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Austen Chamberlain

Sir Joseph Austen Chamberlain (16 October 1863 – 17 March 1937) was a British statesman and winner of the Nobel Peace Prize.

1910s

 * The combination of the Liberal and Labour Parties is much stronger than the Liberal Party would be if there were no third Party in existence. Many men who would in that case have voted for us voted on this occasion as the Labour Party told them i.e. for the Liberals. The Labour Party has "come to stay"...the existence of the third Party deprives us of the full benefits of the 'swing of the pendulum', introduces a new element into politics and confronts us with a new difficulty.
 * Late 1910s, quoted in E. H. H. Green, The Crisis of Conservatism (1996), p. 141

1920s

 * [I believe in] the throne...parliamentary institutions...private enterprise and individual opinion against the socialization of the state...equity in the distribution of public burdens and strict maintenance of public faith with the creditors of the state [and] a fresh guarantee of peace by an alliance with France and...Belgium for the defence of our common interests against unprovoked attack.
 * Speech to the Oxford Carlton Club (3 March 1922), quoted in Maurice Cowling, The Impact of Labour, 1920-1924: The Beginnings of Modern British Politics (1971), p. 147

 * The danger which threatens us comes from Labour... Those who think that the Conservative or Unionist Party, standing as such and disavowing its Liberal allies, could return with a working majority are living in a fools paradise and, if they persist, may easily involve themselves and the country in dangers the outcome of which it is hard to predict.
 * Letter to Parker Smith (11 October 1922), quoted in Maurice Cowling, The Impact of Labour, 1920-1924: The Beginnings of Modern British Politics (1971), p. 181

 * The first thoughts of an Englishman on appointment to the office of Foreign Secretary must be that he speaks in the name, not of Great Britain only, but of the British Dominions beyond the seas, and that it is his imperative duty to preserve in word and act the diplomatic unity of the British Empire. Our interests are one. Our intercourse must be intimate and constant, and we must speak with one voice in the Councils of the world.
 * 1924. Quoted in H. Blair Neatby, William Lyon Mackenzie King (1963), p. 40

 * The affairs of the world do not stand still...I could not go, as the representative of His Majesty's Government, to meeting after meeting of the League of Nations, to conference after conference with the representatives of foreign countries, and say, "Great Britain is without a policy. We have not yet been able to meet all the Governments of the Empire, and we can do nothing." That might be possible for an Empire wholly removed from Europe, which existed in a different hemisphere. It was not possible for an Empire the heart of which lies in Europe and next door to the Continent of Europe, and where every peril to the peace of Europe jeopardised the peace of this country.
 * Speech in the House of Commons (18 November 1925).

 * No British Government ever will and ever can risk the bones of a British grenadier.
 * Letter to Sir Eyre Crowe on the Polish Corridor (16 February 1925), quoted in Keith Middlemas and John Barnes, Baldwin: A Biography (1969), p. 356

 * We have a peculiar interest because the true defence of our country, owing to scientific development, is now no longer the Channel...but upon the Rhine.
 * Speech at the Imperial Conference, 1926.

 * Scratch me and you will find the Nonconformist.
 * 1927. Quoted in Sir Charles Petrie, The Life and Letters of Sir Austen Chamberlain: Vol. II (1940), p. 321

1930s

 * Revision is a dangerous word. Revision should never appear, I venture to think, in the mouth of a statesman or in the policy of a Government until they are prepared to define very closely the limits within which they think revision should take place. The long history of this country has in one sense been a history of the revision of Treaties. We have revised and revised and what have we got for it? What concession once made has any longer kept the value it had before it was revised? Of which of these concessions can it be said at this present moment that it has tempered feeling in Germany, that it has produced that friendly spirit that those who made it desired to promote? What is passing in Germany seems to me to render this a singularly inopportune moment to talk about the revision of Treaties.
 * Speech in the House of Commons questioning revisions of the Treaty of Versailles (13 April 1933)

 * I beg the right hon. Gentleman to beware of what he is doing. After all, we stand for something in this country. Our traditions count, for our own people, for Europe and for the world. Europe is menaced and Germany is afflicted by this narrow, exclusive, aggressive spirit, by which it is a crime to be in favour of peace and a crime to be a Jew. That is not a Germany to which we can afford to make concessions. That is not a Germany to which Europe can afford to give the equality of which the Prime Minister spoke.
 * Speech in the House of Commons (13 April 1933)

 * No country is more exposed to danger than ours. We will all do our best, wherever we sit in this House, according to our lights, to preserve peace, but we can none of us guarantee it by fine phrases; we can none of us guarantee that the whole of the nations will combine in case of aggression. If war breaks out, if we become the victims of aggression or become involved in a struggle, and if the hon. Member for Limehouse (Mr. Attlee) and his friends be sitting on the Government bench while London is bombed, do you think he will hold the language that he held to-day? Do you think that that is the defence he will make? If he does, he will be one of the first victims of the war, for he will be strung up by an angry, and a justifiably angry, populace to the nearest lamp-post.
 * Speech in the House of Commons (11 March 1935)

 * It is all very well for the hon. Member for Limehouse and the right hon. Member for Darwen to paint the horrors of war, or, rather, for the right hon. Member for Darwen—the hon. Member for Limehouse did not descend to that—to draw pictures of what you might do with the money that you could save if only you kept your Army in barracks in their present inadequate condition, if only you left your Air Force insufficient for the protection even of this capital, if only you left your Navy without any sort of protection against aircraft bombing. It is all very well to do that, but the country will not accept those excuses or those picas if the day of trial comes. It is the business of this House, of men of courage in it, to tell the country the truth, to call upon them to bear these sacrifices, to tell them that they are necessary for our own defence, and that our membership of the League of Nations, our promises to contribute to collective security, and our guarantees under Locarno, are worthless unless we put our forces in a proper condition and maintain a strength comparable to the dangers which we may have to meet.
 * Speech in the House of Commons (11 March 1935)

 * Gentlemen do not behave in such a way.
 * On the Hoare-Laval Pact (1935). Quoted in Harold Macmillan Winds of Change (1966), pp. 411-412

 * I wonder how many members can realise what [the remilitarisation of the Rhineland] means not merely to the excited politicians in Paris, but to the French peasant in his hovel, to the mother who feels that once again the...peril has come near and that once again her children will be mowed down by the scythe of war.
 * Speech in the House of Commons (6 May 1936)

Quotes about Chamberlain

 * Warm-hearted, considerate and generous...incapable of a mean action and conscientious to a fault.
 * Anthony Eden, The Eden Memoirs: Facing the Dictators (1962), p. 7

 * Chamberlain is a Liberal.
 * David Lloyd George's remarks to C. P. Scott (23 October 1922), quoted in The Political Diaries of C. P. Scott, 1911–1928, ed. Trevor Wilson (1970), p. 429

 * His was rather the excellence of character than of capacity.
 * David Lloyd George's remarks to Frances Stevenson (17 March 1937), quoted in Frances Stevenson, Lloyd George: A Diary, ed. A. J. P. Taylor (1971), p. 326

 * It was cruelly said of Austen Chamberlain that he always played the game and always lost it. But that is really a tribute to his deep sense of honour and loyalty.
 * Harold Macmillan, Winds of Change (1966), p. 174

 * Austen Chamberlain did not seem to me to be a man of first-rate mind, but he obviously possessed high character and the sort of disinterested goodness and amateur methods that now and then have enabled British statesmen to play notable roles in negotiations with foreign diplomats, even when the latter have been armed with subtler minds and the traditional techniques.
 * Vincent Massey, What's Past is Prologue (1963), p. 113

 * The most famous and significant conference of the 1920s took place at Locarno, on Lake Maggiore in northern Italy, in October 1925. The principals were the foreign ministers of Britain, France and Germany—Austen Chamberlain, Aristide Briand and Gustav Stresemann. Their great achievements were to guarantee the Rhineland borders of France and Germany and to bring Germany into the League of Nations. The so-called spirit of Locarno became a benchmark for diplomacy. In retrospect, however, Locarno looks more ambiguous. Stresemann had succeeded in bringing Germany in from the cold without abandoning any of its demands for lost territory in the east. These demands, particularly over Poland, were to prove the fuel for the next war.
 * David Reynolds, Summits: Six Meetings that Changed the Twentieth Century (2007), pp. 31-32
 * But at the time praise was showered on Chamberlain for brokering the deal. On his return from Locarno, he received a special welcome at Victoria Station and, in further similarity to Disraeli in 1878, was immediately made a Knight of the Garter. Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin praised him for resolving an issue that had “so far defied the efforts of every statesman since the war.” One of Baldwin’s predecessors, Lord Arthur Balfour, said that Chamberlain’s name would be “indissolubly associated” with this probable “turning point in civilisation.” A few months later Chamberlain was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. For a politician who had grown up in the shadow of his famous father, “Radical Joe,” it was an intoxicating apotheosis. “I am astonished and a little frightened by the completeness of my success and by its immediate recognition everywhere,” Chamberlain told his sister On October 22, 1925, he dined alone with his younger half-brother Neville, who noted in his diary that Austen "talked almost without stopping from 8 till 11.00 on Locarno. Very naturally, perhaps, the rest of the world does not exist for him . . . Looking back he felt that no mistake had been made from beginning to end." Neville found it hard to conceal his envy at Austen’s success. Nor, as we shall see, did he forget it.
 * David Reynolds, Summits: Six Meetings that Changed the Twentieth Century (2007), p. 32

title: Austen Chamberlain


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User talk:24.227.121.82

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User talk:Kparkinson~enwikiquote

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Kai Parkinson
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User talk:Pdpendle

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User talk:Oldwindybear~enwikiquote

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 * LrdChaos Thank you! :)Oldwindybear 00:42, 24 June 2006 (UTC)

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User talk:Coreybower

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Anna Akhmatova

Anna Andreevna Gorenko [А́нна Андре́евна Горе́нко] (23 June {11 June O.S.} 1889 - 5 March 1966) was a Russian poet, known primarily by her pen name Anna Akhmatova [А́нна Ахма́това]. Her work was condemned and censored by Soviet authorities and she notably chose not to emigrate, but remained in Russia, acting as witness to the difficulties of living and writing in the shadow of Stalinism.

Quotes

 * There have been numerous translations of Akhmatova's poems into English, with some variation in the titles of poems or their sections. The date of publication of her later works is often many years or decades after their composition.

 * O let the organ, many-voiced, sing boldly, O let it roar like spring's first thunderstorm! My half-closed eyes over your young bride's shoulder Will meet your eyes just once and then no more.
 * Translated by Irina Zheleznova

 * I go forth to seek — To seek and claim the lovely magic garden Where grasses softly sigh and Muses speak.
 * Translated by Irina Zheleznova

 * You thought I was that type: That you could forget me, And that I'd plead and weep And throw myself under the hooves of a bay mare...
 * "You Thought I Was That Type"

 * Damn you! I will not grant your cursed soul Vicarious tears or a single glance. And I swear to you by the garden of the angels, I swear by the miracle-working icon, And by the fire and smoke of our nights: I will never come back to you.
 * "You Thought I Was That Type"

 * I don't know if you're alive or dead. Can you on earth be sought, Or only when the sunsets fade Be mourned serenely in my thought?
 * "I Don't Know If You're Alive Or Dead" (1915)

 * No-one was more cherished, no-one tortured Me more, not Even the one who betrayed me to torture, Not even the one who caressed me and forgot.
 * "I Don't Know If You're Alive Or Dead" (1915)

 * Why is this century worse than those others? Maybe, because, in sadness and alarm, It only touched the blackest of the ulcers, But couldn't heal it in its span of time.
 * "Why is this century worse than those others?" (1919), translated by Yevgeny Bonver (2000)

 * All has been looted, betrayed, sold; black death's wing flashed ahead.
 * "Looted" (1921), as translated by Dmitri Obolensky

 * You will hear thunder and remember me, And think: she wanted storms. The rim Of the sky will be the colour of hard crimson, And your heart, as it was then, will be on fire.
 * "You will hear thunder and remember me...", translated by D. M. Thomas
 * There will be thunder then. Remember me. Say 'She asked for storms.' The entire world will turn the colour of crimson stone, and your heart, as then, will turn to fire.
 * "Thunder," translated by A.S.Kline

 * That day in Moscow, it will all come true, when, for the last time, I take my leave, And hasten to the heights that I have longed for, Leaving my shadow still to be with you.
 * "You will hear thunder and remember me...", translated by D. M. Thomas
 * That day, in Moscow, a true prophecy, when for the last time I say goodbye, soaring to the heavens that I longed to see, leaving my shadow here in the sky.
 * "Thunder," translated by A.S.Kline

 * A multi-colored crowd streaked about, and suddenly all was totally changed. It wasn't the usual city racket. It came from a strange land.
 * "The First Long Range Artillery Fire On Leningrad," translation by Daniela Gioseffi (1993)

 * Natural thunder heralds the wetness of fresh water high clouds to quench the thirst of fields gone dry and parched, a messenger of blessed rain, but this was as dry as hell must be. My distraught perception refused to believe it, because of the insane suddenness with which it sounded, swelled and hit, and how casually it came to murder my child.
 * "The First Long Range Artillery Fire On Leningrad," translated by Daniela Gioseffi (1993)

 * Give me bitter years of sickness, Suffocation, insomnia, fever, Take my child and my lover, And my mysterious gift of song — This I pray at your liturgy After so many tormented days, So that the stormcloud over darkened Russia Might become a cloud of glorious rays.
 * "Prayer," translated by Judith Hemschemeyer in Complete Poems of Anna Akhmatova (1989)

 * Now no one will listen to songs. The prophesied days have begun. Latest poem of mine, the world has lost its wonder, Don't break my heart, don't ring out.
 * "Now no one will listen to songs..." from Plantain (1921), translated by Richard McKane

 * I am not one of those who left the land to the mercy of its enemies. Their flattery leaves me cold, my songs are not for them to praise.
 * I am not one of those who left the land..." (1922), translated in Poems of Akhmatova (1973) by Stanley Kunitz and Max Hayward

 * But here, in the murk of conflagration, where scarcely a friend is left to know we, the survivors, do not flinch from anything, not from a single blow. Surely the reckoning will be made after the passing of this cloud. We are the people without tears, straighter than you … more proud...
 * I am not one of those who left the land..." (1922), translated in Poems of Akhmatova (1973) by Stanley Kunitz and Max Hayward

 * Sweet to me was not the voice of man, But the wind's voice was understood by me. The burdocks and the nettles fed my soul, But I loved the silver willow best of all.
 * "Willow" (1940)

 * Each of our lives is a Shakespearean drama raised to the thousandth degree. Mute separations, mute black, bloody events in every family. Invisible mourning worn by mothers and wives. Now the arrested are returning, and two Russias stare each other in the eyes: the ones that put them in prison and the ones who were put in prison. A new epoch has begun. You and I will wait for it together.
 * Remarks to her friend Lydia Chukovskaya (March 1956), as quoted in Joseph Stalin : A Biographical Companion (1999) by Helen Rappaport, p. 2

 * The sand as white as old bones, the pine trees strangely red where the sun comes down. I cannot say if it is our love, or the day, that is ending.
 * Departures (1964), translated by Michael Cuanach

In Memory of M. B.

 * A poem dedictated to Mikhail Bulgakov - Full text online : From Poems of Akhmatova (1973), translated and introduced by Stanley Kunitz with Max Hayward

 * You lived aloof, maintaining to the end your magnificent disdain.

 * Now you're gone, and nobody says a word about your troubled and exalted life. Only my voice, like a flute, will mourn at your dumb funeral feast.

 * Oh, who would have dared believe that half-crazed I, I, sick with grief for the buried past, I, smoldering on a slow fire, having lost everything and forgotten all, would be fated to commemorate a man so full of strength and will and bright inventions, who only yesterday it seems, chatted with me, hiding the tremor of his mortal pain.

Lot's Wife

 * A poem on the biblical account of Lot's wife - Full text online : From Poems of Akhmatova (1973) translated and introduced by Stanley Kunitz with Max Hayward

 * And the just man trailed God's shining agent, over a black mountain, in his giant track, while a restless voice kept harrying his woman: "It's not too late, you can still look back at the red towers of your native Sodom, the square where once you sang, the spinning-shed, at the empty windows set in the tall house where sons and daughters blessed your marriage-bed."
 * The just man followed then his angel guide Where he strode on the black highway, hulking and bright; But a wild grief in his wife's bosom cried, Look back, it is not too late for a last sight Of the red towers of your native Sodom, the square Where once you sang, the gardens you shall mourn, And the tall house with empty windows where You loved your husband and your babes were born.
 * Translator unknown

 * Who will grieve for this woman? Does she not seem too insignificant for our concern? Yet in my heart I never will deny her, who suffered death because she chose to turn.
 * Who'll mourn her as one of Lot's family members? Doesn't she seem the smallest of losses to us? But deep in my heart I will always remember One who gave her life up for one single glance.
 * Translated by Tanya Karshtedt (1996)
 * A loss, but who still mourns the breath of one woman, or laments one wife? Though my heart never can forget, how, for one look, she gave up her life.
 * Translated by A.S.Kline
 * Who would waste tears upon her? Is she not The least of our losses, this unhappy wife? Yet in my heart she will not be forgot Who, for a single glance, gave up her life.
 * Translator unknown

Thinking Of The Sun (1911)

 * As translated by Michael Cuanach

 * Thinking of the sun causes quick beating of my heart — snowy weather comes on the wind lightly drifting.

spread her transparent fan perhaps it were better that I not be your wife.
 * The silvery tree opens to an empty sky — maybe it is better that I am not your husband.
 * Variant translations:
 * The willow in the empty sky
 * "Memory of the Sun" (alternate translation by Paula Goodman)

What is this? Darkness? Maybe! — During the night comes winter.
 * Thinking of the sun makes my heart beat faster — too fast! What darkness! From this night winter begins.
 * Variant translations:
 * Memory of sun fades in my heart
 * "Memory of the Sun" (alternate translation by Paula Goodman)

The Guest (1914)

 * Full text online: Translated by Carl R. Proffer. From The Silver Age of Russian Culture (1975), edited by Carl Poffer and Ellendea Proffer

 * All as before: against the dining-room windows Beats the scattered windswept snow, And I have not changed either, But a man came to me. I asked: "What do you want?" He replied: "To be with you in Hell." I laughed: "Oh, you'll foredoom Us both to disaster."

 * But lifting his dry hand He lightly touched the flowers: "Tell me how men kiss you, Tell me how you kiss men."

 * Not a single muscle quivered On his radiantly evil face. Oh, I know: his delight Is the tense and passionate knowledge That he needs nothing, That I can refuse him nothing.

As a White Stone... (1916)

 * Translated by Yevgeny Bonver (August 2000) Full text online

 * As a white stone in the well's cool deepness, There lays in me one wonderful remembrance. I am not able and don't want to miss this: It is my torture and my utter gladness. I think, that he whose look will be directed Into my eyes, at once will see it whole.

 * I knew: the gods turned once, in their madness, Men into things, not killing humane senses. You've been turned in to my reminiscences To make eternal the unearthly sadness.

Red Winged Birds (1917)

 * As translated by Michael Cuanach

 * I hear always the sad voices of summer passing like red winged birds over the high grass

 * I do not need your loving words or hurried kiss as night comes down in the place where we once lived innocent as children, and happier.

White Flock (1917)

 * We aged a hundred years, and this happened in a single hour: the short summer had already died, the body of the ploughed plains smoked.
 * "In Memoriam, July 19, 1914"

 * We thought: we're poor, we have nothing, but when we started losing one after the other so each day became remembrance day, we started composing poems about God's great generosity and — our former riches.
 * "We thought: we're poor"
 * We thought we were beggars, we thought we had nothing at all But then when we started to lose one thing after another, Each day became A memorial day - And then we made songs Of great divine generosity And of our former riches.
 * Translated by Ilya Shambat (2001)

"This Cruel Age has deflected me..." (1944)

 * Translated in Poems of Akhmatova (1973) by Stanley Kunitz and Max Hayward

 * This cruel age has deflected me, like a river from this course. Strayed from its familiar shores, my changeling life has flowed into a sister channel. How many spectacles I've missed: the curtain rising without me, and falling too. How many friends I never had the chance to meet.

 * I know beginnings, I know endings too, and life-in-death, and something else I'd rather not recall just now.

 * The grave I go to will not be my own. But if I could step outside myself and contemplate the person that I am, I should know at last what envy is.

Poem without a Hero (1963)

 * Translated in Poems of Akhmatova (1973) by Stanley Kunitz and Max Hayward

 * I have lit my treasured candles, one by one, to hallow this night. With you, who do not come, I wait the birth of the year. Dear God! the flame has drowned in crystal, and the wine, like poison, burns Old malice bites the air, old ravings rave again, though the hour has not yet struck.

 * Dread. Bottomless dread... I am that shadow on the threshold defending my remnant peace.

 * Let the gossip roll! What to me are Hamlet's garters, or the whirlwind of Salome's dance, or the tread of the Man in the Iron Mask? I am more iron than they.

 * Prince Charming, prince of the mockers — compared with him the foulest of sinners is grace incarnate...

 * That woman I once was, in a black agate necklace, I do not wish to meet again till the Day of Judgement.

 * Are the last days near, perhaps? I have forgotten your lessons, prattlers and false prophets, but you haven't forgotten me. As the future ripens in the past, so the past rots in the future — a terrible festival of dead leaves.

 * All the mirrors on the wall show a man not yet appeared who could not enter this white hall. He is no better and no worse, but he is free of Lethe's curse: his warm hand makes a human pledge. Strayed from the future, can it be that he will really come to me, turning left from the bridge?

 * From childhood I have been afraid of mummers. It always seemed an extra shadow without face or name had slipped among them...

 * You... you are as old as the Mamre oak, ancient interrogator of the moon, whose feigned groans cannot take us in. You write laws of iron.

 * Creature of special tastes, you do not wait for gout and fame to elevate you to a luxurious jubilee chair, but bear your triumph over the flowering heather, over wildernesses. And you are guilty of nothing: neither of this, that, nor anything..

 * Besides what have poets, in any case, to do with sin? They must dance before the Ark of the Covenant or die! But what am I trying to say?

 * In the black sky no star is seen, somewhere in ambush lurks the Angel of Death, but the spices tongues of the masqueraders are loose and shameless A shout: "Make way for the hero!" Ah yes. Displacing the tall one, he will step forth now without fail and sing to us about holy vengeance...

 * There is no death, each of us knows — it's banal to say. I'll leave it to others to explain.

 * Is this the visitor from the wrong side of the mirror? Or the shape that suddenly flitted past my window? Is it the new moon playing tricks, or is someone really standing there again between the stove and the cupboard?

 * This means that gravestones are fragile and granite is softer than wax. Absurd, absurd, absurd! From such absurdity I shall soon turn gray or change into another person. Why do you beckon me with your hand? For one moment of peace I would give the peace of the tomb.

Requiem; 1935-1940 (1963; 1987)

 * Written over many years, this work was first published in 1963, but not in complete form until 1987. The base translation used here is that of Stanley Kunitz and Max Hayward, with variant translations used as noted.

 * No foreign sky protected me, no stranger's wing shielded my face. I stand as witness to the common lot, survivor of that time, that place. — 1961
 * Translated in Poems of Akhmatova (1973) by Stanley Kunitz and Max Hayward
 * No, not under a foreign heavenly-cope, and Not canopied by foreign wings I was with my people in those hours, There where, unhappily, my people were.
 * Translated by D. M. Thomas
 * No, not under the vault of another sky, not under the shelter of other wings. I was with my people then, there where my people were doomed to be.
 * Translator unknown.

Instead of a Preface
"Can you describe this?" And I answered: "Yes, I can." Then something that looked like a smile passed over what had once been her face.
 * Such grief might make the mountain stoop, reverse the waters where they flow, but cannot burst these ponderous bolts that block us from the prison cells crowded with mortal woe...
 * In the terrible years of the Yezhov terror, I spent seventeen months in the prison lines of Leningrad. Once, someone "recognized" me. Then a woman with bluish lips standing behind me, who, of course, had never heard me called by name before, woke up from the stupor to which everyone had succumbed and whispered in my ear (everyone spoke in whispers there):
 * Leningrad, 1 April 1957

Dedication

 * Such grief might make the mountain stoop, reverse the waters where they flow, but cannot burst these ponderous bolts that block us from the prison cells crowded with mortal woe...
 * The mountains bow before this anguish, The great river does not flow. In mortal sadness the convicts languish; The bolts stay frozen.
 * Translated by D. M. Thomas

 * For some the wind can fleshly blow, for some the sunlight fade at ease, but we, made partners in our dread, hear but the grating of the keys, and heavy-booted soldiers' tread. As if for early mass, we rose and each day walked the wilderness, trudging through silent street and square, to congregate, less live than dead.

 * Where are they now, my nameless friends from those two years I spent in hell? What specters mock them now, amid the fury of Siberian snows, or in the blighted circle of the moon? To them I cry, Hail and Farewell! — March 1940

Prologue

 * That was a time when only the dead could smile, delivered from their wars, and the sign, the soul, of Leningrad dangled outside its prison-house...
 * As translated by Stanley Kunitz
 * In those years only the dead smiled, Glad to be at rest: And Leningrad city swayed like A needless appendix to its prisons.
 * Translated by D. M. Thomas

 * The stars of death stood over us. And Russia, guiltless, beloved, writhed under the crunch of bloodstained boots, under the wheels of Black Marias.
 * Stars of death stood Above us, and innocent Russia Writhed under bloodstained boots, and Under the tyres of Black Marias.
 * Translated by D. M. Thomas

 * At dawn they came and took you away. You were my dead: I walked behind. In the dark room children cried, the holy candle gasped for air.
 * They led you away... They took you away at daybreak. Half wak- ing, as though at a wake, I followed. In the dark chamber children were crying, In the image-case, candlelight guttered. At your lips, the chill of icon, A deathly sweat at your brow. I shall go creep to our walling wall, Crawl to the Kremlin towers.
 * Translated by D. M. Thomas

 * This woman is sick to her marrow-bone, this woman is utterly alone, with husband dead, with son away in jail. Pray for me. Pray.

 * Not, not mine: it's somebody else's wound. I could never have borne it. So take the thing that happened, hide it, stick it in the ground. Whisk the lamps away... Night.
 * No, it is not I, it is else who is suffering. I could not have borne it. And this thing, which has happened Let them cover it with black cloths, And take away the lanterns... Night.
 * Translated by D. M. Thomas

 * For seventeen months I have cried aloud calling you back to your lair. I hurled myself at the hangman's foot. You are my son, changed into nightmare. Confusion occupies the world, and I am powerless to tell somebody brute from something human, or on what day the word spells, "Kill!"

The Sentence

 * The word dropped like a stone on my still living breast. Confess: I was prepared, am somehow ready for the test.
 * As translated by Stanley Kunitz
 * Then fell the word of stone on My still existing, still heaving breast. Never mind, I was not unprepared, and Shall manage to adjust to it somehow.
 * Translated by D. M. Thomas
 * And the stone word fell On my still-living breast. Never mind, I was ready. I will manage somehow.
 * Translated by Judith Hemschemeyer from Complete Poems of Anna Akhmatova (1989)

 * Today I have so much to do: I must kill memory once and for all, I must turn my soul to stone, I must learn to live again— Unless ... Summer's ardent rustling Is like a festival outside my window.
 * Translated by Judith Hemschemeyer from Complete Poems of Anna Akhmatova (1989)

To Death

 * You will come in any case — so why not now? How long I wait and wait. The bad times fall. I have put out the light and opened the door for you, because you are simple and magical. Assume, then, any form that suits your wish, take aim, and blast at me with poisoned shot, or strangle me like an efficient mugger, or else infect me — typhus be my lot —

 * It's all the same to me. The Yenisei swirls, the North Star shines, as it will shine forever; and the blue lustre of my loved one's eyes is clouded over by the final horror. — The House on the Fontanka, 19 August 1939

9

 * Already madness lifts its wing to cover half my soul.

 * Now everything is clear. I admit my defeat. The tongue of my ravings in my ear is the tongue of a stranger.

 * No use to fall down on my knees and beg for mercy's sake. Nothing I counted mine, out of my life, is mine to take...

Crucifixion

 * Also translated as "Crucifix"

 * A choir of angels glorified the hour, the vault of heaven was dissolved in fire. "Father, why hast Thou forsaken me? Mother, I beg you, do not weep for me..."
 * This greatest hour was hallowed and thundered By angel's choirs; fire melted sky. He asked his Father:"Why am I abandoned...?" And told his Mother: "Mother, do not cry..."
 * Translated by Tanya Karshtedt (1996)

 * Mary Magdalene beat her breasts and sobbed, His dear disciple, stone-faced, stared. His mother stood apart. No other looked into her secret eyes. Nobody dared. — 1940-1943
 * Magdalena struggled, cried and moaned. Piter sank into the stone trance... Only there, where Mother stood alone, None has dared cast a single glance.
 * Translated by Tanya Karshtedt (1996)
 * Mary Magdalene beat her breast and sobbed, The beloved disciple turned to stone, But where the silent Mother stood, there No one glanced and no one would have dared.
 * Translated by Judith Hemschemeyer

Epilogue

 * I have learned how faces fall to bone, how under the eyelids terror lurks, how suffering inscribes on cheeks the hard lines of its cuneiform texts, how glossy black or ash-fair locks turn overnight to tarnished silver, how smiles fade on submissive lips, and fear quavers in a dry titter. And I pray not for myself alone.. for all who stood outside the jail, in bitter cold or summer's blaze, with me under that blind red wall.

 * I've woven them a garment that's prepared out of poor words, those that I overheard, and will hold fast to every word and glance all of my days, even in new mischance, and if a gag should bind my tortured mouth, through which a hundred million people shout, then let them pray for me, as I do pray for them, this eve of my remembrance day.
 * I should like to call you all by name, But they have lost the lists... I have, woven fore them a great shroud Out of the poor words I overheard them speak. I remember them always and everywhere, And if they shut my tormented mouth, Through which a hundred million of my people cry, Let them remember me also...
 * Translated by D. M. Thomas

Quotes about Akhmatova

 * I think the first discovery I made for myself which I didn't necessarily share with my family or my friends, but came upon myself, was Russian literature. I've always felt very much enthralled to writers like Dostoevsky, especially, and Chekhov. In later years, modern Russian poets like Pasternak and Mandelstam and Akhmatova have meant a great deal to me. Poetry more than prose.
 * Anita Desai In Interviews with Writers of the Post-Colonial World edited by Feroza Jussawalla and Reed Way Dasenbrock (1992)

 * The importance of Akhmatova's works in the Russian poetic tradition can scarcely be exaggerated. These works also hold a place of honor in the history of artistic engagement of moral responsibility.
 * Olga P. Hasty, Princeton University

 * Anna Andreevna Akhmatova used poetry to give voice to the struggles and deepest yearnings of the Russian people, for whom she remains the greatest of literary heroines. She has lately come to symbolize for the world even beyond Russia the power of art to survive and transcend the terrors of our century.
 * Judith Hemschemeyer in A Stranger to Heaven and Earth (1993)

 * Akhmatova never ceased to be astonished at the resurrection of poetry once trampled underfoot, wiped out, it had seemed, once and for all. "We never realized that poetry has such a long life," she was always saying, and "poetry isn't what we thought it was when we were young"...I never ceased to believe in M.'s and Akhmatova's poetry. In our depersonalized world where everything human was silenced, only the poet preserved his "self" and a voice which can still be heard even now.
 * Nadezhda Mandelstam Hope Abandoned (1974) Translated from the Russian by Max Hayward

 * Akhmatova introduced all the enormous complexity and wealth of the nineteenth century novel into the Russian lyric. If not for Tolstoi's Anna Karenina, Turgenev's Nest of Gentlefolk (Dvorianskoe gnezdo), all of Dostoevsky and even some [[Leskov, there would be no Akhmatova. Akhmatova's genesis lies entirely in the realm of Russian prose, not in poetry. She developed her poignant and unique poetic form with a backward glance at psychological prose.
 * Osip Mandelstam A LETTER ABOUT RUSSIAN POETRY translated into English in The complete critical prose (1997)

 * Akhmatova was neither a woman poet in the narrow militant feminist sense in which the term is understood today, nor just a poet of Russia alone.... Her poetic involvements went beyond the domesticated lyricism of conventional feminine poetry and embraced larger questions of political and social inequity. Though essentially a poet of "the keening muse", as Joseph Brodsky described her, Akhmatova rose above personal sorrows (too numerous to relate here) to create a disciplined yet many-layered work of haunting reverberation. … Akhmatova's is a "poetry of witness" that defends the individual against all forms of coercion. Such poetry does not go into "holes of oblivion" as Hannah Arendt would put it, but nags our guilt of connivance with tyrants like Hitler or Stalin. It invokes religious symbolism to reinforce the language of extremity and to compensate for the fragmentation of social vision caused by the turmoil of the times. … The poetry of witness draws upon what Akhmatova calls "the invisible ink" of others to strengthen its claims to authenticity, not as a substitute for ones tattered memories but as a reminder that others have gone down the same path as oneself.
 * M.L. Raina in "The poet as witness" in The Tribune (India) (18 April 2004)

 * One of the great Russian poets and a national heroine, Anna Akhmatova (née Gorenko) is not venerated outside Russia as a major poetic voice of the twentieth century. She seemed born to endure the great tragedy in her life and indeed was one of Stalin's most long-suffering literary victims. Her tremendous will to survive, in her self-appointed role as witness of the Great Terror, testifies to huge inner reserves of moral strength that sustained her through years of extreme poverty and isolation, to ultimately become a latter-day nemesis of the dark days of Stalinism. … Her individualism survived the early days of foment in Soviet literature, when literary experimentation was for a short while tolerated, but her work was soon looked upon as insufficiently socialist in its concerns and was suppressed as "bourgeois" after the publication of her collection Anno Domini MCMXXI in 1922. It was the appearance of this work that prompted the eminent Soviet literary critic Boris Eichenbaum to famously deride Akhmatova as "half nun, half harlot" (an epithet later reprised by Andrey Zhdanov in the campaign against Akhmatova in the 1940s).
 * Helen Rappaport, in Joseph Stalin : A Biographical Companion (1999), p. 1

 * I remembered a poem about queues by Anna Akhmatova-who unlike many of her peers, had survived the Gulag. Well, sort of: "In the terrible years of the Yezhov terror, I spent seventeen months in the prison lines of Leningrad. Once, someone "recognized" me. Then a woman with bluish lips standing behind me, who, of course, had never heard me called by name before, woke up from the stupor to which everybody had succumbed and whispered in my ear (everyone spoke in whispers there): "Can you describe this?" And I answered: "Yes, I can." Then something that looked like a smile passed over what had once been her face." Akhmatova, her first husband Nikolay Gumilyov, Osip Mandelstam, and three other poets were part of Acmeism, a poets' guild. In 1921, Gumilyov was shot by a firing squad for counterrevolutionary activity. Mandelstam was arrested in 1934 for writing an ode to Stalin that showed signs of satire and was not convincing enough in its praise."
 * Arundhati Roy Things that Can and Cannot Be Said (2016)

title: Anna Akhmatova


text:
Inventing the Abbotts

Inventing the Abbotts is a 1997 film about two working-class brothers who fall in love with three wealthy and beautiful sisters in a small Illinois town in the 1950s.
 * Directed by Pat O'Connor. Screenplay written by Ken Hixon, based on a short story by Sue Miller.

Love no matter what. Taglines

Narrator/Older Doug

 * The end of my innocence and childhood began in 1957. It is remarkable to me now just how little I knew then about the people around me. It took me years to figure out exactly what the truth was, especially given my brother's knack at inventing himself. My mother once told me that if the Abbotts didn't exist, my brother wouldn't have to invent them.

 * My brother and I were born strangers. Same last name, same address, but everything else about us was different. Back then, Jacey was a complete mystery to me, and I was a constant source of embarrassment to him.

 * Everything Jacey wanted in life, the Abbotts already had: their cars, money, country clubs. But in the beginning, more than anything else, he wanted Eleanor Abbott. I'd witnessed enough of my brother's social agony to resolve early on. I would never let the Abbotts matter to me.

 * I had always thought of Eleanor Abbott as just another stuck-up rich girl, a flirt, a tease. But she proved to be a bigger rebel than I ever was. Jacey and I never talked about that thing with Eleanor in the garage, but Jacey never bragged about his conquests. When he went off to college that fall, I didn't feel particularly sad, I felt free.

 * My brother was more successful at reinventing himself than I was. Jacey's parties at the University of Pennsylvania were the hippest ones around. And even though he had a major in architecture, he seriously minored in beautiful coeds.

 * Although I share Jacey's Abbott interest in the opposite sex, I obviously lacked his consummate skills. When Jacey came home that summer, he picked up right where he left off with Eleanor, and she was more than eager to pick up right where she left off with him.

 * My mother's life had been damaged by a lie, and my brother was forever lost in a maze of illusions that lie had created... and I had followed him there. Jacey would never find his way out, but I had to... and the only way I could do that was to forgive, but I could never forget.

 * Although she seemed unique to me then, I now know that the world is filled with working women raising children by themselves. There was nothing especially original about my mother... not even in the way she brought her sons back together again.

 * The truth about our mother and Lloyd didn't comfort Jacey, because the truth seemed to him just as unfair as the lie he had always believed in.

 * My mother was right; if the Abbotts didn't exist, Jacey would have had to invent them, but it seems to me that inventing the Abbotts was something that almost everyone in Haley did, and still do. Alice reunited with Peter, lived out the same lie of a happy marriage that her mother and father have lived, and a new generation of Abbott parties began.

 * Jacey pretended to care for Alice so well, the illusion became so complete that even he was fooled.

 * That visit from Joan Abbott not only marked the end of Jacey's affair with Eleanor, but also the end of Eleanor Abbott herself. She disappeared from Haley, vanished or banished, no one knew for certain. But life with the Abbotts went on without her.

 * A year later, the impossible finally happened. One of the Holt boys married one of the Abbott girls. We have two daughters. I named the youngest Helen after my mom.

Doug Holt

 * [sarcastically] Every time an Abbott girl get her period, they throw some kind of party!

 * Backyard nudity is hypocritical. It's insincere. People should do and say exactly what they feel and think and not try to hide things.

 * Hey Jacey... Remember the time I got my dick caught in my zipper? Remember in school, in the first grade?

Lloyd Abbot

 * [Lloyd shows Jacey the door after Alice backs away from him.] Now get the hell out of here, you ruttin' stud. Keep your poor-boy dick out of my daughters.

 * [to Jacey] I have plans for my daughters, Mr. Holt, they don't include you. I know you: I know you better than you know me. I know all there is to know about screwing your way into a wealthy family and there's no way I'm gonna let you screw your way into mine.

Pamela Abbott

 * Look, Alice is the good daughter, Eleanor's the bad one, and I'm the one that sort of gets off the hook. It's just the way it works.

Eleanor Abbott

 * [to Jacey] I just do things. I let other people figure them out. That's what parents are for; they're really good at doing all the thinking, so why should I? I think this is what they called the silent treatment. I get enough of it from my father, I don't need it from you. So good luck at Penn.

Helen Holt

 * There's different kinds of love, darling. Some people you love no matter what, and others you love if the situation was right. To me, the best kind of love is the "no matter what" kind.

Dialogue

 * Lloyd Abbott: I'm sorry about your mother.
 * Doug Holt: [incredulously] Your sorry?
 * Lloyd Abbott: You didn't know your mother at all if you think someone like me would ever stood a chance with someone like her.

 * Pamela Abbott: Stop treating me like an Abbott!
 * Doug Holt: How the hell am I supposed to treat you?
 * Pamela Abbott: Like you used to; like just plain Pam. And you don't have to say that you're sorry! And don't look at me as though someone just ran over your dog! It's make me want to scream sometimes.

 * Doug Holt: Either your mad at me because you're mad at me or you're mad at me because you like me, because that's how girls act. I mean... I don't know much but I know that. So, uh, which is it?
 * Pamela Abbott: Both.

 * [Jacey talks about Doug's artificial sideburns.]
 * Jacey Holt: You look like a clown. He looks like a clown, mom, and he doesn't even know it. I thought you weren't going to the party.
 * Doug Holt: I changed my mind.
 * Helen Holt: Doug, you do realize that you maybe the only person in this party with artificial sideburns.

 * Coed: You know, I'm engaged.
 * Jacey Holt: So am I.
 * Coed: You are?
 * Jacey Holt: Sure, I'm engaged in conversation with you
 * Narrator/Older Doug: I was in awe of his success with women. Just the thought of Eleanor Abbott conjured up images of absolute debauchery in my mind. After a while, I didn't see Jacey lying beneath her on the old sofa in the garage, I saw me.

 * Pamela Abbott: Look, I'm not rich. My father is. And I didn't pick my father. And if I had a choice between having tons of money and having another father, I'd be absolutely delighted to be poor. But unfortunately, life is just not a cafeteria.
 * Doug Holt: Life is not a cafeteria?
 * Pamela Abbott: You know what I mean.

 * Lloyd Abbott: That bet was your father's idea. And I never meant your mother any harm. I would have done anything for her, anything. I loved her. So, what do you want?
 * Doug Holt: I want to find Pam. I want you to tell me where she is.

 * Pamela Abbott: How can you ever forgive me?
 * Doug Holt: You always love me no matter what I did, right?
 * Pamela Abbott: Yeah.
 * Doug Holt: Maybe that's how I love you. No matter what. It's the best kind of love, you know?

 * [Lloyd catches Eleanor walking with Jacey.]
 * Eleanor Abbott: Hi, daddy.
 * Lloyd Abbott: What are you doing out here?
 * Eleanor Abbott: Fucking Jacey.
 * Lloyd Abbott: Get in the car.

 * Joan Abbott: Jacey needs to be disciplined.
 * Helen Holt: I don't think that's necessary.
 * Joan Abbott: Well if I were you, I'd talk to him, and--.
 * Helen Holt: No, Joan, I'm not going to do that. If you've got something to say to my son, you're going to have to say it to him yourself.
 * Joan Abbott: I just thought you would like to know what your son has done.
 * Helen Holt: And why on Earth should I believe anything you say, Joan.

 * Pamela Abbott: You don't know my father, you don't know how he is about Jacey. He blames him for everything that happened with Eleanor.
 * Doug Holt: Look, Eleanor flirts with a lot of guys. It's not Jacey's fault you dad kicked her out.
 * Pamela Abbott: He didn't kick her out, he sent her off to some goddamned nuthouse. He just up and shipped her off to some clinic; she was consigned.
 * Doug Holt: Wait, I thought you said that she's in Chicago.
 * Pamela Abbott: Well, she is now, they let her out like a month ago.

Taglines

 * Love no matter what.

 * When you want it all but can't have it, there's only one way to handle life... invent it.

Cast

 * Joaquin Phoenix - Doug Holt
 * Billy Crudup - Jacey Holt
 * Liv Tyler - Pamela Abbott
 * Jennifer Connelly - Eleanor Abbott
 * Will Patton - Lloyd Abbott
 * Kathy Baker - Helen Holt
 * Joanna Going - Alice Abbott
 * Barbara Williams - Joan Abbott
 * Alesandro Nivola - Peter Vanlaningham
 * Michael Keaton - Narrator/Older Doug
 * Zoe McLellan - Sandy

title: Inventing the Abbotts


text:
User:Vap0rtranz~enwikiquote

My userpage is on Wikipedia at vap0rtranz. Fun stuff there!

title: User:Vap0rtranz~enwikiquote


text:
F. E. Smith, 1st Earl of Birkenhead

Frederick Edwin Smith, 1st Earl of Birkenhead, GCSI, PC (12 July 1872 – 30 September 1930) was a British Conservative statesman and lawyer of the early 20th century. He was a skilled orator, noted for his staunch opposition to Irish nationalism, his wit, pugnacious views, and hard living and drinking. He is perhaps best remembered today as Winston Churchill's greatest personal and political friend until Smith's untimely death at age 58.

Quotes

 * We are asked to permit a hundred men to go round to the house of a man who wishes to exercise the common law right in this country to sell his labour where and when he chooses, and to 'advise' him or 'peacefully persuade' him not to work. If peaceful persuasion is the real object, why are a hundred men required to do it? … Every honest man knows why trade unions insist on the right to a strong numerical picket. It is because they rely for their objects neither on peacefulness nor persuasion. Those whom they picket cannot be peacefully persuaded. They understand with great precision their own objects, and their own interests, and they are not in the least likely to be persuaded by the representatives of trade unions, with different objects and different interests. But, though arguments may never persuade them, numbers may easily intimidate them. And it is just because argument has failed, and intimidation has succeeded, that the Labour Party insists upon its right to picket unlimited in respect of numbers.
 * Speech in the House of Commons against the Trade Disputes Bill (30 March 1906), as published in The Speeches of Lord Birkenhead (1929), pp. 15-22

 * Instead of seeing that men got enough to eat the Government spent the whole Session in securing that they should have nothing to drink.
 * Speech in Limehouse (4 October 1909) on the Liberal Government's Licensing Bill, quoted in The Times (5 October 1909), p. 4

 * Free trade had once and for all broken down. Even when combined with depredation it did not pay; it could not find them the money to pay this year's national bills. The Conservative party had one alternative to a Budget which destroyed capital—the alternative of men who had watched the history of tariffs in Europe and America for 30 years, and learnt the great lesson upon which Bismarck taught his fellow-countrymen.
 * Speech in Limehouse (4 October 1909), quoted in The Times (5 October 1909), p. 4

 * ...votes are to swords exactly what bank notes are to gold—the one is effective only because the other is believed to be behind it.
 * Speech in the House of Commons (11 July 1910)

 * The Conservative Party is the parent of trade unionism, just as it is the author of the Factory Acts. At every stage in the history of the nineteenth century it is to Toryism that trade unionism has looked for help and support against the oppressions of the Manchester School of liberalism, which cared nothing for the interests of the state, and regarded men as brute beasts whose labour could be bought and sold at the cheapest price, irrespective of all other considerations.
 * Introduction to H. Hills and M. Woods, Industrial Unrest: A Practical Solution (1914)

 * An MP had been elected as a Unionist candidate, but when Parliament re-assembled, he had immediately "crossed the floor" without seeking re-election.Smith said:"He entered the House not on the crest of a wave, but rather by means of an opportune dive. Everyone in the House must appreciate his presence, for there could be no greater compliment paid to it than that he should be in our midst, when his heart is far away. And it should be obvious to all who know the honourable gentleman's scrupulous sense of honour, that his one desire at present is to be amongst his constituents, who are understood to be at least as anxious to meet him."
 * Legal Life and Humour (1916), edited by Joseph Heighton, p. 49

 * May I be perfectly candid? I also am still a Unionist in this sense. If I were certified of twenty years of unbroken power in this country, I am still most clearly of opinion that the solution of the Irish question which would be best for England and best for Ireland would be the prosecution during that period of the policy which, in our opinion at least, had attained so large a measure of success in the year 1906. ... The late Lord Salisbury spoke of "twenty years of resolute government." The Unionist Party, in the period to the close of which I refer, had been given some ten years, and it was only given those ten years by what many members of this House would describe as the accident of the issue, with its repercussion on the Election, of the war in South Africa. That accident and that Election gave the Unionist Party some ten years of office. Is it not evident, in trying to descry what lies in front of us through the mists of the future, that no man living can claim that twenty years, or anything like twenty years, lie in front of any Party that believes in the maintenance of the relations between Ireland and this country on the lines that have existed since the passing of the Act of Union?
 * Speech in the House of Lords on the Government of Ireland Bill (23 November 1920)

 * Politically, economically and philosophically the motive of self-interest not only is but must...and ought to be the mainspring of human conduct...For as long a time as the records of history have been preserved human societies passed through a ceaseless process of evolution and adjustment. This process has sometimes been pacific, but more often it has resulted from warlike disturbance. The strength of different nations, measured in terms of arms, varies from century to century. The world continues to offer glittering prizes to those who have stout hearts and sharp swords; it is therefore extremely improbable that the experience of future ages will differ in any material respect from that which has happened since the twilight of the human race … it is for us who, in our history have proved ourselves a martial … people … to maintain in our own hands the adequate means for our own protection and … to march with heads erect and bright eyes along the road of our imperial destiny.
 * "Idealism in International Politics", Rectoral Address at Glasgow University (7 November 1923).
 * Quoted in The Times (8 November 1923), according to "Guarantee of Peace: The League of Nations in British Policy 1914-1925" by Peter J. Yearwood, pg 280

 * An economic creed in an imperfect world must be at least equally adapted to the purposes of war as to the purposes of peace. ... when war came in 1914, what was the situation of this country? The free-trade system had wholly failed to equip the Government of this country with the many instruments which were absolutely vital for the purposes of conducting war.
 * Speech to the Constitutional Club (20 November 1923), quoted in The Times (21 November 1923), p. 17

 * It appears that we are to reconcile ourselves to the fact that we are to have 1,300,000 unemployed in this country. There are no unemployed in the United States of America, no unemployed at all in France. There are hardly any unemployed in Italy. The United States of America, France, and Italy are protectionist countries. We are a free-trade import country.
 * Speech to the Constitutional Club (20 November 1923), quoted in The Times (21 November 1923), p. 17

 * I have read the Liberal programme. They talk of cooperation between employer and employed. That is not the problem. There is no use in cooperating when there is no work to be done. There is no use in imposing capital levies upon a capital which every year dwindles and disappears. ... The problem that awaits the people of this country is to increase the markets within which their goods can find employment, and you will never increase those markets until you have enabled our working people on equal terms and our manufacturers on equal terms to deal with the working people and manufacturers of the world.
 * Speech to the Constitutional Club (20 November 1923), quoted in The Times (21 November 1923), p. 17

 * The Glasgow address ["Idealism in International Politics"] represented a true conception of Tory policy. ... During those black years from 1906 to 1914 he and other members of this party warned the country that the deadly and growing menace of German armaments might involve, unless steps were taken to correct it, the imminent destruction of this country and Empire. How were their warnings treated? Foolish idealists told them there was no menace. ... But while Liberals and Socialists passed resolutions calling for reduction of armaments, the Tories, not so deceived, insisted on the supreme importance of strengthening the Army and the Navy.
 * Speech to the Liverpool Junior Conservative Club (30 November 1923), quoted in The Times (1 December 1923), p. 6

 * As the Tories happened to be right then, and their opponents happened to be wrong, as they had been wrong at every moment in the nation's history when similar issues had arisen, was he to remain silent when men were preaching the same crazy doctrine that there would be no more war and when he looked round and saw wars and threats of wars? Whenever he met such sentimental folly he would castigate it.
 * Speech to the Liverpool Junior Conservative Club (30 November 1923), quoted in The Times (1 December 1923), p. 6

 * The greatness of this country was attained not by teaching the message that one class of Englishmen must wed itself to a bitter antagonism against other classes of Englishmen, but was was rather founded on the doctrine that they were all English. All that was changed. They were to be class conscious. ... It means that we are to drive into that solidity of English life, which has secured our greatness, the poison of a belief that the interests of England require that there should be vital and eternal antagonism in her midst which prevents all Englishmen uniting for an all-English cause. In the old spacious days of Queen Elizabeth, when the Empire was still in the winning, as well as in the days of the Napoleonic Wars, we conquered by the force of a gallant and united nation. We did not march to battle under the Red Flag.
 * Speech in Epping (21 October 1924), quoted in The Times (22 October 1924), p. 18

 * Nobody disputed that in the year 1914 it was evident to everyone that the country would have to struggle for its life. Knowing that, Mr. MacDonald stated that the war had been deliberately engineered by the fighting forces of this country in order to obtain battle-practice for our fleet. ... The people of this country had now the chance of deciding whether they wished to see this ancient country presided over and governed by a man who, had he had his way, would have ruined and destroyed us in the war; and he knew what their answer was going to be. They were going to say to him, “Dress yourself in your red flag or your yellow flag; go and attend your board meetings in the McVitie Company. We do not believe you for this reason—that every speech you make contains some piece of shifty, tricky inventiveness which we have never been used to from the Prime Minister of England.”
 * Speech in Epping (21 October 1924), quoted in The Times (22 October 1924), p. 18

 * I charge him [Ramsay MacDonald] deliberately with this, that from the first moment of the war to the Armistice there was nothing which he could say to embarrass the cause of the British arms that he did not say—there was nothing that he could do to assist the German cause that he did not do. That is the man I am asked to take as spokesman of the British Empire. ... He was the man who vied with Sir Roger Casement in disservice to Britain. In the greatest crisis in our history Mr. MacDonald tried to set up Soviets in the British Army. I am to treat him as spokesman of the British Empire? Never! Never!
 * Speech in Liverpool (22 October 1924), quoted in The Times (23 October 1924), p. 10

 * We have the highest authority for believing that the meek shall inherit the earth; though I have never found any particular corroboration of this aphorism in the records of Somerset House.
 * Quoted in Contemporary Personalities (1924) by Marquess Curzon.

 * Like you, I believe strongly that where there is a revolutionary element expressed in action, one must act resolutely. My reading of Indian history has led me to believe that a Government founded so completely as ours is upon prestige can stand almost anything except the suspicion of weakness.
 * Letter to Lord Reading (13 November 1924), quoted in H. Montgomery Hyde, Lord Reading (Heinemann, 1967), p. 382

 * To me it is frankly inconceivable that India will ever be fit for Dominion self-government.
 * Letter to Lord Reading (4 December 1924), quoted in H. Montgomery Hyde, Lord Reading (Heinemann, 1967), p. 382

 * I have always placed my highest and most permanent hopes upon the eternity of the Communal situation. The greater the political progress made by the Hindus, the greater, in my judgment, will the Moslem distrust and discontent become. All the conferences in all the world cannot bridge over the unbridgeable, and between these two communities lies a chasm which cannot be crossed by the resources of modern political engineering.
 * Letter to Lord Reading (March 1925) on India, quoted in H. Montgomery Hyde, Lord Reading (Heinemann, 1967), p. 387

 * It would be possible to say without exaggeration that the miners' leaders were the stupidest men in England if we had not frequent occasion to meet the owners.
 * Statement of 1925, as quoted in Britain between the Wars (1955) by C. L. Mowat, p. 300.

 * Nature has no cure for this sort of madness, though I have known a legacy from a rich relative work wonders.
 * On Bolshevism, in Law, Life, and Letters (1927), Vol. 2, Ch. 19

 * What was intended is plain. It was intended to appease them. Why was this particular moment selected for their appeasement? I will tell your Lordships why. It was because a grave threat had been made subversive of civil government in India. ... I have had occasion in the last six years to make such study of Indian history as my abilities have qualified me to undertake, and I have drawn one deep lesson. The way to discharge our fiduciary obligations to India is never to yield to threats—never, never! The moment in which to make gestures of appeasement is not when you are threatened by men of influence and authority with a general campaign of civil disturbance. And what a method to select! You address the politically-minded classes of India. They are the only ones with which you are dealing, for you do not suppose that the 290,000,000 of peasants who cannot read are being appeased; they do not need appeasement and we were long since told of their pathetic contentment. What was the object of making this statement at this moment?
 * Speech in the House of Lords (5 November 1929)

 * Judge: You are extremely offensive, young man! Smith: As a matter of fact we both are; and the only difference between us is that I am trying to be, and you can't help it.
 * Quoted in F.E. : The Life of F. E. Smith First Earl of Birkenhead (1933) by Frederick Second Earl of Birkenhead, 1959 edition, Ch 9

 * Judge: What do you suppose I am on the Bench for, Mr. Smith? Smith: It is not for me, Your Honour, to attempt to fathom the inscrutable workings of Providence.
 * Quoted in F.E. : The Life of F. E. Smith First Earl of Birkenhead (1933) by Frederick Second Earl of Birkenhead, 1959 edition, Ch 9

 * Churchill has spent the best years of his life preparing impromptu remarks.
 * Quoted in A Politician Must Watch His Wit by Clayton Fritchley in The New York Times Magazine (3 July 1960), p. 31

 * Judge: I've listened to you for an hour and I'm none wiser. Smith: None the wiser, perhaps, my lord but certainly better informed.
 * Quoted in "London Letter" by Francis Cowper in New York Law Journal (28 August 1961), p. 4

 * High Court judge presiding in a sodomy case, seeking advice on sentencing: "Could you tell me, what do you think one ought to give a man who allows himself to be buggered?" Smith: "Oh, thirty shillings or two pounds; whatever you happen to have on you."
 * A 1924 entry in Evelyn Waugh's diary, cited in The Times 23 May 2006, Law supplement p. 7

Unionist Policy and Other Essays (1913)

 * ...although in many well-paid trades the attitude of labour is unreasonable and grasping, the wrongs under which many poor persons labour are so cruel and so undeniable that it is astounding that any school of political thought should conceive a policy of inactivity to be possible. I should like to inscribe on the walls of every Conservative club, and particularly of those clubs to which the wealthier members of the party belong, these words from Mr Booth's Life and Labour of the People: "The result of all our inquiries makes it reasonably sure that one-third of the population are on or just above the line of poverty or are below it".
 * "The Future of the Conservative Party", p. 16

 * I entertain no doubt that Tariff Reform would considerably alleviate these evils, but I have never believed that it will end them. Which party in the State stands to lose most by their continuance? Is it not evident that the party, to whom stability and content are vital, is far more deeply concerned to restore happier conditions than the party which lives upon discontent and the promulgation of class hatred? A contented proletariat should be one of the first objects of enlightened Conservative policy.
 * "The Future of the Conservative Party", p. 17

 * According...to our Individualist and Free Trade friends, Prince Bismarck ought to have come to the conclusion that German industries were from "natural causes" unfit as compared to their British rivals; that they could never hope to hold their own in the struggle for existence, and that it would be cheaper to buy in the British market. That great statesman, who was never deceived either by the ideologues of Individualism or the ideologues of Socialism, saw very clearly that though this might be the case for the moment it need not be the case in all perpetuity, but that to give way for the moment was to give way for ever. English goods might beat German goods for the given year, but granted a tariff and the encouragement of State-aid, German goods might be beating British in under a quarter of a century. The static comparison was against the German Empire, but the dynamic impulse given to German industry by the tariff of 1878 has carried her right to the front, and the result of the policy has been of enormous profit to the German exchequer.
 * "State Toryism and Social Reform", p. 38

 * Disraeli, in his youth, laid down the principles on which the England of his time ought to have been based, and his comparative failure to convince his contemporaries or to overbear his philosophic opponents left his country the richer by a supreme instance of political genius and the poorer by its slums, its wasted physique, and its industrial unrest and class hatred. If a Providence could have made Disraeli a dictator in the early 'thirties, there would have been no social problem to-day. That great man desired to build up the new industrial State on the principles and practice which had animated the older rural and urban dispensations—on the community of interest between master and man, between capitalist and employee, between guild and guild, between agricultural labourer and town workman. What was best in the feudal conception of the past was to be applied to the new progressive forces of the nineteenth century, and the aristocracy of industry was to follow in the tradition of the aristocracy of feudalism and make itself the guardian, and not the exploiter, of its new retainers.
 * "State Toryism and Social Reform", pp. 41–42

 * We stand for the State and for the unity which, whether in the form of kingdom or empire or class solidarity, the State alone can bring. Above all stands the State and in that phrase lies the essence of Toryism. Our ancestors left it to us, and not the least potent method of preserving it is to link the conception of State Toryism with the practice of Social Reform.
 * "State Toryism and Social Reform", p. 46

 * Who are we that we should invite Germany to acquiesce in the principles of "Uti Possidetis" at a moment when we possess comparatively everything and they possess comparatively nothing? It is a law as old as the world's history that those who hold valuable possessions coveted by others will hold them so long as, and no longer than, they are able to protect them by the strong arm.
 * "Lord Roberts and Germany", p. 70

 * Abuse of Germany for doing what we ourselves did, and for cherishing ambitions which every powerful nation at every stage of the world's history has entertained, is childish, irrelevant, and futile. History laughs at such criticisms. Lord Roberts made no such mistake. With penetrating instinct he stated his admiration of German temper and German discipline. Every virile citizen of any nationality, and, indeed, every person whose judgment is not debauched by a sentimentalism wholly out of contact with facts, will echo Lord Roberts' tribute. Abuse, disapproval, and pious exhortations are all utterly useless. Only one thing is useful. This country, if it means to survive, must develop its preparations upon the same scale and in the same spirit as does the great nation whose ambitions and development we are examining.
 * "Lord Roberts and Germany", pp. 74–75

 * Either we must make up our minds that we will not take part in a European war under any circumstances, or we must have national service; but we cannot make up our minds on the first of these points unless we are prepared to do what our ancestors to their eternal glory refused to do in the days of Napoleon, acquiesce in the hegemony of Europe by one titanic Power.
 * "Lord Roberts and Germany", p. 78

Quotes about Smith

 * F. E. Smith is very clever, but sometimes his brains go to his head.
 * Margot Asquith

 * He had all the canine virtues in a remarkable degree – courage, fidelity, vigilance, love of chase.
 * Winston Churchill

 * If he was with you on Monday, he would be the same on Tuesday. And on Thursday, when things looked blue, he would still be marching forward with strong reinforcements.
 * Winston Churchill

 * Birkenhead's pure eighteenth-century. He belongs to the days of Fox and Pitt. Physically, he has all the strength of our best yeoman stock.  Mentally, he's a colossus. But he'll tear himself to pieces by the time he's sixty.
 * Sir Thomas Horder, 1928, quoted in Gilbert Frankau, Self Portrait: A Novel of His Own Life (1941), pp. 262–263

 * He is a powerful intellect, a democrat.
 * David Lloyd George's remarks to C. P. Scott, as recorded in Scott's diary (23 October 1922), quoted in The Political Diaries of C. P. Scott, 1911–1928, ed. Trevor Wilson (1970), p. 429

 * [David Lloyd George] made a strong defence of F. E. Smith. Somehow or other he always thrusted the worst side of his nature on to the public, whereas he was a man of sterling character and one of the finest he had ever known. ... When L[loyd] G[eorge] made him Lord Chancellor, there were a number of important people, including judges, who "thought I made a great mistake". But some time afterwards two judges, one of whom was Lord Dunedin, came and said: "When you made Birkenhead Lord Chancellor, we frankly thought you had made a great mistake. We now see you were right and we were wrong. He is the best Lord Chancellor we have ever had".
 * David Lloyd George's remarks to A. J. Sylvester, as recorded in Sylvester's diary (22 April 1933), quoted in Life with Lloyd George: The Diary of A. J. Sylvester, 1931–45, ed. Colin Cross (1975), p. 95

 * While in Paris I saw a good deal of the Lord Chancellor (F.E.) – an interesting study. Very clever and brilliant, but drinks too much. Far more than is good for him. ... He has some wild political notions. He said if the Labour people show signs of revolution, we must shoot. Shooting is the right method to repress such agitations. The trade unions are tyrannical. We made a great mistake to permit them to maintain Members of Parliament.
 * George Riddell's diary (22 January 1920), quoted in The Riddell Diaries 1908–1923, ed. J. M. McEwen (1986), p. 303

 * The country was as much amused as affronted when Sir F. E. Smith became Attorney-General. But it is carrying a joke beyond the limits of pleasantry to make him Lord Chancellor. There are gradations in these matters.
 * The Morning Post on his appointment as Lord Chancellor, quoted in John Campbell, F. E. Smith: First Earl of Birkenhead (1983), p. 460
 * Often misquoted as "carrying a joke too far".

title: F. E. Smith, 1st Earl of Birkenhead


text:
Brian Vaszily

Brian W. Vaszily (born January 30, 1970) is an author, public speaker, and columnist. His books include The 9 Intense Experiences (Wiley, 2011), a non-fiction guide to positively transformative life experiences people can easily engage in, and Beyond Stone and Steel (Mundania, 2002), a short novel memorializing the spirit of the 9/11 victims and prompting Americans to reflect on what is "most important" in their own lives. An experienced internet marketing professional, Vaszily has written columns criticizing rampant irresponsible marketing on people's health, finances and quality of life.

Sourced

 * The number one rule of today's marketing – the key secret of those who seek to control your beliefs and habits in order to take your money, your votes, your time or whatever else it is they desire from you – is to always keep in mind that nobody really believes they can be manipulated.
 * "The One Real Reason You Are Stressed Out, Overweight, Depressed or Angry", SixWise.com, undated (accessed 2006-06-23)

title: Brian Vaszily


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