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Talk:Motel

Motel (Brazil)
Curiously, in Brazil, Motel has another conotation. The term is used for Hotels that host suite rooms for couples. I heard some people reffering to these kinds of hotels (or Motels) as Hotels-by-the-hour or 1-hour hotel. The nicest Motels in Brazil have huge suites (some of them can have 400 or 600 square metters) with Jacuzi, dance floor, sauna, steam rooms and even retractable ceeling.

--Pinnecco 18:12, 16 November 2005 (UTC)

 * It's the same here in Taiwan, for many of the motels (especially high-end designer motels) are commonly used as hourly hotels. They have very huge room, some of them even have 2-story room with a mini waterfall or small swimming pool inside. Although they do offer a 12-hour long stay to motorists, most of the customers who go to this kind of motels see them as love-hotels which are very popular in Japan.--SElefant 16:41, 9 July 2006 (UTC)

It may be worth looking at some of the other-language Wikipedia articles on "motel" to see if there's any different international perspective. While the French article just looks like a highly-abridged version of this one, the Portuguese Motel article describes basically an adult motel for short-term (4 hours or less) occupancy with only token acknowledgement that the US original was a "motor hotel" for travellers. 66.102.83.61 (talk) 18:15, 27 March 2012 (UTC)

Brands and spam
This article has started to acquire links to various motel chains. If all chains in all nations are linked here this article will become mainly a linkfarm (and there would be no principled basis for limiting such links to the US and Canada). To avoid that it would be best to eliminate links to specific chains or brands, and allow links only to sites or pages which deal with the general subject. Kablammo 01:48, 14 December 2006 (UTC)

Motels in small countries like Pakistan
Motels are constructed between distant cities. But small countries like pakistan has motels inside a city. It is to introduce idea of motel in people. (Engineer Khawar Iqbal from University Of Central Punjab Lahore Pakistan) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 117.102.44.49 (talk) 05:08, 15 September 2007 (UTC)

Difference between a motel, a hotel and a resort
what is the difference between a motel, a hotel and a resort? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.94.150.36 (talk) 11:50, 26 June 2008 (UTC)
 * Motels are a kind of hotel which is inexpensive, basic amenities, placed on long roads between cities, and usually has a certain floor plan (as described in the article). A resort is on the other end of the scale: large, with many amenities, usually located in big tourist spots. (This is from a USA point of view; apparently the distinction is different in other countries.) 64.81.245.109 (talk) 19:37, 8 September 2008 (UTC)

Motels are providing more amenities these days, I can remember when TVs were rare and if provided were often coin operated; today you get cable TV, wifi, often a mini fridge, etc. Some hotels can be pretty basic. Wschart (talk) 19:44, 2 March 2017 (UTC)

Something about food in India
can we say motel to Dabhas (indian style food place)...jitendra bhatt, india, delhi —Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.162.59.66 (talk) 20:40, 11 July 2008 (UTC)

US POV
The entire article has an US POV at the moment. A slightly dominant coverage of the US is expected because motels were invented there but every single example is American. And any specific information is American. Hence I added the tag to warn readers. GizzaDiscuss  © 10:46, 6 January 2011 (UTC)
 * I should qualify my statement somewhat. Not everything is US-related as there is an image of a Malaysian motel but the other three are still American. GizzaDiscuss  © 10:49, 6 January 2011 (UTC)

I've re-added the tag. Didn't know it had been there before. Some IP removed it without explanation. I'll also cleaned up some images. There was serious overload.--Crossmr (talk) 11:09, 27 June 2011 (UTC)
 * One thing to watch is the "motels are being restored and preserved" claim. It's true of U.S. Route 66 where there is US federal funding under the National Park Service Route 66 Corridor Preservation Program; the "period of outstanding historical significance for Route 66 is 1926 to 1970" and everything from roadside diners to drive-ins may qualify for restoration matching grants. That doesn't mean that it's necessarily true anywhere else, whether in the US or in another country. To focus entirely on US 66 and presume the same restoration efforts are being done everywhere else is not only US-centric, but WP:WEIGHT on the eight individual US states served by that road only. Go anywhere else and these are dying a slow death.
 * I also note that the bit about "motel" as short-stay no-tell motel in South America was in this article here but removed. This connotation appears in both the Spanish and Portuguese languages; I've cited those language wikis (es:Motel and pt:Motel) plus one source used by the Italian version of this page. 66.102.83.61 (talk) 21:38, 30 March 2012 (UTC)

Heavy expansion
I saw nothing about the entire world, just the united states. I came here to learn about motels across the world, and what cultures they have. I already know what american hotels are like, seeing as I've been in several.Wikimann1234 (talk) 21:48, 16 November 2011 (UTC)

 * I agree that with the comments about that this article is very US-skewed. Of course, what complicates the situation is that, as I understand it, the motel is very much an institution which has arisen in the USA. What I am thinking of doing is to take the specifically US-oriented material within the article, and collecting this in a sub-section dealing with Motels in the USA. I'd appreciate feedback, pro or con, on this. 124.185.78.196 (talk) 21:14, 28 January 2012 (UTC)
 * Hmmm, i disagree with that. Motel is, de facto, american creation. I would fix (or remove) section "Timeline of motels in the United States", expaned History with more data, and Architecture with more international motel styles, and that would be it, i think. -- WhiteWriter speaks 21:42, 28 January 2012 (UTC)

 * International motels is what I was looking for. Main type of accomodation in a lot of places, though sometimes they share the trade with backpackers. Having a room with a kitchen instead of just a bed means you can save money\ensure you can get the food you like. 118.208.74.99 (talk)  —Preceding undated comment added 04:41, 29 January 2012 (UTC).

US POV again
This page was already tagged as once before as it is a US-centric mess. Someone removed the tag, not sure why, but I'm afraid I shall have to reinstate it given the latest attempts to turn this back into an article about the United States and remove English spelling instead of WP:RETAINing what was there. K7L (talk) 16:23, 23 July 2013 (UTC)
 * "When an English variety's consistent usage has been established in an article, it is maintained in the absence of consensus to the contrary. With few exceptions (e.g. when a topic has strong national ties or a term/spelling carries less ambiguity), there is no valid reason for such a change." Quoting from WP:RETAIN. The article was clearly established in US English (a perfectly acceptable spelling variety) for years before it was changed. A call to expand international coverage is NOT is any way, shape or form a call to change the variety of English used. So your edits actually disrespect WP:RETAIN and the entire WP:ENGVAR guideline and are wrong. Period. As for the international coverage, the international versions section, added after the previous tagging as part of a major expansion satisfied the need for the tag. Is the article a bit US-first? Yes, but as motels originated in the US, that is to be expected. It is clear, by your calling it "English spelling", there by denigrating US spelling, that you need to check WP:ENGVAR and understand it much better. oknazevad (talk) 16:54, 23 July 2013 (UTC)
 * I looked at this page and its history. It's a mess. Way too much detail about individual US motels that likely aren't even particularly notable. The rewrite only made this worse. Changing the spelling isn't going to fix that, the useless trivia needs to be removed and the page cleaned up. No one cares that some individual lodging in Baton Rouge that used to be good in 1939 is now a dump. Maybe this whole article should be sent for peer review? 2001:5C0:1000:A:0:0:0:AD7 (talk) 23:21, 23 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Can't disagree with that. There does seem to be a bit too muchl trivia. oknazevad (talk) 03:48, 24 July 2013 (UTC)

The bulk of this article appears to have been written in 2012 in English, but with an annoying amount of US-specific trivia. The user(s) who expanded the page mistakenly removed the globalise tag even though much of the new text added was sourced to one book "The Motel in America" or was specific to individual US motels, US-based chains or U.S. Route 66. There's way too much emphasis on the Route 66 Corridor Preservation Program given that it applies only to one decommissioned highway (a fifth of which no longer exists) in a handful of states in one country. On every other road, these are in decline and governments are not sinking massive subsidies into restoring these out of historic nostalgia. They're low-end properties even for their era (1950s and 1960s) and many have seen better days. The excess detail about this one country needs to go, it's undue WP:WEIGHT and mostly trivia. K7L (talk) 15:15, 6 August 2013 (UTC)
 * The article has been written in English since the start. American English is English! And for you to imply otherwise is ignorant and insulting. Cease. oknazevad (talk) 18:11, 6 August 2013 (UTC)
 * This article is not about the United States. If you want to create Motels in the United States, create it. K7L (talk) 16:27, 7 August 2013 (UTC)
 * There is NO requirement that American English be used only in articles about the United States! And, let me make this perfectly clear, since you don't seem to understand it; a "globalize" tag is NOT a call to change the variety of English used. And American English is the English language. There is not now, no ever been, any reason to change this article from the variety of English used by the first major contributor, as explicitly called for in the WP:RETAIN guideline. oknazevad (talk) 19:01, 7 August 2013 (UTC)
 * The bulk of the text was contributed in 2012 in English. WP:RETAIN says it should remain that way. The "globalise" tag and the amount of useless US trivia on this page is an entirely different issue, but also needs to be addressed. K7L (talk) 22:37, 7 August 2013 (UTC)
 * First, stop saying only British English is English. It's ignorant and insulting. Secondly, the 2012 text should have been added in American English, as that was the existing established variety, which WP:RETAIN says to keep. Re-read the part about first major contributor. That's what I fixed. oknazevad (talk) 01:59, 11 August 2013 (UTC)
 * The 2012 text *is* the bulk of the article. WP:RETAIN was intended to prevent exactly what you are doing... taking text and changing it for the sake of doing so. K7L (talk) 05:23, 11 August 2013 (UTC)
 * K7L, please stop hijacking the Motel article to British English. Read and understand WP:RETAIN. You can't convert the national variety of English just by adding a lot of text so that you can claim that the "bulk" of the text was in that variety. It says "the variety used in the first non-stub revision is considered the default." That goes back to the beginning, in 2006. There are also fairly strong national ties to the US. Chris the speller   yack  18:21, 3 November 2013 (UTC)
 * If you want to create Motels in the United States, create it. Please stop violating WP:RETAIN by replacing text originally written in proper English with some other dialect in existing articles. I am particularly concerned about a long string of edits in which you purport to be "translating French to English", my spell checker indicated clientèle *is* English, along with "centre" and a few others:
 * This is not an article about the US per se, nor about the US highway system. The U.S. Route 66 coverage needs to be split out so as not to give undue WP:WEIGHT to what is, alas, just one road (of which 20% no longer exists) in one country. This page is about motels worldwide. Stop hijacking this topic in the expectation the world revolve around the US. K7L (talk) 18:39, 3 November 2013 (UTC)
 * You have taken this discussion far afield. The use of "clientele" vs. "clientèle" has nothing to do with this discussion of national varieties, and your spelling checker is bonkers. The French word "clientèle" does not appear in respectable English dictionaries. You have changed this discussion to a general attack on my edits; this is not the place for that, even if such an attack were warranted. Stick to the topic, and go read WP:RETAIN again, where it talks about the first edit, and note that it says nothing about "bulk". Chris the speller   yack  20:31, 3 November 2013 (UTC)
 * Clientèle is a loanword and is valid English. WP:AWB is for non-controversial edits, not for pursuing some agenda against the existence of French words in the English language - something which has been happening since 1066 (and here, this is not independent of the UK/US split as "metre", "centre", "theatre" and a few others do use the French original spelling or something close in English, but not in the US). I've read WP:RETAIN but I've also read through the revision history of the article. The stub which was here before was replaced by a complete rewrite in 2012. The text that's here now was originally English and should have been left English. K7L (talk) 15:53, 5 November 2013 (UTC)

 * Please see Administrators' noticeboard/Edit warring. —BarrelProof (talk) 08:23, 27 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Permanent link here. oknazevad (talk) 12:18, 27 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Subsequently archived at Administrators' noticeboard/3RRArchive273. —BarrelProof (talk) 05:20, 1 March 2015 (UTC)

American or Canadian first?
An editor made this edit today, where they changed "as the Canadian and American" to read "as the American and Canadian". The edit summary stated "Canada inserted before American anonymously in March 2012. Changing it back." Naturally, I reverted this edit, and left the edit summary "if there is a purpose to reverting an inconsequential edit from 3 years ago, please discuss it on the talk page". Then, a different editor reverted again! They left the edit summary "because it was part of a pattern of inappropriate behavior, and because the motel was largely an American development originally, so putting Canada as primary is WP:UNDUE".

I'm just reading here about an edit war, and believe I have inadvertently stepped into it. No matter, I'm completely neutral in this, so may I ask if there was consensus some place (eg. on this talk page or at ANI) to forensically seek out 3-year old edits and revert them? I've only seen this done with blatant vandalism, but if a seemingly normal edit has stood for 3 years, reverting it twice, by two different editors, seems kinda like disrupting Wikipedia to make a point. But as I said, this rooting out of 3-year old edits may have been officially sanctioned someplace. Thanks! Magnolia677 (talk) 07:19, 1 March 2015 (UTC)
 * Like I said in my edit summary, it is one part undoing damage caused by behavior that was indeed decidedly disruptive and against consensus and guidelines, and itself was decidedly WP:POINTy. A look at the archived noticeboard discussion linked in the section immediately above this, along with a look at the article history, shows a clear attempt to hijack the article. The original edit was part of that, so its reversal is part of removing that disruptive element.
 * Especially when one considers this from a purely logical editorial position. Motels originate in the US, mostly along the U.S. numbered highway system, which was far better developed than any Canadian highway system at the time motels came into existence. So the ties really are to the US first, not Canada. Plus the usual concerns that the US has a far larger population, and the word "American" is alphabetically before "Canadian".
 * Really, there's no reason to list it the other way other than pointy, hijacking behavior. So to both deny the bad behavior, and to make a sound editorial decision, they should be switched. I personally wouldn't have bothered hunting out the original edit, just done it as a regular edit, but the effect is the same. oknazevad (talk) 13:39, 1 March 2015 (UTC)
 * Yes, that's precisely it. There are strong ties to the U.S. in the origin of the motel phenomenon, so it seemed decidedly strange to see Canada mentioned first in the summary of the origin. When I noticed that, my gut impression that it was probably the result of the agenda-pushing that's been evident here since about 2012 (and was the subject of the Admin noticeboard discussion referenced above). A review of the edit history seemed to confirm that suspicion. Perhaps on a different day I would have held myself back, but this time I did not. —BarrelProof (talk) 15:31, 1 March 2015 (UTC)
 * It may also be worth noticing that the source that is cited in support of that sentence contains no mention of Canada whatsoever. It mentions only places along the U.S. west coast "from San Diego to Seattle". —BarrelProof (talk) 15:48, 1 March 2015 (UTC)
 * – Aside from the obvious WP:TIES justification, "American" comes before "Canadian" alphabetically. So there really is no rationale to have that sentence read "as the Canadian and American". I suspect it was just trouble-making on the part of the few editors who feel this article is too "Ameriocentric", despite the fact that the "motel" concept and term both originated in the U.S. (hence the justifiable strong WP:TIES to the U.S. here). --IJBall (talk) 19:14, 1 March 2015 (UTC)

- I just looked through the article's history. Way back in March 2012, an IP editor inserted the line "as the provincial highways and the United States highway system began to develop" here. It appeared to be part of a number of good faith edits by that IP editor. Furthermore, when that line was added, there was nothing in the article stating that edits needed to be in American or British English. Well over a year later, in July 2013, User:Oknazevad made their first edit to this article. Since then, Oknazevad has made dozens of edits to this article, but it wasn't until yesterday--almost 2 years later--that they finally changed that IP editor's addition to read "as the American and Canadian"? Likewise, User:BarrelProof made their first edit to this article here in July 2013. That same editor has made several edits to this article, but just like Oknazevad, it wasn't until yesterday that SUDDENLY!! that 3-year old line "as the provincial highways and the United States highway system began to develop" became a must-change edit! The timing certainly makes it appear...you know...what's the word I'm looking for? Magnolia677 (talk) 15:55, 1 March 2015 (UTC)
 * Instead of impugning our good faith here, you really should read the recent WP:ANEW thread to understand the true story here. Namely that the article was written in American English first, and there has been repeated attempts to hijack it in violation of WP:RETAIN over the past few years. To bring an article in line with RETAIN and consensus is perfectly appropriate. And the other apparently innocent edits are clearly part of the same pattern of hijacking behavior. As for the timing, the entire issue was finally closed just the other day, as the editor who has been trying to hijack the article was finally told to knock it off. He was plain and simply in the wrong, and it took administrative action to get him to stop. In short, now that the low grade edit war and bad faith behavior is at an end, the damage can be repaired. Most immediately to the sentence, there's no mention of Canada in the source at all, making any mention of Canada at all WP:OR. It will be struck. oknazevad (talk) 16:13, 1 March 2015 (UTC)
 * Certainly the recent admin noticeboard discussion (which was not initiated by either myself or oknazevad) was a reminder that there has been a questionable effort to de-emphasize the U.S. in this article for some time, and probably prompted my suspicion about that sentence. Before that edit today, I had not edited this article in more than a year. As I said, perhaps on a different day I would have held myself back, and the March 2012 edit may indeed have been in good faith, but as noted above, the cited source doesn't even mention Canada, so the right thing to do with that sentence may be to remove Canada from it altogether. Canada is not supported by the source as being part of the origin of the motel phenomenon. If the suggestion is that Oknazevad and I are socks, that is clearly off-target and easily dispelled. (I have no recollection of why Oknazevad and I both became interested in this article, but we've had overlapping interests for years – perhaps I had noticed the article in their contribution history.) —BarrelProof (talk) 16:22, 1 March 2015 (UTC)
 * Strictly speaking, it is incorrect to say that "an IP editor inserted the line 'as the provincial highways and the United States highway system began to develop in this edit. The only part of that line that was inserted by the IP editor was the phrase "the provincial highways and" before the phrase "the United States highway system". Before that edit, the part about the U.S. was already there, and the insertion was not supported by the source. The same edit also changed "mom-and-pop" to "mum-and-pop", which was an WP:ENGVAR change to shift the article away from U.S. English. Other edits by the same IP editor at around the same time included various other WP:ENGVAR changes, such as changing the spelling of "colorful" to "colourful" and "signaled" to "signalled" and adding "favoured", "organise", "modernise", "co-operative" and "pro-actively" (which are not ordinarily hyphenated in U.S. English), and inserting the term "motorist hotel" as an alternative to "motor hotel" ("motorist" seems relatively rare in U.S. English), and inserting many other discussions about Canada. The edits by that IP editor show a clear pattern of trying to emphasize Canada and introduce non-U.S. spellings, and they may indicate the origin of what eventually led to the admin discussion a couple of days ago. —BarrelProof (talk) 17:00, 1 March 2015 (UTC)
 * It was shortly after that string of IP edits that Chris the speller noticed the WP:ENGVAR changes, as reflected in this edit. In addition to what is noted above, there were "Travellers" (vs. "Travelers"), "colour" (vs. "color"), "specialised", "standardised", "centralised", "mobilised", "popularised", "weatherised", "penalise", and the inclusion of an accent in "clientèle". Several of these changes were repeated in many places. There are way too many WP:ENGVAR issues that started around March 2012 for the changes to be inadvertent. It's almost as if someone were looking for every possible difference between U.S. English and other variants and trying to put all of them into the article. —BarrelProof (talk) 17:16, 1 March 2015 (UTC)
 * Note that the introduction of the various -ise spellings is actually contrary to the usual Canadian English convention as well as contrary to U.S. English (and contrary to British Oxford English as well). As stated in the Canadian English article, in Canadian English, "words such as realize and paralyze are usually spelled with -ize or -yze rather than -ise or -yse. (The etymological convention that verbs derived from Greek roots are spelled with -ize and those from Latin with -ise is preserved in that practice.)" —BarrelProof (talk) 18:34, 1 March 2015 (UTC)

Non-consensus article move
K7L just moved the article from Motel to Motels in the United States. I strongly object to that, and I have submitted a request to revert the move. If K7L wants to create a separate article about Motels in the United States and thinks it could be adequately distinct from the Motel article, I don't necessarily object to that. But it should not be done by destroying the edit history of the Motel article. I also suspect that the content of an article about Motels in the United States might contain a lot of unnecessary duplication, but I'm willing to see what might be proposed. One would think that after the recent fuss and page protection, it would be obvious that an article move would be controversial and should have been formally proposed and discussed prior to being performed. —BarrelProof (talk) 17:46, 1 April 2015 (UTC)

 * The split of the article to Motel and motels in the United States was proposed as far back as November 4, 2013 and received no response and no objections. Most of what's here was dumped here by an IP back in 2012 and sourced to one book, "The Motel in America (The Road and American Culture)" [Professor John A. Jakle, Professor Keith A. Sculle, Professor Jefferson S. Rogers] ISBN 0801869188 and is WP:UNDUE country-specific information which, if we need it at all, needs to be split out because of its size (53 kilobytes of a total 71 kilobyte page pre-split, much of it info about individual US chains - many defunct - segregation in the Confederate south, the Route 66 Corridor Preservation program and other topics irrelevant to motels in general outside one region of one country). This should not have been submitted as a "non-controversial request" if it reverts something which was already opened for comment and only received silence. K7L (talk) 23:56, 1 April 2015 (UTC)

 * Actually, the request to revert the undiscussed move was not submitted as a "non-controversial request". It was submitted under "Requests to revert undiscussed moves", as you can see here. In regard to the other remarks, I refer back to what I said before. I did not actually oppose the creation of an article about Motels in the United States. (Although I suspect that it might result in a lot of unnecessary duplication, I'm willing to see what article content is proposed for that; hopefully it would not just be a redundant copy of the existing Motel article.) What I objected to was the action of moving the Motel article to that name. Moving the current article to that name is obviously controversial and should not have been done (without being discussed first). —BarrelProof (talk) 00:34, 2 April 2015 (UTC)

 * I support the split 100 percent, but Canada should have been included with the US. Canadian and American motels are identical, and both are an ocean apart from European motels.  But this would have meant that the new article could have used either British or American English, which would have meant that the ridiculous language feud would have also followed to the new article.  I'm all for improving the project, but obvious improvements which are intentionally avoided lead me to direct the article's creator to... Do not disrupt Wikipedia to illustrate a point.  Canada must go into the US motel article.  If not, why not?  Be honest now.  Magnolia677 (talk) 00:55, 2 April 2015 (UTC)
 * Changed my mind. Splitting the article is a bad idea.  The new article should be deleted and whatever was added to it merged back into the motel article.  Magnolia677 (talk) 22:36, 2 April 2015 (UTC)

Motels in the United States spinoff?
OK, now that it seems most of the detritus accompanying this mess of a "move" attempt has been cleaned up, the issue would now seem to be what to do with the Motels in the United States spinoff article. As it looks mostly duplicative of this original, I'd suggest we plan on a merge, and conversion to a redirect as the plan of action, either under the umbrella of a WP:AfD request, or just as a "manual" cut-and-paste effort... Thoughts? --IJBall (talk) 05:47, 3 April 2015 (UTC)
 * As a clear WP:POVFORK, that's the only result that is acceptable. oknazevad (talk) 06:53, 4 April 2015 (UTC)
 * Oppose. There is a huge amount of excess, country-specific information which does not belong in the main article such as a lengthy description of the history of discrimination and Jim Crow segregation as it affected the traveller in the southern US (and just the southern US, pre Civil Rights movement). That content isn't motel-specific (the same complaints could be made about hotels, restaurants or just about any service essential to motorists in interstate commerce) but is US-specific. There's also a huge amount of excess detail about individual chains and organisations, some defunct, which only operated in the US. United Motor Courts? The American Hotel and Motel Association? Alamo Plaza Hotel Courts? The United States Numbered Highway system and the Asian American Hotel Owners Association? All interesting trivia about the history of lodging in one specific country, but meaningless to providing an understanding of motels in general. The "tourist guest home" is a B&B-style operation, so is veering off-topic for any motel article. The American Magazine "camps of crime" diatribe, which they attribute to J. Edgar Hoover? That's specific to one country's government... if Hoover even wrote it (and all indications are Courtney Riley Cooper ghost-wrote this, with Hoover playing along during the initial backlash and backing off only after "cabin court" operators started complaining to their congresscritters). The Negro Motorist Green Book tells us more about the Jim Crow south than about motels per se. The long list of every film, video or theatrical production which ever mentioned a motel is plain WP:TRIVIA. All of this tells us little about motels in general. Much of it is the product of over-reliance on one WP:RS, a printed book entitled "Motel in America". Take a look at the main articles for hotel or inn, they're a very general overview, they touch on the main points without going into excessive detail about one narrow subtopic or one country, then leave the details to sub-articles. If the Route 66 Corridor Preservation Program has subsidised nostalgic restoration of a few neon motels on one road in one country, great, note it in the article for that country - not in the main article on motel as it's not happening internationally and including it in the discussion of motels globally is actually misleading the reader. The fate of Amboy, California has more to do with Interstate 40 in California bypassing U.S. Route 66 than about motels specifically. Heck, why not create a proper Route 66 Corridor Preservation Program article instead of using motel as a WP:HATRACK; there's more to that programme than fixing up old motel signage? Dumping all of this into the main article yields a page where 5/7 of the text (about 53Kb of a 71Kb page) is country-specific history and trivia which does nothing to enhance our understanding of motels globally, and constitutes hugely WP:UNDUE weight to describing the fate of individual US motels ("40 Winks" in Ohio is a dump, "Alamo Plaza" in Baton Rouge is a dump, all of Aurora Avenue is a dump... this is getting really repetitive - but I'm sure that the reader will be greatly relieved that the Maples Motel family-owned in some obscure corner of Ohio is still business as usual). There's also way too much about some individual US chains which left the motel business to build hotels decades ago and never looked back. This has nothing to do with POV, it's just excessive detail which should never have been dumped back into the main article as the upper-level page (below hotel as the top-level) should be a concise, informative global overview and not somewhere to dump fifty kilobytes of country-specific detail about any one country. Keep the main article as an overview, keep the WP:SPLITOUT country-level page for the lengthy country-specific detail. K7L (talk) 13:45, 4 April 2015 (UTC)
 * If there is some unnecessary detail here, hypothetically, we can just delete it (and it will remain safely accessible in the history if it's desirable to use for some purpose later). We don't need to couple together the idea of removing things from this article with the idea of creating the other one. We don't necessarily need an article about Minor details about motels in the United States, and we also don't need an article about Motels in the United States if it will just duplicate much of the content of the Motel article. —BarrelProof (talk) 17:25, 4 April 2015 (UTC)
 * Go ahead and try... but don't be surprised if the next edit or the next revert war dumps all of the WP:TRIVIA and the WP:UNDUE coverage of individual US motels and chains back into the main article. I've been trying to bring the amount of irrelevant excess detail down for years, but even small changes only meet repeatedly with arbitrary reversions. Certainly this page shouldn't be a WP:HATRACK for in-depth analysis of racial segregation in the United States if that issue is not motel-specific (indeed, it pre-dates the appearance of the word "motel" in dictionaries in the 1950s) but is specific to one region or one country. Segregation is a valid topic... for some other, country-specific article. Not this one. The lists of individual motels in The Simpsons, Cars (film) and the like are just trivia and likely should have been removed and not re-inserted in this article. At the current time, 5/7ths of the article seems to be either country-specific detail, overcoverage or trivia. I'd hate to think what this article would look like in terms of Systemic bias if a book "The Motel in Latvia" existed and was over-relied upon the way "The Motel in America" seems to have been summarized and dumped here as huge blobs of text about individual US chains marketing and franchising. K7L (talk) 04:34, 7 April 2015 (UTC)

New wholesale WP:ENGVAR changes
K7L, I haven't had time to review all of the changes you are introducing to the article in the last hour or so, but I notice one type of change that I strongly object to. That is the major and obvious WP:ENGVAR changes. This has been discussed before. I see no justification for it. You replaced "freeways" with "motorways", introduced "favoured" and "car park", replaced "theaters" with "cineparks", replaced "automobile" with "motorcar", replaced "automobile tourists" with "motorists", replaced "restroom" with "water closet", replaced "travelers" with "travellers", added "modernisation", replaced "television" with "telly", and replaced "kilometers" with "kilometres". That is not appropriate. It is precisely the sort of behavior that was involved the recent edit warring dispute, as recorded at Administrators' noticeboard/3RRArchive273. Several editors (myself, oknazevad, Chris the speller, IJBall) have all objected to that same type of editing, and its inappropriateness was confirmed by Swarm as well. —BarrelProof (talk) 01:04, 2 April 2015 (UTC)
 * Not this nonsense again. K7L has already been blocked by Swarm, but that still doesn't deal with the underlying POV-pushing. Frankly, if one were to remove from this article all the material that is now duplicated at the Motels in the United States article, this article would be left barely more than a stub. That tells me that this article is not appropriate for a split, and the only reason to do such is to create a clear WP:POVFORK. Yes, it was proposed months ago, but the fact that no one else acted upon it makes it clear to me that there was no consensus for such a split, mostly because anyone reading this talk page could see that the proposal was not in good faith and was clearly made to force an inappropriate ENGVAR change against policy and consensus. This is all so very clear by the attempt by K7L, again, to hijack this article to change the ENGVAR, as seen in the reverted edits. There is no good faith editing here, and frankly k7L should be topic banned from this article, as he's clearly shown no ability to act in good faith here or abide by consensus. oknazevad (talk) 14:28, 2 April 2015 (UTC)
 * My suggestion is if K7L pushes this one more time, we should move for an Article ban for K7L at Motels – two years of behavior, and now two blocks, makes it pretty clear that they're never going to give up tilting at this windmill. --IJBall (talk) 23:52, 2 April 2015 (UTC)
 * Only one block, actually. It will expire in a few hours. —BarrelProof (talk) 00:42, 3 April 2015 (UTC)
 * Ah, you're right – I thought K7L was blocked last time, but I guess it was just a warning, with the article protected. --IJBall (talk) 00:53, 3 April 2015 (UTC)

The "Splitout"
Well, I went out and got a third opinion and that editor agreed that the "splitout" of Motels in the United States was justified, and this article should be trimmed (with any relevant material shifted to the "splitout" article). Honestly, I don't know where to start on that, but I thought I'd at least mention that this was the suggestion that was offered. So other editors may want to think about trimming this article, and shifting some of the content to Motels in the United States. FWIW. --IJBall (contribs • talk) 16:30, 29 July 2015 (UTC)

Tense
Why is the architecture section written in the past tense? --Sm5574 (talk) 14:06, 11 August 2015 (UTC)

Nomination of Motels in the United States for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Motels in the United States is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Motels in the United States until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article.

—BarrelProof (talk) 20:33, 21 January 2016 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Motel


text:
User:Armillary

A new member from Vancouver, Canada (January 2002)

Commentary below

"[It was probably a bad idea to pick a real word as my pseudonym]" Duh! LOL! Welcome from another "newcomer." :) User:F. Lee Horn

Hi FLH! Thanks. By the way, I moved the commentary to this Talk page User:Armillary

Good idea! (smile) User:F. Lee Horn

Armillary: Hi Armillary!... you really should disambiguate your name from armillaries (in case we ever want an article on them)... change it to [Wikipedians/Armillary] or [Armillary/The_Wikipedian] or something like that.. -- User:SJK

Okay, moved to Wikipedians/Armillary

Later moved to [User:Armillary] -- the Janitors

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Armillary


text:
User:Artlung

My name is Joe Crawford, I'm a web developer and my first career was as a respiratory therapist. I believe human beings ought to be able to share and have control over their words, their voices, their stories. This is why I am enthusiastic about the IndieWeb. My personal site and blog is at artlung.com.

I was born in 1970 in San Diego, have moved around a lot and and now live in San Diego, California, USA. I am proud to be user and sometime contributor to Wikipedia and have been doing so since 2001.

User Comments
Leave me a message using User Talk

title: User:Artlung


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User:AstroNomer/Articles

The watchlist made this page obsolete.

title: User:AstroNomer/Articles


text:
Talk:Quadrilateral

The classification picture
There could be tangential quadrilaterals which are also trapezoids. No? --203.186.238.243 9 July 2005 16:02 (UTC)

 * Indeed. Even tangential quadrilaterals which are also right-angled trapezia. (But not every tangential quadrilateral is a trapezium.) You're welcome to extend the diagram to add the new categories, though I think "cyclic right-angled trapezium" might be a bit obscure... Gdr 12:55:55, 2005-08-03 (UTC)

Shouldn't the isosceles trapezoid be between the trapezoid and parallelogram instead of between the trapezoid and the rectangle to be fully inclusive? An isosceles trapezoid has one+ pair of parallel sides and one+ pair of congruent sides, so wouldn't that all be inherited by a parallelogram? --Rockychat3 (talk) 02:58, 4 March 2014 (UTC)

 * To answer my own question, an isosceles trapezoid also has congruent diagonals, which a parallelogram does not, so not all properties are inherited. Symmetry is also not inherited.  --Rockychat3 (talk) 04:02, 4 March 2014 (UTC)

Diagonal table
The cell for whether an isosceles trapezoid has perpendicular diagonals says "Not in general", but the cell for whether a kite has congruent diagonals, which this same phrase fits equally, says "No". Any thoughts?? Georgia guy (talk) 20:58, 29 March 2013 (UTC)

 * I agree with GG, and changed the "not in general" entry back to "no". Special cases ought to be treated equally. Plus, nothing at Kite (geometry) nor isosceles trapezoid talk about these special case, probably because there's no new symmetry involved. If the articles note the cases, then perhaps a mark in the table could note that with wlink referencing why its noteworthy. Tom Ruen (talk) 21:11, 29 March 2013 (UTC)

 * I disagree because of the caveat I placed above the table. A kite can have equal diagonals only when it is a named subset of the set of kites. ( See apology below. )  An isosceles trapezoid can have perpendicular diagonals without being anything other than an isosceles trapezoid.   D b f i r s   21:26, 29 March 2013 (UTC)

 * Perhaps we could compromise by replacing two "No"s with a note that, although the most general trapezoids and isosceles trapezoids do not have perpendicular diagonals, there is an infinite number of (non-similar) trapezoids and isosceles trapezoids that do have perpendicular diagonals and are not any other named quadrilateral.   D b f i r s   22:09, 29 March 2013 (UTC)

 * What is a "kite with equal diagonals" called? If the equal diagonals have the same center, its a square, but otherwise, it's still just a kite to all the terminology I know. Tom Ruen (talk) 22:16, 29 March 2013 (UTC)

 * Yes, you are correct. (I'd missed seeing that!  Apologies to Georgia Guy.)  The whole table has issues.  Have we made it too complicated with the notes?    D b f i r s   22:34, 29 March 2013 (UTC)

 * I don't have a clear sense of what's most helpful. Perhaps every "no" has exceptions and could be explained, like "no, becomes a square", etc. With "no, in general" if there's no special name for the special cases! Tom Ruen (talk) 22:47, 29 March 2013 (UTC)

 * I think all the other cases are covered by the caveat above the table, but I'll not object if you want to make that adjustment.   D b f i r s   22:53, 29 March 2013 (UTC)

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Why don't we use the term 'quadragon'?
Is there a reason why we don't use the word quadragon instead of quadrilateral? After all it has the same meaning as hexagon (hex meaning 6) or pentagon (penta meaning 5)

So quadragon (quad meaning 4) should have some sense. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 185.69.145.97 (talk) 12:48, 2 September 2016 (UTC)
 * Because the word of that form that we (rarely) use is instead "tetragon". I don't know what history led to the different choice of root for the number four. —David Eppstein (talk) 15:57, 2 September 2016 (UTC)
 * -lateral is Latin and should use the Latin root for 4, hence quadrilateral. -gon is Greek and should use the Greek root, hence tetragon. In the case of triangle vs trigon (and using the latter name in polyhedra names usually implies you're a chemist), both Latin and Greek have tri- as the root for 3. Double sharp (talk) 03:07, 3 September 2016 (UTC)
 * Interesting comment Double sharp. If the word trigonometry (that studies the lengths and angles of triangles) stems from the old word 'trigon', then shouldn't the said word be renamed to triangleometry? Just a curious thought more than anything. I am not trying to instigate an edit war or anything. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.97.245.229 (talk) 18:54, 11 October 2016 (UTC)
 * If you want a language that is designed to be logical and consistent, then English is not for you. You could try Lojban, at http://jbo.wikipedia.org . —David Eppstein (talk) 20:05, 11 October 2016 (UTC)

David Eppstein, I was born and bred in the UK and English is my first language. Please don't ever insult me again. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.97.245.229 (talk) 22:49, 16 November 2016 (UTC)

 * He didn't. —Tamfang (talk) 20:40, 11 March 2023 (UTC)

If thats the case then why don't we call a triangle a 'trilateral' or a hexagon a 'hexalateral'? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.97.245.229 (talk) 23:36, 30 September 2016 (UTC)
 * Don't we? When I search Google for the definition of trilateral one of the results is a triangle. Same for trigon. Also, triangle is parallel to a third word for a quadrilateral or tetragon, namely "quadrangle". —David Eppstein (talk) 00:01, 1 October 2016 (UTC)

David Eppstein, I have known since I was a child that 'quadrangle' is an alternative name for 'quadrilateral'. Please do not take me for an idiot. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.97.245.229 (talk) 22:53, 16 November 2016 (UTC)

 * Again, "hex-" for 6 is a Greek prefix which would not usually be added to a Latin root... AnonMoos (talk) 17:36, 8 October 2016 (UTC)

Bretschneider's formula
I editted them.Could you check if it is right?The area of the Varignon parallelogram equals half the area of the original quadrilateral. This is true in convex, concave and crossed quadrilaterals provided the area of the latter is defined to be the difference of the areas of the two triangles it is composed of. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bretschneider%27s_formula Sorry,I misunderstanded a part.It was right about the part.https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quadrilateral&diff=1072455009&oldid=1072428222 ,and I editted a new part.this article's trigonometric formulas Couldn't it simplify like this?And I undid the not-organized part.--240D:1E:309:5F00:77B:76BC:5AAE:498E (talk) 03:24, 20 February 2022 (UTC)
 * And furthermore,we have this area formura.$$S=\frac{a\sin A(d-c\cos D)+(d-a\cos A)c\sin D}{2}$$I'll show the proof.As $$\theta$$ can make between extended lines,$$S=\frac{1}{2}pq\sin\theta$$ According to sine law and first cosine law,$$\sin\theta_1=\frac{a|\sin A|}{q},\ cos\theta_1=\frac{d-a\cos A}{q}$$Similary,we can proof about $$\theta_2$$.According to angle sum identity,$$S=\frac{1}{2}pq\sin(\theta_1\pm\theta_2)=\frac{a|\sin A|(d-cosD)\pm (d-a\cos A)c|\sin D|}{2}$$(Both $$\pm$$ is to omit the case of convex and concave quadrilateral.)If we check the sign in each case,it is like above.And we have this formura.$$S=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{p^2q^2-((d-a\cos A)(d-c\cos D)-ac\sin A\sin D)^2}$$ — Preceding unsigned comment added by 219.104.224.225 (talk • contribs)

 * This is original research, which we cannot use on Wikipedia. You can't just do math on a talk page and use it as a citation - you've got to cite it to something from an independent publisher. - MrOllie (talk) 22:24, 30 May 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Quadrilateral


text:
Method

Method (μέθοδος, methodos, from μετά/meta "in pursuit or quest of" + ὁδός/hodos "a method, system; a way or manner" of doing, saying, etc.), literally means a pursuit of knowledge, investigation, mode of prosecuting such inquiry, or system. In recent centuries it more often means a prescribed process for completing a task.

It may refer to:
 * Scientific method, a series of steps, or collection of methods, taken to acquire knowledge
 * Method (computer programming), a piece of code associated with a class or object to perform a task
 * Method (patent), under patent law, a protected series of steps or acts
 * Methodism, a Christian religious movement
 * Methodology, comparison or study and critique of individual methods that are used in a given discipline or field of inquiry
 * Discourse on the Method, a philosophical and mathematical treatise by René Descartes
 * Methods (journal), a scientific journal covering research on techniques in the experimental biological and medical sciences

Arts

 * Method (music), a kind of textbook to help students learning to play a musical instrument
 * Method (2004 film), a 2004 film directed by Duncan Roy
 * Method (2017 film), a South Korean film
 * Method (Godhead), the bassist and programmer for the industrial band Godhead
 * Method acting, a style of acting in which the actor attempts to replicate the conditions under which the character operates
 * Method Acting, a song by the group Bright Eyes on their album "Lifted or The Story Is in the Soil, Keep Your Ear to the Ground"
 * Method ringing, a British style of ringing church bells according to a series of mathematical algorithms
 * Method Man, an American rapper
 * "Method", a song by Living Colour from the album The Chair in the Doorway
 * "A Method", a song by TV on the Radio from the album Return to Cookie Mountain

Business

 * Method Incorporated, an international brand experience agency
 * Method Products (branded as "method"), a San Francisco–based corporation that manufactures household products
 * Method Studios, a Los Angeles–based visual effects company

title: Method


text:
Talk:Method

Should this just be a redirect page to algorithm? It seems like there is little that can be done with this except to 'define' it. Method could mean quite a few things though, so perhaps this is a candidate for disambiguation? I'm relatively new here, so will leave it up to others but thought I'd point it out.Rgamble

I was going to suggest, redirect it to scientific method, so maybe we better leave the dab page in place. dab (ᛏ) 07:05, 20 July 2005 (UTC)

Method (software engineering)
In computer science, method is a jargon term with a special meaning. However, "method" has no special meaning in software engineering. See for example, IEEE P14471 "Adoption of ISO/IEC TR 14471:2007 Information Technology — Software Engineering — Guidelines for the Adoption of CASE Tools," where "method" is used to mean a process of how to do or make something, as a synonym for process. Alternatively, perhaps the disambiguation page should include: Method (civil engineering), Method (driving a car) Method (basket weaving), etc.  Neurogeek (talk) 14:45, 24 September 2010 (UTC)

Method Family
I removed the link to "Method Family." A Google search does not give any results suggesting that this is a "family mainly from Europe." Also, this entry was poorly formatted suggesting it was fradulent. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 207.153.112.110 (talk) 01:12, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Method


text:
Brave Combo

Brave Combo is a polka fusion band based in Denton, Texas. Founded in 1979 by guitarist/keyboardist/accordionist Carl Finch, they have been a prominent fixture in the Texas music scene for more than thirty-five years. Their music, both originals and covers, incorporates a number of dance styles, mostly polka, but also some Latin American and Caribbean styles like norteño, salsa, rumba, cha-cha-cha, choro, samba, two-step, cumbia, charanga, merengue, ska, etc, all performed with a rock/worldbeat energy.

As part of their perceived artistic mission to expand the musical tastes of their listeners, they have often played and recorded covers of well-known songs in a style radically different from the original versions. Examples include polka versions of Jimi Hendrix's "Purple Haze" and The Doors' "People are Strange", The Rolling Stones' "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction" as a cha-cha, and "Sixteen Tons" as a cumbia. While their records may have a sense of humor, they are played straight and not usually considered joke or novelty records.

History and influences
In a 1995 feature in The Santa Fe New Mexican, band cofounder Carl Finch described Brave Combo's influence as a polka band with rock styles as an earnest way to escape an increasingly corporate cultural landscape, lamenting-

'Rock had been removed from the common people' he said 'and musically I wanted what I do to have depth, I started listening to polka and ethnic records I'd find at Target six for $5 — nothing could beat that. At first, I’d just buy whatever covers looked strangest but after a while I’d do research and find out what was good.' Among the best, he soon discovered, were names like Larry Chesky and his big band polka sound, Norwegian accordion virtuoso Andrew Walter (“exciting intense” is Finch’s assessment), and Eddie Blazonczyk, the “Godfather” of Chicago’s Polish community. 'All this came out of a sense of desperation'.

Brave Combo had its website at brave.com/bo, a domain hack. The domain name brave.com was purchased in 1995 by a fan of the band, who transferred it to the band in 1997. In mid-2010s, Finch sold the domain to Brave Software, which develops the web browser Brave, in exchange for bravecombo.com, which had been taken by a squatter, and an undisclosed sum of money.

Awards and honors
They won a Grammy Award in 1999 in the Best Polka Album category for their album Polkasonic, and again in 2004 for their album Let's Kiss.

In naming Denton, Texas, the "Best Music Scene" for 2008, Paste magazine cited Brave Combo as the "Grand Pooh-Bah of Denton bands" and said that "Brave Combo, is in many ways the template from which all the rest are cut: eclectic and artistically ambitious, with a high degree of musicianship and a strong DIY ethic."

Media appearances

 * 19801000-18-BraveCombo.jpg band made a short appearance, as animated figures, on the March 21, 2004, episode of The Simpsons ("Co-Dependents' Day"). Series creator Matt Groening is a fan of the band and they appeared on the show at his personal request.   In the episode, the band played a new original song called "Fill The Stein" and their version of "The Simpsons Theme" played over the closing credits.
 * Finch and other band members made cameo appearances in Talking Heads leader David Byrne's 1986 movie True Stories, set in fictional Virgil, Texas.  Finch can be spotted in the fashion show sporting a brick-patterned suit and in the parade leading the all-accordion marching band. (In real life, Brave Combo was David Byrne's wedding band.)
 * They appear in the 1986 Hank Wangford Channel 4 television series The A to Z of C & W singing the Hank Williams song "Cold, Cold Heart".
 * They contributed two songs to the Gumby album, released in 1989.
 * Their song "Busy Office Rhumba" was used as the theme for the 1993 Fox television series Bakersfield P.D.
 * They appear as a wedding band in the 1995 feature film Late Bloomers.
 * In 2000, they appeared on the national telecast of the MDA Labor Day Telethon with Jerry Lewis dancing along to the music.
 * They wrote and performed the theme song for the 2005 series "ESPN Bowling Night".
 * The opening theme and other music for the 2008 PBS animated series Click and Clack's As the Wrench Turns were produced by Carl Finch and composed, arranged, and performed by Finch and Brave Combo.
 * Their live music video, "The Denton Polka", appears on the Bohemia Rising DVD Compilation (released in 2009), a collection of documentary shorts directed by Christopher Largen exploring rebellion and resistance to corporate demolition in their hometown of Denton, Texas.
 * Included in Bob Dylan's 2009 Christmas release, Christmas In The Heart, the song "Must Be Santa", is performed polka-style. Dylan's arrangement is almost identical to the Brave Combo arrangement from their 1991 CD It's Christmas, Man!. In an interview published by Street News Service, Dylan acknowledged the influence of Brave Combo: "This version comes from a band called Brave Combo. Somebody sent their record to us for our radio show. They’re a regional band out of Texas that takes regular songs and changes the way you think about them. You oughta hear their version of 'Hey Jude'."
 * They were featured on Bowling for Soup's album Sorry for Partyin', playing a polka version of Bowling For Soup's song "Belgium".
 * The season seven episode "Fun on a Bun" of the animated science fiction comedy Futurama includes two original songs by the band plus a cover version of "The Chicken Dance". The episode debuted August 1, 2012, on Comedy Central.

Members

 * Carl Finch – guitar, keyboards, accordion (born November 29, 1951, Texarkana, Arkansas) (1979–present)
 * Lyle Atkinson – bass guitar, tuba (born October 23, 1953, Minneapolis, Minnesota) (1979–1985, 2015–present)
 * Danny O'Brien – trumpet (born July 12, 1966, Lakenheath, England) (1993–present)
 * Alan Emert – drums (born May 5, 1965) (1997–2008, 2010–present)
 * Robert Hokamp – guitar, lap steel, cornet (2015–present) *

Former members

 * Jeffrey Barnes – saxophones, clarinet, flute, harmonica, penny whistles (born July 27, 1951, Fremont, Ohio) (1983–2015)
 * Ginny Mac – accordion (2011–2013)
 * Tim Walsh – saxophone, flute, clarinet (born c.1952) (1979–1983)
 * Dave Cameron – drums (born c.1958) (1979–1983)
 * Cenobio "Bubba" Hernandez – bass guitar (born November 30, 1958, San Antonio, Texas) (1985–2007)
 * Phil Hernandez – drums (born February 5, 1971, Buffalo, New York) (1992 – ?)
 * Mitch Marine – drums (born c.1956) (1983–1992)
 * Joe Cripps – percussion (born January 5, 1965, Little Rock, Arkansas - missing, last seen October 19, 2016, Little Rock, Arkansas) (1992–1999), some subsequent performances
 * Greg Beck – drums (1996–1997)
 * Paul Stivitts – drums (born 1971) NYC
 * Ann Marie Harrop – bass guitar (2007–2009)
 * Little Jack Melody – bass guitar (2009–2014)
 * Arjuna Contreras – drums (born August 11, 1974, Kenosha, Wisconsin) (2008–2010)
 * Bill Tomlin – drums (born September 28, 1948)
 * Bill Tomlin – drums (born September 28, 1948)

title: Brave Combo


text:
CFG

CFG may stand for:

Businesses

 * China Film Group, a Chinese film studio
 * City Football Group, a British-based owner of football clubs
 * Citizens Financial Group, a regional American bank
 * Condor (airline), Germany (ICAO: )

Science, technology and mathematics

 * Characteristic function game, in game theory
 * Consortium for Functional Glycomics, a biochemical research initiative
 * Context-free grammar, in computer science, a type of formal grammar
 * Control-flow graph, in computer science, showing all paths a program might traverse
 * Configuration file, used to set up a computer program

Other uses

 * Canada's Food Guide, by Health Canada
 * Jaime González Airport, Cienfuegos, Cuba (IATA: )

title: CFG


text:
Spamdexing

Spamdexing (also known as search engine spam, search engine poisoning, black-hat search engine optimization, search spam or web spam) is the deliberate manipulation of search engine indexes. It involves a number of methods, such as link building and repeating unrelated phrases, to manipulate the relevance or prominence of resources indexed in a manner inconsistent with the purpose of the indexing system.

Spamdexing could be considered to be a part of search engine optimization, although there are many SEO methods that improve the quality and appearance of the content of web sites and serve content useful to many users.

Overview
Search engines use a variety of algorithms to determine relevancy ranking. Some of these include determining whether the search term appears in the body text or URL of a web page. Many search engines check for instances of spamdexing and will remove suspect pages from their indexes. Also, search-engine operators can quickly block the results listing from entire websites that use spamdexing, perhaps in response to user complaints of false matches. The rise of spamdexing in the mid-1990s made the leading search engines of the time less useful. Using unethical methods to make websites rank higher in search engine results than they otherwise would is commonly referred to in the SEO (search engine optimization) industry as "black-hat SEO". These methods are more focused on breaking the search-engine-promotion rules and guidelines. In addition to this, the perpetrators run the risk of their websites being severely penalized by the Google Panda and Google Penguin search-results ranking algorithms.

Common spamdexing techniques can be classified into two broad classes: content spam (term spam) and link spam.

History
The earliest known reference to the term spamdexing is by Eric Convey in his article "Porn sneaks way back on Web", The Boston Herald, May 22, 1996, where he said:

The problem arises when site operators load their Web pages with hundreds of extraneous terms so search engines will list them among legitimate addresses. The process is called "spamdexing," a combination of spamming—the Internet term for sending users unsolicited information—and "indexing."

Content spam
These techniques involve altering the logical view that a search engine has over the page's contents. They all aim at variants of the vector space model for information retrieval on text collections.

Keyword stuffing
Keyword stuffing involves the calculated placement of keywords within a page to raise the keyword count, variety, and density of the page. This is useful to make a page appear to be relevant for a web crawler in a way that makes it more likely to be found. Example: A promoter of a Ponzi scheme owns a site advertising a scam and wants to attract people to it. The scammer places hidden text appropriate for a fan page of a popular music group on the page, hoping that the page will be listed as a fan site and receive many visits from music lovers. Older versions of indexing programs simply counted how often a keyword appeared, and used that to determine relevance levels. Most modern search engines have the ability to analyze a page for keyword stuffing and determine whether the frequency is consistent with other sites created specifically to attract search engine traffic. Also, large webpages are truncated, so that massive dictionary lists cannot be indexed on a single webpage.

Hidden or invisible text
Unrelated hidden text is disguised by making it the same color as the background, using a tiny font size, or hiding it within HTML code such as "no frame" sections, alt attributes, zero-sized DIVs, and "no script" sections. People manually screening red-flagged websites for a search-engine company might temporarily or permanently block an entire website for having invisible text on some of its pages. However, hidden text is not always spamdexing: it can also be used to enhance accessibility.

Meta-tag stuffing
This involves repeating keywords in the meta tags, and using meta keywords that are unrelated to the site's content. This tactic has been ineffective. Google declared that it doesn't use the keywords meta tag in its online search ranking in September 2009.

Doorway pages
"Gateway" or doorway pages are low-quality web pages created with very little content, which are instead stuffed with very similar keywords and phrases. They are designed to rank highly within the search results, but serve no purpose to visitors looking for information. A doorway page will generally have "click here to enter" on the page; autoforwarding can also be used for this purpose. In 2006, Google ousted vehicle manufacturer BMW for using "doorway pages" to the company's German site, BMW.de.

Scraper sites
Scraper sites are created using various programs designed to "scrape" search-engine results pages or other sources of content and create "content" for a website. The specific presentation of content on these sites is unique, but is merely an amalgamation of content taken from other sources, often without permission. Such websites are generally full of advertising (such as pay-per-click ads), or they redirect the user to other sites. It is even feasible for scraper sites to outrank original websites for their own information and organization names.

Article spinning
Article spinning involves rewriting existing articles, as opposed to merely scraping content from other sites, to avoid penalties imposed by search engines for duplicate content. This process is undertaken by hired writers or automated using a thesaurus database or an artificial neural network.

Machine translation
Similarly to article spinning, some sites use machine translation to render their content in several languages, with no human editing, resulting in unintelligible texts that nonetheless continue to be indexed by search engines, thereby attracting traffic.

Link spam
Link spam is defined as links between pages that are present for reasons other than merit. Link spam takes advantage of link-based ranking algorithms, which gives websites higher rankings the more other highly ranked websites link to it. These techniques also aim at influencing other link-based ranking techniques such as the HITS algorithm.

Link farms
Link farms are tightly-knit networks of websites that link to each other for the sole purpose of exploiting the search engine ranking algorithms. These are also known facetiously as mutual admiration societies. Use of links farms has greatly reduced with the launch of Google's first Panda Update in February 2011, which introduced significant improvements in its spam-detection algorithm.

Private blog networks
Blog networks (PBNs) are a group of authoritative websites used as a source of contextual links that point to the owner's main website to achieve higher search engine ranking. Owners of PBN websites use expired domains or auction domains that have backlinks from high-authority websites. Google targeted and penalized PBN users on several occasions with several massive deindexing campaigns since 2014.

Hidden links
Putting hyperlinks where visitors will not see them is used to increase link popularity. Highlighted link text can help rank a webpage higher for matching that phrase.

Sybil attack
A Sybil attack is the forging of multiple identities for malicious intent, named after the famous dissociative identity disorder patient and the book about her that shares her name, "Sybil". A spammer may create multiple web sites at different domain names that all link to each other, such as fake blogs (known as spam blogs).

Spam blogs
Spam blogs are blogs created solely for commercial promotion and the passage of link authority to target sites. Often these "splogs" are designed in a misleading manner that will give the effect of a legitimate website but upon close inspection will often be written using spinning software or be very poorly written with barely readable content. They are similar in nature to link farms.

Guest blog spam
Guest blog spam is the process of placing guest blogs on websites for the sole purpose of gaining a link to another website or websites. Unfortunately, these are often confused with legitimate forms of guest blogging with other motives than placing links. This technique was made famous by Matt Cutts, who publicly declared "war" against this form of link spam.

Buying expired domains
Some link spammers utilize expired domain crawler software or monitor DNS records for domains that will expire soon, then buy them when they expire and replace the pages with links to their pages. However, it is possible but not confirmed that Google resets the link data on expired domains. To maintain all previous Google ranking data for the domain, it is advisable that a buyer grab the domain before it is "dropped".

Some of these techniques may be applied for creating a Google bomb—that is, to cooperate with other users to boost the ranking of a particular page for a particular query.

Using world-writable pages
Web sites that can be edited by users can be used by spamdexers to insert links to spam sites if the appropriate anti-spam measures are not taken.

Automated spambots can rapidly make the user-editable portion of a site unusable. Programmers have developed a variety of automated spam prevention techniques to block or at least slow down spambots.

Spam in blogs
Spam in blogs is the placing or solicitation of links randomly on other sites, placing a desired keyword into the hyperlinked text of the inbound link. Guest books, forums, blogs, and any site that accepts visitors' comments are particular targets and are often victims of drive-by spamming where automated software creates nonsense posts with links that are usually irrelevant and unwanted.

Comment spam
Comment spam is a form of link spam that has arisen in web pages that allow dynamic user editing such as wikis, blogs, and guestbooks. It can be problematic because agents can be written that automatically randomly select a user edited web page, such as a Wikipedia article, and add spamming links.

Wiki spam
Wiki spam is when a spammer uses the open editability of wiki systems to place links from the wiki site to the spam site.

Referrer log spamming
Referrer spam takes place when a spam perpetrator or facilitator accesses a web page (the referee), by following a link from another web page (the referrer), so that the referee is given the address of the referrer by the person's Internet browser. Some websites have a referrer log which shows which pages link to that site. By having a robot randomly access many sites enough times, with a message or specific address given as the referrer, that message or Internet address then appears in the referrer log of those sites that have referrer logs. Since some Web search engines base the importance of sites on the number of different sites linking to them, referrer-log spam may increase the search engine rankings of the spammer's sites. Also, site administrators who notice the referrer log entries in their logs may follow the link back to the spammer's referrer page.

Countermeasures
Because of the large amount of spam posted to user-editable webpages, Google proposed a "nofollow" tag that could be embedded with links. A link-based search engine, such as Google's PageRank system, will not use the link to increase the score of the linked website if the link carries a nofollow tag. This ensures that spamming links to user-editable websites will not raise the sites ranking with search engines. Nofollow is used by several major websites, including Wordpress, Blogger and Wikipedia.

Mirror websites
A mirror site is the hosting of multiple websites with conceptually similar content but using different URLs. Some search engines give a higher rank to results where the keyword searched for appears in the URL.

URL redirection
URL redirection is the taking of the user to another page without his or her intervention, e.g., using META refresh tags, Flash, JavaScript, Java or Server side redirects. However, 301 Redirect, or permanent redirect, is not considered as a malicious behavior.

Cloaking
Cloaking refers to any of several means to serve a page to the search-engine spider that is different from that seen by human users. It can be an attempt to mislead search engines regarding the content on a particular web site. Cloaking, however, can also be used to ethically increase accessibility of a site to users with disabilities or provide human users with content that search engines aren't able to process or parse. It is also used to deliver content based on a user's location; Google itself uses IP delivery, a form of cloaking, to deliver results. Another form of cloaking is code swapping, i.e., optimizing a page for top ranking and then swapping another page in its place once a top ranking is achieved. Google refers to these type of redirects as Sneaky Redirects.

Page omission by search engine
Spamdexed pages are sometimes eliminated from search results by the search engine.

Page omission by user
Users can employ search operators for filtering. For Google, a keyword preceded by "-" (minus) will omit sites that contains the keyword in their pages or in the URL of the pages from search result. As an example, the search "- " will eliminate sites that contains word " " in their pages and the pages whose URL contains " ".

Users could also use the Google Chrome extension "Personal Blocklist (by Google)", launched by Google in 2011 as part of countermeasures against content farming. Via the extension, users could block a specific page, or set of pages from appearing in their search results. As of 2021, the original extension appears to be removed, although similar-functioning extensions may be used.

Possible solutions to overcome search-redirection poisoning redirecting to illegal internet pharmacies include notification of operators of vulnerable legitimate domains. Further, manual evaluation of SERPs, previously published link-based and content-based algorithms as well as tailor-made automatic detection and classification engines can be used as benchmarks in the effective identification of pharma scam campaigns.

title: Spamdexing


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User:Puzka

Road Rug.

A road rug is a an Australian colloquialism used to describe the remains of an animal after it has been run over on a road by a car/truck etc. The term reflects the fact there is little left of the animal but a flattened skin, this is doubly so when a road-train is involved.

title: User:Puzka


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Control-flow graph

In computer science, a control-flow graph (CFG) is a representation, using graph notation, of all paths that might be traversed through a program during its execution. The control-flow graph was discovered by Frances E. Allen, who noted that Reese T. Prosser used boolean connectivity matrices for flow analysis before.

The CFG is essential to many compiler optimizations and static-analysis tools.

Definition
In a control-flow graph each node in the graph represents a basic block, i.e. a straight-line piece of code without any jumps or jump targets; jump targets start a block, and jumps end a block. Directed edges are used to represent jumps in the control flow. There are, in most presentations, two specially designated blocks: the entry block, through which control enters into the flow graph, and the exit block, through which all control flow leaves.

Because of its construction procedure, in a CFG, every edge A→B has the property that:
 * outdegree(A) > 1 or indegree(B) > 1 (or both).

The CFG can thus be obtained, at least conceptually, by starting from the program's (full) flow graph—i.e. the graph in which every node represents an individual instruction—and performing an edge contraction for every edge that falsifies the predicate above, i.e. contracting every edge whose source has a single exit and whose destination has a single entry. This contraction-based algorithm is of no practical importance, except as a visualization aid for understanding the CFG construction, because the CFG can be more efficiently constructed directly from the program by scanning it for basic blocks.

Example
Consider the following fragment of code: 0: (A) t0 = read_num 1: (A) if t0 mod 2 == 0 2: (B)    print t0 + " is even." 3: (B)    goto 5 4: (C) print t0 + " is odd." 5: (D) end program In the above, we have 4 basic blocks: A from 0 to 1, B from 2 to 3, C at 4 and D at 5. In particular, in this case, A is the "entry block", D the "exit block" and lines 4 and 5 are jump targets. A graph for this fragment has edges from A to B, A to C, B to D and C to D.

Reachability
Reachability is a graph property useful in optimization.

If a subgraph is not connected from the subgraph containing the entry block, that subgraph is unreachable during any execution, and so is unreachable code; under normal conditions it can be safely removed.

If the exit block is unreachable from the entry block, an infinite loop may exist. Not all infinite loops are detectable, see Halting problem. A halting order may also exist there.

Unreachable code and infinite loops are possible even if the programmer does not explicitly code them: optimizations like constant propagation and constant folding followed by jump threading can collapse multiple basic blocks into one, cause edges to be removed from a CFG, etc., thus possibly disconnecting parts of the graph.

Domination relationship
A block M dominates a block N if every path from the entry that reaches block N has to pass through block M. The entry block dominates all blocks.

In the reverse direction, block M postdominates block N if every path from N to the exit has to pass through block M. The exit block postdominates all blocks.

It is said that a block M immediately dominates block N if M dominates N, and there is no intervening block P such that M dominates P and P dominates N. In other words, M is the last dominator on all paths from entry to N. Each block has a unique immediate dominator.

Similarly, there is a notion of immediate postdominator, analogous to immediate dominator.

The dominator tree is an ancillary data structure depicting the dominator relationships. There is an arc from Block M to Block N if M is an immediate dominator of N. This graph is a tree, since each block has a unique immediate dominator. This tree is rooted at the entry block. The dominator tree can be calculated efficiently using Lengauer–Tarjan's algorithm.

A postdominator tree is analogous to the dominator tree. This tree is rooted at the exit block.

Special edges
A back edge is an edge that points to a block that has already been met during a depth-first (DFS) traversal of the graph. Back edges are typical of loops.

A critical edge is an edge which is neither the only edge leaving its source block, nor the only edge entering its destination block. These edges must be split: a new block must be created in the middle of the edge, in order to insert computations on the edge without affecting any other edges.

An abnormal edge is an edge whose destination is unknown. Exception handling constructs can produce them. These edges tend to inhibit optimization.

An impossible edge (also known as a fake edge) is an edge which has been added to the graph solely to preserve the property that the exit block postdominates all blocks. It cannot ever be traversed.

Loop management
A loop header (sometimes called the entry point of the loop) is a dominator that is the target of a loop-forming back edge. The loop header dominates all blocks in the loop body. A block may be a loop header for more than one loop. A loop may have multiple entry points, in which case it has no "loop header".

Suppose block M is a dominator with several incoming edges, some of them being back edges (so M is a loop header). It is advantageous to several optimization passes to break M up into two blocks Mpre and Mloop. The contents of M and back edges are moved to Mloop, the rest of the edges are moved to point into Mpre, and a new edge from Mpre to Mloop is inserted (so that Mpre is the immediate dominator of Mloop). In the beginning, Mpre would be empty, but passes like loop-invariant code motion could populate it. Mpre is called the loop pre-header, and Mloop would be the loop header.

Reducibility
A reducible CFG is one with edges that can be partitioned into two disjoint sets: forward edges, and back edges, such that:

 * Forward edges form a directed acyclic graph with all nodes reachable from the entry node.
 * For all back edges (A, B), node B dominates node A.

Structured programming languages are often designed such that all CFGs they produce are reducible, and common structured programming statements such as IF, FOR, WHILE, BREAK, and CONTINUE produce reducible graphs. To produce irreducible graphs, statements such as GOTO are needed. Irreducible graphs may also be produced by some compiler optimizations.

Loop connectedness
The loop connectedness of a CFG is defined with respect to a given depth-first search tree (DFST) of the CFG. This DFST should be rooted at the start node and cover every node of the CFG.

Edges in the CFG which run from a node to one of its DFST ancestors (including itself) are called back edges.

The loop connectedness is the largest number of back edges found in any cycle-free path of the CFG. In a reducible CFG, the loop connectedness is independent of the DFST chosen.

Loop connectedness has been used to reason about the time complexity of data-flow analysis.

Inter-procedural control-flow graph
While control-flow graphs represent the control flow of a single procedure, inter-procedural control-flow graphs represent the control flow of whole programs.

title: Control-flow graph


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User:Multiman

User page of Multiman

title: User:Multiman


text:
Daniel Chodowiecki

Daniel Niklaus Chodowiecki (16 October 1726 – 7 February 1801) was a German painter and printmaker of Huguenot and Polish ancestry, who is most famous as an etcher. He spent most of his life in Berlin, and became the director of the Berlin Academy of Art.

Family
He was born in the city of Danzig (Gdańsk) in Poland, and in a letter “in typical Berlin humor” wrote “that he moved to Berlin, Germany, which shows for sure, that he is a 'genuine Pole'.” He kept close to the Huguenot scene, due to his ancestry.

According to Chodowiecki himself, his Polish nobleman paternal ancestor Bartłomiej Chodowiecki lived in the 16th century in Greater Poland, though this is not confirmed by independent records. Gottfried Chodowiecki, Daniel's father, was a tradesman in Danzig and his mother, Henriette Ayrer, of Swiss ancestry, was a Huguenot. Daniel's grandfather Christian was also a Danzig tradesman, who had moved his business there from Toruń. When his father died, both Daniel (aged 16) and his younger brother Gottfried Chodowiecki went to live with their uncle in Berlin, who offered to educate them. In Germany Daniel received artistic training from the painter Haid in Augsburg. His brother also became a painter.

He and his wife Jeanne Barez (1726–1785) had three daughters, Jeannette (b. 1761, married the French reformed preacher Jacques Papin), Suzanne (1763–1819) and Henriette (1770–1880). Jeannette's daughter Marianne Gretschel née Chodowiecka Papin (1794–1870) and her son Heinrich Papin (1786–1839) also became artists.

Art
Soon Daniel was able to earn a living by painting. He was admitted to the Berlin Academy in 1764 and became vice-director under Bernhard Rode in 1788. He found his true calling and became the most famous German graphic artist of his time. His works include several thousand etchings, usually rather small, and many drawings and paintings. His book illustrations embrace almost all the great classics. His prints represent in great detail the life of the bourgeoisie during the Zopfstil period, a time between Rococo and Classicism. In 1797 Chodowiecki was appointed director of the Academy of Arts in Berlin, where he died on 7 February 1801. The bulk of his work was in illustrating scientific books by Basedow, Buffon, Lavater, Pestalozzi and others. He also painted many portraits of Polish nobility and was interested in Huguenot and Polish history as well, making some paintings on the subjects. He was in tune with the developing spirit of the age, and many works reflect the cult of sensibility, and then the revolutionary and German nationalist feelings of the end of the century.

In printmaking, he is credited with the invention of the deliberate remarque, a small sketch on a plate lying outside the main image. These were originally little sketches or doodles by artists, not really meant to be seen, but Chodowiecki turned them into "bonus items" for collectors.

Chodowiecki, though speaking only French and German (due to his offices in the Huguenot French community in Berlin he often spoke French), many times also declared his Polish allegiance and had his son Isaac Heinrich, born in Berlin, painted as a very young child with a Polish outfit and haircut. After the Partitions of Poland Chodowiecki wrote to Gräfin Solms-Laubach: "From my father's side I am Polish, a descendant of a brave nation which will soon vanish". In a letter to pl:Józef Łęski, a Polish astronomer, he wrote: "I consider it an honour to be a genuine Pole, even though I am now living in Germany". Because of his mother's and his wife's Huguenot descent he was very close to the Huguenots of Berlin. Nearly all his life and career was spent in Germany, writing in German and living in Berlin from the age of almost 17.

One of his most popular books is the "Journey from Berlin to Danzig" ("Die Reise von Berlin nach Danzig", 1773) with many illustrations. He purchased a horse rather than going by stage coach. This was his first return after 30 years absence and he went specifically to see his elderly mother and sisters in Danzig again. He made only one more trip to Danzig afterwards, to his mother's funeral. He describes and illustrates towns and people in Pomerania and Prussia on the way.

Chodowiecki is buried at the Französischer Friedhof cemetery in Berlin.

A short animation entitled "Chodowiecki", based on Chodowiecki's life and work, was produced in 2020 by Polish director Jakub Pączek. All the scenes in the film were composed of graphics by Chodowiecki, digitized, processed and animated for this sole purpose. The film is available free of charge at www.Chodowiecki.com.

title: Daniel Chodowiecki


text:
User talk:Multiman

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. -- Paul Drye

Baha'i Faith
Hello Multiman,

I am interesting in gathering some basic information on the earliest presence of the Baha'i Faith on wiki sites. I see your name as an early contributor, and since the earliest listed revision (by Arcade) seems to be continuing earlier edits, I'd really be interested for further background if you might know, as I see you listed as one such editor....

Thanks much! Brettz9 (talk) 19:30, 22 April 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Multiman


text:
User:Mincus

Who I Am
Just another random user on the internet. I run http://vegan-food.net/ and have been involved in Wikipedia since 2001. (When the Vegan article was just a dead link)

I have worked on Most of the Presidents (Inagural speeches), some rivers, fixing references to Babelfish and Babel Fish, and a whole slew of others.

 * Author of the perl module Mail::Webmail::Gmail.
 * Firefox extension Adsense Notifier

Old User Page
Describe the new page here.Woo. Here I am, new and all wet behind the ears. Just wandering around fixing tiny things and looking for some good large projects. 09.27.01

You have been busy! Welcome aboard. -- Claudine

Thank you! What great fun this is. How do you know that I've been doing things?

 * If you've entered a User ID under Preferences, the software logs that ID under the changes made to a page, otherwise it records your IP address. Recent Changes and each page's View other revisions entry shows who has changed a page, and when. -- Claudine

Work in progress:
 * Vegetarianism/Vegan
 * Fixing all references of babelfish to Babel fish (it should always be two words unless talking about Altavista

woo, my band has a page on mp3.com now. here

/ToDo

title: User:Mincus


text:
User:Mincus/ToDo

Full Articles -
 * Chernobyl

Flesh Out -
 * More President VPs and Speeches (you are on John Tyler - 10)
 * Greek Gods
 * Manhattan Project

 * See also : Mincus

title: User:Mincus/ToDo


text:
Jimmy Sturr

James W. Sturr Jr. (commonly known as Jimmy Sturr) is an American polka musician, trumpeter, clarinetist, saxophonist and leader of Jimmy Sturr & His Orchestra. Media outlets have often dubbed him the "King of Polka," with his recordings having won 18 out of the 24 Grammy Awards given for Best Polka Album. Sturr's orchestra is on the Top Ten List of the All-Time Grammy Awards, and has acquired more Grammy nominations than anyone in the history of musical polka awards.

Career
Sturr and his orchestra have performed at Carnegie Hall, Lincoln Center in New York City, Yankee Stadium and the Palace of Culture in Warsaw, Poland. When touring, the band rides in Jimmy's 45-foot customized tour bus, previously owned by Billy Ray Cyrus. The band has crossed genres and collaborated with numerous prominent musicians such as Willie Nelson, Brenda Lee, Arlo Guthrie, Boots Randolph, The Oak Ridge Boys, Mel Tillis, and Charlie Daniels.

A significant highlight for Jimmy Sturr & His Orchestra was when they were invited to appear on the Grand Ole Opry, the only polka group (and the only group with brass instruments) to do so.

Sturr hosts a syndicated radio show on stations including WTBQ in his hometown of Florida, New York, the station he once owned. He also has a weekly radio show on the Rural Radio channel on SirusXM. In addition to radio shows, he also owns and operates United Polka Artists, Starr Record Company, Jimmy Sturr Travel Agency, and a publishing company.

Discography

 * All American Polka Festival
 * All in My Love for You (1990 Grammy)
 * The Best of Jimmy Sturr and His Orchestra
 * The Big Band Polka Sound
 * Born to Polka (1989 Grammy)
 * Come on and Dance (Live from RFD-TV) (2014)
 * Come Share the Wine (2008 Grammy)
 * Dance with Me (1999 Grammy)
 * Double Magic
 * First Class Polkas
 * Forget Me Never
 * Gone Polka with Willie Nelson, Brenda Lee (2002 Grammy)
 * Gonna be Good Times (2017)
 * Grammy Gold
 * Greatest Hits of Polka
 * I Love to Polka (1996 Grammy)
 * I Remember Warsaw (1987 Grammy)
 * A Jimmy Sturr Christmas
 * Let the Whole World Sing (2009 Grammy)
 * Let's Polka 'Round with Charlie Daniels, Bela Fleck, Boots Randolph (2004 Grammy)
 * Life's a Polka
 * Live at Gilley's! (1992 Grammy)
 * Living on Polka Time with Bill Anderson, Flaco Jiménez (1998 Grammy)
 * Most Requested Hits
 * Not Just Another Polka
 * Please Have Them Play a Polka Just for Me (1988 Grammy)
 * Polka! All Night Long with Willie Nelson (1997 Grammy)
 * Polka Christmas
 * Polka Christmas in My Home Town
 * Polka Cola (Music That Refreshes) with Bill Anderson (2009)
 * Polka Fever (1978)
 * Polka in Paradise with Bobby Vinton (2007 Grammy)
 * Polka is My Life
 * Polka Party
 * Polkapalooza
 * Primetime Polkas
 * Pure Country
 * Pure Polka
 * Rock 'N' Polka
 * Saturday Night Polka
 * Shake, Rattle and Polka! (2006 Grammy)
 * Stir Up a Musical Mix
 * Sturr It Up
 * Sturr Struck
 * Top of the World with Arlo Guthrie, Rhonda Vincent (2003 Grammy)
 * Touched by a Polka with Mel Tillis (2001 Grammy)
 * Tribute to the Legends of Polka Music
 * When It's Polka Time at Your House (1991 Grammy)

Band members
Band Members

 * Jimmy Sturr - Leader, Vocals, Clarinet, Saxophone, Drums, and Trumpet
 * Johnny Karas - Tenor Saxophone and Vocals
 * Nick DeVito - Clarinet, Alto Saxophone, and Piccolo
 * Jim Perry - Clarinet and Alto Saxophone
 * Frank Urbanovitch - Fiddle & Vocals
 * Al Piatkowski - Accordion
 * Bill Ash - Trumpet
 * Kenny Harbus - Trumpet & Vocals
 * Rick Henly - Trumpet
 * Rich Berends - Drums
 * Rich Pavasaris - Bass Guitar
 * Ron Oswanski - Piano & Accordion
 * Tom Conklin - Bus Driver and Sound Manager
 * Mike Magdon - Sound Manager
 * Gus Kosior - Manager & Bus Driver
 * Barbara James - Assistant Manager

Reoccurring members

 * Nick Koryluk - Accordion
 * Joe Mariany - Clarinet and Saxophone
 * Ray Barno - Clarinet, Alto Saxophone, and Baritone Saxophone
 * Chris Caffery - Guitar

Past members
 * William “Bill” Hulle - Bass
 * Hank Golis - Trumpet
 * Kevin Krauth - Trumpet & Vocals
 * Al Noble - Trumpet
 * Ben Poole - Trumpet
 * Eric Parks - Trumpet
 * Paul Ketterer - Trumpet
 * Dana Sylvander - Trombone
 * Dennis Coyman - Drums
 * Bill Langan - Bass Guitar
 * Mike Ralff - Bass Guitar
 * Dave Kowalski - Guitar
 * Eddie Burton - Guitar
 * Lou Pallo - Guitar
 * Kevin Chase - Guitar
 * Walt Cunningham - Strings & Banjo
 * Ed Goldberg - Piano & Bass
 * Jeff Hoffman - Piano
 * Jeff Miller - Piano
 * Keith Slattery - Piano
 * Lenny Filipowski - Piano
 * Dennis Polisky - Clarinet & Alto Saxophone
 * Greg Dolecki - Clarinet & Alto Saxophone
 * Joe Magnuszewski - Clarinet & Alto Saxophone
 * Peter Kargul - Violin
 * Ryan Joseph - Violin
 * Steve Wnuk - Violin
 * Gene Bartkiewicz - Accordion
 * Wally Czerniawski - Accordion
 * Darlene Morrow - Violin
 * Mark Zaki - Violin
 * Steve Swiader - Accordion
 * Gennarose - Vocals
 * Lance Wing - Vocals
 * Lindsey Webster - Vocals
 * John Doolan - Equipment Manager
 * Bryan Doolan - Roadie
 * Thomas 'Tom' Karas - Accordion/keyboard (1983-1989)

title: Jimmy Sturr