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Duke of Newcastle

Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne was a title that was created three times, once in the Peerage of England and twice in the Peerage of Great Britain. The first grant of the title was made in 1665 to William Cavendish, 1st Marquess of Newcastle upon Tyne. He was a prominent Royalist commander during the Civil War.

The related title of Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne [sic] was created once in the Peerage of Great Britain. It was conferred in 1756 on Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne (of the third creation), to provide a slightly more remote special remainder. The title became extinct in 1988, a year that saw the deaths of the distantly related ninth and tenth Dukes of Newcastle-under-Lyne.

First creation (1665)
William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle, was a son of Charles Cavendish, himself the third son of Sir William Cavendish and his wife Bess of Hardwick. One of Charles Cavendish's elder brothers became the 1st Earl of Devonshire (see Duke of Devonshire for further history about this branch of the family).

The first duke, William Cavendish, was the son of Charles Cavendish and his second wife Catherine Ogle, 8th Baroness Ogle, daughter of Cuthbert Ogle, 7th Baron Ogle. William Cavendish became Viscount Mansfield in 1620, and in 1621, he was created Earl of Newcastle upon Tyne and Baron Cavendish of Bolsover. He succeeded his mother as ninth Baron Ogle in 1629, and he became Marquess of Newcastle upon Tyne in 1643. He was elevated to the dukedom of Newcastle upon Tyne in 1665. He also was granted the title of Earl of Ogle as a subsidiary title for the dukedom, to be used as a courtesy title by his heir apparent. Upon his death in 1676, he was succeeded by his son, the second Duke, who was a politician. However, the second Duke's only son and heir apparent (Henry Cavendish, Earl of Ogle) predeceased him. Therefore, upon the second Duke's death in 1691, all of these many titles became extinct, except the barony of Ogle, which fell into abeyance between the second duke's four daughters (one of whom was Lady Elizabeth Cavendish).

Second creation (1694)
The second Duke's third daughter, Lady Margaret Cavendish (1661-1717), married John Holles, 4th Earl of Clare, who was incidentally her first cousin, her mother's sister's son. In 1694, the dukedom was revived when he was created Marquess of Clare and Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne. The Holles family descended from John Holles, who was created Baron Haughton, of Haughton in Nottinghamshire, in 1616 and Earl of Clare in 1624. His second son was a politician, Denzil Holles, 1st Baron Holles. Lord Clare was succeeded by his eldest son, the second Earl. He represented East Retford, Nottinghamshire, in the House of Commons and served as Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire. His son, the third Earl, was briefly MP for Nottinghamshire in 1660. He was succeeded by his son, the aforementioned fourth Earl of Clare, who married a daughter of the second Duke of Newcastle. In 1694, three years after the title became extinct, the Dukedom of Newcastle was revived and granted to the late Duke's son-in-law. The new duke of Newcastle and his wife, Lady Margaret, had only one daughter and no sons. Therefore, on his death in 1711, all his titles became extinct.

Third creation (1715) and Newcastle-under-Lyne (1756)
The Duke's sister, Lady Grace Holles (died 1700), married Thomas Pelham, 1st Baron Pelham (see Earl of Chichester for earlier history of the Pelham family). Their elder son Thomas, upon his uncle's death in 1711, succeeded to the substantial Holles estates and assumed by Royal Licence the additional surname and arms of Holles. In 1714, the earldom of Clare was revived when he was created Viscount Haughton and Earl of Clare, with remainder to his younger brother Henry Pelham. The following year, the dukedom was revived when he was made Marquess of Clare and Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne, with like special remainder. These titles were in the Peerage of Great Britain. In 1756, when his brother died without male issue and it was evident that the Duke would have no children, the Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne was additionally created Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne [sic] with a different special remainder: to his nephew-by-marriage Henry Clinton, 9th Earl of Lincoln, who rapidly took on the additional surname Pelham. (For the history of this title from the 1768 inheritance upon the 1st Duke's death, see Earl of Lincoln.) The 1st Duke's other titles became extinct, except for the Pelham baronetcy (of Laughton) and the barony of Pelham (of Stanmer), which devolved to his first cousin once-removed, Thomas Pelham. (For the history of these titles, see Earl of Chichester.)

Extensive personal, transaction and estate papers of the dukes are held in the Portland (Welbeck) and Newcastle (Clumber) collections at the University of Nottingham's Department of Manuscripts and Special Collections.

Dukes of Newcastle upon Tyne, first creation (1665)

 * also Marquess of Newcastle upon Tyne (1643), Earl of Newcastle upon Tyne (1628), Viscount Mansfield (1620) and Baron Ogle (1461)

 * William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle (1592–1676), was a Cavalier commander in the English Civil War
 * Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Newcastle (1630–1691), only surviving son of the 1st Duke, died without surviving male issue
 * daughter married 4th Earl of Clare (see below)

Earls of Clare (1624)

 * also Baron Haughton (1616)

 * John Holles, 1st Earl of Clare (1564–1637), was Comptroller of the Household to Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales
 * John Holles, 2nd Earl of Clare (1595–1666), eldest son of the 1st Earl
 * Gilbert Holles, 3rd Earl of Clare (1633–1689), second (eldest adult) son of the 2nd Earl
 * John Holles, 4th Earl of Clare (1662–1711), eldest son of the 3rd Earl; created Duke in 1694 (see section below)
 * married Lady Margaret Cavendish, daughter of Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of the first creation

Dukes of Newcastle upon Tyne, second creation (1694)

 * also Earl of Clare (1624) and Baron Haughton (1616)

 * John Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle (1662–1711), died without male issue and his titles became extinct

Dukes of Newcastle upon Tyne, third creation (1715)

 * also Earl of Clare (1714), Baron Pelham of Laughton (1706), Baron Pelham of Stanmer (1762) and Pelham Baronet, of Laughton (1611)

 * Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne (1693–1768), Prime Minister twice, a nephew of John Holles (above). He died without male issue. At this point, his father's baronetcy and barony of 1706, his own earldom and the dukedom of 1715 became extinct.

Dukes of Newcastle-under-Lyne (1756)

 * 1st Duke: also Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne (1715), Earl of Clare (1714), Baron Pelham of Laughton (1706), Baron Pelham of Stanmer (1762) and Pelham Baronet, of Laughton (1611)

 * Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne (1693–1768), same as above, was granted this second Newcastle dukedom, with remainder to his nephew
 * Henry Fiennes Pelham-Clinton, 9th Earl of Lincoln, 2nd Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne (1720–1794), nephew of the 1st Duke
 * George Pelham-Clinton, Lord Clinton (1745–1752), eldest son of the 2nd Duke, died young
 * Henry Fiennes Pelham-Clinton, Earl of Lincoln (1750–1778), second son of the 2nd Duke
 * Henry Pelham-Clinton, Earl of Lincoln (1777–1779; styled Lord Clinton until 1778), only son of Lord Lincoln, died young
 * Thomas Pelham-Clinton, 3rd Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne (1752–1795), third son of the 2nd Duke
 * Henry Pelham Fiennes Pelham-Clinton, 4th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne (1785–1851), eldest son of the 3rd Duke
 * Henry Pelham Pelham-Clinton, 5th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne (1811–1864), eldest son of the 4th Duke
 * Henry Pelham Alexander Pelham-Clinton, 6th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne (1834–1879), eldest son of the 5th Duke
 * Henry Pelham Archibald Douglas Pelham-Clinton, 7th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne (1864–1928), eldest son of the 6th Duke, died without issue
 * Henry Francis Hope Pelham-Clinton-Hope, 8th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne (1866–1941), second and youngest son of the 6th Duke
 * Henry Edward Hugh Pelham-Clinton-Hope, 9th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne (1907–1988), only son of the 8th Duke, died without male issue
 * Edward Charles Pelham-Clinton, 10th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne (1920–1988), great-grandson of Lord Charles Pelham Pelham-Clinton, second son of the 4th Duke. On his death in 1988, the dukedom ceased to have patrilineal heirs and thus became extinct.

 * see also Earl of Lincoln

England

 * Clumber Park, also known as Clumber Park Lodge, spanning Clumber and Worksop, Nottinghamshire, from 1709 until 1938, when the house was demolished.
 * Boyton Manor, Wiltshire, bought in the 1950s and sold about 1980.
 * Newcastle House, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, briefly in the 18th century.
 * Claremont, Esher, north Surrey, from 1714 to 1768.
 * A house on part of the site of the dismantled Nottingham Castle, which was on the rejection of "the Reform Bill" by the Lords set on fire by a mob, at which time it had for many years been divided into separate dwellings.
 * The 6th Duke inherited the Hope mansion of Deepdene House, Dorking, Surrey, which was sold by the 8th Duke.

Wales

 * One duke bought the retreat of Cwm Elain, Dyfryn-Elain, Cwm-Toyddwr, Radnorshire, from Sir Robert Peel. It had been sold off by 1849.
 * The heirs of Thomas Johnes (died 1816) sold Hafod Uchtryd, in Cardiganshire, together with its estate on the Ystwith, to the 4th Duke. The process of sale took from 1831 until 1833, and the price was £70,000. The Duke spent £20,000 on the property, including adding the Havod Arms Inn, four miles from the house in Llanfihangel y Creuddyn. In 1846, he sold the estate for £95,000 to Henry Hoghton.

Ireland

 * The 6th Duke inherited the Hope mansion of Castleblayney, County Monaghan, Ireland; this was sold by the 8th Duke.

Other notable descendants (last creation)

 * Camilla Long is a grand-daughter of Marjorie Pelham-Clinton (1910–2005), a first cousin of the 10th Duke and a great-granddaughter of the 4th Duke.

title: Duke of Newcastle


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Eastport, New York

Eastport is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Suffolk County, New York, on the South Shore of Long Island. The population was 1,831 at the 2010 census.

History
Eastport town is built on Shinnecock land. The present hamlet dates to 1772, when two men built the dam that formed what has come to be called the West Pond, which created a dividing line between Brookaven and Southampton. They built two mills below the dam, a saw mill and a gristmill. By 1845, the area to the east of the West Pond had come to be known as Waterville. The land to the west was called Seatuck, after a nearby creek. When, in 1860, the United States Postal Department needed to define the town to deliver mail, it combined the two areas. The name Seatuck was dropped for being too similar to Setauket, New York and the combined area was named Eastport.

Eastport was long and best known as the center of Long Island's duck industry. The first duck farms were established in the area in the 1880s. In the first half of the 20th century it was the capital of the production of Long Island ducks, producing 6.5 million ducks a year from 29 farms going to market. By 1915, the Long Island Duck Growers' Association was located in Eastport; and, in 1949, Cornell University established the Duck Disease Research Laboratory there. Routine surveillance carried out by the Duck Disease Research Laboratory identified the first case of Duck hepatitis virus (DHV-1) in the United States 1949 and, in 1967, the first case of Duck plague on the American Continent.

Practically all duck farms have been phased out and the descendants of the original farmers sold the valuable waterfront property for residential development projects.

Geography
Eastport straddles the border of the towns of Brookhaven and Southampton.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 14.0 km2, of which 13.6 km2 is land and 0.3 km2, or 2.41%, is water.

Demographics for the CDP
According to the 2020 census, there were 2,219 people, 656 households and 544 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 264.7 PD/sqmi. There were 637 housing units at an average density of 116.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 89.48% White, 1.75% Black or African American, 0.48% American Indian, 1.11% Asian, 7.08% from other races, and 7.56% from two or more races.

There were 656 households and 767 housing units, with 83.23% as married couples living together. 12% of residents live alone, within which, 10.4% are 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.00 and the average family size was 3.24.

According to the 2021 American Community Survey, the population decreased slightly from the 2020 census, down to 2,095 people. The age distribution was: 19.9% under the age of 18, 4.9% from 18 to 24, 24.1% from 25 to 44, 28.5% from 45 to 64, and 22.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.6 males. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12.6% of the population.

The median income was $121,250 and the median family income was $138,333. The per capita income for the CDP was $45,891. 6.01% of the population were below the poverty threshold, with 3.34% of those aged 60 or over.

Education
Eastport is located within the Eastport-South Manor Central School District.

Notable people

 * Scott Disick, American media personality and socialite

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Eastport, New York


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Eatons Neck, New York

Eatons Neck is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the Town of Huntington in Suffolk County, on the North Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 1,406 at the 2010 census.

There is a United States Coast Guard station at the northern tip of the hamlet.

History
In 1927, the bulk of Eatons Neck consisting of what is today known as the Morgan Estate and Two-Acre Zone was subdivided and sold by the heirs of Cornelius H. DeLamater. The Eaton Harbors Corporation was created to hold title to, and maintain, all the private beaches and roads on the former estate.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.6 km2, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,388 people, 512 households, and 419 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,378.4 PD/sqmi. There were 554 housing units at an average density of 550.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.13% White, 0.22% African American, 1.01% Asian, 0.29% from other races, and 0.36% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.15% of the population.

There were 512 households, out of which 33.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 74.6% were married couples living together, 5.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.0% were non-families. 14.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 24.1% under the age of 18, 3.2% from 18 to 24, 27.2% from 25 to 44, 30.8% from 45 to 64, and 14.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.5 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $100,663, and the median income for a family was $104,111. Males had a median income of $94,349 versus $67,083 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $44,342. About 1.9% of families and 2.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.0% of those under age 18 and 6.9% of those age 65 or over.

As of the census of 2010, there were 1,406 people, 519 households, and 412 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,406.0 per square mile. There were 575 housing units at an average density of 575.0/sq mi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.4% White, 0.2% African American, 0.9% Asian, 0.1% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.6% of the population.

There were 519 households, out of which 34.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 70.9% were married couples living together, 5.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.6% were non-families. 17.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.07.

Education
Eatons Neck is located entirely within the boundaries of (and is thus served by) the Northport-East Northport Union Free School District. As such, all children who reside within the hamlet and attend public schools go to Northport-East Northport's schools.

title: Eatons Neck, New York


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Elwood, New York

Elwood is a census-designated place (CDP) in the Town of Huntington in Suffolk County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 11,426 at the 2020 census.

The hamlet, given its location in the center of the Town of Huntington, is referred to as "The Heart Of Huntington."

History
The first settlers came to Elwood, NY in the mid to late 1800's. Not much written history can be found from this time period, but there was a book published in 1874 about Suffolk County, New York. In that book, it states that "Elwood was described as a one-and-a-half-mile area southeast of a section called Cuba."

There were large farmlands owned by a few farmers. Many people who were farmers came to Elwood to work, grow, and produce food, because of the level land and Long Island's rich soil. Elwood may have gotten its name from an early settler named Elkanah Wood; however, this is only a theory. As the Elwood community started to grow, there were few students in the schools due to families deciding that farm life and chores came before education. The need for education became more apparent with families wanting their children to go to school. In 1894 a law in New York state was passed so that every child from 8-16 was required to attend school.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 4.8 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the 2020 Census, Elwood, New York, boasts a diverse population of 11,426 residents. The age distribution reveals a youthful community with 5.2% under the age of five and 20.1% under eighteen, while seniors 65 and older make up 15.8% of the populace. Women slightly outnumber men, accounting for 50.3% of the population. In terms of racial and ethnic composition, the majority of residents are White (81.3%), followed by Black or African American (6.7%), Asian (5.6%), and those identifying with two or more races (4.8%). The Hispanic or Latino community represents 8.7% of the total population, with 75.7% of residents being White non-Hispanics.

Housing in Elwood is predominantly owner-occupied, with a high rate of 97.7%, reflecting the area's residential stability. The median value of these homes stands at $574,000, while renters can expect a median gross rent of $1,417. Educationally, the community is well-educated, with 95.6% of individuals aged 25 and over having graduated high school, and nearly half (47.7%) holding a bachelor's degree or higher.

Economically, Elwood is active, with 67.4% of the population engaged in the civilian labor force. The median household income is a robust $150,549. Commuters in Elwood face an average travel time of 43.1 minutes to work, indicative of the region's connectivity and the residents' willingness to travel for employment.

Education
The hamlet is primarily located within the boundaries of (and is thus served by) the Elwood Union Free School District. However, a small section of the hamlet's southwestern extreme is located within the boundaries of (and is thus served by) the South Huntington Union Free School District. As such, children who reside within the hamlet and attend public schools go to school in one of these two districts, depending on where they reside within the hamlet.

Transportation
Major roads in Elwood include Jericho Turnpike (New York State Route 25), Burr Road, Clay Pitts Road, Cuba Hill Road, Daly Road, Elwood Road, Little Plains Road, and Park Avenue.

Notable person

 * Anthony Cumia (born 1961) – Radio show host.

title: Elwood, New York


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Farmingville, New York

Farmingville is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the Suffolk County town of Brookhaven, New York, United States. The population was 15,481 at the 2010 census.

History
The first settlement in what is now called Farmingville occurred in the late 18th century, and was called Bald Hills and Mooney Ponds, before it eventually was called Farmingville (though the soil and hills are not good for agriculture). The Keibel Family had a 72-acre fruit and vegetable farm from 1950 till 1982. It did not have its own post office until 1950.

The home of Elijah Terry, the first teacher in the local school, was built in 1823 and sits next to the Bald Hill Schoolhouse, built in 1850. The schoolhouse is in the National Register of Historic Places.

Bald Hill, one of the highest points on Long Island, is located on the Ronkonkoma Moraine, where the glacier which formed Long Island stopped its advance. At the top of Bald Hill is Vietnam Memorial Park, which includes an obelisk-shaped monument painted red, white, and blue, which was dedicated on Nov. 11, 1991. The Bald Hill Cultural Center features the outdoor Long Island Community Hospital Amphitheater and was previously the location of a ski area from 1965 to 1980.

Demographics
Farmingville is located in central Long Island and has low crime rates. As of the census of 2000, there were 16,458 people, 5,041 households, and 4,229 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 3,642.8 PD/sqmi. There were 5,170 housing units at an average density of 1,144.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 79.9% White, 2.2% African American, 0.1% Native American, 3.7% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12.5% of the population.

There were 5,041 households, out of which 44.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.6% were married couples living together, 9.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 16.1% were non-families. 11.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.26 and the average family size was 3.51.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 28.3% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 34.3% from 25 to 44, 22.5% from 45 to 64, and 6.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.2 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $69,148, and the median income for a family was $72,750. Males had a median income of $50,075 versus $31,434 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $23,755. About 2.1% of families and 3.0% of the population were below the poverty threshold, including 3.3% of those under age 18 and 3.9% of those age 65 or over.

Arts and culture
The Bald Hill Cultural Center features the outdoor Long Island Community Hospital Amphitheater. The community has a residents association involved in such activities as planting trees and plants.

Government
Brookhaven Town Hall is located on the east side of Bald Hill in the community.

Education
The area is home to several public and private schools. The Sachem School District serves the residents of Farmingville, and Sachem High School East is located next to Brookhaven Town Hall on the east side of Bald Hill.

Transportation
Farmingville is close to the major transportation hubs, Long Island MacArthur Airport and the Ronkonkoma Long Island Rail Road station. The LIRR Medford station is also nearby. The hamlet is accessible from the Long Island Expressway, exit 63.

Notable people

 * Keith Kinkaid, ice hockey goaltender
 * Jill Nicolini, reporter and former model, actress, and reality TV show participant

title: Farmingville, New York


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Cherry Grove, New York

Cherry Grove (often referred to locally as the Grove) is a hamlet in the Town of Brookhaven, Suffolk County, New York, United States. It is located on Fire Island, a barrier island separated from the southern side of Long Island by the Great South Bay. The hamlet has approximately 300 houses on 41 acre, a summer seasonal population of 2,000 and a year-round population of 15.

Cherry Grove, along with nearby Fire Island Pines, is considered one of the most popular lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT)–accepting resort communities in the United States.

19th century
Cherry Grove dates its modern history to the 1868 purchase by Archer and Elizabeth Perkinson. They bought the land between Lone Hill (now Fire Island Pines) and the Cherry Grove Hotel from the ocean to the bay for 25 cents per acre and named the area for the black-cherry trees in the area. The Perkinsons opened a hotel in 1880. According to local legend Oscar Wilde stayed at the Perkinson Hotel.

20th century
In 1921, the Perkinson family sold all the land east of Duryea Walk to Lone Hill, and then divided what was left into 109 building lots. A lot 50 × 80 ft could be purchased for $250 or less, and ocean-front lots cost no more than a dollar a front foot. Buildings from the newly deactivated Camp Upton in Yaphank, were ported over to form the core of the new colony. A post office was established in 1922 at the site of where "Tides" (formerly "The Monster") is today; the first boardwalks were built in 1929. In 1930, Duffy's Hotel replaced the original hotel and was the only place with electricity and a phone.

The 1938 Long Island Express Hurricane destroyed much of Cherry Grove and discouraged mainlanders from coming. In their stead, the gay community that already frequented the island settled there moving from Ocean Beach, with figures such as Antoine de Paris and W. H. Auden leading the way. In the 1950s, Cherry Grove was already known as a "safe haven" or "LGBTQ mecca", one of three that included Provincetown, Massachusetts, and Key West, where they "could only fleetingly enjoy a carefree, 24-hour-a-day queer life by running off to a handful of destinations comfortably removed from a homophobic America." Only 60 miles from New York City, it was isolated because of its location off Long Island that required access by a ferry or, at the time, seaplane. The gay aura of the town supposedly arose when Christopher Isherwood and W. H. Auden arrived dressed as Dionysus and Ganymede, carried aloft on a gilded litter by a group of singing followers. The hamlet's major hotel and lounge in the 1950s was Duffy's, which burned on September 27, 1956, and was replaced by the Ice Palace Hotel. John Eberhardt, a developer who died in 2014, was credited for building the Belvedere Hotel and many other properties in the hamlet, from 1956 to the 1970s.

21st century
The Grove is home to three massive homes: Cielo E Mar (an aria from the 1876 opera La Gioconda which translates to "Sky and Sea"), the Belvedere, and Bottom of the Garden. While the Grove has its charms, several residents in 2005 expressed concerns about the lack of any services and population in the winter, the high cost of food and beverages, some "disrespectful visitors who come to party ... 'Day trippers'" (especially on the 4th of July), over-regulation of zoning by the town of Brookhaven, and a large population of voracious deer who eat up both beach grass and private gardens. A new generation of entertainers and socialites call Cherry Grove their summer home, including Hedda Lettuce, Michael Musto, Panzi, and Wanda Sykes and her wife and children.

In 2013, the Cherry Grove Community House and Theatre was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, one of only a few sites so far listed for their role in American LGBT history.

A "pop-up" urgent care center opened in 2014, which is part of Northwell Health; a golf cart for emergency medical services was also purchased for the Grove, for the new 24/7 paramedic services. Local residents "raised about $90,000 from donors to hire locally based paramedics, which have responded to more than 30 calls since May as of mid-August and will remain staffed through the end of September, when bustling crowds thin out at the beach."

In the early morning hours of March 27, 2015, an epic fire of historic proportions "destroyed" the Grove Hotel, Holly House, and two residential homes nearby; 23 fire companies responded from Fire Island and the south shore of Long Island and three firefighters were injured. The fire "engulfed" the surrounding properties, but the fire departments were able to put out the blaze, in this, "one of the most popular LGBTQ destinations." According to its social media accounts, the Ice Palace, a famous nightclub, "had negligible damage", but was not destroyed along with the hotel. The hotel has since been rebuilt.

Neighborhoods

The entire community has a single seasonal post office, on Bayview Walk near the main dock, open from May 1 to October 31, which is a popular place to congregate. Full services, such as money orders, are available at the Sayville, New York, post office, reachable from the ferry. The ZIP Code is 11782.

Despite the small size of the hamlet, at about 41 acres, the community is further divided into three or four neighborhoods, from west to east:
 * The quiet, residential West End, where the few year-round residents live in about 100 houses marked by stone chimneys, runs across the island from West Walk to Holly Walk. This was formerly the home of artist Paul Cadmus.
 * The central business district, or Town, from Holly Walk to Doctor's Walk, and the beach to the bay, includes the Fire House, Community Center/Arts Project, The Ice Palace Resort, a clinic, and the public ferry dock, as well as a few cooperatives, bars, grocery stores, art galleries, realtors, and restaurants. It is more densely settled than the rest of the hamlet. Several major structures in the center were "destroyed" by a large fire in March 2015, including the Grove Hotel (since rebuilt) and Holly House.
 * The residential East End, from Doctor's Walk to Ivy Walk, and south of Bayview Walk, consists exclusively of about 100 private homes, almost all of which are seasonal. The northeastern section of the East End, north of Bayview Walk, has a few private homes and the Belvedere Guest House for Men; some properties also have their own private docks. Once connected to Fire Island Pines, erosion and rising waters caused a collapse of the northeastern extension of Bayview Walk. Most of Bayview Walk was reconstructed in spring 2014.

Cherry Grove is accessible via two major walks (Bayview and Lewis), which are generally parallel to the beach, and sixteen minor walks (Ivy, Sumner, Maryland, Aeon, Gerard, Greene, Duryea, Doctors, Main, Ocean, Holly, Surf, Beach, Sea, East, and West), which are generally perpendicular to the beach. South Walk (not shown in the map at right) is parallel to the beach and extends between Surf and Beach Walks.

Recreation and sites of interest
The Community House, located near the intersection of Holly and Bayview Walks, provides a wide variety of public services to the Grove. Generally speaking, gay couples and activities are the norm. In 2013, the Cherry Grove Community House and Theatre was named to the National Register of Historic Places for "the enormous role it played in shaping what gradually evolved into America's First Gay and Lesbian Town."

Outdoor activities
The main outdoor attraction is the beach and the surrounding protected portions of the Fire Island National Seashore. Clothing-optional sunbathing is common at the beach. The hamlet's easternmost dunes have been nicknamed the "Meat Rack".

Entertainment and dining
There are at least six restaurants that operate within Cherry Grove, varying from pizza and breakfast to seafood and fine-dining. Also, there are at least four entertainment venues hosting plays, art shows, dancing, underwear parties, drag shows, and various community events.

As of 2005, there were five bars, but one closed during the Great Recession of the late 2000s.

Civic activities
Civic activities in the Grove include charity events and an Awards Night, during which votes are taken and titles bestowed upon residents and local businesses. The Arts Project of Cherry Grove hosts a flea market, drag shows, and a gala dinner and dance in late September.

There is a sense of civic virtue in The Grove; people volunteer at CGFD, the Cherry Grove Community Association, on environmental projects, and even painting the edges of the boardwalks.

Annual events
A big event on the Cherry Grove social calendar is the Fourth of July weekend "Invasion of the Pines", which dates back to July 4, 1976, when a resident of the Grove showed up wearing drag in Fire Island Pines and was refused service. In the 1970s, the Pines was a more-conservative, more-heterosexual community than the Grove.

There are two annual drag show contests in Cherry Grove: the Homecoming Queen show over Memorial Day weekend, and the Miss Fire Island the longest running contest the weekend after Labor Day.

Fauna and flora
The ecosystem of Cherry Grove is primarily pine barrens; however, there are several microclines and ecological niches.

Deer are common and quite tame on Fire Island. As noted, some residents consider deer to be a nuisance, while others enjoy seeing wildlife close to their summer homes.

Raccoons, foxes, squirrels, and many species of birds can be seen throughout the summer.

Cherry Grove is named for the many wild cherry trees that bloom each June in the area.

Transportation
Cherry Grove is only accessible by water with most residents and visitors using a passenger ferry or private water taxi. A small marina is also available. There are no private vehicles in this part of Fire Island, although police and service vehicles are seen on the beach from time to time. The Grove has no paved roads and the cottages and beach are only accessible using a series of wooden boardwalks.

Sayville Ferry
Cherry Grove can be accessed via the Sayville Ferry Service departing from Sayville, New York, across the Great South Bay. The Long Island Rail Road connects Sayville to New York City.

Passengers connecting between the Sayville LIRR Station and the Sayville Ferry service can pay for a shuttle van or taxi ride, or may walk or ride their bicycle the mile and a half distance. People driving cars may park in large, gravel parking lots across the street from the ferry dock.

Fire Island Water Taxi
Visitors arriving by car may park at the Robert Moses State Park "Field Five" parking lot. After reaching the Fire Island Lighthouse, the Fire Island Water Taxi will ferry paying customers to the Grove. A water taxi provides short-distance transportation for those moving from place to place along the coast of Fire Island. The fare and schedule for the taxi service varies by season.

Fire department
The Cherry Grove Fire Department (CGFD) is an all-volunteer department that has an Insurance Services Office (ISO) class 3 rating. Adjacent each of the community's 18 fire hydrants are hose sheds containing firefighting hose, hydrant adapters, and appliances that would be needed by the members to suppress a fire; this is due to the unique nature of Cherry Grove. There are no roads, only 6-foot wide boardwalks that change with the island's topography, and a typical fire engine would exceed the boardwalk's weight rating. If a fire or emergency is spotted, one should call 911. A fire siren is activated, which along with pagers, alerts the members to respond.

CGFD is a Basic Life Support First Response (BLSFR) agency, and as such has New York state certified emergency medical technicians that operate in conjunction with Cherry Grove EMS and the Suffolk County Police Department's marine bureau officers, to mitigate medical emergencies and patient transport. CGFD receives assistance from both neighboring Fire Island fire departments as well as mainland departments via ferry or fire boat (such as Sayville Fire Department) in case of large fires, as happened in March 2015 when a fire destroyed several commercial properties in the business district.

Health care
Northwell Health operates two urgent care facilities on Fire Island (one in Cherry Grove and the other in nearby Ocean Beach). These centers operate during the summer from Memorial Day through Labor Day, and are open for walk-in patient visits seven days a week from 9 to 11 a.m. and 4 to 6 pm. If patients require medical treatment outside of those hours, the Immediate Care Center's physician can be reached on call by contacting local police.

Good Samaritan Hospital, South Shore University Hospital, and Long Island Community Hospital are located across the Great South Bay from Fire Island in the Long Island hamlets of West Islip, Bay Shore, and East Patchogue, respectively. A heliport for medevac helicopter use is adjacent to Good Samaritan Hospital. Specially equipped boats provided by the Suffolk County Police Department Marine Bureau docked at the various communities on Fire Island provide emergency transportation to individuals in need of dire medical care. In many cases, Long Island based ambulances will meet the boats once they cross the Bay (roughly 4.5 miles) and then drive individuals the short distance to one of the three hospitals. Also, one emergency access road connects Long Island (West Islip) to Fire Island (Kismet). However, the road ends there and does not extend the full length of the island into the other communities.

Further reading (most recent first)

 * Brett Beemyn (ed.), Creating a Place For Ourselves: Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Community Histories. Routledge, 2013. ISBN 9781135222406.
 * Marc Lallanilla, Neil Edward Schlecht, and Brian Silverman, Frommer's New York State, Edition 5, unabridged, pp. 164–169. John Wiley & Sons, 2011. ISBN 9781118204290.
 * Esther Newton, Cherry Grove, Fire Island: Sixty Years in America's First Gay and Lesbian Town. Beacon Press, 1993. On Google Books. ISBN 9780807079270.
 * Esther Newton, Cherry Grove, Fire Island: Sixty Years in America's First Gay and Lesbian Town. Beacon Press, 1993. On Google Books. ISBN 9780807079270.

title: Cherry Grove, New York


text:
Flanders, New York

Flanders is a hamlet and a census-designated place (CDP) in Suffolk County, New York, United States. The population was 4,472 at the 2010 census. It is the location of the Big Duck.

It is located in the town of Southampton on the south side of the Peconic River at its mouth in Peconic Bay. Riverhead is across the river to the north.

Geography
Flanders is located at 40.905°N, -72.61167°W (40.905086, -72.611717).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 30.1 km2, of which 29.7 km2 is land and 0.4 km2, or 1.49%, is water.

Demographics of the CDP
As of the census of 2010, there were 4,705 people, 1,797 households, and 1,068 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 297.1 PD/sqmi. There were 1,797 housing units at an average density of 124.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 25.63% White, 21.12% African American, 8.05% Native American, 1.04% Asian, 2.08% from other races, and 12.06% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 42.08% of the population.

There were 652 households that had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.5% were married couples living together, 16.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.4% were non-families. 21.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.28 and the average family size was 3.41.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 19% under the age of 18, 5.6% from 18 to 24, 52.7% from 15 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 6,8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 149.2 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $82,868, and the median income for a family was $69,615. Males had a median income of $46,844 versus $34,833 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $26,274. About 15.7% of families and 16.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.9% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

title: Flanders, New York


text:
Fort Salonga, New York

Fort Salonga is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the Towns of Huntington and Smithtown in Suffolk County, on the North Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 10,008 at the 2010 census.

The hamlet is considered the easternmost part of the historic Gold Coast of Long Island, with the Geissler Estate being located within the hamlet.

History
One night during the Revolutionary War, Colonial forces landed on the beach in nearby Crab Meadow, and moving down the beach overtook the fort.

In the post-Civil War era the rich red clay deposits gave birth to a successful brickworks as well as other trade. Barges loaded with manure swept from the streets of New York City would arrive, and farmers from nearby towns would come to get the manure for fertilizer. The emptied barges were then loaded with bricks for the trip back to the city. One of the brick companies to operate there in the late 19th century was owned by the Brown family, whose bricks bore the initials BBB for Brown's Best Bricks. The family home on the top of the hill on Breeze Hill Road has served as the clubhouse for the Indian Hills Country Club since 1963.

The hamlet's name
The name evolved from the Revolutionary War-era British Fort Salonga, or Fort Slongo, (named after one of the fort’s architects) once located near the border of the towns of Huntington and Smithtown, overlooking the Long Island Sound.

The area was formerly known as Fresh Pond.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 25.7 km2, of which 25.5 km2 is land and 0.3 km2, or 1.12%, is water.

The Fort Salonga CDP includes the hamlet of Crab Meadow.

Demographics
At the 2000 census, there were 9,634 people, 3,225 households, and 2,715 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,068.8 PD/sqmi. There were 3,310 housing units at an average density of 367.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 96.83% White, 0.61% African American, 0.05% Native American, 1.71% Asian, 0.28% from other races, and 0.51% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.25% of the population.

There were 3,225 households, out of which 37.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 75.8% were married couples living together, 6.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 15.8% were non-families. 12.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.96 and the average family size was 3.22.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 25.9% under the age of 18, 5.1% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 29.8% from 45 to 64, and 11.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.8 males.

Fort Salonga is an affluent location, with a median family income for a household in the CDP of $98,128, and the median income for a family was $106,253. Males had a median income of $70,663 versus $51,694 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $41,933. About 2.5% of families and 3.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.4% of those under age 18 and 1.5% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The portion of Fort Salonga located within the Town of Huntington is located within the boundaries of (and is thus served by) the Northport-East Northport Union Free School District, while the portion located within the Town of Smithtown is located within the boundaries of (and is thus served by) the Kings Park Central School District. As such, children who reside within Fort Salonga and attend public schools go to school in one of these two districts, depending on where they live within Fort Salonga.

The school district boundary within Fort Salonga overlaps with the town boundaries, following Bread and Cheese Hollow Road.

title: Fort Salonga, New York


text:
Gilgo-Oak Beach-Captree, New York

Gilgo-Oak Beach-Captree, frequently just called Oak Beach, was a census-designated place (CDP) in Suffolk County, New York within the Town of Babylon. The population was 333 at the 2000 census.

Following the 2010 census, the area was delineated as two CDPs: Gilgo and Oak Beach–Captree. The original CDP contained several small beach communities on a barrier island along the southern edge of Long Island. In order from west to east, these included West Gilgo Beach (on the Nassau/Suffolk county border), Gilgo Beach, Cedar Beach (no residences), Oak Beach (including the Oak Island Beach Association), Oak Island and Captree Island. They are connected to the mainland by Ocean Parkway from the west and Robert Moses State Parkway from the north.

Prior to the 2020 census, the Oak Beach-Captree CDP was further split into the Oak Beach and Captree CDPs.

Geography
Oak Beach is located at 40.64111°N, -73.27833°W (40.641100, -73.278195).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP had a total area of 3.7 sqmi, of which 2.7 sqmi was land and 0.9 sqmi, or 25.21%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 333 people, 161 households, and 94 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 122.1 PD/sqmi. There were 305 housing units at an average density of 111.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.00% White, 0.30% African American and 2.70% Asian. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.80% of the population.

There were 161 households, out of which 14.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.9% were married couples living together, 6.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.0% were non-families. 34.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.07 and the average family size was 2.64.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 13.5% under the age of 18, 1.5% from 18 to 24, 28.8% from 25 to 44, 34.8% from 45 to 64, and 21.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females, there were 109.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.0 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $66,250, and the median income for a family was $105,870. Males had a median income of $61,250 versus $37,083 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $55,813. None of the families and 0.9% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and none of those over 64.

The census numbers are presumably for full-time inhabitants; many of these houses are second homes and not primary residences, although the proportion of seasonal residents is decreasing.

The land for these communities is not privately owned, but leased from the State of New York through the year 2050. However, the residences on the property are owned. If the leases are not renewed at some point in the future, the owners will have to move the houses elsewhere, similar to what happened at High Hill Beach when Jones Beach was created.

title: Gilgo-Oak Beach-Captree, New York


text:
Gordon Heights, New York

Gordon Heights is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the Town of Brookhaven, Suffolk County, Long Island, New York, United States. The population was 3,981 at the 2020 census.

History
Gordon Heights had its beginnings in the early 1920s, when developer Louis Fife went to Black neighborhoods in New York City (Harlem, Brooklyn, and The Bronx) with the offer of land and a better life on Long Island. Land was offered as low as $10 down and $10 monthly or $10 weekly.

Promoted as a place that would be a solid, close-knit community of small farms, the pilgrimage to Long Island began in 1927. Gordon Heights was named after "Pop" Gordon, a man who had previously owned most of the land that became part of the new community.

A civic association was formed to address the need of area residents. It would later become known as the Gordon Heights Progressive Association, which was founded in 1945. This group was the parent body of the Gordon Heights Fire Department.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 4.5 km2, of which 0.04 sqkm, or 0.80%, is water.

2010 Census
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,094 people, 856 households, and 678 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,827.0 PD/sqmi. There were 945 housing units at an average density of 558.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 62.12% African American, 24.27% White, 1.36% Native American, 1.91% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 5.14% from other races, and 5.17% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 14.51% of the population.

There were 856 households, out of which 45.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.9% were married couples living together, 24.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.7% were non-families. 14.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.53 and the average family size was 3.83.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 35.2% under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 29.4% from 25 to 44, 18.7% from 45 to 64, and 8.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.0 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $56,250, and the median income for a family was $54,450. Males had a median income of $39,120 versus $31,797 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $17,516. About 8.9% of families and 10.5% of the population were below the poverty threshold, including 10.7% of those under age 18 and 8.3% of those age 65 or over.

School district
Gordon Heights is located entirely within the boundaries of (and is thus served by) the Longwood Central School District.

Library district
Gordon Heights is located within the boundaries of the Longwood Library District.

Transportation
Gordon Heights is served by the 52A and 52B buses, operated by Suffolk County Transit. The routes both run from Gordon Heights to the Central Islip train station, with the 52A serving Coram Plaza and the 52B serving Brookhaven Town Hall. The 52A runs seven days a week, while the 52B only operates on weekdays.

title: Gordon Heights, New York


text:
Great River, New York

Great River is a suburban hamlet and CDP in the Town of Islip in Suffolk County, New York, United States. It is situated approximately 50 mi (55 mi driving) east of New York City on the South Shore of Long Island, adjoining the Great South Bay, protected from the Atlantic Ocean by Fire Island.

Great River's name is a translation of "Connetquot," an Algonquian word for "Great River." Prior to the 1900s Great River was primarily home to wealthy families on mansion estates. As of the 2010 census, the population of Great River was 1,489.

Great River's buildings include a New York City-style steak house in a turn of the century (20th) Public house, a delicatessen, a rural delivery post office and the Great River Fire Department.

Geography
Great River is located at 40.72472°N, -73.16°W (40.724626, −73.159916).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 13.4 km2, of which 11.9 km2 is land and 1.5 km2, or 11.46%, is water. The Hamlet of Great River comprises 465 land parcels. Great River CDP and the GRFD responsibilities include Heckscher State Park although most references by NY State for mailing addresses are listed as East Islip.

History
For centuries, clusters of the Algonquin people known as the Montaukett Indian Nation occupied the territory known as Secatogue, now the town of Islip. They lived in clusters located at West Islip (Secatogue), Bay Shore (Penataquit), Great River, and Oakdale (Connetquot).

On November 29, 1683, William Nicoll (Nicolls), founder of the Town of Islip and son of New York City Mayor Matthias Nicoll, was awarded the first royal patent to the east end of what is now the Town of Islip. Nicoll purchased land from Sachem (Paramount chief) Winnequaheagh of Connetquot. He named his 50000 acre plantation (an 8 by tract of land) "Islip Grange", in honor of his ancestral home of Islip (UK) in East Northamptonshire, England, from which Matthias emigrated in 1664. Nicoll's domain extended from East Islip to Bayport and embraced the present-day communities of Sayville, West Sayville, Oakdale, Great River, Islip Terrace, Central Islip, Hauppauge, Holbrook, Bohemia, Brentwood, Holtsville, and a portion of Ronkonkoma. Nicoll paid an annual quit-rent (tax) to Thomas Dongan, 2nd Earl of Limerick and Governor of the Province of New York, of five bushels of good winter wheat or twenty-five (25) shillings payable annually on March 25.

Other early land patentees were Andrew Gibb (Islip hamlet), John Mowbray (Bay Shore, originally Awixa), Stephan Van Cortlandt (Sagtikos Manor), and Thomas Willets (West Islip).

William Nicholl also purchased five islands from Winnequaheagh on November 19, 1687, including Hollins Island (a.k.a. East Fire Island.) The purchase was confirmed on a patent by Governor Dongan on June 4, 1688. Altogether William Nicoll acquired four patents for land – the final purchase was on September 20, 1697, issued by Governor Benjamin Fletcher. Under Col. Fletcher, piracy was a leading economic development tool in New York City's competition with the ports of Boston and Philadelphia. New York City had become a safe place for pirates (freebooters) who carried "real money" into the impoverished colony.

Nicoll's estate eventually became the largest manor on Long Island.

By 1710, the colonial government passed an act to enable the precinct of Islip in the County of Suffolk to elect two assessors, a collector, a constable, and a supervisor. The people finally had a voice. Growth, however, remained at a standstill until the American Revolutionary War ended when in the seventeen (17) years that followed there was more progress than in the fifty (50) years preceding. This activity was partly due to the impact of American shipping.

Great River hamlet was formerly known as Youngsport. In the 1840s the Youngs family lived about one and a half miles south of Montauk Highway on Great River Road. Erastus Youngs and his family began building and repairing boats on the west shore of the Connetquot River near Great South Bay. With hardly anyone else around (21 houses), the place was called Youngsport for thirty years. Youngsport had one store and a freight station on the South Side Railroad of Long Island two miles north of it. The inhabitants were principally known as bay men. Alva Vanderbilt (later Alva Belmont), the Oakdale socialite suffragette, bought the Youngs' home and gave it to Trinity Lutheran Parish of Brooklyn, which used it as a summer camp called "Seaside Camp" for city children. Youngsport Village's name was changed to Great River in either 1870 or 1881.

William Lawrence Breeze purchased 290 acre "Timber Point Farm" from William Nicoll in 1883.

The Great River freight station was enhanced to a passenger station in the summer of 1897.

William Nicoll 7th (great-great-great grandson of the original William) served as School Commissioner of East Islip. He was the last owner of Islip Grange. He served as Warden of Emmanuel Church in Great River for 22 years, and ministered to the small cemetery there in which he is now buried. William 7th donated part of the land on which the present East Islip Junior High School now stands.

Heckscher State Park (1600 acre), named for the industrialist August Heckscher, was part of Nicoll's original estate and the location of the Nicoll Manor house. Heckscher Park's land (Nicholls Neck) was once the location of the 19th-century estates of J. Neal Plumb (original location) and in 1886 George Campbell Taylor (1500 acre). This should not be mistaken for the similarly named, fairly close but much smaller (18.5 acre) national historic district of Heckscher Park in Huntington on the North Shore of Long Island.

Demographics
As of the 2010 census, there were 1,489 people, 503 households, and 403 families residing in the CDP, down from 1,546 people at the 2000 census. The population density was 323.7 PD/sqmi. There were 517 housing units at an average density of 112.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 96.8% White, 0.5% Black, 0.0% Native American, 1.8% Asian, 0.3% some other race, and 0.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.2% of the population.

There were 503 households, out of which 36.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.4% were headed by married couples living together, 6.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.9% were non-families. 15.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.2% were someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.96 and the average family size was 3.36.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 24.0% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 16.2% from 25 to 44, 35.0% from 45 to 64, and 15.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.5 males.

For the period 2007–2011, the median annual income for a household in the CDP was $127,578, and the median income for a family was $176,974. Males had a median income of $80,625 versus $70,781 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $57,414. Because of high margins of error, the number of persons living under the poverty line was not known.

District information
Great River votes in New York's 2nd congressional district. National elections are held at the Great River Fire Department, with local election years at Timber Point Elementary School.

Great River Post Office, at 62 Great River Road (Zip code 11739), is a rural delivery post office where all mail is only delivered to P.O. boxes required to be included in one's mailing address.

Great River spans four hurricane evacuation zones.

Public education
East Islip School District UFSD serves Great River. Students in the hamlet go to Timber Point Elementary School, East Islip Middle School, and East Islip High School. The school district's colors are red and white, and athletic teams are the Redmen (no mascot.)

Timber Point Elementary School was one of four L.I. National Blue Ribbon Schools Program honorees in 2012. The National Blue Ribbon Schools Program honors public and non-public schools whose students achieve at very high levels. The program is part of a larger U.S. Department of Education effort to identify and disseminate knowledge about best school leadership and teaching practices.

Emergency services
The Great River Fire Department (established in 1916) is a volunteer fire department, located at 108 River Road in front of Timber Point County Park, east of the entrance to Heckscher State Park. Heckscher State Park and Bayard Cutting Arboretum are serviced within Great River Fire Department district. Great River Fire Department competes as "Team River Rat."

The area lies within the Suffolk County Police Department 3rd precinct.

Exchange Ambulance of the Islips (established 1951) provides 24/7 Emergency Medical Service (EMS) coverage for Great River.

Hospitals/medical centers near Great River

 * Southside Hospital (Acute Care Hospitals, voluntary non-profit–private, provides emergency services, about 5 miles away in Bay Shore)
 * Good Samaritan Hospital Medical Care Center (Acute Care Hospitals, voluntary non-profit–church, provides emergency services, about 8 miles away in West Islip)
 * Brookhaven Memorial Hospital Medical Center (Acute Care Hospitals, voluntary non-profit–private, provides emergency services, about 9 miles away in Patchogue)
 * Stony Brook University Hospital (Acute Care Hospitals, voluntary non-profit–private, provides emergency services, about 21 miles away in Stony Brook; the largest academic medical center on Long Island)

Membership Organizations
Great River Community Association's (GRCA) mission is to foster, promote and protect the civic and community interests of the residents of Great River. GRCA sponsors a variety of events during the year for residents to enjoy. Ex: Easter Egg Hunt, Memorial Day Parade, Paint & Sip at the Firehouse, Halloween Parade, and a Holiday- Tree and Menorah Lighting Party. The community also enjoys an Annual Holiday Boat Parade complete with Grucci Fireworks on the Beautiful Connetquot River.

Troop 205 of the Suffolk County Council (Boy Scouts of America) Sagtikos District is an active participant in the community of Youth organizations in the United States. Troop 205 is proud and grateful to be sponsored by the over one-hundred (100) year old Great River, NY Fire Department (GRFD.) Eagle Scout, the highest scouting achievement, has been bestowed approximately eighty-five (85) times since 1991 to participants in Troop 205 from the local Islip area.

Transportation
Great River, a station on the Montauk Branch of the Long Island Rail Road, is located at Connetquot Avenue and Hawthorne Avenue between Sunrise Highway (NYS Route 27) and Montauk Highway (Route 27A).

Prior to the establishment of passenger service, the site of Great River Station was occupied by a freight-only station built by the South Side Railroad of Long Island and known as Youngsport Station. This was a popular stop for Gilded Age wealthy businessmen traveling to South Side Sportsmen's Club in Connetquot River State Park Preserve after the Club House Station closed in 1897.

Suffolk County Transit Bus routes also serve Great River.

Alternatively, Central Islip on the LIRR Ronkonkoma Branch is very close (seven miles to the north), with more frequent trains.

Sunrise Business Center
Sunrise Business Center located at 3500 Sunrise Highway (originally a Grumman Aerospace site and then technology reinvigorated the site as "Long Island Business & Technology Center") is a sprawling 355,000-square-foot structure offering the same technologically advanced infrastructure on Long Island that Rudin Management developed at its New York Information Technology Center at 55 Broad Street in Manhattan. A link from the building's fiber-optic network to New York National Grid's network allows high-speed transmission of data – 10 billion bits of information per second – to domestic and global networks. The 82-acre site permits the construction of 787,000 square feet of additional space.

Lessing's claims to be the USA's oldest family owned continuous operating highly diversified food service company and is headquartered in Great River.

United States Coast Guard National Response Center (NRC) is a part of the federally established National Response System and staffed 24 hours a day by the U.S. Coast Guard. for NRC Great River, NY is the headquarters at Sunrise Business Center with > 500 employees globally.

St. Joseph's College (New York) moved into 27,500 square feet of office space at Metropolitan Realty Associates' Sunrise Business Center in Great River, NY. St. Joseph's, which has campuses in Brooklyn and Patchogue, is taking the entire 4,000-square-foot freestanding building at the complex entrance.

St. George's University is a Private university, offering degrees in medicine, veterinary medicine, public health, the health sciences, nursing, arts and sciences, and business. St. George's University School of Medicine is affiliated with CityDoctors scholarship program.

Netsmart Technologies is a holding company specialized in delivering software and hardware & S/W services in the human services field, specifically for behavioral health providers such as psychiatric hospitals and mental health clinics.

Connetquot River
Connetquot River (a.k.a. Great River) is a 6 mi river particularly known for its brook, brown and rainbow trout fly fishing and Crab trapping from docks. The river flows into NYS' Nicoll Bay past Nicoll Island. Recognized by NY state as a Wild, Scenic and Recreational River Connetquot River is one of the four largest rivers on Long Island.

Connetquot River's entire habitat represents the largest undeveloped contiguous area within Suffolk County that covers an entire river watershed. However, only the Estuary portion south of Sunrise Hwy NY Rte 27 is officially named Connetquot River although in popular usage both the brook and river share the same name.

Connetquot River within the confines of Great River has multiple locations for enjoying the water including public and private docks and launch sites. There are three public locations including one with a ramp for launching mid-size Boat trailered vessels plus another launch site in NYS' Heckscher Park. There are at least two private launch sites.

Great River Ramp (a.k.a. Memorial Park) allows public access to launch mid-sized vessels from trailers. The ramp park is easily recognized by the flag pole and a large memorial stone dedicated to armed forces deceased residents. Winter season adds a holiday tree and a menorah to the entrance. Adirondack chairs donated and installed by BSA Troop 205 are also outside the gate.

Great River Dock is a small park, at approximately 400 Great River Road, with open access to the river for fishing and crabbing. However, no boat launching is permitted at this location. Picking up or dropping people here is also prohibited. The park has stations for cutting bait and working on the crabs or fish. There are benches provided by NYS and the local BSA Troop 205 donated and installed picnic tables and Adirondack seating. This is a popular location for enjoying Great River Community events such as an annual holiday boat parade on Thanksgiving weekend with Fireworks by Grucci as well as Grucci fireworks at other times of the year largely sponsored by Oakdale restaurants. The park closes at dusk except for special events and is considered very safe.

A public small sandy beach section on the main land near Nicoll Island, sometimes erroneously titled Timber Point Park due to proximity to the golf course, is water level and especially good for launching kayaks and canoes. Motorized vessels are prohibited from launching here and the shallow and sandy bottom would likely cause a "failure to launch." Great River Community Association usually sponsors an annual kayaking BBQ in the summer. Long Island schools also use it for practice of their crew teams. Nicoll Island has a stretch of clean white sand that can be reached by kayak.

Emmanuel Episcopal Church
Emanuel Episcopal Church, the "Little Chapel", on Great River Road, became a reality in 1862 when Mr. and Mrs. William Nicoll deeded one-half acre of land. The bell in the chapel tower was inscribed with the words, "Emmanuel Church, Islip, L.I., Thou shall open my lips, O'Lord and my mouth shall show thee praise".

Located at the site of the original chapel's entrance is a stained glass window from France donated by the Plum family. Tiffany glass windows known as the Sarah Nicoll's "Crown of Heaven" and the William Nicoll's "Jewel Cross" were donated as a memorial by the Nicoll family. Other Tiffany windows were also presented to Emmanuel from 1903 to 1915.

Mr. & Mrs. W. Bayard Cutting donated the funds to build and furnish the church rectory in 1889.

Emmanuel Church Cemetery is located directly behind the church. Some of those interred there are William Nicholl VII and the financier H. B. Hollins.

In 2012 Emmanuel Episcopal Church observed a year-long 150th anniversary celebration of its founding on November 16, 1862.

Timber Point Country Club
Timber Point Golf Course is a public 27-hole regulation length, full-service facility, located south of Montauk Highway in Great River. Positioned where the Connetquot River meets the Great South Bay.

Timber Point, was originally an 18-hole golf course designed by the architectural team of Colt & Alison. The club was built and formed in the Roaring Twenties, along with other prominent estates that were constructed along the South Shore during that time. The original mansion now serves as the clubhouse and still overlooks the 231 acre property, much the same way it did for club founders Horace Havermeyer, Buell Hollister and W. Kingsland Macy.

In 1925 Angel de la Torre, Spain's first golf professional, agreed to travel to the United States to play in the U.S. Open. In that same year, upon the recommendations of Captain Allison (a premier architect whom he had met in England), he accepted the position of golf professional at the newly built Timber Point Country Club. At one time, Timber Point was in the top 100 courses in the United States.

Aside from being immensely difficult as approached from the back tees (6,825 yards, par 71, in 1925), Timber Point probably offered about as much terrain-oriented variety as one could imagine. Its front nine initially ventured near the bay, then proceeded back inland through a series of British heath-like holes, then across some Pine Valley-like sandy terrain. The inward half, which was largely constructed on reclaimed marshland, included several of the boldest holes of the course, including the 460-yard par-four eleventh (featuring three distinct driving areas), the 470-yard par-four fourteenth and the 205-yard into-the-wind fifteenth, modeled after Dr. Alister MacKenzie's famous Gibraltar hole at Moortown Golf Club, England. The sixteenth and seventeen were true seaside holes, and the 510-yard eighteenth, one of the few holes routed with the prevailing breeze, offered the aggressive player a chance to close in style.

Timber Point exists in a heavily altered state since its present owner, Suffolk County, long ago turned it into a 27-hole (three courses of nine holes) facility. Were its original design still intact, it would surely rate very near the top of Long Island's best courses. The course is open seven days a week (in season), opening March 15 and with the last day of golf as December 30.

The Suffolk County Parks Department of Recreation & Conservation Golf Courses headquarters is located at Timber Point. Since the department's relocation here, the course has had substantial improvements.

Timber Point Marina
Timber Point Marina is situated on the Great South Bay within the Timber Point Country Club, divided into two separate areas that provide a total of 153 slips, a fuel dock, sewage pump-out station, restrooms, electrical hookups and water. Transient slips are also available.

Bayard-Cutting Arboretum
Bayard Cutting Arboretum State Park (690 acre) was part of the former Bayard Cutting Estate. Originally comprising 7500 acre and 12 buildings, the estate of William Bayard Cutting (1850–1912) was donated as an arboretum to the State of New York by Cutting's widow and daughter, Mrs. Olivia James.

Westbrook estate has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1973 as a national historic district.

Bayard Cutting Arboretum State Park consists of a notable large Tudor-style English country house called "Westbrook" and its surrounding landscaped gardens. The house was designed by architect Charles C. Haight in 1886 for William Bayard Cutting, who was an attorney, financier, real estate developer, sugar beet refiner and philanthropist. Located in the former Cutting residence are magnificent fireplaces, woodworkings, and stained glass windows.

An annex to the mansion was built in 1890 and contained a billiards room, a small organ, a gaming room and guest rooms.

Landscape design was done by Frederick Law Olmsted, popularly considered to be father of American landscape architecture. Olmsted was famous for co-designing many well known urban parks with his senior partner Calvert Vaux, including Central Park and Prospect Park in New York City.

Currently the manor house contains the administration office and a café.

Westbrook, Suffolk County, New York
Westbrook, a large rambling house of many gables and tall chimneys on the South Shore of Long Island, lies on the west bank of Connetquot River.

Westbrook was designed in 1886 for William Bayard Cutting (1850–1912) by the architect Charles C. Haight in the Tudor style. Scottish heather was shipped to provide thatch for the gate house, which remains at the corner of Montauk Highway and Great River Road. In 1895 Cutting and his brother Robert Fulton Cutting laid out a golf course at Westbrook, known to be the first private golf course in the United States.

Heckscher State Park
Heckscher State Park (1469 acre), known as the "Home of the White-tailed Deer", is on the shore of the Great South Bay. Islip's founder, William Nicoll, originally built his Islip Grange estate on this property.

Heckscher Park was once the 19th century estate of J. Neal Plum and then George Campbell Taylor. The park was purchased by the State of New York using a donation by the affluent August Heckscher in 1929.

The park offers a beach, a boat launch, pavilions with picnic tables, a playground, playing fields, recreation programs, hiking, biking, fishing, and cross-country skiing. Unfortunately, a campground with tent and trailer sites, an olympic-sized swimming pool and a food concession are all closed due to NYS funding cuts (2015.)

The park is accessible by the Heckscher State Parkway (end of the Southern State Parkway) at the last exit, No. 46.

The Long Island Philharmonic plays a concert in the park every July.

Suffolk County Marathon To Support Our Veterans, initiated in 2015, starts and ends in Heckscher State Park during mid September. "Taste of Long Island" food festival begins in the park after the Marathon.

Lorillard Estate and Racing Stable
George L. Lorillard (March 26, 1843 – 1892) was an American, New York City tobacco tycoon and a prominent Thoroughbred racehorse owner. Lorillard owned a mansion on 800 acre of Long Island, located north of Montauk Highway and west of Connetquot Road, that is now Bayard-Cutting Arboretum. He built a large stable and racing horse training track. Lorillard's racing stable was handled by horse trainer R. Wyndham Walden. They won the Preakness Stakes a record five straight years between 1878 and 1882, the Belmont Stakes in 1878, 1880, and 1881 and the Travers Stakes in 1878 and 1880. Among George Lorillard's best horses were Saunterer, Vanguard, Grenada, Tom Ochiltree, and Duke of Magenta. In 1878, Duke of Magenta won the Preakness Stakes, the Withers Stakes, the Belmont Stakes, and the Travers Stakes, a feat accomplished since by only two other colts: Man o' War and Native Dancer. Even 2015's American Pharoah won the current American Triple Crown but finished a close second in a hard-fought Travers Stakes snapping a winning streak of eight races.

The United States Congress shut down on October 24, 1877, for a day so its members could attend "The Great Race" at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore, Maryland. The event was a 2.5 mi match race run by a trio of champions: Ten Broeck, Tom Ochiltree and Parole. Ten Broeck, the Kentucky champion, was owned by F. B. Harper. Tom Ochiltree, the Eastern champion and winner of the 1875 Preakness Stakes, was owned by George L. Lorillard. Parole, a gelding, was owned by Pierre Lorillard IV, George's brother. Parole, with jockey William Barrett up, prevailed with a late run, crossing the finish line three lengths ahead of Ten Broeck and six ahead of Tom Ochiltree, which had helped to set the early pace with legendary jockey George Barbee in the irons. An estimated 20,000 people crowded into Pimlico to witness the event. The Great Race is depicted in a four-ton stone bas-relief — copied from a Currier & Ives print and sculpted in stone by Bernard Zuckerman – hanging over the clubhouse entrance at Pimlico. It is 30 ft long and 10 ft high and is gilded in 24-karat gold leaf.

In 1884 George Lorillard sold much of his estate to William Bayard Cutting.

Notable people
* Olivia Peyton Cutting (née Murray) (1855–1949,) the daughter of Bronson Murray of Murray Hill family, was married to William Bayard Cutting. Mrs. Cutting's children are William Bayard Cutting, Jr., Bronson M. Cutting, Justine Bayard Cutting (Ward,) and Olivia M. Cutting (James.) Mrs. Cutting sat as mythical Phaedra for the French artist Alexandre Cabanel's Phaedra portrait. This work was exhibited in the Salon of 1880 and later donated by Cabanel to the Musée Fabre.
 * William Nicoll (Nicholls), an English aristocrat who was awarded a royal patent, purchased "East of Islip" surrounding land on November 29, 1683.
 * William Nicoll 3rd, known as "Lawyer Nicoll", served as Clerk of Suffolk County, New York from 1749 until his death in 1780. He erected St. Johns Episcopal Church and Cemetery.
 * Benjamin Nicoll, brother of William Nicoll 3rd. Benjamin left a widow, Charity Floyd, who eventually married the Reverend Doctor Samuel Johnson.
 * William Nicoll 4th, the fourth owner of Islip Grange, lived only 39 years. During his lifetime, the Nicoll estate dwindled to 40000 acre.
 * William Nicoll 7th, School Commissioner of East Islip, New York, was the last owner of Islip Grange. He served as Warden of Emmanuel Episcopal Church in Great River for 22 years and ministered to the small cemetery there in which he is buried. William 7th also donated part of the land on which the present (2015) East Islip Junior High School now stands.
 * Frances Louisa Nicoll, wife of Civil War brevet lieutenant colonel and eventually Civil War Union Brigadier general William Ludlow. Frances was sister to William Nicoll 7th.
 * George L. Lorillard (March 26, 1843 – 1892), tobacco manufacturer and racehorse owner
 * Marie Louise Lafarge (Lorillard), later Countess Di Agreda (Spain), was married to George L. Lorillard.
 * William Bayard Cutting, attorney, financier, real estate developer, sugar beet refiner, ferry operator, railroad baron and philanthropist, owned a 992 acre estate in Great River eventually given to the people of Long Island by Bayard Cutting's widow, Olivia, and daughter, Olivia, as Bayard Cutting Arboretum State Park. Mr. Cutting was a member and Vice President of the South Side Sportsmen's Club.
 * Cutting children born in Great River
 * William Bayard Cutting, Jr. (1878– d. 1910 of tuberculosis) secretary to the US embassy to the Court of St James for the Sovereign of the United Kingdom.
 * Bronson M. Cutting, born in Great River, Republican to the United States Senate from New Mexico, publisher, and military attaché who was killed in an airplane crash.
 * Justine Bayard Cutting (Ward) (1879–1975), daughter of William Bayard Cutting, was born in Great River. She developed the Ward Method of music education as a way to teach sight-singing to children in Catholic schools to promote the Gregorian chant.
 * Olivia M. Cutting (James) (1892–1949), married Pulitzer Prize awardee Henry James (biographer), son of psychologist William James, in 1917 but eventually ended in divorce.
 * Angel de la Torre, Spain's first golf professional, was golf pro at Timber Point Golf Course in 1925.
 * Philip Boyle (1961–), Republican, 2013 New York 4th Senatorial District Senator, lived in Great River at one time and is still active in the Great River Fire Department in 2015.
 * Tim Melia (1986–), born in Great River, May 15, 1986, is an American soccer player who plays goalie (# 29) for Sporting Kansas City (2015– ) of Major League Soccer. Melia played for the Long Island Rough Riders in the USL Premier Development League in 2007.
 * LeeAnn Lewis (née Vogel) Competitive United States Golf Association (USGA) female U.S. amateur golfer.

Filmography

 * The Age of Innocence, directed by Martin Scorsese and starring Daniel Day-Lewis, Winona Ryder, Michelle Pfeiffer and Joanne Woodward, based on the 1920 novel by Edith Wharton, about the Gilded Age, portraying New York's high society, filmed the Archery/lawn party scene (1:28,) at the historic Bayard Cutting Arboretum.

title: Great River, New York


text:
Greenlawn, New York

Greenlawn is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Suffolk County, New York, United States. Located on Long Island in the Town of Huntington, the population was 13,742 at the 2010 census. Students primarily attend the Harborfields Central School District.

History
Originally known as Old Fields, it became known by the name Greenlawn with the coming of the Long Island Rail Road in 1870 or 1871. The LIRR chose the name Greenlawn for its station, apparently to project an idyllic rural/suburban image and foster resort travel to the beaches in Centerport. Greenlawn was well known for its pickle production during the 19th century as well as, to a lesser degree, potato and cabbage farms; the principal commodity, pickles, is still celebrated by the annual Pickle Festival, held by the local Greenlawn-Centerport Historical Association at the John Gardiner Farm. The Gardiner family was the first to make a name for themselves as pickle farmers in the region but a former enslaved man, Samuel Ballton, earned the moniker "The Pickle King" for becoming a prolific pickle farmer in Greenlawn in the early 1900s.

Geography
Greenlawn is located at 40.85778°N, -73.36583°W (40.857648, -73.365932).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the census-designated place (CDP) has a total area of 3.7 sqmi, all land.

Demographics of the CDP
As of the census of 2010, there were 13,742 people, 4,560 households, and 3,345 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 3,714.1 PD/sqmi. There were 4,722 housing units at an average density of 1,276.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 74.0% White, 13.9% African American, 0.4% Native American, 4.1% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 4.9% some other race, and 2.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12.5% of the population.

There were 4,560 households, out of which 39.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.8% were headed by married couples living together, 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.6% were non-families. 22.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.8% were someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.94 and the average family size was 3.45.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 25.6% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 22.7% from 25 to 44, 28.2% from 45 to 64, and 16.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.8 males.

For the period 2007–2011, the median annual income for a household in the CDP was $92,664, and the median income for a family was $116,768. Males had a median income of $73,659 versus $59,107 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $40,484. About 2.1% of families and 3.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.8% of those under age 18 and 9.6% of those age 65 or over.

Films

 * The independent film Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas was filmed in Greenlawn in late 2005 and early 2006.
 * The independent film L.I.E. had shots filmed in Harborfields High School.

Events

 * Greenlawn is well known for its annual pickle festival.
 * Members of the Greenlawn Fire Department hold an annual Greenlawn Firemans Fair on Labor Day weekend. First held in 1906, it is known as the oldest and largest in New York state.

Notable people

 * The artist Cindy Sherman grew up in Greenlawn. She attended, and graduated from Harborfields High School
 * The pop singer Mariah Carey grew up in Greenlawn. She attended, and graduated from Harborfields High School.
 * Jeff Hawkins, born in 1957 in Huntington, New York, and who graduated from Harborfields High School in 1975, is the founder of Palm Computing where he invented the Palm Pilot, and Handspring where he invented the Treo.
 * Fay Kellogg, called the foremost woman architect in the US, summered on a farm that she owned in Greenlawn. She also designed and supervised the building of Greenlawn's post office east of Broadway behind the train station in 1911.
 * Christine Frederick, home economist and proponent of Taylorism, performed household experiments from her house on Cuba Hill Road.
 * The late Karl Linnas, surveyor and alleged war criminal and Nazi collaborator in Nazi-occupied Soviet Estonia during World War II.
 * The late Charles Ludlam, actor, playwright and founder of the Theater of the Ridiculous in New York City, grew up in Greenlawn and graduated from Harborfields High School.
 * Sara Whalen (born 1976), Olympic medalist soccer player
 * Clark Gillies, Hockey Hall of Famer, Four time Stanley Cup Champion (1979-1983), and former Captain on the New York Islanders resided in Greenlawn until his death in January 21, 2022.

Historical Sites

 * John Gardiner Farm - Original house was built in the 1750s. The property is now owned by the Greenlawn-Centerport Historical Association.

title: Greenlawn, New York


text:
Greenport, Suffolk County, New York

Greenport is a village in New York's Suffolk County, on the North Fork of Long Island. It is located within the Town of Southold and is the only incorporated community in the town. The population was 2,197 at the 2010 census.

Greenport was a major port for its area, having developed a strong fishing and whaling industry in the past, although currently there are only a handful of commercial fishing vessels operating out of the village. More recently the tourism industry has grown substantially.

History
Greenport was first settled in 1682 and incorporated in 1838. Greenport was once a whaling and ship building village, and since 1844, has been the eastern terminal station on the north fork for the Long Island Rail Road.

During Prohibition, rum running and speakeasies became a significant part of Greenport's economy. Greenport's residents knew the waters well and could outrun the coastguard. Restaurants on the east end, including Claudio's in Greenport, served the illegal booze. Many of the village's older structures are included in the Greenport Village Historic District, which was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Police department disbanded
Village residents voted 617–339 in November 1994 to disband their nine-member police department. The department, which was established in 1947, was shut down after a grand jury investigation into a series of scandals. Since the shutdown, police services have been provided by the Southold Town Police Department. In 2005, trustees established a local chapter parapolice organization of volunteer vigilantes, Guardian Angels, to patrol the village.

Code Enforcement & Fire Prevention

In June 2016, the Village of Greenport began enforcing its own vehicle and traffic code, marking the first time since 1994 the Village enforced its traffic laws. The Village of Greenport Code Enforcement & Fire Prevention Department continue to enforce the Village Code, as well as a number of other Federal, State and Local rules & regulations.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.2 sqmi, of which 1.0 sqmi is land and 0.2 sqmi  (20.66%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,048 people, 776 households, and 446 families residing in the village. The population density was 2,142.7 PD/sqmi. There were 1,075 housing units at an average density of 1,124.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 76.17% White, 14.26% African American, 0.39% Asian, 0.54% Pacific Islander, 4.74% from other races, and 3.91% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 17.24% of the population.

There were 776 households, out of which 28.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.1% were married couples living together, 16.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.5% were non-families. 34.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.10.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 23.2% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 23.7% from 25 to 44, 21.8% from 45 to 64, and 22.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.3 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $31,675, and the median income for a family was $36,333. Males had a median income of $36,848 versus $22,165 for females. The per capita income for the village was $17,595. About 21.2% of families and 19.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 33.7% of those under age 18 and 11.7% of those age 65 or over.

In 2010, the breakdown was as follows:
 * 53.6% White
 * 34.0% Hispanic
 * 10.0% Black
 * 0.5% Asian
 * 0.1% Native American
 * 0.5% some Other Race
 * 1.5% Two or More Races

Tourism
Greenport is also known for its tourism during the summer. It has a locally famous 1920s carousel, located near the waterfront. The village is also the home of the East End Seaport Museum & Marine Foundation, which hosts the annual Maritime Festival each September. The museum is housed in the former station house of the Greenport Long Island Rail Road station, while the East end of the Railroad Museum of Long Island is located in the former freight house. The new station is the terminus of the Long Island Rail Road.

Most of the tourism stems from maritime activities, as well as proximity to the more than 40 vineyards on the East End of Long Island. It has many small shops and boutiques, ice cream parlors, bed-and-breakfasts, and restaurants ranging from fine-dining to paper-napkin crab shacks and is home to Claudio's Restaurants, the oldest single-family owned restaurant until it was sold in 2018. The building itself is over 150 years old.

Government
The Mayor of the Village of Greenport is George Hubbard, Jr., who was elected in March 2015. He succeeded Mayor David Nyce, under whom Hubbard served as a Trustee and Deputy Mayor. The Village is governed by a five-member board of Trustees, of which the Mayor is the chair and a voting member. The Mayor and Trustees serve four-year terms. Village Trustee Jack Martilotta, elected in March 2015, serves as Deputy Mayor. The other Trustees are Peter Clarke (elected March 2019), Mary Bess Phillips (first elected March 2009, re-elected in 2013 and 2017), and Julia Robins (first elected March 2013, re-elected 2017).

Schools
The Greenport Union Free School District provides public education for the area. Students from Greenport and Greenport West are zoned in the district as well as students in grade 7–12 from Orient and East Marion who go to Oysterponds Elementary School. The main building at 720 Front Street serves as a Junior–Senior High School and the back annex serves as an Elementary School and Kindergarten.

The Old Kindergarten Schoolhouse was Greenport's first schoolhouse. It was located on the North Road. In 1832, a larger schoolhouse was built on Front Street and Greenport students transferred to the new location. In 1879, the first kindergarten was established and the old schoolhouse was moved from the North Road to 4th Avenue and South Street (now the location of the Greenport Fire Department). Greenport students attended kindergarten in the building until 1932.

In 2005, the Old Kindergarten Schoolhouse was moved to its present site on Front Street and with oversight by the Greenport Improvement Committee, was restored with matching funds from the Village of Greenport and New York State. The building is now the Village's historic interpretive center and a venue for community meetings and events.

Houses of worship

 * Saints Anargyroi, Taxiarchis and Gerasimos Greek Orthodox Church, 702 Main Street, Greenport, NY 11944
 * Clinton Memorial A.M.E. Zion Church, 614 3rd Street, Greenport, NY 11944
 * First Baptist Church of Greenport, 654 Main Street, Greenport, NY 11944
 * Holy Trinity Episcopal Church, 768 Main Street, Greenport, NY 11944
 * St. Agnes Church, 523 Front Street, Greenport, NY 11944
 * St. Peter's Lutheran Church, 71305 Main Road, Greenport, NY 11944
 * Congregation Tifereth Israel, 500 4th Street, Greenport, NY 11944

Transportation
Greenport station is the eastern terminus of the Long Island Rail Road's Main Line, where a shuttle service to Ronkonkoma with stops in other North Fork towns is available. At Ronkonkoma, passengers can connect to New York City bound trains. It is also served by Suffolk County Transit's S92 bus route, which runs from Orient Point Ferry Terminal to East Hampton via Riverhead. Hampton Jitney's North Fork Line also brings passengers to New York City.

In Greenport, train and bus passengers can connect to the North Ferry to Shelter Island where they can connect to a ferry to North Haven.

Sister City
Parrsboro, Nova Scotia, Canada.

title: Greenport, Suffolk County, New York


text:
Greenport West, New York

Greenport West is a census-designated place (CDP) in Suffolk County, New York, United States. The population was 2,124 at the 2010 census.

Greenport West is in the Town of Southold.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 8.6 km2, of which 8.3 km2 is land and 0.3 km2, or 3.75%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,679 people, 750 households, and 459 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 505.2 PD/sqmi. There were 1,283 housing units at an average density of 386.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 90.95% White, 5.72% African American, 0.06% Native American, 0.36% Asian, 1.43% from other races, and 1.49% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.96% of the population.

There were 750 households, out of which 20.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.7% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.7% were non-families. 31.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.82.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 19.4% under the age of 18, 4.9% from 18 to 24, 21.9% from 25 to 44, 26.6% from 45 to 64, and 27.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.6 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $44,063, and the median income for a family was $56,364. Males had a median income of $47,500 versus $28,375 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $26,322. About 3.2% of families and 5.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.9% of those under age 18 and 9.6% of those age 65 or over.

Schools

 * Greenport Union Free School District

title: Greenport West, New York


text:
Halesite, New York

Halesite is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the Town of Huntington in Suffolk County, on the North Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 2,498 at the 2010 census.

History
Halesite is named after Nathan Hale, a captain and spy in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War who arrived at Long Island at Huntington Harbor (at the site now named Halesite) just prior to his capture and execution. There is a rock with a tribute to him off the traffic circle at Mill Dam Road and New York Avenue.

From the mid-19th century until about the time of World War I, Halesite was served by a trolley line which brought passengers from Amityville through Downtown Huntington to the end of New York Avenue, at the northwest end of Halesite. Tourists were able to enjoy Halesite Park, which commands a view of Huntington Harbor.

Well-known persons who spent time or lived in Halesite include comedian/singer Fanny Brice, public servant and businessman George B. Cortelyou, and scientist Albert Einstein.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.5 km2, of which 2.3 km2 is land and 0.2 km2, or 9.41%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,582 people, 1,014 households, and 707 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 2,991.9 PD/sqmi. There were 1,049 housing units at an average density of 1,215.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 95.27% White, 1.59% African American, 0.08% Native American, 0.93% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.77% from other races, and 1.32% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.10% of the population.

There were 1,014 households, out of which 29.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.1% were married couples living together, 7.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.2% were non-families. 23.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 21.2% under the age of 18, 5.7% from 18 to 24, 30.0% from 25 to 44, 30.0% from 45 to 64, and 13.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.5 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $96,972, and the median income for a family was $122,842. Males had a median income of $67,438 versus $52,632 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $46,652. About 1.8% of families and 3.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.4% of those under age 18 and 20.4% of those age 65 or over.

Institutions
The area has been protected by the Halesite Fire Department since 1901. Halesite is also served by a United States Post Office branch, although its zip code is the same as that of the hamlet of Huntington (11743). Huntington Hospital sits along the southern boundary of Halesite.

Landmarks
The East Shore Road Historic District is located within the hamlet.

title: Halesite, New York