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Jakarta/East

East Jakarta (Indonesian: Jakarta Timur) is the industrial quarter of Jakarta, and the location of Taman Mini Indonesia Indah, where you can see parts of Indonesia's multi-ethnic community in one park; several golf courses; Cibubur campground; and Jakarta's second airport, Halim Perdanakusuma airport.

By plane

The much larger Soekarno-Hatta International Airport, which serves many domestic and international flights, is on the other side of the city.

By train
There are seven railway stations in East Jakarta, all served by Jakarta's commuter rail network (KA Commuter Jabodetabek). The main station in East Jakarta is Jatinegara, which serves the yellow (to Depok/Bogor) and blue (to Bekasi) commuter lines, as well as a range of economy, business, and executive class trains to destinations throughout the island of Java, including Bandung, Yogyakarta, and Surabaya. The new high-speed railway (Whoosh) from Bandung is located at Halim station, from where it's possible to change to local trains.

By bus
There are several large bus terminals in East Jakarta. serves many city bus and minibus lines, as well as DAMRI buses to and from Soekarno-Hatta International Airport. In addition, it is the point of departure for a wide range of intercity buses to cities throughout Java, as well as some destinations in Sumatra and Bali. Other bus terminals include Pulo Gadung and Rawamangun, but in 2016 the government has started to move (intercity) bus lines from these terminals to the new integrated in the east, near the border with Bekasi.

Several Transjakarta bus rapid transit lines connect East Jakarta to other parts of Jakarta. Transjakarta bus line runs from Pluit in North Jakarta via Jakarta's CBD to East Jakarta (Pinang Ranti). Lines and  run from Central Jakarta to Pulo Gadung terminal. Line connects East Jakarta to Ancol in North Jakarta, while line  runs from the Tanjung Priok port to various destinations throughout East Jakarta.

Get around

The various Transjakarta bus rapid transit lines, as mentioned above, are useful for getting around in East Jakarta, and going to the other parts of the city. Transjakarta line runs entirely within East Jakarta, and connects the Kampung Melayu neighbourhood to the Pulo Gebang bus terminal. Similarly, line connects Kampung Melayu to the Kampung Rambutan bus terminal.

LRT Jakarta serves the route from Pegangsaan Dua station to Velodrome with four stops between them.

Golf
The area hosts some of the best golf courses in Jakarta.

Eat
Most notable dining spots in East Jakarta could be found in Rawamangun district due to its nearest distance to Central (Menteng), South (Tebet, Kasablanka, Kuningan), and North Jakarta (Kelapa Gading Boulevard).

Budget
Seafood:

Traditional:

Mid-range
Traditional: Western/Others:

Coffee shops
Rawamangun district is known for its notorious food and beverage scene in East Jakarta. Coffee shops are also abundant here, although East Jakarta just starts picking up its pace to be an exciting place and the main options to hang out.

Sleep
There are few hotels are available here. Most of the district is used for residential or industrial purposes, and there are not many tourist attractions.

Cope
Emergency numbers:
 * Ambulance: 118.
 * Police: 110.
 * East Jakarta Police station: Jl. Matraman Raya No. 224, Tel.: +62 21 819 1476, +62 21 8191478.

List of hospitals with 24-hour emergency rooms (ER):

Go next

 * The city of Bekasi is just to the east, with more shopping malls.
 * Bandung is about two hours east of Jakarta, in the mountains of West Java.

title: Jakarta/East


text:
Jakarta/North

North Jakarta (Indonesian: Jakarta Utara) is one of the municipalities of the Indonesian capital, along the Java Sea coast, and the location where Jakarta began to take shape. The colonial Dutch legacy still lives on at the Old Town (Kota Tua, at the border with West Jakarta) and the Sunda Kelapa harbour. When you are done with history, find amusement at Ancol, great food at Pluit or Kelapa Gading, and vibrant shopping destination at Mangga Dua. It is also the gateway to the Thousand Islands, and the location of Indonesia's busiest port, Tanjung Priok. Almost 2 million people, many of whom are of Chinese descent, call this part of the city home.

By train
There are only three railway stations in North Jakarta, at Tanjung Priok, Ancol, and Kampung Bandan. All three of these stations are on the commuter rail network's (KA Commuter Jabodetabek) pink line, which connects to Kota station in West Jakarta. In addition, Kampung Bandan station is on the yellow line, with a direct connection to Depok and Bogor. For most long-distance trains, you will need to go to Gambir or Pasar Senen stations in Central Jakarta.

By ferry
The is not only a container port, but also has a large passenger port terminal. All ferry ships to other areas across Indonesia dock there. Ferries operated by PELNI connect Tanjung Priok to all major ports, from Sumatra to Bali, and from Kalimantan to Papua. Obviously, taking a ferry is only a good option if you have a lot of time, as it takes several days to reach most other major islands.

By bus
Transjakarta Line  takes you to the western side of town, especially Pluit, from the downtown corridor of business districts. Line from East Jakarta ends at Ancol, Line  goes right to the center of the Old City from Blok M and Sudirman, and Line  ends at Tanjung Priok from East Jakarta.

By car
The Jakarta Inner Ring Road ends at Pluit in the west and Tanjung Priok at the east. The Outer Ring Road ends at Pantai Indah Kapuk in the west. The airport tollroad has a direct connection to the western side.

By bus
Transjakarta Line is the best mode of public transportation available, taking you from the west end (Pluit) to the east end at Tanjung Priok (line ), via the most important points in the area, such as Kota (Line 1), Mangga Dua (Line 5) and Kelapa Gading.

By car
The Harbor Tollroad has a similar track to Line 12 of the BRT.

The Old City
Most attractions throughout this area of town are accessible from the Line stops of Pakin & Museum Fatahillah.

Amusement parks

 * Ferris wheel Dufan Ancol Jakarta.jpg

Cinema
Most malls have at least one cinema. For a rate of Rp50,000 you have a plush seat and a big silver screen. Other theaters, though, are willing to go beyond just watching movies. Here are some cinema that have more facilities, rather than just movie theatres.

Races

 * Jakarta ePrix is a Formula E motor-race held in Ancol semi-street circuit. The next race will be held on 3-4 June 2023.

Shopping Malls
Shopping centers are concentrated on Pluit (west side), Mangga Dua (central side) and Kelapa Gading (east side)

Kelapa Gading
Kelapa Gading is a more well developed upscale center of North Jakarta, having been built since the 1970s. It's like a town of its own with malls that have basically everything!

Mangga Dua
Mangga Dua area is evenly split between the North and Central areas so check out the respective district for sleeping and more shopping options.

Eat
A particular feature of Jakarta's North area is the dedicated districts for culinary delights. Ethnic Asian specialties can be found at Pantai Indah Kapuk for a wide range of prices while Chinese and seafood restaurants are abundant at Muara Karang on the west side. Kelapa Gading on the east side have uniquely themed dining that fits for all budgets. There are definitely too many restaurants to be listed here, you'll be spoiled with choices! Most of these areas consist of East Asian restaurants (or Chinese Indonesian) though, so if you are looking for something else, the shopping malls usually have it.

Splurge
Upper scale restaurants can usually be found at Ancol.

Desserts
Ice cream:

Pastries:

Drink
The North is where middle or high school kids tend to hang out, thus bars may not be obvious apart from signs that explicitly indicate so. The Pantai Indah Kapuk has its fair share of pubs, cafés, bobba teas, and ice cold desserts. Be sure to come early in the meal time on the weekend as this area is instantly a huge blast! Moving over to Ancol, Mangga Besar, and Mangga Dua, this is where the passionate yet shady nightlife of Jakarta is!

Coffeehouses
Like in any other parts of Jakarta, North Jakarta has tons of options for coffee-drinkers. The market of co-working spaces is also emerging so surely you won't have a hard time to find one.

Splurge
All of the hotels listed here are in the Ancol area.

Medical assistance
Hospitals with 24 hr emergency room, Unit Gawat Darurat (UGD) (ER)

Go next

 * The Thousand Islands National Park is in Jakarta bay, with boats departing from Ancol in North Jakarta.
 * If you have a lot of time, you can take a PELNI ferry from the Tanjung Priok port to all other regions of Indonesia.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Jakarta/North


text:
Jakarta/South

South Jakarta (Indonesian: Jakarta Selatan) is one of the municipalities of the Indonesian capital Jakarta, known for its upscale residential areas and shopping malls, and a part of the city's business district with tall office buildings and wide boulevards.

Understand
In the north of South Jakarta, there are huge business districts with many skyscrapers, including the Kuningan district (with many embassies), Setiabudi, and the Sudirman business district. Many parts of South Jakarta are known for upscale shopping centres and malls, restaurants, hotels, bustling nightlife and entertainment centres, such as Blok M and Kemang, with the latter being especially popular among expats and locals for its nightlife and entertainment. Pondok Indah is an upper middle class and elite's residential area, sometimes dubbed the 'Beverly Hills' of Indonesia. Also the headquarters of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations is in South Jakarta.

By car
Both the Jakarta inner ring road (Lingkar Dalam Kota) and the outer ring road (Lingkar Luar or JORR) traverse South Jakarta. South Jakarta can be reached in 30 minutes from Jakarta's Soekarno-Hatta International Airport if there is no traffic congestion. However, major traffic congestion is very common, and the trip from the airport to South Jakarta usually takes 1 to 2 hours.

By train
There are numerous railway stations in South Jakarta that are served by the commuter rail network (KA Commuter Jabodetabek). in the far northeast of South Jakarta is a hub in the commuter rail network, with blue line trains to Bekasi, and with red and yellow line trains to Depok and Bogor. These lines also provide connections to the other municipalities of Jakarta. For long-distance trains, you will need to go to Gambir or Pasar Senen stations in Central Jakarta.

Beside KA Commuter Jabodetabek, Jakarta MRT is also available with stations in Sisingamangaraja, Blok M, Blok A, Haji Nawi, Cipete Raya, Fatmawati, and Lebak Bulus.

By bus
The main intercity bus terminal in South Jakarta is in the southwest near the outer ring road. The terminal serves a lot of city buses, minibuses, and frequent intercity buses to destinations throughout Java island, and regular buses to Bali and Sumatra. Another large terminal in south Jakarta is the, but this terminal only serves buses within the city and its metropolitan area.

South Jakarta can be reached from the other parts of Jakarta also by using one of the Transjakarta bus rapid transit lines. Key lines include line from Jakarta's old town in West Jakarta via Central Jakarta to Blok M, and line  from Jakarta's city centre to Pondok Indah and the Lebak Bulus bus terminal.

Get around
The Transjakarta Line  goes along the Rasuna Said avenue and Mampang to the Ragunan Zoo. The South Jakarta portion of Line  runs from Semanggi to Cawang Train station, with an interchange to Line  at Kuningan Barat/Kuningan Timur bus stop. Line  goes to the city's western portion, passing through Gandaria, Permata Hijau, and Pondok Indah district before terminating at Lebak Bulus.

See

Do
Beneath the high-rise office buildings and elite residences, South Jakarta is a wonderful place to play.

Prof. Dr. Satrio Avenue
An idea by an Indonesian property mogul, Ciputra, is to transform this avenue into a street of shopping malls, equivalent to Singapore's Orchard Road or Shanghai's Nanjing Lu. Development of the area has been extensive, and there are already 4 malls standing in this area, all very close to each other.

Malaysian
Penang Bistro is the popular franchise of Malaysian cuisine in Jakarta. Look for them on most malls throughout Jakarta. They have 5 outlets in South Jakarta alone. The biggest one is in Pacific Place Mall, around Jakarta's SCBD.

Drink
Jalan Palatehan 1 (just to the left of Blok M busway terminal and the bus station) is regarded as Jakarta's Thai-style "entertainment district", with many bars and many girls inside looking for single men. While much quieter than in Pattaya or Nana Plaza/Soi Cowboy in Bangkok, the atmosphere in these bars (not spoiled by money-splashing tourists and more popular among local ex-pats) is more friendly, with most girls less pushy to buy them drinks or take them home. So, the place is perfectly OK to visit if your target is just to drink some beer, watch the action around (and often live music on the stage too), and talk with girls.

Besides that, other places to drink are usually bars associated with the restaurants (not the cheapest ones, however), some entertainment/shopping areas (such as Plaza Senayan or Kemang Raya), and bars/clubs in upscale hotels.

Coffee and tea shops
Due to increasing numbers of coffee (and also tea) shops opened throughout Jakarta, especially in the south region (besides Starbucks franchises), nowadays there are some of the best coffee places to hang out with your friends, family, and colleagues as well. Usually packed after work hours and on the weekends. Price ranges between as low as Rp 10,000 to Rp 60,000.

Sleep
South Jakarta is the second choice for travelers staying in Jakarta. As the case in central Jakarta, most hotels especially the splurge rates, are in line with office buildings for the convenience of business travelers. The Kemang area, as an entertainment area, also has decent selection of hotels.

Splurge
Most of the hotels within this price range are within the Kuningan area.

Cope
Emergency numbers:
 * Ambulance: 118.
 * Police: 110.
 * South Jakarta Police Station: Jalan Wijaya II, Tel.: +62 21 7206004, +62 21 7206011, +62 21 7221205.

List of hospitals with 24 hours emergency room (ER):

Go next

 * In East Jakarta, you can find the Taman Mini theme park, which is centered around the culture of Indonesia and its provinces.
 * The spacious campus of the University of Indonesia can be found just south of the city in Depok.
 * About 60 km south of Jakarta is the city of Bogor, known for its extensive botanical gardens.

title: Jakarta/South


text:
Jakarta/West

West Jakarta (Indonesian: Jakarta Barat) is part of the Old Batavia and is home to Jakarta's Chinatown, called the Glodok area. Glodok is more of electronic promenade of Jakarta, but is rich in street hawker food and Chinese restaurants, as well as old Chinese temple complexes. The area is also a shopping destination, as it is home to Mall Taman Anggrek and cheap shopping lanes at Mangga Dua. This area is also home to Jakarta's biggest nightlife entertainment and red light district, Mangga Besar.

Understand
West Jakarta is one of the five administrative cities of the Special Capital Region of Jakarta, Indonesia. It's famous for its Dutch colonial relics such as the Town Hall Building (now Jakarta History Museum in Jakarta Old Town or locals called Kota Tua). West Jakarta has also become the center area of the Chinese-Indonesian people in Jakarta and It's also where Chinatown is located.

Jalan Daan Mogot is one of the longest main roads in West Jakarta which stretches from the east to the west (border with Tangerang).

By train
There are 12 railway stations in West Jakarta. Most of them are served by one or more lines of Jakarta's commuter rail network (KA Commuter Jabodetabek). The main station is in the old town, serving the red line to Depok and Bogor, the blue line to Bekasi, and the pink line to Tanjung Priok port in North Jakarta. serves the brown line to Tangerang, the yellow line to Depok and Bogor/Nambo, as well as intercity trains to Merak.

By bus
Multiple Transjakarta bus rapid transit lines traverse this area. Line goes from the heart of Jakarta to the old town. Line goes from Pasar Baru in Central Jakarta to the Kalideres bus terminal. Line follows the Inner Ring Road from both North and South Jakarta.

The main bus terminal in West Jakarta is and the smaller one is. In addition to many city buses and minibuses, the terminal serves buses to destinations throughout Java island, as well as to Lampung and South Sumatra.

By public transport
Multiple Transjakarta bus rapid transit lines traverse the area, especially around the Old City, Harmoni and Grogol. In addition, there is a wide range of city buses and minibuses. Mikrotrans also serves main roads with multiple fixed stops and free of charge.

By online transport
Online motorbike taxis (ojek) are usually spawned around Old City, ready to pick up commuters from Jakarta Kota station and tourist from Jakarta History Museum.

Old City
The Old City is administratively divided between North Jakarta and West Jakarta. Many of the important sites are here in West Jakarta, including the central attraction, the Fatahillah square with the Jakarta History Museum next to it. Most leisure visitors to Jakarta start their sightseeing here.

Buy
A unique scene exists in West Jakarta compared to its counterparts. While malls are typical, the West features most of Jakarta's shopping strip, from street vendors to a long strip of multiple malls joined by skybridges.

Budget
The center of budget eating is mainly within the Mangga Besar area, catering to mostly Chinese tongues. It is, after all, the heart of Chinatown. Jalan Pintu Besar Selatan III runs north off JL Pancoran, it is almost universally referred to as Gang Gloria and famous for its food vendors

Mid-range
You can find most of these options in malls, although on-the-street establishments are also abound.

Cope
Emergency numbers:
 * Ambulance: 118.
 * Police: 110.
 * West Jakarta Police station: Jl. Raya Kembangan No. 2, Kebon Jeruk, Tel.: +62 21 5480303, +62 21 5482371.

List of hospitals with 24 hours emergency room (ER):

Go next

 * The old Sunda Kelapa port of Jakarta (Batavia) is nearby in North Jakarta.The old port and the Museum Bahari are an interesting 20 minute walk from Fatahillah square.
 * Tangerang, to the west, has a range of shopping malls and golf courses.

title: Jakarta/West


text:
Jalalabad

Jalalabad (Pashto: جلال آباد) is a city in eastern Afghanistan with a population of nearly 900,000 people.

Understand
Jalalabad is the capital of Nangarhar province. It is next to the Kabul and Kunar rivers, a short distance from the Khyber Pass. It is linked by an approximately highway with Kabul to the west and about the same distance with Peshawar in Pakistan to the east.

Weather in Jalalabad is very hot in summer: 45-50° C.

The city is famous for orange trees and palm trees.

Get in
Jalalabad is on the major highway that links Kabul to Pakistan. A lot of trucks use this route to supply Kabul with food and other products. The main highway was reconstructed in 2006, which is the busiest in Afghanistan. A bus service between Jalalabad and Peshawar is available everyday.

It is theoretically possible to get to Jalalabad from Kabul in 1 hour 45 minutes. Many Afghans lose their lives trying this, as many traffic accidents occur on the highway between Jalalabad and Kabul, making it one of the most dangerous in the world.

The Jalalabad Airport was built for dual-use, civilian and military. It is designed to serve the population of Nangarhar Province and neighboring provinces for domestic flights. The airport is used by NATO-led forces.

See

With plenty of greenery and water, Jalalabad is considered one of the most beautiful cities of Afghanistan. About 15 km from Jalalabad, a new city called Ghazi Amanullah Khan City is under development. Named after King Amanullah Khan, it is said to be the first, the biggest and the most modern city in the history of Afghanistan.

Jalalabad is considered the capital of Afghan cricket, with many of the national players coming from the surrounding areas. Construction has begun near the city on one of Afghanistan's cricket stadium. It is hoped that this ground will serve the domestic competition and attract international teams.

 * A large reservoir near Sarobi, located on the way to Kabul.
 * Hada Museum south of Jalalabad contains exhibits related to pre-Islam period.
 * Palace (Shahi Qasar) - the winter palace of the former king Zahir Shah
 * Sherzai Cricket Stadium (under construction)
 * Youth Park Zwanano Park
 * Bridge See the main historical bridge, the only connection to other three provinces
 * Darwanta Dam - famous for fresh fish and green environment with fresh air, its park for women and youth, hotels, restaurants and all type of dishes
 * Ghazi Amanullah Khan City

Mausoleums
 * Nangarhar University
 * Ameer Shaheed Garden.
 * Nangarhar University
 * Ameer Shaheed Garden.
 * Ameer Shaheed Garden.

Do

 * Go for fishing along river side.
 * Go swimming.

Buy

 * Handicrafts - including clothes, carpets and cotton-made gifts.
 * Mangee - many types of ceramics, such as tableware and decorative items
 * Pakool - Waskat - traditional Afghan clothing, normally including a special hot and warm hat and special black jacket

Money

 * Afghanistan International Bank (AIB) has a branch in Jalalabad.
 * New Kabul Bank has a branch in Jalalabad.
 * Azizi Bank has a branch in Jalalabad.
 * Afghanistan National Bank has a branch in Jalalabad.
 * Western Union has several offices in Jalalabad.

Eat

 * Go for special "Pakoras" on Hindu Street.
 * Cheese, Paneer, is the main product of Jalalabad and the surrounding areas. It is famous over all Afghanistan.
 * The many olive gardens in Jalalabad supply the markets with high-quality olives.
 * Olive Oil - mostly used in common dishes. Jalalabad is famous for its high-quality olive oil.

Drink

 * Juice shops in "Mokhaberat Chowk" serve tasty and fresh juices for each season

Sleep

 * The government hotel 'Spingar' is on the eastern side of the city is basic. There are other guest houses which may be better.

Stay safe
See the warning at the Afghanistan article for information on the security situation.

title: Jalalabad


text:
Jalandhar

Jalandhar is a city in Punjab, India. Jalandhar is now industrial center with leather goods and sport equipments being the big earners. This is a good place to share Punjabi people passion for foods.

Understand
Punjab's third largest city with a population of nearly one million has huge historic significance. Nearby flows the Beas River that marks the eastern-most border of Alexander the Great's conquests in 326 BCE. According to Chinese Buddhist monk Xuanzang or (Hsuan-tsang) who traveled to India between 627-643 CE, Adinapur (the current Jalalabad) was an important Buddhist center with lot of vihara (monasteries). At that time Adinapur was the capital of a powerful kingdom that encompassed a good part of southern Himachal Pardesh. But the city retains almost nothing of its past. Few archaeological relics are to the south, around Nakodar town.

Get in
Travel options from Delhi include train and road travel. Jalandhar is well connected by trains, including a Shatabdi train from Delhi to Amritsar via Jalandhar which runs twice a day with air-conditioned chair car coaches. Jammu Mail, among others, runs in the night from Delhi to Jalandhar.

Apart from trains, Jalandhar is easy accessible by buses plying from all over the North India. There are many interstate buses connecting Jalandhar to the major towns of Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Haryana, Delhi and Rajasthan.

Jalandhar is well connected to all the major cities in Punjab by Public and Private buses. There are private buses connecting Jalandhar to the towns in other states but generally they don't have the legal permits and took much time as compared to state owned buses. However, these can be comfortable as compared to state buses depending upon the bus operator. There are air conditioned buses also which generally have valid permits.

There is no airport in Jalandhar but the nearest airport is in Amritsar at a distance of 100 km (90 min). There are many airlines operating from Amritsar Airport connecting it to Europe, North America and the Middle East. However the transport system connecting the airport to Jalandhar is poor, so it is advisable to book a taxi before you arrive.

Get around

 * Rickshaw (pedicab)
 * Auto-rickshaw
 * Bus
 * City cab (taxi)

Do

 * Bowling - Prithvi's Planet

Buy
Jalandhar is India's foremost producer of sports goods. Its traditional clothes (salwar suits, sarees etc.), Punjabi jutis (slippers) and jewels are also very famous. There are lot of local jewellers for non-branded jewellery at Phoolan Waala Chowk while branded jewellery are located at Model Town market

Eat
Jalandhar offers a variety of delicious authentic Punjabi food. Some of the "must-eat" dishes are:

 * Aloo ka paratha, bread stuffed with spiced mashed potatoes.
 * Channa Bhatura, chickpeas cooked in a spicy onion-tomato and served with fried Indian bread called bhatura.
 * Falooda, a cold beverage made from mixing rose syrup, vermicelli, psyllium.
 * Kulfi, frozen dairy dessert served as ice cream.
 * Lassi, refreshing drink prepared by blending yogurt with water and adding sugar and other spices.
 * Makki di roti, a flat, backed bread made from corn flour. It's accompanied with saag or sarson da saag (cooked mustard green leaves).

Go next

 * — Once capital of a princely state in British India, the city is renowned for the beauty of its palaces, mosques and gardens
 * — A village surrounded by extensive ruins. Dakhni Sarai and Mughal Bridge are also worth of a visit

title: Jalandhar


text:
Jalasjärvi

Jalasjärvi is a former municipality in Southern Ostrobothnia, in the Seinäjoki region. It merged with Kurikka in 2016.

Understand

Jalasjärvi is a Municipality of Southern Ostrobothnia and Giant kettle Pirunpesä is its main touristic attraction. The deepest earth erosion in Europe, located in the village of Ylivalli. With 14 meters wide and 23 meters deep, it is a unique eroded cavity and it is called “The Devil’s Nest”.

Get in
Jalasjärvi is 36 km south of Seinäjoki. The most convenient way is to get there by car.

Giant kettle Pirunpesä, Devil’s Nest
The signs to get to Pirunpesä from the centre are clear, but there are not so many so it is important to read and follow them carefully. The cavity is open for visits from the beginning of May until the end of August, daily from 12:00 to 20:00. In September it is open only during weekends or special occasions.

Some people believed the story that the Devil had lived in the cavity and had his nest there, that’s how the place got its name.

The evolution of the Devil’s Nest can be explained in three stages: during the Tertiary period, the Ice Age and the present time. Clearly, it took over million years to turn into the way it is now. During Tertiary the area was very dry and vulnerable for erosions. The surface of the mountain was eroded many meters forming an erosion layer. At the same time, a vertical cut was formed in the surface which was filled with eroded material. This was the first stage of the devil’s Nest.

During the Ice Age period (about 2 million years ago) there have been 4 glacial events and between them, interglacial periods that were comparable to the present climate. These glaciers overrode the area several times, removing the eroded surface layer down to the bottom. The next glaciers have influenced the cavity and left different layers of granite and between them, sand and silt were accumulated during these periods.

It was not until the end of last century when they removed all the eroded materials. It was definitely not an easy job and it took a lot of financial support to do it. Finally this hole was open to the public by 1997.

Tourist can go down the stairs and feel the adrenalin and excitement of this mysterious place which gives place to the imagination. Stairs are quite sharp so it is good to have comfortable clothes and to be ready for 10 degrees temperature down there. Of course after climbing 23 meters down it doesn’t feel bad at all.

There is a 21 meter tower with a viewpoint on the top, right next to the Devil’s Nest. Also with sharp stairs, but not so hard to climb, it is part of the experience and it has a fabulous view of the huge hole and the surroundings.

title: Jalasjärvi


text:
Jaldapara National Park

Jaldapara National Park is a national park in the Northern Plains of West Bengal, India.

History
It was declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1941 and a national park in 2012.

Landscape
Jaldapara National Park lies in the Himalayan foothills and has great natural beauty. The river Torsa flows through this rainforest sanctuary which is mostly covered with tall grasses, the sanctuary encompasses luxuriant vegetation and a rich variety of wildlife. The Malangi River also flows nearby from east to west. Riding elephants and terrain vehicle safari is the only way to move inside this forest. Elephant safari is preferred by the people staying at Jaldapara (in Holong Forest Guest House or Tourist Lodge) overnight. The terrain vehicle safari is available in the morning and in the afternoon.

Flora
The forest is mainly a savannah covered with tall elephant grasses. A particular kind of plant known as Ramgua or Ramguna tree is found in this forest. These trees have unique blood-like red sap, that comes out of their bark when cut.

Fauna
The main attraction of the park is the Asiatic one-horned rhinoceros. The national park holds the highest rhino population in India after Kaziranga National Park in Assam. The other animals found are tigers, elephants, deer, sambhar, barking deer, spotted deer, hog deer, wild pigs and bison.

Jaldapara National Park is a paradise for bird watchers. It is one of the very few places in India, where the Bengal florican is sighted. The other birds to be found here are the crested eagle, Pallas's fishing eagle and shikra, besides jungle fowl, peafowl, partridges, and lesser pied hornbill. Python, monitor lizards, krates, cobras, geckos and about 8 species of freshwater turtles have also found sanctuary here.

Climate
Warm and humid all year long. The best season to visit is from the middle of October to the end of February.

Get in
Madarihat is the entry point for the park. It is on NH 31 (Siliguri-Hasimara), 140 km east from Siliguri, 80 km north from Cooch Behar and 50 km west from Alipurduar.

By plane
The nearest airport with commercial flights is Rupsi Airport in Lower Assam. Another option is Bagdogra Airport in Siliguri, which handles daily flights from all major cities in India and twice weekly international flights to and from Paro and Bangkok.

By train
The nearest railway station is Madarihat which is 7 km from the park. All passenger trains stop here.

By bus or hired car
Jaldapara National Park is connected by road with Siliguri and other places in the Dooars. NBSTC buses, Bhutan Government buses, minibuses are available from Siliguri to Alipurduar via Madarihat. Cars can also be hired at Siliguri.

Fees and permits
Entry fees to visit the park (Hollong): ₹25/- per head for Indian Nationals. ₹50/- per light vehicle. ₹200/- per heavy vehicle. ₹5/- per still camera. ₹250/- per video camera.

See
You can see rhino, various types of deer, elephants, bison and peacocks, among other animals.

See the view from Hollong Rest House (govt.)

Eat and drink
Jaldapara family tourism and restaurant is a cheap rated lodge which is very close to the ticket counter for car & elephant safari.

However, no drinks inside the park. Bring your own to drink at your lodge.

Lodging

 * Bamboo Village Resort, Uttar Chakoakheti, ☏ 033 6607 7252 This resort has both A.C. and Non A.C. rooms and an onsite restaurant serving Bengali dishes.
 * Chilapata Homestay, Uttar Chakoakheti, ☏ +91-9903362610 This resort-cum-homestay has 18 A.C. rooms and an onsite restaurant serving Bengali and Chinese dishes. Jeep safari arranged from the resort.
 * Humro Home Chilapata, Kumai Busty, ☏ 1800-123-3759 This homestay has 2 Non A.C. rooms and food arrangements for guests. Serves local food.
 * Nalgarh Retreat Chilapata, Uttar Simlabari, ☏ +91 8013311814 This resort has both A.C. and Non A.C. rooms and food arrangement for guests.
 * Chilapata Homestay, Uttar Chakoakheti, ☏ +91-9903362610 This resort-cum-homestay has 18 A.C. rooms and an onsite restaurant serving Bengali and Chinese dishes. Jeep safari arranged from the resort.
 * Humro Home Chilapata, Kumai Busty, ☏ 1800-123-3759 This homestay has 2 Non A.C. rooms and food arrangements for guests. Serves local food.
 * Nalgarh Retreat Chilapata, Uttar Simlabari, ☏ +91 8013311814 This resort has both A.C. and Non A.C. rooms and food arrangement for guests.

Go next

 * Bhutan Ghat, 85 km from Madarihat, is a road that passes through beautiful forest and tea gardens
 * Buxa Tiger Reserve (60 km from Madarihat) — a forested area located in Buxa and Jayanti hills is a habitat for tigers, Asian elephants and other mammals plus a variety of birds, amphibians and reptiles
 * Gorumara National Park
 * Totopara, 30 km from Jaldapara, is a small village on the banks of River Torsa bordering Bhutan that is the only habitation of the Toto tribe

title: Jaldapara National Park


text:
Jaleswar

Jaleswar is a small town in the east of India.

Understand
Jaleswar is a small town in Odisha state, India. It comes under Baleshwar district.

Get in
Jaleswar is well connected through railway lines and by road with Kolkata and Bhubaneswar. Nearest Airports - Kolkata (around 200 km) and Bhubaneswar (around 275 km).

See
Chandaneshwara Shiva Temple (Around 35 km) Bhusandeshwara Shiva Temple (Around 30 km, Tallest and Largest Deity of Shiva Linga in Asia) Talseri Beach (Around 35 km) Digha Beach (around 40 km, Comes in West Bengal state) Raibania Durga (Around 12 km) Chandipur Beach (Around 68 km) Krirachora Mandir (Around 60 km) Panchulingeswar (Around 70 km)

Eat
Sweets like Chenapoda, Rasagulla, Kalajam, Steam

Sleep

 * Hotel Shikrushna (less than 500mt from Rly. Stn.)
 * Hotel Subarnarekha (1.5 km from rly stn.)

title: Jaleswar


text:
Jalgaon

Jalgaon is a major city in western India, located in Northern Maharashtra state within the region of Khandesh. It is mostly famous for its gold, bananas, cotton and industries.

Climate
Jalgaon experiences temperatures of up to 43°C. in summer and its lowest temperatures are 12°C on December mornings).

Get in
Jalgaon is well-connected to Mumbai and Pune and other major cities by road, especially highways. There are private buses daily plying between Pune and Jalgaon. Most trains between Mumbai and Kolkata going via Nagpur also stop at Jalgaon. Further, Central Railways' major hub Bhusawal is only 19 km from Jalgaon. All trains stop at Bhusawal that pass through this route. Further, Jalgaon is a branching (junction) station for going to or coming from Surat.

You can even book tickets for Jalgaon from Pune online. Indian Railways' official ticket booking site is www.irctc.co.in.

See

 * Ajanta caves (50 km south of jalgaon)
 * Ardi is small village in Amalner taluka. it is very near from taluka place hardly (12 km). in this village there is main door to the village on that door there is symbol of Ashok chakra or what we see normally on Government offices or on court. It is said that one of the good political leader from that village brought it and placed it the main door. as we know that villages are now changing very fast but this village is still remained same. though the facilities are changing but culture is still same. here we can enjoy Yatra (fair) in the month of Shravan. Local artists perform some comic Dramas.
 * Manudevi in monsoon.
 * Mehrun Udyan and Lake
 * Omkareshwar and Venkateshwara Temple
 * Patna Devi (good for trekking & forest walks)
 * Padmalaya
 * Tarsod Ganpati
 * Tarsod Ganpati

Buy
Jalgaon is famous for pure gold. There are many gold showrooms located in the city, the biggest ones being RC Bafna, RL and Mahaveer.

Eat

 * There are many roadside stalls serving local soda, ice cream and kulfis (Indian-style ice cream).
 * Bharit - Don't miss the baingan ka bharta which is called bharit in local language (Marathi). It is a spicy dish made from peculiar big light green colored brinjal (aubergine / eggplant) which is available exclusively in this region of Maharashtra. The brinjals are huge and weigh from 1-1.5 kilograms.
 * Other notable dishes in Jalgaon include Daal Batti, Mirchi bhajji and Sev bhaji.

Sleep
There are a number of affordable hotels just outside the Railway Station premises in the price range of ₹200/- (US$4.00)

Hotel Plaza on station road is good for foreign tourists

Hotel Royal Palace is also good though situated around 3 km from railway station (₹20/- by auto rikshaw)& 1 km (₹15/- by auto rikshaw)from Bus Stand

title: Jalgaon


text:
Jalisco

Jalisco, on Mexico's Pacific Coast, is one of the country's most important tourism destinations, offering many beach resorts, Mexico's second largest city, and lots of outdoor activities. Jalisco is also important as the origin of many of the characteristic traits of Mexican culture, such as mariachi, ranchera music, birria, tequila, and jaripeo.

Regions

 * — the lightly developed Pacific coastline of Jalisco, including a series of beaches, capes, and bays along a winding scenic highway, between Puerto Vallarta and Manzanillo

Cities

 * — Mexico's second largest city has a beautiful and walkable historical center
 * — a destination for retirees from the U.S. and Canada on Lake Chapala
 * — a quiet town on Lake Chapala with a mild climate
 * — known for its architecture
 * — historic town with nearby forests and natural attractions, one of Mexico's Pueblos Mágicos
 * — a busy beach resort offering beautiful beaches, lush jungles, sparkling waterfalls, five-star resorts, world-class shopping, and gourmet restaurants
 * — a busy town on the south shore of Lake Chapala with many services
 * — quaint colonial town, one of Mexico's Pueblos Mágicos
 * — known for its traditional buildings with white facades and red roofs
 * — it has several old Spanish cathedrals each with its own personality
 * — Mexico's most famous small town, where distilleries offer tours of the fabrication process and into the agave fields

Other destinations

 * - National park surrounding two volcanoes, on the border with the state of Colima

Understand
Jalisco is one of the most economically and culturally important states in Mexico, owing to its natural resources as well as its long history and culture. Many of the characteristic traits of Mexican culture, particularly outside Mexico City, originate from Jalisco, such as mariachi, ranchera music, birria, tequila, and jaripeo, hence the state's motto: "Jalisco es México" ("Jalisco is Mexico").

The state is home to two significant indigenous populations, the Huichols and the Nahuas. There is also a significant foreign population, mostly from the United States and Canada, living in the Lake Chapala and Puerto Vallarta areas.

Talk
Spanish is the main language spoken although English speakers can be found with little effort. Many locals understand a few English words but can not converse in English with you. If you do not speak Spanish, be patient as the locals will make every effort to understand you.

Get in
Both airports have many connections within Mexico and flights from the USA and Canada. Puerto Vallarta is also approached from Europe (London-Heathrow), and by charter flights charter from other airports in Europe.
 * Aeropuerto Internacional de Guadalajara Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla
 * Licenciado Gustavo Diaz Ordaz International Airport

The major highways in the state include the Guadalajara-Saltillo, Guadalajara-Nogales, Guadalajara-Tampico, Guadalajara–Barra de Navidad, Guadalajara-Colima, Guadalajara-Mexico City, Guadalajara–Ciudad Juárez, Guadalajara-Aguascalientes, Guadalajara-Tepic, Macrolibramiento Sur de Guadalajara and, Guadalajara-Lagos de Moreno.

The main bus station is the Central de Autobuses of Guadalajara which serves state, national and international destinations. Most destinations are in the west of Mexico and Mexico City.

Get around
Regional bus system runs seven days per week, fares are inexpensive (pesos only), and buses are reliable. Most stop frequently. Most bus drivers speak only Spanish but will understand if you know the name of the city you want to stop. Most first class buses are air conditioned. Look for blue bus signs on major roads. The drivers will stop for you.

Taxis are abundant in most cities, big or small. Fares can vary. It helps to settle on a fare before getting in the cab.

See
The most important tourist areas in the state are Puerto Vallarta, the Guadalajara metro area, the Costalegre and the Jalisco Highlands Regions, Lake Chapala and the Montaña Region.

The Guadalajara area's attractions are principally in the city of Guadalajara (a UNESCO World Heritage site) and Zapopan, Tlaquepaque and Tonalá. Although the area is mostly urban there are also rural zones such as the Bosque La Primavera, El Diente and Ixtepete.

One of the most famous tourism attractions of the state is the "Tequila Express" which runs from Guadalajara to the town of Tequila. This tour includes visits to tequila distilleries which often offer regional food in buffets accompanied by mariachi musicians and regional dancers. The Tequila Valley area is known for the liquor named after it, made from the blue agave plant. This valley is filled with tequila haciendas, archeological sites and modern distillation facilities. The main historical centers are the towns of Tequila, Cocula, Magdalena and Teuchitlán. The aggregate of the agave fields in this area have been named a World Heritage site by UNESCO. Beginning in the 1950s, due to the pleasant climate and attractive scenery of Lake Chapala, a substantial colony of retirees, including many from the United States and Canada, was established along its shore, particularly in the town of Ajijic, just west of the city of Chapala. An estimated 30,000 foreign residents live along the shores of Lake Chapala.

The Zonas Altos refer to the area's altitude. The area is marked by parish churches with tall towers. Religion is important in this area, with many pilgrimages, festivals, charreds. It is home to one of the most important pilgrimage sites of Mexico, that of the Virgin of San Juan de los Lagos. Religious tourism is a major economic activity, with the town of San Juan de los Lagos completely dependent on serving the nearly seven million who visit each year. The area also has old haciendas open to tourism. There is some tequila production as well although most occurs in the Valles Region.

Do
Puerto Vallarta on Banderas Bay has beaches such as Los Muertos, Conchas Chinas, Las Glorias, Mismaloya, Punta Negra and Playa de Oro with large hotels, bars, restaurants and discothèques. This bay was a haven for pirates in the 16th century, but today it is one of Mexico's favored diving destinations because of the range of marine life and an average water temperature of between 24.4 and 30.3 °C. Expert level diving is practiced at Marieta Islands at the edge of the bay. On land, one major attraction is the Puerto Vallarta's nightlife, which is a big draw for LGBT visitors. Ecotourism and extreme sports such as bungee jumping and parasailing are available.

Jalisco's coast includes other beaches such as Careyes, Melaque and Tamarindo along with Puerto Vallarta. The north part of the coast is called the Costalegre de Jalisco. The Costalegre area is classified as an ecological tourism corridor with beaches such as Melaque, Barra de Navidad, Tenacatita, Careyes, El Tecuán, Punta Perula, Chamela and El Tamarindo. All of these have five-star hotels along with bars, restaurants and discothèques.

Many coast areas offer activities such as scuba, snorkeling, kayaking, and sports fishing. Majahuas is a marine turtle sanctuary in which visitors may liberate newly hatched turtles into the sea. Puerto Vallarta is known for its nightlife along with its beaches.

Lake Chapala is popular as a weekend getaway for residents of Guadalajara. The Lake is a tourist attraction on which people sail, fish and jet ski. The Lake is surrounded by a number of towns including Chapala, Jocotepec, Ixtlahuacán de los Membrillos, Ocotlán and Tizapán el Alto. The area has been promoting ecotourism with activities such as rock climbing, rappelling, hiking, golf and tennis along with spas/water parks such as those in Chapala, Jamay, La Barca and Jocotepec. The Norte Region is the home of the Wixarika or Huichols although there are significant communities of an ethnicity called the Cora as well. The area is known for its indigenous culture as well as its rugged, isolated terrain. Major communities in the area include Bolaños and Huejúcar. There is also ecotourism in the way of rappelling, rafting and camping.

The Montaña or Mountain Region contains mountain chains such as the Sierra de Tapalpa, Sierra del Tigre and the Sierra del Halo. The main communities in this area are Tapalpa and Mazamitla. The area is filled with forests and green valleys and the state promotes ecotourism in the area with activities such as rappelling, mountain biking, parasailing and hiking. The area's gastronomy includes local sweets and dairy products.

The Sierra Region is between the Centro and coastal areas. Mountains chains in this area include the Sierra de Quila and the Sierra de Manatlán.

Eat
The best thing about Guadalajara is to try their tortas ahogadas, it is a roll or bread stuffed with "carnitas" or pork meat and bathed in a red sauce with chili. At night many people attend cendurias where they can find Mexican snacks.

Birria is an iconic element of Jalisco regional cuisine. It is a flavorful stew made with goat meat, or sometimes lamb. Modern variations can be found using pork, or even beef, though these are not in keeping with the historical basis of the dish's roots in indigenous cooking.

Drink

 * Raicilla - closely related to tequila and mezcal, raicilla is a little-known distilled spirit made in a few coastal and highland communities. The historic town of San Sebastián del Oeste offers visitors a chance to learn about the drink and taste samples
 * Raicilla - closely related to tequila and mezcal, raicilla is a little-known distilled spirit made in a few coastal and highland communities. The historic town of San Sebastián del Oeste offers visitors a chance to learn about the drink and taste samples

Go next

 * Nayarit
 * Colima
 * Michoacan

title: Jalisco


text:
Jalpaiguri

Jalpaiguri (জলপাইগুড়ি Jalpāiguṛi) is a town in the northern plains of West Bengal. The town has historical links going back to the deep past, but it really grew as an administrative centre during British rule. Earlier, Jalpaiguri had a direct broad gauge rail link with Kolkata via eastern Bengal. With the partition of India, railway links were realigned and Jalpaiguri lost some of its strategic importance to Siliguri. On the road and rail link for Assam and the North-East, Jalpaiguri is re-inventing itself as an agricultural and business centre.

By plane
Bagdogra Airport is about 48 km from Jalpaiguri town.

By bus

 * Netaji Subhash Central Bus Terminus has bus service to all places within West Bengal.
 * Kadamtala Bus Terminus- There are private and government buses operating super (1-stop) and non-stop buses to Siliguri and Kolkata.
 * Bowbazaar Bus Stop- Buses to Haldibari are available from here.
 * Bowbazaar Bus Stop- Buses to Haldibari are available from here.

By road
The main town of Jalpaiguri is just beside National Highway 31D, which connects Assam and the entire North East to the rest of India. Jalpaiguri is about 42 kilometers from Siliguri. A state highway begins at Jalpaiguri, connecting to Haldibari, near the border of Bangladesh.

Get around
You can travel by cycle-rickshaw or totos or autos or city buses, which you can get everywhere, or you can hire a taxi from taxi stands.

Eat and drink

 * Motorist Inn on Jalpaiguri-Siliguri road.
 * Street chats (puchkas, momos, jhal muri etc.) at Dinbazar.

Go next

 * Gorumara National Park
 * Siliguri

title: Jalpaiguri


text:
Jam

Jam is a village in West Afghanistan, best known for the "Minaret of Jam".

Get in
Most people who stop here do so while traversing the several day long "central route" between Herat and Kabul.

See

 * Minaret of Jam. A UNESCO World Heritage site, a 65 meter height minaret in the middle of nowhere, second only to the Qutub Minar of Delhi in size.

title: Jam


text:
Jamaica

Jamaica is an island nation in the Caribbean that attracts sunseekers for its laid-back beach culture, and music fans on the trail of Jamaica's most famous son, reggae legend Bob Marley. Tourists flock to the island's northern coast, including the communities of Montego Bay, Ocho Rios, and Port Antonio, and in Negril on the island's western tip.

Understand
With 2.8 million people, Jamaica is the third most populous Anglophone country in the Americas, after the United States and Canada. Like Canada, New Zealand and Australia, Jamaica is a Commonwealth realm (the British monarch is the head of state), but it is an independent sovereign nation.

Jamaica exports coffee, papaya, bauxite, gypsum, limestone and sugar cane.

Its motto and nickname for the country is "Out of Many, One People".

History
The Arawak and Taino indigenous people originating from South America settled on the island between 4000 and 1000 BC.

Christopher Columbus claimed Jamaica for Spain after landing there in 1494. Columbus' probable landing point was Dry Harbour, now called Discovery Bay. St. Ann's Bay was the "Saint Gloria" of Columbus who first sighted Jamaica at this point. The Spanish were forcibly evicted by the British at Ocho Rios in St. Ann and in 1655 the British took over the last Spanish fort in Jamaica. The Spanish colonists fled leaving a large number of African slaves. Rather than be re-enslaved by the English, they escaped into the hilly, mountainous regions of the island, joining those who had previously escaped from the Spanish to live with the Taínos. These runaway slaves, who became known as the Jamaican Maroons, fought the British during the 18th century. During the long years of slavery Maroons established free communities in the mountainous interior of Jamaica, maintaining their freedom and independence for generations.

During its first 200 years of British rule, Jamaica became one of the world's leading sugar-exporting, slave-dependent nations. After the abolition of the slave trade in 1807, the British imported Indian and Chinese workers as indentured servants to supplement the labour pool. Descendants of indentured servants of Indian and Chinese origin continue to reside in Jamaica.

By the beginning of the 19th century, Jamaica's heavy reliance on slavery resulted in black people outnumbering white people by a ratio of almost 20 to 1. Even though the United Kingdom had outlawed the importation of slaves, some were still smuggled into the colonies.

In the 1800s, the British established a number of botanical gardens. These included the Castleton Garden, set up in 1862 to replace the Bath Garden (created in 1779) which was subject to flooding. Bath Garden was the site for planting breadfruit brought to Jamaica from the Pacific by Captain William Bligh. Other gardens were the Cinchona Plantation founded in 1868 and the Hope Garden founded in 1874. In 1872, Kingston became the island's capital.

Jamaica slowly gained increasing independence from the United Kingdom and in 1958, it became a province in the Federation of the West Indies before attaining full independence by leaving the federation in 1962. However, the British monarch, King Charles III, remains the nominal head of state, with an appointed Governor-General representing the King in Jamaica in his absence. Since fellow Caribbean nation Barbados forwent the British monarch as their head of state and became a republic in 2021, there is talk of Jamaica following in their footsteps. While both major parties in principle agree on transitioning to republicanism, disagreements remain as to whether Jamaica should become a parliamentary republic or a presidential republic.

People
The majority of Jamaicans are descended at least partially from the many Africans who were enslaved and transported to the island. Jamaica also has sizeable numbers of Whites, people of Syrian/Lebanese descent, and a large population of Chinese and East Indians, many of whom have intermixed throughout the generations. Mixed-race Jamaicans are the second largest racial group after Black Jamaicans.

Christianity is the majority religion on the island, and the Rasta community, which Jamaica is known for internationally, has also featured prominently in its history. As in other Caribbean areas, West African religion and folk beliefs (locally called Obeah among other terms) are sometimes practised by some while being completely taboo for others. There are communities of Muslims and Hindus, together with a small but quite ancient Jewish community.

Climate
The climate in Jamaica is tropical, with hot and humid weather, although higher inland regions are more temperate. Some regions on the south coast are relatively dry rain-shadow areas. Jamaica lies in the hurricane belt of the Atlantic Ocean; as a result, the island sometimes experiences significant storm damage.

Flora
Jamaica supports diverse ecosystems with a wealth of plants and animals.

Jamaica's plant life has changed considerably over the centuries. When the Spanish came here in 1494, except for small agricultural clearings, the country was deeply forested, but the European settlers cut down the great timber trees for building purposes and cleared the plains, savannahs, and mountain slopes for cultivation. Many new plants were introduced including sugar cane, bananas and citrus trees.

In the areas of heavy rainfall are stands of bamboo, ferns, ebony, mahogany, and rosewood. Cactus and similar dry-area plants are found along the south and southwest coastal area. Parts of the west and southwest consist of large grasslands, with scattered stands of trees.

Fauna
Jamaican animal life is diverse and includes many endemic species found nowhere else on earth. As with other islands, non-human land mammals are made up almost entirely of bats. The only non-bat native mammal extant in Jamaica is the Jamaican hutia, locally known as the coney. Introduced mammals such as wild boar and the small Asian mongoose are also common. Jamaica is also home to many reptiles, the largest of which is the American crocodile (although it is found only in the Black River and a few other areas). Lizards from the colourful Anolis genus, iguanas and snakes such as racers and the Jamaica boa (the largest snake on the island) are common. None of Jamaica's native snakes is dangerously venomous. Beautiful and exotic birds such as the Jamaican tody and the doctor bird (the national bird) can be found, among a large number of others. Insects and other invertebrates are abundant, including the world's largest centipede, the Amazonian giant centipede and the homerus swallowtail, the Western Hemisphere's largest butterfly.

Jamaican waters contain considerable resources of fresh- and saltwater fish. The chief varieties of saltwater fish are kingfish, jack, mackerel, whiting, bonito, and tuna. Fish that occasionally enter freshwater include snook, jewfish, grey and black snapper, and mullet. Fish that spend the majority of their lives in Jamaica's fresh waters include many species of live-bearers, killifish, freshwater gobies, the mountain mullet, and the American eel. Tilapia have been introduced from Africa for aquaculture, and are very common.

There are coral reefs offshore in some areas.

Protected areas
The authorities have designated some of the more fertile areas as 'protected', including the Cockpit Country, Hellshire Hills, and Litchfield forest reserves. In 1992, Jamaica's first marine park, covering nearly 6 square miles (about 1 km²), was established in Montego Bay. The following year Blue and John Crow Mountains National Park was created on roughly 300 square miles (780 km²) of wilderness that supports thousands of tree and fern species and rare animals.

Holidays

 * 1 January: New Year's Day
 * Easter (moveable)
 * 23 May: Labour Day
 * 6 August: Independence Day
 * 17 October: Heroes Day
 * 25 December: Christmas
 * 26 December: Boxing Day

Read
Here Comes the Sun by Nicole Dennis-Benn. A dark novel about social issues in contemporary Jamaica, including a grim look at the exploitation and displacement – and opportunities – brought about by the resort industry.

Visitor information

 * Visit Jamaica website

Cities and towns

 * — the capital and largest city in Jamaica.
 * — filled with historical sites and monuments, Montego Bay is the second city of Jamaica.
 * — white sandy beaches, countless resorts; Negril is a town located in Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica.

Get in
Except for Canada, citizens of Commonwealth countries require a passport valid for at least 6 months, a return ticket, and sufficient funds. Canadian citizens require a passport or a birth certificate and ID card. No visa is required except for citizens of Sri Lanka, Nigeria, Pakistan, and Sierra Leone.

Citizens of the USA, including those visiting by cruise ship, require a passport, but no visa is required for a stay of up to six months. Passports can have expired, as long as they expired less than a year ago.

German citizens can stay for 90 days without a visa. Similar terms probably apply to other countries in the Schengen area.

Japanese citizens can stay for 30 days without a visa.

Since 27 May 2014, Chinese citizens (including Macau) can also stay for 30 days without a visa. However, it's for tourist purposes only; to travel to Jamaica for any other reason, they still need a visa.

Most other nationalities need visas.

By plane
Both airports receive vast numbers of international flights daily. There are smaller airports in Negril and Ocho Rios as well as another smaller one in Kingston, which can be accessed by smaller, private aircraft.
 * Norman Manley International Airport in Kingston.
 * Donald Sangster International Airport in Montego Bay.

By boat
There are cruises to Jamaica from the United States and other locations in the Caribbean.

By train
Jamaica has about 250 route miles of railways, of which 77 are in service to Windalco to handle privately operated bauxite (aluminium ore) trains. Passenger and public freight service ceased in 1992, but increasing road congestion and poor highway conditions have caused the government to re-examine the commercial feasibility of rail operations. A passenger train was designed for citizens (mostly for children on the Government's Programme of Advancement Through Health and Education Progamme) in 2022.

 * Clarendon Express. A tourist railway in Clarendon, on Windalco railway tracks using Jamaica Railway corporation coaches, with American-built diesel-electric locomotives for motive power.

By car
Driving as a tourist in Jamaica is an adventure in and of itself. Jamaican roads are not renowned for their upkeep nor are their drivers renowned for their caution. Roads in and around major cities and towns are generally congested, and rural roads tend to be narrow and somewhat dangerous, especially in inclement weather. Alert and courteous driving is advised at all times. There are very few north-south routes as well, so travel from the north to the south can involve treks on mountain roads. These trips can induce nausea in the more weak of stomach, so it is advisable that if you suffer from motion sickness to bring Dramamine or similar medication. Roads can be very narrow, and be especially alert when going around bends. Jamaican drivers do not slow down because of these twists and turns, so beware.

Jamaica, as a former British colony, drives on the left. Make note of this when driving, especially when turning, crossing the street, and yielding right of way.

There are relatively few traffic lights outside of urban centres; they are generally found in major city centres, such as Montego Bay, Falmouth, Kingston, Mandeville, Spanish Town and Ocho Rios. For towns where traffic lights are not installed, roundabouts are used.

Renting a car is easily done, and it is advised to go through an established major car rental company such as Island Car Rental, Hertz or Avis. Do your research before renting and driving.

Avis rents GPS units for J$12 per day with a J$200 deposit.

By boat
It is not advised to travel by boat unless the service is operated by a hotel or tourism company. It is not a quick way to get around unless you want to tour the coastline. Many fishermen may offer this service to willing tourists but they may overcharge.

By bus
Don't be afraid to take Jamaican local buses—they're cheap and they'll save you the headache of negotiating with tourist taxis. Be prepared to offer a tip to the luggage handlers that load your luggage into the bus. The ride is very different from what you are probably used to. Many resorts offer excursions by bus. Check with the resort's office that is in charge of planning day trips for more information. Excursions by bus from Ocho Rios to Kingston and Blue mountain, can turn into a long bus ride without many stops. A visit to Kingston might consist of a stop at a shopping centre for lunch, a visit to Bob Marley's home and a 2 minute stop in the Beverly Hills of Jamaica. The guided tour at the Blue Mountain coffee factory can be interesting and informative.

By taxi
Local taxis (called "route taxis") are an interesting way to get around and far cheaper than tourist taxis. For instance, it may cost J$50 to travel 20 miles (32 km). It will just look like a local's car, which is precisely what it is. The licensed ones usually have the taxi signs spray painted on their front fenders, although there seems to be little enforcement of things like business licenses in Jamaica. Seldom you will find one with a taxi sign on the top, because not many do this. The colour of the license plate will tell you. A red plate will tell you that it is for transportation, while a white plate will tell you it is a private vehicle. The yellow plate indicates a government vehicle (like a police car or ambulance) and the list continues. Although the route taxis generally run from the centre of one town to the centre of the next town, you can flag a taxi anywhere along the highway. Walk or stand on the side of the road and wave at passing cars and you'll be surprised how quickly you get one.

Route taxis are often packed with people, but they are friendly folk and glad to have you with them. Route taxis are the primary mode of transportation for Jamaicans and serve the purpose that a bus system would in a large metropolitan city. This is how people get to work, children get to school, etc.

Route taxis generally run between specific places, but if you're in the central taxi hub for a town you'll be able to find taxis going in any of the directions you need to go. Route taxis don't run very far, so if you need to get half way across the island you'll need to take it in stages. If worst comes to worst, just keep repeating your final destination to all the people who ask where you're going and they'll put you in the right car and send you on your way. You may have to wait until the taxi has enough passengers to make the trip worthwhile for the driver, and many route taxis travel with far more people in them than a Westerner would ever guess was possible. If you have luggage with you, you may have to pay an extra fare for your luggage since you're taking up space that would otherwise be sold to another passenger.

By plane
If money is no object, you can fly between the minor airports on the island on a small charter plane. There are a couple of companies that provide this service and you need to make an appointment at least a day in advance. A flight across the entire island (from Negril to Port Antonio, for instance) costs about USD600.

Talk
Jamaicans mainly speak Jamaican Creole, also known locally as Patois (pronounced "patwa"). Its pronunciation and vocabulary are significantly different from English, despite it being based on English. Despite not being official, much of the population uses slang such as "Everyting is irie" to mean "Everything is all right."

Although most Jamaicans can also speak standard English, which is also the official language, they often have a very thick accent and foreigners may have trouble understanding them because of this.

You will usually hear Jamaicans say "Waah gwaan?", "Waah appn'?", or "What a gwaan?", the Creole variation of "What's up?" or "What's going on?" More formal greetings are usually "Good morning" or "Good evening."

See
Spend a day at Negril 7-Mile Beach and finish off at Rick's Cafe for a spectacular sunset and watch even more fantastic cliff diving.
 * Nine Mile - where Bob Marley was born and now buried. The journey up into the mountains lets you experience the heart of the country.

Beaches
There are more than 50 beaches around Jamaica.

Sites

 * Dunn's River Falls
 * Rose Hall Great House
 * Turtle River Park
 * Devon House
 * Blue Mountains

Do
Hiking, camping, snorkelling, zip-lining, horse back riding, backpacking, swimming, jet skiing, sleeping, scuba diving, kite surfing, visiting the Giddy house, drinking and swimming with dolphins.

Dunn’s River Falls is a must see and do if visiting Jamaica. It is located in Ocho Rios. The cascading falls are gorgeous. You can actually climb right up the falls. It’s an amazing experience! Give it a try if you're up for a breathtaking challenge.

Mystic Mountain has a bob-sledding ride combined with options for ziplining, a water slide and an aerial tram. The aerial tram is slower method to learn about the rainforest canopy.

Going zip-lining in the Jamaican jungle is incredibly exhilarating. Most touring companies as well as cruise liners will have companies that they work with regularly.

Marriage
Over the past several decades, with the rapid growth of the tourism industry, "hotel marriages" have become a significant contributor to the total number of marriages occurring in the island.

The following is what you need to know or provide for your marriage in Jamaica:

 * 1) Proof of citizenship – certified copy of Birth Certificate, which includes father’s name.
 * 2) Parental consent (written) if under 18 years of age.
 * 3) Proof of divorce (if applicable) – original Certificate of Divorce.
 * 4) Certified copy of Death Certificate for widow or widower.
 * 5) French Canadians need a notarised, translated English copy of all documents and a photocopy of the original French documents. The same may be true of most people with documents in other languages than English.
 * 6) Italian nationals celebrating their marriage in Jamaica must notify their embassy for legalization and translation.

Sports
The most popular spectator sports in Jamaica are football (soccer) and cricket. Jamaica is also one of the top performers in the sprint events in athletics at the Olympics. Netball is the most popular women's sport, and Jamaica is one of powerhouses in international netball.

Money
The currency of Jamaica is the Jamaican dollar, denoted by the symbol "$" (or J$, JA$) (ISO code: JMD). It comes in notes of J$50, 100, 500, 1,000, 2,000 and 5,000. Coins in circulation are J$20, 10, and 5 (with smaller coins being almost worthless). Two series of banknotes are in circulation in Jamaica, the paper issues and the new polymer issues that includes the $2000 note.

Jamaica's economy has not been well run and the Jamaican dollar has steadily depreciated from the rate of USD1 = J$0.77 in 1968.

The US dollar is widely accepted in places most tourists visit. Indeed, all hotels, most restaurants, most shops, and almost all attractions in major cities will accept the US dollar. However, be aware that some places accept US dollars at a reduced rate (although it still may be a better rate than exchanging money beforehand). While it is possible for someone visiting only touristy places or for a few hours to not see the Jamaican currency at all, US dollars won't be accepted at a lot of local shops on the outskirts of cities and in rural areas.

Always stay up-to-date on the exchange rate and carry a calculator. Some places might try to make you pay ten times as much if you pay in US dollars. The cost of living in Jamaica is comparable to the United States.

US dollars, Canadian dollars, UK pounds, and euros are easily converted to Jamaican dollars at forex cambios and commercial banks island wide.

Shopping
Buy products made on the island as they are cheap and you are supporting the local economy.

Prices are usually higher in tourist areas like Negril and Ocho Rios. Shops in "tourist traps" usually have higher prices than native ones, and you'll see the same items on offer in them.

Credit cards
Credit cards such as Visa, MasterCard and to a lesser extent American Express and Discover are accepted in many business establishments, such as supermarkets, pharmacies and restaurants in Kingston, Montego Bay, Portmore, Ocho Rios and Negril and most other major towns. A curious exception is petrol stations which mostly require cash. There are a few petrol stations in uptown Kingston that will accept a credit card, but most will not

Cash advances from your MasterCard, Visa, Discover or American Express credit card will be quickly available at commercial banks, credit unions or building societies during normal banking hours. For cash advances on a non-Jamaican bank issued MasterCard or Visa cards or any American Express or Discover card, be prepared to show your foreign issued passport or overseas drivers license.

A bit of advice if you are paying for "fully inclusive" when you arrive or any other big ticket item such as tours, when you are there, take travellers cheques in US dollars. There is something like a 4% additional charge on a Visa or MasterCard transaction. Hotels and resorts usually charge the highest exchange rates.

ATMs
ATMs are called ABMs in Jamaica and are widely available in every parish and almost all ABMs in Jamaica are linked to at least one overseas network such as Cirrus or Plus and sometimes both. Indeed, the safest way for a visitor to transact business in Jamaica is to use an ABM to withdraw your daily cash requirement directly from your overseas account in local currency, as flashing foreign currency, foreign credit cards or large quantities of cash might draw unwanted attention, and will almost certainly be disadvantageous when bargaining for the best price.

Don't be alarmed if you go to an ATM and you find an armed guard as he is there to protect you.

Eat
Jamaican food is a mixture of Caribbean dishes with local dishes. Although Jamaican food gets a reputation for being spicy, local trends lean towards more versatile food variety. Some of the Caribbean dishes that you'll see in other countries around the region are rice and peas (which is cooked with coconut milk) and patties (which are called empanadas in Spanish speaking countries). The national dish is Ackee and saltfish, and must be tried by anyone visiting the island. It is made with the local fruit called Ackee, which looks like scrambled eggs, but has a unique taste of its own and dried codfish mixed with onions and tomatoes. You probably won't get a chance to try this food anywhere else, and if you really want to say that you did something uniquely Jamaican, then this is your chance. Freshly picked and prepared ackee is 100 times better than tinned ackee, but must be harvested only when the ackee fruits have ripened and their pods opened naturally on the large evergreen tree on which they grow: unripe ackee contains a potent toxin (hypoglycin A) which causes vomiting and hypoglycemia. Don't worry, locals are expert at preparing ackee and will know how to pick it safely.

Another local food is called bammy, which was actually invented by the Arawak (Taino) Indigenous peoples. It is a flat floury cassava pancake normally eaten during breakfast hours that kind of tastes like corn bread. There is also hard-dough bread (locally called hard dough bread), which comes in both sliced and unsliced varieties. Try toasting it, for when it is toasted, it tastes better than most bread you'll ever eat. If you are looking for dishes with more meat in them, you can try the jerk flavoured foods. The most popular is jerk chicken, although jerk pork and jerk conch are also common. The jerk seasoning is a spice that is spread on the meat on the grill like barbecue sauce. Keep in mind that most Jamaicans eat their food well done, so expect the food to be a bit drier than you are accustomed to. There are also curries such as curried chicken and curried goat which are very popular in Jamaica. The best curried goat is made with male goats and if you see a menu with curried fish, try it.

You may even want to pick up a piece of sugar cane, slice off some pieces and suck on them.

Fruit and vegetables in Jamaica are plentiful, particularly between April and September, when most local fruits are in season. The many mango varieties are a 'must have' if you are visiting during the summer months. If you have not tasted the fruit ripened on the tree, then you are missing out. Fruit picked green and exported to other countries does not compare. Try drinking 'coconut water' straight out of the coconut. This is not the same as coconut milk. Coconut water is clear and refreshing, not to mention the fact that it has numerous health benefits. Pawpaws, star apples, guineps, pineapples, jackfruit, oranges, tangerines, ugli fruit, ortaniques are just some of the wonderful varieties of fruit available here.

Locally grown fruits and vegetables are inexpensive. Visitors may well find that imported produce such as American apples, strawberries, plums, etc., tend to be more expensive than in their home country. Grapes in particular tend to be very expensive on the island.

Chinese food is available in many places from Chinese takeaway stores and has a distinct Jamaican taste.

It is recommended to sample the local fruit and vegetables. If unfamiliar with a particular fruit it can pay to ask a local about which parts can be eaten. Local and imported fruits are available from road-side vendors. If the fruit is to be eaten immediately the vendors can generally wash the fruit for you on request.

Finally, there is the category of "ital" food (pronounced and sometimes spelled "I-tal"), the domain of practising Rastafarians, who abide by strict dietary principles. Ital food is vegetarian and prepared from ingredients that are as natural as possible: no additives, preservatives, pesticides, etc. At its strictest, no preserved food is used and even rock salt is avoided (sea salt is OK), but it can still be tasty due to the creative use of other spices. Ital food is not generally on the printed menus in the upmarket tourist restaurants and can only be found by going to speciality restaurants. You may have to ask around to find an establishment that serves Ital food as it is not very common.

Drink
There are many drinks in Jamaica. Standards such as Pepsi and Coca-Cola can be found, but if you want to drink local soda, you can try Bigga Cola, Champagne cola or grapefruit soda called "Ting" and also Ginger beer. Also, try any soda by Desnoes & Geddes, typically labelled as "D&G." "Cola champagne" and "pineapple" are popular flavours. Since the turn of the century, the majority of soft drinks are bottled in plastic instead of glass.

You can try the local lager called Red Stripe (which is exported to many countries in the west, so there is a good chance you have already tasted it) and Dragon Stout. Many types of beers are sold in Jamaican pubs and hotels. Guinness is popular and the export 7% has a kick.

Jamaican rum, which is made from sugar cane, is common and is normally drunk with cola or fruit juice. Drink with caution! Most countries have a legal limit for the strength of liquor, usually around 40% alcohol (80 proof). In Jamaica, rum with 50 to 60% alcohol is common and 75% is not unheard of. If you are not used to it and/or misjudge the dosage, this can quickly lead to problems.

Since Jamaica was colonised by Britain, the drinking laws are 18 and over, but they don't generally enforce it as strictly as it would be in the US.

Sleep
When you speak about accommodation, Jamaica is the right place for great hospitality, staff and a well kept environment. There are many hotels or small inns that can accommodate our tourists and visitors.

Work
Employment in Jamaica varies, depending on one's level of qualification, experience and workmanship. The legal working age in Jamaica is 16 years old (provided that you are a possessor of a valid Tax Registration Number (TRN)); unfortunately, very few businesses accept applicants less than 18, with requirements varying from proof of High School tenure to qualifications gained while attending high school. Most call centres accept 18 and over, with pardon for those acquiring 18 years of age. Lengthy periods of experience and at least a Master's or Bachelor's degree are the requirements for landing a job that pays at working class standard. Menial tasks, such as factory packaging, require less tardy application requirements, and there is a high probability of 16-year-olds being employed. Jamaica's hotel industry is calling for individuals with standard requirements, notably a TRN, NIS (National Insurance Number; provided by the government for working age people acquiring 18 years old), proof of Secondary/tertiary school attendance and a little experience.

There is limited chance of volunteer work, and, in some rare cases, conditions of living may not be of standard.

Employment in Jamaica hasn't reached its prime, but is a work in progress. Also, having a sponsor in the country or having permanent residence status grants one the ability to work in Jamaica.

Stay safe
Beware of rapists at resorts, as advised by travel advisories. Jamaica has the 2nd highest murder rate in the world. As in any other country, should any emergency situation arise, after calling 119 for the police or 110 for the fire brigade or ambulance, you might want to contact your government's embassy or consulate. Governments usually advise travellers staying in Jamaica for an extended period of time to notify their embassy or consulate so they can be contacted in the case of emergency.

If in need of police, dial 119, just don't expect them to show up on the spot.

Drugs and alcohol are prevalent. Armed men may pose a threat to women in some areas. Inner-city parts of the island such as Spanish Town and some neighbourhoods in Kingston (Trench Town, etc.) should be avoided even during the day. However, those who are interested in visiting the Culture Yard in Trench Town should be safe if they go during daylight hours and with a hired local guide, which should not be terribly expensive. Be sure to ask for advice from locals before going, and avoid going there around elections, when violence flares up.

September, October, and November have fewer tourists as this is hurricane season. As a result, the police are encouraged to take their vacation during this time. This reduction in the police force can cause areas like Montego Bay's hip strip to be less safe than they normally are.

Crime
Jamaica has one of the highest rates of violent crime in the world. Reports of gang violence, sexual assault, robberies, homicide, and the like are not uncommon, especially in Kingston.

Being a tourist will, undoubtedly, make you an "easy" target for criminals. Applying a modicum of common sense can reduce your chances of being a crime victim — do not display signs of opulence, do not trust or be too be friendly to people you are not familiar with, and keep your valuables and belongings out of reach.

If you are approached by someone trying to sell you drugs or something you're not interested in, calmly, but firmly tell them that you're not interested; telling them that you're visiting Jamaica for the first time may prompt them to heckle you even more.

Although Jamaica is often stereotyped as a 'marijuana hub' in popular culture, smoking marijuana (locally known as ganja) is actually illegal. Foreigners can be arrested and jailed for drug use. Jamaican prisons are very basic and uncomfortable.

LGBT travellers
Jamaica is not at all a safe destination for gay and lesbian travellers; Jamaica's cultural and legal systems abhor homosexuality.

Violence against LGBT individuals is not uncommon and Jamaican law enforcement authorities are normally indifferent to victims of anti-LGBT violence. Corrective rape is depressingly common.

In other words, if you are LGBT, it is strongly recommended that you stay out of Jamaica. If you plan to visit, be very discreet about your sexuality.

Stay healthy
Medical facilities on the island are not always up to par with European or American health care standards. Falling ill can sometimes result in major medical fees. Therefore, buy travel insurance, as this will ensure peace of mind in emergency situations. The tap water is generally good and safe to drink. All piped water in Jamaica is treated to international standards, and will be of the same quality you could expect to find in North America or Europe. Water service in rural areas can sometimes go out for several hours at a time. People in rural areas have their own water tanks, which catch water when it rains, so be ready to draw from a tank instead of turning a pipe. Water from these sources should be boiled before being consumed. Bottled water such as Wata (a local brand), Aquafina and Deer Park are widely available.

Be cautious of the water quality at public swimming beaches, such as "Walter Fletcher Beach" in Montego Bay, which some locals call "dump-up beach", situated near the north gully. Large amounts of solid and human waste flush down the gully during storm events. The water flowing down Dunn's River Falls has also been said to contain high amounts of coliform bacteria, indicating faecal contamination.

The country's adult HIV/AIDS prevalence is nearly at 1.6%. This is more than 2½ times that of the USA and 16 times higher than the UK. So while Jamaica has a relatively low infection rate compared to some other developing nations, you would be wise to abstain or practice safe sex and avoid risky intravenous drug use.

A 2006 malaria outbreak in Kingston was identified and controlled and Jamaica has now returned to the malaria-free status it had for decades before this localised and isolated incident.

As in much of the Caribbean, dengue fever is an increasing risk. This normally manifests as a flu-like illness with severe joint and muscle pain, vomiting and a rash which may be complicated by haemorrhagic shock. It's transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, which bite in the daytime and love densely populated areas like Kingston, though they also inhabit rural environments. No vaccine or other prophylactics are available so use insect repellent if you can not stand to be covered head to toe in the tropical humid heat.

Respect
Jamaicans are known for their warmth, laid-back attitude to life, and generosity. It is customary to greet people, including complete strangers, wherever you may go. A simple Hello or Good morning would do just fine.

Religion is a huge deal to many Jamaicans. A church can be found in every nook and corner of the country, and Jamaicans love to talk about it. Criticising religion, speaking about it from an agnostic point of view, or stating that you do not believe in God will most likely be met with bewildered looks.

Jamaicans tend to value their privacy and they generally do not invite people they do not know well to their homes. If you have been invited to a Jamaican home, remove your shoes before entering.

It must also be noted that any person of East Asian descent will almost always be called "Missa/Miss Chin"; this is a common stereotype based on prominent locals bearing the surname. This should not be taken seriously, as it is a form of endearment existing among locals. Caucasians will also be met by stares from numerous people in the less touristy areas. But don't worry. Just smile!

Although most (90-92%) Jamaicans are Afro-Jamaicans, Jamaica is a diverse country and there are long-established communities of Europeans, Chinese, and Indians. It is considered rude to express doubt if someone is truly Jamaican just because they are not black.

Show respect to elders and authority figures. Use the terms "sir" and "ma'am" with them and behave appropriately in front of them.

Attempting to speak the local dialect will earn you favour and high regards in any social setting.

By phone
Jamaica has two mobile network operators, Digicel and Flow (formerly Lime). Jamaican numbers are based off the North American Numbering Plan and consist of an area code followed by 7 digits. The calling code is +1 (876) then follows the numbers, e.g +1 (876) ***-****.

By Internet
In almost every area you go in Jamaica there are Wi-Fi hotspots to connect to the net. Data plans, which most Jamaicans call 'service', offer a certain amount of bytes which can easily be accessed on your mobile phone without worrying about Wi-Fi (this is the variation of Wi-Fi for most people in local areas).

title: Jamaica


text:
Jamaica (disambiguation)

There is more than one place called Jamaica:

Caribbean

 * Jamaica - An island country in the Caribbean.

United States of America

 * Jamaica (Vermont) - A small town in Vermont.
 * Queens/Jamaica - A district in the New York City borough of Queens.

title: Jamaica (disambiguation)


text:
Jamaica (Vermont)

Jamaica is a village in Vermont. It is a great place to stay when going to Stratton ski resort. Jamaica is located at the bottom of the mountain, and has its own access road up the mountain.

title: Jamaica (Vermont)


text:
Jamaica Beach

Jamaica Beach is a city in the North Barrier Coast of Texas.

Get in
Jamaica Beach is surrounded by the city of Galveston, TX. It 13.6 miles SW of Galveston island's northeastern tip. Galveston and Jamaica Beach can be accessed from I-45 or from the Bolivar Ferry from State Highway 87 on the Bolivar Peninsula. Jamaica Beach can also be accessed from the San Luis Pass-Vacek Toll Bridge from the southwestern tip of Galveston Island. This allows access from the Greater Houston area near State Highway 288, and from southern Texas.

See
Jamaica Beach has a public access beach, with free parking. It offers backdoor access to Galveston Island State Park, since it borders it. The vicinity is less than 1 square mile in area, so amenities are within walking distance. There are no lifeguards.

Buy
There are convenient stores on the main road, San Luis Pass Road.

Sleep
There are hotels and resorts available on Galveston. There is a Silver Leaf resort about two miles southwest of Jamaica Beach in Galveston.

No camping is allowed in Jamaica Beach. A fee must be paid to camp in Galveston Island State Park.

Go next

 * San Luis Pass
 * Surfside
 * Galveston

title: Jamaica Beach


text:
Jambi

Jambi or Kota Jambi (Jambi City), is the provincial capital city of Jambi province in eastern Sumatra, Indonesia.

By public transport

 * Common public transports are taxis, ojek (motorcycle-based) and angkot (small minivan with numbers and uniform color that has fixed route).
 * Online-based transport are also growing in popularity such as Grab & Gojek.

Buy
There are only several smaller malls in Jambi city, compare to other large cities in Sumatra such as Medan.

Sleep

 * Hotel Fortuna. Jalan Jend Gatot Subroto, Kt 001, Kal. Sel Assam Pasar Jambi. That is, it's between the J Trust Bank and Abadi Hotel and Convention Center. Rp 185,000 (July 2019) for a standard (single) room. There are no windows, but with the combination of the air conditioner and the bathroom exhaust fan, it is relatively comfortable. Very quiet during the night. Hot water most of the time. Wi-Fi is OK. And surprisingly, the food served at the small attached restaurant is rather good for the price. A small supermarket can be found 50 m from this hotel.
 * Hotel Jambi Raya. Jl. Camar I No. 45-48, Sungai Asam, Kec. Ps. Jambi, Kota Jambi. Five minutes from Hotel Fortuna. 160,000 for a standard room (July 2019).
 * Hotel Fortuna. Jalan Jend Gatot Subroto, Kt 001, Kal. Sel Assam Pasar Jambi. That is, it's between the J Trust Bank and Abadi Hotel and Convention Center. Rp 185,000 (July 2019) for a standard (single) room. There are no windows, but with the combination of the air conditioner and the bathroom exhaust fan, it is relatively comfortable. Very quiet during the night. Hot water most of the time. Wi-Fi is OK. And surprisingly, the food served at the small attached restaurant is rather good for the price. A small supermarket can be found 50 m from this hotel.
 * Hotel Jambi Raya. Jl. Camar I No. 45-48, Sungai Asam, Kec. Ps. Jambi, Kota Jambi. Five minutes from Hotel Fortuna. 160,000 for a standard room (July 2019).
 * Hotel Fortuna. Jalan Jend Gatot Subroto, Kt 001, Kal. Sel Assam Pasar Jambi. That is, it's between the J Trust Bank and Abadi Hotel and Convention Center. Rp 185,000 (July 2019) for a standard (single) room. There are no windows, but with the combination of the air conditioner and the bathroom exhaust fan, it is relatively comfortable. Very quiet during the night. Hot water most of the time. Wi-Fi is OK. And surprisingly, the food served at the small attached restaurant is rather good for the price. A small supermarket can be found 50 m from this hotel.
 * Hotel Jambi Raya. Jl. Camar I No. 45-48, Sungai Asam, Kec. Ps. Jambi, Kota Jambi. Five minutes from Hotel Fortuna. 160,000 for a standard room (July 2019).
 * Hotel Jambi Raya. Jl. Camar I No. 45-48, Sungai Asam, Kec. Ps. Jambi, Kota Jambi. Five minutes from Hotel Fortuna. 160,000 for a standard room (July 2019).

Go next
Kerinci Seblat National Park for climbing highest volcano in Indonesia Mt. Kerinci.

Jambi to Palembang. Shared Taxi. Company is Ratu Intan Permata on Jalan Prof. Dr. Moh Gamin (Google Maps) diagonally opposite Hotel Harisman. Its a six passenger plus driver vehicle. Cost is Rp 155,000 (July 2019). Travel time is 7 to 8 hours. Morning departure times are 07:00, 08:00 and 10:00.

title: Jambi


text:
Jambi (province)

Jambi is a province in eastern Sumatra, Indonesia.

Cities

 * — provincial capital city.
 * — second largest city and gateway to Kerinci regency.
 * — capital of Bungo Regency

Other destinations

 * — the largest national park in Sumatra island that spans over 4 province. This is also where Mt. Kerinci, the highest volcano in Indonesia and Lake Telaga Tujuh, the highest caldera lake in Southeast Asia are located.
 * — largest undisturbed swamp forest in southeastern Asia.
 * — home to the nomadic Orang Rimba tribes and Talang Mamak tribes as well as the last refugee for several endangered species such as Sumatran orangutan, Sumatran tiger, Sumatran elephant, and Asian tapir, as well as many endangered bird species.
 * — Some of the last remaining lowland rainforest in Sumatra, and home to the nomadic Orang Rimba tribe.

Understand
In 1948, the Jambi province is a part of Central Sumatra province. In 1957, that short-lived province was itself divided, and Jambi was created as an independent Province.

Talk
The official language of Jambi province is Indonesian as in all parts of Indonesia. However Jambi is also home to several indigenous languages and dialects such as Jambi Malay, Kerinci language, Kubu language, Lempur Malay, and Rantau Panjang Malay, all of which are Malayan languages. Due to transmigration policy, many ethnic groups from various parts of Indonesia, especially Java, Borneo, Sulawesi and other parts of Sumatra brought their native languages as well. The non-Pribumi people such as the Chinese Indonesians speak several varieties of Chinese.

By plane
The main airport in the province is Jambi City's Sultan Thaha Airport, with frequent flights to and from Jakarta's Soekarno-Hatta International Airport, and in addition scheduled flights to and from Batam, Palembang, Pekanbaru, and Medan.

The smaller Muara Bungo Airport serves the town of Muara Bungo and the western central part of the province, with direct flights from Jakarta, Bengkulu and Jambi City. Depati Parbo Airport serving Sungai Penuh city & Kerinci regency in the far west of the province.

title: Jambi (province)


text:
James River Plantations

James River Plantations are in Virginia.

Understand
The 430-mile long James River begins west of the Blue Ridge Mountains near the western Virginia border and joins the Chesapeake Bay at Hampton Roads. An unparalleled collection of historic plantations still overlook the tidal portion of the river, below the falls in Richmond. Thirty-three of those plantations listed in the National Register of Historic Places are located along the James River and its tributaries. They are architectural treasures, ranging from diminutive Piney Grove, which began as a log corncrib c. 1790, to grand brick homes like Bacon's Castle, representative of Virginia plantation life in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries.

Goochland County

 * Tuckahoe

Richmond

 * Wilton

Chesterfield County

 * Castlewood
 * Magnolia Grange
 * Eppington

Dinwiddie County

 * Mayfield Cottage

Petersburg

 * Battersea

Colonial Heights

 * Violet Bank

Hopewell

 * Weston Manor
 * Appomattox Manor

Charles City County

 * Shirley
 * Edgewood
 * Berkeley
 * Westover
 * Belle Air
 * North Bend
 * Upper Weyanoke
 * Kittiewan
 * John Tyler House (Sherwood Forest)
 * iney Grove

James City County

 * Powhatan
 * Kingsmill Plantation
 * Carter's Grove

Newport News

 * Lee Hall
 * Richneck Plantation Site
 * Denbigh Plantation Site (Mathews Manor)
 * Matthew Jones House

Isle of Wight County

 * Four Square

Surry County

 * Bacon's Castle
 * Chippokes Plantation
 * Warren House (Smith's Fort)

Prince George County

 * Brandon
 * Flowerdew Hundred Plantation

title: James River Plantations


text:
Jamestown

There's more than one place called Jamestown:

Australia

 * Jamestown (South Australia) - a town in South Australia.

Islands of the Atlantic Ocean

 * Jamestown (Saint Helena) - the capital of Saint Helena (island)

United States of America

 * Jamestown (California) - a city in California
 * Jamestown (New York) - a city in Chautauqua County, in the Southern Tier of New York
 * Jamestown (North Dakota) - county seat of Stutsman County, North Dakota
 * Jamestown (Rhode Island) - a city in Rhode Island
 * Jamestown (Virginia) - a city in Virginia

title: Jamestown