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South Fallsburg, New York

South Fallsburg is a hamlet and census-designated place in Sullivan County, New York, United States. South Fallsburg is located within the Town of Fallsburg at 41.71639°N, -74.63028°W (41.716489, -74.630279).

History
South Fallsburg is located in the one-time resort area of the Catskill Mountains known as the Borscht Belt. The Raleigh Hotel on Heiden Road is a 320-room Glatt Kosher Cholov Yisrael hotel for Hasidic Jews sitting on 200 acre; it also serves as a convention center for religious and nonreligious groups. The Rivoli Theatre and South Fallsburg Hebrew Association Synagogue are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The town is home to a center of Siddha Yoga, the Shree Muktananda Ashram of the SYDA Foundation.

Demographics
As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 2,870 people, 909 households, and 606 families residing in South Fallsburg. There were 1,385 housing units. The racial makeup of the CDP included 63.7% White and 14.2% African American. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 38.5% of the population. Families including a husband and a wife made up 38.8% of the population. As of 2017, an estimated 59.2% of residents were below the poverty level.

Notable people
South Fallsburg is home to singer-songwriters Gavin and Joey DeGraw, librarian Sari Feldman, jazz pianist and composer Kenny Werner, and Yeshiva Gedolah Zichron Moshe.

title: South Fallsburg, New York


text:
Thompson, New York

Thompson is a town in the southern part of Sullivan County, New York, United States. The population was 16,550 at the 2020 census. The town is named after William Thompson, an early settler.

History
The town was first settled in 1749. Thompson was established in 1803 from the town of Mamakating. Part of the town was taken from the town of Fallsburg in 1826.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 87.4 sqmi, of which 84.1 sqmi is land and 3.3 sqmi  (3.77%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 14,189 people, 5,543 households, and 3,481 families residing in the town. The population density was 168.7 PD/sqmi. There were 9,258 housing units at an average density of 110.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 73.70% white, 16.94% African American, 0.18% Native American, 1.85% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 4.64% from other races, and 2.67% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 14.56% of the population.

There were 5,543 households, out of which 30.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.4% were married couples living together, 15.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.2% were non-families. 30.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.0% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 25.5% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.0 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $35,511, and the median income for a family was $41,043. Males had a median income of $37,759 versus $26,692 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,668. About 18.3% of families and 23.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 34.9% of those under age 18 and 13.4% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the town of Thompson

 * Ateres – a village near Kiamesha Lake on Gibber Rd.
 * Bridgeville – a hamlet southeast of Monticello on Route 17.
 * Coopers Corners – a hamlet west of Monticello.
 * East Monticello – a location east of Monticello on Route 17.
 * Emerald Green – a hamlet by the eastern town line on Route 17.
 * Glen Wild – a hamlet east of Monticello. The Anshei Glen Wild Synagogue and Glen Wild Methodist Church are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
 * Harris – a hamlet north and west of Monticello.
 * Kiamesha Lake – a hamlet north of Monticello on Route 42.
 * Maplewood – a hamlet west of Monticello.
 * Melody Lake – a location by the southern town line.
 * Monticello – village which is the county seat.
 * Rock Hill – a hamlet southeast of Monticello on Route 17.
 * Sackett Lake – a location in the southwestern part of the town.
 * Thompsonville – a hamlet in the eastern part of the town.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Thompson, New York


text:
Tusten, New York

Tusten is a town in Sullivan County in the U.S. state of New York. The population was 1,405 at the 2020 census. The name is derived from Dr. Benjamin Tusten, a distinguished military leader killed when he refused to leave his troops at the Battle of Minisink.

The Town of Tusten is located in the southwestern part of Sullivan county.

History
The town was previously part of the Towns of Mamakating and Lumberland in 1853. Benjamin Homans was the first settler, setting himself up by Narrowsburg. The Ten Mile River Baptist Church and Tusten Stone Arch Bridge are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Tusten is also home to the historic Fort Delaware. Markers celebrating local history can be found on walker friendly paths around town.

Geography
The western town line, delineated by the Delaware River, is the border of Pennsylvania.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 48.8 sqmi, of which 47.3 sqmi is land and 1.5 sqmi  (3.18%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,415 people, 583 households, and 367 families residing in the town. The population density was 29.9 PD/sqmi. There were 1,008 housing units at an average density of 21.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 89.12% White, 6.93% African American, 0.14% Native American, 0.92% Asian, 1.13% from other races, and 1.77% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.60% of the population.

There were 583 households, out of which 26.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.6% were married couples living together, 8.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.0% were non-families. 32.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.89.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 22.3% under the age of 18, 4.2% from 18 to 24, 24.1% from 25 to 44, 28.3% from 45 to 64, and 21.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $38,824, and the median income for a family was $46,250. Males had a median income of $35,125 versus $25,938 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,413. About 6.8% of families and 9.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.9% of those under age 18 and 4.3% of those age 65 or over.

Government
Local Government

The town of Tusten is governed under the New York state form of town government. The governing body is five members (one supervisor and four council members) whose members are elected directly by the voters at-large in general elections to serve four-year terms of office on a staggered basis, except the supervisor, whose term is two years.

As of 2024, members of the Tusten town board are Supervisor Bernard R. Johnson (R, term on board and as supervisor ends December 31, 2025), Councilwoman Cass Collins (D, term on board ends December 31, 2027) Councilman Bruce Gettel (D, term on board ends December 31, 2027), Councilman Kevin McDonough (D, term on board ends December 31, 2025), and Councilman Greg Triggs (D, term on board ends December 31, 2025).

Crystal Weston (R, term ending December 31, 2025) is the Town Clerk.

Jane Luchsinger (D) is the town Deputy Supervisor.

Monthly town board meetings are held the second Tuesday of each month beginning at 6:30pm ET at the Tusten Town Hall at 210 Bridge Street in Narrowsburg, New York.

Cuisine
Within the town of Tusten is the riverfront hamlet of Narrowsburg. Narrowsburg has two pizzerias and is known locally as "The Pizza Capital of the Upper Delaware River".

Narrowsburg also has a Chinese restaurant, a Mexican restaurant, a seasonal ice-cream drive-in, a walk-up BBQ window and brewery, 2 coffee shops, a cafe, a wine-bar serving flatbreads & paninis, a sushi tiki bar, French-Alsatian bistro, and a restaurant serving updated American cuisine.

Communities and locations in Tusten

 * Narrowsburg – A hamlet by the Delaware River. It was formerly called Homans Eddy
 * Beaver Brook Corners (or Beaver Brook) – A hamlet in the eastern part of the town
 * Feagles Lake – A small lake east of Narrowsburg
 * Hunts Corners – A hamlet east of Narrowsburg on Route 52
 * Lava – A hamlet east of Narrowsburg on Route 52
 * Neweiden – A hamlet southeast of Narrowsburg on the Ten Mile River, formerly called Swamp Mills
 * Smith Switch – A location in the northwestern corner of the town by the Delaware River and on Route 97
 * Ten Mile River – A small river and the site of a large summer camp maintained by the Boy Scouts of America, located near Neweiden
 * Tusten – The hamlet of Tusten is located in the southwestern part of the town on Route 97

Notable people

 * Benjamin Woodward, politician
 * Gustavus Adolphus Neumann, newspaper editor

title: Tusten, New York


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Woodridge, New York

Woodridge is a village in Sullivan County, New York, United States. The population was 747 at the 2020 census. The village is in the town of Fallsburg at the junction of county routes 53, 54, 58, and 158. The Woodridge ZIP Code is 12789.

History
The village was formerly called "Centreville". A history of the village, Centreville to Woodridge by Erna W. Elliott, was published by Exposition Press in 1976. Centreville was a station stop along the old New York, Ontario and Western Railway.

Woodridge is located in the Catskills Borscht Belt resort area. In its heyday it was home to numerous summer hotels, bungalow colonies, and boarding houses. Fallsburgh Central School's high school was in Woodridge. The last graduating class was in 1958. The new high school was built in Fallsburg.

During the 1950s, Woodridge had:

 * 4 bars
 * 3 hardware stores
 * 2 dental offices
 * 1 amusement business
 * 6 gasoline stations
 * 3 produce markets
 * 2 bus lines
 * 5 automobile repair shops
 * 5 groceries
 * 1 fish market
 * 2 taxi services
 * 2 dry cleaners
 * 4 luncheonettes
 * 2 drug stores
 * 1 bank
 * 1 movie theatre
 * 3 clothing stores
 * 1 liquor store
 * 1 shoe store
 * 1 steam laundry
 * 2 barber shops
 * 3 automobile dealerships
 * 1 mattress manufacturer
 * 3 butcher shops
 * 2 medical doctor's offices
 * 3 lumber yards

1- bakery- Mortmans

In addition, there were numerous trades and professionals, including painters, a plumber, electricians, masons, carpenters, auto body repair, CPAs, architects, lawyers, flooring contractors, sign painters and chicken dealers.

A small percentage of the permanent population is still Orthodox Jewish. There are two active synagogues in Woodridge:

 * Ohave Shalom Synagogue was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.
 * K'hal Yerim of Woodridge on 25 Highland Avenue was founded in 1985 by the Grand Rabbi Yitzchok Lebovits.

On July 16, 2010, an eruv was erected in Woodridge under the supervision of Rabbi Yechiel Steinmetz of Monsey, New York. Rabbi Yechiel Steinmetz's eruv was functional only for that summer.

Silver Lake Dam was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

Notable former hotels in Woodridge

 * Palms Hotel
 * Olympic Hotel
 * Avon Lodge
 * Glory Hotel
 * Hotel Israel (Fischel Kleinberg's)
 * Vegetarian Hotel (Konviser family)
 * The Biltmore
 * Sunny Oaks
 * The Claremore Country Club
 * Sunny Acres Dude Ranch
 * The Rosemond
 * The Alamac Country Club
 * Rubinstein's Hotel
 * Saperstein's Bungalow's
 * Hotel Weingerson
 * Shein's Hotel

Government

 * Mayor- Joan Collins
 * Trustees- Ronald Kates, Yits Kantrowitz, Leni Binder, and Steve Levy
 * Village Clerk- Myra Bennett
 * Village Justice- Eddie Hernandez
 * Acting Village Justice- Bart Rasnick
 * Justice Court Clerk- Amanda Dole

Geography
Woodridge is located at 41.70806°N, -74.56972°W (41.708062, -74.569809). Woodridge is bordered by the Hamlet of Fallsburg or Old Falls, the Hamlet of Mountaindale, and the Hamlet of Glen Wild.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.6 sqmi, of which 1.5 sqmi is land and 0.1 sqmi  (6.10%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 902 people, 351 households, and 228 families residing in the village. The population density was 583.9 PD/sqmi. There were 473 housing units at an average density of 306.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 72.84% White, 12.42% African American, 0.22% Native American, 1.00% Asian, 0.22% Pacific Islander, 8.98% from other races, and 4.32% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 23.61% of the population.

There were 351 households, out of which 33.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.0% were married couples living together, 16.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.0% were non-families. 30.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.10.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 27.3% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 25.3% from 25 to 44, 22.4% from 45 to 64, and 18.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.9 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $23,750, and the median income for a family was $29,167. Males had a median income of $30,357 versus $25,694 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,993. About 25.4% of families and 31.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 40.9% of those under age 18 and 24.4% of those age 65 or over.

title: Woodridge, New York


text:
Wurtsboro, New York

Wurtsboro is a village located on U.S. Route 209 in the town of Mamakating in Sullivan County, New York, United States, near its junction with New York State Route 17 (which is being upgraded to interstate standards and will be renumbered as interstate 86). The population was 1,124 at the 2020 census. Since 1927 the area has been served by Wurtsboro-Sullivan County Airport.

History
Before Europeans, Wurtsboro was inhabited by Native Americans known as the Leni Lenape. Called Delaware by the Europeans, the Leni Lenape are known to other tribes, in their tongues, as "the old people" and are considered to be one of the oldest tribes in North America. Many anthropologists believe the Leni Lenape are the ancestors of the original people who crossed the Bering Strait to first populate North American. Within the Leni Lenape, different villages dotted the valleys between the Delaware and Hudson rivers. The group that resided in the Wurtsboro area was known as the Mamacottin.

As the Dutch settled along the Hudson and searched inland for furs and minerals, they engineered and built the oldest road in America. This roadway, little more than a cart path along the trails of the Leni Lenape, became known as the Old Mine Road. Present day US Rte. 209 follows much of the original course. It is thought that these Dutch settlers were the first to name the area Mamakating.

As other Europeans settled the area, the treaties and land grants for a great deal of the northeast were benchmarked from the Hardenburgh tract. That survey benchmark, still annotated and utilized, can be found in the village near Rte. 209.

The original name for the village of Wurtsboro was Rome. It is said that when the ‘yankees’ obtained a foothold in the hollow (Mamakating valley), they counted all the mountain peaks they could see and with an ambitious view, called the place Rome. This name was retained until as late as 1812. That same year, the area's first church was built. This Dutch Reformed church was named the "Church of Rome." Somewhat later the town was renamed Wurtsborough, which evolved to Wurtsboro.

During the early industrial revolution, much of the nation's bituminous coal needs were supplied by England. During the War of 1812, a fuel shortage arose when a British blockade cut off America's coal supply. Interest turned to anthracite coal, known then as stone coal. Anthracite was native to Pennsylvania, but lack of adequate transportation was a deterrent. Three Wurts brothers (Maurice Wurts was the most prominent), then Philadelphia dry goods store owners, capitalized on this problem by forming a company to construct a 108-mile canal from Honesdale, Pennsylvania to Kingston, New York, the Delaware and Hudson Canal. On July 13, 1825, New York City Mayor (and company investor) Philip Hone used a golden spade to turn the first shovelful of earth during the canal's groundbreaking ceremony, in the village. With the advent of the canal, products such as coal, lumber, livestock, and other staples were shipped through the area on their way to Albany and New York City. In those days, it was a practice of the D&H Canal Co. to rename communities along the canal for their favored officers. Names such as Honesdale, Port Jervis, Hawley, and Wurtsboro were so named.

As steam replaced horse power, the railroads replaced the canals. While the canal operated until its closure in 1898, the D&H Railroad was in fact a reorganization of the original canal company. In many sections, the railroad bed (now abandoned) parallels the canal. Both can be easily seen by visiting the D&H Canal Linear Park, which is a scenic walkway along the canal towpath from Wurtsboro to Summitville.

The village of Wurtsboro was originally confined to the berm of the canal. Several existing businesses were active at that time. Notable examples include Danny's, built in 1814 for the purpose of serving food and providing lodging; and the Canal Towne Emporium, better known in the canal days as Fulton & Holmes’ General Store, selling many items that were delivered by canal barge. Over time, the village gradually extended westward and merged with the old village of Mamakating. In 1830 the name of the post office was changed from Mamakating to Wurtsborough, with Lyman O’Dell (known as the village poet and essayist) acting as the first postmaster.

Another economic impact for the area in those early days was derived from the tanning industry that developed here. Hemlock bark was used to tan hides and it was in plentiful supply. In fact, over 80% of all leather goods used by the Union Army during the Civil War were processed in Sullivan county tanning vats. The industry waned as the hemlock in the area was over-forested (accounting for the scarcity today) and synthetic tannic acid was developed. In the late 1800s the Ontario & Western Railroad laid down its tracks on the eastern end of the village. Like the canal, it served to carry merchandise as well as passengers to the area. The O&W was a primary player in the tourism boom during the late 1800s into the 20th century, as it allowed thousands of New York residents to escape the heat of the city and relax in the clean Catskill mountain air. Eventually, just as the railroads replaced the canals, the interstate highway system replaced the railroads.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.3 sqmi, all land.

The Long Path, a hiking trail, goes through Wurtsboro.

The Mamakating Park Historic District and Masten-Quinn House are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,234 people, four hundred seventy nine households, and 330 families residing in the village. The population density was 975.5 PD/sqmi. There were 542 housing units at an average density of 428.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 93.68% white, 1.86% African American, 0.81% Asian, 1.62% from other races, and 2.03% from two or more races. Hispanic of any race were 4.62% of the population.

There were 479 households, out of which 39.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.3% were married couples living together, 13.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.1% were non-families. 27.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.15.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 30.2% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 30.1% from 25 to 44, 22.5% from 45 to 64, and 10.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.4 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $38,500, and the median income for a family was $46,359. Males had a median income of $40,385 versus $25,060 for females. The per capita income for the village was $16,698. About 9.7% of families and 10.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.5% of those under age 18 and 1.5% of those age 65 or over.

title: Wurtsboro, New York


text:
Apalachin, New York

Apalachin is a census-designated place within the Town of Owego in Tioga County, New York, United States. The population was 1,131 in the 2010 census. The CDP is named after Apalachin Creek.

Apalachin is in the southeastern section of the Town of Owego and is west of Binghamton. It is also part of the Binghamton Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
The first settler arrived c. 1786, but the community was not founded until 1836.

On November 14, 1957, the heads of the American Mafia held the Apalachin Meeting at the home of Joseph Barbara, an Apalachin resident. The meeting was a conference of mobsters who had gathered to iron out various issues in the underworld. The gathering was quickly broken up when a curious New York State Trooper turned up and spotted expensive cars at or near the home. Other police officers quickly arrived to arrest those attending the conference and sent some of the most powerful gangsters in the country fleeing through the surrounding countryside. Mafiosi and the FBI sometimes just refer to the meeting as Apalachin. This meeting was humorously portrayed in the opening sequence of the 1999 motion picture Analyze This, which starred Robert De Niro and Billy Crystal. This meeting was also fully depicted in the 1972 film The Valachi Papers as well as the 2019 film Mob Town.

Apalachin was host to the annual Apalachin Firemen's Field Days, which was a four-day carnival, generally held in the first week of June until it was cancelled in 2016. This event was started in 1960 and had grown from a small event in a field to having a permanent location with large pavilions (still called the beer and food tents by locals) and a large square of game booths that surround 15-20 carnival rides. Events included the Little Miss Apalachin contest, fireworks and a large parade.

Riverside Cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.

Notable people

 * Benjamin F. Tracy, United States Secretary of the Navy (1889–93)
 * Joseph Barbara, mafioso
 * Doug Hurley, Commander of the first crewed space mission launched from American soil since 2011, as well as the first Commercial Flight carrying crew to the ISS.

Geography
Apalachin is located at 42.07444°N, -76.15639°W.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the region has a total area of 1.5 sqmi, all land.

The community is on the south side of the Susquehanna River.

Apalachin is adjacent to the Southern Tier Expressway (New York State Route 17).

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,126 people, 442 households, and 307 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 763.1 PD/sqmi. There were 474 housing units at an average density of 321.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 96.54% White, 0.98% African American, 0.27% Native American, 0.62% Asian, 0.53% from other races, and 1.07% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.53% of the population.

There were 442 households, out of which 33.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.6% were married couples living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.5% were non-families. 24.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the community, the population was spread out, with 26.6% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 31.1% from 25 to 44, 22.1% from 45 to 64, and 11.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.4 males.

The median income for a household in the hamlet was $38,636, and the median income for a family was $42,647. Males had a median income of $21,902 versus $25,357 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $14,927. About 9.5% of families and 11.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.4% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

title: Apalachin, New York


text:
Barton, New York

Barton is a town in southwestern Tioga County, New York, United States. The population was 8,570 at the 2020 census. It is southeast of Elmira.

History
The Sullivan Expedition of 1779 passed through this region. The first settlers arrived circa 1791.

The Town of Barton was established in 1824 from the town of Tioga. The region was already settled in 1796 when John Shepard bought 1,000 acre by the current location of Waverly. It is reported that the town was named after Belva Ann Lockwood of Royalton, New York (near Lockport), one of the first female lawyers in the country, the first woman to argue a case before the Supreme Court and the first woman to be on an official ballot running for president of the US in 1884 and 1888.

One of the most interesting points in the town was the J.E. Rodeo Ranch." The 1940s and 1950s were also the heyday of Colonel Jim Eskew's famous J. E. Rodeo organization, the only rodeo ranch east of the Mississippi River. The rodeo traveled throughout the Mid Atlantic and New England states.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 59.7 sqmi, of which 59.4 sqmi is land and 0.4 sqmi  (0.62%) is water.

Part of the southern town line is the Susquehanna River and the remainder is the state line of Pennsylvania. The western town boundary is the border of Chemung County.

The Southern Tier Expressway (New York State Route 17) passes across the town next to the Susquehanna River. New York State Route 17C also follows the river, but on the north side. New York State Route 34 is a north-south highway that intersects NY-17C at Waverly.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 9,066 people, 3,568 households, and 2,383 families residing in the town. The population density was 152.7 PD/sqmi. There were 3,927 housing units at an average density of 66.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.10% White, 0.39% African American, 0.25% Native American, 0.40% Asian, 0.15% from other races, and 0.71% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.03% of the population.

There were 3,568 households, out of which 33.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.3% were married couples living together, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.2% were non-families. 27.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.0% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 16.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.7 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $33,530, and the median income for a family was $39,650. Males had a median income of $30,828 versus $23,351 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,498. About 7.8% of families and 10.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.2% of those under age 18 and 4.6% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the Town of Barton
It was Bingham's Mills first founded by Charles Bingham in the 1700. The name was changed by a local politician who had a falling out with the Bingham's. They had their own Mills, general store, Post Office, etc. that would be found in a small town.
 * Barton – The hamlet of Barton in the southeast part of the town is located on the north side of the Susquehanna River and NY-17C. The community has been referred to as "Barton City."
 * East Waverly – A hamlet on the east side of Waverly.
 * Ellistown - A hamlet on NY-17C east of Waverly on the north side of the Susquehanna River.
 * Glencairn – A hamlet in the southeast part of the town on County Road 9.
 * Halsey Valley – A hamlet on the town line in the northeast part of the town.
 * Lockwood – A hamlet by the west town line on NY-34. It was formerly called "Bingham's Mills" from the names of early settlers.  The present name is after Belva Ann Lockwood, a prominent suffragist who taught school for three years in nearby Owego.
 * Lockwood Run – A stream at the west town line that flows through Waverly.
 * North Barton – A hamlet centrally located in the north part of the town.
 * North Waverly – A community adjacent to the north side of Waverly on NY-34.
 * Reniff – A hamlet by the west town line on NY-34 north of Lockwood.
 * Waverly – The Village of Waverly is in the southwest corner of the town on the border of Pennsylvania. It is north of Sayre, Pennsylvania.

Notable residents

 * Jeff Foote, professional basketball player

title: Barton, New York


text:
Berkshire, New York

Berkshire is a town in Tioga County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 1,485. The town is named after Berkshire County, Massachusetts.

The Town of Berkshire is in the northeastern part of the county and is northwest of Binghamton and southeast of Ithaca.

History
Purchase rights to the Native American lands in the area were awarded to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts as part of the Boston Ten Townships, by the Treaty of Hartford in 1786. (New York retained the right to govern the land.) Massachusetts sold these rights to private individuals in 1788.

The first settlers arrived around 1791. It was originally called "Browns Settlement."

The Town of Berkshire was established in 1808 from the Town of Union while in Broome County. In 1822, Berkshire was made part of Tioga County. The Town of Newark Valley, as the "Town of Westfield," was created from part of Berkshire in 1828. An additional part of Berkshire was lost in 1831, to found the Town of Richford, then called "Arlington."

Within the confines of Berkshire, the Lyman P. Akins House, Levi Ball House, Belcher Family Homestead and Farm, Deodatus Royce House, the J. Ball House, and the J. B. Royce House and Farm Complex, are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 30.2 sqmi, of which 30.2 sqmi is land and 0.03% is water.

The eastern town line of Berkshire is the border of Broome County, and part of the western town line is the border of Tompkins County.

New York State Route 38 is a north–south highway in the town.

Demographics
As of the 2000 census, there were 1,366 people, 506 households, and 384 families in the town. The population density was 45.2 PD/sqmi. There were 561 housing units at an average density of 18.6 per square mile (7.2/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 98.76% White, 0.37% African American, 0.44% Native American, 0.07% Asian, and 0.37% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.37% of the population.

There were 506 households, out of which 30.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.5% were married couples living together, 7.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.1% were non-families. 19.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.07.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.1% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 28.4% from 45 to 64, and 10.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $37,625, and the median income for a family was $43,676. Males had a median income of $29,620 versus $22,865 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,735. About 6.5% of families and 11.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.7% of those under age 18 and 7.0% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the Town of Berkshire

 * Berkshire – The hamlet of Berkshire is located where County Roads 8, 10, and NY-38 converge. The community is in the center of the town and was first settled circa 1795. The Robert Akins House, J. Ball House, Stephen Ball House, Calvin A. Buffington House, First Congregational Church, Lebbeus Ford House, Nathaniel Bishop Collins House, and Berkshire Village Historic District are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
 * East Berkshire – A hamlet east of Berkshire village on County Road 10. The East Berkshire United Methodist Church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.
 * Wilson Creek – A hamlet in the southeastern part of the town, named after a nearby stream.

title: Berkshire, New York


text:
Richford, New York

Richford is a town in Tioga County, New York, United States. The population was 1,043 at the 2020 census. The town is named after Ezekial Rich, an early settler and benefactor of the town.

The Town of Richford is the northernmost town in the county and is southeast of Ithaca.

History
European-American settlement began around 1808 when Evan Harris brought his family here. Samuel Smith was the first to settle within the present village site in 1813. The first tavern was built in the village in 1817 at the site of the Richford Hotel (now the Richford Quickway) by Beriah Wells. Ezekial Rich moved to the town in 1821 when he purchased the tavern from Beriah Wells. He established a glove and mitten factory, and later opened a general store. The town was first formed from the Town of Berkshire as the "Town of Arlington" in 1831. In 1832 it changed its name to the Town of Richford.

Local oral history links several properties in Richford with the Underground Railroad in the antebellum period, by which residents aided refugee slaves to reach freedom.

In 1816, the Catskill Turnpike was brought through the village on its route to Ithaca and generated considerable traffic to the village. This was the dominant route into or out of the village until 1869, when the Southern Central Railroad was completed between Auburn and Owego.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 38.2 sqmi, of which 38.2 sqmi is land and 0.04 sqmi  (0.05%) is water.

The West Branch of the Owego Creek forms the western border of the town while the East Branch runs along the eastern edge of the village itself at the base of Geer Hill. Several spring-fed ponds exist on the hilltops, especially at Clarks.

A large portion of the town is hilly, with many of the highest elevations (+1,400 ft) in the county. The highest elevation (1,994 ft) in Tioga County is within the town, an unnamed hill just to the north of the intersection of Creamery Rd and Robinson Hollow Rd in Robinson Hollow State Forest.

Richford lies on the southern edge of the snowbelt, averaging 82 in. It receives 40 in of rain, and has, on average, 154 sunny days per year.

The western border is with Tompkins County. The north border is Cortland County, and the eastern border is Broome County. Berkshire lies to the south.

New York State Route 38 (north-south) intersects New York State Route 79 (east-west) at Richford village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,170 people, 440 households, and 315 families residing in the town. The population density was 30.7 PD/sqmi. There were 502 housing units at an average density of 13.2 per square mile (5.1/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 98.89% White, 0.17% African American, 0.09% Native American, 0.09% Pacific Islander, and 0.77% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.77% of the population.

There were 440 households, out of which 34.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.2% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.4% were non-families. 22.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.9% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 30.9% from 25 to 44, 23.8% from 45 to 64, and 9.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $34,130, and the median income for a family was $38,750. Males had a median income of $28,661 versus $23,667 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,331. About 12.4% of families and 13.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.5% of those under age 18 and 7.3% of those age 65 or over.

Annual Potato Festival
Named in honor of the Clarks Seed Farm, this festival is held annually on the third Saturday of September to celebrate the significance of potato farming in Richford's history. Arts and crafts vendors are available as are games and races. The event is known for its potato-themed dishes, including potato ice-cream. This used to be made by Cornell University dairy and featured chocolate-covered potato sticks in vanilla ice cream. Now Jones' Humdinger makes two varieties: the original and a mashed sweet potato-based version.

Broome-Tioga Sports Center
An AMA and Non-AMA sanctioned Off Road Racing Facility is located on the border with Broome County. The track hosts several types of events, including Motorcycle, Snowmobile and ATV/UTV races. It also features Mud Bogs, Mud Drags, Hill climbs, and demolition derbies, ATV and UTV Racing, a Trail Riding facility, and classic car shows.

State lands
Richford has more than 4700 acre designated as state lands, more than all other towns in Tioga County combined; these properties are mostly contained in six large state forests.
 * Michigan Hill State Forest: Located east of the village and north of RT 79. Encompasses 1200 acre of wilderness area. There are no maintained trails. In several areas along Rockefeller Road, the ruins of old settlements and farms can be found, usually consisting of old foundations and orchards. The occasional uncovered well exists.
 * Griggs Gulf State Forest: Located adjacent to Michigan Hill State Forest, the forest encompasses 2365 acre shared between Tioga and Cortland counties, with more than 2.7 mi of ungroomed trails. John D Rockefeller's birthplace is within Griggs Gulf Forest on Rockefeller Rd. An unkempt nature trail built by a local 4-H group begins here and passes several old structures, including a mill and other foundations.
 * Turkey Hill State Forest: Shared with the town of Berkshire, this forest is located east and south of Richford. It consists of 1100 acre of primitive woodlands with only 1.3 mi of public access road. Extensive damage in the 2003 ice storms resulted in large areas of early successional habitats that foster a wide variety of birds and other woodland creatures.
 * Robinson Hollow State Forest: 1400 acre just west of Richford. Many recreational facilities exist including 1.5 mi of marked trails maintained by local associations. A portion of the Finger Lakes Trail runs through the forest. The Kimmee lean-to, maintained by the Finger Lakes Trail Conference, is located here. The forest includes a 45 acre trout pond, and extensive fishing areas are located along the West Branch Owego Creek. Many of the highest elevations in the county are within the forest, including the highest.
 * Beaver Dam State Forest: 1150 acre east of Richford on the border of Tioga and Broome counties. Contains 1.8 mi of maintained trails and a 1.5 mi public access road.
 * Andersen Hill State Forest: 544 acre just south of the village proper, west of Rt 38. The forest consists of managed woodlands that maintain a mix of early, mid, and late successional forests. A short (.5 mile) maintained trail exists that connects to a larger trail network in adjacent lands, and a 1.6 mi forest access road is available. An access point to the West Branch Owego Creek is maintained within the forest.

The numerous state-owned lands provide for excellent hiking and motorized sports activities. Many 4-wheeler and snowmobile tracks criss-cross the woodlands on both state and private land.

Many great fishing sites are available in Richford. Native and stock trout thrive in the cold waters of both branches of the Owego Creek, and some of the best areas are located in and near Richford. The NYSDEC annually releases over 10,000 brown trout into both branches in Richford. Additionally, 200 rainbow trout are released into the Tri-County Pond.

Hunting is also popular within the town. All state lands are open to hunting. They provide excellent habitats to large populations of deer, turkey, and other game animals.

Communities and locations in the Town of Richford

 * Dunhamville – A former location, south of Richford village.
 * East Richford – A location on NY-79 (Catskill Turnpike), east of Richford village.
 * Hubby Creek – A small stream flowing out from the southern part of the town.
 * Richford – A hamlet at the junction of NY- 38 and NY-79 in the southwestern part of the town. The East Branch of Owego Creek flows past the village.

Notable people

 * John D. Rockefeller (July 8, 1839 – May 23, 1937), Oil titan, philanthropist, founder of the Standard Oil company, and the richest man in modern history, was born in this town and returned to visit during the summer. The foundation of his childhood home is located adjacent to Rockefeller Road on land that is now part of Griggs Gulf State Forest. It is marked by a sign that designates the historical site.
 * Gurdon Wattles (May 12, 1855 - January 31, 1932), known for bankrolling much of early Hollywood, was born in Richford in 1855. He moved to Glidden, Iowa following the Civil War.

title: Richford, New York


text:
Tioga, New York

Tioga is a town in Tioga County, New York, United States. The population was 4,455 at the 2020 census. The town is in the southwestern part of the county and lies between Elmira and Binghamton. Tioga is situated in the Southern Tier District of New York.

History
For thousands of years, this area of New York had been settled by distinct cultures of indigenous peoples. The most recent prehistoric peoples were the Owasco, who appeared to migrate from southern areas and displaced the Point Peninsula complex peoples. However, a 2011 paper by archaeologist Dr. John P. Hart argues there was no definable Owasco culture. They lived in isolated villages and had frequent warfare. Under pressure of warfare, they began to consolidate into larger tribes and confederacies.

The historic Iroquoian-speaking tribes developed as the Five Nations of the Haudenosaunee or the Iroquois Confederacy, since about the 15th century. Of these, the Mohawk Nation has reservations in northern New York, along the St. Lawrence River and in the Canadian provinces of Quebec and Ontario; the Oneida Nation has a small reservation in central New York and larger one near Green Bay, Wisconsin; the Onondaga Nation remains on its traditional territory on a reservation in central New York, while the Seneca Nation and Tuscarora Nation have reservations in western New York.

The Sullivan Expedition of 1779 during the American Revolutionary War passed through the area, destroying Seneca villages, as the Seneca and three other Iroquois nations sided with the British. Loyalist and allied Iroquois tribes had been raiding colonial settlements in the Mohawk Valley and related areas.

After the American Revolutionary War, those Iroquois nations who had sided with the British were forced to cede their lands to New York, although their treaties were not ratified by the US Congress. The first European-American settlers arrived around 1792.

Organized in 1788 before Tioga County was established, as part of the "Old Town of Chemung," the town was renamed "Owego" in 1791. That was the year Tioga County was created. In 1818 the town was renamed the "Town of Tioga" by switching names with the current Town of Owego. The Village of Owego was thus in the town of the same name.

The First Methodist Episcopal Church of Tioga Center was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 59.5 sqmi, of which 58.7 sqmi is land and 0.8 sqmi  (1.31%) is water.

The Susquehanna River forms the southern town boundary. New York State Route 17C follows the course of the Susquehanna on its north bank.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,840 people, 1,849 households, and 1,362 families residing in the town. The population density was 82.5 PD/sqmi. There were 2,041 housing units at an average density of 34.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.95% White, 0.14% African American, 0.19% Native American, 0.31% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.29% from other races, and 1.10% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.79% of the population.

There were 1,849 households, out of which 34.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.8% were married couples living together, 10.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.3% were non-families. 20.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.5% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 29.0% from 25 to 44, 23.0% from 45 to 64, and 13.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.0 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $36,960, and the median income for a family was $46,650. Males had a median income of $27,169 versus $21,170 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,813. About 3.5% of families and 6.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.3% of those under age 18 and 3.2% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the Town of Tioga

 * Catlin Hill – A hamlet in the southeastern part of the town.
 * Germany Hill – A hamlet near the northern town line.
 * Goodrich – A hamlet in the southeastern corner of the town on County Road 23, near the Village of Owego and the confluence of the Owego Creek and the Susquehanna River.
 * Halsey Valley – A hamlet on the western town line, partly in Barton. It was founded circa 1825.
 * Horton Crossing – A hamlet on NY-17C, east of Tioga Center.
 * Owego Creek – A stream that forms part of the eastern town boundary.
 * Smithboro – A hamlet west of Tioga Center and near the Susquehanna River on NY-17C.
 * Straits Corners – A hamlet by the northern town line.
 * Tioga Center – A hamlet in the southeastern part of the town on NY-17C, near the Susquehanna River. The Tioga Centre General Store was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

title: Tioga, New York


text:
Waverly, Tioga County, New York

Waverly is the largest village in Tioga County, New York, United States. As of the 2010 U.S. census, Waverly had a population of 4,177. It is located southeast of Elmira in the Southern Tier region. This village was incorporated as the southwest part of the town of Barton in 1854. The village name was conceived by Joseph "Uncle Joe" Hallett, founder of its first Fire Department and pillar of the community, dropping the second "e" from the name of his favorite author's novel, Waverley by Sir Walter Scott. The former village hall is listed on the National Historic Places list.

Waverly is part of the Binghamton metropolitan area. The village was previously a regular stop on the Black Diamond Express passenger service. It is located in the Penn-York Valley, a once thriving Rust Belt railroad region that spans Northeastern Pennsylvania and New York and includes Waverly in New York state and South Waverly, Sayre, and Athens in Pennsylvania. The region's combined population is nearly 30,000 and the village's population was 4,444 as of the 2010 census.

History
In earlier times, this territory was a prime location for Native American travel, trade, and warfare because of its strategic location a valley surrounding the confluence of two rivers along the New York state border where the mouth of the Chemung River empties into the Susquehanna River as it turns southward into Pennsylvania. This locale was likely occupied by the Susquehannock people for several centuries before European pathfinders discovered this place.

European settlement
French explorer Étienne Brûlé was probably the first European to visit the area, meeting with the Susquehannocks and travelling down the Susquehanna River in 1615. In the wake of the Beaver Wars of the mid-Seventeenth Century, the area came firmly under the control of the Iroquois, until the Sullivan Expedition during the American Revolutionary War broke their power. The Battle of Newtown (August 29, 1779), the only major battle of that expedition, occurred approximately 13 mi west of the current location of Waverly.

John Shepard was one of the more prominent early white settlers, buying 1000 acre, including all of what would become Waverly, and building a mill on the banks of Cayuta Creek in 1796. The settlement would soon become known as Milltown, just across the border in Pennsylvania. A second mill site on the creek north of the border would soon be known as Factoryville, now East Waverly. An adjacent smaller community named Villemont also became established. At the beginning of the railroad age the community began to thrive.

From 1849 to 1851, the New York & Erie Railroad reached the vicinity, opening a rail connection eastward to New York City via Binghamton, and westward to Lake Erie via Elmira. In 1854, Waverly was incorporated as a village.

Waverly increased its viability and became an important railroad junction, when construction of the Lehigh Valley Railroad from Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania reached northward to this village in 1869 and effectively linked both railway operations. This also helped spur the economic development of Waverly's southern neighbor Sayre, Pennsylvania, home to Lehigh Valley Railroad's locomotive yard and shops. At the height of the railroad age, approximately 41 trains entered the village per day and the population of the village was nearly triple what it is today.

19th century
In May 1870, a Waverly banker named Howard Elmer, along with Charles Anthony and James Fritcher, bought the Pine Plains area between Waverly and Athens. Elmer convinced Asa Packer to locate a new railroad repair facility on the Pine Plains for the expanding Lehigh Valley Railroad, which was making a push north from Duryea at the Lackawanna to connect to the Erie Railroad at Waverly to achieve a market share in the much coveted New York City-Great Lakes sweepstakes. Robert Heysham Sayre, president of the Pennsylvania and New York Railroad, helped cement the deal. The town was named in his honor. Sayre was incorporated on January 27, 1891. The town would become famous for its extensive rail yard (still appreciably large today at half the peak size) and more famous for the railroad repair shops and steam locomotive repair and manufacturing shops situated in the town, which employed thousands.

20th century
In 1904, when the locomotive shops were built at Sayre, the main shop building was believed to be the largest structure in the world under one roof, but held that title for only a brief time. The railroad founded as a coal rail road in 1855 to connect the Coal Region operated through traffic up the Susquehanna to Elmira and points north and west from 1870 until 1976, but maintenance facilities were shifted away before that with the switch away from anthracite steam locomotives to diesels post-World War II. With the decline of the steam railway industry, business commerce and supporting industries have shifted away from the valley while jobs and population have also declined since 1940; the railroad dependent rust belt towns beginning the process sooner because of dieselization of railroads.

The largest celebration in the village was held on August 26, 1910; the Old Home Celebration lasted four hours and packed the streets with spectators.

Several factories of historical significance contributed to a flourishing period in Waverly's development. They included the Hall-Lyons furniture factory which was located on Broad Street and the Manoil Manufacturing Co. whose prominence as a toy company, especially from 1937 to 1941 when it produced hollow-cast toy soldiers, sometimes called dime store soldiers, along with toy airplanes and cars, was located on Providence Street. Businesses in and around Waverly in the 20th century included the Spencer Glove Company and the Waverly Sun newspaper, both owned by Hart I. Seely and located in Waverly; the Tioga Mills, Inc., a feed mill company and Agway (Country Foods Division) of Syracuse, New York, as a pet food plant. Others are the Food and Drug Research Laboratories, the State Line Auto Auction and O’Brien's Inn, known for its scenic view of the Chemung Valley. The J. E. Rodeo Ranch operated during the 1940s and 1950s in Barton.

Grace Episcopal Church, the United States Post Office, Waverly Village Hall, and former Mary W. Muldoon High School are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Waverly is located in a river valley in the Allegheny Plateau just north of the confluence of the Susquehanna and Chemung rivers, along with Athens, Pennsylvania, South Waverly, Pennsylvania, and Waverly. Together, these small towns make up the greater area known as the Penn-York Valley, which includes locations in both New York and Pennsylvania. There is no physical border between the towns, and the grid of streets and avenues blend seamlessly from one town to another.

Geography
Waverly is located at 42.00528°N, -76.53778°W (42.005247, -76.537892).

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 2.3 square miles (6.1 km2), 2.3 square miles (5.9 km2) of which is land and 0.1 square mile (0.1 km2) of which is water. The total area is 2.14% water.

The Chemung River skirts the western edge of the village, and joins the Susquehanna River approximately 6 mi south Waverly in Athens Township, Pennsylvania. Another Susquehanna tributary, Cayuta Creek, also known locally as Shepard's Creek, flows through the eastern part of the village before joining the Susquehanna in Sayre, Pennsylvania.

Waverly is so close to New York state's southern border that the village is part of a much larger community that runs into Bradford County, Pennsylvania. Waverly combines with South Waverly, Sayre and Athens, Pennsylvania to make up the larger community of the Penn-York Valley or simply "The Valley", which has a state border running through it. Waverly is also a short distance from the border of Chemung County to the west.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,607 people, 1,877 households, and 1,128 families residing in the village. The population density was 2,013.3 PD/sqmi. There were 2,052 housing units at an average density of 896.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.63% White, 0.63% African American, 0.24% Native American, 0.50% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.30% from other races, and 0.69% from two or more races. 1.24% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 1,877 households, out of which 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.0% were married couples living together, 13.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.9% were non-families. 33.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.98.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.0% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 27.2% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 20.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 78.8 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $28,958, and the median income for a family was $39,522. Males had a median income of $31,544 versus $24,492 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,945. 13.3% of the population and 9.5% of families were below the poverty line. 18.3% of those under the age of 18 and 5.6% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.

Education
The following primary and secondary schools comprise the Waverly Central School District:

SRAC (Susquehanna River Archeological Center) The archaeological center opened in 2008 dedicated to education, research and preservation of the region's Native American archaeological, cultural and historical assets for the communities within the Twin Tiers Region of Southeastern NY and Northeastern PA. The center holds a gift shop, Lecture hall, and Exhibit hall all located on Broad Street, downtown.
 * Primary schools
 * Elm Street Elementary School
 * Lincoln Street Elementary School
 * Chemung Elementary School
 * Secondary schools
 * Waverly High School
 * Waverly Middle School
 * Religious schools
 * Zion Ministerial Institute
 * Higher education
 * Broome Community College (Ithaca Street campus)
 * Museums

Transportation
Downtown Waverly spans along an area adjacent to and immediately north of the Southern Tier Expressway, New York State Route 17, which will be redesignated as Interstate 86 as upgrades proceed along the route. Access to NY 17 is available at both eastern and western points of the village. New York State Route 17C and New York State Route 34 also intersect in the eastern end of this village. In addition, the northern terminus for U.S. Route 220 is at NY 17C (Chemung Street) in the west end of the village along the state border.

Waverly has two local bus services, Ride Tioga and BeST Transit. Ride Tioga is a county-run bus service that stops throughout Waverly and Barton. BeST Transit service makes stops in the Penn-York Valley and Bradford County, Pennsylvania as well as the Lycoming Mall. Shortline Coach USA and Greyhound regional bus services stop in Waverly, as well. The village also has taxi service available through Valley Taxi Service which travels throughout the vicinities of the Penn-York Valley, Elmira Towanda, and Binghamton. Waverly is also conveniently located between the Elmira-Corning Regional Airport in the Town of Big Flats and the Greater Binghamton Airport located in Maine, New York, both of which are medium-sized regional airports serving the Southern Tier of New York.

Media
Newspaper
 * Morning Times (based in Sayre; serves Waverly, Sayre, Athens and surrounding communities)
 * The Daily Review (based in Towanda; serves the Penn-York Valley and Bradford County)
 * Star Gazette (based in Elmira; serves Tioga, Chemung and Steuben Counties in NY and Bradford County in PA)

Radio
 * WAVR - 102.1 FM (based in Sayre; licensed in Waverly for FM broadcasting)
 * WATS - 960 AM (based in Sayre; licensed in Sayre for AM broadcasting)
 * WCIH - 94.3 FM (based in Elmira; licensed in Elmira for FM broadcasting)
 * WEBO - 1330 AM (based in Owego; branded to Waverly for AM broadcasting)
 * WENI-FM - 92.7 FM (based in Elmira; licensed in S. Waverly for FM broadcasting)
 * W297BG - 107.3 FM (licensed in Ulster, Pennsylvania; KZ FM)

Television

Waverly is served by many local television stations, in two broadcast television markets, along with Time Warner Cable News.
 * Binghamton: WBNG CBS; WIVT ABC; WBGH NBC; WICZ Fox; and WSKG Public Television
 * Elmira: WETM NBC; WENY ABC & CBS; and WYDC Fox

Sports
Waverly was once home to a professional baseball team in 1901, as the Waverly Wagonmakers. The team went under when the New York State League was dissolved in 1917. Waverly is also home to the Waverly Little League, it was founded in 1949. The Waverly School District also has football, baseball, basketball, bowling, golf, tennis, soccer, wrestling, track, and cross country, teams. Waverly's wrestling and track teams achieve consistent state and national rankings. Waverly is also home to many smaller bowling leagues that have matches at the Valley Bowling Center in Waverly. Waverly Memorial Stadium is located in Waverly. Soccer and Football are played at the stadium.

Notable people

 * J. Weston Allen - politician
 * Linda Bangs - saxophonist
 * Jeffrey L. Barnhart - member of the North Carolina General Assembly
 * Geoff Bodine - professional NASCAR race car driver, inventor of the Bo-Dyn Bobsled, a graduate of Waverly High School
 * Brett Bodine - professional NASCAR race car driver, graduate of Waverly High School
 * Todd Bodine - professional NASCAR race car driver, graduate of Waverly High School
 * Lauren Cohen - economist
 * Charles Martin Crandall - inventor and toy-maker
 * Christopher Erb - marketing executive
 * Jim Farr - pro-baseball player
 * Jeff Foote - NBA player
 * Les Goble - American football player
 * William Elting Johnson - physician and politician
 * Cabot Lyford – sculptor raised in Waverly
 * Bernard L. Oser - Columbia University professor, formerly researched at Food and Drug Research Laboratories, Inc. in Waverly
 * Harriet Newell Ralston (1828-1920), American poet
 * Miriam Shearing - lawyer and retired judge
 * Heinie Wagner - baseball player, began career with the Waverly Wagonmakers in the New York State League

Recent events
In 2005, a 600 acre parcel of scenic woodlands, surrounding the Waverly Reservoir property and encompassing Waverly Glen park, was designated as Two Rivers State Park for its location just north of the confluence of the Chemung River along the western edge of the village and the Susquehanna River to the south of the village. Hiking and biking trails may be available, as well as a large pond, picnic tables, a basketball court, two tennis courts, children's gym equipment, covered pavilions, water taps and barbecue fireplaces. The sign at the entrance is gone. Directly south of the park, I86 (Rte 17) briefly enters Pennsylvania before re-entering New York State. In 2006, the horse racing track at Tioga Downs in neighboring Nichols NY, was expanded to include a Racino with the addition of casino facilities. State funding was secured for this facility, including $1,000,000 for the construction of a waste water treatment plant. A large portion of the former Snyder Hotel building in downtown Waverly collapsed during a severe weather storm in the summer of 2007, requiring emergency efforts to clear fallen bricks, wood and other building products and restore the safety of downtown operations. Concerns regarding safety remain with some of the historic buildings along Broad Street. Decisions remain as to whether to tear down or renovate these buildings. Waverly sought financial assistance under the state's Restore New York funding program, but was unable to secure any. A tax increase referendum conducted December 11, 2008, resulted in voter approval to secure financing for what has subsequently led to the purchase and relocation of all village municipal services to the former Ithaca Street School, after outgrowing the available space at the historic Waverly Village Hall. On February 14, 2012, the Village of Waverly Trustees accepted a purchase offer for the former Village Hall building by a potential owner, who has agreed to abide by the New York State Historic Preservation Office regulations for its historical preservation.
 * Two Rivers State Park
 * Tioga Downs Horse Racing
 * Historical Downtown Preservation

Manufacturers

 * Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. (formerly Hancor, Inc.) - Located at 1 William Donnelly Industrial Parkway, Advanced Drainage Systems manufactures corrugated plastic drainage pipe made from high-density polyethylene (HDPE).
 * Granite Works, LLC- Located at 133 William Donnelly Industrial Parkway, the company fabricates granite, quartz and solid surface countertops using supplies from international locations such as Brazil, Italy and China.
 * Hagen Pet Foods, Inc - Located at 702 Broad Street Extension, Hagen manufactures and wholesales pet foods such as milk, dry food, moist food and treats or snacks for both dogs and cats, as well as animal feed and rodent food.
 * Leprino Foods Company - located at 400 Leprino Avenue, Leprino manufactures mozzarella cheese produced from milk provided by local dairy farms. This cheese factory is the largest employer in Waverly, and currently, the largest supplier of cheese for pizza chains in the eastern United States. The New York/Pennsylvania state line runs through the middle of the plant. Its parent company is also a leading U.S. manufacturer and exporter of sweet whey, whey protein and lactose products and is the world's largest manufacturer of mozzarella and pizza cheese.
 * Rynone Manufacturing Corp. - With facilities located at 229 Howard Street, 410 Spaulding Street and 9-11 Route 34, Rynone manufactures cultured marble vanity tops, natural granite and marble vanity tops, laminate countertops, granite countertops and casework.

title: Waverly, Tioga County, New York


text:
Caroline, New York

Caroline is a town in Tompkins County, New York, United States. The population was 3,282 at the 2010 census.

The Town of Caroline is on the county's southeast border and is southeast of Ithaca.

History
The area was first settled circa 1794 while the region was still part of Tioga County. Caroline was part of the Watkins and Flint Purchase (1791).

The Town of Caroline was formed from the Town of Spencer (now in Tioga County) in 1811.

Notable people
Charles R. Gleason (1830-1907), Wisconsin businessman and politician, was born in Caroline

Austin Blair (1818-1894), 13th Governor of Michigan.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 55.1 sqmi, of which 55.0 sqmi is land and 0.1 sqmi  (0.13%) is water.

The east and south town lines are the border of Tioga County.

New York State Route 79 crosses the town.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,910 people, 1,161 households, and 758 families residing in the town. The population density was 52.9 PD/sqmi. There were 1,254 housing units at an average density of 22.8 per square mile (8.8/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 92.85% White, 3.09% African American, 0.58% Native American, 0.86% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 0.38% from other races, and 2.13% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.37% of the population.

There were 1,161 households, out of which 33.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.9% were married couples living together, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.7% were non-families. 26.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.1% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 27.9% from 45 to 64, and 9.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.0 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $43,315, and the median income for a family was $51,983. Males had a median income of $35,375 versus $26,587 for females. The per capita income for the town was $21,531. About 6.9% of families and 7.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.6% of those under age 18 and 3.1% of those age 65 or over. The majority of the residents of the Caroline area commute to the Ithaca area.

The Town of Caroline is served by 4 school districts Ithaca (city), New York, Dryden (village), New York, Newark Valley (village), New York and Candor (village), New York. Caroline Elementary School serves the northern and central portions of the town. Brooktondale Baptist School, sponsored by Brooktondale Baptist Church, closed around 2002, although the parish community continues.

Communities and locations in Caroline

 * Besemer (formerly "Besemer Depot") – A location on NY-79 in the northwestern corner of the town.
 * Brooktondale (formerly "Mott's Corner" and "Brookton") – A hamlet near the western town boundary.
 * Caroline – A hamlet on NY-79 at the northern town line.
 * Caroline Center (formerly "Centerville") – A hamlet centrally located in the town.
 * Caroline Depot – A hamlet in the northwestern part of the town and south of Brooktondale.
 * Guide Board Corners – A location south of Slaterville Springs.
 * Slaterville Springs (formerly "Slaterville") – A hamlet with a post office on NY-79, site of Caroline Town Hall, formerly the District No. 2 School, and St. Thomas Episcopal Church, which are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
 * Speedsville – A hamlet in the southeastern corner of the town. The District Number 7 School and St. John's Episcopal Church are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
 * West Slaterville (formerly "Boiceville") – A hamlet on NY-79 near the northern town line. It was the site of the first town meeting.
 * White Church – A hamlet in the southwestern part of Caroline.

Education
Students in the Town of Caroline are dispersed into several school districts: Dryden, Ithaca, Candor, and Newark Valley. A school located within the town is the Caroline Elementary School of the Ithaca City School District.

title: Caroline, New York


text:
Cayuga Heights, New York

Cayuga Heights is village in Tompkins County, New York, United States, and an upscale suburb of Ithaca, New York. The population was 4,114 at the 2020 census.

The Village of Cayuga Heights is in the Town of Ithaca, directly northeast of the City of Ithaca and the main campus of Cornell University. The village is home to many Cornell faculty members, including its president.

History
After the Revolutionary War, much of Upstate New York was divided into tracts to be given to veterans. Several veterans received lots in what is now Cayuga Heights and started farms.

In the early 1800s, Ithaca started to grow as a small city and inland port. In 1865, Ezra Cornell started Cornell University. Students and faculty members initially lived on campus and in Ithaca, but rapid expansion in the late 1800s and early 1900s spurred new development north of the Fall Creek gorge. Two trolley bridges were built across the gorge, and a streetcar connected downtown, Cornell, and the budding residential development north of the gorge.

In 1901, local businessmen Charles Newman and Jared Blood bought nearly 1,000 acres of farmland and started the Cayuga Heights Land Company. They hired landscape architect Harold Caparn, who designed the Brooklyn Botanic Garden, to design an organic, curving, park-like layout of roads and trees. Cayuga Heights was incorporated as a village in 1915, consisting of a one-half square mile of land from the City of Ithaca line to what is now Upland Road. In 1924, Cayuga Heights Elementary School was built.

After World War II, Cayuga Heights continued to expand. Community Corners Shopping Center was built as a small suburban shopping plaza for residents in 1947. In 1952, the village opened its wastewater treatment plant on the shore of Cayuga Lake.

The village resisted attempts to be annexed by the growing City of Ithaca. Instead, it more than tripled in size in 1954 when it annexed approximately 1.4 square miles of land in the Town of Ithaca, extending from Upland Road to the Town of Lansing border. A large addition was built onto Cayuga Heights Elementary School in the late 1950s. In 1969, the First Congregational Church relocated from downtown Ithaca to a new building on the former site of the Country Club of Ithaca, which had relocated a mile east.

The village was a founding member of the Bolton Point Water System when it opened in the mid-1970s. In 1980, Cayuga Heights Elementary School closed due to declining enrollment. It reopened in 1988.

In 1995, the last large plot of open land in Cayuga Heights, the former Savage Farm, was developed into a retirement community, Kendal at Ithaca, by the Kendal Corporation.

Kendal has since become home to many retired Cornell University faculty members; a local joke for many years was that it had the best physics department in the country, as Nobel Prize winner Hans Bethe, along with Boyce McDaniel, Dale Corson, and many other physicists, were long-time residents.

On January 12, 2015, the board of trustees of the Village of Cayuga Heights unanimously adopted a resolution declaring freedom from domestic violence to be a fundamental human right.

Government and politics
The main governmental body of the Village of Cayuga Heights is the board of trustees. Meetings are convened by the mayor or by an appointed deputy. The village offices are in Marcham Hall, a stone mansion built by a granddaughter of Ezra Cornell

Mayors

 * Frederick G. Marcham, 1956–1987
 * Ronald Anderson, 1988–2002
 * Walter Lynn, 2003–2007
 * Jim Gilmore, 2008–2012
 * Kate Supron, 2012–May 2016
 * Linda Woodard, June 2016–Present

Fire Department
The Cayuga Heights Fire Department was founded in 1955 and provides fire, rescue, and ALS first-response emergency medical services to the village, areas of the Town of Ithaca, and parts of Cornell University. The department is an all-volunteer agency with response times averaging under three minutes. This is due to the department's dedicated volunteers, as well as the innovative and highly successful "bunker program" that allows for 7-8 Firefighter/EMTs to live in a second-floor dormitory and provide duty shifts in exchange for their room in the station. Unlike conventional membership recruiting/acceptance methods, the department recruits and restricts new member acceptance to bi-annual "recruit classes" in tandem with the academic semesters. As a result, many firefighters are Cornell students.

The department's current home, the Ronald E. Anderson Fire Station, was built in 2000 and named after the then-mayor. The fire company is technically a 501(c)(3) non-profit independent of the village, which allows it to sponsor annual fundraising drives.

Police Department
The Cayuga Heights Police Department is a small department consisting of a chief, a sergeant, four full-time officers, a clerk, and several part-time officers and school crossing guards.

Geography
Cayuga Heights is located at 42.46634°N, -76.48868°W (42.466338, -76.488678), on the eastern slope of Cayuga Lake. The elevation ranges from 900 feet near Community Corners Shopping Center to 400 feet near the lake. Several streams and steep gorges cut through the village.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.8 sqmi, all of it land.

The village is at the south end of Cayuga Lake, one of the Finger Lakes.

Cayuga Heights borders, on its north, the Village of Lansing.

Two examples of old-growth oak/hickory forests are in the village: Palmer Woods, on the south side of the village near Cornell campus, and Renwick Slope, on the far western part of the village by Cayuga Lake. Both are managed by Cornell Botanic Gardens.

The village has gotten attention for its large population of white-tailed deer. In addition to deer, the village also hosts foxes, wild turkey, squirrels, chipmunks, and rabbits.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,273 people, 1,497 households, and 772 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,850.9 PD/sqmi. There were 1,584 housing units at an average density of 895.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 85.73% White, 1.86% African American, 0.06% Native American, 8.95% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 1.19% from other races, and 2.11% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.57% of the population.

There were 1,497 households, out of which 17.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.5% were married couples living together, 2.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 48.4% were non-families. 38.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.10, and the average family size was 2.71.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 15.3% under the age of 18, 14.1% from 18 to 24, 24.0% from 25 to 44, 22.6% from 45 to 64, and 24.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.9 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $74,258, and the median income for a family was $122,746. Males had a median income of $70,893 versus $33,621 for females. The per capita income for the village was $47,493. About 1.5% of families and 8.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under the age of eighteen or sixty-five or over.

Points of interest

 * Pleasant Grove Cemetery
 * RaNic Golf Club (formerly the Country Club of Ithaca, 1900–2020)
 * Sunset Park, a scenic village park bordered by stone arches with panoramic views of Ithaca College, the City of Ithaca, West Hill, and Cayuga Lake

Deer controversy
Cayuga Heights has received national attention for its large population of white-tailed deer, as many as 125 per square mile. Efforts to control the deer population have sparked huge controversy in the village.

In 2011, the village Board of Trustees approved a plan to reduce the deer population by sterilizing 20 to 60 does in two years while killing the remaining 160 to 200 deer in the village. Paul Curtis, a Natural Resources Professor at Cornell who has worked with the board of trustees, said "The primary problems that the deer cause to the community are damage to garden plants, deer-vehicle accidents and the potential threat of the spread of foreign diseases.” Opponents of the deer culling program have criticized it as a "war on sweet innocent deer", a "brutal slaughter", and Cayuga Heights as a "constant killing field". Local opposition group CayugaDeer.org has accused the board of trustees' actions as deceptive and dishonest, and sued the village to stop the culling. Few residents agreed to allow the village to cull deer on their property, and in November 2012, the board of trustees abandoned its plan to cull the deer, instead deciding to capture and sterilize does.

Notable people

 * A.R. Ammons, poet and National Book Award winner
 * Hans Bethe, physicist and Nobel Prize winner
 * Pearl S. Buck, writer, novelist, and Nobel Prize winner
 * Vernon and Irene Castle, husband-and-wife team who appeared on Broadway and in silent films in the early 20th century; originated the Castle Walk and popularized the Foxtrot
 * Dorothy Cotton, civil rights activist and close associate of Martin Luther King Jr.
 * Peter Debye, physicist and Nobel Prize winner
 * Richard Feynman, physicist and Nobel Prize winner
 * Louis Agassiz Fuertes, ornithologist, illustrator, and painter who is considered one of the most prolific American bird artists
 * Thomas Gold, astrophysicist and professor at Cornell University
 * David Lee, physicist and Nobel Prize winner
 * Vladimir Nabokov, author known for his 1955 novel Lolita, which ranked fourth on Modern Library's list of the 100 best novels
 * Roy H. Park, entrepreneur and media mogul; founder of Park Communications and the Park Foundation
 * Carl Sagan, astronomer, popularizer of science, Pulitzer Prize-winning author of The Dragons of Eden, and presenter of the Emmy Award-winning TV series Cosmos
 * Kirkpatrick Sale, author who has written prolifically about political decentralism, environmentalism, luddism, and technology
 * Steven Strogatz, mathematician and professor at Cornell University

title: Cayuga Heights, New York


text:
Danby, New York

Danby is a town in Tompkins County, New York, United States. The population was 3,457 at the 2020 census. The town is in the southern part of the county and is south of the city of Ithaca.

History
The Cayuga people, one of the Six Nations of the Haudenosaunee, occupied the land at the head of Cayuga Lake for centuries. Indigenous peoples were largely forced out of Upstate New York by the Sullivan-Clinton Expedition in 1779. The land that would become the Town of Danby was a part of the Watkins and Flint Purchase, a 336,380 acre patent granted by New York State to numerous eastern investors in 1794. Danby's first European-American settlers, including Isaac and John Dumond and Jacob and Joseph Yaple, arrived in 1795.

The town of Danby was created from the town of Spencer on February 22, 1811. Danby was part of Tioga County until 1822 when it was annexed by Tompkins County. In 1839, a part of the town of Caroline was added to Danby, and part of Danby was lost to the town of Dryden in 1856.

The Ithaca-Owego Turnpike was completed through Danby in 1811, connecting Cayuga Lake with the Susquehanna River. Today, Route 96B generally follows the same route and continues to provide an important connection between Ithaca and Binghamton and communities downstate.

Notable people

 * Prince and Lement Duplex, African American Revolutionary War veteran and his wife who moved to Danby from Connecticut in 1811
 * William Grant Egbert, violinist and founder of the Ithaca Conservatory of Music in 1892, which would later become Ithaca College, was born in Danby
 * Wilson Greatbatch, engineer and inventor from Buffalo, who held more than 325 patents, lived in Danby during his education at Cornell University in the late 1940s
 * Samuel Parker, presbyterian minister who was ordained at the Danby Federated Church in 1812; author of Parker's Exploring Tour Beyond the Rocky Mountains, an account of his 1835 trip to the Pacific Northwest

Geography
Tompkins County is often included in the Finger Lakes Region of New York State, but is sometimes included in the Southern Tier Region. The physical geography of Danby mirrors this duality as the drainage divide between the Susquehanna River and Lake Ontario runs across the town. Generally, waters in the northern and western portions of the town flow north into Cayuga Lake, Lake Ontario, and the St. Lawrence River, while waters in the southeastern portion of the town flow south into the Susquehanna River and Chesapeake Bay.

Danby is situated along the northern edge of the Allegheny Plateau, part of the Appalachian Mountains. The town is characterized by three primary land forms:

 * The deep north-south valley of Cayuga Inlet in the western part of the town
 * The western slopes of the Sixmile Creek valley in the northeastern part of the town
 * A highland plateau in the central portion of the town rising in the north to Ithaca's South Hill and narrowing in the south into the valley of Willseyville Creek

Elevations range from approximately 450 feet above sea level where Cayuga Inlet crosses the northern town line, to about 1230 feet at Town Hall in Danby Hamlet, to just over 1800 feet at Dawes Hill in the southwestern part of the town and Roundtop in the southeastern part of the town. The dramatic hill and valley lands of Danby have sometimes been referred to as the 'Danby Highlands'.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 53.8 sqmi, of which 53.6 sqmi is land and 0.2 sqmi  (0.33%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 3,007 people, 1,187 households, and 830 families residing in the town. There were 1,264 housing units at an average density of 23.6 per square mile (9.1/km2). The racial makeup of the town as 93.65% White, 2.69% African American, 0.17% Native American, 1.06% Asian, 0.43% from other races, and 2.00% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.70% of the population.

There were 1,187 households, out of which 33.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.6% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.0% were non-families. 21.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 2.94.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.5% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 30.0% from 25 to 44, 28.9% from 45 to 64, and 9.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $50,348, and the median income for a family was $52,303. Males had a median income of $34,181 versus $30,136 for females. The per capita income for the town was $23,078. About 3.9% of families and 5.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.0% of those under age 18 and 2.8% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Danby

 * Danby - a hamlet in the central part of the town
 * West Danby - a hamlet in the southwestern part of the town
 * South Danby - a small hamlet in the southeastern section of the town
 * Caroline Depot - an area in the northeastern part of the town, on the border with Caroline, that was a hamlet in the 19th and early 20th centuries
 * Jennings Pond - a portion of Buttermilk Falls State Park located in the central part of the town, near Danby hamlet
 * Point O' Rocks – a location in Danby State Forest, near the intersection of Michigan Hollow and Bald Hill Road
 * Bald Hill - an area in the central part of the town, between Danby and West Danby hamlets, that was a community in the 19th and early 20th centuries. This area is now part of Danby State Forest.
 * White Hawk – An ecovillage that is to the south of Ithaca.

Transportation
New York State Route 96B (Danby Road) runs north-south through the central portion of the town, generally along the route of the 1811 Ithaca-Owego Turnpike.

New York State Routes 34/96 runs north-south through the western portion of the town, through the valley of the Cayuga Inlet.

A Norfolk Southern Railway branch line between Sayre, PA and Ludlowville, NY runs through the western portion of the town, through the valley of the Cayuga Inlet. This railroad was built in 1871 as the Ithaca & Athens Railroad and later become part of the Lehigh Valley Railroad. There was a depot in West Danby, on the north side of Station Road, east of the tracks. Passenger service to West Danby ended in the 1940s and passenger service on this line ended in 1961.

A former branch line of the Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western Railroad ran across the far northeastern part of the town, along the border with the Town of Caroline. This was originally built in 1834 as the Ithaca and Owego Railroad, one of the first in the United States. The line originally included two inclined planes to descend into Ithaca. These were rebuilt as a switchback railroad and leased to the DL&W in 1855. The line was abandoned in 1956.

The Finger Lakes Trail crosses the town east-west through the Danby State Forest.

title: Danby, New York


text:
East Ithaca, New York

East Ithaca is a suburban community (and census-designated place) in Tompkins County, New York, United States. The population was 2,231 at the 2010 census.

East Ithaca is a suburb of the City of Ithaca on its eastern city line and in the Town of Ithaca. East Ithaca is immediately south of the main campus of Cornell University.

Geography
East Ithaca is located at 42.42667°N, -76.45917°W (42.426717, -76.459066).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.8 sqmi, of which, 1.7 sqmi of it is land and 0.04 sqmi of it (2.26%) is water.

East Ithaca is near the south end of Cayuga Lake, just east of the City of Ithaca. While known as East Ithaca, it is also considered to be part of East Hill, a designation shared with the contiguous area within the City of Ithaca

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,192 people, 1,017 households, and 474 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,264.2 PD/sqmi. There were 1,061 housing units at an average density of 611.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 76.09% White, 2.74% African American, 0.23% Native American, 17.24% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 1.23% from other races, and 2.37% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.56% of the population.

There were 1,017 households, out of which 19.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.2% were married couples living together, 5.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 53.3% were non-families. 31.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.16 and the average family size was 2.66.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 15.2% under the age of 18, 15.0% from 18 to 24, 41.0% from 25 to 44, 18.9% from 45 to 64, and 9.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.1 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $37,500, and the median income for a family was $56,742. Males had a median income of $38,676 versus $25,125 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $23,988. About 1.5% of families and 15.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under the age of eighteen or sixty-five or over.

title: East Ithaca, New York


text:
Enfield, New York

Enfield is a town in Tompkins County, New York, United States. The population was 3,401 at the 2020 census.

The Town of Enfield is located on the western border of the county and is west of Ithaca.

History
The Sullivan Expedition of 1779 passed through the area, which later became part of the Central New York Military Tract.

The town was first settled around 1804. The Town of Enfield was formed in 1821 from part of the Town of Ulysses.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 36.9 sqmi, of which, 36.9 sqmi of it is land and 0.04 sqmi of it (0.05%) is water.

The west town line is the border of Schuyler County. Borders on the North the Town of Ulysses, and on the South the Town of Newfield. The eastern town line is marked by the Town of Ithaca, near Cayuga Lake, one of the Finger Lakes.

New York State Route 79 is an east-west highway in the town and intersects (north-south) New York State Route 327 at Millers Corners.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,369 people, 1,323 households, and 891 families residing in the town. The population density was 91.3 PD/sqmi. There were 1,432 housing units at an average density of 38.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 94.81% White, 1.87% African American, 0.36% Native American, 0.45% Asian, 0.50% from other races, and 2.02% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.69% of the population.

There were 1,323 households, out of which 35.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.3% were married couples living together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.6% were non-families. 23.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.02.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.5% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 30.3% from 25 to 44, 26.3% from 45 to 64, and 8.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.3 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $36,538, and the median income for a family was $40,183. Males had a median income of $28,000 versus $24,625 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,795. About 11.9% of families and 13.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.2% of those under age 18 and 2.8% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Enfield

 * Applegate Corner – A location marked by the intersection of NY-79 and Applegate Road.
 * Black Oaks Corner – A location marked by the intersection of Harvey Hill Rd and Black Oak Road.
 * Bostwick Corners – A hamlet at the intersection of NY-327 with Bostwick Rd. to East and Harvey Hill Road. to West.
 * Christian Hill – A hamlet on the north town line.
 * Enfield Center (or "Enfield") – The hamlet of Enfield Center on NY-327 at intersection of Enfield Center Roads (East and West).
 * Enfield Elementary School – The only public school in Enfield; older students go to secondary schools in the surrounding towns and cities, located on Halseyville Rd. near NY-79.
 * Enfield Glen – A gorge in Robert H. Treman State Park, near the south town line.
 * Hayt Corner – A location in the northeast part of Enfield.
 * Kennedy Corner – A location on NY-79.
 * Millers Corners – Intersection of NY-79 with Enfield Main Road (NY-327) to the South and Halseyville Road to the North.
 * Roloson Corner – Intersection of NY-79 with Black Oak Road to the South and Waterburg Road to the North.
 * Van Dorn Corner – A location on NY-79.
 * Whipple Corner – A hamlet on the east town line.

title: Enfield, New York


text:
Forest Home, New York

Forest Home is a census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Ithaca, New York, United States. The population was 572 at the 2010 census. It is located immediately east of the Cornell University campus.

History
The first European settlers, Joseph and Martha Sydney, founded a mill on Fall Creek in 1794, and other grist and sawmills were soon constructed. During this time the community was called Free Hollow, which changed to Forest Home in 1876. Two historic steel truss bridges, both still used today, were finished in the early twentieth century. The last operating mill in the village was closed in 1926. Today, Forest Home is a small residential community nearly surrounded by the Cornell Botanic Gardens.

The Forest Home Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

Geography
Forest Home is located at 42.45306°N, -76.47139°W (42.453158, -76.471473).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 0.3 sqmi, of which, 0.3 sqmi of it is land and 3.70% is water.

The community is located near the south end of Cayuga Lake.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 941 people, 424 households, and 245 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 3,598.4 PD/sqmi. There were 446 housing units at an average density of 1,705.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 50.58% White, 5.10% African American, 0.32% Native American, 38.36% Asian, 2.55% from other races, and 3.08% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.56% of the population.

There were 424 households, out of which 31.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.9% were married couples living together, 5.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.0% were non-families. 25.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 1.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.76.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 20.9% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 58.0% from 25 to 44, 7.3% from 45 to 64, and 4.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.3 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $23,345, and the median income for a family was $30,759. Males had a median income of $23,092 versus $26,316 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $17,918. About 23.3% of families and 22.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.0% of those under age 18 and 25.9% of those age 65 or over.

title: Forest Home, New York