text:
Washtenaw County, Michigan

Washtenaw County is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. At the 2020 census, the population was 372,258. The county seat and largest city is Ann Arbor. The county was authorized by legislation in 1822 and organized as a county in 1826. Washtenaw County comprises the Ann Arbor Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is home to the University of Michigan, Eastern Michigan University, Washtenaw Community College, and Concordia University Ann Arbor.

Native American territories
The first peoples occupying the central portion of what is now Michigan included: "the Pottawattamies, the Chippewas, the Ottawas, the Wyandottes and the Hurons". Native Americans whose territories included land within the Washtenaw County boundaries are shown to have included: Myaamia (Miami), Bodéwadmiké (Potawatomi), Anishinabewaki ᐊᓂᔑᓈᐯᐗᑭ, Peoria, Meškwahki·aša·hina (Fox), and the Mississauga nation.

Etymology of Washtenaw
In the Ojibwe language, "Wash-ten-ong" or "Owashtanong" literally translates as "far away waters", and was then used by the Ojibwe as the name for the Grand River due to its great length. At the time of the official naming of the county in 1822, the headwaters of the Grand River fell within the original boundaries of Washtenaw County, which encompassed a much larger area than the present county.

Early colonization
The earliest histories mention French trappers and traders conducting trade in the area at the Potawatomi Trail and Pontiac Trail crossings of the Huron River, and later English then American settlers. The first successful settlement was established at the present site of Ypsilanti about 1809 by French traders.

In 1822, the Legislative Council of Michigan Territory government defined the name and boundaries of the county, but attached it to Wayne County for revenue, taxation and judicial affairs. Four years after the first platting out of the county, Washtenaw was established as a separate self-administered county by an act of the Michigan Territorial Legislature, in 1826. It was attached for administrative purposes to Wayne County until (before 1829) when county government was seated. Ingham and other counties were formed from portions of territorial Washtenaw County.

Swamps were drained to lower the water table. The swamp northwest of the I-94 and US-23 intersection, and areas within Waterloo Recreation Area still appear as they did to early settlers. As productive farms became established, the local deer herds grew. In the 1820s and 1830s, the events surrounding the independence of Greece from Turkey inspired construction of Greek Revival buildings, and the names of townships, towns, and children.

The "frostbitten convention" was held at Ann Arbor, the county seat, in 1835. Statehood was delayed because Michigan claimed the Toledo Strip, which was also claimed by Ohio. Following resolution of the Toledo War (1835–1836), in which Michigan Territory ceded its claim to Toledo in exchange for most of the Upper Peninsula (from the Porcupine Mountains eastward), Ohio withdrew its objection and Michigan became a state on January 26, 1837.

The convention also decided to move the capital from Detroit to a point further away from the Canadian border. After considering many existing communities, the delegates decided to build an entirely new capital city, which became Lansing. The University of Michigan, founded at Detroit in 1817, was moved to Ann Arbor in 1839 as a consolation for the city not being named the new state capital, as it had sought. The university subsequently became and remains Washtenaw County's largest employer.

In 1849, the Michigan State Normal School (now Eastern Michigan University) was established in Washtenaw's oldest settlement, Ypsilanti. It was elevated to collegiate status c. 1891 as Michigan State Normal College. The name was changed in 1956 to Eastern Michigan College, which was elevated to university status in 1959.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 722 sqmi, of which 706 sqmi is land and 16 sqmi (2.3%) is water.

Adjacent counties

 * Livingston County (north)
 * Oakland County (northeast)
 * Wayne County (east)
 * Monroe County (southeast)
 * Lenawee County (southwest)
 * Jackson County (west)
 * Ingham County (northwest)

Demographics
As of the 2010 United States census, there were 344,791 people living in the county. 74.5% were White, 12.7% Black or African American, 7.9% Asian, 0.3% Native American, 1.2% of some other race and 3.4% of two or more races. 4.0% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race). 16.0% were of German, 7.6% English, 7.5% Irish, 6.3% American and 5.0% Polish ancestry.

Washtenaw has the highest proportion of Asian-American residents of any Michigan county.

As of the 2000 census of 2000, 17.4% of county residents were of German ancestry; 9.0% cited English, 8.4% Irish, 5.3% Polish and 5.0% American ancestry. According to Census 2000, 87.1% spoke only English at home; 2.7% spoke Spanish and 1.7% Chinese or Mandarin.

There were 125,327 households, out of which 29.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.40% were married couples living together, 9.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.20% were non-families. 29.50% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 3.02.

In the county, 22.10% of the population was under the age of 18, 17.10% was from 18 to 24, 32.10% from 25 to 44, 20.60% from 45 to 64, and 8.10% were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.10 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $51,990, and the median income for a family was $70,393 (these figures had risen to $59,887 and $80,779 respectively as of a 2007 estimate. ) Males had a median income of $49,304 versus $33,598 for females. The per capita income for the county was $27,173. About 5.10% of families and 11.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.60% of those under age 18 and 5.80% of those age 65 or over.

Elected officials

 * Prosecuting Attorney: Eli Savit (Democrat)
 * Sheriff: Jerry Clayton (Democrat)
 * County Clerk/Register of Deeds: Lawrence Kestenbaum (Democrat)
 * County Treasurer: Catherine McClary (Democrat)
 * Water Resources Commissioner: Evan Pratt (Democrat)

The Board of Commissioners has nine members, elected from single member districts, on a partisan ballot, in November of even-numbered years. The term is two years. Information as of May 2017.

Parks and recreation
Washtenaw County operates 10 parks and one recreation center (gymnasium). One park has a water sprinkler area, one has a substantial water park component, and there is one golf course. The recreation center has a swimming pool, indoor track, basketball courts, complete set of resistance machines, a weight room, and several multipurpose rooms.

Washtenaw County is in the process of acquiring land for natural preservation. The program started in 2001, was renewed in 2010. The millage was renewed a second time in 2020 with a record high of 72% of votes supporting the renewal. Eight parcels of land had been purchased by July 2007. These parcels are of special ecological, recreational, and educational benefits. They are preserved in a natural unimproved state and are open to the public during daylight hours.

Wireless communication
In partnership with private enterprise, the county maintains a wireless network which is currently available to approximately 50% of county residents. This is the Wireless Washtenaw Project; its stated aim of this project is to provide wireless access to all county residents.

Miscellaneous
The county government operates the jail, maintains rural roads (through a largely independent road commission), operates the major local courts, records deeds and mortgages, maintains vital records, administers public health regulations, and participates with the state in providing welfare and social services. The county board of commissioners controls the budget and has limited authority to make laws or ordinances. In Michigan, most local government functions – police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance, etc. – are the responsibility of individual cities and townships.

Politics
Since 1988, when Michael Dukakis won it, the county has been a Democratic stronghold in local and national elections due to the presence of Ann Arbor and the University of Michigan. In the 2020 United States presidential election it gave 72.4% of the vote to Democratic nominee Joe Biden, the highest margin for a Democrat in the county, the third-highest for any candidate in the county's history, and the highest in the state at the time as well. Between 1960 and 1988 it was generally a swing county: 1992 was the first time it voted for the same party as it did in the last election since 1960. Despite its modern-day Democratic strength, it was reliably Republican at the presidential level from 1896 to 1960, only voting Democratic once in that span in 1912 when the Republican vote was split. George McGovern's win over Richard Nixon in the county in 1972 despite the latter winning nationally by a landslide was a sign of the county's shift towards supporting the Democratic Party, though Michigander and former Wolverine Gerald R. Ford won it in 1976 & Ronald Reagan won it in 1984 among his national landslide, being the most recent Republican to win the county.

Economy
The largest employers in Washtenaw County, as of July 2018, are:

Cities

 * Ann Arbor (county seat)
 * Chelsea
 * Dexter
 * Manchester
 * Milan (partial)
 * Saline
 * Ypsilanti

Village

 * Barton Hills

Charter townships

 * Ann Arbor Charter Township
 * Augusta Charter Township
 * Pittsfield Charter Township
 * Superior Charter Township
 * York Charter Township
 * Ypsilanti Charter Township

Civil townships

 * Bridgewater Township
 * Dexter Township
 * Freedom Township
 * Lima Township
 * Lodi Township
 * Lyndon Township
 * Manchester Township
 * Northfield Township
 * Salem Township
 * Saline Township
 * Scio Township
 * Sharon Township
 * Sylvan Township
 * Webster Township

Census-designated place

 * Whitmore Lake (partial)

Other unincorporated communities

 * Bridgewater
 * Dixboro
 * Delhi Mills
 * Geddes
 * Mooreville
 * Paint Creek
 * Salem
 * Stony Creek
 * Whittaker
 * Willis

Ghost town

 * Rawsonville (partial)

Education
School districts include:

 * Ann Arbor Public Schools
 * Columbia School District
 * Chelsea School District
 * Clinton Community Schools
 * Dexter Community School District
 * Grass Lake Community Schools
 * Lincoln Consolidated School District
 * Manchester Community Schools
 * Milan Area Schools
 * Northville Public Schools
 * Pinckney Community Schools
 * Plymouth-Canton Community Schools
 * Saline Area Schools
 * South Lyon Community Schools
 * Stockbridge Community Schools
 * Van Buren Public Schools
 * Whitmore Lake Public Schools
 * Ypsilanti Community Schools

Former school districts:
 * Ypsilanti Public Schools
 * Willow Run Community Schools

title: Washtenaw County, Michigan


text:
Van Buren County, Michigan

Van Buren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 75,587. The county seat is Paw Paw. The county was founded in 1829 and organized in 1837.

History
The county was named for Martin Van Buren before he became president. He was U.S. Secretary of State and later Vice President under President Andrew Jackson; thus Van Buren is one of Michigan's "Cabinet counties".

The Van Buren County Courthouse was built by Claire Allen, a prominent Southern Michigan architect; its cornerstone was laid on September 2, 1901, after a July vote to issue $35,000 in county bonds.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1090 sqmi, of which 607 sqmi is land and 482 sqmi (44%) is water.

Much of the county is farmland dotted with small towns. Areas near Kalamazoo County, specifically Antwerp Township and Almena Township, are becoming suburbanized. Many of the inland lakes are ringed with homes, either by people living year-round or cottagers, generally people who live the rest of the time in Chicago. As with other areas near Lake Michigan, tourism is a major industry.

Rivers

 * Paw Paw River
 * Black River

Adjacent counties
By land

 * Allegan County (north)
 * Kalamazoo County (east)
 * St. Joseph County (southeast)
 * Cass County (south)
 * Berrien County (southwest)

By water

 * Lake County, Illinois (west)

Parks, preserves, natural areas

 * Dunes Parkway, an 84 acre preserve of dunes in Covert Township
 * Hamilton Township Coastal Plain Marsh Nature Sanctuary, a 79 acre preserve of coastal plain marsh in Hamilton Township owned by the Michigan Nature Association
 * Jeptha Lake Fen Preserve, a 49 acre preserve in Columbia Township
 * Kal-Haven Trail, a multi-use trail converted from old rail line that runs from Kalamazoo to South Haven
 * Keeler State Game Area, 400 acres (1.6 km2) in Keeler Township
 * North Point Park - high dunes on 17 acre on Lake Michigan, north of Van Buren State Park
 * Ross Preserve, a 1,449 acre preserve of coastal plain marsh in Covert Township owned by The Nature Conservancy
 * Van Buren State Park
 * Van Buren Trail State Park is adjacent to Kal-Haven Trail

Public transportation

 * Pere Marquette (Amtrak train)
 * Van Buren Public Transit

Railroads

 * Amtrak
 * CSX Transportation
 * Norfolk Southern, through Amtrak owned Michigan Line
 * West Michigan Railroad

Demographics
The 2010 United States Census indicates Van Buren County had a 2010 population of 76,258. This decrease of -5 people from the 2000 United States Census indicated a nearly-zero population change in the decade. In 2010 there were 28,928 households and 20,434 families in the county. The population density was 125.5 /mi2. There were 36,785 housing units at an average density of 60.6 /mi2. The racial and ethnic makeup of the county was 82.7% White, 3.9% Black or African American, 0.7% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 10.2% Hispanic or Latino, 0.1% from other races, and 2.0% from two or more races.

There were 28,928 households, out of which 33.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.0% were husband and wife families, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 29.4% were non-families, and 24.0% were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.07.

The county population contained 25.5% under age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 23.7% from 25 to 44, 29.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96 males.

The 2010 American Community Survey 1-year estimate indicates the median income for a household in the county was $44,242 and the median income for a family was $53,642. Males had a median income of $28,079 versus $18,124 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,495. About 10.0% of families and 14.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.1% of those under the age 18 and 11.8% of those age 65 or over.

Cities

 * Bangor
 * Gobles
 * Hartford
 * South Haven (partial)

Villages

 * Bloomingdale
 * Breedsville
 * Decatur
 * Lawrence
 * Lawton
 * Mattawan
 * Paw Paw (county seat)

Unincorporated communities

 * Almena
 * Berlamont (originally Bear Lake Mills)
 * Columbia
 * Corwin
 * Covert
 * Crystal Beach
 * Fritzburg
 * Glendale (named Lemont during 1868)
 * Grand Junction
 * Keeler
 * Kibbie
 * Kendall
 * Lake-of-the-Woods
 * Lacota (originally West Geneva, then Irvington)
 * Maple Grove Corners
 * McDonald
 * Mentha (ghost town)
 * North Lake
 * Pine Grove Mills
 * Roth Valley
 * Sister Lakes
 * Stoughton Corners
 * Tea Pot Dome
 * Toquin
 * West Bangor

Townships

 * Almena Township
 * Antwerp Township
 * Arlington Township
 * Bangor Township
 * Bloomingdale Township
 * Columbia Township
 * Covert Township
 * Decatur Township
 * Geneva Township
 * Hamilton Township
 * Hartford Township
 * Keeler Township
 * Lawrence Township
 * Paw Paw Township
 * Pine Grove Township
 * Porter Township
 * South Haven Township
 * Waverly Township

Former townships

 * Clinch Township existed from 1837 until 1842, when it was divided into Waverly Township and Almena Township.

Government
Van Buren County has usually voted Republican in national elections. Since 1884, the county's voters have selected the Republican Party nominee in 79% (27 of 34) of the national elections through 2016. However, the county has become a swing county as well as a bellwether in recent years, voting for the overall winner in every presidential election from 1980 to 2016. It stayed with Donald Trump, a popular candidate in this county and other rural bellwethers, in the 2020 race.

Van Buren County operates the County jail, maintains rural roads, operates the major local courts, records deeds, mortgages, and vital records, administers public health regulations, and participates with the state in the provision of social services. The county board of commissioners controls the budget and has limited authority to make laws or ordinances. In Michigan, most local government functions – police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance etc. – are the responsibility of individual cities and townships.

Four-year terms ending 2024-12-31

 * Prosecuting Attorney: Susan Zuiderveen (R)
 * Sheriff: Dan Abbott (R)
 * County Clerk: Suzie Roehm (R)
 * County Treasurer: Trisha Nesbitt (R)
 * Register of Deeds: Paul W. DeYoung (R)
 * Drain Commissioner: Joe Parman (R)
 * County Surveyor: Charles Lossie (R)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Van Buren County, Michigan


text:
Tuscola County, Michigan

Tuscola County is a county in the Thumb region of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 53,323. The county seat is Caro. The county was created by Michigan Law on April 1, 1840, from land in Sanilac County and attached to Saginaw County for administrative purposes. The Michigan Legislature passed an act on March 2, 1850, that empowered the county residents to organize governmental functions.

Tuscola County is one of five counties in the Thumb area. Like the rest of the Thumb, Tuscola County enjoys seasonal tourism from cities like Flint, Detroit and Saginaw.

History
The name Tuscola was a neologism created by Henry Schoolcraft and had an aboriginal root. That source likely was the native Ojibwe name "desakamigaa" that means the flat level ground or simply the flat country. For an ending, Mr. Schoolcraft then used a form of the Latin word "colo" that means to cultivate, till, or farm or a land that is cultivated. For the suffix, the related Latin word "colonia" from which we get today the word colony means a farm estate. Tuscola then means the flat cultivated land. Henry Schoolcraft once wrote that Tuscola was derived from Native words and meant level lands. A similar word to desakamigaa is the Ojibwe word "desinaagan" that is translated as dinner plate. Shell in their language is "ess". The Ojibwe often used a shell or bark from a tree for a dish. The Ojibwe prefixes "desi-" and "tessa" are used to form their words for flat objects such as a shelf, platform, bench, or plate.

The Thumb of Michigan, which also includes Huron and Sanilac Counties, was originally called by Iroquois speaking people "Skenchioe" in the 17th century, which may be related to the Onondaga word "uschwuntschios" meaning a champaign or large extended plain. In the early 18th century, the French called the Thumb of Michigan "Le Pays Plat" that means The Flat Country. The French word "pays" means country while "plat" means flat. The English in the later 18th Century also called the land back from the shoreline around the Thumb of Michigan the Flat Country. The Thumb of Michigan forms a tableland with knolls or hillocks located in the central part of the Thumb along the Cass River. The county seat of Tuscola is Caro that is located north of the Cass River along one of these large knolls. The land around Caro particularly to the west, north, and northeast is widely farmed and cultivated. The township in which Caro lies was named Indianfields because it was a place of many early Native American gardens.

At the Treaty of Saginaw of 1819, the native leader who represented the Cass River and the Tuscola area was Chief Otusson. Otusson's Reservation was located where today lies Frankenmuth, MI. Otusson's Reservation along with a large amount of the surrounding land was sold by the Treaty of 1837.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 914 sqmi, of which 803 sqmi is land and 111 sqmi (12%) is water.

Adjacent counties

 * Huron County (north)
 * Sanilac County (east)
 * Saginaw County (west)
 * Lapeer County (southeast)
 * Genesee County (southwest)
 * Bay County (west)

Major highways

 * , runs north and south
 * , runs north and south
 * , runs north and south
 * , runs east and west
 * , runs east and west
 * , runs east and west

Airport

 * Tuscola Area Airport

Demographics
The 2010 United States Census indicates Tuscola County had a 2010 population of 55,729. This is a decrease of -2,537 people from the 2000 United States Census. Overall, the county had a -4.4% growth rate during this ten-year period. In 2010 there were 21,590 households and 15,423 families in the county. The population density was 69.4 /mi2. There were 24,451 housing units at an average density of 30.4 /mi2. 96.1% of the population were White, 1.1% Black or African American, 0.5% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.7% of some other race and 1.2% of two or more races. 2.8% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race). 32.3% were of German, 9.0% English, 8.4% Polish, 8.0% Irish, 7.8% American and 6.2% French, French Canadian or Cajun ancestry.

There were 21,590 households, out of which 30.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.5% were husband and wife families, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 28.6% were non-families, and 24.0% were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 2.97.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 23.5% under age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 23.0% from 25 to 44, 29.8% from 45 to 64, and 15.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 100.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.6 males.

The 2010 American Community Survey 3-year estimate indicates the median income for a household in the county was $40,839 and the median income for a family was $49,274. Males had a median income of $28,288 versus $15,314 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,470. About 1.7% of families and 17.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.0% of those under the age 18 and 11.0% of those age 65 or over.

Religion
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Saginaw is the controlling regional body for the Catholic Church.

Government
Tuscola County has been strongly Republican for most of its history, only failing to back a Republican candidate four times in presidential elections from 1884 to the present day.

The county government operates the jail, maintains rural roads, operates the major local courts, keeps files of deeds and mortgages, maintains vital records, administers public health regulations, and participates with the state in the provision of welfare and other social services. The county board of commissioners controls the budget but has only limited authority to make laws or ordinances. In Michigan, most local government functions — police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance, etc. — are the responsibility of individual cities and townships.

Elected officials

 * Prosecuting Attorney: Mark E. Reene
 * Sheriff: Glen Skrent
 * County Clerk: Jodi Fetting
 * County Treasurer: Ashley Bennett
 * Register of Deeds: Marianne Brandt
 * Drain Commissioner: Robert Mantey
 * Circuit Court Judge: Hon. Amy Gierhart
 * Probate Court Judge: Hon. Nancy Thane
 * District Court Judge: Hon. Jason Bitzer
 * County Commissioner District 1: Tom Young (R)
 * County Commissioner District 2: Thomas Bardwell (R)
 * County Commissioner District 3: Kim Vaughan (R)
 * County Commissioner District 4: Bill Lutz (R)
 * County Commissioner District 5: Matthew Koch (R)

(information as of December 14, 2023)

Cities

 * Caro (county seat)
 * Vassar

Villages

 * Akron
 * Cass City
 * Fairgrove
 * Gagetown
 * Kingston
 * Mayville
 * Millington
 * Reese
 * Unionville

Census-designated place

 * Fostoria

Other unincorporated communities

 * Bay Park
 * Bach
 * Bradleyville
 * Colling
 * Colwood
 * Dayton
 * Deford
 * Denmark Junction
 * East Dayton
 * Ellington
 * Elmwood
 * Gilford
 * Juniata
 * Karrs Corner
 * Oakhurst
 * Quanicassee
 * Richville
 * Silverwood
 * Thomas
 * Tuscola
 * Wahjamega
 * Watrousville
 * Wisner
 * Wilmot

Charter township

 * Almer Charter Township

General law townships

 * Akron Township
 * Arbela Township
 * Columbia Township
 * Dayton Township
 * Denmark Township
 * Elkland Township
 * Ellington Township
 * Elmwood Township
 * Fairgrove Township
 * Fremont Township
 * Gilford Township
 * Indianfields Township
 * Juniata Township
 * Kingston Township
 * Koylton Township
 * Millington Township
 * Novesta Township
 * Tuscola Township
 * Vassar Township
 * Watertown Township
 * Wells Township
 * Wisner Township

title: Tuscola County, Michigan


text:
St. Joseph County, Michigan

St. Joseph County is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan, on the central southern border with Indiana. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 60,939. The county seat is Centreville.

French colonists in the late 17th century were the first Europeans to explore this territory, and they named the St. Joseph River for the patron saint of New France. This area was not part of the United States until after the American Revolutionary War. After the 1821 Treaty of Chicago was signed, regional tribes of the indigenous peoples ceded much land to the United States, opening the area for American settlement. The county was set off and organized by the Michigan Territory legislature in 1829; it was named for the river.

The area is home to the oldest and largest Amish community in Michigan.

St. Joseph County comprises the Sturgis, MI Micropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Kalamazoo-Battle Creek-Portage, MI Combined Statistical Area.

History
This area was settled by members of the three Algonquian-speaking tribes of the Council of Three Fires: the Potawatomi, Odawa, and Chippewa (known as Ojibwa in Canada). French explorers in a party led by Father Hennepin came upriver from Lake Michigan in 1679. A Jesuit mission was established near where the French later built Fort St. Joseph, and they named the waterway as the St. Joseph River.

After the United States and tribal representatives made the 1821 Treaty of Chicago, much of the land in this region was ceded by the tribes to Michigan Territory, so more settlers came from Detroit, Monroe and later from New England and upstate New York. The first were ethnic French. The Godfroy brothers of Detroit built a trading post south of the river, near the later Marantette House site. They appointed Frances Mouton as an agent to trade with the natives of the Nottawaseepe (sippi) settlement. They had another post nearby where Patrick Marantette, also from Detroit, first worked as an agent. He ended up settling in and marrying Mouton's daughter Francis. Theirs was the first marriage in the settlement, and their daughter the first European American born here, in 1836.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 521 sqmi, of which 501 sqmi is land and 20 sqmi (3.9%) is water. It is the fourth-smallest county in Michigan by total area. The entire county lies in the Saint Joseph River watershed.

Adjacent counties

 * Van Buren County – northwest
 * Kalamazoo County – north
 * Calhoun County – northeast
 * Branch County – east
 * LaGrange County, Indiana – south
 * Elkhart County, Indiana – southwest
 * Cass County – west

Major highways

 * runs east–west across the lower portion of the county and passes White Pigeon and Sturgis.
 * runs north–south through the western portion of the county and passes Three Rivers, Constantine, and White Pigeon.
 * runs north–south through eastern Three Rivers.
 * runs east-northeast through the upper portion of the county and passes Three Rivers, Parkville, Mendon, Leonidas.
 * enters the southeastern portion of the county from Star Mill, Indiana, and runs north to an intersection with M-60, 2 mi east of Mendon.
 * runs east–west through the center of the county, entering at Colon, passing Nella and Centreville to an intersection with M-60 at Three Rivers.
 * enters the southwestern tip of the county and runs north 2 mi to intersection with US 12 near the western county line.
 * enters the northwestern portion of the county from Marcellus and runs east to an intersection with US 131 4 mi north of Three Rivers.

Strictly speaking, the Indiana Toll Road does not enter St. Joseph County, but it has an interchanges with US 131 barely within Indiana. Although M-66 does not quite reach the Toll Road, the toll road interchange is in clear sight from M-66 before it becomes Indiana State Road 9.

Demographics
The 2010 census indicates St. Joseph County had a 2010 population of 61,295. This decrease of -1,127 people from the 2000 United States Census represents a -1.8% population change (decrease) in that decade. In 2010 there were 23,244 households and 16,275 families in the county. The population density was 122.4 /mi2. There were 27,778 housing units at an average density of 55.5 /mi2. The racial and ethnic makeup of the county was 88.0% White, 2.5% Black or African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 6.6% Hispanic or Latino, 0.1% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races.

There were 23,244 households, out of which 33.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.6% were husband and wife families, 11.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 30.0% were non-families, and 24.8% were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.08.

The county population contained 25.9% under age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 23.8% from 25 to 44, 27.4% from 45 to 64, and 14.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 97.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.9 males.

The 2010 American Community Survey 3-year estimate indicates the median income for a household in the county was $43,964 and the median income for a family was $52,600. Males had a median income of $30,517 versus $16,388 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,737. About 1.8% of families and 16.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.3% of those under the age 18 and 12.3% of those age 65 or over.

Government
St. Joseph County has long been reliably Republican. Since 1884, the Republican Party nominee has carried 79% of the elections (27 of 34).

The county government operates the jail, operates the major local courts, records deeds, mortgages, and vital records, administers public health regulations, and participates with the state in the provision of social services. The county board of commissioners controls the and has limited authority to make laws or ordinances. In Michigan, most local government functions – police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance, etc. – are the responsibility of individual cities and townships.

Elected officials

 * 1st District Commissioner: Jared Hoffmaster
 * 2nd District Commissioner: Rick Shaffer
 * 3rd District Commissioner: Rusty Baker
 * 4th District Commissioner: Luis Rosado
 * 5th District Commissioner: Dennis Allen
 * Prosecuting Attorney: David Marvin
 * Sheriff: Mark Lillywhite
 * County Clerk/Register of Deeds: Lindsay Oswald
 * County Treasurer: Kathy Humphreys
 * Drain Commissioner: Jeffrey Wenzel
 * County Surveyor: David Mostrom
 * 45th Circuit Court Judge: Paul Stutesman
 * 3B District Court Judge: Robert K. Pattison
 * 3B District Court Judge: Jeffrey C. Middleton
 * Probate Court Judge: David C. Tomlinson

(Information verified with county website as of May 2023)

Cities

 * Sturgis
 * Three Rivers

Villages

 * Burr Oak
 * Centreville (county seat)
 * Colon
 * Constantine
 * Mendon
 * White Pigeon

Unincorporated communities

 * Findley
 * Leonidas
 * Mottville
 * Nottawa
 * Parkville
 * Wasepi

Townships

 * Burr Oak Township
 * Colon Township
 * Constantine Township
 * Fabius Township
 * Fawn River Township
 * Florence Township
 * Flowerfield Township
 * Leonidas Township
 * Lockport Township
 * Mendon Township
 * Mottville Township
 * Nottawa Township
 * Park Township
 * Sherman Township
 * Sturgis Township
 * White Pigeon Township

title: St. Joseph County, Michigan


text:
Talk:Nebraska

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 20:43, 3 July 2021 (UTC)
 * 2006 NE Proof.png

'Triply landlocked'
This term - used in the lede - is wikilinked to Landlocked countries. But it is not explained there. I think it means that it is surrounded by statses which are themselves doubly landlocked. (Doubly landlocked meaning surrounded by states which are landlocked.)  But the term is not explained in either article. We should not have an obscure term in the lede which is not explained anywhere in Wikipedia. Boscaswell  talk  22:33, 3 August 2021 (UTC)

 * There now is a source cited (dead link, but archived here), which says "Nebraska is the only triple landlocked state – to get to an ocean, one must travel through three states." This claim is repeated in a video by Matt Parker. But it is manifestly false as is obvious from looking at a map. There are several other states (South and North Dakota among them) from which one cannot reach an ocean without going through three other states. If the words "or provinces" is added then maybe it is true: From North Dakota, for instance, you need only go through Manitoba to Hudson Bay which presumably counts as ocean. But that isn't the claim made by the cited source. Since "triply landlocked" seems not to be a commonly agreed upon term and the sources don't provide a definition by which the claim is true, it seems to me it should be removed. Doctroid (talk) 03:13, 22 April 2023 (UTC)
 * Remove it. The concept of being landlocked isn't meaningfully applied to provinces or states within a given country. Meters (talk) 03:34, 22 April 2023 (UTC)
 * I have moved this from the lead to the "Geography" section, and am not opposed to someone else removing it entirely. It is definitely trivia. Walt Yoder (talk) 16:25, 22 April 2023 (UTC)
 * The added "when counting U.S. states and Canadian provinces as separate political entities" clears up the confusion, but this is just contrived trivia. I've removed it. Meters (talk) 08:39, 26 April 2023 (UTC)

Add professional motorsports to Nebraska
https://www.nhra.com/drivers/terry-totten/21866

Can someone officially add. Terry totten / driver. National hot rod association (Nhra drag racing ). totten Motorsports of Gretna Nebraska. Thanks 76.84.151.85 (talk) 21:01, 1 January 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Nebraska


text:
St. Clair County, Michigan

St. Clair County is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan and bordering the west bank of the St. Clair River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 160,383. It is the 13th-most populous county in the state. The county seat is Port Huron, located at the north end of the St. Clair River at Lake Huron. The county was created September 10, 1820, and its government was organized in 1821. It is located northeast of Detroit. It is considered by the State of Michigan to be a part of The Thumb, a peninsula that is surrounded by Lake Huron in the east-central area of the state. This area is sometimes dubbed the Blue Water Area.

Etymology
French explorer René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle led an expedition to this area on August 12, 1679. They named the lake as Lac Sainte-Claire, because it was the feast day of Saint Clare of Assisi, whom they venerated. English mapmakers adopted the French name, identifying the lake feature as Saint Clare on maps dated as early as 1710. By the Mitchell Map of 1755, the spelling was given as St. Clair, which later became the current version in 1924. Located along the western shores of Lake St. Clair and the St. Clair River, the county was named for them by European-American settlers.

The name is sometimes mistakenly attributed to honoring Arthur St. Clair, an American Revolutionary War general and governor of the Northwest Territory, but it was established long before he was considered a notable figure. The earlier spelling of the lake's name may have been conflated with English practice and the name of the general, as several political jurisdictions near the lake and the river, such as St. Clair County, St. Clair Township, and the cities of St. Clair and St. Clair Shores, share this spelling (see List of Michigan county name etymologies).

The name has sometimes been mistakenly attributed to honoring Patrick Sinclair, a British officer who purchased land on the St. Clair River at the mouth of the Pine River. In 1764, he built Fort Sinclair there, which was in use for nearly 20 years before being abandoned. As noted, the name was established before he was active in the area.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 837 sqmi, of which 721 sqmi is land and 115 sqmi (14%) is water. St. Clair County is one of five counties that form the peninsula, known as the Thumb, that projects into Lake Huron. St. Clair County is closely connected in terms of economy with its neighbors, Metro Detroit and Sanilac County in Michigan, and Lambton County across the river in Ontario, Canada. Saint Clair County is the principal county in The Blue Water Area, a sub-region of the Thumb.

Adjacent counties

 * Sanilac (north)
 * Lapeer (west)
 * Macomb (south)
 * Lambton, Ontario (east)

Major highways

 * enters the county from the west, coming from Lansing and Flint, terminating at the approach to the Blue Water Bridge in Port Huron. (Once fully completed, the mainline of I-69 will span from Brownsville, Texas to Port Huron, Michigan.)
 * enters St. Clair County from the southwest, having traversed the entire Metro Detroit region, and terminates at the approach to the Blue Water Bridge in Port Huron. On the Canadian side of the border, in Sarnia, Ontario, the route heads easterly, designated as Highway 402.
 * follows the Lake Huron–Saginaw Bay shoreline, beginning in Bay City and ending at a junction with |I-94/|I-69, and BL I-94/BL I-69 on the north side of Port Huron.
 * serves Harsens Island, in Lake St. Clair.
 * follows the Lake Huron–Saginaw Bay shoreline, beginning in Bay City and ending at a junction with |I-94/|I-69, and BL I-94/BL I-69 on the north side of Port Huron.
 * serves Harsens Island, in Lake St. Clair.
 * serves Harsens Island, in Lake St. Clair.
 * serves Harsens Island, in Lake St. Clair.
 * serves Harsens Island, in Lake St. Clair.

Demographics
The 2010 United States census indicates St. Clair County had a 2010 population of 163,040. This is a decrease of -1,195 people from the 2000 United States census. Overall, the county had a -0.7% growth rate during this ten-year period. In 2010 there were 63,841 households and 44,238 families in the county. The population density was 226.1 /mi2. There were 71,822 housing units at an average density of 99.6 /mi2. 93.9% were White, 2.4% Black or African American, 0.5% Asian, 0.4% Native American, 0.7% of some other race and 2.0% of two or more races. 2.9% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race). 25.9% identified as of German, 10.2% Polish, 9.3% Irish, 8.5% English, 6.5% French, 6.5% American, and 5.1% Italian ancestry.

There were 63,841 households, out of which 31.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.9% were opposite-sex families, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 30.7% were non-families, and 25.5% were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 23.7% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 23.8% from 25 to 44, 30.1% from 45 to 64, and 14.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.7 males.

The 2010 American Community Survey 1-year estimate indicates the median income for a household in the county was $44,369 and the median income for a family was $53,207. Males had a median income of $30,056 versus $16,771 for females. The per capita income for the county was $22,390. About 10.4% of families and 15.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.7% of those under the age of 18 and 6.8% of those age 65 or over.

Government
The county government operates the jail, maintains rural roads, operates the major local courts, keeps files of deeds and mortgages, maintains vital records, administers public health regulations, and participates with the state in the provision of welfare and other social services. The county board of commissioners controls the budget but has only limited authority to make laws or ordinances. In Michigan, most local government functions — police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance, etc. — are the responsibility of individual cities and townships.

Elected officials

 * Prosecuting attorney: Michael D. Wendling
 * Sheriff: Mat King
 * County clerk/register of deeds: Angie Waters
 * County treasurer: Kelly Roberts-Burnett
 * Drain commissioner: Robert Wiley
 * County commissioner, district 1: Steven Simasko
 * County commissioner, district 2: Jorja Baldwin
 * County commissioner, district 3: Lisa Beedon
 * County commissioner, district 4: Joi Torello
 * County commissioner, district 5: Jeffrey L. Bohm
 * County commissioner, district 6: David Rushing
 * County commissioner, district 7: Dave Vandenbossche
 * CMH Resident Pope,            : Dann Hayes
 * 31st Circuit Court: Cynthia Lane, Michael West, Daniel Damman
 * 72nd District Court: Michael Hulewicz; John Monaghan; Mona Armstrong
 * Probate Court: Jennifer Deegan; John Tomlinson

(information )

Parks

 * Algonac State Park

St. Clair County is home to five county parks: Columbus County Park, Fort Gratiot County Park, Fort Gratiot Light station, Goodells County Park, and Woodsong County Park. St. Clair County also operates the Wadhams to Avoca Trail and works with local units of government to develop the Bridge to Bay Trail.

Cities

 * Algonac
 * Marine City
 * Marysville
 * Memphis (partial)
 * Port Huron (county seat)
 * Richmond (partial)
 * St. Clair
 * Yale

Villages

 * Capac
 * Emmett

Charter townships

 * China
 * East China
 * Fort Gratiot
 * Port Huron

Civil townships

 * Berlin
 * Brockway
 * Burtchville
 * Casco
 * Clay
 * Clyde
 * Columbus
 * Cottrellville
 * Emmett
 * Grant
 * Greenwood
 * Ira
 * Kenockee
 * Kimball
 * Lynn
 * Mussey
 * Riley
 * St. Clair
 * Wales

Census-designated place

 * Pearl Beach

Other unincorporated communities

 * Abbottsford
 * Adair
 * Allenton
 * Anchorville
 * Atkins
 * Avoca
 * Avalon Beach
 * Bedore
 * Belle River
 * Berville
 * Blaine
 * Broadbridge Station
 * Brockway
 * Casco
 * Cherry Beach
 * Clays Landing
 * Columbus
 * Copeland Corner
 * Fair Haven
 * Fargo
 * Forster
 * Gardendale
 * Grande Pointe
 * Goodells
 * Hawthorne
 * Jeddo
 * Kimball
 * Keewahdin
 * Lakeport
 * Lambs
 * Lesterville
 * Maple Leaf
 * Martindale Beach
 * Miller
 * Muirs
 * Muttonville
 * North Lakeport
 * North Street
 * Perch Point
 * Peters
 * Pointe aux Tremble
 * Purssia (Dissolved in 2021)
 * Rattle Run
 * Riley Center
 * Riverside
 * Roberts Landing
 * Ruby
 * Sans Souci
 * Smiths Creek
 * Snyderville
 * South Park
 * Sparlingville
 * Starville
 * Tappan
 * Thornton
 * Wadhams
 * Wales
 * West Tappan

title: St. Clair County, Michigan


text:
Shiawassee County, Michigan

Shiawassee County is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 68,094. The county seat is Corunna, and the largest city in the county is Owosso. In 2010, the center of population of Michigan was located in Shiawassee County, in Bennington Township.

Shiawassee County is included in the Lansing-East Lansing, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
In 1822, the Michigan Territorial legislature defined a new county, Shiawassee (named for the river), taken from portions of existing Oakland and St. Clair counties. However, for purposes of representation, revenue, and judicial matters, the area was temporarily assigned to adjoining county governments. In early 1837, the Michigan Territory was admitted into the Union as the State of Michigan, and that same year the new Michigan State government authorized the organization of a county government in Shiawassee.

Geography
According to the US Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 541 sqmi, of which 531 sqmi is land and 10 sqmi (1.9%) is water. The Shiawassee River enters it from Genesee County in the southeast and flows through Corunna and Owosso in the center of the county, exiting to Saginaw County in the north. Shiawassee County is considered to be a part of Central Michigan.

Adjacent counties

 * Saginaw County – north
 * Genesee County – east
 * Livingston County – southeast
 * Ingham County – southwest
 * Clinton County – west
 * Gratiot County – northwest

Highways

 * - enters near SW corner of county. Runs ENE past Shaftsburg, Perry, Morrice, Bancroft, Durand. Exits running east into Genesee County.
 * - runs along the east line of county, from NE corner to intersection with I-69 one mile (1.6 km) south of Lennon.
 * - runs east–west through upper middle of county, passing Corunna and Owosso.
 * - enters north line of county at Oakley. Runs south to Owosso, then SW and south to Perry. Exits running south into Ingham County.
 * - begins at Owosso. Runs ESE to intersection with I-69, 1 mi NW of Durand.

Rail

 * Durand Union Station in Durand offers access to Amtrak's Blue Water route. The train runs from Port Huron to Chicago.

Airport
Owosso Community Airport – 2 mi east of Owosso. Public airport for general aviation, primarily smaller aircraft.

Demographics
As of the 2010 United States Census, Shiawassee County had a 2010 population of 70,648. This decrease of -1,039 people from the 2000 United States Census represents a decrease of 1.4% during that ten-year period. In 2010 there were 27,481 households and 19,397 families in the county. The population density was 133.1 /mi2. There were 30,319 housing units at an average density of 57.1 /mi2. 96.7% of the population were White, 0.5% Native American, 0.5% Black or African American, 0.4% Asian, 0.5% of some other race and 1.5% of two or more races. 2.4% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race). 22.2% were of German, 21.8% English, 9.5% Irish, 5.2% French, French Canadian or Cajun and 5.1% Polish ancestry according to 2010 American Community Survey. As of the 2020 Census, Shiawassee County had a population of 68,094 people.

There were 27,481 households, out of which 32.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.8% were husband and wife families, 11.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 29.4% were non-families, and 24.2% were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 2.99.

The county population contained 24.1% under age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 23.9% from 25 to 44, 29.1% from 45 to 64, and 14.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 97.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.6 males.

The 2010 American Community Survey 1-year estimate indicates the median income for a household in the county was $46,528 and the median income for a family was $52,614. Males had a median income of $32,155 versus $19,301 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,103. About 10.6% of families and 15.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.1% of those under the age 18 and 5.8% of those age 65 or over.

Government
Shiawassee County has tended to vote Republican since the beginning. Since 1884, the Republican Party nominee has carried 74% of the elections (25 of 34).

The county government operates the jail, maintains rural roads, operates the major local courts, records deeds, mortgages, and vital records, administers public health regulations, and participates with the state in the provision of social services. The county board of commissioners controls the budget and has limited authority to make laws or ordinances. In Michigan, most local government functions — police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance, etc. — are the responsibility of individual cities and townships.

COVID-19 hazard pay scandal
On July 25, 2021, it was revealed that the county's board of commissioners paid themselves a total of $65,000 out of a $557,000 federal relief funds earmarked for county employee hazard pay due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Employees typically received $1,000 to $2,000. The seven member board of commissioners voted themselves $5,000 for four members, $10,000 for two, and the chairman of the county commissioners $25,000. Following days of criticism, a Shiawassee prosecutor declared the bonuses illegal; commissioners responded that they would return the money.

Elected officials

 * Governor: Gretchen Whitmer (D)
 * Lt. Governor: Garlin Gilchrist (D)
 * Attorney General: Dana Nessel (D)
 * Secretary of State: Jocelyn Benson (D)
 * U.S. Rep 7th District: Elissa Slotkin (D)
 * State Senator 28th District: Sam Singh (D)
 * State Senator Lana Theis 22nd District: Lana Theis (R)
 * State Rep. 71st District: Brian BeGole (R)
 * State Rep. 75th District: Penelope Tsernoglou (D)
 * Prosecutor: Scott Koerner (R)
 * Sheriff: Doug Chapman (R)
 * County Clerk: Caroline Wilson (R)
 * County Treasurer: Julie Sorenson (R)
 * Register of Deeds: Lori Kimble (R)
 * Drain Commissioner: Tony Newman (D)
 * County Surveyor: William Wascher (R)
 * Road Commissioners: Mike Constine (R); Ric Crawford (R); John Michalec (D)
 * Commissioner District 1: Marlene Webster (R)
 * Commissioner District 2: Greg Brodeur (R)
 * Commissioner District 3: Gary Holzhausen (R)
 * Commissioner District 4: Bill Johnson (R)
 * Commissioner District 5: Brad Howard (R)
 * Commissioner District 6: Cindy Garber (R)
 * Commissioner District 7: Tom Emery (R)

(information as of January 2023)

Cities

 * Corunna (county seat)
 * Durand
 * Laingsburg
 * Ovid (partial)
 * Owosso
 * Perry

Villages

 * Bancroft
 * Byron
 * Lennon
 * Morrice
 * New Lothrop
 * Vernon

Charter townships

 * Caledonia Charter Township
 * Owosso Charter Township

Civil townships

 * Antrim Township
 * Bennington Township
 * Burns Township
 * Fairfield Township
 * Hazelton Township
 * Middlebury Township
 * New Haven Township
 * Perry Township
 * Rush Township
 * Sciota Township
 * Shiawassee Township
 * Venice Township
 * Vernon Township
 * Woodhull Township

Census-designated places

 * Henderson
 * Middletown

Other unincorporated communities

 * Antrim Center
 * Bennington
 * Burton
 * Carland
 * Easton
 * Five Points
 * Five Points North
 * Forest Green Estates
 * Hoovers Corners
 * Juddville
 * Kerby
 * Newburg
 * New Haven
 * Nicholson
 * Olney Corners
 * Pittsburg
 * Shaftsburg
 * Shiawasseetown
 * Smith Crossing
 * Union Plains
 * Wolf Crossing

title: Shiawassee County, Michigan


text:
Talk:Nevada

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 9 external links on Nevada. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120427231227/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/metro/totals/2011/tables/CBSA-EST2011-01.csv to https://www.census.gov/popest/data/metro/totals/2011/tables/CBSA-EST2011-01.csv
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20131024003357/http://nsla.nevadaculture.org//index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=674&Itemid=418 to http://nsla.nevadaculture.org//index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=674&Itemid=418
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130117094155/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/32/3253800.html to http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/32/3253800.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140731162029/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/32000.html to http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/32000.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100813171855/http://tax.state.nv.us/pubs.htm to http://tax.state.nv.us/pubs.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20160817223403/http://nvsos.gov/Modules/ShowDocument.aspx?documentid=3294 to http://nvsos.gov/Modules/ShowDocument.aspx?documentid=3294
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100502124829/http://www.ahla.com/content.aspx?id=27642 to http://www.ahla.com/content.aspx?id=27642
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140731162029/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/32000.html to http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/32000.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130117095102/http://www.nevada-landmarks.com/ to http://www.nevada-landmarks.com/

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 22:03, 21 December 2017 (UTC)

Pronunciation.
Most locals in Nevada, or at least in the Reno Carson area, pronounce it Nəvædɑː Nuh,veah,duh. People who have never been to Nevada before usually pronounce it Nɑːvɑːdɑː Likalaruku (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 09:25, 30 December 2018 (UTC)

 * Or those of us who can pronounce Castilian correctly say it as it was always intended. 😂
 * Just saw a segment on TV where the news guy has had his pronunciation corrected (incorrected in my view) so apparently it is a big deal.
 * F. L. (talk) 22:03, 15 September 2020 (UTC)
 * It's a huge deal. Nevadans will get angry if you pronounce it the wrong way.  I actually think the "aw" pronunciation should be removed from the article for that reason.  71.94.198.45 (talk) 10:23, 22 September 2020 (UTC)

"Navada" listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect Navada. Please participate in the redirect discussion if you wish to do so. Steel1943 (talk) 22:42, 20 September 2019 (UTC)

Nomination of Portal:Nevada for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether Portal:Nevada is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The page will be discussed at Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Portal:Nevada until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the page during the discussion, including to improve the page to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the deletion notice from the top of the page. North America1000 13:27, 1 October 2019 (UTC)

Pony Express?
Under Statehood (1864), we see the following: Rather than sending the Nevada constitution to Washington by Pony Express, the full text was sent by telegraph at a cost of $4,303.27

The immediate problem I see is that the Pony Express was no longer in place in 1864. Looking at the one cited source, I don't even see any mention of the Pony Express. Does anybody who knows more about Nevada history care to weigh in? Against the current (talk) 05:27, 4 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Excellent catch! I updated the article, feel free to edit as you see fit.  I based my change on what archives.gov reference says. Cxbrx (talk) 20:43, 4 February 2021 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 19:38, 18 February 2023 (UTC)
 * "Home Means Nevada" - Regional anthem of Nevada.ogg

Suggesting a source for an sentence that needs citation
I'd like so suggest a source and potential edit for a sentence that lacks citation in the Taxes section. The section's opening sentence is:
 * Nevada's tax laws are intended to draw new residents and businesses to the state.

I would like to suggest:
 * Nevada's tax laws are intended to draw new residents and businesses to the state, and a 2022 study found that Nevada had the second lightest tax burden of any state and the second highest rate of population growth.

Thanks and please let me know if you have any questions. SBCornelius (talk) 19:14, 5 May 2023 (UTC)
 * Pictogram voting keep.svg Go ahead: I have reviewed these proposed changes and suggest that you go ahead and make the proposed changes to the page. Actualcpscm (talk) 13:46, 27 May 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Nevada


text:
Schoolcraft County, Michigan

Schoolcraft County is a county located in the Upper Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,047, making it Michigan's fourth-least populous county. The county seat is Manistique, which lies along the northern shore of Lake Michigan. The county is named in honor of Henry Schoolcraft, who explored the area with the expedition of Lewis Cass. The county was founded in 1843 and organized in 1876. The county is largely rural and forested, with much of its western portion within Hiawatha National Forest.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1884 sqmi, of which 1171 sqmi is land and 713 sqmi (38%) is water.

Major highways

 * – runs east and NE across south edge of county. Passes Cooks, Manistique, Gulliver, Parkington, Blaney Park.
 * – runs east–west across upper middle part of county. Passes Seney.
 * – enters county near NE corner. Runs south past Seney to intersection with US2 near Blaney Park.
 * – enters county near NW corner. Runs south and SE to intersection with US2 near Manistique.
 * – enters near SW corner of county. Runs east to intersection with US2 at Manistique.
 * – runs north from Cooks through Hiawatha National Forest.

Airport

 * Schoolcraft County Airport - 3 miles NE of Manistique. County-owned public-use (general aviation). Two paved runways.

Adjacent counties
By land

 * Delta County (west)
 * Alger County (northwest)
 * Luce County (northeast)
 * Mackinac County (southeast)

By water

 * Charlevoix County (southeast)
 * Leelanau County (south)

National protected areas

 * Hiawatha National Forest (part)
 * Seney National Wildlife Refuge

City

 * Manistique (county seat)

Civil townships

 * Doyle Township
 * Germfask Township
 * Hiawatha Township
 * Inwood Township
 * Manistique Township
 * Mueller Township
 * Seney Township
 * Thompson Township

Unincorporated communities

 * Blaney
 * Cooks
 * Germfask
 * Gulliver
 * Seney
 * Steuben
 * Thompson

Indian reservation

 * The Sault Tribe of Chippewa Indians occupies a very small plot of land in southern Manistique Township.

Former settlements

 * Little Harbor, Michigan

Demographics
The 2010 United States census indicated Schoolcraft County had a population of 8,485. Of its population in 2001, 87.6% of the population were White, 8.8% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.1% Black or African American, 0.1% of some other race and 3.3% of two or more races. Among them, 0.8% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race); 16.2% were of German, 13.2% French, French Canadian or Cajun, 7.8% Swedish, 6.7% Irish, 5.3% Polish, 5.2% English and 5.1% American ancestry. By the 2020 census, its population was 8,047.

In 2010, there were 3,759 households, out of which 22.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.9% were married couples living together, 8.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.5% were non-families. 30.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.72.

The county population contained 19.9% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 19.6% from 25 to 44, 33.3% from 45 to 64, and 21.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48.3 years. The population was 49.5% male and 50.5% female.

In 2010, the median income for a household in the county was $38,367, and the median income for a family was $49,561. The per capita income for the county was $21,134. About 11.7% of families and 15.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.3% of those under age 18 and 9.2% of those age 65 or over. The 2021 estimates determined the median household income was approximately $54,163.

Government
Schoolcraft County has been Republican-leaning from its start. Since 1876, the Republican Party nominee has carried the county vote in 69% of the elections (25 of 36 elections).

Schoolcraft County operates the County jail, Schoolcraft County Public Transit, maintains rural roads, operates the major local courts, records deeds, mortgages, and vital records, administers public health regulations, and participates with the state in the provision of social services. The county board of commissioners controls the budget and has limited authority to make laws or ordinances. In Michigan, most local government functions — police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance, etc. — are the responsibility of individual cities and townships.

Historic places
The National Register of Historic Places listings in Schoolcraft County, Michigan are:
 * Ten Curves Road – Manistique River Bridge – Ten Curves Rd. over Manistique River in Gemfask Township (added December 17, 1999)
 * Manistique East Breakwater Light – at offshore end of east breakwater, approx. 1,800 ft. from shore (added September 6, 2005)
 * Manistique Pumping Station – on Deer St. (added October 26, 1981)
 * Seul Choix Pointe Light Station – County Rd. 431 in Gulliver (added July 17, 1984)
 * Ekdahl-Goudreau Site – west of Seul Choix Point (added November 16, 1978).

title: Schoolcraft County, Michigan


text:
Sanilac County, Michigan

Sanilac County is a county located in the Thumb region of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 40,611. The county seat is Sandusky. The county was created on September 10, 1822, and was fully organized on December 31, 1849. Sanilac County is considered to be part of the Thumb of Michigan, a subregion of the Flint/Tri-Cities. Sanilac County enjoys seasonal tourism in towns such as Lexington, Port Sanilac, and Carsonville. Sanilac County is economically attached to St. Clair County and Huron County and is largely composed of nearly flat areas of rich soil.

History
Sanilac County was probably named for a Wyandot (Huron) chief named Sanilac. (See List of Michigan county name etymologies). The county was formed on September 10, 1822, by the Michigan Territorial Legislature, partitioning parts of St. Clair County and unorganized territory administered by Oakland County. The original boundary of the county was reduced in 1840, when parts were partitioned off to create Huron and Tuscola counties. The county government was fully organized on December 31, 1849. In the middle of the 19th century, the area now called Port Sanilac was called Bark Shanty. It was named for a lone shanty made of bark, which was used to make shingles from pine. The county seat of Sanilac is the city of Sandusky.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1590 sqmi, of which 963 sqmi is land and 627 sqmi (39%) is water. Sanilac County is the largest county in Michigan's Lower Peninsula by land area.

Adjacent counties

 * Huron County (north)
 * Tuscola County (west)
 * St. Clair County (south)
 * Lapeer County (southwest)
 * Huron County, Ontario, Canada (east)

Demographics
The 2010 United States Census indicates Sanilac County had a 2010 population of 43,114. This decrease of -1,433 people from the 2000 United States Census represents a 3.2% population loss in the decade. In 2010 there were 17,132 households and 11,885 families in the county. The population density was 44.8 /mi2. There were 22,725 housing units at an average density of 23.6 /mi2. 96.6% of the population were White, 0.5% Native American, 0.3% Black or African American, 0.3% Asian, 1.1% of some other race and 1.2% of two or more races. 3.3% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race). 26.1% were of German, 11.0% Polish, 10.4% English, 8.3% Irish, 7.2% American and 5.1% French, French Canadian or Cajun ancestry.

There were 17,132 households, out of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.3% were husband and wife families, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 30.6% were non-families, and 26.4% were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.97.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 23.6% under age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 21.8% from 25 to 44, 29.6% from 45 to 64, and 17.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females there were 97.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.7 males.

The 2010 American Community Survey 3-year estimate indicates the median income for a household in the county was $39,138 and the median income for a family was $47,885. Males had a median income of $27,440 versus $16,509 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,671. About 1.5% of families and 16.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.3% of those under the age 18 and 11.4% of those age 65 or over.

Religion

 * The Roman Catholic Diocese of Saginaw is the controlling regional body for the Catholic Church.

Government
Sanilac County has voted for the Republican nominee in every presidential election since the GOP's inaugural election in 1856 – except in 1912, when the county supported Theodore Roosevelt's Bull Moose Party campaign. However, they had voted for the Republican nominee in 1912, William Howard Taft in the previous election (1908). Hence, every person who has won the GOP's nomination has won Sanilac County, Michigan. Theodore Roosevelt had also been the Republican nominee in 1904.

The county government operates the jail, maintains rural roads, operates the major local courts, records deeds, mortgages, and vital records, administers public health regulations, and participates with the state in the provision of social services. The county board of commissioners controls the budget and has limited authority to make laws or ordinances. In Michigan, most local government functions — police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance, etc. — are the responsibility of individual cities and townships.

Elected officials

 * Prosecuting Attorney: James V. Young
 * Sheriff: Paul Rich
 * County Clerk: Denise McGuire
 * County Treasurer: Trudy M. Nicol
 * Register of Deeds: Michele VanNorman
 * Drain Commissioner: Gregory L Alexander
 * Circuit Court Judge: Hon. Donald A. Teeple
 * Probate Court Judge: Hon. Gregory S. Ross
 * District Court Judge: Hon. Gregory S Ross
 * Commissioner – Dist 1: Jon Block
 * Commissioner – Dist 2: Gary Heberling
 * Commissioner – Dist 3: William Sarkella
 * Commissioner – Dist 4: Bob Colely
 * Commissioner – Dist 5: Paul Muxlow

Media

 * The county is served weekly by the Tribune-Recorder since 1893, the Sanilac County News of Sandusky and other small newspapers.
 * Daily deliveries of the Port Huron Times Herald are available in Sanilac County.

Cities

 * Brown City
 * Croswell
 * Marlette
 * Sandusky (county seat)

Villages

 * Applegate
 * Carsonville
 * Deckerville
 * Forestville
 * Lexington
 * Melvin
 * Minden City
 * Peck
 * Port Sanilac

Census-designated place

 * Snover

Other unincorporated communities

 * Amadore
 * Argyle
 * Austin Center
 * Birch Beach
 * Blue Water Beach
 * Cash
 * Charleston
 * Cumber
 * Decker
 * Downington
 * Elmer
 * Freidberger
 * Great Lakes Beach
 * Huronia Heights
 * Juhl
 * Laing
 * Lexington Heights
 * McGregor
 * Omard
 * Palms
 * Tyre
 * Watertown

Townships

 * Argyle Township
 * Austin Township
 * Bridgehampton Township
 * Buel Township
 * Custer Township
 * Delaware Township
 * Elk Township
 * Elmer Township
 * Evergreen Township
 * Flynn Township
 * Forester Township
 * Fremont Township
 * Greenleaf Township
 * Lamotte Township
 * Lexington Township
 * Maple Valley Township
 * Marion Township
 * Marlette Township
 * Minden Township
 * Moore Township
 * Sanilac Township
 * Speaker Township
 * Washington Township
 * Watertown Township
 * Wheatland Township
 * Worth Township

title: Sanilac County, Michigan


text:
Saginaw County, Michigan

Saginaw County, officially the County of Saginaw, is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 190,124. The county seat is Saginaw. The county was created by September 10, 1822, and was fully organized on February 9, 1835. The etymology of the county's name is uncertain. It may be derived from Sace-nong or Sak-e-nong (Sauk land), as the Sauk (Sac) tribe is believed by some to have once lived there. A more likely possibility is that it comes from Ojibwe words meaning "place of the outlet" –sag (an opening) and ong (place of). See List of Michigan county name etymologies.

Saginaw County comprises the Saginaw, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Saginaw-Midland-Bay City Combined Statistical Area, the 5th largest metropolitan area in Michigan.

Etymology
The name Saginaw is widely believed to mean "where the Sauk were" in Ojibwe, from Sace-nong or Sak-e-nong (Sauk Town), due to the belief that the Sauk once lived there. But it is more likely that the name means "place of the outlet", from the Ojibwe sag (opening) and ong (place of).

When Natives told Samuel de Champlain that the Sauk nation was on the western shore of Lake Michigan, Champlain mistakenly placed them on the western shore of Lake Huron. This mistake was copied on subsequent maps, and future references identified this as the place of the Sauks. Champlain himself never visited what is now Michigan.

History
The area was inhabited from about 1000 B.C. to 1000 A.D. by the Native American Hopewell culture, followed by the Anishnabeg. Some historians believe that the Sauk at one time lived in the area and were driven out by Ojibwe (Chippewa), before the area was first visited by Europeans.

The Saginaw region includes an extensive network of many rivers and streams which converge into the Saginaw River and provided a means for easy travel for the Native American population among numerous settlements and hunting areas, as well as access to Lake Huron. Saginaw was also a frequent meeting location for councils of the Ojibwe, Pottawatomi, and Ottawa—the Three Fires of the Anishnabeg.

What is today Saginaw County was inhabited by the Ojibwe at the time of the arrival of Euro-Americans. The Ojibwe were still the dominant force in the area in the 1820s, and in 1827 they were attacked by a two groups of Winnebago people coming from Wisconsin. The Ojibwe prevailed in this fight with the aid of local Euro-American settlers.

In 1853 the Ojibwe and Ottawa both established large hunting camps along the Saginaw River, although Euro-American settlers were beginning to establish saw mills and farms in the area by that point.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 816 sqmi, of which 800 sqmi is land and 16 sqmi (1.9%) is water. It is part of the Flint/Tri-Cities region of Mid-Michigan. The median elevation in Saginaw County, Michigan is 620 ft above sea level.

Primary rivers

 * Saginaw River
 * Shiawassee River
 * Cass River
 * Flint River
 * Bad River
 * Tittabawassee River

Wildlife refuge

 * Shiawassee National Wildlife Refuge

Adjacent counties

 * Bay County (northeast)
 * Midland County (northwest)
 * Tuscola County (east)
 * Gratiot County (west)
 * Genesee County (southeast)
 * Shiawassee County (south)
 * Clinton County (southwest)

Demographics
The 2010 United States Census indicates Saginaw County had a 2010 population of 200,169. This is a decrease of -9,870 people from the 2000 United States Census. Overall, the county had a -4.7% growth rate during this ten-year period. In 2010 there were 79,011 households and 52,287 families in the county. The population density was 250.2 /mi2. There were 86,844 housing units at an average density of 108.5 /mi2. The racial and ethnic makeup of the county was 70.5% White, 18.6% Black or African American, 0.3% Native American, 1.0% Asian, 7.8% Hispanic or Latino, 0.1% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races.

There were 79,011 households, out of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.4% were husband and wife families, 16.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 33.8% were non-families, and 28.2% were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the county, 23.4% of the population was under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 22.9% from 25 to 44, 27.8% from 45 to 64, and 15.3% was 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 93.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.4 males.

The 2010 American Community Survey 1-year estimate indicates the median income for a household in the county was $41,938 and the median income for a family was $52,243. Males had a median income of $27,691 versus $16,488 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,025. About 12.4% of families and 16.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.1% of those under the age 18 and 10.1% of those age 65 or over.

Religion
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Saginaw is the controlling regional body for the Catholic Church.

Government and politics
The county government operates the jail, maintains rural roads, operates the major local courts, keeps files of deeds and mortgages, maintains vital records, administers public health regulations, and participates with the state in the provision of welfare and other social services. The county board of commissioners controls the budget but has only limited authority to make laws or ordinances. In Michigan, most local government functions — police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance, etc. — are the responsibility of individual cities and townships.

From 1988 to 2012, Saginaw County was a consistently Democratic county at the Presidential level. However, in recent elections it has become increasingly competitive, with Donald Trump narrowly winning the county in 2016 by slightly over 1,000 votes while narrowly losing it in 2020 by about 300 votes. Since 1992, the county has voted for the statewide winner in every election, and is thus considered a bellwether politically.

Elected officials
''All countywide officers are elected for four-year terms. The next scheduled election for these offices is November 2024.''
 * Prosecuting Attorney: John McColgan Jr.
 * Sheriff: William Federspiel
 * County Clerk: Vanessa Guerra
 * County Treasurer: Timothy M. Novak
 * Register of Deeds: Katheryn A. Kelly
 * Public Works Commissioner: Brian Wendling

(information as of April 2021)

Parks and Recreation Commission
Saginaw County Parks and Recreation Commission is a county-wide government organization founded by William H. Haithco Sr. in 1969. Haithco then served as chairman from 1972 to 1999. The organization operates six parks throughout the county - Imerman Memorial Park, Veterans Memorial Park, Ringwood Forest, Price Nature Center, William H. Haithco Recreation Area, and The Saginaw Valley Rail Trail. These parks comprise over 550 acres, including 18 miles of hiking trails, two boat launches, four fishing access sites, a swimming beach, picnic shelters, and recreation programs.

Economy
The largest employers in Saginaw County are:

Transportation
Saginaw County was the destination of a Sauk footpath that became one of the first roads in what is now Michigan, the Saginaw Trail. The trail, first authorized in 1819, was completed to Saginaw in 1841. Since then, Saginaw's access to the outside world has expanded with the development of maritime, rail, air, and freeway links to the major cities of Michigan and neighboring states and nations.

Airports
Scheduled airline service is available from MBS International Airport near Freeland, Michigan and Bishop International Airport in Flint, Michigan. Harry Browne Airport in Buena Vista Charter Township also serves the region.

Highways

 * , a major north–south freeway running from Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan to Miami-Dade County, Florida
 * , a business route freeway from Interstate 75 passing through downtown Saginaw
 * runs from I-69 through downtown Saginaw and north to Standish.
 * is a cross peninsular road, running across the mitten and the thumb—from Port Sanilac on the Lake Huron shore; through Saginaw near Saginaw Bay; and then on to Muskegon on the Lake Michigan shore. This east-west surface route nearly bisects the Lower Peninsula of Michigan latitudinally.
 * passes through the western suburbs and provides a direct connection to MBS International Airport in Freeland before ending at US 10 in nearby Bay County.
 * runs from the Ohio border through Adrian and Owosso before ending at M-46, in the western suburbs of Saginaw. M-52 also provides an alternate connection to Lansing, Michigan's state capitol.
 * runs from M-47 to I-675.
 * runs east from M-13 to Caro and Cass City and ends at M-53 in Sanilac County.
 * runs from M-25 in downtown Bay City to M-58 in Saginaw.
 * runs from M-47 to I-675.
 * runs east from M-13 to Caro and Cass City and ends at M-53 in Sanilac County.
 * runs from M-25 in downtown Bay City to M-58 in Saginaw.
 * runs east from M-13 to Caro and Cass City and ends at M-53 in Sanilac County.
 * runs from M-25 in downtown Bay City to M-58 in Saginaw.
 * runs from M-25 in downtown Bay City to M-58 in Saginaw.

Maritime
The Saginaw River is maintained by the Corps of Engineers, and from time to time, dredged to maintain a shipping channel down the river to Bay City, and from there, to the Great Lakes.

Public schools
Most of Saginaw County is served by the Saginaw Intermediate School District (SISD), which coordinates the efforts of local boards of education, but has no operating authority over schools. Local school boards in Michigan retain great autonomy over day-to-day operations. A number of charter schools also operate in the county.

School districts in the county (including any with any territory, no matter how slight, even if the schools and/or administration are in other counties) include:

 * Ashley Community Schools
 * Bay City School District
 * Birch Run Area School District
 * Breckenridge Community Schools
 * Bridgeport-Spaulding Community School District
 * Carrollton School District
 * Chesaning Union Schools
 * Clio Area School District
 * Frankenmuth School District
 * Freeland Community School District
 * Hemlock Public School District
 * Merrill Community Schools
 * Montrose Community Schools
 * New Lothrop Area Public School
 * Ovid-Elsie Area Schools
 * Reese Public Schools
 * Saginaw City School District
 * Saginaw Township Community Schools
 * St. Charles Community Schools
 * Swan Valley School District

Former school districts include:
 * Buena Vista School District

Higher education

 * Saginaw Valley State University (SVSU) is a four-year state university located in eastern Kochville Township.
 * Delta College is a two-year community college that serves Saginaw County, but is located in neighboring Bay County, a few miles to the north of the SVSU campus.

Notable natives

 * George C. Hinkley (1892-1936), Wisconsin State Assemblyman and businessman, was born in Saginaw County.
 * Theodore Roethke (1908–1963) Pulitzer prize and National Book Award-winning poet was born and buried here.

Historical markers
There are twenty eight recognized historical markers in the county: They are:
 * Bliss Park
 * Burt Opera House / Wellington R. Burt
 * Coal Mine No. 8
 * The Cushway House / Benjamin Cushway and Adelaide Cushway
 * First Congregational Church [Saginaw]
 * Fowler Schoolhouse (Fremont Township)
 * Frankenmuth / Saint Lorenz Evangelical Lutheran Church
 * Frankenmuth Bavarian Inn
 * Freeland United Methodist Church
 * George Nason House
 * Hess School
 * Hoyt Library
 * Leamington Stewart House
 * Michigan's German Settlers
 * Morseville Bridge
 * Presbyterian Church of South Saginaw
 * Saginaw Club
 * Saginaw Oil Industry
 * Saginaw Post Office
 * Saginaw Valley Coal
 * Saginaw Valley Lumbering Era
 * St. Mary's Hospital
 * Saint Michael Catholic Parish
 * St. Paul's Episcopal Mission
 * Shroeder House
 * Theodore Roethke / Childhood Home

Cities

 * Frankenmuth
 * Saginaw (county seat)
 * Zilwaukee

Villages

 * Birch Run
 * Chesaning
 * Merrill
 * Oakley
 * Reese (partially)
 * St. Charles

Charter townships

 * Bridgeport Charter Township
 * Buena Vista Charter Township
 * Saginaw Charter Township

Civil townships

 * Albee Township
 * Birch Run Township
 * Blumfield Township
 * Brady Township
 * Brant Township
 * Carrollton Township
 * Chapin Township
 * Chesaning Township
 * Frankenmuth Township
 * Fremont Township
 * James Township
 * Jonesfield Township
 * Kochville Township
 * Lakefield Township
 * Maple Grove Township
 * Marion Township
 * Richland Township
 * Spaulding Township
 * St. Charles Township
 * Swan Creek Township
 * Taymouth Township
 * Thomas Township
 * Tittabawassee Township
 * Zilwaukee Township

Census-designated places

 * Bridgeport
 * Buena Vista
 * Burt
 * Freeland
 * Hemlock
 * Robin Glen-Indiantown
 * Shields

Other unincorporated communities

 * Alicia
 * Blumfield Corners
 * Brady Center
 * Brant
 * Chapin
 * Clausedale
 * Crow Island
 * Dice
 * Fenmore
 * Fergus
 * Fordney
 * Fosters
 * Frankentrost
 * Frost
 * Galloway
 * Garfield
 * Gera
 * Groveton
 * Indiantown
 * Iva
 * Kochville
 * Lakefield
 * Lawndale
 * Layton Corners
 * Luce
 * Marion Springs
 * Morseville
 * Nelson
 * Orr
 * Racy
 * Paines
 * Parshallburg
 * Roosevelt
 * Shattuckville
 * Swan Creek
 * Taymouth

title: Saginaw County, Michigan


text:
Talk:New Hampshire

Drug infested Den
I am from the UK.

Why did President Trump call New Hampshire a "drug infested den"? What does that mean? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.224.32.138 (talk) 16:39, 4 August 2017 (UTC)

 * "Drug infested" is a reference to the Opioid epidemic and "den" is a reference to an Opium den. See also the phrase "den of vice", among others. Cooljeanius (talk) (contribs) 04:10, 15 March 2018 (UTC)

External links modified (February 2018)
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"New Hampshre" listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect New Hampshre. Please participate in the redirect discussion if you wish to do so. Steel1943 (talk) 22:44, 20 September 2019 (UTC)

"New Hampster" listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect New Hampster. Please participate in the redirect discussion if you wish to do so. Steel1943 (talk) 22:44, 20 September 2019 (UTC)

too much information in massive chart!
An editor just added a very large chart showing complete racial/ethnic and age breakdown of the five biggest cities/towns in the state - in my humble opinon that is WAY too detailed information for the general state article. If necessary it could be broken out into a separate article but it doesn't belong here, I'd say. Any thoughts? - 16:21, 14 March 2021 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by DavidWBrooks (talk • contribs)

I understand your concern, DavidWBrooks. It's important to maintain the relevance and readability of Wikipedia articles. While detailed information can be valuable, it's essential to strike a balance. If this chart significantly detracts from the general state article's readability or overwhelms it with data, considering a separate article might be a reasonable suggestion. It's always a good practice to engage in constructive discussions and find a consensus within the Wikipedia community. What are the thoughts of others on this matter? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 207.96.13.213 (talk) 18:55, 23 January 2024 (UTC)

I think this data is fine where it is. It doesn't really impact the readability of the article. Garsh (talk) 23:45, 6 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:New Hampshire


text:
Roscommon County, Michigan

Roscommon County ( ) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 23,459. The county seat is Roscommon. The county was founded in 1840 and organized in 1875.

History

The county was formed by the Michigan Legislature in 1840 as Mikenauk County, then renamed Roscommon County in 1843. It was administered by Michilimackinac (Mackinac), Cheboygan, and Midland counties, in succession, prior to the organization of county government in 1875. Roscommon County was named after County Roscommon, Ireland.

There are three official Michigan historical markers in the county:
 * Gerrish
 * Pioneer House
 * Terney House

Geography
According to the US Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 580 sqmi, of which 520 sqmi is land and 60 sqmi (10%) is water. Roscommon County is considered to be part of Northern Michigan. Part of Michigan's Au Sable State Forest falls within the county. The US Forest Service's Roscoe Fire Management Unit includes Ogemaw and Roscommon Counties.

Geographic features
During prehistoric times, glacial action helped shape the Michigan-area terrain. A large portion of the area is the Grayling outwash plain, which includes sandy ice-disintegration ridges; jack pine barrens, white pine-red pine forest, and northern hardwood forest. Large lakes were created by glacial action.

Prominent geographic features include:
 * Au Sable River
 * Backus Creek
 * Cut River
 * Dead Stream Flooding
 * Higgins Lake
 * Houghton Lake
 * Houghton Lake Flats
 * Lake St. Helen
 * Marl Lake
 * Roscommon Virgin Pine Stand – a 160 acre parcel within the Au Sable State Forest, 8 mi north of St. Helen, Michigan, and 8 miles east of Roscommon. An old-growth stand of red pine, which includes a former national champion red pine.
 * Underground oil deposits

Major highways

 * (future)
 * – runs south, SE, and east through the NE middle portion of county.
 * – runs north–south through west portion of county. Passes on west side of Higgins and Houghton Lakes.
 * – runs north–south through center of county. Passes Roscommon and Prudenville. Leaving Roscommon, runs east along north line of county for 5.6 mi before turning to NE.
 * – runs east–west through center of county to intersection with I75, 7 mi west of east line of county.
 * – short (1.1 mi) north-south spur connecting M18 to M55, east of Houghton Lake.
 * – runs south from Prudenville. Exits the county on the line between Clare and Gladwin counties.

Airports

 * Houghton Lake State Airport is located in Roscommon Township.
 * Roscommon County–Blodgett Memorial Airport is located in Markey Township.

Adjacent counties

 * Crawford County – north
 * Oscoda County – northeast
 * Ogemaw County – east
 * Gladwin County – southeast
 * Clare County – southwest
 * Missaukee County – west
 * Kalkaska County – northwest

Village

 * Roscommon (county seat)

Civil townships

 * Au Sable Township
 * Backus Township
 * Denton Township
 * Gerrish Township
 * Higgins Township
 * Lake Township
 * Lyon Township
 * Markey Township
 * Nester Township
 * Richfield Township
 * Roscommon Township

Census-designated places

 * Houghton Lake
 * Prudenville
 * St. Helen

Other unincorporated communities

 * Artesia Beach
 * Au Sable River Park
 * Geels
 * Higgins Lake
 * Hillcrest
 * Houghton Lake Heights
 * Houghton Point
 * Keno
 * Loxley
 * Lyon Manor
 * Maple Valley
 * Meads Landing
 * Michelson
 * Nellsville
 * Sharps Corner
 * Tent City

Demographics
At the 2000 United States census, there were 25,469 people, 11,250 households, and 7,616 families residing in the county. The population density was 49 /mi2. There were 23,109 housing units at an average density of 44 /mi2. By the 2020 census, the county's population was 23,459.

In 2000, the racial makeup of the county was 97.99% White, 0.32% Black or African American, 0.64% Native American, 0.19% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.10% from other races, and 0.72% from two or more races. 0.80% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 24.4% were of German, 12.7% English, 9.9% Irish, 9.2% Polish, 9.2% American and 6.7% French ancestry. 97.2% spoke English as their first language. Those citing "American" ancestry in Roscommon County are of overwhelmingly English extraction, however most English Americans identify simply as having American ancestry because their roots have been in North America for so long, in some cases since the 1600s.

Attractions and events
The community is centered in the area of two very large lakes, in the middle of large state forests. Wildlife are nearby, including bear, deer, eagles, Kirtland's warblers, and turkeys. Local attractions and activities include:
 * Birding
 * Bluegill Festival each summer in St. Helen
 * Boating, paddling (canoe and kayak)
 * Firemen's Memorial Festival, an annual event (September) since 1979.
 * Fishing
 * Golf
 * Hiking
 * Historical Village Days, an annual event (August) held on the grounds of the Houghton Lake Historical Village & Playhouse, since in 1972.
 * Hunting
 * Kirtland Warbler Habitat and Festival is an annual (held in May) event hosted by Kirtland Community College.
 * Michigan Shore-to-Shore Trail, a 500 mi system of interconnected trails, passes through the area. It runs from Empire to Oscoda, and points beyond.
 * Nordic skiing
 * ORV and groomed snowmobile trails
 * Sailing
 * Tip-up-town winter festival, Houghton Lake, an annual event (held in January).

Government
Roscommon County voters tend to vote Republican; they have selected the Republican Party nominee in 74% of national elections (25 of 34).

The county government operates the jail, maintains rural roads, operates the major local courts, records deeds, mortgages, and vital records, administers public health regulations, and participates with the state in the provision of social services. The county board of commissioners controls the budget and has limited authority to make laws or ordinances. In Michigan, most local government functions — police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance, etc. — are the responsibility of individual cities and townships.

Elected officials

 * Prosecuting Attorney: Michael Edwards
 * Sheriff: Ed Stern
 * County Clerk/Register of Deeds: Michelle Stevenson
 * County Treasurer: Rebecca A. Ragan
 * Drain Commissioner: Pamela Bale

(information as of January 2021)

title: Roscommon County, Michigan