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User:Kathleenmccaskie/Sport, Sponsorship and Social Responsibility

Presentation - Sport, Sponsorship and Social Responsibility
Attached is the link to my presentation. This is designed to provide further information regarding the topic of sport, sponsorship and social responsibility. It follows the same structure of the report and can be considered to add supplementary information. All information has been taken from the report, and reference can be found in the associated area within the report. On the final slide all photos used have been sited. The presentation provides a single point of view of the topic, and addresses social responsibility issues surrounding business, politics and sport. The key point of the presentation is that society has evolved changing its opinions regarding what are deemed social responsible. Sport has also evolved, into a multifaceted enterprise, requiring greater input from society for its existence. It is the partnerships between sport and corporate businesses that provoke the social responsibility argument, however for sport, business and many local and international communities to survive this association must be maintained regardless of how socially responsible it may seem. I hope the presentation is found informative, and please read on for a greater understanding of this controversial issue.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NfowlbjmTJA&feature=feedu

Outline - Sport, Sponsorship and Social Responsibility
Sport has played an integral role shaping the society we live in. Successful athletes are promoted to hero or icon status after achieving greatness, and organisations and individual sports have the ability to dictate trends and fads seen across a variety of cultures. Corporate businesses forming strategic sporting alliances often see dramatic increases in their popularity, through promotion and association with successful sporting achievement. The issue then arises whether this influence impacts society in a positive or negative way, and who determines whether such influence is positive or negative, a factor increasingly associated with the concept of corporate social responsibility.

Many sports are seeking corporate sponsorship to survive, an outcome of which is that both their immediate community and their corporate sponsors find themselves with great power to influence the behaviours of society. However, there is a great expectation that this influence will be used in a socially responsible manner. This paper will focus in the relationship of social responsibility and integrity in sport, through an investigation of various partnerships developed between sport and corporate bodies. Consideration will be given to previous tension points, including sponsorship by members of the tobacco and alcohol industries, and the current tension surrounding sponsorship by members of the gambling industry.

Introduction
Sport has evolved into a professional and commercialised industry, and is now considered to be a key contributor within the development of society. Through this increase in importance, sport has also seen an increase in the development of strategic corporate alliances with influential business entities. As the concept of corporate social responsibility increases in popularity among society, these relationships between sport and corporate business come under scrutiny. The three main contributors to sport sponsorship have been through the tobacco, alcohol and gambling industries. Although these industries are not the only contributors to sport funding, the focus of the following discussion will be on these three industries and their impact on sport within a local, national and international level. Society’s acceptance of these industries has changed, deeming their operations to be socially irresponsible. The crucial component of this discussion surrounds the integration of business, politics and sport, and the importance to the sporting industry of this funding. Although society does not directly accept these relationships as socially responsible, the effect on the sport industry through their termination could be fatal.

Corporate Social Responsibility
Corporate social responsibility is becoming increasingly popular to describe the relationship formed between a corporate entity and sport. Corporate social responsibility considers the moral impact organisations can have on society through their actions and decisions. This demands organisations to consider the sustainability of society, compliance to applicable laws, compliance with expectation of stakeholders and international norms of society. Initially sponsorship within a sporting context was considered a form of philanthropy providing wealthy institutions the opportunity to contribute to society through funding sport. The sponsorship relationship today is focused on a business and marketing potential, where the provision of funding results in an expectation of investment return through such areas as exposure and goodwill. Sport possesses many characteristics that are considered attractive to corporate entities considering sponsorship, including the ability to reach specific target groups using a cost effective method of exposure. Less socially desirable entities find additional benefits through the alignment of their products with positive features and success within the sport. Many of these entities also face increasing legislation and regulations limiting their advertising potential, and through sport sponsorship avoid breaking regulations yet still gain exposure to their market. Social responsibility is a key factor that must be considered when building a successful relationship within the sporting institution. History has shown that acceptable behaviours have changed through the development of society, and sport sponsorship regularly faces the predicament of adhering to society's expectation of moral and acceptable standards.

Sport, Sponsorship and Society
Sport in today’s society has developed into an institute providing educational direction and opportunity, and an entertainment enterprise. Sport is viewed as a contributing factor to the health and well-being of society, claiming that people who are physically active tend to lead healthier and happier lives, and also as a key component in social development. Due to increasing significance of the role of sport and its contribution to society, sport has become tantamount to a global institution, inevitably becoming an attractive investment for corporate sponsorship. The characteristics of sport sponsorship support the key corporate, marketing and promotional objectives of a company, making it a powerful instrument as use in expanding the corporate image. Organisations entering into sport sponsorship are confronted with an expectation to conduct business in a socially responsible fashion. The transition of what is deemed to be socially responsible creates problems for many entities considering sport sponsorship, as their products and services that were once considered an acceptable part of society are not longer accepted. The issue is then raised that without these sponsorships, sport funding is affected on a local, national and international level. Examples of the change in society’s expectation of suitable activities are evident in sponsorship from tobacco, alcohol and gambling industry, and the change in regulations that have followed society’ evolution.

Tobacco Sponsorship

Previous debates surrounding sponsorship of sport by tobacco has occurred due to the conflict between cigarettes, health risks and perceived social responsibility. Considerable evidence has been published in a variety of sources revelling the danger to individual health and society as a whole, with regard to the effects of smoking. These resources indicate the harmful effects on major organs of the body, as well as being a risk factor among three diseases holding the highest death rates within Australia, stroke, heart disease and cancer. Research into the health effects of smoking occurred long after cigarettes were introduced into society. During this time, smoking was considered to be an acceptable practice and so sponsorship within sport by tobacco companies was also accepted. The knowledge of the detrimental effects smoking has on society initiated restriction on advertising by tobacco companies in the late 1960s, causing an influx of indirect promotion through the use of sponsorship of sport. Further restrictions banning tobacco and smoking sponsorship in sport occurred, despite argument from tobacco companies that sponsorship and advertisement was directed a current adult smokers, designed to influence their decision of brand use, rather than convert new, young smokers.

Internationally, this issue was at the forefront of controversy within the Formula 1 community. Tobacco sponsorship was first introduced to Grand Prix Racing in 1968. This indirect form of advertisement was invaluable for tobacco companies. Following the World Health Organisation’s proposal to ban all tobacco sponsorship and advertising, the Formula 1 industry suffered great scrutiny due to it continued support from tobacco companies. Until 2006, a world-wide ban on tobacco sponsorship was not in place. From the 1990’s various countries introduced a ban on tobacco sponsorship at different times. Evidence of the Formula 1’s attempt to avoid the termination of tobacco sponsorship was clear through decisions to vary and remove events from the race calendar according to which countries still allowed tobacco sponsorship. Bernie Ecclestone announced to media that particular races, Belgian Grand Prix in 2003 and Canadian Grand Prix in 2004, has been removed from the race calendar due to a major loss in revenue for teams sponsored by tobacco companies. The main contender in tobacco sponsorship in Formula 1 has been Phillip Morris‘ Marlboro cigarettes, which began sponsorship Formula 1 in 1972. A variety of teams and races have been sponsored, however currently Ferrari is the only team maintaining their partnership. Upon Ferrari’s announcement to renew their partnership with Marlboro until 2015, continuing to race under the official title of Scuderia Ferrari Marlboro, outrage towards this decision was expressed by health lobbyist world-wide. Understanding the health risks associated with smoking has changed the perception of social responsibility within society. Evidently restrictions have been implemented to limit sponsorship opportunities for tobacco companies, and due to the attraction of Formula 1 racing, alternative sponsorship opportunities have been sort.

Alcohol Sponsorship

In the age of commercialisation, the alignment of alcohol and sport in varying forms is considered a common practice. The links between alcohol and sport are considered multidimensional including, sponsorship arrangements with teams and individual athletes, sporting clubs operating or becoming affiliated with licence premises, as well as the associating consumption patterns of participants in the form of post-match drinks, or spectator entertainment as part of the sporting experience. Society’s expectation of social responsibility has triggered scrutiny regarding the appropriateness of the partnership between alcohol and sport. An increase in public awareness concerning the impact alcohol abuse has on society has produced constant pressure by governing bodies to place restrictions upon promotion and sponsorship of alcohol within a sports setting. Alcohol is categorised among other products that pose a potential risk to health and portrays a negative image, which has been highly publicised in recent years. This image is associated with spectator violence as well as boorish behaviour by sport stars, participants, and spectators as a direct result of excess consumption of alcohol. Alcohol sponsorship in a sporting context has expanded its exposure to the public through naming rights, signage, clothing and opportunities for direct marketing through product donations and pouring rights. Through the increased exposure and association between sport and alcohol, it has been suggested that these partnerships promote the perception of drinking as an imperative part of sporting culture. Conflict arises from reports of the detrimental effect alcohol has on society, due to the reliance and importance of alcohol sponsorship for the continued development of sport.

In recent years alcohol and its relationship with sport has become a leader in controversy. In 2008, the National Preventative Health Task Force re-opened the debate around sport and alcohol through providing recommendations to the Federal government regarding the regulation of alcohol, to limit its detrimental effect on society. Evidence to support a plan to place restrictions on alcohol sponsorship is provided regularly through disreputable behaviour exhibited by athletes under contract with teams or playing in competitions sponsored by alcohol companies. The NRL has faced a great amount of scrutiny due to the numerous incidences involving high profile players bring the game in to disrepute as a result of excessive alcohol consumption. Brett Stewart, of the Manly Sea Eagles, was dubbed the poster-boy of the NRL 2009 session following his previous year’s success. Follow the lunch-time Manly 2009 session launch, Stewart was asked to leave the premises due to excess alcohol consumption, upon returning home he allegedly assaulted a young lady outside her home. Although Stewart was found to be not guilty, this incident renewed concerns about alcohol sponsorship within the NRL. In contrast to continual troubling reports, there is evidence supporting alcohol sponsorship influence in sport development. Many sporting organisations feel that in the event of a blanket ban over all alcohol sporting sponsorships, over $300million worth of sponsorship would be lost, and it would not actually aid in limiting the binge drinking culture. It was also reported that the sports to be most affected would be the Olympic and second-tier sports such as hockey, netball and basketball as their current sponsors would be likely to terminate current contracts to pursue newly available contracts with high-profile, professional sports. Although great evidence exists supporting a move to place restriction on alcohol sponsorship in sport, the issue of social responsibility must be considered on a broader-scale regarding who such bans would impact, and whether that impact is considered positive or negative.

Gambling Sponsorship

Gambling, as a multifaceted industry, has become one of the fastest growing industries associated with sport, and evidence suggests Australia is a leader in expenditure within the gambling industry. The issue surrounding sport and gambling from a social responsibility stand point is multidimensional. Potential of corruption and damage to the integrity of sport has occurred, however the issue of public health is leading the controversial debate around sport and funding from the gambling industry. Problem gambling places significant strain on the health and well-being of individuals and society as a whole. Problem gamblers have been broken into two-separate categories, an individual exhibiting a pathological disorder where they have a psychological uncontrollable urge to gamble, and individuals who find gambling an addictive behaviour requiring external help and assistance in responsible gambling. It is clearly evident that the gambling industry conflicts with society's expectations of socially responsible behaviour. In contrast, the Productivity Commission report into the gambling industry identified one of the unique aspects of the gaming industry to be its support to the community through funding local sport. Additional, poker machine contributions from Clubs throughout Australia are one of the key funding areas for local and grass-roots sport. Clear evidence of this occurs at a local level within the ACT region. Many of the teams competing in the local AFL competition have direct links and are sponsored by a social club. Within these social clubs large areas within these social clubs are designate to gaming, however the revenue gained is a key factor in enabling these social clubs to support the Canberra AFL community, as well as many other local sport associations and teams. Although the gambling industry clearly conflicts with social responsibility expectations of society, through its detrimental impact on the integrity of sport and most evidently on health and well-being of society, it is clearly evident to be a major contributor to supporting the community and local sport development.

The Interaction Between Business, Politics and Sport
Three of the key contributors - tobacco, alcohol, gambling - to sport funding in society are regularly faced with defending their business actions as socially responsible. As society has developed, a change in attitudes regarding what is deemed to be socially responsible behaviour has also changed. Sport has also developed, becoming a professional and commercialised global industry, requiring increasing support and funding to continue its existence. The interaction between business, politics and sport is clear within the sponsorship and funding area of sport. Corporate entities and the sport industry both rely upon the development of mutually beneficial relationships to ensure continual survival of the sport, and increased promotion and goodwill for the business. Society requires these relationships to be socially responsibly, which draws in a political interest to ensure regulations are met, and these relationships are maintained in the interest of society. Changing values and social expectations regarding the legitimancy of some products are considered socially irresponsible. Corporate social responsibility will continue to cause controversy within the sports industry due to the nature of business actions, and it is only a matter of time before the next socially irresponsible entity appears within a corporate-sports setting.


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User:SarahProudman/Price to play? Australia’s sports Injuries Epidemic

Sport is more than just a pastime within the Australian community; it has shaped the growth and identity of the Australian population and has been known as the nation’s religion. Daily, Australian sporting heroes are celebrated for their new feats but should we really be celebrating something that is contributing to one of the most costly health problems the Australian community has seen?

Injuries from sport and exercise are undoubtedly Australia’s most under-appreciated and costly health problem, affecting the elite gold medal winning, right down to those involved at grass roots level participation. The Australian Sports Commission has reported that over 12 million people aged 15 and over do some form of exercise at least once a week, with 5.2 million of these participants suffering a sports injury, varying from cuts and bruises to serious fractures and hospital stays. Taking into account treatment, rehabilitation, recovery time and absence from work, sports injuries are estimated to cost the community a small figure of $2 billion each year! If this reported figure is correct the total cost to the economy is on par with the current cost of obesity.

This article will discuss the past attempts to alleviate the growing problem and address the fact that there is currently no national agency in Australia to guide sport safety policy and to consider provision of infrastructure. Recommendations will be thoroughly addressed based on investigation of international models of sport injury prevention schemes.

Presentation - A Price to Play: Australia's Sports Injuries Epedemic
Attached is the link to my presentation. This is designed to provide further information regarding the topic of the Australia's Sports Injury Epidemic. It adds supplementary information to the report followed and follows the same structure. All information has been taken from the report, and reference can be found in the associated area within the report. On the final slide all photo links have been acknowledged and provided. The presentation provides a single point of view of the topic, and addresses the growing concern of sports injuries in Australia. The key point of the presentation is that Australia is far behind in the area of injury prevention in sport, when comparing with many international campaigns and schemes. Australia’s past attempts to combat the issue are dismal and something must be done now! Australia needs to establish some form of injury prevention scheme/initiative in order to combat the issue before things get out of hand and the cost of sports injuries overtakes that of obesity. I hope the presentation is found to be informative and interesting, and please read on for a greater understanding of this controversial issue.

Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zDJUCL4oIlM&feature=youtube_gdata

Introduction: Setting the scene
Sport has long played an important cultural role in Australia, and has led to the growth and identity of the Australian community and will continue to do so into the future years. We are often seen as a sport-obsessed nation, our society besotted with watching and playing sport. It would be safe to say that we have all participated in a sport or recreational activity at one stage or another within our lives. The Australian Sports Commission’s most recent Exercise, Recreation and Sport Survey (ERASS) certainly supports this statement by reporting that 12.2 million people aged 15 and over, or 69.4% of the population living in occupied private dwellings, participated at least once per week in physical activity for exercise, recreation or sport in the year of 2010.

It is impressive that these figures are present for Australian society as it is a known fact as stated by Orchard & Finch that a lack of exercise is an established major risk factor for many chronic illnesses and premature mortality. However we begin to see a catch 22 as injuries from sport and exercise are undoubtedly Australia’s most under- appreciated and costly health problem, affecting the elite gold medal winning, right down to those involved at grass roots level participation. Since the mid to late 1990s, there has been a shift with sports injuries increasingly being recognised as a significant public health issue and one that needs a strong preventive approach. Accordingly, sports injury prevention has become an issue of concern to many Government agencies. However the full extent is certainly unclear as there is a lack of research undertaken in this area; however the closest and most recent report ‘Sport Safe Report’ was published in 2006 by Medibank Private. The report stated two major findings: (Medibank Private, 2006)
 * 1) Sports injuries in Australia cost the community $2 billion each year – this figure takes into account treatment, rehabilitation, recovery time and absence from work
 * 2) 5.2 million Australians suffer sports-related injuries annually  - with the highest risk age group for injuries being 18-24 year olds – The common injury types and there  approximate cost are shown in the table below

The main issue underlying this billion dollar problem is Australia’s lack of efforts in establishing a national body to guide sport safety policy and injury prevention schemes. In order to establish what is imperative for the future we must first understand what has occurred in the past. Therefore Australia’s past dismal attempts to alleviate the growing problem will be addressed, with a specific discussion of the Australian Sports Injury Prevention Taskforce (ASIPT), The National Sports Safety Framework, Sportsafe Australia, The National Injury Prevention Plan and the New South Wales Sporting Injury Prevention Scheme. Subsequently an investigation will then be presented on international models, including a brief look at an American injury prevention initiative - STOP (Sports Trauma and Overuse Prevention) Sports Injuries and a thorough investigation on New Zealand’s Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC) as possible models for sports injury surveillance to undertake in Australia in the future.

The Australian Sports Injury Prevention Taskforce (ASIPT)
The Australian Sports Injury Prevention Taskforce (ASIPT) was established in 1995 by the Australian Sports Commission through the then Commonwealth Department of Human Services and Health. The taskforce was purely an advisory and coordinating body with its main aim to promote a national perspective on sports injury prevention. The taskforce continued its efforts in providing a foundation for the future direction of sports injury in Australia, until ceasing to exist in 1998. The taskforce was never intended to exist for any substantial amount of time.

National Sports Safety Framework
In 1997 the taskforce released the National Sports Safety Framework, which as stated by the Department of Health and Aging, ‘recognised that sports injuries are a cost burden on both individuals and society with respect to the duration/nature of treatment, the amount of sport/working time lost, permanent damage/ disability, reduced quality of life and other monetary costs’. Since the late 1990’s the framework has still existed however there has been a notable lack of national leadership to implement this framework.

SportSafe Australia
Sportsafe Australia was established as a collaborative national initiative by the ASC and the Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care in 1996, with its main aim to progress sports safety at the national level in Australia through the development of educational material and resources. For its first two years it was based with the Participation Division at the ASC, in its later two years the ASC outsourced the work to Sports Medicine Australia. A lack of infrastructural support for sports safety action and ownership of the problem both at a local and state level was a huge issue. Funding ceased at the end of 2000 and since there has been no national sports safety initiative present.

National Injury Prevention Plan
The National Injury Prevention Plan has been the final and most recent initiative to emerge in the realm of injury prevention. The Strategic Injury Prevention Partnership, representing health departments in all jurisdictions was responsible for implementing the plan in August 2000. However, the plan is irrelevant to the sports injury prevention sector as the list does not include the prevention of sports injuries, as little is known about sports injuries and the risk factors associated.

New South Wales Sporting Injury Prevention Scheme
Sports injury prevention has also been a concerned focus to State Government agencies within Australia. The New South Wales Government formed a committee, the NSW Sporting Injuries Committee; with the main objective to combat and prevent sports injuries. The Sporting Injuries Insurance Scheme was enacted in 1978 by the committee to specifically compensate those involved in serious sporting injuries where more than 35% permanent loss to a body part occurred. The scheme is still current and has become a successful, non compulsory, non-profit government insurer for sports participants sustaining catastrophic sports injuries. Through the scheme the committee has been able to fund a variety of sports injury activities in NSW. These including: However, the scheme does not come without limitations. The NSW Scheme is not compulsory for all sports, therefore when research is conducted there is a lack of complete data being assessed resulting in questionable findings. Also although subjective evidence would suggest that the scheme has impacted in some areas, there has been no reported assessment of the impact the scheme has had on sports injuries across the state and this has not been pertained due to the lack of complete data surrounding the scheme.
 * Research
 * Injury Surveillance
 * Health Education
 * Health Promotion
 * Capacity building initiatives

American Initiative: STOP (Sports Trauma and Overuse Prevention) Sports Injuries
The STOP (Sports Trauma and Overuse Prevention) Sports Injuries campaign is a comprehensive public outreach program with the importance of sports safety-specifically relating to overuse and trauma injuries being the focal point. The initiative not only aims to raise awareness but also provides education on injury reduction, but highlights how playing safe and smart can enhance and extend a child's athletic career, improve teamwork, reduce obesity rates and create a lifelong love of exercise and healthy activity.

The development of the STOP (Sports Trauma and Overuse Prevention) Sports Injuries campaign was initiated by the American Orthopedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM) in early 2007. The Board of Directors decided that the issue of overuse injuries in young athletes was becoming critical and needed to be addressed. Research was undertaken to highlight the main sports with high incidence of injury and specific resources, including fact sheets and brochures, for each sport were developed. Other educational initiatives include public service announcements, posters, DVDs, electronic newsletter, interactive website and other social media. Having a nationwide impact the program has used various media outlets and partnerships to increase awareness to the community and the local grassroots sector.

The lack of government involvement and the non-compulsory nature of all sports to be involved are the main two issues surrounding this initiative. However, there has been a great response from the community and at least there is something in place to combat the issue. Certainly a step above where Australia is in the scheme of injury prevention campaigns on a national level.

The New Zealand Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC): The Gold Standard
New Zealand undoubtedly holds the forefront for injury prevention, with an astounding infrastructure to monitor sports injuries. The New Zealand Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC) began operation on 1 April 1974 as a universal, government funded scheme, recommended by a Royal Commission Report know as the Woodhouse Report, the scheme was based on an insurance model that aimed to provide cover for all. As stated on the website, ‘One of ACC's major goals is to reduce the number and severity of injuries and keep New Zealanders playing and engaging in the activities we enjoy’. Orchard and Finch have stated that from a public health viewpoint,’ New Zealand’s system of maintaining a government body that monitors, compensates and seeks to prevent sports injuries is superior to Australia’s lack of any comparable system’.

Due to the scheme covering the medical bills of all those injured playing sport, the ACC has the capacity to accurately determine the cost of treating sports injuries in New Zealand and a precise depiction can occur of the severity of injury and determine the high risk sports. Furthermore, the dense information available to the New Zealand authorities has enabled them to cut the incidence of serious sports injury. An example in Rugby includes the use of mouthguards, this has increased from 67% to 93% and convincingly the related dental claims have fallen by 43%! . It must be noted that in Australia there is no organised body paying dental claims, and therefore no strong financial motivation to encourage mouthguard usage. Due to the ACC having a fundamental financial interest in seeing the number of injuries decline, New Zealand are far more active in assembling prevention programs. As the New Zealand system carries the advantage of being a ‘no fault’ insurance scheme it prevents sports participants from taking common law action against those associated with sporting events. Similar liability restrictions are needed in Australia to remove the fright of lawsuits that is developing among volunteers who cover sporting events.

Conclusion
Australia’s passion for sport, recreation and exercise will never cease to exist and in turn the injury epidemic will follow hand in hand. With the incidence of sports injuries in Australia reaching an alarming level, it is more than apparent that Australia is lacking in the Injury Prevention initiative department. With New Zealand and, to a certain extent, America running circles around the Australian system, offering world-class and groundbreaking initiatives to combat the ever increasing concern. Something must be done in order for the Australian community to cease suffering from this rising economic burden. Therefore from the evidence collected it can be concluded that Australia possesses the approach of having no overall plan.

It is imperative for Australia to employ all or, at the current predicament, any of the strategies mentioned following:
 * Establish a national lead body with responsibility for sports safety and injury surveillance and consider the provision of infrastructure. In doing so, explore the option of employing a New Zealand or American style system
 * Form greater cooperation between the sport and health departments in Canberra to address cause and effect of sport injury and allow for a more coordinated approach to the issue
 * Develop a nationwide database on injuries occurrence from sport, involving as many sport organisations, hospitals and health professionals as possible
 * Implementation of compulsory rules regarding mouthguards and protective equipment for the required sports
 * National and lead health and sport agencies, sports clubs and organisations, sports facilities and individuals need to all be articulated in the delivery of future sports injury prevention activities
 * Accredited coaching and sports training personnel in order to contribute to sports safety through limiting training mistakes and knowledge of appropriate injury prevention and management techniques
 * Formal training for volunteers involved in sporting clubs and events in order to widely promote safe sport awareness initiatives

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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User:MrFidaAliEngr/My Mother

My mother's name was Maryam who was born at Kraming, Khaplu Baltistan Pk. She was the second eldest of her eleven real sisters and one real brother. Her father's name was Isabaqdul who had three elder brothers namely Muhammad Jan, the eldest, Abdullah and Ali. When my mother was born, her eldest uncle Mr. Muhammad Jan decided to marry her to his second eldest son Hasan and the marriage was arranged accordingly in their mid teens. The marriage broke after birth of my sister who was a little bit disabled by birth. Mr. Hasan married another lady when his father passed away. My mother, a holy Qura'n learned lady was married to Mr. Muhammad Yar r/o Mikserpi, Khaplu, Baltistan after tallaaq and iddat. Mr. Muhmmad Yar passed away without any children. My mother was married to my father, Mr. Fida Muhammad Baigcho who had already celebrated five marriages exactly according to shariah Muhammadiah (pbuh) laws and tallaaq had occured. My father had one daughter and three sons (I being the last son) from my mother. These sister and brothers passed away in their childhood. My mother passed away on 30th August, 1987 and buried at Sundus, Skardu Baltistan, Pk. Innaa lillai wa innaa ilaihi! May Allah rest her soul in eternal peace.!

title: User:MrFidaAliEngr/My Mother


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Engineering Projects/Biofeedback

Project Biofeedback
The human body can provide input into a device in many different forms: EEG, ECG, heart rate, skin temperature, skin twitching, accelerometer to detect movement, etc. The goal is to begin turning on and off output devices such as motors, lights, or moving a virtual mouse and clicking it's virtual buttons. Ultimately the goal could be to control robots, physical training, pain management, lie detection or provide an alternative muti-sensory experience for those that can not normally control their environment.

Tutorials

 * old documentation snake hat
 * old documentation smart shoe

title: Engineering Projects/Biofeedback


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User:Himanshu.Pahuja

'''Himanshu Pahuja '''

Teaching Associate at Monash University, Australia

Analyst Programmer at Ozpack

title: User:Himanshu.Pahuja


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Engineering Projects/Car Hack

Idea
Cars made since 1996 have a computer with standard connector to talk to a generic electronic device like a cell phone. The computers in most cars are tuned to eliminate customer complaints, and hardly anyone changes the defaults. Wireless can be activated to allow remote control over engine starting, air conditioning, door locks, windows, and checking data like torque, gas mileage, amount of fuel left, etc. Touch screens can display more than just audio and GPS information. There are wiring harness standards that enable any electronics to be modified at the system level.

Subsystems

 * Audio, Radio, Wiring Harnesses
 * OBD Standards
 * Bluetooth, Wifi Add ons
 * Control, Remotes

Colleges/Universities

 * /Howard Community College/

title: Engineering Projects/Car Hack


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Talk:Engineering Projects/Car Hack

 * The name "Car Electronics" was considered.
 * However the term hacker is evolving away from criminal activity .. see hackerspaces.
 * The original term Hack now has the connotation of DIY "customization" that involves a lot more engineering, discovery and personal involvement with modifications done.
 * An "Electric car" project could be confused with a name "Car electronics" by someone. Car Hack clearly differentiates the two.

title: Talk:Engineering Projects/Car Hack


text:
Engineering Projects/Electric Cars

Idea
Electric car motors can be almost picked up by one person. Fuel injection, cooling systems, exhaust systems are replaced with much lighter regeneration systems. An old pickup can be converted to an electric car. Some hybrids can be converted. All hybrids can be taken apart and put together.

Another idea: start outfitting a car like Goggle's. Popular Science (10/20, Kane) reports, "Sebastian Thrun, a Stanford professor and head of the project, and Google engineer Chris Urmson, delivered a keynote speech at the IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems in San Francisco, explaining how the" Google's self-driving fleet of Priuses work. "The 'heart of the system' is its Velodyne 64-beam laser that sits on the roof of the Prius, creating the 3-D map of the surrounding environment." This "image is combined with existing high resolution maps programmed into the car. Four radars (one for the front, back, left and right) are used to give the car far-sighted vision for handling high speeds on freeways." Also, there is "a camera near the rear view mirror for monitoring stop lights. GPS, an inertial measurement unit, and wheel encoder keep track of where the car goes."

Subsystems

 * Energy storage
 * Regenerative Breaking
 * Autopilots

Colleges/Universities

 * /Howard Community College/

title: Engineering Projects/Electric Cars


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User:1sfoerster/enes100/fall2014/Impulse demo

Problem
An impulse in physics is used to define and document how objects collide. In the class "dynamics" an impulse occurs when two objects collide. More broadly, the impulse response of electro/mechanical device can be used with the convolution integral to predict the response to any form of input change. The goal here is to begin measuring rather than predicting impulse response.

Most impulses occur in air. When they occur in water, the phenomena is called "cavitation." This is included here, even though a vacuum causes cavitation (low pressure, no temperature) rather than the impact in air.

Cavitation serves as a disadvantage in submarines that intend to remain hidden and in boat props and water pumps where cavitation results in a loss of power.

Cavitation is of great advantage in surgery where certain cells can be destroyed by bubbles and can be used to destroy tissues during surgeries.

Peristaltic pumps used in hospitals have fingers that gently massage fluid through tubes in order to stop cavitation which destroys blood cells.

Cavitation might be used to break up body fat and sculpture the human body.

Conceive

 * Bang objects together, collect data to describe mathematically what happened.
 * video burning paper with steel ball-bearings
 * video Thermite Reaction
 * video jig saw upside down pendulum
 * video Pendulum Waves

 * Create cavitation, collect data and describe mathematically what happened.
 * | Making Biodiesel Using Hydrodynamic Cavitation requires expensive, high pressure motor
 * | This video is about using high frequency sound to induce cavitation requires specialized equipment
 * propeller requires a high speed camera.

Design
Cavitation creates bubbles that can flash light. Simple cavitation occurs when a pressure wave in a liquid causes phase change to a gas state. Watch for the flash at the bottom of the bottle 28th second of this video).

Next Steps

 * Make the tube longer,
 * figure out different method of sealing after drawing vacuum
 * build pulley system to amplify the throw of the AC solenoid.


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User talk:Himanshu.Pahuja

 Hello Himanshu.Pahuja, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. All users are expected to abide by our Privacy policy, Civility policy, and the Terms of Use while at Wikiversity.

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You don't need to be an educator to edit. You only need to be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage. See you around Wikiversity! --Abd 14:54, 9 September 2011 (UTC)

title: User talk:Himanshu.Pahuja


text:
User talk:SarahProudman

 Hello SarahProudman, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. All users are expected to abide by our Privacy policy, Civility policy, and the Terms of Use while at Wikiversity.

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title: User talk:SarahProudman


text:
User talk:Egm6321.f11.team1.steele.m

 Hello Egm6321.f11.team1.steele.m, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. All users are expected to abide by our Privacy policy, Civility policy, and the Terms of Use while at Wikiversity.

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title: User talk:Egm6321.f11.team1.steele.m


text:
User talk:Pietro Roveri

 Hello Pietro Roveri, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. All users are expected to abide by our Privacy policy, Civility policy, and the Terms of Use while at Wikiversity.

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title: User talk:Pietro Roveri


text:
User talk:Epcole

 Hello Epcole, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. All users are expected to abide by our Privacy policy, Civility policy, and the Terms of Use while at Wikiversity.

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title: User talk:Epcole


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User talk:Benneri

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title: User talk:Benneri


text:
User talk:WatsonS

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title: User talk:WatsonS


text:
User talk:J appleseed2

 Hello J appleseed2, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. All users are expected to abide by our Privacy policy, Civility policy, and the Terms of Use while at Wikiversity.

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You don't need to be an educator to edit. You only need to be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage. See you around Wikiversity! --Abd 15:41, 9 September 2011 (UTC)

title: User talk:J appleseed2


text:
Chaos Theory

General
Chaos theory is a mathematical and scientific field dealing with complex systems. The basic idea of chaos theory is that, although the system in question is completely deterministic, meaning that every time a certain input is put in the exact same output will be produced without exception or random fluctuation, these systems may still display patterns that are completely unpredictable and never repeat. The reason this can be true is that these complex systems are highly sensitive to initial conditions. So even though, as stated above with the definition of "deterministic", input X will always produce output Y and never anything but output Y, two inputs that differ by only minute amounts can, over time, result in extremely different outputs. For instance, say when X=1, then Y=13. However, when X=1.00001, then Y=42. In this example, it is clear that a very minute and seemingly inconsequential difference in inputs generates vastly different results. Such extreme sensitivity is an explanation for the widely-known idea of the "butterfly effect", wherein the minute changes in airflow resulting from the flap of a butterfly's wings leads to a cascade of changes that may decide whether a hurricane will form or not

In light of this, the scientific implications of chaos theory are immediately apparent. Although the precise deterministic formula for calculating and predicting what a system's state will be given the values for all the formula's variables may be known, it is virtually impossible to ensure that the measured values for all the variables being inserted into that formula are exact. If they are not absolutely exact, be it because of unavoidable measurement error or whatever else, then minute changes in the formula's initial conditions will manifest themselves into substantial differences in that formula's predictions. Thus such systems are, in effect, unpredictable in practice by the tools of modern science even though the formula for the system gives in perfectly predictable results in theory.

Example
For a visualization of chaos theory, imagine a ball to the right of a stretch of hills. If someone where to push this ball, depending on the force of the push it would roll up a hill, and either stop partway up and go back down due to a loss of momentum or pass the top of the hill and then either fail to pass the next hill and wind up in the trough between hills or pass that next hill, etc. Given the force of that initial push and the mass of the ball, a physicist could predict with perfect accuracy which trough between hills the ball will end up. Based on that force, the physicist could say the ball will only make it past the first hill and wind up in that trough, or go past three hills, etc. In fact, the physicist's predictions here are fairly forgiving of initial conditions- if the pass of the ball is not entirely accurate, or the force measurement is a little bit off, or even if all the effects of wind resistance and friction are ignored- the physicist should still come up with the correct answer. However now imagine that the ball was pushed with just enough force so that it teeters on the very top of a hill. Here the physicist's predictions can come into doubt, and chaos theory sets in. It will only take the slightest difference to determine whether that ball rolls back down where it came or roles on to the next hill. Just a minute difference in the amount of force in the push, or a capricious gust of air will now be responsible for determining how this system ends up. In this case it is clear that the system is highly sensitive to initial conditions and the physicist's previously unquestionable predictions now become little more than guesses.

title: Chaos Theory


text:
User:Egm6321.f11.team2.johri.y

Hello

title: User:Egm6321.f11.team2.johri.y


text:
User:NFLking

I like science stuff,sports,things that explode & stuff in those areas. My Favorite Subject-Science My Favorite Football Player-Michael Vick(PHI) My Favorite Basketball Player-LeBron James(MIA) My Favorite Baseball Player-Matt Kemp(LA) My Favorite Gaming Console-PS3 My Favorite WWE Finishers-Swanton Bomb,Twist of Fate,619,Spear,FU,GTS(Go to Sleep),Tombstone Piledriver,World's Strongest Slam,RKO,Killswitch ,& so many more. My Favorite Former WWE Champion-Jeff Hardy My Favorite Current WWE Wrestler-Sin Cara My Favorite Future WWE Champion-Me My Favorite Explosive-C4 My Favorite CFB Team-UGA Dawgs My LEAST Favorite WWE Wrestler-CM Punk(because he made Jeff Hardy leave the WWE) My Favorite Music Group-MB(Mindless Behavior) My Favorite Bike Brand-Next My LEAST Favorite WWE Stable-Nexus

title: User:NFLking


text:
Engineering Projects/Coanda

Idea
The Coanda effect is responsible for a remarkable number of counter-intuitive demonstrations. EXAMPLES: - Blowing on a curved piece of paper horizontally causes it to lift up. - A stream of falling water pulls a spoon up. - Blowing between two soda bottles suspended from the ceiling will cause them to get closer not further apart.

Coanda aircraft look exactly like flying saucers. The effect is used to eliminate the common helicopter tail rotor. The Coanda effect is often confused with the Bernoulli effect. Through vortices the Bernoulli and Coanda effects provide a majority of the lift used to sustain subsonic flight.

Demo Projects

 * Coanda Paper Blowing
 * Coanda Water Pulling Spoon
 * Coanda Blowing between soda bottles
 * Coanda UFO
 * Coanda Helicopter Tail Model Look for an example of a helicopter dragging its tail in water!

College/Universities
/Howard Community College/

title: Engineering Projects/Coanda


text:
User:Marshallsumter/Radiative dynamo

blanked for review, please keep page.

title: User:Marshallsumter/Radiative dynamo


text:
News feeds

Introduction
This set of notes is for people who think they might want to use news feeds, sometimes known as RSS feeds or, less commonly, atom feeds. It is not about making them.

Every effort will be made to avoid technical language as far as possible.

What Is a News Feed?
This is part of the list of news feeds available on the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's web site as of early afternoon, 13 October, 2011.

The graphic to the left is the kind of thing you see when you follow one of the links in the list above using a recent version of either the Internet Explorer browser or the Firefox browser. (Other browsers may produce different results. More about this momentarily.)

This was the content of the news feed when accessed. This news feed really was about news, so it consisted of summaries of fifteen news stories. Each summary includes a link to the full story, a hint about what the story is about, a photograph, and a title for the story. What you cannot see is that the news feed is built in such a way that it provides you with the most up-to-date information for a given topic.

News feeds don't have to contain pictures and they don't have to be about news as such. To the right is a news feed containing summary information about job advertisements. Each item in the news feeds includes the job's title, a link to the full advertisement and some summary information about the job.

All news feed items are dated so that the software that you use to read them can present the items to you in chronological order. For instance, at the instant when I viewed the news feed to the right one of the banquet server jobs was the most recently advertised in the feed, so it's at the top.

You can expect to see news feeds referred to using various words: subscribe, syndicate or syndication, feed, rss and xml. For you, as a user, these are all the same thing.

Why Use News Feeds?
Most of us would like to keep up with change and events without spending enormous amounts of time in front of a computer screen. News feeds can help.

 * We have already seen that news feeds tell us when web sites have been updated. This means that we do not have to visit a site unless it contains new information of interest to us.
 * A news feed includes the title and a summary of the content of a new item on a web site. This means that we can quickly decide whether it is worth reading the entire item.
 * A news feed is a list of items that you have not reviewed yet. Once you expand an item to decide whether to want to read it in its entirety on its corresponding web site it will be marked read and will be made to disappear before you visit that news feed again. This means that when you look at the news feed for a web site you can easily discern which items you have considered reading and which items remain to be considered. Of course if an item is marked read you can always mark it unread so that you can look at it again. More about this momentarily.

News feeds are the basis for very efficient ways of dealing with incoming information.

Job Advertisements
Although many activities contribute to success in finding and keeping a job the effective and efficient use of on-line job sites is still of importance. If a job seeker has to perform the same search repeatedly for a suitable set of jobs on a job site and then keep reviewing many of the same jobs for the second or subsequent times then they are wasting valuable time. Better that they should learn to use the news feed systems available on the better job sites. In this way they can afford to build multiple well-tuned searches, convert them to news feeds and then simply watch for new jobs to appear in those feeds. Not only do they save time. Chances are they will apply earlier than other candidates because they will learn about newly advertised jobs sooner.

Keeping Up-to-date As a Career or Employment Specialist
Career and employment specialists need to maintain and apply specialist knowledge or awareness in an array of topics, including social psychology, psychopathology, labour markets and so on. This requires a considerable investment in time yet much of the material needed to stay up-to-date is available on the web. Definitely an application for news feeds.

Introduction
There are many ways of reading news feeds. Here we offer descriptions of a set of software configurations that are simple and easy to use. Once you have become accustomed to working with news feeds you might find that you want to try some of the other options available.

This set of notes provides information for Microsoft Windows XP computers only.

The Microsoft Internet Explorer browser has built-in support for news feeds. However, most users who use news feeds prefer the services available with the Google Reader. We will therefore show how to use Google Reader with three of the popular browsers.

Install Google Reader
Come back to this page after you have completed the following steps.

Obtain a Google reader account.

Go to Google and select 'Reader' under the 'more' menu item.

Log in to Google Reader.

Having logged in you might find it most convenient to bookmark the Google Reader page in some way.

Install the Chrome RSS Subscription Extension, If You Use the Chrome Browser
Go to the Google RSS Subscription Extension page using Chrome and add the extension. Although this add-on is not really necessary you may find that it helps you.

Reading and Using Feeds
You need to bring some news feeds into Google Reader before you can read them. However, you probably won't be very interested in doing that until you can see what it's like to read and otherwise process a feed.

When you open Google Reader, and assuming that you have collected some news feeds, they will be listed on the left, if they contain new items. The numbers in the feed titles indicate the numbers of unread items. The number in the top, lefthand corner is the total number of unread news feed items. Google Reader displays a selection of your news items on the right.  When you click on a news feed to select it—in this case on the BBC Africa news feed—Google Reader opens the list of news items in the right panel.  When you click on one of the news items it expands.  Not only that, Google Reader will mark the news item 'read'; that is, the 'Mark as read' will be checked by the program and the number of news items left to read will have fallen by one. However, by unchecking this box you can mark an item as unread so that you can come back to it again—as shown here.  If you now click on the first line of the news item then the collection of items is in the state it was in before you started examining it. It's up to you whether you leave news items marked read or not.  Often you will scan a list of news items and find that none appear to be of interest. In this case you can simply click on the 'Mark all as read' button.  Google Reader will indicate that it has honoured your request.  And now that the Beth's Blog news feed is empty of new items it disappears from the list of feeds when you select a different feed.  But suddenly you regret your decision to mark all those news items read! Because you seem to remember that one of them might have been of interest.  Not a huge problem! Look for the downward pointing triangle above the slider for the list of blogs and click on it. Now click on 'Show all' in the resulting menu to see all of the news feeds listed, and select Beth's Blog. Now click on 'all items' in the right panel and read the item that seemed to interest you. Just remember to go back to that menu in the left panel to click on 'Show updated.'

Review: Why News Feeds Are Really Good for Job Seekers

 * You find out about new job advertisements quickly. You are therefore in a more competitive position with respect to other job seekers.
 * You do not have to visit a job web site unless there appears to be a suitable job there for you.
 * You might find it easier to set up several news feeds for a job site than to use one complicated job search query.
 * A list of potential jobs can be scanned very quickly when it is presented as a news feed.
 * A good lead can be kept in the news feed unread as a reminder to keep working on it.
 * Individual jobs that are not of interest can be easily discarded from a news feed so that only those with true potential get attention.

Getting a Feed Into Google Reader
Make it easy for yourself to open Google Reader whenever you want to use it.
 * 1) Open Google Reader in a new tab and then come back to this page.
 * 2) Go back to the tab where you opened Google Reader, then drag-and-drop the Google Reader icon at the left end of the Google Reader URL in the address bar to your browser menu bar under the address bar. Now you should see the icon on the menu bar. (Remember to come back to this page.)

Getting a feed is also called subscribing.

Almost Fail-proof Method
There might be ways of getting a feed into Google Reader that you would find more convenient that this.

But this method has the virtue of working in almost every condition.

Here's a typical situation. You have searched a job site, in this case [eluta.ca] for suitable job vacancies in your geographical area. Now you want to subscribe to this feed in Google Reader. News feeds may be labelled or distinguished in various ways. On this site the news feed is 'under' a red button labelled 'RSS.' Since the button displays a link in the browser status bar when you hover your mouse over it you know it has a link associated with it.  Right-click on the RSS button and click on the 'Copy link address' or 'Copy shortcut' or 'Copy link location' menu item, depending on which is available in your browser.  Now open Google Reader, click on 'Add a subscription.'  Paste the link into the edit box that opens. Then click on 'Add.'  Google Reader subscribes to the news feed from eluta.ca and lists the job advertisements that it finds in the feed. <br style="clear: both;">

Other Methods
To be written.

No feed!
Sometimes you will encounter a blog that lacks a news feed. This often happens when the blog's author has omitted to choose options for their blog appropriately. Simply inform the author of what you have noticed.

There are also many pages that change frequently for which it would be very suitable to have news feeds that lack them. There are various items of software that can construct news feeds automatically for these pages. More about these as time permits.

Other Aspect of Working With Feeds
Unsubscribing.

title: News feeds


text:
User:Baminnick

I am an engineering student in the course, ENES-100-501 at Howard Community College.

Here is information on the various projects that I have worked on:

Poppit
Resources regarding this subject can be found at this link:
 * Poppit Information

My individual work and my team's work can be found on these links:
 * Team Poppit Project
 * Individual Poppit Project

3D Scan
Resources regarding this subject can be found at this link:
 * 3D Scan Information

My individual work and my team's work can be found on these links:
 * Team 3D Scan Project
 * Individual 3D Scan Project

Corn Starch
Resources regarding this subject can be found at this link:
 * Corn Starch Information

My individual work and my team's work can be found on these links:
 * Team Corn Starch Project
 * Individual Corn Starch Project

Perfume
Resources regarding this subject can be found at this link:
 * Perfume Information

My individual work and my team's work can be found on these links:
 * Team Perfume Project
 * Individual Perfume Project

title: User:Baminnick


text: File:One rss feed.png

title: File:One rss feed.png


text:
Engineering Projects/Poppit/Howard Community College/Fall2011/550 tj2

Problem Statement
What is the Normal Score for the game of Poppit played by the average player?

Team Members

 * Jeffreycarllloyd
 * tfalak
 * JaeHaynes

Summary
By analyzing all of the data on the class's data log, we were able to compare scores and develop a Mean to which the Chunk Poppit program could be evaluated against.

We compared three groups: first was comprised of the entire class, the second was comprised of 22 students including the instructor, and the third included the final 18 students. By dividing the scores into subsections we were able to achieve a better cross-section and a more accurate means of comparison.

Story
As our group began, we recorded our own individual data first, getting an accurate depiction of what an average player could achieve.

Our first observation was that there are large spikes in regression with the onset of fatigue. As these spikes were included in the class's data, the statistics team concluded that it would negatively affect the accuracy of the mean. Observing that this was the case for most of the participants we decided that different cross-sections would have to be used in order to eliminate the fatigue factor.

We chose to develop the mean by evaluating three cross-sections. First was comprised of the entire class, the second was comprised of 22 students including the instructor, and the third included the final 18 students. We then calculated a mean based on the three subsections and that is the data we considered in our analysis.

All of the data taken, was verified by the Project Manager Scott Foerester in accordance with Howard Community College policies regarding verification of recorded data and can be viewed as a spreadsheet

Tasking was:

Project Manager - Prof. Scott Foerster

Team Manager - Johnnesia Haynes

Lead Data Processor - Tehreem Falak

Web Design - Jeffrey Lloyd

Decision List
The decision to utilize a three test group approach was made collectivity during a team creative thinking session.

Software List
Google Docs

Microsoft Excel

Time
Game Play       4-6 hours

Web Design       10 hours

Data Analyzing   20 hours

Total            34-36 hours

Next Steps
Consult with the software teams and incorporate our data using their programs.

Next step in doing from the statistical analysis team can be done by sampling all three sections and make them play by the following strategies:
 * Bottom to top alternating vertically then horizontally aligning balloons.

 * Top to bottom, games 51-100

 * Center out bottom to the top, games 101-150

 * Large collections bottom up, games 151-200

That will help in customizing the chunk pop-it software with most appropriate approach.


text:
User:Jeffreycarllloyd/enes100-550/poppit

Link to team tj2 page

Week0 Activities
Project Chunk Poppit was discussed. Ideas were pooled from primarily the Project Manager. Observed his approached and began developing my own avenue of approach.

Problem Statement
Develop a "chunking" method to increase total balloons popped and the consistency of the method.

Task1
Record the data from 200 games played while attempting new methods of approach.

Week1 Activities
Recorded 200 games worth of data.

Approached from bottom to top alternating vertically then horizontally aligning ballons, games 1-50.

Approached top to bottom, games 51-100

Approached center out bottom to the top, games 101-150

Approached large collections bottom up, games 151-200

Week1 Narrative
Approaching from one end to other proved less than effective. The best way that I have found was to initiate with where the largest groups lie then pursed the lowest grouping first from the bottom to the top worked my up and out.

Week1 Peer Review
Discussion


text:
MediaWiki:Common.css/Slideshows.css

.slide-actions { text-align:center; }

.slide-prev { margin-right:30px; width:24px; height:24px; display:inline-block; background: url( //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Gtk-media-rewind-ltr.svg/24px-Gtk-media-rewind-ltr.svg.png ) left no-repeat; }

.slide-next { margin-left:30px; width:24px; height:24px; display:inline-block; background: url( //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Gtk-media-forward-ltr.svg/24px-Gtk-media-forward-ltr.svg.png ) right no-repeat; }

title: MediaWiki:Common.css/Slideshows.css


text:
User:Marshallsumter/X-ray classification of stars

blanked for review, please keep page.