text:
Talk:Arabic

Minority languages by country
These need serious sources. I doubt Arabic is recognized in most of those countries. Beshogur (talk) 22:10, 18 March 2023 (UTC)

 * I agree but at least the Israel and South Africa appear to be actually recognized no clue on the other countries Qwv (talk) 23:24, 23 March 2023 (UTC)
 * Yeah, and why's Pakistan there? ― Ö S M A N (talk · contribs) 12:38, 23 October 2023 (UTC)
 * Thats like saying Brazil isn’t Portuguese because of its name, yet it’s like saying United States of America is American (It is English, are you stupid?) Cometkeiko (talk) 14:04, 13 November 2023 (UTC)

New country accepted arabic as an official language
Mali had accepted arabic as an official language as “Hassaniya arabic” which is a dialect within maghrebi arabic, so mali should be added within the countries with arabic as an official language. 88.240.249.238 (talk) 20:03, 4 August 2023 (UTC)

 * It's not "Arabic" that is official but Hassanya (in French in the Constitution of Mali: "le hasanya (maure)"). So Mali is listed there: Hassaniya Arabic but not here. Similarly, Malta isn't listed here even though its official language, Maltese, is a variety within Maghrebi Arabic. a455bcd9 (Antoine) (talk) 20:10, 4 August 2023 (UTC)
 * How exactly did you come to the conclusion that Hassaniya Arabic is not Arabic? M.Bitton (talk) 10:02, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * I said that our primary source (the Constitution of Mali) gives "hasanya" as the official language and not Arabic so we shouldn't add it for the same reason that we don't add Maltese. Also I couldn't find reliable secondary sources giving "Arabic" as the official language of Mali. So I think the status quo in the infobox is the best option, although I'll add the information in the rest of the article. a455bcd9 (Antoine) (talk) 10:22, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * The issue of Hassaniya is tricky. In some places, it is in a diglossia relation with Standard Arabic, in others, it resembles Maltese in being within the linguistic range of an Arabic variety, but having the status of a language entity of its own (including a distict literary form, even if not standardized). I think @a455bcd9's solution is a good one. –Austronesier (talk) 10:36, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Thanks. For consistency we should probably remove Cyprus, Mali, and Senegal from "Recognised minority language in" in the infobox. (Otherwise, why isn't Morocco listed as well? Indeed, Morocco has "Arabic" as its official language and "Hassani" recognized in Article 5 of the Constitution.) a455bcd9 (Antoine) (talk) 10:52, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * I still don't get it. I suspect that by "not Arabic" you mean not MSA. Am I mistaken? M.Bitton (talk) 10:53, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Once you say that "Arabic is the official language of X", will you ever expect that anything else but MSA is meant here? ("Official" in the sense of being the language of jurisdiction, public administration etc.) –Austronesier (talk) 11:05, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * In this instance, we have Hassaniya Arabic (which is Arabic, but not MSA). M.Bitton (talk) 11:09, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Yes, exactly, and this is why flatly saying "Arabic is the official language of X" (or "Official language in X") without any qualifier (" Hassaniya Arabic" etc.) in such special cases is potentially misleading, given the well-known diglossia in Arabic-speaking world. My personal expectation when simply reading "Arabic is the official language of X" is that MSA is meant here. We can have such special cases in the infobox, but with an appropriate qualifier.
 * NB this is only for "official language". In the case of "recognized minority languages" which does not necessarily imply official usage and therefore is not acrolect-focused, the wider inclusion of non-MSA varieties does not carry the element of surprise for me. –Austronesier (talk) 11:22, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Equally, you can argue that flatly saying "Arabic is the official language of X" (or "Official language in X") without any qualifier ("MSA Arabic" etc.) is also misleading. M.Bitton (talk) 11:26, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Not really. Once you talk about "official", my default expectation is the acrolect. That's just me though :) –Austronesier (talk) 11:28, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * You said it, that's your expectation. M.Bitton (talk) 11:31, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * But frankly, how many Arabic-speaking countries do actually go against this uninformed expectation of mine? As in, in how many Arabic-speaking countries, the constitution is not written in MSA? –Austronesier (talk) 11:38, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * I agree with @Austronesier. And most importantly: how many reliable secondary sources have we declaring that Arabic is the official language of Mali? a455bcd9 (Antoine) (talk) 11:41, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Do we all agree that it's MSA that is official in the mentioned countries? M.Bitton (talk) 11:44, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * @M.Bitton Yes, all the countries to listed mention "Arabic" as their official language in their legislation and we have reliable secondary sources giving "Arabic" as their official languağ as well. In practice the written standard they use is MSA. a455bcd9 (Antoine) (talk) 11:53, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * So that's a yes. Should we specify in the article that MSA is official in X countries (to avoid any potential confusion)? M.Bitton (talk) 11:59, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * It's already specified in the introduction: MSA is only acquired through formal education and is not spoken natively. It is the language of literature, official documents, and formal written media. In spoken form, MSA is used in formal contexts, news bulletins and for prayers.[19] This variety is the lingua franca of the Arab world and the liturgical language of Islam.[20] It is an official language of 26 states and 1 disputed territory, the third most after English and French.[21] It is also one of six official languages of the United Nations.[22] a455bcd9 (Antoine) (talk) 12:03, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * I was referring to the Infobox which simply states "Official language in". M.Bitton (talk) 12:12, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Should we specify in the article that MSA is official in X countries (to avoid any potential confusion)? From my previous remark, obviously, no. "Arabic" can potentially refer to all its varieties on the mesolectal and basilectal level, but once you speak about Arabic as an official language, the default reading is MSA. We have similar situations for German, Italian, Bengali, Hindi, Malay and others. –Austronesier (talk) 12:44, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * We already do, so now the question is just about adjusting the Infobox. M.Bitton (talk) 12:48, 5 August 2023 (UTC)

The "Official language in" part looks fine. No need to throw in "Modern Standard Arabic" there. However, "recognised minority language in" might need some kind of relabeling. It is a recognised minority language in the classic sense in Niger, Cyprus, and arguably Israel (after it was deprived of its co-official status). In Senegal, it is specifically Hassaniya Arabic that has a status of a "national language". In Mali, Hassaniya Arabic now has co-official status. In South Africa, it is recognized nationwide as liturgical language. Similarly, in the Philippines, Arabic is recognized in the constitution because of its significance for Philippine Muslims, but there is actually no Arabic-speaking minority (except for unassimilated residents/expats).

I don't suggest to squeeze all this information into the infobox. I'm just thinking about a better label (the infobox allows for a custom parameter here). –Austronesier (talk) 13:24, 5 August 2023 (UTC)

 * The infobox is meant to summarize what's covered in the article, so I'm sure we can find a way to do that without misleading the readers or squeezing in unnecessary info. M.Bitton (talk) 13:52, 5 August 2023 (UTC)

t I'm gratefully that you are 197.241.43.12 (talk) 21:49, 7 January 2024 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 8 January 2024
"Having emerged in the first millennium BC" is a mis-citation and misleading. The cited resource states "f theneo-Assyrian monarch, Shalmaneser III (853 BCE). ". This is the earliest evidence know according to the reference author, this does not mean that the language emerged then. DecolonizeKnowledge (talk) 15:30, 8 January 2024 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate. Geardona (talk to me?) 18:36, 9 January 2024 (UTC)

seeking consensus: useless infobox image
Traditional Arabic The current image in the infobox is useless. It is just the single word العربية, which already appears above it in text in the infobox. The image caption says it's "written in Arabic naskh script"; it's not written, but typed, and with the inferior typeface Traditional Arabic. For more on why this typeface is terrible, see Titus Nemeth's Arabic Type-Making in the Machine Age (2017).

I explained this in the edit summary when I replaced the useless image with a folio of the Blue Quran, widely appreciated as one of the highest quality manuscripts written in Arabic.

Snowstormfigorion reverted my edit arguing standard for modern language articles to either have no image or a simple text file of the language's name in its script; image is also already present in the vocabulary section

To me, the basis of their opinion of Arabic as an exclusively modern language is unclear. Hebrew has an image of the Isaiah Scroll scroll. The other image in this article is a different image of a different folio of the same Quran, but it can be removed. Or if a more suitable image can be chosen we can use that one instead. But the current image is useless. إيان (talk) 04:45, 24 February 2024 (UTC)

 * I agree with having no image. The map would become the top image. FunLater (talk) 17:00, 24 February 2024 (UTC)

 * I inserted an image using the Thuluth script, as used on the main page of the Arabic Wikipedia. Also, the article linked above refers to ancient and not Modern Hebrew. Snowstormfigorion (talk) 20:47, 28 February 2024 (UTC)
 * It's about Hebrew generally, not Biblical Hebrew or Modern Hebrew, the same way this article is about Arabic generally, not Classical Arabic or Modern Standard Arabic.
 * The text you cite from the WP:AR main page is decorative. It is not used on the WP:AR article about Arabic. The main image of an article is meant to be representative/illustrative of the topic. What does File:Arabic calligraphy thuluth.svg illustrate about Arabic? Nothing. It's needlessly ornamental and does not representatively illustrate Arabic. It's placement as the main image of this article, implying that it were representative or illustrative of Arabic, is also somewhat Orientalist. There is also the issue that the mononym العربية is a neologism. Throughout most of the language's history, its speakers called it اللسان العربي.
 * Instead of a bad SVG image, the main image should be from a manuscript—the primary way in which Arabic has been recorded over the past millennium+. This would be representative and illustrative. إيان (talk) 02:06, 29 February 2024 (UTC)
 * Your first argument regarding the file being a duplicate of the typed Arabic in the article is valid, those concerning the Thuluth script, however, are null. "Needlessly ornamental" is entirely subjective; "does not representatively illustrate Arabic", it's one the oldest and most well-known scripts of Arabic; "Orientalist", see prev, the script has been in use since before orientalism was a thing; "اللسان العربي (a-lisan al-arabi)" is absurdly over-meticulous and not the used term to refer to the language either in Arabic or other languages, WP:COMMONNAME would apply here. Again, if it's used on Arabic Wikipedia's front page, using it in this article is fine, at least until further consensus is reached. Snowstormfigorion (talk) 04:51, 29 February 2024 (UTC)
 * @Snowstormfigorion please self-revert. The discussion is ongoing and you don’t have consensus for the change you wish to implement. A majority so far (FunLater and myself) believe the article is better with no image at this point. When I have a moment, perhaps tomorrow, I’ll address the arguments you make though you haven’t satisfactorily addressed the ones I raised. إيان (talk) 06:42, 29 February 2024 (UTC)

 * Funlater's response was concerning the previous file, and I believe I did address your arguments. Again, text files, as opposed to images of medieval manuscripts, are the standard infobox files used for articles on modern spoken languages; there's nothing wrong with SVG images, see Mandarin Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Hindi, Persian, Urdu, etc. Snowstormfigorion (talk) 07:22, 29 February 2024 (UTC)
 * I think the file that was used on 29 February is not a good representation of typed Arabic script. It looks unlike most modern typed text and it is, unlike most Arabic text, vowelized. But...
 * I still find no image to be the best option, the same way there is no need to add an image saying "Latina" or "English" on each of these pages. The image is redundant, العربية by itself (without لغة), instead of عربي, is uncommon in my Arabic language (and likely many others) and the Arabic script can't represent all Arabic languages: The Maltese language uses Latin. Levantine, Darija, etc. are commonly written in slightly different versions of Arabizi, in addition to the Arabic script, and Levantine is sometimes even written in the Hebrew script (the infobox has a list of scripts).
 * A map of Arabic varieties, in my opinion, better represents Arabic than العربية does, and should be the top image. FunLater (talk) 18:38, 1 March 2024 (UTC)

 * As said above, a file of one of the most well-known scripts of Arabic is a good representation of Arabic, the fact that an aspect or two of it are not present in other scripts is not really a reason not to include it. Also, the Arabic script is integral to Arabic and the second most-used script in the world, not inserting it simply because it's not used in Maltese, makes little to no sense. As for العربية, it is the most common term used to refer to the language in Modern Standard Arabic and other languages, e.g., the languages side menu on Wikipedia. Until further decision and consensus is made, the thuluth file is a decent replacement and compromise. Snowstormfigorion (talk) 21:21, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * The Arabic Wikipedia is in MSA and is referred to in MSA. This page isn't about MSA or the Arabic script; it's about all the non-signed Arabic varieties, which cannot be represented by a single word written in a single script using a single font. Also, please let's keep using the stable version with the bland العربية until a general consensus is reached. FunLater (talk) 22:14, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * I agree with no image. And with the bland Traditional Arabic version of العربية over the Orientalist ornamental image Snowstormfigorion keeps trying to force despite consensus against it. إيان (talk) 22:21, 1 March 2024 (UTC)

 * The notion that the Arabic script cannot be used to represent Arabic due to Maltese and other minor forms whose number of speakers all-together represent >1% of the majority using the script is plain unreasonable; the Arabic script is perhaps the most distinguishing feature of Arabic. العربية is used in Modern Standard Arabic due to it being the standard term used to refer to the language; and as it is not possible to use all fonts at once a well-known font is used instead., again, "ornamental" is completely arbitrary and subjective, and calling thuluth orientalist is the same as calling this 1250 quran orientalist. Snowstormfigorion (talk) 23:40, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * This article is not only about so-called MSA nor is it only about Arabic vernaculars. It treats Arabic comprehensively in WP:summary style, from its historic predecessors and origins through to the present. Indeed, this article should not give undue weight in the main image to marginal use like Maltese or ad-hoc chat orthography with which virtually nothing is published. If there is an image (which, again, is not necessary), it is entirely appropriate for it to be one that displays Arabic script.
 * That Snowstormfigorion's image is uselessly ornamental is not arbitrary or subjective. All of those little V shapes are purely decorative and serve no purpose at all. They are called علامات الإهمال. Once upon a time they denoted a حرف مهمل but now they are often used (abused) by calligraphers as space fillers.
 * The 1250 muṣḥaf is actually in the muhaqqaq hand, not thuluth. There are historical manuscripts of quality written in versions of thuluth made over the centuries since Ibn Muqla reportedly invented it that are much better than the garbage image Snowstormfigorion is trying to force through. However, the best hand/font for representing Arabic would be Kufic (also used in the 1250 muṣḥaf). It's more significant historically and today, and—unlike thuluth—it has been used everywhere Arabic has been used; it's not an exclusively Mashreqi hand. إيان (talk) 03:02, 2 March 2024 (UTC)
 * That is how the script is written, and why is the image "garbage"? because it's an SVG? As for regional use, it's really not a factor that should be considered, instead the notability of the script. It seems that your argument against the thuluth script is simply that you're not fond of it. Snowstormfigorion (talk) 16:15, 8 March 2024 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 15 April 2024
change ""Arabic is an official language of 26 states and one disputed territory, the third most after English and French, one of six official languages of the United Nations,and is the liturgical language of Islam." to

"Arabic is an official language of 26 states and one disputed territory, the third most frequently spoken after English and French, one of six official languages of the United Nations,and is the liturgical language of Islam." 2601:2C3:C000:3830:44A9:E5AE:1261:A607 (talk) 14:08, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not the third most frequently "spoken". M.Bitton (talk) 14:18, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
 * It's gotta be the third most something. If it isn't the third most anything then, of course, the clause doesn't belong there. Largoplazo (talk) 14:20, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
 * It's referring to the number of states where it's official (that's why French is listed as the second). M.Bitton (talk) 14:23, 15 April 2024 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 6 July 2024
This article needs attention from an expert in linguistics. The specific problem is: There seems to be some confusion surrounding the chronology of Arabic's origination, including notably in the paragraph on Qaryat Al-Faw (also discussed on talk). There are major sourcing gaps from "Literary Arabic" onwards. 64.189.18.48 (talk) 05:50, 6 July 2024 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate. Skitash (talk) 12:55, 6 July 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Arabic


text:
Argument from morality

The argument from morality is an argument for the existence of God. Arguments from morality tend to be based on moral normativity or moral order. Arguments from moral normativity observe some aspect of morality and argue that God is the best or only explanation for this, concluding that God must exist. Arguments from moral order are based on the asserted need for moral order to exist in the universe. They claim that, for this moral order to exist, God must exist to support it. The argument from morality is noteworthy in that one cannot evaluate the soundness of the argument without attending to almost every important philosophical issue in meta-ethics.

German philosopher Immanuel Kant devised an argument from morality based on practical reason. Kant argued that the goal of humanity is to achieve perfect happiness and virtue (the summum bonum) and believed that an afterlife must be assumed to exist in order for this to be possible, and that God must be assumed to exist to provide this. Rather than aiming to prove the existence of God, however, Kant was simply attempting to demonstrate that all moral thought requires the assumption that God exists, and therefore that we are entitled to make such an assumption only as a regulative principle rather than a constitutive principle (meaning that such a principle can guide our actions, but it does not provide knowledge). In his book Mere Christianity, C. S. Lewis argued that "conscience reveals to us a moral law whose source cannot be found in the natural world, thus pointing to a supernatural Lawgiver." Lewis argued that accepting the validity of human reason as a given must include accepting the validity of practical reason, which could not be valid without reference to a higher cosmic moral order which could not exist without a God to create and/or establish it. A related argument is from conscience; John Henry Newman argued that the conscience supports the claim that objective moral truths exist because it drives people to act morally even when it is not in their own interest. Newman argued that, because the conscience suggests the existence of objective moral truths, God must exist to give authority to these truths.

Contemporary defenders of the argument from morality are Graham Ward, Alister McGrath and William Lane Craig.

General form
All variations of the argument from morality begin with an observation about moral thought or experiences and conclude with the existence of God. Some of these arguments propose moral facts which they claim evident through human experience, arguing that God is the best explanation for these. Other versions describe some end which humans should strive to attain that is only possible if God exists.

Many arguments from morality are based on moral normativity, which suggests that objective moral truths exist and require God's existence to give them authority. Often, they consider that morality seems to be binding – obligations are seen to convey more than just a preference, but imply that the obligation will stand, regardless of other factors or interests. For morality to be binding, God must exist. In its most general form, the argument from moral normativity is:

 * 1) A human experience of morality is observed.
 * 2) God is the best or only explanation for this moral experience.
 * 3) Therefore, God exists.

Some arguments from moral order suggest that morality is based on rationality and that this can only be the case if there is a moral order in the universe. The arguments propose that only the existence of God as orthodoxly conceived could support the existence of moral order in the universe, so God must exist. Alternative arguments from moral order have proposed that we have an obligation to attain the perfect good of both happiness and moral virtue. They attest that whatever we are obliged to do must be possible, and achieving the perfect good of both happiness and moral virtue is only possible if a natural moral order exists. A natural moral order requires the existence of God as orthodoxly conceived, so God must exist.

Practical reason
In his Critique of Pure Reason, German philosopher Immanuel Kant stated that no successful argument for God's existence arises from reason alone. In his Critique of Practical Reason he went on to argue that, despite the failure of these arguments, morality requires that God's existence is assumed, owing to practical reason. Rather than proving the existence of God, Kant was attempting to demonstrate that all moral thought requires the assumption that God exists. Kant argued that humans are obliged to bring about the summum bonum: the two central aims of moral virtue and happiness, where happiness arises out of virtue. As ought implies can, Kant argued, it must be possible for the summum bonum to be achieved. He accepted that it is not within the power of humans to bring the summum bonum about, because we cannot ensure that virtue always leads to happiness, so there must be a higher power who has the power to create an afterlife where virtue can be rewarded by happiness.

Philosopher G. H. R. Parkinson notes a common objection to Kant's argument: that what ought to be done does not necessarily entail that it is possible. He also argues that alternative conceptions of morality exist which do not rely on the assumptions that Kant makes – he cites utilitarianism as an example which does not require the summum bonum. Nicholas Everitt argues that much moral guidance is unattainable, such as the Biblical command to be Christ-like. He proposes that Kant's first two premises only entail that we must try to achieve the perfect good, not that it is actually attainable.

Argument from objective moral truths
Both theists and non-theists have accepted that the existence of objective moral truths might entail the existence of God. Atheist philosopher J. L. Mackie accepted that, if objective moral truths existed, they would warrant a supernatural explanation. Scottish philosopher W. R. Sorley presented the following argument:
 * 1) If morality is objective and absolute, God must exist.
 * 2) Morality is objective and absolute.
 * 3) Therefore, God must exist.

Many critics have challenged the second premise of this argument, by offering a biological and sociological account of the development of human morality which suggests that it is neither objective nor absolute. This account, supported by biologist E. O. Wilson and philosopher Michael Ruse, proposes that the human experience of morality is a by-product of natural selection, a theory philosopher Mark D. Linville calls evolutionary naturalism. According to the theory, the human experience of moral obligations was the result of evolutionary pressures, which attached a sense of morality to human psychology because it was useful for moral development; this entails that moral values do not exist independently of the human mind. Morality might be better understood as an evolutionary imperative in order to propagate genes and ultimately reproduce. No human society today advocates immorality, such as theft or murder, because it would undoubtedly lead to the end of that particular society and any chance for future survival of offspring. Scottish empiricist David Hume made a similar argument, that belief in objective moral truths is unwarranted and to discuss them is meaningless.

Because evolutionary naturalism proposes an empirical account of morality, it does not require morality to exist objectively; Linville considers the view that this will lead to moral scepticism or antirealism. C. S. Lewis argued that, if evolutionary naturalism is accepted, human morality cannot be described as absolute and objective because moral statements cannot be right or wrong. Despite this, Lewis argued, those who accept evolutionary naturalism still act as if objective moral truths exist, leading Lewis to reject naturalism as incoherent. As an alternative ethical theory, Lewis offered a form of divine command theory which equated God with goodness and treated goodness as an essential part of reality, thus asserting God's existence.

J. C. A. Gaskin challenges the first premise of the argument from moral objectivity, arguing that it must be shown why absolute and objective morality entails that morality is commanded by God, rather than simply a human invention. It could be the consent of humanity that gives it moral force, for example. American philosopher Michael Martin argues that it is not necessarily true that objective moral truths must entail the existence of God, suggesting that there could be alternative explanations: he argues that naturalism may be an acceptable explanation and, even if a supernatural explanation is necessary, it does not have to be God (polytheism is a viable alternative). Martin also argues that a non-objective account of ethics might be acceptable and challenges the view that a subjective account of morality would lead to moral anarchy.

William Lane Craig has argued for this form of the moral argument.

Argument for conscience
Related to the argument from morality is the argument from conscience, associated with eighteenth-century bishop Joseph Butler and nineteenth-century cardinal John Henry Newman. Newman proposed that the conscience, as well as giving moral guidance, provides evidence of objective moral truths which must be supported by the divine. He argued that emotivism is an inadequate explanation of the human experience of morality because people avoid acting immorally, even when it might be in their interests. Newman proposed that, to explain the conscience, God must exist.

British philosopher John Locke argued that moral rules cannot be established from conscience because the differences in people's consciences would lead to contradictions. Locke also noted that the conscience is influenced by "education, company, and customs of the country", a criticism mounted by J. L. Mackie, who argued that the conscience should be seen as an "introjection" of other people into an agent's mind. Michael Martin challenges the argument from conscience with a naturalistic account of conscience, arguing that naturalism provides an adequate explanation for the conscience without the need for God's existence. He uses the example of the internalization by humans of social pressures, which leads to the fear of going against these norms. Even if a supernatural cause is required, he argues, it could be something other than God; this would mean that the phenomenon of the conscience is no more supportive of monotheism than polytheism.

C. S. Lewis argues for the existence of God in a similar way in his book Mere Christianity, but he does not directly refer to it as the argument from morality.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Argument from morality


text:
ASL (disambiguation)

ASL is a common initialism for American Sign Language, the sign language of the United States and Canada (not be confused with Auslan, also called ASL or Asilulu language which has the ISO code ASL), and may also refer to:

Sport

 * American Soccer League (disambiguation)
 * Australia's Surfing Life, surf magazine
 * African Super League, a future CAF club competition
 * Axpo Super League, former name of the Swiss Super League

Other uses

 * A Static Lullaby, American post-hardcore band
 * Advanced Squad Leader, a tactical board wargame
 * A shorted version of the following slang terms:
 * age/sex/location, internet slang
 * As hell, slang popular amongst members of Generation Z
 * Average shot length, in film editing
 * AfreecaTV StarCraft League, a video game tournament series

Aviation

 * Aeronautical Syndicate, British aeroplane manufacturer.
 * Air Serbia, ICAO airline code
 * ASL Airlines Australia,
 * ASL Airlines Ireland, cargo airline

Biology and medicine

 * American Society of Lymphology, former name of the Lymphology Association of North America
 * Argininosuccinate lyase, an enzyme
 * Arterial spin labelling, a perfusion MRI technique

Computing

 * ACPI Source Language, for ACPI tables
 * Adobe Source Libraries, open-source GUI software libraries
 * Advanced Simulation Library, open-source hardware-accelerated multiphysics simulation software
 * AMPL Solver Library, an open-source automatic differentiation library
 * Apache Software License, an open-source license for software
 * Application Services Library, a process model for the maintenance of software applications
 * Arithmetic shift left, an operation implementing an arithmetic shift

Other uses

 * Above sea level, an altitude measurement
 * Association for Symbolic Logic, of specialists in mathematical logic and philosophical logic
 * Automated side loader, type of garbage collection truck
 * Atmospheric Sciences Laboratory, a research institution formerly under the U.S. Army Materiel Command

Education

 * The American School in London
 * Appalachian School of Law, Grundy, Virginia
 * Art Students' League of Philadelphia

Other uses

 * Anti-Saloon League, an organization of temperance movements that lobbied for prohibition in the United States.
 * Advanced stop line, a road marking at junctions
 * Artists' Suffrage League, UK
 * Autobacs Sportscar Laboratory, of Autobacs Seven, Japan
 * Ansar al-Sharia in Libya, a Salafist Islamist militia group
 * Animelo Summer Live, a Japanese music festival

title: ASL (disambiguation)