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Tagalog phrasebook

Filipino or Pilipino (Wikang filipino) is the national language of the Philippines, according to the country's constitution, and is spoken by 90 million people worldwide.

Filipino is a modified version of Tagalog (Wikang Tagalog), the main language of southern Luzon and some nearby areas. Originally, Filipino was intended to include many words from the numerous other languages of the Philippine islands, but this project stalled. In reality nobody actually uses official Filipino, but rather plain Tagalog instead.

About a quarter of the population of the Philippines speak Tagalog as a native language and many more understand it as a second language. Filipino and English are the two official languages of the Philippines, with English being the more prestigious of the two and exclusively used in court judgments and legislation, though the national anthem is in Tagalog. Filipino is widely used in schools throughout the islands, including regions where the local language is not Tagalog.

Tagalog is a member of the Austronesian language family, fairly closely related to the other languages of the Philippines such as Cebuano, and more distantly to Malay/Indonesian and various languages of the Pacific islands. Due to European influences in the Philippines, it has loanwords from both Spanish and English, and is one of the few languages in Southeast Asia to use the Latin alphabet. Baybayin, the pre-colonial writing system is sometimes taught in schools, but not commonly used in everyday life, although the use of the script is growing in popularity and efforts are being made to revive it.

Grammar
The main difference with its grammar is that it is not word-order transitive like English. For example, the sentence Jill gives the book to Tom in Tagalog can't tell who is giving to whom without the personal markers si and ni. If an actor focus verb is used, Jill becomes si Jill (the subject), and Tom becomes ni Tom (the object). If a non-actor focus verb is used, then si and ni are reversed. This works something like active and passive voice in English, but neither form would seem passive in Tagalog.

People learning Tagalog should take note that translations for the to be verbs, such as am, are, is may be confusing. This can be overcome in one of several ways:

 * Use "ay" or "ay mga": This may or may not be a verb depending on each person, but means "is equal to" but some Filipinos may consider this as a linking verb. Use "ay" for before singular nouns and use "ay mga" to indicate noun plurality.
 * Use "may" or "may mga": This is a verb which can mean "there is/are" or "has/have" (beginning of sentence only). Use "may" for before singular nouns and use "may mga" to indicate noun plurality.
 * Skip it: Where not absolutely needed for meaning, it can be omitted — even though this sounds awful in English. Sino siya? literally who he? (or who she?)

The good news regarding word order in Filipino is that you can juggle the words just about any which way and still be understood (assuming the personal markers are attached to the correct person). Also, it's easy to substitute similar words within simple sentences like those found in this phrasebook. However, the bad news is that proper word order has a steep learning curve and can be affected even by the number of syllables. Also, Filipino is notorious for its large number of complicated verb forms which require several words in English.

The vast majority of Filipinos are either bilingual (Filipino and English) or trilingual (Filipino, English, and the native language of the speaker). English is one of the official languages of the Philippines and is overwhelmingly used as the main language of government, commerce, and education. Filipinos use Philippine English, an English variety based largely on US English, though it might be spoken with a distinct accent and contains certain colloquialisms and slang unique to it (e.g. the most common word for "toilet" or "bathroom" in the Philippines is the Philippine English "comfort room", usually shortened to the initials "CR").

Code-switching is also common in everyday speech, with most conversations incorporating both English and Filipino to a certain extent. Some English words are even used exclusively when using the Filipino equivalent can be considered too formal (e.g. "mall", "computer", "internet", "highway", "hotel", and "taxi"). If you are having trouble finding the correct word or phrase in Filipino, don't hesitate to switch to English. For example: instead of saying "Saan ang labasan?" (Where is the exit?), you can say either "Saan ang exit?" or "Where is the labasan".

Note that similar to Malay, there are two equivalents of the English word "we" in Filipino. If you wish to include the person(s) you are addressing, the word to use will be táyo. If the subject does not include your listener(s), the word to use will be kamí.

Social distance is considered when using the correct word for "you"; Tagalog uses "ikaw" as the common form, while "kayó" is used as the polite form, alongside the honorific "pô". Using them the other way around, for example, using "ikaw" to a superior, unless you know the person very well, is considered a breach of etiquette. The Batangas dialect follows the mainstream Tagalog convention, but it also uses the third-person "silá" as a very polite form, similar to how Italian uses lei in polite speech.

Pronunciation guide
Although Filipino words may seem long and tongue-twisting at first, pronunciation is easier than in many other languages. Long words are almost always based on smaller root words. The only foreign sound is an initial ng found in a few words such as ngiti (smile). Unlike its neighboring languages (e.g. Chinese, Thai, Vietnamese), Filipino is not tonal. However, stressing the wrong syllable can often change the meaning of a word. Only very rarely does this occur in English (such as desert/dessert). Meanings in such cases can be closely related such as buhay (alive or life) or totally unrelated such as hapon (afternoon or Japan). There is also the use of the glottal stop, which makes a pause between two vowels. The glottal stop is often used in the Filipino language. A space will be provided for the glottal stop.

Vowels

 * a : like 'a' in "arrive"
 * e : like 'e' in "ten"
 * i : like 'i' in "fin"
 * o : like 'o' in "cord"
 * u : like 'oo' in "hoop"

Consonants
Although the Filipino alphabet contains 23 consonants, only 15 are in common use. This is a holdover from the days when the language was written in the "Abakada" alphabet, which only had 20 letters.

 * b : like 'b' in "bed"
 * k : like 'k' in "kid"
 * d : like 'd' in "dog"
 * g : like 'g' in "go"
 * h : like 'h' in "help"
 * l : like 'l' in "love"
 * m : like 'm' in "mother"
 * n : like 'n' in "nice"
 * ng : like 'ng' in "fang", but pronounced 'nang' as a stand-alone word (though most English-speakers might classify is as two letters, it is considered as a single letter in Filipino as well as in other Asian languages)
 * p : like 'p' in "pig"
 * r : like 'r' in "row" or 'r' in "feather"
 * s : like 's' in "sun" or 'z' in "haze"
 * t : like 't' in "top"
 * w : like 'w' in "weight"
 * y : like 'y' in "yes", 'ie' in "pie", or 'ee' in "flee"

In the 1970s, the alphabet was expanded to include 11 letters from the Spanish and English alphabets, and in 1987, the Spanish letters 'ch', 'll' and 'rr' were dropped, leaving only eight additional letters. Unlike the 15 common letters, these letters are normally found only in loanwords, slang and code-mixed speech.

 * c : like 's' in "supper", 'k' in "kid"
 * f : like 'f' in "fine"
 * j : like 'dg' in "edge", 'h' in "ham"
 * ñ : like 'ny' in "canyon"
 * q : like 'q' in "quest" (almost always with 'u')
 * v : like 'v' in "victory"
 * x : like 'cks' in "kicks", like 'z' in "haze" (at beginning of a word)
 * z : like 'z' in "haze"

Diphthongs

 * ay : like 'i' in "high": tatay (father)
 * aw : like 'ow' in "cow": kalabaw (carabao/water buffalo)
 * ey : like 'ay' in "say": reyna (queen)
 * iw : like "ew" in "few": baliw (crazy)
 * oy : like 'oy' in "boy": apoy (fire)

Other sounds

 * ts : as the 'ch' in "chip". Corresponds to the former letter 'ch', and usually found in Spanish loanwords.
 * dy/diy : as the 'j' in "jeep"
 * ly/liy : as the 'lli' in "million".
 * ny/niy : as the 'ny' in "canyon". Corresponds to the letter 'ñ'. However, in certain words, such as tanyag (well-known), this is pronounced as two separate letters.
 * sy/siy : as the 'sh' in "ship"
 * ty/tiy : as the 'ch' in "chip" or as the 'ti' in "tienda".

Phrase list
Stress: Many Filipino words are stressed on the second to last syllable

Basics
Two ways to state yes and no: in Tagalog, the question "Are you married?" is answered very differently from the question "Do you have children?" The key is the word "have" in the second question. Questions with "is/are there?" are also answered in this second way.

 * oo (opo) : Yes, I'm married.
 * hindi (po) : No, I'm not married.
 * mayroon (po) : Yes, I have children.
 * wala (po) : No, I don't have children.
 * Hello. :Kumusta. (koo-mooss-TAH)
 * Hello. (informal) :Kumusta. (koo-mooss-TAH)
 * How are you? :Kumusta ka? (koo-mooss-TAH kah?)
 * Fine, thank you. :Mabuti naman, salamat. (muh-BOO-tih nuh-MAHN, suh-LAH-muht)
 * What is your name? :Ano ang pangalan mo? (ah-NOH ahng puh-NGAH-lahn moh?)
 * My name is ______ . :Ako si ______. (uh-KOH see _____)
 * Nice to meet you. :Nagagalak akong makilala ka. (nuh-guh-GAH-luhk uh-KOHNG muh-kih-LAH-luh kah)
 * Please. :Pakiusap. (puh-kee-'OO-suhp)
 * Thank you. :Salamat. (suh-LAH-muht)
 * You're welcome. :Walang ano man. (wuh-LAHNG uh-NOH mahn)
 * Yes. :Oo. ('OH-'oh)
 * No. :Hindi. (hihn-DEH')
 * Excuse me. (getting attention) :Paumanhin po. (puh-'oo-muhn-HEEN poh')
 * Excuse me. (begging pardon) :Paumanhin po. (puh-oo-muhn-HEEN poh')
 * I'm sorry. :Pasensya na. (puh-SEHN-shuh nah)
 * Goodbye :Paalam. (puh-AH-luhm)
 * Goodbye (informal) :Hanggang sa muli (huhng-GAHNG sah moo-LEE')
 * I can't speak name of language [well]. :Hindi ako magaling magsalita ng [Tagalog]. (hihn-DEE uh-KOH muh-guh-LEENG muhg-suh-lih-TAH' nahng [tuh-GAH-lohg])
 * Do you speak English? :Marunong ka bang mag-Ingles? (muh-ROO-nohng kah BAHNG muhg-ihng-GLEHSS?)
 * Is there someone here who speaks English? :Meron ba ditong marunong mag-Ingles? (MEH-rohn bah DEE-tohng muh-ROO-nohng muhg-ihng-GLEHSS?)
 * Help! :Tulong! (TOO-lohng!)
 * Look out! :Tumingin ka sa dinaraanan mo! (too-mih-NGEEN kah sah dih-nuh-ruh-AH-nuhn moh!)
 * Good day. :Magandang araw. (muh-guhn-DAHNG AH-rahw)
 * Good morning. :Magandang umaga. (muh-guhn-DAHNG 'oo-MAH-guh)
 * Good noon. :Magandang tanghali. (muh-guhn-DAHNG tuhng-HAH-lee')
 * Good afternoon. :Magandang hapon. (muh-guhn-DAHNG HAH-pohn)
 * Good evening. :Magandang gabi. (muh-guhn-DAHNG guh-BEE)
 * Good night. :Magandang gabi. (muh-guhn-DAHNG guh-BEE)
 * I don't understand. :Hindi ko maintindihan. (hihn-DEE koh muh-inn-TEEN-dih-hahn)
 * Where is the toilet? :Nasaan ang banyo? (nuh-suh-AHN ahng BAHN-yoh?)

Negative tag questions are answered in the opposite way compared to English :

Oo (Yes, I am not married.) In a full and complete sentence, "mayroon" can be shortened to may (sounds like English "my"). Most often this means have/has/there are rather than a direct yes.
 * Are you not married? : Hindi (No, I am married.)
 * May mga bata sa paaralan. : There are kids in the school.
 * May barya ka ba para sa piso? : Do you have change for a peso?

Add po at (or near) the end of a sentence or question to make it formal and polite. An exception is after an interrogative word, po immediately follows. Sino po siya?  Who is he/she? (formal)  It is important to note that "opo" (po) and "oho" (ho) are used only to be polite to one's elders. Ho (not used in this phrasebook) is a dialectal version of po and can virtually always be interchanged with it. Although its use is very limited in Manila and the northern Katagalugan (Tagalog homeland), many people use it in Southern Luzon, especially in Batangas, Cavite and Laguna. Po (or ho) and opo (or oho) is most commonly heard to show respect to elders or superiors. Po (and ho) are incompatible with ka and ikaw (use kayo) and with mo (use nila).

 * Yes (logical): Oo ('OH-'oh) (informal)
 * Opo (OH-poh) (formal)

 * No (logical) : Hindi (hihn-DEH') (informal)
 * Hindi po (hihn-DEE poh') (formal)

 * Yes (to have or there are some) : Mayroon (MAI-roh ohn) (informal, also 'Meron' (MEH-rohn))
 * Mayroon po (MAI-roh-'ohn poh') (formal)

 * No (to not have or there is none) : Wala (wuh-LAH') (informal)
 * Wala po (wuh-LAH' poh') (formal)

 * I don't know : Hindi ko alam. (hihn-DEE' koh uh-LAHM)
 * Di ko alam. (DEE' koh 'uh-LAHM)(informal)  Hindi ko po alam. (hihn-DEE' koh poh 'uh-LAHM'') (formal)

 * Hi : Hi (hai)
 * Hello : Helow (heh-LOHW)
 * How are you? : Kumusta ka? (koo-moos-TAH kah?) (informal)
 * Kumusta po kayo? (koo-moos-TAH poh' kuh-YOH?) (formal)

 * Fine, thank you. : Ayos naman, salamat. (AH-yohs nuh-MAHN, suh-LAH-muht)
 * Mabuti po, salamat. (muh-BOO-tih poh', suh-LAH-muht) (formal)

 * And you : Ikaw? (ih-KAHW?) (informal)
 * Kayó po? (kuh-YOH poh'?) (formal)

 * Good/Well : Mabuti (muh-BOO-tih)
 * Mabuti po (muh-BOO-tih poh) (formal)

 * What is your name? : Ano ang pangalan mo? (uh-NOHN ahng puh-NGAH-luhn moh?) (informal)
 * Ano po ang pangalan ninyo? (uh-NOH poh ahng puh-NGAH-luhn nihn-YOH?) (formal)

Note: As shown above, markers (Si / Ni / Kay) are mandatory before a person's nam--no exceptions (other than one word answers, and after ay)
 * My name is ______ . : Ang pangalan ko ay _______. (ahng puh-NGAH-luhn koh ai___)
 * "I'm John"  Ako si John.
 *  "John's"  or   "by John" (ownership/authorship)   Kay John.

"Who does this belong to?" may be answered with either "It is John's" "Kay John" or "John's bag"  Bag ni John.
 * Nice/pleased to meet you. : Ikinagagalak kong makilala ka. (ih-kih-nuh-guh-GAH-luhk kohng muh-kih-LAH-luh kah)  Ikinagagalak ko po kayong makilala. (ih-kih-nuh-guh-GAH-luhk koh poh kuh-YOHNG muh-kih-LAH-luh) (formal)
 * Please. : Pakiusap (po). (puh-kee-OOH-suhp (poh')) (in the Philippines, they usually say Please instead of Pakiusap. Often, inserting a po/ho into the sentence or paki- into the verb conveys the same message.)
 * Thank you. : Salamat (suh-LAH-muht) (informal)  Salamat po (suh-LAH-muht poh') (formal)
 * Thank you very much : Maraming salamat (muh-RAH-mihng suh-LAH-muht)(informal)  Maraming salamat po (muh-RAH-mihng suh-LAH-muht poh')(formal)
 * You're welcome. : Walang anuman. (wuh-LAHNG uh-NOO-mahn) or Wala 'yun. (wuh-LAH yoon) (literally It is nothing. or No problem.)
 * Take care. : Ingat! (EE-nguht!)
 * How old are you? : Ilang taon ka na? (ih-LAHNG tuh-'OHN kah nah?)
 * Where are you from? : Taga-saan ka? (TAH-guh suh-'AHN kah?)
 * Where do you live? : Saan ka nakatira? (suh-'AHN kah nuh-kuh-tih-RAH?)
 * Where have you been? : Saan ka galing? (suh-'AHN kah GAH-lihng?) (often used rhetorically)
 * Where are you going? : Saan ka pupunta? (sah-'AHN kah poo-poon-TAH?)
 * Can you accompany me to _____? : Pwede mo ba akong samahan sa _____? (PWEH-deh moh bah uh-KOHNG suh-MAH-huhn sah___?)
 * Can you take me to_____? : Pwede mo ba akong dalhin sa_____? (PWEH-deh moh BAH uh-KOHNG duhl-HEEN sah____?)
 * What is your work? : Ano ang trabaho mo? (uh-NOH ahng truh-BAH-hoh moh?)
 * What are you doing? : Ano ang ginagawa mo? (uh-NOH ahng ghih-NAH-guh-WAH' moh)
 * Where do you go to school? : Saan ka nag-aaral? (suh-'AHN kah nuhg-uh-AH-ruhl?)
 * Excuse me. (getting attention) : Sandali lang [po]. (Suhn-duh-LEE lahng poh'?) Mawalang galang na po. (Muh-wuh-LAHNG GAH-luhng nah poh')
 * Excuse me. (may I get by?) : Padaan [po]. (puh-duh-AHN [poh']) or Nakikiraan lang po. (Nuh-kih-kih-ruh-'AHN lahng poh')
 * May I____ ? (To ask for permission) : Maaari [po] bang ____? (muh-'uh-'AH-rih' [poh] bahng ____?)
 * I'm sorry. : Paumanhin. (puh-'oo-muhn-HEEN) or Patawad. (puh-TAH-wuhd) (the usually say Sorry)
 * Goodbye : Paalam. (puh-'AH-luhm)
 * Goodbye (informal) : Bye. (BAI) Paalam (puh-'AH-luhm)
 * I can't speak Filipino [well]. : Hindi ako marunong mag-?????? ng [mabuti]. (hihn-DEE' uh-KOH muh-ROO-nohng muhg-?????? nuhng [muh-BOO-tih])
 * Help! : Saklolo! (suhk-LOH-loh!) or Tulong! (TOO-lohng)
 * Look out! : Mag-ingat! (muhg-'EE-nguht!)
 * Good morning. (lit. 'beautiful morning'): Magandang umaga (muh-gahn-DAHNG oo-MAH-guh) (informal) Magandang umaga po (muh-guhn-DAHNG oo-MAH-guh poh') (formal)
 * Good day : Magandang araw (muh-guhn-DAHNG AH-rahw)
 * Good afternoon: Magandang hapon (muh-guhn-DAHNG HAH-pohn)
 * Good evening : Magandang gabi. (muh-guhn-DAHNG guh-BEE)
 * Goodnight (to sleep) : Magandang gabi. (muh-guhn-DAHNG guh-BEE)
 * I don't understand. : Hindi ko maintindihan. (hihn-DEE' koh muh-ihn-TEEN-dih-huhn)
 * Where is the bathroom/washroom? : Nasaan ang C.R.? (nuh-suh-'AHN ahng SEE-ahr?) [where C.R. = Comfort Room ~ Rest Room]
 * What time is it? : Anong oras na? (uh-NOHNG oh-RAHS nah?)
 * Do you understand English? : Nakakaintindi ka ba ng Ingles? (nuh-KAH-kuh-ihn-TEEN-dih kah bah nahng ihng-GLEHS?)
 * Do you speak English? : Marunong ka ba mag-Ingles?/Nakapagsasalita ka ba ng Ingles? (muh-ROO-nohng kah bah muhg-ihng-GLEHS?/nuh-kuh-PAHG-suh-suh-lih-TAH' kah bah nahng ihng-GLEHS?)
 * Yes, I speak/understand a little. : Oo, kaunti lang. ('OH-'oh, kuh-OON-tih' lahng)
 * I don't understand Tagalog. : Hindi ko naiintindihan ang Tagalog. (hihn-DEE' koh nuh-ihn-ihn-TEEN-dih-huhn 'ahng tuh-GAH-lohg)
 * Is there someone here who speaks English? : Meron ba ditong marunong mag-Ingles? (MEH-rohn bah DEE-tohng muh-roo-NOHNG muhg-ihng-GLEHS?)
 * Who is s/he? : Sino siya? (SEE-noh shah)
 * What is s/he saying? : Anong sinasabi niya?(uh-NOHNG sih-nuh-SAH-bih nih-YAH?)
 * What do you mean? : Anong ibig mong sabihin? (uh-NOHNG EE-bihg mohng suh-BEE-hihn?)
 * Please say it again/pardon. : Paki-ulit. (puh-kih-OO-liht)
 * Please write it down. : Pakisulat. (puh-kih-SOO-luht)
 * Let's go! : Tara (na)! (tuh-RAH (nah)!) (very informal)  Halika! (huh-lih-KAH!) (semi-formal)
 * Wait! : Teka! (TEH-kuh!)  or   Sandali (lang)! (suhn-duh-LEE' (lahng)!)
 * Can I speak to ____ ? (on the phone) : Pwede ko pong makausap si _____? (PWEH-deh koh pohng muh-kuh-'OO-suhp sih____?)
 * One moment : Sandali lang. (suhn-DAH-lih' lahng)
 * Who? : Sino?(SEE-noh?)
 * What? : Ano? (uh-NOH?)
 * Why? : Bakit?(BAH-kiht?)
 * Where? : Saan? (suh-'AHN?)
 * When? : Kailan? (kuh-'ih-LAHN?)
 * How? : Paano? (puh-'AH-noh?)
 * How many? : Ilan?('ih-LAHN?)
 * How much? : Magkano?(muhg-KAH-noh?)

Nouns
Like English, there is no gender assigned to common nouns, including those of Spanish origin. The only exception is Spanish-origin words referring to a type of person or occupation. But even here, the article (ang, ng, etc.) is gender neutral. Example:  Ang abogado/a   The lawyer or attorney (m/f). Ironically, Tagalog-origin words can even be more gender-neutral than English. Example:  kapatid   brother or sister.

For plurals, add mga (pronounced manga) immediately before the noun. Example:  Mga hayop   Animals. Adding s does not make anything plural, and is sometimes added on to Spanish nouns regardless of whether the topic is plural or not. Example:  mansanas   apple;   mga mansanas  apples (from Spanish manzana).

One point of confusion is the word Filipinas. It can mean either The Philippines (the country) or a group of females from the Philippines.

 * Girl/Female: Babae (buh-BAH'-eh)
 * Boy/Male : Lalaki (luh-LAH-kih or also pronounced as luh-LAH-keh)
 * Animal : Hayop (HAH-yohp)
 * Place : Lugar (loo-GAHR)
 * Name: Pangalan (puh-NGAH-luhn)
 * Nickname : Palayaw (puh-LAH-yahw)
 * Surname : Apelyido (ah-pehl-YEE-doh)
 * Address : Tirahan (tih-RAH-huhn)
 * Age : Edad (eh-DAHD)
 * Sex/Gender : Kasarian (kuh-suh-ree-'AHN)
 * School : Paaralan (PAH-'uh-ruh-LAHN)
 * Variety Store : Tindahan (tihn-DAH-huhn)
 * Birthday : Kaarawan (KAH-uh-ruh-WAHN)
 * Birthdate : Kapanganakan (kuh-PAH-nguh-NAH-kuhn)
 * Child : Anak (uh-NAHK)(refers to son/daughter)/Bata (BAH-tuh') (refers to young child)
 * Adult : Matanda (muh-tuhn-DAH')
 * Tricycle : Traysikel (trai-sih-KEHL)
 * Jeepney : Jeepney (DZHEEP-nih)
 * Bus : Bus (boos)
 * Train : Tren (trehn)
 * Light : Ilaw (EE-lahw)
 * Water : Tubig (TOO-bihg)
 * Electricity : Kuryente (koo-RYEHN-teh)
 * Table : Mesa (MEH-sah)
 * Couch : Sofa (SOH-fah)
 * Chair : Upuan (ooh-pooh-'AHN) or Silya (SEEL-yuh)
 * Living room : Sala (SAH-luh)
 * Kitchen : Kusina (koo-SEE-nuh)
 * Bedroom : Kwarto (KWAHR-toh) or Silid (sih-LEED)
 * Bathroom : Banyo (formal) (BAH-nyoh)/Kubeta (koo-BEH-tuh)(informal)/CR(casual)
 * Picture : Litrato (lih-TRAH-toh) o Larawan (luh-RAH-wuhn)
 * Radio : Radyo (RAH-dzhoh)
 * Air Conditioner : Aircon (EHR-kohn)
 * Television : Telebisyon (teh-leh-bih-SHOHN)
 * Refrigirator : Pridyider (prih-DZEE-dehr)
 * Faucet : Gripo (GREE-poh)
 * Door : Pinto (pihn-TOH')
 * Window : Bintana (bihn-TAH-nuh')
 * Friend : Kaibigan (kuh-ih-BEE-guhn)
 * Mother : Nanay (NAH-nai) or Ina (ih-NAH)
 * Father : Tatay (TAH-tai) or Ama (ah-MAH)
 * Brother : Kapatid na lalaki (kuh-puh-TEED nah luh-LAH-kih)
 * Kuya (KOO-yuh)

 * Sister : Kapatid na babae (kuh-puh-TEED nah buh-BAH'-eh)
 * Ate ('AH-teh)

 * Relative : Kamag-anak (kuh-muhg-AH-nuhk)
 * Neighbor : Kapit-bahay (KAH-piht-BAH-hai)
 * Wife : Asawang babae (uh-SAH-wuhng buh-BAH'-eh)
 * Husband : Asawang lalaki (uh-SAH-wuhng luh-LAH-kih)
 * Fiancee : Nobyo/Nobya(for female) (NOH-byoh/NOH-byuh)
 * Girlfriend/Boyfriend: Kasintahan (kuh-sihn-TAH-huhn)
 * Buddy : Pare (PAH-reh)

Adjectives
Separate adjectives are sometimes used to describe things and people (e.g. tall building, tall person). Adjectives without a noun are often ended with the article na, which roughly translates as "already" or "now." This is usually dropped when translating back into English. Madumi na. [It's] dirty (now/already). In Tagalog, an article such as na or pa is required when no noun follows the adjective. Na is a bit more immediate (i.e. shorter time than expected) than pa, but both have similar usage.

Many nouns can become adjectives by adding the prefix Ma, such as Dumi (dirt) becoming Madumi (dirty).

Adjective-noun pairs must be linked. Na (not the same na as above) is used if the adjective ends in a constant, and ng is used if it ends in a vowel. Magandang babae (beautiful girl). Malinis na kusina (clean kitchen).

 * Beautiful : Maganda (muh-guhn-DAH)
 * Handsome : Guwapo/Pogi (goo-WAH-poh/POH-ghih')
 * Ugly : Pangit (PAH-ngiht)
 * Good : Mabuti (mah-BOO-tih)
 * Bad : Masama (mah-sah-MAH')
 * Smart/Intelligent : Matalino (muh-tuh-LEE-noh)
 * Tall (person) : Matangkad (muh-tuhng-KAHD)
 * Short/Small : Maliit (muh-lih-'EET)
 * Clean : Malinis (muh-LEE-nihs)
 * Dirty : Madumi (muh-doo-MEE)
 * Delicious : Masarap (muh-suh-RAHP)
 * Bland : Matabang (muh-tuh-BAHNG)
 * Large : Malaki (muh-luh-KEE)
 * Medium : Katamtaman (kuh-tuhm-TAH-muhn)
 * Small : Maliit (muh-lih 'EET)
 * Cold : Malamig (muh-luh-MEEG)
 * Hot : Mainit (muh-'EE-niht)
 * Happy : Masaya (muh-suh-YAH)
 * Sad/Lonely : Malungkot (muh-loong-KOHT)
 * Far : Malayo (muh-LAH-yoh')
 * Close/Near : Malapit (mih-LAH-piht)
 * Strong : Malakas (muh-luh-KAHS)
 * Noisy : Maingay (muh-'EE-ngai)
 * Silent : Tahimik (tuh-HEE-mihk)
 * High : Mataas (muh-tuh-AHS)
 * Low : Mababa (muh-BAH-buh')
 * Old (person) : Matanda (muh-tuhn-DAH')
 * Old (things): Luma (LOO-muh')

Prepositions

 * Here : Dito (DEE-toh)
 * There : Doon (doh-'OHN)
 * Outside : Sa labas (sah luh-BAHS'')
 * Inside : Sa loob (sah loh-'OHB)
 * Upstairs : Sa itaas (sah ih-TAH-uhs)
 * Downstairs : Sa ibaba (sah ih-bah-BAH')
 * Behind : Sa likod (sah lih-KOHD'')
 * Next : Katabi (kuh-tuh-BEE)
 * Beside : Katabi (kah-tuh-BEE)
 * Front : Harapan (huh-ruh-PAHN)
 * Back : Likuran (lih-koo-RAHN)

Problems
Note: Tagalog always refers to what's burning and not the flames. Fire (controlled or in abstract) : Apoy ('ah-POY)
 * What's the matter/problem? : Ano ang problema? (ah-NOH ahng proh-BLEH-muh?)
 * Are you ok? : Ayos ka lang? (AH-yohs kah lahng?)
 * Leave me alone. : Lumayo ka sa akin. (loo-muh-YOH' sah AH-kihn)
 * Don't touch me! : Huwag mo akong hawakan. (hoo-WAHG moh uh-KOHNG huh-WAH-kuhn)
 * Let go of me! : Bitawan mo ako! (bih-TAH-wuhn moh uh-KOH!)
 * I'll call the police. : Tatawag ako ng pulis. (tuh-TAH-wuhg 'ah-KOH nahng poo-LEES'')
 * Police! : Pulis (poo-LEES)
 * Police Headquarters: Pulisiya (poo-LEE-shah)
 * There's an accident : May aksidente. (mai uhk-sih-DEHN-teh)
 * There's a fire!! : May sunog!! or Sunog!! (lit. "burning") (mai SOO-nohg) or (SOO-nohg)
 * Stop! Thief! : Tigil! Magnanakaw! (TEE-geel! muhg-nuh-NAH-kahw!)
 * I need your help. : Kailangan ko ng tulong mo. (kuh-'ih-LAH-nguhn koh nahng TOO-lohng moh)
 * It's an emergency. : Ito ay isang emergency. ('EE-toh ai ih-SAHNG eh-mehr-dzhehn-SEE)
 * I'm lost. : Nawawala ako. (nuh-wuh-wuh-LAH 'ah-KOH)
 * I'm tired : Pagod ako. (PAH-gohd uh-Koh)
 * I'm not feeling well. : Masama ang pakiramdam ko. (muh-suh-MAH ahng puh-kih-RAHM-duhm koh)
 * I can't sleep : Hindi ako makatulog. ('uh-Koh muh-kuh-TOO-lohg)
 * I can't eat : Hindi ako makakakain. (hihn-DEE 'uh-KOH muh-kuh-kuh-KAH-'ihn)
 * I have a headache : Sumasakit ang ulo ko. (soo-muh-suh-KEET ahng OO-loh koh)
 * I'm hungry : Gutom na ako. (GOO-tohm nah 'ah-KOH'')
 * I'm thirsty : Nauuhaw ako. (nah-'oo-'OO-hahw 'uh-KOH)
 * I ran out of money : Naubusan na ako ng pera. (nuh-'oo-BOO-suhn nah 'uh-KOH nahng PEH-ruh)
 * I lost my bag. : Nawawala ang bag ko. (nuh-WAH-wuh-LAH ahng bahg koh)
 * I lost my wallet. : Nawawala ang pitaka ko. (nuh-WAH-wuh-LAH ahng pih-TAH-ka koh)
 * I'm sick. : May sakit ako. (mai suh-KEET 'uh-KOH)
 * I've been injured. : Nasugatan ako. (nuh-soo-GAH-tahn 'uh-KOH)
 * I need a doctor. : Kailangan ko ng doktor/mangagamot. (kuh-'ih-LAH-nguhn koh nahng DOHK-tor/muhng-guh-GAH-moht)
 * Can I use your phone? : Pwedeng makigamit ng telepono? (PWEH-dehng muh-kih-GAH-miht nahng teh-LEH-poh-noh?)
 * Where's the hospital? : Saan ang ospital? (suh-'AHN ahng ohs-pih-TAHL?)
 * I need to get you to the hospital. : Kailangan kitang dalhin sa ospital. (kuh-ih-LAH-nguhn kih-TAHNG duhl-HEEN sah 'ohs-pih-TAHL)
 * Do you know how to speak English? : Marunong ka ba mag-Ingles? (muh-ROO-nohng kah bah muhg-ihng-GLEHS?)

Numbers and currency
Note: In some cases Spanish numbers (with Filipino spelling) are used. For numbers above 10, Spanish is frequently used.
 * 0 : sero (SEH-roh)
 * 1 : isá, uno (ih-SAH, OO-noh), piso (for currency, not isang piso) (PEE-soh)
 * 2 : dalawá, dos (duh-luh-WAH, dohs), dalawang piso (for currency)
 * 3 : tatlo, tres (tuht-LOH, trehs), tatlong piso (for currency)
 * 4 : apat, kuwatro (AH-puht, koo-WAHT-roh) apat na piso (for currency)
 * 5 : limá, singko (lih-MAH, SEENG-koh), limang piso (for currency)
 * 6 : anim, sais (AH-nihm, sa-EES), anim na piso (for currency)
 * 7 : pito, siyete (pee-TOH, SHEH-teh), pitong piso (for currency)
 * 8 : walo, otso (wuh-LOH, OH-tsoh), walong piso (for currency)
 * 9 : siyam, nuwebe (SHAHM, noo-WEH-beh), siyam na piso (for currency)
 * 10 : sampu, diyes (sahm-POO', dzhehs), sampung piso (for currency)
 * 11 : labing-isa, onse (luh-BEENG-ih-SAH, OHN-seh), onse pesos (for currency) (OHN-seh peh-sos)
 * 12 : labing-dalawa, dose (luh-BEENG-duh-luh-WAH, DOH-seh), dose pesos (for currency)
 * 13 : labing-tatlo, trese (luh-BEENG-tuht-LOH, TREH-seh), trese pesos (for currency)
 * 14 : labing-apat, katorse (luh-BEENG-AH-paht, kuh-TOHR-seh), katorse pesos (for currency)
 * 15 : labing-lima (luh-BEENG lih-MAH), kinse pesos (for currency) (KEEN-seh PEH-sohs)
 * 16 : labing-anim (luh-BEENG AH-nihm), diesisais pesos (for currency) (dih-sih-suh-EES PEH-sohs)
 * 17 : labing-pito (luh-BEENG pee-to), disisyete pesos (for currency) (dih-sih-SHEH-teh PEH-sohs)
 * 18 : labing-walo (luh-BEENG wuh-LOH), disiotso pesos (for currency) (dih-sih-'OH-tsoh PEH-sohs)
 * 19 : labing-siyam (luh-BEENG-SHAHM), disinuwebe pesos (for currency) (dih-sih-noo-WEH-beh PEH-sohs)
 * 20 : dalawampu (da-la-wam-POO), beinte pesos or dalawangpung piso (for currency) (BEYN-teh PEH-sohs)
 * 21 : dalawampu't isa (duh-luh-wuhm-POOT ih-SAH), beinte uno pesos (for currency) (BEYN-teh OO-noh PEH-sohs)
 * 22 : dalawampu't dalawa (duh-luh-wuhm-POOT dah-lah-WAH), beinte dos pesos (for currency) (BEYN-teh dohs PEH-sos)
 * 23 : dalawampu't tatlo (duh-luh-wuhm-POOT tat-LO), beynte tres pesos (for currency) (BEYN-teh trehs PEH-sos)
 * 30 : tatlumpu (tuht-loom-POO): treinta pesos(for currency) (TREYN-tah PEH-sos)
 * 40 : apatnapu(AH-put-nuh-POO') : kwarenta pesos (for currency) (kwah-REHN-tah PEH-sos)
 * 50 : limampu(lih-MAHM-POO) : singkwenta pesos (for currency) (sihng-KWEHN-tah PEH-sos)
 * 60 : animnapu (AH-nihm-nah-POO): sisenta pesos (for currency) (sih-SEHN-tah PEH-sos)
 * 70 : pitumpu (pih-toom-POO): sitenta pesos(for currency) (sih-TEHN-tah PEH-sos)
 * 80 : walumpu(wuh-loom-POO): otsenta pesos (for currency) (oh-TSEN-tah PEH-sos)
 * 90 : siyamnapu(SHAM-nuh-POO): nobenta pesos (for currency) (noh-BEHN-tah PEH-sos)
 * 100 : isang daan (ih-SAHNG duh-'AHN), isang daang piso (for currency)
 * 200 : dalawang daan (duh-luh-WAHNG duh-'AHN), dalawang daang piso (for currency) (''duh-luh-WAHNG duh-'AHNG PEE-soh)
 * 300 : tatlong daan (tut-LOHNG duh-'AHN), tatlong daang piso (for currency)
 * 400 : apat na daan (AH-puht nah duh-'AHN), apat na daang piso (for currency)
 * 500 : limang daan (lih-MAHNG duh-'AHN), limang daang piso (for currency)
 * 600 : anim na raan (AH-nihm nah ruh-AHN), anim na daang piso (for currency)
 * 700 : pitong daan (pih-TOHNG duh-'AHN), pitong daang piso (for currency)
 * 800 : walong daan (wah-LOHNG duh-'AHN), walong daang piso (for currency)
 * 900 : siyam na raan (SHAHM nah ruh-'AHN), siyam na raang piso (for currency)
 * 1000 : isang libo (ih-SAHNG LEE-boh), isang libong piso (for currency)
 * 2000 : dalawang libo (duh-luh-WAHNG LEE-boh), dalawang daang piso (for currency)
 * 1,000,000 : isang milyon (ih-SAHNG mihl-YOHN), isang milyong piso (for currency)
 * 1,000,000,000 : isang libong milyon (ih-SAHNG LEE-bohng mihl-YOHN) for British English, isang bilyon (ih-SAHNG bihl-YOHN) for American English, isang bilyong (for currency)
 * 1,000,000,000,000 : isang bilyon (ih-SAHNG bihl-YOHN)for British English, isang trilyon (ih-SAHNG trihl-YOHN) for American English
 * number _____ (train, bus, etc.) : bilang _____ (BEE-lung) : numero _____ (noo-MEH-roh) (usually with a Spanish number, e.g. numero uno, (noo-MEH-roh OO-noh) number one)
 * half : kalahati (kuh-luh-HAH-tih')
 * less : kaunti (kuh-oon-TEE) or konti (kohn-TEH)
 * more : madami (muh-DAH-mih) or marami (muh-RAH-mih)

Ordinal Numbers

 * First : Una (OO-nuh)
 * Second : ikalawa (ih-kuh-luh-WAH) (formal) or pangalawa (informal)
 * Third : ikatlo (ih-kuht-LOH) or pangatlo (informal)
 * Fourth : ikaapat (ih-kuh-AH-puht) or pang-apat (informal)
 * Fifth : ikalima (ih-kuh-lih-MAH) or panlima (informal)
 * Sixth : ikaanim (ih-kuh-AH-nihm) or panganim (informal)
 * Seventh : ikapito (ih-kuh-pih-TOH) or pampito (informal)
 * Eight : ikawalo (ih-kuh-wuh-LOH) or pangwalo (informal)
 * Ninth : ikasiyam (ih-kuh-SHAHM) or pansiyam (informal)
 * Tenth : ikasampu (ih-kuh-suhm-POO') or pansampu (informal)
 * Twentieth : ikadalawampu (ih-kuh-duh-luh-wuhm-POO) or pandalawampu (informal)
 * Hundreth : ikasandaan (ih-kuh-suhn-duh-'AHN)

Time

 * now : ngayon (nguh-YOHN)
 * a while ago/earlier : kanina (kuh-NEE-nuh)
 * later : mamaya (muh-muh-YAH')
 * before : bago (BAH-goh)
 * after : pagkatapos (puhg-kuh-TAH-pohs)
 * morning : umaga (oo-MAH-guh)
 * noon : tanghali (tuhng-HAH-lih')
 * afternoon : hapon (HAH-pohn)
 * evening : gabi (guh-BEE)
 * night : gabi (guh-BEE)
 * midnight : hatinggabi (HAH-tihng-guh-BEE)
 * dawn : madaling-araw (muh-duh-LEENG-'AH-rahw)

Clock time
"ng" is pronounced 'nang' (rhymes with sung)

 * What time is it? : Anóng oras na? (uh-NOHNG OH-ruhs nah?)
 * At what time...? : Sa anóng oras...? (sah 'uh-NOHNG OH-ruhs...?)

 * one o'clock AM : ala una ng madaling araw (AH-luh OO-nuh nahng muh-dah-LEENG AH-rahw)
 * one thirty AM : ala una y media ng madaling araw (AH-luh OO-nuh ih MEH-dzhah nahng muh-dah-LEENG AH-rahw)
 * one forty five AM : ala una kwarenta y singko ng madaling araw (AH-luh OO-nah kwah-REHN-tah ih SEENG-koh nahng muh-dah-LEENG AH-rahw)
 * two o'clock AM : alas dos ng madaling araw (AH-luhs dohs nahng muh-dah-LEENG AH-rahw)
 * three o'clock AM : alas tres ng madaling araw (AH-luhs trehs nahng muh-dah-LEENG AH-rahw)
 * four o'clock AM : alas kuwatro ng madaling araw (AH-luhs koo-WAH-troh nahng muh-dah-LEENG AH-rahw)
 * five o'clock AM : alas singko ng madaling araw (AH-luhs SEENG-koh nahng muh-dah-LEENG AH-rahw)
 * six o'clock AM : alas sais ng umaga (AH-lahs sa-EES nahng oo-MAH-guh)
 * seven o'clock AM : alas siyete ng umaga (AH-luhs SHEH-teh nahng oo-MAH-guh)
 * eight o'clock AM : alas otso ng umaga (AH-luhs OH-tsoh nahng oo-MAH-guh)
 * nine o'clock AM : alas nuwebe ng umaga (AH-lahs noo-WEH-beh nahng oo-MAH-guh)
 * nine thirty AM : alas nuwebe ng umaga (AH-lahs noo-WEH-beh nahng oo-MAH-gah)
 * nine forty five AM : alas nuebe kwarenta y singko ng umaga (AH-lahs noo-EH-beh kwah-REHN-tah ee SEENG-koh nahng oo-MAH-gah)
 * ten o'clock AM : alas diyes ng umaga (AH-luhs dzhehs nahng oo-MAH-guh)
 * eleven o'clock AM : alas onse ng umaga (AH-luhs OHN-seh nahng oo-MAH-guh)
 * twelve o'clock/noon : alas dose ng tanghali (AH-lahs DOH-seh nahng tahng-HAH-lih'-lee'')
 * one o'clock PM : ala una ng hapon (AH-luh OO-nuh nahng HAH-pohn)
 * one thirty o'clock PM : ala una y media ng hapon (AH-luh OO-nuh ih MEH-dzhah nahng HAH-pohn)
 * two o'clock PM : alas dos ng hapon (AH-luhs dohs nahng HAH-pohn)
 * two thiry PM : alas dos y media ng hapon (AH-luhs dohs ih MEH-dzhah nahng HAH-pohn)
 * three o'clock PM : alas tres ng hapon (AH-luhs trehs nahng HAH-pohn)
 * four o'clock PM : alas kuwatro ng hapon (AH-luhs koo-WAH-troh nahng HAH-pohn)
 * five o'clock PM : alas singko ng hapon (AH-luhs SEEHNG-koh nahng HAH-pohn)
 * six o'clock PM : ala sais ng hating gabi (AH-luh sa-EES nahng HAH-tihng guh-BEE)
 * seven o'clock PM : ala siyete ng hating gabi (AH-luh SHEH-teh nahng HAH-tihng guh-BEE)
 * eight o'clock PM : alas otso ng hating gabi (AH-lUhs OH-tsoh nahng HAH-tihng guh-BEE)
 * nine o'clock PM : alas nuebe ng hating gabi (AH-luhs noo-WEH-beh nahng HAH-tihng guh-BEE)
 * ten o'clock PM : alas dies ng hating gabi (AH-luhs DZHEHS nahng HAH-tihng guh-BEE)
 * eleven o'clock PM : alas onse ng hating gabi (AH-laluhs OHN-seh nahng HAH-tihng guh-BEE)
 * twelve o'clock/midnight : alas dose ng madaling araw (AH-luhs DOH-seh nahng mah-du-LEENG AH-row)

Duration
A vowel ending number must be suffixed with "-ng" while consonant-ending numbers must be followed by "na", e.g. isaNG minuto (one minute) or apat NA minuto (four minutes).

 * _____ second(s) : _____ segundo (seh-GOON-doh)
 * _____ minute(s) : _____ minuto (mih-NOO-toh)
 * _____ hour(s) : _____oras (OH-ruhs)
 * _____ day(s) : _____araw (AH-rahw)
 * _____ week(s) : _____ linggo (lihng-GOH)
 * _____ month(s) : _____buwan (boo-WAHN)
 * _____ year(s) : _____taon (tuh-'OHN)

The Filipino language borrowed its terms for the days of the week and months of the year from the Spanish language.

Days

 * today : ngayon (nga-YOHN)
 * the day before yesterday : kamakalawa (kuh-muh-kuh-luh-WAH)
 * yesterday : kahapon (kuh-HAH-pohn)
 * tomorrow : bukas (BOO-kuhs)
 * the day after tomorrow : sa makalawa (muh-kuh-luh-WAH)
 * this week : ngayong linggo (nga-YONG lihng-GOH)
 * last week : nakaraang linggo (nuh-kuh-ruh-'AHNG lihng-GOH)
 * the week before last week : linggo bago noong nakaraang linggo (lihng-GOH BAH-goh noo-'OHNH nuh-kuh-ruh-'AHNG lihng-GOH)
 * next week : sa isang linggo (sah ih-SAHNG lihng-GOH)
 * the week after next week : sa linggo pagkatapos ng sumunod na linggo (Sah lihng-GOH puhg-kuh-TAH-pohs nuhng soo-moo-NOHD nah lihng-GOH)

 * Sunday : Linggo (lihng-GOH)
 * Monday : Lunes (LOO-nehs)
 * Tuesday : Martes (MAHR-tehs)
 * Wednesday : Miyerkules (mih-YEHR-koo-lehs)
 * Thursday : Huwebes (hoo-WEH-behs)
 * Friday : Biyernes (bih-YEHR-nehs)
 * Saturday : Sabado (SAH-buh-doh)

Months

 * January : Enero (eh-NEH-roh)
 * February : Pebrero (peh-BREH-roh)
 * March : Marso (MAHR-soh)
 * April : Abril (uh-BREEL)
 * May : Mayo (MAH-yoh)
 * June : Hunyo (HOON-yoh)
 * July : Hulyo (HOOL-yoh)
 * August : Agosto (uh-GOHS-toh)
 * September : Setyembre (seh-TSHEHM-breh)
 * October : Oktubre (ohk-TOO-breh)
 * November : Nobyembre (nohb-YEHM-breh)
 * December : Disyembre (dih-SHEHM-breh)

Holidays

 * Christmas : Pasko (puhs-KOH)
 * New Year : Bagong Taon (BAH-gohng tuh-'OHN)
 * Holy Week: Mahal na Araw (muh-HAHL nah AH-rahw),
 * Semana Santa (casual) (seh-MAH-nuh SAHN-tuh)

 * All Souls Day : Araw ng mga Patay (AH-rahw nahng mangah puh-TAI)(formal)
 * Todos los Santos (TOH-dohs lohs SAHN-tohs) (casual)
 * Undas (oon-DAHS)(casual)

Writing times and dates
Dates can be written as follows:

 * English format: September 19, 2005 would be Setyembre 19, 2005
 * Spanish format: September 19, 2005 would be Ika-19 ng Setyembre, 2005

Times are written as in English (as in 6:23 AM) but spoken as in Spanish.

Colors

 * black : itim (ih-TEEM)
 * white : puti (pooh-TEE)
 * red : pula (pooh-LAH)
 * gray : abo (uh-boh)
 * orange : kahel (kuh-HEL)
 * yellow : dilaw (dih-LAHW)
 * green: berde (BEHR-deh), luntian (loon-TEE-uhn)
 * blue : asul (uh-SOOL), bughaw (boog-HAHW)
 * purple : ube (OOH-beh), lila (LEE-la)
 * pink : pink, rosa (ROH-sa)
 * brown : brown, tsokolate (tso-ko-LAH-teh) (for objects); kayumanggi (kuh-yoo-mang-GEE), moreno (for skin color) (moh-REH-noh):
 * silver : pilak (PEE-luhk)
 * gold : ginto (gihn-TOH')

Transportation

 * car : kotse (KOH-tseh)
 * taxi : taxi (TAHK-sih)
 * bus : bus (boos)
 * van : bungad (BOO-nguhd)
 * truck : trak (trahk)
 * tram : trambiya
 * ship : barko (BAHR-koh)
 * boat : bangka (bUhng-KAH)
 * ferry : lantsa (LAN-tsah)
 * helicopter : helicopter (heh-lih-KOHP-tehr)
 * airplane : eroplano (eh-roh-PLAH-noh)
 * bicycle : bisikleta (bih-sih-KLEH-tuh)
 * motorcycle : motorsiklo (moh-tohr-SEE-kloh)
 * scooter : iskuter (ihs-KOO-tehr)
 * carriage : karwahe (kuhr-WAH-heh)
 * jeepney : jeepney (DZHEEP-nih) [form of transportation common in the Philippines]

Bus and train

 * How much is a ticket to _____? : Magkano ang tiket papuntang _____? (muhg-KAH-noh ahng TEE-keht puh-poon-TAHNG____?)
 * How much is the fare to _____? : Magkano ang pamasahe sa ______? (muhg-KAH-noh ahng puh-muh-SAH-heh sah____?)
 * One ticket to _____, please. : Isang tiket papuntang _____. (ih-SAHNG TEE-keht puh-poon-TAHNG _______)
 * Where does this train/bus go? : Saan patungo ang tren/bus na ito? (Suh-'AHN puh-TOO-ngoh ahng trehn/boos nah ih-TOH?)
 * Where is the train/bus to _____? : Nasaan ang tren/bus na patungong _____? (nuh-suh-AHN ahng trehn/boos nah puh-TOO-ngohng______?)
 * Does this train/bus stop in _____? : Hihinto ba ang tren/bus na ito sa _____? (HEE-hihn-toh bah ahng trehn/boos nah ih-TOH sah______?)
 * I'm going to take a ( bus/jeepney/taxi) : Sasakay ako ng (bus/jeep/taxi). (suh-suh-KAI uh-KOH nahng)
 * When does the train/bus for _____ leave? : Kailan aalis ang tren/bus papuntang_____? (kuh ih-LAHN 'uh-'uh-LEES ahng trehn/boos puh-poon-TAHNG_______?)
 * What time is this bus going to leave? : Anong oras aalis itong bus? (uh-NOHNG OH-ruhs 'uh-'uh-LEES ih-TOHNG boos?)
 * When will this train/bus arrive in _____? : Kailan darating yung bus na ito sa _____? (kuh-ih-LAHN duh-ruh-TEENG yoong boos nah ih-TOH sah______?)
 * What time will the bus arrive? : Anong oras darating ang bus? (uh-NOHNG OH-ruhs duh-ruh-TEENG ahng boos?)

Directions

 * How do I get to _____ ? : Paano pumunta ng/sa ______? (puh-AH-noh poo-moon-TAH nahng/sah____?)
 * ...the train station? : ...himpilan ng tren. (hihm-PEE-luhn nahng trehn)
 * ...the bus station? : ...himpilan ng bus? (hihm-PEE-luhn nahng boos?)
 * ...the airport? : ... paliparan? (pah-lih-PAH-rahn?)
 * ...downtown? : ...bayan? (BAH-yuhn)
 * ...supermarket? : ...supermarket? (English) (Western style supermarkets)
 * ...wet market? : ...palengke? (puh-LENG-keh) (Traditional Filipino market)
 * ...bank? : ...bangko? (BAHNG-koh)
 * ...the youth hostel? : ...hostel? (hohs-TEHL)
 * ...the _____ hotel? : ..._____ otel? (oh-TEHL)
 * ...the American/Canadian/Australian/British consulate? : ... konsulado ng Estados Unidos (Amerika)/Canada/Australia/Britanya?(kohn-soo-LAH-doh nahng ehs-TAH-dohs oo-NEE-dohs / KAH-nuh-duh / ohs-TREHL-yuh / Brih-TAHN-yuh? )
 * Where are there a lot of... : Saan (po) ang karamihan ng... (Suh-AHN (poh) ahng kuh-ruh-MEE-huhn nahng )
 * ...hotels? : ...mga hotel? (muh-NGAH oh-TEHL)
 * ...restaurants? : ... mga kainan? (muh-NGAH KAH-ee-nun)
 * ...malls? : ...mga mall? (muh-NGAH mohl?)
 * ...cinema? :...mga sinehan? (muh-NGAH sih-neh-HAHN?)
 * ...bars? : ...mga bar? (English) (muh-NGAH bahrs?)
 * ...sites to see? : ...mga magagandang tanawin? (muh-NGAH muh-guh-guhn-DAHNG tuh-NAH-wihn?)
 * Can you show me on the map ____ ? : Maari (po) bang ituro mo sa akin sa mapa ang _____? (muh-AH-rih (poh) bahng ih-TOO-roh mo sah AH-kihn sah MAH-puh ahng____)
 * street : kalye (KAHL-yeh)
 * Turn left. : Kumaliwa. (Koo-muh-lee-WAH)
 * Turn right. : Kumanan. (Koo-MAH-nuhn)
 * left : kaliwa (kuh-lih-WAH)
 * right : kanan (KAH-nuhn)
 * straight ahead : dumiretso (doo-MEE-reh-tso)
 * towards the _____ : patungo sa _____ (puh-TOO-ngo sah)
 * past the _____ : lagpas sa _____ (luhg-PAHS)
 * before the _____ : bago sa _____ (BAH-goh sah)
 * Watch out for the _____. : Maging mapagmasid ka sa _____. (muh-GEENG muh-puhg-muh-SEED kah sah)
 * intersection : interseksyon (ihn-tehr-SEHK-shon)
 * north : hilaga (hih-LAH-gah)
 * south : timog (TEE-mohg)
 * east : silangan (sih-LAH-nguhn)
 * west : kanluran (kuhn-LOO-ruhn)
 * uphill : paakyat ng burol (puh-uhk-YAHT nahng boo-ROHL)
 * downhill : pababa ng burol (pah-bah-BAH nahng boo-ROHL)

Taxi

 * Taxi! : Taksi! (TAHK-sih)
 * Take me to _____, please (formal). : Pakihatid mo ako sa_____. (Puh-kih-huh-TEED moh uh-KOH sah___.)
 * To _____, please (casual). : Sa ____. (sah)
 * I'm going to ____ : Papunta akong _____ (puh-poon-TAH uh-KONG)
 * How much does it cost to get to _____? : Magkano papuntang _____? (muhg-KAH-noh puh-poon-TANG)
 * How much do you charge? : Magkano (po) ang singil mo? (muhg-KAH-noh (poh) ahng sih-NGEEL moh)
 * How much is the fare? : Magkano (po) ang bayad? (muhg-KAH-noh (poh) ahng BAH-yuhd)
 * Take me there, please. : Pakihatid mo (po) ako doon. (puh-kih-huh-TEED moh (poh) uh-KOH doh-'OHN)

Jeepney/Bus

 * One / Two / Three etc. to ____ (When paying the fare for number of people) : Isa / Dalawa / Tatlo papuntang _____ (insert the destination here) (ih-SAH / duh-luh-WAH / tuht-LOH puh-poon-TAHNG____)
 * Stop!!! (to get off the jeepney/bus) : Para!!!! (PA-ruh)
 * How much is the fare to _____? : Magkano ang pamasahe papuntang _____ ?(Muhg-KAH-noh ahng puh-muh-SAH-heh puh-poon-TAHNG____?)
 * Sir (driver) Where's my change? : Manong, nasaan ang sukli ko? ( MAH-nohng nuh-suh-AHN ahng sook-LEE koh?)
 * Can you drop me off at ____? :  Maari niyo ba akong ibababa sa ____? (muh-AH-rih nih-YOH bah uh-KOHNG ih-buh-BAH' sah___?)

Lodging

 * Do you have any rooms available? : Meron (po) ba kayong kwarto na hindi ginagamit? (MEH-rohn (poh) bah kuh-YOHNG KWAHR-toh nah hihn-DEE ghih-nuh-GAH-miht?)
 * How much is a room for one person / two people? : Magkano (po) ang isang kwarto para sa isang / dalawang tao? (Muhg-KAH-noh (po) ahng ih-SAHNG KWAHR-toh PAH-ruh sah ih-SAHNG / duh-luh-WAHNG TAH'-oh)
 * Does the room come with...? : Kasama ba sa kwarto ang ______ ? (Kuh-SAH-muh bah sah KWAHR-toh ahng______?)
 * ...bedsheets? : ...kumot? (KOO-moht)
 * ...pillows? : ...unan (OO-nuhn)
 * ...a bathroom? : ...banyo? (BAHN-yoh)
 * ...a telephone? : ...telepono? (teh-LEH-poh-noh)
 * ...a TV? : ...TV? (TV)
 * Can I see the room first? : Pwede (po) bang makita muna ang kwarto? (PWEH-deh (poh) bahng muh-KEE-tuh MOO-nuh ahng KWAHR-toh?)
 * Do you have anything quieter? : Meron (po) ba kayong mas tahimik? (MEH-rohn (poh) bah kuh-YOHNG mahs tuh-HEE-mihk?)
 * ...bigger? : ...mas malaki? (...mahs muh-luh-KEE)
 * ...cleaner? : ...mas malinis? (...mahs muh-LEE-mihs)
 * ...cheaper? : ...mas mura? (mahs MOO-ruh)
 * OK, I'll take it. : Sige, kukunin ko. (SEE-geh, koo-KOO-nihn koh.)
 * I will stay for _____ night(s). : Mananatili ako ng _____ gabi. (Muh-nuh-nuh-TEE-lih uh-KOH nahng____ guh-BEE)
 * Can you suggest another hotel? : Pwede ba kayong magmungkahi ng ibang hotel? (PWEH-deh bah kuh-YOHNG muhg-moong-KAH-hih' nuhng ih-BAHNG hoh-TEHL)
 * Do you have a safe? : Meron (po) ba kayong safe? (MEH-roh (poh) bah kuh-YOHNG seyf)
 * ...lockers? : ...lockers? (...LAWH-kuhrs)
 * Is breakfast / lunch / supper included? : Kasama (po) ba ang almusal / tanghalian / hapunan? (Kuh-SAH-muh (poh) bah ahng uhl-moo-SAHL / tuhng-huh-LEE-'uhn/ huh-POO-nuhn?)
 * What time is for breakfast / lunch / supper? : Anong oras sa almusal / tanghalian / hapunan? (Uh-NOHNG OH-ruhs sah uhl-moo-SAHL / tuhng-huh-LEE-'uhn/ huh-POO-nuhn?)
 * Please clean my room. : Pakilinisan mo (po) ang aking kwarto. (Puh-kih-lih-NEE-suhn moh (poh) ahng AH-kihng KWAHR-toh)
 * Can you wake me up at _____ ( e.g. ten o'clock AM) ? : Pwede mo ba akong gisingin ng _____(e.g. alas diyes ng umaga)? (PWEH-deh moh bah uh-KOHNG gih-SEE-ngihn nuhng______?)
 * I want to checkout. : Gusto ko na mag-checkout. (GOOS-toh koh nah muhg-TSEHK-ahwt)
 * Who's knocking the door? : Sino ang kumakatok sa pinto? (SEE-noh ahng koo-MAH-kuh-TOHK sah pihn-TOH')
 * Who's there? : Sino (po) (i)yan? (SEE-noh (poh) (ih-)YAHN?)
 * The toilet is not working. : Sira (po) ang inidoro. (Sih-RAH' (po) ahng ih-nih-DOH-roh)

Money

 * Do you accept ... : Tumatanggap (po) ba kayo ng ... (Too-muh-tang-GAP (poh) bah kuh-YOH nuhng...)
 * ... credit cards? : ... credit card? (KREH-diht kahrd?)
 * ... checks? : ... tseke? (TSEH-keh)
 * ... dollars? : ... dolyares? (dohl-YAH-rehs)
 * Can you change my money to _____? : Pwede mo bang mapalitan ang pera ko sa _____? (PWEH-deh moh BAHNG muh-puh-lih-TAHN ahng PEH-rah koh sah _____)
 * I want to change my money to Philippine pesos. : Gusto kong papalitan ang pera ko sa peso. (GOOS-toh kohng muh-puh-lih-TAN ahng PEH-rah koh sah PEH-soh)
 * Where can I get my money changed? : Saan (po) pwedeng magpapalit ng pera? (Suh-'AHN (poh) PWEH-dehng muhg-puh-puh-LEET nuhng PEH-rah?)
 * Can you change a traveler's check for me? : Pwede mo bang mapalitan ang tseke ko? (PWEH-deh moh bahng muh-puh-lih-TAN ahng TSEH-keh koh?)
 * Where can I get a traveler's check changed? : Saan ko pwedeng mapalitan ang tseke ko? (Suh-'AHN ko PWE-deng muh-puh-lih-TAHN ahng TSEH-keh koh?)
 * What is the exchange rate in _____? : Magkano ang palitan sa _____? (Muhg-KAH-noh ang puh-LEE-tuhn sah _____)
 * Where is the ATM (Automatic Teller Machine)? : Saan (po) ang ATM? (Suh-'AHN (poh) ahng ATM?)
 * I want to withdraw money from an ATM. : Gusto kong mag-withdraw (sa ATM). (GOOS-toh kohng muhg-wid-DROH (sah EY-TEE-EHM))

Eating

 * A table for one person/two people, please. : Isang mesa (po) para sa isa / dalawang katao. (ih-SAHNG MEH-suh (poh) PAH-ruh sah ih-SAH / duh-luh-WAHNG kuh-TAH'-oh)
 * Can I look at the menu, please? : Pwede ko bang makita ang menu, please? (PWEH-deh koh bahng muh-KEE-tuh ahng meh-NOO)
 * Can I look in the kitchen? : Pwede ko banng makita ang kusina? (PWEH-de koh bahng muh-KEE-tuh ahng koo-SEE-nuh)
 * Where's the bathroom/washroom? : Nasaan ang C.R.? (nuh-suh-AHN ahng SEE-ahr)
 * Is there a house specialty? : Meron ba kayong specialty? (meh-ron bah kah-yong speh-shahl-TEE)
 * Is there a local specialty? : Meron ba kayong local specialty? (...)
 * I'm a vegetarian. : Vegetarian (po) ako. (...)
 * I don't eat pork. : Hindi (po) ako kumakain ng karneng baboy. (Hihn-DEE (poh) ako koo-muh-KAH-ihn nuhng KAHR-nehng BAH-boy)
 * I don't eat beef. : Hindi ako kumakain ng karne. (Hihn-DEE (poh) ako koo-muh-KAH-ihn nuhng KAHR-neh)
 * I only eat kosher food. : Kosher lang ang kinakain ko. (KOH-shuhr lahng ahng kih-nuh-KAH-ihn koh)
 * Can you make it "lite", please? (less oil/butter/lard) : Pwede mo (po) bang gawing "lite"? (PWEH-deh moh (poh) bahng guh-WEENG "layt" )
 * It's salty. : Maalat ito (Muh-AH-luht ih-TOH)
 * It's so sweet. : Napakatamis nito. (NAH-puh-kuh-tuh-MEES nih-TOH)
 * It's so spicy. : Napakaanghang nito. (NAH-puh-kuh-uhng-HAHNG nih-TOH)
 * fixed-price meal : fixed-price meal
 * à la carte : a la carte
 * breakfast : almusal (uhl-moo-SAHL)
 * lunch : tanghalian (tuhng-huh-LEE'-ahn)
 * snack (meal) : meriyenda (meh-rih-YEHN-duh)
 * supper : hapunan (huh-POO-nuhn)
 * I want _____. : Gusto ko ng _____. (GOOS-to koh nuhng)
 * I want a dish containing _____. : Gusto ko ng ulam na naglalaman ng _____. (GOOS-to koh nuhng OO-luhm nah nuhg-LAH-luh-muhn nuhng_____.)
 * chicken : manok (mah-NOHK)
 * beef : karne (KAHR-neh)
 * fish : isda (ihs-DAH')
 * ham : hamon (huh-MOHN)
 * food : pagkain (puhg-KAH'-ihn)
 * drinks : inumin (ih-NOO-mihn)
 * sausage : longganisa (local sausage) (lohng-guh-NEE-suh)
 * cheese : keso (KEH-soh)
 * eggs : itlog (ihtt-LOG)
 * salad : ensalada (ehn-suh-LAH-duh)
 * corn : mais
 * (fresh) vegetables : (sariwang) gulay ((suh-REE-wuhng) GOO-ligh)
 * (fresh) fruit : (sariwang) prutas ((suh-REE-wuhng) PROO-tuhs)
 * bread : tinapay (tih-NAH-pai)
 * fastfood : fastfood
 * toast : tustado (toos-TAH-doh)
 * noodles : pansit (puhn-SEET)
 * rice : kanin (KAH-nihn)/bigas (bih-GAS, used for uncooked rice)
 * beans : priholes (prih-ho-les)
 * raw : hilaw (hih-LAHW)
 * cooked : niluto (nih-LOO-to)
 * fried : prinito (Prih-NEE-toh)
 * fried chicken / fish / egg : prinitong manok / isda / itlog (Prih-NEE-tohng muh-NOHK / ihs-DAH' / iht-LOHG)
 * grilled / roasted : inihaw
 * boiled : nilaga (nih-LAH-guh)
 * salt : asin (uh-SEEN)
 * sugar : asukal (uh-SOO-kuhl)
 * cooking oil : mantika (muhn-TEE-kuh)
 * garlic : bawang (BAH-wuhng)
 * onion : sibuyas (sih-BOO--yuhs)
 * black pepper : paminta (puh-MEEN-tuh)
 * soy sauce : toyo (toh-YOH')
 * butter : margarina or mantikilya (muhr-guh-REE-nuh, muhn-tih-KEEL-yuh)
 * Can/May I have a glass of _____? : Pwedeng/Maaaring makahingi ng isang baso ng _____? (PWEH-dehng / Muh-'uh-'uh-'AH-rihng muh-kuh-hih-NGEE' nuhng ih-SAHNG BAH-soh nuhng____?)
 * Can/May I have a cup of _____? : Pwedeng/Maaring makahingi ng isang tasa ng _____? (PWEH-dehng / Muh-'uh-'uh-'AH-rihng muh-kuh-hih-NGEE' nuhng ih-SAHNG TAH-suh nuhng____?)
 * Can/May I have a bottle of _____? : Pwedeng / Maaaring makahingi ng isang bote ng _____? (PWEH-dehng / Muh-'uh-'uh-'AH-rihng muh-kuh-hih-NGEE' nuhng ih-SAHNG BOH-teh nuhng____?)
 * coffee : kape (kuh-PEH)
 * tea : tsaa (tsa-'AH)
 * iced tea : iced tea (no direct translation)
 * chocolate : tsokolate (tso-koh-LAH-teh)
 * ice : yelo (YEH-loh)
 * juice : juice (DZHUHS)
 * water : tubig (TOO-bihg)
 * beer : serbesa (formal) (sehr-BEH-suh), beer (casual) (BEER)
 * red/white wine : red/white wine (no direct translation)
 * May I have some _____? : Maaaring makahingi ng_____? (Muh-'uh-'uh-'AH-rihng muh-kuh-hih-NGEE' nuhng____?)
 * dessert : panghimagas (formal) (puhng-hih-MAH-guhs), dessert (casual) (deh-SUHRT)
 * Excuse me, waiter? (getting attention of server): Excuse me, waiter? (no direct translation)
 * I'm finished / done. : Tapos na ako./ Tapos na akong kumain. (TAH-pohs nah uh-KOH / TAH-pohs nah uh-KOHNG koo-MAH'-in)
 * It was delicious. : Masarap ang pagkain. (muh-suh-RAHP ahng puhg-KAH'-ihn)
 * Please clean the table. : Pakilinisan mo (po) ang mesa. (Puh-kih-lih-NEE-suhn moh (poh) ahng MEH-suh)
 * Can I get the bill, please. : Yung bill (po). (YOONG bihl (poh).)

KTV (Karaoke Bars)

 * Can we get a room to sing?
 * Pwede (po) ba kaming kumuha ng kuwarto para kumanta? (PWEH-deh (poh) bah kuh-MEENG koo-MOO-huh' nuhng koo-WAHR-toh PAH-ruh koo-muhn-TAH')

Bars

 * Do you serve alcohol? : Nagseserb (po) ba kayo ng alak? (nuhg-suh-SUHRB (po) bah kuh-YOH nuhng AH-luhk?)
 * Do you have cigarettes? : Meron (po) ba kayong sigarilyo? (MEH-rohn (poh) bah kuh-YOHNG sih-guh-REEL-yoh?)
 * Is there a table service? : Meron (po) ba kayong "table service"? (MEH-rohn (poh) bah kuh-YOHNG "TEY-buhl SUHR-bihs")
 * A beer / two beers, please. : Isa / dalawa (po)-ng beer/s. (ih-SAH / duh-luh-WAH (poh)-ng BEER)
 * A glass of red/white wine, please. : Isang baso (po) ng "red / white wine". (ih-SAHNG BAH-soh (poh') nuhng "rehd / wayt wayn")
 * A pint, please. : Isang pinta, po. (ih-SAHNG PEEN-tuh, poh')
 * A bottle, please. : Isang bote, po. (ih-SAHNG BOH-teh, poh')
 * _____ (hard liquor) and _____ (mixer), please. : _____ at / saka _____, po. (_____ aht / suh-KAH _____, poh.)
 * whiskey : whiskey (wihs-KEE)
 * vodka : vodka (bod-KAH)
 * rum : rum (rahm)
 * water : tubig (TOO-bihg)
 * club soda : club soda (...)
 * tonic water : tonic water (...)
 * orange juice : orange juice (...)
 * Coke (soda/pop) : Coke (soft drinks)
 * Do you have any snacks? : Meron (po) ba kayong chicherya? (MEH-rohn (poh) bah kuh-YOHNG tsih-tsehr-YAH)
 * One more, please. : Isa pa nga ulit. (ih-SAH pah ngah oo-LEET.)
 * Another round, please. : Isa pa ulit. (ih-SAH pah oo-LEET)
 * When is closing time? : Kailan (Anong oras) kayo magsasara? (kuh-ih-LAHN (uh-NOHNG OH-ruhs) kuh-YOH muhg-suh-suh-RAH?)
 * Cheers! : Tagay! (TAH-gai!)

Shopping

 * Where can I buy ____? : Saan ako makakabili ng _____? (suh-'AHN uh-KOH muh-kuh-kuh-bih-LEE nuhng____?)
 * Do you have size ____ (e.g. 8/9/10) ? : Meron (po) kayong size _____(e.g. 8/9/10)? (MEH-rohn (poh) kuh-YOHNG says_____?)
 * How much is it? : Magkano ito? (muhg-KAH-noh ih-TOH?)
 * That's too expensive. : Napakamahal naman niyan. (nuh-puh-kuh-mah-HAHL nuh-MAN nih-YAHN)
 * Do you accept credit card?: Tumatanggap (po) ba kayo ng credit card? (too-MAH-tuhng-GAHP (poh) bah kuh-YOH nuhng KREH-diht kahrd?)
 * expensive : mahal (mah-HAHL)
 * cheap : mura (MOO-ruh)
 * I can't afford it. : Hindi ko (po) kayang bilhin. (hihn-DEE koh (poh) KAH-yuhng bihl-HEEN.)
 * I don't want it. : Hindi ko (po) ito gusto. (hihn-DEE koh (poh) ih-TOH goos-TOH'')
 * You're trying to fool me. : Dinadaya mo ako. (dih-nuh-DAH-yuh' moh uh-KOH.)
 * I'm not interested. : Hindi (po) ako interesado. (hihn-DEE (poh) uh-KOH ihn-teh-reh-SAH-doh.)
 * OK, I'll take it. : Sige, kukunin ko na iyan. (SEE-geh, koo-KOO-nihn koh nah ih-YAHN.)
 * Can I have a bag? : Pwede (po)-ng makahingi ng bag? (PWEH-deh (poh)-ng muh-kuh-hih-NGEE' nuhng BAHG?)
 * It's too big. : Sobrang laki nito. (SOH-bruhng luh-KEE nih-TOH.)
 * It's too small. : Sobrang liit nito. (SOH-bruhng lih-EET nih-TOH.)
 * Do you have a size smaller / bigger than this? : Meron (po) ba kayong mas maliit / malaki pa nito? (MEH-rohn (poh) bah kuh-YOHNG mahs muh-lih-EET / muh-luh-KEE pah nih-TOH?)
 * Can I change the size to ____? : Pwede ko (po)-ng palitan ang Size sa ____ ? (PWEH-deh koh (poh)-ng puh-lih-TAHN ahng says sah____?)
 * Do you ship overseas? : Nagpapadala (po) ba kayo sa ibang bansa? (nuhg-PAH-puh-duh-LAH (poh) bah kuh-YOH sah ih-BAHNG buhn-SAH')
 * Do you have ____? : Meron (po) ba kayong ______? (MEH-rohn (poh) bah kuh-YOHNG____?)
 * I need... : Kailangan ko (po) ng ... (kuh-'ih-LAH-nguhn koh (poh) nuhng)
 * ...toothpaste. : ...toothpaste. (TOOT-peyst)
 * ...shoes : sapatos (suh-PAH-tohs)
 * ...clothes : damit (duh-MEET)
 * ...jewelry : alahas (uh-LAH-huhs)
 * ...necklace : kwintas (kwihn-TAHS)
 * ...earings : hikaw (HEE-kahw)
 * ...ring : singsing (SEENG-SEENG)
 * ...a toothbrush. : ...sipilyo. (sih-PEEL-yoh)
 * ...tampons. : ...napkin. (NAHP-kihn)
 * ...soap. : ...sabon. (suh-BOHN)
 * ...shampoo. : ...syampu. (SHAHM-poo)
 * ...pain reliever. (e.g., aspirin or ibuprofen) : ...pain reliever.
 * ...cold medicine. : ...gamot sa sipon. (guh-MOHT sah sih-POHN)
 * ...stomach medicine. : ...gamot sa tiyan. (guh-MOHT sah tsahn)
 * ...a razor. : ...pang-ahit. (pung-AH-hiht)
 * ...an umbrella. : ... payong. (PAH-yohng)
 * ...sunblock lotion. : ...sunblock lotion.
 * ...a postcard. : ...postkard. (POHST-KAHRD)
 * ...postage stamps. : ...selyo. (SEHL-yoh)
 * ...batteries. : ... baterya. (buh-tehr-YAH)
 * ...writing paper. : ...papel. (puh-PEHL)
 * ...a pen. : ...bolpen. (BOHL-pehn)
 * ...pencil : ...lapis. (LAH-pihs)
 * ...English-language books. : ...mga librong Ingles. (muh-NGAH lih-BROHNG ihhng-GLEHS'')
 * ...English-language magazines. : ...mga magasin na pang-Ingles . (muh-NGAH MAH-guh-sihn nah puhng-ihng-GLEHS)
 * ...an English-language newspaper. : ...dyaryong pang-Ingles (DZHAH-ryohng puhng-ihng-GLEHS)
 * ...an English dictionary. : ...diksyonaryong Ingles. (dihk-sho-NAH-ryohng ihhng-GLEHS)

Driving

 * I want to rent a car. : Gusto ko (po)-ng mag-renta ng kotse. (GOOS-to ko (poh)-ng muhg REHN-tuh nuhng KOH-tseh'')
 * Can I get insurance? : Pwede (po) akong kumuha ng insurance? (PWEH-deh (poh) uh-KOHNG koo-MOO-huh nuhng ihn-SHOO-ruhns?)

Most Philippine road signs are in English.

 * stop (on a street sign): tumigil (too-MEE-gihl)
 * one way : iisang pagdaan (ih-ih-SAHNG puhg-duh-AHN)
 * yield : huminto (hoo-mihn-TOH')
 * no parking : bawal pumarada (BAH-wuhl poo-muh-RAH-duh)
 * speed limit : katakdaan sa bilis (kuh-tuhk-duh-'AHN sah bih-LEES )
 * gas (petrol) station : gasolinahan (guh-soh-lih-nuh-HAHN)
 * petrol : petrolyo (peh-TROHL-yoh)
 * diesel : krudo / disel (KROO-doh / DEE-sehl)

Authority

 * I haven't done anything wrong. : Wala (po) akong nagawang masama. (Wuh-LAH (poh) uh-KOHNG nuh-guh-WAHNG muh-suh-MAH.')
 * It was (just) a misunderstanding. : Isang hindi pagkakaunawaan (lang) (i)yon. (Ih-SAHNG hihn-DEE' puhg-kuh-KAH-oo-nuh-WAH'-uhn (lahng) (ih-)YOHN.)
 * Where are you taking me? : Saan mo / niyo ako dadalhin? (Suh-'AHN moh / nih-YOH uh-KOH DAH-duhl-HEEN?)
 * (Use mo if you are talking to one person and niyo or nyo if you are talking to two or more people.)

 * Am I under arrest? : Arestado (po) ba ako? (Uh-rehs-TAH-doh (poh) bah uh-KOH?)
 * Where's the warrant? : Nasaan ang mandamyento / warrant? (Nuh-suh-'AHN ahng muhn-duh-MYEHN-toh / WAHR-ruhnt?)
 * I am an American/Australian/British/Canadian citizen. : Ako ay isang mamamayang Amerikano / Australyano / Britaniko / Kanadyano. (formal) (uh-KOH 'ai ih-SAHNG MAH-muh-muh-YAHNG uh-meh-rih-KAH-noh / ohs-truhl-YAH-noh / brih-TAH-nih-koh / kuh-nuh-DZHAH-noh.)
 * Mamamayang Amerikano / Australyano / Britaniko / Kanadyano ako. (Casual) (MAH-muh-muh-YAHNG uh-meh-rih-KAH-noh / ohs-truhl-YAH-noh / brih-TAH-nih-koh / kuh-nuh-DZHAH-noh uh-KOH.)

 * I want to talk to the American / Australian / British / Canadian embassy/consulate. : Gusto kong makipagusap sa embahada / konsulado ng Amerika / Australia / Britanya / Kanada. (GOOS-toh koh muh-kuh-puhg-OOH-suhp sah ehm-buh-HAH-duh / kohn-soo-LAH-doh nuhng uh-MEH-rih-kuh / ohs-TREHL-yuh / brih-TAHN-yuh / KAH-nuh-duh)
 * I want to talk to my lawyer. : Gusto kong makipagusap sa aking abugado. (GOOS-toh koh muh-kuh-puhg-OOH-suhp sah AH-kihng uh-boo-GAH-do)
 * Can I just pay a fine now? : Pwede na lang ako magbayad ng multa? (PWEHHdeh nah lahng uh-KOH muhg-BAH-yuhd nuhng MOOL-tuh)
 * Law: Batas (buh-TAHS)
 * Judge: Hukom, Huwes (hoo-KOOM, hoo-WEHS)
 * Lawyer: Abugado (uh-boo-GAH-doh)
 * Court: Hukuman, Korte (hoo-koo-MAHN, KOHR-teh)
 * Jail: Bilangguan, Kulungan (bih-luhng-GOO'-uhn, koo-LOO-nguhn)
 * Cop: Pulis (poo-LEES)

When in Danger
As natural disasters happen to the Philippines, if such disaster is severe, you might hear some locals saying this sentence, mainly because they're panicking. This sentence is just added to understand some of the locals' expressions during these calamities.
 * A thief! : Magnanakaw! (mug-nuh-NAH-kow)
 * Help! : Saklolo! or Tulong! (Actually, both 'Saklolo' and 'Tulong' mean the same thing for 'Help', and both words are understood by locals, thus they're interchangeable. Usage of them depends on your personal preference.) (suhk-LOH-loh o TOO-lohng)
 * I was robbed by that thief and now my purse is gone. What should I do now? : Ninakawan ako ng magnanakaw na iyon at ngayon wala na yung pitaka ko. Ano na ang gagawin ko ngayon? (nih-nuh-KAH-wuhn ah-KOH nuhng mug-nuh-NAH-kahw nah 'ih-YOHN aht ngah-YOHN wuh-LAH nah yoong pih-TAH-kuh koh. uh-NOH nah ahng GAH-guh-wihn koh?)
 * Call the police about the incident: Tawagan mo ang pulis ukol sa pangyayari. (tuh-WAH-guhn moh ang poo-LEESS OO-kohl sah nuhng-YAH-rih')
 * Fire! : Sunog! (SOO-nohg!)
 * Call the nearest fire station, quick! : Tawagan mo na ang pinakamalapit na istasyon ng bumbero, bilis! (tuh-WAH-guhn mo na ang pih-nuh-kuh-muh-LAH-piht nah ihs-tuh-SHON nuhng boom-BEH-roh)
 * Let's get out of here! : Umalis na tayo dito! (ooh-muh-LEESS nah TAH-yoh DEE-toh!)
 * There's an earthquake! : May lindol! (Migh lihn-DOHL)
 * Get some hard stuff to protect your heads, now! : Kumuha kayo ng matigas na bagay para maprotektahan ang inyong mga ulo, ngayon din! (coo-moo-HAH KAH-yoh ng ma-tih-GAHSS na BAH-gigh PAH-ruh ma-pro-TEHK-tuh-HAHN ahng ihn-YONG muhnga 'OO-loh, nguh-YOHN dihn)
 * Tsunami! : Tsunami! (Filipinos don't have their own word for tsunami.)
 * Let's evacuate! : Sumilong na tayo! (soo-MEE-lohng nah TAH-yoh!)
 * Run! : Takbo! (tuhk-BOH)
 * It's dangerous there! : Delikado diyan! (de-lih-KAH-doh jahn)
 * Am I going to die now? : Mamamatay na ba ako ngayon? (muh-MAH-muh-TIGH nah bah uh-KOH nguh-YON)

title: Tagalog phrasebook


text:
Fillmore

Fillmore is a small town in Ventura County in California. It is primarily an agricultural area, although it does have a historic downtown that dates back to the late 1800s when the Southern Pacific railroad built a line through the town.

Go next

 * Santa Paula - 10 miles to the west, Santa Paula advertises itself as the "Citrus Capital of the World" and was an early center of California's petroleum industry. It is home to the California Oil Museum, housed in the historic Union Oil Building.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Fillmore


text:
Finale Ligure

Finale Ligure is a town in Liguria of about 12,000 inhabitants (2010). Finale Ligure consists of three formerly independent towns: Finalmarina (Finale Marina) close to the sea, Finalpia (Finale Pia) also on the sea and finally Final Borgo (Finalborgo) slightly inland. Today, the three parts are completely grown together, but the old centre of each part can still be noticed. This is most obvious in Finalborgo, where the cosy old town with its small streets is still surrounded by the original town wall. Finale Ligure is popular with families for the beaches, the climbers for the limestone mountains and the bikers.

By train
There are direct train connections from Genova about every 30 minutes (1 hour) and from Milan about every 2 hours (2½ hours). Irregular direct trains from La Spezia exist also. Coming from France (Nice) you have to change in Ventimiglia. From Switzerland you have to change trains in Milan and possibly also in Genova. The train station is in Finalmarina and called Finale Ligure Marina.

By car
The highway (A10) connecting northern Italy with France is passing just a few kilometres north of the town.

By plane
The nearest airports are in Genova and in Nice. They are about 45 minutes and 1½ hours respectively by car. Neither airport is connected to the railway network. However, there are regular buses connecting the airport and the main train station.

Get around
The downtowns of Finale are small and everything is in walking distance. Even moving between the different centres is just a 15-minute walk. There's public bike sharing available if you need a bike for a ride around town (see below).

Driving by car can be a hassle due to the narrow streets and many of it being one way only.

Hitchhiking is a convenient way to get to the climbing sites outside of town.

Finalmarina

 * Basilica di S. Giovanni Battista
 * Chiesa dei Neri
 * Chiesa Frati Capuccini
 * Arco di Margherita di Spagna
 * Arco di Re Carlo Alberto
 * Fortezza die Castelfranco

Finalpia

 * Santuario di S. Maria Pia
 * Cappella di S. Antonio al Monte
 * Mausoleo Maresciallo Caviglia

Finalborgo
The historic centre of Finalborgo was for many centuries the capital of the Marquisate and the administrative centre of Finale. It is situated in a strategic position at the confluence of the Porra and Aquila rivers. Finalborgo was thought to have been founded around the end of the 12th century, but archaeological discoveries date back its foundation to some centuries before.

Finalborgo is a walled town characterized by its 15th century structure established following the war with Genoa.

 * Basilica di S. Biagio - baroque church
 * Chiostri di S. Caterina
 * Castel Gavone
 * Castel S. Giovanni
 * Palazzo Ricci
 * Palazzo Arnaldi
 * Palazzo del Tribunale
 * Porta Reale
 * Porta Testa

Do

 * Climbing! That's the reason most people come here.
 * Biking
 * Hiking
 * Beaching
 * Beaching

Eat
There are plenty of restaurants and also the cafes have sometimes decent food available. Most restaurants do Italian standard fare.

Sleep
Hotels often state a minimum stay of 3 or 4 days during high season period (July and August). Nevertheless, it is still possible to stay for shorter periods on request. Some hotels cater to specific target groups such as families, bikers and climbers and quite a few are pet-friendly.

Camping
There is a free camping area between the city and the highway which belongs to a little pizzeria. The area provides very basic showers and toilets.

Budget
There are no hostels in Finale Ligure. The closest one can be found in Savona. During off season some rooms can be had for a bargain.

Go next

 * Noli
 * Savona
 * San Remo

title: Finale Ligure


text:
Financial District

There are several neighborhoods called Financial District:

Canada

 * Financial District (Toronto) — A neighborhood in Toronto.

United States of America

 * Boston/Financial District — A neighborhood in Boston.
 * Financial District (Los Angeles) — A neighborhood in Los Angeles.
 * Manhattan/Financial District — A neighborhood in Manhattan, New York City.
 * Financial District (San Francisco) — A neighborhood in San Francisco.

title: Financial District


text:
Finca Sonador

Finca Sonador, also known as Longo Mai, is a village in South Pacific Costa Rica, right on the border of the Provinces of San Jose and Puntarenas.

Understand
The Longo Mai movement has its origins in Austria, Germany, Switzerland and France. Young people from the "generation 68" founded the first settlement in 1973 in France ("Longo maï" in Provençal means “may it last long”). They focused on living together, based on self-administration and agricultural self-sufficiency. In addition, they initiated many social projects. In 1979, when many Nicaraguans had to flee from the terror regime of Anastasio Somoza, the cooperative decided to buy land in Costa Rica. The idea was to make it available to the refugees and thereby enable them to live independently and in dignity.

After the victory of the Sandinistas, most of the Nicaraguans returned to their home countries. Families of Salvadorian refugees replaced the Nicaraguans, and landless Costa Rican peasant families (indigenous and non-indigenous) settled down as well. Today, most inhabitants have Salvadorian roots. Roland Spendlingwimmer, a founding member of Longo Mai, has been guiding the project from the very first day.

While in the 1980s the primary concern was to provide shelter for Central American refugees, the community is today developing into an ecological center. Located at the center of vast Del Monte pineapple plantations, the village of Longo Mai (Longo Mai and Finca Sonador are used as synonyms) functions as a “green lung”. Whereas the huge pineapple plantations are a social and ecological catastrophe, the agriculture of Longo Mai is combined with environmental protection and eco-tourism.

For its own use, the village produces corn, beans, rice, yuca (manioc), bananas, platanos (plantains), meat, milk, eggs, fruit etc. They also grow coffee and sugarcane crops to sell on the market.

Longo Mai today comprises about, half of which is protected rain forest. For the approx. 400 inhabitants there are two pulperías (village stores), one school, a kindergarten and two churches. Also, one regional environmental organization (UNAPROA) is based in Longo Mai. The infrastructure as well as various activities are run by numerous committees.

The Longo Mai tourism concept is primarily directed at young people who want to participate in the life of a Costa Rican or Salvadorian family and complete their own projects. Other guests include graduates from highschool who want to spend a year abroad before studying, students, who spend their winter break in Costa Rica or write their final paper, young social workers, community servants, families with kids, and also older people seeking a green, quiet place for rest. The low rates are designed to make a long-term stay possible especially for young visitors. In 2004, the Longo Mai concept of socially responsible tourism based on cultural exchange was awarded the “to-do” prize of the German “Studienkreis für Tourismus und Entwicklung” (study group for tourism and development).

Get in
From San José to Longo Mai you can get without changing buses, the trip with a Tracopa bus takes 3½ to 4 hours, and leave every 1-2 hours from early morning. After about 3 hours you get into San Isidro de El General, from there the bus takes about 45 more minutes to Longo Mai. If you don't know the route, ask the driver to stop in Longo Mai.

From the Longo Mai bus stop, a gravel road takes you about one mile up the hill into the village. You can ask for a shuttle, the residents around the bus stop and Edith's family (+506 8330-6118) charge about ₡2000-3000 for that (in 2010). If you call early, a pick-up service by horse is another possibility.

See
Villagers offer guided tours on themes such as agriculture, the rain forest and other topics. Tours to the petroglyphs on the Finca Sonador and to the giant "Ceiba" tree are also possible. Numerous villagers rent out their horses. A time-worthy ride leads to the "Perica", a spectacular waterfall about 2 hours (on foot) from Longo Mai.

Do
Longo Mai villagers offer a wide range of classes and workshops, such as:

 * Spanish
 * Dancing
 * Manufacturing of chocolate
 * Pupusas (Salvadorian dish)
 * Tortillas
 * Handicrafts

Visitors are invited to help the locals, for example by participating in the coffee or sugar cane harvest.

Eat
Most of the visitors will eat with their host families.

Drink
In Longo Mai you cannot buy alcoholic beverages. The closest bar is about 30 minutes on foot from the village.

Sleep
Many host families offer guest rooms or cabinas (rooms with individual access) with full pension. The tourism committee, represented by Doña Edith, is responsible for the assignment of a host family. Newcomers are asked to pay her a visit upon arrival. As of 2010, the daily price for lodging and three meals was ₡6,000 for long-term visitors or ₡8,000 for a short stay of less than 14 days. Visitors are asked to pay in colones, because exchange rates vary and for the families colones are easier to handle. Prices are continually adjusted to inflation. Most families will happily wash your clothes, usually charging a little fee.

Connect
Roland Spendlingwimmer is the coordinator of Longo Mai (English, Spanish, German and French spoken). Email: rolspendling@gmx.net; Tel./Fax: +506 2771-4239

María Edith Quijanos (Doña Edith) is in charge of finding you a host family. You don't have to make a reservation, but she will happily answer your questions (in Spanish). Tel. +506 8330-6118

title: Finca Sonador


text:
Findlay

Findlay is a city of 41,000 people (2018) in Northwest Ohio. This former oil and gas town is the seat of Hancock County, and home to the University of Findlay. The city has a distinct mix of amenities aimed at the working class and academics, almost universally housed in historic architecture.

History
Findlay started as an American military outpost during the War of 1812. After the war Findlay began growing into a town, and was a stop on the Underground Railroad. Findlay became a booming city on its ties to the natural gas boom in the late 1880s. During this time Findlay became a manufacturing hub for glass and other energy intensive manufacturing. Late in the boom, Tell Tailor wrote the song Down By the Old Mill Stream while in Findlay, which became a barbershop quartet hit. While heavy industry and the gas itself went up in smoke, the legacy of the boom is felt in the institutions and architecture it left behind. Findlay Ohio has a large number of Victorian era buildings, and most of its public buildings and prominent institutions hail from that era as well. Now Findlay is a city with a few industries that survived, bolstered by its cultural amenities and educational assets to provide services to nearby rural communities.

Culture
Because of its location in Ohio, Findlay has strong agricultural and equestrian traditions, especially among those living on the outskirts of the city. Even today the Sheriff has a horse mounted posse, and the University of Findlay operates an equestrian program that has separate farms for western riding and English riding styles. While it's uncommon to see horse drawn carriages on the road as in Amish country, it's fairly common as a leisure activity, and competitions can be a big deal at the county fair. In the summer locals frequent country produce stands and the farmers market for fresh goods.

Downtown is more cosmopolitan. Artists tend to live or set up studios in the Jones block and other lofts. Socializing over food and drink is big, and it can be difficult to find a place to sit in popular downtown restaurants during the lunch rush despite Findlay's relatively small size.

The American flag is widely flown in Findlay from commercial buildings to private homes due to efforts from John B. Cooke, who purchased thousands of flags for people to fly in Findlay. Eventually, Findlay became known as Flag City USA.

By car

 * I 75 N/S is the main highway cutting through west Findlay, with access from Toledo and Detroit to the north, or Dayton and Cincinnati to the south. There are two main exits to Findlay.
 * SR 224 E/W is a state highway that eventually reaches Akron to the east.

By car
Findlay can easily be navigated by car, and parking outside the downtown core is rarely an issue. There is a parking garage downtown for when extended parking is needed.

By bus
HATS runs a public shuttle that runs for limited hours on weekdays, as well as shuttles with more flexible hours to anywhere in the county if pre-arranged.

By bike
Biking in Findlay is possible, if a bit treacherous. Motorists in Findlay don't like to share the road, so ride defensively.

On foot
Downtown Findlay and the University of Findlay campus are both very walkable, and have shady sidewalks with ample crossings. The outskirts can be hit or miss - You might be walking on a nice sidewalk, the shoulder of the road, or in a ditch. Going from one side of the city to another can take hours, but is doable.

Architecture
Findlay has some of the highest concentration of Victorian architecture in the United States. While most Victorian houses are still in private use, all can be observed quite well from the street or sidewalk, and many offer occasional tours or dinners.

Parks
Parks in the area are either managed by the City of Findlay, or Hancock County.

Confections, coffee, & tea

Pubs

Stay safe
Findlay is generally a safe city and most crimes that do occur are minor. If a phone is available and an emergency occurs, call 911 for assistance.

Weather
Every so often, the Blanchard river floods Findlay with some floods being flash floods. If a flood occurs, don't panic but be sensible and avoid contact with floodwater directly, as it may contain untreated sewage. In a particularly bad flood there are portions of I-75 may become unusable. Major Floods can downscale or close Findlay's public services and business for months after they occur, especially if that service or business is located downtown.

Connect
Many businesses, especially coffee shops and restaurants, have public Wi-Fi Hotspots.

The local area codes for Findlay are 419 and 567. Most cellular carriers have 4G coverage in Findlay.

Villages and hamlets

 * McComb - A quaint village in Northwest Hancock county. Their public library houses two of the earliest Medals of Honor issued to American Soldiers from the area for a daring raid that occurred during the American Civil War.
 * Bluffton - A small college town
 * Van Buren - A quaint village next to a large state park.
 * Houcktown An unassuming hamlet at a crossroads. Was the birthplace of William "Dummy" Hoy, who is credited with coming up with many of the hand signals used in baseball due to his deafness.

Cities

 * Fremont
 * Lima
 * Marion
 * Sandusky
 * Bowling Green
 * Toledo

title: Findlay


text:
Finger Lakes

Wine and water define the Finger Lakes, a region of New York state south of Lake Ontario. Eleven elegantly elongated bodies of water arrayed across of rolling countryside have produced one of the top wine regions in the country, the East Coast answer to California's Napa Valley. While the wineries that dot the slopes above the Finger Lakes—over a hundred of them—are a major draw, visitors also enjoy the region's many waterways, from the Finger Lakes themselves and Lake Ontario, to the mighty Genesee River and the historic Erie Canal. In the fall, leaf-peepers turn out in force, and wintertime sees skiers heading to the area's slopes.

After a day enjoying the sights and tastes of the Finger Lakes, head to Rochester, the state's third-largest city, for urban amenities and nightlife, or enjoy the college-town atmosphere of Ithaca overlooking Cayuga's waters. Wherever you go, you'll find a friendly, "come look at this next" attitude from the region's residents, each touting a different favorite spot to take a visitor.

Whether you follow the locals, one of the many rural highways, or just your own instincts, the Finger Lakes has culinary—and cultural—flavors to suit any taste.

Cities

 * — big-city culture and small-city charm combine in the region's largest city and primary entry point
 * — a major crossroads in the eastern Finger Lakes, with urban amenities and historic attractions
 * — a thriving 19th-century downtown, a large performing arts center, a waterpark, and boating on Canandaigua Lake
 * — the village every canalside town wants to be
 * — Cornell University and Ithaca College make for a classic college town atmosphere, set amidst gorges and waterfalls
 * — where you can get grape-flavored everything
 * — most famous as the birthplace of the Latter-Day Saints movement, also known as the Mormon church
 * — a center of the women's rights movement in the 19th-century
 * — the quintessential lakeside village

Other destinations

 * — The Grand Canyon of the East, with three beautiful waterfalls

Understand

Iroquois legend recounts that the major Finger Lakes are the impressions left by the Great God Manitou's hand when he transplanted a portion of the Happy Hunting Grounds to Earth.

In truth, the Finger Lakes formed after the last Ice Age (see Ice Age traces). Previous glacial retreats had carved out deep valleys across the middle of the state, and rivers flowed southward through them into the Susquehanna watershed, which empties into Chesapeake Bay. But the last Ice Age left a terminal moraine near the southern ends of the valleys, cutting them off from the Susquehanna system. Another moraine farther north acted as a dam and restricted northerly outflow as well, so the valleys filled with water and became the Finger Lakes.

As with most of Upstate New York, the Finger Lakes region is rooted in American Indian heritage. The Sullivan-Clinton Campaign, a major 1779 American military expedition against the Iroquois, took place throughout the region, as detailed on many historical markers in the area.

The Lakes themselves vary from tiny Canadice—a little over 3 miles (5 km) long and less than half a mile (1 km) wide— all the way to the massive Cayuga Lake—40 miles (64 km) from north to south and wider than Canadice is long. From west to east:

 * Conesus Lake — tranquil and often forgotten, but notable for its annual Ring of Fire event
 * Hemlock Lake — outstanding fishing on a lake surrounded by nearly pristine wilderness
 * Canadice Lake — like Hemlock, it is a water source for the city of Rochester, so development is restricted
 * Honeoye Lake — also has a Ring of Fire event, and also has outstanding fishing
 * Canandaigua Lake — from Canandaigua in the north to Naples in the south
 * Keuka Lake — the unique Y-shaped lake features spectacular views, and Penn Yan and Hammondsport on its shores
 * Seneca Lake — the deepest Finger Lake is home to Geneva and Watkins Glen
 * Cayuga Lake — the longest Finger Lake can be viewed from Cornell University in Ithaca
 * Owasco Lake — a relatively shallow lake south of Auburn
 * Skaneateles Lake — the most pristine of the Finger Lakes, with crystal-clear water and the charming village of Skaneateles
 * Otisco Lake — the lake closest to Syracuse is small and only deep

Read
The book Summer In a Glass, by Evan Dawson, serves as a definitive guide to Finger Lakes wine, but with a focus on the personalities of the people involved in the industry. It's more of a portrait than a directory or textbook, but few other publications have captured the region's persona in the same way.

Visitor information
Several agencies provide travel information for the Finger Lakes region; the most official is the Finger Lakes Regional Tourism Council, which comprises tourism officials from each of 14 counties (including some from Central New York and the Southern Tier).

Talk
English is universal in this region, with the dialect resembling that of the Midwest more than New York City or New England. Small pockets of German-speakers, mostly the older generation, can still be found. Place names are heavily influenced by Iroquois languages; some are veritable tongue-twisters. Give pronunciation your best shot and you'll get a friendly correction, if needed.

Get in

Fly, take a bus, or take a train into Syracuse or Rochester and explore. The Finger Lakes region is only a few hours from New York City by car or bus, or only an hour by plane.

By car
Four major Interstate highways serve the Finger Lakes region. Interstate 90, the New York State Thruway, is a popular toll road that travels between Albany and Buffalo, passing just north of the Finger Lakes and just south of Rochester. Interstate 390 runs south from Rochester and passes just west of Conesus Lake on its way to I-86 and the Southern Tier. I-86 is the Southern Tier Expressway; it connects the Erie, Pennsylvania area to the New York City area, passing through cities like Corning and Binghamton, which are just south of the Finger Lakes region. I-81 is just to the east of the Finger Lakes; it connects Syracuse with Watertown and the Thousand Islands to the north, and with Binghamton and Scranton, Pennsylvania to the south.

By plane
The region has only one full international airport, in Rochester, but Syracuse is close by and easily accessible. Flights to both cities are primarily from hubs such as Chicago, Atlanta, Washington, D.C., Philadelphia, and New York City; actual international flights are now rare. Ithaca's smaller airport also now boasts international customs facilities, though they're only used for charter flights. The Elmira-Corning area (just south of the region) has a small regional airport.

By train
Both Rochester and Syracuse have Amtrak stations, but they're the only stops near this region; Amtrak has no routes in the Southern Tier. Both cities are served by the Lake Shore Limited (Chicago–Boston/NYC), Maple Leaf (Toronto–NYC), and Empire Service (Niagara Falls–NYC) routes. The Empire Service stops in both cities four times daily (two in each direction); the other two pass through twice each day (once in each direction).

Neither station is located in a particularly convenient area, but you'll be able to find connections to regional and long-distance buses, or you can call a taxi or a car rental agency to pick you up.

By boat
The truly adventurous can enter the region from the east or west on the Erie Canal (early May through mid-November). More about navigating the Canal below.

Get around
Most travel in this area will be by car. Unless you are traveling on an organized trip and transportation is already arranged, you will generally want to drive. That said, a few adventurous types might find flying or boating to be feasible.

By car

As noted above, four major highways skirt around the Finger Lakes and allow for quick travel from one side of the region to the other.

Once you get off the expressways, you'll find yourself on well-maintained and well-signed state routes, several of which run north-south between the Finger Lakes to connect the Thruway with the Southern Tier Expressway. Most communities of note in the region are at a crossroads of two or more state routes, so you can usually get where you're going with a minimum of confusion.

By plane
Rochester's is the only major airport in the region, and flying from there to Syracuse or Ithaca just isn't worth it compared to driving. But there are a number of small airstrips around that can accommodate private planes, allowing you the chance to see the Finger Lakes from the air—a rare treat.

By boat
The Erie Canal is a relaxing, scenic way to visit a number of communities in the region. Although it only runs through the northern part of the region, it does connect (through other canals) to Seneca and Cayuga Lakes, allowing easy travel all the way to Ithaca and Watkins Glen.

The canal villages usually have tie-ups near their downtown areas, though availability (and fees) vary. Plan ahead and take note of where locks and bridges are located; they're operated from 7AM–10PM during the peak canal season (mid-May–early September) and 7AM–5PM early and late in the season.

See

Stop in and see the National Women's Hall of Fame in Seneca Falls.

Cornell University is in Ithaca.

In the summer, the Finger Lakes are home to many great music and arts festivals, including the Finger Lakes GrassRoots Festival of Music and Dance.

Also, check out the Rochester Folk Art Guild, a local community of craftspeople who have been creating fine art for over 35 years.

Skaneateles Village is a must. It's a "cute-as-a-button" StoryBook Village perched on the edge of the lake. The Creamery local historical society can tell you all about the "teasel" and the Lightning Class Sailboat. Watch for their Wooden Boat Show, Chamber Music Festival and Charles Dickens Christmas.

Numerous waterfalls and gorges dot the area. Some are visible directly from main roads, but impressive ones can also be viewed at Watkins Glen State Park, Taughannock Falls State Park, Robert H. Treman State Park and other locales, particularly between Cayuga and Seneca Lakes.

Do
Nestled among the glacial valleys of the Finger Lakes, only a few miles from Canandaigua lake, is a thriving regional hand crafts community: the Rochester Folk Art Guild. The guild has been producing fine art for over 35 years. It hosts a small crafts gallery; as well as the ceramics, woodworking, sewing and weaving workshops located there. 1445 Upper Hill Rd, Middlesex (New York), +1 585-554-5317.

Eat
Settled primarily by German and English immigrants, food in the Finger Lakes is focused on hearty meats and grains – standard American fare, really. But the culinary scene is also influenced by the extensive farmland in this region, so you'll find local products such as apples, sweet corn (maize), and maple syrup to be quite common (at farm markets if not on restaurant menus).

Apples, in particular, are a regional specialty, especially in Wayne County, which grows almost half of the state's apples and is third in the nation on a per-county basis. Lots of local farms offer "U-Pick" apple sales in the fall; even those that don't still see lots of visitors during harvest season, looking for the freshest apples, cider, and other farm goods.

As for restaurants, the variety and quality of meals continue to increase, particularly on the higher side of the price scale. Rochester and Geneva are the hot spots for fine dining, but there are gems throughout the region. If your tastes are less upscale, local eateries like diners, family restaurants, and bars-and-grills can still be found among the chain restaurants, though you may have to head to downtowns rather than commercial strips to find them. On the low end, traditional roadside and waterside burger joints (some of them seasonal) dot the region, along with the national fast-food chains.

Keep an eye out for restaurants on the water (be it a bay, a lake, a river, or the Erie Canal); sometimes they have boat docks right outside for hungry boaters to tie up.

Drink

There are almost hundred wineries dotting the hills surrounding the Finger Lakes. Their reputation grows each year, as travel writers and wine connoisseurs alike discover the area in ever-expanding numbers. Finger Lakes wineries use a wide variety of grapes, but the area's Rieslings turn out especially well; they can compete with the best of Germany's products.

Also not to be missed are the region's many ice wines. Made from grapes harvested while frozen, the local ice wines benefit from upstate New York's harsh winter weather.

If you're just starting out exploring the Finger Lakes wine area, an excellent first stop is in Canandaigua. Formerly the New York Wine and Culinary Center, New York Kitchen has an array of wine tastings and instructional programs, and also features other gastronomic delights from throughout Western New York.

The Cayuga Wine Trail has a flavorful and educational tour every spring featuring herbs and food at each wine tasting stop. The Seneca Wine Trail is the most active of the wine trails, boasting the biggest lake, most reputable wineries, and most activities.

Individual wineries vary in the number of amenities available. Most have tastings, of course, but many go beyond that; you'll find tours of the fields and bottling areas, gift shops, and sometimes cafes or restaurants.

One of the most award-winning of the individual wineries is in Hammondsport. Other popular wineries are in Hammondsport and  in Penn Yan.

Of course, if you can't get to the wineries themselves, countless restaurants throughout Western New York have local wines on their wine lists.

Sleep
Rochester and its suburbs have a full range of hotels from downtown high-rises to cheap motor inns to extended-stay suites. Ithaca, Auburn, Geneva, and Canandaigua also have a good variety of accommodations, including some historic properties. Outside the cities, you'll find a mix of sprawling luxury resort hotels, cozy beds & breakfasts, and basic roadside motels.

Stay safe
If traveling in this area during the winter months, be aware that heavy snowfalls are possible. Lake effect snow has been known to drop of snow in a weekend, or more. It is not unusual during heavy storms for it to come down at a rate of per hour.

Watch out for slow-moving Amish/Mennonite horsedrawn vehicles on rural roads.

When visiting state parks with trails to waterfalls or gorges, obey all posted signs. Do not swim or wade in creeks or plunge pools. Be aware that some trails require lengthy stair climbs that small children, elderly people or pets may not be able to handle (signs at parks will not always warn you of this).

title: Finger Lakes