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Brazilian Portuguese phrasebook

Brazilian Portuguese (português brasileiro) is the variety of Portuguese spoken in Brazil. European Portuguese differs from the Brazilian variety in pronunciation, as well as in some vocabulary, though the written language is much closer than the oral. Due to the wide distribution of Brazilian television programs to the rest of the Portuguese-speaking world, many speakers in the Eastern Hemisphere can converse with Brazilians without great difficulty. Brazilians may have difficulty understanding certain words, especially slang terms, in European Portuguese but in general, if spoken slowly, educated speakers of either variety of Portuguese can understand each other.

Alphabet
The Portuguese alphabet (alfabeto) has 23 letters, plus 3 foreign ones. Accented vowels, cedillas (see below), diphthongs, digraphs (including ch), etc. do not count separately. The alphabet is a b c d e f g h i j l m n o p q r s t u v x z with additional characters á à â ã ç é ê í ó ô õ ú. By far the most common diphthong is ão. The alphabet, when pronounced, is similar to Spanish: á bê cê dê é efe gê agá i jota ele eme ene ó pê quê erre esse tê u vê xis zê. The letters k (ká), w (dábliu), and y (ípsilon) are usually used only in words of foreign origin. In Brazil, this includes most of the indigenous languages, as their writing was developed by German anthropologists. Words such as  Kayapó, Wapishana, and Yanomami refer to the names of a few of these indigenous tribes.

Written vs. spoken
In Brazil, spoken language can be very different from written language and official grammar, confusing non-native speakers. While gíria (slang) is common and difficult to understand, it is generally not used around foreigners. Less educated people are likely to use slang a lot. The written language is also much closer to Spanish than what is spoken. But make no mistake, Brazilian Portuguese is phonetically much closer to modern Galician than to European Portuguese, let alone Spanish. If you're a Spanish speaker and try speaking "portuñol", people will most likely look at you in confusion and wonder what you're saying, if not going into "what a stupid gringo" mode.

Gender, plurals, and adjectives
To avoid duplication, see wikibooks. Also, Portuguese words ending in _ão are often, but not always, feminine. Their plurals, most of the time, simply replace _ão with _ões. (Example: a televisão, as televisões) To be sure, look it up in a dictionary. Even words that are the same in both English and Portuguese can be different in plural form, depending on the last letter. Example: 1 hotel (oh TEL), 2 hotéis (oh TAYS).

In Portuguese, the names of most countries of the world take the definite article, inflected according to the name's gender and number, e.g. 'o Brasil', 'o Peru', 'a Argentina', 'o Chile', 'os Estados Unidos da América', 'a China', 'o Japão', 'o Timor-Leste', 'as Filipinas'. The same is true for a few cities: Oporto in Portugal, 'o Rio de Janeiro', 'o Recife', 'o Prado' in Bahia, 'o Gama', 'o Guará' and 'a Ceilândia' near Brasília in Brazil. By contrast, calling The Hague 'a Haia' in a Brazilian Portuguese-speaking environment is somewhat pedantic, however correct, 'Haia' will do. Surprisingly, Portugal itself has no gender or article, along with most African Portuguese-speaking countries; the exception is 'a Guiné-Bissau'. For Lusophones, the funniest Portuguese-born toponym ever has always been a República dos Camarões, literally "The Shrimps' Republic".

Pronouns for "you"
These can be a little confusing, especially for those transitioning from other Romance languages to Brazilian Portuguese. Originally in Portugal, the archaic Vossa Mercê, "Your Mercy", which in Brazil got shorter, vosmecê, and finally became você (vou-SAY), with its plural Vossas Mercês / vosmecês / vocês (vou-SAYS), were the formal "You"; tu  and the plural vós were the informal, with all four having conjugations of their own. In the Brazilian contemporary context, vós is only used to address God in prayer, and tu is properly conjugated only in certain areas of the North and Northeast. Elsewhere, tu is usually followed by the same verb endings as você. Thus, most Brazilians do not use the verb endings for the 2nd person, making it much easier to learn just the 1st and 3rd person. However, they do use informally the 2nd person pronouns te ([to] you), ti ([for] you), teu/tua[s] (yours), contigo (with you), very similarly to Spanish and French (some highbrow university professors will even thus use vosso/vossa[s] and convosco in class). Since this eliminates much of the grammar-based formality, to be formal, replace you with o senhor (oh sen-YOUR) for a man, a senhora (ah sen-YOUR-ah) for a woman, and a senhorita (ah sen-your-REE-tah) for a young unmarried lady. This can also be done just before their name (equivalent to Mr., Mrs., and Miss respectively), or it can be spoken by itself initially (with or without a name) in order to get someone's attention.

Dropping the plural
Informal speech in Brazil may avoid the plural altogether by using a gente (the people) for we and todo mundo (everybody) for they. Both forms use 3rd person singular. There's a subtle difference between todo mundo (everybody) and todo o mundo (all the world). Outside Brazil, toda a gente substitutes todo mundo. Unfortunately, this isn't much of a shortcut, as the we form is by far the easiest, and the they form is still needed for objects.

It is also becoming common to see people dropping the final S in the nouns as it happens in French. So words like "as casas" are spoken as "as casa". However, in written form, that is not accepted.

Other pronouns
It is very common (though technically incorrect) to use ele/a as the object pronoun for "it." Eu encontrei ele. I found it. If the "it" is intangible, best to change to the Portuguese genderless word for "this." Amo muito tudo isso. I'm loving it.

 * eu (think of the A in "say", Aw): I
 * tu (too): you (informal, with incorrectly conjugated verbs. Semi-formal in some northern and northeastern regional accents, but seldom used elsewhere)
 * ele (A-lee): he, it (m)
 * ela (homophonic to Ella Fitzgerald): she, it (f)

 * nós (noise): we
 * vós (voise): you — plural (nowadays, only found on ancient and biblical texts)
 * eles (A-lease): they, them (mixed gender ok)
 * elas (EH-lass): they, them (all females/feminine)

Avoid confusion with third person possessives
Possessives are used like the definite articles (o,a, os, as) and are genderized by what is being possessed—not who possesses them (as in English his/her). Also, the definite article precedes the possessive in most dialects. (The main exception is Northeast Brazil, including Salvador, Bahia.) Beware, seu(s) and sua(s) can either mean your (second person), or his/her/their (third person). The default is the second person. Only if there is no possibility that it could belong to "you" is the use in the third person allowed. (Exception: if the tu or vós forms are being used, then seu/sua become the 3rd person and teu/tua or vosso/vossa are used instead .) Sua boca = your mouth. Seu carro = your car. But if you don't have a car, then it means "his or her car." If you do have a car, and they want to talk about someone else's car, then they have to say o carro dele (the car of his), or o carro dela (the car of hers). Notice that dele/dela (unlike regular possessives) are based on who possesses them (like English). This can be very confusing and requires practice.

Note the feminine possessive pronoun sua becomes the masculine his in English
 * a sua namorada    his girlfriend   Assuming she's not your girlfriend (spoken by another person), as this would have priority unless tu (i.e. teu/tua) is being used.

In this case, le is masculine. Normally translated as just "his girlfriend."
 * a namorada dele    literally: the girlfriend of his

Verbs
This topic is much too complex for a phrasebook. In general though, infinitive verbs (i.e. as found in the dictionary) end in _ar, _er, and _ir (like Spanish) plus there's one irregular infinitive pôr (to put). A lot of the most common verbs are irregular, and must be memorized (except in the we form, most of the time). Você, ele, ela, (and usually tu in Brazil -- see above) share the same verb set, as do (separately) vocês, eles, and elas. By not using the second person, you also avoid having to change verbal commands when switching from affirmative to negative: (you) go vá, (you) don't go não vá, but with tu it's vai (affirmative) and não vás (negative) which is more complicated.

Pronunciation guide
Portuguese has both nasal vowels and reduced vowels. Nearly everyone struggles to learn them correctly. If you don't reduce the vowels, you will still be understood, but sound over-enunciating. If you don't nasalize the vowels, you can easily be misunderstood: mão means "hand", while mau means "bad." So, be extra careful not to ouch the ão sound. For starters, try something in between English no and now for não (which means English no). Start practicing with words whose preceding consonant doesn't have much lip movement. For example, não is easier than pão (bread). A good native pronunciation of this diphthong will take lots of listening and practice. The nasals are transcribed as "ng", but don't pronounce "ng" as a consonant.

Brazilian and Luso (European Portuguese) pronunciation differ, and within Brazil, there are regional differences as well. The Brazilian variant used here is generally based on the São Paulo pronunciation.

Vowels and accents
Accentuation

Statistically speaking, most Brazilian Portuguese words are paroxytones (stressed on the second-to-last syllable). If in doubt, remember this. Proparoxytones (third-to-last syllable), such as último (OOL-chee-moo, last) and próximo (PRAW-see-moo, next), are very rare and will always bear an accent. Oxytones (last syllable) such as the male names José (zhoo-ZED, mouth open), João (zhoo-AWNG), Tomé (tom-MET, mouth open), Luís (lew-EES), André (unDREAD, with a short Spanish "El Rey" R, and the mouth open), Valdir (vow-JEER), Cauã (kow-AHM, mouth open), Simão (see-MOWNG) and Iberê (ee-bay-RAY, with a short Spanish "El Rey" R, and the mouth open) are often clearly marked as well. If you encounter tricky words such as the lawyer's term acórdão (ah-CORE-down), remember that the stress is marked by the acute accent, not the tilde.

Similar to Spanish: Words ending in -a, -e, -o, -m, or -s are stressed on the next to the last syllable. Words ending in any consonant except -m or -s are stressed on the last syllable. (Portuguese words end in m instead of n.)

Dissimilar to Spanish: Words ending in -i and -u are stressed on the last syllable. This includes the nasal vovels -im and -um. (The final -m is not pronounced as a consonant here.)

Exceptions to the above will have an accent mark. This is why the word táxi is accented in Portuguese, but not in Spanish.

While in many languages, the accent mark indicates the stress, and the vowel used indicates the sound, Portuguese sometimes reverses this concept (though not in the same word). The accent mark shortens the vowel sound, and which of two vowels a word ends with determines the stress, but both have the same sound. However, accent marks have priority in determining which syllable is stressed.

Words ending in -e and -i have the same sound (ee), but -e is stressed on the next to the last syllable, and -i is stressed on the last syllable. The diphthong ei is used for the long "a" (as in weigh) sound at the end of a stressed syllable.

Words ending in -o and -u have the same sound (oo), but -o is stressed on the next to the last syllable, and -u is stressed on the last syllable. The diphthong ou is used for the long "o" (as in four) sound at the end of a stressed syllable.

Vowels

See also the diphthong ei
 * a : like father
 * ã : like the u in the English word hum (nasal)
 * e : like set, say, or eight. At the end of words it is pronounced as a short ee.
 * closed e : like herd. Often spelled with an accent mark: ê
 * é : like let

 * i : like machine
 * o : Usually rounded (like in cold) except at the end of a word, when it is pronounced as a short oo, as in the English word to. See also the diphthong ou.
 * open o : like in hot. Also spelled ó
 * ô : like in low.
 * õ : say mown or song with mouth open, end nasally
 * u : like soup or book

Consonants
Regional accents have somewhat been homogenized by mass media, but still vary widely. The Luso speech's sonic trait of "windsurfing between the vowels", rarely unmentioned by comparative phonology scholars, is very present in the "carioca", "maranhense" and "paraense" regional accents. The Paulista and southern accents are very influenced by Italian and Spanish immigration, and will accordingly roll their R's; elsewhere, a more English "H" sound (or the French R) is used instead. The M is also nasalised at the end of words (sim, mim) and the English "M" sound should be dropped even if the next word begins with a vowel. In this phrasebook, it's represented by an N (the closest possible sound). Also, be careful with words containing "Te" and "Ti" (see below).

fresta (FRES-tah)  a loophole hora (OH-rah)  hour, time
 * b : like 'b' in "bed"
 * c : like 'c' in "cat"
 * ce     ci : like in cell and civil.
 * ç : like 's' in soft or super.   The mark below the letter "c" is called a cedilla in English or cedilha in Portuguese. It is used to force the soft C before vowels other than E or I.
 * d : like 'd' in "dog". Like 'j' in "jump" when before an "i" or "e"
 * f : like 'f' in "father"
 * g : like 'g' in "good". Same as the d above, the letter is never softened between vowels as in Spanish. Example: foguete (foo-GHETT-chee, rocket)
 * ge     gi : like 's' in pleasure
 * h : Silent. See Common digraphs below and r and rr for the English "h" sound. Note: many Spanish words starting with this silent "H" begin with "F" in Portuguese (and in other Romance languages) such as "hacer" v.s "fazer" (to do).
 * j : like 's' in pleasure
 * k : Found only in words of foreign origin, so pronounce accordingly. See letters c and q for the English "k" sound.
 * l : like 'l' in "love". The final L is vocalised (like in "cold"). Brazilians will make it a "u" sound (like in "mal" sounding like the English "ow", as in "now".) Unlike English, words ending in L are normally stressed on the final syllable. Example: capital (cah-pee-TAU)
 * m... : like 'm' in "mother".
 * ...m : Nasalizes the preceding vowel, and is dropped at the end of a word.
 * n : like nice. Nasalizes the preceding vowel and is silent when followed by a consonant. (See Common digraphs below.)
 * p : like 'p' in "pig"
 * q : like "unique". Qu is usually followed by e  or i   as a way to get the k sound. Words with qua will sound just as 'qua' in the English word "quack".
 * r...: like 'h' in "help", only harder. See also RR in Common Digraphs below.  It's often pronounced like a Spanish J.
 * ...r : like 'r' in "Harry".
 * ...r... : like the Spanish 'r'.
 * Examples:

 * s : like "hiss" at the beginning of words, "haze" between vowels, "sure" in final position/before consonants in Rio de Janeiro, or as s elsewhere (like the regular plural ending sound in English).

...te   (if unstressed, i.e. no accent mark) te + a... (the 'a' is pronounced in the next syllable) ti  (in any syllable) like 'chee' in cheese Note this is completely different from Spanish teatro (chee-AHT-roh)  theatre tipo (CHEE-po)  type rotina (ho-CHEE-nah)  routine assisti (ah-sist-CHEE)  I watched/helped/attended teste (TES-chee)  test até (ah-TEH)  until
 * t : like 't' in "top"
 * Examples:

 * v : like 'v' in "victory"
 * w : Found only in words of foreign origin, so pronounce accordingly. Mostly pronounced as 'v' (Volkswagen) or 'u' (Wilson).
 * x : like "box", "shoe", "zip" or even "yes". The correct pronunciation of the X is not easy to deduce. It is usually pronounced like sh before a vowel, and "ks" if preceding another consonant (but not always).
 * y : Found only in words of foreign origin, so pronounce accordingly. The digraph lh sounds like a "ly". (see Common digraphs below)
 * z : like 'z' in "zebra," or like a soft s when final ("paz", "luz")

Common diphthongs
Two vowels together not listed as diphthongs usually means a hiato, or syllable split. Example: ia in Bahia (bah-EE-ah). Any accent mark (not counting the tilde such as ão and õe) will split a diphthong into two regular vowels (see above).

 * am : same as ã and â, but unstressed     andam (AHN-downg)   they walk (nasal)
 * ai : like bike (often equivalent to Spanish 'AY')       praia   beach
 * aí  (with an accent) : Not a diphthong; just a, (new syllable), stressed i     saída (sah-EE-dah) exit
 * ão : similar to uwng (u as in cup)      dão    they give (nasal)
 * ao : used only in contractions, and the same sound as au below
 * au : like house       Manaus   THE city in the Amazon River

 * ei : like say (best equivalent to Spanish 'E')      meio (MAY-oo)   half.
 * eu : the e vowel (similar to the A in "say") plus a w semivowel, very unheard in English      Europa   Europe
 * em : like reign    viagem   travel or journey; Belém (bay-LEIGN) do Pará (nasal).
 * ói : like boy      constrói   he constructs
 * oi : like the British Oi!      oito   eight
 * om : same as õ, but closing the mouth with a brief M afterwards;     som    sound  (nasal)
 * ou : as in own   false diphthong   (pronounced the same as the Portuguese vowel 'Ô')     sou (sô)    I am   Do not pronounce as "OY  " as in Spanish. Doing so is portuñol and will mark you as a gringo.
 * õe : nasal oi    ele põe   he puts; Luís Vaz de Camões (nasal)
 * um : like room     algum some (nasal)

Common digraphs
chuva (SHOO-vah)  rain velho (VEL-yo)  old
 * ch : like machine (sh sound)  Completely different from Spanish. In Brazil, letter t when followed by i or final e  produces the Spanish & English "ch" sound (see above).
 * Example:
 * lh : like million (equivalent to Spanish LL)  Note:  Spanish words starting with "LL" very often convert to "CH" (with the sh sound) in Portuguese (see above)
 * Example:

banho (BAN-yo)  bath;   piranha (pee-RAHN-yah) man-eating fish, also pejorative term for "prostitute" honra (ON-ha)  honor cachorro (cah-SHOW-ho)   dog assado (ah-SAH-doo, roasted); casado (cah-ZAH-doo, married) / cassado (cah-SAH-doo, debarred from office)
 * ...nh... : like canyon (equivalent to Spanish Ñ and NI, but note that Ñ most often becomes just N in Portuguese)
 * Examples:
 * ...nr... : the r is pronounced like help
 * Example:
 * ...rr... : In Brazil, like help (same as R at the beginning of a word).
 * Example:
 * ...ss... : prevents the S becoming Z between vowels.
 * Examples:

European vs. Brazilian Portuguese
Besides pronunciation differences, there are also significant lexical differences between European and Brazilian Portuguese. As an example, Brazilian Portuguese only uses você as the singular second person pronoun, while European Portuguese distinguishes between the casual tu and the polite você.

The table below provides some common words that differ between the two varieties.

The numbering system is also different: Portugal uses the long scale, while Brazil uses the short scale.

Phrase list
To ask a question in Portuguese use rising intonation to distinguish it from a statement. This will seem natural as English also uses rising intonation in questions, but Portuguese has no equivalent for Do...?, Did...?, Don't...?, etc.

Also, note in the following example that você (you) -- not tem (have) -- is the first word in the question. Without the question mark, it is no different than a statement. Reversing the first two words (as is often done in Spanish and English) is irrelevant in Portuguese.

Example

 * (Do) you have a battery for this? :  Você tem uma pilha para isto?  (voh-SAY teng U-mah PEEL-yah PAH-rah EES-toh?)

Basics

 * Good Morning (lit. Good Day) : Bom dia. (bon JEE-ah)
 * Good Afternoon : Boa tarde. (BOW-ah TAR-jee)
 * Good Evening / Good Night : Boa noite. (BOW-ah NOY-chee)
 * Hello. (informal, very similar to the Cockney greeting) : Oi (Oi!)
 * Thank you. (said by a man) : Obrigado. (ob-ree-GAH-doo) lit. "I'm obliged"
 * Thank you. (said by a woman) : Obrigada. (ob-ree-GAH-dah) lit. "I'm obliged"
 * How are you?: Como está? (KOH-moh es-TAH?) or Como vai você? (KOH-moh vahy voh-SAY?)
 * Are you all right? : Tudo bem? (TOO-do BENG?) or Tudo bom? (bon)
 * Fine, thank you. : Bem, obrigado/a (BENG, ob-ree-GAH-doo/dah). Also, you can informally say "All well/good", Tudo bem/bom.
 * Everything is OK. (Lit. "All is well") : Tudo bem (TOO-do BENG. TOO-do oKAY works just as fine).
 * What is your name? (Lit. "How are you called?"): Como se chama? (KOH-moh se SHA-ma?)
 * What is your name? (Literal): Qual é o seu nome? (kwahl eh oh SAY-oo NOH-mee?)
 * My name is ______ . : Meu nome é ______ . (mehoo NOM-ee ey _____ .)
 * Nice to meet you. : Muito prazer (em conhecê-lo). (MOOY-to prah-ZEHR eng koh-nye-SEH-lo) The final part is dropped in informal speech.
 * Please (Lit. "As a favor") : Por favor. (pohr fah-VOHR)
 * You're welcome (Lit. "For nothing") : De nada. (je NAH-dah)
 * Yes. : Sim. (SIN(G))
 * No. : Não. (NAWN(G))
 * Remember the Portuguese "no" doesn't mean a negation as in English and Spanish—but rather "in the" as a contraction of em + o (Spanish en el). Such contractions are common in Portuguese. Não falo inglês no Brasil. I don't speak English in Brazil.

 * No (not any) + noun : Nenhum(a) (neh-NYOONG(-ah))
 * Excuse me. (getting attention) : Com licença (kong lee-SEN-sa)
 * Excuse me. (begging pardon) : Desculpe-me. (dees-KUL-pee-mee; Brazilians often shorten it to "Desculpa", dees-KUL-pah)
 * I'm sorry. : Desculpe. (dees-KUL-pay)
 * I'm sorry. (Lit. "pardon") : Perdão. (pehr-DAWNG)
 * Goodbye (permanent, lit. "to God") : Adeus. (uh-DEOOS)
 * Bye (informal, identical to Italian ciao) : Tchau. (CHOW)
 * See you soon : Até logo (ah-TEH LOH-goh), até breve (ah-TEH BRAH-vee)
 * I can't speak Portuguese [well]. : Não falo [bem] português. (NOWNG FAH-loo [bay(n)] poor-too-GEHS)
 * I only speak English.: Só falo inglês.
 * Do you speak English?: Fala inglês? (fah-la in-GLES?)
 * Is there someone here who speaks English? : Há aqui alguém que fale inglês? (AH ah-KEE al-GENG keh FAH-lee ing-GLES?)
 * Help! : Socorro! (soo-KOH-hoo!)
 * Good afternoon (also early evening) : Boa tarde. (BO-ah TAR-jee)
 * Good evening (also nighttime) : Boa noite. (BO-ah NOI-chee)
 * I don't understand. : Não compreendo/entendo. (NOWNG kom-pree-EN-doo/een-TEN-doo)
 * Where is the toilet? : Onde é o banheiro? (OND-de / OND-jee eh o bahn-YAIR-row?)

Problems
Note the first two syllables of the pronunciation of "médico" will sound to English speakers more like "magic" than "medic."
 * Leave me alone. : Deixe-me em paz. (DEY-sheh meh eng PIZE) rhymes with "size"
 * Don't touch me! : Não me toque! (NOWNG meh TOH-keh!)
 * I'll call the police. : Vô chamar a polícia. (VOU-oo shah-MAH a poh-LEE-see-ah)
 * Police! : Polícia! (poh-LEE-see-ah!)  The second syllable is stressed, unlike Spanish. "Policía" is portuñol.
 * Stop! Thief! : Pára! Ladrão! (PAH-rah! lah-DROWNG!)
 * I need your help. : Preciso da sua ajuda. (preh-SEE-zoo dah SOO-ah ah-ZHOO-dah)
 * It's an emergency. : É uma emergência. (EH oo-mah eh-mer-ZHENG-see-ah)
 * I'm lost. : Estou perdido(a). (esTOW per-JEE-doo/dah)
 * I lost my bag. : Perdi a minha mala [bolsa]. (per-JEE a meen-yah MAH-lah)
 * I lost my wallet. : Perdi a minha carteira.(per-JEE ah MEE-nyah cahr-TAY-rah)
 * I'm sick. : Estou doente. (es-TOW doo-AYN-chee )
 * I've been injured. : Estou ferido/da. (es-TOW feh-REE-doo/dah)
 * I need a doctor. : Preciso de um médico. (preh-SEE-zoo deh oong MEH-jee-koo)
 * Can I use your phone? : Posso usar o seu telefone? (POH-soo oo-ZAR oo seoo teh-leh-FOW-nee?)

Numbers
Note: Spanish speakers need to practice pronunciation of Portuguese numbers to be understood, even though they are quite similar in written form. Give particular attention to dropped middle syllables in numbers 7, 9, and 10, and those ending in te (pronounced as chee). Also, don't confuse cento for "cents" or "centavos," as it refers to "hundreds."

 * 1 : um(m)/uma(f) (oong / OO-mah)
 * 2 : dois(m)/duas(f) (dois / DOO-as)
 * 3 : três (tres)
 * 4 : quatro (KWAH-troh)
 * 5 : cinco (SING-koo)
 * 6 : seis/meia (seys/mey-ah) Use meia in a numerical series (e.g. phone numbers, postal codes, etc.) to prevent confusion with "três". "Meia" is short for "meia-dúzia" (half-a-dozen).
 * 7 : sete (SEH-tchee )
 * 8 : oito (OY-too)
 * 9 : nove ( NOH-vee)
 * 10 : dez (deys)
 * 11 : onze ( ONG-zee )
 * 12 : doze (DOH-zee )
 * 13 : treze (TRE-zee )
 * 14 : catorze (kah-TOH-zee)
 * 15 : quinze (KEENG-zee)
 * 16 : dezesseis (deh-zee-SEYS)
 * 17 : dezessete (deh-zee-SEH-tchee)
 * 18 : dezoito (deh-ZOY-too)
 * 19 : dezenove (dee-zee-NOH-vee)
 * 20 : vinte (VEEN-chee)
 * 21 : vinte e um/uma (VEEN-chee ee oong/OO-mah)
 * 22 : vinte e dois/duas (VEEN-chee ee doyss/DOO-as)
 * 23 : vinte e três (VEEN-chee ee trezh)
 * 30 : trinta (TREEN-tah)
 * 40 : quarenta (kwah-REN-tah)
 * 50 : cinqüenta (sing-KWEN-tah)
 * 60 : sessenta (seh-SEN-tah)
 * 70 : setenta (seh-TEN-tah)
 * 80 : oitenta (oy-TEN-tah)
 * 90 : noventa (no-VEN-tah)
 * 100 : cem (seng)
 * 101 : cento e um/a (SENG-too ee oong/OO-mah)
 * 102 : cento e dois/duas (SEHN-too ee doyss/DOO-ahs)
 * 103 : cento e três (SEHN-too ee trehs)
 * 110 : cento e dez (SEHN-too ee dehs)
 * 125 : cento e vinte e cinco (SEHN-too ee VEEN-chee ee SEEN-koo)
 * 200 : duzentos/as (doo-ZEHN-toos/as)
 * 300 : trezentos/as (tre-ZEHN-toos/as)
 * 400 : quatrocentos/as (kwah-troo-SEHN-toos)
 * 500 : quinhentos/as (keen-YENG-toos)
 * 600 : seiscentos/as (sayss-SEHN-toos)
 * 700 : setecentos/as (seh-tchee-SEN-toos)
 * 800 : oitocentos/as (oy-too-SEHN-toos)
 * 900 : novecentos/as (no-vee-SEHN-toos )
 * 1000 : mil (meeu)
 * 2000 : dois mil (doyss meeu)
 * 1,000,000 : um milhão (oong meel-YOWNG)

For numbers 1,000,000,000 and above, Brazilian Portuguese uses the short scale, while European Portuguese uses the long scale

 * 1,000,000,000 : um bilhão
 * 1,000,000,000,000 : um trilhão

 * number _____ (train, bus, etc.) : número _____ (NU-may-ro)
 * half : metade (me-TAHD-jee)
 * less : menos (MEH-noos)
 * more : mais (mighs)

Time

 * now : agora (ah-GOH-rah)
 * later : depois (the Powy's)
 * before : antes de (ANches jee)
 * morning : manhã (mah-NYAHNG)
 * afternoon : tarde (TAHR-jee)
 * evening : Use night ("noite") for evening.  Unlike English, "boa noite" means "good evening" and "good night".
 * night : noite (NOI-tchee)

Clock time
Note: In a sentence add é just before one o'clock, noon and midnight, and são just before two through eleven o'clock. (English equivalent of "it is..."). Unlike Spanish, the definite article (Span. la; Port. a) is not used.

 * one o'clock AM : uma hora da manhã (uma OH-ra dah man-yah)
 * two o'clock AM : duas horas da manhã (dua-ZOH-ras dah man-yah)
 * noon : meio-dia (mayo JEE-ah)
 * one o'clock PM : uma hora da tarde (uma OH-ra dah TAHR-jee)
 * two o'clock PM : duas horas da tarde (dua-ZOH-ras dah TAHR-jee)
 * half past three PM : três e meia da tarde (tray-zee MEY-ah dah TARD-jee)
 * midnight : meia-noite (MAY-ah NOY-tchee)

Duration

 * _____ minute(s) : _____ minuto(s) (mee-NU-toh)
 * _____ hour(s) : _____ hora(s) (OH-ra)
 * _____ day(s) : _____ dia(s) (JEE-ah)
 * _____ week(s) : _____ semana(s) (seh-MAH-nah)
 * _____ month(s) : _____ mês(meses) (mayse)
 * _____ year(s) : _____ ano(s) (ahno)

Days

 * today : hoje (OHZH-gee)
 * yesterday : ontem (OHN-taym)
 * tomorrow : amanhã (a-mahn-YAHNG)
 * this week : esta semana (es-tah seh-MAH-nah)
 * last week : a semana passada (ah s'MAH-nah pah-SAH-dah)
 * next week : próxima semana (PRAW-see-mah s'MAH-nah)

 * Sunday : domingo (doh-MING-goo)
 * Monday : segunda-feira (seh-GOON-dah fey-rah)
 * Tuesday : terça-feira (TEHR-sah fey-rah)
 * Wednesday : quarta-feira (KWAR-tah fey-rah)
 * Thursday : quinta-feira (KEEN-tah fey-rah)
 * Friday : sexta-feira (SES-tah fey-rah)
 * Saturday : sábado (SAH-bah-doo)

Months

 * January : Janeiro (zhah-NEY-roo)
 * February : Fevereiro (fev-REY-roo)
 * March : Março (MAR-soo)
 * April : Abril (ah-BREEL)
 * May : Maio (MY-yo)
 * June : Junho (JUN-yoo)
 * July : Julho (JUHL-yoo)
 * August : Agosto (AGOS-too)
 * September : Setembro (S'tembroo)
 * October : Outubro (Ow-TOO-broo)
 * November : Novembro (No-VEM-broo)
 * December : Dezembro (D'ZEM-broo)

Writing time and date
21 de setembro de 2005, "vinte e um de setembro de dois mil e cinco"

Time is written with "h" as in French: 8h30; or with a colon ( : ). The 24-hour clock is often used.

Colors
Most adjectives change the final o to a in the feminine and add s to form the plural. If the adjective ends in "a", there is no separate masculine form.

 * black : preto (PREH-too)
 * white : branco (BRAHNG-koo)
 * gray : cinzento (sing-ZEHN-too)
 * red : vermelho (ver-MEH-lyoo)
 * blue : azul (ah-ZOOL), pl. azuis (ah-ZUees)
 * yellow : amarelo (ah-mah-REH-lo)
 * green : verde (VEHR-jee)
 * orange : laranja (lah-RANG-jah)
 * purple : roxo (HOH-show)
 * violet : violeta (vee-oh-LAY-tah)
 * pink : cor de rosa (Cohr jee HOH-sah)
 * brown (Port.): castanho (cah-STAHN-yoo)
 * brown (Brazil): marrom (mah-HON)
 * dark brown (skin) : moreno (mor-RAY-no) / (pele) morena (PAY-lee mor-RAY-nah)

Transportation

 * car : carro (KAH-roh),
 * taxi : táxi (TAHK-see)
 * bus : ônibus (ow-NEE-boos)
 * van : van
 * truck : caminhão (kah-MEE-nyown)
 * train : trem (trehn)
 * subway : metrô (meh-TROH)
 * ship : navio (NAH-vyoh)
 * boat : barco (BAHR-koh)
 * ferry : balsa (BAHL-sah)
 * helicopter : helicóptero (eh-lee-KOHP-teh-roo)
 * airplane : avião (ah-vee-AWNG)
 * airline : linha aérea (LEE-nyah ah-EH-reh-ah)
 * bicycle : bicicleta (bee-see-KLEH-tah); the term "bike" is very widespread
 * motorcycle : motocicleta (moh-toh-see-KLEH-tah) often shortened to "moto" or "motoca"
 * carriage : carruagem (kah-RWAH-zhehm) - In Brazil this word only refers to the old luxury horse-drawn wheeled vehicle
 * horse-drawn cart : carroça (kah-HOH-sah)

Bus and train

 * How much is a ticket to_____? : Quanto custa uma passagem para_____? (KWAHN-toh(too) KOOS-tah OO-mah pah-SAH-zheng [bee-LYEH-teh] PAH-rah_____?)
 * One ticket to_____, please. : Uma passagem para _____, por favor. (OO-mah pah-SAH-zheng PAH-rah_____, poor fah-VOHR)
 * Where does this train/bus go? : Para onde vai o trem/ônibus? (PAH-rah OHN-zhee vai oo trehm/OH-nee-boos?)
 * Where is the train/bus to_____? : Onde é o trem/ônibus para_____? (OHN-zhee EH oo trehm/OH-nee-boos PAH-rah_____?)
 * Does this train/bus stop in _____? : Este trem/ônibus pára em _____? (...)
 * When does the train/bus for _____ leave? : Quando sai o trem/ônibus para _____? (...)
 * When will this train/bus arrive in _____? : Quando chega este trem/ônibus a _____? (KWAHN-doo CHEH-gah EHS-chee trehm/OH-nee-boos ah_____?)

Directions

 * How do I get to _____ ? : Como vou _____ ? (KOH-moh vow) or Como chego _____ ? (KOH-moh SHAY-goh) Do NOT use the Portuguese word for "get"; use "go" or "arrive."
 * ...the train station? : ...à estação de trem? (AH ehs-tah-SOWN dje trehm?)
 * ...the bus station? : ...à rodoviária? (ah roh-doh-vee-A-reeah)
 * ...the airport? : ...ao aeroporto? (ow ah-eh-roo-POHR-too)
 * ...downtown? : ...ao centro? (ow SEN-troo)
 * ...the youth hostel? : ...à pousada de juventude? (Ah poo-ZAH-dah deh zhu-ven-TUD-jee)
 * ...the _____ hotel? : ...ao hotel _____? (ow oh-TEL)
 * ...a nightclub/bar? : ...a uma boate/bar/festa/farra? (...)
 * ...an Internet café? : ...a um lan house? (...)
 * ...the American/Canadian/Australian/British consulate? : ...ao consulado americano/canadense/australiano/britânico? (...)
 * Where are there a lot of... : Onde há muitos/muitas... (OHND ah MOOY-tos/tas...)
 * ...hotels? : ...hotéis? (oh-TEYS)
 * ...restaurants? : ...restaurantes? (res-tau-RAN-chees)
 * ...bars? : ...bares? (BAR-ees)
 * ...sites to see? : ...lugares para visitar? (loo-GAH-hes pah-rah vee-zee-TAR)
 * ...women? : ...mulheres? (moo-LYEH-res)
 * Can you show me on the map? : Pode me mostrar no mapa? (PAW-djee mee mo-STRAR noo MAH-pah?)
 * street : rua (HOO-ah)
 * Turn left. : Vire à esquerda. (VEER ah es-KEHR-dah)
 * Turn right. : Vire à direita. (VEER ah jee-RAY-tah)
 * left : esquerdo (es-KEHR-doo)
 * right : direito (jee-RAY-too)
 * straight ahead : sempre em frente (Sempree eim FREN-chee)
 * towards the _____ : na direção de _____ (nah jee-reh-SOWN dje)
 * past the _____ : depois de _____ (dePOYS deh)
 * before the _____ : antes de _____ (AN-chees deh)
 * Watch for the _____. : Procure o/a _____. (proh-KOO-reh oo/ah_____)
 * intersection : cruzamento (kroo-zah-MEN-too)
 * north : norte (NOHR-chee or nortch)
 * south : sul (sool)
 * east : leste (LES-chee)
 * west : oeste (oh-EHS-chee)
 * uphill : subida (soo-BEE-dah)
 * downhill : descida (deh-SEE-dah)
 * sloping street : ladeira (lah-DAY-rah)

Taxi

 * Taxi! : Táxi! (Tak-see)
 * Take me to _____, please. : Leve-me para _____, por favor. (...)
 * How much does it cost to get to _____? : Quanto custa ir para _____? (KWAN-to CUS-tah eer pah-rah______)
 * Take me there, please. : Leve-me lá, por favor. (...)
 * Follow that car! : Siga aquele carro! (SEEgah AHkelE CAH-hoo (Brazil))
 * Try to not hit any pedestrian. : Tente não atropelar nenhum pedestre. (...)
 * Stop staring at me this way! : Pare de olhar para mim desta maneira! (...)
 * Would you mind driving slower? : Importa-te (-se if formal) de conduzir mais devagar?
 * Stop, I want to get out here. : Pare-te (Para-se), quero sair aqui.
 * OK, let's go, then. : OK, então vamos. (Okay en-TAUM VAH-mos)

Lodging

 * Do you have any rooms available? : Tem quartos disponíveis? (teng KWAHR-toos dis-po-NEE-veys?)
 * How much is a room for one person/two people? : Quanto custa um quarto para uma/duas pessoa(s)? (KWAHN-too KOOS-tah oong KWAHR-too pah-rah OO-mah/DOO-as PESS-wa(s)?)
 * Does the room come with... : O quarto tem... (oo KWAHR-too teng)
 * ...bedsheets? : ...lençóis? (len-SOYSS?)
 * ...a bathroom? : ...um banheiro? (oom bah-NYAY-roh?)
 * ...a telephone? : ...um telefone? (teh-leh-FOW-nee)
 * ...a TV? : ...um televisor? (oon teh-leh-VEE-zor?)
 * May I see the room first? : Posso ver o quarto primeiro? (POH-soo vehr oo KWAHR-too pree-MAY-roo?)
 * Do you have anything quieter? : Tem algo mais calmo? (teng AHL-goo mighs KAHL-moo?)
 * ...bigger? : ...maior? (mah-YOHR?)
 * ...cleaner? : ...mais limpo? (mighs LIM-poo?)
 * ...cheaper? : ...mais barato? (mighs buh-RAH-too?)
 * OK, I'll take it. : OK, fico com ele. (FEE-coo com EL-ee)
 * I will stay for _____ night(s). : Ficarei _____ noite(s). (fee-car-AY _____ NO-ee-chee(s))
 * Can you suggest another hotel? : Pode sugerir outro hotel? (...)
 * Do you have a safe? : Tem um cofre? (...)
 * ...lockers? : ...cadeados? (...)
 * Is breakfast/supper included? : O café da manhã/ceia está incluído/a? (...)
 * What time is breakfast/supper? : A que horas é o café da manhã/ceia? (...)
 * Please clean my room. : Por favor limpe o meu quarto. (...)
 * Can you wake me at _____? : Pode acordar-me às _____? (...)
 * I want to check out. : Quero fazer o registo de saída. (...)

Money

 * Do you accept American/Australian/Canadian dollars? : Aceita dólares americanos/australianos/canadianos? (...)
 * Do you accept British pounds? : Aceita libras esterlinas? (...)
 * Do you accept credit cards? : Aceita cartões de crédito? (...)
 * Can you change money for me? : Pode trocar-me dinheiro? (...)
 * Where can I get money changed? : Onde posso trocar dinheiro? (ON-jee POH-soh troCAR dee-NYEY-roo)
 * What is the exchange rate? : Qual é a taxa de câmbio? (qual eh ah tasha d'cam-BEE-oh?)
 * Where is an automatic teller machine (ATM)? : Onde há um caixa eletrônico? (ON-jee ah oom KAEE-shah eleh-TROW-nee-koo)

Eating

 * A table for one person/two people, please. : Uma mesa para uma/duas pessoa(s), por favor. (...)
 * Can I look at the menu, please? : Posso ver o cardápio, por favor? (...)
 * Can I look in the kitchen? : Posso ver a cozinha, por favor? (...)
 * Is there a house specialty? : Ha uma especialidade da casa? (...)
 * Is there a local specialty? : Há uma especialidade local? (...)
 * I'm a vegetarian. : Sou vegetariano. (...)
 * I don't eat pork. : Não como porco. (...)
 * I only eat kosher food. : Só como kosher. (...)
 * Can you make it "lite", please? (less oil/butter/lard) : Pode fazê-lo mais "leve" (menos óleo, manteiga, banha), por favor? (...)
 * half portion : meia porção (MEY-a pour-SAWN)
 * full portion : porção inteira (pour-SAWN een-TAY-rah)
 * fixed-price meal : prato feito (PRAH-too FAY-too), often shortened to PF
 * à la carte : a la carte (ALlah KART-ee)
 * breakfast : café da manhã (cah-FEH dah man-YAHN) (Lit. coffee of the morning)
 * lunch : almoço (aw-MOW-soo)
 * snack : lanche (LAHN-shee)
 * supper : jantar (zhan-TAHR)
 * fruit-and-vegetable store : sacolão (sah-koh-LOWN)
 * bread store : padaria (pah-dah-REE-ah)
 * I want _____. : Quero _____. (KEH-roo ____)
 * I want a dish containing _____. : Quero um prato de _____. (KEH-roo oom PRAH-too jee ___.)
 * chicken : frango(FRAN-goo)
 * steak : bife (BEE-fee)
 * fish : peixe (peysh)
 * ham : presunto (pre-ZOON-too)
 * sausage : salsicha (sal-SEE-shah)
 * cheese : queijo (KAY-zhoo)
 * egg : ovo (OW-voo), pl. ovos (OH-voos)
 * salad : salada (sah-LAH-dah)
 * barbecue/roasted meat : churrasco (shoo-HAS-koo)
 * non-leafy vegetables : legumes (lay-GOO-meess)
 * (fresh) leafy vegetables : verduras (frescas)(vehr-DO-rass FRAY-skass)
 * (fresh) fruit : fruta (fresca) (FROO-tass FRAY-skass)
 * orange : laranja (lah-RAHN-zhah)
 * lime : limão (lee-MAWN)
 * apple : maçã (mah-SAN)
 * pineapple : abacaxi (ah-bah-kah-SHEE)
 * acerola : acerola (ah-se-ROH-lah)
 * cashew : caju (kah-ZHOO)In Brazil, this is the fruit; the nut is called castanha de caju (kash-TAH-nya ji kah-ZHOO).
 * guanabana, soursop : graviola (grah-vee-OH-lah)
 * starfruit : carambola (kah-ram-BOH-lah)
 * persimmon : caqui (kah-KEE)
 * strawberry : morango (moh-RAHNG-goo)
 * ice cream : sorvete (sowr-VAY-tah)
 * bread : pão (powng), pl. pães (pighngsh)
 * toast : torrada (tow-HAH-dah)
 * noodles : macarrão (mah-kah-RAWN)
 * rice : arroz (ah-ROZH)
 * whole grain : grão integral (grown een-cheh-GROWL)This is said of brown rice too (arroz integral, not arroz castanho).
 * beans : feijão (fay-ZHAWN) N.B. Do not confuse feijão, pl. feijões, beans, with the feijoa, a small guava-like fruit.
 * rice and beans : (the national staple food) arroz com feijão (ah-ROZH koom fay-ZHAWN)
 * May I have a glass of _____? : Quero um copo de _____? (...)
 * May I have a cup of _____? : Quero uma xícara de _____? (...)
 * May I have a bottle of _____? : Quero uma garrafa _____? (...)
 * coffee : café(kah-FEH)
 * tea (drink) : chá (shah)
 * juice : suco (SOO-koh)
 * (bubbly) water : água com gás (AH-gwah koom GAHS)
 * water : água (AH-gwah)
 * beer : cerveja (ser-VAY-zhah)
 * yerba mate : erva-mate/tererê/chimarrão (ehr-vah mah-TEH / _MAH-chee / teh-reh-REH / shee-mah-HOWN)
 * red/white wine : vinho tinto/branco (VEEN-yoo TEEN-too/BRAN-koo)
 * with/without : com/sem (kong/seng)
 * ice : gelo (ZHEH-loo)
 * sugar : açúcar (ah-SOO-kar)
 * sweetener : adoçante (ah-doh-SAHN-chee)
 * May I have some _____? : Pode me passar _____? (poh-DZHEE mee pah-SAH)
 * salt : sal (sahl)
 * black pepper : pimenta do reino (pee-MAN-tah doo HAY-noo)
 * red pepper : pimenta malagueta (pee-MAN-tah mow-lah-GHETT-tah)
 * butter : manteiga (mahn-TAY-gah)
 * Excuse me, waiter? (getting attention of server): Desculpa, garçom? (dees-COOL-pah gar-SOWN)
 * I'm finished : Já acabei. (zhah ah-kah-BAY)
 * I'm full : Estou farto/a (is-tow FAR-too/tah)
 * It was delicious. : Estava delicioso. (is-TAH-vah deh-lee-SYOH-zoo)
 * Please clear the plates. : Por favor retire os pratos. (...)
 * The check, please. : A conta, por favor. (Ah KOWN-tah POUR fah-VOHR)

Bars

 * Do you serve alcohol? : Servem álcool? (...)
 * Is there table service? : Há serviço de mesas? (...)
 * A beer/two beers, please. : Uma cerveja/duas cervejas, por favor. (...)
 * A glass of red/white wine, please. : Um copo de vinho tinto/branco, por favor. (Oom KOH-poh d'Vinyoo TINtoo, por faVOR)
 * A pint, please. : Uma caneca, por favor. (...)
 * A bottle, please. : Uma garrafa, por favor. (...)
 * _____ (hard liquor) and _____ (mixer), please. : _____ and _____, please. (...)
 * beer : cerveja (sehr-VAY-zhah)
 * whiskey : whisky (wiss-kee)
 * vodka : vodka (...)
 * rum : rum (room)
 * Brazilian national drink (sugarcane liquor) : cachaça (kah-SHAH-sah), pinga (PEEN-gah) and hundreds of local nicknames
 * water : água (AH-gwah)
 * club soda : club soda (...)
 * tonic water : água tónica (...)
 * orange juice (Brazil) : suco de laranja (SOU-koh day lah-RAHN-jah)
 * Coke (soda) : Coca-Cola (...), or refrigerante
 * Do you have any bar snacks? : Tem aperitivos? (...)
 * One more, please. : Mais um/uma, por favor. (...)
 * Another round, please. : Mais uma rodada, por favor. (...)
 * When is closing time? : A que horas fecha? (...)

Shopping

 * Do you have this in my size? : Tem isto no meu tamanho? (...)
 * How much is this? : Quanto custa? (...)
 * That's too expensive. : É muito caro. (...)
 * Would you take _____? : Aceita _____? (...)
 * expensive : caro (...)
 * cheap : barato (...)
 * I can't afford it. : Não tenho dinheiro suficiente. (...)
 * I don't want it. : Não quero. (...)
 * I'm not interested. : Não estou interessado/a. (..)
 * OK, I'll take it. : OK, eu levo. (...)
 * Can I have a bag? : Você tem um saco? (...)
 * Do you ship (overseas)? : Envia para outros países? (...)
 * I need... : Preciso de... (...)
 * ...toothpaste. : ...pasta de dentes. (...)
 * ...a toothbrush. : ...escova de dentes. (...)
 * ...tampons. : ...tampões. (...)
 * ...soap. : ...sabonete. (...)
 * ...shampoo. : ...xampu. (...)
 * ...pain reliever. (e.g., aspirin or ibuprofen) : ...aspirina. (...)
 * ...cold medicine. : ...remédio para resfriado. (...)
 * ...stomach medicine. : ...remédio para as dores de estômago. (...)
 * ...a razor. : ...uma gilete. (...)
 * ...an umbrella. : ...guarda-chuva. (...)
 * ...sunblock lotion. : ...protetor solar. (...)
 * ...a postcard. : ...um cartão postal (...)
 * ...(postage) stamps. : ...selos (de correio). (...)
 * ...batteries. : ...pilhas. (...)
 * ...a pen. : ...uma caneta. (...)
 * ...English-language books. : ...livros em inglês. (...)
 * ...English-language magazines. : ...revista em inglês. (...)
 * ...an English-language newspaper. : ...jornais em inglês. (...)
 * ...an English-Portuguese dictionary. : ...um dicionário de inglês-português. (...)

Driving

 * car, automobile, etc. : carro (CAH ho)
 * I want to rent a car. : Quero alugar um carro. (...)
 * Can I get insurance? : Posso fazer um seguro? (...)
 * breakdown (car doesn't work) : avaria (...)
 * stop (on a street sign) : pare (PAH-reh)
 * one way : mão única (...)
 * yield : preferência (...)
 * no parking : estacionamento proibido (...)
 * speed limit : limite de velocidade (...)
 * gas (petrol) station : posto de gasolina (...')
 * petrol : gasolina (...)
 * diesel : diesel (...)
 * towing enforced : sujeito a reboque
 * trunk (US), boot (UK) : porta-malas (...)
 * back seat : banco traseiro (...)
 * driver's seat : banco do motorista (...)
 * passenger's seat : banco do passageiro (...)
 * steering wheel : volante (...)
 * tire (US), tyre (UK) : pneu (...)
 * parking/emergency/hand brake : freio de estacionamento/ emergência/ mão (...)
 * brake pedal : pedal de freio (...)
 * brakes (in general) : freios (...)
 * alternator : alternador (...)
 * fan belt : correia de ventilador (...)
 * radiator : radiador (hah-jee-AH-dor)

Authority

 * It's his/her fault! : A culpa é dele/dela! (...)
 * Its not what its seems. : Não é o que parece (...)
 * I can explain it all. : Posso explicar tudo. (...)
 * I haven't done anything wrong. : Não fiz nada de errado. (...)
 * I swear I didn't do it Mr. Officer.: Juro que não fiz nada Seu Guarda. (...)
 * It was a misunderstanding. : Foi um engano. (...)
 * Where are you taking me? : Aonde me leva? (...)
 * Am I under arrest? : Estou detido? (...)
 * I am an American/Australian/British/Canadian citizen. : Sou um cidadão americano/australiano/britânico/canadense [BR]/canadiano[PT]. (...)
 * I want to talk to the American/Australian/British/Canadian embassy/consulate. : Quero falar com o consulado americano/australiano/britânico/canadense. (...)
 * I want to talk to a lawyer. : Quero falar com um advogado. (...)
 * Can I just pay a fine now? : Posso pagar a fiança agora? (...)

de:Thema:Sprachführer Portugiesisch Guia de conversación portugués Guide linguistique portugais it:Tematica:Frasario portoghese Португальский разговорник

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Brazilian Portuguese phrasebook


text:
Brazzaville

Brazzaville is the capital of the Republic of Congo, and serves as the financial and administrative center of the country. It can be a pleasant stopover to Pointe Noire or visits to the Congolese rain forests. It is on the northern side of the Congo River, directly across from Kinshasa, capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Understand
Brazzaville was a relatively well-developed and thriving city before the civil war began in 1997. Although there is still some fighting in the rural areas, it is a safe city to visit, but the infrastructure has been run down. Many of its restaurants and hotels are run by Lebanese immigrants.

By ferry
You can also travel to Brazzaville from Kinshasa via boat, but it is recommended to fly directly into Brazzaville if your intent is to visit the Republic of Congo.

By train
Rail services link Brazzaville with Dolisie and the seaside city of Pointe-Noire. The national operator, CFCO, introduced an "express" train named La Gazelle in 2012; however, it still takes a grueling 15 hours to complete the journey. On the plus side the train has air conditioning, a restaurant car and power sockets. There's also slower services, generally not recommended for tourists. The railway station, is located at Place de la Liberte.

By road
There is surprisingly no bridge between Brazzaville and Kinshasa. If you wish to take a car across, it is possible to pay extra and get a ride on the ferry. There have been reports the car will require "disinfection" when crossing from Congo to DR Congo.

Get around
You may use local green taxis, even if they are in a poor technical condition. Much as you would anywhere, take a security-first approach to taxis: refuse to hop into any car that has two or more people in it already. One trip anywhere in town is FCFA 1,000.

By boat
Being situated on the Congo River, you can quickly get around the city by boat.

See

 * Markets of Moungali, Poto-Poto, Bacongo.
 * L’Ecole de Peinture de Poto Poto – Poto Poto Painting School
 * Les Rapides in Djoué, Ramsar site for endangered birds along the Congo River west of Brazzaville.
 * L’Ecole de Peinture de Poto Poto – Poto Poto Painting School
 * Les Rapides in Djoué, Ramsar site for endangered birds along the Congo River west of Brazzaville.
 * Les Rapides in Djoué, Ramsar site for endangered birds along the Congo River west of Brazzaville.

Recreational activities
If you enjoy outdoor sports, bring equipment that you may need, such as picnic supplies, golf equipment, and sports attire. All equipment available locally is expensive. Photographic equipment and facilities are also available at double U.S. prices. The following clubs and hotels are open to paying memberships:

 * Laico Maya-Maya Brazzaville Hotel. Offers monthly subscriptions for use of its tennis courts and pool.
 * Olympic Palace Hotel. Offers monthly subscriptions for use of its tennis court and pool. Monthly rates at Olympic are significantly higher than Laico Maya-Maya Brazzaville Hotel.
 * The market of Poto Poto is fabulous. This is the West African quarter.
 * The Bakongo neighborhood is great for wandering around; at night there are a plethora of plastic-chaired bars and street food to choose from.
 * The market of Poto Poto is fabulous. This is the West African quarter.
 * The Bakongo neighborhood is great for wandering around; at night there are a plethora of plastic-chaired bars and street food to choose from.

Eat
Eat at Mami Wata (great pizzas in the afternoon, enjoy the view of Kinshasa over the Congo River) or Nenuphar (great steaks). For Muslims there are very few places to go out for eating like La Mandarine, one of the Lebanese restaurants in the city. On the Avenue Foch are few restaurants and cafes where you can get dinner, snack, coffee. But at all the Lebanese restaurants one can find Halal food.

There are several great restaurants in Brazzaville. Any taxi driver can take you to one of these nicer places (FCFA 5000-15000). Most places are closed on Sundays. Expect beers to be overpriced here (FCFA 1000 to 2000).

 * Le Jardin (French) soft bread, lovely t-bone, great outdoor ambiance, sometimes live music first class place
 * Mami Wata (Continental) right on the Congo River, US$30 Sunday night buffet, pizza, seafood, pasta, and salad.
 * Chef David (There are several in town. This is the best pizza in town, and the best one is near City Center.) They also do carry-out.
 * La Mandarine (Lebanese: ice cream! the best patisserie in town. also a great brunch place)
 * Noura I and II (Lebanese) Hotel de Ville are. Known for chicken shwarma.
 * Le Renouveau at the corner across from the roundabout at Pharmacie Mavre. Serves local, fast food and some grilled dishes.  Has a well-stocked small bar inside.
 * L'Sympathique (French) down the street from Pharmacie Mavre. Good value, lunch and dinner.

Street food is mostly limited to beignets and manioc in the downtown area. Egg sandwiches, and avocado and salami sandwiches are found at random. At night there is meat on a stick.

Drink
Beer: Primus, N'Gok, Mutzig, Heineken, Guinness, Turbo King.

 * Ram Dam. This nightclub is at Plato next to Nanu Fer restaurant. Cover charge is FCFA 5,000  per person and includes one drink.  All drinks, including water, are extremely expensive.  Local, French and English music.  Opens late.

 * Les Rapides is a bar that any taxi driver would know. It provides a great view of the river, and you can run around in the river if you want.
 * Les Rapides is a bar that any taxi driver would know. It provides a great view of the river, and you can run around in the river if you want.

Buy
Brazzaville is a very very expensive city, as you will find all kinds of things but almost four times the price in Dubai or elsewhere. For example if you are looking to buy a can of Pepsi Cola which is usually 1 UAE dirham in Dubai and you will get it for FCFA 750 (Central African CFA franc) which is equivalent to 5 UAE dirhams. Same goes for other things. Try to bring as many of your personal needs with you as possible.

There is a huge market close to the Cathedral where one can buy decent African wear and bright colored materials - an adventure in itself.

Groceries
There are two major grocery stores in Brazzaville, and a few convenience type stores which carry some of the same products. Below is a list of supermarkets and convenience type stores: Casino (used to be Score) is the second largest supermarket after Park N Shop. Everything is overpriced here, but if you need your frozen pizzas. Tel: +242 06 81 03 35. Park N Shop (close to the Mpila roundabout and Tower Nambemba). Tel: +242 06 548 2936 Ste. Regal (close to Park N Shop, on the same street as Tower Nambemba). Tel: +242 06 527 5260

With enough patience, shoppers can usually find most of the brands what they are looking for which they are accustomed.

The major grocery stores and a few other stores have a good selection of imported fruits and vegetables, but prices are a bit expensive. You can get a wide selection of local and fresh fruits from local markets around town. Below is a list of the local markets frequented by Americans and expatriates:

 * Marché de la Plaine (around the corner from Casino supermarket). Here you can find a good selection of local fruits and vegetables. Be prepared to bargain for good prices.
 * Marché du Plateau (close to BDEAC, across from Nenuphar restaurant). Here you can find some local fruits and vegetables, but you will find a better selection at the Marché de la Plaine. As always, bargaining is a must.
 * Total Market (in Bacongo). This is a large local market where you can find a good supply of fruits and vegetables, and local food products at low prices. All prices are fixed and displayed on products, so no need for bargaining.
 * Marché de Poto Poto (in Poto Poto). This is the West African part of town.

Butchers and meat stores
There are two good butcher stores in town that sell both local and imported meats and seafood. There are also a few stores that sell frozen meat and seafood. '*Guenin or Coup:' Opposite the entrance to the ‘Beach’. Store sells frozen meat, fish, chicken, etc.
 * Nénu Viande (on the same street as Exotic Palace, close to Park N Shop). This store is run by a French butcher.  It has a good selection of local and imported meat, but a limited supply of seafood.  Check with the butcher to find out when seafood arrives.  It also has an excellent selection of sausages.  You can call and place an order for pick up later the same day.  Tel: +242 06 81 4659 (general number).
 * Casino Supermarket (on the same street as the Brazza mausoleum): the meat section of this grocery store has a good selection of meats and seafood.

Bakeries
Local bread, white and whole wheat, is of good quality. You can buy fresh bread from the following bakeries:
 * La Mie Dorée (close to La Mandarine)
 * La Mandarine, Avenue Foch
 * Casino Bakery (inside the supermarket)
 * Boulangerie de la Plaine Ex Leon (down the street and around the corner from Score, next to the Marché de la Plaine fruit and vegetable market)
 * Exotic Palace, formerly La Manne (across from Pharmacie Mavre, close to the roundabout)

Bread is cheap and sells out quickly. The best times to shop are between 09:00 and 11:00 on weekdays and between 08:30 and 10:00 on the weekends. However, "street bread" can be found throughout the day for FCFA 100-150. You can also find imported white and whole wheat bread from a few grocery stores, but they are expensive and sell out very quickly.

Small boutiques (mostly run by north Africans) are on every corner. You can find soap, pasta, croissants, basic goods here. They are reasonably priced.

Craft shops and souvenirs
Olympic Palace Hotel Craft Shop (at Olympic Palace). Here you can find local crafts, but they are very expensive. You can get better prices at the local craft markets listed above.
 * Marché du Plateau Craft Market (across from Nenuphar restaurant, close to BDEAC). Here you find a selection of crafts, mostly from the neighboring area. Bargaining is a must.
 * Tala Na Miso (on the same road as the Marché du Plateau craft market). This store specializes in wood carvings and some brass work. Shop owner gives a good deal if you are a frequent customer.
 * Poto Poto Painting School (in the Poto Poto area). Excellent selection of paintings from local artists. School is one of the best places to find local paintings.
 * La Paille et La Poutre (across from Park N Shop). This store stocks nice crafts, mostly imported from South Africa. Very expensive, but good quality items.
 * Open Air Painting Market (next to the post office). Here you can find paintings by local artists. You can also find copper items and wooden sculptures. Bargaining is a must here.
 * Souvenir D’Afrique (a few shops down from Marché du Plateau, on the same road). Here you can find local souvenirs and trinkets.

Embassies

 * 🇧🇷 Brazil
 * 🇪🇬 Egypt
 * 🇫🇷 France
 * 🇩🇪 Germany
 * 🇮🇳 India
 * 🇳🇬 Nigeria
 * 🇷🇺 Russia
 * 🇿🇦 South Africa
 * 🇹🇷 Turkey
 * 🇬🇧 United Kingdom
 * 🇺🇸 United States

Go next

 * Pointe-Noire — the country's second city and a beach resort, a 15-hour train ride or short flight away at the Atlantic Ocean.
 * Kinshasa — the capital of DR Congo is just across the Congo river.

title: Brazzaville


text:
Brändö

Brändö is the northernmost municipality in Åland. It consists of about 1,200 islands with 450 permanent residents (2021). "Brändö" is also the name of one of its main islands.

Understand
Brändö is a group of islands in north-east part of Åland, by the border to Finland Proper. Due to its remote location in Åland and closeness to mainland Finland locals prefer to go shopping to Turku or Uusikaupunki instead of Mariehamn. Also, almost 1/5 of residents have Finnish as their mother tongue, a number much higher than elsewhere in Åland, as a result of efforts to counter population decline with immigration. Half of the population has roots elsewhere.

Brändö has been a remote place and there are virtually no archaeological findings. The first permanent residents probably came here in the end of the medieval era. The name Brändö was first mentioned in a land register from 1537. According to this register, all the current villages already existed having 57 houses in total. Probably their souls were saved as Brändö was mentioned as a chapel under Kumlinge parish already in the 1540s. The Stockholm–Turku Mail Route ran through the islands from Baggholma to Åva.

On the map it's easy to see a large circular formation in the northern part of Brändö islands. This Åva intrusion is about 1,800 million years old volcanic structure. The formation is well visible from aerial view but not so well from the ground level. Interestingly, there are no pine forests on Brändö islands except in the area close to the Åva harbour.

Getting around these islands has traditionally been challenging, but nowadays most of the major islands are connected with a paved road with bridges and causeways giving a good view out over the surrounding archipelago. Brändö is a delicate place for bicycling as the islands are fairly flat.

In spite of the big Finnish-speaking minority, the municipality is officially unilingually Swedish. Knowledge of English should be good as in the rest of Finland.

Regions
Brändö consists of the villages Lappo, Asterholma, Torsholma, Baggholma, Brändö by, Björnholma, Korsö, Fiskö, Åva and Jurmo. Most names of villages are also the name of their main island. Åva is the administrative centre but most of the services are in or close to the village Brändö.

Lappo, Asterholma and Jurmo are separate islands, without direct road connection.

Get in

You can reach Brändö from the rest of Åland by the ferry operated by Ålandstrafiken. The islands are on Norra Linjen, the Northern Line. Ferries serve also from Osnäs in Gustavs (Finnish: Vuosnainen in Kustavi) to the by M/S Viggen (or occasionally the smaller M/S Knipan) and from Hummelvik in Vårdö by M/S Alfågeln via Lappo to. Osnäs and Hummelvik are on islands connected to the Finland and Åland mainlands, respectively, by short road ferry passages. There are cafés on the ferries and a restaurant in Vuosnainen. Åva and Torsholma harbours have just dry toilets and waiting cabins.

There are coaches from Mariehamn and Turku connecting to some of the ferry departures. For Kustavi these services are sparse, especially off season. There is a collective taxi connection from Kustavi centre to the ferry (€4, normal taxi is €30) and between Åva and Torsholma (free, see Get around below), instead of the bus for some ferry departures. The taxi has to be ordered in advance. The connections are described in the Ålandstrafiken timetables.

There are also connections from Houtskär (main village: Näsby, some services from Roslax a few kilometres away) and Iniö (main village: Norrby, another ferry quay in Dalen) to by the ferries serving "Houtskärs ruttområde" (Finnish: Houtskarin reitti) and "Iniö tilläggsrutt" (Finnish: Iniön lisäreitti). These vessels are small (they do not carry cars), often calling at many minor islands, and usually have to be booked in advance. See articles on Houtskär and Iniö for details.

Keep the ferry receipts, as the ferry onwards or back will be cheaper after a night spent in the archipelago (as defined in Åland). Also, bike tickets are valid for all the season. If you have booked accommodation, check how to get the cheaper price already on your way out.

Get around
The tourism is mainly concentrated to the islands Jurmo in the north and Lappo in the south-west. To reach these separate islands there are smaller ferries from Åva-Jurmo vv. and Torsholma-Lappo-Asterholma vv. See the Ålandstrafiken timetables. Some arrivals must be booked in advance.

There is no public transportation in Brändö except kollektivtrafiken between Åva and Torsholma ferry harbours along the main road (including the road to Fiskö). It is scheduled to connect specific arrivals and departures of M/S Viggen and M/S Alfågeln. They are marked in the time tables of these ferries. The kollektivtrafiken must be pre-booked one day in advance and is free of charge. Kollektivtrafiken runs daily 5 June 5–10 August (in 2020). The rest of the year it is not available on Saturdays.

Taxi and kollektivtrafiken:

Outside the islands Jurmo and Lappo the distances are rather long for walking. Distance between Åva harbour and Torsholma harbour is 23 km. Bicycle is useful as there is little traffic on the roads and the islands are mostly flat. Check whether your accommodation has bikes for rent.

See

There are several scenic views from the main road, especially between Torsholma and Brandö by. For safety reasons it is forbidden to stop on some of the bridges including the long and high Åva bridge.

Stay safe
Mind the ticks and be careful by the sea.

Connect
There is an extensive optical fibre network and there is free Wi-Fi in all public buildings including hotels and restaurants.

Go next

 * Houtskär and Iniö are island groups and communities across the border to mainland Finland, accessible by ferries visiting many islands; Kustavi is the gateway to the mainland proper.
 * Kumlinge or Vårdö, by the ferry route towards the Åland mainland.

title: Brändö


text:
Brú Na Bóinne Archaeological Park

Brú na Bóinne (meaning "Palace of the Boyne") is a remarkable complex of Neolithic chamber tombs, standing stones, henges and other prehistoric structures. It's by the banks of the River Boyne in County Meath, 40 km north of Dublin and 8 km west of Drogheda.

Understand
Brú Na Bóinne is an extensive complex of Neolithic tombs and other ritual structures, designated since 1993 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The core of it, enclosed by a meander of the River Boyne, is the Archaeological Park described here, with the great mounds of Newgrange, Knowth and Dowth, and many smaller structures. These were built as nobles' tombs around 3200 BC, so they're older than the Pyramids of Giza or Stonehenge. Some of their most massive stones came from the Mourne Mountains over 100 km away - they are intricately carved and show sophisticated astronomical alignment. Probably the tombs once held funerary goods but raiders have pilfered those, and human remains are gone. The site continued in use through the Bronze and Iron Ages and Roman and early Christian periods, but probably only sporadically as traces of those times are few. Later uses were unkind to the place: in the 13th century the monks of Mellifont used the main tomb passage as a grain-storage barn, hence "New Grange". The Victorians removed stone to build a decorative folly, and the final indignity was a tearoom perched on top of Dowth. The park is now in the care of the Heritage Ireland branch of the Office of Public Works. Much of what you see represents reconstruction in the 1970s, which has its critics: Newgrange has been described as a "cream cheese cake with dried currants distributed about" and "kind of like Stalin does the Stone Age."

The Park is still an amazing monument to the skills and culture of Neolithic people, and it's a must-see destination in Ireland within an hour's travel from Dublin. The downside is numbers: it's always busy and touristy, never peaceful or atmospheric. Numbers are restricted and pre-booking is essential. Newgrange is the only mound that you can tour inside, and numbers for this are even more tightly restricted.

By car
From Dublin or the north, take M1 towards Drogheda; there's a toll between junctions 7 and 8. Leave at junction 9 and follow the lane west to Donore village then Staleen Road. Follow the brown and white signage for the Visitor Centre; a rental car has probably been here so often that it will try to bring you here even if you were aiming elsewhere.

From the west take N51 past Navan (junction 9 of M3) to Slane. At Slane you must turn south on N2 to get onto Staleen Road on the south river bank. There's no access from the north bank even though the sites are there, so don't follow signs for Newgrange Farm.

By bus
First reach Drogheda, which has buses from Dublin and Dundalk, and trains from Dublin, Dundalk and Belfast. Then take Bus 163 from Drogheda via the Boyne battlefield to the Brú Na Bóinne visitor centre. The problem you face is that to see anything of the site you need a pre-booked timed ticket, and timings are often fraught with public transport. In early 2021 the bus has been cut back to two per day, terminating at Daly's pub 1 km short of the site. A taxi from Drogheda takes 10 min and might cost €15.

Tours
An organised tour is a good way to visit if you don't have a car (and if your main destination is Dublin, you should actively avoid having a car in the city). Sure it means tramping round in a large group, but that's going to happen even if you arrive independently. Check what kind of tour is offered, from the options described below; the tour may also take in other nearby sites such as Boyne battlefield and Hill of Tara. Two well-regarded operators are: Others may simply be selling onto these tours and taking a mark-up for doing so.
 * Mary Gibbons daily from Dublin, includes Newgrange interior, €45.
 * Bus Éireann daily from Dublin. Booked out? - they also tour Powerscourt and Glendalough.

Get around
Access to the Park is by guided tour only, with timed slots, pre-booking essential. No pets allowed, assistance dogs welcome. All tours begin at the visitor centre on the south bank of the river. Anyone going directly to the park sites will be sent back to the centre with a flea in their ear to await the next available tour, which in mid-summer might be weeks away. From the centre you cross the river by a footbridge, then on the north bank a shuttle bus takes you round the sites. Tour options (with prices as at Jan 2021) are:
 * Visitor Centre only. It's an extensive informative display, accessible with reduced mobility, and this is the only way you can see most of the interiors; but the experience is like being in a museum anywhere. Adult €5, conc €4, child €3; "child" for all tour options means 12-17, under 12s are free but still need a ticket.
 * Outside plus visitor centre, includes the Knowth exhibition but no interior access: adult €12, conc €10, child €8.
 * Newgrange interior plus outside and visitor centre. This is the only cairn in the park that you can get inside. There are only 700 slots available per day, it's a cramped interior where you don't get much ambiance, and you need good personal mobility. Adult €18, conc €16, child €12.
 * Newgrange winter solstice: only a lucky few can experience this. The mid-winter sunrise just before 9AM illuminates the depths of the chamber on six mornings, 18 to 23 Dec. (Back in 3000 BC this was precisely at sunrise, but it's now four minutes later through shift in the earth's axis.) On each morning ten lottery winners and their guest get to experience this, with 60 winning names drawn each year and notified in October. Names and dates are not transferable, and tough luck if it's a wet cloudy morning — this does occasionally happen in Ireland in winter. Enter the lottery at the visitor centre or by email to brunaboinne@opw.ie. Annually about 30,000 people enter, so your chances are 1 in 500. That's better odds than the lottery for the Vienna New Year's Day Concert, they really ought to make you dress up in Neolithic period costume.

See

 * is on Staleen Rd 2 km west of Donore village, Eir code A92 EH5C. It's open daily Feb-Apr and Oct 9:30AM-5:30PM, May and late Sep 9AM-6:30PM, Jun-mid Sep: 9AM-7PM, Nov-Jan 9AM-5PM. Last admission to the centre is 45 min before closing, with last tour 1 hr 45 min before closing. The centre has a large interactive exhibition on the area, an AV presentation, and a wheelchair-accessible replica of the interior of Newgrange. It also has a tourist office, gift shop, tea rooms and toilets. There is no left luggage facility but it's okay to bring small backpacks: if you go inside Newgrange these are left in a locked box by the entrance.
 * is remarkable even if you don't get inside (no photography or filming is allowed within). Built circa 3200 BC, it's a mound of 76 m diameter and 12 m high. At the entrance to the single passageway is a large, richly carved slab and a facade of white quartz, brought from Wicklow. The latter is a reconstruction, the original facade design is unknown. The mound is ringed by standing stones (a dozen survive of perhaps 36) but these were probably erected very much later. The passage is 19 m long, walled and roofed with sturdy carved slabs. It leads to a central chamber with three side-chambers: human remains and funeral goods have been found here. The most famous feature of Newgrange (though it's found at several other Neolithic sites) is the "roof box", the open panel above the entrance. At midwinter sunrise, and at no other time, the sun gleams through this down into the innermost chamber, like a welcoming hand extended to the departed dead. For 15 min the sun explores and bathes the decorations in a rich amber light then fades.
 * The cursus is 100 m east of Newgrange mound. It's a prehistoric ceremonial aisle, but early archaeologists thought that such structures (such as at Stonehenge) were Roman racecourses, hence cursus.
 * , also built circa 3200 BC, is the largest set of tombs in the park. There's a secondary exhibition building here; no entry to the mound, but you peak in from a viewing point. The main mound is ringed by sturdy kerbstones and has an east and a west passageway which don't quite meet in the centre. (People in one can hear those in the other: it's not known if this played a part in rituals.) For sure these were astronomically aligned, but the precise nature has been obscured over the centuries through subsidence and later use; the Normans built a fort on the mound, and medieval monks farmed the area. 17 small mounds ring the main structure.
 * is a mound containing passage tombs circa 3000 BC, decorated and astronomically aligned like Newgrange. You can reach it without going to the visitor centre but all you see is the grassy mound. It's been much battered by plundering Vikings, enthusiastic investigations (they used dynamite), and by perching a tearoom on top. The interior is blocked off, so to appreciate it see the display in the visitor centre.
 * Within 100 m or two of Dowth, and not part of the park, are a memorial to John Boyle O'Reilly (1844-1890) the Fenian activist and writer, Glebe House an event space, and Dowth Castle and Netterville Manor which are private residences.

Do

 * Enter the lottery to view sunrise in the chamber of Newgrange, but only if you can be reasonably sure of being here on the allotted date if you get lucky. Winning tickets are not transferable.

Eat
There is a café, tourist information point and toilets in the Visitor Centre, plus toilets at Newgrange and Knowth mounds.

Sleep
See Drogheda for nearby accommodation, the nearest is Newgrange Lodge opposite the visitor centre. Most visitors day-trip from Dublin.

Connect
As of Jan 2021, there is a good mobile signal from Eir and Three along the approach roads and on the site itself. But as for Vodafone, only the lucky winners of a lottery, with the phone precisely aligned to the rising sun on midwinter's day....

Go next

 * The cultures that created Brú Na Bóinne left traces all over the region, most of them off the tourist circuit: Loughcrew Cairns at Oldcastle are a good example. See Ireland main page for suggestions further away: they're often in thinly-populated areas where they've escaped modern agriculture and development.
 * Similarly for early Christian sites, which mark the transition from prehistory to written history in Ireland, around the 5th century AD. These sites were often re-established in the Norman era, such as Old Mellifont Abbey 10 km north.
 * More recent turbulent history is demonstrated a few kilometres east at the site of the Battle of the Boyne, and in the town of Drogheda.

title: Brú Na Bóinne Archaeological Park


text:
Brühl

Brühl is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, almost a suburb of Cologne.

Understand
Brühl is mostly known for its two palaces, built for Duke Clemens August in the 18th century.

Multiple times a year, the pedestrian center becomes host to markets where you can shop for various handycraft items.

By train
Line RB 11315, operated by Deutsche Bahn from Wuppertal to Bonn, stops at Brühl station. You can also board the train at Cologne (Köln Hauptbahnhof). There is also Brühl-Kierberg, where some trains stops. It could happen you land there on diversion. Take a bus to the city center from there.

By U-Bahn
Take U-Bahn line 18 from Bonn Hauptbahnhof or Köln Hauptbahnhof/Dom stations. However, make sure that the train is going as far as Brühl, as not all journeys on the line do. This is much slower than travelling by train.

Get around
The center of Brühl is entirely walkable. To reach other parts of town, take one of many buses or use the line 18 tram. The central station for buses and trams is Brühl Mitte.

If you do not have a car and want to visit Phantasialand, take the "Phantasialand Shuttle" bus. It stops at both Brühl Bahnhof and Brühl Mitte, and is much cheaper than parking at Phantasialand.

See

Eat
The Wirtshaus restaurant, directly at the train station, offers good German cuisine with a lot of different meat dishes and a few vegetarian options. It features a traditional interior, big portions and above-average prices.

Brühl has quite a few Döner-Shops to satisfy all cravings for Kebab and other Turkish food items like Baklava.

The city center hosts two hamburger restaurants: Schlossburger, a single establishment, as well as Golden Burger 1, which is part of a local chain. It is up to debate which one is superior but if you're into unique burgers, you should definitely try both and decide for yourself.

For Dutch fast food, go to PommStop. It is probably the most well-known and sympathetic fast food store in the entire city. It offers all kinds of Dutch deep fried snacks and the staff is known for their friendliness.

Go next

 * Cologne
 * Bonn
 * Euskirchen
 * Zülpich

title: Brühl


text:
Brea

Brea is a city in Orange County.

Get in
Take the 57 Freeway to Imperial Hwy or Lambert Rd.

title: Brea


text:
Breaza

Breaza is a town in Muntenia.

Understand
Breaza is a small resort located in the hilly lands at the edge of the Carpathians, close to the major ski resorts on the upper Prahova Valley.

By train
Breaza gets 5-6 trains daily from Bucharest (1 1/4 hours travel time) and 8-9 from Brasov (two hours travel time) via the Prahova Valley resorts. Schedules are available on the railway operator's CFR website.

Get around
The town can be covered on foot.

Do

 * Breaza is home to one of Romania's few golf courses.

title: Breaza


text:
Breb

Breb is a small village in Maramureș in Romania.

Understand
The village of Breb sits below the Cock's Crest (Creasta Cocoşului) peak in the Gutai Mountains between 450 and 700 meters. There are 400 homes in the village and it is said to be the home to around 1,500 people. Breb is one of the best examples of the peasant strip farming culture still alive in Maramures.

Get in
There is no public transportation that lists Breb as a stop, but you can get in from most any town on the route between Baia Mare - Cavnic - Ocna Sugatag - Sighet via mini bus. Leaving from Baia Mare, the sign will say to Borsa. Be careful about departure times: if the minibus is full, it will leave earlier than scheduled. Just look for those names on the route (displayed inside the front windshield), flag it down (which is common practice) and hop on. The price was 13 lei for Breb - Baia Mare (May 2019). Let the driver know you want to get off at Breb. From where the bus stops, it is at least a 15 minute walk into the village itself. You can find time schedules for the main stops on the route on autogari.ro, but Breb is not a listed stop so you cannot search for it. However, Ocna Sugatag it's generally around 10-15 minutes from Breb, so it is a good reference point.

It is also common to hitchhike to the village, although traffic can be light on the road. See Maramures.

Get around
The village is very small; walking is really the only comfortable way around.

See

Besides the old wooden church, there aren't really any specific sights to see in Breb besides the beautiful, timeless village.

Do
The best thing to do is to walk around the village. As you walk around you may have a strange feeling that you've stepped into a different time. You can watch villagers tend their fields, make hay, or make their way down the narrow roads in their horse driven carts like they've been doing for hundreds of years. You can also hike to the Cock's Crest (Romanian: Creasta Cocoşului). There are no marked trails until you get quite a bit along, but if you keep walking directly toward the right of the two most prominent peaks on the horizon you will find your way there. A hike there and back will take around 6 hours.

Eat
There is very little food available in the village, so it is recommended to pack all that you'll need with you. From the local farmers you can get delicious fresh milk and eggs, though. Also, there is a family in the village who will cook a hearty, traditional, all-inclusive dinner for you if you arrange a day or so ahead. Ask around and you will find your way.

Drink
There is no shortage of Ţuică, the local firewater, in Breb. It's a fruit brandy distilled from apples or plums. The stuff brewed in the village is usually over 50% alcohol, so watch out!

title: Breb


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Brežice

Brežice is old medieval town in the Posavje of Southeastern Slovenia.

Get in
By train from Ljubljana, the trip takes around 1 hr 40 min (around €7 one way).

Do

 * Climb to the hill near the town to the church and to see the view
 * Hiking trail to the healing plains
 * Paddle or canoe in the river Krko

title: Brežice


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Breckenridge

There's more than one place called Breckenridge:

United States of America

 * Breckenridge (Colorado) - a town in Northwestern Colorado
 * Breckenridge (Minnesota) - a town in Northwestern Minnesota

title: Breckenridge


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Breckenridge (Colorado)

Breckenridge is a ski resort and town at the northern tip of the south central region of Colorado, in the Rocky Mountains of the United States of America. It is the prototype of the Western Slope resort cities that have developed following the explosive growth of the ski industry in Colorado.

By plane
International and Domestic flights arrive at Denver International Airport  to the east. Domestic and local flights come into the closer Eagle County Regional Airport, , and Colorado Springs  Airport.

Numerous bus and shuttles are available from Denver International Airport.

By car
Breckenridge is located off Highway 9.

From Denver and areas East, take Interstate 70 west to exit 203. Continue south on HWY 9 to Breckenridge.

From Vail and areas West, take Interstate 70 east to exit 203. Continue south on HWY 9 to Breckenridge.

From Fairplay and areas South, take HWY 9 north over Hoosier Pass to Breckenridge.

Get around

 * Breckenridge Free Ride, +1 970 547-3140, shuttle stops at the Ice Rink, City Market, Recreation Center, Village and Four O’ Clock Roads, Columbine and Broken Lance Drive and Peak 9. Provides transport between the free carparks.
 * Summit Stage, +1 970 668-0999. Provides Free Bus Service throughout Summit County. Check Website for current schedules.

Equipment Rental
There are many places in Breckenridge where you can rent all kinds ski and snowboard equipment. Just walking down Main street you will pass many. Your accommodation may also offer equipment or have discounts at certain stores.

If you are not arriving by car it is often easier to rent your gear close to your hotel or even better close to the lifts as most offer over night storage. This save you the hassle of lugging your skis back to your accommodation each day.

You can also book your ski or snowboard rental online which may save you some money and less time in the rental store. There are a number of companies in Breckenridge that offer this service.

Go next

 * Visit Colorado's Wine Country. Northwestern Colorado is home to over 70 wineries and its own indigenous vineyards. Wine lovers can enjoy several scenic day trips from Breckenridge to many of the small towns that grow their own grapes. These lovely little communities include Montrose, Palisade, Paonia, Hotchkiss, as well as the city of Grand Junction.

title: Breckenridge (Colorado)


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Breckenridge (Minnesota)

Breckenridge is a city of 3,708 in Northwestern Minnesota. Breckenridge and its sister city, Wahpeton (in Richland County, North Dakota), are situated at the confluence of the Bois De Sioux and Otter Tail Rivers. The metropolitan area is referred to as "Two States. Two Cities. One community."

Get in
Breckenridge is at the three-way intersection of US Route 75, Minnesota Highway 9, and Minnesota Highway 210.

Breckenridge does not have a commercial airport, although its neighbor Wahpeton does.

See

 * Tenney - the smallest city in America (pop.6), about fifteen miles south of Breckenridge on US Highway 75, and about one mile east on Minnesota State Highway 55.

title: Breckenridge (Minnesota)


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Brecon

Brecon (Welsh: Aberhonddu) is a market town and the former county town of Brecknockshire, a traditional county which now forms the southernmost part of the modern county of Powys in Mid Wales.

Understand
Brecon is in many ways a typical small Welsh town, retaining that status though it does boast a cathedral. The surrounding scenery is quite stunning, as Brecon is located within the Brecon Beacons National Park, which extends to the south, east and west.

By train
The nearest stations are at Abergavenny, Merthyr Tydfil and Llandovery. A bus meets incoming trains at Merthyr. Travel from Cardiff to Brecon takes about an hour and fifteen minutes up the A470.

By bus
There are direct bus links to Swansea and Cardiff and also to Llandovery and Abergavenny along the A40.

By car
A470 from near Cardiff, A4067 from near Swansea

Get around
The town is best explored on foot, which is part of the charm.

See
For most people the main reason for visiting Brecon is as a base for visiting the national park. In town, however, there are worthwhile diversions:

 * River walk Follow the trail beside the cathedral for a pleasant walk down the Afon Honddu and along the River Usk. Can become a bit steep for the unfit.
 * River walk Follow the trail beside the cathedral for a pleasant walk down the Afon Honddu and along the River Usk. Can become a bit steep for the unfit.
 * River walk Follow the trail beside the cathedral for a pleasant walk down the Afon Honddu and along the River Usk. Can become a bit steep for the unfit.

Buy

 * Farmers Market is in the market hall on the second Saturday of the month.

Go next

 * Brecon Beacons National Park Many things to do, including a climb to the top of Pen y Fan (pronounced pen Ur van), the highest mountain in South Wales.
 * Llandovery. A picturesque market town about a forty minute drive west from Brecon.
 * Swansea. Superb beaches, leisure facilities and cultural events. Swansea is about a one hour drive to the south west.
 * Cardiff. Wales' capital offers great shopping and museums. Cardiff is about an hour's drive to the south east.
 * Merthyr Tydfil

title: Brecon


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Brecon Beacons National Park

The Brecon Beacons National Park (Welsh: Parc Cenedlaethol Bannau Brycheiniog) is a United Kingdom national park in southern Wales. Within an area of 1347 km² (520 sq miles), the park contains some of the most spectacular and distinctive upland formations in southern Britain. Stretching from Hay-on-Wye in the east to Llandeilo in the west, the park includes the Black Mountains, the Central Beacons, Fforest Fawr and the Black Mountain as well as a vast array of moorland, forests, valleys, waterfalls, lakes, caves and gorges.

Understand
Several small towns and villages lie within or directly besides Brecon Beacons National Park and can serve well as a base from where to discover the park. For this reason, many have become rather popular tourist destinations with proper facilities for travellers. Good examples include Abergavenny, Brecon, Crickhowell, Llandeilo, Llandovery, Hay-on-Wye (famous for its book stores) and Merthyr Tydfil. Other options are Brynaman, Govilon, the small villages Llangadog, Capel Gwynfe and Bethlehem, Llangorse, Pontneddfechan, Talgarth, Talybont-on-Usk, and the lovely parish of Myddfai.

The Brecon Beacons (or simply 'the Beacons') can refer both to the central range of mountains which stretch east from Storey Arms to Talybont and also to the national park as a whole which contains other extensive ranges as outlined below. The alternative term 'the Brecons' is not used locally and will not win you friends! The mountain area on the east of the national park (extending to the English border) is called the Black Mountains, and the area on the west of the park (towards Llandeilo) is known as the Black Mountain (singular). Old writings suggest that the entire collection of mountain massifs between Abergavenny and Llandeilo was once known as the Black Mountain - which helps to account for some of the confusion that arises with modern naming of the area.

History
The Brecon Beacons mountain range together with the neighbouring Black Mountains, Fforest Fawr and Black Mountain ranges was designated as the Brecon Beacons National Park in 1957. It was the last of the original ten to gain its status.

Landscape
The larger part of the area is underlain by Old Red Sandstone rocks which despite the name are generally brown in colour and do contain layers of softer mudstone. It is this layer cake which is also tilted to the south which gives rise to a characteristic stepped appearance to some of the mountain slopes, particularly in the Black Mountains of the east. All of the various ranges have been carved by rivers and glaciers giving rise to steep north facing scarps and longer southerly directed valleys, many of which are heavily wooded. A number of these valleys in the central part of the park have been dammed gving rise to around a dozen picturesque reservoirs.

A band of limestone running east-west through the park brings with it a pock-marked landscape riddled with caves, some of which are amongst the longest in Europe. Along the southern edge of the park, adjacent to the South Wales Coalfield are numerous signs of former industry such as quarries, tramways and limekilns.

The major river within the park is the Usk which rises on the western Black Mountain, gathers waters from the central Beacons and then flows along the southern edge of the eastern Black Mountains. Its valley provides the main east-west route through the park.

Flora and fauna
Native broadleaf woodland is abundant within the valleys though it's greatly supplemented by conifer plantations in certain areas. A number of rare whitebeam species cling to limestone cliffs in parts of the park; these are generally protected as nature reserves. The global populations of some of these species is only around 25 to 30 trees! The red kite is emblematic of the park, particularly west of Brecon though it's becoming a more common sight in the east too. Herons, kingfishers and dippers are a common sight on the area's rivers which are in the main unspoilt - indeed the Usk catchment has SAC status, the highest level of protection, not least for its fish and lamprey species with there also being a healthy population of otters. Water voles have been re-introduced to Llangorse Lake area.

Climate
Being an upland area, the Brecon Beacons get their fair share of rainfall though the eastern Black Mountains are distinctly drier than the western Black Mountain. The stretch of country between Brecon and Hay-on-Wye is the driest part of the park followed by the eastern part of the Usk valley towards Abergavenny. The ranges often form a weather divide with dry weather on say the northern side of the watershed whilst rain falls on the southern slopes.

Get in
From London, take the M4 motorway into South Wales. Turn off at exit 22 (near Cardiff) onto A470 towards Brecon. Further west, leave the motorway at exit 43 onto the A465 or at exit 45 (near Swansea) onto the A4067. Take both roads in the direction of Brecon. The A4067, in particular, passes through some very pleasant scenery, and you will be reminded of the famous quote by a notable Buddhist master the whole way: "the journey is the goal." One scenic drive off of the main A470 is the A4059. It sticks to the high ground and offers an opportunity to see wild Welsh Mountain Ponies.

There are regular bus services from both Swansea (Quadrant Bus Station) and Cardiff (Railway Station bus terminal) into the park area.

Fees and permits
Access to the park and its tourist offices is free though there are parking charges at some locations.

Do

Drink

 * Whisky - although more closely associated with its Gaelic cousins in Scotland and Ireland, whisky was distilled in Wales for many centuries. However, the industry was long dead by the 21st century, that is until the Penderyn distillery was opened in 2004. They make a broad range of fine single malts, many of which have scooped up prestigious international awards. Their main line includes the rich and fruity gold "Madeira", so called because it's finished in ex-Madeira wine barrels, but their "Icons of Wales" series of limited-edition whiskies are worth consideration too. Penderyn can be drunk in many of the local pubs, or you can visit their distillery and shop; see 'Do' for main listing.

Stay safe
Britain's mountains are not especially high, but they can be dangerous and people do get injured and lost frequently. The weather can change rapidly, especially above 2,000 feet.

Go next

 * Wales' capital city, Cardiff, is a place to head should the weather turn wet - good museums and a castle to explore. There are a huge variety of shops in the city centre, many of which are located in covered arcades.
 * Swansea and the Swansea Bay region complements the Brecon hills with wide, sandy beaches - also the excellent leisure centre and National Waterfront Museum will keep the whole family amused.
 * Llandovery is a lovely old market town on the edge of the Beacons.

title: Brecon Beacons National Park


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Breda

Breda is a city of 180,000 people (2014) in the Dutch province of North Brabant. It has a long history as a military stronghold and army base. Important parts of the Dutch military still reside here. The military character is still at the heart of town, as the national Dutch Military Academy resides in the historic Castle of Breda, right in the centre of the old town.

Understand
The VVV has 2 offices in town. The primary one is across the train station, but there's a smaller office with more limited opening hours on the Grote Markt.

By plane
Breda does not have a commercial airport, but thanks to the excellent public transportation system of the Netherlands, it can be reached easily from numerous airports in the Netherlands and even in Belgium.

 * Amsterdam Airport Schiphol  is the largest in the Netherlands and one of the most important global hubs, with extensive flight connection network across many continents. From the airport's train station (directly underneath the terminal), NS Dutch Railways operates frequent Intercity Direct high-speed rail service every 30 minutes to Breda. The journey takes 1 hour and costs €21.40 one-way (including €2.40 supplement for using the Intercity Direct)
 * Rotterdam The Hague Airport is closer to Breda and served by a number of short-haul connections. From there, one needs to take RET's bus 33 to Rotterdam Centraal railway station and continue to Breda by the same Intercity Direct or regular Intercity to Breda. The total journey takes about an hour as well and costs €11 (Intercity Direct supplement does not apply, as it is only required for journeys including the stretch between Rotterdam and Schiphol).
 * Eindhoven Airport is the country's second-largest airport by number of passengers, served mostly by low-fare traffic from all over Europe. Again, one needs to take a bus from the airport to Eindhoven's railway station and change to an Intercity train to Breda, with a total journey time of slightly above 1 hour and costs €12.90.
 * Brussels Airport is another international and intercontinental hub close to Breda, with many flights to Africa in particular. It has an integrated train station as well, but trains from Brussels Airport no longer run directly to Breda - one has to change in Roosendaal. The total journey time is 1.5 hours and cost of both train tickets should not come above €20.

By train
Breda is a major railway hub. Two railway lines meet at the Breda station - the north-south line from Rotterdam to the Belgian border, with further extensions to Amsterdam, Schiphol Airport and The Hague, and the east-west line branching out in Breda through Tilburg towards Eindhoven and 's-Hertogenbosch. The latter connects to branches going to Utrecht, Arnhem, Nijmegen and Zwolle. A variety of trains, including frequently stopping Sprinters, traverse those lines connecting Breda not only to those major cities but also many smaller stations along the way, such as Delft. Pretty much all of the Netherlands can be reached from Breda by trains with one train change.

High-speed premium Intercity Direct trains connect Breda to Amsterdam, Schiphol and Rotterdam without intermediate stops. As of 2018, Breda again has direct international connections to Antwerp and Brussels, eliminating the need to change in Roosendaal along the way.

Train schedules and ticket prices can be found on the Nederlandse Spoorwegen website.

By car
From Amsterdam, Breda can be reached by taking the A2 to Utrecht and then the A27. Breda is less than a 90 minute drive from the three main ferry ports in Holland. From Rotterdam, Breda can be reached by taking the A16 to Breda, which will take about 30 to 40 minutes.

By boat
P&O Ferries operates overnight ferry service between Hull, England and Rotterdam, the nearest port to Breda. The journey takes 12 hours.

On foot
The city centre and most of the sights are easy to discover on foot.

By bike
Alternatively, biking is a good option, and bikes can be rented at the train station bike parking.

By bus
The city bus is another option, circling through town. Arriva (Bravo) operatees buses here.

See

Museums
The city has a number of museums worth noting.

Do

 * Get a guided tour through the old moats of Breda. There's plenty of stories behind the historic façades. Book ahead via the tourist office. Alternatively, they sell a Dutch language booklet called "Historische Kilometer", which (if you can understand it) allows you to walk around yourself and still read up on the historic backgrounds.
 * Visit the old neighbourhood Zandberg and Ginneken, just south of the Wilhelminastraat. It has lots of old merchants' houses and on the south end you will find the Mastbos, one of the nicest forests in the Netherlands.
 * Football: NAC Breda were promoted in 2024 and now play soccer in Eredivisie, the top tier. Their home ground Rat Verlegh Stadion (capacity 19,000) is 1.5 km northwest of town centre.
 * Rent a canoe and make your own way through the Breda canals. On Saturday and Sunday you can rent one from the starting point at Spanjaardsgat without reservation. For other days, reservations are required and bookable via the tourist office or via the Beleef Breda website
 * Head out for a picnic in Park Valkenberg, a large and pleasant park halfway between the train station and the Grote Markts.
 * If you have a smartphone, you can enjoy walking around the city with free audio tours, published on izi.travel platform.

Buy
Breda is a well-known shopping city in the Netherlands. In the old city centre you can find lots of clothing shops. You should visit the Wilhelminastraat. It is located just south of the city centre and hosts lots of exclusive shops. It has a very rich and nice atmosphere.

Eat
There's a wide choice of restaurants available throughout the centre. The best places to search are around the historic market squares: the Grote Markt, the Havermarkt and the Veemarktstraat all have a number of nice establishments. Some good options are:

Drink
Drink real Belgian and Brabants beer on Grote Markt or Havermarkt square. Explore the nightlife on Thursdays, Fridays and Saturdays around Havermarkt square.

Go next
Some nearby destinations of interest are:
 * Tilburg, student city famous for its 10-day-long fun fair in July, which is the largest in the Benelux.
 * Kaatsheuvel, equally famous for fun, as it is home to the Efteling theme parc.
 * Dordrecht, major historic trade port with a well preserved medieval old town and hundreds of monuments.
 * Antwerp. This historic Belgian town is less than 45 minutes from Breda.

title: Breda