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Cyprus

Cyprus (Greek: Κύπρος, Turkish: Kıbrıs) is an island in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, south of Turkey. It is one of the world’s oldest civilisations, with a history of over 11,000 years. Cyprus offers lots of archaeological sites, hiking trails through cedar forests, kilometres and kilometres of gorgeous beaches, and 300 days of sun a year.

The Republic of Cyprus, a member of the European Union, holds international recognition and governs the southern territory. Meanwhile, the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (covered in a separate article) functions as a separate country.

Regions
Cyprus is divided into 6 provinces, each named after its provincial capital. Since 1974, the whole of Kyrenia province, most of Famagusta province, and the northern portion of Nicosia province have been under Turkish military control. The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus administers those areas. The Republic of Cyprus administers the following provinces:

Cities
''Cypriot cities have a variety of historical spellings and writings, all in fairly common use, and which change according to the context, whether it be Greek Cypriot, Turkish or English. The following list emphasizes traditional English spellings, that will most often be encountered by the traveller.''

 * (Greek: Λευκωσία or Lefkosia; Turkish: Lefkoşa) – the divided capital
 * (Greek: Αγία Νάπα or Agia Napa; Turkish: Aya Napa) – in the far east of the Republic, considered by many to be the main party town of Cyprus
 * (Greek: Λάρνακα or Larnaka; Turkish: İskele)
 * (Greek: Λεμεσός or Lemesos; Turkish: Limasol or Leymosun)
 * (Greek: Πάφος or Pafos; Turkish: Baf)

Other destinations

 * (Greek: Ακάμας, Turkish: Akama)
 * (Greek: Τρόοδος, Turkish: Trodos Dağları)
 * (Greek: Λεύκαρα) – The Lace village, in the foothills of the Troodos Mountains, a charming little town with lots of character, in the heart of Cyprus.
 * (Greek:Χοιροκοιτία) – A world heritage listed archaeological site from the Neolithic age.

Modern history
Cyprus has a complex political history that has left a lasting impact on the island.

After gaining independence from the United Kingdom in 1960, the Cypriot Constitution was created to ensure power-sharing between the Greek Cypriot majority and the Turkish Cypriot minority. However, tensions between the two groups escalated in 1974 when Greece and Turkey became involved in the conflict. As a result, Turkey ended up occupying 40% of the island, resulting in the establishment of the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" (TRNC) in 1983.

The TRNC is recognised only by Turkey, while all other governments and the United Nations recognise only the government of the Republic of Cyprus over the whole island. In order to maintain peace, the UN operates a peacekeeping force and a narrow buffer zone between the two Cypriot ethnic groups.

Whilst hostilities have been absent for some time, the island remains divided. However, the involvement of the European Union has led to increased efforts towards reunification between the two sides.

Climate
Subtropical Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters in the lowlands. Continental with warm, dry summers and cold, snowy winters in the mountains.

Terrain
Central plain with mountains to north and south (often used for skiing); scattered but significant plains along southern coast.

Culture
The two major ethnic groups in Cyprus are Greeks and Turks.

The majority of Cypriots are Greek Cypriots, who have long controlled Cyprus's political, economic, and cultural sectors. Greek Cypriot culture is distinguished by a rich culinary legacy as well as a thriving music and dance scene. The majority of Greek Cypriots are Orthodox Christians.

In contrast, Turkish Cypriot culture is heavily influenced by Turkey. Turkish Cypriots make up around one-fifth of the population and have historically been sidelined in Cyprus's political and economic arenas. Virtually all Turkish Cypriots are Muslims.

Armenian Cypriots are a small but significant minority in Cyprus, with a population of approximately 3,500 people. They are descended from Armenian immigrants who settled in Cyprus during the Ottoman period. Despite their small numbers, Armenian Cypriots have played an important role in Cyprus's social and political landscape.

Visitor information

 * Visit Cyprus

By plane
Cyprus' main airport in the south is and is on the outskirts of Larnaka.

Cyprus' main airport in the north is and is on the outskirts of Nicosia. It may be illegal to use for you, check below.

was the previous main international airport. It is SW of Nicosia in the Green Line separating the Greek and Turkish parts of Cyprus; it has been out of use since 1974.

Cyprus is served by a variety of carriers. There are flight connections from most major European cities, e.g. London, Birmingham, Manchester, Frankfurt, Paris, Amsterdam, Rome, Milan) and many Eastern European countries. There are also connections from almost all Middle Eastern capitals. There are no flights from Turkey to the south, although you can fly there with Aegean Air with only a short connection in Athens.

There is a frequent and cheap (€2.40 during the day and €4.00 after 21:00 in Apr 2024, cash is a preferred method of payment) public bus connection from the airport into central Larnaca, but it is poorly signposted. The bus stop is at the departure hall level (upstairs) and shows a sign with a series of three digit bus numbers. You would look for bus number 425. Buses go to "Finikoudes", at the beach in Larnaca where buses to other destinations in Cyprus leave (see "getting around" section). The last bus leaves at 23:55.

There is also a direct Larnaca Airport to Nicosia Bus service provided by Kapnos Airport Shuttle. The journey takes around 30-45 minutes, and a one way ticket costs €8 per person. There are buses throughout the night. More information about the service and the timetable can be found at the bus service website.

There are also charter and low-coster flights to west of Paphos.

By boat
Regular passenger ferries from Greece returned in 2022, after a 20-year hiatus. Scandro Holding operates a ferry between Piraeus and Limassol. Crossings are 1-2 times per week during the summer months and fortnightly off-season.

Cyprus is also a very popular destination for cruises, however only a few companies offers the possibility to disembark mid journey. You may also catch a freighter from Italy, Portugal, Southampton and various other European ports, providing you with the opportunity to bring a vehicle to Cyprus throughout the year.

There are regular ferries between Kyrenia ("Girne") in Northern Cyprus and Taşucu in Turkey all year, and from Alanya and Mersin summer only. It may be illegal to use for you, check below.

Travelling to and from the north
Prior to Cyprus's accession to European Union, evidence of entry to Northern Cyprus resulted in denial of entry to the Greek part of Cyprus at the very least. After the accession, and according to EU legislation that considers Cyprus to have been admitted in full, an entry to the Turkish part is formally an entry to whole Cyprus and must therefore not result in any disadvantage to EU citizens. Citizens of non-EU member states (as, for instance, US/UK/Turkish citizens) must enter the island via one of the legal, according to the Republic of Cyprus, entry points (i.e. entry points in the southern part of the island) regardless of whether they want to visit the southern part or not.

Different entities and web pages claim different things. There are examples (from 2012) of people entering Northern Cyprus from Turkey, crossing the border with the south without any problems, although it was noticed when leaving Cyprus. There are legends about other people (not US/UK/AU nationals) getting EU-wide entry ban or having their naturalization requests denied after entering or exiting the island via the north, regardless of whether they visited the south or not. As of 2022, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs says the following about all airports and ports: "The legal points of entry to the Republic of Cyprus are the intenational airports of Larnaca and Paphos and the ports of Larnaca, Limassol, Latsi and Paphos, which are situated in the area under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus. Entry to the territory of the Republic of Cyprus via any other port or airport in the area of Cyprus in which the Government of the Republic does not exercise effective control (Turkish occupied area) is illegal."

The main crossings between the south and north are:
 * Astromerits/Zodhia (by car only)
 * Agios Dometios/Kermia/Metehan
 * Ledra Palace (by car or foot) - the oldest crossing, just outside the walls of old Nicosia to the west of the city
 * Pergamos/Beyarmudu
 * Strovilia near Agios Nikolaos - at the eastern part of the island
 * Ledras Str. (foot only) - a pedestrian crossing at the old dead-end of the most popular street of Nicosia.

In 2012, crossing the green line was very simple. The visa form to be completed is very basic (barely usable as a souvenir!) and requires only the name, the nationality and the passport (or identity card) number to be entered. Then it is stamped, and the whole procedure should take no more than three minutes. Upon return, it is stamped again. As of 2017, passports are not stamped but still required to cross.

Get around
Public transportation in Cyprus has been revamped with all new buses in Nicosia. Still, most Cypriots drive. There are no railways in Cyprus.

Addresses in Cyprus are not very precise; locals, Google Maps, utility providers, and delivery services may all disagree and what the exact number of a house is. There may be multiple streets with the same street in the city, kilometers apart. Addresses are used for formalities only, navigation is typically done via either exact pins in Google Maps, or house names, or points of interests nearby.

By bus
There is a comprehensive network of bus routes that cover all Cyprus. Use Cyprus By Bus or Pame (newer) to plan your journey using buses in Cyprus. The prices on CyprusByBus in English may not be up to date. As an alternative for public transportation routing you can try Moovit, although it does not have real-time information about buses. Google Maps does not have public transportation information.

Bus stops are best found in the Cyprus By Bus or the newer Pame application. Stops names may refer to long-gone local streets and buildings, sometimes streets with same names reappear in other corners of the city. There may be multiple stops with the same name close to each other, all for different services.

Bus schedule only specifies departure from the initial stop, there are no estimations on when a bus may arrive to your stop, except real-time tracking in the Cyprus By Bus or Pame application (not on the website). Busses tend to cease operation in the early evening for the vast majority of routes.

 * Buses by city: Lefkosia, Limassol, Pafos, Larnaka, Ammochostos, Intercity Buses

 * Larnaca Airport Shuttle services: Larnaca airport to Nicosia, Larnaca airport to Limassol
 * Paphos Airport Shuttle services: Paphos airport to Nicosia, Paphos airport to Limassol

On the Turkish side, buses are more frequent (and smaller). In Nicosia, they depart from stops at the street north of the northern gate. Prices are similar to prices on the Greek side of Cyprus. Beware that return tickets may not be valid on all buses on the Turkish side.

InterCity buses
Buses between major cities go daily at different times, typically hourly/bihourly between 06:00 and 21:00. All buses are sit-only, typically green, and have air conditioning and a luggage compartment below. You're allowed to store a bike there only as long as it fits together with the remaining luggage.

Although Cyprus By Bus may have schedule for InterCity buses, it's better to double-check with printed schedules on stops and the InterCity Buses website.

By shared taxi
Services run every half-hour or so from 06:00 or 07:00, but terminate at 17:00 or 18:00 on the dot. You can book a taxi to pick you up anywhere and ask to be dropped off anywhere in city limits; the flip side is that it will often take you longer to get in or out of the city than the journey itself! Figure on £4-6 for a taxi ride on any of these, with an increased price on Sundays and holidays. Also known as a service taxi.

By car
Car hire is the easiest (but the most expensive) way to get around the island. Companies will typically not rent cars for fewer than three days, although some international vendors (Budget) will offer one or two day service for a high fee. Renting in advance can be beneficial as walk-in options are obviously limited to available cars. An alternative to traditional car hire is RideNow, an app-based rental service available to European license holders and a good option for travel within cities. As a former British colony, Cyprus drives on the left side of the road. However, driving standards are poor. Drivers attack their art with an equal mix of aggressiveness and incompetence and view road rules as mere guidelines. Some main roads do not even have road markings and people often sound their horn, especially in Nicosia. Take care when crossing the roads, and even greater care when driving on them. If you are involved in an accident, do not move any of the involved cars, call your rental company and wait for an insurance adjuster to arrive at the scene. Unregistered and uninsured cars on the road are not unusual, and if you are involved in an accident with one of these vehicles the driver may try give you a phone number before fleeing the scene. Instruct them to leave their car where it is and threaten to call the police if they still insist on leaving, otherwise you may be liable for an accident that was not your fault. Highways are generally of excellent condition and quite traversable, but other roads vary greatly in quality. Be sure to keep left unless overtaking on highways, and expect to be aggressively tail-gated in the right lane unless moving 20 or 30 km/h over the 100 km/h signed limit. Fixed speed and red light cameras can be found in the middle of multiple major cities, particularly Nicosia and Limassol. Mobile speed cameras in white vans are sometimes parked along highways, and their locations usually reported by users on the Waze navigation app. Take care to avoid traffic enforcement cameras as authorities are pursuing tourists who accrue fines in rental vehicles more aggressively in recent times. As with surrounding countries, rental cars frequently use diesel fuel and manual transmission rentals are cheaper than automatic transmission, although typically only by a few euro.

See

 * The many archaeological and antiquities sites scattered around the island, dating from the New Stone Age through to the Roman Empire
 * The beautiful coastline of the island, still quite unspoilt in many places, is well worth exploring
 * Nicosia, the capital as it has a wealth of history, preserved Venetian walls surrounding the city, some wonderful bars and restaurants within the old walls of the city and of course the 'green line', the dividing line with the Turkish part of Cyprus, which cuts through the centre of Nicosia, now the only divided capital
 * The Troodos mountains, rising as high as 1,952 metres, offering some beautiful trail walks and also quaint little villages such as Kakopetria, Platres and Phini. In winter there is the chance to ski there and the ski resort is being developed
 * Paphos harbor and archeological park. Nearby Rock of Aphrodite can be a beautiful scene for picnics

 * Hamam Omerye in Nicosia is a 14th-century building restored to operate again as a hammam for all to enjoy, relax and rejuvenate. Dating back to French rule and located in the heart of Nicosia's old town is Hamam Omerye, a working example of Cyprus' rich culture and diversity, stone struggle, yet sense of freedom and flexibility. The site's history dates back to the 14th century, when it stood as an Augustinian church of St Mary. Stone-built, with small domes, it is chronologically placed at around the time of Frankish and Venetian rule, approximately the same time that the city acquired its Venetian Walls. In 1571, Mustapha Pasha converted the church into a mosque, believing that this particular spot is where the prophet Omer rested during his visit to Lefkosia. Most of the original building was destroyed by Ottoman artillery, although the door of the main entrance still belongs to the 14th-century Lusignan building, whilst remains of a later Renaissance phase can be seen at the north-eastern side of the monument. In 2003, the EU funded a bi-communal UNDP/UNOPS project, "Partnership for the Future", in collaboration with Nicosia Municipality and Nicosia Master Plan, to restore the Hamam Omerye Bath, revitalising its spirit and sustaining its historical essence. The hamam is still in use, and after a restoration project, it has become a favourite place for relaxation in Lefkosia. In 2006 it received the Europa Nostra prize for the Conservation of Architectural Heritage.
 * There are over 60 churches scattered across Cyprus with wall paintings, of which the ten churches in Troodos Mountains are inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List as Painted Churches in the Troödos Region.

Do

 * Mixed-religion couples from countries such as Israel, Lebanon and Syria, who do not have access to non-religious marriage ceremonies at home, often choose Cyprus for wedding travel, as they can tie the knot in a same-day civil ceremony.
 * The Limassol Carnival is held every year on the Sunday before Ash Monday. Thousands fill the central streets of Limassol in various costumes to join a parade, dance, drink and spray each other with string in a can. Family-friendly event worth a look if in Cyprus at the time.

Talk
The official languages of the island are Greek and Turkish.

Greek is spoken by 80-85% of the population, serves as the mother tongue of Greek Cypriots and is mainly spoken in Southern Cyprus.

Cypriot Greek and the Greek spoken in Greece have many similarities, but there are some distinct differences between the two dialects. The Cypriot dialect includes many loanwords from Turkish, Arabic, and English.

Turkish, spoken by 15-20% of the population, is primarily spoken in Northern Cyprus and is the mother tongue of Turkish Cypriots.

The most generally taught foreign language is English, a remnant of British colonial rule, and as many as 70-80% of Cypriots can speak English - less so in Northern Cyprus. English usually serves as people's second language.

Other commonly spoken languages are Russian (especially in Limassol), as well as French and German.

Costs
Cyprus has always been a relatively expensive destination. Except for some agricultural products, practically everything has to be imported. The cost of living in Cyprus is comparable to Central Europe, especially in the tourist areas. Price examples: National Beer cost €3 to €3.50, a pack of cigarettes €4, a hamburger €5-7, squids about €10, a steak around €20. Away from the tourist hotels and beaches the prices are much more moderate.

Money
€

Northern Cyprus uses Turkish lira (TRY). Euros are generally also accepted in the tourist centres, but at the unfavourable rate of €1 buying 10 TRY rather than 14 TRY. There are many ATMs in the north too.

Things to buy

 * Cypriot wine - the iconic local variety known as Commandaria is strong, sweet and somewhat akin to Porto wine
 * Lacework of an intricate nature - from the village of Lefkara.
 * Zivania - a strong spirit based alcoholic drink
 * Filfar - the traditional Cyprus orange liqueur
 * Leather goods such as shoes and handbags
 * Jewellery

Eat
Palouzes is a pudding made with grape juice, flour and different flavorings. Kiofterka are made from any leftover pudding. They cut it into pieces, dehydrate it, and the result is a hard but chewy thing.
 * Cypriot meze (appetizers akin to Spanish tapas) are an art form, and some restaurant serve nothing but. Meze are available in a meat variety or fish variety but quite often come as a mixed batch, which is rather pleasing.
 * Kleftiko roasted lamb with flavours of herbs and lemon.
 * Halloumi (Hellim) is a uniquely Cypriot cheese, made from a mix of cow's and sheep's milk. Hard and salty when raw, it mellows and softens when cooked and is hence often served grilled.
 * Taramosalata is traditionally made out of taramas, the salted roe of the cod or carp. The roe is either mixed with bread crumbs or mashed potatoes. Parsley, onion, lemon juice, olive oil and vinegar are added and it is seasoned with salt and pepper.
 * Tahini
 * Shoushoukos is a traditional sweet made out of grape juice. A series of almonds are threaded with a needle and they are then dipped into the grape juice several times until it becomes quite thick.
 * Palouzes and kiofterka are both traditional sweets made out of grape juice.

Sleep
There are countless hotels and hotel apartments of varying degrees of luxury within Cyprus. Some of the hotels are: Kefalos Beach Tourist Village, Holiday Inn, Le Meridien, Hilton, Elias Beach Hotel. Alternative self-catering accommodation is offered in restored traditional houses in picturesque villages all over Cyprus through the government Agrotourism initiative.

Work
Cyprus' climate and natural advantages mean that there is always a steady supply of travellers seeking employment and residency on the island. Perhaps the biggest change that has occurred has been the accession of southern Cyprus to the European Union on 1 May 2004, opening up new employment opportunities for European citizens.

The burgeoning Cypriot tourism industry, however, means that there is a huge seasonal demand for temporary workers of most nationalities during the summer months, with a definite preference for English-speaking workers in order to service the very large numbers of British tourists. The Greek Cypriot south remains the best overall bet for jobs, as the South is where the majority of the tourist trade is located. The Turkish North is much harder to get work in as a traveler, as the local economy is in a precarious position and high local unemployment means competition for work is fierce.

Seasonal employment will most probably involve working in one of the countless bars, hotels and resort complexes of the south. Such work is usually poorly paid, but accommodation is often thrown in as some compensation and the Cypriot lifestyle usually makes up for low wages. Many holiday companies employ 'reps' (representatives) and marketing staff to assist their operations on the island - this work is usually more financially rewarding.

Teaching English as a Foreign Language (EFL) is another worthwhile option, well paid though often difficult to find.

Finally, Cyprus' ongoing construction boom in tourism infrastructure results in a demand for skilled builders and tradespeople.

Learn
If you are considering an extended stay on the island, there are a number of educational courses that you can take. Popular options include Greek language courses and arts courses. Most will have a tuition fee attached, and EU nationals should not have any visa problems. If you are from outside the EU, you will need to speak to individual colleges/organisations about visa requirements.

Stay safe
Cyprus is a remarkably safe country, with low crime rates. Cars and houses frequently go unlocked. That said however, it is wise to be careful when accepting drinks from strangers, especially in Ayia Napa, since there have been numerous occasions of muggings.

Note also that the numerous Cypriot "cabarets" are not what their name implies but rather brothels associated with organized crime.

The hunting season in Cyprus is from November till February. There are around 59,000 hunters with licences. On Sundays and Wednesdays you have to be careful when going for a walk in the countryside. Note that many hunters don't respect the areas where hunting is forbidden. Cypriot hunters are known to drink alcohol before and during hunting. Keep your dogs and children safe.

Cypriot authorities have a poor track record of informing foreign embassies, consulates and high commissions when foreigners are arrested. Assert your right to have your home country informed of your arrest or detention if necessary.

Stay healthy
Tap water in Cyprus is potable, but can have an unpleasant taste and may give you an upset stomach at first because of the minerals content.

Respect
Generally speaking, both Greek and Turkish Cypriots have a reputation for being hospitable to foreign visitors.

The various respect tips found in the Greece and Turkey articles may be of help when communicating with Cypriots.

General

 * Cypriots are generally direct communicators. They are generally comfortable with expressing their opinions openly and clearly. Further, Cypriots often take their time when speaking and can draw out conversations.
 * Show respect to the elderly and authority figures; do not yawn in front of them, do not use foul language in front of them, and do not do anything that would make them feel challenged.
 * Cypriots place a huge emphasis on family values. Be mindful of that when conversing with Cypriots.
 * It is common for Cypriots to ask you direct personal questions. Cypriots do this to get to know you better.
 * Cypriots value transparency and loyalty. Don't promise something if you don't plan on following through with it. Don't say something if you don't mean it. Don't say "next time" if there isn't going to be a "next time".

Things to do

 * Try to demonstrate that you're dependable. If a Cypriot asks you for a favour, try to follow through with it.
 * Try to be as honest as possible with Cypriots. Indirectness and wishy-washiness aren't appreciated in Cyprus. Remember: to Cypriots, their word is their bond and they will hold you to the same standard.
 * Try to demonstrate interest in the people around you. You can easily make a friend or two by doing this.
 * Try to demonstrate an interest in the country. Cypriots appreciate the many few that show interest in their country. Political discussions are common and Cypriots take politics seriously.

Things to avoid

 * If you have been invited to a Cypriot home, do not refuse anything that has been offered to you; it can be seen as insulting to the host.
 * Show absolute respect when discussing the country's division. Since the 1970s, the island has been divided into two and every Cypriot has strong views about it.
 * Avoid using the terms "South Cyprus" and "North Cyprus" in front of Greek Cypriots.

Connect
To remain connected while out and about, there are four mobile providers, Cyta-Vodafone, Epic, Primetel, and Cablenet. Cyta-Vodafone is the largest operator and charges the highest rates locally, while other providers are generally cheaper. Be aware before purchasing that all of these providers charge a high per-MB rate to roam in Northern Cyprus; Cyta-Vodafone, Primetel, and Cablenet charge €0.20 per MB while Epic charges €0.25 per MB. If you want one SIM to use across the whole island, look elsewhere. To avoid surprise billing, all providers require you to manually activate roaming in Northern Cyprus to use it.
 * Internet access is increasingly available in tourist centres in the guise of Internet cafés and side rooms equipped with monitors. Prices vary, so shop about. €2 an hour seems average, but you can do better. Many cafés now offer free wi-fi access and hotels and resorts often offer Internet access to their guests.

Cyta-Vodafone sells physical "soeasy" SIM starter kits for €2 with €1 credit pre-loaded at their stores, or data-only eSIM QR codes are available on arrivals at Larnaca and Paphos airports.

The physical SIM comes pre-set to the "soeasy classic" rate, which charges €0.15 per MB. If you send a message with the words "soeasy plus" (no quotes) to 8000, your SIM will be set to the "soeasy plus" rate instead, which automatically purchases the following local, EU, and UK allowances for 30 days and returns €2 of credit to use for any services not included when topping up the designated amount:
 * 400 minutes, 400 SMS, and 20GB for €10
 * 1000 minutes, 1000 SMS, and 50GB for €20
 * 2000 minutes, 2000 SMS, and 100GB for €35

Each top-up of €10 or more also extends the validity of the SIM by 1 year from date of top-up. Calls and SMS can only be used locally and in EU or UK roaming, and not for international calls to the EU or UK while in Cyprus.

If you remain on the soeasy classic rate, or if the data in the Plus allowance is insufficient, you can purchase a 7-day unlimited data pack for €4.90 for local use only by making sure you have enough balance in your account, then sending the letters "MI UNL7" (no quotes) to 8000.

The eSIM can only be loaded with 20GB for €10, and reloading does not extend validity (30 days from initial activation). No calls or SMS are allowed. In addition, no roaming is allowed.

Epic sells its SIM starter kits for €2 and includes 50MB of local data as well as €1 credit. Its prepaid SIMs have free bonuses for topping up, the option to purchase top-ups from your balance, as well as dedicated data top-ups that can be purchased.

For topping up, you get the credit you topped up as well as the following bonuses. The bonus is valid for local use for 30 days while the credit itself is valid for 365 days:
 * €10: 40 minutes, 100 SMS, 30 MB
 * €20: 120 minutes, 250 SMS, 60 MB
 * €35: 240 minutes, 500 SMS, 90 MB
 * €50: 400 minutes, 750 SMS, 150 MB

If no allowance is purchased, data is charged at a very expensive €1.02 per MB. The following data allowances can be purchased by sending the words in quotes to 6040:
 * "data on day": 500 MB for 1 day for €1.50
 * "data on week": 4 GB for 1 week for €4
 * "data on month": 12 GB for 1 month for €10
 * "data on month 2000": 25 GB for 1 month for €15

In addition, dedicated "data top-ups" can be purchased directly online (and can not be purchased from credit balance):
 * €5: 5 GB for 10 days
 * €10: 12 GB for 30 days
 * €15: 25 GB for 30 days

Cope
Beware that Greek Cyprus celebrates Easter on different dates than Western Europe, in most years. On Easter Sunday, many museums etc. are closed, and buses run reduced services in some places even until Easter Tuesday. In August most places (including stores and pharmacies, excluding big retail stores) go on a week-two week holidays with only a written announcement on the store about the days.

Electricity
Cyprus operates on a 230 V, 50 Hz electrical system using the BS-1363 3-pin British plugs. Europlug adapters are widely available in local stores.

title: Cyprus


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Częstochowa

Częstochowa is a city in the Silesian Voivodeship in the south of Poland; it's industrial and had a population of 214,342 in 2021. It's best known for the monastery of Jasna Góra, holding the Black Madonna icon, and is a major pilgrimage site for Roman Catholics.

Understand
The town is named for a medieval baron, but perhaps he was Siamese twins, as documents of 1220 describe Częstochowa and Częstochówka side by side. It was on a trade route and in 1382 became the site of the Paulist monastery of Jasna Góra ("shining mountain"). The Paulists were a Hungarian order dedicated to the hermit Saint Paul of Thebes, and held or acquired the icon of the Black Madonna. Its origin is uncertain, as it was damaged by robbers in 1430, and the repair was botched: attempts to patch it failed so it was scrubbed clean then repainted, retaining the robbers' slash marks. It was probably made in Byzantium / Constantinople sometime between the 6th and 9th centuries, and was either brought from Hungary by the monks, or was the gift of Duke Vladislaus II of Opole. The icon is a painting 122 x 82 cm with the Madonna in Hodegetria pose, gesturing towards the infant Jesus who raises a chubby paw of benediction towards the viewer; a gilt riza covers all but the faces and hands. The dusky complexions appear intentional, not the result of ageing, candle smoke or repair - some 150 Black Madonnas are known, more accurately depicting a mother and child from Nazareth circa 1 AD than the standard whitewashed imagery.

The Madonna has accreted many legends, most famously that she saved the fortified monastery during a Swedish siege in 1655. It was actually a fake that protected the monks, as the original was taken away for safety during the invasion, and her benison did not extend to the town outside the fortifications where half the population was slaughtered. The icon has propelled Częstochowa into a major pilgrimage destination, with people coming secretly at some personal risk during the long years of oppression - the future Pope John-Paul II did so as a student during the Nazi regime. The Roman Catholic religion and the Madonna of Częstochowa became symbolic of national identity as Poland moved towards independence.

By plane
Katowice Airport is the closest, with LOT, Lufthansa and budget airlines across Europe. Flixbus runs four times a day from Katowice town via the airport to Częstochowa, otherwise take the shuttle bus into town then the hourly train to Częstochowa.

By train
is the central station - a timetable reference simply to "Częstochowa" means here. It has trains hourly from Katowice (90 min), from Warsaw every 2-3 hours (2 hr 15 min, heading for Bielsko Biala) and from Łódź every two hours. It's a tatty old place with dim passageways and few facilities.

is two km south of town centre. Trains from Kraków run every two hours, taking 1 hr 40 min and continuing to Poznań and Piła. There's an occasional direct train from Wrocław, but usually you change in Katowice.

is a halt for slow trains from Gliwice and Katowice towards Osobowa station. It's just an unstaffed platform halt on the southeast edge of the city, but you might use it to reach the Archaeology Museum, Sanctuary of St Joseph or the football stadium.

By bus
Flixbus runs 4 times a day from Katowice, taking 70-90 min via Chorzów and Katowice Airport. One of these starts from Kraków. Change in Katowice for Berlin, Vienna, Bratislava and Prague.

Two buses daily run from Warsaw, taking 2 hr 45 min. One bus daily runs from Gdańsk, taking 7 hours via Toruń and Łódź.

Dworzec Autobusowy the bus station is 200 m south of the main railway station on aleja Wolności.

By road
Highway 75 runs south to Katowice (75 km) and north to Łódź, Toruń and Gdańsk, with Highway 67 branching for Warsaw, Białystok, Kaunas and Riga.

In August a pilgrimage walks nine days (230 km) to Częstochowa, from Wrocław via Trzebnica, Oleśnica, Wilków, Włochy, Kluczbork, Borki Małe, Borki Wielkie and Puszczew / Węglowice.

Get around
Walking is usually best, as town centre is small and the main sights are aligned east-west along Aleje Najświętszej Maryi Panny.

Buses (40 lines) and trams (3 lines) mostly run north-south, only useful for outlying sights. The trams start from Fieldorfa-Nila turnaround 3 km north, run downtown to Osobowa main railway station, the bus station and Estakada, then diverge: T1 and T2 go east, T3 loops southside then back east to Raków station.

Be careful about the ticketing. There are ticket machines inside public transport, but they don't have any English translation. The Polish menu is not very intuitive if you don't know the language. More specifically, paying looks like it's the last option among Normal ticket, Reduced ticket,... So foreigners will find it very difficult / impossible to buy tickets. One traveller has gotten into a big argument with a ticket inspector and was given a fine. Therefore, consider talking a Bolt (app like Uber) taxi, whose price is within the city area and Stradom station only about twice the public transport fare.

See

 * Staszic Park is a pleasant bosky space just east of Jasna Góra, open daily 06:00-22:00, dogs permitted. The stubby little yellow locomotive is a Skoda BND 30 mine tug.
 * (Kościół św Rocha i św Sebastiana) is at Św Rocha 79, one km northwest of Jasna Góra. It's Baroque, built in 1641.
 * Częstochowa Museum manages several sites in town: Iron Ore Mining, Wystawowy Pavilion, City Hall, Halina Poświatowska Museum and Archaeological Museum. These all have the same hours: June-Sept Tu-Su 11:00-17:00, Oct-May Sa Su 11:00-17:00, Tu Th F 09:00-15:30, W 11:00-17:30, and adult admission to each is 12 zł in 2024.
 * Wystawowy Pavilion just north of the Iron Ore Mining Museum is a venue for temporary exhibitions.
 * Wystawowy Pavilion just north of the Iron Ore Mining Museum is a venue for temporary exhibitions.
 * Wystawowy Pavilion just north of the Iron Ore Mining Museum is a venue for temporary exhibitions.
 * (Sanktuarium św Józefa) at Stefana Okrzei 41 is a Baroque church, but only completed in 1928.
 * is an atmospheric place 3 km east of town, open 24 hours.
 * (Sanktuarium św Józefa) at Stefana Okrzei 41 is a Baroque church, but only completed in 1928.
 * is an atmospheric place 3 km east of town, open 24 hours.
 * (Sanktuarium św Józefa) at Stefana Okrzei 41 is a Baroque church, but only completed in 1928.
 * is an atmospheric place 3 km east of town, open 24 hours.
 * (Sanktuarium św Józefa) at Stefana Okrzei 41 is a Baroque church, but only completed in 1928.
 * is an atmospheric place 3 km east of town, open 24 hours.
 * (Sanktuarium św Józefa) at Stefana Okrzei 41 is a Baroque church, but only completed in 1928.
 * is an atmospheric place 3 km east of town, open 24 hours.

Do

 * Filharmonia Concert Hall is at Tomasza Wilsona 16, 500 m north of the main railway station.
 * Adama Mickiewicza Theatre is at Jana Kilińskiego 15, 100 m north of St James Church.
 * Cinema City Wolność is on Aleja Tadeusza Kościuszki, 400 north of the main railway station.
 * Football: Raków Częstochowa play soccer in Ekstraklasa, Poland's top tier. Their home ground Miejski Stadion Piłkarski, capacity 5500, is one km south of Raków railway station.
 * Park Wodny is an indoor pool and water park at Dekabrystów 47, one km north of town centre, open 10:00-22:00.

Buy

 * Galeria Jurajska is a large shopping centre on al Wojska Polskiego 500 m east of Osobowa main railway station, open M-Sa 10:00-22:00.
 * Auchan is a supermarket 200 m southwest of the station on Marszałka Focha, open M-Sa 06:30-22:00.
 * Don't buy a single thing from shady characters hanging round the monastery selling stuff "in aid of restoration", or for cute babies in some fly-blown place. It will go straight to their next bottle of vodka.

Eat

 * Eating places are strung along Aleja Najświętszej Maryi Panny towards Jasna Góra. They include Rycerska, Czeski Film Pub, Gospoda Kwaśnica, Ecru, La Vita da Re, Aleja 57, Awokado, Topollino, Dobry Rok and Dom Pizzy i Wina.
 * Another little strip is just north of Jasna Góra along Wieluńska. Here are Klimaty, Pireus, Il Gusto and Clusu.

Drink

 * Pubs are along the restaurant strip of Aleja Najswietszej Marii Panny and include Lucky Saloon microbrewery, Piwiarnia w Alejach (below), Lomobar, Micro Klimat, Szafa Gra and Wall Street Burger Sports Bar.
 * Brewery: Piwo z Zuka brews unusual ales 200 m east of the main railway station at Ogrodowa 14.
 * Brewery: Piwo z Zuka brews unusual ales 200 m east of the main railway station at Ogrodowa 14.

Sleep

 * Pilgrim House (Dom Pielgrzyma) is on Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego facing the shrine.
 * Pilgrim House (Dom Pielgrzyma) is on Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego facing the shrine.
 * Pilgrim House (Dom Pielgrzyma) is on Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego facing the shrine.
 * Pilgrim House (Dom Pielgrzyma) is on Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego facing the shrine.

Connect
As of March 2024, the town has 5G from all Polish carriers, and its approach highways have 4G.

Go next

 * Olsztyn 16 km east has a huge medieval fortress, now in ruins.
 * Nakło 46 km east has an 18th century palace.
 * Katowice to the south is mostly post-industrial but is a transport hub with several sights of interest.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Częstochowa


text:
Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia was a country in Europe which existed from 1918 to 1939 and 1945 to 1993. In 1993, Czechoslovakia split into two new sovereign countries, which are:
 * Czech Republic
 * Slovakia

title: Czechoslovakia


text:
Czech phrasebook

Czech (čeština) is a West Slavic language, closely related to Slovak and Polish. Spoken by over 10 million people as a first language and at least 6 million who use it as a second language (mainly in Slovakia), Czech is the official language of the Czech Republic, and also understood by many in Slovakia.

Czech belongs to the "synthetic" language group, which means that unlike English and other "analytical" languages, different grammatical aspects are expressed in one word by changing the structure of that word - adding an ending or prefix, modifying the core of the word, etc. In analytical languages such as English, the same is achieved by using separate auxiliary verbs, pronouns or adjectives while the actual word remains unchanged. In Czech, one word is often sufficient to express what English can only achieve by using multiple words.

The only tricky sound to watch for in Czech is this 'ř' letter. It's like putting a trilled 'r' and 'su' in "pleasure" together to make up a 'rrrzh' sound.

Pronunciation guide
Pronunciation is very simple, since words are pronounced the same way as they are written. You only need to know, how to pronounce each letter.

Stress
Unlike e.g. Spanish, the accent doesn't mean a vowel is stressed. It means it's long. Czech is basically an unstressed language (all syllables given equal stress), but the (light) stress is always on the first syllable.

Short vowels

 * a : like 'u' in "cup" [uh]
 * e : like 'e' in "red" [eh]
 * i : like 'i' in "bit" [ih]
 * o : like 'o' in "bore" [oh]
 * u : like 'u' in "put" [oo]
 * y : same as 'i' [ih]

Long vowels

 * á : like 'a' in "far" [aa]
 * é : not found in English, but just stretch out the e sound
 * í : like 'ee' in "spleen" [ee]
 * ó : stretch out the o sound
 * ú/ů : like 'oo' in "pool" [ooh]
 * ý : like 'ee' in "speed" [ee] (and exactly the same pronunciation as í)

The vowel Ěě
The Czech vowel "ě" is pronounced in one of three ways, depending on the preceding letter.

 * dě, tě, ně : pronounced as though they were written ďe, ťe, ňe — the preceding consonant is softened and the e is pronounced [eh]
 * mě : pronounced as though it was written mňe — a soft n, like the Spanish ñ, is inserted and the e is pronounced [eh]
 * in all other cases (bě, pě, vě) : ě is pronounced 'ye' as in "yet" but in a middle of a word 'ie' in "miedo"

Syllabic r, l
Consonants r and l are used also as syllabic (sonant), i. e. they stand as vowels. That's why they can shape seemingly unpronounceable groups of consonants as in the words zmrzlina, scvrnkls, zmrd, čtvrthrst, skrz etc.

Consonants

 * b : like 'b' in "bed"
 * c : like 'ts' in "tsunami"
 * č : like 'ch' in "child"
 * d : like 'd' in "dog"; dě, di, dí like ďe, ďi, ďí
 * ď : like 'd' in "duty"
 * f : like 'f' in "for"
 * g : like 'g' in "go"
 * h : like 'h' in "help"
 * ch : like 'ch' in the Scottish word "Loch"
 * j : like 'y' in "yell"
 * k : like 'k' in "king"
 * l : like 'l' in "love"
 * m : like 'm' in "mother"
 * n : like 'n' in "nice"; ně, ni, ní like ňe, ňi, ňí
 * ň : like 'ñ' in Spanish "señor"
 * p : like 'p' in "pig"
 * q : like 'q' in "quest" (very rare)
 * r : like Scottish 'r' (a.k.a. rolling 'r')
 * ř : like 'rzh'; is like the trilled 'r' and the 'su' in " pleasure " together, the tip of your tongue should vibrate loosely. Like "diversion". (This sound is very difficult for foreigners.)
 * s : like 's' in "hiss"
 * š : like 'sh' in "cash"
 * t : like 't' in "top"; tě, ti, tí like ťe, ťi, ťí
 * ť : like 'ti' in "Tatiana"
 * v : like 'v' in "victory"
 * w : like 'v' in "victor" (rarely used in Czech words, however used in German-originated proper nouns or words of Polish origin)
 * x : like 'cks' in "kicks"
 * z : like 'z' in "zebra"
 * ž : like 'j' in french "Jacques"

Diphthongs
Diphthongs are sounds that consist of two vowels within the same syllable (like in the English word "house").

 * au : like 'ow' in "cow"
 * eu : like 'eu' in "Europa"
 * ou : like 'o' in "go"

Nondigraphs

 * sh : is not digraph, but two separate consonats, not like the "sh" in "ship" but rather 's' followed by 'h' as in glass house. Because of the voice assimilation, it is pronounced usually as 's' followed by 'ch' in Bohemian dialects, or as 'z' followed by 'h' in Moravian dialects.

Assimilation
Czech writing is very phonetic but there are some anomalies. Preschool children write usually such words in phonologic spelling.
 * voice assimilaton at the bottom: some voiced consonant are pronounced as voiceless at the bottom of the word: mráz is pronounced as mrás, hřib as hřip, led as let, výtah as výtach, úsměv as úsmňef etc. The letter ř is used for voiced as well as voiceless variant.
 * voice assimilation in the group of consonants: some couples or groups of voiced and voicess consonant influences one another (roztok is pronounced as rostok, pod stromem is prounounced as potstromem). In case of h, the assimilation depends on the dialect: generally, Bohemian dialects prefer the voiceless, Moravian dialects prefer the voice (na shledanou is pronounced as na schledanou or as na zhledanou). Sonor consonants (m, n, j, r, l) are never voiceless even if they are near a voiceless consonant and commonly they don't change the neighboring consonant.
 * doubled consonants : in some cases, two equal consonant letters are next to each other. In some cases they fuse (cenný is prounounced as cený, měkký is pronounced as mňeký) but on some cases they must be pronounced separately: samoobsluha as samo-obsluha, nejjasnější as nej-jasňejší etc. The fused pronunciation can give a different meaning (nej- means most, ne- means un-)
 * fusion and omission: in popular and not careful pronunciation, some groups of consonants can merge and some consonants can be missed. Dětský if often pronounced as ďecký, dcera as cera, pojď sem can sound pocem, jestli as esi, jsem as sem, kdyby as dyby, všiml sis as šimsis, jestli sis všiml as esisisišim etc.

Basics

 * Hello. (formal, literally good day) : Dobrý den. (DOH-bree dehn)
 * Hello. (informal) : Ahoj. (ahoy)
 * How are you? (formal): Jak se máte? (yahk seh MAA-teh?) – used really as a question!
 * How are you? (informal): Jak se máš? (yahk seh MAA-sh?) – used really as a question!
 * Fine, thank you. : Dobře, děkuji. (DOH-brzheh, DYEH-koo-yih.)
 * What is your name? (informal): Jak se jmenuješ? (yahk seh YMEH-noo-yehsh?)
 * My name is ______ . : Jmenuji se ______ . (YMEH-noo-ee seh _____.)
 * Nice to meet you. : Těší mě. (TYEH-shee myeh.)
 * Please. : Prosím (Proseem)
 * Thank you. : Děkuji. (Dyekooyih.)
 * You're welcome. : Rádo se stalo. (Raado seh stulo.)
 * Yes. : Ano. (AH-noh.)
 * No. : Ne. (neh.)
 * Excuse me, I am sorry. (getting attention) : Promiňte (PROH-mih-nyteh)
 * I'm sorry. : Je mi to líto. (yeh mee toh LEE-toh)
 * Goodbye. : Na shledanou. (NAHSH-leh-dah-noh)
 * I can't speak Czech [well]. : Neumím [moc dobře] mluvit česky (Neh-oomeem [mots dobrzheh] mloovit cheskee.)
 * Do you speak English? : Mluvíte anglicky? (Mlooveeteh unglitskee?)
 * Is there someone here who speaks English? : Je tady někdo, kdo mluví anglicky? (Yeh tuhdih nyegdo gdo mloovee uhnglitskee?)
 * Help! : Pomoc! (POH-mohts!)
 * Look out! : Pozor! (Pozor!)
 * Good morning. : Dobré ráno (DOH-brehh RAHH-noh)
 * Good evening. : Dobrý večer (DOH-bree VEH-chehr)
 * Good night. : Dobrou noc (DOH-broh nohts)
 * I don't understand. : Nerozumím (NEH-roh-zoo-meem)
 * Where is the toilet? : Kde je záchod? (Gdeh yeh ZAHH-khoht?)

Problems

 * Leave me alone. : Nechte mě být. (NEHKH-teh myeh beet)
 * Don't touch me! : Nedotýkejte se mě! (NEH-doh-tee-keh-teh seh myeh!)
 * I'll call the police. : Zavolám policii (ZAH-voh-laam POH-lee-tsee)
 * Police! : Policie! (POH-lee-tsee-eh!)
 * Stop! Thief! : Stůj, (stooyeh) zloději! (ZLOH-dyehy!)
 * I need your help. : Potřebuji vaši pomoc. (POHT-rzheh-boo-yee VAH-shee POH-mots)
 * It's an emergency. : Je to nouzová situace. (yeh toh NO-zoh-vaa SIH-to-ah-tseh)
 * I'm lost. : Jsem ztracen (YEH-sehm ZTRAH-tsehn)
 * I've lost my bag. : Ztratil jsem tašku (ZTRAH-til yeh-sehm TAHSH-koo)
 * I've lost my wallet. : Ztratil jsem peněženku (ZTRAH-til yeh-sehm PEH-ehh-zhehn-koo)
 * I'm sick. : Je mi špatně. (yeh mee SHPAH-tnehh)
 * I've been injured. : Jsem zraněn (YEH-sehm ZRAH-nehhn)
 * I need a doctor. : Potřebuji doktora (POHT-rgeh-boo-yee DOHK-toh-rah)
 * Can I use your phone? : Mohu použít váš telefon? (MOH-hoo pwoh-zheet vaash TEH-leh-fohn?)

Numbers

 * 0 : nula (NOO-lah)
 * 1 : jeden/jedna/jedno (YEH-dehn/ YEHD-nah/YEHD-noh)
 * 2 : dva/dvě (dvah/ dvyeh)
 * 3 : tři (trzhee)
 * 4 : čtyři (CHTEE-rzhee)
 * 5 : pět (pyeht)
 * 6 : šest (shehst)
 * 7 : sedm (SEH-duhm)
 * 8 : osm (OH-suhm)
 * 9 : devět (DEH-vyeht)
 * 10 : deset (DEH-seht)
 * 11 : jedenáct (YEH-deh-naatst)
 * 12 : dvanáct (DVAH-naatst)
 * 13 : třináct (TRZHEE-naatst)
 * 14 : čtrnáct (CHTR-naatst)
 * 15 : patnáct (PAHT-naatst)
 * 16 : šestnáct (SHEST-naatst)
 * 17 : sedmnáct (SEH-duhm-naatst)
 * 18 : osmnáct (OH-suhm-naatst)
 * 19 : devatenáct (DEH-vah-teh-naatst)
 * 20 : dvacet (DVAH-tseht)
 * 21 : dvacet jedna (DVAH-tseht YEHD-nah)
 * 22 : dvacet dva (DVAH-tseht dvah)
 * 23 : dvacet tři (DVAH-tseht trzhih)
 * 30 : třicet (TRZHIH-tseht)
 * 40 : čtyřicet (CHTIH-rzhih-tseht)
 * 42 : čtyřicet dva (CHTIH-rzhih-tseht dvah)
 * 50 : padesát (PAH-deh-saat)
 * 60 : šedesát (SHEH-deh-saat)
 * 70 : sedmdesát (SEH-duhm-deh-saat)
 * 80 : osmdesát (OH-suhm-deh-saat)
 * 90 : devadesát (DEH-vah-deh-saat)
 * 100 : sto (stoh)
 * 175 : sto sedmdesát pět (stoh SEH-duhm-deh-saat pyeht)
 * 200 : dvě stě (dvyeh styeh)
 * 300 : tři sta (trzhih stah)
 * 1000 : tisíc (TIH-seehts)
 * 2000 : dva tisíce (dvah TIH-see-tseh)
 * 3758 : tři tisíce sedm set padesát osm (trzhih TEE-see-tseh sehdm seht PAH-deh-saat ohsm)
 * 1,000,000 : milion (MIH-lyohn)
 * 1,000,000,000 : miliarda (MIH-lyahr-dah)
 * 1,000,000,000,000 : bilion (BIH-lyohn)
 * number _____ (train, bus, etc.) : číslo _____ (CHEES-loh)
 * half : půl (pool)
 * less (than) : méně (než) (MEHH-nyeh (nehzh))
 * more (than) : více (než) (VEE-tseh (nehzh))

Time

 * now : teď (tehtdd)
 * later : později (POHZ-dyeh-yih)
 * before : před (przhehd)
 * morning : ráno (RAHH-noh)
 * afternoon : odpoledne (OHD-poh-lehd-neh)
 * evening : večer (VEH-chehr)
 * night : noc (nohts)

Clock time
When using digital time in the Czech Republic, it's usual to use a 24 hour clock, ranging from 0.00 to 24.00. Okay, 24.00 is actually the same as 0.00, but one day later. However, both 12 and 24 hour formats can be used when speaking about time. There are three ways to specify, for example, two o'clock PM: "dvě hodiny" (literally "two hours", AM/PM information must be clear from the context), "dvě hodiny odpoledne" (literally "two hours in the afternoon") or "čtrnáct hodin" (literally "fourteen hours").
 * one o'clock AM : jedna hodina (YEHD-nah HOH-dih-nah)
 * two o'clock AM : dvě hodiny (dvyeh HOH-dih-nih)
 * noon : poledne (POH-lehd-neh)
 * one o'clock PM : třináct hodin (TRZHIH-naatst HOH-dihn)
 * two o'clock PM : čtrnáct hodin (CHTR-naatst HOH-dihn)
 * midnight : půlnoc (POOL-nohts)

There are two ways of expressing "fractional hours". The simpler way is just to spell out a digital time in the 24 hour format. For example 16:30 (half past four in the afternoon) would be spelled as "šestnáct třicet", literally "sixteen thirty". This way is often used when time exact down to a single minute is to be given or just because the speaker is too lazy to mentally convert a digital time to a different format.

The other, nicer way is as follows:

 * Quarter past nine (21:15) - čtvrt na deset (literally "a quarter to ten")

 * Half past nine (21:30) - půl desáté (literally "a half of the tenth")

 * A quarter to ten (21:45) - třičtvrtě na deset (literally "three quarters to ten")

The 12 hour format is always used with this method. If it is not clear from the context, it can be appended by a word like "ráno" (early morning), "dopoledne" (late morning), odpoledne (afternoon) or "večer" (evening), eg. "půl desáté večer" (21:30, "a half of ten in the evening").

Attention: When this method is used, Czech always refers to the upcoming full hour! This is different from English, which refers always to the full hour which is closer (and to the previous one when in the middle between two full hours).

Duration

 * _____ minute(s) : _____ minuta (if 2-4 then minuty, else minut) (mee-NOO-tah, mee-NOO-tih, MEE-noot)
 * _____ hour(s) : _____ hodina (if 2-4 then hodiny, else hodin) (hoh-DIH-nah, hoh-DIH-nih, HOH-dihn)
 * _____ day(s) : _____ den (if 2-4 then dny, else dní) (dehn, dnih, dnee)
 * _____ week(s) : _____ týden (if 2-4 then týdny, else týdnů) (TOO-dehn, TOOD-nih, TOOD-noo)
 * _____ month(s) : _____ měsíc (if 2-4 then měsíce, else měsíců) (MJEH-sihk, MJEH-sih-tseh, MJEH-sih-tsoo)
 * _____ year(s) : _____ rok (if 2-4 then roky/léta, else roků/let) (rohk, ROH-kih/LAIR-tah, ROH-koo/leht)

Days

 * day : den (dehn)
 * night : noc (nohts)
 * afternoon : odpoledne (OHT-poh-lehd-neh)
 * morning : dopoledne (DOH-poh-lehd-neh)
 * today : dnes (dnehs)
 * tonight : dnes večer (dnehs VEH-chehr)
 * yesterday : včera (FCHEH-rah)
 * yesterday evening : včera v noci (FCHEH-rah veh NOH-tsee)
 * the day before yesterday : předevčírem (PRZHEH-dehf-chee-rehm)
 * tomorrow : zítra (ZEE-trah)
 * the day after tomorrow : pozítří (POH-zee-trzhee)
 * this week : tento týden (TEHN-toh TEE-dehn)
 * last week : minulý týden (MIH-noo-lee TEE-dehn)
 * next week : příští týden (PRZHEESH-tee TEE-dehn)

Monday is viewed as the first day in week in the Czech Republic.
 * Monday : pondělí (POHN-dyeh-lee)
 * Tuesday : úterý (OO-teh-ree)
 * Wednesday : středa (STRZHEH-dah)
 * Thursday : čtvrtek (CHTVR-tehk)
 * Friday : pátek (PAA-tehk)
 * Saturday : sobota (SOH-boh-tah)
 * Sunday : neděle (NEH-dyeh-leh)

Months

 * January : leden (LEH-dehn)
 * February : únor (OO-nohr)
 * March : březen (BRZHEH-zehn)
 * April : duben (DOO-behn)
 * May : květen (KVYEH-tehn)
 * June : červen (CHEHR-vehn)
 * July : červenec (CHER-veh-nehts)
 * August : srpen (SAIR-pehn)
 * September : září (ZAH-rzhee)
 * October : říjen (RZHEE-yehn)
 * November : listopad (LEES-toh-pahd)
 * December : prosinec (PROH-see-nehts)

Colors

 * black : černá (CHEHR-nahh)
 * white : bílá (BEE-lahh)
 * gray : šedá (SHEH-dahh)
 * red : červená (CHEHR-veh-nahh)
 * blue : modrá (MOH-drahh)
 * yellow : žlutá (ZHLOO-tahh)
 * green : zelená (ZEH-leh-nahh)
 * orange : oranžová (OH-rahn-zhoh-vahh)
 * purple : fialová (FYAH-loh-vahh)
 * brown : hnědá (HNYEH-dahh)
 * pink : růžová (ROO-zhoh-vahh)

Transportation

 * car : auto (OW-toh)
 * taxi : taxík (taxi can be use too) (TAH-kseek)
 * bus : autobus (OW-toh-boos)
 * van : dodávka (DOH-daav-kah)
 * carriage/wagon : vagón (VAH-gohhn)
 * truck : kamion (KAH-myohn)
 * train : vlak (vlahk)
 * trolley : trolejbus (TROH-lay-boos)
 * tram : tramvaj (TRAHM-vai)
 * airplane : letadlo (LEH-tahd-loh)
 * airline : letecká společnost (LEH-tehts-kaa spoh-lech-nost)
 * helicopter : helikoptéra (HEH-lee-kohp-tehh-rah)
 * boat : loď (lohj)
 * ship : loď (lohdj)
 * ferry : trajekt (TRAI-ehkt)
 * bicycle : kolo (KOH-loh), bicykl (BIH-tsykl)
 * motorcycle : motocykl (MOH-toh-tsykl)
 * subway : metro (MEH-troh)
 * Could I rent a car/bicycle/boat/van? : Mohl bych si půjčit auto/bicykl/loď/nákladní vůz? (mohl bihkh POOY-chiht OW-toh/BIH-tsykl/lohj/NAA-klahd-nee vooz?)
 * How much is the ferry/tram/trolley? : Kolik stojí jízda v trajektu/tramvaji/trolejbusu? (KOH-lihk stoyeeh yeezdah v TRAI-ehktoo/TRAHM-vaii/TROH-lay-boosuh?)

Bus and train

 * How much is a ticket to _____? : Kolik stojí jízdenka do _____? (KOH-lihk STOH-yee YEEZ-dehn-kah doh)
 * One ticket to _____, please. : Jednu jízdenku do _____, prosím. (YEHD-noo YEEZ-dehn-koo doh, PROH-seem)
 * Where does this train/bus go? : Kam jede tento vlak/autobus? (kahm YEH-deh TEHN-toh vlahk/OW-toh-boos?)
 * Where is the train/bus to _____? : Kde je vlak/autobus do _____? (GDEH yeh vlahk/OW-toh-boos doh)
 * Does this train/bus stop in _____? : Staví tento vlak/autobus v _____? (STAH-vee TEHN-toh vlahk/OW-toh-boos vuh)
 * When does the train/bus for _____ leave? : Kdy odjíždí vlak/autobus do _____? (GDIH OHT-yee-zhdyee vlahk/OW-toh-boos doh)
 * When will this train/bus arrive in _____? : Kdy přijede tento vlak/autobus do _____? (GDIH PRZHIH-yeh-deh TEHN-toh vlahk/OW-toh-boos doh)
 * Next stop: _____. : Příští zastávka: _____. (PRZHIH-shtee zahs-TAHHV-kah)

Directions

 * How do I get to _____ ? : Jak se dostanu do/k/na _____ ? (YAHK seh DOHS-tah-noo doh/k/nah?)
 * ...the train station? : ...na vlakové nádraží? (nah VLAH-koh-vehh NAHH-drah-zhee?)
 * ...the bus station? : ...na autobusové nádraží? (nah OW-toh-buh-soh-vehh NAH-drah-zhee?)
 * ...the airport? : ...na letiště? (nah LEH-tihsh-tjeh)
 * ...downtown? : ...do centra? (doh TSEHN-trah?)
 * ...the youth hostel? : ...do hostelu/ubytovny pro mládež? (doh HOHS-teh-luh/OO-byh-toh-vnee proh mlah-dezh?)
 * ...the _____ hotel? : ...do hotelu _____? (doh HOH-teh-luh?)
 * ...the American/Canadian/Australian/British consulate? : ...k americkému/kanadskému/australskému/britskému konzulátu? (kuh AH-meh-rihts-kehh-muh/KAH-nahds-kehh-muh/OWS-trahls-kehh-muh/BRIHTS-kehh-muh KOHN-zuh-lahh-tuh)
 * Where are there a lot of... : Kde je tu mnoho/hodně... (gdeh yeh tuh MNOH-hoh/HOHD-njeh)
 * ...hotels? : ...hotelů? (HOH-teh-loo)
 * ...restaurants? : ...restaurací? (REHS-tow-rah-tsee)
 * ...bars? : ...barů? (BAHR-doo)
 * ...sites to see? : ...míst k vidění? (meest kuh VIH-dyeh-nee?)
 * Can you show me on the map? : Můžete mi ukázat na mapě? (MOO-zheh-teh mih UH-kahh-zaht nah MAH-pyeh?)
 * street : ulice (OO-lih-tseh)
 * road/highway : silnice (SIHL-nih-tseh)
 * avenue : avenue (AH-veh-new)
 * boulevard : bulvár (BOOL-vaar)
 * Turn left. : Odbočte vlevo. (OHD-bohch-teh VLEH-voh)
 * Turn right. : Odbočte vpravo. (OHD-bohch-teh VPRAH-voh)
 * left : vlevo (VLEH-voh)
 * right : vpravo (VPRAH-voh)
 * straight ahead : rovně (ROHV-njeh)
 * towards the _____ : směrem k _____ (SMJEH-rehm kuh)
 * past the _____ : za _____ (zah)
 * before the _____ : před _____ (przhehd)
 * Watch for the _____. : Hledejte _____. (HLEH-day-teh)
 * intersection : křižovatka (KRZHIH-zhoh-vaht-kah)
 * north : sever (SEH-vehr)
 * south : jih (yih)
 * east : východ (VEE-khohd)
 * west : západ (ZAHH-pahd)
 * uphill : nahoru (NAH-hoh-ruh)
 * downhill : dolů (DOH-loo)

Taxi

 * Taxi! : Taxík! (TAHK-seek!)
 * Take me to _____, please. : Vezměte mě do/k/na _____, prosím. (VEHZ-myeh-teh mnyeh doh/kuh/nah, PROH-seem)
 * How much does it cost to get to _____? : Kolik to stojí do/k/na _____? (KOH-lihk toh STOH-yee doh/kuh/nah?)
 * Take me there, please. : Vezměte mě tam, prosím. (VEHZ-myeh-teh mnyeh tahm, PROH-seem)

Lodging

 * Do you have any rooms available? : Máte volné pokoje? (MAHH-teh VOHL-nair POH-koh-yeh?)
 * How much is a room for one person/two people? : Kolik stojí pokoj pro jednu osobu/dvě osoby? (KOH-lihk STOH-yee POH-koy proh YEHD-nuh OH-soh-buh/dvyeh OH-soh-bih?)
 * Does the room come with... : Je v tom pokoji... (yeh vuh tohm POH-koy-ih)
 * ...bedsheets? : ...povlečení? (POH-vleh-cheh-nee?)
 * ...a bathroom? : ...koupelna? (KOH-pehl-nah?)
 * ...a telephone? : ...telefon? (TEH-leh-fohn?)
 * ...a TV? : ...televize? (TEH-leh-vih-zeh?)
 * ...a shower? : ...sprcha? (SEH-spuhr-khah?)
 * May I see the room first? : Mohl bych ten pokoj nejprve vidět? (mohl bikh tehn POH-koy NAY-puhr-veh VIH-dyeht?)
 * Do you have anything quieter? : Nemáte něco klidnějšího? (NEH-mahh-teh NYEH-tsoh KLIHD-nyeh-shee-hoh?)
 * ...bigger? : ...většího? (VYEHT-shee-hoh)
 * ...cleaner? : ...čistějšího? (CHIHS-tyeh-shee-hoh)
 * ...cheaper? : ...levnějšího? (LEHV-nyeh-shee-hoh)
 * It's fine, I'll take it. : Je to fajn, vezmu si ho. (YEH-toh fine, VEHZ-muh sih hoh)
 * I will stay for _____ night(s). : Zůstanu zde _____ nocí (if 1, then noc; if 2-4, then noci instead of nocí). (ZOOS-tah-noo zdeh....nohts (NOHTS)/(NOH-tsih)/(NOH-tsee))
 * Can you suggest another hotel? : Můžete mi doporučit jiný hotel? (MOO-zheh-teh mih DOH-poh-roo-chiht YIH-nee HOH-tehl?)
 * Do you have a safe? : Máte trezor/sejf? (MAA-teh tre-sor/sayf?)
 * ...lockers? : ...skříň (na šaty)? (SKRZHEE-nyeh (nah SHAH-tih))
 * Is breakfast/supper included? : Je to včetně snídaně/večeře? (yeh toh VCHEHT-nyeh SNYEE-dah-nyeh/VEH-cheh-rzheh?)
 * What time is breakfast/supper? : V kolik hodin je snídaně/večeře? (vuh KOH-lihk HOH-dihn yeh SNIH-dah-nyeh/VEH-cheh-rzheh?)
 * Please clean my room. : Ukliďte mi prosím pokoj. (OOK-leej-teh mih PROH-seem POH-koy)
 * Can you wake me at _____? : Mohl byste mě vzbudit v/o _____? (mohl BIHS-teh VUHZ-buh-diht vuh/oh...?)
 * I want to check out. : Chtěl bych se odhlásit. (khtyehl bihkh seh OHD-hlahh-siht)

Money

 * Do you accept American/Australian/Canadian dollars? : Berete americké/australské/kanadské dolary? (BEH-reh-teh AMEH-rihts-kehh/OWS-trahls-kehh/KAH-nahds-kehh DOH-lah-rih?)
 * Do you accept euros? : Berete eura? (BEH-reh-teh EUH-rah?)
 * Do you accept British pounds? : Berete anglické libry? (BEH-reh-teh AHN-glihts-kehh LIH-brih?)
 * Do you accept credit cards? : Berete kreditní karty? (BEH-reh-teh KREH-diht-nee KAHR-tih?)
 * Can you change money for me? : Směníte mi peníze? (SMYEH-nee-teh mih PEH-nee-zeh?)
 * Where can I get money changed? : Kde si můžu směnit peníze? (gdeh sih MOO-zhuh SMYEH-niht PEH-nee-zeh?)
 * Can you change a traveler's check for me? : Můžete mi směnit cestovní šek? (MOO-zheh-teh mih SMYEH-niht TSEHS-tohv-nee shehk?)
 * Where can I get a traveler's check changed? : Kde si můžu směnit cestovní šek? (gdeh sih MOO-zhuh SMYEH-niht TSEHS-tohv-nee shehk?)
 * What is the exchange rate? : Jaký je kurs? (YAH-kee yeh kuhrs?)
 * Where is an automatic teller machine (ATM)? : Kde je tady bankomat? (gdeh yeh TAH-dih BAHN-koh-maht?)

Eating

 * A table for one person/two people, please. : Stůl pro dvě osoby, prosím. (stool proh dvyeh OH-soh-bih, PROH-seem)
 * Can I look at the menu, please? : Můžu se podívat na jídelní lístek, prosím? (MOO-zhoo seh poh-DEE-vaht nah yee-DEHL-nee LEES-tehk, PROH-seem?)
 * Can I look in the kitchen? : Můžu se podívat do kuchyně? (MOO-zhoo seh poh-DEE-vaht doh koo-CHIH-nyeh?)
 * Is there a house specialty? : Máte nějakou specialitu podniku?
 * Is there a local specialty? : Máte nějakou místní specialitu?
 * I'm a vegetarian. : Jsem vegetarián. (ysehm veh-geh-TAH-ryahhn)
 * I don't eat pork. : Nejím vepřové (maso). (NEH-yeem VEH-przhoh-vehh (MAH-soh))
 * I don't eat beef. : Nejím hovězí (maso). (NEH-yeem hoh-VYEH-zee (MAH-soh))
 * I only eat kosher food. : Jím jenom košer jídlo. (yeem YEH-nohm KOH-shehr YEED-loh)
 * Can you make it "lite", please? (less oil/butter/lard) : Mohl byste to udělat bez tuku, prosím? (mohl BIHS-teh toh oo-DYEH-laht behz TOO-koo, PROH-seem?)
 * fixed-price meal : menu (MEH-noo)
 * a la carte : denní menu/jídelní lístek (DEHN-nee MEH-noo/yee-DEHL-nee LEES-kehk)
 * breakfast : snídaně (SNEE-dah-nyeh)
 * lunch : oběd (OH-byehd)
 * tea (meal) : svačina (SVAH-chih-nah)
 * supper : večeře (VEH-cheh-rzheh)
 * I would like_____. : Chtěl bych _____. (khtyehl bihkh....)
 * spoon : lžíce (LZHEE-tseh)
 * fork : vidlička (vih-DLIH-tshka)
 * knife : nůž (noozh)
 * plate : talíř (TAH-leerzh)
 * glass : sklenice (skleh-NIH-tseh)
 * napkin : ubrousek (UH-bhr-ow-shek)
 * I want a dish containing _____. : Chtěl bych chod obsahující _____. (khtyehl bihkh chohd ohb-sah-HOO-yee-tsee...)
 * chicken : kuře (KOO-rzheh)
 * beef : hovězí (hoh-VYEH-zee)
 * fish : rybu (RIH-boo)
 * ham : šunku (SHOON-koo)
 * sausage : salám (SAH-laam)
 * cheese : sýr (seer)
 * eggs : vejce (VAY-tseh)
 * salad : salát (SAH-laat)
 * (fresh) vegetables : (čerstvou) zeleninu ((CHEHRST-voh-uh) zeh-leh-NIH-noo)
 * (fresh) fruit : (čerstvé) ovoce ((CHEHRST-vehh) oh-VOH-tseh)
 * bread : chleba (KHLEH-bah)
 * toast : toust (towst)
 * noodles : nudle (NOO-dleh)
 * rice : rýži (REE-zhih)
 * beans : fazole (FAH-zoh-leh)
 * ice-cream : zmrzlina (Zmerzlina)
 * May I have a glass of _____? : Mohl bych dostat sklenici _____? (mohl bihkh DOHS-taht skleh-NIH-tsih....?)
 * May I have a cup of _____? : Mohl bych dostat šálek _____? (mohl bihkh DOHS-taht SHAHH-lehk....?)
 * May I have a bottle of _____? : Mohl bych dostat láhev _____? (mohl bihkh DOHS-taht LAHH-hehf....?)
 * coffee : kávy/kafe (KAHH-vih/KAH-feh)
 * tea (drink) : čaje (CHAH-yeh)
 * juice : džusu (JUH-suh)
 * (bubbly) water : (perlivá) voda. ((per-lih-vaa) VOH-dah)
 * water : voda (VOH-dah)
 * beer : pivo (PIH-voh)
 * red/white wine : červeného/bílého vína (CHEHR-veh-nehh-hoh/BEE-lehh-hoh VEE-nah)
 * May I have some _____? : Můžete mi přinést _____? (moo-ZHEH-teh mih PRZHIH-nehhst...?)
 * salt : sůl (sool)
 * black pepper : černý pepř (CHEHR-nee pehprzh)
 * butter : máslo (MAHHS-loh)
 * Excuse me, waiter? (getting attention of server): Promiňte, číšníku? (proh-MIHNY-teh, cheesh-NEE-koo?)
 * I'm finished. : Dojedl jsem. (DOH-yehdl ysehm)
 * It was delicious. : Bylo to výborné. (BIH-loh toh vee-BOHR-nyeh)
 * Please clear the plates. : Odneste talíře, prosím. (ohd-NEHS-teh tah-LEE-feh, PROH-seem)
 * The check, please. : Zaplatím, prosím. (ZAH-plah-teem, PROH-seem)

Bars

 * Do you serve alcohol? : Podáváte alkohol? (poh-dahh-VAHH-teh ahl-KOH-hohl?)
 * Is there table service? : Obsluhuje se tu? (ohbsloohooye se too?)
 * A beer/two beers, please. : (Jedno) pivo/dvě piva, prosím. ((YEHD-noh) PIH-voh/dvyeh PIH-vah, PROH-seem)
 * Becherovka, please. : Becherovku, prosím. (beh-kheh-ROHF-kuh, PROH-seem)
 * A glass of red/white wine, please. : skleničku červeného/bílého vína, prosím. (Sklanichku CHEHR-veh-nehho/BEE-lehho VEE-noha, PROH-seem)
 * Half a litre, please. : Půl litru, prosím. (pool LIH-truh, PROH-seem)
 * A bottle, please. : Láhev, prosím. (LAHH-hehf, PROH-seem)
 * whiskey : whiskey (VEES-kee)
 * vodka : vodka (VOHD-kah)
 * rum : rum (ruhm)
 * water : voda (VOH-dah)
 * club soda : limonáda (lih-moh-NAHH-dah)
 * tonic water : tonik (TOH-nihk)
 * orange juice : pomerančový džus (POH-meh-rahn-choh-vee joos)
 * Coke (soda) : kola (KOH-lah)
 * Do you have any bar snacks? : Máte něco pro chuť? (MAHH-teh NYEH-tsoh proh khootch?)
 * One more, please. : Ještě jedno, prosím. (YEHSH-tyeh YEHD-noh, PROH-seem)
 * Another round, please. : Ještě jednou, prosím. (YEHSH-tyeh YEHD-now, PROH-seem)
 * When is closing time? : Kdy zavíráte? (kdih zah-vee-RAHH-teh?)
 * Cheers! : Na zdraví! (nah ZDRAH-vee!)

Shopping

 * Do you have this in my size? : Máte to v mé velikosti? (MAHH-teh toh veh mehh VEH-lih-kohs-tih?)
 * How much is this? : Kolik stojí tohle? (KOH-lihk STOH-yee TOH-leh?)
 * That's too expensive. : To je příliš drahé. (toh yeh PRZHEE-lihsh DRAH-hehh)
 * Would you take _____? : Prodal byste to za ___ ? (PROH-dahl BIHS-teh toh zah....?)
 * expensive : drahé (DRAH-hehh)
 * cheap : levné (LEHF-nehh)
 * I can't afford it. : Nemůžu si to dovolit. (NEH-moo-zhuh sih toh DOH-voh-liht)
 * I don't want it. : Nechci to. (NETS-htsih toh)
 * I know that this is not the regular price. : Vím, že tohle není běžná cena. (veem, zheh TOH-leh NEH-nee BYEHZH-nahh TSEH-nah)
 * You're cheating me. : Snažíte se mě podvést. (SNAH-zhee-teh seh myeh POHD-vehhst)
 * I'm not interested. : Nemám zájem. (NEH-mahhm ZAHH-yehm)
 * OK, I'll take it. : Dobře, vezmu si to. (DOH-brhzeh, VEHZ-muh sih toh)
 * Can I have a bag? : Můžu dostat tašku? (MOO-zhuh DOHS-taht TASH-kuh?)
 * Can I pay by a credit card?/ Do you take credit cards? : Můžu platit kreditkou?/ Berete kreditky? (MOO-zhuh PLAH-tiht KREH-diht-kow?/BEH-reh-teh KREH-diht-kih?)
 * Do you ship (overseas)? : Zasíláte to (do zámoří)? (ZAH-see-lahh-teh toh (doh ZAHH-moh-rzhee))
 * I need... : Potřebuji... (POH-trzheh-boo-yih)
 * ...toothpaste. : ...zubní pastu. (ZOOB-nee PAHS-too)
 * ...a toothbrush. : ...kartáček na zuby. (KAHR-tahh-check nah ZOO-bih)
 * ...tampons. : ...tampóny. (TAHM-pohh-nih)
 * ...feminine napkins. :...dámské vložky (DAAM-skeh VER-losh-kih)
 * ...soap. : ...mýdlo. (MOOD-loh)
 * ...shampoo. : ...šampón. (SHAHM-pohhn)
 * ...conditioner. : ...kondicionér. (KOHN-dih-tsyoh-nehhr)
 * ...pain reliever. (e.g., aspirin or ibuprofen) : ...lék proti bolesti. (lyehk PROH-tih BOH-lehs-tih) Note: You will get medicine in pharmacies ("Lékárna", (LEHH-kahhr-nah) with green sign) only, not in normal drugstores
 * ...cold medicine. : ...něco proti nachlazení. (NYEH-tsoh PROH-tih NAHK-lah-zeh-nee)
 * ...stomach medicine. : ...tablety na trávení. (TAH-bleh-tih nah TRAHH-veh-nee)
 * ...a razor. : ...holicí strojek. (HOH-lih-tsee STROH-ee-ehk)
 * ...a razor (blade): ...žiletku. (ZHIH-leht-kuh)
 * ...tweezers. : ...pinzetu. (PIHN-zeh-tuh)
 * ...an umbrella. : ...deštník. (DEHSHT-neek)
 * ...sunblock lotion. : ...opalovací krém. (OH-pah-loh-vah-tsee krehhm)
 * ...a postcard. : ...pohlednici. (POH-lehd-nih-tsih)
 * ...postage stamps. : ...poštovní známku. (POHSH-tohf-nee ZNAHHM-kuh)
 * ...batteries. : ...baterie. (BAH-teh-ryeh)
 * ...writing paper. : ...papír na psaní. (PAH-peer nah PSAH-nee)
 * ...a pen. : ...pero. (PEH-roh)
 * ...English-language books. : ...knihy v angličtině. (KNIH-hih veh AHN-glihch-tih-nyeh)
 * ...English-language magazines. : ...časopisy v angličtině. (CHAH-soh-pih-sih veh AHN-glihch-tih-nyeh)
 * ...an English-language newspaper. : ...noviny v angličtině. (NOH-vih-nih veh AHN-glihch-tih-nyeh)
 * ...an English-Czech dictionary. : ...anglicko-český slovník. (AHN-glihts-koh-CHEHS-kee SLOHF-neek)

Driving

 * I want to rent a car. : Chtěl bych si pronajmout auto. (khtyehl bihkh sih proh-NAI-mowt OW-toh)
 * Can I get insurance? : Můžu si sjednat pojištění? (MOO-zhuh sih SYEHD-naht POY-ihsh-tyeh-nee?)
 * stop (on a street sign) : stop (stohp)
 * one way : jednosměrná ulice (YEHD-nohs-myehr-nahh oo-LEE-tseh)
 * yield : dej přednost v jízdě (day PRZHEHD-nohst vah YEEZ-dyeh)
 * no parking : zákaz parkování (ZAHH-kahz PAHR-koh-vahh-nee)
 * speed limit : omezení rychlosti (oh-MEH-zeh-nee RIHKH-lohs-tih)
 * gas (petrol) station : čerpací stanice / benzínka (CHEHR-pah-tsee STAH-nih-tseh/BEHN-zeen-kah)
 * petrol : benzín (BEHN-zeen)
 * diesel : diesel / nafta (DEE-sehl/NAHF-tah)

Authority

 * I haven't done anything wrong. : Neudělal jsem nic špatného. (NEW-dyeh-lahl ysehm nihts SHPAHT-nehh-hoh)
 * It was a misunderstanding. : To bylo nedorozumění. (toh BIH-loh neh-DOH-roh-zoo-myeh-nee)
 * Where are you taking me? : Kam mě vedete? (kahm myeh veh-DEH-teh?)
 * Am I under arrest? : Jsem zatčen? (ysehm ZAHT-chehn?)
 * I am an American/Australian/British/Canadian citizen. : Jsem americký/australský/britský/kanadský občan. (ysehm ah-MEH-rits-kih/ows-TRAHLS-kih/BRIHTS-kih/kah-NAHDS-kih OHB-chahn)
 * I want to talk to the American/Australian/British/Canadian embassy(consulate). : Chci mluvit s americkým/australským/britským/kanadským konzulátem. (khtsih MLOO-viht sah ah-MEH-reets-kih/ows-TRAHLS-kih/BRIHTS-kih/kah-NAHDS-kihm kohn-ZOO-lahh-tehm)
 * I want to talk to a lawyer. : Chci mluvit s právníkem. (khtsee MLOO-viht suh PRAHHF-nee-kehm)
 * Can I just pay a fine now? : Stačí jen zaplatit a jít? (STAH-chee yehn ZAH-plah-tiht ah yeet?)

Language Barrier

 * Do you speak English? : Mluvíte anglicky? (MLOO-vee-teh AHN-glihts-kih?)
 * Does anyone speak English? : Mluví tu někdo anglicky? (MLOO-vee too NYEHK-doh ahn-GLIHTS-kih?)
 * I speak a little_____. : Umím trochu _____. (OO-meem TROH-koo___)
 * I understand. : Chápu./ Rozumím (KHAHH-poo/ ROH-zoo-meem)
 * I don't understand. : Nerozumím. (neh-ROH-zoo-meem)
 * Could you speak more slowly, please? : Mohl byste mluvit pomaleji, prosím?
 * Could you repeat that? : Mohl byste to zopakovat? (mohl BIHS-teh toh zoh-PAH-koh-vaht?)
 * What does_______mean? : Co znamená _____. (tsoh ZNAH-meh-nahh)
 * How do you say _____ ? : Jak se řekne _____ ? (yahk seh RZHEHK-neh____?)
 * What is this/that called? : Jak se tohle/tamto jmenuje? (yahk seh TOH-leh/TAHM-toh YMEH-noo-yeh?)
 * Could you show me in my dictionary/phrasebook? : Můžete mi ukázat v mém slovníku? (moo-ZHEH-teh mih oo-KAHH-zaht vuh mehhm SLOHV-nee-koo)

Emergencies

 * Help! : Pomoc! (POH-mohts!)
 * Look out! : Pozor! (POH-zohr!)
 * Fire! : Hoří! (HOH-rzhee!)
 * Go away! : Jděte pryč! (YDYEH-teh prihch!)
 * Thief! : Zloděj! (ZLOH-dyehj!)
 * Stop thief! : Chyťte zloděje! (KHIHTCH-teh ZLOH-dyeh-yeh!)
 * Call the police! : Zavolejte policii! (ZAH-voh-lay-teh POH-lih-tsee!)
 * Where is the police station? : Kde je tu policejní stanice? (kdeh yeh too POH-lih-tsay-nee STAH-nih-tseh?)
 * Can you help me please? : Mohl byste mi pomoct, prosím? (mohl BIHS-teh mih POH-mohts, PROH-seem?)
 * Could I use your telephone/mobil/cell phone? : Můžu si půjčit Váš telefon/mobil/mobilní telefon? (MOO-zhoo sih poo-ychit vaash TEH-leh-fohn/MOH-bihl/MOH-bihl-nee TEH-leh-fohn?)
 * There's been an accident! : Došlo k nehodě! (DOSH-loh kuh NEH-hoh-dyeh?)
 * Call a : Zavolejte (ZAH-voh-lay-teh)
 * ...doctor! : ...doktora! (DOHK-toh-rah!)
 * ...an ambulance! : ...záchranku! (ZAHH-khrahn-koo!)
 * I need medical attention! : Potřebuji lékaře! (POH-trzheh-boo-yih LEH-kah-rzhe!)
 * I'm ill. : Jsem nemocný. (ysehm NEH-moht-nee)
 * I'm lost. : Ztratil jsem se. (ZTRAH-tihl ysehm seh)
 * I've been raped! : Znásilnili mě! (ZNAHH-sihl-nih-lih myeh!)
 * Where are the toilets? : Kde jsou tu záchody? (kdeh ysoh too ZAHH-kho-dih?)

title: Czech phrasebook