text:
User talk:MariaMaljevac

 Hello MariaMaljevac, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random project.
 * Browse Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! If you're a twitter user, please follow http://twitter.com/Wikiversity. Jtneill - Talk - c 11:42, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

 Hello , you can call me Jacob Frank. I'd like to be your mascot and welcome you to Wikiversity. Even though I was a plain and untutored man back in 18th-century Europe, that still didn't stop me from contributing my ideas to the world. Neither should it stop you. As a religious leader who developed the doctrine of "purification through transgression," my advice to you is to be bold and to ignore all rules—yes, these are two of Wikiversity's official policies! Happy editing.

Motivation and emotion
Hi. Welcome to the unit and to Wikiversity! I look forward to learning with you and I hope you find the topic and the unit rewarding. Please feel free to let me know if you have any suggestions or would like help at any point along the way. Sincerely, James Neill, -- Jtneill - Talk - c 11:42, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:MariaMaljevac


text:
File talk:Molecular beam epitaxy pnl.png

Note: Possibly unfree per this. See also w:Template talk:PD-USGov-DOE. Adambro 13:21, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
User:Tgok~enwikiversity

Bold text Interested in identification and classification of Montana wildflowers, mushrooms and other flora.

title: User:Tgok~enwikiversity


text:
User talk:Tgok~enwikiversity

 Hello Tgok, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
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 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Give feedback about your initial observations
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! If you're a twitter user, please follow http://twitter.com/Wikiversity. --Ottava Rima (talk) 15:22, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Tgok. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Tgok~enwikiversity that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:45, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 06:24, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Tgok~enwikiversity


text:
User talk:Rajmagicman86

 Hello Rajmagicman86, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! If you're a twitter user, please follow http://twitter.com/Wikiversity. --Harrypotter 15:37, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Rajmagicman86


text:
User talk:Goldenyeroc

 Hello Goldenyeroc, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! If you're a twitter user, please follow http://twitter.com/Wikiversity. --Harrypotter 15:37, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Goldenyeroc


text:
User talk:Giri kumar~enwikiversity

 Hello Giri kumar, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! If you're a twitter user, please follow http://twitter.com/Wikiversity. --Harrypotter 15:43, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Giri kumar. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Giri kumar~enwikiversity that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:32, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 06:09, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Giri kumar~enwikiversity


text:
User talk:Rothron~enwikiversity

 Hello Rothron, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! If you're a twitter user, please follow http://twitter.com/Wikiversity. --Harrypotter 15:44, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Rothron. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Rothron~enwikiversity that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:42, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 06:20, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Rothron~enwikiversity


text:
User talk:Mike ramsey

 Hello Mike ramsey, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! If you're a twitter user, please follow http://twitter.com/Wikiversity. --Harrypotter 15:44, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Mike ramsey


text:
User talk:Enitsirk010

 Hello Enitsirk010, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! If you're a twitter user, please follow http://twitter.com/Wikiversity. --Harrypotter 16:02, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Enitsirk010


text:
User talk:Ms.edwards

 Hello Ms.edwards, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! If you're a twitter user, please follow http://twitter.com/Wikiversity. --Harrypotter 16:28, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ms.edwards


text: Category:Science communication

title: Category:Science communication


text:
User talk:Rembrandz

 Hello Rembrandz, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! If you're a twitter user, please follow http://twitter.com/Wikiversity. --Harrypotter 17:00, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Rembrandz


text: Template:Commons category

title: Template:Commons category


text:
User:Gabby57

I am: Creator (Designer and Developer) of Learning & Development Processes (Culture/Systems/Solutions).

I do: Coach leaders on using the T & D Process to manage intellectual assets for themselves and their employees.

My Vision: To Create a true Learning Organization of Self-directed Learners.

title: User:Gabby57


text:
User:Egm6321.f10.team3.roark

=About Me= My name is Jimmy Roark. I work for the Navy in Jacksonville, FL as a Civil Servant.

=Notes= Lecture 1
 * My Search Engine

=Homework Sandboxes=
 * Homework1
 * Homework2
 * Homework3
 * Homework4
 * Homework5

title: User:Egm6321.f10.team3.roark


text:
User talk:Jstech~enwikiversity

 Hello Jstech, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! If you're a twitter user, please follow http://twitter.com/Wikiversity. --Harrypotter 20:03, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Jstech. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Jstech~enwikiversity that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:40, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 06:12, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jstech~enwikiversity


text:
User talk:BorderReiver

 Hello BorderReiver, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! If you're a twitter user, please follow http://twitter.com/Wikiversity. --Harrypotter 20:03, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:BorderReiver


text:
User talk:Lsmith1963

 Hello Lsmith1963, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! If you're a twitter user, please follow http://twitter.com/Wikiversity. --Harrypotter 20:03, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Lsmith1963


text:
User talk:Amchapello

 Hello Amchapello, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! If you're a twitter user, please follow http://twitter.com/Wikiversity. --Harrypotter 20:03, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Amchapello


text:
User:Egm6321.f10.team3.roark/Lecture 1

Lecture 1 introduces Magnetic Levitation (Mag-Lev) and standard track and wheel high speed trains. The axial and transverse deformation of the guideway can be described.
 * {| style="width:100%" border="0"

$$  \displaystyle \boldsymbol \eta X  \eta :=  \left(      \frac{\nu^3}{\epsilon}   \right)^{1/4} $$     (1)
 * style="width:95%" |
 * style="width:95%" |
 *
 * }

title: User:Egm6321.f10.team3.roark/Lecture 1


text:
User talk:Egm6321.f10.team6.lee

 Hello Egm6321.f10.team6.lee, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random project.
 * Browse Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Give feedback about your initial observations
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! If you're a twitter user, please follow http://twitter.com/Wikiversity. --Harrypotter 20:04, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

HW test
test for HW1Egm6321.f10.team6.lee 12:57, 2 September 2010 (UTC)

Test
test Egm6321.f10.team6.lee 13:17, 2 September 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Egm6321.f10.team6.lee


text:
User:Egm6321.f10.team6.lee

Homework
Homework #1

Homework #2

Homework #3

Homework #4

Homework #5

Homework #6

Teammate page
Olga Calle

Charles Cook

title: User:Egm6321.f10.team6.lee


text:
User talk:Egm6321.f10.team3.roark

Hi:

My name is Jimmy Roark, I am in EGM6321 in Team 3. I work for
 * {| style="width:100%" border="0"

$$  \displaystyle \mathbb{N}\alpha \psi \oint \alpha \mathbb{C}\mid \$ \epsilon $$     (in Jacksonville)
 * style="width:92%; padding:10px; border:2px solid #8888aa" |
 * style="width:92%; padding:10px; border:2px solid #8888aa" |
 *
 * }

Code Cogs LaTeX editor:

--Egm6321.f10.team3.roark 20:05, 30 August 2010 (UTC)Jimmy

title: User talk:Egm6321.f10.team3.roark


text:
User:Neptune92

I'm a 17 year old senior in high school who lives in the United States. I collect video game consoles, and I currently have a GameCube, Xbox 360, Dreamcast, Super Nintendo, Nintendo Entertainment System, Nintendo DS Lite, and a Sega Game Gear.

Favorite video games

 * StarCraft w/Brood War (PC)
 * Diablo (PC)
 * Diablo II w/Lord of Destruction (PC)
 * Warcraft II: Battle.net Edition (PC)
 * Warcraft III w/The Frozen Throne (PC)
 * SWAT 3 (PC)
 * Rogue Spear (PC)
 * Descent w/Levels of the World (PC)
 * Descent II w/Vertigo Series (PC)
 * Total Annihilation w/The Core Contingency & Battle Tactics (PC)
 * Total Annihilation: Kingdoms (PC)
 * Star Wars: X-Wing vs. TIE Fighter (PC)
 * Star Trek: Starfleet Academy (PC)
 * Command & Conquer: Red Alert 2 w/Yuri's Revenge (PC)
 * Command & Conquer: Tiberian Sun w/Firestorm (PC)
 * Command & Conquer: Renegade (PC)
 * Command & Conquer: Red Alert (PC)
 * Homeworld 2 (PC)
 * Metroid Prime 2: Echoes (GameCube)
 * Metal Gear Solid: The Twin Snakes (GameCube)
 * Alpha Protocol (Xbox 360)
 * Geist (GameCube)
 * Resident Evil remake (GameCube)
 * Resident Evil 3: Nemesis (GameCube)
 * Resident Evil: Deadly Silence (DS)
 * Descent FreeSpace w/The Silent Threat (PC)
 * Genesis A.D. (PC)
 * MechWarrior 3 (PC)
 * MechWarrior 4: Vengeance (PC)
 * The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess (GameCube)

Favorite movies

 * Inception
 * Casino Royale
 * Zombieland
 * Star Wars
 * Twilight

Favorite TV shows

 * Stargate Universe
 * Buffy the Vampire Slayer
 * Angel
 * Star Trek: Deep Space Nine

Favorite books

 * Star Craft: Ghost: Nova
 * Star Wars: Young Jedi Knights
 * The Terrible Hours

Favorite foods

 * Lil' Chub
 * ordered pizza

10 countries
If I could visit 10 foreign countries, I'd visit these:

1. 🇩🇪 Germany

2. 🇨🇱 Chile

3. 🇫🇮 Finland

4. 🇱🇹 Lithuania

5. 🇯🇵 Japan

6. 🇰🇷 South Korea

7. 🇸🇬 Singapore

8. 🇬🇧 United Kingdom

9. 🇫🇷 France

10. 🇨🇭 Switzerland

Forums

 * Particle Cannon
 * LiveWire
 * Gaia Online Forums
 * 3DO Zero
 * MySpace Forums
 * x10hosting
 * The Twilight Saga
 * Raptr Forums
 * Xfire
 * myBB
 * BioWare Social Network
 * Civilization Fanatics Center
 * OnLive Fans
 * GPGnet
 * Electronic Arts UK Forums
 * CoolROM
 * Nintendo Forums
 * TAUniverse
 * StarCraft II
 * Bungie.net
 * PlayStation.com
 * Old-Computers
 * FED2k
 * Command and Conquer Forums
 * Command & Conquer Communications Center
 * Yahoo! Answers
 * The Bronze: Beta
 * Axis History Factbook
 * Historum
 * myYearbook Forums
 * Massive Action Game
 * Xbox.com
 * PMS Clan
 * GirlGamer.com
 * Frag Dolls
 * Craigslist

Other Forums

 * Planet Mac
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title: User:Neptune92


text:
User talk:Neptune92

 Hello Neptune92, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

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School of Game Design
Check this out: School:Game design! Harrypotter 00:08, 31 August 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Neptune92


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User talk:Lfschleder

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title: User talk:Lfschleder


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User talk:Gabby57

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title: User talk:Gabby57


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User talk:Tink22

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 Woof! My name is Jack Russell. I am a dog and a Wikiversity mascot. I am pretty new around Wikiversity. Perhaps we can learn together! Tail wag...

Motivation and emotion
Hi. Welcome to the unit and to Wikiversity! I look forward to learning with you and I hope you find the topic and the unit rewarding. Please feel free to let me know if you have any suggestions or would like help at any point along the way. Sincerely, James Neill, -- Jtneill - Talk - c 01:16, 1 September 2010 (UTC)
 * Check commons:Category:The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals -- Jtneill - Talk - c 07:34, 28 October 2010 (UTC)

-- Jtneill - Talk - c 00:08, 15 December 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Tink22


text:
User talk:Egm6321.f10.team5.oh

test

Homework#1

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title: User talk:Egm6321.f10.team5.oh


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User talk:VirtueBeing

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User talk:Fizum

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title: User talk:Fizum


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User talk:Syakirazwan32

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title: User talk:Syakirazwan32


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User talk:Mbentley

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title: User talk:Mbentley


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User talk:Egm6321.f10.team2.dube

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title: User talk:Egm6321.f10.team2.dube


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User talk:Olecalle

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title: User talk:Olecalle


text:
User:Egm6321.f10.team06.calle

Hi,

I am Olga Calle. I am a Master's program student. I study at the Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department.

title: User:Egm6321.f10.team06.calle


text:
EBP/Cooperative/Index 2/Abenaki

A

 * Asarum canadense

title: EBP/Cooperative/Index 2/Abenaki


text:
EBP/Cooperative/Index 2/Cherokee

A

 * Asarum canadense

title: EBP/Cooperative/Index 2/Cherokee


text:
Cooking/Recipes/Thai/Dessert

History
Thai Dessert Thailand have many types of desert from a long time since the name of Thailand is Siam and communicated the trade with the foreigners such as China, India since Sukhothai time by selling product promotion for each other and also exchanged the culture in term of food style. And then in time of Ayutthaya and Rattanakosin, that since have a good developed the relationship broadly with other countries. Thailand took the foreign cultures to modify to suit with the condition of Thai local areas. The ingredients, the tools that they found and also Thai consuming behaviors that make Thai people in now confused about which one are real Thai deserts and which one are modified from other countries such as the desert that use the eggs and baking. During the reign of King Narai from Thaothongkeepma’s, Japanese came from Portuguese nationality who are consulates in Thailand in the past. Thai doesn’t got only Thong yhim, Thong yoad and Foi thong but they also gave more important things? with those deserts to be dessert auspicious. Almost of dessert Recipes often put in the spices such as Thong yhim, Thong yoad, and Foi Thong from Portuguese masgos of Scott. Thai deserts are unique in term of culture of Thailand that everyone knows well because they are the things that show the delicate how to make from raw materials to blend meticulous in colors taste and beautiful smell image, eating styles, and the process of eating. And each type of dessert, which also are vary according to type of dessert that a popular Thai dessert made every other sector of Thailand. In the various ceremonies of merit as the culture is usually considered dessert of eggs and it has the tips from the name and style of those desserts.

The kinds of Thai Dessert
Thai sweetmeat can be divided 7 types. According to the ingredients and process in making such as 1.	Thai sweet that use eggs is the main ingredient for example, Foi thong, Thong yib, Thong yod etc. 2.	Thai sweetmeat that make by steams for example, Kanom chan, Kanom sale, Kanom sai etc. 3.	Thai sweetmeat that make by boiled for example, Kanom tom dang, Kanom tom kaw etc. 4.	Thai sweetmeat that make stir for example, Kanom peak poon, Kanom tha ko, Sa lim etc. 5.	Thai sweetmeat that make bydrying and baking for example, Kanom ba bin, Kanom na nuan etc. 6.	Thai sweetmeat that make by fried for example, Kanom kong, kanom fak bua etc. 7.	Thai sweetmeat that make by grill for example, Kraw neaw ping, Kanom jark etc.

The ingredients of making thai Dessert
Kanom Chan Ingredients: •	1/2 Cup Tapioca Starch/Flour •	1/4 Cup Rice Flour •	1 Tablespoon Arrowroot Starch/Flour •	3/4 Cup Sugar* •	1/2 Cup Water, infused with Jasmine ** •	1 Teaspoon Concentrated Pandanus Juice (Pandanus is a genus of monocots with about 600 known species.) *** •	1/2 Cup Coconut Milk

How to make Kanom Chan
1.     Add 1 Tablespoon of water to Arrowroot Starch to create slurry. Avoiding this step resulted in Arrowroot clumps. 2.	Combine flower water and sugar, and heat till sugar is completely dissolved. 3.	Sift Tapioca Starch and Rice Flour together. 4.	Mix Arrowroot Starch, coconut milk, and sugar water into the flours. 5.	Divide the batter into two equal parts - should yield two cups total. To half of the batter, add the pandanus flavor. 6.	Steam a tray in boiling water. 7.	Add coconut only flavored batter to cover the bottom of the tray. Cook for 10-15 minutes until done (no visible liquid on the surface). 8.	Add pandanus flavored batter to cover the bottom. Cook for 10-15 minutes until done.

How to make Look Choop
1. Separate egg yolk only. Then use the bat beat eggs until the eggs beaten eggs full eight minutes about the Sift flour mixed with 1-2 times a hit-and-egg. Add to the flour gradually. Gently spoon the people put the same color แสด color eggs. 2. The mixing cup sugar 8 cups water 4 people to lift up the light filter with white sugar dissolved some Syrup divided into three sections divided in two parts took a drops again for the Soaking Syrup 2 drops complete the park to break up the heat to boil and rise 3. The egg mixture and then drops to a diamond. Use the middle finger sign and salad with water thumb Or any salad with a spoon. Drops until all the flour prepared to leave cooked if cooked flour will rise soaking syrup to dip into the break.

title: Cooking/Recipes/Thai/Dessert


text:
User:Hydroxonium

Please see w:en:User:Hydroxonium

title: User:Hydroxonium


text:
User talk:Hydroxonium

Welcome
Welcome to my talk page. Please place any messages below here. Thanks. - Hydroxonium 09:32, 31 August 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Hydroxonium


text:
User talk:Bogere~enwikiversity

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Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Bogere. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Bogere~enwikiversity that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:31, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 06:04, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Bogere~enwikiversity


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User talk:CarlSandstrom

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User talk:Frank.vanhoof

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User talk:EBruce

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 Hello , we are the Baah and Bahh twins and we'd both like to welcome you to Wikiversity. While you sit back and explore Wikiversity, enjoy some of our fresh goat milk. You can help us learn by creating new learning resources or help us by improving the guided tours and other exploration tools. We look forward to seeing you around. Baaaahbye for now.

Motivation and emotion
Hi. Welcome to the unit and to Wikiversity! I look forward to learning with you and I hope you find the topic and the unit rewarding. Please feel free to let me know if you have any suggestions or would like help at any point along the way. Sincerely, James Neill, -- Jtneill - Talk - c 10:52, 31 August 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:EBruce


text:
User talk:Sunnyslopes

I am looking forward to the Wikiveristy experience.

Hope to hear from other students soon.

Sunnyslopes

title: User talk:Sunnyslopes


text: User:EBruce

title: User:EBruce


text:
User:Egm6321.f10.team03.sigillo

Homework #1 Homework #2 Homework #3 Homework #4 Homework #5 Homework #6 Homework #7

title: User:Egm6321.f10.team03.sigillo


text:
Motivation and emotion/Book/2010/Hunger motivation

Overview
Hunger is a need experienced by organisms. Hunger and eating involve a complex regulatory system of both short-term (glucostatic hypothesis) and long-term (lipostatic hypothesis, including set-point theory) regulation (Reeve, 2009).

Hunger
Introduction. We eat food in order to meet the body's need for energy and nutrients. This chapter explores hunger as a source of motivation for eating behavior. Simple models of how eating behavior is controlled assume that the brain can sense and respond to the amounts of energy-rich molecules circulating in the blood and/or stored in parts of the body such as the liver and adipose tissue. It has been hypothesized that hunger is increased by low levels of energy-providing molecules in the body. Eating food reduces hunger and produces satiety. The figure shown to the right on this page illustrates the balance between hunger and satiety. When food is readily available, people often eat when there is no real physiological need to consume food. People learn to eat periodically in anticipation of the body's need for fuel and nutrients. We often have the desire to eat (appetite) when there is no need to eat (hunger).

Ingestion and digestion of food causes physiological changes that involve production of satiety signals that move from the gut to the brain. Between meals, the satiety signals decrease and physiological processes associated with hunger (such as contraction of the empty stomach) occur and produce consciously experienced sensations that are associated with hunger and motivation to consume food (see Ciampolini and Bianchi). This chapter reviews the the control of human eating behavior and the physiological processes that control the balance between hunger and satiety.

Simple models of the relationship between hunger and eating suggest that the body can modulate hunger and satiety by sensing metabolic parameters such as blood glucose levels (see glucostatic hypothesis, below) and amounts of stored fat (see lipostatic hypothesis, below). In most human adults, the control processes that regulate:

1) eating behavior and 2) the metabolism of energy-rich molecules

achieve a close match between the amount of consumed food and the caloric (energy) needs of the body.

Due to successful regulation of food intake and metabolism, only relatively small changes in body weight occur over long periods of time in healthy people. This maintenance of relatively stable body weight suggests the idea that there is a set point for body weight. This chapter explores motivation to eat with emphasis on the physiological mechanisms by which need to consume food is sensed and body weight is regulated. What is the relationship between hunger and changes in how the body metabolizes energy-providing molecules? The two important energy-storage molecules are glycogen (particularly in liver cells) and triglycerides (in fat cells). When carbohydrates are consumed, excess newly absorbed sugar molecules can be stored as glycogen. Between meals, glucose can be released from glycogen and used to meet the body's energy demands (see Figure 1). Triglycerides stored in fat cells provide a much larger energy reserve than does glycogen. Fat levels change more slowly than glycogen levels and the amount of stored fat correlates with long-term increases in body weight that are associated with obesity. If stored glycogen is depleted then the body can shift from reliance on carbohydrate as the main energy source to using stored fat molecules as an energy source.

Glucostatic hypothesis. The glucostatic hypothesis is that glucose utilization as a fuel molecule has an important influence on appetite and eating behavior. For example, it could be that declines in blood glucose levels cause increased appetite and trigger eating. Such a physiological response to low blood glucose could be part of a negative feedback control mechanism for maintaining adequate energy supplies in the body. Alternatively, declines in

1) the amount of stored glycogen and/or 2) decline in the ratio of utilizing stored carbohydrate to utilizing stored lipid for energy production

might function as orexigenic signals that enhance appetite (glycogenostatic hypothesis; see Melanson et al. for discussion of the glucostatic and glycogenostatic hypotheses).

There is evidence that sugar and lipid molecules from the blood can influence the behavior of brain cells (see below), but it is also true that changes in circulating levels of fuel molecules such as glucose are linked to changes in the levels of hormones. As indicated in Figure 1, blood glucose levels are tightly regulated in healthy humans and the concentration of glucose in the blood normally does not change very much. Blood glucose levels can increase during exercise due to feed-forward regulation, even while glycogen stores are depleted. It has been hard to demonstrate significant changes in brain neuron activity due to the relatively small changes in blood glucose levels that are typical of human physiology. Much research on appetite control now involves study of hormones that control metabolism of energy-providing molecules such as glucose. During short periods of fasting between meals, blood levels of the hormone insulin decrease and levels of glucagon increase (see the Stryer textbook). Glucagon shifts liver metabolism from storage of glucose as glycogen to the release of glucose from stored glycogen. This allows the brain to be supplied with glucose by the liver between meals. During digestion of a meal, insulin levels increase (see Figure 2) and insulin plays an important role in the control of liver cell metabolism to promote the storage of excess glucose as glycogen. In the short term, insulin and glucagon levels in the blood are largely controlled by blood levels of nutrients (sugars and amino acids). Nutrients such as glucose, when absorbed into the body following a meal, stimulate insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells to release insulin into the blood.

Insulin. Insulin has been studied as one of the many hormones that might play a significant role in how the brain regulates appetite and body weight in humans (for example, see Anthony et al.). During digestion of meals, when blood insulin levels temporarily increase, insulin may play a role (along with other hormones like PYY, see below) as an anorexigenic hormone that contributes to satiety and reduced eating behavior. Over longer time scales that are relevant to the long-term maintenance of body weight, there can be persistent changes in blood insulin levels. In particular, obese humans often have persistent elevation of insulin levels which allows blood glucose levels to remain normal in non-diabetic individuals who store unusually large amounts of fat (see Polonsky et al.). In one model of body weight regulation, insulin acts with leptin (see Figure 3 and below) to modulate the production and action of short-term hormonal regulators of appetite and body weight such as PYY (see Ahima and Antwi). The experience of needing to consume food is not tightly coupled to the storage of energy-rich molecules in the human body. After a meal is digested, blood levels of satiety-inducing hormones like insulin and PYY decrease and ghrelin (a stimulator of appetite, see below) levels increase. Between meals, people often experience a desire to consume more food even when levels of stored energy molecules are adequate. Thus, it is often easy for obese people to gain weight by eating when there is no real need to eat, that is, no actual hunger.

Blood insulin and leptin levels are usually elevated in obese individuals, but "resistance" to the effects of persistently high levels of these hormones is common. Resistance to the anorexigenic actions of insulin and leptin may play an important role in allowing body weight and fat storage to increase to unhealthful levels. Due to the many health problems associated with obesity, much biomedical research into hunger, appetite and satiety is concerned with the regulation of eating behavior by the brain in obese humans. In societies where hunger is rare it is important to understand how learning processes (for example, see Zhang et al.) build upon the basic physiology of hunger to produce modulated patterns of appetite and satiety that are associated with unhealthful eating behavior. Nutrients. In addition to hormones that influence how the brain regulates appetite and body weight, brain cells can be influenced directly by circulating nutrient molecules (see the recent review by Lam et al.). For example, some brain neurons change their frequency of action potential production in response to changes in blood glucose levels. However, some peptide hormone molecules such as leptin and ghrelin have been shown to reach brain neurons, particularly in the hypothalamus, and regulation of appetite and eating behavior seems to involve both the levels of nutrient molecules and the level of hormones in the blood. Much current research on appetite and regulation of body weight is heavily concerned with hormonal regulation of brain cell activity, either by:

1) direct hormone binding to brain neurons or 2) modulation of sensory neuron activity in the peripheral nervous system by hormones and nutrients acting at sensory nerve endings

with subsequent indirect effects (by way of sensory input) on the brain.

Hormones. Brain cell activity that is important for regulating metabolism, body weight and appetite has been shown to be influenced by several hormones. Three well-studied hunger-related hormones are leptin (reduces appetite), ghrelin (increases appetite) and PYY (reduces appetite). These hormones are released from fat cells (leptin) and the gastrointestinal (GI) tract (ghrelin, PYY) and they influence the activity of brain cells that regulate appetite. One target for these hormones is the hypothalamus, where neuronal activity is sensitive to leptin and ghrelin (see Figure 4). There is evidence that ghrelin and PYY influence neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the midbrain, which might be important for regulation of the brain's "reward system" by anorexigenic hormones. It has been suggested that leptin acts on the hypothalamus and indirectly regulates midbrain dopamine neurons (see Leinninger et al.) that are involved in control of motivation and eating behavior. Weight loss surgery. Results from study of bariatric surgery patients indicate an important role for signals from the stomach to the brain in the regulation of human body weight (see the recent review article by Pournaras and le Roux). Gastric bypass surgery is a successful treatment for obesity, resulting in dramatic weight loss for obese humans (see Figure 5). Some surgical procedures for weight loss are designed to inhibit absorption of food molecules into the body, but procedures that cause no change in the efficiency of calorie absorption are also effective. It appears that hormonal signals and sensory neuron signals from the gastrointestinal tract are important regulators of human appetite and body weight and these signals are altered by "metabolic surgery". The term "metabolic surgery" is used here to refer to effective surgical alterations to the gastrointestinal tract that are used to treat human obesity.

Ghrelin. Ghrelin is a peptide hormone made by the stomach. Levels of ghrelin in the blood normally increase between meals and levels fall after food is consumed (see Figure 2). In humans, if ghrelin levels in the blood are artificially increased (intravenous infusion) then more food is consumed and the test subjects report an increase in appetite (orexigenic action). Some evidence suggests that, on average, obese humans have less of a decrease in blood levels of ghrelin after meals, which might cause them to consume more food than non-obese people. In some cases, it has been reported that blood levels of ghrelin are decreased following "metabolic surgery" that alters the gastrointestinal tract, however, it might be that other signals passing from the GI tract to the brain are more important than ghrelin (see the recent review by Wisser et al.). Some of the effects of peripherally-synthesized ghrelin on the brain appear to be mediated by sensory neurons that have hormone-regulated activity. Ghrelin can also pass from the blood into the brain because the ghrelin peptide is acylated by the enzyme ghrelin-O-acyltransferase. The attached fatty acid seems to be essential for transfer of ghrelin across the blood-brain barrier.

PYY. Peptide YY (PYY) is produced mostly by the lower gastrointestinal tract (see the recent review article by Karra et al.). Some evidence suggests that PYY may partly mediate the reduced appetite and weight loss benefits observed in obese humans who are treated by gastric bypass surgery. Normally, blood levels of PYY increase following a meal (see Figure 2). Experiments that involve administration of PYY to human subjects indicate that it can reduce appetite and food consumption. There is evidence that following some types of "metabolic surgery", PYY levels are higher after meals, possibly contributing to enhanced satiety and, ultimately, sustained weight loss. It has been suggested that "metabolic surgery" enhances the signals that normally trigger PYY production following meals. Karra et al. discussed the idea that PYY probably acts in synergy with other gut hormones that cause satiety. A recent study by Field, et al. found additive anorectic effects of PYY and oxyntomodulin, two hormones released from intestinal L-cells after meals (see PYY3-36 and oxyntomodulin can be additive in their effect on food intake in overweight and obese humans). Lipostatic hypothesis. It has been suggested that fat cells produce a control signal that allows for negative feedback regulation of food consumption and body weight (see Brown, 2008). In "adipostatic models" of body weight regulation, adipose tissue produces a control signal in proportion to the amount of stored fat and high levels of that signal might inhibit eating behavior (see discussion by Ahima and Antwi) and prevent obesity. Leptin is a peptide hormone made by fat cells and it seems to function as a regulator of body weight. Leptin became a candidate "lipostat" signaling molecule because mutations in the human leptin gene (see Congenital leptin deficiency is associated with severe early-onset obesity in humans) and the human gene for the leptin receptor (see see Kimber et al.) have been reported to cause obesity. Similar results were first obtained using laboratory animals (see Figure 6). Leptin. Leptin appears to be efficiently transported by leptin receptor-mediated transcytosis across the capillary endothelial cell layer of the blood-brain barrier (see Pan and Kastin). Leptin receptors are present on some brain neurons. The leptin receptors in the hypothalamus, in particular, have been implicated in regulation of appetite and eating behavior, as discussed below. Peripherally administered leptin appears to cure congenital leptin deficiency (for example, see Farooqi et al.) and has been shown to cause weight loss in normal humans. However, administration of leptin has not proven to be a useful treatment for obesity (see the discussion by Foster-Schubert and Cummings).

Brain regions that are important for control of eating behavior. The vagus nerve carries control signals from the brain to the gastrointestinal tract that are important for stimulating smooth muscle contraction and secretion during digestion of a meal. The output axons of the vagus nerve originate from parasympathetic neurons located in the brain stem. The vagus nerve also carries sensory information to the brain from the gastrointestinal tract (see Figure 4). Sensory information from stretch receptors (important for sensing how full the stomach is) and hormone-sensitive nerve endings enter the brain by way of the the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) of the brain stem. Some regulation of GI tract function takes place at the level of the brain stem by means of reflexes that link sensory signals from the GI tract to the regulation of autonomic nervous system output signals that go from the brain stem to the GI tract. Sensory information from the GI tract is also sent to higher brain centers from the NTS, particularly the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus was shown to be important for regulation of eating behavior by lesion studies in experimental animals in which tiny parts of the hypothalamus were destroyed (for example, see Anand and Brobeck). Results from the lesion studies were interpreted as indicating the existence of lateral regions of the hypothalamus that function as a "feeding control center"; if destroyed, the animals had reduced food consumption. Destruction of more medial parts of the hypothalamus caused overeating and obesity.

Some early brain lesion studies also indicated that eating behavior could be altered by damage to midbrain neurons that are located not far behind the hypothalamus. When leptin was identified as an anorexigenic hormone, the brain was searched for neurons with leptin receptors. For rodents, there is evidence that leptin acts to modulate neuron activity in the midbrain VTA, the hypothalamus and the brain stem NTS (see the recent review by Myers et al.). The dopamine (DA) neurons of the VTA are thought to be important for regulating eating decisions, for learned eating behavior and for providing a pleasurable sensation when appealing food is sensed and consumed.

In current models of the control of eating, the hypothalamus functions to receive and integrate orexigenic and anorexigenic signals (see Figure 7). The arcuate nucleus contains neurons that are sensitive to hormones such as ghrelin and leptin. Neurons in the arcuate nucleus send axons to other parts of the hypothalamus such as the paraventricular nucleus and the lateral hypothalamus. The paraventricular nucleus is important for regulating both energy metabolism and digestive system function. The paraventricular nucleus also receives sensory information from the GI tract. The paraventricular nucleus can function as a center for integration of satiety signals that reach the brain by either sensory neurons or hormones carried by the blood. The lateral hypothalamus sends control signals to the VTA that are involved in regulation of eating behavior. The VTA and hypothalamus send regulatory signals to other brain regions such as the nucleus accumbens, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and the amygdala (Figure 8) that are important for control of human eating behavior, particularly in the context of learned patterns of food consumption that develop over a lifetime (see Piech et al.). For humans, Farooq et al. showed that leptin can modulate how the nucleus accumbens responds in test subjects who experience a desire to consume food, with the observed human brain activity changes corresponding to leptin-induced reduction in appetite. Summary. Hunger plays a fundamentally important role in regulating human eating behavior. The brain can sense circulating levels of nutrients such as glucose and respond to satiety-producing hormones such as leptin. Other hormones such as grelin promote appetite. The aversive sensations associated with hunger can be produced by physiological processes such as the empty stomach being stimulated to contract. Sensory nerves carry appetite-enhancing signals to the hypothalamus and hormones such as leptin and ghrelin bind to receptors on neurons in the hypothalamus and regulate their activity. The hypothalamus acts as regulatory center for receiving orexigenic and anorexigenic signals. The hypothalamus is linked by axonal connections to other parts of the brain (such as the nucleus accumbens) that allow for reflexive control of eating in newborns. The hypothalamus is linked to other brain regions such as the amygdala and the ventral tegmental area that allow people to learn how to avoid hunger. People are usually able to learn patterns and habits of eating that are appropriate for our environment and that allow us to maintain a healthful body weight. Most research into hunger and satiety is related to health-endangering patterns of eating behavior such as under-eating and over-eating that leads to obesity.

Cited resources
Recent review articles about ghrelin, leptin, PYY.
 * Textbook information about leptin. Leptin Secreted by Fat Cells Provides Negative Feedback to Inhibit Eating; chapter section from Molecular Biology of the Cell, 4th edition. Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts and Peter Walter (2002).
 * 1) Central nervous system regulation of energy metabolism: ghrelin versus leptin by Ruben Nogueiras, Matthias H. Tschöp and Jeffrey M. Zigman in Ann N Y Acad Sci. volume 1126, pages 14-19 (2008).
 * 2) Brain Circuits Regulating Energy Homeostasis by Alfonso Abizaid and Tamas L. Horvath in Regulatory peptides volume 149, pages 3–10 (2008).

 * Bariatric Surgery. Ghrelin and Metabolic Surgery by Dimitrios J. Pournaras and Carel W. le Roux in International journal of peptides 2010. pii: 217267.
 * Glucose and hunger. Training to estimate blood glucose and to form associations with initial hunger by Mario Ciampolini and Riccardo Bianchi in Nutrition & metabolism volume 3, page 42 (2006). This article is cited in an introductory paragraph of this chapter as an example of research where human test subjects were challenged to pay attention to their subjective experience of hunger. To what extent can obesity be prevented by eating only when glucose levels have returned to baseline between meals?
 * Lipostatic hypothesis Could there be a fine-tuning role for brain-derived adipokines in the regulation of bodyweight and prevention of obesity? by Russell E. Brown in McGill journal of medicine volume 11, pages 177–184 (2008).
 * Leptin receptor mutation Functional Characterization of Naturally Occurring Pathogenic Mutations in the Human Leptin Receptor by Wendy Kimber, Frank Peelman, Xavier Prieur, Teresia Wangensteen, Stephen O'Rahilly, Jan Tavernier and I. Sadaf Farooqi in Endocrinology volume 149, pages 6043-6052 (2008)
 * Insulin and BMI Quantitative study of insulin secretion and clearance in normal and obese subjects by K. S. Polonsky, B. D. Given, L. Hirsch, E. T. Shapiro, H. Tillil, C. Beebe, J. A. Galloway, B. H. Frank, T. Karrison and E. Van Cauter in Journal of Clinical Investigation volume 81, pages 435-441 (1988).
 * Ghrelin antagonists. Interactions of Gastrointestinal Peptides: Ghrelin and Its Anorexigenic Antagonists by Anna-Sophia Wisser, Piet Habbel, Bertram Wiedenmann, Burghard F. Klapp, Hubert Mönnikes and Peter Kobelt in International journal of peptides 2010. pii: 817457.
 * Leptin receptors in the brain. The geometry of leptin action in the brain: More complicated than a simple ARC by Martin G. Myers, Jr. Heike Münzberg, Gina M. Leinninger and Rebecca L. Leshan in Cell metabolism volume 9, pages 117–123 (2009).
 * Leptin and dopamine. Leptin acts via leptin receptor-expressing lateral hypothalamic neurons to modulate the mesolimbic dopamine system and suppress feeding by Gina M. Leinninger, Young-Hwan Jo, Rebecca L. Leshan, Gwendolyn W. Louis, Hongyan Yang, Jason G. Barrera, Hilary Wilson, Darren M. Opland, Miro A. Faouzi, Yusong Gong, Justin C. Jones, Christopher J. Rhodes, Streamson Chua, Jr., Sabrina Diano, Tamas L. Horvath, Randy J. Seeley, Jill B. Becker, Heike Münzberg and Martin G. Myers, Jr. in Cell metabolism volume 10 pages 89–98 (2009).
 * Leptin and weight loss . Effects of Recombinant Leptin Therapy in a Child with Congenital Leptin Deficiency by I. Sadaf Farooqi, Susan A. Jebb, Gill Langmack, Elizabeth Lawrence, Christopher H. Cheetham, Andrew M. Prentice, Ieuan A. Hughes, Mark A. McCamish and Stephen O'Rahilly in The New England journal of medicine volume 341, pages 879-884 (1999).
 * Leptin as a drug . Emerging Therapeutic Strategies for Obesity by Karen E. Foster-Schubert and David E. Cummings in Endocrine reviews volume 27, pages 779-793 (2006).
 * Brain regions involved in hunger . Neural Correlates of Appetite and Hunger-Related Evaluative Judgments by Richard M. Piech, Jade Lewis, Caroline H. Parkinson, Adrian M. Owen, Angela C. Roberts, Paul E. Downing and John A. Parkinson in PLoS One volume 4, e6581 (2009).
 * Leptin and human brain activity . Leptin Regulates Striatal Regions and Human Eating Behavior by I. Sadaf Farooqi, Edward Bullmore, Julia Keogh, Jonathan Gillard, Stephen O'Rahilly and Paul C. Fletcher in Science volume 317, page 1355 (2007).
 * Learning and motivation. A Neural Computational Model of Incentive Salience by Jun Zhang, Kent C. Berridge, Amy J. Tindell, Kyle S. Smith and J. Wayne Aldridge in PLoS computational biology volume 5, e1000437 (2009).
 * Peptide YY. The role of peptide YY in appetite regulation and obesity by Efthimia Karra, Keval Chandarana and Rachel L Batterham in The Journal of Physiology volume 587, pages 19–25 (2009).
 * Human hypothalamus. Chemically defined projections linking the mediobasal hypothalamus and the lateral hypothalamic area by Elias CF, Saper CB, Maratos-Flier E, Tritos NA, Lee C, Kelly J, Tatro JB, Hoffman GE, Ollmann MM, Barsh GS, Sakurai T, Yanagisawa M, Elmquist JK in The Journal of comparative neurology volume 402, pages 442-459 (1998).
 * Brain effects of insulin. Attenuation of Insulin-Evoked Responses in Brain Networks Controlling Appetite and Reward in Insulin Resistance: The Cerebral Basis for Impaired Control of Food Intake in Metabolic Syndrome? by Karen Anthony, Laurence J. Reed, Joel T. Dunn, Emma Bingham, David Hopkins, Paul K. Marsden and Stephanie A. Amiel in Diabetes volume 55, pages 2986-2992 (2006).
 * Hypothalamus lesions and eating. Hypothalamic Control of Food Intake in Rats and Cats by Bal K. Anand and John R. Brobeck in The Yale journal of biology and medicine volume 24, pages 123-140 (1951).
 * Appetite and satiety. Brain regulation of appetite and satiety by Rexford S. Ahima and Daniel A. Antwi in Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America volume 37, pages 811–823 (2008).
 * Insulin and metabolism. Food Intake and Starvation Induce Metabolic Changes chapter section 30.3 from Biochemistry, 5th edition by Jeremy M Berg, John L Tymoczko and Lubert Stryer (2002).
 * CNS nutrient sensing. CNS Nutrient Sensing section of "CNS Regulation of Glucose Homeostasis" by Carol K. L. Lam, Madhu Chari and Tony K. T. Lam in Physiology volume 24, pages 159-170 (2009).
 * Leptin transport. Adipokines and the blood-brain barrier by Weihong Pan and Abba J. Kastin in Peptides volume 28, pages 1317-1330 (2007).
 * Glucose homeostasis. Appetite and blood glucose profiles in humans after glycogen-depleting exercise by Kathleen J. Melanson, Margriet S. Westerterp-Plantenga, L. Arthur Campfield and Wim H. M. Saris in Journal of Applied Physiology volume 87, pages 947-954 (1999). This article is cited in the chapter section about the glucostatic hypothesis because it provides an example of research that tried to discover associations between glucose and glycogen metabolism and the control of eating behavior in humans. It also has links to other articles about the glucostatic hypothesis and the glycogenostatic hypothesis.
 * Glucose level. Effect of heat stress on glucose kinetics during exercise by Mark Hargreaves, Damien Angus, Kirsten Howlett, Nelly Marmy Conus, and Mark Febbraio in Journal of Applied Physiology volume 81, pages 1594-1597 (1996).
 * Glycogen level after exercise. Effect of carbohydrate ingestion on glycogen resynthesis in human liver and skeletal muscle, measured by 13C MRS by Anna Casey, Rob Mann, Katie Banister, John Fox, Peter G. Morris, Ian A. Macdonald, and Paul L. Greenhaf in Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab volume 278, pages E65-E75 (2000).
 * Glycogen level recovery after exercise. Muscle glycogen recovery after exercise during glucose and fructose intake monitored by 13C-NMR by Adrianus J. Van Den Bergh, Sibrand Houtman, Arend Heerschap, Nancy J. Rehrer, Hendrikus J. Van Den Boogert, Berend Oeseburg, and Maria T. E. Hopman in Journal of Applied Physiology volume 81, pages 1495-1500 (1996). Figure 1 graphically illustrates recovery of glycogen levels using data from Table 1 of Van Den Bergh et al.
 * PYY and ghrelin Weight loss during oligofructose supplementation is associated with decreased ghrelin and increased peptide YY in overweight and obese adults by Jill A. Parnell and Raylene A. Reimer in Am J Clin Nutr volume 89, pages 1751-1759 (2009).
 * Glucose and insulin Effect of source of dietary carbohydrate on plasma glucose and insulin responses to test meals in normal subjects by A Coulston, M Greenfield, F Kraemer, T Tobey and G Reaven in American Journal of Clinical Nutrition volume 33, pages 1279-1282 (1980).

Defined terms

 * Abbreviations : AR = arcuate nucleus ("AR" and some other abbreviations are used only in Figure 7), CS = conditioned stimulus, GI = gastrointestinal, NTS = nucleus tractus solitarius, OFC = orbitofrontal cortex, PYY = peptide YY, UCS = unconditioned stimulus, VTA = ventral tegmental area
 * Anorexigenic . Decreases appetite. Example: the peptide hormone PYY.
 * Appetite . The desire to eat.
 * Glucostatic hypothesis . The glucostatic hypothesis says that hunger is stimulated, at least in part, by decreased blood glucose levels or changes glucose utilization rates.
 * Hormone . A molecule produced and released by a cell that travels to distant target cells by transport through the blood. The target cells have specific receptors that bind to the hormone and alter the physiology of the target cells.
 * Hunger . The need to eat.
 * Lipostatic hypothesis . The lipostatic hypothesis says that there is less hunger and decreased eating when the body has enough stored lipids.
 * Orexigenic . Increases appetite. Example: the peptide hormone ghrelin.
 * Satiety . The sensation of fullness or being well fed.


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EBP/Cooperative/Index 2/Potawatomi

A

 * Asarum canadense

title: EBP/Cooperative/Index 2/Potawatomi


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EBP/Cooperative/Index 2/Meskwaki

A

 * Asarum canadense

title: EBP/Cooperative/Index 2/Meskwaki


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Wikimedia Foundation/PAR

This is a Participatory Action Research project which involves participants adopting a persona, and creating suitable records of their activities on one or more of the Wikimedia Foundation resources:
 * Wikibooks
 * Wikipedia
 * Wiktionary
 * Wikiquote
 * Wikisource
 * Meta
 * Wikimedia Commons
 * wikispecies
 * Wikinews

Index of Inactivity
(copied from talk page)

Do you know what an edit summary is? --JWSchmidt 13:23, 27 August 2010 (UTC)

There is no page on it as such, but User:B9 hummingbird hovering mentions it on Lesson Two: Wiki and Wikiversity crashcourse. Harrypotter 14:07, 27 August 2010 (UTC)

 * Why don't you write edit summaries for your edits? --JWSchmidt 17:23, 27 August 2010 (UTC)

I'm not sure whether User:B9 hummingbird hovering's phrase "User:B9 hummingbird hovering" quite captures the nub of the cause. Maybe it's because I'm a wikignome that I don't want to draw attention to what I am doing. If you like I could use the "This is a minor edit" button, if you feel that is appropriate. But if you want to go the whole hog, as it were, if you could produce a little Gnome to shre with the community, I'm sure that not only myself, but all the other poor gnomes drawn to wikiversity would be able to a significant role in developing the community without troubling those in the community more critical of our foibles.Harrypotter 19:47, 27 August 2010 (UTC)
 * I don't understand what you are saying. Are you saying that when you remove content from Wikiversity learning resources you don't want to draw attention to what you are doing? When you remove content from a Wikiversity page, please provide an edit summary that explains why you are removing the content. --JWSchmidt 14:42, 28 August 2010 (UTC)
 * I don't so much remove content but archive material which has been inactive, sometimes for as much as a year or two. If you feel it would be useful for me to put notes in the edit summary I'll try to remember
 * I am not aware of any time limit on Wikiversity page contents. If you are removing content from Wikiversity learning resources because it is "inactive" then please explain the measures of inactivity that you are using. --JWSchmidt 19:41, 28 August 2010 (UTC)
 * [[Image:William Fettes Douglas - The Alchemist.jpg|thumb|right|200px| "This is my retort!" An Alchemist researching into "measures of inactivity"]]Well, I am not aware of any time limit either. Perhaps if you inquire on the Colloquium you can find out if there has been any discussion of this. As regards any "measures of inactivity" perhaps that would be better discussed here: Inactive Pages or here Inactive pages (I'm not sure which would be the most appropriate). For myself, I have not created any such measures. However feel free to propose such measures and see how others respond. As regards myself, please feel free to measure the inactivity present in each of my edits. They can be accessed here: Harrypotter's Edits. However, it may be useful to look at one example. Let's go with British Empire:

These three edits I would not regard as substantive, more like moving around the deckchairs on Marie Celeste Editor Erikgunby was kind enough to add the history tag, which I retained, so no issue there. Editor Faithlessthewonderboy has only made one edit on Wikiversity, and this was it: a reversion of the one edit from IP 169.139.98.194. So my actions in no way impinge there either. So this takes us back to Editor Jade Knight, who made an edit on 19 September 2008, a date rapidly approaching its second anniversary. I'll leave you to calculate the exact number of days which elapsed until 12 August 2010. Of course such a measure would be inadequate on its own without consideration of the content. Obviously well prepared material which had remained untouched for eons could be very useful - just think where we would be without the Rossetta Stone! One heading was nothing more than that, a hallmark of incompleteness. All told the headings had the following number of words:
 * 1) (cur | prev)  16:46, 26 July 2010 Erikgunby (Talk | contribs) (5,046 bytes) (undo)
 * 2) (cur | prev) 13:29, 30 December 2009 Faithlessthewonderboy (Talk | contribs) (5,033 bytes) (Undo revision 496876 by 169.139.98.194 (Talk)) (undo)
 * 3) (cur | prev) 11:57, 27 October 2009 169.139.98.194 (Talk) (4,567 bytes) (→Decline) (undo)

 * 1) Definition: 147
 * 2) English Imperialism as Precursor to British Imperialism: 184
 * 3) Pre-conditions for empire: 66
 * 4) First forays: 0
 * 5) Build up: 73
 * 6) Decline 79

 * Average: 91.5 words

I'm not sure how useful this figure might be in generating a measure of incompleteness, but I feel that incompleteness implies a lack of activity, and where there has not been any edits for XXX days, then if we were to multiply the quotient of incompleteness by this number of days, we might get indices of inactivity. Would this give you the sort of measure your after? Perhaps some could devise a bot to do this with all pages so that we could have the indices of inactivity placed on the talk page, perhaps updated monthly, quarterly, I don't know. . . what would you prefer? The problem I think would come from measuring incompleteness in a way which goes beyond protoscience. This seems to be an are in which you seem to already have considerable knowledge. Why not get cracking and come up with a workable conceptualisation, and then maybe someone far cleverer than me could devise the bot?Harrypotter 20:56, 28 August 2010 (UTC)
 * Since you admit to not knowing what you are doing, I will simply revert all of your unexplained removals of content from Wikiversity learning resources. --JWSchmidt 13:42, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

 * You might find that highly dysfunctional. I Know exactly what I am doing - it is all recorded in my edits, to which I have referred you. However I have not applied an abstract a priori pseudo-scientific schema, which I regard as inappropriate. Please do not proceed in this fashion. Pehaps you are muddling me up with User:Erkan Yilmaz? Your friend, Harrypotter 15:42, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

title: Wikimedia Foundation/PAR


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User:Plexica

August 31, 2010 Tue 1:25 pm PDT

Hi, I'm a newbie and will just lurk for a while to find out what I can do. Being bold is great until you wind up with root beer float foam on your nose!

I do wish I could get more computer users to recognize to, too, two, your, you're and similar stuff which so many people seem unable to recall when typing and few spellcheckers help correct. I used to think these homonyms were useful to spell differently but maybe it is spelling which has to change!

I am 70 and interested in entirely too many subjects!

title: User:Plexica


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User talk:Plexica

 Hello Plexica, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random project.
 * Browse Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Give feedback about your initial observations
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! If you're a twitter user, please follow http://twitter.com/Wikiversity. --Ottava Rima (talk) 20:55, 31 August 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Plexica


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United States Law/Introduction/Student Guide

Introduction
Welcome to Wikiversity Law School Boot Camp. This module aims to give its students the basic tools they will need to tackle law school or informal legal training, with a focus on the Wikiversity American JD Program. After completing this module, it is hoped that you will have a basic understanding of the basic building blocks of American Law and how it is structured and organized. This module will try to blend practical tips with basic legal theories and concepts that will be used over and over again in practically all of your legal education.

This module will occasionally make reference to law review articles and sometimes cases and statutes. Unless otherwise indicated, law review articles will be checked for availability online by Google Scholar.

How We Figure Out What the Law Is
There are three major sources of American law:
 * Statutes (created by the Legislative Branch)
 * Cases (created by the Judicial Branch)
 * Regulations (created by the Administrative Branch)

For further information on how to write a legal opinion, you should read Prof. Orin Kerr's wonderful article "How to Read a Legal Opinion: A Guide for New Law Students" (The GREEN BAG, An Entertaining Journal of Law, Vol 11, No. 1, p. 51, Autumn 2007).

Highlighting Tips (for those using paper references)
It is common for law students to use highlighters in many different colors to represent the different parts of a legal opinion. The following scheme is highly suggested for those using highlighters in order to keep the context of the highlighted text clear to the reader.

 * 1) Facts: Green
 * 2) Rationale: Yellow
 * 3) Holding: Red
 * 4) Blue: important precedents
 * 5) Orange: dissenting opinions


text: File:2010 08 31 15 01 03.djvu

title: File:2010 08 31 15 01 03.djvu


text:
User:Egm6321.f10.team3.franklin

Team Page
Egm6321.f10.team03

About Me
Semper Fi!

Homework
Homework #1

My Homework

 * My Homework #1
 * My Homework #5
 * My Homework #6
 * My Homework #7

title: User:Egm6321.f10.team3.franklin


text: User:Mandy gal1304

title: User:Mandy gal1304