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Boston Harbor Islands

The Boston Harbor Islands are a group of thirty-four islands in Massachusetts that are a unit of the United States National Park System.

Understand

 * Park website
 * The Boston Harbor Islands national park area is managed by a unique 13-member partnership called the Boston Harbor Islands Partnership,, which includes the National Park Service and other public and private organizations. Massachusetts claims 17 of the islands within Boston Harbor Island State Park.
 * During the summer season, the islands are open daily from 9AM until sunset. During spring and fall the islands are open on an abbreviated schedule. Special arrangements for school groups are possible for weekdays in spring, summer, and fall seasons. Some sites have additional hours.
 * Pets are not allowed on the islands.
 * Bicycle riding and rollerblading are not permitted.
 * Georges and Peddocks islands have paved walkways suitable for strollers.
 * Day-use permits are required for groups of 25 or more.

History
The islands have great historical significance in a number of ways. Archeological sites on 21 of the islands have been placed on the National Register of Historic Places and all the islands are considered likely to have significant sites. Evidence indicates that Native American peoples lived on the islands as early as 1000 BC and perhaps before they separated from the mainland sometime in the 2000 years previous to that. The highly alkaline shell-fragmented soils which preserve artifacts better than typical New England soils, and the relatively low-intensity use by Euro-Americans, make the islands an archeological treasure.

The islands have undergone many various uses over the years: agriculture, cemetery, fishing colony, fortifications, hospital, hotel or resort, industrial, poorhouse, prison, prisoner-of-war camp, quarantine, sewage treatment, lighthouses, and dumps.

Deer Island has particular significance to Native Americans as a place of imprisonment and interment during King Philip's War in the 1670s. Contemporary Native Americans return each October to commemorate their ancestors' suffering in this tragic slaughter. Indications are that 1000 or more American Indians were forced onto Deer and other islands, often to die of starvation. Later Deer Island also served as a quarantine hospital in 1847 to treat the many sick, impoverished Irish immigrants fleeing the potato famine.

In 1970 the Commonwealth of Massachusetts began acquiring islands for the benefit of the public. In 1985 Boston Harbor was named the most polluted harbor in the nation. After investment of $4 billion and extensive wastewater treatment efforts by the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority, improved water quality contributed to widespread support for establishing a national park area.

The Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area was established by act of Congress in 1996. The Partnership which governs it is made up of thirteen members appointed by the Secretary of the Interior to represent various Federal, State, City of Boston, and non-profit interests. The Partnership subsequently adopted the name "Boston Harbor Islands, a national park area" in response to Native Americans' objections to the term "recreation" being used for an area they consider sacred.

Landscape

 * The land area changes from 3100 acres to 1600 acres as the tide rises from low to high. The typical island, and even the peninsulas, consist of drumlins (rounded hills of till that form under glaciers). Some of the smaller islands are based on rocky outcroppings. The larger islands have a variety of landscapes—deciduous trees and thickets of bushes, salt marshes, bluffs, cliffs and, of course, beaches and waterscapes, including lighthouses.

Flora and fauna
Many of the islands have trees, with some having been planted for shade. Native plants such as bayberry and beach plum are abundant. Decorative flowers are in raised plantings so as not to disturb possible archeological sites. Many marine and migrating birds are found on the islands. Lovell Island has a large population of European hares put here in the 1940s and 1950s. Gallops Island also has a large population of rabbits.

Climate

 * Weather is variable, from clear, crisp days to stormy, chilly days. Water breezes make for cooler ferry rides, requiring jackets or windbreakers. Walking shoes, hats, sunscreen are essential.

By boat

 * Ferries run from four mainland locations to George's Island. Shuttles run a loop between George's and Hull to Lovells, Peddocks, Bumpkin, and Grape Islands. Daily ferry service is available from Long Wharf, Boston to Spectacle Island, and on Sundays, only a loop runs from EDIC Pier in South Boston to Thompson and Spectacle Islands.
 * Mainland ferry terminals, Phone: +1 617-223-8666, Schedules:.
 * Boston, 66 Long Wharf, at Christopher Columbus Park North of the Long Wharf Marriott. MBTA Blue Line to Aquarium stop.
 * South Boston, Dock #10, Drydock Av., off Summer Street, at EDIC Pier. Taxi or bus from South Station.
 * Hull, 180 Main Street, at Pemberton Point.
 * Quincy, 703 Washington Street, at Fore River Shipyard.
 * Moorings: Limited docking space is available for private boats at Georges Island on a first-come, first-served basis. On all other islands, docks are available for off-loading only. Small prams are available for anchoring off-shore. For information on moorings for private boats at Bumpkin, Georges, Peddocks and other Boston Harbor Islands, phone: +1 617-223-8666. For reservations and technical information, phone: +1 617-241-9640, email: moorings@basport.com. $10 day use, $25 overnight (2006).

By land
Even though some of the "islands" are really peninsulas, car travel is discouraged. Limited parking is available at Deer Island, Nut Island, Webb Memorial, and World's End.

Long and Moon Islands are accessible by land, but are not open to the public. Access is restricted by a police guard station at the mainland end of the causeway connecting them to the Quincy neighborhood of Squantum.

 * Deer Island
 * Public transportation: Take the MBTA Blue Line to Orient Heights station. Then Paul Revere Bus company has transportation to Point Shirley (Buses # 712 or 713.)
 * By car: Take the I-93 to the Callahan Tunnel. Enter Callahan Tunnel. Turn right onto William F. McClellan Highway. Turn right onto Boardman Street to rotary, go halfway around and continue on Saratoga Street. Saratoga Street becomes Main Street. After passing "Entering Winthrop" sign, take first right onto Pleasant Street. At "Stop" sign, take a right on Shirley Street. Follow Shirley Street to Elliot Street. Take a right and follow Elliot Street around to the left. Take a right onto Taft Avenue and follow to the Main Security Gate.

 * William Webb Memorial Park
 * By car take Route 3A south from Boston to Weymouth, turn left on Neck Street. Follow to River Street.

 * Worlds End Reservation
 * By car: From Route 3, take exit 14 and follow Route 228 north towards Hingham for 6.5 miles. Turn left onto Route 3A and follow for 0.7 mi. Turn right onto Summer Street and, at major intersection with Rockland Street, continue straight across. Road becomes Martin's Lane. Follow for 0.7 mile until it dead ends at entrance.

 * Nut Island
 * By car: Take Sea Street in Quincy from Route 3A.

Fees and permits

 * No entrance fee (but without your own boat, you will need to get ferry tickets to reach the islands.)
 * Round-trip passenger fare, including the ferry to Georges Island and water shuttle to five other islands. Adults: $17, seniors (65+): $12, college students & active military with ID: $12, children 3-12: $10, under 3: free, family four pack: $43 (2 adults & 2 children), ten-ticket pack: $140 (2016).

Get around

 * Walk the trails and beaches. There are no vehicles.
 * Sea kayaking is excellent here, but aware that very large ships use the channel areas.

Georges Island
is the transportation center for shuttles to other islands. It has a large dock, picnic grounds, open fields, paved walkways, a parade ground and a gravel beach. Georges also has a snack bar.

Peddocks Island

 * Military ruins exist on this large island from Fort Andrews but most are closed to the public. There also over forty cottages, some of which are private residences.
 * Views of downtown Boston and Hull.

Bumpkin Island

 * Remains of an old stone farmhouse and the foundation of a burned hospital is about all there is to see here.
 * Two group picnic areas on the southwest of the island offers excellent views of the Hingham Islands, Sara, Ragged, Langlee and Worlds End, Slate, Grape and Sheep Islands. An outlook shelter on the northwest side of the island offers views of Boston, Peddocks, and Hull, with a partial view of Great Brewster Island.
 * A sand spit, exposed at low tide, connects the eastern end of the island to Sunset Point in Hull.

Lovells Island

 * Fort Standish. The remains of this World War I-era fortification.
 * A favorite of campers, Lovells has trails that pass by dunes and woods, picnic areas, and a supervised swimming beach.
 * Lovells is famous for its shipwrecks, especially the French warship Magnifique in 1782.

Grape Island

 * Primarily used for agriculture in the past, this island has abundant berries and is managed as a wildlife sanctuary by the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation. Grape Island has camping, picnic areas, wooded trails and guided walks.
 * Special events include a "wild edibles" tour.

Spectacle Island
features a visitor center and marina. A café sells burgers, sandwiches, hot dogs, chowder, coffee, tea, and healthy snacks. Sunscreen, hats, books, and cameras are available as well. There are two sandy beaches, and five miles of walking trails that lead to the crest of a 157-foot-high hill, giving great views of the harbor and Boston's skyline. Supervised swimming is offered daily.
 * Marina rates(2006) Day rate (9AM-5PM): $15 for vessels less than 30 feet; $25 for vessels 30 feet and greater. Overnight rate (5PM-10:30AM the following day): $1.50/foot.

Thompson Island

 * This island, named for the man who established a trading post here in 1626, was leased for farmland for many years. In 1833 the first vocational school in America was built here—a school for orphaned boys. Today the island is home to Thompson Island Outward Bound.
 * The island is open to the public only on Sundays in June, July and August. Programs for schools, youth, and adults are conducted year-round by Outward Bound, Phone: +1 617-328-3900.

Little Brewster Island

 * Little Brewster, a 3-acre rocky outcropping, is best known as the home of the 102 ft Boston Light, the country's oldest continually used lighthouse site (1716). Scheduled to be the last automated lighthouse, preservation groups have delayed this and kept lighthouse keepers here.
 * This is an active Coast Guard navigational aid facility; the buildings are not open to casual visitors and there are no public rest rooms on the island.
 * Little Brewster Island is open to private boaters on Fridays, Saturdays, and Sundays from 12:30PM-3PM for drop-off and pick-up only -- no docking. Boaters must anchor off shore.
 * Little Brewster Island is open to private boaters on Fridays, Saturdays, and Sundays from 12:30PM-3PM for drop-off and pick-up only -- no docking. Boaters must anchor off shore.

Webb Memorial Park

 * No boat access. Enter from River Street, Weymouth. Year round, dawn to dusk. Free parking, restrooms (handicapped accessible).
 * This ancient site, valued for its fishing, shellfishing and abundant fruits, was severely contaminated by a fertilizer company over a period of 50 years and later was home to a missile facility. Reclaimed in the late 1970s, this peninsula offers quiet trail walks, picnicking and fishing with views of Boston's skyline. From May-Oct. a large pavilion is available for rent to large groups.

World's End

 * No boat access. Enter from Martin's Lane, Hingham. Limited parking (fee charged). Toilets available.
 * The Trustees for Reservations purchased this pastoral landscape designed under Frederick Law Olmsted's plans and partially developed. Many of the features of Olmsted's plan for the grounds remain, including gravel paths, formal tree plantings and hedgerows bordering old farm fields. World's End is formed by two drumlins which overlook Hingham Bay and has rocky beaches, ledges, cliffs, patches of salt marsh and an area of freshwater marsh.
 * World's End offers trails for nature study, cross-country skiing, and, by permission, horseback riding. This is an excellent place to "just go for a walk".

Deer Island

 * Two-thirds of this peninsula, which was once an island, is taken up by the second largest sewage treatment plant in the US. 60 acres of park land surround plant for walking, jogging, picnicking, and fishing. A 2.6-mile perimeter pathway and another 2 miles of trails on the hills of the island.
 * Public areas are open daily from dawn to dusk. The Massachusetts Water Resources Authority (MWRA), phone: +1 617-660-7607, offers group tours of the treatment plant.

Other islands
Other islands are accessible only by private boat which is sometimes discouraged due to rocky shores. Other islands in the park are: Button, Calf, Gallops, The Graves, Great Brewster, Green, Hangman, Langlee, Little Calf, Middle Brewster, Nixes Mate, Outer Brewster, Raccoon, Ragged, Rainsford, Sarah, Shag, Sheep, Slate, and Snake.

Do

 * For park event listings phone: +1 617-223-8666, or check the web.
 * to Little Brewster Island for Boston Light Tour.
 * to Thompson Island for public tours,
 * and for discovery tours of the outer harbor.
 * and for discovery tours of the outer harbor.

Eat
Refreshment concessions are available on Georges Island and Spectacle Island.

Drink
There is no nightlife on any of the islands, but sometimes there will be beer tastings on George's Island in the afternoon.

Sleep
There are no motels, hotels or bed and breakfasts in the park.

Camping

 * Camping is available on three of the islands: Grape, Bumpkin, and Lovells. The season runs from late June and ends Labor Day weekend. Reservations are required and can be made online or call toll-free: +1-877-422-6762. Reservations are not site specific; an island ranger will assign you a campsite or area at check-in. Campers and camping equipment are limited to 14 cumulative days of occupancy.

Costs In addition to transportation costs, camping fees (all prices are per night, four night maximum stay, 2017):
 * Tent site: MA resident $8, non-resident $10
 * Yurt: MA resident $55, non-resident $60
 * A group site is $35 per night for groups of 1 to 25 people. The fee for more than 25 people is $1/person plus a $25 group charge.

What to expect
 * Limited facilities are provided: composting toilets, picnic tables, and benches. Some islands have trail-side shade shelters. There are no flush toilets, showers, fresh water, electricity or telephones; and no food or camping supply stores on the islands. It is recommended that campers bring one gallon of drinking water per person per day on the island.
 * There is a carry-in/carry-out policy as trash receptacles are limited. Leave-no-trace camping applies.
 * On-island rangers are equipped with emergency communications.

Stay safe

 * Heed warnings to stay out of some structures. Unsafe floors or other hazards may exist.
 * In some buildings where entry is allowed beware of steep drops, open holes in parapets, rusty rebar, railings and pipes, and crumbling concrete surfaces.
 * Beware of nesting birds, especially if visiting other islands by private boat. They can be aggressive during this time.
 * There is a lot of poison ivy on the islands.

title: Boston Harbor Islands


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Bothell

Bothell is a city in Washington of around 33,000. It's on the Sammamish River near Woodinville, just 4 or 5 miles northeast of Seattle.

Do
Bothell has a small selections of tourist-like things to do. However, Country Village is a cute small shopping area where chickens run around and you can spend the day. There is also Mcmenamins hotel that has 3 restaurants, 4 bars, and a swimming pool to go to.

Eat
Local favorites include The Ranch Drive-in and Pocco de Gallo. A venture a few feet down the busy Bothell Way will bring you to the Yakima Fruit market where one can pick up some locally grown fruits and other foods.

 * The Cottage, 10029 NE 183rd St, Bothell, WA 98011. Aesthetically pleasing
 * The Cottage, 10029 NE 183rd St, Bothell, WA 98011. Aesthetically pleasing

Sleep

 * Mcmenamins Anderson School, 18607 Bothell Way NE, Bothell, WA 98011, (425) 398-0122
 * Mcmenamins Anderson School, 18607 Bothell Way NE, Bothell, WA 98011, (425) 398-0122
 * Mcmenamins Anderson School, 18607 Bothell Way NE, Bothell, WA 98011, (425) 398-0122
 * Mcmenamins Anderson School, 18607 Bothell Way NE, Bothell, WA 98011, (425) 398-0122

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Bothell


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Botoșani

Botoșani is a city in Moldavia, Romania.

See

 * Ciomac Cantemir House
 * Vasilache Puppet Theatre
 * Old Centre
 * Vila Ventura
 * Mihai Eminescu National Theatre
 * Monastery Popăuți
 * Casa Moscovici
 * Octav Onicescu Memorial Museum
 * County museums
 * Silion House

Do

 * Football: FC Botoșani play soccer in Liga 1, the top tier. Their home ground Stadionul Municipal (capacity 7800) is 500 m southeast of the railway station.

title: Botoșani


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Botswana

Botswana is a landlocked country in Southern Africa, completely surrounded by five countries: Namibia, South Africa, Angola, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Botswana is a true gem among African nations, boasting a remarkable level of wealth and tranquility that few other countries on the continent can match. With its high standard of living and extremely low crime rates, Botswana has established itself as an oasis of stability amidst the many challenges faced by its neighbours. But Botswana is much more than just a peaceful haven. This captivating country is also home to a wealth of attractions that are sure to delight any traveller. From the stunning Tsodilo Hills and Chobe National Park to the Moremi Game Reserve in the Okavango Delta and the Central Kalahari Game Reserve, there is no shortage of natural wonders to explore.

Cities

There are only two major cities in Botswana, being Francistown and Gaborone which is also the capital city.
 * or Gabs – a neat and tidy little capital, but with rapidly growing shantytowns on its periphery
 * – second largest city in Botswana
 * – cattle ranching town in the Kalahari and refueling stop on the road to Maun and the Okavango Delta
 * – small village and gateway to the Makgadikgadi Pans
 * – town in southern Botswana with some natural sites
 * – small town on the Chobe River and a good base to explore Chobe National Park and the nearby Victoria Falls
 * – the main tourist center of northern Botswana and launching point for trips to the Okavango Delta. It has good road, bus and air connections
 * – small village at the meeting point of roads to Francistown, Kasane and Maun
 * – village in the Kalahari Desert with a camel park

Other destinations

 * – a unique geological formation where a delta is formed by a river (the Okavango) flowing into the Kalahari desert instead of the ocean. Part of the Delta is designated as Moremi Game Reserve.
 * – the second-largest wildlife reserve in the world.
 * – a great place to see wildlife with the greatest concentration of elephants in Africa, and a good point from which to move on to Victoria Falls.
 * – a unique corner of Africa where nature & culture combine in spectacular wildlife, stunning scenery and fascinating history.
 * – contains rock art that has been made for over 100,000 years, with around 4,500 rock paintings.
 * – a unique corner of Africa where nature & culture combine in spectacular wildlife, stunning scenery and fascinating history.
 * – contains rock art that has been made for over 100,000 years, with around 4,500 rock paintings.

History
Botswana was never really colonised by the Europeans: instead in 1885, John Mackenzie, who was a Scottish Christian missionary, argued for the land and human rights of the tribe of Bamangwato which he worked really close with. He believed the territory of the Ngwato was being threatened by the Boers to the south who were then capturing and settling in areas owned by the African tribes. Because of this he and the three chiefs of the three major tribes travelled to Britain to negotiate for the establishment of what became the Bechuanaland Protectorate, to be ruled directly from Britain. As a protectorate rather than a British colony, the local Tswana rulers were left in power, and British administration was limited to the police force to protect Bechuanaland's borders against other European colonial ventures and the Boers. In June 1964, the British queen accepted proposals for a democratic self-government in the protectorate. In 1966 the protectorate came to be known as the Republic of Botswana as it had gained independence from the British. The country now celebrates Independence Day on the 30th of September annually.

Formerly one of the poorest countries in the world, Botswana is now an upper middle-income country, possessing a high standard of living and a high GDP per capita that very few African countries possess. Diamond mining is the backbone of the Botswanan economy, comprising roughly 50-60% of the country's annual revenues.

Government
Botswana has been a stable representative democracy since independence and has been largely devoid of the racial and ethnic conflict some of its neighbours have suffered from — perhaps due in part to the relative dominance of its majority Tswana ethnic group.

Public holidays
The public holidays in Botswana are:
 * New Year's Day
 * Easter weekend ("Good Friday", "Holy Saturday", "Easter Sunday" and "Easter Monday"): a four day long weekend in March or April set according to the Western Christian dates)
 * Workers Day (1 May)
 * Sir Seretse Khama Day (1 July)
 * President's Day (Mid July)
 * Independence Day (30 September)
 * Christmas Day (25 December)
 * Boxing Day (26 December)
 * The first Monday after Christmas is also a public holiday.

People
The Tswana, for whom Botswana is named, comprise 79% of the population. The principal Tswana tribes are: The tribes of Bakwena, Bangwato and Bangwaketse are all related, they were formed in the 17th century when three brothers, Kwena, Ngwaketse and Ngwato, broke away from their father, Chief Malope, to establish their own tribes, this due to a drought and search for new pastures and arable land.
 * Bafokeng
 * Bakwena
 * Balete
 * Bangwato
 * BaNgwaketse
 * Barolong
 * Bataung
 * Batlhaping
 * Batlôkwa

Other than the Tswana tribes, there is also the Kalanga who reside in the northeast side of Botswana near Zimbabwe, the Ndebele, the Khoi and San who make about 13% of country's total population, the remaining 8% is made up of several groups which even include Boer descendants, Kgalagadi, whites etc.

Visitor information

 * botswanatourism.co.bw (official tourism website)

Talk
The official languages of Botswana are English and Tswana.

Tswana is the country's national language and usually serves as people's first language.

You are not really pressured to learn Tswana as English is widely used in everyday business. Almost everyone you encounter will speak and understand English; it won't be that hard to converse with the locals, but it is also best to learn a bit of Tswana, just to be on the safe side.

A lot of older people in rural areas might understand a bit of English but won't speak it very well.

Entry requirements
Unlike more stiff necked administrations such as India, Pakistan, Nigeria and China, the Botswana government has not erected high bureaucratic barriers to enrichment from tourism.

Citizens of Commonwealth countries do not need a visa to visit except those from Bangladesh, Cameroon, Ghana, India, Nigeria, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.

Citizens of European Union countries, Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein and Switzerland do not require a visa to visit.

Citizens of Argentina, Angola, Bahrain, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Israel, Japan, Kuwait, Mexico, Oman, Paraguay, Peru, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, South Sudan, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United States of America, Uruguay, Venezuela, Zimbabwe do not require a visa to visit.

For citizens of other nations, a visa must be obtained prior to arrival and this usually takes about a week to process.

Visas can be applied for at a Botswana embassy in Australia, Belgium, Brazil, China, Ethiopia, India, Japan, Kenya, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Zambia, Zimbabwe and at the United Nations in New York City, USA.

If you require a visa to enter Botswana, you might be able to apply for one at a British embassy, high commission or consulate in the country where you legally reside if there is no Botswana diplomatic post. The UK Government website lists UK embassies around the world where Commonwealth visas can be issued. British diplomatic posts charge £50 to process a Botswana visa application and an extra £70 if the authorities in Botswana require the visa application to be referred to them. The authorities in Botswana can also decide to charge an additional fee if they correspond with you directly.

By plane
Botswana's main airport is Sir Seretse Khama International Airport which is located roughly 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of downtown Gaborone, which has international flights from Zimbabwe, South Africa, Namibia, Kenya and Ethiopia. The airport in Maun can also be reached via Johannesburg, Cape Town, or Gaborone and, once a day, from Windhoek, Namibia. The distance between Gaborone and Maun is more than 1,000 km. Maun is very much a tourist area.

Airlines that fly to Gaborone are:
 * Air Botswana from Harare, Victoria Falls, Lusaka, Johannesburg, Cape Town.
 * Airlink from Johannesburg.
 * Ethiopian Airlines via Addis Ababa from Europe, Asia, Africa.
 * Kenya Airways via Nairobi from Europe, Asia, Africa.
 * TAAG Angola Airlines from Luanda.

By train
Trains from South Africa have been withdrawn since 1999. For domestic train service, see.

By car
There are several entry points by road to Botswana: in the south at Gaborone, providing access from Johannesburg; in the west providing access from Namibia; the north providing access from Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe; and at Francistown in the east, providing access from Harare. All road access is good and the primary roads within Botswana are paved and well maintained.

Possibly the busiest border crossing from South Africa is the Kopfontein/Tlokweng border crossing, as it is only a few minutes from the capital of Botswana. As a result, it is open for a long period of time, and has a large number of trucks travelling through.

Coming from Namibia, you can either go north to Maun, or south along the Trans-Kalahari Highway to Lobatse.

All foreign registered vehicles entering Botswana are required to pay a National Road Safety Fund levy, and a Road Transport Permit levy. The amounts for a vehicle up to 3,500 kg and up to 15 seats are P50 for the safety fund and P52 for the transport permit. Be aware that from August 2019 onwards, foreign currencies are not accepted anymore because of the exchange costs associated with them. Credit cards are accepted. This information can be obtained from www.burs.org.bw, sections customs and excise, clearance of motor vehicles.

By international bus
There is regular bus service from Johannesburg to Gaborone, which takes six hours. Intercape Mainliner is one of the bus lines to Gaborone from Johannesburg.

There are also buses to Gaborone from Zimbabwe, and to Gaborone from Windhoek, Namibia.

 * Monnakgotla travel have buses twice a week to Gaborone from Windhoek Namibia.
 * Metrolyn bus lines have buses to Gaborone from Harare Zimbabwe.
 * T J Motlogelwa Expess have buses to Gaborone from Johannesburg twice a day.

Get around
Very few locals know street names and addresses, and you are likely to have to get directions in terms of landmarks. Botswana doesn't have a postal delivery system to addresses (just to centralised mail collection points), so even when streets are well-marked, the names may be unfamiliar to residents.

Through a combination of coaches and combies (minivans) and taxies, you can get anywhere in Botswana without any trouble, though public transport is spotty away from big cities and major routes but hitchhiking is popular and very easy. However, hitchhiking should only be done in desperate circumstances, as Botswana driving is often very erratic and it can be a harrowing experience to have a stranger drive you somewhere. It is advisable to arrive at the bus station quite early, as the buses do fill up quickly, and it is not uncommon to spend several hours standing in the aisle waiting for a seat to free up (remember to bring water, as the buses are often not air conditioned).Apart from Public transport you can opt to call a private cab which can take you anywhere you want in around and around the city, phone numbers for cabs can be found anywhere around the city in pamphlets pasted on bus stops or can be found in notice boards mainly located in shopping malls.

By taxi
Taxis are the most common way to travel; the taxis can only travel on designated routes so it's best to ask first where the taxi is heading and where it makes its stops, taxis can only travel in the city it is in, i.e. you can't catch a taxi in a specific city and intend to travel outside that specific city with that taxi. Taxis as of 2022 cost only P9.00 which roughly equals 0.80 US Dollars.

By car
The roads are paved and well maintained, so travel by car is also not a problem. Traffic is on the left in right-hand drive vehicles (as in South Africa or the United Kingdom). Much of the road network outside urban areas is unpaved and requires four-wheel drive vehicles. There are no signposts in rural areas, so independent travellers are advised to use a GPS device. In sparsely populated areas, at least two vehicles should be used. Car accidents are common.

It is advisable to ensure in advance that you have fuel and water for your next destination, as well as a spare tyre. When travelling at night, watch out for sleeping donkeys, cows and other animals on the roads.

The Trans-Kalahari Highway is an old cattle route, now newly paved and easily drivable with a 2-wheel drive. It runs from Lobatse to Ghanzi in Botswana, making the connection from Windhoek, Namibia to Gaborone, Botswana. It is a long and uneventful drive, but you get a good feel for the Kalahari Desert. Fuel is available in Kang at the Kang Ultra Shop, which also offers a respectable selection of food, overnight chalets, and inexpensive camping.

By bus
Every city in Botswana has its own bus station and set of bus stops where you can catch a bus to any part of the country surrounding the city where you initially boarded the bus. From Gaborone you can travel by bus to practically any major city around the country. If you intend to board a bus in a city except Gaborone, it is best to first ask a local where you can catch the bus as most cities bus stations and bus stops aren't easy to find using only a GPS or a map.It is also best to inquire first about the bus fare of the bus you intend to board as buses have different fares depending on where you board the bus and where you intend to get off. The buses on major routes are pretty nice compared to many other African countries, but still not exactly luxurious: 5 sometimes 4, non-reclining seats in a row, little leg-room and no bathrooms (however, they generally make frequent stops that are long enough to use a bathroom and buy some food). Smaller buses are even less comfortable and more likely to fill up completely. If travelling during the winter (Jun, Jul, and Aug) make sure to dress in layers, since it is freezing cold in the morning and toasty hot in the afternoon. Most smaller buses do not have any air-conditioning, and sometimes you might need to carry some of your luggage with you as smaller buses have limited space for putting your luggage, this might make your journey a little uncomfortable,so think ahead...be early to secure spots for your luggage.

By train
Botswana Railways operates all trains in the country. The main line goes from Lobatse, near the South African border, via Gaborone to Francistown at the Zimbabwean border. Passenger trains stopped operating during Covid and have not been reintroduced yet.

See
Wildlife is Botswana's main draw. Wildlife parks compose nearly one-fifth of the country. In these parks you will find lions, cheetahs, crocodiles, hippos, elephants, antelopes, wild dogs, and hundreds of species of birds. Visitors can take safaris and stay in lodges running the gamut from inexpensive dorms for backpackers with tour buses to $1,000+/night private lodges with your own maid & driver.

Among Southern Africa's most impressive—and popular—wildlife destinations is the Okavango Delta where the Okavango River widens into the world's largest inland delta. Lying in the middle of the arid Kalahari, the swamps & water channels attract animals from thousands of kilometres around and triples in size (to 100,000 km2!) during floods in July and August. Nearby Chobe National Park has a large population of elephants and it's also easy to spot many of Africa's well-known species, especially zebras and lions. The bleak salt pans of Makgadikgadi Pans National Park attract a large number and variety of birds year-round. Other great game parks include Nxai Pan National Park, Mokolodi Nature Reserve, & Gemsbok National Park.

Most of the native tribes in Botswana only dress in traditional outfits and perform for tourists. The villages of D'Kar and Xai-Xai have many offerings, including arts, crafts, and the opportunity to participate in various performances. Tsodilo Hills contain one of the largest collections of rock art on the continent.The perfect time to witness all the tribes in one place performing would be in mid July during the national arts festival but also if you want to see a more specific tribe it would be best to attend their own unique festival most notably the Dithubaruba Cultural Festival held annually for 2 days by the Kwena tribe in Kweneng region in September. The Bakgatla tribe also have their own unique culture festival which is usually held after a successful farming season.

Money
Botswana's currency is the pula, denoted by the symbol "P" (ISO 4217 code: BWP). It is subdivided into 100 thebe. Pula means "rain" in Setswana (rain is very scarce in Botswana - home to much of the Kalahari Desert - and therefore valuable and a "blessing"). Thebe means "shield".

Banknotes of Botswana are issued in denominations of P10, 20, 50, 100 and 200, and coins of Botswana are issued in denominations of 5t, 10t, 25t, 50t, P1, P2 and P5. The pula is one of the strongest and most stable currencies in Africa.

click here to see how you can identify the Banknotes and coins.

Eat
The cuisine of Botswana is unique but also shares some characteristics with other cuisine of Southern Africa. Examples of Botswana food include Pap, Samp, Vetkoek and Mopane worms.

A food unique to Botswana includes Seswaa, a meat dish made of beef, goat or lamb meat. The fatty meat is generally boiled until tender in any pot, with "just enough salt", and shredded or pounded. It is often served with pap (maize meal) or sorghum meal porridge.

Drink
Many soft drinks and alcoholic drinks are produced in factories in Botswana, including Fanta and Coca-Cola. Local brands are Castle and Lion beers. Milk is fermented to make madila (sour milk) which is eaten on its own or added to porridge. A favourite non alcoholic home made drink is ginger beer. A local company Native Foods also produces a variety of refreshments including Mosukujane Iced Tea.

Sleep
Most of the accommodation establishments in Botswana are located near the larger towns and cities, but there are also many secluded game lodges tucked away in the wilderness areas. A few places have backpackers hotels and there is many campsites.

Learn
The University of Botswana is in Gaborone and Botswana International University of Science and Technology (BIUST) is in Palapye. A number of private tertiary instituations such as Limkokwing University, Botho University, Boitekanelo College, Ba-Isago University also offers a variety programs for study.

Work
Botswana has an extremely high unemployment rate (25.4% as of February 2023); therefore, it can be difficult to secure employment in the country.

Due to Botswana's heavy reliance on the mining industry, you might be able to find a job in that sector.

Stay safe
People in Botswana are very friendly and the crime rate is low. Nevertheless, crime has been on the rise over the past several years, so always be aware of your surroundings. Basic common sense will keep you safe from the predatory wildlife in rural areas. Botswana is one of the safest countries in Africa, no civil war, less corruption, more human rights, no natural disasters e.g. earthquakes or tsunamis.

Drugs
Drug trafficking is punished by a mandatory prison sentence. This is important for you to know because if you need to take prescription drugs into Botswana, you will have to show a prescription for each medication and if undeclared, you may be subject to a fine or even worse, a prison sentence, since any type of drug smuggling is entirely frowned upon.

Stay healthy
Generally speaking, medical care in Botswana is quite good compared to other African countries. Botswana has a universal healthcare system and the vast majority of people live within five kilometers of a healthcare facility. Cities like Gaborone have wonderful hospitals, but quality healthcare is non-existent in rural areas.

In case of an emergency and you want to be assisted quickly, it is best to find a private hospital rather than a government hospital, though this might cost you. If it's a small emergency that doesn't need medical attention quickly, it is best to go to a government owned hospital/clinic.

If you run out of your prescription pills/medicines and you have a form of proof that you need them, be it a letter from your doctor or your prescription bill, you can go to the nearest pharmacy (dubbed chemist by locals) and present your proof to the Pharmacist so they can assist. The fee depends on the pills/medicine you need.

Perhaps the biggest health danger is HIV/AIDS. Botswana has been experiencing one of the most severe HIV/AIDS epidemics in the world. As of 2022, the country's HIV/AIDS prevalence rate among adults is at 22.2%, which is the third highest HIV/AIDS prevalence rate in the world. Take the necessary precautions, including not sharing needles and never having unprotected sex. If you form a serious relationship with a local, you both should consider getting an HIV test before taking things further.

The northern part of Botswana, including Chobe National Park and the Okavango Delta is in a malaria zone, so it is advisable to take the relevant precautions. Seek medical advice before travelling to these areas; vaccines such as typhoid and hepatitis A+B (if not already immune) are usually recommended. Oral vaccines are also suggested for prevention of diarrhea and cholera.

Water in urban and semi-urban areas is chlorinated, and is drunk from the tap by the local population. Still, short term visitors should drink bottled water to avoid traveller's diarrhoea. Outside of urban and semi-urban areas, the water is contaminated, and should not be used for drinking, ice-cubes, teeth cleaning, or eating washed unpeeled fruits and vegetables.

Connect
Botswana's country code is +267 which was allocated to the country by the International Telecommunications Union in the late 1960s, Fixed line numbers in Botswana are seven digits long in a closed telephone numbering plan, with the geographical area being indicated by the first two or three digits, meaning that there are no area codes.

Calling formats
xx xxxxx or xxx xxxxx – calling within Botswana +267 xx xxxxx or +267 xxx xxxxx - calling from outside Botswana [countrycode] Areacode][Phonenumber] - if calling an international number from within Botswana.

click here for an extended page on Botswana phone numbers and how to call to and from Botswana.

Internet As of 2022 the government is working on installing free public WiFi in shopping malls and several government owned facilities, so you there's high chance of you stumbling upon free WiFi while shopping for stuff. Apart from free public WiFi, several shopping malls and shops have their own free WiFi dubbed WiFi Hot-spots for their customers, even though this kind of WiFi is free. You can only use it for about 15 minutes i.e. per phone, if that time expires you might need to buy a token if you still want to connect. Libraries also have free WiFi, each library has a set of desktop computers available for anyone who wants to use them. There are also plenty of internet cafes with desktop computers available if you don't feel like going to a library or if you can't find one.

Depending on the internet provider, the speed of the WiFi you've connected to can be fast or slow. If you're using public free WiFi there's a high chance that you're not the only one on that WiFi, so it will definitely be slow.

You can also buy personal internet data bundles using your phone, depending on what mobile telecommunications company you bought your sim-card from internet speed can be fast or slow also depending on where you are in the country (4G speed in and around the big cities and 3G and even 2G speed in very rural areas).

title: Botswana


text:
Bottineau

Bottineau is a town in the Turtle Mountains of North Dakota. It is located about 10 miles south of the Canadian border, in the Turtle Mountains and is known as the four seasons playground of North Dakota. It has a population of 2,234 people.

Understand
The county and city are named after the frontier scout Pierre Bottineau.

Do

 * Hunting, fishing, hiking, biking, boating, jet-skiing, bird watching, swimming, camping, rodeo. Click here

title: Bottineau


text:
Bottle Beach

Bottle Beach (also called Haad Khuad) is a beach in the north part of Ko Pha Ngan in Southern Thailand.

Understand
Bottle Beach has been called one of the best beaches in Thailand, according to Conde Naste Traveller. It's secluded and has a laid-back atmosphere.

Historically, it was the home to fishing communities of Chinese ancestry. In the 1980s, European tourists visited the area, bringing it out of obscurity. It became popular with backpackers, and remains so today.

Get in
All trips to the island end in visitors taking a boat, however, there are various ways to get to your boat. All of these trips will have you arriving at Thong Sala, the main port of the island, or Chaloklum or Haad Rin. Depending on the boat, it takes between 15–40 minutes. Take a taxi or songthaew to Chaloklum. Once you arrive at Chaloklum, you can take a boat to Bottle Beach. The taxi drivers should know how to get you to Bottle Beach and the proper boat docks to bring you there.

Bottle beach 1 resort has a regular taxi-boat schedule (BB to Chaloklum at 8:30, 11:00, 14:00, 17:00, Chaloklum to BB at 10:00, 12:00, 15:30, 17:30) leaving about 100m after "Rose villa, Chaloklum" for 100 THB per person and direction, at other times or to other destinations not scheduled it´s about 200 THB; transfer by car between Bottle beach and Thong Sala pier is 200 THB if arranged by the resort (all prices and times as of March 2016). The other resorts should have similar arrangements, check with the one you´re staying with.

There are other taxi boats for hire (near the restaurant just before you reach "Rose villa"), they usually request 150 THB/person with a minimum of 5 persons.

By bus
The cheapest way to get to Bottle Beach is by bus, which will eventually lead to a ferry ride to Ko Pha Ngan. VIP offers a cheap bus service to the island. You can catch VIP buses from Bangkok's main bus terminal and purchase tickets there, or from travel agencies. Bus tickets should include ferry tickets, but always double check.

By boat
Two private companies offer trips from Chumphon and Bangkok to the island:

By plane
Flights leave Bangkok to Ko Samui approximately 20 times a day, two airlines provide flight services. Whether you purchase your tickets ahead of time or at the airport, make sure you request a ferry transfer to get to the island.

Another possibility would be to fly to Suratthani airport, both Lomprayah and Seatran offer a combined bus/ferry ticket from/to the airport.

By train
You can travel via train from Bangkok's to the town of Surat Thani. The train takes about 11 hours, but visitors should note that the train station is not in Surat Thani itself, and you will need to take onward transport to the pier. Sleeping cars are available. It's more expensive than the bus, but more comfortable. You can get a 2nd class sleeper bed for 844 baht or a smaller "upper" bed without a window for 754 baht. Alternatively, you can pay a bit more for a "first class" bed which is a private room for two people. When you arrive at Surat Thani, you'll take the ferry from the pier named Donsak.

Do

 * Diving is a popular activity at Bottle Beach. Scuba and snorkelling are offered from the resorts. While Bottle Beach has fish and related undersea wildlife, there are no coral reefs.
 * Hiking on one of the many trails on the island. Hotels and resorts offer trekking tours and you can also do your own self-guided hikes. Hike to the highest point of the island, at 600 m.
 * Go kayaking and explore the other nearby islands.
 * Get a Thai massage on the beach which is often offered by hotels and resorts on the beach.

Eat
There are 2 restaurants along the beach, which offer food of questionable quality.

Drink
Being a resort beach, most of the resorts in the area have their own bars. You can also visit Chalok Lam for additional bars.

Stay safe
A young boy died at Bottle Beach in 2014 from the stings of a multi-tentacle box jellyfish. Especially young children are in danger since they usually jump and splash around more than adults. This attracts the animals. Think about getting a lycra suit for your kids. Carrying a bottle of vinegar might be a good idea as well.

Go next

 * Chalok Lam - Tours and general transportation to Chaloklum should be available from Bottle Beach resorts.

title: Bottle Beach


text:
Bouaké

Bouaké is Cote d'Ivoire's second-largest city, located in the Eastern Plantations region.

By train
There are a few trains each week from Abidjan on their way to Ouagadougou and back but timetabling is pretty hit and miss.

By car
It takes 1.5 hours from Yamoussoukro. The road has deep potholes so care is needed. It would be wise not to try it at night because of the potholes.

See

Connect
French and English language broadcasts are available from BBC World Service on 93.9MHz.

title: Bouaké


text:
Bouches-du-Rhône

Bouches-du-Rhône is a department in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France.

Cities

 * — city of water, city of art
 * — an inspiration for Vincent van Gogh, as well as numerous Roman remains
 * - Birthplace of cinema and of pétanque. Great for beaches, walking, sightseeing, touring, and a fantastic place to base a visit to the area.
 * — Nicknamed the "Provençale Venice"
 * - Birthplace of cinema and of pétanque. Great for beaches, walking, sightseeing, touring, and a fantastic place to base a visit to the area.
 * — Nicknamed the "Provençale Venice"
 * — Nicknamed the "Provençale Venice"

Other destinations

 * — a low range of mountains whose pretty villages both inspired and haunted the imagination of Van Gogh
 * — one of Europe's largest river deltas and wetlands, a great place to spot flamingos and French cowboys

title: Bouches-du-Rhône


text:
Bouddi National Park

Bouddi National Park is on the central coast of New South Wales in Australia.

History
The Bouddi National Park was originally known as the Bouddi Natural Park. It received its name at the second meeting of the park trust held on 5 July 1936. Other names considered were Maitland Bay Park, Cape Three Points Reserve and Gerrinbombi Park. The reason for the choice was that Bouddi is the authenticated Aboriginal name of the most conspicuous feature of the district and appears on maps as early as 1828. Bouddi is an indigenous word for the heart. The trust had been founded the year earlier to manage the reserve and had representation from the NSW Federation of Bushwalking Clubs and the former Erina Shire Council.

In 1967 the park, by then totalling about 1,310 acres (530 ha), was dedicated as a national park under the newly passed legislation and was renamed Bouddi State Park. Its management became the responsibility of the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service, and soon afterwards the trust was reconstituted as an advisory committee. On 1 January 1974, the National Parks and Wildlife Act dispensed with the category of state parks and Bouddi was renamed Bouddi National Park.

Flora and fauna
The Park contains three broad categories of vegetation: heath, Eucalyptus forest and grassy woodland.

The park contains a wide diversity of animal life. A number of mammal species, including microbats, greater gliders and other marsupials are found in the Park. Reptile species present include lace monitors, green tree snakes and water dragons. Over 150 species of bird have been documented in the area.

The marine component of the Park has similarly high biodiversity. The marine extension of the park was found to have led to a 70% increase in fish numbers in the area than nearby comparators, and 60% higher numbers of species. A number of large mammals regularly frequent the area, including humpback whales, southern right whales and bottlenose and common dolphins. Leopard seals and fur seals have occasionally been seen on coastal rock platforms.

Get in

 * From Gosford, turn right at Erina onto Avoca Drive. Continue on to Kincumber and then turn right onto Empire Bay Drive.
 * For Little Beach & Maitland Bay turn left onto the Scenic Road about 300 m along Empire Bay Drive. Turn right down the hill. Take the first left down Putty Beach drive. continue into National Park.
 * For Putty Beach continue along Empire Bay Drive through Bensville and turn off at Wards Hill Road.
 * From Woy Woy, follow the signs toward Kincumber. Take Maitland Bay Drive over the Rip Bridge and continue along Empire Bay Drive. Turn right onto Wards Hill Road before reaching the Scenic Road at Killcare Heights.
 * From Palm Beach & Ettalong take the ferry to Wagstaffe.

Fees and permits
$7/car (Putty Beach only)

 * Putty Beach camping area (18 sites). Fees: $8.00 per adult per night, $4.00 per child per night. Annual pass or daily vehicle entry fee of $7 also required.
 * Little Beach camping area (6 sites). Fees: $8.00 per adult per night, $4.00 per child per night. No vehicle fees apply.
 * Tallow Beach camping area (6 sites). Fees: $5.00 per adult per night, $3.00 per child per night. No vehicle fees apply.

Get around
The best way to get around is on foot. There are extensive walking trails from Wagstaffe in the west through to Little Beach in the east. Some of the trails are suitable for off road bicycles, but not all. The locals will not be impressed if you ride on walking tracks.

Enter by car at several points; Eagle Head road, Scenic Drive and Putty Beach Drive. Some walking is required, except for Putty Beach.

Buy
There are no shops in Bouddi National Park. The nearest ones are in Woy Woy.

Eat
There are no restaurants in Bouddi National Park. The nearest ones are in Woy Woy.

Drink
There are no bars in Bouddi National Park. The nearest ones are in Woy Woy.

Lodging
There are no places to lodge in Bouddi National Park. The nearest ones are in Woy Woy.

Backcountry
There are none at Bouddi National Park.

Stay safe
During flood season, the beaches might smell. Stay away from them as these might be dumps from broken down buildings in Richmond or Windsor.

title: Bouddi National Park


text:
Kathmandu/Boudhanath and East Kathmandu

Boudhanath (also known as Boudha, pronounced 'Bo-da') is 7 km east/northeast of central Kathmandu. It is home to one of the largest Buddhist stupas in the world, built during the 5th century AD.

Understand
For centuries, Boudhanath has been an important place of pilgrimage and meditation for Tibetan Buddhists and local Nepalis. It is located on what was a major trade route between Nepal and Tibet. Many traveling merchants used it as a resting place. It is also a popular tourist site. In 1979, Boudha became a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Great Stupa of Boudhanath is the focal point of the district. There are at least 29 Tibetan Gompas (Monasteries & Nunneries) around Boudhanath. The culture is very much Himalayan with a strong presence of Tibetans & Sherpas, as can be evidenced by the number of restaurants selling momos, thukpa & other Tibetan favourites. Many maroon-clad Tibetan Buddhist monks & nuns can be seen walking around Boudha, especially at the Stupa. As a daily ritual, many people walk three or more times around the stupa while repeating the mantra 'Om Mani Padme Hum' either quietly or aloud. During the days of & surrounding the full moons, the air is often thick with incense & mantras sung by monks, & the number of people visiting the Stupa increases significantly, along with the intensity of their mantras & prayers. Boudha is a fascinating & very spiritual area. Most of the restaurants & shops are closed by 20:00.

Recommended reading

 * Boudhanath: The Great Stupa by Keith Dowman. A translation of the legend of the great stupa as disclosed in a hidden treasure teaching of Guru Rinpoche.

By taxi
From Kathmandu Airport expect to pay Nrs600 from the parking area or around Nrs1,000 for a pre-paid fare. If you are coming to see the Boudha Stupa, tell the taxi driver that you wish to go to Boudha Stupa Main Gate. (July 2024)

By bus
Buses and vans that ply the Ring Road route (which loops around Kathmandu and the Kathmandu Valley) pass through Chabahil. The fare for anywhere on the loop is between Nrs30-40. From Chabahil junction, there are a number of transportation options (buses, taxis, bikes, vans) that cover the 5 minute drive to 'Boudha Stupa Gate'. Otherwise, it's a 20 minute walk from the junction to the stupa.

From Kantipath (between Kathmandu Mall and the Nepal Airlines Corporation building) and Jamal Bus Stand (in front of Vishwa Yoti Mall, north of Rani Pokhari Lake in Ratna Park) micro-buses and regular buses depart for Boudha, stopping just past the main gate of the stupa (this is not the last stop, and so you'll need to request the conductor or a fellow passenger to inform you when you have reached your destination). There are no English signs on the buses, but the conductors continually shout ‘Chabahil, Boudha’ - fare Nrs30. (July 2024)

Get around
Most of the sites of interest are located near the stupa and can easily be reached on foot. Taxis are available on the main road by the main stupa gate, until around 9PM.

The lanes and alleys around the stupa are packed with small shops and cafes, and the best way to explore them is on foot. However, be aware of bikes. Like every other city in south Asia, Kathmandu refuses to ban bikes in lanes, no matter how narrow, which not only destroys an enjoyable stroll but also creates a dangerous situation for pedestrians. So, always stay close to the edge of the roads and check for bikes before crossing to the other side.

Monasteries & nunneries

 * Shechen Monastery in the alleys near the stupa. A very spacious and beautiful temple founded by the late Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche. There is a garden restaurant near the monastery guest house.
 * Shechen Monastery in the alleys near the stupa. A very spacious and beautiful temple founded by the late Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche. There is a garden restaurant near the monastery guest house.
 * Shechen Monastery in the alleys near the stupa. A very spacious and beautiful temple founded by the late Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche. There is a garden restaurant near the monastery guest house.
 * Shechen Monastery in the alleys near the stupa. A very spacious and beautiful temple founded by the late Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche. There is a garden restaurant near the monastery guest house.
 * Shechen Monastery in the alleys near the stupa. A very spacious and beautiful temple founded by the late Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche. There is a garden restaurant near the monastery guest house.
 * Shechen Monastery in the alleys near the stupa. A very spacious and beautiful temple founded by the late Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche. There is a garden restaurant near the monastery guest house.

Do

 * Circumambulate the stupa (walk clockwise - ie keep the stupa on your right side). This is the main activity of pilgrims and many tourists too. One lap is about 150 m. At the far side from the main gate entrance it is possible to walk up on to the stupa itself during the daytime.
 * Monastery tour: please practice good manners. Ask the first monk or nun you see at the place (monastery or nunnery) you wish to visit for permission, before wandering around their home grounds. Some (not all) encourage the public to visit by offering guided tours, classes, puja services, meals, & gift shops.  While on their sacred grounds, be respectful, don't smoke, turn off mobile phones, lower your voice, leave your shoes outside before entering any temples or buildings, & get permission before taking pictures. Bear in mind that monasteries & nunneries are sanctuaries for inner practice, not tourist attractions. Most (if not all) of them welcome donations.

Buddhism

 * Kopan Monastery. Founded by Lama Yeshe and Lama Zopa as the core of what has become an international network of Gelugpa dharma centers, the Foundation for the Preservation of the Mahayana Tradition (FPMT). Located near Baudha, Kopan offers ten-day meditation courses regularly throughout the year, and a month-long course (for which it is famous) every November-to-December. Reservations are necessary
 * Rangjung Yeshe Institute. An international institute for Buddhist higher studies, modeled on a traditional Tibetan Buddhist College. The institute is affiliated with Kathmandu University, and is located on the premises of the monastery Ka-Nying (short for "Kagyu and Nyingma") Shedrup Ling. It offers bachelor's and master's degrees in Buddhist Studies with Himalayan Language (Tibetan, Nepali, and Sanskrit), as well as six week stand alone intensive courses in each.

Buy
There are many handicraft shops around the stupa. This may be the best place in Nepal for Buddhist & Tibetan related items - statues, prayer flags, Tibetan incense, etc.

Drink
Cafes in Kathmandu generally offer free WIFI.

For the sake of brevity, 'Shree Boudha and Melamchi Ghyang Guthi' is referred to by its local English name, 'the Tibetan Temple,' in the listings below.

Sleep
There are dozens of hotels & guesthouses not listed here. Check bulletin boards in cafe/bakeries for individuals offering rooms for rent by the week or month.

Mid-range

Respect
In the vicinity of sacred sites:
 * Wear clothing that expresses respect for the sacred nature of the site.
 * Take your shoes off before entering temple buildings and some shops. Follow the lead of the locals.
 * Circumambulate the stupa & other sacred objects in a clock-wise direction.
 * Preserve the peace and tranquility.
 * Do not climb onto statues or other sacred objects.
 * Do not take pictures of people without their permission.

Tibetan Medicine
There are numerous Tibetan healing centres around Boudha. Listed below are two of the more popular ones.

 * Kunphen. https://www.facebook.com/p/Boudha-Kunphen-Tibetan-Medical-Center-100032893160667/ Inner circle Stupa. Clinic with long history in Kathmandu. Closed Sunday.
 * Pure Vision Sorig. https://purevisionsorig.org/ In alley behind Himalayan Java Cafe,  +977-9800879295 . Resident doctor graduated from Dalai Lama's institute of medicine in 1996. The clinic includes a natural food store (Nupa), specializing in organic products from the Himalayan region. M-F: 9AM-5PM

Kanti Dental Clinic does general dental work including cleanings for Rs450. Located off the main road into Boudha, less than 100 m east of the Stupa main gate on the same side of the road. Open 7 days a week.

Connect
Most cafes in Boudha offer free WiFi for the convenience of customers.

Go next

 * Changunarayan - small village and home to the ancient temple of Changu Narayan which is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Kathmandu Valley. It's possible to catch a public bus to the beginning of the ascend to Changunarayan and then just hike it towards the top of the hill for half an hour.
 * Pashupatinath. An important temple to Shiva in the form of Lord of Animals. See monkeys, cremation, sadhus and a holy cave. The temple is a short taxi ride, or 20 minute walk past several temples, from Boudhanath. While entrance to the temple is allowed for Hindus only, the surrounding forest area provides much to explore. Rs1000.
 * Pharping. A sacred site one hour from Kathmandu.

title: Kathmandu/Boudhanath and East Kathmandu


text:
Bougainville

Bougainville is the largest island of the Solomon Islands archipelago, and an autonomous island region within Papua New Guinea.

Understand
Bougainville is very off the beaten track and far from easy to get to. It is an island with vast untapped potential for tourism with magnificently rugged, jungled terrain and amazing coral reefs offshore. After suffering a brutal civil war from 1988 to 1997 against the rest of PNG and Australia, the island is doing its best to return to some sort of normality, and tourism is seen as a key part of the future. Following overwhelming in a 2019 referendum it's scheduled to become an independent country by the end of 2027.

Orientation
From a visitor viewpoint, the main areas of Bougainville are:

 * Arawa — the former administrative capital and main city which was the centre of the mining business before operations ceased during the war. It is a fairly arduous journey south from the main arrival point for visitors at Buka Island. Large parts of Arawa remain derelict and deserted after the troubles during the war. At the height of the copper mining-led boom, Arawa was thought to be the richest town in Papua New Guinea outside of the capital. The adjoining town of Kieta is mostly thought of as forming one entity with Arawa, which is sometimes called Arawa-Kieta.

 * Buin — on the southern tip of the main island from where you can see the Solomon Islands. This was a Japanese military base during WWII. There are several relics from that era including the wrecked bomber of Admiral Yamamoto - the man who planned the attack on Pearl Harbour.
 * Buka — during the civil war, Buka town replaced Arawa as the centre of government and most businesses also switched their operations here. This is very evident today as it is certainly the most bustling town in Bougainville. The airport and the majority of places to stay are all here. Buka is located on the island of the same name, just to the north of main Bougainville. The narrow strait between Buka Island and Bougainville is called the Buka Passage and is a key visitor attraction.
 * Kokopau — is the arrival point on the main island after crossing from Buka. For virtually all visitors, this is the starting point on Bougainville for a journey southwards through some very picturesque coastal village communities, which include Tinputz at the most northeasterly point of the island.
 * Morgan Junction — nowhere on Bougainville is evidence of the civil war more apparent than here. This is the old gateway town to the Panguna copper mine which caused all the problems. Although disused, the mine remains one of the largest man-made holes on earth. The area is subject to many barricades marking the no-go zone which is still in place some ten years after the peace accord was put in place. Located south of Kokopau, and about 15 km north of Arrawa.
 * Nissan Island (Green Island) — probably the best known of the myriad tiny islands and atolls around Bougainville, this island is about 100 km north of Buka Island. There is an American WWII airstrip here with many attendant relics, including a rather surreal swimming pool that was apparently built for President Richard Nixon who was an executive officer at the American base here during WWII. There is a guest house on Nissan but no way to book as there is no telephone service on the island.
 * Tulun Islands (Carteret Islands) — a group of six tiny atolls located about 100 km northeast of Buka Island. The islands are only one to two metres above sea level and under great threat from rising sea levels. The islands were once inhabited Polynesians who were displaced by Bougainvilleans 300 to 400 years ago. There are no facilities of any nature here. Just about as off-the-beaten-track as you can get.
 * Wakunai — a village on the east coast about 60 km south of the crossing arrival point from Buka. Wakunai is the starting point for the famous treks to Mount Bali and other points in the Emperor Range, and is also known as a good place to purchase local handicrafts.

History
The island was named after the French navigator Louis Antoine de Bougainville (whose name has also been lent to the creeping tropical flowering vines of the genus Bougainvillea). In 1885 it came under German administration as part of German New Guinea. Australia occupied it in 1914, and administered it from 1918 until the Japanese invaded in 1942, and then again from 1945 until PNG independence in 1975, as a United Nations mandatory power.

A large mine was established at Panguna in the early 1970s by Bougainville Copper Limited, a subsidiary of Australian mining giant Rio Tinto. The formation of this mine was to prove perhaps the most controversial and formative event in the island's history. Disputes over the environmental impact, financial benefits, and social change brought by the mine renewed a dormant secessionist movement. The independence of Bougainville (Republic of North Solomons) was unsuccessfully proclaimed in 1975 and in 1990.

In 1988 the Bougainville Revolutionary Army (BRA) increased their activity significantly. The Papua New Guinea Defence Force (PNGDF) attempted to put down the rebellion, and the conflict escalated into an all-out bloody civil war. The PNGDF retreated from permanent positions on Bougainville in 1990, but continued military action. The war claimed an estimated 15,000 to 20,000 lives (an eighth of the indigenous population).

The conflict ended in 1997, after negotiations brokered by New Zealand, and a peace agreement finalised in 2000 provided for the establishment of an Autonomous Bougainville Government, and for a referendum in the future on whether the island should become politically independent. Elections for the first Autonomous Government were held in May and June 2005. In a 2019 referendum, 98% of voters expressed their support for Bougainville to become an independent country.

Terrain
A key attraction of Bougainville is its volcanic landscape. The main island is vividly green with rugged, towering volcanoes. Much of the island is difficult to penetrate and very little explored.

Climate
The climate is very similar to that of the neighbouring Solomon Islands. It is extremely humid throughout the year, with a mean temperature of 27 °C (80 °F). Although seasons are not pronounced, June through August is the cooler period, and northwesterly winds from November until April bring more frequent rainfall, and occasional squalls or cyclones.

Tourist information
Perhaps surprisingly, there is a tourist information office at Buka.

 * Official website
 * Official website

Talk
There are several indigenous languages in Bougainville. These include both Melanesian and Papuan languages, none of which are spoken by more than 20% of the population. The larger languages such as Nasioi, Korokoro Motuna, Telei, and Halia are split into dialects that are not always mutually understandable.

For most Bougainvilleans, Tok Pisin is the lingua franca, and at least in the coastal areas Pisin is often learned by children in a bilingual environment. English and Tok Pisin are the languages of official business and government so English will just get you fine here.

By plane
Air Niugini has daily flights (except Sundays) from Port Moresby to Buka Island (half going via Rabaul), from where a short water taxi ride gets you to the main island of Bougainville. The flight takes about two hours (less without the Rabaul stop), and like all travel within Papua New Guinea, is relatively expensive. PNG Air has flights into both Buka and Arawa-Kieta airport.

By boat
Truly adventurous types might want to try securing passage on a weekly ship which departs from Rabaul on New Britain island. Try Star Ships (tel: ). It is unlikely that you would be able to make a formal booking; rather just turn up in Rabaul and have plenty of time on your hands.

There are reports of travellers arriving by boat at Buin from Korovou in the northern Solomon Islands. The immigration situation is complex though, and this route is not encouraged by officials from either nation.

By car
Paved roads are nearly nonexistent in Bougainville, though the road connecting Buka and Arawa is paved in parts and is improving. (There is one wet crossing that can be impassable during and after heavy rains.) A gravel track connects Arawa and Buin in the southeastern quarter on the main island, and there is circular road around the perimeter of Buka Island which is graveled in part. Otherwise "roads" in Bougainville are primarily rough dirt tracks. The southwest of the main island is especially remote and cannot be reached even in 4WD vehicles. Troop carriers left over from the war as well as Land Cruisers are used as public transit vehicles, and are widespread.

By boat/water taxi
These ply the strait between Buka Island and main Bougainville on a regular basis. To get to the outer islands, ask around in Buka to find a boat charter.

The Buka Passage
A boat ride in and around the narrow channel that separates Buka Island from main Bougainville, the Buka Passage, allows visitors to experience several small islands and tiny uninhabited atolls. It costs K2 for a commuter trip (e.g., Buka to Sohano) - just go to the beach and ask the boat drivers who is leaving next. Inquire in Buka town for boat charters.

The most well known and most visited island in the passage is called Sohano, and there are visitor facilities here including simple eateries and places to stay. There is a Japanese war memorial and plane wreck on the northern tip, and this is a lovely excellent place to take a stroll and meet friendly locals, or just relax. At the northern tip of the island is the Tchibo Rock, which is said by local legend to have magical properties.

Kayaking
Bougainville has many rushing rivers and adjacent cave systems. The area is ripe for exploratory kayaking - you will likely be attacking virgin territory!

The outer islands
Bougainville is surrounded by tiny islands quite close to shore, most of them uninhabited. These would quell the hunger of even the most avid island enthusiasts, but if you want to get really away from it all, there are options to visit island groups much further afield. Try Nissan Island or even the Tulun Islands. Ask around in Buka for boat charters or even hitching a ride on a regular departure.

Scuba diving
There are as yet no diving operators based at Bougainville. That will surely change over time though as reports from the odd liveaboard that has made it here describe the diving as some of the very best in the whole world. The Solomon Sea reefs off the west coast are very healthy and home to a prolific range of marine life. Reports suggest that globally endangered dugongs are as common here as anywhere in the world.

Keen divers may find it worth approaching Papua New Guinea Dive which is the industry association for the country. They may have information about scheduled liveaboards headed for Bougainville.

Surfing
Australian adventure tour groups have discovered excellent surf around Bougainville and you will of course have it to yourself. Reports suggest that the best period is November thru March.

Trekking
The most popular serious trek here is a three-day hike to Mount Balbi (2,685 m) – which has a greater elevation than any mountain in mainland Australia. This is best started from a base in the village of Wakunai on the east coast south of Kokopau. Reliable and knowledgeable guides will be available in the village.

It is possible to organise an extension to this trek all the way across the Emperor Range to the west coast, which would take about one week in total. Mount Balbi is an active volcano with regular plumes of smoke and sulphurous vents. Mount Bagana is an even more active volcano to the south and is visible from Mount Balbi. Mount Billy Mitchell is a dormant volcano also in the Emperor Range, and has an especially beautiful 2 km wide caldera lake.

World War II relics
There are several remnants of the Japanese occupation of Bougainville during WWII, but none more famous than Admiral Yamamoto's Mitsubishi bomber wreck. Admiral Yamamoto, famous as the mastermind behind the attack on Pearl Harbor, was shot down here by US fighter planes on 18 April 1943, and the wreckage lies in the jungle about three kilometres off the east coast road to the south of Arawa, about 25 km north of Buin. There is a signpost which is hard to miss. As well as this wreck, terrestrial WWII relics include several tanks and some other airplanes, and offshore, there are sunken boats to keep divers interested.

Buy
If you are looking for an authentic local item, Bougainville is known for the high quality of its basket-ware, perhaps the best in all of Papua New Guinea. The small town of Wakunai on the east coast is noted as a good place to purchase basket-ware and other local artifacts. A few handicrafts are available at the Buka Market.

There is a branch of the Bank of the South Pacific, tel: +675 973 9752, in Buka town. It has two ATMs and offers foreign exchange facilities; there are a few additional ATMs elsewhere in town.

Eat
Buka has a lot of options during the day, from chicken and chips to fish-on-a-stick from the markets, which you can eat by the beach watching the hordes of small boats being deftly manoeuvred by the captains. At night there is a limited number of restaurants by the water. None are above average and shortages are common. Options outside of Buka are largely limited to local roadside food or preferably homemade food.

Most formal accommodation options will provide full board with three meals a day if you request it.

The local staples are fish (near the coast) and chicken, with pigs usually being reserved for special feasts. Cassava, tapioca, yams, and "choco", are the most common carbohydrate grown locally. Fresh fruit is as excellent as you would expect.

One of the most traditional dishes is called "tama tama", made by pounding cassava, tapioca, or banana, until it becomes a starchy dough. It is almost exactly like African "fufu", and the Bougainvilleans are aware of the connection.

Drink
"Homebrew" is a locally produced alcohol, sometimes as strong as 90° proof.

Buka Island
There are a number of formal places to stay on Buka Island which cater largely to NGO representatives and government employees. Most are located within a short distance of each other on the waterfront, making it easy to get out to the restaurants at night.

Main Bougainville island
There are few formal accommodation options here.

Nissan Island

There are two other guest houses on Nissan both at Tartumpos Balil. Kulu Guest House situated right at the tip, and Balil Lodge nearby. For the same reason of lack of communication, you cannot book and they receive very few guests.

Respect
Most people in Bougainville are pro-independence, and so talking about independence may be a very sensitive subject. This includes the nine-year war that broke out, which still have ongoing tensions to this day. While the conflict ended well in 1998, there are still pro-independence movements happening to this very day, most notably in 2019 where 98% of the population wanted independence. This essentially means, that it's best to avoid talking about the Australian, PNG and Indonesian history of the island.

Stay safe
In some central and southern areas of the main island, to this date there are virtually no foreigners. These areas should not be visited by independent travellers without seeking local advice. The safest method, given the values of the culture, is to be accompanied by a local. In their culture, it is of the utmost importance to ensure the safety of a friend or guest. Travel to the no-go zone and Panguna mine can be made, but is only possible through a well-connected local. There are still guns in the hands of ex-combatants (unofficial reservist force), and while they are no longer carried out in the open, never forget that a local may have quick access to a gun. You should never get in a heated argument with a local as it may quickly attract a crowd and will put your local contact in an awkward position, and without a local contact, the situation could easily escalate out of control. Do not be alarmed at the sight of bush knives or large machetes; it is very normal for locals to carry them.

The north of the main island and the whole of Buka are quite safe for independent travel.

Always respect the no-go zone barriers around Morgan's Junction and Panguna.

This is a tropical island and malaria is endemic. Check with your local health care providers well in advance of departure at for the most appropriate preventative medication.

Be sure to treat any open scratches with topical antibiotics. Preferably you, or someone in your party, will have first aid knowledge. Feel safe in asking the locals for bush medicine as it is very effective.

Saltwater crocodiles exist within the major river systems, so exercise extreme caution.

title: Bougainville


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Boulder

Boulder is a college town of about 106,000 in the Front Range region of Colorado. The home of the University of Colorado, the city has a reputation for progressive values and outdoor recreation. It is a very pleasant place to live and visit.

The seat of Boulder County, the city lies at the foot of the Flatirons at the eastern edge of the Front Range foothills, 24 mi northwest of Denver.

Understand
These days, Boulder wears several hats: as a university town, home of the University of Colorado Boulder and others; as a hi-tech town that is rapidly spawning bedroom communities in outlying farm towns; and as a center of alternate culture, with various new age institutions, Naropa University, meditation centers, Buddhist centers, and the like. What perhaps distinguishes it most from other cities of similar size in the United States, however, is its status as a mecca for serious athletes, many of whom have made their home here for the conditioning advantages of high altitude, combined with businesses, facilities, and a community that provides opportunities for serious training and competition. Even the average nine-to-five Boulderite is much more likely than the average American to be a serious climber, cyclist, runner, skier, etc., and you will see the difference as you're about town.

Boulder is in the Front Range region of Colorado and is virtually adjacent to Denver, except for its buffer of Open Space Parks which border the city and provide it shelter from its growing surroundings. This reflects that it is the "front door" to the mountainous country to the west, with many outdoor attractions, including a medium-sized ski resort less than an hour from the city limits, and also the fact that there are significant cultural differences between Boulder and Denver beyond its liberal politics.

Boulder is known for its outdoors and the residents with one of the healthiest lifestyles in America. It is very true, no matter what the weather, there are always people outdoors; running, biking, walking, hiking. It has a great atmosphere and beautiful sights.

Living in Boulder is very expensive. Along with being one of the most active towns in America, it is right up there with the living expense. Smaller towns are popping up around Boulder that are cheaper, but may take 10–15 minutes to get into this vibrant town.

Downtown Boulder covers a large area, with the Pearl Street Mall (see below) at its core. Downtown features shopping, eating, and entertainment for all ages. Be sure to check out the restaurants on Walnut Street, between 9th Street and Broadway, as they offer several good options just off the Pearl Street Mall. Also check out the West End of Pearl Street, between 8th Street and the Pearl Street Mall, as it offers additional shopping and more restaurant options. For home furnishings, make sure to check out Pearl Street's East End, from the Pearl Street Mall to 20th Street. Stop by the Boulder Farmers Market on 13th St, between Canyon and Arapaho Avenues, on Saturday mornings and Wednesday evenings- an experience not to miss.

As you stroll down Pearl Street, there are many street performers (when the weather is nice). One of the most famous is the "zip-code man" this is one performance not to miss. He knows every zip code throughout the entire world and there is always a huge crowd around him. Other performers include magicians, mimes, and other assortments of crazy acts. Pearl Street is always somewhere to find live entertainment. Make sure to come at the right time though, usually in the winter the performers are not out, obviously.

University Hill a small area west of Broadway across from the main campus of the University of Colorado at Boulder. Commonly referred to as 'The Hill,' the area caters to college students with a variety of restaurants and bars, and services such as barbershops, bookstores, and coffee houses. There are also several entertainment venues that showcase up-and-coming talent from around the world.

 * City of Boulder municipal information.]

Get in
Boulder is easily reached from Denver International Airport via car or bus. Boulder is roughly 30 miles (50 km) from Denver, and is an easy drive via US highway 36. The drive is pretty spectacular, with beautiful scenery as you drive straight toward the Rocky Mountains. The Regional Transportation District (RTD) operates bus service to and around Boulder and is a clean, safe, and easy way to get to town; the Skyride 'AB' bus runs hourly between Denver International Airport and Boulder, while the Flatiron Flyer offers fast service along express highway lanes between Boulder and Denver.

Mass transit
Boulder and Denver share a common mass transit system, known as RTD. which won "Best Public Transportation" in a nationwide survey in 2008. You will also notice that a lot of locals use bicycles to get around the downtown (most of the city sights are within 2 miles). Many locals use the "Skyride" RTD bus to get to and from the airport. It's greener and easier.

By car
If you choose to drive around town, be aware that there is heavy traffic on the main thoroughfares, high numbers of pedestrians (cyclists) and parking downtown can be a bit tight. There are a number of city-owned garages tucked behind the buildings downtown. Keep your eyes open for the large green "P" signs outside their entrance ramps, as they don't look like parking garages from the outside. Be careful when parking in the university area, as tickets can be quite expensive. Boulder's police are vigilant about drunk driving, so keep out of the car when you find yourself tipping down a local microbrew or two. Watch carefully for the school zones: when the yellow lights are flashing, slow down to 20 mph. Many of the main streetlights have cameras that can capture you running the tail end of yellow lights. Watch out, or you may get tickets in the mail!

Eat

Crime and personal safety
Boulder has a very low crime rate and has no bad neighborhoods, but use common sense. University Hill, which is bordered by Baseline, Broadway, and Canyon can become raucous in the evenings, especially on weekends. Downtown Boulder, especially at night, is frequented by panhandlers, who can be aggressive at times but are not dangerous. Aggressive panhandling is illegal in Boulder, and you may report it to the police. Throughout the hiking trails near university property, Boulder has black posts lit with a blue light that have emergency phones in them that only dial 911. It is not advised for women to walk alone after 1 AM on the hill or near Pearl St. Mall. Boulder has also had reports of violence against Asians.

Outdoors
Boulder has a dry climate and during any season, dehydration can be a problem for visitors and residents alike. Drink plenty of water. If you go hiking in the evening, bring two quarts of water. At night, temperatures drop remarkably, so bring warm clothing if you'll be out at night. (This is true even during summer months.) Be aware of mountain lions while hiking.

Go next
There are a lot of opportunities for outdoor recreation. Go to the Gallery map store or to the Boulder Bookstore and buy maps and a guide.

Local favorites include the Anne U White hiking trail, the Chatauqua trails, White Rock, Eagle Trail, Boulder Creek, Dowdy Draw, Green Mountain, and Walker Ranch.

For skiers and snowboarders, the closest resort is Eldora, near Nederland, Colorado. It takes about 45–60 minutes to drive there from Downtown. The 'N' RTD Bus to Nederland runs to Eldora during ski season.

title: Boulder


text:
Boulder City

Boulder City is a city of 15,000 people (2021) in Southern Nevada, which was built for construction workers of the nearby Hoover Dam. It is one of only two cities in Nevada where gambling is prohibited.

By car
US Route 93, also signed as Interstate 11 between Henderson and the Arizona state line, connects Las Vegas to Kingman (Arizona), bypassing Boulder City. The former route of US 93 through the city is now signed as US Route 93 Business.

Gambling
The popular Nevadan pastime of gambling is not allowed in Boulder City (alongside Panaca), but two casinos are located at the edges of town just outside the city limits.

Buy

The Historic Downtown district has a number of antique shops.

Eat
The Historic Downtown district offers a number of places to eat, ranging from pizza to restaurants with sidewalk tables.

Drink
While gambling is not legal in Boulder City, alcoholic beverages are. The Historic Downtown district offers a number of establishments.

Go next

 * Las Vegas — away

title: Boulder City


text:
Boulder Creek

Boulder Creek is a town in Santa Cruz County in the state of California.

title: Boulder Creek


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Boulders Beach

Boulders is a popular beach near Simon's Town, Cape Town in the Western Cape province of South Africa. There are larger and more scenic beaches around, as Boulders, which gets its name from the large boulders surrounding it, is fairly small, although it is often sheltered from the prevailing winds. From the beach one has views over False Bay. It is world famous for its colony of African penguins (formerly known as Jackass penguins).

Get in
There is a R76 entrance fee for South African locals and R152 for adult foreigners to enter the park, which gives access to the penguin viewing spots and the beach.

By car
Driving by car, Boulders is a popular stop on the way back from (or to) Cape Point if you have limited time. It's possible to do a circular route, driving past Boulders on the east coast, and along the west coast of the peninsula in the reverse direction.

The easiest route is to drive south on the M3 (De Waal Drive) from Cape Town. At the end of the highway, turn left, and about 500 m on, turn right onto the M4 (Main Road) along the east coast of the Cape Peninsula. After passing through Simon's T oad opposite the Country Club - you will see a brown sign directing you to the parking lot at the end of the road. Be careful, because the road is quite narrow and there is the danger of accidents when going out again. The penguins here have adapted to the constant flow of humans coming to see them, so they certainly won't make way.

A more scenic alternative is to take the M3 south from Cape Town. At the end of the highway, turn right, and about 800 m on (through one traffic light), turn left onto Ou Kaapse Weg. Cross the scenic mountain pass (you can stop for a view at the top, turning off at the Silvermine sign). On the other side, continue straight, through two traffic lights. You'll cross Black Hill, a smaller mountain pass, with views of the Indian Ocean. You descend and reach the coast road. Turn right, and continue to Simonstown, as above.

By train
Take a MetroRail suburban train from Cape Town to Simon's Town. The station at Simon's Town is about 3 km from Boulders Beach; you can walk there by following the Main Road (M4) southwards until you get to Bellevue Road or take a Riki's taxi from the station.

Get around
Park your car at the parking lot and walk around to see the penguins or stroll around the surroundings.

Penguins

The first penguins came to Foxy Beach in the 1990s and with the time their number increased to more than 3000, mainly because penguins from the surrounding islands immigrated to the beach. Although they attract hundreds of thousands of tourists every year, they can be a menace to the local inhabitants. The penguins do not stick to their beach, but like to go on safari, and can occasionally be found in neighbouring gardens and houses. A fence has been erected, but they still seem to find holes.

You can see the penguins without having to pay any fees, but the penguins' private beach is managed by Table Mountain National Parks and an entry fee R152 (per foreign adult) is charged. Entry for those with Wild Cards is free. See Wild In Africa for more information about the Wild Cards for local and international tourists.

Once you have parked your car at the parking lot, pay the entry fee, and go either to Boulders Beach to enjoy a relaxed time, swimming together with penguins or walk further on and you will get to a spotting place, where you will be able to see most of the penguins from a small distance.

Going to the beach is an adventure especially in summer, when it is warm and when you will share most of your time with penguins in the water. You can also climb around to get to a less crowded part of the beach. Do not try to catch or touch the penguins. They are already distracted from their natural way of life by tourists and they can easily bite off a finger! Going to the beach means getting up early, because only a limited number of people are allowed onto the beach and it can be full by 10-11AM.

Though you will see penguins here all year round you will see fewer during September to October as they will be spending most of their time out at sea feeding up for moulting season. Moulting season is from November to December. In January adults will spend a lot of time out at sea again, feeding up for breeding season between February and August.

Do
Play a game of golf at the minigolf course next to parking lot.

The sandy beach is one of the few that is often sheltered from the strong winds that batter the Peninsula, and the water is warm and calm for swimming with the penguins.

Buy
You can buy souvenirs at the nearby stalls and shops.

Go next
Visit the sights of the Cape Peninsula, Cape Town and the Cape Winelands. Go to Simon's Town, onto Fish Hoek or Chapman's Peak.

title: Boulders Beach


text:
Boulogne-sur-Mer

Boulogne-sur-Mer or Boulogne is a city and port in the Côte d'Opale region of Hauts-de-France. It is the second largest place on the Cote D'Opale after Calais. It is the estuary of the Liane river.

The city's origins are as a medieval port protected by a castle up on the hill, which stands to this day, now a museum. After extensive allied bombing during World War II the city and the port were rebuilt post-war thus creating what is now known as the Old Town (inside the castle walls which largely escaped the destruction) and the New Town at the riverside and on the seafront.

Today Boulogne is the principal fishing port for all of France, where fish is auctioned, frozen, salted, smoked and processed for distribution across the whole country in the commercial port district.

The place used to be a very touristy place, and having once had a direct ferry service from Dover and Folkestone, it used to be popular with British day-trippers and, later, booze cruisers. After the opening of the Channel Tunnel, however, ferry services were reduced and then stopped altogether. Since then various companies have tried and failed to run profitable ferry services.

Nevertheless though not as swamped with tourists as it once was, Boulogne remains popular with visitors, mainly British and Belgian, as it remains only 30 minutes' drive from Calais, 20 from the Channel Tunnel, and is still considered by many to be prettier and more interesting than Calais.

By car
The A16 motorway passes round the back of the city - junctions 32, 31, 30 and 29 are all for various parts of Boulogne. Ample parking is available at the riverside in the New Town. The old main road from Calais, the D940, enters Boulogne from the north, on the coast, and leaves towards Le Touquet, through the suburb of Outreau. The N41 from St Omer enters Boulogne from the east.

By rail
There are direct trains come from Calais Ville (30 min), Calais Fréthun (for the TGV and Eurostar - 25 min), Le Touquet (20 min on a fast train), Lille (1 hour), Amiens (75 min), and Paris (2 hours).

By bus
Boulogne is the centre of an extensive bus network reaching all of its outlying suburbs and satellite towns. There is also a reliable taxi service.

By boat
Boulogne is a 30-minute drive from the Port of Calais.

The Old Town
Sometimes also called the Upper Town. The walled old town contains the castle, basilica, belfry and town hall surrounded by many interesting narrow streets, shops, and cafes. It is located about 800 m up the hill, east of the harbour, and contains:

 * The Walls - Vast ramparts built at the beginning of the 13th century on the foundations of the Gallo-Roman walls, with four gateways, surround this part of town. From the walkways there is an amazing view of the old port and the main town.
 * The Walls - Vast ramparts built at the beginning of the 13th century on the foundations of the Gallo-Roman walls, with four gateways, surround this part of town. From the walkways there is an amazing view of the old port and the main town.
 * The Walls - Vast ramparts built at the beginning of the 13th century on the foundations of the Gallo-Roman walls, with four gateways, surround this part of town. From the walkways there is an amazing view of the old port and the main town.
 * The Walls - Vast ramparts built at the beginning of the 13th century on the foundations of the Gallo-Roman walls, with four gateways, surround this part of town. From the walkways there is an amazing view of the old port and the main town.

The New Town
Or sometimes called the Lower Town. This is the modern Boulogne at the riverside and sea-front, which contains:

Buy

 * The Market - Wednesdays and Saturdays.
 * The main shopping streets are around Rue Adolphe Thiers, in the New Town, 5 blocks east of the harbour. There is one large supermarket in the town (a Carrefour) on the Station Road.
 * Boulogne has two hypermarkets, an Auchan in the St Martin suburb (at the Boulogne end of the N41, Junction 31 of the A16), and, on the other side of town, an E.Leclerc in the Outreau suburb. Both are surrounded by other large out of town style shops. The largest shopping centre in the area, the Cite D'Europe at the Channel Tunnel, is 20 minutes drive away.

Eat
Most of the restaurants are in and around the Place Dalton in the New Town, though there are a few up in the Old Town as well.

Drink
There are many excellent bars in both the Old and New Towns.

Sleep
There's a small Ibis in the City Centre, and most of the rest of the hotels are small privately owned establishments out towards the beach.

There is also a youth hostel (auberge de jeunesse) opposite the main station (Gare de Boulogne), which is open year round and offers accommodation for around €16.

Go next
Just outside of town is the Column of the Grande Armée, a park where a (somewhat presumptive) monument commemorates Napeleon's successful invasion of England.

 * Le Portel, Equihen, Hardelot and Le Touquet are all sought after by the locals of Boulogne for better beaches, and all are within an hour's drive southbound on the D940.
 * Montreuil is about an hour's drive on the N1
 * Saint-Omer is also about an hour's drive on the N41.
 * The Cote D'Opale itself in either direction on the D940 including the beauty spots of Cap Griz-Nez and Cap Blanc-Nez (north of Boulogne).
 * Calais, Dunkirk and, eventually, the Belgian Border are 30 min, 1 hr and 1 hr 15 min respectively on the A16.
 * Also Paris, Lille and Amiens are directly accessibly by rail.

title: Boulogne-sur-Mer