text:
Tsingy de Bemaraha Reserve

Tsingy de Bemaraha Reserve is in the Mahajanga Province of Madagascar.

Understand
Tsingy de Bemaraha National Park, and the adjacent Tsingy de Bemaraha Strict Nature Reserve, combine to form a natural area that is near the western coast of Madagascar in Melaky Region. The area was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1990 due to the unique geography, preserved mangrove forests, and wild bird and lemur populations. The southern end of the protected area has been changed into the Tsingy de Bemaraha National Park, covering 666 km² (257 sq mi). The northern end of the protected area remains as a strict nature reserve (Réserve Naturelle Intégrale) covering 853 km² (329 sq mi).

title: Tsingy de Bemaraha Reserve


text:
Tsitsikamma

Tsitsikamma is in the Cacadu District of the Eastern Cape of South Africa.

Understand
The Tsitsikamma forms part of the Cacadu District of the Eastern Cape and is branded as one of the Cacadu District's seven wonders due to its beauty. Tsitsikamma is a Khoi word meaning "place of abundant or sparkling water". The area is covered in large tracts of indigenous forest and Fynbos with deep river gorges that cleft the plateau as they make their way down to the sea, creating spectacular waterfalls and deep kloofs.

A must-see is the Tsitsikamma National Park with its abundance of birds and wildlife, and the chance to watch whales and dolphins play along the rugged untouched coastline or explore the Khoisan rock art and enjoy many walking and hiking trails. From treetop canopy tours, white water tubing to experiencing a 7-second free-fall from the world's highest commercial bungee jump location, Tsitsikamma is an action packed destination for the adventurous. Alternatively, you could take a walk on the wild side in the indigenous Tsitsikamma forest - home to the giant Outeniqua Yellowwood - or simply relax and unwind in a completely serene wonderland of forest, mountain & sea.

By plane
There are two airports located in close proximity to Tsitsikamma. The closest is in George, 144 km away while the Port Elizabeth airport is 182 km from Tsitsikamma. There are regular flights from Johannesburg, Cape Town, Durban and other South African airports to George and Port Elizabeth.

By car
Tsitsikamma is easily accessible by motorways from Cape Town (579 km), Bloemfontein (781 km) and East London (460 km). Of course, you can also drive from Johannesburg (1217 km). The road conditions are fairly good if you are coming from any of these cities.

By bus
All major South African coach companies offer regular schedules to and from destinations like Tsitsikamma. It is also on the Baz Bus route.

See

 * Langkloof (Route 62) - Better known as the Fruit Route, the Langkloof fruit region is the second largest deciduous fruit-producing area in South Africa. This used to be the home ground of Bushmen and Gonagua Hottentots. Today the 'Apple Express' runs through the valley, linking all the fruit growing villages and towns.
 * Nature's Valley — a small village on the Garden Route mostly surrounded by the Tsitsikamma National Park with a network of trails that covers the surrounding hills and beaches
 * Storms River - Located just outside Tsitsikamma National Park, this area has become a hot spot for many tourists in South Africa. Activities include canopy tours, various exciting hiking trails and the Storms River Mouth Walks. The Tsitsikamma Petroport has a restaurant, curio shop, petrol station and take-away outlet. The Bloukrans Bridge is the world's largest single span bridge and is also home to the world's highest bungee jump location. For the less adventurous, there are curio shops, spectacular views to take in and the indigenous plant nursery in which to get lost.
 * Tsitsikamma National Park - The heartland of Tsitsikamma National Park stretches 5 km to sea, protecting a wonderland of inter-tidal life, reef and deep-sea fish. Dolphins frolic in the breakers, surfing and playing while the gentle giant of the ocean, the Southern Right Whale, comes inshore to breed. Sightings of wildlife in the Park are not uncommon so be on the look out for African Black Oystercatchers, the Knysna Loerie, Cape Clawless Otters and the Blue Duiker.
 * Nature's Valley — a small village on the Garden Route mostly surrounded by the Tsitsikamma National Park with a network of trails that covers the surrounding hills and beaches
 * Storms River - Located just outside Tsitsikamma National Park, this area has become a hot spot for many tourists in South Africa. Activities include canopy tours, various exciting hiking trails and the Storms River Mouth Walks. The Tsitsikamma Petroport has a restaurant, curio shop, petrol station and take-away outlet. The Bloukrans Bridge is the world's largest single span bridge and is also home to the world's highest bungee jump location. For the less adventurous, there are curio shops, spectacular views to take in and the indigenous plant nursery in which to get lost.
 * Tsitsikamma National Park - The heartland of Tsitsikamma National Park stretches 5 km to sea, protecting a wonderland of inter-tidal life, reef and deep-sea fish. Dolphins frolic in the breakers, surfing and playing while the gentle giant of the ocean, the Southern Right Whale, comes inshore to breed. Sightings of wildlife in the Park are not uncommon so be on the look out for African Black Oystercatchers, the Knysna Loerie, Cape Clawless Otters and the Blue Duiker.
 * Tsitsikamma National Park - The heartland of Tsitsikamma National Park stretches 5 km to sea, protecting a wonderland of inter-tidal life, reef and deep-sea fish. Dolphins frolic in the breakers, surfing and playing while the gentle giant of the ocean, the Southern Right Whale, comes inshore to breed. Sightings of wildlife in the Park are not uncommon so be on the look out for African Black Oystercatchers, the Knysna Loerie, Cape Clawless Otters and the Blue Duiker.

Do
Amidst the tranquility there is still room for adventure. Tsitsikamma offers everything from hiking trails to quad-biking, to 4x4 routes, canoeing, white water tubing, treetop canopy tours, bird watching and abseiling in the Kouga Mountains. Scenic helicopter flights from Storms River Bridge and a leap from the world's highest commercial bungy jump are strongly recommended.

 * Visit the Tsitsikamma National Park

Sleep
Most of the available accommodation is in Storms River, they appear to be more affordable.

Connect

For general enquiries please make use of the following directory numbers:

 * Local telephone directory: 1023
 * International telephone directory: 10903

Go next
The Tsitsikamma forms part of the Garden Route and is located in close proximity to other smaller seaside villages such as Eersterivier. The Baviaanskloof is also close to Tsitsikamma.

 * Addo
 * Baviaans
 * Grahamstown
 * Jeffreys Bay
 * St Francis
 * Western Cape Karoo
 * Sunshine Coast

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Tsitsikamma


text:
Tsitsikamma National Park

The Tsitsikamma National Park, a section of the Garden Route National Park, is situated in the heart of the famous Garden Route in South Africa. The park offers some fine coastal scenery and sometimes the option of whale-watching.

Understand
The Tsitsikamma Park is one of the most visited in South Africa, because of the pleasant climate, the beauty of the scenery, the wealth of things to do and see, and also because environmental travellers enjoy the wilderness and the biodiversity.

History
The area has a very interesting political, social and environmental history. Palaeontological evidence abounds of the prehistoric hominins who peopled the coastline. Archeological digs at Plettenberg Bay's Robberg and rock art in the De Vasselot section of the Tsitsikamma National Park indicate that earlier people were what are called strandlopers in South Africa, or beachcombers. By the time European traders and colonisers arrived, in mid-1600s, the people of the Cape were mainly Khoisan and Bantu peoples.

In the 18th century the port town of Knysna became a center of timber trade, which precipitated a woodcutter period of deforestation that saw some of the oldest trees in the forest, especially the yellowwoods, cut down. The forest suffered less damage than might be expected, since the woodcutters were selective about trees, leaving the forest canopy intact, and allowing the saplings to survive.

As the area developed forested areas were occasionally cleared to make way for plantations of exotic trees like pine. Initially the Reserve formed part of the wild Tsitsikamma forest. It was privately owned at the time when South Africa proclaimed the area a protected National Park, and for several decades served as farmland for potatoes and pine plantations. The soil became degraded and the forested parts on Platbos started to dwindle. However, in the late 1990s the property was bought by an environmentally-minded family determined to attempt forest rehabilitation. Thus it became Platbos Reserve.

Landscape
The Tsitsikamma is an ancient forest. The Podocarpus genus (Yellowwood) is possibly as old as 105 million years, and some of the Tsitsikamma's most famous yellowwood trees are between 600 and 800 years old. Palaeontological evidence suggests the forests on South Africa's coast have existed for 20 thousand years. It is not surprising that the Tsitsikamma is a slow growing forest that struggles to recover once it is reduced.

Many factors play a role in the shrinking of the forest, including climate change over millennia which favoured savannah grassland and fynbos vegetation to weather the arid climate. The Tsitsikamma rainforest survives on a fraction of the precipitation the world's other temperate rainforests need. Deforestation and the introduction of exotic plants by colonialists also placed the forests under pressure. Even now, while the forests of South Africa's Garden Route are protected parks, exotic plants like the Blue Gum and Australian wattles continue to consume most of the water in the soil and, growing much faster, crowd out indigenous species.

Also, the pioneer vegetation of the Tsitsikamma forest is Cape fynbos, which consists of obligate seeders and which needs fire to germinate. Since the trees in the Tsitsikamma forest lose their lower branches as they reach the forest canopy, the forest is largely fire resistant. Fire, however, endangers the young trees on the forest edges. If this forest nursery burns down with every fynbos fire, the forest cannot advance.

Forest rehabilitation is therefore a long-term project that is very labour-intensive. It involves firstly attending to the health of existing forest by clearing it of invasive plant species. Secondly, pioneer and nurse vegetation must be planted or protected. These plants on the edge of the forest prepare the soil for saplings, and faster growing indigenous trees, like the keurboom, offer saplings shade under which they flourish. The forest nursery should also be protected from the Western Cape's aggressive fires, by maintaining firebreaks.

Flora and fauna
The Tsitsikamma forest is an ecological wonderland. It can alternately be describes as a coastal temperate rainforest or an Afromontane forest. The forest on Platbos Reserve includes many if not all of the special species of tree found here, such as Real Yellowwood (Podocarpus latifolius), Outeniqua Yellowwood (Podocarpus falcatus), and Stinkwood (Ocotea bullata). It is beautiful inside the forest, as if you are inside a cathedral. Sounds are muted, and the call of the birds are clear and simply enchanting. The forest canopy lets through dappled light, but keeps the air moist enough to smell of earth and humus. It is this forest that is so difficult to rehabilitate. It can take hundreds of years for the forest edge to advance only meters. The fynbos prepares the way for a nurse population of trees (such as Virgilia divaricata, or Cape lilac). Only under the shelter of these fast growing trees will the trees that characterise Tsitsikamma forest grow at all.

The meadows of fynbos look and feel completely different. Fynbos consists of low shrubbery, and what makes it so special is the variety of flowers and colours. Fynbos's most wonderful attribute is the spicy, woody fragrance. In a fynbos field like this the air is full of the smell.

Platbos Reserve is home to several bush and forest mammals, such as the shy bushpig (Potamochoerus larvatus), caracal (caracal), Chacma baboon (Papio ursinus), bushbuck (scriptus) and many more.

The forest and the open fields hosts a vast variety of different bird species. If you are a bird watcher you will enjoy the exquisite and very rare tauraco, which is popularly known as the Knysna lourie (Tauraco corythaix) in the forest, and several species of colourful sunbird in the fynbos.

Since it is a wilderness area snakes, spiders and insects are also plentiful.

Climate
Although the forest is called a temperate rainforest, it manages to survive on very little rain. The rainfall is approximately 945 mm per annum. This is very low compared to other temperate rainforests, such as in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in North America which has annual precipitation of 200-400 cm. The summer, especially January and December, is the rainy season. Rainy weather varies from persistent drizzle and misty days, to storms and cloudbreaks. The wettest months are May and October, and the driest are June and July.

The temperature ranges between 23°C/17°C in January and 17°C/10°C in July. The fact that the Reserve is on the coast of the warm Indian ocean explains the balmy climate.

By car
Simply follow the N2 and use the exit to Tsitsikamma National Park/ Stormsriver Mouth, 5 km west of Storms River. Located just off the N2, on the R102, the Reserve is easily accessible by car. It takes about 3 hours to drive there from Port Elizabeth, and around 6 hours from Cape Town. The closest airports are in Port Elizabeth (201 km away) and George (130 km away).

By bus
The main bus companies as well as the Baz bus stop at the Total Petroport on the N2 next to the Paul Sauer bridge over the Storms River. This is about 15 km away from the Storms River Mouth entrance and 55 km from Nature's Valley entrance, but it is generally easy to hitch a lift from there. There is a Tsitsikamma information centre, curio shop, restaurant and fast-food outlet at the Petroport, as well as spectacular views over the Storms River Gorge. Not the worst place to get stuck for a short while when trying to hitch a ride.

Fees

Tsitsikamma Section fees (valid until 31 October 2022):
 * South African citizens and residents (with ID): R60 per adult, R24 per child, per day
 * SADC Nationals (with passport): R120 per adult, R49 per child, per day
 * Foreign visitors: R272 per adult, R98 per child, per day

Get around
By foot only. See Do section.

See

 * Nature
 * Storms River suspension bridge - The forest walkway to the bridge has been upgraded and 2 additional smaller suspension bridges have been added, part of the walkway to/from the main suspension forms circular forms a circular route.

Do

 * Go diving

Short hikes
Short hikes (no fees or permits needed other than entrance fee):

Buy
At Stormsriver Restcamp, the Park's Shop offers the basic needs and souvenirs. In Nature's Valley's Restcamp is no restaurant or shop.

Eat
There is a restaurant Cattle Baron and bar only at the Stormsriver Restcamp.

Drink
Get your drinks at the shop (closes at 6PM), or at the bar of the restaurant (closes after the last guest left, somewhere between 7PM and 10PM). Getting drinks after hours, you need to drive out of the park (gate is manned 24 hours). Either to Sugars Tavern in Stormriver West (township) or Dolfy's Tavern, next the N2 300 m past the petrol station/Paul Sauer Bridge, on your right hand side, both are open till 10PM on weekdays and 2AM in weekends (Friday and Saturday).

Sleep
There are two camps in the park. Be sure to book accommodation before you arrive, especially during high-season. You can check in from noon, check out is till 9AM.

 * Camping with/without power point: R220 (2 persons, maximum 6 persons, additional rate per person R48)
 * Camping with power point and view: R250 (2 persons, maximum 6 persons, additional rate per person R48)
 * Forest Hut with communal facilities: R340 (2 persons)
 * Forest Cabin with communal kitchen: R620 (2 persons)
 * Chalet: R660-R715 (2 persons, maximum 3 or 4 persons, additional rate per person R144)
 * Honeymoon Cottage: R900 (2 persons)
 * Family Cottage: R1095 (4 persons)
 * Oceanette: R620 (2 persons, maximum 3 persons, additional rate per person R144)
 * Oceanette Large: R1095 (4 persons)
 * Guest Cottage: R2195 (4 persons, maximum 8 persons, additional rate per person R248
 * Guest Cottage: R2195 (4 persons, maximum 8 persons, additional rate per person R248

Go next

 * The rest of the Tsitsikamma
 * The Garden Route
 * Jeffreys Bay - the surfer's paradise to the east of the Tsitsikamma.
 * Plettenberg Bay - A beautiful and vibrant coastal town where many boutique shops, galleries and ocean adventures can be had.
 * Nature's Valley - A quaint seaside village which boasts several kilometers of pristine beach, coastal and forest hikes, a lagoon and a local pub restaurant.
 * The Crags - A tourist destination that is home to an elephant sanctuary, a winery, and several other destinations.

title: Tsitsikamma National Park


text:
Tskhinvali

Tskhinvali (Ossetian: Цхинвал, Georgian: ცხინვალი, Russian: Цхинва́л) is the capital city of the separatist republic of South Ossetia, which sits in the Kartli region of Georgia. In 2019, it was home to 32,000 people.

Understand
Modern Ossetians call the city Tskhinval (leaving off the final "i", which is a nominative case ending in Georgian). In colloquial Ossetian, it is often called Chreba (Ossetian: Чъреба).

History
Tskhinvali was first chronicled by Georgian sources in 1398 as a village in Kartli (central Georgia). By the early 20th century, Tskhinvali had developed into a commercial town with a mixed Georgian Jewish, Georgian, Armenian and Ossetian population. During the Soviet era, the town became largely Ossetian due to intense urbanisation and Soviet nativization policy which induced an inflow of the Ossetians from the nearby rural areas into Tskhinvali. It was essentially an industrial centre, with lumber mills and manufacturing plants, and had also several cultural and educational institutions such as a Pedagogical Institute (now Tskhinvali State University) and a drama theatre.

During the 2008 Russian-Georgian War, Tskhinvali was shelled by the Georgian government on in an attempt to regain control over the South Ossetia. After the bombings, the Georgian army invaded the city .The Russian army responded on the following day by moving its own forces into the city, which was captured by the Russian army after intense fighting. 160-360 civilians died during the Battle of Tskhinvali.

The town was heavily damaged during the battle. The old Jewish Quarter, one of the town's unique neighbourhoods, and its main residential district were completely destroyed.

Get in
Citizens of any state can come to Tskhinval only from the Russian side. Crossing the border with Georgia is impossible in either direction. Pretty much the only way to get to Tskhinvali is to travel south of Vladikavkaz, the main city of North Ossetia in Russia.

From Russia, you can get to Tskhinval along the only highway - the Transcaucasian highway.

Buses (marshrutkas) run from Vladikavkaz to Tskhinval several times a day. Numerous taxis also run along this route.

The nearest airport is in Vladikavkaz.

Get around
Tskinvali's city center is compact, and easily covered on foot.

See
The city contains several monuments of medieval Georgian architecture, with the Kavti Church of St. George being the oldest one dating back to the 8th–10th centuries.

Eat
There are many cafes in the city, but the choice of food is small. There are also many kiosks where you can buy hot Ossetian pies.

Sleep

 * Hotel Alania (guest house), street June 8, 4 lane house 29. Tel 89298090979, 89298114181. 800-1500 rubles (Nov 2018). Wi-Fi, air conditioning, a place for cars.

Embassies

 * Abkhazia
 * 🇷🇺 Russia

Stay safe
Tskhinvali has long been the safest destination in South Ossetia to visit. The calm has returned in the region (although that does not mean that it is suitable for tourism).

Stay safe
Unexploded ordnance may be found on the outskirts of the city. It is better not to leave roads and paths.

While the bloody conflicts have ended, the situation in the city is far from ideal. The health system is dilapidated in Tskhinvali: Basic medical supplies, plumbing, to name a few are very short in supply owing to a failing infrastructure that has been damaged during years of warfare. Be sure to bring the necessary medical equipment with you, and only drink bottled water.

Go next

 * Back to Russia. The border between South Ossetia and the rest of Georgia remains closed as of March 2021.

title: Tskhinvali


text:
Tsu

Tsu (津) is the capital of Mie prefecture, Japan, and home to about 290,000 people.

Understand
Tsu is often claimed to be the world's shortest pronounceable city name. The vowel is similar to the one in the English word 'too', but is shorter, has less lip rounding, and is typically voiceless; it is perceptible, but sounds 'whispered'. Also, as English speakers may find the [t] hard to hear, the name sounds rather like 'Sue'. Pronouncing the [t], however, is essential in conveying the meaning.

In Japanese, the city name is usually written either using the character 津, or with つ, a 'hiragana' symbol which indicates the syllable [tsɯ]. Tsu is the only Japanese city name which consists of a single kana, making it the shortest name for a place of any size in Japan.

Tourist information site
The local tourist association has a multilingual guide site.

By plane
Chubu Airport is connected to Tsu by a ferry service which takes 40 minutes. From the port there is a direct bus to Tsu station, costing ¥200. Taxis also queue at the port.

By train
Tsu is on the Kintetsu Nagoya Line between Yokkaichi and Ise, starting at Nagoya. The main station, Tsu (津駅), serves Kintetsu and JR trains. A basic ticket between Nagoya and Tsu costs ¥980 on the Kintetsu line. In the north is the smaller Kintetsu Edobashi Station (江戸橋駅), where most students get off for the university, while the south is home to Kintetsu Tsu-Shinmachi Station (津新町駅). Travellers can alight at any of the three stations for the same fare. There are other JR local line stations around the city. 'Limited express' trains cost extra and only stop at Tsu.

Tsu is also on a direct line to Osaka; for Kyoto travellers should take the Kintetsu line and change at Yamato-Yagi (the route with the Shinkansen to Nagoya is almost as long but twice the price).

Get around
Tsu is split from north to south by Route 23, a highway which runs down the west coast of Ise Bay from Nagoya. It is therefore fairly easy to orientate yourself relative to the road. Tsu railway station is just off Route 23 towards the centre of town, as is Edobashi station.

Buses run from outside Tsu station all over the city. Routes are written in Romanised Japanese on the front. Stops are signposted only in Japanese. At Tsu Station, passengers alight at one stop and board at another. The stop opposite the local police station and branch of McDonald's by Tsu Station serves several buses which head along Route 23 in the direction of Mie University (三重大学 Mie Daigaku) and the University Hospital (大学病院 Daigaku Byouin).

Board a bus via the centre door and take a ticket; you should look up its number on the board at the front of the bus to find the fare you should pay. Deposit the exact money in the box next to the driver on exit: you can change thousand-yen notes in a little machine.

See
The tourist offices for both Tsu City and Mie Prefecture are in the UST Tsu building next to Tsu Station (the tall tower block) on the ground and second floors, respectively. The Tsu City tourist office has a variety of maps, ideas of things to do and information on restaurants in the area.

Eat
Tsu is known for its excellent unagi (eel) restaurants. Tsu Gyoza are also unique to the city. In contrast to ordinary gyoza served in other cities, the Tsu Gyoza is much larger at 15 cm long. Fillings can include Matsusaka Beef or more exciting fillings, such as the Italian style and chocolate banana. Restaurants all over the city which serve Tsu Gyoza are listed on a special Tsu Gyoza map published by the city's tourist office.

Go next
With Tsu as a base, you can easily access most of Mie Prefecture.
 * Ise
 * Iga
 * Matsusaka
 * Nabari
 * Kameyama
 * Suzuka
 * Yokkaichi
 * Uda
 * Nagoya

title: Tsu


text:
Tsuchiura

Tsuchiura (土浦) is a city located in the southern part of Ibaraki Prefecture. Tsuchiura faces Lake Kasumigaura, the second largest lake in Japan.

Tourist Information Site
The local tourist association has a bilingual guide site.

By train
Tsuchiura is on the JR Joban Line, which starts at Ueno station in Tokyo.

Go next

 * Tsukuba
 * Kasumigaura
 * Ushiku
 * Ami
 * Ishioka
 * Ryugasaki
 * Mito
 * Kasama (Ibaraki)
 * Omitama

title: Tsuchiura


text:
Tsugaru Peninsula

Tsugaru Peninsula (津軽半島) is the northwestern peninsula of Aomori prefecture, at the northern tip of the Japanese main island of Honshu.

Cities

 * (つがる) - the city uses hiragana for its name to avoid confusion with the general area
 * (つがる) - the city uses hiragana for its name to avoid confusion with the general area
 * (つがる) - the city uses hiragana for its name to avoid confusion with the general area
 * (つがる) - the city uses hiragana for its name to avoid confusion with the general area
 * (つがる) - the city uses hiragana for its name to avoid confusion with the general area

Understand
Traditionally one of the poorest and remotest areas of Japan, Tsugaru is best known as the birthplace of writer Osamu Dazai, who wrote the mordant travelogue Return to Tsugaru (津軽, ISBN 0870118412) about his travels around the peninsula, and for the Tsugaru-jamisen, a distinctive local version of the Japanese string instrument shamisen.

By train
Tsugaru is separated from Hokkaido by the Tsugaru Strait. There are trains from Aomori through Tsugaru and across via the Seikan Tunnel to Hakodate. Okutsugaru Imabetsu st. in Imabetsu, interchange with Buses can go to Nakadomari and Sotogahama.

By boat
Mutsu wan Ferry service from Kanita to Wakinosawa in Shimokita Peninsula.

Get around
To Kanagi (for the Shayōkan and the Shamisen Hall) and Tsugaru Nakazato, take the Tsugaru Railway from Goshogawara. To Yomogita, Imabetsu and Sotogahama (Cape Tappi and Kanita port) take Tsugaru line from Aomori or Okutsugaru Imabetsu.

Eat

 * Ezo scallop (Hotate-gai, 帆立貝) - Ezo scallops farmed in Mutsu bay.
 * Japanese basket clams (Yamato Shijimi, 大和蜆) - also called simply Shijimi (蜆), sourced from lake Jusan (十三湖).
 * Yakiboshi (焼干し) - made with local fish such as Japanese anchovy, Japanese horse mackerel etc; the fish are also added to stock (dashi, 出汁).

Go next

 * Hakodate - Take Hokkaido Shinkansen.
 * Mutsu - Take Mutsu wan ferry.

title: Tsugaru Peninsula


text:
Tsukuba

Tsukuba (つくば) is a city in Ibaraki, to the north of Tokyo, Japan.

Understand
Tsukuba is a modern town built around the University of Tsukuba — one of the most respected public universities in Japan and home to three Nobel Prize winners and a synchrotron. The city is also located at the foot of Mount Tsukuba which offers scenic views, hiking, and lifts. The surrounding area is mostly agricultural.

Tourist information sites

 * The city government's official site has a good Japanese-only tourism section with integrated machine translation.

 * The local tourist association has a Japanese-only guide site, with a downloadable 8-page pamphlet in English.

Get in
The Tsukuba Express Line (sometimes abbreviated as TX) connects Tsukuba to Akihabara in downtown Tokyo in about 45 minutes. The fare is ¥1,150. No reservation is necessary, despite the flashy name it looks like most other trains.

You can also travel to Tsukuba by highway bus (高速バス) from Tokyo station's Yaesu south exit (八重洲南口). Most of the buses go to University of Tsukuba, but you can get off at Tsukuba Center, a bus hub located near the Tsukuba Express line station. The travel time is approx. 70 minutes at a cost of ¥1150 each way.

If you get to Narita airport by plane, a route by train to Tsukuba is: Narita airport~(Keisei Narita Sky Access)~Shin-Kamagaya~(Tobu Urban Park Line) via Kashiwa)~Nagareyama-Otakanomori~(Tsukuba Express)~Tsukuba. Japan Rail Passes can not be used on this route. Any train route requires at least two train changes. Using Narita Kuko Kotsu Express bus is simpler - direct to Tsukuba station bus terminal, six times a day, at \2400.

Get around
Tsukuba is extremely accessible and well laid-out. The infrastructure consists of the Higashi-Ōdori (東大通り) on the east and the Nishi-Ōdori (西大通り) on the west, both major roadways running on either side of the university. The campus itself is connected to downtown via a system of bicycle paths and bridges, known as the Pedestrian Way, offering easy transit for university students.

Bicycle rental is available in front of the train station (ask for "rent-a-cycle"). ¥500 per day, half for kids bicycles, open from 09:00 to 18:30. You have to return the bicycles by 18:30, except if you rent for several days.

Do
Tsukuba's main attraction for tourists is Mount Tsukuba, a double-peaked mountain with a lot of history. The Tsukuba-san Shuttle Bus drives from the Tsukuba Express Train Station to Tsukuba Shrine for ¥720 each way, and to its terminus Tsutsujigaoka, closer to the top, for about ¥1,000. The last bus back to the city is at 5PM.

Buy
Tsukuba's local specialty is Gama Oil (ガマの油), an ointment that has existed since the Edo period.

Tsukuba has several large shopping centers such as LALA GARDEN, Q't and SEIBU. Lots of families or couples go there every weekend.

Drink
Many bars and izakaya (japanese-style pub) are located in Kuidaore district, which is near to a crossing of Kita-odori (北大通り) and Nishi-odori (西大通り).
 * Bar Progress, Amakubo 2-4-21 (Researchers and students gather and interact there)
 * Bar Progress, Amakubo 2-4-21 (Researchers and students gather and interact there)

Go next

 * Tsuchiura
 * Kasumigahara
 * Ushiku
 * Tsukubamirai
 * Ishioka
 * Kasama
 * Joso
 * Chikusei
 * Shimotsuma

title: Tsukuba


text:
Tsumeb

Tsumeb is a city of 29,000 people (2011) in Oshikoto region of Namibia. It is close to Otavi and Grootfontein. Tsumeb is the "gateway to the north" of Namibia. It is the closest town to the Etosha National Park.

Understand
Tsumeb is a true garden town. Jacarandas, bougainvilleas and various flowering trees, shrubs and vines perfectly blend into the area. They make the streets shady and attractive. Especially spring in Tsumeb is an experience.

The town is the site of a deep mine (the lower workings now closed), that is called the Ongopolo Mine. It is noted for 243 valid minerals and is the type location for 56 types of mineral. Some of the germanium minerals are only found in this mine.

There are 105 commercial farms around Tsumeb. The area consists largely of rolling hills covered in thorn bush. Tsumeb falls under the dry woodland, savanna vegetation zone. The soil around Tsumeb varies in quality from very fertile red loam through black turf to chalky clay and loam. The district is thus suitable for intensified farming and crop production. There is an abundance of ground water and regular rainfall in the summer months. Irrigation makes the area even more productive. Farmers in the area grow citrus fruits with much success. The main crops grown are maize, sorghum and sunflowers. Cattle farming is also widespread.

Get in
Tsumeb is located at the intersection of the B1, heading northeast from Otjiwarongo and the C42.

Get around
Downtown is compact and easy to walk. However, to get to the cultural center at the entrance to the town, a car would be advisable. Parking is free. Voluntary carguards will look after your car.

See
The downtown is pleasant and functional. Do see the Tsumeb Arts and Crafts Centre. This is a joint project developed with support from Norway. There are reconstructed homes from various parts of Namibia. If the full plan is implemented, it will have typical homes from all major tribal groups in Namibia as well as people demonstrated the life of that group. Many of the prototypical homes have been constructed, but the place is often empty.

Near to the town are two large sinkhole lakes, Lake Otjikoto and Lake Guinas ("Gwee-nus"). Guinas, at about 500 m in diameter, is somewhat larger in area than Otjikoto. The depths of the lakes are unknown, because towards the bottom both lakes disappear into lateral cave systems, so it is not possible to use a weight to sound them. Otjikoto, which has poor visibility (owing to pollution from agricultural fertilizers used nearby), is at least 60 m deep. The water in Guinas is completely clear and well over 100 m deep. Guinas has been in existence for so long that a unique species of fish, Tilapia guinasana, has evolved in its waters.

Off the road to Grootfontein is a turn-off for the Hoba Meteorite. It lies in a field about 40 minutes' drive to the southeast of Tsumeb, at Hoba West. It is a nickel-iron meteorite of about 60 tonnes.

Buy
Tsumeb has a well developed downtown with most basic services such as ATMs, grocery stores, and a pharmacy.

title: Tsumeb


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Tsumkwe

Tsumkwe is a village in remote eastern Otjozondjupa region in a barren area of Namibia formerly known as Bushmanland.

Understand
Tsumkwe is the centre of Bushmanland, and it is okay to refer to it like that. For people, though, the word "bushman" is considered derogatory, call them "San" instead.

Get in
Tsumkwe can be reached with an ordinary sedan via Grootfontein to the west, and via Gobabis from the south. From the east there is a gravel road from Botswana; This border post is only accessible to Namibian and Tswana citizens. When arriving from Omaheke region, consider that the 350 km gravel track from Gobabis does not lead past any visible petrol station. There is one at Omauezonjanda (signposted Epukiro Pos 3) that should at least stock diesel but you have to ask someone to find it.

Get around
The village itself is walkable. On all minor roads in the vicinity you need a 4x4 due to really deep and soft sand. If you consider visiting Khaudum National Park you'll need two vehicles in case one breaks down, and they need to be serious all-terrain cars, not just SUVs with four-wheel drive.

See
The major attraction in the area is the Khaudum National Park in the Kavango north of Tsumkwe.

There are several large baobab trees in the vicinity and several nice spots for seeing animals and birds. During the wet season from January to April the area is beautiful and with luck you can see several endangered bird species. From August to October is the best for seeing animals.

Elephants roam everywhere in the area, you will likely see some even on the access roads and in the village.

Do

 * Living villages: You can stay in a San community for a few hours or several days and participate in their life: Build a traditional hut, forge iron arrow tips, learn to read animal spoor, and so on. Great for kids! There are several such villages around Tsumkwe. Contact the Nyae Nyae Conservancy for more information about this. Tsumkwe Lodge can also organise trips to living villages.
 * Community camp sites: You can camp at several San villages around Tsumkwe, ask at the Tsumkwe Lodge which ones are worth visiting. The villagers often also offer activities like guided walks, and the experience is a bit more natural than in the official living villages. The downside is that the "program" is not guaranteed: If the story teller is absent then there will be no story night at the fire, when only elders are around no one will take you on a walk for edible plants. The community camp sites are a lot cheaper than the living villages. When arranging for a price for activities keep in mind that there is a minimum wage in Namibia of around 12.50 N$ per hour. Please do not add to the exploitation of the San by paying less than that.

Buy
Since mid 2008 there is a commercial petrol station in Tsumkwe. It also houses an Afrox outlet where camping gas bottles can be filled, and a somewhat decent general dealer. However, perishable goods, even bread, eggs, or milk, are rarely available. Usually Grootfontein is the last outpost for such supplies before heading to Tsumkwe.

There are several other sparsely stocked supermarkets in the village - one even functions as a post office - but their standard stock is maize meal, beer and soft drinks. You might get some frozen meat at low quality and an inflated price.

Bushman curios are available at the "shop" (read garage) run by Rev. van Zijl and his wife. They have acquired these artifacts directly from the San in exchange for food. They use this system to avoid any proceeds from their crafts being used for alcohol - a growing problem with San in the area.

Sleep
The Tsumkwe Lodge is the main place to stay in the area. There is also a public guesthouse. The camping possibilities are good but remember to pay the camping fee to the conservancy.

Go next
When travelling south or east from Tsumkwe you will cross the Red Line where all meat will be confiscated due to veterinary health regulations.

title: Tsumkwe


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Tsuruga

Tsuruga (敦賀市 Tsuruga-shi) is a city in Fukui Prefecture.

Understand
Tsuruga has been a natural seaport for ages, and these days it is flourishing as a sea gateway to foreign countries. Container ships and high-speed ferries are in service daily, and people and goods are traveling and transporting via the port.

Tsuruga is not a major tourist attraction, but travellers are likely to change trains here, since it's the terminus of the Hokuriku Shinkansen and various limited express services from central Japan.

Tourist Information

 * Tsuruga Guide is a multilingual guide site by the local tourism association.

By train
Tsuruga is the southern terminus of the Hokuriku Shinkansen from Tokyo, 3 hours and 8 minutes away on the fastest trains, via Nagano, Kanazawa, Komatsu and Fukui.

Do

Eat
Tsuruga is a major fishing port on the Sea of Japan. Enjoy freshly-caught seafood at local markets, sushi shops, and restaurants. Famous seafood delicacies include Tsuruga blowfish and, in the winter, Echizen crab.

Go next

 * Obama
 * Sabae
 * Fukui
 * Nagahama
 * Hikone
 * Wakasa
 * Mihama
 * Minamiechizen
 * Takashima

title: Tsuruga


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Tsuruoka

Tsuruoka (鶴岡) is a city in Yamagata.

Tourist information site
The local tourist association has a bilingual guide site.

By train

 * From Tokyo, Tsuruoka is reachable in as little as four hours by taking a Joetsu Shinkansen Toki or Max Toki service, changing in Niigata to one of several daily Inaho limited express trains (¥12,760). Taking local trains from Tokyo is silly, because the overnight bus is comparable in price and faster (though if you're doing the Seishun 18 ticket, this train option, though slower, will still be several times cheaper than the cheapest bus.)
 * From Tokyo, Tsuruoka is reachable in as little as four hours by taking a Joetsu Shinkansen Toki or Max Toki service, changing in Niigata to one of several daily Inaho limited express trains (¥12,760). Taking local trains from Tokyo is silly, because the overnight bus is comparable in price and faster (though if you're doing the Seishun 18 ticket, this train option, though slower, will still be several times cheaper than the cheapest bus.)

Get around
Tsuruoka City has an official website in English that you can check to get around the city and discover hotels, restaurants and hot springs.

The city also has an official Japanese website which is very exhaustive in terms of Tsuruoka's cultural heritage.

Eat
Tsuruoka's claim to culinary fame is dadacha-mame (だだちゃ豆), the local variant of the popular snack edamame. The appearance and taste resembled peas in the pod, and many are surprised to find out that this, too, is actually made from soybeans.

Sleep
go to city central or Yunohama hot spring.

Go next

 * Dewa Sanzan. The three holy mountains of Shugendo.
 * Mikawa
 * Sakata. The port city of Sakata is 24 km NW and is connected to Tsuruoka by Expressway, Route 7, and the Uetsu Main Line.
 * Yuza
 * Tozawa
 * Yurihonjo. Explore Yurihonjo, a city in SW Akita Prefecture.
 * Murakami
 * Tanai
 * Shibata

title: Tsuruoka


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Tsuruta

Tsuruta (鶴田) is a town in Tsugaru region of Aomori prefecture. Literally translated, the town's name means "Cranefield".

Tourist information site
The local tourist association has a multilingual guide site.

Fujimiko
Fujimiko is the name of a lake, park, and onsen (hot spring) in Tsuruta.

Do

Go next

 * Hirosaki
 * Itayanagi
 * Aomori
 * Fujisaki
 * Inakadate
 * Tsugaru
 * Goshogawara
 * Ajigasawa
 * Kuroishi

title: Tsuruta


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Tsuwano

Tsuwano (津和野町) is a town in Shimane Prefecture, Japan. It's on the border with Yamaguchi Prefecture. It's sometimes referred to as "Little Kyoto" and is well known for having tens of thousands of koi (carp) that live in the narrow canals that run through town, mostly in the Tonomachi area.

Tourist information site
The local tourist association has a Japanese-only guide site.

By plane
Hagi-Iwami Airport is in Masuda City, about a 40 min. drive away.

By train
Tsuwano is on the JR Yamaguchi Line, which branches from the San'in Main Line at Masuda and terminates at Shin-Yamaguchi, the closest shinkansen stop. Much of the year a train pulled by a steam locomotive (SL Yamaguchi-gō) built in the early 1900s that runs once a day on weekends (daily in July and August) between Shin-Yamaguchi station and Tsuwano.

There are six incoming and six outgoing trains each day (3 local and 3 super ooki in each direction).

By bus
There are buses to and from local and regional destinations. There are also overnight buses to some large cities such as Osaka and Tokyo (Shinjuku Station New South exit).

Get around
Much of Tsuwano can be easily accessed by foot. There are some bicycles for rent across the street from Tsuwano Station and usually there are several taxis waiting in front of the station as well.

Buy
There are at least 3 sake factories, 2 of which are on Tonomachi road. Tsuwano has made washi (paper) for hundreds of years. The souvenir shops sell many kinds of paper and dolls made of paper. There is also a shop near Tsuwano High School that makes paper in the traditional way. For a fee, you can make some paper yourself and keep what you made. The souvenir shops also sale various kinds of traditional pickles. Tsuwano also sells Genji-maki, a kind of pancake wrapped around sweet beans.

Eat
Many visitors come through on tour buses, so most restaurants serve lunches but close early in the evening. If you are staying overnight in Tsuwano and your accommodation does not include meals, take care not to leave eating until too late.

Go next

 * Hagi
 * Yamaguchi
 * Masuda
 * Hamada
 * Yoshika
 * Gotsu
 * Oda
 * Ato
 * Hofu

title: Tsuwano


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Tsuyama

Tsuyama (津山市, Tsuyama-shi) is a city in northern Okayama Prefecture, Japan.

Understand
Originally known as Soja (not to be confused with the present-day city of Soja), Tsuyama City was established in 713 as the capital of Mimasaka Province. In its early years, it was just a small town with little influence, but in 1603 things began to change after Tokugawa Ieyasu successfully defeated the local warlords and united the nation under his rule. Tokugawa Ieyasu awarded Mimasaka Province to Tadamasa Mori who rapidly began to develop the capital of his domain. Upon becoming ruler, Mori constructed plans to build his own castle and thirteen years later, the construction of Tsuyama Castle in Tsuruyama (from which the name "Tsuyama" is believed to have originated) was completed. During its heyday, Tsuyama Castle was said to be the most magnificent castle in all of Japan with an impressive amount of fortifications. The city flourished as a castle town and a major stop for pilgrims along the Izumo Kaido.

As the nation came into contact with the West during the 18th century, Western learning became increasingly crucial, and scholars from Tsuyama played an important role in translating foreign writings and forming policies to deal with the West. Unfortunately, during the Meiji Period, as castles became less practical and upkeep increasingly burdensome, the government commissioned Tsuyama Castle to be demolished, along with many others throughout the nation. While the city is not as busy and bustling today as it once was, the citizens are proud of their history and much of the city's historical sites remain well-preserved, making Tsuyama a quiet yet charming town.

Tourist information site
The local tourist association has a multilingual guide site.

By train
Most train travelers take the Sanyo Line to Okayama Station. From there, you can take the Tsuyama Line directly to Tsuyama Station, the terminus, in about an hour for ¥1140. Alternatively, the Kishin Line connects Himeji to Tsuyama with a couple transfers. This can be a better option when using local trains with the Seishun 18 Ticket for travelers coming from Kansai. The Kishin Line also connects to Tsuyama with Niimi (¥1,320) to the west, but trains are infrequent.

If you are coming from the north, the JR Inbi Line connects Tottori to Tsuyama. Trains are less frequent, and it takes about 3 hours (¥1,490) to reach Tsuyama due to the lack of alignment with connections in Chizu. If you're waiting an hour or longer for a transfer, there is enough time to explore Chizu's historic district.

By car
The Chugoku Expressway (中国自動車道) running from Nishinomiya in the east all the way to Shimonoseki in the west passes through Tsuyama. Route 53 connects Okayama and Tottori to Tsuyama. From the expressway or Route 53, take the exit at the Tsuyama Interchange. From Fukuchiyama, travel on Route 429 to reach Tsuyama. From Yonago, travel south on Route 181.

By bus
Ryobi Bus operates direct buses all the way from Shinagawa in Tokyo to Tsuyama for ¥9930 one way.

The JR Highway Bus and JR Shinki Bus have buses in Kyoto and Osaka bound for Tsuyama departing daily. The bus from Kyoto boards at Kyoto Station and costs ¥3000. There are two different boarding points in Osaka. The first stop is at Osaka Station (¥2670) from the Sakurabashi Exit. The other option is at Shin-Osaka Station. Buses departing from Osaka are much more frequent than those departing from Kyoto, so it is often easier to reserve seats or buy bus tickets upon arrival in Osaka. The bus that arrives at Shin-Osaka Station is the same bus that departs from Osaka Station, so those who wish to choose their seat or sit with a group should consider boarding at Osaka Station.

By bus
The Tsuyama City bus is the Gongo Bus, named after the city's mascot. Each ride costs ¥200. From Tsuyama Station, buses travel to places around central Tsuyama, including Joto Street, along with buses to the Kume area. Buses to the northern regions can be accessed from stops closer to Higashi-Tsuyama Station.

By car
Upon exiting the station, there are car rentals available.

By taxi
Taxis are available at Tsuyama Station.

By bike
Bike rentals are a great way to explore Tsuyama. You can rent bikes at the Tourist Information Center to the right of Tsuyama Station. Two-hour rentals cost ¥400 or ¥1000 for the entire day. Motorized bikes cost ¥600 for two hours or ¥2000 for the day. When renting bikes, pay the daily fee upfront and when you return, depending on how long you were out, you will get money back.

On foot
Although some of the sites are too far to reach on foot, the sites in and around Joto Street are all within walking distance of Tsuyama Station. For a map of the area, visit the information center just to the right of Tsuyama Station. Kakuzan Park takes 15-20 minutes to reach from the station on foot. Even some of the sites off Joto Street, such as Shurakuen Garden can be reached on foot.

Talk
Although there is a dialect specific to Okayama Prefecture, it's not as strong or noticeable as some of the other dialects, but you will find it spoken in Tsuyama. One word that is specific to Tsuyama that is not even used in Okayama is bucchi which means "very". In standard Japanese, this word is totemo. Rather than using bucchi, in Okayama City they use bokke.

Joto Street

Joto Street (城東) is Tsuyama's historic district. During the Edo Period, Tsuyama was an important stop along the pilgrimage route to Izumo Shrine. Joto Street was where the pilgrims would pass through and stay. The old houses have been preserved so that today visitors can get a feel for what the city was like back in its heyday as a castle town.

Other sites

Do

Buy
Tsuyama Neritenjin are clay figures of Neritenjin, the Shinto god of learning. In the past, they were made to worship. They are still made in Tsuyama today however, for most people, they are simply a unique souvenir.

Yokono Washi the traditional paper of the Yokono area is still produced today in the same fashion in which it was once produced.

The best place to purchase souvenirs are in the shops along Joto Street. The shops that align this street are locally owned and managed, with most of the merchandise being hand-made by the shop owners.

Eat
Tsuyama is famous for it horumon udon (fried udon noodles with sauce and pork or beef giblets). The town also has two famous treats, the sweet-tasting Tsuyama Senbei and Tsuyama Manju. The senbei and manju can be purchased at the Visitor Center on Joto Street, as well as some of the specialty shops along the street.

Sleep

Go next

 * Kagamino — Buses depart for Okutsu Onsen, one of Okayama's most famous hot springs.
 * Nagi — Buses from Tsuyama take you straight to its world-class modern art museum.
 * Mimasaka — Known for Yunogo Onsen and Musashi Miyamoto.
 * Maniwa — A dynamic town with hot springs, good food, a historic town, and the prefecture's most famous waterfall.
 * Misaki — A rural town known for its scenic rice fields and egg over rice dish.
 * Kumenan — The lesser known Tanjoji Temple sits here with a nice garden and large gingko tree that covers the ground in yellow during the fall season.
 * Chizu — Known for its small historic district and heart-themed train station.
 * Sayo — Famed for its sunflower fields
 * Himeji — Known worldwide for the magnificent castle.

title: Tsuyama


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Tswana phrasebook

Tswana (Setswana) is spoken in Botswana and South Africa.

Greeting

 * Hello. : Dumela (One person) Dumelang (More than one person)
 * Dumela Rra - when addressing a man, Dumela Borra - when addressing men, more than one
 * Dumela Mma - when addressing a woman Dumela Bomma - when addressing women, more than one

Tshwarelo rre:. ( )
 * Hello. (informal) : . (Dumela ), singular; (Dumelang), plural
 * How are you? : O tsogíle jang? (O tsogile ?)
 * Fine, thank you. : . (Ke tsogile / Ke a leboga )
 * What is your name? : ? (Leina la gago ke mang ?)
 * My name is _______. : (Leina la me ke ________.)
 * Nice to meet you. : . (Ke itumela go go itse )
 * Please. : . (Ka tsweetswee )
 * Thank you. : . (Ke a leboga )
 * You're welcome. : . (O amogelesegile )
 * Yes. : . (Ee )
 * No. : . (Nnyaa )
 * Excuse me. (getting attention)
 * Excuse me. (begging pardon) : . ( )
 * I'm sorry. : . (Ke kopa maitshwarelo )
 * Goodbye Sala sentle - stay well  Tsamaya sentle - go well
 * Goodbye (informal) : Go siame
 * I can't speak Tswana [well]. : [ ]. ( [Ga ke itse go bua Setswana sentle ])
 * Do you speak English? : ? (A o bua sekgowa ?)
 * Is there someone here who speaks English? : ? (A gona le mongwe fa yo o buang sekgowa ?)
 * Help! : ! (Thusa !)
 * Look out! : ! (Bona koo !)
 * Good morning. :. (Moso o itumedisang )
 * Good evening. : . (motshegare )
 * Good night. :. (Bosigo jo bo monate/boitumedisang )
 * Good night (to sleep) : . (Robala sentle )
 * I don't understand. : . (Ga ke tlhaloganye )
 * I (really) don't know. : (Ga ke itse (tota))
 * Come here boy/girl. : (Tla kwano mosimane/mosetsana)
 * Where is the toilet? : ? (Ntlwana ya boithusetso e kae?)

Problems

 * Leave me alone. : . (ntlogele .)
 * Don't touch me! : ! (o seka wa ntshwara/o seka wa nkgoma !)
 * I'll call the police. : . (ke tla leletsa mapodise .)
 * Police! : ! (mapodise !)
 * Stop! Thief! : ! ! (ema !legodu !)
 * Are you crazy?! : ? ! (Wa tsenwa?!)
 * I will beat you! : ! (Ke tlago betsa!)
 * I need your help. :. (ke kopa thuso ya gago .)
 * It's an emergency. :. (ke ka tshoganetso .)
 * I'm lost. :. (ke latlhegile/ke timetse .)
 * I lost my bag. :. (ke latlhegetswe ke kgetsana yame .)
 * I lost my wallet. :. (ke latlhile sepache same .)
 * I'm sick. :. (ke a lwala .)
 * I've been injured. :. (ke gobetse .)
 * I need a doctor. :. (ke batla ngaka .)
 * Can I use your phone? :? (ke ka dirisa mogala wa gago ?)

Numbers

 * 1 : (bongwe )
 * 2 : (bobedi )
 * 3 : (boraro )
 * 4 : (bone )bone
 * 5 : (botlhano )
 * 6 : (boratato )
 * 7 : (bosupa )
 * 8 : (borobabobedi )
 * 9 : (borobabongwe )
 * 10 : (lesome )lesome
 * 11 : (lesome-le-bongwe )
 * 12 : (lesome-le-bobedi )
 * 13 : (lesome-le-boraro' )
 * 14 : (lesome-le-bone)
 * 15 : (lesome-le-botlhano )
 * 16 : (lesome-le-borataro )
 * 17 : (lesome-le-bosupa )
 * 18 : (lesome-le-borobabobedi )
 * 19 : (lesome-le-borobabongwe )
 * 20 : (masome-a-mabedi )
 * 21 : (masome-a-mabedi-le bongwe )
 * 22 : (masome-a-mabedi-le-bobedi' )
 * 23 : (masome-a-mabedi-le-boraro )
 * 30 : (masome-a-maroro )
 * 40 : (masome-a-mane )
 * 50 : (masome-a-matlhano )
 * 60 : (masome-a-marataro )
 * 70 : (masome-a-supa )ma
 * 80 : (masome-a-robabobedi )
 * 90 : (masome-a-robabongwe )
 * 100 : (lekgolo )lekgolo
 * 200 : (makgolo-a-mabedi )
 * 300 : (makgolo-a-mararo )
 * 1,000 : (sekete )sekete
 * 2,000 : (kete-tse-pedi )
 * 1,000,000 : (sedikadike )
 * 1,000,000,000 : ( )
 * 1,000,000,000,000 : ( )
 * number _____ (train, bus, etc.) : (dipalo )
 * half : (sephatlo )
 * less : (bonnye )
 * more : (bontsi )

Time

 * now : (jaanong )
 * later : (kgantele )
 * before : (lantlha )
 * morning : (moso )
 * afternoon : (motshegare )
 * evening : (maitsebowa )
 * night : (bosigo )

Clock time

 * one o'clock AM : (nako ya bongwe maphakela )
 * two o'clock AM : (nako ya bobedi maphakela )
 * noon : (motshegare )
 * one o'clock PM : (nako ya bongwe maitsebowa )
 * two o'clock PM : (nako ya bobedi maistebowa )
 * midnight : (bosigo-gare )

Duration

 * 10_____ minute(s) : (metsotso' )
 * ___5__ hour(s) : (di oura )
 * _____ day(s) : (matsatsi )
 * _____ week(s) : (dibeke )
 * _____ month(s) : (dikgwedi )
 * _____ year(s) : (dingwaga )

Days

 * today : (gompieno )g
 * yesterday : (maabane )
 * tomorrow : (kamoso )
 * this week : (beke e tlang )
 * last week : (beke ee fetileng )
 * next week : (beke ee tlang )

 * Sunday : (tshipi )
 * Monday : (mosupologo )
 * Tuesday : (labobedi )
 * Wednesday : (laboraro )
 * Thursday : (labone )
 * Friday : ( labotlhano)
 * Saturday : (matlhatso )

Months

 * January : (Hirikgong )
 * February : (tlhakole )
 * March : (mopitlo)
 * April : (moranang )
 * May : (motsheganong )
 * June : (seetebosigo )
 * July : (phukwi )
 * August : (phatwe )
 * September : (lwetsi )
 * October : (Diphalane )
 * November : (ngwanatsele )
 * December : (sedimonthole )

Colors

 * black : (bontsho )
 * white : (bosweu )
 * gray : (borokwa )
 * red : (boshibidu )
 * blue : (botala jwa loapi )
 * yellow :(seroloana )
 * green : (botala jwa tlhaga )
 * orange : (meals wa namune/wa lephutshe )
 * purple : (phepole )
 * brown : (bosetlha )

Bus and train

 * How much is a ticket to _____? : (thekete ke bokae? )
 * One ticket to _____, please. : (thekete e le  nngwe ko_______tsweetswee )
 * Where does this train/bus go? : (terena kgotsa base e e ya kae? )
 * Where is the train/bus to _____? : (terena  kgotsa base e ya ko_______? )
 * Does this train/bus stop in _____? : (a base kgotsa terenae e ema   ko_______? )
 * When does the train/bus for _____ leave? : ( )
 * When will this train/bus arrive in _____? : (terenakgotsa base  e e tla goroga leng ko______?)

Directions

 * How do I get to _____ ? : (ke goroga jang koo______? )
 * ...the train station? : (....maemelo a terena? )
 * ...the bus station? : (....maemelo a dibaee? )
 * ...the airport? : (...maemelo a difofane? )
 * ...downtown? : (ko toropong? )
 * ...the youth hostel? : ( )
 * ...the _____ hotel? : ( )
 * ...the American/Canadian/Australian/British consulate? : ( )
 * Where are there a lot of... : (ke ko kae ko go nang le_______se sentsi? )
 * ...hotels? : ( )
 * ...restaurants? : ( )
 * ...bars? : (dibara? )
 * ...sites to see? : ( )
 * Can you show me on the map? : (a o ka mpontsha mo mmepeng? )
 * street : (mokgwatha )
 * Turn left. :(kapogela ho molema )
 * Turn right. :(kapogela ho moja)
 * left : (molema )
 * right : (moja )
 * straight ahead :(stamaela ho sele )
 * towards the _____ : (go lebagana le______ )
 * past the _____ :(fetaa fa.... )
 * before the _____ :(sele ga________ )
 * Watch for the _____. : (o lebelele_______ )
 * intersection :(mahosano )
 * north :(bokone )
 * south :(borwa )
 * east :(bothaba )
 * west :(bophirima )
 * uphill :(jodimo ja thaba )
 * downhill :(ho tlase ja thaba )

Taxi

 * Taxi! : ( )
 * Take me to _____, please. :(tonki)
 * How much does it cost to get to _____? :(ke go ya ko....? )
 * Take me there, please. : (nkisa teng,ka tsweetswee )

Lodging

 * Do you have any rooms available? :(a le ya borobalo ee senang ope? )
 * How much is a room for one person/two people? : (ke bokae ntlwana ya borobalo fa motho a le mongwe kgotsa ba le babedi? )
 * Does the room come with... : (a ntlwana e tla ka_______? )
 * ...bedsheets? : ( )
 * ...a bathroom? : (ntlawana ya go tlhapela? )
 * ...a telephone? : (mogala? )
 * ...a TV? : (setshwantsho sa motshikinyego?)
 * May I see the room first? : (a nkabona ntlwana ya borobalo pele? )
 * Do you have anything quieter? : ( )
 * ...bigger? : (setona? )
 * ...cleaner? : (bophepa? )
 * ...cheaper? : (tlhwatlhwa tlase? )
 * OK, I'll take it. : (go siame,ke tla e tsaya )
 * I will stay for _____ night(s). : (ke nna bosigo(ma)a le______)
 * Can you suggest another hotel? : ( )
 * Do you have a safe? : ( )
 * ...lockers? : ( )
 * Is breakfast/supper included? : (a dijo tsa phakela kgotsa bosigo mo teng? )
 * What time is breakfast/supper? : (dijo tsa phakela kgotsa bosigo ke nako mang? )
 * Please clean my room. : (ka tsweetswee phepafatsa ntlwana yame ya borobalo )
 * Can you wake me at _____? : (a o    ka ntsosa ka______? )
 * I want to check out. : ( )
 * nails : (manala  )
 * hair : (Morris/Morriri  )
 * Hot : (Bolelo/Bollo  )
 * Cold : (Tsididi/Maroro )

Money :(Madi)

 * Do you accept American/Australian/Canadian dollars? : ( )
 * Do you accept British pounds? : ( )
 * Do you accept euros? : ( )
 * Do you accept credit cards? : ( )
 * Can you change money for me? : ( )
 * Where can I get money changed? : ( )
 * Can you change a traveler's check for me? : ( )
 * Where can I get a traveler's check changed? : ( )
 * What is the exchange rate? : ( )
 * Where is an automatic teller machine (ATM)? : ( )

Eating

 * A table for one person/two people, please. : (ke kopa tafole ya motho ale mongwe kgotsa ba le babedi,ka tsweetswee )
 * Can I look at the menu, please? : ( )
 * Can I look in the kitchen? : (a nka bona mo ntlwaneng ya boapeelo? )
 * Is there a house specialty? : (a gona le tsa ntlo tse di kgethegileng? )
 * Is there a local specialty? : (a gona le tsa setso/setswana tse di kgethegileng? )
 * I'm a vegetarian. : (ke ja merogo fela )
 * I don't eat pork. : (ga ke je nama ya kolobe )
 * I don't eat beef. : (ga ke je nama ya kgomo )
 * I only eat kosher food. : ( )
 * Can you make it "lite", please? (less oil/butter/lard) : ( )
 * fixed-price meal : ( )
 * a la carte : ( )
 * breakfast : (dijo tsa moso/phakela )
 * lunch : (dijo tsa motshegare )
 * tea (meal) : (tee/mogodungwana (dijo) )
 * supper : (dijo tsa selalelo/maitseboa )
 * I want _____. : (ke batla go ________ )
 * I want a dish containing _____. : (ke batla tse di nang le_______ )
 * chicken : (nama ya kgogo )
 * beef : (nama ya kgomo )
 * fish : (tlhapi )
 * ham : ( )
 * sausage : ( )
 * cheese : (botoro )
 * eggs : (mae )
 * salad : ( )
 * (fresh) vegetables :  (merogo e e phepa )
 * (fresh) fruit : (maungo a a phepa )
 * bread : (borotho/senkgwe )
 * toast : ( )
 * noodles : ( )
 * rice : ( )
 * beans : (dinawa )
 * May I have a glass of _____? : (ke kopa galase ya_______? )
 * May I have a cup of _____? : (ke kopa kopi ya________? )
 * May I have a bottle of _____? : (ke kopa botlele ya_______? )
 * coffee : (kofi )
 * tea (drink) : (tee/mogodungwana (nwa) )
 * juice : (matute a maungo )
 * (bubbly) water : ( )
 * (still) water : ( )
 * beer : (biri )
 * red/white wine : (mofine o mohibidu/o mosweu )
 * May I have some _____? : (ke kopa_____? )
 * salt : (letswai )
 * black pepper : ( )
 * butter : (botoro )
 * Excuse me, waiter? (getting attention of server): ( )
 * I'm finished. : (ke feditse )
 * It was delicious. : (go ne go le monate )
 * Please clear the plates. : (ka tsweetswee tsaya dijana )
 * The check, please. : ( )

Bars

 * Do you serve alcohol? : (o rekisa bojalwa? )
 * Is there table service? : ( )
 * A beer/two beers, please. : (beri /diberi bobedi )
 * A glass of red/white wine, please. : (galasi ya mofine e shibidu/swewu, ka tsweetswee )
 * A pint, please. : ( )
 * A bottle, please. : ( )
 * _____ (hard liquor) and _____ (mixer), please. : ( )
 * whiskey : (ugologo )
 * vodka : ( )
 * rum : ( )
 * water : (metsi )
 * club soda : ( )
 * tonic water : ( )
 * orange juice : ( )
 * Coke (soda) : ( )
 * Do you have any bar snacks? : ( )
 * One more, please. : (e nngwe,ka tsweetswee )
 * Another round, please. : ( )
 * When is closing time? : (go tswalwa nako mang? )
 * Cheers! : ( )

Shopping

 * Do you have this in my size? : ( )
 * How much is this? : (ke bokae se? )
 * That's too expensive. : (se a tura thata )
 * Would you take _____? : (ao ka tsaya_______? )
 * expensive : (tura )
 * cheap : (ga se turu )
 * I can't afford it. : ( )
 * I don't want it. : (ga ke e batle )
 * You're cheating me. : (o a ntsietsa )
 * I'm not interested. : (.ga kena kgatlhego.)
 * OK, I'll take it. : (go siame,ke tla e tsaya )
 * Can I have a bag? : (ke kopa beke? )
 * Do you ship (overseas)? : ( )
 * I need... : (ke batla_______ )
 * ...toothpaste. : (borache jwa meno )
 * ...a toothbrush. : ( )
 * ...tampons. : . ( )
 * ...soap. : (molora oo tlhapang )
 * ...shampoo. : ( )
 * ...pain reliever. (e.g., aspirin or ibuprofen) : ( )
 * ...cold medicine. : (molemo        oo     tsidid )
 * ...stomach medicine. : ... (molemo wa     mala )
 * ...a razor. : (legare )
 * ...an umbrella. : (sekhukhu )
 * ...sunblock lotion. : (setlolo sa go ithireletsa letsatsi )
 * ...a postcard. : ( )
 * ...postage stamps. : (stempe sa poso )
 * ...batteries. : ( )
 * ...writing paper. : (pampiri ya go kwalela )
 * ...a pen. : (pena )
 * ...English-language books. : (buka ya sekgoa/se esemane )
 * ...English-language magazines. : ( )
 * ...an English-language newspaper. : (pampiri ya dikgang ya sekgoa )
 * ...an English-English dictionary. : ( )

Driving

 * I want to rent a car. : (ke batla go adimisa koloi )
 * Can I get insurance? : ( )
 * stop (on a street sign) : (ema )
 * one way : (tsela ele nngwe )
 * yield : ( )
 * no parking : ( )
 * speed limit : (selekanyetso sa lobelo )
 * gas (petrol) station : ( )
 * petrol : ( )
 * diesel : ( )

Authority

 * I haven't done anything wrong. : (ga ke a dira sepe se se molato )
 * It was a misunderstanding. : (e ne e le tlhoka kutlwisisanyo )
 * Where are you taking me? : (o nkisa kae? )
 * Am I under arrest? : (a ke tsena mo kgolegelong? )
 * I am an American/Australian/British/Canadian citizen. : (ke moagedi wa ko america/australia/britis/canadian )
 * I want to talk to the American/Australian/British/Canadian embassy/consulate. : ( )
 * I want to talk to a lawyer. : (ke  batla go bua le mmueledi )
 * Can I just pay a fine now? : (a ke ka duela madi a molato jaanong?)

Learning more
Setswana Info wiki - A Tswana reference for residents of Botswana

title: Tswana phrasebook


text:
Tuam

Tuam is a town in County Galway, whose religious heritage (such as the ornamental High Cross) is the main reason to visit. Tuam means tumulus or burial mound and there was a Bronze Age settlement here, but it was from the 6th century that the town grew as an ecclesiastical centre under St Jarlath. It was effectively the capital of Ireland in the 12th century, when the High King Rory O’Connor resided here. Tuam lies 32 km north of Galway city, and had a population of 9600 in 2022.

Get in
By car from Dublin follow M6 west to Athenry then M17 north, which ends outside Tuam. N17 forms the town bypass and continues north to Sligo.

Expressway Bus 64 runs every couple of hours from Galway to Tuam (40 min) and continues north to Knock town and airport, Sligo, Donegal Town, Letterkenny and Derry.

Expressway Bus 52 runs six times a day from Galway to Tuam, and on north to Castlebar, Foxford and Ballina in Mayo.

Other buses are mostly designed for commuters, with just one run into Galway in the morning and one return trip in the evening.

Athenry is the nearest railway station: trains between Dublin Heuston and Galway stop there, but there's no onward public transport to Tuam.

Get around
The town is compact and walkable, but to reach the outlying sights you need wheels, preferably better than the Saint's.

See

 * on High St is where the town story begins and the journey of St Jarlath (Iarlaithe mac Loga) ended. He lived in Connacht circa 450-540 AD and may be the same Iarlaithe who was Bishop of Armagh, though that fellow died in 481 AD. One of his students, St Brendan of Clonfert, told him (circa 520) to set off in a new chariot, and wherever it broke would be the place of his resurrection. This sounds like telling a senior member of the faculty that he's actually been dead this last 40 years and even the undergraduates are beginning to notice - high time he retired. And if the chariot was sold as new, it was a dud, because Jarlath got all of 3 km from Cloonfush to Tuam before the wheelshaft broke. So here he founded a monastery, and the town grew up around it, taking a broken chariot wheel as its symbol. A ruined 13th century church now stands on this spot, similarly broken.
 * is the modern marker for the "wonderful castle" built in 1164 by Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair (Rory O'Connor), the last native High King of Ireland, and which is more romantically known nowadays as O'Tooles Car Park. Nothing else to see except asphalt and white lines, maybe a couple of antique traffic cones. The king retired to Cong Abbey and when he left, Tuam lost much of its importance.
 * are pleasant parkland north side of town.
 * is the place where St Jarlath is supposed to have taught, before setting out on the journey that deposited him in Tuam. The graveyard has the fragmentary remains of an abbey, and a mass is held here on his feast day, 6 June. Cloonfush is at the dead-end of a lane into a semi-circle of land bounded by the River Clare, a bog that was cut for peat. Not until the 21st century did the place get a piped water supply instead of pumping from the bog.
 * or Knockma is a wooded hill 8 km southwest of Tuam with pleasant strolls and views. The turret stump on its north edge is 13th-century Castle Hackett (Caisleán an Haicéadaigh). It was abandoned in the 18th century and the landowners built a new Castle Hackett 1 km north. That was torched in 1923 during the Civil War but rebuilt and is now an upmarket hotel and yoga centre.
 * is a ruined Cistercian abbey founded in 1190 by King Cathal O'Connor, who is buried here. It's in the fields midway between Tuam and Athenry.
 * Ross Errily Friary is a substantial ruin near Headford on the boundary with County Mayo, see Cong.
 * is a ruined Cistercian abbey founded in 1190 by King Cathal O'Connor, who is buried here. It's in the fields midway between Tuam and Athenry.
 * Ross Errily Friary is a substantial ruin near Headford on the boundary with County Mayo, see Cong.

Do

 * is 2 km south of town on Athenry Rd. It's a parkland course of 6138 m (blue tees), par 72. Green fees (M-F) are €25, with Wednesday open day €15 (Apr-Oct)

 * Fishing: Tuam is a 30-min drive from Lough Mask and Lough Corrib, both with excellent fresh water fishing.

 * Walking: local scenic walks include Cnoc Meadha (Knockma) described above, and the river walk at Milltown, 10 km north on N17.

 * Watch Gaelic football at . They're one of the top GAA clubs, winning the senior club championship three times in a row 2018 to 2020; yet such is Gaelic sports' resolutely amateur, local focus that few outside Ireland have ever heard of them. The stadium is 6 km south of Tuam off N83; you can't access from M17.

Buy

 * Aldi and Lidl are edge of town along Galway Rd. Stores in town are Tesco and Supervalu.

Drink

 * A slew of pubs near the main crossroads includes The Brogue, Man of Aran, Junie's and Cellar Bar.

Connect
There's a good mobile and 4G signal from all Irish carriers. As of Oct 2020, 5G has not yet reached Tuam.

Go next

 * South is lively Galway, and further south is the spare karstic scenery of The Burren.
 * West pass through Cong, film location for The Quiet Man, to reach the Connemara coast around Letterfrack and Clifden.
 * North takes you into Castlebar and wild lonely County Mayo.

title: Tuam


text:
Tuamotu Islands

The Tuamotu Islands are a vast archipelago of several island groups in French Polynesia.

King George Islands

 * Manihi — a ring shaped atoll that forms a lagoon perfect for scuba diving and black pearl farming. With only 400 local inhabitants working at either the pearl farms or the single resort, this destination is truly at the edge of the world.
 * Undeveloped — Ahe (100 people), Takapoto (440 residents), Takaroa (1,000 residents)
 * Uninhabited — Tikei.

Palliser Islands

 * Fakarava — also great for diving. It has 2 passes, the north Garuae pass and the south Tumakohua pass. They are quite far away from each other, but local dive operators will take you to both. Sharks are aplenty in the south pass of Fakarava!
 * Rangiroa — one of the largest atolls in the world, and the most populous island in the Tuamotus. Very popular with SCUBA enthusiast and those looking to get away from civilization.
 * Tikehau — one resort, plus great diving and birding.
 * Undeveloped — Apataki (400 residents), Arutua (1,750 residents), Kaukura (500 residents), Mataiva (200 residents), Niau (100 residents), Toau (40 residents).
 * Uninhabited — Makatea (one ghost town and a visit from Harrison Ford in Six Days Seven Nights).

Raeffsky Islands

 * Undeveloped — Anaa (400 residents), Aratika (250 residents), Faaite (250 residents), Katiu (250 residents), Kauehi (670 residents), Makemo (900 residents), Nihiru (25 residents), Raroia (150 residents), Taenga (Mormon community of 75 residents), Takume, (100 residents).
 * Uninhabited — Haraiki, Hiti, Marutea Nord, Motutunga, Raraka, Tahanea, Taiaro (private), Tepoto Sud, Tuanake,

Disappointment Islands

 * Undeveloped — Napuka (250 residents), Puka-Puka (100 residents), Tepoto Nord (50 residents).

Duke of Gloucester Islands

 * Undeveloped — Hereheretue (50 residents), Nukutepipi (2 residents).
 * Uninhabited — Anuanuraro, Anuanurunga.

Far East Tuamotu Group

 * Akiaki
 * Fakahina
 * Fangatau
 * Fangataufa
 * Moruroa
 * Nukutavake
 * Pinaki
 * Pukarua
 * Reao
 * Tatakoto
 * Tematangi
 * Tureia
 * Vahitahi
 * Vairaatea
 * Vanavana

Hao Group

 * Ahunui
 * Amanu
 * Hao (French Polynesia)
 * Manuhangi
 * Nengonengo
 * Paraoa
 * Rekareka (Tehuata)
 * Tauere

Hikueru Group

 * Hikueru
 * Marokau
 * Ravahere
 * Reitoru
 * Tekokota

Understand
The Tuamotu Islands are the largest chain of atolls in the world. All of the islands are low lying atolls, built on coral reefs. The most important source of cash income in the Tuamotu Islands is black pearl cultivation.

Get in
Totegegie Airport, Hao airport.

A number of container and/or passenger vessels travel regularly to the Tuamotu islands from other ports in French Polynesia. These may be an option if you have the time and money, as travelling on these vessels is far more expensive than flying. See the Tahiti Tourism website for more information.

Get around
Tureia airport.

See

 * Black pearl farms

Do
Scuba diving is a popular activity in these islands.

title: Tuamotu Islands


text:
Tuan Chau Island

Tuan Chau Island is well known for its entertainment and recreation activities.

Understand
A huge modern entertainment complex which can seat up to 2,000 people holds dolphin and seal shows, a high tech water fountain with music, laser lighting and film showing on the water screen and an interesting crocodile show. There is parking available while taxis are seen outside the entrance of the island.

A newly built jetty that offers cruises to Halong Bay is lined with a 4km man-made beach occupied with local cafes and restaurants, a large building with ferry and cruise counters, a modern karaoke club and disco making this island a destination for locals and also foreign travelers. There is also a luxury Halong Bay Cruise company operating from here and prices are around US$200 and above per person.

There are a number of two to three star resorts available here which one of them is the Holiday Villa Tuan Chau. The resort has breathtaking views of Halong Bay. However, Tuan Chau Island is quite a distance to Halong City and you may need a taxi or bus to get there.

The island is known to be owned by a wealthy Vietnamese family according to staff and workers on the island. It was designed to be the premier location for exclusive living with high end bungalows and world class resorts. The Miss Universe 2008 and Miss Vietnam 2010 Beauty Pageant was also held here on Tuan Chau Island.

Get in
From the main road just before you reach Halong city, you will see a modern archway which serves as the main entrance to Tuan Chau Island. The drive in will take about 5 minutes over a man-made reclaimed road.

By seaplane
There is another way to reach Tuan Chau Island from Hanoi - a direct flight by seaplane of Hai Au Aviation. You can also pay to extend the flight by 15 minutes in order to view karst formations and nearby villages.

title: Tuan Chau Island


text:
Tuapse

Tuapse is a city in Krasnodar Krai.

Understand
An important Russian port at the Black Sea and the closest neighbour town bordering Greater Sochi, Tuapse is mostly industrial and transport hub, attracting fewer number of tourists, than other Russian Black Sea coastal locations. But anyway, Tuapse is good for a single-day visit or an entire month.

Get in
Any elektrichka or long-distance train from Sochi stops in Tuapse, the frequent bus/marshrutka connection is also available. Expect 2 - 2,5 hours for one-way trip from Central Sochi.

Get around
Train

Bus

Taxi

Walk

See
There are several very scenic cliffs around, the top of those is Kiselev's Rock, a 46-meter upright cliff breaking down into the sea.

Ancient cultural remains, such as table-stones, are also found around Tuapse.

Dolmen megaliths near Tuapse.

Museums

City Park

Fountain

Orphanage

Platanovaya Alley

Beaches

Lenin statue

Tuapse Embankment

Eat
Pizza with carrots

title: Tuapse


text:
Tuba City

Tuba City is a town of 9,700 people (2015) in Northern Arizona. Tuba City is the largest settlement on the Arizona side of the Navajo Nation. There is little to detain the traveler, but it makes a good refueling stop on the way from Monument Valley to the Grand Canyon.

Get in
Tuba City is on U.S. Route 160, about 100 miles north of Flagstaff.

See

 * See some of the most well preserved dinosaur tracks going west on your way out of Tuba City.
 * See some of the most well preserved dinosaur tracks going west on your way out of Tuba City.

Drink
As Tuba is located within the reservation, it's a dry town, with no alcohol available.

Go next

 * Grand Canyon – 50 mi to the west.
 * Monument Valley – 100 mi to the northeast.

title: Tuba City


text:
Tubarão

Tubarão is a city in Santa Catarina.

Go next

 * Criciúma

title: Tubarão


text:
Tuckahoe

Tuckahoe is a village in Westchester County, New York and a small suburb of New York City.

By plane

 * Westchester County Airport, 240 Airport Road, White Plains (New York), +1 914-995-4860 (airlines). The closest airport, about 30 minutes drive. Rental cars are available.
 * Stewart International Airport, 1180 First St, New Windsor, +1 845-564-2100. Another alternative to the congestion of the 3 major airports. Allegiant Air, American Eagle, and JetBlue	operate flights from Florida and Philadelphia (Mar 2021).
 * Newark Liberty International Airport, Newark, New Jersey, John F. Kennedy International Airport, and LaGuardia Airport: The three major international airports in the New York City area offer service to just about anywhere. Westchester-based taxi and livery cars offer regular service to and from the three internationals from most areas of the county. New York City yellow cabs will take to you Westchester in a pinch, but the fares can be exorbitant. If staying in Westchester, ask if your hotel offers shuttle service.

Get around
Tuckahoe's two train stations are, on Depot Square, and , in the northern portion of the village bordering the Crestwood area of both Tuckahoe and Yonkers. Both stations are served by Metro-North's Harlem Line. However, Westchester's bus system, the also serves Tuckahoe. However, owing to the small size of the village, you can pretty much walk anywhere.

See

 * You can also see from Parkway Oval Park.
 * You can also see from Parkway Oval Park.

Do
The trolley stops at places like: But there's also...
 * Country Market
 * Stop & Shop
 * Crestwood Train Station
 * Country Market
 * Stop & Shop
 * Crestwood Train Station
 * Crestwood Train Station
 * Crestwood Train Station
 * Crestwood Train Station
 * Winter fest, celebrated in Depot Square in Tuckahoe in front of The Generoso Pope Foundation building. Winter fest consists of live music, local food vendors and a small ice-skating rink made special for the occasion right in Village Square. The firework show on the fourth of July is also amazing.

title: Tuckahoe


text:
Tucker

There is more than one place called Tucker:

United States of America

 * Tucker (Alabama) - A town in Alabama.
 * Tucker (Arkansas) - A town in Arkansas.
 * Tucker (Georgia) - A town in Georgia.
 * Tucker (Missouri) - A town in Missouri.
 * Tucker (Mississippi) - A town in Mississippi.
 * Tucker (Oklahoma) - A town in Oklahoma.
 * Tucker (Texas) - A town in Texas.
 * Tucker (Arizona) - A town in Arizona.
 * Tucker (Utah) - A town in Utah.
 * Tucker (Montana) - A town in Montana.

title: Tucker


text:
Tucson

Tucson (TOO-sawn), also known as the "Old Pueblo", is the second-largest city in the state of Arizona and the county seat of Pima County in the Sonoran Desert. It is at a higher elevation than nearby Phoenix and is correspondingly cooler. Although with half a million residents it is smaller than the capital city, its cultural life is just as vibrant.

Understand
Tucson has always been a crossroads. Water was, until the onset of a severe drought in the late 1990s, relatively plentiful in Tucson, in spite of its location in the middle of a desert. This made it an important travel route, an agricultural center, and a communications nexus.

Tucson's history is ancient, with evidence of human occupation stretching back 10,000 years. Between 200 CE and 1450 ACE, the Hohokam culture dominated the area – the Pima and Tohono O'Odham peoples that still occupy the area are descendants of the Hohokam. In 1699, Father Eusebio Kino, S.J., established the Mission San Xavier del Bac, southwest of present-day Tucson. Over the next 100 years, other missions were established in the area, but European presence was minimal.

It wasn't until 1775 that the Presidio of Tucson was created by Don Hugo O'Connor. At that time, it was the northernmost Spanish outpost in the New World. In 1821, Tucson became part of the new country of Mexico, and in 1853 it became part of the United States as a result of the Gadsden Purchase. In 1863, Arizona became a US territory, and by 1880, its population was around 8,000. In 1912, Arizona became the 48th state to enter the union.

Tucson is still a crossroads, with European, Native American, Mexican, and Asian cultures bumping into one another, in sometimes conflicting and sometimes compatible – but always interesting – ways.

Climate
Tucson has a hot desert climate with a long, hot summer and a mild winter. Fall and spring tend to be sunny and dry. If you're familiar with Phoenix weather, Tucson is slightly cooler and slightly wetter due to elevation and surrounding mountain ranges.

Summer has daytime high temperatures between 98 and 102 °F (37 and 39 °C) and low temperatures between 71 and 77 °F (22 and 25 °C). Early summer is dry: low humidity and clear skies. By mid-summer the monsoons start, bringing higher humidity, cloudy skies, and frequent thunderstorms. The monsoon season officially starts on June 15, but the actual arrival of storms varies from year to year. Storms usually are scattered, with intense rainfall, thunder and lightning in one part of town, and completely storm-free elsewhere, then changing in a few hours. Flash floods are possible. Large areas of the city do not have storm sewers (the street becomes the storm sewer), flooding main thoroughfares. A few underpasses have "feet of water" scales to discourage motorists from driving through in a rainstorm. (See "Stay safe" section for more information).

Winter in Tucson is mild compared to other parts of the U.S. Average daytime highs range between 65 and 70 °F (18 and 21 °C) and lows between 40 and 44 °F (4 and 7 °C). Tucson typically averages three hard freezes per winter season, with temperatures dipping to the mid or low-20s (−7 to −4 °C), but this is typically limited to only a very few nights. Snow is rare but occasionally falls at the lower elevations at the city street level, and is quite common up in the Santa Catalina Mountains.

The sun is intense in Tucson year-round. Those who spend time outdoors need sun protection. And in the summer months, heat stroke is a serious concern for those spending their time outdoors.

By plane

 * Concourse A: Southwest, Sun Country, United.
 * Concourse B: American Airlines/American Eagle, Alaska Airlines, Delta/Delta Connection.
 * Concourse B: American Airlines/American Eagle, Alaska Airlines, Delta/Delta Connection.

The airport is on the far southern end of the city. A taxi to central Tucson (University of Arizona area) will run about $25-30 and take 25 minutes. Bus services (Rt #11 and 25) to and from the airport is significantly cheaper but will take at least 60 minutes to/from downtown Tucson. Some people fly into Phoenix Sky Harbor (PHX) and then take a shuttle or rent a car and drive to Tucson (about 2 hours). American Eagle operate 1hr flights between Phoenix and Tucson. Free Wi-Fi is available throughout the airport.

By train
Arriving by train to Tucson is possible as the city is served by Amtrak via its triweekly Sunset Limited train between New Orleans and Los Angeles. This train also conveys Texas Eagle carriages, offering a direct route to and from Chicago. Eastbound trains arrive around 7:30AM while westbound ones arrive early evening. Notice however that delays are quite common.

By car

 * I-10.svg Interstate 10 (I-10) is an east-west cross-continental route, coming from southern New Mexico to the east and from Phoenix from the northwest. While I-10 is an east-west route, it runs northwest-southeast between Tucson and Phoenix, then from Phoenix runs west towards California.
 * I-19.svg Interstate 19 (I-19) is an intra-state route running south from Tucson, connecting it with Nogales, on the border US-Mexico with Nogales, Sonora, Mexico.

 * Arizona 77.svg & US_80_(AZ_historic).svg N Oracle Rd (AZ 77) is a north-south route, the south end starting in Tucson going north through Oracle and Globe, then concurrent with US 60 from Globe to Show Low, then to Holbrook and I-40. AZ 77 and 79 replaced this section of the (Historic) US 80 after US Route 80 was decommissioned west of Dallas, Texas. The Historic US 80 ran along the present day AZ 77 to Oracle Junction (north of Tucson) where it follows AZ 79 through Florence, to US 60 in Queen Creek.
 * Arizona 86.svg W Ajo Way/State Route (SR) 86 (AZ 86) runs east-west through southern Arizona, it's east end starting in Tucson, passing near Kitt Peak Observatory, through the Tohono O'odham Nation, and ending in the little town of Why at the junction with AZ 85, just north of Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument.

By bus
There are multiple long distance bus lines and van shuttles serving Tucson from Los Angeles, Las Vegas, El Paso, Phoenix, Douglas, Yuma & Nogales in the U.S. and from Nogales, Hermosillo, Puerto Peñasco, Agua Prieta and Culiacán in Mexico. Each company has a stop for their own bus station in different parts of town that are far from each other.

By car
I-10 and I-19 are the only freeways in Tucson, which has far fewer miles of freeway than other U.S. cities of its size. Since I-10 and I-19 mostly skirt the west and south sides, all east-west traffic and all east-side traffic is on surface streets.

Surface street travel can be slow during the workday, and even slower during rainstorms. Many older streets become completely flooded as they are the original "U-shape" where the entire street width is for rain drainage, instead of the modern typical street pitching down towards curbs. And several main surface streets have "reversible lanes", also dubbed "suicide lanes", where the center turn lane becomes an additional through traffic lane for peak hours. Watch the lane signals for proper usage, or you'll likely find yourself staring at the grill of another vehicle. Traffic direction typically alternates between morning and afternoon.

By bicycle
Tucson is a bike-friendly community, and has an extensive system of bike routes and paths (but is something you don't want to do in the summer unless you are experienced riding in very hot, dry weather).

In late 2017 the city launched Tugo Bike Share, a new public bike-sharing program, with 330 bicycles and 36 rental station scattered around the university district and downtown. Passes are available for one day ($8), one month ($18), or one year ($80), and allow unlimited use of the bikes for 30-minute intervals. Passes can be purchased at docking stations with a credit card, online with a credit or debit card, or with cash at any 7-Eleven, CVS, or Family Dollar stores (requires prior online registration). Bicycle stations with available bikes and docks can be found online or via the smartphone Cyclefinder app (iOS and Android).

By taxi
It is notoriously difficult to get around in Tucson by taxi, as you must usually reserve a cab hours in advance and contend with drivers who are often late, if they show up at all. As an alternative, ride-hailing services Uber and Lyft now both operate in Tucson, and are a decent alternative if you can't get a regular cab within a reasonable time frame.

Museums and galleries

Talk
Tucson is a very diverse city. English is the most widely spoken language. Many people in the south side are bilingual in English and Spanish.

Eat
As you can guess, Tucson is a veritable hub of Southwestern and Mexican cuisine. But Tucson is an adventurous town (easily the most liberal metropolitan area in Arizona) and as a result of its diversity, has a vibrant culinary culture.

One noteworthy concoction unique to Tucson, Phoenix, and southern Arizona is the Sonoran hot dog. First developed in Hermosillo, Sonora, it consists of a traditional hot dog wrapped with bacon and then grilled. It is served in a bolillo (a Mexican roll) with pinto beans, onions, and tomatoes, and topped with mayonnaise, mustard, and jalapeños. The hot dog is traditionally sold from street carts, but several of the longer-established vendors now have sit-down restaurants, with branches scattered around Tucson.

Budget

Drink
Tucson has an active wine community, with many retailers, restaurants and wine bars regularly offering scheduled wine tasting events. Cochise County, southeast of Tucson has many wineries, some of which welcome visitors.

The majority of Tucson's nightlife for young and old is in three small areas of the town near the University of Arizona, all within walking distance to each other. The three are: 4th Avenue, University, and Downtown. Tucson nightlife tends to start later than nightlife in other areas of Arizona, such as Phoenix or Scottsdale. Expect bars and clubs to be sparsely populated until approx 10-10:30PM on an average weekend night.

4th Avenue stretches from University ave in the north to downtown Tucson in the south (only about ½ mile long). This stretch of 4th Avenue is the main nightlife strip of Tucson and filled with bars and restaurants of all varieties on each side of the street.

The downtown Tucson area just south of 4th Avenue tends caters to a nicer and wealthier crowd and is home to many of Tucson's higher class restaurants and cocktail bars, as well as the famous Club Congress.

The University Ave area of Tucson starts on University/Euclid on the west and runs several blocks until it ends into the school. It is approximately a 10-minute walk along University Avenue from the 4th Avenue area. Like 4th Avenue, University contains a strip of bars, stores, and restaurants that cater to a variety of tastes and ages (not just college kids).

Budget
Some motels on West Miracle Mile Road and south of 3000th block of North Oracle Road tend to be cheaper, run-down motels. Good deals can be found, but one probably wouldn't want to take one's family to these. This area is a legacy of the pre-freeway auto courts, 1937 to 1965, called Miracle Mile. A number of the old motor lodges remain. If you need a room for $25 this is the place to start looking.

Stay safe

 * If you go walking in the desert parks, or on your own, learn desert-safety tips. Take water, always let someone know where you are going and when you expect to get back, and if you have a cell phone, take it with you and have it on. It's disturbingly easy to get lost in the desert. Also, watch for snakes and bugs, as a few are dangerous to your health. When hiking, for example, rattlesnakes are easy to come across. When putting your slippers on in the morning, scorpions can be an unpleasant surprise.
 * Midtown (specifically the section along Alvernon Road between Grant and Ft. Lowell) and the south section of the city (in the general area between I-10, I-19, and Valencia) are not the safest places to be – but there are no real attractions in these areas anyway. Downtown is heavily occupied until 2AM when the bars close. If you are downtown after 2AM, be cautious. While murder rates are fairly low, they are violent and sometimes random. There is gang activity but for the most part it is directed against rival gangs. There are many homeless people downtown. The center city is heavily populated by the "young and restless", so it may seem a spooky to more conservative travelers due to the dirt and noise the youngsters create.
 * Tucson has one of the highest rates of vehicle theft in the USA, and there are a few locations in the city you're more likely to have your car/truck stolen at than at any other place in the town, such as the on 1650 W Valencia Rd and the . Higher vehicle theft rates are due in part to larger pickings of a metro area and in part to the proximity to Mexico, where vehicles can be across the border often before the owners know they are missing.
 * Parking and towing enforcement ramps up in the University campus area, especially during weekends of home football games.
 * During the monsoon season (usually in the months of July - September), Tucson does experience flash flooding. Under no circumstances should you attempt to drive across a flooded road that is barricaded. If your vehicle becomes stranded in your attempt to cross the barricaded road: you will be issued a traffic citation by the police under the 1995 "stupid motorist law" (Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 28-910), fined in the amount of $2000, and ordered to pay for all rescue costs (usually $1500 or more – and that doesn't include the towing expense either). Also, if you knowingly drive a vehicle into a flooded road that is barricaded with a child under the age of 16, you may also be charged with a class-1 misdemeanor charge of child endangerment (Arizona Revised Statutes (ARS) § 13-3619 - per each child in the car) in addition to the previously mentioned penalties if your car becomes stranded.

Stay healthy

 * Newcomers to the southwest often hear about a lung infection called Valley Fever (a fungal disease – the proper medical name is coccidioidomycosis). Although it's rare to contract this disease, it should be taken seriously as it is difficult for most doctors to accurately identify it (a blood test called a coccidioidal must be done to accurately diagnose this illness), and it takes weeks for the symptoms to fully develop for an experienced doctor to recognize them. Exposure to very dusty conditions (ATV riding in the desert, construction, getting caught in a sudden dust storm) increases the opportunity to become infected. It is recommended to wear a face mask if you intend to be exposed to dusty conditions, and strongly recommended if you have a lung disease or temporarily suffering from pneumonia. There is no cure for this disease, only long term treatment. For acute symptoms patients may be prescribed an antifungal drug such as fluconazole.
 * Take precautions for sunburn and heat stroke. This cannot be emphasized enough if you plan to make a trek in the desert mountains. It's easy to sunburn and windburn out in the desert, and the UV rays are very strong. It is recommended to use sunscreen with at least a UV protection rating of 30 or higher. Be mindful of the extreme heat when hiking in the mountains during the summer months to avoid suffering from heat exhaustion or possibly dying from heat stroke.
 * Mosquitoes can be bad after a monsoon (usually in the months of July - September), so consider wearing mosquito repellent with a high concentration of DEET to reduce the risk of acquiring diseases typically transmitted by these annoying insects.
 * Care should be taken when you decide to ride a motorcycle or ATV in the desert, so you don't get injured by running into or brushing against the "jumping cholla" cacti. Wearing thick protective clothing, helmets, and gloves while riding are an absolute must. These are very prickly cacti with stems that detach with little or no effort, also the cacti spines are very painful to remove from your skin once contact is made.

Connect
For visitor information about events and activities taking place in Tucson, check out the city of Tucson's on-line directory.

There are surprisingly many locations within the city of Tucson that are free Wi-Fi hotspots, so free Internet access shouldn't be viewed as a problem. Most of the hotspots are in coffee shops (such as the Bruegger's Bagel locations), the local book store (Bookman's), and the local libraries (no library membership required) throughout the city.

Cope
For all emergencies you may dial 9-1-1 from any cell (active or inactive cell phone) or land line phone free-of-charge. If using a cell phone be sure to inform the operator of your exact location, as it takes extra time for the operator to attempt to triangulate your location – time is of the essence in emergency situations. When calling 911 for assistance be as calm as possible, and do not panic or use profanity over the phone, as the operator on the phone might consider the call as a prank.

For non-emergencies dial the police department at +1 520-791-4444 between 8AM and 10PM (after 10PM, you may dial 9-1-1 for all issues).

Consulates
The nearest cities for additional foreign consulates for the west coast are in Los Angeles and San Francisco:
 * 🇨🇷 Costa Rica
 * 🇸🇻 El Salvador
 * 🇬🇹 Guatemala
 * 🇲🇽 Mexico

News

 * Arizona Daily Star is Tucson's largest daily newspaper.
 * Tucson Weekly lists weekly cultural events and has good restaurant reviews.

Go next

 * Nearby Tucson is Saguaro National Park, the most dense forest of the iconic cactus of the American West. The park has two unconnected units to the east and west of Tucson.
 * For cooler weather, you can make a day trip from Tucson up into the Santa Catalina Mountains and Mt. Lemmon (elevation over, with snow in the winter). The mountains offer a number of hiking trails for all skill levels, as well as opportunities for horse riding, mountain biking, camping, and even downhill skiing.
 * Further afield is Phoenix to the north, if you want "more city" than Tucson, which can be done as a day trip from Tucson, or you can move your base of operations from Tucson to Phoenix.
 * For more cooler weather, further north from Phoenix along I-17 is Sedona, Flagstaff and Grand Canyon National Park. These destinations are a bit of a stretch as day trips from Tucson.
 * Heading south is Nogales, with named cities on both sides of the US-Mexico border – Nogales (Arizona) and Nogales (Sonora).
 * Southeast is Bisbee, which makes for a pleasant day trip. The Copper Queen has great food and historic accommodation.
 * Along the way to Bisbee is Tombstone – visit the famous old west boom town to see "haunted" theaters, graves of famous outlaws, and reenactments of the famous O.K. Corral shootout. For more serious Old West history, be sure to visit the Cochise County Courthouse museum. A must for any trip to southern Arizona.
 * North is Oracle, via Oracle Road (Arizona State Route 77). Along the way is Biosphere 2. Higher, Cooler, wetter, greener. Has Oracle State Park. Bedroom - artist community. Interesting people. Beautiful drive. Several overnight options (from motels to dude ranches) and restaurants. Two lively bars. Wonderful vistas of the north side of the Santa Catalina Mountains and Mt. Lemmon ski slopes. Borders Catalina National Forest (hiking, etc). Access to Arizona Trail. 'Back road to Mt Lemmon' starts in Oracle. Interesting history (Buffalo Bill, Gold Mining, Dude Ranches, et al). Main drag not much to look at but lots of hidden gems. See life in an unusually rich small Arizona town.

title: Tucson