text:
User talk:Thuvack/Archive/2008

I joined Wikiversity during 2008, so this page contains an archive of all "talk" messages for the year 2008.

Welcome
Hello Thuvack, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may
 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit;
 * Explore our learning projects;
 * Browse our portals, schools, and research activities;
 * Read and help develop our community policies；or
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold, and see you around Wikiversity! Erkan Yilmaz uses the Wikiversity:Chat (try) 14:11, 31 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Hello Thuvack, glad that everything worked out now. Below more info about Wikiversity, Erkan Yilmaz uses the Wikiversity:Chat (try) 14:11, 31 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Glad to hear this, so have a happy wiki-life. See you around, Erkan Yilmaz uses the Wikiversity:Chat (try) 15:56, 1 April 2008 (UTC)

I hope all is well
I'm busy in the real world these days, so hopefully Erkan can help if you have any more problems. --JWSchmidt 01:20, 1 April 2008 (UTC)

separation between users in Wikiversity
Hello, I have now seen a second place (at least) where you separate the custodians from everyone else. May I ask why this is ?

I myself see myself as part of Wikiversity - I am just a user like everyone else. Therefore I don't want to be excluded. What do you think ? Erkan Yilmaz uses the Wikiversity:Chat (try) 15:38, 3 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Hi, maybe i took it a bit to far, but I believe that Custodians are here to take care of Wikiversity as such messages about a special tip to a User or a school must be separated from simple colloqual messages. When I have two message boxes, I know which ones will require my immediate attention & which ones I can read when I have time. I view it as some form of catagorising messages, not to degrate or inflate anyone's ego... :-). I stand to be corrected. - Thuvack 15:52, 3 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Would it be better to Re-name this as "Tips & Tricks Messages" in one box and "General Messages" in another? I do feel a need for message catagorisation. Thuvack 16:00, 3 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Thank you for your explanation.
 * One problem with doing subpages to a talk page is also: if somebody writes at these subpages, you don't see it immediately. Normally when someone writes on your talk page itself, you get when you visit Wikiversity a status message on the page informing you about that. So you can react faster (if you want). So my answer to your question would be: I just would want the normal talk page :-)
 * BUT: Wikiversity is a wiki, so that means, anyone is free to do - or not to do - what they like. I hope you see my comment as personal opinion.
 * So, just do how you feel it is ok for you - it is the talk page associated with your user account. Erkan Yilmaz uses the Wikiversity:Chat (try) 16:15, 3 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Thanx! I think I'll keep My talk page for now, I will change back the School Talk Pages though... :-).Thuvack 16:24, 3 April 2008 (UTC)
 * I have seen the light... ;-). I have reverted this talk page to simple format ( Which has it's advantages as Erkan Yilmaz rightly pointed out right from the begining ). I guess it's a good time for an "I told you so" speech now.Thuvack 12:25, 11 July 2008 (UTC)
 * I have seen the light... ;-). I have reverted this talk page to simple format ( Which has it's advantages as Erkan Yilmaz rightly pointed out right from the begining ). I guess it's a good time for an "I told you so" speech now.Thuvack 12:25, 11 July 2008 (UTC)

Re: Course Renaming Request:
ping, Erkan Yilmaz uses the Wikiversity:Chat (try) 17:39, 2 April 2008 (UTC)

Templates for portals and schools
You might like to take a look at Template:Box_portal_skeleton_2 and think about making a version of this that is suitable for redesigning schools. --McCormack 09:03, 3 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Thanx! just had a sneak look. That looks exactly like what I was trying to do with School of Electrical Engineering. I'll sure give it some thought. - Thuvack 09:21, 3 April 2008 (UTC)

White backgrounds for tables
If you want your table backgrounds to look non-white, try setting the style with "background:inherit" or "background:transparent". Just a hint. --McCormack 10:15, 3 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Thanx! i'll be looking into that next. - Thuvack 11:13, 3 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Not quite as you suggested, but i managed. Please show me how you would use "background:inherit" or "background:transparent". just for interest sake. -Thuvack 15:33, 3 April 2008 (UTC) [[image:Green_tick.svg|20px]]
 * See my edit at Topic:Electronic_engineering/Disciplines_ELEC. --McCormack 16:45, 3 April 2008 (UTC)
 * That looks as neat as i intended, i had a feeling it should be simpler than what i'd done. Thanx! -Thuvack 06:13, 4 April 2008 (UTC)
 * This table background Topic_talk:Electronic_engineering is a bit beyond me. Please help! - Thuvack 07:32, 4 April 2008 (UTC)
 * You mean the white thing lower down the page? Well, looks fairly terminal to me ;-) It's just a talk page... Nobody will mind. --McCormack 13:40, 4 April 2008 (UTC)

Participants lists
A suggestion has been made that participants' lists are so often unmaintained and out-of-date that they should go onto the talk pages. Feel welcome to follow this suggestion. --McCormack 10:16, 3 April 2008 (UTC)
 * I quite agree Will move these on my next edit. - Thuvack 11:13, 3 April 2008 (UTC)[[image:Green_tick.svg|20px]]

Getting the background around image thumbnails right
OK - here's a tip for the absolutely hyper-advanced crazed wiki editor. You see how your image thumbnail on Topic:Electronic_engineering has a surround which doesn't match the background of the box? Well, I think it's a problem with the Mediawiki software itself, and I found a workaround, which you can see in the similarly designed Portal:Primary_Education. Look at my markup and templates, and the secret will be revealed! Hope you enjoy my "tips and tricks". --McCormack 13:40, 4 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Lovely!!! now it looks as neat as i intended. I sure am enjoying your tips & tricks, keep them coming. Thuvack 16:45, 4 April 2008 (UTC)
 * I don't think I've turned the method into a template for universal use on WV yet, but that would be the next step. Let me know when you template-ised it :-) --McCormack 17:31, 4 April 2008 (UTC)
 * I've used the idea in a couple of pages. I'm not happy with the Lavender background that every image seems to take, see my talk page as an example. Is there a work-arround-this?. Thuvack 08:07, 8 April 2008 (UTC)
 * I seem to have a problem floating the image left, the text is not correctly off-setted as when image is floating right. - Thuvack 10:20, 8 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Your're doing well so far. Just continue... --McCormack 17:33, 8 April 2008 (UTC)
 * I have used this piece of code in almost all of my recent contributions & Edits, Time it became a template? I just dont know how to go about it, Can you walk me through it? I just need to see it done once & properly and I will get it! - Thuvack 06:11, 16 April 2008 (UTC)
 * I turned this into a template a few days ago - see Template:image --McCormack 08:09, 16 April 2008 (UTC)
 * That's cool, Thanx for that -Thuvack 12:38, 16 April 2008 (UTC)

Underconstruction template
I've used the underconstruction template in Electrical Engineering Orientation course page. I'm not happy with the considerably long page break after the template. I looked at the Template page but cant see anything wrong. Please have a look and comment?help. -Thuvack 08:54, 8 April 2008 (UTC)
 * I agree; I've noticed what seems like extra white space under a lot of the templates used at the top of pages, e.g., also Template:Stub and am also wondering how the white space can be reduced. -- Jtneill - Talk 10:23, 8 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Fixed :-) McCormack 17:32, 8 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Thanks! -Thuvack 12:39, 9 April 2008 (UTC)

Circuit Analysis
Great job! Very Very impressive work done in the electrical engineering section. Can we include this page I made Hints for solving circuit analysis problems I am not sure. The Isiah 05:25, 25 May 2008 (UTC) -✅
 * Ofcourse, I think It would fit in right on the first page of the course Electric_Circuit_Analysis. Would you like to edit the page or should I? and Thanx for noticing. Would you like to help in fininshing the merging of this course as I suggested in Talk:Electric Circuit Analysis... I am a bit tied up with work and Varsity assignment untill end of may to mid June so my contributions will be slow on coming untill then. :-) . Thuvack 09:30, 26 May 2008 (UTC)
 * Glad to see you back - I'd like to make the circuit analysis project a feature just as soon as it's finished! --McCormack 13:00, 5 June 2008 (UTC)
 * That sounds Very well. I'm impressed at the time you put in to catergorizing some of the pages in Electrical engineering ( Quizies etc... ) things do like like they are shaping up. I will need some time to finish the course. atleast another week. I am planning to bring in my study notes on the three courses I was busy with at varsity... so I would also like to get the course done before I concentrate on other courses. :-) it feels good to be back. Thuvack 13:04, 5 June 2008 (UTC)
 * - ✅ I think this course is generally done and can be forwarded for a test drive. There will still be edits here or there but the skeleton is completed and I am happy with it. :-) Thuvack 15:29, 2 July 2008 (UTC)

Voltage Division
Hi! There are two broken links after deletion of Voltage division. Do you know where the appropriate content is, that these pages could be linked correctly? (+another page that could interest you)--Gbaor 12:32, 13 June 2008 (UTC)
 * Hey there. thanks for bringing this up, I should have checked the what links here page before requesting for the deletion ( As I always do ). The relevant page is Resistors in Series, I will have a look at the two pages with broken links and correct them ( some time today ). I think they will have to be edited though, since voltage division is handled well on the cited page yet not the focal point of discussion. Thuvack 06:52, 17 June 2008 (UTC)
 * Sorted out one more relevent link. :-).✅ . Thuvack 10:30, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

Help me add a GFDL license
I uploaded the following image to day ELE-PRE-MAT1-1.png and I forgot to add the GFDL license. How do i edit that info? can someone edit it for me. I created the image using AutoCAD. -Thuvack 13:41, 9 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Edit the image page to include .  --mikeu talk 14:58, 9 April 2008 (UTC)
 * ✅ -thanks !

short wiki link
A wiki link to an article in Commons Wikimedia is better writing alternativ text but not alternative text. Thanks.
 * ✅ - Thanks Bot :-) -Thuvack 14:03, 14 April 2008 (UTC)

User talk:Terra#Where next, Columbus? :)
I am not sure if you saw the above already - if you have some time, perhaps you could give some thoughts (since you wrote above: By the way if you are a custodian & need an understudy, I am available as well, I do not have any hard-core programming abilities, but C++ & Java are not strangers to me, Need sum help, I will if i can.) ? Erkan Yilmaz uses the Wikiversity:Chat (try) 18:09, 15 April 2008 (UTC

Course
Hi, Thuvack. Yes - I saw this and updated my comment on Featured yesterday. I think there are about 3 or so courses which I'd currently like to add to the current list of featured courses. --McCormack 14:40, 3 July 2008 (UTC)

Excellent pages
Hi Thuvack, I just wanted to share that I am enjoying seeing your edits and pages grow into vibrant contributions, including your blog. I often visit your sandbox pages for ideas :). -- Jtneill - Talk - c 12:49, 22 July 2008 (UTC)
 * I am glad to hear this. I hope to keep this momentum going even though it is not easy. Nothing good comes easy I suppose. Thank you ;-).Thuvack 13:08, 22 July 2008 (UTC)

RSS feed
Hi! I just came through a WV page, that has something about RSS feeds you asked in the Colloquium → Wikiversity Blog howto. Hope it helps. --Gbaor 09:44, 24 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Thanks I will check this out. Thuvack 09:56, 24 July 2008 (UTC)

I tried Wikiversity Blog howto, and It seems to be explaining how to create a manually maintained Rss feed.

 * I have done an RSS feed for my Blog and added the this link that you can copy to an aggregator. I then subscribed to my Blog feeds using Feedreader 3.13 and that seemed to work.

Error adding feed:;Cant add/update feed.http://en.wikiversity.org/w/index.php?title=User:Thuvack/Blog/rssaction=raw c type=application/rss+xml
 * I cant however Get Rssbot to create and maintain rss feeds for me for the Test Blog I created. Is Rss bot broken? beacuse when I follow the instruction for using the Rssbot template, then subscribe to the blog on my aggregator using this link, I get the following error message:

Did I do something wrong? --Thuvack 14:29, 24 July 2008 (UTC)
 * I am convinced that the RSSbot is not functional/malfunctioning. I have tried to use it on two pages to no avail. I just looked at User contributions by MichaelBillingtonBot and the last edit was 00:53, 2007 June 24! Am I missing something?--Thuvack | talk 14:33, 28 July 2008 (UTC)

I have submitted your questions to Colloquium, while I don't know the answers to your questions. Hope you (we) get few there.--Gbaor 10:19, 29 July 2008 (UTC)

Electric or electrical?
Should your course Electric Circuit Analysis be called electrical circuit analysis? (Google ratio is 1:3). --McCormack 05:37, 29 July 2008 (UTC)
 * It is Both although Electrical is more correct. I avoided renaming it when I got involved with revamping, If needs be it can be renamed.I just saw it is todays featured project! :-)--Thuvack | talk 06:32, 29 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Actually one must proceed with caution here. This course has atleast three corresponding names: 1. Electric circuit analysis 2. Electronic circuit Analysis and 3. Electrical circuit Analysis.Maybe put all as tags? --Thuvack | talk 06:39, 29 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Even just Circuit Analysis :-( --Thuvack | talk 06:40, 29 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Circuit Analysis might belong to Formula One Racing. Let's leave it as it is. --McCormack 15:31, 4 August 2008 (UTC)
 * My thoughts exactly... By the way, I have just received ( 3 days ago ), The first student to e-mail me their results ( Percentage ) on their attempts of the first 3 Lesson quizes. It is a good feeling to get some sort of feed back on circuit analysis.Thuvack | talk 15:36, 4 August 2008 (UTC)

nice
nice to here you (The preceding unsigned comment was added by 125.22.245.36 (talk • contribs) .)

Posted results
Hi Thuvack. Thanks for your message. So did this user actually post something to the site, or just send you an email? If they edited at all, can you give me the page title? Thanks. --McCormack 12:44, 5 August 2008 (UTC)
 * It looks like he only attempted the lesson quizes. I have found no trace of him being registered here at wikiversity. He e-mailed me his results. I will send him an e-mail encouraging him to register (again?). --Thuvack | talk 12:51, 5 August 2008 (UTC)

RE: Testing 1...2...3.....
Here you go Thuvack
 * Thanks This will help a custodian sort out your registration problems. --Thuvack | talk 13:26, 5 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Hi, Thuvack. Looks like a great opportunity for you to extend your wiki admin skills by explaining to him how to sign his posts! --McCormack 13:56, 5 August 2008 (UTC)

RE: Revisted As Requested
Hi Thuvack, As requested, I am revisiting to insure my registration is correct. Thanks, Ozzimotosan
 * Hi there, Glad you revisited. Have you tried going to your talk page? follow this link. --Thuvack | talk 15:01, 5 August 2008 (UTC)

RE: Last Request
Here's the reply, I used the link you sent and clicked "talk". All set? Ozzimotosan
 * Not quite: Click on the following link it will take you to your talk page:  - User_talk:Ozzimotosan --Thuvack | talk 15:34, 5 August 2008 (UTC)

Conway's Game of Life
See also Conway's Game of Life. Hillgentleman|Talk 07:04, 7 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Got it, I didn't notice the 1's moving untill I looked at it closer. We definately, are cells in this great game of life! --Thuvack | talk 07:56, 7 August 2008 (UTC)

RSS Feeds Howto
Wow! Very-very-very nice! :) --Gbaor 09:01, 7 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Glad you like it, I will be working on Blog Howto Next, I think the two should be separate. ;-) --Thuvack | talk 10:00, 7 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Unfortunately RSSbot is inactive, So I am mantaining feeds to My Blog manually, :-( --Thuvack | talk 10:03, 7 August 2008 (UTC)

Hi
To confirm my Wikiversity account.--Borg 16:46, 7 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Nice to see you here finally. --Thuvack | talk 16:47, 7 August 2008 (UTC)

electronics engineering
there are no edit links for the subtopics on the main page with the new skin you have made65.30.114.59 01:34, 8 August 2008 (UTC)
 * I will correct that, do however note that, there are two pages, 1 Available course page(Topics started) and the course wishlist page(Topic Requests).--Thuvack | talk 06:14, 8 August 2008 (UTC)

Citation methods
Hi Thuvack. You need to distinguish between "poor citation" and "no citation at all". A student who doesn't provide any citation at all is a plagiarist, which on Wikimedia projects might lead to deletion. A student who simply doesn't follow an established citation method, but nevertheless provides a working citation, is a student who might displease their professor, but would never have their material deleted! At worst, poor citations would be improved by someone else in the course of time. In other words, don't worry quite so much, unless it's a matter of your personal goals! --McCormack 16:11, 11 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Thanks for putting my thoughts to rest ;-). --Thuvack | talk 06:03, 12 August 2008 (UTC)

Robelbox
Hi again. You said that robelbox was playing up - but I couldn't see anything wrong. Screenshot? Description? --McCormack 16:12, 11 August 2008 (UTC)
 * here is a screenshot, parts 5 & 6 dont seem 'closed' as part 8 is. --Thuvack | talk 05:53, 12 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Can't see the cause at the moment. --McCormack 17:42, 12 August 2008 (UTC)

Subpages
Subpages are good. --McCormack 17:42, 12 August 2008 (UTC)

Test response
Hi Thuvack, This is my test response. Doldham 16:48, 14 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Hi Dolham. thank you for this response I have left a message on your talk page. Happy wiki life --Thuvack | talk 06:25, 15 August 2008 (UTC)

Welcome back
Hope all's well. -- Jtneill - Talk - c 11:57, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
 * Thanks JT, I will be fully back in November,I just have a day to my self today. :-)--Thuvack | talk 12:01, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
 * I am currently on-line in IRC. do you want to chat?--Thuvack | talk 12:01, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

Thanks
Hi Thuvack, I just wanted to say I really appreciated this vote of confidence. I share your hope for a more peaceful (or, at least, 'less hostile') project - and I want to explicitly work towards that end. I look forward to working with you on this - even though I haven't said it to you directly, I've very much appreciated your participation in Wikiversity so far. :-) Cormaggio talk 09:08, 17 October 2008 (UTC)

Vision/2009
Excellent idea. Funny how blind spots develop, I'd stopped looking at this - it offers a positive framework for moving forward, so let's do some more. I played a little bit with some ways to do simple bar graphing which maybe we could adapt some way SPP/Participant. I would like to have some progress bar tool for lots of places! Is that what you're thinking? -- Jtneill - Talk - c 12:10, 17 October 2008 (UTC)
 * I am working on something else (just now), but how about posting on the Colloquium, encouraging people to take a look, get involved, pick up tasks which need doing, etc. and let's start closing out some which are done, highlighting those which need doing, etc. Maybe now these messages/editing, we switch over to the page and its talk page. Progress bars would be good but not necessary - let's add them to the wishlist -- Jtneill - Talk - c 12:32, 17 October 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Thuvack/Archive/2008


text:
User talk:Thuvack/Archive/2011-2009

'''I joined Wikiversity during 2008, so this page contains an archive of all "talk" messages for the year 2009 up to 2011. As you can see not much was said or done suring these years'''.

Vision/2009
Excellent idea. Funny how blind spots develop, I'd stopped looking at this - it offers a positive framework for moving forward, so let's do some more. I played a little bit with some ways to do simple bar graphing which maybe we could adapt some way SPP/Participant. I would like to have some progress bar tool for lots of places! Is that what you're thinking? -- Jtneill - Talk - c 12:10, 17 October 2008 (UTC)
 * I am working on something else (just now), but how about posting on the Colloquium, encouraging people to take a look, get involved, pick up tasks which need doing, etc. and let's start closing out some which are done, highlighting those which need doing, etc. Maybe now these messages/editing, we switch over to the page and its talk page. Progress bars would be good but not necessary - let's add them to the wishlist -- Jtneill - Talk - c 12:32, 17 October 2008 (UTC)

Copyright problem with Image:EE-102-L07-Fig1a.jpg

 * I created this image and remember releasing it and GNU GFDL licensing. I will re-license it if needs be.--Thuvack | talk
 * Yes, thanks. Can you check all your upload in the same time.Crochet.david 14:52, 12 August 2009 (UTC)
 * I'll try as and when I get time. I have been very busy lately--Thuvack | talk

What's going on these days?
ping :-) Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 17:12, 25 March 2010 (UTC)
 * Hey there Erkan, long time no hear... :-)... two years is a long time isnt it? Well I been through a rough patch of life during the past year. Luckily I got through it and the worst should be over. I'm back on line now and I log in every once in a while just to check whats going on. Say have you heard anything from User:McCormack?? anyways watch this space :-). ---Thuvack | talk
 * Good to hear the rough part is over Thuvack. McCormack - did not hear something. I will write on his talk page with a link to here. Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 20:02, 31 March 2010 (UTC)

Power Generation - Missing Parts
Unjani? Nuclear power has missing topics. Where can I get them? They are actually more than that, BTW. Yours is the only name I see as coordinator(most of the time). Any help? Luckimg 16:32, 25 March 2011 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Thuvack/Archive/2011-2009


text:
User:Thuvack/Mind-Logs/ARCHIVES

 * /2011-2009
 * /2008

title: User:Thuvack/Mind-Logs/ARCHIVES


title: File:Besdfat1.jpg


text:
Spanish/Verbs/H

 * ../hablar/

title: Spanish/Verbs/H


text:
Spanish/Verbs/T

 * ../tener/
 * ../tocar/
 * tomar
 * ../transladar/

title: Spanish/Verbs/T


text:
Spanish/Verbs/amar/Present Tense

 * Yo amo
 * Tú amas
 * Él/ella/usted ama
 * Nosotros/nosotras amamos
 * Vosotros/vosotras amáis
 * Ellos/ellas/ustedes aman

title: Spanish/Verbs/amar/Present Tense


text:
User:Christopher.nunez/enes100/illuminationProject2/ELcode

 * 1) define A 2
 * 2) define B 3
 * 3) define C 4
 * 4) define D 5
 * 5) define E 6
 * 6) define F 7
 * 7) define G 8
 * 8) define H 9

void setup{ pinMode(A, OUTPUT); pinMode(B, OUTPUT); pinMode(C, OUTPUT); pinMode(D, OUTPUT); pinMode(E, OUTPUT); pinMode(F, OUTPUT); pinMode(G, OUTPUT); pinMode(H, OUTPUT); }

void loop{ digitalWrite(A, HIGH); digitalWrite(B, HIGH); digitalWrite(C, HIGH); digitalWrite(D, HIGH); digitalWrite(E, HIGH); digitalWrite(F, HIGH); digitalWrite(G, HIGH); digitalWrite(H, HIGH);

delay(2000);

digitalWrite(A, LOW); digitalWrite(B, LOW); digitalWrite(C, LOW); digitalWrite(D, LOW); digitalWrite(E, LOW); digitalWrite(F, LOW); digitalWrite(G, LOW); digitalWrite(H, LOW);

delay(500);

}


text:
User:Benrattray/Research Output

The following is a record of Ben's academic research output.

ORCiD profile

ResearchGate profile

University profile

Scopus profile (requires login)

=CITATIONS=

 * Google citations link

=PUBLICATIONS=

Edited book chapters
TEXTBOOK: Exercise Physiology: Australia and New Zealand. 1st edition. McGraw Hill. June 2014. Powers and Howley, with Jim Cotter, Kate Pumpa, Anthony Leicht, Ben Rattray, Toby Muendel and Xanne Janse De Jonge. ISBN: 1743077130.
 * Chapter 3: Bioenergetics
 * Chapter 4: Exercise Metabolism
 * Chapter 14: Risk Factors and Inflammation: Links to Chronic Disease
 * Chapter 19: Factors Affecting Performance
 * Chapter 21: Training for Performance

2024

 * Lewis A, Toufexis C, Goldsmith C, Robinson R, Howie G, Rattray B & Flood A. The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation and exercise on salivary s100B protein indicated blood-brain barrier permeability: A pilot study. Neuromodulation: Technology and the Neural Interaface. DOI: 10.1016/j.neurom.2023.11.006

2023

 * Quinlan C, Rattray B, Pryor D, Northey JM & Cherbuin N. Physical activity and cognitive function in middle-aged adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the PATH Through Life Study. Frontiers in Psychology - Movement Science. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1022868.

2022

 * Proost M, Habay J, De Wachter J, De Pauw K, Rattray B, Meeusen R, Roelands B & Van Cutsem J. How to Tackle Mental Fatigue: A Systematic Review of Potential Countermeasures and Their Underlying Mechanisms. Sports Medicine (2020 IF: 9.417). DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01678-z.
 * Martin K, Flood A, Pyne DB, Périard J, Keegan R & Rattray B. The impact of cognitive, physical and psychological challenges on subsequent cognitive performance. Human Factors. (2019 IF: 3.165). DOI: 10.1177/00187208211065548.

2021

 * Keegan R, Flood A, Niyonsenga T, Welvaert M, Rattray B, Sarkar M, Melberzs L & Crone D. Development and initial validation of an Acute Readiness Monitoring Scale (ARMS). Frontiers in Psychology. (2020 IF: 2.990). DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.738609
 * Summers S, Keegan RJ, Flood A, Martin K, McKune A & Rattray B. The Acute Readiness Monitoring Scale (ARMS): Assessing predictive and concurrent validation. Frontiers in Psychology. (2020 IF: 2.990). DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.738519
 * Quinlan C, Rattray B, Pryor D, Northey JM, Anstey KJ, Butterworth P & Cherbuin N. The accuracy of self-reported physical activity questionnaires varies with sex and body mass index. PLOS One. (2020 IF: 2.609). 16(8): e0256008 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256008.
 * [Letter to the Editor] Filipas L, Martin K, Northey J, La Torre A, Keegan R and Rattray B. Response to the Letter to the Editor regarding the article “A 4-week endurance training program improves tolerance to mental exertion in untrained individuals”. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. (2018 IF: 3.623). DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2021.05.012.
 * Quinlan C, Rattray B, Pryor D, Northey J, Coxon J, Cherbuin N and Andrews SC. Effects of high-intensity exercise and tDCS on motor learning in middle-aged adults. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. (2020 IF: 3.209). 661079. DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.661079.
 * Etxebarria N, Clark B, Ross ML, Hui T, Goecke R, Rattray B and Burke LM. Quinine ingestion during the latter stages of a 3,000-m time trial fails to improve cycling performance . International Journal of Sports Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. (2019 IF: 3.884). 31(1): 9-12. DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.2020-0265.

2020

 * Mitchell LJG, Rattray B, Fowlie J, Saunders PU and Pyne DB. The impact of different training load quantification and modelling methodologies on performance predictions in elite swimmers . European Journal of Sport Science. (2018 IF: 2.376). 20(10): 1329-1338. DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2020.1719211.
 * Northey JM, Rattray B, Pumpa KL, Smee DJ, Fraser M, Shaw M, Anstey KJ and Cherbuin N. Objectively measured physical activity is associated with dorsolateral prefrontal cortex volume in older adults. NeuroImage. (2019 IF: 5.902). 221: 117150. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117150.

 * Filipas L, Martin K, Northey J, La Torre A, Keegan R and Rattray B. A 4-week endurance training program improves tolerance to mental exertion in untrained individuals. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. (2019 IF: 3.607). 23(12): 1215-1219. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2020.04.020.
 * Walsh E, Smith E, Northey J, Rattray B and Cherbuin N. Towards an understanding of the physical activity-BDNF-cognition triumvirate: a review of associations and dosage. Ageing Research Reviews. (2018 IF: 10.390). 60: 101044. DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101044

 * Martin K, Périard J, Rattray B and Pyne DB. Physiological factors which influence cognitive performance in military personnel. Human Factors. (2018 IF: 2.649). 62(1): 93-123.. DOI: 10.1177/0018720819841757.

2019

 * Martin K, McLeod E, Periard J, Rattray B, Keegan R and Pyne D. The impact of environmental stress on cognitive performance: A systematic review. Human Factors. 61(8): 1205-1246. (2018 IF: 2.649). DOI: 10.1177/0018720819839817

 * Martin K, Thompson KG, Keegan R and Rattray B. Are individuals who engage in more frequent self-regulation less susceptible to mental fatigue? Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology. 41(5): 289–297. (2018 IF: 2.434). DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2018-0222

 * Mitchell LJG, Rattray B, Wu P, Saunders PU and Pyne DB. Responsiveness and seasonal variation of a 12x25m swimming test. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 14(7): 966-971. (2018 IF: 3.979). DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2018-0745.

 * Rattray B, Martin K, Hewitt A, Cooper G and McDonald W. Effect of acute modafinil ingestion on cognitive and physical performance following mental exertion. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental. 34(4) (2017 IF: 2.806). DOI: 10.1002/hup.2700

 * Northey JM, Rattray B, Pumpa KL, Smee DJ, Welvaertv M, Anstey KJ and Cherbuin N. Can the intensity of physical activity be accurately measured in older adults using questionnaires? Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 22(7): 803-807. (2017 IF: 3.929). DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.01.004

 * Northey JM, Pumpa KL, Quinlan C, Ikin A, Toohey K, Smee DJ and Rattray B. Cognition in breast cancer survivors: a pilot study of interval and continuous exercise. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 22(5): 580-585. (2017 IF: 3.929). DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2018.11.026

 * Smee D, Walker A, Rattray B, Cooke J, Serpell B and Pumpa K. Comparison of body composition assessment methods in professional urban firefighters. International Journal of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism. 29(3): 282-288. (2017 IF: 2.489). DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0040

2018

 * Martin K, Meeusen R, Thompson KG, Keegan R and Rattray B. Mental fatigue impairs endurance performance: A physiological explanation. Sports Medicine. 48(9):2041–2051. (2017 IF: 7.074). DOI: 10.1007/s40279-018-0946-9

 * Smale BA, Northey JM, Smee DJ, Versey NG and Rattray B. Compression garments and cerebral blood flow: Influence on cognitive and exercise performance. European Journal of Sport Science. 18(3): 315-322. (2017 IF: 2.576). DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2017.1413139

 * Mitchell LJG, Saunders PU, Pyne DB and Rattray B. Reliability and validity of a modified 3-minute all-out swimming test in elite swimmers. European Journal of Sport Science. 18(3): 307-314. (2017 IF: 2.576). DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2017.1413138

 * Northey J, Cherbuin N, Pumpa K, Smee D and Rattray B. Exercise interventions for cognitive function in adults older than fifty: a systematic review with meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 52(3): 154-160. (2018 IF: 11.645). DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096587

 * Mitchell LJG, Rattray B, Saunders PU and Pyne DB. The relationship between talent identification testing parameters and performance in elite junior swimmers. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 21(12): 1281–1285. (2017 IF: 3.929). DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2018.05.006

2017

 * Rattray B, Smale, BA, Northey JM, Smee DJ, and Versey NG. Middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity during a 4 kilometre cycling time-trial. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 117(6): 1241–1248. (2016 IF: 2.328). DOI: 10.1007/s00421-017-3612-2

 * McGowan CJ, Pyne DB, Thompson KG, Raglin JS, and Rattray B. Morning exercise enhances afternoon sprint swimming performance. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 12(5): 605-611. (2015 IF: 3.042). DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2016-0276

 * McGowan CJ, Pyne DB, Thompson KG, Raglin JS, Osborne M and Rattray B. Elite sprint swimming performance is enhanced by completion of additional warm-up activities. Journal of Sport Sciences. 35(15): 1493-1499. (2015 IF: 2.142). DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1223329

 * Walker A, Wright-Beatty HE, Zanetti S and Rattray B. Improving body composition may reduce the immune and inflammatory responses of firefighters working in the heat. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 59(4): 377-383. (2016 IF: 1.627). DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000980

 * Walker A, Rattray B and Brearley M. Perception or reality; can thermal perceptions inform management of firefighters in the heat? Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene. 14(4): 306-312. (2015 IF: 1.155). DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2016.1240871

 * Kusnanik NW & Rattray B. Effect of ladder speed run and repeated sprint ability in improving agility and speed of junior soccer players. Acta Kinesiologica. 11(1): 19-22.

2016

 * McGowan CJ, Pyne DB, Thompson KG and Rattray B. Evaluating warm-up strategies for elite sprint breaststroke swimming performance. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 11(7): 975-978. (2015 IF: 3.042). DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2015-0581

 * McGowan CJ, Pyne DB, Raglin J, Thompson KG and Rattray B. Current warm-up practices and contemporary issues faced by elite swimming coaches. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 30(12): 3471-3480. (2015 IF: 1.978) DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001443

 * Martin K, Staiano W, Menaspa P, Hennessey T, Marcora S, Keegan R, Thompson KG, Martin D, Halson S and Rattray B. Superior Inhibitory Control and Resistance to Mental Fatigue in Professional Road Cyclists. PLoS ONE. 11(7): e0159907.(2015 IF: 3.057). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159907.

 * Lapointe T, Brassard P, Rattray B and Lachance E. Physical activity counteracts the influence of mental work on blood pressure in healthy children. Physiology & Behavior. 164(A): 102–106. (2015 IF: 2.461). DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.05.048

 * Walker A, McKune A, Ferguson S, Pyne DB and Rattray B. Chronic occupational exposures can influence the rate of PTSD in first responders and military personnel. Extreme Physiology & Medicine. 5:8. DOI: 10.1186/s13728-016-0049-x

 * Rattray B and Smee D. The effect of high and low exercise intensity periods on a simple memory recognition test. Journal of Sport and Health Science. 5:342-348. (2015 IF: 1.685) DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2015.01.005

 * McGowan CJ, Thompson KG, Pyne DB, Raglin JS and Rattray B. Heated jackets and dryland-based activation exercises used as additional warm-ups during transition enhance sprint swimming performance. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 19: 354-358. (2015 IF: 3.756) DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2015.04.012

 * Northey JM, Rattray B, Argus CK, Etxebarria N and Driller MW. Vascular Occlusion and Sequential Compression for Recovery Post Resistance Exercise. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 30(2): 533-539 (2015 IF: 1.978).

2015

 * Walker A, Argus C, Driller M and Rattray B. Repeat work bouts increase thermal strain for Australian firefighters working in the heat. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health. 21(4): 285-293. (2014 IF: 1.365). DOI: 10.1179/2049396715Y.0000000006

 * Walker A, Keene T, Argus C, Driller M, Guy JH and Rattray B. Immune and inflammatory responses of Australian firefighters after repeated exposures to the heat. Ergonomics. 58(12): 2032-2039. (2014 IF: 1.556) DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2015.1051596.

 * McGowan CJ, Pyne DB, Rattray B, Thompson KG. Warm-Up Strategies for Sport and Exercise – Mechanisms and Applications. Sports Medicine (2014 IF: 5.038, top 3 journal in field). 45(11): 1523-1546. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-015-0376-x

 * Rattray B, Argus C, Martin K, Northey J and Driller M. Is it time to turn our attention towards central mechanisms for post-exertional recovery strategies and performance? Frontiers in Physiology. 6:79. (2014 IF: 3.5) DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00079.

 * Martin K, Thompson KG, Keegan R, Ball N and Rattray B. Mental fatigue does not affect maximal anaerobic exercise performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 115(4): 715-25. (2013 IF: 2.298). DOI: 10.1007/s00421-014-3052-1

2014

 * Rattray B, Steele J, Semple S, Ramirez R and Abhayaratna W. Short-term eccentric exercise in newly diagnosed Type II diabetics - An exploratory study. Sport Sciences for Health. 10(3):199-204. DOI: 10.1007/s11332-014-0193-x

 * Walker A, Driller M, Brearley M, Argus C and Rattray B. Cold Water Immersion and Iced Slush Ingestion are effective at cooling firefighters following a simulated search and rescue task in a hot environment. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. 39(10): 1159-1166. (2013 IF: 2.225)

 * Martin K, Smee D, Thompson KG and Rattray B. No Improvement of Repeated-Sprint Performance With Dietary Nitrate. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 9(5): 845-850 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2013-0384 (2013 IF: 2.683)

 * Walker A, Driller M, Argus C, Cooke J and Rattray B. The ageing Australian Firefighter: An argument for age based recruitment and fitness standards for urban Fire Services. Ergonomics. 57(4):612-621. DOI 10.1080/00140139.2014.887790. (2012 IF: 1.674)

 * Clarke AC, Presland J, Rattray B and Pyne DB. Critical velocity as a measure of aerobic fitness in women’s rugby sevens. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 17(1): 144-148 (2013 IF: 3.079)

2013

 * Rattray B and Smee D. Exercise improves reaction time without compromising accuracy in a novel easy to administer tablet-based cognitive task. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 16(6): 567-570. DOI:10.1016/j.jsams.2012.12.007. (2011 IF: 3.034)

 * Rattray B, Thompson M, Ruell P, Caillaud C. Specific training improves skeletal muscle mitochondrial calcium homeostasis after eccentric exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 113(2): 427-436. DOI: 10.1007/s00421-012-2446-1 (2010 IF: 2.214)

 * Rattray B, Cooke J, Bail K and Ranse J. A Comparison of Open Access in Exercise Science Journals: 2010 to 2012. The Open Sports Science Journal. Accepted December 7 2012. Open access online 24 January 2013.

 * Bail K, Ranse J, Clarke R and Rattray B. (2013) Open access to nursing journals: an audit of the 2010 ERA journal list. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing. 30(4): 5-11. (2011 IF: 0.59)

2012

 * Rattray B and Roberts A. (2012). Athlete assessments in orienteering: Differences between physiological variables in field and laboratory settings. European Journal of Sport Science. 12(4): 293-300. DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2011.566366 (2010 IF: 0.890)

2011

 * Rattray B, Caillaud C, Ruell P, Thompson M. (2011). Heat exposure does not alter eccentric exercise-induced increases in mitochondrial calcium and respiratory dysfunction. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 111(11): 2813-21. DOI: 10.1007/s00421-011-1913-4. (2010 IF: 2.214)

2010

 * Wisbey B, Montgomery PG, Pyne DB, Rattray B (2010). Quantifying movement demands of AFL football using GPS tracking. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 13(5): 531-536. (2010 IF: 3.0; Citations (Google Scholar), May 2017: 174)

2014

 * Mitchell LJ, Rattray B, Saunders PU and Pyne DB (2014). The interplay of critical velocity and anaerobic distance capacity and their relationship to competition performance. XIIth International Symposium on Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming. Full conference paper http://www.bms2014.com.au/

 * Walker A, Rattray B, Argus C and Driller M. Physiological responses to design adaptations in firefighting PPC during simulated firefighting tasks. Chapter 11: 91-101. In, Science of Sport, Exercise and Physical Activity in the Tropics (SSEPAT). Nova Scientific, New York.

Industry Reports

 * Wisbey B, Pyne D, Rattray B and Montgomerey (2013) Quantifying changes in AFL player demands using GPS tracking. 2013 AFL Season. Report to Australian Football League

 * Wisbey B, Pyne D and Rattray B (2012) Quantifying changes in AFL player demands using GPS tracking. 2012 AFL Season. Report to Australian Football League

 * Wisbey B, Pyne D and Rattray B (2011) Quantifying changes in AFL player demands using GPS tracking. 2011 AFL Season. Report to Australian Football League

 * Wisbey B, Rattray B and Pyne D (2010) Quantifying changes in AFL player demands using GPS tracking. 2010 AFL Season. Report to Australian Football League.

 * Wisbey B, Rattray B and Pyne D (2009) Quantifying changes in AFL player demands using GPS tracking. 2009 AFL Season. Report to Australian Football League.

 * Wisbey B, Rattray B and Pyne D (2008) Quantifying changes in AFL player demands using GPS tracking. 2008 AFL Season. Report to Australian Football League.

=GRANTS=

External
(total $990.7k)

 * Rattray B, et al. (2021). Under embargo
 * Keegan RJ, Martin K, Rattray B, Niyonsenga T, Sarkar M, McKune A, Melberzs L and Crone D. (2020). Criterion and concurrent validation of the Acute Readiness Monitoring in Military Scale (ARMMS). $101,202.
 * Thompson K, Keegan R, Rattray B, McKune A, Martin K, Pyne D, Petersen K, Appaneal R (2016). An integrated approach to monitoring occupational demands and improving resilience and performance readiness in military personnel. Human Performance Research Network (HPRnet) - DST Group and the Australian Army. $450,000.
 * Thompson K, Keegan R, Rattray B, McKune A, Martin K, Pyne D, Petersen K, Appaneal R (2016). An integrated approach to monitoring occupational demands and improving resilience and performance readiness in military personnel. Human Performance Research Network (HPRnet) - DST Group and the Australian Army. $450,000.

 * Rattray B, Smee D, Northey J and Versey N (2015). Effects of compression garments for cognitive performance during exercise. Australian Institute of Sport/Australian Sports Commission. $11,636.02

 * Rattray B, McGowan C, Thompson K, Raglin J, Osborne M and Pyne D. (2014). Influence of a same-day priming bout on evening competitive swimming performance. High Performance Sport Research Fund. Australian Institute of Sport/Australian Sports Commission. $10,214

 * Rattray B,Pumpa K, Smee D, Anstey K, Cherbuin N, and Bielak A. (2013). Improving exercise prescription for cognitive wellbeing and healthy ageing. Dementia Collaborative Research Centre - Early Diagnosis and Prevention - seed grants. $29,925.17

 * Rattray B, Mitchell L, Thompson K, Saunders P and Pyne D. (2013). Adaptation modelling and training loads in elite swimmers. AIS PhD top-up scholarship. $16,041

 * Rattray B and Blackall L (2011). Measuring the success of instructional and promotion videos in a niche sporting organisation. Orienteering Australia ASC participation grant. $19,320. Video productions are at: www.youtube.com/orienteeringaus

 * Rattray B, Waddington G, Abhayaratna W, Deakin V and Ball N. (2010) The role of eccentric exercise and nutrition in the treatment of systemic inflammation and chronic disease. ACT Health and Medical Research Support Program grant. $50,000

 * Rattray B (2005-8) Sports Knowledge Australia PhD Scholarship Grant.

Internal

 * Rattray B and Brassard P (2013). Measuring inside the brain – transcranial Doppler to monitor the effect of exercise and cognition on cerebral perfusion (brain health). University of Canberra, Faculty of Health Research Grants. $10,000.

 * Rattray B, Cooke J, Pumpa K and Toohey K (2012). Use of eccentric exercise in improving quality of life in COPD sufferers: a meta-analysis. University of Canberra, Faculty of Health Research Development Support. $2,500.

 * Pumpa K, Rattray B and Ball N (2012). Does cryotherapy limit the positive adaptations gained from training? University of Canberra, Faculty of Health Research Development Support. $2,500.

 * Rattray B (2012). ECSS Conference presentation funding. $1500

 * Rattray B (2011). BASES Conference presentation funding. $1500

 * Pumpa K, Rattray B, Turner L, Cormie P and Galvao D (2011) Exercise as Medicine for the management of lymphoedema in breast cancer survivors. University of Canberra, Faculty of Health Research Development Support $5,000

 * Ghildyal R, Simson L, Rao S, Frese M, Gahan M, Shield A and Rattray B (2010) Cross-Faculty biomedical equipment. University of Canberra competitive process for a NHMRC standard equipment grant $13,500

 * Pumpa K, Rattray B, Davey R and Cormie P (2010) Exercise for the management of lymphoedema in breast cancer survivors. University of Canberra, Faculty of Health Research Development Support. $2,300.

 * Shield A, Rattray B, Cooper G, Green T, Denham-Mason P, Lyons K, Newman P, Tonkin K, Waddington G and Hughes D (2009) Attitude towards pain management in Sport. University of Canberra, Faculty of Health Research Development Support. $3,000.

=ABSTRACTS and CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS=

2020

 * Rattray B. Cerebrovascular responses to exercise - implications for brain health and performance. Exercise and Sport Science Australia - Research to Practice 2020 conference. April 2-4 2020, Perth, Western Australia. Invited speaker Rattray.

 * Northey J, Rattray B, Pumpa KL, Pryor DJ, Fraser M, Shaw ME, Anstey KJ and Cherbuin N. Objectively measured moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity is associated with gray matter volume in older adults. Exercise and Sport Science Australia - Research to Practice 2020 conference. April 2-4 2020, Perth, Western Australia. Oral presentation by Northey. *chosen as a finalist in the Early Career Researcher for Exercise Science & Health Award.

 * Quinlan C, Rattray B, Pryor DJ, Northey JM and Cherbuin N. The Active Australia Survey does not accurately predict the duration of physical activity in middle-aged adults. Exercise and Sport Science Australia - Research to Practice 2020 conference. April 2-4 2020, Perth, Western Australia. Poster presentation by Quinlan.

 * Martin K, Périard J, Rattray B, et al. Physiological interventions to promote cognitive resilience. 5th International Congress on Soldiers’ Physical Performance. February 10-14 2020, Quebec City, Canada. Oral presentation by Martin.

 * Martin K, Périard J, Rattray B, et al. The impact of environmental stress on cognitive performance: Commonalities and points of difference. 5th International Congress on Soldiers’ Physical Performance. February 10-14 2020, Quebec City, Canada. Oral presentation by Martin.

 * Rattray B, Flood A, Martin K, and Keegan R. Conceptualising what we need to consider to better study, plan for, and improve cognitive resilience. 5th International Congress on Soldiers’ Physical Performance. February 10-14 2020, Quebec City, Canada. Oral presentation by Rattray.

 * Northey JM, Rattray B, Pumpa KL, Pryor DJ, Fraser MA, Shaw ME, Anstey KJ, Cherbuin N. Objectively measured physical activity is associated with prefrontal cortex volume in older age. ActiveBrain 2020. 19th – 21st May 2020. Canberra, Australia. Oral presentation by Northey.

2019

 * Rattray B. When is mental fatigue observed? Interdisciplinary factors impact cognitive control. MFYF (Mental Fatigue) Sport Science Seminar, 6 April. Brussels, Belgium. Keynote speaker Rattray.

 * Northey J, Brassard P, Ikin A and Rattray B. Cerebral blood flow during high-intensity interval exercise in breast cancer survivors. Clinical Oncology Society of Australia Annual Scientific Meeting 2019. Adelaide, 12-14 November. Poster presentation by Northey.

 * Etxebarria N, Ross M, Clark B, Rattray B, Goecke R and Burke L. Quinine ingestion during the latter stages of a 3 km TT fails to improve cycling performance. 24th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science. Prague, Czech Republic. 3-6 July. Oral presentation by Etxebarria.

 * Rattray B, Filipas L, Martin K, Northey J, La Torre A and Keegan R. Endurance training improves tolerance to mental exertion in untrained individuals. Defence Human Sciences Symposium, Canberra, Australia. 19-20 November. Oral presentation by Rattray.

2018

 * Martin K, Périard J, Rattray B, et al. Physiological, behavioural and demographic factors which influence cognitive performance in military personnel. Defence Human Sciences Symposium. November 29-30, Perth, Australia. Poster presentation by Martin.

2017

 * Rattray B. Brain-based interventions for improving performance within the Thematic Session - The Soldier's Brain. 4th International Congress on Soldier's Physical Performance. Melbourne, Australia, November 28 - December 1, 2017. Oral presentation by Rattray.

 * Rattray B, Northey J, Ikin A & Brassard P. Cerebral blood flow during high-intensity interval exercise in cancer survivors. 3rd International Conference on Movement and Nutrition in Health and Disease. Regensburg, Germany, June 29-July 1, 2017. Oral presentation by Rattray.

 * Rattray B, Martin K, Hewitt A, Cooper G & McDonald W. Effect of acute modafinil ingestion on cognitive and physical performance following mental exertion. 22nd Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science. MetropolisRuhr, Germany. 5-8 July 2017. Poster presentation.

 * Martin K, Keegan R, Thompson KG, & Rattray B. Self-regulatory behaviours predict inhibitory control and maintenance of endurance performance with mental fatigue. 22nd Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science. MetropolisRuhr, Germany. 5-8 July 2017. Oral presentation by Martin.

2016

 * Northey J, Rattray B, Pumpa K, Smee D, Cherbuin N & Anstey KJ. A comparison between estimated physical activity from an open-ended self-report questionnaire and the SenseWear Armband in older Australians. World Congress on Active Ageing Conference. Melbourne, Australia. 28 June - 1 July 2016. Oral presentation by Northey.

 * Northey J, Cherbuin N, Pumpa K, Smee D & Rattray B. Exercise interventions for executive function and memory in over fifties: a systematic review with meta-analysis. 7th Exercise and Sport Science Australia Conference: Research to Practice. Melbourne, Australia. 14-16 April 2016. Poster presentation.

 * Pumpa K, Northey J, Smee D & Rattray B. Dietary intake in older Australians: Links to cognitive function? 7th Exercise and Sport Science Australia Conference: Research to Practice. Melbourne, Australia. 14-16 April 2016. Poster presentation.

 * Smale B, Rattray B, Smee D, Versey N & Northey J. Compression garments improve cognitive accuracy at high intensity cycling but not cerebral blood flow or time-trial performance. 7th Exercise and Sport Science Australia Conference: Research to Practice. Melbourne, Australia. 14-16 April 2016. Poster presentation.

 * Smee D, Walker A, Pumpa K, Cooke J & Rattray B. Validity of Body Composition Measures in Professional Urban Firefighters. 7th Exercise and Sport Science Australia Conference: Research to Practice. Melbourne, Australia. 14-16 April 2016. Poster presentation.

 * McGowan CJ, Pyne DB, Thompson KG, Raglin JS & Rattray B. Competition Day Strategies To Enhance Sprint Swimming Performance. 2016 Annual Meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine. Boston, Massachusetts, USA. May 31-June 4, 2016. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 48(5): Supplement. Oral presentation by McGowan.

2015

 * Martin K, Staiano W, Menaspa P, Keegan R, Hennessey T, Marcora S, Martin D, Halson S, Thompson KG & Rattray B. The brain of an elite athlete: Do physical training adaptations extend to the brain. Sports Medicine Australia. 21-24 October 2015. Sanctuary Cove, Australia. Oral presentation by Martin.

 * Martin K, Staiano W, Menaspa P, Keegan R, Hennessey T, Marcora S, Martin D, Halson S, Thompson K & Rattray B. Acute mental exertion does not affect time trial performance in elite road cyclists. European Congress of Sports Science Annual Conference. Malmo, Sweden. 24 – 27 June 2015. Mini oral Presentation by Martin.
 * Walker A, Keene T, Rattray B. Fat or Fit: Does body composition or fitness affect immune and inflammatory changes of firefighters in the heat? European Congress of Sports Science Annual Conference. Malmo, Sweden. 24 – 27 June 2015. Oral Presentation by Walker.

 * McGowan CJ, Pyne DB, Thompson KG, Raglin JS & Rattray B. Heated garments and dryland activation routines: the keys to improving spring swimming performance. European Congress of Sports Science Annual Conference. Malmo, Sweden. 24 – 27 June 2015. Mini oral Presentation by McGowan.

 * Walker A, Keene T & Rattray B. Is body composition or fitness affecting inflammatory responses of firefighters working in the heat? AFAC and Bushfire & Natural Hazards CRC Annual Conference. Adelaide, Australia. September 1-3 2015. Poster Presentation by Walker

 * Walker A, Keene T & Rattray B. Working in the heat increases platelet numbers and may increase the risk of a cardiovascular event for up to 24-hrs. AFAC and Bushfire & Natural Hazards CRC Annual Conference. Adelaide, Australia. September 1-3 2015. Poster Presentation by Walker

 * Walker A & Rattray B. Title to be confirmed. Institute of Fire Engineers- Annual Conference. Canberra, Australia. 8-10 October 2015. Invited Speaker Walker

 * Walker A & Rattray B. Title to be confirmed. Australian Strength and Conditioning Association – TSAC. Gold Coast, Australia. 6-8 Nov 2015. Invited Speaker Walker

 * Walker A, Driller M, Argus C, and Rattray B (2015). Immune responses of urban firefighters following work in the heat. 16th International Conference on Environmental Ergonomics 28 June 3 July, Portsmouth, UK. Oral presentation by Walker.

 * Rattray B, Northey J, Pumpa K, Smee DJ, Cherbuin N and Anstey KJ (2015). Objective Assessment Of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour And Sleep In Older Australians. 2015 Annual Meeting, World Congress on Exercise is Medicine, and World Congress on the Basic Science of Exercise Fatigue of the American College of Sports Medicine. 26-30 May, San Diego, California, USA. Abstract in Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 47(5) Supplement. Poster presentation by Rattray.

 * Rattray B, Egle-Marshall L, Northey J, Hone S, Smee DJ, and Brassard P (2015). Dietary Nitrate improves Cerebral Perfusion, in Young Adults during Exercise: Relationship to Cognitive Performance. Experimental Biology. 28 March - 1 April. Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Poster presentation by Rattray.

 * Walker A and Rattray B (2015). Perception and Reality; re-entry into fire scenes should be subject to physiological monitoring. AFAC and Bushfire & Natural Hazards CRC 2015 Conference. 1-3 September, Adealide, Australia. Oral by Walker.

2014

 * McGowan CJ, Rattray B, Pyne DB, Raglan J and Thompson KG (2014). Current warm-up practices and the contemporary issues faced by elite swimming coaches. be active 2014: Australian Conference of Science and Medicine in Sport. National Physical Activity Conference. 15-18 October. Canberra, Australia. Poster presentation by McGowan

 * Mitchell LJ, Rattray B, Saunders PU, Pyne DB (2014). Anthropometrical predictors of performance in elite age group swimmers. 19th Annual Congress of the European Congress of Sport Science. 2-5 July. Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Poster presentation by Mitchell.

 * Rattray B, Argus C, Martin K., Northey JM and Driller M (2014). Recovery and the brain: the missing link. 6th Exercise and Sport Science Australia Conference: Research to Practice. 10-12 April. Adelaide, Australia. Poster presentation

 * Rattray B, Northey JM, Clark CE, Ball N and Pumpa K (2014). Cold-water immersion as a repeat-bout modulator. 6th Exercise and Sport Science Australia Conference: Research to Practice. 10-12 April. Adelaide, Australia. Poster presentation

 * Martin KM, Rattray B, Ball N, Keegan R and Thompson K (2014). Mental fatigue does not effect subsequent short-term exercise performance. 6th Exercise and Sport Science Australia Conference: Research to Practice. 10-12 April. Adelaide, Australia. Poster presentation by Martin

 * McGowan CJ, Rattray B, Pyne DB and Thompson KG (2014). Additional dryland warm-up strategies improve sprint swimming performance. 6th Exercise and Sport Science Australia Conference: Research to Practice. 10-12 April. Adelaide, Australia. Poster presentation by McGowan

 * Walker A, Driller M, Argus C and Rattray B (2014). Does increasing age result in declining physical standards of firefighters? 6th Exercise and Sport Science Australia Conference: Research to Practice. 10-12 April. Adelaide, Australia. Poster presentation by Walker

 * Mitchell L, Rattray B, Saunders PU, Pyne D (2014). The Interplay of Critical Velocity and Anaerobic Distance Capacity. XIIth International Symposium on Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming. 28 April-2 May. Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, Australia. Oral presentation by Mitchell

 * McGowan C, Rattray B, Pyne D, Thompson K, Raglin J (2014). Use of additional warm-up strategies in the pre-race transition period enhances sprint swimming. XIIth International Symposium on Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming. 28 April-2 May. Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, Australia. Oral presentation by McGowan

 * Waldhuber M, Shield A, Rattray B, Cathcart S, Semple S, Magor-Blatch L, Kyle G, Naunton M & Cooper G (2014). Pharmacotherapies & Physical Activity. Pharmacy Australia Conference. 10-11 October. Canberra, Australia. Poster presentation.

2013

 * Walker A, Rattray B, Argus C and Driller M (2013). Physiological responses to design adaptations in PPC during simulated firefighting tasks. Science of Sport, Exercise & Physical Activity in the Tropics conference. 28-30 November. Cairns, Australia. http://www.jcu.edu.au/scisport/ Oral presentation by Walker.

 * Walker A, Driller M, Argus C and Rattray B (2013). The effect of different recovery methods in lowering core temperature following a simulated firefighting task. Science of Sport, Exercise & Physical Activity in the Tropics conference. 28-30 November. Cairns, Australia. http://www.jcu.edu.au/scisport/ Oral presentation by Walker.

2012

 * Rattray B, Steele J and Abhayaratna W (2012). Use of a short-term eccentric cycling intervention in the treatment of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics. 17th European College of Sport Sciences Congress. 4-7 July, Bruges, Belgium. Poster presentation.

 * Pumpa KL, Cormie P, Rattray B, Spry N, Galvão DA and Newton RU (2012). The effects of high and low load upper body resistance training on limb strength and flexibility in women with breast cancer related lymphoedema. 17th European College of Sport Sciences Congress. 4-7 July, Bruges, Belgium. Oral presentation by Pumpa

 * TBC Cormie P, Pumpa K, Rattray B, Spry N, Galvão DA and Newton RU (2012). Safety and efficacy of high and low load upper body resistance exercise in women with lymphoedema secondary to breast cancer: A randomised controlled trial. 5th Exercise and Sport Science Australia Conference. 19-21 April 2012, Gold Coast, QLD. Oral presentation by Cormie.

 * McGowan C, Rattray B and Lyons K (2012). Impact of controlled frequency breathing on performance and physiology in swimming. 5th Exercise and Sport Science Australia Conference. 19-21 April 2012, Gold Coast, QLD. Oral presentation by McGowan.

Pre-2012

 * Rattray B and Smee D (2011). Cognitive performance is facilitated by exercise, but during variable workloads, this may be at the expense of accuracy. BASES Conference: Fatigue; an interdisciplinary approach. 6-8 September 2011, University of Essex, United Kingdom. Oral Presentation.

 * Rattray B, Caillaud C, Ruell P & Thompson M (2009). Protection against calcium mediated mitochondrial dysfunction with pretraining. The Future of Fatigue in Exercise, An International Symposium on the Limits to Exercise Performance. July 2009, Blue Mountains, Australia. Oral Presentation.

 * Rattray B, Ruell P, Caillaud C & Thompson M (2008). Prior Eccentric exercise protects mitochondria from calcium overload following an acute eccentric exercise bout. From Cell to Society 6, The University of Sydney Heath Faculties Research Conference . November 2008, Leura NSW. Poster.

 * Rattray B, Ruell P, Hoffman K, Simar D, Caillaud C and Thompson M (2006). Mitochondria dysfunction during prolonged exercise in the heat. From research to practice, 2nd Annual Australian Association for Exercise and Sports Science (AAESS) Conference, 28 September – 1 October. Sydney, Australia. Presentation.
 * Winner - Best Oral Scientific Presentation - Exercise Science. Finalist – Young Investigator Award – Oral

 * Rattray B, Ruell P, Caillaud C and Thompson M (2006). Effect of passive heating on muscle mitochondrial function. From Cell to Society 5, The University of Sydney Heath Faculties Fifth Research Conference, 9-10 November. Leura, Australia. Presentation.

Presented by Rattray B at American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) Annual Conference, June 2003, San Francisco, U.S.A.
 * Roberts AD, Rattray B, Linaker KL, Montgomerey PG and Kusanik NW (2003). Validation of a field based incremental test for performance assessment in orienteers. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 35(5) s90. Poster.

 * Linaker KL, Martin DT, Lawton E, Rattray B, Kusanik NW and Roberts AD (2003). Physiological responses of well-trained cyclists to field and laboratory mountain bike simulations. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 35(5) s35. Poster. Presented at American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) Annual Conference, June 2003, San Francisco, U.S.A.

 * Rattray B, Linaker KL, Montgomerey P, Kusanik NW and Roberts AD (2002). Field-based assessment of elite Australian orienteers. Science for Success Congress, 2-4 October. Jyväskylä, Finland. Poster.

 * Linaker KL, Martin DT, Lawton E, Rattray B and Roberts A.D. (2002). A comparison of the physiological demands of well trained cyclists to field and laboratory mountain bike race simulations. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 5(4) Suppl. 39. Poster. Presented at Australian Conference of Science and Medicine in Sport, 12-16 October 2002, Melbourne, Australia.

CONFERENCES AWARDS

 * Best Scientific Oral Presentation – Exercise Science; From Research to Practice, 2nd Annual Australian Association for Exercise and Sports Science (AAESS) Conference (September 2006, Sydney, NSW)

 * Finalist – Young Investigator Award – Oral; From Research to Practice, 2nd Annual Australian Association for Exercise and Sports Science (AAESS) Conference (September 2006, Sydney, NSW)

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User:Khalinb ben

Hi. My name is Khalinb Benjamin. But i am known to friends as Ben, Benjii or simply Khaling.

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User:JBers/enes100/My Work3/HovercraftFansRunOnMotorShield

// Adafruit Motor shield library // copyright Adafruit Industries LLC, 2009 // this code is public domain, enjoy!

 * 1) include
 * 2) include

// DC motor on M2 AF_DCMotor motor(2); // DC motor on M1 AF_DCMotor motor1(1);

void setup { Serial.begin(9600);          // set up Serial library at 9600 bps Serial.println("Motor party!");

// turn on motor #2 motor.setSpeed(200); motor1.setSpeed(200); motor.run(RELEASE); }

int i;

// Test the DC motor, stepper and servo ALL AT ONCE! void loop { motor.run(FORWARD); motor1.run(FORWARD); for (i=0; i<255; i++) { motor.setSpeed(i); motor1.setSpeed(i); delay(3); } for (i=255; i!=0; i--) { motor.setSpeed(i); motor1.setSpeed(i); delay(3); } motor.run(BACKWARD); motor1.run(BACKWARD); for (i=0; i<255; i++) { motor.setSpeed(i); motor1.setSpeed(i); delay(3); } for (i=255; i!=0; i--) { motor.setSpeed(i); motor1.setSpeed(i); delay(3); } }


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User:Nobody60/Nils/Afterlife

<God Over the centuries, the Afterlife has been a topic of much theological discussion. Essentially there are five references outside such theology to a life after death: the quantum physics (Professor Dürr), the near death research (Pam Reynolds), the after death research (Karmapa), the reincarnation cases (Shanti Devi) and the statements of the enlightened (the clairvoyant).

Is There a Life After Death?
Quantum physics has proven by physical tests that a higher dimension in the universe exists (Alain Aspect)'''. The former head of the Max Planck Institute for Physics in Munich, Professor Hans-Peter Dürr believes that the brain by thinking forms a field of consciousness (quantum field) that can exist after the death of the body in the higher dimension further.'''

 * You are 78 years old. Do you believe in for afterlife? Is there existence after death? Professor Dürr: "That is an interesting question. What we consider the here and now, this world, is actually just the material level. The beyond is an infinite reality that is much bigger, which this world is rooted in. In this way, our lifes in this plane of existence are encompassed, surrounded, by the afterworld already. If I imagine that I have written my existence in this world on a sort of hard drive on the tangible (the brain) and that I have also transferred this data onto the spiritual quantum field (the spirit, the indepenendent consciousness), then I could say that I do not lose this information, this conscioiusness. The body dies but the spiritual quantum field continues. In this way, I am immortal." (P.M. Magazin 05/2007)

The Enlightened
Who is enlightened can, thanks to his expanded consciousness, look in the beyond and know the life after death.

Near death experience
Wikipedia: Near death research.''' The near death research confirms that the mind can think independently from the body. 1991 the 35 year-old Pam Reynolds underwent a brain operation. Her blood was routed from her brain and she was placed in a state of artificial coma. Her head was attached with wires to measure brain waves. It was ascertained that no brain waves could travel during this half an hour. The thought processes were blocked, and examined as no hormone release could occur. Hallucinations were not possible in this state. And it just so happened that Pam Reynolds had her out of body experience at this time.'''

'''She floated with her soul out of her body. She observed from above all of the details of her operation. She then floated through a tunnel to a world of light. There, she met her dead grandmother and other people. The beings there lived in a paradise dimension and possessed positive energy. With their energy, they strengthened Ms. Reynolds so that she could go through her operation successfully. In a BBC interview, Pam Reynolds explained that she had experienced the breath of God.''' (Video Pam Reynolds)

Elisabeth Kübler-Ross
The doctor Elisabeth Kübler-Ross published her book „Interviews with the Dying“ in 1969. This book consists of an extensive discussion concerning death in Western societies. Kübler-Ross stumbled upon the amazing fact that many people were able to encounter the other side during their brief deaths (before they returned to their bodies and to life).

During their lives on Earth, blind people can sometimes suddenly see from the other side. They can observe what happens on earth from the beyond. How could a blind person suddenly get knocked unconscious during the course of a car accident and then be able to see other people in the area of the accident and then describe the circumstances after being revived?

Especially well-known is the so-called dentures incident. An older man was taken to a hospital in the Netherlands to be operated. His dentures were taken out so that his throat could be more easily accessed. During the hustle and bustle of the operation, a nurse misplaced the dentures and couldn’t find them. Luckily, the man left his body during the operation and watched the nurse from above. After he returned to consciousness, the man was able to tell the nurse exactly where she had put his dentures.

In 1975 Raymond Moody wrote the book „Life After Death“. In this book, he documented the near-death experiences of 150 people. Many reported that after death they travelled through a dark tunnel and then arrived at a dimension of light. In the light world, they met holy light beings and even their already deceased relatives. They learned things they didn’t know before. After their near-death experiences, many people changed their lives completely and then oriented themselves around spirituality.

Many researchers have looked into the insight of Kübler-Ross and Moody. With a flood of arguments against these findings, the researchers tried to prove the near-death researchers wrong. The typical argument of such naysayers was usually that the near-death visions were biochemical (material) or psychic reactions of the mind caused by nearing death. Before death, it is alleged, humans have hallucinations. The brain reacts to death with a flood of hormones.

One of these main critics was Dr. Michael Sabom. After he read Moody’s book, he stated that he had looked into these matters thoroughly himself. He interviewed over a hundred patients, who after experiencing cardiac arrest, were revived. Sabom was amazed to find that these people had seen things outside of their bodies which they didn’t know before, that they witnessed things while unconscious.

The biggest scientific breakthrough for Sabom occurred in 1991. The 35 year-old Pam Reynolds underwent a brain operation. Her blood was routed from her brain and she was placed in a state of artifical coma. Her head was attached with wires to measure brain waves. It was ascertained that no brain waves could travel during this half an hour. The thought processes were blocked, and as such no hormone release could occur. Hallucinations were not possible in this state.

And it just so happened that Pam Reynolds had her out of body experience at this time. She floated with her soul out of her body. She observed from above all of the details of her operation. She then floated through a tunnel to a world of light. There, she met her dead grandmother and other people. The beings there lived in a paradise dimension and possessed positive energy. With their energy, they strengthened Ms. Reynolds so that she could go through her operation successfully. In a BBC interview, Pam Reynolds explained that she had experienced the breath of God.

The special aspect of the case of Pam Reynolds lies with the fact that modern measurement equipment showed that the consciousness of a person exists even when the stuff of the brain is shut off. This leads one to conclude that there must be an independent consciousness separate from the body. The body and soul are two independent manifestations of energy.

The case of Pam Reynolds was tested with many other patients. They confirmed Sabom’s results. It was confirmed that the near-death experiences were not only of a biochemical nature or simply brain processes. They are independent of age, gender, religion, and of country of origin of the involved people.

Opponents of the soul theory have only one remaining argument: clairvoyance. Pam Reynolds supposedly had clairvoyance at her disposal. She experienced her operation in the past, and therefore was able to describe the operation.

This argument can also be proven false when considered that most near-death patients are not capable of being proven as clairvoyant. Clairvoyance is a spiritual ability that only a few developed individuals possess. When hundreds of near-death patients are considered, only one is typically a clairvoyant.

Furthermore, clairvoyants also profess the existence of an afterlife. If Pam Reynolds is declared a clairvoyant, then it is logical to not only accept her knowledge of the operation, but also her report about the world of light. Clairvoyants can see the afterlife and therefore prove the existence of the other side.

When weighing the arguments, we must conclude that there is life after death. Scientific breakthrough occurred with the case of Pam Reynolds in 1991. Further tests (Pim from Lommel in Holland in 2001, Sam Parnia from the University of South Hampton in 2001) confirmed Sabom’s results.

In 2007, the German newspaper „Der Spiegel“ published an article which concluded that the eternal nature of the spirit is more probable than the simple extinguishing of the spirit with death. “Der Spiegel” was previously known for having an atheist position on these matters, and so showed a complete 180 degree changing on its views.

German Television on Near-death Research
In 2003, a program appeared on German television dealing with the topic of near-death research. Regine Kexel portrayed the arguments of the supporters and opponents of the soul theory according to the book Dimension Psi from Walter von Lucardou and came to the conclusion that there are many reports about near death research that cannot simply be ignored.

Regine Kexel presented the aforementioned arguments, and all the arguments of the opponents to the soul theory were refuted. The independence of the consciousness is currently the accepted view of science, in the words of Regine Kexel (translated from German): “Critics of near-death research are hard pressed to find a plausible reason for this phenomenon.”

According to her opinion, we are positioned at the very beginning of a large puzzle. Here is where the author must differ. Those who are concerned with spirituality already have an answer to the presented questions. The enlightened masters of the past and of today all have discovered the mysteries. One only needs to look further to find an answer to these questions.

For example, it is not entirely clear to the program moderator Kexel as to why not all those who brush with death go through have a near death experience as described. With adults, 30% go through this, and children to a percentage of 70%. The explanation for this is that most adults are so tied with their consciousness to their physical bodies that they remain in their bodies in these near death situations. Children have yet to really connect their spirits with their material bodies in such a strong way, and for this reason they leave their bodies more easily.

Careful consideration also raises the question as to why, when the reason for these near death experiences is only due to hormones and a lack of oxygen, and hallucinations, then do children and adults have such an unbelievable difference in the rate with which these near death experiences occur?

Another interesting aspect of the TV program is that experiences of hell were reported. Most near death experiences were reported as being positive. Only 10% of those researched reported an unpleasant world on the other side. They landed in a world of hate in which the beings there tortured one another, or they landed in a world of cold emptiness.

According to statements made by enlightened masters, the consciousness of a person before death is the same as afterward. On earth, some 10% of all people live in constant misery, and are considered to be unhappy people. They suffer from depression or sadness, or they are full of fear and aggression. When they take these negative psychic characteristics into the aferworld, they then encounter an afterlife which mirrors this negativity.

The positive souls in the afterworld could help them somewhat. The main way to salvation is to develop a positive consciousness in life. A spiritual life with meditation and thought exercises is a saving grace. Those who exercise spirituality can land in a world of light after death.

Many of the enlightened do profess the existence of a world of suffering in the after life. That does not change the fact that the overall nature of the other side is positive. The christian portrayal of the afterworld as being mainly a hell of sorts, where only a few souls land in light is not true. Even the beings who land in the world of suffering do not stay there forever. They are to be reborn on earth until they develop in and understand the way of light.

Often, experiencing suffering is the quickest way to the light. Suffering can trigger wisdom, and wisdom leads to a spiritual life. Most of those who have an easy and good existence on this earth do not bother with spiritual development. Those who suffer from fear and deppression would like to develop their inner happiness, and find themselves in bliss. Such individuals receive the motivation to search out a breakthrough into the light and to exercise spirituality.

The arguments of the atheists
The main argument of Gerald M. Woerlee (2005) is that Pam should have been awake during the operation. This argument is very questionable. With a heavy brain surgery one can not awake and can not follow the conversations in the room and watch the proceedings. Especially when the blood is pumped out largely from the brain, the ears stoppered and the eyes are connected, and a cessation of brain waves is measured. There are many cases of near-death experience and all to explaine by a wake at the operation is very questionable. Waking up in the anesthesia is 1.3 from 1000 people. Near-death experiences have about 30% of the people. So the near-death experiences usually can not be explained by an awakening during the operation.

Woerlee: ''I can look back on more than 20 years of professional experience as an anesthesiologist, and it has always fascinated me, how the body is able to create seemingly paranormal experiences. So I know that this experience was caused by the interaction of the reactions of Pam Reynolds’ bodies and their consciousness of her situation and her anesthesia.''

Nils: “Knowledge” is an unacceptable claim. You would have said better: “I believe …”

Woerlee: ''Sometimes the concentration of the anesthetics for a narcotic effect is not enough. These people stay awake: they hear what’s going on in their environment, they feel the work of surgeons and other persons and see what happens when their eyes are open.''

Nils: A wake up under anesthesia comes at 1.3 from 1000 people. Near-death experiences have about 30% of the people. So the near-death experiences usually can not be explained by an awakening during the operation. “If their eyes are open.” Pam Reynolds eyes were closed.

Woerlee: ''As Pam Reynolds during the operation several times was conscious, I suspect, however, that neither isoflurane nor enflurane were used as additional anesthetics. Without the application of these gases it is likely that the patient wakes up during surgery, and that’s what happened to Pam Reynolds.''

Nils: You simply assert without proof that Pam Reynolds is woken up several times during the operation. This is very unlikely.

Woerlee: The screech of the saw woke Pam Reynolds.

Nils: The saw does not have the volume of a chainsaw, but the buzz of an electric toothbrush. In a deep anesthesia one does not awake from this.

Woerlee: She could hear people talking to each other.

Nils: The ears were stoppered. It is very unlikely that she could follow the operation talks.

Woerlee: A malfunction of the brain, triggered by the interaction of anesthetics with the abnormal function of muscle fibers evoked the body experience.

Nils: That is a claim without sufficient evidence.

Woerlee: The high-frequency sound of the pneumatic saw, together with the subsequent feeling that her skull was sawed open, called in her memories the image of a device that looked like a dentist drill.

Nils: You use the term “safe” when you think highly speculative. You try to convince the reader your view of things. Pam Reynolds said, however, that she had expected a kind of saw. And she described previously completely unknown details: “I had assumed that they would open the skull with a saw. I had heard the term saw, but what I then saw reminded me more of a drill. There were also several small drills in a box that looked like the tool box of my father when I was a child.”

On closer inspection, the arguments of Woerlee dissolve. There are thousands of further researches. Who wants to know exactly, should familiarize themselves thoroughly in the research. I did that to me. And other people did so too and came to the same results as I.

The experts largely agree that there is no natural explanation. At the moment, the most speaks for the duality of the brain and soul. Even in science is hotly debated. There are different camps. There are the materialists and the holistic thinker. And that’s good. The result is progress.

---> Quote from the homepage of the Human base project in December 2009: The attending physician, Dr. Spetzler does not believe that Pam could know the facts from a previous observation: “There were the devices for her just not visible. The drills and the other things were covered or wrapped. They will not be discovered or unpacked, before the patient is not fully asleep. This is necessary to keep the area sterile.” “In this phase of the operation, no one can see or hear something. It is inconceivable that in this phase senses like hearing do work. Apart from that, we put earphones for the click test in her ears. There was no way for her to hear the talks.”

---> Review by skeptic Gerald Woerlee of Chris Carter

The death of the 16. Karmapa
Enlightened Tibetan masters traditionally stay in their bodies for three days after death. This is recognized by the fact that their bodies do not begin to decompose and that the heart chakra is warm. This fact can be explained with the continuation of life after death. The 16th Karmapa died in 1981 in a hospital in Chicago. He stayed three days after his death with his soul in his body and he showed the special abilities of an high enlightened. The body did not rot in that time and the heart region was warm. Dr. Levy cared for him until his death:

 * "Early the next day he died actually. We saw the change on the monitors. The heart pulse changed in a way, that clearly shows that the heart fails. (...) With all the drugs we could not get him high again. We continued to work, gave medications, and then his heart stand still. I realized that it was over. You could see his heart die on the monitor. This was the point when I gave up. His Holiness had been lying there dead about 45 minutes. We started to pull out the feeding tube, when I suddenly saw that his blood pressure was 140 to 80. My first reaction was that someone leans against the pressure monitor. It was impossible that he became alive again. Then a nurse screamed: "He has a good pulse! ! He has a good pulse." One of the older Rinpoche patted me on the back, as if he wanted to say:" It is impossible, but it happens." The heart rate of His Holiness was 80, his blood pressure 140 to 80th in that moment. No one said a word now. It was a moment of "That does not exist. It can not be." It was clearly the greatest miracle that I had ever seen. I mean, it was not only an extraordinary moment. It happened an hour after his heart beating had stopped. I ran out of the room to tell Trungpa Rinpoche, that His Holiness is alive again. I had the impression that His Holiness returned to try if this body can still carry his spirit. So he came back to see if his body was still usable. Only the power of his returning consciousness could do that."

 * „48 hours after his death, his chest was still warm. In this moment, my hands were both warm, and his chest was warmer than my hand. In order to test this, I moved my hands to the side of his chest, away from his heart, and there it was cold. I then felt the middle again, and above his heart it was warm. I pinched his skin and found that it was still elastic and completely normal. After 36 hours, the dead typically have skin comparable to dough. And his skin was still like that of the living after 48 hours. It was as if he weren’t dead. Shortly after we left the room, the surgeon came and said, „ he is warm, he is warm.“ And then it came to be that the medical staff asked again and again if he were still warm. It was naturally consistent to the traditional Tibetan experience. Developed individuals like his Holiness stay in their bodies after breath and heartbeat have stopped, within a state of deep meditation. After three days the Samadhi ended. It was recognized that his Holiness was no longer warm and that the process of death set in. After this, the atmosphere changed, it too became normal.”(Quotes buddhismus-heute.de)

Discussion Over the Death of the Karmapa
Nils: The Tibetan masters have considered how they can prove the existence of the soul beyond death. They prove this in that after physical death, the soul remains in the body for three days. Enlightened masters possess this ability. This is recognizable in that the heart chakra remains warm and the body doesn’t decompose, and the presence of the master can be perceived by sensitive people.

What is special in the case of the Karamapa is that he selected a normal, Western hospital in America, with average, everyday doctors as witnesses. Interesting is that the Karmapa had already “died” to the point where the doctors had given up and had turned off the measuring devices when the Karmapa returned to his body and lived on, according to the reports of the doctors responsible for treating him. These things cannot be explained in material terms. I don’t know of any account of this matter in which atheists could make some comment. They remain silent when presented with the facts.

Thale: All of these examples do not serve as proof for life after death.

Nils: Amit Goswami established that an information field (the Other Side, a quantum field, a higher dimension, consciousness field) must exist behind the material cosmos. That can be proven according to quantum physics. To get more into detail, I recommend the book “ The Conscious Universe” from Amit Goswami, and the book “God’s Secret Thoughts”, from Volker Becker. Even the String theory, which dominates physics at the moment, says that a higher dimension is recognized as existing in the material cosmos. A higher field of information is implied in the String Theory. The big question is only whether the human brain can really build an independent quantum field capable of existing in the context of a higher information field after death. Dürr implied it according to near death research. According to the Karmapa case and statements made by clairvoyants and enlightened individuals, it is likely. A complete change of point of view on the part of science is represented here, which most atheists have unfortunately failed to notice. I am here to change that.

Thale: The Karmapa case could have been the result of any number of things.

Nils: That’s right. But up to now, no one has been able to explain it. The continued existence of the soul after death is the most probable explanation up to this point. So long as the further existence of the soul after death is likelier than the non-existence of it, one should live oriented around this idea.

Thale: The Karmapa case proves life after death as exactly as it does the existence of an invisible unicorn.

Nils: You have a sense of humor. Your logical ability to think could still use some development, however. It doesn’t refer to the existence of invisible unicorns, but according to near-death research and quantum physics, for the existence of a soul independent of the body. The warmth of the chest after death in connection to an invisible unicorn can only emanate from the overactive imagination of a dogmatic atheist.

Thale: This phenomenon can neither be explained, nor conceived of.

Nils: For a dogmatic atheist it is inconceivable, because this atheist simply refuses to believe it. He would rather give up his understanding than his belief in atheism.

Thale: The Karmapa incident can also be attributed to genetic makeup, coincidence, imagination, through any number of things.

Nils: This statement proves your lack of insight. A warm heart chakra definitely cannot be explained through genetic predisposition. Who can think up such nonsense? Coincidence isn’t a very good argument either, particularly when said coincidence occurs again and again. The enlightened masters of Tibetan Buddhism spend three days after death in their bodies, and there are hundreds of examples of this on record. I also find it amazing that you refer to hundreds of other phenomena without giving sources. You are well-schooled in Sophism, but every sophist can be proved wrong with clear reasoning. I have also forgotten the point relating to imagination. The Karmapa died in a western hospital. That a doctor in such a setting would imagine a warm heart chakra and elastic skin, is unlikely. He examined the Karmapa thoroughly after death, because he could hardly believe his own observations. Furthermore, there are many similar cases and the rest of the hospital staff also saw the Karmapa.

Thale: Show me the evidence for the existence of an afterlife.

Nils: If you want evidence, look at near death research, the death of the Karmapa, the reports of the afterlife from clairvoyants and the enlightened, the experiences acquired through regression therapy, reincarnation research, quantum physics experiments (especially Alain Aspect, but many other experiments are described in the book by Amit Goswami). Parapsychology also indicates the existence of higher cosmic dimensions.

Thale: But you need to show us the basis for your knowledge that you use to prove the sceptics wrong.

Nils: The basis of the existence of the soul after death is the duality from the body and the consciousness. The soul is consciousness energy. The soul consists of thoughts and feelings. The soul is a cloud of consciousness that is in and around the body. The soul is an oscillating connection to a higher cosmic information field. The deciding point is whether there is such a higher cosmic information field. The experiments conducted in quantum physics speak in favor of this. The string theory also speaks in favor of it. The findings of near death research and the expriences of clairvoyants also refer to the existence of a higher information field. There are many indications for the existence of a higher cosmic dimension. When there is such a higher dimension, then it is quite possible that the consciousness of humans can also survive after death.

Reincarnation research
Wikipedia: reincarnation research. The reincarnation research approaches more and more to the fact that there are past lives. Thousands of reports were investigated. The witnesses could accurately describe the previous places and situations, although they were never there and had heard nothing about it in the normal way. The most well-known reincarnation researcher in the West is Professor Ian Stevenson from the University of Virginia. He examined over the course of 40 years over 3.000 reincarnations situations throughout the world. Often, he noticed similarities in behavior and bodily signals in line with the former incarnation.

One of the most well-known cases of reincarnation in India is Shanti Devi. She was born in 1926 in New Delhi and could remember her previous life as a house wife in Mathura. Although she was never in that location, she was able to describe her previous husband, her previous house, and the city itself. She could even remember where she had always hidden her money in her former life.

 * Nobody60, "My beliefs are based mainly on my own experiences. I have seen about thousand previous lifes in the course of my spiritual cleansing processes. After seven years as a Yogi, I was suddenly overcome by the wish to know my earlier life. I went back in my meditation to a previous time and felt resonance with a particular time. I felt a sort of resistance, and looked in that direction and could spiritually “see” four earlier lifes. After eleven years as a Yogi, many former lifes came in dreams to the surface of my consciousness. Differing from the conscious perceptions while meditating, very clear film-like scenes- appeared. I could see the details of the situations and the environment I was in at the time of the previous life. From the single pictures I could see geographical details."(The Science of Proving God’s Existence)

Discussion
Ulla: I want to talk about my out of body experience. Nils: Yes, that would be nice. Ulla: About 20 years ago when I had gallstones, I came into the hospital and was treated with laser. After this procedure, I wanted to phone with my mother and went to the ground floor. When I came out of the cell, I was suddenly dizzy and fell down. Then I saw my body from the ceiling on the floor. I (my soul) became curious and wanted to get closer to my body to see what was going on. At that moment I was pulled back into the body and woke up. I then went to the elevator and pressed the button for my floor. When the door opend, I tipped off the elevator. My soul flowed again out of my body and floated to the ceiling. This time many people were around me. They looked at me curiously, until the doctor arrived. He examined me and put my legs up. At that moment, I slipped back into my body. I was so happy about the experience, that I told the doctor that I was out of my body and would have floated on the ceiling. But the doctor did not believe me. Nils: It's hard for atheists to believe this. It destroys their whole world view. Ulla: I'm still very happy that I had this experience. Nils: You are an important witness for the independence of the soul from the body. Ulla: Thank you, dear! But I'm just a little witness. Some other went much farther than to the ceiling. Nils: Everyone has to start somewhere. Ulla: Some people reached already the paradise. Nils: It's true. The most important witness is Pam Reynolds. She has seen the light of God in the afterlife and learned that there is a paradise area. Ulla: Very good. Nils: She has also shown that her experience was real. She heard the doctors during her out of body experience and repeated the conversation later. Pam Reynolds could have heard the talk of the doctors only with her soul. Her ears were stoppered at her operation. While her operation she had no brain waves. And yet she has heard the conversation. Ulla: There is no better proof of it! Nils: How do you feel about dying? Ulla: I personally see it as a journey into a new life. Nils: Are you afraid? Ulla: I am looking forward to it.

Nils: I know my past lifes. And another Yogi in my acquaintance had the same typical short dreams. Many people knew things from their earlier lifes (eg Shanti Devi). Ulla: I remember, that I trotted in Neanderthal times with my clan through a muddy swamp. Nils: How did you remember this? Ulla: I meditated on the root chakra. Nils: Thereby you have resolved tensions from a previous life.

Ulla: As a kid I wanted to be an angel and to help all other living things. Nils: Perhaps you are indeed an angel. Do you remember your time in the afterworld before this life? Ulla: Unfortunately not. Nils: It is spiritually very good to live as an angel on earth. This creates good karma, and you can rise into the paradise in the afterworld. Those who live as a good are happier than persons who live as an egoist. Ulla: That is absolutely right. It's a wonderful feeling to do good! I just had a beautiful dream. I was in a rainbow room in the afterworld, where I received spiritual teachings. From there, I saw the hell with many suffering souls. And I saw the heaven with many happy souls. Between hell and heaven, there was a golden path by which people could rise up from hell to heaven. I got a pill that cleaned me up inside and made a happy Holy from me. Then I was transferred to the golden road, and I could help the souls on their way to paradise. On the road I met you. You were also a happy Holy.

Nils: I'm only an insignificant hermit with no special skills. But maybe someday God has mercy on me. Your dream is very beautiful. It was certainly a real vision that God has given you.

title: User:Nobody60/Nils/Afterlife