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User talk:Justin.joel

 Hello Justin.joel, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

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title: User talk:Justin.joel


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User talk:Marmic

 Hello Marmic, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

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license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Marmic


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User talk:Olson.joel

 Hello Olson.joel, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

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NAU-POS254-Classical liberalism and conservatism
I noticed that you cleaned out the content on the above page (NAU-POS254-Classical liberalism and conservatism). Perhaps it would be easier for you to simply move the old material to a new page (like NAU-POS254-Classical liberalism and conservatism/Spring 2010?) for posterity, as much of the writing is rather useful. Ottava Rima (talk) 12:50, 23 May 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Olson.joel


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User talk:MattRuiz

 Hello MattRuiz, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

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title: User talk:MattRuiz


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User talk:Begay86039

 Hello Begay86039, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

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title: User talk:Begay86039


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User talk:Berry.Andrew

 Hello Berry.Andrew, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

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title: User talk:Berry.Andrew


text:
User talk:Janiepuentes

 Hello Janiepuentes, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

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Suit-related pages
FYI, your recent suit-related page creations have been deleted because they are advertising. For more info, see Mission. Sincerely, James -- Jtneill - Talk - c 23:40, 8 July 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Janiepuentes


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Talk:Web 2.0

Community
We will create the content!

Keep up the good work all! CQ 20:43, 8 July 2009 (UTC)

Subpage names
It would probably be a good idea to rename the subpages with a "/" character. ie. Web 2.0 Tools to Web 2.0/Tools. --mikeu talk 15:40, 27 January 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Web 2.0


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User:Manishsrivastava

Manish Srivastava

title: User:Manishsrivastava


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User talk:Dinkar2008

Nikhiam
Hi Dinkar2008, The page above has been deleted because it appears to be advertising. However, you may consider adding relevant links to specific learning resources from appropriate pages or even building related learning resources on Wikiversity. Sincerely, James. -- Jtneill - Talk - c 23:52, 8 July 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dinkar2008


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Tibetan language/Tibetan-English dictionaries

 * Dharma Dictionary is an excellent online Tibetan/English dictionary for Wylie. You just place the Wylie text to be searched in the search field located to the left of the screen. If the word contains a number of phonemes it is best to place them within closed quotation marks prior to searching.

The Dharma Dictionary is an ongoing collaborative online project involved in compiling Buddhist terminology and translation terms supporting the translation from the Tibetan to English languages. Commenced in 1979, it has grown to a collection of circa 306,000 entries or 21 megabytes.

 * This project should be linked in with Wiktionary so that all terms mapped and translated should also be transwikied into Wiktionary. There is also Tibetan Wiktionary. We need a protocol and process to be codified in a Lesson Plan. Would somebody please establish linkages with Wiktionary and find out and report back please?

 * User:B9 hummingbird hovering/Tibetan-English Dictionary (Buddhism)

 * The magnificence of Scribd canot be understated, please refer this entire Tibetan-English Dictionary: Jaeschke - A Tibetan-English Dictionary Though it is not a recent source, it should not preclude it from being a reference. A sense of historicity and choice of lexicon and evolving register is important for a lotsawa.

 * Wikimedia Incubator may be an appropriate forum for a Tibetan-English bilingual dictionary within the auspice of Wikimedia. Please follow this discussion and progress: Incubator:Incubator:Community_Portal.


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User:B9 hummingbird hovering/Tibetan-English Dictionary (Buddhism)

Photentic transcription, Wylie transcription and an English translation
a shed ~ a shad ~ letter A used in the form of flaming red triangle in tummo

Ati ~ a ti ~ Atiyoga

bardo ~ bar do ~ intermediate state

Bön ~ bon ~ ancient Tibetan religion

Bönpo ~ bon po ~ Bönpo practitioner

bum ~ 'bum ~ 100.000, a 100.000 times

chadrub yeshe ~ bya grub ye shes ~ all-accomplishing wisdom

chag ~ chags ~ desire, attachment

chag dang ~ chags sdang ~ desire-attachment and anger-rejection

chakgya chenpo ~ phyag rgya chen po ~ 'great symbol', Mahamudra

chal drol chenpo ~ phyal grol chen po ~ chal: all pervading, drol: liberation, chenpo: total; total liberation that pervades everywhere

champa ~ byams pa ~ loving kindness, Skt: maitri

chang ~ chang ~ Tibetan beer

chang ~ byang ~ purify, purified

changchog ~ byang chog ~ 'purification rite', practice for purification and transference, when a person has died

changchub ~ byang chub ~ bodhi, enlightenment, purified and perfected

changchub sem ~ byang chub sems ~ bodhichitta, 1. totally perfected state, chang: purify, in dzogchenDzogchen already purified; chub: perfected since the beginning;; meaning the same as dzogchen,Dzogchen, the totally perfected state, condition of mind; 2. bodhichitta in sutra:Sutra: a mind set on enlightenment changchub sempa ~ byang chub sems dpa' ~ bodhisattva

chatsol dralwa ~ bya rtsol bral ba ~ without effort

chawai gyüd ~ bya ba'i rgyud ~ tantra of action, Skt. kriyatantraKriyatantra

chen ~ chen ~ great, total

chig char ~ cig car ~ non-gradual path, simultaneously

chig charwa ~ cig car ba ~ 'immediate' type of practitioner

chigpa ~ gcig pa ~ same, one single thing

chigpu ~ gcig pu ~ unique, unique taste, 1 of the 4 tamtsig

chikhai bardo ~ 'chi kha'i bar do ~ bardo of the moment of death

chingwa ~ bying ba ~ drowsiness, sleepiness

chitar khyenpa ~ ji ltar mkhyen pa ~ wisdom of quality

chiti ~ spyi ti ~ a dzogchenDzogchen subdivision (ati, chiti, yangti)

chö ~ chos ~ dharma, existence, phenomena; teaching, knowledge of existence

chöd ~ gcod ~ cut, practice of Chöd, 'cutting off'

chöd ~ chod ~ be separated, comes apart (as in tregchöd)Tregchöd)

chödag ~ chos bdag ~ master of teaching

chödpa ~ spyod pa ~ attitude, conduct, way of behaving, application, how one must apply, behavior, the behavior for integrating with the practice and the view

chödpa ~ gcod pa ~ chödChöd practitioner

chog jin ~ mchog sbyin ~ supreme offering

chog lhung dralwa ~ phyogs lhung bral ba ~ without falling into limitations

chögyal ~ chos rgyal ~ 'dharma king', temporal and spiritual ruler (skt: dharmaraja)

chogshagchogzhag ~ cog bzhag ~ Dzogchen-practice of 'leave it just as it is', 'leaving it without correcting it', remaining as it is, 4 aspects of practice of contemplation in upadeshaUpadesha

chogshag nampa shichogzhag nampa zhi ~ cog bzhag rnam pa bzhi ~ four chogshag,chogzhag, 4 aspects of practice of contemplation s.a. riwo-, gyatso-, rigpa-, nangwa- chogshagchogzhag

chöku ~ chos sku ~ dharmakaya, dimension of the absolute

chölug ~ chos lugs ~ way of dharma, religion, a organized system of doctrine

chönjung ~ chos 'byung ~ triangle, two triangles crossed, 'star of David', Skt. trikona

chönyid ~ chos nyid ~ dharmata, ultimate nature, nature of phenomena of existence

chönyid ngönsum kyi nangwa ~ chos nyid mngon sum kyi snang ba ~ 1. vision of the direct perception of reality

chönyid bardo ~ chos nyid bar do ~ bardo of ultimate nature, bardo of dharmata

chönyid zedpaisedpai nangwa ~ chos nyid zad pa'i snang ba ~ 4. vision of the consummation or exhausting of reality

chödpai gyüd ~ spyod pa'i rgyud ~ caryatantra, tantra of behavior

chörten ~ mchod rten ~ stupa, represents the mind of the Buddhas

chöying ~ chos dbyings ~ ultimate dimension of phenomena, fundamental nature of existence, true condition of phenomena, dimension of existence, dimension of emptiness of primordial being, dharmadhatu

chözedchösed ~ chos zad ~ see: chönyid sedpai nangwa

chub ~ chub ~perfected, obtain knowledge

chüdlen ~ bcud len ~ rasayana, taking in the essence of elements, one of the 4 practices for overcoming attachment

da ~ brda ~ sign, symbol, indication

da yig ~ brda yig ~ symbolic letters, symbol for communication (terma)

da shizhi ~ brda bzhi ~ 4 signs of Longde practice 1. clarity - sal (gsal ba'i brda), 2. beyond thought - mitogpa (mi rtog pa'i brda), 3. sensation of pleasure - dewa (bde ba'i brda), 4. inseparability - yermed (dbyer med kyi brda)

dang ~ gdangs ~ dharmakaya aspect of energy, continuous energy of emptiness, a type of energy that is characteristic of the primordial state, one of the 3 modes of energy in DC, radiance

dang ~ sdang ~ aversion, hatred

de dröd ~ bde drod ~ sensation of pleasure and heat

de nyam ~ bde nyams ~ experience of pleasure, = dewai nyam

dechen ~ bde chen ~ mahasukha, total bliss

de gyed ~ sde brgyad ~ 'eight classes' of powerful beings

den nyi zungsung jug ~ bden gnyis zung 'jug ~ union of the two truths (absolute and relative)

deng drol thogtu cha ~ gdeng grol thog tu 'cha' ~ gain confidence in self-liberation, having confidence in the liberation, continue in the state of contemplation, 3rd of Garab Dorje's testament

desheg kagyed ~ bde gshegs bka' brgyad ~ eight great sugatas (buddhas), 'Eight Sadhana Teachings'

desheg nyingpo ~ bde gshegs snying po ~ sugatagarbha, buddha-nature, sugata-essence, [essence of enlightenment present in all sentient beings]

detong ~ bde stong ~ experience related to sensation of pleasure, one of the three types of experience; de (wa): sensation, a feeling of pleasure; tong: empty

dewa ~ bde ba ~ pleasure, experience of pleasure, pleasurable experience

dewa chenpo ~ bde ba chen po ~ sensation of total bliss, mahasukha

dewai nyam ~ bde ba'i nyams ~ pleasurable sensation, experience of pleasure

deshindezhin shegpa ~ bde bzhin gshegs pa ~ tathagata, buddha

digdzub (chakgya) ~ sdigs mdzub (phyag rgya) ~ mudra of the 'threatening pointer'

dö ~ mdos ~ ritual for appeasing mundane spirits

dödchag ~ 'dod chags ~ attraction, attachment, passion

dogpa ~ zlog pa ~ 'sending back provocations'

dödma ~ gdod ma ~ primordial

dödmai naljor ~ gdod ma'i rnal 'byor ~ primordial yoga, Atiyoga

dorje ~ rdo rje ~ vajra, indestructible real condition

dorje chang ~ rdo rje 'chang ~ bearer of vajra, Vajradhara

dorjei depa ~ rdo rje'i bzlas pa ~ vajra recitation

dorjei ku ~ rdo rje'i sku ~ vajrakaya, dimension of vajra

dorjei lu ~ rdo rje'i glu ~ Song of the Vajra

dorjei tsig ~ rdo rje'i tshig ~ vajra words

dra ~ sgra ~ sound (that is the base of energy)

dra rigpa ~ sgra rig pa ~ knowledge of the words, grammar and syntax, language

drebu ~ 'bras bu ~ fruit, result, fruition, consequence

drebu nyi ~ 'bras bu gnyis ~ two kinds of fruit

dribpa ~ sgrib pa ~ obstacles, darken, veil, hindrance, impediment, obscuration, state of being obscured

drol ~ grol ~ liberation, achieving the state of liberation

drolwa ~ sgrol ba ~ mahayogaMahayoga practice of forced liberation / elimination

drug ~ 'brug ~ dragon

drugpa ~ 'brug pa ~ school of Tibetan Buddhism

Drugpa Kagyüd ~ 'brug pa bka' rgyud ~ school of Tibetan Buddhism

dung ~ gdung ~ bone relics of the cremated corpse

duwai ngöpo shizhi ~ bsdu ba’i dngos po bzhi ~ 4 ways to attract sentient beings

dzedpa ~ 'dzad pa ~ to be consumed, exhausted

dzinpa ~ 'dzin pa ~ subject

dzog ~ rdzogs ~ perfected, completed

Dzogchen ~ rdzogs chen ~ Dzog: perfected, all our qualifications etc.; chen: totally; usually 'Great Perfection', but actually 'Total Perfection', our own state, the reality of our true condition, (our own) totally self perfected state dzogchenpa ~ rdzogs chen pa ~ a realized Dzogchen practitioner

Dzogpa Chenpo ~ rdzogs pa chen po ~ see: Dzogchen

dzogrim ~ rdzogs rim ~ perfectioning stage, method of perfecting, completion phase

EVAM ~ e wam ~ symbolizes method and prajna,prajña, thab (thabs) and sherab (shes rab)

gakyil ~ dga' 'khyil ~ triskelion

gar ~ sgar ~ camp, encampment, settlement

gawa shizhi ~ dga' ba bzhi~ four joys, means tied to sensation, see: 4 gawas

geg ~ bgegs ~ interruptions, (cause of) obstacles

gegtred ~ bgegs bskrad ~ dispel the obstructers / obstructing forces; banishing hindrances

Gelug (pa) ~ dge lugs (pa) ~ one of the 4 main schools of Tibetan Buddhism, founded by Tsongkhapa

geshe, gewai shenyen ~ dge bshes, dge ba'i bshes gnyen ~ 'virtuous friend', kalyanamitra, a scholar [academic title], holder of a high academic degree in Buddhist philosophy. 1) A spiritual teacher according to the Mahayana teachings. 2) a learned teacher according to the Kadam, Gelug traditions go sum ~ sgo gsum ~ three doors, three gates: body, voice and mind

gödpa ~ rgod pa ~ agitation

gomchen ~ sgom chen ~ 'great meditator'

gommed ~ sgom med ~ beyond meditation, last of the 4 yogas of Mahamudra

gom, gompa ~ sgom, sgom pa ~ meditation, application, way of practizing, practice

gomrim ~ sgom rim ~ meditation based on the gradual path

gongpa ~ dgongs pa ~ primordial state, state of knowledge, essential principle

gongter ~ dgongs gter ~ treasure of the state of knowledge, mind-treasure, terma rediscovered within one's consciousness

gönpa ~ dgon pa ~ monastery, vihara, solitary place

gyached chog lhung dralwa ~ rgya chad phyogs lhung bral ba ~ not falling into any concepts of limitations

gyaling ~ rgya gling ~ shawm

gyalpo ~ rgyal po ~ 1. king; 2. class of evil spirits

gyar ma chedpa ~ rgyar ma chad pa ~ not falling into limitation

gyatso chogshagchogzhag ~ rgya mtsho cog bzhag ~ 'leaving it without correcting it, like the ocean

gyen ~ rgyan ~ ornament

gyülü ~ sgyus lus ~ illusory body

gyüd ~ rgyud ~ tantra, 'continuity'

gyuwa ~ 'gyu ba ~ movement (of thought), the movement aspect of our condition

heddewa ~ had de ba ~ state free of mental activity, startled, shocked surprise without concepts

jalü ~ 'ja' lus ~ rainbow body

jalü phowa chenpo ~ 'ja' lus 'pho ba chen po ~ 'great transfer of the rainbow body, accomplishment of the rainbow body while still alive, ultimate realization of Dzogchen practice

je ~ rje ~ lord, superior

jethob ~ rjes thob ~ je: after, the period of time after; thob: obtaining something; (phase of) post-meditation, acting in ordinary life after meditation

ji nye khyenpa ~ ji snyed mkhyen pa ~ wisdom of quantity

jigten chögyed ~ 'jig rten chos brgyad ~ eight worldly interests / dharmas / concerns: attachment to gain, pleasure, praise and fame, and aversion to loss, pain, blame and bad reputation

jishinwajizhinwa ~ ji bzhin ba / pa ~ what is, as it is, suchness, the authentic condition, state of being just as it is, natural state

jorwa ~ sbyor ba ~ 1. to prepare, to mix; to apply; 2. Mahayoga practice of union

jugpa ~ 'jug pa ~ enter, entering into action, application

jung ne dro sum ~ 'byung gnas 'gro gsum ~ 'arising, staying, going: three' investigating thought, where thought arises, where it remains and where it disappears

ka ~ bka' ~ word, pronouncement

kadag ~ ka dag ~ pure from the beginning, syn. shunyata

Kadampa ~ bka' gdams pa ~ school of Tibetan Buddhism

kagyed ~ bka' brgyad ~ cycle of eight deities

Kagyüd (pa) ~ bka' brgyud (pa) ~ one of the four main schools of Tibetan Buddhism

kama ~ bka' ma ~ oral transmission, teachings transmitted without interruption

kangzag ~ gang zag ~ individual, person, pudgala

Karma Kagyüd ~ kar ma bka' brgyud ~ one of the Kagyü-schools

kham ~ khams ~ element, realm, individual constitution, Skt. dhatu

khandro ~ mkha' 'gro ~ dakini

khatag ~ kha btags ~ ceremonial scarf

khatvanga ~ kha twam ga ~ trident, khatvanga

khor de ~ 'khor 'das ~ samsara and nirvana

khorde rangdrol ~ 'khor 'das rang grol ~ khor: Samsara, de: Nirvana,samsara, de: nirvana, rangdrol: self-liberation, 'samsara, nirvana and the concepts that define them are self-liberated and perfected in our true nature.'

khorde rushen ~ 'khor 'das ru shan ~ practice of separating samsara and nirvana (distinguishing between mind & the nature of mind)

khorde yermed ~ 'khor 'das dbyer med ~ main view of the Sakyapa: indivisibility of samsara and nirvana

khoryugma ~ khor yug ma ~ meditation that arises effortlessly, automatically, 'which governs all'

khoryugtu ~ khor yug tu ~ at all times

khujug ~ khu byug ~ cuckoo

khyung ~ khyung ~ garuda

kompai nyam ~ goms pa'i nyams ~ experience of familiarization

ku sum ~ sku gsum ~ three kayas or dimensions: dharmakaya, sambhogakaya and nirmanakaya

kun dzob (denpa) ~ kun rdzob (bden pa) ~ relative or provisional (truth)

kundü yidshinyidzhin norbu ~ kun 'dus yid bzhin nor bu ~ kundü: all is unified, union of guru, devas and dakinis,

yidshinyidzhin norbu: wish-fulfilling jewel practice-form of guruyoga, in which all gurus, yidams etc. are unified in the manifestation of the master

kunkhyen ~ kun mkhyen ~ omniscience, omniscient

Kuntuzangpo thug kyi tenpa ~ Kun tu bzang po thugs kyi bstan pa ~ teachings of the mind of Samantabhadra

kunshikunzhi ~ kun gzhi ~ kun: all, everything; shi:zhi: base; 'the base of all', inherent condition or base of both samsara and nirvana, 'primordial base'. In yogachara kunshiyogacharaYogachara kunzhi is the base, because that is where our potentiality of karma is stored, where ones karmic traces are accumulated.

kyangma ~ rkyang ma ~ Skt. lalana, solar channel, one of the three chief nadis in the body, male left, female right side

kyedrim ~ bskyed rim ~ development stage, method of developing

kyeshii bardo ~ skye shi’i bar do ~ bardo between birth and death

kyilkhor ~ dkyil 'khor ~ 'center and surrounding', mandala

la ~ bla ~ life-force, life energy, vital principle, energy

labpa ~ bslab pa ~ training

ladawa ~ la zla ba ~ to pass beyond, going beyond

lhadre ~ lha 'dre ~ lha: deva (Skt.), something positive, dre: evil spirit, lhadre: good and bad, goodness and evil, dualistic vision

lam ~ lam ~ path, way

lama ~ bla ma ~ guru, teacher, master

le nang ~ las snang ~ karmic vision

lha ~ lha ~ divinity, deity, Skt. deva

lhagthong ~ lhag mthong ~ lhag: something more, thong: to see; insight, actually real or experiential knowledge and understanding of the movement aspect of our condition, vipashyana (Pali vipassana)

lhangtsed ~ lhangs tshad ~ trials for chödChöd practitioners, visions induced by chödChöd

lhödpa ~ lhod pa ~ relaxed

lhugpa ~ lhug pa ~ relaxing in instant presence which is real relaxation

lhundrub ~ lhun grub ~ self-perfected state, spontaneously present, infinite qualifications, infinite potentiality of manifestations, primordial potentiality, the final state of the four Contemplations of the Dzogchen Semde

logpai kundzob ~ log pa'i kun rdzob ~ erroneous or incorrect relative condition

lojong ~ blo sbyong ~ mind training

long ~ klong ~ space, primordial space

long chen ~ klong chen ~ total space, the universe

longde ~ klong sde ~ series of (primordial) space

longku ~ longs sku ~ sambhogakaya, dimension of manifestation of energy of light, manifestation of energy level, dimension of the richness of qualities

lü dultren teng ~ lus rdul phran dengs ~ lü: physical body; dultren: atom, very tiny atom; teng: entering the atom; the body slowly disappearing into emptiness, when applying the practice of integration in a state of emptiness, or a Tantrictantric practice, and gaining realization in that; not rainbow body

lüd ~ glud ~ name of a rite for ransoming

lung ~ rlung ~ wind, air-element, one of the three humors, Skt. vayu

lung ~ lung ~ agama, summaries or collections of quotes from DCDzogchen tantras, some chapters of the main points of tantras, essentials of tantras, transmission of sound

machöpa ~ ma bcos pa ~ uncorrected, not correcting, unmodified

magag ~ ma 'gags ~ uninterrupted, unobstructed, unstopped

marigpa ~ ma rig pa ~ ignorance (of our state), not recognizing (rig pa),rigpa, not having knowledge of the primordial state

Marme Mönlam ~ mar me smon lam ~ practice of Invocation of the Lamp

melong ~ me long ~ mirror

men ~ sman ~ medicine

menngag ~ man ngag ~ secret instructions, upadeshaUpadesha

menngagde ~ man ngag sde ~ series of secret instructions, upadeshavarga

mendrub ~ sman grub ~ medicine empowered by practice, amrita

menpa chenpo ~ sman pa chen po ~ 'great doctor' epithet for the Buddha

mi nyi ~ mi gnyis ~ non-dual, non-duality

mi yowa ~ mi g.yo ba ~ unchangeable state, undisturbed state, not moving, the discovery that movement is part of one's real nature, one of four contemplations of Semde

milam ~ mi lam ~ dream

milam bardo ~ mi lam (gyi) bar do ~ bardo of dreaming

milam trugpa ~ mi lam dkrug pa ~ disordering the dream

min ~ smin ~ ripening

mitog samten ~ mi gtog bsam gtan ~ contemplation beyond thought

mitogpa ~ mi gtog pa ~ absence of thought, non disturbed by thought, without thinking, beyond thought

mitogpai nyam ~ mi gtog pa'i nyams ~ experience of absence of thought, non disturbed by thought, without thought

mo ~ mo ~ divination

mönlam ~ smon lam ~ invocation, aspiration, prayer, pranidhana, prayer, vow, good wishes, aspiration prayer

mönpa ~ smon pa ~ intention, aspiration

müntsam ~ mun mtsham ~ dark retreat

nal ~ rnal ~ original, natural condition

naljor ~ rnal 'byor ~ yoga, nal: original or authentic, never changing or modified, the original condition; jor: having this knowledge or understanding; yoga, in its real meaning of discovering our real condition, possessing the authentic condition

naljor gyüd ~ rnal 'byor rgyud ~ yogatantra

naljor nampa shizhi ~ rnal 'byor rnam pa bzhi ~ Four Yogas of Mahamudra according to Gampopa (phyag chen gyi rnal 'byor bzhi): single-pointed concentration: tsechig (rtse gcig), beyond concepts: trödral (spros bral), one taste: rochig (ro gcig), and beyond meditation: gommed (sgom med) naljorpa / ma ~ rnal 'byor pa / ma ~ yogin, yogini nalma ~ rnal ma ~ natural state, fundamental state, being in your own true nature nalwab ~ rnal dbab ~ settle into the natural state, resting in naturalness namkha arted ~ nam mkha' ar gtad ~ practice of sky gazing, integration into space, the integrating of one's state with the sky, sky gazing namkha chüdlen ~ nam kha' bcud len ~ chüdlen of space

namshe, nampar shepa ~ rnam shes, rnam par shes pa ~ consciousness

namtog ~ rnam rtog ~ ordinary thought, concepts

nang sid ~ snang srid ~ all that appears and exists

nang tong ~ snang stong ~ vision and emptiness

nang tong zungsung jug ~ snang stong zung 'jug ~ union of vision and emptiness

nang, nangwa ~ snang, snang ba ~ vision, perception, appearance

nangwa chogshagchogzhag ~ snang ba cog bzhag ~ chogshagchogzhag of vision

nangwa shizhi ~ snang ba bzhi ~ four visions according to the Dzogchen thödgalThödgal

natsog ~ sna tshogs ~ diversity, manifoldness, variety of phenomena

ne gyu rig (sum) ~ gnas 'gyu rig (gsum) ~ calm state, movement and presence

ned ~ nad ~ illness

negyu ~ gnas 'gyu ~ calm state and movement

nepa ~ gnas pa ~ the calm state

nepai ting nge dzin ~ gnas pa’i ting nge 'dzin ~ contemplation of the calm state

ngejung ~ nges 'byung ~ renunciation (in sutra)Sutra)

ngo ~ ngo ~ one's own condition, 'face'

ngo rang togtu tred ~ ngo rang thog tu 'phrad (sprad) ~ direct introduction, directly discover your state

ngöndro ~ sngon 'gro ~ preliminary practices

ngönsum ~ mngon sum ~ direct perception, real and concrete contact with, discovery through one's senses

Ngor ~ ngor ~ a division of Sakya school

ngowo nyidku ~ ngo bo nyid (kyi) sku ~ dimension of the union of the three dimensions ('bodies', kaya), svabhavikakaya

ngöshingözhi ~ dngos gzhi ~ main part of teaching

ngödrub ~ dngos grub ~ siddhi, realization, attainments, accomplishment, spiritual power [choggi ngödrub ~ mchog gi dngos grub highest attainment, thünmong ngödrub ~ thun mong dngos grub ~ ordinary attainments]

nyam ~ nyams ~ meditation experience, experience as a result of practice, s.a. de-, sal-, mitogpa-nyam

nyam ~ mnyam ~ sameness, equal

nyam gong phel gyi nangwa ~ nyams gong 'phel gyi snang ba ~ 2nd vision of the developing of experiences

nyam nang ~ nyams snang ~ vision of experience

nyam nang gong phel ~ nyams snang gong 'phel ~ see: nyam gong phel gyi nangwa

nyam je nyimed ~ mnyam rjes gnyis med ~ non-duality of nyamshagnyamzhag and jethob, of meditation and post-meditation, also total contemplation

nyamnyid ~ mnyam nyid ~ equality, equanimity, non-dual state, one of four contemplations

nyamshagnyamzhag ~ mnyam bzhag ~ 1. nyam: equanimity, shag:zhag: to leave it in the state as it is, referring to the fact that we are learning to relax into our own condition within the specific method of practice; contemplation, non-conceptual meditation recognition of the state of calm & movement, 2. kind of mudra or meditation posture

nya ngen lede ~ mya ngan las 'das~ nirvana, literally meaning 'gone beyond misery ', short: de ('das)

nye gyüd ~ nye brgyud ~ direct / short lineage; short transmission; close lineage, e.g. terma

nyengyüd ~ snyan rgyud ~ oral transmission, 'only a few words' oral teachings; in Bönpo: teachings received from visions, what is called 'pure visions' in other traditions

nyi ~ gnyis ~ two

nyid ~ nyid ~ self, -ness, state, the very, itself, the state of itself

nyimed ~ gnyis med ~ non-dual, not two

nying ~ snying ~ heart, center, nucleus

Nyingma (pa) ~ rnying ma (pa) ~ ancient tradition, one of the 4 main schools of Tibetan Buddhism

nyingthig ~ snying thig ~ innermost essence, [refers to the Innermost Unexcelled Cycle of Heart Essence (yang gsang bla na med pa'i snying thig gi skor), the fourth of the four divisions of the upadeshaUpadesha according to the arrangement of Shri Singha. All lineages of the Innermost Essence passed through Shri Singha and continued in Tibet through his disciples, Padmasambhava and Vimalamitra. The Nyingthig teachings have appeared through various lines of transmission; for instance, each major tertön reveals an independent cycle of Dzogchen instructions].

nyönmong ~ nyon smong ~ passions, delusions, negative emotions, klesha

nyongdrol ~ myong grol ~ tasting creates a cause for liberation, liberation through tasting (e.g. of empowered medicine)

ödsal ~ 'od gsal ~ clear light, luminosity

pagchag ~ bag chags ~ karmic potentiality or traces, ingrained predispositions, latent inclinations, vasana

pang ~ spang ~ abandoned, gone beyond

pawo ~ dpa' bo ~ hero, Skt. daka, vira

pedken ~ bad kan ~ phlegm, one of the 3 humors, Skt. kapha

pal ~ dpal ~ glorious, Skt. shri

parlung ~ bar rlung ~ kind of kumbhaka breathing

pharoltu chinpa ~ pha rol tu phyin pa ~ transcending perfection, paramita

phowa ~ 'pho ba ~ practice for the moment of death, directing the way one's consciousness emerges

phowa chenpo ~ 'pho ba chen po ~ great transference, rainbow body without even manifesting death

phowa chenpoi dorje ku ~ 'pho ba chen po'i rdo rje sku ~ indestructible body of great transference

phungpo ~ phung po ~ aggregate (refers to the five aggregates), s.a. 5 skhandas

phünsum tsog nga ~ phun sum tshogs lnga ~ five perfections

phurba ~ phur ba ~ 1) kilaya, Vajrakilaya (Dorje Phurba), 2) sacred dagger used in tantric rituals, kila.

pum wang ~ bum dbang ~ vase initiation

rakta ~ rak ta ~ blood, Skt. rakta

rang gyüdpa ~ rang rgyud pa ~ Svatantrika school of Madhyamaka

rang sar drol ~ rang sar grol ~ self-liberated

rangjung ~ rang byung ~ self-originated

rangjung yeshe ~ rang byung ye shes ~ self-originated wisdom

rangrig ~ rang rig ~ natural instantaneous presence

rangshinrangzhin ~ rang bzhin ~ nature

rangshinrangzhin ödsal ~ rang bzhin 'od gsal ~ natural clear light, practice of natural light

re dog dang dralwa ~ re dogs dang bral ba ~ beyond hope and fear, re: hope, dogs: fear, dang dralwa: beyond

regdrol ~ reg grol ~ contact with physical body creates a cause for liberation

rig ~ rig ~ 1. instant presence (see: rigpa); 2. generally intelligence

repa ~ ras pa ~ yogin practioner; lit: one wearing cotton, like Milarepa

rig tong ~ rig stong ~ instant presence and emptiness

rig drug ~ rigs drug ~ six classes of beings or six lokas

rigdzin ~ rig 'dzin ~ holder of knowledge, holder of non-dual presence, vidyadhara, realized being

rigpa ~ rig pa ~ 1. being in the state of instant presence, state of pure instantaneous presence, non-dual presence, knowledge or understanding of our natural state, knowledge of the potentiality of our state; 2. in Sutra instead: (ordinary) intelligence

rigpa chogshagchogzhag ~ rig pa cog bzhag ~ chogshagchogzhag of the state of instantaneous presence

rigpa tsedpheb kyi nangwa ~ rig pa tshad phebs kyi snang ba ~ 3. vision of the increasing of the full measure of rigpa, perfection of one's intrinsic presence

rigpai tsal wang ~ rig pa'i rtsal dbang ~ empowerment of the energy of rigpa, fundamental method of introduction given by the master by means of which the student is enabled to enter into knowledge of his / her own primordial state through empowerment of his / her own energy, introducing state of rigpa by the energy of tsal

rimed ~ ris med ~ respect for all traditions, non-sectarian, eclectic, without judgements, non-biased

rimedpa ~ ris med pa ~ someone with a non-biased attitude, belonging to the rimed movement

rimgyipa ~ rim gyis pa ~ gradual, lower level of higher capacity

ring gyüd ~ ring brgyud ~ 'long lineage', temporal historical transmission, e.g. kama

ringsel ~ ring bsrel ~ relics in form of tiny pills

riwo chogshagchogzhag ~ ri bo cog bzhag ~ chogshagchogzhag like a mountain

ro chig ~ ro gcig ~ one taste, third of the 4 yogas of Mahamudra

ro nyam ~ ro mnyam ~ 'same flavour'

rolpa ~ rol pa ~ (sambhogakaya-) aspect of energy, a kind of energy of the individual that manifests (only) within our dimension, that which manifests through infinite potentiality, one of the three modes of energy in Dzogchen

roma ~ ro ma ~ Skt. rasana, lunar channel male right, female left

rulog ~ ru log ~ turning back, reversing direction, reversing direction, going back to the origin, to the state of shizhi (base), process of reversing solid matter into radiant energy

rushen ~ ru shan ~ practice of separating samsara and nirvana

sa chigpa ~ sa gcig pa ~ single state, one bhumi

sa lam ~ sa lam ~ level of realization, lam: path (referring to the 5 paths) sa: bhumi (referring to the 10 bhumis)

sa ter ~ sa gter ~ treasure of the earth, terma of objects

sag jang ~ bsags sbyang ~ sag: accumulating merit, jang: purifying negative karma

Sakya (pa) ~ sa skya (pa) ~ one of the four traditions of Tibetan Buddhism

samatog ~ za ma tog ~ container for keeping objects of practice

samten ~ bsam gtan ~ Skt. dhyana, samadhi, meditative absorption, concentration (sam: to think, ten: to stabalise)

samten chenpo ~ bsam gtan chen po ~ samten: samadhi, chenpo: great, total samten chenpo: contemplation, not ordinary samadhi

sang ngag ~ gsang sngags ~ 'secret mantra', secret mantrayana

sangthal ~ zang thal ~ unobstructed, unimpeded, transparent, directly penetrating

sangwa ~ gsang ba ~ secret, hidden

sangye ~ sangs rgyas ~ Buddha, awakened one, enlightenment

Sarma ~ gsar ma ~ new, modern tradition, collective name for the schools founded after the 10th century

salnyam ~ gsal nyams ~ experience of clarity

salwa ~ gsal ba ~ clarity

sem ~ sems ~ 1. (ordinary) mind, 2. sometimes short for changchub sem, enlightened mind, bodhichitta

Sembön ~ sems bon ~ Bön of the nature of mind

semde ~ sems sde ~ de: series of teachings, sem: short for changchub sem, (chang: purified, chub: perfected, sem: mind) pure mind, pure condition; series of teachings of pure mind or pure condition

semdzin ~ sems 'dzin ~ practices of Dzogchen teaching

semnyid ~ sems nyid ~ nature of mind

semtrid ~ sems khrid ~ teaching on the nature of mind

seng, senge ~ seng, seng ge ~ lion

serkyem ~ gser skyems ~ 'golden beverage', liquid offering to guardians

shardrol ~ shar grol ~ liberated upon arising, self-liberated as it arises

she ~ shes ~ knowledge

shed gyüd ~ bshad rgyud ~ explanatory transmission

shedang ~ zhe sdangs ~ aversion, hatred, anger

sheddra ~ bshad grwa ~ scriptural college, study center

shejai dribpa ~ shes bya’i sgrib pa ~ obstacles related to knowledge, conceptual obstacles

shenjed ~ shan 'byed ~ differentiation, to separate, distinguish between

shenpa ~ zhen pa ~ attachment

shepa ~ shes pa ~ consciousness, cognition

sherab ~ shes rab ~ prajna,prajña, superior knowledge, energy of emptiness

sheshinshezhin ~ shes bzhin ~ self awareness, awareness of one's own behavior

shi ~ gzhi ~ ground, thebase

Shijed ~ Zhi byed ~ 'pacifier (of suffering)' main teaching of Pha Tampa, Machig Labdrön's main master, one of the eight practice lineages of Tibetan Buddhism

shi lhag sung jug ~ zhi lhag zung 'jug ~ union of shine & lhagtong, shamatha & vipashyana, union of emptiness and wisdom

shine ~ zhi gnas ~ shamatha, calm state, calming down, tranquil abiding

shitro ~ zhi khro ~ (Xitro), practice of peaceful and wrathful manifestations, practice for helping those who have died, involves the visualisation of the hundred peaceful and wrathful manifestations

sidpa ~ srid pa ~ existence of all phenomena

sidpai bardo ~ srid pa'i bar do ~ bardo of becoming

sidpar ru log ~ srid par ru log ~ reverse into origin, reversal, process of reversing solid matter into radiant energy

södnam ~ bsod nams ~ merit

sog ~ srog ~ life force, one of the 3 aspects of the life principle

sosor togpai yeshe ~ so sor rtogs pa'i yeshe ~ discriminating wisdom

sung jug ~ zung 'jug ~ union

sung khor ~ srung 'khor ~ circle of protection

tag ~ stag ~ tiger

tagdrol ~ btag / btags grol ~ wearing creates a cause for liberation, something to wear on the body of a dead or dying or living person which will place a positive cause for going onto the path in his / her future life, liberation through touch

tagnang ~ dag snang ~ pure vision, (transmission of teaching through) pure visions

tagpa rabjam ~ dag pa rab 'byams ~ infinite pure vision, pure vision or dimension without karmic traces

tamdze ~ dam rdzas ~ sacred substance, samaya substance, empowered medicine

tampa sum ~ dam pa gsum ~ three sacred principles: 1) refuge and bodhichitta, 2) contemplation beyond concepts, 3) dedication of merit

tamtsig ~ dam tshig ~ samaya, spiritual commitment, promise

tamtsig shizhi ~ dam tshig bzhi ~ four commitments, 1. nothingness, non-existent (medpa: med pa), 2. presence, omnipresence (chalpa: phyal pa), 3. self-perfected (lhundrub: lhun grub), 4. unique center of universe, singleness (chigpu: gcig pu)

tawa ~ lta ba ~ view, point of view, intuitive understanding of one's primordial state, way of seeing

tenpai nyam ~ brtan pa’i nyams ~ experience of stability

terma ~ gter ma ~ rediscovered teachings, treasure, treasure teachings

tertön ~ gter ston ~ revealer of terma

thab ~ thabs ~ method, skilful means, upaya

thag chig thogtu ched ~ thag gcig thog tu bcad ~ not remaining in doubt, 2nd statement of Garab Dorje

thal gyurpa ~ thal 'gyur pa ~ Prasangika-school of Madhyamaka

thalwa ~ thal ba ~ 'beyond', solar system-like dimension

thalwa chusum ~ thal ba bcu gsum ~ 13 solar system-like dimensions

thamalgyi shepa ~ tha mal gyi shes pa ~ 'ordinary consciousness', everyday mind not modified or changed

thangka ~ thang ka ~ Tibetan scroll painting

thar chinpai nyam ~ mthar phyin pa’i nyams ~ experience of ultimate accomplishment

thar lam ~ thar lam ~ path of liberation

thar lam de sum ~ thar lam sde gsum ~ 3 systems of the path of liberation

thegpa ~ theg pa ~ vehicle, support, yana

thegpa chenpo ~ theg pa chen po ~ great vehicle, Mahayana

thig ~ thigs ~ drop

thigle ~ thig le ~ sphere, representing our potentiality; a sphere without angles, which means something beyond all limitations, sphere of light, bindu

thigle chenpo ~ thig le chen po ~ total thigle, complete sphere

thobpai nyam ~ thob pa’i nyams ~ experience of attainment

thödgal ~ thod rgal ~ practice particular to the Dzogchen teaching

thödgal gyi nangwa shizhi ~ thod rgal gyi snang ba bzhi ~ 4 stages of vision in thödgal

thödrol ~ thos grol ~ listening creates a cause for liberation, liberation through hearing

thongdrol ~ mthong grol ~ seeing creates a cause for liberation, 'liberation through seeing', something that becomes a positive cause for the persons who see them

thug ~ thugs ~ state of the mind

thug kyi trulku ~ thugs kyi sprul sku ~ mind-incarnation

thugdam ~ thugs dam ~ state of meditation, practizing like this one dies in the meditation position remaining in it for three days after death, or sometimes even more until the body shows signs that the position is loosening up, which means that the consciousness has emerged

thugje ~ thugs rje ~ in Dzogchen: manifestation of the energy, the energy aspect of the base potentiality; in general: compassion

thugje magagpa ~ thugs rje ma 'gags pa ~ energy of primordial state manifesting without interruption

thun ~ thun ~ fixed length of time, session phase of practice,

thun dring~ thun 'bring ~ (tundrin) medium length practice session

thun dü ~ thun bsdus ~ (tundus) short practice, short length practice session

thun gye ~ thun rgyas ~ (tungyas) extensive practice, extensive length practice session

thun tsog ~ thun tshog ~ (tuncog)  ganapuja

ting nge dzin ~ ting nge 'dzin ~ contemplation, samadhi

tingdzin chenpo ~ ting 'dzin chen po ~ total contemplation, permanent condition of total presence

tingdzin khorjug chenpo ~ ting 'dzin khor yug chen po ~ tingdzin: contemplation, koryug chenpo: totally integrated in all circumstances, the all pervasive state of contemplation, total contemplation

tingdzin nampa shizhi ~ ting 'dzin rnam pa bzhi ~ four contemplations

ting sel ~ gting gsal ~ profound clarity

togden ~ rtogs ldan ~ 'one who gained understanding', more or less the same as naljorpa, yogin

togpa ~ rtog pa ~ to think

tön ~ don ~ meaning, benefit, true meaning, purpose

tön dam ~ don dam ~ absolute or ultimate meaning

tong nyam ~ stong nyams ~ experience of void

tongpa ~ stong pa ~ empty, open, shunya

tongpa nyid ~ stong pa nyid ~ emptiness, openness, shunyata

tongra ~ stong ra ~ tong: emptiness, ra: dimension; principle of Yantra Yoga, remaining present in the knowledge of emptiness, which is our dimension, instead of transforming ourselves into a yidam

torma ~ gtor ma ~ balingta, torma-offering

trang dön ~ drang don ~ conventional or provisional meaning

trashi ~ bkra shis ~ good fortune, auspiciousness

tregchöd ~ khregs chod ~ treg: binding something, chöd: something being cut, loose, free, something breaking automatically; method of practice of the Dzogchen upadesha,Upadesha, being totally relaxed in the knowledge and understanding of our real nature, after having been introduced; relaxing totally body, speech, mind and all tensions into the state of contemplation; total relaxation

tregpa ~ khregs pa ~ bundle of sticks tied with a rope

tren ~ dran ~ remembering

trengrol ~ dran grol ~ liberation through remembering, e.g. the sound and meaning of the Song of Vajra

trenpa ~ dran pa ~ presence (of mind), mindfulness, remembrance

trenrig ~ dran rig ~ recognition, state of recognition (of rigpa)

trenshe ~ dran shes ~ mindful awareness, presence of awareness, mindfulness

trigrol ~ dri grol ~ liberation through scent

trinle ~ phrin las ~ enlightened, beneficial activities

tripa ~ mkhris pa ~ bile, one of the 3 humors in Tibetan medicine, Skt. pitta

trödral ~ spros bral ~ beyond concepts, beyond judgement, second of the 4 yogas of Mahamudra

trolwa trugden ~ grol ba drug ldan ~ 1. six liberations (six syllables), 2. trolwa: liberation, trug: six, den: to have, to have the possibility of the six liberations (referring to the 6 senses)

trondu ~ 'phro 'du ~ (practice of) sending and uniting, expanding and reabsorbing

trong jug ~ grong 'jug ~ transference [of consciousness into another] body (phowa trong jug ~ 'pho ba grong 'jug)

trubtha ~ grub mtha' ~ philosophical systems, lit. 'limits of affirmation'

trubthob ~ grub thob ~ siddha, master of spiritual accomplishment; accomplished master

trulkhor ~ 'phrul 'khor (also 'khrul 'khor) ~ yantra, movement (of the body), yantra yoga

trulku ~ sprul sku ~ nirmanakaya, incarnation, one who wants to, and can be born freely as he wishes

trulpa ~ 'khrul pa ~ illusion

tsa tsa ~ tsha tsha ~ small clay icon of deities, stupas etc.

tsal ~ rtsal ~ manifestation of the energy aspect of the base related to the nirmanakaya condition, one of the three modes of energy in Dzogchen

tsalung ~ rtsa rlung ~ practice of breathing and visualisation of the channels, chakras and prana

tsampa ~ tsam pa ~ roasted barley flour, staple diet of Tibetans

Tsarpa ~ Tshar pa ~ a division of Sakya school

tsawai lama ~ rtsa ba'i bla ma ~ root teacher

tse ~ tshe ~ potentiality of life span, one of the three aspects of the life principle

tsechig ~ rtse gcig ~ single-pointed concentration, one-pointedness, first of the 4 yogas of Mahamudra

Tsedrub Gongdü ~ tshe sgrub dgongs 'dus ~ Long Life Practice of Universal Union

tsig ~ tshig ~ word, term

tsig sum ned deg ~ tshig gsum gnad brdegs ~ 'The Three Statements that Strike the Essence', three words hitting the main point, 3 testaments of Garab Dorje

tsog ~ tshogs ~ ganapuja, accumulation, assembly

tsog trug rangdrol ~ tshogs drug rang grol ~ tsog trug: six senses, rangdrol: self-liberation, self-liberation of the six senses

tsog sag yenlag dünpa ~ tshogs bsag yan lag bdun pa ~ seven ways of accumulating merits (Sutra)

tsöldral ~ rtsol bral ~ beyond effort, to transcend effort

tsölmed ~ rtsol med ~ without effort

tsölwa ~ rtsol ba ~ effort, endeavour

Tsombu Sodün ~ tshom bu so bdun ~ tsombu: heaping something, heap, sodun: thirty-seven, mandala offering of thirty seven heaps

tsulshing ~ tshul shing ~ meditation stick (for Longde practices)

tsultrim ~ tshul khrims ~ morality, ethics, ethical conduct, discipline; 'trim': law, rule; 'tsul': situation, being aware of the circumstances, Skt: shila

tummo ~ gtum mo ~ practice of inner heat

turtröd ~ dur khrod ~ cemetery, charnel ground, a place for the disposal of the dead

uma ~ dbu ma ~ 1. Madhyamaka school, 2. middle, 3. central channel, Skt. avadhuti

umapa ~ dbu ma pa~ madhyamika, a person following to the Madhyamaka school

wang ~ dbang ~ 1. empowerment, initiation, abhisheka; 2. power, potentiality

wang chu ~ dbang bchu ~ ten points of energy

wangpo ~ dbang po ~ controlling powers, capacity, sense (faculties, power, organs), powerful, ruler, lord

wangpo thog che kyi düd ~ dbang po thogs bcas kyi bdud ~ the demon that blocks the senses

yab yum ~ yab yum ~ 'father mother', manifestations presented in union form of divinities in Tantrism

yangdag kundzob ~ yang dag kun rdzob ~ pure, correct relative truth

yangdaggi tawa ~ yang dag gi lta ba ~ correct point of view

yangter ~ yang ter ~ rehidden and rediscovered terma

yangti ~ yang ti (tig) ~ essential method in Dzogchen

ye sangye ~ ye sangs rgyas ~ (being in) the perfected, enlightened state from the beginning

yedrol ~ ye grol ~ primordial liberation

yengwa ~ g.yeng ba ~ distraction

yermed ~ dbyer med ~ inseparable

yeshe ~ ye shes ~ primordial wisdom, wisdom

yeshiyezhi ~ ye gzhi ~ primordial base

yeshiyezhi nyingpo changchub kyi sem ~ ye gzhi snying po byang chub kyi sems ~ essence of the primordial bodhichitta

yidam ~ yi dam ~ yidam, 'sacred mind', divinity

ying rig dre ~ dbyings rig 'dres ~ integration of space and instant presence

ying rig yermed ~ dbyings rig dbyer med ~ inseparability of space and awareness

yowa ~ g.yo ba ~ movement

yowai nyam ~ g.yo ba'i nyams ~ experience of movement

yul ~ yul ~ object

yum ~ yum ~ mother, consort

zamatog ~ za ma tog ~ container for keeping objects ofpractice

zernga ~ gzer lnga ~ Dzogchen practice, 'five nails'

zhagpa ~ bzhag pa ~ to remain

zhengpa ~ gzhengs pa ~ to arise, to awaken, to appear

zhi ~ gzhi ~ ground, the base

zhi chig ~ gzhi gcig ~ zhi: base, chig: one; the same base (of all of the universe, samsara and nirvana)

zhir zheng ~ gzhir gzhengs ~ to appear in original condition

zi ~ gzi ~ Tibetan precious stone

--- Should this be transwikied to Wiktionary? How and where whould we establish our own dictionary. What functionality/searchability do we need? --

Terms to be integrated

 * gza' zla-ba, "Monday"
 * gza' mig dmar, "Tuesday"
 * sbrag-khang, yig-zam, "Post Office"
 * bod-ljongs slob grwa chen-mo, "University of Tibet"
 * spyi-tshogs tshan-rig khang, “Academy of Social Sciences”


text:
Tibetan language/Wylie

Consonants
The Wylie scheme transliterates the Tibetan characters as follows:

The final letter of the alphabet, the null consonant ཨ, is not transliterated - its presence is unambiguously indicated by a vowel-initial syllable.

In Tibetan script, consonant clusters within a syllable may be represented either through the use of prefixed or suffixed letters, or by letters superfixed or subfixed to the root letter (forming a "stack"). The Wylie system does not normally distinguish these as in practice no ambiguity is possible under the rules of Tibetan spelling. The exception is the sequence gy-, which may be written either with a prefix g or a subfix y. In the Wylie system these are distinguished by inserting a period,. between a prefix g and initial y. E.g. གྱང "wall" is gyang, while གཡང་ "chasm" is g.yang.

Vowels
The four vowel marks (here applied to the silent letter ཨ ) are transliterated:

When a syllable has no explicit vowel marking, the letter a is inserted to represent the inherent vowel "a" (e.g. ཨ་ = a).

Wylie extensions

 * THDL Extended Wylie Transliteration Scheme (A project of the Tibetan and Himalayan Digital Library to adapt and expand the Wylie system for computer use.)

Readings

 * Wylie_transliteration

Activities

 * Write 500 words on the origin, benefits and challenges of Wylie

title: Tibetan language/Wylie


text:
Introduction to psychology/Psy102

{|

Overview

 * }

title: Introduction to psychology/Psy102


text:
User talk:Liamgriffiths

 Hello Liamgriffiths, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! --mikeu talk 13:14, 9 July 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Liamgriffiths


text:
User talk:Lellaguidotti

 Hello Lellaguidotti, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random project.
 * Browse Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Give feedback about your initial observations
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! --mikeu talk 13:32, 9 July 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Lellaguidotti


text:
Template:Dmoz

For documentation, see w:Template:Dmoz

title: Template:Dmoz


text: Template:Anonarticletalk

title: Template:Anonarticletalk


text: Talk:Christianity/Preterism

title: Talk:Christianity/Preterism


text:
User:Adrignola

If you need someone to liaise with regarding Wikibooks, I can be of assistance, as I spend the majority of my time there.

__NOINDEX__

title: User:Adrignola


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User talk:Adrignola

I watch talk pages where I have recently left messages. Please reply in the same section to make discussion easier to follow. If you leave a message on this page, I'll reply to it here.

Wikibooks and Wikiversity
Thanks for the edits to Wikibooks and related resources. I think it would be great to get more integration and clarity of the b: and v: relationship. I'm not that familiar with Wikibooks myself but it makes sense that the two should be very complimentary. I'd be interested in your perspectives. Thanks again! CQ 14:05, 27 August 2009 (UTC)

Wikibooks' main page
I could probably help you to understand Wikibooks' main page. -- dark lama  21:15, 19 April 2010 (UTC)
 * Well, that's very kind of you to offer. I haven't gotten a chance to read the course yet, but if I have problems as I go through it, you will definitely be the first I turn to.  You've shown to be quite adept, as seen in your quick solution to the CSS problem this past weekend.  Just to let you know, I'm experimenting with a slightly updated layout for Wikibooks' main page; nothing too drastic, I hope (Main Page/Draft).  But one of the components I'm looking at is a rotating display of a featured recipe, not unlike that seen for the educational picture of the day here.  In going along with Wikiversity's active learning theme, I will be seeing if I can get that set up and working at Main Page/Recipe.  -- Adrignola 01:05, 20 April 2010 (UTC)
 * Fair enough. I can help if needed both in terms of wiki knowledge and having been the main contributor that implemented the current layout and functionality of Wikibooks' main page. -- dark lama  01:54, 20 April 2010 (UTC)

Special:Upload
So if I understood you well, you will change the apperance of specia:upload here?--Juan de Vojníkov 16:57, 5 August 2010 (UTC)

 * All the can be changed on that page is the portion above the form, not the form itself. What was changed at Wikibooks was the group permissions. Adrignola 17:11, 5 August 2010 (UTC)

Thanks.
. The user interface should really warn when one adds formatting commands that extend beyond the edit window, such as the example there, smalltext, nowiki, etc. I could not see the effect in my Preview of forgetting to put in the collapse close template, it looked just fine!. I do that every once in a while.... at least I've done it before.... Thanks for seeing and fixing that. --Abd 01:42, 3 September 2010 (UTC)

Thekohser
Be advised, Thekohser reappeared on Wikiversity (and did so in a rather opportune time). He might be appearing elsewhere. Ottava Rima (talk) 20:42, 22 November 2010 (UTC)

 * Uh huh. You're aware that I had originally delinked and unblocked his account?  I'd be inclined to want him to contribute and not make it appear that things were simply a dog and pony show in unblocking him.  However I'm sure the only reason he showed up here is the Wikipedia Review thread Abd started on you, which you should be aware of.  It all makes for interesting reading and serves as a stark contrast to the dearth of activity at my hangout, Wikibooks.  But maybe no activity is better than a lot of negative activity.  Adrignola 21:32, 22 November 2010 (UTC)
 * Well, I notified thenub so I felt that I would add some balance to the mix. :) Ottava Rima (talk) 22:30, 22 November 2010 (UTC)
 * Wait, wtf, you have a discussion index? Blah. I wish we had enough discussions for such. Ottava Rima (talk) 22:31, 22 November 2010 (UTC)
 * It's getting to the point at Wikibooks where we would no longer need one to keep up with things, but rather only to note a change to one of several pages that could host discussions since we don't have a single community discussion page like the Colloquium. Adrignola 00:16, 23 November 2010 (UTC)

Biblical RFD
Aaron, you commented on this previously; I reopened the RfD: Requests_for_Deletion –SJ + > 11:57, 8 July 2011 (UTC)

I hope you will consider this. It's designed to not require a lot of personal participation, unless you are so inclined. --Abd 18:05, 25 August 2011 (UTC)
 * Don't really get it, but sure. You know where I'm active outside of Wikiversity, so if you need an opinion you can ping me via email or talk page change. Adrignola 20:17, 25 August 2011 (UTC)
 * Most people will need to see something working before they get it. Thanks for trusting this enough to sign up!
 * The proxy part of the table asks a member of the Assembly if there is some person, who might participate when they can't or don't, whom they would trust to generally make positive contributions. It doesn't have to be perfect, and we aren't going to be proxy voting, as such. The goal for Assembly process is maximized consensus, and delegable proxy allows a better measure of that. Again, not perfect, but quite likely improved.
 * If you look at the diagram above, suppose the people to the right of the line are those who actually participate in a discussion, and notice that those who participate may loosely be considered to represent, respectively, 3, 1, 1, 12, 1, 1, members each. Suppose that the "committee," I'll call it, takes a poll on two reports. The first and fourth member support Report A and the others support Report B. From direct participation, it would look like Report A is a minority report, Report B is favored by two-thirds of those "present." In fact, if those proxy assignments really do represent some level of trust and rapport, and the issue is submitted to the entire membership, with the proxies communicating with their clients, it is highly likely that the overall decision, on the face, would be support of Report A by 15:4.
 * Knowing this, it's quite likely that the four favoring report B would try to negotiate a true consensus report. Without delegable proxy, they'd be easily justified in thinking they were in the majority, why should they compromise?
 * One of the expected effects of delegable proxy is a simplification of discussions. If you become aware of a discussion, and you see that your proxy has already expressed the important arguments, you might just pass on adding a comment because your views are already represented well enough (including numerically!). With DP "me too" and other redundant arguments really aren't necessary at all. Notice that there is a member not participating who, if he or she participates, would represent 8 members. It looks like there is one member who represents a majority all by himself or herself (12:7). However, at any time, the one representing 8 could pop in, and perhaps reverse the apparent result, which could become 7:12. Indeed, if the "proxy minority" were to notice this, one of them might contact the "8" directly, and attempt to persuade him or her to participate. They might negotiate some compromise directly with this person, who might then negotiate with his or her proxy. The final result could come from two people who have mutual trust working out some true consensus solution.
 * This is all about how delegable proxy might be used. In reality it is just a set of lists, forming a directed graph. There are extant experiments with delegable proxy, and it has a reputation that it works, but this, here, has the potential of becoming the best-documented and most open experiment so far. Thanks again! --Abd 14:35, 26 August 2011 (UTC)
 * Hmm. Only at Wikiversity.  If it works out it's something to point to with regards to consensus-building. Adrignola 14:48, 26 August 2011 (UTC)
 * Yes, that's part of the point, for me. I may have been incorrect above about prior experiments. While I'm one of the independent inventors of delegable proxy (over twenty years ago for me), there are others, and I haven't been following the field recently. I just found that the World Parliament Experiment may be using delegable proxy. I knew about Demoex in Sweden, from Michael Nordfors, and Common Good Bank and some others may have gotten the idea from me. Yes, only at Wikiversity, for now. It was proposed on Wikipedia in early 2008, as an experiment (w:WP:PRX) and was promptly crushed, the vehemence surprised me. --Abd 17:34, 26 August 2011 (UTC)

title: User talk:Adrignola


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Portal:New Testament Greek/See also

Portal:Christianity
 * Greek alphabet

title: Portal:New Testament Greek/See also


text: User:CQ/Portal

title: User:CQ/Portal


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Wikiversity:Notices for custodians/Archive

Archives for Notices for custodians

 * /1 (2006-2008)
 * /2 (2009)
 * /3 (2009-2012)
 * /4 (2013-2015)
 * /5 (2016-2018)
 * /6 (2019-)


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Talk:Writing systems and scripts

I noticed the emptiness of this page, as many of the pages of Wikiversity that I have visited quickly lead to dead-ends. Much of the material covered within these pages can easily be told by citing pages from the mother Wikipedia source.

For a list of writing systems and scripts, please visit:

(Please excuse my use of an external link. Direct links only followed to other Wikiversity pages.)

173.59.119.145 23:10, 9 July 2009 (UTC)

 * What of Korean alphabet? --DennisDaniels (discuss • contribs) 17:05, 16 August 2023 (UTC)
 * prompt

Using this format:

{I________ (use) it for many years. - use - uses + used - using || Incorrect. Review your tenses.
 * type="[]"}
 * Incorrect. The subject mentions 'many years' so the verb should be in the past tense
 * Incorrect. Review your tenses.
 * Correct! This is the simple past form of the verb.

{I________ (use) it when I________ (become) interested in genealogy.
 * type="[]"}

- use | become || Incorrect. Review your tenses. + used | became - uses | becomes - using | becoming
 * Correct! Simple past form of the verb.
 * Incorrect. Review your tenses.
 * Incorrect. Review your tenses.

An alphabetic system uses characters known as letters to signify spoken sounds. These letters can be placed in different orders to create words. The first alphabets are believed to have originated from Egypt and Mesopotamia. The Phoenician alphabet is the ultimate ancestor of many modern scripts including Hebrew, Arabic, Latin and Greek, but is not considered a 'true alphabet' because it lacked separate letters to represent vowels. The Greek alphabet is widely considered the first 'true alphabet', as it adapted the Phoenician alphabet to represent vowels. A well known example of an alphabetic script is that of the Latin or Roman alphabet. It was developed in Europe, influenced by the Greek alphabet but its use has spread throughout the world. --DennisDaniels (discuss • contribs) 17:23, 16 August 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Writing systems and scripts


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User:Andrewmc123

Hi! I just recently joined Wikiversity but am active on the English Wikipedia.

title: User:Andrewmc123


text:
User talk:Andrewmc123

 Hello Andrewmc123, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random project.
 * Browse Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Give feedback about your initial observations
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! --mikeu talk 00:32, 10 July 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Andrewmc123


text:
User talk:Herosdunet

 Hello Herosdunet, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random project.
 * Browse Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Give feedback about your initial observations
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! --mikeu talk 02:09, 10 July 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Herosdunet


text:
User talk:Bhatianitesh0001

hi nitesh u haave joined Link title

title: User talk:Bhatianitesh0001


text:
User talk:SarahStewart

 Hello SarahStewart, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random project.
 * Browse Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Give feedback about your initial observations
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 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! Jtneill - Talk - c 04:37, 10 July 2009 (UTC)

 Woof! My name is Jack(Russell). I am a dog and a Wikiversity mascot. I am pretty new around Wikiversity. Perhaps we can learn together! Tail wag...

title: User talk:SarahStewart


text:
Music/Software/Ableton Live

Introduction
This course is aimed at getting participants producing music using Ableton's 'Live' software within ten core modules. Following the core modules will be a series of skill development modules accompanied by appropriate theory, practical exercises and example projects.

The core modules with brief outlines are as follows:

/Setting Up - This module covers installation, setup, file organization and some basics on music production software in general.

/Navigation (GUI) - This module outlines the Graphical User Interface and builds familiarization with the program layout.

/Audio - This module demonstrates how to record, edit and manipulate audio within 'Live'.

/MIDI - This module provides an introduction to MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) including how to record, edit and manipulate it within 'Live'.

/Virtual Instruments - This module takes a look at the range of virtual instruments in 'Live', demonstrates their various capabilities and proposes some ideas on their use.

Plug-ins - This module covers the purpose, use and manipulation of both audio and MIDI Plug-Ins within 'Live'.

Session View - This module deals with the unique 'Clip' view in 'Live', looking at how it can be used to organize, manipulate and perform components of a song.

Arrange View - This module looks at how to turn your song components into an arrangement.

Editing - This module outlines the core techniques for editing arrangements in 'Live'.

Live - The final core module demonstrates how to make the most of the unique features and work environment which 'Live' offers.

Throughout the core classes students will be encouraged to assimilate their new learning and practical skills into a musical project. On completion of the ten modules participants will have created a piece of music and be capable of producing further work using the software.

The extended modules and brief outlines are as follows:

title: Music/Software/Ableton Live


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User:Eme/Fair use...

The following is reproduced and is allowable because of fair-use-related copyright law.

The universe is self-organizing. Everything you need is already there, and will be revealed to you as soon as you open your eyes.

Native Americans knew that whenever there was a poison in the forest, its antidote was within reach.

http://twitter.com/marwilliamson -

Please know that this content is not GFDL or CC-By-SA above here.

title: User:Eme/Fair use...


text:
User talk:Mark Burnett

 Hello Mark Burnett, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random project.
 * Browse Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Give feedback about your initial observations
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! Jtneill - Talk - c 06:25, 10 July 2009 (UTC)

 Hi! Our name is Vicky-Verity. We are twins and are Wikiversity mascots. We think Wikiversity is a great place to learn and make friends (when we aren't sleeping). Leave us a message!

title: User talk:Mark Burnett


text: Template talk:Bar

title: Template talk:Bar


text: Template:Philosophy

title: Template:Philosophy


text: MediaWiki:Sharedupload-desc-here

title: MediaWiki:Sharedupload-desc-here


text:
User talk:Promethean

 Hello Promethean, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random project.
 * Browse Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Give feedback about your initial observations
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! --mikeu talk 20:36, 10 July 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Promethean


text:
User:Stevenarntson/group spaces/2009summeranalytical

 * Group 1 - Overpopulation workshop week 5
 * Group 2 - International Trade Issues workshop week 5
 * Group 3 - Corporate Responsibility workshop week 6
 * Group 4 - Censorship: What and How Much workshop week 6


text:
User talk:Stevenarntson/spring 2008

Sethlene Elliott
Thanks for the info! I never would have known I had the wrong one. Thanx! :D The new version makes more sense.Sethleneelliott

Unsigned
Hey Steve,

I'm not sure if you've watched the documentary called "The Obama Deception". If you haven't could you watch it and post your thoughts on it. If you have I'm curious as to what you thought of the movie. Here's the YouTube link http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eAaQNACwaLw.

 * Hello Unsigned,
 * I haven't seen it. I took a few minutes to read about it, and about the filmmaker, the talk show host Alex Jones, and visited a few of the relevant links. To be blunt, it strikes me as fringe right-wing hysteria. As with much of that kind of thing, legitimate research was done, but the conclusions to which those resources are applied are insufficiently supported by them. I'd like to see the research collected and analyzed in a less partisan manner.
 * Best, Stevenarntson

Jenna Johnson
So I browsed around your website and read some of your work and I must say I had a few very good laughs. I especially enjoyed your work about your cats and your creativity about Martin Luther. Also the bit with Casper. It is all really great, Keep it up. JennaJohnson

 * Thanks, Jenna. Last year I had a goal to write something every month, which is where much of that material came from. Having a schedule ended up being a great motivator. Best! Stevenarntson

Sarah Sheets
Hello, this is Sarah Sheets.

I'm sorry I missed class today, I am quite ill this morning. However, I posted my paper on the sculpture on my page. I wanted to know what the homework was this week...when it says that the midterm part one is due on Friday, is that the sculpture paper? Is it something else? Sarahsheets

 * Sara,
 * Take a look at the lecture for this week on the Freshman Seminar page, "critical thinking," and then at the assignments page, where you'll see an assignment called "How am I Manipulated?" which is due next week. Let me know if you have any questions. I hope you're feeling better.
 * Best, Stevenarntson 19:19, 4 May 2009 (UTC)

Richard Foster
Hey Steven, I'm in your Monday PM Freshman Seminar class, which I have regretfully missed. I've included a copy of the write up I did for the assignment in my user page, however without being physically present I was unable to give the oral rendition of said information. (http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/User:Richardfoster#How_Am_I_Manipulated) Regards, --Richardfoster 00:03, 12 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Richard,
 * Thanks for writing. I've decided to make some time next week for people to present who were absent or not ready to go this time.
 * See you then, Stevenarntson 14:48, 12 May 2009 (UTC)

IP edits
Greetings! I have noticed lot of IP edits around your pages from IP 12.193.24.142 -. Were they regular or they have to be reverted? I blocked the guy/gal because of page blankings and user page edits. Can you please comment it? Regards, --Gbaor 19:38, 4 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Hi Gbaor,
 * Thanks for checking! That address is a computer at the school where I teach. Looking through, all of the edits seem legitimate--some made by me, others by students.
 * Best! Stevenarntson
 * Great! In this case I unblocked the IP. I have made few reverts on student pages, because I initially thought it is a vandal keeping low profile. But nothing is lost, if they missing something, they find it in the history, or they just "undo" my revert. User pages are private area, and when I saw the same IP editing more user pages, I thought something wrong is going on. Later I thought it might be a joint IP for more people, but at that time it was already blocked, so I thought I wait for your comment.

Francine
Hello this is Francine, Iwas in class this morning(11) and after giving my presentation regarding Fallacies I came home and checked my Wikiversity Account to make sure all my assignments are posted. Some of my assignments I posted on the discussion page of my account and there is one assignment that I turned in to you last Monday(4,2009)which you didn't give back to me in class today and I foregot to ask you for it.My major concern is to make sure you see All of my assignments.If you have any questions,please e-mail to let me know.

 * Francine
 * I received the assignment you turned in on paper. The work on your Wikiversity account I'll take a look at today.
 * Best! Stevenarntson

 * Francine,
 * I understand. Keep in mind also that class won't be meeting next week because of Memorial Day, so I'll see you next on week 9.
 * Best. Stevenarntson

Some thoughts on Ow'st
Hey Steve, I've been thinking about ow'st from literature class last Wednesday (June 10th). And I decided to look into the meaning of it. Mind you, I only have a Chaucerean English Dictionary, not a Shakespearean one, but I figured I could extrapolate out... but I could be wrong since Chaucer is considered Middle English, and Shakespeare is Early Modern English.

Anyway, back to the meaning of ow'st.

During Chaucer's time, the word "owen" could mean three different things. "Owe," "own" and "ought to/should." It was a verb, and could also be written "owest" and oweth."

So, in Sonnet XVIII the line: "Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,"

Could mean:

"Nor lose possession of that fair thou are owed," (as in the world owes you fairness/beauty)

or

"Nor lose possession of that fair thou ought to have," (you should still be beautiful in the future)

or

"Nor lose possession of that fair thou (already) owns," (you should never lose the beauty you already have)

So, yes, in a way the other sites are right, the word is "owe." But "owe" has so many other meanings. It all depends on what nuances Shakespeare wanted.

I hope this helps.

CarrieBerg 18:18, 13 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Carrie,
 * Thanks for the further thoughts--I was unfamiliar with "ought to have." The Chaucerian dictionary seems like a pretty worthwhile research aid!
 * Best, Stevenarntson

title: User talk:Stevenarntson/spring 2008


text:
User:Stevenarntson/spring 2008

Visit the associated discussion page to view this archived discussion.

title: User:Stevenarntson/spring 2008


text:
User:Stevenarntson/Student Hub/Spring2009

Freshman Seminar, Monday Morning

 * Anaya, Raul RaulAnaya
 * Arguero-Aburto, L. "LOANAARGUERO"
 * Bagley, R. "Rayfordbagley"
 * Barrett, T.Tylerbarrett
 * Bonsey, T.
 * Bradshaw, K.Kirkbradshaw
 * Coltrane, T.Toddcoltrane
 * Costa, K.Kaylacosta
 * De Castro, M. Megandecastro1
 * Elliott, N. Nickelliott
 * Gonzales, T.Tommygonzales
 * Hoeng, S. SamHoeng
 * Manivanh, M. Macguyvermanivanh
 * Mazany, G. Mazanygina
 * Medrano, I.IsraelMedrano
 * Ning, X.
 * Ohlemeier, R.Ryanohlemeier
 * Olson,G. Olson49
 * Palmer-Benjamin,F.Francine Palmer-Benjamin
 * Schenck, J.Jenschenck
 * Scribner, R.Robertscribner
 * Sheets, S. Sarahsheets
 * Smith, J.Johnsmith
 * Thomas, A. AnthonyThomas
 * Tietje, M. MarieTietje

Freshman Seminar, Monday Afternoon

 * Bayly, J.
 * Bonner, C.Christinacross
 * Chung, T. TonyChung
 * Church, C.Charitychurch
 * Darby, U.Uriahd
 * DeCastro, M.
 * Degree, S.Sieradegree
 * Foster, R.Richardfoster
 * Hakins, A.Ahakins89
 * Jens, J. Jeff Jens
 * Johnsen, A.Andrewjohnsen
 * Jordan, M.Mattjordan
 * Kandola, P. Poonamkandola
 * Kim, N. Ninaki
 * Lopez, A.Amandalopez
 * Marrese, K.Kevinmarrese
 * McNally, S.
 * O'Neal, M.MICHELEDO'NEAL

 * Patterson, J. Jarrett,patterson
 * Rodrigues, J.JaredRodrigues
 * Roszell, H. Heatherroszell
 * Smith, J.Jasonsmith
 * Taylor, E.
 * Thompson, A.Athmpsn05
 * Widjaja, E. Esther widjaja
 * Walton, Arte.Arte Walton

Literature

 * Berg, C. CarrieBerg
 * Blair, D. Derek Blair
 * Boggess, T.BoggessT
 * Duenas-Ramirez, O.Oliver Duenas-Ramirez
 * Edelsward, A. Alex Edelsward
 * Elliott, C.Sethleneelliott
 * Hailey, R. C. ChristopherHailey
 * Lautt, J.
 * Lee, A.Alex Lee
 * Lee, B.Betsylee
 * Lee, K.Kevinlee
 * Lervick, R.Ryanklervick
 * Lukito, A.
 * Macdonald, D. D.Macdonald
 * Maldonado, R.RuthMaldonado
 * Martin, L. Luc M.
 * Nguyen, T.“Tuannguyen”
 * Patterson, N. NicolePatterson
 * Richer, W.Will richer
 * Riney, S.SeanRiney
 * Saini, A. Amrut Saini
 * Schlicht, J.Johnschlicht
 * Standridge, T.TimStandridge
 * Wheeler, B.Benjwheeler
 * Wilson, A.Aaron Wilson

Analytical Writing

 * Aebersold, M. Mattaebersold
 * Clegg, S. Coffeeshannon
 * Conley, C. 12.193.24.142
 * Cooke, Q.Quintincooke
 * Correa, A. Avacorrea
 * Duin, D. 12.193.24.142 14:43, 29 April 2009 (UTC)

 * Elliott, C.Sethleneelliott
 * Eslyn, M. inthecloudsmp
 * Foley, L. Lindsayfoley
 * Gueorguieva, N. AdiGue
 * Hippolyte, J. Jerileehippolyte
 * Larson, S. SamanthaLarson
 * Maher, K. Maherkristen
 * McInnis, T Timothy McInnisTimothymcinnis
 * O'Hara, L. Lohara
 * Purcella, C. Chelseapurcella
 * Rinehart, N.
 * Saini, A.Amrut Saini
 * Salman, S. SaynaSalman
 * Weaver, M. MelissaWeaver

Humanities II

 * Bennett, K.Karlynbennett
 * Blake, S.Samantha B
 * Carr, M. Mattcarr
 * Fennewald, D
 * Isa, Y.Yukari
 * Johnson, J. JennaJohnson
 * Jones, K. Kellyjonesa
 * Skewis, N.Nathan Skewis
 * Toteva, E. Elenatoteva
 * Vicente, M.MarinelaVicente
 * Wheaton, A.
 * Wilkinson, S. Shaylawilkinson
 * Young, N.
 * Shalisha BynoeSbynoe


text:
User:Bobbi24/Arranging

In music, an arrangement is either a rewriting of a piece of existing music with additional new material or a fleshing-out of a compositional sketch, such as a lead sheet. If a musical adaptation does not include new material, it is more accurately termed a transcription or orchestration.

The American Federation of Musicians defines arranging as "the art of preparing and adapting an already written composition for presentation in other than its original form. An arrangement may include reharmonization, paraphrasing, and/or development of a composition, so that it fully represents the melodic, harmonic and rhythmic structure" (Corozine 2002, p.3). Orchestration differs in that it is only adapting music for an orchestra or musical ensemble whereas arranging "involves adding compositional techniques, such as new thematic material for introductions, transitions, or modulations, and endings... Arranging is the art of giving an existing melody musical variety" (ibid).

title: User:Bobbi24/Arranging