text:
Template talk:Hebr

test

 * 1) ייִדיש לעבט

SBL Hebrew
Can we put SBL Hebrew at the top of the list, above David which is currently there? SBL Hebrew is extremely niqqud-friendly and elegantly combines extended cantillation marks. David has always seemed limited in scope to secular phonetic use, with only basic niqqud. SBL Hebrew also seems to hint much better at small point sizes. - Gilgamesh 00:06, 3 February 2008 (UTC)

 * Sure. What's the exact font name? "SBL Hebrew"? —Ruakh TALK 04:03, 4 February 2008 (UTC)

 * Yes, precisely. Also, I was thinking...it could be 125% base font size, like the same template on Wikipedia. - Gilgamesh 05:24, 4 February 2008 (UTC)

 * I'm hesitant to mess with the font size again; a while back, I would occasionally raise it, and another editor would occasionally lower it. We seem to have found a size we can both leave be, and I don't want to touch that. ;-) —Ruakh TALK 00:17, 5 February 2008 (UTC)

 * Alright, Rūaḥ. Can we update Template:Hebr to have SBL Hebrew at the top, now? :3 - Gilgamesh 05:51, 5 February 2008 (UTC)

 * Done. —Ruakh TALK 23:51, 5 February 2008 (UTC)

Merge from hebrew and yi-Hebr
It's been proposed to merge and  into this one, since the three are nearly identical. Please comment at Grease pit. —Michael Z. 2008-11-25 16:02 z

 * Done. —Michael Z. 2008-11-26 05:22 z

פסח [and Hebrew articles in general]
The niqqud in the inflection line and the user examples (i.e., practically everywhere in the article) show up in exploded view, i.e. to the left of the letter it is modifying, instead of under it. Is there a way that I could view the niqqud in unexploded form? AugPi 16:59, 16 June 2010 (UTC)
 * I have no idea what could have caused this. I see no recent change to [[פסח]] or [[mediawiki:Common.css]] or [[template:Hebr]] that could be responsible. Perhaps someone else knows. —msh210℠ 17:10, 16 June 2010 (UTC)

And this goes for Hebrew articles in general: to me, Hebrew script showing the niqqud in exploded view doesn't look good at all: I much prefer seeing the niqqud where it's supposed to be. AugPi 17:07, 16 June 2010 (UTC)
 * What goes for Hebrew in general: merely that "exploded" vowelization doesn't look good, or also that you see the pages that way? (I agree that no one should see "exploded" vowelization.) —msh210℠ 17:10, 16 June 2010 (UTC)
 * So it's only me who is seeing this? I use Safari 4.0.3 on a MacBook...   AugPi 17:13, 16 June 2010 (UTC)
 * Do you see the same problem on other Hebr pages? —msh210℠ 17:39, 16 June 2010 (UTC)
 * Yes, all Hebrew pages on en.wikt, and even Niqqud on Wikipedia. Switching to Firefox doesn't help either.  However, when I tried using the PC, the niqqud showed up correctly (i.e. "unexploded").  One way I can get the niqqud to collapse is to copy, say, a user example, then paste it onto TextEdit, then click on the Format menu, then click on "Make Plain Text," and that causes the niqqud to collapse to their correct places (under the letters).  Then if I click on the Format menu and click on "Make Rich Text," the niqqud remain in their correct places, and when I copy a line of "unexploded" Hebrew text from TextEdit to here (en.wikt edit window):

 * רָאָה אֶת הַדָּם עַל הַמַּשְׁקוֹף וְעַל שְׁתֵּי הַמְּזוּזֹת וּפָסַח יהוה עַל הַפֶּתַח וְלֹא יִתֵּן הַמַּשְׁחִית לָבֹא אֶל בָּתֵּיכֶם לִנְגֹּף:

 * the niqqud shows up correctly, and when I click on "Show preview," the niqqud is still showing up correctly. Maybe this is something that I should bring up on the Grease Pit or maybe even consult with the Genius Bar at a Mac store...   AugPi 18:16, 16 June 2010 (UTC)
 * It's been this way for a while, and it never occurred to me to ask until now: so I don't think it would be caused by any recent change to, say, mediawiki:Common.css.  AugPi 18:19, 16 June 2010 (UTC)
 * For a while now in Firefox on this Linux machine I've seen the vowels shifted leftward, so each appears to be (roughly) on the letter after the one it's on. Perhaps Common.css needs a beter choice of font. I've been ignoring the problem. —msh210℠ 18:22, 16 June 2010 (UTC)
 * I have just tried viewing http://he.wiktionary.org/wiki/פסח from Safari (on my MacBook) and the niqqud in that article showed up correctly.  AugPi 18:37, 16 June 2010 (UTC)
 * So I looked at http://he.wiktionary.org/wiki/מדיה_ויקי:Common.css and saw that it did not mention any Hebrew font, so I tried removing mention of Hebrew fonts on en.wikt's mediawiki:Common.css, and after I refreshed, the niqqud in the פסח article had collapsed to their correct places.  AugPi 18:47, 16 June 2010 (UTC)
 * Here too! Well, that improves things for you and me, apparently. Perhaps post a question in the GP (with a pointer to it from Wiktionary talk:About Hebrew) whether it worsens things for anyone, or what else can be done. (I think Conrad has said that the font definitions are needed only for IE users, so it may be wise to check in IE whether your edit to Common ruined things.) —msh210℠ 18:50, 16 June 2010 (UTC)
 * I tried refreshing (Shift+reload) the פסח page on IE, and the Hebrew font seemed to change somewhat (though the niqqud remained in their correct places [the font changed from serif to sans-serif  AugPi 19:32, 16 June 2010 (UTC)  ]).  However, when I switched to the Hebrew version of that article, i.e. פסח, I saw that it has the same font to which IE switched after the refresh.  This makes sense because, as I mentioned above, he.wikt's he:mediawiki:Common.css doesn't specify a Hebrew font. [if he.wikt can get away with it, then en.wikt probably can too]   AugPi 19:04, 16 June 2010 (UTC)

title: Template talk:Hebr


text: linkering

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: linkering


text: linkered

title: linkered


text:
Talk:aficionado

Neither correct nor hypercorrect
There's nothing correct, or hypercorrect, about "aficionadi." That would be an Italian pluralization on a Spanish word, wouldn't it? Mock those who say "aficionadi."

 * Indeed it would be, and that is why it’s hypercorrect. See hypercorrection. † ﴾(u):Raifʻhār (t):Doremítzwr﴿ 23:11, 15 October 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:aficionado


text:
adenylate

Noun

 * 1)  The dissociated anion present in adenylic acid; adenosine monophosphate.

Verb

 * 1)  To carry out or induce an adenylation reaction.

title: adenylate


text:
processivity

Noun

 * 1)  A measure of the average number of nucleotides added by a DNA polymerase enzyme per association/disassociation with the template.

title: processivity


text: processivities

title: processivities


text:
gemito

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) groan, moan

title: gemito


text:
geniale

Etymology
From, from +.

Adjective

 * 1)  genius
 * 2) brilliant, inspired

title: geniale


text:
gentilezza

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) kindness, courtesy
 * 2) delicacy, grace

title: gentilezza


text:
gentilmente

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) kindly, courteously
 * 2) finely, delicately
 * 3) gently

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) gently in a gentle manner

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) kindly

title: gentilmente


text:
giubbotto

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) jacket
 * 2) jerkin

title: giubbotto


text:
giustificare

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1)  to justify
 * 2)  to account for

title: giustificare


text: giustificando

title: giustificando


text: giustificante

title: giustificante


text: giustifico

title: giustifico


text: giustifichi

title: giustifichi


text: giustifica

title: giustifica


text: giustifichiamo

title: giustifichiamo


text: giustificano

title: giustificano


text: giustificavo

title: giustificavo


text: giustificavi

title: giustificavi


text: giustificava

title: giustificava


text: giustificavamo

title: giustificavamo


text: giustificavate

title: giustificavate


text: giustificavano

title: giustificavano


text: giustificai

title: giustificai


text:
giustificazione

Etymology
, from, from.

Noun

 * 1) justification, explanation
 * 2) proof

title: giustificazione


text: giustificasti

title: giustificasti


text: giustificò

title: giustificò


text: giustificammo

title: giustificammo


text: giustificaste

title: giustificaste


text: giustificarono

title: giustificarono


text: giustificherò

title: giustificherò


text: giustificherai

title: giustificherai


text: giustificherà

title: giustificherà


text: giustificheremo

title: giustificheremo


text: giustificherete

title: giustificherete


text: giustificheranno

title: giustificheranno


text: giustificherei

title: giustificherei


text: giustificheresti

title: giustificheresti


text: giustificherebbe

title: giustificherebbe


text: giustificheremmo

title: giustificheremmo


text: giustifichereste

title: giustifichereste


text: giustificherebbero

title: giustificherebbero


text: giustifichiate

title: giustifichiate


text: giustifichino

title: giustifichino


text: giustificassi

title: giustificassi


text: giustificasse

title: giustificasse


text: giustificassimo

title: giustificassimo


text: giustificassero

title: giustificassero


text: gocce

title: gocce


text:
goccio

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) drop, spot, dash (small amount of liquid)

title: goccio


text:
granché

Etymology
.

Pronoun

 * 1)  nothing notable, or particularly interesting; not much

Noun

 * 1)  nothing notable, or particularly interesting

Adverb

 * 1)  not that much, not very much; not really

title: granché


text:
здравствуйте

Interjection

 * 1)  hello

title: здравствуйте


text:
здравствуй

Etymology 1
From imperative form of, from adjective borrowed from , from  of unclear origin.

Interjection

 * 1)  hello

title: здравствуй


text: graziosa

title: graziosa


text: graziosi

title: graziosi


text: graziose

title: graziose


text: gridando

title: gridando


text: gridante

title: gridante


text: gridato

title: gridato


text: gridati

title: gridati


text: gridata

title: gridata


text: gridiamo

title: gridiamo


text: gridate

title: gridate


text: gridano

title: gridano


text: gridavo

title: gridavo


text: gridavi

title: gridavi


text: gridava

title: gridava


text: gridavamo

title: gridavamo


text: gridavate

title: gridavate


text: gridavano

title: gridavano


text: gridai

title: gridai


text:
grilletto

Etymology
Diminutive of, by simile.

Noun

 * 1) trigger
 * 2)  clitoris

title: grilletto


text: gridasti

title: gridasti


text: gridò

title: gridò


text: gridammo

title: gridammo


text: gridaste

title: gridaste


text: gridarono

title: gridarono


text: griderò

title: griderò


text: griderai

title: griderai


text: griderà

title: griderà


text: grideremo

title: grideremo


text: griderete

title: griderete


text: grideranno

title: grideranno


text: griderei

title: griderei


text: grideresti

title: grideresti


text:
grotta

Noun

 * 1) grotto artificial cave

Etymology
~, from, borrowed from. , which Italian borrowed from Latin. Found in the toponym. Compare 🇨🇬, the probable source of 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) cave
 * 2) grotto

Noun

 * 1) a cave (large, naturally occurring cavity formed underground)

Verb

 * 1)  to immerse oneself (in), to get deeply into (some activity, study, or the like)

title: grotta


text: griderebbe

title: griderebbe


text: grideremmo

title: grideremmo


text: gridereste

title: gridereste


text: gemiti

title: gemiti


text: gentilezze

title: gentilezze


text: giubbotti

title: giubbotti


text: giustificazioni

title: giustificazioni


text: gocci

title: gocci


text: grilletti

title: grilletti


text:
grotte

Etymology
, from, , from.

Noun

 * 1) grotto

Etymology
, from. .

Noun

 * 1) cave

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) cave

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) cave

title: grotte


text: geniali

title: geniali


text: boxrooms

title: boxrooms


text: griderebbero

title: griderebbero


text: gridiate

title: gridiate


text: gridino

title: gridino


text: gridassi

title: gridassi


text: gridasse

title: gridasse


text: gridassimo

title: gridassimo


text: gridassero

title: gridassero


text:
guardarsi

Verb

 * 1) to look at oneself
 * 2) to beware

title: guardarsi


text: guardarmi

title: guardarmi


text: guardarti

title: guardarti


text: guardarci

title: guardarci


text: guardarvi

title: guardarvi


text: guardandosi

title: guardandosi


text: guardandomi

title: guardandomi


text: guardandoti

title: guardandoti


text: guardandoci

title: guardandoci


text: guardandovi

title: guardandovi


text: guardiamoci

title: guardiamoci


text: guardatevi

title: guardatevi


text:
reorient

Verb

 * 1)  To orient again; to make or become oriented after dislocation or disorientation.

Adjective

 * 1)  Arising again.

title: reorient


text:
eunuchry

Noun

 * 1) The state of being a eunuch.

Translations

 * German: Eunuchsein
 * Turkish:

title: eunuchry


text: reorients

title: reorients


text: reorienting

title: reorienting


text: reoriented

title: reoriented


text: rozená

title: rozená


text: mainosta

title: mainosta


text: maksullista

title: maksullista


text: mallasta

title: mallasta


text: marjasta

title: marjasta


text: matemaattista

title: matemaattista


text: materiaalista

title: materiaalista


text: matkusta

title: matkusta


text: mehusta

title: mehusta


text:
îmbunătățire

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) improvement

title: îmbunătățire


text: mekaanista

title: mekaanista


text: mekasta

title: mekasta


text: mellasta

title: mellasta


text: metsästä

title: metsästä


text: miinusta

title: miinusta


text:
modernista

Noun

 * 1) A modernist, especially a militantly devoted supporter of modernism

Adjective

 * 1) modernist

Noun

 * 1) modernist

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) modernist

Noun

 * 1) modernist

Adjective

 * 1) modernist

Noun

 * 1) modernist

title: modernista


text: monimutkaista

title: monimutkaista


text: moninaista

title: moninaista


text:
îmbunătăți

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to improve
 * 2)  to improve oneself

title: îmbunătăți


text: monipuolista

title: monipuolista


text:
monista

Noun

 * 1) monist

Noun

 * 1) monist advocate of monism

title: monista


text:
Talk:long goodbye

RFV discussion
References and citations all say that the disease may be referred to as the "long goodbye". Can we find any text that actually uses it? Equinox ◑ 23:25, 10 May 2009 (UTC)

 * I added one more quotation which provides a use, not a mention, of the term. But only to humour you.  This defn was already adequately substantiated. (BTW, the title of the article given in the Wisconsin Healthlink reference also uses the term in my opinion).   -- WikiPedant 05:34, 11 May 2009 (UTC)

 * How is it substantiated? Texts that say "'the long goodbye' means this" are not evidence. Equinox ◑ 23:18, 14 May 2009 (UTC)

 * By authority. Academic journals and medical school links are authoritative with respect to this term. -- WikiPedant 03:37, 15 May 2009 (UTC)

 * I don't think we usually accept words only on the grounds that an "authority" (however that would be defined) says they are words. Need to meet WT:CFI as with anything else. Equinox ◑ 13:59, 16 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Attestation, not authority, is the very foundation of lexicography. We accept authority for non-English terms. We are influenced by those authorities who take attestation seriously (the "serious" dictionaries, OED, MW, AHD, RH, Longmans, Cambridge, Macquarie, etc.). It would definitely be preferred that the quotations not surround the headword with quotes or otherwise mark it as not an ordinary part of the language of the writer/speaker and reader/listener. It might be attestable. DCDuring TALK 15:47, 16 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Attestation and authority are different albeit related concepts. Attestation of a term pertains to the function performed by the quotation (whether it uses or mentions the term).  Authority pertains to the source of the quotation.  Each attestation carries with it its own degree of authority.  Attestations sourced from literary classics or refereed academic journals are rightly recognized at WT:CFI as having greater authority (since only 1 such attestation is needed to satisfy CFI).  Like you, DC, I prefer to avoid quotations in which the definiendum is set off in quotation marks, but I'll settle for them as long as it is clear that this is not a one-off coinage by the author. -- WikiPedant 06:55, 17 May 2009 (UTC)

 * The straight uses (not mentions) that I find come up in many contexts and always refer to an extended departure. One amusing quote is about it most literally. Others are about extended departures from the public view. The Alzheimer's sense is included in that sense. I am not at all sure that any sense really is idiomatic as opposed to simply an SoP metaphor or figurative use. I also not that is much more common in attention-grabbing titles than in ordinary text. DCDuring TALK 16:47, 16 May 2009 (UTC)

 * The specific nickname "long goodbye" for Alzheimer's is widely used in North America by health professionals. I've heard it used this way for many years.  I honestly believe it qualifies as a distinct sense.  Since you still have doubts, DC, I shall look for more quotations. -- WikiPedant 06:55, 17 May 2009 (UTC)

I have now added 3 more quotations (all uses, not mentions) and expanded the defn and the etymology. -- WikiPedant 22:56, 19 May 2009 (UTC)

 * This b.g.c. search produces many hits for "cancer" as affording a long goodbye. It just seems like a nice turn of phrase for the situation generated by many diseases of aging or indeed any debilitating disease without institutionalization. DCDuring TALK 00:23, 20 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Yes, DC, I saw a few in this vein when I was rummaging around. I see the Alzheimer's sense as a separate, established sense (which has its own wrinkle of meaning since it involves progressive loss of the ability to recognize and communicate with friends and family), but think a 2nd, broader sense is probably attestable with respect to any lengthy, degenerative disease (or even process) which is ultimately fatal. -- WikiPedant 03:53, 20 May 2009 (UTC)

The current 57-word definition is clearly not supported with the quotes given. There are not enough quotes in existence to support the sense. It is not the name for a disease. It is a lovely turn of phrase that makes a great title for books, poems, plays, movies, essays, albums, songs, etc. It is not limited to the particular aspects of terminal Alzheimer's, being used relative to cancer. Moreover, it is used for all kinds of extended (ie, "long") leave-taking (ie, "good-byes"). We can hardly justify a separate definition for each application of the term, ie, to Alzheimer's, dementia, terminal cancer, terminal Lou Gehrig's disease (ALS), a protracted divorce, a long breakup, etc). Whether it is supportable at all as a dictionary entry is an open question. I think we need to harden our hearts and our heads and make a decision. DCDuring TALK 16:29, 14 November 2009 (UTC)

 * Our 2000 cite is not referring to Alzheimer's — at least, not specifically — and our 2006 cite is mention-only. So, we only have two valid cites. Anyone want to produce a third? (Note: I'm basically disregarding DCDuring's arguments, because they're not really arguments for RFV. In my opinion, the question here is whether "long goodbye" is attestable in reference to Alzheimer's; if we determine that it is, then we can discuss at RFD whether it's idiomatic.) I'll wait at least a week before marking this failed, in case anyone wants to try. —Ruakh TALK 19:05, 15 September 2010 (UTC)

RFV failed, entry moved redirectlessly to Talk:long goodbye for now. —Ruakh TALK 18:15, 27 September 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:long goodbye


text:
îmbunătățit

Etymology
Past participle of.

Adjective

 * 1) improved

title: îmbunătățit


text: morjensta

title: morjensta


text:
morjesta

Interjection

 * 1) hi, hello

title: morjesta


text: muikista

title: muikista


text: mullista

title: mullista


text: muodista

title: muodista


text: muodosta

title: muodosta


text: murrosta

title: murrosta


text: murusta

title: murusta


text:
neîmbunătățit

Etymology
From, past participle of.

Adjective

 * 1) unimproved

title: neîmbunătățit


text: mutkista

title: mutkista


text: mutrista

title: mutrista


text: mutusta

title: mutusta


text: mykistä

title: mykistä


text: myöstä

title: myöstä


text: mätästä

title: mätästä


text: natusta

title: natusta


text: naurunalaista

title: naurunalaista


text: nelinkertaista

title: nelinkertaista


text: nelistä

title: nelistä


text: neutraalista

title: neutraalista


text: nietosta

title: nietosta


text: nipistä

title: nipistä


text:
nitistä

Etymology 1
Onomatopoeic root.

Verb

 * 1)  to squeak

title: nitistä


text: norjista

title: norjista


text: normaalista

title: normaalista


text: notkista

title: notkista


text: numeerista

title: numeerista


text: nutista

title: nutista


text: nyrkistä

title: nyrkistä


text: nyrpistä

title: nyrpistä


text: näpistä

title: näpistä


text: närästä

title: närästä


text: oheista

title: oheista


text: ohjasta

title: ohjasta


text:
ephebus

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) a male Greek youth
 * 2) youth (aged about eighteen to twenty years)

title: ephebus


text: ohjeista

title: ohjeista


text: oksasta

title: oksasta


text: omavaraista

title: omavaraista


text: onnellista

title: onnellista


text: onnesta

title: onnesta


text: onnista

title: onnista


text: opasta

title: opasta


text: orasta

title: orasta


text:
User:Rothorpe

Students of English: Go to CZ for a complete set of articles on spelling and pronunciation.

>Wikipedia

IPA Hungarian
(from User:Panda10)

Symbols

pt:Usuário:Rothorpe

title: User:Rothorpe


text:
kilogramo

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) kilogram

Etymology
From, calqued from.

Noun

 * 1) kilogram

Etymology
From, calqued from.

Noun

 * 1) kilogram

Etymology
From, a calque of.

Noun

 * 1) kilogram

Etymology
, from, from +.

Noun

 * 1) kilogram

Usage notes

 * In everyday language, kilo is more commonly in use than kilogramo.

title: kilogramo


text:
perrito

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) doggy,
 * 2) puppy
 * 3) hot dog
 * 4)  clothes peg, clothespin
 * 5)  the

title: perrito


text:
césar

Noun

 * 1) Caesar

Noun

 * 1) Caesar Roman emperor

Noun

 * 1) caesar (roman emperor)

title: césar


text: clergies

title: clergies


text: jesses

title: jesses


text: muusta

title: muusta


text: muuhun

title: muuhun


text: muulle

title: muulle


text: muuna

title: muuna


text: muuksi

title: muuksi


text:
muutta

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to change
 * 2)  to inflect

title: muutta


text: offertories

title: offertories


text:
construido

Adjective

 * 1) constructed

title: construido


text: muihin

title: muihin


text: muille

title: muille


text:
byname

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  A secondary name for a person or thing; a person's surname.
 * 2)  A nickname.
 * 3)  A pseudonym; nom-de-plume.
 * 4)  A ritual title for a god or goddess used in Heathenry.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * Macedonian: пре́зиме
 * Ottoman Turkish: لقب
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:, ,

 * Bulgarian:
 * Danish: tilnavn
 * Finnish:
 * Macedonian: пре́кар
 * Ottoman Turkish: لقب
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish: ,

Verb

 * 1)  To assign a byname to.

title: byname


text: muina

title: muina


text: muiksi

title: muiksi


text:
muin

Etymology
From, , from , from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) moon
 * 2) lunar month; calendar month

Etymology 1
From, from , , from.

Noun

 * 1)  back animal's
 * 2) top

Usage notes

 * Usually used in the phrase ':

Etymology 2
From, possibly from , with phonological influence from.

Verb

 * 1)  teach, instruct, educate, rear
 * 2)  show, point out

title: muin


text: muitta

title: muitta


text: by-name

title: by-name


text:
muine

Noun

 * 1) thicket
 * 2) covert, cover

title: muine


text:
User talk:Oelpreis

One minor thing: Wiktionary is case sensitive. As such, I'm going to move the information you added from gedicht to Gedicht. Medellia 17:41, 15 October 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Oelpreis


text: shoelaces

title: shoelaces


text: propuesto

title: propuesto


text:
Gedicht

Etymology
From, from. See for more.

Noun

 * 1) poem

title: Gedicht


text: seizings

title: seizings


text:
lombriz

Etymology
, from Classical.

Noun

 * 1) worm

title: lombriz


text: jommastakummasta

title: jommastakummasta


text: jompaankumpaan

title: jompaankumpaan


text: jommallakummalla

title: jommallakummalla


text: jommaltakummalta

title: jommaltakummalta


text: jommallekummalle

title: jommallekummalle


text: jompanakumpana

title: jompanakumpana


text: jommaksikummaksi

title: jommaksikummaksi


text: jommattakummatta

title: jommattakummatta


text: jommatkummat

title: jommatkummat


text: jompiakumpia

title: jompiakumpia


text: jommissakummissa

title: jommissakummissa


text: jommistakummista

title: jommistakummista


text: jompiinkumpiin

title: jompiinkumpiin


text: jommillakummilla

title: jommillakummilla


text: jommiltakummilta

title: jommiltakummilta


text: jommillekummille

title: jommillekummille


text: jompinakumpina

title: jompinakumpina


text: jommiksikummiksi

title: jommiksikummiksi


text: jomminkummin

title: jomminkummin


text: jommittakummitta

title: jommittakummitta


text: jompinekumpine

title: jompinekumpine


text:
working farm

Noun

 * 1) A farm whose agricultural land and buildings are in active use for crop production and/or the raising of livestock.
 * 2) * 2007, Louis Porter, "Farm deal sours over money," The Barre Montpelier Times Argus (Vermont), 4 Oct.,
 * Even though the land was being farmed and was protected from development, Pelham says it was at risk of being sold to someone who wasn't going to keep it as a working farm.

title: working farm


text: Category:User yi

title: Category:User yi


text:
on the money

Prepositional phrase

 * 1)  In the correct position; on target; precisely accurate; accurately.

title: on the money


text: mailboxes

title: mailboxes


text:
carroña

Etymology
Ultimately from. First attested in 1601, and on that basis - considering as well as the lack of an outcome like - probably borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) carrion

title: carroña


text:
⅓

Numeral

 * 1)  one-third, one third

Related terms

 * 1, /, 3, ¹, /, 3

title: ⅓


text:
патриотизам

Noun

 * 1) patriotism

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) patriotism

title: патриотизам


text: 法西斯主义

title: 法西斯主义


text:
домољубље

Noun

 * 1) patriotism

title: домољубље


text: headends

title: headends


text: headlocks

title: headlocks


text: heartworms

title: heartworms


text: hegemonies

title: hegemonies


text:
välierä

Noun

 * 1)  A semifinal.

title: välierä


text:
what do you want, a cookie

Phrase

 * 1)  A retort to someone who has done something unsurprising or unimpressive and has deemed it necessary to mention it.
 * 2) * 2001, Mary Rogers, Drop Your Webbings! (from Class Acts: High School Plays by High School Writers ISBN 0738847402 by Randy Lee Hartwig), p.30
 * DOLL. Buzzet attacked me last night. I have scars! Look at my arm! And my hair is flat too!
 * SPIDER. What do you want a cookie?
 * SPIDER. What do you want a cookie?

title: what do you want, a cookie


text: head boys

title: head boys


text:
semifinaali

Etymology
(see 🇨🇬), ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1)  A semifinal.

title: semifinaali


text: headmen

title: headmen


text: headshots

title: headshots


text: headrushes

title: headrushes


text: head rush

title: head rush


text: headstands

title: headstands


text:
puolivälierä

Noun

 * 1)  A quarterfinal.

title: puolivälierä


text: heat capacities

title: heat capacities


text: heliodons

title: heliodons


text:
neljännesfinaali

Noun

 * 1)  A quarterfinal.

title: neljännesfinaali


text: heads of household

title: heads of household


text: hearts of gold

title: hearts of gold


text: heat deaths

title: heat deaths


text:
infame

Etymology
, from : compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. See.

Verb

 * 1)  To defame; to make infamous.

Related terms

 * osculum infame

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) infamous

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) infamous

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) infamous
 * 2) vile
 * 3)  awful, dreadful
 * 1)  awful, dreadful

Noun

 * 1) villain, scoundrel
 * 2) snitch, rat, informant or informer, traitor, turncoat

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) infamous

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) awful, dreadful
 * 2) infamous, vile, wicked

title: infame


text: helium variables

title: helium variables


text: helium stars

title: helium stars


text: help desks

title: help desks


text:
infilare

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to insert, to tuck in
 * 2) to puncture
 * 3) to thread (a needle, etc.)
 * 4) to do one after another in rapid succession
 * 5) to put on (an item of clothing)
 * 6) to take (a route, etc.)
 * 7) to guess
 * 1) to put on (an item of clothing)
 * 2) to take (a route, etc.)
 * 3) to guess
 * 1) to guess
 * 1) to guess
 * 1) to guess

title: infilare


text:
Jewett

Proper noun

 * , derived from a medieval English pet form of Julian.

title: Jewett


text: infilando

title: infilando


text: infilante

title: infilante


text: infilato

title: infilato


text: infilati

title: infilati


text:
infilata

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) series of things that follow one after another; string

title: infilata


text: infilo

title: infilo


text: infili

title: infili


text: infila

title: infila


text: infiliamo

title: infiliamo


text: infilate

title: infilate


text: infilano

title: infilano


text: infilavo

title: infilavo


text: infilavi

title: infilavi


text: infilava

title: infilava


text: infilavamo

title: infilavamo


text: infilavate

title: infilavate


text: infilavano

title: infilavano


text: infilai

title: infilai


text: infilasti

title: infilasti


text: infilò

title: infilò


text: infilammo

title: infilammo


text: infilaste

title: infilaste


text: infilarono

title: infilarono


text: infilerò

title: infilerò


text: infilerai

title: infilerai


text: infilerà

title: infilerà


text: infileremo

title: infileremo


text: infilerete

title: infilerete


text: infileranno

title: infileranno


text: infilerei

title: infilerei


text: infileresti

title: infileresti


text: infilerebbe

title: infilerebbe


text: infileremmo

title: infileremmo


text: infilereste

title: infilereste


text: infilerebbero

title: infilerebbero


text: infiliate

title: infiliate


text:
родољубље

Noun

 * 1) patriotism

title: родољубље


text: infilino

title: infilino


text: infilassi

title: infilassi


text: infilasse

title: infilasse


text: infilassimo

title: infilassimo


text: infilassero

title: infilassero


text: wheedles

title: wheedles


text:
ingaggiare

Etymology
..

Verb

 * 1) to take on, to engage, to recruit
 * 2) to sign (a sportsman for a team)

title: ingaggiare


text: bouncier

title: bouncier


text: ingaggiando

title: ingaggiando


text: ingaggiante

title: ingaggiante


text: ingaggiato

title: ingaggiato


text: ingaggiati

title: ingaggiati


text: ingaggiata

title: ingaggiata


text:
ingaggio

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) the taking on or engaging of someone for a role
 * 2) the signing of a sportsman for a team; the fee paid
 * 3)  bounty

title: ingaggio


text: ingaggi

title: ingaggi


text: ingaggia

title: ingaggia


text: ingaggiamo

title: ingaggiamo


text: bounciest

title: bounciest


text: ingaggiate

title: ingaggiate


text: ingaggiano

title: ingaggiano


text: ingaggiavo

title: ingaggiavo


text: ingaggiavi

title: ingaggiavi


text: ingaggiava

title: ingaggiava


text: ingaggiavamo

title: ingaggiavamo


text: ingaggiavate

title: ingaggiavate


text: ingaggiavano

title: ingaggiavano


text: ingaggiai

title: ingaggiai


text: ingaggiasti

title: ingaggiasti


text: ingaggiò

title: ingaggiò


text: ingaggiammo

title: ingaggiammo


text: ingaggiaste

title: ingaggiaste


text: ingaggiarono

title: ingaggiarono


text: ingaggerò

title: ingaggerò


text: ingaggerai

title: ingaggerai


text: ingaggerà

title: ingaggerà


text:
yama

Noun

 * 1) mother

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) father

Noun

 * 1)  thing

Etymology
and. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬

Interjection

 * 1) yes

Etymology
From and.

Verb

 * 1) to call (shout)
 * 2) to be called (one's name)
 * 3) to call by telephone

Verb

 * 1) to touch

Noun

 * 1) act of searching through junk
 * 2) duty or responsibility

Noun

 * 1) touch; sense of touch

Etymology
From, ultimately from , whence also 🇨🇬.

Cognate with 🇨🇬; 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬; 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬; 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬; also 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) birthmark
 * 2) patch
 * 3)  patch
 * 4)  reprint, slug, build-up
 * 5)  graft

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) west, sunset

title: yama


text: ingaggeremo

title: ingaggeremo


text: ingaggerete

title: ingaggerete


text: ingaggeranno

title: ingaggeranno


text: ingaggerei

title: ingaggerei


text: ingaggeresti

title: ingaggeresti


text: ingaggerebbe

title: ingaggerebbe


text: ingaggeremmo

title: ingaggeremmo


text: ingaggereste

title: ingaggereste


text: ingaggerebbero

title: ingaggerebbero


text: ingaggino

title: ingaggino


text: ingaggiassi

title: ingaggiassi


text: ingaggiasse

title: ingaggiasse


text: ingaggiassimo

title: ingaggiassimo


text: ingaggiassero

title: ingaggiassero


text:
inquadratura

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) framing (of a photographic shot)
 * 2) sequence of images

title: inquadratura


text: heroic meters

title: heroic meters


text:
inseguire

Etymology
From, remodeled after Italian.

Verb

 * 1) to pursue, to chase after
 * 2)  to pursue, to try to reach (a goal, dream, etc.)
 * 3)  to persecute

title: inseguire


text: inseguendo

title: inseguendo


text: inseguente

title: inseguente


text: inseguito

title: inseguito


text: inseguiti

title: inseguiti


text: inseguita

title: inseguita


text: inseguo

title: inseguo


text: insegui

title: insegui


text: insegue

title: insegue


text: inseguiamo

title: inseguiamo


text: inseguite

title: inseguite


text: inseguono

title: inseguono


text: inseguivo

title: inseguivo


text: inseguivi

title: inseguivi


text: inseguiva

title: inseguiva


text: inseguivamo

title: inseguivamo


text: inseguivate

title: inseguivate


text: inseguivano

title: inseguivano


text: inseguii

title: inseguii


text: inseguisti

title: inseguisti


text: inseguì

title: inseguì


text: inseguimmo

title: inseguimmo


text: inseguiste

title: inseguiste


text: inseguirono

title: inseguirono


text: inseguirò

title: inseguirò


text: inseguirai

title: inseguirai


text: inseguirà

title: inseguirà


text: inseguiremo

title: inseguiremo


text: inseguirete

title: inseguirete


text: inseguiranno

title: inseguiranno


text: inseguirei

title: inseguirei


text: inseguiresti

title: inseguiresti


text: inseguirebbe

title: inseguirebbe


text: inseguiremmo

title: inseguiremmo


text: inseguireste

title: inseguireste


text: inseguirebbero

title: inseguirebbero


text: insegua

title: insegua


text: herkullisempi

title: herkullisempi


text: inseguiate

title: inseguiate


text: inseguano

title: inseguano


text: inseguissi

title: inseguissi


text: inseguisse

title: inseguisse


text: inseguissimo

title: inseguissimo


text: inseguissero

title: inseguissero


text: herkullisin

title: herkullisin


text: heteroauxins

title: heteroauxins


text: hide-outs

title: hide-outs


text: cognescenti

title: cognescenti


text: lamentante

title: lamentante


text: lamentato

title: lamentato


text: lamentati

title: lamentati


text: lamentata

title: lamentata


text:
lamenti

Verb

 * 1)  to lament

title: lamenti


text: lamentiamo

title: lamentiamo


text: lamentate

title: lamentate


text: lamentano

title: lamentano


text: lamentavo

title: lamentavo


text: lamentavi

title: lamentavi


text: lamentava

title: lamentava


text: lamentavamo

title: lamentavamo


text: lamentavate

title: lamentavate


text: lamentavano

title: lamentavano


text: lamentai

title: lamentai


text: lamentasti

title: lamentasti


text: lamentò

title: lamentò


text: lamentammo

title: lamentammo


text: lamentarono

title: lamentarono


text: lamenterò

title: lamenterò


text: lamenterai

title: lamenterai


text: lamenterà

title: lamenterà


text: lamenteremo

title: lamenteremo


text: lamenterete

title: lamenterete


text: lamenteranno

title: lamenteranno


text: lamenterei

title: lamenterei


text: lamenteresti

title: lamenteresti


text: lamenterebbe

title: lamenterebbe


text: lamenteremmo

title: lamenteremmo


text: lamentereste

title: lamentereste


text: lamenterebbero

title: lamenterebbero


text: lamentiate

title: lamentiate


text: lamentino

title: lamentino


text: lamentassi

title: lamentassi


text: lamentasse

title: lamentasse


text: lamentassimo

title: lamentassimo


text: lamentassero

title: lamentassero


text:
Fasson

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  way of living, manner, shape

Noun

 * 1)  revers, lapel

title: Fasson


text:
lavoretto

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) a simple piece of work, or one of little importance
 * 2) occasional or temporary work; gig, odd job
 * 3) dishonest, dirty, or disreputable work
 * 1) dishonest, dirty, or disreputable work
 * 1) dishonest, dirty, or disreputable work

title: lavoretto


text:
legna

Etymology
From, plural of , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) firewood
 * 2)  NaN legnos

title: legna


text:
Revers

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) lapel; revers part of a garment folded back, especially on the front of a men’s jacket

title: Revers


text:
localizzare

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to locate
 * 2) to localize
 * 3) to confine, to circumscribe, to delimit

title: localizzare


text: localizzando

title: localizzando


text: localizzante

title: localizzante


text:
localizzato

Adjective

 * 1) localized
 * 2) confined

title: localizzato


text: localizzati

title: localizzati


text: localizzata

title: localizzata


text: localizzo

title: localizzo


text: localizzi

title: localizzi


text: localizza

title: localizza


text: localizziamo

title: localizziamo


text: localizzate

title: localizzate


text: localizzano

title: localizzano


text: localizzavo

title: localizzavo


text: localizzavi

title: localizzavi


text: localizzava

title: localizzava


text: localizzavamo

title: localizzavamo


text: localizzavate

title: localizzavate


text: localizzavano

title: localizzavano


text: localizzai

title: localizzai


text: localizzasti

title: localizzasti


text: localizzò

title: localizzò


text: localizzammo

title: localizzammo


text: localizzaste

title: localizzaste


text: localizzarono

title: localizzarono


text: localizzerò

title: localizzerò


text: localizzerai

title: localizzerai


text: localizzerà

title: localizzerà


text: localizzeremo

title: localizzeremo


text: localizzerete

title: localizzerete


text: localizzeranno

title: localizzeranno


text: localizzerei

title: localizzerei


text: localizzeresti

title: localizzeresti


text: localizzerebbe

title: localizzerebbe


text: localizzeremmo

title: localizzeremmo


text: localizzereste

title: localizzereste


text: localizzerebbero

title: localizzerebbero


text: localizziate

title: localizziate


text: localizzino

title: localizzino


text: localizzassi

title: localizzassi


text: localizzasse

title: localizzasse


text: localizzassimo

title: localizzassimo


text: localizzassero

title: localizzassero


text:
User talk:Vagar

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wiktionary. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:
 * Wiktionary Tutorial
 * How to edit a page
 * How to start a page
 * Our format guidelines (nicknamed "ELE")
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 * FAQ

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wiktionarian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk (discussion) and vote pages using four tildes, like this: ~, which automatically produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to one of the discussion rooms or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! – Krun 22:19, 15 October 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Vagar


text:
црв

Etymology
, from, from.

Noun

 * 1) worm
 * 2) vermin

Etymology
, from, from.

Noun

 * 1) worm
 * 2) vermin

title: црв


text: Template:he-noun

title: Template:he-noun


text:
中晝頓

Noun

 * 1)  lunch

title: 中晝頓


text: 中昼顿

title: 中昼顿


text:
Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)lɪʃ

Pronunciation
,

Two syllables

 * churlish
 * earlish
 * erlish
 * girlish
 * pearlish
 * Perlish
 * skirlish
 * squirrelish
 * swirlish
 * whirlish

Three syllables

 * unchurlish
 * ungirlish

Four syllables

 * little-girlish

Three syllables

 * cowgirlish
 * fangirlish
 * schoolgirlish

title: Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)lɪʃ


text:
中晝

Noun

 * 1)  noon

title: 中晝


text: 中昼

title: 中昼


text:
中午

Noun

 * 1) noon; midday

title: 中午


text:
Wiktionary talk:Ukrainian transliteration

Combining ties for ALA-LC
These are composed using the correct Unicode characters in the correct order: i͡e, z͡h, t͡s, i͡u, i͡a. If they don't look right, then your browser is probably displaying them using Arial Unicode MS font. Blame Microsoft, but please don't change the table to ruin the display for people with fonts which work right. For details, see Arial Unicode MS.—w:user:Mzajac

Attribution
Most of this table was copy-pasted directly from the wikitext in Romanization of Ukrainian. I believe Wikipedia's licence requires that the original authors be credited here. —w:user:Mzajac

 * If you know how, transwiki the file and then we can make the needed changes. I would do it but I don’t know how. —Stephen 23:56, 15 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Since it's free, I think all it would require is a notice here, but I have no idea what the right form or procedure is.Mzajac 01:44, 16 October 2007 (UTC)

Ц
Shouldn't ц be transliterated as c, to be consistent with the rest? —w:user:Mzajac

Indicating stress
We need to have a way to indicate primary and secondary stress on syllables. In Ukrainian and other Cyrillic-alphabet dictionaries this is normally done using stress marks which look a bit like acute accents over the syllables' vowels. There is normally a bolder one for primary stress. Unfortunately, I don't think Unicode has accents characters which allow both. There can also be problems displaying certain character combinations. For example, the default Wiktionary font on my computer doesn't display combining diacritics on Cyrillic characters correctly, so ма́ти has the accent appearing after the Cyrillic а on the page, even though it displays correctly in editing fields (Latin á, é, í, ó, ú, ý display correctly on the page). Finally, there is also the problem that this is not a normal convention in English dictionaries, so readers may think that the accent represents a word's normal Ukrainian orthography.

In IPA, stress is shown using high and low vertical lines before the main and secondary stressed syllables, respectively: (syllable)

There seems to be a mix in how this is done in Ukrainian entries in Wiktionary: in the Cyrillic, in the transliteration, and of course in the IPA. For example, at мати, stress is indicated all three ways:

Noun
ма́ти (máty) f
 * 1) mother

Perhaps it's best to only apply stress in the IPA, since there is a standardized method which is familiar to English-language readers. —Mzajac 03:33, 16 October 2007 (UTC)

 * I’m more familiar with Russian. Russian dictionaries always indicate the stress using acute accents, and that’s how we do it here.

 * I use a font-call template for this purpose: ма́ти . This one accent is all that is needed for Russian. For secondary stress in Ukrainian, how about є̀ versus є́ ? —Stephen 08:44, 17 October 2007 (UTC)

 * That's not a bad solution, although non-standard. It should be fairly compatible in web browsers, etc.  (Unicode is quite robust these days, so I'm surprised and disappointed that it doesn't accommodate the bold acute accent.)

 * Another possibility is double and single acute accents, although I suspect this will not display in many fonts. Another possibility is to actually use bold formatting, but this is problematic because it won't be preserved in a plain-text copy, and it breaks up the word in the source code.  Or we could adopt the IPA standard, but this presents the problem of identifying syllable boundaries, while Ukrainian dictionaries always put stress on the vowel.

 * I suspect accents are more likely to work consistently over Latin letters than Cyrillic, but all of the examples below work in my browser (Safari 3.0.4 on Mac OS X Leopard 10.5.2):

 * acute and grave: карбо́ванѐць, karbóvanècʼ
 * double and single acute: карбо̋ване́ць, karbővanécʼ
 * bold and acutes: карбо́ване́ць, karbóvanécʼ
 * IPA: карˈбоваˌнець, karˈbovaˌnecʼ

 * A quick look at the Ukrainian wiktionary shows that most words have no stress, or only primary stress indicated. Occasionally syllable breaks are shown with hyphens, as in від-мі́-ню-ва-ти.  Maybe we should just follow the leader on this one.

 * The question still remains where we should indicate stress: in which of Cyrillic, transliterations, and pronunciation?  Obviously stress should be indicated in the IPA pronunciation in the word's entry.  Does it also belong in links to the word, e.g. in a "translations" section?

 * Perhaps it's best to only indicate stress where it's required, in a word's main entry, and not clutter everything else up with accents which some readers may find confusing. —Mzajac 03:48, 18 February 2008 (UTC)

 * Looking at the above examples with the latest Mozilla Firefox, I see о̋ and ѐ correctly, but the acute о́ is flying high and to the right. With рˈбо, only native Ukrainian-speakers would be able to tell the difference between ˈ and the regular apostrophe ’. I can tell when an entire word or phrase is bolded, but when only one letter is bolded, I don’t notice any difference on my screen.
 * Of course the accent should be marked in any IPA pronunciation, but many people don’t know or use IPA and they rely on either the Cyrillic or the transliteration. For that reason, it needs to be on the transliteration at least.
 * I don’t think it would be a good idea to follow the lead of the Ukrainian Wiki, because that is designed for native speakers. Americans require more clarity. For example, a Ukrainian can always tell the difference between ˈ and ’ in a Ukrainian word, but Americans cannot.
 * I agree, it’s probably best to add accents only where required, although it is helpful to have them marked in the Roman transliterations in the translation sections when a word’s main entry has not yet been created. But if the main entry exists, accentuation in the Translation sections is not so important. —Stephen 15:33, 18 February 2008 (UTC)

 * I've had a look at a few Ukrainian translation dictionaries in print (of varying quality). Some don't show stress at all, some only indicate primary stress, and others indicate two places of stress without differentiation.  I am positive that I remember Ukrainian schoolbooks from my youth which use a bold acute accent for primary stress, but I haven't been able to find one.  I suspect this has probably become rare in digital typesetting, since it would require a custom font or character set.  I speculate that it may also be out of current practise in Ukraine, which would be influenced by Russian-language typography.  Of course, this applies to Cyrillic text.

 * I agree that the Latin conventions of indicating stress shouldn't be mixed with the apostrophes and double apostrophes used in romanization because of confusion. I think that acute accents may be misleading too, for readers who aren't familiar with this non-Latin convention.  This could be further confusing, because in some languages there are Cyrillic characters with acute accents ѓ and ќ.

 * Does it make sense to use the Cyrillic convention on romanized words at all? Romanization is used to convey Cyrillic spelling to a Latin-alphabet audience, while IPA is used for pronunciation.  And stress is an aspect of pronunciation, not spelling.  Note that stress marks are placed on headwords in Cyrillic dictionaries, and there is no separate pronunciation, since these languages are more-or-less phonetic.

 * I suggest that we don't mix metaphors, and stick to the common systems English-language readers are familiar with. Acute accents for stress are used in Cyrillic reference books, and should remain at the uk, ru, and other Cyrillic wiktionaries.

 * мати (maty)

 * —Mzajac 03:08, 6 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Sounds okay. For the Roman alphabet, I use Windows’ "International English" keyboard, which makes it very easy for me to type the accents. And since Russian is so phonetic (except for the accent), not many Russian words have a separate Pronunciation section (although they should). And of course, the translation sections only have room for romanizations, not IPA pronunciations. So that’s why I like to include the accents right in the romanizations (máty). —Stephen 20:13, 6 March 2008 (UTC)

 * I've been giving this some more thought, and have written about some general principals in Wiktionary talk:Transliteration, and about Russian in Wiktionary talk:About Russian. (The romanization guide in About Russian contradicts Appendix:Russian transliteration, and is working at cross-purposes, in my opinion)

 * I think stress, syllabification, Russian akanye, etc. are all attributes of pronunciation. They belong only in the pronunciation section.  They should be represented with IPA, and this can be supplemented by another system.  Cyrillic dictionaries don't have a separate pronunciation guide, so stress is laid on the headword, but that doesn't belong in the English-language Wiktionary.

 * Headwords in English dictionaries are in plain English, and show hyphenation breaks (an attribute of orthography). They don't show stress, syllabification, or other pronunciation attributes.  It follows that foreign-language headwords and entries in a translation section should include a Latin-alphabet representation of the original orthography only.  Perhaps the stress accent could be placed on the Cyrillic version for the benefit of those familiar with the alphabet and its conventions (I would prefer not, to avoid confusion and help with searching), but this foreign convention doesn't belong in the romanized word.

 * Sorry if I'm repeating myself. —Mzajac 00:58, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

Having worked on more definitions and discussed this elsewhere, some factors have come to my attention:

 * In publications about the Ukrainian language, stress can be indicated on both Cyrillic and transliterations.
 * (In such publications, scholarly transliteration is used for both orthographic transliteration and phonetic transcription, so perhaps it could be used here to supplement IPA in pronunciation sections.)
 * In Wiktionary, many Ukrainian words appear in translation sections but don't have their own entries yet.
 * Where the Cyrillic is linked in translations, it is impractical to indicate stress on it, so stress naturally belongs on the transliteration.
 * In Ukrainian entries, stress can also be indicated on transliterations, for clarity and consistency.

I'll add a note to this guideline about stress. —Michael Z. 21:05, 18 March 2008 (UTC)

Archaic letters
Archaic Ukrainian letters may be added as a supplement. Their transliteration is not universal, but the following suggestions follow academic practice and are unambiguous. I've already encountered the jat’ (ѣ, ять) in the etymology for горілка.

These were sometimes used in Ukrainian up to the 1917 revolution:

 * ъ ъ (jer) sometimes (”), but that is confused with the apostrophe ’ (”).
 * ы y (jery)
 * ѣ ě (jat’)
 * э è (e) sometimes (e), but that is confused with Cyrillic е (e).

These were in older orthographies, some only used for Greek words or very rare. Also found in Church Slavonic, and in obscure Rusyn orthography of the late 1800s.

 * ѕ dz (dze)
 * ѹ u (uk)
 * ѡ ô (omega) sometimes (o), but that is confused with Cyrillic о (o).
 * іа ja (a jotovane) often treated as equivalent to я (ja)
 * ѧ ę (jus malyj)
 * ѩ ję (jus malyj jotovanyj)
 * ѫ ǫ (velykyj yus)
 * ѭ jǫ (velykyj yus jotovanyj)
 * ѯ ks (ksi)
 * ѱ ps (psi)
 * ѳ θ (fita) sometimes (f) or (th), but those are confused with Cyrillic ф (f) or тг (th).
 * ѵ i (ižicja) very rare.
 * ѥ je (e jotovane)

Any comments or objections to adding these to the Appendix? I suppose some will be unreadable in Internet Explorer, without a font-style template added. —Michael Z. 18:56, 26 March 2008 (UTC)

 * I have added the short list to the appendix, plus ё, which was part of the Zhelekhivka. —Michael Z. 19:31, 2 April 2008 (UTC)

Standards
Since we are discussing transliteration standards in the Beer parlour, I thought I'd make a relevant note here. This appendix currently falls conforms to normal practice, where some variation exists. The ISO/R 9:1968 standard is more specific, and here are the differences:

Personally, I prefer the standard's unambiguous ï over ji, but I am prejudiced towards the traditional x, ъ, and curly apostrophes.

I haven't considered the newer ISO 9:1995 standard, because it departs from conventional practice in linguistics. —Michael Z. 21:14, 7 April 2008 (UTC)

 * There was no discussion about this change in BP. Michael, you have changed "x" for "ch" in the established system without any discussion and changed it for a dozen Ukrainian words. What about the rest? What about many translations into Ukrainian? I think the Wiktionary transliteration systems should be with those who actually work with these languages, not with people who impose the rules in the Beer Parlour. Some casual editors have added more Ukrainian contents than you have and "ch" is very uncommon with Ukrainian contributors. It will also now differ from Belarusian and Russian, even though both languages also have similar standards but they were not adopted here. --Anatoli (обсудить/вклад) 04:21, 29 January 2013 (UTC)

 * Under the topic of “standards,” I'm trying to make this consistent with real-world usage and actual standards. The х=x has only been used in a few individual authors’ systems, while the broad use in most European-style systems is х=ch (while Anglo-American–style systems use х=kh).

 * I didn’t consider consistency with the Wiktionary transliteration system for Russian. It doesn’t correspond with any system, fails in some of the essential requirements of a dictionary transliteration system, and arguably it is not stable. The special rules and exceptions turn it into a transcription system – it duplicates the pronunciation and doesn't actually transliterate the words where it matters most.

 * I am prepared to go through and update all of the transliterations.

 * Do you really think we should talk about harmonizing our diverse Cyrillic romanization systems at the BP? I think this would be a great idea, but given the history, I doubt anything would come of it. —Michael Z. 2013-01-29 21:00 z

 * The "real world" doesn't use "ch" for "х", since it may and will be misread as /tʃ/. Most Wiktionary transliteration systems are customised over the time. The current system has been established and used. If anything, Anglo-American "kh" is the real world usage.

 * There's no problem with the Russian system (except for wording and formatting, perhaps), unlike Ukrainian and Belarusian, there are a few important exceptions in Russian when letters are not pronounced as expected and the knowledge of reading rules doesn't help (e.g. "молоко" is not transliterated as "malakó"). The transliteration system helps users to pronounce those words correctly without having to use IPA. A similar approach is used with other languages where letters are pronounced differently (e.g. Japanese, Korean, Arabic, Hebrew).

 * I don't see the need to change anything. There's no point in changing if the rule won't be followed. It would make sense to discuss rules with productive contributors if their method were different from the current system, as was the case with Arabic when we compromised and used a chat transliteration system for Arabic for a while. As of today, I seem to be the most productive contributor for Ukrainian, even though most of the time it's translations - about a dozen a week into Ukrainian. The same can be said about Belarusian, unfortunately. As for Russian, there are active editors, which have been using the current system. The only remaining (minor) inconsistency is in transliterating Russian "ь" and "ъ". --Anatoli (обсудить/вклад) 22:01, 29 January 2013 (UTC)

 * The "real world" doesn't use "ch" for "х", since it may and will be misread as /tʃ/. – “Ch” is sometimes pronounced /x/ in English (loch, Bach), while “x” is never. I think you are making an unfounded assumption here. The real world uses several variations. English-based systems use kh. European systems mainly use ch for the last 150 years or so, while a few have used h or x. H is unacceptable because it steals the only letter usable for Ukrainian and Belarusian г. X is a minority usage. See Gerych 1965, especially the tables at the back, for a survey of older usage.

 * There's no problem with the Russian system [. . .] The transliteration system helps users to pronounce those words correctly. – That's the biggest problem. The point of transliteration is to convey the spelling, and for example, to let readers perceive irregular pronunciation or spelling. If you think IPA is inadequate to convey pronunciation, then add a better transcription. But by substituting transcription for transliteration, you hide the fact that the word is pronounced \jevo\ but spelled jego. You know that you can put an international-system transcription into the “Pronunciation” section of an entry, don't you?

 * Regardless of whether you agree with me on that, the Russian system used here is substantially different from the Ukrainian and Belarusian, because it is based on a different fundamental intent: a preference for conveying pronunciation over spelling. If we are to consider making these compatible, our treatment of one or the other has to change radically. —Michael Z. 2013-01-29 22:34 z

Module:uk-translit
For your consideration, Module:uk-translit, see also the talk page with tests. --Anatoli (обсудить/вклад) 04:00, 27 March 2013 (UTC)

Historical romanization
Shevelov 1979:21 also gives tables for Middle Ukrainian, 15th–18th c., and Old Ukrainian, 11th–14th c. (and gives the sound values of these letters).

* NU: northern Ukrainian [ᵢe]

This could be added for reference. Not sure if it makes sense to incorporate this into the dictionary transliterations; I can see valid arguments for and against. —Michael Z. 2021-02-09 00:04 z  00:04, 9 February 2021 (UTC)


text:
西邊

Noun

 * 1) west side; to the west

title: 西邊


text: 西边

title: 西边