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Munich/Altstadt

Altstadt meaning "old city" is the very heart of Munich. Three gates are all that remain of the medieval defensive walls, but within is a well-preserved district with many of Munich's iconic sights: twin-towered Frauenkirche, New City Hall with clockwork figures dancing to the chimes of its Glockenspiel, and Hofbräuhaus that temple to drinking and gorging.

Altstadtring circular road now follows the line of the former walls and bounds the old centre. However it's usual also to include Lehel district a short walk further east: this is bounded by the river Isar east, Tivolistraße and Prinzregentenstraße north, and Altstadtring and Zweibrückenstraße west and south. For convenience Prater, one of the river islands, is described here, while Museum Island is described as part of Ludwigsvorstadt.

Understand
The medieval heart of the city is all of 50-60 years old - it was heavily bombed in the Second World War and reconstruction took decades. But this was done with skill and care to original designs, so Altstadt has re-captured its charm and grandeur and doesn't feel ersatz.

German cities take their "founding date" as the first documentary mention, 1158 AD for Munich, though all of them have been settled since prehistory. The city name refers to monks and it all turned upon a trade negotiation. The monks controlled a bridge over the Isar, probably at Oberföhring by what is now the English Garden, and stitched up the trade in salt. Medieval life utterly depended upon salt, carted in from the mines at Salzburg, and Duke Henry the Lion wanted in on it. His negotiating ploy was to destroy the monks' bridge and build his own, and everyone saw the logic of his argument.

The early city was ravaged by fire and plague but grew to about 1 km in diameter, and stout defensive walls were built with four gates. These constrained and defined the city until the end of the Thirty Years War in 1648. By then, gunpowder and artillery rendered medieval walls useless, so they were demolished though three of the gates survive. This circle enfolded the district now regarded as Altstadt, while the city spread beyond. Altstadtring is the modern road along the route of the walls, which turned out to have magical powers against automobiles: you bring a car any closer in at your peril. Many streets are pedestrianised and the others have severe restrictions, camera enforced.

As Munich, Bavaria and the proto-Germany prospered in the 18th / 19th century, the inner city became prize real-estate. The very centre around Marienplatz and Frauenkirche retained its old-world charm and higgledy-piggledy street pattern, while royal, government and plutocrats' buildings were erected along stately boulevards near the former walls. They were built to vie with Paris and Vienna, to impress the visitor, and they still do.

The tourist office is in New Town Hall on Marienplatz, open daily - see Munich.

Get in
the main railway station is just west of this district, within walking distance. See Munich for inter-city connections, which span Europe.

S-Bahn suburban trains run west-east across the city centre, with stations at Hauptbahnhof, Karlsplatz (Stachus) west edge of Altstadt, Marienplatz plumb centre, and Isartor at its east edge. Lines S1 and S8 run from the airport; the others are S2, S3, S4, S6, S7 and S27.

All these trains use a single tunnel, the Stammstrecke, so line congestion is a chronic problem. A new S-Bahn route is being built beneath Altstadt and might open in 2026. Marienhof just north of Marienplatz will be a new station, while the others will be extended. Expect some construction upheaval while this is under way.

U-Bahn underground trains link those stations. All are within the inner city fare zone, which extends 3-5 km out.
 * lines run out to the northwest, southeast and east Munich districts.
 * and : take U3 or U6 for the north and southwest districts.
 * , Odeonsplatz and : take U4 and U5 for west and southeast districts.

Get around
Walking is usually the best option. Most public transport circles the centre rather than threading through it.

Tram 19 traverses the district west-east, with stops at Hauptbahnhof, Karlsplatz (Stachus), Lenbachplatz, Theatinerstraße, Nationaltheater, Kammerspiele and Maxmonument.

Buses 52 and 62 cross the south part of Altstadt from Sendlinger Tor, with stops at St Jakobs Platz, Rindermarkt, Viktualienmarkt, Blumenstraße, Gärtnerplatz and Baaderstraße.

Don't even think of using a car to get around. Even a taxi with pick up / drop off permission has to drive out radially, orbit Altstadtring to the correct access route, then burrow back in. A journey of 500 m stretches to 3 km - it's not a scam, it's the shortest legal driving route.

Marienplatz

 * Marienplatz (on S- and U-Bahn) is the square at the heart of the old city. It takes its name from Mariensäule, the central golden statue to the Virgin Mary, who was credited with saving the city in 1638 from destruction during Swedish occupation: De Optimo Maximo Virgini Deiparae, Boicae Dominae . . . , yadda yadda yah. The south part of the square is flanked by the imposing old and new Town Halls. North part is a heroic crater, as it's being excavated for the new S-Bahn tunnel and station. You can still access all shops, pubs etcetera here but it's expected to remain a mess at least until 2026.
 * is the pedestrianised street and outdoor market running south from Marienplatz opposite Old Town Hall.
 * Heiliggeistkirche faces Peterskirche across Viktualienmarkt. It's a Gothic church of 1392, open daily 09:00-20:00.
 * is the pedestrianised street and outdoor market running south from Marienplatz opposite Old Town Hall.
 * Heiliggeistkirche faces Peterskirche across Viktualienmarkt. It's a Gothic church of 1392, open daily 09:00-20:00.
 * is the pedestrianised street and outdoor market running south from Marienplatz opposite Old Town Hall.
 * Heiliggeistkirche faces Peterskirche across Viktualienmarkt. It's a Gothic church of 1392, open daily 09:00-20:00.

Odeonsplatz
This area north of medieval Altstadt was developed in the 19th century. The square was named for Odeon concert hall, now a government building. U-Bahn Odeonsplatz is at its north end.
 * Feldherrnhalle (mind the spelling, not "Feldherren-") closes the south end of the square. It was built 1841-44 under Ludwig I to the glory of the Bavarian army. It's modelled on the Loggia dei Lanzi in Florence. On the morning of 9 Nov 1923, this was the scene of Hitler's first power-grab, the short-lived putsch which ended in a bloody shoot-out and his arrest. In 1933 it became a Nazi shrine, and all passers-by were required to give the Nazi salute. "Drückebergergasse" was the nickname given to the alley behind, used by those who didn't care to salute: "Drücke" means "ducking out".
 * Preysing Palais on Drückebergergasse just behind Feldherrnhalle was built in the 1720s as a bling palace. It's now shops and offices.
 * is a stately Italianate garden laid out from 1613 as part of the Residenz development. The main entrance is west opposite the U-Bahn station. Most of its embellishments were lost to wartime bombing but the central statue of Diana is original. The garden is free to enter 24 hours and has a pleasant cafe. A pedestrian tunnel links north to the English Garden.
 * Finanzgarten is the bosky, informal green space just north of Hofgarten, a complete contrast. The area was part of Altstadt's defensive walls until those were no longer needed after the Thirty Years' War. Later uses included a market garden for a monastery that contrived to go bust (they're probably still reciting penitential Ave Marias to this day) and a Ministry of Finance, hence the name. In 1984 the Ministry of Agriculture was finally persuaded to park its cars elsewhere and the garden was landscaped into its present form. It's adorned with statues of notable German poets such as, um, Confucius.
 * Finanzgarten is the bosky, informal green space just north of Hofgarten, a complete contrast. The area was part of Altstadt's defensive walls until those were no longer needed after the Thirty Years' War. Later uses included a market garden for a monastery that contrived to go bust (they're probably still reciting penitential Ave Marias to this day) and a Ministry of Finance, hence the name. In 1984 the Ministry of Agriculture was finally persuaded to park its cars elsewhere and the garden was landscaped into its present form. It's adorned with statues of notable German poets such as, um, Confucius.

Lehel
"Lehel" means scrubs or boondocks, floodprone land by the river with shacks and small fields. Lying just east of the centre, it became part of Munich in the 18th century, and blossomed in the 19th with the construction of Prinzregentenstraße. It's now a high-price district not part of the historic Altstadt, but convenient to describe on this page as it's just a short walk east.
 * St Anna is the name of two churches next to Lehel U-Bahn station. The first, west side of the street, is the monastery church built in the 1730s. It also served as the parish church for this poor district, whose residents were locked out of Altstadt gates by night. The Franciscans took over the monastery in 1827 and remain there. The new parish church east side of the street was completed in 1892.
 * The English Garden is the huge park starting just beyond Lehel and described as part of northern Munich. However its southern section is within walking distance, or use U-Bahn U3 or U6 to Universität.  is the focal point of this section, a prominent neo-classical rotunda. 200 m further north is the Chinese Tower, with a beer garden, and site of a Christmas Market. The section is bounded by a busy highway, Isarring. The northern section is more easily accessed from U-bahn U6 Nordfriedhof.
 * Archaeology Museum behind the Nationalmuseum has been closed for rebuilding since 2016. It might reopen in 2024.
 * St Lukas is on Mariannenplatz near the footbridge to Prater Island. It's a Lutheran church built in the 1890s in neo-Gothic / Romanesque.
 * is one of two large river islands in the Isar. Originally these were small, shifting sandbanks, then in the 19th century they were consolidated and developed. A tavern opened, with a funfair inspired by Prater in Vienna, and so the island (a fusion of three) got its name. But Orson Welles never got to ride its carousel, and the funfair went bust through disruption of building Maximilianstraße, which now bisects it and connects to the eastern district of Haidhausen. One fellow wont to experiment with fireworks was ordered to live away at the south tip, thus dubbed Feuerwerkinsel. This tip is linked by footbridge to Mariannenplatz in Lehel, to Haidhausen, and upriver to Museum Island, described as part of Ludwigsvordstadt
 * (S-Bahn: Isartor) was built in 1337 as one of the city gates. It was rebuilt in the 19th to the original plan. It marks the natural boundary of Altstadt-Lehel: for sights south and east such as the Deutsches Museum, see Ludwigsvorstadt.
 * St Lukas is on Mariannenplatz near the footbridge to Prater Island. It's a Lutheran church built in the 1890s in neo-Gothic / Romanesque.
 * is one of two large river islands in the Isar. Originally these were small, shifting sandbanks, then in the 19th century they were consolidated and developed. A tavern opened, with a funfair inspired by Prater in Vienna, and so the island (a fusion of three) got its name. But Orson Welles never got to ride its carousel, and the funfair went bust through disruption of building Maximilianstraße, which now bisects it and connects to the eastern district of Haidhausen. One fellow wont to experiment with fireworks was ordered to live away at the south tip, thus dubbed Feuerwerkinsel. This tip is linked by footbridge to Mariannenplatz in Lehel, to Haidhausen, and upriver to Museum Island, described as part of Ludwigsvordstadt
 * (S-Bahn: Isartor) was built in 1337 as one of the city gates. It was rebuilt in the 19th to the original plan. It marks the natural boundary of Altstadt-Lehel: for sights south and east such as the Deutsches Museum, see Ludwigsvorstadt.
 * is one of two large river islands in the Isar. Originally these were small, shifting sandbanks, then in the 19th century they were consolidated and developed. A tavern opened, with a funfair inspired by Prater in Vienna, and so the island (a fusion of three) got its name. But Orson Welles never got to ride its carousel, and the funfair went bust through disruption of building Maximilianstraße, which now bisects it and connects to the eastern district of Haidhausen. One fellow wont to experiment with fireworks was ordered to live away at the south tip, thus dubbed Feuerwerkinsel. This tip is linked by footbridge to Mariannenplatz in Lehel, to Haidhausen, and upriver to Museum Island, described as part of Ludwigsvordstadt
 * (S-Bahn: Isartor) was built in 1337 as one of the city gates. It was rebuilt in the 19th to the original plan. It marks the natural boundary of Altstadt-Lehel: for sights south and east such as the Deutsches Museum, see Ludwigsvorstadt.
 * (S-Bahn: Isartor) was built in 1337 as one of the city gates. It was rebuilt in the 19th to the original plan. It marks the natural boundary of Altstadt-Lehel: for sights south and east such as the Deutsches Museum, see Ludwigsvorstadt.
 * (S-Bahn: Isartor) was built in 1337 as one of the city gates. It was rebuilt in the 19th to the original plan. It marks the natural boundary of Altstadt-Lehel: for sights south and east such as the Deutsches Museum, see Ludwigsvorstadt.

Maximiliansplatz

 * is a long plaza laid out at the beginning of the 19th century over the former city walls. Those circled west to Karlsplatz and east to Odeonsplatz, bounding the northwest segment of Altstadt. Within the plaza are the Wittelsbacherbrunnen fountain, the New Stock Exchange (Neue Börse) of 1901 and the House of Artists (Künstlerhaus). It's a lively place at night. U-Bahn Karlsplatz (Stachus) is closest for the west end, Odeonsplatz for the east end, and Tram 19 (stop Lenbachplatz) runs through it.
 * Platz der Opfer des Nationalsozialismus (Square of the Victims of Nazism, U-Bahn U3, U4, U5, U6: Odeonsplatz) is the northeast extension of Maximiliansplatz - the Gestapo headquarters stood here. Today an eternal flame burns in its centre.
 * Dreifaltigkeitskirche (Trinity) is a small baroque church of 1710 at Pacellistraße 6 off Maximiliansplatz. It's seldom open.
 * Salvatorkirche 200 m east of Platz der Opfer was built in 1492 as the cemetery church for Frauenkirche. In 1829 it became Greek Orthodox.
 * is the short boulevard connecting Maximiliansplatz to Odeonsplatz. It's lined with neo-classical bulidings, with the grandest in Wittelsbacherplatz.
 * Cafe Luitpold Museum on Brienner Straße facing Wittelsbacherplatz is an exhibition of the history of coffee shops. It remains closed in 2022, but the pricey Cafe Luitpold itself is open.
 * Deutsches Jagd- und Fischereimuseum (Hunting & Fishing Museum) is just east of Michaelskirche, open daily 09:30-17:00. Signage is only in German. It's within the 13th century Augustinerkirche St. Johann - after bombing damage this was rebuilt as shops and only the facade survives.
 * Bürgersaalkirche is a two-story church of 1710 just west of Michaelskirche.
 * Bürgersaalkirche is a two-story church of 1710 just west of Michaelskirche.

Sendlinger Straße
This street leads southwest to the city gate ("Sendlinger Tor") then on towards Sendling, now a suburb. It's been partly pedestrianised and the "red light district" ejected, but there's disagreement over further extension of the pedestrian zone.
 * Fire Brigade Museum on St Jakobs Platz remains closed, and was never as exciting as Google Map makes out, translating Feuerwehr as "fireworks".
 * Herzogspitalkirche St Elisabeth 100 m east of Karlsplatz was the chapel for the 16th century ducal hospital and a pilgrimage destination. It was destroyed by wartime bombing and only the tower was rebuilt to the original design, the rest is modern.
 * Kreuzkirche midway down Kreuzstraße was built in 1478 as a cemetery church - the kreuz (cross) in this case was a crossroads. It has a plain brick exterior, the interior was re-done in Baroque style in 1620.
 * Sendlinger Tor, one of the ancient city gates, is where you step out of Altstadt into Ludwigsvorstadt. The U-Bahn station is just beyond.
 * Herzogspitalkirche St Elisabeth 100 m east of Karlsplatz was the chapel for the 16th century ducal hospital and a pilgrimage destination. It was destroyed by wartime bombing and only the tower was rebuilt to the original design, the rest is modern.
 * Kreuzkirche midway down Kreuzstraße was built in 1478 as a cemetery church - the kreuz (cross) in this case was a crossroads. It has a plain brick exterior, the interior was re-done in Baroque style in 1620.
 * Sendlinger Tor, one of the ancient city gates, is where you step out of Altstadt into Ludwigsvorstadt. The U-Bahn station is just beyond.
 * Sendlinger Tor, one of the ancient city gates, is where you step out of Altstadt into Ludwigsvorstadt. The U-Bahn station is just beyond.

Do

 * City Foundation Festival (Stadtgründungsfest) is held in mid-June around Marienplatz, with food stalls and other events.
 * Isarinselfest (Isar Island Festival) is a street fair held along the river bank on a September weekend, with music, stalls and activities for children.
 * Christmas Market is held in Marienplatz in the four weeks to Christmas Eve. Another on Wittelsbacherplatz (by Odeonsplatz) is medieval-themed, so you get to experience how earlier centuries gobbled sausage and slurped mulled wine.
 * Surfing: the Eisbach has a surfable standing wave as it flows out below the bridge at Prinzregentenstraße into English Garden. See Schwabing for this and other attractions in the Garden.
 * Isarinselfest (Isar Island Festival) is a street fair held along the river bank on a September weekend, with music, stalls and activities for children.
 * Christmas Market is held in Marienplatz in the four weeks to Christmas Eve. Another on Wittelsbacherplatz (by Odeonsplatz) is medieval-themed, so you get to experience how earlier centuries gobbled sausage and slurped mulled wine.
 * Surfing: the Eisbach has a surfable standing wave as it flows out below the bridge at Prinzregentenstraße into English Garden. See Schwabing for this and other attractions in the Garden.

Buy

 * Kaufingerstraße from Marienplatz, becoming Neuhauser Straße to Karlstor and Stachus, is pedestrianised and one of the city's main shopping streets. Lots of clothing stores plus general retailers such as Kaufhof.
 * Viktualienmarkt is the large open-air market off Marienplatz.
 * CityQuartier Fünf Höfe is a shopping centre in the block at Theatinerstraße 15, 100 m south of Odeonsplatz. It has upscale shops and cafes.
 * Viktualienmarkt is the large open-air market off Marienplatz.
 * CityQuartier Fünf Höfe is a shopping centre in the block at Theatinerstraße 15, 100 m south of Odeonsplatz. It has upscale shops and cafes.
 * CityQuartier Fünf Höfe is a shopping centre in the block at Theatinerstraße 15, 100 m south of Odeonsplatz. It has upscale shops and cafes.
 * CityQuartier Fünf Höfe is a shopping centre in the block at Theatinerstraße 15, 100 m south of Odeonsplatz. It has upscale shops and cafes.

Budget

 * Noah´s, Sebastianplatz 3 (S-Bahn & U-Bahn: Marienplatz: next to Stadtmuseum), +49 89 700 66 724. M-Su 11:00-23:00. Excellent pizza and Italian cuisine, therefore very well frequented.
 * Viktualienmarkt off Marienplatz has a range of stalls and kiosks with ready-made budget food. You can bring your own food into the beer garden.
 * Viktualienmarkt off Marienplatz has a range of stalls and kiosks with ready-made budget food. You can bring your own food into the beer garden.
 * Viktualienmarkt off Marienplatz has a range of stalls and kiosks with ready-made budget food. You can bring your own food into the beer garden.

Mid-range

 * Sesam Falafel at Tal 32 does falafel, shwarma and mezze, for a change from German fare. It's open M-Sa 10:00-22:00.
 * Sesam Falafel at Tal 32 does falafel, shwarma and mezze, for a change from German fare. It's open M-Sa 10:00-22:00.
 * Sesam Falafel at Tal 32 does falafel, shwarma and mezze, for a change from German fare. It's open M-Sa 10:00-22:00.
 * Sesam Falafel at Tal 32 does falafel, shwarma and mezze, for a change from German fare. It's open M-Sa 10:00-22:00.
 * Sesam Falafel at Tal 32 does falafel, shwarma and mezze, for a change from German fare. It's open M-Sa 10:00-22:00.
 * Sesam Falafel at Tal 32 does falafel, shwarma and mezze, for a change from German fare. It's open M-Sa 10:00-22:00.

Bars and pubs

 * Ned Kelly's is an Australian-themed sports pub next to Kilian's on Frauenplatz.
 * Ned Kelly's is an Australian-themed sports pub next to Kilian's on Frauenplatz.
 * Ned Kelly's is an Australian-themed sports pub next to Kilian's on Frauenplatz.
 * Ned Kelly's is an Australian-themed sports pub next to Kilian's on Frauenplatz.

Sleep
Altstadt has limited accommodation. Try looking in Ludwigsvorstadt near the railway station, which is surrounded by hotels.

Connect
As of Oct 2022, the entire city has 5G from all three German carriers. Wifi (in German WLAN) is widely available in public places and on transport.

Go next

 * Ludwigsvorstadt-Isarvorstadt is reached by stepping through Sendlinger Tor. Oktoberfest is held in this district, and the star attraction is the Deutsches Museum of science and technology.
 * Haidhausen just east of Aldstadt is the bar and party district.
 * Maxvorstadt just north is the university district and has big-name galleries and museums.
 * Northern Munich beyond Maxvorstadt has the English Garden in Schwabing, and the Nymphenburg palace and park.

title: Munich/Altstadt


text:
Munich/Haidhausen

Haidhausen is a residential and night life area of Munich, about 2 km east of city centre on the east bank of the river Isar. It comprises the boroughs of Au-Haidhausen, Alt-Bogenhausen and Untergiesing. This page also describes the party zone of Werksviertel, just beyond the railway tracks in the next borough of Berg am Laim.

Understand
The ridge on the east bank of the Isar was industrial from the Middle Ages, with brickworks using the local clay. However settlement remained small until the 19th century, when the city sucked in a labour force that had previously worked on the land, and public transport meant that people could live beyond walking distance from their work. The Gründerzeit was an economic boom time across Germany, from the 1840s to the crash of 1873.

Haidhausen, first documented in 808 AD, was a quarter for day labourers and craftsmen outside the city walls and gates. It was incorporated into the city of Munich in 1854, along with Au a riverside tract further south. The railway arrived in 1871 and the area northwest of Ostbahnhof station was developed as the "French Quarter", a stately lattice of streets and circles with French names. Many of the buildings of that era were destroyed by Allied bombing during World War II, and replaced in a variety of styles. Today, Au-Haidhausen is a popular residential district, and has a high density of bars and clubs.

Alt-Bogenhausen further northwest was little damaged during the war, so it has more historic houses with higher property prices.

Untergiesing, incorporated into Munich along with its northern neighbours, used to be a working-class neighbourhood. Its main attractions nowadays are the parkland banks of the Isar, where people on warm summer evenings relax and drink beer.

Werksviertel southeast of the railway is a party zone on an industrial scale, where former factories have been converted into clubs, discos and bars. It's actually in the adjoining district of Berg am Laim, part of east Munich, but it's convenient to describe it on this page.

By train
Mainline trains converge on Hauptbahnhof from all parts of Germany and beyond, so you normally change there for S- and U-Bahn trains into Haidhausen.

However trains from Austria and Hungary stop at Ostbahnhof on their way to Hauptbahnhof. These all stop in Salzburg on the border, and crossing Bavaria the regional trains stop at Freilassing, Teisendorf, Trauenstein, Bergen (Oberbay), Übersee, Bernau a Chiemsee, Prien am Chiemsee, Bad Endorf and Rosenheim.

(East Station) is the transport hub for this district. The main entrance is southwest on Orleansplatz, which is the local bus station. You can also access from the northeast on Friedenstraße via the pedestrian tunnel. At least until 2026, there is local disruption as the new S-Bahn tunnel is built, but station access and facilities are unchanged.

S-Bahn suburban trains: most lines pass through Ostbahnhof. From the airport take S8, which runs twice an hour taking 33 min and continues to city centre then out southwest to Herrsching. S1 takes 50 min from the airport as it goes first to city centre then comes out east to terminate here.

500 m west of Ostbahnhof is a stop for the cross-town S-Bahn lines and may be more convenient for the Au-riverbank part of the district.

S1, S2, S3, S4, S6, S7 and S8 all run via Hauptbahnhof, Altstadt and Rosenheimer Platz to Ostbahnhof. S3 and S7 there turn south to Sankt-Martin-Straße and Giesing then Holzkirchen or Kreuzstraße. S2, S4, S6 and S8 continue east to Leuchtenbergring, where S8 heads north to the airport, S2 goes northeast to Erding, and S4 and S6 go southeast to Zorneding or Ebersberg.

U-Bahn underground trains:
 * skims the south of this district, running via Hauptbahnhof, Sendlinger Tor and Frauenhoferstraße to Kolumbusplatz and Candidplatz then Mangfallplatz.
 * and take the same route from Hauptbahnhof to Kolumbusplatz, and continue east to Silberhornstraße, Karl-Preis-Platz, Untersbergstraße and Giesing. U2 goes out to Messe trade fair grounds.
 * and run east via Karlsplatz (Stachus), Odeonsplatz and Lehel to cross the river to Max-Weber-Platz (the tram hub, see below). U4 turns north across Alt-Bogenhausen to Prinzregentenplatz, Böhmerwaldplatz, Richard-Strauss-Straße and Arabellapark. U5 turns south to Ostbahnhof and Neuperlach.

By tram
rather than Ostbahnhof is where local tram lines converge.
 * Lines 19 and 21 cross the city east-west, and are your likeliest route of arrival, as they run through Hauptbahnhof. They make five stops in Altstadt-Lehel, then cross the river to Maximilianeum (not to be confused with Maxmonument the previous stop) and Max-Weber-Platz. Line 19 continues east to Berg-am-Laim while Line 21 trends southeast to Ostbahnhof and St-Veit-Straße.
 * Line 37 comes from the northeast at St Emmeram to Effnerplatz then via Villa Stuck to Max-Weber-Platz.
 * Line 25 comes from the south at Grünwald via Ostfriedhof, Regerplatz, Rosenheimer Platz and Wörthstraße to Max-Weber-Platz.
 * Two other lines from city centre clip the edge of the district: Line 16 via Maxmonument and Lehel to Effnerplatz further north, and Line 18 via Eduard-Schmid-Straße, Mariahilfplatz, Ostfriedhof and St-Martins-Platz to Schwanseestraße further south.

By road
It's not difficult to get here by car, outside of rush hour, the major problem is parking. Street parking is limited to residents with permits. For a day trip, use one of the Park & Ride lots signposted from the approach highways - these have good U-Bahn connections.

Haidhausen is within easy cycling distance of other Munich districts and many streets have bike lanes, but the gradients up from the river bridges are steep.

Get around
Most places of interest are in the triangle bounded by Ludwigsbrücke west, Maximiliansplatz north and Ostbahnhof east, so walking is usually the best option.

Use the tram for outlying places, and consider using trams and U-Bahn lines through Lehel on the west bank of the river then re-crossing on foot. All of Haidhausen is within the M inner city travel zone, see Munich#Get around for fares and rules.

See

 * (Friedensengel) marks the entrance to Bogenhausen district as Prinzregentenstraße crosses the river from Lehel. She's a 6 m statue atop a 38 m column, erected in 1896 to celebrate 25 years of peace since the Franco-Prussian War of 1870/71. The small temple at the foot of the column depicts German and Bavarian rulers. The angel took a nose-dive in 1981 but was repaired. Bus 100 crosses the bridge.
 * Maximiliansanlagen is the park flanking the river, south of the Angel upstream to Maximiliansbrücke and Prater island, and north downstream to Max-Joseph-Brücke. You can't swim here as the river bank is too steep. Tram 37 runs a block or two inland along Ismaninger Straße.
 * Möhlstraße is the handsome street coursing north from Europaplatz by Villa Stuck to Montgelasstraße. It's a well-preserved ensemble of 30 mansions built at the end of the 19th century, and Munich's most expensive neighbourhood. Tram 37 runs a block further east.
 * at Versailler Straße 20 was built in 1922 when this parish separated from Haidhausen. It has an Italianate tower.
 * at Versailler Straße 20 was built in 1922 when this parish separated from Haidhausen. It has an Italianate tower.
 * at Versailler Straße 20 was built in 1922 when this parish separated from Haidhausen. It has an Italianate tower.
 * Üblacker-Häusl 200 m south of the museum at Preysingstraße 58 was a day-labourer's hostel and is run by the museum. It's open W Th 17:00-19:00, F Su 10:00-12:00.
 * (Tram: Max-Weber-Platz) is a hefty neo-Gothic RC church. It was mostly complete by 1858 with the towers added in 1870 - the west tower is 97 m tall. It was bombed in wartime but rebuilt.
 * on Kirchenstraße 39 is the 16th century building it replaced, still in use.
 * Potato Museum just south of Ostbahnhof has been closed since 2016, with no news on re-opening. So visitors continue to pass by unaware of the potato's profound contribution to artistic and cultural history, not least because it was all the artists could afford to eat.
 * Medienbrücke is the odd structure jutting out above Rosenheimer Straße on the IVG Business Park just north of the Observatory. It's an events venue.
 * is a charming 13th century church at Innere Wiener Straße 1. It served a leprosy hospital, long gone, and is nowadays a Ukrainian Orthodox church. The Loretto Chapel was added in 1678, demolished in 1820 then rebuilt.
 * Deutsche Museum fills the large river island reached by Ludwigsbrücke, but see Isarvorstadt for description.
 * (Tram 18: Mariahilfplatz) is a large redbrick neo-Gothic RC church. It's a rebuild of 1951, considerably altered from the 1830s original lost to bombing.
 * is a charming 13th century church at Innere Wiener Straße 1. It served a leprosy hospital, long gone, and is nowadays a Ukrainian Orthodox church. The Loretto Chapel was added in 1678, demolished in 1820 then rebuilt.
 * Deutsche Museum fills the large river island reached by Ludwigsbrücke, but see Isarvorstadt for description.
 * (Tram 18: Mariahilfplatz) is a large redbrick neo-Gothic RC church. It's a rebuild of 1951, considerably altered from the 1830s original lost to bombing.
 * (Tram 18: Mariahilfplatz) is a large redbrick neo-Gothic RC church. It's a rebuild of 1951, considerably altered from the 1830s original lost to bombing.
 * on Sachsenstraße is in full bloom in June and July. It's open daily to 21:00, free.
 * Flaucher south of the rose garden is an extensive park along the banks and river islands of the Isar, see Munich/South-West.
 * at Friedenstraße 40 is the city council's technical and engineering department. So you can only go within on business, but the striking 63 m high glass and steel exterior is worth a look. The public can also enter the "Courtyard in the Wind", as draughty as it promises, where a wind turbine slowly rotates a disc.
 * on Dingolfinger Straße (S- & U-Bahn: Ostbahnhof) are five pairs of high rises joined by bridges. They're corporate offices.
 * at Friedenstraße 40 is the city council's technical and engineering department. So you can only go within on business, but the striking 63 m high glass and steel exterior is worth a look. The public can also enter the "Courtyard in the Wind", as draughty as it promises, where a wind turbine slowly rotates a disc.
 * on Dingolfinger Straße (S- & U-Bahn: Ostbahnhof) are five pairs of high rises joined by bridges. They're corporate offices.

Do

 * Cinema: Museum Lichtspiele shows movies in their original language version. It's on Lillienstraße, by the foot of Rosenheimer Straße.
 * (Tram 17: Eduard-Schmid-Straße) is the riverside park between Reichenbachbrücke and Wittelsbacherbrücke.
 * (Tram 17: Eduard-Schmid-Straße) is the riverside park between Reichenbachbrücke and Wittelsbacherbrücke.
 * (Tram 17: Eduard-Schmid-Straße) is the riverside park between Reichenbachbrücke and Wittelsbacherbrücke.
 * Football: TSV 1860 München play soccer in 3. Liga, Germany's third tier. Their home ground is Grünwalder Stadion (capacity 15,000) near U-Bahn Candidplatz (U1, U2, U7, U8) - this doesn't meet the stadium requirements of higher tiers so TSV would have to move grounds if promoted. They can only dream of the days when they used to play at Allianz Arena in the north of the city.
 * Football: TSV 1860 München play soccer in 3. Liga, Germany's third tier. Their home ground is Grünwalder Stadion (capacity 15,000) near U-Bahn Candidplatz (U1, U2, U7, U8) - this doesn't meet the stadium requirements of higher tiers so TSV would have to move grounds if promoted. They can only dream of the days when they used to play at Allianz Arena in the north of the city.

Events

 * Nockherberg strong beer festival (Salvator-Ausschank auf dem Nockherberg) is held at the Paulaner-Nockherberg beer garden (see below) in Lent, usually over 17 days from mid-March. The Paulaner monks brewed a stronger beer during Lent when their diet was meagre, originally at Neudeck across the river. The event moved here in 1861 when Paulaner Brewery bought the site from banker Georg Nochher, who gave his name to the Nockherberg, a 535 m hill overlooking the Isar. Beer is served M-F 14:00-22:30, Sa Su 11:00-22:30. You won't last a fraction of that time, clue's in the name "strong beer".
 * Auer Dult is a market and funfair held three times a year in the square at the foot of Mariahilfkirche. Each fair lasts nine days: Maidult starts on the first Saturday of May, Jakobidult starts on the Saturday after the feast of St James late July to early August, and Kirchweihdult is mid-Oct around the church foundation day, also called Kirchweih or Kermesse. The market is particularly noted for crockery.
 * Haidhauser Weihnachtsmarkt is a Christmas Market held on Weißenburger Platz (100 m east of S- & U-Bahn: Rosenheimer Platz). It's daily from 28 Nov to 24 Dec.

Clubs

 * Ampere is a smaller venue within Muffatwerk staging indie rock concerts.
 * is a vast culture and entertainment complex on the southeast flank of Ostbahnhof. Set up in 1996 on an industrial brownfield site, it was originally called KPO - "Kunstpark Ost". The area is home to several concert halls, theaters, clubs, live music venues, bars, studios, a container village, art workshops, sports facilities and a radio station. Principal venues within the complex include the TonHalle at Atelierstraße 24, the Technikum and the WERK7 at Speicherstraße, as well as the Container Collective art center at Atelierstraße 4.
 * Ampere is a smaller venue within Muffatwerk staging indie rock concerts.
 * is a vast culture and entertainment complex on the southeast flank of Ostbahnhof. Set up in 1996 on an industrial brownfield site, it was originally called KPO - "Kunstpark Ost". The area is home to several concert halls, theaters, clubs, live music venues, bars, studios, a container village, art workshops, sports facilities and a radio station. Principal venues within the complex include the TonHalle at Atelierstraße 24, the Technikum and the WERK7 at Speicherstraße, as well as the Container Collective art center at Atelierstraße 4.
 * Ampere is a smaller venue within Muffatwerk staging indie rock concerts.
 * is a vast culture and entertainment complex on the southeast flank of Ostbahnhof. Set up in 1996 on an industrial brownfield site, it was originally called KPO - "Kunstpark Ost". The area is home to several concert halls, theaters, clubs, live music venues, bars, studios, a container village, art workshops, sports facilities and a radio station. Principal venues within the complex include the TonHalle at Atelierstraße 24, the Technikum and the WERK7 at Speicherstraße, as well as the Container Collective art center at Atelierstraße 4.
 * Ampere is a smaller venue within Muffatwerk staging indie rock concerts.
 * is a vast culture and entertainment complex on the southeast flank of Ostbahnhof. Set up in 1996 on an industrial brownfield site, it was originally called KPO - "Kunstpark Ost". The area is home to several concert halls, theaters, clubs, live music venues, bars, studios, a container village, art workshops, sports facilities and a radio station. Principal venues within the complex include the TonHalle at Atelierstraße 24, the Technikum and the WERK7 at Speicherstraße, as well as the Container Collective art center at Atelierstraße 4.

Connect
As of Oct 2022, the entire city has 5G from all German carriers. Wifi (in German "WLAN") is widely available in public places and on transport.

Go next

 * Altstadt starts just west, the city's delightful medieval core.
 * Ludwigsvorstadt southwest has the Deutsche Museum of science and technology. Oktoberfest is held on Theresienwiese.
 * Eastern Munich has the zoo and Messe the trade fair halls.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Munich/Haidhausen


text:
Munising

Munising is a small city in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, on the southern shore of Lake Superior.

Do

 * Chapel Beach: Secluded white sand beach (three mile hike to reach) that has gorgeous sunsets. The hike from Chapel Beach to Mosquito Beach offers amazing views of the Pictured Rock landscape. Be careful: there are no guardrails and a fall will most definitely be fatal.

title: Munising


text:
Munnar

Munnar is a hill station in the Indian state of Kerala. Tourists come here to see the vast tea plantations of the area. The town is typically Indian with the usual shops, guest houses and is really beautiful and traditional. It is a good place to see the surrounding countryside. It is also a popular place for Indian honeymooners.

Understand
Munnar is a beautiful hill station, and was a summer resort for the British during the British Raj.

The town is divided into two parts: Old Munnar, where the tourist information office is, and Munnar, where the bus station and most guest houses are located.

The region in and around Munnar varies in height from to 2,695 m (8,842 ft) above mean sea level. It is pronounced "Moon-aar" short for "moonu aar" meaning 3 rivers. Three rivers - Madupetti, Nallathanni and Periavaru — flow through this town, but join some distance away from Munnar.

Munnar is famous for its tea plantations, many of them started by the British. The "Kannan Devan" brand of tea from the Tata is cultivated and processed here.

The strobilanthus ("neelakurinji" in Malayalam, the local language), a blue flower which blooms only every 12 years, is found in this region. It last bloomed from August to October 2018. The Eravikulam National Park is the main Neelakurinji flowering area and the number of tourists allowed in the park during the blooming period was limited to 2,750 a day. Munnar also has the highest peak in South India, Anamudi, at 2,695 m.

Eravikulam National Park is one of the main tourist attractions, where you can find the endangered species of Nilgiri Tahr (mountain goat called "varayadu" in Malayalam). A trek to Rajamala ("King of hills" in Malayalam), in the morning is sure to spot a few friendly mountain goats. You can also find gaur, langur, lion-tailed macaque, and elephants depending on the season and time of travel. The altitude is 1,600 m- 2,000 m above sea level.

Climate
The season between October and March (post-monsoon) is considered the best to visit Munnar. Take some warm clothes and rain coats along with you. The temperature ranges from 14 to 25 degrees during summer, and 7 to 17degrees in winter. The atmosphere remains cool and pleasant throughout the year.

Talk
Malayalam and Tamil are the main languages spoken here. Visitors often feel uncomfortable while talking with local people as they only talk in regional language. However, you can manage with English as people are highly educated here and they often communicate in English.

By plane
Cochin International Airport, also known as Nedumbassery Airport. It is approximately 125 km away from the Munnar by road. Taxi services are easily available from airport to Munnar that cost around ₹3000. Cochin International airport is nicely connected to metropolitan cities of India and some other cities abroad.

Madurai Airport is more than 175 km from Munnar (by National Highway 49) and second largest terminal in Tamil Nadu after Chennai airport. The airport has direct connectivity with major Indian cities like Hyderabad, New Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore and Chennai.

By train
The nearest railway station is Aluva, 110 km. Ernakulam is 130 km and Madurai is 135 km. Angamali Railway Station is another nearest rail-head to reach Munnar.

From all these railway stations, you can get direct regular buses to Munnar. First Bus starts at early morning 6AM and after that those are available at regular intervals. Apart from buses, you can easily get private taxis or cabs from all the railway stations. They charge around ₹150 per person if you opt for shared taxis.

By car

 * From Kochi: Munnar is 130 km (3.5 hr) from Kochi. The road is blind in some places and there are a lot of trucks and buses that seem to drive as if they own the road. Although the road is smooth (NH 49), it is narrow, twisty and curvy. Kothamangalam is on the way and is 80 km away from Munnar. Between Kothamangalam and next town "Adimali", you can experience a beautiful cool drive through a natural forest. Alongside, you can see many refreshing waterfalls. Once you reach Adimali, Munnar is just 30 kilometres away - but it will take almost an hour to reach. This is the last place where you can spot a decent restaurant before Munnar. Around 22 km from Adimali, you can start seeing the tea plantations on both sides of the road and a panoramic view of the western ghats. The view is extremely beautiful during the early mornings.
 * From Aluva: Aluva is nearly 110 km from Munnar. Just outside Aluva railway station you can hire a taxi for Munnar for ₹2000. There is a bus stand nearby as well which operates frequent buses to Munnar; ticket prices start from ₹70 per person.
 * From Madurai: Munnar is about 135 km from Madurai and 80 km from Theni. Madurai - Theni - Bodi - BodiMettu-Devikulam - Munnar route is the most scenic route by National Highway 49(Via Madurai-Cochin HighWay).
 * From Coimbatore: Munnar is about 160 km from Coimbatore and 120 km from Pollachi. Coimbatore - Pollachi - Udumalpet - Chinnar - Marayoor - Munnar route is the most scenic route and though it will take bit longer, it is generally considered worth the extra time spent.
 * From Kodaikanal: Kodaikanal is nearly 170 km from Munnar. Kodaikanal - Perumal Malai - Mayiladum Parai - Mooliyaru - Oothu - Falls View - Ganguvarpetty - Ghat Road - Periya Kulam - Theni - Bodi - Bodimettu - Devikulam - Munnar. This route is also scenic.

Distances from Munnar to various cities:

 * Cochin - 130 km
 * Madurai - 135 km
 * Aluva - 110 km
 * Alleppey - 180 km
 * Kumarakom - 140 km
 * Thekkady - 106 km
 * Pollachi - 120 km
 * Coimbatore - 160 km
 * Thrissur -154.5 km

The road to Munnar is narrow with lots of bends and curves. Hire a taxi or a driver with local experience if you are not familiar with similar conditions

By bus
Munnar bus station is on the main street, Main Bazaar.

 * Kochi - Takes around 4 hours (departure from Ernakulam KSRTC bus stand at CP Ummer Road, ₹160). Buses leave several times a day.
 * Aluva - Nearest bus station to the Cochin International Airport. About 4 hrs uphill to Munnar, and 3-3.5 hrs downhill. Ticket price is around ₹70 one-way for a government-operated bus, up to ₹150 for a privately operated bus.

Note that most buses have boards in Malayalam and not English. At Aluva, there are no signs, schedules or dedicated bus bays for Munnar-bound buses; many of them briefly stop at Aluva en route from Kochi/ Ernakulam to Munnar. Check with a few locals every 15 minutes, or ask and hang around the bus info office, so they can point you to the right bus when it arrives.

There are also buses from Coimbatore and Pollachi.

Get around
Renting an auto-rickshaw to roam around the city costs ₹50 per hour. You can also rent a manual or automatic motorbike on a daily basis for ₹350/day.

See
Some of these sites are more popular for Indian tourists than Western tourists.

Mattuppetty Direction

Thekkady Direction

 * Signal Point is a view point from where the Munnar Valley can be seen. It is a nice relaxing place. This is otherwise called Cigarette Point, from the early days when junior managers of the plantation gathered to smoke there. From here one can see Chokarmudy Hill and Anamudy Hill.
 * Idly Hill View Point
 * Devikulam Sri Ayyappan Temple
 * Munnar Heritage Tour, Lockhart Tea Factory
 * Lockhart Tea Museum is a tourism destination which is giving a guided factory tour about orthodox tea manufacturing and can be visited their tea museum which briefs about the history of plantation.
 * Lockhart Tea Park
 * Chokarmudy Trekking
 * Thangaiah Cave
 * Lockhart Gap View Point
 * Periyakanel Water Falls
 * Anayirangal Dam / Boating Center

Coimbatore Direction

 * Marayoor - (Around 40 km from Munnar). It is the only place in Kerala with natural growth of sandalwood trees, natural caves with murals, and relics from late Stone Age civilisation. There is a sandalwood factory of the Forestry department of Kerala and a children's park extending across one hectare of land under the canopy of a single Banyan tree, all of which attract tourists in large numbers.
 * Marayoor - (Around 40 km from Munnar). It is the only place in Kerala with natural growth of sandalwood trees, natural caves with murals, and relics from late Stone Age civilisation. There is a sandalwood factory of the Forestry department of Kerala and a children's park extending across one hectare of land under the canopy of a single Banyan tree, all of which attract tourists in large numbers.
 * Marayoor - (Around 40 km from Munnar). It is the only place in Kerala with natural growth of sandalwood trees, natural caves with murals, and relics from late Stone Age civilisation. There is a sandalwood factory of the Forestry department of Kerala and a children's park extending across one hectare of land under the canopy of a single Banyan tree, all of which attract tourists in large numbers.
 * Marayoor - (Around 40 km from Munnar). It is the only place in Kerala with natural growth of sandalwood trees, natural caves with murals, and relics from late Stone Age civilisation. There is a sandalwood factory of the Forestry department of Kerala and a children's park extending across one hectare of land under the canopy of a single Banyan tree, all of which attract tourists in large numbers.
 * Marayoor - (Around 40 km from Munnar). It is the only place in Kerala with natural growth of sandalwood trees, natural caves with murals, and relics from late Stone Age civilisation. There is a sandalwood factory of the Forestry department of Kerala and a children's park extending across one hectare of land under the canopy of a single Banyan tree, all of which attract tourists in large numbers.

Other places to visit

 * Kalvarimount, Situated at a distance of 5 km from Idukki, it is one of the famous hill stations and one can see the view of the reservoir from Idukki to Ayyappancovil.
 * Kolukkumalai Tea Estate, At a height of about 2,175 m (7,130 ft), this orthodox tea factory lays claim to being one of the highest in the world. The view of the Western Ghats is absolutely enchanting.
 * Waterfalls, Check out several natural waterfalls on the way to Munnar. They provide an excellent place for photography.
 * Waterfalls, Check out several natural waterfalls on the way to Munnar. They provide an excellent place for photography.
 * Waterfalls, Check out several natural waterfalls on the way to Munnar. They provide an excellent place for photography.

Do

 * Boating, There are several places to go out for boating in Munnar. One can choose among paddle boats and speed boats to Kashmiri-Shikara. Young couples who travel to Munnar should not miss out on the beautiful 'Kashmiri-Shikara' boat ride. It is one of the most romantic experiences.
 * The Christ Church, in Old Munnar. The exteriors have worn out with time though the charming interiors still have a very nice ambiance. It was consecrated way back in 1910 and still has 14 original rows of pews. The first Catholic Church in the High Ranges was Mount Carmel Roman Catholic Church.
 * The High Range Club has a charming colonial style. The club house is built of wicker and teak and is the social hub for the tea planters of the region. Members enjoy lounging in the bar over Planter's Punch followed by a good meal, a game of billiards or reading a book in the library.
 * The High Range Club has a charming colonial style. The club house is built of wicker and teak and is the social hub for the tea planters of the region. Members enjoy lounging in the bar over Planter's Punch followed by a good meal, a game of billiards or reading a book in the library.
 * The High Range Club has a charming colonial style. The club house is built of wicker and teak and is the social hub for the tea planters of the region. Members enjoy lounging in the bar over Planter's Punch followed by a good meal, a game of billiards or reading a book in the library.

 * Munnar Supply Association (MSA), Set up in 1900, this is another nostalgic landmark worth visiting in Munnar. It is the oldest department store in the area and has been re-inventing itself to stay relevant and popular. The store was run by tea planters, who still manage its affairs. The MSA is a red brick, red tiled building with gables, buttresses and a porch and is now a heritage site.
 * Rock Climbing and Rappelling, Munnar has a steep rock face about 30 m (100 ft).
 * Walk in the Clouds, Trek to your heart's content while the clouds slowly descend upon you.
 * Walk in the Clouds, Trek to your heart's content while the clouds slowly descend upon you.

Buy
The best things to buy are tea, coffee, spices like cinnamon, cloves, cardamom and pepper and definitely home made chocolates.

Eat
Kerala is famous for Fish Curry. For snacks, one should try local spicy cashew nut, chilly bhaji with hot tea as they are a traditional snack and makes good combination in cold weather.

 * Bamboo Hut, G.H. Road. Wide range of food for reasonable prices, although service can be a bit slow. Also, the place usually has Western music (from Bob Dylan to electronic chill-out sound).
 * Non-veg food, Eating non-vegetarian food in Kerala is perceived as a pain due to cooking in coconut oil etc. But this is not the case in Munnar's ""Guru's Restaurant"" which cooks delicious tandoori chicken and all things North Indian. Recommended for all those who miss their north-Indian cuisine and cannot put up with idlyappam and all those items.
 * Saravana Bhavan, Right at the heart of town and one of the most inexpensive places to eat. The service here is quick and the food is absolutely delicious. You might have to share your table with others. This place provides South Indian dishes, served on a banana leaf.
 * Saravana Bhavan, Right at the heart of town and one of the most inexpensive places to eat. The service here is quick and the food is absolutely delicious. You might have to share your table with others. This place provides South Indian dishes, served on a banana leaf.

Munnar has some amazing street food (try the Gobi noodles), so if you are after a cheap and delicious meal check the area around the bus stand in Munnar (not the KSRTC bus stand in Old Munnar).

Drink
Fresh tea, coffee and milk is available at most places. Hard and soft drink are also available at fair number of shops.

Packed grapes and mixed fruit juice is also available at few places.

Mid-range

 *  The Siena Village, Chinnakkanal, (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar).
 *  The Siena Village, Chinnakkanal, (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar).
 *  The Siena Village, Chinnakkanal, (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar).
 *  The Siena Village, Chinnakkanal, (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar).
 *  The Siena Village, Chinnakkanal, (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar).
 *  The Siena Village, Chinnakkanal, (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar).
 *  The Siena Village, Chinnakkanal, (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar).
 *  The Siena Village, Chinnakkanal, (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar).
 *  The Siena Village, Chinnakkanal, (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar).
 *  The Siena Village, Chinnakkanal, (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar).
 *  The Siena Village, Chinnakkanal, (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar).
 *  The Siena Village, Chinnakkanal, (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar).
 *  The Siena Village, Chinnakkanal, (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar).
 *  The Siena Village, Chinnakkanal, (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar).
 *  The Siena Village, Chinnakkanal, (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar).
 *  The Siena Village, Chinnakkanal, (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar).
 *  The Siena Village, Chinnakkanal, (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar).

Splurge

 *  Club Mahindra Lakeview Resort, Chinnakkanal. (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar),.
 * Mountain Club, Chinnakkanal (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar)
 *  Siena Village, Chinnakkanal (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar)
 *  Club Mahindra Lakeview Resort, Chinnakkanal. (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar),.
 * Mountain Club, Chinnakkanal (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar)
 *  Siena Village, Chinnakkanal (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar)
 * Mountain Club, Chinnakkanal (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar)
 *  Siena Village, Chinnakkanal (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar)
 *  Siena Village, Chinnakkanal (20 km from Munnar Town on the way to Thekkady/Periyar)

Stay safe
Hill stations tend to get dark rather early, so be sure to carry a torch or flashlight.

Though Munnar is safe compared to other big cities, it doesn’t mean that mishaps and accidents don’t occur. Visitors should look after their personal belongings, as theft may occur sometimes.

If you are participating in some outdoor activities, injuries or accidents may happen. In order to avoid any hospital expenses, make sure to cover yourself with adequate travel insurance.

The roads in Munnar are bit risky and accidents may occur frequently. Sometimes, even experienced drivers struggle to ride on these roads. So, if you are novice driver, don't drive on these roads. Also, if you are descending Munnar, make sure that you start early. Otherwise, the misty fog will blind your drive. It is safe to start back by 4 o'clock from Top Station.

Go next

 * Coimbatore - Being the industrial city of Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore is often called as a Manchester of Southern India. Headquarters of many reputed and big companies are located here.
 * Eravikulam National Park - It is spread over the area of 97 km2 and situated along the crest of Western Ghats in ranges of Idukki district, Kerala. Eravikulam National Park holds the highly dense population of Nilgiri Tahr.
 * Kodaikanal Munnar - Devikulam - Bodimettu - Bodi - Theni - Periya Kulam - Ghat Road - Ganguvarpetty - Falls View - Oothu - Mooliyaru - Machoor - Mayiladum Parai - Perumal Malai - Kodaikanal - approx 170 km.
 * Kovalam - Hawa beach, Kovalam Bech, Light house beach and Samudra Beach are what make Kovalam an amazing place. It is also popular for Ayurvedic massage and possesses multiple yoga resorts.
 * Madurai - Located on the bank of Vaigai River, Madurai is temple town of India. The town has mythological history and cultural heritage to be passed on for coming generations.
 * Mattupetty - Mattupetty houses plenty of fascinating places to relish. Apart from rolling grasslands and lush green tea plantations, Shola forest of Mattupetty is habitat of range of birds. It is also an ideal spot for trekking.
 * Palani - It hosts the temple of lord Kartikeya which is visited by over 7 million devotees every year. Today, Palani is a major pilgrim centre in South India after Sabarimalai and Tirupathy.
 * Pollachi - It is nearest town to the very famous ‘Indira Gandhi National Park’. Coconuts are exported to all over India from this small town and hence it is known as ‘Coconut City’.
 * Thekkady - Well known as a tiger reserve, Thekkady is one of the famous tourist attractions in Kerala. Visitors from different corners of India come here to get a rare view of Tiger.

title: Munnar


text:
Munster

There is more than one place called Munster or Münster:

Ireland

 * Munster - A historical province of Ireland.

Germany

 * Münster - A city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
 * Munster (Lower Saxony) - a town in Lower Saxony, Germany.

United States of America

 * Munster (Indiana) - a town in Lake County (Indiana)

title: Munster


text:
Munster (Indiana)

Munster is in Lake County, Indiana. Today Munster is a quiet town that is in the midst of continual growth. The town is excellent at planning and has developed an award winning school system. Despite growing larger and larger everyday, Munster has a small-town friendly demeanor and one is always welcomed with a genuine interest.

Understand
Munster was designated as a town in 1907. Settled and established in 1845 by the Brass family when they built a two-story inn and tavern, Munster became very popular soon after in 1853 as a place for truck farms because of the growing market in the near-by Chicago. Munster began to grow as a community and grew in skilled worker men such as oil men, steel workers, and businessmen from the city.

By plane

 * Lansing Municipal Airport, 18200 Chicago Ave, Lansing, Illinois
 * Midway International Airport, 5600 S Cicero Ave, Chicago, Illinois
 * O'Hare International Airport, tel: +1 773-686-3700, email: aviation@Ohare.com
 * Gary Chicago International Airport, 6001 W. Industrial Highway, Gary, Indiana, tel: +1 219-949-9722, +1 219-949-4925; email: information@gyymail.com

By train

 * South Shore Line

Get around
It is best to get around by car, but there are taxi services available.

 * Classic Taxi, 862 Kennedy Ave., Schererville, Indiana. Tel: +1 219-322-8758. Accepts Visa, Mastercard, Discovery, and American Express.

Connect
Town Hall 1005 Ridge Road, tel: +1 219-836-6900

Go next
Use Tristate Highway I80 to 294; remember the spilt past Terrence Ave for 80/94 up through Chicago.

title: Munster (Indiana)


text:
Munster (Lower Saxony)

Munster is a town of 15,000 people (2020) in the Lüneburg Heath of northern Germany on the River Örtze. Munster is in the middle of the triangle of the cities of Hamburg, Bremen and Hanover. All three cities can be reached in less than 1 hour. The town centre is very clean and modern with plenty of opportunities to visit coffee shops and cafes as well as the local market open at weekends.

Understand
The town is home to the German Army's largest garrison and is situated between the two training areas of Munster North and Munster South. Munster has been closely associated with the military for over 100 years. However the use of this area as a training ground goes back to 1893. The Munster military training areas, represent nearly 50% of the city's total area, are reserved for military use. Due to the restricted areas, many rare species and habitats can be found in this region. The region's populations of rare species have been previously drawn upon to restore populations in other regions where such species are endangered.

The Bundeswehr's Research Institute for Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Warfare Defence is located in Munster. In 1916, the German Empire opened Gasplatz Breloh ("Breloh Gas Facility"), an area dedicated to research in and production of chemical weapons. In 1935, the Third Reich reopened the site as an experimental research and production area for chemical ammunitions under the name Heeresnebelfüllstelle Raubkammer ("Army fog-filling plant, Raubkammer"), "fog" being used as a cover for chemical agents. During World War II, large quantities of sulphur mustard gas and the nerve agent were produced here. At the end of the war, Germany had a continuous production line for GB ready to go online; this plant was dismantled by the British Occupation Forces and later shipped to Porton Down, Great Britain.

The close relationship between the civil and the military circles is symbolized by the bronze statue of Lili Marleen. She and her soldier have been greeting all visitors for more than twenty years from their point of welcome beside the town gate leading to the centre of Munster. Thousands of visitors each year are attracted to the German Tank Museum. In Munster there is a wide range of hotels, holiday apartments and a 4-star camping site. There are several restaurants and guesthouses offering ranges of food. There is plenty of free parking available.

By plane
Munster is situated little more than 1 hours driving time from the 3 International Airports of Hamburg, Bremen and Hanover

Hannover airport is 107 km from Munster. The international airport has regular flights from all over the world with services from most European capitals and major cities. The airport is 11 km north of Hanover centre and has easy access to the autobahn. It is the ninth largest airport in Germany and is one of very few German airports which are open 24 hours a day, although there are very few flights between 23:00 and 04:00. Munster Oertze is approximately 107 km from Hanover airport with an estimated driving time of 75 minutes. Hanover airport is also accessible by a combination of trains, buses and taxis.

There is also an international airport at Bremen which has many of the budget airlines operating regular flights to most European countries. The airport is located close to the city centre and there is a tram which departs every 5 to 10 minutes (on Sunday evenings up to 30 min) to Bremen city centre and the journey takes 11 minutes and costs €2.30. This airport is close to the autobahn links but is 124 km and a 85-minute journey to Munster

Hamburg is the nearest international airport to Munster. It is about 8 km north of the city centre and is the fifth busiest airport in Germany. There is good road access and connections to the Hamburg S-Bahn system which connect with the main Bahnhof in Hamburg city centre. The airport is 89 km away from Celle and will take approximately 1 hour and 5 minutes by car.

By train
Today regional trains work the line from Bremen via Soltau to Uelzen. Long distance trains (IC) trains only run on Fridays and Sundays from Berlin and are geared predominantly to commuting Bundeswehr soldiers.

By train use the rail line No 116 Bremen - Uelzen indicated in the railway guide and alighting from the train at the Munster (Oertze) Station.

By car
Munster lies on the B71 federal road between Soltau and Uelzen, not far from the A 7 motorway. You can reach Munster by car via the A7 Hanover - Hamburg motorway taking the exit "Soltau Ost" and following the through road B71 to Munster. Munster is well sign posted from all directions leading to the town centre and car parks.

Access from Hanover centre would be via the A7 (North) taking the exit "Soltau Ost" and following the through road B71 to Munster. The journey is 107 km and will take approx 75 min.

Driving from Bremen (from a westerly direction) will be on the autobahn A27 which connects to the A7 to the south-east of Walsrode. The A7 runs north taking the exit "Soltau Ost" and following the through road B71 to Munster. Driving distance is 124 km and will take approx 85 min.

Travelling from the north (Hamburg) is also via the route A7 taking the exit "Soltau Ost" and following the through road B71 to Munster. The jouorney distance is 85 km and will take 65 min.

Get around
The town is small and it is quite easy to walk from most of the car parks. There is plenty of opportunity for cycling in the area but there is no public transport. Taxis available from Taxi Bormann at Lindenstraße 23, Tel:

Buy
Munster has a full range of shops should any items be required during your visit. There is a market on Saturdays. There is a whole range of cafes and coffee shops so there is no need to be hungry or thirsty.

Mid-range

Connect
For internet cafes you will need to travel to some of the larger towns such as Soltau, however a number of the hotels have Wifi availability if you are a resident. Mobile phone coverage is good for the main providers, Vodafone and D1 (Deutsche Telekom)and O2.

Go next

 * Hannover is the capital of Lower Saxony, hosting many cultural events, annual commercial expositions such as the Hanover Fair and the CeBIT. Every year Hanover hosts the Schützenfest Hannover, the world's largest Marksmen's Fun Fair, and the Oktoberfest Hannover, which is the second largest Oktoberfest in the world.
 * Hamburg is Germany's second city and largest port. It is around 40 minutes away on the A7/A1 motorways.
 * Bremen is home to the world famous Town Musicians, puts itself on the map as the pulsating, multifaceted heart of North West Germany. A popular hive of heritage, science, high technology and space industry keeps up breathtakingly pacy innovations. A commercial and industrial city with a major port on the river Weser.
 * Celle is lined with half-timbered houses, most of them built in the 16th century. There are a lot of excellent shops in the pedestrian precinct.
 * Walsrode Bird Park Located in Walsrode about ½ hour away, is the largest bird park in the world and suitable for all ages.
 * Serengeti Park, not far from Walsrode, is the largest safari park in Europe and a must for families.
 * Soltau Therme, Thermal baths that offer swimming both in and outdoor, sauna, general wellness including cosmetics, massages and general therapy as well a restaurant.
 * Heide Park,Heide Park is a theme park in Soltau, Lower Saxony. With an overall area of over 850,000 m², it is one of the largest amusement parks and the biggest in Northern Germany.
 * Timmerdorfer Strand, Timmerdorfer Strand has everything to offer. Sandy beaches, lifestyle, culture, hotels, bars, nightlife and a multitude of events hosted throughout the year.
 * Dinosaur Park, 130 million years ago, huge herds of dinosaurs roamed the countryside around the Steinhuder Sea. The footprints of these huge creatures can be found right here in the park.

title: Munster (Lower Saxony)


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Munsyari

Munsyari or Munsiari is a city in Pithoragarh region of Uttarakhand.

Get in
Munsiyari is 300km north of Nainital. It can be reached using hired taxis and buses from Nainital and Almora. There are 4 different routes to reach Munsiyari from Almora.

 * Almora - Bageshwar - Chaukori - Thal
 * Almora - Bageshwar - Kapkot - Tejam
 * Almora - Seraghat - Udiyari Bend
 * Almora - Pithoragarh - Udiyari Bend

The third route from Almora to the Udiyari bend and then to Munsiyari is the most scenic, as it runs through part of the Binsar wildlife sanctuary (which it itself is a great holiday destination).

Get around
Munsiyari lies in the foothills of the Panchachuli peaks (22600 feet) and is the last town enroute to these peaks and the other treks to glaciers around these peaks.

See

The Uttarakhand Government has allowed construction of Hydro Power projects in the valley. NTPC is going to construct new power project 261MW in the Goriganga River near Patou and Basantkot Gram Sabhas.
 * Tulip Garden, Nature Education, and Eco Park Center is spread over 30 hectares. Winter is the best time to visit the garden.
 * Tulip Garden, Nature Education, and Eco Park Center is spread over 30 hectares. Winter is the best time to visit the garden.

Do

 * Trekking towards Milam and Ralam Glacier: This will help you to explore the 14 Malla Johar villages starting after Mapang Valley.

Buy

 * Local Winter wear made by the Bhotia women with Sheep's wool and Rabbit's Wool.
 * Organic Potatoes.
 * Near Sevila, one can find and buy organic Oranges, Cucumbers and other fruit.
 * One can buy wonderful handwoven carpets in the Munsiyari Market. This will support the economic development of the local women and men.
 * One can buy Himalayan tree saplings from near by Nurseries for your home, garden and lawn.

Eat

 * Kukla Local dish made on flour.
 * Bhuta Aalu Local aalu fried with dhungar (local herb).

Drink

 * 'Fav Drink is Jya with Khaja.' bhumal (Fried rice)

Sleep

 * Tourist Rest House KMVN (Kumaon Mandal Vikas Nigam), Munsayari

title: Munsyari


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Muntenia

Muntenia is a region in southern Romania.

Cities

 * (București) – Romania's capital city

title: Muntenia


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Muntinlupa

Muntinlupa is a city in Metro Manila, Philippines. Muntinlupa features two affluent business districts, Filinvest City and Ayala Alabang, but it is easy to be overwhelmed by the noisy sprawl around and miss some other hidden attractions. Just like other similar cities around Metro Manila, Muntinlupa incorporates old and new.

Understand

Muntinlupa is a typical bedroom community within Metro Manila, and the majority of its population head for Manila to work. The city was once an agricultural municipality along the western shores of Laguna de Bay, but after the construction of the South Luzon Expressway, it suddenly grew as industries moved here and many residential subdivisions are constructed on agricultural land. The development of Filinvest City and Ayala Alabang made it another central business district of Metro Manila. Muntinlupa today forms the large urban sprawl of greater Manila, and also full of contrasts, having a gritty and a sterile side.

While Filinvest City and Ayala Alabang, two central business districts, provides a sense of modernity and prosperity for the city, the rest of Muntinlupa is an ordinary Philippine city, a concrete jungle full of congestion, noise, and poverty. National Road and Alabang–Zapote Road, the city's main thoroughfares, are perennially congested surface roads, compounded by uncontrolled growth that left Muntinlupa without a planned arterial road and public transportation network. Outside of Filinvest City and Ayala Alabang, which are planned from the start, Muntinlupa is sprawling like its neighboring cities within the metro, save for areas around the New Bilibid Prison and the southwest edge of the city. Gentrification has made inroads on Muntinlupa's low to middle-class barangays, and their effects are yet to be seen.

History
What is now Muntinlupa was once a municipality of the province of Rizal. The etymology of the name Muntinlupa is obscure, but there are numerous folk theories for the name, the most known being the Spanish transcription of Tagalog munti sa lupa.

The lands where Muntinlupa lies are from friar lands back to the days the Spanish arrived and explored the shores of Laguna de Bay. Spanish authorities took ownership in 1869, when the barrios of Alabang, Tunasan, Cupang, and Sucat were grouped together. The current city was incorporated as a municipality in 1903 and became part of Laguna, but the local government protested and in 1905, Muntinlupa returned to Rizal. In 1941, the national penitentiary, the New Bilibid Prison opened in the hilly area of the municipality. Under the Marcos administration, Muntinlupa was included in Metro Manila. Since the opening of the South Luzon Expressway in 1969, the municipality began to shift from agriculture to business and industry, and the population doubled as migrants from other parts of the Philippines moved there. On 1995, Muntinlupa has gained city status.

By bus
There are no longer provincial buses that terminate at Alabang. Buses terminate at either the Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange or Santa Rosa Integrated Terminal. Both terminals have connections to local buses and jeepneys, which are detailed below.

City buses

Metro Manila's redesigned city bus network is more complex, but with PNR commuter trains in limited supply, a more faster way of reaching Muntinlupa is by bus. All routes would terminate or pass through Alabang.

 * Route 14 Ayala Center-Alabang goes from Ayala Center in Makati to Alabang via SLEX (or South Superhighway), with the Alabang-bound service running clockwise. This is useful if coming from the north or from Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA).
 * Route 24 PITX-Alabang runs from the Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange (PITX) in Parañaque, through the Manila-Cavite Expressway (CAVITEX or Coastal Road), and Las Piñas. Also comes in handy if coming from NAIA, but is slower as it makes many stops at Las Piñas.
 * Route 25 BGC-Alabang connects Bonifacio Global City with the terminal at Starmall, with stops along C-5 and exits of the South Superhighway.
 * From the south, Route 15 Ayala-Biñan provides service between Biñan in Laguna and Makati through SLEX and the older National Road. It also overlaps with Route 14 so it also serves as an alternative to the said route if coming from the north.

City buses either use two of these two terminals:

Airport bus
There are also Airport Loop service reaching Alabang from Ninoy Aquino International Airport; all terminate at the HM Transport terminal south of the government-owned bus terminal beside Starmall Alabang. The one-way fare is around ; Beep cards are accepted as payment, in addition to the usual cash fare.

Point-to-point (P2P) buses
Point-to-point (P2P) express buses also serve Muntinlupa. Fares are twice as the jeepney or city bus, but worth the comfort, with newer, wheelchair-accessible, low-floor buses. Beep cards are also accepted in addition to the usual cash fare.
 * RRCG Transport operates P2P services to or  from Greenbelt.  one-way ( for seniors and people with disabilities).
 * MetroExpress Connect has services to from Bacoor (Vista Mall Daang Hari) and Dasmariñas (Savemore Salawag) in Cavite, via Daang Hari.  one-way ( for seniors and people with disabilities).

By car

The South Luzon Expressway passes through Alabang, with three exits, Sucat, Alabang, Filinvest and Susana Heights/MCX. You may also take the Skyway, which terminates at Alabang. From Cavite, you may take the Daang Hari and/or Muntinlupa—Cavite Expressway (MCX)

Express services
There are a handful of express jeepney services to Muntinlupa, arriving at Alabang. These make less stops than services using surface roads and service frequency is about 30 minutes.
 * Route 411 Alabang-Calamba — Runs from SM City Calamba to Alabang via SLEX, using modern, air-conditioned jeepneys.
 * T419 Alabang-Balibago - Express service from Target Mall in Santa Rosa to South Station..
 * T422 Alabang-GMA via SLEX – Express service via Carmona or Susana Heights Exit.
 * Alabang-Pasay Rotonda – Service from Pasay via South Luzon Expressway (South Superhighway or SSH).

By train

Philippine National Railways (PNR) operates regular commuter rail service to, but the trains can get uncomfortable during midday and rush hours.

From Laguna, PNR also operates 3 trains running from IRRI in Los Baños to Alabang station.

By jeepney
You may also take a jeepney to reach Muntinlupa, but are rather slower than buses, as they have more flexible stops (when passengers request). All jeepney routes in Muntinlupa originate from the transport hub of Alabang, where jeepneys come and go.

Key destinations, usually referred by landmarks (see Philippines), are as follows. Boldface indicates those visible on the front signage:
 * Bayanan (at National Road cor. Bautista Street)
 * Summitville
 * Muntinlupa City Hall, or Munisipyo (in front of Medical Center Muntinlupa)
 * Poblacion, or Bayan
 * Susana Heights
 * SM Center Muntinlupa, or simply SM (some jeepneys terminate here)
 * Tunasan (near the Tunasan People's Market at KM 30 National Road)
 * RMT (just past St. Peregrine Laziosi Parish and Lyceum of Alabang)

If you board express service jeepneys using SLEX, they will exit at Filinvest City, and you will either get down at Festival Alabang (south wing) or South Station. Jeepney fares are at to any destination in the city due to its sheer size, but a trip on one plying National Road can last 30 minutes due to perennial congestion. Routes can be seen on the front and sides of the vehicle.

Filinvest City operates electric jeepneys around key destinations on Alabang.

By car
Muntinlupa's major thoroughfares are limited the National Road (Route 1) and Alabang—Zapote Road (Rouye 411), national roads, but are considered surface streets over the controlled-access and tolled SLEZ. SLEX's East and West service roads (both unnumbered) and M.L. Quezon Avenue (Route 142) serves areas north of Alabang, but are narrow and congested, making SLEX the better way around. The city's overall road network is rather poor, due to the radial growth and a lot of side streets and blind corners just worsens the plight of those four roads.

Perhaps, except in Filinvest City or Ayala Alabang, which are relatively car-dependent due to many well-to-do locals there, driving in Muntinlupa is nerve-racking, just like the rest of Metro Manila. As with the rest of Metro Manila, prepare to deal with the many aggressive driving behaviors you may find in the rest of the Philippines, such as motorcycles cutting through you. The numerous shopping malls in the city make it encouraging to drive, but expect costly parking fees (the exception is in SM Center Muntinlupa, where parking has been always free). Elsewhere, parking is scarce, and use public transport instead. Also be aware of the United Vehicle Volume Reduction Program or the "color coding" scheme when driving in Alabang.

By taxi or ride sharing
Taxis or ride-sharing are also available as another option when you want the comfort of car travel. Just find the lines or the booths outside the major malls.

By tricycle
Tricycles are generally used to access areas not served by jeepneys. Pedicabs, a foot-driven version, are used in some barangays, like in Alabang. Tricycle (or pedicab) terminals can be found in major street corners, outside subdivisions, and also at South Station (just next to the jeepneys). Tricycles, however, rarely serve the affluent areas, and they are banned from using the major highways legally, though they still use them due to a lack of alternative routes owing to the city's rather radial growth. Beware also of scams while in the terminal.

See
As most Muntinlupa is residential suburb, most of the sights are concentrated in Alabang.

Alabang
Alabang has many classy night bars and restaurants.

Stay safe
While not as infamous as the other crowded corners of the metro such as Divisoria, Quiapo, and Baclaran, Alabang is notorious for petty crime, not only with pickpockets and bag snatchers, but also with various criminals, including hold-up robbers, who will rob you at gunpoint, and scammers. Beware also of touts in taxis and tricycles, where they may not only rip you off, but in some cases, they may bring you elsewhere. The business districts of Filinvest City and Ayala Alabang may not look as safe as it may seem, so use common sense when bringing valuables, like cell phones, money, and cameras, as they can attract opportunistic thieves.

While not very obvious, most populated areas in Muntinlupa straddle the West Valley Fault, a major fault that can potentially cause a destructive magnitude 7.2 earthquake. Places where the fault runs are spray-painted with orange markers, and earthquake drills, in addition to fire drills, are regularly held in the city.

Cope
Muntinlupa is the first city in the Philippines to pass a local law banning single-use plastics since 2011, and that means you must bring at least a reusable bag when shopping in the city. In restaurants, food packaging must be made of recyclable material, but utensils, like spoons, forks, knives and straws are still permitted to be made of plastic. Businesses however are encouraged to use utensils made of reusable and recyclable material. The plastic ban does not cover plastic bags used to handle wet goods, and plastics are still permitted as packaging for wet products.

title: Muntinlupa


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Murakami

Murakami (村上市 Murakami-shi) is a city in northern Niigata (prefecture)

Tourist Information Sites
The local tourist association has a bilingual guide site. Its Japanese page promotes the city as the place of triple sake - salmon (high-low intonation), liquor (flat intonation) and sympahy (nasake).

The city government has its own Japanese-only guide site.

By train
Murakami is easily accessed by train via the JR Uetsu Line through Niigata City. There is usually one train per hour running to Murakami. Two options are available: a local train at a cost of ¥1,110 (about 71 minutes) or the Limited Express Inaho at ¥1,610 for a reserved seat (about 46 minutes).

If you are just visiting Murakami in a day trip, or you plan to take the train to other cities with the intention of returning to Murakami in the same day, it is highly recommended that you buy an Echigo All Day Pass for ¥1,500. This pass gets you unlimited access to all trains running throughout the area (except Limited Express trains). However, don't forget to take your ticket as you exit the turnstile, unlike single use tickets, All Day Passes will cycle back to you.

By car
Murakami is accessible by car by going North on National Route 7 from Niigata, Shibata, or Nakajo. From National Route 7 you can also take Coastal Route 113. It eventually turns into Coastal Route 345 which takes you right into Murakami. If you follow the road signs, you should be fine since it is practically a straight shot.

The trip is about 1.5 to 2 hours long no matter which route you take. However, National Route 7 has more traffic lights, and since more people use it, it tends to become heavy with traffic. The Coastal Route is only one lane, but there are not many traffic lights, and any "slow traffic" that you encounter can be passed in pass zones.

By bus
There are buses in Murakami, but they are not actually useful for sightseeing. The schedule the buses run on is infrequent, and the places they run to are more geared for the use of the locals. The main bus pick up is right outside of Murakami Station, where you can also pick up a bus schedule. There are a few places that the buses can get you to, and it is fairly inexpensive (about ¥300).

By taxi
Right outside the train station are two taxi services, Murakami Taxi and Senami Taxi. It can be expensive to use a taxi to get around Murakami, as the rate is about ¥300/km, but if you are desperate for a ride, it is the best and quickest option.

By car
There is also a car rental place near the train station.

By foot
Walking is a reasonable way to get around within downtown Murakami.

By bicycle
The best way to get around Murakami is by Bicycle. There is a rental shop next to the View Plaza that will rent out bicycles.

See

 * One of the most prominent attractions in Murakami is the Murakami Castle remains. The locals call it Oshiroyama (お城山). Situated at the top of Mt. Gagyuzan (135m) are the ruins of the old Murakami Castle. There are many trails leading up to the top, ranging from easy to moderately difficult. From the top there is a fantastic panoramic view of Murakami city. In the spring cherry blossoms add to the beauty. From July to August the bugs are out in full force, so this may not be the best time to visit. In the winter, January to early March, the ruins are covered in snow, but the main path is still accessible.
 * Iyoboya Museum, located near the Mimote River, this museum offers more information about salmon than and fishing than one could hope for. Murakami has been famous for salmon since the Heian period (11th Century CE), and this museum and salmon park explores that history. Visiting from autumn to winter is the best time because you might get to see the salmon laying their eggs in the Mimote River.
 * After the Murakami Festival, Oshagiri (おしゃぎり) floats are put on display in the Oshagiri Museum. Members of the community make these highly detailed floats, which can be seen in the museum along with other historical artifacts.
 * Murakami Regional Folk Museum
 * Murakami Tsuishu Craft Museum
 * The Wakabayashi Residence is a restored Samurai residence. It is located right next to the Oshagiri Museum. It was designated as a National Important Cultural Property in 1977, and is a beautiful restoration of an 1800s style residence.
 * Ruins of Iwagasaki is a recreation of Yayoi period residences (300 BCE to 300 CE). On site there is a museum with interactive activities that "recreate" the feeling of living during this period. Not only is there an interactive play, but there is also an athletics field. This site is closed during the winter.
 * Maizuru Park
 * Jouenji Temple
 * Koutokuji Temple
 * Shojouji Temple
 * Kannonji Temple
 * Haguro Shrine
 * Iwafune Shrine
 * Taki Shrine
 * Murakami Marina
 * Iwafune Port
 * Senami Onsen

Do

 * Relax in the Senami Onsen

Buy

 * Tsuishu (堆朱), distinctive red lacquerware

Eat

 * Salmon
 * Beef
 * Fu

Drink

 * Murakami Tea
 * Murakami Sake (Shimeharizuru, Taiyozakari)

Sleep
go to Senami Hot spring at sea side.

Go next

 * Sekikawa
 * Tainai
 * Shibata
 * Seiro
 * Niigata
 * Oguni
 * Nagai
 * Tsuruoka
 * Sakata

title: Murakami


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Venice/Murano

Murano is an island town, about 1.5 km (1 mile) north of Venice, in northern Italy and is considered part of Venice. It can be considered a slightly cheaper base from which to explore Venice.

Understand
Murano, like Venice, is a series of islands linked by bridges in the Venetian Lagoon. Its population was just under 4,500 in 2014. The town is famous for its glass production. The climate of Murano is classified as Humid Subtropical climate with cool winters and very warm summers.

By vaporetto
ACTV, Venice's transit company, runs the water buses, "vaporetti", from Venice to Murano at frequent intervals and at many stops. If you are basing yourself in Murano to visit Venice the multi-day ACTV tourist tickets are a must: a single day tourist pass costs €15 which compares favourably with the single journey ACTV €7.50 ticket. If you use the vaporetti a few times per day the tourist pass works out as cheaper, and gets better value the longer duration of ticket that is purchased.

On foot
Walking along the many canals is part of the experience of Murano. The island is only about 1.5 km across, so it is small enough to explore by foot.

The Grand Canal (Canale Grande) splits the island into two. Walking around the island will help you discover the beautiful colors, little shops and restaurants.

See

 * Other glass-related attractions include the many glassworks, some Mediaeval and most open to the public.
 * Glass Factories (fornaci). The best glass blowing factories are not open to tourists, but there are some factories that give demonstrations. Interesting to see if you have never seen a glass furnace.
 * Other glass-related attractions include the many glassworks, some Mediaeval and most open to the public.
 * Glass Factories (fornaci). The best glass blowing factories are not open to tourists, but there are some factories that give demonstrations. Interesting to see if you have never seen a glass furnace.
 * Other glass-related attractions include the many glassworks, some Mediaeval and most open to the public.
 * Glass Factories (fornaci). The best glass blowing factories are not open to tourists, but there are some factories that give demonstrations. Interesting to see if you have never seen a glass furnace.

Do
The island is known for glass work of course, so it's a good spot to take one of the many glass making workshops offered on the island.

Buy
Murano is known for its glass worldwide. Besides that, there is not much else to buy besides the normal tourist objects, such as postcards and other souvenirs.

Many souvenir shops try to pass off cheap Chinese counterfeit glass as real Murano glass. Murano Glass is very expensive to produce; don't expect to buy Original Murano Glass for a few euros. The Veneto Regional Government (Regione del Veneto) protects original Murano glassmaking. Always look for the Vetro Artistico Murano trademark decal on the objects and in the windows of shops and showrooms that sell authentic Murano glass in order to be sure that you are purchasing original Murano Glass.

Eat
If you are staying in Murano overnight, ask your hotel receptionist which of the island's restaurants is open in the evening. Most tourists are day-trippers, so Murano's restaurants take turns staying open for dinner.

Stay safe
Beware of the scams offering to take you on a free boat ride to see the glassworks at Murano or Burano. Prices are grossly (300%+) overinflated, and the terms you are told in English will not match the terms in the contract written in Italian only. Don't fall for this scam.

Go next

 * Venice is your hub on the way out to the mainland. Just hop on the waterbus, "vaporetto", to get back to Venice.

title: Venice/Murano


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Murchison

Murchison is a small township in New Zealand on SH6 between the West Coast and Nelson.

It has a small selection of cafes and restaurants.

Get in
Intercity coaches between Nelson and Greymouth stop here at the Beechwoods Cafe.

See
There is a tiny museum.

Do
Whitewater rafting and kayaking on the Buller, Matiri, Mangles and Gowan rivers.

Buy
There are two small grocery stores, one a "Foursquare". There is one large Mobil filling station for fuels that has an LPG pump.

Go next

 * St Arnaud and Nelson Lakes National Park

title: Murchison


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Murchison Falls National Park

Murchison Falls National Park is in Northern Uganda. The park covers approximately 3840 km², and the River Nile passes through. Rabonga Forest in the southeast has large populations of chimps and the Nile has a lot of hippopotamuses and crocodiles.

History
Named after the president of the English Royal Geographic Society in 1862 by Samuel Baker.

Landscape
Part of the Albertine Rift. The White Nile flows through this park from east to west, before turning north when it contacts Lake Albert. At the spectacular Murchison Falls, the Nile squeezes much of its water through a 7-m wide cleft. Less know is the Uhuru Falls, adjacent to Murchison Falls. "Uhuru" means "freedom" in Swahili - these falls broke through the rock in the year of Uganda's independence.

Flora and fauna
Elephants, Rothschild's giraffe, nile buffalo, lelwel hartebeest, oribi, waterbuck, bushbuck, warthog, lion, leopard, hippo, nile crocodile, olive baboons, mongoose, honey badger, monitor lizards, black and white colobus, vervet monkey, chimpanzee and a wide array of bird life including the rare shoebill stork.

Climate
Tropical, rains April/May and Oct/Nov. Good to visit all year

Get in
Basically, you either must bring your own car or rent one to enter Murchison. There is no public transportation through the park and reaching it from Masindi will probably require following one of the steps below.

Take an early bus to Masindi (USh 15,000 with Link Buses taken from Kampala city bus station at 7AM, 9AM, noon (Jan 2012)) and then try to arrange for transport to bring you to the park. With some luck you could get a free ride with the rangers, or you could arrange with a safari guide to drive you out to the park from Masindi. Yebo Tours, owned and operated from Masindi, is one of the most affordable options. Another low-budget safari is offered by the Red Chili, which can be booked out of their hostel in Kampala. Many safari companies offer safaris into this park. They operate the nearby River Safari camp.

You can fly into nearby Arua Airport from Kampala (daily flights with Eagle Air) and this company will send a safari vehicle to get you. Flights from Entebbe International Airport to Pakuba Airstrip or Chobe Airstrip inside the boundaries of Murchison Falls National Park and Bugungu Airstrip on outside the park boundaries can be arranged by Savannah Wings, Aerolink and Bar Aviation.

You can stay with Boomu Women's Group who are just outside Kichumbanyobo gate, the main gate to the park. You can get transport to there from Masindi. After your stay you can go to the park gate, metres up the road and try to get a lift to your destination in the park. Or you can ask the staff to arrange for a taxi to take you to your destination. If your destination is chimp trekking in Pabidi, staff at Boomu Women's Group can help arrange transport to this site.

In short, access to the park is best with an organised safari tour or a self-drive vehicle. Tracks are basic, so vehicles should engage 4wd and lock hubs, and drivers should keep below the park limit of 40 km/h. For travellers relying on public transport, it's best to join a budget group tour from Kampala or travel by bus to Masindi and then try and arrange a 'special hire' (private taxi) to take you into the park. The latter will cost up to US$100 one way, so a group tour inclusive of all fees etc, can often be the more affordable option if you are travelling by yourself.

Fees and permits
For non-residents, a one-day permit costs US$45, for East African residents, US$35. UWA Tarriff

Get around
Your best bet is to either hire a car or go on an organized safari. Don't even bother hitching or taking a bus. It is very difficult to get around in the park without your own transportation. You might get lucky and have a safari opportunity with someone, but you might not.

See
This park offers plenty of different ways to enjoy primates, wildlife and a variety of birds. Chimp trekking and birding takes place in the southern reaches, in Budongo Forest, but the core park activities are centered around the river Nile, and the dramatic Murchison Falls. Launch cruises can be taken to the base of the Falls, offering a relaxed way to enjoy the scenery and the wildlife which comes to the water's edge, including elephant, buffalo, Defassa waterbuck, Nile crocodile and hundreds of hippopotamuses. The falls are only modest in their height (approximately a 43 m drop) but what they lack in height they make up for in power. The entire Nile river explodes through a 7-m (23-ft) wide crevice. It is said that up to 300 m³ of water per second rush through this narrow rocky gorge.

The bird life is also excellent in this area, but to spot the famous Shoebill, it is best to take a Delta cruise in the opposite direction, to where the waters of the Victoria Nile and Albert Nile meet and mingle at the northern end of Lake Albert. The delta area is a network of watery channels with papyrus islands, where plenty of aquatic birds can be spotted, and quite often, the pre-historic looking Shoebill is found fishing for frogs and lungfish. The park also offers game drives around the Buligi circuit in the delta area, or further east and north towards Karuma Falls or Pakwach and Wangkwar gates. The game is not as plentiful as that found in the large national reserves of Kenya and Tanzania, but the wildlife encounters can be more intimate, as Uganda is 'off the beaten path'. Frequently spotted game includes lion, leopard, elephant buffalo, the endangered Rothschild's Giraffe, Jackson's Hartebeest, Defassa Waterbuck, Uganda Kob and the dainty Oribi.

Do
Game drives, chimp walks, birding, boat trips

Community tours that offer a chance to see the local community, understand issues faced by rural Ugandans and learn about local food are offered at Boomu Women's Group. This group also offers a chance to see how local handcrafts are made.

Buy
Local crafts, drinks, snacks and simple meals can be purchased from Boomu Women's Group. As this is a community tourism project all sales directly help the surrounding community.

Camping
Red Chili Guest House is the cheapest option at Murchison Falls. Pitch your own tent for USh 5000 or hire one of theirs for USh 5000 more. The nearby village allows for local atmosphere and cheap local food.

Wild camping inside the park is possible with a game ranger available through arrangements with park headquarters. This provides the deepest immersion in the wildlife.

Stay safe
If you stay to the roads with a safari vehicle, there is no danger. However do not go off the marked roads.

Go next

 * Masindi - approx 90 km.

title: Murchison Falls National Park


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There was also a medieval English kingdom called Mercia.

title: Murcia