg]] /Constants/
 * 4) [[Image:50%.svg]] /Useful Equations/
 * 5) [[File:100%.svg]] /Standard Reduction Potentials/
 * 6) [[File:100%.svg]] /Table of the Chemical Elements and their Properties/
 * 7) [[Image:25%.svg]] /Review Questions/

External Resources

 * Chemmybear.com Tons of info, pictures, and study flashcards.
 * Chemistry Problems 1.0 Free educational software for General Chemistry
 * Free University Project: General Chemistry

Wikibook Administration

 * 1) /Book Structure/
 * 2) /Book Cover/
 * 3) /Orphaned Pages/

Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie Γενική και Ανόργανη Χημεία Chimie générale Kimia Dasar Chimica generale Chemie Centraal Chemia dla liceum/Okładka Yleinen kemia

title: General Chemistry


text:
User talk:Sarah.henderson

Welcome, !

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally. -- Herby talk thyme 17:44, 26 July 2007 (UTC)

Stroller pages
In practice there is a copyright message on the website. As such we need explicit permission of the website owner to host material here. Regrettably your message (?) on the talk page is inadequate, sorry -- Herby talk thyme 17:44, 26 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Hi Sarah - I was just trying to answer you here as you were posting to me. I understand it from you point of view however there is no legal "proof" that you have the right to grant the license I'm afraid.  Read through the link and the copyright bits.  For more help the staff lounge may be the best place to ask (won't be dependent on whether a particular individual is online).  Regards -- Herby  talk thyme 14:07, 31 July 2007 (UTC)

Hello Sarah, welcome to Wikibooks! I left a message to you and Herby on his talk page about this issue. If you are who you say you are, if the material is under the GFDL, and if this is what you want, you should be able to upload your preexisting materials here. We have had donations of preexisting materials before without hassle, so I can't imagine that in this case everybody is going to raise a big stink. --Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 14:17, 31 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Aplogies for the confusion Sarah - we will sort it! Regards -- Herby  talk thyme 15:51, 31 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I got the links, checked them out, and I can see the copyright tags for GFDL. So long as the page is GFDL, it doesnt matter whether you are the author or not (although it's nice that you are!). I would post some links back to the original website just to be safe.
 * Anyway, sorry about all this mess, i wish you luck here on wikibooks, and if you have any questions or if you need any help, please feel free to ask me any time. --Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 18:26, 31 July 2007 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Sarah.henderson


text:
User:Fasten/Pilingual Primer

This draft has moved to http://education.wikia.com/wiki/User:Fasten/Pilingual_Primer.

title: User:Fasten/Pilingual Primer


text:
Template:IntRef

[ | ]

An annotation in the style of a footnote that links to a local wiki page. This is not suitable for printing.

The first parameter is the page, the optional second parameter is an abbreviation or name for the footnote.

See also: Template:ExtRef

title: Template:IntRef


text:
Continuum Mechanics

Introduction

 * 1) /Subject of Continuum Mechanics/
 * 2) /Basic Assumptions of Continuum Mechanics/

Kinematics of Deformable Media

 * 1) /Coordinates/
 * 2) /Lagrangian Description/
 * 3) /Eulerian Description/
 * 4) /Scalar and Vector Fields and Their Characteristics/
 * 5) /Elements of Tensor Calculus/
 * 6) /Deformation Theory/
 * 7) /Stress Tensor/
 * 8) /Strain Rate Tensor/
 * 9) /Stokes' and Gauss—Ostrogradsky Theorems/

Dynamics of Deformable Media

 * 1) /Equations of Medium Motion/
 * 2) /Strain Tensor/
 * 3) /Angular Momentum Equations/

Simple Models of Continuous Media

 * 1) /Ideal Liquid an Gase/
 * 2) /Linearly Elastic Body/
 * 3) /Linearly Viscous Liquid/
 * 4) /Examples of Equations in Curvilinear Coordinates/

Elements of Thermodynamics

 * 1) /Kinetic Energy Theorem/
 * 2) /First Law of Thermodynamics/
 * 3) /Diparametric Media. Ideal Gase. Carnot Cycle/
 * 4) /Second Law of Thermodynamics/
 * 5) /Examples of Ideal and Viscous Media. Thermal Conductivity/

title: Continuum Mechanics


text:
User talk:Richard Giuly~enwikibooks

G'day Richard Giuly, welcome to Wikibooks. I see you've started a book on Continuum Mechanics, and note that you use a bit of mathematical formulae. You might be interested to try your hand at the MathML extension, which allows you to express your formulas in a richer format; see m:Help:Displaying a formula. And now, here's our stock standard welcome block:

Welcome, !

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally. Webaware talk 23:20, 26 July 2007 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Richard Giuly. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Richard Giuly~enwikibooks that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:37, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 05:25, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Richard Giuly~enwikibooks


text:
User talk:Eyu100

Template:Pipe
G'day, can you explain please how this template is useful? It presently only provides the pipe character, |, which is generally available on standard keyboards, and if it isn't present or doesn't work, it is available as a special character when editing (look underneath the edit box). Webaware talk 00:17, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Aha, I see that you're using it to put the pipe character into your templates! There is already a solution for that, standard across all wiki projects: !
 * See m:Help:Template for details. If you can fix your templates to use this instead of pipe, I can delete that template for you. cheers, Webaware talk 00:27, 27 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Yes, I can. Eyu100 00:43, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks, have deleted the pipe template now. cheers, Webaware talk 03:22, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Eyu100


text:
General Chemistry/Kinetic Theory of Gases

 * 1) ../Gases/
 * 2) ../Gas Laws/
 * 3) ../Diffusion and Effusion/


text:
Talk:Brewing/Ingredients

I added a bit of information about fermentables, hops, and yeast, and I believe these three sections to be adequate to there respective topics. I plan to someday add a chapter to the book solely on yeast, perhaps in the procedures section, but I would like to also discuss yeast farming...

Back on topic, I don't know much about water, since I purchase water from the store for my brews and have never paid much attention to modifying waters to emulate given beers or beer styles, since such anal control over my beer has not yet occured to me as a worthwhile endevour.

Laslty, I intended to add a section on other ingredients such as herbs, fruits, syrups, coffee, etc., but I have a BeeBock calling my name in the fridge....--Schusselig 00:54, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Brewing/Ingredients


text:
Brewing/Authors

Authors
Here is a list of authors who have contributed to this Wikibook:

 * ? Eadmund
 * ? Dddstone
 * ? Elfich
 * ? Gearmonkey
 * ? BigJohnT
 * Will Wesley: Schusselig Homebrewer since 2007
 * Andrew

title: Brewing/Authors


text: User:DavePercy

title: User:DavePercy


text:
Wikibooks talk:Media

PD-PhilippinesGov
G'day, PD-PhilippinesGov poses a interesting problem. Images using this license tag (there are two at present) aren't really public domain because they may not be used for commercial purposes without permission of the authors. As such, would they be acceptable under this policy? Webaware talk 03:09, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I would say no, but I've clarified the public domain section of this proposal to make that clearer. --dark lama  17:25, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Much what I was thinking. The seal could possibly stay under Fair Use provisions, if it is actually necessary (although a quick glance at the only page using it suggests that it isn't necessary). The banner is purely decorative, however, so I might notify the uploader that their image will be deleted soon. Webaware talk 07:31, 28 July 2007 (UTC)

Approval as policy
We should approve this as policy. A link to the Foundation resolution for the sake of convenience: foundation:Resolution:Licensing policy. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 04:33, 16 March 2008 (UTC)

 * . I don't find any serious fault with this proposal as written. It's a pretty good match to the de facto way we've been handling images now for a long time. In essence, I dont think that this policy is going to change anything, and it will help to cover our assess if the foundation decides to try to enforce that resolution that mike linked to. Without a media policy (called an "EDP" in the resolution), we are not allowed to have any fair use images, and so all of our existing fair use images would need to be deleted. The alternative to this policy, which I think maintains the status quo, would be a massive purge of fair use images. --Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 22:41, 20 March 2008 (UTC)
 * . I modified the screenshot clause slightly, as some licensees make certain demands on how their screenshots are used. Webaware talk 23:41, 20 March 2008 (UTC)
 * - This really does describe what we've been doing in the past. Plus it makes sense. I'm very happy with the explicit rejection of allowing a fair use claim on media a user has created themselves, media used with permission, and "commissioned" works. There are several media files which would be excluded by this policy coming into force, and getting rid of them is absolutely the right thing to do. As well, the rejection of decorative uses of non-free media is great, and so is requiring the deletion of unused non-free media. Finally, there is an implicit requirement to use to provide that, but I'm going to make it explicit in order to comply with the resolution linked above.  – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 00:47, 21 March 2008 (UTC)
 * What was wrong with the requirement for a fair use rationale? If there is discussion about this, can it please take place in the open (i.e. talk pages), not in cloistered hallways? Webaware talk 01:50, 21 March 2008 (UTC)
 * I don't think there was a problem with using a rationale, I think the problem was in requiring people to use that particular template. I think I agree with Mike though, using that template will help to keep things standard, so I think we should require it. --Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 01:52, 21 March 2008 (UTC)
 * No, that requirement is still present in the current revision in 2 separate places. The change I made then reverted would have required a particular template be used, which wasn't non-controversial and should therefore be discussed first. I hadn't gotten around to explaining that in full here; I got distracted. I still think we should require the use of a template (actually a single template for consistency's sake) because A) it makes good sense (this is what templates are for) and B) I believe that is the intent of the "machine-readable" clause in the Foundation resolution. Either way, I'd support this policy, but I think the change I made (then reverted) would be an improvement. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 01:56, 21 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Nobody that I know of is questioning the need for rationals. I think requiring rationals is something too new for Wikibooks to be saying only one specific template must be used in order to be acceptable. There may be many ways to supply a rational that may work, and the community should be free to experiment with that. I don't think it makes good sense to limit our options right now, when as a community there is no history for the use of and the requiring of rationals to determine what is acceptable or not. I believe the intent of the machine-readable clause is about making sure rationals are supplied in a computer format that is easily accessible to anyone using any computer or OS, rather then for instance suppling a hard copy only, providing a rational upon request over the phone, or providing a rational in other way that would require extra work to supply on a computer. In short its a single template only verses allowing many possible templates disagreement rather then a disagreement over rationals. --dark lama  22:54, 22 March 2008 (UTC)
 * - also support Mike's suggested change. Νεοπτόλεμος ( talk | email | contribs ) 02:17, 21 March 2008 (UTC)
 * . Great. —Cel es tianpower háblame 22:06, 22 March 2008 (UTC)
 * . Sure. --Az1568(Talk) 00:33, 23 March 2008 (UTC)
 * [[Image:Symbol comment vote.svg|15px]] Comment The proposed policy should be revised as there are inconsistencies on its text, a lot of legal babel that could and should be avoided. There is no need to define specific interpretations of licenses on the proposed text (the use of wikipedia links would suffice and reduce errors. As an example I point out that "Public domain works are works not protected by copyright laws" is not correct (see Public domain). Removing that extra fat from the text would make it more readable and simplify its use. --Panic (talk) 04:42, 26 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Since User:Darklama reverted my changes I also point out that at Wikibooks we don't use the GFDL but the GFDL with some restrictions (that is GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts ), this distinction on this proposal text isn't very important but we should aim to make this clear to users and the text deals with specific licensing issues. --Panic (talk) 04:54, 26 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Did you read Public domain? It says in the section on "No legal restriction on use":
 * A creative work is said to be in the public domain if there are no laws which restrict its use by the public at large. For instance, a work may be in the public domain if no laws establish proprietary rights over the work, or if the work or its subject matter are specifically excluded from existing laws.
 * I don't know what legal babel your talking about. There isn't anything in this proposal about legal issues or legal talk, only a brief summary of what public domain is, what non-free use is, and what free licenses are as it applies to this project and to Wikimedia projects on the whole. I don't think the information on public domain is incorrect, nor do I see any "extra fat" in this policy.
 * This policy isn't about specific licensing issues, as that is a legal issue. This policy is about what types of media content is acceptable for use on Wikibooks. We've already been over the fact and established that we disagree on the interpretation of the GFDL enough. Don't try to turn this into an issue over trying to prove a point. --dark lama  14:12, 26 March 2008 (UTC)

 * And ?!? PD works are under protection of the copyright law, they are public property but their use may also have some restrictions, like the obligation in providing information about the original author, there are many nuances to PD, In PD the authorship of the work doesn't change, the creator is the same only the ownership defaults to the public. One case were copyright law can be called upon to protect PD is to establish authorship of a work (I can't see any other instance were any other user, change or alteration would cause problems).
 * The problem is that the summary isn't brief or even needed on the proposed text, all could be done under a generalization  of the final objectives and links to wikipedia could be given to enable users to learn more about the specific licenses so they could check about them if they need to.   --Panic (talk) 14:41, 26 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Sorry, I don't see how any of this is relevant to approving the policy. Panic: Are there requirements or prohibitions in the proposal that you disagree with? If so, which ones? If not, please don't drag us off-course and towards territory adequately discussed in the past, and best left alone. If you insist on discussing this again, please do it elsewhere, as it has no bearing on this proposal. Let's keep our eyes on the ball. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 15:40, 26 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Well I do support the policy and this discussion should address the proposed text as is, besides those minor correction I pointed out (that in no way would change the spirit of the policy) but never the less should be corrected before I'm able to support it. So we understand each other I repeat that the mention of Wikibooks use of the GFDL should be corrected and the verbosity of the text should be reduced, I don't see the point for it to include some phrases like "These freedoms may not be restricted, and attempting to restrict these freedoms for an image or media file is grounds for immediate deletion of that file." it is unnecessary since anything uploaded would have to respect the previously mentioned freedoms (there is no way around it open for abuse). --Panic (talk) 23:28, 26 March 2008 (UTC)

 * - Definitely. Reece   (Talk)   (Contributions)  00:12, 27 March 2008 (UTC)

As there was enthusiastic support, and the comments from Panic are vaguely supportive as well, I have declared this as now being policy. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 00:02, 3 April 2008 (UTC)

Updates
I updated this for the license transition, but it also needs to be updated to reflect that we now point uploads to Commons by default, and allow only fair use media on Wikibooks. Users who have read and understand this policy and can show they have a need to do so can request local upload rights for those media files. As well, we should think about updating the upload form to reflect all of the above. — <b style="color:#309;">Mike.lifeguard</b> | talk 18:55, 15 January 2010 (UTC)
 * Also Template:Bigwelcome. -- Adrignola talk contribs 19:35, 15 January 2010 (UTC)

title: Wikibooks talk:Media


text: Wikijunior:World at Work/Surgeon

title: Wikijunior:World at Work/Surgeon


text: Category:Book:Wikijunior:The Elements

title: Category:Book:Wikijunior:The Elements


text:
User:Fzfzfzz~enwikibooks

Socialenterprise

title: User:Fzfzfzz~enwikibooks


text:
Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Magic/Anapneo

Overview
Anapneo is a spell that is used to clear a blocked airway.

Extended description
Professor Slughorn cast this spell on Marcus Belby when the latter began to choke after swallowing too fast.

Analysis
The incantation for this spell is based on the Greek πνοη (breath), which is also seen in a number of words in English starting with "pneu-"; the prefixed α may mean "no" with the αν in front of that negating the negative, to change this to mean "restore stopped breath".


text:
Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/Freedom of Information Act 2000/...

Freedom of Information Act 2000/...
All the pages Freedom of Information Act 2000/anything should be moved to WikiSource, I think. They're not textbooks. I'm not sure if WS covers legislative text, but WB certainly doesn't. Take a look at a few:
 * Freedom of Information Act 2000/Part 1c
 * Freedom of Information Act 2000/Part 1d
 * Freedom of Information Act 2000/Part 3
 * Freedom of Information Act 2000/Schedule 1(I-V)

-Mike.lifeguard 05:07, 3 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Sorry, I tagged all of them with but I went back and changed them to , seeing as how that's more appropriate. Someone who knows how should do that, and then delete them. I guess I'll close this 'debate'. -Mike.lifeguard 05:16, 3 July 2007 (UTC)

I've posted a message at Wikisource about these pages, asking if they are acceptable. If Wikisource turns them down, should I reopen this VfD, or simply delete the pages? --Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 18:08, 11 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I'd say there covered rather clearly under wikisource:Wikisource:What Wikisource includes. If not, then I'd delete them - legislation is available online from the government, so there's no need to have them on wiki at all, much less on WB.  – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 20:28, 11 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Actually these are Crown Copyright, which as far as I know is not compatable with the GFDL. (Which is kind of ironic for a freedom of information act, now that I think about it :P)-- SB_Johnny | talk 20:49, 11 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I had to go back and check what country this Act was from. Apparently, UK Crown Copyright is explicitly not compatible with the GFDL (etc.) so it is a copyright violation on top of not being a textbook. Even if WS will take legislation, they can't keep this stuff because it'd be a copyvio.  – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 02:02, 12 July 2007 (UTC)


text:
Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/Freeware (2)

Freeware
Freeware looks like a listing of freeware applications to me, like someone might find on dmoz.org then a book on understanding what freeware is. --dark lama  23:57, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Delete - Definitely not a textbook - it looks like a giant list. -Mike.lifeguard 00:36, 5 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Delete - may be useful but unfortunately not everything that's useful can or should be here, and this is not textbook material. I can't really think of anywhere else something like this could go, but hopefully somewhere. Mattb112885 (talk to me) 00:41, 5 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Delete - Out-of-date list that isn't really textbook material. -within focus 22:08, 9 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Isn't there a Free Ware List page at Wikipedia were this content can be used ? --Panic 23:34, 9 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Yes, this is one possible place, for the FOSS ones anyways. Mattb112885 (talk to me) 23:04, 11 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Delete This doesnt strike me as anything that would be acceptable at wikipedia either. Wikipedia is not for useless lists any more then we are. --Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 23:37, 9 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Delete - not a textbook, and slim on content / out of date compared to DMOZ freeware listings. Webaware talk 08:52, 10 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Oh, and lots of little Fair Use images (logos) linked only to this book - they can go too. Webaware talk 08:55, 10 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Very Weak Keep - Only because this really is more of an appendix to Open Source, and if it isn't deleted, it perhaps ought to be formally made into a supplimentary appendix of that Wikibook as a page move. This is an old Wikibook, with the first edits going back to nearly the very beginning of this project, which is why I even hesitate.  Yes, Wikibooks has adapted and changed to a more textboook focus, but this has not been a book which has been hiding in a back corner of Wikibooks either.  It has been mentioned as a candidate for merged content in VfD discussions, a Book of the Month candidate, and is heavily linked to other Wikibooks content.  This last point especially shows somewhat of the age of this content... which is one of the criticisms above.  While not a textbook, it is a directory, and one of the potential ideas for what Wikibooks may have been if a hard-core textbook only philosophy hadn't taken ahold here.  --Rob Horning 17:38, 11 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Delete - Wikibooks is not a web directory. -- xixtas talk 20:06, 11 July 2007 (UTC)


text:
Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/Wikibooks:List of Wikibookians by number of edits

List of Wikibookians by number of edits
I removed a speedy tag from this. Deletionist that I may be (I'm getting better) this page is not in my opinion able to be deleted speedily. The narrative on the tag was ''Unnecessary to maintain here, can be accessed directly some other way. This is asking to get stale and a far better interface is already available at the actual source of this data.'' I'm sure User:Withinfocus with be along to give their views. For now I have no vote -- Herby talk thyme 15:56, 12 July 2007 (UTC)

 * There has never been the urge here at wikibooks, like there is at wikipedia or other wikis, for users to categorize themselves. Your average wikibooks user has fewer "user boxes" on their pages: we make fewer boxes and we use fewer boxes. To a degree, i think people are prefectly contented with this situation. I mention this to say that this page, like so many user categories, is interesting but is ultimately not really needed around here. Edit counts change every day. I know, that in a good swing, I can amass more then 100 edits a day. This list therefore is a loose approximation, at best, of a person's edit counts. At worst this list is an inaccurate representation of the worth of our many editors. I do agree that there are places where this information is better represented, such as the various edit counters or the statistics pages or whatever. This list just can't be maintained and should probably be deleted (or locked for historical purposes, with a note to the fact). --Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 16:42, 12 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Delete I don't find this to be useful, time spent maintaining this would be better spent explaining how to access the source of the information in the help space. -- xixtas talk 17:19, 12 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Delete - It's all been said above. This is an unnecessary maintenance task. I like Xixtas' recommendation to mention the live tool to get this data somewhere in the Help namespace, but we don't need a Main namespace page that I can almost guarantee will get stale often. -within focus 19:38, 12 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Delete - I agree that this shouldn't be a speedy. However, this list will constantly be stale and keeping it fresh(ish) will be a drain on manpower that could be better used in other ways. Instead, we should find a way to automatically create a list of the top 20/50/100/... contributors by edit count (which may or may not be possible - I have no experience with the software's inner workings). At the very least, make some instructions to get the data straight from the source.  – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 20:55, 12 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Delete - pointless information. Knowing that a user contributes a fair amount might be useful (and can be determined in several different ways), but a list like this does little good and suffers from all the problems listed at the top of the page. Webaware talk 01:04, 13 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Delete, I don't really see too much historical value in this, since all the older numbers are outdated and not really useful for anything. Mattb112885 (talk to me) 00:36, 14 July 2007 (UTC)


text:
User talk:4.159.153.91

Thanks for experimenting with Wikibooks. Your test worked, and has now been removed. Please use Sandbox for any other tests you want to do, since testing material in modules will normally be removed quickly. Please see the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our project. Thanks. -- Herby talk thyme 10:02, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:4.159.153.91


text:
User talk:169.202.9.7

Thanks for experimenting with Wikibooks. Your test worked, and has now been removed. Please use Sandbox for any other tests you want to do, since testing material in modules will normally be removed quickly. Please see the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our project. Thanks. Webaware talk 10:49, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:169.202.9.7


text:
User talk:Sisingh

Welcome, !

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally. -- Herby talk thyme 11:48, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Sisingh


text:
User talk:Toyota prius 2~enwikibooks

Welcome, !

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally. -- Herby talk thyme 11:48, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Toyota prius 2. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Toyota prius 2~enwikibooks that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:51, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 05:36, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Toyota prius 2~enwikibooks


text:
User talk:Fzfzfzz~enwikibooks

Welcome, !

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally. -- Herby talk thyme 11:48, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

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User talk:Rrsiers

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User talk:Mjantzi

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User talk:Mrbaird

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User talk:Eruantalon

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User talk:Shoesandhats~enwikibooks

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title: User talk:Shoesandhats~enwikibooks


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User talk:Wavell

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User talk:EinarKramer~enwikibooks

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The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

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title: User talk:EinarKramer~enwikibooks


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User talk:TheAdventMaster~enwikibooks

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Here We Go
--Thewinster 20:38, 7 September 2007 (UTC) All the people from USA I have met online are never connected to engineering. :( Well, cheers, to the mechanical engineering in the making. I myself am trying to get a course at the IITs hopefully in 2008.

I've been thinking of editing my notes and classroom illustrations and putting them here on wikibooks to be able to help people out, especially in India, where we have a lot of sub standard books that aim to capitalize on the lack of awareness of the students.

Presently, the idea is in the making, because I am formulating a modus operandi ;) to get the work done efficiently.

Since I have completed a highschool course in Algebra, Coordinate Geometry, Calculus and misc. Mathematics Topics, Physics (except Relativistic Mechanics) and Chemistry (all of the three branches), I have a sound knowledge of the pre-requisites of chemistry. And basically, even I am self-studying.

Because you have been proficient with Computer Languages and their syntaxes, you will be of great help to the various projects going around!!

Do care to drop in at Problems In Highschool Chemistry, I will be adding content to it and other wikibooks regularly, and run a forum to discuss the possibilities, ups and down etc. --Thewinster 20:38, 7 September 2007 (UTC)

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The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

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title: User talk:TheAdventMaster~enwikibooks


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User talk:Mcallisterdu

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User talk:Ngilmore~enwikibooks

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Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

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User talk:Ilikerps~enwikibooks

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The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

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User talk:Billdo

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User talk:Ranje

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User talk:R Camus

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User talk:Tobulax~enwikibooks

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The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

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Guitar/Chord Progressions

A knowledge of chord progressions will help you communicate and play with other musicians. Knowing the most commonly used chord progressions allows for greater enjoyment and unity when playing with other musicians.

The I-IV-V
The most common chord progression is I-IV-V. Note that Roman Numerals are used to describe these chord progressions, where the "I" chord stands for the chord on root note, the "II" for the chord on the second note of the scale, and so on. Many songs use only these three chords. If one views chords as a set of balancing scales with the root note and octave root at opposing ends it will be noted that the IV and V chords are at equal distance respectively to the root and octave root. Take for example the key of C major:

C - D - E - F - G - A - B - C

You will see that the G note (or chord) is a fifth above the root note. The note F is a fifth below the octave. This movement of a fifth is very pleasing to the human ear in its sense of balance and cohesion in relation to the root note. Another way to view chord progressions is that of a journey. In the sense that the root (or tonic) chord is the starting point and the octave root is at the end. All other points (chords) provide interest and variation with the fourth and the fifth chord occupying a special place on the journey due to them being half-way.

Many chord progressions start at the tonic (I), moves away to somewhere else, only to come back to the tonic. You can play this progression with major chords or you can substitute minor chords for the IV or V.

Applying the I-IV-V
Eddie Cochran and Buddy Holly are two artists who have used this progression extensively. Note that this chord progression uses a V7 chord. A V7 chord is just a V chord with an extra note. It is so common a device that when learning a chord progression many guitarist will play it through a few times using I-IV-V (normal V chord with no extra note) and then will play the chord progression I-IV-V7 a few times before switching back to the normal I-IV-V.

I-vi-IV-V
This progression is commonly referred to as the 50's progression, because it was common to many of the popular songs of the 1950's, notably "Stand by Me". Note that the vi chord is a tonic extension, as it contains many of the same notes as the tonic (I) chord. You may see this progression with sevenths added in a blues song (e.g., G7, e min 7, C7, D7). Here is the progression in the key of G major.

The I-V-I-I
This is a popular progression at the beginning of a much larger line, and can be combined with many other scale degrees.

II-V-I
As its name indicates, the progression is: IImin7, V7 and Imaj7. In a pop song, the chords might be IImin, V7, IMaj, with the first and last chord being three-note chords (triads). In jazz, all three chords are usually seventh chords. The II/V/I is important in jazz, where some songs have the progression in a number of keys.

Alternatively you can change the chord type on the II, and alter the voicing of the V. Some examples are: (with a V7alt, the performer alters the 9th to b9 or #9 and/or makes the 11 into #11 and/or makes the 13 into b13)
 * IIm7b5(9)/V7alt /Imaj7

Applying the II-V-I
II-V-Is can be chained together, creating complex progressions. Here's an example that starts in C major and moves to the relative minor, a minor:

C     Bm7b5 E7   (I     ii  V)  Am7    Dm7   G7   (I     ii  V)  C      (etc...)   (I     etc..) An example of complicated progression that can be created this way is the "Coltrane Changes", where the "I" chords move by Major 3rd intervals. Here's a simple example: Dm7 G7  Cmaj7    (ii V I  ) F#m7 B7 Emaj7    (ii V I  ) Bbm7 Eb7 Abmaj7  (ii V I  ) Dm7 etc... (I etc...) The way the ii-V-I progression works is first that it moves by 4ths upwards, which very often produces interesting results, and the 7th goes down a half tone below and becomes the following chord's 3rd.

Minor ii-V-i
Another commonly used chord progression is the minor ii-V-i. One can derive this from the melodic minor scales shown above, while substituting a IminMaj7 for the IMaj7 chord, or by using three modes from one harmonic minor scale, which produces the following chord progression:

 * ii m7 b5/ V7 / i

In the key of c minor, this would be:
 * d m7 b5/ G 7 / c min

title: Guitar/Chord Progressions


text:
Guitar/Blanks

The purpose of this page is to provide blank tab and chord templates for anyone writing a lesson or an exercise. If you find something useful that can save time when typing out tabs, please add it to this section

When you type the numbers in the tab, please space them nicely.

e[] B[] G[] D[] A[] E[]

When you write a chord, an x means don't play, a 0 is open and the frets are numbered. If you are writing chords on double digit frets, used something similar to the 2nd chord template.

EADGBe (xxxxxx)

E A D G B e  (x x x x x x)

This template is intended for easy creating of scale and arpeggio charts. Please use the numbers provided to indicate notes.

title: Guitar/Blanks


text:
User talk:86.138.132.20

Thanks for experimenting with Wikibooks. Your test worked, and has now been removed. Please use Sandbox for any other tests you want to do, since testing material in modules will normally be removed quickly. Please see the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our project. Thanks. -- Herby talk thyme 12:27, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

Welcome to Wikibooks. We invite everyone to contribute constructively to our collection. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing. However, unconstructive edits are considered vandalism, and if you continue in this manner you may be blocked from editing without further warning. Please stop, and consider improving rather than damaging the hard work of others. Thanks. -- Herby talk thyme 13:11, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:86.138.132.20


text:
User talk:Laleena

User talk:Laleena/Archive 3

Welcome, !

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally.

By the way, if you have any news stories you want to appear on my blog, just let me know about it and i can post it up. --Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 12:34, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

Wikijunior Europe
The link you need should be Wikijunior:Europe

License for Uplaoded Images
I have the permission to upload the images form the author of the documentation. I updated the license of the images I've uploaded. Is it so, everything OK? Thank you, talk Tbernhard

Images from Commons
Images at Commons can be used here as if they were locally uploaded. Just use the same syntax as usual - the software will use the image here, and go looking at Commons if it doesn't exist locally. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 16:47, 7 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Actually, I like to upload them a bit - it sorta gives you the recognition, and besides, it's easier to upload and make the photo+link than to go looking at Commons. Laleena (talk) 19:04, 7 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Actually, no, it's much more work for you (by definition), and it also creates more for the admins who process NowCommons. There's absolutely no reason to upload images from Commons here. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 19:24, 7 March 2008 (UTC)
 * I agree with mike here. When images are found that are duplicated here and on Commons, the images here are typically deleted. That creates an extra step for the admins. --Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 19:36, 7 March 2008 (UTC)
 * OK, then. I think I'll do that. (BTW, WK, I like the Talk Gadget.) Laleena (talk) 22:10, 7 March 2008 (UTC)
 * (thanks, i'm glad it's working for you). --Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 22:47, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

Evolution and Creation
Hello Laleena, how are you? I haven't seen you around in a while. I wanted to know what your plans are with this book? It seems like an interesting topic for a book, but at the moment it's a bare-bones stub. Are you planning to contribute more to it? --Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 20:45, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

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Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Laleena. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Laleena~enwikibooks that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

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title: User talk:Laleena


text:
PBASIC Programming/Branches

Comparison Operators
A computer processor, such as the BasicStamp is capable of comparing two numbers and testing their relationship. The BasicStamp can compare two numbers and determine if they are equal, not equal, greater than, or less than. We can use special comparison operators to ask the BasicStamp to compare numbers.

 * Equal:To determine if two numbers are equal, we use the "=" operator.
 * Not Equal: To determine if two numbers are not equal, we use the "<>" operator.
 * Greater Than: To determine if one number is greater than the other, we use the ">" operator.
 * Greater Than or Equal:To determine if one number is greater than or equal to another number, we use the ">=" operator.
 * Less Than: We can use the "<" operator to determine if one number is less than the other.
 * Less Than or Equal:We can use the "<=" operator to determine if one number is less than or equal to another number.

IF / THEN Branches
Once we compare two numbers, we can ask the BasicStamp to take action depending on that comparison. Using the IF / THEN structure, we can perform a jump if the condition is true, and we will not jump if the condition is false. The format of the instruction is:

IF [Condition] THEN [Label]

Where [Condition is a comparison of two values (two variables or a variable and a constant, for instance). If the comparison is true, then the control flow jumps to the [Label].

IF / THEN / Else Structures
Sometimes we want to have a second option. for instance, we want to do one thing if the comparison is true, and we want to do a different thing if the comparison is false. Here is an example, using a single IF / THEN branch, and GOTOs:

IF [Condition] THEN GoTrue ... 'Do this if the condition is false GOTO EndBranch GoTrue: ... 'Do this if the condition is true GOTO EndBranch EndBranch:

Only one set of code in this case will be executed, depending on whether the condition is true or false. There are other ways to arrange this, of course.

Simple Loops
We can use GOTO to create a simple infinite loop. The program will repeat the code in the middle of the loop forver:

LoopTop: ... 'Do this infinitely GOTO LoopTop

We can use IF / THEN branches to create more advanced loops as well. However, most of the advanced loops that we can create can be made in a better way. We will discuss more advanced loops in the next chapter.

title: PBASIC Programming/Branches


text:
PBASIC Programming/Loops

Looping
There are times when we want to repeat a certain portion of code several times. For small numbers of repeats, we could use something simple like Copy + Paste in our editor. However if we want to repeat an action many times, or even if we want to repeat infinitely, we need to use special techniques called loops. Using our GOTO function we have already seen a basic type of loop, but there are other types of loops that we can use. In some cases there are many ways to perform the same task.

Infinite Loops
We have already seen a simple loop using the GOTO function. Here is a good example:

LoopTop: ... 'code to repeat goes here GOTO LoopTop

Instead of having to create a new label and then jump to it, we can use a specialized structure called DO / LOOP that performs the same task, but is easier for people to read and understand.

DO / LOOP
A DO / LOOP structure is an infinite loop, but it doesnt require us to create a label. To use a DO / LOOP, we write:

DO   ... 'code to repeat goes here LOOP

FOR / NEXT
If we have a certain piece of code that we want to repeat a finite number of times, we can't use an infinite loop, we need to use a counter variable to count the number of loops. We have already seen a basic implementation of this concept in the chapter on branches, but now we are going to look at a better structure for this, the FOR / NEXT loop. A FOR / NEXT loop allows us to do several things in a very simple and clean way:
 * 1) Initialize our counter variable
 * 2) Increment our counter variable every loop
 * 3) Check the counter variable to see if it has reached a final value. If it has reached the final value we exit the loop.

A FOR / NEXT loop looks like this:

FOR MyCounter = 0 TO 10 ... 'code here will be repeated 11 times NEXT

Nested Loops
We can put one loop inside another loop. This is useful for many complicated programs that need to repeat sets of loops. Loops that are inside other loops are called nested loops. Also, the outer-most loop is typically called the parent loop, and the inside loops are called the child loops. Each child loop must have a different counter variable from its parent loop, or the system will not work correctly.

title: PBASIC Programming/Loops


text:
PBASIC Programming/Subroutines

Reusing Code
We have seen in our chapters on loops that there are many times that we want to repeat certain blocks of code multiple times. A loop repeats these blocks one after the other, but what if we want to repeat a block of code at different times?

We can use a special tool called a subroutine to make a block of code repeatable. We can "call" our subroutine at any point in our program, and when the subroutine ends, the control flow will jump back to where it was.

When we move control flow into a subroutine, we say that we "call" the subroutine, or that we "enter" it. Similarly, when the subroutine has completed, we say that we "exit" the subroutine, or that we "return from it".

GOSUB and RETURN
Subroutines start with a label. Instead of using a GOTO jump, we use the GOSUB instruction to enter the subroutine. The GOSUB does two things: The second point is important, because it allows us to return to our previous position.
 * 1) it jumps to the subroutine's label, like a regular GOTO
 * 2) it stores the old value of the instruction pointer, so that after the subroutine the control flow can return to where it was.

The RETURN instruction, at the end of the subroutine, loads the saved value of the instruction pointer.

Subroutines
A basic subroutine looks like this:

MySubroutine: ... 'Do this in the subroutine RETURN

Readability
One of the big benefits to using subroutines is that they help to make your code much easier to read for other people. Many times the person who writes a program will understand it very well, but it may not be so obvious to other people, such as teammates. For instance, if we have a robot using the BasicStamp, and we want to make that robot walk around in the shape of a square, we can use subroutines to do it easily:

GOSUB MoveForward GOSUB TurnRight GOSUB MoveForward GOSUB TurnRight GOSUB MoveForward GOSUB TurnRight GOSUB MoveForward GOSUB TurnRight

Or, we can combine our subroutines with a loop to make it even easier:

FOR MyCounter = 1 TO 4 GOSUB MoveForward GOSUB TurnRight NEXT

The subroutines for  or   may be very complicated, but any person can read the small block of code above and understand what the robot will do.

title: PBASIC Programming/Subroutines


text:
User:Lindsay Ridgeway/Reward-based Field Training for Retrievers/How to Use This Book

How to Use This Book
This book is intended primarily as a manual for training retrievers for field sports. As such, it contains many training plans, each associated with a particular training objective. The training plans are presented in a series of chapters to provide organization for the material.

However, this book does not present training plans in the order that training is to occur. Quite the contrary, a puppy is never too young to begin retrieving, yet the marked retrieve is one of the later chapters of this book.

What, then, is the correct sequence of training? The answer is that the training cannot be done in a rigid sequence, for several reasons:

 * 1) It is essential that many of these skills be started as soon as possible.  Examples of cues that deserve immediate training are "here", "sit", and "give it".
 * 2) During the dog's life, many of those same skills will need constant reinforcement.  If you train a particular skill and then do not practice it, you may find that it is not reliable when you need it, even though it was entirely reliable at one time.  But which skills need shoring up over the dog's life varies with the dog.  For example, a dog with a predisposition toward resource guarding may need continuous practice with a highly reinforcing "give it" his whole life.

No single sequence of training is right for all trainers and all dogs. Eventually, your retriever will need to learn all of the skills presented in this book. Therefore, the best plan is to begin working on a number of skills in parallel, one in one session and one in another, and continue to add more as you complete work in those previously started.

Getting Started
Begin by examining the table of contents (TOC) for the entire book. A consolidated TOC is available at the top of the Print Version of this book.

At the minimum, you may also wish to click on particular topics and glance at the material to get a sense of the content. Thoroughly study the material whenever you prefer to do so:

 * Some readers prefer to read and digest the entire contents of a manual before starting work.
 * Others prefer to defer thorough study of a particular topic until they are about to use the material.

Planning Your Training
Next comes the key to a solid training progression. As you organize each session, day, or week's training, review the TOC again. If an item catches your eye that you've never read before or for which you've forgotten some of the details, click the link and read the material for that topic as well. Then you will have the information you need to plan your next segment of training.

By continually reviewing the TOC, you'll be able to maintain perspective of where you are in your dog's training, and to select the best project for you and your dog at all times.

Here's a general approach for choosing particular training projects:

 * Limit your choices for each session to those training plans for which the dog is ready. Information in each training plan, such as prequesites and sections on Extending the Behavior, will help you make that determination.

 * From among those plans for which the dog is ready, select the ones you deem most important at the time:

 * — Perhaps you'll choose one that you feel deserves a higher history of reinforcement because of its importance in the dog's life, such as recall.

 * — Or perhaps you'll choose one that is ready for more work because you've been concentrating on other areas.

 * — Or one day you give a cue in the field and your dog doesn't respond correctly, perhaps too slow, perhaps not at all. So you decide to dedicate an evening, or perhaps a week of evenings, to practicing that cue, perhaps adding the clicker and some high-value treats, to the re-training process.


text:
Cookbook:Sev Puri (Crispy Indian Snack with Potato)

| Cuisine of India

Ingredients

 * 10 flat, crisp puris
 * ½ cup boiled potato (aloo), cubed
 * 3 tbsp tamarind chutney
 * 3 tbsp coriander chutney
 * ½ tsp cumin seed (jeera)
 * Salt
 * ½ tsp red chile pepper (lal mirchi)
 * ½ cup chopped onion
 * 1 cup fine sev

Procedure

 * 1) Arrange the puris on a plate, and make a hole in the center of each puri.
 * 2) Fill with a few chopped boiled potato cubes.
 * 3) Add about ¼ tsp of tamarind and green chutneys in each. Sprinkle with cumin powder, salt, red chilli powder.
 * 4) Sprinkle finely chopped onions over top, then generously sprinkle sev all over the puris.
 * 5) Garnish with finely chopped coriander.
 * 6) Serve fresh.


text:
PBASIC Programming/Input and Output

A computer program that does not communicate with the outside world is very boring indeed. Programs, including programs on the BasicStamp need to take input and generate output.

INPUT and OUTPUT
The BasicStamp has 16 basic I/O pins, all of which can be used as either an input or an output. To specify that a pin is an input we use the INPUT command:

INPUT 12

This makes pin 12 an input pin. To specify that a pin is being used as an output, the OUTPUT command can be used:

OUTPUT 15

This makes pin 15 an output.

DIRS Register
The INPUT and OUTPUT commands affect a special memory value called DIRS. DIRS, which is short for "Directions" is a special memory location known as a "Tri-State Buffer". DIRS contains 16 bits, each corresponding to one of the I/O ports. If the pin in DIRS is a 0, then the corresponding pin is an input. If the pin in DIRS is a 1, then the corresponding pin is an output.

For instance, if we wanted to set the top byte to be input, and the bottom byte to be output, we could write:

DIRS = %1111111100000000

This is easier then having to write 16 INPUT and OUTPUT commands!

1-Bit Ports
I/O ports have a special name, using the prefix "In" or "Out", followed by the pin number. For instance, if we have a variable called MyVariable, and if all the ports were properly designated as INPUT or OUTPUT, we could write all of the following:

MyVariable = IN3

MyVariable = IN5 + 10

OUT12 = MyVariable

OUT15 = MyVariable - 10

Multi-Bit Ports
We can combine multiple I/O pins into multi-bit I/O ports. Each port has a specific name:

The "S" suffix is used to denote the whole 16-bit word. "L" is for the low byte, "H" is for the high byte. "A", "B", "C", and "D" are used for the 4 possible nibbles, with "A" being the lowest (pins 0 - 3) and "D" being the highest (pins 12 - 15).

Sending and Receiving
When we want to send data from the BasicStamp to another device, we write that data to an output port. The external device that we are trying to communicate with will then read that value from an input port, and use that value internally. Data values to read and write from the BasicStamp are 5 volt values. Too much voltage will cause damage to the circuit, and too little voltage cannot be read. In general, we can associate our values for 1 and 0 with voltages:

"Voltage?"
We are going to digress from the main narrative of the book here for a minute and discuss some issues of electricity. Because of the embedded nature of the BasicStamp, most projects that involve them are going to also involve some manner of hardware integration. Improperly connecting your BasicStamp to external hardware can cause damage to the chip, and could even cause harm to you.

Ohm's Law
A basic law of electricity, and the only such law that we need to consider for the purposes of this book, is Ohm's Law. Ohm's law can be written as:

 * $$v = iR$$

v is the voltage, in volts. i is the current, in amps. R is the resistance, in Ohms.

We know that the output port of the BasicStamp supplies 5V. If there is too much current, the stamp could get hot or even become damaged. We should try to keep our current to 5 milliamps or less (preferably less). This means, using Ohms's law that:

 * $$5 = (5\times10^{-3})R$$
 * $$R = \frac{5}{(5\times10^{-3})} = 1000 = 1k\Omega$$

This means that for every circuit we use with our BasicStamp, we should have at least 1000Ω of resistance. Any less resistance and we risk damage to our BasicStamp.

title: PBASIC Programming/Input and Output


text:
User:Fred.e

Hello, I have joined wikibooks to learn and help where possible.

I edit under the same name at the english wikipedia and commons. As of June 2007 I have started editing at Quote, Source and now here.

title: User:Fred.e


text:
Talk:Electromagnetics

Electromagnetics pertains to Electromagnetic Fields, /Electromagnetic Waves/, and various other electromagnetic constructs.

Please visit Electrodynamics for the time being as this is far less complete.

The intention is to arrange information primarily from wikipedia in a linear (book type) fashion with chapters where sections in the chapters are wikipedia articles such as Transverse modes. In this way it can be used for a course. The current obstacle is how to allow these pages to be dynamically included such that updates to those pages are also updated in the book. To keep both updated manually results in a duplication of effort. It is possible that it will remain a compilation of ordered links and recommended readings, perhaps with the addition of sample problems.

Light, Microwaves, X-rays, Cosmic radiation, etc. are all electromagnetic phenomenon.

In the case of static fields each component can exist independantly meaning you can study Magnetostatics and Electrostatics separately.

In the case of time varying fields they are inseparably linked meaning Electrodynamics also includes dynamic magnetic elements.

title: Talk:Electromagnetics


text:
Talk:Kdenlive/Getting and installing

There is an error in the ebuild overlay for the svn-version of kdenlive: The link to the repository is is missing kdenlive. right after https://

title: Talk:Kdenlive/Getting and installing


text:
User talk:Rgeor005

Welcome, !

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally. Mattb112885 (talk to me) 21:37, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Rgeor005


text:
User talk:Wsing002

Welcome, !

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally. Mattb112885 (talk to me) 21:37, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Wsing002


text:
Biblical Studies/Christianity/Protestant churches/Lutheran

Lutheran teaching can be summarized with the three Reformation solas. Salvation is by God's grace alone (sola gratia) through faith alone (sola fide) for the sake of Jesus Christ's atoning death and without any merit on the part of those who are redeemed. The Bible alone (sola Scriptura) is the sole norm and basis of all Christian doctrine and anything which is contrary to what Scripture teaches is not in accordance with God's Will

Historically, Lutherans trace themselves to Martin Luther, who was the founder of the Protestant Reformation. In order to preserve the legacy and teaching of the Reformation, a group of pastors and theologians in Germany (where Luther lived) gathered together the three ecumenical creeds as well as the key works of Martin Luther and Philip Melanchthon into the Lutheran Confessions (also known as the Book of Concord). The Book of Concord is recognized as a faithful and true interpretation of the Bible and it is the symbol and body of doctrine for the Lutheran faith. Contained in the Book of Concord are the Nicene Creed, Apostles Creed, Athanasian Creed, the unaltered Augsburg Confession, the Apology to the Augsburg Confession, the Smalcald Articles, the Treatise on the Power and Primacy of the Pope, Luther's Small Catechism, Luther's Large Catechism and the Formula of Concord, all of which describe the doctrine and faith of the Lutheran Church.

External references

 * Book of Concord e-text
 * Project Wittenberg, a repository of Public Domain and freely available Lutheranism related works


text: User:YouShow~enwikibooks

title: User:YouShow~enwikibooks


text:
User talk:Skahl

Welcome, !

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally. Mattb112885 (talk to me) 01:43, 28 July 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Skahl


text:
User talk:CineMan~enwikibooks

Welcome, !

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally. Mattb112885 (talk to me) 01:44, 28 July 2007 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called CineMan. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name CineMan~enwikibooks that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:02, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 04:48, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:CineMan~enwikibooks


text:
User talk:Wight

Welcome, !

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally. Mattb112885 (talk to me) 01:44, 28 July 2007 (UTC)

Hi, I think there is a problem with the image you recently uploaded. You have copied it from a book stating that one of the authors has given you permission to use it under the CC-BY-SA 3.0 license. The book itself states that the copyright is held by The Benjamin / Cummings Publishing Company. If this copyright includes the image, and there is no indication that it doesn't, then the author probably can't re-license it this way. There is a procedure, although I can't find the link, for getting copyright clearance communicated to the Wiki projects where it isn't clear - I'm going to ask for advice when I find it. Meanwhile, I'm going to tag the image as having a copyright problem. Unusual? Quite TalkQu 01:36, 1 January 2009 (UTC)
 * Okay, the URL you've given on the book page, as opposed to the image page, gives a suitable license. So, I'll update the URL on the image so this query doesn't get raised by anyone again. Unusual? Quite TalkQu 20:40, 1 January 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Wight


text:
User talk:Wanderingshadow

Welcome, !

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally. Mattb112885 (talk to me) 01:45, 28 July 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Wanderingshadow


text:
User talk:Nishant ram2007~enwikibooks

Welcome, !

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally. Mattb112885 (talk to me) 01:46, 28 July 2007 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Nishant ram2007. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Nishant ram2007~enwikibooks that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:33, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 05:18, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Nishant ram2007~enwikibooks


text:
User talk:Smashingfables

Welcome, !

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally. Mattb112885 (talk to me) 01:47, 28 July 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Smashingfables


text:
User talk:70.21.104.170

Regarding edits made during July 28 2007
Please do not add inappropriate external links to Wikibooks. Wikibooks is intended to be read without the need for external reference and requires content rather than external links particularly those which are for advertising or promotion. Inappropriate links may include (but are not limited to) links to personal web sites, links to web sites with which you are affiliated, and links that exist to attract visitors to a web site or promote a product. If you feel the link should be added to the article, then please discuss it on the article's talk page rather than re-adding it. See the welcome page to learn more about Wikibooks. Thank you. If this is an IP address, and it is shared by multiple users, ignore this warning if you did not make any unconstructive edits. Az1568(Talk) 02:14, 28 July 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:70.21.104.170


text:
Talk:HSC Extension 1 and 2 Mathematics/4-Unit/Conics

Hyperbola $$H$$ has equation $$\frac{x^2}{a^2} - \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1$$ and eccentricity $$e$$. Ellipse $$E$$ has equation $$\frac{x^2}{(a^2+b^2)} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1$$.

i. Show that ellipse $$E$$ has eccentricity $$\frac{1}{e}$$ [1 mark] ii. If $$H$$ and $$E$$ intersect at $$P$$ in the first quadrant, show that the acute angle $$\alpha$$ between the tangents to $$H$$ and $$E$$ at $$P$$ is given by $$\tan \alpha = \sqrt{2}(e + \tfrac{1}{e})$$ [6 marks]

For part ii., here's my working:
 * 1) $$P(a\sec\theta,b\tan\theta)\,$$, from the definition of a hyperbola
 * 2) $$P(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}\cos\theta,b\sin\theta)$$, from the definition of an ellipse ($$a$$ in the ellipse = $$\sqrt{a^2+b^2}$$)
 * 3) $$\therefore b\tan\theta = b\sin\theta$$
 * 4) $$\tan\theta = \sin\theta\,$$
 * 5) $$\cos\theta = \pm 1$$
 * 6) $$\sqrt{a^2+b^2}cos\theta = a\sec\theta$$
 * 7) $$\sqrt{a^2+b^2} = a$$ (since $$\cos\theta = \pm 1$$)
 * 8) $$a^2+b^2 = a^2$$
 * 9) $$b^2 = 0$$


text:
User talk:217.187.139.229

Please do not add inappropriate external links to Wikibooks. Wikibooks is intended to be read without the need for external reference and requires content rather than external links particularly those which are for advertising or promotion. Inappropriate links may include (but are not limited to) links to personal web sites, links to web sites with which you are affiliated, and links that exist to attract visitors to a web site or promote a product. If you feel the link should be added to the article, then please discuss it on the article's talk page rather than re-adding it. See the welcome page to learn more about Wikibooks. Thank you. Webaware talk 06:13, 28 July 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:217.187.139.229


text:
User talk:152.3.175.48

Thanks for experimenting with Wikibooks. Your test worked, and has now been removed. Please use Sandbox for any other tests you want to do, since testing material in modules will normally be removed quickly. Please see the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our project. Thanks. Webaware talk 06:20, 28 July 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:152.3.175.48


text:
User talk:Phaedriel

Welcome, !

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally.

And hope you become "you" soon! -- Herby talk thyme 07:09, 28 July 2007 (UTC)

Tada
You've been renamed. Enjoy. -within focus 18:57, 28 July 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Phaedriel


text:
User talk:Fred.e

Welcome, !

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally. -- Herby talk thyme 16:10, 28 July 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Fred.e


text:
Turkish/Are you busy today?

...or, in Turkish: Siz bugün meşgul müsünüz? What are you doing tonight? in Turkish Bu akşam ne yapıyorsunuz?

title: Turkish/Are you busy today?


text: User:Alexsmail/Computer programming/Object oriented/Examples/Card


text: User:Alexsmail/Computer programming/Object oriented/Examples/Suite


text:
Talk:FOSS Education/Preface

Next/Previous page navigation
I think it would be nice, when next/previous page links would be added on the bottom.

title: Talk:FOSS Education/Preface


text:
Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Characters/Ted Tonks

Overview
Ted Tonks is the father of ../Nymphadora Tonks/ and husband of ../Andromeda Tonks/. He is a Muggle-born wizard whose house is Harry's destination during the flight from Privet Drive.

Order of the Phoenix
It is mentioned that Andromeda Black was burned off the tapestry of the Black family tree because she married Ted Tonks, a Muggle-born wizard. This made Andromeda a blood traitor.

Deathly Hallows
When ../Harry Potter/ has to leave the Dursleys' house because the blood protection he received from his mother will end when he becomes of age, it is to Ted Tonks' house that he goes. He crashes unto a pond on the grounds of the house, and Ted heals his injuries.

When Remus Lupin follows Harry to Grimmauld Place, he is volunteering to travel with Harry, Hermione, and Ron, to give them any help he can. He says that he has left Tonks with Ted and Andromeda. Harry sends him back to take care of Dora and their unborn child.

Near the beginning of December, Harry, Hermione, and Ron use Extendable Ears to overhear a group of people who are travelling through the countryside, to escape the current Ministry edicts. Ted is among their number, and he passes on some information about the sword of Gryffindor.

Ron, when he returns to the group, brings a small wireless with him. This wireless will occasionally pick up a program called "Potterwatch", a pirate signal that tells the true news of what is going on. The one programme they receive, around the end of March, tells that Ted had been killed, along with two other members of the group that had been travelling with him.

Strengths
Since Ted manages to survive on the run for a while, this demonstrates at least some skill in evasive and concealment magic.

He is also able to heal light wounds, as demonstrated when he helps Harry recuperate in his home.

Weaknesses
As we see very little of Ted, it is difficult to divine if he has many weaknesses. At the very least, if he was killed along with two other members of his group, this may be an indication that he is not the best duellist.

Relationships with Other Characters
Ted is the husband of Andromeda and father of Nymphadora. He affectionately refers to them by pet names "Dromeda" and "Dora".

He has some alliances within the Wizarding World, including other wizards Dirk Cresswell and Dean, and even goblins Griphook and Gornuk; as a Muggle-born at risk, it is with this little group that he goes on the run.

While Ted does not appear to be a full-time member of the Order of the Phoenix, he is an ally thereof, and father to Nymphadora, a member. This indicates a degree of loyalty to Dumbledore and the Light.

Analysis
Ted is presented as a sympathetic character, with a warm personality, kind face, and relative skill with magic. After the dramatic, deadly battle Harry has just endured, Ted's presence provides some grounding to Harry.

The reader has seen, over the series, an increasing intolerance towards Muggle-borns, Squibs and others not of "blood status". Ted's flight into hiding and his subsequent murder, while sad, is another example of how common this has become under the new régime.

Questions

 * 1) How do you think Ted met Andromeda, since he is a Muggle-born and she came from the pure-blood Black family?
 * 2) How close to the Order of the Phoenix might Ted be? Is he a member, or just an ally?
 * 3) Why did Ted feel like he needed to go on the run? Why was he later killed?

Greater Picture
It may be of note to mention that Teddy Lupin, Ted's grandson, is named after him. This is in alignment with naming children after family members, and since Teddy is born after Ted's death, in honour of his legacy.


text: Template:Dubious

title: Template:Dubious


text:
User talk:70.17.192.25

Thanks for experimenting with Wikibooks. Your test worked, and has now been removed. Please use Sandbox for any other tests you want to do, since testing material in modules will normally be removed quickly. Please see the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our project. Thanks. Webaware talk 04:51, 29 July 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:70.17.192.25


text:
JET Database/Insert

Data can be added to tables using the  statement. The statement takes the following basic form:

title: JET Database/Insert


text:
Cookbook:Menemen (Eggs with Onion, Green Pepper, and Tomato)

 * Middle Eastern Cuisines | Turkish Cuisine | Egg Dishes

Menemen is a Turkish dish of eggs with onion, green pepper and tomato. It can be served as a breakfast or luncheon dish.

Ingredients

 * 4 eggs
 * 2 onions
 * 2 green peppers
 * 4 tomatoes
 * 2 tablespoons chopped parsley
 * 2 tablespoons olive oil
 * 1–2 tsp dried oregano (optional)
 * 1–2 tsp sweet paprika (optional)
 * Salt
 * Pepper

Procedure

 * 1) Prepare a concassée of tomatoes by blanching, peeling, seeding and dicing the tomatoes. Alternately, you may simply grind the tomatoes in a food processor or grate them using a box grater.
 * 2) Dice the onions and peppers in medium dice and sauté in the olive oil until tender.
 * 3) Add the oregano and paprika, if using.
 * 4) Add the tomatoes to the peppers and onion and cook for 5 minutes.
 * 5) Add the parsley and season with salt and freshly ground black pepper.
 * 6) Beat the eggs and pour over the mixture in the pan. Stir until cooked.
 * 7) Serve with Turkish bread.


text:
Talk:Applied History of Psychology/Clinical Treatment

Bold textSOLUTION FOCUSED BRIEF THERAPY:''' Also having input to this field were the innovative team at the Mental Researh Institute in Palo Alto, California. Carry on the work of Don Jackson, the team of Fisch, Weakland, Waltzawick, Bodin et alia looked at communication in mental health issues. They came up with the 'Double Bind Theory' and the'Theory of Schizophrenia'. Their work in this field should not be overlooked.'''


text:
User talk:Christinelaura~enwikibooks

Welcome message
Welcome, !

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally.

You might also be interested to read our Cookbook policy page and talk to other Cookbook editors. Webaware talk 08:21, 29 July 2007 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Christinelaura. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Christinelaura~enwikibooks that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:06, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 04:48, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Christinelaura~enwikibooks


text:
User talk:Mike Hayes

Welcome message
Welcome, !

Come introduce yourself at the new users page. If you have any questions, you can ask there or contact me personally.

You might also be interested to read our Cookbook policy page and talk to other Cookbook editors. Webaware talk 08:30, 29 July 2007 (UTC)

Linking
G'day Mike, thought you might like to know that you can link to Wikipedia via internal links by prefixing the page name with "w:". See Help:Editing for details. Webaware talk 01:32, 30 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Thank you. I tried reading the instructions in Help but didn't succeed.  I'll give it another go. Mike Hayes 01:36, 30 July 2007 (UTC)

Copying from Wikipedia
G'day Mike, great work you're doing on the Cookbook. Please note, however, that if you want to base a module on something out of Wikipedia, or another Wiki project, you should request an import so that we can maintain the edit histories for the information as required under our licensing provisions. I've tagged a couple of your new articles as being copy-and-paste imports for now, but you need to go back and list them on WB:RFI so that an admin can bring across the edit history. thanks, Webaware talk 09:01, 30 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Okay, I left a message on WB:RFI. However, I decided the arab-cuisine article is not suitable for the basis of a cookbook and so I have deleted all the content leaving only the title and indices.  I will start writing it from scratch. Mike Hayes 16:20, 30 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks, mate. I hope you don't mind, but I edited the listing a little to make it clearer to whoever does the import. cheers, Webaware talk 00:29, 31 July 2007 (UTC)

Fair use images
G'day Mike, when uploading images under the assumption of Fair Use, please tag them with the license tag fair use instead of the two non-existent templates you've been using. I'd appreciate it if you could go back over the images you've uploaded and fix that; I've already done some, but you keep uploading more with the old tags. cheers, Webaware talk 07:23, 15 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Only with pleasure. Mike Hayes 19:25, 15 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks mate, much appreciated. Webaware talk 06:22, 16 August 2007 (UTC)

Image licensing
G'day Mike, you can specify the license on your images more specifically by selecting one of the tags from this page. cheers, Webaware talk 01:08, 18 August 2007 (UTC)

Cookbook
I just wanted to let you know that I've been following along with your edits in the RC feed, and you're doing a great job. Each individual edit might be small, but they're adding up to something big. Good work! --Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 16:45, 13 September 2008 (UTC)

Image:Frangelico.jpg is missing a fair use rationale

 * Hi Mike, thanks for the reply. I think there is only or maybe two without a fair use rationale. I'm only tagging them in the hope that some other kind soul will fix the rationale templates. They won't be deleted if they meet the fair use criteria. The tagging just provides a useful way of me finding them all again (i.e., providing a list of ones that need fixing) rather than a "fix it in 7 days or be deleted" warning. We're busy moving all the non-fair use media to Commons, which is the only reason this has come up now. Shame you lost interest thought, the idiot has probably gone now! QU TalkQu 12:06, 1 January 2010 (UTC)

 * Okay, I've fixed this one (there was only one) as it was easy because you provided the original source. If only everyone would do the same! Cheers. QU TalkQu 12:24, 1 January 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Mike Hayes