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Androscoggin County, Maine

Androscoggin County (French: Comté d'Androscoggin) is a county in the U.S. state of Maine. As of the 2020 census, the county's population was 111,139. Its county seat is Auburn and its most populous city is Lewiston.

Androscoggin County comprises the Lewiston-Auburn, Maine Metropolitan Statistical Area and is partially included in the Lewiston-Auburn, Maine, Metropolitan New England City and Town Area. It is also a part of the Portland-Lewiston-South Portland, Maine Combined Statistical Area.

Bates College is in the Androscoggin County city of Lewiston.

History
Demand for a new county emerged when the residents of the rapidly growing town of Lewiston complained of the long distance they had to travel to reach Wiscasset, the county seat of Lincoln County, in which Lewiston was originally located. It was also an impractical circumstance as Lewiston's neighbor, Auburn, was part of Cumberland County. As the growing partnership of the two towns emerged, the case for the towns to be in the same county grew. Different plans were discussed, including Lewiston joining Cumberland County. Eventually, the idea of a new county came to the table. The debate then became over which town would be the center of the new county. Bath, Brunswick, and Lewiston each desired the distinction. Lewiston eventually won the debate. Androscoggin County was created in 1854 from towns originally in Cumberland County, Lincoln County, Kennebec County, and Oxford County.

The next issue centered on where to put the county seat, as both Lewiston and Auburn desired to be named the county seat. It would eventually be put to a vote, with both towns putting different offers on the table, including ideas to cut the costs of the new county buildings for surrounding towns. Auburn would eventually win a convincing victory, with the towns on each side of the river voting for the town on their side. As more people then lived to the west of the Androscoggin River, Auburn won the vote.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 497 sqmi, of which 468 sqmi is land and 29 sqmi (5.9%) is water. It is the second-smallest county in Maine by total area, after neighboring Sagadahoc County.

The Androscoggin River flows through the center of the county, as well as forming a short part of the county line with Sagadahoc County in the south. The Adroscoggin Riverlands State Park lies along the river, north of Auburn. The county is also the site of Poland Spring, the original source of the bottled water brand bearing its name.

Adjacent counties

 * Franklin County – north
 * Kennebec County – northeast
 * Sagadahoc County – southeast
 * Cumberland County – south
 * Oxford County – west

2010 census
At the 2010 census, there were 107,702 people, 44,315 households, and 28,045 families living in the county. The population density was 230.2 PD/sqmi. There were 49,090 housing units at an average density of 104.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the county was 92.8% white, 3.6% black or African American, 0.7% Asian, 0.4% American Indian, 0.4% from other races, and 2.0% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.5% of the population. The largest ancestry groups were as follows: 21.2% cited English ancestry, 20.5% French Canadian, 20.1% French (not counted in the previous group), 15.5% Irish, 8.1% German, and 5.0% American.

Of the 44,315 households, 30.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.8% were married couples living together, 12.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 36.7% were non-families, and 28.3% of households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.88. The median age was 39.8 years.

The median household income was $44,470 and the median family income was $55,045. Males had a median income of $41,554 versus $31,852 for females. The per capita income for the county was $22,752. About 9.7% of families and 14.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.0% of those under age 18 and 12.4% of those age 65 or over.

2020 census
At the 2020 census, there were 111,132 people and 45,825 households living in the county. The population density was 237.5 PD/sqmi inhabitants per square mile. There were 50,844 housing units at a density of 102.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the county was 90.6% white, 5.4% black or African American, 1.1% Asian, and 2.0% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin accounted for 2.2% of the population. The largest ancestry groups were: 19.7% English, 18.6% French, 14.6% Irish, 5.7% German, 4.7% Italian, 3.7% Scottish, and 2.1% Subsaharan African. 10.6% of the population over age 5 spoke a language other than English at home.

The median household income was $64,500, and $73,029 for families. The per capita income was $34,273. At 12.7%, Androscoggin County has a poverty rate nearly 2% higher than the state as a whole. The poverty rate for those under 18 was 19.4% and 8.5% for individuals aged 65 and over.

Newspapers

 * The Sun Journal prints a daily newspaper in four different editions statewide. The Sun Journal was the recipient of the 2008 New England Daily Newspaper of the Year and the 2009 Maine Press Association Newspaper of the Year.

Presidential elections
In presidential elections, Androscoggin County is considered a "swing area" by most political standards, with a fairly even split between Democratic and Republican voters. It was the only county in Maine to be won by Democrats Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1932 and George McGovern in 1972. Jimmy Carter also carried the county twice. In 1984 and 1988, it went for Republican candidates Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush, who also won the state of Maine. However, the county swayed in favor of Republican Donald Trump for both the 2016 and 2020 elections; even as the state as a whole was won by Democrats Hillary Clinton and Joe Biden, respectively.

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State politics
In 2012, the county voted 54% against Maine Question 1, 2012 – a measure to legalize same-sex marriage, but the referendum passed in the state with 53%.

County government
Androscoggin County is governed by an elected county commission consisting of seven members representing single-member districts. Currently, the county commissioners are:

• District 1 Edouard Plourde (D)

• District 2 Roland Poirier (D)

• District 3 Brian Ames (R)

• District 4 Garrett Mason (R)

• District 5 Andrew Lewis (D)

• District 6 Terri Kelly (R)

• District 7 Sally A. Christner (R)

Incorporated towns and cities

 * Auburn
 * Durham
 * Greene
 * Leeds
 * Lewiston
 * Lisbon
 * Livermore
 * Livermore Falls
 * Mechanic Falls
 * Minot
 * Poland
 * Sabattus
 * Turner
 * Wales

Census-designated places

 * Greene
 * Lisbon
 * Lisbon Falls
 * Livermore Falls
 * Mechanic Falls
 * Sabattus
 * Turner

Economy
Some agriculture exists here. Androscoggin is especially known for poultry ranking #1 in the state for the poultry and egg category from 77 producing farms. The county is also top in the state for hog and pig production.

title: Androscoggin County, Maine


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Tāwhaki

In Māori mythology, Tāwhaki is a semi-supernatural being associated with lightning and thunder.

Genealogy
The genealogy of Tāwhaki varies somewhat in different accounts. In general, Tāwhaki is a grandson of Whaitiri, a cannibalistic goddess who marries the mortal Kaitangata (man-eater), thinking that he shares her taste for human flesh. Disappointed at finding that this is not so, she leaves him after their sons Hemā and Punga are born and returns to heaven. Hemā is the father of Tāwhaki and Karihi. Tāwhaki grows up to be handsome, the envy of his cousins, who beat him up and leave him for dead. He is nursed back to health by his wife, who feeds the fire that warms him with a whole log of wood. In memory of this incident, their child is named Wahieroa (Long-piece-of-firewood) (Biggs 1966:450). In some versions Tawhaki is the father of Arahuta. She was the cause of a quarrel between her parents, and her mother Tangotango took her to heaven, where they were afterwards joined by Tāwhaki.

Avenges his father
Hemā, while looking for a gift for his son, trespasses into the land of the Ponaturi, who are evil beings. They capture him and Urutonga, blinding Hemā in the process. While journeying to rescue his parents, Tāwhaki meets and marries Hinepiripiri, to whom is born their son, Wahieroa. Tāwhaki and his brother Karihi rescue their enslaved mother, who tells them that light is fatal to the Ponaturi. Eventually, with the help of their mother, they trick the Ponaturi, who have returned to their house to sleep. Tāwhaki and his brother hide, after having blocked up all the chinks of the house so that no light can enter. When the Ponaturi begin to think that the night is very long, Urutonga reassures them that there is still a long time until dawn comes. They then set fire to the house, and open the door. The Ponaturi are killed by the fire and the exposure to the sunlight. The only survivors are Tonga-Hiti and Kanae.

Climbs into the heavens
Tāwhaki and his young brother set off to climb up to the sky. At the foot of the ascent they find their grandmother, Whaitiri, now blind, who sits continually counting the tubers of sweet potato or taro that are her only food. Whaitiri is the guardian of the vines that form the pathway into the sky. The brothers tease her by snatching them away, one by one, and upsetting her count. Eventually, they reveal themselves to her and restore her sight. In return, she gives them advice about how best to make the climb into the sky. Karihi tries first, but makes the error of climbing up the aka taepa, or hanging vine. He is blown violently around by the winds of heaven, and falls to his death. Tāwhaki climbs by the aka matua, or parent vine, recites the right incantations, and reaches the highest of the 10 heavens. There he learns many spells from Tama-i-waho, and marries a woman named Hāpai, or as others say, Tangotango or Maikuku-makaka. They have a son, and according to some versions of the story it is this child who is named Wahieroa (Biggs 1966:450).

Tribal versions
In a country like New Zealand, each tribe has a different version (or series of related versions) of a story like Tāwhaki; actually, the stories told by each storyteller within a tribe would be different, and the same storyteller would tell a slightly different tale each time it was told. To illustrate this variation in a small way, and to demonstrate that there is no one correct way to tell the story of Tāwhaki, two versions from different tribal groups are presented below.

Arawa version
In an 1850 version of Tāwhaki by Hohepa Paraone of the Arawa tribe of Rotorua (Paraone 1850:345-352, White 1887:115-119 (English), 100-105 (Māori), Tāwhaki is a mortal man who is visited each night by Hāpai, a woman from the heavens. When Hāpai becomes pregnant, she tells Tāwhaki that if their child is female, he is to wash her. After their daughter Puanga is born, Tāwhaki washes her, but expresses disgust at the smell. Offended, Hāpai takes the child, climbs onto the roof of the house, and disappears into the sky.

After some months, Tāwhaki decides to go and find Hāpai and Puanga. He sets off with his two slaves. He warns the slaves not to look at the fortress of Tongameha as they pass by. One of the slaves looks, and Tongameha gouges out his eyes. Tāwhaki and the remaining slave go on, and meet Matakerepō, an old blind woman, guarding the vines (or ropes) that lead up into the heavens. Matakerepō is an ancestress of Tāwhaki's. As Matakerepō counts out her ten taro tubers, Tāwhaki removes them one by one.

Matakerepō, aware that someone is deceiving her, begins to sniff the air, and her stomach distends, ready to swallow the stranger. She sniffs towards the south, and towards all the winds. When she sniffs towards the west she catches Tāwhaki's scent and calls out 'Are you come with the wind that blows on my skin?' Tāwhaki grunts, and Matakerepō says, 'Oh, it is my grandson Tāwhaki.' Her stomach begins to shrink. Had he not been from the west wind, she would have swallowed him.

Matakerepō asks Tāwhaki where he is going. He replies that he is searching for his wife and daughter; his wife is a daughter of Whatitiri-matakamataka (or Whaitiri) and has returned to the heavens. Matakerepō shows him the pathway, advising him to set off in the morning. Tāwhaki's slave prepares a meal. Tāwhaki takes some cooked food and rubs it on the eyes of the old woman. Matakerepō is instantly cured of her blindness. In the morning, Tāwhaki presents his slave to Matakerepō, who chants a spell to help him as climbs. When he reaches the heavens, Tāwhaki disguises himself as an old slave and assists his brothers-in-law to build a canoe. Each night, the brothers-in-law return to their village, where Tāwhaki's wife and daughter are living. Pretending to be unable to keep up, Tāwhaki lets the brothers-in-law go on ahead, and returns to work on the canoe, arriving at the village much later. The next morning, Tāwhaki and the brothers-in-law return; seeing the canoe, the brothers-in-law are surprised by all the work that has been done. Each evening, Tāwhaki sits in the special seat of Hāpai, despite the protests of the villagers. These deeds of Tāwhaki bring him to Hāpai's attention, and she asks him who he is. Tāwhaki resumes his true appearance and is recognised by his wife. He performs rituals of dedication over their daughter.

Ngāti Porou version
In a legend committed to manuscript by Mohi Ruatapu of Ngāti Porou in 1971 (Reedy 1993:25-33, 126–134), Tāwhaki is a descendant of Māui. Whaitiri, a granddaughter of Māui, marries Kaitangata and has Hemā. Hemā marries Rawhita-i-te-rangi, and has Tāwhaki and his younger brother Karihi. Tāwhaki and Karihi set off to find their grandmother Whaitiri. They come to a village where a kawa (open ceremony) is being performed for Hine-te-kawa's house. They hide in the walls of the house and listen to the incantations. As the ceremony ends, Tāwhaki and Karihi leap out and kill all the people except Hine-te-kawa, who sleeps with Tāwhaki that night. She shows them the pathway they must take into the sky; it has pegs as footholds. Karihi makes several attempts at the climb, but falls to his death on the second attempt. Tāwhaki takes Karihi's eyes and makes the climb. He comes upon Whaitiri, his blind grandmother, counting out twelve taro for her grandchildren, who are away at the village of Tama-i-waho. Tāwhaki removes the taro tubers one by one, until Whaitiri realises that it must be her grandson who she had foretold would come to find her. Tāwhaki places Karihi's eyes into her eyes, and her sight is restored. Tāwhaki busies himself tidying his grandmother's village, and washes and cares for her. Tāwhaki catches marries Maikuku, one of Whaitiri's granddaughters; the other granddaughters escape to Tama-i-waho's village, up in the second sky. When they look down and see Tāwhaki and Maikuku making love outdoors, they are offended and come down and take Maikuku away into the sky. Tāwhaki, desperate to find his wife, who is pregnant, tries to ascend on a kite, but the evil Tama-i-waho sends a hākuai, a mythical bird, to attack the kite, causing Tāwhaki to fall. Tāwhaki then turns himself into a harrier hawk, and takes off. Using his adze Te Rakuraku-o-te-rangi, Tama-i-waho cuts off one of the wings of the hawk, and Tāwhaki falls to his death. After Tāwhaki's death, Maikuku bears him a son, named Wahiroa.

Flood myth
Some versions of the Māori story of Tāwhaki contain episodes where the hero causes a flood to destroy the village of his two jealous brothers-in-law. He directs his own people to relocate their village to the top of the mountain Hikurangi. A comment in Grey's Polynesian Mythology may have given the Māori something they did not have before — as A.W Reed put it, "In Polynesian Mythology Grey said that when Tāwhaki's ancestors released the floods of heaven, the earth was overwhelmed and all human beings perished — thus providing the Māori with his own version of the universal flood" (Reed 1963:165, in a footnote). Christian influence has led to the appearance of genealogies where Tawhaki's grandfather Hema is reinterpreted as Shem, son of Noah of the biblical deluge. In Tahiti the legend ran as follows Tahiti was destroyed by the sea : no man, nor hog, nor fowl, nor dog survived. The groves of trees and the stones were carried away by the wind They were destroyed, and the deep was over the land. But two persons, a husband and a wife, were saved When the flood came, the wife took up her young chicken, her young dog, and her kitten ; the husband took up his young pig [These were all the animals formerly known to the natives; and as the term fanaua, 'young,' is both singular and plural, it may apply to one or more than one chicken, etc.]. The husband proposed that they should take refuge on Mount Orofena, a high mountain in Tahiti, saying that it was lofty and would not be reached by the sea.But his wife said that the sea would reach to Mount Orofena, and that they had better go to Mount O Pitohito, where they would be safe from the flood So to Mount O Pitohito they went; and she was right, for Orofena was overwhelmed by the sea, but O Pitohito rose above the waste of waters and became their abode. There they watched ten nights, till the sea ebbed, and they saw the little heads of the mountains appearing above the waves.

When the sea retired, the land remained without produce, without man, and the fish were putrid in the caves and holes of the rocks. They said, " Dig a hole for the fish in the sea." The wind also died away, and when all was calm, the stones and the trees began to fall from the heavens, to which they had been carried up by the wind. For all the trees of the land had been torn up and whirled aloft by the hurricane. The two looked about, and the woman said, "We two are safe from the sea, but death, or hurt, comes now in these stones that are falling. Where shall we abide?" So the two dug a hole, lined it with grass, and covered it over with stones and earth. Then they crept into the hole, and sitting there they heard with terror the roar and crash of the stones falling down from the sky. By and by the rain of stones abated, till only a few stones fell at intervals, and then they dropped one by one, and finally ceased altogether. The woman said, "Arise, go out, and see whether the stones are still falling." But her husband said, "Nay, I go not out, lest I die.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Tāwhaki


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Tangotango

In Māori mythology, Tangotango (sometimes called Hāpai) was a celestial woman who fell in love with the great hero Tāwhaki and came to earth to become his wife. After bearing him a daughter, Arahuta, they quarreled and she returned to heaven. Tāwhaki and his brother set out on a great adventure to find her.

title: Tangotango


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Karihi

Karihi is a brother or cousin of Tāwhaki in Māori mythology.

His father Hemā was killed by the ponaturi, so Karihi, with his mother and his brother Tāwhaki, killed all but two ponaturi in revenge. They tricked the ponaturi into entering a house, and then locked them in, claiming there was still time before the dawn. They then opened the door after the sun was up, the ponaturi died at the exposure to sunlight.

According to the Ngāi Tahu account, Karihi died when, in his attempt to climb to heaven, he was blown away by the wind of Uru-Tonga. In some versions, Tāwhaki then took the eyes of his younger brother Karihi to their blind grandmother Matakerepo Whaitiri.

According to the Ngāi Tūhoe account of this attempted climb toward heaven Karihi survived. It was Karihi who suggested to his brother that they hide in the thatch of the roof of the house of the ponaturi.

title: Karihi


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Hinepiripiri

In Māori mythology Hinepiripiri occurs in some versions of the legend of Tāwhaki as Tāwhaki's wife and the mother of Wahieroa (Reed 1963:165).

Hinepiripiri nursed Tāwhaki back to health after he was attacked and left for dead by two of his brothers-in-law, jealous that their wives preferred the handsome Tāwhaki to them. Hinepiripiri helped him back to their house, and brought home a long piece of timber for the fire, to keep him warm. Shortly afterwards, a son was born to them, and named Wahieroa. The name, meaning 'long piece of firewood', was chosen to fix in their son's mind the wrong that had been done to Tāwhaki, in order that one day Wahieroa might avenge him (Reed 1963:165).

title: Hinepiripiri


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Woodford County, Kentucky

Woodford County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 26,871. Its county seat is Versailles. The area was home to Pisgah Academy. Woodford County is part of the Lexington-Fayette, KY Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the center of the Bluegrass region of Kentucky.

History
The county was formed from a part of Fayette County, Virginia in 1788. It was named for William Woodford, an American Revolutionary War general from Virginia who died while a prisoner of war in 1780. It was the last of the original nine counties established that formed the Commonwealth of Kentucky in 1792.

Scott County was formed from part of the county in 1792. Franklin County took another part of the county in 1794.

Queen Elizabeth II stayed in Woodford County at Lane's End Farm in May 2007. She also attended the Kentucky Derby in Louisville.

Pisgah Academy
Pisgah Academy was a school in Woodford County. It was established by Col. Alexander Dunlap. The Library of Congress has photographs of the church and academy.

The Kentucky Historical Society has a photograph of the school building.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 192 sqmi, of which 189 sqmi is land and 3.3 sqmi (1.7%) is water.

Adjacent counties

 * Franklin County (northwest)
 * Scott County (northeast)
 * Fayette County (east)
 * Jessamine County (southeast)
 * Mercer County (southwest)
 * Anderson County (west)

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 23,208 people, 8,893 households, and 6,643 families residing in the county. The population density was 122 /sqmi. There were 9,374 housing units at an average density of 49 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the county was 92.08% White, 5.41% Black or African American, 0.13% Native American, 0.31% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 1.13% from other races, and 0.93% from two or more races. 2.99% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 8,893 households, out of which 35.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.90% were married couples living together, 9.70% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.30% were non-families. 21.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 25.40% under the age of 18, 7.90% from 18 to 24, 31.20% from 25 to 44, 25.10% from 45 to 64, and 10.40% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.20 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $49,491, and the median income for a family was $58,218. Males had a median income of $39,284 versus $27,972 for females. The per capita income for the county was $22,839. About 5.20% of families and 7.30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.00% of those under age 18 and 13.10% of those age 65 or over.

Tourism
Woodford County is home to one of Kentucky's oldest bourbon whiskey distilleries, Labrot & Graham (established 1812, now owned by Brown–Forman, which produces the Woodford Reserve brand); the Life Adventure Center, an equine and outdoor experience to assist youth affected by trauma; and the Kentucky Castle.

Education

 * Huntertown Elementary
 * Northside Elementary
 * Southside Elementary
 * St. Leo's (Serves K-8/Private)
 * Simmons Elementary
 * Woodford County High School
 * Woodford County Middle School
 * Woodford Christian School K-5 (Private)
 * Midway University

Politics
Since 1956, Woodford County has generally voted Republican at the federal level. However, it sometimes votes for Democrats statewide, which it did for Andy Beshear in the 2019 and 2023 gubernatorial elections.

Notable residents

 * William Taylor Barry
 * Dr. Lyman Beecher, for one year
 * James W. Blackburn, former secretary of state of Kentucky
 * Joseph Clay Stiles Blackburn, former U.S. senator, representative, and governor of Panama Canal Zone
 * Luke P. Blackburn, former governor of Kentucky
 * John Cabell Breckinridge, vice-president of the United States
 * William Campbell Preston Breckinridge, Representative from Kentucky
 * John Buford, Union cavalry officer during the American Civil War, was born in Woodford County but grew up in Illinois.
 * Alexander Campbell
 * Albert Benjamin "Happy" Chandler, Sr., Governor of Kentucky, baseball commissioner
 * Ben Chandler, U.S. Representative
 * James Clark
 * John Conlee, country music singer
 * John J. Crittenden, governor of Kentucky
 * Charles W. Field, United States Army officer and Doorkeeper of the United States House of Representatives
 * Chris Hogan, New York Times best-selling author, motivational speaker, financial guru
 * George B. Kinkead, who served as Kentucky secretary of state
 * Thomas Marshall (1730–1802), colonel of the 3rd Virginia Regiment in the American Revolution; father of the future Chief Justice John Marshall
 * Chad Pennington, former NFL quarterback
 * Charles Scott, Brig. General during the American Revolution and fourth Governor of Kentucky 1808-12
 * William Shatner, actor
 * William T. Sterling, Wisconsin legislator and pioneer
 * William A. Trimble, United States Senator

Cities

 * Midway
 * Versailles (county seat)

Unincorporated communities

 * Millville
 * Nonesuch
 * Mortonsville
 * Milner
 * Pinckard
 * Huntertown
 * Mundy's Landing
 * Pisgah
 * Wallace
 * Troy
 * Keene
 * Jackson Town
 * Clover Bottom

title: Woodford County, Kentucky


text:
Matuku

Matuku may refer to:

 * Matuku (bird), monotypic genus of a Miocene heron from New Zealand
 * Matuku Island, Fiji
 * Matuku (Tonga)
 * Matuku-tangotango, monster in Māori mythology
 * Māori language name for the Australasian bittern

title: Matuku


text:
Wolfe County, Kentucky

Wolfe County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,562. Its county seat is Campton. The county is named for Nathaniel Wolfe, one of the first two graduates of the University of Virginia School of Laws in 1829 and a loyal Unionist attorney for Jefferson County, Kentucky.

History
Wolfe County was formed on March 5, 1860, from portions of Breathitt County, Morgan County, Owsley County and Powell County. It was named for Nathaneal Wolfe, a member of the legislative assembly.

Campton, the county's seat was reportedly formed from camp town in Wolfe County. A small creek winding through Campton, Swift Creek, is named after Jonathan Swift of the legend of Swift's silver mine. Swift supposedly buried treasure in the area which has never been recovered.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 223 sqmi, of which 222 sqmi is land and 0.6 sqmi (0.3%) is water.

Adjacent counties

 * Menifee County (north)
 * Morgan County (northeast)
 * Magoffin County (east)
 * Breathitt County (southeast)
 * Lee County (southwest)
 * Powell County (northwest)

National protected area

 * Daniel Boone National Forest (part)

State protected area

 * Natural Bridge State Resort Park, home to Torrent falls

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 7,065 people, 2,816 households, and 1,976 families residing in the county. The population density was 32 /sqmi. There were 3,264 housing units at an average density of 15 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the county was 99.24% White, 0.24% Black or African American, 0.08% Native American, 0.03% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.06% from other races, and 0.33% from two or more races. 0.51% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 2,816 households, out of which 33.60% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.30% were married couples living together, 12.50% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.80% were non-families. 27.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.96.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 25.90% under the age of 18, 9.40% from 18 to 24, 28.50% from 25 to 44, 23.50% from 45 to 64, and 12.70% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 98.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.10 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $19,310, and the median income for a family was $23,333. Males had a median income of $23,859 versus $18,952 for females. The per capita income for the county was $10,321. About 29.90% of families and 35.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 50.20% of those under age 18 and 26.70% of those age 65 or over.

Wolfe County is the poorest county in the United States, by median household income.

Politics
Wolfe County, like most of Eastern Kentucky, is historically Democratic. In 2000, George W. Bush narrowly won the county and became the first Republican to do so, but the county still proved its Democratic loyalty by supporting John Kerry by a comfortable margin in the next election. However, the county has indeed drifted away from the Democrats at the presidential level as Mitt Romney won the county 60% to 30% in 2012, and Donald Trump with an even wider margin of 68% to 28%.

Wolfe remained reliably Democratic at the state level for some time after ceasing to favor the Democratic Party at the presidential level; it voted against Matt Bevin in both of his gubernatorial elections. Wolfe County has not voted for a Republican gubernatorial candidate since 1979 when it voted for Republican and former Governor Louie Nunn over Democrat John Y. Brown Jr. Along with nearby Elliott County, it was, until 2020, one of only two counties in Kentucky to have voted against Senator Mitch McConnell in each of his elections. In 2020, however, both counties voted for McConnell over his Democratic challenger, Amy McGrath.

Events
The annual Swift Silver Mine Festival is held on Labor Day weekend each year. It includes a parade and vendors in the downtown Campton area.

City

 * Campton (county seat)

Census-designated place

 * Hazel Green

Other unincorporated places

 * Baptist
 * Bear Pen
 * Bethany
 * Flat
 * Lee City
 * Olivia
 * Pence
 * Pine Ridge
 * Trent
 * Valeria

Notable people

 * Pete Center, who pitched for the Cleveland Indians in the 1940s.
 * Folk artist Edgar Tolson; Ralph Rinzler of the Smithsonian Institution was impressed by Tolson's figures, and included them in the 1971 Festival of American Folklife.
 * South Trimble, politician, born near Hazel Green
 * Tyler Booth, Country singer, grew up near the city Campton, Kentucky.

title: Wolfe County, Kentucky


text:
Whitley County, Kentucky

Whitley County is a county located in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,712. Its county seat is at Williamsburg, though the largest city is Corbin, and the county's District Court (a trial court of limited jurisdiction) sits in both cities. Whitley County is included in the London, KY Micropolitan Statistical Area.

History
The area now encompassed by Kentucky's Whitley County was first bounded in 1772, when all of what is now the state of Kentucky was in the frontier county of Fincastle County, Virginia. Fincastle was divided in 1776, with the western portion named Kentucky County, Virginia. In 1780, Virginia set aside all land in Kentucky County for soldiers who had served in the Revolutionary War. Kentucky County was divided into 3 counties, Jefferson, Fayette, and Lincoln. Lincoln County was divided in 1799, with part of becoming Knox County. On January 17, 1818, the Legislature removed the southwest portion of Knox to create a separate subdivision, named Whitley County. In 1912, some of the previous Whitley area was partitioned off to create McCreary County.

The new county was given the name of Whitley in honor of William Whitley, noted pioneer and Indian fighter. In the years prior to 1818, many skirmishes were fought between Indians and hunters and trappers in the area. Colonel William Whitley, is famous locally for fighting many of these battles within the area, safeguarding the Wilderness Road, as well as for his service in the War of 1812, where he was killed at the Battle of the Thames. The county seat, Williamsburg, is also named for Colonel Whitley, with the first court held at the home of the town's earliest resident, Samuel Cox.

Thomas Walker was the first known white man to see Whitley County. His expedition began in 1750. During his passage he named the Cumberland River, after the Duke of Cumberland. The estimated population of Whitley County in 1818 was 500. It had increased to 7,522 by 1860; that number includes 186 slaves. Extension of a railroad spur into Whitley County (1883) provided significant impetus to its continued growth. Industry began to flourish - primarily lumber mills and coal mines. The Whitley County courthouse burned in 1931. It was replaced with federal funding.

Its rugged terrain, densely forested woodlands, and a history of conflict with local Indian tribes all combined to make for a very slow rate of growth in Whitley County. The development of the coal mining industry in the area towards the late 1800s spurred on population growth as poor families from neighboring states rushed into the county and led to the formation of Corbin, still the largest city in Whitley County.

North Corbin, just north of Whitley County is home to Sanders Cafe, which is the birthplace of Kentucky Fried Chicken. It was founded there by Harland David Sanders, better known as Colonel Sanders, in 1930.

Law and government
The current elected officials of Whitley County are:

 * County Judge/Executive: Pat White Jr.
 * County Magistrate: Scotty Harrison
 * County Magistrate: Michael Jarboe
 * County Magistrate: Raleigh Meadors
 * County Magistrate: Mondo Cima
 * County Attorney: Don R. Moses
 * County Coroner: Andy Croley
 * County Treasurer: Nicholas Simpson
 * County Sheriff: Bill Elliotte
 * County Surveyor: Robert Moses
 * Property Valuation Administrator: Ronnie Moses
 * County Clerk: Carolyn Wilson
 * Circuit Court Clerk: Gary Barton

In congress Whitley county is served by Hal Rogers of the 5th congressional district.

Whitley County is a historically Republican county, and part of the pro-union bloc of southern Kentucky. Although it does not match the nearby counties of Clay, Leslie, Jackson, Owsley, Monroe and the newer McCreary (all originally formed from Whitley) in having never voted Democratic, the only Democrats who have carried the county were Woodrow Wilson in 1912 (when the Republican Party was bitterly divided) and Lyndon Baines Johnson over Barry Goldwater in 1964, with Goldwater losing by three votes.

Public corruption
From 2009 to 2011, young journalist Adam Sulfridge and his editor Samantha Swindler of the Times-Tribune (Corbin, KY) worked to expose corruption in the Whitley County Sheriff's Department. Then-Sheriff Lawrence "Larry" Hodge (R) was first elected in 2002. Sheriff Hodge built his reputation as a tough crime fighter, but most residents did not know the Sheriff accepted money in exchange for allowing defendants to walk free. Sheriff Hodge also stole seized firearms and drug evidence, according to the Times-Tribune and affidavits filed by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.

On November 8, 2010 (while he was still Sheriff), a Whitley County grand jury returned a 21-count indictment against Hodge. He remained Sheriff until the end of 2010, as he was defeated in the Republican Party primary earlier in the year (May) in a landslide by Colan Harrell, who won in the general election in November. In the late spring of 2011, Hodge appeared in United States District Court for the Eastern District of Kentucky in London and pleaded to an 'information.' That summer, Hodge was sentenced to 15.5 years in federal prison for drug trafficking, money laundering and extorting persons arrested by his department (with Williamsburg attorney Ronnie "Ron" W. Reynolds, who was sentenced to three years in federal prison for his part in the crimes). Kentucky state auditors determined at least $200,000 had been stolen or was otherwise missing from Sheriff Hodge's official accounts.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 445 sqmi, of which 438 sqmi is land and 7.3 sqmi (1.6%) is water.

Whitley County is located within the Cumberland Plateau of southeastern Kentucky, which is greatly overlapped by the broad Eastern Coal Field region of the state. Because of its location in the midst of Cumberland Mountains, elevations in the county range from 723 to 2220 ft above sea level. 38000 acre of western Whitley County are preserved within the Daniel Boone National Forest. Cumberland Falls, in Cumberland Falls State Resort Park, is the largest waterfall in Kentucky. Both Daniel Boone Forest and Cumberland Falls State Park are operated by the Kentucky State Parks system, also located in the county. The county contains two regionally significant waterways, the Laurel and Cumberland rivers.

Geographic features

 * Cumberland Falls
 * Cumberland Plateau
 * Cumberland River
 * Jellico Mountain
 * Laurel River
 * Laurel River Lake

Adjacent counties

 * Laurel County - north
 * Knox County - northeast
 * Bell County - east
 * Claiborne County, Tennessee - southeast
 * Campbell County, Tennessee - south
 * McCreary County - west

National protected area

 * Daniel Boone National Forest (part)

Major highways

 * Interstate 75
 * U.S. Route 25W
 * Kentucky Route 11
 * Kentucky Route 26
 * Kentucky Route 90
 * Kentucky Route 92
 * Kentucky Route 312
 * Kentucky Route 904

Airport

 * KBYL, Williamsburg-Whitley County Airport

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 35,865 people, 13,780 households, and 9,894 families residing in the county. The population density was 82 /sqmi. There were 15,288 housing units at an average density of 35 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the county was 98.37% White, 0.34% Black or African American, 0.23% Native American, 0.20% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.09% from other races, and 0.76% from two or more races. 0.69% of the population were Hispanics or Latinos of any race.

There were 13,780 households, out of which 33.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.90% were married couples living together, 13.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.20% were non-families. 25.20% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.01.

The age distribution was 25.80% under 18, 10.80% from 18 to 24, 27.30% from 25 to 44, 23.20% from 45 to 64, and 12.90% who were 65 or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.60 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $22,075, and the median income for a family was $27,871. Males had a median income of $26,518 versus $17,001 for females. The per capita income for the county was $12,777. About 21.60% of families and 26.40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 34.10% of those under age 18 and 19.00% of those age 65 or over.

Economy
Whitley County's economy has always relied heavily on its natural resources, particularly coal and timber from the area's heavily forested, mountainous terrain. Due to the rough territory created by the Cumberland Mountains, agriculture in the county has historically been less significant, although tobacco and corn are grown in some areas.

K-12
Three public school districts serve the county:
 * Whitley County School District
 * The largest of the three districts, it serves the county outside of the cities of Corbin and Williamsburg.
 * Williamsburg Independent School District
 * Serves the city of Williamsburg with a single K-12 school.
 * Corbin Independent School District
 * Serves the entire city of Corbin, making it one of the few districts in Kentucky whose boundaries cross county lines.

Colleges and universities
The University of the Cumberlands (formerly known as Cumberland College), located in Williamsburg, is the largest private university in Kentucky, and the only university with its main campus in Whitley County. The school's sports teams play on the NAIA level and provide college level sporting events for the local community.

In addition, Eastern Kentucky University maintains a branch campus in the Whitley County portion of Corbin just outside Woodbine.

Alcohol sales
Whitley County, which had historically been dry, is now officially classified by the state as a moist county - sale of alcohol in the county is prohibited except in certain areas as voted on by the residents of the area, including at least one area of the county allowing full retail alcohol sales. In Whitley County, the areas that permit alcohol sales are:
 * The city of Corbin voted in February 2012 to allow full retail alcohol sales in the city limits after voting in 2006 to allow by the drink alcohol sales in qualifying restaurants.
 * The city of Williamsburg voted in June 2016 to allow full retail alcohol sales in the city limits after voting in 2012 to allow by-the-drink alcohol sales in qualifying restaurants.

Cities

 * Corbin (partly in Knox and Laurel counties)
 * Williamsburg (county seat)

Census-designated places

 * Emlyn
 * Pleasant View
 * Rockholds

Unincorporated communities

 * Canada Town
 * Carpenter
 * Gatliff
 * Goldbug
 * Julip
 * Mountain Ash
 * Packard
 * Piney Grove
 * Saxton
 * Siler
 * Wofford
 * Woodbine
 * Yaden

title: Whitley County, Kentucky


text:
Webster County, Kentucky

Webster County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,017. Its county seat is Dixon and its largest city is Providence. It is the southernmost county in the Evansville, IN–KY Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county was formed in 1860 from parts of Henderson, Hopkins, and Union Counties and named for American statesman Daniel Webster (1782–1852). It was mainly pro-Confederate during the American Civil War and was the site of several skirmishes and some guerrilla warfare. Since 2018 it has been a moist county, with Providence and Sebree voting to allow alcohol sales, and Clay doing so in 2022.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 336 sqmi, of which 332 sqmi is land and 3.7 sqmi (1.1%) is water. Webster County is part of the Western Coal Field region of Kentucky.

Adjacent counties

 * Henderson County (north)
 * McLean County (northeast)
 * Hopkins County (southeast)
 * Caldwell County (south)
 * Crittenden County (southwest)
 * Union County (northwest)

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, 5,272 households, and 3,716 families residing in the county. The population density was 42 /sqmi. There were 5,936 housing units at an average density of 19 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the county was 91.4% White, 4.1% Black or African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 2.3% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. 4.3% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 5,272 households, out of which 27.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.5% were non-families. 25.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 2.98.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 25.9% under the age of 19, 5.8% from 20 to 24, 25% from 25 to 44, 28.2% from 45 to 64, and 15.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.1 years. 49.7% of the population is male and 50.3% female.

The median income for a household in the county was $39,635, and the median income for a family was $49,580. Males employed full-time had a median income of $41,662 versus $26,502 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,879. About 11.9% of families and 16% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.9% of those under age 18 and 11.6% of those age 65 or over.

Government officials

 * County Judge/Executive - Stephen "Steve" Henry
 * Providence Magistrate - Tony Felker
 * Sebree/Slaughters Magistrate - Bob Hardison
 * Dixon/Clay Magistrate - Chad Townsend
 * County Attorney - William Clint Prow
 * Coroner - Todd Vanover
 * Sheriff - William “Billy” Braden
 * Jailer - Morgan McKinley
 * County Surveyor - Keith Whitledge
 * Property Valuation Administrator - Jeffrey D. Kelley
 * County Clerk - Valerie Franklin Newell
 * Circuit Clerk - Janet Cole

National Association of Counties

Cities

 * Clay
 * Dixon (county seat)
 * Providence
 * Sebree
 * Slaughters
 * Wheatcroft

Census-designated places

 * Onton
 * Poole (partially in Henderson County)

Other unincorporated communities

 * Blackford
 * Derby
 * Diamond
 * Elmwood
 * Fairmont
 * Free Union
 * Hearin
 * Jolly
 * Lisman
 * Little Zion
 * Ortiz
 * Pratt
 * Stanhope
 * Vanderburg
 * Wanamaker

Notable residents

 * Robert A. Baker, psychologist, author, influential skeptic, and Past Fellow of the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry
 * William O. Head, mayor of Louisville, Kentucky from 1909 to 1913
 * Kristen Johnson, Miss Kentucky USA 2005, 2nd runner-up Miss USA 2005, Miss Kentucky Teen USA 2000, 2nd runner-up Miss Teen USA 2000, Miss Photogenic
 * Chris Knight, musician/songwriter.
 * Cale Young Rice, American poet and dramatist.
 * Laban Lacy Rice, educator, author, and President of Cumberland University
 * Garrett L. Withers, represented Kentucky in both the United States Senate and the House of Representatives
 * Amy Slaton-Halterman, reality TV star
 * Tammy Slaton, reality TV star

title: Webster County, Kentucky


text:
Wayne County, Kentucky

Wayne County is a county in the U.S. state of Kentucky along the southern border with Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,555. Its county seat is Monticello. The county, on the south-central border with Tennessee, was named for Gen. Anthony Wayne, a Revolutionary War hero. As of November 3, 2020, Wayne County is a wet countya measure allowing the sales and consumption of alcoholic drinks passed by a margin of 4,901 for and 3,966 against.

History
The first known European-American settlers to visit the area were longhunters who arrived in the 1770s. They established a temporary camp near Mill Springs on the Cumberland River. Benjamin Price built a log cabin in 1775, and Price's Station became one of the earliest Kentucky settlements. This was still an area of Cherokee homeland territory, and conflicts arose between the groups as more Americans settled here.

Many Revolutionary War veterans followed Price, including Joshua Jones, who arrived in 1794, Jonathan and James Ingram in 1796, Cornelius Phillips in 1798, and Isaac West in 1799. Veterans, they had each been given land grants in the area, in lieu of back salary payments by the United States government from the war.

Wayne County was formed December 13, 1800, from Pulaski and Cumberland counties. It was the 43rd county in the state and is named for General "Mad Anthony" Wayne, a hero of the American Revolution and the Northwest Indian War. Wayne's victory at the Battle of Fallen Timbers virtually ended the Indian threat against Kentucky settlers.

The area was developed for agriculture, and planters used enslaved African Americans as laborers. Early in the Civil War, Confederate Army General Felix Zollicoffer made his headquarters in the Brown-Lanier House at Mill Springs. He was killed at the Battle of Mill Springs on January 19, 1862, when he mistook some Union troops for his own and approached them. The Union men shot him dead, and without their leader, the Confederate were defeated.

During the winter of 1861, the Confederate Government Of Kentucky issued an act to rename Wayne County to Zollicoffer County in honor of Felix Zollicoffer, who died at the Battle of Mill Springs.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 484 sqmi, of which 458 sqmi is land and 26 sqmi (5.4%) is water.

The county's elevation ranges from 656 to 1870 ft ASL, at the Monticello/Wayne County Airport the elevation is 963 ft. Wayne County is located in the Pennyrile Plateau (image) and Eastern Coal Field (image) regions of Kentucky.

Adjacent counties

 * Russell County - northwest/CST Border
 * Pulaski County - northeast
 * McCreary County - east
 * Scott County, Tennessee - southeast
 * Pickett County, Tennessee - south/CST Border
 * Clinton County - west/CST Border

National protected area

 * Daniel Boone National Forest (part)

Time zone boundary
Wayne County is on Eastern Time; however, its western border, shared with Clinton and Russell Counties, is part of the Eastern/Central time zone boundary, as is its southern border with Pickett County, TN. Wayne County observed Central time until October 2000; an account of this change is documented in an article by Dr. Stanley Brunn of the University of Kentucky.

The county has the tz database zone identifier America/Kentucky/Monticello.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 19,923 people, 7,913 households, and 5,808 families in the county. The population density was 43 /sqmi. There were 9,789 housing units at an average density of 21 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the county was 96.98% White, 1.49% Black or African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.11% Asian, 0.47% from other races, and 0.78% from two or more races. 1.46% of the population were Hispanic or Latino any race.

There were 7,913 households, out of which 33.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.90% were married couples living together, 10.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.60% were non-families. 23.90% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 2.94.

The county population contained 25.30% under the age of 18, 8.90% from 18 to 24, 28.10% from 25 to 44, 24.00% from 45 to 64, and 13.60% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 97.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.90 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $20,863, and the median income for a family was $24,869. Males had a median income of $24,021 versus $18,102 for females. The per capita income for the county was $12,601. About 24.60% of families and 29.40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 34.90% of those under age 18 and 31.50% of those over age 64.

Notable people

 * Dick Burnett, partially blind fiddle player who wrote the popular song "Man of Constant Sorrow" in the early 1900s. Burnett also played the guitar and banjo, and made several highly regarded recordings in the late 1920s. Born near Monticello in 1883.
 * Emry Arthur, early folk and country musician and recording artist active in the 1920s and 1930s. Born in 1902 in the Elk Spring Valley area of the county. Recorded a popular version of Burnett's "Man of Constant Sorrow" in 1928.
 * Polly Berry, an enslaved woman in St. Louis, Missouri, who gained freedom for both herself and her daughter through two freedom suits in court. She had lived as a child in Wayne County before her master took her to Illinois (a free state) and Missouri.
 * Lettice Bryan, author of The Kentucky Housewife (1839), a popular cookbook, lived in Wayne County in the 1830s and 1840s when her cookbook was published.
 * Shelby M. Cullom (1829–1914), Governor of Illinois (1877–1883); U. S. Senator (1883–1913)
 * Preston H. Leslie (1819–1907) - Governor of Kentucky (1871–1875); Governor of Montana (1887–1889)
 * Harriette Simpson Arnow (1908–1986) was an American novelist and historian, who was born in Monticello, Wayne County, Kentucky.
 * Hal Rogers, US Congressman (1981–present)
 * Kenny Davis, US Olympic basketball player (1972)
 * John S. Van Winkle, former Secretary of State of Kentucky
 * Ephraim L. Van Winkle, former Secretary of State of Kentucky

Historical attractions

 * William Crenshaw Kennedy, Jr. Memorial Museum and Genealogy Library
 * Doughboy Monument, located on the Monticello town square, in honor of World War I soldiers
 * Mill Springs Mill (1877) and Park, a water-powered overshot gristmill that is still operating
 * Brown-Lanier House - Historic home associated with the Civil War Battle of Mill Springs/Logan's Crossroads
 * Raccoon John Smith Cabin - early home of religious leader and Restoration Movement founder

City

 * Monticello (county seat)

Unincorporated communities

 * Barrier
 * Big Sinking
 * Cooper
 * Duncan Valley
 * Fall Creek
 * Frazer
 * Frisby
 * Hidalgo
 * Mill Springs
 * Parmleysville
 * Powersburg
 * Rockybranch
 * Roger's Grove
 * Steubenville
 * Sunnybrook
 * Windy

Education
Wayne County Schools operates the county's public schools.

On June 30, 2013 Monticello Independent Schools merged into Wayne County schools.

Vocational education in the county has been provided by Wayne County Vocational School from 1971 to the present. Its name has changed several times during that period; it is presently knows as Wayne County Area Technology Center (ATC). It is managed by The Office Of Career And Technical Education. The school serves secondary students enrolled in Wayne County High School. Programs include Health Science, Welding, Carpentry, Machine Tool, Automotive, Industrial Maintenance, and Business.

title: Wayne County, Kentucky


text:
Washington County, Kentucky

Washington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,027. Its county seat is Springfield. The county is named for George Washington. Washington County was the first county formed in the Commonwealth of Kentucky when it reached statehood, and the sixteenth county formed. The center of population of Kentucky is located in Washington County, in the city of Willisburg. The county is dry, meaning that the sale of alcohol is prohibited, but it contains the "wet" city of Springfield, where retail alcohol sales are allowed. This classifies the jurisdiction as a moist county. Three wineries operate in the county and are licensed separately to sell to the public. Jacob Beam, founder of Jim Beam whiskey, sold his first barrel of whiskey in Washington County.

History
Washington County was established in 1792 from land taken from Nelson County. It was the first county created by the Commonwealth of Kentucky after its separation from Virginia.

The Washington County Courthouse, completed in 1816, is the oldest courthouse still in use in Kentucky. A significant county court record is the marriage bond of Thomas Lincoln and Nancy Hanks, parents of President Abraham Lincoln. The bond is dated June 10, 1806; it was written the day before the marriage in the small community of Beechland, on the Little Beech River. The marriage return was signed by Jesse Head, the Methodist preacher who performed the ceremony, and dates the marriage to June 12, 1806.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 301 sqmi, of which 297 sqmi is land and 3.9 sqmi (1.3%) is water.

Adjacent counties

 * Anderson County - northeast
 * Mercer County - east
 * Boyle County - east
 * Marion County - south
 * Nelson County - west

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 10,916 people, 4,121 households, and 3,020 families residing in the county. The population density was 36 /sqmi. There were 4,542 housing units at an average density of 15 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the county was 90.62% White, 7.51% Black or African American, 0.16% Native American, 0.28% Asian, 0.61% from other races, and 0.82% from two or more races. 1.60% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 4,121 households, out of which 33.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.50% were married couples living together, 10.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.70% were non-families. 24.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.03.

The age distribution was 25.30% under the age of 18, 8.80% from 18 to 24, 27.90% from 25 to 44, 23.10% from 45 to 64, and 15.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 96.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.90 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $33,136, and the median income for a family was $39,240. Males had a median income of $27,624 versus $21,593 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,722. About 10.30% of families and 13.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.40% of those under age 18 and 19.60% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The county is served by Washington County Schools, a district that contains five schools:
 * North Washington Elementary School in Willisburg for grades PK, K-8 with 468 students
 * Washington County Elementary School in Springfield for grades PK, K-5 with 387 students
 * Care Academy, Inc. in Willisburg for grades 6–12 with 65 students
 * Washington County Middle School in Springfield for grades 6–8 with 206 students
 * Washington County High School in Springfield for grades 9–12 with 626 students

St. Catharine College (now closed) is located near Springfield.

Cities

 * Mackville
 * Springfield (county seat)
 * Willisburg

Unincorporated communities

 * Bear Wallow
 * Brush Grove
 * Fredericktown
 * Manton
 * Maud
 * Mooresville
 * Pleasant Grove
 * Saint Catharine
 * Thompsonville

title: Washington County, Kentucky


text:
Warren County, Kentucky

Warren County is a county located in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 134,554, making it the fifth-most populous county in Kentucky. The county seat is Bowling Green. Warren County is now classified as a wet county after voters approved the measure in 2018. The measure became law in January 2019 that allows alcohol to be sold county wide.

Warren County is included in the Bowling Green, KY Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Pennyroyal Plateau and Western Coal Fields regions.

History
Warren County was the location of several Native American villages and ancient burial mounds constructed by earlier cultures. The first white men to enter the area were the long hunters in the 1770s. General Elijah Covington was among the first landowners. McFadden's Station, one of the earliest settlements, was established in 1785 by Andrew McFadden/McFadin on the northern bank of the Barren River at the Cumberland Trace.

Warren County became the 23rd county of Kentucky in 1796, from a section of Logan County. It was named after General Joseph Warren of the Revolutionary War. He dispatched William Dawes and Paul Revere on their famous midnight ride to warn residents of the approaching British troops. He was also a hero of the Battle of Bunker Hill.

Through the riverboat trade, Warren County thrived in the agricultural market. In 1859, the Louisville and Nashville Railroad (currently CSX Transportation) was laid through the county.

During the Civil War, most residents are said to have favored the Union. Because of its strategic value Warren County was occupied by Confederate forces in September 1861. It was occupied in turn by the Union Army on February 14, 1862, following the Confederate retreat to Tennessee. During the Confederate withdrawal, they destroyed railroad bridges in Barren County, the Bowling Green train depot and other railroad buildings to hinder Union pursuit.

The completion of Interstate 65 and Green River Parkway, later renamed the William H. Natcher Parkway, (and in 2019 was renamed as the I-165) in the 1960s and 1970s, brought an industrial boom that transformed the farm-oriented county into a more urban one.

In 1997, Bowling Green became a Tree City USA, sponsored by the National Arbor Day Foundation.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 548 sqmi, of which 542 sqmi is land and 6.0 sqmi (1.1%) is water.

Geographic features
The Green River forms the northern boundary of the county, and was a means of transportation for settlers. Tributaries of the Green River that flow through Warren County are the Barren and Gasper rivers, Drake's and Jennings creeks and Bay's Fork. In the north the land is possibly the most rugged, since it lies between the Green and Barren rivers, with very tall ridges near Riverside and Richardsville. The major drainage in Warren county is Barren River, which flows through Bowling Green and is surrounded by steep ridges in some areas. Several sizable hills rise in Bowling Green proper. They were favored for forts and other development: a reservoir, hospital, and Civil War fort were built on one; much of Western Kentucky University's campus on another; Hobson Grove, a historic Italian Renaissance style civil war era plantation estate on another; and a second civil war fort on another. In the east the land is rolling (much like central Kentucky's landscape) near Drakes Creek. The land in the south and southwest of the county is predominantly flat. In the western side of the county, the land is hilly with steep ridges and rocky and cliff-ridden near Gasper River. Shanty Hollow Lake is in the northwest corner of the county.

The flat elevated areas in the west and the flatland in the south and southwest have soil that is fertile and supports tobacco, hay, corn and soybean crop production. The rest of the land is predominantly clay soil; it is rocky and not very suitable for agriculture. Many residents rear livestock and horses, or hunt in these areas.

Transit

 * GO bg Transit
 * Topper Transit

Major highways

 * Interstate 65
 * Interstate 165
 * U.S. 231
 * U.S. 31-W
 * U.S. 68
 * KY 80
 * KY 185
 * KY 234
 * KY 880

Adjacent counties

 * Butler County - northwest
 * Edmonson County - northeast
 * Barren County - east
 * Allen County - southeast
 * Simpson County - south
 * Logan County - southwest

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 92,522 people, 35,365 households and 23,411 families residing in the county. The population density was 170 /sqmi. There were 38,350 housing units at an average density of 70 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the county was 86.98% White, 8.58% Black or African American, 0.24% Native American, 1.35% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 1.33% from other races, and 1.45% from two or more races. 2.67% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 35,365 households, of which 31.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.40% were married couples living together, 11.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.80% were non-families. 26.10% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.97.

The age distribution was 23.10% under the age of 18, 16.20% from 18 to 24, 29.10% from 25 to 44, 21.10% from 45 to 64, and 10.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.00 males.

The median household income was $36,151, and the median family income was $45,142. Males had a median income of $32,063 versus $22,777 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,847. About 10.80% of families and 15.40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.80% of those under age 18 and 13.80% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Two public school districts operate in the county:
 * Warren County Public Schools, which serves most of the county, including outerlying parts of Bowling Green
 * Bowling Green Independent Schools, which serves most of the city of Bowling Green.

High schools include:
 * County schools
 * Greenwood
 * Light House Academy
 * Warren Central
 * Warren East
 * South Warren High School
 * GEO International High School

 * Bowling Green ISD
 * Bowling Green High School

There is also a state-operated public school for gifted students
 * Carol Martin Gatton Academy of Mathematics and Science in Kentucky

There are also private schools including
 * Legacy Christian Academy
 * Foundation Christian Academy
 * St. Joseph School, a private Catholic school of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Owensboro.

Colleges and universities

 * Southcentral Kentucky Community and Technical College
 * Western Kentucky University

Public Library System

 * Warren County Public Library

Attractions

 * Beech Bend Park - roller coasters, waterpark, raceway
 * Chevrolet Corvette and XLR Assembly Plant - daily tours
 * Eloise B. Houchens Center - Greek Revival-style mansion built in 1904 by a former Bowling Green mayor
 * Fort Webb Historic Park - preserved Civil War site
 * Historic Railpark at the L&N Depot - two floor train museum with 6 restored railcars inside a 1925 depot.
 * Kentucky Museum and Library - exhibits of Kentucky artifacts, located on Western Kentucky University campus
 * Lost River Cave and Valley - location of the shortest and deepest river in the world, once a hideout for Jesse James and company
 * National Corvette Museum - exhibits of the models of the Chevrolet Corvette since 1953
 * Riverview at Hobson Grove - preserved mansion overlooking Barren River built from the late 1850s until 1872

Cities

 * Bowling Green (county seat)
 * Oakland
 * Plum Springs
 * Smiths Grove
 * Woodburn

Census-designated place

 * Plano

Northeast Warren

 * Anna
 * Bristow
 * Girkin
 * Glenmore
 * Gotts
 * Hays
 * Hydro
 * Kepler
 * Martinsville
 * Polkville
 * Pondsville
 * Richardsville
 * Riverside
 * Sunnyside
 * Three Forks
 * Tuckertown

Southwest Warren

 * Alvaton
 * Blue Level
 * Boyce
 * Browning
 * Claypool
 * Drake
 * Greenhill
 * Guy
 * Hadley
 * Hardcastle
 * Lost River
 * Matlock
 * Memphis Junction
 * Petros
 * Rich Pond
 * Rockfield
 * Rockland
 * Shawnee Estates
 * Springhill
 * Three Springs

title: Warren County, Kentucky


text:
Union County, Kentucky

Union County is a county in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,668. Its county seat is Morganfield. The county was created effective January 15, 1811.

The county is located on the east bank of the Ohio River opposite its confluence with the Wabash River. Union County, along with neighboring Posey County, Indiana, and Gallatin County, Illinois, form the tri-point of the Illinois-Indiana-Kentucky Tri-State Area.

Geography
Union County lies on the northern border of Kentucky; its northwestern border is formed by the meanders of the Ohio River, abutting the states of Illinois and Indiana. The county terrain consists of frequent low wooded hills among the level areas, which are devoted to agriculture. Its highest point (673 ft ASL) is a rise in the Chalybeate Hills, in the Higginson-Henry Wildlife Management Area.

The John T. Myers Locks and Dam, authorized and constructed as Uniontown Locks and Dam, is located 3.5 mi downstream from Uniontown, on the Ohio River, linking Union County and Posey County Indiana. Construction of the dam was begun in 1965 by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and completed in 1977. It was renamed on October 12, 1996, to honor retired Indiana congressman John T. Myers.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 363.38 sqmi, of which 342.85 sqmi is land and 20.53 sqmi (5.6%) is water. Union County is part of the Western Coal Fields region of Kentucky.

Adjacent counties

 * Posey County, Indiana − north
 * Henderson County − northeast
 * Webster County − southeast
 * Crittenden County − south
 * Hardin County, Illinois − west
 * Gallatin County, Illinois −northwest

Protected areas

 * Higginson-Henry Wildlife Management Area (state)
 * Moffit Lake Recreation Area (county)

Highways

 * US 60.svg U.S. Route 60
 * Elongated circle 56.svg KY 56
 * Elongated circle 109.svg KY 109

Cities

 * Morganfield
 * Sturgis
 * Uniontown
 * Waverly

Census-designated places

 * Breckinridge Center

Unincorporated communities

 * Bordley
 * Boxville
 * Caseyville
 * Cullen
 * Curlew
 * Dekoven
 * Grangertown
 * Grove Center
 * Henshaw
 * Pride
 * Spring Grove
 * Sullivan
 * The Rocks

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, the population was 15,007. Of this, 85.45% were White, 12.05% were Black or African American, 1.49% were two or more races, 0.44% were some other race, 0.34% were Asian, 0.19% were American Indian or Alaska Native, 0.05% were Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander. Hispanic or Latino (of any race) were 1.62% of the population.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 15,637 people, 5,710 households, and 4,082 families in the county. The population density was 45 /sqmi. There were 6,234 housing units at an average density of 18 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the county was 85.04% White, 12.89% Black or African American, 0.17% Native American, 0.15% Asian, 0.39% from other races, and 1.37% from two or more races. 1.56% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 5,710 households, out of which 32.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.50% were married couples living together, 11.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.50% were non-families. 26.10% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 2.99.

25.30% of the population was under the age of 18, 13.80% from 18 to 24, 25.50% from 25 to 44, 22.50% from 45 to 64, and 12.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 101.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.30 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $35,018, and the median income for a family was $43,103. Males had a median income of $30,244 versus $20,817 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,465. About 9.30% of families and 17.70% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.30% of those under age 18 and 11.70% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Public schools are managed by Union County Public Schools. The three public elementary schools in the county are located in Morganfield, Sturgis, and Uniontown. The county has one public middle school and one public high school, Union County High School. Located near Morganfield, Kentucky, it is known for its wrestling program. John Paul II Catholic School, the county's only private school, in Morganfield, holds preschool, elementary, and middle school classes.

Libraries
There are three libraries in Union County, with the main branch in Morganfield and branches in Sturgis and Uniontown.tic experience for grades K-5. The library supplies the county with educational resources such as computers with internet access. There are several programs for children:
 * Time for Tots is a range of activities including music, dancing, crafts, stories, and more. For ages 6 months to 5 years;
 * Blox’ N Bots is a hands-on robotic experience for grades K-5;
 * Between You and Me is a program for middle and high school students and an adult family member. Which includes crafts, games, and activities.

Access to KY Virtual Library provides: • Britannica Digital Learning • Databases • EBSCO • Kentucky Virtual Library • LearningExpress Library • NoveList • ProQuest • Scholastic GO! • TeenBookCloud (pilot) • WorldCat (OCLC)

The Union County Public Library District offers test-proctoring services at the Morganfield location.

Children's online educational resources include: • ABCya • Bob the builder • CoolMath4Kids • Dr. Seuss • Fun with Spot • KidzPage • Little Critter • Littlest Pet Shop • Neopets • Nick Jr. • Nickelodeon • PBS Kids • Ramo Math games • Star Wars • Turtle Diary • Typing games

Ready Reference Links include: Fast Facts, Health, Jobs, Kentucky Driver's Tests, Kentucky Legal Assistance Information, Kentucky Links, Kids, Language, Newspapers, People, Senior Links, Staff Resources, Tax Information, Teen Links, and Union County Links

Politics
Union County was a longtime Democratic stronghold in presidential elections. However, it gradually shifted to supporting Republican candidates. In 2016, Donald Trump won more than three fourths of the county's vote.

Notable people

 * Ben M. Bogard, lived as a child in Union County; became a Baptist minister and was involved with the Landmarkism Movement.
 * Dwane Casey, longtime NBA head coach, currently the head coach of the Detroit Pistons.
 * Ormsby M. Mitchel, astronomer and major general during the American Civil War
 * Isaiah L. Potts (1784?-after 1843), tavern keeper of the notorious Potts Tavern who, allegedly, ran a gang of highwaymen and murderers on the Illinois frontier
 * William L. O'Daniel (1923−2017), a Union County farmer who served in the Illinois General Assembly

title: Union County, Kentucky


text:
Trimble County, Kentucky

Trimble County is a county located in the north central part of the U.S. state of Kentucky. Its county seat is Bedford. The county was founded in 1837 and is named for Robert Trimble. Trimble is no longer a prohibition or dry county. Trimble County is part of the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY–IN Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 156 sqmi, of which 152 sqmi is land and 4.6 sqmi (2.9%) is water. It is the fifth-smallest county in Kentucky by land area and fourth-smallest by total area. The county's western border with Indiana is formed by the Ohio River.

The county is largely divided into two by a central roughly north–south ridge; to the east of which lie the Little Kentucky River and Daughtery, Buck, and Carmen Creeks; and to the west of which lie Spring, Corn, Middle, Patton's and Barebone Creeks, tributaries of the Ohio River.

Adjacent counties

 * Jefferson County, Indiana (northwest)
 * Carroll County (east)
 * Henry County (southeast)
 * Oldham County (southwest)
 * Clark County, Indiana (west)

Manufacturing
LG&E and KU's newest power plant, the Trimble County Generating Station, provides power to about 1 million Kentucky residents. and is located on 2,200 acres situated along the Ohio River, 50 miles northeast of Louisville. It has been recognized as one of the most environmentally friendly coal fired plants in the country. Controversy with the plant include, the desire of the plant to dump its coal ash on its site. The EPA has said the plant should consider shipping the waste to Gallatin County, Kentucky to be placed in an underground limestone mine that already holds a permit to accept coal combustion waste.

Demographics

According to the census of 2010, there were 8,809 people and 3,512 households from 2009 to 2013. The population density was 55 /sqmi. There were 3,437 housing units at an average density of 23 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the county was 96.2% White, 1.5% Black or African American, 0.6% Native American, 0.5% Asian, 0.68% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races. 3.5% of the population were Hispanic or Latino.

There were 3,137 households, out of which 35.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.60% were married couples living together, 8.50% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.80% were non-families. 22.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.40% under the age of 18, 7.70% from 18 to 24, 30.90% from 25 to 44, 23.60% from 45 to 64, and 11.40% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.80 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $36,192, and the median income for a family was $41,925. Males had a median income of $30,500 versus $21,656 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,354. About 10.00% of families and 13.60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.70% of those under age 18 and 16.80% of those age 65 or over.

Communities
Trimble county comprises two major towns, a couple of hamlets, and various small settlements. The 1877 Collins county history identified the towns of Bedford, Milton, Kingston, and Palmyra. Later authorities have differed from this.

The town of Bedford at the junction of United States Highways 421 and 42 is the county seat but was not its largest town until the middle 20th century. Its environs include Callis Grove, to the north, the site of an open-air tabernacle and campgrounds built by a Methodist church, retaining the name of the old Callis Grove post office run by Robert Edward Callis from June 1893 to September 1894 at the junction of what is now U.S. highway 42 and New Hope Road; and Bedford Springs, a set of springs popular before the U.S. Civil War.

The largest town until then was the port town of Milton, which was also the oldest town, at the junction of U.S. Highway 421 and Kentucky Route 36 and across the Ohio River from Madison, Indiana. It is widely believed that it used to have the name "Kingston" but in fact Kingston was a nearby, and not as old, village that Milton subsumed by an act of the Kentucky General Assembly in March 1872. In its vicinity are such things as Lookout Point and the erstwhile farm of Delia Webster.

Wise's Landing was a thriving port town in the 19th century that has dwindled down to a hamlet, whose identity is intermingled with Corn Creek, the name of one of the county's creeks that the Landing served and also (confusingly) the name of the Wise's Landing post office and thus the name given to the town on many maps over the years. It is at the mouth of Barebones Creek whose headwaters lie at Bedford and one of whose forks is Pryors Fork, sometimes identified on maps by its post office Trimble. Their collective environs include Payne Hollow, Preston Hollow (and an erstwhile Preston Plantation), and Spring Creek.

The rest of the county was in the 19th century a wide number of very small settlements, characterized as "just 'store-school-church' crossroads" by geographer Nancy Demaree. Before the school system was centralized and the advent of Rural Free Delivery in the 20th century there were twenty-odd post offices and a similar number of little schools throughout the county.

In the view of Robert M. Rennick, who made a lifetime study of places in Kentucky, outside the incorporated cities of Bedford and Milton only four more places with post offices have qualified as viable villages. They are Wises Landing and Corn Creek, counting as two for this purpose despite their historic conflation, Abbott/Abbotsford, which also may not actually have been separate places, and Providence.

It isn't known where exactly the Abbotsford post office, and the two later post offices named Abbot, actually were, as the location reports on the forms that were submitted by their postmasters to the government are subject to interpretation. Abbotsford post office from the name was at a "ford" somewhere on the Little Kentucky River, or possibly another watercourse, in the store and hotel of postmaster James Abbot. The first Abbot post office (1880-08-02 to June 1883) was in postmaster Madison Dunn's home north of the Little Kentucky River. The second Abbot post office (1886-04-06 to August 1906) was originally to be named Abbots Ford, but "Ford" was crossed out on the form, and was (according to postmaster William R. Morgan) one mile to the north-east of Middle Creek, five miles to the east of the Ohio River, and five miles south of Bedford. This is roughly the location of the name "Abbott" that is shown on 20th century state highway maps, although that is 4+1/2 mi south-south-west of Bedford and 1/2 mi west of the Little Kentucky River.

Robert M. Rennick characterized 19th century Ewingford as "a couple of stores and a sawmill at a ford", and 20th century Ewingford as "a small restaurant and a couple of dozen homes".

Providence used to be a village, purportedly with the original name "Hammels' Store" if the post office submission form for Hammel post office (1890-04-28 to February 1903) by storekeeper George M. Hammel is to be believed. It was actually identified on maps as Hammel until World War One, after which it was apparently renamed Providence after a local Baptist church.

The 1847 Collins county history identies Palmyra as a village with a store and a post office, however this is contradicted by records that show no Palmyra post office and only a post office named Winona at the location, later established by one James M. Turner on 1851-01-21. (The 1877 Collins history instead names Winona post office.) It could not have been called Palmyra as that would have clashed with an existing Palmyra postoffice in Simpson County. Nor was Palmyra the same as Vail, which actually was another post office whose lifetime overlapped that of Palmyra. Vail was rather the precursor of the post office named Monitor, so renamed because after an attempt to reëstablish it in 1903 after a hiatus, it, too, then clashed with an existing postoffice with an almost identical name in another county.

Cities

 * Bedford (county seat)
 * Milton

Unincorporated communities

 * Monitor
 * Mount Pleasant
 * Providence
 * Wises Landing

title: Trimble County, Kentucky


text:
Urutonga

In the mythology of some Māori tribal groups, Urutonga is the wife of Hemā, and the mother of Tāwhaki and Kahiri.

Hema was killed by the Ponaturi, and Urutonga and her sons, Tāwhaki and Karihi, killed them all but two in revenge. They tricked the Ponaturi into entering a house, and then locked them in, claiming there was still time before the dawn. They then opened the door after the sun was up, the Ponaturi died at the exposure to sunlight.

title: Urutonga


text:
Kahiri

Kahiri may refer to:
 * Kahiri, Chabahar
 * Kahiri, Nik Shahr, a village in Nik Shahr County, Sistan and Baluchestan province
 * Kahiri Rural District, an administrative division of Nik Shahr County, Sistan and Baluchestan province

title: Kahiri


text:
Ponaturi

In Māori mythology, the Ponaturi are a group of hostile creatures (goblins) who live in a land beneath the sea by day, returning to shore each evening to sleep. They dread daylight, which is fatal to them. They appear in a number of stories, including:

 * a story of Tāwhaki. The Ponaturi kill Tāwhaki's father Hemā, and carry his body away. They also capture Urutonga, Tāwhaki's mother, whom they put to work as the doorkeeper of their house Manawa-Tāne. In revenge, Tāwhaki and Urutonga block up all the holes of the house to make the Ponaturi think that it is still night. They then suddenly let in the rays of the sun, and all the dreadful creatures are destroyed (Tregear 1891:206, 350).

 * a story of the hero Rātā. The Ponaturi carry off his father's bones and use them to beat time when as they practice their magical arts. Rātā hides himself, learns their incantations, and recites a more powerful spell called Titikura. He then attacks them, kills their priests, and recaptures his father's bones. The Ponaturi regroup and chase Rātā, but with the aid of his warriors and his powerful incantations he defeats and kills a thousand of them (Tregear 1891:350).

Kanae
The kanae (or grey mullet) is represented as a companion of the Ponaturi in another version of Tāwhaki (Grey 1956:51). When the Ponaturi come up out of the water to their house Manawa-Tāne, Kanae comes with them. Tāwhaki and Karihi kill all the Ponaturi, in revenge for the death of Hemā, but the mullet escapes by leaping again and again until it gets back to the sea (Craig 1989:99, Grey 1855:40, Tregear 1891:122).

In the story of Ruapupuke (or Rua-te-pupuke), the kanae is associated with similar creatures, the horde of Tangaroa, which are not overtly named as Ponaturi:

 * Ruapupuke is a chief who lives by the sea. Ruapupuke's young son is drowned. Tangaroa takes the child to the bottom of the sea and makes him into a tekoteko (carved figure) on the ridge-pole of his house, above the door. The father dives to the bottom of the sea, and finds the house, but it is empty. He meets Hinematikotai, a woman who tells him that the inhabitants will return at sunset to sleep, and that if he lets in the daylight it will kill them. So the inhabitants are killed, and Ruapupuke burns the house, taking some of the carvings back with him to use as a model for carving in the human world (Tregear 1891:350)

title: Ponaturi


text:
Kanae

Kanae (written: 佳苗, 香苗, 香奈恵, 香奈枝 or 鼎) is a Japanese given name generally given to girls. Notable people with the name include:

 * Kanae Aoki (青木 香奈枝), Japanese ice hockey player
 * Kanae Hisami (久見 香奈恵), Japanese tennis player
 * Kanae Ikehata (born 1982), Japanese fencer
 * Kanae Itō (伊藤 かな恵), Japanese voice actress and singer
 * Kanae Kijima (木嶋 佳苗), Japanese serial killer
 * Kanae Oki (沖 佳苗), Japanese voice actress
 * Kanae Shirosawa (白沢 かなえ), Japanese singer and voice actress
 * Kanae Yagi, Japanese weightlifter
 * Kanae Yamamoto (politician) (山本 香苗), Japanese politician
 * Kanae Yoshii (吉井 香奈恵), Japanese idol, singer and actress
 * Kanae (叶), Japanese VTuber affiliated with Nijisanji

Fictional characters

 * Kanae (カナエ), character in the manga series Elfen Lied
 * Kanae Kotonami (琴南 奏江), character in the manga series Skip Beat!
 * Kanae Sumida (澄田 花苗), character in the animated film 5 Centimeters per Second
 * Kanae, character in the game Akatsuki Blitzkampf
 * Kanae Aira, character in the book and anime Juni Taisen: Zodiac War
 * Kanae, a character from the PlayStation 2 horror video game Forbidden Siren 2
 * Kanae Kocho (胡蝶 カナエ), character in the manga and anime Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba

title: Kanae


text:
Trigg County, Kentucky

Trigg County is a county located on the far southwest border of the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,061. Its county seat is Cadiz. Formed in 1820, the county was named for Stephen Trigg, an officer in the American Revolutionary War who was killed at the Battle of Blue Licks, now in Robertson County, Kentucky. It was a victory for British and allied troops.

Following the Prohibition era, Trigg continued as a prohibition or dry county until 2009. That year the county's voters narrowly approved a referendum to repeal the prohibition on alcohol sales for off-premises consumption.

Trigg County is part of the Clarksville, TN–KY Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
Trigg County was formed in 1820 from portions of Christian County and Caldwell counties, as its population had increased.

Trigg County was named in honor of Lt. Col. Stephen Trigg, of Virginia. Trigg had settled near Harrodsburg, Kentucky; during the American Revolutionary War, he served as an officer for the rebels and was killed on August 19, 1782, in the Battle of Blue Licks.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 481 sqmi, of which 441 sqmi is land and 40 sqmi (8.3%) is water.

Adjacent counties

 * Lyon County (north)
 * Caldwell County (northeast)
 * Christian County (east)
 * Stewart County, Tennessee (south)
 * Calloway County (southwest)
 * Marshall County (northwest)

National protected area

 * Land Between the Lakes National Recreation Area (part)

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 12,597 people, 5,215 households, and 3,765 families residing in the county. The population density was 28 /sqmi. There were 6,698 housing units at an average density of 15 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the county was 88.34% White, 9.79% Black or African American, 0.21% Native American, 0.25% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.18% from other races, and 1.22% from two or more races. 0.90% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 5,215 households, out of which 29.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.20% were married couples living together, 8.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.80% were non-families. 25.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.84.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 22.90% under the age of 18, 6.80% from 18 to 24, 26.70% from 25 to 44, 27.00% from 45 to 64, and 16.60% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.10 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $33,002, and the median income for a family was $40,886. Males had a median income of $31,158 versus $22,081 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,184. About 8.80% of families and 12.30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.20% of those under age 18 and 14.70% of those age 65 or over.

Radio stations

 * WKDZ-FM 106.5 (country music)
 * WKDZ-AM 1110 AM & 100.9 FM (oldies)
 * WHVO 1480 AM & 96.5 F.M. (oldies)

Newspapers
The Cadiz Record

City

 * Cadiz (county seat)

Census-designated place

 * Cerulean (partially in Christian County)

Other unincorporated places

 * Black Hawk (mostly in Caldwell County)
 * Buffalo
 * Caledonia
 * Canton
 * Donaldson
 * Fenton
 * Linton
 * Montgomery
 * Oak Grove
 * Roaring Spring
 * Rockcastle
 * Wallonia

Ghost town

 * Golden Pond

Politics
Trigg County is governed by a Fiscal Court, which is led by a Judge-Executive. The current Judge-Executive is Hollis Alexander (a Republican). Alexander was appointed to the position by the governor in 2013 after Stanley H. Humphries, former officeholder, was elected to the Kentucky State Senate from District 1.

Notable people

 * Coy Bacon, NFL player
 * Darcy C. Coyle, university president
 * John Egerton, journalist
 * Joe Bolton, poet
 * Charles Tyler, musician
 * Boots Randolph, musician
 * Roger Vinson, U.S. District Court judge
 * Hugh "Riccardo" Martin, opera singer

title: Trigg County, Kentucky