text:
Talk:Leprosy

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Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 02:28, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Does it kill you?
All this is good stuff, but the article says nothing about whether or not this will kill you or often it does kill people, or how long it takes to kill someone. How many survive to live a normal lifespan? Can someone get better on their own? How successful are the various treatments?

I'm not a doctor, so I have no clue. But that is what I came to this article for and was expecting to see. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.243.2.77 (talk) 05:08, 25 January 2012 (UTC)

It needn't mention it, because it's not an issue. Tom W (talk) 19:04, 7 September 2012 (UTC)

 * That's a rather dismissive statement and not helpful to lay readers at all. It's also not accurate. — QuicksilverT @ 00:03, 7 March 2016 (UTC)

Leprosy in India
Numbers are completely off, there are still more than 100,000 infections each year. 122.176.214.163 (talk) 20:39, 18 November 2012 (UTC)

New fast test available in 2013
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/20/health/fast-new-test-could-help-nip-leprosy-in-the-bud.html?pagewanted=all

Did I overlook the initial symptoms of extremity numbness, eye tearing? 68.188.203.251 (talk) 14:34, 29 April 2013 (UTC)

Treatment available in Romania
The statement ”Although the forced quarantine or segregation of patients is unnecessary in places where adequate treatments are available, many leper colonies still remain around the world in countries such as” is incorrect for Romania and, I suspect, for a number of the other listed countries as well. The people who still live in Tichilești (the former leper colony in Romania) only do so now because, having lived with leprosy for so long before treatment was available, don't have anything left outside that community. The problem is lack of social integration; the statement implies that leprosy treatment is unavailable in Romania and that patients are unnecessarily isolated, which is false.
 * http://www.esquire.ro/articole/reportaje/inapoi-la-tichilesti.htm
 * http://adevarul.ro/news/societate/reportajIn-leprozerie-nu-alege-1_50c614c6596d720091e2d970/index.html
 * http://www.9am.ro/stiri-revista-presei/Social/19126/Leprozeria-de-la-Tichilesti-cea-mai-deschisa-lume-inchisa.html

— Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.119.99.124 (talk • contribs)

Merge transmission and Pathophysiology?
The Pathophysiology section appears to me (as a lay reader) to extend the transmission information and make that section redundant.

Also the opening sentence of the Pathophysiology is contradicted by the rest of the information in the paragraph (ie there is not definitive information about how transmission happens)

Is someone with more subject knowledge able to comment please?

Im a teapot (talk) 12:59, 8 August 2013 (UTC)

It is still unclear how leprosy is transmitted. --Whsf (talk) 18:31, 28 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Done merged. Doc James  (talk · contribs · email) 20:09, 28 February 2015 (UTC)

The pathophysiology section has reappeared with a single line which makes no sense. Should be deleted Drsoumyadeepb (talk) 11:01, 17 June 2015 (UTC)
 * The question is what is the mechanism between the infection and the symptoms which is the pathophysiology. Yes it could be expanded upon. Doc James  (talk · contribs · email) 06:44, 18 June 2015 (UTC)

Clarification request
This part of the first paragraph is a little unclear to me:

 * Contrary to folklore, leprosy does not cause body parts to fall off, although they can become numb or diseased as a result of secondary infections; these occur as a result of the body's defenses being compromised by the primary disease.[4][5] Secondary infections, in turn, can result in tissue loss causing fingers and toes to become shortened and deformed, as cartilage is absorbed into the body.[4][5][6]

The article is accompanied by photographs of people with stumps where their fingers should be. This seems to confirm the basic idea of the folklore: that leprosy causes its victims to lose parts of their fingers. So how precisely is the folklore incorrect? Is it that the fingers do not "fall off", they shrink? Or is it that the "tissue loss" is not caused by the primary disease?

Currently it reads like the result of several rounds of quibling editing. Could someone with more understanding of the topic please rewrite so as to make it more precise, more informative, and less argumentative?

Chappell (talk) 19 August 2013

(cut from) Signs and symptoms
This is all very interesting (below) but doesn't list the symptoms. It lists a single external sign; but nothing about what the patient experiences during early onset, established disease and later symptoms. This is a very poor article in this regard. (posted by User:Stonelaughter)

Moses as a leper?
In the section regarding the Torah, it cites an Exodus passage that shows God showing a sign for Moses to use if neccessary, in which his hand would temporarily become full of leprosy. But the article, giving no details about it, almost makes it seem as if Moses himself was a leper. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 186.9.132.133 (talk) 04:46, 21 December 2013 (UTC) But in the quran it says that Mose put hand in his shirt had came out with no disease — Preceding unsigned comment added by 184.98.234.71 (talk) 23:57, 2 February 2014 (UTC)

95% naturally immune
Neither of the sources given seem to support the claim that "95% of people are naturally immune". The sources should either be updated or the claim removed.

Edit: Here is a source I found that is relevant http://jid.oxfordjournals.org/content/199/6/801.full — Preceding unsigned comment added by 163.1.99.253 (talk) 23:08, 8 March 2014 (UTC) 24.50.151.151 (talk) 20:58, 12 January 2015 (UTC) http://bmb.oxfordjournals.org/content/77-78/1/103.full I also take the view that it is not 95% immunity but weakening as demonstrated 'extensive reduction of its genome,' It may well be that we all have leprosy to a underlying extent. I also believe the 'eye tearing' is indicative and a form of cytitis is noted in the article.
 * Removed poor source. Doc James  (talk · contribs · email) 13:40, 14 December 2015 (UTC)

Possible cause for development of Leprosy bacteria
Recent information shows that consuming fermented, rotten, stale food can develop bacteria (bacteria Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis) right in entrails itself and they then enter in body system finally causing infection of the disease. That may be the reason why we see that most lepers are found in communities who are very poor. Habit of eating fermented, rotten or stale food regularly such as Idli in India and bread in other parts of the world is responsible for this disease. Particularly stale idli, bread if consumed regularly that causes development of these bacteria. It may explain why poor localities find lepers more than in better placed societies.If this information which is still in development stage is found correct; we maybe able to control this disease by avoiding consumption of fermented food. Pathare Prabhu (talk) 13:17, 14 December 2015 (UTC)
 * Ref needed Doc James  (talk · contribs · email) 13:40, 14 December 2015 (UTC)

United States
Lists symptoms of infection rather than United States specific information, which are not cited and differing from the original symptoms section and endemic area section. First paragraph should be integrated into more appropriate section and symptoms if true moved to proper section. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sjwmcguire (talk • contribs) 02:23, November 25, 2014 (UTC)

B-class, top-importance article
Hi, everyone,

Who watching this page is interested in building up this Leprosy article to good article status and eventually featured article status? I see this article had a huge one-day spike in page views recently, which boosted its ranking for the entire year of 2014, but even with fewer page views, the article important rationale is strong, so how about boosting the quality of the article by referring to more reliable sources on medicine? Who would find this interesting do for 2015? -- WeijiBaikeBianji (talk, how I edit) 17:49, 25 January 2015 (UTC)

Article name and infobox entry
I see other editors are editing the infobox at the head of the article back and forth between alternate terms for the name of the disease that is the topic of this article. This issue ought to be easy to resolve. Articles about medical topics (broadly construed) on Wikipedia ought to be edited according to the Wikipedia content guideline on reliable sources about medicine. Medical doctors have systems for naming and classifying diseases, and whatever the reference books about those systems of disease classification say about this disease should make clear what the official name of the disease is (which is what to put in the infobox). Of course, the first sentence of the lede paragraph of the article should refer to all the commonly used names by which someone might be looking up this article, and there should be appropriate redirects from other terms to point to how this article is named (an issue distinct, perhaps, from what to put in the infobox). The infobox should definitely follow the medical reference sources, period. -- WeijiBaikeBianji (talk, how I edit) 14:57, 22 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Yes Doc James  (talk · contribs · email) 18:53, 22 February 2015 (UTC)

Not what article says
"India has officially been declared a leprosy-free zone. "

But article says "Recently India announced it had "eliminated" leprosy. That is a pretty bold statement. If something is eliminated you might expect it not to be there any more. But, according to a target set by the World Health Organization, elimination simply means there is now fewer than one case in every 10,000 people. Given India's vast population, this means there are more than a 150,000 new cases each year - 150,000 people each with their own story of leprosy."

That is not how the word free is used in English. Thus this sentence is misleading. Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 13:45, 13 June 2015 (UTC)

Names behind the cure
Unfortunately, Wikipedia is silent on the names of people who developed the treatment of leprosy that allows those afflicted to lead normal lives — Dr. Thomas Herald Rea (1929 – 7 February 2016) and Dr. Robert Modlin. See the articles in the Porterville Recorder and the Los Angeles Times on the occasion of Dr. Rea's death. Also see an article on the occasion of Dr. Rea's retirement in 2012, The Star — Radiating The Light of Truth on Hansen’s Disease, January – June 2012 Volume 64–13, page 3 (PDF). — QuicksilverT @ 00:03, 7 March 2016 (UTC)

What about Dr Paul Brand ?
"He was the first physician to appreciate that leprosy did not cause the rotting away of tissues, but that it was the loss of the sensation of pain which made sufferers susceptible to injury." --Jerome Potts (talk) 15:15, 3 September 2016 (UTC)

Misleading sentence in introduction
"Contrary to popular belief, it is not highly contagious." This is a very broad statement that appears nowhere in the referenced article. In fact, as far as I can tell, it is directly contradicted, at least with regard to "Multibacillary patients". I have noticed multiple incidences on this page where editors seem to have gone out of their way to reinforce the apparently unsubstantiated idea that Leprosy is non-contagious.

Here is the paragraph in the article most directly dealing with transmission:

"Although transmission of M. leprae is not entirely understood, it is thought that long-term exposure of the respiratory system to airborne droplets is the main route of infection.34,35M. leprae is not very virulent, meaning that most people affected with leprosy are non-infectious, probably because the bacilli remain within the infected cells. Multibacillary patients, however, excrete M. leprae from their nasal mucosa and skin.36 Close and repeated contact with these patients is also a source of transmission. Upon MDT treatment, however, the patients rapidly lose infectivity."

Saying that upon MBT treatment, Leprosy rapidly becomes less infectious is not nearly the same as saying that Leprosy is not highly contagious. By that logic, flu is not highly contagious because patients treated for the virus with antibiotics rapidly lose infectivity.

Feel free to comb the reference article and show me where that quote comes from: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1346-8138.2011.01370.x/full — Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.84.0.47 (talk) 05:36, 19 February 2017 (UTC)
 * "Not very contagious" is very very different than "not contagious".
 * We have lots of refs that support such as and
 * And this is just plain wrong "By that logic, flu is not highly contagious because patients treated for the virus with antibiotics rapidly lose infectivity." especially as antibiotics do not treat the flu. Doc James  (talk · contribs · email) 05:45, 19 February 2017 (UTC)

The ref we use is this one "Byrne, Joseph P. (2008). Encyclopedia of pestilence, pandemics, and plagues. Westport, Conn.[u.a.]: Greenwood Press. p. 351. ISBN 978-0-313-34102-1." Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 05:46, 19 February 2017 (UTC)

Removed from the lead
This is in the lead and well referenced "Leprosy occurs more commonly among those living in poverty."

Poverty is discussed in the body of the text.

THe body goes into further detail with "Leprosy is most common amongst impoverished or marginalized populations where social stigma is likely to be compounded by other social inequities. Fears of ostracism, loss of employment, or expulsion from family and society may contribute to a delayed diagnosis and treatment."

Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 02:56, 5 May 2017 (UTC)
 * Not sure why no discussion here? Doc James  (talk · contribs · email) 20:33, 7 May 2017 (UTC)

Ref says "There is an association between the incidence of leprosy and socioeconomic factors such as gross national product (GNP), personal housing expenditures and the number of persons per household, suggesting that improvements in socioeconomic conditions greatly contribute to the reduction of leprosy" supporting that poverty is a risk factor. Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 02:53, 10 May 2017 (UTC)

Other ref says "how rapid close contacts of leprosy patients are infected" indicating the requirement for close contact. The first ref also says "Close and repeated contact with these patients is also a source of transmission."  Doc James  (talk · contribs · email) 02:55, 10 May 2017 (UTC)

 * Additionally WHO says on page 136 "Poverty emerges as the single most conspicuous social determinant for NTDs, partly as a structural root determinant for the intermediary social determinants and partly as an important consequence of NTDs, either directly (leading to catastrophic health expenditure) or indirectly (due to loss of productivity)." and leprosy is a NTD. Doc James  (talk · contribs · email) 02:59, 10 May 2017 (UTC)

Histopathology of leprosy
Several images related to histopathology of leprosy can be found on Wikimedia commons here. One of these pictures could be used for this article. -- Netha   (talk)  08:34, 1 September 2017 (UTC)

Template:Gram-positive actinobacteria diseases
Should this template change "M. leprae" to "M. leprae / M. lepromatosis", and add diffuse lepromatous leprosy (which might need a swap for COMMONNAME)? ~Hydronium~Hydroxide~(Talk)~ 12:37, 15 April 2018 (UTC)

Text
Per this text

"Chaulmoogra oil was used for centuries in the Indian subcontinent despite limited effectiveness. This oil was developed by the American chemist Alice Ball into a treatment that allowed patients to return from leper colonies for the first time in the 1910s. "

No page number for the ref. Plus leprosy is not really contagious and people never should have been sent to colonies. No treatment was required to "allow" return other than the decrease in stigma. Would need a better ref for effectiveness. Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 03:13, 18 December 2018 (UTC)

Spread
Ref says "it may be possible that they can spread it to people" not that in a few cases they do. https://www.cdc.gov/leprosy/transmission/

The summary "and possibly from armadillos" thus better matches the source.

"Spread between people" is less technical than "person to person transmission" thus restored.

Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 14:41, 6 January 2019 (UTC)

Leprosy-Parkinson link: Leprosy
A stronger source is needed for this: "The region of DNA responsible for this variability is also involved in Parkinson's disease, giving rise to current speculation that the two disorders may be linked in some way at the biochemical level. (current citation: )

I cannot access this review: PMID 15653309 If an editor has access can you please see it if can be used in the Leprosy section?

Thanks, JenOttawa (talk) 03:16, 13 January 2019 (UTC)

Lead image
I removed the previous lead image of Leprosy (link to my edit) and another editor added in a more representative image of a person who has leprosy (link to their edit). I noticed that you replaced the new image today with the previous one, which I felt was more appropriate under the history section. I am not a Leprosy expert, so all input is appreciated! Would you mind sharing your thoughts on this? Thank you.

JenOttawa (talk) 01:22, 28 July 2019 (UTC)

 * Solved: -- Tobby72 (talk) 00:44, 29 July 2019 (UTC)
 * Thank you for your help . JenOttawa (talk) 16:25, 29 July 2019 (UTC)

Leprosy & plague
ISTR reading the claim that one of the aftereffects of the Black Death was a drastic reduction in cases of leprosy: Hansen's disease apparently renders its victims more susceptible to plague, & more likely to die. (One would expect some effect on the gene pool as an aftereffect of the Black Death.) However, neither this article, nor Black death mentions this. Did someone set forth this theory? And if so, is there any scientific/medical basis for it? -- llywrch (talk) 20:51, 3 March 2020 (UTC)

I would be highly appreciated if you will share a reference to the ISTR reading COM-03 (talk) 04:30, 31 January 2023 (UTC)
 * The are two factors for drastic reduction in cases of leprosy after Black Death:
 * Black Death drastically reduced the density of population and thus made impossible transmission of many epidemic deceases including leprosy and plaque itself;
 * Hansen's disease apparently renders its victims more susceptible to plague because there is additional vector of transmission (in addition to flea bite). Leprosy results in loss of sensitivity and therefore the small wounds are not noticed and not treated. Secondary infection is usual for leprosy patients. But in the case of touching of plaque sputum it will result in plague transmission. Note also that Black Death killed all it's victims regardless leprosy decease;

 * I honestly wish I could recall where I read that. If I could, I definitely would have updated the article at the time. Otherwise, it has to be treated as something to look into. Sorry I can't be of more help. :-( llywrch (talk) 22:40, 31 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Thank you. I think a "secondary infection" section should be definitely added to the article. I will search for scientific/medical sources ans add it. What do you think? COM-03 (talk) 00:59, 1 February 2023 (UTC)
 * IMHO that would be helpful. Even if your research showed it to be an urban myth, this would improve the article. One problem with many topics is that people dimly remember something they read or heard (as I had), repeat it, & it contaminates popular knowledge. So it's equally important to document erroneous knowledge as erroneous as it is to document verified facts. -- llywrch (talk) 07:10, 1 February 2023 (UTC)

R0 number missing
How can leprosy 'Epidemiology' section be complete without R0? 1.36. 2600:1700:4CA1:3C80:652F:AC6:FF98:E11B (talk) 00:19, 20 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Thanks for this suggestion do you have a suggestion of where we can find it? I would be happy to help continue improving this article. JenOttawa (talk) 17:12, 8 February 2021 (UTC)

Amazing article!
This is a great article and should be lauded! Yoleaux (talk) 18:52, 7 April 2020 (UTC)
 * We have just submitted it to the WikiJournal of Medicine! JenOttawa (talk) 02:40, 15 May 2020 (UTC)

Technology for people living with leprosy
Hello, it has been flagged that including information related to new technologies to help people with leprosy would be helpful to include in this article. I am sharing it here on the article talk page in case a student tackles this article for a course or someone has ideas of sources to add this information. I found one primary source that has not yet been cited. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17483107.2020.1804631?journalCode=iidt20 so would not be ready for WIkipedia yet. JenOttawa (talk) 04:41, 6 February 2021 (UTC)

name of disease
is there any Wiki policy about renaming something like "Hansen's disease" to "Hansen disease"? --2607:FEA8:FF01:4E54:D102:AFD3:629C:3C20 (talk) 15:31, 9 February 2022 (UTC)

I would also recommend changing the name of the article to Hansen's disease (also known as leprosy). I learned from Dr. Kalani Brady, a long-term physician for the people who were exiled to Kalaupapa on Moloka'i, who told us that leprosy is the stigma of Hansen's disease. I would love to see this change made.

Hansen's disease is also preferred by the CDC https://www.cdc.gov/leprosy/index.html and WHO https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-03118-y --Partpickle (talk) 01:32, 28 December 2023 (UTC)

Copyright problem removed
Prior content in this article duplicated one or more previously published sources. The material was copied from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6947775/ https://internationaltextbookofleprosy.org/chapter/co-morbidities-patients-hansens-disease https://www.embraceavillage.org/what-is-leprosy/?utm_id=Awareness-MXC&utm_medium=Leads&utm_source=CPC. Copied or closely paraphrased material has been rewritten or removed and must not be restored, unless it is duly released under a compatible license. (For more information, please see "using copyrighted works from others" if you are not the copyright holder of this material, or "donating copyrighted materials" if you are.)

For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from other web sites or published material; such additions will be deleted. Contributors may use copyrighted publications as a source of information, and, if allowed under fair use, may copy sentences and phrases, provided they are included in quotation marks and referenced properly. The material may also be rewritten, provided it does not infringe on the copyright of the original or plagiarize from that source. Therefore, such paraphrased portions must provide their source. Please see our guideline on non-free text for how to properly implement limited quotations of copyrighted text. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously, and persistent violators will be blocked from editing. While we appreciate contributions, we must require all contributors to understand and comply with these policies. Thank you. I dream of horses (Contribs) (Talk) 13:21, 17 June 2023 (UTC)

Treatment Section
Japan still has sanatoriums (although Japan's sanatoriums no longer have active leprosy cases, nor are survivors held in them by law)

This doesn't seem relevant to a leprosy article if the sanatoriums don't have active leprosy cases. 57.135.233.22 (talk) 22:33, 21 November 2023 (UTC)

Hansen's disease in popular culture
https://somethingpositive.net/comic/fun-armadillo-facts/ Eastmain (talk • contribs) 16:54, 19 January 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Leprosy


text:
House of Bourbon

The House of Bourbon (, also ; ) is a dynasty that originated in the Kingdom of France as a branch of the Capetian dynasty, the royal House of France. Bourbon kings first ruled France and Navarre in the 16th century. A branch descended from the French Bourbons came to rule Spain in the 18th century and is the current Spanish royal family. Further branches, descended from the Spanish Bourbons, held thrones in Naples, Sicily, and Parma. Today, Spain and Luxembourg have monarchs of the House of Bourbon. The royal Bourbons originated in 1272, when Robert, the youngest son of King Louis IX of France, married the heiress of the lordship of Bourbon. The house continued for three centuries as a cadet branch, serving as nobles under the direct Capetian and Valois kings.

The senior line of the House of Bourbon became extinct in the male line in 1527 with the death of Duke Charles III of Bourbon. This made the junior Bourbon-Vendôme branch the genealogically senior branch of the House of Bourbon. In 1589, at the death of Henry III of France, the House of Valois became extinct in the male line. Under the Salic law, the head of the House of Bourbon, as the senior representative of the senior-surviving branch of the Capetian dynasty, became King of France as Henry IV. Bourbon monarchs then united to France the part of the Kingdom of Navarre north of the Pyrenees, which Henry's father had acquired by marriage in 1555, ruling both until the 1792 overthrow of the monarchy during the French Revolution. Restored briefly in 1814 and definitively in 1815 after the fall of the First French Empire, the senior line of the Bourbons was finally overthrown in the July Revolution of 1830. A cadet Bourbon branch, the House of Orléans, then ruled for 18 years (1830–1848), until it too was overthrown.

The princes of Condé was a cadet branch of the Bourbons descended from an uncle of Henry IV, and the princes of Conti was a cadet line of the Condé branch. Both houses, recognized as princes of the blood, were prominent French noble families, well known for their participation in French affairs, even during exile in the French Revolution, until their respective extinctions in 1830 and 1814. Consequently, since the extinction of the Capetian House of Courtenay in 1733, the Bourbons are the only extant legitimate branch of the House of Capet. Although illegitimate, the House of Braganza traces its line to the House of Capet via their descent from Robert II of France through the First House of Burgundy, then through the Portuguese House of Burgundy. Peter I of Portugal fathered an illegitimate son John I of Portugal, founder of the House of Aviz who in turn fathered an illegitimate son named Afonso, who in turn founded the extant House of Braganza.

In 1700, at the death of King Charles II of Spain, the Spanish Habsburgs became extinct in the male line. Under the will of the childless Charles II, the second grandson of King Louis XIV of France was named as his successor, to preclude the union of the thrones of France and Spain. The prince, then Duke of Anjou, became Philip V of Spain. Permanent separation of the French and Spanish thrones was secured when France and Spain ratified Philip's renunciation, for himself and his descendants, of the French throne in the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713, and similar arrangements later kept the Spanish throne separate from those of Naples, Sicily and Parma. The Spanish House of Bourbon (rendered in Spanish as Borbón ) has been overthrown and restored several times, reigning 1700–1808, 1813–1868, 1875–1931, and since 1975. Bourbons ruled in Naples from 1734 to 1806 and in Sicily from 1735 to 1816, and in a unified Kingdom of the Two Sicilies from 1816 to 1861. They also ruled in Parma from 1731 to 1735, 1748–1802 and 1847–1859, the Kingdom of Etruria 1802–1807 and Duchy of Lucca 1814–1847.

Grand Duchess Charlotte of Luxembourg married Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma, and thus her successors, who have reigned in Luxembourg since her abdication in 1964, have also been members of the House of Bourbon. Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil, regent for her father, Emperor Pedro II of Brazil, married a cadet of the Orléans line and thus their descendants, known as the Orléans-Braganza, were in the line of succession to the Brazilian throne and expected to ascend its throne had the monarchy not been abolished by a coup in 1889.

All legitimate, living members of the House of Bourbon, including its cadet branches, are direct agnatic descendants of Henry IV through his son Louis XIII of France.

Origins
The pre-Capetian House of Bourbon was a noble family, dating at least from the beginning of the 13th century, when the estate of Bourbon was ruled by the Sire de Bourbon who was a vassal of the King of France. The term House of Bourbon ("Maison de Bourbon") is sometimes used to refer to this first house and the House of Bourbon-Dampierre, the second family to rule the seigneury.

In 1272, Robert, Count of Clermont, sixth and youngest son of King Louis IX of France, married Beatrix of Bourbon, heiress to the lordship of Bourbon and member of the House of Bourbon-Dampierre. Their son Louis was made Duke of Bourbon in 1327. His descendant, the Constable of France Charles de Bourbon, was the last of the senior Bourbon line when he died in 1527. Because he chose to fight under the banner of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and lived in exile from France, his title was discontinued after his death.

The remaining line of Bourbons henceforth descended from James I, Count of La Marche, the younger son of Louis I, Duke of Bourbon. With the death of his grandson James II, Count of La Marche in 1438, the senior line of the Count of La Marche became extinct. All future Bourbons would descend from James II's younger brother, Louis, who became the Count of Vendôme through his mother's inheritance. In 1525, at the death of Charles IV, Duke of Alençon, all of the princes of the blood royal were Bourbons; all remaining members of the House of Valois were members of the king's immediate family.

In 1514, Charles, Count of Vendôme had his title raised to Duke of Vendôme. His son Antoine became King of Navarre, on the northern side of the Pyrenees, by marriage in 1555. Two of Antoine's younger brothers were Cardinal Archbishop Charles de Bourbon and the French and Huguenot general Louis de Bourbon, 1st Prince of Condé. Louis' male-line descendants, the Princes de Condé, survived until 1830. Finally, in 1589, the House of Valois died out and Antoine's son Henry III of Navarre became Henry IV of France.

Bourbon branches

 * House of Clermont, later called House of Bourbon
 * House of the Dukes of Bourbon (extinct 1521 in total; extinct 1503 in the male line)
 * House of Bourbon-Lavedan (illegitimate), extinct 1744
 * House of Bourbon-Busset (non-dynastic)
 * House of Bourbon-Roussillon (illegitimate), extinct 1510
 * House of Bourbon-Montpensier, Counts of Montpensier (extinct 1527)
 * House of Bourbon-La Marche (extinct 1438)
 * House of Bourbon-Vendôme
 * House of Bourbon, Kings of France
 * House of Artois (extinct 1883)
 * House of Bourbon, Kings of Spain
 * Carlists (extinct 1936)
 * Alfonsines
 * House of Bourbon-Anjou
 * House of Bourbon, Kings of Spain
 * House of Bourbon-Seville
 * House of Bourbon-Santa Elena
 * House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
 * House of Bourbon-Braganza (extinct 1979)
 * House of Bourbon-Parma
 * House of Luxembourg-Nassau
 * House of Bourbon-Maine (illegitimate), extinct 1775
 * House of Bourbon-Penthièvre (illegitimate), extinct 1793
 * House of Orléans
 * House of Orléans-Braganza
 * House of Orléans-Galliera
 * House of Bourbon-Vendôme (illegitimate), extinct 1727
 * House of Bourbon-Condé (extinct 1830)
 * House of Bourbon-Conti (extinct 1814)
 * House of Bourbon-Soissons (extinct 1692 in total; extinct 1641 in the male line)
 * House of Bourbon-Saint Pol (extinct 1601 in total; extinct 1546 in the male line)
 * House of Bourbon-Montpensier, Dukes of Montpensier (extinct 1693 in total; extinct 1608 in the male line)
 * House of Bourbon-Carency (extinct 1520)
 * House of Bourbon-Duisant (extinct 1530)
 * House of Bourbon-Préaux (extinct 1442)

Family from India's claim to be a branch and their claim to The "Throne of France"
 * Bourbons of India, claim to be descendants of Charles III, Duke of Bourbon, of the first House of Bourbon-Montpensier.

As per the latest research carried out by Prince Michael of Greece and incorporated in his historical novel, Le Rajah Bourbon, Balthazar Napoleon IV de Bourbon from India is the senior heir in line to the French throne.

Rise of Henry IV
The first Bourbon king of France was Henry IV. He was born on 13 December 1553 in the Kingdom of Navarre. Antoine de Bourbon, his father, was a ninth-generation descendant of King Louis IX of France. Jeanne d'Albret, his mother, was the Queen of Navarre and niece of King Francis I of France. He was baptized Catholic, but raised Calvinist. After his father was killed in 1562, he became Duke of Vendôme at the age of 10, with Admiral Gaspard de Coligny (1519–1572) as his regent. Seven years later, the young duke became the nominal leader of the Huguenots after the death of his uncle the Prince de Condé in 1569.

Henry succeeded to Navarre as Henry III when his mother died in 1572. That same year Catherine de' Medici, mother of King Charles IX of France, arranged for the marriage of her daughter, Margaret of Valois, to Henry, ostensibly to advance peace between Catholics and Huguenots. Many Huguenots gathered in Paris for the wedding on 24 August, but were ambushed and slaughtered by Catholics in the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre. Henry saved his own life by converting to Catholicism. He repudiated his conversion in 1576 and resumed his leadership of the Huguenots.

The period from 1576 to 1584 was relatively calm in France, with the Huguenots consolidating control of much of the south with only occasional interference from the royal government. Extended civil war erupted again in 1584, when François, Duke of Anjou, younger brother of King Henry III of France, died, leaving Navarre next in line for the throne. Thus began the War of the Three Henrys, as Henry of Navarre, Henry III, and the ultra-Catholic leader, Henry of Guise, fought a confusing three-cornered struggle for dominance. After Henry III was assassinated on 31 July 1589, Navarre claimed the throne as the first Bourbon king of France, Henry IV.

Much of Catholic France, organized into the Catholic League, refused to recognize a Protestant monarch and instead recognized Henry IV's uncle, Charles, Cardinal de Bourbon, as rightful king, and the civil war continued. Henry won a crucial victory at Ivry on 14 March 1590 and, following the death of the Cardinal the same year, the forces of the League lacked an obvious Catholic candidate for the throne and divided into various factions. Nevertheless, as a Protestant, Henry IV was unable to take Paris, a Catholic stronghold, or to decisively defeat his enemies, now supported by the Spanish. He reconverted to Catholicism in 1593 and was crowned king retroactively to 1589 at the Cathedral of Chartres on 27 February 1594.

Early Bourbons in France
Henry granted the Edict of Nantes on 13 April 1598, establishing Catholicism as an official state religion but also granting the Huguenots a measure of religious tolerance and political freedom short of full equality with the practice of Catholicism. This compromise ended the religious wars in France. That same year the Treaty of Vervins ended the war with Spain, adjusted the Spanish-French border, and resulted in a belated recognition by Spain of Henry as king of France.

Ably assisted by Maximilien de Béthune, duc de Sully, Henry reduced the land tax known as the taille; promoted agriculture, public works, construction of highways, and the first French canal; started such important industries as the tapestry works of the Gobelins; and intervened in favor of Protestants in the duchies and earldoms along the German frontier. This last was to be the cause of his assassination.

Henry's marriage to Margaret, which had produced no heir, was annulled in 1599 and he married Marie de' Medici, niece of the grand duke of Tuscany. A son, Louis, was born to them in 1601. Henry IV was assassinated on 14 May 1610 in Paris. Louis XIII was only nine years old when he succeeded his father. He was to prove a weak ruler; his reign was effectively a series of distinct regimes, depending who held the effective reins of power. At first, Marie de' Medici, his mother, served as regent and advanced a pro-Spanish policy. To deal with the financial troubles of France, Louis summoned the Estates General in 1614; this would be the last time that body met until the eve of the French Revolution. Marie arranged the 1615 marriage of Louis to Anne of Austria, the daughter of King Philip III of Spain.

In 1617, however, Louis conspired with Charles d'Albert, duc de Luynes to dispense with her influence, having her favorite Concino Concini assassinated on 26 April of that year. After some years of weak government by Louis's favorites, the King made Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal Richelieu, a former protégé of his mother, the chief minister of France in 1624.

Richelieu advanced an anti-Habsburg policy. He arranged for Louis' sister, Henrietta Maria, to marry King Charles I of England, on 11 May 1625. Her pro-Catholic propaganda in England was one of the contributing factors to the English Civil War. Richelieu, as ambitious for France and the French monarchy as for himself, laid the ground for the absolute monarchy that would last in France until the Revolution. He wanted to establish a dominating position for France in Europe, and he wanted to unify France under the monarchy. He established the role of intendants, non-noble men whose arbitrary powers of administration were granted (and revocable) by the monarch, superseding many of the traditional duties and privileges of the noble governors.

Although it required a succession of internal military campaigns, he disarmed the fortified Huguenot towns that Henry had allowed. He involved France in the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) against the Habsburgs by concluding an alliance with Sweden in 1631 and, actively, in 1635. He died in 1642 before the conclusion of that conflict, having groomed Cardinal Jules Mazarin as a successor. Louis XIII outlived him but by one year, dying in 1643 at the age of forty-two. After a childless marriage for twenty-three years his queen, Anne, delivered a son on 5 September 1638, whom he named Louis after himself.

In the mid eighteenth century, the Bourbon monarchy had a faulty system for finance and taxation. Their lacking a national bank led to them taking short-term loans, and ordering financial agents to make payments in advance or in excess of tax revenues collected.

Louis XIV and Louis XV

Louis XIV succeeded his father at four years of age; he would go on to become the most powerful king in French history. His mother Anne served as his regent with her favorite Jules, Cardinal Mazarin, as chief minister. When Louis was age 7, Nicolas de Neufville de Villeroy became governor of the young king. The main childhood places of Louis XIV were the Palais-Royal and the nearby Hôtel de Villeroy. Mazarin continued the policies of Richelieu, bringing the Thirty Years' War to a successful conclusion in 1648 and defeating the nobility's challenge to royal absolutism in a series of civil wars known as the Frondes. He continued to war with Spain until 1659.

In that year the Treaty of the Pyrenees was signed signifying a major shift in power, France had replaced Spain as the dominant state in Europe. The treaty called for an arranged marriage between Louis and his cousin Maria Theresa, a daughter of King Philip IV of Spain by his first wife Elisabeth, the sister of Louis XIII. They were married in 1660 and had a son, Louis, in 1661. Mazarin died on 9 March 1661 and it was expected that Louis would appoint another chief minister, as had become the tradition, but instead he shocked the country by announcing he would rule alone.

For six years Louis reformed the finances of his state and built formidable armed forces. France fought a series of wars from 1667 onward and gained some territory on its northern and eastern borders. Maria Theresa died in 1683 and the next year he secretly married the devoutly Catholic Françoise d'Aubigné, Marquise de Maintenon. Louis XIV began to persecute Protestants, undoing the religious tolerance established by his grandfather Henry IV, culminating in his revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685.

The last war waged by Louis XIV proved to be one of the most important to dynastic Europe. In 1700, King Charles II of Spain, a Habsburg, died without a son. Louis's only legitimate son, the Grand Dauphin, as the late king's nephew, was the closest heir; and Charles willed the kingdom to the Dauphin's second son, the Duke of Anjou. Other powers, particularly the Austrian Habsburgs, who had the next closest claims, objected to such a vast increase in French power.

Initially, most of the other powers were willing to accept Anjou's reign as Philip V, but Louis's mishandling of their concerns soon drove the English, Dutch and other powers to join the Austrians in a coalition against France. The War of the Spanish Succession began in 1701 and raged for 12 years. In the end Louis's grandson was recognized as king of Spain, but he was obliged to agree to the forfeiture of succession rights in France, the Spanish Habsburgs' other European territories were largely ceded to Austria, and France was nearly bankrupted by the cost of the struggle. Louis died on 1 September 1715 ending his seventy-two-year reign, the longest in European history.

The reign of Louis XIV was so long that he outlived both his son and eldest grandson. He was succeeded by his great-grandson Louis XV. Louis XV was born on 15 February 1710 and was thus aged only five at his ascension, the third Louis in a row to become king of France before the age of thirteen (Louis XIII became king at 9, Louis XIV at almost 5 and himself at 5). Initially, the regency was held by Philippe, Duke of Orléans, Louis XIV's nephew, as nearest adult male to the throne. This Régence was seen as a period of greater individual expression, manifested in secular, artistic, literary and colonial activity, in contrast to the austere latter years of Louis XIV's reign.

Following Orléans' death in 1723, the Duke of Bourbon, representative of the Bourbon-Condé cadet line, became prime minister. It was expected that Louis would marry his cousin, the daughter of King Philip V of Spain, but this engagement was broken by the duke in 1725 so that Louis could marry Marie Leszczyńska, the daughter of Stanislas, former king of Poland. Bourbon's motive appears to have been a desire to produce an heir as soon as possible so as to reduce the chances of a succession dispute between Philip V and the Duke of Orléans in the event of the sickly king's death. Maria was already an adult woman at the time of the marriage, while the infanta was still a young girl.

Nevertheless, Bourbon's action brought a very negative response from Spain, and for his incompetence Bourbon was soon replaced by Cardinal André-Hercule de Fleury, the young king's tutor, in 1726. Fleury was a peace-loving man who intended to keep France out of war, but circumstances presented themselves that made this impossible.

The first cause of these wars came in 1733 when Augustus II, the elector of Saxony and king of Poland died. With French support, Stanislas was again elected king. This brought France into conflict with Russia and Austria who supported Augustus III, Elector of Saxony and son of Augustus II.

Stanislas lost the Polish crown, but he was given the Duchy of Lorraine as compensation, which would pass to France after his death in 1766. Next came the War of the Austrian Succession in 1740 in which France supported King Frederick II of Prussia against Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria and Queen of Hungary. Fleury died in 1743 before the conclusion of the war.

Shortly after Fleury's death in 1745 Louis was influenced by his mistress the Marquise de Pompadour to reverse the policy of France in 1756 by creating an alliance with Austria against Prussia in the Seven Years' War. The war was a disaster for France, which lost most of her overseas possessions to the British in the Treaty of Paris (1763). Maria, his wife, died in 1768 and Louis himself died on 10 May 1774.

French Revolution
Louis XVI had become the Dauphin of France upon the death of his father Louis, the son of Louis XV, in 1765. He married Marie Antoinette of Austria, a daughter of Holy Roman Empress Maria Theresa, in 1770. Louis intervened in the American Revolution against Britain in 1778, but he is most remembered for his role in the French Revolution. France was in financial turmoil and Louis was forced to convene the Estates-General on 5 May 1789.

They formed the National Assembly and forced Louis to accept a constitution that limited his powers on 14 July 1789. He tried to flee France in June 1791, but was captured. The French monarchy was abolished on 21 September 1792 and a republic was proclaimed. The chain of Bourbon monarchs begun in 1589 was broken. Louis XVI was executed on 21 January 1793.

Marie Antoinette and her son, Louis, were held as prisoners. Many French royalists proclaimed him Louis XVII, but he never reigned. She was executed on 16 October 1793. He died of tuberculosis on 8 June 1795 at the age of ten while in captivity.

The French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars spread nationalism and anti-absolutism throughout Europe, and the other Bourbon monarchs were threatened. Ferdinand IV was forced to flee from Naples in 1806 when Napoleon Bonaparte deposed him and installed his brother, Joseph, as king. Ferdinand continued to rule from Sicily until 1815.

Napoleon conquered Parma in 1800 and compensated the Bourbon duke with Etruria, a new kingdom he created from the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. It was short-lived, counting only two monarchs, Louis and Louis II, as Napoleon annexed Etruria in 1807.

King Charles IV of Spain had been an ally of France. He succeeded his father, Charles III, in 1788. At first he declared war on France on 7 March 1793, but he made peace on 22 June 1795. This peace became an alliance on 19 August 1796. His chief minister, Manuel de Godoy convinced Charles that his son, Ferdinand, was plotting to overthrow him. Napoleon exploited the situation and invaded Spain in March 1808. This led to an uprising that forced Charles to abdicate on 19 March 1808 in favor of his son, who became Ferdinand VII. Napoleon forced Ferdinand to return the crown to Charles on 30 April and then convinced Charles to relinquish it to him on 10 May 1808. In turn, he gave it to his brother, Joseph, king of Naples on 6 June 1808. Joseph abandoned Naples to Joachim Murat, the husband of Napoleon's sister. This was very unpopular in Spain and resulted in the Peninsular War, a struggle that would contribute to the downfall of Napoleon.

Bourbon Restoration

With the abdication of Napoleon on 11 April 1814 the Bourbon dynasty was restored to the Kingdom of France in the person of Louis XVIII, brother of Louis XVI. Napoleon escaped from exile and Louis fled in March 1815. Louis was again restored after the Battle of Waterloo on 7 July 1815.

The conservative elements of Europe dominated the post-Napoleonic age, but the values of the French Revolution could not be easily swept aside. Louis granted a constitution on 14 June 1814 to appease the liberals, but the ultra-royalist party, led by his brother, Charles, continued to influence his reign. When he died in 1824 his brother became king as Charles X much to the dismay of French liberals. In a saying ascribed to Talleyrand, "they had learned nothing and forgotten nothing."

Aftermath
Charles passed several laws that appealed to the upper class, but angered the middle class. The situation came to a head when he appointed a new minister on 8 August 1829 who did not have the confidence of the Chamber of Deputies. The chamber censured the king on 18 March 1830 and in response Charles proclaimed the July Ordinances on 26 July 1830 intended to silence criticism against him. This resulted in the July Revolution.

As a compromise the crown was offered to Louis Philippe, duke of Orléans, a descendant of the brother of Louis XIV, and the head of the Orléanist cadet branch of the Bourbons. Agreeing to reign constitutionally and under the tricolour, he was proclaimed King of the French on 7 August 1847. The resulting regime, known as the July Monarchy, lasted until the Revolution of 1848. The Bourbon monarchy in France ended on 24 February 1848, when Louis Philippe was forced to abdicate and the short-lived Second Republic was established.

Some Legitimists refused to recognize the Orléanist monarchy. After the death of Charles in 1836 his son was proclaimed Louis XIX, though this title was never formally recognized. Charles' grandson Henri, Count of Chambord, the last Bourbon claimant of the French crown, was proclaimed by some Henry V, but the French monarchy was never restored.

Following the 1870 collapse of the Second French Empire of Emperor Napoleon III, Henri was offered a restored throne. However Chambord refused to accept the throne unless France abandoned the revolution-inspired tricolour and accepted what he regarded as the true Bourbon flag of France, featuring the fleur-de-lis. The tricolour, originally associated with the French Revolution and the First Republic, had been used by the July Monarchy, the Second Republic and both Empires; the French National Assembly could not possibly agree.

A temporary Third Republic was established, while monarchists waited for the comte de Chambord to die and for the succession to pass to Prince Philippe, Count of Paris, who was willing to accept the tricolour. Henri lived until 1883, by which time public opinion had come to accept the republic as the "form of government that divides us least." His death without issue marked the extinction of the main line of the French Bourbons. Thus the head of the House of Bourbon became Juan, Count of Montizón of the Spanish line of the house who was also Carlist claimant to the throne of Spain, and had become the senior male of the dynasty by primogeniture. His heir as eldest Bourbon and head of the house is today Louis Alphonse, Duke of Anjou.

However the terms of the Peace of Utrecht forbade the descendants of Philip V of Spain from inheriting the throne of France, therefore many monarchists recognised the Orléans line as heirs to the French throne.

By an ordinance of Louis Philippe I of 13 August 1830, it was decided that the king's children (and his sister) would continue to bear the arms of Orléans, that Louis-Philippe's eldest son, as Prince Royal, would bear the title of Duke of Orléans, that the younger sons would continue to have their existing titles, and that the sister and daughters of the king would be styled Royal Highness and "d'Orléans," but the Orléans dynasts did not take the name "of France."

Philip V
The Spanish branch of the House of Bourbon, also known as the House of Bourbon-Anjou, was founded by Philip V. He was born in 1683 at Versailles, the second son of the Grand Dauphin, who was eldest son of Louis XIV. He was Duke of Anjou and probably never expected to be raised to a rank higher than that. However, King Charles II of Spain, dying without issue, willed the throne to his grand-nephew the Duke of Anjou, who was the younger grandson of his eldest sister Marie-Thérèse, who had married Louis XIV.

The prospect of Bourbons on both the French and Spanish thrones was resisted as creating an imbalance of power in Europe by its powers and, upon Charles II's death on 1 November 1700, a Grand Alliance of European nations united against Philip. This was known as the War of the Spanish Succession. In the Treaty of Utrecht, signed on 11 April 1713, Philip was recognized as king of Spain but his renunciation of succession rights to France was affirmed and, of the Spanish Empire's other European territories, Sicily was ceded to Savoy, and the Spanish Netherlands, Milan, and Naples were allotted to the Austrian Habsburgs.

Philip had two sons by his first wife. After her death, he married Elisabeth Farnese, niece of Francesco Farnese, Duke of Parma, in 1714. She presented Philip with three sons, for whom she had ambitions of securing Italian crowns. She therefore induced Philip to occupy Sardinia and Sicily in 1717.

A Quadruple Alliance of Britain, France, Austria and the Netherlands was organized on 2 August 1718 to stop him. In the Treaty of The Hague, signed on 17 February 1720, Philip renounced his conquests of Sardinia and Sicily, but he assured the ascension of his eldest son by Elisabeth to the Duchy of Parma upon the reigning duke's death. Philip abdicated in January 1724 in favor of Louis I, his eldest son with his first wife, but Louis died in August and Philip resumed the crown.

When the War of the Polish Succession began in 1733, Philip and Elisabeth saw another opportunity to advance the claims of their sons and recover at least part of the former possessions of the Spanish crown on the Italian peninsula. Philip signed the Family Compact with Louis XV, his nephew and king of France. Charles, Duke of Parma since 1731, invaded Naples. At the conclusion of peace on 13 November 1738, control of Parma and Piacenza was ceded to Austria, which had occupied the duchies but was now forced to recognise Charles as king of Naples and Sicily. Philip also used the War of the Austrian Succession to win back control of Parma. He did not live to see it to its conclusion, however, dying in 1746.

Ferdinand VI and Charles III
Ferdinand VI, second son of Philip V and his first wife, succeeded his father. He was a peace-loving monarch who kept Spain out of the Seven Years' War. He died in 1759 in the midst of that conflict and was succeeded by his half-brother Charles III, already reigning as king in Naples and Sicily.

Following Spain's victory over the Austrians at the Battle of Bitonto, it proved inexpedient to reunite Naples and Sicily to Spain, so as a compromise Charles became King of Naples, as Charles IV and VII of Sicily. Following Charles' accession to the Spanish throne in 1759, he was required, by the Treaty of Naples of 3 October 1759, to abdicate Naples and Sicily to his third son, Ferdinand, thus initiating the branch known as the Neapolitan Bourbons.

Charles revived the Family Compact with France on 15 August 1761 and joined in the Seven Years' War against Britain in 1762; the reformist policies he had espoused in Naples were pursued with similar energy in Spain, where he completely overhauled the cumbersome bureaucracy of the state. As a French ally, he opposed Britain during the American Revolution in June 1779, supplying large quantities of weapons and munitions to the rebels and keeping one third of all the British forces in the Americas occupied defending Florida and what is now Alabama, which were ultimately recaptured by Spain. Charles died in 1788.

Bourbons of Parma
Elisabeth Farnese's ambitions were realized at the conclusion of the War of the Austrian Succession in 1748 when the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza, already occupied by Spanish troops, were ceded by Austria to her second son, Philip, and combined with the former Duchy of Guastalla of the Gonzagas. Elisabeth died in 1766.

Later Bourbon monarchs outside France

Upon the fall of the French Empire, Ferdinand I was restored to his throne in Naples, forming the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in 1816 and founding the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies. His subjects revolted in 1820 and he was forced to grant a constitution; Austria invaded in March 1821 at his request and revoked the constitution. He was succeeded by his son, Francis I, in 1825 and by his grandson, Ferdinand II, in 1830. A revolution in Sicily erupted in January 1848 and Ferdinand was also forced to grant a constitution. This constitution was revoked in 1849. Ferdinand was succeeded by his son, Francis II, in May 1859.

When Giuseppe Garibaldi captured Naples in 1860, Francis restored the constitution in an attempt to save his sovereignty. He fled to the fortress of Gaeta, which was besieged and captured by the Piedmontese troops in February 1861. His kingdom was incorporated into the Kingdom of Italy on 17 March 1861, after the fall the fortress of Messina (surrendered on 12 March), although the Neapolitan troops in Civitella del Tronto resisted three days longer.

After the fall of Napoleon, Napoleon's wife, Maria Louisa, was made Duchess of Parma. As compensation, Charles Louis, the former king of Etruria, was made the Duke of Lucca. When Maria Louisa died in 1847 he was restored to Parma as Charles II. Lucca was incorporated into Tuscany. He was succeeded by his son, Charles III, and grandson, Robert I, in 1854. The people of Parma voted for a union with the Kingdom of Sardinia in 1860. After Italian unification the next year, the Bourbon dynasty in Italy was no more.

Ferdinand VII was restored to the throne of Spain in March 1814. Like his Italian Bourbon counterpart, his subjects revolted against him in January 1820 and he was forced to grant a constitution. A French army invaded in 1823 and the constitution was revoked. Ferdinand married his fourth wife, Maria Christina, the daughter of Francis I, the Bourbon king of the Two Sicilies, in 1829. Despite his many marriages he did not have a son, so in 1833 he was influenced by his wife to abolish the Salic Law so that their daughter, Isabella, could become queen depriving his brother, Don Carlos, of the throne.

Isabella II succeeded her father when he died in 1833. She was only three years old and Maria Cristina, her mother, served as regent. Maria knew that she needed the support of the liberals to oppose Don Carlos so she granted a constitution in 1834. Don Carlos found his greatest support in Catalonia and the Basque country because the constitution centralized the provinces thus denying them the autonomy they sought. He was defeated and fled the country in 1839. Isabella was declared of age in 1843 and she married her cousin Francisco de Asís, the son of her father's brother, on 10 October 1846. A military revolution broke out against Isabella in 1868 and she was deposed on 29 September 1868. She abdicated in favor of her son, Alfonso, in 1870, but Spain was proclaimed a republic for a brief time.

When the First Spanish Republic failed the crown was offered to Isabella's son who accepted on 1 January 1875 as Alfonso XII. The Carlist pretender Don Carlos, who returned to Spain, was defeated and resumed his exile in February 1876. Alfonso granted a new constitution in July 1876 that was more liberal than the one granted by his grandmother. His reign was cut short when he died in 1885 at the age of twenty-eight.

Alfonso XIII was born on 17 May 1886 after the death of his father. His mother, Maria Christina, the second wife of Alfonso XII served as regent. Alfonso XIII was declared of age in 1902 and he married Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg, the granddaughter of the British Queen Victoria on 31 May 1906. He remained neutral during World War I, but supported the military coup of Miguel Primo de Rivera on 13 September 1923. A movement towards the establishment of a republic began in 1930 and Alfonso fled the country on 14 April 1931. He never formally abdicated, but lived the rest of his life in exile. He died in 1941.

The Bourbon dynasty seemed finished in Spain as in the rest of the world, but it would be resurrected. The Second Spanish Republic was overthrown in the Spanish Civil War, leading to the dictatorship of Francisco Franco. He named Juan Carlos de Borbón, a grandson of Alfonso XIII, his successor in 1969. When Franco died six years later, Juan Carlos I took the throne to restore the Bourbon dynasty. The new king oversaw the Spanish transition to democracy, the Spanish Constitution of 1978 recognized the monarchy.

Since 1964 the Bourbon-Parma line has reigned agnatically though not officially in Luxembourg through Grand Dukes Jean and his son Henri. In June 2011, Luxembourg adopted absolute primogeniture, replacing the old Semi-Salic law that might have guaranteed the survival of Bourbon rule for generations.

Though it is not as powerful as it once was and no longer reigns in its native country of France, the House of Bourbon is by no means extinct and has survived to the present-day world, predominantly composed of republics.

The House of Bourbon, in its surviving branches, is believed to be the oldest royal dynasty of Europe (and the oldest documented European family altogether) that is still existing in the direct male line today: The House of Capet's male ancestors, the Robertians, go back to Robert of Hesbaye (d. 807) as their first secured ancestor and he is believed to be a direct male descendant of Charibert de Haspengau (c. 555–636). Should this be true, only the Imperial House of Japan would outmatch the Bourbon's age, being reliably documented – as a ruling house already – from about 540. The House of Hesse traces its line back to 841, the House of Welf-Este and the House of Wettin are both emerging in the 10th century (and so do some Italian non-ruling houses like the Caetani or the Massimo family), whereas most of the other ruling families of Europe only turn up to the light of history after the year 1000.

Monarchs of France
Dates indicate reigns, not lifetimes.
 * Henry IV, the Great (1589–1610)
 * Louis XIII, the Just (1610–1643)
 * Louis XIV, the Sun King (1643–1715)
 * Louis XV, the Well-Beloved (1715–1774)
 * Louis XVI (1774–1792)

Claimants to the throne of France
Dates indicate claims, not lifetimes.
 * Louis XVI (1792–1793)
 * Louis XVII (1793–1795)
 * Louis XVIII (1795–1814)

Monarchs of France
Dates indicate reigns, not lifetimes.
 * Louis XVIII (1814–1824)
 * Charles X (1824–1830)
 * Louis-Philippe I (House of Bourbon-Orléans) (1830–1848)

Legitimist claimants in France
Dates indicate claims, not lifetimes.
 * Charles X (1830–1836)
 * Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême (Louis XIX) (1836–1844)
 * Henri, Count of Chambord (Henri V) (1844–1883)

Legitimist claimants in France (Spanish branch)
Dates indicate claims, not lifetimes.
 * Juan, Count of Montizón (Jean III) (1883–1887)
 * Carlos, Duke of Madrid (Charles XI) (1887–1909)
 * Jaime, Duke of Anjou and Madrid (Jacques I) (1909–1931)
 * Alfonso Carlos, Duke of San Jaime (Charles XII) (1931–1936)
 * Alfonso XIII of Spain (Alphonse I) (1936–1941) (did not claim the Throne of France)
 * Jaime, Duke of Segovia (Jacques II / Henri VI) (1941–1975)
 * Alfonso, Duke of Anjou and Cádiz (Alphonse II) (1975–1989)
 * Louis Alphonse, Duke of Anjou (Louis XX) (1989–present)

Orléanist and Unionist claimants in France
Dates indicate claims, not lifetimes.
 * Prince Philippe, Count of Paris (Philippe VII) (1883–1894)
 * Prince Philippe, Duke of Orléans (Philippe VIII) (1894–1926)
 * Prince Jean, Duke of Guise (Jean III) (1926–1940)
 * Prince Henri, Count of Paris (Henry VI) (1940–1999)
 * Prince Henri, Count of Paris (Henry VII) (1999–2019)
 * Prince Jean, Count of Paris (Jean IV) (2019–present)

Monarchs of Spain
Dates indicate seniority, not lifetimes. Where reign as king or queen of Spain is different, this is noted.
 * Philip V (1700–1746) [abdicated 1724, resumed throne on death of son]
 * Louis I [King 1724; ruled less than one year]
 * Ferdinand VI (1746–1759)
 * Charles III (1759–1788)
 * Charles IV (1788–1808)
 * Ferdinand VII (1808–1833) [King 1808, 1813–1833]
 * Isabella II (1833–1870) [Queen 1833–1868]
 * Alfonso XII (1870–1885) [King 1874–1885]
 * Alfonso XIII (1886–1941) [King 1886–1931]
 * Juan, Count of Barcelona (Juan III) (1941–1977) [did not become King]
 * Juan Carlos I (1977–2014) [King 1975–2014]
 * Felipe VI (2014–present)

"Carlist" claimants in Spain
Dates indicate claims, not lifetimes.
 * Infante Carlos, Count of Molina (Carlos V) (1833–1845)
 * Infante Carlos, Count of Montemolin (Carlos VI) (1845–1861)
 * Juan, Count of Montizón (Juan III) (1861–1868)
 * Carlos, Duke of Madrid (Carlos VII) (1868–1909)
 * Jaime, Duke of Madrid (Jaime III) (1909–1931)
 * Alfonso Carlos of Bourbon, Duke of San Jaime (Alfonso Carlos I) (1931–1936)
 * Xavier, Duke of Parma (Xavier I) (1936–1952–1977)
 * Carlos Hugo of Bourbon, Duke of Parma (Carlos Hugo I) (1977–1979)
 * Prince Sixtus Henry of Bourbon-Parma (Sixto Enrique I) (1979–present)

Grand Dukes of Luxembourg
Dates indicate reigns, not lifetimes.
 * Jean (1964–2000)
 * Henri (2000–present)

Other significant Bourbon titles

 * Dukes of Bourbon, Montpensier, Vendôme, Anjou, Kings of the Two Sicilies, Dukes of Parma, Dukes of Orléans, Princes of Orléans and Braganza
 * Princes of Condé
 * Princes of Conti

Surnames used
Officially, the King of France had no family name. A prince with the rank of fils de France (Son of France) is surnamed "de France"; all the male-line descendants of each fils de France, however, took his main title (whether an appanage or a courtesy title) as their family or last name. However, when Louis XVI was put on trial and later "guillotined" (executed) by the revolutionaries National Convention in France in 1793, they somewhat contemptuously referred to him in written documents and spoken address as "Citizen Louis Capet" as if a "commoner" (referring back to the Medieval origins of the Bourbon Dynasty's name and referring to Hugh Capet, founder of the Capetian dynasty).

Members of the House of Bourbon-Condé and its cadet branches, which never ascended to the throne, used the surname "de Bourbon" until their extinction in 1830.

The daughters of Gaston, Duke of Orléans, were the first members of the House of Bourbon since the accession of Henry IV to take their surname from the appanage of their father (d'Orléans). Gaston died without a male heir; his titles reverted to the crown. It was given to his nephew, Philippe I, Duke of Orléans, brother of Louis XIV, whose descendants still bear the surname.

When Philippe, grandson of Louis XIV, became King of Spain as Philip V, he gave up his French titles. As a Son of France, his actual surname was "de France". However, since that surname was not heritable for descendants of rank lower than Son of France, and since Philippe had already given up his French titles, his descendants simply took the name of their royal house as their surname ("de Bourbon", rendered in Spanish as "de Borbón").

The children of Philippe's brother, Charles, Duke of Berry (all of whom died in infancy), were given the surname "d'Alençon". He was Duke of Berry only in name, so the surname of his children was taken from his first substantial duchy.

The children of Charles Philippe, Count of Artois, brother of Louis XVI, were surnamed "d'Artois". When Charles succeeded to the throne as Charles X, his son Louis Antoine became a Son of France, with the corresponding change in surname. His grandson, Henri d'Artois, being merely a Grandson of France, would use the surname until his death.

Sovereigns of the minor branches of the House of Bourbon

 * Gabriel de Doria-Pamphili y Borbón|Gabriel de Doria-Pamphili y Borbón (1945–1998)

Capetian related branches

 * Hugh Capet
 * Robert II of France
 * Henry I of France
 * Philip I of France
 * Louis VI of France
 * Louis VII of France
 * Philip II of France
 * Louis VIII of France
 * Louis IX of France
 * Philip III of France
 * Philip IV of France
 * Blason comte fr Valois.svg House of Valois
 * Blason ville fr Mortain (Manche).svg House of Évreux
 * Blason comte fr Clermont (Bourbon).svg  House of Bourbon
 * Blason province fr Artois.svg House of Artois
 * Blason comte fr Anjou.svg House of Anjou
 * Blason Comtes de Dreux.svg House of Dreux
 * Blason Courtenay.svg House of Courtenay
 * Armoiries Vermandois.svg House of Vermandois
 * Blason Ducs Bourgogne (ancien).svg House of Burgundy

The three dynasties of Bourbon
The first were the lords of Bourbon, who died out by the males in 1171, then by the women in 1216. Their coat of arms are: D'or au lion de gueules, et à l'orle de huit coquilles d'azur Nicolas Louis Achaintre, Genealogical and chronological history of the royal house of Bourbon vol. 1, ed. Didot, 1825, p. 45.

The second family formed by the marriage of the last descendant of the first family, Mathilde of Bourbon with Guy II of Dampierre, this land passed to the house of Dampierre in 1196. The coat of arms of this family is: "De gueules à deux léopards d'or, avec couronne de baron", but they took the coat of arms of the previous ones. The son of Guy de Dampierre and Mahaut de Bourbon, Archambaud VIII, took the name and arms of his mother, "de Bourbon", the House of Bourbon-Dampierre. By the marriage of, Agnes of Dampierre (died around 1287), with John of Burgundy, this important lordship passed to their daughter Béatrice de Bourgogne (1257–1310), lady of Bourbon, then to her husband Robert, Count of Clermont (1256–1317), and penultimate child of Saint Louis, thus possessing the land of Bourbon by "the right of the woman (de iure uxoris).

The third house of Bourbon acceded to the throne of Navarre in 1555, then to the throne of France in 1589 by Henri IV. His coat of arms are: "D'azur, fleurs-de-lys d'or sans nombre, l'écu brisé d'un bâton ou cotice de gueules, brochant sur le tout, avec couronne de fils de France. The name  House of Bourbon  was then used to describe the entire House of France, officially since 29 June 1768, date of death of Hélène de Courtenay (1689–1768), with which was extinguished the Capetian House of Courtenay, extinction which made the House of France the only branch dynasty resulting from the dukes of Bourbon.

First House of Bourbon
The Lords of Bourbon, 9th century until 1196.

 * Knight Aymar or Adhemar, († v. 953)
 * Aymon Ier, Lord of Bourbon († v. 959)
 * Archambaud I the Frank, Lord of Bourbon († v. 990)
 * Archambaud II the Old Man, Lord of Bourbon († v. 1031)
 * Archambaud III the Younger, Lord of Bourbon († 1064)
 * Archambaud IV the Strong, Lord of Bourbon († 1078)
 * Archambaud V the Pious, Lord of Bourbon († 1096)
 * Archambaud VI the Pupil, Lord of Bourbon († 1116)
 * Aymon II Cow-Coward, Lord of Bourbon († 1120)
 * Archambaud VII, Lord of Bourbon († 1171)
 * [Bourbon Archambaud] († 1169)
 * Mathilde Ire, Lady of Bourbon († 1218) x Guy II of Dampierre, Marshal of Champagne († 1216)
 * → see below

Second House of Bourbon (Bourbon-Dampierre)
Prince of Bourbon since 1196.
 * Mathilde (Mahaut), Lady of Bourbon († 1218), granddaughter of Archambault VII, Lord of Bourbon, married Guy II of Dampierre, Marshall of Champagne († 1216)
 * Archambaud VIII the Great, Lord of Bourbon († 1242)
 * Archambaud IX the Young, Lord of Bourbon († 1249), married Yolande of Châtillon, Countess of Nevers, Auxerre and Tonnerre
 * Mahaut II, Lady of Bourbon († 1262) married Eudes of Burgundy († 1266)
 * Capetian House of Burgundy
 * Agnès, Countess of Nevers, Auxerre and Tonnerre († 1288) married John of Burgundy, Lord of Charolais († 1268)
 * Beatrix of Burgundy married Robert, Count of Clermont

Third and current House of Bourbon
Princes and Dukes of Bourbon from 1327 to 1830.

|→ Beatrice of Burgundy, Lady of Bourbon x Robert de France (1256–1317), Count of Clermont (son of Louis IX of France (1215–1270) and of Marguerite de Provence) ├─>Louis (1280–1342), Duke of Bourbon │ X Marie d'Avesnes (1280–1354) │ │    │  ├─>Pierre (1311–1356), Duke of Bourbon │ │  X Isabella of Valois (1313–1383) │ │  │    │  │  ├─>Jeanne (1338–1378) │ │  │  x Charles V of France │ │  │    │  │  ├─>Louis II (1337–1410), Duke of Bourbon │ │  │  X Anne of Auvergne (1358–1417), Comtess de Forez │ │  │  │    │  │  │  ├─>Jean (1381–1434), Duke of Bourbon │ │  │  │  X Marie, Duchess of Auvergne (1367–1434) │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  ├─>Charles (1401–1456), Duke de Bourbon │ │  │  │  │  X Agnes of Burgundy, Duchess of Bourbon (1407–1476) │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jean II (1426–1488), Duke de Bourbon │ │  │  │  │  │  X 1) Jeanne de France (1430–1482)    │  │  │  │  │  │  X 2) Catherine d'Armagnac (+1487) │ │  │  │  │  │  X 3) Jeanne de Bourbon-Vendôme (1465–1512)    │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├2>Jean (1487–1487), Comte de Clermont    │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  └3>Louis (1488–1488), Comte de Clermont    │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Mathieu (+1505), Prince de Bothéon en Forez (Bouthéon)    │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Hector, (+1502), Archbishop of Toulouse    │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Pierre    │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Marie (+1482)     │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jacques de Sainte-Colombe    │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Marguerite (1445–1482)    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jean de Ferrieres (+1497)    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  Maison illégitime de Bourbon-Lavedan      │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Charles (+1502), vicomte de Lavedan     │  │  │  │  │  │     X Louise du Lion, vicomtesse de Lavedan │ │  │  │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │  │  │     └─>branche illégitime des Bourbon Lavedan │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Marie (1428–1448) │ │  │  │  │  │  X Jean II, Duke of Lorraine (1425–1470) │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Philippe, prince de Beaujeu (1430–1440) │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Charles II (1434–1488), cardinal, archevêque de Lyon, duc de Bourbon │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Isabelle-Paris (+1497) │ │  │  │  │  │     X Gilbert de Chantelot │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Isabelle (1436–1465) │ │  │  │  │  │  X Charles the Bold (+1477) │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Louis (1438–1482), évêque de Liege │ │  │  │  │  │  X inconnue │ │  │  │  │  │  │  Maison illégitime de Bourbon-Busset  │ │  │  │  │  │  ├─>i>Pierre de Bourbon (1464–1529), baron de Busset │ │  │  │  │  │  │  X Marguerite de Tourzel, dame de Busset (+1531) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>branche illégitime des Bourbon-Busset │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Louis (1465–1500) │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Jacques (1466–1537) │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Pierre II de Beaujeu (1438–1503), Duke of Bourbon │ │  │  │  │  │  x Anne of France (1462–1522) │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Charles, Comte de Clermont (1476–1498) │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Suzanne (1491–1521) │ │  │  │  │  │     x Charles III, Duke of Bourbon (1490–1527) │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Catherine (1440–1469) │ │  │  │  │  │  X Adolphe de Gueldres (1438–1477) │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jeanne (1442–1493) │ │  │  │  │  │  X Jean II de Chalon, Prince d'Orange (+1502) │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Marguerite (1444–1483) │ │  │  │  │  │  X Philip II, Duke of Savoy (1438–1497) │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  └─>Jacques (1445–1468) │ │  │  │  │  │  Maison illégitime de Bourbon-Roussillon  │ │  │  │  │  ├i>Louis (+1487), comte de Roussillon-en-Dauphine et de Ligny │ │  │  │  │  │  X Jeanne de France (+1519) │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Charles (+1510), comte de Roussillon et de Ligny │ │  │  │  │  │  │  X Anne de La Tour (+1530) │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Suzanne (1466–1531), comtesse de Roussillon et de Ligny │ │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jean de Chabannes, comte de Dammartin │ │  │  │  │  │  │  X 2) Charles, seigneur de Boulainvilliers (+1529)    │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Anne    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jean II, baron d'Arpajon    │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Jean, abbé de Senilly     │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Renaud (+1483), archevêque de Narbonne 1483    │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Charles (1461–1504), évêque de Clermont    │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Suzanne    │  │  │  │  │  │     X Louis de Coustaves, seigneur de Chazelles    │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Pierre (+1490), prêtre, seigneur du Bois-d'Yoin-en-Lyonnais    │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Antoinette    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Pierre Dyenne    │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Catherine    │  │  │  │  │  │     X Pierre Holiflant    │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Jeanne    │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jean du Fay, seigneur de Bray-en-Touraine │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Charlotte │ │  │  │  │  │  X Odilles de Senay │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Sidoine │ │  │  │  │  │  X Rene, prince de Bus │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  └i>Catherine, abbesse de Sainte-Claire-d'Aigueperse │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  ├─>Louis, comte de Forez (1403–1412) │ │  │  │  │  Maison de Bourbon-Montpensier (comtes)  │ │  │  │  └─>Louis I, Count of Montpensier │ │  │  │  │  X 1) Jeanne, dauphine d'Auvergne (+1436)    │  │  │  │  │  X 2) Gabrielle de La Tour (+1486) │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├2>Gilbert (1443–1496), comte de Montpensier │ │  │  │  │  │  X Claire Gonzaga (1464–1503) │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Louise (1482–1561), duchesse de Montpensier, dauphine d'Auvergne │ │  │  │  │  │  │  X 1) Andre III de Chauvigny (+1503)    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X 2) Louis de Bourbon, prince of la Roche-sur-Yon (1473–1520) │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Louis II (1483–1501), comte de Montpensier │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Charles III, Duke of Bourbon (1490–1527), duc de Bourbon (1490–1527), le "connétable de Bourbon" │ │  │  │  │  │  │  X Suzanne, Duchess of Bourbon (1491–1521) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>François, comte de Clermont (1517–1518) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>deux jumeaux (1518–1518) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Catherine │ │  │  │  │  │  │     X Bertrand Salmart, seigneur of Ressis │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>François (1492–1515), duc de Chatellerault │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Renée, dame de Mercœur (1494–1539) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  X Antoine, Duke of Lorraine (1489–1544) │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Anne (1495–1510) │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├2>Jean (1445–1485) │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├2>Gabrielle (1447–1516) │ │  │  │  │  │  X Louis de la Tremoille, prince de Talmond (+1525) │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  └2>Charlotte (1449–1478) │ │  │  │  │     X Wolfart van Borsselen, comte de Grandpré (+1487) │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  ├i>Jean, comte de Velay, évêque de Puy-Rembert-en-Forez 1485 │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  ├i>Alexandre, prêtre │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  ├i>Guy (+1442) │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  ├i>Marguerite │ │  │  │  │  X Rodrigo de Villandrando, comte de Ribadeo │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  └i>Edmée │ │  │  │    │  │  │  ├─>Louis, prince de Beaujolais (1388–1404) │ │  │  │    │  │  │  ├─>Catherine (1378-jeune) │ │  │  │    │  │  │  └─>Isabelle (1384-ap.1451) │ │  │  │    │  │  │  ├i>Hector, prince de Dampierre-en-Champagne (1391–1414) │ │  │  │    │  │  │  ├i>Perceval (1402–1415) │ │  │  │    │  │  │  ├i>Pierre, chevalier │ │  │  │    │  │  │  ├i>Jacques, moine │ │  │  │    │  │  │  └i>Jean, prince de Tanry │ │  │    │  │  ├─>Jeanne (1339 – Paris 1378) │ │  │  X Charles V of France (1337–1380) │ │  │    │  │  ├─>Blanche (1339–1361) │ │  │  X Peter of Castile │ │  │    │  │  ├─>Bonne (1341–1402) │ │  │  X Amadeus VIII, Duke of Savoy (+1383) │ │  │    │  │  ├─>Catherine (1342–1427) │ │  │  X John VI, Count of Harcourt (+1388) │ │  │    │  │  ├─>Marguerite ((1344)    │  │  │  X Arnaud Amanieu d'Albret (1338–1401)    │  │  │    │  │  ├─>Isabelle (1345–)    │  │  │    │  │  └─>Marie (1347–1401), prieure de Poissy    │  │    │  ├─>Jeanne (1312–1402)     │  │  X Guigues VII de Forez (1299–1357)    │  │    │  ├─>Marguerite (1313–1362)    │  │  X 1)Jean II de Sully (+1343) │ │  X 2)Hutin de Vermeilles    │  │    │  ├─>Marie (1315–1387)    │  │  X 1) Guy de Lusignan (1315–1343) │ │  X 2) Robert de Tarente (+1364)    │  │    │  ├─>Philippe (1316–c.1233)    │  │    │  ├─>Jacques (1318–1318)    │  │  Maison de Bourbon-La Marche     │  ├─>Jacques (1319–1362), Count of la Marche and Count of Ponthieu    │  │  X Jeanne de Chatillon, dame de Condé et Carency(1320–1371)    │  │  │    │  │  ├─>Isabelle (1340–1371)     │  │  │  X 1) Louis II de Brienne, vicomte de Beaumont (+1364) │ │  │  X Bouchard VII, Count of Vendôme (+1371) │ │  │    │  │  ├─>Pierre de la Marche (1342–1362) │ │  │    │  │  ├─>Jean de Bourbon (1344–1393), comte de Vendôme et de la Marche │ │  │  x Catherine of Vendôme (+1412) │ │  │  │    │  │  │  ├─>Jacques II (1370–1438), comte de La Marche │ │  │  │  x 1) Béatrice d'Évreux    │  │  │  │  x 2) Joanna II of Naples │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  ├1>Isabelle (1408–c. 1445), nonne à Besançon │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  ├1>Marie (1410–c. 1445), nonne à Amiens │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  └1>Eléonore de Bourbon (1412–c.1464) │ │  │  │  │  x Bernard d'Armagnac (+1462) │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  └i>Claude d'Aix, moine à Dole │ │  │  │    │  │  │  ├─>Anne (+1408) │ │  │  │  X 1) Jean II de Berry (+1401), comte de Montpensier    │  │  │  │  X 2) Louis VII (+1447), duc de Bavière-Ingolstadt │ │  │  │    │  │  │  ├─>Isabelle (1373–), nonne à Poissy │ │  │  │  Maison de Bourbon-Vendôme  │ │  │  ├─>Louis de Bourbon (1376–1446), comte de Vendôme │ │  │  │  X 1) Blanche de Roucy (+1421)    │  │  │  │  X 2) Jeanne de Laval (1406–1468) │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  ├2>Catherine (1425–jeune) │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  ├2>Gabrielle (1426–jeune) │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  └2>Jean VIII de Bourbon (1428–1478), comte de Vendôme │ │  │  │  │  X Isabelle de Beauvau │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jeanne, dame de Rochefort (1460–1487) │ │  │  │  │  │  X Louis de Joyeuse, comte de Grandpre (+1498) │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Catherine (1462–) │ │  │  │  │  │  X Gilbert de Chabannes, baron de Rochefort │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jeanne (1465–1511) │ │  │  │  │  │  X 1) Jean II de Bourbon (+1488)    │  │  │  │  │  │  X 2) Jean de la Tour, comte d'Auvergne et de Boulogne (1467–1501) │ │  │  │  │  │  X 3) François de la Pause, baron de la Garde    │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Renée (1468–1534), abbess of Fontevraud    │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>François de Bourbon (1470–1495), comte de Vendôme    │  │  │  │  │  │  X Marie of Luxembourg (+1546)    │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Charles IV, Duke of Bourbon (1489–1537), duc de Vendôme    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  x Françoise d'Alençon (1491–1550)    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Louis (1514–1516), comte de Marle    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Marie (1515–1538)    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Antoine of Navarre (1518–1562), duc de Vendôme    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  x Jeanne III d'Albret (1529–1572), reine de Navarre │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Henri (1551–1553), duc de Beaumont │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │      Kings of France  │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Henri IV of France (1553–1610)/Henri III de Navarre │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Bourbon dynasty │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Louis, comte de Marle (1555–1557) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Madeleine (1556–1556) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Catherine (1559–1604) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Henry II de Lorraine (1563–1624) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Charles (1554–1610), Archbishop of Rouen │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Jacquinne d'Artigulouve │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │     X N de Navailles │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Marguerite (1516–1589) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Francois I de Clèves, duc de Nevers (+1561) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Madeleine (1521–1561), abbesse │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>François, comte d'Enghien (1519–1546) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Louis (1522–1525) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Charles (1523–1590), cardinal, Archbishop of Rouen │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Poullain │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Catherine, abbesse (1525–1594) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jean (1528–1557), comte de Soissons et d'Enghien, duc d'Estouteville │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Marie (1539–1601), duchesse d'Estouteville │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>N de Valency (+1562) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Renée, abbesse de Chelles (1527–1583) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │ Maison de Bourbon-Condé  │ │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Louis (1530–1569), prince de Condé │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>House of Condé │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Eléonore, abbess of Fontevraud (1532–1611) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Nicolas Charles │ │  │  │  │  │  │     X Jeanne de Bordeix et de Ramers │ │  │  │  │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     ├─>Jacques │ │  │  │  │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     ├─>Michel Charles │ │  │  │  │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     ├─>Nicolas │ │  │  │  │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     ├─>Christophe │ │  │  │  │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     ├─>Marguerite │ │  │  │  │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     └─>Jeanne │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jacques (1490–1491) │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>François I (1491–1545), comte de Saint-Pol, duc d'Estouteville │ │  │  │  │  │  │  X Adrienne, duchesse d'Estouteville (1512–1560) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>François II (1536–1546), duc d'Estouteville │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Marie, duchesse d'Estouteville, (1539–1601) │ │  │  │  │  │  │     X 1) Jean de Bourbon, comte de Soissons    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     X 2) François de Clèves, duc de Nevers (+1562) │ │  │  │  │  │  │     X 3) Léonor, duc de Longueville (1540–1573)    │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Louis (1493–1557), cardinal, archevêque de Sens    │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Antoinette (1493–1583)    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Claude, Duke of Guise (1496–1550)    │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Louise (1495–1575), abbess of Fontevraud    │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Jacques (1495–)    │  │  │  │  │  │  Maison de Bourbon-Montpensier (ducs)     │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Louis (1473–1520), prince of La Roche-sur-Yon    │  │  │  │  │  │  X Louise de Montpensier (1482–1561)    │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Suzanne (1508–1570)    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  Claude de Rieux, comte d'Harcourt et d'Aumale (+1532)    │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Louis (1513–1582), Duke of Montpensier │ │  │  │  │  │  │  X 1) Jacqueline de Longwy (+1561)    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X 2) Catherine de Lorraine (1552–1596) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├1>Françoise (1539–1587) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Henri-Robert de La Marck, duke of Bouillon, prince of Sedan (+1574) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├1>Anne (1540–1572) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X François de Clèves, duc de Nevers (+1562) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jeanne (1541–1620), abbesse de Jouarre │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├1>François (1542–1592), duc de Montpensier │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Renée (1550–1590), marquise de Mezieres │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Henri (1573–1608), duc de Montpensier │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │     X Henriette-Catherine (1585–1656), duchesse de Joyeuse │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │     └─>Marie (1605–1627), Duchess of Montpensier │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │        x Gaston de France │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Charlotte (1547–1582) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Guillaume de Orange-Nassau (+1584) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Louise (1548–1586), abbesse de Faremoutier │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Charles (1515–1565), prince de la Roche sur Yon │ │  │  │  │  │  │  X Philippe de Montespedon, dame de Beaupreau (+1578) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Henri, marquis de Beaupreau (154?–1560) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Jeanne (1547–1548) │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Louis dit Helvis, évêque de Langres (+1565) │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Charlotte (1474–1520) │ │  │  │  │  │  X Engelbert de Clèves, comte de Nevers (+1506) │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  └─>Isabelle (1475–1531), abbesse │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Jacques de Vendôme (1455–1524), baron de Ligny │ │  │  │  │  │  X Jeanne, dame de Rubempré │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Claude de Bourbon-Vendôme (1514–1595) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  X Antoinette de Bours, vicomtesse de Lambercourt (+1585) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Antoine (+1594), vicomte de Lambercourt │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Claude (+1620), vicomtesse de Lambercourt │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jean, seigneur de Rambures │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Anne │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Claude de Crequi, seigneur d'Hemond │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Jacques (+1632), seigneur de Ligny et de Courcelles │ │  │  │  │  │  │     X 1) Marie de Bommy    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     X 2) Louise de Gouy │ │  │  │  │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     ├─>François Claude (+1658) │ │  │  │  │  │  │     │  X Louise de Belleval │ │  │  │  │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     ├─>François, seigneur de Bretencourt │ │  │  │  │  │  │     │  X Jacqueline Tillette d'Achery │ │  │  │  │  │  │     │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │  ├─>une fille mariée à un seigneur des Lyons │ │  │  │  │  │  │     │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │  └─>une fille mariée à un Fortel des Essarts │ │  │  │  │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     ├─>Charles, seigneur de Brétencourt │ │  │  │  │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     ├─>Marguerite │ │  │  │  │  │  │     │  X 1) Jacques de Monchy, seigneur d'Amerval (+1640)    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │  X 2) Antoine de Postel, seigneur de la Grange │ │  │  │  │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     ├─>Marie Gabrielle (+1629) │ │  │  │  │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     └─>Antoinette │ │  │  │  │  │  │        X Alexandre de Touzin │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>André, seigneur de Rubempré │ │  │  │  │  │  │  X 1) Anne de Busserade    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X 2) Anne de Roncherolles │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jean (+jeune) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Charles, seigneur de Rubempré (+1595) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Louis, seigneur de Rubempré (1574–1598) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Marguerite, dame de Rubempré │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jean de Monchy, seigneur de Montcavrel │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Madeleine │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jean, seigneur de Gonnelieu │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jeanne Marie, abbesse │ │  │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Marguerite, nonne │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jean (+1571), abbé de Cuisey │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jacques, moine │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Catherine (+1530) │ │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jean d'Estrées, seigneur de Cœuvres │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jeanne, abbesse │ │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Madeleine (+ 1588), abbesse │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  └i>Louis de Vendôme (+1510), évêque d'Avranches │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  └i>Jean de Vendôme, seigneur de Preaux (1420–1496) │ │  │  │     X 1) Jeanne d'Illiers    │  │  │  │     X 2) Gillette Perdrielle │ │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │     ├─>Jean, prêtre │ │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │     ├─>François (+1540), prêtre │ │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │     ├─>Jacques │ │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │     ├─>Mathurine │ │  │  │     │  X Pierre de Montigny, seigneur de la Boisse │ │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │     ├─>Louise │ │  │  │     │  X Jean, seigneur des Loges │ │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │     └─>Marie │ │  │  │        X 1) seigneur de La Velette en Limousin    │  │  │  │        X 2) Jacques de Gaudebert, seigneur des Forges │ │  │  │  Maison de Bourbon-Carency  │ │  │  ├─>Jean (1378–1457), seigneur de Carency │ │  │  │  X 1) Catherine d'Artois (1397–1420)    │  │  │  │  X 2) Jeanne de Vendomois │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  ├2>Louis(1417–1457) │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  ├2>Jean (1418–) │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  ├2>Jeanne (1419–) │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  ├2>Catherine (1421–) │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  ├2>Pierre (1424–1481), seigneur de Carency │ │  │  │  │  X Philipotte de Plaines │ │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  ├2>Jacques (1425–1494), seigneur de Carency │ │  │  │  │  X Antoinette de la Tour (+1450) │ │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Charles, prince de Carency (1444–1504) │ │  │  │  │  │  X 1) Didere de Vergy    │  │  │  │  │  │  X 2) Antoinette de Chabannes (+1490) │ │  │  │  │  │  X 3) Catherine de Tourzel     │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├3>Bertrand, prince de Carency (1494–1515)    │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├3>Jean (1500–1520), prince de Carency    │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  ├3>Louise, princesse de Carency    │  │  │  │  │  │  X François de Perusse des Cars (+1550)    │  │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  │  └3>Jean (1446–), seigneur de Rochefort    │  │  │  │  │     X Jeanne de Lille    │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  ├2>Eleonore (1426–)    │  │  │  │  │    │  │  │  │  ├2>Andriette (1427–)    │  │  │  │  │  Maison de Bourbon-Duisant      │  │  │  │  └2>Philippe, seigneur de Duisant (1429–1492)    │  │  │  │     X Catherine de Lalaing (+1475)    │  │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │     ├─>Antoine, seigneur de Duisant    │  │  │  │     │  X Jeanne de Habart    │  │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │     ├─>Pierre    │  │  │  │     │ │ │  │  │     ├─>Philippe II, seigneur de Duisant (+1530) │ │  │  │     │    │  │  │  │     └─>Jeanne de Bourbon Duisant │ │  │  │        X François Rolin, seigneur d'Aymerie │ │  │  │    │  │  │  ├─>Marie, dame de Bréthencourt ((1386)    │  │  │  │  X Jean de Baynes, seigneur des Croix    │  │  │  │    │  │  │  └─>Charlotte (1388–1422)    │  │  │  │  X Janus of Cyprus (1378–1432)    │  │  │  │    │  │  │  └i>Jean, batard de la Marche–1435    │  │  │  Maison de Bourbon-Preaux     │  │  └─>Jacques, seigneur de Preaux (1346–1417)    │  │     X Marguerite de Preaux (+1417)    │  │     │    │  │     ├─>Louis, seigneur de Preaux (1389–1415)    │  │     │    │  │     ├─>Pierre, seigneur de Preaux (1390–1422)    │  │     │Elizabeth de Montagu (1397–1429)     │  │     │    │  │     ├─>Jacques II, seigneur de Preaux, baron de Thury (1391–1429)    │  │     │  X Jeanne de Montagu    │  │     │    │  │     ├─>Charles, seigneur de Combles    │  │     │    │  │     ├─>Jean (1394–)    │  │     │    │  │     └─>Marie, dame de Preaux (1387–1442) │ │    │  └─>Béatrice (1320–1383) │ │  X 1) Jean de Luxembourg (+1346), king of Bohemia    │  │  X 2) Eudes II de Grancey (+1389) │ │    │  ├i>Jean, batard de Bourbon (+1375) │ │  X 2) Laure de Bordeaux    │  │  X 3) Agnes de Chaleu │ │  │    │  │  └─>Gérard de Bourbon │ │    │  ├i>Jeannette │ │  X Guichard de Chastellux │ │    │  └i>Guy de Bourbon, seigneur de Cluys │    X 2) Jeanne de Chastel-Perron    │     │    │     └─>Gérard de Bourbon, seigneur de Clessy    │        X 1) Jeanne de Chastillon │       X 2) Alix de Bourbon-Montperoux    │        │    │        └─>Isabelle, Dame de Clessy    │           X 1) Bernard de Montaigu-Listenois │          X 2) Guillaume de Mello, seigneur d'Epoisses    │    ├─>Blanche (1281–1304)     │  X Robert VII, Count of Auvergne (+1325)    │    ├─>Jean (1283–1316), baron de Charolais     │  X Jeanne d'Argies    │  │    │  ├─>Béatrice (1310–1364), dame de Charolais     │  │  X Jean d'Armagnac (+1373)    │  │    │  └─>Jeanne (1312–1383)     │     X John I, Count of Auvergne (+1386)    │    ├─>Pierre (1287–c.1330) prêtre    │    ├─>Marie(1285–1372), prieure de Poissy    │    └─>Marguerite (1289–1309)       X Jean (1267–1330), margrave of Namur

Family trees
Simplified family trees showing the relationships between the Bourbons and the other branches of the Royal House of France.

Other languages

 * Van Kerrebrouck, Patrick. La Maison de Bourbon, 1256–1987. ___v. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France: The Author, 1987–2000. [only Vol. 2 & Vol. 4 have been published as of 2005].
 * Klaus Malettke, Die Bourbonen. Band I: Von Heinrich IV. bis Ludwig XV. 1589–1715 (Stuttgart, Kohlhammer Verlag, 2008); Band II: Von Ludwig XV. bis Ludwig XVI. 1715–1789/92 (Stuttgart, W. Kohlhammer, 2008); Band III: Von Ludwig XVIII. bis zu Louis Philippe 1814–1848 (Stuttgart, W. Kohlhammer, 2009).

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: House of Bourbon