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Peja

Peja (Peja/Pejë in Albanian or Peć in Serbian), is a city in northwestern Kosovo. Peja has a rich cultural and historical inheritance being host to a UNESCO World Heritage Site, access to another one and surrounding by stunning nature.

Understand
The city lies in the northwestern part of Kosovo, at the foot of Bjeshkët e Nemuna (the Accursed Mountains) and Rugova Canyon, between 42' and 40' parallels (north) and between 20' and 18' meridians (east). The municipality of Peja in total has a surface of 603 km2, while the urban part covers 20 km2. The altitude of the city is 521 m above sea level, and the highest peak is 2,522 m at Guri i Kuq (Red Stone) in Bjeshkët e Nemuna Mountains. Once you pass through Rugova Canyon, you will notice its beauty and undiscovered treasures. Peja lies on the banks of the Lumbardh River springing from Bjeshkët e Nemuna for 63 km, after which it joins the longest river in Kosovo, the Drini i Bardhë. The spring of Drini i Bardhë is also in Peja municipality, in the village Radavc, with attractive waterfalls.

Population
The entire region is inhabited by 141,000 people; of which 98,000 are concentrated in the urban centre of Peja (2020 estimate). In the last decade, there is a huge settlement of the population in the city, due to better living conditions and more employment opportunities. The majority of the population is ethnic Albanian (90%), while the remaining 10% is comprised of Serbs, Bosniaks, Roma, Ashkali and Montenegrins.

Climate
The climate in Peja is continental with a cold winter and relatively hot summers. Autumn brings heavy rains and there are mild temperatures during the spring. People of Peja are fond of the winter season especially when it is snowing as they use this opportunity for skiing.

Tourist promotion office

 * [Peja City council website]
 * [Peja City council website]
 * [Peja City council website]
 * [Peja City council website]

Talk
The most common languages in use are Albanian and Serbian, although other languages such as Bosnian and Roma are also in use. The dominant language is Albanian. English is quite popular in Peja; the majority of local youth speak fluent English.

By car
To get to Peja, you can use several Kosovo border crossings with neighbouring countries. The nearest city in Republic of Montenegro is Rozhaje, which is 40 km away, while border crossing Kulla is only 15 km from the center of the Peja. The Çakorr border crossing, which passes through Rugova Canyon, is closed to motorized traffic and pedestrians.

From Albania you can use two border crossing crossings, through Morinë/Vërmicë using the Tirana-Pristina highway getting out to Prizren and onward to Gjakova then Peja and the second connection through the Qafë Morinë or Qafë Prush border crossings to Gjakova then onward to Peja, if you so choose.

From the capital of North Macedonia, Skopje, you can use Hani i Elezit border crossing, continuing to Pristina which is 80 km away from Peja. As well you can use “Globoqica” area border crossing using the scenic mountain pass through the Sharr Mountains continuing through Prizren and Gjakova which is 120 km from Peja.

From Serbia, you can go through the Merdare border crossing to Pristina, continue to Peja, or you can alternatively drive through Northern Kosovo and Mitrovica.

By plane
The nearest airport is Pristina International Airport Adem Jashari, 65 km away, where you can get a taxi or a bus to reach Peja.

By bus

Direct buses:
 * Gjakova - 50-min bus ride, €2.5
 * Pristina - 1½-hour bus ride, €4
 * Prizren - around 2-hour bus ride, €5 (updated June 2023)

From Montenegro:
 * Rožaje - N 46 km, €4
 * Plav - W 70 km, €8
 * Podgorica - 6-7 hours, €14

By train

 * Trainkos Pristina - Peja.jpg are two trains per day between Peja and Pristina. The cost of the train is €3 (2017), and there is some nice scenery along the way. If taking the train from Skopje, the timings do not allow for a same-day connection onwards to Peja, though it works fine if going the other way (Peja - Pristine - Skopje).

If coming from Belgrade, trains run from Belgrade via Kraljevo to Mitrovica in the north of Kosovo. It will be necessary to take a bus from Mitrovica to Pristina (they're regular and cheap).

Get around
Walking is the best way to see the city, and is quite easy to do in Peja. If you are tired or in a hurry, there are numerous affordable taxis available; the average cab ride doesn't exceed €2. If you prefer, you can also use one of the city buses that cover the town for €0.50.

See

 * Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla is one of the most striking historic building in central Peja, which definitely deserves a visit. It is a beautiful historical cinema, built in 1955 with money of the Workers’ Union. Back then, the cinema was called 'Kino Rad' ('Workers' Cinema'). During the period 1955-1998 it served as a central point of joint cultural activities for the residents of Peja. Activities included screenings of the latest films, public discussions, music concerts, theatrical performances and children’s programs. The cinema was closed down when the war started in 1998 and was heavily damaged in the years after, just like the rest of Peja. In 2000, the building was renovated and partly reconstructed. In 2001, the cinema was reopened, with its name changed to ‘Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla’ in 2002. In 2016 the Privatization Agency of Kosovo put the building on the list of buildings for privatization, which meant it would lose its public function. However, backlash from the local community secured Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla a spot on the temporary list of protected cultural heritage buildings in Kosovo. Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla is now a cultural center which hosts movie screenings, musical performances, poetry nights, board game nights, and more. Most activities are accessible to international audiences. It's also possible to get a guided tour, which introduces you to the rich history of the cinema.
 * Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla is one of the most striking historic building in central Peja, which definitely deserves a visit. It is a beautiful historical cinema, built in 1955 with money of the Workers’ Union. Back then, the cinema was called 'Kino Rad' ('Workers' Cinema'). During the period 1955-1998 it served as a central point of joint cultural activities for the residents of Peja. Activities included screenings of the latest films, public discussions, music concerts, theatrical performances and children’s programs. The cinema was closed down when the war started in 1998 and was heavily damaged in the years after, just like the rest of Peja. In 2000, the building was renovated and partly reconstructed. In 2001, the cinema was reopened, with its name changed to ‘Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla’ in 2002. In 2016 the Privatization Agency of Kosovo put the building on the list of buildings for privatization, which meant it would lose its public function. However, backlash from the local community secured Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla a spot on the temporary list of protected cultural heritage buildings in Kosovo. Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla is now a cultural center which hosts movie screenings, musical performances, poetry nights, board game nights, and more. Most activities are accessible to international audiences. It's also possible to get a guided tour, which introduces you to the rich history of the cinema.
 * Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla is one of the most striking historic building in central Peja, which definitely deserves a visit. It is a beautiful historical cinema, built in 1955 with money of the Workers’ Union. Back then, the cinema was called 'Kino Rad' ('Workers' Cinema'). During the period 1955-1998 it served as a central point of joint cultural activities for the residents of Peja. Activities included screenings of the latest films, public discussions, music concerts, theatrical performances and children’s programs. The cinema was closed down when the war started in 1998 and was heavily damaged in the years after, just like the rest of Peja. In 2000, the building was renovated and partly reconstructed. In 2001, the cinema was reopened, with its name changed to ‘Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla’ in 2002. In 2016 the Privatization Agency of Kosovo put the building on the list of buildings for privatization, which meant it would lose its public function. However, backlash from the local community secured Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla a spot on the temporary list of protected cultural heritage buildings in Kosovo. Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla is now a cultural center which hosts movie screenings, musical performances, poetry nights, board game nights, and more. Most activities are accessible to international audiences. It's also possible to get a guided tour, which introduces you to the rich history of the cinema.
 * Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla is one of the most striking historic building in central Peja, which definitely deserves a visit. It is a beautiful historical cinema, built in 1955 with money of the Workers’ Union. Back then, the cinema was called 'Kino Rad' ('Workers' Cinema'). During the period 1955-1998 it served as a central point of joint cultural activities for the residents of Peja. Activities included screenings of the latest films, public discussions, music concerts, theatrical performances and children’s programs. The cinema was closed down when the war started in 1998 and was heavily damaged in the years after, just like the rest of Peja. In 2000, the building was renovated and partly reconstructed. In 2001, the cinema was reopened, with its name changed to ‘Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla’ in 2002. In 2016 the Privatization Agency of Kosovo put the building on the list of buildings for privatization, which meant it would lose its public function. However, backlash from the local community secured Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla a spot on the temporary list of protected cultural heritage buildings in Kosovo. Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla is now a cultural center which hosts movie screenings, musical performances, poetry nights, board game nights, and more. Most activities are accessible to international audiences. It's also possible to get a guided tour, which introduces you to the rich history of the cinema.
 * Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla is one of the most striking historic building in central Peja, which definitely deserves a visit. It is a beautiful historical cinema, built in 1955 with money of the Workers’ Union. Back then, the cinema was called 'Kino Rad' ('Workers' Cinema'). During the period 1955-1998 it served as a central point of joint cultural activities for the residents of Peja. Activities included screenings of the latest films, public discussions, music concerts, theatrical performances and children’s programs. The cinema was closed down when the war started in 1998 and was heavily damaged in the years after, just like the rest of Peja. In 2000, the building was renovated and partly reconstructed. In 2001, the cinema was reopened, with its name changed to ‘Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla’ in 2002. In 2016 the Privatization Agency of Kosovo put the building on the list of buildings for privatization, which meant it would lose its public function. However, backlash from the local community secured Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla a spot on the temporary list of protected cultural heritage buildings in Kosovo. Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla is now a cultural center which hosts movie screenings, musical performances, poetry nights, board game nights, and more. Most activities are accessible to international audiences. It's also possible to get a guided tour, which introduces you to the rich history of the cinema.
 * Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla is one of the most striking historic building in central Peja, which definitely deserves a visit. It is a beautiful historical cinema, built in 1955 with money of the Workers’ Union. Back then, the cinema was called 'Kino Rad' ('Workers' Cinema'). During the period 1955-1998 it served as a central point of joint cultural activities for the residents of Peja. Activities included screenings of the latest films, public discussions, music concerts, theatrical performances and children’s programs. The cinema was closed down when the war started in 1998 and was heavily damaged in the years after, just like the rest of Peja. In 2000, the building was renovated and partly reconstructed. In 2001, the cinema was reopened, with its name changed to ‘Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla’ in 2002. In 2016 the Privatization Agency of Kosovo put the building on the list of buildings for privatization, which meant it would lose its public function. However, backlash from the local community secured Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla a spot on the temporary list of protected cultural heritage buildings in Kosovo. Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla is now a cultural center which hosts movie screenings, musical performances, poetry nights, board game nights, and more. Most activities are accessible to international audiences. It's also possible to get a guided tour, which introduces you to the rich history of the cinema.
 * Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla is one of the most striking historic building in central Peja, which definitely deserves a visit. It is a beautiful historical cinema, built in 1955 with money of the Workers’ Union. Back then, the cinema was called 'Kino Rad' ('Workers' Cinema'). During the period 1955-1998 it served as a central point of joint cultural activities for the residents of Peja. Activities included screenings of the latest films, public discussions, music concerts, theatrical performances and children’s programs. The cinema was closed down when the war started in 1998 and was heavily damaged in the years after, just like the rest of Peja. In 2000, the building was renovated and partly reconstructed. In 2001, the cinema was reopened, with its name changed to ‘Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla’ in 2002. In 2016 the Privatization Agency of Kosovo put the building on the list of buildings for privatization, which meant it would lose its public function. However, backlash from the local community secured Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla a spot on the temporary list of protected cultural heritage buildings in Kosovo. Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla is now a cultural center which hosts movie screenings, musical performances, poetry nights, board game nights, and more. Most activities are accessible to international audiences. It's also possible to get a guided tour, which introduces you to the rich history of the cinema.
 * Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla is one of the most striking historic building in central Peja, which definitely deserves a visit. It is a beautiful historical cinema, built in 1955 with money of the Workers’ Union. Back then, the cinema was called 'Kino Rad' ('Workers' Cinema'). During the period 1955-1998 it served as a central point of joint cultural activities for the residents of Peja. Activities included screenings of the latest films, public discussions, music concerts, theatrical performances and children’s programs. The cinema was closed down when the war started in 1998 and was heavily damaged in the years after, just like the rest of Peja. In 2000, the building was renovated and partly reconstructed. In 2001, the cinema was reopened, with its name changed to ‘Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla’ in 2002. In 2016 the Privatization Agency of Kosovo put the building on the list of buildings for privatization, which meant it would lose its public function. However, backlash from the local community secured Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla a spot on the temporary list of protected cultural heritage buildings in Kosovo. Kinema Jusuf Gërvalla is now a cultural center which hosts movie screenings, musical performances, poetry nights, board game nights, and more. Most activities are accessible to international audiences. It's also possible to get a guided tour, which introduces you to the rich history of the cinema.

Further afield

 * In addition to the mountains, there are a few destinations to go relatively close to Peja.
 * Rusolia Resort
 * In addition to the mountains, there are a few destinations to go relatively close to Peja.
 * Rusolia Resort
 * Rusolia Resort
 * Radac (the spring of Drini river)
 * Hajla
 * Shtedimi
 * The mountain of Ciga with the peak of Maja e Hasan Begut
 * The mountain with the peak of Vjelakut
 * Peklena
 * Istog

Do

 * Liqenat Rugovë.jpg

Parks
Peja is known as one of the cities with most green areas in Kosovo, is called as well as “Green Peja”. In Karagaç neighborhood is the Big Park: in the central part of the park is a beautiful artificial lake surrounded by flowers of variety of plants and trees. During the summertime, many people visit the park for relax and jogging. Peja Big Park has its legend; the biggest part of the park in ancient times was used as a graveyard.

Flora
There are more than 375 types of herbs that grow on Bjeshkët e Nemuna including Leontopodium Alpinum, Primula Auricula, Gentiana Hyphylla, Blueberries, Chamomile, Mountain Tea, White Spruce, and Picea Abies.

Fauna
Various species of wild animals common to the Balkans live in the territory of Bjeshkët e Nemuna, but in the Rugova Valley, there are also several species of endangered animals, including the European marble pole cat, wild rooster, lynx, viper, wild cat, brown bear, rupicapra, wolf, fox and golden eagle.

Sports
Peja is well known for sports and sport successes were a lot of youth are practicing various sports. Most famous sports are basketball, football and handball. Peja clubs have been many times Kosovo champions in many sports, though individual sports are developed as well like karate, judo, athletics, boxing and skiing.

Extreme sports
Talking about extreme sports you will see that Peja is one of Kosovo's cities with the largest attendance of extreme sports such as hiking, paragliding, freestyle skiing, mountain biking, snowshoe trekking, rock climbing, caving etc. With their respective clubs like: ”Marimangat e Pejës", "Aragoniti", and “Klubi i Ciklistive”.

Events
Peja is known for its various handicrafts and fairs and events such as memorials, concerts and exhibitions. Some of the fairs and events that Municipality of Peja organizes are:
 * “The days of the honey" fair which is organized in September
 * The 3 days handcrafts fair organized by the Association "Gratë në Biznes"
 * Literature gatherings "Azem Shkreli"
 * The festivities during the June, marking Peja liberation day
 * Art exhibition "Flaka e janarit"
 * International Short Film Festival
 * Various sports memorial tournaments

Buy
Peja has a few malls and around 100 stores. You can shop for anything you want. You can find all sorts of items, electronic, ceramic and granite tiles, clothes and groceries in fair prices. Most furnished stores are located in and around the center. Meanwhile in the suburbs in some places you only find the basics.

Traditional costumes
A special segment of the commercial life in Peja is crafts who are mainly located in Çarshia e Gjate (Old Bazaar) exercising their knowledge in their shops like: traditional Albanian Plis makers (wool hats), dress makers, shoe smiths, watch smiths, gold and silver artisan works, barbers etc. Some of these crafts already disappeared or is exercised by an individual as the legacy and memory of the past. The most decorated pieces of local costumes for the females are shirts, waists, socks and for men’s costume, socks and the waist. Besides costumes, different textile products are very interesting. The uniqueness of the textile it’s not only in the working techniques but a complex of different factors like colors and motives through which the woman of this region are presented as wonderful weavers and painters that have sometimes made masterpieces. In the village of Rugova traditional costumes are still worn with a lot of dignity and in the national museum and in different galleries are exposed traditional costumes and handicrafts from the region. The uniqueness of the traditional clothing’s and other objects of the Peja culture can be found by visiting the Ethnographic Museum which is located in the nearby Haxhi Zeka Square.

Eat
Gastronomy of Peja is characterized with authentic and original food, freshly cooked from milk, cheese, yogurt, cream, honey, forest tea, pie, flija (corn pie), kaqamak, boiled cheese, leqenik and healthy bread from corn. At the restaurants you can always find traditional, oriental and european gastronomy.

In Peja restaurants and hotels beside the Wine of Radavci known for its high quality it is served "Peja Beer" produced in Peja, using natural water from the spring of Drin i Bardhe. Besides from alcoholic drinks you can find as well other traditional and oriental drinks like Boza, Salep, Ardiq, Ajron, and Shurup Trandafili.

Drink
Cafés dominate the appearance of Peja's center. Trendiest places are filled with youth during school breaks and holidays. Locals can sit hours sipping their macchiatos, and there is always time to drink coffee. Most of cafés have free wi-fi connection, and in those which don't you can usually connect to internet by using neighbor cafés' Wi-Fi. As typical in Balkans, smoking is allowed almost anywhere, so don't expect to breathe fresh air in a terrace. Tap water in Peja comes from the mountain springs and is safe to drink.

The best beer from Kosova Birra Peja is brewed in Peja and you can order it in practically every café and restaurant.

Local strong alcohol, raki, is worth trying. Drink a shot after eating to stimulate your digestion or let it warm your body in cool night in the mountains.

Try the wine from the Rahovec region, it's the only local wine in Peja. They serve it as the house wine at "Art Design," and you can also find it in most supermarkets. It's a light-bodied wine, with a clean taste.

In Peja restaurants and hotels beside the Wine of Radavci known for its high quality it is served "Peja Beer" produced in Peja, using natural water from the spring of Drin i Bardhe. Besides from alcoholic drinks you can find as well other traditional and oriental drinks like Boza, Salep, Ardiq, Ajron, Shurup Trandafili.

Bars

Peja is not a city known for night life, but for local youth there are plenty of places where you can spend the afternoon and evenings. Most frequented pubs are: Green bar, Exit bar, Home café, Café Café, Prince Coffee House, Jazz bar, Gemvara. All these bars are located in the city center.

Clubs

Also for the older age groups in the restaurants and hotels of the city of Peja, during weekends you can have dinner under the sound of old traditional urban music. This pleasure you can experience at Hotel Dukagjini, Hotel Cocktail and Art Design Restaurant.

Go next

 * Gjakova - 36 km, 45 min away by bus, closest city in Kosovo with the largest Ottoman-era bazaar in the Balkans.
 * Pristina - the capital of Kosovo.
 * Prizren - Jump in a bus (around 2-hour bus ride) and have a day off
 * Istog - take a direct bus (25 minutes, €1.50).
 * Plav - a city of Montenegro with direct bus connection from Peja
 * Rožaje- the nearest city of Montenegro with direct bus connection from Peja (once a day at 13:30, €5).
 * Podgorica- take a direct bus (6-7 hours, €14) to visiting the capital of Montenegro. Peja is near the border of Montenegro. There is no border crossing through Rugova but you have to go around through Rožaje. Go to Albania through Gjakova or Prizren, and to Skopje through Pristina.

title: Peja


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Pekan

Pekan is the royal town of the state of Pahang, Malaysia, and an interesting place to visit.

Get in
Pekan is 45 km south of the much larger city of Kuantan, Pahang's capital, and approximately 130 km north of Mersing, which is on Johor's east coast.

You may reach Pekan by a direct bus from Pudu Raya Terminal-Utama express, twice a day or by another option, take a bus from Kuantan. It takes approximately 1 hour to reach Pekan from Kuantan. There are many buses from Kuala Lumpur to Kuantan daily.

Get around
1.Get (rent/borrow) a bicycle from the local and cycle around the town.

2.Sunday market (less than 1/2 km from Hospital Pekan)-where you can get various types of home grown vegetables, raw water fishes, spices and lots of local foods n goods on Sunday.

See

 * The Sungai Pahang, the longest river in Peninsular Malaysia, ends at Pekan.
 * Pekan State Museum on Jalan Sultan Ahmad.
 * The Royal Palace of Pekan and the Polo ground and also the horses.
 * The Malay villages and fruit orchards.
 * The Chinese Temple to Mazu, a Goddess of the sea.
 * Bird watching - You may spot hornbills in Pekan, at close distance!
 * Big trees - You may spot lots of big trees in Pekan.

Do
Make friend with the people there and get to know more about Pekan. Tip: Address the elderly man as "Uncle" and the elderly lady as "Aunty" I'm sure they'll be more friendly to you.

Read books-as they're not much of entertainment outlets. No Bar, no pub, no cinema, nevertheless, it's a good place for a good rest.

Star watching at the riverside, there's less light pollution in Pekan therefore you may see the sky clearly at night.

Sea fishing, ask the Chinese in town, don't be surprise they might have friend who own a boat for sea fishing.

Lepak-a culture of village people where they just laze around, sit and chat, or play guitar and sing with friends outside the house at anywhere, anywhere they feel comfortable...

Buy
You may get fresh seafoods like fishes and oysters from the wet market or from the Sunday market.

Salted fish.

Tit-Bits from the local shops-there're fun to eat and usually come in small packets and cheap too.

Tobaccos-D.I.Y, wrap the tobaccos yourself in leaf/paper, all available for sale at shops.

Kids Toys like tops, pebbles, kites, slingshot, paper dolls, cards-with printed cartoons/robots- you may learn many ways to play it from the village kids.

Eat
Murtabak is a unique Indian Muslim food that can only be found in Pekan.

Nasi Dagang is steamed white rice and glutinous rice wrapped in banana leaves with small chunk of Tongkol fish-sort like Tuna fish.

Keropok Ikan-Keropok=cracker, Ikan=fish. It is a popular finger food made from fish. It's cheap and easy to get too.

You may also get some fresh fish from the market and bring it to a nearby Chinese restaurant named Sri Pekan, which is right opposite the market. You may then ask the cook to prepare it your way!

There are Malay food stalls gathered around Pekan Bus Terminal. You may get a variety of local food and drink here.

Drink
Beers are only sold at Chinese Restaurants.

Ais Kacang/Cendol-blended ice with toppings.

Sleep
Pekan rest house.

Seri Pekan-affordable budget rooms attached to a Chinese restaurant.

Sleeping bag/tent.

Go next
Kuantan

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Pekan


text:
Pekanbaru

Pekanbaru is the capital of Riau province in Indonesia. It is a centre of oil production. Pekanbaru has the reputation of being one of the cleanest big cities in Indonesia, and is the third largest city of the island of Sumatra after Medan and Palembang. The city is developing rapidly, but still has much unique architecture with a taste of Malay culture.

By boat

No ferries travel from Malacca in Malaysia anymore. You must catch the ferry in Dumai.

By bus

Mini-Bus Dumai to Pekanbaru (July 2019). The Karya Maju Travel Agency is on Jalan Jenderal Sudirman No 160 Dumai (Between the small side streets of gg Kuini depan (Jl Kuini) and Jin Sutomo (Jalan Dr. Sutomo)). This is a door to door service, meaning that the driver will pick you up from and drop you off at your hotel, guesthouse etc. Departure times are 08:00, 10:00, 14:00, 16:00 and 20:00. Cost is Rp120,000 (July 2019). Journey time is 5½ to 6 hours. There are other mini-bus companies, but this company is reported as reliable regarding taking you to where you want to be dropped off.

Get around
There are mikrolets (minivan share taxi), buses, ojek (motorcycle taxi), and taxis.

A new mode of transport is the Trans Metro Pekanbaru, a bus rapid transit system like the Transjakarta in Jakarta. Tickets must be bought at the bus stop before riding, and the one-way fare is Rp 4,000. Only part of the system is operational, and other lines are still under construction

The intercity/interprovincial (AKAP) bus terminal is 5km from downtown. From the bus station to town there are many public buses that stop at pre-determined stops. Tickets cost Rp 4,000 and can be purchased inside the bus stop from a ticket agent.

See
Pekanbaru is not a tourist destination for either Indonesians or foreigners, but does have some interesting buildings and places to visit, including some distinctive buildings constructed by local government:

Buy
There are three major malls in Pekanbaru. The two best are Mall SKA and Mall Ciputra Seraya. The older Mall Pekanbaru is not as well appointed as the other two but is still a good mall and offer a decent selection of restaurants. The location of the three malls are locally well known so getting there shouldn't be a problem. There are several other less interesting malls in Pekanbaru, some are closer to an indoor market then a mall and are great places for bargains.

Eat
Aside from eating durian at durian stalls along Jl. Jend. Sudirman, here are some recommended restaurant in Pekanbaru:

Sleep
Online booking for hotels in Pekanbaru is not available, except for high end hotels as listed below.

Nearby towns

 * Siak Sri Indrapura, a town of old Siak Sultanate. Visit Siak Sultanate Palace and many historial buildings.
 * Dumai, a little port and beach town.
 * Bagansiapiapi, a little fishermen's town. Famous for Chinese festivals like "Bakar Tongkang", Chinese New Year and Cap Go Meh.

Nearby provinces

 * West Sumatra, the Land of Minangkabau culture. - Padang, only 6 hours drive, Bukittinggi 4½ hours drive.
 * North Sumatra, the Land of Batak culture, lake, waterfalls, mountains, and orangutans.
 * Riau Islands, which include Batam and Bintan Islands, both beach resort islands. Popular to many Singaporeans.

Nearby countries

 * Singapore
 * Kuala Lumpur and Malacca in Malaysia.

title: Pekanbaru


text:
Pelabuhan Ratu

Pelabuhan Ratu is a town of 110,00 people (2020) in the Sukabumi region, at the south coast of Western Java, Indonesia. It is known for its fishing port, beaches, and surfing spot.

Understand
Pelabuhan Ratu is the capital of the regency of Sukabumi. The city of Sukabumi is an independent city (kota) about 50 km to the east in the mountains Mt. Gede Pangrango.

Some people believe that the legendary female spirit Nyai Roro Kidul, the 'Queen of the Indian Ocean', has a special place in Pelabuhan Ratu. Nyai Roro Kidul is part of the local Sundanese mythology. Pelabuhan Ratu celebrates an annual holiday in her honor on April 6. The Samudra Beach Hotel keeps room 308 furnished with green colours, specially reserved for Nyai Loro Kidul. The name of the town, Pelabuhan Ratu, means 'Port of the Queen'.

By car
From Jakarta, you can take the highway toll road via Jagorawi - Bocimi to Sukabumi, and then follow the trunk road towards Sukabumi until the village of Cibadak. There you can turn right to go to Palabuhan Ratu. There is often serious traffic congestion on the trunk road until Cibadak, try to avoid Cicurug to Cibadak at factories shift hours, best route is through the Bocimi toll road. The journey from Jakarta to Pelabuhan Ratu takes at least three hours, but often much more (5-6 hours is common).

By train
Take the commuter line to Bogor Station first, from here you can take the train straight to Sukabumi Station Bogor_railway_station Pangrango_(train)

By bus
In Pelabuhan Ratu, buses arrive at the. From Jakarta, the easiest way to reach Pelabuhan ratu is to take bus to Bogor first. From Bogor's Baranangsiang bus terminal you can take a direct bus to Pelabuhan Ratu. Air conditioned buses depart from Bogor in the morning and afternoon (4 hours - Rp25,000). Economy-class non-air conditioned buses depart Bogor until 21:00 (4 hours - Rp20,000).

An alternative (from Jakarta, but also from Bandung) is to take a bus to Sukabumi first. From Sukabumi there will be buses to Pelabuhan Ratu (2 hours, Rp10,000-15,000). Bus company MGI has air-conditioned buses on this route.

For the way back, at Pelabuhan Ratu bus terminal you may be offered to go by shared taxi or angkot (public minivan) to Cibadak village instead. If the price is reasonable (such as Rp20,000 per person), this is a good idea, as Cibadak is on the main road from Bogor to Sukabumi, so many buses directly to Jakarta and Bandung pass here. Keep in mind that the angkot to Cibadak will not be comfortable, with cramped seats.

By plane
The airport of Pelabuhan Ratu is not operational yet. The nearest airports are in Jakarta and Bandung.

Get around
Public transportation in Pelabuhan Ratu is limited. During daylight, you can get around by angkot (public minivan). There are several routes throughout the town and surrounding area, and the price for a trip is Rp2,000-3,000 depending on the distance. You may carry a surfing board on an angkot, but you will have to pay for the space occupied by your surfing equipment. You can also charter an angkot for about Rp.10,000-Rp.20,000, depending on the distance.

A better way for visitors to explore the area is by rental motorbike or car. Please ask your hotel for further information, and make sure you have the correct driving license and insurance.

There's no taxi service in this town, but you can hire an ojek (motorcylce taxi) for about Rp5,000 (short trips) to Rp20,000 (distance of about 10 km). You will need to bargain with the driver for a good deal. Ojeks can be found at most street corners and in busy parts of town (such as near the bus terminal and near the port).

See
The main sights in Pelabuhan Ratu are the beaches and the fishing port, wharf, and fish market.

Do
Many nearby activities can be found in the village of Cimaja (about 8 km to the west) and the surrounding area, including Karang Hawu Beach (also known as Sunset Beach), and volcanic hot springs.

Go next

 * Cimaja and Sawarna — more beaches along the south coast, to the west from Pelabuhan Ratu.

title: Pelabuhan Ratu


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Pelagie Islands

The Pelagie Islands are an archipelago in the province of Agrigento, Sicily, Italy.

Understand
The Pelagie Islands are a protected area within the boundaries of the province of Agrigento (Italian:Area Marina Protetta Isola Pelagie). The total area covers 4,136 hectares on three islands: Lampedusa, Linosa and Lampione, which are geographically closer to Africa than to Sicily. Lampedusa is the largest of the three islands with a population of 6,000, while only 400 people live on Linosa and Lampione is uninhabited. The highest point of the three islands is in Linosa; it has volcanic origins and is accordingly named (186 m).

History
The name "Pelagie Archipelago" (in Greek 'Pelaghiè', or 'Islands of the high seas'), betrays its origins of a Greek Mediterranean island. Phoenicians, Saracens, Romans and Greeks all presumably used the islands as landing places for Mediterranean crossings in ancient times. There are only echoes of this history as only very little archeological evidence is left. The name "Lampedusa" has uncertain origins. It probably derives from the effect that flashes of frequent thunderstorms in the Mediterranean had, that lit the island and made it visible far away for the sailors wandering on the sea.

Flora and fauna
Due to their geographical position in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea the Pelagie Islands are a place where flora and fauna of the warmer eastern waters and the western waters, influenced by the Atlantic currents, meet.

The maquis (typical Mediterranean vegetation) has disappeared. Nowadays, the most common form of the steppe vegetation is undergrowth with daffodil (Asteraceae) and squill (Scilla). The vegetation on the coast is characterized by vast fields of sea lavender (Limonium lopadusanum). A jewel is the Caralluma europaea, a North African plant that looks like a cactus and in Europe only occurs on Lampedusa and in the south of Spain. The North African cornflower (Centaurea acaulis) thrives on Lampedusa.

The fauna of Lampedusa are clearly influenced by North Africa. So there is the whip snake (Coluber) and the lizard Psammodromus algrius on Conigli. On the rocks nest the Eleonora's falcon (Falco eleonorae), the Barbary falcon (Falco pelegrinoides), the rare crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) and the yellow-legged gull (Larus michahellis). There are a great variety of insects such as the Pamphagus ortolaniae, a large grasshopper without wings, and the beetle Julodis onopordi. On the beach of Conigli the sea turtle Caretta caretta lays her eggs in early summer. Tourism is a serious threat to the survival of this animal.

Climate
The Pelagie Islands experience an arid climate year-round. Rain is an event, and the desert conditions assure constant days of glorious sunshine in all seasons. Temperatures of 35°C are common from May to October. From November to April the weather is milder, although still generally warm, and generally experiences day temperatures from 17°C to 25°C.

By boat
Daily overnight ferries run from Porto Empedocle in Sicily, and during the summer there is a hydrofoil service run by Siremar.

Lampedusa
Lampedusa is rocky and flat and has an area of 21 km², a circumference of 33.3 km and reaches a maximum height in  where you can see the islet. On a protected bay is Lampedusa, the capital of the Pelagie Islands with about 6,000 inhabitants. There are many boats in the harbor because fishing is the main source of income.

Further along the coves are mainly small towns like Cala Greca, Cala Galera and Cala Pulcino. On the south side is the small island Coniglio where you can wade through the crystal clear water. Here is Spiaggia Coniglio, the best beach on the island. It can be quite busy in summer. You can rent beach chairs and umbrellas.

From Lampedusa harbor, you can make boat trips. From 10:00 you can leave for about a seven-hour sailing trip to various caves and coves. The tour passes Tabacarra Bay, where the water is turquoise. On the north side are high cliffs and deep caves.

Linosa
Linosa is a small volcanic island of just over 5 km². It consists of black rocks, formed by basalt, with a small village built on it. The village consists of a number of pastel houses around the harbor. There are three craters on the quadrangular-shaped island: Mt. Rosso, Mt. Nero, and Mt. Vulcan with a height of 195 meters. On Linosa is very little to do. Here people come for their rest or to dive. From the harbor boat trips are offered. You will sail to Fili. These are large rocks in the sea where a natural pool is created. After Fili, you will pass all sorts of breathtaking cliffs and rocks. Later you'll pass another beach, called Cala Pozzolana. This beach is walled by steep cliffs of different colours.

Lampione
Lampione is a small uninhabited island with steep cliffs. On the island is a lighthouse. Lampione is a protected nature reserve. The underwater flora and fauna are spectacular, so it is a paradise for divers. On Lampedusa, you can book a dive tour to the island. The Lampione waters are a habitat for many sharks. Even the great white shark can be found here.

Eat
In Lampedusa, all the restaurants and pizzerias are at a good level of quality, and the prices are about the same as in the rest of Italy. Fish is always fresh and very tasty. Some pizzerias do not prepare other dishes besides pizza, so ask if you want something else.

Drink
Regaleali is one of Sicily's most famous white wines and is recommended with fish dishes. Donna Fugata can also be a good choice. The price for a quality white wine is €12-15 in a restaurant and €7-10 in supermarkets and shops.

Go next
Take a tour on Sicily

title: Pelagie Islands


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Pelee Island

Pelee Island (pee-lee) is a 42-km² (16-sq mi) island in Lake Erie and the southernmost populated point in Canada (with 235 residents in 2016). Nearby Middle Island is the southernmost point of land in Canada. It sits at the confluence of two bird migration routes – the Atlantic Flyway and the Mississippi flyway. The island is a significant stopover site for many species of birds and insects (like monarch butterflies). Birding is a popular pastime and draw for tourism as well as the annual pheasant hunt on the island.

Understand
The island has long been used for vineyards and wine making. The wine industry was started here in 1860 and died out in the early 20th century, but was restarted in the 1980s by the Pelee Island Winery. The island is an agriculture-based community which grows about 2,000 hectares (5,000 acres) of soybeans, about 400 hectares of wheat, 200 hectares of grapes, and a few hectares of specialty corn.

Pelee Island is a popular tourist destination, with thousands of visitors each year.

History
Evidence of occupation by indigenous peoples can be dated back 10,000 years through archaeological evidence of projectiles and ceremonial objects. European settlement of the island began in 1788 when the land was leased to Thomas McKee by the Ojibwa and Odawa tribes. William McCormick bought the island in 1823 and the McCormick family settled permanently in 1834. In addition to subsistence agriculture, the island's lumber, stone quarries, and fishing supported inhabitants. Wine-making on Pelee Island began in the 1860s.

Pelee Island features an original 1833 lighthouse that was once used to guide sailors through the rocky Pelee Passage. Lake Erie is full of shipwrecks; Pelee Passage alone contains the remains of at least 15 shipwrecks. One wreck that is particularly close to the island, JJ Carroll, is just 100 feet (30 m) off the eastern shore of Fish Point.

Pelee was the site of a battle during the Patriot War. The Battle of Pelee Island took place along what is now the Michigan-Ontario border in 1838 involving small groups of men on each side of the border seeking to "liberate" Upper Canada from the British. On February 26, 1838, 300 men captured the island, and on March 3 they were repulsed and either fled the island or were captured.

Climate
Due to its southerly location and the moderating effect of Lake Erie, it has a slightly milder climate than inland areas. Its climate is one of the mildest in Canada.

Winters are cold with a January average of −5.0 °C (23.0 °F) and the average annual snowfall is 76 cm (29.9 in), which falls mainly from November to April. Summers are warm and humid with a July high of 27.5 °C (81.5 °F) and a low of 18.9 °C (66.0 °F). Temperatures rarely go over 32 °C (89.6 °F), averaging 4 days per year. Pelee Island and Point Pelee receive the fewest days with precipitation in Ontario, averaging 75 days with measurable precipitation, and drought-like conditions occur every 4–5 years. The average annual precipitation is 891 mm (35 in) which is evenly distributed throughout the year with January and February being the driest months

By boat
There are two ferries from Canada and one from the US. You should make reservations as they can be fully booked for weeks.

The leisurely cruise to Pelee Island can range from 1½ to just over 2 hours depending on departure routes. The ferry service splits the season between Leamington and Kingsville on the Ontario mainland. Leaving from Leamington from early spring until August, the ferry then finishes the season (mid-December) in nearby Kingsville. The ferry from Pelee Island to Sandusky, Ohio runs only from late spring until early fall, while Jiimaan runs from the Canadian ports of Leamington and/or Kingsville from early spring until early December.

During the winter season (starting December 11 until the start of the ferry the next year) Pelee Island Transportation Company operates an air service to the Pelee Island Airport from Windsor.

Personal vessels can reserve daily or overnight dock space on the north part of the island.

By plane
Pelee Island Airport (ICAO: CYPT) receives private aircraft and regular flying schedules. The Pelee Island Transportation Company offers regularly scheduled flights during the winter months and can be contacted at or  for more information. The Griffing Flying Service offers daily year round service from Sandusky, Ohio to Pelee Island and other Lake Erie Islands. For reservations, call.

Get around
Bicycling is the best way to see the 13.5-km (9-mile) island. They are available for rent near the West Dock.

See

 * Pelee Island is one of Ontario's most botanically significant sites, and features several Nature Conservancy of Canada areas, and two Provincial Nature Reserves, Lighthouse Point Nature Reserve and Fish Point Nature Reserve. Glaciation left a variety of habitats for wildlife, such as wetlands, sand dunes, alvars (areas of limestone with a shallow overburden), and deep soils suitable to the trees of the Eastern Deciduous Forest zone. Pelee Island is home to numerous species at risk including flora and fauna as insects, snails, mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians.
 * Pelee Island is one of Ontario's most botanically significant sites, and features several Nature Conservancy of Canada areas, and two Provincial Nature Reserves, Lighthouse Point Nature Reserve and Fish Point Nature Reserve. Glaciation left a variety of habitats for wildlife, such as wetlands, sand dunes, alvars (areas of limestone with a shallow overburden), and deep soils suitable to the trees of the Eastern Deciduous Forest zone. Pelee Island is home to numerous species at risk including flora and fauna as insects, snails, mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians.
 * Pelee Island is one of Ontario's most botanically significant sites, and features several Nature Conservancy of Canada areas, and two Provincial Nature Reserves, Lighthouse Point Nature Reserve and Fish Point Nature Reserve. Glaciation left a variety of habitats for wildlife, such as wetlands, sand dunes, alvars (areas of limestone with a shallow overburden), and deep soils suitable to the trees of the Eastern Deciduous Forest zone. Pelee Island is home to numerous species at risk including flora and fauna as insects, snails, mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians.

Do

 * Bike on the Lakeview Trail, a loop around the island's perimeter. Bicycle rentals are available near the ferry docks in summer. Parking, rest areas, washrooms, and air pumps are available at points along the route.
 * Swim in Lake Erie. Public beach access points provide signage with water quality information. Swimmers should take note that the Lake Erie's waters can be rough, and water in the area can be susceptible to toxic algae.

 * Canada Day (July 1) is celebrated on the island with a fireworks display and a parade along the West Shore Road.
 * Canada Day (July 1) is celebrated on the island with a fireworks display and a parade along the West Shore Road.
 * Canada Day (July 1) is celebrated on the island with a fireworks display and a parade along the West Shore Road.
 * Canada Day (July 1) is celebrated on the island with a fireworks display and a parade along the West Shore Road.
 * Canada Day (July 1) is celebrated on the island with a fireworks display and a parade along the West Shore Road.

Buy
A farmer's market is held every Saturday in the Quarry throughout the summer.

Sleep
Accommodations can fill up long before summer or during events. Many island regulars book their lodging as soon as the ferry accepts reservations for the summer schedule, months in advance. Bed and breakfast hosts also provide rooms throughout the island.

Go next

 * Kingsville and Leamington — connect the island to Essex County on the mainland, one of Ontario's wine regions.
 * Sandusky, Ohio ― served by the ferry during during the summer. Home to the Cedar Point amusement park, and just over an hour away from both Toledo and Cleveland.
 * Windsor ― an hour's drive from the mainland ferry docks; a multicultural border city, across from Detroit, Michigan.

title: Pelee Island


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Pelham

There is more than one place called Pelham:

Canada

 * Pelham (Ontario) - A town in Ontario.

United States of America

 * Pelham (Alabama) - A town in Alabama.
 * Pelham (Georgia) - A town in Georgia.
 * Pelham (Massachusetts) - A town in Massachusetts.
 * Pelham (New Hampshire) - A town in New Hampshire.
 * Pelham (New York) - A town in New York.

title: Pelham


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Pelham (New York)

Pelham is a town in Westchester County, New York. It contains villages called Pelham and Pelham Manor.

Understand
Pelham is a wealthy town just northeast of the Bronx, with quite a few beautiful buildings and leafy streets.

By train
The trip from Grand Central Terminal on Metro North takes 23 minutes during peak hours and not much more than that off-peak.

By car
The Hutchinson River Parkway and the New England Thruway (I-95) go right through Pelham.

By bus
Several Bee Line bus routes go through Pelham and connect with the Bronx and with other Westchester County cities to the north and west. The fare is $2.75, and you can use a MetroCard and get a free transfer from buses and subways in the Bronx or other Westchester County buses.

Go next

 * New York City is an obvious place to go next, if you didn't come from there in the first place.
 * In particular, the Bronx is just south and west of Pelham. Pelham Bay Park, the largest park in New York City (3 times the size of Central Park), is quite close to Pelham.
 * To the east are various more or less picturesque towns on the Long Island Sound, starting with the city of New Rochelle and the town of Larchmont and extending into Connecticut.

title: Pelham (New York)


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Pelhřimov

Pelhřimov is a small district capital (16,000 people) in Vysočina with a nice town square and historical centre. With a fountain in the middle of the square and historical buildings around it is a beautiful place to stop when travelling from the highway (exit 90 - Humpolec) towards České Budějovice.

Pelhřimov is a venue of the international festival “Pelhřimov – the City of Records”. The town centre is beautiful, very compact and the surrounding country is a great place to take a bike or just ride around during sunny summer days.

By bus or train
The go regularly, many times a day, find one at IDOS

The is not as good, from Prague you have to go through Tábor.

From Prague by car
Take the D1 highway towards Brno and exit at km 86 (Humpolec), after exit turn left and follow the road. After approx 15 kilometers you are in Pelhřimov

Get around
You can walk around Pelhřimov on foot, as everything there is so close. You can get a taxi, ask at the hotel or locals to give you a phone number. The taxis are very cheap there.

By bicycle
Because Pelhřimov is located in this beautiful highlands of Vysočina, you will definitely enjoy taking a bike and spending an afternoon in nature.

See
Historical town square has beautiful houses and a fountain in the middle. You can do some small shopping at the square. Visit the church tower for a scenic view of the town.

Buy
Do not expect to go shopping in Pelhřimov. You can go buy food and the basic things there, but no designer fashion stores or malls around.

Drink
Stop for a coffee in a cafe Atelier where the locals meet.

Eat
For good food around go to Motel Farma Poříčí, (on the road from Humpolec to Pelhřimov - approx. 2 km before Pelhřimov) where you can rent high quality rooms. This motel is located in nature with lots of space around, a farm, etc. The best place around to sleep and eat.

Sleep

 * Hotel Slavie on the town square, with a restaurant downstairs (not good) and Pizzeria upstairs (not good). The rooms should be clean.
 * Penzion Lucerna is near the town square and is said to be nice and clean. Ask the locals where to find these.

title: Pelhřimov


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Pelister National Park

Pelister National Park is in Western North Macedonia near Bitola.

Understand

Park straddles North Macedonia's southern border with Greece, running along the magnificent Baba Mountain. Its highest peak - Pelister (2601 m) is the third-highest in North Macedonia after Korab and Titov Vrv. It is 15 km from North Macedonia's second city, Bitola, and makes for an invigorating natural escape from urban life.

History
Pelister National Park was established in 1948 and is the first national park in the country. It is also the second largest national park in North Macedonia after Mavrovo National Park.

Landscape
Pelister is rugged and mountainous.

Flora and fauna
Pelister National Park is filled with exquisite flora and fauna. Among flora elements, the presence is especially significant of the five-needle pine molica (Pinus peuce)- a unique species of tertiary age being present on only a few mountains in the Balkan Peninsula. The beauty of the landscape is enhanced by the diversified wildlife: bears, roe deer, wolves, chamois, deer, wild boars, rabbits, several species of eagles, partridges, red-billed jackdaws, and the endemic Macedonian Pelagonia trout.

Climate
The climate is diverse all over the park.

Get in
Pelister is 14 km from Bitola, 75 km from Ohrid's Airport or 170 km from Skopje's Airport.

The best way to reach Pelister would be from Bitola, across the villages of Trnovo and Magarevo. No public transport is available, so taxis and private cars are the only options to get there. A taxi from Bitola to the park's information center costs about 400 denars. Alternatively, a taxi from Bitola to the entrance of the National Park, near Magarevo, costs 200 denars if called in advance if you don't mind the extra walk.

Fees and permits
Entrance fee: 50 denars per car.

Get around
Taxis cost pretty cheap, around 100 denars for a ride, but it will require most likely ordering a taxi by phone from Bitola.

There is a road going from Dihovo to Nizepole village and further into mountains which offers quite spectacular views. Accessible either by car, bicycle or on foot. There is a few forks of it leading to Brajcino village (22 km), Little and Big Lakes.

See

 * The views of Pelagonia valley, Lake Prespa, mountains Nidzhe, Galichica, Jakupica, and Bitola.
 * The two mountain lakes called Pelister's Eyes. The Big lake is 2,218 m above the sea level while the Small lake is 2,180 m high. They are the sources of many rivers. It's possible to swim in the small one during summer time. It's about 5 hr walk from Dihovo to small lake one way.

Dihovo village

 * There is a walk to Small and Big rocks which are local landmarks.
 * Churches of Sv Nedela and Sv Nicolas.

Do

 * Pelister is known for great skiing.
 * Lots of nice hiking trails with good views, e.g. Children, Historical and Stone Trails. . Refer to online map for all available hiking routes.
 * A few mountain bike tracks.
 * A few mountain bike tracks.

Sleep
You can be sleep over in many hotels, or in 3 mountain houses.

Dihovo village
It's about 5 km away from Bitola which is 5-10 minute drive by asphalt road. Taxi fare from Bitola to Dihovo is 120-140 denars.

Trnovo village
Near Dihovo village, about 5 km away from Bitola

Go next

 * Brajčino — picturesque village located in the mountains of Western North Macedonia, just off the eastern shore of Lake Prespa.
 * Bitola — one of the most European-flavoured cities in the country, Bitola is known for its colourful neo-classical architecture and the Ancient Macedon ruins of Heraclea Lyncestis nearby.

title: Pelister National Park


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Pella (Jordan)

Pella is a town in Northern Jordan.

Understand
Pella (known in Arabic as Tabaqat Fahl (طبقة فحل)) is a village and the site of ancient ruins in northwestern Jordan, some 130 km north of Amman in the Jordan River Valley. It is half an hour by car from Irbid, in the north of the country.

See
The site has been continuously occupied since Neolithic times. First mentioned in the 19th century BC in Egyptian inscriptions, its name was Hellenised to Pella, perhaps to honour Alexander the Great's birthplace. The Roman city, of which some spectacular ruins remain, supplanted the Hellenistic city. During this period Pella was one of the cities making up the Decapolis. The Decapolis were twelve (despite the name) cities in Israel, Jordan and southern Syria which were centres of Greco-Roman culture. The city was the site of one of Christianity's earliest churches. According to Eusebius of Caesarea it was a refuge for Jerusalem Christians in the 1st century AD who were fleeing the Great Jewish Revolt.

The city was destroyed by the Golan earthquake of 749. A small village remains in the area. Only small portions of the ruins have been excavated.

The University of Sydney and the Jordanian Department of Antiquities have been conducting excavations at Pella since 1979. The focus has been on the site's Bronze Age and Iron Age temples and administrative buildings which were first exposed in 1994.

Just below the ancient site is a mosque which commemorates the death of one of the Companions of the Prophet Mohammed, who fell in battle here during the Battle of Fahl in January 635 CE.

title: Pella (Jordan)


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Pelling

Pelling is a small town in West Sikkim. Pelling is famous for its magnificent views of the snow-capped mountains of Kanchenjunga. Situated at an altitude of 1,900 m (6,250 ft), the location offers good views of the surrounding mountain ranges including the Koktang, Frey, Rathong, Kabru North and Kabru South, Kabru Dom, Talung Kanchenjunga, Pandim, Jopuno, Tinchikhang, Narsing and others.

Understand
Freddie Pelling founded the town during British rule. He organised protection for the townspeople who lived under threat from raiders coming from the north who stole minerals from the mines there. Since then, Freddie Pelling has become a local hero. Each year there is a parade through the town commemorating him, and celebrating the changes he made. As a token of their thanks they renamed the village after him.

Culture
The local Limboo (indigenous) people are regarded by outsiders as being physically strong, openhearted and independent people. Limboo has several sub castes or clans including Khamdhak, Muringla, Tamling, Lingden and Pegha.

About 95% of the people live by subsistence farming activities. The area is sparsely populated and the people live in houses scattered across the terrain of the Himalayas. Agriculture is the paramount occupation of the villagers. The main crops cultivated are cardamom, maize, millet, paddy, wheat and buckwheat.

The small castle like local houses are the typical traditional architecture of the Limboo people and have a large courtyard, unique balconies and beautiful galleries.

Music and dances
Folk songs and dances of the Limbo tribe are rich and energetic. The traditional Limbo dance and song with the ‘Chabb-rung’ (drum) is performed during festivals and other important occasions. The Limbo men wear Po-hok-ma and ‘'Sumba'’. This is slightly similar to the Daura Suruwal (Nepali dress). The women wear an ankle length dress Sim and Hambari, which is usually bright in colour and made from a finely woven fabric with traditional patterns.

Arts and crafts
The region produces local handicrafts items made from wood, wool and bamboo.

Tourism
Village tourism in Sikkim is a booming industry and the local community strives to manage it in a manner that is environmentally, culturally and socially responsible. The local community is at the centre of the planning, implementation and monitoring processes. This local involvement assists in the conservation of the areas natural and cultural resources.

Local educated but unemployed youth have organised themselves into the Darap Eco-Tourism Committee. The Darap Eco-Tourism Committee is a local community based organisation leading the village community in matters related to tourism development. The committee aims to ensure the development of sustainable tourism in the village. It has its own tourism office at Darap. Formed in 2005 the objectives are to build awareness about natural and cultural resources and to mobilise the villagers in tourism and conservation activities.

Get in
Pelling is about 133 km away from Siliguri and 125 km from Gangtok and well connected by bus and jeep services.

By jeep
The quickest way to get to Pelling is to take a 30 min share jeep from Geyzing which acts as the main transport hub for the area. However, if you are sick of being crushed amongst 10 other locals then the walk along the road is particularly pleasant and it should only take around 4-6 hr.

There are regular jeep service from Gangtok at 7AM and 12:30PM. Look for them at the West Sikkim taxi jeep stand near the Gangtok police headquarters.

Jeeps are also available at the jeep stand at 1PM going to Kechapalari lake and Rimbi, these travel via Pelling on that route.

Jeeps are available from Siliguri in the afternoon, one jeep hired up to Pelling will cost ₹3000-4000.

By bus
SNT Bus are also available from Siliguri (SNT) at Hill Cart Road at 12:30PM.

Walk
Guides are available in Pelling for nature walks and monastic treks. Some of the younger men and boys of the district have benefited from a training program provided by the Government of Sikkim. Ask in the tourism office as they may only be booked through there.

Do

 * Monastery trek: Pelling is the starting point of the Monastery trek Pelling to Kechapalari Llake (6 hr), Kechapalari Lake to Yuksum (3 to 4 hr) and Yuksum to Tashiding (6 hr) The trek follows small local paths as well as the very quiet main road. It is a rewarding 3-day trek. A handmade map is available at Tourist Information Centre. The paths are poorly marked, but the best strategy is to simply ask a local to point you in the right direction. You will never be lost as the countryside is dotted with small villages throughout it.
 * Darap Village Amongst the few unexplored areas this village historically known as Therap, meaning flat land, is home to a few of the Limboo people. Tucked away in the interiors of Himalayan belt, this cold, high altitude village was long unknown to the outside world. Sitting at an altitude well over 1,600 m (5,250 ft) above mean sea level, the valley is exposed to temperature variations of -5℃ to 28℃. This makes Darap a storehouse of various rare and endangered species of flora and fauna. The Limboo culture is also well preserved in this valley.  Darap village is rich in natural resources, bio-diversity and particularly very rich in cultures and customs of local tribes called ‘Limboo'.

 * Darap is easily accessible as it is well connected with roadways from different corners of Sikkim. The nearest railhead is about 145 km (4½ hr drive). The nearest airport is about 115 km away and the journey is approximately 5 hr by road.

 * Trekking and village walks including observation of rural lifestyle with participation in organic farming activities for those who may be interested.
 * Traditional house visits
 * Cultural shows and ancient Limboo story telling sessions
 * Handicraft making
 * Visit the cave at Khanchendzongna National Park
 * Bird watching
 * Volunteer to assist with community programs

 * Fishing at Rimbi An ideal place for fishing is located 2 km away from Darap. Enjoy the day fishing. ‘Assala’ local fish has a very unique taste and is only found in this region.
 * Hot Stone bath
 * Jungle walk-bird watching Darap is situated at the door step of Khanchendzongna Biosphere Reserve (KBR) which is very rich in flora and fauna.
 * Local Language Learning: Learn local languages -Limboo, Lepcha (Tribe of Sikkim), Bhutia and Nepali languages or even arrangement can be made to interact with the local school students (share your experiences) with them.
 * Limboo Heritage House: Built in 1810 by Limboo Village Chieftain (Mondal). Traditional architecture
 * Milking a cow: For those who have grown up in urban areas and wanted to know about rural life.
 * Rani dunga Religious and nature trek (Darap to Neydham via Rani Dhunga)
 * Singhalilla nature, culture and adventure trek in the Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve.
 * Trekking into West Sikkim (Darap to Dzongri and the Goecha La)
 * Yuma Meditation Centre. Find out about Yuma (goddess).

Buy
You will find small shops selling gift items, maps, postcards, water bottle, from Upper Pelling to Lower Pelling. Since Pelling is a tourist destination please be careful you may pay double the usual price.

There is only one bank and one ATM in Pelling, the State Bank of India and it does not exchange foreign currency or travellers cheques. It may also run out of cash, so bringing a sufficient amount from Gangtok or Siliguri may be a good idea. Facilities are available in Siliguri, Darjeeling or Gangtok. It best to carry ₹100 notes which can be used anywhere in Pelling.

Drink
Places where you can eat and drink include The Treat, Pork, Deorali, Ladak Restaurant, Have More and many other small small joints where you can get momo and thukpa. You can also try tongba, a fermented millet wine served in a bamboo container with bamboo straw. The standard price of tingba is ₹50.

Sleep
Home-stay accommodations for tourists are being organized by the Darap Eco-Tourism Committee at the houses of committee members. Sikkimise village culture and hospitality is distinctively friendly and open and guests are made to feel as though they are part of family and made welcome to join the village activities with their children, partners or group of friends. So far, the society has identified 30 houses for Home-stays, out of which six are the operators. Maintenance of other houses is under way.

Pelling is a small place with almost 80 to 90 hotels. Pelling's high season is during the months of September and October. Standard room rates vary between ₹500-800. Rates are more at Upper Pelling and progressively decrease as you approach Lower Pelling. Room rates may be halved during low-season. Most hotels are on the 2 km stretch of road between Upper, Middle and Lower Pelling. Hotels at Lower Pelling cater mainly for Indian visitors, hotels at Upper Pelling usually have nice views.

Medium

 * Ifseen Villa, Naku Pelling, Phone +91 99325 14333, e-mail: ifseenvilla@gmail.com.  Family run enterprise known for superior hospitality, food, ambience, cleanliness.
 * Ifseen Villa, Naku Pelling, Phone +91 99325 14333, e-mail: ifseenvilla@gmail.com.  Family run enterprise known for superior hospitality, food, ambience, cleanliness.
 * Ifseen Villa, Naku Pelling, Phone +91 99325 14333, e-mail: ifseenvilla@gmail.com.  Family run enterprise known for superior hospitality, food, ambience, cleanliness.

Go next
Shared jeeps operate from the crossing at Upper Pelling to Gyalshing between 6AM and 4PM, to Gangtok via Ravangla at 7AM and noon (₹150) and to Siliguri at 7AM (₹150).

To Siliguri
S.N.T Bus: only one bus is available to reach Siliguri Via Jorethang departing 7AM (₹120). Advance bus ticketing is available at SNT, Lower Pelling at their counter in Hotel Pelling, tel 03595 250 707.

Jeeps to Siliguri are available only at 7AM from Father Travels.

To Gangtok
Jeeps are available at Father Travels at 7AM (Mr. Kancha Daju's Vehicle) and also at noon.

title: Pelling


text:
Peloponnese

Peloponnese is a peninsula in southern Greece. Once a peninsula connected to the rest of the country by the Isthmus of Corinth, it is now cut off from the mainland by the narrow Corinth Canal, spanned by bridges connecting Peloponnese to Attica across the canal.

Cities
Upon entering through Corinth Isthmos
 * — A quiet resort, with very good hotels, a beach and a casino.
 * — A nondescript port town. Can serve as a base for Mycenae. Some miles away the ancient Corinth, with the ruins of one of the first civilizations of Greece.

Along the north-west route:

 * — Pretty nondescript city, the third largest in Greece. Main point of arrival for ferries from Italy and Ionian islands.
 * — Birthplace of the Olympics.
 * — A nice town in the centre of Kyparissian Gulf.
 * — Very picturesque city in the southwest. Many French-style buildings, as well as a marina and a gloriously shady square.
 * — A seaside town south of Pylos. Its main feature is a spectacularly positioned and well preserved castle, which contains both Venetian and Ottoman elements. The town itself is also pleasingly old, and there is a small but delightful beach near the castle.
 * — About 30 minutes drive further on from Finikounda is Koroni, a fishing village which snuggles beneath its great Venetian fortress that overlooks the beautiful harbourfront with pavement cafes and fish restaurants with fresh local produce and authentic Greek cuisine. Just before Koroni is the beautiful Zaga unspoilt beach and beyond are many other beaches.
 * — Main city of Messinia Province. Famous for its olives but also a pleasant city with an attractive seafront and stylish new marina.
 * — About 30 minutes drive further on from Finikounda is Koroni, a fishing village which snuggles beneath its great Venetian fortress that overlooks the beautiful harbourfront with pavement cafes and fish restaurants with fresh local produce and authentic Greek cuisine. Just before Koroni is the beautiful Zaga unspoilt beach and beyond are many other beaches.
 * — Main city of Messinia Province. Famous for its olives but also a pleasant city with an attractive seafront and stylish new marina.

Along the central route:

 * — A typical town of the area, hosting interesting ancient and Byzantine monuments.
 * — The center of the administrative area, the third biggest.
 * — Small and scenic mountainous village, mildly touristic, with beautiful views of the Tripoli plateau and the surrounding region. Almost deserted by its inhabitants during winter and revived during summer.
 * — This historic city has a population of 10,000. It has two main arteries which make navigation really easy. To the west of the City is the beautiful, rugged Mt. Taygetos.
 * — The Byzantine city of Mystras is a short 15-minute ride from Sparta. This has relics worthy of a visit.
 * — A small fishing village. Nice seafood restaurants with plenty of beaches in the area mostly frequented by locals. Nearby Caves of Dyros is a large limestone cave system which is toured on a boat. Here you will find the point where Helen of Troy is said to have started the Trojan War. "The woman who launched a thousand ships."

Along the east route:
 * — One of the oldest cities of Europe, Argos boasts some ancient ruins including an amphitheater, as well as a medieval castle.
 * — A good base to explore surrounding area which includes Epidaurus theater and Mycenae.
 * — A picturesque seaside village, nearby one of the most famous ancient theaters. Catch an ancient play in the summertime.
 * — A typical well preserved old town of the area
 * — A small (population approx. 400), beautiful village, combining sea and mountains. Ideal for mountain ramblers.
 * — The Rock of Gibraltar of Greece. Really pretty with an ancient walled city.
 * — A picturesque seaside village, nearby one of the most famous ancient theaters. Catch an ancient play in the summertime.
 * — A typical well preserved old town of the area
 * — A small (population approx. 400), beautiful village, combining sea and mountains. Ideal for mountain ramblers.
 * — The Rock of Gibraltar of Greece. Really pretty with an ancient walled city.

Along the west route:
 * Kalo Nero Kyparissia - Today, the village has developed into a well-organised tourist resort with all the necessary comforts, as taverns, apartments, cafe-bars and nice beaches. Family hotel Irida Resort in Paralia, is a cultural oasis in Kalo Nero's most successful tourism resort.
 * Gialova - An exceptionally pretty fishing village near Pylos in the Southwest. There are a couple of nice hotels to stay in, as well as an excellent campsite. The village also boasts several fine eateries, none of which are too expensive.
 * Finikounda - A smaller town about 10 minutes drive from Methoni. It is a little more touristy, but does offer wonderful beaches and some nice tavernas.

Along the central route:
 * Loussios Valey - the cradle of the Greek independence revolution, surrounded by beautiful villages and historic sites.
 * - the southeastern tip of continental Europe, one of the most harsh places of Peloponnese during historic times, now hosting many interesting villages, views and beaches.

Along the east route: Porto Heli, a seaside resort area

History
From the 6th century BC, Sparta dominated the Peloponnese, and compelled its neighbours, including Arcadia, to join its Peloponnesian League and fight in its wars. The Spartan military dominance that enabled this interference in Arcadian affairs was suddenly ended in 371 BC, when Epaminondas and his Theban army decisively defeated a Spartan army at Leuctra. In the aftermath, the Arcadian League was formed, combining various cities of Arcadia into a federal league. After its establishment, the Arcadian League took an active role in the politics of the Peloponnese. However, by 362 BC, the question of whether to continue as an ally of Thebes had become so pressing as to divide the Arcadian League. The cities of the league therefore ended up fighting on different sides at the Battle of Mantinea. After the battle, and the end of the Theban hegemony, the influence of the Arcadian League diminished. Although it never regained the prominence it had held during the 360s, an Arcadian league in some form—whether a continuation or a recreation of the original league is unclear—continued to exist in the years after the Battle of Mantinea. Various references indicate that the league endured at least into the 3rd century BC. The date of its final disappearance is uncertain, but at the latest it had vanished by the 230s BC, when the Arcadian cities joined the Achaean League.

After the collapse of the Roman power in the west, Arcadia became part of the Byzantine Empire. Arcadia remained a rustic, secluded area, and its inhabitants became proverbial as primitive herdsmen leading simple pastoral unsophisticated yet happy lives, to the point that Arcadia may refer to some imaginary idyllic paradise, immortalized by Virgil's Eclogues, and later by Jacopo Sannazaro in his pastoral masterpiece, Arcadia (1504). After the fourth crusade, the area became a part of the Principality of Achaea. In the mid-15th century, the region fell into the hands of the Ottoman Turks with some exceptions in the 16th century for a couple of years. The Latin phrase Et in Arcadia ego which is usually interpreted to mean "I am also in Arcadia" or "I am even in Arcadia" is an example of memento mori, a cautionary reminder of the transitory nature of life and the inevitability of death. The phrase is most often associated with a 1647 painting by Nicolas Poussin, also known as "The Arcadian Shepherds". In the painting the phrase appears as an inscription on a tomb discovered by youthful figures in classical garb.

After 400 years of occupation by the Ottomans, Arcadia was the centre of the Greek War of Independence which saw victories in their battles including one in Tripoli. After a victorious revolutionary war, Arcadia was finally incorporated into a newly created Greek state. Arcadia saw economic growth and small emigration. In the 20th century, Arcadia experienced extensive population loss through emigration, mostly to the Americas. Many Arcadian villages lost almost half their inhabitants, and fears arose that they would turn into ghost towns. Arcadia now has a smaller population than Corinthia.

Climate
The climate consists of hot summers and mild winters in the eastern part, the southern part, the low lying areas and the central area at altitudes lower than 1,000 m. The area primarily receives rain during fall and winter months in the rest of Arcadia. Winter snow occurs commonly in the mountainous areas for much of the west and the northern part, the Taygetus area, the Mainalon.

Talk

 * Please see this section at the country level for a full discussion

Greek is spoken in this region, as are the usual foreign languages like English or German to cater to tourists.

Get in

 * From Athens, by car or bus; having a car allows occasional stops that are worth along the way to most parts of Peloponnese. Nafplio is a 2-hr ride, Sparta about 4 hr, Patras about 2½ hr, Kalamata about 3 hr 45 min (3 hr on the nonstop express bus).
 * From Athens, by train, using a Proastiakos Athens (Athens suburban) train, running from Athens International Airport all along the north route to Kiato and Aigio and even Patras through a bus correspondence (with the same ticket).
 * From Athens, by ferry from Piraeus port to the Saronic islands of Poros or Hydra or Spetses. For accessing the mainland using the same ferry one can get off at the port of Methana or Galatas (through Poros town) or Costa. There are car rental agencies also there.
 * From Western Greece / Ipiros to Patras through the Rio - Antirio bridge.
 * To the port of Patras there many ferries daily from Italy and Ionian Islands.

Get around
Usually car or KTEL bus. If the timetable is convenient, the train can sometimes offer a comfortable and cheaper alternative. As of Jan 2011, it was cancelled for all lines, except for the north line Athens to Kiato to Patras.

Ancient and historic sites

 * Ancient Corinth. The relics of the famous town where St Paul lived and taught for quite some time. Nearby is the castle of Acrocorinthos and the opposing Penteskoyfi.
 * Ancient Olympia: The original Olympic games were in Olympia in honor of Zeus.
 * Mycenae: From the hill on which the palace was located you can see across the Argolid to the Saronic Gulf.
 * Epidaurus - Ancient theatre: A small city (polis) in ancient Greece, at the Saronic Gulf. One of the greatest ancient theatres in the world.
 * Nafplio It is a beautiful seaport town in the Peloponnese in Greece.
 * Mantineia, the relics of the ancient town
 * Nemea,
 * Epicurious Apollo Temple, in the mid west area, at Bassae — a UNESCO World Heritage site. As the temple is in a fragile condition it is covered under an enormous tent to protect if from the forces of weather.
 * Villa of Herodes Atticus, ancient Roman villa of Herodes Atticus, on the outskirts of the community of Doliana.
 * Pylos : A large bay and a town on the west coast of the Peloponnese.
 * The historic villages of Lousios river valley. On northwestern Arcadia. The most famous is Dimitsana. It was built on the ruins of the ancient town Teuthis. All took part in the Greek revolution in 1821.
 * Patras' Roman relics and the relevant museum.
 * Chlemoutsi medieval castle on the northwest.

Natural wonders

 * Corinth Canal : The builders dug the canal through the Isthmus at sea level. It is 6.3 km (3.9 mi) in length and was built between 1881 and 1893.
 * Diros Cave, near the homonym town in Mani, Laconia, Greece.
 * Ladon River: Rivers were personified and credited with wooing nymphs and human maidens and fathering children.
 * Lousios and Neda river valleys
 * Rack-and-pinion railway, Diakofta-Calavrita
 * Porto Kayo, the southern tip of Europe

Do

 * Bungy jumping into Corinth Channel:
 * Windsurfing
 * White-water activities.
 * Providers:
 * Alpin Club.
 * Trekking Hellas.
 * Trekking Hellas.

 * Yachting

Buy

 * Komboloi (worry beads), the best being in Nafplio.
 * Ceramics and sculptures from Atelier Sud art gallery near Finikounda.

Eat

 * "Psistaria" or "Souvla" (meaning broiled food in general and also the broiling apparatus)
 * Gourounopoula (Roasted Pig),
 * Arnaki Souvlas (Roasted Lamb)
 * Kontosouvli (turn-roasted pieces of pork usually)
 * Pasto (smoked pork)
 * Loukaniko (regional sausage with orange) from the South area
 * Kokoras Krasatos or Kokoras Horiatikos (rooster in wine sauce or country-cooked rooster)
 * Gida vrasti (goat stew), from the northeast area.

Any of the local production of olives (specially southwest), grapes (specially northeast) and oranges (specially northeast).

Other typical Greek foods, such as: Horiatiki Salata (mixed salad), Tyri Saganaki (fried cheese), Kokkinisto (tomato sauce stew), Tyropitakia (cheese pies), Souvlaki, Pastitsio (pasta in the oven), Gemista (stuffed vegetables) etc.

Drink

 * Ouzo, (liquor)
 * Tsipouro, grapes made liquor
 * Agiorgitiko, white dry wine
 * Mavrodafni, sweet dark red wine in the Patras area
 * Moschato, sweet red wine
 * Moschofilero, white dry wine
 * Xinomavro, red dry wine
 * Frappe (coffee)

Stay safe
In general Greece is quite a safe place to visit, although the notorious dangers can be found here as well: Pickpockets in the cities and larger towns and drunk fellow-tourists at nighttime.

Go next

 * Stay in Nafplio and drive in radial directions to ancient sightseeing (Ancient Olympia, Epidaurus, Mycenae, Argos, Corinth, Mystra, Sparta), one destination a day.
 * From the port of Kyllini in the north west of the Peloponnese, ferries serve the Ionian Islands of Kefalonia and Zakynthos
 * From the port of Patras there many ferries daily to Italy
 * From Kythera island there are boats to Crete every few days.

title: Peloponnese


text:
Pelorus Bridge

Pelorus Bridge is a locality centred on the bridge over the Pelorus River between Havelock and Rai Valley on SH 6, the main road between Blenheim and Nelson, in New Zealand. The native forest around the bridge is conserved as the Pelorus Bridge Scenic Reserve. The bridge has played an important part in the area's history, but today the focus (especially for visitors) is the area's scenery.

History
The Pelorus valley was the site of a massacre of the Ngati Kuia and Ngati Apa tribes by the Māori chief Te Rauparaha, who came from the North Island coast, west of Wellington. The first Europeans to arrive in 1843 found a few remaining Māori people producing flax for Te Rauparaha. The original route to Nelson went through the site of this reserve and over the Maungatapu Saddle. Later, the path that SH6 follows today was discovered, and a bridge was built across the Pelorus River around 1860. The Pelorus Bridge location was set aside for a future township, but in the early 1900s this was changed to try to preserve the area's natural beauty. The present bridge was built in the 1950s.

Flora and fauna
Pelorus Bridge has some well-marked nature rambles through some magnificent old-growth native forest. This sort of podocarp hardwood forest used to be found at low altitude throughout New Zealand, except in the drier eastern parts of the South Island. In their undisturbed state these lowland forests are luxuriant and often present a distinctly tropical character, with their dense undergrowth of shrubs, ferns, tree-ferns, lianas and epiphytes. Hardwood species such as tawa and kamahi form the canopy, while the tall podocarps soar high above it. The presence and distribution of the various species of podocarp trees depends on a variety of factors including local conditions of soil and climate and past volcanic activity. These trees, especially rimu, totara and kahikatea, can live to be very old and reach huge dimensions. Broadleaf forest occupies the moist and fertile river flats here, with black and hard beech more common on the steeper slopes above the Pelorus River gorge.

Do

 * Bush walks for all levels of fitness in native bush.
 * Swimming hole.

From the car park on the north side of the road (right hand side coming from Havelock) you can access the Totara Walk, a circular gravelled path. What makes this walk especially pleasant is that the well formed path is usually well-drained, despite affording tantalising glimpses of the clear and sweet running Pelorus River with its deep (and cold) swimming holes, and loops back to the car park while keeping substantially to the level. It's free of charge.

On the south side of the highway is a larger car park (with spaces large enough for buses) and a cafe and the Department of Conservation (DoC) office.

Just to the west of the cafe is a 500-m-long gravelled road leading to the Kahikatea Flat camp site. Even if you are not camping, you might want to stroll down the road for 5 min until it ends and then head off on your right towards the stand of soaring kahikatea (white pine) trees. The size of these trees is unique in this region and the story goes that they were spared because of the rivalry of two saw mill owners: The proprietor to the north of the stand, believed that the land was the concession of the proprietor to the south and the proprietor to the south believed that it was the territory of the saw mill proprietor to the north and the trees were spared by this confusion.

The river is great here - one can often seen kingfishers - and there is some river sand for kids to play in. But be careful and vigilant as the river is deep and currents can be powerful and swift.

As well as the short circular Tawa Walk adjacent to the car park entry on the left, there are also longer walks here to waterfalls and, on these less frequented paths, you will see (or hear) several species of native bird including the large native pigeon, bellbirds, tui and fantails.

On the south side of the highway is a larger car park (with spaces large enough for buses) and a cafe and the Department of Conservation (DoC) office. There are toilets by both car parks.

Go next

 * Havelock
 * Rai Valley

title: Pelorus Bridge


text:
Pelotas

Pelotas is a municipality in the extreme south of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil's southernmost state, on the west of Lagoa dos Patos. The city is known as the National Capital of Sweets and has important European-style buildings. Whether you're a history enthusiast, a food lover, or simply looking to explore a lesser-known gem, Pelotas has something for everyone who visit.

Understand
With around 320,000 inhabitants, Pelotas is the fourth largest city in Rio Grande do Sul and the second largest in the interior of the state. Known for its rich history, stunning architecture, unique cuisine and vibrant cultural festivals, Pelotas is a must-see destination for travelers looking to explore southern Brazil.

The city's colonial heritage is evident in its architecture, with a mix of styles ranging from neoclassical and neogothic to art deco. As you wander through the streets of Pelotas, you'll be greeted by splendid mansions, charming squares, and beautifully preserved buildings that showcase the city's historical grandeur.

Founded in 1812, Pelotas was an important economic center during the 19th century, thanks to its role in the trade in charque, a type of jerky beef that was exported to many parts of the world and that was highly valued at the time. The wealth generated from the charque industry allowed Pelotas to flourish and become an important commercial center. Today, the legacy of this era can be seen in the city's opulent European-style mansions, which were once the residences of wealthy charque barons and ranchers.

In addition to its architectural beauty, Pelotas is famous for its culinary traditions, particularly its delightful sweets. The city's confectionery heritage is deeply ingrained in its culture, and visitors are treated to a wide array of traditional sweets and pastries. The doces de pelotas (Pelotas Sweets) made with skillful craftsmanship and using traditional recipes, are a true highlight of the local gastronomy. From the famous "pé de moleque" to the mouthwatering "quindim," these desserts are not to be missed.

In addition to its historical and gastronomic offerings, Pelotas is a city that embraces arts and culture. It is home to a thriving arts community, with theaters, museums and cultural centers showcasing local talent and creativity. The city also hosts a variety of festivals and events throughout the year, including music, theater and dance performances, attracting locals and tourists alike.

Pelotas' location close to the coast adds another dimension to its appeal. The town has beautiful beaches, providing opportunities for walks along the coast, water sports or just relaxing in the sun. Praia do Laranjal, located on the shores of Lagoa dos Patos, offers a serene natural refuge where visitors can enjoy the tranquility of the lake and the surrounding greenery.

Climate
Pelotas has a humid subtropical climate, characterized by four distinct seasons throughout the year. The city experiences mild to hot summers and cool winters, with moderate rainfall distributed fairly evenly throughout the year. During the summer months of December to February, temperatures in Pelotas can reach highs of around 30°C (86°F). However, the coastal location of the city brings relief from the heat, as the sea breeze helps to moderate the temperatures. Summer is also the wettest season, with occasional thunderstorms and showers.

Autumn (March to May) and spring (September to November) in Pelotas are mild and pleasant, with temperatures ranging from 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F). These seasons offer comfortable weather for outdoor activities and sightseeing. Winter in Pelotas, from June to August, is relatively cool with temperatures ranging from 5°C to 15°C (41°F to 59°F). It is the driest season, with fewer rainfall events. Occasionally, temperatures can drop below freezing, especially during cold fronts, but snow is extremely rare in the region.

Travelers visiting Pelotas should pack accordingly based on the season. Lightweight clothing and sunscreen are essential for the summer months, while warmer clothing and a jacket are recommended for autumn and spring. In winter, it is advisable to have a coat, hat, and gloves to stay comfortable in the cooler temperatures. Overall, Pelotas enjoys a mild climate throughout the year, making it a pleasant destination for travelers who appreciate a variety of seasons and enjoy exploring the city's attractions in different weather conditions.

By plane
João Simões Lopes Neto International Airport is the only airport serving the city. The airport is located 7 km from the city downtown. It is a small airport, therefore, it has only one room for departures and arrivals and do not expect great amenities, such as a food court, for example. Azul flies from Porto Alegre to Pelotas from Monday to Friday. VoePass has flights from Porto Alegre to Pelotas on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays. Flights from Guarulhos on Gol are also available on Sundays, Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. Taxis are available at the entrance and exit of the airport.

By bus
Expresso Embaixador operates the intercity bus route between Porto Alegre and Pelotas, taking 3 hours and 15 minutes in a comfortable executive bus.

The Pelotas Bus Terminal is located about 3.6 km to the city downtown. Taxis are available in front of the bus station.

By car
The only access route from Porto Alegre to Pelotas and other cities in the south is the BR-116 highway. The route is approximately 260 km. The stretch can be covered in about three hours and has several tolls. Despite the tolls, the quality of the asphalt is not very good and few stretches have a duplicate lane. It is important to be aware of traffic conditions, especially during long holidays, when traffic on the roads can be intense. It is also recommended to check the weather conditions before travelling, as heavy rains can affect the visibility and grip of the track.

Get around
The best way to explore Pelotas is on foot, as many of the city's main attractions are located in a relatively small area. The city downtown, known as "Centro Histórico", is particularly pleasant to explore on foot, as it has a well-preserved collection of historic buildings and squares. However, for those who want to venture out and get to know more of Pelotas' natural beauties, such as Praia do Laranjal, for example, taxis and ride services are readily available.

See
Pelotas offers a wealth of architectural and cultural attractions that are sure to captivate any visitor. Here are some must-see places:

 * Cathedral of St. Francis de Paola: Located in the heart of the city, this stunning neo-barroque cathedral is an architectural masterpiece. Its intricate details and towering spires make it a sight to behold.
 * Charqueada São João: Delve into Pelotas' history by visiting the Charqueada São João, a historic complex that showcases the production process of charque. Visitors can learn about the city's economic importance during the 19th century and gain insight into the local traditions.
 * Mercado Central (Central Market): Immerse yourself in the vibrant atmosphere of Pelotas by visiting the Mercado Central. This bustling market is filled with stalls selling fresh produce, regional delicacies, handicrafts, and more. Don't miss the opportunity to taste traditional sweets, such as doces de pelotas (Pelotas Sweets), which are famous throughout Brazil.Museu barones pelotas brasil.jpg
 * Museu da Baronesa (Baroness Museum): Housed in a beautifully preserved mansion, the Museu da Baronesa offers a glimpse into the opulent lifestyle of the city's wealthy elite during the 19th century. The museum displays a wide variety of artifacts, including furniture, artwork and personal belongings that tell some of the city's history.

Do
In addition to its cultural offerings, Pelotas also hosts several events and festivals throughout the year. One of the most popular is the Fenadoce, a traditional festival celebrating the city's sweet culinary heritage. During this annual festival, held by two weeks in June, visitors can indulge in a variety of sweets, attend cooking workshops, and enjoy live music performances.

Nature lovers will appreciate a visit to Laranjal Beach, a scenic area located on the shores of Lagoa dos Patos. This vast beach offers opportunities for outdoor activities such as walking, biking, and picnicking. Visitors can also relax and soak up the sun during the warmer months.

For those interested in local sports, attending a soccer match at Estádio Boca do Lobo is a thrilling experience. The stadium is home to Esporte Clube Pelotas, one of the oldest football clubs in Brazil. Another important local football club is Brasil de Pelotas, which plays its matches at Bento Freitas Stadium.

Eat
Pelotas is renowned for its gastronomy, particularly its traditional sweets. It is no wonder that Pelotas won the title of "National Sweet Capital". A visit to Pelotas would not be complete without trying the famous Doces de Pelotas (Pelotas Sweets). These exquisite sweets, made with ingredients such as egg yolks, sugar, and fruit, come in a variety of flavors and shapes. The most iconic sweet is the pé-de-moleque, a peanut-based treat that is sure to satisfy any sweet tooth. Stroll through the city center and you will also easily find delicious and traditional quindins, cameos and bem-casados. These and many others are sold in stalls and in traditional pastry shops (Otto, Doçaria Pelotense, Café Aquarius....)

For those who don't live on sweets alone and want a hearty meal, indulge in a traditional "churrasco" (barbecue) at one of the city's many steak houses. Enjoy succulent cuts of meat, grilled to perfection, accompanied by typical side dishes such as rice, beans, and farofa (toasted cassava flour).

Budget

 * Círculo Operário Pães Bakery, all-you-can-eat pizza at night and, in winter, an excellent afternoon coffee. Rua Dom Pedro II, 372 corner Rua João Pessoa. Tel: +55 53 3222-4622.
 * Alles Blau Buffet with grills, in winter, soups. Rua Sete de Setembro, 354. +55 53 3225-2277.
 * Circulus Lanches Baurus (different from those in São Paulo, they are large sandwiches filled with meat, corn, peas, lettuce, tomato, bacon), a delicious mayonnaise.
 * Sanata Baurus (different from São Paulo, they are large sandwiches filled with meat, corn, peas, lettuce, tomato, bacon), a delicious mayonnaise, cheaper than Círculus

Mid-range

 * Dom Pedro Colony, R. Santa Cruz, 2170, +55 53 3302-6379. M-F 11:30 to 14;00 and 17:30 to 23:30. Saturdays from 12:00 to 15:00 and from 19:30 to 01:00. 4 air-conditioned environments, varied menu of special beers, snacks and dinner options. Live music on Thursdays and most weekends.

Splurge

 * Batuva Grilled: Grills in a cozy atmosphere. Rua General Osório, 454. +55 53 3222-0101.
 * Churrascaria Lobão Traditional steak house with skewer and buffet. Av. Bento Gonçalves, 3460. +55 53 3225-6197.

Drink
The central and Porto area of the city has the busiest nightlife. There are several bars with live music for all tastes.

Sleep
Pelotas offers a range of accommodation options to suit every budget and preference. From cozy guesthouses to modern hotels, there is something for everyone.

The city downtown is a popular area to stay, as it provides easy access to the main attractions and dining establishments. Alternatively, if you prefer a more peaceful atmosphere, consider staying near Laranjal Beach, where you can enjoy beautiful views of the lake and relax in nature.
 * Hotel Manta, Gen. Netto, 1131, +55 53 3225-2411. It offers accommodation for up to 250 people, luxury and semi-luxury apartments with air conditioning, minibar, box beds, indoor pools, gym, breakfast, garage, and cable TV.
 * Hotel Estoril, Gen. Osorio, 718, +55 53 3225-2411. It offers 56 apartments divided into luxury and standard, cable TV, telephone, private bathrooms, breakfast, room service 24hs.
 * Curi Palace Hotel, Gen. Netto, 1279, +55 53 3227-7377. It offers 95 apartments, air conditioning, apartment adapted for people with disabilities, breakfast, parking, minibar, garage, restaurant, room service - 24hr, internet access room, meeting rooms, convention hall, gym, telephone, cable tv.
 * Curi Hotel, Gen. Osório, 719, +55 53 3227-9955. It offers 90 apartments (luxury, standard and simple), breakfast, central location, garage, restaurants, living rooms, telephone, cable TV in all apartments, fan.

Stay safe
Like any city, Pelotas has its share of safety considerations. It is advisable to take common precautions, such as avoiding poorly lit areas at night and keeping an eye on personal belongings in crowded areas.

Stay healthy
In case of emergency, you can contact the paramedics (SAMU) by toll-free number 192.

In urgent and emergency cases for medium to high complexity services, look for a UPA (Unidade de Pronto Atendimento, Emergency Care Unit), a middle ground between a health center/post and hospitals, with more resources than a health post. The severity of the risk, not the order of arrival, determines how quickly the patient will be seen. Its open 24/7, and the service is also free.

For mild trauma and mild symptoms, look for a health post. Its open from Monday to Friday, 08:00-12:00 and from 13:00-17:00 and the service is also free.

Hospitals are units that must attend to highly complex and emergency cases, referred by health posts, UPAs or by ambulances, in addition to providing general clinical care in various specialties. It has more technological intervention resources and its open 24/7. They should be used in life-threatening cases, serious traffic accidents, involving orthopedics, neurosurgery, ophthalmology and stroke (cerebrovascular accident, among others).

Go next

 * Rio Grande - a port city with magnificent and historical architecture and the spectacular Cassino Beach, the longest sea beach in the world.
 * São José do Norte - a city on the canal between Lagoa dos Patos and the Atlantic Ocean with pristine landscapes and many beaches.

title: Pelotas