text:
July 20

Pre-1600

 * 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus, son of emperor Vespasian, storms the Fortress of Antonia north of the Temple Mount. The Roman army is drawn into street fights with the Zealots.
 * 792 – Kardam of Bulgaria defeats Byzantine Emperor Constantine VI at the Battle of Marcellae.
 * 911 – Rollo lays siege to Chartres.
 * 1189 – Richard I of England officially invested as Duke of Normandy.
 * 1225 – Treaty of San Germano is signed at San Germano between Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II and Pope Gregory IX. A Dominican named Guala is responsible for the negotiations.
 * 1398 – The Battle of Kellistown was fought on this day between the forces of the English led by Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March against the O'Byrnes and O'Tooles under the command of Art Óg mac Murchadha Caomhánach, the most powerful Chieftain in Leinster.
 * 1402 – Ottoman-Timurid Wars: Battle of Ankara: Timur, ruler of Timurid Empire, defeats forces of the Ottoman Empire sultan Bayezid I.
 * 1592 – During the first Japanese invasion of Korea, Japanese forces led by Toyotomi Hideyoshi captured Pyongyang, although they were ultimately unable to hold it.

1601–1900

 * 1705 – A fire in Oulu, Finland almost completely destroyed the fourth district, which covered the southern part of the city and was by far the largest of the city districts.
 * 1715 – Seventh Ottoman–Venetian War: The Ottoman Empire captures Nauplia, the capital of the Republic of Venice's "Kingdom of the Morea", thereby opening the way to the swift Ottoman reconquest of the Morea.
 * 1738 – Canadian explorer Pierre Gaultier de Varennes et de La Vérendrye reaches the western shore of Lake Michigan.
 * 1799 – Tekle Giyorgis I begins his first of six reigns as Emperor of Ethiopia.
 * 1807 – Nicéphore Niépce is awarded a patent by Napoleon for the Pyréolophore, the world's first internal combustion engine, after it successfully powered a boat upstream on the river Saône in France.
 * 1810 – Citizens of Bogotá, New Granada declare independence from Spain.
 * 1831 – Seneca and Shawnee people agree to relinquish their land in western Ohio for 60,000 acres west of the Mississippi River.
 * 1848 – The first Women's Rights Convention in Seneca Falls, New York, a two-day event, concludes.
 * 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Peachtree Creek: Near Atlanta, Georgia, Confederate forces led by General John Bell Hood unsuccessfully attack Union troops under General William T. Sherman.
 * 1866 – Austro-Prussian War: Battle of Lissa: The Austrian Navy, led by Admiral Wilhelm von Tegetthoff, defeats the Italian Navy near the island of Vis in the Adriatic Sea.
 * 1871 – British Columbia joins the Canadian Confederation.
 * 1885 – The Football Association legalizes professionalism in association football under pressure from the British Football Association.

1901–present

 * 1903 – The Ford Motor Company ships its first automobile.
 * 1906 – In Finland, a new electoral law is ratified, guaranteeing the country the first and equal right to vote in the world. Finnish women are the first in Europe to receive the right to vote.
 * 1917 – World War I: The Corfu Declaration, which leads to the creation of the post-war Kingdom of Yugoslavia, is signed by the Yugoslav Committee and Kingdom of Serbia.
 * 1920 – The Greek Army takes control of Silivri after Greece is awarded the city by the Paris Peace Conference; by 1923 Greece effectively lost control to the Turks.
 * 1922 – The League of Nations awards mandates of Togoland to France and Tanganyika to the United Kingdom.
 * 1932 – In the Preußenschlag, German President Hindenburg places Prussia directly under the rule of the national government.
 * 1934 – Labor unrest in the U.S.: Police in Minneapolis fire upon striking truck drivers, during the Minneapolis Teamsters Strike of 1934, killing two and wounding sixty-seven.
 * 1934  – West Coast waterfront strike: In Seattle, police fire tear gas on and club 2,000 striking longshoremen. The governor of Oregon calls out the National Guard to break a strike on the Portland docks.
 * 1935 – Switzerland: A Royal Dutch Airlines plane en route from Milan to Frankfurt crashes into a Swiss mountain, killing thirteen.
 * 1936 – The Montreux Convention is signed in Switzerland, authorizing Turkey to fortify the Dardanelles and Bosphorus but guaranteeing free passage to ships of all nations in peacetime.
 * 1938 – The United States Department of Justice files suit in New York City against the motion picture industry charging violations of the Sherman Antitrust Act in regards to the studio system. The case would eventually result in a break-up of the industry in 1948.
 * 1940 – Denmark leaves the League of Nations.
 * 1940  – California opens its first freeway, the Arroyo Seco Parkway.
 * 1941 – Soviet leader Joseph Stalin consolidates the Commissariats of Home Affairs and National Security to form the NKVD and names Lavrentiy Beria its chief.
 * 1944 – World War II: Adolf Hitler survives an assassination attempt led by German Army Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg.
 * 1949 – The Israel–Syria Mixed Armistice Commission brokers the last of four ceasefire agreements to end the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.
 * 1950 – Cold War: In Philadelphia, Harry Gold pleads guilty to spying for the Soviet Union by passing secrets from atomic scientist Klaus Fuchs.
 * 1950  – After a month-long campaign, the majority of North Korea's Air Force was destroyed by anti-communist forces.
 * 1951 – King Abdullah I of Jordan is assassinated by a Palestinian while attending Friday prayers in Jerusalem.
 * 1954 – Germany: Otto John, head of West Germany's secret service, defects to East Germany.
 * 1960 – Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) elects Sirimavo Bandaranaike Prime Minister, the world's first elected female head of government.
 * 1960  – The Polaris missile is successfully launched from a submarine, the USS George Washington (SSBN-598), for the first time.
 * 1961 – French military forces break the Tunisian siege of Bizerte.
 * 1964 – Vietnam War: Viet Cong forces attack the capital of Định Tường Province, Cái Bè, killing 11 South Vietnamese military personnel and 40 civilians (30 of whom are children).
 * 1968 – The first International Special Olympics Summer Games are held at Soldier Field in Chicago, with about 1,000 athletes with intellectual disabilities.
 * 1969 – Apollo program: Apollo 11's crew successfully makes the first human landing on the Moon in the Sea of Tranquility. Americans Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin become the first humans to walk on the Moon six and a half hours later.
 * 1969  – A cease fire is announced between Honduras and El Salvador, six days after the beginning of the "Football War".
 * 1974 – Turkish invasion of Cyprus: Forces from Turkey invade Cyprus after a coup d'état, organised by the dictator of Greece, against president Makarios.
 * 1976 – The American Viking 1 lander successfully lands on Mars.
 * 1977 – The Central Intelligence Agency releases documents under the Freedom of Information Act revealing it had engaged in mind-control experiments.
 * 1977  – The Johnstown flood of 1977 kills 84 people and causes millions of dollars in damages.
 * 1977  – Aeroflot Flight B-2 crashes after takeoff from Vilim Airport in the Sakha Republic, killing 39.
 * 1981 – Somali Airlines Flight 40 crashes in the Balad District of Somalia, killing 50 people.
 * 1982 – Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings: The Provisional IRA detonates two bombs in Hyde Park and Regent's Park in central London, killing eight soldiers, wounding forty-seven people, and leading to the deaths of seven horses.
 * 1985 – The government of Aruba passes legislation to secede from the Netherlands Antilles.
 * 1989 – Burma's ruling junta puts opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi under house arrest.
 * 1992 – Václav Havel resigns as president of Czechoslovakia.
 * 1992  – A Tupolev Tu-154 crashes during takeoff from Tbilisi International Airport, killing all 24 aboard and four more people on the ground.
 * 1997 – The fully restored USS Constitution (a.k.a. Old Ironsides) celebrates its 200th birthday by setting sail for the first time in 116 years.
 * 1999 – The Chinese Communist Party begins a persecution campaign against Falun Gong, arresting thousands nationwide.
 * 2005 – The Civil Marriage Act legalizes same-sex marriage in Canada.
 * 2012 – James Holmes opened fire at a movie theater in Aurora, Colorado, killing 12 and injuring 70 others.
 * 2012  – Syrian civil war: The People's Protection Units (YPG) capture the cities of Amuda and Efrîn without resistance.
 * 2013 – Seventeen government soldiers are killed in an attack by FARC revolutionaries in the Colombian department of Arauca.
 * 2013  – Syrian civil war: The Battle of Ras al-Ayn ends with the expulsion of Islamist forces from the city by the People's Protection Units (YPG).
 * 2015 – A huge explosion in the mostly Kurdish border town of Suruç, Turkey, targeting the Socialist Youth Associations Federation, kills at least 31 people and injures over 100.
 * 2015  – The United States and Cuba resume full diplomatic relations after five decades.
 * 2017 – O. J. Simpson is granted parole to be released from prison after serving nine years of a 33-year sentence after being convicted of armed robbery in Las Vegas.
 * 2021 – American businessman Jeff Bezos flies to space aboard New Shepard NS-16 operated by his private spaceflight company Blue Origin.

Pre-1600

 * 682 – Taichō, Japanese monk and scholar (d. 767)
 * 1304 – Petrarch, Italian poet and scholar (d. 1374)
 * 1313 – John Tiptoft, 2nd Baron Tibetot (d. 1367)
 * 1346 – Margaret, Countess of Pembroke, daughter of King Edward III of England (d. 1361)
 * 1470 – John Bourchier, 1st Earl of Bath, English noble (d. 1539)
 * 1519 – Pope Innocent IX (d. 1591)
 * 1537 – Arnaud d'Ossat, French cardinal (d. 1604)
 * 1583 – Alban Roe, English Benedictine martyr (d. 1642)
 * 1591 – Anne Hutchinson, English Puritan preacher (d. 1643)
 * 1592 – Johan Björnsson Printz, governor of New Sweden (d. 1663)

1601–1900

 * 1601 – Robert Wallop, English politician (d. 1667)
 * 1620 – Nikolaes Heinsius the Elder, Dutch poet and scholar (d. 1681)
 * 1649 – William Bentinck, 1st Earl of Portland (d. 1709)
 * 1754 – Antoine Destutt de Tracy, French philosopher and academic (d. 1836)
 * 1757 – Garsevan Chavchavadze, Georgian politician and diplomat (d. 1811)
 * 1762 – Jakob Haibel, Austrian tenor and composer (d. 1826)
 * 1774 – Auguste de Marmont, French general (d. 1852)
 * 1789 – Mahmud II, Ottoman sultan (d. 1839)
 * 1804 – Richard Owen, English biologist, anatomist, and paleontologist (d. 1892)
 * 1816 – Sir William Bowman, English surgeon, histologist and anatomist. (d. 1892)
 * 1822 – Gregor Mendel, Austro-German monk, geneticist and botanist (d. 1884)
 * 1838 – Augustin Daly, American playwright and manager (d. 1899)
 * 1830 – Clements Markham, English explorer (d. 1916)
 * 1838  – William Paine Lord, American lawyer and politician, 9th Governor of Oregon (d. 1911)
 * 1838  – Sir George Trevelyan, 2nd Baronet, English civil servant and politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (d. 1928)
 * 1847 – Max Liebermann, German painter and academic (d. 1935)
 * 1849 – Robert Anderson Van Wyck, American lawyer and politician, 91st Mayor of New York City (d. 1918)
 * 1852 – Theo Heemskerk, Dutch lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 1932)
 * 1854 – Philomène Belliveau, Canadian artist (d. 1940)
 * 1864 – Erik Axel Karlfeldt, Swedish poet, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1931)
 * 1864  – Ruggero Oddi,  Italian physiologist and anatomist (d. 1913)
 * 1868 – Miron Cristea, Romanian cleric and politician, 38th Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1939)
 * 1873 – Alberto Santos-Dumont, Brazilian pilot (d. 1932)
 * 1876 – Otto Blumenthal, German mathematician and academic (d. 1944)
 * 1877 – Tom Crean, Irish sailor and explorer (d. 1938)
 * 1882 – Olga Hahn-Neurath, Austrian mathematician and philosopher (d. 1937)
 * 1889 – John Reith, 1st Baron Reith, Scottish broadcaster, co-founded BBC (d. 1971)
 * 1890 – Verna Felton, American actress (d. 1966)
 * 1890  – Julie Vinter Hansen, Danish-Swiss astronomer and academic (d. 1960)
 * 1890  – Giorgio Morandi, Italian painter (d. 1964)
 * 1893 – George Llewelyn Davies, English soldier (d. 1915)
 * 1895 – László Moholy-Nagy, Hungarian painter, photographer, and sculptor (d. 1946)
 * 1897 – Tadeusz Reichstein, Polish-Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
 * 1900 – Maurice Leyland, English cricketer and coach (d. 1967)

1901–present

 * 1901 – Vehbi Koç, Turkish businessman and philanthropist, founded Koç Holding (d. 1996)
 * 1901  – Eugenio Lopez Sr., Filipino businessman and founder of the Lopez Group of Companies (d. 1975)
 * 1901  – Heinie Manush, American baseball player and manager (d. 1971)
 * 1901  – Ida Mett, Belarusian Jewish anarchist (d. 1973)
 * 1902 – Leonidas Berry, American gastroenterologist (d. 1995)
 * 1905 – Joseph Levis, American foil fencer (d. 2005)
 * 1909 – Eric Rowan, South African cricketer (d. 1993)
 * 1910 – Vilém Tauský, Czech-English conductor and composer (d. 2004)
 * 1911 – Baqa Jilani, Indian cricketer (d. 1941)
 * 1911  – José Zabala-Santos, Filipino author and illustrator (d. 1985)
 * 1911  – Loda Halama, Polish dancer and actress (d. 1996)
 * 1912 – George Johnston, Australian journalist and author (d. 1970)
 * 1914 – Dobri Dobrev, Bulgarian philanthropist (d. 2018)
 * 1914  – Charilaos Florakis, Greek politician (d. 2005)
 * 1914  – Ersilio Tonini, Italian cardinal (d. 2013)
 * 1918 – Cindy Walker, American singer-songwriter and dancer (d. 2006)
 * 1919 – Edmund Hillary, New Zealand mountaineer and explorer (d. 2008)
 * 1919  – Jacquemine Charrott Lodwidge, English writer (d. 2012)
 * 1920 – Elliot Richardson, American lieutenant and politician, 11th United States Secretary of Defense (d. 1999)
 * 1921 – Henri Alleg, English-French journalist and author (d. 2013)
 * 1922 – Alan Stephenson Boyd, American lawyer and politician, 1st United States Secretary of Transportation (d. 2020)
 * 1923 – Stanisław Albinowski, Polish economist and journalist (d. 2005)
 * 1924 – Lola Albright, American actress and singer (d. 2017)
 * 1924  – Thomas Berger, American author and playwright (d. 2014)
 * 1924  – Mort Garson, Canadian-American songwriter and composer (d. 2008)
 * 1925 – Jacques Delors, French economist and politician, 8th President of the European Commission (d. 2023)
 * 1925  – Frantz Fanon, French–Algerian psychiatrist and philosopher (d. 1961)
 * 1927 – Barbara Bergmann, American economist and academic (d. 2015)
 * 1927  – Heather Chasen, English actress (d. 2020)
 * 1927  – Michael Gielen, Austrian conductor and composer (d. 2019)
 * 1927  – Ian P. Howard, English-Canadian psychologist and academic (d. 2013)
 * 1928 – Józef Czyrek, Polish economist and politician, Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 2013)
 * 1928  – Belaid Abdessalam, Prime Minister of Algeria (d. 2020)
 * 1929 – Hazel Hawke, Australian social worker and pianist, 23rd Spouse of the Prime Minister of Australia (d. 2013)
 * 1929  – Mike Ilitch, American businessman, founded Little Caesars (d. 2017)
 * 1929  – Rajendra Kumar, Pakistani-Indian actor and producer (d. 1999)
 * 1929  – David Tonkin, Australian politician, 38th Premier of South Australia (d. 2000)
 * 1930 – Giannis Agouris, Greek journalist and author (d. 2006)
 * 1930  – Chuck Daly, American basketball player and coach (d. 2009)
 * 1930  – William H. Goetzmann, American historian and author (d. 2010)
 * 1930  – Sally Ann Howes, English-American singer and actress (d. 2021)
 * 1931 – Shakuntala Karandikar, Indian biographer, essayist and philanthropist (d. 2018)
 * 1931  – Tony Marsh, English race car driver (d. 2009)
 * 1932 – Nam June Paik, American artist (d. 2006)
 * 1932  – Otto Schily, German lawyer and politician, German Minister of the Interior
 * 1933 – Buddy Knox, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1999)
 * 1933  – Cormac McCarthy, American novelist, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 2023)
 * 1933  – Rex Williams, English snooker player
 * 1935 – Peter Palumbo, Baron Palumbo, English businessman and art collector
 * 1936 – Alistair MacLeod, Canadian novelist and short story writer (d. 2014)
 * 1936  – Barbara Mikulski, American social worker and politician
 * 1938 – Deniz Baykal, Turkish lawyer and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey (d. 2023)
 * 1938  – Roger Hunt, English footballer (d. 2021)
 * 1938  – Tony Oliva, Cuban-American baseball player and coach
 * 1938  – Diana Rigg, English actress (d. 2020)
 * 1938  – Natalie Wood, American actress (d. 1981)
 * 1939 – Judy Chicago, American feminist artist
 * 1941 – Don Chuy, American football player (d. 2014)
 * 1941  – Periklis Korovesis, Greek author and journalist (d. 2020)
 * 1941  – Kurt Raab, German actor, screenwriter, and production designer (d. 1988)
 * 1942 – Pete Hamilton, American race car driver (d. 2017)
 * 1943 – Chris Amon, New Zealand race car driver (d. 2016)
 * 1943  – John Lodge, English singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer
 * 1943  – Bob McNab, English footballer
 * 1943  – Adrian Păunescu, Romanian poet, journalist, and politician (d. 2010)
 * 1943  – Wendy Richard, English actress (d. 2009)
 * 1944 – Mel Daniels, American basketball player and coach (d. 2015)
 * 1944  – W. Cary Edwards, American politician (d. 2010)
 * 1944  – Olivier de Kersauson, French sailor
 * 1944  – T. G. Sheppard, American country music singer-songwriter
 * 1945 – Charles Bowden, American non-fiction author, journalist and essayist (d. 2014)
 * 1945  – Kim Carnes, American singer-songwriter
 * 1945  – Larry Craig, American soldier and politician
 * 1945  – Bo Rein, American football player and coach (d. 1980)
 * 1946 – Randal Kleiser, American actor, director, and producer
 * 1947 – Gerd Binnig, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
 * 1947  – Carlos Santana, Mexican-American singer-songwriter and guitarist
 * 1948 – Muse Watson, American actor and producer
 * 1950 – Edward Leigh, English lawyer and politician
 * 1950  – Lucille Lemay, Canadian archer
 * 1951 – Jeff Rawle, English actor and screenwriter
 * 1953 – Dave Evans, Welsh-Australian singer-songwriter
 * 1953  – Thomas Friedman, American journalist and author
 * 1953  – Marcia Hines, American-Australian singer and actress
 * 1954 – Moira Harris, American actress
 * 1954  – Jay Jay French, American guitarist and producer
 * 1955 – Desmond Douglas, Jamaican-English table tennis player
 * 1955  – René-Daniel Dubois, Canadian actor and playwright
 * 1955  – Jem Finer, English banjo player and songwriter
 * 1956 – Paul Cook, English drummer
 * 1956  – Thomas N'Kono, Cameroonian footballer
 * 1956  – Jim Prentice, Canadian lawyer and politician, 16th Premier of Alberta (d. 2016)
 * 1958 – Mick MacNeil, Scottish keyboard player and songwriter
 * 1958  – Billy Mays, American salesman (d. 2009)
 * 1959 – Radney Foster, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
 * 1960 – Claudio Langes, Italian race car driver
 * 1960  – Prvoslav Vujčić, Serbian-Canadian poet and philosopher
 * 1960  – Sudesh Berry, Indian actor
 * 1960  – Mike Witt, American baseball player
 * 1961 – Óscar Elías Biscet, Cuban physician and activist, founded the Lawton Foundation
 * 1962 – Carlos Alazraqui, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
 * 1962  – Giovanna Amati, Italian race car driver
 * 1962  – Julie Bindel, English journalist, author, and academic
 * 1963 – Frank Whaley, American actor, director, and screenwriter
 * 1964 – Chris Cornell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2017)
 * 1964  – Terri Irwin, American-Australian zoologist and author
 * 1964  – Sebastiano Rossi, Italian footballer
 * 1964  – Bernd Schneider, German race car driver
 * 1965 – Jess Walter, American journalist and author
 * 1966 – Anton Du Beke, English dancer and presenter
 * 1966  – Stone Gossard, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
 * 1966  – Enrique Peña Nieto, Mexican lawyer and politician, 57th President of Mexico
 * 1967 – Courtney Taylor-Taylor, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
 * 1968 – Jimmy Carson, American ice hockey player
 * 1968  – Hami Mandıralı, Turkish footballer and manager
 * 1968  – Kool G Rap, American hip-hop artist
 * 1969 – Josh Holloway, American actor
 * 1969  – Kreso Kovacec, Croatian-German footballer
 * 1969  – Giovanni Lombardi, Italian cyclist
 * 1969  – Joon Park, South Korean-American singer
 * 1969  – Tobi Vail, American singer and guitarist
 * 1969  – Vitamin C, American singer-songwriter
 * 1971 – Charles Johnson, American baseball player
 * 1971  – Sandra Oh, Canadian actress
 * 1972 – Jamie Ainscough, Australian rugby league player
 * 1972  – Jozef Stümpel, Slovak ice hockey player
 * 1972  – Erik Ullenhag, Swedish jurist and politician
 * 1973 – Omar Epps, American actor
 * 1973  – Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway
 * 1973  – Peter Forsberg, Swedish ice hockey player and manager
 * 1973  – Nixon McLean, Caribbean cricketer
 * 1973  – Roberto Orci, Mexican-American screenwriter and producer
 * 1973  – Claudio Reyna, American soccer player
 * 1975 – Ray Allen, American basketball player and actor
 * 1975  – Judy Greer, American actress and producer
 * 1975  – Erik Hagen, Norwegian footballer
 * 1975  – Birgitta Ohlsson, Swedish journalist and politician, 5th Swedish Minister for European Union Affairs
 * 1975  – Jason Raize, American singer and actor (d. 2004)
 * 1975  – Yusuf Şimşek, Turkish footballer and manager
 * 1976 – Erica Hill, American journalist
 * 1976  – Debashish Mohanty, Indian cricketer and coach
 * 1976  – Andrew Stockdale, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
 * 1976  – Alex Yoong, Malaysian race car driver
 * 1977 – Kiki Musampa, Congolese footballer
 * 1977  – Yves Niaré, French shot putter (d. 2012)
 * 1977  – Alessandro Santos, Brazilian-Japanese footballer
 * 1978 – Pavel Datsyuk, Russian ice hockey player
 * 1978  – Will Solomon, American basketball player
 * 1978  – Elliott Yamin, American singer-songwriter
 * 1978  – Ieva Zunda, Latvian runner and hurdler
 * 1979 – Miklós Fehér, Hungarian footballer (d. 2004)
 * 1979  – Charlotte Hatherley, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
 * 1979  – David Ortega, Spanish swimmer
 * 1980 – Tesfaye Bramble, English-Montserratian footballer
 * 1980  – Gisele Bündchen, Brazilian model, fashionista, and businesswoman
 * 1981 – Viktoria Ladõnskaja, Estonian journalist and politician
 * 1982 – Antoine Vermette, Canadian ice hockey player
 * 1984 – Alexi Casilla, Dominican baseball player
 * 1984  – Matt Gilroy, American ice hockey player
 * 1985 – John Francis Daley, American actor and screenwriter
 * 1985  – Harley Morenstein, Canadian actor and YouTube personality
 * 1985  – David Mundy, Australian footballer
 * 1986 – Osric Chau, Canadian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
 * 1987 – Nicola Benedetti, Scottish violinist
 * 1987  – Niall McGinn, Irish footballer
 * 1988 – Julianne Hough, American singer-songwriter, actress, and dancer
 * 1988  – Stephen Strasburg, American baseball player
 * 1988  – Shahram Mahmoudi, Iranian volleyball player
 * 1989 – Javier Cortés, Mexican footballer
 * 1989  – Cristian Pasquato, Italian footballer
 * 1990 – Lars Unnerstall, German footballer
 * 1991 – Chiyoshōma Fujio, Mongolian sumo wrestler
 * 1991  – Ryan James, Australian rugby league player
 * 1991  – Kira Kazantsev, Miss America 2015
 * 1991  – Philipp Reiter, German mountaineer and runner
 * 1991  – Tawan Vihokratana, Thai actor, host, and model
 * 1993 – Steven Adams, New Zealand basketball player
 * 1993  – Nick Cousins, Canadian ice hockey player
 * 1995 – Moses Leota, New Zealand rugby league player
 * 1996 – Ben Simmons, Australian basketball player
 * 1999 – Pop Smoke, American rapper and singer (d. 2020)

Pre-1600

 * 518 – Amantius, Byzantine grand chamberlain and Monophysite martyr
 * 833 – Ansegisus, Frankish abbot and saint
 * 985 – Boniface VII, antipope of Rome
 * 1031 – Robert II, king of France (b. 972)
 * 1128 – Al-Ma'mun al-Bata'ihi, Fatimid vizier (b. c. 1086)
 * 1156 – Toba, emperor of Japan (b. 1103)
 * 1320 – Oshin, king of Armenia (b. 1282)
 * 1332 – Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray, regent of Scotland
 * 1387 – Robert IV, French nobleman (b. 1356)
 * 1398 – Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March, Welsh nobleman (b. 1374)
 * 1405 – Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan, fourth son of King Robert II of Scotland (approximate, b. 1343)
 * 1453 – Enguerrand de Monstrelet, French historian and author (b. 1400)
 * 1454 – John II, king of Castile and León (b. 1405)
 * 1514 – György Dózsa, Transylvanian peasant revolt leader (b. 1470)
 * 1524 – Claude, queen consort of France (b. 1499)
 * 1526 – García Jofre de Loaísa, Spanish explorer (b. 1490)
 * 1600 – William More, English courtier (b. 1520)

1601–1900

 * 1616 – Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, Irish nobleman and rebel soldier (b. 1550)
 * 1704 – Peregrine White, English-American farmer and soldier (b. 1620)
 * 1752 – Johann Christoph Pepusch, German-English composer and theorist (b. 1667)
 * 1816 – Gavrila Derzhavin, Russian poet and politician (b. 1743)
 * 1866 – Bernhard Riemann, German mathematician and academic (b. 1826)
 * 1897 – Jean Ingelow, English poet and author (b. 1820)

1901–present

 * 1901 – William Cosmo Monkhouse, English poet and critic (b. 1840)
 * 1903 – Leo XIII, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1810)
 * 1908 – Demetrius Vikelas, Greek businessman and author (b. 1835)
 * 1908  – Karl Bernhard Zoeppritz, German geophysicist and seismologist (b. 1881)
 * 1910 – Anderson Dawson, Australian politician, 14th Premier of Queensland (b. 1863)
 * 1917 – Ignaz Sowinski, Galician architect (b. 1858)
 * 1922 – Andrey Markov, Russian mathematician and theorist (b. 1856)
 * 1923 – Pancho Villa, Mexican general and politician, Governor of Chihuahua (b. 1878)
 * 1926 – Felix Dzerzhinsky, Soviet educator and politician of Belarusian origin (b. 1877)
 * 1927 – Ferdinand I, king of Romania (b. 1865)
 * 1928 – Kostas Karyotakis, Greek poet and author (b. 1896)
 * 1932 – René Bazin, French author and academic (b. 1853)
 * 1937 – Olga Hahn-Neurath, Austrian mathematician and philosopher from the Vienna Circle (b. 1882)
 * 1937  – Guglielmo Marconi, Italian physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1874)
 * 1941 – Lew Fields, American actor and producer (b. 1867)
 * 1944 – Ludwig Beck, German general (b. 1880)
 * 1944 – Mildred Harris, American actress (b. 1901)
 * 1945 – Paul Valéry, French author and poet (b. 1871)
 * 1951 – Abdullah I, king of Jordan (b. 1882)
 * 1953 – Dumarsais Estimé, Haitian lawyer and politician, 33rd President of Haiti (b. 1900)
 * 1953  – Jan Struther, English author and hymn-writer (b. 1901)
 * 1955 – Calouste Gulbenkian, Armenian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1869)
 * 1956 – James Alexander Calder, Canadian educator and politician, Canadian Minister of Militia and Defence (b. 1868)
 * 1959 – William D. Leahy, American admiral and diplomat, United States Ambassador to France (b. 1875)
 * 1965 – Batukeshwar Dutt, Indian activist (b. 1910)
 * 1968 – Bray Hammond, American historian and author (b. 1886)
 * 1970 – Iain Macleod, English journalist and politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (b. 1913)
 * 1972 – Geeta Dutt, Indian singer and actress (b. 1930)
 * 1973 – Bruce Lee, American actor and martial artist (b. 1940)
 * 1973  – Robert Smithson, American photographer and sculptor (b. 1938)
 * 1974 – Allen Jenkins, American actor and singer (b. 1900)
 * 1974  – Kamal Dasgupta, Bengali music director, composer and folk artist. (b. 1912)
 * 1976 – Joseph Rochefort, American captain and cryptanalyst (b. 1900)
 * 1977 – Gary Kellgren, American record producer, co-founded Record Plant (b. 1939)
 * 1980 – Maria Martinez, San Ildefonso Pueblo (Native American) potter (b. 1887)
 * 1981 – Kostas Choumis, Greek-Romanian footballer (b. 1913)
 * 1983 – Frank Reynolds, American soldier and journalist (b. 1923)
 * 1987 – Richard Egan, American soldier and actor (b. 1921)
 * 1989 – Forrest H. Anderson, American judge and politician, 17th Governor of Montana (b. 1913)
 * 1990 – Herbert Turner Jenkins, American police officer (b. 1907)
 * 1993 – Vince Foster, American lawyer and political figure (b. 1945)
 * 1994 – Paul Delvaux, Belgian painter (b. 1897)
 * 1997 – M. E. H. Maharoof, Sri Lankan politician (b. 1939)
 * 1998 – June Byers, American wrestler (b. 1922)
 * 1999 – Sandra Gould, American actress (b. 1916)
 * 2002 – Michalis Kritikopoulos, Greek footballer (b. 1946)
 * 2003 – Nicolas Freeling, English author (b. 1927)
 * 2004 – Lala Mara, Fijian politician (b. 1931)
 * 2004  – Valdemaras Martinkėnas, Lithuanian footballer and coach (b. 1965)
 * 2005 – James Doohan, Canadian-American actor (b. 1920)
 * 2005  – Finn Gustavsen, Norwegian journalist and politician (b. 1926)
 * 2005  – Kayo Hatta, American director and cinematographer (b. 1958)
 * 2006 – Ted Grant, South African-English theorist and activist (b. 1913)
 * 2006  – Gérard Oury, French actor, director, and producer (b. 1919)
 * 2007 – Tammy Faye Messner, American Christian evangelist and talk show host (b. 1942)
 * 2008 – Artie Traum, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer (b. 1943)
 * 2008  – Dinko Šakić, Croatian concentration camp commander (b. 1921)
 * 2009 – Vedat Okyar, Turkish footballer (b. 1945)
 * 2009  – Mark Rosenzweig, American psychologist and academic (b. 1922)
 * 2011 – Lucian Freud, German-English painter and illustrator (b. 1922)
 * 2012 – Alastair Burnet, English journalist (b. 1928)
 * 2012  – Jack Davis, American hurdler (b. 1930)
 * 2012  – José Hermano Saraiva, Portuguese historian, jurist, and politician, Portuguese Minister of Education (b. 1919)
 * 2013 – Pierre Fabre, French pharmacist and businessman, founded Laboratoires Pierre Fabre (b. 1926)
 * 2013  – Khurshed Alam Khan, Indian politician, 2nd Governor of Goa (b. 1919)
 * 2013  – Augustus Rowe, Canadian physician and politician (b. 1920)
 * 2013  – Helen Thomas, American journalist and author (b. 1920)
 * 2014 – Victor G. Atiyeh, American businessman and politician, 32nd Governor of Oregon (b. 1923)
 * 2014  – Constantin Lucaci, Romanian sculptor and educator (b. 1923)
 * 2014  – Bob McNamara, American football player (b. 1931)
 * 2014  – Klaus Schmidt, German archaeologist and academic (b. 1953)
 * 2015 – Wayne Carson, American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1943)
 * 2015  – Fred Else, English footballer and manager (b. 1933)
 * 2015  – Dieter Moebius, Swiss-German keyboard player and producer (b. 1944)
 * 2016 – Radu Beligan, Romanian actor, director, and essayist (b. 1918)
 * 2017 – Chester Bennington, American singer (b. 1976)
 * 2020 – Michael Brooks, political commentator (b. 1983)

Holidays and observances

 * Birthday of Crown Prince Haakon Magnus (Norway)
 * Christian feast day:
 * Ansegisus
 * Apollinaris of Ravenna
 * Aurelius
 * Ealhswith (or Elswith)
 * Elijah
 * Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Amelia Bloomer, Sojourner Truth, and Harriet Ross Tubman (Episcopal Church (USA))
 * Giuseppe Beotti
 * John Baptist Yi (one of The Korean Martyrs)
 * Margaret the Virgin
 * Thorlac (relic translation)
 * Wilgefortis
 * July 20 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
 * Día del Amigo (Argentina, Brazil)
 * Engineer's Day (Costa Rica)
 * Independence Day, celebrates the independence declaration of Colombia from Spain in 1810.
 * International Chess Day
 * Lempira Day (Honduras)
 * Tree Planting Day (Central African Republic)

title: July 20


text:
July 25

Pre-1600

 * 306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops.
 * 315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge.
 * 677 – Climax of the Siege of Thessalonica by the Slavs in a three-day assault on the city walls.
 * 864 – The Edict of Pistres of Charles the Bald orders defensive measures against the Vikings.
 * 918 – Wang Geon becomes King of Goryeo after overthrowing Gung Ye in a coup the previous day
 * 1137 – Eleanor of Aquitaine marries Prince Louis, later King Louis VII of France, at the Cathedral of Saint-André in Bordeaux.
 * 1139 – Battle of Ourique: The Almoravids, led by Ali ibn Yusuf, are defeated by Prince Afonso Henriques who is proclaimed King of Portugal.
 * 1261 – The city of Constantinople is recaptured by Nicaean forces under the command of Alexios Strategopoulos, re-establishing the Byzantine Empire.
 * 1278 – The naval Battle of Algeciras takes place in the context of the Spanish Reconquista resulting in a victory for the Emirate of Granada and the Maranid Dynasty over the Kingdom of Castile.
 * 1467 – The Battle of Molinella: The first battle in Italy in which firearms are used extensively.
 * 1536 – Sebastián de Belalcázar on his search of El Dorado founds the city of Santiago de Cali.
 * 1538 – The city of Guayaquil is founded by the Spanish Conquistador Francisco de Orellana and given the name Muy Noble y Muy Leal Ciudad de Santiago de Guayaquil.
 * 1547 – Henry II of France is crowned.
 * 1554 – The royal wedding of Mary I and Philip II of Spain celebrated at Winchester Cathedral.
 * 1567 – Don Diego de Losada founds the city of Santiago de Leon de Caracas, modern-day Caracas, the capital city of Venezuela.
 * 1591 – The Duke of Parma is defeated near the Dutch city of Nijmegen by an Anglo-Dutch force led by Maurice of Orange.
 * 1593 – Henry IV of France publicly converts from Protestantism to Roman Catholicism.

1601–1900

 * 1603 – James VI and I and Anne of Denmark are crowned in Westminster Abbey.
 * 1609 – The English ship Sea Venture, en route to Virginia, is deliberately driven ashore during a storm at Bermuda to prevent its sinking; the survivors go on to found a new colony there.
 * 1668 – A magnitude 8.5 earthquake strikes eastern China, killing over 43,000 people.
 * 1693 – Ignacio de Maya founds the Real Santiago de las Sabinas, now known as Sabinas Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Mexico.
 * 1718 – At the behest of Tsar Peter the Great, the construction of Kadriorg Palace, dedicated to his wife Catherine, begins in Tallinn.
 * 1722 – Dummer's War begins along the Maine-Massachusetts border.
 * 1755 – British governor Charles Lawrence and the Nova Scotia Council order the deportation of the Acadians.
 * 1759 – French and Indian War: In Western New York, British forces capture Fort Niagara from the French, who subsequently abandon Fort Rouillé.
 * 1783 – American Revolutionary War: The war's last action, the Siege of Cuddalore, is ended by a preliminary peace agreement.
 * 1788 – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart completes his Symphony No. 40 in G minor (K550).
 * 1792 – The Brunswick Manifesto is issued to the population of Paris promising vengeance if the French royal family is harmed.
 * 1797 – Horatio Nelson loses more than 300 men and his right arm during the failed conquest attempt of Tenerife (Spain).
 * 1799 – Napoleon Bonaparte defeats a numerically superior Ottoman army under Mustafa Pasha at the Battle of Abukir.
 * 1814 – War of 1812: An American attack on Canada is repulsed.
 * 1824 – Costa Rica annexes Guanacaste from Nicaragua.
 * 1837 – The first commercial use of an electrical telegraph is successfully demonstrated in London by William Cooke and Charles Wheatstone.
 * 1853 – Joaquin Murrieta, the famous Californio bandit known as the "Robin Hood of El Dorado", is killed.
 * 1861 – American Civil War: The United States Congress passes the Crittenden–Johnson Resolution, stating that the war is being fought to preserve the Union and not to end slavery, in the wake of the defeat at the First Battle of Bull Run.
 * 1866 – The United States Congress passes legislation authorizing the rank of General of the Army. Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant becomes the first to be promoted to this rank.
 * 1868 – The Wyoming Territory is established.
 * 1869 – The Japanese daimyōs begin returning their land holdings to the emperor as part of the Meiji Restoration reforms. (Traditional Japanese Date: June 17, 1869).
 * 1894 – The First Sino-Japanese War begins when the Japanese fire upon a Chinese warship.
 * 1897 – American author Jack London embarks on a sailing trip to take part in the Klondike's gold rush, from which he wrote his first successful stories.
 * 1898 – Spanish–American War: The American invasion of Spanish-held Puerto Rico begins, as United States Army troops under General Nelson A. Miles land and secure the port at Guánica.

1901–present

 * 1908 – Ajinomoto is founded. Kikunae Ikeda of the Tokyo Imperial University discovers that a key ingredient in kombu soup stock is monosodium glutamate (MSG), and patents a process for manufacturing it.
 * 1909 – Louis Blériot makes the first flight across the English Channel in a heavier-than-air machine from Calais to Dover, England, United Kingdom in 37 minutes.
 * 1915 – RFC Captain Lanoe Hawker becomes the first British pursuit aviator to earn the Victoria Cross.
 * 1917 – Sir Robert Borden introduces the first income tax in Canada as a "temporary" measure (lowest bracket is 4% and highest is 25%).
 * 1925 – Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union (TASS) is established.
 * 1934 – The Nazis assassinate Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss in a failed coup attempt.
 * 1940 – General Henri Guisan orders the Swiss Army to resist German invasion and makes surrender illegal.
 * 1942 – The Norwegian Manifesto calls for nonviolent resistance to the German occupation.
 * 1943 – World War II: Benito Mussolini is forced out of office by the King (encouraged by the Grand Council of Fascism) and is replaced by Pietro Badoglio.
 * 1944 – World War II: Operation Spring is one of the bloodiest days for the First Canadian Army during the war.
 * 1946 – The Crossroads Baker device is the first underwater nuclear weapon test.
 * 1956 – Forty-five miles south of Nantucket Island, the Italian ocean liner SS Andrea Doria collides with the MS Stockholm in heavy fog and sinks the next day, killing 51.
 * 1957 – The Tunisian King Muhammad VIII al-Amin is replaced by President Habib Bourguiba.
 * 1958 – The African Regroupment Party holds its first congress in Cotonou.
 * 1961 – Cold War: In a speech John F. Kennedy emphasizes that any attack on Berlin is an attack on NATO.
 * 1965 – Bob Dylan goes electric at the Newport Folk Festival, signaling a major change in folk and rock music.
 * 1969 – Vietnam War: U.S. President Richard Nixon declares the Nixon Doctrine, stating that the United States now expects its Asian allies to take care of their own military defense. This is the start of the "Vietnamization" of the war.
 * 1971 – The Sohagpur massacre is perpetrated by the Pakistan Army.
 * 1973 – Soviet Mars 5 space probe is launched.
 * 1976 – Viking program: Viking 1 takes the famous Face on Mars photo.
 * 1978 – Puerto Rican police shoot two nationalists in the Cerro Maravilla murders.
 * 1978  – Birth of Louise Joy Brown, the first human to have been born after conception by in vitro fertilisation, or IVF.
 * 1979 – In accord with the Egypt–Israel peace treaty, Israel begins its withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula.
 * 1983 – Black July: Thirty-seven Tamil political prisoners at the Welikada high security prison in Colombo are massacred by the fellow Sinhalese prisoners.
 * 1984 – Salyut 7 cosmonaut Svetlana Savitskaya becomes the first woman to perform a space walk.
 * 1993 – Israel launches a massive attack against Lebanon in what the Israelis call Operation Accountability, and the Lebanese call the Seven-Day War.
 * 1993  – The Saint James Church massacre occurs in Kenilworth, Cape Town, South Africa.
 * 1994 – Israel and Jordan sign the Washington Declaration, that formally ends the state of war that had existed between the nations since 1948.
 * 1995 – A gas bottle explodes in Saint Michel station of line B of the RER (Paris regional train network). Eight are killed and 80 wounded.
 * 1996 – In a military coup in Burundi, Pierre Buyoya deposes Sylvestre Ntibantunganya.
 * 2000 – Concorde Air France Flight 4590 crashes outside of Paris shortly after taking off at Charles de Gaulle Airport, killing 113 people.
 * 2007 – Pratibha Patil is sworn in as India's first female president.
 * 2010 – WikiLeaks publishes classified documents about the War in Afghanistan, one of the largest leaks in U.S. military history.
 * 2018 – As-Suwayda attacks: Coordinated attacks occur in Syria.
 * 2019 – National extreme heat records set this day in the UK, Belgium, The Netherlands and Germany during the July 2019 European heat wave.

Pre-1600

 * 975 – Thietmar, bishop of Merseburg (d. 1018)
 * 1016 – Casimir I the Restorer, duke of Poland (d. 1058)
 * 1109 – Afonso I, king of Portugal (d. 1185)
 * 1165 – Ibn Arabi, Andalusian Sufi mystic, poet, and philosopher (d. 1240)
 * 1261 – Arthur II, Duke of Brittany (d. 1312)
 * 1291 – Hawys Gadarn, Welsh noblewoman (d. 1353)
 * 1336 – Albert I, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1404)
 * 1394 – James I, king of Scotland (d. 1437)
 * 1404 – Philip I, Duke of Brabant (d. 1430)
 * 1421 – Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland, English politician (d. 1461)
 * 1450 – Jakob Wimpfeling, Renaissance humanist (d. 1528)
 * 1486 – Albrecht VII, Duke of Mecklenburg (d. 1547)
 * 1498 – Hernando de Aragón, Archbishop of Zaragoza (d. 1575)
 * 1532 – Alphonsus Rodriguez, Jesuit lay brother and saint (d. 1617)
 * 1556 – George Peele, English translator, poet, and dramatist (d. 1596)
 * 1562 – Katō Kiyomasa, Japanese warlord (d. 1611)
 * 1573 – Christoph Scheiner, German astronomer and Jesuit (d. 1650)
 * 1581 – Brian Twyne, English archivist (d. 1644)

1601–1900

 * 1605 – Theodore Haak, German scholar (d. 1690)
 * 1633 – Joseph Williamson, English politician (d. 1701)
 * 1654 – Agostino Steffani, Italian composer and diplomat (d. 1728)
 * 1657 – Philipp Heinrich Erlebach, German composer (d. 1714)
 * 1658 – Archibald Campbell, 1st Duke of Argyll, Scottish general (d. 1703)
 * 1683 – Pieter Langendijk, Dutch playwright and poet (d. 1756)
 * 1750 – Henry Knox, American general and politician, 1st United States Secretary of War (d. 1806)
 * 1753 – Santiago de Liniers, 1st Count of Buenos Aires, French-Spanish captain and politician, 10th Viceroy of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata (d. 1810)
 * 1797 – Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel (d. 1889)
 * 1806 – Maria Weston Chapman, American abolitionist (d. 1885)
 * 1839 – Francis Garnier, French captain and explorer (d. 1873)
 * 1844 – Thomas Eakins, American painter, sculptor, and photographer (d. 1916)
 * 1847 – Paul Langerhans, German pathologist, physiologist and biologist (d. 1888)
 * 1848 – Arthur Balfour, Scottish-English lieutenant and politician, 33rd Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1930)
 * 1857 – Frank J. Sprague, American naval officer and inventor (d. 1934)
 * 1865 – Jac. P. Thijsse, Dutch botanist and conservationist (d. 1945)
 * 1866 – Frederick Blackman, English physiologist and academic (d. 1947)
 * 1867 – Max Dauthendey, German author and painter (d. 1918)
 * 1867  – Alexander Rummler, American painter (d. 1959)
 * 1869 – Platon, Estonian bishop and saint (d. 1919)
 * 1870 – Maxfield Parrish, American painter and illustrator (d. 1966)
 * 1875 – Jim Corbett, Indian hunter, environmentalist, and author (d. 1955)
 * 1878 – Masaharu Anesaki, Japanese philosopher and scholar (d. 1949)
 * 1882 – George S. Rentz, American commander (d. 1942)
 * 1883 – Alfredo Casella, Italian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1947)
 * 1886 – Edward Cummins, American golfer (d. 1926)
 * 1894 – Walter Brennan, American actor (d. 1974)
 * 1894  – Gavrilo Princip, Bosnian Serb revolutionary (d. 1918)
 * 1895 – Ingeborg Spangsfeldt, Danish actress (d. 1968)
 * 1896 – Jack Perrin, American actor and stuntman (d. 1967)
 * 1896  – Josephine Tey, Scottish author and playwright (d. 1952)

1901–present

 * 1901 – Ruth Krauss, American author and poet (d. 1993)
 * 1901  – Mohammed Helmy, Egyptian physician and Righteous Among the Nations (d. 1982)
 * 1901  – Lila Lee, American actress and singer (d. 1973)
 * 1902 – Eric Hoffer, American philosopher and author (d. 1983)
 * 1905 – Elias Canetti, Bulgarian-Swiss novelist, playwright, and memoirist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1994)
 * 1905  – Georges Grignard, French race car driver (d. 1977)
 * 1905  – Denys Watkins-Pitchford, English author and illustrator (d. 1990)
 * 1906 – Johnny Hodges, American saxophonist and clarinet player (d. 1970)
 * 1908 – Bill Bowes, English cricketer (d. 1987)
 * 1908  – Ambroise-Marie Carré, French priest and author (d. 2004)
 * 1908  – Jack Gilford, American actor (d. 1990)
 * 1909 – Elizabeth Francis, American centenarian
 * 1914 – Woody Strode, American football player and actor (d. 1994)
 * 1915 – S. U. Ethirmanasingham, Sri Lankan businessman and politician
 * 1915  – Joseph P. Kennedy Jr., American lieutenant and pilot (d. 1944)
 * 1916 – Lucien Saulnier, Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 1989)
 * 1917 – Fritz Honegger, Swiss lawyer and politician (d. 1999)
 * 1918 – Jane Frank, American painter and sculptor (d. 1986)
 * 1920 – Rosalind Franklin, English biophysicist, chemist, and academic (d. 1958)
 * 1921 – Adolph Herseth, American soldier and trumpet player (d. 2013)
 * 1921  – Lionel Terray, French mountaineer (d. 1965)
 * 1922 – John B. Goodenough, American materials scientist, physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2023)
 * 1923 – Estelle Getty, American actress (d. 2008)
 * 1923  – Edgar Gilbert, American mathematician and theorist (d. 2013)
 * 1923  – Maria Gripe, Swedish journalist and author (d. 2007)
 * 1924 – Frank Church, American lawyer and politician (d. 1984)
 * 1924  – Scotch Taylor, South African cricketer and hockey player (d. 2004)
 * 1925 – Benny Benjamin, American R&B drummer (d. 1969)
 * 1925  – Jerry Paris, American actor and director (d. 1986)
 * 1925  – Dick Passwater, American race car driver (d. 2020)
 * 1925  – Jutta Zilliacus, Finnish journalist and politician
 * 1926 – Whitey Lockman, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 2009)
 * 1926  – Bernard Thompson, British television producer and director (d. 1998)
 * 1926  – Beatriz Segall, Brazilian actress (d. 2018)
 * 1927 – Daniel Ceccaldi, French actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2003)
 * 1927  – Midge Decter, American journalist and author (d. 2022)
 * 1927  – Sadiq Hussain Qureshi, Pakistani politician, 10th Governor of Punjab (d. 2000)
 * 1927  – Jean-Marie Seroney, Kenyan activist and politician (d. 1982)
 * 1928 – Dolphy, Filipino actor, singer, and producer (d. 2012)
 * 1928  – Mario Montenegro, Filipino actor (d. 1988)
 * 1928  – Nils Taube, Estonian-English businessman (d. 2008)
 * 1929 – Judd Buchanan, Canadian businessman and politician, 36th Canadian Minister of Public Works
 * 1929  – Somnath Chatterjee, Indian lawyer and politician, 14th Speaker of the Lok Sabha (d. 2018)
 * 1929  – Eddie Mazur, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1995)
 * 1930 – Murray Chapple, New Zealand cricketer and manager (d. 1985)
 * 1930  – Maureen Forrester, Canadian actress and singer (d. 2010)
 * 1930  – Alice Parizeau, Polish-Canadian journalist and criminologist (d. 1990)
 * 1930  – Herbert Scarf, American economist and academic (d. 2015)
 * 1930  – Annie Ross, Scottish-American singer and actress (d. 2020)
 * 1931 – James Butler, English sculptor and educator (d. 2022)
 * 1932 – Paul J. Weitz, American astronaut (d. 2017)
 * 1934 – Don Ellis, American trumpet player and composer (d. 1978)
 * 1934  – Claude Zidi, French director and screenwriter
 * 1935 – Barbara Harris, American actress and singer (d. 2018)
 * 1935  – Adnan Khashoggi, Saudi Arabian businessman (d. 2017)
 * 1935  – Gilbert Parent, Canadian educator and politician, 33rd Speaker of the House of Commons of Canada (d. 2009)
 * 1935  – John Robinson, American football player and coach
 * 1935  – Larry Sherry, American baseball player and coach (d. 2006)
 * 1935  – Lars Werner, Swedish lawyer and politician (d. 2013)
 * 1936 – Gerry Ashmore, English race car driver (d. 2021)
 * 1936  – Glenn Murcutt, English-Australian architect and academic
 * 1937 – Colin Renfrew, Baron Renfrew of Kaimsthorn, English archaeologist and academic
 * 1939 – S. Ramadoss, Indian politician
 * 1940 – Richard Ballantine, American-English journalist and author (d. 2013)
 * 1941 – Manny Charlton, Spanish-born Scottish rock musician and songwriter (d. 2022)
 * 1941  – Nate Thurmond, American basketball player (d. 2016)
 * 1941  – Emmett Till, African-American lynching and kidnapping victim (d. 1955)
 * 1942 – Bruce Woodley, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
 * 1943 – Jim McCarty, English singer and drummer
 * 1943  – Erika Steinbach, Polish-German politician
 * 1944 – Sally Beauman, English journalist and author (d. 2016)
 * 1946 – José Areas, Nicaraguan drummer
 * 1946  – Nicole Farhi, French fashion designer and sculptor
 * 1946  – John Gibson, American radio host
 * 1946  – Rita Marley, Cuban-Jamaican singer
 * 1946  – P. Selvarasa, Sri Lankan politician
 * 1946  – Ljupka Dimitrovska, Macedonian-Croatian pop singer (d. 2016)
 * 1948 – Steve Goodman, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1984)
 * 1950 – Mark Clarke, English singer-songwriter and bass player
 * 1951 – Jack Thompson, American lawyer and activist
 * 1951  – Verdine White, American bass player and producer
 * 1952 – Eduardo Souto de Moura, Portuguese architect, designed the Estádio Municipal de Braga
 * 1953 – Walter Payton, American football player and race car driver (d. 1999)
 * 1953  – Joseph A. Tunzi, Chicago based author, foremost expert on Elvis Presley
 * 1953  – Robert Zoellick, American banker and politician, 14th United States Deputy Secretary of State
 * 1954 – Ken Greer, Canadian guitarist, keyboard player, and producer
 * 1954  – Sheena McDonald, Scottish journalist
 * 1954  – Jochem Ziegert, German footballer and manager
 * 1955 – Iman, Somalian-English model and actress
 * 1955  – Randall Bewley, American guitarist and songwriter (d. 2009)
 * 1956  – Frances Arnold, American scientist and engineer
 * 1957 – Mark Hunter, English politician
 * 1957  – Steve Podborski, Canadian skier
 * 1958 – Alexei Filippenko, American astrophysicist and academic
 * 1958  – Thurston Moore, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
 * 1959 – Fyodor Cherenkov, Russian footballer and manager (d. 2014)
 * 1959  – Geoffrey Zakarian, American chef and author
 * 1960 – Alain Robidoux, Canadian snooker player
 * 1960  – Justice Howard, American photographer
 * 1960  – Māris Martinsons, Latvian film director, producer, screenwriter, and editor
 * 1962 – Carin Bakkum, Dutch tennis player
 * 1962  – Doug Drabek, American baseball player and coach
 * 1963 – Denis Coderre, Canadian politician, 44th Mayor of Montreal
 * 1963  – Julian Hodgson, Welsh chess player
 * 1964 – Anne Applebaum, American journalist and author
 * 1964  – Tony Granato, American ice hockey player and coach
 * 1964  – Breuk Iversen, American designer and journalist
 * 1965 – Marty Brown, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
 * 1965  – Illeana Douglas, American actress, director, producer, and screenwriter
 * 1965  – Dale Shearer, Australian rugby league player
 * 1966 – Daryl Halligan, New Zealand rugby player and sportscaster
 * 1966  – Maureen Herman, American bass player
 * 1966  – Diana Johnson, English politician
 * 1967 – Matt LeBlanc, American actor and producer
 * 1967  – Ruth Peetoom, Dutch minister and politician
 * 1967  – Tommy Skjerven, Norwegian footballer and referee
 * 1968 – Rudi Bryson, South African cricketer
 * 1968  – Shi Tao, Chinese journalist and poet
 * 1969 – Jon Barry, American basketball player and sportscaster
 * 1969  – Annastacia Palaszczuk, Australian politician, 39th Premier of Queensland
 * 1969  – D. B. Woodside, American actor
 * 1971 – Roger Creager, American singer-songwriter
 * 1971  – Tracy Murray, American basketball player
 * 1971  – Billy Wagner, American baseball player and coach
 * 1972 – David Penna, Australian rugby league player and coach
 * 1973 – David Denman, American actor
 * 1973  – Dani Filth, English singer-songwriter
 * 1973  – Kevin Phillips, English footballer
 * 1973  – Igli Tare, Albanian footballer
 * 1974 – Lauren Faust, American animator, producer, and screenwriter
 * 1974  – Julia Laffranque, Estonian lawyer and judge
 * 1974  – Kenzo Suzuki, Japanese rugby player and wrestler
 * 1975 – Jody Craddock, English footballer and coach
 * 1975  – Jean-Claude Darcheville, Guianan-French footballer
 * 1975  – El Zorro, Mexican wrestler
 * 1975  – Brian Gibson, American bass player
 * 1975  – Evgeni Nabokov, Russian ice hockey player
 * 1976 – Marcos Assunção, Brazilian footballer
 * 1976  – Jovica Tasevski-Eternijan, Macedonian poet and critic
 * 1976  – Javier Vázquez, Puerto Rican-American baseball player
 * 1977 – Kenny Thomas, American basketball player
 * 1978 – Gerard Warren, American football player
 * 1979 – Ali Carter, English snooker player
 * 1979  – Tom Lungley, English cricketer and umpire
 * 1979  – Ahmed Tantawi, Egyptian politician and journalist
 * 1980 – Shawn Riggans, American baseball player
 * 1980  – Toni Vilander, Finnish race car driver
 * 1980  – David Wachs, American actor and producer
 * 1980  – Scott Waldrom, New Zealand rugby player
 * 1981 – Finn Bálor, Irish wrestler
 * 1981  – Conor Casey, American soccer player
 * 1981  – Constantinos Charalambidis, Cypriot footballer
 * 1981  – Yūichi Komano, Japanese footballer
 * 1981  – Mac Lethal, American rapper and producer
 * 1981  – Jani Rita, Finnish ice hockey player
 * 1982 – Jason Dundas, Australian TV host
 * 1982  – Brad Renfro, American actor and musician (d. 2008)
 * 1983 – Nenad Krstić, Serbian basketball player
 * 1984 – Loukas Mavrokefalidis, Greek basketball player
 * 1985 – James Lafferty, American actor and athlete
 * 1985  – Nelson Piquet Jr., Brazilian race car driver
 * 1985  – Hugo Rodallega, Colombian footballer
 * 1986 – Abraham Gneki Guié, Ivorian footballer
 * 1986  – Hulk, Brazilian footballer
 * 1987 – Richard Bachman, American ice hockey player
 * 1987  – Mitchell Burgzorg, Dutch footballer and rapper
 * 1987  – Fernando, Brazilian footballer
 * 1987  – Jax Jones, English DJ, singer and songwriter
 * 1987  – Eran Zahavi, Israeli footballer
 * 1988 – Sarah Geronimo, Filipino singer and actress
 * 1988  – John Goossens, Dutch footballer
 * 1988  – Tom Hiariej, Dutch footballer
 * 1988  – Stacey Kemp, English skater
 * 1988  – Paulinho, Brazilian footballer
 * 1988  – Anthony Stokes, Irish footballer
 * 1989 – Natalia Vieru, Russian basketball player
 * 1990 – Thodoris Karapetsas, Greek footballer
 * 1991 – Toni Duggan, English footballer
 * 1991  – Hasan Piker, American Twitch streamer
 * 1992 – Sergei Simonov, Russian ice hockey player (d. 2016)
 * 1994 – Natalija Stevanović, Serbian tennis player
 * 1995 – Alvin Kamara, American football player
 * 1995  – Maria Sakkari, Greek tennis player
 * 1997 – Nat Butcher, Australian rugby league player
 * 2000 – Meg Donnelly, American actress
 * 2001 – Bryce Young, American football player

Pre-1600

 * 306 – Constantius Chlorus, Roman emperor (b. 250)
 * 885 – Ragenold, margrave of Neustria
 * 1011 – Ichijō, emperor of Japan (b. 980)
 * 1190 – Sibylla, queen of Jerusalem
 * 1195 – Herrad of Landsberg, abbess, author, and illustrator (b. c. 1130)
 * 1409 – Martin I, king of Sicily (b. 1376)
 * 1471 – Thomas à Kempis, German priest and mystic
 * 1472 – Charles of Artois, French nobleman (b. 1394)
 * 1492 – Innocent VIII, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1432)
 * 1564 – Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1503)
 * 1572 – Isaac Luria, Ottoman rabbi and mystic (b. 1534)

1601–1900

 * 1608 – Pomponio Nenna, Italian composer (b. 1556)
 * 1616 – Andreas Libavius, German physician and chemist (b. 1550)
 * 1643 – Robert Pierrepont, 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull, English general and politician (b. 1584)
 * 1681 – Urian Oakes, English-American minister and educator (b. 1631)
 * 1790 – Johann Bernhard Basedow, German educator and reformer (b. 1723)
 * 1790  – William Livingston, American soldier and politician, 1st Governor of New Jersey (b. 1723)
 * 1791 – Isaac Low, American merchant and politician (b. 1735)
 * 1794 – André Chénier, Greek-French poet and author (b. 1762)
 * 1794  – Jean-Antoine Roucher, French poet and author (b. 1745)
 * 1794  – Friedrich von der Trenck, Prussian adventurer and author (b. 1726)
 * 1826 – Kondraty Ryleyev, Russian poet and publisher (b. 1795)
 * 1831 – Maria Szymanowska, Polish composer and pianist (b. 1789)
 * 1834 – Samuel Taylor Coleridge, English philosopher, poet, and critic (b. 1772)
 * 1842 – Dominique Jean Larrey, French physician and surgeon (b. 1766)
 * 1843 – Charles Macintosh, Scottish chemist and inventor of waterproof fabric (b. 1766)
 * 1861 – Jonas Furrer, Swiss lawyer and politician, President of the Swiss Confederation (b. 1805)
 * 1865 – James Barry, English soldier and surgeon (b. 1799)
 * 1887 – John Taylor, American religious leader, 3rd President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1808)

1901–present

 * 1934 – François Coty, French businessman, founded Coty (b. 1874)
 * 1934  – Engelbert Dollfuss, Austrian politician, 14th Chancellor of Austria (b. 1892)
 * 1934  – Nestor Makhno, Ukrainian anarchist revolutionary (b. 1888)
 * 1942 – Fred Englehardt, American triple jumper (b. 1879)
 * 1947 – Kathleen Scott, English sculptor (b. 1878)
 * 1952 – Herbert Murrill, English organist and composer (b. 1909)
 * 1958 – Otto Lasanen, Finnish wrestler (b. 1891)
 * 1959 – Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog, Polish-born Irish rabbi and author (b. 1888)
 * 1962 – Thibaudeau Rinfret, Canadian lawyer and jurist, 9th Chief Justice of Canada (b. 1879)
 * 1963 – Ugo Cerletti, Italian neurologist and academic (b. 1877)
 * 1966 – Frank O'Hara, American poet and critic (b. 1926)
 * 1967 – Konstantinos Parthenis, Egyptian-Greek painter (b. 1878)
 * 1971 – John Meyers, American swimmer and water polo player (b. 1880)
 * 1971  – Leroy Robertson, American composer and educator (b. 1896)
 * 1973 – Amy Jacques Garvey, Jamaican-American journalist and activist (b. 1895)
 * 1973  – Louis St. Laurent, Canadian lawyer and politician, 12th Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1882)
 * 1977 – Shivrampant Damle, Indian educationist (b. 1900)
 * 1980 – Vladimir Vysotsky, Russian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (b. 1938)
 * 1981 – Rosa A. González, Puerto Rican nurse, author, feminist, and activist (b. 1889)
 * 1982 – Hal Foster, Canadian-American author and illustrator (b. 1892)
 * 1984 – Bryan Hextall, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1913)
 * 1984  – Big Mama Thornton, American singer-songwriter (b. 1926)
 * 1986 – Vincente Minnelli, American director and screenwriter (b. 1903)
 * 1988 – Judith Barsi, American child actress (b. 1978)
 * 1989 – Steve Rubell, American businessman, co-owner of Studio 54 (b. 1943)
 * 1991 – Lazar Kaganovich, Soviet politician (b. 1893)
 * 1992 – Alfred Drake, American actor and singer (b. 1914)
 * 1995 – Charlie Rich, American singer-songwriter (b. 1932)
 * 1997 – Ben Hogan, American golfer (b. 1912)
 * 1998 – Evangelos Papastratos, Greek businessman, co-founded Papastratos (b. 1910)
 * 2000 – Rudi Faßnacht, German footballer, coach, and manager (b. 1934)
 * 2002 – Abdel Rahman Badawi, Egyptian philosopher and poet (b. 1917)
 * 2003 – Ludwig Bölkow, German engineer (b. 1912)
 * 2003  – John Schlesinger, English actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1926)
 * 2004 – John Passmore, Australian philosopher and academic (b. 1914)
 * 2005 – Albert Mangelsdorff, German trombonist (b. 1928)
 * 2006 – Ezra Fleischer, Romanian-Israeli poet and philologist (b. 1928)
 * 2007 – Bernd Jakubowski, German footballer and manager (b. 1952)
 * 2008 – Jeff Fehring, Australian footballer (b. 1955)
 * 2008  – Tracy Hall, American chemist and academic (b. 1919)
 * 2008  – Randy Pausch, American computer scientist and educator (b. 1960)
 * 2009 – Vernon Forrest, American boxer (b. 1971)
 * 2009  – Stanley Middleton, English author (b. 1919)
 * 2009  – Harry Patch, English soldier (b. 1898)
 * 2009  – Yasmin Ahmad, Malaysian film director (b. 1958)
 * 2011 – Michael Cacoyannis, Cypriot-Greek director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1922)
 * 2012 – B. R. Ishara, Indian director and screenwriter (b. 1934)
 * 2012  – Barry Langford, English director and producer (b. 1926)
 * 2012  – Greg Mohns, American-Canadian football player and coach (b. 1950)
 * 2012  – Franz West, Austrian painter and sculptor (b. 1947)
 * 2013 – Walter De Maria, American sculptor, illustrator, and composer (b. 1935)
 * 2013  – William J. Guste, American lawyer and politician (b. 1922)
 * 2013  – Hugh Huxley, English-American biologist and academic (b. 1924)
 * 2014 – Bel Kaufman, German-American author and academic (b. 1911)
 * 2014  – Richard Larter, Australian painter and illustrator (b. 1929)
 * 2015 – Jacques Andreani, French diplomat, French ambassador to the United States (b. 1929)
 * 2015  – R. S. Gavai, Indian lawyer and politician, 18th Governor of Kerala (b. 1929)
 * 2015  – Bob Kauffman, American basketball player and coach (b. 1946)
 * 2016 – Tim LaHaye, American Christian minister and author (b. 1926)
 * 2016  – Tom Peterson, American television personality (b. 1930)
 * 2017 – Michael Johnson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1944)
 * 2018 – Sergio Marchionne, Italian-Canadian businessman (b. 1952)
 * 2019 – Beji Caid Essebsi, 4th President and 9th Prime Minister of Tunisia (b. 1926)
 * 2020 – Peter Green, English blues rock guitarist, singer-songwriter and founder of Fleetwood Mac (b. 1946)
 * 2020  – Lou Henson, American college basketball coach (b. 1932)
 * 2022 – Paul Sorvino, American actor (b. 1939)

Holidays and observances

 * Christian feast day:
 * Anne (Eastern Christianity)
 * Christopher (Western Christianity)
 * Cucuphas
 * Glodesind
 * James the Great (Western Christianity)
 * John I Agnus
 * Julian of Le Mans (translation)
 * Magnerich of Trier
 * July 25 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
 * Earliest day on which Father's Day can fall, while July 31 is the latest; celebrated on last Sunday in July. (Dominican Republic)
 * Earliest day on which National Tree Planting Day can fall, while July 31 is the latest; celebrated on last Sunday in July. (Australia)
 * Earliest day on which Navy Day can fall, while July 31 is the latest; celebrated on last Sunday in July. (Russia)
 * Guanacaste Day (Costa Rica)
 * National Baha'i Day (Jamaica)
 * National Day of Galicia (Galicia, Spain)
 * Puerto Rico Constitution Day (Puerto Rico)
 * Republic Day (Tunisia)
 * International Afro-descendant Women's Day

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: July 25


text:
June 10

Pre-1600

 * 671 – Emperor Tenji of Japan introduces a water clock (clepsydra) called Rokoku. The instrument, which measures time and indicates hours, is placed in the capital of Ōtsu.
 * 1190 – Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowns in the river Saleph while leading an army to Jerusalem.
 * 1225 – Pope Honorius III issues the bull Vineae Domini custodes in which he approves the mission of Dominican friars to Morocco.
 * 1329 – The Battle of Pelekanon is the last attempt of the Byzantine Empire to retain its cities in Asia Minor.
 * 1358 – Battle of Mello: The peasant forces of the Jacquerie are crushed by the army of the French nobility.
 * 1523 – Copenhagen is surrounded by the army of Frederick I of Denmark, as the city will not recognise him as the successor of Christian II of Denmark.
 * 1539 – Council of Trent: Pope Paul III sends out letters to his bishops, delaying the Council due to war and the difficulty bishops had traveling to Venice.
 * 1596 – Willem Barents and Jacob van Heemskerk discover Bear Island.

1601–1900

 * 1619 – Thirty Years' War: Battle of Záblatí, a turning point in the Bohemian Revolt.
 * 1624 – Signing of the Treaty of Compiègne between France and the Netherlands.
 * 1692 – Salem witch trials: Bridget Bishop is hanged at Gallows Hill near Salem, Massachusetts, for "certaine Detestable Arts called Witchcraft and Sorceries".
 * 1719 – Jacobite risings: Battle of Glen Shiel.
 * 1782 – King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I) of Siam (modern day Thailand) is crowned.
 * 1786 – A landslide dam on the Dadu River created by an earthquake ten days earlier collapses, killing 100,000 in the Sichuan province of China.
 * 1793 – The Jardin des Plantes museum opens in Paris. A year later, it becomes the first public zoo.
 * 1793  – French Revolution: Following the arrests of Girondin leaders, the Jacobins gain control of the Committee of Public Safety installing the revolutionary dictatorship.
 * 1805 – First Barbary War: Yusuf Karamanli signs a treaty ending the hostilities between Tripolitania and the United States.
 * 1829 – The first Boat Race between the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge takes place on the Thames in London.
 * 1838 – Myall Creek massacre: Twenty-eight Aboriginal Australians are murdered.
 * 1854 – The United States Naval Academy graduates its first class of students.
 * 1861 – American Civil War: Battle of Big Bethel: Confederate troops under John B. Magruder defeat a much larger Union force led by General Ebenezer W. Pierce in Virginia.
 * 1863 – During the French intervention in Mexico, Mexico City is captured by French troops.
 * 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Brice's Crossroads: Confederate troops under Nathan Bedford Forrest defeat a much larger Union force led by General Samuel D. Sturgis in Mississippi.
 * 1868 – Mihailo Obrenović III, Prince of Serbia is assassinated.
 * 1871 – Sinmiyangyo: Captain McLane Tilton leads 109 US Marines in a naval attack on Han River forts on Kanghwa Island, Korea.
 * 1878 – League of Prizren is established, to oppose the decisions of the Congress of Berlin and the Treaty of San Stefano, as a consequence of which the Albanian lands in the Balkans were being partitioned and given to the neighbor states of Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria, and Greece.
 * 1886 – Mount Tarawera in New Zealand erupts, killing 153 people and burying the famous Pink and White Terraces. Eruptions continue for three months creating a large, 17 km long fissure across the mountain peak.
 * 1898 – Spanish–American War: In the Battle of Guantánamo Bay, U.S. Marines begin the American invasion of Spanish-held Cuba.

1901–present

 * 1916 – The Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire was declared by Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca.
 * 1918 – The Austro-Hungarian battleship SMS Szent István sinks off the Croatian coast after being torpedoed by an Italian MAS motorboat; the event is recorded by camera from a nearby vessel.
 * 1924 – Fascists kidnap and kill Italian Socialist leader Giacomo Matteotti in Rome.
 * 1935 – Dr. Robert Smith takes his last drink, and Alcoholics Anonymous is founded in Akron, Ohio, United States, by him and Bill Wilson.
 * 1935  – Chaco War ends: A truce is called between Bolivia and Paraguay who had been fighting since 1932.
 * 1940 – World War II: Fascist Italy declares war on France and the United Kingdom, beginning an invasion of southern France.
 * 1940  – World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt denounces Italy's actions in his "Stab in the Back" speech at the graduation ceremonies of the University of Virginia.
 * 1940  – World War II: Military resistance to the German occupation of Norway ends.
 * 1942 – World War II: The Lidice massacre is perpetrated as a reprisal for the assassination of Obergruppenführer Reinhard Heydrich.
 * 1944 – World War II: Six hundred forty-three men, women and children massacred at Oradour-sur-Glane, France.
 * 1944  – World War II: In Distomo, Boeotia, Greece, 228 men, women and children are massacred by German troops.
 * 1944  – In baseball, 15-year-old Joe Nuxhall of the Cincinnati Reds becomes the youngest player ever in a major-league game.
 * 1945 – Australian Imperial Forces land in Brunei Bay to liberate Brunei.
 * 1947 – Saab produces its first automobile.
 * 1957 – John Diefenbaker leads the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada to a stunning upset in the 1957 Canadian federal election, ending 22 years of Liberal Party government.
 * 1960 – Trans Australia Airlines Flight 538 crashes near Mackay Airport in Mackay, Queensland, Australia, killing 29.
 * 1963 – The Equal Pay Act of 1963, aimed at abolishing wage disparity based on sex, was signed into law by John F. Kennedy as part of his New Frontier Program.
 * 1964 – United States Senate breaks a 75-day filibuster against the Civil Rights Act of 1964, leading to the bill's passage.
 * 1967 – The Six-Day War ends: Israel and Syria agree to a cease-fire.
 * 1977 – James Earl Ray escapes from Brushy Mountain State Penitentiary in Petros, Tennessee. He is recaptured three days later.
 * 1980 – The African National Congress in South Africa publishes a call to fight from their imprisoned leader Nelson Mandela.
 * 1982 – Lebanon War: The Syrian Arab Army defeats the Israeli Defense Forces in the Battle of Sultan Yacoub.
 * 1987 – June Democratic Struggle: The June Democratic Struggle starts in South Korea, and people protest against the government.
 * 1990 – British Airways Flight 5390 lands safely at Southampton Airport after a blowout in the cockpit causes the captain to be partially sucked from the cockpit. There are no fatalities.
 * 1991 – Eleven-year-old Jaycee Lee Dugard is kidnapped in South Lake Tahoe, California; she would remain a captive until 2009.
 * 1994 – China conducts a nuclear test for DF-31 warhead at Area C (Beishan), Lop Nur, its prominence being due to the Cox Report.
 * 1996 – Peace talks begin in Northern Ireland without the participation of Sinn Féin.
 * 1997 – Before fleeing his northern stronghold, Khmer Rouge leader Pol Pot orders the killing of his defense chief Son Sen and 11 of Sen's family members.
 * 1999 – Kosovo War: NATO suspends its airstrikes after Slobodan Milošević agrees to withdraw Serbian forces from Kosovo.
 * 2001 – Pope John Paul II canonizes Lebanon's first female saint, Saint Rafqa.
 * 2002 – The first direct electronic communication experiment between the nervous systems of two humans is carried out by Kevin Warwick in the United Kingdom.
 * 2003 – The Spirit rover is launched, beginning NASA's Mars Exploration Rover mission.
 * 2008 – Sudan Airways Flight 109 crashes at Khartoum International Airport, killing 30 people.
 * 2009 – Eighty-eight year-old James Wenneker von Brunn opens fire inside the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum and fatally shoots Museum Special Police Officer Stephen Tyrone Johns. Other security guards returned fire, wounding von Brunn, who was apprehended.
 * 2018 – Opportunity rover, sends it last message back to earth. The mission was finally declared over on February 13, 2019.
 * 2019 – An Agusta A109E Power crashes onto the AXA Equitable Center on Seventh Avenue in Manhattan, New York City, sparking a fire on the top of the building. The pilot of the helicopter is killed.
 * 2024 – A plane crash in Malawi leaves 10 people dead, including the country's Vice President Saulos Chilima.

Pre-1600

 * 867 – Emperor Uda of Japan (d. 931)
 * 940 – Abu al-Wafa' Buzjani, Persian mathematician and astronomer (d. 998)
 * 1213 – Fakhr-al-Din Iraqi, Persian poet and philosopher (d. 1289)
 * 1465 – Mercurino Gattinara, Italian statesman and jurist (d. 1530)
 * 1513 – Louis, Duke of Montpensier (1561–1582) (d. 1582)
 * 1557 – Leandro Bassano, Italian painter (d. 1622)

1601–1900

 * 1632 – Esprit Fléchier, French bishop and author (d. 1710)
 * 1688 – James Francis Edward Stuart, claimant to the English and Scottish throne (d. 1766)
 * 1713 – Princess Caroline of Great Britain (d. 1757)
 * 1716 – Carl Gustaf Ekeberg, Swedish physician and explorer (d. 1784)
 * 1753 – William Eustis, American physician and politician, 12th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1825)
 * 1804 – Hermann Schlegel, German ornithologist and herpetologist (d. 1884)
 * 1819 – Gustave Courbet, French-Swiss painter and sculptor (d. 1877)
 * 1825 – Sondre Norheim, Norwegian-American skier (d. 1897)
 * 1832 – Edwin Arnold, English poet and journalist (d. 1904)
 * 1832  – Nicolaus Otto, German engineer (d. 1891)
 * 1832 – Stephen Mosher Wood, American lieutenant and politician (d. 1920)
 * 1835 – Rebecca Latimer Felton, American educator and politician (d. 1930)
 * 1839 – Ludvig Holstein-Ledreborg, Danish lawyer and politician, 19th Prime Minister of Denmark (d. 1912)
 * 1840 – Theodor Philipsen, Danish painter (d. 1920)
 * 1843 – Heinrich von Herzogenberg, Austrian composer and conductor (d. 1900)
 * 1851 – Cora Agnes Benneson, American attorney (d. 1919)
 * 1854 – Sarah Grand, Irish feminist writer (d. 1943)
 * 1859 – Emanuel Nobel, Swedish-Russian businessman (d. 1932)
 * 1862 – Mrs. Leslie Carter, American actress (d. 1937)
 * 1863 – Louis Couperus, Dutch author and poet (d. 1923)
 * 1864 – Ninian Comper, Scottish architect (d. 1960)
 * 1865 – Frederick Cook, American physician and explorer (d. 1940)
 * 1878 – Margarito Bautista, Nahua-Mexican evangelizer, theologian, and religious founder (d. 1961)
 * 1880 – André Derain, French painter and sculptor (d. 1954)
 * 1882 – Nils Økland, Norwegian Esperantist and teacher (d. 1969)
 * 1884 – Leone Sextus Tollemache, English captain (d. 1917)
 * 1886 – Sessue Hayakawa, Japanese actor and producer (d. 1973)
 * 1891 – Al Dubin, Swiss-American songwriter (d. 1945)
 * 1893 – Hattie McDaniel, American actress (d. 1952)
 * 1897 – Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia (d. 1918)
 * 1898 – Princess Marie-Auguste of Anhalt (d. 1983)
 * 1899 – Stanisław Czaykowski, Polish racing driver (d. 1933)

1901–present

 * 1901 – Frederick Loewe, Austrian-American composer (d. 1988)
 * 1904 – Lin Huiyin, Chinese architect and poet (d. 1955)
 * 1907 – Fairfield Porter, American painter and critic (d. 1975)
 * 1907  – Dicky Wells, American jazz trombonist (d. 1985)
 * 1909 – Lang Hancock, Australian soldier and businessman (d. 1992)
 * 1910 – Frank Demaree, American baseball player and manager (d. 1958)
 * 1910  – Howlin' Wolf, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1976)
 * 1911 – Ralph Kirkpatrick, American harpsichord player and musicologist (d. 1984)
 * 1911  – Terence Rattigan, English playwright and screenwriter (d. 1977)
 * 1912 – Jean Lesage, Canadian lawyer and politician, 11th Premier of Quebec (d. 1980)
 * 1913 – Tikhon Khrennikov, Russian pianist and composer (d. 2007)
 * 1913  – Benjamin Shapira, German-Israeli biochemist and academic (d. 1993)
 * 1914 – Oktay Rıfat Horozcu, Turkish poet and playwright (d. 1988)
 * 1915 – Saul Bellow, Canadian-American novelist, essayist and short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005)
 * 1916 – Peride Celal, Turkish author (d. 2013)
 * 1916  – William Rosenberg, American entrepreneur, founded Dunkin' Donuts (d. 2002)
 * 1918 – Patachou, French singer and actress (d. 2015)
 * 1918  – Barry Morse, English-Canadian actor and director (d. 2008)
 * 1919 – Haidar Abdel-Shafi, Palestinian physician and politician (d. 2007)
 * 1919  – Kevin O'Flanagan, Irish footballer, rugby player, and physician (d. 2006)
 * 1921 – Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (d. 2021)
 * 1921  – Jean Robic, French cyclist (d. 1980)
 * 1922 – Judy Garland, American actress and singer (d. 1969)
 * 1922  – Bill Kerr, South African-Australian actor (d. 2014)
 * 1922  – Mitchell Wallace, Australian rugby league player (d. 2016)
 * 1923 – Paul Brunelle, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1994)
 * 1923  – Robert Maxwell, Czech-English captain, publisher, and politician (d. 1991)
 * 1924 – Friedrich L. Bauer, German mathematician, computer scientist, and academic (d. 2015)
 * 1925 – Leo Gravelle, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2013)
 * 1925  – Nat Hentoff, American historian, author, and journalist (d. 2017)
 * 1925  – James Salter, American novelist and short-story writer (d. 2015)
 * 1926 – Bruno Bartoletti, Italian conductor (d. 2013)
 * 1926  – Lionel Jeffries, English actor, screenwriter and film director (d. 2010)
 * 1927 – Claudio Gilberto Froehlich, Brazilian zoologist (d. 2023)
 * 1927  – László Kubala, Hungarian footballer, coach, and manager (d. 2002)
 * 1927  – Lin Yang-kang, Chinese politician, 29th Vice Premier of the Republic of China (d. 2013)
 * 1927  – Johnny Orr, American basketball player and coach (d. 2013)
 * 1927  – Eugene Parker, American astrophysicist and academic (d. 2022)
 * 1928 – Maurice Sendak, American author and illustrator (d. 2012)
 * 1929 – James McDivitt, American general, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2022)
 * 1929  – Ian Sinclair, Australian farmer and politician, 42nd Australian Minister for Defence
 * 1929  – Thomas Taylor, Baron Taylor of Blackburn, British Labour Party politician (d. 2016)
 * 1929  – E. O. Wilson, American biologist, author, and academic (d. 2021)
 * 1930 – Aranka Siegal, Czech-American author and Holocaust survivor
 * 1930  – Carmen Cozza, American baseball and football player (d. 2018)
 * 1930  – Chen Xitong, Chinese politician, 8th Mayor of Beijing (d. 2013)
 * 1931 – Bryan Cartledge, English academic and diplomat, British Ambassador to Russia
 * 1931  – João Gilberto, Brazilian singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2019)
 * 1932 – Pierre Cartier, French mathematician and academic
 * 1933 – Chuck Fairbanks, American football player and coach (d. 2013)
 * 1934 – Peter Gibson, English lawyer and judge
 * 1934  – Tom Pendry, Baron Pendry, English politician (d. 2023)
 * 1935 – Vic Elford, English racing driver (d. 2022)
 * 1935  – Lu Jiaxi, Chinese self-taught mathematician (d. 1983)
 * 1935  – Yoshihiro Tatsumi, Japanese author and illustrator (d. 2015)
 * 1938 – Rahul Bajaj, Indian businessman and politician (d. 2022)
 * 1938  – Violetta Villas, Belgian-Polish singer-songwriter and actress (d. 2011)
 * 1938  – Vasanti N. Bhat-Nayak, Indian mathematician and academic (d. 2009)
 * 1940 – Augie Auer, American-New Zealand meteorologist (d. 2007)
 * 1940  – John Stevens, English drummer (d. 1994)
 * 1941 – Mickey Jones, American drummer (d. 2018)
 * 1941  – Shirley Owens, American singer
 * 1941  – Jürgen Prochnow, German actor
 * 1941  – David Walker, Australian racing driver
 * 1942 – Gordon Burns, Northern Irish journalist
 * 1942  – Chantal Goya, French singer and actress
 * 1942  – Arthur Hamilton, Lord Hamilton, Scottish lawyer and judge
 * 1942  – Preston Manning, Canadian politician
 * 1943 – Simon Jenkins, English journalist and author
 * 1944 – Ze'ev Friedman, Polish-Israeli weightlifter (d. 1972)
 * 1944  – Rick Price, English rock bass player (d. 2022)
 * 1947 – Michel Bastarache, Canadian businessman, lawyer, and jurist
 * 1947  – Ken Singleton, American baseball player and sportscaster
 * 1947  – Robert Wright, English air marshal
 * 1950 – Elías Sosa, Dominican-American baseball player
 * 1951 – Dan Fouts, American football player and sportscaster
 * 1951  – Tony Mundine, Australian boxer
 * 1951  – Burglinde Pollak, German pentathlete
 * 1952 – Kage Baker, American author (d. 2010)
 * 1953 – Eileen Cooper, English painter and academic
 * 1953  – John Edwards, American lawyer and politician
 * 1953  – Garry Hynes, Irish director and producer
 * 1953  – Don Maitz, American artist
 * 1953  – Christine St-Pierre, Canadian journalist and politician
 * 1954 – Moya Greene, Canadian businesswoman
 * 1954  – Rich Hall, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
 * 1955 – Annette Schavan, German theologian and politician
 * 1955  – Andrew Stevens, American actor and producer
 * 1957 – Nicola Palazzo, Italian writer
 * 1958 – Elain Harwood, English architectural historian (d. 2023)
 * 1958  – Yu Suzuki, Japanese game designer and producer
 * 1959 – Carlo Ancelotti, Italian footballer and manager
 * 1959  – Ernie C, American heavy metal guitarist, songwriter, and producer
 * 1959  – Eliot Spitzer, American lawyer and politician, 54th Governor of New York
 * 1960 – Nandamuri Balakrishna, Indian film actor and politician
 * 1961 – Kim Deal, American singer-songwriter and musician
 * 1961  – Maxi Priest, English singer-songwriter
 * 1962 – Gina Gershon, American actress, singer and author
 * 1962  – Anderson Bigode Herzer, Brazilian poet and author (d. 1982)
 * 1962  – Wong Ka Kui, Hong Kong singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1993)
 * 1962  – Tzi Ma, Hong Kong American character actor
 * 1962  – Brent Sutter, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
 * 1963 – Brad Henry, American lawyer and politician, 26th Governor of Oklahoma
 * 1963  – Jeanne Tripplehorn, American actress
 * 1965 – Susanne Albers, German computer scientist and academic
 * 1965  – Elizabeth Hurley, English model, actress, and producer
 * 1965  – Joey Santiago, American alternative rock musician
 * 1966 – David Platt, English footballer and manager
 * 1967 – Emma Anderson, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
 * 1967  – Darren Robinson, American rapper (d. 1995)
 * 1967  – Elizabeth Wettlaufer, Canadian nurse and serial killer
 * 1968 – Bill Burr, American comedian and actor
 * 1968  – Derek Dooley, American football player and coach
 * 1969 – Craig Hancock, Australian rugby league player
 * 1969  – Ronny Johnsen, Norwegian footballer
 * 1969  – Kate Snow, American journalist
 * 1970 – Mike Doughty, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
 * 1970  – Katsuhiro Harada, Japanese game designer, director, and producer
 * 1970  – Alex Santos, Filipino journalist
 * 1970  – Shane Whereat, Australian rugby league player
 * 1970  – Sarah Wixey, Welsh sport shooter
 * 1971 – JoJo Hailey, American singer
 * 1971  – Bobby Jindal, American journalist and politician, 55th Governor of Louisiana
 * 1971  – Bruno Ngotty, French footballer
 * 1971  – Erik Rutan, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
 * 1971  – Kyle Sandilands, Australian radio and television host
 * 1972 – Steven Fischer, American director and producer
 * 1972  – Radmila Šekerinska, Macedonian politician, Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia
 * 1972  – Sundar Pichai, Indian-American businessman
 * 1972  – Eric Upashantha, Sri Lankan cricketer
 * 1973 – Faith Evans, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
 * 1973  – Flesh-n-Bone, American rapper and actor
 * 1973  – Pokey Reese, American baseball player
 * 1974 – Dustin Lance Black, American screenwriter, director, film and television producer, and LGBT rights activist
 * 1975 – Henrik Pedersen, Danish footballer
 * 1976 – Alari Lell, Estonian footballer
 * 1976  – Esther Ouwehand, Dutch politician
 * 1976  – Hadi Saei, Iranian martial artist
 * 1977 – Adam Darski (Nergal), Polish singer-songwriter and guitarist
 * 1977  – Mike Rosenthal, American football player and coach
 * 1978 – Raheem Brock, American football player
 * 1978  – Subhash Khot, Indian-American mathematician and computer scientist
 * 1979 – Evgeni Borounov, Russian ice dancer and coach
 * 1979  – Kostas Louboutis, Greek footballer
 * 1980 – Jessica DiCicco, American actress and voice actress
 * 1980  – Matuzalém, Brazilian footballer
 * 1980  – Ovie Mughelli, American football player
 * 1980  – Dmitri Uchaykin, Russian ice hockey player (d. 2013)
 * 1980  – Daniele Seccarecci, Italian bodybuilder (d. 2013)
 * 1981 – Mat Jackson, English racing driver
 * 1981  – Albie Morkel, South African cricketer
 * 1981  – Andrey Yepishin, Russian sprinter
 * 1982 – Tara Lipinski, American figure skater
 * 1982  – Princess Madeleine, Duchess of Hälsingland and Gästrikland
 * 1982  – Ana Lúcia Souza, Brazilian ballerina and journalist
 * 1983 – Jade Bailey, Barbadian athlete
 * 1983  – Marion Barber III, American football player (d. 2022)
 * 1983  – Aaron Davey, Australian footballer
 * 1983  – Leelee Sobieski, American actress and producer
 * 1983  – Steve von Bergen, Swiss footballer
 * 1984 – Johanna Kedzierski, German sprinter
 * 1984  – Dirk Van Tichelt, Belgian martial artist
 * 1985 – Richard Chambers, Irish rower
 * 1985  – Celina Jade, Hong Kong-American actress
 * 1985  – Kaia Kanepi, Estonian tennis player
 * 1985  – Dane Nielsen, Australian rugby league player
 * 1985  – Andy Schleck, Luxembourger cyclist
 * 1985  – Vasilis Torosidis, Greek footballer
 * 1986 – Al Alburquerque, Dominican baseball player
 * 1986  – Marco Andreolli, Italian footballer
 * 1987 – Martin Harnik, German-Austrian footballer
 * 1987  – Amobi Okoye, Nigerian-American football player
 * 1988 – Jeff Teague, American basketball player
 * 1989 – David Miller, South African cricketer
 * 1989  – Mustapha Carayol, Gambian footballer
 * 1989  – Alexandra Stan, Romanian singer-songwriter, dancer, and model
 * 1991 – Alexa Scimeca Knierim, American figure skater
 * 1992 – Kate Upton, American model and actress
 * 1996 – Wen Junhui, Chinese singer
 * 1997 – Cheung Ka-long, Hong Kong foil fencer, 2020 Olympic champion
 * 1998 – Ryan Papenhuyzen, Australian rugby league player
 * 1999 – Rafael Leão, Portuguese footballer
 * 1999 – Blanche, Belgian singer

Pre-1600

 * AD 38 – Julia Drusilla, Roman sister of Caligula (b. 16 AD)
 * 223 – Liu Bei, Chinese emperor (b. 161)
 * 779 – Emperor Daizong of Tang (b. 727)
 * 754 – Abul Abbas al-Saffah, Muslim caliph (b. 721)
 * 871 – Odo I, Frankish nobleman
 * 903 – Cheng Rui, Chinese warlord
 * 932 – Dong Zhang, Chinese general
 * 942 – Liu Yan, emperor of Southern Han (b. 889)
 * 1075 – Ernest, Margrave of Austria (b. 1027)
 * 1141 – Richenza of Northeim (b. 1087)
 * 1190 – Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1122)
 * 1261 – Matilda of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg (b. 1210)
 * 1338 – Kitabatake Akiie, Japanese governor (b. 1318)
 * 1364 – Agnes of Austria (b. 1281)
 * 1424 – Ernest, Duke of Austria (b. 1377)
 * 1437 – Joan of Navarre, Queen of England (b. 1370)
 * 1468 – Idris Imad al-Din, supreme leader of Tayyibi Isma'ilism, scholar and historian (b. 1392)
 * 1552 – Alexander Barclay, English poet and author (b. 1476)
 * 1556 – Martin Agricola, German composer and theorist (b. 1486)
 * 1580 – Luís de Camões, Portuguese poet (b. 1524–25)

1601–1900

 * 1604 – Isabella Andreini, Italian actress (b. 1562)
 * 1607 – John Popham, English politician, Attorney General for England and Wales (b. 1531)
 * 1654 – Alessandro Algardi, Italian sculptor (b. 1598)
 * 1680 – Johan Göransson Gyllenstierna, Swedish lawyer and politician (b. 1635)
 * 1692 – Bridget Bishop, Colonial Massachusetts woman hanged as a witch during the Salem witch trials (b. 1632)
 * 1735 – Thomas Hearne, English historian and author (b. 1678)
 * 1753 – Joachim Ludwig Schultheiss von Unfriedt, German architect (b. 1678)
 * 1776 – Hsinbyushin, Burmese king (b. 1736)
 * 1776  – Leopold Widhalm, Austrian instrument maker (b. 1722)
 * 1791 – Toussaint-Guillaume Picquet de la Motte, French admiral (b. 1720)
 * 1811 – Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden (b. 1728)
 * 1831 – Hans Karl von Diebitsch, German-Russian field marshal (b. 1785)
 * 1836 – André-Marie Ampère, French physicist and mathematician (b. 1775)
 * 1849 – Thomas Robert Bugeaud, French general and politician (b. 1784)
 * 1849  – Robert Brown, Scottish botanist (b. 1773)
 * 1868 – Mihailo Obrenović III, Prince of Serbia (b. 1823)
 * 1899 – Ernest Chausson, French composer (b. 1855)

1901–present

 * 1901 – Robert Williams Buchanan, Scottish poet, author, and playwright (b. 1841)
 * 1902 – Jacint Verdaguer, Catalan priest and poet (b. 1845)
 * 1906 – Richard Seddon, English-New Zealand politician, 15th Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1845)
 * 1909 – Edward Everett Hale, American minister, historian, and author (b. 1822)
 * 1914 – Ödön Lechner, Hungarian architect (b. 1845)
 * 1918 – Arrigo Boito, Italian author, poet, and composer (b. 1842)
 * 1923 – Pierre Loti, French soldier and author (b. 1850)
 * 1924 – Giacomo Matteotti, Italian lawyer and politician (b. 1885)
 * 1926 – Antoni Gaudí, Spanish architect, designed the Park Güell (b. 1852)
 * 1930 – Adolf von Harnack, German historian and theologian (b. 1851)
 * 1934 – Frederick Delius, English composer and educator (b. 1862)
 * 1936 – John Bowser, English-Australian politician, 26th Premier of Victoria (b. 1856)
 * 1937 – Robert Borden, Canadian lawyer and politician, 8th Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1854)
 * 1939 – Albert Ogilvie, Australian politician, 28th Premier of Tasmania (b. 1890)
 * 1940 – Marcus Garvey, Jamaican journalist and activist, founded the Black Star Line (b. 1887)
 * 1944 – Willem Jacob van Stockum, Dutch mathematician and academic (b. 1910)
 * 1946 – Jack Johnson, American boxer (b. 1878)
 * 1947 – Alexander Bethune, Canadian businessman and politician, 12th Mayor of Vancouver (b. 1852)
 * 1949 – Sigrid Undset, Danish-Norwegian novelist, essayist, and translator, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1882)
 * 1955 – Margaret Abbott, Indian-American golfer (b. 1876)
 * 1958 – Angelina Weld Grimké, American journalist, poet, and playwright (b. 1880)
 * 1959 – Zoltán Meskó, Hungarian politician (b. 1883)
 * 1963 – Timothy Birdsall, English cartoonist (b. 1936)
 * 1965 – Vahap Özaltay, Turkish footballer and manager (b. 1908)
 * 1967 – Spencer Tracy, American actor (b. 1900)
 * 1971 – Michael Rennie, English actor (b. 1909)
 * 1973 – William Inge, American playwright and novelist (b. 1913)
 * 1974 – Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester (b. 1900)
 * 1976 – Adolph Zukor, American film producer, co-founded Paramount Pictures (b. 1873)
 * 1982 – Rainer Werner Fassbinder, German actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1945)
 * 1984 – Halide Nusret Zorlutuna, Turkish author and poet (b. 1901)
 * 1986 – Merle Miller, American author and playwright (b. 1919)
 * 1987 – Elizabeth Hartman, American actress (b. 1943)
 * 1988 – Louis L'Amour, American novelist and short story writer (b. 1908)
 * 1991 – Jean Bruller, French author and illustrator, co-founded Les Éditions de Minuit (b. 1902)
 * 1992 – Hachidai Nakamura, Chinese-Japanese pianist and composer (b. 1931)
 * 1993 – Les Dawson, English comedian, actor, writer and presenter (b. 1931)
 * 1996 – George Hees, Canadian soldier, football player, and politician (b. 1910)
 * 1996  – Jo Van Fleet, American actress (b. 1915)
 * 1998 – Jim Hearn, American baseball player (b. 1921)
 * 1998  – Hammond Innes, English author (b. 1913)
 * 2000 – Hafez al-Assad, Syrian general and politician, 18th President of Syria (b. 1930)
 * 2000  – Brian Statham, English cricketer (b. 1930)
 * 2001 – Leila Pahlavi, Princess of Iran (b. 1970)
 * 2002 – John Gotti, American mobster (b. 1940)
 * 2003 – Donald Regan, American colonel and politician, 11th White House Chief of Staff (b. 1918)
 * 2003  – Bernard Williams, English philosopher and academic (b. 1929)
 * 2003  – Phil Williams, Welsh academic and politician (b. 1939)
 * 2004 – Ray Charles, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and actor (b. 1930)
 * 2004  – Odette Laure, French actress and singer (b. 1917)
 * 2004  – Xenophon Zolotas, Greek economist and politician, 177th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1904)
 * 2005 – Curtis Pitts, American aircraft designer, designed the Pitts Special (b. 1915)
 * 2007 – Augie Auer, American-New Zealand meteorologist (b. 1940)
 * 2008 – Chinghiz Aitmatov, Kyrgyzstani author and diplomat (b. 1928)
 * 2009 – Stelios Skevofilakas, Greek footballer (b. 1940)
 * 2010 – Basil Schott, American archbishop (b. 1939)
 * 2010  – Sigmar Polke, German painter and photographer (b. 1941)
 * 2011 – Brian Lenihan Jnr, Irish lawyer and politician, 25th Irish Minister for Finance (b. 1959)
 * 2012 – Piero Bellugi, Italian conductor (b. 1924)
 * 2012  – Warner Fusselle, American sportscaster (b. 1944)
 * 2012  – Will Hoebee, Dutch songwriter and producer (b. 1947)
 * 2012  – Georges Mathieu, French painter and academic (b. 1921)
 * 2012  – Joshua Orwa Ojode, Kenyan politician (b. 1958)
 * 2012  – George Saitoti, Kenyan economist and politician, 6th Vice-President of Kenya (b. 1945)
 * 2012  – Sudono Salim, Chinese-Indonesian businessman, founded Bank Central Asia (b. 1916)
 * 2012  – Gordon West, English footballer (b. 1943)
 * 2013 – Doug Bailey, American political consultant (b. 1933)
 * 2013  – Enrique Orizaola, Spanish footballer and coach (b. 1922)
 * 2013  – Barbara Vucanovich, American lawyer and politician (b. 1921)
 * 2014 – Marcello Alencar, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 57th Governor of Rio de Janeiro (b. 1925)
 * 2014  – Gary Gilmour, Australian cricketer and manager (b. 1951)
 * 2014  – Robert M. Grant, American theologian and academic (b. 1917)
 * 2014  – Jack Lee, American radio host and politician (b. 1920)
 * 2015 – Robert Chartoff, American film producer and philanthropist (b. 1933)
 * 2015  – Wolfgang Jeschke, German author and publisher (b. 1936)
 * 2016 – Christina Grimmie, American singer-songwriter (b. 1994)
 * 2016  – Gordie Howe, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1928)
 * 2017 – Julia Perez, Indonesian singer and actress (b. 1980)
 * 2018 – Neal E. Boyd, American singer, winner of the 2008 season of America's Got Talent (b. 1975)
 * 2020 – Claudell Washington, American baseball player (b. 1954)
 * 2023 – Ted Kaczynski, American mathematician and domestic terrorist (b. 1942)
 * 2024 – Victims in the 2024 Chikangawa Dornier 228 crash:
 * Saulos Chilima, Malawian economist and politician (b. 1973)
 * Patricia Shanil Muluzi, Malawian teacher, politician, and former First Lady of Malawi (b. 1964)
 * 2024  – Steele Hall, Australian politician, 36th Premier of South Australia (b. 1928)

Holidays and observances

 * World Art Nouveau Day (Worldwide)
 * Christian feast day:
 * Bardo
 * Getulius, Amancius and Cerealus
 * Guardian Angel of Portugal
 * John of Tobolsk (Russian Orthodox Church)
 * Landry of Paris
 * Maurinus of Cologne
 * Maximus of Aveia (or of Aquila)
 * Maximus of Naples
 * Olivia
 * June 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
 * Portugal Day, also Day of Camões (Portugal and the Portuguese communities)

title: June 10