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Low-cost, tropical, private food production system

Following is information, avocation and examples on economical food production systems.

Objective

 * To eliminate GHG-emissions from food transport.
 * To decrease and nearly eliminate GHG-emissions with the production of food (eg.: carbon dioxide and methane emissions from respectively the use of polluting agricultural machinery and from biological processes occuring with normal agriculture)
 * To decrease the price poor people need to pay for their food and medicine, hereby improving their living conditions (as money can be spent on other necessities as better housing, small-scale infrastructure improvements, ...)
 * To help the poor to avoid unhealthy food
 * To increase the poor's food security and self-sufficiency (hereby also decreasing their problems of becoming too dependant on aid programs, or a need for unrest)

Means
To create kits with:
 * seeds of indigenous (or atleast better adapted) foodcrops
 * detailed documentation/plans on how to plant the seeds and on how to align the seedbeds to allow a permanent and self-regulatory food production system to be set up. This food production system would be designed so that it would be able to provide in their food requirements, both in energetic as well as in mineral/vitamin perspective.
 * To distribute these kits via governmental and non-governmental (NGO, ...) institutions.

Note
In the developing world, people are usually charged high prices for the food they buy (when compared to their average wage). Having been studying this problem, I have come to the conclusion that this problem lies with the fact that even the poor buy their food from vendors, and do not grow it themselves (which would lower the price). Although the more wealthy may buy their food in this way, it is better that the poor do not and doing so anyway makes it harder for them to escape the circle of poverty.

Also, being apart of the Western “supermarket” food-economy brings extra disadvantages when it is used by the developing countries (rather than the developed ones), as a lot of the food grown (e.g. corn, grains as wheat, barley, ...) is not native and also not adapted to the countries climate. Therefore, to grow it within the country, additional measures are required (e.g. increased irrigation, ...) or it has to be supplied from abroad. Both these solutions of course add to the price, hereby becoming even more expensive than in the North (something which is actually illogical as the North allows far less foodcrops to be grown).

If however the poor decide to grow their own food and choose local foodcrops to do so, the price of it could be decreased heavily and offer additional advantages (on behalf of health benefits, increased food security, increased self-sufficiency)

Also, besides the humanitarian aspect, the environmental advantage that can be attained is enormous. This as no polluting agricultural machinery will need to be used with this system of food production and as the foods to be grown can be (more or less) chosen locally. As such, we will be able to take out nearly all products from animal origin (which also produces the bulk of the methane emissions) and replace these with vegan/macrobiotic replacement foods. These latter can, in contrary to some popular beliefs, make the food much more healthy, tastier and more packagable in kit form (as all foods would of vegetable origin, thus seed-producing).

Although I concur that in the West (temperate climates) producing your own food year-round at low prices might not be accomplished, in the developing world (subtropic and tropic climates) this is not the case. In these parts, survivalist farming as well as this variation thereof has been proven viable due to the good growing conditions (lots of heat and sun), unlike in the temperate zones. Added to these good growing conditions is the possibility of using subtropic and tropic foodcrops, which besides being adapted to the climate, might also offer better comparative productivity than their temperate counterparts (e.g. see the productivity of jackfruit). Another benefit is the low actual and comparative price of farmland. In many countries this is only around 100€/hectare (e.g. Senegal).

If besides using more local foodcrops, the reuse of nutrients is also introduced, as mentioned above, the very low prices given should be easily attained. The reuse of nutrients, already present in many foodproduction systems (permaculture, agro-ecosystems, closed loop systems as MELISSA, ...), can be introduced fairly easily into this inexpensive (low-tech) food production. An example to this is the reusing of human waste trough compostation and reintroduction into the farmland. This will decrease costs as no extra fertilizer will need to be bought.

To allow the food to provide in people's needs all year round, the natural conservation properties of the crops themselves can be used, combined with several food conservation techniques. A lot of food crops have high conserving properties (e.g. grains can last up to a year without any special conservation treatments, root vegetables as carrots, potatoes/yams, taro, ... can last up to 2 years when left within the ground, and certain fruit trees as avocadoes can sustain their fruit for up to 30 days before falling off and starting to rot.

Also, for certain foodcrops (e.g. rice), alternative cultivation methods as the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) can be used. This, as well as better plant cultivars of native foodcrops (e.g. the NERICA-rice variety, ...) can increase yields/decrease costs even further.

Besides this, there are several food preservation techniques as drying, pickling, canning/bottling, salting, preserving trough sugar application, ... These techniques could be used, not only to conserve the food, but also to enhance and flavour certain foodstuffs. This, so that the meals that can be prepared by them are also tasty and diverse.

This reduction in price of the food as well as the self-sufficiency thereof can also be attained with home production of medicine. Again, rather than simply buying drugs from the pharmacist, the poor can grow a number of medicinal plants they can use with less-severe diseases. Again, if the plants are carefully chosen so they complement each other in dealing with the most common diseases (e.g. colds, headaches, flu, skin irritations...) the expenses given on doctor appointments/medicine can be decreased.

P.S.1.: if you are interested in executing these suggestions, please try to use regional plants. If choosing, for some reason, non-indigenous varieties, please use infertile plants or plants that produce non-viable seed to minimize the danger of the spreading of these likely disruptive foodcrops/medicinal plants into the environment

P.S.2: the composition of the plant-kits can determined while taking permaculture/permaculture-techniques into account (e.g. with companion-planting, the plants can stimulate each other to give better results on quantity/quality of the edible parts and chance of success by disease resistance

P.S.3: please note that to make the meals that can be prepared by the vegetable/fruit/.. patch healthy, crops will need to be selected that complete each other in continence (e.g. on behalf of vitamins, minerals, proteins, fibres, ...) and will be available at the same time in the growing cycle.

P.S.4: for growing medicinal plants in the developing world, medicinal plants adapted to this kind of climate will need to be selected. Thus, the plants to be used will probably need to come from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Ayurveda, as well as other indigenous phytotherapies.

P.S.5: besides foodcrops and medicinal crops, crops exist to replace soap (hereby decreasing expenses on another key element for the developing world).

P.S.6: As kits for some ordinary foodcrops (e.g. lettuce, carrots, ...) are already being sold by companies as 'Secrets du Potager', the approach described has been proven and may now be used for (tropical) foodcrops/medicinal plants in the developing world as well..

More information
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_agriculture http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Textured_vegetable_protein http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imitation_meat http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fruits#Mediterranean_and_subtropical_fruits http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permaculture http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsistence_agriculture
 * The Wikipedia's tropical agriculture-article, featuring the tropical crops that can be used and explaining some of the health benefits of these crops
 * Other protein-foods besides soy that can be used:
 * Tropical fruittrees that can be used
 * The Wikipedia's Permaculture-article
 * Survivalist (subsistence) farming

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed_ecological_system http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_support_system http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controlled_Ecological_Life_Support_System http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_of_Rice_Intensification
 * Closed Ecological System
 * Life Support Systems and Controlled Ecological Life Support Systems
 * The Wikipedia's System of Rice Intensification (SRI)-article

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Rice_for_Africa http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_preservation http://www.channel4.com/more4/documentaries/doc-feature.jsp?id=142 http://www.lifepositive.com/body/holistic-recipes/recipes.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soap#Soap_Substitutes http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_medicine http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurveda http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/fromthefield/SaveChAlli/3849b8a1b31499a6fa27e38a3194b86e.htm http://www.secretsdupotager.com/images/catalogue/printemps2007/cat_printemps_2007MD.pdf
 * NERICA-rice variety
 * Food Preservation Techniques
 * Channel 4's documentary detailing malpractises of the pharmaceutical industry (e.g. overpricing)
 * Additional crops that can be used to substitite the diet
 * Plants that can be used as soap-substitutes
 * The Wikipedia's TCM and Ayurveda-articles
 * Save the Children's 'The Minimum Cost of a Healthy Diet'-report
 * Secrets du Potager offering kits to grow a combination of plants (see page 9, 15, 51, 52, 53 and 54)

The low-cost, private food production system for tropical/subtropical climates practical set-up
As stated, the system is highly adaptable and modular, allowing the primary and secondary crops (as well as machinery, ....) to be altered to personal preference and choice (thus allowing perfect customization to the user). These features which are primarily a good thing, however also make it hard to paint a main picture of the system itself.

However, as this is needed to understand the system fully, I made up a more or less representable image of the system. Still keep in mind however that (almost) everything is subject to change depending on the primary and secondary crops chosen.

Overview
First, an overview of the basic system set-up:

MAIN PRODUCTION

PROCESSING

PROCESSED PRODUCTS AND COMBINATIONS THEREOF

Main buildings and division of workforce:
 * Information and processing building: this is where the main processing machinery is located. These machines include (depending on choices made): rice huller, sugar press, fruit scratter, still, petri-dishes with mold growth medium as sugarcane melasse, fruit press, ... People working here would be either engaged in the system by giving information to the people (on the food products and how they are eaten, the amount of daily intake per food product, ...) or they are engaged in the system by executing specialized processing (e.g. milling, distilling, ...)
 * Farm ground, orchards, herb/spice patches, ... : here, ordinary field work is done by farmers, orchardists, herb/spice growers, ...

Notes on the general system set-up: Although theoretically possible, alcoholic beverages are not to be made for drinking 'as is'. Instead, pure ethanol is made for conservation purposes and medicine making (for making tinctures) and alcoholic beverages may also be made, but then only for cooking purposes.

Please note that the devices described above would not make the system expensive. Instead, the devices used would be produced on-site by do-it-yourself (DIY) method or alternatively, inexpensively procured. DIY-production of these simple processing devices is possible, take a look at http://www.ukcider.co.uk/wiki/index.php/Homemade_Cider_Press and http://www.ukcider.co.uk/wiki/index.php/Homemade_Scratter. Also, besides the processing equipment, some of the field agricultural tools can also be made on-site by DIY-method; take a look at http://ciifad.cornell.edu/sri/extmats/engmanual.pdf where it is described that a rotating hoe can be simply made DIY (just for 5$).

Note on what's really new on the approach: Although the system primarily makes use of existing farming technology, ... the system as a whole is new and can decrease decrease GHG-emissions and the production cost of food enormously (as already previously stated). This as

 * practically all food produced is also actually eaten (hereby increasing productivity). This is possible due to the many food conservation methods used (e.g. natural conservation properties of food, preservation in ethanol, pickling, ...)
 * nutrient recycling can happen at full, thus any plant parts thrown away (e.g. peels, leaves, ...) as well as human excrement still continue to provide a function and decrease costs by lowering fertilization costs.
 * all agricultural machinery used is completely non-polluting (working solely on electricity). This use of non-polluting machinery is a unique feature of the system because, although the electric agricultural machinery already exists, their efficient use for farmers is almost impossible with the greater farmer fields (used in today's agriculture)
 * trough the decrease in main production crops that can occur, efficiency can be increased and trough the highly efficient combination of food products and plants that can occur (e.g. ethanol and herbs to create medicine) costs (e.g. on health, ...) can be lowered.
 * this system, unlike others, is very combine able with traditional “tribal” villages in the developing world and their culture
 * the system would normally be set-up with an inclusion of a private yeast-production centre. This yeast production centre again allows allot of different foods and condiments to be grown, not only because yeast (e.g. Aspergillus oryzae) can transform soy into several products as tofu, miso, ... but also because the centre allows a variety of molds to be grown, which again triggers an even bigger variation (natto, tempeh, red/black oncorn, ) and when other staple foods are used also food products as igu, ogiri, ...
 * some of the possible implementations that can be added to the system are almost unheard of and can increase efficiency (and decrease GHG-emissions) further. These include: integration of mushroom growing into the composting site, direct ethanol production (via guarapa), direct use of sugarcane melasse for yeast growing, use of the system of rice intensification, ...
 * The system does not foresee the use of cooking oils or fats. This not only makes the food healthier, but as oils are always have a limited storage/shelf life, it also makes the food production system to be more efficient. Instead of using oils/butter or fats to cook, techniques and cooking utensils that do not require oil are to be used. Examples for these are boing, steaming, ... (e.g. trough rice cooker or in a pot over a plain fire, steamer). Utensils as steamers finally also allow all nutrients to be consumed as they can catch all the water vapour that normally disappears.

Why the system would catch-on and be popular in the targeted ((sub)tropical) zones. Firstly, as the system would decrease costs and allows them to save more money, the system would surely attract intrest and catch-on.

Also, the system described allows many people in the developing world, and especially isolated communities to reduce their contact with their surrounding (and Westernizing) environment. As this is something many communities also desire, the system would catch on with these people as well.

Finally, in villages in the developing world, the main power still lies with the village elder(s). This custom can be clearly seen in many documentaries, including the ones listed below. As the village elders would be able to obtain their high position with this system (e.g. by becoming in charge of the herbal healing section of the system), they will approve the system and not counteract its implementation into the village. As the village elders have been responsible for the failure of many NGO-programs by preventing them of gaining foothold, this too is a great advantage.

Example of a possible system set-up

MAIN PRODUCTION PROCESSING

PROCESSED PRODUCTS AND COMBINATIONS THEREOF

Some examples of preparations that can be created with these (Japanese/macrobiotic) crops:

Note on why this example focuses on Japanese ingredients/meals First of all, as the system is designed for (sub)tropical climates, different crops need to be used than those found in the West (temperate climate). As such, it is also better to focus on foreign cuisines from within this (sub)tropical region. These cuisines are already based on tropical staple and secondary crops and thus only need little modification (to reduce the amount of crops) than would otherwise be the case.

The Japanese cuisine, which is very basic and representative, has a number of special features that make it ideal to use with this private food production system.

These features include:
 * the Japanese cuisine's lack of much different primary crops, making their variety of condiments, ... from only 2 staple crops. These crops (rice and wheat) allow a variety of preparations to be made including: soy milk, tofu, soy sauce, miso, sake, congee, ...
 * by subtle differences in the processing of these few crop products, again allot more different meals can be produced. For example with rice: with this crop both brown rice and white rice can be made, with the only difference in processing being whether or not it is hulled (with a rice huller). With these subtle and easy processing differences atleast 2 more meals can be made; notably congee (from white rice) and mochi (from brown rice)

Finally, this cuisine is very pure and healthy (which reduces health expenditures) and allows easy conservation for many of its crops (e.g. rice can be stored without any treatment for at least 6 months) and for its preparations (e.g. miso, sake, mirin, ... can all be stored for extensive periods, due to their antibacterial nature)

P.S. In addition to switching to vegan/macrobiotic foods, the information building may also be used, on a voluntary basis, to promote having only a single (well-balanced/measured) solid meal a day (or perhaps better, only 2 meals/day). As the amount of solid food a person needs is actually very small anyhow this might be done easily. It should be looked at however, that the meals combined pack around 2000 kcal. The restriction can be enforced by food rationing (food packets can be divided at a monthly basis, similar as in Cuba). As a large part of the world population already only takes a single meal a day (so that this is no problem) and people who conduct caloric restriction (most of them also only take 1 or 2 meals) usually improve their health even further. Macrobiotics and caloric restriction have already been known to be combine able and is described in books by Roy and Lisa Walford (eg The Anti-Aging Plan: Strategies and Recipes for Extending Your Healthy Years). To make sure that the vegan/macrobiotic foods are sufficient to fulfill in a all of a persons necessary building blocks (while having only one or two solid meal(s) a day), extra food supplements may be integrated in fluid food supplements (drinks). This may be done by extracting vitamins, minerals, ... from specific, industrially grown crops trough the use of the described ethanol. This approach would again introduce increase the efficiency of food production (as less food would be lost due to not eating it in time), increase health benefits (as caloric restriction makes people healthier) and decrease costs to the society (as people become more food/efficient and more productive).

More information on this example's unique features
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rice_huller http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Still http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspergillus_oryzae http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochemical_engineering http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soybean http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarapa
 * Rice huller (to make white rice)
 * Still (to make pure ethanol from guarapa)
 * The Aspergillus oryzae-bacteria that transforms many foodstuffs (e.g. soymilk to tofu, ...)
 * Production of the yeast mold by Petri-dish and growth media
 * Possibilities of the soybean to create a variety of produce
 * Sugarcane-juice production

http://www.bbc.co.uk/tribe/tribes/anuta/index.shtml http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calorie_restriction http://www.amazon.com/Anti-Aging-Plan-Strategies-Recipes-Extending/dp/1568580495/ref=pd_sim_b_img_2 (book on combination calorie restriction and macrobiotics) "The Okinawa-program: Learn the secrets to healthy longevity by Willcox, Willcox and Suzuki" (in particular chapter 5 and 6 about special herbs and foods used in the orient/Okinawa) "Eat to live by Joel Fuhrman"
 * Documentary showing that isolated communities want to reduce their contact with the outside world and showing the power of the village elder
 * Freestanding advise the information centre would provide to switch to one solid meal/day

http://www.cfamilyresources.com/products/books/solar_gardening.htm
 * Other books on decreasing costs and making the system more efficient:
 * City People's Book of Raising Food by Helga Olkowski
 * The Time Saving Garden by Reader's Digest
 * Solar Gardening: Growing Vegetables Year-Round the American Intensive Way by Leandre Poisson and Gretchen Vogel Poisson (see http://www.amazon.com/Solar-Gardening-Vegetables-Year-Round-Independent/dp/0930031695)

This heat store can be used to heat the greenhouse-part of the food system (if this is to be used/possible), or (eg with the ships mentioned), heat other rooms used in the food production system and/or structures themselves http://www.itsnoteasybeinggreen.org/forum/viewtopic.php?p=99374&sid=fe9009cedff17d83534b3d9d6dae4a29 http://www.growfruitandveg.co.uk/grapevine/general-chitchat/its-not-easy-being-green_5930.html http://forum.caithness.org/archive/index.php/t-22978.html http://www.growfruitandveg.co.uk/grapevine/general-chitchat/its-not-easy-being-green_5930.html#post83959 http://forum.caithness.org/archive/index.php/t-22978.html
 * Other cost-decreasing solar techniques (diy heat store), portraied and build in practice by the New House Farm's "It's not easy being green"-team

 * Other recommended reading to understand some proposals
 * "Superfoods and/or superfoods healthstyle by Stephen G Pratt and Cathy Matthews" (for other general info on which the foods are to be chosen, depending on contents).
 * Perhaps that "The China Study: The Most Comprehensive Study of Nutrition Ever Conducted and the Startling Implications for Diet, Weight Loss and Long-term Health" by T. Colin Campbell and The Super Foods book by Kristin Gerstley may also be worthwhile to read, yet they may not be necessairy to understand how I would set-up the system.
 * My Extra info on food consumption-article

Finally, also note that David Wolfe's Fruit tree Planting Foundation, as well as his company "Sunfoods" may help in making (certain) low-cost food production systems (see http://www.davidwolfe.com/ )


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User talk:Genetics4good

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Transwiki
Hi KVDP, when you're transwikiing materials, how are you doing so? Just so you know, it is possible to import pages from other Wikimedia projects - therefore keeping the page's edit history - but it can only be done by a custodian (or "admin"/"sysop"). Let me know if you need a hand with this - or you can leave a note on Import or Request custodian action. Cheers, Cormaggio talk 14:44, 20 August 2008 (UTC)
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Hi KVDP, I came across your page Cheap independent travel and found it's content to be out of focus with the Wikiversity Mission. I have thus added a deletion request to this page. If you feel this is incorrect, or feel hard done by, please feel free to contact me. All the best, and happy editing, =Benjamin= ( t ) · ( c ) · ( e ) 12:27, 23 June 2010 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Genetics4good


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Susan Steinman

Dr Susan Steinman won the Social Entrepreneur of the Year Award award of the Nedbank Business Women's Association's Regional Business Achievers' Award 2008 on 24 July 2008. Susan is currently in the process of forming the Institute for Social Entrepreneurship at University of Johannesburg.

Susan was awarded an ASHOKA fellowship in 2002 for her pioneering work in raising awareness, research and designing programmes to address physical and emotional violence in the workplace. Her work started in 1994 when she gathered information by assisting victims of emotional violence in the workplace and co-authored the first book on this topic in 1997. She established a international network of professionals, academics and researchers and became well-known globally and is a popular keynote speaker at conferences on the topic of workplace violence and employee wellness locally and internationally.

The NPO of which Susan is the Founder and Chair, the Workplace Dignity Institute, held international conferences about workplace violence in South Africa since 2000, she published, authored and co-authored several books and articles on the topic. She was also responsible for the ILO/ICN/WHO/PSI South African case study in respect of workplace violence in the health sector in 2002 and subsequently became the national facilitator for the ILO/ICN/WHO/PSI programme in South Africa with excellent results – to the extent that this programme is now a model for other countries. In 2007 she addressed the Labour Portfolio Committee of Parliament on the issue of workplace violence and presented the Committee with a Code of Good Practice to Prevent and Address Workplace violence as well as a Victim Charter for consideration.

External link: About Dr Susan Steinman (at The People Bottomline).

title: Susan Steinman


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Category:Learning methods

See also w:Category:Learning methods.

title: Category:Learning methods


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Portal:Social entrepreneurship/Issue Tracker

The purpose of this page is to provide a central place to list and discuss issues which need to be resolved. Please comment and add to this wiki page or e-mail the mailing list or any member of the core SSE team.

=Curriculum development=

Mobilising the Community
Submitter: Ktucker 23:14, 11 September 2008 (UTC) Date Completed: ... Comments:

So far we have had limited success. What are the reasons? How can we be more successful in mobilising the community of educators to help build the curriculum?

Templates for each section of the curriculum
Submitter: Kim 22:21, 5 September 2008 (UTC) Date Completed: ... Status:: Templates created for modules and activities. Need to deploy them consistently on Activity pages.
 * No template for Resources - free format.
 * Need to improve Activity template to include Simple and Complex
 * Ktucker 06:06, 8 March 2009 (UTC)

Comments:

Needed? See discussion here (and previous comments), and consider the following process:

For now, I will settle on this template unless there are any objections within the next few weeks. Kim 01:36, 4 December 2008 (UTC).
 * Decide on a consistent template for each learning resource, design it and implement it across the relevant pages.
 * First idea: base it on WikiEducator's:
 * Otago Page Generator and templates it uses in turn.
 * Leigh Blackall's simple proposed structure for wiki learning pages.
 * Second idea: would it make sense to have tabs for Objectives | Activities | Resources ? The old WikiEducator nav templates would also work well.
 * Yes, I have implemented a template which is now in use on some of the pages (under Curriculum in the General" box see:
 * Introduction to Social Entrepreneurship
 * Understanding Developing Communities
 * Social Innovation, and
 * Sustainability.
 * A variation has been created with edit boxes - implemented on some of the pages ... (more convenient for most users). Kim 06:11, 21 December 2008 (UTC)
 * Further variations have surfaced ... so, the pages may look different from your last look. Currently finalising a set of templates and themes. Kim 17:40, 22 December 2008 (UTC)
 * Almost done for Intro pages, see Guidelines for Editors
 * To Do:
 * work in the width parameter for two and three box sections.
 * make similar themes/templates for activities and resources pages. Kim 08:58, 9 January 2009 (UTC)
 * Maybe omit templates for resources for now. Activities templates under development - sample page.

Community Informatics
Submitter: Kim 16:45, 5 September 2008 (UTC) Date Completed: ... Comments:

Where should we put this angle? (ICT enabling community communication processes)
 * Under Tools which may become a separate section.

Themes
Submitter: Ktucker 20:11, 28 May 2009 (UTC) Date Completed: ... Comments:

Make some themes (colour combinations) for the templates (e.g. Template:Module Intro Page) - i.e. ....

Appreciative Terminology
Submitter: Kim 02:12, 4 December 2008 (UTC) Date Completed: ... Comments:

Check game narrative and discuss extent to which we need to think about this in relation to the underlying ethics of the game. In essence, the underlying theme could be asset based or appreciative - acknowledging and growing the positives and capabilities within communities, rather than emphasizing negative conditions or problems to be solved.

Consistency across the game framework and the wiki learning resources
Submitter: Ktucker 02:12, 4 December 2008 (UTC) Date Completed: ... Comments:

See:

 * SSE Game Narrative
 * SSE Quest Matrix

 * Possibly create game-related wiki pages which provide alternative routes through the learning resources.

SSE Game Narrative and SSE Quest Matrix
Submitter: Ktucker 25 December 2008 (UTC) Date Completed: ... Comments:

Restructure these pages for easy editing by users (adding quests and correcting/enhancing the narrative).

Old Navigation Templates
Submitter: Kim December 2008 Date Completed: Comments:

Remove them and check that all their pages are redirected to Portal:... and preferably removed (marked for deletion).

Clean up the Category:SSE To Do pages
Submitter: Kim December 2008 Date Completed: Comments:

Move them to this issue tracker and move this entry down only when there are no such pages left.

Closed Issues
Move issues here (below the line above once resolved)

Vision and Mission
Submitter: Kim Tucker 13:30, 12 September 2008 (UTC) Date Completed: ... Comments: Recently added to the About page Ktucker 09:01, 9 January 2009 (UTC).

Consolidate to make these clear on the About page. Discussion here. Closed for now. Reopen some time when suitable workshop occurs.

Template:SSE Full Page Intro: different theme for each box
Submitter: Kim December 2008 Date Completed: Kim 06:00, 9 January 2009 (UTC) Comments:

Implemented via Template:Module Intro Page.

 * Consider providing a single theme parameter which overrides the default theme (for non-subst approach or both) - done but if theme is applied, all boxes get the theme
 * - extend to permit different theme for each box (see Template:SSE Current Theme and consider a separate set of names for this - "uniform", "rainbow", "formal", etc.). Or perhaps names like "sandyblues" meaning combination of sandy and blues, etc.
 * Consider developing 'Template: Project Current Theme' vs separate ' Current Theme' templates (latter probably more efficient but need to be able to share themes). Perhaps have a general ' ' which returns a current theme name which can be sent to ' Box attribute|theme|attribute ' which returns a colour.

Tools
Submitter: Kim Tucker 22:31, 5 September 2008 (UTC) Date Completed: 20081204 Comments:

Should Tools be listed in each relevant section, or should we have a section on tools which may be referred to from various places?

 * Resources and Processes for Social Entrepreneurship is one possible place for Tools (move them from Putting it all Together (Social Entrepreneurship) and insert more specific references along the journey.

List Tools under Resources for pages which use the Module Nav template (e.g. Portal:Social_entrepreneurship/Curriculum/General/Social Innovation|Social Innovation). Kim 01:37, 4 December 2008 (UTC)

community "needs"
Submitter: Kim Tucker 22:12, 22 August 2008 (UTC) Date Completed: 20081204 Comments:

Is the term "needs" deficit based? If so, what alternatives?

 * "aspirations"?

IMHO (and after discussion with several people) the term "needs" is not inherently "deficit-based" and we simply need to be sensitive to context and how we use the term.

Output as "Business Plan"
Submitter: Kim 14:17, 20 August 2008 (UTC) Date Completed: 20081204 Comments:

How should we specify the final outcome for students? Discussion started under General and continued here.

 * Case Study
 * One of many outputs
 * Business Plan
 * An optional output possibly among others.
 * Outcome (i.e. don't specify)
 * Best so far, so we will settle on this one.

 * After some thought during the process it seems best not to specify a particular outcome for all projects.

Template:SSE Full Page Intro: check default theme applied
Submitter: Kim December 2008 Date Completed: 20081223 Comments:

 * Check that default themes are applied for the non-subst option.
 * Using subst results in a more flexible editable page. Currently, without subst, the generated page has fixed themes assigned via Template:SSE Current Theme. Need to check that these are consistently applied. This should only involve editing the template code within this template (but need to check).

Checked K 08:14, 23 December 2008 (UTC)

Template:Tbwes: Default name space
Submitter: Kim 25 December 2008 Date Completed: Ktucker 08:54, 9 January 2009 (UTC) Comments: Solved via ':' :

Check that the editpage included and the 'edit' link to it are the same for pages in the Portal: and default name spaces. If not, how do we get around that and where? In Portal:Box-header ? Via : ... or : ... etc.?

Developing a Social Entrepreneurial Idea
Submitter: Kim December 2008 Date Completed: Comments: I suspect the sandyblueslate theme's background is not showing ... check ... if so, fix.

Fixed - removed quotes around colour value in SSE Current Theme Ktucker 08:27, 23 December 2008 (UTC)

=General=

=See Also=

 * ToDo


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User:Cherryleaf

Hello, I am new here :) I hope I can help out. I love learning, especially languages.

♥ Cherryleaf 14:25, 20 August 2008 (UTC)

title: User:Cherryleaf


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User:Aprasad~enwikiversity

My name is Anil Prasad, from Kerala, India. I am a Volunteer Ambassador for http://www.wikieducator.org project of Commonwealth of Learning (http://www.col.org)

title: User:Aprasad~enwikiversity


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Wikiversity talk:Tame audience

'Tame' synonyms
I'm thinking about this. Maybe 'captive'? Also has negative connotations, unfortunately. But there is some precedent for this term in human research - i.e., 'captive populations' are those with whom one can conduct research (with them as participants) and they can't really do much about it - i.e., they are not really volunteers - they are coerced. -- Jtneill - Talk - c 15:24, 20 August 2008 (UTC)

Brainstorming list follows... --McCormack 15:30, 20 August 2008 (UTC)
 * captive community/audience
 * home community/audience
 * house community/audience
 * trained community/audience
 * planned community/audience
 * artificial
 * in vitro
 * domestic(ated)
 * managed
 * select
 * boxed
 * predetermined
 * preexisting
 * friendly

 * I actually really happen to like the terms "tame" and "wild", and the contrast they imply. Kind of a cool way of putting it, really.  The Jade Knight 08:58, 5 September 2008 (UTC)
 * I still like "wild", but I'm currently veering towards "captive" as the opposite. I'm digesting things slowly and waiting for more comments from others. I'm quite worried that "tame" could be felt as derogatory - although it was originally my own idea! --McCormack 09:51, 5 September 2008 (UTC)
 * To me, tame doesn't feel derogatory, though "wild" could (but, to be honest, do we really need to be PC here?). I dislike captive for the primary reason that "captive audience" is already an idiom in English, and it means something different.  The Jade Knight 10:00, 5 September 2008 (UTC)

title: Wikiversity talk:Tame audience


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Main Page/Draft version 0.5

Welcome to Wikiversity, you are invited to participate, explore and share your learning goals Special:Statistics learning resources and growing.

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title: Main Page/Draft version 0.5


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User talk:Tiagoabner

 Hello Tiagoabner, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! -- DarkMage 19:34, 20 August 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Tiagoabner


text:
Talk:Sex education

Is this entirely appropriate? Donek (talk) - Go raibh mile maith agaibh 19:49, 20 August 2008 (UTC)

joke?
I suspect it was started as a "joke" --JWSchmidt 00:13, 21 August 2008 (UTC)

 * I understand that but should it be removed? Donek (talk) - Go raibh mile maith agaibh 00:41, 21 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Deletion is the final, ultimate method, before there are other alternatives like: editing the learning resource with adding your concerns, further ideas and/or move/rename the page to a general page name about sex education and adding a section about the topic of sex ed in pre school. We still don't know what the original contributor had in mind. If you feel uncomfortable editing the page, you can e.g. start forking. Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 06:29, 21 August 2008 (UTC)
 * It seems pretty clear what the original contributor had in mind and I don't think that has anything to do with creating a learning resource, it seems obvious that this is a joke. There seems to be a lot of optimists on Wikiversity but I suspect the reality here is that if this isn't deleted it will just sit here with no further development leaving WV with a page that says pre-school kids should be taught that "sex is great" ... "by demonstration". I think it is very difficult to see this as a serious attempt to create a learning resource. Adambro 07:18, 21 August 2008 (UTC)

be bold & improve
the jokers don't have to be the only bold ones. -- Jtneill - Talk - c 12:14, 21 August 2008 (UTC)

link
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/2620259/Compuslory-sex-education-for-children-under-five-proposed.html Emesee 02:11, 29 August 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sex education


text: Template:User java-1

title: Template:User java-1


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Template:Cat also

{{#ifeq:{{SITENAME}}=Wikipedia| {{template doc}}
 * This utility will take a multiple list of pipe separated links and categorize a page from it.
 * 1) Argument#1   acts as a pipetrick, so should be given the {{mta|Help:Magic word|Magic word]] literal
 * 2) Categories are returned with pipe separators automatically when 'cutting and pasting' from the page bottom and can be entered directly from the cut buffer.
 * 3) The utility is most useful in categorizing aliased names, such as redirect pages to match the targeted article page of the redirect. This established good term equivalences for readers browsing in categories.
 * 4) The utility will only allow 16 category names.
 * }}{{Cat also|cat also|Miscellaneous templates | Internal link templates}}

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Polish language/Alphabet and phonetics

The Polish Alphabet
The Polish alphabet is composed of 32 letters:

Aa Ąą Bb Cc Ćć Dd Ee Ęę Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Łł Mm Nn Ńń Oo Óó Pp Rr Ss Śś Tt Uu Ww Yy Zz Źź Żż

Phonetics
Unlike the English language, Polish phonetics are constant. When understood and known well, any word in the Polish language is pronouncable by the foreign reader. Take care with this lesson. Picking up bad habits at the beginning can create problems down the line.

NB: all phonetic examples of use in the English language are used in conjunction with "the Queen's English" or "BBC English" (See here)

Vowel sounds
These are very important. The vowels in the Polish language can sound very similar to the beginner but, with practice, it becomes much easier. The importance lies in the fact that a word may change its meaning when a vowel changes and Polish speakers rely on the correct vowel sound to understand the context in which a word is used. This will become apparent later. For now, here is the full list of vowel sounds in the Polish language and an explanation of phonetics for the English speaker:

All Polish vowels are short. Additionally, there is no vowel reduction in Polish so you should pronounce all vowels as they are written.

Aa - Pronounced the same way as the word "a" in the English language e.g. a in tarp. It is not used to signify the other "a-sound" e.g. cake, acorn.

ą - Basically this is nasal vowel pronounced like French "bon". However, it is pronounced like this only as the final sound of the word (do not confuse final "a" and "ą" because they indicate completely different cases) or before f, w, s, z, sz, ż, ś, ź or ch. When followed by "l" and "ł" it should be pronounced like o (however, people sometimes pronounce it as full nasal which is hypercorrect). Before other consonants "ą" splits into diphthong pronounced like the combination of short o and "m", "n", or sound similar to English "n" in "bang" - depending on the place of articulation of the next consonant (see the exercise). No Polish word begins with ą.

Ee - This represents the English "Ee" in words like "bed", "wet" and "pet".

ę - This is the second nasal vowel pronounced like French "vende". The rules of its pronunciation are almost the same as for ą except the fact, that instead of short o one should use short e whenever it is necessary. At the end of a word, "ę" is pronounced like the Polish "e" described above. No Polish word begins with ę.

Ii - This represents the English "Ee" in words like "week", "need" and "feet", but not as long.

Oo - This represents the English "o" sound in "pot" and "hop".

Uu - This represents the English "oo" in "boot" and "spoon", but it is shorter.

Óó - The same sound as the "oo" sound in "hoop" and the "u" sound in "put". It is important to know whether the word should be written by 'ó' or 'u' because the former is often a marker of morphological change of "ó" into "o" in some inflectional cases.

y - Similar to English "i" in words like "bit", "pit" "riddle"

Consonant Sounds
Polish has more consonants than English and they are quite similar, with few exceptions. However, they are all unaspirated. To pronounce Polish words correctly please note, that unlike English where neighboring consonants have the tendency to assimilate their place of articulation (word 'football' pronounced like 'fupbol') in Polish every voiced consonant (except m, n, r, l, ł)has its unvoiced counterpart and there is a strong tendency only to devoice all constituents of consonant clusters if they comprise unvoiced consonant. It happens both inside words and between two words if the final and initial part of them differ in terms of voicing. For instance word 'kwiat' ('flower') is pronounced 'kfiat'. 'Samochód Kasi'(Kate's car') is pronounced 'samochót Kasi'.Unvoicing of consonants in final position is a dialectal feature (some regions do not devoice them) but the general tendency is to devoice them. Bb - The same sound as the "Bb" sound in English.

Cc - Very similar to "z" in "zeppelin". Often described as English "ts" in "tsar" or "tzatziki". The closest Germanic equivalent is 'z' in German "Zeit".

Ćć - This sound is similar to the "ch" sound in English words such as "cheers", "cheetah" but is softer. Its articulation is palato-alveolar, not alveolar like English "church" or "chair". Try to move your tongue a little bit backward pronouncing the word "church".

Dd - It sounds like the "d" sound in English, but Polish "d" is truly dental, not alveolar. Try to pronounce "d" with the tip of your tongue touching the teeth.

Ff - The same sound as the "Ff" sound in English.

Gg - The same "g" sound in "gun" and "Hogwarts".

Hh - This represents the English "ch" (sounding very similar to "h") sound in "loch".

Jj - This represents the English "Yy" sound in "your" and "yearn".

Kk - The same sound as the "Kk" sound in English, but is never silent. An unvoiced counterpart of "g"

Ll - The same sound as the "Ll" sound in English.

Łł - The same sound as the "Ww" sound in English.

Mm - The same sound as the "Mm" sound in English.

Nn - The same sound as the "Nn" sound in English.

Ńń - This represents the "ñ" sound in "El Niño". The best English example is "n" in the word "new" or "manure".

Pp - The same sound as the "Pp" sound in English. An unvoiced counterpart of "b".

Rr - A rolled Scots-English "Rr".

Ss - The same sound as the "Ss" sound in English. An unvoiced counterpart of "z".

Śś - This sound is represented by "sh" in English word "ship". There is a big phonemic difference between "ś" and "sz" (digraph "sz" stands for "sh" in English "share" or "shy")

Tt - The same sound as the "Tt" sound in English but dental, not alveolar. An unvoiced counterpart of "d".

Ww - The English "Vv" sound. A voiced counterpart of "f".

Zz - The same sound as the "Zz" sound in English word "zeal". A voiced counterpart of "s".

Źź - A voiced counterpart of "ś".

Żż - The "j" sound in the French name, "Jacques". The tip of the tongue is just shy of making contact with the roof of the mouth a centimeter or so away from the teeth. A voiced counterpart of "sz"

Letter Combinations
Combinations of letters, just like in English, produce different sounds than one would expect at first glance. All of these combinations are listed below. Please be aware, if you come across letter combinations that do not appear in this list, you must pronounce the letters in order as described above and not the way you are used to in the English language. The list is as follows:

ch - the same sound as "h" (historically it was a voiced counterpart of "h" but it is no longer pronounced like that except eastern dialects of Polish spoken by old people)

ci = ć + i.

cz - the same sound as ch in English "cherry" or Charles".

dz - voiced counterpart of "c" which should be pronounced hard to distinguish from "dzi"

dź - The "Jee" sound in the English word "Jeepers" but pronounced very soft. Voiced counterpart of "ć".

dzi = dź + i

dż - The "Jj" sound in English words like "Jupiter" and "Jar". Voiced counterpart of "cz".

rz = ż (there is only one-word exception: word '(z)marznąć' (to freeze) is pronounced as separate r+z cluster, not like 'mażnąć')

si = ś + i

sz - The same sound as sh in English "shy"

Exercise
After trawling through that exhaustive list you may feel a little disheartened. Don't be! The Polish language becomes easy to pronounce after understanding these rules. To help you analyse how much you understand already, take a look at this exercise. The list of words below are actually English words, but they have been spelt in Polish phonetics. Work through these words and write down what words they represent. If you are able to do this successfully, you understand Polish phonetics, and the course will become much more enjoyable after.

• # Demokrac

• # Hęp

• # Fót

• # Buk

• # Kuszon

• # Hidz

• # Kug

• # Jir

• # Śut

• # Spęd

• # Ćaryti

• # Łąt

• # Łajd

• # Chob

• # Sid

• # Rycz

• # Chidz

• # Dzins

• # Ełpen

• # Szód

• # Słąb

• # Cip

• # Dżapan

• # Pełland

• # Chów

• # Huwz

• # Jeleł

• # Sensybyl

• # Erejrzur

• # Dżawelyn

Answers

title: Polish language/Alphabet and phonetics


text:
Topology/Lesson 3

Metric Space
A metric space has very many useful properties and they are very good for beginning topology students to study because of their relative intuitive nature.

Definition
Let $$X$$ be a set. Then a metric on the set $$X$$ is a function $$d:X\times X\to \mathbb{R}$$ such that
 * 1) $$d(x,y)\ge 0$$ and equality holds if and only if $$x=y.$$
 * 2) $$d(x,y)=d(y,x)$$ (i.e., $$d$$ is symmetric).
 * 3) $$d(x,z)\le d(x,y)+d(y,z)$$ (the triangle inequality).

We can define a topology on the set $$X$$ using the metric $$d$$ as follows. For $$x\in X$$ and $$r>0$$ define $$B(x,r)=\{y\in X\mid d(x,y)0\}$$ as a basis. Call this topology $$\mathcal T_d.$$

If $$(X,\mathcal T)$$ is a topological space, then we say that it is metrizable if there is a metric $$d:X\times X\to \mathbb{R}$$ such that $$\mathcal T=\mathcal T_d.$$ If $$X$$ is metrizable and $$d$$ is such a metric then we call the pair $$(X,d)$$ a metric space.

Examples

 * 1) The most obvious example is the space $$\mathbb{R}$$ together with the metric $$d(x,y)=|x-y|$$ which is called the standard metric on $$\mathbb{R}.$$
 * 2) Any set has a metric on it. As an example, let $$X$$ be any set and let $$d$$ be given by $$d(x,y)=\left\{\begin{array}{ll}1 & x\ne y\\ 0 & x=y\end{array}\right..$$ It is left as an exercise to check that this is a metric, called the discrete metric because the topology it gives $$X$$ is the discrete topology.

Exercises

 * 1) Show that the discrete metric is a metric and that it gives the discrete topology on $$X.$$

Isometries
The "isomorphism" in the category of topological spaces is homeomorphism, as we saw in Lesson 2. The "isomorphism" in the category of metric spaces is called "global isometry" and is much more strict than homeomorphism.

Definition
Let $$(X,d)$$ and $$(Y,\rho)$$ be metric spaces. Then a function $$f:X\to Y$$ is called an isometry if for all $$x,y\in X$$ we have $$\rho(f(x),f(y))=d(x,y)$$ (i.e. if distances are preserved). If $$f$$ is also surjective, then we say that $$f$$ is a global isometry.

Examples

 * 1) If $$(X,d)$$ is any metric space, then the identity map is an isometry.
 * 2) If $$(Y,d)$$ is a metric space and $$X\subset Y$$ then the inclusion map $$i:X\to Y$$ is an isometry.

Exercises

 * 1) Show that every isometry is injective and therefore every global isometry is bijective.
 * 2) Show that every isometry is an embedding and therefore every global isometry is a homeomorphism.
 * 3) Find a function that is a homeomorphism but not an isometry.

title: Topology/Lesson 3


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Polish language/Nouns and adjectives

At this stage you should have full understanding of Polish phonetics. If you had trouble understanding any of the examples from the last exercise, please leave a message on the previous lesson's talk page. If you feel you understood all of the examples than you are in the right place. This is where the language really begins. This is where you will learn your first Polish words.

Before we begin, it is important to understand Polish stress patterns. In all areas of Poland, the stress (emphasis) of a word always lies in the second last syllable. With this in mind, you will have no problem pronouncing these words.

Greetings
The first thing students learn in any language is the ability to be polite. Here are some examples of greetings in the Polish language:

Cześć - This word is used to say a short-hand hello, "Hi", or a short-hand goodbye, "Bye".

Dzień dobry - "Good-day"

Dobry Wieczór - "Good evening"

Dobranoc - "Good night"

Do widzenia/zobaczenia - "See you later"

Miło mi - "Nice to meet you"

Jak się masz? - "How are you?"

(Bardzo) dobrze, a ty? - "(Very) well, and you?"

Dziękuję (bardzo) - "Thank you "very much"

The multifunctional proszę
Poproszę.... - "Can I please have...?"

Proszę - "Please", "There you go" and "You're welcome"

Nouns
Nouns in Polish, like any language, represent people, places or things. That is, people's names, cities, countries, animals and furniture are all nouns. In Polish, however, all nouns have one of three genders - masculine, feminine and neuter. In general, the gender of a noun can be determined by its ending:

 * Most masculine nouns end in a consonant
 * Most feminine nouns end in -a or -i
 * All neuter nouns end in -o or -e

There are exceptions to this rule, e.g. noc is a feminine noun meaning "night" but it ends in a consonant. As exceptions to the rule appear, they will be pointed out using (m) for masculine nouns that do not end in a consonant and (f) for feminine nouns that do.

Unlike English, the Polish language does not contain articles but instead uses seven grammatical cases to define context. Throughout this lesson, we will be using adjectives and nouns in their nominative case, i.e. as they appear in the dictionary.

Adjectives
Adjectives are words that describe a noun. Whether an adjective appears before or after the noun depends on the type of adjective used. Descriptive adjectives usually appear before the noun while adjectives used to classify nouns tend to come after. Unlike nouns, adjectives do not have genders, but they must agree with the gender of the noun they are describing.

All adjectives have a stem. The stem is the part of the word that never changes. The remainder is the ending, which does change. It is the changing ending that allows the adjective to agree without losing its meaning. Let's take a look at your first adjective - dobry meaning "good". In the dictionary, this word may be written as dobr|y. The vertical line you see separates the stem from the ending. This is how all vocabulary (Słownik) will be presented throughout the course to allow you to understand how the adjective changes.

Adjective endings in the nominative:

 * Masculine - -y Example: Dobry Wieczór
 * Feminine - -a Example: Dobra noc
 * Neuter - -e Example: Dobre piwo - "Good beer"

Do you see how important the phonetics of vowels are?

Słownik
This is the first list of vocabulary that this course recommends for learning. It contains some items of clothing and some colours.

Nouns

 * Czapka - Hat
 * Szalik - Scarf
 * Kurtka - Coat
 * Sweter - Sweater
 * Koszula - Shirt
 * Krawat - Tie

Adjectives

 * biał|y - white
 * czerwon|y - red
 * żółt|y - yellow
 * różow|y - pink
 * pomarańczow|y - orange
 * zielon|y - green
 * niebiesk|i - blue
 * fioletow|y - purple
 * brązow|y - brown
 * szar|y - gray
 * czarn|y - black

Exercise
Before beginning to do this exercise, please make sure you have understood the lesson and learnt the vocabulary. Without looking above for help, write down, on paper, translations for the following:

 * 1) A black shirt
 * 2) A yellow scarf
 * 3) A green Tie
 * 4) A brown coat
 * 5) A red sweater
 * 6) An orange hat

Answers

title: Polish language/Nouns and adjectives


text:
Talk:Polish language/Nouns and adjectives

Answers
Remember, no articles:

 * 1) Czarna męska
 * 2) Żółty szalik
 * 3) Zielony krawat
 * 4) Brązowa kurtka
 * 5) Czerwony sweter
 * 6) Pomarańczowa czapka

How many did you get?


text: Wikiversity:Logo

title: Wikiversity:Logo


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Improved UMPC design

This design focuses making a improved Ultra-Mobile PC with especially designed Linux version (based on the Samsung Q1), which would allow the use without a keyboard. This design was taken from my website.

Overview
As reported in the Digital Planet-interview, a keyboard is the main component is the main point which makes the size of a umpc and eliminating it would allow further miniaturisation and/or increased screen size. My system draws on a inheretly new way of computer control, marked by a combination of stylus and speech control (via headset). As such, as marked on the picture the UMPC is made up almost entirely of screen, hereby dismissing keyboard and/or mousepad.

Software
The Linux version used would no longer work in cooperation with a keyboard or mouse/touchpad, yet instead work with a stylus and speech control (via headset). This generates a new list of demands for the operating system (or "software") used. A combination of primarily stylus, followed by the speech control is necessary for the operation.

This allows to keep command input, hard disk browsing as well as file viewing separate. As such, it simplifies matters (at least for Linux) greatly. This as Linux still relies on the input of certain manual commands into the terminal (eg make file/ make command, commands for starting apps, ...) and which can not be executed within Nautilus/Konqueror anyway.

In addition, not only allows it to use more efficient computer control for the entire Linux community (being implemented generally in all Linux-distros), it also allows the use of smaller handhelds/ultra mobile PC's that use their full length for viewing (“all-screen” PC's). It is undoubtedly clear that these ultra mobile PC's would be the most performant to day in terms in size versus usability.

Taskbar
An even further development (which would however result in a embedded OS) would be to drop the taskbar with start-button (windows-style taskbar) entirely and switch completely to voice commands to open up programs (in conjunction with a non-start button taskbar; similar as on Mac OS X). The stylus would still be used to manipulate and close the windows however; and this via the right-hand side of the windows taskbar (stripe-box-cross buttons). Moving the windows may be done by the windows left-hand side (move selection).

To achieve this, special commands for the required (graphical peel) programs are to be added in the BASH and linked with voice recognition. Examples to this are the “command: openBrowser”-command, “command: openWriter”, “command: opensystemmanager (eg yast, ... for system changes, network settings alturations, ...), “command: openMediaPlayer”, ...

Although, through this approach, less programs can be run easily through the graphical peel, the command line through speech recognition may be still used to open up less prevailent (not imbedded in OS X-type taskbar) programs. This is thus an option which would only be really useful for small (subnotebooks, ultra mobile, ..) PC's.

In the snapshot, you see that there is a command window (which by the way remains open/can't be closed, note that there is no cross on the window in the top right corner). So how is this controlled if there is no keyboard ?: the answer is the headset; by simply speaking the text you wish to enter, it is entered. Note that before being able to enter text to the command window, one first needs to "activate" it by pressing on it (on the screen) with the stylus. Note that the other windows can be closed by pressing on the top-rightcross with the stylus. The 1-4 in the top allows to change between the desktops (standard in most GNU/Linux distro's). Options, sound settings, ... can be set in the bottom taskbar with the buttons in the middle of this taskbar. Note that the windows can also be "retracted" (ie by dubble-clicking on the window itself). The command bar can be shrunk as well with the red arrow button. Communication between people can happen using a sort of messenger-style Ekiga software (see bottom left). Windows can also be resized using the stylus (using the arrows-button next to the cross). Finally, besides spoken communication between friends in a same location (using a WLAN, ie WiMAX, ...) the friends can also see the location of each friend by tracking them on a map (ie using google maps, ...) Tracking (optionally) would be done ie using a RFID card or better yet using an RFID implant. This may sound a bit drastic, but the device is ie also intended for use on boats. Implants are handy as they allow ie the location of people that fell over board (MOB or man over board-procedure). RFID cards can be lost in such an event, and active trackers (things that need to be switched on can be off when they're needed or get destroyed).

Next how the starting of programs is done. In the snapshot of the OS, you see that there is no "Start" button (this button on the taskbar is now found in most Linux distro's also). Instead, programs are started by using a command in the command box. A list showing which programs are installed can be requested ie by the command "show installed programs" or something similar. The idea is that almost everything is done via the command box, only some minor options (sound, WiMax/WLAN options, ... ) can be set using the taskbar buttons. For this to work (we need to change people's habits, a difficult task), it requires a very insightly/simplified BASH, and a very simple tree-structure. Also, I envisioned to make the UMPC more simple so that even people in developing countries can work with it (which seems useful as GNU/Linux is already being used for this -see Sugar (OS of One Laptop Per Child) and ie Ubuntu-). To allow the latter, we need to hence make things "very" uncomplicated. As GNU/Linux is even more difficult to work with than Windows or OS X, it requires a lot of changes to be done.

OS
To construct the embedded OS in practice, probably the best approach would be to select a linux distribution which standardly works on the latest x window environment (at the moment blackbox, enlightenment and to a lesser extent xfce). This Linux distro that makes use hereof should be chosen as the standard programs (browser, writer, ...) vary depending on the x desktop environment (eg the browser under KDE is normally Konqueror, office under kde is Koffice; while under GNOME Epiphany and OpenOffice are heavily used). Also, the Linux version to be used might be best kept as simple as possible (to reduce the needed computing power for the machine). To do so, I included a list of suggestions that may be implemented into current Linux-distro's. This document is available at http://docs.google.com/Doc?id=dcwtr665_190fz23z2gx and locally at wikiversity at the Linux adaptations for UMPC design-article.

Extra features
The UMPC is to have a

 * integrated GPS (and later-on, Galileo)-receiver,
 * digital still camera (similar as on cellphones; perhaps a liquid zoom lens may be added)
 * audio recorder (microphone; on headset)

These extra's should be added so that the UMPC may be used for GPS-navigation, taking pictures, recording audio and provide communication. The GPS/Galileo would be used to determine the location and letting both the user and his friends aware of this. Local audio communication is to be provided via VoIP over WiMax. Besides local communication, phone calls should also be possible when the WiMax network is connected to the internet. It would also be highly recommended if the UMPC is to have a 64-bit CPU (as too may be integrated in some low-cost subnotebooks as the Eee-PC; in its future 2nd-generation version). The features would also increase the value on the market as few UMPC's (if any) exist with integrated GPS-receivers or digital still cameras/microphones. Also, it may attract more people wanting to invest in the development of the device (eg DARPA which is also developing a GPS-handheld).

Integrated WiFi (or preferably WiMax)-functionality (to receive internet-access, WLAN, local WiMax audio broadcasts, reading of RFID-information from personnal, implanted transmitters, ...) may not be really required (this may also be added via a exterior WiFi-dongle or USB-tenna). A dongle may allow increased range (if it is placed in a tin can or wok, hereby creating a Cantenna/WokFi), and greatly increasing the range (up to 20km with wok). Certain USB-tenna's may also increase the range to 18 km and are even much smaller (able to be integrated unto the UMPC itself). This is offcourse the best course of action, yet low-cost versions need to be created then. If a regular can or even better, special antenna's are to be used (eg small slotted waveguide's), integrated WiFi-functionality is required and a integrated connection for a external antenna is to be included. With cantenna's and small slotted waveguides, 4 km (or slightly more) may however only be attained (use can be made of mult-functional cans however as a french press in travel version; to increase functionality). See the 'Wireless Hacks" book by Rob Flickenger for construction plans/designs. The integration of a plug-in for a external antenna finally not only allows the user not to need to solder on their UMPC to install the cantenna, but also allows plugging-in large amateur radio antenna's to increase the range (sometimes reffered to as "hamtennas"). This increase in range can be even greater, but can only be done when not on the road (eg in homes or settlements). Aldough in time, WiMax is to be preferred, the options described above may be used for later adaption to this new wireless LAN-method.

Reading of RFID-information via WiMax is another very important feature. It allows to approximately locate a person and keep track of his whereabouts on a digital map. To do so, the GPS/Galileo-information of the transmission can be recorded and a approximate location (given the RFID-transmitter's transmission range) can be shown. Also, the RFID-transmitter can transmit some personal information alongside and sent his unique RFID-number. This number, that performs the same function as a given name (more precise dough, as no 2 the same numbers can be present, unlike with given names) should also be able to be introduced into a single (preferably continental union-wide) database to retrieve any additional personal information, should this be required.

Practical creation
UMPC's that may be chosen to include the software and implement the headset/stylus hardware modifications include Lenovo, Palm, Clarion, ...Their models have been presented at the Las Vegas Consumer Electronics Show. Nearly all these models work on a non-embedded Linux version. OQO and LG also have a suitable UMPC yet these run Windows Vista (which may of course be altered). As such, possible buyers must be found in these computer firms. Finally, Fujitsu has a very interesting (low-cost; 105$) tablet PC (the Digital Textbook) coming up which is also ideally suitable for the improvements described.

Cooperation
Companies that may cooperate in realising the device in practice:

 * DARPA/US Army (Commander'/Soldiers' Digital Assistant-team)
 * EduVision E-Learning (and its partners) to replace their “E-Slate”-handheld
 * One Laptop Per Child-foundation (as alternative to OLPC)
 * Samsung, Clarion, Palm, LG, OQO and other UMPC manufacturers
 * Dragon NaturallySpeaking
 * Palm
 * Google (if aligned with Google Services). As Google is also creating an open-source OS (Android) and is focusing on GPS devices and handhelds, portable phones, ... alignment with Google is well-possible. An alternative OS being worked out, and which is capable of being used on low-cpu intensive devices is Uclinux. This OS as well as other OS' may be used with open-source GPS-software (see links below).

More information
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samsung_Q1 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra-Mobile_PC http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_recognition http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dragon_NaturallySpeaking (Most known speech recognition software package)
 * Ultra-Mobile PC with headset and speech recognition

http://www.enlightenment.org/p.php?p=download&l=en http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desktop_environment http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_X_Window_System_desktop_environments http://www.umpcportal.com/gallery/v/lenovo/ Lenovo UMPC (running on Red Flag Linux) http://www.generationmp3.com/index.php/2008/01/11/8282-ces-08-encore-deux-umpcmid-chez-toshiba-et-clarion *Clarion UMPC (also running on Linux) http://www.pocketables.net/2007/04/palm_umpc_more_.html Palm UMPC (predicted to run Linux) http://www.ubergizmo.com/15/archives/2008/01/_lg_48inch_umpc_wow.html (LG UMPC) http://www.umpc.se/category/oqo/ (OQO UMPC) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Textbook (The Fujitsu tablet pc) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_tablet_PCs TabletKiosk Sahara and Axiotron Modbook
 * Enlightenment x desktop environment (available for Ubuntu, Gentoo, Fedora, ...)
 * X destop environments
 * Other UMPC that might have the options above hooked up

http://www.tapsns.com/ http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/podcasts/radio/worldbiz/worldbiz_20080101-0800.mp3 http://www.bbc.co.uk/mediaselector/check/worldservice/meta/tx/digital_planet?size=au&bgc=003399&lang=en-ws&nbram=1&nbwm=1&ls=p1248 http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/dasher/
 * Mark Anderson of SNS predicting the rise of the UMPC in 2008 ("Ten Pedictions for 2008")
 * Mark Anderson's interview by Peter Day (World of Business program; "GlobalBiz: Mark Anderson 01 Jan 08") In this documentary an overview of the "all-screen" Ultra Mobile PC is presented
 * BBC's Digital Planet of 1 Jan 2008, marking the need of new technology for hands free writing (which this UMPC design will offer)
 * The Cambridge Universities 'Interference Group', which has developed a method of keyboard free writing (Dasher)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WokFi http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantenna http://host219.ipowerweb.com/~freenet-/oscommerce-2.2ms2/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=272&osCsid=5f4aee62c514daac2dfc8580c52b0f8f (very small 18.5 km range USB-tenna) http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/930559.html (extra info on usb-tenna and how to make it cheaper)
 * WokFi's and Cantenna's

http://www.eduvision.or.ke/technology/tech4.html Tablet pc's already created at low cost, marking the possibility of lowering the price for UMPC's as well http://www.infodev.org/en/Publication.107.html http://code.google.com/android/ http://www.uclinux.org/ http://www.opengts.org/ http://www.opendmtp.org/ http://opensourcegis.org/
 * E-slate handheld example showing that educational computers may be used no larger than 9x5 inches
 * Android
 * Uclinux
 * Open source gps

http://www.elektor.com/magazines/2008/october/multi-purpose-gps-receiver.684158.lynkx (first type; computer connected)
 * Open source hardware GPS-unit example (Galileo needs to be added still)

title: Improved UMPC design


text:
User:Lord Garfield~enwikiversity

Country: Belgium Age: 27

title: User:Lord Garfield~enwikiversity


text:
Infusion maker

This article describes how to make an allround "infusion maker", suited to making a variety of drinks. This design was taken from my website.

Overview
The infusion maker outlined herein would be suitable for making (perfect) tea, herbal tea, coffee, mate, ginger ale, jamaica/karkade, set hot water and make other warm beverages. The infusion maker would primarily replace current tea makers. Current tea makers are presently in no way qualified for their job as they do not include accurate temperature control per type of tea and as they do not include certain extra functions (found in my model). The infusion maker I created would also be able to replace a number of different devices, including water boiler, coffee machine, tea maker (if present) through the extra functions I added. In addition, the tea maker would facilitate tea making as one does not need to remain any longer with the machine, and through the use of an embedded control panel with buttons, black, green and other teas can be made precisely right (at correct temperature). In addition, the device is created so that the tea cannot be corrupted (eg., by the warming plate keeping the tea at a higher temperature than optimal for the tea in question, ...)

Parts

 * 1) Water boiler compartment
 * 2) Water compartment with constant temperature control (below 100°C e.g. 80° or 90°, depending on the setting entered) Note that a valve is present (marked in green)
 * 3) Control panel with buttons, presets, ..
 * 4) French press rod (controlled via on-board microchip/control panel); hollow on the inside for letting the water to pass;outside has a screw thread; another screw thread is present on the machine itself. The water comes out at the yellow circle
 * 5) french press (may be possible to use 1 or 2 together); the top of the french press is removable and can be secured to the bottom by screwing or alternatively with a rubber band
 * 6) hot plate (keeps beverage warm)
 * 7) electric motor (rotates the french press rod with screw thread)
 * 8) water tap, directly connected to water boiler compartment; has embedded valve/faucet

Notes on the control panel
The control panel would feature a small LCD-screen on which the number of degrees can be set for the heat of the water and warming plate, as well as speed of the motor, and the number of minutes the water needs to boil prior to use it. Optional would be to implement several preset-buttons. The flash-memory would also need to have data about the best temperature for common herbal teas, mate's, coffees, ... so with a simple push of a preset-button, tea (and other beverages) can be made. Perhaps an aerator can be added to the machine to aerate the tea (this is normally done by pouring from great height in a cup) and controlled by the control panel. Although the latter is not essential, the practice is used in many parts of the world to enhance tea flavour and would thus make a valuable extra asset.

Notes on the french press-section cavity
The french pot (or pots) themselves would feature two securing bars (extracted when placed in machine) to hold the cups firmly when placed in the machine (in addition to the plunger). Also the plunger of the french press would be electrically operated by the infusion maker. This would be done by a physical connection between the plunger and the machine (see 6 on the drawing). When plugged in, the plunger would be operated by a electrical engine which would be able to move the plunger entirely up (within a certain time limit). When moving up, the plunger would also turn around its axis (to stir up the herbal tea evenly around on the plunger). When the plunger reaches the top, it should be out of the water (water level is not to come to the upmost top). Also, the cavity in the tea maker would need to allow the insertion of 1 or 2 french presses (secured by respectively 1 or 2 physical connecting bars; see 6).

The lids of the french pots should also include a firm closure to prevent the pot from spilling as the rods within the pots turn.

Advantages

 * The tea maker allows the user to set perfect tea, no matter whether he has any experience with tea setting (several different temperatures are used depending on the type of tea)
 * trough the rotating catchment in the french press, the full bouquet/extraction of the tea leaves/powder can happen, unlike in teabags
 * less trouble to set tea; like a coffeemaker its quicker and one does not need to remain with the teasetting
 * embedded other functions, allowing multiple use (hereby being cheaper than buying all the separate machines and allowing more space in the kitchen and less clean-up as well)

Users
As interest is again increasing for healthy beverages, a model for a good all-round infusion maker is now probably highly wanted. With the step-up of health diets (CRON-diet, veganism, vegetarianism, macrobiotics, ...) and the increase in health food stores, low (or no)-sugar beverages that taste right will probably come up again on the list. In addition, increasing support is now given in certain parts of the world (eg Kenya) against ethanol consumption. This, as in these countries (in ours by the way as well), ethanol-consumption (spirits, beers, ...) is a major factor of not only health problems but other social problems as domestic violence as well. In parts as Kenya, local "moonshining"-cultures have created even greater problems as at these places, local spirits are sometimes corrupted (eg through addition of sulphuric acid) or are made in a bad manner, hereby accidentally allowing the formation of methanol (which causes blindness). Problems as these are now high on the agenda and have recently come about again with the public charge Yunasi has done with their song (which won a major BBC contest).

More information
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_press
 * French press example

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tea
 * Wikipedia Tea-article (see preparation and difference in preparation depending on culture)

http://www.yunasi.com/events.htm
 * Ethanol-culture sparking problems in Kenya, ...

title: Infusion maker


text: User:Emesee Mobile

title: User:Emesee Mobile


text: User talk:Emesee Mobile

title: User talk:Emesee Mobile