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Lawrence, Nassau County, New York

Lawrence is a village in Nassau County, New York, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the village population was 6,483.

The Village of Lawrence is in the southwestern corner of the Town of Hempstead, adjoining the border with the New York City borough of Queens to the west and near the Atlantic Ocean to the south. Lawrence is one of the "Five Towns", which consist of the villages of Lawrence and Cedarhurst, the hamlets (unincorporated areas) of Woodmere and Inwood, and "The Hewletts", which is made up of the hamlet of Hewlett together with the villages of Hewlett Bay Park, Hewlett Harbor and Hewlett Neck, along with Woodsburgh.

Old Lawrence
Old Lawrence, or Back Lawrence, is a part of the Village of Lawrence, comprising many large homes, mansions, beach side villas and former plantations with very large property, a few dating back to the time of the American Revolution. This area, like Hewlett is unique because its rural affluence is similar in character to the more well known Gold Coast of the North Shore instead of being more urbanized like the rest of the South Shore of Nassau County. An interesting pre-Revolutionary home on Long Island, Rock Hall, was home to two prominent families, the Martins and Hewletts, and is now an active museum.

Beginning in 1869, a railroad line was completed which originated in New York City and ran through the part of Long Island now called The Five Towns. Part of the land in that area was acquired by three brothers with the surname "Lawrence," which is who the Village was eventually named after. During the second half of the 19th century, it was a main vacation spot for the wealthy families until the 1890s. A series of hurricanes and nor'easters altered the coastline considerably and destroyed a large beachfront hotel. Lawrence could no longer boast direct access to the sands along the Atlantic Ocean. At the same time, Lawrence began to become a suburb, a village with schools, public facilities, better roads and a large town area that expanded into what it is now today.

In 1897, Lawrence incorporated as a village. This enabled it to gain local control of zoning.

Lawrence, or most notably Old Lawrence, was formerly home to a large upper class of White Anglo-Saxon Protestant families who lived there since the time of the American Revolution. From the 1940s to 1980s, it became a center of Reform and Conservative Jewish life that included the largest Reform synagogue on Long Island (Temple Israel). Many noteworthy residents grew up in Lawrence during this period.

In the late 1980s, it saw a large migration of Modern Orthodox Jews. The Orthodox Jewish communities are close to the more Haredi nearby center of Far Rockaway which has more yeshivas for the children and younger members as well as a variety of kosher restaurants and communal organizations. Central Avenue in Lawrence (and its continuation in Cedarhurst) has a large and growing number of kosher restaurants and other business catering to the Orthodox community.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 4.7 square miles (12.1 km2), of which 3.8 square miles (10.0 km2) is land and 0.8 square mile (2.2 km2)  (17.91%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 6,522 people, 2,113 households, and 1,629 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,694.6 PD/sqmi. There were 2,287 housing units at an average density of 594.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 95.2% White, 1.1% African American, <0.1% Native American, 1.7% Asian, <0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.0% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.4% of the population.

There were 2,113 households, out of which 37.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.7% were married couples living together, 5.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.9% were non-families. 20.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.09 and the average family size was 3.62.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 32.6% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 20.3% from 25 to 44, 24.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.7 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $104,845, and the median income for a family was $129,779. Males had a median income of $99,841 versus $41,094 for females. The per capita income for the village was $51,602. About 4.3% of families and 6.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.2% of those under age 18 and 5.8% of those age 65 or over.

Government
The Village of Lawrence is governed by an elected mayor and board of trustees. The present mayor is Alex H. Edelman, elected in 2014. The board of trustees consists of 5 members, including the mayor. Members of the board of trustees are:
 * Alex H. Edelman - mayor
 * Paris C. Popack - deputy mayor
 * Eliezer Kutner - trustee
 * Aaron M. Parnes - trustee
 * Tammy M. Roz - trustee

Lawrence recently enacted term limits for the village board. The mayor may only serve three 2-year terms, and trustees are limited to four 2-year terms.

Representation in government

 * Township - Town of Hempstead, Councilman Missy Miller.
 * County - Nassau County, Bruce Blakeman, County Executive
 * New York State Legislature - Senate, 9th District, Todd Kaminsky, Senator
 * New York State Legislature - Assembly, 20th District, empty, Assemblywoman Melissa “Missy” Miller (R)
 * United States Congress - New York's 4th district, Anthony D’Esposito, Representative
 * United American Government Congress

Education
The Lawrence Public Schools, School District 15, serve the communities of Atlantic Beach, Cedarhurst, Inwood, Lawrence, and sections of North Woodmere, Woodmere and Woodsburgh.

The Hebrew Academy of the Five Towns and Rockaway, is a K-12 Modern Orthodox school where students study Jewish and secular subjects in a dual curriculum. The Pre-School, Kindergarten and Elementary schools are located on one campus on Frost Lane and Washington Avenue.

The Brandeis School is a conservative Jewish Day School located in Lawrence.

Mesivta Ateres Yaakov is a yeshiva located in Lawrence.

Rambam Mesivta, located on Frost Lane, is for grades 9-12 where students learn a dual curriculum of Jewish and secular studies.

Lawrence is also home to the Shor Yoshuv Institute, a Rabbinical College with several hundred students.

Transportation
The Lawrence station provides Long Island Rail Road service on the Far Rockaway Branch to Penn Station in Midtown Manhattan and Atlantic Terminal in Brooklyn with connections at Jamaica to other parts of Long Island.

The buses of Nassau Inter-County Express run down Central Avenue extending southwest into Far Rockaway (with a connection to the  of the New York City Subway at Far Rockaway – Mott Avenue) and northeast to the Hempstead Transit Center in central Nassau County with connections to other parts of Long Island.

Lawrence is connected to Atlantic Beach to the south, across Reynolds Channel via the Atlantic Beach Bridge.

Emergency services
The Nassau County Police Department provides police services in Lawrence and most of Nassau County. Lawrence is part of the force's Fourth Precinct.

Lawrence is served by the EMS group named Hatzalah of Rockaway Lawrence (RL)

Lawrence is served by the Lawrence-Cedarhurst Fire Department. The LCFD consists of 85 volunteer firefighters and emergency medical technicians and provides fire protection to the villages of Lawrence and Cedarhurst, as well as the North Lawrence Fire District and East Lawrence Fire District. The LCFD also responds to alarms such as car accidents and aided cases on the Atlantic Beach Bridge.

Notable people
Notable current and former residents of Lawrence include:
 * Ben Ashkenazy (born 1968/69), American billionaire real estate developer
 * Stuart Beck (1946-2016), lawyer and diplomat for Palau who helped negotiate the Compact of Free Association, which established Palau as an independent nation in free association with the United States in 1994
 * Avi Berkowitz (born 1988), Special Assistant to Jared Kushner and President Donald Trump, who participated in the formation of the Abraham Accords
 * Bruce Blakeman (born 1955), First Presiding Officer of the Nassau County Legislature
 * Benjamin Brafman (born 1948), criminal defense attorney
 * Beatrice Burstein (1915-2001), first female New York State Supreme Court Justice on Long Island, prominent public servant
 * John Burstein (born 1950), children's television personality who created the character Slim Goodbody
 * Karen Burstein (born 1942), politician and former judge who was the unsuccessful Democratic nominee for New York State Attorney General in 1994
 * Michael Cohen (born 1966), personal attorney for Donald Trump, was raised in Lawrence
 * Marc Stuart Dreier (born 1950), lawyer convicted for his involvement in a Ponzi scheme
 * Bill Etra (1947-2016), live video pioneer and the co-inventor (with Steve Rutt) of the Rutt/Etra Video Synthesizer
 * Rockie Gardiner (1938-2008), psychic, was raised in Lawrence
 * Karen Friedman Hill (born 1946), whose life with mobster Henry Hill was chronicled in the 1990 film Goodfellas
 * Jacob H. Horwitz, (1892-1992), businessman, philanthropist and a fashion innovator who was one of the first to specialize in junior miss and teenage clothing
 * Donna Karan (born 1948), fashion designer
 * Arthur Kopit (1937–2021), playwright, best known for Wings, Nine and Oh Dad, Poor Dad
 * Arthur L. Liman (1932-1997), lawyer and chief counsel for the Senate Iran-Contra hearings
 * Peggy Lipton (1946-2019), actress best known for her role in The Mod Squad
 * Steve Madden (born 1958), shoe designer
 * Nancy McCartney, third wife of Beatle Paul McCartney lived in Lawrence with her first husband Bruce Blakeman.
 * Alana Newhouse (born 1976), editor of Tablet Magazine
 * Aaron Russo (1943–2007), entertainment businessman, film producer, director and political activist
 * Israel Singer (born 1942), rabbi and professor who has held leadership posts in several international Jewish organizations
 * Maxine Stuart (1918-2013), actress
 * Spencer Suderman (born 1966), airshow pilot and Guinness World Record holder
 * Lil Tecca (born 2002), hip hop and rap artist
 * Bradley Tusk (born 1973), founder of Tusk Strategies, a political and strategic consulting firm based in New York City
 * Rob Weiss, director/producer of Amongst Friends and Entourage
 * Leslie West (1945-2020), of the hard rock group Mountain

title: Lawrence, Nassau County, New York


text:
Levittown, New York

Levittown is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the Town of Hempstead in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York. It is a suburb of New York City, located halfway between the villages of Hempstead and Farmingdale. The CDP had a total population of 51,758 at the time of the 2020 census, making it the most populous unincorporated CDP in Nassau County and the second most populous CDP on Long Island, behind Brentwood.

Levittown gets its name from its builder, the firm of Levitt & Sons, Inc. founded by Abraham Levitt on August 2, 1929, which built the district as a planned community for returning World War II veterans between 1947 and 1951. Sons William and Alfred served as the company's president and chief architect and planner, respectively. Levittown was the first truly mass-produced suburb and is widely regarded as the archetype for postwar suburbs throughout the country. William Levitt, who assumed control of Levitt & Sons in 1954, is considered the father of modern suburbia in the United States.

There have been multiple proposals in the past to incorporate Levittown either as a village or as the third city in Nassau County.

Overview
The building firm, Levitt & Sons, headed by Abraham Levitt and his two sons, William and Alfred, built four planned communities called "Levittown", in New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Puerto Rico; the Levittown in New York was the first. Additionally, Levitt & Sons' designs are featured prominently in the older portion of Buffalo Grove, Illinois; Vernon Hills, Illinois; Willingboro Township, New Jersey; the Belair section of Bowie, Maryland; and the Greenbriar section of Fairfax, Virginia.

The Levitt firm began before World War II, as a builder of custom homes in upper middle-class communities on Long Island. During the war, however, the home building industry languished under a general embargo on private use of scarce raw materials. William "Bill" Levitt served in the Navy in the Seabees – the service's construction battalions – and developed expertise in the mass-produced building of military housing using uniform and interchangeable parts. He was insistent that a postwar building boom would require similar mass-produced housing, and was able to purchase options on large swaths of onion and potato fields in undeveloped sections of Long Island.

Returning to the firm after war's end, Bill Levitt persuaded his father and brother to embrace the utilitarian system of construction he had learned in the Navy. With his brother, Alfred, who was an architect, he designed a small one-floor house with an unfinished "expansion attic" that could be rapidly constructed and as rapidly rented to returning GIs and their young families. Levitt & Sons built the community with an eye towards speed, efficiency, and cost-effective construction; these methods led to a production rate of 30 houses a day by July 1948. They used pre-cut lumber and nails shipped from their own factories in Blue Lake, California, and built on concrete slabs, as they had done in a previous planned community in Norfolk, Virginia. This necessitated negotiating a change in the building code which, prior to the building of this community, did not permit concrete slabs. Given the urgent need for housing in the region, the town agreed. Levitt & Sons also controversially utilized non-union contractors in the project, a move which provoked picket lines. On the other hand, they paid their workers well and offered multiple incentives that allowed them to earn extra money, so that they often could earn twice as much a week as elsewhere. The company also cut out middlemen and purchased many items, including lumber and televisions, directly from manufacturers. The building of every house was reduced to 26 steps, with sub-contractors responsible for each step. His mass production of thousands of houses at virtually the same time allowed Levitt to sell them, with kitchens fully stocked with modern appliances, and a television in the living room, for as little as $8,000 each (equal to $ today), which, with the G.I. Bill and federal housing subsidies, reduced the up-front cost of a house to many buyers to around $400 (equal to $ today).

The planned 2,000 home rental community was quickly successful, with the New York Herald Tribune reporting that half of the properties had been rented within two days of the community being announced on May 7, 1947. As demand continued, exceeding availability, the Levitts expanded their project with 4,000 more homes, as well as community services, including schools and postal delivery. With the full implementation of federal government supports for housing, administered under the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), the Levitt firm switched from rental to sale of their houses, offering ownership on a 30-year mortgage with no down payment and monthly costs the same as rental. The resulting surge in demand pressed the firm to further expand its development, which changed its name from Island Trees to Levittown shortly thereafter.

Levittown was designed to provide a large amount of housing at a time when there was a high demand for affordable family homes. This suburban development would become a symbol of the "American Dream" as it allowed thousands of families to become home owners.

Unsuccessful incorporation proposals
In 1952, Carl Sigman, who was running as the Democratic candidate for County Executive, stated that he felt it would be wise for Levittown to incorporate itself as a city. If successful, the never-realized Incorporated City of Levittown would have been the third city to incorporate within Nassau County, joining Glen Cove and Long Beach.

Previously, locals had proposed incorporating their hamlet as a village.

Discriminatory practices
As well as a symbol of the American Dream, Levittown would also become a symbol of racial segregation in the United States, due to Clause 25 of the standard lease agreement signed by the first residents of Levittown, who had an option to buy their homes. This "restrictive covenant" stated in capital letters and bold type that the house could not "be used or occupied by any person other than members of the Caucasian race."

Such discriminatory housing standards were consistent with government policies of the time. The Federal Housing Administration allowed developers to justify segregation within public housing. The FHA offered mortgages only to non-mixed developments, which discouraged developers from creating racially integrated housing. Before the sale of Levittown homes began, the sales agents were aware that no applications from black families would be accepted. As a result, American veterans who wished to purchase a home in Levittown were unable to do so if they were black.

William Levitt attempted to justify their decision to only sell homes to white families by saying that it was in the best interest for business. He claimed their actions were not discriminatory but intended to maintain the value of their properties. The company explained that it was not possible to reduce racial segregation while they were attempting to reduce the housing shortage. Levitt said "As a Jew, I have no room in my heart for racial prejudice. But the plain fact is that most whites prefer not to live in mixed communities. This attitude may be wrong morally, and someday it may change. I hope it will." The Levitts explained that they would open up applications to blacks after they had sold as many homes to white people as possible. They believed that potential white buyers would not want to buy a house in Levittown if they were aware they would have black neighbors.

Though the Levitts were Jewish, they did not wish to sell homes to Jewish families either; despite this, by 1960, although it was still a completely "white" suburb, the population of Levittown was roughly a third Jewish, with the remainder about a third Catholic, and a third Protestant.

An opposition group was formed, the Committee to End Discrimination in Levittown, to protest the restricted sale of Levittown homes, and to push for an integrated community. In 1948 the United States Supreme Court, in Shelley v. Kraemer, declared that property deeds stipulating racial segregation were "unenforceable as law and contrary to public policy". Only well after the 1954 racial integration decisions, including Brown v. Board of Education, was Levittown racially integrated, and even as late as the 1990 census, only a tiny fraction of the community was non-white. Starting primarily in the 2010s, Levittown's demographics have been shifting as it has been attracting middle-class South Asian and Hispanic residents to the community.

Spread of the planned community
While the Levitts are generally credited with designing a postwar "planned community," with common public amenities such as swimming pools and community centers, they were quick to release these high-maintenance, low-profit elements to the surrounding towns; the development sprawled across municipal boundaries, causing legal and administrative difficulties and requiring major initiatives within those existing municipalities to provide for and fund schools, sewage and water systems, and other infrastructure elements.

In 1949, Levitt and Sons changed focus, unveiling a new plan which it termed a "ranch" house. Larger, 32 by, and more modern, these homes were only offered for sale, with a planned price of $7,990 (equal to $ today). The ranch homes were similar to the rental properties in that they were built on concrete slabs, included an expandable attic but no garage, and were heated with hot-water radiant heating pipes. Five models were offered that were effectively identical with differences in details such as exterior color and window placement. Again, demand was high, requiring that the purchasing process be streamlined as the assembly process had been, reaching the point that a buyer could walk through the process of selecting a house through contracting for its purchase in three minutes. This ranch model was altered in 1950 to include a carport and a built-in television. In 1951, a partially finished attic was added to the design.

Levittown proved successful. By 1951, it and surrounding regions included 17,447 homes constructed by Levitt & Sons.

On November 9, 2007, Levitt & Sons of Fort Lauderdale became the nation's largest builder to file for bankruptcy as the housing market boom of the early 21st century continued to crumble.

Timeline

 * February 12, 1664: Jerusalem Purchase between John Seaman and Takapausha of the Massapequan Indians whereupon the English were granted rights to settle in on lands that now comprise southern and easternmost Levittown (south of Hempstead Tpke.), northern and eastern Wantagh, and most of Seaford. As Seaman established his farm, Cherrywood, two years later, near the current location of Salk Middle School and MacArthur High School, he was the first European to live in what's now Levittown. This is the start of the use of the word "Jerusalem" to describe the aforementioned areas.
 * March 22, 1747: Land deed between the Seaman and Weeks families first to mention the Island of Trees endowing the general area of northern Levittown with the name "Island Trees".
 * March 1, 1837: Rail service arrives at Hicksville under the supervision of Valentine Hicks. The ensuing influx of German immigrant farmers and artisans opens the future Levittown area up to potato farming and other forms of development.
 * February 11, 1907: William Levitt born to Abraham Levitt and Pauline Biederman Levitt in Brooklyn.
 * May 21, 1947: Local governing board approves of the construction of a community that would become Levittown.
 * October 1, 1947: Levittown's official beginning as a suburban entity with the first three hundred families – beginning with the Bladykas family – moving into their brand-new Levitt & Sons homes.
 * January 1, 1948: The Jerusalem/Island Trees area is officially named "Levittown".

Place in American culture
As the first and one of the largest mass-produced suburbs, Levittown quickly became a symbol of postwar suburbia. Although Levittown provided affordable houses in what many residents felt to be a congenial community, critics decried its homogeneity, blandness. Today, "Levittown" is used as a term to describe overly sanitized suburbs consisting largely of identical housing. Similarly, places have earned names like "Levittown-of-X" or "Levittown-on-the-X" as seen in Long Island's Bayville "Levittown on the Sound" and Fire Island's Dunewood "Levittown on the Bay." Oddly enough, although Levittown is remembered largely for its homogeneity, the majority of houses in Levittown have by now been so thoroughly expanded and modified by their owners that their original architectural form can be somewhat difficult to see; however, with diligent observation, several original examples can still be seen today. Levittown continues to hold a reputation of being an affordable, family-centered community.

Levittown has become so ingrained in American culture that the Smithsonian Institution in Washington has expressed interest in displaying an entire Levittown house. Bill Yeingst, a historian with Smithsonian's National Museum of American History Domestic Life Division, said "An original ranch model would be ideal. We would like someone to donate their Levittown house, or we would like to find a donor to provide the funds so that we could secure a Levittown house." He noted that "The stories played out in suburban Levittown are the stories of America. They are stories important to everyone." Although "None of this is set in concrete," according to Yeingst, "the Levittown house would be dismantled at the site, transported to Washington and reconstructed. Then it would be exhibited along with other innovations in American home life."

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 6.9 square miles (17.8 km2), all land. It does not conform to the U.S. Postal Service boundaries nor to the extent of the development built by Levitt & Sons; it also includes areas built by other developers.

Levittown, New York, is an unincorporated area in Nassau County, New York. It can be defined in three overlapping but non-conforming ways. The most common use is Levittown as defined by the United States Postal Service's Zip Code 11756. Another definition is the extent of the Levitt & Sons development built from 1947 to 1951. A third is the Census Designated Place (CDP) called Levittown as defined by the United States Census Bureau.

The United States Postal Service ZIP code called Levittown, New York, is 11756 and what is most commonly used to mean Levittown, New York. It does not include all the houses built in this area by Levitt & Sons and it does include houses built by other developers. The actual Levitt built development sprawls over three other postal zones, Wantagh NY (11793) and Westbury, NY (11590) in the Town of Hempstead, and Hicksville, NY (11801) in the Town of Oyster Bay.

Climate
Levittown has a hot-summer humid continental climate (Dfa) and average monthly temperatures in the central CDP in the vicinity of Hempstead Turnpike (NY 24) and Jerusalem Avenue range from 31.6 F in January to 74.5 F in July. The hardiness zone is borderline between 7a and 7b, meaning that the average annual absolute minimum temperature is approximately 5 F.

Demographics
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 51,758 people, 16,833 households, and 14,031 families residing in the community. The population density was 7,598.1 PD/sqmi. There were 17,447 dwelling units at an average density of 2,531.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 75.7% White, 9.3% Asian, 1.3% Black, less than 0.1% Native American, and less than 0.1% Pacific Islander. Hispanics or Latinos of any race made up 16.3% of the population.

In the community, the population was spread out, with 18.2% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 31.4% from 25 to 44, 23.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.4 males. The median income for a household in the community was $124,995, and the median income for a family was $132,887 (these figures had risen from $95,979 and $99,845 respectively as of a 2007 estimate). Males had a median income of $94,803 versus $79,962 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $45,917. 1.0% of the population and 0.1% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 0.2% of those under the age of 18 and 0.3% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.

Education
Levittown is served primarily by two public school districts, the Island Trees Union Free School District with approximately 2,574 students and the Levittown Union Free School District with approximately 7,380 students. A small portion of the northwest corner of the hamlet is served by the East Meadow Union Free School District. The Island Trees Union Free School District serves northeastern Levittown, and portions of Bethpage, Seaford and Plainedge. The district hosts Island Trees High School, Island Trees Memorial Middle School, Michael F. Stokes Elementary School, and J. Fred Sparke Elementary School.

In 1982, Island Trees gained national attention from the United States Supreme Court case Board of Education v. Pico. The case determined that students' first amendment rights were violated when the school board removed several books it found objectionable from the high school's library.

The Levittown Union Free School District, which also serves North Wantagh and the northern portion of Seaford, has two high schools: Division Avenue and General Douglas MacArthur, one career and technical institute: Gerald R. Claps Career & Technical Center, two middle schools: Wisdom Lane and Jonas Salk, and six elementary schools: Abbey Lane, East Broadway, Gardiners Avenue, Lee Road, Northside, and Summit Lane. The Levittown School District dates back to the 19th century, originally called the Jerusalem School District of the Town of Hempstead.

Private schools include the Maria Montessori School, The Progressive School of Long Island, and the South Shore Christian Elementary and Secondary School located in the former Geneva M Gallow Elementary School building. Vocational schools available are the Brittany Beauty School, Hunter Business School, and the New York Chiropractic College.

Transportation
Although there is no passenger rail service in Levittown proper, the Long Island Rail Road provides service from the Hicksville and Bethpage stations on its Main Line and from the Wantagh and Bellmore stations on the Babylon Branch.

Levittown, along with the remainder of Nassau County, is served by the Nassau Inter-County Express (NICE) bus system along Hempstead Turnpike.

Republic Airport, in neighboring East Farmingdale, handles general aviation and charter services; the nearest commercial airports are Long Island MacArthur Airport in Ronkonkoma and John F. Kennedy International Airport and LaGuardia Airport in New York City proper.

Major roads
NY 24 runs west–east directly through the town, otherwise known as Hempstead Turnpike. This road features many prominent chains as well as locally owned family businesses, it is the busiest and most congested road in Levittown.

Wantagh Parkway marks the western border of Levittown, with an exit onto Loring Road, a north–south local roadway. Gardiners Avenue also runs north-south through the center of the town, which becomes Jerusalem Avenue north of NY 24. Wantagh Avenue is the main north-south road on the eastern edge of Levittown.

North Jerusalem Road (Old Jerusalem Road east of Gardiners Avenue) is a major west–east road that marks the southern border of Levittown to Wantagh.

Ambulance
The Wantagh-Levittown Volunteer Ambulance Corps provides paramedic level of care. Founded in 1956 by Homer K. Moore as a means for transport for the residents of Wantagh and Levittown, WLVAC provides emergency care on ambulances staffed with trained volunteers.

Fire
Levittown is protected by three volunteer fire departments, the Levittown Fire Department with 231 members operating out of 3 stations, Station 3 of the East Meadow Fire Department which covers portions of Levittown west of Division Avenue, and Station 2 of the Wantagh Fire Department which serves portions of Levittown South of Abbey Lane School.

Police
Levittown is patrolled by the eighth precinct of the Nassau County Police Department.

Notable people
People born in Levittown:

 * Brand New band members Jesse Lacey (1978), Vin Accardi, Brian Lane, and Garrett Tierney
 * Dan Cantor (1955- ), Socialist political leader and founder of the Working Families Party
 * Kevin Covais (1989– ), 5th season American Idol contestant, singer, actor
 * High School Football Heroes band members David Solomon, George Argyrou, Joe Masterson, Chris Askin, Jason Rutcofsky
 * Tom Kapinos (1969– ) screenwriter (Dawson's Creek), executive producer and creator of Californication
 * David B. Falk (1950– ), American sports agent who primarily works with basketball players in the National Basketball Association; Michael Jordan's agent for the entirety of his NBA career
 * Brian Kilcommons (1953– ), famous American dog trainer
 * Miss Understood (Alex Heimberg), drag artist, actor and businessperson
 * Adam Wurtzel (1985– ), television personality
 * Marc Kantor (1986– ), member of the band Patent Pending
 * Patricia Voulgaris (1991– ), photographer

People at one point living in Levittown:
 * "Irish" Bobby Cassidy (1944– ), professional boxer
 * David Catapano (1973– ), celebrity chef (Chopped), lived in Levittown, New York for much of his grade school years.
 * John A. Gambling (1930–2004), morning radio host on WOR-AM
 * Ellie Greenwich (1940–2009), Songwriter Hall of Fame, songwriter
 * Bill Griffith (1944– ), cartoonist (Zippy)
 * Peter Gruenwald (1912–1979), 1978 Lufthansa heist conspirator
 * Steve Israel (1958– ), politician, attended MacArthur High School
 * Billy Joel (1949– ), musician, lived in a Levitt-built house in Hicksville
 * Brian Kenny (1963– ), sportscaster on the MLB Network, SportsCenter, Friday Night Fights
 * Donnie Klang (1985– ), hip-hop singer (Take You There)
 * Cyril M. Kornbluth (1923–1958), Hugo- and Prometheus Award-winning science fiction writer (The Syndic)
 * Damian Maffei (1977– ), actor (Closed for the Season)
 * Eddie Money (1949–2019), musician (Two Tickets to Paradise), attended Island Trees High School though he lived in adjacent Plainedge, New York
 * Sterling Morrison (1942–1995), guitarist with The Velvet Underground
 * Bill O'Reilly (1949– ), political commentator, raised in a Levitt-built part of the adjacent community of Salisbury, also called South Westbury
 * Maureen Tucker (1944– ), drummer for the Velvet Underground

In popular culture

 * The 1954 Levittown documentary A City Is Born featured an interview with creator William J. Levitt, aerial views of the development, and a 45-second time-lapse sequence showing one of the houses being constructed.
 * In a 1960 Leave It to Beaver episode titled "Larry's Club" (Season 3, Episode 22), Ward Cleaver told his son, Beaver, a story about groups of villagers long ago who built castles to exclude fellow villagers in order to teach Beaver that it was wrong to exclude others from joining clubs. In the next scene, in response to Ward's question about what stories people in castles told their children, his wife, June, responded, "Probably stories about Levittown."
 * In 1962, singing comedian Allan Sherman poked fun in his album My Son, the Folk Singer with a parody of Harry Belafonte's Jamaica Farewell: "I'm upside down. My head is turning around. Cause I've got to sell the house, in Levittown."
 * In 1968, cartoonist Bill Hoest created The Lockhorns of Levittown – which was later shortened to The Lockhorns – a single-panel cartoon now syndicated to 500 newspapers in 23 countries.
 * Mad magazine's June, 1970, parody of Easy Rider, named "Sleazy Riders", has a character who muses about a commune, "Ain't America people livin' together, an' sharin' homes together, an' sharin' kids together, and sharin' backyards and wives together?", to which another replies, "That ain't America, Man! That's Levittown!"
 * In 1978, Bill Griffith wrote Is There Life After Levittown?, a comic story about growing up in Levittown featured in "Lemme Outa Here Comics"
 * Local high school teacher Gene Horowitz wrote the 1980 novel, The Ladies of Levittown, which "featured a titillating account of America's most famous suburb, scandalizing many residents, who recognized their own lives depicted in the pages."
 * In the 1982 musical, Little Shop of Horrors, Audrey, the slum dwelling heroine, dreams of a home "Somewhere that's Green", in which she sings "not fancy like Levittown"
 * Billy Joel's 1982 album The Nylon Curtain shows an aerial view of Levittown on the inner sleeve. His 1989 song "Leningrad" mentions Levittown.
 * The 1985 W. D. Wetherell published short story, The Man Who Loved Levittown, was published in a collection of the same name. The Library Journal reviewed the story (an O'Henry prizewinner) as "a World War II vet buys a house in Levittown where he spends the best years of his life. His wife has died, his grown children have left, and one by one his neighbors are selling out and moving to Florida. Beneath the talky, narrative voice of this story you discover the internal logic of a man pushed beyond reason to a desperate act".
 * Oliver Stone's 1989 movie Born on the Fourth of July, has two marines from the U.S. Marine "recruiting station in Levittown" do a recruitment presentation in protagonist Ron Kovic's high school class.
 * Tim Burton's 1990 movie Edward Scissorhands featured a suburbian plot that should replicate the look and feel of Levittown ("The director had envisioned replicating Levittown, New York, the archetype of postwar suburbanization[...]. Carpenters Run[...] matched that 1950s design.").
 * Stewart Bird's 1994 documentary Building The American Dream: Levittown, NY explores Levitt's vision of rapidly constructing inexpensive tract homes, including rare archival footage and photos, an interview with Levitt and the reminiscences of numerous Levittown residents (including singer Billy Joel).
 * October 24, 1997, Wonderland, a satirical documentary film about Levittown, produced and directed by John O'Hagan, premiered at the TriBeCa Film Festival. A review in The New York Times said of it: "The collective picture that emerges suggests a smug city slicker's condescending view of what could be almost any American small town."
 * Michael Chabon's 2000 novel, The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier and Clay, has Levittown paralleled by the fictional suburban community of "Bloomtown"
 * The 2003 PBS series Race: The Power of an Illusion by California Newsreel, documents systemic racism in the development of early suburbs including Levittown and nearby Roosevelt.
 * In Gilmore Girls Season 3 episode 14 "Swan Song" Lorelai, Alex, Sookie, and Jackson attend a fictional musical called Levittown in Manhattan, after which they mock the show's quality.
 * Anna Shapiro published a 2006 teen oriented book Living on Air. It's described by the publisher as about a girl "raised in Levittown, Long Island. By the time she attended high school she concluded her parents were colossal failures who hid in a community in which all exterior houses were identical to one another."
 * In 2006, Marc Palmieri's play Levittown was performed at the Axis Theater in New York. A review in the Village Voice wrote: "We don't typically quibble with Leo Tolstoy, but are unhappy families really so different? Or are they rather like the endless rows of postwar homes that William Levitt built on Long Island?" In July 2009 a to-scale reproduction of an original Levitt house was constructed at the Theatre at Saint Clement's in New York City for a revival of the play. The set was designed by Michele Spadaro. Steven McElroy of The New York Times wrote an article in the Sunday Arts and Leisure section, "That Family Room? It Has a Certain Star Quality" on July 8, 2009.
 * Levittown appeared on the February 2, 2010, episode entitled "Home Wrecked Home" of Life After People: The Series on the History Channel.
 * The song "The L-Town Shakedown (Levittown is for Lovers)" was released by the Long Island band Patent Pending on their 2006 album "Save Each Other, the Whales Are Doing Fine"
 * In 2008, Levittown was mentioned in the Planet P Project album Levittown (Go Out Dancing, Vol. II), an album based upon life in post-war America and the early space age and atomic age. The title song paints Levittown as an "American Dream" of conformity.
 * In 2014, Levittown appeared in the short documentary, Cash Mob for Avi, about a struggling stationery store owner and the community that banded together to help him.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Levittown, New York


text:
Lido Beach, New York

Lido Beach is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the Town of Hempstead in Nassau County, New York, United States. Located on the Long Beach Barrier Island, it is a suburb of the City of Long Beach, and is in the immediate metropolitan area. The population was 2,719 at the time of the 2020 census.

History
Lido Beach was developed by William H. Reynolds, in the early 1900s. The 39-year-old former state senator and real estate developer had already developed four Brooklyn neighborhoods (Bedford-Stuyvesant, Borough Park, Bensonhurst, and South Brownsville), as well as Coney Island's Dreamland, the world's largest amusement park. Reynolds also owned a theater and produced plays.

Beginning in 1906, he gathered investors and acquired the oceanfront from private owners and the rest of Long Beach island from the Town of Hempstead. He planned to build a boardwalk, homes, and hotels, and dredged Reynolds Channel to create the Long Beach, New York resort area. The dredging made the island more accessible to leisure boating.

The Lido Beach community was named after Venice Lido in Italy; "lido" means beach in Italian. In 1929, after Reynolds was defeated for re-election as the Long Beach mayor, he turned his attention to the unincorporated area just east of the city and constructed the Moorish-style Lido Beach Hotel.

Geography
Lido Beach is located between Long Beach and Point Lookout.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 4.3 sqmi, of which 1.7 sqmi is land and 2.5 sqmi, or 59.62%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2020, there were 2,719 people, 1,182 households, and 813 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,666.0 PD/sqmi. (As of 2020,) There were 1,302 housing units at an average density of 806.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 96.11% White, 0.57% African American, 1.59% Asian, 0.78% from other races, and 0.96% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.87% of the population.

There were 1,802 households, out of which 27.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.4% were married couples living together, 5.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.2% were non-families. 24.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.93.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 21.8% under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 21.0% from 25 to 44, 31.6% from 45 to 64, and 27.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 53.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.2 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $172,857, and the median income for a family was $107,365. Males had a median income of $77,193 versus $68,542 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $47,604. About 1.8% of families and 11.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.1% of those under age 18 and 8.4% of those age 65 or over.

Parks and recreation
Activities and attractions at Lido Beach include: Children's activities amenities, and attractions include:
 * Areas for barbecuing, picnicking, and large gatherings, "with long picnic tables shaded by canopies"
 * Carts are available for beachgoers to tote their gear (e.g., coolers and chairs) down to the "sandy beach shore"
 * Live entertainment: live concerts are held in the parking lot every summer weekday afternoon
 * Sports facilities on land: basketball, bocce, handball, shuffleboard, and volleyball courts
 * Water sports: "fishing is allowed in the early hours of the day, and special body boarding areas have been designated on the beach". Surfing is not allowed on Lido Beach but is permitted at Lido West.
 * Arts and crafts lessons
 * Spray pools
 * Storytelling programs

Notable people
(Alphabetized by surname)
 * Tekashi 6ix9ine, rapper rented a house before his 2018 arrest and after his 2020 release
 * Lester Bernstein, former editor-in-chief of Newsweek
 * Carol Burnett and family rented a house in the summer of 1963 in Lido Beach, on Pinehurst Street
 * Gregory Hines, dancer, actor, singer, and choreographer owned a weekend home on Luchon Street in the dunes section.
 * Steve Lawrence and Eydie Gorme lived in Lido Beach for many years
 * Rick Rubin, hip hop producer
 * Debbie Wasserman-Schultz, Democratic politician

In popular culture

 * The movie, Still Alice (2014), was partially filmed in Lido Beach.
 * The movie The Godfather was partially filmed at the Lido Beach Hotel in 1969.
 * The movie Teenage Mother was filmed in Lido Beach and Long Beach in the late 1960s.
 * The alternative rock band Lido Beach is named after the town. Singer/guitarist Scott Waldman is from Lido and previously played bass for The City Drive.

title: Lido Beach, New York


text:
Locust Valley, New York

Locust Valley is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located in the Town of Oyster Bay in Nassau County, on the North Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 3,406 at the 2010 census.

History
The rolling hills of the North Shore of Long Island were laid down as terminal moraines by the receding glaciers of the last ice age roughly 10,000 years ago. The Algonquian tribe that settled the area, spanning from Flushing to Setauket, called the area "hilly ground" or Matinecock and as a result the Algonquian Indians who settled there became known as the Matinecock Indians.

In 1667, Captain John Underhill negotiated with the Matinecock Indians to purchase land for a settlement that he and his fellow colonists would call Buckram. The town name lasted for nearly 200 years, until in 1856 the name was changed to Locust Valley based on the number of locust trees located in the area.

On April 19, 1869, the Long Island Rail Road opened the extension of the Glen Cove line, via a single track to Locust Valley, making it the terminus of the line until the railroad was extended to its current terminus in Oyster Bay in 1889.

With the arrival of the Long Island Rail Road, a commercial center developed and thrived around the Locust Valley station and the nearby intersection of Forest Ave/Buckram Road and Birch Hill Road. As the North Shore of Long Island grew into the Gold Coast in the early 20th century, the commercial center grew to serve the great estates that were being established in the surrounding communities of Bayville, Centre Island, Lattingtown, Mill Neck, Matinecock, Muttontown and The Brookvilles.

By 1927, the wealthy Harrison Williams had established himself at his 150 acre Delano & Aldrich designed estate "Oak Point" at Bayville, on nearby Pine Island. Weekend guests (which several times included Scott Fitzgerald, the Prince of Wales, Cecil Beaton & Winston Churchill) arriving at the Locust Valley Station were often fetched in one of his fleet of Rolls-Royce motorcars which would stop in the hamlet for last-moment provisions. At that time, Williams, a Wall Street tycoon, was considered the wealthiest American, and John Kenneth Galbraith wrote, in his book about the great depression, of Williams' pyramiding of utilities holding companies, "If there must be madness something may be said for having it on a heroic scale".

In the 1940s and 50s, Locust Valley was the country home of Robert A. Lovett, a partner (with Prescott Bush) in Brown Brothers Harriman Bank on Wall Street and a former United States Secretary of Defense; Elizabeth Shoumatoff, renowned portrait painter of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and other local luminaries; and finally, Leonard Hall, The National Chairman of the Republican Party. The hamlet was also a regular stop for rest and relaxation for Edward VIII and Cole Porter.

As the commercial center, with the railroad station for the surrounding Gold Coast communities, the geographically small Locust Valley became the name of reference for all surrounding areas between Glen Cove and Oyster Bay. This larger community, which now constitutes the Locust Valley School service area, was associated with  the upper-class accent prevalent on the great estates: "Locust Valley Lockjaw". While the accent is not heard as much as it once was, Locust Valley remains a social center for upper-class New Yorkers. Many are members of the exclusive clubs in the area: Piping Rock Club, The Creek, Beaver Dam and the Seawanhaka Corinthian Yacht Club.

Figures ranging from the Duke of Windsor to John Lennon to Franklin D. Roosevelt have spent considerable time in Locust Valley.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 0.9 sqmi, of which 0.9 sqmi is land and 0.04 sqmi (2.13%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,521 people, 1,279 households, and 915 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 3,832.0 PD/sqmi. There were 1,324 housing units at an average density of 1,441.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 86.51% White, 3.89% African American, 0.03% Native American, 1.99% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 5.68% from other races, and 1.87% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 14.54% of the population.

There were 1,279 households, out of which 33.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.1% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.4% were non-families. 22.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.75 and the average family size was 3.19.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 23.8% under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 32.2% from 25 to 44, 23.5% from 45 to 64, and 14.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.5 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $57,418, and the median income for a family was $70,592. Males had a median income of $51,115 versus $37,868 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $40,141. About 3.0% of families and 6.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.2% of those under age 18 and 2.7% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The Locust Valley Central School System is a K–12 public system which serves a large geographic area covering the Incorporated Villages of Lattingtown, Matinecock, Bayville, portions of Mill Neck, Muttontown, Brookville, and unincorporated Locust Valley. There are four school campuses which include Ann MacArthur Primary, Locust Valley Intermediate, Bayville Primary & Intermediate, and a shared Middle School-Upper School at Lattingtown. In May 2012, three major national publications, Newsweek, The Washington Post, and U.S. News & World Report, ranked the high schools in the United States. All of these identified Locust Valley High School as being one of the best high schools in the country. The rankings are as follows: Newsweek ranked Locust Valley High School #2 on Long Island; #6 in New York State; and #55 in the nation. US News & World Report ranked Locust Valley High School #4 on Long Island; #20 in New York State; and #99 in the United States. The Washington Post ranked Locust Valley High School #5 on Long Island; #11 in New York State; and #144 in the United States. Each publication uses different criteria in the selection process. The following are many of the college-readiness indicators that are used: graduation rates, college acceptance rates, the number of International Baccalaureate (IB) and Advanced Placement (AP) tests taken per student, the average score on IB and AP tests; student achievement levels; SAT scores; and State assessments.

In 2004, LVCSD began offering the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme (IB). In 2006, it had the first graduating class with IB Diploma recipients. In 2008, after an extensive national search the District appointed its current Superintendent Dr. Anna Hunderfund beginning July 1. Based on reported 2009-2010 IB/AP test participation data, Locust Valley High School is ranked 55th nationally, 10th in the northeast, and second on Long Island (behind Jericho) Magazine May 2012''.This ranking being out of some 27,000 public high schools nationally.

In 2011, John Benstock, a music teacher with the Locust Valley School District since 2000, was arrested and in 2013 he pled guilty to inappropriate contact with students at two Locust Valley elementary schools, after being charged with four counts of sex abuse and 10 counts of endangerment. The School District sued Benstock under a "faithless servant" theory, to claw back all compensation Benstock had earned during the period of time in which he allegedly engaged in criminal conduct.

The high school newspaper The Spectrum has won the Columbia Scholastic Press Association's and the Empire State Scholastic Press Association's Gold Award for excellence in student journalism. Each year the school awards the Patrick J. Goostrey Award to the graduating senior most outstanding in American history and student leadership.

The school's colors are Hunter (Dartmouth) Green and White. The school crest includes a falcon, as the athletic teams are known as The Falcons.

Landmarks
Locust Valley Cemetery is a private, non-denominational memorial designed by the Olmsted Brothers and incorporated in 1917. The Cock-Cornelius House, Matinecock Friends Meetinghouse, and George Underhill House are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Notable people

 * Paul Drennan Cravath
 * Frank Nelson Doubleday
 * John R. Gambling
 * Richard Grasso
 * Steven Hoffenberg
 * Rudyard Kipling
 * John Lennon
 * Henry Phipps Jr.
 * C. W. Post
 * Marjory Gengler
 * Franklin Delano Roosevelt
 * Harry Payne Whitney
 * Harrison Williams (entrepreneur)
 * William Kissam Vanderbilt
 * Julian Robertson
 * Lee Ainslie
 * Louis Bacon
 * Jabez A. Bostwick
 * Robert A. Lovett
 * William Robertson Coe
 * Theodore Roosevelt Jr.
 * Theodore Roosevelt III
 * Rand Araskog
 * John W. Davis
 * Ogden Phipps
 * Isobel Coleman
 * Fred Wilpon
 * John Havens
 * August Belmont Jr.
 * C. Z. Guest
 * F. Trubee Davison
 * Henry P. Davison
 * Ray Johnson
 * H. H. Kung
 * Madame Chiang Kai-Shek
 * Douglas A. Warner III
 * Irving Brokaw
 * William Woodward Sr.

title: Locust Valley, New York


text:
Long Beach, New York

Long Beach is an oceanfront city in Nassau County, New York, United States. It takes up a central section of the Long Beach Barrier Island, which is the westernmost of the outer barrier islands off Long Island's South Shore. As of the 2020 Census, the city's population was 35,029.

The City of Long Beach was incorporated in 1922, and is nicknamed "The City by the Sea" (the Latin form, Civitas ad mare, is the city's motto). The Long Beach Barrier Island is surrounded by Reynolds Channel to the north, east and west, and the Atlantic Ocean to the south.

In 2022, Long Beach was named one of the best East Coast towns for a summer getaway by Time Out magazine.

Pre-settlement
The city of Long Beach's first inhabitants were the Algonquian-speaking Lenape, who sold the area to English colonists in 1643. From that time, while the barrier island was used by baymen and farmers for fishing and harvesting salt hay, no one lived there year-round for more than two centuries. The bark Mexico, carrying Irish immigrants to New York, ran ashore on New Year's Day.

Austin Corbin, a builder from Brooklyn, was the first to attempt to develop the island as a resort. He formed a partnership with the Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) to finance the New York and Long Beach Railroad Co., which laid track from Lynbrook to Long Beach in 1880. That same year, Corbin opened Long Beach Hotel, a row of 27 cottages along a 1100 ft strip of beach, which he claimed was the world's largest hotel. In its first season, the railroad brought 300,000 visitors to Long Island. By the next spring, tracks had been laid the length of the island, but they were removed in 1894 after repeated washouts from winter storms.

20th century
In 1906, William H. Reynolds, a 39-year-old real estate developer and former state senator, became involved in the area. Reynolds had already developed four Brooklyn neighborhoods (Bedford–Stuyvesant, Borough Park, Bensonhurst, and South Brownsville), as well as Coney Island's Dreamland, the world's largest amusement park at the time. Reynolds also owned a theatre and produced plays.

He gathered investors, and acquired the oceanfront from private owners and the rest of the island from the Town of Hempstead in 1907; he planned to build a boardwalk, homes, and hotels. Reynolds had a herd of elephants marched in from Dreamland, ostensibly to help build the Long Beach Boardwalk; he had created an effective publicity stunt. Dredges created a channel 1000 ft wide on the north side of the island to provide access by large steamboats and seaplanes to transport more visitors; the new waterway was named Reynolds Channel. To ensure that Long Beach lived up to his billing it "The Riviera of the East", he required each building to be constructed in an "eclectic Mediterranean style", with white stucco walls and red-clay tile roofs. He built a theatre called Castles by the Sea, with the largest dance floor in the world, for dancers Vernon and Irene Castle.

After Reynolds' corporation went bankrupt in 1918, the restrictions were lifted. The new town attracted wealthy business people and entertainers from New York and Hollywood.

On July 29, 1907, a fire broke out at the Long Beach Hotel and burned it to the ground. Of the 800 guests, eight were injured by jumping from windows, and one woman died. The fire was blamed on defective electric wiring. A church, several cottages, and the bathing pavilion were also destroyed. Trunks belonging to the guests, which had been piled on the sand to form "dressing rooms", were looted by thieves. A dozen waiters and others were apprehended by the police, who recovered $20,000 worth of jewelry and other stolen property.

The community became an incorporated village in 1913 and a city in 1922.

In 1923, the prohibition agents known simply as Izzy and Moe raided the Nassau Hotel and arrested three men for bootlegging. In 1930, five Long Beach Police officers were charged with offering a bribe to a United States Coast Guard officer to allow liquor to be landed. The police had another problem a year later in the summer of 1931, when a beachcomber found the body of a young woman named Starr Faithfull, who had drowned. She had left behind a suicide note, but others believed she had been murdered, and the circumstances of her death were never resolved. Corruption became rampant in Long Beach by then; in 1922, the state Legislature designated Long Beach a city, and William H. Reynolds was elected the first mayor. Soon afterward, Reynolds was indicted on charges of misappropriating funds. When he was found guilty, the clock in the tower at city hall was stopped in protest. When a judge released Reynolds from jail later that year on appeal, almost the entire population turned out to greet him, and the clock was turned back on.

On November 15, 1939, Mayor Louis F. Edwards was fatally shot by a police officer in front of his home. Officer Alvin Dooley, a member of the police motorcycle squad and the mayor's own security detail, killed Edwards after losing his bid for PBA president to a candidate the mayor supported. Jackson Boulevard was later renamed Edwards Boulevard in honor of the late mayor. After the murder, the city residents passed legislation to adopt a city manager system, which still exists to this day. The city manager is hired by and reports to the City Council.

In the 1940s, José Ferrer, Zero Mostel, Mae West, and other famous actors performed at local theaters. John Barrymore, Humphrey Bogart, Clara Bow, James Cagney, Cab Calloway, Jack Dempsey, Lillian Roth, Rudolph Valentino, and Florenz Ziegfeld lived in Long Beach for decades.

By the 1940s and 1950s, with the advent of cheap air travel attracting tourists to more distant places, and air-conditioning to provide year-round comfort, Long Beach had become primarily a bedroom community for commuters to New York City. It still attracted many summer visitors into the 1970s. The rundown boardwalk hotels were used for temporary housing for welfare recipients and the elderly until a scandal around 1970 led to many of the homes losing their licenses. At that time, government agencies were also "warehousing" in such hotels many patients released from larger mental hospitals. They were supposed to be cared for in small-scale community centers. The 2.2 mi boardwalk had a small amusement park at the foot of Edwards Boulevard until the 1980s. In the late 1960s, the boardwalk and amusement park area was a magnet for youth from around Long Island, until a police crackdown on drug trafficking ended that. A few businesses remained on the boardwalk, attracting bicyclists, joggers, walkers, and people-watchers.

Beginning in the 1980s and accelerating in the 1990s, Long Beach began an urban renewal, with new housing, new businesses, and other improvements. Today, the city is again a popular bedroom community, for people working in New York who want the quiet beach atmosphere. With summer come local youths and college students and young adults who rent bungalows on the West End; they frequent the local bars and clubs along West Beech Street. Just behind the boardwalk near the center of the city, however, vacant lots now occupy several blocks that once housed hotels, bathhouses, and the amusement park. Because attempts to attract development (including, at one time, Atlantic City-style casinos) to this potential "superblock" have not yet borne fruit, the lots constitute the city's largest portion of unused land.

21st century
On October 29, 2012, Hurricane Sandy struck Long Beach. As a result of flooding, hundreds of vehicles were destroyed and houses suffered various levels of damage. The estimated cost of all the damage was over $250 million. The city was without power and running water for two weeks after the storm. The boardwalk was also destroyed during the storm. The city began rebuilding the boardwalk with grants from FEMA and the State of New York. The first two-block section of the new Long Beach boardwalk reopened on July 26, 2013, and the entire boardwalk opened on October 25, 2013. The final costs of rebuilding the boardwalk were $44 million, of which ca. $39 million were FEMA grants and the final $4.4 million were reimbursed by the state.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.90 sqmi. Of its total area, 2.22 sqmi is land, and the rest is water.

Long Beach Barrier Island
The city is on a barrier island of the South Shore of Long Island. It shares the island with East Atlantic Beach, Atlantic Beach to the west and Lido Beach and Point Lookout to the east.

Climate
Long Beach has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) under the Köppen climate classification, with humid hot summers and cool winters. It is one of the northernmost locations in this climate zone, allowing for the growth of warmer climate plants like Mimosa, Crape Myrtle, Southern Magnolia, and Sweetgum. It is in plant hardiness zone 7b. Precipitation is evenly distributed year-round, mostly in the form of rain although snowfall occurs each winter. Long Beach is vulnerable to tropical cyclones. Its climate is tempered by the influence of the Atlantic Ocean.

Cityscape
Unlike most communities near New York City, Long Beach is a high-density community. Fewer than 40% of the homes are detached houses, and the city ranks as the 35th-densest community in the United States – ahead of larger cities like Chicago, Miami, and Philadelphia. The city is less than 1 mi wide from ocean to bay and about 3.5 mi long. The city is divided into the West End, home to many small bungalow and some large houses, and the East End. West of New York Avenue, the barrier island is less than 0.5 mi wide and West Beech Street is the main east/west commercial street.

East of New York Avenue, the island is wider between the bay and ocean and is home to larger more expansive family houses. There is the city's boardwalk, which begins at New York Avenue and ends at Neptune Boulevard. Along the boardwalk are many apartment buildings and condos. The main commercial strip is Park Avenue, which narrows into a small residential strip west of New York Avenue.

City divisions and districts
The city of Long Beach contains the following neighborhoods:
 * Central District – The area between Magnolia Boulevard and Monroe Boulevard, known for its diverse population and historical hip hop scene. Long Beach's City Hall is located in this area as well as the Martin Luther King Center and Emergency Department at Long Beach.

 * The East End – The district between Monroe Boulevard and Maple Boulevard or Curley Street, significant for its historical immigrant population.

 * The President Streets – The area comprising 9 north-south avenues of which 5 are named after former U.S. presidents, with the 4 exceptions of Atlantic, Belmont, and Mitchell Avenues, and Pacific Boulevard; Pacific Boulevard connects directly from Park Avenue to East Broadway, a parallel road to the south.

 * The West End – The district between New York Avenue and East Atlantic Beach. This area is home to many small bungalows and large houses close to one other, along small narrow streets. These streets, named after U.S. states, run from the beach to the bay, until they meet East Atlantic Beach at Westholme Ave.

Neighborhoods and enclaves

 * The Walks – An area comprising extremely narrow sidewalks between houses. Each walk is named after a month.

 * North Park – The area north of Park Avenue, between the LIRR Station and Monroe Boulevard. Home to the Long Beach Housing Authority, M Block, and Pine Houses.

 * The Canals – The area comprising several streets running north-south, with 4 parallel canals originating from Reynolds Channel. The canals begin on Forrester Street and end on Curley Street, each canal except for Bob Jones Canal is traversed by a short bridge carrying East Pine Street.
 * West Side - The area between the LIRR train tracks and Magnolia Boulevard.

 * Kennedy Plaza – An area in the Central District, at the intersection of National Boulevard and West Chester Street.

 * Westholme – The neighborhood between New York Avenue and Magnolia Boulevard.

 * Pine Houses – Popularly known as "P Block", it is the housing project complex quartered in East Pine Street between Rev JJ Evans Blvd and Long Beach Road. It is infamous for being the historical breeding and battle ground for Long Beach hip hop artists, and is home to many diverse residents of Long Beach.

 * M Block – Area in the Central district consisting of the area of and around North Monroe Blvd and Market Street. This area is known for its notable population of Caribbean and Latino migrants that moved to the neighborhood around the 1960s.

National Register of Historic Places
Multiple sites in Long Beach are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, including:

 * Barkin House
 * Cobble Villa
 * Granada Towers
 * House at 226 West Penn Street
 * Pauline Felix House
 * Samuel Vaisberg House
 * United States Post Office

Landmarks and historic districts
The city of Long Beach contains the following landmarks and historic district:

 * 9/11 Memorial
 * Holocaust Memorial at Kennedy Plaza
 * John F. Kennedy Memorial
 * Red Brick District

Museums and community centers

 * House at 226 West Penn Street (also known as Long Beach Historical & Preservation Society Museum)
 * Martin Luther King Community Center

Demographics
The 2010 U.S. census determined there were 33,275 people residing in the city, and the 2019 American Community Survey estimated the population increased to 33,454. At census of 2000, there were 35,462 people, 14,923 households, and 8,103 families residing in the city. The local population was spread out at 15022 PD/sqmi as of 2010. In 2000, the population density was 16594.9 PD/sqmi. Also in 2000, there were 16,128 housing units at an average density of 7547.3 /sqmi. If only residential area is counted, the population density rises to 17,341 per square mile (44,913.19/km2).

In 2019 there were an average of 2.31 persons per household, and the median household income was $97,022. Long Beach had a per capita income of $53,579 from 2015 to 2019 and 6.7% of its population lived at or below the poverty line. In 2000, there were 14,923 households, out of which 21.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.0% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.7% were non-families. 36.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 3.02.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 18.5% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 34.4% from 25 to 44, 23.8% from 45 to 64, and 16.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.6 males. The median income for a household in the city was $56,289, and the median income for a family was $68,222. Males had a median income of $50,995 versus $40,739 for females. The per capita income for the city was $31,069. About 6.3% of families and 9.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.2% of those under age 18 and 10.7% of those age 65 or over.

Race and ethnicity
The racial and ethnic makeup of the city of Long Beach was 71.9% non-Hispanic white, 6.2% Black or African American, 0.2% American Indian or Alaska Native, 2.7% Asian, 2.8% two or more races, and 16.3% Hispanic and Latin American of any race. Out of the total population, 52.2% were female and 13.4% of the total population was foreign-born from 2015 to 2019. In 2000, the racial makeup of the city was 84.20% White, 6.18% African American, 0.21% Native American, 2.32% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 4.75% from other races, and 2.26% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12.80% of the population.

Religion
According to Sperling's BestPlaces, 67.7% of the population of Long Beach were religious as of 2021. The majority of the religious population are Christian and the Catholic Church is the largest single denomination. The second largest Christian group is Protestantism and the single largest Protestant denomination as of 2021 was Lutheranism. The third largest religion practiced in the city is Judaism, followed by Islam. Eastern faiths including Hinduism and Buddhism are also prevalent in the city, while the remainder of the population is irreligious or atheist.

Crime
According to the USA District Attourney's Office at Eastern New York, gangs present a prevalent criminal threat within the city. In March of 2016, sixteen members of the Latin Kings gang were arrested in connections with narcotics trafficking, in particular, cocaine, crack, "molly", and illegal marijuana. In another instance, 5 men from Long Beach and Hempstead were arrested in Westbury in a gang-related shooting. In June, 2023, a rapper by the name of YungUsh, whose real name was Shawn Usher, was killed with multiple gunshot wounds near the Channel Park Homes projects as likely a result of gang violence. In Long Beach, the most prominent gangs are the P Block Demons, Latin Kings, and the MS-13 Long Beach Lokotes.

Government

The current City Manager (2024) is Dan Creighton. He was preceded by:

 * 2023 – Ron Walsh, Acting (concurrently Long Beach Police Commissioner)
 * 2020 – 2022 Donna Gayden
 * 2019 – 2020 Rob Agostisi, Acting (former chief legal counsel)
 * 2012 – 2018 Jack Schnirman

The Long Beach City Council consists of five elected members who are currently (2024):

 * Brendan Finn, President (R)
 * Chris Fiumara, Vice President (R)
 * John D. Bendo (D)
 * Roy Lester (D)
 * Michael Reinhart (R)

Public safety and emergency services
The city has a comprehensive emergency services structure consisting of multiple organizations, including the Long Beach Police Department, Long Beach Fire Department, Long Beach Lifeguards, Animal Control and Emergency Medical Services (LBFD), Long Beach Auxiliary Police Department.

City municipalities
The city of Long Beach has an extensive parks and recreation program led by Joseph Brand II. Within the offerings include, but are not limited to the Ice Arena, Summer Camps, Pool, Races and is most well known for its Ocean Beach Park. Long Beach's Ocean Beach Park (OBP) is managed under the supervision of Nichole Landry. All city parks and recreation programs are found online at longbeachny.gov.

Public schools
The Long Beach City School District serves the city of Long Beach and parts of the Town of Hempstead with one primary high school, one middle school, one prekindergarten, and four elementary schools. They also operate an "alternative" high school at the NIKE missile site on a campus shared with the district's transportation services.

The schools of Long Beach City School District are:

 * Long Beach Pre-Kindergarten
 * West Elementary School
 * East Elementary School
 * Lido Elementary School
 * Lindell Elementary School
 * Long Beach Middle School
 * Long Beach High School
 * Harriet Eisman Community School

Private schools

 * Long Beach Catholic Regional School
 * Mesivta of Long Beach

Post-secondary education

 * Rabbinical College of Long Island

Public libraries
The Long Beach Public Library serves greater Long Beach with the main library downtown and two branch libraries at Point Lookout and the West End.

Buses and trolleys
Long Beach Bus operates a 24-hour municipal bus service with five routes, including three routes serving the city, one overnight circulator route, and one route extending service to Lido Beach and Point Lookout. Long Beach Bus also operates two seasonal trolley routes, East Loop and West Loop.

Nassau Inter-County Express (NICE) has two bus routes that originate in Long Beach. The n15 and n33 travel to Roosevelt Field and Far Rockaway, via Rockville Centre and Atlantic Beach, respectively. The n33 does not provide service wholly within Long Beach.

Railroad
The Long Island Rail Road operates a terminal station at Park Place and Park Avenue with service on the railroad's Long Beach Branch. All other public transportation services in Long Beach converge at this terminal. Most trains run to Penn Station (Manhattan) or Atlantic Terminal (Brooklyn).

Notable people

 * Lil Peep (born Gustav Elijah Åhr, 1996-2017), rapper and singer, raised in Long Beach from 2001 to 2016.
 * Monsta Island Czars, rap group formed by MF Grimm and MF Doom from Long Beach.
 * MF Doom (born Daniel Dumile, 1971-2020), hip-hop recording artist/producer, raised in Long Beach.
 * Larry Brown (born 1940), basketball star and coach, graduated from Long Beach High School.
 * Mike Portnoy, drummer of Dream Theater.
 * Oso Oso, rock/pop punk band from Long Beach.
 * Cipher, hardcore punk band from Long Beach.
 * Maurice Mitchell (born 1979), is an American activist and member of hardcore punk band, Cipher.
 * Loring Buzzell (1927–1959), music publisher and record label executive.
 * Vernon and Irene Castle, dance pioneers who introduced dances such as tango and foxtrot to the US in the 1910s; they lived in Long Beach and operated a nightclub called "Castles By the Sea".
 * Don & Juan, R&B vocal duo active in the 50s and 60s.
 * Alan Colmes (1950–2017), political analyst formerly on Hannity & Colmes, resided in Long Beach
 * Billy Crystal (born 1948), film and television actor who was raised in Long Beach
 * Pete Johnson (born 1954), running back who played eight seasons in the NFL, primarily with the Cincinnati Bengals
 * Lisanne Falk (born 1964), former child model and actress
 * Amy Fisher (born 1974), also known as the "Long Island Lolita"
 * Mike Francesa (born 1954), WFAN 660AM New York City radio host, was born and raised in Long Beach.
 * Jason Freeny (born 1970), toy designer
 * Larry Garrison, film and television producer, journalist
 * James "Scottie" Graham (born 1969) former Ohio State and NFL player, grew up in Long Beach and graduated from the high school
 * Roger Gengo (born 1992), music entrepreneur
 * Rocky Graziano (1919–1990), boxer, lived in Long Beach for many years
 * Smith Hart (1948-2017), professional wrestler, member of the Hart wrestling family.
 * Eleanor Holm (1913–2004), Olympic swimmer, movie star, star of the Aquacade, grew up in Long Beach
 * Richard Jaeckel (1926–1997), television and film actor who starred in The Dirty Dozen, was born in Long Beach
 * Derek Jeter (born 1974), former New York Yankees shortstop and former team captain, lived in Long Beach
 * Joan Jett (born 1958), rock singer
 * Hal Kanter (1918–2011), TV writer
 * John Lannan (born 1984), pitcher for the New York Mets
 * Allard K. Lowenstein (1929–1980), congressman, anti-Vietnam War leader, and liberal activist who represented it in Congress in the late 1960s
 * Charlie McAvoy (born 1997), defenseman for the Boston Bruins
 * Audrey Peppe (1917–1992), figure skater, member of three US Olympic teams, runner-up for the national championship.
 * Edgar J. Scherick (1924–2002), Creator of ABC's Wide World of Sports (American TV program), network television executive, film producer, and Emmy Award winning television producer, grew up in Long Beach and graduated from Long Beach High School.

title: Long Beach, New York


text:
Lynbrook, New York

Lynbrook is a village in the Town of Hempstead in Nassau County, on the South Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 20,438 at the time of the 2020 census.

History
The area currently known as Lynbrook has had other names, including Rechquaakie (originally), Parson's Corners, and Bloomfield. It was later named Pearsall's Corners, after Mr. Pearsall's General Store, because this store became a famous stagecoach stop for travelers coming from New York City to Long Island. Alternatively, it was called "Five Corners" because the stagecoach stop was at the crossing of Hempstead Avenue, Merrick Road, and Broadway. It became known as Lynbrook in 1894 and the village was incorporated in 1911. The name "Lynbrook" is derived by dividing "Brooklyn" into its syllables and transposing them, a tribute to the original home of many of the town's turn-of-the-century residents.

Since 1912, Lynbrook has been served by the Lynbrook Police Department. The Chief of the Department is Brian Palladino. Since 1879, the Lynbrook Volunteer Fire Department has served Lynbrook. The department has six firehouses around Lynbrook. The Chief of the Department is Christopher Kelly. Lynbrook is also served by its own Department of Public Works, which provides sanitation management. The superintendent is Phil Healey.

In 2008, three houses in Lynbrook were listed on the National Register of Historic Places: House at 251 Rocklyn Avenue, House at 474 Ocean Avenue, and House at 73 Grove Street. The Rockville Cemetery was listed in 2015.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 2.0 sqmi, all land.

Lynbrook neighbors Malverne to the north, Valley Stream to the west, Hewlett to the southwest, East Rockaway to the southeast, and Rockville Centre to the east.

2010 census
As of the 2010 census the population of the village was 85.3% White 77.7% Non-Hispanic White, 3.7% African American, 0.1% Native American, 4.5% Asian, 4.3% from other races, and 2.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 13% of the population.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 19,911 people, 7,369 households, and 5,239 families residing in the village. The population density was 9,960.8 PD/sqmi. There were 7,570 housing units at an average density of 3,787.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 92.08% White, 0.92% African American, 0.06% Native American, 2.99% Asian, 2.51% from other races, and 1.44% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.28% of the population.

There were 7,369 households, out of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.4% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.9% were non-families. 24.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.20.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 22.5% under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 30.4% from 25 to 44, 23.4% from 45 to 64, and 17.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.0 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $68,373, and the median income for a family was $88,023. Males had a median income of $50,795 versus $36,545 for females. The per capita income for the village was $27,211. About 2.5% of families and 4.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.6% of those under age 18 and 7.5% of those age 65 or over.

Village government
As of May 2022, the Mayor of Lynbrook is Alan C. Beach, the Deputy Mayor is Michael N. Hawxhurst, and the Village Trustees are Robert Boccio, Michael Habert, Michael N. Hawxhurst, and Ann Marie Reardon.

Town representation
Lynbrook is located in the Town of Hempstead's 4th Council District, which as of April 2024 is represented on the Hempstead Town Council by Laura A. Ryder (R–Lynbrook).

County representation
Lynbrook is located in Nassau County's 7th Legislative district, which as of April 2024 is represented in the Nassau County Legislature by Howard J. Kopel (R–Lawrence).

New York State Assembly
Lynbrook is located in the New York's 21st State Assembly District, which as of April 2024 is represented in the New York State Assembly by Brian F. Curran (R–Lynbrook).

New York State Senate
Lynbrook is located in the New York State Senate's 9th State Senate district, which as of April 2024 is represented in the New York State Senate by Patricia Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick (R–Malverne)

United States Congress
Lynbrook is located in New York's 4th Congressional District, which as of April 2024 is represented in the United States Congress by Anthony D'Esposito (R–Island Park).

United States Senate
Like the rest of New York, Lynbrook is represented in the United States Senate by Charles Schumer (D) and Kirsten Gillibrand (D).

Public education
School-aged children residing within the Village are eligible to attend one of the five public school districts that are within its boundaries: the East Rockaway Union Free School District, the Hewlett-Woodmere Union Free School District, the Malverne Union Free School District, the Lynbrook Union Free School District, and Valley Stream's school districts (including Valley Stream Central High School District), depending on where they reside within the village.

Private education
The village is also home to Our Lady of Peace Roman Catholic Elementary School.

Transportation
Long Island Rail Road service to the New York City boroughs of Manhattan, Queens and Brooklyn is available at the Lynbrook station, located off Sunrise Highway between Peninsula Boulevard and Broadway in the heart of the village. There is also the Westwood station, located off Whitehall Street.

Lynbrook is also served by the n4, n25, n31, and n32 bus routes. All four routes are operated by Nassau Inter-County Express (NICE) and travel through the village.

Television appearances

 * The sitcom Everybody Loves Raymond is set in Lynbrook. The fictional Marie and Frank Barone reside at 319 Fowler Avenue. Their son Raymond Barone and his family reside across the street at 320 Fowler Avenue, a real street in the center of town. The filming took place at Warner Bros. Burbank Studios in Burbank, California. Fowler Avenue, Lynbrook, NY August 8, 2022.jpg
 * In a Seinfeld episode, the gang mentions going to a mall in Lynbrook. There is no mall in Lynbrook, but Green Acres Mall is in nearby Valley Stream.
 * Lynbrook's Trainland on Sunrise Highway was prominently featured in The Sopranos episode, "The Blue Comet" (aired June 3, 2007), with many scenes shot inside the store.

Movie

 * Scenes from the motion picture After.Life, starring Christina Ricci, Liam Neeson and Justin Long, were filmed on Atlantic Avenue.

Notable people

 * Tex Antoine (1923–1983), early TV weatherman who would draw cartoons with the weather reports.
 * Raymond J. Barry (born 1939), actor, was raised in Lynbrook and attended Lynbrook High School.
 * Whittaker Chambers (1901–1961), Time magazine editor and former Communist-turned-anti-Communist activist, was raised in Lynbrook and lived there as an adult.
 * Alan Colmes (1950–2017), radio and television personality, was raised in Lynbrook.
 * Brian F. Curran, politician.
 * Edward Field, poet, was raised in Lynbrook and attended Lynbrook High School.
 * Joe Gatto, improv comedian, Impractical Jokers was a resident from Summer 2015 to 2019.
 * Bob "Captain Kangaroo" Keeshan (1927–2004) was born in Lynbrook.
 * Quint Kessenich, sportscaster for ABC and ESPN television covering lacrosse, basketball, football, hockey, wrestling and horse racing since 1993.
 * Tony Kornheiser, Pardon the Interruption television personality, was raised in Lynbrook.
 * Charles Nam, sociologist.

title: Lynbrook, New York


text:
Malverne, New York

Malverne is a village in the Town of Hempstead in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 8,514 at the 2010 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.0 sqmi, all land.

History
Malverne was originally settled by the Rockaway Indians at an unknown point in history, with the current Ocean Avenue serving as an Indian path. Western settlements can be dated back to the 1700s, when the Abrams, Bedell and Pearsall families first settled and began farming the area.

Norwood, as it was originally known, formed a movement to become an incorporated village in the early 1920s. This area originally consisted of the communities of North Lynbrook and Malverne Park Oaks. It is widely believed that residents of the now Malverne Park Oaks area did not wish to become part of the new village and therefore requested not to be included. North Lynbrook was believed to be removed from the borders by then New York Lieutenant Governor Jeremiah Wood, who lived in that area at that time and did not wish to be in an incorporated village.

A vote was taken and voters decided to form an incorporated village by an overwhelming majority.

The spelling of the name was originally Malvern, minus the "e" as in the English connection. When the Long Island Rail Road started service to Malvern they spelled the name Malverne, with the "e". Although Malvern attempted to fix the error, the village changed the name to Malverne, as so many people thought the name was spelled with the "e". This is a further indication of how important rail service was to villages across the country and how powerful their effects were felt upon them. The last farm in Malverne, Crossroads Farm at Grossman's was acquired by Nassau County and continues to operate as the last working farm in the village.

The name was changed from Norwood to Malverne because a Village of Norwood already existed in upstate New York. The name Malverne originates from Malvern, England. Alfred Wagg, the main developers from the Amsterdam Development and Land Corporation, had visited Malvern and liked the name.

Malverne's incorporation was finalized on April 13, 1921; however, it had been acting as a village since October 1920. The village has celebrated the 1921 anniversary at the 25-year, 50-year, and 75-year.

Malverne was originally made up of many different communities (under one incorporated village). The communities were mostly made up of the original farmer of that area and those he sold his land to. While it is no longer viewed the same way, some of the neighborhood names can be found in the street names.

The village's growth has been credited to two major events – the selling of farmland for development and the Long Island Rail Road. The Amsterdam Development Corporation is responsible for the building of many of the homes in the village. Today, there are over 3000 homes in the village.

Today, many of its residents commute to New York City via the two Long Island Rail Road stations in the village – Malverne and Westwood, both located on the West Hempstead Branch. After a three-year hiatus, weekend train service was restored to the branch in November 2014.

2010 census
As of the 2010 census the makeup of the village population was 88.4% White 83% Non-Hispanic White, 3.3% African American, 0.16% Native American, 4.2% Asian, 1.77% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.6% of the population.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 8,934 people, 3,106 households, and 2,534 families residing in the village. The population density was 8,499.1 PD/sqmi. There were 3,152 housing units at an average density of 2,998.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 92.04% White, 1.72% African American, 0.16% Native American, 3.10% Asian, 1.77% from other races, and 1.21% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.01% of the population.

There were 3,106 households, out of which 34.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 70.2% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.4% were non-families. 15.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.87 and the average family size was 3.21.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 23.1% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 26.9% from 25 to 44, 27.8% from 45 to 64, and 15.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.5 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $81,784, and the median income for a family was $87,197. Males had a median income of $53,077 versus $37,743 for females. The per capita income for the village was $31,418. About 1.0% of families and 1.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.7% of those under age 18 and 3.5% of those age 65 or over.

Government
The village is governed by a board of trustees of which the mayor sits as the chair. Each member of the board is elected to a four-year term of office. There is also a village judge that presides over violations of the village code. Elections are scheduled for the third Tuesday of March in odd numbered years.

Some current elected officials are: Mayor Timothy Sullivan and Village Justice James Frankie.

The mayor appoints a deputy mayor to act in his/her absence. She/he also appoints liaisons and/or commissioners to each department in the village. The office of mayor was originally called president.

Malverne considered a "full service" municipality with nearly all government services provided by the village itself. The Village hosts its own Police Department, Volunteer Fire Department (Norwood Hook, Ladder & Hose Company), Volunteer Ambulance Corps, Police Reserve, Department of Public Works, Emergency Management Commission, Public Library, Youth Board, and village television station – MalverneTV.

Safety record
Recent studies have found that Malverne is considered to be one of the safest communities in both the state and country. A report based on 2012 statistics place the village the second-safest in New York, behind only Briarcliff Manor.

Finances
In 2009, Standard & Poor's gave Malverne an AA+ credit bond rating, one of the highest ratings the financial institution gives out.

Notable people

 * Jason Michael Brescia – writer and director
 * Gil Clancy – legendary boxing trainer, commentator and International Boxing Hall of Famer
 * Tony Danza – actor
 * Francis T. Purcell – former Nassau County Executive
 * Ralph Flanagan – big-band leader
 * Woody Gelman – publisher
 * Jeffrey Goldberg – author and staff writer for The Atlantic Monthly
 * Ray Heatherton - stage and TV personality (The Merry Mailman), father of Joey Heatherton
 * Max Holden – magician
 * Dan Ingram – radio DJ
 * Stan MacGovern – comic strip cartoonist (Silly Milly)
 * Steven McDonald (1957–2017) – NYPD shooting victim, writer and speaker
 * Ole Olsen – Olsen and Johnson comedy team
 * Ralph Penza – television journalist
 * Atoosa Rubenstein – magazine editor
 * Rudy Rufer – New York Giants baseball shortstop
 * Frank Scoblete – author
 * Rick Shutter – drummer
 * Frank Springer – cartoonist
 * Charley Steiner – former ESPN sportscaster, current play-by-play voice for Los Angeles Dodgers
 * Anthony Tommasini (born 1948) – music critic and author
 * George R. Wodicka – biomedical engineering educator, researcher, entrepreneur, and academic administrator

title: Malverne, New York


text:
Malverne Park Oaks, New York

Malverne Park Oaks is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the Town of Hempstead in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 538 at the 2020 census.

History
The CDP was first created for the 2000 census.

While designated as one area, it is actually made up of three different, smaller communities: Malverne Park, Malverne Oaks South, and Malverne Oaks North.

When the Incorporated Village of Malverne was seeking to become an incorporated village in 1920, the residents from this area did not wish to become part of the new village and therefore remained a hamlet under the Town of Hempstead.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 0.1 sqmi, all land.

The Malverne Park section of the hamlet is more closely associated with the Village of Malverne as it falls within its fire and school districts as well as the Malverne ZIP code (11565).

The Malverne Oaks North and South sections of the hamlet, meanwhile, are linked more with West Hempstead for similar districting reasons and due to using a West Hempstead ZIP code (11552).

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 470 people, 175 households, and 145 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 4,002.1 PD/sqmi. There were 175 housing units at an average density of 1,490.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 90.64% White, 3.62% African American, 4.26% Asian, 1.28% from other races, and 0.21% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.45% of the population.

There were 175 households, out of which 34.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 72.0% were married couples living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 16.6% were non-families. 13.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family size was 2.94.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 22.8% under the age of 18, 4.5% from 18 to 24, 23.4% from 25 to 44, 30.2% from 45 to 64, and 19.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.1 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $91,208, and the median income for a family was $91,597. Males had a median income of $56,786 versus $31,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $34,379. None of the population or families were below the poverty line.

Education
Malverne Park Oaks is located within the boundaries of (and is thus served by) the Malverne Union Free School District and the West Hempstead Union Free School District. As such, children who reside within the hamlet and attend public schools go to school in one of these two districts, depending on where they reside within Malverne Park Oaks.

Transportation
The Southern State Parkway travels through and serves the hamlet, along its northern border.

title: Malverne Park Oaks, New York