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Introduction to Category Theory/Monoids

Binary operators
A Binary operator on set A is a function from the product set $$A \times A$$ to set A. A Binary operator f is called commutative, if all elements a and b in A satisfy the equation: Otherwise it is non-commutative. A binary operator f is called associative if all elements a, b, c in A satisfy the equation:
 * $$f(a,b)=f(b,a)\,$$.
 * $$f(f(a,b),c)=f(a,f(b,c))\,$$

We've already seen two binary operators: union and intersection of subsets of set A are binary operators in the powerset of A. Are they commutative or non-commutative? Associative or non-associative?

Let's take a look at two other simple binary operators.

Addition of Integers
If m and n are integers, then the sum of m and n is an integer. So addition is a binary operator in the set of integers. We usually write addition with the symbol '+', but we can also write it Add(m,n).
 * $$\operatorname{Add}(3,5) = 3+5 = 8$$

Concatenation of words
Let S be the set of three letters {a,b,c}. Then the set of all words generated by letters S is the set
 * $$F(S) = \{-,a,b,c,aa,ab,ac,ba,bb,bc,ca,cb,cc,aaa,aab,aac,...\}\,$$.

That is, finite sequences of elements of S, including the empty sequence, here designated by the symbol '$$-$$'.

In this set we can define binary operator
 * $$\operatorname{Concat}: F(S) \times F(S) \to F(S)$$

by writing two words together without any separating space between them. Concat(abac,cab) = abaccab. Concat(-,acca) = acca. Concat is non-commutative operator
 * $$\operatorname{Concat}(ab,ba) = abba \neq baab = \operatorname{Concat}(ba,ab)$$.

But it is associative:
 * $$\operatorname{Concat}(\operatorname{Concat}(a,b),c) = \operatorname{Concat}(a,\operatorname{Concat}(b,c))$$

Unary operators
A Unary operator on a set A is a function from the set A to itself.

Unary concatenation
On a set of all the words of the latin alphabet L={a, b, c, ..., z}, we can define the unary operator Abbaify, that will add word abba in front of it's argument. Abbaify(xyz) = abbaxyz, Abbaify(rox) = abbarox, Abbaify(Abbaify(qwerty)) = abbaabbaqwerty. In fact we can define similar function for every single word.
 * Helloify: $$F(L) \to F(L)$$, Helloify(world) = helloworld
 * Canyouify: $$F(L) \to F(L)$$, Canyouify(readthis) = canyoureadthis

All these function form a set
 * FrontAdders = {set of all functions that add fixed word in front of its argument}

There's also a function from the set of words to the set FrontAdders
 * $$\operatorname{MakeAdder}: F(L) \to FrontAdders$$

For example
 * MakeAdder(abba) = Abbaify
 * MakeAdder(hello)(there) = Helloify(there) = hellothere

For every pair of words x and y, the following equation holds
 * Concat(x,y) = MakeAdder(x)(y)

Unary addition of integers
For every integer n, there's a unary operator
 * $$\operatorname{Addn}: \mathbb{Z} \to \mathbb{Z}$$

that adds n to its argument. Add5(7) = 12, Add3(13)=16, Add0(123)=123, Add[-2](5) = 3. We can define set Adders = {..., Add[-2], Add[-1], Add0, Add1, Add2, ...} and a function
 * $$\operatorname{MakeAdder}: \mathbb{Z} \to Adders$$

that take integer n to funtion Addn. For example
 * $$\operatorname{MakeAdder}(5) = \operatorname{Add5}$$
 * $$\operatorname{MakeAdder}(10)(-4) = \operatorname{Add10}(-4) = 6$$

For every integer x and y, following equation holds
 * $$\operatorname{MakeAdder}(x)(y) = \operatorname{Add}(x, y) = x + y$$

So the set Adders of unary operators can do everything that binary operator Add can. In the next section we define set of arrows (or nullary operators) that take no arguments, and yes, they still can add integers.

Cayley's Theorem
If you've done a bit of group theory (if you haven't, you should, but for the moment you can just ignore this paragraph), you can see that the basic idea of the two examples above is the same as that of Cayley's theorem, which says that any group is isomorphic to a certain subgroup of that group's group of bijections. That is, elements of the group can be regarded as being the same thing as certain unary operations applying to that group. The isomorphism consists of mapping a group element $$a\in G$$ onto the mapping $$f_a:G\rightarrow G$$ defined by $$f_a(x) = a*x\,$$. (To fill in the details here, first prove that $$f_a\,$$ is a bijection of $$G\,$$ onto $$G\,$$, then that the mapping $$a\rightarrow f_a$$ is an injective homomorphism (monomorphism) from $$G\,$$ onto the group of bijections of $$G\,$$, with composition of functions corresponding to the group operation.)

Arrows
In the original conception of binary operators, we take two members of a set, and apply an operation to them to give another. With the shift to unary operators, we apply a unary operation to a single member of a set to get another. But since the unary operation applies to every member of the set, we can think of this as something that is done to the whole set, with no consideration of individual members. Thinking of the integers, for example, the old view is (approximately) represented by the left-hand side of the figure below, where we have a set containing various members, and a single binary operation combining them (the binarity of the operation is not represented):

On the right, we see the proposed new view, where 'the integers' are presented as an unstructured blob, with a collection of unary operations applying to it.

If we stop worrying about what these unary operations do to whatever they apply to, which amounts to thinking of them as 'zero place' operations that don't actually apply to anything, but just go from one place to another, we arrive at the basic idea of arrow, which can be informally defined as follows:

Arrow $$f: A \to B$$ is an object, that points from A to B and can be composed with other arrows that either end at A or start from B.

What does it mean to compose two arrows? When is the composition of arrows $$f: A \to B$$ and $$g: B \to C$$ equal to arrow $$h: A \to C$$? There needs to be some rule of composition. When arrows are based on unary operations, composition of arrows amounts to successive application of the operations (that is, composition of functions). Let's take a look at two examples.

Example: integers as arrows
For every integer n, there's a corresponding arrow $$\text{Addn}: \mathbb{Z} \to \mathbb{Z}$$. Composition of two arrows has the rule
 * $$(\text{Addm} \circ \text{Addn}) = \text{Add}[m+n]$$.

So in this case, the rule of composition is essentially the same as the binary operator Add of the underlying set $$\mathbb{Z}$$. At first it might seem that we haven't achieved much, but that's not true. We have shifted the point of view from elements of a set to arrows outside the set. It is an important observation: what is an arrow from one point of view, is an object from another point of view. Note that these integer-arrows compose associatively.

Example: words as arrows

Every word is a sequence of letters and every word is written one letter at a time. So if our alphabet consists of three letters a, b, and c, each of which is also an arrow starting and ending at the same point, then every word corresponds to exactly one path along the arrows. Two compositions of words are the same, if their decomposition into letters are the same. For example
 * Hardify $$\circ$$ Lyricsify = Hardlyify $$\circ$$ Ricsify

since they both can be decomposed into
 * $$h \circ a \circ r \circ d \circ l \circ y \circ r \circ i \circ c \circ s$$.

So composition of word-arrows is also associative (in fact, if people call something an arrow, its composition is always associative).

Definition
Monoid is an object M together with a collection of arrows $$f:M \to M$$ that satisfy the following properties:
 * For every pair of arrows f,g in M, the composition $$g \circ f$$ of arrows is also in M.
 * Composition of arrows is associative. In other words for every triplet of arrows f, g, and h in M the equation
 * $$h \circ (g \circ f) = (h \circ g) \circ f$$ holds.

 * There's a special arrow $$1_M$$, called the identity arrow of M that satisfies
 * $$1_M \circ f = f = f \circ 1_M$$ for every arrow f in M.

Arrows of a monoid are also called morphisms (or endomorphisms or simply elements).

If in addition $$g \circ f = f \circ g$$ for every arrow f,g in M, we say that monoid is commutative, otherwise it's non-commutative.

More familiarly and less abstractly, perhaps: A monoid is a set that is closed under an associative binary operation and has an identity element. Note that unlike a group, its elements need not have inverses. It can also be thought of as a semigroup with an identity element.

A monoid must contain at least one element.

A monoid that is commutative is, not surprisingly, known as a commutative monoid.

Monoid of integers
Set $$\mathbb{Z}$$ together with arrows Addn is a monoid:
 * For every triplet l,m,n of integers
 * $$Addl \circ (Addm \circ Addn) = Addl \circ Add[m+n] = Add[l+m+n] = Add[l+m] \circ Addn = (Addl \circ Addm) \circ Addn$$

 * Add0 is the identity arrow
 * $$Addn \circ Add0 = Add[n+0] = Addn = Add[0+n] = Add0 \circ Addn$$

From now on we will drop cumbersome notation Addn and will simple write n, and instead of using composition symbol circle '$$\circ$$', we'll use symbol plus '+'.

Monoid of words
For every word in F(L) there is a corresponding arrow Wordify.
 * Composition of arrows corresponds to concatenation of words, so it is not commutative.
 * Composition of arrows is associative. Example:
 * $$ Redify \circ (Greenify \circ Blueify) = Redify \circ Greenblueify = Redgreenblueify $$
 * $$ (Redify \circ Greenify) \circ Blueify = Redgreenify \circ Blueify = Redgreenblueify $$

 * There is an identity Ify.
 * $$ Ify \circ Colorify = Colorify \circ Ify = Colorify $$

Functor between monoids
Functor F from monoid M to monoid N is a function from arrows of M to arrows of N, with following properties:
 * F takes the identity arrow of M to the identity arrow of N
 * $$F(1_M) = 1_N$$

 * Functor preserves composition of arrows
 * $$F(f \circ_M g) = F(f) \circ_N F(g)$$ for all arrows f,g in M.

Functors between two monoids are also called monoid homomorphisms.

Length of word
Function Length that counts the number of letters in word is a monoid homomorphism.
 * Length of empty word is 0
 * If word x has m letters and word y has n letters, then concatenation $$x \circ y$$ of words has m+n letters, for example
 * Length(homo + morphism) = Length(homomorphism) = 12 = 4 + 8 = Length(homo) + Length(morphism).

Free Monoid
Let M be a monoid and let S be a subset of arrows in M. We say that monoid M is generated by the set S, if every arrow in M is a finite composition of arrows in S.

The monoid of natural numbers (0,1,2,3,...) is generated by the arrow 1, since every positive integer is a finite sum of 1's. Number zero is a composition of zero generators; that is, zero is the sum of zero 1's.

The monoid of integers (...,-2,-1,0,1,2,...} is generated by the set {-1,1} of arrows. This monoid is also generated by {-5,2}, since -5+2+2 = -1 and -5+2+2+2 = 1.

The empty monoid, with nothing but the identity arrow, is generated by the empty set { }.

We say that monoid M is freely generated by the set S of arrows if every arrow in M is a finite composition of arrows in S in exactly one way. That is if
 * $$f = s_1 \circ s_2 \circ ... \circ s_n = r_1 \circ r_2 \circ ... \circ r_m$$

with all $$s_i$$ and $$r_i$$ in the set S (but not necessary distinct), then
 * $$n = m\;$$ and $$s_1=r_1, s_2=r_2, ..., s_n=r_m\;$$.

We say that monoid M is a free monoid if it's freely generated by some subset of arrows.

The set of all words generated by a set L of letters is free by the definition of word. This set is sometimes written
 * $$F(L) = 1 + L + L \times L + L \times L \times L + L \times L \times L \times L + \ldots$$

The monoid of natural numbers is a free monoid. It's freely generated by the number 1.

Proposition. Monoid of integers is not free.

Proof. If the set of generators contains the number 1, then it can't contain any other positive integer, since every positive integer is a finite sum of 1's. It can't contain any negative numbers either, since any negative number plus a finite sum of 1's is 1.

On the other hand every set of generators must generate number 1, so 1 is the finite sum $$(s_1 + s_2 + ... + s_n)$$ of generators. But a finite sum of finite sums is a finite sum, so every positive generator $$s_0\;$$ can be composed as
 * $$s_0 = (s_1 + ... + s_n)_1 + (s_1 + ... + s_n)_2 + ... + (s_1 + ... + s_n)_{s_0}\;$$.

For a negative generator $$-s_0\;$$ we have
 * $$-s_0 + (s_1 + ... + s_n)_1 + (s_1 + ... + s_n)_2 + ... + (s_1 + ... + s_n)_{s_0+2} = 1 = (s_1 + ... + s_n)$$

that gives two different compositions for the number 1. $$\Box$$

Exercises

 * 1) A monoid $$M\;$$ is called cyclic if there's an arrow $$f\;$$ such that every arrow of $$M\;$$ can be written as $$f^k\;$$ for some positive integer $$k$$ — that is, $$M\;$$ is generated by $$f\;$$ — and $$f^k=1_M\;$$ for some $$k>0$$. If $$g\;$$ is any arrow of a monoid $$N\;$$ and $$n$$ is the smallest positive integer such that $$g^n=1_N\;$$, then we call $$n$$ the period of $$g\;$$. The period of a cyclic monoid is the period of its generator. If cyclic monoid $$M\;$$ has period $$m$$, and cyclic monoid $$N\;$$ has period $$n$$, describe all monoid homomorphisms from $$M\;$$ to $$N\;$$.

Related resources

 * Binary operation
 * Unary operation
 * Monoid
 * Endomorphism
 * Free semigroup
 * Formal language
 * Homomorphism
 * Cyclic group

title: Introduction to Category Theory/Monoids


text:
User:Awsomeness

Hi!!!!! im cool!!! I'll usually be making articals about animation!!!

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Awsomeness


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User talk:Awsomeness

Welcome
Hello Awsomeness, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; for it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may
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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold, and see you around Wikiversity! --JWSchmidt 05:07, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Awsomeness


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User talk:Kvn rydr

Welcome
Hello Kvn rydr, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; for it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may
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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold, and see you around Wikiversity! Erkan Yilmaz ( my talk page, wiki blog ) 05:30, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Kvn rydr


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User talk:Dcubar~enwikiversity

Welcome
Hello Dcubar, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; for it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may
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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold, and see you around Wikiversity! Erkan Yilmaz ( my talk page, wiki blog ) 06:12, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Dcubar. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Dcubar~enwikiversity that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:30, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 06:05, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dcubar~enwikiversity


text:
User:Pumpmeup

User pages: Wikimedia Commons — English Wikipedia — Meta — (all) - CONTACT ME

Hi everyone! My name is Ben and I'm just starting to become more active here on Wikiversity.
 * Quotes of the week:
 * "Lets make the internet not suck"
 * "I just ate dinner"

Wikilinks

 * Wikipedia service-learning courses
 * School:WikiStandards
 * #wikiversity (interlingual)
 * #wikiversity-en
 * User:Pumpmeup/Sandbox

title: User:Pumpmeup


text:
User talk:Pumpmeup

User talk pages: Wikimedia Commons — English Wikipedia — Meta — (all) - CONTACT ME

Welcome
Hello Pumpmeup, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; for it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may
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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold, and see you around Wikiversity! --JWSchmidt 01:43, 24 October 2007 (UTC)

something for admins
Wikipedia service-learning courses At IRC #wikiversity-en we've had some discussions of possibly running some kind of training for admin candidates. At Wikiversity, we have a mentoring system for new admins (called "custodians" here). --JWSchmidt 01:43, 24 October 2007 (UTC)

"I'm not too sure how the courses are set out" <-- Wikiversity is new and experimental. I think most of us have been reluctant to say that there is any one way to do things. Personally, I'm not much into structured learning, but other people need structure. I like the idea of "active learning" and trying to have projects for learners that go beyond just reading webpages. I tend to like the idea that Wikiversity learning resources might be "learning projects"....I like the idea that people can learn by forming communities where the group has learning goals and the unifying focus is on wiki webpage editing. "Learn by editing" is a slogan for this approach. Learning groups would use wiki as a tool for constructing a record of their learning paths and these records would be built upon by future editors. "Maybe an example course would be good" <-- I agree. Featured should be developed. "developers know what to create so courses are in a standardized format" <-- I think we will eventually learn what formats work and become popular. For now there is still room for experimenting, so do not be afraid to do what you think is best. Learning to learn a wiki way. --JWSchmidt 02:22, 24 October 2007 (UTC)

Poopy ?!
Hi! You just crossed my potential vandal radar after deleting (and then replacing) a lot of material on a key page, and inserting some rather weird words on other pages. Just letting you know that you were "investigated" and then found "probably innocent" :-))) Here's something for you to think about as part of your project if you're not familiar with all of WV's extra options yet - all in good humour, hopefully. --McCormack 08:40, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

{Pumpmeup's recent edits are... - tests of vigilance of current custodians. - tests for future custodians. + something weird from outer space.
 * type=""}
 * Good guess, but why would anyone doubt them?
 * No - doesn't explain the deletions and subsequent replacements.
 * This is the simplest solution which fits with the facts.

Invitation to university level course on Wikis and Wikipedia
Hello,

I have noticed that you have developed nice course material related to Wikipedia. Would you like to contribute to the Wikipedia university level course as well? You may for example add your name to the list of interested course developers, and fact-check the quizzes. Kind regards. Mange01 11:10, 24 November 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Pumpmeup


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Template:Bloom clock plant middle

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User talk:Lzincume

Zincume - a Zulu surname. No meaning in Zulu but has meaning in Xhosa. It means "they smile" used in context. Clan names are Mhlongo, Njomane, Mgabhi wase Langeni, owaduk' imynakanyaka, wena owadiyis' umfazi ngisicubu senyama. (L. Zincume, 2007)

Welcome
Hello Lzincume, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; for it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may
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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold, and see you around Wikiversity! Erkan Yilmaz ( my talk page, wiki blog ) 15:12, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Lzincume


text:
Southeast Asian Languages/Bahasa Malaysia/Lesson:Introducing Yourself

My name is Khairy ⇒ Nama saya Khairy.

 * Name ⇒ nama
 * I ⇒ saya

Note that in Malay, we don't use "is".

I am 31 years old ⇒ Saya 31 tahun


text:
Wikiversity:WikiNode

A WikiNode is a Standard Page that tells you about the particular wiki you found the WikiNode on. A network of linked WikiNodes allows wikizens to form connections with like-minded people.

This page is a WikiNode, a page that tells you how this wiki relates to other wikis. See the WikiNodesProject for more information.

= Welcome to the English language Wikiversity =

The English language Wikiversity is part of the multilingual Wikiversity project. Wikiversity is an education-oriented project of the Wikimedia Foundation. The purpose of Wikiversity is to explore the use of wiki technology to support education. Wikiversity develops and hosts learning resources and exists as an online community where learners can work towards their learning goals. Anyone can participate.

Starting points

 * The Main page of this wiki.
 * Browse the content of this wiki.
 * Guided tour - Guided tour of this wiki.
 * Colloquium - questions about and discussion of Wikiversity.
 * Frequently asked questions about Wikiversity

Wiki-nodes of our neighbors

 * Education wikia - the main wikia for education.
 * Portland Pattern Repository -- learning another programming language; wiki:WikiUniversity.

Potential neighbors?

 * Wikigogy
 * Schoolforge-UK
 * One Laptop per Child - $100 laptops for children; Wikipedia article
 * Wikibooks - free textbooks
 * Wikipedia - free encylopedia
 * CouchSurfing University - social networking wiki that is trying to make use of Wikiversity resources.

title: Wikiversity:WikiNode


text:
Wikiversity talk:WikiNode

Interwiki links
Many sites that run MediaWiki accommodate easy Interwiki linking to Wikimedia projects. For example to link to Wikipedia simply use Some artcle. To link to Wikiversity pages, the sure-fire way is to use wikipedia:v: Any page. CQ 18:35, 29 January 2007 (UTC)

The external link to the project is broken. Mbrad 19:12, 25 December 2009 (UTC)

title: Wikiversity talk:WikiNode


text:
BCP/Salvia nemorosa

Salvia nemorosa

title: BCP/Salvia nemorosa


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BCP/Salvia nemorosa/Logs

2007 Logs

 * SB Johnny-NHAMP 23:42, 8 October 2007 (UTC)
 * SBJ 09:15, 16 October 2007 (UTC)
 * --SB_Johnny | talk 09:57, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

2008 Logs

 * --SB_Johnny | talk 10:52, 27 May 2008 (UTC)
 * --SB_Johnny | talk 11:20, 4 June 2008 (UTC)
 * Ngravagna 16:58, 1 June 2008 (UTC)
 * Ngravagna 16:59, 7 June 2008 (UTC)

Recent Logs

 * Ngravagna 20:01, 15 June 2008 (UTC)
 * Ngravagna 17:19, 21 June 2008 (UTC)
 * --SB_Johnny | talk 09:15, 22 June 2008 (UTC)
 * --SB_Johnny | talk 09:13, 2 July 2008 (UTC)
 * SB Johnny-LM 10:28, 14 July 2008 (UTC)
 * SB Johnny-LM 09:01, 16 August 2008 (UTC)
 * SBJ 08:56, 5 September 2008 (UTC)

title: BCP/Salvia nemorosa/Logs


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January

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February

This template makes a link to the February key for Southeastern Pennsylvania, and adds plant pages to Category:BCP/SEPA/2 and Category:BCP/Flora of Pennsylvania, and Category:BCP/Late winter (it automatically adds ), for plants that have been recorded as flowering in February in Southeastern Pennsylvania.

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Template:Bcpm/sepa/3

March

This template makes a link to the March key for Southeastern Pennsylvania, and adds plant pages to Category:BCP/SEPA/3 and Category:BCP/Flora of Pennsylvania, and Category:BCP/Early spring (it automatically adds ), for plants that have been recorded as flowering in March in Southeastern Pennsylvania.

This template should only be used in the "Southeastern Pennsylvania = " field of Bloom clock plant middle

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Template:Bcpm/sepa/4

April

This template makes a link to the April key for Southeastern Pennsylvania, and adds plant pages to Category:BCP/SEPA/4 and Category:BCP/Flora of Pennsylvania and Category:BCP/Mid spring (it automatically adds ), for plants that have been recorded as flowering in April in Southeastern Pennsylvania.

This template should only be used in the "Southeastern Pennsylvania = " field of Bloom clock plant middle

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Template:Bcpm/sepa/5

May

This template makes a link to the May key for Southeastern Pennsylvania, and adds plant pages to Category:BCP/SEPA/5 and Category:BCP/Flora of Pennsylvania and Category:BCP/Late spring (it automatically adds ), for plants that have been recorded as flowering in May in Southeastern Pennsylvania.

This template should only be used in the "Southeastern Pennsylvania = " field of Bloom clock plant middle

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Template:Bcpm/sepa/6

June

This template makes a link to the June key for Southeastern Pennsylvania, and adds plant pages to Category:BCP/SEPA/6 and Category:BCP/Flora of Pennsylvania and Category:BCP/Early summer (it automatically adds ), for plants that have been recorded as flowering in June in Southeastern Pennsylvania.

This template should only be used in the "Southeastern Pennsylvania = " field of Bloom clock plant middle

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Template:Bcpm/sepa/7

July

This template makes a link to the July key for Southeastern Pennsylvania, and adds plant pages to Category:BCP/SEPA/7 and Category:BCP/Flora of Pennsylvania and Category:BCP/Mid summer (it automatically adds ), for plants that have been recorded as flowering in July in Southeastern Pennsylvania.

This template should only be used in the "Southeastern Pennsylvania = " field of Bloom clock plant middle

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Template:Bcpm/sepa/8

August

This template makes a link to the August key for Southeastern Pennsylvania, and adds plant pages to Category:BCP/SEPA/8 and Category:BCP/Flora of Pennsylvania and Category:BCP/Late summer (it automatically adds ), for plants that have been recorded as flowering in August in Southeastern Pennsylvania.

This template should only be used in the "Southeastern Pennsylvania = " field of Bloom clock plant middle

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Template:Bcpm/sepa/11

November

This template makes a link to the November key for Southeastern Pennsylvania, and adds plant pages to Category:BCP/SEPA/11 and Category:BCP/Flora of Pennsylvania and Category:BCP/Late fall (it automatically adds  ), for plants that have been recorded as flowering in November in Southeastern Pennsylvania.

This template should only be used in the "Southeastern Pennsylvania = " field of Bloom clock plant middle

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Template:Bcpm/sepa/12

December

This template makes a link to the December key for Southeastern Pennsylvania, and adds plant pages to Category:BCP/SEPA/12 and Category:BCP/Flora of Pennsylvania and Category:BCP/Early winter (it automatically adds  ), for plants that have been recorded as flowering in December in Southeastern Pennsylvania.

This template should only be used in the "Southeastern Pennsylvania = " field of Bloom clock plant middle

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User talk:Zina~enwikiversity

Welcome
Hello Zina, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; for it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may
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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold, and see you around Wikiversity! --JWS 13:44, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Zina. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Zina~enwikiversity that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:48, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 06:25, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Zina~enwikiversity


text:
User talk:Dkelly77

Welcome
Hello Dkelly77, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; for it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may
 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit;
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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold, and see you around Wikiversity! Erkan Yilmaz ( my talk page, wiki blog ) 15:10, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

Image:Edmonia Lewis Bio.pdf
Please provide a license template and source for this image. Thanks. – Mike.lifeguard | @en.wb 23:00, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

Harriet Ann Jacobs
Thanks for contributing. Do you think this content is part of an educational project - or would it be better suited to integrating with the wikipedia article: Harriet Ann Jacobs? -- Jtneill - Talk - c 00:28, 29 November 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dkelly77


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Talk:Introduction to Category Theory/Sets and Functions

You should definitely take a look at Lawvere's Sets for Mathematics for a fantastic presentation of the category of Sets from a categorical perspective. -- Marc
 * I've seen Lawvere's book but can't recommend it to beginners. It's a non-standard approach and imho foundational issues don't belong to an intro course. It's a good first book for 'logic-branch' of category theory. Tlep 10:00, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

Can anyone check if the n^2 - 4 set is what it claims to be?

Wouldn't it make sense to state and prove that an injective function has a left inverse, for symmetry with the discussion of surjective functions? And shouldn't one discuss what an inverse is before bringing up that either of these have inverses?

Sorry for the stupid questions but shouldn't idX in the first part of proof of Proposition related to Injection be idY? --Oct09 I noticed it as well and fixed it. -- Oct10

Inverse
I have doubts about the paragraph that starts with "Injective functions with non-empty domain have left-inverse".

If we have injection $$f: X \to Y$$, then the inverse $$g$$ is not (generally) defined on all of $$Y$$, but only on the range of $$f$$.

Olivierd (discuss • contribs) 08:50, 29 November 2017 (UTC)

Partial Functions
In the introduction to functions it is stated that for every element x in X there is a y for which y = f(x). In effect this forbids partial functions. This condition is then forgotten in the proof that injections imply left-inverses. The left-inverse may be partial and hence fail this definition of function.


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User talk:Ramzi.hosni

Welcome
Hello Ramzi.hosni, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; for it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may
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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold, and see you around Wikiversity! Erkan Yilmaz ( my talk page, wiki blog ) 15:43, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

South Mediterranean University

SMU’s founder’s vision was to establish a university in his country that mimics an American style education system for the benefit of students from the African and South-Mediterranean region.

 * 1) HISTORY

Dr. Mahmoud Triki, SMU’s founder is a visionary. He spent thirteen years in the United States working closely with first class public and private universities both in his capacity as a student and as coordinator for the technology transfer program between North America and Tunisia. His vision was to establish a university in his country that mimics an American style education system for the benefit of students from the African and South-Mediterranean region.

In 1986, Dr. Triki prepared the first project document for the establishment of the African Institute of Management (AIM). Unfortunately, the absence of a legal framework for creating and operating private universities in Tunisia did not see this initiative to come to light.

In 2000 when the Tunisian government began to encourage the development of the private education sector, Dr. Triki, saw this as an opportunity to realize his vision. He decided to proceed with the launch of a regional center for higher education― The South Mediterranean University (SMU).

 * 1) MEDITECH

SMU is looking towards expanding its activities with the objective of launching new programs in engineering and sciences and information technology. To this end, the next undertaking of SMU is the establishment of the Mediterranean Institute of Technology (MEDITECH) which will promote scientific inquiry and research excellence in higher education in the scientific fields. First steps towards establishing a world-class scientific center in the region will be the launch of our engineering school.

MEDITECH will be launched in 2010. It will offer programs in three areas of specialization: Computer Systems Engineering, Robotics, and Information Technologies. In line with SMU’s overall strategy of academic excellence and reliance on partnerships with outstanding institutions, MEDITECH has signed a MoU with the University of Waterloo in Canada for the development of a partnership in the area of computer systems engineering. Other formal partnerships are under consideration for the development of the Robotics and Information Technologies programs.

Initially, MEDITECH will instate an undergraduate engineering program. The projected capacity of the engineering school will be 300 undergraduate students and 100 graduate students.

 * 1) LANGUAGE CENTER

Responding to the needs of its students and stakeholders, SMU has recently established a Language Center which offers language training in English, French and Arabic. Two state-of-the art language training laboratories have been created with high tech computers, software and facilities that allow for an interactive learning environment.

Today the Language Center offers English training to its students to better prepare them for SMU’s academic programs; French and English training for international students from non-French and non-English speaking countries, such as Libya; and Arabic courses for individuals from non-Arabic countries such as the United States.

SMU aspires to add other languages to its program. The current Language Center is a nucleus leading to the future creation of a language institute within SMU that will offer both beginning and advanced training in different languages.

To meet its objectives of excellence, it is imperative for SMU to create a vibrant learning environment that both reflects and sustains its mission and meets the highest international standards. Rigorous academic planning and extensive consultations with stakeholders and industry partners has SMU building a new campus in Les Berges Du Lac, Tunis’ highly accessible new downtown area which will house MEDITECH. This new building is four times larger than SMU’s current facility and is expected to be fully operational by January 2010.
 * 1) NEW DOWNTOWN CAMPUS

The new downtown building will integrate the most up-to-date Information and Communication Technologies for the organization of its programs including top-notch facilities in its computer and science laboratories, audio visual and distance learning equipment and video conferencing. Furthermore, for efficient management of the facility, the building will have top-of-the-line amenities such as access control, security and surveillance equipment and electronic bulletin boards. We envision our downtown campus to be a showcase for the limitless possibilities offered by ICT in teaching, communication, management and infrastructure.

title: User talk:Ramzi.hosni


text:
User talk:Seasneed

Welcome
Hello Seasneed, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; for it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may
 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit;
 * Explore our learning projects;
 * Browse our portals, schools, and research activities;
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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold, and see you around Wikiversity! Erkan Yilmaz ( my talk page, wiki blog ) 16:33, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Seasneed


text:
Introduction to Category Theory/Products and Coproducts of Sets

One of the most simple constructions in category theory is product. In this lesson we first define the product and coproduct of sets, with their natural functions projection and coproduct injection. Then we define subsets, set operations union and intersection, and partially ordered sets. We will also give two examples of product and coproduct that are quite different from the same constructions in sets.

Product of Sets
The cartesian product of two sets X (for example the points on an x-axis) and Y (for example the points on a y-axis), denoted X × Y, is the set of all possible ordered pairs whose first component is a member of X and whose second component is a member of Y (e.g. the whole of the x-y plane):

 * $$X\times Y = \{(x,y) \mid x\in X\;\mathrm{and}\;y\in Y\}. $$

For example, the product of the thirteen-element set of standard playing card ranks {Ace, King, Queen, Jack, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2} and the four-element set of card suits {♠, ♥, ♦, ♣} is the 52-element set of playing cards {(Ace, ♠), (King, ♠), ..., (2, ♠), (Ace, ♥), ..., (3, ♣), (2, ♣)}. The product has 52 elements because that is the product of 13 times 4.

Projections
There are two natural functions associated with the product set $$A \times B$$ called projection maps. Projection map $$\pi_1$$ maps element $$(a,b)$$ to its first coordinate a. Likewise projection map $$\pi_2$$ maps element $$(a,b)$$ to its second coordinate b. If sets A and B are both nonempty, projection maps are surjective as the reader can easily verify.

You can see examples of product sets and projections at this interactive demonstration. Click the button labelled "generate a product and demonstrate its universality", and read down to the end of the text that introduces functions π1 and π2.

Coproduct of Sets
The coproduct of two sets A and B, denoted $$A \oplus B$$ or $$A + B\ $$ or $$A \coprod B$$, is their disjoint union. Its elements are pairs (1,a) for every element a in A and pairs (2,b) for every element b in B:
 * $$A \oplus B = \{(1,a)\ |\ a \in A\} \cup \{(2,b)\ |\ b \in B\}$$.

If the set A has m elements and the set B has n elements, then their coproduct has m+n elements.

For example, the coproduct of {dog, cat, mouse} and {dog, wolf, bear} is the set {(1,dog), (1,cat), (1,mouse), (2,dog), (2,wolf), (2,bear)}.

Injections
There are two natural functions associated with the coproduct $$A \coprod B$$ called coproduct injections. Injection $$\iota_1\ $$ maps elements a from the set A to elements (1, a) in the coproduct set. Likewise injection $$\iota_2\ $$ maps elements b from the set B to elements (2, b) in the coproduct set. Coproduct injections are clearly injective.

You can see examples of coproduct sets and injections at this interactive demonstration. Click the button labelled "generate a coproduct and demonstrate its universality", and read down to the end of the text that introduces functions ι1 and ι2.

Subsets
If every member of set A is also a member of set B, then A is said to be a subset of B, written $$A \subseteq B$$ (also pronounced A is contained in B). Equivalently, we can write $$B \supseteq A$$, read as B is a superset of A, B includes A, or B contains A. The relationship between sets established by $$\subseteq$$ is called inclusion or containment.

If A is a subset of, but not equal to, B, then A is called a proper subset of B, written $$A \subsetneq B$$ (A is a proper subset of B) or $$B \supsetneq A$$ (B is proper superset of A).

Note that the expressions $$A\subset B$$ and $$A\supset B$$ are used differently by different authors; some authors use them to mean the same as $$A\subseteq B$$ (respectively $$A\supseteq B$$), whereas other use them to mean the same as $$A\subsetneq B$$ (respectively $$A\supsetneq B$$).

A is a subset of B

Example:
 * The set of all men is a proper subset of the set of all people.
 * $$\{1,3\} \subsetneq \{1,2,3,4\}$$
 * $$\{1, 2, 3, 4\} \subseteq \{1,2,3,4\}$$

The empty set is a subset of every set and every set is a subset of itself:
 * $$\emptyset \subseteq A$$
 * $$A \subseteq A$$

Union
The union of two sets A and B, written A ∪ B, is the set that contains all the members of A and all the members of B (and nothing else). That is,

 * $$A \cup B = \{x: x \in A\ \mathrm{or}\ x \in B\}\,\!$$

As an example,

 * $$\{1,\ 2,\ 3\}\ \cup\ \{2,\ 3,\ 4\} = \{1,\ 2,\ 3,\ 4\}\,\!$$

Intersection
The intersection of two sets A and B, written A ∩ B, is the set that contains everything that is a member of both A and B (and nothing else). That is,

 * $$A \cap B = \{x: x \in a\ \mathrm{and}\ x \in b\}\,\!$$

As an example,

 * $$\{1,\ 2,\ 3\}\ \cap\ \{2,\ 3,\ 4\} = \{2,\ 3\}\,\!$$

Power set
A power set of a set is the set of all its subsets. A script 'P' is used for the power set. Note that the empty set and the set itself are members of the power set.

 * $$\mathcal{P}\{1,\ 2,\ 3\} = \{\varnothing,\ \{1\},\ \{2\},\ \{3\},\ \{1,\ 2\},\ \{1,\ 3\},\ \{2,\ 3\},\ \{1,\ 2,\ 3\}\}\,\!$$

Set operations are functions from the product of a powerset to a powerset.
 * $$\operatorname{Union}: \mathcal{P}(X)\times\mathcal{P}(X) \to \mathcal{P}(X), \operatorname{Union}(A,B) = A\cup B$$

Partially ordered sets
A partial order is a binary relation "≤" over a set P which is reflexive, antisymmetric, and transitive, i.e., for all a, b, and c in P, we have that:

 * a ≤ a (reflexivity);
 * if a ≤ b and b ≤ a then a = b (antisymmetry);
 * if a ≤ b and b ≤ c then a ≤ c (transitivity).

A set with a partial order is called a partially ordered set or poset. We will later see that poset is an example of category, where arrows are not functions.

A set is totally ordered if it's partially ordered and for all a and b
 * either a ≤ b or b ≤ a.

The integers or the real numbers ordered by the standard less-than-or-equal relation ≤, are totally ordered sets.

Power set poset
Power set of a set ordered by inclusion is a partially ordered set (see the figures on the right), but it is not totally ordered if the base set has more than one element. For example neither of the subsets {x,y} and {y,z} contain the other. We will later show that the intersection of two sets is their categorical product in powerset poset, and the union of two sets is their categorical coproduct in powerset poset.

Divisibility poset
For example, 7 is a divisor of 42 because 42/7 = 6. We also say 42 is divisible by 7 or 42 is a multiple of 7 or 7 divides 42 or 7 is a factor of 42 and we usually write 7 | 42. For example, the positive divisors of 42 are 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 14, 21, 42.

In general, we say m|n (read: m divides n) for positive integers m and n if and only if there exists an integer k such that n = km.

Some elementary properties: Divisibility relation defines partial ordering on positive integers.
 * a | a (reflexive)
 * If a | b and b | a, then a = b. (antisymmetric)
 * If a | b and b | c, then a | c. (transitive)

The greatest common divisor of a and b is written as gcd(a, b), or sometimes simply as (a, b). For example, gcd(12, 18) = 6, gcd(−4, 14) = 2 and gcd(5, 0) = 5. Two numbers are called coprime or relatively prime if their greatest common divisor equals 1. For example, 9 and 28 are relatively prime.

The least common multiple (lcm) of two integers a and b is the smallest positive integer that is a multiple of both a and b.

Later we'll show that categorical product of two positive integers in divisibility poset is their least common multiple. In particular categorical product of two prime numbers is their normal product. We'll also show that coproduct of two integers in divisibility poset is their greatest common divisor.

Summary
We've given 3 examples of category theoretical products (without proofs) in this lesson If you compare the diagrams of all three, can you see what they have in common? They all have 3 objects and 2 arrows pointing away from the middle one. Of course not every pair of outward-pointing arrows defines a product, there's something more to it. The intersection of sets A and B is the largest set that is contained in both. The least common multiple of a and b is the smallest integer divisible by both. Is the product of two sets also smallest or largest with respect to some property? Yes, and if you hang on with us through the next few lessons, you'll see how that property is defined in terms of nothing but arrows.
 * product of sets
 * product of elements of powerset (with poset structure)
 * product of integers (with divisibility structure)

We've given 3 examples of coproducts in this lesson If you compare the diagrams, you see that they all have 3 objects and 2 arrows pointing towards the middle object. The difference from the product is that all arrows are reversed. This is called the duality principle. For every construction in category theory, there's an opposite construction with arrows reversed.
 * coproduct of sets
 * coproduct of elements of powerset (with poset structure)
 * coproduct of integers (with divisibility structure)

Related Resources

 * Cartesian product
 * Projection (mathematics)
 * Coproduct
 * Set
 * Subset
 * Union (set theory)
 * Intersection (set theory)
 * Power set
 * Partially ordered set
 * Order theory
 * Jocelyn Paine's interactive demonstrations about products and coproducts of finite sets


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Talk:Orthodoxy Christianity Stream

Final separation?
For "Each of these churches is independent in administration, but, with the exception of the Church of Rome, which finally separated from the others in the year 1054, all are united in faith, doctrine, Apostolic tradition, sacraments, liturgies, and services. Together they constitute and call themselves the Orthodox Church.", the undersigned has deleted one (1) word: "finally", it remaining to be seen whether the separation is final. -- Dionysios  (talk), Date: 2007-10-23 (October 23, 2007) Time:  2045 UTC

title: Talk:Orthodoxy Christianity Stream


text:
User talk:Marig1001

Welcome
Hello Marig1001, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; for it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may
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 * Browse our portals, schools, and research activities;
 * Read and help develop our community policies；or
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold, and see you around Wikiversity! Erkan Yilmaz ( my talk page, wiki blog ) 21:17, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Marig1001


text:
User:Eliz81

Hi, I'm Eliz81.

es:Usuario:Eliz81 fr:Utilisateur:Eliz81 it:Utente:Eliz81

title: User:Eliz81


text:
User talk:Eliz81

Welcome
Hello Eliz81, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; for it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may
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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold, and see you around Wikiversity! --Remi 00:03, 24 October 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Eliz81


text:
Wikiversity:Colloquium/archives/October 2007

Pomology textbook
Hi people, I would like to invite all of you interested in writing textbook about fruits to a project on Wikibooks called Wikibooks:WikiProject:Pomology and its text book called Pomology. The aim of the project is to create a pomology textbook for undergraduate and graduate students of Wikiversity an other people interested. It will not be an easy work, but I think that with a help of more people, we will be able to released it one day. All people comeing to help - even with a small edit - are invited!!! You can support us also by a specific picture or drawing, which we will also need. So see you on Wikibooks. --Juan 20:52, 1 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Juan, why not start a local learning project related to pomology with discussion space, exercises or activities, or whatever attracts participants and encourage them to contribute to and use the textbook at Wikibooks?

Its already in here my friend (see Topic:Pomology), but there are no participants. Anyway right now, I am studying teaching methodologies, so I think I will just refresh Spanish course here on Wikiversity only.--Juan 16:35, 2 October 2007 (UTC)

Another good resource
Rayc's post in the section above me made me realize I had a really good resource sitting in my bookmarks which I had forgotten about! I don't know if it will be of any use to anyone, but the University of Michigan Initiative on Disability Studies (UMInDS) has all of its courses archived here, including recordings of lectures. Just wanted to share. --Luai lashire 01:43, 4 October 2007 (UTC)
 * See also Hunter-gatherers project. --JWSchmidt 01:57, 4 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Oooh, shiny project. :)  Thanks, JW.  --Luai lashire 21:59, 4 October 2007 (UTC)

UC Berkeley posts full lectures to YouTube
Now, to go along with the open courseware notes we have some full lectures to go with it. Anyway we can start using these, either as off site links, or as onsite material (presuming some sort of GNU video license?)--Rayc 22:26, 3 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Where is the magic decoder ring? Here is a great title: "AST 210/EE 213 - Lecture 27". --JWSchmidt 23:01, 3 October 2007 (UTC)
 * C'mon, isn't it obvious? They are freeing the content, you have to take a paid tutorial to navigate the course structure and know what to take. Historybuff 21:39, 5 October 2007 (UTC)

The Solar System study module
Hi everybody! I would like to invite all the people interested in astronomy, primary school education and audiovisual education to the work on The Solar System study module for young learners.--Juan 16:48, 7 October 2007 (UTC)

Update for the Bloom Clock
The Bloom Clock has now been ticking for over a year (it started last August), and has evolved over time to make use of a large number of (sometimes complicated) templates, categories, and the DynamicPageList feature. The clock is now running down for the northern temperate regions, but there's still flowers blooming closer to the equator, and of course it's springtime in the Southern Hemisphere.

The major development of the clock during the past 6 months or so has been the setting up and creation of the dichotomous keys. The keys are for a particular region, and vary in complexity from "plants blooming in this month in this region" to far more complex keys like "herbaceous plants with simple, alternate leaves blooming in this month in this region". As more plants are added and described, more complex keys can be created (the general goal is to break up any key that has more than 20 plants on it).

To keep things going, I'd like to encourage anyone living in a climate where things will be blooming over the next several months to give it a try (the far north will stop seeing blooms within the next month or so). I've made a "standing offer" to organize and create the first DPL key for any user who logs at least 10 plants during a given month in a given region.

Also, for those of you who are students or otherwise involved with a "brick-and-mortar" school or university, please get in touch with the horticulture, agriculture, or ecology departments, and show them Bloom Clock/Class Projects. Horticulture programs in particular often assign bloom logs to students in taxonomy classes, and it would be wonderful if their students could participate here instead. --SB_Johnny | talk 12:28, 10 October 2007 (UTC)

If anyone wants to see what a dichotomous key looks like, here's an example: Bloom Clock/Keys/Southeastern Pennsylvania/October. --SB_Johnny | talk 14:15, 11 October 2007 (UTC)

Wikimedian Demographics
I've been fiddling with this idea for about a year now, and started a "stub project" yesterday for creating surveys and polls to learn about "We, the Wikimedians" (I had thought of naming the project that, but it seemed perhaps "too American").

It needs a lot of work, but the theory is this: participants add a specifically titled page to their user space, then just add templates with questions to answer. The answers add categories to that page, and we can then use DynamicPageList to get correlative results (for example, using the basic survey and the GFDL vs. CC survey, we could see whether the contributors to different projects tend to have different feelings about the licenses). Have a look-see at User:SB_Johnny/Survey_responses to see what it looks like so far.

The to-do list includes:
 * 1) Discussion pages for the issues we poll about. This could be done on the topic's talk page, linked into WV blogs, etc.
 * 2) Getting some graphics involved. For example, maybe the template could add userboxes as well as categories (using the same example: a box for "primarily wikiversitan" and a box for "prefers GFDL")
 * 3) Seeing if the quiz extension can be modified to do this, and so get rid of the need for templates.
 * 4) Coming up with some sort of guideline and/or vetting process to come up with a monthly list of "official" surveys (of course there can be lots of unofficial surveys... do you drink coffee or tea?)
 * 5) Informing our sister projects (I'll leave a message for the 'bookians today).
 * 6) Recruiting a talkpage message bot if people want reminders of new surveys.

Probably many more things to think about, but that's a start. --SB_Johnny | talk 12:24, 12 October 2007 (UTC)

how do you start a research project?
--Tober 21:10, 12 October 2007 (UTC) Hi

I'm new to wikiversity, and would love some help. I would like to open a research project on how to convert food and organic waste into decent ethanol cheaply, and on a basis that would be viable on a local or community basis. But I don't know how to do this, as I am a paper-pusher by profession and know less about science than the wiki world.

Also, I would love to see a project into El Nino/La Nina started, as we had the wettest winter and summer on record in Ireland, as was predicted based on El Nino 2006.

Wiki is the way of the future....

Tober

 * Feel free to start new pages for new projects. If you start a page for a research project, think about listing it at the Research Portal and other relevant portals. In the case of the ethanol project, you might want to make links to your new page from some other pages such as Renewable energy systems and Sustainability. Once you have a start on your new page, think about linking to it from other webpages such as related Wikipedia pages (by using w:Template:Wikiversity). --JWSchmidt 23:06, 12 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Sorry for the redundancy. JWSchmidt covered some but not all of what I was adding.  A way to get started on ethanol is to setup a learning projectLearning_projects or portal.   Add some interesting/enticing information.  Then link to your portal from various related pages such as schools and topics.   Be sure to add a link at the learning projects index. Portal:Learning_Projects  You might have to create some of the topic pages (as stubs if you know little about the topic) such as pyrolysis, etc.  Sorry, pyrolysis is biodiesal from waste.  Then making periodic entries or changes might attact some interest from people scanning the recent changesSpecial:Recentchanges page.   As an example of how the interlinking might work you might consider starting a stub at Lunar Boom Town for ethanol for drinking alcohol, energy storage, industrial solvent, or motor feul.  Include links to other lunar businesses you will depend upon for raw materials (farms, glass molder, etc), link to your new research project and hope the stub attracts some attention from other interested parties.   A key to attracting attention in the Wikimedia software environment is making regular additions or changes to your project so that it comes up periodically in the recent changes page.   Another key is to leave some encouraging messages on the talk page of anyone who makes some changes or contributions (contributing users available from history tab on the page in question).  Good luck!  Mirwin 23:15, 12 October 2007 (UTC)

Banners and buttons
Please look there and use them! --Michael Reschke 21:26, 19 October 2007 (UTC)

Images with no license information
Setting whatever discussion is ongoing on the local policy, is there support for adding to untagged images? It will be useful to have them categorized regardless of the outcome of the policy discussion. I can do it for you over the next while if there is support to do so. Alternatively, I could just categorize them, without using the template. Then, depending on the outcome of the policy discussion I could do a 2nd run to replace the category with the template. Either one is doable, provided there is support. – Mike.lifeguard | talk 12:05, 18 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Wikiversity certainly needs an organized way to try to get license/copyright information for uploaded files. So far we have just deleted files that are obvious copyright violations. We need a version of Template:Nld that his links to Wikiversity learning resources about how to license uploaded files. I would be happy to draft such a version that does not have links to Wikibooks. I think we should develop pages such as Uploading files for this purpose. We need to craft a Wikiversity deletion policy for files (see discussion at Wikiversity talk:Deletion policy). I don't think we should adopt the Wikipedia system for dealing with uploaded files. Many of the older media files at Wikiversity were clearly created by the people who uploaded them for use at Wikiversity and use of Template:GFDL-presumed is an option for such files. In addition to the need for looking through existing files and asking their creators to add license/copyright information, the related problem is that our upload process allows Wikiversity participants to continue to upload files without license/copyright information. I think we should change that so as to teach Wikiversity participants about licensing before they do file uploads, then when they upload files we could require that they provide license/copyright information. This would short-circuit the silly game of letting people upload files just so that they can later be deleted because they lack license/copyright information. I think we can craft a solution that is suited for Wikiversity by adopting a good faith assumption about Wikiversity participants: that they can learn how to correctly license their own media files. --JWS 13:38, 18 October 2007 (UTC)

 * We do need a way to automatically convert data from older templates (or bad templates) to the current format of the day. Same for images uploaded before there were any templates.  There usually is enough info to update the info without trying to track down authors currently on vacation. (When I see the word "me" on a picture uploaded by Sebmol, I am intelligent enough to figure out the entire license/copyright info.  It ain't rocket science!)

 * Also, it is important to come up with templates which have more meaningful info such as which lessons the illustration is designed for. Similarly, the category is not handled well.

 * And above all, there should be an automatic date stamp. Having to type today's date a thousand times is stone-age technology.  My attempts to automate this have been unsuccessful. Robert Elliott 15:13, 18 October 2007 (UTC)

None of this addresses my question, but instead sidesteps the first sentence. I don't care what template is used. I don't care whether it's simply categorizing them for later reference. I don't care whether you want to require people to learn about licensing etc. before uploading. All of that is not what I asked about. Do you want untagged/unlicensed images tagged with (or some other template) and/or categorized? – Mike.lifeguard | talk 18:17, 18 October 2007 (UTC)

 * (edit conflict with Erkan, below) Mike, if you want to add a category and/or template, just be bold and add it. Please also remember to be civil as well... Wikiversity has a strong tradition of being collegial, and we'd really like to keep it that way. --SB_Johnny | talk 18:46, 18 October 2007 (UTC)

 * "I don't care....I don't care...I don't care" <-- I think this is a good summary of what is wrong with the "Wikipedia approach" to deleting uploaded files and why Wikiversity should do things differently. At Wikiversity we can educate participants about licensing files and we only really need to "get excited" about files that are copyright violations. We can take our time dealing with files lacking licenses and deal with them and their uploaders in a reasoned fashion. --JWSchmidt 19:15, 18 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Well, nld I do not like - why do we "punish" users when the wiki system allows to upload files without licence? The advantage of categorizing or some other template would be, that the user who uploaded the file perhaps looks at it again (when it is in the watch list) and adds a licence. So categorizing would be ok - if I should select between the above options. Perhaps we can use the untagged tab somehow ?
 * The German Wikiversity also faces the same problems with pictures without licence info. And probably any Wiki does :-( In that case a learning resource about how to license uploaded files is appreciated. Well, then we "just" need the new users to read/view it and proceed as we recommend :-)
 * The prob really is that we are using our time to treat this problem afterwards. I think we can use our time for other things better. Otherwise in the end it just leads to frustration and people do not look at picture issues anymore. Why can't the upload mechanism be constructed so, that without licence - at least for new files - it is not possible to upload ?
 * BTW: Robert do you have some examples for your templates ? If a user uploads a pic and tells "me" or something else, that is no proof of something. I believe the user when I see the user in reality. Erkan Yilmaz ( my talk page, wiki blog ) 18:31, 18 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Yeah, keeping it friendly (and even educational) is good, but the image licensing thing is really more of a legal matter, in that we can't allow Wiiversity to be used as a web host for stolen images. People generally don't think of it as stealing, but even if unintentional, it is a violation of someone else's rights. --SB_Johnny | talk 18:49, 18 October 2007 (UTC)
 * "we can't allow Wikiversity to be used as a web host for stolen images" <-- We do not want to host anything "stolen", be it text or a media file. We also need to avoid copyright paranoia, particularly when such paranoia leads to violations of a fundamental rule called Assume Good Faith. --JWSchmidt 19:07, 18 October 2007 (UTC)

erase more detailed descriptions
Reminder to Mike.lifeguard : The template below has not been approved. It is only a rough version of what we will eventually adopt. Therefore it is not a good idea to erase more detailed descriptions and just to replace it with this rough template. Robert Elliott 11:32, 20 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Is there an example of a file page where a file description was erased? --JWSchmidt 13:47, 20 October 2007 (UTC)

 * I assume you mean this? I don't think any information was lost, and it is a lot easier to read and edit now. The information template is actually used on all wikimedia projects, in part because it makes things easier to move to commons (as that image probably should be, since it's PD). --SB_Johnny | talk 15:10, 20 October 2007 (UTC)

 * If you're going to leave me a reminder, do so on my talk page please. – Mike.lifeguard | talk 17:13, 20 October 2007 (UTC)
 * btw, I did categorize (not using, since apparently it is evil) some of your untagged images; the rest follow in fits and spurts as I have time. Do with the categorized images what you will. – Mike.lifeguard | talk 17:16, 20 October 2007 (UTC)
 * With respect to the "evil Mr. Nld", I think we will be able to make use of similar template that is better suited to Wikiversity. In particular, I would like a template that 1) links to a page where people can learn about how to license their files (such as Uploading files, 2) makes clear that efforts must be made to contact the person who uploaded the file, 3) in cases where the files are not known to be a copyright violation, the files need to be listed at Requests for Deletion before they are deleted, 4) I think we can promote the use of common sense about "non-deletion options" such as Template:GFDL-presumed. When we figure out how best to deal with files lacking source/copyright/licensing information, it will be useful to have them categorized so that we can easily find them. --JWSchmidt 17:37, 20 October 2007 (UTC)
 * I'm sorry for coming off like such a jacka$$. I'm just trying to be helpful. – Mike.lifeguard | talk 20:12, 20 October 2007 (UTC)
 * We have been putting off dealing with this matter for over a year. Thanks to your efforts we are finally getting around to thinking about it now. We're just trying to find a solution that is good for Wikiversity. I think our only need for speed is when we are dealing with known copyright violations. --JWSchmidt 23:00, 20 October 2007 (UTC)

Book reading clubs
Hi all,

I used to be active a year ago and i come back!

What i propose is to start book reading clubs. Groups of people who read several books on a topic and discuss the contents. That is one of the basic activities of a university, at least at my university. Internet is lacking the resources for the moment, so most knowledge has to be attained from reading books, the old-fashioned way. Partly, this could be a recruiting activity, because members of book reading groups could help improve Wikipedia articles and atract people who edited on this articles to read books. One of the main goals would be to improve the quality of knowledge on the internet.

I am working fulltime at the moment, and it is a job with a lot of freetime. I need to keep order in a computerroom. Most of the time, i can do something for myself. So, i will have plenty of time for this. Hope i can interest others as well.--Daanschr 17:48, 25 October 2007 (UTC)
 * The Wikiversity project proposal included the idea that Wikiversity learning resources should include reading lists: "Each subject area (or 'course', 'project'), essentially, each community, creates a web of resources that would form the basis of discussions and activities within that field of Wikiversity". I've created several Wikiversity learning resources that have "assigned reading" (sometimes just one book; example) and page sections for discussion of the assigned reading. My interests tend to be rather esoteric, but I think it would be great to start "book reading clubs" for popular topics that might attract larger audiences. --JWSchmidt 19:13, 25 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Sounds like a good idea to me. Perhaps we could get started by establishing a Portal for book clubs and then in the initial discussion try to find a book/subject that several of us here already are interested in reading to establish the initial reading groups.  We might also use the Portal to identify wikibooks at Wikibooks or other online books of interest to several people for "proofing" or "editing" activities.  If we picked a topic of interest to several wikibook authors it might help us get started.  We could approach them at their colloquium and invite interested authors to come talk to us about proposed reading topics.  We could also ask these folksw:Wikipedia:Article_Rescue_Squadron to participate by proposing topics of use to them in improving articles.  Obviously any applicable Wikiproject could be approached on their talk page if a group or topic gets established to solicit participation.  If this experiment proceeds perhaps the topical discussion groups could be placed prominently on the front page here at Wikiversity to see if some foot traffic would attract attention.  Personally I am going to limit my participation to topics of use to me in helping Lunar Boom Town develop but that covers a very wide range .... in fact most human activity .... so that is not a huge limitation.  A set of extended discussions like this could be very valuable in that it should produce many internal as well as external links and might thus start to generate some google hits for Wikiversity.  We need some common activities and active local areas to generate and maintain an enjoyable atmosphere here at wikiversity.   I think people are currently getting bored and wandering off because the place is so immense (how can it not be covering as it does human knowledge and activities) and at times it feels very lonely and isolated when browsing the stacks.  Mirwin 05:38, 26 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Mirwin, i agree with you and like all your ideas. I have to do a lot of homework today (my graduation as master of arts in history is next week on friday). Afterwards, i will be highly available. I especially agree with you about creating a nice group atmosphere. What is needed for a place like Wikiversity, is that people can become friends and get committed to eachother. That is only possible with activities that make people enthusiastic and with regular meetings. Of course, the activity must be fun enough to keep people hanging around. Wikiversity is all volunteerwork, so we have to ensure that people can spend their leisure time pleasantly. (I got too much leisure time at the moment, need to find a job with more fullfilment:-)--Daanschr 08:11, 26 October 2007 (UTC)

 * We have been searching for good "General Community Learning Projects" that would lead to one or two initial stable learning communities. Portal:Reading clubs --JWSchmidt 03:40, 27 October 2007 (UTC)
 * A whole list already. That would be a good start to begin with. Being a history student, i was immediately attracted by the course on Hitler's Germany. I have the impression that this course broke down in january 2007 and isn't active anymore. I propose to shift the active from the inactive groups.
 * Not all topics on the list involves reading groups. Hitler's Germany is a course. A course is different from a reading club, so it would be better to seperate these two institutions. A course, like Hitler's Germany has a strict timeschedule, it involves papers and a teacher with students. A reading club can easily change from one subject to another, compared to a course. It doesn't need a teacher.
 * The main priority should be to commit people to a course, reading club and Wikiversity in general. Hitler's Germany was a failure, both as an empire and as a course ;-). I could invite all users on Wikiversity to join the reading clubs and think of topics they want to discuss about. When stable reading clubs are established, than they can recrute new members from Wikipedia and other places on the internet and common daily life.--Daanschr 07:54, 27 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Sorry, John. I should have read more carefully. The header says 'existing learning resources', so it isn't about active reading clubs.--Daanschr 08:01, 27 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Are there courses that are running well? I have the impression that several courses have not started or have quickly been abandoned.--Daanschr 08:10, 27 October 2007 (UTC)

 * The list of existing learning resources at Portal:Reading clubs provides some examples of Wikiversity learning resources that involve "assigned reading" and discussion. "Are there courses that are running well?" <-- The Wikiversity Main Page should make clear that Wikiversity is just getting started and learners need to participate and start forming learning communities. It is a serious error to have the current main page which leads people to expect to find content. I've been arguing for the past year that the main page needs to be changed. I think we should try to establish one active reading group and a system for helping other such group to become active. All such efforts are probably not really ever going to be a success until the main page is changed. The current Wikiversity main page was made by people from Wikipedia who knew nothing about this project. They made a main page that would be suitable for an established project like Wikipedia. There are some ideas for changes to the main page at Main Page/Draft version 0.2. --JWSchmidt 17:24, 27 October 2007 (UTC)
 * My graduation next week will take more work than expected. I thought it was all okay, but i am doubting about now. My topic has a strong tendency of creating controversial texts, so i probably will do little this week, but have plenty of time next weeks, though i will be searching for a new job.
 * I don't think there is much wrong with the main page at the moment. It is better to put more effort in networking and organizing people. At the moment, it seems that many projects are started, but hardly any of them are really running. I propose to invite all users of the english Wikiversity to join the reading clubs and to specificly ask what topics they would be interested to read and discuss about. Another round of invitations could be dealt with asking people to join reading groups in the most popular reading clubs. The moment these reading clubs get started, its participants need to promise to spend enough time in them, say react once a week for a couple of months untill a set date. It doesn't matter much, if people can get a book or read a book. Just the fact that an activity is working and is able to reach a deadline would be an achievement. If it becomes a succes, than new demands can be asked to enhance the quality. An actual school can start when teachers and experts are able to teach a class.--Daanschr 20:48, 28 October 2007 (UTC)

Just wanted to note that I think this is a great idea ... and in fact I was thinking about this very thing this morning in relation to starting a reading group around a particular book by Ivan Illich. Countrymike 23:39, 29 October 2007 (UTC)
 * "a particular book" <-- do you have a favorite in mind? --JWSchmidt 01:15, 30 October 2007 (UTC)
 * I do as a matter of fact; Deschooling Society Countrymike 02:33, 30 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Countrymike, i made a header for posting suggestions for topics for book reading clubs, see Topic:Reading clubs.--Daanschr 08:48, 30 October 2007 (UTC)
 * I will start making an invitation. What about:
 * Dear user of Wikiversity,
 * Do you like to join a reading club with the purpose of trying to create a structure of learning which could make Wikiversity to a succes? Participants of a reading club will discuss books on a certain topic untill a deadline has reached, after which another topic can be chosen. reading clubs will require a minimum of attendance, measured by a minimum amount of edits per week, though it could be allowed for participants who don't want to subdue to a minimum standard of participance. Leaving or joining a reading club will be free, though it depends on the requirements set by the reading club. For the moment, the main goal of the reading clubs will be to get Wikiversity running. To create a social network of people who can trust eachother in sticking around and who spend time together. These social networks could become the backbone for further developments on Wikiversity. Reading clubs can recruit people from outside Wikiversity in order to make Wikiversity grow.
 * At the moment there are no reading clubs established yet. We will try to catalogue some topics, in which people are interested to discuss about. A second invitation will be send once a couple of topics have been determined. You will be invited to join the reading clubs, dedicated to these topics.--Daanschr 15:31, 30 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Would this be sent by email to past Wikiversity editors who have drifted away? --JWS 16:06, 30 October 2007 (UTC)
 * My idea was to send this to every user of Wikiversity.--Daanschr 16:10, 30 October 2007 (UTC)
 * The amount of users is incredibly large, so i guess it would be best to contact all those who put a text on their user page first. Well, i got something to do at my work!--Daanschr 19:17, 30 October 2007 (UTC)
 * I will send only one message to all users who made the effort of creating their own user page. This message should be short and to the point.--Daanschr 09:06, 31 October 2007 (UTC)
 * The large amount of users indicates that many people are interested in Wikiversity initially. If Wikiversity offers something people can stay interested in, than it could grow very quickly. Not that growth should be a something worthwhile. My main goal is that Wikiversity can become something i like to spend my leisure time in in a pleasant way. A very modest goal. I like to read books and i like to discuss them, being busy with knowledge and learning.--Daanschr 12:14, 31 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Another attempt:
 * Dear user of Wikiversity,
 * Do you like to join a reading club, where you can read and discuss literature? Reading clubs could have active and inactive participants. Active participants could be required to edit on a regularly basis untill a deadline is reached and another topic can be chosen for reading and discussing. Hopefully, reading clubs can ensure a social network on Wikiversity of people cooperating with eachother and becoming friends, while discussing knowledge.--Daanschr 09:02, 1 November 2007 (UTC)
 * I like this invitation. It is short and to the point.--Daanschr 09:04, 1 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Sorry for the flooding. I will keep a low profile. Did discover though, that the users here come from around the world, predominantly from Pakistan and India. Allthough only in the A section.--Daanschr 18:21, 1 November 2007 (UTC)

Request for page protection
I've got an RPP on Template:Sisterprojects. It's an obvious one to have protected especially as the project gets more hits, and it's been tking heavy hits with vandalism (anons and newbies). Honestly I think [ edit:sysop - move:sysop] is appropriate as Wikimedia sister projects are not going to change quickly. It's an obvious target for nonconstructive edits --Pumpmeup 07:21, 26 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Hello Pumpmeup, thank you very much for your interest.
 * At Wikiversity we try to be different than in the "normal" world. We want people to take part here and therefore limit them as less as possible in their freedom. We trust people. Could be seen as a metaphor: we let our doors open while we go to sleep. Who would do this in real life ? Here one of our major strength/foundation is: Assume Good Faith.
 * (btw: as I see there were only few "test edits". And the last one was in April.)
 * What do others think on this issue ? Erkan Yilmaz ( talk ?, wiki blog ) 15:48, 26 October 2007 (UTC)

 * I don't see any harm in protecting it, to be honest. Unless a new project is started or a logo changes, there's really no need to alter it at all. --SB_Johnny | talk 22:38, 26 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Believe me, I'm all for trusting the newcomers and assuming good faith, and they have a whole mainspace to do it in where we can revert it easily without losing face on the main page. --Pumpmeup 01:13, 27 October 2007 (UTC)
 * As I see the majority of the discussion partners are for protecting, so just let's protect it then. My reasons for not protecting were (and I consider the page also as important):
 * when regarding v.nd.l attacks since April, they seem not fixated on that page, but other pages.
 * So, if it happens in the future again, why not protect it then ? Otherwise we could go through all important Wikiversity pages and protect them for a "just in case" scenario. On the other hand there were already such "test edits" and therefore it could get protected status. Erkan Yilmaz ( talk ?, wiki blog ) 06:16, 27 October 2007 (UTC)

Adapting "Visual Novels" to teaching classes
I've decided to try to use Ren'Py to create a visual novel for teaching my Blender class. It will allow for me to script a class like environment for the class with a teacher, and use many blender screen shots at the same time. The software is reads from a script file, and produces something much like interactive flash programs. I would really like it if some people took a look at there demo file and thought about how easily it could be used if you just scripted a class instead of a novel. I think this would be a great thing for wikiversity to try. --V2os 01:58, 28 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Please provide us with an example so we can see how this would be used at Wikiversity. --JWSchmidt 21:02, 28 October 2007 (UTC)
 * I have a demo ready, but I need a place to upload the folder or a zip file.--V2os 18:36, 29 October 2007 (UTC)
 * User:V2os sent me the demo by email attachment (sent as a .zip file). I got it to work in Windows XP but not Mac OSX (see below for update). If you want to get a copy of the demo, send an email to V2os or me. --JWS 19:53, 29 October 2007 (UTC)
 * I have actual builds that don't require copying and pasting into a ren'py directory now, they're also is newer and somewhat different from JWSchmidt's. Please mention your OS (Windows, Mac, or Linux only) --V2os 15:13, 30 October 2007 (UTC)
 * The Macintosh-compatible version works. See the screen shot (to the right). --JWS 16:21, 30 October 2007 (UTC)

Twinkle
I wanted to know, after coming over from wikipedia, if there are any scripts I can use, like Twinkle and AVT. J-stan 21:37, 29 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Wikiversity does not currently require scripts to deal with vandalism. We would rather you focus your efforts on developing learning materials as is the purpose of Wikiversity. Due to the scale of Wikipedia, the manpower cost of maintaining such scripts is justified, however Wikiversity does not have a significant vandalism problem (yet?). We currently monitor RC manually, and to an extent use w:WP:MWT. --Draicone (talk) 22:26, 29 October 2007 (UTC)
 * We try to be very welcoming to new editors (see Welcome templates). We just revert obvious vandalism and move on (see No shrines for vandals). If a vandal needs to be blocked, tell a custodian at IRC #wikiversity-en or a Steward (#wikimedia-stewards). --JWSchmidt 01:39, 30 October 2007 (UTC)

 * FWIW, POPUPS does work on Wikiversity. AmiDaniel (talk) 02:02, 4 November 2007 (UTC)

Preliminary alternative to Sandbox Server - flexible shared server space?
While discussing a certain proposal with JWS on IRC recently, I discovered the new proposal for the Sandbox Server and would like to propose a temporary alternative. Despite my blatant objection to the proposal in its current form, I am interested in providing server resources to Wikiversity educators and students to assist in the implementation of courses.

My proposal is this: we setup an external data repository and services hub in a simple shared server environment. This would include web hosting for web design / web scripting purposes, QT media streaming, a Jabber server for communication, an SVN server for the programming-style CS activities and a simple and unbureaucratic (sp?) set of guidelines to manage it all. We can either source these from a low-end (and cost effective) service provider, or I can provide and manage these in the short to medium term.

This is effectively a cut-down version of the sandbox server proposal, and would provide for all our needs in the near future. Should this prove popular, we would be able to justify the sandbox server proposal knowing that there is a need for it, we have people who will use it, and it can be managed and kept under control.

Admittedly, it will not provide everything we need — for example, I cannot currently provide root access (although that can be arranged if desired) — however it is a slightly more realistic attempt at the shared server proposal and would provide us with an effective pilot project to measure demand and usage patterns.

Please provide any feedback you can think of, including flames along the lines of Stop "Borrowing" My Sandbox Server Proposal if you must, or any requests for clarification. I may post my chat log with JWS later if I can find it just to clarify our discussion to the community. --Draicone (talk) 03:22, 29 October 2007 (UTC)
 * I see no reason to avoid using the "Sandbox Server" name. I started Topic:Sandbox Server 0.5 as a work space for developing the idea. --JWSchmidt 06:59, 29 October 2007 (UTC)

 * I was wondering if we could add an Asterisk server to round out the proposed activities. I am glad to see that some steps forward have been taken, and I will help advance this if I can. Historybuff 15:56, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Did you ever send an email to User:Draicone? We should probably try Jabber. --JWSchmidt 20:05, 14 November 2007 (UTC)

Random resource
What do you all think about having "Random resource" below "Random topic" on the sidebar? Any opposition? --Remi 21:06, 5 October 2007 (UTC)

 * "Random page" might be better, assuming it works in all namespaces (I'm not at all sure about that though). --SB_Johnny | talk 12:29, 10 October 2007 (UTC)
 * "Random page" searching everything bar MediaWiki, Wikiversity, User and talk namespaces would be great --Pumpmeup 03:18, 27 October 2007 (UTC)

 * I wonder if a chaos skip logo on the main page of some technical portal would be interesting to people if their experience was created page combination of community metrics, polled desired, and personal hard constraints. When click it you would blink blink blink flashed imagines in your eyes.  Selected by computers not some asshole trying to brain wash you.  I mean how is that flash flash flash going to compete with the idiot boxes long term domination.  We are some of what we choose to see?  Then work a few of the personal suggested tasks your personalized system serves up before proceeding .... might allow someone to figure out how to start managing the global ecology and glop grid in attempt to play stabilize long term climate.  Yep! Weather Contol! So off I scamper with snicker back to boardgames.

See expensive hand tailored pieces can be created and tracked. Folgers coffee jars might a great toy box for shipping and long term organizational expansion. Problem is not every kdi has a rich uncle who has purchases thousands of dollars worth of video game packaging. Mirwin 00:40, 28 November 2007 (UTC)

Transwikis
If you want them, these files are currently marked for transwiki from wikibooks to wikiversity: – Mike.lifeguard | talk 18:41, 20 October 2007 (UTC)
 * b:Image:Astronomy Student Mini-Outline.pdf
 * b:Image:One bit AI.pdf
 * I uploaded them to Wikiversity and added them as examples at Wikimedia Garbage Detail. --JWSchmidt 22:39, 20 October 2007 (UTC)

There are some unused files that you may want: – Mike.lifeguard | talk 00:12, 5 November 2007 (UTC)
 * b:Image:Wikiversity-school of engineering-engr321-Solar sail materials appendix b1.jpg
 * b:Image:Wikiversity-school of engineering-engr321-Solar sail materials appendix b2.jpg
 * b:Image:Wikiversity-school of engineering-engr321-Solar sail materials thermal requirements appendix c.jpg
 * b:Image:Wikiversity-school of engineering-engr321-material properties appendix d.jpg
 * b:Image:Wikiversity-school of engineering-engr321-Solar sail materials mohr's circle appendix b2.jpg
 * b:Image:Wikiversite-banner small.png

I definately want the solar sail files for use at Lunar Boom Town. I am unsure what to do with the files, where they go. Do they go in a subpage directory or stay where they are? 70.110.62.240 10:13, 26 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Theese all seem to be GFDL... is there any reason they should be reuploaded here rather than on commons? --SB_Johnny | talk 11:22, 26 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Actually it would be excellent if they were placed on commons. I just feared they might disappear before I can use them.  But then again I have orginals and they are in the histories so some of us should be able to find them or recreate something closely approximating them for the purpose at hand.  So in answer to your question I guess I have mastered my fears well enough that it makes me pleased you are willing to do the work of relocating them for me as I have some other sticks in the fire right now.  Thank you very very much!  Mirwin 00:46, 28 November 2007 (UTC)

They are at commons under the same filename. – Mike.lifeguard | @en.wb 13:51, 10 December 2007 (UTC)