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Presidente Prudente

Presidente Prudente is a city in the state of São Paulo. It's one of the main industrial and cultural centers of the São Paulo West, so much so that became known as the "Capital of the West Paulista".

Understand
Presidente Prudente occupies an area of 562 km², of which 16.5 km² are in urban area, and its population was estimated in 2010 at 208,000 dwellers, then being the 36th most populous in São Paulo. Today the municipality is formed by the city of Presidente Prudente and districts, Ameliópolis, Eneida, Floresta do Sul and Montalvão, subdivided in about 220 neighborhoods.

Prudente is next to the river basin of the Paraná River, in its territory several sub-basins of small and medium streams with important roles in your configuration, and being drained by streams Veado and Cedro, belonging to the river Santo Anastacio basin; and the stream of Onça and river Mandaguari, belonging to the Peixe River basin. The city presents itself gently undulating with continuous occurrence of hills, in the vast majority with dividers made of waterways.

History

The city of Presidente Prudente was named after President Prudente de Morais, who was a Brazilian lawyer and politician, first governor of the state of São Paulo (1889-1890). With the great economic crisis of 1929, the economy of municipalities linked to coffee production suffered great shock and Presidente Prudente introduced economic activities such as the cultivation of cotton. The industrialization of the city began in the mid-1930s.

In the 1940s much of the usable land in the area was made up of pastures. The increasing importance of cattle ranching in the High Sorocabana region was accomplished by deforestation. The correlated industrial activities in the early days of logging, turned to the transformation of raw materials, mainly offered by cattle breeding.

Climate
The Presidente Prudente climate is tropical rainy with less dry and cold winters (with occurrence of light frosts in a few days of the season) and rainy summers with temperatures high. July is the driest month, and January the rainiest month. In the 2010s, however, the hot, dry days during the winter have been increasingly frequent, often surpassing 30°C, especially between the months of July and September.

Get in
Presidente Prudente is about  west of the state capital.

By car
The city of Presidente Prudente has three state highways.

 * SP 270 (Raposo Tavares highway) - Connects São Paulo the Presidente Epitácio to the border of Mato Grosso do Sul, past Presidente Prudente . The highway is concessioned by CART - Dealership Auto Raposo Tavares. This highway toll account, see the points of collections and their values by site http://www.cartsa.com.br
 * SP 501 (Júlio Budisk road) - Link between Presidente Prudente and SP 294 - Captain João Ribeiro de Barros road, crossing cities New Alta Paulista Osvaldo Cruz, Adamantina, Dracena and Panorama.
 * SP 425 (Chateaubriant Assis highway) - Connects the state motto of São Paulo with the states of Minas Gerais and Paraná. This road serves as a link to Presidente Prudente São José do Rio Preto and the city served by SP 300 - Marshal Rondon highway.

On foot
Presidente Prudente is an easy enough city to walk. The main traffic routes are basically flat, with few slopes. Paths are narrow in the central area, meaning you might be in for some tight squeezes between traffic and other pedestrians. The footpaths are somewhat haphazard, so pay attention as you walk.

By bus
The city does not have exclusive lines Tour, but companies making mass transit, covering areas considered tourist and of great importance to the city and region. Find out the schedules and itineraries with transport companies by phone or information stations. One can consult routes and schedules through the President Prudente City Hall site. (only in Portuguese)

By car

 * Transit can seem a bit chaotic, but the city council and the secretariat responsible for city traffic are making the necessary improvements in their way. The streets are old urban structures projects are narrow, which need careful attention of the driver to have no problems with the cars of his right, whether moving or parked.
 * Avoid transit through central pathways, which are among the avenues Brasil, Manoel Goulart, Coronel Marcondes and Washingon Luiz on weekdays. Roads are a lot of pedestrian traffic and a large concentration of cars. Another problem is the parking issue, and in the central area for the collection of "Blue Zone" (Rotary Park). Outside this perimeter there are also difficulties in finding places to park on weekdays, especially in the central perimeter and the shopping centers where parking is charged.
 * The city is an exaggeration obstacles. The municipality has fixed electronic surveillance, allowing a maximum speed of 60 km/h on the fine passage in red lights. The city also has mobile radars, which can be in any avenue monitoring traffic. In the central area are not allowed large vehicles with more than two tons.

By taxi
Prudente has radio taxi companies and taxi points throughout the city.

Eat
Presidente Prudente is a full plate for anyone visiting. It is not difficult to find bars, restaurants, tapas bars, pizzerias, pubs, snack bars, has it all! Just do not eat who does not want.

Budget
Who has little money the city offers everything from large networks of restaurants, fast food, offering affordable, to snack bars with simple snacks.

Mid-range
Have a little more money in your pocket, options also abound.

Splurge
If you are wealthy, there are fancy places and very well attended.

Phone
The international code area of Brazil is 55, since area code (DDD) of Presidente Prudente is 18.

The city has the cell phone system satellite Globalstar. Even the city is one of the ground stations of the company in Brazil, and there are only three stations in the country, in Manaus, Petrolina and Presidente Prudente.

Internet
Prudente is served by several points of particular Wi-Fi (hotels, schools, shops, restaurants, etc.), public and restricted public (for registration on the property). Below are some of the important public points:

Access by password
Password provided by registration at the establishment.

 * Prudenshopping
 * Parque Shopping Prudente
 * Centro Universitário Toledo
 * Unoeste
 * Aeroporto de Presidente Prudente
 * Sesc Thermas Prudente

Public access

 * Ameliópolis: Rua Lauro dos Santos
 * Ana Jacinta: Avenida Raymundo Nonato Lima
 * Balneário da Amizade
 * Bolsão de Veículos Parque do Povo
 * Brasil Novo: Rua Maria Guevara Branco, 107
 * Centro Cultural Matarazzo: Rua Quintino Bocaiúva, 749/827
 * Centro de Eventos IBC
 * Complexo Parque Aquático Cidade da Criança
 * Eneida: Rua Noroeste, 330
 * Estádio Caetano Peretti: Rua Túlio Cechetti, 517
 * Estádio Prudentão: Avenida Presidente Juscelino Kubitschek
 * Floresta do Sul: Rua Sebastião de Souza, defronte ao nº 551
 * Ginásio de Esportes da Vila Iti: Rua Antônio Luthero dos Santos
 * Humberto Salvador
 * Jardim Jequetibás
 * Jardim São Bento
 * João Domingos
 * Maré Mansa
 * Montalvão: Rua Dezesseis de Novembro com a Rua Oswaldo Cruz
 * Morada do Sol: Rua Wilson Gimenes, 250
 * Parque do Povo: Avenida 14 de Setembro, 2232
 * Parque Ecológico Cidade da Criança
 * Planalto-Planaltina
 * Praça 9 de julho: Avenida Coronel Marcondes
 * Praça Ana Jacinta: Rua Luiz Mungo, 151
 * Praça CEU
 * Praça Cohab: Rua Adelino Rodrigues Gatto, 1219
 * Praça do Texaco
 * Praça Raposo Tavares: Rua Raposo Tavares
 * Prefeitura Municipal: Avenida Coronel Marcondes, 1200
 * PUM: Avenida Coronel José Soares Marcondes, 1842
 * Quiosque Mario Amato
 * Residencial Dayane
 * Rodoviária: Avenida Brasil, 1380
 * São Judas: Rua Coronel Albino, 1062
 * Vila Nova Prudente

Postal service
Post Offices have branches and collection boxes throughout the city. See the attendance points:

Stay safe
Prudente is like other cities in Brazil, there are points of greatest risk, safer ones. The city does not have pockets of poverty, and slums in uneven areas. There are so poor neighborhoods, distant and more prone to drug trafficking and crimes, but the city, luckily and public security actions, does not have major points of intorpecentes consumption. However the locals consider the relatively quiet town.

The region has a lot of prisons, especially since the closure of the Carandiru Prison in the capital in 2002. Over the years the city became an important center for monitoring and Civil Police Military Intelligence and the State of São Paulo, since the major heads of criminal organizations are in Region prisons.

The traveler should be aware in remote places, especially at night. Stay in well-lit and busy places. Avoid walking after 23:00 on weekdays, in Downtown and Parque do Povo area. Use only in case of necessity the public toilets in the evening Parque do Povo, as these sites become places of prostitution and drug users. Another point to be avoided is the region comprising the Bus Station and Urban Terminal as it is a place of prostitution and customarily occur armed robbery.

Taking the necessary precautions tourists will always be safe in the city. If you need to contact the local police for points-to-face and telephone service in addition to the "190" of the PM.

Gyms
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Banks
Presidente Prudente has dozens of banking houses, in addition to self-service boxes scattered shops, public services and shopping malls. Agencies and banks listed below are the main ones.

Go next

 * Presidente Epitácio It is one of the tourist resorts of the West Paulista, busy mainly in the carnival, with parades of the city's samba schools on the banks of the Paraná River, the Figueiral. The city was elected with by the most beautiful sunset in Brazil ( Distance: by SP 270 - Raposo Tavares )
 * Londrina It is the second largest city in the state of Paraná, one of the most important urban centers in southern Brazil. There is a strong link between educational and commercial Prudente and Londrina, with a significant flow of people between cities. ( Distance: by the SP 270 - Raposo Tavares, SP 483 - José Batista de Souza, SP 421 - Jorge Bassil Dower and highways of Paraná )
 * Araçatuba, the second largest city in the West Paulista, is known nationally as the Live Cattle Capital. ( Distance: by the SP 425 - Assis Chateaubriand, SP 461 and SP 463 )
 * Maringá one of the few planned garden cities of Brazil. Wooded and a model of urbanism and security. ( Distance: by the SP 425 - Assis Chateaubriand and PR 317 - Deputado Sílvio Barros )
 * Marília, known as the National Food Capital, is one of the major cities closest to PP. ( Distance: by the SP 270 - Raposo Tavares and SP 333 - Rachid Rayes )

title: Presidente Prudente


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Presidio

Presidio is a small town in the Trans-Pecos region of Texas.

By car

 * US 67.svg connects the town with Marfa, to the north.
 * Texas_FM_170.svg FM 170 comes into town from the Big Bend National Park area.
 * Carretera federal 16.svg connects the Chihuahuan state capital with Ojinaga, Presidio's somewhat larger sister city on the other side of the Rio Grande. It serves as a "continuation" of US Hwy 67 into Mexico.

Buy
Since the last shop to cater to tourists closed a couple of years ago, the only interesting shopping is over the river in Ojinaga.

Eat
A lot more dining options can be found just across the border in Ojinaga.

Go next

 * Big Bend National Park, and the near-ghost town of Terlingua are all within an hour's drive east on farm road 170.
 * Big Bend Ranch State Park, 30 minutes east on FM 170. Texas' largest state park.
 * Chinati Hot Springs, Box 67 Candelaria Route (off Ranch Road 170 about 40 miles northwest in the community of Ruidosa). Hot springs as well as trails into the canyons of the Chinati Range.
 * Ojinaga is a larger city on the Mexican side of the border in the state of Chihuahua. It is perhaps the least spoiled of all the border towns and offers the visitor an experience like a Mexican interior town.
 * Peguis Canyon is a breathtaking geological feature about 25 miles to the east on Mexican Highway 16.
 * Shafter Historic Mining District, about 20 miles north on Highway 67. Adobe remnants of a silver mining community of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Presidio


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Veliki Preslav

Veliki Preslav (Bulgarian: Велики Преслав) is a town of about 9,000 people in northeastern Bulgaria, 20 km southwest of Shumen, the regional capital. Ancient Preslav, 2 km to the south, is the ruins of the early capital city of the medieval Bulgarian kingdom, and is a national archaeological reserve.

Understand
Formerly a village named Yeski Stambolchuk (deformed from Turkish Eski İstanbulcuk, which translates "Old Little Istanbul"), Veliki Preslav (literally "Great Preslav") was renamed upon Bulgaria's independence in 1878 in the honour of early capital city of the medieval Bulgarian kingdom, Preslav.

History

Perhaps the site of an earlier human settlement, Preslav was fortified and came into being as an urban centre in the early 9th century. Seeing quick growth thanks to its proximity to the then Bulgarian capital, Pliska, Preslav was made the first capital of newly Christianized Bulgaria in 893, when a pagan revolt took place in Pliska which angered pious Boris I, the first baptised king of Bulgarians. However, it took no more than 80 years that the good luck of the city ran out; many parts of the city was no more than ruins burnt to the ground after it was occupied by the Kyivan Principality in 970 and changed hands several times between them and the Byzantines in the following year. The outer suburbs and the large monasteries built during Bulgaria's conversion to Christianity were all but abandoned, and the glorious riches which made the city a worthy capital were all taken away during the war. The central city was left somewhat spared from the misdeeds of war, and the city kept some of its earlier importance but it didn't take long before the capital of the kingdom was shifted to Skopje in what is now North Macedonia, a location much easier to defend against rowdy neighbours.

The final blow to ancient Preslav came with the Tatar raids of 1270s, when the remaining population fled the fortress and moved to found Veliki Preslav in its current location.

Connect
The telephone code for Veliki Preslav is 538, which should be prefixed with 0 when calling within Bulgaria, or +359 when calling from abroad.

title: Veliki Preslav


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Prespa (Greece)

Prespa National Park is in northwestern Macedonia, Greece.

Understand
Located in the north-western corner of Greece at 850 metres above sea level and surrounded by mountains, the Prespa Lakes region is a natural park of great significance due to its biodiversity and endemic species. Prespa is a transboundary park shared between Greece, Albania and North Macedonia. The main features of the region are the two lakes, that also gives the name to the area: Macro Prespa (259.4 km² and Micro Prespa (47.4 km²), which lap the shores of the three countries and connect them in this way symbolically.

Prespa is well known for its natural beauty and its high biodiversity with unique characteristics. It hosts more than 1,500 species of plants, 40 species of mammals, 260 of birds, 32 reptiles and amphibians, and 17 species of fish including a number of species found only here.

The mountains are one of the last European homes of brown bears, wolves, chamois and wild boar whilst the lake host breeding colonies of Dalmatian and White Pelicans as well as pygmy cormorants.

In addition, is a place where a unique natural environment coexists with notable Byzantine monuments like churches, monasteries, hermitages and rock paintings dating from the 10th century onwards.

The life of the local people is concentrated in villages around the lakes. The houses are built in a traditional style, out of stone and clay bricks with roofs of straw or stone tiles

The three main traditional occupations in the region are fishing, animal husbandry and a small agricultural community which over the centuries has shaped and preserved a wealth of natural and cultural values that account for the area’s international importance.

Prespa is a place where nature, art and history come together in and around the lakes; there are also villages with hospitable inhabitants, always worth a stop on the way to listen to their stories and the histories of the place.

There are a lot of paths, guiding you into the heart of nature; perhaps up into the high mountains, or to old abandoned villages, which little by little are being returned once more to nature’s embrace.

The mountains surrounding the lakes are often over 2000 m high, and offer marvellous views to the lake blueness and the settlements on the shores. The smell of herbs on the mountain meadows calm the senses, already cleared by the fresh air and the spring waters

The lucky visitor might arrive to a peaceful natural setting with impressive sunsets, that gives the impression of having remained unchanged since time immemorial, unique within Greece in traditions, methods of fishing and producing and preserving food, and a rich cultural heritage.

History
Prespa has always been a place where people and culture have met. Its story has seen the rule of Bulgars, Serbs, Franks, Byzantians and Ottomans, giving the area a rich and interesting cultural heritage.

Prespa has many Byzantine and post-Byzantine monuments. The most famous is certainly the Basilica of Agios Achillios, on the island of same name, built by Samuel, Czar of the Bulgars in the late 10th century. However many other churches are interesting to visit too: the 11th-century church of Agios Germanos with its beautiful frescoes, the restored 15th-century church of Agios Nikolaos on the edge of Pili village, or the church of the Virgin of the Porphyra on the island of Agios Achillios.

After the collapse of the Byzantine Empire in the mid-14th century, came five centuries of Ottoman rule. However, Prespa being so remote, the Turkish presence was relatively light. This period then saw a flourishing Christian presence, with the building of churches, monasteries and hermitages. On the shore of lake Megali Prespa one can find the remains of numerous hermitages, still decorated with impressive frescoes dating up to the 14th century. These are easily accessible by boat, but a bit more difficult is the walk to them. However a lucky trekker will be granted an amazing view over the lake.

The 20th century was incredibly eventful. The Macedonian Struggle and the Balkan wars saw fights for regional identities and the division into tree countries. The First World War brought the occupation by the French army, and the subsequent debacle of the Greek army and forced population exchanges emptied the region of all the Muslims, who had to move to Turkey in exchange for Asia Minor Greeks.

However, the most painful part of the century was the Greek civil war, Prespa being under Communist partisan control. There are still remains of their headquarters and a field hospital to be found in cave. At the end of the war, most of the inhabitants were forced to flee the area. Few ever returned, and some villages disappeared. In the 1950s, the Greek government settled Vlach communities and immigrants from Asia Minor in Prespa. However, like most of the Greek countryside, Prespa suffered strong rural desertification in the 1970s, people leaving for the city or abroad. The population of Prespa has never returned to its pre-war level.

Flora and fauna
Due to the extraordinary beauty of the lakes and the surrounding mountains, the high biodiversity and the rich plant and animal life, in this region three national parks have been declared, one in each of the neighbouring countries. In Greece and Albania have the same name called the National Park Prespa and in North Macedonia the National Park Galichitsa. In 2000 it was declared the trasboundary park Prespa which includes the whole watershed area of the  Prespa Lakes and has a surface of approximately 2000 km².

Prespa is protected under the Ramsar convention as a wetland of international importance and a European Important Bird Area. It is included in Natura 2000, a network of the EU's most precious natural areas.

Prepa contains the largest breeding colony of Dalmatian pelicans in the world, a mixed colony of pelicans and the largest colony of Pygmy cormorants in Europe.

It provides shelter to over 200 species of birds, many of which belong to rare or declining populations within Europe. That´s why Prespa is something of a paradise for bird lovers as it contain so many species reflecting such different habitats in close proximity.

Rare mammal species, endangered throughout Europe, are present, such as the Brown Bear, the Grey Wolf, the European Otter and the Chamois.

The botanists will delight in the many species of orchids to be found here and the endemic species Centaurea Prespana. Explore the beach, oak and juniper forests striding across the open alpine spaces of the mountain tops

Climate
Prespa is a small microclimate found in a mountainous region. The lakes are approximately 850 m above sea level and the higher mountain around the lake are above 2100 m. Generally speaking the climate and biology of the area reflect that of the Balkans rather than Mediterranean that many people expects of Greece. Prespa can be very hot in summer reaching 35 °C in August, however it have cool nights. In winter there will be snow and temperatures can fall lover than -15 °C although generally will be around -5 °C.

Get in
The closest city to Prespa is Florina.

By air
Thessaloniki airport is the nearest international airport and is approximately 3 hours drive east of Prespa.

By train
There is a train service from Thessaloniki, which will take you as far as Florina, one hour's drive from Prespa. For schedules and prices contact the train company OSE.

By bus
KTEL runs services twice from Athens to Florina (8 hours). There are also five buses daily from Thessaloniki (3 hours). There is no public transport from Kastoria to Prespa.

The local bus service from Florina runs from Florina to Prespa M W F at 07:00 and 15:00, and from Prespa to Florina M W F at 08:30 and 16:30pm.

Get around
The municipality of Prespa includes 15 villages, each village has between 1 and 200 inhabitants. The distance between the villages is quite large: there is not local public transport between them, only to Florina, the closest city, a distance of 50 km. Most of the villages have a local shop with a small selection of goods and also a traditional coffee bar (mostly visited just by men). There are a number of hotels, tavernas and bars in the municipality although these are spread over quite a large area. Other facilities include a couple of supermarkets and petrol stations accessible by car.

Historically the villages split into those of Upper Prespa (Psarades, Vrondero, Pili and Agios Achilios and Lower Prespa (Agios Germanos, Laimos, Plati, Kallithea, Lefkona, Karies, Oxia and MIkrolimni).

At the furthest end of Prespa is Vrondero, the only village in Prespa without a view of the lake.

See
Ruins of abandoned villages

The ruins of abandoned villages are a good opportunity for visitors to walk and discover the lesser-known and more peaceful places in Prespa, hidden in the mountains.

The easiest to reach is Daseri, near Pili. The only remains are the wall of the school and the stone bases of the houses.

In Agathoto you can find the remains of a small church, hidden behind rocks and trees.

Almost nothing remains of the Latsista settlement, situated amongst the small hills behind Mikrolimni. It is an ideal place for bird watching, due to the wetlands found there.

Krania, where only a few houses remain, is situated a few kilometres further on. On the way there you can enjoy a unique view of the lake.

Sfika, in the mountains above Oxia was once quite a large village as can be seen from the size of the church, where only one fresco remains. The church is hidden in the forest and it is a delightful surprise to discover it so far from any inhabited area.

Churches

Most of the churches, basilicas and monasteries found in Prespa correspond to Byzantine and post-Byzantine styles. Even though some churches are not open to the public, you can still admire their external architecture.

 * Church of Agios Germanos (11th c.)
 *  Church of Agios Athanasios (end of the 18th c.) Both are in the village of Agios Germanos. They are known especially for their well-preserved frescoes.
 * Basilica of Agios Achilleios (976-1014 AD) On the island of Agios Achilleios in the Small Prespa lake. It is an example of the survival of Early Christian architectural style in the Byzantine period.
 * Ruins of the Church of the 12 Apostles (11th c.- 12th c), Church of Agios Georgios (end of the 15th c.), Church of Agios Dimitrios, ruined Monastery of Panagia Porphyra (mid-16th c.) - All on the island of Agios Achilleios.
 * Frescoes: can be found in Prespa either inside churches and hermitages or on the cliffs near the hermitages. These last ones can easily be seen during a boat trip on Great Prespa Lake, which can be arranged in the village of Psarades.
 * Hermitage of Panagia Eleousa (beginning of the 15th c.) It is the largest hermitage, which housed the largest number of monks. Frescoes in its interior are a particular example of the painting produced in this corner of the Great Prespa Lake.
 * Hermitage of the Metamorphosis (13th c.) Leaving Psarades in a boat for the hermitage of Panagia Eleousa, there is a small stretch of shore with a bay where the hermitage of the Metamorphosis stands, protected by the rocks.
 * Hermitage of the Mikri Analipsis (15th c.) The second hermitage along the lakeshore after the frescoes on the rocks is that of the Mikri Analipsis. It is high up in a small cavity in the rock and it is difficult to approach.
 * Museum of fossils and coins in Vrondero Ask in the restaurant-bar of the village to visit the museum. Ioannis Nonas founded this museum in April 2005. There is a large collection of fossils that were found in the surrounding area, as well as a collection of old coins and stamps.
 * Exhibition of old Prespa artefacts and tools in Plati In the hotel Platithea in the village of Plati, where the owner of the hotel has gathered many old artefacts from the region. There are artefacts from the two world wars and various objects used in everyday life

Eat
The rich land provides excellent quality of fruit and vegetables, which local people prepare using old recipes. The two main products in the area are peppers and beans. The peppers of the shore of Prespa, are rich flesh and taste and the residents of the area really understand a little secret about peppers: red, green, yellow, blazing and aromatic; they need to be roasted or fried to truly reveal their sumptuous flavour.

All over the Greek Prespa area people grow beans on fields and in the back garden. Smalls beans “plake” and big beans “gigantes” are the two kinds. The bean soup “fasolada” as well as the baked gigant beans “gigantes sto founo” are skillfully prepared here.

Very often the table is enriched with various types of fish from the lakes, cooked in different styles, depending on the type and season.

The taste of the Prespa carp and the small, tasty fish called "tsironi" is a unique experience, especially because these fish are endemic forms and can only be found here.

Drink
The traditional cuisine would not be completed without the presence of the traditional drop. There is hardly a household in the region without a barrel full of wine and “tsipouro”, distilled according to old recipes. Very often anis, mastika, peppermint or other herbs are added to the spirit, contributing not only to the aroma of the drink, but also to its healing powers, of course if drunk in reasonable amounts.

Go next

 * Prespa (North Macedonia), to the north in North Macedonia
 * Pustec, containing Albania's share of Great Prespa Lake

title: Prespa (Greece)


text:
Presque Isle

Presque Isle is a city in the Aroostook region of Maine.

title: Presque Isle


text:
Prestatyn

Prestatyn is a town in Denbighshire, on the north coast of Wales. It is the most easterly of the holiday resorts on the north Wales coast, and so is convenient for day trips from the cities of Liverpool and Manchester in north-west England.

By train
Prestatyn Railway Station is situated on the Holyhead Branch of the West Coast Mainline. Direct services to and from London Euston are provided by Avanti West Coast, with Arriva Trains Wales operating frequent trains to and from Chester, Crewe, Manchester, Birmingham and across North Wales. Arriva also provides services every day to and from Cardiff and South Wales via Shrewsbury and Hereford.

By bus
Local Bus services are provided by ARRIVA Cymru.

National Express operates a number of coach services to and from Prestatyn Bus Station, which connect with its vast UK wide network.

By car
Prestatyn is on the A548 Chester to Llanrwst road. It is also just 10 minutes' drive from the A55 Expressway which runs the length of the North Wales coastline.

Get around
Prestatyn Town Centre is relatively small with everything within walking distance.

Long-Distance Walking

 * Other trails starting and/or finishing in the town are the North Wales Path, Clwydian Way and Dee Way.
 * Other trails starting and/or finishing in the town are the North Wales Path, Clwydian Way and Dee Way.

Go next

 * Rhyl
 * Chester
 * Llandudno

title: Prestatyn


text:
Preston

Preston is a city in the county of Lancashire in North West England, with a population in 2021 of 148,000. It's a former textile and engineering town; it still makes aircraft, hosts the county local government, and has a university. It became a "city" in 2002 but this is purely ceremonial.

Understand
Preston stands at a crossing point over the River Ribble on the main route up the west coast towards Scotland. The Ribble valley together with Yorkshire's River Aire creates the "Aire Gap" where the Pennines can be crossed at low altitude, so there was an east-west route also. "Preston" means "priest town": the church held extensive tracts of land hereabouts. The land near town is fertile and lowland, well-suited to dairy farming.

There is a plausible legend that William Shakespeare was in a theatre troupe that toured this area, brandishing their wooden swords at Hoghton Tower and Old Rufford Hall. Preston's position meant that several real armies marched through, and two battles were fought here. It has street names such as Fishergate and Friargate but was never a walled city, "gate" simply meant a street. It remained a small market town until the 19th century then grew rapidly with the cotton trade. That brought wealth to a few but when Karl Marx declared in 1854 that “Our St Petersburg is at Preston!” he wasn't paying a compliment to the civic architecture, but envisaging the mass uprising of the working classes. Yet Preston sucked in labour from Ireland and Glasgow, which had even worse working and living conditions, and as well as cotton it was a metal-bashing town. Leyland a few miles south turned the metal into buses and trucks, while aircraft were made at Wharton and Samlesbury. The town already had Preston North End as its football team, but in 1917 munitions workers at Dick, Kerr & Co formed another team, which proved more successful and popular. The Football Association were horrified and banned them, since Dick Kerr were women; yet they battled on until 1965.

The town slumped in the late 20th century when textile and heavy engineering work was lost abroad, and the docks couldn't be upgraded for larger shipping. However the aircraft industry continued, as did the county administration (although large sections of Lancashire were lost to other counties in 1974, and Lancaster remains the ceremonial county town). The major gain was in university status for the former polytechnic, now UCLAN, creating employment and a student buzz about the place.

Famous people from Preston include Sir Richard Arkwright (1732-92) inventor of the spinning frame, Andrew "Freddie" Flintoff (b 1977) the cricketer, Glubb Pasha (1897-1986) commander of the Jordanian Arab Legion, Robert W Service (1874-1954) poet of stirring ballads set in the Yukon, Edward Harris (1804-1877) lawyer and founder of the Harris Institute, and Nick Park (b 1958) creator of "Wallace and Gromit".

By plane
Manchester Airport is usually the best choice for its wide range of flights at competitive fares, and good onward transport, see below.

Liverpool has flights across Europe, otherwise consider Birmingham  and the London airports.

Preston itself has an aerospace industry so any large commercial aircraft skimming low on finals over the town is bringing company suits to BAE Wharton or Samlesbury. Blackpool Squires Gate remains in business but has no scheduled flights.

By train
Avanti West Coast has 1 train per hour from London Euston to Preston taking 2 hours and 10 minutes via Warrington and Wigan. These continue north via Lancaster, Penrith and Carlisle to Glasgow Central, another 2 hr 20 min.

There are slower Avanti West Coast trains from Euston, taking 3 hours and overtaken by the Glasgow service, running hourly through the Midlands via Milton Keynes, Coventry, Birmingham International and New Street, Wolverhampton,  Crewe, Warrington and Wigan. From Preston, they either head to Blackpool North or north to Lancaster, Oxenholme (for Kendal and the Lake District), Carlisle and Edinburgh.

Trains from Manchester Airport and Manchester Piccadilly run every 15 min, taking 50 min via Bolton to Preston, then diverging towards Blackpool, Barrow-in-Furness, Glasgow or Edinburgh.

There are hourly connections from Liverpool via St Helens and Wigan, from York via Leeds, Bradford,  Halifax, Burnley and Accrington, and from Leeds via Salford. There are two routes from Blackpool: from North of the main station every 15 min via Poulton-le-Fylde and Kirkham, and from South near Pleasure Beach every hour or two via St Anne's, Lytham and Kirkham.

The Caledonian Highland Sleeper rumbles through Preston shortly after midnight from Euston to Aberdeen, Inverness and Fort William. The southbound return train drops off around 4:30AM. You can't use this service or the Lowland Sleeper for Edinburgh or Glasgow — take a day-time train.

Plusbus tickets are available.

Coaches
Megabus has the most convenient coach from London Victoria via Birmingham and Manchester Airport and the city centre. They run daily at 8AM, taking six hours for a fare of £16. It continues north to Lancaster and Glasgow.

National Express runs nightly coaches from London Victoria to Birmingham (NX400 for Wolverhampton), where you change for the bus via Manchester Airport and city centre to Preston (NX181 for Lancaster, Carlisle, Hamilton and Glasgow). You arrive around 2:30AM, seven hours altogether for a single fare in 2022 of £30.

Local buses
Stagecoach is the main regional bus operator. Bus X2 runs hourly from Liverpool via Southport, Tarleton and Penwortham.

 * Bus 59 runs every 20 min from Blackburn via Mellor Brook, taking 35 min.
 * Bus 61 runs every 20 min from Blackpool via Kirkham, taking an hour.
 * Bus 125 runs every 20 min from Bolton via Horwich, Chorley and Bamber Bridge, taking 90 min.
 * Bus 40 runs every 30 min from Morecambe via Lancaster town and university, Galgate, Garstang and Bilsborrow.

By road
From north or south use M6. From east of the country (eg Leeds) A65 / A59 is a scenic route across the Pennines via Skipton, but congested on summer weekends. You're quicker taking M62 to Manchester then M61.

From the coast around Blackpool use M55 for north end of town or to bypass it. Use A583 through Kirkham for the centre and south. A western bypass or link road between these two routes is due to open in 2023.

Preston was bypassed by Britain's first motorway M6, opened in Dec 1958 a year ahead of the first section of M1. Its original two lanes were later expanded to three then four, while the route extended from M1 in the Midlands via Cheshire to Preston, Carlisle and Glasgow, with spurs to Blackpool (M55) and Colne Valley (M65).

There are two Park & Ride sites: Portway near the docks, and Walton-le-Dale south of the river. For details see Preston Bus.

Get around
Stagecoach operate the out-of-town buses and Preston Bus operate routes in town.

Some you might use are 12, 43 and 100 between the bus and railway stations, and 19, 49 and 6 to Preston North End.

Taxi operators include All Preston Taxis (+44 1772 367660), Preston City Taxis (+44 1772 217217), Millers (+44 1772 884000), AAA (+44 1772 555444), and Eagle (+44 1772 200300). Uber also operate here.

Car hire is available from Enterprise, County Rental, Thrifty and several others.

See

 * The Cenotaph is centrepiece of Market Square west side of the Harris. A block north are the Market Halls.
 * Preston Minster (aka St John the Evangelist) is central, on Church St. It's Anglican, a confident piece of Gothic completed in 1855.
 * Winckley Square 200 yards east of the railway station is a rare survival in town of Georgian / Regency style. It was built in 1801 as upmarket townhouses but is nowadays mostly offices. The gardens are a public park.
 * Avenham and Miller Parks south of Winckley Square are bosky green spaces where the river carves a natural amphitheatre.
 * St Walburge is an RC church on Weston Street, half a mile north of the railway station, and you'll see its 309-ft (94-m) spire from afar. It was opened in 1854, a product of Catholic emancipation, textile wealth and Gothic Revival design. Its architect Joseph Hansom was the fellow who created the hansom cab. The church is now in the keeping of a traditionalist society who celebrate the Tridentine Mass - the 16th century Latin form, the better to keep Preston free of modern depravity. Walburga herself (710-777 AD) was a Wessex noblewoman who became a nun in Wimborne then abbess of a Germany monastery.
 * PR1 Gallery is in the Victoria Building on the UCLAN campus. It has rotating exhibitions and is open weekdays, free.
 * The Birley is an artists' studio with rotating exhibitions. It's on Birley St 100 yards north of the Harris.
 * Wallace and Gromit pose in a scene from "The Wrong Trousers" outside Market Hall at the top of Earl St, 100 yards north of the Harris. Their creator Nick Park was born and grew up in Preston, and conferred the town name's upon the sinister sheepdog in "A Close Shave".
 * Wallace and Gromit pose in a scene from "The Wrong Trousers" outside Market Hall at the top of Earl St, 100 yards north of the Harris. Their creator Nick Park was born and grew up in Preston, and conferred the town name's upon the sinister sheepdog in "A Close Shave".
 * Preston Dock is an artificial basin created in 1892, to enable berthing at all tides. The docks flourished with the textile trade in the 19th century but were always hampered by the shallow River Ribble: ships grew bigger faster than the navigable channel could be enlarged. There was a late heyday as a banana port 1950-1970, when purpose-built Geest boats plied from the West Indies, and what had been a tropical delicacy became a budget staple of the British diet. But their replacement boats were too large, the docks couldn't be adapted for containers, and the Ulster ferry relocated to Stranraer. The docks closed in 1981 and have been turned into a marina. There's little historic remaining except the dockland railway, above.
 * is a 16th-century house and inn in Broughton. It's closed ufn.
 * Leyland also has St Andrew's Church half a mile south; the chancel is from 14th century. Adjacent is South Ribble Museum in a 16th century schoolhouse, but closed ufn. Worden Park south again has the remain of its old hall, with the cafe in a folly.
 * : see Blackburn for this 14th century house on A59 six miles east of Preston.
 * : see Chorley for this 16th century fortified manor.
 * : see Ormskirk for this Tudor-Jacobean manor.
 * has a well-preserved old village centre and attractive stretch of the canal. Greenhalgh Castle a mile east is the sorry stump of a 15th-century redoubt. Garstang Agricultural Show is held early August.
 * : see Chorley for this 16th century fortified manor.
 * : see Ormskirk for this Tudor-Jacobean manor.
 * has a well-preserved old village centre and attractive stretch of the canal. Greenhalgh Castle a mile east is the sorry stump of a 15th-century redoubt. Garstang Agricultural Show is held early August.

Do

 * What's on? Read Lancashire Evening Post.
 * Watch football at
 * Moor Park is the mile-wide park west of the football stadium, with dozens of playing pitches.
 * Rugby: Preston Grasshoppers play rugby union in the North Premier League, England's fifth tier. Their home ground is on Lightfoot Green Lane north edge of town. Rugby League isn't played hereabouts, head south for the likes of Wigan and St Helens.
 * Theatre: The Playhouse is on Market St West.
 * Preston Opera use various venues.
 * Guildhall is a multi-purpose events venue 100 yards west of the bus station. The library is re-housed here until the Harris reopens.
 * Blitz is a live music venue on Church Row 100 yards north of the Minster.
 * Cinemas are the Odeon in dockland, and Vue on London Road just south of the river bridge. Uclan and Light independent cinemas in town centre remain closed in 2022.
 * Lancaster Canal starts in Preston and winds its way north through Garstang, Lancaster and Carnforth then is curtailed by the M6 at Tewitfield. It has a good towpath and is navigable throughout. There are no locks, as it detours west to avoid Longridge and sweeps over the Lune Valley by an impressive Georgian aqueduct. There are spurs to the Ribble estuary at Lytham and to the Lune estuary at Glasson Dock, but no connection to the national canal network — goods were hauled across the Ribble valley at Preston by a horse-drawn tramway. The canal south of there has been lost under modern building except for a very short section at the junction with the Leeds-Liverpool Canal.
 * Battle of Preston is a suggested walking trail, but it's through modern areas with little more than street names to recall events of 1715. It was the last act of the Jacobite "Old Pretender's" campaign for the crown, a siege followed by fierce street fighting. The Hanoverian troops sustained the worse losses but the Jacobites were captured, and put to death or transported to America. In 1745 the "Young Pretender" tried again, advancing then retreating through Preston without battle. Similarly nothing but street names mark the battle of 1648 at Ribbleton, when Cromwell surprised and trounced the Royalists.
 * Trace your ancestors at Lancashire Archives and County Record Office. They're at Bow Lane, west side of the railway station, and open Tu-F 9:30AM-5PM.
 * Golf: lots of courses nearby. Preston GC is in Fulwood. Further north are Inskip, Myerscough, Goosnargh, Longridge and Garstang (by Best Western, see Sleep). Ashton & Lea is west of town. South of the river are Penwortham and Leyland.
 * is only 873 ft / 266 m high but rises prominently from the lowlands. It's a pleasant country park. Use OS Landranger Map 102 for trails here and on the Pennines rising sharply a couple of miles northeast: Parlick, Fair Snape (1706 ft, 510 m) and Hazlehurst.
 * Lancashire Fringe Festival is held in late April and early May. Performances are free, donations welcome.
 * Preston Guild is a series of civic events held every 20 years, so it's a Lancashire byword for rarity, like "once in a blue moon". The next guild is in 2032.
 * Lancashire Fringe Festival is held in late April and early May. Performances are free, donations welcome.
 * Preston Guild is a series of civic events held every 20 years, so it's a Lancashire byword for rarity, like "once in a blue moon". The next guild is in 2032.

Learn
Preston is the main campus of the University of Central Lancashire (UCLAN), with 25,000 students in 2020. It started out as the Institution for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge in 1828. This evolved into Harris Art College, then Preston Polytechnic, then Lancashire Polytechnic, and became a university in 1992. Its other campuses are in Burnley, Westlakes near Whitehaven in Cumbria, and Pyla in Cyprus.

Buy

 * St George's Centre is the largest and most central, occupying the block between Fishergate and Friargate.
 * Fishergate Shopping Centre is further west down that street, next to the railway station.
 * Miller Arcade is a Victorian arcade south side of the Harris.
 * St John's Shopping Centre is west side of the bus station.

Eat

 * Local specialities include Lancashire cheese, Goosnargh cake and butter pie. This last was also known as Friday Pie or Catholic Pie, as it's made of potatoes, onions and butter and therefore free of meat. It's made and sold in many places, and in Wigan it serves as the vegetarian option in the World Pie-eating Championships. It was traditional half-time fare at Preston North End games, whereas other clubs' fans ate pork pies: in 2007 the supplier folded, and there was an outcry from PNE fans until a new supply was established.
 * KFC arrived in Britain in 1965, a decade ahead of other chains, and their first branch on Fishergate is still in business (open daily 11AM-10PM). Its founder Harry Latham worked with the original Colonel Sanders in the US, and went on to direct KFC's UK expansion. Late at night after KFC and the pubs closed, the life-sized cut-outs of the Colonel were wont to appear at bus stops across town.
 * Fishergate into Church St is the main strip, with Bistro Pierre, Theatre St Bar & Grill, Kimji Korean, Florianas, Turtle Bay, Angelo's and East Z East.
 * Friargate northwest has Fino Tapas, Azuma, Greekouzina, and Coco's Soul Food.
 * Towards dockland are Taboosh, Umberto's and Maharani.

Drink

 * "At Lancashire Pricks Trial, just past, a walnut from Bacup came last."
 * "Twere a good 'un from Wigan, twere really a big 'un, but best 'un, from Preston, were vast."
 * - Further evidence, as if any were needed, of Shakespeare's connection to this area

 * Fishergate into Church St has The Old Vic, Hartley's Wine Bar, Kuckoo, Winckley Street Ale House, Niko, All Hopes No Promises, Wings & Beer, Wellington Inn, Detroit Preston, Strato's, Yates, Baluga Bar, Hogarth's, Twelve Tellers (below), Barney's and The Blue Bell.
 * Lancaster Rd north past the Harris has Stanley Arms (below), Smashed, Review, Guild Ale House, Golden Cross and Black-a-Moor Head.
 * Friargate northeast has Black Horse (below), Old Black Bull, The Grey Friar, Dog & Partridge, Plau Gin & Beer House and Roper Hall.
 * Towards dockland are The Wellington and The Ribble Pilot, below.
 * Breweries are Priest Town Brewing in Ribbleton, and Budweiser at Samlesbury.
 * Distilleries, mostly producing gin, are No 1 Fairham Gin in town, Brindle towards Chorley, Stable Yard towards Kirkham, Ribble Valley at Longridge, and Goosnargh Gin and Wild Fox both in Goosnargh.
 * Water in Preston is soft and pure from upland sources - suitable for cotton processing, whereas hard Yorkshire water will do for wool but not cotton. So raise a glass of it to Joseph Livesey (1794-1884), cheesemonger, publisher, social reformer and founder in 1833 of the Temperance movement in Britain. They advocated abstinence from all alcohol except medicinal use — a handy get-out, secretly toasted by many who never entered a pub. One of his stuttering disciples emphasised that one should abstain "tee- tee- totally!" hence Teetotalism.
 * Breweries are Priest Town Brewing in Ribbleton, and Budweiser at Samlesbury.
 * Distilleries, mostly producing gin, are No 1 Fairham Gin in town, Brindle towards Chorley, Stable Yard towards Kirkham, Ribble Valley at Longridge, and Goosnargh Gin and Wild Fox both in Goosnargh.
 * Water in Preston is soft and pure from upland sources - suitable for cotton processing, whereas hard Yorkshire water will do for wool but not cotton. So raise a glass of it to Joseph Livesey (1794-1884), cheesemonger, publisher, social reformer and founder in 1833 of the Temperance movement in Britain. They advocated abstinence from all alcohol except medicinal use — a handy get-out, secretly toasted by many who never entered a pub. One of his stuttering disciples emphasised that one should abstain "tee- tee- totally!" hence Teetotalism.
 * Water in Preston is soft and pure from upland sources - suitable for cotton processing, whereas hard Yorkshire water will do for wool but not cotton. So raise a glass of it to Joseph Livesey (1794-1884), cheesemonger, publisher, social reformer and founder in 1833 of the Temperance movement in Britain. They advocated abstinence from all alcohol except medicinal use — a handy get-out, secretly toasted by many who never entered a pub. One of his stuttering disciples emphasised that one should abstain "tee- tee- totally!" hence Teetotalism.

Further out

 * Ibis Preston North is a value-for-money place at Junction 1 of M55.
 * Ibis Preston North is a value-for-money place at Junction 1 of M55.
 * Ibis Preston North is a value-for-money place at Junction 1 of M55.

Stay safe
Preston is relatively safe, just apply the usual care with traffic, safeguarding valuables, and avoiding anti-social drunks.

Call the police on 101 for non-emergencies. The emergency number for all services is 999 or 112.

The nearest Accident & Emergency Dept is at the Royal Preston Hospital on Sharoe Green Lane Fulwood, three miles north of town centre.

Connect
As of April 2022, Preston has 5G from EE and Three, and 4G from O2 and Vodafone. Wifi is widely available in public places.

Go next

 * Blackpool is the raucous beach resort that would love to think of itself as a den of iniquity.
 * Lytham St Annes is its genteel neighbour, with sand dunes and a promenade green.
 * Lancaster has an interesting old quarter around its castle.
 * Blackburn is an old textile town at the edge of the industrial East Lancs valleys.
 * Clitheroe is where you break free of industry and burbs into the scenic Pennine uplands.

title: Preston


text:
Preston (disambiguation)

There's more than one place called Preston:

United Kingdom

 * Preston - a city in Lancashire, in North West (England)

United States of America

 * Preston County - in West Virginia
 * Preston - in Connecticut

title: Preston (disambiguation)


text:
Prestwick

Prestwick is a town in Ayrshire on the Clyde coast of Scotland, with a population of 14,880 in 2020. It became a beach and golf resort in Victorian times, but is best known for its airport.

Understand
The airport was built in 1930 when transatlantic flights became routine, but were still at the limit of aviation, especially westbound against the headwinds. For the next 50 years the airport was a major gateway for military flights, and then for civilian passenger and cargo flights as these expanded post-war. Around it grew a sprawl of related services and industries. Prestwick acted as a rest and re-fueling point on the "Great Circle", the shortest route between Europe and North America via Greenland, and it was seldom foggy. When the rest of Britain and Ireland were socked in by bad weather, Prestwick's big runway was the last hope for transatlantic aircraft. One that didn't make it was a USAAF flight in 1944 that crashed into the town, killing all 20 on board and five on the ground.

The airport lost much of its commercial role in the 1980s when the next generation of aircraft had greater range, so Europe even to Los Angeles non-stop became practical. Those aircraft also had better instrumentation and bad-weather capability, so they weren't disrupted by fog over London. However Prestwick continues to be a major base for aviation services, Atlantic air traffic control, sea-rescue helicopters, air cargo and military flights. That was how it came to be the only place in Britain where Elvis Presley ever set foot (at least in his earthly form), as he returned home in 1960 from US Air Force service in Germany. Foreign VIPs sometimes arrive here for the same reason (plus it's handy for Donald Trump's golf resort at Turnberry), and that big runway means there are proposals for Prestwick to become Europe’s “space port”. This is expected to come into operation about the same time that Elvis next turns up for open-mike night in an Ayrshire pub.

By plane

 * Glasgow Airport  is some 30 miles north but is almost always the best airport for reaching Prestwick and the county of Ayrshire, because of its range of UK, European and long-haul destinations. Take the airport bus to Glasgow Buchanan bus station, then bus or train south towards Ayr as described below.

 * Ground transport from PIK: Prestwick town is close enough to walk. Buses and trains between Glasgow and Ayr call at the airport, see below. By train, you get half-price on the standard fare (for Glasgow about £9 single, £10 return, so you save £5) by showing your flight confirmation. You can't do this online or at a ticket machine, so buy from a ticket office (eg at Glasgow Central), or from the train conductor if there isn't a ticket office (which includes PIK itself).

By train
Trains run from Glasgow Central via Paisley, Kilwinning, Irvine and Troon to Prestwick Airport, Prestwick Town, Newton-on-Ayr and  Ayr. There are four an hour M-Sa but it feels like only two, as a slow train taking 50 min departs just after the faster train taking 40 min; only two per hour on Sunday. The last train is at 11PM. In 2022 an offpeak single is £9.40 — the half-price deal for tickets to and from the airport isn't available for Prestwick Town. Change at Ayr for Kilmarnock, Girvan, Stranraer, and the bus to Cairnryan and Belfast. Change at Kilwinning for Ardrossan (for ferry to Arran), West Kilbride and Largs (for ferry to Great Cumbrae).

is north side of town. It has a staffed ticket office and machines, toilets and a waiting room. There is level access to Platform 2 (southbound to Ayr) and a steep ramp to Platform 1 (northbound to Glasgow).

Prestwick Airport station is just a platform halt with no ticket office, machines or anything else, but you can use the airport facilities. There is access by lift to both platforms.

By bus
Stagecoach West Bus X77 runs from Glasgow Buchanan station to Prestwick airport (45 min), Prestwick town and Ayr. It runs every 30 min M-Sa, hourly Su, from 7AM to 11PM.

Bus 4 trundles every 30 min from Glasgow via Giffnock, Fenwick and Kilmarnock to Prestwick and Ayr. It takes almost two hours so only use it for local journeys.

Bus 14 runs every 45 min from Irvine to Troon, Prestwick town and Ayr.

Bus 585 runs down the coast from Largs every 30 min via Fairlie, West Kilbride, Ardrossan, Saltcoats and Stevenston to Prestwick airport, Prestwick town and Ayr.

By car
Prestwick is just off the M77/A77 Glasgow to Stranraer road and the A78 Ayrshire coastal road.

Get around
It's easy to walk around town and its limited amusements, and even to the airport if you're not too laden. See above for Buses 4, 14 and 585 along the coast main road.

Taxi operators are Streamline (+44 1292 261010) and Prestwick (+44 330 001 0967) — neither are reliable. They were hoping you were a big party of Americans taking a cab to Trump Turnberry or better still to St Andrews, not a shopping trip to Irvine. See Ayr for more operators there.

See

 * St Nicholas Old Kirk was a 12th-century outpost of Paisley Abbey, now a ruin near the railway station. The modern St Nicholas church is a quarter mile south.
 * is an Episcopal church, opened in 1926 over the site of a makeshift chapel-cabin for First World War troops stationed locally. Adjacent is Bruce's Well: Robert the Bruce was supposedly cured of leprosy by sploshing in its waters circa 1300. That shouldn't have taken long, as he never did have leprosy or any other destructive skin condition, according to the forensic reconstructions that became possible in the 21st century. A similar miracle cure is needed for the well itself, which has became shabby.
 * is a 50-foot tower built some time before 1775, probably so the laird could watch falconry over the nearby wetlands, now drained. It's described as a "folly" but overlooks the airport so inevitably the story goes that it was an early ATC control tower, maybe for the 1691 Flight of the Wild Geese? It's unsafe to enter so it's fenced off and the doorway is bricked up.
 * can be seen from the farm track that bridges A77 near the Premier Inn. It was built around 1750 as a family mausoleum, promptly collapsed, was rebuilt, collapsed again, and not until 2001 was a reliable brickie hired. Macrae had got stinking rich in Madras, now Chennai, and built Orangefield Hall nearby. Its fate was to become the terminal and control tower of the airport in 1943, then it was demolished in the 1960s.

Do

 * Open Links of Ayrshire is a combi-package with Prestwick Old Course, Trump Turnberry north of Girvan and Royal Troon. Reckon £2000 for a couple playing all three, plus accommodation and meals at Turnberry. You can't book this online, call +44 1655 333 991 or email reservations@trumpturnberry.com.
 * Prestwick has two other courses suited to the budgets of mere mortals, and there are several more in nearby Troon and Ayr.
 * Prestwick has two other courses suited to the budgets of mere mortals, and there are several more in nearby Troon and Ayr.

 * Festival of Flight (successor to the Scottish Airshow) is held in September, but while aircraft and support teams will base here, the viewing area and ground exhibitions are in Ayr.
 * Festival of Flight (successor to the Scottish Airshow) is held in September, but while aircraft and support teams will base here, the viewing area and ground exhibitions are in Ayr.
 * Festival of Flight (successor to the Scottish Airshow) is held in September, but while aircraft and support teams will base here, the viewing area and ground exhibitions are in Ayr.

Buy

 * Heathfield retail park at the south edge of town has ASDA and other major stores.

Eat

 * A strip of cheap eats along Monkton Rd and Main Street includes Mamma Mia, Spice Cube, Lido, Scruffy Duffy's, and Vito's.

Drink

 * Other Main Street pubs are Smugglers, Red Lion, Caprice and the Golf Inn.
 * Other Main Street pubs are Smugglers, Red Lion, Caprice and the Golf Inn.

Connect
Prestwick town, airport and approach roads have 4G from all UK carriers. As of July 2022, there is 5G from EE and Three but it's patchy.

Go next

 * Head to Ayr for the Robert Burns Heritage Park at Alloway, 3 miles south of town.
 * Ardrossan has ferries to the charming island of Arran.
 * Ferries to Cumbrae sail from Largs, and to Bute from Wemyss Bay.

title: Prestwick


text:
Pretoria

Pretoria, the administrative capital of South Africa, is in Gauteng. Its wide avenues are lined with purple-flowered jacaranda trees and stately architecture. The city has many museums and art galleries, and a large student population that gives its centre a boisterous atmosphere.

Understand
Pretoria is part of City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality.

History
The area known today as Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality, with Pretoria (City) at its centre, is believed to have been occupied by the Sotho people for many centuries. During the 15th century the Ndebele people also migrated into the area and settled along the banks of the Apies River. Tshwane [tsʰwane] is the Setswana name of the Apies River. Around 1820 the Matabele under the leadership of Mzilikaza also entered the region, leading to local conflicts between the Matabele newcomers and the already established Sotho and Ndebele tribes as well as the European "Voortrekkers" who were steadily moving northward through the country. These conflicts came to an end when the Matabele were defeated by the "Voortrekkers" in 1837 at Mosega.

By 1855 there was no known tribe in what is known as the Pretoria area today. Only nomadic groups passed through this area, with one of the Setswana people (so it is alleged) led them. Pretoria was founded in 1855. The first capital of the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek (South African Republic) was Ohrigstad, but the capital was moved to Pretoria. After the Second Boer War, the ZAR become Transvaal province, and Pretoria its capital. The city was named after Andries Pretorius, the Boer leader at the Battle of Blood River where the Voortrekkers defeated the Zulus under King Dingaan. In 1856 the area today known as Arcadia was acquired in exchange for a pony and added to the town.

In 1899, during the Second Boer War, Winston Churchill was captured and held as a POW in Pretoria until his eventual escape to Mozambique. British forces captured Pretoria in 1900 and held control over the city until the signing of the Treaty of Vereeniging in 1902.

When the Union of South Africa was established in 1910, Pretoria was elected the capital and is still the administrative capital of the Republic of South Africa today.

Climate
Pretoria is located in a summer rainfall area with hot days regularly followed by short and intense afternoon thunderstorms. The thunderstorms are often accompanied by lightning and occasionally result in hail. Summer temperatures range between 16°C at night to 30°C during the day, with occasionally higher temperatures (up to about 36°C). Winters are mild and dry with temperatures averaging between a minimum of 5°C and a maximum of 20°C. Winter nights and (occasionally winter days) can be surprisingly cold and buildings are generally not well insulated. Bring warm clothes if you're visiting during the winter months.

By car
Five highways join in the Gauteng region, making it accessible from all cities in the country. This would include the N1, N3, N4, N12 and N14 national highways.

Most National Routes (N) are toll roads. Open road tolling (e-toll) is available on the freeways around Johannesburg and Pretoria.

By plane
The closest international airport is O.R. Tambo International Airport in Johannesburg. The Albertina Sisulu Highway or R21 leads from there to Pretoria. Airport shuttles are available on the airport or can be booked:

By bus

 * Major bus companies like Apm, Citiliner, Greyhound, Translux, City to City, Intercape Mainliner offer connections to all big cities in South Africa.
 * there are also lots of bus lines that have buses to Zimbabwe.
 * Citiliner fare to Bulawayo is R410. The trip takes 15 hours.
 * Apm bus lines have a bus from Pretoria to Capetown every day at 16:00 with a fare of R450.
 * Intercape has a sleepliner bus from Pretoria to Knysna every day at 14:00 with a fare of R569.
 * Citiliner has a bus going to Mbombela every day at 09:00 with a fare of R200. The trip takes 6 hours.
 * Citiliner has a bus going to Kimberley every day at 09:45 with a fare of R275. The trip takes 8 hours.
 * Apm has a bus going to Durban every day at 10:30 with a fare of R220. The trip takes 9 hours.
 * The Baz Bus also stops in Pretoria.

By train
A convenient high-speed rail link, Gautrain, is available between Johannesburg, OR Tambo International Airport and Pretoria. Travellers can access this direct link from the arrivals hall in the airport building. Safe, comfortable Gautrain buses serve local routes from the different stops in Pretoria. The fare from International airport to pretoria is R164. There are frequent commuter trains from Johannesburg which cost R16.50 one way. Metrorail also services other outlying towns and many suburbs of Pretoria.

Long-distance trains from other parts of South Africa generally arrive in Johannesburg, however trains from Musina via Polokwane and from Komatipoort via Nelspruit call in Pretoria.

Get around
Although crime in South Africa is higher than in many other parts of the world, common sense precautions should prevent incidents. Be especially aware of your surroundings after dark and don't travel alone. Main shopping centres are reasonably safe.

Either use a metered taxi, rent a car or use the municipal bus service. There is also a very extensive network of informal, cheap minibus taxis, mostly used by local commuters. These taxis used to have a reputation for being unsafe, but this has greatly improved and most taxis are now relatively luxurious and not overcrowded, except during peak times. Accidents are rare. Ask locals waiting at taxi stops about routes and rates.

Walking is a good option during the day, but may be unsafe after dusk in certain areas, such as central Pretoria.

 * Hendrick Metered taxi and Shuttles, 0826742075, www.hendrickcabs.co.za
 * Uber. Uber is available in Pretoria, but there is a zone surrounding the Gautrain station where pickups and drop-offs are not permitted. The availability of Ubers is not as great as in Johannesburg, so you may encounter difficulties finding one at some of the more distant sights like the Voortrekker Monument.
 * Hendrick Metered taxi and Shuttles, 0826742075, www.hendrickcabs.co.za
 * Uber. Uber is available in Pretoria, but there is a zone surrounding the Gautrain station where pickups and drop-offs are not permitted. The availability of Ubers is not as great as in Johannesburg, so you may encounter difficulties finding one at some of the more distant sights like the Voortrekker Monument.
 * Uber. Uber is available in Pretoria, but there is a zone surrounding the Gautrain station where pickups and drop-offs are not permitted. The availability of Ubers is not as great as in Johannesburg, so you may encounter difficulties finding one at some of the more distant sights like the Voortrekker Monument.
 * Uber. Uber is available in Pretoria, but there is a zone surrounding the Gautrain station where pickups and drop-offs are not permitted. The availability of Ubers is not as great as in Johannesburg, so you may encounter difficulties finding one at some of the more distant sights like the Voortrekker Monument.
 * Uber. Uber is available in Pretoria, but there is a zone surrounding the Gautrain station where pickups and drop-offs are not permitted. The availability of Ubers is not as great as in Johannesburg, so you may encounter difficulties finding one at some of the more distant sights like the Voortrekker Monument.

Experiences

Sports

 * Rugby Union: Bulls play in the United Rugby Championship (formerly Pro14), the multi-national European professional league. The playing season is Oct-March, with home games at Loftus Versfeld Stadium (capacity 52,000) in the Arcadia district. Loftus Versfeld is also home to the Blue Bulls, a developmental side for the URC Bulls that plays in the domestic Currie Cup from January–June.
 * Cricket: Pretoria Capitals play in the southern town of Centurion, where they share the stadium with Titans.

Eat
The renowned restaurants include Cynthia's, the Hillside Tavern and Pachas. There are also many franchised diners throughout the city.

Mid-range

 * Toni's Pizza Toni's is a great place to get the best pizza in town.
 * Panarotti's Panarotti's is a national chain with several Pretoria branches.

Drink

 * Pretoria's nightlife is concentrated in Hatfield (near the university), which boasts a number of bars and night clubs. Menlyn Square (just off the Menlyn shopping centre) is also a popular location which contains several venues but caters for the more upmarket crowd.

Sleep
Being the capital, there are many posh hotels (including the Sheraton) and guest houses and all the usual hotel chains have one or more hotels. With so many hotels owned by the same chains, in particularly Tsogo Sun. Make sure you note the address when booking so you go to the right hotel. When Parliament is in session and when there are other state events it can be almost impossible to find a mid-range or splurge room. Consider nearby Centurion as an alternative if you have to be in Pretoria at those times.

Connect
Complete GSM coverage with GPRS, 3G, 4G, HSDPA and LTE is available almost everywhere.

Buy a local simcard (at airport, railway station, most major chain stores or mobile phone stores) for your overseas mobile phone. You will need your foreign ID or passport for registering your new sim card at the shop. Airtime and data bundles can be bought at most shops and fuel stations.

WiFi
Always-On, +27 (0)11 575-2505, provides prepaid WiFi access in a number of locations in and around Johannesburg. Simply connect to the access point and you will be given the opportunity to pay for access by credit card. Pricing starts at around R15 for 10 minutes or R60 for 100 MB.

Coverage areas include:

Stay safe
Pretoria is considered to be a relatively safe city by South African standards and violent crime against tourists is somewhat rare. That said, basic common sense should still be used. Ask locals before you do things. Life after sunset stops a bit and moves to the big shopping centers outside the city. Avoid walking around after dark, even in a group or at Union Buildings. The city centre becomes deserted after nightfall, so it would not be wise to hang around at these times. The shop owners will close their security blinds to protect their property so there is little to see. Hatfield Plaza and all other major shopping centers are busy with shoppers, students, tourists, police and car minders until approximately 22:00 there is very little chance of any real trouble happening, but it can be annoying and daunting for tourists as the beggars are quite insistent but occurs less in guarded shopping centers. That said, the Hatfield area is usually perfectly safe. Consider that you still have to move from the safe area to your hotel through an unsafe area. In case of trouble, here are important telephone numbers. Be especially vigilant at night by traffic lights and stop signs. Car-jacking and smash and grab thefts do occur.

From a fixed line

 * 107 - Emergency
 * 10111 - Police
 * 10177 - Ambulance
 * 082911 - Netcare911

From a mobile phone

 * 112 - Emergency
 * 911 - Netcare911

Go next

 * Irene is a small town to the south of Pretoria with a day spa and a dairy farm.
 * Mpumalanga Escarpment in a weekend
 * Kruger National Park in a (very long!) weekend
 * Soutpansberg, north, for lonely weekends in nature
 * Cradle of Humankind, with caves to view ancient caves, digging sites and skulls
 * Magaliesberg, a very old mountain range.
 * Rietvlei Nature Reserve, a small and quiet nature reserve with a number of wildlife species and lots of bird watching opportunities.
 * Visit Hartebeespoort Dam. There are hot air balloon rides over the savanna, a cable car, a golf course and watersport. Souvenir shops, shopping, and a snake farm are nearby.

title: Pretoria


text:
Previous Destinations of the month

A Destination of the month is a showcase article for a major travel destination, selected monthly by Wikivoyage's users. See Previously Off the beaten path for more offbeat destinations, Previous Featured travel topics for phrasebooks, itineraries and travel topics, and Destination of the month candidates to nominate and discuss future Destinations of the Month. Previously featured destinations were:

Unofficial Destinations of the Month
Featured on Wikitravel before Wikivoyage was adopted as a Wikimedia project.

2004
ro:Project:Foste destinaţii ale lunii

de:Project:Ziel des Monats es:Project:Destino del mes Bestemmingen van de maand

title: Previous Destinations of the month


text:
Previously Off the beaten path

Off the beaten path is a showcase article about a lesser-known or unusual travel destination, selected monthly by Wikivoyage's users. See Previous Destinations of the month for better-known destinations, Previous Featured travel topics for phrasebooks, itineraries and travel topics, and Wikivoyage:Destination of the month candidates to nominate and discuss future "Off the beaten path" destinations.

Previously featured destinations were:

Previous features
Featured on Wikivoyage.

Unofficial Off the Beaten Path
Featured on Wikitravel before Wikivoyage was adopted as a Wikimedia project.

Honorary
A few previous Destinations of the month might have been chosen for "Off the beaten path" instead, if the feature had existed at the time:

 * March 2006: Yonaguni, Japan
 * November 2005: Falkland Islands
 * September 2004: Perhentian Islands, Malaysia
 * August 2004: Black Rock City, Nevada, United States

Buiten de gebaande paden

title: Previously Off the beaten path


text:
Price (Utah)

Price is a mid-sized town (pop. 9,000) in Northeastern Utah. To the south and east lie the terrifically remote expanses of desert of the San Rafael Swell and Colorado Plateau. Nearby are a few areas of interest.

Get in
Drive southeast from Spanish Fork through Spanish Fork Canyon, over Soldiers Summit, and through Price Canyon, and also coming northwest from an I-70/Hwy 6 junction near Green River all on Highway 6. It can be accessed from I-70 through Emery County on Highway 10 from the south. There is also an Amtrak station in Helper, which is a city just north of Price.

By bus

 * Salt Lake Express stops in Price on its route between Salt Lake City and Blanding.

Get around
Driving, and walking are almost the only ways to go in Price. Due to its size, nearly everything in the city is available to you within walking distance, but some features of the area are best driven to.

Do

 * Hiking
 * Biking
 * Camping
 * Boating
 * Fishing
 * Hunting
 * River Trips
 * Horseback Riding
 * Climbing or Canyoneering
 * Cross Country Skiing
 * Snowmobiling
 * Backpacking
 * Backpacking

Eat
Price is an ethnically diverse area for dining offering Greek, Italian, Chinese, Mexican, Dutch Oven dinners, steak houses and many other venues in addition to a brewery where they serve a variety of specialty beers as well as great food! A nice choice of fast food restaurants is also available.

title: Price (Utah)


text:
Priečne sedlo

Priecne Sedlo is in the High Tatras, Slovakia

Understand
This is one of the more technically difficult trails, but it will take you from Malá studená dolina to Veľká studená dolina, two big and beautiful mountain valleys, by climbing the narrow pass that connects the two (Priečne sedlo 2352m).

Prepare
This is one of the more technically difficult trails and it takes a full day, so unless you're experienced you might want to warm up trying something easier the first day or two of your stay. Note that a part of the trail involves climbing (you don't need any special equipment, there are chains installed), so if you don't like heights it might not be for you. You will need good walking shoes as much of the terrain is rocky. Also, you should be prepared for any kind of weather, as the weather, especially this high up in the mountains can be treacherous. You can see and encounter patches of snow even in summer.

Get in
The trail begins and ends in Starý Smokovec, near the cable car station, which can be easily accessed either by car or the High Tatras tram.

Walk
This trail begins in, where you can either hike up to (45min) or take the cable car up. There is a marked trail going up, but it's quicker and easier just to follow the cable car tracks. From Hrebienok, continue along the red trail to. You can also take a detour along the green (then blue) trail and see the (creek) along the way (this will set you back about 20min). Both trails will cross at a bridge across the creek, either way you choose follow the red trail from there to Zamkovského chata.

Once you reach Zamkovského chata, you leave the red trail and follow the green trail up to. It will climb steadily, and the forest will quickly change to dwarf-pine undergrowth. Eventually, you will reach a big zig-zag style climb just under the Teryho chata, arguably the most sternous along the route. This is when the terrain changes to rock/alpine meadow. When you reach Teryho chata, congratulations, the worst climb is over, and it should be about the time for lunch. Pop into the cottage for a drink and a hot lunch at a reasonable price, and sit back and enjoy the view.

Once properly rested, continue up along the green trail. It will start with another (smaller) climb, then plateau. Continue until you reach the green/yellow intersection, where you switch to the yellow trail. Continue a bit further, until you come to the bottom of the pass, where the chains start. Up from here it is a climb up the rockface. While chains make this easier, this is the technically most difficult part of the trail and will take 30-45min to climb, so rest before you start as there won't be an opportunity to do so later. Once you reach the narrow saddle, you will be treated to some spectacular views of the two valleys below.

From here, you are going steadily down. Here, the colour marking of the trail disappears for a bit, so follow the small pyramids of rocks that are used to mark the trail in the rocky terrain (this is very straightforward). Along the way you will pass several mountain lakes and finally reach the. From there, follow the blue trail down along the winding valley. On the intersection with red, follow this to Hrebienok. Once again, you can choose to walk down, or take the cable car.

Stay safe
The biggest safety hazard along the way is the nature. Take proper hiking equipment and stay aware of the weather conditions. Never hike alone.

Go next
From Zbojnicka chata, it is possible to continue further via saddle, usually to  and back to Starý Smokovec. This whole three-valleys trip normally takes approx. 10 hours of straight walking. Including the resting time and occasional congestion at the saddles, you should get up early to make this whole hike in a day.

title: Priečne sedlo


text:
Prien am Chiemsee

Prien am Chiemsee is a town in Bavaria, Germany.

Understand
It is the main gateway to Lake Chiemsee, largest lake in Bavaria. The market town Prien am Chiemsee is the biggest settlement on Chiemsee, the “Bavarian Seaside”. The town is a climatic health resort and only Kneipp spa in Upper Bavaria.

History
Prien was founded in the middle of the 12th century (around 1158), as an administrative centre for the Count of Falkenstein. The western Chiemgau valley has, however, been a popular place of settlement for centuries, with both the Romans and Celts having settled here.

The name “Prien” comes from the Celtic word for the river that flows through Prien (“Brigenna” - the river that flows from the mountains). Prien was principally a settlement for craftsmen during the Middle Ages. All sorts of craftsmen came from all over the parish and from 1400 specifically from the crafts quarter called “Am Gries”. Through the centuries, these trades came to provide the economic backbone for the region.

For a long time, the population of the town remained relatively constant, with just 300 residents registered at the beginning of the 19th century.

Town's modern population is around 10,000. This rapid rise in population happened after opening of the Munich-Salzburg railway line in 1860. Railway brought in the first wave of out-of-town visitors, and this trend only gained momentum when the King’s Castle at Herrenchiemsee opened to the general public in 1886. Chiemsee-Schifffahrt, the Chiemsee public boating company, expanded its operations accordingly.

Nowadays, tourism is the town’s main source of income.

By plane
Prien is 120 km southeast of Munich International Airport and 65 km northwest of Salzburg W.A. Mozart International Airport. There are several Prien-based airport shuttle services to bring travellers to Prien.

A light-rail service goes into Munich in a dense schedule, so taking the train from the airport is a convenient option as well, and will take around 1h 45m.

By train
Prien is a station on the railway line between Munich and Salzburg. InterCity (IC) trains as well as Local Trains ("Meridian") stop at Prien station. While ICs travel further distances, are faster and skip some stations in between, the Meridian train lines go from Munich to Salzburg and cover all stations in between, making them a good way to get around within the Chiemgau area. Travel time from Munich is about 57 minutes using IC trains, 1 hour using Meridian. See the official DB Bahn website for more details.

By car
The fastest way is the A8 highway, between Munich and Salzburg. Although Prien doesn't have a separate exit as it is a few kilometers north of the highway, it can be reached conveniently enough by exiting in Bernau am Chiemsee and taking St2092, leading directly into Prien.

Get around
The best way to get around Prien is by foot.

Eat
There's a restaurant of Herreninsel (part of old Augustinean Monastery), offering standard Bavarian menu of soups, stews, sausages and meats. It is reasonably priced and conveniently located next to boat pier. Number of "fisherman's shacks" on Frauneinsel offer freshly smoked local fish (trout, bass, pike, etc.) to be consumed on the spot or to go.

Drink

 * Hacienda Tapas Bar

title: Prien am Chiemsee


text:
Prijedor

Prijedor is a town in the North of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is about 50 km west of Banja Luka.

Understand
The city had a hard time during the 1992-95 war, but now boasts of being one of the few really multi-ethnic towns in the country. The town is in the Republika Sprska.

Get in
There is a daily direct bus connection from Dubrovnik, over Split and Makarska, and it also lies on the Zagreb-Sarajevo train-line.

Do
Close to Prijedor in Kevljani, In May, the Most Mira (peace bridge) kids festival is organised

title: Prijedor


text:
Prilep

Prilep is a city in Western North Macedonia nicknamed "The city under Marko’s towers", alluding to its fortress. The city of 76,768 is the Macedonian tobacco and beer capital - tobacco leaves can be seen drying across the city and Prilep's brewery produces most of the country's most popular beers. The city was the capital of the medieval kingdom of Kings Vukašin and Marko which explains the large number of churches and monasteries in and around the city.

Understand
What is most striking about Prilep is the strange bare scenery with huge rocks scattered around. The city is nestled below a bare hill. On the top of the hill, ruins of a medieval fortress stand. All around the city are tobacco fields, and if one visits the city in late summer or fall, one will see tobacco drying everywhere he turns. What is unique about Prilep is the strange sense of humor its inhabitants have and the way they have preserved their traditional way of life. Near Prilep is the Mariovo region, one of the most untouched regions of Macedonia, with small, half-deserted villages scattered in untouched nature.

History
The ancient Macedonian city of Styberra existed near present-day Prilep, within the village of Čepigovo. It was later incorporated into the Roman Empire. Razed by the Goths in 268, it remained inhabited.

Even though the Prilep has been in existence since ancient times, its peak was in the Middle Ages. In 1018, it was here that Tsar Samuel died of a heart attack when he saw his army of 14,000 blinded by the Byzantine Emperor Vasilij.

Prilep was the capital of the medieval kingdom of King Vukasin (r 1350-1375) and his son King Marko (r 1375-1395). They both tried to stop the progress of the Turkish expansion and are remembered as mythical heroes in the folk tales and songs. After the death of King Marko in 1395, Prilep was conquered by the Turks. The next five centuries were under Ottoman rule. Among the first rebellions to take place against Ottoman occupation was orchestrated in the Mariovo area in 1564. In 1907 following the Ilinden Uprising, the Battle of the Knife occurred near the village of Rakle, close to Prilep. 67 rebels were killed by Ottoman forces in what was considered the bloodiest rebellion after the Ilinden Uprising; photographs of the aftermath spread around the world.

The Battle of Prilep occurred in November 1912, as part of the First Balkan War. The Serbian army overwhelmed the Ottomans over the course of three days and forced them to retreat. This set the Serbs on course to head southward to Bitola.

On 11 October 1941 in Prilep, the rebellion of the Macedonian people against the fascist Bulgarian occupation began. The Prilep partisans attacked the Bulgarian police station, prison, and telephone and telegraph networks.

During the communist period under Yugoslavia, Prilep was named one of eight "Hero Cities" in the country.

Curiosities

 * The whitest marble in the world is found in Prilep. The marble is called "Sivec". The pedestal of the Statue of Liberty is made of Sivec, and the marble has also been used in building the White House and other buildings in Washington, D.C.
 * Prilep and the village of Varosh are attached to each other. In the Middle Ages Varosh was actually the city and Prilep was a suburb attached to the city.

By bicycle
Riding from Bitola, one can take on old road that parallel the new highway. It is in good condition, and has little traffic; parts of it are still paved with stones, rather than asphalt.

From Skopje and Veles, the usual road would follow the valley of the Vardar River to near Gradsko (where an older road, suitable for bicycles, roughly parallels the expressway); from there, one would continue west to Prilep along Hwy P106; the highest pass on this route has elevation 992 m.

A much more challenging, but historic and quite scenic route from Veles follows the valley of the Babuna River, and then that of its tributary, the Izvorčica, crossing the mountains over Prisad Pass (elevation 1090 m). From near Izvor, and to the vicinity of the Prilep Reservoir (a few km northeast of Prilep) the road is unpaved. While at lower elevations it's a more or less normal dirt (gravel) road, around Prisad Pass it's been paved with large boulders, perhaps in the Ottoman era or during WWI. Considering the road condition and steepness, you likely will be walking for several miles over the pass. Although old kilometer stones, with nearly illegible numbers, still stand along this road, few cars (maybe one or two a day) travel over the pass, and that's a good thing, considering the amount of dust a vehicle would rise on a road like this.

The monastery of St Dimitri is found near the dirt road north of the pass, and that of St George, south of the pass. Large marble quarries can be seen south of the pass as well. There is an old pillbox at the pass.

Get around
The centre is small and it's easiest to get around on foot.

The bus station is in the centre too.

To get to Varosh village, you can get a taxi for around MKD50 - ask to be dropped at the monastery and then walk down to visit the churches, or walk for about 20 to 30 minutes.

See
Prilep is one of Macedonia's foremost cities. While it perhaps saw its greatest importance in the medieval era, there are monuments from the ancient, Byzantine, Ottoman, neoclassical, communist, and modern eras as well that showcase Prilep's fascinating past. Coupled with the unique landscape in and around the city, Prilep is not to be missed when visiting Macedonia.

Varoš
Prilep's oldest neighborhood was considered a separate village not so long ago, but it was ultimately absorbed within the growing city's limits. Once home to 77 churches, several medieval monuments remain today. Varoš is northwest of the city center, under Marko's Towers.

Neighboring villages
Prilep Municipality is among the largest in the country by area and is home to 58 villages, ranging from suburbs of Prilep to severely depopulated historic villages in the Mariovo region. The topography coupled with the historic architecture make the rural areas of Prilep Municipality worth exploring. Places like Veprčani have been used as settings in films.

 * Mariovo. Prilep Municipality contains a majority of this historic region.
 * Mariovo. Prilep Municipality contains a majority of this historic region.
 * Mariovo. Prilep Municipality contains a majority of this historic region.

Events

 * International festival of folk instruments and songs "Pece Atanasovski" held in the village of Dolneni 15 km away from Prilep on 22 and 23 May
 * Center for Contemporary Arts an Art Colony from 1957 year, held from 10 July until 10 August every summer in the center of Prilep. web.wwwcslu-prilep.org. tel +38970208331
 * Center for Contemporary Arts an Art Colony from 1957 year, held from 10 July until 10 August every summer in the center of Prilep. web.wwwcslu-prilep.org. tel +38970208331

Eat
Prilep is the origin of the traditional Macedonian food Širden. It is prepared with an elastic muscle organ of a sheep or lamb, which is washed and then stuffed with three kinds of chopped meat, onions, and paprika and seasoned with black pepper, pimento, and salt. A little water is added and the opening is sewn with a needle and a thread. It is baked with lard in an earthen casserole.

There are many burek and pastry places and restaurants in the centre but for best grill and local food head for:

Drink
There is a selection of cafes, bars and clubs in Prilep, most of them in and around the old bazaar and in the shopping mall that stands on the main square. Here are some of the popular destinations: In the center of the town there are at least twenty cafe bars offering a variety of fun and you can have a nice time enjoying some very modern or rustique views of architecture.

Car Rental

 * Astra Rent-a-Car  Tel: +389-71-214-071. Affordable and fully insured car rental in the center of the city, with signing contract available in English. You can travel everywhere in the country and also outside of Macedonia. Specially organized trips to Treskavec Monastery with off-road jeep and a tour guide are available. Company is part of Pension Breza hotel.

Go next

 * Bitola- Visit the “city of consuls”. Cozy Old Town and a very ruined, ancient city remains. Certainly worth stopping off here for a few hours if travelling from Prilep to Ohrid.
 * Kicevo - There is the St. Bogorodica Precista a monastery with the 'flying icon'
 * Ohrid- A couple bus per day (via Bitola). With ancient churches and flower-filled balconies in the hillside old city, and beach life down below on the lake coast, this is no doubt the "Macedonian Riviera"
 * Skopje - around dozen of buses and couple of trains depart to the Capital
 * Veles - 65 km NE. - Visit the nearby Saint Jovan Vetersko monastery

title: Prilep


text:
Primm

Primm is a small community in Southern Nevada located at the California and Nevada State Line. It is south of Las Vegas and  from another small town called Jean. It sits right next to Interstate 15.

History
In the 1920s, the area only had a gas station which was owned by Pete MacIntyre. The story goes that he was having trouble selling gas so he resorted to bootlegging. He died in 1933 and was initially buried in an unmarked grave close by, though unintended exhumation caused his body to be moved into a cave. The man is now often known locally as "Whisky Pete", with the town's first casino named eponymously after him.

Between the early 1950s to the early 1970s, Dale Hamilton owned the town known as State Line at the time with an ambition to place a few slot machines in his gas station to entice travelers, a tradition that continues to this day.

In 1977, businessman Ernest Jay Primm opened Whiskey Pete's  to capture gamblers on their way to or leaving Las Vegas. He passed this venture on to his son Gary Primm.

Several decades later and in 1990, State Line's second casino The Primadonna Resort was opened to the public. Its current name is the Primm Valley Resort.

Buffalo Bill's and its Desperado hypercoaster were opened in 1994.

In 1996, State Line was renamed to Primm to remove confusion from the Nevadan town of Stateline near Lake Tahoe and to acknowledge the Primm family's success.

In 2010, the town was featured in the video game Fallout: New Vegas along with much of Southern Nevada including nearby Goodsprings, Jean, and Searchlight.

Climate
As with the rest of the Mojave Desert, Primm has a typical climate of hot days and cold nights. It is constantly arid with little rainfall as well as hot summers and warm winters.

By car

 * If you're driving to Primm from the Los Angeles area or its surrounding counties, drivers can take I-15 North and stay on the freeway all the way to Exit 1 after crossing the California/Nevada State Line.
 * From the Las Vegas area, take I-15 South and get off at Exit 1.

By taxi
Taxis are available 24 hours a day from Las Vegas to Primm. The fare however is around $100 each way due to the distance between the two destinations; alternatively, cheaper rates can be found via ride hailing services such as Uber and Lyft.

By plane
There are no airports in Primm, though there is a proposal to build the Southern Nevada Supplemental Airport (formerly Ivanpah Valley Airport) close by as early as 2029.

The nearest airport to Primm is. It's north and is mostly used for recreational aviation and skydiving rather than commercial flights.

Other close airports are  and  (formerly McCarran International Airport)  near Henderson and Las Vegas respectively.

By monorail
A free monorail connects the three casinos.

By foot
Most of the town is walkable.

Goodsprings
Goodsprings is northwest of Primm and  west of Jean on the I-15. The former mining town is quiet with few amenities for the traveler, but it's worth checking out the Pioneer Saloon, the exterior of the Goodsprings Schoolhouse and Goodsprings Cemetery. For travelers that want to see everything the town has to offer the historical society has listed other places of interest on their website which includes a walking tour.

Jean
Jean is north of Primm on the I-15. There isn't much to see except the Seven Magic Mountains, a bright and colorful sculpture by Ugo Rondinone.

Gambling
Primm has three casinos, all of which are owned by Primm Valley Casino Resorts. Amongst offering traditional casino games, there are also on-site bookmakers for horseracing and other sports events.

Motorsports
The Stateline Supermoto Challenge is an annual event at Buffalo Bill's.

Buy
Heading southbound, Primm is your last chance to buy gasoline at the usually-lower Nevada prices. Gas prices often jump 15 to 40 cents just by crossing the California state line.

There is access to a small convenience store on the California side of the state line, where California State Lottery tickets can be purchased. Oddly, this store cannot be reached without travelling through Nevada.

The town's shopping mall is part of the Primm Valley Resort.

Eat
Restaurants in Primm can be found in three places:

 * All three hotel-casinos have restaurants inside them for different budgets and times of day.
 * The Prizm Outlets mall has a food court with a variety of restaurants.
 * A few restaurants are dotted around the town.

Sleep
The community consists of three hotel-type casinos which attract travellers driving from California, typically on their way to Las Vegas and driving back. These hotels also serve as feeders to Las Vegas when a major event and/or convention is taking place.

Go next
Map of places with Wikivoyage articles nearby

 * Searchlight – to the southeast of Primm on the I-15 then SR-164. Also a former mining town, Searchlight maintains its heritage with its own museum, which while small is also educational. The town also has two casinos both run by Terrible's and two motels. Searchlight Airport has no scheduled services, and is uncontrolled, unmanned, and unlighted.
 * Baker – to the southwest of Primm on I-15, Baker is the only significant town on the interstate in the remote desert stretch between Barstow and the Nevada border. It offers food, fuel and lodging, is home to the world's tallest thermometer, and is the starting point for the journeying north to Death Valley.

title: Primm