text:
Au Sable Forks, New York

Au Sable Forks is a hamlet in Clinton County and Essex County, New York, United States. The northern half of the community, within Clinton County, is listed as the Au Sable Forks census-designated place (CDP) and had a population of 559 at the 2010 census.

Geography
Au Sable Forks is located on the border of Clinton and Essex counties at 44.44417°N, -73.67611°W (44.444063, −73.676013), centered on the point where the West Branch and the East Branch of the Au Sable River join to form the main confluence which flows into Au Sable Chasm and thence, into Lake Champlain.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP portion of Au Sable Forks has a total area of 6.6 km2, of which 0.06 km2, or 0.89%, is water.

New York State Route 9N passes through the center of the community, leading 11 mi northeast (downstream) to Keeseville and 6 mi southwest (upstream on the East Branch) to Jay. Plattsburgh is 28 mi to the northeast via NY-9N and Interstate 87.

The climate of Au Sable Forks is temperate, with it being very cold in winter and fairly hot in summer. Au Sable Forks is known for its repetitive history of floods, with those of 1996 and 2011 causing grievous damage – these were 15 and 18 feet above flood stage respectively. Since the 2011 flood caused by Hurricane Irene, ice jams, once common, have become less frequent because of the alteration in hydrogeology caused by the flood, which was the most massive one recorded.

On April 20, 2002, a 5.0–5.3 Mw earthquake occurred north of the town. The shallow dip-slip shock had a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII (Very strong) and caused damage to roads, bridges, buildings, and chimneys.

Demographics
As of the 2000 census, there were 670 people, 265 households, and 175 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 268.5 PD/sqmi. There were 294 housing units at an average density of 117.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.51% White, 0.30% African American, 0.15% Native American, and 1.04% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.15% of the population.

There were 265 households, out of which 33.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.2% were married couples living together, 10.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.6% were non-families. 29.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.16.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 27.6% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 29.1% from 25 to 44, 20.7% from 45 to 64, and 15.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.0 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $32,578, and the median income for a family was $37,500. Males had a median income of $30,859 versus $21,667 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $14,816. About 10.6% of families and 13.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.6% of those under age 18 and 14.8% of those age 65 or over.

People from Au Sable Forks are known as "Au Sable Forksters".

Community information
Au Sable is two, separate, French Words that translate to "Of Sand." "Au Sable" should never be clustered under any circumstances. Au Sable Forks is made up parts of two Townships, within two counties divided by the two branches of the Au Sable River at The Forks, where they merge into one confluence. It therefore corresponds to two County Seats. Black Brook Town Offices are located within Clinton Co. on North Main Street, with the County Seat in Plattsburgh, New York, while the Township of Jay Government Offices and the local Community Center is located within Essex County, on School Lane, with its County Seat located in Elizabethtown, New York. The community is served by the Au Sable Forks Volunteer Fire Department, as well as a volunteer Au Sable Forks Ambulance Team. Only one school remains open after the closure of Holy Name Catholic Schools on Main Street. The Au Sable Forks Elementary School is located on Church Lane, in Essex County. The Au Sable Valley High School is in Clintonville, NY, and serves both Jr. High and High School Students. There are three different denominational Churches found along Main Street, comprising Holy Name Catholic Church, United Methodist Church, and St. James Episcopal Church. The Au Sable Forks Health Care Facility is on Pleasant Street, and the Au Sable Valley Dental Service is North of Main Street. The Au Sable Forks Free Library is on Church Lane. The US Post Office is on Forge Street.

The former estate home of James Rogers of the J & J Rogers Company is located in the hamlet. James Rogers the 1st and John Weed were half brothers. They had the same father. James was born in October 1804 in Warren County, NY and John Weed was born in May 1813 in Caldwell, New York, known today as Lake George, New York. However, John did not legally have his father's surname of Rogers until 1844 when he became John Weed Rogers. The Rogers were prominent citizens originally from the Saratoga region, and business owners who settled in The Forks before 1830. Being earlier settlers, they established and operated the J & J Rogers Co., then purchased the Palmer Hill Iron Mines; they owned and operated the J&J Rogers Iron Co. consisting of their Rolling Mill Forge, the 4-fire East Forge on Forge Street, and the 6-fire Forge in the hamlet of Lower Jay. They operated the Iron Ore Mines on Palmer Hill, Kilns in Swastikia, their huge Charcoal Kiln at Taylor Pond, Company Stores in Au Sable Forks and in the Black Brook Hamlet. Their Industrial Era businesses consisted of the J & J Rogers Co. Pulp Mill, the Hydro Electric Dam at that 1897 Pulp Mill that was in the County of Essex, in Au Sable Forks. The Robeson Acid Plant and the 1901 Paper Mill were across the Au Sable River in the County of Clinton, but still in Au Sable Forks, NY. They employed numerous people dating backing to the establishing Au Sable Forks, as their businesses thrived. They constructed Company Houses for their employees and their families. In Oct. 1970, the economy of the bustling village nearly disappeared after the closure of the huge Paper Mill. It was the end of that Industrial Era. Many men from there were and remain today employed by NYS Dept. of Law Enforcement as Correctional Officers and some as NYS Troopers.

Au Sable Forks made national headlines in 1987 with the disappearance and subsequent murder of 17-year-old Kari Lynn Nixon, whose story was featured on Unsolved Mysteries.

title: Au Sable Forks, New York


text:
Beekmantown, New York

Beekmantown is a town in Clinton County, New York, United States. The population was 5,545 at the 2010 census. The town name is that of William Beekman, an original landowner. It is on the eastern border of the county, just north of Plattsburgh.

History
The land was first settled circa 1783. The town was formed in 1820 from the town of Plattsburgh. Part of Beekmantown was lost in 1854 when the town of Dannemora was established.

During the War of 1812, some skirmishes took place in the town, in 1814.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 180.3 km2, of which 156.5 km2 is land and 23.8 km2, or 13.22%, is water.

The eastern town line runs through the center of the west channel of Lake Champlain and is the state border with Vermont.

The Adirondack Northway (Interstate 87) and U.S. Route 9 are major north-south highways in the eastern part of Beekmantown. Access from I-87 is via Exit 40 halfway between the northern and southern town borders. New York State Route 22 and New York State Route 190 are north-south highways west of the interstate. Clinton County Route 58, known locally as Spellman Road, is an east-west highway.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 5,326 people, 2,004 households, and 1,476 families residing in the town. The population density was 88.1 PD/sqmi. There were 2,210 housing units at an average density of 36.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.63% White, 0.71% African American, 0.17% Native American, 0.28% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.24% from other races, and 0.94% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.01% of the population.

There were 2,004 households, out of which 36.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.2% were married couples living together, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.3% were non-families. 18.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.3% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 30.9% from 25 to 44, 25.8% from 45 to 64, and 9.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.3 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $42,555, and the median income for a family was $45,915. Males had a median income of $34,716 versus $22,040 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,792. About 11.0% of families and 12.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.6% of those under age 18 and 5.8% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Beekmantown

 * Beartown – A location southwest of West Beekmantown.
 * Beekmantown (or "Beekmantown Corners") – The hamlet of Beekmantown is located near the geographic center of the town on NY-22.
 * East Beekmantown – A hamlet southeast of Beekmantown hamlet on NY-22.
 * Gilroy Corners – A location south of West Beekmantown.
 * Ingraham – A hamlet on the northern town line, located on US-9.
 * Lawliss Corners – A hamlet on the southern town line.
 * Monty's Bay Wildlife Management Area – A conservation area by Point au Roche.
 * Point au Roche – A peninsula into Lake Champlain, as well as the name of a settlement located in the northeastern part of Beekmantown.
 * Point Au Roche State Park – A state park on the shore of Lake Champlain.
 * St. Armand Beach – A location near Treadwell Bay.
 * Treadwell Bay – A bay of Lake Champlain south of the state park.
 * West Beekmantown – A hamlet in the western part of the town on NY-190.
 * New York State Welcome Center/Beekmantown Rest Area – A rest area on Interstate 87 with tourist information about the state of New York and rest rooms.

Education
The town is part of the Beekmantown Central School District (K-12). The town's younger schoolchildren attend Beekmantown Elementary. At grade 6, students attend Beekmantown Middle School (6-8), which also serves students from the Cumberland Head area of the town of Plattsburgh. Once the students have completed middle school, they go to Beekmantown High School. The high school and middle school share a building but have separate gyms, locker rooms, hallways and classrooms. The school is located on Spellman Road next to Beekmantown hamlet.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Beekmantown, New York


text:
Black Brook, New York

Black Brook is a town in Clinton County, New York, United States. The population was 1,497 at the 2010 census. It is named after a stream that flows through the town.

Black Brook occupies the southwestern corner of Clinton County and is southwest of Plattsburgh. Black Brook is inside the Adirondack Park.

History
The area was first settled circa 1825. The town was formed from part of the town of Peru in 1839. Early industries included farming, mining, and smelting iron.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 347.9 km2, of which 336.6 km2 is land and 11.3 km2, or 3.25%, is water. The Au Sable River forms part of the southern town boundary, and the Saranac River runs through the northern part of the town. Black Brook, a tributary of the West Fork of the Au Sable River, flows southward through the center of the town. Large lakes in town include Silver Lake, Taylor Pond, and Fern Lake. The outlet of Union Falls Pond, a reservoir on the Saranac River, is in the western section of the town.

The western town line is the border of Franklin County, and the southern town boundary is the border of Essex County.

New York State Route 9N passes across the southeastern part of the town, leading east to Keeseville and southwest to Jay. New York State Route 3 crosses the northwestern corner of the town, leading northeast to Plattsburgh and southwest to Saranac Lake.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,660 people, 651 households, and 455 families residing in the town. The population density was 12.7 people per square mile (4.9/km2). There were 957 housing units at an average density of 7.4 per square mile (2.8/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 98.31% White, 0.12% African American, 0.30% Native American, 0.12% Asian, 0.24% from other races, and 0.90% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.66% of the population.

There were 651 households, out of which 33.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.9% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.0% were non-families. 24.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55, and the average family size was 3.04.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.6% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 30.0% from 25 to 44, 23.0% from 45 to 64, and 14.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.1 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $32,634, and the median income for a family was $38,580. Males had a median income of $32,059 versus $20,652 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,049. About 9.8% of families and 14.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.2% of those under age 18 and 13.1% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Black Brook

 * Au Sable Forks – A hamlet on the southern town line at the Au Sable River and NY-9N. It extends into the town of Jay on the south side of the river.
 * Black Brook – The hamlet of Black Brook is in the southern part of the town, northwest of Au Sable Forks.
 * Clayburg – A hamlet on the northern town line.
 * Devins Corners – A hamlet in the northeastern part of the town.
 * East Kilns – A hamlet northwest of Black Brook village on Silver Lake Road.
 * Fern Lake – A lake north of Black Brook village.
 * Hawkeye – A hamlet at the eastern end of Silver Lake.
 * Middle Kilns – A location between East Kilns and West Kilns on Forestdale Road.
 * Riverview – A hamlet on Route 3 in the northwestern corner of the town.
 * Silver Lake – A lake in the western part of the town, approximately one mile wide and three miles long. Silver Lake is spring-fed and has chiefly summer residences.  A large portion of the lake is state-owned and deemed "Forever Wild," free from future sale or development.
 * Swastika – A hamlet north of Black Brook village.
 * Taylor Pond – A lake in the southwestern part of the town, south of Silver Lake.
 * Thomasville – A hamlet on the town line in the southeastern part of the town.
 * Union Falls – A hamlet on the western town line.
 * Union Falls Pond – A lake partly inside the western town line.
 * West Kilns – A hamlet in the southwestern corner of Black Brook.

title: Black Brook, New York


text:
Chazy, New York

Chazy is a town in northeastern Clinton County, New York,  United States. The population was 4,096 at the 2020 census. The closest city is Plattsburgh, 14 mi to the south. Chazy is 8 mi south of the Canada–United States border. The ZIP code is 12921 and the community is in area code 518.

History
The region was explored by Samuel de Champlain, the French explorer and navigator who mapped large portions of northeastern North America, in 1609. The town was first settled around 1763 by Jean Laframboise, who is also credited with introducing apple growing to the area. Chazy is named after French Lieutenant de Chézy of the Carignan-Salières Regiment, who was killed by the Iroquois in 1666.

Chazy was formed from the town of Champlain in 1804; in 1857, part of the town was used to form the town of Altona.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Chazy has a total area of 158.8 km2, of which 140.3 km2 is land and 18.6 km2, or 11.68%, is water.

The eastern boundary of the town, in the center of the western channel of Lake Champlain, is the state border with Vermont. The Little Chazy River enters Lake Champlain north of Chazy Landing.

The Adirondack Northway (Interstate 87) and U.S. Route 9 are north-south highways through the town. New York State Route 191 is an east-west highway entirely within the town. NY 22 is a north-south highway in the western part of Chazy.

Geology
The town gave its name to the mid-Ordovician Chazy Formation, the first true reef system, which was originally identified from limestone outcroppings in the township.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,181 people, 1,566 households, and 1,171 families residing in the town. The population density was 77.2 PD/sqmi. There were 1,841 housing units at an average density of 34.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.94% White, 0.31% African American, 0.41% Native American, 0.50% Asian, 0.10% from other races, and 0.74% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.69% of the population.

There were 1,566 households, out of which 36.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.1% were married couples living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.2% were non-families. 19.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.7% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 31.3% from 25 to 44, 23.1% from 45 to 64, and 11.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 women there were 97.2 men. For every 100 women age 18 and over, there were 95.6 men.

The median income for a household in the town was $41,504, and the median income for a family was $47,589. Males had a median income of $32,825 versus $28,542 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,125. About 8.0% of families and 10.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.1% of those under age 18 and 5.4% of those age 65 or over.

Schools
Chazy is home to Chazy Central Rural School and to the William H. Miner Agricultural Research Institute. Miner Institute's campus is also home to William Miner's preserved One Room Schoolhouse.

Chazy Central Rural School was opened on November 14, 1916, as a consolidation of eleven rural schools in the area. William H. Miner, a wealthy railroad industrialist, and philanthropist, donated $2,000,000 to build the school. It consisted of an elementary school program, a high school program, as well as departments of agriculture, industrial arts, household arts, library, drawing, music, and physical training. The children had access to expert medical and dental services free of charge. The old school was five stories high surrounding a bell tower of 71 ft and contained two gymnasiums and two swimming pools, as well as an auditorium capable of seating 1,100 people. The school was deemed too costly to upgrade in the early 1960s. A modern two-story school building was built around it and opened in December 1968.

Chazy Central Rural School has four soccer fields which host youth, men's and women's leagues. The boys' varsity soccer team has won nine New York State Public High School Athletic Association state championships (2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2017, and 2018). Including 3 back-to-back championships (2004-2005, 2012-2013, and most recently 2017-2018). The girls' varsity soccer team has won three state championships, in 2007, 2010, and 2011. The school built its own soccer stadium, which opened in the fall of 2005 and is named after George Brendler, a former gym teacher and athletics coach at the school. The school's baseball and softball fields also host several youth leagues as well as a fireman's softball league. In 2011, the boys' varsity baseball team won its first sectional championship in school history. The school also has a large public playground and a pond.

Worship
Chazy has two congregations, Sacred Heart Roman Catholic Church and Chazy Presbyterian Church.

Recreation
Chazy has a recreation park located on North Farm Road. This piece of land is home to four baseball/softball fields, multiple soccer fields, a small playground, and two covered pavilions. The park hosts events such as an annual kids' soccer jamboree and the annual Happy Pike fishing tournament.

The Scotts Memorial Rink is located on McAdam Road. This hockey rink was completed using a $75,000 grant funded by the NHLPA Goals and Dreams program. The arena is home to the Chazy Youth Hockey Flyers. The Beekmantown Eagles girls' varsity high school ice hockey team also practices and hosts games at this venue. The arena is named in memory of Scott House and Scott Wolter, both of whom played hockey for Chazy and were killed in separate car accidents.

Lake Alice, a small lake located adjacent to Miner Institute, is named after William Miner's wife. The Lake Alice wildlife management area consists of 1468 acre along Duprey Road in the town. The area is used for hiking, snowshoeing, cross country skiing, fishing and bird watching. The Department of Environmental Conservation manages the area for recreational and scientific purposes.

The Alice T. Miner Colonial Collection is an 1824 classic Colonial Revival house museum with period furnishings.

Communities and locations in the town of Chazy

 * Chazy – The hamlet of Chazy is located at the intersection of US 9 and NY 191, east of NY 191's interchange with I-87.
 * Chazy Landing – A hamlet on the shore of Lake Champlain, south of the Little Chazy River.
 * Dunn Bay – A bay of Lake Champlain, north of Minnetoska Point.
 * Ingraham – A hamlet at the southern town line on US 9.
 * Long Point – A location on the shore of Lake Champlain in the northeastern corner of Chazy.
 * Minnetoska Point – A location on the shore of Lake Champlain.
 * Monty Bay – A bay of Lake Champlain south of Minnetoska Point.
 * Sciota – A hamlet in the northwestern part of the town at the intersection of NY 22 and NY 191.
 * Trombly Bay – A bay of Lake Champlain south of Chazy Landing.
 * West Chazy – A hamlet in the southwestern part of the town at the intersection of NY 22 and former NY 348.
 * Wool Point – A location on the shore of Lake Champlain, north of Dunn Bay.

title: Chazy, New York


text:
Clinton, Clinton County, New York

Clinton is a town in Clinton County, New York, United States. The population was 737 at the 2010 census. The town is located in the northwestern corner of the county and is northwest of Plattsburgh.

History
The area was settled before 1820, near the community of Frontier. The town was set apart from the town of Ellenburg in 1845.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Clinton has a total area of 173.8 km2, of which 173.7 km2 is land and 0.1 km2, or 0.04%, is water.

The northern town line is the Canada–US border with Quebec in Canada, and the western town line is the border of the town of Chateaugay in Franklin County.

U.S. Route 11 is an east-west highway, which intersects New York State Route 189, a north-south highway, south of Churubusco.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 727 people, 270 households, and 201 families residing in the town. The population density was 10.8 people per square mile (4.2/km2). There were 348 housing units at an average density of 5.2 per square mile (2.0/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 98.35% White, 0.28% African American, 0.14% Asian, 0.28% from other races, and 0.96% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.28% of the population.

There were 270 households, out of which 31.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.4% were married couples living together, 7.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.2% were non-families. 19.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family size was 3.08.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.3% under the age of 18, 5.6% from 18 to 24, 30.4% from 25 to 44, 23.8% from 45 to 64, and 13.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 113.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 114.4 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $28,750, and the median income for a family was $34,375. Males had a median income of $25,804 versus $27,292 for females. The per capita income for the town was $11,787. About 14.7% of families and 17.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.2% of those under age 18 and 20.6% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Clinton

 * Churubusco – A hamlet on NY-189, north of US-11, in the central part of the town.
 * Clinton Mills – A hamlet east of Churubusco on Clinton Mills Road.
 * English River – A small stream in the eastern part of Clinton.
 * Frontier – A hamlet on the Canada–US border in the northwestern part of the town.
 * Gibson Corners – A location on the northeastern town line on Clinton Mills Road.

title: Clinton, Clinton County, New York


text:
Cumberland Head, New York

Cumberland Head is a census-designated place and region of the town of Plattsburgh in Clinton County, New York, United States. The population was 1,627 at the 2010 census.

Cumberland Head is a peninsula projecting into Lake Champlain, and includes the communities of Rocky Point and Champlain Park.

A landing for the Lake Champlain Transportation Company's ferry to Gordon Landing on Grand Isle, Vermont, is near the southern end of Cumberland Head. Cumberland Bay State Park is located at the northern end of the peninsula.

There is a historic lighthouse on the end of Cumberland Head.

Geography
Cumberland Head is located in the northeastern part of the town of Plattsburgh at 44.71639°N, -73.4025°W (44.716345, -73.402603).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 9.3 km2, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,532 people, 629 households, and 439 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 413.9 PD/sqmi. There were 793 housing units at an average density of 214.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 96.08% White, 1.50% African American, 0.33% Native American, 0.33% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 0.59% from other races, and 1.11% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.91% of the population. Common ancestries included English (18.8%), French (17.6%), Irish (15.6%), French Canadian (12.6%), Polish (7.4%), and a few Italian-American families.

There were 629 households, out of which 29.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.8% were married couples living together, 7.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.2% were non-families. 23.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.89.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 24.0% under the age of 18, 4.7% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 28.9% from 45 to 64, and 13.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.1 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $54,659, and the median income for a family was $62,434. Males had a median income of $41,100 versus $27,438 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $29,092. About 1.7% of families and 3.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under age 18 and 21.5% of those age 65 or over.

Locations on Cumberland Head

 * Champlain Park – A community on the western shore of Cumberland Point, south of Rocky Point.
 * Colligan Point – A projection into Lake Champlain on the eastern side of Cumberland Point.
 * Cumberland Bay – The bay formed between Cumberland Point and the mainland.
 * Cumberland Bay State Park – A state park at the northern end of Cumberland Point.
 * Martin Point – A projection into Lake Champlain, south of Colligan Point.
 * Rocky Point – A hamlet on the western shore of Cumberland Point near Cumberland Bay.

title: Cumberland Head, New York


text:
Ellenburg, New York

Ellenburg is a town in Clinton County, New York, United States. The population was 1,842 at the 2020 census. The town is named after the daughter of the principal proprietor. Ellenburg is on the western border of the county and is northwest of Plattsburgh. The southern part of the town is situated in the Adirondack Park.

History
The area was first settled around 1800. Ellenburg is named for Ellen Murray, the daughter of John R. Murray, a landowner.

The town was formed from part of the town of Mooers in 1830. In 1845, part of the town was used to make the town of Clinton.

During the Cold War, Ellenburg was the location of two of the twelve Atlas ICBM missile silos under the 556th Strategic Missile Squadron based out of the Plattsburgh Air Force Base. These silos were operational from 1962 to 1965.

In late 2004, a wind farm was proposed by Noble Environmental Power for the northern part of the town. Construction was expected to be completed by early 2007, but due to delays it began in the spring of 2008. Noble has also built wind farms in the neighboring towns of Altona and Chateaugay. Construction of the wind farms caused some controversy within the towns, as many residents felt it would subtract from the natural beauty of the area. The wind farm includes 54 turbines producing a total output of 81 megawatts.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 278.3 km2, of which 276.0 km2 is land, and 2.3 km2, or 0.83%, is water.

The western town line is the border of Franklin County.

U.S. Route 11 passes through the northeastern part of the town. New York State Route 190 (Military Turnpike) is an east-west highway, intersecting US-11 at Ellenburg village. New York State Route 374 crosses the southwestern corner of the town.

Demographics
As of the census of 2020, there were 1,842 people, 893 households, and 546 families residing in the town. The population density was 17.14 people per square mile (6.62/km2). There were 1,050 housing units at an average density of 9.77 per square mile (3.77/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 94.25% White, 0.11% African American, 0% Native American, 0.49% Asian, 0.65% from other races, and 4.51% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.90% of the population.

There were 893 households, of which 21.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.5% were married couples living together, and 38.9% were non-families. 14.1% of all households had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.78.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 22.7% under the age of 20, 29.3% from 20 to 44, 29.2% from 45 to 64, and 18.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.1 males. For every 100 females age 20 and over, there were 87.4 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $63,417, and the median income for a family was $70,724. About 14.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.6% of those under age 18 and 7.6% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Ellenburg

 * Dannemora Crossing – A location at the eastern town line, east of Ellenburg village.
 * Ellenburg – The hamlet of Ellenburg is in the northern part of the town on US-11.
 * Ellenburg Center – A hamlet in the northern part of the town, southwest of Ellenburg hamlet.
 * Ellenburg Depot – A hamlet east of Ellenburg on US-11, named for the former train depot.
 * Ellenburg Mountain – A mountain in the southeastern corner of the town.
 * Gibson Corners – A location on the northern town line in the northeastern corner of Ellenburg.
 * Hammonds Corners – A location on the eastern town line, on NY-190.
 * Harrigan – A hamlet in the northwestern corner of the town inside the Adirondack Park.
 * Lake Roxanne – A small man-made lake east of Ellenburg village.
 * Merrill – A hamlet in the southwestern corner on NY-374 of the town by Upper Chateaugay Lake.
 * Point Bluff – A peninsula in Upper Chateaugay Lake.
 * Upper Chateaugay Lake – Part of the lake is in the southwestern corner of the town.

title: Ellenburg, New York


text:
Lyon Mountain, New York

Lyon Mountain is a hamlet and census-designated place located in the town of Dannemora in Clinton County, New York, United States. The population was 423 at the 2010 census.

The northern slopes of Lyon Mountain are in the southern part of the community, with the 3840 ft summit to the south in the town of Saranac.

The Lyon Mountain Correctional Facility, a minimum security prison, was located in the community. The facility closed in 2011, and has been purchased by a Canadian who has mined sand for hydrofracking from the site.

Geography
The hamlet of Lyon Mountain is located at 44.72889°N, -73.90778°W (44.728863, -73.907905). According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 26.3 sqkm, all land.

Lyon Mountain is on New York State Route 374, which leads east 12 mi to Dannemora village and northwest 17 mi to Chateaugay.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 458 people, 214 households, and 129 families residing in the hamlet. The population density was 45.0 PD/sqmi. There were 234 housing units at an average density of 23.0/sq mi (8.9/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 95.85% White, 0.22% African American, 1.09% Native American, 0.22% Pacific Islander, and 2.62% from two or more races.

There were 214 households, out of which 22.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.2% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.3% were non-families. 36.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 22.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.72.

In the community, the population was spread out, with 18.3% under the age of 18, 5.7% from 18 to 24, 22.5% from 25 to 44, 30.6% from 45 to 64, and 22.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 46 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.1 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $25,000, and the median income for a family was $41,250. Males had a median income of $39,688 versus $20,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $16,776. About 14.8% of families and 14.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.7% of those under age 18 and 7.7% of those age 65 or over.

History
The hamlet is named after Nathaniel Lyon, who moved to the base of the mountain that also bears his name in 1803 and died circa 1850. Lyon was a relative of General Nathaniel Lyon (1818–1861).

Industry
Republic Steel Corporation was one of the last major steel firms to use low-phosphorus Adirondack magnetites, operating the Chateaugay Ore & Iron Company from 1939 to 1967. The Chateaugay mine was one of the deepest commercial iron ore mines in the United States, with stopes as much as 3500 ft below the surface. Lyon Mountain's iron ore was considered the best in the industry and was the material of choice for John Roebling and Sons in the construction of the Brooklyn Bridge. In later years, Roebling used Lyon Mountain ore in the construction of the George Washington Bridge and the Golden Gate Bridge.

Government
Lyon Mountain is a hamlet within the town of Dannemora. Public services and government affairs are administered by the town, which is governed by a board of councilors.

Sports
Japan Islanders are a team with the Empire Professional Baseball League and play out of Lyon Mountain Miners Baseball Field.

title: Lyon Mountain, New York


text:
Morrisonville, New York

Morrisonville is a hamlet and census-designated place in Clinton County, New York, United States. The population was 1,545 at the 2010 census.

Morrisonville is divided between the towns of Plattsburgh and Schuyler Falls by the Saranac River, which defines the boundary between the two towns. The community is west of the city of Plattsburgh.

Geography
Morrisonville is located 5 mi west of downtown Plattsburgh at 44.69083°N, -73.55083°W (44.690778, -73.550775). New York State Route 22B passes through the village, beginning at New York State Route 3 near the eastern end of the CDP and leading south to the hamlets of Schuyler Falls and Peru.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the Morrisonville CDP has a total area of 7.0 km2, of which 6.8 km2 is land and 0.2 km2, or 3.35%, is water.

Demographics
In the census of 2000, there were 1,702 people, 648 households, and 463 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 658.3 PD/sqmi. There were 682 housing units at an average density of 263.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.47% White, 0.76% African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.47% Asian, 0.18% from other races, and 0.94% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.12% of the population.

There were 648 households, out of which 35.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.3% were married couples living together, 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.4% were non-families. 21.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 26.4% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 28.8% from 25 to 44, 23.9% from 45 to 64, and 13.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.1 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $48,409, and the median income for a family was $53,550. Males had a median income of $34,167 versus $25,368 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $18,225. About 12.8% of families and 15.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.3% of those under age 18 and 9.9% of those age 65 or over.

title: Morrisonville, New York


text:
Parc, New York

Parc is a location and census-designated place in Clinton County, New York, United States. The name "Parc" is derived from the official name for the 3447 acre industrial site, which is PARC, an acronym for the Plattsburgh Airbase Redevelopment Corporation. PARC was established for the purpose of redeveloping the Plattsburgh Air Force Base after it closed on September 25, 1995. PARC is now operated by the Plattsburgh Air Base Development Authority, and the massive airfield is now Plattsburgh International Airport. The population of the Parc CDP was 254 at the 2010 census. Parc is located in the town of Plattsburgh and is bordered to the north by the city of Plattsburgh.

Geography
Parc is located in eastern Clinton County at 44.66861°N, -73.45472°W (44.668549, -73.454735). It lies just west of Lake Champlain but does not border the lake.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 3.2 km2, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 54 people, 28 households, and 15 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 38.7 PD/sqmi. There were 29 housing units at an average density of 20.8/sq mi (8.0/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 92.59% White, 1.85% African American, 1.85% Asian, 1.85% from other races, and 1.85% from two or more races.

There were 28 households, out of which 21.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.9% were married couples living together, 10.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.4% were non-families. 35.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and none had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.93 and the average family size was 2.47.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 11.1% under the age of 18, 11.1% from 18 to 24, 42.6% from 25 to 44, 27.8% from 45 to 64, and 7.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 74.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 77.8 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $35,417, and the median income for a family was $36,667. Males had a median income of $17,500 versus $31,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $15,118. There were 30.0% of families and 34.7% of the population living below the poverty line, including 100.0% of under eighteens and none of those over 64.

title: Parc, New York


text:
Plattsburgh West, New York

Plattsburgh West is a census-designated place (CDP) and region of the town of Plattsburgh in Clinton County, New York, United States. The population was 1,364 at the 2010 census. The CDP lies to the west of the city of Plattsburgh.

Geography
Plattsburgh West is located at 44.68056°N, -73.5025°W (44.680513, -73.502626). It is bordered to the north by New York State Route 3, to the east by Interstate 87 (the Adirondack Northway), to the south by the Saranac River, and to the west by the former Clinton County Airport. Part of the southern border along the Saranac River is the municipal border between the towns of Plattsburgh and Schuyler Falls.

The area is served by Exit 37 of Interstate 87. The highway leads north 63 mi to Montreal (via Quebec Autoroute 15), and south 158 mi to Albany.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 4.7 km2, of which 4.6 km2 is land and 0.1 km2, or 3.00%, is water.

Demographics
In the census of 2000, there were 1,289 people, 499 households, and 349 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 733.9 PD/sqmi. There were 601 housing units at an average density of 342.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 95.81% White, 1.40% African American, 0.62% Native American, 0.62% Asian, 0.39% from other races, and 1.16% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.09% of the population.

There were 499 households, out of which 34.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.3% were married couples living together, 16.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.9% were non-families. 21.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 2.90.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 27.6% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 30.5% from 25 to 44, 23.8% from 45 to 64, and 8.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.6 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $25,294, and the median income for a family was $24,797. Males had a median income of $23,145 versus $20,313 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $11,810. About 24.0% of families and 25.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 40.0% of those under age 18 and 11.4% of those age 65 or over.

Education and Business
The CDP is served by the Beekmantown Central School District. Nearby higher education institutions include the State University of New York at Plattsburgh in the City of Plattsburgh and Clinton Community College in the Town of Plattsburgh.

The CDP borders the now-closed Clinton County Airport. CommutAir, a regional airline, had its headquarters in Plattsburgh West CDP on the site of the airport before they relocated to South Burlington, Vermont.

title: Plattsburgh West, New York


text:
Redford, New York

Redford is a hamlet and census-designated place in the town of Saranac in Clinton County, New York, United States. The population was 477 at the 2010 census.

Redford is in the southern part of the town and is west of Plattsburgh. It is within the Adirondack Park.

Geography
Redford is located along the southern border of the town of Saranac at 44.60667°N, -73.80861°W (44.606552, -73.808596). It is on the north side of the Saranac River, which flows east to Lake Champlain. New York State Route 3 passes through the village, leading east 21 mi to Plattsburgh and southwest 28 mi to Saranac Lake.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the Redford CDP has a total area of 3.8 km2, of which 3.5 km2 is land and 0.3 km2, or 7.45%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 512 people, 178 households, and 137 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 374.3 PD/sqmi. There were 183 housing units at an average density of 133.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 99.02% White, 0.20% Asian, 0.39% from other races, and 0.39% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.39% of the population.

There were 178 households, out of which 37.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.0% were married couples living together, 9.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.5% were non-families. 16.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.88 and the average family size was 3.27.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 29.3% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 33.4% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 9.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.6 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $47,813, and the median income for a family was $59,408. Males had a median income of $37,875 versus $26,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $20,117. None of the families and 2.7% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 23.3% of those over 64.

title: Redford, New York


text:
Rouses Point, New York

Rouses Point is a village in Clinton County, New York, United States, along the 45th parallel. The population was 2,209 at the 2010 census. The village is named after Jacques Rouse, a French Canadian soldier who fought alongside the Americans during their war for independence. The village is on the western shore of Lake Champlain at the source of the Richelieu River. Also located in the northeastern corner of the town of Champlain, it is north of the city of Plattsburgh and is on the Canada–United States border.

History
Rouses Point was first settled around 1783 by Canadian and Nova Scotian refugees who were granted tracts of land in reward for their services during the American Revolution.

Steamboats were a booming business on this part of the lake; the second commercial steamboat in the world was launched on Lake Champlain, with Rouses Point as its first port-of-call. Steamboat traffic continued on the lake for the next 100 years until displaced by the railroad.

Edward Thurber built the first frame house in 1818. President James Monroe stayed there.

After an unnamed first fort (sometimes called “Fort Blunder”) was mistakenly built 1.2 km north of Island Point in Canada, Fort Montgomery was built here between 1844 and 1871 to guard Lake Champlain against possible invasion from British Canada. The fort was never completed and was briefly garrisoned by the U.S. Army during the American Civil War. In 1816 the First stone house built from "Fort Blunder" was a house of worship for Baptists, Methodists, and Presbyterians. It is still standing as a family home.

By 1860, Rouses Point had a variety of shops and tradespeople such as loggers, bakers, tailors, carpenters, blacksmiths, prostitutes, and hatters. Its location on the Canada–U.S. border made it an important stop on the Underground Railroad, through which many African American slaves escaped to freedom.

Rouses Point became an incorporated village in 1877, and grew to a population of over 2,000 by 1892. The Delaware and Hudson Railway opened a station, connecting the village to New York City and Montreal.

During Prohibition (1923–33), the village's proximity to the Canada–U.S. border made it popular with those who wanted to smuggle illegal alcohol across the border. Rum-running became common, and three speakeasies, one called "The Bucket of Blood", operated nightly. Organized crime visited the area, bringing with it the usual vices.

During World War II, the community was the scene of substantial shipments of war materials to points north by water and rail.

Today, the lake at Rouses Point has three marinas filled with pleasure craft. Wyeth, a pharmaceutical company, formerly employed over 1,000 people.

Geography
Rouses Point, located at 44.9875°N, -73.3675°W (44.987531, -73.367634), is the northernmost village in New York in terms of the center of population.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 6.4 km2, of which 4.6 km2 is land and 1.9 km2, or 29.18%, is water.

Rouses Point is a port of entry from Canada and is close to the Canada–United States border with Quebec. The village is on the western shore of Lake Champlain.

The village is located by the U.S. Route 2 and U.S. Route 11 intersection. U.S. 2 leads east across the Rouses Point Bridge into Vermont. New York State Route 9B enters the village from the south, and New York State Route 276 enters the village from the northwest.

The intersection of U.S. 2 and U.S. 11 is the western terminus of the eastern segment of U.S. 2. Approximately 8/10ths of a mile to the north U.S. 11 ends at the Canada–U.S. border.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,277 people, 978 households, and 604 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,281.8 PD/sqmi. There were 1,062 housing units at an average density of 597.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.19% White, 0.70% African American, 0.40% Native American, 0.44% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.18% from other races, and 1.05% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.36% of the population.

There were 978 households, out of which 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.2% were married couples living together, 12.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.2% were non-families. 33.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 23.8% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 25.8% from 45 to 64, and 15.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.1 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $39,167, and the median income for a family was $49,931. Males had a median income of $36,250 versus $30,064 for females. The per capita income for the village was $20,539. About 6.8% of families and 9.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.2% of those under age 18 and 4.5% of those age 65 or over.

Local information
There is one elementary school in Rouses Point, housing grades K-5. Students from grades 6-12 attend Northeastern Clinton Central Middle/High School in Champlain. Dodge Memorial Library is located on Lake Street (Route 9B/U.S. 11).

Also found on Lake Street is the Rouses Point Civic Center, which houses village council meetings, an ice rink, and from time to time serves as a small convention floor.

Amtrak, the U.S. national passenger rail system, provides service to Rouses Point, operating its Adirondack daily in both directions between Montreal and New York City. The Rouses Point station is the closest station on the U.S. side of the international boundary.

In popular culture
Rouses Point's Amtrak station plays an important role in the final episode of The Americans, but the scene was not recorded there.

Sites of interest

 * Fort Montgomery; also known as "Fort Blunder"

 * Pointe au Fer, discovered by French explorer Samuel de Champlain in 1609, site of an 18th century battle in 1760 when it became under British control until interrupted in 1775 by the American Revolution and then retaken. Famous visitors have included: Benjamin Franklin, Ethan Allen, Sir Guy Carleton, and Babe Ruth. It's today primarily a conservation area with camping ground overlooking Lake Champlain, as well as a public hunting ground in season.

Notable people

 * Elizabeth Marney Conner (1856–1941), dramatic reader and educator
 * Jesse Boulerice (born 1978), former NHL player for four teams

title: Rouses Point, New York


text:
Saranac, New York

Saranac is a town in Clinton County, New York, United States. The town is on the western border of the county, west of Plattsburgh, and is within the Adirondack Park. The population was 3,852 at the 2020 census, down from 4,007 at the 2010 census. The town is named for the Saranac River that flows through the town.

History
The first settlement took place circa 1802. The town of Saranac was established from the western part of the town of Plattsburgh in 1824.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 300.3 km2, of which 298.6 km2 is land and 1.7 km2, or 0.57%, is water.

The western town line is the border of Franklin County.

The Saranac River is the principal waterway in the town, flowing through the southern and eastern sections of the town toward Lake Champlain.

New York State Route 3 is the principal east–west highway through Saranac.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,165 people, 1,519 households, and 1,134 families residing in the town. The population density was 36.0 PD/sqmi. There were 1,642 housing units at an average density of 14.2 per square mile (5.5/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 98.63% White, 0.14% African American, 0.34% Native American, 0.19% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.24% from other races, and 0.41% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.03% of the population.

There were 1,519 households, out of which 39.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.1% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.3% were non-families. 19.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.14.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 28.6% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 30.8% from 25 to 44, 22.9% from 45 to 64, and 11.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $45,761, and the median income for a family was $51,542. Males had a median income of $40,315 versus $28,750 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,242. About 6.4% of families and 9.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.1% of those under age 18 and 16.7% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Saranac

 * Clayburg – A hamlet on NY-3 and the north side of the Saranac River, southwest of Saranac hamlet. The Saranac River flows into the town at Clayburg.
 * Dannemora – The village of Dannemora is partly in the town, at the northern town line.
 * Elsinore – A location by NY-3 and the Saranac River at the eastern town line.
 * High Bank – A hamlet in the southwestern part of the town on Standish Road.
 * Moffitsville – A hamlet southwest of Saranac hamlet on NY-3 by the Saranac River.
 * Picketts Corners – A hamlet northeast of Saranac hamlet on NY-3.
 * Redford – A hamlet in the southwestern section of the town on NY-3, southwest of Saranac hamlet and northeast of Clayburg.
 * Russia – A hamlet northwest of Saranac hamlet.
 * Saranac – The hamlet of Saranac, located on NY-3 on the north side of the Saranac River.
 * Saranac Hollow – An historic location near the river.
 * Standish – A hamlet in the northwestern corner of the town.

title: Saranac, New York


text:
Schuyler Falls, New York

Schuyler Falls is a town in Clinton County, New York, United States. The population was 5,181 at the 2010 census. The town was named after Peter Schuyler, who bought the mill on the Salmon River from Zephaniah Platt.

Schuyler Falls is in the south-central part of the county and is southwest of Plattsburgh.

History
The area was first settled circa 1794 by Ezra Turner, who settled near the Salmon River, and built the first sawmill in 1801.

The town was formed from the town of Plattsburgh in 1848.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Schuyler Falls has a total area of 95.4 km2, of which 94.6 km2 is land and 0.8 km2, or 0.82%, is water.

The Saranac River forms the northern town line, with the town of Plattsburgh on the opposite shore. The Salmon River runs through the southern part of the town, approximately 1 mi north of the border with the town of Peru. Both rivers flow east into Lake Champlain.

New York State Route 22B is a north-south highway in the town, beginning east-west in the hamlet of Morrisonville.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 5,128 people, 1,866 households, and 1,416 families residing in the town. The population density was 140.5 PD/sqmi. There were 2,001 housing units at an average density of 54.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.15% White, 1.09% African American, 0.31% Native American, 0.37% Asian, 0.23% from other races, and 0.84% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.84% of the population.

There were 1,866 households, out of which 38.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.5% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.1% were non-families. 16.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 28.2% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 30.9% from 25 to 44, 24.6% from 45 to 64, and 8.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.3 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $41,691, and the median income for a family was $45,262. Males had a median income of $33,242 versus $23,638 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,294. About 7.4% of families and 9.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.7% of those under age 18 and 1.0% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Schuyler Falls

 * Banker Corners – A location at the southwestern corner of the town.
 * Fanlon Corners – A hamlet northwest of Schuyler Falls village.
 * Macomb Reservation State Park – A state park in the southern part of the town.
 * Morrisonville – A hamlet by the northern town line, partly in the Town of Plattsburgh.
 * Norrisville – A former community located in the southern part of the town.
 * Rock Corners – A hamlet north of Schuyler Falls village.
 * Salmon River – An important stream in the southern part of the town, flowing through the hamlet of Schuyler Falls.
 * Schuyler Falls – The hamlet of Schuyler Falls on NY Route 22B. The community claims to have been founded in 1641 and incorporated as a village in 1758. It is no longer an incorporated village.
 * Woods Mill – A hamlet in the northwestern part of the town, west of Morrisonville, by the Saranac River.

Notable people

 * Calvin Bridges (1889–1938), geneticist, was born in Schuyler Falls
 * Joseph S. Sterling (1878-1959), businessman, entrepreneur, owner/operator of Alaska Silver Fox & Fur Company in Schuyler Falls with branches in Au Sable Chasm and Lake Placid

Media

 * WOXR a classical music radio station. It is part of the Vermont Public Radio network and serves the Burlington, Vermont/Plattsburgh, New York area.

title: Schuyler Falls, New York


text:
Ancram, New York

Ancram is a town in Columbia County, New York, United States. The population was 1,440 at the 2020 census, down from 1,573 at the 2010 census. The town was named after Ancram (now Ancrum), Scotland.

Ancram is in the southeastern corner of the county.

History
Prior to European colonization, the area had been occupied for thousands of years by varying indigenous cultures. Historic Native American nations included the Mahican and Wappinger.

Recorded as part of the land grant to the Livingston family, this area on the Roeliff Jansen Kill was originally called "Livingston Forge" after the iron foundry developed on the river. Throughout the eighteenth century, the Livingston forge created metal products for the community. The town was sometimes known as "Scotchtown" due to the immigrants of Scottish ancestry who flocked there in the late 18th century. As the Revolution drew near, the factory produced shot, cannonballs, and perhaps most importantly, the huge chain that was installed across the Hudson River at West Point as a defense against British ships going upriver. The "Fort Montgomery Chain" was worked up in 1776 at the Ancram foundry and placed across the Hudson River near West Point between Fort Montgomery and Fort Clinton. On October 6, 1777, British forces attacked the two forts, choosing to outflank the forts on land rather than test the strength of the chain directly. It is believed that the chain was confiscated by the British forces when they retreated from the fort several weeks later. Its whereabouts is unknown but one prominent British historian surmises it was shipped to Gibraltar to defend shipping in that British colony.

After the Revolution, the town was established from part of the town of Livingston in 1803, and was then called "Gallatin". In 1814, the name was changed to "Ancram", after the town in Scotland where the Livingstons had their origins. Part of Ancram was taken to form a new town of Gallatin in 1830.

Mining of iron and lead was important in the early economy; the town of Ancramdale was originally known as "Ancram Lead Mines".

The hamlet of Boston Corner was formerly part of Massachusetts. Because it was more accessible from Ancram, it was annexed by the New York town on April 13, 1857, by an agreement between the states.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 110.7 km2, of which 110.0 km2 is land and 0.7 km2, or 0.61%, is water. Most of the town is drained by the Roeliff Jansen Kill and its tributary, Punch Brook. The Roeliff Jansen Kill flows west to the Hudson River. The southeastern corner of the town drains to Webatuck Creek, which flows south to the Ten Mile River and thence to the Housatonic River in Connecticut.

The eastern town line is the border of Massachusetts and of Dutchess County. The southern town line also borders Dutchess County.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,513 people, 595 households, and 430 families residing in the town. The population density was 35.5 PD/sqmi. There were 823 housing units at an average density of 19.3 per square mile (7.5/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 97.69% White, 1.06% African American, 0.13% Native American, 0.13% Asian, and 0.99% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.93% of the population.

There were 595 households, out of which 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.7% were married couples living together, 8.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.6% were non-families. 20.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 2.91.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 22.4% under the age of 18, 5.7% from 18 to 24, 26.5% from 25 to 44, 28.3% from 45 to 64, and 17.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.3 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $45,726, and the median income for a family was $47,708. Males had a median income of $31,196 versus $25,625 for females. The per capita income for the town was $22,541. About 5.1% of families and 7.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.4% of those under age 18 and 12.0% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and other locations

 * Ancram — The hamlet of Ancram is in the western part of the town on New York State Route 82 and County Route 7.
 * Ancramdale — A hamlet southeast of Ancram village.
 * Boston Corner — A hamlet of Ancram which was formerly in Massachusetts. The community is adjacent to the Massachusetts border.
 * Taconic State Park — Part of the park is in the northeastern part of the town.
 * Weed Mines — A location by the northern town line.

title: Ancram, New York


text:
Austerlitz, New York

Austerlitz is a town in Columbia County, New York, United States. The population was 1,625 at the 2020 census. The town was named after the Battle of Austerlitz.

The town is in the eastern part of Columbia County.

History
Ellis, Capt. Franklin, "History of Columbia County, New York", (1878), page 381:

"The town was organized from parts of the towns of Hillsdale, Chatham, and Canaan, March 28, 1818. A little more than one-fifteenth of the present town was taken from Chatham, a little over one-eighth from Canaan, and a little less than five-sixths from Hillsdale. From the fact that among the first settlers there were no less than twelve families of Spencers, the north part of Hillsdale had been known from the first as 'Spencer's-town.' This name finally attached itself simply to the village, and when the division of the town was being talked up it was proposed to call the new town 'New Ulm.' When the bill erecting it passed the Legislature, however, Martin Van Buren, then a State Senator, and who, being an ardent admirer of the great Napoleon, was somewhat incensed at one of his political opponents (Elisha Williams, if we mistake not), who had succeeded in having a town in Seneca County christened 'Waterloo,' leaped to his feet and moved to amend by calling the new town 'Austerlitz.' Having carried his point, he retired to his seat, saying 'There's an Austerlitz for your Waterloo.'"

Past residents of note
Edna St. Vincent Millay, Pulitzer-prize winning poet, lived at Steepletop, a more than 800 acre property that had previously been a farm. Her sister, Norma, inherited the property at Millay's death in 1950. Norma and her husband, Charles Ellis, in 1973 founded a non-profit artist residency program, the Millay Arts (formerly the Millay Colony for the Arts ), and deeded a small portion of the land to the organization. In 1978, Norma created the non-profit Edna St. Vincent Millay Society that now oversees the house and remainder of the property. Tours are available.

Steepletop was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 126.4 km2, of which 126.2 km2 is land and 0.2 km2, or 0.19%, is water. The western half of the town drains via tributaries of Kinderhook Creek and Claverack Creek westward to the Hudson River, while the eastern half primarily drains via the Green River southeast into Massachusetts, where it joins the Housatonic River flowing south into Connecticut.

The eastern town line is the border of Massachusetts.

The Taconic State Parkway passes through the far western side of the town.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,453 people, 620 households, and 427 families residing in the town. The population density was 29.8 PD/sqmi. There were 906 housing units at an average density of 18.6 per square mile (7.2/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 97.45% White, 0.83% African American, 0.07% Native American, 0.55% Asian, 0.76% from other races, and 0.34% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.83% of the population.

There were 620 households, out of which 25.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.0% were married couples living together, 6.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.1% were non-families. 24.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.81.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 20.4% under the age of 18, 4.4% from 18 to 24, 23.7% from 25 to 44, 34.0% from 45 to 64, and 17.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 46 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $51,369, and the median income for a family was $56,771. Males had a median income of $44,531 versus $37,188 for females. The per capita income for the town was $38,054. About 4.7% of families and 5.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.2% of those under age 18 and 0.8% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Austerlitz

 * Austerlitz – The hamlet of Austerlitz is located east of the geographic center of the town at the junction of routes 22 and 203.
 * Morehouse Corner – A hamlet in the northwestern corner of the town on Route 203.
 * Red Rock – A hamlet at the northern town line.
 * Spencertown – A hamlet in the western part of the town on Route 203.

title: Austerlitz, New York


text:
Canaan, New York

Canaan is a town in Columbia County, New York, United States. The population was 1,570 at the 2020 census, down from 1,710 at the 2010 census. The town is in the northeastern part of the county.

History
The first settlers arrived around 1759. The town was founded in 1772 as "Kings District". The name was changed to "Canaan" in 1788. One of the oldest sections of Canaan is Frisbie Street, settled in 1770 by Gideon Frisbie, an immigrant from Canaan, Connecticut. Frisbie Street fronts what was once the Albany-Boston stagecoach route.

At approximately 1 p.m. (EDT) on August 28, 1973, an F4 tornado touched down in Canaan and moved in a south-southeast direction across the Massachusetts state line into the town of West Stockbridge, Massachusetts. It caused significant damage to the Berkshire Farm for Boys in Canaan then “obliterated” nearly every house in its path in West Stockbridge. Finally, it leveled the Berkshire Truck Stop on Massachusetts Route 102 near the Massachusetts Turnpike, overturning and throwing trucks and cars and ripping gas pumps out of their stands. When it was over, four people had been killed (including three at the truck stop), 36 were injured, and approximately $25 million ($148 million, 2021 USD) in damage had been done.

The Lace House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 95.7 km2, of which 95.0 km2 is land and 0.7 km2, or 0.76%, is water. The majority of the town drains westward or northward via tributaries of Kinderhook Creek to the Hudson River, notably Queechy Lake Brook and Buttercup Creek, both of which flow into the Stony Kill. The southeastern corner of the town drains via Flat Brook into the Williams River in Massachusetts and thence to the Housatonic River, which flows south into Connecticut.

The eastern town line is the border of Massachusetts.

Interstate 90 passes through the town, connecting the Massachusetts Turnpike to the east with the New York State Thruway to the west. I-90 has one interchange in the town, with New York State Route 22.

The Taconic Mountains rise in the northeastern corner of the town.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,820 people, 643 households, and 414 families residing in the town. The population density was 49.6 PD/sqmi. There were 970 housing units at an average density of 26.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 87.80% White, 8.63% African American, 0.33% Native American, 0.66% Asian, 1.21% from other races, and 1.37% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.25% of the population.

There were 643 households, out of which 27.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.5% were married couples living together, 5.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.5% were non-families. 28.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 34.2% under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 20.9% from 25 to 44, 26.5% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 137.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $51,607, and the median income for a family was $62,656. Males had a median income of $44,063 versus $37,083 for females. The per capita income for the town was $28,209. About 2.7% of families and 5.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.1% of those under age 18 and 5.4% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Canaan

 * Canaan – The hamlet of Canaan is in the north-central part of the town at the junction of New York State Route 295 and County Road 5. It was formerly "Canaan Corners".
 * Canaan Center – A hamlet south of Canaan village on Route 5, just south of the geographic center of the town.
 * East Chatham – A hamlet at the western town line.
 * Edwards Park – A location southeast of Flatbrook.
 * Flatbrook – A hamlet southeast of Canaan village and located on Route 22.
 * Queechy – A hamlet east of Canaan villageQueechy Lake (winter) Canaan, New York.jpghy Lake – (formerly Whiting's Pond) A 600 acre lake near the eastern town boundary.
 * Red Rock – A hamlet at the southern town line.

Notable people

 * Phoebe Hinsdale Brown (1783–1861), first American woman to write a hymn of wide popularity, "I love to steal awhile away"
 * Asa Adgate (1767–1832), born in Canaan, U.S. congressman
 * Daniel G. Garnsey, U.S. congressman
 * Anne Meacham (1925-2006), American actress
 * Eleazer Root (1802–1887), born in Canaan, educator and Episcopal priest
 * Al Roker (born August 20, 1954) television personality, weather forecaster, actor, and author (owns a summer home in Canaan)
 * Henry L. Warner, farmer and member of the New York State Assembly in 1892

title: Canaan, New York


text:
Claverack, New York

Claverack is a town in Columbia County, New York, United States. The population was 6,058 at the 2020 census. The town name in English was derived from the Dutch word Klaverakker, meaning "Clover Fields" or "Clover Reach". In 1705, a Dutch tenant farmer made the first discovery of a mastodon tooth here.

The town is centrally located in Columbia County, east of the city of Hudson.

History
Claverack was originally approximately 60000 acre in area and was known as the Lower Manor of Rensselaer, part of a vast estate on both sides of the Hudson River granted in the 17th century to an early prominent Dutch family.

During the American Revolution, the Town was formed in 1778 from the older District of Claverack. In 1782, some of the land was reassigned to the newly organized town of Hillsdale. Claverack was reduced again in 1785 to form the city of Hudson.

In 1779 Washington Seminary was founded in the town by the local Dutch Reformed pastor. Prominent former students at the school include U.S. President Martin Van Buren. In the nineteenth century the school was renamed Claverack College; it closed in 1902. The many 18th-century homes in the area include the 1786 William Henry Ludlow House.

In addition to the William Henry Ludlow House, other properties and structures on the National Register of Historic Places include the Claverack Free Library, Double-Span Whipple Bowstring Truss Bridge, George Felpel House, First Columbia County Courthouse, Stephen Hogeboom House, Dr. Abram Jordan House, Ludlow-Van Rensselaer House, Jacob P. Mesick House, Harmon Miller House, Stephen Miller House, Cornelius S. Muller House, Harriet Phillips Bungalow, Rev. Dr. Elbert S. Porter House, Reformed Dutch Church of Claverack, Stephen Storm House, Trinity Episcopal Church, Jan Van Hoesen House, William W. Van Ness House, Van Rensselaer Lower Manor House, Conyn Van Rensselaer House, and Jacob Rutsen Van Rensselaer House and Mill Complex.

Notable people

 * Stanley Bate, English composer and pianist
 * Daniela Bertol, Italian-born architect, designer and artist
 * Aaron Burr and Alexander Hamilton tried cases in the local courthouse.
 * Mihail Chemiakin, a Russian artist
 * Nancy Fuller, chef and host of Farmhouse Rules on the Food Network, was born and raised here.
 * Anne Grant, Scottish poet, writer
 * Elizabeth Mumbet Freeman was born here.
 * Ismail Merchant and James Ivory owned property in Claverack and were very supportive of local interests, especially Columbia Memorial Hospital in nearby Hudson. (James Ivory still visits this property in Claverack.)
 * Margaret Sanger attended the former Claverack College (closed 1902) for two years.
 * Joan Steiner, American illustrator and puzzle designer
 * John J. Tallmadge was born here.
 * Henry D. Todd Jr., U.S. Army major general, born in Claverack
 * Martin Van Buren was admitted to the bar here.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 124.2 km2, of which 123.2 km2 is land and 1.0 km2, or 0.81%, is water.

Claverack Creek enters the town at the hamlet of Mellenville and runs southwest before turning north and forming the western town boundary before entering Stockport. Taghkanic Creek is a major tributary from the south and forms the western boundary of the town before entering Claverack Creek.

The Taconic State Parkway passes north-south through the eastern side of the town.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 6,401 people, 2,485 households, and 1,669 families residing in the town. The population density was 134.3 PD/sqmi. There were 2,839 housing units at an average density of 59.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 93.95% White, 3.31% African American, 0.20% Native American, 0.36% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.78% from other races, and 1.33% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.47% of the population.

There were 2,485 households, out of which 29.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.4% were married couples living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.8% were non-families. 26.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.96.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.4% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 25.3% from 25 to 44, 24.6% from 45 to 64, and 19.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.7 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $41,647, and the median income for a family was $50,175. Males had a median income of $32,896 versus $23,925 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,848. About 3.8% of families and 6.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.8% of those under age 18 and 7.1% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Claverack

 * Brick Tavern – A hamlet in the northwestern corner of the town.
 * Churchtown – A hamlet on the southern town line.
 * Claverack – The hamlet of Claverack is in the western part of the town.
 * Hollowville – A hamlet southeast of Claverack village.
 * Martindale – A hamlet by the eastern town boundary, by the Taconic State Parkway.
 * Mellenville – A hamlet in the northeastern part of the town, west of Philmont. The Mellenville Railroad Station was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.
 * Philmont – The village of Philmont in the northeastern section of the town.
 * Red Mills – A location east of Claverack village.
 * Upper Hollowville – A hamlet between Hollowville and Martindale.

title: Claverack, New York


text:
Claverack-Red Mills, New York

Claverack-Red Mills, commonly known as Claverack, is a census-designated place (CDP) in Columbia County, New York, United States. The population was 953 at the 2020 census.

The census region is in the western part of the town of Claverack and derives its name from the two hamlets of Claverack and Red Mills.

The community has a number of historic buildings, including the Harriet Phillips Bungalow. From 1779 to 1902, Claverack College operated in the village.

Geography
Claverack-Red Mills is located in the western part of the town of Claverack at 42.22528°N, -73.72139°W (42.225214, -73.721449). The center of Claverack hamlet is at the intersection of New York State Routes 9H, 23, and 23B. NY 23B leads northwest 4 mi to downtown Hudson, NY 9H leads north 13 mi to Kinderhook, and NY 23 leads east 12 mi to Hillsdale and 15 mi to the Massachusetts border. Routes 9H and 23 combined lead south 4 mi to U.S. Route 9 in the town of Livingston. The center of Red Mills is along NY 23, 1 mi east of Claverack hamlet. From Red Mills, NY 217 leads northeast 4 mi to Philmont.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 7.8 km2, of which 0.05 km2, or 0.60%, is water. Claverack Creek, a tributary of the Hudson River, flows westward as the southern edge of the CDP, south of the centers of the two hamlets.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,061 people, 470 households, and 308 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 362.0 PD/sqmi. There were 510 housing units at an average density of 174.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.74% White, 0.75% African American, 0.09% Native American, 0.38% from other races, and 1.04% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.94% of the population.

There were 470 households, out of which 24.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.3% were married couples living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.3% were non-families. 30.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.79.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 18.9% under the age of 18, 4.9% from 18 to 24, 23.3% from 25 to 44, 29.5% from 45 to 64, and 23.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.6 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $49,476, and the median income for a family was $60,677. Males had a median income of $41,591 versus $32,222 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $30,237. None of the families and 3.1% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 7.1% of those over 64.

title: Claverack-Red Mills, New York


text:
Clermont, New York

Clermont is a town in Columbia County, New York, United States. The population was 2,058 at the 2020 census. The name of the town is French for "Clear Mountain", in reference to the mountain views in the town.

The town is in the southwestern corner of Columbia County, south of the city of Hudson.

History
"Clermont" was originally one of the oldest of the great estates of the mid-Hudson valley. The Clermont Manor was established in 1728, in what is now the town of Clermont. The manor was originally part of the 160000 acre Livingston Manor; Clermont was a 13000 acre section in the southwest corner that was bequeathed to Robert Livingston, a younger son. His descendants would come to own more than 500000 acre in the Catskill Mountains and more than 100000 acre in Dutchess County.

Clermont marked the northernmost penetration by British troops up the Hudson River during the American Revolution; Livingston's home was burned because of his prominent role in the Revolution. It was rebuilt between 1779 and 1782. The house is now a 500 acre New York State Historic Site and a National Historic Landmark.

In 1788, Clermont Manor was organized as the town of Clermont.

Clermont was the port of registry of Robert Fulton's first steamboat, co-owned by Livingston, which was called the North River. Today it is known as the Clermont. The ruins of its dock on the Hudson River can still be found at the historic site.

The estate, and later the town, was home to seven generations of the Livingston family until 1962.

The Bouwerie, Thomas Brodhead House, Clarkson Chapel, Clermont Academy, Clermont Civic Historic District, Coons House, Hickory Hill, Old Parsonagee, Sixteen Mile District, and St. Luke's Church are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 49.7 km2, of which 46.6 km2 is land and 3.1 km2, or 6.23%, is water.

The southern town line is the border of Dutchess County, and part of the western town boundary, marked by the Hudson River, is the border of Ulster County. The northeastern border of the town follows the Roeliff Jansen Kill, a tributary of the Hudson River. The border formed by the kill is, for much of its length, quite close to the town's southern border; then is its border with the town of Germantown to the west, resulting in long, narrow extensions of the town to the southeast and north.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,726 people, 593 households, and 437 families residing in the town. The population density was 96.0 PD/sqmi. There were 725 housing units at an average density of 40.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 96.58% White, 1.27% African American, 0.23% Native American, 0.35% Asian, 0.52% from other races, and 1.04% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.72% of the population.

There were 593 households, out of which 36.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.3% were married couples living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.3% were non-families. 21.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.85 and the average family size was 3.33.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 30.3% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 22.9% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.0 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $47,039, and the median income for a family was $51,012. Males had a median income of $35,526 versus $26,250 for females. The per capita income for the town was $21,566. About 6.4% of families and 9.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.7% of those under age 18 and 8.5% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Clermont

 * Clermont – The hamlet of Clermont in the northeastern part of the town.
 * Clermont State Historic Site – A state and national historic site at the Hudson River, comprising the core of Clermont Manor.
 * Cross Hill – A hamlet in the western part of town, east of the state historic site.
 * Elizaville – A hamlet in the southeastern corner of the town.
 * Nevis – A hamlet south of Clermont on Route 9.
 * Viewmont – A hamlet on the northern town line, north of Cross Hill.

Callendar House, Clermont
"Callendar House" was built on a bluff overlooking the river in 1794 by Henry Gilbert Livingston (1758–1817), whose country seat was next door. He was the great-grandson of Robert Livingston the Elder through his grandfather Gilbert. In 1795 he sold it to his cousin Philip Henry Livingston (1769–1831), great-grandson of Gilbert's older brother Philip Livingston (1686–1749), the second Lord of Livingston Manor. Philip and his wife called it "Sunning Hill" and occupied it until 1828, when it was purchased by Robert L. Tillotson. In 1835, Tillotson sold the property to architect Richard T. Auchmuty.

William E. Toler acquired the premises in 1854; and then Jacob R. LeRoy, son of Herman Leroy, who founded Le Roy, Bayard & Co. Jacob's sister, Caroline LeRoy married Daniel Webster. Jacob LeRoy gave "Sunning Hill" to his daughter Charlotte, the wife of Rev. Henry De Koven. De Koven had served at St. Paul's Episcopal Church in Tivoli; he founded and was first rector of Christ Church in Red Hook.

In 1860 it became the property of Johnston Livingston, and then that of his son-in-law, Geraldwyn Redmond. Livingston was on the boards of both Wells Fargo and American Express. "Callendar House" is the name of a former Livingston mansion in Fallkirk, Scotland. It was one of the names Robert Livingston had considered for the Lower Manor, but family members objected that it was a prerogative of the head of the family, and so he chose Clermont instead.

It later came into the possession of Jean de Castella, who raised thoroughbred race horses there. Castella renamed it "Tivoli".

The property included thirty-five acres. The house has a Federal-style core. A hall bisects the downstairs from front to back. In 1828 one-story wings were added, and around 1830, a veranda. In 1910, a living room was added to the first floor by McKim Mead & White, as well as a south wing. The murals were painted in 1921 by Olin Dows.

title: Clermont, New York


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Copake, New York

Copake is a town in Columbia County, New York, United States. The population was 3,346 at the 2020 US census, down from 3,615 at the 2010 census. The town derives its name from a lake, which was known to the natives as Cook-pake, or Ack-kook-peek, meaning "Snake Pond".

Copake is on the eastern border of the county. Taconic State Park is along the eastern edge of the town.

History
Copake was part of the 1686 Taconic Grant to Robert Livingston, for approximately 400 acre of good land and 2200 acre of woodland. After it was purchased from the Indians, it turned out to be 160000 acre, and he established the English-style Livingston Manor. The manor extended well into what is now Massachusetts. The first lease given by Livingston in Copake was for about 85 acre in 1687, to Matthews Abraham Van Deusen. Because New England claimed ownership west to the Hudson River, a border dispute broke out. The Massachusetts Bay Colony laid out three townships west of the Taconic Mountains in 1755. Most of the present town of Copake was in one of the townships. New settlers were given 100 acre free, and some of Livingston's tenants refused to pay rent. The border was settled in 1757 by the Lords Commissioners of Trade in London. Farmers west of the border continued to protest, however. In 1844, a rally organized by the Taconic Mutual Association took place in the center of the hamlet. After the rally, the arrest of several of the leaders sparked wider protests. Eventually the Anti-Rent Party was formed in New York state, and New York instituted land reform. The Anti-Rent Party called for a Homestead Act to develop the western land. It became part of the Republican Party platform and was important in the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860.

The town of Copake was formed in 1824 by splitting it from the town of Granger that was renamed Taghkanic. An early industry was iron mining and smelting. In Taconic State Park adjacent to Copake Falls is the "Ore Pit", a former iron mine, now a 40 ft deep swimming pond.

Copake is home to a handful of summer camps for adults and children and filled with other activities to do in the summer, such as swimming, hiking, biking, and water skiing. In the winter, residents and tourists can visit nearby ski mountains, such as Catamount Ski Area.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 108.9 km2, of which 105.6 km2 is land and 3.3 km2, or 3.04%, is water. The largest water body is Copake Lake, touching the western border of the town, but several other lakes and ponds occupy the central and southwestern parts of the town. The Roeliff Jansen Kill flows through the center of the town, and Taghkanic Creek crosses the northwestern corner; both waterways lead west to the Hudson River.

The town is easily accessible from New York City via the Taconic State Parkway or NYS Route 22 and is a popular destination for second-home owners escaping busy Manhattan. Metro-North Railroad is also located approximately 20 minutes south of the town, with service to and from Grand Central Terminal.

The eastern town line is the border of Berkshire County, Massachusetts.

Copake is located sixteen miles from the small Massachusetts town, Great Barrington.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,278 people, 1,280 households, and 869 families residing in the town. The population density was 80.0 PD/sqmi. There were 2,185 housing units at an average density of 53.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 96.55% White, 0.70% African American, 0.46% Native American, 0.12% Asian, 0.58% from other races, and 1.59% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.29% of the population.

There were 1,280 households, out of which 27.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.3% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.1% were non-families. 25.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.89.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 21.4% under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 26.2% from 45 to 64, and 18.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.5 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $42,261, and the median income for a family was $46,544. Males had a median income of $32,004 versus $25,341 for females. The per capita income for the town was $23,088. About 6.5% of families and 8.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.8% of those under age 18 and 4.5% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Copake

 * Camphill Village – A therapeutic community for developmentally disabled adults.
 * Copake (formerly "Copake Flats") – The hamlet of Copake is in the southern part of the town.
 * Copake Falls – A hamlet north of Copake village.
 * Copake Iron Works – A former community in the town, now in Taconic State Park.
 * Copake Lake – A lake on the western town line and a community (census-designated place) surrounding the lake.
 * Craryville (formerly "Bains Corner") – A hamlet in the northwestern part of the town.
 * Taconic Shores – A community (property owners association) northwest of Copake hamlet, encircling Robinson Pond.
 * Taconic State Park – covering the Taconic Mountains along the eastern edge of the town.
 * Weedmines – A location at the southern town line. West Copake (formerly "Andersons Corners") – A hamlet in the southwestern part of the town and southwest of Copake village.Copake Falls, Copake, New York.jpg

Notable people

 * Henry Astor had a home in West Copake.
 * Mariah Carey had a home in Craryville, in the northwestern part of the town. The music video for her 1993 single "Dreamlover" was also filmed in the town and surrounding area.
 * Nancy Fuller, chef and host of Farmhouse Rules on the Food Network, has a dairy farm here with her husband, David.
 * Katharine Lente Stevenson (1853–1919), temperance reformer, missionary, editor

title: Copake, New York