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RLC circuit

A RLC circuit (also known as a resonant circuit, tuned circuit, or LCR circuit) is an electrical circuit consisting of a resistor (R), an inductor (L), and a capacitor (C), connected in series or in parallel. This configuration forms a harmonic oscillator.

Tuned circuits have many applications particularly for oscillating circuits and in radio and communication engineering. They can be used to select a certain narrow range of frequencies from the total spectrum of ambient radio waves. For example, AM/FM radios with analog tuners typically use an RLC circuit to tune a radio frequency. Most commonly a variable capacitor is attached to the tuning knob, which allows you to change the value of C in the circuit and tune to stations on different frequencies.

An RLC circuit is called a second-order circuit as any voltage or current in the circuit can be described by a second-order differential equation for circuit analysis.

Configurations
Every RLC circuit consists of two components: a power source and resonator. There are two types of power sources – Thévenin and Norton. Likewise, there are two types of resonators – series LC and parallel LC. As a result, there are four configurations of RLC circuits:

 * Series LC with Thévenin power source
 * Series LC with Norton power source
 * Parallel LC with Thévenin power source
 * Parallel LC with Norton power source.

Similarities and differences between series and parallel circuits
The expressions for the bandwidth in the series and parallel configuration are inverses of each other. This is particularly useful for determining whether a series or parallel configuration is to be used for a particular circuit design. However, in circuit analysis, usually the reciprocal of the latter two variables is used to characterize the system instead. They are known as the resonant frequency and the Q factor respectively.

Fundamental parameters
There are two fundamental parameters that describe the behavior of RLC circuits: the resonant frequency and the damping factor. In addition, other parameters derived from these first two are discussed below.

Resonant frequency
The undamped resonance or natural frequency of an RLC circuit (in radians per second) is given by

 * $$\omega_0 = {1 \over \sqrt{L C}}$$

In the more familiar unit hertz (or cycles per second), the natural frequency becomes

 * $$f_0 = {\omega_0 \over 2 \pi} = {1 \over 2 \pi \sqrt{L C}}$$

Resonance occurs when the complex impedance ZLC of the LC resonator becomes zero:

 * $$Z_{LC} = Z_L + Z_C = 0\quad$$

Both of these impedances are functions of angular frequency $$\omega$$:

 * $$Z_C = {1 \over {j \omega C}}$$
 * $$Z_L = jL\omega \quad$$

Setting the magnitude of the impedance to be zero at $$\omega=\omega_0$$ and using $$j^2=-1$$:

 * $$|Z_{LC}|=L\omega_0-{1\over {\omega_0 C}}=0$$
 * $$\omega_0^2={1\over{LC}}\Rightarrow\omega_0={1\over\sqrt{LC}}$$

Damping factor
The normalized damping factor of the circuit is:

 * $$\zeta_N = {\zeta\over\omega_0} = {R \over 2} \sqrt{C\over L}$$

for a series RLC circuit, and:

 * $$\zeta_N = {\zeta\over\omega_0} = {1 \over 2R}\sqrt{L\over C}$$

for a parallel RLC circuit. It's desirable to use the normalized forced damping factor (non-dimensional) instead of the regular one (in radians per second) to analyze the properties of the resonant circuit

For applications in oscillator circuits, it is generally desirable to make the damping factor as small as possible, or equivalently, to increase the quality factor (Q) as much as possible. In practice, this requires decreasing the resistance R in the circuit to as small as physically possible for a series circuit, and increasing R to as large a value as possible for a parallel circuit. In this case, the RLC circuit becomes a good approximation to an ideal LC circuit.

Alternatively, for applications in bandpass filters, the value of the damping factor is chosen based on the desired bandwidth of the filter. For a wider bandwidth, a larger value of the damping factor is required (and vice versa). In practice, this requires adjusting the relative values of the resistor R and the inductor L in the circuit.

Derived parameters
The derived parameters include Bandwidth, Q factor, and damped resonance frequency.

Bandwidth
The RLC circuit may be used as a bandpass or band-stop filter by replacing R with a receiving device with the same input resistance. In the Series case the bandwidth (in radians per second) is

 * $$ \Delta \omega =  2 \zeta   = { R \over L}$$

Alternatively, the bandwidth in hertz is

 * $$ \Delta f =  { \Delta \omega \over 2 \pi }  =  { \zeta \over \pi }  =  { R \over 2 \pi L }$$

The bandwidth is a measure of the width of the frequency response at the two half-power frequencies. As a result, this measure of bandwidth is sometimes called the full-width at half-power. Since electrical power is proportional to the square of the circuit voltage (or current), the frequency response will drop to $$ { 1 \over \sqrt{2} } $$ at the half-power frequencies.

Resonance damping
The damped resonance frequency derives from the natural frequency and the damping factor. If the circuit is underdamped, meaning

 * $$ \displaystyle \zeta < \omega_0 $$

then we can define the damped resonance as

 * $$ \omega_d = \sqrt{ \omega_0^2 - \zeta^2 } $$

In an oscillator circuit

 * $$ \zeta \ll \omega_0 $$.

As a result

 * $$ \omega_d \approx \omega_0 $$.

See discussion of underdamping, overdamping, and critical damping, below.

Series RLC with Thévenin power source
In this circuit, the three components are all in series with the voltage source.

Given the parameters v, R, L, and C, the solution for the charge, q, can be found using Kirchhoff's voltage law. (KVL) gives

{v_R+v_L+v_C=v} \, $$

For a time-changing voltage v(t), this becomes

Ri(t) + L { {di} \over {dt}} + {1 \over C} \int_{-\infty}^{t} i(\tau)\, d\tau = v(t) $$

Using the relationship between charge and current:

i(t) = {{dq} \over {dt}} $$

The above expression can be expressed in terms of charge across the capacitor:

L {{d^2 q} \over {dt^2}} +{R} {{dq} \over {dt}} + {1 \over {C}} q(t) = v(t) $$

Dividing by L gives the following second order differential equation:

{{d^2 q} \over {dt^2}} +{R \over L} {{dq} \over {dt}} + {1 \over {LC}} q(t) = {1 \over L} v(t) $$

We now define two key parameters:

 * $$\zeta_N = {R \over 2} \sqrt{C \over L}$$ and $$ \omega_0 = { 1 \over \sqrt{LC}} $$

Substituting these parameters into the differential equation, we obtain:

{{d^2 q} \over {dt^2}} + 2 \zeta_N. \omega_0{{dq} \over {dt}} + \omega_0^2 q(t) = {1 \over L} v(t) $$

or

q''+2\zeta_N. \omega_0 q' + \omega_0^2 q = {1 \over L} v(t) $$

Frequency domain
The series RLC can be analyzed in the frequency domain using complex impedance relations. If the voltage source above produces a complex exponential wave form with amplitude v(s) and angular frequency $$ s = \sigma + i \omega$$, KVL can be applied:

 * $$v(s) = i(s) \left ( R + Ls + \frac{1}{Cs} \right ) $$

where i(s) is the complex current through all components. Solving for i:

 * $$i(s) = \frac{1}{ R + Ls + \frac{1}{Cs} } v(s) $$

And rearranging, we have at

 * $$i(s) = \frac{s}{ L \left ( s^2 + {R \over L}s + \frac{1}{LC} \right ) } v(s)$$

Complex admittance
Next, we solve for the complex admittance Y(s):

 * $$ Y(s) = { i(s) \over v(s) } = \frac{s}{ L \left ( s^2 + {R \over L}s + \frac{1}{LC} \right ) } $$

Finally, we simplify using parameters ζ and ωo

 * $$ Y(s) = { i(s) \over v(s) } = \frac{s}{ L \left ( s^2 + 2 \zeta \omega_0 s + \omega_0^2 \right ) } $$

Notice that this expression for Y(s) is the same as the one we found for the Zero State Response.

Poles and zeros
The zeros of Y(s) are those values of s such that $$Y(s) = 0$$:

 * $$ s =  0 $$ and $$ s = \infty $$

The poles of Y(s) are those values of s such that $$ Y(s) = \infty$$. By the quadratic formula, we find

 * $$ s = - \zeta \pm \sqrt{\zeta^2 - \omega_0^2} $$

Notice that the poles of Y(s) are identical to the roots $$\lambda_1$$ and $$\lambda_2$$ of the characteristic polynomial.

Sinusoidal steady state
Now let $$ s = i \omega $$....

Taking the magnitude of the above equation:

 * $$ | Y(s=i \omega) | = \frac{1}{\sqrt{ R^2 + \left ( \omega L - \frac{1}{\omega C} \right )^2 }}. $$

Next, we find the magnitude of current as a function of ω

 * $$ | I( i \omega ) |  =  | Y(i \omega) | | V(i \omega) |.\,$$

If we choose values where R = 1 ohm, C = 1 farad, L = 1 henry, and V = 1.0 volt, then the graph of magnitude of the current i (in amperes) as a function of ω (in radians per second) is:

Sinusoidal steady-state analysis

Note that there is a peak at $$i_{mag}(\omega) = 1$$. This is known as the resonant frequency. Solving for this value, we find:

 * $$\omega_0 = \frac{1}{\sqrt{L C}}. $$

Parallel RLC circuit
The complex impedance of this circuit is given by adding up the impedances in parallel:

 * $${1\over Z}={1\over Z_L}+{1\over Z_C}+{1\over Z_R}={1\over{j\omega L}}+{j\omega C}+{1\over R}$$

The change from a series arrangement to a parallel arrangement has some very real consequences for the behaviour. This can be seen by plotting the magnitude of the current $$I={V\over Z}$$. For comparison with the earlier graph we choose values where R = 1 ohm, C = 1 farad, L = 1 henry, and V = 1.0 volt and ω in radians per second:

Sinusoidal steady-state analysis

There is a minimum in the frequency response at the resonant frequency $$\omega_0={1\over\sqrt{LC}}$$.

A parallel RLC circuit is a example of a band-stop circuit response that can be used as a filter to block frequencies at the resonance frequency but allow others to pass.

A much more elegant way of recovering the circuit properties of an RLC circuit is through the use of nondimensionalization.

For a parallel configuration of the same components, where Φ is the magnetic flux in the system

$$ C \frac{d^2 \Phi}{dt^2} + \frac{1}{R} \frac{d \Phi}{dt} + \frac{1}{L} \Phi = i_0 \cos(\omega t) \Rightarrow \frac{d^2 \chi}{d \tau^2} + 2 \zeta_N \frac{d \chi}{d\tau} + \chi = \cos(\Omega \tau) $$

with substitutions

$$\Phi = \chi x_c, \ t = \tau t_c, \ x_c = L i_0, \ t_c = \sqrt{LC}, \ 2 \zeta_N = \frac{1}{R} \sqrt{\frac{L}{C}}, \ \Omega = \omega t_c. $$

The first variable corresponds to the maximum magnetic flux stored in the circuit. The second corresponds to the period of resonant oscillations in the circuit.

title: RLC circuit


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User:Rantent

Yeah, this site needs some more teachers.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Rantent


text:
User talk:Jimminy-boi

Spelling mistake and misuse of semi-colon corrected. Jimminy-boi 00:04, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

 Hello Jimminy-boi, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! Jtneill - Talk - c 00:16, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jimminy-boi


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User:Jimminy-boi

I am Jimminy-boi. A simple student, just around here looking for a bit of knowledge, and to spread my own wisdom (if I have any). Jimminy-boi 00:05, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

title: User:Jimminy-boi


text:
User:Dzonatas/Ethics and MediaWiki/Privacy

Compare perspectives, first
One must consider that the perspective of technical details that core software engineers and scientist work on may seem, to the editors and the audience, a bit unrelated to the bigger picture at the end-user perspective. For example, while general Internet users are now hyped over Web 2.0 experiences, there are fundamental changes that have occurred to move into Web 3.0, yet even the term Web 3.0 hasn't really been defined. If you try to use the term Web 3.0 to describe any particular concept, you probably will be noted as an inventor of the term. One thing that is known is the security issues, and that the Semantic Web, a highly marketed buzzword for what the Internet "was", won't be Semantic Web 3.0.

In fact, the Internet as based on IPv4 addresses has already started to switch to IPv6, which is considered in Web 3.0. What Wikipedian admins knew about IPv4 will no longer be true with IPv6 addresses. While the end users of today work still work with IPv4, the engineers and scientist of today have already taken IPv6 under wing. The terminology and concepts used are also different. The typical client/server models of old do not exist in what has already started for Web 3.0. That affects many privacy issues. That also affects how to convey the concepts between these two perspectives, and it is part of the SDLC continuum. For today's core engineers to explain issues in Web 2.0 terminology, it is like being in a time machine and going back in history to give a speech, and not only that, but also "reinventing" terminology that is narrow to a specific issue.

Biographies of Living Persons
Among the policies being discussed at the English Wikipedia, there are some that propose limiting BLPs to identified biographers who have established their credentials and their understanding of and commitment to meet or exceed the ethical principles applicable to writing biographies of living persons.

MediaWiki sofware would need to be able to recognize which authors have met the minimum professional requirements to contribute to mainspace biographies.

Editor registration & verification
...

Resources

 * No-indexing of project-space pages -- Newyorkbrad, 2008, WikiEN-l
 * What is OpenID -- OpenID.net
 * OpenID Wiki -- Modified MediaWiki software that uses OpenID instead of the traditional login.
 * Taxwoman : a fake? -- What happens when many people think different accounts (admins, bureaucrats) are different people, yet there actually was only one person to them all?, Wikipedia Review, 2008


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User:Moeng

This is the userpage of Moeng, a Dane from Roskilde ... more to follow!
 * ...have a look at my User-page on Commons
 * ...or look at my Danish User-page

title: User:Moeng


text:
Talk:RLC circuit

copy + paste
Hello,

this seems to be only a copy from Wikipedia's article RLC circuit. Everyone can copy + paste. But not everyone can make a new learning experiment now with this and try to rephrase this in our own words or use Wikipedia's article to generate information or a better learning experience on another level ?

Please also see: What Wikiversity is not

 * "A duplication of other Wikimedia projects. While Wikiversity complements other Wikimedia projects, it will not simply duplicate their content. So, if you want to read about a topic, you may be better off visiting, say, Wikipedia or Wikibooks, but if you want to learn about this topic, you can do so at Wikiversity. Learning materials will be created and used on Wikiversity, but materials on other projects may also be used as learning materials themselves or even places to consolidate this learning, i.e. writing an article, manual etc based on what you've learned. There may be some overlapping, but each project will maintain its own focus."

Also worthwile reading: What is Wikiversity? How to Cite from Wikipedia. Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 09:20, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

Yes it is copy paste, but that is not a bad way to start.
I think this needs to be simplified and adapted to OpenStax University Physics. See https://cnx.org/contents/eg-XcBxE@8.87:JOs6racw@3/153-RLC-Series-Circuits-with-A

This would make a good student project in such a course. What we really need is a derivation, based on complex numbers, of this formula: ▭ RLC series circuit $$V_0=I_0 Z$$ where $$ Z=\sqrt{R^2 + \left(X_L-X_C\right)^2}$$ and $$\phi=\tan^{-1}\frac{X_L-X_C}{R}$$

It would be linked to what is now at special:permalink/1827344

--Guy vandegrift (discuss • contribs) 15:07, 6 March 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:RLC circuit


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User talk:DSFB00

Hello Daniel, welcome around here. I hope we can help you succeed in your learning goals. I made a comment here: Talk:RLC circuit. Below more info about Wikiversity, Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 09:25, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

 Hello DSFB00, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 09:25, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:DSFB00


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User talk:Prothmes

Hello, welcome around here. I hope we can help you succeed in your learning goals. Thanks that you will be sharing your knowledge (e.g. with Latin and Greek) with us. Below more info about Wikiversity, Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 09:30, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

 Hello Prothmes, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

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 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 09:30, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

Introduction to Latin
Hi Prothmes, Thanks for the Intro. to Latin course, I've found it very good so far.

Do you have any ideas of when you'll be adding to it? I'm keen for more lessons.

Thanks again,

Rob

Robpenney 16:23, 22 August 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Prothmes


text:
User talk:Nikki (usurped1)

--95.223.246.236 02:03, 15 May 2011 (UTC) (commons:User:Nikki)

title: User talk:Nikki (usurped1)


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User talk:Funan

Hello Funan, welcome around here. I hope we can help you succeed in your learning goals. Below more info about Wikiversity.

btw: I saw that you create a new learning resource Installing Achievo Project Managment Software with XAMP. It will be in in Khmer Language. Do you know that there exists beta wikiversity ? I am not sure if there is already a Khmer section there, but:
 * If you want to set up a new Wikiversity, you must have ten active participants who are willing to work on that language project. When you have this number you can request (at meta) for a new language domain to be set up.

Depending on the activity on beta there could be the possibility to create in the end a Khmer Wikiversity, Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 10:02, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

 Hello Funan, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
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 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 10:02, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Funan


text:
BCP/Clethra barbinervis

Clethra barbinervis

title: BCP/Clethra barbinervis


text:
BCP/Clethra barbinervis/Logs

2008 Logs

 * (no archived logs yet)

Recent Logs

 * SB Johnny-LM 11:02, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

title: BCP/Clethra barbinervis/Logs


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BCP/Oxydendrum arboreum

Oxydendrum arboreum

title: BCP/Oxydendrum arboreum


text:
BCP/Oxydendrum arboreum/Logs

2008 Logs

 * (no archived logs yet)

Recent Logs

 * SB Johnny-LM 11:09, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

title: BCP/Oxydendrum arboreum/Logs


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User:Mmkgny

Sam

title: User:Mmkgny


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User:Ed Poor

I also have a Wikipedia account ...

 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Ed_Poor

title: User:Ed Poor


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Wikimedia Ethics/Introduction

Ethical Management of the English Language Wikipedia/Overview2

Why Wikipedia is important
Wikipedia is important because many people, especially young people, get reference material from it; sometimes all their reference material. They consider it authoritative, even if their teachers do not. There has always been a willingness to believe the written word, and it would be good if scholars who care about reliability and trustworthiness would work together to improve Wikipedia.
 * There are been cases in which people have been detained by immigration officials, in which people have lost employment or reputation, in which criminal courts have cited articles which underline the fact that WP is regularly used as a reference even by official organizations.

Who edits?
It is not easy to determine who edits Wikipedia; some say it is teenagers and the chronically unemployed; i.e., those with copious time on their hands. Others say it's people with a high capacity or appetite for drama.

Is Pseudo-anonymity important?
Pseudo-nonymity makes participation much easier: you don't have to worry much that your employer will be annoyed if you contribute when you're supposed to be working-unless someone checkusers you and publishes your IP address. And the fact that most pages don't even require sign-up also makes it easy to get started. (But see "Problems" below.)

Does pseudo-anonymity represent a social contract?
Pseudo-anonymity both entails and nullifies the social contract. Users promise to put true information, free from bias in articles. With the accountability of a consistent handle (such as the the same IP in a few cases, or an easily remembered pseudonym like "Dragon's Flight"), users develop an online reputation. You can evaluate their contributions, since the wiki keeps an exhaustively complete track record of all changes. (But again, see "Problems" below.)

 * The concept of a promise from an anonymous person makes little sense.

 * The concept of a promise from a pseudonymous person potentially makes sense if the pseudonym is durably attached to the individual in question. If a person can swap pseudonyms at will, then we're back to anonymity again.

 * See ID/Entity. —Moulton 22:15, 20 July 2008 (UTC)

 * But since people join the community under the assumption that their pseudonymity will be protected, does the community violate its side of the deal if it reveals their identity without permission? --SB_Johnny | talk 09:25, 21 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Assumptions are a popular way to arrive at a state of disappointment or even feelings of betrayal when one's expectations are not met. As far as I know, the only reliable way to ensure that such expectations will be honored is to include them in an express social contract that every participate affirmatively and voluntarily subscribes to.  People are more likely to adhere to express promises that they have freely made in the understanding that everyone in the community has subscribed to the same set of mutually reciprocal promises.  There can still be breaches of expectations, even with a social contract, because there can be lapses or breaches of promise.  But the recovery process tends to be smoother under the social contract model than under the rules and punishments model. Moulton 08:43, 22 July 2008 (UTC)

Early days
(why "anyone can edit", how the original admins were appointed, what were the first policies?) -- there's an interesting conversation about life before RFA on w:WT:RFA now.
 * 1) "Anyone can edit". This is a rebellion against elitism. It doesn't take a Ph.D. in chemistry or astronomy to compile facts about elements or planets. And with enough other people checking their work, amateurs can do much better than many people would expect. Wikipedia is comparable to Britannica; i.e., at least one study was done comparing the two, and WP didn't come off too badly. See also: Reliability of Wikipedia.
 * 2) Original admins were appointed by consensus on the mailing list, and a developer would make an entry in the database. This was when there were only a couple hundred regular contributors. Everyone knew everyone else.
 * 3) The first policies were simple and unbureaucratic. NPOV was the gold standard, supported by "work together" and "be civil". It was only in 2004-2005 when the project become a top 100 website and started attracting a lot of attention that the user population became enormous. An attempt was made to codify guidelines and policies (see below, "Policies").

What does "consensus" mean?
Does it have a special meaning within the WikiMedia communities?
 * Consensus means an agreement by enough people to do things a certain way. After a while consensus can become a guideline or an official policy. (See "Is consensus effective" below)
 * In practice on En:Wp, consensus means "the majority of the people who express an idea and/or the person who makes the strongest case". One only has to follow the Articles for Deletion page to see that, in the majority of cases, it requires less than ten voices to either delete or save an article.  Given the number of people who use En:Wp, can this be called "consensus"?  Clearly, there is not exactly that.
 * In the projects that I found most successful, consensus meant no one seriously objected. If there was an objection, the terms of the agreement were tweaked until everyone was nearly equally in favor and no one expressed strong reservations.

Current policies
(are the policies standing in for the ethics? are the policies working?)
 * The current policies are a codification of ethics and they sound great on paper. However, in certain significant cases they fail completely. I will explain this below with examples.

Has Wikipedia's role as a community space interfered with the encyclopedia?
Being a community space is an attraction. For those who thrive on interaction, it can be a great delight not only to see one's work in print but to get feedback from one's peers. It can interfere when mob elements in the community work to subvert the project. (See below, and please be patient. ;-)

 * Wikipedia's main problem as an encyclopedia is that, because of the Section 230 of US communications decency act, the WMF cannot be involved in disputes regarding content, only user conduct. So, discussions regarding content cannot emanate from management without risk of forfeiting the protection given to "service providers" under this act.  Without this protection, WMF could theoretically be seen as the "publisher" of Wikipedia, which would radically change their legal status.

 * With the emphasis on discussing "user conduct", it is only natural that the core processes reflect this type of "community space" model, which are (at times) in contradiction with the core mission of creating an encyclopedia.

Has pseudo-anonymity become a problem?

 * Anonymity, if considered at the level of the core processes in Wikipedia, has to be seen as a positive force. Anonymity is a means of "leveling the field", allowing those who have no credentials to contribute along side those that do on an equal basis - regardless of degrees held, experience or...of Wikipedia experience.  Theoretically, the problems caused by pseudo-anonymity should be handled by the core polices of "No original research", and "reliable sources", since contributors are not supposed to use their own ideas, even to the point of combining sources in "original and novel ways".  Contributors are expected to locate "reliable sources" and then add the contents in these sources to articles.  If these policies are followed to the letter, even editors with clear conflicts of interest should be able to add content to articles, since all content must come from reliable sources and maybe not be the "original research" of the editor.

 * However, in practice, this model breaks down : Anonymity has allowed contributors to hide their lack of academic credentials. EssJay's claim to be a professor lent extra weight to his words. The custom of anonymity dissuades credentialed academics from participating under their own names, especially since these editors are almost certain to have a conflict of interest.

 * The problems caused by pseudo-anonymous editing because the focus is not on content, but on personal interaction between editors: editors are encouraged to become "established users" and these "established users" are given the special power to "ignore all rules". While these "established users" are allowed to remain anonymous and violate the core principals of NOR, NPOV, NPA and RS, those editors who are not in the category of "established users" who make the same sorts of edits are treated to the practices of "check-user", ie violation of pseudo-anonymity through tracing of IP addresses, discussion at the Administrators notice board and on the Administrators IRC channel, in an attempt to identify them.  However, "established users" see their own examinations through check-user as being "invasions of privacy".  So, clearly there is a multi-tiered defacto structure at En:Wp which suggests that some editors should be have their pseudo-anonymity respected and others shouldn't.

 * Clearly, "on wikipedia experience" is being shown as having some sort of equivalence to "academic experience" elsewhere. Is this convention valid?  This  one of the core questions.

 * However, the core policies at En:WP state that these policies should apply equally to all editors. If these policies were applied equally, regardless of the editor's "Wikipedia experience", then these problems might be resolved.

Are the policies good?

 * The core policies at En:Wp should theoretically solve all of the disputes on the En:Wp. However, when one understands exactly what they mean, the core ideas might become less attractive than what one had expected.
 * Many people view editing on Wikipedia as a "creative activity", but according to the core policies creativity is the last thing one should be doing on Wikipedia. The act of editing Wikipedia involves identifying reliable sources which contain information which is sufficiently notable to interest a general audience.  The editor is expected to add this information to articles without quoting the text exactly (so as not to violate any copyright) but also not to add any of his or her own ideas about the subject.  Creativity is the last thing one should consider when editing a Wikipedia article, since the goal is towards building an encyclopedia.  The actual process (identifying sources, adding the material without interjecting any personal viewpoints, correcting formating and style) is actually more mechanical than anything else.

Since all "editors are equal", the result should be equal position for all. but since "some editors are more equal than others", the actual practice is that there are personalities who feel that Wikipedia is their own creation, and as such, they deserve "special treatment". Thus, the core policies are not at fault: the main problem is a "cult of the personality" which allows "established users" to manipulate these core policies in unfair ways.

 * The policies are good and have always been good. But they are enforced erratically, as the loosely defined term "consensus" is the new standard. If enough people join a discussion and choose to ignore a policy (or worse, to say they are upholding it while actually flouting it), they almost always win. Enforcement is by whoever shows up, or by committee also elected by whoever shows up.

What is the relationship between management and the administrators?
Are only admins part of the management? Was it always like that? Should it be like that?
 * Because of US Law (especially Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act), the management of the WMF is prohibited from acting directly in "content disputes", since the position of the WMF is that they are not "publishing" the Wikipedia Encyclopedia, but are "Service Providers" who cannot be involved in removing or discussing content on their service, other than content which is prohibited by US law. Therefore, the WMF cannot be directly involved in disputes involving content, only disputes involving "user conduct".  This is perhaps the main reason why the "arbitration process" in En:WP is centered around User conduct, rather than content, even though most problems are created by content disputes.

Can ethical systems emerge organically from large online communities, or do they need to be imposed?
It's a little of both. Ideally, the community would agree to follow ethical principles. In practice, unlimited openness, i.e., allowing anyone at all to join, has had the result that people who do not actually care about the ethics of the community have flooded it. "The inmates are running the asylum."

Ethics requires leadership. A community needs ethical leaders who have vision and who establish and articulate a community value system that everyone can readily subscribe to.

Is consensus effective in Wikimedia? Is there a better way?

 * 1) *It's not effective in the enforcement of NPOV or civility. Enforcement of civility is seen, paradoxically, is inherently uncivil itself. "How dare you tell me to stop being uncivil?! Who do you think you are?" The consensus (expressed by User:Carcharoth) is to expect that any effort to squelch hurtful words directed at one's peers is likely to provoke more such words directed at the enforcing admin. The current arbcom case involving William Connolley is an example.
 * 2) *NPOV is determined not by principle but by votes. If enough people decide that a biased article is neutral, the POV-pushers carry the day. All pay lip service to neutrality, but in practice the flagship articles on crucial controversial issues are all biased to favor the liberal left. Censorship of opposing POV is routine and hardly even clandestine, particularly in topics related to science & politics or science & religion.
 * 3) People have tried to find a better way. They are, in order of creation,
 * 4) The New World Encyclopedia project.
 * 5) *One editor-in-chief, accountable only to his sponsoring organization, sets and enforces all ethical and scholarly standards. His decisions are final, and there is no "community discussion" on wiki. He receives advice from "area editors", but he is free to disregard it. The word consensus is not used at all.
 * 6) *Writers are paid for completed articles. There is very little collaboration, in the sense of 2 or more people co-authoring an article. You get paid for your own work; free contributions are exceedingly rare. There are no unsolicited volunteers. Applicants must supply two (long) writing samples, their real name, a daytime phone number, a mailing address (for checks), and a C.V.
 * 7) Citizendium (Larry Sanger)
 * 8) *All participants use their own names. Bias still exists, because Larry gets to choose the scholars in charge of each area. There is no way to appeal ethical lapses.
 * 9) Conservapedia (Andy Schlafly)
 * 10) *Not doing well, because they don't follow GFDL - all new works must be public domain or original.
 * 11) *Suffering from harassment campaigns and denial of service attacks
 * 12) A group of Wikipedians created a Veropedia (sp?)
 * 13) *Something like this could work, if the founding group all agree to high standards, and they don't allow new, voting members in who disagree with those standards.

How can things be improved?

 * 1) Checks and balances (deliberately thought out, not spontaneously generated like our current policies)
 * 2) Limited terms in office (no more admin for life)
 * 3) Division of powers (Arbcom has how much power now?)
 * 4) A deliberative body selected for the task of constructing a well thought out system of dispute resolution (there are experts at this that can be contacted and perhaps hired)
 * 5) Replace drama inducing rules that force people to accuse each other with rules breaking with a reconciliation process that focuses on an optimum outcome.

title: Wikimedia Ethics/Introduction


text:
User talk:Ed Poor

Welcome
 Hello Ed Poor (aka Uncle Ed), and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random random project.
 * Browse everything on Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! WAS 4.250 13:16, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

Ethical Management of the English Language Wikipedia
Hi!

Glad you could join us. Would you like to add your name to our "human resources" section? Also, if you have a different version of where this project should go, there is a place on the main page of the project to note that also. Thanks for your contribution. But I am trying to get people to create "educational resources" instead of filling up talk pages. Could you move that contribution to Ethical Management of the English Language Wikipedia/Overview2? Thanks. WAS 4.250 13:21, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

 * As requsted, I copied it there. Should I erase it from the talk page? --Ed Poor 13:24, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Hmm. Let's leave it there I guess. WAS 4.250 13:28, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

comments about your contribution
"I am unaware of any scholars or scientists who are leaders in their fields, writing under their own names for Wikipedia." Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture is an example. See its talk page. I agree with the rest. WAS 4.250 13:27, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

"The initial posting of this article was a collaborative venture by several IMTA researchers around the world. Contributors included: Reid GK, Chopin T, Robinson S, Neori A, Buschmann AH, Shpigel M, Rodger A, and Bolton J ReidGK 18:30, 3 July 2007 (UTC)"

"Note: See the References section of this article to get an idea about who these guys are. (Those are last names and first initials.) WAS 4.250 15:13, 5 July 2007 (UTC)"

WAS 4.250 13:31, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Okay, that's one out of a million. It's a start! =^_^= --Ed Poor 13:49, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

NPOV
Ed, your contributions to non-essay space need to be more NPOV worded. We do have an essay space, where you can list an essay topic, then write an essay on it. Others can edit it, but are asked to respect the point of view of the essay; unless it is outrageous enough that sources are demanded and can not be found; but Wikiversity allows original research so the sourcing requirement is very lax. Your opinions about Wikipedia seem well within what is allowed in essay space as near as I can tell. But comments about global warming will be deleted outside essay space. Don't bring that fight here. (except perhaps in essay space) OK? - WAS 4.250 13:59, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

An example of NPOV wording might be to note that we are left of Conservopedia rather than claim Wikipedia is left or leftist. WAS 4.250 14:01, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Feel free to remove any bias you see in my writings. --Ed Poor 14:04, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

 * I just breathed a sigh of relief. I can see you are not here to continue a battle, but here to help. Wonderful. The fact that everyone in this group is so different can be a great asset. Welcome aboard again. WAS 4.250 14:16, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

Thanks, Ed!
I guess for the early history stuff I had more of an "interview" thing in mind, which would then be a source we could work from. I'm going to try and track down a few other "early adopters" from WP as well... not just for the Ethics project, but we have for years now wanted to do a "history of wikipedia" book on Wikibooks, and stories from folks like you would be an excellent way to start. Wikiversity seems to be the best place to conduct the research and line up materials (ideally, I'd like to see a lot of learning resources on Wikiversity that either gather material to create wikibooks, and/or use Wikibooks for their primary "class texts").

A semi related question: how would you compare Wikiversity's way of doing things now compared to Wikipedia's early on? We so far have few policies and a lot of sysops, and most if not all of the "native Wikiversitans" are rather dedicated idealists. --SB_Johnny | talk 14:34, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

 * I haven't been here long enough to tell. Maybe I should do an RFA ... --Ed Poor 14:50, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Heh, well, we don't really do RFAs here: see WV:RFC. If you want the tools, you're welcome to them (I'll happily "mentor" you, though I suspect I'll have much more to learn from you then the other way around)... just don't expect a lot of excitement, our ratio of custodians to active users is far closer to even than WP ever was, and we really don't do much because we've tried to design thing to be unattractive to attention-seeking troublemakers. --SB_Johnny | talk 15:05, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ed Poor


text:
Template talk:Solstice-equinox

Wow! Did I really do that? I don't even remember how to program templates any more. I guess all this PHP/MySQL has driven it out of my mind. --Ed Poor 14:10, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

title: Template talk:Solstice-equinox


text:
Machine design

MACHINE DESIGN

Machine design is an area of study in which one learns to design machine parts by utilizing its whole knowledge and experience in field of mechanical engineering. OBJECTIVES OF DESIGN

 * DESIGN FOR STRENGTH- safety is first so part to be designed should strong enough to withstand forces in its service. It also required to be resist some probable happening during service due to increased load by some reason.
 * DESIGN FOR FUNCTION- every part in a machine has its own function for which it is applied in machine. designer should ensure that the part to be designed should fulfill its function satisfactory.
 * DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURING PROCESS- Designer have to modify its product in the light of available manufacturing processes and their limitations and strengths. Design of machined part is generally different from that of casting etc.
 * DESIGN FOR SAFETY- designer should ensure that the part he is designing should safe in use. And any life or health hazard will not produce from its working.
 * DESIGN FOR LOOK AND COMFORT- It is a secondary priority of designer to make a part with high level of comfort for user and also looks good.

Learning projects and resources

 * Machine design
 * Search for Machine design at Wikiversity

Wikimedia

 * Machine design

title: Machine design


text:
Talk:Wikimedia Ethics/Introduction

Sign comments?
I'm not sure who's saying what on the content page, and I think it might be better to keep it as a "discussion" for now rather than content, because there are PPOVs (Personal Points Of View) involved.

Response to a comment on my part:

 * It's not effective in the enforcement of NPOV or civility. Enforcement of civility is seen, paradoxically, is inherently uncivil itself. "How dare you tell me to stop being uncivil?! Who do you think you are?" The consensus (expressed by User:Carcharoth) is to expect that any effort to squelch hurtful words directed at one's peers is likely to provoke more such words directed at the enforcing admin. The current arbcom case involving William Connolley is an example.

I've been involved with moderating civility problems on both Commons and Wikibooks, neither of which has much in the way of a dispute resolution process. I got plenty of arrows in the back, but also support, and in any case they ended well.

Is the problem with how ARBCOM members are chosen? Is it fair to give them so much power? Are their "activity requirements" fair to them? Would it be better to create ad hoc committees for each case? I can't answer any of those questions. --SB_Johnny | talk 17:18, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

 * The problem is that Wikipedia and ArbCom are operating at Stage 4 of the Kohlberg Ladder, rather than the more functional Stage 5. By adopting the Law and Order Sanctions Regime rather than the Social Contract Model, Wikipedia reprises the dysfunctionality caricatured in Fyodor Dostoevsky's Crime and Punishment and The Brothers Karamazov.  René Girard's literary analysis of Dostoevsky's caricature yields this adaptation of Girard's Model to the case of Wikipedia.  —Moulton 04:16, 20 July 2008 (UTC)

 * The rules as written are not at Stage 4 of the Kohlberg Ladder; but it can certainly be argued that the rules as experienced by Moulton are. The implementation of the rules are up to the admins who wish to implement them and we lack an effective way to de-admin admins who misuse their admin powers. WAS 4.250 01:31, 22 July 2008 (UTC)

 * The rules, as I observed the adversarial editors use them, were invoked as nuclear weapons, in the spirit of Wizard Chess. —Moulton 05:07, 22 July 2008 (UTC)

You can see who said what by using history and diff, but I have no objection to signing.

On another note, Moulton wrote:

 * In the projects that I found most successful, consensus meant no one seriously objected. If there was an objection, the terms of the agreement were tweaked until everyone was nearly equally in favor and no one expressed strong reservations.

At Wikipedia, "consensus" means that a supermajority is empowered to overrule the objections of the minority. For example, in the flagship "evolution" and "intelligent design" articles, POV pushers clearly have control. They make evolution seem unquestionably correct in the eyes of scientists, and even assert that most Americans believe in it (actually, 85% disagree: YEC = 40% and OEC = 45%, only 15% think evolution occurs without God's specific intervention). The position that ID *is* Creationism is likewise endorsed. Even the reason ID theorists say that ID isn't Creationism is suppressed - one editor told me, "If we include his statement, it makes ID look too good."

So the end result is that whatever 15 or 20 guys (and a gal or two) decide to have the encyclopedia say, it's going to say. The dispute resolution process is a joke. I tried it, and it got me put on probation for POV-pushing! This is ironic, as all I wanted is an article that refuses to endorse or condemn any POV. --Ed Poor 20:48, 24 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Yeah, consensus has a very different meaning on WM projects (I'm a Quaker, so I'm familiar with it from other contexts). The problem is that it would be very hard to use true consensus in this kind of atmosphere, because all too often neither side is willing to concede, which should be the final step in consensus (i.e., the people on one side simply concede their objections and help the group move forward on whatever was decided). It's definitely an ethical issue, but it's a poser: the kind of connections you have between members of an internet-based community are far different from those found in real world communities (let alone the mystical connection Quakers use). --SB_Johnny | talk 14:41, 25 July 2008 (UTC)

 * I live just a few miles from Walden Pond, where Henry David Thoreau did some serious thinking. One of the things he thought about was something we today call Civil Rights.  That's a concept that recognizes that the majority does not have an unalienable right to oppress the minority.  One of Thoreau's better known essays is entitled "On the Duty of Civil Disobedience."  Even a 13-year old can reason deeply about that idea.  —Moulton 21:52, 24 July 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Wikimedia Ethics/Introduction


text:
Talk:History of Architecture

merge
moved from: Talk:Introduction to the History of Architecture What about merging with History of Architecture page? --Yorik 21:51, 19 July 2008 (UTC)
 * I will give it a try. Some content was added in a subsection "Other ideas to implement on this page". Would be nice, if someone can continue from here. Thx, Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 10:29, 20 July 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:History of Architecture


text:
Bloom Clock/Keys/New Hampshire/July/White Flowers

Send flowers

flower delivery


text:
Bloom Clock/Keys/New Hampshire/July/White Flowers/DPL

This page is used to help create a graphical list.

 category=White flowered plants category=BCP/NHAMP/7 order=descending ordermethod=lastedit


text:
User:Nashaii~enwikiversity

Wei. I'm mainly interested in languages; Latin mostly, as I will soon be forced to take online classes due to lack of interest at my school (had a terrible teacher). I also like a little Chinese, which I find far easier (and harder, depends on if I'm reading or speaking). I live in the Eastern US, and would be willing to help with anything I can, if I have the time. Really. Anything. Just let me know and I'll see what I can do.

title: User:Nashaii~enwikiversity


text:
BCP/Scutellaria galericulata

Scutellaria galericulata

title: BCP/Scutellaria galericulata


text:
BCP/Scutellaria galericulata/Logs

2008 Logs

 * (no archived logs yet)

Recent Logs

 * Jomegat 03:24, 20 July 2008 (UTC)

title: BCP/Scutellaria galericulata/Logs


text:
BCP/Triadenum virginicum

Triadenum virginicum

title: BCP/Triadenum virginicum


text:
BCP/Triadenum virginicum/Logs

2008 Logs

 * Jomegat 03:44, 20 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Jomegat 19:19, 2 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Jomegat 20:31, 9 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Jomegat 01:19, 17 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Jomegat 00:01, 24 August 2008 (UTC)

2009 Logs

 * Jomegat 03:53, 2 August 2009 (UTC)

Recent Logs

 * Jomegat 20:35, 10 July 2010 (UTC)
 * Jomegat 19:45, 24 July 2010 (UTC)

title: BCP/Triadenum virginicum/Logs


text:
User talk:Nashaii~enwikiversity

Hello, welcome around here. I hope we can help you succeed in your (language) learning goals. You also have a reply here. Below more info about Wikiversity, Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 06:57, 20 July 2008 (UTC)

 Hello Nashaii, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random random project.
 * Browse everything on Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 06:57, 20 July 2008 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Nashaii. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Nashaii~enwikiversity that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:44, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 06:17, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Nashaii~enwikiversity


text:
User:Emesee/Miscellaneous papers

 * December 2008 “Efforts to Reprioritise the Agenda” in China: British American Tobacco's Efforts to Influence Public Policy on Secondhand Smoke in China

 * June 2007 Crisis of Value and the Ethical Economy

 * July 2008 A Distributed Document Repository - Without Serializability

Collections of papers

 * Bureau of Justice Assistance Publications

Journals

 * Electronic Journal of Human Sexuality

title: User:Emesee/Miscellaneous papers


text:
User talk:Emesee/Miscellaneous papers

What is here with the first edit could perhaps be grouped with maybe economics papers, or some other area. Emesee 07:52, 20 July 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Emesee/Miscellaneous papers


text:
User talk:Cosmicdoodle

Hello, welcome around here. I hope we can help you succeed in your learning goals. Thx for your interest in the OERs. Below more info about Wikiversity, Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 08:59, 20 July 2008 (UTC)

 Hello Cosmicdoodle, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random random project.
 * Browse everything on Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 08:59, 20 July 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Cosmicdoodle


text:
Talk:Web Design/Web design group learning activities

Dear All Friends Worldwide,

Greetings from Lombok Island Indonesia, Great to know you all here, May God blesses you...

I am as newbie in web design, anyone can help me about using free webhostin as here:

[link see version history]

Awaiting for your kind answer and help. See you...

Thanks & My Best Regards,

Herwi
 * URL removed
 * Herwi, did you ask already the support from that service provider /they have also FAQ and forum as I see) ? what did they say ? Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 09:46, 20 July 2008 (UTC)


text:
User talk:Chantessy

 Hello Chantessy, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random random project.
 * Browse everything on Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! SB_Johnny | talk 10:18, 20 July 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Chantessy


text:
User talk:Doktory

Hello, welcome around here. I hope we can help you succeed in your language learning goals. You have a reply here: Talk:Czech Pronunciation. Below more info about Wikiversity, Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 10:23, 20 July 2008 (UTC)

 Hello Doktory, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random random project.
 * Browse everything on Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 10:23, 20 July 2008 (UTC)

Thank You for welcome. My knowledge of English is not very good, but I trying to write only in English on discuss pages. That was rarity within the context of the page. I supposed, that somebody who care about the page Czech Pronunciation will understand Czech language. I'm from cs:Wikipedia, so Wikiversity is quite unknown for me. And I know about Czech version, but there is still synchronization running, so I didn't explore it yet. It was happenstance, that I come to page about Czech language. Once more thank You. S pozdravem --Doktory 14:27, 20 July 2008 (UTC)
 * I think about Czech Wikiversity User:Juan could give you some hints. I will tell him to look here or drop you an email. See you, Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 17:15, 20 July 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Doktory


text: Category:Interpersonal behaviors

title: Category:Interpersonal behaviors


text:
Assessment

Assessment is appraisal or evaluation.

Resources

 * Educational Assessment
 * Evidence-based assessment

Categories

 * Category:Assessments
 * Category:Assessment measures

title: Assessment


text: Category:Constructivist learning

title: Category:Constructivist learning


text:
Template:Subpage

This adds page to Category:Wikiversity subpage cleanup.

title: Template:Subpage


text: Category:Wikiversity subpage cleanup

title: Category:Wikiversity subpage cleanup


text: Category:User testing of e-learning courses


text: Category:Psychomotor behaviors

title: Category:Psychomotor behaviors


text: Category:Affective behaviors

title: Category:Affective behaviors


text:
Category:Electric circuits analysis

el:Κατηγορία:Ηλεκτρικά κυκλώματα

title: Category:Electric circuits analysis


text:
Template:Atp

Parameters:
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title: Template:Atp


text: Category:Assistant teacher course

title: Category:Assistant teacher course


text:
User:Tariq.ahmed26

hi all this is Tariq Qadri. How are you all?

title: User:Tariq.ahmed26


text:
User:Prohlep

 * The short version of my CV.

 * Deutsch

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 * Incubator

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 * University 17.54, 20 July 2008

 * User:Prohlep/scope

title: User:Prohlep


text:
Wikiversity:Help desk/archives/April 2008

solving an equation with a variable in the exponent
hello my problem is 1.09^4x=3.4

i've tried using the "power" property to make it 4x1.09=3.4 and solving accordingly, but i get the wrong answer

the answer is supposed to be 3.0552 rounded 4 places

i am stuck and any help would be greatly appreciated

thanks in advance --12.210.5.44 20:01, 31 March 2008 (UTC)

 * I believe there is a way to do it with logarithms, but I don't recall the specifics. Of course, we can always do trial and correction for this type of problem.  First, let's try some integer values for X:

x 1.094x - - 1   1.41 2   1.99 3   2.81 4   3.97

 * At this point we can see that 3.4 is between 2.81 and 3.97, so our answer for X is between 3 and 4. Since 3.4 is just about in the middle of those values, let's try 3.5 for X next:

x   1.094x --- - 1     1.41 2     1.99 3     2.81 3.5   3.34 4     3.97

 * So, 3.34 is just a bit low, so let's try 3.6 for X:

x   1.094x --- - 1     1.41 2     1.99 3     2.81 3.5   3.34 3.6   3.46 4     3.97

 * Now we're over 3.4 just as much as we were under before, so let's try 3.55 for X and add another couple decimal points of accuracy, too:

x   1.094x --- - 1     1.41 2     1.99 3     2.81 3.5   3.34 3.55  3.3998 3.6   3.46 4     3.97

 * We're really close now, just slightly under, so let's try 3.551:

x   1.094x --- - 1     1.41 2     1.99 3     2.81 3.5   3.34 3.55  3.3998 3.551 3.4010 3.6   3.46 4     3.97

 * The previous value was actually much closer, so let's try 3.5502 for X this time:

x    1.094x ---  - 1      1.41 2      1.99 3      2.81 3.5    3.34 3.55   3.3998 3.5502 3.40006 3.551  3.4010 3.6    3.46 4      3.97

 * So, this is probably close enough. Note that the answer you listed above had the zero in the wrong place. StuRat 22:49, 31 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Addendum: The solution using logs is ln(3.4)/[(4)ln(1.09)] = 3.55015127. StuRat 12:44, 3 April 2008 (UTC)

You can also solve it the following way, if you don't want to try "trial and error". 1.09^(4x)=3.4 => ln(1.09^(4x))=ln(3.4)  [as long as 1.09^(4x) > 0, which is true for all x in the real number system] => (4x)(ln(1.09))=ln(3.4) => 4x = (ln(3.4))/(ln(1.09)) => x = ln(3.4)/[4(ln(1.09)]

Plug the expression on the right side of the equal sign into a log friendly calculator, and it will reply with 3.55015127 /sk

"Permission Error" when uploading a file
--Kevin K 22:30, 31 March 2008 (UTC)How do I upload a file? I am logged in, but when I try to upload a file, I get a "Permission Error" page that says the function is restricted to autoconfirmed users.22:30, 31 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Hi Kevin, this happens because some of the functions (upload, move pages,...) are available only after a certain time, e.g. 4 days, after your account was created. Your account was created, 5:36, 30 March 2008, Erkan Yilmaz uses the Wikiversity:Chat (try) 22:33, 31 March 2008 (UTC)

Sage accounting software
I need to learn sage accounting software, can anybody help me please? i also need to know any free website where i can learn SAGE software.thanx in advance --202.70.152.179 10:48, 1 April 2008 (UTC)

 * They offer training at their own site here: . You can also find other training with a Google search: .  Here is some free online training: .  You may want to spend some thyme looking through the sage Google search results for other free training. :-) StuRat 14:50, 1 April 2008 (UTC)

topology 1
Prove that a sequentially compact subset of a metric space is totally bounded --196.200.45.194 19:16, 1 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Is this homework ? If so, show us what you've done so far.  StuRat 19:46, 1 April 2008 (UTC)

topology
1. Let A be a subset of a topological space (X,T). Show that the following are equivalent i) A is compact with respect to T ii) A is compact with respect to the relative topology TA on A

2. Let A be a sequentially compact subset of a metric space X. Show that A is totally bounded.

--196.200.45.194 19:25, 1 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Is this homework ? If so, show us what you've done so far.  StuRat 19:46, 1 April 2008 (UTC)

Exponential growth and decay
--12.210.5.44 04:39, 2 April 2008 (UTC)

Hey guys I'm stuck using the formula for exponential growth and decay

the problem is:

Dead Sea Scrolls Willard Libby, a nuclear chemist from the University of Chicago, developed radiocarbon dating in the 1940s. This dating method, effective on specimens up to about 40,000 years old, works best on objects like shells, charred bones, and plants that contain carbon. Libby's first great success came in 1951 when he dated the Dead Sea Scrolls. Carbon-14 has a half life of 5730 years. If Libby found 79.3% of the original carbon-14 still present, then in about what year re the scrolls made?

If you would please please give me a full detailed explanation of how to solve this problem it would be greatly appreciated.

Thanks in advance.

 * First find the number of half lives using (0.5)h = 0.793

 * You could do this with trial and correction. We know that less than one half life has passed since less than half of the carbon has decayed.  We can try 0.5 of a half life first.  Since (0.5)(0.5) = 0.7071, that's too much decay, so let's try 0.4 half lives.  (0.5)(0.4) = 0.7579, that's still too much decay, so let's try 0.3 half lives.  (0.5)(0.3) = 0.8123, so that's too little decay.  Let's make a chart:

half lives  portion remaining --  - 0.3          0.8123 0.4          0.7579 0.5          0.7071

 * 0.793 is between 0.8123 and 0.7579, and closer to 0.8123, so let's choose a value closer to 0.3 than 0.4 next. I'll pick 0.33:

half lives  portion remaining --  - 0.3          0.8123 0.33         0.7955 0.4          0.7579 0.5          0.7071

 * Now let's try 0.34:

half lives  portion remaining --  - 0.3          0.8123 0.33         0.7955 0.34         0.7901 0.4          0.7579 0.5          0.7071

 * Since 0.793 is about midway between 0.7901 and 0.7955, let's try a value midway between 0.33 and 0.34:

half lives  portion remaining --  - 0.3          0.8123 0.33         0.7955 0.335        0.7928 0.34         0.7901 0.4          0.7579 0.5          0.7071

 * Let's continue to add more accuracy to the answer:

half lives  portion remaining --  - 0.3          0.8123 0.33         0.7955 0.334        0.7933 0.3346       0.7930 0.335        0.7928 0.34         0.7901 0.4          0.7579 0.5          0.7071

 * That's close enough for me, but you can continue to refine the answer further if you wish. The final step is to multiply the number of half lives times the length of each.  Thus, 0.3346(5730) = 1917 years.  Subtract that from the date on which the carbon dating was done (1951) to get 34 AD.  In the case of carbon dating that means that's when the tree, plants, or animals from which the scrolls were made died, as they stopped absorbing carbon then.  Thus, the scrolls were made some time after 34 AD, with a suitable margin of error added.  See carbon dating for more detail including ways to calculate the answer using logarithms.  Also, if you will include the work you've done using the formula you were given for exponential growth and decay, I can help find any errors in your work.  StuRat 12:07, 2 April 2008 (UTC)

Actually the way you would go about solving this is to first find the rate at which it decayed.

so you set up the formula of:

.5A0=A0ek5730

which then you would divide out A0 on each side of the equation leaving you with:

.5=ek5730

next you would take the natural log and use the power property to bring down k5730

ln(.5) = k5730

next you would simply divide 5730 on each side to find the rate at which it decayed:

k = ln(.5)/5730

which is : -.000120968094 or -1.20968094E-4

now that you have the rate k you can input that to find out the date at which the scrolls were made

you do this by inputting the value you found for k:

.793A0=A0e-0.000120968094t

do the same things as before divide both sides by A0:

.793=e-0.000120968094t

take the natural log of both sides and use the power property to bring down -0.000120968094t leaving you with:

t = ln(.793)/-0.000120968094

t = 1917.299422 approximately 1917(the year it was compared to the date he found it)

so to find the actual date the scroll was created you simply subtract the date which he discovered it from the value of t(1917)

1951-1917 = 34

the scroll was made in 34 a.d.

this is the correct way to answer the problem

 * Thanks for providing the log solution. I mistakenly used the current date (I've now corrected my work).  Rereading the question it does appear that the carbon dating was done in 1951.  The date the carbon dating was done is, of course, the date from which we should subtract the elapsed time, not the current date or the date the objects were discovered (if different).  It looks like your solution can be simplified to 1951 - [(5730)ln(.793)/ln(.5)] = 34, where ln(.793)/ln(.5) is the number of half lives I also found above (.3346 half lives).  StuRat 12:24, 3 April 2008 (UTC)

wind turbines
--117.97.150.61 03:11, 10 April 2008 (UTC)name karthik i wanted to know in detail about the wind turbines pls help me in finding the books from wikibooks give me an idea how to download the books

 * To find the books I just went to Wikibooks and typed in "wind turbine" in the search box. I found the following:

 * Historical -> Technologies_for_Rural_Development/Creating_energy

 * Current -> Electronics/History/Chapter_4

 * To download a book, go to each chapter, then click on File + Save As on your web browser. However, in the cases above, you really only need one chapter (the first book only has one chapter, and the second book only has one chapter that talks about wind turbines).  You might also want to check out, and/or download, the Wikipedia article: Wind turbine. StuRat 05:03, 10 April 2008 (UTC)

wikiversity chat
Dear all! I wanna involve in wikiversity chat but guys the IRC and etc etc is above my comprehension.Can anyone please tell me in simple steps?Take care! Cheers --Un-predictable 11:03, 12 April 2008 (UTC)

 * I don't know how to use it either, but suggest you ask at the Colloquium, which is for questions about Wikiversity: Colloquium. This help desk is for general knowledge questions, like "What's the deepest point in the ocean ?". StuRat 19:24, 22 April 2008 (UTC)


text:
Wikiversity:Help desk/archives/May 2008

Regression analysis
I would like to know how to get a formula or group of formulas from a set of numbers. From analyzing the data, I know that I will need a formula for the first several numbers, another formula for the odd other numbers, and another formula for the even other numbers. I think regression analysis would help but I can't seem to find a calculator or computer program that will do modulus piecewise formulaic regression when I don't even know where to start. Here are the numbers:

Set 1 x--y--To next x value 2--15--+37 3--52--+70 4--122+115 5--237+169 6--406+231 7--637+305 8--942+384 9--1326--+474 101800--+569 112369--+672 123041--+781 133822--+897 144719--+1018 155737--+1144 166881--+1274 178155--+1409 189564--+1547 1911111+1689 2012800+1832 2114632+1978 2216610+2127 2318737+2275 2421012+2425 2523437+2575 2626012+2725 2728737+2873 2831610+3022 2934632+3168 3037800+3311 3141111+3453 3244564+3591 3348155+3726 3451881+3856 3555737+3982 3659719+4103 3763822+4219 3868041+4328 3972369+4431 4076800+4526 4181326+4616 4285942+4695 4390637+4769 4495406+4831 45100273--+4885 46105122--+4930 47110052--+4963 48115015--+4986 49120001--+4999 50125000--+6324 51131324--+6471 52137795--+6615 53144410--+6755 54151165--+6891 55158056--+7023 56165079--+7150 57172229--+7274 58179503--+7391 59186894--+7506 60194400--+7613 61202013--+7715 62209728--+7812 63217540--+7903 64225443--+7988 65233431--+8065 66241496--+8137 67249633--+8201 68257834--+9572 69267406--+9052 70276458--+9870 71286328--+10030 72296358--+9409 73305767--+10307 74316074--+10457 75326531--+9724 76336255--+10710 77346965--+10847 78357812--+9995 79367807--+11073 80378880--+11197 81390077--+10216 82400293--+11393 83411686--+11504 84423190--+10382 85433572--+11667 86445239--+11762 87457001--+10488 88467489--+11889 89479378--+11968 90491346--+10532 91501878--+12056 92513934--+12115 93526049--+10508 94536557--+12163 95548720--+12202 96560922--+10411 97571333--+12206 98583539--+8343 99591882--+8118 100--600000

Set 2 x--y-To next x value 1--1--+3 2--4--+9 3--13+19 4--32+33 5--65+47 6--112--+66 7--178--+98 8--276--+117 9--393--+147 10540--+205 11745--+222 12967--+263 131230+361 141591+366 151957+500 162457+589 173046+686 183732+794 194526+914 205440+1042 216482+1184 227666+1337 239003+1503 2410506--+1681 2512187--+1873 2614060--+2080 2716140--+2299 2818438--+2535 2920974--+2786 3023760--+3051 3126811--+3335 3230146--+3634 3333780--+3951 3437731--+4286 3542017--+4639 3646656--+3997 3750653--+5316 3855969--+4536 3960505--+6055 4066560--+5117 4171677--+6856 4278533--+5744 4384277--+7721 4491998--+6417 4598415--+8654 46107069+7136 47114205+9658 48123863+7903 49131766+10734 50142500+8722 51151222+11883 52163105+9592 53172697+13110 54185807+10515 55196322+14417 56210739+11492 57222231+15805 58238036+12526 59250562+17278 60267840+13616 61281456+18837 62300293+14766 63315059+20485 64335544+15976 65351520+22224 66373744+17247 67390991+25059 68415050+18581 69433631+25989 70459620+19980 71479600+28017 72507617+21446 73529063+30146 74559209+22978 75582187+32379 76614566+24580 77639146+34717 78673863+26252 79700115+37165 80737280+27996 81765275+39722 82804997+29812 83834809+42392 84877201+31704 85908905+45179 86954084+33670 87987754+48083 881035837--+35715 891071552--+51108 901122660--+37839 911160499--+54254 921214753--+40043 931254796--+57526 941312322--+42330 951354652--+60925 961415577--+44699 971460276--+64455 981524731--+47153 991571884--+68116 100--1640000

I was not able to make a table. Someone please make a table from this data.

 * For the syntax of wikitables, see meta:help:table. For the dynamics, see meta:template:for, especially the examples.  We can try to make it work if it gets stuck.  Hillgentleman|Talk 17:51, 3 May 2008 (UTC)

Four point probe method
what is Four point probe method in semi conductor resistivity measurement,, Erkan Yilmaz uses the Wikiversity:Chat (try) PS: Tag a learning project with completion status !! 17:06, 25 May 2008 (UTC)

 * See here: . StuRat 23:01, 25 May 2008 (UTC)

title: Wikiversity:Help desk/archives/May 2008


text:
Wikiversity:Help desk/archives/June 2008

Viewing stars from the moon
How come this picture shows a black sky? Is it because the sun is out and it drowns out all the other light from all the stars, and then there is not enough atmosphere to show a blue sky? Something else? --Remi 05:54, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

 * This type of pic has been used by conspiracy theory advocates to "prove" that the Moon landing was faked. Of course, only idiots would forget the stars when filming a faked Moon landing.  The real explanation is rather boring, that point objects like stars don't show up well with a close focus in a low resolution pic.  If they used an infinite focus setting, the stars would show up better but the foreground would be blurry.  The lack of atmosphere may also play a role, as Earth's atmosphere tends to make the stars look larger and blurrier than they look in space or on the Moon. StuRat 08:53, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

What are the key differences between Wikiversity and Wikibooks?
... and where should I start a Free per article commentary project of the The Civil Code of the Russian Federation? (in russian) --Eugrus 13:54, 14 June 2008 (UTC) P.S. The project will be closely integrated with Russian Civil code text at Wikisource and Law Project at Russian Wikipedia --eugrus 14:10, 14 June 2008 (UTC)
 * Please see: differences between Wikiversity and Wikibooks. --McCormack 13:56, 14 June 2008 (UTC)
 * But what is about my Free per article commentary project of the The Civil Code of the Russian Federation? (Civil code text + links on corresponding laws and court practice). It is a book by its' form (as a large law itself law is), but not actually. Are there any other law commentary projects at Wikimedia sites?
 * A commentary on a code of civil law probably isn't suitable for Wikiversity. I'd suggest you try Wikibooks. --McCormack 14:26, 14 June 2008 (UTC)

can we convert power into signals ?
this question was asked by User:Eeeismail (copied from here), Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 07:27, 22 June 2008 (UTC)

 * I'm not quite sure how to interpret the question, but the answer appears to be "yes" to any interpretation I can think of:

 * 1) Can any source of power be used to generate some form of signal ? Yes, by converting the source of power to electricity and using that to send radio signals, for example.

 * 2) Can signals be sent through electrical lines ? Yes, even at the same time as electricity is sent on those lines.

 * 3) Can the power actually be the signal ? Yes, by varying amount of power in any medium, such as radio waves, you can also send a signal.

 * If you meant the question is some other way, please let us know. StuRat 10:40, 23 June 2008 (UTC)


text:
User:Mike Mather

Mike is an earth citizen living in Australia.

He is currently investigating the Socratic view to Generation Y.

title: User:Mike Mather


text:
Median

In Statistics, median is the number in the middle of a set of numbers.The median of a series of numbers is obtained by arranging the numbers in ascending order and then choosing the number in the 'middle'.If there are two'middle numbers the median is the average(mean) of these two numbers.

Examples and application
1. Find the median of the following set of numbers: 5, 4, 10, 3, 3, 4, 7, 4, 6, 5 So, first of all lets arrange the numbers in ascending order: 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 7, 10 Then you can use 'striking out' to find the median easily and without mixing as I did here: 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 7, 10

Here, what I did was that I began canceling for the ends of the set: cancel the 3 with 10, the second three with 7 and so on.. So, now we found out that the median was two numbers: 4 and 5. In this case we will add them and then divide them by two, just as if we are finding their mean. So 4+5=9, and then 9\2 is 4.5, so the median here is 4.5.

title: Median


text:
User talk:Peterk~enwikiversity

 Hello Peterk, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random random project.
 * Browse everything on Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
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And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! Jtneill - Talk - c 04:03, 21 July 2008 (UTC)

 Hello , we are the Baah and Bahh twins and we'd both like to welcome you to Wikiversity. While you sit back and explore Wikiversity, enjoy some of our fresh goat milk. You can help us learn by creating new learning resources or help us by improving the guided tours and other exploration tools. We look forward to seeing you around. Baaaahbye for now.

Nice contrib
On the SPSS/About page - thanks. -- Jtneill - Talk - c 04:03, 21 July 2008 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Peterk. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Peterk~enwikiversity that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:40, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 06:17, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Peterk~enwikiversity


text: Template:Statistics

title: Template:Statistics


text:
User talk:Paraparanormal~enwikiversity

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Paraparanormal. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Paraparanormal~enwikiversity that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:46, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 06:17, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Paraparanormal~enwikiversity


text:
User talk:Mike Mather

 Hello Mike Mather, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random random project.
 * Browse everything on Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! --Gbaor 05:04, 21 July 2008 (UTC)

 Hello , we are the Baah and Bahh twins and we'd both like to welcome you to Wikiversity. While you sit back and explore Wikiversity, enjoy some of our fresh goat milk. You can help us learn by creating new learning resources or help us by improving the guided tours and other exploration tools. We look forward to seeing you around. Baaaahbye for now.

title: User talk:Mike Mather


text:
User talk:Applecat789

---

title: User talk:Applecat789


text:
User talk:Tariq.ahmed26

 Hello Tariq.ahmed26, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random random project.
 * Browse everything on Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! --Gbaor 05:04, 21 July 2008 (UTC)

 Hello , we are the Baah and Bahh twins and we'd both like to welcome you to Wikiversity. While you sit back and explore Wikiversity, enjoy some of our fresh goat milk. You can help us learn by creating new learning resources or help us by improving the guided tours and other exploration tools. We look forward to seeing you around. Baaaahbye for now.

title: User talk:Tariq.ahmed26


text:
User talk:Herwi9

 Hello Herwi9, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random random project.
 * Browse everything on Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! --Gbaor 05:04, 21 July 2008 (UTC)

 Hi! Our name is Vicky-Verity. We are twins and are Wikiversity mascots. We think Wikiversity is a great place to learn and make friends (when we aren't sleeping). Leave us a message!

title: User talk:Herwi9


text:
User talk:Kaydell~enwikiversity

 Hello Kaydell, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random random project.
 * Browse everything on Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! --Gbaor 05:04, 21 July 2008 (UTC)

 Hello , we are the Baah and Bahh twins and we'd both like to welcome you to Wikiversity. While you sit back and explore Wikiversity, enjoy some of our fresh goat milk. You can help us learn by creating new learning resources or help us by improving the guided tours and other exploration tools. We look forward to seeing you around. Baaaahbye for now.

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Kaydell. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Kaydell~enwikiversity that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:41, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 06:13, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Kaydell~enwikiversity


text:
User talk:Moeng

 Hello Moeng, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random random project.
 * Browse everything on Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! --Gbaor 05:04, 21 July 2008 (UTC)

 Hi! My name is WikiversityJack. I am a pumpkin and a Wikiversity mascot. My aunt told me that fun + learning = Wikiversity. Let me know if I can help you out.

title: User talk:Moeng


text:
User talk:Rgrg

 Hello Rgrg, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random random project.
 * Browse everything on Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! --Gbaor 05:04, 21 July 2008 (UTC)

 Hi! Our name is Vicky-Verity. We are twins and are Wikiversity mascots. We think Wikiversity is a great place to learn and make friends (when we aren't sleeping). Leave us a message!

title: User talk:Rgrg


text:
User talk:Recharge~enwikiversity

 Hello Recharge, and welcome to Wikiversity! If you need help, feel free to visit my talk page, or contact us and ask questions. After you leave a comment on a talk page, remember to sign and date; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon in the edit window makes it simple. To get started, you may

 * Take a guided tour and learn to edit.
 * Visit a (kind of) random random project.
 * Browse everything on Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary, non-formal education.
 * Find out about research activities on Wikiversity.

 * Read an introduction for teachers and find out how to write an educational resource for Wikiversity.
 * Discuss Wikiversity issues or ask questions at the colloquium.
 * Chat with other Wikiversitans on #wikiversity-en.

And don't forget to explore Wikiversity with the links to your left. Be bold to contribute and to experiment with the sandbox or your userpage, and see you around Wikiversity! --Gbaor 05:05, 21 July 2008 (UTC)

 Hi! Our name is Vicky-Verity. We are twins and are Wikiversity mascots. We think Wikiversity is a great place to learn and make friends (when we aren't sleeping). Leave us a message!

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Recharge. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Recharge~enwikiversity that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:49, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 06:18, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Recharge~enwikiversity