text:
User:AmberClements

bio
Hello! My name is Amber Clements. I am 26 years old, born August 8th 1982. I am a 6th quarter photography student. I was born and raised in Olympia, Wa. I graduated from Tumwater High School in 2000 and I was on the rifle team all four years of high school. It seemed that rifle team was the only thing I was good at. All four years I was on varsity, team captain the last two years and my senior year I placed 3rd in the state of Washington and 16th in the nation. I was raised by my grandparents on my mom's side and was an only child for 12 years. Right after my 12th b-day my sister Jade was born and right before my 18th birthday my sister Mykah was born. My mom named us 3 after gem stones! Clever huh? I have always felt more like a mother to them than a big sister and they are the loves of my life. After high school I went straight to full time work for the next 7 years. Working at restaurants and as an office assistant. I finally decided it was time to go back to school if I was going to go anywhere. I have always had a love for photography and I wanted to do something that I liked so I enrolled at the Art Institute. I started in the fall of 07 and commuted from Olympia until spring of 08. I finally made the move to the big city and I live on Queen Anne alone in the tiniest studio. I have to say that the city is not for me. I will be moving in two months when the lease is up. I am moving back to Olympia, wa. I started school commuting and am going to end it commuting. Well there's a bit of info about me and how I got here.

Take care all!!

Dance, sing, floss, and travel......

title: User:AmberClements


text:
User:Aaron Reinke

bio
Hello, my name is Aaron Reinke. From Iowa, I am a first quarter student at the Art Institute of Seattle, studying Digital Film and Video Production. I made a few videos in high school, i only have one on the internet and you can find it here, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IeVl7vJLd44. I love the sport of paintball. My Paintball team's website, http://www.2ndcoatpaintballteam.com. if anyone is interested in playing paintball and or joining team 2ndCoat please contact me on facebook, http://www.facebook.com/home.php.

midterm
Part I: “Why do I like what I like?”

Aaron Reinke February 10, 2009

When I visited the sculpture park last week, it was very hard for me to not like anything. I really like sculpture and did a bit in high school. I appreciate what other people create. When I see a piece and don’t like its usually because I don’t understand it. However I did manage to find a piece that I disliked very much. It was Persephone Unbound by Beverly Pepper. Beverly was born in New York, traveled Europe and lived in Italy for a while, and started producing sculpture in 1960. Looking at her other sculptures, I loved them. Many of her works are very large and made of some sort of metal. All of her sculptures incorporate some sort of shape or hard lines or edges. I am pleased with all of her work, except for Persephone Unbound. I did not expect it to be made of metal. It is very different from any of her other metal sculptures. I did not like how, being made of metal, it had a natural/abstract form…I guess is what I’m trying to say. I like the more geometric sculptures of hers. This piece, I just don’t get. I appreciate her creating it; I just wouldn’t want it in my backyard.

reflective assessment
This class had to be my favorite this quarter. Steve, you are one of the best teachers I have ever had. In this class I learned a lot about different sources of information and how to judge them, reliable or not. I learned more about my taste in artwork. I may not like how something looks but I still appreciate the work that went into making that piece. One thing I could have done better was not to procrastinate on the final project. Part of the problem was that I didn’t have a specific book I had wanted to start with; however, in the end I ended up not even using that book, so I could have started immediately by looking up books on the Internet like I ended up doing only 2-3 weeks later. I believe that I helped a few other students by clarifying some uses of HTML and CSS, and by showing a decent example of what it can do. I also learned a bit about planning. The classes about misology were very good, though not very new to me, it was a good review and I think that for other students who may not know about it Its very important.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Aaron Reinke


text: Portal:Applied sciences/box-header

title: Portal:Applied sciences/box-header


text: Portal:Applied sciences/box-footer

title: Portal:Applied sciences/box-footer


text: Portal:Arts/box-header

title: Portal:Arts/box-header


text: Portal:Arts/box-footer

title: Portal:Arts/box-footer


text: Portal:Test preparation/box-header

title: Portal:Test preparation/box-header


text: Portal:Test preparation/box-footer

title: Portal:Test preparation/box-footer


text:
Portal:Test preparation/Introduction

Welcome to the Test preparation Portal! This page is a guide to Wikiversity learning resources that are about Test preparation in general. Please help create and organize learning resources.

title: Portal:Test preparation/Introduction


text:
Portal:Test preparation/Featured

Listed are various tests which are linked to pages which will help you with that test:

 * General Education Development
 * New Zealand Written Examinations Manuals
 * LSAT - Free Test Help
 * GMAT - Free Test Help
 * GRE - Free Test Help

title: Portal:Test preparation/Featured


text: Portal:Advanced General Studies/box-header


text: Portal:Advanced General Studies/box-footer


text:
Portal:Advanced General Studies/Introduction

Welcome to the Advanced General Studies Portal! This page is a guide to Wikiversity learning resources that are about General Studies. Please help create and organize learning resources at the content development projects.


text:
Portal:Advanced General Studies/Related

 * The Education Portal
 * The Engineering and Technology Portal
 * The Humanities Portal
 * The Life Sciences Portal
 * The Mathematics Portal
 * The Physical Sciences Portal
 * The Fine Arts Portal
 * The Media Portal
 *  The Practical Arts and Sciences Portal
 * The Professions Portal
 *  The Social Sciences Portal
 * The Advanced Music Portal
 * The Art and Design Portal
 * The Computer Science Portal
 * The Construction Portal
 * The Cultural Studies Portal
 * The Engineering and Technology Papers Portal
 * The Law Portal
 * The Linguistics Portal
 * The Participants Portal
 * The Plant Sciences Portal
 * The Portals Portal
 * The Astronomy that benefits from Radiation Portal
 * The Research Portal
 * The Science Portal
 * The Slavistics Portal
 * The Social Research Portal
 * School of Sociology
 * The Wiki Scholar Portal
 * The Writing Center Portal

title: Portal:Advanced General Studies/Related


text:
Portal:Advanced General Studies/Advanced General Studies news

 * 16 February 2007: The School of Advanced General Studies was Founded!
 * 13 March 2007: Construction of an Advanced General Studies Portal has begun.
 * 10 October 2013: Neutrinos from the Sun research project begun.
 * 25 December 2017: Fringe sciences research project begun.


text: Portal:Cultural studies/box-header

title: Portal:Cultural studies/box-header


text: Portal:Cultural studies/box-footer

title: Portal:Cultural studies/box-footer


text:
Portal:Cultural studies/Introduction

Welcome to the Cultural studies Portal! This page is a guide to Wikiversity learning resources that are about Cultural studies in general. Please help create and organize learning resources.

title: Portal:Cultural studies/Introduction


text:
Portal:Cultural studies/Featured

 * Anthropology
 * Historical anthropology
 * Modern day social anthrolopogy
 * History
 * Agriculture
 * Early civilization
 * Warfare
 * Theology
 * Literature
 * Etymology
 * Music
 * Geography
 * Physical geography
 * Influence of geography on culture
 * Influence of culture on geography
 * Psychology
 * Mass psychology
 * Psychology of cataclysm
 * School of Nonkilling Studies
 * Topic:Citizenship

title: Portal:Cultural studies/Featured


text:
User:AnnaGuth

bio
My name is Anna Guth. I was born and raised in New Orleans, LA. I moved here half way through my life and miss the south terribly. I am enrolled in my first quarter here at the Art Institute studying fashion marketing. After school I would like to relocate and be a buyer for a huge company.

midterm
Artist: Roy McMakin Title: Love & Loss

When I first came across this sculpture I thought it looked more like a sign for a store. The "&" sign is bright red, lit up and spinning 15 ft in the air. I thought it looked ridiculous, almost trashy in a sculpture park. Then I looked down and I saw random letters made of cement and something that looked like a wishing well with water and pennies in the bottom. I didn't understand the lower case "e" the random cement stairs and the tree in between it all. I thought this would be a good one to choose, I didn't necessarily hate it, I just didn't know what it was. I came home and Googled his name and images and a bunch of furniture came up. I thought I had the wrong guy but then I realized he designs furniture, too. All of his furniture is strange and seems like it should fit together like a puzzle. It's painted strange colors but I kind of like it. Then I realized the sculpture fits together like a puzzle, too. I ran across a description that stated "In this piece McMakin is pointing out the place where love and loss intersect - literally. McMakin often starts his work with some everyday image and then alters it in a surprising way. The result: making the familiar seem strange." It all came together, he put two different things together, fit them like a puzzle and it all makes sense. Now that I know what it is, I like it. I have a tendency to dislike people or things off a first impression. But once I researched the meaning, I really do like it.

final
Coming into gen ed I wasn’t sure what to expect. I thought it was going to be some stupid class about the actually school but I learned a lot. I learned different ways of referencing and research. I also haven’t exactly ventured out onto the internet except for MySpace, Facebook and Google. I didn’t know anything about Wikipedia or Wikiversity. I think the internet is a great place for research and sometimes it’s cool to hear other people’s opinions about other things in their own journals or blogs. The experience in this class will take me far in all of my other classes. Since I am in the Fashion Marketing program it is an extensive amount of writing, referencing and research. I can use the methods I learned in this class to write a great paper. I liked that the whole class wasn’t just about Plato and other philosophers because of that I feel like I got more involved. I enjoyed every assignment but I think I could have done better on the final “I’ve Always Wanted to Assignment”. Because I didn’t feel like it was part of my everyday routine I pushed it off until the end. But by doing it I learned that knitting isn’t really my cup of tea. I’m glad this class is offered at the beginning of my time here at AI, I feel like it will really help my college experience.

title: User:AnnaGuth


text:
User:Gabrielstinchfield

Bio
I am in my fourth quarter of the Audio Production program at the Art Institute Seattle. This quarter is crazier then taking peyote on a life raft full of blind cannibals. Currently I'm finishing up recording and mixing Dysfunction Junction's second studio album. I am also one of the leaders for the Art Institute's Audio Club. I love my profession more and more each and every day, and I can't wait to kick some ass. I'm not sure what else to type, so I will go back to taking in the sunshine and leave you with a quote from one of the biggest influences in my life.

“I want to stand as close to the edge as I can without going over. Out on the edge you see all the kinds of things you can't see from the center.” - Kurt Vonnegut Jr.

Final
Check it out!

Reflective Assessment
This class was very interesting for me. I enjoyed the class time and the information presented to me, though not always strictly on the topic of analytical writing, but having strong context with the final assignment. The part of this class that had me the most unenthused was working with complete strangers on a project that was very critical to my grade in the class. At first I was very resistant to the idea, which is a typical characteristic of my personality, but eventually I realized it was time to buck up and make it happen.

Our group started off with Andrew, Luc, Doug and I. Unfortunately Doug was forced to drop the class, something none of us held against him. It just presented us with a problem as we had divided the project into four parts. We then had another person join our group which was going to help us significantly in the completion our project. But alas, this new group member was rarely present, and scarcely involved in group discussion. I'm not trying to pick on one person, or be a jerk, I just find it disheartening that when you arrive at week ten out of eleven and not only do you not know the name of the mysterious forth member or your group, but neither do the other members. So when we arrived at the conclusion that he was not on the same path as us it cleared up the fogginess regarding who is covering the forth part of our paper and the three of us all applied ourselves evenly.

My greatest struggle for this class was actually my other classes. This quarter was the hardest quarter I will have at AIS in terms of work load and outside of class work. I really procrastinated this project, though I never had any intention of completely blowing it off. I also regret now not being in contact more with my group members, mostly Luc, as I have classes everyday with Andrew. I do feel we arrived at a decent final product with our paper however. I know we could have fine tuned it better, and given it a nice shiny coat. But instead of listing excuses I will just say, we didn't get there.

It's in no way my nature to slack on assignments, especially with others' grades on the line. I'm not a "Cs get degrees" kinda guy either. I just felt uninspired and unmotivated when this project first began, mostly because writing isn't my forte, and I don't strive to be acknowledged for my abilities as a literary genius. So, aside from group member debacles, and a good display of procrastination, I will say this was a great learning experience. Both in terms of information I learned about our topic, and things I learned about myself. I really enjoy writing. I really don't enjoy being forced to write. I work well with others. I don't work well with others who don't work well with others. And after doing this project I now know the path I chose as an audio engineer was the right one. Maybe I can do research papers on tape?

title: User:Gabrielstinchfield


text:
User:Anthony.Sebastian

Temporarily, see my User Page at Citizendium: http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/User:Anthony.Sebastian

title: User:Anthony.Sebastian


text:
User:Jianfenglu

Bio
Hello, my name is JianFeng Lu, and I come from China.

Midterm
Typewriter Eraser, Scale X, model 1998, fabricated 1999 stainless steel and fiberglass painted with acrylic urethane.

Claes Oldenburg, American born Sweden, 1929.

Coosje van Bruggen, American born The Netherlands, 1942. Edition 3/3 plus one artist's proof The Paul Allen Family Collection.

"I make my art out of everyday experiences, which I find as perplexing and extraordinary as can be. We don't copy the objects we use, we try to transform them and we hope they go on transforming as you look at them. The idea of endless public dialogue...visual dialogue...is very important to us" --Claes Oldenburg

(I'm not sure if this instruction is the right one which I saw...I was kind of confused when I walk around, sorry about that.)

This is the first time for me to see sculpture in public, I mean outside the room. All the sculptures connected to the nature very well, and to me, they are just a part of the environment. I took a long time to look at all those sculptures, and finally I stopped in front of the 'Crazy Guitar'. I'd like to say that I don't like this one very much. I feel strange when I look at it. The color they used, the place they placed it, all the things seems like no belong to each other, but the author put them together. The author used red on the body of the guitar, and used blue on the strings. Red represents fire, passion, blue represents cold, negative. Honestly, I think the author must be crazy to put this two color on one artwork. Also the strings make me more confuse, because there are lots of strings pointed different places, seems like they want to connect to something. Music is one of the best way to connect different people, groups, countries. People always say that music is unlimited, but when I put this oopinion on the sculpture, it doesn't work. Personally, I think the author should use red on the strings, and choose another color on the body. Then we can say that the music from guitar connected different people with a same music which can prove my opinion. Or we can say that music could be a bridge that can united different people from different countries. After a few days I walked back there, and try to look at the sculpture again. I saw it two blocks away, and I realized that maybe the guitar is broke, maybe this is a fail music, maybe it can't touch people. I still can't figure out the idea which author want to speak from the sculpture, and I still don't like this artwork. Couple times I opened up my computer, and started to looking for the information about the author, and this sculpture. But I didn't let myself look at the information. I telling myself to figue out it myself. About the artwork, about the reason why the author made it. I may love it someday when I woke up, but not now, not like after I cheating on the information online. I planed to go to the sculpture park and look at it twice a week, to feel it, and then I can tell, if I like it or not.

In the end, I would like to say that this assignment is very good for me. Because I've never spent some time in the nature with some artworks, spent some time to think of myself, my own opinion. I enjoyed it very much :)

Assignment: I've Always Wanted To
Idea: I've always wanted to introduce my hometown to you

-Research the history of my hometown (DaLian)

-Places that people would like to visit

-Weather

-Foreign relationships

Week One -Choose topic

Week Two -Researching basic information about my hometown

Week Three -Researching palces that people would like to visit

Week Four -Finding information about the weather

Week Five -Looking for information which make my hometown similar to Seattle

Week Six - Week eight -Put things together

Reflective Assessment
This is my first quater in AIS and I think I did a pretty nice job in this class. I'd like to say that I like this class, but at the beginning of this quater, I didn't pay enough attention in the class, because I thought I already know the things we talked about in the class. After a few classes, I realized that I was wrong, this class seems like easy, but actually the teacher taught me a lot of things that I may not learn in school. I believe I learned a lot and finish my goal at the end of this quater. I like the way Steve handle his class, and I like this Wiki page,, I may continue use this and I hope I'll do well in other classes. Not a so bad first quater, and a group of nice classmates :) Thanks all of you guys.

title: User:Jianfenglu


text:
XSight

About XSight
XSight is a proprietary desktop software package that provides a sophisticated workspace for researchers working with unstructured or qualitative data. It is primarily used by market researchers or qualitative researchers working with very rich text-based information, where deep levels of analysis on small or large volumes of data are required. This type of analysis can encompass case notes, interviews, online panel results and focus group transcripts.

The software allows users to manage, shape and make sense of unstructured information; explore trends in the data; and gain insight and reach meaningful conclusions.

It provides a range of analysis frameworks for importing, classifying and arranging data; tools for testing theories and relationships between items; and the ability to visually map and report thoughts and findings. Search and query tools support the review and reflection process and users can look for patterns, make comparisons, and interrogate the data in seconds.

The current release of this software is XSight 2.0 and it was released in September 2006.

XSight Highlights

 * Customize the user friendly interface to suit your working style.
 * Capture your ideas visually with 'maps', just like you would on a flip chart or whiteboard.
 * Query your data with our powerful, state-of-the-art search engine.
 * Use 'tags' - XSight's answer to highlighter pens - to capture and highlight information.
 * Take a fresh look at your project - zoom in, zoom out or drill down.
 * Build reports and presentations with ease.
 * Work in virtually every language.

Tutorials on how to use XSight
The developers of XSight have created Flash based tutorials for new users to aid in learning how to use the software.

Tutorials are available on the QSR International Website and can be downloaded for free, along with 30 day trial copies of the XSight software. They have been designed to let you work at your own pace. You can pause, skip or repeat sections of the tutorial using the buttons at the bottom of the tutorial screen.

XSight Tutorials
 * Tutorial 1: Introducing XSight (12 minutes)
 * Tutorial 2: Map Your Ideas (13 minutes)
 * Tutorial 3: Analysis Frameworks (18 minutes)
 * Tutorial 4: Specialized Frameworks: Brand Sort (13 minutes)
 * Tutorial 5: Specialized Frameworks: Picture Sort (14 minutes)
 * Tutorial 6: Specialized Frameworks: Concept (13 minutes)
 * Tutorial 7: Work With Queries (11 minutes)
 * Tutorial 8: Reports and Presentations (14 minutes)

Licensing

 * Single licenses: Use one copy of the software for as long as you want.
 * Multiple licenses: Buy three or more licenses to be eligible for a volume discount.
 * Student licenses: A discount exclusively for full time students that provides access to the software for a six month or twelve month period.
 * Site licenses: A cost effective and flexible alternative to paying a one-off license fee.

title: XSight


text: File:CapacitorInductorSmoothing.png

title: File:CapacitorInductorSmoothing.png


text: File:CapacitorInductorSmoothingpf.png

title: File:CapacitorInductorSmoothingpf.png


text:
User:Audrey~enwikiversity

Bio

Hi, I'm Audrey McCrone.

I like to write, so it stands to reason that I actually enjoy researching stuff. Stuff about Web authoring, computer programming, photography, baking and other creative but scientific pursuits. I also enjoy reading literary fiction, when I have nothing better to do.

title: User:Audrey~enwikiversity


text:
User:Liusiwei

Bio
I'm Siwei Liu or Leon. I am 22 years old and I came from China. I've been at AIS for 2 years now, I'm in Industrial Design.

Assignments
Art Walk

What was the least "public" piece of art you saw today, and why?

I think everything was "public", because i've being in Seattle for 2 years and already seen it all.

'''Did you see anything you would not define as art? Why?'''

Everything can be "art", because they all had the creative and production process.

What was something interesting you saw that was not officially on the tour?

The chewing gum wall.

Midterm
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IBOPnp7cKic http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PH6xCT2aTSo

Final
stressed out sticker

title: User:Liusiwei


text:
User talk:Liusiwei

Midterm

title: User talk:Liusiwei


text:
User:EttoreGreco/Comutalismo

Il concetto del Comutalismo riguarda una nuova forma di Democrazia senza politici e tramite l’uso dell’Internet.

In English Commutalism ed anche Kommutalismus in German

Il Comunismo e di recente anche il Capitalismo sono entrambi falliti come sistemi di governo a causa della stessa vecchia malattia: la corruzione. In una nuova e duratura forma di governo la Fiducia non potra' piu’ essere una dei suoi componenti. Ogni sforzo dovrebbe essere intrapreso per formare un nuovo tipo di governo Democratico con nuovi meccanismi che non richiedera’ piu' l’elemento della Fiducia per garantire che la volonta’ della maggioranza sia sempre riflessa nelle leggi di quel governo. Sara’ un sistema di governo con meccanismi sempre nuovi per migliorare nel tempo la possibilita' gia' esistente di un governo cosi' inteso e costruito tramite Internet.

Il concetto del Comutalismo riguarda una nuova forma di Democrazia senza politici e tramite l'uso dell'Internet. Nel Comutalismo, i cittadini voterebbero direttamente le leggi e non i politici. Un sistema di governo cosi' regolato eliminerebbe il costo pubblico dei politici e soprattutto il costo della loro corruzione. Un gabinetto legislativo composto da privati cittadini (ciascun cittadino a turno facente parte di vari gabinetti) puo' essere appuntato per le varie proposte di legge. Ciascuna proposta di legge potra' essere introdotta via Internet e soggetta allo scrutinio pubblico prima che la maggioranza dei cittadini potra' approvarla oppure rifiutarla. Inoltre, un corpo di Polizia in costante cambiamento e composto da un piu' grande numero di cittadini (anche questi a turno) potra' essere formato per fare rispettare le leggi quando ne esiste una richiesta dagli individuali cittadini. Fondi monetari possono essere allocati per i vari programmi sociali e chiunque potrebbe vederne le solvenze ed i bilanci semplicemente osservando la finestrella assegnata sull'Internet. Tutte le leggi sarebbero soggette a revisione periodica poiche' alcune di esse potrebbero essere state approvate erroneamente oppure approvate da un numero limitato di gente che ha prestato allora maggior attenzione oppure anche perche' non in conformita' con tutte le altre leggi approvate. Quando un qualsiasi cittadino ritiene che una certa legge stia danneggiando il proprio interesse allora, la periodica revisione permetterebbe la possibilita' di un cambiamento di quella legge. Tutti i cittadini avrebbero il diritto a votare oppure a non votare ma i loro diritti al voto non potrebbero essere venduti ne' ceduti ad altri. A riguardo di direzione o scelte del Paese, qualsiasi lamentela delle genti sarebbe ingiustificata in quanto o proveniente da una minoranza oppure dovuta da un loro mancato coinvolgimento nel processo elettorale. Questo sistema di leggi riflettera' sempre la volonta' espressa dalla maggioranza dei cittadini votanti.

Per raggiungere un tale risultato dovremmo semplicemente stabilire che tutti gli esseri umani hanno diritto per la loro sopravvivenza a sufficente cibo ed acqua potabile. Potremmo facilmente creare dei meccanismi automatizzati per irrigare piantagioni di vegetali commestibili coltivate al fine di soddisfare i bisogni delle persone meno privilegiate. Queste piantagioni potrebbero essere situate in alcune delle tante zone remote sul nostro Pianeta e non ancora attivamente utilizzate. Con simili meccanismi questi prodotti potrebbero poi essere preparati, confezionati e trasportati, pronti per il loro consumo. Un programma come questo potrebbe essere finanziato da un comune sforzo proveniente dal benessere gia' acquisito dalle popolazioni. Una volta stabilita la quantita' e qualita' di tutti i beni necessari, questi beni potrebbero essere scambiati entro una rete di mercati per condividere le provviste dei beni e soddisfare le esigenze nei diversi rispettivi luoghi. Il meccanismo di sostegno per la sopravvivenza sociale dovrebbe essere in una continua evoluzione al fine di provvedere uno standard di vita adeguato al benessere contemporaneo dei suoi tempi.

Tutti i beni rimasti in eccesso al soddisfacimento sociale (e non necessari) potranno essere scambiati entro una nuova forma di Capitalismo. Nuove e trasparenti regole saranno applicate al Libero Mercato per il commercio di ogni tipo di bene superfluo. Al riguardo del trasferimento di beni e servizi privati, ogni singola transazione dovra' essere riportata sul Net per potere essere visibile da chiunque (proprio come una fattura fiscale resa pubblica). Ciascuna transazione privata sarebbe tassata e simultaneamente pagata con una stessa fissa percentuale valida per tutti. In tale sistema, tutti i beni privati ed i loro proprietari come anche tutte le transazioni valutarie ed i passaggi di proprieta' privata dovranno essere pubblicamente riportati sul Net. Questo servira' ai fini di portare alla luce le illecite transazioni e poter stroncare la corruzione tramite l'immediato confisco di quei beni se non riportati. Una volta che la sopravvivenza sara' garantita per tutti non ci sara' piu' bisogno di essere tolleranti con il crimine come e' comprensibile esserlo oggi quando e' indotto dalla mancanza delle vitali necessita'. Il diritto alla proprieta' dovra' essere protetto e garantito anche per quelli che barattano il Tempo della propria Vita per lavorare ed ottenere di piu' delle basilari necessita' provviste dal sistema.

Fonti
"Cambio di percezione" da Ettore Greco

 * http://www.wavevolution.org/it/index.html

title: User:EttoreGreco/Comutalismo


text: Portal:Linguistics/box-header

title: Portal:Linguistics/box-header


text: Portal:Linguistics/box-footer

title: Portal:Linguistics/box-footer


text:
Portal:Linguistics/Introduction

Welcome to the Linguistics Portal! This page is a guide to Wikiversity learning resources that are about Linguistics in general. Please help create and organize learning resources at the content development projects.

title: Portal:Linguistics/Introduction


text:
Portal:Linguistics/Featured

 * History of Linguistics
 * Phonetics

title: Portal:Linguistics/Featured


text: Portal:Wiki Scholar/box-header

title: Portal:Wiki Scholar/box-header


text: Portal:Wiki Scholar/box-footer

title: Portal:Wiki Scholar/box-footer


text:
Portal:Wiki Scholar/Introduction

Welcome to the Wiki Scholar Portal! This page is a guide to Wikiversity learning resources that are about scholarly publication in general. Please help create and organize scholarly learning resources and publications.

title: Portal:Wiki Scholar/Introduction


text:
Portal:Wiki Scholar/Featured

 * Wikiversity reports.
 * Technical needs
 * Outreach
 * Learning the wiki way
 * Wiki Journal

title: Portal:Wiki Scholar/Featured


text: Portal:Social Research/box-header

title: Portal:Social Research/box-header


text: Portal:Social Research/box-footer

title: Portal:Social Research/box-footer


text:
Portal:Social Research/Introduction

Welcome to the Social Research Portal! This page is a guide to Wikiversity learning resources that are about Social Research in general. Please help create and organize learning resources at the content development projects.

title: Portal:Social Research/Introduction


text:
Portal:Social Research/Featured

 * Ethnography
 * Free culture movement
 * The Nerd Project
 * Discourse analysis
 * Social research
 * Social theory
 * Portal:Social Sciences
 * School:Humanities
 * Topic:Social theory
 * Social Entrepreneurship

title: Portal:Social Research/Featured


text:
Portal:Social Research/Social Research news

 * This area was founded on August 22, 2006.


text:
User talk:Jianfenglu

Jian,
 * Your project idea sounds great! Lots of excellent opportunities for research, and I think the class would find it very interesting.
 * Stevenarntson 17:16, 19 January 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jianfenglu


text:
Spanish 2/Chapter 6 (On the Road)

Driving

 * avenida - avenue
 * camión - truck
 * carretera - highway
 * conductor(ora) - driver
 * cruce de calles - intersection
 * cuadra - block
 * esquina - corner
 * estatua - statue
 * fuente - fountain
 * peatón - pedestrian
 * permiso de manejar - driver's license
 * plaza - plaza
 * policía - police officer
 * poner una multa - to give a ticket
 * puente - bridge
 * semáforo - stoplight
 * señal de parada - stop sign
 * tráfico - traffic

Note: Policía is both masculine and feminine. Señal is feminine.

Driving advice

 * ancho(a) - wide
 * ¡Basta! - Enough!
 * De acuerdo. - OK., Agreed.
 * dejar - to leave, to let
 * Déjame en paz. - Leave me alone.
 * despacio - slowly
 * esperar - to wait
 * estar seguro(a) - to be sure
 * estrecho(a) - narrow
 * Me estás poniendo nervioso(a). - You're making me nervous.
 * peligroso(a) - dangerous
 * quitar - to take away, to remove
 * tener cuidado - to be careful
 * ya - already

Asking and giving directions

 * aproximadamente - approximately
 * ¿Cómo se va...? - How do you get to...?
 * complicado(a) - complicated
 * cruzar - to cross
 * derecho - straight
 * a la derecha - to the right
 * a la izquierda - to the left
 * desde - from, since
 * doblar - to turn
 * en medio de - in the middle of
 * hasta - as far as, up to
 * manejar - to drive
 * metro - subway
 * parar - to stop
 * pasar - to pass, to go
 * por - for, by, around, along, through
 * quedar - to be located
 * seguir - to follow, to continue
 * tener prisa - to be in a hurry

Note: Seguir is a stem-changing verb from e to i.

Present progressive: irregular verbs
Some verbs have irregular present participle forms. To form the present participle of -ir stem-changing verbs, the e in the infinitive changes to i and o changes to a u.

 * decir: diciendo - saying, telling
 * pedir: pidiendo - asking
 * repetir: repitiendo - repeating
 * seguir: siguiendo - following
 * servir: sirviendo - serving
 * vestir: vistiendo - dressing
 * dormir: durmiendo - sleeping

In stem-changing -er verbs, the i in -iendo changes to y.
 * creer: creyendo - thinking
 * leer: leyendo - reading
 * traer: trayendo - bringing

Remember that when you use object pronouns with the present progressive, you can put them before the conjugated form of estar or attach them to the present participle.

Irregular affirmative tú commands
Some verbs have irregular affirmative tú commands. To form many of these commands, simply take the yo form of the present tense and drop the -go.

(infinitive - yo - command)
 * poner - pongo - pon
 * tener - tengo - ten
 * decir - digo - di
 * salir - salgo - sal
 * venir - vengo - ven

Hacer, ir, and ser have irregular tú command forms that must be memorized.
 * hacer: haz - do
 * ir: ve - go
 * ser: sé - be

If you use a direct object pronoun with an affirmative command, attach the pronoun to the command. When a pronoun is added to a command of two or more syllables, a written accent mark is needed of the vowel.

ex. ¡Ayúdame!

Direct object pronouns
You know that direct object pronouns replace direct object nouns. The direct object pronouns lo, la, los, and las can refer to both objects and people. The pronouns me, te, nos, and os refer only to people.

 * me - me
 * te - you (familiar)
 * lo, la - him, her, it, you (formal)
 * nos - us
 * os - you (familiar)
 * los, las - them, you

Remember that in Spanish, the subject and verb ending tell who does the action and the direct object pronoun indicates who receives the action.

ex.¿Me ayudas, por favor?

Direct object pronouns usually come right before the conjugated verb. When an infinitive follows a conjugated verb, the direct object pronoun can be placed before the first verb or attached to the infinitive.

Transportation

 * acera - sidewalk
 * bache - pothole
 * bajar de - to get off
 * hacia - toward
 * multa - fine (for traffic or criminal violation)
 * parada - stop
 * subir de - to get on
 * taxi - taxi

Businesses

 * panadería - bakery
 * heladería - ice cream parlor
 * peluquería - barber
 * papelería - stationary store

Cultural Insight (El barrio)
Neighbors in Spanish-speaking countries tend to know one another very well and usually act as housekeepers when a neighbor is away. Almost every person in a neighborhood has one another's telephone numbers in case of emergencies and for special events, such as an invitation to a party. Traditional neighborhoods are usually near a plaza where the open-air market is held, or other places, such as a theatre, shops, and restaurants.

title: Spanish 2/Chapter 6 (On the Road)


text:
User:Simplicius

Hello

title: User:Simplicius


text:
Wikiversity:Statements of opinion regarding consensus

This is a location within Wikiversity to simply gauge if there may be support for certain actions. It is not a spot for discussion, but it is also not a place to vote.

Short statements of opinion
(~3 items)
 * De-crat Johnny, asap.
 * Reinstate JWSchmdit's custodianship, asap.
 * Unban users from IRC without on-wiki discussion of the ban.

Short statements of opinion
(<> items)


text:
Draft:Professional practice in architecture

Professional practice in architecture covers the entire gamut of undertaking building design and procurement in the construction industry.

Architecture is both the process and the product of planning, designing, and constructing buildings or any other structures.

Buildings
Def. an "act or process by which something is" constructed, or a "closed structure with walls and a roof" is called a building.

Architecture
Def.

 * 1) the "art and science of designing [and managing the construction of] buildings and other structures, particularly if they are well proportioned and decorated",
 * 2) any "particular style of building design",
 * 3) construction, "in a more general sense; frame or structure; workmanship", and
 * 4) a "unifying structure"

is called architecture.

Architecture can mean:
 * A general term to describe buildings and other physical structures.
 * The art and science of designing buildings and (some) nonbuilding structures.
 * The style of design and method of construction of buildings and other physical structures.
 * A unifying or coherent form or structure.
 * Knowledge of art, science, technology, and humanity.
 * The design activity of the architect, from the macro-level (urban design, landscape architecture) to the micro-level (construction details and furniture). The practice of the architect, where architecture means offering or rendering professional services in connection with the design and construction of buildings, or built environments.

Sustainable practices
Sustainable practices that were at the core of vernacular architecture increasingly provide inspiration for environmentally and socially sustainable contemporary techniques. The U.S. Green Building Council's Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) rating system has been instrumental in this.

The recent movements of New Urbanism, metaphoric architecture and New Classical Architecture promote a sustainable approach towards construction that appreciates and develops smart growth, architectural tradition and classical design. This in contrast to modernist and globally uniform architecture, as well as leaning against solitary housing estates and suburban sprawl. Glass curtain walls, which were the hallmark of the ultra modern urban life in many countries surfaced even in developing countries like Nigeria where international styles had been represented since the mid 20th Century mostly because of the leanings of foreign-trained architects.

4th Century
The House of Peter in Capernaum, Israel, has been dated to the 4th century.


text:
User:CamilleFunk

bio
Camille Marie Funk began her life in the beautiful city of Seattle. There she attended an illustrious Catholic school and wore an ugly uniform until her parents decided, by no folly of their own, to move back across the mountains to the desolate city of Yakima so that Camille and her younger brother David could go frollick amongst the tumbleweeds and play in the dirt. After many humiliating years in another Catholic school where she wore another ugly uniform and where the main lesson to be taught was compliance, and individual thought/ expression was feared by the administration, Camille continued her education at Davis High School, the intercity school for fuckups and migrants. Camille enjoyed school for the first time in her life and was influenced by some amazing teachers. She ran cross country and dyed her hair red and painted some pretty sweet shit. Soon it was time to pick a college. Her parents wanted her to go to another Catholic school and for some ridiculous reason she did, for a little while. Then Camille started to work. Alot. She took whatever job she could find, picking cherries, selling chocolates, selling movie posters, selling underwear, leather jackets, makeup, the list goes on and on. She eventually decided to continue her education at the Art Institute of Seattle and study fashion design. She now lives downtown with her wonderful boyfriend, works (unfortunately) for Starbucks for the time being, and just turned 21 and is enjoying herself immensely. Camille wishes she could make the better place right now, that's kind of her driving force, but she doesn't quite know what to do until school's over. It's taking up a lot of her time.

CamilleFunk 21:01, 19 January 2009 (UTC)

final
There are obvious religious objections to population control in all nations. These must first off be respected no matter what the oppositions’ religious views entail. While there may be a way to control a nations population by appealing to their religious beliefs, why not instead appeal to the nations’ religious beliefs regarding the land, their source for resources? This seems a much more effective way for mothers and families to protect the resources they have and understand the effect that a growing population has on these resources. That way, they can manage their own procreation. The people of Ghana believe that they have a spiritual connection with the Earth. Small interest groups have begun to combat the slash and burning of Ghanian forests by individual farmers, because of Western influence. In order for a person to cut down a tree, the person must recite a prayer in the local language to the tree, explaining why they are cutting it down. This has helped in dropping the numbers of burned forests and keeping the Ghanian tradition of stewardship alive. Anyone should have birth control made available to them. However, this does not give governments the right to mandate forced abortions or simply killing infants and orphans through neglect. The distribution of birth control among over-populated countries would reduce abortion and child neglect in the long run. Birth control should be made available in clinics across the the world to provide a safe alternative. In first world countries, we are brought up to believe that population control is supposedly necessary for keeping the planet inhabitable for everyone, and vital for making sure there is enough food and land to go around. However, those of us living in first world countries fail to see that the Earth could in fact support the current population of 6.7 billion people, and, with a possible future emphasis on supplying actual resources rather than the current consumer’s transient whims, could support several more billion people. Population control seems the obvious answer for those of us unwilling to sacrifice getting the flyest Nikes, state of the art computer, or the latest in cosmetic surgery. It both assumes that the third world countries in question are responsible for being unable to take care of their children, and are taking up the most room and using the most resources by their sheer numbers. That is simply not true. Consumerism and greed in the first world has kept third world countries from being able to have access to the resources they need to take care of their children. Out of six billion people, the one billion people in developed nations are using up 86% of the Earth's resources, while the other 5.7 billion people are left with just 14%. The infant mortality rate in third world countries is incredibly high as well. According to the CIA World Fact Book, In Sierra Leone, the infant mortality rate is 156.48 deaths per 1000 live births. If your child had a 16% chance of dying early, and you needed your children to help with farming and finding fresh water, don’t you think you would procreate with a bit more urgency? Again, this brings us back to the real issue, why are the mothers of Sierra Leone giving birth in such conditions that their babies are unable to receive the same chance at life as a baby born in the United States? Why must the mothers rely on having many children in order for them to sustain their family’s meager conditions? The ugly truth of the matter is under the guise of irresponsible, uneducated parenting in the third world countries. The truth is that the resources to make a child’s life in Sierra Leone possible are littering first world garbage dumps. The money spent on making the Xbox, played only a few times until the Wii came out, the money spent on making the Toyota Corolla, replaced six months later, the money spent on making the countless Gucci bags, no longer in style-- all of that could have gone toward ensuring several thousand babies would have a better shot at life in Sierra Leone. In order for people in first world countries to understand how imbalanced these numbers really are, global and environmental responsibility needs to be emphasized from a very young age in school. That way, people actually have a decent understanding of the affects of their actions as both consumers as well as stewards. The reality that we are members of a whole race of humans might give people more compassion for other of cultures, and would hopefully make them more responsible with resources in the future. While I do think that people should be able to make their own spending choices, I propose that the future of education puts all of their efforts into making the unhappy reality of the state of the world abundantly clear to children and quit protecting them from the truth just so they’ll grow up to be good little consumers. Parents and schools must reclaim children from retailers, it is the only hope for the future. In addition to blatant consumer denial of our role to play in this issue, comes the role of the World Bank. According to its very own website, the World Bank is made up of two different development institutions owned by 185 member countries—the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the International Development Association (IDA). The IBRD focuses on middle income and creditworthy poor countries, while IDA focuses on the poorest countries in the world. This organization provides loans and credits for developing countries. This may sound like a godsend for impoverished nations, but the World Bank is actually responsible for the unforgivable conditions and continued lack of resources in these countries. A prime example is Ghana. There, the people believe that they have a spiritual connection with the Earth. However, this is being destroyed by Ghana’s government’s desperate choice in accepting a loans from the World Bank to export their timber. Now, the forests are being slashed and burned for profit by farmers. This leaves the land nearly unable to sustain life or agriculture, as well as disrespects the relationship Ghana’s people have with the land. In addition, the timber yards of Ghana are very simple from continued intuitive lack of funding from the World Bank, and so they only process 15% of the tree, while almost anywhere else in the world would process 86%. In order for the World Bank or the International Monetary Fund to actually be an aid for poor nations, there must be reform regarding the the use and nature of credit. these institutions simply dangle a small prize in front of these poor nations governments, leaving just barely enough for the countries’ populations to survive. How do we enforce a more balanced system? I think this can only be done by people once again, being educated as to why the goods bought are so inexpensive, and beginning to become self reliant again on their own countries. This would create jobs for more people, which would create less needs for government loans and credit. First world countries do not have the right to limit the procreation in third world countries. The answer to the population problem starts on first world grounds. The whole issue is lack of resources for everyone on the planet. If each of the 1 billion people in the first world countries humbled their extravagant lifestyles, then the rest of the world, 5.7 billion people, would not be scraping to get by. The answer to the population problem is to allow each community, including those communities in first world countries, to become stewards of their own individual populations and grounds-- to become self reliant sources of agriculture and resources.

Works Cited: www.overpopulation.org http://www.worldnews.com/ www.greenpacks.org www.grinningplanet.com

reflective assessment
Almost every time I left class, I felt like we needed to start some kind of revolution. It is a wonderful change to have a class that challenges me to actually consider world events from a non business standpoint. While I felt that some of the movies we watched in class were one sided, it did make me go home and do research of my own. I also liked that we discussed the movies during class to try to find out what we could take from them and what could possibly be done to improve their arguments. The population issue really left an impression on me just how much of the lack of resources is the elite's fault. I was also faced with the fact that the fashion industry plays a crucial roll in depleting the Earth of its resources, something I've kind of known for a while. I am unsure of how I want to proceed from here in school and a career. I almost quit my major this quarter, due to this class. It made me consider whether or not I wanted to be responsible for contributing to the fashion industry's effect on the planet. Then I realized that I am just a responsible whether or not I continue my major or not, because I am living in a first world country and by default, a consumer. I have decided from here on out if I have to work for a big fashion company for a while, I want to work for one that uses sustainable fabrics and whose factories are less harsh on the environment. If the company isn't committed wholly in action to trying to reduce waste, I will pilot it myself. I would rather have my own small business that uses sustainable fabrics and production methods. This class has made me look to small businesses like left bank books for guidance. I thought that the Wikiversity format for homework was a useful and cool way to post our homework, but I think that we needed more of a basic understanding of how to post stuff first. I realized that the school expects us all to have computer skills that a lot of people were never taught, so that needs to be introduced, and I need to brush up on mine. As a side note, I have to say that I thought that the group who did the project on sexuality in advertisement could have shown less videos to get their point across. I am not conservative, but I wonder if the point of your paper was lost on the first Guiness ad. You explained it very adeptly, but sitting with a bunch of guys laughing and making sure they weren't getting boners at something that degrading wasn't exactly an invitation for me, as a woman, to hear what was going to be said. I thought that the rest of your presentation was well researched and thoughtful. It was probably my favorite. I don't know that ladies were your primary audience, but if they were, maybe just include the Guiness ad at the end of the presentation, or not at all.

Bio
see above.

Midterm Research Project
I researched the Tonybee tiles.

Final Public Art Project
I created a self help flyer encouraging people to just think for themselves.

Self-Assessment
I had an interesting quarter. A lot happened that was beyond my control, but this class gave me a better outlook on what was going on around me. It made me recognize art in a whole new way, which was a lovely distraction from the rest of everything that happened this quarter. I feel like I have a better grasp on what it means to be public art, something that I will remember and that will challenge me to create art more often. Without its lofty associations, there is no excuse not to be creating public art every day. I guess that's what I liked the most about this class. I feel like it really did pose the question, what is art? in a way that wasn't cheesy or cliche. I have been struggling with finances this quarter and I realize that it really doesn't matter if you have very much at all, you can create art simply by using your body and conveying ideas. I still have a horrible problem with procrastination (sorry steve) but I realized that the reason I procrastinate is because I am afraid of failure so instead of a success, I turn something out at the last minute with the excuse, "oh, if only I had had more time..." which is total bull shit. I also need to improve my public speaking. It freaks me out.

title: User:CamilleFunk


text:
User:Nathan Skewis

bio
I'm Nathan Skewis. Attending the Art Institute of Seattle since Fall 06 for a Bachelors Degree in Fine Arts studying Video Productions and Digital Filmmaking. Among making film, i still do enjoy watching them. Films such as 2001: A Space Odyssey, Fight Club, and Requiem for A Dream. On my free time I play online games, but that is a rarity these days.

assignments
Art Walk: 1. The least public piece of art in my opinion would be the Library. Though the building itself would be considered a piece of art, the pieces inside are closed off for a period of time to the public unlike most of the other pieces that can be viewed at anytime because of their location physically outside.

2. I consider everything seen along the walk as art. Just because of how abstract it is doesn't mean that it losses the term as art.

3. Not really, being in Seattle for a while, i've pretty much seen it all.

title: User:Nathan Skewis


text: File:Cabal of one approved.svg

title: File:Cabal of one approved.svg


text:
User:Neposlusan/Other views

The vast majority of scholars subscribe to the idea of some kind of Deuteronomistic History.

Scholars differ on •	Whether Dtr was composed in pre-exilic times, at the time of Josiah, or first in the exile. •	Among those who identify Josianic and exilic editions, there is disagreement about whether the post Josianic additions were relatively minor or major.

Scholars differ on •	Whether there was a pre Dtr document called the Prophetic Record. 1 Samuel 1 to 2 Kings 10 or whether the pre Dtr documents consisted more ancient things as the Ark Narrative, the History of David's Rise, and the Succession Narrative.

Scholars differ on •	Whether the Deuteronomistic Editing was minimal in the books of Samuel or sizeable. Examples Rise of kingship in 1 Samuel 7-12, 2 Sam 7:22-24 (from the deuteronomistic national focus).

Scholars differ on •	The degree that type face and authorship style can determine what is Dtr, addition, Dtr editing or late additions.

title: User:Neposlusan/Other views


text:
User:Stevenarntson/group spaces/analytical writing/group 1

1. Overview of the problem.
Throughout the process of researching and developing this page, our group focused on defining the issue, discussing it's conflicts, and considering possible solutions. All the while we had to conduct our research through the mindset of five twenty somethings attending college in the United States, the most privileged of the first world countries. We struggled with making our voice fair, and had difficulty finding solutions that would solve the issue; a task that the world and all it's great minds have yet to accomplish. Overpopulation was a very difficult problem to explore and write about, particularly because it is not an easy problem to define. We found that the methods used in the past to control population were morally questionable. This made us reevaluate the topic and explore what could be done on first world grounds. We found that the root of the issue, which is really a lack of resources for everyone, was actually mostly the first world countries' doing. While looking for solutions, we often look towards education of third world countries on birth control and other contraceptives. We found, however, that education needs to first happen at home regarding our horrible consumption habits. We fully acknowledge that the issue of overpopulation, so vast and far reaching a topic as it is, cannot possibly be surmised in this one little page. Absences, mis-communication, and the reality that we are five young adults with classes, graduations, and lives crowding our time, made the vastness of the topic even that much more overwhelming. However, we hope that we have done a sufficient job of compiling some of the most basic, and most important information, in hopes, ultimately, to better educate readers on the issue.

2. History of overpopulation.
History of Over Population

The idea of overpopulation originated with the physiocrats a French led intellectual movement in the 18th century. They argued land determines wealth, since land is finite and is not able to support an endlessly increasing number of people. Their opposing group believed a large population is a form of wealth, making it possible to have larger markets and armies.

From A.D. 1 until the 1900’s our population had a very gradual increase, slowly picking up. Some events in history helped to slow the process down more, but only for a limited period of time. The black plague was a huge help with setting the growth back. The black plague reduced the world's population from about 450 million to about 375 million in the 1400’s. That was a pretty big drop in our population setting it back, but we overcame it and gradually built our numbers back up. Then in the 1800’s four hundred years later we hit the first billion. This about the time Thomas Robert Malthus published six editions of an essay on “The Principle of Population”. He was one of first notable people to recognize our exponential rate and our more linear rate of resources. The industrial revolution also helped living conditions. Almost sixty five percent of the population at this time lived in Asia, about twenty one percent in Europe, and less than one percent in North America. Then in about 1927 one hundred twenty seven years later we hit the two billion marker. The exponential rate of our population really comes into light in this century. This increase in numbers was mainly influence by the help of antibiotics and other health advances being introduced into the public health care, increasing the life expectancy and also the number of children who would live to have children of their own. Thirty three years forward to the 1960’s the population adds another billion to the total making our population three billion. During this time more modern advances in medicine, agriculture, and sanitation had spread to many countries. Fourteen years later. 1974 is the year in which we reached four billion. At this point in time new reproductive technologies such as the condom and birth control helped slow the growth rate, but with such a large number of people already on the earth it was too late for less abrasive measures to slow it down enough to prevent the population explosion from continuing. In 1987 we reached five billion people worldwide. Twelve years later on October 12, 1999 we have added another million. Today North America holds about five percent, Asia sixty one percent, Latin America nine percent, and Africa and Europe hold about twelve percent each. It has been projected that in 2050 we should have around nine billion at this rate.

It took all of human history until 1830 for world population to reach one billion. The second billion was achieved in 100 years, the third billion in 30 years, the fourth billion in 15 years, and the fifth billion in only 12 years. In 2005, world population exceeded 6.5 billion people, growing by nearly 80 million per year. This drastic increase to the world population demonstrates the exponential increase of human life. With human life however, we need resources and with the current trend in population growth it seems as though some groups would believe the earth will soon become unable to support human life. Over 10 years ago John Holdren wrote an article that showed the world exactly what determines our total energy consumption. It says total energy consumption, equals population size times the average per capita energy use. So if E * total energy use, P * population size, and e * energy use per capita, we can say E * P x e. This equation basically states that if we fail to control our per capita consumption we will never solve our ecological problems. Today's "ecological footprint" measure is an elaboration of Holdren's equation. Holdren greatly stressed the importance of consumption awareness. He believed we as a group of people should know the exact amount of resources we were using. In the US, per capita consumption is higher than in developing countries. This equation proves to the US especially that we cannot simply ignore this issue. With regard to oil use, for example, adding one person to the US population is like adding about 15 in China. Other studies have shown that even the average American child uses more than many other countries. In comparison to seemingly “overpopulated” areas of the globe such as Africa a child from the United States uses approximately 30 times more resources than the children of African nations. (www.overpopulation.org)

The world population as of 7:30 last night was 06,840,273,886. By the time you read this article this number will have grown by more than 50,000. Every day there are over 300,000 births and over 14,000 of those births occur every hour. Now some of you may be thinking well hey people are dying too and yes every day there are over 100,000 deaths, but this also means that every single day there are 200,000 new people on this earth. So let’s put this into terms that we all can understand. Everybody know how big Safeco field is right? Well Safeco field can seat 93,242 people. So every day over two entire Safeco fields are filled to max occupancy. Looking at the world populous when from 1988, the year I was born, it seems that in my lifetime the population has grown by over 1 billion people. So as you can see the world population can grow very quickly. The vast number of the World's population increases drastically every single day. No single group is completely at fault and we must take the time to spread awareness of our own population. Everyone thinks that the population crisis is somewhere else. The US media focuses on China and Africa but does not take into consideration the amount of resources that the average American uses.

3. Contemporary Situation.
Over population is a big problem that our planet faces today. According to UTC, the rate of population increase by 1.31% each year. Human population might be growing at a geometric rate. The fact is, population keeps increasing but our planet is not going to expand and grow new land to create space and produce resources for more individuals. United nation assumes the world’s population could grow by another 50% to 9 billion people. Most of the over growth population taking place in less developed regions such as China, Indonesia, India, and many other developing country.

Some nations in Africa are currently unable to feed their citizens and Africa’s population could be double within the next 20 –30 years. As I looked through the internet, news, movie, or prediction by scientist, over population will tighter our land. This is will happen soon because people live in this world need a better place to stay. Cities with overwhelming population are put under great strain to supply housing, health care, education, jobs, and a certain quality of life. The consequence of overwhelming population is that one of these areas must suffer. The greater the population, the more natural resources are burnt up.

There are two things that I really concern about overpopulation which is global warming and garbage. Take a good example of wall-e movie; we would never know what our earth is on the future. People will start to burn garbage if it’s too much and it can reduce the layer of earth atmosphere. A city with overpopulation will lead to roads clattering with cars. According to Miller, G. Tyler, The level of carbon dioxide emission will increase 9% each year. In cities as crowded as Mexico, it will be equivalent to smoking twenty cigarettes a day. Living in an overcrowded city forces us to be part of an unhealthy life, illness, and environmental crisis. The real problem is toxic pollution. America’s major ports have been poisoned for decades. Boston and New York have some of the worst harbors. Water toxicity in the Puget Sound was recently reported to be the worst of any coastal waters in USA. Georgia and Florida also have very high levels of mercury in their ponds, bays and streams. People who like to fishing and eat the fish should be more aware because it can leads to cancer.

That is because the world is overcrowded, therefore people start to ignore and become greedy. Many people may have a life of unemployment and poverty, without access to a good education. As I said on the previous essay, providing family planning, creating awareness will help the to stable world population. The world can turn into overpopulation if the community does not act soon. People must start regulating how many children can have. Let say 2 kids and that’s it, there is no need to have 12 kids running around. It sounds bad to say this, but many people already proved that we are not responsible enough to take care of these ourselves. If we reduced our current population substantially, every person would have more natural resources and more healthful environment

4. Viewpoints.
The primary conflict driving opposing viewpoints in overpopulation exists within whether humanity is truly responsible for correcting the issue of overpopulation or not. Factors such as religious context, economic standpoints, and ethical ramifications all play a role in dividing people on the issue.

Naturally, before a solution to this issue can be reached, the world must come to an agreement concerning the problem itself. However, with people divided on the cause and nature of the issue of overpopulation, solutions are far from humanity's grasp. Bridging the gap between religious standpoints is one of the greatest obstacles. There are two primary conflicts that exist under the umbrella when examining the issue of overpopulation. One deals with the conflict of birth control, and the other deals with the attitude towards procreation itself. One of the most basic conflicts here exists in contraception and birth control itself. It makes sense that overpopulation is greatly effected by birth rates in humanity, and therefor controlling those rates is an important aspect of the issue. The majority of the world's religious sects recognize that family planning is a basic human right and helps promote strong and healthy families. However, many religious organizations still maintain that some methods of birth control interfere with religious values. With the exception of Catholicism, which forbids sex outside of marriage, there are few religions in the united states which expressly forbid the use of birth-control and family planning beyond abstinence. However, the majority of these religions go out of their way to acknowledge that the health and wellness of the family come first, as well as the reality that the decision to pursue birth control is a personal decision. The second aspect of religious conflict within the issue of overpopulation exists in views towards procreation as a fundamental aspect of life. The vast majority of world religions hold that procreation is mankind's duty. Christian scripture cites, repeatedly, that God gave the order to man to "go forth and multiply", referring to children as a reward and blessing to the faithful. Another command given by God is the command to be fruitful in that multiplication. In Genesis 1:28 and Genesis 9:1 God command is to "fill the earth." This implies that not only is mankind meant to reproduce, but also to vastly populate the earth and use it's resources. These principles carry over through many religions, promoting the concept of procreation as a duty and necessity. Catholicism in particular presents sex as sinful, permissible only as a means of reproduction within wedlock. In this way, the idea that mankind's primary objective is to populate the earth, trusting in the nature of the world to control it's flow, religion conflicts with any concept of population control solution.

Another significant obstacle surrounding understanding the issue of overpopulation stems from world economics. Much of this has been and will be discussed in the other sections of this page, but seeing as it is a serious conflict within the issue, it will be briefly detailed here. The World Bank, a massive economic force in the world, has long been effecting the balance of population and the means to support it. Offering loans to developing and underdeveloped countries who do not have the means to pay the interest, the World Bank is a major force in determining how a population will change in said area. Conflict exists in whether this should be permitted to continue when it has such an extreme effect on world economy, and often results in inhumane living conditions. A major conflict existing in the economic issue of overpopulation consists of whether the first world should change their consumption rates, or the third world should work to lower birth rates. Naturally the choice is not quite so black and white, nor will one or the other serve to eradicate the problem. The reason for this will be discussed later, however the conflict in this choice is ever dire. After all, the reality is that first world countries consume massive amounts more than second or third world countries. In fact, if the world's population consumed at the level of high-income countries, the planet could support only around 1.8 billion people, as opposed to the over 6.5 billion that it now houses. Of course, what happens to the world's economy when first world countries cut consumption rates is another factor to consider. One could not surmise that lowering excessive consumption would solve the overpopulation issue in its entirety. On the contrary, the concept of losing the market revolving around first world children alone would effect the entire world's economy.

Finally, humanity has long been divided over the ethics surrounding a solution to overpopulation. Naturally, this conflict stretches far and wide, encompassing viewpoints and opinions that one could not hope to surmise in a single work. The most prominent and basic of these revolve around government involvement, privacy, and basic human rights. Throughout history, the role of the government in population control has been primarily minimal. Commonly, natural occurrences like disease, war, and famine kept population in control, and it was not until the industrial revolution that overpopulation even began to cross humanity's mind. However, as humanity's role on earth became more and more complex, the need to regulate population came into question. More on this can be found in the history section, but the governments involvement in population control, as a rule, has enjoyed minimal success. In nations like communist China, the government's ability to enforce such regulations is far more appreciated than it could ever be in a democratic western nation like the United States. The primary reason being that populations existing in such a state are vehemently opposed to such intrusive government facilitation. Indeed, this goes hand in hand with issues like privacy and human rights. The western world stands firm on the idea that family and procreation are personal matters, and that the government's involvement should be minimal. In addition, to have children and procreate is considered a basic human right allotted to all. Another issue surrounding the ethical ramifications of population control goes back to the strained relationship between first and third world countries. Often, it is difficult to separate the desire to aid in population control from issues like coercion, and resulting eugenics. In other words, often people in third world countries are offered food and aid in return for practicing birth control, resulting in more first world children, and fewer third world. What this can mean for the world population as a whole remains to be seen, but the ethics of the situation speak clearly against such practices, conflicting with possible solutions. In searching for a solution to the issue of overpopulation is is imperative to examine factors such as religious context, economic standpoints, and ethical ramifications before hoping to understand a solution. By doing so, humanity gives itself the greatest possible chances to succeed at such a lofty endeavor.

5. Framework for possible solution.
There are obvious religious objections to population control in all nations. These must first off be respected no matter what the oppositions’ religious views entail. While there may be a way to control a nations population by appealing to their religious beliefs, why not instead appeal to the nations’ religious beliefs regarding the land, their source for resources? This seems a much more effective way for mothers and families to protect the resources they have and understand the effect that a growing population has on these resources. That way, they can manage their own procreation. The people of Ghana believe that they have a spiritual connection with the Earth. Small interest groups have begun to combat the slash and burning of Ghanian forests by individual farmers, because of Western influence. In order for a person to cut down a tree, the person must recite a prayer in the local language to the tree, explaining why they are cutting it down. This has helped in dropping the numbers of burned forests and keeping the Ghanian tradition of stewardship alive.

Anyone should have birth control made available to them. However, this does not give governments the right to mandate forced abortions or simply killing infants and orphans through neglect. The distribution of birth control among over-populated countries would reduce abortion and child neglect in the long run. Birth control should be made available in clinics across the the world to provide a safe alternative. In first world countries, we are brought up to believe that population control is supposedly necessary for keeping the planet inhabitable for everyone, and vital for making sure there is enough food and land to go around. However, those of us living in first world countries fail to see that the Earth could in fact support the current population of 6.7 billion people, and, with a possible future emphasis on supplying actual resources rather than the current consumer’s transient whims, could support several more billion people.

Population control seems the obvious answer for those of us unwilling to sacrifice getting the flyest Nikes, state of the art computer, or the latest in cosmetic surgery. It both assumes that the third world countries in question are responsible for being unable to take care of their children, and are taking up the most room and using the most resources by their sheer numbers. That is simply not true. Consumerism and greed in the first world has kept third world countries from being able to have access to the resources they need to take care of their children. Out of six billion people, the one billion people in developed nations are using up 86% of the Earth's resources, while the other 5.7 billion people are left with just 14%.

The infant mortality rate in third world countries is incredibly high as well. According to the CIA World Fact Book, In Sierra Leone, the infant mortality rate is 156.48 deaths per 1000 live births. If your child had a 16% chance of dying early, and you needed your children to help with farming and finding fresh water, don’t you think you would procreate with a bit more urgency? Again, this brings us back to the real issue, why are the mothers of Sierra Leone giving birth in such conditions that their babies are unable to receive the same chance at life as a baby born in the United States? Why must the mothers rely on having many children in order for them to sustain their family’s meager conditions? The ugly truth of the matter is under the guise of irresponsible, uneducated parenting in the third world countries. The truth is that the resources to make a child’s life in Sierra Leone possible are littering first world garbage dumps. The money spent on making the Xbox, played only a few times until the Wii came out, the money spent on making the Toyota Corolla, replaced six months later, the money spent on making the countless Gucci bags, no longer in style-- all of that could have gone toward ensuring several thousand babies would have a better shot at life in Sierra Leone.

In order for people in first world countries to understand how imbalanced these numbers really are, global and environmental responsibility needs to be emphasized from a very young age in school. That way, people actually have a decent understanding of the affects of their actions as both consumers as well as stewards. The reality that we are members of a whole race of humans might give people more compassion for other of cultures, and would hopefully make them more responsible with resources in the future. While I do think that people should be able to make their own spending choices, I propose that the future of education puts all of their efforts into making the unhappy reality of the state of the world abundantly clear to children and quit protecting them from the truth just so they’ll grow up to be good little consumers. Parents and schools must reclaim children from retailers, it is the only hope for the future.

In addition to blatant consumer denial of our role to play in this issue, comes the role of the World Bank. According to its very own website, the World Bank is made up of two different development institutions owned by 185 member countries—the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the International Development Association (IDA). The IBRD focuses on middle income and creditworthy poor countries, while IDA focuses on the poorest countries in the world. This organization provides loans and credits for developing countries. This may sound like a godsend for impoverished nations, but the World Bank is actually responsible for the unforgivable conditions and continued lack of resources in these countries. A prime example is Ghana. There, the people believe that they have a spiritual connection with the Earth. However, this is being destroyed by Ghana’s government’s desperate choice in accepting a loans from the World Bank to export their timber. Now, the forests are being slashed and burned for profit by farmers. This leaves the land nearly unable to sustain life or agriculture, as well as disrespects the relationship Ghana’s people have with the land. In addition, the timber yards of Ghana are very simple from continued intuitive lack of funding from the World Bank, and so they only process 15% of the tree, while almost anywhere else in the world would process 86%.

In order for the World Bank or the International Monetary Fund to actually be an aid for poor nations, there must be reform regarding the the use and nature of credit. these institutions simply dangle a small prize in front of these poor nations governments, leaving just barely enough for the countries’ populations to survive. How do we enforce a more balanced system? I think this can only be done by people once again, being educated as to why the goods bought are so inexpensive, and beginning to become self reliant again on their own countries. This would create jobs for more people, which would create less needs for government loans and credit.

First world countries do not have the right to limit the procreation in third world countries. The answer to the population problem starts on first world grounds. The whole issue is lack of resources for everyone on the planet. If each of the 1 billion people in the first world countries humbled their extravagant lifestyles, then the rest of the world, 5.7 billion people, would not be scraping to get by. The answer to the population problem is to allow each community, including those communities in first world countries, to become stewards of their own individual populations and grounds-- to become self reliant sources of agriculture and resources.

http://www.ciaworldfactbook.com

www.overpopulation.org

http://www.worldnews.com/

www.greenpacks.org

www.grinningplanet.com

6. Group Sources.
No Author Listed. Feb, 16 2009, www.overpopulation.org

KatieManske 08:23, 18 March 2009 (UTC)

Menter, Rebekah. "A Christian View on Population Control". Last Updated July 11, 2008. Accessed March 15 &17, 2009.

Knight, Kevin. NewAdvent.org. "Theories of Population". Accessed March 14-17, 2009.

BBC.co.uk. "The Ethical Problems of Mass Birth-Control Methods". © MMIX Accessed March 10-17, 2009.

Dawn, Stacey. M.Ed, LMHC. "What Do Religions Say About Birth Control and Family Planning?" Updated: Oct 22, 2007. Accessed March 16&17, 2009.

Overpopulation.org. Karen Gaia; publisher, editor, webspinner.Last updated: Jan 19, 2009. Accessed: Feb & March, 2009.

Camille's Sources

GRINNINGPLANET.com. Jeantheau, Mark. © 2009. Accessed for citing March 24, 2009.

GREENPACKS.ORG. ©2008.

WORLDNEWS.com. © 2009. Word News Network.

ciaworldfactbook.com


text:
President of the United States/Worksheets/Worksheet 4.B

Making a List
As you may recall from a previous lesson, we have dicussed ../../Vice Presidential Succession/ and found that there has been a total of nine successions due to the death or resignation of a serving President. Considering that for each succession we want to identify the names of both Presidents, their terms in office, and the date of succession, we have a lot of trivia to commit to rote memory.

However, we can simplify our task by breaking the list of nine into three smaller lists: Presidents who died of natural causes, were assassinated, or resigned.

Again, let's minimize memorization and first eliminate those we already know. From the previous list of Middle Presidents, 16th Abraham Lincoln was assassinated in 1865, and 32nd Franklin D. Roosevelt died of natural causes in 1945.

Kennedy and Nixon
Additional names that stand out as familiar are 35th John F. Kennedy who was assassinated in Nov 1963, and 37th Richard Nixon who resigned in August 1974. These two Presidents and their successors also fill in the gap left between 34th Dwight D. Eisenhower and 39th Jimmy Carter. With only four names to remember, this chain is made simple if we realize that Richard Nixon was Vice President under both terms of Dwight D. Eisenhower, and competed with John F. Kennedy in the first televized Presidential debates during the election of 1960. As the 35th President, John F. Kennedy was assassinated in 1963, with then Vice President Lyndon Johnson becoming the 36th President. Lyndon Johnson won the election of 1964 to serve a full second term, then Richard Nixon returned to become the 37th President after the election of 1968. Richard Nixon resigned from office during his second term in 1974, and was replaced by Gerald Ford as the 38th President, the only President to have not been elected to office. The 39th President was Jimmy Carter, which is where we picked up the end of our list in the previous worksheet.

Before the Civil War
There are many ways to categorize the information to make it more memorable, and for this reason, it is interesting to note that two Presidents died of natural causes before Lincoln was assassinated in Apr 1865.

As the 9th President, William Henry Harrison died of pneumonia in Apr 1841, only a month after his inaugeration, which means there were actually three Presidents in 1841: 8th Martin Van Buren, 9th William Henry Harrison, and 10th John Tyler, who completed the one term. For those interested in trivia, this phenomenon of three Presidents in one year repeats in 1881.

Though some may claim otherwise, the death of 12th Zachary Taylor of gastroenteritis in Jul 1850, is generally considered natural causes. Millard Fillmore completed the one term as the 13th President.

After the Civil War
As the Civil War drew to a close, 16th Abraham Lincoln became the first President to be assassinated in Apr 1865, followed in Sep 1881 by 20th James A. Garfield, and 25th William McKinley in Sep 1901. The next President to die of natural causes was Warren G. Harding of heart attack in Aug 1923. The final three are already familiar: 32nd Franklin D. Roosevelt in Apr 1945 of cerebral hemorage, 35th John F. Kennedy in Nov 1963 was assassinated, and 37th Richard Nixon resigned in Aug 1974.


text:
Sociology of religion

Weber argues for making sense of religious action on its own terms. A religious group or individual is influenced by all kinds of things, he says, but if they claim to be acting in the name of religion, we should attempt to understand their perspective on religious grounds first. Weber gives religion credit for shaping a person's image of the world, and this image of the world can affect their view of their interests, and ultimately how they decide to take action.

For Weber, religion is best understood as it responds to the human need for theodicy and soteriology. Human beings are troubled, he says, with the question of theodicy – the question of how the extraordinary power of a divine god may be reconciled with the imperfection of the world that he has created and rules over. People need to know, for example, why there is undeserved good fortune and suffering in the world. Religion offers people soteriological answers, or answers that provide opportunities for salvation – relief from suffering, and reassuring meaning. The pursuit of salvation, like the pursuit of wealth, becomes a part of human motivation.

title: Sociology of religion


text:
Pre-Algebra

Introduction
Pre-Algebra takes what you learned in elementary school and bridges it into what you will learn in high school (or middle school). Starting with what you learned about basic math, you will be taught concepts that will be applied in later years.

Topics
Lesson 1 - The Real Number System Lesson 2 - The Variable Lesson 3 - The Equation Lesson 3.1 - Properties of Equality

title: Pre-Algebra


text:
Theology as Seen in Prophets and Psalms/Nature of Prophets and Prophecy

Dtr 18:20-22 Is the Biblical test for false prophets and false prophecy. A false prophet either speaks for false gods or attributes to the Lord things that the Lord did not command him to speak. The criteria for prophecy is thus: One; It must be uttered in the name of the Lord. The Message Formula gives the clue that this is not just an opinion or an off-the-wall comment by a prophet. So, with out the marker it cannot be taken as a prophecy, pretended or otherwise. Only when he/she is delivering the word of the Lord. Two; The prophecy must not fail. But no timeframe is established for the fulfillment of a prophecy. This is very subjective. If however, a known prophet of God proclaimed that X would happen because God said it would then faith would follow that it will occur. Now the Deuteronomy test doesn't say that a man is a false prophet because his prophecy failed, only that the failed prophecy is false. This being the case, it is incorrect to conclude, that one false prophecy makes for a false prophet. The danger in so defining the Deuteronomy test is a tendency to "explain away" the prophecy and thus the prophet. The work is done for us, however, the process of determining the truth or falseness of a prophet would be completely subjective were it not for the fact that certain words of true prophets are canonnized.

This may seem like proving something by saying it is so. To that I would say that it is faith that determines belief and not belief that determines faith.


text:
Theology as Seen in Prophets and Psalms/Shape of Prophetic Corpus

Be firm and steadfast, so that I may give this people what I promiced. Josh 1:6 is the core and whole of the old and the new testaments. It is what the bible is about. There is information on how it all started. "This is the world and it was created." A history of how the covanant began and with whom. The Old Testament is History, Law and Correction. The New is History Teachings and Promice. All of these are set to hold up the simple idea that God wants to reward his people and bring them to know Him.


text:
User:MsKnow it all

Hello, First, I don't know everything, nor do I think I do. On the contrary, people say that I'm a humble person. I purposefully phrased the latter sentence in that mannerfor If I say I'm humble I would almost be contradicting myself in a small way. obviously, I value humility in all humanity--especially in myself. I like that quote, which I don't know verbitum, but it states something to the effect of 'the more knowledge I accumulate, and the more I experience, the more I know how much I don't.' All I know is that I love to learn and study most everything. I'm an avid reader and writer; however, my writing in here leaves much to be desired.

title: User:MsKnow it all


text:
User:NateJenkins

assignments
Art Walk

In my opinion, the least public piece of art I saw upon the walk was Sam Francis’s untitled canvas. I adore the obscure and abstract presentation of the artwork, and feel like it was the most subtle and interesting piece I saw all day.

There were a few sculptures and such that I did not necessarily appreciate as much as someone else might, but I do not think that it was not art, even if I personally do not like it.

I saw something interesting on every single block of the city, whether it was someone being arrested or a homeless band of gypsies… Seattle is full of interesting things.

title: User:NateJenkins


text:
Template:Add activity

<>

(to the end of this page)

Usage
Add a new section for an Activity summary entry on a page of learning activities.

A edit box will open preloaded with template Activity preload for which you may supply details of the activity to be added.

When you save the section you may edit the description of the activity and populate links to sub-pages.

Sample Activity Page.

title: Template:Add activity


text:
User:Daniel Husser

bio
I am studying for my bachelors degree in the video production program.

reflective assessment
Daniel Husser 07:34, 27 January 2009 (UTC)

title: User:Daniel Husser


text:
User:BrianTourville

bio
My name is Brian Tourville, my friends tend to call me Broon, I'm not sure why.

I like movies, hence the reason why I'm in the video program I also like music. I play the drums, and was a band nerd throughout highschool. I was was one of the few cool band nerds, but a band nerd nonetheless. I am working to become a professional editor in some capacity, whether I get a job in the film industry, TV, or advertising.

title: User:BrianTourville


text:
Start a Wikiversity Project

This will become a tutorial or set of learning resources covering how to:

 * Make a portal (a little geek assistance may be necessary but the framework is there)
 * e.g. Portal:Social Entrepreneurship and Portal:FLOSS4Science
 * Establish a Course or module
 * e.g. using Module Intro Page (end-user friendly)
 * samples: the curriculum entries under "General" on the SSE Curriculum pages
 * Add learning Activities (end-user friendly)
 * Using (e.g.) Add activity
 * samples: Sample Activity Page

The content could be extended to cover general project development issues - conception, peer production, feasibility, strategy, networking, budgeting, design, workflow, implementation plan, funding, management, leadership, curriculum development, (wiki) pedagogy, best practices, sustainability, etc.

So far, only one approach is covered. The resources could cover many. K 22:42, 20 January 2009 (UTC)

title: Start a Wikiversity Project


text:
User talk:ComputerHotline

 Hello ComputerHotline, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random project.
 * Browse Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Give feedback about your initial observations
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! --mikeu talk 13:38, 20 January 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:ComputerHotline


text:
Java Platform, Enterprise Edition/Java EE Tutorial/Writing in JSP

Scripting Elements
Expressions of the form Scriptlets of the form Declarations of the form

JSP directive

JSP Comment


text:
The Number System

The Number System
The number system is the way we categorize numbers. There may be an infinite amount of them, but they all fall nicely into several ranges.

Except for the last one, all of these groups, or sets, are cascading inclusive: the first group is part of the second, which is part of the third, which is part of the fourth, and the pattern continues.

Natural Numbers
Natural numbers (also called counting numbers) can be formed by repeated addition of the number 1. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7... and so on By most definitions, 0 is a natural number representing no value.

Whole Numbers
The group of whole numbers is another name for the natural numbers but always includes 0: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5...

Integers
Integers include all whole numbers but also extend infinitely into the negative numbers. Except for zero (which is neither positive nor negative), all integers are assumed to be positive if they do not have a negative sign (-) marking them negative. ...-4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5....

Rational Numbers
Rational numbers are any number that can be represented by $$\frac {a}{b} $$, where a and b are any integer and b does not equal zero.

This includes fractions such as $$\frac {2}{3} $$ and whole numbers (The whole number 32 can be represented as $$\frac {32}{1} $$). Many decimals are rational numbers, too, even non-terminating repeating ones such as 0.333... and 0.412412412.... 0.333... can be expressed as $$\frac {3}{9} $$ or $$\frac {1}{3} $$ (try dividing 3 into 9, and you'll see why). 0.412412412... can be expressed as $$\frac {412}{999} $$

Irrational Numbers
This group is completely exclusive from all the aforementioned groups. It is its own group. Irrational numbers are any number which can not be written as the quotient (division) of two integers, which means it can't be represented by $$\frac {a}{b} $$ forms, numbers such as pi, equal to 3.14159... (with no terminating digit). The square root of any whole number other than the square of an integer (0, 1, 4, 9, 16 ...) is irrational. Irrational numbers have non-repeating decimal expansions. Any number which is a repeating decimal is rational.

title: The Number System


text:
User talk:Melania.coman

 Hello Melania.coman, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random project.
 * Browse Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Give feedback about your initial observations
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! -- DarkObsidian @en.Meta-Wiki 15:49, 20 January 2009 (UTC)

Recent Edit
Hi Melania.coman,

You've recently edited User page in the future please do not remove the contents - your userpage is located on User:Melania.coman. DarkObsidian @en.Meta-Wiki 15:49, 20 January 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Melania.coman