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User:OpenScientist/What would science look like if it were invented today/Old text bits

Further old stuff

 * toll-access literature.

mendeley, ontology paper rate some ground-braking paper and perhaps some curiosities from the scholarly wiki table

 * aggregating knowledge in ontologies
 * Play? / baseline funding
 * Mention few-to-many to many-to-many transition?

 * http://www.academicevolution.com/2009/03/intellectual-apartheid.html: "This is one of the great secrets of academic publishing-–it is not at all in the service of transmitting knowledge generally; it is in the service of making money (for the publishers) and making reputations (for the scholars). So long as these two conditions are being met, academia could care less about whether anything its scholars do actually makes a difference in the world, except for the occasional puff piece to show to contributors or alumni. Reaching out to the whole world is the stuff that convocation speeches and university mission statements are made of, but in the day-to-day world of academia, actually reaching the world with one’s refined knowledge is not rewarded. In fact, it is often punished. Generalists, such as those who are using blogging to actually talk to the public about their ideas, are threatened with lack of tenure or advancement if they waste their time in anything but publications oriented towards their disciplinary peers."

More on Google Wave

 * use aspects of the GW protocol for a new and open standard of impact metrics, incl. grant proposals, research funding etc.

The basic steps:
 * Give each research contribution a unique ID and non-unique tags
 * Give each contributor to research a unique ID and the option to tag and rate contribution IDs (perhaps as a function of overlap between the contribution's tags and those on their own expertise)
 * Aggregate the ratings over contributions, contributors, tags and combinations thereof

Open scientists make their work transparent in the world wide web, e.g. by: discussing own research ideas, methods and results with others in the internet keeping a public lab notebook making their teaching open to public discussion blogging about their scientific activity and while doing this not only reflect about their own action, but also encourage others making problems public they are actually working on and thus giving other the chance to participate actively in the problem solving process submitting articles to publication institutions which have set up a public review process assessing articles for publication institutions which have set up a public review process making raw data and analytical tools (on which their works are based) publicly accessible

Q: is there a word for the process of structuring knowledge? Learning? Epistemology?

 * feature request: offline archiving, selective download (ideally in an automated fashion, like with "saved searches"), rating of individual contributions, and analysis of contributions via an adaptation of PageRank

Google Wave Federation: decentralized interactions via the wave protocol Google wave and implications for science : http://wwmm.ch.cam.ac.uk/blogs/murrayrust/?p=2032

Google Search Google Scholar Google Earth Google Docs Google Mail Google Chat Google Images Google Knol Friendfeed

Part I: Inventing science funding basis: http://ways.org/en/blogs/2009/may/24/implementing_fantasy_science_funding focus on transparent reputaion system beyond the Journal Impact Factor

Part II: Inventing scientific collaboration basis: http://ways.org/en/blogs/2008/dec/28/the_journal_scope_in_focus_putting_scholarly_communication_in_context (rethink in terms of waves) and the blog3 proposal

Sidenotes: translations, if harvested from a web corpus, will only work well if there is a large corpus containing the relevant phrases, which is certainly a problem for scientific topics

But it is hard to imagine how these two parameters would not improve in the more transparent and more easily adaptable

cloud computing

baseline funding would allow even low-rated ideas to be pursued until preliminary data are available, or further if several researchers combine their respective funds.

OK, you might say, but what about peer review then? --cite examples from Cameron's letter, or better, on it performing only slightly better than chance alone, and given the costs involved, it is certainly not an effective way of quality assessment.

--needs incentives, not present in the current system

--possibility to invest in selected projects initiated by others is perhaps even better a form of assessment than classical behind-the-doors peer review

adoption of a "posting-in-public" attitude reaches a threshold, the incentives will be on the sides of those who post their stuff immediately (though provisions should be made for some special cases, e.g. concerning the privacy of personal data from human subjects and patients).

--not designed to detect fraud. Nor is wiki-based communication, but it facilitates to detect fraud.

I'm sure you will have noticed, but I feel I should mention it nonetheless: this blog post was inspired by Google who posed the question "What would email look like if it were invented today?" last Thursday and answered it during the same impressive presentation with Google Wave (briefly announced in my previous post) - a tool.
 * the above paragraph could also go into the lead (rephrased)

http://zope.cetis.ac.uk/members/scott/blogview?entry=20090601115357 http://thinkvitamin.com/dev/six-ways-that-google-wave-is-going-to-change-your-business-career-and-life/ http://blog.openwetware.org/scienceintheopen/2009/05/30/omg-this-changes-everything-or-yet-another-wave-of-adulation/ http://bjoern.brembs.net/news.php?item.521.3 http://www.suntimes.com/business/1606282,ihnatko-google-wave-060309.article http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/indepth/38904 http://howpublishingreallyworks.blogspot.com/2009/06/guest-post-google-wave-by-david-h.html http://forum.citizendium.org/index.php?topic=2706.msg21441#msg21441 http://pathtosustainable.wordpress.com/2009/06/02/talking-science/ http://www.endesha.com/blog/on-google-wave-part-1-architecture/
 * Google Wave Widgets
 * Six reasons why it may become important
 * Cameron's initial comments
 * http://blog.openwetware.org/scienceintheopen/2009/06/08/google-wave-in-research-the-slightly-more-sober-view-part-i-papers/
 * Bj√∂rn's initial comments
 * Chicago Sun Times
 * Michael Nielsen: Doing science in the open
 * Google Wave, by David H Burton
 * Transclusion gets the wiki close
 * Going Beyond a Public Understanding of Science to Give the Public a Voice
 * A series of five blog posts:

http://stackoverflow.com/faq
 * Voting/ reputation scheme implemented:

http://www.onlinecourses.org/2009/06/09/100-awesome-open-source-tools-for-writers-journalists-and-bloggers/
 * 100 Awesome Open Source Tools for Writers, Journalists, and Bloggers

http://cameronneylon.wikidot.com/head-in-the-clouds-automated-experimentation
 * Cameron Neylon: Head in the Clouds: Re-imagining the experimental laboratory record for the web-based networked world

http://friendfeed.com/the-life-scientists/ce7887f1/hi-all-please-have-look-at-this-almost-completed http://wiki.okfn.org/wg/science/1#
 * Poster pre-conference review
 * organizing meetings via IRC

http://www.infoworld.com/print/38839
 * Programming: 10 principles that will guide the evolution of scripting languages in the future

http://friendfeed.com/the-life-scientists/41fa74f8/vision-of-traffic-international-journal
 * TRAFFIC in 2020

A possible fourth component would be the communication of selected details of the approach to other members of the scientific community (usually separately for each component - as grant proposals, publications, and control experiments in related studies, respectively). The decoupling of this fourth component from the other three, however, is simply a trait contemporary science has inherited from the paper-based era, and in most cases not a technical necessity today.

Currently, we do this chiefly by means of publishing journal articles or monographs and by giving talks or presenting posters at conferences.

(1) identification of a gap in existing knowledge

(let us call them "research" and "learning" here)

system whose only input are verifiable observations and whose output is in which existing and newly created knowledge

in which the creation and maintenance of knowledge are intimately integrated with one another and based on verifiable observation (be these empirical, experimental or theoretical).

any coherently organized system of knowledge attained by verifiable observation or logical vindicatio

that creates and provides knowledge in a way that both processes can effectively feed on each other. integrated

our leaders had judged our current knowledge system to be approximately coherently structured but in dire need of a wholesale revision of its interface to observations: research. They added three more points:
 * The observations should initially feed on the existing knowledge system but easily adapt as the system changes.
 * The knowledge system, in turn, should feed exclusively on verifiable observations, but easily, quickly and transparently adapt as the system changes.
 * You are in charge.

procedural knowledge

The point here is to make use, right from the start, of the most appropriate technologies available on our planet today (ignore, for the time being, where these may have come from, or imagine, for simplicity, that they were given to us by an alien civilization to which we have lost contact).

Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778)[1] [2] established for the first time a widely acceptable and fruitful set of principles for classifying plants and animals into the groupings we know

that the interface should make use of the most appropriate technologies available today, that it should only allow verifiable observations

you were charged with a wholesale redesign (and thus basically the invention) of an evolving structured knowledge system that feeds on and into verifiable observations. Knowledge in this context includes procedural knowledge like drawing, singing or programming skills, and observations may well be abstract, e.g. concerning the behaviour of a mathematical function when it approaches a singularity. Suppose further that an acceptably coherent knowledge system were already existing (ignore, for the time being, where it may have come from, or imagine, for simplicity, that it was given to us by an alien civilization to which we have lost contact) but it is rather static - what is missing is the interface to observation, something that feeds both on and into the knowledge system: research.

Citizendium: Science is "any coherently organized system of knowledge attained by verifiable observation or logical vindication".

Me: the cyclic process of verifiable observation that feeds on and into a coherently structured system of knowledge.

To me, "observations" includes abstract notions like observing the behaviour of a mathematical function when it approaches a singularity.

Definitions: scientists:  One who works on scientific principles. http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/50215801?query_type=word&queryword=science&first=1&max_to_show=10&single=1&sort_type=alpha

science: 5 b. In modern use, often treated as synonymous with ‚ÄòNatural and Physical Science‚Äô, and thus restricted to those branches of study that relate to the phenomena of the material universe and their laws, sometimes with implied exclusion of pure mathematics. This is now the dominant sense in ordinary use. http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/50215796?query_type=word&queryword=science&first=1&max_to_show=10&single=1&sort_type=alpha


text: File:Unified Comm Mgt-1.JPG

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: File:Unified Comm Mgt-1.JPG


text:
User:Starvoid

Starvoid is a name i would like to see used in the Solar System.

title: User:Starvoid


text:
User:Locos epraix

If you search me, try in the English Wikipedia.

title: User:Locos epraix


text:
User:Locos epraix/monobook.js

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title: User:Locos epraix/monobook.js


text:
User:Asustudent

I'm a NC Community College instructor and currently enrolled in a graduate course at ASU.

title: User:Asustudent


text:
User:P051t1v3

Writing p051t1v3-ly to change a n364t1v3 world...

title: User:P051t1v3


text:
Islamic banking

"Ijarah" (also written as “ijara”) is a term of Islamic fiqh. Lexically, it means 'to give something on rent'. In the Islamic jurisprudence, the term 'Ijarah' is used for two different situations. In the first place, it means 'to employ the services of a person on wages given to him as a consideration for his hired services." The employer is called 'musta’jir' while the employee is called 'ajir'.

Therefore, if A has employed B in his office as a manager or as a clerk on a monthly salary, A is musta’jir, and B is an ajir. Similarly, if A has hired the services of a porter to carry his baggage to the airport, A is a musta’jir while the porter is an ajir, and in both cases the transaction between the parties is termed as Ijarah. This type of Ijarah includes every transaction where the services of a person are hired by someone else. He may be a doctor, a lawyer, a teacher, a laborer or any other person who can render some valuable services. Each one of them may be called an 'ajir' according to the terminology of Islamic law, and the person who hires their services is called a 'musta’jir', while the wages paid to the ajir are called their 'ujrah'. Labor

The second type of Ijarah relates to the usufructs of assets and properties, and not to the services of human beings. 'Ijarah' in this sense means 'to transfer the usufruct of a particular property to another person in exchange for a rent claimed from him.' In this case, the term 'Ijarah' is analogous to the English term 'leasing'. Here the lessor is called 'Mu’jir', the lessee is called 'musta’jir' and the rent payable to the lessor is called 'ujrah'.

Both these kinds of 'Ijarah' are thoroughly discussed in the literature of Islamic jurisprudence and each one of them has its own set of rules. But for the purpose of the present book, the second type of Ijarah is more relevant, because it is generally used as a form of investment, and as a mode of financing also.

The rules of Ijarah, in the sense of leasing, is very much analogous to the rules of sale, because in both cases something is transferred to another person for a valuable consideration. The only difference between Ijarah and sale is that in the latter case the corpus of the property is transferred to the purchaser, while in the case of Ijarah, the corpus of the property remains in the ownership of the transferor, but only its usufruct i.e. the right to use it, is transferred to the lessee.

Therefore, it can easily be seen that 'Ijarah' is not a mode of financing in its origin. It is a normal business activity like sale. However, due to certain reasons, and in particular, due to some tax concessions it may carry, this transaction is being used in the Western countries for the purpose of financing also. Instead of giving a simple interest - bearing loan, some financial institutions started leasing some equipment’s to their customers. While fixing the rent of these equipment, they calculate the total cost they have incurred in the purchase of these assets and add the stipulated interest they could have claimed on such an amount during the lease period. The aggregate amount so calculated is divided on the total months of the lease period, and the monthly rent is fixed on that basis.

The question whether or not the transaction of leasing can be used as a mode of financing in Shari‘ah depends on the terms and conditions of the contract. As mentioned earlier, leasing is a normal business transaction and not a mode of financing. Therefore, the lease transaction is always governed by the rules of Shari‘ah prescribed for Ijarah. Let us, therefore, discuss the basic rules governing the lease transactions, as enumerated in the Islamic Fiqh. After the study of these rules, we will be able to understand under what conditions the Ijarah may be used for the purpose of financing.

Although the principles of Ijarah are so numerous that a separate volume is required for their full discussion, we will attempt in this chapter to summarize those basic principles only which are necessary for the proper understanding of the nature of the transaction and are generally needed in the context of modern economic practice. These principles are recorded here in the form of brief notes, so that the readers may use them for quick reference.

title: Islamic banking


text:
Vancouver Flower Clock Project/San Pedro Cactus

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This is a Vancouver Flower Clock Project Journal Page for Species Echinopsis pachanoi, Common Names: San Pedro Cactus.

General Info

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Vancouver Flower Clock Project/Hawk's Beard

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This is a Vancouver Flower Clock Project Journal Page for Species Crepis tectorum, Common Names: Hawksbeard.

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June

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Hermaphrodites

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Vancouver Flower Clock Project/Wall Rocket 2

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User:Sjwillis39

Welcome to my page
I don't have the most time in the world to really put in a lot of information, but a quick background about myself, I have a bacholor's degree in Economics from California State University, Sacramento and I am curently working toward obtaining my masters in Economics from California State University, East Bay. I am currently employeed in the telecomunications industry working within our IT department as a Project Manager. I have a passion for history, politics and sports. I enjoy a good debate and try to keep an open mind going in to discussions.

title: User:Sjwillis39


text:
Talk:Principles of Economics

Major Changes
I have made some major changes to make this appear more as an actual course introduction with links to lectures about specific topics.

My intention with this course is to provide an introduction to Economics. This course would be for someone who has very little background in Economics and introduces the tools and concepts that later courses can build upon and go in depth further.

I think that it is important to create a good introductory course to give a students a solid foundation to expand upon.

If anyone would like to contribute to the lectures feel free. I haven't done any real planning about how they should look or flow so any suggestions would be nice. I am interested in exanding this school and to building it into one of the better schools on this site. Sjwillis39 18:38, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Principles of Economics


text:
10 Principles of Economics

In brief Economics study how Money Supply, Business and Industry are organized, basic principles may be laid down below:-

Gregory Mankiw in his Principles of Economics outlines Ten Principles of Economics that we will replicate here, they are:

 * 1) People face trade-offs.
 * 2) The cost of something is what you give up getting it.
 * 3) Rational people think at the marginal cost and marginal revenue.
 * 4) People respond to incentives.
 * 5) Trade can make everyone better off.
 * 6) Markets are usually a good way to organize economic activity.
 * 7) Governments can sometimes improve market outcomes.
 * 8) A country's standard of living depends on its ability to produce goods and services.
 * 9) Growth of money leads to inflation
 * 10) Society faces a short-run tradeoff between Inflation and unemployment.

1. People face trade offs Trade Off involved with giving up one aspects or quantity for something in return of aspects and quantity.

 * “There is no such thing as a free lunch. Making decisions requires trading one goal for another.
 * Examples include how students spend their time, how a family decides to spend its income, how the government spends revenue, and how regulations may protect the environment at a cost to firm owners.
 * A special example of a trade-off is the trade-off between efficiency and equity.
 * Efficiency: the property of society getting the maximum benefits from its scarce resources.
 * Equity: the property of distributing economic prosperity fairly among the members of society.
 * For example, tax paid by wealthy people and then distributed to poor may improve equity but lower the incentive for hard work and therefore reduce the level of output produced by our resources.
 * This implies that the cost of this increased equality is a reduction in the efficient use of our resources.
 * Another Example is “guns and butter”: The more we spend on national defense(guns) to protect our borders, the less we can spend on consumer goods (butter) to raise our standard of living at home.
 * Recognizing that trade-offs exist does not indicate what decisions should or will be made.

Because people face trade-offs, making decisions requires comparing the costs and benefits of alternative courses of action.

 * The cost of…
 * …going to college for a year is not just the tuition, books, and fees, but also the foregone wages.
 * …seeing a movie is not just the price of the ticket, but the value of the time you spend in the theatre.
 * This is called opportunity cost of resource.
 * Opportunity cost: whatever must be given up in order to obtain some item, or the value of the next best alternative foregone.
 * When making any decision, decision makers should consider the opportunity costs of each individual possibility.

3. Rational people think at the margin
When a firm wants to make the economic decision of hiring an additional labor, the firm access the additional output the new labor will add to the total output. Hiring only takes place when the marginal product of the labor is greater than or equal to the marginal cost of the labor. Same for when a consumer decides to consumer an additional unit of a commodity.

Economists generally assume that people are rational.

 * Rational: systematically and purposefully doing the best you can to achieve your objectives.
 * Consumers want to purchase the bundle of goods and services that allow them the greatest level of satisfaction given their incomes and the prices they face.
 * Firms want to produce the level of output that maximizes their profits.
 * Many decisions in life involve incremental decisions: Should I remain in school this semester? Should I take another course this semester? Should I study an additional hour for tomorrow’s exam?
 * Rational people often make decisions by comparing marginal benefits and marginal costs.
 * If the additional satisfaction obtained by an addition in the units of a commodity is equal to the price a consumer is willing to pay for that commodity, he achieves maximum satisfaction, which is the main goal of every rational consumer.
 * Example: Suppose that flying a 200-seat plane across the country costs the airline $1,000,000, which means that the average cost of each seat must cost $5000 to break even. Suppose that the plane is minutes away from departure and a passenger is willing to pay $3000 for a seat. Should the airline sell the seat for $3000? In this case, the marginal cost of an additional passenger is very small.
 * Another example: Why is water so cheap while diamonds are expensive? Because water is plentiful, the marginal benefit of an additional cup is small. Because diamonds are rare, the marginal benefit of an extra diamond is high.

4. People respond to incentives

 * Incentive is something that induces a person to act [by offering rewards or punishments to people who change their behavior].
 * Because rational people make decisions by comparing costs and benefits, they respond to incentives.
 * Incentives may possess a negative or a positive intention.

For example, by offering a raise in the salary of whoever works harder can induce people to work hard which is a positive incentive. Whereas putting a tax on a good, fuel, can induce people to consume it less which is a negative incentive.

How People Interact With Each Other
Being a Rational Consumer each and every Consumer will interact with each other in a best possible effort for getting maximum benefit from their limited income.

5. Trade can make everyone better

 * Trade is not like a sports competition, where one side gains and the other side loses.
 * Consider trade that takes place inside your home. Your family is likely to be involved in trade with other families on a daily basis. Most families do not build their own homes, make their own clothes, or grow their own food.
 * Countries benefit from trading with one another as well.
 * Trade allows for specialization in products that benefits countries (or families) - comparative advantage
 * For example, it was widely believed for centuries that in international trade one country's gain from an exchange must be the other country's loss.
 * For example, giving the incentive of getting better grades in return for not having to take an exam.

6. Markets are usually a good way to organize economic activity
Many countries that once had centrally planned economies have abandoned this system and are trying to develop market economies.

Markets are where the buyers and sellers can meet to get goods and exchange items.
 * Market economy: an economy that allocates resources through the decentralized decisions of many firms and households as they interact in markets for goods and services.
 * Market prices reflect both the value of a product to consumers and the cost of the resources used to produce it.
 * Centrally planned economies have failed because they did not allow the market to work.
 * Adam Smith and the Invisible Hand
 * Adam Smith’s 1776 work suggested that although individuals are motivated by self-interest, an invisible hand guides this self-interest into promoting society’s economic well-being.

7. Government can sometimes improve market outcomes
There are two broad reasons for the government to interfere with the economy: the promotion of efficiency and equity.
 * Government policy can be most useful when there is market failure.
 * Market failure: a situation in which a market left on its own fails to allocate resources efficiently.
 * Examples of Market Failure
 * Externality: the impact of one person’s actions on the well-being of a bystander. (Ex.: Pollution)
 * Definition of market power: the ability of a single economic actor (or small group of actors) to have a substantial influence on market prices.
 * Because a market economy rewards people for their ability to produce things that other people are willing to pay for, there will be an unequal distribution of economic prosperity.
 * Note that the principle states that the government can improve market outcomes. This is not saying that the government always does improve market outcomes.

The Forces and Trends That Affect How the Economy as a Whole Works
We started by discussing how individuals make decisions and then looked at how people interact with one another. All these decisions and interactions together

make up “the economy.” The last three principles concern the workings of the economy as a whole.

8. A country's standard of living depends on country production

 * Differences in the standard of living from one country to another are quite large.
 * Changes in living standards over time are also quite large.
 * The explanation for differences in living standards lies in differences in productivity.
 * Productivity: the quantity of goods and services produced from each hour of a worker’s time.
 * High productivity implies a high standard of living.
 * Thus, policymakers must understand the impact of any policy on our ability to produce goods and services.
 * To boost living standards the policy makers, need to raise productivity by ensuring that workers are well educated, have the tools needed to produce goods and services, and have access to the best available technology.
 * Per capita income of nation

9.Increase in Money Supply Causes the prices to rise

 * Inflation: sustained increase in the overall level of prices in the economy.
 * When the government creates a large amount of money, the value of money falls.
 * The value of money falls when the government creates a lot of money, so individuals have more money and the demand for goods and services increases.
 * When the demand increases, price also increases and creates inflation of money.
 * During the 1970s, for instance, the overall level of prices more than doubled, and President Gerald Ford called inflation "public enemy number one."
 * Examples: Germany after World War I (in the early 1920s), the United States in the 1970s, Zimbabwe in the 2001s and Venezuela in the 2010s.

10. Society faces a short-run tradeoff between inflation and unemployment

 * Most economists believe that the short-run effect of a monetary injection (injecting/adding money into the economy) is lower unemployment and higher prices.
 * An increase in the amount of money in the economy stimulates spending and increases the demand of goods and services in the economy.
 * Higher demand may over time cause firms to raise their prices but in the meantime, it also encourages them to increase the quantity of goods and services they produce and to hire more workers to produce those goods and services. More hiring means lower unemployment.
 * Some economists question whether this relationship still exists.
 * The short-run trade-off between inflation and unemployment plays a key role in analysis of the business cycle.
 * Business cycle: fluctuations in economic activity, such as employment and production.
 * Policymakers can exploit this trade-off by using various policy instruments, but the extent and desirability of these interventions is a subject of continuing debate.

title: 10 Principles of Economics


text:
User:Ismashed

Hi. Im Ismashed and contribute on many wikis. Check me out on Wikipedia Im interested in becoming a programmer and currently taking that course.

title: User:Ismashed


text:
R (programming language)/Tutorials/Algebra

Solving polynomial equations
To solve $$ a x^k + bx^{k-1} +\cdots+ n=0$$, where $$a,b,\dots,n$$ are given integers, use the command

polyroot(c(a,b,...,n))


text: File:Unified Comm Mgt-2.JPG

title: File:Unified Comm Mgt-2.JPG


text:
Vancouver Flower Clock Project/Field Sow Thistle

Back to Vancouver Flower Clock Project

This is a Vancouver Flower Clock Project Journal Page for Species ___, Common Names: Field Sow-Thistle.

General Info

 * Bloom Season

 * Habitat

Flower
The flowers are hermaphrodite.

Medicinal/Food Use
The roasted root can be used as a coffee substitute. Stems can be cooked like asparagus or rubarb.

Notebook
Share a poem, story, memory or anecdote about this plant.

Log a Bloom Observation
To log a bloom observation, sign your name by typing "~". Please indicate if the time and date of observation are different from the time of signing. Be as detailed as possible in your description of the observation. Were the blooms open or closed? How long did you watch? Where were they situated? What were the weather conditions? Were there any surrounding plants, insects? What was your response?. Take a photograph, video or scan an image and upload it using Special:Upload.


text:
User talk:Alex Edelsward

Hello Former Student!

I'm writing to you because you took a class from me in the past few years at the Art Institute. As of Spring, 2010, I'll not be teaching further classes at AIS for the foreseeable future. (We're parting ways on good terms!) Until now, you've been able to reach my Wikiversity educational resources from my website, but I've decided to delete that link. You can still reach all of those materials here.

If you're interested in what I'm up to in the future (which will include an album in 2010 and a novel in 2011) you can friend my facebook page or drop me an email at info@stevenarntson.info and you'll receive a periodic update about performances, classes, and publications.

If you know any current or former students of mine who might be interested in any of this, please forward this information if you have a moment.

I hope all is well for you.
 * Best! Stevenarntson

From Alex Lee--

I really like your Pangea story. I thought it was unique, and it reminded me of a book I read a long time ago. It sets up the scene quite well, and although there isn't really any character interaction I do feel that it has a nice amount of depth overall. I would love if you revisited this story to further explains the other effects of the virus (Are there mutations? If so, what kind?) just more overall detail and refinement would make it a more complete piece, but as a blurb or a starting point it is quite effective. You could also go into maybe a small story of one such event of upper tier people starting rumors, or more about the survivor. Who is he? Where did he come from? How is he surviving?

title: User talk:Alex Edelsward


text:
R (programming language)/Tutorials/Linear algebra

Matrices: definition and multiplication
> b=matrix(nrow=2,ncol=2,c(1,2,3,4)) > a=matrix(nrow=2,ncol=2,c(1,0,0,-1)) > a    [,1] [,2] [1,]   1    0 [2,]    0   -1 > b     [,1] [,2] [1,]   1    3 [2,]    2    4 > a%*%b [,1] [,2] [1,]   1    3 [2,]   -2   -4 > b%*%a [,1] [,2] [1,]   1   -3 [2,]    2   -4 >

Solving a linear equation
> m=matrix(nrow=2,ncol=2,c(1,-.8,1,.2)) > m    [,1] [,2] [1,] 1.0  1.0 [2,] -0.8  0.2 > > l=matrix(c(1.0+25.0/18,25.0/18.0)) > l        [,1] [1,] 2.388889 [2,] 1.388889 > > k=solve(m,l) > k          [,1] [1,] -0.9111111 [2,] 3.3000000 > > m%*%k          #checking the answer [,1] [1,] 2.388889 [2,] 1.388889 >


text:
Public Pupil Pizza Project/Public Speaking and Presentations

Public speaking is very often seen as a time when you are evaluated and judged by the audience, hence the presence of stage fear. One way of overcoming this ubiquitous fear could be to train young children to perform/speak/present their work to small groups of their peers. This method is commonly employed by schools that claim to train their children in communication skills ( very common in India, China, Taiwan, etc.). This method does little for grownups. People who are accomplished in their field of work but fear public appearances are left out in the cold by this approach. Such persons need a different approach. A little intellectualizing, and a little insight into themselves.

Intellectualize: What is fear? Why do people fear the stage? What if?

Look within:

What are my fears? What is the basis of this fear? What do I self-talk just before I am overcome by this fear? --Chandra Janakiraman 05:33, 17 June 2009 (UTC)


text:
User:BoggessT/Shakespeare's 11th Sonnet

When I first read through Shakespeare's 11th Sonnet, it was fairly clear to me what them he was portraying. It is a theme which goes accordingly with Shakespeare's other Sonnets: "beautiful people should pro-create,"  as stated by my instructor. As I read through the Sonnet, I came to realize it wasn't saying beautiful people should expand their bloodline, but only beautiful people; "Let those whom nature had not made for store, Harsh, featureless,  and rude, barrenly perish."

After drawing out the theme, a more difficult task I encountered was the use of old English, which potentially had a completely different meaning behind them. One of the main words I was not too familiar with was "threescore." I had a general understanding that it meant three or three times. After I conducted a bit of research and other contexts of the word, I found that it meant three times twenty, or sixty. Shakespeare uses the term in his Sonnet to describe the typical lifespan of a person during his times, "And threescore year would make the world away."

As stated before, the structure or the words themselves can hold a different meaning. For example, in the second line, "In one of thine, from that which though departest," was not clear to me. So once again I did my research and the results were promising. "In one of thine," was explained as "In a child of yours," which now makes sense to me, for it ties in with the rest of the Sonnet.

One line I found really intriguing was the fifth; "Herein lives wisdom, beauty, and increase." I found it to almost be saying it is your responsibility to expand your bloodline, while going along with only if your beautiful. Furthermore, and more bluntly, Shakespeare writes; if you don't breed the only thing left for you is old age and death, for your beauty will not live on. It almost seems to me that Shakespeare may have had a narcissistic quality towards others, which arose the question of 'to whom was Shakespeare writing to?' Was this person that beautiful in his eyes?

All in all, I found Shakespeare's 11th Sonnet to be a little shallow, however we do not know who he was addressing. But we do know that person is worthy of expanding their bloodline, for "Look whom she best endowed."

title: User:BoggessT/Shakespeare's 11th Sonnet


text:
User:Aaking25

My name is Amanda. I am a grad student at ASU in New Media and Global Education.

title: User:Aaking25


text:
User:Timothymcinnis

Self Assessment
I thought of starting this self assessment out with a mind provoking quote from some famous philosopher or someone that changed the course of history, but only came up with my own fashion advice “ Foundation, Foundation, Foundation”. If you want to stuff 11lb of potatoes into a 6lb sack you better have a good foundation. Nothing mind blowing that can be past onto your grandchildren, but words to live by.

I don’t think I learned anything new in terms of writing skills,but I made sure I took your class because of your unconventional teaching method. Your classes are always interesting and I do get something out of them because of the passion you have for the written word.

The research papers were all interesting to me.Copyright laws can be as fun as a pulled tooth, body modification is always a crowd pleaser and anything high tech in this school gets attention by all. I love geography and wanted to work that into our research so that is how we ended up with our subject of climate change. I found that all of the presented research to be fascinating and provoking. At one time in my life I have been expose to some of the topic that were covered and now I am being exposed to subjects I had no idea existed. I liked the people in my group, but even Beatniks have to show up for class.

Thank you (GO WIKIVERSITY)

title: User:Timothymcinnis


text:
Microeconomics

Welcome to Introduction to Microeconomics. Wikipedia defines Microeconomics to be "the study of the economic behaviour of individual consumers, firms, and industries and the distribution of production and income among them".

This is an introduction to microeconomic analysis of the workings of supply and demand in the determination of price, resource allocation, and distribution. In this course markets are analyzed for their effect on economic efficiency and income distribution.

But what does this mean? "The study of economic behavior". One of the key concepts in Economics is the idea of scarcity. Society as a whole has unlimited wants, and scarcity occurs because there are not enough resources to satisfy these wants. Economic behavior comes into play when deciding how to allocate the resources available.

Lectures

 * Lecture I: Introduction to Microeconomics
 * Key Terms:
 * Supply, Quantity Supplied, Law of Supply, Demand, Quantity Demanded, Law of Demand, Equilibrium
 * Practice Problems: /Practice Problems
 * Solutions: /Solutions

 * Lecture II: /Supply Demand and Equilibrium/
 * Key Terms:
 * Supply, Quantity Supplied, Law of Supply, Demand, Quantity Demanded, Law of Demand, Equilibrium
 * Practice Problems: /Practice Problems
 * Solutions: /Solutions

 * Lecture III: /The Effects of Taxation/
 * Key Terms:
 * Excise Tax, Sales Tax
 * Practice Problems: /Practice Problems
 * Solutions: /Solutions

 * Lecture IV: /Indifference Curves and Budget Lines/
 * Key Terms:
 * Indifference, Indifference Curve, Budget Line

 * Lecture V: /Building the demand curve/
 * Key Terms:
 * Normal, Inferior, Ordinary, Giffen

 * Lecture VI: /Types of Markets/
 * Key Terms:
 * Oligopoly, Perfect Competition, Monopoly

 * Lecture VII: /Consumer Theory/
 * Key Terms:
 * Preferences, Utility Function, Expenditure Function, Marshallian Demand Curves, Hicksian Demand Curves

title: Microeconomics


text:
User talk:D.Macdonald

Hello Former Student!

I'm writing to you because you took a class from me in the past few years at the Art Institute. As of Spring, 2010, I'll not be teaching further classes at AIS for the foreseeable future. (We're parting ways on good terms!) Until now, you've been able to reach my Wikiversity educational resources from my website, but I've decided to delete that link. You can still reach all of those materials here.

If you're interested in what I'm up to in the future (which will include an album in 2010 and a novel in 2011) you can friend my facebook page or drop me an email at info@stevenarntson.info and you'll receive a periodic update about performances, classes, and publications.

If you know any current or former students of mine who might be interested in any of this, please forward this information if you have a moment.

I hope all is well for you.
 * Best! Stevenarntson

/style response/

title: User talk:D.Macdonald


text:
User talk:D.Macdonald/style response

My response to your style piece

After reading through your piece "the note," as I may refer to it, it brought back a few memories of similar stories/concepts. Even thought the central theme may be different it made me recall a few notable media pieces such as: Farrenheit 451, Equilibrium, and 12 Monkeys. One thing that always bothered me about literature based on time travel is the fact that the past cannot be changed. Well, at least in theory it cannot, but how do we really know?

I suppose the main reason why I recalled these other media pieces is the fact that character that had written the note said he "found his way into the underground," which goes accordingly with similar societies in the other media. I did enjoy the fact that the author of the note is very underground, as haggard as he is, he is willing to take a chance at the age of 40, and change the past/present/future.

My main question to this piece...is there more? I am officially intrigued.

Anyways, to return to matters; Your character presents a second objective, which he deems as important as his primary. He is very willing to go back in time, with  a "currently" outdated weapon, as to not disrupt the past any further than is main objective.

After rereading the note, something snapped in my mind, "The Terminator!" Well that is, the terminator minus the human exterminating robots. I found it to be quite similar though, with Dominic and Damian being the "almost" human exterminators of 2040. All in all, this note has potential and hopefully there is more to come. I have always been a fan of these type of theme based works.

title: User talk:D.Macdonald/style response


text:
User:BoggessT/response to D.Macdonald's style entry

After reading through your piece "the note," as I may refer to it, it brought back a few memories of similar stories/concepts. Even thought the central theme may be different it made me recall a few notable media pieces such as: Farrenheit 451, Equilibrium, and 12 Monkeys. One thing that always bothered me about literature based on time travel is the fact that the past cannot be changed. Well, at least in theory it cannot, but how do we really know?

I suppose the main reason why I recalled these other media pieces is the fact that character that had written the note said he "found his way into the underground," which goes accordingly with similar societies in the other media. I did enjoy the fact that the author of the note is very underground, as haggard as he is, he is willing to take a chance at the age of 40, and change the past/present/future.

My main question to this piece...is there more? I am officially intrigued.

Anyways, to return to matters; Your character presents a second objective, which he deems as important as his primary. He is very willing to go back in time, with  a "currently" outdated weapon, as to not disrupt the past any further than is main objective.

After rereading the note, something snapped in my mind, "The Terminator!" Well that is, the terminator minus the human exterminating robots. I found it to be quite similar though, with Dominic and Damian being the "almost" human exterminators of 2040. All in all, this note has potential and hopefully there is more to come. I have always been a fan of these type of theme based works.


text:
User:CarrieBerg/How To Kill A Perfectly Good Story

How to Kill a Perfectly Good Story (or when finding a story dead, how to revive it.)
I know you have read them. Books with wonderful ideas behind them: marvelous concepts, great characters, impressive worlds. And then it all goes wrong. The author, seemingly so brilliant at first glance, kills their own story. And once being killed there is no way to revive it. So it flops and flounders for pages (or, shudder, two or ten more books) until the idea is so far beyond dead that it might as well be considered a zombie. Zombie books are never good. They are depressing things. Constant reminders to all that could have gone well, but didn't.

It has long been a habit of mine to read such zombie monstrosities. I like to live dangerously - those books could eat my brains! Or at the very least rot them. Over time I have cataloged the many ways books die. I have also set up a list of likely authorial culprits: the types of authors who let their books die. Let's now take a look at this list:

The Pretentious Thesaurus User

How to identify them: Smug look of self-satisfaction. Carries around an antique dictionary. Always wins at scrabble.

Favorite saying: "I have a prodigious vocabulary.  You are incredulous of me?  Allow me to demonstrate my phraseological prowess..."

An example of such writing:

"Above her head the sky rippled, a candent pewter pond. From the glaucous downward-curving hills around it shining villages like jasper berries seemed to hang suspended.  Before her, a serpentine construction of shimmering glass and enchanted iron glimmering bright as silver crouched above a cinereous roadway, which seemed to disappear within it." Page 13, Dream Dancer by Janet Morris.

Yes, the image is quite poetic, but dammit, I can use a thesaurus too! Frankly, the impressive use of four syllable words is wearing on me. When I have to snatch up "the" in a sentence as a drowning man gulps air, I know you have a problem.

Set the book down. Now back away from the thesaurus slowly. It's OK to be plebian.

When I have to look up three or more words in a paragraph in order to understand what the hell is going on, you've lost me. And if you've lost me, how many other readers have given up? As for words, candent is fine. Glaucous means blue-green (why not use some other easier to understand synonym?) Cinereous means ashy-gray (like cinders.)  When every paragraph in the entire book is like this, it becomes really hard to swallow. Especially when the main character, who is supposed to be uneducated at first, is making these comments!

I firmly believe that some long words are good, even needed. But not that much. They are like lemon in a vodka martini - a little hint is good, but when the drink tastes more like lemon and not at all like vodka, it's time to cut back on the lemon.

The Clever Coincidence Creator

How to identify them: Garishly colored tie. Cheesy grin.

Favorite saying: "What a coincidence! I (have that/have been there/grew up there) too!"

Six degrees of separation at it's worst. Every character is revealed to be related to another character. Every action is affected by every other action. Nothing is spontaneous, because in Chapter 10 we found out that, oh, the person they just met has been searching for the main character since she was five and the main character's best friend was her ex-lover and she used to be the High Priestess of the temple, so breaking in there will be easy now that they met her and her favorite drink just happens to be the final ingredient they need to defeat the evil overlord. Come on. Sometimes things just happen. Everything does not have to be part of some master plan. Play God with something else - and leave your writing out of it!

The Lazy Backstory Checker

How to identify them: Slouches. Always forgetful. Take copious note then promptly loses them.

Favorite saying: "Once, when I was camping... No wait, not camping, swimming, I found a ring. Um, no, wrong again... a necklace!  And this necklace ended up being made out of gold... Oops, that's not right... not gold... but silver!  Yes, silver.  And I...

They never get it right. They wrote the book, but they still get the facts wrong. Names change spelling. Years change. Times and dates change. The worst is when the author changes a characters personality drastically from one book to the next. Once, I even read a book where the main character changed sex for a paragraph (she became he.) Was it intentional? Was it a simple error the editor missed? Who knows? Next time, keep some notes and make sure they are sorted, indexed and filed away for later use. Or at least do a "find and replace" before you turn the story in?

The Flat Author

How to identify them: 2-Dimensional. Always wears the same clothing. Doesn't change much.

Favorite saying: "Why change a good thing?"

You've read one book by the author, and it was pretty good. So you read the author's next book, hoping for some more and... it's exactly the same. Sure, the names have changed, the places are different, but the plot has been plagiarized from their own work. How sad is that? Usually this goes on for books and books, an endless rehash of a story that was great on the first telling, and not so great on the fourth (or twenty-fourth). Try something new already! A little growth is good for you!

The Multiple Main-Character Fanatic

How to identify them: Split personality. Often multitasks - and is usually unsuccessful.

Favorite saying: "The more the merrier!"

One is typical, two is fine, three is OK, even four is manageable. Five, six, seven, eight, can start to cause problems, but over ten? Twelve? Now things are getting out of hand. How many main characters do you need? What is the author trying to do? Create they own chess set? How about minor characters? They are just as important, or do you believe that there are no pawns in your world? And then the author breaks them up into groups - five main characters here, six over in that part of the world, three over here. How is one person supposed to keep track of all those people? Just because I can doesn't mean everyone can! Hell, it even gets tiresome for me sometimes. Hmmm, I haven't heard about Main Character #3 in ten chapters, I wonder where he went... oh, wait, I no longer care.

The Great Writer with the Poor Editor

How to identify them: They look completely normal at first, but they have a shadow that moves on its own (and often seems to be engulfing them.) There seems to be something holding them back.

Favorite saying: "_ __ ____", editor jumps in, "This phraze been editted for you're safety..."

Not to be confused with The Lazy Backstory Checker. These are obvious mistakes. Not with facts, but with how it is written. This is often the most painful way a story can die. The book is great: the concept, the characters, everything should be fine. And then, page after page, there are spelling mistakes. Grammatical errors. Entire chunks of unfinished sentences. Once, I read a book where anything in italics had not been edited. It was awful. There was one paragraph where a sentence was cut in half - it started, then four sentences were placed in it, then it ended. I was so confused until I realized the whole sentence was supposed to have been moved, but only half had been (and no one noticed the glaring error!) Sadly, that killed the book for me. It was a great book, but I could no longer read the italicized paragraphs without wincing. At least that happened in the last book of a series and not the beginning, so I could finish the book. But I was deeply disappointed. Remember, when editing read the italics too!


text: User:Graeme E. Smith/Naive Realism in Phenomenal Philosophy


text:
User:7acrewood

Anne's profile
An avid hiker and outdoor-lover, I've spent a good bit of time in the classroom.
 * 1) graduate of Wake Forest University (B.A. Sociology, M.A. Middle School Education)
 * 2) Curriculum Specialist via UNC-Greensboro, doctorate level
 * 3) assorted courses at Salem College, Forsyth Tech Community College, Winston-Salem State University
 * 4) NBPTS-certified teacher, Early Adolescence/Generalist; 1999-2019
 * 5) high school teacher, 19 years
 * 6) and a middle school teacher, 9 years.

With a background strong in special education, I think creatively and enjoy change, growth, and learning. I am exploring Web 2.0 through an online course in Appalachian State University's Distance Learning certificate program.

Interests

 * hiking  Sierra Club supporter
 * backpacking
 * swimming
 * dancing - nothing fancy, just movin' and groovin' to the music
 * metaphysics
 * the environment
 * solar energy
 * music - playing and enjoying
 * writing
 * laughter
 * time with friends

'''
Links to other profiles ==''' ==

Wiktionary profile: 7acrewood

Wikipedia profile: 7acrewood

7acrewood 15:01, 18 June 2009 (UTC)

title: User:7acrewood


text:
User:Albuseer

Hello, I am from Shanghai, P.R.China.

I am now study at Shanghai Tianshan Middle School and I don't like the education there. So I decided to join Wikiversity, to study freely.

title: User:Albuseer


text:
Dutch Language/Greetings

Lesson Overview
In this lesson you will learn:
 * How to greet someone in Dutch and to say goodbye

Explanation
Greetings are really easy in Dutch. One word will do: "Hoi".

"Hoi" means "Hi". That's easy of course. But you don't greet an elder with "Hi". You will always put the word "sir" in the sentence. So then we get: "Hoi, meneer."

Another way to greet someone is to say "Good Day, sir." In Dutch we say: "Goedendag, meneer." All right, so those are basic greetings. But in English you almost always say "How are you?" after a greeting. (American: "How are you doing?" Australian: "How are you going?") In Dutch it is: "Hoe gaat het?" If you say "Goodbye" to someone "Hoi" will also do.

You can also say to someone in high regards (teacher, businessman, boss, etc.): "Goedendag meneer", which means "Good Day, sir".

Vocabulary

 * Hallo/Hoi = Hi
 * Hoe gaat het? = How are you?
 * Meneer = sir/man
 * Mevrouw = madam/woman
 * Jongen = boy
 * Meisje = girl
 * Doei/Dag = Bye
 * Tot ziens = See you

title: Dutch Language/Greetings


text:
User:FilRB

'''My name is Filipe, I live in Brazil and I usually edit in Lusophone Wikipedia. If you want to talk to me, please go to my talk page on pt.wiki.'''

title: User:FilRB


text: User:Deus Vult

title: User:Deus Vult


text:
User:Bci2versty

User:Bci2versty/Booksp2
This is a books subpage for Bci2versty

title: User:Bci2versty


text:
User:Bci2versty/my talk

My Talk Page for User:Bci2versty
This is a start up talk page

title: User:Bci2versty/my talk


text:
Vancouver Flower Clock Project/Hawkweed

Back to Vancouver Flower Clock Project

This is a Vancouver Flower Clock Project Journal Page for Species Picris hieracioides, Common Names: Hawkweed.

General Info

 * Bloom Season

 * Habitat

Notebook
Share a poem, story, memory or anecdote about this plant.

Log a Bloom Observation
To log a bloom observation, sign your name by typing "~". Please indicate if the time and date of observation are different from the time of signing. Be as detailed as possible in your description of the observation. Were the blooms open or closed? How long did you watch? Where were they situated? What were the weather conditions? Were there any surrounding plants, insects? What was your response?. Take a photograph, video or scan an image and upload it using Special:Upload.

title: Vancouver Flower Clock Project/Hawkweed


text:
Vancouver Flower Clock Project/False Sow Thistle

Back to Vancouver Flower Clock Project

This is a Vancouver Flower Clock Project Journal Page for Species Reichardia tingitana, Common Names: False Sow Thistle.

General Info

 * Bloom Season

 * Habitat

Notebook
Share a poem, story, memory or anecdote about this plant.

Log a Bloom Observation
To log a bloom observation, sign your name by typing "~". Please indicate if the time and date of observation are different from the time of signing. Be as detailed as possible in your description of the observation. Were the blooms open or closed? How long did you watch? Where were they situated? What were the weather conditions? Were there any surrounding plants, insects? What was your response?. Take a photograph, video or scan an image and upload it using Special:Upload.


text:
Vancouver Flower Clock Project/Sow Thistle

Back to Vancouver Flower Clock Project

This is a Vancouver Flower Clock Project Journal Page for Species Sonchus oleraceus,

Common Names:

Common sowthistle

Sow thistle

Smooth Sow Thistle

Annual Sow Thistle

Hare's Colwort

Hare's Thistle

Milky Tassel

Swinies .

General Info

 * Bloom Season

 * Habitat

Notebook
Share a poem, story, memory or anecdote about this plant.

Log a Bloom Observation
To log a bloom observation, sign your name by typing "~". Please indicate if the time and date of observation are different from the time of signing. Be as detailed as possible in your description of the observation. Were the blooms open or closed? How long did you watch? Where were they situated? What were the weather conditions? Were there any surrounding plants, insects? What was your response?. Take a photograph, video or scan an image and upload it using Special:Upload.


text:
Vancouver Flower Clock Project/Goat's Beard

Back to Vancouver Flower Clock Project

This is a Vancouver Flower Clock Project Journal Page for Species ragopogon hybridus, Common Names: Goat's Beard.

General Info

 * Bloom Season

 * Habitat

Notebook
Share a poem, story, memory or anecdote about this plant.

Log a Bloom Observation
To log a bloom observation, sign your name by typing "~". Please indicate if the time and date of observation are different from the time of signing. Be as detailed as possible in your description of the observation. Were the blooms open or closed? How long did you watch? Where were they situated? What were the weather conditions? Were there any surrounding plants, insects? What was your response?. Take a photograph, video or scan an image and upload it using Special:Upload.


text:
Vancouver Flower Clock Project/St. Bernard's Lily

Back to Vancouver Flower Clock Project

This is a Vancouver Flower Clock Project Journal Page for Species Anthericum ramosum, Common Names: St. Bernard Lily.

General Info

 * Bloom Season

 * Habitat

Notebook
Share a poem, story, memory or anecdote about this plant.

Log a Bloom Observation
To log a bloom observation, sign your name by typing "~". Please indicate if the time and date of observation are different from the time of signing. Be as detailed as possible in your description of the observation. Were the blooms open or closed? How long did you watch? Where were they situated? What were the weather conditions? Were there any surrounding plants, insects? What was your response?. Take a photograph, video or scan an image and upload it using Special:Upload.


text:
Vancouver Flower Clock Project/Lettuce

Back to Vancouver Flower Clock Project

This is a Vancouver Flower Clock Project Journal Page for Species Lactuca sativa, Common Names: Lettuce.

General Info

 * Bloom Season

 * Habitat

Notebook
Share a poem, story, memory or anecdote about this plant.

Log a Bloom Observation
To log a bloom observation, sign your name by typing "~". Please indicate if the time and date of observation are different from the time of signing. Be as detailed as possible in your description of the observation. Were the blooms open or closed? How long did you watch? Where were they situated? What were the weather conditions? Were there any surrounding plants, insects? What was your response?. Take a photograph, video or scan an image and upload it using Special:Upload.

title: Vancouver Flower Clock Project/Lettuce


text:
User:RueH

Hello! I'm Rue Hesterly. Please, leave me a message, if you are so inclined. Thank you. --RueH 10:52, 19 June 2009 (UTC)

title: User:RueH


text:
User talk:RueH

Hello! I'm Rue Hesterly. Please, leave me a message, if you are so inclined. Thank you. --RueH 10:52, 19 June 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:RueH