text:
New Madrid, Missouri

New Madrid (Nueva Madrid) is a city in New Madrid County, Missouri, United States. The population was 2,787 at the 2020 census. New Madrid is the county seat of New Madrid County. The city is located 42 miles (68 km) southwest of Cairo, Illinois, and north of an exclave of Fulton County, Kentucky, across the Mississippi River.

The town is on the north side of the Kentucky Bend in the Mississippi River, which is also known as "New Madrid Bend" or "Madrid Bend." The river curves in an oxbow around an exclave of Fulton County, Kentucky. Scientists expect the river eventually to cut across the neck of the peninsula and make a more direct channel, leaving the Kentucky territory as an island.

New Madrid was the epicenter of the very powerful 1811–12 New Madrid earthquakes.

History

The first more or less permanent settlement at present-day New Madrid was established by bands of Shawnee, Delaware, Creek, and Cherokee who were turned into refugees due to the U.S. War for Independence. These refugee Native American bands accepted Spanish offers to settle on the west bank of the Mississippi River in the early 1780s. These mixed Native American groups established a settlement and informal trading post where a northward, horseshoe bend of the Mississippi met the Chepusa creek, which provided an easy place for landing boats. Native American hunters and European-American merchants made the settlement a location for processing the bounty of hunts, including the valuable but messy fat of bears and buffalo, which was used in preparing skins and furs. The settlement quickly acquired the name L’Anse a la Graise — “Cove of Grease” or “Greasy Cove.”

European Americans renamed the settlement New Madrid around 1780 under the auspices of Spanish Governor Bernardo de Gálvez, who was appointed to rule Spanish Louisiana (the land west of the Mississippi River), and Manuel Pérez, Lieutenant Governor of Upper Louisiana in Saint Louis. They welcomed settlers from the United States, but required them to become subjects of (i.e. swear allegiance to) the Spanish crown. In addition, they had to agree to live under the guidance of his appointed empresario, Colonel George Morgan, an American Revolutionary War veteran from New Jersey. Morgan recruited a number of American families to settle at New Madrid, attracting a few hundred people to the region. Settlement in the 1790s and early 1800s remained relatively low due to the physical geography of New Madrid and its hinterlands. The Mississippi frequently washed away the town's river banks, and a Spanish fort was washed away. Surrounded by low, swampy land, New Madrid developed a well-earned reputation for diseases, especially in the summer and fall. Spanish census data from the late 1790s show around 800 residents at the village of New Madrid. New Madrid continued to operate as a site of exchange between Native Americans in the St. Francis River Valley and European American traders operating out of New Madrid.

In 1800, Spain traded the territory back to France in the Third Treaty of San Ildefonso. After trying to regain control of Saint-Domingue (the present Haiti), where a slave rebellion was underway, Napoleon gave up on his North American colonies, agreeing to sell this territory to the United States in 1803 as part of the Louisiana Purchase.

The area is noted as the site of a series of more than 1,000 earthquakes in 1811 and 1812, ranging up to approximately magnitude 8, the most powerful non-subduction zone earthquake ever recorded in the United States. New Madrid lies far from any plate boundaries, but it is on the New Madrid Seismic Zone. The major earthquake was felt as far away as the East Coast.

During the Civil War, the Battle of Island Number Ten took place on the Mississippi River near New Madrid.

In the antebellum period, this fertile floodplain area was developed for cotton plantations, based on the labor of enslaved African Americans. They were emancipated after the Civil War and worked to make new lives. As whites struggled to re-establish dominance after the Reconstruction era, they intimidated and attacked blacks under the guise of Jim Crow laws, working to suppress voting and control their activities.

Three African-American men are documented as being lynched by whites in New Madrid, the county seat, near the turn of the century: Unknown Negro, on November 29, 1898; Louis Wright, a musician in a minstrel show accused of altercations with whites, hanged on February 17, 1902; and unknown Negro, May 30, 1910.

By the turn of the 20th century, some industry was being developed in New Madrid, which contained two lumber mills, a grist mill, a stave and heading factory, and a cotton gin. It was considered a rough town. There were four Protestant churches, two with independent African-American congregations, and one Catholic church.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.53 sqmi, of which 4.49 sqmi is land and 0.04 sqmi is water.

Climate
New Madrid has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) with hot, humid summers and chilly, though not severe winters. Winter weather can vary from very mild and rainy when air masses from the Gulf of Mexico predominate, to very cold, dry and windy with northerly or northwesterly airflows as in the famous cold month of January 1977. On average there are 82 nights which fall to or below 32 F, whilst one night falls to or below 0 F, and the coldest temperature ever has been −14 F on January 17, 1982. The hottest has been 107 F record on August 4, 1964, whilst an average of 2.9 days exceed 100 F.

Rainfall is fairly heavy throughout the year due to moist air from the Gulf being advected on the western side of the Bermuda High, plus occasional remnant depressions from hurricanes passing up the Mississippi Valley. Between 1963 and 2012, the wettest calendar year was 1990 with 71.24 in and the driest 2005 with 32.36 in. The wettest day was September 23, 2006 with 11.38 in in one day, and September 2006 was also the wettest month with 15.27 in, whilst no precipitation fell during October 1964.

Snowfall is very rare, as it is normally too dry to snow when cold air masses reach the Bootheel, so that the median is only 0.4 in per year and the mean just 5.7 in. The most snow in one month was in January 1977 with 13.1 in, whilst the snowiest season was from July 1966 to June 1967 with 19.3 in.

Coal pollution
The New Madrid coal plant owned by Associated Electric Cooperative Inc. was identified as one of 17 "deadliest coal plants in the US" by the Sierra Club, citing emissions and regional haze affecting neighboring communities. Sulfur dioxide pollution in the Bootheel has been found to exceed National Ambient Air Quality Standards.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States Census, there were 2,787 people, 1,307 households, and 711 families in the city. The population density was 613.9 PD/sqmi. There were 1,352 housing units at an average density of 297.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 70.30% White, 28.10% Black or African American, 0.30% Native American, 0.26% Asian, and 1.30% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.20% of the population.

There were 1,307 households, of which 20.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.8% were married couples living together, 11.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 45.6% were non-families. 40.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.09 and the average family size was 2.73.

The median age in the city was 47.2 years. 14.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.6% were from 25 to 44; 29.1% were from 45 to 64; and 23.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.9% male and 51.1% female.

The median income for a household in the city was $41,445, and the median income for a family was $54,476. The per capita income for the city was $22,046. About 14.80% of families and 21.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 32.6% of those under age 18 and 19.3% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 3,116 people, 1,276 households, and 809 families in the city. The population density was 694.0 PD/sqmi. There were 1,424 housing units at an average density of 317.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 72.30% White, 25.55% Black or African American, 0.22% Native American, 0.26% Asian, 0.13% from other races, and 1.54% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.80% of the population.

There were 1,276 households, of which 32.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.9% were married couples living together, 18.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.6% were non-families. 32.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.94.

The median age in the city was 39.8 years. 24.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.6% were from 25 to 44; 28.3% were from 45 to 64; and 16.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.9% male and 52.1% female.

2000 census
As of the 2000 United States Census, there were 3,334 people, 1,275 households, and 882 families in the city. The population density was 738.3 PD/sqmi. There were 1,414 housing units at an average density of 313.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 72.56% White, 26.48% African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.30% Asian, 0.09% from other races, and 0.39% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.69% of the population.

There were 1,275 households, out of which 35.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.8% were married couples living together, 21.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.8% were non-families. 28.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.02.

The city's population contained 28.2% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 26.0% from 25 to 44, 21.8% from 45 to 64, and 15.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $27,422, and the median income for a family was $34,464. Males had a median income of $30,705 versus $21,045 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,639. About 22.6% of families and 25.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 36.9% of those under age 18 and 17.5% of those age 65 or over.

Education
New Madrid County R-I School District operates six schools in the New Madrid area, including New Madrid County Central high school.

New Madrid has a lending library, a branch of the New Madrid County Library.

Government
The city of New Madrid is located in Missouri's 8th congressional district. Philip Raidt, who was born in Württemberg, Germany in 1825, helped to organize the first free school in New Madrid County. In April 1884, he was elected mayor of the city of New Madrid, but he did not serve. In the fall of 1884, he became a candidate for county judge and was elected to this position.

From 1937 to 1994, all mayors of New Madrid were affiliated with the democratic party.

title: New Madrid, Missouri


text:
North Lilbourn, Missouri

North Lilbourn is a village in New Madrid County, Missouri, United States. The population was 22 at the 2020 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.17 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 49 people, 22 households, and 12 families living in the village. The population density was 288.2 PD/sqmi. There were 30 housing units at an average density of 176.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 14.29% White and 85.71% Black or African American.

There were 22 households, of which 18.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 22.7% were married couples living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 18.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 45.5% were non-families. 45.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 27.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 3.00.

The median age in the village was 45.1 years. 14.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 28.6% were from 25 to 44; 30.6% were from 45 to 64; and 20.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 63.3% male and 36.7% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 95 people, 37 households, and 23 families living in the village. The population density was 550.3 PD/sqmi. There were 46 housing units at an average density of 266.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 5.26% White, 93.68% African American, and 1.05% from two or more races.

There were 37 households, out of which 27.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 18.9% were married couples living together, 32.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.8% were non-families. 37.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 21.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.35.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 30.5% under the age of 18, 6.3% from 18 to 24, 23.2% from 25 to 44, 22.1% from 45 to 64, and 17.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.6 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $11,563, and the median income for a family was $23,333. Males had a median income of $25,313 versus $15,250 for females. The per capita income for the village was $7,654. There were 36.7% of families and 38.2% of the population living below the poverty line, including 40.0% of under eighteens and 28.6% of those over 64.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: North Lilbourn, Missouri


text:
Parma, Missouri

Parma is a city in New Madrid County, Missouri, United States. The population was 713 at the 2010 census.

History
Parma was first incorporated as a village in 1900.

At the turn of the 20th century, Parma contained two saw mills.

In 1903, Parma, along with the neighboring community of Lotta, was incorporated as a village, retaining the name "Parma."

It became a fourth class city in 1905.

On April 14, 2015, Tyus Byrd was sworn in as the first African-American woman mayor of Parma. Byrd succeeded Randall Ramsey, who had been mayor of Parma for a total of 37 years. Shortly before Byrd was to be sworn in, four of the city's six police officers resigned, along with the city's clerk and the supervisor of water treatment. On November 23, 2020, Tyus Byrd was arrested in Jonesboro, Arkansas on stealing $25,000 or more and forgery charges. On May 4, 2021, Tyus Byrd was charged with two counts of forgery and two counts of receiving stolen property.

Geography
Parma is located on Missouri Route 153 one mile south of the Stoddard-New Madrid county line. It is 6.5 miles northwest of Malden and 15 miles west of New Madrid.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.69 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 713 people, 283 households, and 196 families residing in the city. The population density was 1033.3 PD/sqmi. There were 342 housing units at an average density of 495.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 67.46% White, 29.45% Black or African American, 0.14% Native American, 0.56% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, 1.12% from other races, and 1.26% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.81% of the population.

There were 283 households, of which 36.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.4% were married couples living together, 22.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 30.7% were non-families. 25.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 2.97.

The median age in the city was 39.8 years. 26.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.5% were from 25 to 44; 28.6% were from 45 to 64; and 15% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.9% male and 51.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 852 people, 333 households, and 229 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,325.6 PD/sqmi. There were 383 housing units at an average density of 595.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 57.39% White, 41.55% African American, 0.12% from other races, and 0.94% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.82% of the population.

There were 333 households, out of which 30.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.4% were married couples living together, 18.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.2% were non-families. 28.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.11.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 27.3% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 21.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 85.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 78.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $18,804, and the median income for a family was $23,333. Males had a median income of $24,444 versus $15,804 for females. The per capita income for the city was $11,031. About 29.5% of families and 34.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 53.8% of those under age 18 and 15.0% of those age 65 or over.

Climate
Climate is characterized by relatively long, hot summers and cool winters with evenly distributed precipitation throughout the year. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Cfa" (Humid Subtropical Climate).

Public schools
Currently, Parma has no local school system. Students attend New Madrid County Central R-I School District in New Madrid.

History
After the founding of the community of Parma, rapid growth led to the formation of a school system. From the late 1890s to 1910, various one room structures in the Parma area were utilized for education. The first structure for strictly school purposes was erected in 1910. By 1935, an increasing student population demanded the need for a larger high school building. With 9.9 square feet per pupil, Amendment No. 3 or The School Bond was placed on the ballot. After a summer of strong campaigning from the school district and other community leaders, Amendment No. 3 passed by a vote of 284-29 on October 19, 1935. Construction commenced in the fall of 1936 and the first classes began in the fall of 1937. The original 1933 gymnasium burned in 1944. Once again, the citizens of Parma banded together to fund construction of a new gymnasium which was completed by fall of 1944. The athletic teams, known as the Parma Pirates, were the pride of the school and surrounding community. In 1980, the Parma Consolidated School District No. 5 was consolidated into the New Madrid County Central R-I School District. Over the next several decades, the school complex fell into a state of disrepair. A major fire in the fall of 2010 brought the entire high school complex to the ground.

2017 Memorial
In the summer of 2016, several PHS alumni and former community leaders formed the Parma School Memorial Committee. They were successful in their efforts to raise funds to construct a large monument on the grounds of the old high school building. The memorial was dedicated on July 1, 2017.

Public library
Parma has a lending library, a branch of the New Madrid County Library.

Notable people

 * Christene Merick, American philanthropist who was born in Parma

title: Parma, Missouri


text:
Risco, Missouri

Risco is a city in New Madrid County, Missouri, United States. The population was 286 at the 2020 census.

History
A post office called Risco has been in operation since 1903. The community derives its name from the Frisco Railroad.

Geography
Risco is situated along U.S. Route 62, west of the highway's intersection with Missouri Route 153. Risco lies approximately seven miles east of Malden and sixteen miles west of New Madrid.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.56 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 346 people, 149 households, and 92 families living in the city. The population density was 617.9 PD/sqmi. There were 169 housing units at an average density of 301.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.53% White, 1.16% Black or African American, and 2.31% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.58% of the population.

There were 149 households, of which 30.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.7% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.3% were non-families. 30.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.91.

The median age in the city was 41.7 years. 21.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.4% were from 25 to 44; 26.8% were from 45 to 64; and 20.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.7% male and 50.3% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 392 people, 165 households, and 115 families living in the city. The population density was 821.3 PD/sqmi. There were 177 housing units at an average density of 370.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 99.59% White, 0.16% African American, and 0.26% from two or more races.

There were 165 households, out of which 29.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.0% were married couples living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.7% were non-families. 26.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.89.

In the city the population was spread out, with 21.2% under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 22.7% from 25 to 44, 28.3% from 45 to 64, and 17.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 90.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $26,827, and the median income for a family was $32,857. Males had a median income of $28,750 versus $22,813 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,777. About 13.2% of families and 14.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.7% of those under age 18 and 18.9% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Risco has a stand-alone school district, Risco RII. The school system consists of an elementary school, a combination middle and high school and a gymnasium, all on the same plot of land.

Risco has a lending library, a branch of the New Madrid County Library.

title: Risco, Missouri


text:
Tallapoosa, Missouri

Tallapoosa is a city in New Madrid County, Missouri, United States. The population was 78 at the 2020 census.

History
Tallapoosa was laid out in 1902. The town was named after Tallapoosa County, Alabama. A post office called Tallapoosa has been in operation since 1915.

Geography
Tallapoosa is located adjacent to Missouri Route 153 three miles south of Risco and eight miles southeast of Malden in adjacent Dunklin County. New Madrid is sixteen miles to the northeast.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.45 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
At the 2010 census, there were 168 people, 68 households and 45 families living in the city. The population density was 373.3 PD/sqmi. There were 77 housing units at an average density of 171.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 97.62% White, 1.79% Native American, and 0.60% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.38% of the population.

There were 68 households, of which 30.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.8% were married couples living together, 20.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 8.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.8% were non-families. 32.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.98.

The median age in the city was 39 years. 22% of residents were under the age of 18; 12.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.8% were from 25 to 44; 27.4% were from 45 to 64; and 14.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 56.0% male and 44.0% female.

2000 census
A the 2000 census, there were 204 people, 73 households and 54 families living in the city. The population density was 477.7 PD/sqmi. There were 88 housing units at an average density of 206.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 95.10% White, 1.47% Native American, and 3.43% from two or more races.

There were 73 households, of which 37.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.3% were married couples living together, 17.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.7% were non-families. 19.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.79 and the average family size was 3.22.

32.4% of the population were under the age of 18, 9.3% from 18 to 24, 26.5% from 25 to 44, 18.1% from 45 to 64, and 13.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 129.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.4 males.

The median household income was $14,375 and the median family income was $15,000. Males had a median income of $11,875 compared with $15,000 for females. The per capita income for the city was $6,377. About 42.6% of families and 48.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 50.9% of those under the age of eighteen and 18.2% of those 65 or over.

title: Tallapoosa, Missouri


text:
Cliff Village, Missouri

Cliff Village is a village in Newton County, Missouri, United States. The population was 40 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Joplin, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
Cliff Village is located at 37.02528°N, -94.51722°W (37.025384, -94.517125).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.04 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 40 people, 16 households, and 13 families living in the village. The population density was 1000.0 PD/sqmi. There were 17 housing units at an average density of 425.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 87.5% White, 7.5% Native American, and 5.0% from two or more races.

There were 16 households, of which 37.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 75.0% were married couples living together, 6.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 18.8% were non-families. 12.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 2.69.

The median age in the village was 32 years. 25% of residents were under the age of 18; 5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 40% were from 25 to 44; 17.5% were from 45 to 64; and 12.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 55.0% male and 45.0% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 33 people, 15 households, and 12 families living in the village. The population density was 824.2 PD/sqmi. There were 17 housing units at an average density of 424.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 100.00% White.

There were 15 households, out of which 13.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.0% were married couples living together, 6.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.0% were non-families. 20.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.42.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 18.2% under the age of 18, 3.0% from 18 to 24, 24.2% from 25 to 44, 27.3% from 45 to 64, and 27.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.9 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $33,750, and the median income for a family was $44,375. Males had a median income of $33,125 versus $21,667 for females. The per capita income for the village was $19,243. None of the population and none of the families were below the poverty line.

title: Cliff Village, Missouri


text:
Fairview, Missouri

Fairview is a city in southeastern Newton County, Missouri, United States. The population was 383 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Joplin, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
A post office called Fairview has been in operation since 1907. The community was so named on account of the fair setting of the original town site.

Geography
Fairview is located along Missouri Route 86 in southeastern Newton County. It is approximately 18 miles east-southeast of Neosho and one mile west of the Barry-Newton county line. Stella is 6.5 miles to the southwest near the southern border of the county.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.47 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 383 people, 146 households, and 102 families living in the city. The population density was 814.9 PD/sqmi. There were 173 housing units at an average density of 368.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 91.6% White, 0.8% African American, 2.9% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 2.1% from other races, and 2.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.0% of the population.

There were 146 households, of which 36.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.1% were married couples living together, 13.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 30.1% were non-families. 25.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 3.17.

The median age in the city was 37.1 years. 27.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.6% were from 25 to 44; 21.9% were from 45 to 64; and 17.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.1% male and 50.9% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 395 people, 146 households, and 109 families living in the town. The population density was 824.5 PD/sqmi. There were 164 housing units at an average density of 342.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 95.19% White, 0.25% African American, 1.27% Native American, 0.51% Asian, 0.76% Pacific Islander, and 2.03% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.76% of the population.

There were 146 households, out of which 39.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.1% were married couples living together, 14.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.3% were non-families. 22.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the town the population was spread out, with 31.1% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 19.0% from 45 to 64, and 14.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.7 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $27,250, and the median income for a family was $29,688. Males had a median income of $26,250 versus $17,031 for females. The per capita income for the town was $12,198. About 13.2% of families and 20.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 31.6% of those under age 18 and 1.8% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The Horner Institute, a private school offering courses of study from the eighth grade through high school, was located in Fairview from 1908 until merging with the Stella Academy and moving to Stella in 1912.

Notable people

 * Dabbs Greer, actor, best known for his role as Reverend Alden on Little House on the Prairie

title: Fairview, Missouri


text:
Granby, Missouri

Granby is a city in Newton County, Missouri, United States. The population was 2,134 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Joplin, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
A post office called Granby has been in operation since 1856. The community took its name from Granby, Massachusetts. Mining historically was the chief industrial activity at Granby. At the turn of the 20th century, Granby contained a large smelter owned by Henry Taylor Blow.

Geography
Granby is located at 36.91778°N, -94.26083°W.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.43 sqmi, of which 4.42 sqmi is land and 0.01 sqmi is water.

There are virtually no chat piles left in Granby today as evidence of the boom of lead and zinc mining as part of the Tri-State district back in the early 20th century.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 2,134 people, 821 households, and 573 families living in the city. The population density was 482.8 PD/sqmi. There were 940 housing units at an average density of 212.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 92.5% White, 0.3% African American, 2.8% Native American, 1.1% Asian, 0.6% from other races, and 2.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.7% of the population.

There were 821 households, of which 36.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.0% were married couples living together, 15.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 30.2% were non-families. 27.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.05.

The median age in the city was 36 years. 28% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.2% were from 25 to 44; 24.4% were from 45 to 64; and 15.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.8% male and 51.2% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,121 people, 850 households, and 589 families living in the city. The population density was 478.1 PD/sqmi. There were 934 housing units at an average density of 210.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 95.57% White, 2.03% Native American, 0.14% Asian, 0.14% Pacific Islander, 0.52% from other races, and 1.60% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.94% of the population.

There were 850 households, out of which 31.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.4% were married couples living together, 13.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.6% were non-families. 27.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.93.

In the city the population was spread out, with 65.6% under the age of 18, 9.8% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 15.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.2 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $28,625, and the median income for a family was $32,455. Males had a median income of $26,515 versus $18,208 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,371. About 13.0% of families and 16.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.9% of those under age 18 and 17.3% of those age 65 or over.

title: Granby, Missouri


text:
Grand Falls Plaza, Missouri

Grand Falls Plaza is a village in Newton County, Missouri, United States. The population was 114 at the 2010 census, at which time it was a town. It is part of the Joplin, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.10 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 114 people, 46 households, and 36 families living in the village. The population density was 1140.0 PD/sqmi. There were 47 housing units at an average density of 470.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 94.7% White, 3.5% Native American, and 1.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.9% of the population.

There were 46 households, of which 21.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.0% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 21.7% were non-families. 21.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.78.

The median age in the village was 52 years. 20.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 11.4% were from 25 to 44; 32.4% were from 45 to 64; and 27.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 41.2% male and 58.8% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 104 people, 40 households, and 32 families living in the town. The population density was 1,105.9 PD/sqmi. There were 43 housing units at an average density of 457.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 99.04% White and 0.96% Native American.

There were 40 households, out of which 30.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 75.0% were married couples living together, 5.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.0% were non-families. 17.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 2.94.

In the town the population was spread out, with 23.1% under the age of 18, 2.9% from 18 to 24, 25.0% from 25 to 44, 38.5% from 45 to 64, and 10.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.0 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $48,250, and the median income for a family was $49,250. Males had a median income of $35,833 versus $58,750 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,341. There were 3.4% of families and 8.8% of the population living below the poverty line, including 5.7% of under eighteens and 20.0% of those over 64.

title: Grand Falls Plaza, Missouri


text:
Leawood, Missouri

Leawood is a village in Newton County, Missouri, United States. The population was 682 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Joplin, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.31 sqmi, of which 1.30 sqmi is land and 0.01 sqmi is water.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 682 people, 259 households, and 202 families living in the village. The population density was 524.6 PD/sqmi. There were 275 housing units at an average density of 211.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 94.9% White, 0.6% African American, 1.3% Native American, 1.2% Asian, and 2.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.8% of the population.

There were 259 households, of which 30.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.8% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 22.0% were non-families. 17.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 2.92.

The median age in the village was 44.8 years. 22.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21% were from 25 to 44; 34.4% were from 45 to 64; and 15.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 50.0% male and 50.0% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 904 people, 318 households, and 274 families living in the village. The population density was 622.5 PD/sqmi. There were 336 housing units at an average density of 231.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 93.69% White, 0.55% African American, 0.33% Native American, 1.99% Asian, 1.11% from other races, and 2.32% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.21% of the population.

There were 318 households, out of which 39.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 78.3% were married couples living together, 6.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 13.8% were non-families. 11.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.83 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 27.5% under the age of 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 23.8% from 25 to 44, 30.9% from 45 to 64, and 9.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.8 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $62,250, and the median income for a family was $68,214. Males had a median income of $48,333 versus $21,875 for females. The per capita income for the village was $36,196. About 5.0% of families and 8.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.9% of those under age 18 and 3.9% of those age 65 or over.

title: Leawood, Missouri


text:
Loma Linda, Missouri

Loma Linda is a town in Newton County, Missouri, United States. The population was 725 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Joplin, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
The village, a collection of homes and properties surrounding the golf course and country club of the name, was incorporated in 1995. Loma Linda Country Club was created by Joe Blau of New York and the late Ted Hoffman in 1971. Until August 2005, the golf professional at Loma Linda was Benny Pell.

On January 1, 2006, the course, Village Water Company, and the surrounding 2,500 acre area were sold to Joplin businessman Bobby Landis. Landis had acquired the resort and apartment complex of Loma Linda by the end of 2005. In 2007, the Country Club was sold to the Downstream Casino and Resort owned and operated by the Quapaw Tribe. The tribe also owns a casino less than a mile west of the Loma Linda property. The country club was split into three golf courses: The Eagle Creek Golf Club at Downstream Casino Resort, Bald Eagle Golf Course, and Golden Eagle Golf Courses.

Loma Linda is part of the Seneca R-7 school district.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 3.57 sqmi, of which 3.56 sqmi is land and 0.01 sqmi is water.

2010 census
At the 2010 census, there were 725 people, 302 households and 241 families residing in the village. The population density was 203.7 PD/sqmi. There were 327 housing units at an average density of 91.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 89.0% White, 2.6% African American, 4.7% Native American, 1.1% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 0.1% from other races, and 2.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.8% of the population.

There were 302 households, of which 25.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 73.5% were married couples living together, 4.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 20.2% were non-families. 16.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.66.

The median age in the village was 50.4 years. 18.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 19.3% were from 25 to 44; 38.1% were from 45 to 64; and 19.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 50.9% male and 49.1% female.

2000 census
At the 2000 census, there were 507 people, 203 households and 169 families residing in the town. The population density was 141.1 PD/sqmi. There were 220 housing units at an average density of 61.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 96.25% White, 0.79% African American, 1.78% Native American, 0.39% Asian, 0.20% from other races, and 0.59% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.58% of the population.

There were 203 households, of which 28.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 74.9% were married couples living together, 4.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 16.7% were non-families. 12.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 2.72.

20.3% of the population were under the age of 18, 5.3% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 34.5% from 45 to 64, and 13.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.1 males.

The median household income was $53,750 and the median family income was $61,250. Males had a median income of $52,188 compared with $26,500 for females. The per capita income for the town was $28,583. About 1.2% of families and 1.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under the age of eighteen or sixty-five or over.

title: Loma Linda, Missouri


text:
Neosho, Missouri

Neosho (originally or ) is the most populous city in Newton County, Missouri, United States, which it serves as the county seat. With a population of 12,590 as of the 2020 census, the city is a part of the Joplin, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area, a region with an estimated 176,849 (2011) residents. Neosho lies on the western edge of the Ozarks, in the far southwest of the state.

The name "Neosho" is of Osage derivation from "Ne-u-zhu", meaning "clear, cold water", "many waters", or "the meeting of waters", which refers to local freshwater springs. The springs attracted varying cultures of Native American inhabitants for thousands of years. The Osage Nation had long occupied the territory at the time of European contact.

Like the Osage, European-American settlers were also attracted to the springs, and founded the community of Neosho in 1833. It was incorporated as a municipal government in 1878. Nicknamed "City of Springs", Neosho has long served as an agricultural center. Since 1888, it has been the site of the Neosho National Fish Hatchery, the oldest in the National Fish Hatchery System.

It is known locally as the "Gateway to the Ozarks". Since 1957, it has also been identified as "the Flower Box City".

Settlement: 1829−1845
Starting in the late 1820s, European-American settlers of English, Scottish, German, Welsh, and Scots-Irish ancestry began moving into the area. The first of these settlers was Lunsford Oliver, who migrated from Tennessee in 1829 and located near Shoal Creek. He was the namesake for Oliver's Prairie. His nearest neighbors were in Springfield, sixty miles to the east. In 1831 he was joined by Nathaniel Turner, John Smith, Joseph Ross, Campbell Pure, Blake Wilson, Levi Lee, Carmac Ratcliffe, and George McInturf. McInturf built a corn mill, the first mill of any kind in the region. Soon afterward came Mathew H. Ritchie, who founded the town of Newtonia near Oliver's Prairie, and John W. McCord, who settled near Walbridge Spring with Levie Lee and founded the town Neosho 12 mi to the west. In these years, the region was called "Six Bulls", a colloquial reference to "six boils", referring to the large streams that flowed through the area – Shoal Creek, Center Creek, Indian Creek, Spring River, and North Fork.

By 1835, at least three schools had been established along Shoal Creek, and a teacher named Billingsley taught near Neosho. The earliest known religious effort dates to 1836, when Methodist Circuit riders visited the area and held meetings in settlers' log cabins.

In 1843, Rev. Anthony Bewley was appointed to the Neosho and Granby circuit, establishing the first permanent churches in Six Bulls. Rev. John W. McCord was involved in organizing Neosho Presbytery, a Cumberland Presbyterian congregation at New Salem Campground, on May 15, 1837. These early settlers were sometimes visited by Native Americans from the Southeast United States, who had been relocated from Georgia to the Indian Territory a few miles west of later Kansas under the Indian Removal Act. They periodically came into the area on hunting expeditions.

Newton County was originally contained in Crawford County and afterward in Barry County. As the population increased, it was separated from Barry County on December 31, 1838, and established as a county under its present name. It was named in honor of American Revolutionary War veteran Sergeant John Newton. He was a comrade of Sergeant William Jasper, who is memorialized at Fort Moultrie. Later the counties of Jasper, McDonald, and Barton, were successively created from some of Newton's territory.

The first county court session was held at Reed's residence on April 13, 1839, Judge Foster P. Wright presiding. John Reed, Hugh Shannon, and Jacob Testerman sat as judges under appointment by Lilburn Boggs, Governor of Missouri. John Reed was made presiding judge, Thomas Mosely Jr., appointed as clerk; John Haskins, as assessor; and Isaac Gibson as sheriff. Townships were established and roads laid out by this body.

On November 12, the commissioners reported Neosho as the permanent seat of justice, and James Wilson was appointed a special commissioner to lay out the town. The first elected county judges were Edward V. Warren, Larkin Newton, Samuel V. Warren, and Samuel M. Cooley, with Milton Sexton as clerk in 1840. That same year, Milton Sexton, as superintendent, built the first courthouse, a log structure that was occupied in March 1841. In 1841, Charles S. Yancey became circuit judge of the Thirteenth Judicial District, to which Newton County was attached. The first state representative was John Wilson.

In 1840, Lemuel B. Hearrell conducted a school at Hickory Creek, which at times numbered forty pupils. In 1842, Wilson opened the first school in Neosho. He taught classical Latin and higher mathematics. The Methodist Church was active in the area from 1845.

During the 1840s, lead was discovered and entrepreneurs developed mining here. Neosho's early commercial development was dominated by lead and zinc mining. Newton County established one of Missouri's earliest commercial operations. Lead was transported by wagon from Neosho to Indian Territory, then shipped down the Arkansas River and Mississippi River to New Orleans. French colonists had conducted lead mining further east in Missouri before the United States acquired the territory in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803.

Realignment: 1846−1861
In 1846, a strip 2 mi wide was detached from northern Newton and attached to southern Jasper County. A survey of the community was undertaken in 1846 by F. M. Duncan, who laid out the courthouse square and surrounding blocks. According to the survey, the town covered an area of about 40 acre and was laid off beginning at the "west edge of the large spring and ... northeast of a large white oak", which included land originally belonging to John McCord.

Part of McCord's relinquished land was returned to him. He subdivided it to take advantage of development related to nearby Neosho. This subdivision, later incorporated into the city limits, is still called "McCord's Addition to Neosho". On August 20, 1847, Neosho was legally incorporated with William C. Jones, Jackson C. McKay, Samuel Rice, William B. Holmes, and William B. Mooney as trustees.

The first Baptist congregation was organized at Neosho in 1847, with the Rev. W.H. Farmer as pastor. He served until 1859.

In 1849, McDonald County was created by an act of the state legislature from the southern portion of Newton County, reducing it to its present dimensions. The same act named John Williams of Taney County, James Williams of Barry County, and Chesley Cannifex of Greene County as commissioners to locate the seat of justice within 5 mi of the new geographical center of the county. They designated the temporary seat at the home of John Reed, one and one-half miles east of the present site of downtown Neosho. Later the same year, a log jail was built.

The design of the courthouse square followed that of the Shelbyville Square Plan, which has lots arranged to face a central courthouse block. A brick courthouse built in 1850 at a cost of $3,000 replaced the earlier log structure. During the next decade, numerous residential and commercial buildings were constructed in and around the courthouse square. The first newspaper printed in the county was the Neosho Chief, founded in 1854 by J. Webb Graves. It was renamed as the Neosho Herald and was removed in 1861 to Arkansas after the outbreak of the American Civil War. Its records were captured by the Union Army.

By special act passed on August 3, 1854, Congress laid out a monthly Pony Express mail route from Neosho to Albuquerque, New Mexico, authorizing an annual budget of $17,000. After the Mexican–American War and the acquisition by the US of the southwest territory, this region became of great commercial and military importance. But the Pony Express route was not a commercial success. In March of the following year, the route was changed to run from Independence to Stockton, California, via Albuquerque.

Civil War: 1861−1865
During the Civil War, the county was occupied alternately by the opposing forces. Several engagements were fought in and around Neosho, Newtonia, and Granby, at some places more than once. In addition, frequent skirmishes took place between small units and raids by area bandits. The schools were closed during the war, and most of the schoolhouses destroyed. The new courthouse was occupied by troops of both armies during the war and finally destroyed c. 1863. After the war, the county records were found intact in a cell in the jail. R.W. Ellis, the county clerk, had concealed them there before he left to join the Confederate Army in 1861.

On July 3, 1861 the Union force of Col. Franz Sigel moved from Neosho to find and trap Gov Jackson's Missouri State Guard force, reported to be somewhere near Lamar, Missouri. Sigel believed that another Union force should be chasing them from their Union victory at Boonville on June 17. Col. Sigel knew that Sterling Price and another Confederate Army were south of his position, so he garrisoned Neosho. Captain Conrad and his Rifle Company B of the 3rd Missouri Infantry, numbering about 80 men, were selected.

When Brigadier General Benjamin McCulloch agreed to General Price's request for assistance with the Missouri State Guard, he moved north. Hearing of the Union force at Neosho, they sent four companies of the 1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles and Cpt. Carroll's Company of Arkansas State troops to capture them. On July 5, the garrison sent forces north to Carthage to ascertain the situation, as the Battle of Carthage was ongoing. Col. McIntosh ordered a two-pronged advance to Neosho, but the western force found its route longer than expected. McIntosh ordered the surrender of the company of Union troops as his Mounted Infantry companies came within two hundred yards of the court house, where the Union force was stationed. With no pickets to the south and a force to the west of town, the Confederates accepted unconditional surrender just as the second force arrived on scene. Captain Conrad's men were paroled on July 8 and were escorted the first four miles to protect them from numerous threats against their lives made by Neosho locals. The Union troops marched unarmed to Springfield, making 85 miles in 50 hours.

On October 21, Missouri Governor Claiborne Jackson and the pro-Southern members of the Missouri General Assembly, who had been forced to flee from Jefferson City when the Union Army approached, held their next to last legislative session at Neosho. On October 28, 1861, they established a provisional capital in Neosho.

Governor Jackson and the Missouri General Assembly met in the Masonic Hall, numbering thirty-nine members of the House and ten of the Senate. They passed an ordinance of secession and the event was celebrated with cannon firing by General Sterling Price's State Guardsmen who were camped in the adjacent hills. The Confederate States government accepted the results of the vote, and Missouri was admitted as the 12th state of the Confederacy. However, the pro-Union members of the General Assembly had already convened, and supported by the occupying Union troops, had declared Jackson removed from office, as well as all who favored the South. The pro-Union members then set up a their own provisional government and appointed Hamilton R. Gamble to be governor. Missouri would have three governors during the course of the Civil War, one elected by the people (Jackson) and two appointed by the pro-Union government (Gamble and William Preble Hall).

General Price made an effort to organize a Confederate defense of Missouri and initially succeeded, but any chance for concerted pro-Southern action ended when he was defeated in March 1862 at Pea Ridge.

During 1862, various engagements between the hostile forces occurred in the vicinity of Neosho. In 1863, Neosho was garrisoned by Union troops, part of the time with American Indian soldiers occupying the courthouse. On October 4, 1863, a portion of the town was burned by Confederate General Joseph Shelby, who appeared with 1,100 men and, after shelling the courthouse, received the surrender of Union Captain McAfee and his 200 men. Confederate casualties in the fight were seven dead and 22 wounded.

No court was held from May 22, 1861 until after the war, when on June 19, 1865, when Tipton O. Wood, Frederick Gallimore, and James R. Pearson sat as a county court with W.I.I. Morrow as clerk and Harvey Conly as sheriff; all were temporarily commissioned by the Governor. In 1866, elections were finally held and order was established. In 1866 a board of education was organized, consisting of Lyman Beebe, J.H. Price Sr., R.V. Keller, E.H. Benham, Hubbard F. Jones and Edwin Ebert. A school site was purchased and the existing building repaired. In 1867, a small two-story building was erected for courthouse purposes and the county officers were provided for there and in private buildings until 1878, when a substantial stone and brick building was completed at a cost of $16,250. In 1887, a jail was built. The first circuit court session was held at the house of Judge John Reed on July 22, 1839, Judge Foster P. Wright presiding.

Debate flourishes to this day regarding the legitimacy of these actions, or for that matter those of the Union men who deposed him from office. Claiborne Jackson continued to serve as governor in the Confederate-held portions of the state. But by the end of 1861, Union forces would occupy almost all of Missouri. Jackson took refuge in Arkansas, dying in Little Rock the following year of cancer. A Union victory at the Battle of Pea Ridge in northwest Arkansas in early 1862 sealed Missouri's fate as a Union border state.

Reconstruction: 1866−1899
Following the Civil War, Neosho became a prominent commercial center of southwest Missouri during the late 19th century. The population of the small community grew in size from approximately 500 to 2,725 between 1870 and 1900. During these decades dozens of brick commercial buildings were built around the central courthouse square containing a wide variety of private businesses including lumber yards, livery stables, general stores, and hotels. In addition to retail shops and stores the city also boasted numerous manufacturing companies such as wagon factories, mills, and even a cigar factory. A new brick courthouse was constructed in 1878 followed by a county jail in 1888. The Atlantic and Pacific Railroad reached Neosho in 1870. The A& P eventually became the San Francisco and St Louis railroad. In 1878, Neosho was incorporated and the first permanent courthouse was constructed in the center of the town square. In 1887 the Kansas City-Fort Smith and Southern Railroad entered Neosho. The KCFS& S served the Neosho National Fish Hatchery, the oldest Federal Fish Hatchery still operating today, which was built the following year. This railroad was eventually sold to the Kansas City Southern Railroad which still operates and runs through Neosho today.

In the 1882, after the vineyards of France, Spain, and Portugal were struck by the deadly phylloxera louse, it was determined that grapes bred by Neosho winemaker Hermann Jaeger were resistant to the louse. His work proved to be a savior for the great vineyards of Europe. Working with other scholars and grape growers, Jaeger supplied cuttings from his Monark Springs vineyards to help replant those lost in Europe. For his contribution to the grape and wine industries of France, Jaeger was awarded the coveted French Legion of Honour, the highest award that that nation can bestow on a civilian.

By 1898, there were 101 schools in Newton County with 139 teachers and 7,618 pupils. The permanent school fund was $23,260.28. The population of the county in 1900 was 28,001. By the start of the 20th century the city Neosho was a thriving community connected by three rail lines and exporting a variety of products and agricultural produce. The courthouse square continued as Neosho's commercial and governmental center well into the 20th century. Numerous commercial buildings were constructed from 1900 to 1930 including the four-story Haas Building on the north side of the square. The Missouri and North Arkansas Railroad ran from the Arkansas resort town of Eureka Springs to Neosho where it connected with the Frisco and Kansas City Southern tracks in 1908.

20th century
On August 5, 1914 there was a head-on collision between motorcar No. 103 of passenger train of the Missouri & North Arkansas Railroad Company and locomotive No. 805, of a regular passenger train of the Kansas City Southern Railway Company, near Tipton Ford, a few miles north of Neosho. Because Motorcar No. 103 was carrying about 105 gallons of gasoline at the time, 43 passengers died, many burned beyond recognition, several others were injured, and the motorcar was entirely demolished. Two days later the city held a funeral on the Newton County courthouse lawn for more than 30 unidentified individuals, who were buried in a mass grave in the Neosho I.O.O.F. cemetery.

During the Great Depression, the federal government assisted financially in the construction of the Neosho City Hall and Municipal Auditorium, as well as the current Newton County Courthouse. Funded by the Works Progress Administration, the original courthouse was razed in December 1935 to make way for the current Carthage stone, Art Deco-style courthouse, which was designed by architect Neal C. Davis, a Newton County native. Construction of the new courthouse began in April 1936. In 1938, another Davis-designed, WPA-funded project, the Auditorium and City Hall, was completed. This building was extensively restored and modernized in a multi-million project completed in September 2008.

Neosho is the home of Fort Crowder. Originally established as Camp Crowder south of town in 1941 at the height of World War II, the post was to serve as an armored training center. By 1943 the army had acquired 42,786.41 acre in Newton and McDonald counties. As the facility was constructed, it was re-designated as a U.S. Army Signal Corps training center. It was named for Enoch Crowder, a Missouri general who was instrumental in developing the draft for World War I and the Selective Service. The post also served as an infantry replacement center; later in the war, it had a small German prisoner-of-war detention facility.

Some of the soldiers stationed at Camp Crowder included Carl Reiner, Dick Van Dyke, Mort Walker, Tillman Franks, and Jean Shepherd. Writers for the 1960s-era The Dick Van Dyke Show, made the post the setting where Rob and Laura Petrie, portrayed by actors Dick Van Dyke and Mary Tyler Moore, met; Rob was a sergeant in Special Services and Laura was a USO dancer. The camp was well known to its residents for being muddy and swampy during the rainy season. The cartoonist Mort Walker, who was stationed there, later used it for his fictional "Camp Swampy" in his long-running newspaper comic strip, Beetle Bailey.

Camp Crowder was deactivated in 1951. While the core of the post was retained, many of the temporary barracks were declared surplus and sold. The base's movie theatre was disassembled and reassembled on the campus of what is today the University of Missouri – Kansas City. It served as the Kansas City Playhouse until being torn down for a new theatre. A portion of its wall, which contains statues of Comedy and Tragedy, are landmarks on the university campus. Neosho obtained the permanent barracks as surplus and adapted them as the core of the community college campus for Crowder College.

The Flower Box City
Since 1957, Neosho has been locally well known as "The Flower Box City"; that year it earned the All-America City Award for its beautification efforts. In 1955 the town had received a $5,000 grant from the New York Community Trust for that purpose. Local companies provided lumber at cost, and the Jaycees formed an assembly line to build more than 200 wooden flower boxes. Pet Milk Company donated 400 used wooden barrels for container gardens, and town nurseries supplied plants at reduced rates. The city dressed up trash cans and parking meters around the courthouse square with flower baskets. In 1957 Neosho earned a coveted All-America City Award from Look magazine and the National Municipal League. (The Life magazine photojournalist Wallace Kirkland covered the 1957 city for the magazine. A life collection of his photographs from this assignment, many previously unpublished, can be found in the Life photo archive, hosted by Google). Since then, the Flower Box Promotion Committee has supported beautification and awarded 'Beauty Spot' prizes each spring and summer to homes and businesses with outstanding yards, flower gardens, and flower boxes.

Fort Crowder
In the early 1950s, local congressman Dewey Jackson Short, senior member of the House Armed Services Committee, secured authorization and some funding to build two permanent barracks and a disciplinary barracks to reactivate the former Camp Crowder as a permanent installation, Fort Crowder. Its mission was to be the Army's military police training school. After Short's defeat in the 1956 election, the fort was deactivated.

About 2000 acre of the post was turned over to the U. S. Air Force, which constructed Plant 65. The rocket engine manufacturing facility was operated by contract to North American Aviation, later known as Rocketdyne. This facility became Rocketdyne's primary manufacturing and testing complex for the H-1 rocket engine, used by the Saturn I and Saturn IB rockets. These rockets were used in NASA's Apollo, Skylab, and Apollo-Soyuz Test Project programs until its contract ended in 1968.

On April 24, 1975, a major tornado caused massive destruction and killed three persons. It destroyed a motel, apartment complex and mobile home park, along with dozens of homes and businesses.

21st century
Today, Neosho is enjoying a renaissance, particularly in the historic downtown area. Through a combination of private investment and public resources, numerous restoration and revitalization projects have been undertaken in the historic city center to restore its architectural quality, upgrade the infrastructure, and improve the quality of life of downtown.

Other noteworthy events

 * 1870 – the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad reaches Neosho.
 * 1878 – First county courthouse is built in the center of the downtown square. Neosho is incorporated.
 * 1887 – Kansas City, Fort Smith and Southern Railroad reaches Neosho.
 * 1888 – Neosho National Fish Hatchery is built, and telephone service comes to town.
 * 1892 – E. R. Matters establishes his jewelry store. Today it is one of the oldest family-owned businesses in the state.
 * 1938 – Scenes from the 1939 film Jesse James, starring Tyrone Power and Henry Fonda are filmed at the Kansas City Southern railroad depot, with many locals serving as extras.
 * 1939—Neosho celebrates its centennial with the creation of the Centennial Mural by Duard Marshall.
 * 1966 – The landmark Big Spring Inn burns to the ground.
 * 1978 – Neosho is named recipient of the All-Missouri Certified City Award.
 * 2006 – Neosho is announced as one of ten cities selected as first annual inductees into Missouri Governor Matt Blunt's DREAM Initiative, a state-funded downtown revitalization and economic assistance program. Other 2006 cities were Cape Girardeau, Excelsior Springs, Hannibal, Hermann, Kennett, Sedalia, St. Joseph, Washington, and West Plains.
 * 2007 – Three people are killed and at least five others injured when Eiken Elam Saimon takes about 30 people hostage at First Congregational Church.
 * 2015 - December 29 - Historic flooding rocked Newton County and the surrounding areas, with creek levels a full seven feet above previous records.
 * 2017 - April 29 - Massive flood in Neosho, submerging vehicles and causing water damage in homes not normally affected by floods.

Geography
Neosho is in south central Newton County approximately 15 miles south-southeast of Joplin. It is at the intersection of US routes 60 and 71.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 15.75 sqmi, of which 15.73 sqmi is land and 0.02 sqmi is water.

Neosho is noted for numerous springs including:

Big Spring
Also known historically as Clark Spring, Big Spring is Neosho's largest spring and is located near the historic downtown in the city's main park, Big Spring Park. This spring issues at the base of a high bluff of Mississippian limestone from a series of cavernous openings developed along a bedding plane, and flows through the city park.

Bell's Iron Spring
Also known as historically as Walbridge Spring, located 900 ft east of the Big Spring and a block east of the courthouse square, Bell's Iron Spring played an important role in Neosho's development. Originally rising in the valley and capable of supplying a city of 50,000 people, though hidden from view for many years, this spring is currently the focus of an ongoing restoration project, which includes plans to re-expose the spring and redevelop the surrounding property as a public historic park. Due to the recent discovery of the presence of endangered Ozark cave fish in the spring, the city is working closely with Missouri Department of Conservation and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Hatchery springs
Hearrell, McMahon, Bartholic, and Elm Springs supply water to the Neosho National Fish Hatchery. In 1888, Hearrell Spring, named after Lemuel B Hearrell, began supplying water to the newly built hatchery. In 1908, McMahon Spring was added to supply the hatchery's fish rearing ponds, after its condemnation under the governmental power of eminent domain. In 1964, after the closing of nearby Fort Crowder, additional water was supplied by Elm Spring and Bartholic Spring. With Hearrell Spring producing nearly the same volume of water as Big Spring, the combined flow of these four springs is about 2,000,000 gallons per day as it arrives at the hatchery. While Hearrell Spring arises at the hatchery, water from the other springs is piped several miles by pipeline from their origins to the hatchery.

Other springs

 * Bethesda Spring – in the northeast section. Historically notable for its purported healing properties.
 * Birch Spring – a strong spring just south of the Bethesda Spring.
 * Brock's Spring – on the eastern line of Neosho.
 * Carter & Clark Springs – in the northern part of town. Considered by early residents to have medicinal qualities.
 * Hobo Spring – also known as Williams Spring, west of downtown.
 * McElhany Springs – forming a bold stream of freestone water in the western part of the town.
 * Mertin Springs – three springs north of the Bethesda spring which rush from beneath a cliff.
 * Morse Spring
 * Sevier's Springs – two soft water springs just south of Brock's Spring.

Climate
Neosho lies near the geographic center of the contiguous United States, in an area with a high concentration of freshwater streams and lakes. This makes for a humid subtropical (Köppen climate classification: Cfa) with moderate precipitation and extremes of hot and cold. Summers can be very humid, with moist air riding up from the Gulf of Mexico, and during July and August daytime highs can reach into the triple digits. Winters vary from mild days to bitterly cold, with lows reaching into the teens below zero a few times a year.

Neosho is situated in "Tornado Alley", a broad region where cold air from the Rocky Mountains and Canada collides with warm air from the Gulf of Mexico, leading to the formation of powerful storms. Neosho has had many severe outbreaks of tornadoes, including an EF4 tornado hit the Neosho area on May 10, 2008, and traveled about 80 mi in two states, as well as a major tornado that caused massive destruction on April 24, 1975, which resulted in three killed and many injured. The region is also prone to ice storms, such as the 2007 ice storm during which hundreds of thousands lost power for days and (in some cases) weeks. The White House declared 34 counties in Missouri disaster areas. Damage in Missouri totaled $352.9 million (2007 USD).

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 12,590 people, 4,382 households, and 2,769 families in Neosho. The population density was 799.4 per square mile (308.6/km$2$). There were 5,017 housing units at an average density of 318.5 per square mile (123.0/km$2$). The racial makeup was 72.96% (9,186) white, 0.95% (119) black or African-American, 2.14% (270) Native American, 0.57% (72) Asian, 4.65% (585) Pacific Islander, 9.52% (1,199) from other races, and 9.21% (1,159) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 11.8% (1,423) of the population.

Of the 4,382 households, 34.0% had children under the age of 18; 49.2% were married couples living together; 30.4% had a female householder with no husband present. Of all households, 28.1% consisted of individuals and 12.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.6 and the average family size was 3.3.

27.0% of the population was under the age of 18, 9.7% from 18 to 24, 25.6% from 25 to 44, 18.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.2 years. For every 100 females, the population had 93.8 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 87.1 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $43,925 (with a margin of error of +/- $6,725) and the median family income was $53,570 (+/- $4,887). Males had a median income of $30,938 (+/- $1,846) versus $21,290 (+/- $3,938) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $27,421 (+/- $2,612). Approximately, 14.2% of families and 21.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.9% of those under the age of 18 and 7.8% of those ages 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 11,835 people, 4,457 households, and 2,962 families residing in the city. The population density was 752.4 PD/sqmi. There were 4,998 housing units at an average density of 317.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 84.2% White, 1.0% African American, 1.6% Native American, 0.9% Asian, 2.4% Pacific Islander, 7.2% from other races, and 2.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11.3% of the population.

There were 4,457 households, of which 36.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.8% were married couples living together, 13.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.5% were non-families. 28.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.12.

The median age in the city was 32.7 years. 27.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 11.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.5% were from 25 to 44; 21.4% were from 45 to 64; and 14.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.3% male and 51.7% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 10,505 people, 4,136 households, and 2,725 families residing in the city. The population density was 703.6 PD/sqmi. There were 4,510 housing units at an average density of 302.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 90.99% White, 1.04% African American, 1.61% Native American, 0.39% Asian, 1.00% Pacific Islander, 2.73% from other races, and 2.24% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.23% of the population.

There were 4,136 households, out of which 31.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.5% were married couples living together, 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.1% were non-families. 29.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.2% under the age of 18, 10.8% from 18 to 24, 26.1% from 25 to 44, 19.8% from 45 to 64, and 17.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,225, and the median income for a family was $37,790. Males had a median income of $27,672 versus $20,632 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,847. About 8.7% of families and 12.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.3% of those under age 18 and 9.4% of those age 65 or over.

Cultural institutions

 * Newton County Historical Society Museum
 * Longwell Museum
 * Thomas Hart Benton Collection
 * Neosho National Fish Hatchery – oldest operating Federal Fish Hatchery
 * Big Spring Park
 * Morse Park
 * Bicentennial Park

Historic district
A large portion of downtown Neosho, described as the Neosho Commercial Historic District, is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. It includes as a non-contributing building the former McGinty's Department Store building. Also listed in the register are the Second Baptist Church, located several blocks north of downtown and built in the Victorian Gothic style of 1896, and the Neosho High School and Neosho Wholesale Grocery Company. Since 2001, private and public parties have combined efforts to revitalize downtown Neosho. They have restored and renovated portions of the historic district, including installation of new street lights and sidewalks, and renovation of storefronts. and new sidewalks.

Entertainment and performing arts

 * Neosho Civic Center (also known as "The Civic", formerly the Neosho Municipal Auditorium)

Legends and folklore
Local legend has it that Confederate gold is buried within the town, and that a cave holds the remains of the soldiers as well as the gold. Interest in this legend increased in 2002, when Jim Cole, the former city manager and director of public works, announced that he believed he found this missing cave.

Another part of the legend of the cave is that two brothers, J.W. Abbott and E.M. Abbott, were lost while exploring the cave in the early 20th century, and thus the cave was later closed. The Abbott brothers created the Big Spring Park Fund, and a dedication plaque now stands near Big Spring Cave in their memory.

Industry

 * BASF
 * La-Z-Boy Incorporated – Recliner and sofa assembly plant
 * Premier Turbines – Aircraft engine repair and overhaul facility – formerly Rocketdyne
 * Newell Brands - formerly Jarden Corporation – formerly Sunbeam Inc.
 * Leggett & Platt-Formed Wire Division – Diversified wire products manufacturer – formerly Talbot Industries

Government
Neosho's municipal organization provided for under the city charter is a home rule council-manager government.

Public schools

 * Neosho School District: Current board members are Brett Day, Jonathan Russell, Steven Douglas, Kim Wood, Phil Wise, Keri Collinsworth, and Stuart Puckett.
 * Crowder College. Crowder College has been deeply involved in alternative energy research since the early 1980s; in 1984, it built the first solar-powered vehicle to successfully complete a coast-to-coast journey across the United States. In 2009, the college began construction on the MARET (Missouri Alternative & Renewable Energy Technology) Center, a facility to encourage the development of experimental programs and alternative energy systems.

Private schools

 * Neosho Beauty College
 * Neosho Christian Schools (K-12)
 * Ozark Bible Institute and College https://www.obi.college/ (B.B.L., B.B.S., B.C.E.)
 * Ozark Christian Academy (Pre K-12)
 * Trinity Learning Center

Public library
Neosho has a lending library, the Neosho Newton County Library.

Radio

 * KBTN, 1420 AM – country, news
 * KNEO, 91.7 FM – Christian

Newspapers

 * Neosho Daily News
 * The News-Dispatch

Highways

 * Interstate 49 South to Northwest Arkansas, North to Joplin, & Kansas City, Missouri
 * [[Image:US 60.svg|20px]] US 60 (which runs from Brenda, Arizona to Virginia Beach, Virginia). East to Monett, Missouri, West to Vinita, Oklahoma
 * Jefferson Lines (Intercity Bus)

Rail
Neosho was on the main line of the St. Louis–San Francisco Railway between St. Louis and Oklahoma City. It also was a stop on the defunct Missouri and North Arkansas Railroad, which provided passenger and freight service from Joplin, Missouri, to Helena in Phillips County in eastern Arkansas, from 1906 until its disestablishment in 1946.

 * St. Louis-San Francisco Railway
 * Kansas City Southern Railway
 * BNSF Railway

Air
Neosho is home to the Hugh Robinson Airport.

Sister city

 * Pohnpei, Micronesia

Notable people

 * Thomas Hart Benton (1889-1975) – painter and Regionalist muralist.
 * James Bishop (1927-2021) – Modernist painter.
 * Scott Berry (1962- ) – Southern Miss head baseball coach.
 * George Washington Carver (1864-1943) – African-American inventor and botanist attended school in Neosho.
 * Donn Clendenon (1935-2005) – Major League Baseball first baseman
 * David Edwards (1956– ) – Professional golfer in the PGA.
 * Allison Garrett (1964– ) – Current president at Emporia State University.
 * Billy James Hargis (1925–2004) – Christian evangelist.
 * H. Waldo Hatler (1894–1967) – World War I soldier and Medal of Honor recipient.
 * Hermann Jaeger (1815–1890) – Missouri wine pioneer & French Legion of Honor recipient.
 * Gavin Kelso (1990- ) - Bass player with Grand Ole Opry star and Country Music Hall of Famer Ricky Skaggs and Kentucky Thunder.
 * Preston Lacy (1969- ) – comedian attended Neosho High School.
 * Daniel Longwell (1899–1968) – co-founder and managing editor of Life magazine who retired to Neosho
 * James Duard Marshall (1914–2010) – artist who painted the town's centennial mural in 1939.
 * Travis Phelps (1977– ) – Major League Baseball pitcher.
 * Charles T. Powers (1943–1996) – journalist and novelist.
 * Hugh Armstrong Robinson (1881-1963) – aviation pioneer.
 * Will Rogers (1879-1935) – humorist attended Willow Hassel School in Neosho.
 * James Scott (1885-1938) – ragtime composer and pianist born in Neosho

title: Neosho, Missouri


text:
Newtonia, Missouri

Newtonia is a village in Newton County, Missouri, United States. The population was 199 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Joplin, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area. Newtonia was the site of the Battles of Newtonia during the American Civil War. The village contains some Antebellum houses, such as the Mathew H. Ritchey House, as well as a cemetery for Civil War dead. It is a farming community and is immediately adjacent to Stark City, Missouri.

History
Newtonia was laid out in 1857, taking its name from Newton County. A post office called Newtonia was established in 1858, and remained in operation until 1973.

The First Battle of Newtonia Historic District, Mathew H. Ritchey House, and Second Battle of Newtonia Site are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

In 2008, a tornado struck the village, damaging many homes (including the Mathew H. Ritchey House).

Geography
Newtonia is located on Missouri Route 86, approximately nine miles east of Neosho. Stark City lies one mile south along Route 86. Granby is approximately 4.5 miles to the northwest on U.S. Route 60.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.33 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 199 people, 74 households, and 55 families living in the village. The population density was 603.0 PD/sqmi. There were 84 housing units at an average density of 254.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 95.0% White, 0.5% African American, 0.5% Native American, 2.5% Asian, and 1.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.5% of the population.

There were 74 households, of which 29.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.5% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 25.7% were non-families. 23.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family size was 3.18.

The median age in the village was 41.3 years. 26.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 16.5% were from 25 to 44; 27% were from 45 to 64; and 19.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 50.8% male and 49.2% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 231 people, 89 households, and 67 families living in the town. The population density was 702.0 PD/sqmi. There were 92 housing units at an average density of 279.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 92.64% White, 3.90% Native American, 1.73% from other races, and 1.73% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.16% of the population.

There were 89 households, out of which 32.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.8% were married couples living together, 9.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.7% were non-families. 22.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.07.

In the town the population was spread out, with 29.0% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 25.1% from 25 to 44, 20.8% from 45 to 64, and 17.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.5 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $34,375, and the median income for a family was $35,625. Males had a median income of $26,000 versus $26,000 for females. The per capita income for the town was $13,088. About 12.7% of families and 15.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.4% of those under the age of eighteen and 16.1% of those 65 or over.

title: Newtonia, Missouri


text:
Seneca, Missouri

Seneca is a city in western Newton County, Missouri, United States. The population was 2,336 at the 2010 census. Located on the southwestern border of the state, the city is part of the Joplin, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
Seneca was platted by European Americans in 1869, following the Civil War. The city was named for the Seneca Nation, one of the Six Nations of the Iroquois League, or Haudenosaunee, who had been historically based in New York and south of the Great Lakes.

In the 1830s, many of the Seneca people still in the East had been pushed west of the Mississippi River into Indian Territory, which included parts of present-day Missouri, Kansas and Oklahoma. "This tribe was moved to the Indian Territory not many miles west of town. The word is a corruption of the Dutch word "Sinnekaas," a term applied to them."

A post office called Seneca has been in operation since 1869.

Several houses in the rural northern Seneca area were destroyed by a tornado on May 10, 2008 in the Mid-May 2008 tornado outbreak sequence. An EF4 tornado hit the county, killing 13 people. The Early Show broadcast their national weather report from the city on the following Monday morning.

On the one- year anniversary of the tornado, Bill Lant, owner of Lant's Feed and Country Store, unveiled a memorial for the people who had died in the disaster. He had donated the plot of land and memorial, and had the memorial built next to his store.

Geography
Seneca is located on Lost Creek, approximately one-quarter mile from the Missouri-Oklahoma state line. Missouri Route 43 passes through the town and U.S. Route 60 passes just south of the location. Neosho is about ten miles east, along Route 60.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.56 sqmi, all land.

Seneca is located in Lost Creek Valley, five miles upstream from the Grand Lake of the Cherokees and five miles downstream from the quaint Old Settlers town of Racine. The Frisco Railroad (now Burlington-Northern) runs through this valley.

Prior to 1959, highway traffic to and from Oklahoma largely followed US 60 through Seneca. US 60 joins the more famous U.S. Route 66, approximately 15 miles west of Seneca.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 2,336 people, 877 households, and 612 families living in the city. The population density was 912.5 PD/sqmi. There were 962 housing units at an average density of 375.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 85.3% White, 0.3% African American, 8.0% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.4% from other races, and 5.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.2% of the population.

There were 877 households, of which 40.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.2% were married couples living together, 16.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 30.2% were non-families. 26.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.13.

The median age in the city was 35.3 years. 28.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24% were from 25 to 44; 21.5% were from 45 to 64; and 17.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.9% male and 52.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,135 people, 820 households, and 575 families living in the city. The population density was 1,231.2 PD/sqmi. There were 876 housing units at an average density of 505.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 88.99% White, 0.09% African American, 6.56% Native American, 0.23% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 0.33% from other races, and 3.70% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.12% of the population.

There were 820 households, out of which 35.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.6% were married couples living together, 13.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.8% were non-families. 27.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the city the population was spread out, with 26.9% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 25.3% from 25 to 44, 19.8% from 45 to 64, and 20.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 81.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 75.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $29,441, and the median income for a family was $37,566. Males had a median income of $28,264 versus $19,662 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,525. About 8.8% of families and 14.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.4% of those under age 18 and 15.8% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Public education in Seneca is administered by Seneca R-VII School District.

Seneca has a public library, the Seneca Branch Library.

Notable people

 * Scott Elbert - Pitcher for the Los Angeles Dodgers
 * Steve Gaines - Guitarist for Lynyrd Skynyrd
 * Cassie Gaines- Backup singer for Lynyrd Skynyrd; sister of Steve Gaines
 * Little Britches - Female bandit, associated with Cattle Annie, resided in Seneca during her girlhood in the 1880s.
 * Morris Watts - Former assistant football coach at Michigan State University

title: Seneca, Missouri


text:
Shoal Creek Drive, Missouri

Shoal Creek Drive is a village in Newton County, Missouri, United States. The population was 337 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Joplin, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.47 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 337 people, 141 households, and 96 families living in the village. The population density was 717.0 PD/sqmi. There were 161 housing units at an average density of 342.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 95.0% White, 0.6% African American, 1.8% Native American, 0.6% Asian, 1.2% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.0% of the population.

There were 141 households, of which 24.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.2% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 31.9% were non-families. 25.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.88.

The median age in the village was 47.3 years. 19% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.5% were from 25 to 44; 32.3% were from 45 to 64; and 20.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 50.4% male and 49.6% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 346 people, 133 households, and 104 families living in the village. The population density was 735.6 PD/sqmi. There were 155 housing units at an average density of 329.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 92.77% White, 2.02% African American, 2.60% Native American, 0.29% Asian, 0.29% Pacific Islander, 0.58% from other races, and 1.45% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.31% of the population.

There were 133 households, out of which 32.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.7% were married couples living together, 6.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.8% were non-families. 21.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 2.92.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.3% under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 26.3% from 25 to 44, 22.5% from 45 to 64, and 20.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.0 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $39,167, and the median income for a family was $41,250. Males had a median income of $27,188 versus $24,688 for females. The per capita income for the village was $21,253. About 7.4% of families and 7.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.3% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

title: Shoal Creek Drive, Missouri