text:
Russian Far East

The Far Eastern Federal District or Far Eastern Russia (Russian: Да́льный Восто́к Росси́и, DAHL'-nih vah-STOHK rah-SEE-ee) is the easternmost part of Russia or unofficial edge of the world, comprising a third of the country's land area, with 6.3 million inhabitants.

Federal subjects
Although traditionally considered part of Siberia, the Russian Far East is categorized separately from Siberia in Russian regional schemes, and today, the Siberian Federal District excludes the Russian Far East.

Federal subjects are either oblasts or krais (counties), or autonomous republics or okrugs, which typically have a significant non-Russian population.

Cities

 * — the region's administrative center
 * — the capital of Soviet Zion
 * — one of the oldest cities in the Russian Far East
 * — a big steel city on the Baikal-Amur Mainline
 * — in the heart of the Kolyma Gulag network
 * — gateway to nature lovers' paradise
 * — the largest city and the Russian terminus of the Trans-Siberian Railway
 * — quite possibly Earth's coldest city
 * — the Russian Far East's island capital

Other destinations

 * — a volcanic island renowned for the pure beauty of its perfect conical shape.
 * — some of the most stunning landscapes in the world, full of volcanoes, geysers, and lakes of acid.
 * — the terrifying Soviet gulag system of Siberia's coldest, remotest, and most hopeless mining region.
 * — the coldest place on earth outside Antarctica, in the heart of Yakutia.
 * — the region home to the famous Amur Tiger as well as an enormous meteorite crash site, and designated a UNESCO World Heritage site for its diverse ecosystems ranging from Siberian to subtropical.
 * — an Arctic island and UNESCO World Heritage site at the end of the earth, of dramatic mountainous tundra landscapes, biodiversity, walruses, grey whales, and the world's highest concentration of polar bear dens.

Understand
The Russian Far East is extraordinarily far from Russia's major population centers in Europe and is usually visited separately, unless by the Trans-Siberian Railway. The largest city in the region, Vladivostok, is a full seven time zones away from Moscow, with 9,300 km of railroad between them. The Far East is very different from popular conceptions of Russia—it is very mountainous and has an often spectacular Pacific coastline. The people indigenous to this region have more in common with those of northern China, Mongolia or the Inuit than with the Slavic Russians; however, they are now outnumbered by ethnic Russians, particularly in the larger cities.

If time and money are not constraints, the highlights of this massive region include the city of Vladivostok, the beautiful Kuril Islands, the otherworldly National Parks of Kamchatka, cruising along the coast of Chukotka, and big game hunting in the wildlife paradise of Yakutia.

Talk
Russian is the principal language and is spoken by nearly everyone, regardless of their first language. Korean is also widely spoken in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk by the Sakhalin Koreans. Chinese and Japanese are common foreign languages as students learn them in the nearby border regions. There are a good number of Tungusic and Chukotko-Kamchatkan languages spoken throughout the more northerly regions of the Far East.

English is rarely spoken or understood and is mostly known among students and business people. Other European languages are far less widespread than in Western Russia.

Get in
The principal transit hubs, with good sized international airports, are Khabarovsk, Vladivostok, and to a lesser extent Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. In general, you will either arrive by plane or the Trans-Siberian Railway. But it is also possible to arrive by boat from Alaska and Japan to destinations on the Russian Pacific coast.

Get around
Distances between cities and towns in the Russian Far East are huge, and most of the region is roadless. A combination of using the Trans-Siberian Railway, the Baikal-Amur Mainline, and for destinations off the rail system, domestic flights, reaches the majority, but not the entirety, of the region. In particular, Northeastern Russia is almost entirely without interregional transportation infrastructure and is off the Russian rail network—the one exception is the long, lonely, seasonal, and partially maintained country roads connecting Yakutsk to Magadan.

Kamchatka's road network is isolated from the rest of Russia; heading north from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky by road will only take you as far as Esso; road tracks passable by half-track vehicles in March extend as far as Palana; from Palana onwards, overland travel becomes wilderness adventure.

This lack of roads and rail network makes travel by sea along the coast a much more accessible option, with expedition cruising companies (such as Heritage Expedition) operating their own ice-strengthened polar research vessels on several trips from Sakhalin in the south to Kamchatka and Kamchatka north into the Russian Arctic including Wrangel and Herald Islands, famous for the density of polar bears.

By plane

 * Yakutia Airlines
 * Aeroflot
 * S7 Airlines

See
The Far East has some extraordinary natural attractions. The volcanoes of Kamchatka, the Lena Pillars, the central Sikhote-Alin and Wrangel Island are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. There are many sites for birdwatching, whale watching and Eurasian wildlife.

Itineraries

 * Kolyma Highway — ultimate adventure in Russian taiga, connecting Magadan with Yakutsk and featuring lots of abandoned towns

Do
The Russian Far East is a challenging destination for outdoor life and winter sport, with vast areas of wilderness.

Stay safe
Cold weather is a hazard, especially in Yakutia, which has the record low temperature for the northern hemisphere. There are also bears, including polar bears on the Arctic coast.

Go next
The Russian Far East borders Mongolia and China to the south, North Korea and Japan to the southeast, and Alaska to the northeast, and there is transport available to all of them from nearby regions in the Far East.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Russian Far East


text:
Russian phrasebook

Russian (русский) is a Slavic language spoken by 300+ million people world-wide. Most people living in Russia use it as a first language, and many people in Central Asia, the Caucasus, and Eastern Europe know it as a second language. It holds official status in the Russian Federation, Abkhazia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, South Ossetia, and the unrecognized Transnistria, Donetsk People's Republic and Luhansk People's Republic.

In countries lacking official designation for Russian, such as Ukraine, Georgia and the Baltic States (where schooling in Russian was mandatory under the Soviet regime), a solid majority of residents may speak it as a second language, and there are significant native-speaker minorities. However, due to its association with Soviet oppression, many residents in these countries may find it offensive to be addressed in Russian, and younger people will often prefer to speak English than Russian when communicating with foreigners.

Likewise, a similar dynamic exists in many of the formerly communist countries of Europe such as Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary, in which Russian was a compulsory second language in schools under communist rule.

Russian remains the lingua franca of choice throughout the former Soviet Central Asian states, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Moldova, where it is effectively the language of commerce, government, and travel (despite lacking official status).

It is, to a lesser extent, an important language in Mongolia, where it is a compulsory second language in schools, and is the most widely spoken foreign language. Russian has also become the third most widely spoken language in Israel, owing to a massive exodus of Jews from Russia and other ex-Soviet countries in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.

Russian was a compulsory second language in schools in the formerly communist central and eastern European countries, and may be spoken by older people who were schooled during the communist era. However, it has largely been supplanted by English since the fall of the iron curtain, and younger people are in general far more likely to speak English than Russian.

Russian remains perhaps the most important Eurasian travel language because English is very rarely spoken throughout the Russophone countries.

Pronunciation guide

Consonants and vowels in Russian (and Slavic generally) are soft (palatalized) or hard. Consonants are pronounced soft if followed by a soft vowel or the soft sign, else hard. Some consonants are always soft or always hard, regardless of the following vowel.

One important note: the cursive Russian alphabet looks very different from the printed alphabet. The printed alphabet is rarely used when writing by hand. (The same goes with other Cyrillic-written languages.) On the upside, though, as a traveler, you are quite unlikely to have to read much handwritten Russian!

Vowels

 * a ah : like father
 * e yeh : like yesterday
 * ё yoh : like yore
 * и ee : like seen or machine
 * o oh : like score
 * у oo : like cartoon
 * ы yh : like roses
 * э eh : like end
 * ю yoo : like Yugoslavia
 * я yah : like yacht

Russian, like English, has something called vowel reduction, where the vowels take on different sounds if they are not in the stressed syllable of the word. The exact nature of this depends on the part of Russia one is located in, but generally (and abroad): However, when traveling, you generally don't need to worry about reduction. Pronouncing all vowels as if they were stressed will seem like over-enunciation to a native speaker, but you'll be perfectly understood.
 * The letters е, ю, and я sound like their counterparts э, у, and а
 * The letter о sounds like the letter а when in the syllable before the stressed syllable, or like a schwa otherwise (eg. the e in English chicken)
 * The letter а sounds like the English hut
 * The letter у sounds like the English book
 * All other vowels tend to make the sound of English ill

Unfortunately, ё is very often written as е, which can cause problems for non-native speakers, since pronouncing one over the other can change the meaning of a word. Fortunately, books oriented toward beginners (like dictionaries, grammar books, literature for foreigners, etc.) always include the dots.

Consonants

 * б beh : like boy
 * в veh : like very
 * г geh : like go ; in genitive (possessive) endings ого/его pronounced like в. E.g., "Dostoevsky's" = Достоевского (duh-stah-YEHV-skuh-vuh)
 * д deh : like do
 * ж zheh : like measure
 * з zeh : like zoo
 * й ee kratkoe ("short и") : like boy
 * к kah : like keep
 * л ell : like feel
 * м em : like seem
 * н en : like noodle
 * п peh : like spigot
 * р err : heavily rolled as in Spanish rr in perro
 * с ess : like seem
 * т teh : like stop
 * ф eff : like French
 * х khah : like Chanukkah, Scottish loch, or German Bach
 * ц tseh : like boots
 * ч cheh : like cheap
 * ш sheh : like shot
 * щ scheh : ш, but harsher . Don't worry about this too much, as you'll be understood in context. (Note that though щ is often transliterated as shch, it is not pronounced similar to "harsh choice"—there is no ch sound in this Russian consonant)

The letter sequence сч sounds like щ, and not like English question.

Be careful of letters such as В, Н, or Р which resemble a Latin letter but represent a different sound; they can be especially confusing for beginners.

When consonants are soft (they are either always soft, followed by a soft vowel, or have a soft sign), they become palatalized. See the soft sign below for more details.

Signs
In the Middle Ages, these two characters (known as the yer) used to represent reduced vowels (pronounced like the unstressed vowels above), but now they merely indicate whether the preceding consonant is palatalized ("soft") or not ("hard").

 * ъ ’’ : the hard sign (very rarely used since 1918) - used to indicate that the preceding consonant is not palatalized (in a position where it otherwise would be). It is mostly used after prefixes v- ("in") and s- ("out"). For example:
 * съёмка (s-yom-kah) - making a film
 * Сёмка (syom-kah) - familiar form for Simon
 * въезд (v-yezd) - vehicular entrance (not vyezd).

This means that the consonant is pronounced while sticking the tip of your tongue behind your lower front teeth while raising the middle of your tongue to your palate. You don't really need to worry about this - while there are pairs of words that differ only by palatalization (some examples follow), it can be very difficult for beginners and probably not worth the effort. If you are planning on being in a situation where you will be speaking Russian for a long period of time, it may be wise to practice this. As mentioned, palatalization also occurs before soft vowels.
 * ь ’ : the soft sign - used to indicate that the preceding consonant is palatalized (in a position where it otherwise would not be)
 * полька (POL'-kah) - a female Polish person (also, the dance)
 * полка (POL-kah) - a shelf
 * уголь (OO-gol') - coal
 * угол (OO-gol) - corner
 * каньон (ka-NYON) - canyon
 * канон (ka-NON) - canon
 * кров (KROHF) - roof, shelter
 * кровь (KROHF') - blood

Stress
Although Russian is pronounced as it is spelled, stress is very unpredictable and stressing the wrong syllable can lead to misinterpretation; for that reason, almost every textbook and dictionary concerning the Russian language will put an accent mark (´) on the stressed syllable. It is, however, usually omitted in normal writing, so you will need to memorise the stressed syllable for each individual Russian word.

Grammar
Unless you intend to seriously study the language, learning Russian grammar on your trip is not realistic. But it can help to at least recognize that the following verb conjugations and noun/adjective declensions are used.

 * Russian nouns belong to one of three genders: masculine, feminine and neuter. However, like most other European languages but unlike English, inanimate objects are often assigned a gender other than neuter.

 * The second person pronoun вы is the plural of ты and is also used, as in French, for polite address to one person.

 * Russian verbs and verb conjugation differ along three axes:

 * 1) Verbs come in perfective and imperfective pairs (e.g., думать | подумать). Imperfective verbs indicate ongoing or uncompleted action; Perfective verbs indicated one-off or completed action. Conjugated perfective verbs are also used to indicated the future tense (future imperfective requires conjugation of the verb to be (быть) + imperfective infinitive). As a general rule (but only a very general rule), perfective verb forms are created by adding a prefix to the relevant imperfective verb.

 * 2) Verbs follow a simple pattern of temporal conjugation: past, present, and future, (e.g., подумал | думаю | подумаю). In the past tense, verbs also conjugate by gender, male, female, and neuter (e.g., подумал | подумала | подумало).

 * 3) In the present and future tenses, pronouns can be and are often omitted due to context; however, the same is hardly said in the past tense, as the latter changes according to gender (masculine, feminine and neutral) and number (singular and plural). (Example at right)

 * Nouns and adjectives  have six cases, depending on their general grammatical role in a sentence:

 * {| class="wikitable"

! style="background: #cedff2; color: #000000" height="17" | Case ! style="background: #cedff2; color:#000000;" | Nominative ! style="background: #cedff2; color:#000000;" | Accusative ! style="background: #cedff2; color:#000000;" | Genitive ! style="background: #cedff2; color:#000000;" | Dative ! style="background: #cedff2; color:#000000;" | Prepositional ! style="background: #cedff2; color:#000000;" | Instrumental ! style="background: #cedff2; color:#000000;" | Use ! style="background: #cedff2; color:#000000;" height="16;" | Example ! style="background: #cedff2; color:#000000;" height="16;" | Translation
 * style="background: #faf5ff; color: black;" | Subject of sentence
 * style="background: #faf5ff; color: black;" | Direct object
 * style="background: #faf5ff; color: black;" | Possessive (of)
 * style="background: #faf5ff; color: black;" | Indirect object (to/for)
 * style="background: #faf5ff; color: black;" | Location (at)
 * style="background: #faf5ff; color: black;" | Instrumental (by/with)
 * style="background: #faf5ff; color: black;" | Город красив
 * style="background: #faf5ff; color: black;" | Я читал книгу
 * style="background: #faf5ff; color: black;" | Центр города
 * style="background: #faf5ff; color: black;" | Я дал ему еду
 * style="background: #faf5ff; color: black;" | Музей в городе
 * style="background: #faf5ff; color: black;" | Я шёл с ним
 * style="background: #faf5ff; color: black;" | The city is pretty
 * style="background: #faf5ff; color: black;" | I read the book
 * style="background: #faf5ff; color: black;" | Center of the city
 * style="background: #faf5ff; color: black;" | I gave him food
 * style="background: #faf5ff; color: black;" | A museum in the city
 * style="background: #faf5ff; color: black;" | I walked with him
 * }

Phrase list
See Pseudo-phoneticization guide for guidance on the phoneticizations below

Basics

 * Hello. (formal):Здравствуйте. (ZDRAHST-vooy-tyeh) (The first в is silent; sometimes considered bad luck to say this to the same person twice in one day.) [[File:Ru-здравствуйте.ogg]]
 * Hello. (informal):Здравствуй. (ZDRAHST-vooy) [[File:Ru-здравствуй.ogg]]
 * Hi.:Привет. (pree-VYEHT) [[File:Ru-привет.ogg]], Здорово. (Zduh-ROH-vuh) (Shorter version of the above greeting.)
 * How are you?: Как дела? (kahg dee-LAH?)
 * Fine, thank you.: Хорошо, спасибо. (khah-rah-SHOH spah-SEE-buh)
 * What is your name?: Как Вас зовут? (kahk vahs zah-VOOT?)
 * My name is ______ .: Меня зовут ______ . (mee-NYAH zah-VOOT ___)
 * Nice to meet you.: Очень приятно. (OH-cheen' pree-YAHT-nuh)
 * Please.:Пожалуйста. (pah-ZHAH-luh-stuh) [[File:Ru-пожалуйста.ogg]]
 * Thank you.:Спасибо. (spuh-SEE-buh) [[File:Ru-спасибо.ogg]]
 * You're welcome.:Не за что. (NYEH-zuh-shtoh) (Literally "It's nothing", can use "Пожалуйста" again) [[File:Ru-не за что.ogg]]
 * Yes.:Да. (dah) [[File:Ru-да.ogg]]
 * No.:Нет. (nyeht) [[File:Ru-нет.ogg]]
 * Excuse me. (getting attention):Извините. (eez-vee-NEET-yeh) [[File:Ru-извините.ogg]]
 * Excuse me. (begging pardon): Простите. (prah-STEET-yeh)
 * I'm sorry.: Простите. (prah-STEET-yeh)
 * Goodbye:До свидания. (duh svee-DAH-nyah.) [[File:Ru-до свидания.ogg]]
 * Goodbye (informal):Пока. (pah-KAH) [[File:Ru-пока.ogg]]
 * I can't speak Russian [well].: Я не говорю по-русски (хорошо). (yah nee guh-vah-RYOO pah ROO-skee [khah-rah-SHOH])
 * Do you speak English?: Вы говорите по-английски? (vyh guh-vah-REE-tyeh pah ahn-GLEES-kee?)
 * Is there someone here who speaks English?: Кто-нибудь здесь говорит по-английски? (KTOH-nee-bood' zdyehs guh-vah-REET pah an-GLEES-kee?)
 * Help!: Помогите! (puh-mah-GEE-tyeh!)
 * Look out!: Осторожно!! (uhs-tah-ROH-zhnuh!)
 * Good morning.: Доброе утро. (DOH-bruh-yeh OO-truh)
 * Good evening.:Добрый вечер. (DOH-bryh VYEH-chuhr) [[File:Ru-добрый вечер.ogg]]
 * Good night (to sleep): Спокойной ночи! (spah-KOY-nuy NOH-chee)
 * I don't understand.: Я не понимаю. (yah nee puh-nee-MIGH-yoo)
 * I don't know.: Я не знаю. (yah nee ZNAH-yoo)
 * I can't.: Я не могу. (yah nee mah-GOO)
 * Where is the toilet?: Где туалет? (gdyeh too-ah-LYEHT?)
 * Good:Хороший (khah-ROH-shee) [[File:Ru-хороший.ogg]]
 * Bad:Плохой (plah-KHOY) [[File:Ru-плохой.ogg]]
 * Big:Большой (bahl'-SHOY) [[File:Ru-большой.ogg]]
 * Small:Маленький (MAH-leen-kee) [[File:Ru-маленький.ogg]]
 * Hot:Горячий (gahr-YAH-chee) [[File:Ru-горячий.ogg]]
 * Cold:Холодный (khah-LOHD-nyh) [[File:Ru-холодный.ogg]]
 * Fast:Быстро (BYH-struh) [[File:Ru-быстро.ogg]]
 * Slow:Медленно (MYEHD-lee-nuh) [[File:Ru-медленно.ogg]]
 * Expensive:Дорогой (duh-rah-GOY) [[File:Ru-дорогой.ogg]]
 * Cheap:Дешёвый (dyee-SHYOH-vyh) [[File:Ru-дешёвый.ogg]]
 * Rich:Богатый (bah-GAH-tyh) [[File:Ru-богатый.ogg]]
 * Poor:Бедный (BYEHD-nyh) [[File:Ru-бедный.ogg]]

Problems
In the examples below, the extra suffix (а) is for the feminine gender:
 * Leave me alone. : Отстань. (aht-STAHN’!)
 * Don't touch me! : Не трогай меня! (nee-TROH-guy mee-NYAH!)
 * I'll call the police! : Я вызову полицию! (yah VYH-zah-voo poh-LEE-tsyh-yoo!)
 * Police!: Полиция! (poh-LEE-tsyh-yah!)
 * Stop! Thief! : Держите вора! (deer-ZHEE-tyeh VOH-rah!)
 * I need your help. : Мне нужна ваша помощь. (mnyeh noozh-NAH VAH-shah POH-muhsh)
 * It's an emergency. : Это срочно!. (EH-tuh SROHCH-nuh)
 * I'm lost. : Я заблудился/заблудилась - (m/f). (yah zah-bloo-DEEL-suh / zah-bloo-DEE-luhs’)
 * I lost my bag. : Я потерял(а) свою сумку. (yah puh-teer-YAHL(-ah) svah-YOOH SOOM-kooh)
 * I lost my wallet. : Я потерял(а) свой бумажник. (yah puh-teer-YAHL(-ah) svoy boo-MAHZH-neek)
 * My things have been stolen. : Меня обокрали. (me-NYAH oh-buh-KRAH-lee)
 * I'm sick. : Я болен (m.) / Я больна (f.) (yah-BOH-leen (masculine) / yah-bahl’-NAH (feminine))
 * I've been injured. : Я ранен(а) (yah RAH-neen(-ah))
 * I've been bitten by a dog. : Меня укусила собака (me-NYAH oo-koo-SEE-lah suh-BAH-kuh)
 * I need a doctor. : Мне нужен врач. (mnyeh NOO-zhyhn vrahch)
 * Please call an ambulance. : Пожалуйста, вызовите Скорую помощь. (Puh-ZHAH-looy-stuh VYH-zaw-vee-teh SKAW-roo-yoo PAW-mushch)
 * Can I use your phone? : Можно от вас позвонить? (MOH-zhnuh aht vahs puhz-vah-NEET’?)
 * (this can be used only for stationary phone, not for mobile. Asking a mobile phone from unknown person is generally not polite, as this is commonly done by con artists. In some cases a person may allow you to make a call from his cell phone to another cell phone number in the same province, but not to a landline phone number or to a non-local cell phone number.)

Numbers
Russian nouns have a dual form, used with 2, 3, and 4, as well as singular and plural. Singular quantities and any quantities that end in 1 (21, 301, etc.) use the nominative singular: одна минута, двадцать один час. Quantities 2–4 use the genitive singular: две минуты, три минуты, четыре минуты. Quantities greater than four use the genitive plural: пять минут, одиннадцать минут, тринадцать минут, etc.

 * 0 :ноль/нуль (nohl’/nool’)
 * 1 :один (ah-DEEN) m, одна (ahd-NAH) f, одно (ahd-NOH) n (one can say раз (raz) when counting something)
 * 2 : два (dvah) mn, две (dvyeh) f
 * 3 : три (tree)
 * 4 : четыре (chee-TYH-ree)
 * 5 : пять (pyaht’)
 * 6 : шесть (shehst’)
 * 7 : семь (syeem’)
 * 8 : восемь (VOH-seem’)
 * 9 : девять (DYEH-veet’)
 * 10 : десять (DYEH-suht’)
 * 11 : одиннадцать (ah-DEEN-nuhd-zuht’)
 * 12 : двенадцать (dvee-NAHD-zuht’)
 * 13 : тринадцать (tree-NAHD-zuht’)
 * 14 : четырнадцать (chee-TYHR-nuhd-zuht’)
 * 15 : пятнадцать (peet-NAHD-zuht’)
 * 16 : шестнадцать (shyhst-NAHD-zuht’)
 * 17 : семнадцать (seem-NAHD-zuht’)
 * 18 : восемнадцать (vuh-seem-NAHD-zuht’)
 * 19 : девятнадцать (dee-veet-NAHD-zuht’)
 * 20 : двадцать (DVAHD-zuht’)
 * 21 : двадцать один (DVAHD-zuht’ ah-DEEN)
 * 22 : двадцать два (DVAHD-zuht’ dvah)
 * 23 : двадцать три (DVAHD-zuht’ tree)
 * 30 : тридцать (TREED-zuht’)
 * 40 : сорок (SOH-ruhk)
 * 50 : пятьдесят (pee-dee-SYAHT)
 * 60 : шестьдесят (shyhs-dee-SYAHT)
 * 70 : семьдесят (SYEM’-dee-syet)
 * 80 : восемьдесят (VOH-seem-deeh-syet’)
 * 90 : девяносто (dee-vee-NOH-stuh)
 * 100 : сто (stoh)
 * 150 : полтораста (puhl-tuh-RAHS-tuh)
 * 200 : двести (DVYEH-stee)
 * 300 : триста (TREE-stuh)
 * 400 : четыреста (chee-TYHR-ee-stuh)
 * 500 : пятьсот(peet-SOHT)
 * 1000 : тысяча (TYH-see-chuh)
 * 2000 : две тысячи (dvyeh TYH-see-chee)
 * 5000 : пять тысяч (pyaht’ TYH-seech)
 * 1,000,000 : миллион (mee-lee-OHN)
 * 1,000,000,000 : миллиард (mee-lee-ART)
 * 1,000,000,000,000 : триллион (tree-lee-OHN)
 * Number _____ (train, bus, etc.) : номер _____ (NOH-meer)
 * half : половина (puh-lah-VEE-nuh)
 * less : меньше (MYEHN’-sheh)
 * more : больше (BOHL’-sheh)

Time

 * now : сейчас (see-CHAHS)
 * later : позже (POH-zhuh)
 * earlier : раньше (RAHN’-shyeh)
 * morning : утро (OOH-truh)
 * afternoon : день (dyehn’) (literally 'day')
 * evening : вечер (VYEH-chuhr)
 * night : ночь (nohch)

Clock time

 * What time is it? (formal) : Не подскажете, который час? (nyee pahd-SKAH-zhy-tyee kah-TOHR-yh chahs)
 * What time is it? (informal) : Который сейчас час? (kah-TOHR-yh see-CHAHS chahs)
 * one o'clock : час (chahs)
 * two o'clock : два часа (dvah chuh-SAH)
 * three o'clock : три часа (TREE chuh-SAH)
 * four o'clock : четыре часа (chee-TYHR-ree chuh-SA)
 * five o'clock : пять часов (pyaht’ chuh-SOHV)
 * six o'clock : шесть часов (shest’ chuh-SOHV)
 * seven o'clock : семь часов (syem’ chuh-SOHV)
 * eight o'clock : восемь часов (VOH-seem’ chuh-SOHV)
 * nine o'clock : девять часов (DYEH-veet’ chuh-SOHV)
 * ten o'clock : десять часов (DYEH-syuht’ chuh-SOV)
 * eleven o'clock : одинадцать часов (ah-DEEN-nad-zut’ chuh-SOV)
 * twelve o'clock : двенадцать часов (dvee-NAHD-zut’ chuh-SOV)
 * noon : полдень (POHL-dyehn’)
 * midnight : полночь (POHL-nohch)
 * half an hour : полчаса (pohl-chuh-SAH)

Russians do not use A.M. and P.M. Instead they divide the day up roughly as follows:
 * morning : утро (OOH-truh) (4 a.m. to 11 a.m.)
 * afternoon : день (dyehn’) (11 a.m. to 5 p.m.)
 * evening : вечер (VYEH-chuhr) (5 p.m. to 11 p.m.)
 * night : ночь (nohch) (11 p.m. to 4 a.m.)

For example:
 * 9 a.m. : девять часов утра (DYEH-veet’ chuh-SOHV ooh-TRAH)
 * 8 p.m. : восемь часов вечера (VOH-seem’ chuh-SOHV VYEH-che-ruh)

Duration
''Note: Russian uses different endings depending on the quantity. The first is for quantities ending in one (e.g. 1, 21, 31), the second for quantities ending in 2–4 (e.g. 2, 3, 4, 22, 23, 24), and the third for quantities ending in 5–9 and zero, including the teens (e.g. 5, 10, 12, 20, 25).''

 * _____ minute : _____ минута/минуты/минут (mee-NOOT-ah / mee-NOOT-yh / mee-NOOT)
 * _____ hour(s) : _____ час/часа/часов (chahs / chuh-SAH / chuh-SOHF)
 * _____ day(s) : _____ день/дня/дней (dyehn’ / dnyah / dnyay)
 * _____ week(s) : _____ неделя/недели/недель (nee-DYEHL-yuh / nee-DYEHL-yee / nee-DYEHL’)
 * _____ month(s) : _____ месяц/месяца/месяцев (MYEH-seets / MYEH-seets-ah / MYEH-seets-ohf)
 * _____ year(s) : _____ год/года/лет (goht / GOH-duh / lyeht) (лет also means "summers")

Days

 * today : сегодня (see-VOHD-nyuh)
 * yesterday : вчера (fcheeh-RAH)
 * tomorrow : завтра (ZAHF-truh)
 * this week : на этой неделе (nah EH-tuy nee-DYEHL-yee)
 * last week : на прошлой неделе (nah PROSH-luy nee-DYEHL-yee)
 * next week : на следующей неделе (nah SLYED-oo-yoo-shee nee-DYEHL-yeh)

Note: A Russian week starts on Monday and ends on Sunday.
 * Monday : понедельник (puh-nee-DYEHL’-neek)
 * Tuesday : вторник (VTOHR-neek)
 * Wednesday : среда (sree-DAH)
 * Thursday : четверг (cheet-VYEHRK)
 * Friday : пятница (PYAHT-nee-tsuh)
 * Saturday : суббота (soo-BOHT-uh)
 * Sunday : воскресенье (vuhs-kree-SYEHN’-yuh)

 * work day : будний день, рабочий день; work days (Monday—Friday) : будни, рабочие дни
 * rest days: выходные

Months

 * January : январь (yeen-VAHR’)
 * February : февраль (feev-RAHL’)
 * March : март (mahrt)
 * April : апрель (ahp-RYEHL’)
 * May : май (migh)
 * June : июнь (ee-YOON’)
 * July : июль (ee-YOOL’)
 * August : август (AHV-goost)
 * September : сентябрь (seen-TYABR’)
 * October : октябрь (ahk-TYABR’)
 * November : ноябрь (nah-YABR’)
 * December : декабрь (dee-KAHBR’)

Writing time and date
Dates are written as day.month.year (where day, month and year are numbers) or as day month year (where day and year are numbers and month is written in the genitive). E.g., May 24, 2009 should be writed as 24.05.2009 or as 24 мая 2009 года. Times always use the 24-hour format, e.g., 5:20PM should be written as 17:20.

Colors

 * black : чёрный (CHOHR-nyh)
 * white : белый (BYEH-lyh)
 * gray : серый (SYEH-ryh)
 * red : красный (KRAHS-nyh)
 * blue (dark-blue or navy): синий (SEE-nyh)
 * blue (light-blue or cyan) : голубой (guh-loo-BOY) - use carefully; in Russian slang, this also means "homosexual"!
 * yellow : жёлтый (ZHOL-tyh)
 * green : зелёный (zee-LYOH-nyh)
 * orange : оранжевый (ah-RAHN-zhee-vy)
 * purple : фиолетовый (fee-ah-LYET-uh-vyh)
 * brown : коричневый (kah-REECH-nee-vyh)
 * pink : розовый (ROH-zuh-vyh)

Bus and train

 * How much is a ticket to _____? : Сколько стоит билет в _____? (SKOL’-kuh STOH-eet bee-LYEHT v _____?)
 * One ticket to _____, please. : Один билет в _____, пожалуйста. (ah-DEEN bee-LYEHT v_____ puh-ZHAH-luh-stuh)
 * Where does this train/bus go? :Куда едет этот поезд/автобус? (koo-DAH YEH-diht EH-tuht POH-eest / ahf-TOH-boos?)
 * Where is the train/bus to _____? : Где поезд/автобус до_____? (gdyeh POH-eest / ahf-TOH-boos duh _____)
 * Does this train/bus stop in _____? : Этот поезд/автобус останавливается в _____? (EH-tuht POH-eest / ahf-TOH-boos uhs-tuh-NAHV-lee-vuh-eet-suh v _____?)
 * When does the train/bus for _____ leave? : Когда отходит поезд/автобус в _____ ? (kahg-DAH aht-KHOH-deet POH-eest / ahf-TOH-boos v _____?)
 * When will this train/bus arrive in _____? : Во сколько этот поезд/автобус приходит в_____? (vah SKOHL’-kuh EH-tuht POH-eest / ahf-TOH-boos pree-KHOH-deet v _____?)
 * Are you getting off (at the next stop)? : Вы выходите (на следующей остановке)? (vyh vyh-HOH-dee-tye (nah SLYE-doosh-chey ah-stah-NOHF-kye) ?) — this phrase is commonly said in public transport to a person in front of you if you need to get off a bus and it is difficult to get to the doors because many people stand near them. If a person who was told this phrase is going to get off a bus, he says Да, выхожу (dah vyh-hah-ZHOO) — Yes, I'm getting off. And you just go out after him. If he says Нет, не выхожу (nyet nye vyh-hah-ZHOO) — No, I'm not getting off, you should say Разрешите пройти (rahz-ree-SHEE-tye prah-y-TEE) — May I go through, the person will let you go out.

Directions
e.g.:
 * Where : где (gdyeh)
 * Here : здесь (zdyehs)
 * There : там (tahm)
 * To where : куда (koo-DAH)
 * To here : сюда (syoo-DAH)
 * To there : туда (too-DAH)
 * How do I get to _____ ? : Как добраться до_____ ? (kahk dah-BRAH-tsuh duh ___?)
 * ...the train station? : ...вокзала? (vahg-ZAH-luh)
 * ...the bus station? : ...автовокзала? (ahf-tuh-vahg-ZAH-luh)
 * ...the airport? : ...аэропорта? (ah-ehr-ah-POHR-tuh)
 * ...the Metro (subway) : ...метро (mee-TROH)
 * ...downtown? : ...центра? (TSEHN-truh)
 * ...the youth hostel? : ...молодёжного общежития? (muh-lah-DYOH-zhnuh-vuh ahp-shee-ZHYH-tee-yuh)
 * ...the _____ hotel? : ...гостиницы ______? (gahs-TEE-nee-tsyh)
 * ...the Mosfilm hotel? : ...гостиницы Мосфильм? (gahs-TEE-nee-tsyh MOHS-feel’m)
 * ...the American/Canadian/Australian/British consulate? : ...американского/канадского/австралийского/английского консульства? (uh-mee-ree-KAHNS-kuh-vuh / kuh-NAHTS-kuh-vuh / uhfs-truh-LEES-kuh-vuh / ahng-LEES-kuh-vuh KOHN-sool’-stvuh)
 * Where are there a lot of... : Где есть много... (gdyeh yehst’ MNOH-guh)
 * ...hotels? : ...гостиниц? (gahs-TEE-neets?)
 * ...restaurants? : ...ресторанов? (rees-tah-RAHN-uhf?)
 * ...bars? : ...баров? (BAHR-uhf)
 * ...sites to see? : ...достопримечательностей? (duhs-tuh-pree-mee-CHAH-teel’-nuhs-tyay)
 * Where is a good, cheap... : Где хороший дешёвый... (gdyeh khah-ROH-shyh dee-SHYOH-vyh)
 * ...restaurant? : ресторан? (ree-stah-RAHN)
 * ...bar? : бар? (bahr)
 * Please can you show me on the map? : Пожалуйста Вы можете показать на карте? (puh-ZHAH-luh-stuh vyh MOH-zhyh-tee puh-kuh-ZAHT’ nuh KAHR-tyeh)
 * Is it far? : Далеко? (dah-lee-KOH)
 * street : улица (OO-lee-tsuh)
 * Turn left. : Поверните налево. (puh-veer-NEE-tyeh nuh-LYEH-vuh)
 * Turn right. : Поверните направо. (puh-veer-NEE-tyeh nuh-PRAH-vuh)
 * left : налево (nuh-LYEH-vuh)
 * right : направо (nuh-PRAH-vuh...)
 * straight ahead : прямо (PRYAH-muh)
 * towards the _____ : к _____ (k)
 * past the _____ : мимо _____ (MEEH-mah)
 * before the _____ : перед _____ (PYEH-reet)
 * Watch for the _____. : Ищите _____. (ee-SHEE-tyeh)
 * intersection : перекрёсток (pee-ree-KRYOH-stuhk)
 * north : север (SYEH-veer)
 * south : юг (yook)
 * east : восток (vahs-TOHK)
 * west : запад (ZAH-puht)
 * uphill : вверх (VVYEHR-kh)
 * downhill : вниз (vnees)

Taxi

 * Taxi! : Такси! (Tahk-SEE!)
 * Take me to _____, please. : Довезите меня до _____, пожалуйста. (duh-vee-ZEE-tyeh mee-NYAH duh _____, puh-ZHAH-luh-stuh.)
 * How much does it cost to get to _____? : Сколько стоит доехать до ______? (SKOHL’-kuh STOH-eet dah-YEH-khut’ duh ____?)
 * Take me there, please. : Довезите меня туда, пожалуйста. (duh-vee-ZEE-tyeh meenyah too-DAH, puh-ZHAH-luh-stuh.)
 * [Please] stop here. : Остановите здесь[, пожалуйста]. (us-tuh-naw-VEE-tyeh zdes[, puh-ZHAH-luh-stuh].)

Lodging

 * Do you have any rooms available? : У вас есть свободные комнаты? (oo vash YEHST’ svah-BOD-nyh-yeh KOHM-nuh-tyh)
 * How much is a room for one person/two people? : Сколько стоит комната на одного человека/двух человек? (SKOHL’-kuh STOH-eet KOM-nuh-tuh nah uhd-nah-VOH chee-lah-VYEH-kuh / dvookh chee-lah-VYEHK )
 * Does the room come with... : В этой комнате есть... (VEH-tuy KOHM-nuh-tyeh yest’...)
 * ...bedsheets? : ...простыни? (...PROHS-tee-nee)
 * ...a bathroom? : ...ванная? (...VAHN-nah-yuh)
 * ...a telephone? : ...телефон? (...tee-lee-FOHN)
 * ...a TV? : ...телевизор? (...tee-lee-VEE-zuhr)
 * ...a refrigerator? : ...холодильник ? (...ho-luh-DIL-nik)
 * ...electric kettle? : ...электрический чайник ? (...eh-lek-TREE-ches-kee CHI-nik)
 * May I see the room first? : Могу я сначала посмотреть комнату? (mah-GOOH yah znuh-CHAH-luh puhs-mah-TRYEHT’ KOHM-nah-too)
 * Do you have anything quieter? : У вас есть что-нибудь потише? (oo vah yehst’ CHTOH-nee-boot’ pah-TEE-shyh?)
 * ...bigger? : ...побольше? (pah-BOHL’-shyh)
 * ...cleaner? : ...почище? (pah-CHEE-sheh)
 * ...cheaper? : ...подешевле? (puh-dee-SHEHV-lyeh)
 * OK, I'll take it. : Хорошо, я беру. (khah-rah-SHOH yah bee-ROO)
 * I will stay for _____ night(s). : Я останусь на _____ ночь (ночи/ночей). (yah ahs-TAH-noos’ nah _____ nohch’ (NOH-chee/nah-CHYAY)
 * Can you suggest another hotel? : Вы можете предложить другую гостиницу? (vy MOH-zhee-te pred-la-ZHYHT’ droo-GOO-yoo gahs-TEE-nee-tsoo)
 * Do you have a safe? : У вас есть сейф? (oo vahs yest’ syayf)
 * ...lockers? : ...индивидуальные сейфы? (een-dee-vee-doo-AHL’-nyh-yeh SYAY-fee)
 * Is breakfast/supper included? : Завтрак/ужин включен? (ZAHF-truhk / OO-zhyhn fklyoo-CHON)
 * What time is breakfast/supper? : Во сколько завтрак/ужин? (vuh SKOHL’-kuh ZAH-ftruhk / OO-zhyhn)
 * Please clean my room. : Уберите в моей комнате, пожалуйста. (oo-bee-REE-tyeh vmah-YAY KOHM-nuh-tyeh, puh-ZHAH-luh-stuh)
 * Can you wake me at _____? : Не могли бы вы разбудить меня в _____? (nee mah-GLEE byh vyh rahz-boo-DEET’ mee-NYAH v _____? )
 * You have a bedbug infestation here. : У вас водятся клопы. (oo VAS VAWD-yats-ya klaw-PYH)
 * I want to check out. : Дайте счёт. (DIGH-tyeh shyoht)

Money

 * Do you accept American/Australian/Canadian dollars? : Вы принимаете американские/австралийские/канадские доллары? (vyh pree-nee-MAH-ee-tyeh uh-mee-ree-KAHN-skee-yeh / uhv-struh-LEE-skee-yeh / kuh-NAHD-skee-yeh DOH-luhr-yh)
 * Do you accept British pounds? : Вы принимаете английские фунты? (vyh pree-nee-MAH-ee-tyeh ahn-GLEE-skee-yeh FOON-tyh)
 * Do you accept euro? : Вы принимаете евро? (vyh pree-nee-MAH-ee-tyeh YEV-ruh)
 * Do you accept credit cards? : Вы принимаете кредитные карты? (vyh pree-nee-MAH-ee-tyeh kree-DEET-nyh-yeh KAHR-tyh)
 * Can you change money for me? : Не могли бы вы обменять мне деньги? (nyeh mah-GLEE byh vyh uhb-meen-YAHT’ mnyeh DYEHN’-gee)
 * Where can I get money changed? : Где я могу обменять деньги? (gdyeh yah mah-GOO uhb-meen-YAHT’ DYEHN’-gee)
 * Can you change a traveler's check for me? : Вы можете обменять мне дорожный чек? (vyh MOH-zhyh-tyeh uhb-meen-YAHT’ mnyeh dah-ROHZH-nyh chyehk)
 * Where can I get a traveler's check changed? : Где я могу обменять дорожный чек? (gdyeh yah mah-GOO uhb-meen-YAHT’ dah-ROHZH-nyh chyehk)
 * What is the exchange rate? : Какой курс обмена? (kah-KOY koors ahb-MYEHN-uh)
 * Where is an automatic teller machine (ATM)? : Где здесь банкомат? (gdyeh zdyes’ bahn-kuh-MAHT)

Eating

 * A table for one person/two people, please. : Столик на одного человека/двух человек, пожалуйста. (STOH-leek nah uhd-nah-VOH chee-lah-VYEH-kah/dvookh chee-lah-VYEHK)
 * Can I look at the menu, please? : Могу я посмотреть меню? (mah-GOO yah puhs-mah-TRYEHT’ meen-YOO'')
 * Can I look in the kitchen? : Я могу посмотреть на кухню? (yah mah-GOO puh-smah-TRYEHT’ nah KOOKH-nee-yoo)
 * Is there a house specialty? : Какое у вас фирменное блюдо? (kah-KOY-yeh oo vahs feer-MYEHN-noy-yeh BLYOO-duh)
 * Is there a local specialty? : Какое у вас местное фирменное блюдо? (kah-KOY-yeh oo vahs myehst-NOY-yeh feer-MYEHN-noy-yeh BLYOO-duh)
 * I'm a vegetarian. : Я вегетарианец/вегетарианка. (yah vee-gee-tuh-ree-YAHN-eets/vee-gee-tuh-ree-YAHN-kah)
 * I don't eat pork. : Я не ем свинину. (yah nee yehm svee-NEEN-oo)
 * I don't eat beef. : Я не ем говядину. (yah nee yehm gahv-YAH-deen-oo)
 * I only eat kosher food. : Я принимаю только кошерную пищу. (yah pree-nee-MAH-yoo TOHL’-kuh kah-SHERH-noo-yoo PEE-shoo.)
 * Can you make it "lite", please? (less oil/butter/lard) : Сделайте, пожалуйста, поменьше жира. (SDYEH-ligh-tyeh, puh-zhahl-uh-stuh, pah-MYEHN'-shyh zhyh-RAH)
 * fixed-price meal : комплексный обед (KOHM-plyehks-nyh ah-BYEHT)
 * à la carte : карта вин (KAHR-tah veen)
 * breakfast : завтрак (ZAHF-truhk)
 * lunch : обед (ah-BYEHT)
 * tea (meal) : полдник (POHLD-neek)
 * supper : ужин (OO-zhyhn)
 * I want _____. : Я хочу _____. (yah khah-CHOO) (use first form below)
 * I want a dish containing _____. : Я хочу блюдо с _____. (yah khah-CHOO BLYOO-duh s _____) (use second form)
 * chicken : курицу/ой (KOO-reet-soo / KOO-reet-suy)
 * beef : говядину/ой (gahv-YAH-dee-noo / gahv-YAH-dee-nuy)
 * fish : рыбу/ой (RYH-boo / RYH-boy)
 * ham : свинину/ой (svee-NEE-noo / svee-NEE-nuy)
 * veal : говядина (gahv-YAH-deen-uh)
 * sausage : колбасу/ой (kuhl-bah-SOO / kuhl-bah-SOY)
 * cheese : сыр/ом (syhr / SYH-ruhm)
 * eggs : яйца/ами (YIGH-tsah / YIGH-tsah-mee)
 * salad : салат/ом (sah-LAHT / sah-LAHT-ohm)
 * potato : картофель (kahr-TOH-fehl')
 * (fresh) vegetables : (свежие/ими) овощи/ами ((SVYEH-zhyh-yeh / SVYEH-zhyh-mee OH-vuh-shee/ uh-vuh-SHAH-mee)
 * tomato : помидор (puh-mee-DOHR)
 * cabbage : капуста (kah-POOS-tuh)
 * carrot : морковь (mahr-KOHF)
 * beet : свёкла (SVYOHL-kuh)
 * (fresh) fruit : (свежие/ими) фрукты/ами ((SVYEH-zhyh-yeh / SVYEH-zhyh-mee FROOK-tyh / FROOK-tuh-mee)
 * berries : ягоды (YAH-guh-dyh)
 * strawberry : клубинка (kloo-BEEN-kuh)
 * banana : банан (bah-NAHN)
 * apple : яблоко (YAH-bluh-kuh)
 * grapes : виноград (vee-nah-GRAHD)
 * currants : смородина (smah-ROH-dee-nuh)
 * orange : апельсин (uh-peel-SEEN)
 * bread : хлеб/ом (khlyep / KHLYEH-buhm)
 * toast : тост/ом (tohst / TOHST-uhhm))
 * noodles : лапша/ой (LAHP-shuh / lahp-SHOY)
 * pasta : макароны/онами (mah-kah-ROH-nyh / mah-kah-ROH-nah-mee)
 * rice : рис/ом (rees / REE-suhm)
 * buckwheat : гречка/гречкой (GRECH-kuh / GRECH-koy)
 * beans : фасоль/фасолью (fah-SOHL’ / fah-SOHL-yoo)
 * May I have a glass of _____? : Дайте, пожалуйста, стакан _____? (DIGH-tyeh, puh-ZHAH-luh-stuh, stah-KAHN _____?)
 * May I have a cup of _____? : Дайте, пожалуйста, чашку _____? (DIGH-tyeh, puh-ZHAH-luh-stuh, CHAHSH-koo)
 * May I have a bottle of _____? : Дайте, пожалуйста, бутылку _____? (DIGH-tyeh, puh-ZHAH-luh-stuh, boo-TYHL-koo)
 * ...coffee : ...кофе (KOH-feh)
 * ...tea (drink) : ...чая (CHAH-yuh)
 * ...juice : ...сока (SOH-kah)
 * ...(bubbly) water : ...минеральной воды (mee-nee-RAHL'-nuy vah-DYH)
 * ...water : ...воды (vah-DYH)
 * ...beer : ...пива (PEE-vuh)
 * ...red/white wine : ...красного/белого вина (KRAH-snuh-vuh / BYEH-luh-vuh vee-NAH)
 * ...sparkling wine : ...шампанского (shum-PAHN-skuh-guh)
 * ...vodka : ...водки (VOT-kee)
 * May I have some _____? : Дайте, пожалуйста _____. (DIGH-tyeh, puh-ZHAH-luh-stuh)
 * ...salt : соль (sohl’)
 * ...black pepper : чёрный перец (CHYOHR-nyh PYEH-reets)
 * ...butter : масло (MAHS-luh)
 * Excuse me, waiter? (getting attention of server): Официант!/Девушка! (uh-fee-TSAHNT! / DYEH-voosh-kuh!) The former is very polite and gender neutral, the latter only for female servers, and should not be used in a nice restaurant.
 * I'm finished. : Я наелся/наелась. (yah nah-YEHL-syuh/yah nah-YEH-las’)
 * It was delicious. : Это было великолепно. (EH-tuh BYH-luh vyeh-lee-kah-LYEHP-nuh)
 * Please clear the plates. : Можете убрать со стола. (MOH-zhyh-tyeh oo-BRAHT’ suh stuh-LAH)
 * The check, please. : Счёт, пожалуйста. (shyoht, puh-ZHAH-luh-stuh)

Bars

 * Do you serve alcohol? : Вы продаёте алкогольные напитки? (VYH pruh-dah-YOH-tyeh ahl-kuh-GOHL’-nyh-yeh nah-PEET-kee?)
 * Is there table service? : Здесь есть официант? (zdyehs’ yehst’ ah-fee-TSANT)
 * A beer/two beers, please. : Будьте добры, одно пиво/два пива. (BOOT’-tyeh dah-BRYH, ad-noh PEE-vuh / dvah PEE-vah)
 * A glass of red/white wine, please. : Будьте добры, бокал красного/белого вина. (BOOT'-tyeh dah-BRYH, bah-KAHL KRAHZ-nuh-vuh / BYEH-luh-vuh vee-NAH)
 * A bottle, please. : Будьте добры, одну бутылку. (BOOT’-tyeh dah-BRYH, ahd-NOO boo-TYHL-koo)
 * _____ (hard liquor) and _____ (mixer), please. : Будьте добры, _____ (hard liquor) с _____ (mixer in ablative form). (...)
 * whiskey : виски (VEE-skee)
 * vodka : водка (VOHT-kah)
 * rum : ром (rohm)
 * water : вода/ой (vah-DAH / vah-DOY)
 * club soda : газированная/ой вода/ой (газировка/ой) (guh-zee-ROH-vuhn-nuh-yuh / guh-zee-ROH-vuhn-nuy vah-DAH / vah-DOY)
 * tonic water : тоник/ом (TOH-neek/TOH-neek-uhm)
 * orange juice : апельсиновый/ым сок/ом (uh-peel’-SEE-nuh-vyh / uh-peel’-SEE-nuh-vyhm sohk / SOHK-uhm)
 * Coke (soda) : кола/ой (лимонад/ом) (KOH-lah / KOH-luy)
 * Do you have any bar snacks? : Здесь есть буфет? (zdyehs’ yehst’ boo-FYEHT)
 * One more, please. : Ещё одну, пожалуйста. (yee-SHYOH ahd-NOOH, puh-ZHAH-luh-stuh)
 * Another round, please. : Повторите, пожалуйста. (puhf-tah-REEH-tye, puh-ZHAH-luh-stuh)
 * When is closing time? : Когда вы закрываетесь? (kahg-DAH vyh zuh-kryh-VAH-ee-tyehs’?)
 * I don't drink. : Я вообще не пью. (yah vahb-SHYEH nee pyoo)
 * I'm an alcoholic. : Я алкоголик. (yah ahl-kah-GOH-leek)
 * I cannot drink because of medication. : Мне нельзя пить из-за лекарства, которое я сейчас принимаю. (mnyee neel-ZYAH peet' eez-zah lee-KAHRST-vuh kah-TOHR-uh-yuh yah see-CHAHS pree-nee-MAH-yoo)

Shopping

 * Do you have this in my size? : У вас есть это моего размера? (oo vahs yehst’ EH-tuh ma-ee-VOH rahz-MYEH-ruh)
 * How much is this? : Сколько это стоит? (SKOHL’-kuh EH-tuh STOH-eet)
 * That's too expensive. : Это слишком дорого. (EH-tuh SLEESH-kuhm DOH-ruh-guh)
 * Would you take _____? : Вы примете _____? (vyh PREE-mee-tyeh _____?)
 * expensive : дорого (DOH-ruh-guh)
 * cheap : дёшево (DYOH-shyh-vuh)
 * I can't afford it. : Я не могу себе этого позволить. (yah nee mah-GOOH see-BYEH EH-tuh-vuh paz-VOH-leet’)
 * I don't want it. : Я это не хочу. (yah EH-tuh nee khah-CHOO)
 * You're cheating me. : Вы меня обманываете. (vyh mee-NYAH ab-MAH-nyh-vah-ee-tyeh)
 * I'm not interested. : Мне это не интересно.. (mnyeh EH-tuh nee een-tee-RYEHS-nuh)
 * OK, I'll take it. : Хорошо, я возьму. (khah-rah-SHOH, yah vahz’-MOO)
 * Can I have a bag? : Дайте, пожалуйста, пакет. (DIGH-tyeh, puh-ZHAH-luh-stuh, pah-KYEHT)
 * Do you ship (overseas)? : У вас есть доставка (за границу)? (oo vahs yehst’ dahs-TAHF-kah (zah grah-NEET-sooh)
 * Give me two (items of something). : Давайте две. (dah-VIGH-tyeh DVYEH)
 * I need... : Мне нужен/нужна/нужно/нужны... (mnyeh NOO-zhehn / nooh-ZHNAH / NOOZH-nuh / nooh-ZHNYH)
 * ...toothpaste. : ...зубная паста. (ZOOB-nuh-yuh PAHS-tuh)
 * ...a toothbrush. : ...зубная щётка. (ZOOB-nuh-yuh SHYOHT-kuh)
 * ...tampons. : ...тампоны. (tahm-POH-nyh)
 * ...soap. : ...мыло. (MYH-luh)
 * ...shampoo. : ...шампунь. (shahm-POON’)
 * ...pain reliever. (e.g., aspirin or ibuprofen) : ...обезболивающее. (ah-beez-BOH-lee-vah-yoo-shee-yeh)
 * ...cold medicine. : ...лекарство от простуды. (lee-KAHR-stvah aht prah-STOO-dyh)
 * ...stomach medicine. : ...лекарство от живота. (lee-KAHR-stvah aht zhyh-VOH-tuh)
 * ...a razor. : ...бритва. (BREET-vuh)
 * ...an umbrella. : ...зонтик. (ZOHN-teek)
 * ...sunblock lotion. : ...лосьон от загара. (luhs’-YOHN ahd zah-GAH-ruh)
 * ...a postcard. : ...открытка. (aht-KRYHT-kah)
 * ...postage stamps. : ...почтовые марки. (pahtch-TOH-vyh-yeh MAHR-kee)
 * ...batteries. : ...батарейки. (bah-tah-RAY-kee)
 * ...writing paper. : ...бумага. (boo-MAH-guh)
 * ...a pen. : ...ручка. (ROOCH-kuh)
 * ...English-language books. : ...книги на английском языке. (KNEE-gee nah ahn-GLEE-skuhm yuh-zee-KYEH)
 * ...English-language magazines. : ...журналы на английском языке. (zhoor-NAH-lyh nah ahn-GLEE-skuhm yuh-zyh-KYEH)
 * ...an English-language newspaper. : ...газета на английском языке. (gah-ZYEH-tah nah ahn-GLEE-skuhm yuh-zyh-KYEH)
 * ...a Russian-English dictionary. : ...русско-английский словарь. (ROO-skuh ahn-GLEE-skee slah-VAHR’)

Driving

 * I want to rent a car. : Я хочу взять машину напрокат. (yah khah-CHOO vzyaht’ mah-SHYH-noo nuh-prah-KAHT)
 * Can I get insurance? : Я могу взять страховку? (yah mah-GOO vzyaht’ strah-KHOHF-koo)
 * Stop (on a street sign) : СТОП (stohp)
 * One way : одностороннее движение (uhd-nuh-stah-ROHN-nee-yeh dvee-ZHEH-nee-yeh)
 * Yield : уступите дорогу (oo-stoo-PEE-tyeh dah-ROH-goo)
 * No parking : парковки нет (pahr-KOHF-kee nyeht)
 * Speed limit : ограничение скорости (ah-grah-nee-CHEH-nyh-yeh SKOH-ruh-stee)
 * Gas (petrol) station : (авто)заправка ((AHF-tuh) zah-PRAHF-kuh)
 * Petrol : бензин (been-ZEEN)
 * Diesel : ДТ (дизельное топливо) (deh teh (DEE-zehl’-nuh-yeh TOH-plee-vuh)

Authority

 * I haven't done anything wrong. : Я ничего плохого не делал(а). (yah nee-chee-VOH plah-KHOH-vuh nee DYEH-luhl/luh-luh)
 * My papers are in order : Мои документы в порядке. (muh-yee duh-koo-MYEHN-tyh fpahr-YAHD-kee) (intonation must fall, otherwise you might be asking a question!)
 * It was a misunderstanding. : Мы друг друга не поняли. (myh droog DROO-guh nyee POHN-yuh-lee)
 * Take me to the police. : Везите меня в полицию. (vee-ZEE-tyeh meen-YAH fpuh-LEE-tsyh-yuh)
 * Where are you taking me? : Куда вы меня везёте? (koo-DAH vyh meen-YAH vee-ZYOH-tyeh?)
 * To the police : К полиции. (kpuh-LEE-tsyh)
 * To my house : К моему дому. (kmuh-yuh-MOO DOH-moo)

 * Am I under arrest? : Я арестован(а)? (yah ah-ryees-TOH-vuhn/vuh-nah?)
 * I am an American/Australian/British/Canadian citizen. : Я гражданин/гражданка Америки/Австралии/Великобритании/Канады. (yah grazh-dah-NEEN/grazh-DAHN-kah ah-MYEH-ree-kee / ahf-STRAH-lee-yeh / vee-lee-kuh-bree-TAH-nee-yeh / kah-NAH-dyh)
 * I want to talk to the American/Australian/British/Canadian embassy/consulate. : Я хочу поговорить с посольством/консульством Америки/Австралии/Великобритании/Канады. (yah khah-CHOO puh-guh-vah-REET s pah-SOL’ST-vuhm / s KOHN-sool’-stvuhm ah-MEH-ree-kee / ahf-STRAH-lee-yeh/ vee-lee-kuh-bree-TAH-nee-yeh / kah-NAH-dyh)
 * I want to talk to a lawyer. : Я хочу поговорить с адвокатом. (yah hah-CHOO puh-guh-vah-REET s ahd-vuh-KAH-tuhm)
 * Can I just pay a fine now? : Я могу заплатить штраф сейчас? (yah mah-GOO zah-plah-TEET’ shtrahf say-CHAHS?) (This phrase indicates that you want to pay a bribe to get out of trouble.)
 * I need a receipt : Мне нужна квитанция. (mnyee noozh-NAH kvee-TAHN-tsyh-yuh) (In the context of interactions with police, this phrase indicates that you aren't willing to pay a bribe.)

title: Russian phrasebook


text:
Russia to Japan via Sakhalin

Russia to Japan via Sakhalin covers the journey from the Russian Far East through Sakhalin Island to Japan.

Understand
This itinerary describes one of two possible options for continuing a Trans-Siberian Railway journey to Japan, via the island of Sakhalin in Russia's far east. The other possible routes are by ferry from Tianjin (the terminus of the Trans-Mongolian Railway near Beijing) to Kobe, near Japan's 2nd city, Osaka. This itinerary is interesting as it ends in Wakkanai, Japan's northernmost city, and therefore allows travelers the opportunity of continuing through Japan from north to south in a straight line and to get well off the beaten path in both countries.

There were ferry routes directly departing from Vladivostok (the terminus of the Trans-Siberian Railway) to Takaoka on the central coast of Honshu, Japan's main island and from Vladivostok via South Korea's Donghae to Sakaiminato in the western part of Honshu, but both routes were discontinued by the late 2010s.

Prepare

 * Please refer to the Trans-Siberian Railway article for general information about this great railway journey.

Bring a phrasebook. As this journey takes you far off the beaten path, don't expect anyone to speak English. Bringing a Russian phrasebook is not only recommended to help the traveler socialize with fellow cabin mates during the trip, and thus enriching the experience of this trip immensely - but also perhaps more importantly, it's invaluable help should you encounter any emergencies. Once you have finished the journey, you may also find a Japanese phrasebook useful as you venture out from the port.

Have your papers in order. Sakhalin is designated a special border region, and as such, the movement of foreigners is limited. Because of this, you should pay special attention to the Russian registration rules if you plan on entering Sakhalin, and have all the paperwork (registration stamps and train tickets) ready on disembarkation in Kholmsk. It is also advisable to have the name, address and telephone number for the intended accommodation on Sakhalin Island written in Russian, for the Sakhalin customs officials.

Certain nationalities require a visa to enter Japan, while citizens from most Western nations can obtain landing permission on arrival. There are Japanese consulates in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk and Khabarovsk. You are required to provide information on your first night's accommodation on the disembarkation card, and to purchase ferry tickets for the Korsakov-Wakkanai ferry.

Pack warm clothes. Even in summer, Sakhalin can be quite chilly, so be sure to bring a jacket and long pants.

Get in

There are two options for reaching Sakhalin over land, the easiest of which is branching off the main Trans-Siberian line in Khabarovsk, the last major station before the terminus in Vladivostok. More adventurous travelers can travel by the more exotic but poorly served Baikal-Amur Mainline to Komsomolsk and enter the route from there. It is of course also possible to reach Sakhalin and Khabarovsk by air, although some would argue that it kind of defeats the purpose of the journey.

See
There really isn't any particular point of interest along the route - that is not to say that there is nothing to see, and the Wikivoyage guides for the cities along the route are full of listings for attractions you can check out while there. However, since heading off to Sakhalin in the first place takes a fair bit of planning and effort, you really owe it to yourself to at least seriously consider spending the extra time, effort and above all money it takes to venture off the direct path from A to B, and out into the islands spectacular outdoors. Furthermore Komsomolsk-on-Amur, has equally spectacular landscape right at it's doorsteps, and is a good place to organize excursions into the renowned nature reserves of Khabarovsk Krai.

You will however, have to be more than your average seasoned traveler, and have some command of the Russian language to get anything organized on your own accord, and most will have to enlist the aid of local or a tour agent to see more than the sneak peeks you can catch from the window of your preferred mode of transport. Below are some suggestions for destinations that relatively easy can be reached from stops along the route;

 * Sikachi-Alyan —
 * Komsomolsky Nature Reserve —
 * Moneron —
 * Lake Tunaycha —
 * Rishiri-Rebun-Sarobetsu National Park —

1st leg: Khabarovsk to Komsomolsk
There are several options to consider on this leg of the journey. The easiest, no doubt, is by train, but a more interesting way, is to take the daily hydrofoil services connecting the two cities, up the Amur river.

If you do not want to attract the wrong kind of attention, be considerate when you board the train, as the passengers who boarded in Vladivostok will mostly be asleep. The train ride is quite scenic, with occasional views over the Amur river. There are no longer stops on this leg where you could stock up supplies from the usual station sellers, but the train does have a decent restaurant car with a small shop, in case you forget to bring food and drinks. In Komsomolsk there is a 1-hour layover. The station has many shops selling fresh foods and other supplies.

This hydrofoil service departs from the Rechnoy Vokzal (river terminal), located a short but steep walk southwest of the city's massive cathedral. Stay in a hotel near the river due to the early departure times. It takes approximately 6 hours to cover the 300 km between the two cities. In Komsomolsk the ferry arrives at the river station, about 2 km south of the railway station, but they are connected by tram line number 2.

The train connection to Vanino does not depart Komsomolsk until 12:47 (19:47 local time), so you have a few hours to explore the city. Luggage can be stored at the station.

If Russia has left a hole in your wallet, the daily overnight bus between Khabarovsk and Komsomolsk is an option. As the train continuing to Vanino runs overnight, you can save 2 nights worth of accommodation, sacrificing some comfort. Road conditions are reported to be quite good by Russian standards.

2nd leg: Komsomolsk to Vanino
Well fed, and safe on the train, there is some good scenery to be seen as the train follows a river flowing through a valley, before it starts climbing a small mountain range, and darkness sets in. Next morning you will wake up with a view over the Pacific Ocean, and a attractive coastline. If you have come from St Petersburg, you have a little time to reflect on the achievement of traversing the Eurasian continent coast to coast, before arriving in the port city of Vanino. Upon arrival, it is a good idea to have your luggage ready, so you can be first in line to exit the train.

The train #953/954 starts in Komsomolsk and arrives very early to Vanino, giving you better chances to get a ticket to a cabin in the boat (but also more waiting time.) It's a seasonal service, running from the beginning of June to mid-September.

3rd leg: Vanino to Kholmsk
After arriving in Vanino, tickets for the overnight ferry are sold in a small ticket window inside the station building. Enter the station from the train platform, and it will be at the opposite end of the main hall from where you entered.

Buying ferry tickets in Vanino is an altogether unpleasant experience, that even the local population consider a test of endurance. Below are some tips on securing some hard-fought tickets.
 * Arrive the day before in Vanino and buy the tickets in quietness as the queue ends.
 * Prebook tickets through a travel agency. While the service alone is as expensive as the tickets themselves, this enables you to forget everything learned about politeness, shove your way through the queue, and get your tickets straight away. Dalgeo tours in Khabarovsk has English speaking staff available, and will provide this service for ₽700 (see Khabarovsk entry for contact details). Nata tours in Komsomolsk also does the job and even provides a person in Vanino to buy the ticket for you. (February 2010 quote from them for 1 berth in 2 berth cabin US$160, or US$250 in a single luxe cabin.) Be aware of the real ferry tickets before you commit and make sure which cabin type you got as soon as you receive the tickets.
 * Have your luggage ready, queue up at the train doors before arrival, and run inside the train station to grab a top spot in the queue – although you will still have to wait 1½ hours till the ticket window opens.
 * Remember there are few rules for queuing in Russia. Sneaking in front of other people at every given opportunity seems to be the norm.
 * Try your luck: in July 2009 there was almost no queue on the arrival of the 05:30 train and the ticket booth was already open.

When you have secured a ticket, you can wait in the adjacent waiting room, until the bus leaves to the ferry. Schedules are random, so watch for the line in front of the ticket gate to empty, and then make your way to the parking lot at the northern end of the train platform. The standard is to squeeze in twice the number of people as the bus was designed for. The bus does a couple of shuttle rides to the port, so if you have a cabin place, no need to rush in the first bus.

The ferries are in a somewhat sorry state, with huge patches of rust everywhere on the ship, but all safety equipment you expect from a western ferry seems to be present. Facilities are limited, but there is a cafe on the main deck, with an assortment of Russian foods and alcoholic beverages - you'll be given a voucher for a meal was given at the entrance of the boat.

There are (supposedly, but maybe not on all ferries) 8-berth (₽815), 4-berth (₽885) and 2-berth (₽1180) cabins available, as well as "lyux" (deluxe) cabins at ₽2400 - these are the only cabins with a private shower/toilet and seats! The price for the cabins change almost nothing between the number of people they hold (around ₽60 more for half the people!) The seats mean in general 'sleep somewhere over your luggage' - take the 2-berth cabin if they are still available. Note that that you will pay the price indicated at the board plus an extra ₽150 for the bus.

4th leg: Kholmsk to Korsakov
The ferry arrives in the dull port of Kholmsk on Sakhalin's eastern coast early in the morning. As you leave your cabin, make sure you have your ferry ticket, as it is required to get off the ship. During disembarkation you are required to show your ferry tickets, as well as your passport to local officials. So make sure both are within easy reach, as the cramped space makes disembarkation a rather crowded experience.

As of 2008, Sakhalin is designated a special border region, so the law now requires that you register with local authorities. At disembarkation the customs officer will keep your passport until all passengers have left the vessel. You will then be led inside the ferry terminal, where the officer will check your papers and subject you to a brief interview. No English spoken, so having the following information written in Russian will shorten your waiting time considerably:

 * Date and place of exit (Sakhalin)
 * Purpose of your visit
 * Name, address and telephone number of your intended accommodation on the island.

Expect the above procedures to take at least one hour, though a wikivoyager has reported waiting 4 hours to get his back, while another didn't wait at all. In any case, once finished, head outside the main gate of the ferry terminal for connections to Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, where you can either break up your journey, or continue to Korsakov.

There are both hourly buses (₽250) and minibus connections to Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. The easiest option is to find a minibus, as they are more comfortable and have frequent departures (leave-when-full). Expect to pay between ₽200-300 for a minibus. You might be forced to pay for an additional seat if you have a large backpack or similar.

In Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk the parking lot between the train station and post office doubles as a bus terminal. There are several scheduled departures (₽100) for Korsakov, the first in the morning being at 07:20 (taking around 1 hour), which gives time to make the passport control (closing at 09:20) and catch the ferry at 10:00.

If you are a train buff, and have endured the hardships of riding the Baikal-Amur Mainline across the Siberian plains, you might find it worthy of trying to take the Japanese built narrow-gauge railway to Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk – but since the direct line is now derelict, you'll need to catch a once or twice daily connection to Tomari (#1611) 80 km to the north, and take another once daily train (#123) from there to Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk or Korsakov. This huge detour is probably not worth the effort unless you are really dedicated. The morning train from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk to Korsakov also arrives too late to catch the ferry on the same day.

Stay safe
Carry medical supplies. Outside Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk medical facilities are limited, and English speaking doctors nonexistent. Bringing a rudimentary first aid kit, and basic medicines for self treatment is recommended.

Be alert. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk has the highest instance of youth crime in the entire Russian Federation. While there is no need to be overly paranoid about this, do travel sensibly and stay alert around young Russian men.

Go next
As you are in the northernmost city in Japan, the whole country awaits in front of you! However since you're in Wakkanai, don't cheat yourself for a visit to the Rishiri-Rebun-Sarobetsu National Park: ferries depart from the ferry terminal in front of you, a night in the Momoiwa-so Youth Hostel on Rebun island is highly recommended!

Going south, the railway from Wakkanai terminates in Asahikawa, Hokkaido's second largest city. (3 Limited express trains a day go all the way to Saporro there is 1 departing at 16:51 which arrives at 21:50 in Saporro (see also www.hyperdia.com for Japanese railway timetables.) From Asahikawa you can easily explore Japan's largest national park Daisetsuzan or continue onwards to Sapporo and the rest of Japan.

title: Russia to Japan via Sakhalin


text:
Rust

Rust is a city at the Neusiedl Lake in Burgenland, Austria. It is a part of the cultural landscape nominated on the UNESCO World Heritage List. The town is known for the storks nesting over its chimneys and for its beautiful historic centre.

Get in
By bus from Eisenstadt.

Get around
On foot.

See
The historic centre is small and mainly comprises of the main city square. The and the  are also located at this square.

Do
Watch the migratory birds, e.g. from the. Swim or sail at the Neusiedl Lake. The town has its own beach.

Eat
Many traditional restaurants and wineries.

title: Rust


text:
Rustavi

Rustavi  is a city in the Kartli region of Georgia.

Rustavi (რუსთავი) is a post-Soviet upcoming city of 121,786 people. With a new town square, a theatre in the process of being renovated, things are happening in this former industrial town. Only 25 minutes from Tbilisi, packed full of Soviet architecture, surrounded by abandoned factories, derelict Soviet-era parks, and dusty hills, it's something different.

Understand
The local steel mill is working at a fraction of its former Soviet production capacity. However, a big income comes from the local car market, which is the biggest one for used cars in the southern Caucasus. It is on the western side of the Tbilisi-Baku highway.

By bus
There are loads of marshrutkas going to Rustavi. A marshrutka ride between Tbilisi and Rustavi costs 2.50 lari (Sep 2022). From Tbilisi, marshrutkas load at the Station Square (Sadguris moedani) metro station and also at the Politeknikuri metro station. They will all have a sign reading რუსთავი (Rustavi) in their windshield. Marshrutka no. 19 (yellow) starts in the Saburtalo (საბურთალო) district and goes straight through the capital to Rustavi.

At Station Square, the Rustavi-bound marshrutkas can be found parked behind the cluster of stores directly in front of the metro entrance/exit.

From Politeknikuri, the Rustavi-bound marshrutkas will be loading just outside the northeast exit of the metro. They will be waiting in the thin parking lot adjacent to the university.

On their way to Rustavi, these marshrutkas will invariably take the main riverside thoroughfare (President Heydar Aliyev Embankment/Gorgasalis St). If you see one coming, just wave at it. It will stop if there's room.

The marshrutkas will run down the main street in Rustavi (Megobroba Street) upon entering town. You will know when you are in Rustavi when you see hundreds of 9-story, Soviet-style apartment buildings absolutely everywhere. Just yell out "Gaacheret" for the driver to let you off. Anywhere is a good place to stop, really.

You'll enter new Rustavi first. Old Rustavi is past a bridge over the river Mtkvari. More is happening in the new part than in the old part.

Marshrutkas from Tbilisi to Rustavi begin their routes early in the morning and run until midnight (at least at the Politeknikuri and Station Square sites).

By train
There are two trains daily to the, 1.5 km north of the town hall square. Also, the Tbilisi-Baku night trains stops in Rustavi, departing Tbilisi at 17:55 in winter.

Get around
Rustavi is easily done by foot. In addition, Rustavi has many marshrutka routes covering the length and breadth of the city. A marshrutka ride has the flat rate of 50 tetri. The #1 and #14 marshrutkas run the main road connecting Old Rustavi and New Rustavi. Make sure there is a sign in the windshield saying "pirdapir" (პირდაპირ, "direct"), lest you take the super scenic routes.

See
The town square is quite nice, there's a river, and plenty of crumbling apartment buildings to wander past. They are lit up at night, which looks quite nice. Nothing like a paint job. There's a beautiful theatre as well.

Old Rustavi

 * The main boulevard (Merab Kostava Ave) invites for pleasant strolls.

 * The with the newly designed square and the bronze orchestral groups are in the middle of Kostava.
 * There is a theatre along Niko Pirosmani Street near the city hall.
 * The is at the corner of Odisharia and Mshenebelta Street.
 * The lies near the Mtkvari river.
 * Entrance via the Park of Culture and Rest. There is no entrance near the fort.
 * Entrance via the Park of Culture and Rest. There is no entrance near the fort.

Do

 * For a Western traveller, the most striking thing about Rustavi is its purely Soviet aesthetic. That said, many Westerners find that the best thing to do is to simply walk around. Rustavi is largely untouched by tourism, so the observer can see Georgian city life in a very pure form.
 * The Motorpark in the west of the city also contains a training centre. In addition, you can rent motor cross bikes for exploring the surrounding steppe.
 * Go to the cinema, the theatre, check out a cafe, drink some beer.
 * Go to the cinema, the theatre, check out a cafe, drink some beer.

Buy
Rustavi has two bazaars in town. There is the old bazaar, located incidentally in Old Rustavi, and there is the new bazaar, located in New Rustavi.

What

 * Rustavi has its fair share of Georgian restaurants tucked inconspicuously all over town. The standard fare of khinkali, khachapuri, lobio, is all available. The prices are generally the same across the board.
 * Near the city hall there is a branch of the legendary lemonade Laghidze, where you can also get some inexpensive snacks (khachapuri, etc.).

Drink
Georgian wine and chacha can be found at almost every restaurant and convenience store around town.

 * Cafe Askili also features a nice café and bar, open until 01:00—see above.
 * Cafe Askili also features a nice café and bar, open until 01:00—see above.

Sleep
Rustavi is close enough to Tbilisi that you might find more scenic and comfortable digs there.

Go next

 * David Gareja Monastery Complex – A 6th century cave monastery clinging onto a rocky hillside lying meters away from Azerbaijan, with beautiful frescos. Can be reached by taxis or organized tours, no public transport available from Sighnaghi (only Tbilisi). 50 km from Sighnaghi, a detour along the way to/from Tbilisi.
 * Azerbaijan – with Ganja being the first and one of the largest cities after the border. Though, the daily Ganja-Tbilisi marshrutka does not go through Rustavi, but Marneuli. Best to catch a ride to the border and another one into Azerbaijan after crossing.
 * Tbilisi – Getting back to Tbilisi is easy. There are Tbilisi-bound marshrutkas passing down the main street constantly.
 * To catch one of these marshrutkas, simply stand anywhere along Megobroba Street (Rustavi's main road) and flag one down. Any marshrutka going to Tbilisi will say თბილისი (Tbilisi) on the top on its windshield sign. The best places to catch marshrutkas is from a bus stop, because the marshrutka will slow down significantly, giving you a chance to read the windshield sign.
 * However, all of these constantly-passing Tbilisi-bound marshrutkas are going to different places in Tbilisi. To know where each Tbilisi-bound marshrutka is going specifically, the details will be listed underneath the word თბილისი (Tbilisi).
 * The marshrutka going to Politeknikuri (metro) will have a blue and white windshield sign. Underneath the word თბილისი (Tbilisi), it will say აჭარა (Achara).
 * The marshrutka going to Station Square (metro) will have a Tbilisi metro icon at the bottom with the word სადგურის (Sadguris) next to it.
 * Other marshrutkas going to Tbilisi will are going to ისანი (Isani), where there is a metro, and there is the rare marshrutka headed to Liberty Square--it will say ვაკე and თავისუპლების on the sign.
 * Marshrutkas running from Rustavi to Tbilisi begin quite early in the morning, and taper off around 22:00-23:00.

title: Rustavi


text:
Rustenburg

Rustenburg (Place of rest) is the largest city in South Africa's North West Province, with a population of 550,000 in 2011.

Understand
Rustenburg was founded in 1851 and went through a number of altercations in the Anglo-Boer Wars. It saw unprecedented growth in the early 21st century. It is mostly known for the platinum that is mined there today.

Climate
Rustenburg has very warm summers (from December to February) and mild winters (from June to August). Due to the altitude, summers are not quite as hot as one might expect. Precipitation occurs mainly in summer.

By plane
Pilanesburg International Airport near Sun City or Rustenburg Airfield do not accept international or national flights. The closest international airport is Johannesburg International and national is Lanseria.

By train
There are no passenger trains going through Rustenburg. The only trains used are cargo and freight used by the mining and steel industries.

By car
Follow the N4 toll road west from Pretoria. Total toll is R32 in April 2010. The R104 road is a toll-free alternative which is parallel to the N4 but is narrow and bendy with several stops in between.

By bus
In 2012 there was still no public transport or public bus route. Although private buses are available if you search the internet.

Do

 * SkyDive Rustenburg - based at Rustenburg Airfield. Enjoy a scenic flight over Rustenburg and the Magaliesberg on the climb to 12 000ft, 40 seconds in freefall attached to a tandem master, and a 5 minute parachute ride back to earth. SkyDive Rustenburg +27 79 345 7058 [mailto:SkyDive.Rustenburg@gmail.com SkyDive.Rustenburg@gmail.com]
 * SkyDive Rustenburg - based at Rustenburg Airfield. Enjoy a scenic flight over Rustenburg and the Magaliesberg on the climb to 12 000ft, 40 seconds in freefall attached to a tandem master, and a 5 minute parachute ride back to earth. SkyDive Rustenburg +27 79 345 7058 [mailto:SkyDive.Rustenburg@gmail.com SkyDive.Rustenburg@gmail.com]
 * SkyDive Rustenburg - based at Rustenburg Airfield. Enjoy a scenic flight over Rustenburg and the Magaliesberg on the climb to 12 000ft, 40 seconds in freefall attached to a tandem master, and a 5 minute parachute ride back to earth. SkyDive Rustenburg +27 79 345 7058 [mailto:SkyDive.Rustenburg@gmail.com SkyDive.Rustenburg@gmail.com]
 * SkyDive Rustenburg - based at Rustenburg Airfield. Enjoy a scenic flight over Rustenburg and the Magaliesberg on the climb to 12 000ft, 40 seconds in freefall attached to a tandem master, and a 5 minute parachute ride back to earth. SkyDive Rustenburg +27 79 345 7058 [mailto:SkyDive.Rustenburg@gmail.com SkyDive.Rustenburg@gmail.com]

Eat
Many restaurants can be found in the Waterfall Mall, south-east of the city. The choice is large (from fast-food to good quality restaurants) but might have a lack of authenticity.

Drink
It is a good idea to ask locals about recommended nightlife spots. Rustenburg square provides a fairly good all round night out with parking, clubs, pubs and shops in a well lit and maintained area. You can find some of the bigger clubs on the outskirts of town, including traditional Sokkie Sokkie dance clubs, techno clubs, gentlemen's clubs and Zulu taverns.

Go next

 * Pretoria, follow the N4 East
 * Sun City, follow the R510 northeast for about 30 km, turn left into the R556. Another 25 km and you are there.
 * The Pilanesberg National Park is next to Sun City.

title: Rustenburg


text:
Ruston

Ruston is the fourth-largest city in Northern Louisiana, with a population of about 23,000 people, and is home to Louisiana Tech University.

Get in
Ruston comes on the interstate highway 20 between two bigger cities of North Louisiana. These two cities are eastbound Monroe and westbound Shreveport.

Ruston is also located along US Highway 167, a good route for those coming from Alexandria, LA to the south or Little Rock, AR to the north.

By plane

 * Hale Hall of Louisiana Tech.jpgMonroe Regional Airport - the birthplace of Delta Air Lines - is served by Delta Air Lines, American Airlines, and United Airlines.

See

 * North Louisiana Military Museum, 201 Memorial Dr. Artillery and military equipment and other displays in homage to the men and women of uniform. +1 318-251-5099
 * Lincoln Parish Museum, 609 N Vienna St. Regional history, like maybe something on Jack Kerouac's mention of Ruston. +1 318-251-0018
 * Autrey House Museum, 8297-8201, LA-151, Dubach. Oldest dogtrot house in Lincoln Parish, built in 1848.
 * Lincoln Parish Museum, 609 N Vienna St. Regional history, like maybe something on Jack Kerouac's mention of Ruston. +1 318-251-0018
 * Autrey House Museum, 8297-8201, LA-151, Dubach. Oldest dogtrot house in Lincoln Parish, built in 1848.

Do

 * Squire Creek Country Club Peach Festival

Sleep

Emergency services

 * For all emergency services, dial 911.
 * Law enforcement is provided by the Lincoln Parish Sheriff and the Ruston Police Department. The Louisiana State Police generally patrol areas outside of the city limits and often assist on major crimes.
 * For all health concerns, medical assistance can be found at the Northern Louisiana Medical Center. The hospital is located on E Vaughn Ave.

title: Ruston


text:
Ruta Puuc

La Ruta Puuc is an official name given to a 41 km network of secondary roads through Yucatán state along which one can tour Mexico's Mayan Puuc cultural heritage. The route is marked with signs. Important sites on the route include Uxmal, Kabah, and Labna. Puuc is the Mayan word for "hills", and the Puuc region of the Yucatan is area of small rolling hills on a peninsula which is otherwise quite flat. Some travellers spend several days visiting all the sites along this route.

In Mayan archeology, the Puuc style is characterized by the elaborate ornamentation of the facades of ceremonial buildings such as temples and palaces, using limestone quarried in the region.

Mayan archaeological sites on the Ruta Puuc

 * Uxmal - important Mayan spiritual center, it features the Pyramid of the Magician
 * Kabah - second largest site in the Puuc region after Uxmal and connected to that city by an 18-km long sacbe
 * Sayil - small city of about 10,000 from the Late Classic period, peaked about 900 AD
 * Labna - famed for its entrance arch, its Palace of Columns, and for an obelisk (Stele 9) that is believed to be a huge phallic symbol
 * Xlapak - smaller site with some excellent relief sculptures
 * Loltún - a system of underground caves (cenotes) in which one can see evidence of Mayan ceremonial practices

Get in

 * ATS offers a daily bus tour, including Sundays, leaving from the Merida's 2nd class bus station at 8:00AM. On Sundays, entrance to the sites for Mexican residents is free.

Prepare

 * Since you will be outside for long periods exploring various ruins, ensure that you wear a wide-brimmed hat to provide some shade and wear loose and light clothing. Be certain to bring plenty of fluids and at least some snacks.
 * The sunlight will likely be intense for much of the day. Ensure that your camera (or film) is able to take pictures in bright light.
 * Do at least some preliminary research on the different sites before you visit. Otherwise they will start to blend into one another and you will not appreciate the differences between most of them.

Go next

 * Ruta Rio Bec
 * Chichen Itza
 * Edzna

title: Ruta Puuc


text:
Ruteng

Ruteng is a city of around 35,000 people on Flores island in Indonesia.

Understand
Ruteng is the center of the interesting villages of the Manggarai ethnic minority. This region has a cooler climate as it is located 1,100 meters above ground.

By car
From Labuan Bajo airport, lots of drivers will negotiate a trip to Ruteng for you. Prices range from Rp250,000 to 600,000. For around Rp120,000 you can go by local buses (e.g. Gunung Mas, Gemini) or 'Travel' (which are cars) on the Labuan Bajo - Ruteng route (as of Nov 2018). Some of them continue to Bajawa - Ende - Maumere. An ojek can bring you for Rp10,000 to the starting point of the 'Travel' (from the airport or town).

Get around
It is easy to explore Ruteng as it is a small town, but you would need a motorbike to go around the region. A motorbike is ideal to discover the surrounding area. You can rent it for about Rp100,000 per day from your accommodation (as of Nov 2018).

See
The main points of interests are outside the town. The surrounding nature is beautiful, and very accessible by motorbike. The main attractions are as follows:

 * Caci, a traditional war dance of Flores accompanied by gongs, drums and singing, is performed at the Rice Harvest Thanksgiving Festival (hang woja) and the New Year Festival (penti).
 * Caci, a traditional war dance of Flores accompanied by gongs, drums and singing, is performed at the Rice Harvest Thanksgiving Festival (hang woja) and the New Year Festival (penti).
 * Caci, a traditional war dance of Flores accompanied by gongs, drums and singing, is performed at the Rice Harvest Thanksgiving Festival (hang woja) and the New Year Festival (penti).
 * Caci, a traditional war dance of Flores accompanied by gongs, drums and singing, is performed at the Rice Harvest Thanksgiving Festival (hang woja) and the New Year Festival (penti).
 * Caci, a traditional war dance of Flores accompanied by gongs, drums and singing, is performed at the Rice Harvest Thanksgiving Festival (hang woja) and the New Year Festival (penti).
 * Caci, a traditional war dance of Flores accompanied by gongs, drums and singing, is performed at the Rice Harvest Thanksgiving Festival (hang woja) and the New Year Festival (penti).

Do

 * Overnight Trip to Wae Rebo
 * If you receive an invitation to attend a wedding, birth, or funeral, never miss it. Those are the best way to learn about the culture. Ask for the norm (what to bring along, what not to do) and behave (e.g. avoid taking excessive photos during sensitive time).

Eat
As the evenings can be chilly, the local soup (Baksoto and Soto ayam) places are popular with the locals. As with every other Indonesian town, there are many Padang Restaurant.

The fried bananas (Pisang Goreng) here are delicious, especially when still hot (ask if they are 'hangat').

 * The Rumah Makan II at the bottom of the town square offers slightly more expensive but very good food with a varied menu of Indonesian dishes.
 * The Rumah Makan II at the bottom of the town square offers slightly more expensive but very good food with a varied menu of Indonesian dishes.

Drink
Ruteng coffee is legendary in Flores (together with Bajawa coffee). Never miss a chance to drink it. By default here coffee is served with sugar, so please request in advance if you would like to have less or no sugar.

Because of the cold climate, drinking arak or sopi or moke are popular for the locals.

Go next

 * Labuan Bajo, 110 km away or 3 hours by car or motorbike.
 * Bajawa, about 3-4 hours by car. The place to see Ngadha culture and villages.

title: Ruteng


text:
Rutherford

There is more than one place called Rutherford:

United States of America

 * Rutherford (California) - A town in California.
 * Rutherford (New Jersey) - A town in New Jersey.
 * Rutherford (Pennsylvania) - A town in Pennsylvania.

Also:
 * Rutherford County (North Carolina)
 * Rutherford County (Tennessee)

title: Rutherford


text:
Rutherford (California)

Rutherford is a small township in the Napa Valley region of California located between St. Helena and Oakville, along Hwy 29. This area of the valley was originally owned by General Vallejo and through a series of gifts became the property of Thomas and Elizabeth Rutherford as a wedding present 1964. The Rutherfords developed a winery, which grew to be one of the best wineries of the area. Now the town is home to high quality wineries and restaurants, a beautiful location to enjoy the wine country.

By plane

 * San Francisco International Airport, +1 650-821-8211.

By car
From San Francisco:
 * Highway 101 North over the Golden Gate Bridge, to Highway 37;
 * Highway 37 East towards Vallejo/Napa, to Highway 121;
 * Highway 121 North towards Napa to Highway 29 North to Rutherford.

Get around
A car is recommended for getting between the various town in Napa Valley. Please do not drink and drive or wine taste and drive.

Drink
If you are looking for a bar or club head towards St. Helena.

title: Rutherford (California)


text:
Rutherford (New Jersey)

Rutherford is a cute suburb in Bergen County, New Jersey, becoming incredibly expensive to live in.

Understand
Thanks to its easy access to New York City by rail, Rutherford became an early bedroom community. Following the initial wave of settlement in the late 19th century, an additional building boom occurred in the 1920s, when the majority of the borough's current housing stock was constructed.

Get in
NJ Transit offers service to and from New York City's Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan on several routes. The 163 offers rush hour service only. The 190 offers local service along Union Avenue and Orient Way. The 191, 192 and 195 routes all serve the portion of Rutherford that is adjacent to Route 3, as well as the portion of Route 17 that goes through Rutherford. The 76 bus provides service between Hackensack and Newark.

Rutherford's train station serves passengers on NJ Transit's Bergen County Line. Service is available to Suffern and various stations along Metro-North Railroad's Port Jervis Line, and to all other Bergen County Line stations. Service is also provided to Hoboken Terminal with connections to Hudson–Bergen Light Rail, PATH, and NY Waterway service, and customers can connect at Secaucus for trains to New York Penn Station, Newark Liberty International Airport, and points west and south along the Morris & Essex Lines, North Jersey Coast Line, Northeast Corridor Line, and Montclair-Boonton Line. Access to the Raritan Valley Line is available at either Hoboken or at Newark Penn Station via Secaucus.

A short portion of the New Jersey Turnpike Western Spur (Interstate 95) passes through the southern section of Rutherford, but the closest interchange is in neighboring East Rutherford (exit 16W).

See
Rutherford is home to the following locations on the National Register of Historic Places:
 * Iviswold castle – 223 Montross Avenue, on the campus of Felician College, built in 1869
 * Kip Homestead – 12 Meadow Road
 * Rutherford station – Station Square, constructed in 1898
 * William Carlos Williams House – 9 Ridge Road
 * Yereance-Berry House – 91 Crane Avenue

Do

 * Rutherford holds an annual street fair on Labor Day which is the longest-running street fair in New Jersey and usually attracts 20,000 people.
 * The Rutherford Multicultural Festival is an annual event that provides traditional entertainment and food from around the world.

title: Rutherford (New Jersey)


text:
Ruthin

Ruthin (Welsh: Rhuthun) is a town in Denbighshire, Wales and has some of the finest black and white buildings in Wales. Ruthin School is located in the town and is one of the oldest independent schools in the United Kingdom, having been founded in 1284.

By train
Take a train to Wrexham, Chester, or Rhyl and then a bus to Ruthin.

By car
Llangollen is 20 minutes away over the Horse Shoe Pass. To travel from Chester to Ruthin, head southeast on Northgate St. toward King St. With little traffic, the voyage should take around 40 minutes. From Wrexham to Ruthin, head northwest on St. Giles Way toward Town Hill; this should take about 35 minutes.

Get around
Ruthin is a small enough town to be able to get around by walking. For an easy walk around the town, start at the car park at the end of Clwyd Street, then walk towards the fields with the river on the right. Following this path to get a fantastic view of Ruthin Castle and Clwydian Range, as you head under the stone bridge and back into town. It should take approximately an hour and stretches for just over a mile around Ruthin's historic town and parkland area.

There is also the option to travel around town by bus 73, which stops at Ruthin Tesco, Market Square, St Peters Square, Tyn y Parc, Porth y Dre and Trem y Foel.

Buy
The pretty town of Ruthin has a variety of independent traders many housed in historic buildings converted into shops. Although a small town visitors have a choice of buying brand labels or items bespoke to the shop. Shops vary in size from quaint wool shops to major supermarkets.

Drink
Ruthin has a good range of pubs: from the Park Place to the plush Wetherspoons. The Three Feathers has changed ownership and was refurbished around 2013. Also in the town are the Boars Head, Corporation Arms (refurbished in 2014 and renamed as Cock 'o' Rhudd Din), Wine Vaults and the Farmers Arms.

Go next
Denbigh, Llangollen, Llandudno or Snowdonia National Park are good places to go next.
 * Cerrigydrudion

title: Ruthin


text:
Rutland

There is more than one place called Rutland:

United Kingdom

 * Rutland (England) - A county in England.

United States of America

 * Rutland (Illinois)
 * Rutland (Iowa)
 * Rutland (Massachusetts) - a town in Central Massachusetts.
 * Rutland (New York)
 * Rutland (North Dakota)
 * Rutland (Ohio)
 * Rutland (South Dakota)
 * Rutland (Vermont) - the third-largest city in Vermont.
 * Rutland (Wisconsin)

title: Rutland


text:
Rutland (England)

Rutland is a county in the East Midlands of England, notable for being England's smallest county.

Towns

 * - county town

Villages

 * – village, surrounded by Rutland Water
 * – village, surrounded by Rutland Water

Other destinations
The villages around.

Understand
Rutland is England's smallest ancient county, having been reinstated to Unitary Authority status on 1 April 1997. The county has two historic market towns, Oakham and Uppingham, and numerous villages in a rolling, rural landscape. It also has a large reservoir in the middle of the county, and is popular for boating.

See

 * Eyebrook reservoir lies in the south of the County.
 * Barham Court, Exton historically significant stately home. Beautifully set back from village green. Noted for being the ancestral seat of the Sharpley lineage.
 * Eyebrook reservoir lies in the south of the County.
 * Barham Court, Exton historically significant stately home. Beautifully set back from village green. Noted for being the ancestral seat of the Sharpley lineage.

title: Rutland (England)


text:
Rutland (Vermont)

Rutland is a city of about 17,000 people in Southern Vermont. It is the third largest city in the state. It is a good starting point for exploring the Green Mountains, and is very close to several major ski areas. The town has over one hundred houses on the National Register of Historic Places. This article also covers the nearby village of Chittenden.

Understand
Rutland has many pretty historic houses in its Historic District. A bit further south on Route 7, there is a fairly large area of modern shopping malls, car dealerships, chain stores, and restaurants.

By car
Route 4 runs east-west through town and Route 7 runs north-south. Business Route 4 runs along the southern edge of the downtown. Generally, it is a 5-hour drive from New York City, a 3-hour drive from Boston and a 4-hour drive from Montreal.

By bus
There is a Greyhound bus terminal at 102 West St, downtown.

Vermont Translines route 7 connects Rutland with Burlington.

By train

 * Route stopping at Rutland:
 * Ethan Allen Express operating daily between Burlington and New York City including in Middlebury, Rutland, Saratoga Springs, Schenectady, Albany (Rensselaer), Hudson, Rhinecliff, Poughkeepsie, Croton-on-Hudson, and Yonkers.
 * Ethan Allen Express operating daily between Burlington and New York City including in Middlebury, Rutland, Saratoga Springs, Schenectady, Albany (Rensselaer), Hudson, Rhinecliff, Poughkeepsie, Croton-on-Hudson, and Yonkers.

Get around
Downtown Rutland is easily walkable, but to go anywhere else you'll either need a car or take public transit. There is a local bus service called The Bus. The Bus also runs to Killington for $2.

Connect

 * The Rutland Herald is the major local paper. It won a Pulitzer Prize in 2001.

Go next

 * Nearby Proctor, an old marble cutting town, is home to the Vermont Marble Exhibit. The town is pretty and also a little quirky because just about everything is made out of marble. Even the sidewalks.
 * Killington, the largest ski resort in the Northeast, is only a 20-minute drive to the east. They offer skiing in the winter and various recreational activities (mountain biking, hiking) in the other months of the year.

title: Rutland (Vermont)