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Template:Gene project

=External links=

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

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User:Drenitor

My name is Diego Rodriguez and one of my major personal interests in life is learning and teaching, for through knowledge are improvement and wellbeing achieved.

title: User:Drenitor


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Gene transcriptions/Elements/Downstream promoters

The figure on the right is an overview of four core promoter elements: the B recognition element (BRE), TATA box, initiator element (Inr), and downstream promoter element (DPE), showing their respective consensus sequences and their distance from the transcription start site.

"The downstream promoter element (DPE) is a core promoter element ... present in other species including humans and excluding Saccharomyces cerevisiae. "

"Like all core promoters, the DPE plays an important role in the initiation of gene transcription by RNA polymerase II."

Gene transcriptions
"Transcription by RNA polymerase II is directed by cis-acting [close-acting] DNA sequences that typically consist of a core promoter along with regulatory elements, such as enhancers [trans-acting, or distant-acting, protein factors], that contain binding sites for sequence-specific transcriptional activator and/or repressor proteins."

Core promoters
"[T]he core promoter [consists of] the DNA sequences, which encompass the transcription start site (within about -40 and +40 [nucleotides] relative to the +1 start site".

"[T]he core sequence of the DPE is located at precisely +28 to +32 relative to the A+1 nucleotide in the Inr". It is located about 28–33 nucleotides downstream of the transcription start site.

"DPE-dependent basal transcription depends highly on the Inr (and vice versa) and on correct spacing between the two elements. "

Initiator elements
"There is a strict requirement for spacing between the [Initiator element] Inr and DPE motifs, as an increase or decrease of 3 nucleotides in the distance between the Inr and DPE causes a seven- to eightfold reduction in transcription as well as a significant reduction in the binding of purified TFIID."

Consensus sequences
"The DPE consensus sequence was originally thought to be RGWCGTG, however more recent studies have suggested it to be the similar but more general sequence RGWYV(T). In nucleic acid notation for DNA, R (puRine) stands for A/G (adenine or guanine, which are both purines); W (Weak) stands for A/T (adenine or thymine, which both form only two hydrogen bonds); Y (pYrimidine) stands for C/T (cytosine or thymine, which are both pyrimidines); and V stands for A/C/G. "

DPE-containing promoters
"The ... Drosophila Antennapedia P2 (Antp P2) [promoter contains] a 7-nucleotide sequence that conforms to the DPE consensus". GeneID: 40835 Antp Antennapedia [Drosophila melanogaster] is also known as Antp P2. GeneID: 3204 HOXA7 homeobox A7 [ Homo sapiens ] is also known as ANTP and "[t]his gene is highly similar to the antennapedia (Antp) gene of Drosophila." As GeneID: 3204 is " highly similar to the antennapedia (Antp) gene of Drosophila", it may have a DPE like the Drosophila gene core promoter does.

"[T]he TATA-less Drosophila Abdominal-B (Abd-B) promoter [has a] partial DPE sequence". GeneID: 3205 HOXA9 homeobox A9 [ Homo sapiens] is also known as ABD-B and "[t]his gene is highly similar to the abdominal-B (Abd-B) gene of Drosophila." GeneID: 3205 may also be TATA-less and have a DPE.

General transcription factor II Ds
The DPE "is required for the binding of purified [general transcription factor II D] TFIID to a subset of TATA-less promoters".

"Photo-cross-linking analysis of purified TFIID with a TATA-less DPE-containing promoter revealed specific cross-linking of dTAFII60 [TAF6 GeneID: 6878] and dTAFII40 [TAF11 GeneID: 6882] to the DPE, with a higher efficiency of cross-linking to dTAFII60 than to dTAFII40. These data, combined with the previously well-characterized interactions between the two TAFs and their homology to histones H4 and H3, suggest that a dTAFII60–dTAFII40 heterotetramer binds to the DPE."

Hypotheses

 * 1) The DPE is not used to transcribe A1BG.


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User:OpenScientist/Open grant writing/Wissenswert 2012

Assuming that Wissenswert 2011 will be followed by a comparable initiative in 2012, ideas can be collected at User:OpenScientist/Open grant writing/Wissenswert 2012/Ideas.


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User:OpenScientist/Open grant writing/Wissenswert 2012/Ideas

 * Bring type specimens onto Wikimedia


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Category:Grammatical form templates

These templates can be used to display phrases with a given grammatical form. They show structure and provide links to Wiktionary for definitions and Wikipedia for more information about the parts of speech.

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Template:DT NN NN CC NN/doc

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Progress and Prospects in Parkinson's Research/Therapy/Neuroprotection/GDNF

GDNF or Glial_cell_line-Derived_Neurotrophic_Factor is a protein that promotes the survival of many types of neurons. In rodents, GDNF has been shown to stimulate an increase in midbrain dopamine levels, protect dopamine neurons from some neurotoxins, and restore injured dopamine neurons. Trials have been conducted in human patients with mixed results but a Phase II trial is nearing completion (2016). GDNF will not pass the Blood/Brain barrier and therefore research has concentrated on optimising systems for accurately delivering it into the targeted areas of the brain.

Research
1996

Gash et al  evaluated the effects of GDNF injected intracerebrally in rhesus monkeys with Parkinson's disease symptoms induced by the neurotoxin MPTP.

The recipients of GDNF displayed significant improvements in three of the cardinal symptoms of parkinsonism: bradykinesia, rigidity and postural instability. GDNF administered every four weeks maintained functional recovery. Dopamine levels in the midbrain and globus pallidus were twice as high, and nigral dopamine neurons were, on average, 20% larger, with an increased fibre density.

2000

Kordower et al  injected GDNF into the striatum and substantia nigra of monkeys with Parkinsonism induced by the application of MPTP. The result was a reversal of the motor deficits in a hand reach task.

2003

Gill et al   delivered GDNF directly into the putamen of five Parkinson patients in a phase 1 safety trial, and noted a a significant improvement in PD symptoms after 18 months.

2009

Johnston et al tested the safety and efficacy of an adeno-associated virus (AAV2) encoding human glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in aged nonhuman primates. They noted:-

"AAV2-GDNF did not significantly affect dopamine in the ipsilateral putamen or caudate, but increased dopamine turnover in HD groups."

2010

Kells et al applied GDNF to rhesus monkeys previously rendered Parkinsonian with MPTP. They observed:-

"Progressive amelioration of functional deficits, recovery of dopamine and regrowth of fibers to the striatal neuropil."

Extensive distribution of GDNF within the putamen and transport to the severely lesioned substantia nigra, after convection-enhanced delivery (CED) of AAV2-GDNF into the putamen.

Biju et al took advantage of the fact that bone marrow stem cell–derived macrophages are able to pass the BBB and successfully delivered GDNF to the brains of mice. They were then able to demonstrate the rescue of these mice from MPTP-induced PD.


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Happiness/Laughter Yoga

<Happiness '''With more than 400 laughter clubs across the United States alone, and 6000 groups worldwide, laughter yoga is seriously taking hold as a "well-bumming workout". It's an infectious workout regime that helps you to stop taking things too seriously and to concentrate on the funny side of life.'''

Benefits
Laughter Yoga was started by Dr Madan Kataria in 1995. It combines gentle yoga breathing (Pranayama), stretching, and simulated unconditional laughter. When the laughter is practiced in a group setting, the laughter soon becomes genuine. Some of the benefits from laughter and Laughter Yoga include:

Health benefits: The health benefits of laughter are extensive. After laughing, the positive effects of laughter last up to 45 minutes, benefiting the cardiovascular system and reducing blood pressure;[6] indeed, studies have shown that people suffering from heart disease are 40 percent less likely to laugh in many situations compared to people without heart disease.[7] Laughter even speeds healing.

Stress relief: Laughter is a means to reduce anxiety and stress, as well as fostering a positive attitude and feeling of happiness. Within minutes of laughing, stress levels drop. It's an aerobic workout. Laughter Yoga workouts are good for your heart, diaphragm, abdominal, intercostal, respiratory, and facial muscles. As part of the "workout", endorphins are released, giving you a sense of well-being.

It restores playfulness in your life. Children laugh up to 300-400 times a day during their formative years, and this reduces to 10-15 times a day as an adult.

Laughter Yoga
Do not take things too seriously. Concentrate on the funny side of life. Go laughing through the day. Practice Laughter Yoga. Laughter is healthy.

1. Clap your hands = We clap our hands in front of the heart chakra. We focus on the stomach and laugh "Ho, ho." We focus on the chest and laugh "Haha." Third, we change constantly between the abdomen and the chest up and down and shout, "Hoho, Haha, Hoho ...

2. Body = We lay our hands on the head and laugh in the head "Hehehe." So we can clean the head of tension. Then we lay hands on the chest and shout "Hahaha". We lay hands on the stomach and yell "Hohoho". We concentrate on the feet and trample with our feet on the ground: "Huhuhu".

3. Laughing Wave = We bow the upper body to the earth. The hands are facing down. We focus on the ground. The hands go to heaven. We wail like a siren: "Hahahaha." We make the laughing wave several times. We connect through our laughter heaven and earth.

4. Welcome laughter = Within a group, we keep eye contact and laugh, until all people are happy. At home we look in the mirror and welcome ourselves. When we look into the mirror there is always something to laugh about.

5. Hands to heaven = We extend our hands to the heaven, concentrate on our chest and laugh a minute "Hahaha."

6. Happy Mantra = We think the mantra: '''"May all beings be happy. Let there be a world of laughing." We see all people in the world and ourselves as a laughing Buddhas, laughing gods or laughing holinesses.'''

Videos

 * german laugh
 * Benefits of Laughter Yoga with John Cleese (BBC)
 * laughing yogi
 * Laughter Yoga Steps
 * LAUGHTER YOGA EXERCISE

title: Happiness/Laughter Yoga


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Happiness/The Five Principles of Health

<Happiness '''Being ill is not nice. Being healthy is better. The main principles of health are healthy diet, no drugs (alcohol, smoking, drugs, eating too much), regular exercise, adequate rest and positive thinking. We can easily integrate them into our everyday lives when we want it. These five principles of health give us a long, healthy and happy life. If we live by these principles, we can avoid most diseases. If we are sick, we become significantly faster healthy.'''

1. Eat healthy. A healthy diet consists of fruits, vegetables, cereals, milk, potatoes, pulses, etc. It is advised to eat little or no meat and much raw food (raw fruits and vegetables). Raw food gives the body lots of vitamins and minerals that protect him from disease.

2. Avoid drugs, smoking and alcohol. That causes many diseases and usually shorten your life significantly. Too many sweets (sugar, fat), lots of salt and lots of meat are also unfavorable. Don´t eat too much calories. You live longer, if you eat less (but not too less). Hear to your body. He knows what is good for you. Live wisely and stay healthy.

3. Do sports. Go walking, jogging, cycling, swimming once or twice a day (one half to one hour), to keep the body strong and healthy. It is also sufficient to train on an exercise bike (bicycle, treadmill) or to do dynamic yoga (creativ hatha yoga) for half an hour a day. Or to go for a walk on the weekend for an hour. It is important, that the body is well warmed through (practice until a slight sweating). It kills disease germs.

4. Relax sufficiently. Stress should always be put away by adequate recovery periods, yoga or meditation. For the inner happiness, it is important to live in the right proportion of personal activity (work) and rest (relaxation).

5. Think positive. Avoid negative thoughts. Keep your mind through conscious control predominantly positive. Positive thoughts lead to positive feelings and positive emotions have a positive effect on your body. Motivate yourself with positive phrases and ideas. Read positive books and have a positive task (hobby).

Quote World online (Germany, May 2011) Who eats properly, may live up to 20 years longer," says the Jena nutritionist Michael Ristow. Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables, little meat and lots of fish. Meat is unfavorable. Ristow warns at vitamin pills. No amount of high-dose vitamin capsule can replace an apple with its hundreds of individual substances.

Quote Focus online (2008) ''Those who follows four simple rules of health, dramatically increases their chances of a long life. Four simple rules of conduct extend life by an average of 14 years: do not smoke, some sports, drink alcohol moderately and eate daily fruits and vegetables. British researchers have followed the fate of more than 20 000 subjects since 1993. This is the largest study on diet and health, which was ever made. The EPIC study (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) extends more than ten European countries.''

---> See also Portal:Health and fitness (Wikipedia)

Interview about Correct Nutrition
Interview with Prof. Dr. Dr. Karin Michels, University Freiburg/Germany (Quotes)

Is it better to eat cereals or lots of fruits and vegetables?

Professor Karin Michels: ''Fruit and vegetables are the best thing you can ever eat. Whole grains should be included on a healthy diet. Products made from white flour and sugar should be avoided, they cause diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular disease.''

A hot topic is meat. Can we even eat meat?

Professor Karin Michels: ''Red meat has no health value. You can easily do without it. Red meat promotes the development of cardiovascular disease and some cancers such as carcinoma of the colon. Vegetarians have a higher life expectancy and less cardiovascular disease. Therefore, red meat should be eaten not every day.''

What is the influence of alcohol?

Professor Karin Michels: ''Alcohol increases the risk for most cancers. Already a glass of wine a day increases the risk of breast cancer by 10 percent to 20 percent.''

Milk is regarded as healthy food. Is that true?

Professor Karin Michels: ''That's not my view. The milk we drink today is not the milk, our grandparents drank a century ago. The production has changed. To increase the efficiency, the cows are almost always pregnant, which is really not normal. The pregnancy hormones are always present in milk. So we drink large amounts of estrogen and progesterone, and these hormones promote the development of many cancers. So I would be very careful with milk consumption. Milk should only be enjoyed in reduced dimensions.''

Does the diet affect whether we die of a heart attack?

Professor Karin Michels: Nutrition plays a huge role by cardiovascular disease.

What is a healthy diet?

Professor Karin Michels: ''Fruit and vegetables come first, along with vegetable oils, whole grains, and fish. What is still very healthy are nuts. Nuts have a excellent composition of high-quality fats and proteins. Other healthy foods are the legumes, which also have a high protein and are high in fiber, and are very often neglected in the diet. If one puts all that, you get to a balanced diet.''

title: Happiness/The Five Principles of Health


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Internetworking

Welcome to Introduction to Internetworking

In this introductory section of the networking tutorials, you will learn and be able to :
 * describe the purpose and functions of various network devices
 * Select the components required to meet a network specification
 * use the OSI TCP/IP Models and their associated protocols
 * describe operations of OSI and TCP
 * differentiate between LAN and WAN

Let's get started!

Internetworking
The word, Internetworking, definitely brings to your mind much information. I am sure the first to come up will be the Internet. Yes! The Internet is also possible via Internetworking.

In our daily lives, internetworking has become part of us. You took a picture on your way home from school and try to share it with your friend. To do that, you will need to connect to your friends device, be it phone, computer or camera. Before the transfer of the picture actually happens, there should exist an agreement between your device and your friend's device. The devices must be able to talk to each other, so to speak. By so doing, your devices are able to share information, in this case, you are able to send to your friend that picture.

Internetworking is a combination of the words inter (which also means "between") and networking is the practice of connecting a computer network with other networks through the use of gateways that provide a common method of routing information packets between the networks. The resulting system of interconnected networks is called an internetwork, or simply an internet.

Please don't freak. The terms used in the above definition will be taught and explained in details throughout this course.

Internetworking became very important and have grown exponentially over the past 15 years. Internetworking had to evolve so as to be able to keep up with the huge increase in basic user needs such as sharing data and printers as well as more advanced demands such as video conferencing.

Now, lets consider how computers talk to each other. Its a very simple process and very fascinating.

Now, please refer to figure 1.1. How will computer name Rex communicate with Edna? Well, the two computers are all on the same Local Area Network. However, Rexford, cannot just send something out to Edna just like that. The first thing Rexford will have to do is to grab the Media Access Control address of Edna. What for? Simply put, without that, Rexford cannot send anything to Edna. It is the Media Access Control that ensures conversations or data transfer occur between intended parties only. And, fortunately, no networking device on earth today exists that hasn't got a MAC Address. In fact, MAC addresses are like names in the networking world. Have you ever wondered how you will get post mails if you had no name and your name was nothing? In like manner, networking devices use the MAC to know exactly where a particular information is coming from and where it is going.

The good thing of it all is that, there is the Domain Name Service (DNS) to help resolve hostnames into IP address. However, in the scenario shown above, since Rexford and Edna are on the same LAN, Rexford will just broadcast to Edna asking her for the information in which case DNS isn't needed.

Network Segmentation
No matter how big a network might be or seem like, it is segmented. There are levels in networks. Every level of the network performs certain functions that are dedicated to it. Even if other devices in different levels can do similar jobs, such tasks are best left for the dedicated devices. In connecting computers together or internetworking in the olden days, it used to happen via a dump networking device called the Hub. This tutorial would not actually delve into Hubs since they are basically not used in production environments are very dump when compared to today's networking needs such as speed and security.

With the segmentation, it happens via the use of devices like routers, switches, and multilayer switches

Before we get into the various works and functions of these segmenting devices, I will like to bring to board basic explanations on these: Broadcast Domain and Collision Domain

Broadcast Domain
A broadcast domain is a logical division of a computer network, in which all nodes or devices or computers can reach each other by broadcast at the data link layer. A broadcast domain can be within the same LAN segment or it can be bridged to other LAN segments.

I am sure you are familiar with the word, to broadcast. Well, it does not hurt if you find out in a dictionary like en.wiktionary.org. However, the basic idea behind broadcasting is sending something out without restrictions. Thus, in networking, we consider a logical (not literal) division of a network whereby it is possible for devices to send information to every other device in the network to be having a Broadcast Domain.

Don't force yourself too much to understand. During the span of this tutorial, its practicality will come home and you definitely will love how much understanding you will get.

Collision Domain
A collision domain is a section of a network where data packets can collide with one another when being sent on a shared medium or through repeaters, in particular, when using early versions of Ethernet. A network collision occurs when more than one device attempts to send a packet on a network segment at the same time. Collisions are resolved using carrier sense multiple access with collision detection in which the competing packets are discarded and re-sent one at a time. This becomes a source of inefficiency in the network. Please see the Animation1.1.

Now that we have a fair idea of these two basic terms in networking, lets move on to the specific funtions of the primary segmenting networking devices

Switch
Well, not the wall switch that turns on the light in our room. This is a networking device and that is its name. One thing we all should note about Switches are that, they are not used to create internetworks, i.e., they do not break up broadcast domains by default. Instead, they are employed in a network to add functionality to a network LAN. Its basic purpose is to make Local Area connections work better - to optimize performance and - providing more bandwidth for the LAN's users.

Another fascinating feature of Switches are that, they don't forward packets to other networks as routers do. Instead they only switch frames from one port to another within switched networks. Okay, you may be thinking, "What are frames?" I will tell you more about them in this chapter. I promise!

You need to know too that the difference between a switch and its brother bridge are just a few. Switches are like Multiport bridges. Whereas a switch will have about 24 ports on it, a bridge will have only a maximum of 4.

The capabilities of switches are very many. In fact, they serve real purpose in a network and serve a purpose that would be much difficult to be well handled by either a hub or its elder brother, the Router.

Router
A router is a device that forwards data packets between computer networks, creating an overlay internetwork. A router is connected to two or more data lines from different networks. When a data packet comes in on one of the lines, the router reads the address information in the packet to determine its ultimate destination. Then, using information in its routing table or routing policy, it directs the packet to the next network on its journey. Routers perform the "traffic directing" functions on the Internet. A data packet is typically forwarded from one router to another through the networks that constitute the internetwork until it gets to its destination node.

Routers perform an essential part in computing networks by breaking up broadcast domains. This is important because when a host or server sends a network broadcast, every device on the network must read and process that broadcast. However, when the interface of the router receives such broadcast, it can respond by basically saying, "Thanks but no thanks!" and will just discard the broadcast without forwarding to other networks.

There are two basica advantages of using a router and they are:
 * They do not forward broadcast by default.
 * They can filter the network based on Layer 3, i.e, the Network Layer information (e.g., IP address)

Furthermore, routers kind of achieve the same functionalily in a network such as listed below:
 * Packet switching
 * Packet filtering
 * Internetwork Communication
 * Data path selection

One thing we should note too is that, routers are in a way, switches - yes, Layer 3 Switches. We will get to understand more of the Layers in this tutorial. Just hold on tight.

As an administrator, you might be wondering getting switches to replace your hubs in the network. Well, it is recommended you do so since the switches will truly and really sensibly segment your network. Talking about efficiency, you will have it. Speed wouldn't be left out either. The best way to get traffic passing through your network with absolutely less or no high latency or increased overhead is to employ the use of switches instead of hubs. So, my dear friend, get your hubs replaced with switches and your enterprise network connectivity will never be the same. By getting routers included in the networking architecture of your enterprise will really pay off.

Internetworking Model
In the beginning of computer networks, only computers from the same manufacturer could communicate. So a device from company A when put in a network with devices from company B will just be a mess and no communication could be established. So a typical example is that, companies either run the DECnet solution or the IBM solution. Mixing them will be the starting for mixed confusion between the devices.

However, in the late 1970, the Open System Interconnection (OSI) reference model was introduced. It was introduced by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The basic aim of this standardization was to help vendors create interoperable network devices and software in the form of protocols so tat different vendor networks could work with each other. Like world peace. it will perhaps never happen completely, but its still a great goal.

This OSI model is basically the primary architecture model for networks since it describes how information are communicated from an application on one computer through the network media to an application on another computer. And by breaking this communication process down, its is known as layers.

The Layered Approach
A reference model is a conceptual blueprint of how communications should take place. It addresses all the processes required for effective communication and divides these processes into logical groupings called layers. When a communication system is designed in this manner, it’s known as layered architecture.

Every section or layer in the layered approach system has specific function(s) they perform distinctively of which the upper layer needs to function properly. It would be obviously ridiculous for the Application Layer to function correctly if the Network layer isn't in place or is functioning badly. Thus, the combined orchestration of these layers output better results and expectations are met maximumly.

The Layered approach really helps. Its helps software developers concentrate on building their applications and softwares without the worry of how their softwares are gonna communicate over the internet or how their software are gonna share data with other devices. Other than that, each programmer or software developer would have to program a distinct communication mechanism involving protocols and anything that will make the data communication between his device and other devices on the networ work. However, it isn't the case since developers are concerned with their softwares, and the layered approach does the rest. But, note that, the software developer willl have to make sure his software conforms to the OSI model which is an international standard. Otherwise, his software will only be the software on earth that isn't able to communicate with other devices.

title: Internetworking


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User:Hr.hanafi

Hello world

I am Hamid Reza Hanafi from Iran. I am a high school teacher. I have studied Electronic engineering getting a bachelor a couple of years ago. I teach computer science in high school.

Work in Progress

 * Introduction to Computers
 * IC3
 * Computing Fundamentals
 * Key Applications
 * Living Online

title: User:Hr.hanafi


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User:Fahmi 1234

my name is Zulfahmi ardiansah.

title: User:Fahmi 1234


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User talk:Fahmi 1234

457rhvvvvvvvvvvv

title: User talk:Fahmi 1234


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User:Dimtsit

This is a Wikiversity user page.

Barnstar
el:Χρήστης:Dimtsit

title: User:Dimtsit


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Happiness/Have a Happy Relationship

<Happiness '''Let's admit it. Relationships are not easy. Oh no, they are very difficult. Love and hate, what is it? So close to each other. But certainly also nothing is wrong. For everything in this universe has a meaning. We only cannot recognize it. Yes, living partnership is not so simple. If in the partnership the large and small crises pile up, the pressures in everyday life dominate, the stress at work determines us, if the talks only circle around problems, if the tingling dies by the daily routine, when sex becomes boring: then the question arises whether this is all in life?''' (a woman in the internet)

Wikipedia: ''Interpersonal love refers to love between human beings. It is a more potent sentiment than a simple liking for another. Interpersonal love is most closely associated with interpersonal relationships. Such love might exist between family members, friends, and couples. There are also a number of psychological disorders related to love, such as erotomania. Throughout history, philosophy and religion have done the most speculation on the phenomenon of love. In the last century, the science of psychology has written a great deal on the subject. (...) ''

The secret of a happy relationship
/The Seven Principles for Making Marriage Work/ is a book by John Gottman (see terminology). Gottman has, for 35 years, scientifically investigated the differences between good and bad relationships. The central finding of Gottman is that one needs to reinforce the positive aspects in a relationship if one wants to have a good relationship. The focus of the relationship must be working on the positive. It is not enough to communicate well and make good compromises. Gottman found that happily married couples behave like good friends, and they handle their conflicts in gentle, positive ways; and happily married couples are able to repair negative interactions during an argument, and they are able to process negative emotions fully.

Many psychologists have difficulties with their relationships. It is not the psychologists who have good relations, but spiritual people. This is the result of modern happiness research. We must therefore strengthen the focus on spirituality in our relationships if we want to achieve happy relationships. We should also learn to communicate well and to make compromises. But most important is that we are centered in positive thinking (in the five qualities, wisdom, peace, love, strength and happiness).

The first secret of a happy relationship is to Gottman, to open up to one's partner. One has to really want a good relationship. One must give the relationship and one's partner a sufficient space in one's life.

The second secret is to think positively about one's partner. Every person, is out of himself, valuable. Who wants to have a happy relationship, should treat the partner with respect. Everyone has faults. One must learn to accept the mistakes of one's partner as part of the overall personality and focus on the positives aspects.

Gottman says about sex, both partners should be sensitive, find the right path for them. Typically, for happy couples is that they do not take differences in their needs personally. They view sex primarily as a way of near-contact. They do not define themselves by it. They hold sex not for the most important thing in their life. They have another point from where they define their life.

As an example of different sexual needs Gottman calls Mike and Lynne. Mike wanted to have sex several times a week. Lynne wanted sex once a week or even less. Mike was frustrated and felt rejected. But the more he sat Lynne under pressure, the lower was her interest in sex. Gottman suggested that the two had to get rid of their inner tension during sex. Internal tension is anti-pleasure. It blocks the desire for sex. In the long term it causes less and less interest in sex. Lynne overcame her inner tension by becoming the boss about sexuality. She could now direct the evenings. She could decide when they made sex and what they do. Lynne began to feel safe. She could live her needs and got slowly more and more pleasure in having sex. Over time, her interest in sex was a little bigger. The couple had sex more often than before. Mostly they had sex about once a week.

Another secret to a happy relationship is the ability of both partners, to see not solvable problems as a normal part of any relationship. If we are anchored in the way of inner happiness, we can flow positively with the insoluble problems of our relationships. The pain points in a relationship, giving us the opportunity to grow in our inner happiness. Suffering and difficulties allow the partners to grow in the qualities of compassion and equanimity. This creates enlightenment. Suffering and difficulties in a relationship are a path to enlightenment, if we combine it with sufficient spiritual exercises (meditation, mind work). Then we rise above all the problems into a state of permanent deep bliss, even if the problems persist.

Twenty-two ideas
In every relationship both partners should be very sensitive to their special way to find a happy relationship. And consistently pursue it the long term. Happiness research (Arnold Lazarus, John Gottman) has investigated how relationships work in the long term. The most important rules are: 1. ''' A good relationship takes work. ''' It is a false belief that one can let go completely at home. It takes some effort to make a relationship succeed. 2. ''' Live for yourself and your needs so that you feel good in yourself. ''' Do not work too much. 3. ''' Avoid criticism and negativity. ''' Make complaints factual, sensitive, at the right moment, and focused on specific behaviors rather than general character flaws. John Gottman's research concludes, "Couples who are happy in their relationship have a 5:1 ratio of positive to negative during conflict conversations and a 20:1 positive to negative ratio when just hanging out. Relationships have to be a very rich climate of positivity to feel good: lots of kindness, attention, interest in one another, affection, humor, good sex and so on." 4. Avoid cutting off your partner too often when they express their wishes. Say yes as often as possible. 5. ''' Solve conflicts constructively. ''' Clarify the precise factual situation. Think about different solutions. Find the good common ground. 6. ''' Regularly spend time doing activities that give you and your partner pleasure. ''' For example, sex, dining, travel, excursions and a common hobby. 7. Gladden your partner regularly with a little attention. For example, flowers, small gifts, hugs and affection. Tell him that you love him. Take him in your arms. Rejoice with positive words and gestures. 8. Avoid things that your partner does not like. Work on your own negative characteristics. 9. Fortify yourself adequately against negative behavior from your partner (for example tantrums, violations of positive life principles). Do not reward negative behavior. Stay in an neutral frame of mind or say "No". 10. ''' Be a good team. ''' A good relationship is based on teamwork. A good team has a common goal. It knows its way to success. 11. Be gentle with each other. Stay out of the way, if you are aggressive. Be calm and peaceful before you communicate with your partner. Be more gentle than aggressive. Love grows on the basis of non-violence, kindness, wisdom and gentleness. 12. Compliment each other. Men love admiration. Women love gestures of affection. 13. Be honest with each other. Live in truth. Truth is the basis of every good relationship. This is the most important factor of Love. Always believe on your Love and always be Honest 14. ''' Anchor your relationship with a positive principle. ''' Find a suitable name for this higher principle. Call it happiness, love, truth, spirituality, enlightenment or living in God. Connect yourselves regularly in all beautiful and in all difficult situations with your higher principle. Live in the center of your relationship from your higher principle. 15. ''' Forgive one another your faults. ''' Love means being able to forgive. Love means being able to apologize.

16. Have patience. Love means having patience.

17. ''' Do not demand too much from your partner or from life. ''' "Anyone who cannot limit his wishes becomes permanently unhappy. Who does not know his point of satisfaction will never be satisfied" (Epicurus).

18. ''' Take your partner as he is. ''' Everyone has strengths and weaknesses. No man is perfect. Love means to love your partner with his weaknesses. Accept the weaknesses in yourself, then you can accept the weaknesses in your fellow man.

19. ''' The main happiness of a person comes from himself. ''' Important for a lasting happiness are daily spiritual exercises such as yoga, walking, reading, reflection (introspection), positive thinking (cognitive work) and meditation. 20. ''' They who wish the happiness of all beings grow in their own happiness. ''' This is the highest spiritual wisdom.

21. Shift from complaint to request. Complaints have been found to be less effective than requests in getting your needs met, according to Terrence Real's The New Rules of Marriage. Instead of focusing on what your partner has done wrong, train yourself to focus on what he or she could do now or later that would be right.

22. Lead off discussions with soft startups. Briefly state your complaint, rather than going on about what's bothering you to the point that your listener stops paying attention; avoid blaming; start with something positive, if possible (e.g. "I loved it last week when you surprised me and had dinner ready when I got home from work. I’d like more of that"); use I statements (e.g. "I love it when you turn off the television and talk with me"); describe what you see happening rather than judging; talk clearly about what you need rather than expecting your partner to read your mind; be polite; express appreciation; take care of issues as they come up rather than storing them up for a bigger argument; and let your spouse know what you're feeling.

Evelyn and Nils
Nils met Evelyn in a dance club in 1971. Evelyn had blond hair and large breasts. Nils paid more attention to the outer appearance than the inner quality of women back then. Evelyn’s looks were very much to his liking.

Evelyn was searching for happiness in the context of a relationship. She was searching for the man of her dreams. For a time, she thought Nils could be just that man. Nils also tried to fulfill this expectation, but became overwhelmed after a time when attempting to live up to Evelyn’s idea of a perfect relationship. It’s hard to believe, but Nils wasn’t perfect. He was particularly inattentive when it comes to external things, and that annoyed Evelyn after a time. Evelyn studied to become a foreign language correspondent. She had a difficult family life growing up as her parents had constantly quarreled with one another. She wanted love, affection, and a feeling of security. She hoped to find these things with Nils that she had lacked in her family and herself.

Evelyn visited Nils often. They went dancing together, talked a lot, and were affectionate and physical with one another. After a half a year, they had sex for the first time, then again and again and more and more often. They wrote love letters to one another. A particularly lovely sentence from Evelyn read, “life is like a strong current. Everyone tries to hold oneself above water. Many do this alone, and others have someone they can hold onto. That is a wonderful gift.”

In their first year together, Evelyn and Nils were very much in love. That is normal. In the second year, they weren’t quite so smitten. That is also normal. In the third year, they began to fight a lot. That is unfortunately also quite normal in today’s world. Evelyn and Nils noticed that their relationship had reached a critical phase. They recognized that they had come to a turning point and that something needed to be done.

That was no easy task. Many couples first wake up to the reality of their situation when they first fully recognize the negativity that has rised between them. Then it is often too late to do anything about it. Those who can change their relationship dynamic in time, can often hold onto a long term happy relationship. But what exactly is the way to attain this long term happy relationship?

Evelyn and Nils tried to communicate better. They bought books about positive relationships and worked through these books together, but it didn’t help much. The center of their difficulties lay with the fact that Evelyn expected Nils to live up to the demands she placed on him to be the man of her dreams. She expected him to make her happy on a deep level. Evelyn did not search for this happiness within herself. Those who cannot find happiness within themselves, need a partner to fill this void. Those who cannot be independently happy need extra happiness from the partner and often therefore overwhelm their partner with such a heavy burden.

Evelyn and Nils didn’t know the way to achieve a happy relationship. A relationship often tends to be a sort of dependency, where those involved expect something from the other. They want love, sex, affection, security. When the relationship depends on wanting, the feeling of love becomes cramped and a constant power struggle ensues. The person who can fight the best gets the most. Love doesn’t stand a chance in such a situation.

In the beginning of a relationship, the constant need for love is normal. When the relationship becomes long term, it must be based on a more spiritual foundation. The basis of the relationbship needs positive characteristics such as wisdom, love, peace, and thoughtfulness. We need to anchor ourselves in a goal of inner happiness and not expect the partner to provide happiness. Often, we depend on outer happiness instead of looking for it within. We must find this within in order to provide positive thinking and a love based on giving. When we can live our relationship destinies out in such a way, we can be happy in the long term. We can grow in happiness and in love. A sort of love addiction burns out after a time. A love based on giving is true love and can grow without bounds. A pure heart chakra can open the individual up to the highest plain of enlightenment, until we are only love itself, and as such live love and radiate love into the world.

The way of superficial happiness is based on the tendency to expect to be happy through another person. This is the way of “addiction”. This means it is only destined to end in failure. Those who expect happiness from others will only be disappointed. At some point in time, the “honeymoon” phase is over and both people will revert to their usual tendencies. Most people blame the partner for their lack of happiness. They begin to fight or to draw back in frustration. We need to overcome this faulty philosophy of superficial happiness. Then we can live in long term happy relationships.

Evelyn got her ideas about the perfect relationship from Hollywood. Nils based his ideas on the psycho-analytic theories of Sigmund Freud. Both of these notions were incorrect and lead to unhappiness. Most actors, who live in the world of film, have unhappy relationships and split up constantly. The same goes for psychologists. The best relationships are to be had by those who care for the relationships with spirituality.

Instead of exercising positive thinking, Evelyn concentrated on Nils’ personality flaws. A spiritual person busies him or herself only with his or her own flaws and concentrates on the positive characteristics of others. The Yoga greeting “namaste” means: “the light in me recognizes and bows to the light in you”. Those who see positivity in others thereby awaken their own happiness. Those who fixate on negativity strengthen the negativity in themselves.

Evelyn saw the negative traits of Nils and this often enraged her. In the third year of their relationship, they had intense fights. Nils tried to understand what was going on. The sweet Evelyn had turned into a not so sweet individual. At some point, Evelyn began to see other men and Nils search for another woman. The happy fairytale came to a sad end.

Forgiveness
Woman: What others have done to me, I will not forgive. It is enough that I forgive myself. This must suffice. Forgiveness is only something for Holy.

Nils: It is not enough. You harden inside. You block your energy of happiness. You put this in all your future relationships. It is very important to obtain forgiveness. Even though it is sometimes very difficult. Forgiveness is something for Holy and Unholy, to become healthy inside. Jesus taught to love his enemies. The first step is to come to forgiveness. Without forgiveness, there will always be wars in the world. If you want peace, the world should learn to forgive.

Woman: Forgiving a person means to refer him to a subordinate level. That makes me bigger than him. Therefore, I do not forgive.

Nils: Who forgives, lets go of his ego. He rises with his fellows into the level of love, peace and light.

Heaven and hell
In the hell, people are living their relationships out of the selfishness. They enter into relationships in order to get something from your partner. They want security, contact, enjoyment and appreciation. Over time their relationship degenerates more and more into power struggles. Both try to get as much as possible and thereby they make each other more and more unhappy.

In heavenly relationships, people live love and giving. They are in themselves happy. In heavenly relationships people build a happy team. A happy team is working for the happiness of the world and for the enlightenment of both partners. It has a social and a spiritual task. Both partners help each other materially, emotionally and spiritually. They support each other on the path of inner happiness. In their relationship, the center is the inner happiness (spirituality) and not the outer happiness. They build their relationship on the values of truth, loyalty, love and peace.

In Buddhism, there is the image of hell. The people sit at the tables facing each other. They cannot eat anything because the spoons are longer than their arms. They can not take the spoon to the mouth. In the Buddhist heaven, people have also long spoons. But they feed themselves each other, and all are happy.

In heaven, people live the principle of love. In hell, people do not come up with the idea that there is a way of giving. In hell, people look for happiness in the wrong place. They do not even see the dishes.

The most important dish in the cosmos is the inner happiness. Who does neither know the path of inner happiness nor the principle of giving, will at long term never get a happy relationship. He will never really be satisfied with himself and the world. He will never come to deep inner peace and deep inner happiness.

In a spiritual relationship, we take care first well for ourselves. We make sure that our inner happiness grows in the long term. We pay attention to enough rest, enough time for ourselves and an adequate spiritual practice (yoga, reading, walking, meditation). We live the small giving. We give only as much as we have energy left. If we then one day are a Buddha (a self-realized soul) and have much happiness in us, then we can primarily give.

Children of the light
We are beings of the light. We are children of the light. The cosmos is our great mother and our great father. We play games of happiness in God and thus grows the eternal happiness of all beings. The problem with most of our fellow creatures is that they can not distinguish between good and bad games. Bad games often make happy the short term and unhappy the long term. Bad games are all games who focus of worldly desires.

If we anchor ourselves in external things, we always long for more. We become tensed inside, our inner happiness decreases and it takes everyone down. We are allowed to live the external things. We can have relationships. We can play relationship games. We are permitted to make us the outside world beautiful. But we must bring the spirituality at the center of our lives. We need to play our life games out of the focus of spirituality. We have to play on the basis of wisdom, love and peace. Only those games benefits us.

This is difficult to understand. There are many little devils in the world playing negative games. Little devils are always poor devils. They lack wisdom and they end up harming themselves primarily. We need many angels in the world who can teach the little devils to play in the right way. If the angels are centered in wisdom, in their spiritual practices and in all-embracing love, then they win and that will be good games for everyone.

title: Happiness/Have a Happy Relationship


text:
Happiness/Have a Happy Family

<Happiness '''In modern times we are experiencing a breakdown of families. The normal case is separation, strife, selfishness and aggression. Education is hardly taking place. The education is taken over from the television. It educates children predominantly to negative values. TV children make their parents, their fellow men and himself a hard time. They follow the false ideology of the outer happiness and thereby destroy their inner happiness and the happiness of their family.'''

Families lack the path of inner happiness. The basis of a happy family are positive values. These positive values must be fostered and promoted. This is in today's life no easy task. Most people are influenced by the negative values of television. A positive life in a predominantly secular society requires of us daily inner work. A wise education is neither too harsh nor too freely. It sets clear boundaries and gives the child at the same time sufficient space for self-determination. In the long term the goal is to let the child find his own way, yet also assume the responsibility as a parent to a positive upbringing.

1. Find a family vision. Describe family goals and dreams.

2. A happy family depends on teamwork. Create rules in your familiy.

3. Foster positive values. The most important values are love, wisdom, selfdiscipline, inner peace and happiness.

4. Work with a spiritual role model. Ultimately, the model gives us the strength to go a long-term path of positive life. Most people need the inspiration of a positive role model (Buddha, Jesus, the vision of a world of love, the vision of paradies, the vision of enlightenment, living in God). Each model includes positive stories. Often it is the stories that make a child related to a particular model.

5. Spiritual people are happier than unspiritual persons.

The greatest gift
The greatest gift we can give our children is a spiritual upbringing. We give them the knowledge of the path of inner happiness. We make them masters of life. We empower them to a happy and positive life.

A wise education is neither too harsh nor too freely. It sets clear boundaries and gives the child the same time a sufficient space of self-determination. The goal is to let the child long-term find his own way, but at the same time we live our responsibility as parents to a positive upbringing.

Each family can find their own form of spirituality. They can find their own spiritual ledger (their core doctrine), their own role models and their own rituals (daily exercise). They may develop a form of spirituality, with which they feel comfortable and that suits the family.

In our spiritual practice it is important that we keep in touch with our inner truth. The daily practice should not be an empty ritual. We can often creative find new words and try new exercises, so the feeling is real. Only true feelings cause spiritual growth. Only mantras with true emotional involvement lead us to self-realization.

Mother Teresa taught: "Children are the greatest gift of God." Buddha instructed all spiritual people: "Gather yourselves together. Gather together often and in unity. Be mindful of your thoughts. Love your fellow man in works, words and thoughts. As long as you abide by these rules, it is likely that you will come forward and do not have to worry about your life. "

Lasting happiness exists. The great treasure of spiritual knowledge exists. There are the sacred books in which the spiritual path is described in detail. There are the enlightened masters who help us from a higher dimension. Let our family and ourselves get the blessings of spirituality. May we never lose our spiritual path. May all people be happy. May the world be happy.

title: Happiness/Have a Happy Family


text:
Happiness/Be a Happy Single

<Happiness

Be a Happy Single
'''In today's society there is a strong trend towards separation. More and more relationships break down. More and more people are permanently alone. In surveys, about 10% of singles feel happy, 40% feel unhappy, and 50% see themselves in the middle. People in a partnership, to 40% feel happy, 10% unhappy and 50% in the central region. (Bernhard Grom (Autor), Norbert Brieskorn (Autor), Gerd Haeffner. 1987)'''

This shows that people are different. Some people feel happy as singles, some not, and most feel somewhere in between. However, there are four times more unhappy single people than people in a partnership. And most singles suffer from loneliness. The followings steps work for singles and people in relationships. Also people in relationships can feel lonely some times. Inner happiness is a good way for them too. But most important this way is for singles.

1. Process the loss of your partner. The first major step towards a positive single life is to overcome the loss of a former partner. Most people have had one or more relationships. The longer these relationships were and the more intense they were, the longer is the time of processing. We should live our grief completely. If we repress our grief, it will dig further into our subconscious. Talk with other people about your suffering. Forgive your partner and send him positive sentences. Want all beings in the world to be happy.

2. Meditate. Allow all our thoughts and feelings to come out. We let them come and go as they want. Only observe. Until they come of their own to rest.

3. Think positive. The way of positive thinking is to think about the meaning of life, to focus on positive goals and to overcome grief with positive sentences.

4. View the single life as an opportunity. Consider your single life as an opportunity for intensive growth to inner happiness. Make the path of inner happiness to the center of your life.

5. Live with a spiritual plan for the day. A spiritual plan is the great victory over boredom and the loss of meaning of life. The days are now filled. The schedule gives the single life a positive structure. It gives you inner strength and positivity. You live based on positive goals and will thus become internally positive. Find the spiritual exercises who awake your happiness every day. The most important spiritual exercises are yoga, walking, meditation, reading, and positive thinking (cognitive work). The spiritual way is a cleaning path. You clean your tensions with persistence and creativity each day, until one day you're living in permanent light.

'''It is very important for a single to see things clearly. The main happiness of a man is his inner happiness.''' It provides to 90% from her inner happiness, how happy a person in her life is. Who sees things clearly, focuses things right in his life. And then the single life suddenly become a godsend. According to Swami Sivananda the fastest way to inner happiness is to live alone and to practice spiritually a lot. Amma (Mata Amritanandamay) said that you will get ahead on the path of inner happiness five times faster when you live alone. Buddha even pronounced that the deep inner happiness (enlightenment) is difficult to achieve when you live in a relationship.

As a single one you have a lot of rest. This is a great burden and a great opportunity. Plenty of rest is the main path to enlightenment. Plenty of rest, and the inner tension dissolve almost by itself. '''Connecting a lot of rest with regular spiritual practice is the optimal way to enlightenment. Those singles who do not refuge from the rest, maintain many contacts with other people or constantly turn on the TV, but go into the rest and combine it with spiritual practices, grow into the inner happiness.'''

Enlightenment is a great grace for all singles. You are not lost. You can get to enlightenment in a relationship or as a single. But living alone usually offers significantly greater chance of reaching the goal. '''Living alone is the harder way of life. It is difficult for the most people to live alone. But a life as a single gives us the big opportunity to get enlightenment. Let's use this chance. Let us realize ourselves. Let us become enlightened singles.'''

Do Karma-Yoga
A great gift for singles is the path of Karma Yoga. He allows us to overcome our loneliness on a deep level. We can get into the energy of the all-comprehensive love. The center of the path of love is the goal of a happy world. We wish happiness to all beings. In our minds we are already seeing the goal of a happy world realized. We live with a positive vision. This gives us the power for a positive life. Our positive vision opens the gates of happiness within us.

The main practice of Karma Yoga is to send all beings every day light. We connect us every day with our friends. We connect us with all beings that touch us emotional. We think their names. We move a hand and send them love and light. We send light all over the globe. We wish that all people in the word will be happy. We wish a happy world. We wish a happy cosmos. We break through our isolation as a single. We live in a constant emotional contact with all other beings in the world. At some point, our feeling of loneliness will disappear. We are full of love.

We should manifest our desire for a happy world externally too. Otherwise, our subconscious mind does not believe us, and we do not really get deep into the energy of embracing love. There are many ways to help our fellow men. We can regularly do a little positive action. We can donate money to the people in the Third World. We can give a person a smile or a positive word. We may work in a non-profit organization. We should find a way of helping that suits us and what is practicable in our situation.

Computer Meditation
A guided meditation on the computer is a fast way of relaxation. Through simple yoga movements associated with positive sentences you can dissolve inner blockages and recharge your mind positive. Get peace, power, love and happiness in five minutes.

 * 1) Visualize yourself as a Buddha (Shiva) or Goddess of Love. Think or speak the mantra: "I am a  Buddha (Shiva). I am a Goddess of Love."
 * 2) Move a hand and send light (happiness, peace, love) to all beings: "I send light to ... (name). May all people be happy. May the world be a happy."
 * 3) Rub your palms in front of your heart. Connect yourself with the Enlightened (Saints) or God: "Om all enlightened Masters. Om inner wisdom. Please guide and help on my way."
 * 4) Get inner peace und rub your belly: "I take things as they are. I flow positive with my life."
 * 5) Put your hands on your legs or your belly. Calm your mind and speak (or think) one minute the mantra: "Om Shanti. Om Peace."
 * 6) Stop one minute every thought.
 * 7) Relax.
 * 8) Find a positive sentence: "My positive sentence is ... (Forward with love, peace, happiness and optimism.)"

 * The essence of spirituality is to build up inner strength, peace, love and happiness. Your inner energy can be awakened by positive visualizations in connection with mantras (positive statements, prayers).
 * On the spiritual path you're only successful if you always act in close contact with your personal truth and with a good feel for yourself. Practice the computer meditation therefore so that it fits for you personally and is good for you.

---> Video Computer Meditation (5 min.)

title: Happiness/Be a Happy Single


text:
Happiness/Have a Happy Old Age

<Happiness '''Old age can be a time of self-fulfillment and happiness. But it must be lived properly. Most people have the possibility to live themselves the first time in their lives. But they misunderstand self-realization as the way of acting out the external needs. Living the external needs is for a short time of interest, but in the long run, it's rather unsatisfactory. It does not really make you happy in the depths of your soul.'''

At old age, inner happiness must be cultivated. The path of inner happiness is extremely necessary. Old age often brings energy loss, disease, meaninglessness, and many external problems. The nerves get weaker, and the inner positive declines. At the old age it is necessary to make exercises every day to maintain the physical health and to strengthen the inner happiness.

1. Practice the five principles of health. Healthy eating (raw vegetables and fruit every day), avoiding unhealthy substances (drugs, alcohol, smoking, too much eating), doing sports (walking, jogging, swimming, yoga), positive thinking and meditating.

2. Do sports every day for one hour. Go walking, jogging, swimming, cycling, or do intensive yoga. Visit a health center or have an exercise bike. Sweat once a day and the illness goes away.

3. Read a spiritual book one hour a day. There are many good books who can inspire you on your way of inner happiness. Reading is the best trainer for a positive mind. Control your negative thoughts. Find positive sentences. Start every day with a positive vision.

4. Do yoga and meditation every day for one hour. Awaken your enlightenment energy. Calm your mind and he becomes positive. Find the spiritual exercise which are helpful for you. You can have every positive religion or philosophy you want, but you must practice it to get bliss.

5. Have a hobby. Life becomes positive, if we live with a deeper goal like enlightenment, God or doing good. Live as a world saver and help every day with your possibilities. Find your place and your task of doing good. Live in the energy of love. Do so much good that you get the feeling, that you are a mother or father of the world.

6. Have some friends. You can find friends in the internet, in spiritual and in social organisations. Meet one or more people regularly. Have a nice time together. Life is happy, if we have some friends.

7. Don´t fear of dying. Your spiritual exercises will help you to get through. Meditate, pray or think a mantra (Om, the name of an enlightened master or of God). After your death you will earn the great benefit of your spiritual old age. You will go into a dimension of light, peace and love.

8. Motivate yourself every day. In the old age thinking normally becomes negative. It isn't easy to get the motivation to do spiritual exercise every day. Find a way to get the power to live a positive life. Start the day with spiritual music or reading.

Yoga Walking
Yoga Walking is enlightenment while walking. This is the ultimate kick! This is health training, stress reduction and inner happiness in one. Yoga Walking is your daily pilgrimage into the light. If you really pilgrimage, the pilgrimage will you turn into a god of happiness. Go first rather quickly (power walking) and at the end rather slowly (slow walking).

1. '''When walking, stomp your anger into the ground. Let all the pent-up anger out. Think the mantra "Anger, Anger, Anger ..." What annoyed you today? Free yourself!'''

2.''' Solve them when walking your sadness. Feel in your sadness inside. What makes you sad today? Think several times the mantra: "I'm sad because ..."'''

3. Shoulders rotate. Solve the tension in your shoulders and your neck. In what way do you have to move the shoulders so that you achieve a good effect?

4. Spine rotation. Turn yourself when walking several times in the spine to the right and to the left. Also turn the head with.

5. Massage a healing color from head to foot in your body, and think the color name as a mantra. What color do you need now? "Orange, blue, gold, pink, red ..."

6. Concentrate when walking on the ground. Feel the earth. Think the mantra "Earth" and breathe a minute into your feet.

7. '''Move one hand and send a person a positive sentence. What do you want to say to him today? Think the phrase several times as a mantra. Send light to the world and think: "May all beings be happy. May the world be happy."'''

8. Imagine the numbers 1 to 20 in the head, chest, abdomen, legs, feet, and the ground (beneath the feet). Solve like so every day quickly and effectively the tensions in all major areas of the body.

9. '''Visualize a beautiful sun in the sky and clothe yourself with a golden ray of sunshine. Fill you with light and think many times the word "Light" as a mantra.'''

10. Stop all thoughts. Move five minutes when walking all the stress out of you, until your mind becomes calm.

11. Walk freely. Let all thoughts come and go as they want. Go the way you feel you want to do. Enjoy it. Observe how your mind becomes slowly positive. You are now back from your pilgrimage into the light. You did an important fact for your physical health and your mental well-being. Keep your happiness. The light will accompany you through your whole day.

12. '''Never give up. Your sense of life is to be happy, healthy and enlightened.'''

---> Videos The Right Walking Workout Techniques, Fats Domino & Ricky Nelson - I'm Walking (Music).

title: Happiness/Have a Happy Old Age


text:
Happiness/Happiness research

<Happiness '''Happiness research is the quantitative study of happiness, positive and negative affect, well-being, quality of life and life satisfaction. The field has grown substantially since the late 20th century.'''

Wikipedia: ''According to a review in Boston.com on August 23, 2009, money doesn't buy much happiness unless it's used in certain ways. "Beyond the point at which people have enough to comfortably feed, clothe, and house themselves, having more money - even a lot more money - makes them only a little bit happier." However we can sometimes get more happiness bang for our buck by spending it in prosocial ways. A Harvard Business School study found that "spending money on others actually makes us happier than spending it on ourselves".''

Psychologist Martin Seligman provides the acronym PERMA to summarize Positive Psychology's correlational findings: humans seem happiest when they have Pleasure (tasty foods, warm baths, etc.), Engagement (or flow, the absorption of an enjoyed yet challenging activity), Relationships (social ties have turned out to be extremely reliable indicator of happiness), Meaning (a perceived quest or belonging to something bigger), and Accomplishments (having realized tangible goals).

''There have also been some studies of how religion relates to happiness. Causal relationships remain unclear, but more religion is seen in happier people. This correlation may be the result of community membership and not necessarily belief in religion itself. Another component may have to do with ritual, according to a 2009 article in Frontiers in Evolutionary Neuroscience.''

The Ten Points of Happiness

The most important results of today’s happiness research can be summed up in ten points.

1. A Proactive Life is a Happy One

Happy people have positive goals and positive tasks. Proactive people are 15% more satisfied with their lives than more passive people. Happiness researcher Ed Diener explains, “happy people set goals for themselves again and again.”

2. An Active Life is a Happy One

Regular physical activity keeps the body healthy and makes the spirit happy. Daily walks raise the level of happiness 12%. David Niven says, “people who stay fit via sports are healthier, more positive, and more successful.”

3. Doing Good for the World is a Source of Happiness

Those who regularly do good things for others are 24% happier than those who only live for themselves. John A. Schindler wrote, “live as a giving person. Those who give are happier than those who only take. Those who give to others discover the beauty in the world.”

4. Rest and Relaxation Bring Happiness

The central point of a healthy and happy life is to find the balance between rest and activity. Besides, work, physical activity, and time spent with others, we need time to rest and relax. We need to get enough sleep. Scientific research shows that relaxed people think more positively and are happier. Every hour of sleep missed lowers the positivity one can experience during the day.

Where that point of balance between rest and activity lies, must be decided for oneself. Everyone needs to experiment a little to find this correct balance. We have to figure out how much sleep we need and how much relaxation time we need and at what speed we function at our best. We in the western world of „go, go, go“ who wish to stay happy and healthy, must also live extra clever. We need to organize our lives in an intelligent way to facilitate inner happiness and find one’s personal way to inner balance.

5. Positive Thinking

Those who think positively double their chance to realize happiness. Those who wish to be happy should think positively. The positive characteristics of wisdom, love, peace, inner power and joy in life should be set as the central point of one’s life. One should exercise a conscious decision to be positive. For example, we can ask ourselves, “ how can I go through the day in a positive way?”

6. Too Much Television Makes You Unhappy

Scientific research states, „ every hour of television lowers the general quality of life by 5%“. TV orients people around superficial things, and the concept of superficial happiness. It raises desire, increases aggression, and creates sorrow. Those who would like to grow in terms of happiness, should stop watching TV. (David Niven: Die 100 Geheimnisse glücklicher Menschen. München 2000, Seite 32 f.)

The way to positive TV viewing consists of : a) choose your programs carefully. Avoid negative films. B) Find the correct amount of TV. Children should watch a maximum of one hour per day of television. C) After watching TV, one should practice some form of spiritual exercise (such as yoga, meditation, walking, reading, contemplating the meaning of life). 7. Foster Friendship

Build on your positive circle of friends. Women who talk to others reduce their worries by 55%. Cancer stricken women who met with a group once a week raised their survival chances to twice as high as those who didn’t meet with a group. In the western world, there is a strong tendency towards isolation. There are many single and lonely people. People who have a good circle of friends are happier and not isolated. We should take care of our friendships and practice positive activities with them. 8. Facilitate Joy Those who can find little elements of joy in their lives can raise their overall happiness by 20%. Nils once felt bad and in order to raise his spirits, he ate a lot of sweets. His spirit brightened more and more. Then he visualized the sweets in his stomach and awakened his kundalini energy. He awakened a strong energy which quickly brought him back into the light. Nils learned to thus connect outer enjoyment with spiritual exercises. One then needs less sweets. Just a bit of outer enjoyment is enough for inner happiness.

9. Humor

Those with a good sense of humor raise their positivity by 33%. We should foster our sense of humor and learn to not take things so seriously. We should learn to laugh at our selves. Those who are able to do so, can live lighter and brighter. It is good to see cheerful films, read funny books, and to visit joyful people.

10. Self-Confidence

Happy people believe in themselves. They believe in their goals, their wisdom, and their power. They see themselves as winners. They know they will prevail in the long term. In a world of doubt, all followers of the way of bliss need inner strength in order to go about their way successfully. The followers of inner happiness need a clear anchor in terms of wisdom, self-discipline, and self-confidence to avoid being brought back by materialism and doubt.

The ethics of transcendence
Jonathan Haidt is an American psychology professor. He wrote the book The Happiness Hypothesis in which he combines ancient philosophical and spiritual knowledge with the latest happiness research. His main teaching is the ethics of transcendence (living in God). Psychologically, it is shown that a person has in his brain an area for experiences of God. The enlightened one is happier than an unenlightened. Religion makes you happy, if not lived too dogmatic and intolerantly.

Haidt sees himself as an atheist, who does not believe in God, but advocates for reasons of inner happiness and health positive spiritual values, "If we rely on balanced wisdom - old and new, eastern and western, liberal and conservative - we can choose directions in our life that lead to satisfaction, happiness and a sense of purpose."(Jonathan Haidt, page 315.)

Positive psychology emphasizes positive values
Sonja Lyubomirsky is one of America's happiness researchers. She is a professor and wrote the international bestseller The How of Happiness.(Sonja Lyubomirsky, The How of Happiness. 2007.) She wondered what one can do if one wants to get a happy life. She accepted that, after the current state of research about 50% of a given human's happiness level is genetically determined. About 10% of happiness is affected by external living conditions, but 40% of happiness can be influenced by the mind of a person.

According to Lyubomirsky, the secret of lasting happiness is to turn our attention mainly to that 40% and constantly maintain our inner happiness. We should exercise regularly, avoid negative thoughts and encourage positive thoughts, maintain our social relationships and have a positive task in our lives. Many studies demonstrate the positive effects of meditation on our happiness, "Meditate every day. Begin with five minutes and increase to up to 20 minutes a day."(Sonja Lyubomirsky, supra, 257th page.)

Sonja Lyubomirsky developed a twelve-point program for personal happiness. The main point for her is gratitude. We should focus on the positives in our lives and be grateful. We should live according to principles such as optimism, joy, helpfulness, forgiveness, good social relationships, good health care and a positive task if we want to achieve a happy and fulfilling life.(Sonja Lyubomirsky, ibid, page 103 et seq.)

A happy society
Richard Layard (born 15 March 1934) is a British economist. He was founder-director in 1990 of the Centre for Economic Performance at the London School of Economics. He argues that people in the West could live happier lives, if instead of focusing on the growth of the outer wealth, they concentrated on the growth of inner happiness. At the moment the unbridled selfishness destroys the growth of general happiness. People in the West need a new philosophy on the basis of the happiness research. The goal should be the greatest happiness of all.(Richard Layard, Happiness, Lessons from a New Science, page 142.)

Richard Layard stated, "Although the people in the West have for decades got richer, they have not become happier. (...) Studies show that people are not happier today than 50 years ago. And this is despite the fact that the real median income in this period has more than doubled."(Richard Layard, Happiness, page 13.) On the contrary, people are getting richer externally, and internally unhappier. The likelihood of suffering from a clinical depression is now ten times as large as a century ago.(Sonja Lyubomirsky, ibid, page 49)

Bhutan is a small landlocked country in South Asia, located at the eastern end of the Himalayas and bordered to the south, east and west by the Republic of India and to the north by the People's Republic of China. Gross national happiness (GNH) is a concept introduced by the King of Bhutan in 1972 as an alternative to the Gross domestic product. Although the GNH framework reflects its Buddhist origins, it is based upon the empirical research of happiness, positive psychology and wellbeing. The philosophy of happiness of Bhutan rests on four pillars: a healthy environment, a good economy, a democratic government and the anchoring in a positive religion / culture.

title: Happiness/Happiness research


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Happiness/Happiness and Enlightenment

<Happiness

Wikipedia: Enlightenment means in spiritual terms the word alludes to a spiritual revelation or deep insight into the meaning and purpose of all things or a fundamentally changed consciousness whereby everything is perceived as a unity.

Happiness Can be Learnt
Woman: To be enlightened and happy are supposedly abilities one can learn?

Nils: Being happy is doable. Happiness can be learnt. A person can raise his or her happiness by 40% with simple daily exercises. American researchers who studied the topic of happiness found that to be the case. Enlightenment occurs when a person dissolves his or her inner tension through spiritual techniques such as meditation and thought work. An individual can relax through exercise. Inner happiness then unfolds on its own. A person can work for the conditions best suited to enlightenment, but the grace comes from God. If a person practices spiritually long enough, he or she develops inner happiness. How quickly this occurs depends on the intensity and nature of the inner conflict.

Woman: To be “free from joy and pain“ is nothing I consider worth striving for.

Nils: An enlightened individual has feelings just like a non-enlightened person: feelings of grief and joy. He or she simply lives at a higher level of happiness, in general. He or she has more peace, power, happiness, and love. There are two ways to approach feelings in spirituality. Buddha based himself in a great feeling of inner relaxation, free from intense emotions. He rose above feelings like rage, sadness, fear, and joy. The Dalai Lama in comparison, represents a form of Buddhism which emphasizes feelings. He cultivates feelings such as all-encompassing love and empathy. I teach the allowance of feelings of rage and sadness in my yoga lessons. I practice regular anger, grief, love, and joy exercises. Many yoga teachers overpower such feelings. There are also various ways to go in yoga. Man: I can think for myself, and decide for myself. I don’t need help from enlightened people. Nils: I consider it a mistake to not accept help from enlightened teachers, but everyone has his or her own way. Help is voluntary. Accepting the help of an enlightened master has the advantage that the teacher knows the goal and can help people from straying from it. Without an enlightened teacher, it is more difficult to come to self-realization. Only a few people can find the correct way and reach the goal without a teacher. It is ok for a beginner to read spiritual books and to look for the wisdom within, but if you wish to make real progress, it helps to have a teacher. A bad teacher is harmful, but a good one can help bring people forward spiritually. We should first check out our teachers before we truly put our spiritual lives in their hands. I recommend that you center yourself in your own wisdom, and view the master’s wisdom as additional help.

Man: What ist enlightenment energy?

Nils: Enlightenment energy feels like light, water, or a magnet field around the person. It has the characteristics of peace, power, happiness, and love. When the person is pure enough on the inside, this happiness energy fills the body and the space around the person. He is then surrounded by an aura of holy energy. Enlightenment energy can be sensed. In science, it is often debated as to what it deals with. I experience it as consciousness energy. I can create this energy through my spiritual exercises and spiritually control this energy and transfer it to other people. I also got enlightenment energy from my teachers. The center of initiation in yoga is the transfer of enlightenment energy.

The Path to Inner Happiness
Inner tension and inner conflict occur when people prevent themselves from being at peace and from experiencing true happiness at a deeper level. This inner tension and conflict takes energy, destroys any chance for contentment, and lower one’s overall spiritual positivity. A highly tense and conflicted person tends to have negative thoughts. Love for oneself and others is blocked mentally and spiritually.

Inner conflict can mainly be traced to one’s childhood. In a conflicted society, where pressure to perform and competition is a daily reality engrained upon its members, a tendency toward conflict and tension is passed on from parents to their children during their upbringing. Parents live out their worries, doubts, fears, aggressions, addictions, and thus influence the spiritual development of their children. Other childhood sources of learned conflict stem from television. Tension in turn then comes from professional stress, strained relationships, divorce, and more, as these children grow up to face similar challenges as their parents face or once faced.

The good news is, whenever this inner conflict builds up inside, it can also be eliminated. The bad news is this can take quite a while. Whenever tension builds over the course of several years, it will also take years to relieve. It is always worth the effort, however, to take on the challenge of curing oneself of such inner negativity. For example, illness later on in life can be avoided as a life full of peace, energy, and positivity is a healthier one.

The amount of inner peace a person possesses correlates opposingly to the amount of tension in one’s body and spirit. The lower the tension, the more positive the life force present. Every person has the potential to find absolute peace and contentment. Everyone can achieve enlightenment. The only thing standing in the way of this goal is our own tension and negativity. Once these darker feelings subside, our inner positive energy grows.

A good way to go about curing oneself of this life force robbing negativity is to practice several spiritual exercises every day. We have to live in a way that facilitates a gravitation towards the light, instead of the dark. Most people in today’s day and age are on a march in the opposite direction. They live day to day feeling egotistical and stressed out. They live their lives focused on creating more tension and end up burnt out, sick, negative, and depressed.

Tension can reside in the body and the soul. The body and the soul are connected, and in order to relieve ourselves of inner tension, we should practice spiritual exercises for both elements. Inner happiness can manifest on a deeper level only when we cleanse ourselves of this inner tension. As people are very individual, no two have the same sorts of tension and negativity. Everyone should therefore experiment with said exercises to find what is best for him or her to direct one’s path in the appropriate way for him or herself to find inner happiness. True contentment can be found as one of the enlightened. The deeper purpose of life is to reach enlightenment.

The Five Basic Spiritual Techniques
Spiritually, humans can be compared to onions. Tensions and inner conflicts (inner stress) must be dissolved layer by layer. When one layer is peeled away, the next quickly appears at the surface until the inner core is revealed. At this point, a lasting inner joy is found, and the Yogi or Yogini lives in light.

Inner joy appears in a person when the tentions (Samskaras) in body and soul have been dissolved. We need exercises for the body (Yoga, Meditation) and for the soul (reflection, Positiv Thinking). Buddha developed a very simple yet genius practice. This consisted of “sitting, going, and thought practice.” This is the center of a successful Hatha Yoga Practice. You need body work (Yoga, walking), mental work (reflection, reading, praying, mantra) and meditation (sitting or lying). And everything in balance, in the right moment and with the right technik.

When one varies one’s activities between body work, mental work and meditation, the inner conflict and tension can be done away with. When a person only meditates, the spirit becomes dull and listless. Routine movement makes the spirit clear, keeps the body healthy and gives the person inner energy. If you only go or do Yoga asanas, the mind is restless. Inner happiness comes from inner peace. If the body is kept very quiet, well you can get into deeper dimensions of meditation. Meditation can be practiced either in a sitting position or lying down. Some people can meditate better when sitting, others when lying down. Those who fall asleep easily when lying down, should meditate by sitting. Those who cannot sit straight for a long time should practice meditation lying down.

In addition to periods of sitting and relaxing in combination with movement, working with the thoughts is important in getting rid of inner conflict. A Yogi or Yogini should develop his or her thoughts with love, wisdom, and self-discipline. He or she should learn to bring the thoughts into stillness, until the thoughts are always tranquil. Then he or she only thinks when thinking is required.

This basic model of stress resolution can be extended to the way of the five activities.The five activities are: lying down (or sitting and meditating), reading, walking (or Yoga asanas), doing good for others (work), and to enjoy life. There are two levels of meditation. The first level consists of purifying himself through visualizations, mantras, and breath exercises to activate the Kundalini energy. Then you stop all thoughts. The spirit comes entirely to rest. You let the thoughts and feelings come and go as they would. Suddenly peace and happiness appears.

Reading spiritual books helps to cleanse the spirit by helping let go of inner conflict. Everyone can read books to obtain spiritual inspiration. There are thousands of spiritual books available.

Another activity of those seeking enlightenment is movement, particularly cardiovascular sports such as walking, running, biking, swimming. Yoga is also a good form of movement. Even the Dalai Lama rides a stationary bike every day, for a half an hour. Swama Shivananda likes to take walks. There are appropriate exercises for everyone. Yogis living in caves developed the very well-known sun salute, for example.

The fourth activity is that of Karma Yoga (doing good). Karma Yoga opens the heart, gives inner power, and develops the consciousness towards all-encompassing love. Karma Yoga can be practiced one to six hours per day. Swami Shivananda recommended one hour, while Sai Baba is for six. Yogi Nils found three to four hours per day to be a good amount for him. Karma yoga can also be practiced by working people, but of course money is needed to exist in today’s world.

The fifth activity consists of enjoying life. We should bring joy into our lives. That opens our hearts, and brings light inside us. Everyone is predisposed towards something. You can listen to music, eat something delicious, read a good book, watch a movie, find time for your favorite creative hobbies, and so forth. It is important though, to pay attention to the amount with which we busy ourselves with enjoyment. Too much of a good thing is not a good thing, too little makes life sad.

Also, too much direct contact with other people during the development of inner happiness should be avoided. A yogi should find out how much contact with others is good for him or her. At a certain point, physical rest can cause the energy of a person to go inward. The person no longer has to direct oneself towards outer activities, and puts more worth on the inner spiritual cleansing, the dissolving of inner conflict, and the development of inner happiness. This turning point must be discovered by each yogi for him or herself. It is difficult to find and difficult to hold onto. Life energy tends toward an excess of activity or towards dullness. Both need to be avoided with daily exercised self-discipline. When we keep inner calm, inner happiness appears. We can develop our true selves, and our sense of life.

Yogi Nils spiritual techniques are simple. They consist of walking, reading, helping others, and lying in bed. Everyone can do that. The secret here is the right application of the right technique at the right moment. Then the inner tension dissolve and inner happiness appears.

Yogis know when they need which technique. When the body is dull and lacking energy, the Yogi goes for a walk. When he or she feels restless, he or she practices Yoga or meditates. When the spirit seems to rebel against the spiritual way, a book on spiritual topics helps to bring back the conviction towards enlightenment.

A Yogi senses the inner conflict and uses the proper techniques to dissolve the tension. That is usually what the body and soul wants the least at that moment. Wherever the neurotic tendency to feel repelled towards something is usually the way to the light. On the other hand, we need to sometimes give the body and soul what they would like, otherwise tension is built. The way to happiness requires a lot of wisdom and inner sensitivity. Yogi Nils asks his inner voice for spiritual guidance. He asks, “What is right at the moment? What is the way of truth? What do I need today? What do I want today?”

Nihilism or Holiness
Nihilist: I go more towards nihilism. I don’t believe in the holy. I don’t believe in righteous. Nils: That is a big mistake. There is an absolute righteousness. There is a cosmos and in the cosmos, there are particular rules. In the cosmos, there is an order of happiness. The point of life is to be happy. The task of all people is to be happy and to create a happy world. In the cosmos, everything develops towards a higher purpose. The highest is the enlightenment consciousness. The task of all souls is to develop towards enlightenment. Then, these souls will be one with the highest consciousness. There is an evolution towards enlightenment. I have experienced great pain and great happiness. The biggest happiness I experienced in enlightenment. The cosmos has given humans the ability to move to wisdom. I can therefore say I would like to avoid suffering to the greatest extent possible, and to realize a state of happiness as far as possible. Those who have experienced intense suffering and intense happiness in life, know their lives’ challenges. They know that there is a correct way to the correct life. This could be called the holy path. Nihilists are confused people who inflict harm on others. The task of philosophy is to overwhelm nihilism and to give people sense.

Yogi Nils
The goal is to combine inner happiness and a life in all-embracing love.

First you wake your Kundalini energy,

and then you help with your spiritual abilities the suffering humanity.

The goal is to combine enlightenment and compassion.

This is the teaching of Buddha, Jesus and all the highly enlightened.

May all people be happy. May the world be happy.

Meditate With Your Inner Voice
The most important thing in spirituality is the inner voice. The inner voice is the voice of your own truth and wisdom. It is your feeling of rightness. You combine your intellect and your feeling. Than you will find the way to yourself. Follow your own wisdom. Find your personal meditation practice. Do meditation like is it good for you. We sit in our meditation seat (cross-legged, heel seat, chair) and in our meditation posture (hands on the legs or in the lap). The eyes are open, half open or closed.

1. Light = We send light to the world. We send in particular light to the suffering people. We use our television as a window to the world and wrap all suffering people with light. We visualize the earth, move a hand and think: "I send light to ... May all people be happy. May the world be happy." 2. Model-Yoga = We put the hands together in our lap. We visualize ourselves as a Buddha, Shiva or Goddess. We move our toes a little and think the mantra: "I am a goddess (Buddha, Shiva) of peace. I go the way of peace. I live in peace."

3. Cosmos = We visualize the cosmos around us, a universe full of stars. We make large circles with our arms and think: "I take things the way they are. I flow positive with the live."

4. Master = We rub the palms in front of the heart chakra. We connect us with the enlightened masters and think: "Om all enlightened Masters. Om inner wisdom. I ask for guidance and help on my way."

5. Inner voice = What tells your inner voice now? "My positive sentence is ..." 6. Mantra = We put the hands in our lap. The back is straight and our stomach is relaxed. We bring our mind completely to rest. '''We think the mantra "Om" 5 to 10 times in our head, chest, abdomen, legs, feet. We think in the earth and in the entire cosmos: "Om Shanti, Om Peace ..."'''

7. Stop thinking = '''We stop a minute every thought. When thoughts come, we always push them away. Then we relax completely.''' Go forward optimistic. You will succeed in your life.

title: Happiness/Happiness and Enlightenment


text: Mobile Web Applications/ApxA

title: Mobile Web Applications/ApxA