text:
delik

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * , a wrongful act.
 * , a wrongful act.

Etymology
From, from , from , morphologically.

Adjective

 * 1) Pierced, punctured.

Noun

 * 1) A narrow opening; a hole, puncture, orifice.
 * 2) A narrow, small pit.
 * 3) A small animal's domicile; a burrow.
 * 4)  Jail, prison cell.

title: delik


text:
User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/i18n.js

var wgMessageCache = {};

var wgFallbackLanguage;

function wfAddMsg(lang, key, value) { if (!wgMessageCache[lang]) { wgMessageCache[lang] = {}; }   wgMessageCache[lang][key.toLowerCase] = value; }

function wfMsgReal(key, forContent, args) { function wfMsgGet(lang, key) { if (!wgMessageCache[lang]) return null; return wgMessageCache[lang][key.toLowerCase]; }

// Bail out of the key is null if (key == null) return null;

var msg = null;

// Look for message in user language if (!forContent) { msg = wfMsgGet(wgUserLanguage, key); }

// Else, use content language if (msg == null) { msg = wfMsgGet(wgContentLanguage, key); }

// Else, use fallback language if (msg == null && wgFallbackLanguage) { msg = wfMsgGet(wgFallbackLanguage, key); }

// Else, use fallback text if (msg == null) { msg = "<" + key.toLowerCase + ">"; }

// Replace positional placeholders (e.g. $1 or ${1}) if (args.length > 1) { var re = /\$(?:([1-9]\d*)|\{([1-9]\d*)\})/g;

var m;       var toReplace = []; while (m = re.exec(msg)) { toReplace.push({               'pos': re.lastIndex - m[0].length,                'len': m[0].length,                'arg': m[1] || m[2]            }); }

var adjust = 0; for (var n in toReplace) { var replacement = args[toReplace[n].arg]; if (replacement == null) continue; replacement = replacement.toString;

toReplace[n].pos += adjust;

msg = msg.substring(0, toReplace[n].pos) + replacement + msg.substring(toReplace[n].pos + toReplace[n].len);

adjust += replacement.length - toReplace[n].len; }   }

return msg; }

function wfMsg(key) { return wfMsgReal(key, false, arguments); }

function wfMsgForContent(key) { return wfMsgReal(key, true, arguments); }

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/i18n.js


text:
User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/namespaces.js

var wgNsMedia = -2; var wgNsSpecial = -1; var wgNsMain = 0; var wgNsTalk = 1; var wgNsUser = 2; var wgNsUserTalk = 3; var wgNsProject = 4; var wgNsProjectTalk = 5; var wgNsImage = 6; var wgNsImageTalk = 7; var wgNsMediawiki = 8; var wgNsMediawikiTalk = 9; var wgNsTemplate = 10; var wgNsTemplateTalk = 11; var wgNsHelp = 12; var wgNsHelpTalk = 13; var wgNsCategory = 14; var wgNsCategoryTalk = 15;

var wgNamespaceNames = { // Standard namespaces '-2': 'Media', '-1': 'Special', '0': 'Main', '1': 'Talk', '2': 'User', '3': 'User talk', '4': 'Wikipedia', '5': 'Wikipedia talk', '6': 'Image', '7': 'Image talk', '8': 'Mediawiki', '9': 'Mediawiki talk', '10': 'Template', '11': 'Template talk', '12': 'Help', '13': 'Help talk', '14': 'Category', '15': 'Category talk',

// Custom namespaces '100': 'Appendix', '101': 'Appendix talk', '102': 'Concordance', '103': 'Concordance talk', '104': 'Index', '105': 'Index talk', '106': 'Rhymes', '107': 'Rhymes talk', '108': 'Transwiki', '109': 'Transwiki talk', '110': 'Wikisaurus', '111': 'Wikisaurus talk', '112': 'WT', '113': 'WT talk', '114': 'Citations', '115': 'Citations talk', };

function getNamespaceNumber(title) { if (title && title.match) { for (var num in wgNamespaceNames) { if (num == wgNsMain) continue;

if (title.replace("_", " ").match(wgNamespaceNames[num] + ":")) { return num; }       }    }

return wgNsMain; }

function getNamespaceName(title) { return wgNamespaceNames[getNamespaceNumber(title)]; }

title: User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/namespaces.js


text:
User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/navbox.js

// Requires: User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/easydom.js

function addNavbox(id, title, refId, refMode) { // Find the toolbox var oldBox = document.getElementById('p-tb'); if (!oldBox) return;

// Clone the toolbox and change its DOM id   var newBox = oldBox.cloneNode(true); newBox.id = id;

// Find the header and list components var oldHeader = newBox.getElementsByTagName('h5')[0]; var oldList = newBox.getElementsByTagName('ul')[0]; if (!(oldHeader && oldList)) return;

// Create the new header and list var newHeader = easyDom.h5(title); var newList = easyDom.ul;

// Replace the header and list oldHeader.parentNode.replaceChild(newHeader, oldHeader); oldList.parentNode.replaceChild(newList, oldList);

var parent = oldBox.parentNode; if (refId) { var refElement = toolbox.parentNode.getElementById(refId); if (refElement) { if (refMode && refMode == 'replace') { parent.replaceChild(newBox, refElement); } else { parent.insertBefore(newBox, refElement); }       } else { parent.appendChild(newBox); }   } else { parent.appendChild(newBox); }

return newList; }

function addToggleNavbox(id, title, closed, refId, refMode) { with (easyDom) { var toggle = a({ "href": "#" }, "+/-"); var toggleTitle = span(title, ' ', toggle); }   var list = addNavbox(id, toggleTitle, refId, refMode);

if (!list.parentNode.style.maxHeight) { list.parentNode.style.maxHeight = "15em"; }

var overflowProperty = list.parentNode.style.overflowX ? "overflowX" : "overflow"; var origDisplay = list.style.display; var origOverflow = list.parentNode.style[overflowProperty]; var toggleListDisplay = function (closed) { if (typeof closed != typeof false) { closed = list.style.display == origDisplay; }       var newDisplay; var newOverflow; if (!closed) { newDisplay = origDisplay; newOverflow = 'scroll'; } else { newDisplay = 'none'; newOverflow = origOverflow; }       list.style.display = newDisplay; list.parentNode.style[overflowProperty] = newOverflow;

return false; };   toggle.onclick = toggleListDisplay; toggleListDisplay(closed);

return list; }

title: User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/navbox.js


text:
User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/params.js

// function getParameterMap(url): Parses a URL and extracts the query string parameters; //    if no URL is provided, uses the current URL. Caches parsed parameters between invocations. var getParameterMap = (function {    // URL parameters cache: key=url, value=paramMap    var urlParamMaps = {};

return function (url) { // If no URL is passed in, use the current page's URL if (!url) { url = location.href; }

// Remove the anchor, if any url = url.replace(/#.*/, '');

// If the parameters for this URL have already been parsed, return them if (urlParamMaps[url]) return urlParamMaps[url];

// Set up a new map for the parameters to be parsed var paramMap = {};

// Split the URL from the query string var search = url.split("?", 2)[1]; if (search) { // Split query string on "&" var kvs = search.split("&"); for (var i in kvs) { // Split each key-value pair on the equals sign var kv = kvs[i].split("=", 2); var key = kv[0]; var value = decodeURIComponent(kv[1]);

// On the first occurence of a key, seed an empty array into paramMap if (!paramMap[key]) { paramMap[key] = []; }

// Push the new value onto the value list for the key in paramMap paramMap[key].push(value); }       }

// Cache the paramMap to avoid parsing for all parameter requests urlParamMaps[url] = paramMap;

return paramMap; }; });

// function getParameterValues(key, url): Extracts the list of values for a particular key //    from the given URL; if no URL is provided, uses the current URL. //    Returns null if the parameter was not in the URL. function getParameterValues(key, url) { return getParameterMap(url)[key]; }

// function getParameterValues(key, url): Extracts the values for a particular key //    from the given URL; if no URL is provided, uses the current URL. //    If there is more than one value for the given key, the first value is returned. //    Returns null if the parameter was not in the URL. function getParameter(key, url) { var values = getParameterValues(key, url); return values ? values[0] : null; }

// function getParameterNames(url): Extracts the list of parameter names //    from the given URL; if no URL is provided, uses the current URL. function getParameterNames(url) { var names = []; for (var n in getParameterMap(url)) { names.push(n); }   return names; }

title: User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/params.js


text:
User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/username.js

/** * Gets the name of the user associated with the current page. This works for user pages, user talk pages, * subpages of user and user talk pages, and the Special:Contributions page. * * If you want the name of the user who is viewing the page, use the wgUserName variable. * * If the current page is not associated with a user, then a null value is returned. * * NOTE: This function relies on page naming conventions and will return a user name for appropriately * titled pages regardless of whether the user in question actually exists. */ function getUsernameForCurrentPage { try { if (wgCanonicalSpecialPageName == "Contributions") { // Find the form containing the element with the id "namespace" var form = document.getElementById("namespace").form;

// Extract the username from the "target" field of the form return form.target.value.replace("_", " "); } else if (wgNamespaceNumber == 2 || wgNamespaceNumber == 3) { return wgTitle.split('/')[0]; }   } catch (e) { // Fall through }

return null; }

title: User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/username.js


text:
User talk:Mike Dillon/Easy DOM

Please use this page to ask any questions about my Easy DOM scripts. For information about using the scripts themselves, see User:Mike Dillon/Easy DOM.

[ Click here to start a new discussion.]

Easy DOM
I just wanted to be the first to post a comment. Great idea. ^_^

title: User talk:Mike Dillon/Easy DOM


text:
User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/easydom-console.js

// Requires: User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/easydom.js // Optionally requires: User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/easydom-ext.js

$(function {    var consoleContainer = document.getElementById('easyDomConsole');    if (consoleContainer == null) return;

var createSection = function (title, id) { with (easydom) { consoleContainer.appendChild(h2(title)); return consoleContainer.appendChild(div({ "id": id })); }   };

var removeAllChildren = function (node) { while (node && node.hasChildNodes) { node.removeChild(node.firstChild); }   };

// Create sections var commandWindow = createSection('Command Window', 'easyDomCommandWindow'); var samples = createSection('Samples', 'easyDomSamples'); var commandHistory = createSection('Command History', 'easyDomCommandHistory'); var playground = createSection('Playground', 'easyDomPlayground');

// Command Window var createSubmitHandler = function (data, clear) { return function { // Skip blanks if (!(data.value && data.value.match('\\S'))) { // Clear if (clear) data.value = ''; return false; }

try { eval('with (easyDom) { ' + data.value + ' }'); // Store history storeHistoryItem(data.value); // Clear if (clear) data.value = ''; } catch (e) { alert('Error: ' + e); }           return false; };   };

with (easyDom) { var pane = div({ "style": "background: #aaa; border: solid black 1px;" });

pane.appendChild(p('Standard variables:', ul(           li(strong('easydom'), ': The Easy DOM HTML namespace (implicitly available)'),            li(strong('playground'), ': The playground element')        )));

if (easydomMath) { pane.appendChild(p('Extended variables (available with easydom-ext.js):', ul(               li(strong('easydomMath'), ': The Easy DOM MathML namespace'),                li(strong('easydomSvg'), ': The Easy DOM SVG namespace')            ))); }

var consoleTextArea = textarea({ name: "code", rows: 10, style: "width: 100%"}); var consoleForm = form({ onsubmit: createSubmitHandler(consoleTextArea, true) }); consoleForm.appendChild(div(consoleTextArea)); var buttons = div(input({ type: "submit", value: "Evaluate" }),           ' ', input({ type: "reset", value: "Clear" })); consoleForm.appendChild(buttons); pane.appendChild(consoleForm);

commandWindow.appendChild(pane); }

var createCommandWindowPopulator = function (data) { return function { consoleTextArea.value = data; consoleTextArea.focus; return false; };   };

// Samples var sampleList = samples.appendChild(easyDom.ul); if (samples.style.overflowY != null) { samples.style.overflowY = "auto"; samples.style.maxHeight = "15em"; } else { samples.style.overflow = "scroll"; samples.style.height = "15em"; }

var createSampleItem = function (description, sampleCode) { with (easydom) { var editLink = a({ "href": "#", "title": "Edit sample code in Command Window" }, '(edit)'); editLink.onclick = createCommandWindowPopulator(sampleCode);

var execLink = a({ "href": "#", "title": "Execute sample code directly" }, '(exec)'); execLink.onclick = createSubmitHandler({ "value": sampleCode });

return li(description, ' ', editLink, ' ', execLink); }   };

// Say Hello sampleList.appendChild(createSampleItem( 'Add "Say Hello!" link to playground that says "Hello!"', 'playground.appendChild(p(a({ "href": "#", "onclick": function {\n' +        '    alert("Hello!");\n' +        '    return false;\n' +        '} }, "Say Hello!")));' ));

if (easydomMath) { // Simple matrix sampleList.appendChild(createSampleItem( 'Create a simple matrix equation using MathML (Presentation)', 'with (easydomMath) {\n' + '   playground.appendChild(easydom.p(math(mrow(mi("a"), mo("="),\n' + '       mfenced({ "open": "[", "close": "]" },\n' +            '            mtable(\n' + '               mtr(mtd(mi("x")), mtd(mi("y"))),\n' + '               mtr(mtd(mi("z")), mtd(mi("w")))\n' + '           ))))))\n' + '}'       ));    }

if (easydomSvg) { // SVG Star sampleList.appendChild(createSampleItem( 'Create a star using SVG', 'var starSize = 100;\n' + 'var createStar = function (size) {\n' + '   var scale = size / 11;\n' + '\n' + '   with (easydomSvg) {\n' + '       var star = path({\n' +            '            "d": "M 100,50 L 65.371323,61.16792 L 65.45085,97.552826 " +\n' +            '                 "L 44.128677,68.070074 L 9.5491503,79.389263 L 31,50 " +\n' +            '                 "L 9.5491503,20.610737 L 44.128677,31.929926 L 65.45085,2.4471742 " +\n' +            '                 "L 65.371323,38.83208 L 100,50 z",\n' +            '            "transform": "matrix(0,-9.678482e-2,9.678482e-2,0,0.660759,10.80135)",\n' +            '            "style": "fill: #fdff00; fill-opacity: 1; fill-rule: nonzero; " +\n' +            '                     "stroke: #605a00; stroke-width: 7.74914932; stroke-linejoin: miter; " +\n' +            '                     "stroke-miterlimit: 40; stroke-dashoffset: 0; stroke-opacity: 1"\n' +            '        });\n' + '\n' + '       return svg({ "width": size, "height": size },\n' +            '            g({ "transform": "scale(" + scale + ")" }, star));\n' + '   }\n' + '};\n' + '\n' + 'playground.appendChild(div(createStar(starSize)));' ));   }

// Command History var commandCounter = 0;

var commandHistoryList = commandHistory.appendChild(       easyDom.ul({ "style": "list-style: none; padding: 0" })); if (commandHistory.style.overflowY != null) { commandHistory.style.overflowY = "auto"; commandHistory.style.maxHeight = "15em"; } else { commandHistory.style.overflow = "scroll"; commandHistory.style.height = "15em"; }

var historyLimit = 30; var storeHistoryItem = function (data) { var historyLink = easyDom.a({           "href": "#",            "title": "Edit previously exited code in Command Window",            "onclick": createCommandWindowPopulator(data)        }, ++commandCounter);

var historyItem = easyDom.li(easyDom.pre( { "style": "border: 1px solid rgb(80,60,60); margin: 0" }, historyLink, ": ", data)); if (!commandHistoryList.hasChildNodes) { commandHistoryList.appendChild(historyItem); return; }

if (commandHistoryList.childNodes.length > historyLimit) { commandHistoryList.removeChild(commandHistoryList.childNodes[historyLimit]); }

commandHistoryList.insertBefore(           historyItem, commandHistoryList.firstChild); };

// Playground var setupPlayground = function { // Clear playground removeAllChildren(playground);

// Add boilerplate var playgroundMessageAttr = { style: "background: red; border: 1px solid grey;" }; var playgroundMessage = "This is here to play with. It has a DOM id of \"" + playground.id + "\". " + "It can also be referenced using the \"playground\" Javascript variable."; playground.appendChild(easydom.p(playgroundMessageAttr, playgroundMessage)); };   setupPlayground;

// Add clear buttons to Command Window button panel with (easydom) { var clearHistory = input({ "type": "button", "value": "Clear History",           "onclick": function  { removeAllChildren(commandHistoryList) } }); var resetPlayground = input({ "type": "button", "value": "Reset Playground",           "onclick": function  { setupPlayground } }); // Insert float as first child buttons.insertBefore(           div({ "style": "float: right" }, clearHistory, ' ', resetPlayground),            buttons.firstChild); // Clear buttons.appendChild(div({ "style": "clear: both" })); } });


text:
User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/defaultsort.js

// Requires: User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/easydom.js, User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/i18n.js

/* Messages */ wfAddMsg("en", "defaultSortNoteText", "Note"); wfAddMsg("en", "defaultSortMultipleText", "Multiple default sorts found"); wfAddMsg("en", "defaultSortDefaultText", "default"); wfAddMsg("en", "defaultSortInputLabel", "Default sort"); wfAddMsg("en", "defaultSortSubmitLabel", "Edit default sort"); wfAddMsg("en", "defaultSortCancelLabel", "Cancel"); wfAddMsg("en", "defaultSortChangedSummaryText",   "Changed default sort key to \"$1\""); wfAddMsg("en", "defaultSortRemovedSummaryText",   "Removed default sort key"); wfAddMsg("en", "defaultSortToolboxItemLabel", "Edit default sort"); wfAddMsg("en", "defaultSortToolboxItemTitle", "Edit default sort");

function scrollToFit(target) { // Determine the bounds of the target element var top = target.offsetTop; var e = target.offsetParent; while (e != null) { top += e.offsetTop; e = e.offsetParent; }   var height = target.offsetHeight; var bottom = top + height;

// Determine the visible bounds of the viewable area var viewTop = document.documentElement.scrollTop; var viewHeight = window.innerHeight; var viewBottom = viewTop + viewHeight;

// Determine where to scroll to   var scrollTop = viewTop; if (top < viewTop || height > viewHeight) { scrollTop = top; } else if (bottom > viewBottom) { scrollTop = viewTop + (bottom - viewBottom); }

// Scroll the window window.scroll(0, scrollTop); }

function editDefaultSort(textbox, existingDefaults, categories, defaultSortForm) { var text = textbox.value;

// Remove any existing defaults for (var i in existingDefaults) { text = text.substring(0, existingDefaults[i][0]) + text.substring(existingDefaults[i][0] + existingDefaults[i][1]);

// Shift any categories that come after the removed default back // by the length of the removed default for (var j in categories) { if (categories[j][0] < existingDefaults[i][0]) continue; categories[j][0] -= existingDefaults[i][1]; }   }

// Remove sort keys from selected categories var removed = 0; for (var i in categories) { categories[i][0] -= removed; if (!defaultSortForm.elements["category_" + i].checked) continue;

var newCategoryText = "\n"; text = text.substring(0, categories[i][0]) + newCategoryText + text.substring(categories[i][0] + categories[i][1]); removed += categories[i][1] - newCategoryText.length; }

// Insert new default before first category, if any if (defaultSortForm.elements["defaultsort"].value) { var newDefaultSort = "\n"; if (categories.length) { text = text.substring(0, categories[0][0]) + newDefaultSort + text.substring(categories[0][0]); } else { // Else place at the end text += "\n" + newDefaultSort; }   }

textbox.value = text;

return defaultSortForm.elements["defaultsort"].value; }

function doDefaultSort { var formDiv = document.getElementById("defaultSortForm"); if (formDiv != null) { formDiv.parentNode.removeChild(formDiv); }

var editform = document.getElementById("editform"); var textbox = document.getElementById("wpTextbox1"); if (editform == null || textbox == null) return;

var match; var text = textbox.value;

// Find any existing var existingDefaultRegex = new RegExp(       "\\{\\{DEFAULTSORT:(\\{\\{(?:FULL)?PAGENAME\\}\\}|[^}]+)\\}\\}[ \\t]*(?:\\n\\r?|\\r)?",        "gi"); var existingDefaults = []; while (match = existingDefaultRegex.exec(text)) { // Start, length, default sort key existingDefaults.push([           existingDefaultRegex.lastIndex - match[0].length,            match[0].length,            match[1]        ]); }

// Find all categories var categoryRegex = new RegExp(       "\\[\\[Category:([^|\\]]+)(?:\\|([^\\]]+))?\\]\\][ \\t]*(?:\\n\\r?|\\r)?",        "gi"); var categories = []; while (match = categoryRegex.exec(text)) { // Start, length, category, sort key categories.push([           categoryRegex.lastIndex - match[0].length,            match[0].length,            match[1],            match[2]        ]); }

// Construct the default sort form with (easydom) { var defaultSortForm = form;

// Create default sort input box var initialDefaultSort = ''; var defaultSortInput = input({ name: "defaultsort", size: "40" }); for (var i in existingDefaults) { initialDefaultSort = existingDefaults[i][2]; }

// Create warning for multiple default sorts var defaultSortWarning = span({ style: "font-size: smaller; color: red" }); if (existingDefaults.length > 1) { defaultSortWarning.appendChild(span(" ", strong(wfMsg("defaultSortNoteText")), ": ", wfMsg("defaultSortMultipleText"))); }

// Use most frequent sort key if no initialDefaultSort if (!initialDefaultSort) { var sortKeyFreq = {}; for (var i in categories) { var cat = categories[i]; var currentSort = cat[3]; if (currentSort) { if (!sortKeyFreq[currentSort]) { sortKeyFreq[currentSort] = 0; }                   sortKeyFreq[currentSort]++; }           }

var maxSortKeyCount = 0; for (var i in sortKeyFreq) { if (sortKeyFreq[i] > maxSortKeyCount) { initialDefaultSort = i;                   maxSortKeyCount = sortKeyFreq[i]; }           }        }

// Create category list var categoryList = ul; for (var i in categories) { var cat = categories[i]; var isDefault = false; var currentSort = cat[3]; if (!currentSort) { currentSort = em(wfMsg("defaultSortDefaultText")); isDefault = true; }           var boxId = "category_" + i;            var checkbox = input({ type: "checkbox", name: boxId, id: boxId }); if (isDefault) { checkbox.checked = true; checkbox.disabled = true; } else { var changeDefaultSort = (function (value) {                   return function  {                        defaultSortInput.value = value;                        return false;                    };                })(currentSort); if (currentSort == initialDefaultSort) { checkbox.checked = true; }               currentSort = a({ href: "#", onclick: changeDefaultSort }, currentSort); }           categoryList.appendChild(li(checkbox, " ", label({ "for": boxId }, cat[2]), " (", span({ style: "color: gray" }, currentSort), ")" ));       }

// Add category list to form defaultSortForm.appendChild(categoryList);

// Set initial default sort defaultSortInput.value = initialDefaultSort;

// Add default sort input box to form defaultSortForm.appendChild(div({ style: "padding: 0.1em" }, strong(wfMsg("defaultSortInputLabel")), ": ", defaultSortInput, defaultSortWarning ));

// Create cancel button var defaultSortCancel = input({ type: "button", value: wfMsg("defaultSortCancelLabel") }); defaultSortCancel.onclick = function { formDiv.parentNode.removeChild(formDiv); textbox.disabled = false; window.focus; return false; };

// Add submit and cancel buttons to form defaultSortForm.appendChild(div({ style: "padding: 0.1em" }, input({ type: "submit", style: "font-weight: bold",               value: wfMsg("defaultSortSubmitLabel")            }), " ", defaultSortCancel ));

// Create the form var formDiv = div({           id: "defaultSortForm",            style: "border: solid thin #aaa; padding: 0.1em;"        }, defaultSortForm);

// Attach the submit handler defaultSortForm.onsubmit = function { var changed = editDefaultSort(textbox, existingDefaults, categories, this);

formDiv.parentNode.removeChild(formDiv);

textbox.disabled = false;

var summary = document.getElementById("wpSummary"); if (summary.value) { summary.value += "; "; }           if (changed) { summary.value += wfMsgForContent("defaultSortChangedSummaryText", changed); } else { summary.value += wfMsgForContent("defaultSortRemovedSummaryText"); }

document.getElementById("wpMinoredit").checked = true;

document.getElementById("wpDiff").click;

return false; };

// Stick the form in the page editform.insertBefore(formDiv, document.getElementById("wpSummaryLabel"));

// Scroll to the form div scrollToFit(formDiv);

// Disable the main text box textbox.disabled = true;

// Focus on the input field defaultSortInput.focus; } }

$(function {    if (document.getElementById("wpTextbox1") != null) {        mw.util.addPortletLink("p-tb", "javascript:doDefaultSort", wfMsg("defaultSortToolboxItemLabel"), "t-defaultsort", wfMsg("defaultSortToolboxItemTitle"));   } });

title: User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/defaultsort.js


text:
User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/duplicateTabs.js

// Duplicate tabs from the top to the bottom of the content area $(function {    // Clone the original tabs and change the id to "mytabs"    var tabs = document.getElementById('p-cactions').cloneNode(true);    tabs.id = 'mytabs';

// Find individual tabs with ids and prefix the ids with "mytabs-" var listitems = tabs.getElementsByTagName('LI'); for (var i=0; i < listitems.length; i++) { if(listitems[i].id) listitems[i].id = 'mytabs-' + listitems[i].id; }

// Add the cloned tabs at the end of the "column-content" div document.getElementById('column-content').appendChild(tabs); });


text:
User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/highlightNonIPA.js

// Requires: User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/i18n.js

/* Messages */ wfAddMsg("en", "ipaClassName", "IPA");

var nonIpaSymbols; var nonIpaStyle; $(function {    var body = document.getElementById("bodyContent");    if (!body) return;

if (!nonIpaSymbols) { nonIpaSymbols = /([^a-fh-z\u0250-\u02FFŋǀǃǂǁβθðçχħѵáéíóúàèìòùäëïöüãẽĩõũâêîôûøæœ͡‿\|‖↗↘↓↑̚ⁿ̤̪ ̺̻.\[\]\/,•*<>\s-])/; }   if (!nonIpaStyle) { nonIpaStyle = "background-color: red; color: white"; }

var ipaBlocks = getElementsByClassName(body, "span", wfMsgForContent("ipaClassName")); for (var i in ipaBlocks) { var block = ipaBlocks[i];

var toReplace = []; for (var n in block.childNodes) { var node = block.childNodes[n];

// Skip non-text nodes if (node.nodeType != 3) continue;

if (nonIpaSymbols.test(node.nodeValue)) { toReplace.push(node); }       }

for (var n in toReplace) { var node = toReplace[n]; var replace = document.createElement("span");

var parts = node.nodeValue.split(nonIpaSymbols); for (var m in parts) { if (m % 2 == 0) { replace.appendChild(document.createTextNode(parts[m])); } else { var highlight = document.createElement("span"); highlight.setAttribute("style", nonIpaStyle); highlight.appendChild(document.createTextNode(parts[m])); replace.appendChild(highlight); }           }

block.replaceChild(replace, node); }   } });


text:
User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/recentpages.js

// Requires: User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/i18n.js, User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/easydom.js, User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/cookies.js

var pageHistoryCookieName; var pageHistoryCookieItemCount; var pageHistoryBeforePorlet; var pageHistoryExpiresInDays;

/* Messages */ // pageHistoryTitle: title of page history portlet wfAddMsg("en", "pageHistoryTitle", "Page history"); wfAddMsg("es", "pageHistoryTitle", "Historial de páginas");

// clearHistoryLabel: label of the "clear history" link wfAddMsg("en", "clearHistoryLabel", "clear history"); wfAddMsg("es", "clearHistoryLabel", "borrar historial");

// clearHistoryTitle: tooltip of the "clear history" link wfAddMsg("en", "clearHistoryTitle", "Clear page history"); wfAddMsg("es", "clearHistoryTitle", "Borrar historial de páginas");

// noPageHistoryText: text to display when there is no page history wfAddMsg("en", "noPageHistoryText", "No page history"); wfAddMsg("es", "noPageHistoryText", "Ningún historial de páginas");

$(function {    // Set defaults for variables    if (!pageHistoryCookieName) pageHistoryCookieName = "pageHistory";    if (!pageHistoryCookieItemCount) pageHistoryCookieItemCount = 10;    if (!pageHistoryBeforePorlet) pageHistoryBeforePorlet = null;    if (!pageHistoryExpiresInDays) pageHistoryExpiresInDays = 0;

// Create portlet with (easyDom) { var historyPortlet = div({ "class": "portlet", "id": "p-history" },           h5(wfMsg("pageHistoryTitle"))); var historyList = ul; var historyPBody = div({ "class": "pBody" }, historyList); historyPortlet.appendChild(historyPBody); }

// Insert portlet var beforePortlet = document.getElementById(pageHistoryBeforePorlet); document.getElementById("column-one").insertBefore(historyPortlet, beforePortlet);

// Extract previous history from cookie var historyItems = []; var historyCookie = readCookie(pageHistoryCookieName); if (historyCookie) { var cookieItems = historyCookie.split(","); for (var n in cookieItems) { historyItems.push(decodeURIComponent(cookieItems[n])); }   }

// Prepend the current page to the list, remove duplicates, and control item count if (wgArticleId > 0) { historyItems.unshift(wgPageName); for (var n = 1; n < historyItems.length; n++) { if (historyItems[n] == wgPageName) { historyItems.splice(n, 1); }       }        if (pageHistoryCookieItemCount > 0) { while (historyItems.length > pageHistoryCookieItemCount) { historyItems.pop; }       }    }

// History clearing var clearHistory = function { historyItems = []; while (historyList.firstChild) { historyList.removeChild(historyList.firstChild); }       with (easyDom) { historyList.appendChild(li(em(wfMsg("noPageHistoryText")))); }       $.removeCookie(pageHistoryCookieName, { path: "/" }); return false; };

// Build out the history list with (easyDom) { if (historyItems.length == 0) { historyList.appendChild(li(em(wfMsg("noPageHistoryText")))); } else { for (var n in historyItems) { var itemUrl = wgArticlePath.replace(/\$1/,                    encodeURIComponent(historyItems[n])); itemUrl = itemUrl.replace(/%2f/gi, "/"); itemUrl = itemUrl.replace(/%3a/gi, ":");

var itemLabel = historyItems[n].replace(/_/g, " "); // Add zero-width spaces before some punctuation itemLabel = itemLabel.replace(/([\/(])/g, "\u200B$1");               // Add zero-width spaces after other punctuation                itemLabel = itemLabel.replace(/([:;,.)-])/g, "$1\u200B");

historyList.appendChild(li( a({ "href": itemUrl, "title": historyItems[n] }, itemLabel))); }

var clearHistoryLink = a({ "href": "#", "title": wfMsg("clearHistoryTitle") },               em(wfMsg("clearHistoryLabel"))); clearHistoryLink.onclick = clearHistory; historyPBody.appendChild(div( { "style": "padding-top: 1em; text-align: right" }, clearHistoryLink)); }   }

// Write out the updated cookie historyCookie = ""; for (var n in historyItems) { var encodedItem = encodeURIComponent(historyItems[n]);

// Limit cookie value size to 4000 bytes if (historyCookie.length + encodedItem.length + 1 > 4000) break;

if (n > 0) historyCookie += ","; historyCookie += encodedItem; }   writeCookie(pageHistoryCookieName, historyCookie,        { "path": "/", "expiresInDays": pageHistoryExpiresInDays }); });

title: User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/recentpages.js


text:
짝

Etymology 1
If it had form with a suffix, then further connection can be found with 🇨🇬, but this is highly speculative.
 * 1446, 48
 * "okm"

- ᄧᅡᆨ爲雙.

Noun

 * 1) pair
 * 2) partner; mate
 * 1) partner; mate
 * 1) partner; mate
 * 1) partner; mate

Etymology 2
Related to standard Korean, appears to be used by speakers in all dialects of Korean, though it may not be the most common form.

title: 짝


text:
User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/replace.js

// Requires: User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/cookies.js, User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/i18n.js

/* Messages */ wfAddMsg("en", "regexReplaceLabel", "Regex replace"); wfAddMsg("en", "regexReplaceTitle", "Replace text in the edit window using regular expressions"); wfAddMsg("en", "regexReplaceSearchPrompt", "Search regex"); wfAddMsg("en", "regexReplaceReplacementPrompt", "Replace /$1/ with:");

$(function {    if (!document.forms.editform) return;

var item = mw.util.addPortletLink('p-tb', '#', wfMsg("regexReplaceLabel"), 'ca-replace',       wfMsg("regexReplaceTitle"), 'g', document.getElementById('ca-history'));

var lastSearch = readCookie("lastRegexSearch"); lastSearch = (lastSearch && lastSearch.length) ? decodeURIComponent(lastSearch) : "";

var lastReplace = readCookie("lastRegexReplace"); lastReplace = (lastReplace && lastReplace.length) ? decodeURIComponent(lastReplace) : "";

item.getElementsByTagName("a")[0].onclick = function { var s = prompt(wfMsg("regexReplaceSearchPrompt") + ":", lastSearch); if (!s) return false;

var r = prompt(           wfMsg("regexReplaceReplacementPrompt", s.replace(/\//g, "\\/")) + ":",            lastReplace); if(r == null) return false;

var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1; txt.value = txt.value.replace(new RegExp(s, "mg"), r);

lastSearch = s;       lastReplace = r;

writeCookie("lastRegexSearch", encodeURIComponent(lastSearch), { "path": "/" }); writeCookie("lastRegexReplace", encodeURIComponent(lastReplace), { "path": "/" });

return false; }; });

title: User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/replace.js


text:
User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/searchNewWindow.js

// Requires: User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/i18n.js, User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/easydom.js

// searchNewWindowDefault: Controls default state of checkbox on page load; "false" if unspecified var searchNewWindowDefault; if (searchNewWindowDefault == null) { searchNewWindowDefault = false; }

// Messages wfAddMsg("en", "searchNewWindowLabel", "New window?"); wfAddMsg("es", "searchNewWindowLabel", "¿Ventana nueva?");

$(function {    // Find the search form    var searchform = document.getElementById("searchform");    if (!searchform) return;

// Get the first div inside (holds the input elements) var searchdiv = searchform.getElementsByTagName("div")[0]; if (!searchdiv) return;

with (easydom) { // Build the checkbox and onchange handler var newWindowCheckbox = input({           "id": "searchNewWindow",            "type": "checkbox",            "onchange": function  {                if (this.checked) {                    searchform.setAttribute("target", "_blank");                } else {                    searchform.setAttribute("target", "_top");                }            }        });

// Add the checkbox and label to the div searchdiv.appendChild(div( { "class": "searchNewWindow" }, newWindowCheckbox, " ", label({ "for": "searchNewWindow" }, wfMsg("searchNewWindowLabel")))); }

// If searchNewWindowDefault is true, click the checkbox if (searchNewWindowDefault) { newWindowCheckbox.click; } });


text:
User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/tabs.js

// Requires: User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/i18n.js

/* Messages */ wfAddMsg("en", "purgeTabLabel", "Purge"); wfAddMsg("es", "purgeTabLabel", "Purgar"); wfAddMsg("en", "purgeTabTitle", "Purge this page from the server cache"); wfAddMsg("es", "purgeTabTitle", "Purgar esta página del cache de servidor");

wfAddMsg("en", "lastDiffTabLabel", "Last"); wfAddMsg("es", "lastDiffTabLabel", "Previa"); wfAddMsg("en", "lastDiffTabTitle", "Show differences between this revision and the previous"); wfAddMsg("es", "lastDiffTabTitle", "Mostrar las diferencias entre esta revisión y la previa");

// Add a new list item to the page tabs function addTab(url, name, id, title, key) { // Add tab to the top tabs mw.util.addPortletLink('p-cactions', url, name, id, title, key);

// Add tab to the bottom if the tabs have been cloned mw.util.addPortletLink('mytabs', url, name, 'mytabs-' + id, title, key); }

// Add a 'purge' and 'last' links to the tabs $(function {    var x = document.getElementById('ca-history');    if(!x) return;

if(x.children) x = x.children[0].href; else x = x.childNodes[0].href;

addTab(x.replace(/action=history/, "action=purge"),       wfMsg("purgeTabLabel"), 'ca-purge', wfMsg("purgeTabTitle")); addTab(x.replace(/action=history/, "diff=" + wgCurRevisionId + "&oldid=prev"),       wfMsg("lastDiffTabLabel"), 'ca-last', wfMsg("lastDiffTabTitle")); });

title: User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/tabs.js


text:
User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/toolboxLogLinks.js

// Requires: User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/i18n.js, User:Mike Dillon/Scripts/username.js

/* * This script adds two links to the Toolbox: *    1. Page logs: a log of actions for the page currently being viewed *    2. User logs: a log of actions by the user whose page is currently being viewed */

/* Messages */ // pageLogLinkLabel wfAddMsg("en", "pageLogLinkLabel", "Page logs"); wfAddMsg("es", "pageLogLinkLabel", "Registros de la página");

// pageLogLinkTitle wfAddMsg("en", "pageLogLinkTitle", "View a log of all actions done for this page"); wfAddMsg("es", "pageLogLinkTitle", "Ver a los registros para esta página");

// userLogLinkLabel wfAddMsg("en", "userLogLinkLabel", "User logs"); wfAddMsg("es", "userLogLinkLabel", "Registros del usuario");

// userLogLinkTitle wfAddMsg("en", "userLogLinkTitle", "View a log of all actions done by this user"); wfAddMsg("es", "userLogLinkTitle", "Ver a los registros de acciones por este usuario");

$(function {    if (document.getElementById("t-whatlinkshere")) {        mw.util.addPortletLink("p-tb", wgArticlePath.replace(/\$1/, "Special:Log?page=" + encodeURIComponent(mw.config.get('wgPageName'))), wfMsg("pageLogLinkLabel"), "t-pagelogs", wfMsg("pageLogLinkTitle"), null, document.getElementById("t-upload"));   }

var user = getUsernameForCurrentPage; if (user) { mw.util.addPortletLink("p-tb",           wgArticlePath.replace(/\$1/, "Special:Log?user=" + encodeURIComponent(user)),            wfMsg("userLogLinkLabel"), "t-userlogs", wfMsg("userLogLinkTitle"),            null, document.getElementById("t-upload")); } });


text:
anted

Alternative forms

 * anteed
 * anteied

title: anted


text:
지적

Noun

 * 1) Pointing out or to; indication.

Etymology 2
.

Determiner

 * 1) Intellectual; of or pertaining to the intellect.

Noun

 * 1) Something which is intellectual.

title: 지적


text: hanging chads

title: hanging chads


text:
sêr

Etymology
From, from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  stars
 * 2) asterisks
 * 3)  squills, Scilla
 * 4)  hands across
 * 1)  hands across

title: sêr


text:
Template:ko-basic-embed

{{ subst:  #ifeq:{{{num|}}}|1|==Korean== {{ko-sort|{{{key|}}}}}

Etymology 1

 * ===Etymology ===|}}

{{ subst:  #if:{{{pron}}}|

Pronunciation
}}

title: Template:ko-basic-embed


text: Template:ko-basic-hanjanoun-embed

title: Template:ko-basic-hanjanoun-embed


text: Template:ko-preload-hanjanoun-embed

title: Template:ko-preload-hanjanoun-embed


text:
부인

Noun

 * 1)  (another person's) wife
 * 2)  Lady (honorary title bestowed on ladies of the high aristocracy in the Goryeo and Joseon dynasties)

Usage notes

 * It is considered impolite to refer to one’s own wife as 부인.

Synonyms

 * (humble)
 * (humble)
 * (humble)
 * (humble)

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1) denial; disaffirmation

title: 부인


text:
เชือก

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 or, 🇨🇬. Compare 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬 (whence 🇨🇬).

Noun

 * 1) rope; string; cord; thread.

title: เชือก


text:
galds

Etymology
From, , from ,. The semantic evolution was probably: “chipped, carved, hollowed (thing)” → “chip, board cut from a block (of wood)” (a meaning still attested; see below) → “trough, wood container (for eating, feeding)” (note also the meaning of derived term ) → “table (for eating).” Cognates include 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) table piece of furniture consisting of a horizontal surface on legs, to support objects — dishes and food while eating, tools while working, etc.
 * 2)  table a table drawer or small cabinet
 * 3) table, buffet the food and drinks placed on the table; said food and drinks together with the table
 * 4) table type of food
 * 5) table a meal, the food consumed during a meal
 * 6) table group of people sitting at the same table and eating together
 * 7) board especially treated to make a certain specific object
 * 8) board, table horizontal surface or platform for some device or machine
 * 1)  table a table drawer or small cabinet
 * 2) table, buffet the food and drinks placed on the table; said food and drinks together with the table
 * 3) table type of food
 * 4) table a meal, the food consumed during a meal
 * 5) table group of people sitting at the same table and eating together
 * 6) board especially treated to make a certain specific object
 * 7) board, table horizontal surface or platform for some device or machine
 * 1)  table a table drawer or small cabinet
 * 2) table, buffet the food and drinks placed on the table; said food and drinks together with the table
 * 3) table type of food
 * 4) table a meal, the food consumed during a meal
 * 5) table group of people sitting at the same table and eating together
 * 6) board especially treated to make a certain specific object
 * 7) board, table horizontal surface or platform for some device or machine
 * 1) table, buffet the food and drinks placed on the table; said food and drinks together with the table
 * 2) table type of food
 * 3) table a meal, the food consumed during a meal
 * 4) table group of people sitting at the same table and eating together
 * 5) board especially treated to make a certain specific object
 * 6) board, table horizontal surface or platform for some device or machine
 * 1) table type of food
 * 2) table a meal, the food consumed during a meal
 * 3) table group of people sitting at the same table and eating together
 * 4) board especially treated to make a certain specific object
 * 5) board, table horizontal surface or platform for some device or machine
 * 1) table group of people sitting at the same table and eating together
 * 2) board especially treated to make a certain specific object
 * 3) board, table horizontal surface or platform for some device or machine
 * 1) board especially treated to make a certain specific object
 * 2) board, table horizontal surface or platform for some device or machine
 * 1) board especially treated to make a certain specific object
 * 2) board, table horizontal surface or platform for some device or machine
 * 1) board, table horizontal surface or platform for some device or machine
 * 1) board, table horizontal surface or platform for some device or machine
 * 1) board, table horizontal surface or platform for some device or machine

title: galds


text:
stalas

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) table
 * rašomasis stalas - desk

title: stalas


text:
miza

Noun

 * 1)  tree bark
 * 2) fruit, vegetable peel, skin
 * 1) fruit, vegetable peel, skin
 * 1) fruit, vegetable peel, skin

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1) to bet
 * 2) to count on someone

Etymology
From.

title: miza


text:
బల్ల

Noun

 * 1) table; bench
 * 2)  enlargement of the spleen: splenomegaly.
 * 3)  unit equivalent to half of an Indian bushel
 * 4)  penis
 * 1)  penis
 * 1)  penis

title: బల్ల


text:
테이블

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) table

title: 테이블


text:
شاحنة

Etymology
formed from of, as.

Noun

 * 1) truck, lorry
 * 2) baggage car

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) truck

title: شاحنة


text:
teherautó

Noun

 * 1) truck

title: teherautó


text:
sunkvežimis

Noun

 * 1) truck

title: sunkvežimis


text:
담기다

Verb

 * 1)  to be put in; to go into; to be included in

title: 담기다


text:
chauffieren

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to chauffeur

title: chauffieren


text:
Kasserolle

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) casserole, saucepan

title: Kasserolle


text:
lastbil

Noun

 * 1) truck (vehicle designed for carrying cargo)
 * 2) lorry (motor vehicle)

Noun

 * 1) a truck, a lorry

title: lastbil


text:
트럭

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) truck

title: 트럭


text:
cryf

Etymology
From, from , from (compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬).

, a 🇨🇬 borrowing, is from the same root,.

Adjective

 * 1) strong
 * 2) tending to constipate, astringent

title: cryf


text:
gwan

Etymology 1
From various English dialects, notably.

Noun

 * 1)  A hybrid between a goose and a swan, especially the offspring of a gander  and a pen.

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬 (🇨🇬).

Adjective

 * 1) weak

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬 (🇨🇬).

Adjective

 * 1) weak

title: gwan


text:
caledu

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to harden become hardened, dry
 * 2)  to grow unfeeling or stubborn, render hard or obdurate
 * 3)  to harden, pronounce as voiceless
 * 4) to grow stingy or niggardly
 * 5) to become costive or constipated, constipate
 * 6) to temper
 * 1) to become costive or constipated, constipate
 * 2) to temper

title: caledu


text:
Tagebuch

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) diary, journal

title: Tagebuch


text:
troed

Etymology 1
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) foot part of body
 * 2) * 1620, William Morgan, Y Bibl Cyssegr-lan, Salm 91:12:
 * "cy"

- Ar eu dwylo, y’th ddygant rhag taro dy droed wrth garreg.

title: troed


text:
pārtika

Noun

 * 1) foodstuffs, provisions, groceries

title: pārtika


text:
ēdiens

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) food prepared for consumption; meal; dish

title: ēdiens


text: traed

title: traed


text:
maistas

Etymology
A nominal derivative of an unattested, an iterative form of.

Noun

 * 1) food

Usage notes
Used in the singular only.

title: maistas


text:
อาหาร

Etymology
From or. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) food; meal; diet.

title: อาหาร


text:
भोजन

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  food

Noun

 * 1)  (“meal”)

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) the act of enjoying, using
 * 2) the act of eating
 * 3) a meal, food
 * 4) anything enjoyed or used, property, possession
 * 5) enjoyment, any object of enjoyment or the pleasure caused by it
 * 6) the act of giving to eat, feeding
 * 7) dressing food, cooking
 * 1) dressing food, cooking

Adjective

 * 1) feeding, giving to eat (said of Shiva)
 * 2) voracious

Proper noun

 * 1) name of a mountain

title: भोजन


text:
ushqim

Etymology
Gerund of ;.

Noun

 * 1) food

title: ushqim


text:
ἱπποκένταυρος

Etymology
From. While "horse centaur" may seem redundant, it should be noted that originally referred to a race of people, the Centaurs, who are associated in some myths with the origin of the creature "centaur". This term likely made the distinction between a person of the Centaur race and the creature, until later, when the word simply referred to the creature. Note that while Wiktionary distinguishes between upper and lower case in Ancient Greek words, Ancient Greek did not (minuscules were not invented until the seventh century).

Noun

 * 1) centaur
 * 2) any mythical creature

title: ἱπποκένταυρος


text:
zāle

Etymology 1
Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) grass
 * 2) weed
 * 3) herb
 * 4)  medicine, drug

Etymology 2
Borrowed from. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) hall

title: zāle


text:
žolė

Etymology
A nominal formation from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬; see also.

Noun

 * 1) grass

title: žolė


text:
ورقة

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) leaf
 * 2) petal
 * 3) sheet of paper, piece of paper
 * 4) slip, note, card
 * 5) metal plate, sheet metal leaf
 * 6) banknote

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) paper
 * 2) leaf

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) leaf
 * 2) sheet of paper, piece of paper

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) leaf
 * 2) sheet of paper, piece of paper

title: ورقة


text:
muchas gracias

Etymology
.

Interjection

 * 1) thank you very much

Interjection

 * 1) Thank you very much, many thanks

title: muchas gracias


text:
דף

Etymology
Borrowed from, itself borrowed from , compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  a board, plank
 * 2)  a column (in a scroll)
 * 3) A sheet of paper.
 * 4) A page, a leaf.
 * 5)  A web page.

title: דף


text:
काग़ज़

Etymology
. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) paper

title: काग़ज़


text:
Schweinhund

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) A bastard, an arse;

title: Schweinhund


text:
popierius

Etymology

 * compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) paper
 * 2) document

title: popierius


text:
hârtie

Etymology
, from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬), 🇨🇬. Cf. also the doublet, which has the same 🇨🇬 root, but passed through 🇨🇬, as well as , straight from Greek, and , a later Latin borrowing.

Noun

 * 1) paper

title: hârtie


text:
screwed the pooch

Verb

 * 1)   (To have screwed up or to have made a mistake.)

title: screwed the pooch


text:
diamonds are a girl's best friend

Proverb

 * 1) While love is a luxury, material wealth (particularly jewellery) is more valuable to a girl.

Related terms

 * diamonds are forever

title: diamonds are a girl's best friend


text:
Jonne

Etymology
From a diminutive of, , and rarely of.

title: Jonne


text:
Tapio

Etymology
According to Saarikivi (2022), from, and thus as a name for a god of the hunt. The name has also been connected with 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬 (both connected with respective cognates of ), hinting at a theoretical noun (not attested in Finnish), which could have served as the direct etymon. Koivulehto took a different view, likewise connecting the word with, but instead citing a Germanic comparandum, (whence 🇨🇬), proposing it as evidence of a semantic shift within Finnic (parallel to the development of ) through a sense like "lenient, amenable".

Proper noun

 * 1)  The god of forest.
 * 2) * 1849 (Translation 1988 by Eino Friberg) 46:53-56:
 * "fi"

- Ota, metsä, miehiksesi, / Urohiksesi, Tapio! / Auta onni ottamahan, / Metsän kaunis kaatamahan!

Usage notes

 * Revived as a given name in the 19th century. A popular middle name since early 20th century.

title: Tapio


text:
넘어가다

Verb

 * 1) to collapse or tilt
 * 2) to cross over
 * 3) to shift or be transferred
 * 4)  to set
 * 5) to fall for (a fraud)

title: 넘어가다


text:
רוסיש

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1) Russian (the Russian language)

Adjective

 * 1) Russian

title: רוסיש


text:
disaffirmation

Etymology
or

Noun

 * 1) The act of denial; a declaration that something is not true.
 * 2) Repudiation of self or other.

Synonyms

 * denial
 * disclaim
 * repudiation

Related terms

 * disaffirmance
 * disaffirmative

title: disaffirmation


text: disaffirmations

title: disaffirmations


text:
Russin

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) A female Russian, a Russian woman.

Noun

 * 1) a female Russian

title: Russin


text: Bohumil

title: Bohumil


text: Hanuš

title: Hanuš


text: Justýna

title: Justýna


text: Štefan

title: Štefan


text:
Sára

Proper noun

 * 1)  wife of patriarch Abraham, mother of Isaac
 * 1)  wife of patriarch Abraham, mother of Isaac

Etymology
From, which was originally converted from the given name.

Usage notes
Matronymics
 * son of Sára: Sáruson
 * daughter of Sára: Sárudóttir

Proper noun

 * 1) . Cognate to

title: Sára


text:
Rosjanin

Noun

 * 1) Russian

title: Rosjanin


text: Rosjanka

title: Rosjanka


text:
Andrej

Etymology
, cognate with, both from.

Etymology
From, cognate with , both from.

Etymology
, cognate with, both from.

Etymology
From, cognate with , both from.

title: Andrej


text:
Renáta

Proper noun

 * 1) . Hungarian equivalent of Renata

title: Renáta


text: Agáta

title: Agáta


text: Hedvika

title: Hedvika


text:
Vendelín

Etymology
Cognate to 🇨🇬.

title: Vendelín


text:
Brigita

Etymology
First recorded as a given name of Latvians in 1510. Cognate with English Bridget.

Related terms

 * Gita

title: Brigita


text:
slovakialainen

Adjective

 * 1) Slovak of Slovakia

Noun

 * 1) A Slovak.

title: slovakialainen


text:
slowakisch

Adjective

 * 1)  Slovak

title: slowakisch


text: Beáta

title: Beáta


text:
Talk:Beáta

Czech cognate
Candidates for the cognate of the Czech entry: Unfortunately, I am unclear about which of these are properly English. --Daniel Polansky 08:28, 12 January 2008 (UTC)
 * Beata (Beata)
 * Beate (Beate)
 * Beatrice
 * Beatrix

title: Talk:Beáta


text:
Amphisbaenidae

Hypernyms

 * ; - order; Amphisbaenia - suborder

Hyponyms

 * ,, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - genera

title: Amphisbaenidae


text: Šarlota

title: Šarlota


text:
Slowake

Noun

 * 1) Slovak (native of Slovakia)

title: Slowake


text:
Zoja

Etymology
, equivalent to 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Etymology
First recorded as a given name of Latvians in early 20th century. From. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Etymology
.

title: Zoja


text:
Slowakin

Noun

 * 1) female Slovak (native of Slovakia)

title: Slowakin


text:
Tadeáš

Proper noun

 * 1) Thaddaeus

title: Tadeáš


text: Štěpánka

title: Štěpánka


text:
相國

Noun

 * 1)  Chancellor of State

title: 相國


text:
supertaxon

Noun

 * 1)  A grouping of taxa.

Related terms

 * subtaxon

Noun

 * 1) supertaxon

title: supertaxon


text:
相国

Etymology
→ →

From.

Noun

 * : a grand chancellor in the ancient Chinese imperial government

title: 相国


text:
orteil

Etymology
Alteration, probably under influence of 🇨🇬 cf. 🇨🇬, of, from , from. Compare 🇨🇬. , a learned borrowing.

Noun

 * 1) toe

title: orteil


text:
schering

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  warp – a set of lengthwise yarns through which the woof is woven crosswise

title: schering


text:
палець

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) finger digit of the hand, including the thumb
 * 2) toe digit of the foot
 * 3) part of a glove covering a finger

title: палець


text: Liběna

title: Liběna


text:
Saskie

Etymology
.

title: Saskie


text: Bohumír

title: Bohumír


text:
Bohdan

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

title: Bohdan


text:
贊拜

Verb

 * 1)  to formally pay homage to the emperor while in his presence during an audience at court

title: 贊拜


text: 赞拜

title: 赞拜


text: Evžen

title: Evžen


text:
hulpwerkwoord

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  auxiliary verb (a helping verb)

title: hulpwerkwoord


text:
لحاء

Noun

 * 1) bark, rind; bast

title: لحاء


text:
Tibor

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

Etymology
From.

Etymology
.

title: Tibor


text:
Sáva

Etymology
From the name of saints venerated in the Eastern Orthodox Church, called Sabbas in English.

Proper noun

 * 1) Sava river

title: Sáva


text:
gjethe

Etymology
Plurale tantum; from pluralising suffix. More at.

Noun

 * 1) leaf
 * 2) foliage
 * 3) blade of a woodplane

title: gjethe


text:
Otmar

Etymology
. Ultimately from, from a compound of and.

Etymology
From, ultimately from , from a compound of and. Compare 🇨🇬.

title: Otmar


text:
Hilfsverb

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  auxiliary verb, helping verb

Usage notes

 * Construed narrowly, this excludes modal verbs, but often they are included.

Hyponyms

 * (modales Hilfsverb)

title: Hilfsverb


text: Mahulena

title: Mahulena


text:
पत्ता

Etymology
From. .

Noun

 * 1) leaf
 * 2) leaflet
 * 3) playing card; card
 * 4) paddle
 * 1) playing card; card
 * 2) paddle
 * 1) paddle
 * 1) paddle

Noun

 * 1) address of a place

title: पत्ता


text:
Romana

Etymology
From, from.

title: Romana


text: Cecílie

title: Cecílie


text:
Klement

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

title: Klement


text: Xenie

title: Xenie


text: Zina

title: Zina


text: Ισπανός

title: Ισπανός


text:
Svatoslav

Etymology
elements meaning "sacred" and "glory". Cognate with 🇨🇬.

title: Svatoslav


text:
Telefax

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) fax

title: Telefax


text:
Ambrož

Etymology
, from.

title: Ambrož


text:
Benjamín

Etymology
, from, from.

Etymology
From, from , from.

Etymology
, from, from.

Etymology
From, from , from.

Proper noun

 * 1)  Benjamin

title: Benjamín


text: Květoslava

title: Květoslava


text:
Vratislav

Etymology
Equivalent to

title: Vratislav


text:
User:LUUSAP~enwiktionary/free*

Etymology
From the use of asterisks in advertising to refer to caveats in fine print.

Adjective

 * 1)  Purportedly free, but with strings attached.
 * The chair wasn't free, but rather free*; you had to buy a table in order to get it.

title: User:LUUSAP~enwiktionary/free*


text:
firrinde

Noun

 * 1) bird

title: firrinde


text: Lýdie

title: Lýdie


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pṓds

Etymology
From earlier, from.

Noun

 * 1)  foot

Inflection
The categorisation as acrostatic is based on the assumption that earlier oblique forms were in root-accented *péd-.

Descendants

 * Anatolian:
 * Armenian:
 * Hellenic:
 * (abl. sg.)
 * (from dual )
 * Armenian:
 * Hellenic:
 * (abl. sg.)
 * (from dual )
 * Hellenic:
 * (abl. sg.)
 * (from dual )
 * Hellenic:
 * (abl. sg.)
 * (from dual )
 * Hellenic:
 * (abl. sg.)
 * (from dual )
 * (abl. sg.)
 * (from dual )
 * (abl. sg.)
 * (from dual )
 * (from dual )
 * (from dual )

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pṓds


text: Radana

title: Radana


text:
balinde

Noun

 * 1) bird

title: balinde


text:
çivîk

Noun

 * 1) sparrow

title: çivîk


text: Radan

title: Radan


text:
ecophagy

Noun

 * 1) The consuming of ecosystems by nanotechnology that has gone awry.

Related terms

 * ecocide

title: ecophagy


text:
çûçik

Etymology 1
Compare.

Adjective

 * 1) small, little

Noun

 * 1) child
 * 2) a baby boy's penis
 * 1) a baby boy's penis
 * 1) a baby boy's penis

title: çûçik


text:
Albína

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

title: Albína


text:
teyr

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  bird

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) bird, large bird
 * 2) eagle

title: teyr


text:
tilûr

Noun

 * 1) turtledove
 * 2) rook
 * 3) dove

title: tilûr


text:
worm lizard

Alternative forms

 * worm-lizard

Noun

 * 1) Any of many small limbless burrowing tropical squamate reptiles, of the family  or of the superfamily or suborder Amphisbaenia, that resemble worms.

Translations

 * Japanese: 蚯蚓蜥蜴
 * Navajo: naʼashǫ́ʼii bijáád ádinígíí
 * Russian: двуходка,

title: worm lizard


text:
Natálie

Related terms

 * See

title: Natálie


text: Šimon

title: Šimon


text: Vlasta

title: Vlasta


text:
പക്ഷി

Etymology
or.

Noun

 * 1) bird

title: പക്ഷി


text:
Žaneta

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

title: Žaneta


text: Bohumila

title: Bohumila


text: Judita

title: Judita


text: Silvestr

title: Silvestr


text: Radmila

title: Radmila


text:
шувуу

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) bird (animal)

title: шувуу


text:
Talk:tener calor

tener calor
This is not idiomatic. It might be an open question how to handle the translation, but I don't think this is the way to do it. The Spanish Wikcionario does not have an entry, and some day I'd like to defer this sort of question for foreign terms to the respective Wiktionary. DAVilla 13:39, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

 * The phrase tener calor is an idiomatic phrase. If you were to say "Estoy calor" instead of "Tengo calor" you would end up making absolutely no sense.

 * A quick reference I got from googling "tener calor" is this page where it describes the idiomatic usage of tener.

 * Bearingbreaker92 18:15, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Yes, it is idiomatic. Many Spanish uses of tener involve a completely different idiom than English.  If you say "Estoy calor" (I am hot), people will look at you funny.  You have to use tener to say "Tengo calor" (I have heat) in Spanish.  This doesn't hold for all descriptions of condition, as most of the time one uses estar, e.g. "Estoy cansado" (I am tired) or "Estoy listo" (I am ready).  The combination tener calor is therefore is idiomatic for Spanish. In any case, I wouldn't advise using the Spanish Wikcionario for comparison because they're behind us in the coverage of Spanish vocabulary.  I've found that I'm more likely to be able to look up a Spanish word here than there.  When I can't find it here, I use the RAE.  In any case, Larousse's Spanish/English Gran Diccionario includes tener calor as a "figurative" entry, so the French think it's idiomatic enough to specifically note.--EncycloPetey 20:22, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I could swear this is the opposite of the argument you made above, at in the hospital. Previously you seemed to be saying that what makes a phrase idiomatic isn't whether you'd know to formulate it that way, but whether presented with it so formulated, you'd understand what it meant. In this light, I'm really not sure tener calor is at all idiomatic; the only reason to keep the entry would be so hot can just say "see tener calor" in place of attempting a Spanish translation. —RuakhTALK 22:55, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

 * It's not the opposite of the argument, it's coming at the argument from the other direction and meeting in the middle. An idiom can be idiomatic because you wouldn't know how to construct it, or it can be an idiom becasue you wouldn't know how to interpret it.  Either way, you end up with an unexpected construction, i.e. an idiom. --EncycloPetey 00:14, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

 * So how will we go about solving this? Will using a few sources from the internet provide proof enough, or shall we talk to a native speaker of both languages?  Bearingbreaker92 23:28, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

 * The opening sentence of CFI states: "A term should be included if it's likely that someone would run across it and want to know what it means." The construction tener calor forms part of the first course of every Spanish language instructional book I've seen.  It appears as an entry in a major bilingual dictionary.  Now, it is true that the Collins Spanish Dictionary lists the expression under tener, but the only explanation given is "used in expresssions with certain nouns".  What follows is a list of specific expressions in bold (like tener calor) with the translation given separately for each one.  What are the other expressions lumped together under that "explanation"?: tener 7 años to be 7, to be 7 years old; tener hambre to be hungry; tener mucha sed to be very thirsty; tener calor to be hot, along with references for tener cuidado to take care; tener celos to act with zeal.  Each of these could be called a specific definition of tener, but each works only in conjunction with the specified additional word.  When a definition works only in combination with another "word" we've tended in the past to give it a separate entry because it's a set phrase.  --EncycloPetey 00:14, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

 * These arguments are not well founded. "Estar calor" does not mean "I am hot", it means "I am heat", and with the wrong copula I would imagine. The word in Spanish for hot is caliente, which probably needs a gloss to be a little more narrowly defined than what we have, since the definition of hot that's applicable to this case is "Of a person or animal, feeling the sensation of heat, especially to the point of discomfort." The translation on that page very clearly states that there is no equivalent in Spanish, and in fact already gives "tener calor" as a work-around. So what if the Spanish literally say "I have heat"? That sounds funny in English, but it's no more idiomatic than be hot. DAVilla 00:55, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Your argument lacks basis. It seems to say that "Well the Spanish expression sounds funny, but so does English so everyhting is fine."  It doesn't address the basis for calling the expression idiomatic or not.

 * Firstly, let me clear up the minor points "Soy calor" would mean "I am heat." The verb estar is normally used to express temporary conditions of description or location: "Estoy cansado" (I am tired), "Estoy listo" (I am ready).  Saying "Estar calor" would only make sense if you were able to convert your body from matter to energy and back.  The verb ser is used to express composition, origin, or unchangebale features: "Soy Americano" (I am American), "Soy moreno" (I am dark-haried/complected).  No copula is used here.

 * Secondly, "I am hot" has two very different meanings in English. One is an indication of experiencing uncomfortable warmth, the other is a vain expression of physical beauty.  In Spanish, the former is "Tengo calor" while the latter is "Soy caliente." The latter is an expected construction of description following a form of the verb meaning "to be".  The former is an unexpected construction both in English and in Spanish.  It has to be learned as an expression, not as its components.  The construction "be hot" follows a regular general pattern.  There is nothing at all unusual in that, as this is a common standard construction in English and in many European languages.  Spanish normally uses this construction as well as can be seen in "Soy caliente" or "Estoy cansado".  Both interpretations of the English sentence "I am hot" use this same "be + adjective" construction.

 * Thirdly, while Spanish normally uses this construction, there are a small handful of exceptions. There are certain Spanish expressions of condition that use tener "to have" instead of estar "to be".  This is an unexpected construction for Romance languages, for English, and as far as I am aware for most languages in Europe besides.  This makes tener calor more idiomatic than be hot.  Thus, in English the grammar is different, which is why saying "I am hot" to describe oneself is not idiomatic in English.  We have an adjective that describes being uncomfortably warm, and it is used as a predicate adjective following be to express condition.  Spanish has no means of expressing this particular condition in the usual way.  Instead, they use an unexpected construction involving an unusual choice of verb.   This pattern has to be taught specifically as an exception, and it has to be learned as a unit in Spanish courses.  When a construction is unexpected, and has to be learned as a unit, it is idiomatic and deserves inclusion. --EncycloPetey 01:42, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

 * For clarification I do not think it sounds funny in Spanish, but if it is an exception as you claim, then very well. I would feel more comfortable though if the entry were added at Spanish Wikcionario as well.
 * By the way, what's the copula in Spanish? If not both, would have at least thought it was ser. DAVilla 01:49, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

 * A copula is an auxillary verb, according to our own definition and no helping verb is used in these constructions. I have checked the OED now, and find that we are missing the sense that you obviously intended.  So, I have to amend what I said earlier.  Spanish has two copulae: ser and estar.  The verb estar comes from Latin stō (stāre), which meant "stand, remain" and its Spanish descendant is the equivalent of "to exist", which in English is usually expressed with a form of be.  The verb ser is a descendant of Latin sum.  That verb is closer in meaning to English be, but also carried the sense of "exist" that the Spanish segregated to estar. Both ser and estar can take a simple subject and a predicate adjective; the choice is primarily dependant on whether the condition described is temporary or durable. --EncycloPetey 02:05, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

 * If anything, the English form be hungry and be thirsty is the odd one out. For bodily feelings in both English and Spanish have and tener are the norm. I have or tengo a pain, a feeling, an ache, an itch, etc. But suddenly, in English only, we use be for hunger and thirst, heat and cold. As tener is a regular standard in Spanish for all these things, then I have to say NO to the idea that tener with frio, calor, hambre, sed are in any way idiomatic. They are to do with how one feels in ones own body. If you touch another person whose hand feels cold, you would say estas frio. or you would ask ¿tienes frio?. Furthermore, we do also have the usage in English I have (a) thirst and I have (a) hunger, which sounds a bit archaic, but is often found in phrases such as I've a thirst you could cut with a knife, as well as idiomatic uses such as have a thirst, or a hunger, for knowledge. And in Spanish you can equally use estoy hambriento / hambriendo. estoy muerto de frio. etc. But for a real idiomatic use, see estoy caliente !! 13:42, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Hmmm...none of those uses appear on our entry for have, and our entry for tener is pathetic (but still better than es:tener). Let me ask it this way:  If you remove tener calor would you delete or keep hacer calor?  Both of these expressions could translate literally into English as "have heat", but neither one would accurately be expressed that way in English.  Each has an entirely different meaning. If you remove expressions like tener sed how would you explain that in Latin America some speakers use hacer sed instead?

 * More importantly, how would you explain which internal feelings are expressed with tener and which ones are not? You would not express most internal feelings of tiredness or emotion in Spanish or English that way. "I have tiredness", "I have happiness", etc. are highly abnormal in both Spanish and English. And "I have a pain" or "I have an ache" sound archaic in the extreme.  Most Americans (at least) would say "My X hurts" or "I've got an itch".  The use of tener / have in these situations is highly specific to certain feelings or conditions, not to all of them in general.  And as I stated before, this is the hallmark of a set phrase. --EncycloPetey 17:24, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

 * If you look at this page you will not find any reference to tener calor as an idiom. The RAE is supposed to be the definition of modern day Spanish. Algrif 17:18, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Then please tell me which definition of tener covers constructions like this. Answer, definition (12):
 * 12. experimentar Tener cuidado, vergüenza, miedo, hambre, calor, nervios.
 * That's hardly a stellar definition. It provides a single synonym and then lists words that are used in the construction. --EncycloPetey 17:24, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

 * You beat me to it. I was about to say the same. experimentar. Don't forget that the RAE is considered to be definitive.Algrif 17:29, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Supposed to be yes, but it isn't. I've noticed for instance that they completely omit proper nouns, including names of countries.  If you'll look at the lists of words Hippietrail has collected from Central America, you'll see that he's marked many as "not in RAE". --EncycloPetey 17:34, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

 * As for "I have an ache" sound archaic in the extreme. I have a head ache, tooth ache, etc etc. I've got = I have an itch. Nothing archaic about any of that. Also, I think it is a huge mistake to make a literal translation, state That sounds odd in English It is the way to do it in Spanish. Hacer calor means  It's hot. Is that idiomatic in English? You would have to make the same case in both languages. Algrif 17:42, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

 * BTW Hippietrail didnt check the DICCIONARIO PANHISPÁNICO DE DUDAS http://www.rae.es/ Apéndice 5: Lista de países y capitales, con sus gentilicios. Algrif 18:07, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

 * You're confusing two separate statements I made. one statement was about country names, the other statetment was about words Hippietrail has found are not included in the RAE.  Those are two separate issues. --EncycloPetey 18:14, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I would be interested to see this list. Where is it? ..... But what has this to do with tener calor? Lots of dictionaries do not have certain entries which one might expect to be there. But what the RAE main dictionary and Diccionario de Dudas (which work together as a complimentary pair) does demonstrate is that tener calor is NOT considered to be an idiom in Spanish. Neither does Collins, BTW. Can you find any dictionary that does?

 * Did you look at what Collins does do to handle tener calor? It says under "definition" 2 of tener (in Spanish: "In phrases with certain nouns" and then goes on to list a bunch of unrelated expressions.  I'd hardly call that evidence for not meriting a separate entry—quite the contrary, in fact.  We have a "POS" header for Phrase. --EncycloPetey 21:20, 7 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Let's look a little closer at the use of these verbs ser estar and tener in Spanish. Soy calor would translate as I am (the personification of) heat. Equivalent to the Bible entries Dios es amor God is love. Estar as stated above, needs to be followed by the adjective. Estoy caloroso is acceptable use. But the meaning is translated as I am a warm (characteristic), or approachable, person. Estoy caliente has an unfortunate idiomatic use, and that is the only reason you do not usually use it. But it does also mean I am (literally) hot. In otherwords, I have a temperature above the normal that can be measured. Estar + caliente refers to temperature only. ¡No toques el sarten! ¡Está caliente!. Which leaves us with how to express bodily sensations. The Spanish use tener. Tengo calor is the ONLY way to say I feel hot. without saying I have a fever and without saying I am a warm, loving person and without saying I am the embodiment of heat and without saying I feel randy. Sorry, but it cannot, in any way that I can see, be an idiomatic phrase. And other reference works support me in this. Algrif 13:07, 7 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I vote delete. Although I understand where EP's coming from, I think if you call this idiomatic you have to have an idiomatic entry for English be hot.  To me the way to deal with this is to vastly improve our page for tener (and also for be).  Widsith 14:07, 7 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Agree delete. Also worth reading what DAVilla said at the top.Algrif 15:56, 7 July 2007 (UTC)

If we delete this, then do we actually delete it or convert it to a redirect, the way we do with variations of expressions? This is one that shows up in all the introductory texts (I have one in from of me that discusses tener calor under a section entitled "Idiomatic uses of tener", by the way). Also, assuming this is deleted for the moment, please take a look at my expansion of our entry for tener (and for a laugh, compare it with es:tener). There are still many definitions of this verb that aren't in yet. Among Spanish verbs, I think only estar, hacer, ir, and ser might have longer entries in the RAE than tener. I've so far only put in the most frequent uses I've encountered. --EncycloPetey 21:12, 7 July 2007 (UTC)

 * A redirect would seem to be appropriate, given the fact that this discussion is not entirely concluded and will probably run for a while yet. I like your additions EP. And, yes, something needs to be done about es (!!!) Algrif 11:05, 8 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Outstanding improvements to tener, nice one. Widsith 09:29, 9 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Redirected, discussion appears to have ended. -- Visviva 12:40, 8 October 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:tener calor


text:
pássaro

Etymology
From, from , from , ultimately from , from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) a bird animal, especially a small one
 * 2) passerine any bird of the order
 * 1) passerine any bird of the order
 * 1) passerine any bird of the order

title: pássaro


text: Bohdana

title: Bohdana


text:
Edita

Etymology
.

title: Edita


text:
ptič

Noun

 * 1)  bird (animal)

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) bird (animal)

title: ptič


text: Doubravka

title: Doubravka


text: Běla

title: Běla


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wréh₂ds

Noun

 * 1)  root

Descendants

 * (< *wr̥h₂dnyo-)
 * Armenian:
 * Celtic:
 * < *wr̥h₂dyo-
 * < *wr̥d-m-
 * < *wr̥d-n-
 * (genitive )
 * Hellenic:
 * (< *wredih₂-), "branch" (< *wreh₂dih₂-)
 * Indo-Iranian:
 * Iranian:
 * Italic:
 * Italic:
 * Italic:
 * Tocharian:
 * (< *wr̥di-k-eh₂, with loss of -r-)
 * Hellenic:
 * (< *wredih₂-), "branch" (< *wreh₂dih₂-)
 * Indo-Iranian:
 * Iranian:
 * Italic:
 * Italic:
 * Italic:
 * Tocharian:
 * (< *wr̥di-k-eh₂, with loss of -r-)
 * Italic:
 * Italic:
 * Italic:
 * Tocharian:
 * (< *wr̥di-k-eh₂, with loss of -r-)
 * Tocharian:
 * (< *wr̥di-k-eh₂, with loss of -r-)
 * (< *wr̥di-k-eh₂, with loss of -r-)


text:
Milena

Etymology
From.

Etymology
From.

title: Milena


text:
Zora

Etymology
.

title: Zora


text:
Otýlie

Etymology
Cognate to 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

title: Otýlie


text: Zdislava

title: Zdislava


text: Nela

title: Nela


text: Dobromila

title: Dobromila


text:
Vanda

Etymology
, from ,

Hypernyms

 * ; - subfamily;  - tribe;  - subtribe

Hyponyms

 * - type species; for other species see

Etymology
.

Etymology
First recorded as a given name of Latvians in the end of the 19th century. From.

Etymology 1
From.

title: Vanda


text: Milada

title: Milada


text: Apolena

title: Apolena


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂stḗr

Etymology
Apparently from, so that the result literally meant “glower, shiner”. Compare.

Noun

 * 1)  star

Descendants

 * Armenian:
 * Armenian:


text:
kwota

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) share, amount, part

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) amount, sum, figure
 * 2)  quota
 * 3)  amount, number
 * 1)  amount, number
 * 1)  amount, number

title: kwota


text:
Božena

Etymology
.

title: Božena


text: Slavěna

title: Slavěna


text:
Jiřina

Etymology
Feminine form of. Comparable to English Georgina and Georgia.

title: Jiřina


text: Miloslava

title: Miloslava


text: Gizela

title: Gizela


text:
Dorota

Etymology
.

title: Dorota


text:
Stela

Etymology
..

title: Stela


text:
toprak

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, etc.

Noun

 * 1) earth (soil)
 * 2) dry soil
 * 3) land
 * 4) country

title: toprak


text:
köra med

Etymology
Literally, "drive with".

Verb

 * 1)  push around, bully, browbeat
 * 2)  pull somebody's leg, tease

title: köra med


text:
Jahrbuch

Etymology
🇰🇲. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) yearbook

title: Jahrbuch


text: CPFT

title: CPFT


text: Františka

title: Františka


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱḗr

Reconstruction
The nominative singular form is underlyingly, yielding the surface form which is itself evident in Ancient Greek  and Hittite. This reconstruction is the only instance in PIE where a loss of */d/ after */r/ with compensatory lengthening of the preceding vowel occurred. It is not clear whether this is an isolated example, or a part of a broader process such as.

Noun

 * 1)  heart

Descendants

fr:Annexe:indo-européen commun/*ḱḗr *ḱḗr

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱḗr


text: Viktorie

title: Viktorie


text:
Makkaroni

Noun

 * 1) macaroni

title: Makkaroni


text: Anděla

title: Anděla


text: Category:de:Natural resources

title: Category:de:Natural resources


text: hirren

title: hirren


text: hirttä

title: hirttä


text: hirressä

title: hirressä


text: hirrestä

title: hirrestä


text:
hirteen

Adverb

 * 1)  hanged into a state of being executed by hanging

title: hirteen


text: Růžena

title: Růžena


text: hirrellä

title: hirrellä


text: hirreltä

title: hirreltä


text: hirrelle

title: hirrelle


text: hirtenä

title: hirtenä


text: hirreksi

title: hirreksi


text: hirrettä

title: hirrettä


text:
Rút

Proper noun

 * 1)  Ruth (book of the Bible)
 * 1)  Ruth (book of the Bible)

Proper noun

 * 1)  Ruth (book of the Bible)

Etymology
.

title: Rút


text:
Niagarafälle

Proper noun

 * 1) Niagara Falls

title: Niagarafälle


text: hirsien

title: hirsien


text: hirtten

title: hirtten


text: hirsiä

title: hirsiä


text: hirsissä

title: hirsissä


text: hirsistä

title: hirsistä


text:
Niagara Falls

Etymology
Niagara + Falls (waterfall)
 * The cities are named after the waterfalls they are located next to.

Proper noun

 * 1) ; Massive s located on the.
 * 2) ; near the Falls.
 * 3) ; near the Falls.
 * 1) ; near the Falls.
 * 2) ; near the Falls.
 * 1) ; near the Falls.
 * 1) ; near the Falls.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: Niagara-waterval
 * Albanian: Ujëvarat e Niagarës
 * Amharic: ናያግራ ፏፏቴዎች
 * Arabic: شلالات نياجارا, شلالات نياغارا
 * Armenian: Նիագարայի ջրվեժ
 * Azerbaijani: Niaqara şəlaləsi
 * Basque: Niagarako ur-jauziak
 * Belarusian: Ніягарскі вадаспад
 * Bengali: নায়াগ্রা জলপ্রপাত
 * Breton: Lammoù-dour an Niagara
 * Bulgarian: Ниагарски водопад, Ниагара
 * Burmese: နိုင်အာဂရာ ရေတံခွန်
 * Catalan: cascades del Niàgara
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 尼亞加拉瀑布
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: Niagarské vodopády
 * Danish: Niagaravandfaldene
 * Dutch: Niagarawatervallen
 * Esperanto: Niagara Akvofalaro
 * Estonian: Niagara juka
 * Finnish: Niagaran putoukset
 * French: chutes du Niagara, chutes Niagara
 * Galician: Cataratas do Niágara
 * Georgian: ნიაგარის ჩანჩქერი
 * German:
 * Greek: Καταρράκτες του Νιαγάρα
 * Hebrew: מפלי ניאגרה
 * Hindi: नायाग्रा जल प्रपात
 * Hungarian: Niagara-vízesés
 * Icelandic: Níagara-fossar
 * Indonesian: Air Terjun Niagara
 * Irish: Eas Niagara
 * Italian: cascate del Niagara
 * Japanese: ナイアガラの滝
 * Kannada: ನಯಾಗರ ಜಲಪಾತ
 * Kazakh: Ниагара сарқырамасы
 * Korean: 나이아가라 폭포
 * Kyrgyz: Ниагара шаркыратмасы
 * Lao: ນ້ຳຕົກຕາດນີອາກາລາ
 * Latvian: Niagāras ūdenskritums
 * Lithuanian: Niagaros krioklys
 * Macedonian: Нијага́рски Водо́пади
 * Malay: Air Terjun Niagara
 * Malayalam: നയാഗ്ര വെള്ളച്ചാട്ടം
 * Marathi: नायगारा धबधबा
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: Niagarafallene
 * Nynorsk: Niagarafalla
 * Persian: آبشارهای نیاگارا
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: Cataratas do Niágara
 * Punjabi: ਨਿਆਗਰਾ ਝਰਨਾ
 * Romanian: Cascada Niagara
 * Russian: Ниага́рский водопа́д
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: Нијагарини водопади, Слапови Ниагаре
 * Roman: Nijagarini vodopadi, Slapovi Niagare
 * Slovak: Niagarské vodopády
 * Slovene: Niagarski slapovi
 * Spanish: cataratas del Niágara
 * Swedish: Niagarafallen
 * Tamil: நயாகரா அருவி
 * Telugu: నయాగరా జలపాతం
 * Thai: น้ำตกไนแอการา
 * Turkish: Niagara Şelaleleri
 * Ukrainian: Ніага́рський водоспа́д
 * Uzbek: Niagara sharsharasi
 * Vietnamese: thác Niagara
 * Welsh: Rhaeadr Niagara
 * West Frisian: Niagarawetterfal, Niagarawetterfallen

 * French: Niagara Falls
 * German: Niagara Falls
 * Japanese: ナイアガラ・フォールズ, ナイアガラフォールズ
 * Mohawk: Tkaniá:taren’s
 * Polish:

title: Niagara Falls


text: hirsiin

title: hirsiin


text:
soga'imiti

Noun

 * 1) The traditional Samoan tattoo, used for the duty of a high chief to get a male tattoo.

title: soga'imiti


text: hirsillä

title: hirsillä


text:
Matylda

Etymology
, from +.

title: Matylda


text: hirsiltä

title: hirsiltä


text: hirsille

title: hirsille


text: hirsinä

title: hirsinä


text: hirsiksi

title: hirsiksi


text: hirsin

title: hirsin


text: hirsittä

title: hirsittä


text: hirsineen

title: hirsineen


text:
kantta

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to carry
 * 2) to calve of a cow; bear calves
 * 3) to stay standing, to stay upright

title: kantta


text: kannessa

title: kannessa


text: kannesta

title: kannesta


text: kanteen

title: kanteen


text:
Niagara River

Proper noun

 * 1) A river in North America flowing to the north from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario and including the Niagara Falls.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 尼亞加拉河
 * Esperanto: Niagaro
 * Finnish:, Niagara-joki
 * Macedonian: Нијага́ра
 * Mohawk: Oniahkarà:ke
 * Polish:
 * Swedish: Niagarafloden

title: Niagara River


text: kannelta

title: kannelta


text: kannelle

title: kannelle


text:
kantena

Adjective

 * , which is
 * , which is

title: kantena


text: kanneksi

title: kanneksi


text: kannetta

title: kannetta


text: Světlana

title: Světlana


text: kansien

title: kansien


text: kantten

title: kantten


text: kansia

title: kansia


text:
Ivona

Related terms

 * (male)

Etymology
, from.

title: Ivona


text: kansissa

title: kansissa


text: kansista

title: kansista


text: kansiin

title: kansiin


text: kansilla

title: kansilla


text: kansilta

title: kansilta


text: kansille

title: kansille


text: kansina

title: kansina


text: kansiksi

title: kansiksi


text: kansin

title: kansin


text: kansitta

title: kansitta


text: kansineen

title: kansineen


text:
Soňa

Etymology
, from. Cognate to English Sonya.

title: Soňa


text:
köra

Etymology 1
From, from , from ,. More at.

Verb

 * 1) to drive ((of) a (motorized) vehicle)
 * 2) to run (machinery or the like – or sometimes in a more general sense by extension)
 * 3)  to run, to execute
 * 4)  to drive (push)
 * 5) to drive, to run ((usually) away, out, or the like – get to leave, by commanding to leave, through physical means, or the like)
 * 6)  to go for (a particular option or the like) (not to be confused with  as a particle verb)
 * 7)  to do (utilize or the like)
 * 8)  to go, to do it
 * 9)  to flunk, to fail (an exam or the like)
 * 1)  to run, to execute
 * 2)  to drive (push)
 * 3) to drive, to run ((usually) away, out, or the like – get to leave, by commanding to leave, through physical means, or the like)
 * 4)  to go for (a particular option or the like) (not to be confused with  as a particle verb)
 * 5)  to do (utilize or the like)
 * 6)  to go, to do it
 * 7)  to flunk, to fail (an exam or the like)
 * 1)  to drive (push)
 * 2) to drive, to run ((usually) away, out, or the like – get to leave, by commanding to leave, through physical means, or the like)
 * 3)  to go for (a particular option or the like) (not to be confused with  as a particle verb)
 * 4)  to do (utilize or the like)
 * 5)  to go, to do it
 * 6)  to flunk, to fail (an exam or the like)
 * 1) to drive, to run ((usually) away, out, or the like – get to leave, by commanding to leave, through physical means, or the like)
 * 2)  to go for (a particular option or the like) (not to be confused with  as a particle verb)
 * 3)  to do (utilize or the like)
 * 4)  to go, to do it
 * 5)  to flunk, to fail (an exam or the like)
 * 1)  to go for (a particular option or the like) (not to be confused with  as a particle verb)
 * 2)  to do (utilize or the like)
 * 3)  to go, to do it
 * 4)  to flunk, to fail (an exam or the like)
 * 1)  to do (utilize or the like)
 * 2)  to go, to do it
 * 3)  to flunk, to fail (an exam or the like)
 * 1)  to go, to do it
 * 2)  to flunk, to fail (an exam or the like)
 * 1)  to go, to do it
 * 2)  to flunk, to fail (an exam or the like)
 * 1)  to flunk, to fail (an exam or the like)
 * 1)  to flunk, to fail (an exam or the like)
 * 1)  to flunk, to fail (an exam or the like)

Etymology 2
From the noun, from.

Verb

 * 1) to sing in a choir
 * 2) to sing as a backing vocalist

title: köra


text:
Miroslava

Etymology
Feminine form of.

title: Miroslava


text: Vendula

title: Vendula


text:
Hermína

Etymology
Cognate to 🇨🇬 and.

title: Hermína


text:
Ema

Etymology
.

title: Ema


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ówis

Etymology
Lycian and Tocharian reflexes necessarily point to. However, this noun is usually reconstructed as in order to "account for the Anatolian and Armenian h- and for pervasive o-vocalism, in spite of the Tocharian form, which then remains unexplained" (Lubotsky). Alternatively, acrostatic ablauting ~  paradigm can be reconstructed (such as the one presented here in the declension table), and then one can "assume that the attested forms have the o-vocalism of the former variant, and the h- of the latter" (Lubotsky). Compare with Hebrew and Arabic.

R. A. Pooth argues that the word has the original meaning "one who produces clothing (from wool)". See.

Noun

 * 1)  sheep

Derived terms

 * *h₂ówi-leh₂
 * *h₂owi-keh₂
 * *h₂owi-gh₂ryos
 * *h₂owi-keh₂
 * *h₂owi-gh₂ryos
 * *h₂owi-keh₂
 * *h₂owi-gh₂ryos
 * *h₂owi-gh₂ryos
 * *h₂owi-gh₂ryos
 * *h₂owi-gh₂ryos
 * *h₂owi-gh₂ryos
 * *h₂owi-gh₂ryos

Descendants
Many languages (Germanic, Tocharian) show a semantic shift from "sheep" (male or female) to "ewe".

In Balto-Slavic, the PIE root was generalized to form both the nouns for sheep and ram via the usual derivative suffixes, but only the sheep sense is listed here for all of them except for Old Prussian in which the sheep word wasn't recorded. See further on the.

 * Armenian:
 * Armenian:
 * Armenian:
 * Armenian:
 * Armenian:
 * Armenian:
 * Armenian:
 * Armenian:
 * Armenian:


text:
Darja

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Etymology
First recorded as a given name of Latvians in the end of the 19th century. From.

title: Darja


text:
Izabela

Etymology
..

title: Izabela


text:
Anastázie

Etymology
, from.

title: Anastázie


text: Marcela

title: Marcela


text: Aulikki

title: Aulikki


text:
Auli

Proper noun

 * , short form of Aurelia

Etymology
A short form of.

title: Auli


text: Evženie

title: Evženie


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁nómn̥

Etymology
Kloekhorst 2008:518 argues for a derivative of the root, reflected in  (originally “to call to court”) and  (with a semantic shift comparable to ); see also.

Within the disputed Indo-Uralic theory, it has been connected with the Uralic root, whence , and.

Reconstruction
Sources disagree on the reconstruction of this word. Some reconstruct it with initial *h₃- because of Greek, and  (*n̥h₃C>νωC), but the lack of an initial laryngeal in Hittite  might suggest *h₁ (although the fate of word-initial *h₃ in Anatolian is unclear and controversial), and Armenian  could be from either one. The Greek o- could be due to assimilation to the following o-, just as in, from *odonts, assimilated from *edonts, from *h₁dont-, although this is now reconstructed with *h₃ by some authorities. Medial *-eh₃- is sometimes reconstructed on the basis of length in some Dutch and Low German denominal verbs, but these are more likely to be late forms using the Germanic a/ō ablaut found also in class VI strong verbs (and in Indo-Iranian it could have arisen by Brugmann's law, and in Latin by the analogy :  =  :, with the other forms from PIE ).

The original paradigm is also somewhat difficult to reconstruct precisely; it might be proterokinetic ablauting ~, or just acrostatic with or without zero grade in weak cases. The Tocharian forms seem to come from *(h₁)nem-, which could be from the oblique form in an acrostatic paradigm. However, Ronald Kim reconstructs 🇨🇬 as.

Alternative reconstructions

 * *h₃néh₃mn̥ ~ *h₃nh₃méns
 * *nómn̥ ~ *n̥méns
 * *h₁nḗh₃mn̥ ~ *h₁néh₃mnos
 * *h₁néh₃mn̥
 * *h₃nómn̥

Noun

 * 1) name

Derived terms

 * *h₃nómn̥-ye-ti
 * *n̥-h₃nomn-o-
 * *n̥-h₃nomn-o-
 * *n̥-h₃nomn-o-

Descendants

 * , êmën
 * Doric: Ἐνυμα-κρατίδας, Ἐνυμα-ντιάδας
 * Doric: Ἐνυμα-κρατίδας, Ἐνυμα-ντιάδας
 * Doric: Ἐνυμα-κρατίδας, Ἐνυμα-ντιάδας
 * Doric: Ἐνυμα-κρατίδας, Ἐνυμα-ντιάδας
 * Doric: Ἐνυμα-κρατίδας, Ἐνυμα-ντιάδας
 * Doric: Ἐνυμα-κρατίδας, Ἐνυμα-ντιάδας
 * Doric: Ἐνυμα-κρατίδας, Ἐνυμα-ντιάδας
 * Doric: Ἐνυμα-κρατίδας, Ἐνυμα-ντιάδας
 * Doric: Ἐνυμα-κρατίδας, Ἐνυμα-ντιάδας
 * Doric: Ἐνυμα-κρατίδας, Ἐνυμα-ντιάδας
 * Doric: Ἐνυμα-κρατίδας, Ἐνυμα-ντιάδας
 * Doric: Ἐνυμα-κρατίδας, Ἐνυμα-ντιάδας


text: Klaudie

title: Klaudie


text: Blažena

title: Blažena


text: Svatava

title: Svatava


text: Žofie

title: Žofie


text:
labb

Noun

 * 1) saunter, stroll

Etymology
Cf. 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) paw (foot of an animal)

Etymology 1
From dialectal labba ’to walk heavily and clumsily.’

Noun

 * 1) Skua; a seabird in the family.

Etymology 2
Ablaut of 🇨🇬; see. Attested in Swedish at least since the XVII century. Compare 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) A larger paw (on for example a bear)
 * 2)  A big hand
 * 1)  A big hand
 * 1)  A big hand

Usage notes
The more general word for paw is.

Etymology 3
Contraction of

Noun

 * 1)  An experiment conducted in a laboratory, especially within teaching.

Etymology 4
Contraction of

Noun

 * 1)  Lab, laboratory.

title: labb


text:
Aarre

Etymology
Created in the 19th century from. Also, when pronounced without the glottal stop, an old pet form of rare names like, related to German and Swedish ,.

Declension
Less common:

title: Aarre


text:
aspergillosis

Noun

 * 1) Any of various infections by fungi of the genus  that cause granulomatous lesions.

Hyponyms

 * (CPA), aspergilloma, (ABPA).

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * Indonesian: aspergilosis
 * Spanish:

title: aspergillosis


text:
granulomatous

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  Of, pertaining to, or characterised by granulomata

Translations

 * Czech: granulomatózní
 * German: granulomatös
 * Korean: 육아종성

title: granulomatous


text:
Eerikki

Etymology
A vernacular form of.

title: Eerikki


text:
chronic granulomatous disease

Noun

 * 1)  Any of a group of hereditary defects in the ability of some phagocytes to kill certain bacteria; the resulting infection

title: chronic granulomatous disease


text: CGD

title: CGD


text:
Ensio

Etymology
Coined in the 19th century from.

Usage notes

 * Often given as a middle name to a first-born son.

title: Ensio


text:
Talk:dwin

This does not mean I; rather, it is just three Welsh words run together — dw, "am"; i, "I"; and 'n (a contracted form of yn), a grammatical particle that precedes certain types of complements. Having an entry for this is roughly equivalent to having an entry for "I'm a". StradivariusTV 02:30, 23 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I see your point, but it reads like a single word, especially to non-native speakers. We have entries for English words that are compounds of two words, e.g. I'm (I am), roundhouse (round house), shouldn't (should not), etc. The entry should mention it is a compound of three words, probably in the etymology. Thryduulf 07:14, 23 July 2007 (UTC)

 * You could label it as a Contraction. As Thryduulf has noted, we do have entries for those in English, and we have them for other languages as well, e.g. del in Spanish, au in French, and dei in Italian). --EncycloPetey 20:25, 24 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Perhaps some CFI guidelines for combining particles would be helpful. Consider Korean, whose sentences are written with spaces between most words, but not before Korean particles, which are just appended without an intervening space.  Like Welsh, the orthography makes it appear as though Korean words decline with case, but the grammar considers the particle to be separate from the word to which it is appended.  The Welsh yn particle (and other Welsh particles) seems similar to the Korean situation and to the English 's situation.  To avoid the overwhelming task of entering each particle combination for each lemma entry, our unwritten CFI for Korean rejects most combinations of words with particles.  Perhaps an explicit rule should cover the general case of languages with particles.  Rod (A. Smith) 21:02, 15 August 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:dwin


text:
nënë

Etymology
From, from , possibly a Lallwort. Closely related to, cognate to 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) mother
 * 2) grandmother
 * 1) grandmother

title: nënë


text: Category:Welsh contractions

title: Category:Welsh contractions


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰéǵʰōm

Etymology
From.

However, Kloekhorst argues that the Sanskrit and Anatolian evidence point towards a reconstruction of the root as opposed to *dʰeǵʰ- on the basis that:
 * 1) In the Sanskrit oblique stem jm-, -j- must reflect *ǵ-, and cannot reflect *ǵʰ-, which would regularly give -h- in all positions.
 * 2) The long vowel in the Hittite nom. sg. [tēkan] suggests a "voiced unaspirated" (pre-glottalised) velar. See Kloekhorst (2012).
 * 3) The *ǵʰ- reconstructable from Latin, Germanic and Greek can be explained in the glottalic theory as a simplification of the cluster *dʰǵ /dˀɡ/ to *dʰǵʰ /dɡ/. The opposite development is much less likely.

It should be noted, however, that the glottalic theory is not generally accepted.

A phonetically difficult but possible connection is with, with devoicing of *dʰ to *t via.

Noun

 * 1)  earth
 * 2) human

Inflection
According to Ringe:

Notes:
 * Nom. from **dʰéǵʰoms
 * Acc. from **dʰéǵʰomm̥

The Hittite evidence suggests a regular hysterokinetic inflection; Kloekhorst reconstructs the original paradigm as:
 * Nom. sg. *dʰéǵ-m-

 * Acc. sg. *dʰǵ-ém-m

 * Gen. sg. *dʰǵ-m-és

Derived terms

 * *dʰǵʰom-o-
 * *dʰǵʰem-elo-
 * *dʰǵʰom-yos
 * *(dʰ)ǵʰm̥-yéh₂
 * *(dʰ)ǵʰm̥(m)-ṓ
 * *dʰǵʰ(é)m-er
 * (possibly)
 * Eastern Iranian:
 * *dʰǵʰom-yos
 * *(dʰ)ǵʰm̥-yéh₂
 * *(dʰ)ǵʰm̥(m)-ṓ
 * *dʰǵʰ(é)m-er
 * (possibly)
 * Eastern Iranian:
 * *(dʰ)ǵʰm̥(m)-ṓ
 * *dʰǵʰ(é)m-er
 * (possibly)
 * Eastern Iranian:
 * (possibly)
 * Eastern Iranian:
 * Eastern Iranian:
 * Eastern Iranian:

Descendants

 * Armenian:
 * < *ǵʰðʰem-
 * Eastern Iranian:
 * Northeastern Iranian:
 * Sogdo-Bactrian:
 * Southeastern Iranian:
 * Northwestern Iranian:
 * Kurdish:/zavī ~ zawī/
 * Caspian:
 * Old
 * Dari and Iranian
 * Zaza-Gorani:
 * Southwestern Iranian: >
 * Eastern Iranian:
 * Northeastern Iranian:
 * Sogdo-Bactrian:
 * Southeastern Iranian:
 * Northwestern Iranian:
 * Kurdish:/zavī ~ zawī/
 * Caspian:
 * Old
 * Dari and Iranian
 * Zaza-Gorani:
 * Southwestern Iranian: >
 * Northeastern Iranian:
 * Sogdo-Bactrian:
 * Southeastern Iranian:
 * Northwestern Iranian:
 * Kurdish:/zavī ~ zawī/
 * Caspian:
 * Old
 * Dari and Iranian
 * Zaza-Gorani:
 * Southwestern Iranian: >
 * Northwestern Iranian:
 * Kurdish:/zavī ~ zawī/
 * Caspian:
 * Old
 * Dari and Iranian
 * Zaza-Gorani:
 * Southwestern Iranian: >
 * Caspian:
 * Old
 * Dari and Iranian
 * Zaza-Gorani:
 * Southwestern Iranian: >
 * Dari and Iranian
 * Zaza-Gorani:
 * Southwestern Iranian: >
 * Dari and Iranian
 * Zaza-Gorani:
 * Southwestern Iranian: >
 * Dari and Iranian
 * Zaza-Gorani:
 * Southwestern Iranian: >
 * Dari and Iranian
 * Zaza-Gorani:
 * Southwestern Iranian: >
 * Zaza-Gorani:
 * Southwestern Iranian: >
 * Zaza-Gorani:
 * Southwestern Iranian: >
 * Zaza-Gorani:
 * Southwestern Iranian: >
 * Zaza-Gorani:
 * Southwestern Iranian: >
 * Zaza-Gorani:
 * Southwestern Iranian: >
 * Zaza-Gorani:
 * Southwestern Iranian: >
 * Zaza-Gorani:
 * Southwestern Iranian: >
 * Southwestern Iranian: >
 * Southwestern Iranian: >
 * Southwestern Iranian: >


text:
coevolution

Alternative forms

 * co-evolution

Noun

 * 1)  The evolution of organisms of two or more species in which each adapts to changes in the other.

Related terms

 * coevolutionary
 * coevolve
 * evolutionary arms race

Translations

 * Czech: koevoluce
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: coevolução

title: coevolution


text:
dayik

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) mother

title: dayik


text:
Herkko

Etymology
A diminutive of.

title: Herkko


text: co-evolution

title: co-evolution


text:
劍履

Etymology
Ordinarily, shoes and swords would be removed prior to attending an audience with the emperor. The fact that a minister was not required to do so indicated that he was important enough to be above the law.

Adverb

 * 1)  wearing one's straight sword and shoes (when at court)

title: 劍履


text: 剑履

title: 剑履