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Potwin, Kansas

Potwin is a city in Butler County, Kansas, United States. It is named after the town site land owner Charles Potwin. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 421.

Early history
For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau.

19th century
In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre.

In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1855, Butler County was established within the Kansas Territory, which included the land for modern day Potwin.

Potwin was incorporated as a town on April 8, 1885. This land, owned by Charles Potwin, whereby the town received its name, became a station for the Missouri Pacific Railroad, instigated by William I. Joseph, known as the Father of Potwin.

Joseph came from West Virginia and, as more settlers arrived, became interested in a railroad to serve the area. After much diligent pursuit, the station was built and Joseph, a land agent for Charles Potwin, began development of a town site around the Potwin station. He opened a land office where the Potwin grocery now stands.

A post office was established in Ayr (an extinct town) on July 12, 1875, but it was moved to Potwin on September 22, 1885.

It quickly grew, including some businesses and houses from nearby community of Plum Grove.

20th century
During half of the twentieth century, Potwin enjoyed the prosperity of oil fields in the Mid-Continent oil province. In 1920, John (Jack) Vickers (1891–1940) built the Vickers Oil Refinery in Potwin. He got his start in oil fields in Butler County, commencing with the lease on the Parris Farm 10 miles north of Potwin, production reached 16,000 barrels a day during the 1950s. In 1964, distressed economic conditions shut down the oil processing facilities. The company was sold to Swift & Company and the remaining operations were closed in 1970, and later demolished. In 1934, Vickers built a large mansion (named "Vickridge") east of Wichita (now in the city limits), which his estate later become the current site of Kapaun Mt. Carmel High School.

In 1961, Frederic Remington High School was built immediately north of Brainerd. Leading up to this new school, Whitewater, Potwin, Brainerd, Elbing, Furley, Countryside, and Golden Gate schools merged to form a joint rural high school. Heated opposition between Whitewater and Potwin occurred during the discussion for the location of the new high school. Rural voters pushed for a centralized location in neither town. A public vote was passed to build the new school near Brainerd.

From 1960s to 1980s, a Titan II intercontinental ballistic missile site was located north of Potwin. The site was one of eighteen overseen by the 381st Strategic Missile Wing at McConnell Air Force Base in Wichita, Kansas. The Titan II near Potwin likely contained a 9 megaton W-53 nuclear warhead.

21st century
In 2010, the Keystone-Cushing Pipeline (Phase II) was constructed along the east city limits of Potwin, north to south through Butler County, with much controversy over tax exemption and environmental concerns (if a leak ever occurs). A pumping station named Burns was built 2 miles north of Potwin, and new power lines were built from a high-voltage line 0.3 mile east of De Graff.

In an unusual technical glitch, a farmstead about 4 miles northeast of Potwin became the default geolocation of 600 million IP addresses when the Massachusetts-based digital mapping company MaxMind changed the putative geographic center of the contiguous United States from 39.8333333,-98.585522 to 38.0000,-97.0000. Later, the default geolocation was changed to the middle of Cheney Reservoir in Kansas.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.24 sqmi, all of it land.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Potwin has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 421 people, 168 households, and 113 families in Potwin. The population density was 1,791.5 per square mile (691.7/km$2$). There were 195 housing units at an average density of 829.8 per square mile (320.4/km$2$). The racial makeup was 90.74% (382) white or European American (89.07% non-Hispanic white), 0.48% (2) black or African-American, 2.14% (9) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.0% (0) Asian, 0.0% (0) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 0.95% (4) from other races, and 5.7% (24) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 4.75% (20) of the population.

Of the 168 households, 32.7% had children under the age of 18; 44.6% were married couples living together; 27.4% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 29.2% of households consisted of individuals and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.8 and the average family size was 3.4. The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 12.6% of the population.

22.6% of the population was under the age of 18, 9.7% from 18 to 24, 24.5% from 25 to 44, 23.8% from 45 to 64, and 19.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39.4 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.5 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 102.5 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $41,618 (with a margin of error of +/- $9,667) and the median family income was $43,750 (+/- $12,064). Males had a median income of $39,115 (+/- $3,013) versus $27,250 (+/- $12,459) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $33,125 (+/- $8,498). Approximately, 7.8% of families and 7.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.9% of those under the age of 18 and 15.3% of those ages 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 449 people, 181 households, and 130 families residing in the city. The population density was 1870.8 PD/sqmi. There were 205 housing units at an average density of 854.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 92.2% White, 0.2% African American, 1.3% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 2.2% from other races, and 3.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.6% of the population.

There were 181 households, of which 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.8% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 28.2% were non-families. 24.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.94.

The median age in the city was 39.4 years. 25.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.1% were from 25 to 44; 28.5% were from 45 to 64; and 14% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.9% male and 50.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 457 people, 187 households, and 123 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,001.1 PD/sqmi. There were 208 housing units at an average density of 910.8 /sqmi.

The racial makeup of the city was 95.40% White, 1.53% Native American, 0.22% Asian, and 2.84% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.88% of the population.

There were 187 households, out of which 33.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.5% were married couples living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.2% were non-families. 28.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.0% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 28.0% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 15.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $39,091, and the median income for a family was $42,500. Males had a median income of $31,544 versus $18,375 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,254. About 4.7% of families and 8.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.8% of those under age 18 and 8.6% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The community is served by Remington USD 206 public school district. The Remington High School mascot is a Bronco.
 * Frederic Remington High School north of Brainerd.
 * Remington Middle School in Whitewater.
 * Remington Elementary School in Potwin.

Potwin High School was closed through school unification. The Potwin High School mascot was Greyhounds.

Print

 * The Newton Kansan, regional newspaper from Newton.
 * Butler County Times-Gazette, regional newspaper from El Dorado.
 * The Wichita Eagle, major regional newspaper from Wichita.

Radio
Potwin is served by numerous radio stations of the Wichita-Hutchinson listening market area, and satellite radio. See Media in Wichita, Kansas.

Television
Potwin is served by over-the-air ATSC digital TV of the Wichita-Hutchinson viewing market area, cable TV, and satellite TV. See Media in Wichita, Kansas.

Transportation
K-196 highway runs along the south side of the city.

title: Potwin, Kansas


text:
Rose Hill, Kansas

Rose Hill is a city in Butler County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 4,185. it is located southeast of Wichita.

Early history
For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau.

19th century
In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre.

In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1855, Butler County was established within the Kansas Territory, which included the land for modern day Rose Hill.

The first post office in Rose Hill was established in 1874. Rose Hill was founded in 1892.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.20 sqmi, all of it land.

Demographics
Rose Hill is part of the Wichita metropolitan area.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 3,931 people, 1,288 households, and 1,045 families living in the city. The population density was 1786.8 PD/sqmi. There were 1,355 housing units at an average density of 615.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 95.5% White, 0.3% African American, 0.8% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 0.5% from other races, and 2.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.9% of the population.

There were 1,288 households, of which 46.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.5% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 18.9% were non-families. 15.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.99 and the average family size was 3.33.

The median age in the city was 35.4 years. 30.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.1% were from 25 to 44; 25.7% were from 45 to 64; and 9.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.1% male and 50.9% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,432 people, 1,039 households, and 906 families living in the city. The population density was 2,151.0 PD/sqmi. There were 1,098 housing units at an average density of 688.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.91% White, 0.26% African American, 0.67% Native American, 0.41% Asian, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 0.35% from other races, and 1.28% from two or more races. 1.81% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 1,039 households, out of which 59.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 74.5% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 12.8% were non-families. 11.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.25 and the average family size was 3.51.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 37.7% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 33.4% from 25 to 44, 17.0% from 45 to 64, and 5.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.6 males.

As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $75,040. Males had a median income of $47,019 versus $31,082 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,221. About 2.6% of families and 3.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.1% of those under age 18 and 11.6% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The community is served by Rose Hill USD 394 public school district.

Rose Hill High School is a 4A high school with an enrollment of 610 students. Rose Hill High School is located on the southern edge of Rose Hill. Students moved into the current facility in October 1995. Rose Hill High School offers a general education program alongside several dual-credit college college courses and early associate degree programs offered by the wing of Butler Community College attached at the southeast end. Rose Hill High School sponsors a wide range of student activities for the purpose of providing students with additional opportunities to develop into leaders and citizens. Also as of 2005 Rose Hill High School has become one of the few schools in Kansas to give a laptop to every pupil in the school.

Notable people

 * Kendall Gammon, American football player
 * Josh Swindell, baseball player

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Rose Hill, Kansas


text:
Towanda, Kansas

Towanda is a city in Butler County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 1,447.

History
Towanda was established in 1870 and incorporated in 1905. Towanda is an Osage-language name meaning "big village".

An F4 tornado devastated the town on March 31, 1892, killing at least nine people and injuring 60.

21st century
In 2010, the Keystone-Cushing Pipeline (Phase II) was constructed a few blocks west of Towanda (immediately west of SW River Valley Rd), running north to south through Butler County. With much controversy over tax exemption and environmental concerns (if a leak ever occurs).

Geography
Towanda is located along the Whitewater River.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.06 sqmi, all of it land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,450 people, 524 households, and 397 families living in the city. The population density was 1367.9 PD/sqmi. There were 577 housing units at an average density of 544.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 95.3% White, 0.3% African American, 1.1% Native American, 0.5% Asian, 0.4% Pacific Islander, 0.5% from other races, and 1.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.7% of the population.

There were 524 households, of which 39.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.9% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 24.2% were non-families. 20.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.77 and the average family size was 3.15.

The median age in the city was 34.5 years. 30% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.4% were from 25 to 44; 25.1% were from 45 to 64; and 11.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.0% male and 50.0% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,338 people, 492 households, and 383 families living in the city. The population density was 1,804.8 PD/sqmi. There were 537 housing units at an average density of 724.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.79% White, 0.37% African American, 0.37% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.22% from other races, and 2.02% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.75% of the population.

There were 492 households, out of which 39.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.1% were married couples living together, 8.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.0% were non-families. 20.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.14.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 29.3% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 29.0% from 25 to 44, 20.5% from 45 to 64, and 12.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $41,875, and the median income for a family was $47,188. Males had a median income of $32,250 versus $24,167 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,815. About 5.1% of families and 6.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.0% of those under age 18 and 5.0% of those ages 65 or over.

Education
The community is served by Circle USD 375 public school district.

Circle High School, located in Towanda, has one of the top graphic arts departments in the state. They are the top computer art school recognized at the Scholastics Art and Writing Awards, since 2005. The Circle High School mascot is the Thunderbirds.

Notable people

 * Jordan Phillips, defensive lineman for the Arizona Cardinals
 * Garner E. Shriver, U.S. Representative from Kansas

title: Towanda, Kansas


text:
Whitewater, Kansas

Whitewater is a city in Butler County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 661.

Early history
For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau.

19th century
In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre.

In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1855, Butler County was established within the Kansas Territory, which included the land for modern day Whitewater.

The city originally formed several miles to the east. A post office was established as White Water (as two words) on August 7, 1871. The post office was renamed to Ovo on July 7, 1882.

In 1887, the Chicago, Kansas and Nebraska Railway built a branch line north–south from Herington through Whitewater to Caldwell. It foreclosed in 1891 and was taken over by Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railway, which shut down in 1980 and reorganized as Oklahoma, Kansas and Texas Railroad, merged in 1988 with Missouri Pacific Railroad, merged in 1997 with Union Pacific Railroad. Most locals still refer to this railroad as the "Rock Island".

Between 1885 and 1888, several buildings were moved to the present location on the Whitewater River after the Missouri Pacific railroad came through the area. The city was established where the Missouri Pacific and Rock Island railroads intersected. The post office was renamed to White Water on May 15, 1888.

20th century
The historic Oak Lawn Farm Dairy Barn was built near Whitewater in 1926.

On November 1, 1950, the post office name was changed to Whitewater (one word).

In 1961, Frederic Remington High School was built immediately north of Brainerd. Leading up to this new school, Whitewater, Potwin, Brainerd, Elbing, Furley, Countryside, and Golden Gate schools merged to form a joint rural high school. Heated opposition between Whitewater and Potwin occurred during the discussion for the location of the new high school. Rural voters pushed for a centralized location in neither town. A public vote was passed to build the new school near Brainerd.

Geography
Whitewater is located along the West Branch of the Whitewater River.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.40 sqmi, all of it land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 718 people, 254 households, and 189 families living in the city. The population density was 1795.0 PD/sqmi. There were 267 housing units at an average density of 667.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 93.3% White, 1.8% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 0.8% Pacific Islander, 0.4% from other races, and 3.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.6% of the population.

There were 254 households, of which 37.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.2% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 25.6% were non-families. 23.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.05.

The median age in the city was 42.7 years. 25.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.4% were from 25 to 44; 27% were from 45 to 64; and 19.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.8% male and 52.2% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 653 people, 232 households, and 171 families living in the city. The population density was 1,976.0 PD/sqmi. There were 255 housing units at an average density of 771.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.78% White, 0.31% Native American, 0.15% Asian, 0.15% from other races, and 2.60% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.46% of the population.

There were 232 households, out of which 36.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.5% were married couples living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.9% were non-families. 23.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.3% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 25.4% from 25 to 44, 20.8% from 45 to 64, and 23.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $42,813, and the median income for a family was $43,984. Males had a median income of $33,958 versus $21,417 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,078. About 3.3% of families and 5.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.0% of those under age 18 and 4.2% of those age 65 or over.

Government
The Whitewater government consists of a mayor and five council members. The council meets the 4th Monday of each month at 7PM.
 * City Hall, 201 S Elm St.
 * US Post Office, 117 S Main St.

Public
The community is served by Remington USD 206 public school district. The Remington High School mascot is a Bronco.
 * Frederic Remington High School north of Brainerd.
 * Remington Middle School in Whitewater.
 * Remington Elementary School in Potwin.

Library

 * Whitewater Memorial Library

Print

 * The Newton Kansan, regional newspaper from Newton.
 * Butler County Times-Gazette, regional newspaper from El Dorado.
 * The Wichita Eagle, major regional newspaper from Wichita.

Radio
Whitewater is served by numerous radio stations of the Wichita-Hutchinson listening market area, and satellite radio. See Media in Wichita, Kansas.

Television
Whitewater is served by over-the-air ATSC digital TV of the Wichita-Hutchinson viewing market area, cable TV, and satellite TV. See Media in Wichita, Kansas.

Transportation
K-196 highway runs along the south side of the city. The Oklahoma Kansas Texas (OKT) line of the Union Pacific Railroad runs through the north-west side of the city.

Notable person

 * Hattie Louthan (1865–1950), writer, author of five books and contributed to newspapers and magazines.

title: Whitewater, Kansas


text:
Cedar Point, Kansas

Cedar Point is a city in Chase County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 22. It is about 5 miles east of Florence and 0.5 miles south of U.S. Route 50 highway.

Early history
For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau.

19th century
In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre.

In 1806, Zebulon Pike led the Pike Expedition westward from St Louis, Missouri, of which part of their journey followed the Cottonwood River through Chase County near the current city of Cedar Point.

In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1855, Marion County was established within the Kansas Territory, which included the land for modern day Cedar Point.

In 1862, Cedar Point was founded. The first post office in Cedar Point was established in 1862.

In 1867, a log dam was built across the Cottonwood River, and a wooden-frame mill was constructed for sawing lumber. The following year (1868) it was converted to grind flour and named Cedar Point Mill. In 1870, the name was changed to Drinkwater & Schriver Mill. In 1871, construction of the current stone structure was started, then completed in 1875. In 1884, the log dam was replaced by a stone dam.

In 1871, the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway built a main line east-west and built a nearby station named Cedar Grove in the valley north of Cedar Point. In 1996, it merged with Burlington Northern Railroad and renamed to the current BNSF Railway. Most locals still refer to this railroad as the "Santa Fe".

Geography
Cedar Point is located at 38.26089°N, -96.82166°W (38.260888, -96.821662), in the scenic Flint Hills of the Great Plains. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.08 sqmi, all of it land.

Area attractions
Cedar Point has two listings on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).
 * 1875 Cedar Point Mill (NRHP).
 * 1916 Cottonwood River Pratt Truss Bridge (NRHP). Located west of the city.

Demographics
Cedar Point is part of the Emporia Micropolitan Statistical Area.

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 22 people, 6 households, and 4 families in Cedar Point. The population density was 323.5 per square mile (124.9/km$2$). There were 20 housing units at an average density of 294.1 per square mile (113.6/km$2$). The racial makeup was 86.36% (19) white or European American (86.36% non-Hispanic white), 0.0% (0) black or African-American, 0.0% (0) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.0% (0) Asian, 0.0% (0) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 4.55% (1) from other races, and 9.09% (2) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 4.55% (1) of the population.

Of the 6 households, 50.0% had children under the age of 18; 33.3% were married couples living together; 33.3% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 16.7% of households consisted of individuals and 0.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.0 and the average family size was 2.0. The percent of those with a bachelor's degree or higher was estimated to be 0.0% of the population.

31.8% of the population was under the age of 18, 18.2% from 18 to 24, 9.1% from 25 to 44, 27.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 26.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 69.2 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 66.7 males.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 28 people, 13 households, and 5 families residing in the city. The population density was 350.0 PD/sqmi. There were 25 housing units at an average density of 312.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.4% White and 3.6% from two or more races.

There were 13 households, of which 23.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 30.8% were married couples living together, 7.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 61.5% were non-families. 46.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 38.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.15 and the average family size was 3.60.

The median age in the city was 51.5 years. 28.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 0% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 10.7% were from 25 to 44; 32% were from 45 to 64; and 28.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 53.6% male and 46.4% female.

2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 53 people, 22 households, and 13 families residing in the city. The population density was 782.8 PD/sqmi. There were 28 housing units at an average density of 413.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 94.34% White, 1.89% Native American, and 3.77% from two or more races.

There were 22 households, out of which 13.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.4% were non-families. 31.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.6% under the age of 18, 17.0% from 18 to 24, 18.9% from 25 to 44, 24.5% from 45 to 64, and 17.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.2 males.

As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $28,750, and the median income for a family was $36,250. Males had a median income of $40,000 versus $42,500 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,102. There were no families and 3.6% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and none of those over 64.

Government
The Cedar Point consists of a mayor and three council members. The council meets once a month.

Education
The community is served by Chase County USD 284 public school district. It has two schools.
 * Chase County Junior/Senior High School, 600 Main St in Cottonwood Falls.
 * Chase County Elementary School, 401 Maple St in Cottonwood Falls.

Cedar Point schools were closed through school unification. The Cedar Point High School mascot was Cedar Point Bronchos.

Print

 * Marion County Record, official newspaper for Marion County.
 * Hillsboro Free Press, free newspaper for greater Marion County area.

Transportation
U.S. Route 50 highway and BNSF Railway passes east-west near the city.

Utilities

 * Internet
 * Satellite is provided by HughesNet, StarBand, WildBlue.
 * TV
 * Satellite is provided by DirecTV, Dish Network.
 * Terrestrial is provided by regional digital TV stations.
 * Electricity
 * Rural is provided by Butler REC.
 * Trash is provided by City of Florence.

title: Cedar Point, Kansas


text:
Cottonwood Falls, Kansas

Cottonwood Falls is the largest city and county seat of Chase County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 851. It is located south of Strong City along the south side of the Cottonwood River.

Early history
For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau.

19th century
In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre.

In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1859, Chase County was established within the Kansas Territory, which included the land for modern day Cottonwood Falls.

The first settlement in the area of Cottonwood Falls was in 1854, when an Indian trader named Seth Hayes founded a cattle ranch on the Cottonwood River close to the mouth of Diamond Spring Creek. The area around the town was organized as Chase County in 1859, and Cottonwood Falls was designated the temporary county seat. Other early settlers arrived in Cottonwood and surrounding lands in 1856 to 1858.

The first post office in Cottonwood Falls was established in 1858. In 1873 the city's French Renaissance style Chase County courthouse was built; at roughly the same time, the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway reached Cottonwood Falls area. Through the late 19th and early 20th centuries the area around the city was mainly divided into farms and cattle ranches.

20th century
In 1931, a Transcontinental & Western Air flight crashed ten miles south of Cottonwood Falls near the community of Bazaar, killing all eight on board, including University of Notre Dame football coach Knute Rockne. A monument to the crash is located on private property.

There have been numerous floods during the history of Cottonwood Falls. In June and July 1951, due to heavy rains, rivers and streams flooded numerous cities in Kansas, including Cottonwood Falls. Many reservoirs and levees were built in Kansas as part of a response to the Great Flood of 1951.

Geography

Cottonwood Falls is located at 38.36806°N, -96.54306°W (38.368159, -96.542918), in the scenic Flint Hills of the Great Plains. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.60 sqmi, of which 0.59 sqmi is land and 0.01 sqmi is water.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and cool to cold winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Cottonwood Falls has a humid continental climate (Dfa) using the 0 °C (32 °F) isotherm, or a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) using the -3 °C (26.6 °F) isotherm. The hottest temperature recorded in Cottonwood Falls was 118 F on July 18, 1936, while the coldest temperature recorded was -30 F on February 13, 1905.

Area events

 * Prairie Fire Festival

Area attractions
Cottonwood Falls has five listings on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).
 * Cartter Building (NRHP).
 * Chase County Courthouse (NRHP). It is the oldest courthouse in continual use in the state of Kansas and one of the oldest in continual use West of the Mississippi.
 * Chase County National Bank (NRHP).
 * Cottonwood River Bridge (NRHP).
 * Samuel N Wood House (NRHP).
 * Kansas Historical Marker - A Landmark Of Distinction, located in courthouse square.
 * Chase Lake Falls

Demographics
Cottonwood Falls is part of the Emporia Micropolitan Statistical Area.

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 851 people, 318 households, and 179 families in Cottonwood Falls. The population density was 1,321.4 per square mile (510.2/km$2$). There were 395 housing units at an average density of 613.4 per square mile (236.8/km$2$). The racial makeup was 77.32% (658) white or European American (75.56% non-Hispanic white), 1.88% (16) black or African-American, 0.24% (2) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.94% (8) Asian, 0.24% (2) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 14.92% (127) from other races, and 4.47% (38) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 17.74% (151) of the population.

Of the 318 households, 23.0% had children under the age of 18; 45.0% were married couples living together; 30.5% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 40.9% of households consisted of individuals and 22.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.2 and the average family size was 2.7. The percent of those with a bachelor's degree or higher was estimated to be 18.4% of the population.

16.5% of the population was under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 24.2% from 45 to 64, and 23.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 78.0 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 78.2 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $40,739 (with a margin of error of +/- $6,271) and the median family income was $56,667 (+/- $13,166). Males had a median income of $29,750 (+/- $5,519) versus $26,438 (+/- $4,200) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $28,000 (+/- $3,976). Approximately, 4.7% of families and 6.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.3% of those under the age of 18 and 3.7% of those ages 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 903 people, 342 households, and 205 families residing in the city. The population density was 1530.5 PD/sqmi. There were 414 housing units at an average density of 701.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 93.9% White, 3.4% African American, 0.2% Asian, 1.1% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.0% of the population.

There were 342 households, of which 28.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.8% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 40.1% were non-families. 37.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 21.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.92.

The median age in the city was 43.3 years. 20.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.9% were from 25 to 44; 23.1% were from 45 to 64; and 23.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.8% male and 50.2% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 966 people, 375 households, and 227 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,674.9 PD/sqmi. There were 427 housing units at an average density of 740.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 94.93% White, 2.38% African American, 1.14% Native American, 0.21% Asian, 0.83% from other races, and 0.52% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.38% of the population.

There were 375 households, out of which 28.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.2% were married couples living together, 11.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.2% were non-families. 34.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.93.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.2% under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 29.6% from 25 to 44, 18.1% from 45 to 64, and 23.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.7 males.

As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $28,947, and the median income for a family was $37,986. Males had a median income of $27,639 versus $19,167 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,166. About 8.8% of families and 11.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.0% of those under age 18 and 8.6% of those age 65 or over.

City
The Cottonwood Falls government consists of a mayor and five council members; the council meets the first and third Monday of each month at 7:00 p.m. City Council Members are elected in odd-numbered years and serve four-year terms.
 * City Hall, 220 Broadway St.

County

 * Chase County Courthouse, Broadway St.
 * Chase County Sheriff Department, 201 Walnut St.
 * Chase County Fire Department, 201 Walnut.

U.S.

 * U.S. Post Office, 206 Broadway St.
 * U.S. Consolidated Farm Service Agency, 219 Broadway St.
 * National Park Service (U.S. Dept of Interior), 226 Broadway St.

Primary and secondary education
The community is served by Chase County USD 284 public school district. It has two schools.
 * Chase County Junior/Senior High School, 600 Main St.
 * Chase County Elementary School, 410 Palmer St., Strong City, Kansas.  The former elementary school building in Cottonwood Falls closed in 2018 and is now located in neighboring Strong City.

The Chase County High School mascot is Chase County Bulldogs.

The former Cottonwood Falls High School mascot was Cottonwood Falls Wildcats.

Library

 * Burnley Memorial Library, 401 Oak St.

Transportation
K-177 highway passes north–south through the city. Chase County Airport, FAA:9K0, located south-east of 8th St and Airport Rd.

Utilities

 * Internet
 * Satellite Internet is provided by HughesNet, StarBand, WildBlue.
 * TV
 * Satellite TV is provided by DirecTV, Dish Network.
 * Free over-the-air ATSC digital TV.

Gallery

 * Historic Images of Cottonwood Falls, Special Photo Collections at Wichita State University Library.

Notable people

 * Dudley Doolittle (1881-1957), U.S. Representative from Kansas, lawyer, banker.
 * Harley Martin (1880-1951), Wisconsin state legislator and farmer
 * William Morgan (1866-1932), newspaper publisher and editor, author, lieutenant governor of Kansas 1915–19
 * Samuel Wood (December 30, 1825 – June 23, 1891), was an American attorney and Kansas politician.

Fiction
In Disney's 1985 film Return to Oz, Doctor J.B. Worley's clinic is set in Chase County near Cottonwood Falls.

In the 2005 film Jarhead, PFC Fergus O'Donnell is from Cottonwood.

The NBC crime drama The Blacklist season 8, episode 13 "Anne" is set and was partially filmed in Cottonwood Falls.

In the Great Railway Adventures book, The Mighty Mogul, Cottonwood Falls serves as a stop for the titular train during its journey to find supplies to build a new schoolhouse.

title: Cottonwood Falls, Kansas


text:
Elmdale, Kansas

Elmdale is a city in Chase County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 40. It is located along U.S. Route 50 highway.

History

In 1806, Zebulon Pike led the Pike Expedition westward from St Louis, Missouri, of which part of their journey followed the Cottonwood River through Chase County near the current city of Elmdale.

In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1859, Chase County was established within the Kansas Territory, which included the land for modern day Elmdale.

In 1871, the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway built a main line east-west through Elmdale. In 1873, a post office was relocated from Middle Creek (an extinct town), to the rail community of Elmdale. Elmdale was incorporated in 1904.

In 1916, Camp Wood YMCA was built about 1.5 miles south of Elmdale.

There have been numerous floods during the history of Elmdale. In June and July 1951, due to heavy rains, rivers and streams flooded numerous cities in Kansas, including Elmdale. Many reservoirs and levees were built in Kansas as part of a response to the Great Flood of 1951. A levy was built and saved the town from numerous floods, but in 1998 a flood went over the levy.

Geography
Elmdale is located in the Flint Hills of the Great Plains. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.17 sqmi, all of it land. The Cottonwood River is approximately 0.5 miles east of the city.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Elmdale has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

Demographics
Elmdale is part of the Emporia Micropolitan Statistical Area.

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 40 people, 11 households, and 9 families in Elmdale. The population density was 242.4 per square mile (93.6/km$2$). There were 18 housing units at an average density of 109.1 per square mile (42.1/km$2$). The racial makeup was 82.5% (33) white or European American (80.0% non-Hispanic white), 2.5% (1) black or African-American, 5.0% (2) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.0% (0) Asian, 0.0% (0) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 0.0% (0) from other races, and 10.0% (4) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 7.5% (3) of the population.

Of the 11 households, 36.4% had children under the age of 18; 54.5% were married couples living together; 36.4% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 18.2% of households consisted of individuals and 9.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.5 and the average family size was 5.4.

42.5% of the population was under the age of 18, 5.0% from 18 to 24, 20.0% from 25 to 44, 27.5% from 45 to 64, and 5.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 26.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.0 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 109.1 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $43,750 (with a margin of error of +/- $12,788). The median income for those above 16 years old was $16,250 (+/- $12,575).

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 55 people, 23 households, and 11 families residing in the city. The population density was 323.5 PD/sqmi. There were 27 housing units at an average density of 158.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.4% White and 3.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.1% of the population.

There were 23 households, of which 26.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.1% were married couples living together, 4.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 52.2% were non-families. 43.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.09.

The median age in the city was 45.3 years. 23.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 16.3% were from 25 to 44; 38.2% were from 45 to 64; and 12.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 56.4% male and 43.6% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 50 people, 25 households, and 11 families residing in the city. The population density was 300.9 PD/sqmi. There were 36 housing units at an average density of 216.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 100.00% White. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.00% of the population.

There were 25 households, out of which 20.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.0% were married couples living together, and 56.0% were non-families. 48.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.00 and the average family size was 2.91.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 20.0% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 22.0% from 25 to 44, 34.0% from 45 to 64, and 18.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females, there were 108.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.8 males.

As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $21,250, and the median income for a family was $22,250. Males had a median income of $22,917 versus $12,083 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,083. There were no families and 19.2% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteen and none of those over 64.

Arts and culture
The Clover Cliff Ranch House is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is located 4 miles southwest of Elmdale along the north side of U.S. Route 50 highway.

Government
The Elmdale consists of a mayor and five council members.

Education
The community is served by Chase County USD 284 public school district. It has two schools.
 * Chase County Junior/Senior High School, 600 Main St in Cottonwood Falls.
 * Chase County Elementary School, 410 Palmer St in Strong City.

Before the creation of USD 284, the Elmdale Cougars won the Kansas State High School class B baseball championship in 1961. In 1967, the high school closed, then later the grade school.

Transportation
U.S. Route 50 highway and BNSF Railway pass through the city.

title: Elmdale, Kansas


text:
Matfield Green, Kansas

Matfield Green is a city in Chase County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 49. It is located along K-177 highway.

Early history
For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. The historic Native American tribes of Kansas are many, including the Kansa, or "Wind People," from whom the name of the state is derived. Also included are the related Osage, Pawnee, and Wichita. From the west and north ranged the Comanche and Apache, as well as the Kiowa, Cheyenne and Arapaho.

From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau.

19th century
In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre.

In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1859, Chase County was established within the Kansas Territory, which included the land for modern day Matfield Green.

Matfield Green was named after Matfield, in England. The village green at Matfield in Kent is known as Matfield Green.

In 1870, Bazaar Township, Chase County, Kansas which includes Matfield Green had a population of 376, growing to 1,096 by 1880. In its heyday, at the beginning of the 20th century, Matfield Green grew to about 350 residents and possessed a bank, grocery store, livery and blacksmith, hardware, flour mill and lumberyard, and even a hotel for visitors. It also had its own schools. A post office existed in Matfield Green from January 11, 1867 to September 30, 1995.

Present
Like many small towns in Kansas, Matfield Green struggles to maintain its existence. It is helped by a small colony of artists and writers who work to preserve the community, along with the nearby historic Pioneer Bluffs ranch headquarters. Additionally great conservation efforts have been made by both private individuals such as Texas billionaire Ed Bass and non profit organizations Nature Conservancy to combat development and preserve the Flint Hills, which is one of the most threatened ecosystems in the world.

Geography
Matfield Green is located at 38.15961°N, -96.56201°W (38.159609, -96.562013)., in the scenic Flint Hills of the Great Plains. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.14 sqmi, all of it land.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Matfield Green has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

Area attractions
Matfield Green has two ranches on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP): Crocker Ranch (NRHP). 1908-1940 Pioneer Bluffs Ranch (NRHP), approximately 1 mile north on K-177 Highway. Pioneer Bluffs is an early twentieth century ranch, consisting of one dozen vintage farm buildings.

Demographics
Matfield Green is part of the Emporia Micropolitan Statistical Area.

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 49 people, 28 households, and 17 families in Matfield Green. The population density was 345.1 per square mile (133.2/km$2$). There were 37 housing units at an average density of 260.6 per square mile (100.6/km$2$). The racial makeup was 95.92% (47) white or European American (95.92% non-Hispanic white), 0.0% (0) black or African-American, 0.0% (0) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.0% (0) Asian, 0.0% (0) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 4.08% (2) from other races, and 0.0% (0) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 0.0% (0) of the population.

Of the 28 households, 17.9% had children under the age of 18; 50.0% were married couples living together; 14.3% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 39.3% of households consisted of individuals and 7.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.0 and the average family size was 3.6.

22.4% of the population was under the age of 18, 2.0% from 18 to 24, 14.3% from 25 to 44, 40.8% from 45 to 64, and 20.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.5 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 81.0 males.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 47 people, 24 households, and 11 families residing in the city. The population density was 335.7 PD/sqmi. There were 36 housing units at an average density of 257.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 100.0% White.

There were 24 households, of which 16.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.7% were married couples living together, 4.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 54.2% were non-families. 37.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.96 and the average family size was 2.73.

The median age in the city was 58.8 years. 17% of residents were under the age of 18; 0.0% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 12.8% were from 25 to 44; 34.1% were from 45 to 64; and 36.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 51.1% male and 48.9% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 60 people, 31 households, and 18 families residing in the city. The population density was 314.9 PD/sqmi. There were 34 housing units at an average density of 178.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 100.00% White.

There were 31 households, out of which 29.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.2% were married couples living together, and 41.9% were non-families. 38.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 22.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.94 and the average family size was 2.56.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 20.0% under the age of 18, 1.7% from 18 to 24, 23.3% from 25 to 44, 31.7% from 45 to 64, and 23.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 49 years. For every 100 females, there were 114.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 128.6 males.

As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $27,500, and the median income for a family was $29,375. Males had a median income of $23,750 versus $14,375 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,642. There were 19.0% of families and 19.4% of the population living below the poverty line, including 35.7% of under eighteens and none of those over 64.

Government
The Matfield Green government consists of a mayor and five council members. The council meets the 1st Monday of each month at 7PM.
 * City Hall, 302 Orient Street.

Education
The community is served by Chase County USD 284 public school district. It has two schools.
 * Chase County Junior/Senior High School, 600 Main St in Cottonwood Falls.
 * Chase County Elementary School, 401 Maple St in Cottonwood Falls.

Matfield Green schools were closed through school unification. The Matfield Green High School mascot was Matfield Green Panthers.

Transportation
K-177 highway and Southern Transcon main line of BNSF Railway both pass through Matfield Green. The Kansas Turnpike toll road is close to Matfield Green, but a driver must exit the toll plaza in Cassoday and enter K-177 (Kansas highway) going north.

Utilities

 * Internet
 * Satellite Internet is provided by HughesNet, StarBand, WildBlue.
 * TV
 * Satellite TV is provided by DirecTV, Dish Network.
 * Free over-the-air ATSC digital TV.

title: Matfield Green, Kansas


text:
Strong City, Kansas

Strong City is a city in Chase County, Kansas, United States. Originally known as Cottonwood Station, in 1881 it was renamed Strong City after William Barstow Strong, then vice-president and general manager, and later president of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 386. It is located along U.S. Route 50 highway.

Early history
For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau.

19th century
In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre.

In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1859, Chase County was established within the Kansas Territory, which included the land for modern day Strong City.

In 1871, the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway extended a main line from Emporia to Newton. The city originated in March 1871 when the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway was completed to the point then known as Cottonwood Station. Strong City was originally called Cottonwood, and under the latter name laid out in 1872.

In 1881, the name was changed to Strong, in honor of William Barstow Strong, General Superintendent of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway, and afterward the president of the company.

The original depot was a wooden building built in 1872 then burned in 1902 and was replaced in 1903 by another wooden building. From 1887 to 1938, a six stall engine roundhouse employed many workers.

In 1887, Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway built a branch line from Neva (3 miles west of Strong City) to Superior, Nebraska. This branch line connected Strong City, Neva, Rockland, Diamond Springs, Burdick, Lost Springs, Jacobs, Hope, Navarre, Enterprise, Abilene, Talmage, Manchester, Longford, Oak Hill, Miltonvale, Aurora, Huscher, Concordia, Kackley, Courtland, Webber, Superior. At some point, the line from Neva to Lost Springs was pulled but the right of way has not been abandoned. This branch line was originally called "Strong City and Superior line" but later the name was shortened to the "Strong City line".

20th century
In 1912, construction of a new depot was begun about 100 ft west of the old one, and was finished in 1913. The new brick depot was trimmed in native cut limestone was built for a cost of $20,000. A brick platform some 800-feet long was built along the front of the building, and a 250-foot freight platform was built along the rear of the building. Passenger service was discontinued in the late 1940s.

In 1945, the name was changed again, this time to Strong City.

In 1996, the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway merged with Burlington Northern Railroad and renamed to the current BNSF Railway.

21st century
In 2006 and 2015, the "Symphony in the Flint Hills" concert was held two miles north of Strong City with thousands in attendance.

Stone industry
Local stonemasons and builders Barney Lantry & Son contracted with railroad companies for projects throughout the United States. In the beginning it built stone-work for certain phases of railroad construction, but later they did build complete railroads, grading, laying the track, building bridges, stations, roundhouses, and other division buildings.

The first stone-crushers Kansas ever saw were brought to the state by the Lantrys and were operated on a very large scale at Strong City. Most of the stone for masonry and road-ballast for their jobs all over the west, was taken from their quarries at Strong City. Big stones for the Kansas State Capitol came from Strong City, each stone weighing 13,000 pounds. Stone was also used for public and private buildings in Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Iowa and Colorado.

When Barney Lantry died in 1895, officials of the Santa Fe Railroad from Los Angeles to Chicago attended his funeral services in Strong City.

Geography
Strong City is located at 38.39722°N, -96.53694°W (38.3972360, -96.5369507), in the scenic Flint Hills of the Great Plains. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.55 sqmi, all of it land. The Cottonwood River is approximately 0.5 miles west of the city, and an old channel of the river is next to the south-west corner of the city.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Strong City has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

Demographics
The center of population of Kansas is located 4.5 mi north of Strong City at 38.45417°N, -96.53611°W.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 485 people, 212 households, and 123 families residing in the city. The population density was 881.8 PD/sqmi. There were 256 housing units at an average density of 465.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.5% White, 0.6% African American, 0.8% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.0% of the population.

There were 212 households, of which 25.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.6% were married couples living together, 5.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 42.0% were non-families. 37.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 3.10.

The median age in the city was 44.1 years. 22.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.8% were from 25 to 44; 31% were from 45 to 64; and 16.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 51.3% male and 48.7% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 584 people, 247 households, and 163 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,084.3 PD/sqmi. There were 287 housing units at an average density of 532.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 97.77% White, 1.03% African American, 0.17% Asian, and 1.03% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.37% of the population.

There were 247 households, out of which 28.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.4% were married couples living together, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.0% were non-families. 30.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.90.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.0% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 24.3% from 45 to 64, and 15.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 110.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.7 males.

As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $30,192, and the median income for a family was $35,833. Males had a median income of $23,523 versus $20,938 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,807. About 5.8% of families and 14.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.4% of those under age 18 and 13.6% of those age 65 or over.

Events and attractions

 * Flint Hills Rodeo, held annually since 1938
 * Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve, north on K-177 highway.
 * W.B. Strong Memorial Railroad Park.
 * Kansas Historical Markers:
 * Chase County And The Bluestem Pasture Region Of Kansas, approximately 2 mi east on U.S. Route 50 highway.
 * ''W.B. Strong Memorial Railroad Park.
 * Strong City has four listings on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP):
 * Fox Creek Stone Arch Bridge (NRHP).
 * Lower Fox Creek School (NRHP).
 * Strong City Atchison, Topeka, & Santa Fe Depot (NRHP).
 * Strong City Opera House (NRHP).

Government
The Strong City government consists of a mayor and five council members. The council meets the 2nd Tuesday of each month at 7PM.
 * City Hall, 4th St and Chase St.
 * Chase County Sheriff Department, located in Cottonwood Falls.
 * Chase County Fire Department, located in Cottonwood Falls.
 * U.S. Post Office, 309 Cottonwood St.

Primary and secondary education
The community is served by Chase County USD 284 public school district. It has two schools.
 * Chase County Junior/Senior High School, 600 Main St in Cottonwood Falls.
 * Chase County Elementary School, 401 Maple St in Cottonwood Falls.

Strong City schools were closed through school unification. The Strong City Indians won the Kansas State High School Boys class BB Basketball championship in 1965.

Library

 * Burnley Memorial Library, located in Cottonwood Falls.

Transportation
U.S. Route 50 and the La Junta Subdivision of BNSF Railway pass east-west through the city. K-177 highway passes north-south through the city. The original U.S. Route 50 road still comes into the southwest side of the city parallel to the railroad tracks.

Strong City applied for an Amtrak station on Amtrak's proposed extension of the Heartland Flyer from Oklahoma City to Kansas City, Missouri. If the town's application were successful, that would make it one of the smallest towns in the Amtrak system to have a station.

Utilities

 * Internet
 * Satellite Internet is provided by HughesNet, StarBand, WildBlue.
 * TV
 * Satellite TV is provided by DirecTV, Dish Network.
 * Free over-the-air ATSC digital TV.

Notable people

 * Dudley Doolittle (1881-1957), U.S. Representative from Kansas, lawyer, banker.

title: Strong City, Kansas


text:
Cedar Vale, Kansas

Cedar Vale is a city in Chautauqua County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 476.

History
Cedar Vale was founded in 1870. Its name is meant to be descriptive of the town's setting.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.76 sqmi, all of it land.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Cedar Vale has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 476 people, 184 households, and 108 families in Cedar Vale. The population density was 631.3 per square mile (243.7/km$2$). There were 305 housing units at an average density of 404.5 per square mile (156.2/km$2$). The racial makeup was 79.41% (378) white or European American (78.36% non-Hispanic white), 1.89% (9) black or African-American, 9.24% (44) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.84% (4) Asian, 0.0% (0) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 0.63% (3) from other races, and 7.98% (38) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 4.62% (22) of the population.

Of the 184 households, 31.5% had children under the age of 18; 39.1% were married couples living together; 28.3% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 37.0% of households consisted of individuals and 19.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.3 and the average family size was 2.8. The percent of those with a bachelor's degree or higher was estimated to be 8.8% of the population.

28.2% of the population was under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 23.5% from 25 to 44, 19.1% from 45 to 64, and 20.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.6 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 85.9 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $36,098 (with a margin of error of +/- $3,674) and the median family income was $38,409 (+/- $15,446). Males had a median income of $30,119 (+/- $5,278) versus $21,042 (+/- $7,447) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $25,893 (+/- $4,956). Approximately, 31.5% of families and 26.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.0% of those under the age of 18 and 30.4% of those ages 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 579 people, 251 households, and 144 families living in the city. The population density was 761.8 PD/sqmi. There were 342 housing units at an average density of 450.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 91.5% White, 0.3% African American, 3.5% Native American, 0.2% Asian, and 4.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.9% of the population.

There were 251 households, of which 30.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.8% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 42.6% were non-families. 37.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.98.

The median age in the city was 43.9 years. 25.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 18.1% were from 25 to 44; 27.2% were from 45 to 64; and 22.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.3% male and 49.7% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 723 people, 285 households, and 184 families living in the city. The population density was 758.8 PD/sqmi. There were 344 housing units at an average density of 361.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 92.67% White, 0.41% African American, 4.15% Native American, 1.11% from other races, and 1.66% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.07% of the population.

There were 285 households, out of which 29.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.9% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.1% were non-families. 33.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 22.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.91.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.6% under the age of 18, 4.6% from 18 to 24, 18.3% from 25 to 44, 23.5% from 45 to 64, and 29.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $27,031, and the median income for a family was $33,889. Males had a median income of $24,167 versus $19,688 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,410. About 11.1% of families and 14.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.2% of those under age 18 and 14.5% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The community is served by Cedar Vale USD 285 public school district.

Media
The Cedar Vale Star newspaper was created in 1884, and it continued until January 1894.

title: Cedar Vale, Kansas


text:
Chautauqua, Kansas

Chautauqua is a city in Chautauqua County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 108.

History
Chautauqua was founded in 1881, and it was incorporated in 1882.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.43 sqmi, all of it land.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Chautauqua has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 108 people, 45 households, and 31 families in Chautauqua. The population density was 254.7 per square mile (98.3/km$2$). There were 55 housing units at an average density of 129.7 per square mile (50.1/km$2$). The racial makeup was 77.78% (84) white or European American (77.78% non-Hispanic white), 0.0% (0) black or African-American, 1.85% (2) Native American or Alaska Native, 2.78% (3) Asian, 0.0% (0) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 1.85% (2) from other races, and 15.74% (17) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 4.63% (5) of the population.

Of the 45 households, 24.4% had children under the age of 18; 46.7% were married couples living together; 35.6% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 24.4% of households consisted of individuals and 13.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.3 and the average family size was 2.6. The percent of those with a bachelor's degree or higher was estimated to be 7.4% of the population.

28.7% of the population was under the age of 18, 0.9% from 18 to 24, 18.5% from 25 to 44, 27.8% from 45 to 64, and 24.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.9 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 120.0 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $32,500 (with a margin of error of +/- $13,024) and the median family income was $50,833 (+/- $34,712).

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 111 people, 52 households, and 33 families residing in the city. The population density was 258.1 PD/sqmi. There were 72 housing units at an average density of 167.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 87.4% White, 3.6% Native American, 0.9% Asian, and 8.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.9% of the population.

There were 52 households, of which 23.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.2% were married couples living together, 7.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 11.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.5% were non-families. 34.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.13 and the average family size was 2.58.

The median age in the city was 48.2 years. 16.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 17.1% were from 25 to 44; 32.4% were from 45 to 64; and 25.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.6% male and 51.4% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 113 people, 53 households, and 29 families residing in the city. The population density was 265.4 PD/sqmi. There were 72 housing units at an average density of 169.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 89.38% White, 7.08% Native American, and 3.54% from two or more races.

There were 53 households, out of which 22.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.6% were married couples living together, 15.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43.4% were non-families. 43.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 22.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.13 and the average family size was 2.97.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.8% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 19.5% from 25 to 44, 24.8% from 45 to 64, and 23.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 79.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $18,500, and the median income for a family was $19,583. Males had a median income of $31,250 versus $15,750 for females. The per capita income for the city was $9,781. There were 27.3% of families and 38.5% of the population living below the poverty line, including 65.7% of under eighteens and 13.8% of those over 64.

Education
The community is served by Chautauqua County USD 286 public school district, and its Sedan Jr/Sr High School is located in Sedan.

Chautauqua High School was closed through school unification. Chautauqua High School won the Kansas State High School boys class B basketball championship in 1927.

title: Chautauqua, Kansas


text:
Elgin, Kansas

Elgin is a city in Chautauqua County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 60. The south edge of the city is the Kansas-Oklahoma state line.

History
Elgin was founded in 1869. It was once a stop on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe railroad and one of the world's busiest cattle shipping towns. L. P. Getman established the first store in the county, at Elgin, and John Lee, William Gamble and Beadle Welsh started the first saw mill at the same place, which they brought from Wisconsin in 1870. After the decline of the cattle shipping business, it was sustained by an oil boom that lasted until the mid-1920s.

The post office in Elgin was discontinued in 1976.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.20 sqmi, all of it land.

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 60 people, 24 households, and 19 families in Elgin. The population density was 307.7 per square mile (118.8/km$2$). There were 49 housing units at an average density of 251.3 per square mile (97.0/km$2$). The racial makeup was 85.0% (51) white or European American (80.0% non-Hispanic white), 0.0% (0) black or African-American, 5.0% (3) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.0% (0) Asian, 0.0% (0) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 0.0% (0) from other races, and 10.0% (6) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 6.67% (4) of the population.

Of the 24 households, 20.8% had children under the age of 18; 62.5% were married couples living together; 16.7% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 20.8% of households consisted of individuals and 8.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.1 and the average family size was 2.8. The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 0.0% of the population.

13.3% of the population was under the age of 18, 3.3% from 18 to 24, 25.0% from 25 to 44, 28.3% from 45 to 64, and 30.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 51.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 71.4 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 85.7 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $34,167 (with a margin of error of +/- $24,235) and the median family income was $36,563 (+/- $25,081). Males had a median income of $47,813 (+/- $9,798). Approximately, 33.3% of families and 25.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.0% of those under the age of 18 and 20.0% of those ages 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 89 people, 40 households, and 24 families residing in the city. The population density was 445.0 PD/sqmi. There were 57 housing units at an average density of 285.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 88.8% White, 3.4% Native American, and 7.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.1% of the population.

There were 40 households, of which 22.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.0% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 10.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 40.0% were non-families. 37.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.96.

The median age in the city was 44.5 years. 15.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.7% were from 25 to 44; 29.2% were from 45 to 64; and 20.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 53.9% male and 46.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 82 people, 44 households, and 22 families residing in the city. The population density was 441.8 PD/sqmi. There were 54 housing units at an average density of 290.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 91.46% White and 8.54% Native American.

There were 44 households, out of which 18.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.4% were married couples living together, 6.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 50.0% were non-families. 50.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 29.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.86 and the average family size was 2.59.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.0% under the age of 18, 3.7% from 18 to 24, 17.1% from 25 to 44, 26.8% from 45 to 64, and 30.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 52 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 73.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $14,500, and the median income for a family was $21,563. Males had a median income of $21,250 versus $14,583 for females. The per capita income for the city was $9,993. There were 21.1% of families and 17.9% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 20.7% of those over 64.

Education
Elgin is served by Chautauqua County USD 286 public school district, and its Sedan Jr/Sr High School is located in Sedan.

Notable people

 * Louis F. Burns, Osage Indian historian and author

title: Elgin, Kansas


text:
Niotaze, Kansas

Niotaze is a city in Chautauqua County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 90.

History
Niotaze probably derived its name from Niota, Illinois or Niota, Tennessee.

Circa 1910, Niotaze had a population of 317. At that time it was an important shipping point for grain, livestock and produce at the junction of two railroads.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.37 sqmi, all land.

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 90 people, 30 households, and 20 families in Niotaze. The population density was 243.2 per square mile (93.9/km$2$). There were 41 housing units at an average density of 110.8 per square mile (42.8/km$2$). The racial makeup was 60.0% (54) white or European American (60.0% non-Hispanic white), 0.0% (0) black or African-American, 18.89% (17) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.0% (0) Asian, 0.0% (0) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 1.11% (1) from other races, and 20.0% (18) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 3.33% (3) of the population.

Of the 30 households, 33.3% had children under the age of 18; 43.3% were married couples living together; 13.3% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 16.7% of households consisted of individuals and 3.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.9 and the average family size was 1.8. The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 6.7% of the population.

28.9% of the population was under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 22.2% from 25 to 44, 24.4% from 45 to 64, and 17.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.0 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 88.2 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $60,893 (with a margin of error of +/- $577) and the median family income was $60,923 (+/- $553). Females had a median income of $13,438 (+/- $12,925). The median income for those above 16 years old was $14,063 (+/- $12,570). Approximately, 9.5% of families and 23.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 100.0% of those under the age of 18 and 0.0% of those ages 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 82 people, 33 households, and 22 families residing in the city. The population density was 221.6 PD/sqmi. There were 49 housing units at an average density of 132.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 85.4% White, 7.3% Native American, and 7.3% from two or more races.

There were 33 households, of which 33.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.5% were married couples living together, 6.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.3% were non-families. 33.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.09.

The median age in the city was 42 years. 25.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 2.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.4% were from 25 to 44; 25.7% were from 45 to 64; and 22% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 57.3% male and 42.7% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 122 people, 47 households, and 32 families residing in the city. The population density was 327.6 PD/sqmi. There were 55 housing units at an average density of 147.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 90.16% White, 5.74% Native American, and 4.10% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.56% of the population.

There were 47 households, out of which 34.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.4% were married couples living together, 6.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.8% were non-families. 29.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.24.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 30.3% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 27.0% from 25 to 44, 21.3% from 45 to 64, and 14.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 139.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 112.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $27,500, and the median income for a family was $27,679. Males had a median income of $17,500 versus $9,583 for females. The per capita income for the city was $9,738. There were 21.6% of families and 29.0% of the population living below the poverty line, including 45.8% of under eighteens and 35.3% of those over 64.

Education
The community is served by Caney Valley USD 436 public school district.

Transportation
U.S. Route 166 highway currently runs east–west through the community.

Rail
Previously two railroads, Santa Fe and Missouri Pacific, went through the community, but both lines have been abandoned.

title: Niotaze, Kansas


text:
Peru, Kansas

Peru is a city in Chautauqua County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 101.

History
Peru was founded in 1870. It was named by E. R. Cutler, president of the town company, for his hometown of Peru, Illinois.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.32 sqmi, all of it land.

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 101 people, 39 households, and 24 families in Peru. The population density was 311.7 per square mile (120.4/km$2$). There were 75 housing units at an average density of 231.5 per square mile (89.4/km$2$). The racial makeup was 88.12% (89) white or European American (87.13% non-Hispanic white), 0.0% (0) black or African-American, 0.99% (1) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.0% (0) Asian, 0.0% (0) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 0.99% (1) from other races, and 9.9% (10) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 3.96% (4) of the population.

Of the 39 households, 20.5% had children under the age of 18; 51.3% were married couples living together; 7.7% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 35.9% of households consisted of individuals and 5.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.9 and the average family size was 2.6. The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 14.9% of the population.

17.8% of the population was under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 20.8% from 25 to 44, 33.7% from 45 to 64, and 20.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 52.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 77.2 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 76.6 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $31,731 (with a margin of error of +/- $11,776) and the median family income was $31,827 (+/- $14,782). Males had a median income of $30,729 (+/- $21,018) versus $27,750 (+/- $16,431) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $29,500 (+/- $13,049). Approximately, 4.7% of families and 12.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.5% of those under the age of 18 and 15.9% of those ages 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 139 people, 67 households, and 36 families residing in the city. The population density was 434.4 PD/sqmi. There were 99 housing units at an average density of 309.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 82.0% White, 8.6% Native American, 0.7% from other races, and 8.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.6% of the population.

There were 67 households, of which 19.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.8% were married couples living together, 3.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 46.3% were non-families. 43.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.07 and the average family size was 2.81.

The median age in the city was 49.3 years. 16.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 11.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 14.4% were from 25 to 44; 35.3% were from 45 to 64; and 22.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 54.7% male and 45.3% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 183 people, 87 households, and 50 families residing in the city. The population density was 485.3 PD/sqmi. There were 101 housing units at an average density of 267.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 92.35% White, 1.64% African American, 4.37% Native American, and 1.64% from two or more races.

There were 87 households, out of which 23.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.1% were married couples living together, 9.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.5% were non-families. 40.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 21.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.10 and the average family size was 2.78.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.0% under the age of 18, 4.9% from 18 to 24, 24.6% from 25 to 44, 24.6% from 45 to 64, and 23.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $25,208, and the median income for a family was $31,875. Males had a median income of $15,625 versus $12,143 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,810. About 6.4% of families and 11.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.3% of those under the age of eighteen and 8.3% of those 65 or over.

Education
Peru is served by Chautauqua County USD 286 public school district, and its Sedan Jr/Sr High School is located in Sedan.

Peru High School was closed through school unification. The Peru High School mascot was Trojans.

Transportation
Highway U.S. Route 166 runs through Peru.

Notable people

 * Madelyn Dunham (1922-2008), maternal grandmother of Barack Obama, was born in Peru.

title: Peru, Kansas