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Jundiaí

Jundiaí is a city in the Campinas Region of São Paulo state. More than just a medium-sized city between São Paulo and Campinas, Jundiaí is renowned by its wineries and traditional fruit farms open to visitors, as well as by the Serra de Japi, a rainforest-covered mountain range with unique characteristics.

Understand
In 1615, the region called by Native Brazilians as "Jundiahi" was settled by bandeirante Rafael de Oliveira. Jundiaí was officially recognized as a village in 1655, and dedicated itself to mining on its early decades of existence, followed soon by a period of economical stagnation. This started to change in 1785 with the boom of agriculture, including fruit cultivation, which is still one of the main characteristics of the region today. With the inauguration of the train station in 1867, Jundiaí started receiving a lot of European immigrants (from Italy, Spain and England) and became a major agricultural exporter.

In the 20th century, industry in Jundiaí has steadily developed and the city is today one of the most attractive places in the state for industries. Unfortunately, despite the agricultural and industrial prosperity, the somewhat disorganized population growth lead Jundiaí to have rates of social and crime problems which are significantly high for a city of its size.

Most visitors come to Jundiaí to relax in its charming countryside, or to adventure in the Serra do Japi. But as the only large city of the state outside the São Paulo metro area to still have a fully operational passenger train station, urban Jundiaí contains important testimonies of the shining days of rail transport in Brazil. Not by coincidence, Jundiaí is likely to be the first city in the state to have a rapid train service, around 2016.

By car
Jundiaí is easily accessible from either São Paulo (50 minutes) or Campinas (40 minutes) by '''Rod. Anhanguera (SP-330'''). From São Paulo, a frequently used alternative is to take '''Rod. dos Bandeirantes (SP-348'''), and change to Rod. Anhanguera shortly before arriving in Jundiaí.

By train

Jundiaí is one of the few places outside the São Paulo metro area where it is possible to arrive by train. The CPTM train of Line 7-Ruby, that departs from Luz station in São Paulo, is ridiculously cheap (same price as a regular CPTM/Metrô ticket) but since it is a stop train, it is very slow (takes at least 1½ hours, plus transfer time at Francisco Morato station which can add a further 20 minutes on occasion). The train can also get overcrowded at peak hours, and you should keep track of where your valuables are if people are brushing up against you. The train goes through some rough-ish neighbourhoods but security at every stop do a good job of keeping everything under control. You can see some pretty interesting views from the rail route that you simply don`t get to see from the motorway, such as favelas on the sides of hills and dirt football pitches humming with activity, not to mention the occasional buskers and serenaders wandering up and down the carriage looking for money. The Jundiaí train station is about 1.7 km from the city center proper, and approximately the same distance to Museu da Companhia Paulista.

By bus
Getting to Jundiaí by bus is a far more comfortable option than the CPTM train. The intercity bus terminal of Jundiaí is Terminal Rodoviário José Alves, at Av. 9 de Julho, 4000. A local bus or a taxi is necessary to reach the city center from the terminal. Buses from São Paulo and Campinas are quite frequent and seldom require reservation.
 * Buses from São Paulo (departing from the Tietê terminal) are provided byViação Cometa, and cost about R$17.50
 * Buses from Campinas are provided by LiraBus or VB Transportes and cost about R$14

Get around
The city center and its attractions can be easily explored on foot. To explore the countryside and the nature around the city, however, you will need an uber lift, share a blablacar ride, or hire one of the tour agencies that operate in the city.

See

 * A nice local park with a small place at one end to fly remote control airplanes. You can also rent a bicycle for a small fee to ride for an hour.
 * A nice local park with a small place at one end to fly remote control airplanes. You can also rent a bicycle for a small fee to ride for an hour.
 * A nice local park with a small place at one end to fly remote control airplanes. You can also rent a bicycle for a small fee to ride for an hour.
 * A nice local park with a small place at one end to fly remote control airplanes. You can also rent a bicycle for a small fee to ride for an hour.
 * A nice local park with a small place at one end to fly remote control airplanes. You can also rent a bicycle for a small fee to ride for an hour.
 * A nice local park with a small place at one end to fly remote control airplanes. You can also rent a bicycle for a small fee to ride for an hour.
 * A nice local park with a small place at one end to fly remote control airplanes. You can also rent a bicycle for a small fee to ride for an hour.

Do
There are many trails through preserved mata atlântica (Atlantic Forest), with several waterfalls to see.

Open farms
As part of the Circuito das Frutas (Fruit Circuit), Jundiaí contains several farms open to visitors, allowing them to experience the Paulista countryside environment, plus taste and buy wine, fruits and other food.

title: Jundiaí


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Juneau

Juneau (JOO-noh) is the capital of Alaska, in the state's Southeastern region. Juneau is on the North American mainland and yet cannot be reached by land. Effectively, the rugged mountains surrounding it make Juneau into an island city, reachable only by air or by sea. Juneau experiences a daily influx of thousands of people from visiting cruise ships between May and September.

Understand
It has a population of about 32,000 (2019). The municipality of Juneau, with an area larger than Rhode Island and Delaware combined, is the second largest in area in the country. It has been the capital of Alaska since 1906, when the government of the then-Alaska Territory was moved from Sitka. Alaska became a state 53 years later.

It is the only state capital that can not be reached by land from the state it serves. Moreover, Juneau is the largest US state capital in area and the only one that borders a foreign country. The economy is based on government, tourism, mining, and fishing.

One of the interesting things about Juneau and Alaska is the effect on public life of being such a geographically large state with an "island" state capital. The state legislature, for instance, takes telephone testimony during its committee hearings. They have a state-wide video conferencing system to facilitate government meetings and deliberations. There are more state employees in Anchorage (600 miles northwest) than in Juneau.

Geography and climate
The climate in Juneau and the southeast panhandle is best described as a "cooler, wetter version of Seattle." It is a mid-latitude oceanic climate in the southern sections and a subarctic oceanic climate in the northern parts. On an annual basis, this is both the wettest and warmest part of Alaska with milder temperatures in the winter and high precipitation throughout the year. Juneau averages over 50 inches (1,270 mm) of precipitation a year, while other areas receive over 275 inches (6,990 mm). This is also the only region in Alaska in which the average daytime high temperature is above freezing during the winter months.

Average annual rainfall ranges from 55 inches to over 90 inches (1400 to over 2300 mm) depending on location; annual average snowfall is 101 inches (257 cm).

The average high temperature in July is 65°F (18°C), and the average low temperature in January is 20°F (-4°C).

Tourist information

 * Travel Juneau website

Get in

Juneau is Alaska's capital and is on the mainland, but you can't get there by road or rail. Southeast Alaska is sandwiched between the rugged coastal mountain range and the Pacific Ocean. Constructing roads between many of the towns and cities of SE Alaska is prohibitively expensive and sometimes impossible. Only three towns (Haines, Hyder, and Skagway) in the SE Panhandle are connected by a roadway to the lower 48 states (often called "down south"). Access to the rest (including Juneau) is only possible by air or by sea.

By sea
Juneau is a main port for the, Alaska's ferry system. The ferry runs regularly throughout Southeast Alaska with regular stops in Ketchikan, Petersburg, Wrangel, Sitka, Haines, and Skagway. Small communities, such as Angoon, Hoonah, Tenakee Springs, Pelican, and Kake, get occasional AMHS service. The closest port with a road connection is Haines, about a five-hour ride away from Juneau by regular ferry or a two-hour ride on one of the state's new catamaran ferries. The ferry system is the only way to transport a car to Juneau, short of shipping it up on a barge. The ferry terminal is on the northern shores of Auke Bay at from Juneau on the Glacier Highway (Hwy 7).

Juneau is a major port of call for cruise ships plying the Inside Passage, which bring several thousand visitors almost every day between May and September. The cruise ships typically dock just south of downtown Juneau in the following docks, listed in order of distance from downtown Juneau, with nearby facilities: A typical summer day may have four or five cruise ships calling on Juneau, which could bring up to 10,000 visitors for the day. To plan your day, check the cruise ship schedule for Juneau.
 * Sea Drome Dock (SD) -- small ship
 * Alaska Steamship Dock (AS) -- large ship -- Library and parking garage
 * Cruiseship Terminal (CT) -- large ship -- Visitor Information Center (summer)
 * Intermediate Vessel Float (IVF) -- medium ship -- Mt. Roberts tram
 * South Franklin Street Dock (FKL) -- large ship
 * A J Dock (AJD) -- large ship -- the furthest dock sticking out into the harbor, 1 mile walk around the fuel depot or shuttle to CT and visitor information center

Juneau is also the Alaska home port for the luxury yachts of the UnCruise.

On foot
Downtown Juneau is compact and very walkable, though above 4th Street it gets very hilly. The downtown streets are on a slanted grid, with Franklin, Seward, and Main Sts running parallel, and with Front, First, Second, Third, Fourth, etc., cutting across. The State Capitol is at Fourth and Main, City Hall is at the foot of Seward and Marine Way, and touristy grazing is along Franklin. Watch for the 20 historical plaques that detail the fascinating history of Juneau.

By bus
The public Capital Transit provides daily bus service for downtown Juneau and vicinity and charges $2.00 for travel in one direction (Oct 2019). The Downtown Transit Center is on Main St and Front St, two blocks northwest of City Hall. Route 3/4 serves the Mendenhall Valley, but can get you no closer than about a mile to the Mendenhall Glacier Visitor Center.

Capital Transit offers a Ride Free Zone that includes the Capitol, the Juneau-Douglas City Museum, the Dimond Courthouse, the hostel, and other locations at the top of the hill.

At the cruise ship docks, several bus services offer low-cost rides to the Mendenhall Glacier during the summer visitors season.
 * Mighty Great Trips "Blue Glacier Express" is a blue schoolbus that departs every 30 minutes, 9AM to 6:30PM on most summer days ($20 round trip).
 * Juneau Tours Glacier Shuttle runs from the cruise ships to the Mendenhall Glacier and back every 30 minutes on most days ($30 round trip).

By taxi
Taxis are an economical alternative. Taxi vans can carry up to 7 passengers and cost about the same as buses for 5 or more. Drivers who want to do tours can often be found in the taxi zones near the Mt. Roberts Tram or the Red Dog Saloon. Metered fares and charter rates are regulated by the city.

By car
Car rentals are available at the airport and are necessary if you wish to explore the surrounding areas, outside of town on your own. The following are the main roads through the area:
 * Alaska 7 shield.svg Egan Dr / Glacier Highway serves as the main highway through the area, spanning, between Thane and Point Bridget State park in the north. It goes from Thane into Juneau as Thane Rd and another  to its northern terminus at the southern shores of Berners Bay in Point Bridge State Park as Glacier Highway and through town as Egan Dr. It passes by the airport and the ferry terminal at Auke Bay.
 * Douglas-Juneau Bridge goes across Gastineau Channel between Juneau and Douglas Island. On the other side, the road goes around to the northwestern side of Douglas Island as Douglas Highway.

See

Do
The most popular activities in Juneau for visitors are shopping, flight seeing, charter fishing, visiting the Mendendhall Glacier, and hiking. Be aware that Juneau is very spread-out. It is broken into sections. There is "Downtown", and "The Valley" (where the Mendenhall Glacier, Mendenhall Mall, a skate park, and most of the residential are located). The distance between the two is a good 15 minutes.

Of the cruiseship tour options, an air tour leaves the biggest impression—especially if the weather is clear. Behind Juneau lies the Juneau Icefield. Helicopter and floatplane tours are available. The most popular floatplane tour is with Wings Airways to the Taku Lodge. Most of the helicopter tours include a stop landing on the glacier. Trips are fairly expensive (about $200 per person and up, depending on the length of the excursion), but a remarkable experience that many consider well worth the price. Alternatively, get a group together and charter a small airplane tour. These will generally be less expensive (you pay by the hour) and allows you to customize your experience. Ward Air is highly regarded, but Wings of Alaska and other carriers offer charter flights.

Be sure to go for a hike while in Juneau. There are over 90 hiking trails in the area (many very steep). A few lead to rental cabins available from the US Forest Service or State of Alaska parks. If you want a guide, Gastineau Guiding offers guided hikes on many popular trails and combines some hikes with whale watching or kayaking.

 * - located in Juneau
 * - located in Juneau

Buy
Juneau, like many towns dominated by the cruiseship industry, is ripe with jewelry, t-shirt, and trinket shops. On busy cruiseship days you can watch as thousands of cruisers in matching track outfits ply the shopping district to get trinkets for their grandchildren and jewelry for themselves.

There are a few locally owned stores that attract locals and tourists: look for a sign in shop windows that says "This store is owned by an Alaskan family."

Drink
By far the most popular with locals is the Alaskan Bar (South Franklin Street) to hang out with locals, listen to music (Thursday is open mic night) and drink an Alaskan (beer) with an Alaskan in the Alaskan. A bit rough looking but a great hangout.

 * Shuttle bus available from downtown, also reachable by public bus (Anka Street stop)
 * Shuttle bus available from downtown, also reachable by public bus (Anka Street stop)
 * Shuttle bus available from downtown, also reachable by public bus (Anka Street stop)
 * Shuttle bus available from downtown, also reachable by public bus (Anka Street stop)
 * Shuttle bus available from downtown, also reachable by public bus (Anka Street stop)

Respect
Juneau is in a temperate rain forest, so complaining about the rain will probably warrant a few eye rolls, or flat-out rudeness.

Go next

Juneau is a great place to base for a camping vacation or cruise tour. It's the gateway to the Admiralty Island National Monument and the Tracy Arm/Ford's Terror Wilderness Area. Both areas are popular with kayakers.

 * The U.S. Forest Service operates two campgrounds on the Juneau road system, one at Auke Bay Recreation Area at the site of Juneau's original Tlingit village, and one located on Mendenhall Lake near Mendenhall Glacier.
 * If you don't want to tent camp, there are a number of public use cabins in the Juneau area, some on trails accessible from the Juneau road system. Those located in state parks are operated by Alaska State Parks, and those located in Tongass National Forest are operated by the U.S. Forest Service.  They are often fully booked for weekends and holidays early in the year, but it's possible to find cabins available on weekdays.
 * Tracy Arm/Sawyer Glacier and Endicott Arm/Dawes Glacier are two spectacular deep-water fjords with active tidewater glaciers at their termini (Dawes, a compound glacier, is about 20 stories high and a mile across). The mouth of these sister fjords (Tracy is the north arm and Endicott the south arm) is about 50 miles south of Juneau, off Stephens Passage east of Admiralty Island, and both fjords/glaciers are accessible by cruise ship big and small.  Small vessel day cruises operate daily in the summer.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Juneau


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Jungle Railway

The Jungle Railway runs through the centre of Malaysia from Tumpat, near Kota Bahru on the East Coast, to the junction with the country's main line at Gemas.

Officially the East Coast line, this railway is an interesting way to get from Kuala Lumpur or Singapore to the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. It can form a more adventurous alternative to the mainline for an overland trip between Singapore and Bangkok. However, while there is track across the Thai border, passenger services do not run and a 30-minute bus journey is required between either Pasir Mas or Kota Bharu and Thailand's railway network at Sungai Kolok.

Although not an epic train journey like the Trans-Siberian Railway, it nevertheless offers an insight into life in the hinterland of the more rural East Coast states. Until a programme of road building in approximately the 1980s, most of the towns and villages along the line had no other means of accessing the larger world. While the name evokes a journey through thick rainforest, the reality is that the forests of Peninsular Malaysia are disappearing to be replaced with oil palm and rubber plantations. In particular, south of Jerantut the influence of humans on what was once rainforest is obvious. However the terrain, rivers and patches of remaining jungle are impressive.

Taman Negara, Malaysia's oldest national park, lies near the railway and is most often accessed from Jerantut. Other attractions include the Kenong Rimba Park in Pahang, strong waterfalls and limestone caves in Gua Musang.

Route
The Jungle Railway is 526 km long and runs between Gemas on the Butterworth-Kuala Lumpur-Singapore trunk line, and Tumpat in the northeastern part of Peninsular Malaysia. It passes through the states of Negeri Sembilan, Pahang and Kelantan.

Despite it being called the East Coast Line, it only goes near the coast at its terminus in Tumpat: it goes through the center of Peninsular Malaysia.

There are no large cities along its route. Most stations are in remote, jungle-surrounded villages and many stops are nothing more than a platform in the middle of the jungle. The bigger towns along the line are Mentakab (on the Kuala Lumpur-Kuantan main road), Jerantut, Kuala Lipis (former capital of Pahang state), Gua Musang and Kuala Krai.

History

The East Coast line was developed a little later than the West Coast trunk line, purely because there was just not as much economic activity in the East Coast states. The construction of the line was an engineering breakthrough of its era, considering the terrain and thick jungle.

The first stretch between Gemas and Bahau opened in 1910. From the north, the first stretch from Tumpat to Tanah Merah was completed in 1914. Both ends met in 1931. The link to Sungai Kolok in Thailand from Pasir Mas was completed in 1921. About 240 km of track was removed by the Japanese during World War II and used in the construction of the Death Railway between Thailand and Myanmar. It was replaced after the war.

Trains
The Malaysian Railway Company, KTMB (online timetables) runs a variety of services along the Jungle Railway. As of 2017, there is only one sleeper express train per day from Johor Bahru to Trumpat. Third class trains as described in other parts of this article do not exist anymore. One difference worth noting between Malaysian and Thai sleeper trains is that top bunks on Malaysian trains have their own window. This makes top bunks on these sleeper trains significantly more pleasant.

Most speedy and comfortable are the express services which links Tumpat with Kuala Lumpur or Singapore. These allow you to see the jungle interior and not spend days over it. There are also comfortable overnight express trains to Kuala Lumpur, Singapore and Johor Bahru (the Malaysian town closest to Singapore). These express and night trains are all A/C and are equipped with a restaurant car, though the food on offer is far more basic than the food on Thai trains.

The more adventurous will enjoy the entirely third class local trains, which besides passengers, may carry livestock and tons of merchandise. They stop at almost every station along the way -- and there are many -- and will almost certainly run late. These trains often do not run the line's entire length, so some overnight stops will probably be needed. Surprisingly, they usually are entirely A/C, although the system may be down. Seats are individual and padded, making them much more comfortable than Thailand's third class wooden benches.

Stations
From north to south, some of the main stations along the line:

Kota Bharu
All three of these station serve Kota Bharu and can be considered the end of the line.
 * (+60-9-7257232) - the actual end of the line, a stone's throw from the East Coast beach
 * (+60-9-7196986) - nearest Kota Bharu, the best choice for a taxi into town, though there are also buses.
 * (+60-9-7909025) - the station best connected by bus. Buses go to Rantau Panjang, the border town opposite Sungai Kolok in Thailand, and of course Kota Bharu

Into the interior

 * - to get to Stong waterfalls
 * (+60-9-9121226) - main inland town in Kelantan
 * - gateway to the less used access point into Taman Negara
 * - former capital of Pahang until 1953, also the nearest station to the Kenong National Park
 * - main access point to Taman Negara

Back to civilization

 * (+60-9-2771002) - nearest point by road to Kuala Lumpur and Kuantan, capital of Pahang
 * (+60-7-9482863) - where the line meets the West Coast trunk line

Fares
Fares are cheap. The cheapest fare (3rd class seat) along the whole length of the line from Tumpat to Kuala Lumpur is RM 31. The most expensive fare for the same journey (a first class bed in a two-bed compartment) costs RM 101 (upper bunk) to RM 130 (lower bunk). A third class journey from Pasir Mas to Gua Musang cost RM 11. Second class seats are approximately double the price of third class seats.

System
For train buffs, the Jungle Railway used to offer the excitement of old-style train travel, although the trains are now quite new. The entire line is a single line, hence the numerous delays when the mail train is moved to a loop to allow express trains to pass. Key tokens are still used and are passed to drivers by station masters without the train stopping by using pouches. Stations are also not interlocked. While the trains are diesel and coaches modern (although a bit short on maintenance), journeys on these trains are still full of atmosphere.

Prepare
The Jungle Railway may go through thick rainforest, at least in parts, but you will not be far from civilization and the best preparation is:

 * Arrive early - schedules are more for inspiration than for rigorous following and trains may leave early, though late is more likely
 * Bring something warm - you may be in the tropics but the A/C carriages can be close to refrigerated
 * Take a picnic - express trains have restaurant cars selling drinks, basic meals and snacks, everything is overpriced and not particularly exciting; local trains do not have an official food service but there may be enterprising locals hawking snacks and you'll probably be held at some stations long enough to jump out and get something
 * Take an eye mask- unless you're in a first class compartment, you won't be able to control the lighting on the overnight trains, lights are left on in the second class sleepers
 * Take ear plugs- a travel essential

Toilets are generally tolerable (seat and paper are the norm!), and are cleaned after almost every station.

On busier parts of the line (mainly from Singapore to a few station after Johor Bahru and the last few stations before Kota Bharu), you might end up next to piles of merchandise, agriculture products (like smelly durian and the odd chicken) and crying babies. However, the trains are rarely full.

Get in
The Jungle Railway can be accessed at various points. As the line is also served by express trains, you can board the jungle train at the many stations along the way. Federal Route 8 also runs parallel to the railway, allowing road access to many stations. All this allows you to ride the Jungle Train for a portion rather than for the whole journey.

Most people take the Jungle Railway from the north - mostly from Wakaf Bharu station which is near Kota Bharu, Kelantan. The station is 5 km from the city center and can be reached by bus or taxi. As the trains may leave extremely early, please make sure that you have your transportation to the station sorted out the night before.

Tumpat is of course the start of the line and about half an hour north of Wakaf Bharu. It can be reached by bus from Kota Bharu and Pengkalan Kubur on the Thai-Malaysian border across the Golok River from Tak Bai in Narathiwat province. However, there is no accommodation in Tumpat, making it very difficult to catch the 05:00 mail train.

For those coming from southern Thailand via Sungai Kolok and Rantau Panjang, Pasir Mas station is the nearest station. There are two hotels and two homestays in and around Pasir Mas.

Gua Musang, the frontier town in southern Kelantan, is the end of two jungle trains and is a convenient place to end or start your journey, although the area to the south towards Pahang is also interesting and thickly forested. Gua Musang has accommodation and is easily accessed by road from Kota Bharu and Kuala Lumpur via bus, taxi or express train.

Jerantut in Pahang is another popular access point as it is the station to or from Taman Negara. Jerantut is also a stop for all express trains serving the East Coast Line, and is also served by bus or taxi from Kuantan and, with a few changes, from Kuala Lumpur.

Kuala Lipis is the starting point of several trains, including the 81/82 heading to Tumpat and 91/92 from Singapore. It is also a stop on all express and night trains. It is a very convenient start or ending point for a jungle line trip. There are several very cheap accommodation and restaurants along the (almost only) main street in the city. Furthermore, its location in the National Park is an interesting starting point for trekking in rainforest. Most guesthouses can organize such tours.

Mentakab is a possible access point as it is on the main road linking Kuala Lumpur and Kuantan. It is however quite a long way from the more interesting parts of the railway which lies further up north in northern Pahang and Kelantan.

Gemas, the southern end of the Jungle Railway, is on the Butterworth-Kuala Lumpur-Singapore railway line and can also be easily accessed by road. Gemas station has benches which afford sleeping, a proper waiting room and an all-night restaurant -- all convenient to those arriving late at night to catch the morning northbound mail train. Although the journey going up north is interesting, it is a long way before you get to the interesting parts in Pahang and Kelantan.

Tumpat-Gua Musang
This is probably the most interesting portion of the Jungle Railway and the portion which is most served by trains. The scenery when you leave Tumpat is that of flat rice fields of the Kelantan River Delta. The area is dotted with little villages surrounded by, depending on season, emerald green or brown dried-up ricefields.

At Kusial, the railway crosses the wide Kelantan River. The Guillemard Bridge is the longest railway bridge in Malaysia, built by the British in 1925, destroyed during World War II to hold back the invading Japanese Imperial Army, and rebuilt in 1948. The line now runs through rubber, oil palm plantations and secondary forests and if you are on the local "jungle trains" (shuttle trains), you will be stopping every 10 to 15 minutes at little stations along the way.

After Kuala Krai, the line starts moving into hilly country and into isolated spots far away from Federal Route 8, or the main East Coast inland trunk road, which links Kota Bharu and Bentong in Pahang. You will start seeing the jungle which gave the line its nickname. Still, the stretch is quite heavily populated with little towns located along the line. On the early south-bound train, you may be joined by school children catching the train to school in the larger settlements along the line.

You will know that Gua Musang is drawing near when you start seeing limestone outcrops. Gua Musang station itself is located at the base of a steep limestone cliff. The town, once totally unreachable except via the Jungle Railway, is a convenient place to break the journey as there are several accommodation options. You can also return to Kota Bharu or go directly to Kuala Lumpur by bus from here.

Gua Musang-Jerantut
The area immediately south of Gua Musang has the thick jungle for which you may have been looking. The area also has many limestone outcrops and hills, making this area probably the most scenic. The railway line meets Federal Route 8 again at Merapoh, where you can get off the train and try getting to Taman Negara via the less-used Sungai Relau road.

After numerous tiny villages and more jungle, the train draws into Kuala Lipis, the former capital of Pahang. The town is surrounded by hills and is quite charming, containing in particular a very nice main street with traditional Chinese houses. The tracks then run roughly beside the huge Pahang River. The Batu Sembilan halt, about half an hour south of Kuala Lipis is the access point for the Kenong State Park.

You will pass Mela, the nearest scheduled stop to Kuala Tembeling where you can catch boats to Taman Negara. Tembeling halt, which is south of Mela, is nearer Kuala Tembeling but trains do not stop there anymore. Taxis may be available to shuttle you from Mela to the jetty at Kuala Tembeling or vice-versa.

Jerantut, the next stop after Mela, is a more popular getting-off point for Taman Negara, simply because there are more facilities than tiny Mela. Jerantut has many places to stay and eat and public transport to Kuala Tembeling for the boat, or directly to Kuala Tahan opposite the Taman Negara park headquarters can be easily arranged. For those leaving the Jungle Railway, there are buses to Kuantan and Temerloh.

Jerantut-Gemas
Heading south, the landscape changes from jungle to rubber and oil palm plantations. There are fewer stops but the towns now tend to be much bigger. From being predominantly Malay, the ethnic composition now becomes more mixed, with towns mainly inhabited by the Chinese.

The railway line crosses the main east-west trunk road between Kuala Lumpur and Kuantan at Mentakab, where there are bus and taxi connections to both cities. You can also get to the Kuala Gandah Elephant Rehabilitation Center from Mentakab.

Between Mentakab and Gemas on the Johor-Negeri Sembilan border, plantations dominate the scenery. You can get off at Triang and try (with great difficulty) to reach the Tasik Bera wetlands area, a Ramsar site. Before Gemas, the train passes through Bahau, where there are transport connections to Seremban.

Gemas is the southern end of the Jungle Railway. It is a major railway junction where the East Coast and West Coast railway lines meet. Keretapi Tanah Melayu (Malayan Railways) has a huge yard here and one of its old steam engine is kept here. From Gemas, you can catch trains south to Johor Bahru and Singapore or North to Kuala Lumpur. There are also numerous bus services to other destinations. Gemas also has accommodation for you to break your journey.

Stay safe
Train journeys in Malaysia, including the third-class only jungle trains, are very safe, both in terms of the trains staying on their tracks, and the risk of your luggage disappearing. Nevertheless, as there may be some pushing when boarding trains, do keep an eye on your wallets or bags - there are pickpockets even in these parts, especially in the bigger stations.

Pack some food if you have a sensitive stomach. Furthermore, there is not guarantee that food will be sold the day where you take the train. And even if so, it will mostly be drinks and dry snacks.

North

 * Thailand - get off the train at Pasir Mas or Wakaf Bharu and either catch a bus or taxi to Rantau Panjang where you can cross into Sungai Kolok and continue your journey by train in Thailand. Alternatively, continue to Tumpat and catch a bus or taxi to Pengkalan Kubur, which has a ferry to Tak Bai in Narathiwat province.
 * Perhentian Islands - from Kota Bharu, take a bus or taxi to Kuala Besut from where there are boats to the Perhentian Islands. Alternatively, get off at Tanah Merah and grab a 45 minute taxi to Kuala Besut.
 * Kuala Lumpur - unless you're on the direct night train, you'll have to change at Gemas to reach KL.

South

 * Singapore - direct trains run day and night along the Jungle Line to Singapore

Making detours

 * Taman Negara: Get off the train at Jerantut where there is transport to Kuala Tembeling for the boat to the park, or directly to Kuala Tahan opposite the Taman Negara headquarters. If you are feeling adventurous, you can get off at tiny Mela and catch a taxi to Kuala Tembeling.
 * Kenong Rimba Park: Get off the train at Batu Sembilan. You will have to walk to the Pahang River to catch a boat to the park.
 * Stong waterfall: Get off the train at Dabong, Kelantan. It may however be difficult getting transport from the station to the waterfall.
 * Kelantan River Delta: Tumpat and Wakaf Bharu are the best stations for you to have a look around the rice fields and small villages, some with impressive Thai Buddhist temples, of the delta.

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Jura

There's more than one place called Jura:

France

 * Jura (France) - a département in the Franche-Comté region

Poland

 * Polish Jura (Krakow-Czestochowa Jura) - a mountain range

Scotland

 * Isle of Jura - an island of the Inner Hebrides, off the west coast of Scotland

Switzerland

 * Jura - a canton in the Western Switzerland region
 * Swiss Jura - an area on the northwestern border with France, also part of the Western Switzerland region

Transnistria

 * Jura (Transnistria) - a village in Transnistria

title: Jura


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Jurassic Coast

The Jurassic Coast is the popular (and now official) name given to a 95 mile (155 km) long stretch of coastline in southern England, incorporating parts of the east Devon and Dorset coasts.

The Jurassic Coast was inscribed as a World Heritage site in 2001 on account of its importance to geology and palaeontology, and the sheer beauty of its landscape. UNESCO lists it as Dorset and East Devon Coast. The area attracts hundreds of thousands of fossil hunters, hikers, campers and beach-goers each year.

Towns

 * — village in West Dorset near West Bay

Understand
Many of the earliest recognised scientific dinosaur discoveries were made along the Jurassic Coast in the early 19th century, promoting the rise of the science of paleontology. Pioneering fossil hunters like Mary Anning took advantage of the coast's highly fossiliferous cliffs.

Get in
There is a South Western Railways service from London Waterloo to Poole and Exeter.

Get around
These bus services are of particular use to people visiting the Jurassic Coast:

The X53/X51 bus service from Axminster to Weymouth/Dorchester via Lyme Regis, Charmouth, Bridport, West Bay.

The 885 bus service from Axminster to Beer via Colyton and Seaton.

The 899 bus service from Seaton to Sidmouth via Beer and Branscombe. This bus route is very picturesque  as it winds its way down the charming Devon lanes.

The X54 bus service from Weymouth to Poole via Wearham.

The 40 bus service from Swanage to Poole via Corfe Castle and Wearham.

See
The attractions of the Jurassic Coast are many. Not to be missed, however, are:
 * Lulworth Cove at Lulworth
 * Durdle Door, within easy hiking / kayaking distance west of Lulworth
 * Chesil Beach, the longest example of a tombolo (sandy isthmus) in the UK
 * Golden Cap near Charmouth, the highest point on the south coast of Britain at 191 metres (627 ft).

Do

 * Hunt for fossils
 * Relax on a beach
 * Walk the South West Coast Path.

Eat

 * Being on the coast, fresh fish & chips is widely available.

Stay safe
Cliffs can be prone to rockfalls, so avoid walking directly beneath them. This is not an abstract risk: people are killed this way with regrettable frequency.

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Wikivoyage:Joke articles/Jurassic Park

Jurassic Park, also known as Isla Nublar, is an island 120 miles west off the coast of Costa Rica. The island/theme park is well known for housing and exhibiting real living, breathing dinosaurs, and the sight of these creatures once thought lost to time is truly one to behold.

History
The brainchild of InGen CEO John Hammond, Jurassic Park was the first and thus far only theme park to feature living dinosaurs. The process of creating a dinosaur involves locating fossilized ancient mosquitoes, recovering the dinosaur blood within the insect, and then filling in the gaps in the genetic code before breeding a dinosaur. For a more detailed look at the history of the park, see the film in the Visitor Center.

Contrary to popular rumors, there have been no incidents involving power outages which allowed the dinosaurs to escape and attack the humans on the island. The park has a 100% clean safety record and no visitors or park staff members have been injured by the island’s dinosaurs. As a special safety precaution, all dinosaurs are female and incapable of producing lysine, a key amino acid, so there is absolutely no risk of the dinosaurs being able to escape the island and reproduce. (Scurrilous rumors about dinosaurs foraging for plants with lysine or being capable of changing their own sex are best disregarded.)

Landscape
Strikingly similar to the landscape of Kauai, Isla Nublar is a tropical paradise of lush jungles, green plains, and spectacularly steep cliffs which jut thousands of feet into the air.

Flora and fauna
Obviously, the star attractions of the park are the fauna themselves: the many dinosaurs which inhabit the island. You’ll find them all; all the dinosaurs you read about as a kid: Brachiosaurus, Triceratops, Stegosaurus, Velociraptor, and of course, the Tyrannosaurus Rex.

Climate
A climate much like what you would find on any tropical island typifies Isla Nublar. Abundant rainfall and mild temperatures keep the island from getting too warm any time of the year. Note that the occasional violent tropical storm or hurricane does hit Isla Nublar; park staff will notify you well in advance so that you can find shelter. Tours are subject to cancellation based on weather conditions.

Get in
Currently there are no independent transportation carriers to Jurassic Park; all trips to the island are handled by InGen.

There are two ways to get to the park: by helicopter or by boat. Coming by helicopter is the fastest way and provides a spectacular view of the island as you approach the heliport. InGen jeeps will transport you from the heliport to the park's Visitor Center. However, most visitors avoid the expense of a helicopter trip by taking the boat to the island. Cruises depart several times a day from Costa Rica. A shuttle service will take you from the dock to the Visitor Center.

Get around
Due to the sensitivity of the park’s specimens, as well as the dangers posed to trespassers, all transportation around the park is strictly monitored. Tour vehicles take you around the park on a special track, where you can view the park’s creatures from the safety of the tour vehicle.

See

 * All visitors start their tour at the Visitor Center, located at the center of the island. Here, you can view dinosaur skeletons and learn more about the dinosaurs on the island. In the auditorium, you can view a short program on the history of Jurassic Park. Mr. DNA will show you how Jurassic Park scientists brought dinosaurs back from extinction and you’ll even get to briefly glimpse the real miracle workers of Jurassic Park as they fertilize new dinosaurs.
 * If so inclined, you may view the Velociraptor Pen located behind the Visitor Center. There’s not very much to see except for the unfortunate cow that is lowered into the pen at mealtime, but you’ll be thankful for that as the feeding frenzy these dinosaurs put on may be more than your ears can bear to hear.
 * Tours depart continuously throughout the day from the Visitor Center. The computer-controlled tour vehicle will follow a route through the main gate and into the park, where you can view most of the island’s dinosaurs. Among the dinosaurs you’ll likely see are Brachiosaurus, Gallimimus, Stegosaurus, Dilophosaurus (you’ll want to make sure to roll up your windows as you pass these guys, as they spit a blinding venom), Triceratops, Parasaurolophus, and Tyrannosaurus Rex. Unfortunately many of the carnivorous dinosaurs, including the T. Rex, prefer to lurk away from the tour vehicles. In these cases, park staff will often provide live animals as food to attract the animals (vegetarians and others who do not want to witness the ensuing gore are advised to look away). Also the newest attraction, the Jurassic Park River Adventure allows guests to get up close and personal with some of the dinosaur species among which include Stegosaurus, Ultrasaurus and Psittacosaurus.

Work
Travellers looking to work on the island, can often find temporary employment in computer operations, which often experiences high staff turnover. Knowledge of the UNIX operating system, which runs the islands primary control systems, is essential to remedy any errors that may occur.

Buy
A gift shop in the Visitor Center offers plenty of dinosaur and Jurassic Park merchandise.

Eat
A restaurant at the Visitor Center offers fine dining. However, if you have a weak stomach you may want to make sure you eat before viewing some of the park’s more bloodthirsty dinosaurs.

Sleep
The Safari Lodge and the Iguanodon Inn, located near the Visitor Center, provide accommodations during your visit to the island. And you can look forward to the opening of the Pteratops Lodge, a high altitude hotel overlooking the park's scenic pterosaur enclosure.

Stay safe

As noted above, Jurassic Park has a perfect safety record and visitors have absolutely nothing to worry about from any of the park's specimens. Nevertheless, should anything happen, the park staff offers some advice regarding the nastier creatures in the park. If confronted by the T. Rex, remain motionless at all times, as the T. Rex can only see movement. If you are ever anywhere near a Dilophosaurus, shield your face as they can spit a blinding venom that will render you helpless if it comes in contact with your eyes. Much trickier to deal with are the Velociraptors, who have proved to be incredibly skilled and intelligent. In the event of a Velociraptor escape, find a secure hiding place with locked doors and no windows, and arm yourself if possible. However, the park staff assures you that all visitors are completely safe and the chances of any dinosaur escaping are virtually nil. No dinosaurs run faster than cheetahs, in any emergency, drive fast.

You are strongly advised to heed all warning signs, especially those regarding the electric fences which keep dinosaurs and visitors alike secure. Climbing the fence in the event of a power outage is extremely ill-advised.

Go next
Muertes Archipelago, known locally as Las Cinco Muertes (“The Five Deaths”), is an island chain located approximately two hundred miles west of Costa Rica, and eighty miles west of Isla Nublar. Visiting these islands are not allowed.
 * Isla Matanceros
 * Isla Muerta
 * Isla Pena
 * Isla Sorna
 * Isla Tacaño

title: Wikivoyage:Joke articles/Jurassic Park


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Jurata

Jurata is village and a resort on Baltic Sea in Pomorskie Voivodship in Poland.

By plane

 * The international Lech Walesa airport at Gdansk or the international Szczecin-Goleniow airport.

By car

 * From Gdansk or Szczecin by the route E28 to Reda and than just north to Wladyslawowo by the 216. From Wladyslawowo east along the Hel Peninsula.

By train
See PKP

By bus

 * See PKS

Get around
The resort is quite small and has a very specific pine forest character. You can easily walk across the whole village on foot or rent a bicycle. Prior to 1928 it was a fishing village. Jurata is also the name of a Slavic pagan goddess of the Baltic Sea. The village was named after her.

Do
As a primarily beach village, visitors will spend most of their time sun-bathing and swimming. While the water is of excellent quality, it is cold at times, and visitors should watch for small jellyfish. Jurata also has excellent wind-surfing opportunities - renting, lessons, etc.

Eat
Jurata is known for its amazing seafood - all varieties, in all forms. Visitors can also sample traditional Polish crepes and cabbage rolls, while more Western food is available as well.

Sleep
Primarily nice, clean, and quaint small villas and apartment-style rooms, though Western resorts are gradually being built.

Go next
Gdańsk Bay:

 * Pommeranian metropol Gdansk with a beautiful old town and the biggest gothic brick church worldwide
 * sea resort Sopot with the longest European mole
 * sea resort and port Gdynia with the biggest Baltic port
 * sea resort Puck

Vistula Bay:

 * medieval town of Elblag
 * sea resort and medieval town of Frombork with the grave of Nicolaus Copernicus
 * sea resort Kadyny with one of the best European studs

Kashubian Coast:

 * Slowinski Nationalpark with the biggest dunes in Europe
 * sea resort Rowy
 * sea resort Leba
 * sea resort Jastrzebia Gora
 * sea resort Rozewie
 * sea resort Wladyslawowo

On the Hel Peninsula:

 * sea resort Chalupy
 * sea resort Jastarnia
 * sea resort Hel

On the Vistula Peninsula:

 * sea resort Krynica Morska

Jastarnia

title: Jurata


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Jurien Bay

Jurien Bay is a coastal town 220 miles north of Perth in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia. In 2021 the population was 1985.

This coastline was mapped in 1801 by Nicolas Baudin, who named the spot for Charles Marie Jurien, a French navy bigwig. A sheep-farming town (little more than a few shacks) appeared in the 1850s, the first jetty was built, and Jurien Bay morphed into a fishing village. Better roads from the 1950s enabled it to grow, specialising in crayfish (Western Rock Lobster, Panulirus cygnus), and the airstrip from the 1990s facilitated their rapid global export. This is still a busy trade in town. but being close to the big city Jurien Bay has also become a holiday resort.

Get in
Jurien Bay is a 2½ hr drive from Perth. The quickest route is by the coastal Indian Ocean Drive past Lancelin and Cervantes. You could also take Brand Hwy to the turn off at Jurien Bay Rd.

Integrity Coaches run three evenings a week from Perth, taking 3 hours via Joondalup, Lancelin and Cervantes.

is the stop in Jurien Bay. The buses have a 30 min rest stop then head off into the night to Green Head, Leman, Dongara, Geraldton, Carnarvon, Coral Bay, Exmouth, Port Hedland and Broome.

Transwa buses run inland on Brand Hwy. They can drop and pick-up at the turn off, but you're better taking the Integrity Coach to connect with their services, for instance in Geraldton for Kalbarri.

Get around
The town is small enough to walk around but most sights are at some distance. You need your own wheels with 4WD for these.

See

 * is the 162 m fishing and strolling pier completed in 2011. (Boats don't come in here, they use the marina.) Two old jetties were wrecked by storms in 2003: one was completely dismantled to make way for the new, but some wooden piles of the other remain 200 yards north.
 * is a scenic peninsula with remnants of a wartime radar station.
 * is four miles north of town. Many caves are screened off to prevent vandalism and casual visitors coming to grief. The must-see is Stockyard Gully, with a 250 m limestone tunnel that you walk through. No entrance fee but you need high-clearance 4WD to reach it; no dogs.
 * is the largest and closest of the archipelago of the Marine Park. The island is named for the cartographer on Boudin's 1801 survey, and home to a rare marsupial mouse.
 * Jurien Bay Marine Park stretches along the coast from Green Head in the north to the boundary of Nambung National Park in the south. It extends three miles offshore, taking in a long submerged limestone ridge, which here and there forms small islands. The signature wildlife are the sea lions; you might also see dolphins or migrating whales. The ridge is easily reached by boat trips, see below, for scuba-diving, snorkelling and fishing. There's little reason to land on the islands and some are off-limits.
 * is a stretch within the Marine Park for recreational activities such as kayaking. It's an attractive cove with camp grounds, accessible by 2WD.
 * is a stretch within the Marine Park for recreational activities such as kayaking. It's an attractive cove with camp grounds, accessible by 2WD.

Do

 * Coastal trail from the jetty goes 32 km north to Dynamite Bay at Green Head.
 * Skydiving: Skydive Jurien Bay offers tandem rides (strapped to an instructor) from 14,000 ft, and AFF courses if you want to go solo.
 * Boat trips: Jurien Bay Oceanic sail from the marina for fishing and snorkelling with sea lions.
 * Fishing: commercial fishing is only interested in the high value crayfish, leaving plenty of dhufish, snapper and groper for casual anglers.
 * Golf: Jurien Bay Country GC is on Bashford St east of town by the airstrip.

Buy

 * IGA is the big supermarket, on Bashford St. It's open daily 08:00-18:00.
 * Fuel is available 24 hours at the Roadhouse, with a smaller filling station nearby.

Eat

 * Roadhouse has a Subway.
 * Joy's Thai Kitchen is authentic stuff. It's by the Roadhouse, open W-Sa 4PM-8:30PM.
 * Jurien Fish & Chips is next to the Roadhouse.
 * Lesueurs Gallery Cafe near the Roadhouse gets poor reviews.
 * Sandpiper at 12 Roberts St does good pizza, open F-Tu 11:30AM-2PM, 5:30-8PM.
 * Beach Cafe by the jetty is open M-Th 6AM-6PM, F-Su 6AM-10PM.
 * Seaside Cafe is within IGA Shopping Centre.
 * Seaside Cafe is within IGA Shopping Centre.

Drink

 * Sandpiper is the town tavern, see above.

Connect
As of Jan 2023, the town has 4G from Optus and Telstra, but patchy coverage on the approach roads and nothing from Vodafone. 5G has not reached this area.

Go next

 * Green Head and Leeman are north along Indian Ocean Drive, then towards Dongara the highways re-unite.
 * New Norcia to the east has a 19th century Benedictine abbey, still active.
 * Pinnacles Desert 45 minutes south of Jurien Bay is an otherworldly vista of limestone pillars.

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Jutiapa

Jutiapa is a city in eastern Guatemala.

Get in
There are direct buses to Jutiapa from Guatemala City.

Most groups rent a "bus" (which is mostly a small van) that will pick you from the airport, and bring you and your group to where you need to go.

By car
Traveling here, from town to town is relatively easy, but while road signs may be posted, and rules do apply, most locals note that if you want to successfully get around the city, you have to drive as if there were no rules.

In the towns, there are also taxis, or "tuc-tuc's" that cost 2 quetzales per person, and will take you where you need to go in the city.

A street in Asuncion Mita, Jutiapa, with a red tuc-tuc to the right.

By bus
There are buses that take crowds to farther areas of the town, but your best bet is to hitch a ride, or hail a tuc-tuc

See

 * Lago Guija borders Guatemala and El Salvador, though most of the lake resides in El Salvador.
 * Volcan y Laguna Ipala the local volcano, that is about a hour or so hike up.

Work
Most that live in Guatemala, possess some type of skill or trade that they learn either in high school, or from a mentor, which becomes their area of specialty.

Many families open up small shops that cater to their neighborhood.

Buy
On just about every street is a small "tienda" (store) that caters to the surrounding neighbors, and carries the items that you "just ran out of", or need in case of emergency. Otherwise you can hit the crowded streets of the marqueta (market place) where vendors sell clothes, fabric, fruits, and items in bulk.

Here, unless there are marked prices, bargaining is a way of life.

Budget
If you are staying with a family, a budget meal would be a simple, traditional, hand-cooked meal. Usually Tortillas, Juice or Soda, a kind of soup with meat, or beef/chicken, rice, and/or black beans.

Mid-range
Mid-range spending would be done at local restaurants or fast food restaurants, which could be considered about the same.

Splurge
This could probably be done at restaurants that cater mostly to tourists, or the rare very high-class restaurants that may be in a city.

Sleep
There is at least one hotel in or around each city. They are pretty affordable, though they are not always quite what western/american nationals are used to; they usually are not air-conditioned, and come with sheets, a pillow, electricity, running water, and a towel.

In the areas that mostly cater to tourists, there is a mixture of upper and middle class hotels, that are much more expensive, but nicer.

title: Jutiapa


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Jutland

Jutland (Danish: Jylland) forms the mainland part of Denmark. It is a large peninsula on the European continent that stretch northwards towards the even larger Scandinavian Peninsula.

The entire Jutland peninsula is about 535 km long, originating around the small town of Lauenburg on the Elbe River in Northern Germany, stretching north all the way to the sandy spit of Skagens Odde in Denmark. Geographically, the southern third of the peninsula belongs to Germany, comprising the state of Schleswig-Holstein, and the northern two-thirds belongs to Denmark. This article will only deal with the Danish parts of Jutland.

Jutland makes up nearly 70% of Denmark's land area and is home to 2.5 million people, roughly half the country's population. Jutland's largest city is Aarhus, as Copenhagen, Denmark's capital and most populous city, is situated on the island of Zealand in the east.

Regions
The Danish parts of the Jutland peninsula, that this article deals with, comprise these main cultural regions:

For the German part of the Jutland peninsula, see:

 * Schleswig-Holstein

Major cities
Ordered by size, some important major cities in Jutland are:

 * - Jutland's unofficial capital, and most populous city. A centre for trade, culture and education, and also home to some of Jutlands' best attractions. Aarhus is one of Denmarks oldest cities, yet with the youngest population.
 * - A regional centre for industry, culture and education for North Jutland, including an international airport. Attractive old town city core.
 * - Centre of the Danish fishery and offshore industries, and a well-connected access point to the west coast.
 * - An old, yet dynamic, city forming one of the pillars of an important commercial region.
 * - Main city, and a major traffic junction, for Western Jutland.
 * - Historic and religious center since medieval times and still today a main city for government administration. Gateway and major traffic junction for northwest Jutland.

Other towns of interest
There are a lot of small picturesque towns throughout Jutland, and other towns of interest. This includes:

 * - Largest town in the borderland region with a lot of history and beautiful surrounding nature. Founded in 1256 AD around a royal castle.
 * - Officially Denmark's oldest city, Ribe presents pretty medieval buildings, including a large cathedral, and cobblestoned streets.
 * - Major international airport, but also famously home of Lego, and the original Legoland Park, one of Denmark's top attractions.
 * - Main city of the central lake highlands region. The town itself is worth a visit or stay, but it is also a gateway to plenty of outdoor activity in the surrounding region of deep woods, lakes and hills, considered among the most beautiful nature in Denmark.
 * - Quaint old harbour-town with a preserved medieval center, surrounded by beautiful nature. The harbour boasts Fregatten Jylland, the world's biggest intact wooden ship.
 * - Also known as Cold Hawaii, this tiny old fishing-village on the Northsea coast of Jutland has become a popular spot for surfers all-around. Impressive beaches and nature in the Thy National Park.
 * - Famous for the historic Skagen Painters from the 1800s, this old fishing-town is a long time popular cultural spot in the summer, located in the midst of unique coastal nature on the very top of Jutland.

Islands and nature
Denmark is an island nation with hundreds of small and large islands throughout, and Jutland is no different. Some interesting islands to visit includes:

 * - Off-the-beaten path island in Kattegat with unique architecture and atmosphere
 * - Off-the-beaten path island in Kattegat with unique architecture and atmosphere
 * - Off-the-beaten path island in Kattegat with unique architecture and atmosphere
 * - Off-the-beaten path island in Kattegat with unique architecture and atmosphere

Denmark has a total of five national parks, and four of them are located in Jutland:
 * - Hilly picturesque areas with old villages and varied nature, including forest, lakes, and grassy plains with wild horses.
 * - Large restored meandering river system, now an interesting nature site with good opportunity for angling and hiking.
 * - Unique coastal landscape of wild nature with sandy dunes, heath, forest and wildlife. A few wild wolves has recently settled here, after nearly 200 years of absence in Denmark.
 * - Huge and unique wide open coastal landscape of endless muddy and sandy tidal zones, a paradise for birds and seals. Several islands of interest (like Rømø and Fanø in Denmark) dots this enormous region that stretches south through Northern Germany into The Netherlands.

Understand
The German portion of the Jutland peninsula is historically a large borderland area between Denmark and Germany. Nationality and ownership has changed over the centuries, sometimes it was part of Denmark, sometimes is was part of Germany, depending on who had the upper hand in military terms. After the end of World War I, the current national borders were settled once and for all by a democratic referendum in 1920, involving the actual citizens in the Schleswig-Holstein region.

Because of the shifting and muddled cultural influence, the Danish language, and Danish identity, is officially recognised by Germany in the state of Schleswig-Holstein today, and many large towns in the region displays excellent examples of historic Danish architecture, and cultural monuments.

Several islands off the coast of Jutland, including the islands of Rømø, Samsø, and Læsø, are viewed as regionally part of Jutland, even though they are separated from the peninsula in geological terms.

Geologically speaking, the northernmost part of Northern Jutland is an island, separated from the rest of the peninsula by the Limfjord sea channel since a local flood in 1825, but in geographical terms, it is usually viewed as part of the peninsula nevertheless.

Talk
The local language is Danish, which in some parts of Jutland is spoken with a distinct dialect.

While English speakers are perhaps less prevalent than in Copenhagen, most people under 60 will still have at least some understanding of the language.

Due to the borderland issues, German language proficiency is far better in South Jutland, than elsewhere in Denmark. German is also recognised as a language and identity for the German minority in this region, mirroring the same approach by Germany in Schleswig-Holstein, and everyone can be considered bi-lingual. German proficiency is also present along the entire Jutland West coast, to some degree, as this region is popular with German visitors in the summer.

By plane
Billund Airport is the main airport on the peninsula, and number two in Denmark as a whole. It receives many international flights, and has direct connections with almost every major North European hub. Aalborg and Aarhus airports also see substantial traffic, with a few international routes. There are also several smaller regional airports dotted around Jutland with a couple of daily flights from Copenhagen.

By car
There are two ways to get into Jutland by car.
 * 1) By German autobahn A7, crossing the border at Frøslev
 * 2) By Swedish motorway E20, through the Oresund Bridge, the Great Belt Bridge and the Little Belt Bridge.

By boat
There are several ferry lines from southern Norway and Sweden to the northern half of Jutland. From across the North Sea and further west, the weekly ferry from Iceland and the Faroe Islands to mainland Europe arrives at Hirtshals. Domestically, from Zealand and Lolland, there are a couple of direct ferry "shortcuts" if you do not want to travel overland via Funen.

Get around
For intercity transportation in Jutland, there is a network of express buses dubbed XBus, which connects most major towns and cities on routes without or with little rail service. Prices are set according to distance, as a rule of thumb (while in no way completely accurate) expect to pay around dkk1/km.

See
In addition to cities, towns and nature, Jutland has many cultural and historic sites of interest, and these are among the most interesting to tourists:

North Jutland
Aalborg is the old historic urban center of North Jutland. Beautiful, old historic town center and plenty of culture, history, and entertainment around town.

| Voergaard Castle is a beautiful 16th century renaissance castle in the countryside, now a public museum.

Skagen is a small but old, and artsy, historic town on the top of Jutland with some unique surrounding nature. This includes Råbjerg Mile, one of the biggest migrating dunes in Europe. Rubjerg Knude is a former lighthouse in Løkken, standing 60 m above sea in up to 30-m-high sand dunes.

Beach hotels are numerous on the west coast in North Jutland, in fact this region have the highest concentration of beach hotels in the country.

North Sea Oceanarium in the coastal town of Hirtshals, offers you a chance to experience nature of the North Sea without getting wet.

Hanstholm Bunkermuseum is a large WWII museum in an abandoned bunker in the west coast fishing town of Hanstholm.

Læsø is an island in the Kattegat with a relaxing atmosphere and beautiful protected nature.

West Jutland
The HEART Herning Museum of Contemporary Art on the eastside of Herning exhibits prominent contemporary art by Danish and international artists. The building sits in a cluster of other interesting art exhibits.

East Jutland
Aarhus offers several museums, including the Old Town Museum (an outdoor living museum displaying typical Danish townscapes from medieval times to the present), the Moesgaard Museum (a vast prism of a building half-buried in a grassy hill with exhibitions on human evolution, prehistory, and cultures around the world), and ARoS (one of Denmark’s largest art museums).

The Aarhus Domkirke is a beautiful cathedral that is more than 800 years old, and the longest and the tallest in Denmark.

Himmelbjerget is an important and historic place for the founding of the modern democratic state of Denmark.

The Jelling stones near the town of Jelling are big runestones from the Viking Age, signifying the official founding of Denmark as a united kingdom and a Christian nation around 960 AD. One of eight UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Denmark.

South Jutland
Vadehavscentret is the visitor center for the Wadden Sea National Park area. Experience the Wadden Sea through the eyes of the migratory birds who depends on these vast tidal zones.

Tirpitz in Blåvand, west of Esbjerg, is an underground museum carved into the westcoast dunes at the abandoned Tirpitz Bunker from World War II. Experience the bunker's history, and other themes tied to the west coast of Jutland.

Entertainment
There are several amusement parks in Jutland: Fårup Sommerland in Blokhus, Djurs Sommerland, west of Grenå, Lalandia, a large family-oriented waterworld with locations in Billund and Søndervig, and Legoland in Billund.

Beaches
West coast beaches. Almost the entire western coastline of Jutland, from the Wadden Sea area in south to the Skagen spit in the north, presents amazing wide sandy beaches. In the autumn and winter, the weather and the wind from the Northsea can be rough and hard, but on sunny days in the summer, things are lovely and attracts a lot of visitors and beach-goers. Go to these spots to mingle:

Hiking
Even though Jutland, and all of Denmark really, is quite flat throughout, the nature and landscape is varied and presents several types of nature, each with their own charm. Hiking is a safe and pleasant activity in Jutland; there is no outright deadly animals or wildlife to look out for, really, and you are never far away from a town or settlement. A number of hiking routes highlights good nature experiences, and these are considered among the very best:

 * Himmelbjerget near Silkeborg is a towering hill of a staggering 147 metres. It is among the highest summits in all of Denmark, located in the lake high-lands region with several hilltops of similar scale. The hill, and surrounding area is of great historical importance in Denmark, as the birthplace of early modern democracy in the 1800s, and it offers a beautiful nature hike.
 * Hærvejen - Experience the nature and cultural variety of the entire Danish part of the Jutland peninsula along this 500 km trail from Hirtshals, or Frederikshavn, in the north to Padborg at the German border. Also know as 'The Ox Road', this route follows ancient trails used in olden times to transport cattle and soldiers to Germany. Hike individual parts, or the entire trail, designed for an 18 day trip.
 * Gendarmstien - Beautiful and varied coastal trail in the south-east of Jutland. At 84 km, and certified as a Leading Quality Trail (Best of Europe), this hike is designed for a five day journey and includes shelters and other amenities. It leads you through historic sites from the Stone Age to present times; the trail itself is named after the Danish Gendarmerie controlling the waters for smugglers from Germany in the 1800s.
 * Vestkyststien - Experience the wild northwest coast of Jutland on this 80 to 100 km hike. The trail starts off on the lowland isthmus of Agge Tange, a paradise for birds, and leads on through Nationalpark Thy with sandy dunes, heathlands, and some woodlands, all the way to the sea cliff of Bulbjerg in the north. Designed for a five day journey. Vestkyststien forms a part of the much larger Nordsøstien (see below).
 * Rebild Bakker Ruten - Short 11 km 1 day route through some astonishing terrain of heather-covered hills and deep woodland. Although it sounds as a short easy route, it covers steep hills, and you can shortcut at two spots to make it 8 or 4 km. The hiking trail was established in 2018, but has already been praised by ramblers' associations in both Denmark and Germany.
 * Kyst til Kyst Stien - Walk coast to coast, from Vejle to Blåvand, across the base of Jutland in a varied landscape, including river valleys, meadows, heathland, and historic sites. Top quality trail of more than 130 km all together, equipped with shelter and camping sites, running water and toilets. Fit for families, with easy access to shopping opportunities along the route.
 * Molsruten - 80-km trail through larger parts of the Mols Bjerge National Park, designed for a four day hike. Leading Quality Trail (Best of Europe) equipped with shelters and campingsites. Start off from the 700-year old Kalø Castle Ruin north of Aarhus, or from the old rural town of Ebeltoft. Extend your hike to Grenå or Aarhus if you like.
 * Nordsøstien - The Danish part of the huge international North Sea Trail, leads you along two-thirds of the Jutlandic coast. The international project has been abandoned, unfortunately, but nearly all of the Danish parts remains. Take the entire hike from the Danish-German border at Tønder (in the Wadden sea region), along the Jutland west coast, all the way to the Skaw Spit on the very top of Jutland, and down the Jutland east coast to the rural town of Ebeltoft, or enjoy shorter individual parts, such as the 46 km Bulbjerg-Tranum trail in North Jutland.
 * Mariagerfjord Panoramaruten - Short roundtrip route of only 10 km with some excellent panoramic views across a Danish fjord, a typical feature of the east-coast of Jutland. The hike is relatively easy, but some parts include steep ascends that tends to be muddy during or after rain. Start and end in the town of Hobro.
 * Hald Sø - One day hilly roundtrips at Hald Sø lake south of Viborg. About 20 km for the entire lake, but options for shorter routes on the west side, with more well-established trails. It is possible to take a dip in the lake at two spots, and the historic inn Niels Bugges Kro rents out rowboats. Amazing landscape vistas across the lake, including deciduous woodlands, heath and meadows.

Go next
Denmark is a gateway to the Nordic region, and in this respect, Jutland is a seafaring hub. From Jutland you can travel by ship to these Nordic destinations:

 * Sweden. Sail to Gothenburg from Frederikshavn, or to Halmstad from Grenå.

 * Norway. From Hirtshals, on the Northern tip of Jutland, you can sail to a handful of Norwegian towns, including Bergen, Stavanger, Kristiansand, and Larvik. From Frederikshavn, not far from Hirtshals, you can sail on to Oslo, the capital of Norway.

 * The Faroe Islands. Board a ship in Hirtshals and sail on to Torshavn, the main town on the Faroe Islands. This is the only port in Denmark servicing these remote and beautiful islands in the North Atlantic Ocean.

 * Iceland. Hirtshals also serves Seyðisfjörður by ferry. This is the only port in Denmark with a ferry service to Iceland.

title: Jutland


text:
Jyväskylä

Jyväskylä is a lively university city and the capital of Central Finland. About a third of the city's 148,000 inhabitants (2023) are students. Beautifully set between lakes and ridges, many motorsports fans are familiar with the city as the Neste Oil Rally of the World Rally Championships series takes place around the city each July. The works of the notable Finnish architect Alvar Aalto can be seen throughout the city.

Understand
Elias Lönnrot, the compiler of the Finnish national epic, the Kalevala, gave the city the nickname "Athens of Finland". This nickname refers to the major role of Jyväskylä as an educational centre: the "seminar" founded in 1863 was the first institution educating teachers in Finnish. The seminar later developed into a university, inaugurated in 1954. The city is home of the annual Jyväskylä Arts Festival.

There are 328 lakes in the municipality, and lakes and rivers constitute 20% of its total area.

Most of today's Jyväskylä was built after the Continuation War, when evacuees from territories ceded to the Soviet Union were settled in the city, and housing was badly needed.

 * Visit Jyväskylä website

By car
Jyväskylä is an important node in the Finnish highway network, and roads from many directions pass through it. These are the major ones:
 * Highway 4 comes from Lahti and Helsinki (south) and Oulu and Lapland (north).
 * Highway 9 comes from Tampere and Turku (south-west) and from Kuopio (north-east).
 * Highway 13 comes from Mikkeli (south-east) and from Kokkola (north-west)
 * Highway 18 comes from Vaasa (north-west)
 * Highway 23 comes from Pori (south-west) and from Varkaus (east)

By train
Jyväskylä is connected to the other Finnish cities by railroads. A normal train ticket between Helsinki and Jyväskylä for an adult costs around €50. Student discounts are only offered to those studying in Finland.

The (Jyväskylä travel centre, or Jyväskylän matkakeskus in Finnish) is open from 06:00 to 22:00 from Monday to Saturday and from 08:00 to 22:00 on Sundays. Train tickets are sold at ticket machines at all opening hours or you can buy the tickets online. Since 2021 there is no booking office.

By bus
Buses travel between Jyväskylä and other Finnish cities, as well as smaller destinations. Direct routes are available for example from Helsinki, Tampere, Turku, Lahti, Oulu, Kuopio, Lappeenranta, Mikkeli, Kajaani, Savonlinna, Joensuu and Kokkola. A bus ticket from Helsinki to Jyväskylä with one of the Matkahuolto associated bus companies will usually cost about €10-50, and can usually be bought from the driver. Online is recommended.

A discount bus operator Onnibus offers significantly cheaper intercity bus travel to and from Jyväskylä, though the tickets must be bought online.

Coming via Tallinn or Stockholm, there may be coach connections from the ports of Helsinki with arranged transfer, mostly via Kamppi. Coming via Turku harbour, there may be a direct service from the ferry terminal to Jyväskylä. If you come by plane, some services to Jyväskylä depart directly from Helsinki-Vantaa airport.

By plane
is a small airport 20 km from Jyväskylä centre. NyxAir flies from Helsinki. used by the Finnish air force with a base nearby, and their flight school. There are also some direct charter flights to popular holiday destinations.

You reach the city by taxi in 15–20 minutes. Calling a taxi from the airport is easy as there is a special Taxi Phone. A taxi will cost approx. €50–60 (2021) to get to the city centre.

By boat
Päijänne Cruises Hilden operates between Lahti and Jyväskylä and between Jyväskylä and Suolahti through the Keitele-Päijänne Canal.

Get around
Jyväskylä has invested in cycle and pedestrian routes. As the town centre is not big you might want to walk or cycle to see the sights. Almost 1/3 of the population of Jyväskylä are students who mainly use bicycles to get around in the central area. Roads are also in good condition. There are bicycle and car rentals in the city.

By bus
Local buses travel between the different parts and suburbs of Jyväskylä. You can use route planner.

Single tickets are sold by the bus driver. The basic fare for adults is €3 and for children €1.50 per trip (2021). The night fare (23:00-04:00) is €1 extra, often making a taxi a cheaper option when travelling in groups of three or more. If you need to change buses during the trip you have to show your receipt in the next bus within one hour from buying the ticket. Waltti mobile app can be used for ticket purchase.

Matkahuolto Routes and Tickets app is able to first plan the route and after it sell the right ticket for it.

If you plan to stay longer and want to use the bus service regularly, you might want to consider buying a bus card, which will be cheaper (much cheaper if you are a student living in Jyväskylä). A basic day ticket costs €8/6/4 (2021). A 30-day bus card costs ca €60 (without reduction) and it can be used as much as wanted during this 30-day period.

No matter which part of Jyväskylä you want to get to, there are approximately three buses leaving each hour during the daytime. However, during the summer months from June to August the frequency is reduced to two buses per hour, in some more remote villages there are no buses at all. You can buy the tickets at the Jyväskylä information centre on Asemakatu in the city centre.

By taxi
Taxis can be usually be found waiting at the Jyväskylän matkakeskus or other taxi poles in the centre of the city. If there are no taxis present, you have to call for one. The taxi service number in Jyväskylä area is. The starting cost in daytime M–Sa is €4 and at other times €7 (2021). The cost per travelled kilometre varies between €1.09 and €1.75 depending on the number of passengers and time of the day. The price list is always available in the taxis.

 * Smartphone apps: 02 Taksi, Cabo, Uber
 * Smartphone apps: 02 Taksi, Cabo, Uber
 * Smartphone apps: 02 Taksi, Cabo, Uber
 * Smartphone apps: 02 Taksi, Cabo, Uber
 * Smartphone apps: 02 Taksi, Cabo, Uber
 * Smartphone apps: 02 Taksi, Cabo, Uber

By electric kick scooter
German Tier, Swedish Voi and American Bird rent electric kick scooters for use in the centre. Tier has also electric bicycles.

See

Jyväskylä has many buildings by the famous architect Alvar Aalto. These include kaupunginteatteri (City Theatre), some buildings in the main campus of the university and the Alvar Aalto Museum.

Museums
Exhibitions and art museums: Admission is free on winter Fridays to Jyväskylä Art Museum, Craft Museum of Finland and Museum of Central Finland. Ask for a student discount, though often a Finnish student card is necessary. The national Museum Card gives free admission in most museums.

Nature trails
There are several recreational 'nature paths' in Jyväskylä. They are mainly situated in forest areas.

Do
The city's web site has an event calendar for current and upcoming events.

 * Laajavuori nature trail and other trails for hiking, cycling, riding etc. Part of the Laajavuori area is protected.
 * Laajavuori nature trail and other trails for hiking, cycling, riding etc. Part of the Laajavuori area is protected.
 * Laajavuori nature trail and other trails for hiking, cycling, riding etc. Part of the Laajavuori area is protected.

Winter activities

Equipment can be found at some second-hand shops and flea markets, in addition to sport shops. See Buy below. Equipment for hire in Laajavuori.

Swimming and beaches
Jyväskylä has plenty of lakes and these provide nice opportunities for swimming and general beach activities during the warm summer months. Some of them offer ice swimming during the winter.

Buy
During the summer, the marketplace (Yliopistonkatu 15) is a good place to visit if you want fresh vegetables or fish, flowers or craft items.

You'll definitely want to look for shopping opportunities at the Jyväskylä pedestrian street Kauppakatu.

Second-hand bookshops
There are three antiquarian book stores in Kauppakatu.

Flea markets
There is also a few flea markets worth visiting in Jyväskylä.

The second-hand equipment for winter sports (ice-skates and skis) may be bought for example from SPR fleamarket in Palokka or Jyväskylä Sportti-Divari.

 * Keskustan Kirppis, Vapaudenkatu 40-42. A popular self-service flea market right in the centre of the city.
 * Keskustan Kirppis, Vapaudenkatu 40-42. A popular self-service flea market right in the centre of the city.

Eat
It's cheap to have lunch at the student restaurants. They are scattered all over the university area. With a Finnish student card it costs about €2.6. Without the card it costs about €5.5. There are many pizzerias offering large pizzas for as cheap as €5, guaranteed to fill your belly.
 * Student restaurants:

Drink
Alko shop (wine, strong beer and spirits) e.g. in the Sokos department store on Kauppakatu.

Pubs, Bars and Nightclubs
Nightlife is centred in the downtown part of Kauppakatu and cross streets, some also in the uptown part of Kauppakatu, near the University. As most of the bars are situated on Kauppakatu or very close to it, pub crawls can be easily arranged in Jyväskylä. Start from Yläkaupunki and work your way down to the clubs in Alakaupunki!

Alakaupunki (Downtown)
A large number of bars, restaurants and nightclubs are located around the pedestrian district. Cheaper places in this area include Bar Explosive and Bar Passion. Suggested establishments:

Yläkaupunki (Uptown)
If you prefer a more laid-back night scene than euro-disco hell, walk uphill along Kauppakatu until you are past the church. This is where Yläkaupunki begins. Suggested establishments:

Sleep
There are a few hotels in the vicinity of the train station. All the major hotel chains (Scandic, Cumulus, Sokos) can also be found in the city.

Budget

 * Time Hostel
 * Time Hostel

Connect
The city of Jyväskylä does not offer a free wifi as such. However, e.g. every library in the city has both computers with internet access free, and free wifi. Usually the wifi password is written on a sign somewhere but you can ask any librarian, as they all speak English. Many companies offer free wifi.

Restaurants and bars also have wifi connections for customers, but a password is usually needed and must specifically be asked for.

Stay safe
The crime rate in Jyväskylä is generally low. However, it's best to avoid obviously drunk people during weekend nights after the bars close. Long queuing for taxis or late night snack sometimes frustrate some partygoers to seek fighting opponents. Sometimes this results to a temporary conversion from a pedestrian district to fighting arena, but the common sight of patrolling police makes the occurrences more rare. Despite this, walking on the streets at night (or any time of day) is safe.

In the winter time the streets might be slippery and that it is mandatory by traffic law to wear a reflector during the dark period.

Go next

 * Laukaa — a neighboring municipality with lots of lakes, nature reserves and activities.
 * Petäjävesi — in this town 40km to the west you can visit a UNESCO World Heritage Site: the magnificent example of rural building skills and peasant art in the old Petäjävesi church.

title: Jyväskylä


text:
Ka'u

Ka'u is the largest district on the Big Island of Hawaii between Puna and Kona, consisting mostly of lava fields, grasslands and agricultural exports including Ka'u Coffee, macadamia nuts, and oranges. Volcanoes National Park lies both in the districts of Ka'u and Puna. South Point and Punalu'u Black Sand Beach are notable areas to travelers, as well as Kula Kai Caverns in Ocean View and the Punalu'u Bakeshop in Na'alehu.

Naalehu is the southernmost town in the United States.

Get in
Highway 11 is the only available highway to take you all the way through Ka'u from South Kona to Hilo.

Buy
Interesting and cheap stuff at the Ocean View Swap Meet on Saturday Mornings.

title: Ka'u


text:
Kaafu

Kaafu is a region of the Maldives, which covers North Male Atoll, South Male Atoll and the islands of Kaashidhoo and Gaafaru.

Cities

 * — the capital city. The airport island Hulhule is located nearby.
 * — artificial island near Male

Understand
Surrounding both the capital Male and its airport, North and South Male have seen the heaviest amount of tourist development in the country. Practically all uninhabited islands of this atoll became tourist resorts during the two final decades of the 20th century; Club Med and Sheraton are two of the companies with resorts there.

Get in
Practically all visitors fly into Velana International Airport, near the capital island Malé. from where all resorts in Kaafu are accessible from Velana International Airport in an hour by speedboat or 15 minutes by Seaplane.

Do
Scuba diving and snorkelling are the main activities.

Sleep
All resorts listed here are on private islands.

Splurge

Go next
Most resorts run shopping and sightseeing excursions to Male.
 * Maafushi
 * Gulhi
 * Vilingili

title: Kaafu


text:
Kaanapali

Kaanapali is a small town on the Island of Maui in Hawaii. It's located on Maui's Western shore, close to Lahaina, and is one of Maui's main tourist destinations.

Understand
The population was 1,250 at the 2010 census. The master-planned town is in the Old Hawaii ahupuaa of Hanakaʻōʻō, as in the same name of the southern end of Kaanapali Beach's Hanakaʻōʻō Canoe Beach.

Get in
Ka`anapali is about 10 minutes' drive by car from Lahaina as well as the Kapalua-West Maui Airport and about 45 minutes' drive from Kahului Airport, the main airport on the island, where the vast majority of travelers arrive. Route 30 is a road that connects Kaanapali with Lahaina and Kahului.

Most major car rental companies have stations in north Ka`anapali (on Honoapi`ilani Hwy. between Ka`anapali Resort and Kapalua-West Maui Airport) and at the Kahului Airport terminal on Mokuea Pl. in Kahului.

By car
Most visitors to Maui rent a car. The budget constrained can take buses and shuttles and the adventurous can rent a geared bicycle.

Cars can be rented in Kahului Airport (all major rental companies have offices there) or in other locations throughout the island. Most hotels usually provide parking for their guests only, sometimes for an additional fee. Parking is available at the Whaler's Village shopping center, for a fee, but they will validate your ticket in stores and restaurants. If you go to one of the hotels for a luau, there is usually parking for the event, also for a fee in most cases.

By bus
There is a shuttle between main Kaanapali hotels and Whaler's Village center. The local bus is $1 per ride. (You can take a Sugar Cane Train between Kaanapali and Lahaina, but this should be done for entertainment only.)

By bicycle
You can rent a bicycle locally, or bring your own bicycle (folding bikes usually can be carried in a bag as luggage without attracting any extra charges). The main roads have paved shoulders marked as "Bike Route", and motorists are fairly relaxed.

By foot
You can use a beautiful path along the beach to walk between major hotels.

Buy
There are a lot of shops and stores at

Go next

 * Lahaina

title: Kaanapali


text:
Kaarina

Kaarina (Swedish: Sankt Karins) is a town in the Finland Proper region of Finland, about 10 km east of Turku.

Understand
The municipality is named after the Katariina church that in turn is named after Catherine of Alexandria (Saint Catherine of the Wheel).

From a rural community, Kaarina has grown to 32,000 inhabitants and has been a town since 1993. Many of the inhabitants work in Turku. Though officially monolingual, Kaarina has a growing Swedish minority of about 5%, with its own primary school.

The former main village of Kaarina (Nummi) has been part of Turku since 1939. The present municipality of Kaarina has a few distinct centres. Kuusisto was annexed to Kaarina in 1946 and Piikkiö in 2009. Littoinen was the biggest settlement in the 1960s, with some industry and a train station (on the Turku–Helsinki railway, now out of use). The modern centre is where the road to the archipelago (Saaristotie, Skärgårdsvägen) used to start, by the then main road to Helsinki.

The remains of a 12th-century church were found in Ravattula in 2013. This is the oldest known church in Finland. The Kaarina parish is mentioned 1309 and the wooden predecessor of the Katariina church was taken into use in 1351.

Get in and around
Kaarina is well connected to Turku. The former main road from Helsinki (now regional road 110) passes by Kaarina centre. The motorway from Helsinki (highway 1) also goes through Kaarina, but at a distance from the centre. Highway 10 (from Hämeenlinna) passes through the northern parts of the municipality (by Auranlaakso). E18 deviates from highway 1 in Piikkiö and follows the Turku bypass (highway 40) to Naantali, passing by Auranlaakso and Ravattula in northern Kaarina.

Kaarinantie leads from highway 10 (Hämeentie) in the north through Auranlaakso, west of Littoinen and over the Helsinki highways. It then becomes Saaristotie, which continues southwards, passing east of the centre and over the island Kuusisto, and leads to Pargas and farther out in the archipelago. The other main roads for getting around in Kaarina are highway 110 (Uudenmaantie) and Pyhän Katariinan tie, the latter leading westward from the centre.

The Turku guide map includes Kaarina, with map layers for bus lines, biking routes etc.

By bus
Most coaches from Helsinki to Turku (even many express ones) leave the motorway in Kaarina and use road 110 for driving into Turku, stopping at "Krossi", "Paraisten tienhaara" and "Piispanristi", the former on Kaarinantie, the latter two on Uudenmaantie by Kaarina centre and by the border to Turku, respectively. See Matkahuolto.

Kaarina takes part in the Turku region "Föli" bus cooperation, which means bus tickets are treated as if Kaarina were part of the same municipality as Turku, Raisio, Naantali, Rusko and Lieto. Most regional buses (such as to Pargas, Kimito and Salo – look for line numbers or a "Föli" sign) can be used with the same tickets as long as you board and get off in the Föli area. A single ticket with two hours unlimited transfer paid by card costs €3 (children 7–14 €1.50). For other ticket options, see Turku#By bus.

The main bus lines from Turku to Kaarina centre are number 801 (Turku to Pargas) and 7 (from Naantali via Turku, with a detour to Koristo). Also e.g. lines 700, 701, 703–708 and 720–723 to Piikkiö pass by Kaarina centre and can be used in the same manner; line 701 continues to Toivonlinna of Piikkiö, 703–708 and 720–723 continue to Paimio and some of them beyond. Lines 2B and 2C go from Turku to Littoinen, line 6 from Naantali via Turku along road 10 to Lieto (lines 612, 614 and 615 start from Puutori in Turku and continue from Lieto). Internal buses (often minibuses) have a number prefixed by "K". Some of these latter zigzag by any residential areas on their way, so are good for a kind of sightseeing, but not very fast, and have limited schedules. K1 and K3 drive from Auranlaakso via Littoinen to Kaarina centre and K2 serves areas south of road 110, including Lemu and Kuusisto.

The Föli route planner is useful for getting around by bus in Kaarina.

By bike
Kaarina has good bike routes mostly as needed. Distances are suitable for bike trips, but for getting around you have to budget quite some time, as the points of interest are spread around.

The map at kartta.turku.fi can show biking routes: open the layers menu in the upper left corner, choose Traffic, then Bicycle paths, and use the check boxes. Regional biking route 9 goes from Turku along Hämeentie by Auranlaakso to Lieto, route 10 from Turku via Littoinen and Pyydysmäki to Piikkiö, route 11 along Uudenmaantie via Kaarina centre and Piikkiö to Paimio (Eurovelo 10 "Baltic Sea" probably follows this one), route 22 from Auranlaakso via Littoinen and Kaarina centre to Pargas, the Archipelago Trail (in the map: "small ring route") from Turku via Kaarina centre and Pargas farther out in the archipelago. At least these routes are well signposted.

By taxi

 * Taxidata, Taksi Länsi-Suomi, iTaksi: see Turku
 * Smartphone apps: Valopilkku, 02 Taksi

See

Buy
Some shopping in the centre.

Eat
There are hamburgers, kebab, pizza and Chinese food available in Kaarina centre, and even a Nepali lunch restaurant. For fine dining, however, the common solution is to go to Turku. Nice dinners are also available in some former manors and similar businesses (see Sleep below).

Drink
Some pubs and cafés, most people go to Turku for nightlife.

Go next

 * Kaarina is a good starting point for the Archipelago Trail – head south along regional road 180 towards Pargas.
 * The King's Road comes from Turku and continues along the southern coast.
 * The river Aurajoki leads through Ravattula in northern Kaarina and provides a nice route for biking or walking to Turku centre, passing by the ancient church site in Ristimäki and some Bronze or Stone Age sites (little of these is visible though). The route passes close to the crossroads of highways 10 and 40 in Auranlaakso.
 * The river Aurajoki leads through Ravattula in northern Kaarina and provides a nice route for biking or walking to Turku centre, passing by the ancient church site in Ristimäki and some Bronze or Stone Age sites (little of these is visible though). The route passes close to the crossroads of highways 10 and 40 in Auranlaakso.

title: Kaarina