text:
Salafi

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  Of or pertaining to Salafism.

Synonyms

 * (derogatory)

Translations

 * Arabic: سَلَفِيّ
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * German:
 * Hindi: सलफ़ी,
 * Swedish:

Noun

 * 1)  An adherent of Salafism.

Translations

 * Azerbaijani: sələfi, vəhhabi, ingilisi
 * Czech: salafista
 * Dutch:
 * French:
 * German: ,
 * Hindi: सलफ़ी,

title: Salafi


text:
Salafism

Etymology
From or.

Noun

 * 1)  A movement comparing itself to Sunni Islam, claiming to taking the pious ancestors, the salaf of the patristic period of early Islam, as exemplary models.

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: سَلَفِيَّة
 * Chechen:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 沙拉菲主義
 * Czech: salafismus
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: salafismo
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hebrew: סלפייה, סלפיזם
 * Hindi: सलफ़ी,
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian: salafismo
 * Japanese: サラフィズム
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Malay:
 * Persian:
 * Polish: salafizm
 * Portuguese: salafismo
 * Russian:
 * Somali:
 * Spanish: salafismo
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish: Selefilik
 * Urdu:

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Salafism


text:
Talk:Midas

RFV discussion
Sense 2. I've never heard of this, and there's nothing like it in the OED. -- WikiPedant 00:08, 17 July 2007 (UTC)

 * The figurative sense seems common. There may even need to be an adjective sense added.  I think this would be better, if moved to WT:RFC.  --Connel MacKenzie 18:22, 9 August 2007 (UTC)

RFV failed, sense removed. "Midas" is definitely used metaphorically, but our def said that "a Midas" is a kind of situation, and I see no evidence for such a claim. —Ruakh TALK 21:02, 24 October 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Midas


text: Category:Basque numerals

title: Category:Basque numerals


text:
shash

Etymology 1
See.

Noun

 * 1) The scarf of a turban.
 * 2) A sash.
 * 1) A sash.

Etymology 2
Imitative?

Verb

 * 1)  To produce white noise.

Noun

 * 1) A black strip of cloth worn on the head by married Afar women as part of the traditional dress.

Etymology
. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) bear (animal)

Noun

 * 1) bear

title: shash


text: Category:eu:Names

title: Category:eu:Names


text:
gah

Etymology
.

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) rabbit

Derived terms

 * gahtsoh (hare)

Etymology
.

Root

 * 1) to seize, to take

Usage notes
The initial consonant tends to geminate after prefixes. Nasals after the root may be retroflexed.

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) rabbit

Noun

 * 1) rabbit

title: gah


text:
télii

Etymology
+

Noun

 * 1) donkey, burro

title: télii


text: Category:Basque interjections

title: Category:Basque interjections


text:
chʼosh

Noun

 * 1) insect, bug, maggot, worm

title: chʼosh


text:
dibé

Noun

 * 1) sheep (animal)

title: dibé


text:
bisóodi

Etymology
From early modern Mesoamerican, from. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) pig, hog
 * 2) bacon

title: bisóodi


text:
semi-easy chair

Noun

 * 1) A chair that is designed to be partially like an easy chair.

title: semi-easy chair


text: Category:Rotuman nouns

title: Category:Rotuman nouns


text:
repressiv

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) repressive

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) repressive

Adjective

 * 1) repressive

title: repressiv


text:
commendatore

Noun

 * 1) commander

Usage notes

 * Often capitalized, it is a title awarded along with the honour/honor Ordine al Merito della Repubblica
 * In popular culture, 'il commendatore' is a name used to refer to

title: commendatore


text:
vřed

Etymology
, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) ulcer

title: vřed


text:
peptický vřed

Noun

 * 1) peptic ulcer

title: peptický vřed


text:
itinerant worker

Noun

 * 1)  A temporary worker, particularly for exhausting manual labor.
 * 2)  One who maintains no permanent residence, one who is homeless

Translations

 * Finnish: kiertävä työntekijä
 * German: ,
 * Romanian: muncitor itinerant, muncitor migrator
 * Spanish: itinerante, trabajador migratorio

title: itinerant worker


text:
endoskopie

Noun

 * 1) endoscopy

title: endoskopie


text:
commissariato

Noun

 * 1) the office of a commissioner (of police)
 * 2) a police station headed by a commissioner

title: commissariato


text:
endoskop

Noun

 * 1) endoscope

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) an endoscope

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) an endoscope

Noun

 * 1) an endoscope

title: endoskop


text: collettori

title: collettori


text: colpevolezze

title: colpevolezze


text: commissariati

title: commissariati


text:
compressione

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) compression

title: compressione


text:
simply connected

Adjective

 * 1)  Having its fundamental group a singleton.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 单连通的
 * Danish: enkeltsammenhængende
 * Polish: jednospójny
 * Swedish: enkelt sammanhängande
 * Turkish: basit bağlantılı

title: simply connected


text:
simple connectivity

Noun

 * 1)  The state of being simply connected.

title: simple connectivity


text:
simple connectedness

Noun

 * 1)  The state of being simply connected.

title: simple connectedness


text: Category:cs:Pathology

title: Category:cs:Pathology


text:
Proto-Oceanic

Proper noun

 * 1) A proposed common ancestor of the group of Oceanic languages.

title: Proto-Oceanic


text: Category:cs:Oncology

title: Category:cs:Oncology


text:
Common Oceanian

Proper noun

 * 1) Proto-Oceanic language.

title: Common Oceanian


text: you are welcome

title: you are welcome


text:
levirate

Etymology
From (from ) +.

Adjective

 * 1) Having to do with one's husband's brother.

Usage notes

 * This adjective is used almost exclusively as part of the phrase.

Translations

 * Finnish:

Noun

 * 1)  A marriage between a widow and her deceased husband's brother or, sometimes, heir.
 * 2)  The institution of levirate marriage.

Translations

 * Finnish: leviraatti, lankousavioliitto
 * French:
 * Polish:
 * Swedish: levirat

 * Finnish: leviraatti
 * Portuguese: levirato
 * Swedish: levirat

title: levirate


text:
Talk:experience

RFV discussion
I can't make head or tail of the supposedly intransitive sense of the verb "experience". The OED does not show any intransitive usages of this verb. -- WikiPedant 14:04, 12 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I have come across this. I kind of associate it with hippy or new age babblings ("Don't think, just experience, man!"). I could only find this one example, but it's quite a tough one to Google for:
 * It gives them a chance to think about things, or the opportunity to not think and just experience.

 * Matt 00:46, 13 July 2007 (UTC).

 * I found another very similar one through Google Books in "Boost Your Self-Esteem" by John Caunt, 2002, page 82:

 * Don't think, just experience.

 * Matt 20:01, 15 July 2007 (UTC).

RFV failed, sense removed. —Ruakh TALK 22:34, 24 October 2007 (UTC)

put down to experience
chalk something up to experience --Backinstadiums (talk) 16:56, 9 May 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:experience


text:
bus station

Noun

 * 1) A major bus stop, one that serves as a transfer point between a large number of routes.

Usage notes
Contrast, which can refer to any place — major or not — where trains may (if so scheduled) stop to let passengers on and off.

Synonyms

 * (usually, for one bus operator).

Derived terms

 * how do I get to the bus station

Translations

 * Albanian: stacion autobusëve
 * Arabic: مَحَطَّة حَافِلَات
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: avtovağzal
 * Belarusian: аўтавакза́л
 * Bengali: বাস স্টেশন
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 公共汽車總站
 * Czech: autobusové nádraží
 * Danish: busstation
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: busstacio
 * Estonian: bussijaam
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: ავტოვაგზალი
 * German:
 * Hindi: बस स्टेशन
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Indonesian: terminal bus
 * Irish: busáras
 * Italian: stazione degli autobus, autostazione
 * Japanese: バスステーション,, , バス乗り場, バス停留所
 * Javanese: ngebisan, bis-bisan, setanplat
 * Kazakh: автовокзал
 * Korean: ,
 * Kyrgyz: автовокзал
 * Latvian: autoosta
 * Lithuanian: autobusų stotis
 * Luxembourgish: Busgare
 * Macedonian: автобуска станица
 * Malay: stesen bas
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: busstasjon, rutebilstasjon
 * Nynorsk: busstasjon, rutebilstasjon
 * Persian: پایانِهٔ اُتوبوس
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: estação de ônibus, , central de camionagem, terminal rodoviário
 * Romanian: stație de autobuz
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: аутобусни колодвор, колодвор
 * Roman: autobusni kolodvor,
 * Slovak: autobusová stanica
 * Slovene: avtobusna postaja
 * Spanish: estación de autobús
 * Swahili: kituo cha basi
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tajik:
 * Tamil:
 * Thai: สถานีรถโดยสารประจำทาง
 * Turkish: ,
 * Turkmen: awtowokzal
 * Ukrainian:
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese: bến xe buýt
 * Welsh: gorsaf bws

title: bus station


text:
相失

Verb

 * 1)  to become separated and lose contact with each other

title: 相失


text:
懸頭

Verb

 * 1)  to hang up someone's severed head for all to see

title: 懸頭


text: 悬头

title: 悬头


text:
追尋

Verb

 * 1)  to pursue; to search for; to track down

title: 追尋


text: 追寻

title: 追寻


text:
Όλυμπος

Etymology
Uncertain origin. From, see there for more.

Proper noun

 * 1) Olympus tallest mountain in Greece and dwelling of the Ancient Greek gods

title: Όλυμπος


text:
Talk:joust

RFV discussion
Second noun defintion - "a disgustingly fat and contemptible individual". Thryduulf 08:03, 31 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Searching joust fat OR oaf -jousting on books.google.com yielded nothing among the first 100 results. —msh210 13:05, 31 July 2007 (UTC)

RFV failed, sense removed. —Ruakh TALK 22:52, 24 October 2007 (UTC)

Requests for deletion - kept
Kept. See archived discussion of April 2008. 07:31, 30 April 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:joust


text: the rain in Spain stays mainly in the plain


text:
詳細

Adjective

 * 1) detailed; minute

Adverb

 * 1) in detail

Adjective

 * 1) detailed

Noun

 * 1) details

title: 詳細


text: 详细

title: 详细


text: caerse

title: caerse


text:
君臣

Noun

 * 1)  ruler and his subjects
 * 2)  main medicine and complementary medicine
 * 3)  staple food and non-staple food

title: 君臣


text:
還都

Verb

 * 1)  to return to the capital

title: 還都


text: 还都

title: 还都


text:
Talk:hierophany

hierophany
Didn't see this in a quick check of other dictionaries. There seem to be a lot of b.g.c. hits, but no consistent use or meaning. (Again, from only a cursory glance.) Is this worth cleaning up (that is, is it correct?)  --Connel MacKenzie 04:31, 29 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I'm going to trot out my undergrad philosophy degree (which leaned fairly heavily into religious studies) and say I'm pretty sure it is a word, and I'm pretty sure it does in fact refer to the manifestation of the holy. I note that we (and other dictionaries) have the related form hierophant. Cheers! bd2412 T 05:06, 29 July 2007 (UTC)
 * This is an excellent source, by the way: Mircea Eliade's Vision for a New Humanism. bd2412 T 05:15, 29 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Hmm, I would have said hierophancy. But this may be out there.  Widsith 09:14, 29 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Connel is right that a wide number of meanings are discernable in the b.g.c. hits, but it seems to me that a clear majority of hits (and hits from what I would consider the most respectable sources) support the definition provided. I'll dig deeper. Cheers! bd2412 T 15:55, 29 July 2007 (UTC)

I rewrote the definition as per the Wikipedia article (which is, to its credit, referenced, albeit a bit stubby), but I’m unsure if the citations I’ve provided support it (I tried to broaden the definition to save sense-splitting). Someone else wanna check? † Raifʻhār Doremítzwr 12:01, 4 September 2007 (UTC)

RFV passed. Thanks, Doremítzwr; it looks fine, and if it isn't … well, it will have to do. :-) —Ruakh TALK 23:03, 24 October 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:hierophany


text:
只有

Conjunction

 * 1) only; merely; just
 * 2)  only a short while ago; just
 * 1)  only a short while ago; just

title: 只有


text:
瘦馬

Noun

 * 1) skinny and weak horse
 * 2)  bicycle

title: 瘦馬


text: 瘦马

title: 瘦马


text:
Talk:indict

Especially for non-native speakers we should give an IPA pronunciation, but i'm not too great at that. It's pronounced "in dait" by the way for people who aren't native speakers. This trips up some, not me though, I'm too cool.
 * Isn't the pronunciation there already? Kappa 00:59, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

Second meaning
The "2. (law)" one's explanation seems a bit too complicated and circular to me.

title: Talk:indict


text:
User talk:Muhammad Arif

Please note that this is not Wikipedia.
Please note that this is not Wikipedia. You are currently on Wiktionary, a dictionary web site. If you would like to add a word and its definition, then you are welcome to do so. Encyclopedic articles, such as the one you entered, belong on an encyclopedia web site, such as Wikipedia. Thanks.

title: User talk:Muhammad Arif


text:
virilità

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) virility

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) virility

title: virilità


text:
natural monopoly

Noun

 * 1) Control over the market for a product which occurs when a firm gains large benefit from economies of scale, or from a superior business model or product, and is thus able to produce a very large percentage of the total market demand for a given product and unintentionally exclude meaningful competition via price structures.

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * Finnish:
 * Georgian: ბუნებრივი მონოპოლია
 * Russian: есте́ственная монопо́лия
 * Tagalog: likas na sarilakal

title: natural monopoly


text:
virilitat

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) virility

title: virilitat


text:
proposita

Noun

 * 1) The first identified female case of an inherited disease in a family; the proband or index case.
 * The proposita was an elderly woman who passed on the disorder to three of her four children and 9 of 14 grandchildren.

title: proposita


text:
propositus

Noun

 * 1) The first identified male case of an inherited disease in a family; the proband or index case.
 * The propositus was an elderly man who passed on the disorder to three of his four children and 9 of 14 grandchildren.

Etymology
Perfect passive participle of.

Participle

 * 1) set forth
 * 2) declared
 * 3) proposed

title: propositus


text:
Luftfahrt

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) aeronautics, aviation

title: Luftfahrt


text:
herp

Etymology 1
Back-formation from, or via simplification of.

Noun

 * 1)  A reptile or amphibian.

Translations

 * Finnish: herppi

Etymology 2
Shortening.

Noun

 * 1)  Herpes.

title: herp


text:
Chic

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) chic

title: Chic


text:
exitium

Etymology
From the stem of.

Noun

 * 1) a going out, egress
 * 2) destruction, ruin
 * 3) the cause of destruction or ruin
 * 1) destruction, ruin
 * 2) the cause of destruction or ruin
 * 1) the cause of destruction or ruin

title: exitium


text:
Teint

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) complexion

title: Teint


text:
User talk:MikevanEerden

habituous
Hi there,

I don't suppose you could tell us where you encountered the word habituous? Because I'm not finding much evidence that it's a real word, much less of the distinction you claim exists between habituous and habitual.

Thanks for your help,

—Ruakh TALK 01:35, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

P.S. Here's our stock welcome message, with useful links:

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I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wiktionarian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk (discussion) and vote pages using four tildes, like this: ~, which automatically produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to one of the discussion rooms or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome!

—Ruakh TALK 01:35, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

Some usage is not remedied by replacing with "habitual".
I'm sorry that I don't have any official sources for the word "habituous." But this was a little more than just an experiment to see if a word I like but isn't in any dictionary could survive for more than a few minutes on Wiktionary. I don't want to spend time trying to find instances unless there was a possibility I could make a word legitimate by doing so -- BUT it does seem to me that some uses of the word "habituous" (most of which are properly replaced by "habitual") do not bear this replacement. It just doesn't quite mean the same thing.

I know there is no recorded difference between habituous and habitual (since habituous isn't a word, of course), but the difference between "-ous" and "-al" is understandable, and I believe it is this correct understanding that influences the "incorrect" usage of habituous.

The problem is that there is no word to express what is intended with my use of "habituous." It comes from a philosophical conviction, stemming from the philosophy of Charles Peirce. So maybe I should just learn a lesson from him (the one who invented the term "pragmatism")(and then "pragmaticism" when pragmatism became misused) and write essays rather than Wiktionary articles to make a word really usable!

Again, I didn't intend to be obnoxious with this. I really believe there is some usage of this non-word "habituous" which makes sense. No need to reply, unless you can offer some sympathy for this gap in the English language, or, better yet, the word I am looking for!

Thanks much for your time. Mike

 * We don't actually need "official sources", just evidence of actual use in the world — specifically, of durably archived use (so, books, journal articles, print newspaper and magazine articles, and so on), in the form of actual quotations in the entry. As for the word you're looking for — well, usually we say that man is a . This doesn't fit your sense perfectly, as it refers to the fact that we're already habituated to things rather than to the fact that we habituate easily to things, but it's the same general idea. :-/ —Ruakh TALK 04:39, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

Ok, well in that case I'll give it a try!

I found a few examples that I think fairly fit both your and my criteria (and is not just a misuse where "habitual" might have been better used). The first one is the strongest, while the other two are arguably so-called "misspellings" -- but also arguably leaning toward the meaning I intend.

1. "From one day to the other the patient will lose the pattern of life that had been habituous to himself, his profession, the interactions with partner and friends as well as his independence."

2. "We cannot know anything general about the world, which means that even deductive reasoning will always rely on general presuppositions that are merely habituous, not established by reason." (page 58-59)

3. (I include the link, but it costs $17 to get the article from JSTOR, so I don't know how the sentence ends... But the clip from Google is this): "In his opening remarks, Kawin distinguishes between two kinds of repetition: the "repetitious," which is boring, habituous, and even destructive when it ..."

What do you think? Mike

 * The first one gives me a 404 Not Found error. In neither the second nor the third is it obvious to me that the sense is the one you describe; but, it does suggest that we should include this word, even if we don't have a definition for it.
 * The complete third quote, by the way, is this:
 * 1974, Carolyn Geduld, “Film and Literature”, book review in Contemporary Literature, volume 15, number 1 (winter 1974), University of Wisconsin Press, pages 128-9,
 * In his opening remarks, Kawin distinguishes between two kinds of repetition: the “repetitious,” which is boring, habituous, and even destructive when it descends into compulsive or neurotic behavior; and the “repetitive,” a positive and constructive cycle that reoccurs with greater and greater impact.
 * —Ruakh TALK 14:55, 29 October 2007 (UTC)

missing link
Hmmm, how's this: http://verlag.hanshuber.com/Zeitschriften/Pflege/98/pf9805.html

Any example will of course not quite fit because it isn't a commonly used word -- maybe isn't even a word. This one may blur the line a little bit, but you could of course argue the author still meant "habitual", even if something stronger or more-ingrained is implied. It is very hard to argue that someone meant a word that doesn't have a proper meaning! Cheers.

title: User talk:MikevanEerden


text:
Talk:engage

Misplaced diæresis
Surely the 1895 citation for sense № 7, “American Students at the Naples Zöological Station” ought correctly to be written “American Students at the Naples Zoölogical Station”… –or is this the way it was actually written? †  ﴾(u):Raifʻhār (t):Doremítzwr﴿ 01:46, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Mea culpa. Now fixed, thanks. —Ruakh TALK 02:03, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

 * No problem. Pædantry’s a useful thing from time to time… :) †  ﴾(u):Raifʻhār (t):Doremítzwr﴿ 02:39, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

engage
17 senses? --Connel MacKenzie 19:41, 24 October 2007 (UTC)
 * (— Beobach 08:36, 5 December 2010 (UTC))
 * Reduced to 8 senses, two of which are RFV'd. Moglex 20:11, 24 October 2007 (UTC)
 * ?? Did you forget to save your changes, or something? —Ruakh TALK 22:13, 24 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Evidently. (Arrrgggghhhh). Moglex 08:09, 25 October 2007 (UTC)
 * I think it's clean now. — Beobach 08:52, 5 December 2010 (UTC)

betroth?
is betroth a synonym to engage?

title: Talk:engage


text:
Raffinerie

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) refinery

title: Raffinerie


text:
Raffinesse

Noun

 * 1) finesse
 * 2) refinement

title: Raffinesse


text:
raffiniert

Adjective

 * 1) refined
 * 2) clever, cunning
 * 3) sophisticated

title: raffiniert


text:
raffinieren

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to refine

title: raffinieren


text:
Tristesse

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) sadness, misery

title: Tristesse


text:
pron

Derived terms

 * pos pron

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) prone

Noun

 * 1) pronunciation

title: pron


text:
willful ignorance

Noun

 * 1)  A decision in bad faith to avoid becoming informed about something so as to avoid having to make undesirable decisions that such information might prompt.

Translations

 * Finnish: tarkoituksellinen tietämättömyys
 * French: aveuglement volontaire
 * German:
 * Italian: ignoranza attiva
 * Polish: celowe niedostrzeganie

title: willful ignorance


text:
Räson

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  reason, rationality

title: Räson


text:
Staatsräson

Etymology
From, a.

Noun

 * 1)  raison d'état, national interest

title: Staatsräson


text:
Staatsraison

Etymology
From, a.

title: Staatsraison


text:
räsonieren

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to reason, to argue

title: räsonieren


text:
ἦτα

Etymology
Originally, borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) eta, the name for the seventh letter Η, η of the Ancient Greek alphabet.

title: ἦτα


text:
summa summarum

Etymology
.

Adverb

 * 1) all in all, in total

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1)  in total

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1)  in total

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) all in all

title: summa summarum


text:
りゅう座

Proper noun

 * 1)  Draco

title: りゅう座


text:
Zähre

Etymology
From, plural of , a Central German variant of , from , from.

Noun

 * 1)  tear of the eyes

title: Zähre


text: spectator sports

title: spectator sports


text:
spectator sport

Noun

 * 1) A sporting activity which has a relatively high ratio of watchers to direct participants.
 * 2)  Something, especially a process or activity, which is a popular object of observation; an activity which a person prefers to watch rather than to participate in.
 * 3)  An activity which consists of watching or observing.
 * 1)  An activity which consists of watching or observing.
 * 1)  An activity which consists of watching or observing.
 * 1)  An activity which consists of watching or observing.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish: yleisöurheilu
 * Swedish: åskådarsport

title: spectator sport


text: amusement parks

title: amusement parks


text:
regnant

Etymology
From, , from , , and its source, , the present participle of.

Adjective

 * 1) Reigning, ruling; currently holding power.
 * 2) Dominant; holding sway; having particular power or influence.
 * 3)   of a monarch, ruling in one's one right; often contrasted with  and
 * 1)   of a monarch, ruling in one's one right; often contrasted with  and
 * 1)   of a monarch, ruling in one's one right; often contrasted with  and

Noun

 * 1)  A  or.

title: regnant


text:
以儆效尤

Idiom

 * 1) (to make a public demonstration of punishing a wrongdoer) in order to deter innocents who might mimic the example of the wrongdoer

title: 以儆效尤


text:
User:Gimp463

Sexualistic - That referring to a sexual act or occurrance.

title: User:Gimp463


text:
sexualistic

Adjective

 * 1) Of or pertaining to sexuality.

title: sexualistic


text: natural monopolies

title: natural monopolies


text:
economies of scale

Noun

 * 1)  The characteristics of a production process in which an increase in the scale of the firm causes a decrease in the long run average cost of each unit.

Translations

 * Armenian: մասշտաբի էֆեկտ
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 規模經濟, 規模效益
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: schaalvoordeel
 * Finnish:, , suurtuotannon etu, suuruuden ekonomia
 * French:
 * German: Skalenerträge, Skaleneffekte
 * Greek: οικονομίες κλίμακας
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: stærðarhagkvæmni
 * Irish: barainneacht scála
 * Italian: economie di scala
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish: korzyści skali
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: эффе́кт масшта́ба
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: stordriftsfördel
 * Ukrainian: ефе́кт масшта́бу

title: economies of scale


text:
rasiuñe'ẽ

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) Portuguese

title: rasiuñe'ẽ


text:
stich

Etymology 1
. Akin to.

Noun

 * 1)  A verse, of whatever measure or number of feet, especially a verse of Scripture.
 * 2) A part of a line of poetry, especially in the distichal poetry of the Hebrew Bible and in early Germanic heroic verse such as Beowulf, where the line is composed of two (occasionally three) such parts.
 * 3)  A row, line, or rank of trees.

title: stich


text: smokings

title: smokings


text:
snap inhale

Noun

 * 1) A smoking trick where one takes a drag, expels smoke from the mouth before inhaling, and immediately inhales the smoke back in.

title: snap inhale


text:
smoke ring

Noun

 * 1) A ring of smoke exhaled by a smoker.
 * A smoke ring persists for a surprisingly long time, illustrating the slow rate at which viscosity dissipates the energy of a vortex.
 * A smoke ring persists for a surprisingly long time, illustrating the slow rate at which viscosity dissipates the energy of a vortex.
 * A smoke ring persists for a surprisingly long time, illustrating the slow rate at which viscosity dissipates the energy of a vortex.
 * A smoke ring persists for a surprisingly long time, illustrating the slow rate at which viscosity dissipates the energy of a vortex.
 * A smoke ring persists for a surprisingly long time, illustrating the slow rate at which viscosity dissipates the energy of a vortex.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish: savurengas,
 * French: rond de fumée, ronds de fumée

title: smoke ring


text: WUI

title: WUI


text: bestiaries

title: bestiaries


text:
reexport

Verb

 * 1) to export again; to export something that has been imported

Translations

 * Irish: athonnmhairigh, atheaspórtáil
 * Italian: riesportare
 * Manx: aa-assphurtee
 * Turkish:

Noun

 * 1)  export of a (recently) imported good

Translations

 * Finnish: jälleenvienti
 * Polish:

title: reexport


text: reexports

title: reexports


text: reexported

title: reexported


text: reexporting

title: reexporting


text:
Rutherford

Etymology
+ . The first element is from.

Proper noun

 * 1)  from a place where there was once a settlement in the Scottish borders.

title: Rutherford


text:
Verlängerung

Noun

 * 1) prolongation; lengthening process of making something longer, in space or duration
 * 2) lengthening process of becoming longer, in space or duration
 * 3)  extra time, overtime

Usage notes

 * Not used of the lengthening of a vowel. For that see.

title: Verlängerung


text:
Unschärferelation

Noun

 * 1)  uncertainty principle

title: Unschärferelation


text:
800-pound gorilla

Etymology
Attested since at least 1971, from a riddle: "Where does an 800-pound gorilla sleep?" / "Anywhere it wants."

Noun

 * 1)  An entity that dominates its environment.
 * 2)  Something dangerous, menacing, or frightening that is obvious but not addressed.
 * 1)  Something dangerous, menacing, or frightening that is obvious but not addressed.
 * 1)  Something dangerous, menacing, or frightening that is obvious but not addressed.
 * 1)  Something dangerous, menacing, or frightening that is obvious but not addressed.
 * 1)  Something dangerous, menacing, or frightening that is obvious but not addressed.

Usage notes

 * The weight in the metaphor can be varied quantitatively.
 * Occasionally other nouns are substituted, most commonly from another idiom, but also more context-specific nouns, such as  in an article on gardening.
 * Occasionally adjectives are inserted to modify gorilla to bring the metaphor closer to the context.

title: 800-pound gorilla


text:
conciatore

Noun

 * 1) tanner
 * 2) curer

title: conciatore


text:
concedersi

Verb

 * 1) to allow oneself
 * 2) to treat oneself
 * 1) to treat oneself

title: concedersi


text: concedermi

title: concedermi


text: concederti

title: concederti


text: concederci

title: concederci


text: concedervi

title: concedervi


text: concedendosi

title: concedendosi


text: concedendomi

title: concedendomi


text: concedendoti

title: concedendoti


text: concedendoci

title: concedendoci


text: concedendovi

title: concedendovi


text: concediti

title: concediti


text: concediamoci

title: concediamoci


text: concedetevi

title: concedetevi


text:
congedare

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to let (someone) depart
 * 2) to send someone packing; to dismiss; to fire
 * 1) to send someone packing; to dismiss; to fire
 * 1) to send someone packing; to dismiss; to fire

title: congedare


text:
congedando

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) that is to be demobilized

Noun

 * 1) a serviceman who is to be demobilized

title: congedando


text: congedante

title: congedante


text: congedato

title: congedato


text: congedati

title: congedati


text: congedata

title: congedata


text:
congedo

Etymology 1
From, from (whence also Italian ).

Noun

 * 1) leave; departure
 * 2)  leave (from work), especially from the military
 * 3)  final bow or salute from the characters of a play; finale
 * 4) conclusion of a sermon or other liturgical function
 * 5)  coda
 * 1)  coda

title: congedo


text: congedi

title: congedi


text: congeda

title: congeda


text: congediamo

title: congediamo


text: congedate

title: congedate


text: congedano

title: congedano


text: congedavo

title: congedavo


text: congedavi

title: congedavi


text: congedava

title: congedava


text: congedavamo

title: congedavamo


text: congedavate

title: congedavate


text: congedavano

title: congedavano


text: congedai

title: congedai


text: congedasti

title: congedasti


text: congedò

title: congedò


text: congedammo

title: congedammo


text: congedaste

title: congedaste


text: congedarono

title: congedarono


text: congederò

title: congederò


text: congederai

title: congederai


text: congederà

title: congederà


text: congederemo

title: congederemo


text: congederete

title: congederete


text: congederanno

title: congederanno


text: congederei

title: congederei


text: congederesti

title: congederesti


text: congederebbe

title: congederebbe


text: congederemmo

title: congederemmo


text: congedereste

title: congedereste


text: congederebbero

title: congederebbero


text: congediate

title: congediate


text: congedino

title: congedino


text: congedassi

title: congedassi


text: congedasse

title: congedasse


text: congedassimo

title: congedassimo


text: congedassero

title: congedassero


text:
congratularsi

Verb

 * 1) to congratulate
 * 1) to congratulate

title: congratularsi


text: congratulante

title: congratulante


text: congratulato

title: congratulato


text: congratulati

title: congratulati


text: congratulata

title: congratulata


text: congratuli

title: congratuli


text: congratuliamo

title: congratuliamo


text: congratulano

title: congratulano


text: congratulavo

title: congratulavo


text: congratulavi

title: congratulavi


text: congratulava

title: congratulava


text: congratulavamo

title: congratulavamo


text: congratulavate

title: congratulavate


text: congratulavano

title: congratulavano


text: congratulai

title: congratulai


text: congratulasti

title: congratulasti


text: congratulò

title: congratulò


text: congratulammo

title: congratulammo


text: congratularono

title: congratularono


text:
congrega

Noun

 * 1) gang

title: congrega


text: congratulerò

title: congratulerò


text: congratulerai

title: congratulerai


text: congratulerà

title: congratulerà


text: congratuleremo

title: congratuleremo


text: congratulerete

title: congratulerete


text: congratuleranno

title: congratuleranno


text: congratulerei

title: congratulerei


text: congratuleresti

title: congratuleresti


text: congratulerebbe

title: congratulerebbe


text: congratuleremmo

title: congratuleremmo


text: congratulereste

title: congratulereste


text: congratulerebbero

title: congratulerebbero


text: congratuliate

title: congratuliate


text: congratulino

title: congratulino


text: congratulassi

title: congratulassi


text: congratulasse

title: congratulasse


text: congratulassimo

title: congratulassimo


text: congratulassero

title: congratulassero


text: congratularmi

title: congratularmi


text: congratularti

title: congratularti


text: congratularci

title: congratularci


text: congratularvi

title: congratularvi


text: congratulandosi

title: congratulandosi


text: congratulandomi

title: congratulandomi


text: congratulandoti

title: congratulandoti


text: congratulandoci

title: congratulandoci


text: congratulandovi

title: congratulandovi


text: congratuliamoci

title: congratuliamoci


text: congratulatevi

title: congratulatevi


text:
consacrare

Etymology
, alternative form of.

Verb

 * 1) to consecrate
 * 2) to ordain
 * 3) to anoint
 * 4) to establish
 * 5) to devote

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) consecration

title: consacrare


text:
consacrando

Etymology
, gerundive of.

Noun

 * 1)  one who is to be ordained

title: consacrando


text: consacrante

title: consacrante


text: consacrato

title: consacrato


text: consacrati

title: consacrati


text: consacrata

title: consacrata


text: consacro

title: consacro


text: consacri

title: consacri


text:
consacra

Etymology
, from.

Verb

 * 1) to devote oneself

title: consacra


text: consacriamo

title: consacriamo


text: consacrate

title: consacrate


text: consacrano

title: consacrano


text: consacravo

title: consacravo


text: consacravi

title: consacravi


text: consacrava

title: consacrava


text: consacravamo

title: consacravamo


text: consacravate

title: consacravate


text: consacravano

title: consacravano


text: consacrai

title: consacrai


text: consacrasti

title: consacrasti


text: consacrò

title: consacrò


text: consacrammo

title: consacrammo


text: consacraste

title: consacraste


text: consacrarono

title: consacrarono


text: consacrerò

title: consacrerò


text: consacrerai

title: consacrerai


text: consacrerà

title: consacrerà


text: consacreremo

title: consacreremo


text: consacrerete

title: consacrerete


text: consacreranno

title: consacreranno


text: consacrerei

title: consacrerei


text:
consacrarsi

Verb

 * 1) to dedicate oneself (to)

title: consacrarsi


text: consacreresti

title: consacreresti


text: consacrerebbe

title: consacrerebbe


text: consacreremmo

title: consacreremmo


text: consacrereste

title: consacrereste


text: consacrerebbero

title: consacrerebbero


text: consacriate

title: consacriate


text: consacrino

title: consacrino


text: consacrassi

title: consacrassi


text: consacrasse

title: consacrasse


text: consacrassimo

title: consacrassimo


text: consacrassero

title: consacrassero


text: consacrarmi

title: consacrarmi


text: consacrarti

title: consacrarti


text: consacrarci

title: consacrarci


text: consacrarvi

title: consacrarvi


text: consacrandosi

title: consacrandosi


text: consacrandomi

title: consacrandomi


text: consacrandoti

title: consacrandoti


text: consacrandoci

title: consacrandoci


text: consacrandovi

title: consacrandovi


text: consacriamoci

title: consacriamoci


text: consacratevi

title: consacratevi


text:
consolante

Adjective

 * 1) consoling, comforting

title: consolante


text:
consolato

Etymology
From Latin consulatus.

Adjective

 * 1) consoled, comforted

Noun

 * 1) consulate

title: consolato


text: consolati

title: consolati


text: consolata

title: consolata


text: consoli

title: consoli


text: consoliamo

title: consoliamo


text:
consolate

Etymology
, p.p. See (transitive verb). .

Adjective

 * 1)  Comforted, consoled.
 * 2)  Not disconsolate; contented.

Verb

 * 1)  To console; to comfort.

title: consolate


text: consolano

title: consolano


text: consolavo

title: consolavo


text: consolavi

title: consolavi


text: consolava

title: consolava


text: consolavamo

title: consolavamo


text: consolavate

title: consolavate


text: consolavano

title: consolavano


text: consolai

title: consolai


text: consolasti

title: consolasti


text: consolò

title: consolò


text: consolammo

title: consolammo


text: consolarono

title: consolarono


text: consolerò

title: consolerò


text:
consolarsi

Verb

 * 1) to console oneself
 * 1) to console oneself

title: consolarsi


text: consolerai

title: consolerai


text: consolerà

title: consolerà


text: consoleremo

title: consoleremo


text: consolerete

title: consolerete


text: consoleranno

title: consoleranno


text: consolerei

title: consolerei


text: consoleresti

title: consoleresti


text: consolerebbe

title: consolerebbe


text: consoleremmo

title: consoleremmo


text: consolereste

title: consolereste


text: consolerebbero

title: consolerebbero


text: consoliate

title: consoliate


text: consolino

title: consolino


text: consolassi

title: consolassi


text: consolasse

title: consolasse


text: consolassimo

title: consolassimo


text: consolassero

title: consolassero


text: consolarmi

title: consolarmi


text: consolarti

title: consolarti


text: consolarci

title: consolarci


text: consolarvi

title: consolarvi


text: consolandosi

title: consolandosi


text: consolandomi

title: consolandomi


text: consolandoti

title: consolandoti


text: consolandoci

title: consolandoci


text: consolandovi

title: consolandovi


text: consoliamoci

title: consoliamoci


text: consolatevi

title: consolatevi


text:
consolazione

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) consolation
 * 2) comfort

title: consolazione


text:
veðurfastur

Etymology
Compound of veður (‘weather’) and fastur (‘fixed, fast, firm’)

Adjective

 * 1) ‘weather-fastened’ (when the weather conditions prevent one's getting away from a place)
 * 2) * Hon situr veðurføst har uppi.
 * She sits ‘weather fastned’ up there (can't move from there due to the weather).
 * 1) * Veðurføst is the title of the first play in Faroese language by Helena Patursson 1889
 * 1) * Veðurføst is the title of the first play in Faroese language by Helena Patursson 1889

title: veðurfastur


text:
contrabbando

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) smuggling
 * 2) contraband

title: contrabbando


text: veðurføst

title: veðurføst


text:
controfigura

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) double (in films)
 * 2) stuntman

title: controfigura


text:
controllore

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) inspector (on buses, trains etc.)
 * 2) customs officer

title: controllore


text:
convegno

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) meeting
 * 2) meeting place
 * 3)  agreement, pact
 * 1)  agreement, pact

title: convegno


text:
convinzione

Etymology
..

Noun

 * 1) conviction

title: convinzione


text:
cordiale

Etymology
. Noun meaning via.

Adjective

 * 1) warm, cordial

Noun

 * 1) cordial drink

title: cordiale


text:
Torgny

Etymology
, +, with identical meaning in modern Swedish.

title: Torgny


text:
cordone

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) cord
 * 2) flex
 * 3) string (of a bag etc.)
 * 4) cordon

title: cordone


text:
correttamente

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) correctly

title: correttamente


text:
corticale

Adjective

 * 1) cortical

title: corticale


text:
corteccia

Etymology
From, feminine of , from.

Noun

 * 1) cortex
 * 2) bark

title: corteccia


text:
cortigiana

Noun

 * : female courtier
 * 1) courtesan

title: cortigiana


text:
cortigiano

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) courtly befitting a royal court
 * 2) courtly of or relating to a royal court

Noun

 * 1) courtier

title: cortigiano


text:
costantemente

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) constantly
 * 2) steadfastly

title: costantemente


text:
Sveinung

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬,, and 🇨🇬.

title: Sveinung


text:
User talk:Msfest

Do you have any intention of contributing words and their definitions to Wiktionary. We are not here to give publicity to causes, however deserving. SemperBlotto 09:29, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Msfest


text: Svenn

title: Svenn


text:
costruttore

Noun

 * 1) (male) builder
 * 2) (male) manufacturer
 * 3)  constructor

Adjective

 * 1)  building

title: costruttore


text:
creatore

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) creative

Noun

 * 1) creator
 * 2) founder

title: creatore


text:
cribbio

Interjection

 * : crikey, damn, blast, gee, blimey

title: cribbio


text:
crucciare

Etymology
Effectively an alternative form of.

Verb

 * 1)  to torment, to afflict

title: crucciare


text: crucciando

title: crucciando


text: crucciante

title: crucciante


text:
crucciato

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) worried
 * 2) tormented

title: crucciato


text: crucciati

title: crucciati


text: crucciata

title: crucciata


text: cruccia

title: cruccia


text: crucciamo

title: crucciamo


text: crucciate

title: crucciate


text: crucciano

title: crucciano


text: crucciavo

title: crucciavo


text: crucciavi

title: crucciavi


text: crucciava

title: crucciava


text: crucciavamo

title: crucciavamo


text: crucciavate

title: crucciavate


text: crucciavano

title: crucciavano


text: crucciai

title: crucciai


text: crucciasti

title: crucciasti


text: crucciò

title: crucciò


text: crucciammo

title: crucciammo


text: crucciaste

title: crucciaste


text: crucciarono

title: crucciarono


text: cruccerò

title: cruccerò


text: cruccerai

title: cruccerai


text: cruccerà

title: cruccerà


text: crucceremo

title: crucceremo


text: cruccerete

title: cruccerete


text: crucceranno

title: crucceranno


text: cruccerei

title: cruccerei


text: crucceresti

title: crucceresti


text: cruccerebbe

title: cruccerebbe


text: crucceremmo

title: crucceremmo


text: cruccereste

title: cruccereste


text: cruccerebbero

title: cruccerebbero


text: cruccino

title: cruccino


text: crucciassi

title: crucciassi


text: crucciasse

title: crucciasse


text: crucciassimo

title: crucciassimo


text: crucciassero

title: crucciassero


text:
culetto

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) the rounded end of a salami
 * 2)  butt; buttocks

title: culetto


text:
Steinar

Etymology
From.

Usage notes
Patronymics
 * son of Steinar: Steinarsson
 * daughter of Steinar: Steinarsdóttir

Etymology
From.

Etymology
From, from , from +. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

title: Steinar


text:
lepta

Noun

 * 1)  (coin)

title: lepta


text:
User:Danielspencer91

Danielspencer91 is also on WIKIPEDIA. See his userpage w:User:Danielspencer91

This User is currently taking fluking his GCSE's in year 11. Due to this, this user may not be able to edit as often as he would like.

Update! This User has an A* in his Year 10 Science GCSE!

Update! This User has an A in his Year 11 Maths   GCSE!

title: User:Danielspencer91


text:
Stian

Etymology
Contraction of. First recorded in Norway in the 14th century.

title: Stian


text:
Ståle

Etymology
, from.

title: Ståle


text:
přesvědčení

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) conviction firmly held belief
 * 1) conviction firmly held belief

title: přesvědčení


text:
Dales

Proper noun

 * 1) The Yorkshire Dales, an upland area, in Northern England.
 * 2) A surname.

title: Dales


text:
přesvědčit

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to convince

title: přesvědčit


text: Øivind

title: Øivind


text:
Øyvind

Etymology
From by the 13th century. A variant of.

title: Øyvind


text: Ejvind

title: Ejvind


text:
Lakeland

Proper noun

 * 1) The Lake District, a rural area in northwest England.

title: Lakeland


text:
Oddmund

Proper noun

 * 1)  created in modern times from the Old Norse elements Odd "sharp point" and -mund "protector"

title: Oddmund


text:
Oddvar

Etymology
Newer name; from and the old name element. Also a variant of.

title: Oddvar


text: -lyng

title: -lyng


text:
Oddlaug

Etymology
From and.

title: Oddlaug


text:
Oddny

Etymology
From, from and.

title: Oddny


text:
Oddrun

Etymology
From, from and.

title: Oddrun


text:
pamidronate

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  The, or any salt or , of . Used as a medication to inhibit bone loss in disorders of bone metabolism.

title: pamidronate


text:
Oddbjørn

Etymology
From ; equivalent to.

Usage notes
Patronymics
 * son of Oddbjørn: Oddbjarnarson / Oddbjørnsson
 * daughter of Oddbjørn: Oddbjarnardóttir/Oddbjørnsdóttir

Etymology
and.

title: Oddbjørn


text:
pamidronic acid

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  (3-amino-1-hydroxy-1-phosphono-)phosphonic acid—a bisphosphonate drug to inhibit bone loss.

Translations

 * Finnish: pamidronihappo

title: pamidronic acid


text:
Oddbjørg

Etymology
From +.

Usage notes
Matronymics
 * son of Oddbjørg:
 * daughter of Oddbjørg:

Etymology
From and.

title: Oddbjørg


text:
Wenche

Etymology
From, , , the diminutive of several female given names beginning with the Germanic element.

The spelling Wenche began to appear in Norway at the end of the 19th century.

title: Wenche


text:
hydroxyapatite

Etymology
en

Noun

 * 1) A basic calcium phosphate mineral that is the principal inorganic constituent of bone and teeth.

Translations

 * Czech: hydroxyapatit
 * Hungarian: hidroxiapatit
 * Italian:

title: hydroxyapatite


text:
dalesman

Noun

 * 1) A person from the Yorkshire Dales, or sometimes a person from Lakeland.
 * 2) * January 28 2002, A Harry Griffin, The Guardian, A time to kill.
 * The dalesmen's sport, fox-hunting on the fells, is gradually returning after its 11-months' foot-and-mouth ban.

title: dalesman


text:
nanohole

Noun

 * 1)  A hole of nanoscale dimensions; but especially one of an array of such holes on a semiconductor surface.

title: nanohole


text: dalesmen

title: dalesmen


text:
Leif

Etymology
Ultimately from.

Etymology
From. Revived in the 19th century.

Etymology
From, from , northern variant of , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. The form has the vowel of the older dative and plural, while the variant  continues the nominative and accusative singular.

Noun

 * 1) body

Etymology
From. Used in Norway since the Middle Ages.

Etymology
From, from. First recorded as a given name in Sweden in 1852.

title: Leif


text:
demodulator

Noun

 * 1) Any device that demodulates a signal

Derived terms

 * pulse demodulator

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 解調器
 * French:
 * German: Demodulator
 * Japanese: 復調器, デモジュレータ
 * Russian:

Etymology
or.

title: demodulator


text:
Leiv

Etymology
From, which is derived from the feminine noun , whence also and. The name is a short form of Old Norse names ending in, such as (> ).

Used in Norway since the Middle Ages.

Related terms
Male given names:

Female given names:

title: Leiv


text:
Olaug

Proper noun

 * 1)  probably derived from, a Norwegian feminine equivalent of  /

title: Olaug


text: Merethe

title: Merethe


text:
-pas

Suffix

 * 1) indefinite article suffix for long objects; a (long object)

Pronunciation

 * (-pis)
 * (-pis)

Suffix

 * 1) also, too
 * Qamtapas khuyanim.
 * I love you as well.
 * Chay warmim tusuchkanpas takichkanpas.
 * That woman is dancing and singing.
 * Paypas ñuqapas risaqku.
 * He and I will go.

title: -pas


text:
snippa

Etymology
Partly derived from, the male equivalent. Gained mainstream popularity in Sweden since the early 21st century. Supported due to a need for neutral terminology.

Noun

 * 1)  the female genitalia

Synonyms

 * ("mouse")
 * ("mouse")
 * ("mouse")
 * ("mouse")

title: snippa


text: Jannicke

title: Jannicke


text:
共乘

Verb

 * 1)  to ride together (on the same horse or in the same chariot)

title: 共乘


text:
不到

Verb

 * 1) to not yet reach; to not yet arrive at
 * 2) to not arrive; to not show up

Particle

 * 1) cannot

title: 不到


text:
podcaster

Noun

 * 1) One who podcasts.

Etymology
From, influenced by the verb to podcast.

Verb

 * 1) to podcast

title: podcaster


text:
galet

Noun

 * 1) spout of a porron, for example

Etymology
From +.

Noun

 * 1) pebble
 * 2)  disk-shaped object
 * 3)  roller

Etymology
From +.

Noun

 * 1)  pebble

title: galet


text:
淳于

Proper noun

 * : Chunyu

title: 淳于


text:
spojnice

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  connector line connecting two shapes

title: spojnice


text:
presentation software

Noun

 * 1)  A computer software package used to display information, normally in the form of a slideshow.

title: presentation software


text:
一行

Noun

 * 1) a group travelling or working together; a party

Noun

 * 1) one row; one line
 * 2) a (kind of) profession; same profession

Noun

 * 1) a party, group, troupe
 * 2) a line, row

 * 1) one line of text
 * 2) alternative form of 一行 (いっこう) above

title: 一行


text:
車駕

Noun

 * 1)  the emperor's personal carriage

title: 車駕


text: 车驾

title: 车驾


text:
User:Robert Ullmann/Rat Patrol

intro
This is a patrol program for the English Wiktionary.

It must be run from a sysop/admin account.

It requires Python + the Python Wikipedia framework. It also requires Tkinter, which usually comes with Python.

Updated September 2009, re-written version.

code
copy everything after the source tag to the end of the page, save as ratpatrol.py in the pywikipedia directory/folder

 * 1) !/usr/bin/python
 * 2) -*- coding: utf-8  -*-

""" this application patrols the en.wikt

requires some version of the "pywikipedia framework", preferably recent, but need not be updated all the time (-), most code is within this file

requires Python 2.6

requires Tkinter (which you should have with Python)

in user-config.py, make sure one line reads:

sysopnames['wiktionary']['en'] = "(your username)"

then run! will exit more cleanly if you only use the "quit" button, rather than closing the window

the "console" (on Windoze) or the command shell you started from will display lots of log messages to tell you what it is doing

Buttons:

Edit page      -- open a new tab (or window) in default browser in page edit Show diffs     -- open a new tab etc showing diffs for revision Skip user      -- skip edits by this user for 24 hours Whitelist      -- mark all edits seen by by this user for 24 hours (new or old) Skip           -- skip this edit for 72 hours (someone else ought to look at it) Mark           -- mark this edit patrolled (-)

large edits won't fit in the differences boxes, use the "show diffs" button to see more the revision list at the bottom will often tell you if a later editor fixed/reverted a bad edit, which you can then mark

"""

import wikipedia import sys import re import pickle import time import xmlreader import socket from math import floor from Tkinter import * import Queue import threading from webbrowser import open_new_tab from difflib import ndiff, unified_diff import urllib import config

def srep(s): return repr(u''+s)[2:-1]

plock = threading.Lock

def log(s): with plock: print srep(s)

 * 1) slightly odd string syntax in the following is so that it can be saved in wikitext

def unescape(s): if '&' not in s: return s   s = s.replace("&" "lt;", "<") s = s.replace("&" "gt;", ">") s = s.replace("&" "apos;", "'") s = s.replace("&" "quot;", '"')   s = s.replace("&" "#039;", "'")    s = s.replace("&" "amp;", "&") # Must be last    return s

site = None Quit = False

class Task: def __init__(t, revid = , pid = , title = , user = , oldid = ,                   rcid = , ts = , summary = ): t.revid = revid t.pid = pid t.title = title t.urlname = urllib.quote(title.encode(site.encoding)) t.user = user t.oldid = oldid t.rcid = rcid t.ts = ts       t.summary = summary t.allrevs = None t.oldlines = '' t.newlines = '' t.revlines = '' t.reason = '' t.done = False

def __cmp__(s, o): # inverse, decreasing [ temp back to increase ] if s.ts < o.ts: return -1 if s.ts > o.ts: return 1 return 0

 * 1) timeout set: a set that elements magically disappear from after a time
 * 2) [may need to add thread locks]

from weakref import WeakValueDictionary from heapq import heappush, heappop

class tmo(float): pass

class timeoutset:

def __init__(s, timeout): s.timeout = timeout s.wdict = WeakValueDictionary s.theap = []

def add(s, key): t = tmo(time.clock) s.wdict[key] = t       heappush(s.theap, t)

def __contains__(s, key): while s.theap and s.theap[0] < time.clock - s.timeout: heappop(s.theap) return key in s.wdict

def __len__(s): return len(s.theap)

active = WeakValueDictionary
 * 1) all active tasks, not in skip list, key is revid

skipped = timeoutset(96 * 3600)
 * 1) tasks skipped for a few days, values are revids

whitelist = timeoutset(24 * 3600)
 * 1) whitelisted users

skipusers = timeoutset(24 * 3600)
 * 1) users to skip for a while

 * 1) queues: tasks, ready to present, ready to mark

tasq = Queue.PriorityQueue readyq = Queue.Queue patrolq = Queue.Queue

promptq = Queue.Queue(1)
 * 1) prompt "queue": one task rechecked and ready to display

 * 1) check a task to see where it should go, used at several steps

def checktask(task):

if task.done: return None # drops task from active presumably

if task.user in whitelist: task.reason = 'user ' + task.user + ' in whitelist' patrolq.put(task) return None

if task.title in whitelistpages: task.reason = 'page in whitelist' patrolq.put(task) return None

if task.user in skipusers: skipped.add(task.revid) stat("Skipped", len(skipped)) return None

return task # next step as normal

 * 1) fairly static list of white listed pages (some also annoying to load lots of revs, very big ;-)

whitelistpages = [ 'Wiktionary:Requests for verification', 'Wiktionary:Requests for deletion', 'Wiktionary:Requests for cleanup', 'Wiktionary:Tea room', 'Wiktionary:Beer parlour', 'Wiktionary:Grease pit', 'Wiktionary:Requested entries:English', 'Wiktionary:Requested entries:Spanish', 'Wiktionary:List of protologisms', 'Wiktionary:Translation requests', 'Wiktionary:Featured word candidates', 'Wiktionary:Feedback', 'Wiktionary:Information desk', 'Wiktionary:Sandbox', 'Wiktionary talk:Sandbox' ]

 * 1) mwapi interface, a few mods here

from StringIO import StringIO from gzip import GzipFile

 * 1) first, our own read url routine, so we can accept gzip, and be much faster:

class MyURLopener(urllib.FancyURLopener): version="PythonWikipediaBot/1.0"

 * 1) since we aren't using the framework 'throttle', do something better
 * 2) this is a "tick-tock" timer, shared on all threads
 * 3) clicked down each success, up on each network failure of any type

ticktocklock = threading.Lock ticktock = 1.0 def getticktock: global ticktock return ticktock

relagged = re.compile(r'= 10.0: with plock: print "(mwapi readapi: tick tock is %.1f)" % ticktock time.sleep(ticktock) ticktock -= 1.0  # undo first increment in loop

while not done: ticktock += 1.0  # done w/o lock, race condition is rare, not a serious problem, ignored! try: uo = MyURLopener uo.addheader('Cookie', site.cookies(sysop = sysop) or '') uo.addheader('Accept-Encoding', 'gzip') f = uo.open(url + maxlag) text = f.read try: if 'gzip' in f.info['Content-Encoding']: text = GzipFile(fileobj=StringIO(text)).read except KeyError: pass text = unicode(text, 'UTF-8', errors = 'ignore') done = True except Exception, e:           """ report all errors for now:            if '10054' in repr(e) and nap < 15:                time.sleep(nap)                continue # quietly            """ with plock: print "(%s: exception reading API: %s)" % (threading.currentThread.name, repr(e)) text = '' time.sleep(nap) nap = min(nap + nap/2, 300) continue

# following is specific to the net I am on; won't break anything for anyone else # so don't worry about it; but you can remove this block if desired if ' 600: maxlag = "" if maxlag and maxl > 60: with plock: print "(mwapi readapi: next with %s)" % maxlag # sleep replag if not more than 70 time.sleep(min(replag, 70)) done = False continue

return text

 * 1) recent changes, stuff into task queue

def readrc:

# keep track of recently seen revids, they can appear to be un-patrolled in the reply # but we've just now done them ... seen = timeoutset(7200)

# use regex. this will break sometimes if API is changed, so we will fix it (:-)

rerev = re.compile(r']*title="([^"]*)" rcid="([^"]*)" ' +                      r'pageid="([^"]*)" revid="([^"]*)" old_revid="([^"]*)" user="([^"]*)"' +                       r'[^>]*timestamp="([^"]*)" comment="([^"]*)"')

restar = re.compile(r'rcstart="([^"]*)"')

nap = 0 rcstart = '' # start at maxage # temp: # rcstart = "&rcstart=2009-09-19T00:00:00Z" lastr = time.time

while not Quit: nf = 0

with plock: print "reading rc" rcs = readapi(site, "action=query&list=recentchanges&rcprop=title|ids|user|timestamp|comment" +                       "&rclimit=max&rcshow=!patrolled&rcdir=newer&format=xml" + rcstart)

for mo in rerev.finditer(rcs): title = unescape(mo.group(1)) rcid = mo.group(2) pid = mo.group(3) revid = mo.group(4) oldid = mo.group(5) if oldid == "0": oldid = "" user = unescape(mo.group(6)) ts = mo.group(7) summary = unescape(mo.group(8))

if revid in active: continue if revid in skipped: continue if revid in seen: continue seen.add(revid)

# probably a good task nf += 1 task = Task(title=title, user=user, revid=revid, oldid=oldid,                        rcid=rcid, pid=pid, ts=ts, summary=summary) active[revid] = task stat("Unpatrolled", len(active))

task = checktask(task) if task: tasq.put(task)

task = None

# next timestamp forward (not given when we catch up to current) mo = restar.search(rcs) if mo: rcstart = "&rcstart=" + mo.group(1) else: # 40 minutes ago (must be >> max naptime) rcstart = '&rcstart=' + time.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ', time.gmtime(time.time - 2400))

# housekeeping (things that otherwise don't get updated when timed out) stat("Whitelist users", len(whitelist)) stat("Skipped users", len(skipusers)) stat("Unpatrolled", len(active))

# every few hours or so, start at beginning again (pick up skips, anything missed) if lastr < time.time - (4 * 3600): rcstart = '' lastr = time.time

# nap time ... if nf > 2: nap /= 2 else: nap = min(nap+20, 350) with plock: print "rc found", nf, "next in", nap for i in range(nap/5): time.sleep(5) if Quit: break

with plock: print "recent changes thread ends"

 * 1) read patrol log

def readpl:

markedothers = 0

repat = re.compile(r']*title="([^"]*)"[^>]*user="([^"]*)"[^>]*>' +                      r'\s*]*prev="([^"]*)" cur="([^"]*)"')

restar = re.compile(r'lestart="([^"]*)"')

# start a while ago lestart = '&lestart=' + time.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ', time.gmtime(time.time - 2400))

nap = 10

while not Quit:

nf = 0

if len(active): with plock: print "reading patrol log" pats = readapi(site, "action=query&list=logevents&letype=patrol&lelimit=max&format=xml" +                                "&ledir=newer" + lestart) else: pats = '' # little point, eh? sleep some more ...

for mo in repat.finditer(pats): title = unescape(mo.group(1)) user = unescape(mo.group(2)) prev = mo.group(3) # oldid cur = mo.group(4) # revid

task = None if cur in active: try: task = active[cur] except KeyError: pass # race with GC           if not task or task.done: continue

with plock: print "rev %s of %s patrolled by %s" % (srep(cur), srep(title), srep(user)) task.done = True # we have no idea where it is ... (:-)           markedothers += 1 stat("Marked by others", markedothers) nf += 1

task = None

# next timestamp forward (not given when we catch up to current) mo = restar.search(pats) if mo: lestart = "&lestart=" + mo.group(1) else: # 40 minutes ago (must be >> max naptime) lestart = '&lestart=' + time.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ', time.gmtime(time.time - 2400))

if nf: nap /= 2 else: nap = min(nap+20, 700) for i in range(0, nap/5): if Quit: break time.sleep(5)

with plock: print "read patrol log thread ends"

 * 1) mark edits

def patrol:

markedbyme = 0 whitelisted = 0

while not Quit: try: task = patrolq.get(timeout=20) except Queue.Empty: continue

if task.done: task = None continue # can be marked and patrolled by someone else # set here, race with read log, that often picks it before we get reply! task.done = True

resp = site.getUrl("/w/index.php?title=%s&action=markpatrolled&rcid=%s" % \             (task.urlname, task.rcid), sysop = True)

if "Marked as patrolled" not in resp: log("failed to patrol %s of %s" % (task.rcid, task.title)) for line in resp.splitlines: print srep(line) task = None time.sleep(30) # will presumably pick it up again eventually, if not marked by another # if it did in fact succeed, no matter ... continue

if not task.reason: markedbyme += 1 stat("Marked by me", markedbyme) with plock: print "patrolled %s of %s, my mark" % (srep(task.revid), srep(task.title)) else: # presume was marked by whitelisting user or page whitelisted += 1 stat("Whitelisted", whitelisted) with plock: print "patrolled %s of %s, %s" % \ (srep(task.revid), srep(task.title), srep(task.reason))

task = None stat("Unpatrolled", len(active))

time.sleep(5) # no hurry

with plock: print "patrol thread ends"

 * 1) preload, read from task q, write to ready q

def preload:

rever = re.compile(r']*user="([^"]*)"' +                      r'[^>]*timestamp="([^"]*)"\s*(comment="[^"]*"|)[^>]*>(.*?) ', re.S)

# cache of previously read revisions, kept as long as some other task has them # key is title, value is other task (can't just be unicode string, must be object) revcache = WeakValueDictionary

while not Quit: try: task = tasq.get(timeout=20) except Queue.Empty: continue task = checktask(task) if not task: continue

log('preload for ' + task.title)

# see if we have revs already

revs = None if task.title in revcache: try: ot = revcache[task.title] revs = ot.allrevs # from other task ot = None except KeyError: pass

if not revs: with plock: print "reading 20 revs for", srep(task.title) revs = readapi(site,                "action=query&prop=revisions|info&rvprop=timestamp|user|comment|content|ids&format=xml"                 "&titles=" + task.urlname + "&rvlimit=20")

# now we want to see if we have enough; maybe not, and maybe stale if 'revid="' + task.revid + '"' not in revs: revs = '' if task.oldid and 'revid="' + task.oldid + '"' not in revs: revs = ''

# if not, do it again at 200 if not revs: with plock: print "reading 200 revs for", srep(task.title) revs = readapi(site,                "action=query&prop=revisions|info&rvprop=timestamp|user|comment|content|ids&format=xml"                 "&titles=" + task.urlname + "&rvlimit=200")

# check again! if 'revid="' + task.revid + '"' not in revs: revs = '' if task.oldid and 'revid="' + task.oldid + '"' not in revs: revs = ''

if not revs: # can happen on page deletes, moves, stuff with plock: "can't find needed old revs for %s, skipping task!" % srep(task.title) skipped.add(task.revid) stat("Skipped", len(skipped)) task = None stat("Unpatrolled", len(active)) continue

task.allrevs = revs revcache[task.title] = task # now available for other tasks on same title

# now find the revs we want, and make a list ... oldrevtext = '' newrevtext = '' replinelist = [ ]

for mo in rever.finditer(revs): revid = mo.group(1) if revid == task.revid: mark = '*' else: mark = ' ' user = unescape(mo.group(2)) ts = mo.group(3) ts = ts.replace('T', ' ') ts = ts.replace('Z', ' ') comment = unescape(mo.group(4)[9:-1]) text = unescape(mo.group(5))

if len(replinelist) < 10: replinelist.append("%s %s %s: (%s)" % (ts, mark, user, comment)) # with plock: print "debug match rev", srep(ts), srep(user), srep(comment) elif revid == task.revid: # add to list with ellipsis (-) replinelist = replinelist[:-2] replinelist.append("      [ ... ]") replinelist.append("%s %s %s: (%s)" % (ts, mark, user, comment))

if revid == task.revid: newrevtext = text if revid == task.oldid: oldrevtext = text

# should have always been found? if not newrevtext: with plock: print "what? can't match new revtext in revs?" continue # discard task?

task.revlines = u'\n'.join(replinelist)

# differences

""" old       for delta in ndiff(oldrevtext.splitlines, newrevtext.splitlines):            delta = unescape(delta)            if delta.startswith('- '):                task.oldlines += delta[2:] + '\n'            elif delta.startswith('+ '):                task.newlines += delta[2:] + '\n'            # ignore '  ' and '? ' lines, might do something with context later?        """ for delta in unified_diff(oldrevtext.splitlines, newrevtext.splitlines, n=1): delta = unescape(delta) if delta.startswith('--'): pass elif delta.startswith('++'): pass elif delta.startswith('-'): task.oldlines += delta[1:] + '\n' elif delta.startswith('+'): task.newlines += delta[1:] + '\n' elif delta.startswith(' '): task.oldlines += delta[1:] + '\n' task.newlines += delta[1:] + '\n' # ignore other lines

readyq.put(task) task = None

nap = readyq.qsize / 20 for i in range(nap/5): time.sleep(5) if Quit: break

with plock: print "preload thread ends"

 * 1) recheck task, just before presenting to user
 * 2) reverted edits don't show as patrolled in the log
 * 3) and page may be (often is) deleted
 * 4) so we look for one row in the RC table to tell us if the edit is still there

 * 1) has to run as a thread or it hangs the UI
 * 2) takes a task off of the readyq and stuffs it in the prompt "queue" (placeholder for one entry)

 * 1) note we can't select on rcid (which would be cool, and obvious), so we look for everything
 * 2) with the exact timestamp

reclines = re.compile(r']*rcid="(\d*)"[^>]*>')

def recheck:

while not Quit:

# get a new task:

try: task = readyq.get_nowait except Queue.Empty: time.sleep(5) continue

task = checktask(task) if not task or task.done: task = None continue

rcs = readapi(site, "action=query&list=recentchanges&rcprop=ids|patrolled" +                 "&rclimit=20&format=xml&rcstart=%s&rcend=%s" % (task.ts, task.ts), nomaxlag = True)

# print srep(rcs)

for mo in reclines.finditer(rcs): if mo.group(1) != task.rcid: continue if "patrolled" in mo.group(0): with plock: print "rev %s of %s patrolled by someone" % (srep(task.revid), srep(task.title)) task = None else: promptq.put(task) task = None while promptq.qsize > 0: time.sleep(1) # wait for it to be eaten break

# not found? if task: with plock: print "rev %s of %s apparently deleted" % (srep(task.revid), srep(task.title)) task = None continue

with plock: print "recheck thread ends"

 * 1) now the tkinter stuff:
 * 2) could do a fancy class with attributes and methods, but instead keep it simple, just share some stuff

root = None status = None statboxes = { }

tkmessages = Queue.Queue

def stat(n, v): tkmessages.put( (n, v) )

 * 1) messages to update stats from other threads

def tkmess:

while tkmessages.qsize: try: lab, val = tkmessages.get statboxes[lab].config(text=val) statboxes[lab].update_idletasks

except Queue.Empty: pass

root.after(200, tkmess)

 * 1) oldest (?) unpatrolled page data

oldboxes = { } oldedit = None # current task being presented oldlines = None newlines = None revlines = None showdiffb = None oldlineslabel = None newlineslabel = None
 * 1) shared things, just easier this way, all belong to tk run thread

def get_next_oldpage: global oldboxes, oldedit global showdiffb, oldlineslabel, newlineslabel

oldedit = None

oldboxes['Title'].config(text='') oldboxes['User'].config(text='') oldboxes['Summary'].config(text='') oldlines.config(text='') newlines.config(text='') revlines.config(text='')

try: oldedit = promptq.get_nowait except Queue.Empty: root.after(5000, get_next_oldpage) return

oldedit = checktask(oldedit) if not oldedit: # recall immediately: root.after(20, get_next_oldpage) return if oldedit.oldid: oldlineslabel.config(text='Old lines') newlineslabel.config(text='New lines') showdiffb.config(text='Show diffs') else: oldlineslabel.config(text='') newlineslabel.config(text='Page text') showdiffb.config(text='Show page')

oldboxes['Title'].config(text=oldedit.title) oldboxes['User'].config(text=oldedit.user) oldboxes['Summary'].config(text=oldedit.summary) oldlines.config(text=oldedit.oldlines) newlines.config(text=oldedit.newlines) revlines.config(text=oldedit.revlines) newlines.update_idletasks

return

def mark_edit:

if not oldedit: return

patrolq.put(oldedit)

get_next_oldpage return

def show_diff:

if not oldedit: return

if oldedit.oldid: open_new_tab("http://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%s&diff=next&oldid=%s" %               (oldedit.urlname, oldedit.oldid)) else: open_new_tab("http://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%s" % oldedit.urlname)

return

def edit_page:

if not oldedit: return

open_new_tab("http://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%s&action=edit" % oldedit.urlname)

return

def skip_edit: global oldedit

if not oldedit: return

skipped.add(oldedit.revid) stat("Skipped", len(skipped)) oldedit = None stat("Unpatrolled", len(active))

get_next_oldpage return

def skip_user: global oldedit if not oldedit: return

skipusers.add(oldedit.user) stat("Skipped users", len(skipusers))

# continue to skip this edit skip_edit return

def whitelist_user: global oldedit if not oldedit: return

whitelist.add(oldedit.user) stat("Whitelist users", len(whitelist))

# continue to mark this edit mark_edit return

def rats_quit: global Quit

Quit = True log("Quitting ...") time.sleep(20)

root.quit

 * 1) main program runs tkinter loop

def main: global site

socket.setdefaulttimeout(140)

site = wikipedia.getSite("en", "wiktionary") site.forceLogin(sysop = True) # force this off, sysop is never bot (framework bug) config.notify_unflagged_bot = False

# things shared with subs global root, oldlines, newlines, revlines global showdiffb, oldlineslabel, newlineslabel

rct = threading.Thread(target=readrc) rct.daemon = True rct.name = 'read recent changes'

plt = threading.Thread(target=readpl) plt.daemon = True plt.name = 'read patrol log'

prt = threading.Thread(target=preload) prt.daemon = True prt.name = 'preload'

pat = threading.Thread(target=patrol) pat.daemon = True pat.name = 'mark patrol'

rkt = threading.Thread(target=recheck) rkt.daemon = True rkt.name = 'recheck revision'

root = Tk root.title('Rat Patrol')

font = ('Arial', 10) fontb = ('Arial', 10, 'bold')

# pack from bottom, then left to right at top:

revlines = Label(root, width=97, height=10, justify=LEFT, anchor=W, font=font, bg='#fff', relief=RIDGE) revlines.pack(side=BOTTOM, padx=5, pady=5)

# button bar

bbox = Frame(root) bbox.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X, padx=10, pady=5)

editpageb = Button(bbox, text="Edit page", width=11, font=font, command=edit_page) editpageb.pack(side=LEFT)

showdiffb = Button(bbox, text="Show diffs", width=11, font=font, command=show_diff) showdiffb.pack(side=LEFT)

skipuserb = Button(bbox, text="Skip user", width=11, font=font, command=skip_user) skipuserb.pack(side=LEFT)

wluserb = Button(bbox, text="Whitelist", width=11, font=font, command=whitelist_user) wluserb.pack(side=LEFT)

skipeditb = Button(bbox, text="Skip", width=8, font=font, command=skip_edit) skipeditb.pack(side=LEFT)

markeditb = Button(bbox, text="Mark", width=8, font=font, command=mark_edit) markeditb.pack(side=LEFT)

quitb = Button(bbox, text='Quit', width=10, font=font, command=rats_quit) quitb.pack(side=RIGHT)

# differences

dbox = Frame(root) dbox.pack(side=BOTTOM, padx=10, pady=5)

obox = Frame(dbox) obox.pack(side=LEFT) oldlineslabel = Label(obox, text="Old lines", width=24, font=fontb, justify=LEFT, anchor=W) oldlineslabel.pack(side=TOP, fill=X) oldlines = Label(obox, width=48, height=8, justify=LEFT, anchor=W, font=font, bg='#fff', relief=RIDGE) oldlines.config(wraplength = oldlines.winfo_reqwidth - 8) oldlines.pack(side=TOP)

nbox = Frame(dbox) nbox.pack(side=LEFT) newlineslabel = Label(nbox, text="New lines", width=24, font=fontb, justify=LEFT, anchor=W) newlineslabel.pack(side=TOP, fill=X) newlines = Label(nbox, width=48, height=8, justify=LEFT, anchor=W, font=font, bg='#fff', relief=RIDGE) newlines.config(wraplength = newlines.winfo_reqwidth - 8) newlines.pack(side=TOP)

# statistics frame, boxes stats = Frame(root) stats.pack(side=LEFT, padx=10, pady=5)

statframes = { } statlabels = { } for lab in [ 'Unpatrolled', 'Marked by me', 'Marked by others', 'Whitelisted', \ 'Whitelist users', 'Skipped users', 'Skipped' ]: statframes[lab] = Frame(stats) statframes[lab].pack(side=TOP) statlabels[lab] = Label(statframes[lab], text=lab+':', width=15, font=font, justify=LEFT, anchor=W) statlabels[lab].pack(side=LEFT) statboxes[lab] = Label(statframes[lab], text='0', width=10, font=font, justify=RIGHT, anchor=E, bg='#fff', relief=RIDGE) statboxes[lab].pack(side=RIGHT)

ebox = Frame(root) ebox.pack(side=LEFT, padx=10, pady=5, fill=X)

oldframes = { } oldlabels = { } oldtoplabel = Label(ebox, text="Oldest unpatrolled edit", width=24, font=fontb, justify=LEFT, anchor=W) oldtoplabel.pack(side=TOP, fill=X)

for lab in [ 'Title', 'User', 'Summary' ]: oldframes[lab] = Frame(ebox) oldframes[lab].pack(side=TOP) oldlabels[lab] = Label(oldframes[lab], text=lab+':', width=15, font=font, justify=LEFT, anchor=NW) oldlabels[lab].pack(side=LEFT) oldboxes[lab] = Label(oldframes[lab], text='', width=48, font=font, justify=LEFT, anchor=W, bg='#fff', relief=RIDGE) oldboxes[lab].pack(side=RIGHT) oldlabels['Summary'].config(text='Summary:\n\n\n') # (hack ;-) oldboxes['Summary'].config(height = 4) oldboxes['Summary'].config(wraplength = oldboxes['Summary'].winfo_reqwidth - 8)

root.after(200, tkmess) root.after(200, get_next_oldpage)

rct.start plt.start prt.start pat.start rkt.start root.mainloop

if __name__ == "__main__": try: main finally: wikipedia.stopme

title: User:Robert Ullmann/Rat Patrol


text:
αγγελτήριο

Etymology
From ἀγγελτήρ (from ἄγγελος) + -ιο.

Noun

 * 1) a printed announcement of a marriage or death (the latter usually posted on electricity poles)

title: αγγελτήριο


text:
julsång

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) Christmas carol

title: julsång


text:
bokhylla

Noun

 * 1) a bookcase, a shelf, a bookshelf

title: bokhylla


text:
julgran

Etymology
From, used since 1844.

Noun

 * 1) Christmas tree

title: julgran


text:
pine tree

Etymology
From, , , , , from , also as , equivalent to 🇰🇲. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) Any coniferous tree in the

title: pine tree


text:
效尤

Etymology
《左傳·僖公二十四年》:

Verb

 * 1)  to mimic the wrongdoing of others; to follow and do the wrong thing; to follow a bad example

title: 效尤


text: podcasters

title: podcasters


text:
User talk:Potse

{{subst:welcome} Robert Ullmann 13:21, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

Translations
We only use Translations sections for English words, to translate to other languages. For other languages, the English translation is (part of) the definition. see oho. Robert Ullmann 13:21, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Potse


text:
rotter

Noun

 * 1)  A despicable, worthless person; a scoundrel.

Alternative forms

 * roter

Verb

 * 1) to burp

title: rotter


text: rotters

title: rotters


text:
cream crackered

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  Knackered; tired, exhausted.
 * 2) * 2019, Hop (character), Pokémon Sword and Shield, Game Freak
 * Now, I'm cream-crackered! I'm for the Budew Drop Inn and some sleep.

Usage notes

 * This is often shortened to just cream.

Synonyms

 * ; See also Thesaurus:fatigued

title: cream crackered


text: 单词

title: 单词


text:
單詞

Noun

 * 1) word

title: 單詞


text:
agony box

Etymology
Suggesting that the sounds produced are painful to the listener.

Noun

 * 1)  A piano.
 * 2)  A phonograph.
 * 3)  A radio.

title: agony box


text:
albocracy

Noun

 * 1) Governance by white people, especially Europeans.

title: albocracy


text:
alevin

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) Newly hatched fish, especially salmon.

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * French:
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish:

Etymology
From, equivalent to ; allevare ("to raise up") took on the sense of "to raise (young)" in Vulgar Latin under the influence of. The -i- reflects the influence of.

Etymology
.

title: alevin


text:
beer and skittles

Etymology
Found as early as 1837, in Pickwick Papers by Charles Dickens, where it appears in the form, “It’s a reg’lar holiday to them—all porter and skittles”. The most common form, as a negative admonition, appears to have been popularized by Thomas Hughes in Tom Brown's School Days (1857, see quotation below).

Noun

 * 1)   times; pleasure and leisure.

Usage notes

 * Often used in the negative, "not all beer and skittles".

Translations

 * Catalan: flors i violes
 * Dutch: rozengeur en maneschijn
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Icelandic: jólin
 * Spanish: no todo el monte es orégano
 * Swedish: dans på rosor

title: beer and skittles


text:
oxymóron

Noun

 * 1) oxymoron figure of speech

title: oxymóron


text:
příklad

Noun

 * 1) example

title: příklad


text: alevins

title: alevins


text:
back vowel

Noun

 * 1)  Any vowel sound produced in the back of the mouth, such as /uː/ in rule or /əʊ/ in pole.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: bagtungevokal
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:, hinterer Vokal
 * Greek: πίσω φωνήεν
 * Hungarian: mély hangrendű, hátul képzett, veláris, or rarely hátsó nyelvállású magánhangzó
 * Japanese: 後舌母音
 * Korean:
 * Polish: samogłoska tylna
 * Portuguese: vogal posterior
 * Russian: гла́сный за́днего ря́да
 * Spanish: vocal posterior
 * Swedish: bakre vokal
 * Tamil: பின்னுயிர்
 * Turkish:, , art ünlü, art sesli

title: back vowel


text:
arktisch

Etymology
, from.

Adjective

 * 1)  Arctic

title: arktisch


text:
Intrige

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) intrigue, plot

title: Intrige


text:
intrigieren

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to intrigue, to plot

title: intrigieren


text:
damigella

Etymology
, from. .

Noun

 * 1) damsel
 * 2) mistress title

title: damigella


text:
intrigant

Noun

 * 1) An intriguer.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) an intriguer, a scheming individual

Etymology
Adjectivalised form of, the present participle of.

Adjective

 * 1) devious, scheming
 * 2) bizarre, odd

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) scheming

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) intriguer

title: intrigant


text:
Intrigant

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) schemer

title: Intrigant


text:
decedere

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to die

title: decedere


text: decedendo

title: decedendo


text: decedente

title: decedente


text:
deceduto

Adjective

 * 1) deceased

title: deceduto


text: deceduti

title: deceduti


text: deceduta

title: deceduta


text: decedute

title: decedute


text:
decedo

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to withdraw, retire, depart, leave or go away
 * 2) to desert or abandon, give up, resign, forego; yield
 * 3) to yield, make way, step aside
 * 4) to die
 * 5) to subside
 * 6) to disappear
 * 1) to die
 * 2) to subside
 * 3) to disappear
 * 1) to disappear

title: decedo


text: decedi

title: decedi


text:
decede

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  To withdraw.

title: decede


text: decediamo

title: decediamo


text: decedete

title: decedete


text: decedono

title: decedono


text: decedevo

title: decedevo


text: decedevi

title: decedevi


text: decedeva

title: decedeva


text: decedevamo

title: decedevamo


text: decedevate

title: decedevate


text: decedevano

title: decedevano


text: decedei

title: decedei


text: decedesti

title: decedesti


text:
decedé

Adjective

 * 1) dead; deceased

title: decedé


text: decedette

title: decedette


text: decedemmo

title: decedemmo


text: decedeste

title: decedeste


text: decederono

title: decederono


text: decedettero

title: decedettero


text: decederò

title: decederò


text: decederai

title: decederai


text: decederà

title: decederà


text: decederemo

title: decederemo


text: decederete

title: decederete


text: decederanno

title: decederanno


text: decederei

title: decederei


text: decederesti

title: decederesti


text: decederebbe

title: decederebbe


text: decederemmo

title: decederemmo


text: decedereste

title: decedereste


text: decederebbero

title: decederebbero


text:
deliberatamente

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) deliberately

title: deliberatamente


text:
deceda

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1) to die, pass away, decease

title: deceda


text: decediate

title: decediate


text: decedano

title: decedano


text: decedessi

title: decedessi


text: decedesse

title: decedesse


text: decedessimo

title: decedessimo


text: decedessero

title: decedessero


text:
poor power

Noun

 * 1)  Limited ability.

title: poor power


text:
destriero

Noun

 * 1) steed
 * 2) warhorse, charger

title: destriero


text:
bedarken

Verb

 * 1) To make dim, or to darken, or obscure.

title: bedarken


text:
difettoso

Etymology
From ; Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) defective, faulty, imperfect

title: difettoso


text:
sandbur

Noun

 * 1) Any of several grasses, of the genus, found in the south-eastern United States, that has a spiny burr

title: sandbur


text:
diffidare

Etymology
, reshaped according to the native Italian.

Verb

 * 1)  to distrust, or be suspicious
 * 2)  to warn, to caution

title: diffidare


text: diffidando

title: diffidando


text: diffidante

title: diffidante


text:
diffidato

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) that has received a notice or warning

Noun

 * 1) one who has received a notice or warning

title: diffidato


text: diffidati

title: diffidati


text: diffidata

title: diffidata


text:
diffido

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to distrust, be diffident, be distrustful (coupled with dative of the thing or person subjected)
 * 2) to despair (of)
 * 1) to despair (of)
 * 1) to despair (of)

Usage notes
Used with the dative.

title: diffido


text: diffidi

title: diffidi


text: diffidiamo

title: diffidiamo


text: diffidate

title: diffidate


text: diffidano

title: diffidano


text: diffidavo

title: diffidavo


text: diffidavi

title: diffidavi


text: diffidava

title: diffidava


text: diffidavamo

title: diffidavamo


text: diffidavate

title: diffidavate


text: diffidavano

title: diffidavano


text: diffidai

title: diffidai


text: diffidasti

title: diffidasti


text: diffidò

title: diffidò


text: diffidammo

title: diffidammo


text: diffidaste

title: diffidaste


text: diffidarono

title: diffidarono


text: diffiderò

title: diffiderò


text: diffiderai

title: diffiderai


text: diffiderà

title: diffiderà


text: diffideremo

title: diffideremo


text: diffiderete

title: diffiderete


text: diffideranno

title: diffideranno


text: diffiderei

title: diffiderei


text: diffideresti

title: diffideresti


text: diffiderebbe

title: diffiderebbe


text: diffideremmo

title: diffideremmo


text: diffidereste

title: diffidereste


text: diffiderebbero

title: diffiderebbero


text: diffidiate

title: diffidiate


text: diffidino

title: diffidino


text: diffidassi

title: diffidassi


text: diffidasse

title: diffidasse


text: diffidassimo

title: diffidassimo


text: diffidassero

title: diffidassero


text: sandburs

title: sandburs


text:
Appendix talk:Spanish verbs

Is the conditional really a separate mood?
Wonderful page that's been put up. I was interested however by the inclusion of the 'conditional' as a seperate mood (along with the 'indicative', 'subjunctive', and 'imperative'). I had always know the conditional as part of the indicative. The RAE (the official Spanish dictionary) classifies spanish verbs that way (e.g. saltar) as well as Spanish Wiktionary reference page on verb conjugation. Any reason this page classifies the conditional seperately?--Bequw 15:26, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Technically speaking, the conditional really is a separate mood from the indicative, since it connotes that that speaker does not view the clause as specifically in sync with reality. It does seem important to be consistent with the RAE, though, so does anyone know why they consider it part of the indicative?  Rod (A. Smith) 16:28, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Well, every tense of the indicative has a modal use as well; for example, the future indicative can be used to indicate probabilistic-certainty (for example, *doorbell rings* "Oh, that must be John at the door", would be translated using Spanish's future indicative). In Spanish, as in English, the conditional paradigm has a strictly temporal use, like in something like "ayer ya sabíamos que hoy llovería" ("yesterday we already knew that today it would rain"), so it makes some sense to treat it as a tense of the indicative with an additional modal use, and reserve the term "mood" for those paradigms that only have modal uses. (This isn't to say that Wiktionary's approach doesn't make sense — if we're going to call it the "conditional", which is a description of its modal use, then it does make some sense to view it as primarily modal, and anyway the modal use is probably much more common — only that I see it both ways.) —Ruakh TALK 17:07, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Hm...I thought the personal-moods were Indicative, Subjunctive and Imperative. I'm not really that familiar with Spanish, but that's always the way I've seen it with Romance languages, with conditional being under Indicative. I think there's also a Subjunctive conditional in some of them, isn't there? Or maybe I'm thinking of something else. — [ ric | opiaterein ] — 18:43, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

 * I don't know if this is what you're referring to, but in French the imperfect subjunctive (a very rare paradigm) has historically been used as a German-style conditional (i.e. with both protasis and apodosis being in the imperfect subjunctive, or more commonly — but still quite rarely — the pluperfect subjunctive). —Ruakh TALK 19:01, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

 * It might be interesting to note how es.wikt deals with the issue, as at querer. Interestingly, they classify the forms as three moods: indicative (including conditional), subjunctive, and imperative. This accords with my experience in Spanish language references (in English and Spanish) and seems to be how it is taught in schools, too. In fact I wasn't aware that the conditional could be grammatically considered a mood, until recently. Dmcdevit·t 07:32, 2 November 2007 (UTC)

 * We could maybe mention that modern linguistics categorize the conditional as a seperate mood (see Grammatical mood), but then use, throughout the article, the 'classical' categorization with it included in the indicative.--Bequw 20:36, 4 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Support. Rod (A. Smith) 20:39, 4 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Done. --Bequw 22:27, 25 November 2007 (UTC)

Using English terms instead of Spanish terms
A quick remark on style. This page consistently uses the Spanish name for concepts with the English term in parenthesis (except in the 'Non-Finite Forms' section). As an English language reference of Spanish shouldn't it be the other way around? For example, shouldn't "presente (present)" be replaced with "present (presente)"? I'm not saying we should get rid of the Spanish terms completely, just note them after the English term. --Bequw 15:36, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Yes, you're quite right. Feel free to make that change.  Rod (A. Smith) 16:29, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

Where are the rest of the three tables?
At the end of the article, it says to refer to one of the three conjugation tables for -ar, -ir, and -er conjugation. But there is only one table. What happened? --Jenglish02 01:35, 18 March 2008 (UTC)

Accent
The article claims that, "If the unsuffixed verb is written with an accent, it remains written when suffixed." However, this is no longer true (take into account vos verb forms, "callá" becomes "callate"), the RAE recently changed that.

 * You are correct. This rule was changed by the RAE in a recent spelling reform, in the 1990’s. —Stephen 06:32, 20 March 2010 (UTC)

A few issues

 * 1) Etymological active present participles—now considered adjectives derived from the verb, because this is no longer a regular feature of the grammar—are certainly not rare, but I doubt there's any basis to claim most verbs have one, as this appendix currently does. In a quick reading of a random Spanish-language text, like this Wikipedia article, we run into these verbs:
 * ❦ encadenar — Encadenante souds very strange (unlike desencadenante, something which triggers or "unleashes" an event); it's not accepted by the RAE. Probably never used, unless caused by a slip of the tongue, or perhaps in some obscure technical jargon or as an ad hoc invention in a very particular context.
 * ❦ inspirar — Inspirante is no less bizarre, and the RAE doesn't accept it, either. I think it's even less likely to be used than the previous one. There's probably been no need for it so far, since its prospective meaning is covered by inspirador.
 * ❦ ser — We have ente (a being; something which exists, be it in a physical or conceptual sense), but, as a learnèd word borrowed directly from the Classical Latin inflection of esse, it bears so little resemblance to the modern form of the verb, ser, that it's doubtful that a grammatical connection is made between ser and ente by modern speakers. One would quite surely never guess they're related from knowledge of current Spanish alone, without learning their etymology. The lack of an adjective derived from the native Spanish verb can be due to its rôle being filled by existente. As a noun, the infinitive ser itself is used: un ser humano, "a human being".
 * ❦ extender — Extendiente sounds completely alien, and the RAE doesn't accept it, either. We could try extendente with no better luck. The latter would have to be borrowed directly from Latin, too, and not evolved with the Romance lexicon, in order to keep the stressed e from becoming a diphthong.
 * ❦ variar — The first true example we find, though arguably not a very good one: variante is quite rare as an adjective; it's primarily used as a noun with a considerable divergence from the regular meaning one would infer: it's not something which varies, but a different way of doing something or an alternative kind of some living being, object or idea.
 * ❦ describir — Describiente is alien to the language. The RAE doesn't accept it. Descriptivo is the closest thing in use I can recall, alternating with unrelated words like representativo or revelador depending on the precise meaning or the context.
 * ❦ distinguir — Distinguiente is another construct with no real use or need, since we have distintivo and, depending on context, words like discriminante for precision. The RAE doesn't accept it, either.
 * We could keep making this list longer and longer, but I think it's pretty clear the verbs with a functional and clearly recognizable active present participle (amante, paseante, viviente, caminante, cantante) would always be a small minority among all the verbs we'd find. I'd change the article to state only that some verbs have such a participle.
 * 1) When and where can the use of usted or its plural connote an intimate relationship? This is precisely what tú (and its plural vosotros in dialects which don't use always ustedes) or vos (in voseo areas) are used for when contrasted with usted(es).
 * 2) I don't know how to describe it in correct grammar terms, but the given forms of the imperative mood for first person plural and the third person in both grammatical numbers are not usually considered as such. They're of course used with an imperative or exhortative meaning, but this is just another use of the same present subjunctive forms; they're not forms coïncident by chance with the present subjunctive, as one could think the article implies, but are the same verb inflections, exactly like the future indicative form será is the same form whether it's used to mean "it will be" or "I think it probably is". I think this section should be reworded in terms more like those chosen to explain negative orders: "For negative commands, the subjunctive is used instead" (emphasis mine), admitting it is the very subjunctive inflections which are used.
 * 3) I think this appendix vastly overstates how little the traditional second-person plural imperative is used in daily speech. I've summed it up here, as that Wikipedia article does the same.
 * 4) I don't think participles can ever take unstressed (i.e. accusative or dative without preposition) object pronouns.
 * 5) I don't know whether this is the proper place to discuss this point, but I think usted, semantically second-person, is a horrible choice as the sole placeholder pronoun for the third person singular in conjugation templates like this one. If only one can be allowed, this should be él (the masculine being the unmarked grammatical gender in Spanish), or ella if you want, since both of them are always used with a third-person meaning and third-person inflections, don't depend on the way the speaker addresses the listener and have been part of the language pretty much since it came into being as something other than Latin, quite unlike usted, whose appearance is much later and more contrived, replacing the old polite use of the (formerly recognized as) plural vos as vuestra merced, and that's why it doesn't fit so neatly in the paradigm of grammatical persons. The same goes for ustedes as the placeholder for the third person plural instead of the standard ellos (or ellas at most). I know it has already been discussed here, but that page is only one of the many templates affected, and the issue doesn't seem to have gone anywhere. Splibubay 19:10, 18 June 2010 (UTC)
 * Without usage statistics I've changed it to the safer "Some".
 * Agreed. It was added by an IP. I've removed that clause.
 * The answer to this would probably require knowledge of how the imperative conjugations came down from Latin. I don't know.
 * Where do you see the appendix stating the frequency of usage of that form?
 * Agreed, removed.
 * I agree. Maybe we should do away with showing Spanish pronouns altogether (as the English Wiktionary we strive to explain things in English), and instead use the existing superior row to say something to the effect of "2nd informal" - "2nd formal & 3rd".
 * --Bequw → τ 01:46, 22 June 2010 (UTC)
 * The answer to this would probably require knowledge of how the imperative conjugations came down from Latin. I don't know.
 * Where do you see the appendix stating the frequency of usage of that form?
 * Agreed, removed.
 * I agree. Maybe we should do away with showing Spanish pronouns altogether (as the English Wiktionary we strive to explain things in English), and instead use the existing superior row to say something to the effect of "2nd informal" - "2nd formal & 3rd".
 * --Bequw → τ 01:46, 22 June 2010 (UTC)

Use of usted?
"The use of usted and ustedes is very common in Spanish and is the equivalent of speaking on a lastname basis in English."

I thought that in Spain, as opposed to in Latin America, usted was used very rarely, like only for addressing the elderly and important officials.

Subjunctive -ra and -se forms
Can someone please explain here what these forms are? There were links to the pages for -ra and -se but they don't have Spanish sections so those links didn't help at all. AstroMark (talk) 22:12, 13 October 2014 (UTC)

 * The -ra forms and -se forms are interchangeable. At the present time, the -ra forms are much more common than the -se forms. There is no difference in meaning, and you can use whichever you like. —Stephen (Talk) 03:56, 14 October 2014 (UTC)

title: Appendix talk:Spanish verbs


text: burdocks

title: burdocks


text:
Talk:autopilots

I don't think this actually exists as a word. If it does, then the context and usage needs to be specified. For example, if 'autopilot' is being used as an adjective eg 'the plane was flying on autopilot' it makes autopilots a nonsensical word.

Autopilot does not exist as an object/noun in itself; rather it is a feature of one such as planes, people (slang) etc.

Therefore 'autopilots' is an incorrect entry and this page should be deleted.

Tosh - do a Google book search - you will find sentences such as "These first autopilots were of a completely mechanical construction and supplied a corrector signal to the rudder which was proportional to the heading . . ." SemperBlotto 15:35, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:autopilots


text:
dilatazione

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) dilation
 * 2) expansion

title: dilatazione


text:
User:Tivedshambo/standard.css

/* Removes fundraiser banners */
 * 1) mpbanner { display: none; }
 * 2) fundraising { display:none; }
 * 3) pabanner { display:none; }

/* Removes all site notices */
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/* Remove to-me-useless notes in all edit boxes. leaves only the command buttons and special chars. */
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 * 3) editpage-copywarn2 { display: none; }

 * 1) watchlist-message { display: none; }

title: User:Tivedshambo/standard.css


text:
diligenza

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) diligence
 * 2) stagecoach, diligence

title: diligenza


text:
palkkasotilas

Noun

 * 1) mercenary

Synonyms

 * (poetic)

title: palkkasotilas


text: dinnanzi

title: dinnanzi


text: mojarse

title: mojarse


text: bedarkens

title: bedarkens


text: bedarkening

title: bedarkening


text: direttrice

title: direttrice


text:
bedarkened

Adjective

 * 1) Dim, dark, or obscure
 * I walked into the bedarkened hallway and tripped over something.

title: bedarkened


text:
discepolo

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) disciple
 * 2) follower
 * 3) pupil

title: discepolo


text:
discorsetto

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) a reproach or telling-off (often used ironically)

title: discorsetto