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Talk:I Ching/Archive 2

Yoni and Lingam are "elementals" now?
What are "yoni" and "lingam" doing in an article about a cornerstone of Chinese culture? Last time I checked, these were Sanskrit words describing a slightly different (and more sexualized) view of divine polarities. For one thing, they're words for generative organs (or at the very least, associated with specific Hindu deities), rather than non-anthropomorphic concepts. Or is the Yijing more sexy and more Hindu than I thought? -- grant 17:39, 23 April 2007 (UTC)

Leibniz fallacy
The whole intent of the "Leibniz fallacy" portion is wrong. First of all, the binary arrangement was developed by the famous Chinese philosopher Shao Yung (c. the 11th century), and he showed it in two formats, a circle and a rectangular block. He was heavily involved in mathematical/numerical analysis, and in particular in I Ching divination using mathematical means. So, his arrangement was NOT just plucked out thin air!

Second, while I have not read the Leibniz source material, even as the text here states, "He takes the layout of the combinatorial excercise found in the hexagrams to represent binary sequences...". Well, in fact, they ARE binary sequences, but this text implies that they are not.

The text goes on to say, "In this respect Leibniz was wrong: the hexagrams do not represent numbers, they are merely the result of the task of combining two discrete elements, and the resulting combinations does not represent any numbers at all, least of all the binary numeral system." Once again, this is WRONG! Mathematics is not something apart from the world; it is intrisic to the world. Combinatorial methods ARE part and parcel of mathematics. The combinatorial process used DOES create a binary sequence, and Shao Yung deserves mention for creating it.

Was Shao the first to create a binary sequence? Probably not, but he clearly did show he understood its origin. Did he understand that those binary values could be used in addition and other mathematical processes? There is no evidence of that, so clearly his understanding was limited.

So, did Shao Yung intend the arrangements to represent actual binary numbers? I seriously doubt it. However, they ARE a valid means of creating (and representing) binary numbers, and thus Leibniz was correct in pointing out that they are a representation of the binary numbers 0 thorugh 63!

Thus, I will amend the entry. -- Taomaster

Reference
For those interested, my primary reference is I Ching, The Classic Chinese Oracle Of Change by Rudolf Ritsema and Stephen Karcher of the Eranos I Ching Project, an astonishingly complete translation with loads of cross-reference material. Published by Element Books, 1-85230-669-6 is the ISBN code. -- Bignose

 * Another reference could be the famous Wilhelm's translation. See some exerpts of his introduction (more details in French version). gbog 16:18, 14 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Some web links

 * A Chinese government site showing some turtle shell oracles and early chinese writings
 * more

 * Don't wait for someone else to do it. Be bold in updating pages.  -- Bignose

 * I didn't plan to add these links to the article itself because I feel that these are not directly related to I Ching. However these articles would be useful resource for you if you plan to write more on the topic of divination.

Own page?
Why is it necessary for each hexagram to have its own page? Are (or can) each of these pages be made into actual encyclopedia articles? Or will they forever only be stub definitions and therefore not encyclopedia articles? --mav

 * Yes, the text of the "book" that is the I Ching comprises the text associated with each hexagram, and the commentaries thereon that have been written. The text is considerably dense, and each hexagram does indeed warrant its own article.  -- Bignose

Talk deleted
OK - Why was the other talk in this page deleted? --mav 21:56 Aug 21, 2002 (PDT)

 * I believe the issues they discussed have been resolved many months ago. -- Bignose

 * Then the correct thing to do is to archive the old talk, not delete it. --mav

 * Is there some reason the normal article histories aren't sufficient archive for old resolved talk text? --LDC

 * Because that talk is non-obvious and becomes lost. I vote for making talk archives easier to make by allowing for subpage functionality for talk pages (would also be nice for user pages too). --mav

 * If there's talk you think is relevant to keep around, you can certainly put it on Talk:I Ching/Archive, or wherever. I have no objection, and you don't need any software features.  Just put links to the archives here and links back there.  I just don't think that's the most common case.  I think generally when there's an argument about what should be on a page, people talk about it and resolve the issue, after which the discussion is just yesterday's news and should generally be deleted.  But if someone wants to keep it around, nothing is stopping them. --LDC

 * That sounds like you're asking for a feature Wikipedia doesn't yet have. I'm not sure what you want the resolution to be in this instance; is there some other form of archival you have in mind?  (It may be best to demonstrate by archiving the deleted discussions in a manner you see fit.)  -- User:Bignose

Copyrighted translations
Having left room for exposition on each hexagram, of course, I'm sad to say that I only have translations of the I Ching, and not the original text itself. Those translations are naturally copyrighted, and the primary source (the Element book cited at the top of this talk page) is very recent and will not pass into public domain for nearly a century; this is annoying because it is by far the clearest English translation I've seen of the (very obscure) Chinese text. An alternative, of course, is to write a lot of original text based on the translations available. -- Bignose

 * A few minutes of Google-searching turned up a copy of a 19th-century translation which appears to be public domain. Not necessarily the best, but it's something. (Of course, remember what Wikipedia is not -- there's little point in copying the text wholesale when you can just link. On the other hand, if you're going to include commentary, citing large chunks of the text may be justified.) --Brion

One thing I intend to do (unless someone beats me to it) is to compose images of each of the 64 hexagrams to accompany the text, which Unicode doesn't provide (though I'm still amazed that the eight trigrams are provided in Unicode). Now all I have to do is figure out how Wikipedia's image system works :-) -- Bignose

 * Phew! Done now.  64 hexagrams created, thanks to ImageMagick and some tricky shell scripting.  I've uploaded 70x70 pixel images for each hexagram, and added them to the hexagram pages.  I have also created 24x24 pixel thumbnails, if anyone thinks they might be useful (say, on the main article page)?  -- Bignose

 * Thanks, Bignose. It really helps those who don't wish to twist their neckbones or can't risk it due to an unforgiving skeleton. I think posting the 24x24's on the main article page would be great too. --Menchi 04:48 Feb 13, 2003 (UTC)

 * I liked the graphics. What I don't understand is why I can read the Chinese characters on those pages with my browser, but not the trigrams.
 * [ http://zh.wikipedia.org displays latin characters, not Chinese ones in my browser, which is something else I don't understand. ]
 * -- User:12.235.178.233 Feb 21, 2003

 * CJK Unicode font installation required. --Menchi 03:36 16 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Chinese Punctuation Marks for Book Title
『』 is actually quotation marks for quoting somebody's saying, “”. Book title marks (what in English rendered as italicization or underlining) are 《》. Incidentally, chapter marks (what in English would be quotation marks) are 〈〉. -- Menchi 04:42 Feb 13, 2003 (UTC)

 * Yes but these are used in Chinese text, to help distinguish between text itself and book's names. I'm not convinced that those marks are useful in our context and I propose to remove them.gbog 16:18, 14 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Um... What are these English names for the hexagrams like 'Force' and 'Field'? They seem to be fairly random to me, and probably not widely accepted? Where do these words come from? I mean, are they translated from something?

I don't think that scholars agree exactly on the meanings (and even the names) of the hexagrams...

Edededed 08:54, 26 Sep 2003 (UTC)

Pinyin/Wade-Giles
Someone has made a redirect from Yijing (Pinyin) to I-Ching (Wade-Giles). At this stage of Chinese studies, redirects should clearly be going in the opposite direction. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Acmuller (talk • contribs) 07:12, 11 August 2003 (UTC)
 * 210000 for I-Ching v. 11000 on Yijing on google. I-Ching still wins. Also, sign your name with ~ . --Jiang 07:24, 11 Aug 2003 (UTC)

Navigation Tables?
I've been adding tables that look like: to the first few hexagrams, to improve navigation. What do people think about this? Should the English names be included since the meanings of the hexagrams are disputed? Kevin Saff 16:34, 1 Apr 2004 (UTC)

Sequences?
Would it be worth going in to the various different sequences that exist? The reason I ask is that I think the Fu Xi sequence is worthy of mention in the Binary numeral system entry as the earliest known use of a binary sequence. See also my comment on Talk:binary numeral system. Please excuse my timidity, I've never been involved in editing before. Redwards2 16:00, 15 Apr 2004 (UTC)

 * I think it worth it. But I would like this article to be split in parts and want to know what other wikipedians think. I would separate and develop those topics :

 * Trigrams or Trigram (now redirects to I Ching) with an explained list of Trigrams and both sequences.
 * Hexagrams or Hexagram (now is a kind of disamb) with this long list of hexagrams and a square table showing how they are drawing a 'matrix'.
 * Divination with I Ching with those methods fully described.
 * I'm unsure on what those pages titles should be so please give your opinions. I'd like also to expand topics like 'influences of I Ching on Chinese thought', 'mathematical properties',... gbog 05:34, 2004 Oct 8 (UTC)

I found a mistake
It was refined over time and I Ching was completed around the time of Han Wu Di

I Ching was already completed before Confucius. But, Confucius gave more explanation or extended it into Philosophy. Maybe, the more explanation of I Ching appeared during Han Wu Di is another reason.

It is said, the first emperor of Zhou dynasty developed trigrams (八卦 bā gùa) into 64 Hexagrams. This is the completion of I Ching. The followings were all the explanation, because of the deep of I Ching.

I Ching hexagrams
What is everyone's opinion about me merging the 64 separate I Ching hexagram articles into one comprehensive List of I Ching hexagrams? Is there significant opposition? If no one objects, I'm going to go ahead with it, because having 64 separate articles just makes very little sense to me (especially since they're so small; see I Ching hexagram 01 for an example) User:Premeditated Chaos 19:12, 20 August 2005 (UTC)

 * I don't see a problem with 64 small articles. On the other hand, placing all 64 into one article is going to make one big mother of an article.  The guidelines for article size suggest keeping articles to between 20-30 KB.  While this is generally no longer absolutely necessary due to browser restrictions, the guidelines do state:

 * ...do note that readers may tire of reading a page in excess of 20-30 KB of readable prose (tables, lists and markup excluded). Thus the 32KB recommendation is considered to have stylistic value in many cases; if an article is significantly longer than that, then sections probably should eventually be summarised and the detail moved to other articles (see Summary style).

 * I know that this case is a bit different than the average article, but again, I can't see a reason for combining them. Perhaps I missed something, though.  What is your reasoning?  Sunray 02:12, August 22, 2005 (UTC)

First of all, because little articles like that have a tendency to get VFD'd for being stubs. (As far as I've seen, anyhow) Second, they are very small articles - no more than an image and three or four sentences - with very little potential to be expanded. Aside from more varied translations, I don't see a lot of information to add. As to your note on readers hating long articles, if they hate reading more than 32kb on one single page, imagine how much they must hate reading 32kb spaced out on 64 separate pages. I seriously doubt that the article will be 32kb long though, aside from the images making it seem larger. Besides, it's a much handier reference in list form - say you're looking at hexagram 1 and you want to compare it to hexagram 37 for some reason. If it's one list, you can just skip down the page to #37. But in separate articles, you have to go all the way to a different article, and then back and forth to compare. That's my general reasoning on it. User:Premeditated Chaos 05:48, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

 * You make a pretty persuasive argument, I must say. You've got my vote if it can be kept below 32 KB.  Sunray 07:49, August 22, 2005 (UTC)

 * Woo! I'm pretty sure I can pull that off. I'll wait a bit to see if anyone else cares first... User:Premeditated Chaos 18:49, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The current format of 'small' pages per hexagram can be extended to cover the use of all of the other hexagrams describing the properties of each hexagram; a recent 'discovery' working with the binary sequence, recursion, and so self-referencing and the XOR operator. I will add an example of this using hexagram 27 to the hexagram pages.

 * Putting all of the hexagrams into one page allows for that page to blow out in size. There is a LOT of material applicable to each hexagram so I would suggest leaving the 64 seperate pages.

 * A while back, I added a template to the bottom of every I Ching page so that readers could directly access any article from any other article. I believe this direct access approach ehances the ability of readers to compare two hexagrams without having to deal with an excessive file size from a consolidated article.  If future versions of the hexagram articles are expanded as well, size still should not matter. :-)     — RDF talk 03:44, 27 September 2005 (UTC)

 * When all - or any - of this potential information appears in the articles, I will most definitely support their being split back into 64 separate articles. For now, I will continue to argue that one comprehensive list - or even two, from 1-32 and 33-64, is a much better format for the hexagrams. User:Premeditated Chaos 04:10, 27 September 2005 (UTC)

 * No matter how many articles are used, the template can be adapted to go straight to an article or section heading. I don't have the information to expand the articles, but I'll update the template if structural changes are made.  As far as structure goes, what is the value of a "list" over simply adding to the Hexagram (I Ching) article?  Would you then delete that stub article and all the individual articles?  ...And possibly add them back later?    — RDF talk 04:32, 27 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I have added some additional information to the first 10 hexagrams covering the '27-ness', the skeletal form concept as well as reading the trigrams bottom to top; this latter focus reflects the refinement of the qualities of trigrams in their upper as compared to lower positions. Tell me what you think (as in more info or 'get it off!' ;-)) -- 14:28, 27 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I think the information is useful. One formatting suggestion is to add one more line between the bottom of the text and the top of the I Ching templete.    — RDF talk 16:27, 27 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I have added the 'skeletal' (27-ness) comments and the trigram comments to all of the hexagrams. Please review and comment etc. If all ok I will proceed to 63-ness, when a hexagram is in its 'ideal', complete form, its aire of 'completeness' is describable by analogy to another hexagram derived through XOR-ing with 63. (e.g. hex 01 is described by 64 - the focus being on never stopping, perpetual mediation, perpetual refining of skills etc and so never 'complete') -- 15:22, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Cool! I say full-Ching ahead! ;-) Based on your efforts, I also support keeping all 64 hexagram articles separate.   — RDF talk 15:35, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I have done the first 10 hexagrams re 63-ness. Please review and ensure it 'makes sense'! ;-) If ok I will do the remaining 54 over the next couple of days. -- 10:40, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

Self-Referencing I Ching
The discussion about XOR-ing and recursion on this page and on all the hexagram pages does not make sense to me. There's not enough explanation here to understand what you're learning by XOR-ing two hexagrams together to get a third, or why 27 appears to be special in this regard. Also, I think the word 'recursion' doesn't mean what you think it means. The word "spectrum" is also thrown around without explaining what it means in this context.

My suspicion about this stuff is that it was added by someone who has their own novel system of thought about this topic, but they haven't succeeded in explaining it and maybe it should be replaced to just a link to Chris Lofting's IChingPlus material (which is in the same odd style as the edits, so I wonder if it's that same writer: similar wide ranging use of the words "recursion", "spectrum", "quantum", "DNA").

I hesitate to take this stuff out myself because it may be that it is talking about something widely believed about I Ching and it just needs better explanation. Cbogart2 12:45, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

(0) because something does not make sense to you does not mean it is 'wrong'. The material is based on careful analysis of how the brain creates and communicates meaning through specialisations, where each specialisation creates its own language. (as such, the IC is a language but sourced in images that elicit qualities rather than the precision we use of letters to words to qualities etc) - IOW how can the I Ching still elicit 'meaning' when many Westerner's write it off as something 'mystical' etc and useless?

(1) the hexagrams of the I Ching are derived from applying recursion to a dichotomy (rather than a trichotomy or N-chotomy that are also possible). This is identifiable in the binary sequence of the I Ching where, using 0 - yin and 1 - yang, we have 64 hexagrams ordered from 000000 to 111111.

(2) this process of recursion is reflected in the human brain as it derives meaning or more so qualities usable to communicate meaning (the recursion is of the WHAT/WHERE dichotomy used in the brain).

(3) what we find in analysis of the brain's generation of meaning is that it appears to use the ONE set of qualities many times through the creation of specialisations (such as the I Ching). This elicits isomorphism of specialisations.

(4) what this does is allow for the ease in making analogies across specialisations and so use one specialisation as a source of analogy, or as a metaphor for, some other specialisation. (and so the I Ching can describe, is seeable 'in', any other specialisation since they are all metaphors for what the brain deals with - patterns of differentiating/integrating, XOR/AND etc)

(5) The dynamics involved are in PART/WHOLE processing where the PART is extracted from the WHOLE using dynamics associated with the properties of XOR - A/NOT-A, this, not that, etc. - we can experience this directly in sensory paradox processing.

(6) Taking this general XOR/AND dynamic and applying it to the hexagrams of the I Ching we find that EACH hexagram is describable by analogy to ALL of the others in that each contains all. (this reflects general brain dynamics in processing foreground/background, aspects of a whole in that our brains have strongly adapted to vision and generalised that adaptation to information processing in general) - Note that this application of XOR/AND perspectives shows us an apparently undocumented property of recursion, not just the I Ching.

(7) The initial example given here of extracting 'parts' expressed through a whole is through deriving the '27-ness' of each hexagram where focusing on a particular hexagram and XOR-ing it with hexagram 27 will give you the qualities of 27 expressed by the hexagram under analysis. Many have 'played' with XOR-ing hexagrams etc but none have asked the right question a la 'what does it mean?'. Now we know where the 'answer' comes from understanding how the brain works in deriving meaning.

(8) The intent in the "Self-Referencing I Ching" is to include the list of all 63 analogies of each hexagram and so show how to use the I Ching to describe itself but as a set of UNIVERSALS (hexagrams, trigrams, dodecagrams, depends on what scale you want).

(9) Prior to modern work in neurosciences the descriptions of the I Ching etc were made by reference to local conditions; with the neuroscience work we can show the 'regular' network from which such 'small world networks' as the many I Ching interpretations/transation have arisen.

(10) Since you seemed to think there was only one example (27-ness) I will put up the summary listings (and so 64 entries per hexagram) for hexagram 01 - each of these entries will then need to be fleshed-out (as I have been doing but it takes time) but it will give you a better idea of what has been discovered. (and so make the point, we are dealing with a fundamental property of the I Ching due to the method of its derivation when we 'see' it in it 'natural' binary sequence. IOW this is all about the I Ching but material not covered before AFAIK)

(11) What has been done here is to consider the last 3000+ years of research of neurosciences, cognitive science, and psychology. When we go back and 'review' the traditional I Ching we find a lot that appears to have been missed or touched on vaguely due to lack of information. We now have the information and so can bring the IC from the 10th century BC into the 21st century AD.

-- 14:55, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

 * How should these points be expressed and referenced in this, the Hexagram (I Ching) and individual hexagram articles? Some encyclopedic citation should be included.    — RDF talk 03:59, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

 * add a section to that particular page showing the self-referencing of yin/yang as we build a hexagram bottom to top. A diagram such as

should do where we replace "A" with 'yang' and "~A" with yin. The core label is that of yang and differentiating, yin and integrating. Traditionally, each line is more 'refined' than the previous, we over from the general to the particular, raw to refined. This reflects the use of 'wave' dynamics in the creation of a sense of, a feeling of, meaning in the I Ching.

This XOR/AND dynamic of our neurology etc it discussed in the IDM material with the above particulars touched on in the page on getting meaning from frequencies, wavelengths, and amplitudes. (With refs)

The images built-up from the self-referencing of yin/yang represent generic qualities of wholeness, partness, static relatedness, dynamic relatedness. These are qualified through such synonyms to differentiate/integrate as 'expand' or 'contract' etc

The qualities associated with trigrams reflect what they represent generically:

heaven - wholeness through differentiation (expansive)

lake - static relatedness through differentiation (issues of sharing space with another/others)

fire - partness (boundary, a cut) through differentiation

thunder - dynamic relatedness through differentiation (issues of sharing time with another/others)

wind - dynamic relatedness through integration

water - partness through integration

mountain - static relatedness through integration

earth - wholeness through integration (contractive)

Cognitive analysis of the many texts on trigrams etc brings out the generic qualities that we all share as neuron-dependent life forms and we can label these with qualities more 'felt' -

wholeness - blending

partness - bounding

static relationships - bonding

dynamic relationships - binding

The self-referencing allows you to interpret hexagrams:

(a) as 6 lines

(b) as 3 digrams

(c) as 2 trigrams

(d) as a hexagram (whole image irreducible)

Hyperbolic development allows you to 'jump' from 8 trigrams to 64 hexagrams where we use the 8 trigrams as sources of analogy to describe finer details in each (and so 'stay in the yin/yang box'). Thus we jump from 8 to 64 rather than just add a dichotomy per level (reflects moving from 2^N to N^2 - in the long run, very energy conserving). When we add 'changing lines' we are in fact moving to the level of 64^2 = 4096 'meanings'; symbolically it is easier to work with 64 changing line symbols (and so each line position has 4 possible states) than list out 2^12 forms (4096 dodecagrams, 12-line symbols).

Each hexagram as such 'contains' 64 dodecagrams, as each trigram 'contains' 8 hexagrams - these simpler symbols are compressions of the meaning at the level of 4096 dodecagrams. This is of course way too complex to deal with at the level of the 'everyday' so 64 hexagrams are enough (or even just 8 trigrams but that can get a bit 'cumbersome' at times)

Neuroscience refs to the oscillations, WHAT/WHERE, etc etc are easy to come by (see the IDM references) and so a corpus can be set up of supporting material.

Of particular 'interest' is the isomorphism to human emotions in that they can be categorised in the same way through recursion of fight/flight dichotomy. This gives us eight 'vague' descriptions of proto emotions (the descriptions taken from the work of Plutchik) that we find 'map' to the trigrams:

heaven - anger

lake - sex (sexual love)

fire - acceptance

thunder - surprise

wind - anticipation

water - rejection

mountain - grief

earth - fear

Move to the hexagrams and these are 'refined' in expression, heaven gets into issues of self-devotion, self-respect, competitiveness etc etc (we try to take over the context) as earth gets into issues of devotion-to-others, cooperativeness etc (fear is translated into blending into the context, using the context to protect).

Through the blending, bonding, bounding, binding qualities there is isomorphism to the qualities associated with the types of numbers we use in Mathematics:

blending - whole numbers

bounding - rationals (parts)

bonding - irrationals (sum parts, harmonic series, share space with others (pi, e etc))

binding - imaginary (share time, cyclic, morphic change etc)

The isomorphism possible is due to all of the 'specialisations' having the ONE root - the qualities derived from the neurology as it processes differentiating/integrating. It is this one root that allows us to use Mathematics or the I Ching to describe some other specialist perspective ;-)

--CJL 12:18, 4 October 2005 (UTC)--11:51, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Cool! I say "Add away!" :-)   — RDF talk 16:21, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

I don't want to engage you in discussion of all these details, although I may read your web pages later because it does kind of interest me. I just want to say this -- it's my opinion, and I'd like some other editors to weigh in on this -- that you're violating the Wikipedia rule of "no original research" (See No original research) by including your own theories here. Cbogart2 01:42, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

 * good point but the material specifically for the IC is derived from a property of recursion and that is not original - just not noticed before ;-) - IOW the material comes out of an existing, identified methodology (as I have referenced in the wikipedia definition of recursion).

If I was Einstein and came up with something like:

E = MC^2

are you saying that this would be forbidden on wikipedia due to it being 'original' work? - Einstein could give a LOT of references to the physics of his times supporting his equation, as I can to supporting the derivation of meaning and specialisations from work in neurosciences. That said, I am not promoting IDM here, and the only reference to ICPlus is in an external link that is thus the same form of reference as all of the other links supplied in the main IC page.

If I work on Mathematics and come up with 1 + 1 = 2, is the assertion of that equation 'original work'? I dont think so - if the methodology is known then any derivations from that methodology reflect aspects of that methodology - PRIOR to their discovery the aspects still existed, they were just not identified, labelled, by us.

In the particular XOR dynamics I am identifying, these are dynamics 'built in' to the recursion process but have not been identified as such until now... so you are saying that a fundamental property of the methodology in deriving hexagrams is to be ignored/rejected due to no one else explicitly coming up with it in the past? What we are dealing with is 'Science' as such and so can be checked for validity - we are not dealing with some 'imagined' notion of mine where that CAN be an issue re including it in Wikipedia etc due to its possible ideosyncratic nature - but what we are covering in the XOR material is a property of a general methodology, one used by all 'brains' as such and so outside of my personal perspectives (brain oscillations across WHAT/WHERE etc is well researched - see the IDM references ;-))

--CJL 03:26, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The policy of "no original research" still applies. My "add away" comment assumed this would not be an issue.  As I noted above, just site primary or secondary sources that are noteworthy and verifyable.  It's a simple and reasonable requirement for an encyclopedia, as opposed to a journal on innovative practice and/or "original research."    — RDF talk 03:35, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

If we exclude all references to blending, bonding, bounding, binding excludes all reference to the main IDM material - as does exclusion of mentioning the isomorphism present in all of this. All that is being done is recognising that:

(a) The I Ching is derived from self-referencing. (b) Each derivation is itself self-referencing. (c) Therefore the I Ching can describe itself as can each hexagram, and it can do that through the use of analogy to all of the other hexagrams in the I Ching. (d) There is a methodology that is part of all of this that allows for the extraction of all of the analogies usable to describe each hexagram - and that is the XOR process.

We are getting into the basics of languages where the usually finite nature of each language's set of representations means all we can describe is in the majority by analogy/metaphor - the one quality gets used many times where local context re-labels it. At the level of the symbolisms in the 'ancient' I Ching we are dealing with a 'language of the vague' -universals in need of local context to 'ground' them, to add 'colour'. We are not at the level of precision, of letters, and especially numbers etc but at a more generic level shared across the species. (and so qualities identifiable as the seed of 'number types')

IOW the 'universal' I Ching is like 'pure' Mathematics - context-free, universal forms that are meaningful WITHIN themselves (self-referencing) but meaningless in the 'real' world until linked to some particular context (and so 'applied' Mathematics or such specialist forms of the I Ching (e.g. the 'traditional' sequence etc)

The idea for the Wikipedia IC is to add a section of self-referencing and the consequences of that in the form of the IC being able to describe itself using what the brain uses in ITS extraction of parts from a whole - XOR-ing.

However, on reflection it is obvious that the work is 'original' in that there are no external references other than to my websites - no one has covered this before in that the majority of I Chingers have worked from 'within' the box with no reference to how such a metaphor as the traditional I Ching could develop. My perspective comes from outside of the box, not what is expressed by what is behind it... oh well, remove whatever you wish... we cant let new paradigms change the current dogma can we! ;-)

see ya,

Chris.

--CJL 03:51, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

Thank you. Cbogart2 04:24, 6 October 2005 (UTC)x

Tai Xuan Jing ("Alternate" I Ching)
I'm surprised that Wikipedia seems to say nothing about the Tài Xuán Jīng (太玄經), sometimes known as "Alternate" I Ching or Elemental Changes, which is a sort of sequel to Yì Jīng itself. Basically, Tài Xuán Jīng uses a ternary system instead of binary: instead of having just unbroken or broken horizontal lines, there are doubly broken ones; from what I understand, whereas Yì Jīng uses unbroken (⚊) for heaven (yang) and broken (⚋) for earth (yin), Tài Xuán Jīng uses unbroken (⚊) for heaven, once broken (⚋) for human and doubly broken (𝌀) for earth. This gives rise to 9 digrams and 81 tetragrams. Of course, the Tài Xuán Jīng is not nearly as famous as Yì Jīng, but Unicode seems to have thought it important enough to include all 81 Tài Xuán Jīng tetragrams in plan 1 (Tetragram Symbols, Tai Xuan Jing). --Gro-Tsen 23:03, 14 January 2006 (UTC)

I-Ching vs the genetic code
An interesting aspect of I-ching in relation to the genetic code is discussed.

The current and central dogma in molecular genetics indicated that genetic information is encoded in the form of nucleic acids. Naturally-occuring nucleic acids are essentially strings of polymers, whose monomer unit is a nucleotide. A nucleotide chemically consists of a heterocyclic base, a sugar and a phosphate group where both the sugar and phosphate groups form the phosphate-sugar backbone of nucleic acids. There are five different heterocyclic bases found in naturally-occuring nucleic acids and broadly categorized into two chemical classes: purines and pyrimidines. Adenine and Guanine are classed under purines, while Thymine, Cytosine and Uracil are classed under pyrimidines. In a polymer of natural nucleic acids, these bases are arranged in different permutations in a sequential order. Philosophically speaking, Mother Nature has therefore cleverly evolved/devised a way to increase genetic information diversity by varying the number of nucleotides been strung together in different permutations. Because natural nucleic acids often encodes genetic information and are therefore very long polymers, molecular biologists abbreviate the bases as A, G, T, C and U respectively. This enabled biologists to write out large amounts of genetic information in a short-hand manner. (Points to note: 1) Nucleic acids include DNA and RNA, where deoxyribose is the sugar component of DNA while ribose is the sugar component in RNA. 2) A, G, C and T are found in DNA, while T is replaced by U in RNA. 3) In most biological systems known-to-date, DNA is double stranded, with one strand complimentary to the other and arranged in an anti-parallel fashion. 4) In DNA, A normally pairs with T, while G normally pairs with C on complimentary strands.)

Hitherto, the current dogma in molecular biology also indicated that the stored genetic information has to be translated to make proteins, which ultimately gives function and structure. There are 20 common and naturally-occuring amino acids. These amino acids are then strung together chemically in different permutations to form proteins. The process of translating genetic information to make proteins involve reading three bases as a codon, which in turn encodes for an amino acid. Thus, the genetic code. Needless to say, the genetic code is degenerative. That is, more than one codon can potentially encode for the same amino acid.

What is interesting and seemingly coincidental is that the genetic code comprises of 64 codons, the same number as 64 hexagrams in I-ching. From the other perspective, it is also equally interesting to note that while I-ching is based on a binary system (ie: 2 to the power n), why should it just stopped at 64 hexagrams (ie: 2 to the power of 6)? Technically and theoretically, the binary permutations can go higher or lower (eg: 2 to the power of 7 to give 128 or 2 to the power of 4 to give 16 hexagrams). There are also a number of parallels between I-ching and biological processes. For instance, the '2 to the power of n' rule can also be observed in the ideal scenario of the cell reproduction process. As such, at stage 0 of cell division, there is only one cell; at the first division, two cells exist; at the second division, a total of four cells can be obtained; and so on. The power 'n' is thus analogous to the stage of cell division. The principle of cyclical phenomenons and other more subtle messages, often potrayed in the taiji and I-ching, are also frequently observed in biological systems. One of such cyclical phenomenons observed in biological systems is the circadian rhythm. While the idea of yin-yang complimentarity in I-ching can be also viewed as parallel to the double-stranded-nature of DNA and its semi-conservative replication. In simpler terms, each strand of the original double-stranded DNA can be separated and used as a template to make the new complimentary strand.

While molecular biologists are able to explain the derivation of the 64 codons, the same may not be true for why I-ching has to be at exactly 64 hexagrams. Whilst most biological processes are currently being studied/researched scientifically, can we say the same for the study of I-ching? Rather than dismissing the study of I-ching as a pseudo-science or as a means of divination, perhaps it is time for us to examine this ancient text under more critical and yet scientific light.

Written by,

A student of Microbiology, Molecular biology and I-ching.

Adding a bit more on modern scholarship
I've gone through making minor revisions to emphasize the difference between the traditional story behind the Yi Jing's origins and the views of modern scholars, and I added some of the scholarship regarding the oracle bones and early bronzes. All the changes are based on this summary: Shaughnessy, Edward L. (1993). “I ching 易經 (Chou I 周易)”, pp.216-228 in Loewe, Michael (ed.). Early Chinese Texts: A Bibliographical Guide, (Early China Special Monograph Series No. 2), Society for the Study of Early China, and the Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley, ISBN 1-55729-043-1. Dragonbones 08:01, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

202.156.6.54, I don't think "I've never heard of" is a good reason to remove things, when others provide specific scholarly references. By established Wiki standards, cited reference should take precedence over personal opinion or, in this case, your lack of information. I will quote the passages for you tomorrow and will then reverse your reverts. Second, if you have a scholar attributing a source to the Warring States period and I have a scholar claiming an Eastern Han dating, my wording along the lines of "scholars variously attribute XYZ to the Warring States to Eastern Han period" is the most appropriate. You shouldn't change it back to only mention "Eastern Han" just because you know of one scholar who claims that date. If there is disagreement between scholars, the Wiki summary should reflect that, exactly as I had done. If you have specific evidence to cite showing that Shaughnessy's logic was flawed, please discuss the details here, with specific references provided, rather than just erasing it. Let's work together on this, shall we? ;) Dragonbones 14:45, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Well, since when did you provided a specific scholarly references for that part. Please do show your sources that how appropriate is it, since you're the one who try to make this contributions, not me. I had been heard alots of attribution dating between Warring States to Western Han for Shiyi, but not the Eastern Han. I'm sorry, but please do not remake history through your own Original research, furthermore if your references are not good enough (notes that its state modern scholars under your edits) I am afraid I will still have to reverse your reverts. 18:07, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Have you read the talk section above? "All the changes are based on this summary: Shaughnessy, Edward L. (1993). “I ching 易經 (Chou I 周易)”, pp.216-228 in Loewe, Michael (ed.). Early Chinese Texts: A Bibliographical Guide, (Early China Special Monograph Series No. 2), Society for the Study of Early China, and the Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley, ISBN 1-55729-043-1. Dragonbones 08:01, 17 April 2006 (UTC)." The citation is quite specific, it is a scholarly reference, and there's no original research involved. BTW, I do highly recommend this book, for its concise summaries by top scholars on each major text. Dragonbones 02:26, 18 April 2006 (UTC)

 * I'm sorry, as long as you did not gives the scholarly references for how would the attribution dating from the Eastern Han is the most appropriate, I will still have to reverse your reverts. This is what you state under your edits (notes that its state modern scholars under your edits), and this is how your specific evidence had to be shown, if not the logic would be flawed. Cited reference of your own contributions should take precedence over personal opinion or, in this case, your lack of information. I just don't see why can't we changed the edits to Warring States to Western Han by the way 02:37, 18 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Hi, sorry we seem to have gotten off on the wrong foot! I'm of course happy to provide more specific references so that all the editors can better decide, through consensus, whether or not to keep pieces of information in the article. My source, Shaughnessy, is a well-known western scholar, with specialties including the Yi Jing (which was his Ph.D. dissertation topic) as well as early chronology. In the above-mentioned text, on p. 221, he writes: "Still, there can be no question that the commentaries [on the I ching] were not produced by Confucius. Although each one remains to be dated independently, in general it would seem that they attained their present form in the mid-third to the early second century B.C., with the probable exception of the Hsü kua which would seem to date from the Later Han period. ".  Note that when speaking of multiple scholars (the ones giving your time frame for the commentaries in general, and the one I cite giving the same time frame plus a slightly later date for, in this case, one of the commentary sections), it seems to be correct English to say that scholars variously..., as this allows for the diversity of scholarly opinion. I have not attempted to claim that multiple scholars think the entire thing was Eastern Han. BTW, in the newest edit I have made the reference in more detail so as to clarify which portion may be Eastern Han; this gives more weight to your position. I hope this is satisfactory to all. Cheers!Dragonbones 06:41, 18 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Sorry, but we're talking about Shiyi, not Yijing, I don't see the dating from the Eastern Han is the most appropriate. I had seen alots of modern scholars, such as Ma Huanjun, Guo Yi， Feng Youlan, Li Jingchi, etc, who all dated in between Warring States to Western Han for Shiyi. Even the most modernist scholar like Li Jingchi dated it between Zhaodi and Xuandi. Those are all top figures in philology in the PRC for confucius classics btw. And could interpret classic textual analysis more than the western scholars. So almost all scholars supported my opinion, I have not attempted to claim that multiple scholars think the entire thing was Eastern Han, because there's just none. Note that when speaking of multiple scholars as this allows for the diversity of scholarly opinion, I think we should just changed it to Western Han. 14:29, 18 April 2006 (UTC)

I Chingalings
Although I can't pose as an authority on the I Ching, I have kept it by my bedside for years and find your article in every way worthy of Wikipedia.

A section of my website presents the “I Ching” for a new audience. For that reason, I am submitting this section for your consideration as a proposed link, www.benandverse.com/writings/index.htm.

My version of the “I Ching” is distinctive in that it “translates” the “I Ching” into jingles with a light touch. It attempts, thereby, to transmit a small quantity of the wisdom found in the "image" section of each of the 64 chapters.

The subject of divination is not discussed.

I hope this effort will cause no offense to those who rightly revere the insights of the priceless original. (I have attempted a similar “translation” of the wisdom of “Poor Richard’s Almanac” on the same website.)

The work on “I Ching” is from a section I have just added to my website, a literary miscellany, called “Phony Pearls of Fictitious Wisdom”.

My original website, “Ben and Verse,” is devoted to Ben Franklin. It received the A+ award from the www.englishwebteacher.com (together with a link from the Franklin Institute). 205.188.116.196 14:58, 27 May 2006 (UTC)

The original website has persisted for years; I have instructed my executors that both the original website and this new addition shall remain unchanged until long after my death.

I’d consider it an honor to receive a link from the Wikipedia.

Sincerely,

John McCall Mccall63@aol.com

bad Shi Yi link
lakitu 09:19, 1 July 2006 (UTC)

Material removed from article
I've removed the following addition by Karen Solvig from the section "Chart of trigrams":

"In the combination of the odd (Yang) values of Heaven and the odd (Yin) values of Earth given as from 1 to 10, together with the odd and even values of the Ho Tu produce a different sequence of trigrams, and thus hexagrams, to those given above. If the values of 1 and 6 (the 2 numbers given as North in the Ho Tu) are placed into the 'Original Trigrams' of Ch'ien and K'un and are multiplied in accordance with their 3 unbroken and broken lines, then Heaven 1 has a value of 6, and Earth 6 has a value of 36 (1 + 2 + 3 = 6 and 6 + 12 + 18 = 36) that fit together to produce a value for all the other 6 trigrams that their combination of lines produce. Thereby all values in Ho Tu are multiples of x 6 (and 6 is number of the great dark). The sequence obtained through the instructions given in 'The Material' of Wilhelm's Edition in its middle book 2, thus appears as Ch'ien, Sun, Li, Tui, Ken, K'an, Chen, and K'un. In the directions of the Ho Tu this sequence alternates, as 2 to 7 sees K'un leading instead of Ch'ien, in this way each of the directions forms a symmetrically placed set of light and dark opposite values. The production of the hexagrams produces a set of values if the same method of placing the values of Heaven and Earth into them in accordance to their amount of lines, as Heaven 1 or Ch'ien has 6 unbroken lines of 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 = 21, and Earth 6 or K'un is 6 + 12 + 18 + 24 + 30 + 36 = 126, so all the hexagrams have a value of x 7, which fit together in the same directions of the Ho Tu. This simple set of multipllications leads anyone to some very interesting numbers, and not only because all the values are x 6 and x 7 (a movement is accomplished in 6 and 7 stages)."

Perhaps other editors could comment on whether this material is appropriate to this article. To my mind, it does not contribute to the reader's general understanding of the I Ching. It is actually an interpretation of the Ho Tu. It is extremely long and technical, inapproprately referenced and seems to be mostly original research. I have attempted to communicate with the writer, explaining Wikipedia norms about citations and sources, but she has not taken any action to improve her posts to this and the Lo Shu Square article. Overall, this writing does not meet Wikipedia standards, IMO and the writer, frustratingly, fails to respond to the suggestions of others. Comments? Sunray 18:57, 5 July 2006 (UTC)

Additional material removed from article
The following text has been removed from the Structure section pending discussion:

"But when the workings of the River Maps are revealed it is found that the Ho Tu (Yellow River) and Lo Shu (Lo River) work together, and so, the workings of the I Ching are far more ancient than the historical figure of King Wen, going back to Fu Hsi who is a mythical figure of an estimated 3500 BC., or to the mythical Yellow Emperors of 2000 BC (as these older mythical characters are said in various texts to have invented the Ho Tu, and in some texts the Lo Shu, or the alternations of the days and nights) (see Wilhelm, 1967: bk2 'The Materials'). The workings of the River Maps are revealed when they are combined with the values of Heaven and Earth that are stated in the I Ching as the 'Original Trigrams' (father and mother) — Heaven has all light or unbroken lines and corresponds to odd numbers 1,3,5,7,9, and Earth has all broken lines and corresponds to even numbers 2,4,6,8,10. The father and mother produce the values of the other six Trigrams which are called 'The Children.' When the values of Heaven and Earth are placed into 'The River Maps' the right sequences of all eight trigrams appears. The values of the trigrams form an 8 x 8 square in each of the directions or elements, so the Ho Tu produces four squares that are symetrical and add together as opposite light and dark Hexagrams. The adding together of the values then produces a fifth inner square. which corresponds with the values of 5 and 10 in the 'Ho Tu. The workings of 'The River Maps' together with the values of Heaven and Earth gives all the mathematical workings of 'The Changes' (see'' Lo Shu Square)."

Once again, I would like other editors to comment on whether this is appropriate to an encyclopedia article on the I Ching. It is my view that it is overly long, tendentious, inappropriately referenced, and not something that a general reader needs to know about the I Ching. However, perhaps I'm missing something. What do others think? Sunray 19:13, 5 July 2006 (UTC)

 * I'm not into playing games either. I am a long-time editor of Wikipedia and am very familiar with editing policies and guidelines, as I am with the I Ching.  Let's let other editors comment on what I have said above.  If no one else comments, then we will have to sort it out between us.  I would ask you to please show that you have understood what I am saying before you proceed further.  One thing that I did not mention above has to do with article size.  This article is fairly complete and stable.  It is also at the upper limit of article size.  Therefore, lengthy additions should not be occuring.  There are ways of dealing with this, but first, I would like to hear comments from other editors. Please be patient. Sunray 20:40, 5 July 2006 (UTC)

The removed articles are to be withdrawn period. Karen Solvig 18:56, 8 July 2006 (UTC)

 * Perhaps instead of withdrawing those paragraphs entirely, we could start a new sub-article based on that content — possible title Ho Tu Map. Sunray 22:25, 8 July 2006 (UTC)

Hexagram locational links
Cool article folks - great work.

Is there any way to make the hexagram table links jump down to the correct place on the hexagram page? So if you click on hexagram 10, you are not only taken to List of I Ching hexagrams 1-32, but also down to the spot on the page where

What was the book for, originally?
I didn't see this in the article; perhaps the ideas about its original use and intent are so well-known that no comment is needed. Or perhaps it would be all speculation, although given the recent archeologic finds described, of which I was not aware, perhaps it's no longer uncertain. In any event, although it's usually referred to as a book of divination, a tool for fortune-telling, I would think this to be a later development, much like the same usage of the western bible. The bible got its start as sort of a description of a group of people and their place in the world. While the I Ching doesn't seem to have much if any history in it, what seems to fit best in my extremely humble opinion is an encyclopedia - that is, an effort to decribe the physical world of the time. I'd be most interested to hear what others think of this idea, and what other ideas are out there. --Dan 17:12, 4 October 2006 (UTC)
 * The book has always been a book for divination and study as its main content which has never changed is the hexagrams, the text that goes with the hexagrams has changed with the culture and time, but the true meaning of the hexgrams is objective and derived from the structure of the hexgrams in accord with the principles of Bagua. --Nad 20:07, 4 October 2006 (UTC)
 * The text of the images (each hexagram as a taken as a whole) were done first which essentially told one what their situation was and where it was heading etc, but could not yield any advice on what course of action should be taken and where those decisions may lead. This was resolved by King Wen and his son who added the text for the meanings of changes in each of the individual lines in each hexagram. --Nad 20:50, 4 October 2006 (UTC)

Why "Confucian"?
Why is the first setence of this entry "This article is about the ancient Chinese Confucian text."? And this setence is not editable.

I Ching is clearly not considered as Confucius's work, even though he was one of those who came up with their own interpretations.

I would strongly recommend we remove this confusing reference at the very beginning of this entry.

Best regards!

Freed from Copyright Restrictions
I described above jingles based on the I Ching, which I called "Chingalings" (that I have now arranged by subject). Please feel free to quote them at any length for commercial or other purposes. I have similarly released for public use everything else on the website -- www.benandverse.com (via what is called the "Creative Commons" program). 209.244.187.124 20:15, 22 February 2007 (UTC)

Assessment comment
Substituted at 20:32, 3 May 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:I Ching/Archive 2


text:
List of intelligence agencies

This is a list of intelligence agencies by country. It includes only currently operational institutions.

An intelligence agency is a government agency responsible for the collection, analysis, and exploitation of information in support of law enforcement, national security, military, and foreign policy objectives.

Afghanistan

 * General Directorate of Intelligence (GDI) – د استخباراتو لوی ریاست

Albania

 * State Intelligence Service (SHISH) – Sherbimi Informativ Shteteror

Argentina

 * President's Office
 * Federal Intelligence Agency (AFI) – Agencia Federal de Inteligencia
 * Directorate of Judicial Surveillance (DOJ) – Dirección de Observaciones Judiciales
 * Federal Counternarcotics Service (SEFECONAR) – Servicio Federal de Lucha contra el Narcotráfico
 * Argentine National Gendarmerie Intelligence (SIGN) – Inteligencia de la Gendarmería Nacional Argentina
 * Ministry of Defense
 * National Directorate of Strategic Military Intelligence (DNIEM) – Dirección Nacional de Inteligencia Estratégica Militar
 * Ministry of Justice
 * Federal Penitentiary Service Intelligence – Inteligencia del Servicio Penitenciario Federal
 * Airport Security Police Intelligence – Inteligencia de la Policía de Seguridad Aeroportuaria
 * Ministry of Interior
 * National Directorate of Criminal Intelligence (DNIC) – Dirección Nacional de Inteligencia Criminal
 * Argentine Federal Police Intelligence – Inteligencia de la Policía Federal Argentina
 * Buenos Aires Police Intelligence (SIPBA) (Buenos Aires Police Intelligence) – Inteligencia de la Policía Bonaerense
 * Argentine Naval Prefecture Intelligence (SIPN) – Inteligencia de la Prefectura Naval Argentina
 * Ministry of Economy
 * Financial Intelligence Unit (UIF) – Unidad de Inteligencia Financiera
 * Intelligence Department of the Joint General Staff of the Armed Forces (J-2)
 * Military Intelligence Collection Center (CRIM) – Central de Reunión de Inteligencia Militar
 * Army Intelligence Service (SIE) – Servicio de Inteligencia del Ejército
 * Naval Intelligence Service (SIN) – Servicio de Inteligencia Naval
 * Air Force Intelligence Service (SIFA) – Servicio de Inteligencia de la Fuerza Aérea

Armenia

 * National Security Service (NSS)
 * Foreign Intelligence Service (FIS)

Australia

 * Australian Security Intelligence Organisation (ASIO)
 * Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS)
 * Australian Signals Directorate (ASD)
 * Australian Geospatial-Intelligence Organisation (AGO)
 * Defence Intelligence Organisation (DIO)
 * Office of National Intelligence (ONI)

Austria

 * Bundesministerium für Landesverteidigung (BMLV): Federal Ministry of Defence
 * Heeresnachrichtenamt (HNA): Army Intelligence Office
 * Abwehramt (AbwA): Counter-Intelligence Office
 * Bundesministerium für Inneres (BMI): Federal Ministry of the Interior
 * Direktion Staatsschutz und Nachrichtendienst (DSN): State Security and Intelligence Directorate

Azerbaijan

 * State Security Service (Dövlət Təhlükəsizliyi Xidməti)
 * Foreign Intelligence Service (Xarici Kəşfiyyat Xidməti)
 * Financial Monitoring Service (Maliyyə Monitorinqi Xidməti)

Bahamas

 * Security and Intelligence Branch (SIB)
 * Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU)
 * National Crime Intelligence Agency (NCIA)

Bahrain

 * NSA – National Security Agency

Bangladesh

 * Prime Minister's Office
 * National Committee for Intelligence Coordination
 * National Security Intelligence (NSI)
 * Special Security Force – Intelligence Bureau (SSF-IB)
 * Cabinet Division
 * National Security Affairs Cell
 * Ministry of Home Affairs
 * Special Branch (SB)
 * Detective Branch (DB)
 * Police Bureau of Investigation (PBI)
 * Criminal Investigation Department (CID)
 * Counter Terrorism and Transnational Crime (CTTC)
 * Rapid Action Battalion – Intelligence Wing (RAB-IW)
 * Ministry of Defence
 * Directorate General of Forces Intelligence (DGFI)
 * Counter Terrorism and Intelligence Bureau (CTIB)
 * National Telecommunication Monitoring Centre (NTMC)
 * Ministry of Finance
 * Central Intelligence Unit (CIU)
 * Bangladesh Financial Intelligence Unit (BFIU)
 * Ministry of Posts, Telecommunications and Information Technology
 * Digital Security Agency

Barbados

 * Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU)
 * Criminal Investigations Department (CID)

Belarus

 * State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus (KDB/KGB) (State Security Committee)

Belgium

 * VSSE (State Security Service)
 * ADIV / SGRS (ADIV/SGRS) (General Intelligence and Security Service, military intelligence)

Bosnia and Herzegovina

 * Intelligence-Security Agency of Bosnia and Herzegovina (OSA)
 * Državna Agencija za Istrage i Zaštitu (State Investigation and Protection Agency, SIPA)

Botswana

 * Directorate of Intelligence and Security (DIS)

Brazil

 * Brazilian Intelligence Agency (ABIN)
 * Federal Police Department (DPF) (counterintelligence agency)
 * Gabinete de Segurança Institucional (Institutional Security Bureau) (GSI) Responds directly to the president's office and the armed forces. Coordinates some intelligence operations.
 * Secretaria da Receita Federal do Brasil (Federal Revenue Secretariat) (RFB) (General Coordination for Research and Investigations - Coordenação-Geral de Pesquisa e Investigação - Copei)

Brunei

 * Internal Security Department (Brunei) (internal)

Bulgaria

 * State Intelligence Agency (Държавна агенция „Разузнаване“ (DAR)) – overseas intelligence gathering service under the supervision of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria
 * State Agency for National Security (Държавна агенция за национална сигурност (DANS)) – national security service under the supervision of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria

Burundi

 * Service national de renseignement (SNR)

Canada

 * Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS)
 * Communications Security Establishment (CSE)
 * Canadian Forces Intelligence Command (DND)
 * Canadian Forces National Counter-Intelligence Unit (DND) operated by the Canadian Forces Military Police Group
 * Joint Task Force X
 * Criminal Intelligence Service Canada (CISC)
 * Intelligence Branch
 * Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada (FINTRAC)
 * Global Affairs Canada (GAC) Bureau of Intelligence Analysis and Security and Bureau of Economic Intelligence
 * Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) Intelligence Division
 * Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) Immigrations Intelligence
 * Canadian Coast Guard (CCG)

Chad

 * Agence nationale de sécurité (ANS)

Chile

 * Ministry of Interior
 * National Intelligence Agency (ANI) – Agencia Nacional de Inteligencia

People's Republic of China
Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCCPC) People's Liberation Army (PLA)
 * International Department (ID)
 * United Front Work Department (UFWD)
 * Joint Staff Department of the Central Military Commission (JSDCMC)
 * Intelligence Bureau of the Joint Staff Department (IBJSD)
 * Ministry of Public Security (MPS)
 * Ministry of State Security (MSS)
 * Office for Safeguarding National Security of the CPG in the HKSAR (CPGNSO)

Colombia

 * Dirección Nacional de Inteligencia (DNI)

Democratic Republic of the Congo

 * National Intelligence Agency (ANR)
 * General Staff of Military intelligence (ex-DEMIAP)

Croatia
Internal and Foreign Intelligence Military Intelligence
 * Sigurnosno-obavještajna agencija (SOA) (Security and Intelligence Agency)
 * Vojna sigurnosno-obavještajna agencija (VSOA) (Military Security and Intelligence Agency)

Cuba
Communist Party of Cuba (PCC) Ministry of the FAR (MINFAR) Ministry of the Interior
 * Military Counterintelligence Directorate
 * Dirección General de Inteligencia (DGI)

Cyprus

 * Cyprus Intelligence Service (CIS) (Κυπριακή Υπηρεσία Πληροφοριών)(ΚΥΠ), (former Central Intelligence Service-KYP)

Czech Republic

 * Security Information Service (Bezpečnostní informační služba, BIS)
 * Office for Foreign Relations and Information (Úřad pro zahraniční styky a informace, ÚZSI)
 * Ministry of Defence
 * Military Intelligence (Vojenské zpravodajství, VZ)

Denmark

 * Danish Security and Intelligence Service (Politiets Efterretningstjeneste (PET)).
 * Danish Defence Intelligence Service (Forsvarets Efterretningstjeneste (FE)).
 * Army Intelligence Center (Efterretningsregimentet (EFR)).

Egypt

 * Gihaz al-Mukhabarat al-Amma (GIS) (General Intelligence Service)
 * Idarat al-Mukhabarat al-Harbyya wa al-Istitla (OMIR) (Office of Military Intelligence and Reconnaissance)
 * Al-amn al-Watani (HS) (Homeland Security)

Eritrea

 * National Security Office

Estonia

 * Estonian Internal Security Service (KaPo) (Kaitsepolitseiamet)
 * Estonian Foreign Intelligence Service (VLA) (Välisluureamet)

Ethiopia

 * National Intelligence and Security Service (NISS) - (የብሔራዊ መረጃና ደህንነት አገልግሎት)
 * Information Network Security Agency (INSA) - ( የመረጃ መረብ ደህንነት አስተዳደር)

Finland

 * Ministry of Defence
 * Finnish Defence Intelligence Agency – Puolustusvoimien tiedustelulaitos (PVTIEDL) / Försvarsmaktens underrättelsetjänst
 * Defense Command Intelligence Division – Pääesikunnan tiedusteluosasto (PE TIEDOS) / Huvudstabens underrättelseavdelning)
 * Ministry of Interior
 * Finnish Security Intelligence Service (SUPO) – Suojelupoliisi / Skyddspolisen

France

 * President of France
 * National Centre for Counter Terrorism (CNRLT, Coordination nationale du renseignement et de la lutte contre le terrorisme)
 * Ministry of Interior
 * General Directorate for Internal Security (DGSI; Direction générale de la sécurité intérieure) – Domestic counter-terrorism and counter-espionage intelligence.
 * National Police
 * Central Directorate of Public Security
 * direction nationale du renseignement territorial  (DNRT)
 * Central Directorate of the Judicial Police (DCPJ; Direction centrale de la Police judiciaire) – Organised crime intelligence.
 * Sous-direction anti-terroriste (SDAT)
 * Ministry of Defence
 * Directorate-General for External Security (DGSE; Direction générale de la sécurité extérieure) – Foreign intelligence relating to national security.
 * Direction du Renseignement et de la Sécurité de la Défense (DRSD; Direction du Renseignement et de la Sécurité de la Défense) – Foreign intelligence relating to national security.
 * Directorate of Military Intelligence (DRM; Direction du renseignement militaire) – Military intelligence.
 * Ministry of Finance
 * Tracfin
 * Direction Nationale du Renseignement et des Enquêtes Douanières (DNRED)

Gambia

 * State Intelligence Services (the Gambia) (SIS)

Georgia

 * State Security Service (SSSG) − სახელმწიფო უშიშროების სამსახური
 * Georgian Intelligence Service (GIS) − საქართველოს დაზვერვის სამსახური
 * Georgian Armed Forces
 * Military Intelligence Department

Federal

 * Bundeskanzleramt: Federal Chancellery
 * Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND): Federal Intelligence Service
 * Bundesministerium des Innern (BMI): Federal Ministry of Interior
 * Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz (BfV): Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution
 * Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik (BSI): Federal Office for Information Security
 * Bundespolizei: Federal Police
 * Zentrum für Informations- und Kommunikationstechnik (IKTZ): Center for information and communication technology
 * Bundeswehr: Federal Defense Force
 * Militärischer Abschirmdienst (MAD): Military Counterintelligence Service

State

 * Landesministerium des Innern: State Ministry of the Interior (different denominations from state to state)
 * Landesamt für Verfassungsschutz (LfV): (semi-independent) State Authority for the Protection of the Constitution for every single state

Ghana

 * Bureau of National Investigations (BNI) – (Internal Intelligence Agency)

Greece

 * Prime Minister of the Hellenic Republic
 * National Intelligence Service (ΕΥΠ) – Εθνική Υπηρεσία Πληροφοριών
 * Hellenic National Defence General Staff
 * E Division – Intelligence Division

Guyana

 * National Intelligence and Security Agency (NISA)
 * Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU)

Haiti

 * Service d'Intelligence National (SIN) (National Intelligence Service)

Hungary

 * Információs Hivatal (IH) (Information Office)
 * Alkotmányvédelmi Hivatal (AH) (Constitution Protection Office)
 * Terrorelhárítási Központ (TEK) (Counter Terrorism Centre)
 * Nemzetbiztonsági Szakszolgálat (NBSZ) (Special Service for National Security)
 * Nemzeti Információs Központ (NIK) (National Information Center)

Iceland

 * The National Police Commissioner's Analysis Unit – Greiningardeild Ríkislögreglustjóra (GRLS)
 * Icelandic Defense Agency's Analysis Unit – Greiningardeild Varnarmálastofnunar Íslands (GVMSÍ) (Defunct)

India
Military Intelligence
 * External Intelligence
 * Research and Analysis Wing (RAW)
 * Internal intelligence
 * Intelligence Bureau (IB)
 * Counterterrorism
 * National Investigation Agency (NIA)
 * Technical intelligence
 * National Technical Research Organisation (NTRO)
 * Financial Intelligence
 * Directorate of Revenue Intelligence
 * Economic Intelligence Council
 * Enforcement Directorate (ED)
 * Directorate General of GST Intelligence (DGGI)
 * Defence Intelligence Agency (DIA)
 * Directorate of Military Intelligence
 * Directorate of Air Intelligence
 * Directorate of Naval Intelligence
 * Joint Cipher Bureau

Indonesia

 * Foreign/Domestic Intelligence
 * State Intelligence Agency (BIN) – Badan Intelijen Negara
 * Military Intelligence
 * Indonesian Strategic Intelligence Agency (BAIS) – Badan Intelijen Strategis Tentara Nasional Indonesia
 * Indonesian Army Intelligence Centre (PUSINTELAD) – Pusat Intelijen Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Darat
 * Signals Intelligence
 * National Cyber and Crypto Agency (BSSN) – Badan Siber dan Sandi Negara
 * Criminal Intelligence
 * Deputy Attorney General on Intelligence (Under the Attorney General's Office) – Jaksa Agung Muda Bidang Intelijen Kejaksaan Agung
 * Directorate of Immigration Intelligence – Direktorat Intelijen Imigrasi
 * National Narcotics Agency Intelligence Section – Seksi Intelijen Badan Narkotika Nasional
 * Indonesian National Police Intelligence and Security Agency - Badan Intelijen dan Keamanan Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia
 * Financial Intelligence
 * Directorate of Tax Intelligence - Direktorat Intelijen Perpajakan Direktorat Jenderal Pajak
 * Customs & Excise Sub-Directorate of Intelligence – Sub-Direktorat Intelijen Direktorat Jenderal Bea Cukai
 * Indonesian Financial Transaction Reports and Analysis Center (PPATK) – Pusat Pelaporan dan Analisis Transaksi Keuangan

Iran

 * Ministry of Intelligence (VAJA)
 * Council for Intelligence Coordination
 * Islamic Republic of Iran Army:
 * Intelligence Protection Organization of Iranian Army (SAHEFAJA)
 * Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps:
 * Intelligence Organization of IRGC
 * Intelligence Protection Organization of IRGC (SAHEFASA)
 * FARAJA
 * Intelligence org of FARAJA
 * Judicial system of the Islamic Republic of Iran
 * Intelligence org of the Islamic Republic of Iran

Iraq
Prime Minister's Office

 * Iraqi National Intelligence Service - (INIS)
 * Counter Terrorism Service - (CTS)
 * Falcons Intelligence Cell - (FIC)
 * National Security Service - (NSS)

Ministry of Defence

 * Directorate-General for Intelligence and Security (DGIS)
 * Directorate of Military Intelligence (DMI)

Ministry of Interior

 * Federal Intelligence and Investigations Agency (FIIA)

Ireland
Foreign & Domestic Military Intelligence (Defence Forces) Domestic Police Intelligence (Garda Síochána)
 * Directorate of Military Intelligence (G2)
 * Communications and Information Services Corps (CIS) SIGINT Section
 * Crime & Security Branch (CSB)
 * Special Detective Unit (SDU)
 * National Surveillance Unit (NSU)
 * Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU)

Israel

 * Mossad (Foreign Intelligence and Special Operations)
 * Shin Bet (Internal Security Service)
 * Aman (Military intelligence)
 * Lahav 433 (Police intelligence)

Italy
Dipartimento delle Informazioni per la Sicurezza (DIS) - Department of Information for Security
 * Internal Intelligence:
 * Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Interna (AISI) - Agency for Internal Information and Security
 * External Intelligence:
 * Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Esterna (AISE) - Agency for External Information and Security
 * Military Intelligence:
 * Centro Intelligence Interforze (CII) - Joint Intelligence Center

Jamaica

 * Ministry of Finance and the Public Service
 * Financial Investigations Division (FID)

Japan

 * Cabinet Secretariat
 * Cabinet Intelligence and Research Office (CIRO)
 * Joint Intelligence Council (JIC)
 * Ministry of Defense (MOD)
 * Air Intelligence Wing (作戦情報隊) (AIW)
 * Defense Intelligence Headquarters (DIH)
 * Fleet Intelligence Command (FIC)
 * JSDF Intelligence Security Command (自衛隊情報保全隊) (JISC)
 * Military Intelligence Command (MIC)
 * Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA)
 * Intelligence and Analysis Service (IAS)
 * Ministry of Justice
 * Public Security Intelligence Agency (PSIA)
 * Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT)
 * Japan Coast Guard (JCG)
 * Guard and Rescue Department (警備救難部) (GRD)
 * Security and Intelligence Division (警備情報課) (SID)
 * National Public Safety Commission (NPSC)
 * National Police Agency (NPA)
 * National Police Agency Security Bureau (NPASB)
 * Security Department (SD)
 * Foreign Affairs and Intelligence Department (FAID)
 * Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department (TMPD)
 * Public Security Bureau (PSB)

Jordan

 * General Intelligence Department (GID) - (Da’irat al-Mukhabarat al-’Ammah)

Kazakhstan

 * Foreign Intelligence Service (Kazakhstan)
 * National Security Committee (Kazakhstan)

Kenya

 * National Intelligence Service(NIS)
 * Directorate of Criminal Investigation(DCI)
 * Military Intelligence(MI)

Kyrgyzstan

 * State Committee for National Security (UKMK/GKNB)

Lebanon

 * General Directorate of General Security
 * The Information Branch
 * Lebanese State Security

Liberia

 * National Security Agency

Lithuania

 * State Security Department - (Valstybes saugumo departamentas (VSD))
 * Second Investigation Department - (Antrasis operatyvinių tarnybų departamentas (AOTD))

Luxembourg

 * Luxembourg State Intelligence Service - (Service de Renseignement de l'État Luxembourgeois)

Madagascar

 * Central Intelligence Service (CIS)

Malaysia

 * Malaysian Defence Intelligence Organisation (Military Intelligence)
 * Malaysian External Intelligence Organisation (Foreign Intelligence)
 * Malaysian Special Branch (Police & Internal Intelligence)

Mexico

 * Federal government of Mexico
 * Civilian agencies
 * Attorney General of Mexico (FGR)
 * Crime-Combat Planning, Analysis and Information Center (CENAPI / PGR – Centro de Planeación, Análisis e Información para el Combate a la Delincuencia)
 * Assistant Attorney General's Office for Special Investigations on Organized Crime (SEIDO / PGR)
 * Secretariat of the Interior (SEGOB)
 * National Commission for Security (CNS)
 * Mexican Federal Police
 * Intelligence Division of the Federal Police (Division de Inteligencia – CNS / Policia Federal)
 * National Intelligence Centre (CNI)
 * Military agencies
 * Secretariat of National Defense (SEDENA)
 * 2nd Section of the National Defense Intelligence Staff (SEDENA S-2 – Seccion 2da: Inteligencia del Estado Mayor)
 * Military Intelligence – National Defense Ministry (Inteligencia Militar – SEDENA / Ejercito y Fuerza Aerea)
 * Mexican Navy
 * Naval Intelligence - (Inteligencia Naval / SEMAR / Marina Armada)

Moldova

 * Information and Security Service (SIS)

Mongolia

 * General Intelligence Agency of Mongolia (GIA)

Montenegro

 * National Security Agency (ANB)

Morocco

 * General Directorate for Territorial Surveillance - Direction de la Surveillance du Territoire (DST)
 * Deuxième Bureau (Morocco) - Military secret service
 * Directorate of Research and Documentation - Direction Generale pour l'Etude et la Documentation (DGED)

Myanmar

 * Office of the Chief of Military Security Affairs (OCMSA)
 * Bureau Of Special Investigation (BSI)
 * Special Intelligence Department (SID)

Namibia

 * Namibia Central Intelligence Service (NCIS)

Nepal

 * Directorate of Military Intelligence (DMI)
 * National Investigation Department (NID)

Netherlands

 * General Intelligence and Security Service - Algemene Inlichtingen en Veiligheidsdienst (AIVD)
 * Military Intelligence and Security Service - Militaire Inlichtingen en Veiligheidsdienst (MIVD)
 * Joint Sigint Cyber Unit (JSCU)
 * National Coordinator for Counterterrorism and Security - Nationaal Coördinator Terrorismebestrijding en Veiligheid (NCTV)
 * Royal Marechaussee - Koninklijke Marechaussee
 * Team Criminal Intelligence (KMar-TCI)
 * Fiscal Information and Investigation Service - Fiscale Inlichtingen en Opsporingsdienst (FIOD-ECD)
 * Team Criminal Intelligence (FIOD-TCI)

New Zealand

 * Government Communications Security Bureau
 * New Zealand Security Intelligence Service
 * National Assessments Bureau

Nigeria

 * National Intelligence Agency (Foreign Intelligence and Counterintelligence)
 * Defence Intelligence Agency (Military Intelligence)
 * State Security Service (Internal Security)

North Korea

 * Reconnaissance General Bureau
 * Ministry of State Security

North Macedonia

 * Administration for Security and Counterintelligence (Uprava za bezbednost i kontrarazuznavanje) (Police Agency)
 * Intelligence Agency (Agencija za Razuznavanje) (Civilian Agency) IA
 * Military Service for Security and Intelligence (Voena služba za razuznuvanje i bezbednost) (Military Agency)

Norway

 * Nasjonal sikkerhetsmyndighet (NSM) (National Security Authority)
 * Politiets sikkerhetstjeneste (PST) (Police Security Service)
 * Etterretningstjenesten (NIS) (Norwegian Intelligence Service)
 * Forsvarets sikkerhetstjeneste (FOST) – Norwegian Defence Security Service (NORDSS)

Oman

 * The Palace Office [Foreign Intelligence]
 * Internal Security Service [Internal Security]

Pakistan
National Intelligence Coordination Committee (NICC)
 * External Intelligence
 * Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI)
 * Defence Intelligence
 * Air Intelligence (AI)
 * Military Intelligence (MI)
 * Naval Intelligence (NI)
 * Internal Intelligence
 * Intelligence Bureau (IB)
 * Federal Investigation Agency (FIA)
 * National Counter Terrorism Authority (NACTA)
 * Counter Terrorism Department (CTD)
 * Special Branch (Pakistan)
 * Economic Intelligence & Securities
 * Federal Board of Revenue (FBR)
 * Directorate-General of Intelligence and Investigation (DGII)
 * Financial Monitoring Unit (FMU)
 * National Accountability Bureau (NAB)
 * Other Intelligence
 * Anti-Narcotics Force (ANF)

Palestine

 * Palestinian Security Services
 * Palestinian Preventive Security (internal security)
 * Palestinian National Security Forces

Panama

 * National Police Intelligence Directorate (DNIP) – Dirección Nacional de Inteligencia Policial
 * General Directorate of Analysis and Strategic Intelligence - Direccion General de Analisis e Inteligencia Estrategica (DGAIE)
 * National Intelligence and Security Service - Servicio Nacional de Inteligencia y Seguridad (SENIS)

Papua New Guinea

 * National Intelligence Organization (NIO)

Peru

 * National Directorate of Intelligence - Dirección Nacional de Inteligencia (DINI)

Philippines

 * National Intelligence Coordinating Agency (NICA) – Pambansang Ahensiya sa Ugnayang Intelihensiya
 * National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) – Pambansang Kawanihan ng Pagsisiyasat

Poland

 * Foreign Intelligence Agency - Agencja Wywiadu (AW)
 * Internal Security Agency - Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego (ABW)
 * Military Intelligence Service - Służba Wywiadu Wojskowego (SWW)
 * Military Counter-intelligence Service - Służba Kontrwywiadu Wojskowego (SKW)
 * Operations and Investigations Directorate of the Border Guard Headquarters - Zarząd Operacyjno-Śledczy Komendy Głównej Straży Granicznej (KGSG, ZOŚ, KGSG)

Portugal

 * Intelligence System of the Portuguese Republic - Sistema de Informações da República Portuguesa (SIRP)
 * Security Intelligence Service - Serviço de Informações de Segurança (SIS)
 * Defense Strategic Intelligence Service - Serviço de Informações Estratégicas de Defesa (SIED)
 * Military Intelligence and Security Service - Centro de Informações e Segurança Militares (CISMIL)

Qatar

 * Qatar State Security

Romania

 * Romanian Intelligence Service (SRI) – Serviciul Român de Informații
 * Foreign Intelligence Service (SIE) – Serviciul de Informații Externe
 * Special Telecommunication Service (STS) – Serviciul de Telecomunicații Speciale
 * Ministry of National Defence
 * General Directorate for Defense Intelligence (DGIA) – Direcția Generală de Informații a Apărării
 * Ministry of Internal Affairs
 * General Directorate for Internal Security (DGPI) – Direcția Generală de Protecție Internă

Russia

 * Federal Security Service (FSB) – Федеральная служба безопасности
 * Main Directorate of Special Programs of the President of the Russian Federation (GUSP) – Главное управление специальных программ Президента Российской Федерации
 * Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia) (SVR) – Служба Внешней Разведки
 * Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) – Главное Разведывательное Управление
 * Federal Protective Service (FSO) – Федеральная служба охраны
 * Special Communications Service of Russia – Служба специальной связи и информации

Rwanda

 * National Intelligence and Security Service (Rwanda)

Saudi Arabia

 * Council of Political and Security Affairs (CPSA) – مجلس الشؤون السياسية والأمنية
 * General Intelligence Presidency (GIP) – رئاسة الاستخبارات العامة
 * Presidency of State Security (PSS) – رئاسة أمن الدولة
 * Mabahith (GDI) – المباحث العامة
 * Saudi Arabia Ministry of Defense (MOD) – وزارة الدفاع
 * Saudi Arabia Border Guards Intelligence Directorate – استخبارات حرس الحدود
 * The National Cyber Security Commission (NCSC) – الهيئة الوطنية للأمن السيبراني

Serbia
Civil Security and Intelligence Military Security and Intelligence
 * Security Intelligence Agency – Безбедносно-информативна агенција (BIA)
 * Military Security Agency – Војнобезбедносна агенција (VBA)
 * Military Intelligence Agency – Војнообавештајна агенција (VOA)

Singapore
Ministry of Defense (MINDEF) Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA)
 * Security and Intelligence Division (SID)

 * Internal Security Department (ISD)

Slovakia

 * Slovak Information Service - Slovenská informačná služba (SIS)
 * Military Intelligence - Vojenské spravodajstvo
 * National Security Bureau - Národný bezpečnostný úrad (NBÚ)

Slovenia

 * Slovenian Intelligence and Security Agency - Slovenska Obveščevalno-Varnostna Agencija (SOVA)
 * Intelligence and Security Service of Slovenian Ministry of Defence - Obveščevalno Varnostna Služba (OVS)
 * General Staff SAF – Section for intelligence matters – J2 - General štab SV – Sektor za obveščevalne zadeve – J2 (GŠSV-J2)

Somalia

 * National Intelligence and Security Agency (NISA)

South Africa

 * State Security Agency (SSA)
 * South African National Defence Force, Intelligence Division (SANDF-ID)
 * Crime Intelligence Division, South African Police Service

South Korea

 * National Intelligence Service (NIS)
 * Ministry of National Defense (MND)
 * Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA)
 * Defence Intelligence Command (DIC)
 * Defense Counterintelligence Command (DCC)

Spain

 * Ministry of the Presidency
 * Department of Homeland Security (DSN)
 * Ministry of Defence
 * National Intelligence Centre (CNI)
 * National Cryptologic Center - (Centro Criptológico Nacional) (CCN)
 * Spanish Armed Forces
 * Armed Forces Intelligence Center (CIFAS)
 * Joint Cyberspace Command (MCCE)
 * Ministry of the Interior
 * Intelligence Center for Counter-Terrorism and Organized Crime - (Centro de Inteligencia contra el Terrorismo y el Crimen Organizado) (CITCO)
 * National Police Corps - (Cuerpo Nacional de Policia)
 * Technological Research Brigade (BIT)
 * General Commissariat of Information - (Comisaría General de la Información) (CGI)
 * General Commissariat of Judiciary Police - (Comisaría General de Policía Judicial) (CGPJ)

Sri Lanka

 * State Intelligence Service (Sri Lanka)
 * Sri Lanka Police
 * Special Branch/bureau
 * Terrorist Investigation Division
 * Criminal Investigation Department (Sri Lanka)
 * Financial Crimes Investigation Division
 * Sri Lanka Army
 * Directorate of Military Intelligence (Sri Lanka)
 * Military Intelligence Corps (Sri Lanka)
 * Sri Lanka Navy
 * Department of Naval Intelligence
 * Sri Lanka Air Force
 * Directorate of Air Intelligence
 * Central Bank of Sri Lanka
 * Financial Intelligence Unit (Sri Lanka),

Sudan

 * General Intelligence Service

Sweden

 * Swedish Military Intelligence and Security Service – Militära underrättelse - och säkerhetstjänsten (MUST)
 * Office for Special Acquisition – Kontoret för särskild inhämtning (KSI)
 * National Defence Radio Establishment – Försvarets Radioanstalt (FRA)
 * Swedish Security Service – Säkerhetspolisen (Säpo)

Switzerland

 * Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sports
 * Federal Intelligence Service - Nachrichtendienst des Bundes (NDB)
 * Swiss Armed Forces
 * Military Intelligence Service - Militärischer Nachrichtendienst (MND)

Syria
National Security Bureau
 * Air Force Intelligence Directorate
 * General Intelligence Directorate
 * Political Security Directorate
 * Military Intelligence Directorate

Taiwan

 * National Security Council (NSC)
 * National Security Bureau (NSB)
 * Ministry of Justice
 * Investigation Bureau (MJIB)
 * Ministry of the Interior
 * National Police Agency (NPA)
 * Ministry of Defense
 * Military Police Command (ROCMP)
 * Military Intelligence Bureau (MIB)

Tajikistan

 * State Committee for National Security (SCNS) – Кумитаи давлатии амнияти милли (КДАМ)/Государственный комитет национальной безопасности (ГКНБ)

Tanzania

 * Tanzania Intelligence and Security Service (TISS)

Thailand

 * Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA)
 * News Division
 * Ministry of Interior (MOI)
 * Department of Provincial Administration (DOPA)
 * Internal Security Affairs Bureau (ISAB)
 * Ministry of Justice (MOJ)
 * Department of Special Investigation (DSI)
 * Bureau of Intelligence (BI)
 * Office of the Narcotics Control Board (ONCB)
 * Intelligence Bureau (IB)
 * Ministry of Defence (MOD)
 * Armed Forces Security Center (AFSC)
 * Army Military Intelligence Command (AMIC)
 * Department of Border Affair (DBA)
 * Directorate of Joint Intelligence (DJI)
 * Directorate of Intelligence Royal Thai Army (DINTRTA)
 * Directorate of Intelligence, RTAF (INTELLRTAF)
 * Naval Intelligence Department (NID)
 * Office of the Prime Minister (OPM)
 * Anti-Money Laundering Office (AMLO)
 * Financial Intelligence Division (FID)
 * Internal Security Operations Command (ISOC)
 * National Intelligence Agency (NIA)
 * National Intelligence Cooperating Center (NICC)
 * Royal Thai Police (RTP)
 * Drug Intelligence Division (DID)
 * Special Branch Bureau (SBB)

Trinidad & Tobago

 * Strategic Services Agency (SSA)
 * Ministry of National Security
 * Trinidad & Tobago Police Service (TTPS)
 * Organised Crime and Intelligence Unit
 * Financial Intelligence Unit Trinidad and Tobago (FIUTT)

Turkey

 * President of Turkey
 * National Intelligence Organization (MİT)
 * Ministry of the Interior
 * Department of Smuggling, Intelligence, Operations and Information Collection (intelligence coordination)
 * Emniyet Genel Müdürlüğü (General Directorate of Security)
 * Emniyet Genel Müdürlüğü İstihbarat Başkanlığı (Intelligence Directorate)
 * Terörle Mücadele Dairesi Başkanlığı(TEM) (Anti-Terrorism Department)
 * Gendarmerie General Command
 * Gendarmerie intelligence Directorate (law enforcement)
 * Coast Guard Command
 * Coast Guard Intelligence Directorate (law enforcement)
 * Ministry of National Defense
 * General Staff Intelligence Directorate (military intelligence)
 * Army Intelligence Department (military intelligence)
 * navy Intelligence Department (military intelligence)
 * Air Force Intelligence Department (military intelligence)

Turkmenistan

 * Ministry for National Security (MNS)

Ukraine

 * Central Intelligence Directorate – Holovne Upravlinnya Rozvidky (HUR)
 * Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine – Sluzhba Zovnishnioyi Rozvidky Ukrayiny (SZR or SZRU)
 * State Bureau of Investigation – Derzhavne Biuro Rozsliduvan (DBR)
 * Security Service of Ukraine – Sluzhba Bezpeky Ukrayiny (SBU)

United Arab Emirates

 * Signals Intelligence Agency (SIA)

United Kingdom

 * Joint Intelligence Organisation (JIO) – Joint intelligence analysis.

Domestic intelligence
 * Security Service/MI5 – Domestic counter terrorism and counter espionage intelligence gathering and analysis.
 * Office for Security and Counter-Terrorism (OSCT) – Counter terrorism and protecting critical national infrastructure.
 * National Domestic Extremism and Disorder Intelligence Unit (NDEDIU) – Domestic counter extremism and public disorder intelligence gathering and analysis.
 * National Ballistics Intelligence Service (NBIS) – Illegal firearms intelligence analysis.
 * National Fraud Intelligence Bureau (NFIB) – Economic crime intelligence gathering and analysis.

Foreign intelligence
 * Secret Intelligence Service (SIS)/MI6 – Foreign intelligence gathering and analysis.
 * Defence Intelligence (DI) – Military intelligence analysis.

Signals intelligence
 * Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) – Signals intelligence gathering and analysis.

Criminal Intelligence and Protected Persons
 * National Crime Agency (NCA) – Organised crime intelligence gathering and analysis. Agency utilizes Unexplained wealth orders and the Investigatory Powers Act 2016. NCA officers are posted overseas in around 50 countries. They operate the UK Protected Persons Service, which includes witness protection.
 * Gangmasters and Labour Abuse Authority - Human trafficking, slavery, economic, and serious organised crime.

United States

 * Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI)
 * Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
 * United States Department of Defense (DOD)
 * Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA)
 * National Security Agency (NSA)
 * National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA)
 * National Reconnaissance Office (NRO)
 * Military Intelligence Corps (MIC)
 * Marine Corps Intelligence (MCI)
 * Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI)
 * Sixteenth Air Force (16 AF)
 * Space Delta 18 (DEL 18)
 * United States Department of Energy (DOE)
 * Office of Intelligence and Counterintelligence (OICI)
 * United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
 * Coast Guard Intelligence (CGI)
 * DHS Office of Intelligence and Analysis (I&A)
 * United States Department of Justice (DOJ)
 * DEA Office of National Security Intelligence (ONSI)
 * Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
 * FBI Intelligence Branch (IB)
 * United States Department of State (DOS)
 * Bureau of Intelligence and Research (IR)
 * United States Department of the Treasury (USDT)
 * Office of Terrorism and Financial Intelligence (TFI)

Uruguay

 * National State Intelligence System - Sistema Nacional de Inteligencia de Estado (SNIE)
 * State Secretariat of Strategic Intelligence - Secretaría de Inteligencia Estratégica de Estado (SIEE)
 * National Police of Uruguay
 * National Directorate of Information and Intelligence - Dirección Nacional de Información e Inteligencia (DNII)

Uzbekistan

 * State Security Service - Davlat Xavfsizlik Xizmati (DXX)/ Служба государственной безопасности (СГБ)

Venezuela

 * Bolivarian National Intelligence Service - Servicio Bolivariano de Inteligencia (SEBIN)
 * Directorate General of Military Intelligence – Dirección General de Contrainteligencia Militar (DGCIM)

Vietnam

 * Ministry of National Defence
 * General Department of Defence Intelligence (GDDI)/General Department II - Tổng cục Tình báo Quốc phòng (TBQP)/Tổng cục II (TC2)
 * Ministry of Public Security
 * Department of Information Processing and Intelligence Support (B01)/Cục Xử lý tin và hỗ trợ tình báo (B01)
 * Asia Intelligence Bureau (B02)/Cục Tình báo châu Á (B02)
 * US, Europe, Africa Intelligence Service (B03)/Cục Tình báo Mỹ - Âu - Phi (B03)
 * Bureau of Secret Intelligence (B04)/Cục Tình báo phương thức mật (B04)
 * Bureau of Economic, Scientific, Technical and Environmental Intelligence (B05)/Cục Tình báo kinh tế, khoa học, kỹ thuật và môi trường(B05)

Yemen

 * Political Security Organization (PSO)
 * National Security Bureau (NSB)

Zimbabwe

 * Central Intelligence Organisation (CIO)

European Union

 * European Union Intelligence Centre (EU INTCEN)
 * Counter Terrorism Group (CTG)
 * European Union Military Staff (EUMS)
 * European Union Satellite Centre (EU SatCen)

Shanghai Cooperation Organisation

 * Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: List of intelligence agencies