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Burt, Michigan

Burt is a census-designated place (CDP) and Unincorporated community for statistical purposes in Taymouth Township, Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The CDP's population was 1,122 at the 2000 census. Burt is also the name of a post office with ZIP code 48417, which includes the area of the CDP as well as portions of Taymouth Township to the north of the CDP and the eastern part of Albee Township and a small area of southeastern Spaulding Township. The town is named for Wellington R. Burt.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 4.5 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,122 people, 394 households, and 327 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 247.4 PD/sqmi. There were 420 housing units at an average density of 92.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 93.67% White, 1.07% African American, 1.16% Native American, 0.27% Asian, 1.69% from other races, and 2.14% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.63% of the population.

There were 394 households, out of which 41.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.8% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.0% were non-families. 13.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.85 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 29.3% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 29.9% from 25 to 44, 25.1% from 45 to 64, and 8.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.2 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $47,250, and the median income for a family was $47,143. Males had a median income of $42,734 versus $21,719 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $15,997. About 4.8% of families and 8.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.9% of those under age 18 and 13.2% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Wellington R. Burt (1831-1919), industrial baron; once ranked the eighth wealthiest man in America; namesake of town.

title: Burt, Michigan


text:
Carrollton Township, Michigan

Carrollton Township is a civil township of Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 5,750 at the 2020 census. Established in 1866, Carrollton contains a full-time police department, fire department, parks and recreation services, as well as its own public school system, Carrollton Public Schools. Along with being located on the Saginaw River, Carrollton offers close access to shopping malls, medical facilities, Saginaw Valley State University, and I-75.

At only 3.34 sqmi of land area, Carrollton Township is the fourth-smallest township in the state of Michigan, after Novi Township, Royal Oak Charter Township, and Pointe Aux Barques Township.

Communities

 * Carrollton is an unincorporated community centered on the Saginaw River. It has a post office with a ZIP Code of 48724 that provides P.O. Box service to an area along the Saginaw River that is partly in Carrollton Township and partly in the city of Zilwaukee.
 * A Saginaw post office, with ZIP Code 48604, also serves the remainder of Carrollton Township.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 3.4 sqmi, of which 3.2 sqmi is land and 0.2 sqmi (6.14%) is water.

Demographics
The U.S. Census Bureau has also defined Carrollton Township as a census-designated place (CDP) in the 2000 Census so that the community would appear on the list of places (like cities and villages) as well on the list of county subdivisions (like other townships). The final statistics for the township and the CDP are identical.

As of the census of 2000, there were 6,602 people, 2,559 households, and 1,793 families residing in the township. The population density was 2,056.2 PD/sqmi. There were 2,647 housing units at an average density of 824.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the township was 82.58% White, 9.16% African American, 0.50% Native American, 0.68% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 4.89% from other races, and 2.17% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.77% of the population.

There were 2,559 households, out of which 34.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.2% were married couples living together, 15.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.9% were non-families. 25.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.10.

In the township the population was spread out, with 27.7% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 28.8% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 14.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.2 males.

The median income for a household in the township was $38,405, and the median income for a family was $43,935. Males had a median income of $36,308 versus $21,172 for females. The per capita income for the township was $16,377. About 7.8% of families and 8.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.7% of those under age 18 and 7.1% of those age 65 or over.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Carrollton Township, Michigan


text:
Chapin Township, Michigan

Chapin Township is a civil township of Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 928 at the 2020 Census.

History
Chapin Township was established in 1867.

Communities

 * Chapin is an unincorporated community at Chapin and Ridge Road intersection. It was settled in 1855.  A post office operated from June 6, 1876, until October 31, 1933.
 * Fenmore is an unincorporated community in the township at Peet and Fenmore Roads. A post office operated from April 11, 1899, until October 14, 1904.
 * Racy is an unincorporated community in the township at Cupp and Chapin Roads. A post office operated from September 5, 1894, until March 31, 1905.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 24.7 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,045 people, 378 households, and 291 families residing in the township. The population density was 42.4 PD/sqmi. There were 410 housing units at an average density of 16.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the township was 97.32% White, 0.10% African American, 0.77% Native American, 0.48% from other races, and 1.34% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.82% of the population.

There were 378 households, out of which 39.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.4% were married couples living together, 9.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.8% were non-families. 16.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.76 and the average family size was 3.07.

In the township the population was spread out, with 28.5% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 33.1% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 8.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 112.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.4 males.

The median income for a household in the township was $36,375, and the median income for a family was $40,625. Males had a median income of $31,250 versus $22,438 for females. The per capita income for the township was $16,599. About 9.3% of families and 13.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.2% of those under age 18 and 12.3% of those age 65 or over.

title: Chapin Township, Michigan


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Chesaning, Michigan

Chesaning is a village in Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 2,394 at the 2010 census. The village is located within Chesaning Township.

History
The first mention of Chesaning in the written pages of history is the Saginaw Treaty, signed in 1819. This treaty was between members of the Saginaw Tribe, Chippewa Indians, and the government of the United States. They established a number of reservations, including 10000 acre along the banks of the Shiawassee River known as "Big Rock Reserve." Chesaning is a Chippewa word meaning "big rock place". The treaty continued in effect until 1837 when a second treaty led to the reserve being surveyed and offered for sale in 1841. The first land was sold at $5 per acre to brothers Wellington and George W. Chapman, and Rufus Mason. After making their land purchase, they traveled back to Massachusetts and moved their families to their new wilderness home by late summer of 1842.

During the months they had been away from their land, several settlers had moved into the area, building a dam and a sawmill. A few years later, a grinding mill was added. The new settlers named their community "Northampton" in honor of the home they had left in Massachusetts. In 1853, the legislature changed the name to Chesaning, the traditional name for the village and township. The first township elections, held in 1847, are considered to be the official birthday of the community. The village, first surveyed in 1851, was organized in 1869. The early business community was located on the east side of the river. The forest setting provided an abundance of lumber, which was used to construct many stores. However, the use of coal heating systems often caused major fires, which destroyed entire blocks of stores. The fires and the arrival of the railroad on the west side community influenced the business area to move on the west side of the river.

The Owosso and Saginaw Navigation Company, organized in 1857 to move merchandise by barge up and down the river, began construction of a canal and lock on the east side of the dam for hauling goods on the river. The river continued to be important for commercial use until the railroad arrived in Owosso. The railroad through Chesaning, built in 1867, was first surveyed to be built approximately three miles west of Chesaning, going directly from Oakley to St. Charles. Luckily, Wellington Chapman donated $18,000, a considerable sum at the time, to the railroad to secure a rail line through Chesaning. The rail was very important to the economy of the village.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 3.14 sqmi, of which 3.05 sqmi is land and 0.09 sqmi is water.

Transportation

 * Great Lakes Central Railroad
 * Great Lakes Central Railroad
 * Great Lakes Central Railroad

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 2,394 people, 1,015 households, and 628 families living in the village. The population density was 784.9 PD/sqmi. There were 1,129 housing units at an average density of 370.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 95.9% White, 0.6% African American, 0.6% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 1.5% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.1% of the population.

There were 1,015 households, of which 30.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.2% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.1% were non-families. 30.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.87.

The median age in the village was 39.7 years. 24.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.7% were from 25 to 44; 26.1% were from 45 to 64; and 16.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 47.7% male and 52.3% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,548 people, 1,060 households, and 693 families living in the village. The population density was 818.2 PD/sqmi. There were 1,126 housing units at an average density of 361.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.80% White, 0.35% African American, 0.24% Native American, 0.08% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.75% from other races, and 0.75% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.57% of the population.

There were 1,060 households, out of which 30.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.4% were married couples living together, 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.6% were non-families. 30.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.93.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.4% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 18.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $34,952, and the median income for a family was $51,029. Males had a median income of $38,424 versus $24,635 for females. The per capita income for the village was $19,408. About 7.0% of families and 9.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.0% of those under age 18 and 12.4% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Education in Chesaning had its beginnings during the summer of 1843 when a small board shanty was built on the east side of the river. Eliza Ann Smith was the first teacher. She had 11 pupils, which included her five younger brothers. The first school year was brought to an end when a heavy rainstorm flooded the building and sent the teacher and pupils fleeing to higher ground. The school moved several times over the years, until 1869, when a brick school was built for $14,000. The building was enlarged a few years later. Then a second brick school was constructed on the site of the first brick school and opened in 1918. A gymnasium was added to the school in 1938 and a few years later, a band room. The present high school opened in 1959 and had a capacity of 1,000 students. The building was later enlarged to accommodate 1,200 students. Today, Chesaning Union Schools consists of a high school, a middle school and one elementary school. The district includes a large rural area.

Zion Lutheran School is a grade school (Pre-K-8) of the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod in Chesaning.

Local media
Chesaning's local newspaper is the Tri-County Citizen. Founded in 1983, it is a weekly free paper delivered to over 19,000 area homes. Many residents also subscribe to The Saginaw News, The Bay City Times, the Flint Journal, or the Argus-Press out of neighboring Owosso.

Chesaning is an important location for broadcasters in Mid-Michigan, with the community being home to three nearly 1,000 foot communications towers. Flint's WJRT-TV and WSMH as well as Saginaw's WAQP have their antennas and transmitters south of Chesaning. The location gives broadcasters the ability to transmit strong signals to Flint, Saginaw, Bay City, and Lansing.

Radio stations from Saginaw, Flint and Lansing can be received in Chesaning. Exceptionally strong local signals include WSGW, WTLZ, WKCQ and WILZ in Saginaw; WHNN and WIOG in Bay City; and WOAP and WRSR in Owosso.

Chesaning Showboat Music Festival
Chesaning was known for an annual event called the Showboat. This festival was canceled in July 2013, citing lack of funds. The Showboat Committee later filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy protection.

title: Chesaning, Michigan


text:
Chesaning Township, Michigan

Chesaning Township is a civil township of Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 4,748 at the 2020 Census. The township was organized in 1847.

Communities

 * The village of Chesaning is located within the township.
 * Parshallburg is an unincorporated community within the township at Ditch and Niver Roads.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 34.7 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,861 people, 1,905 households, and 1,377 families residing in the township. The population density was 140.1 PD/sqmi. There were 1,992 housing units at an average density of 57.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the township was 97.33% White, 0.25% African American, 0.25% Native American, 0.08% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.32% from other races, and 0.76% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.24% of the population.

There were 1,905 households, out of which 32.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.4% were married couples living together, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.7% were non-families. 24.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the township the population was spread out, with 24.5% under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 27.3% from 25 to 44, 24.7% from 45 to 64, and 15.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.6 males.

The median income for a household in the township was $40,254, and the median income for a family was $50,233. Males had a median income of $38,854 versus $24,309 for females. The per capita income for the township was $19,839. About 4.6% of families and 6.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.2% of those under age 18 and 7.8% of those age 65 or over.

title: Chesaning Township, Michigan


text:
Frankenmuth, Michigan

Frankenmuth is a city in Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 4,987 at the 2020 census. The city is surrounded by Frankenmuth Township.

The city's name is a combination of two words. Franken represents the Region of Franconia in Bavaria from which the original settlers came, and the German word Mut means "courage". Thus, the name Frankenmuth means "courage of the Franconians". The most popular nickname is "Little Bavaria", in reference to the city's German heritage.

History
The area was settled and named by conservative Lutheran immigrants from Roßtal area of Franconia in Germany. The group of settlers left Germany aboard the Caroline on April 20, 1845, and arrived at Castle Garden in New York seven weeks later. They traveled via canals and the Great Lakes from New York to Detroit and arrived in August 1845. Sailing then on the Nelson Smith, the settlers made their way to Saginaw and traveled over land to what is now the city of Frankenmuth.

The purpose of the settlement was primarily religious. The Lutheran group planned to start a mission among the Native Americans. One of the first large buildings was a church. However, their attempts to convert the local groups failed because most of the Native Americans were forced away within a few years.

The settlers selected a hilly area that reminded them of their native Mittelfranken and began building rough shelters there. Frankenmuth was to be an exclusively German Lutheran community. The colonists pledged to remain loyal to Germany, specifically the Kingdom of Bavaria (Königreich Bayern), and to be faithful to the German language. Germans continued arriving until the start of the Second World War.

The community was originally part of Bridgeport Township and later Frankenmuth Township, Frankenmuth became a village in 1904. In 1938, the village hired its first village manager, Herbert L. Keinath. The village was incorporated as a city on October 1, 1959, with Keinath becoming city manager.

The nearby villages of Frankenlust, Frankentrost, and Frankenhilf (now known as Richville) further illustrate that the area remained a magnet for other Germans emigrating from the same region. The German, and in particular, Franconian culture of the town, has been preserved and passed down through the generations. The German language is still prevalent in signage and speech, and German speakers continue to reside in the town. In addition, the church of St. Lorenz offers monthly services in the German language.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.04 sqmi, of which 2.99 sqmi is land and 0.05 sqmi is water. The Cass River passes through the town.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 4,944 people, 2,200 households, and 1,313 families residing in the city. The population density was 1653.5 PD/sqmi. There were 2,396 housing units at an average density of 801.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 97.4% White, 0.5% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.8% Asian, 0.4% from other races, and 0.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.9% of the population.

There were 2,200 households, of which 23.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.5% were married couples living together, 7.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 40.3% were non-families. 37.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 22.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.82.

The median age in the city was 50.1 years. 19.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 17.9% were from 25 to 44; 28% were from 45 to 64; and 28.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 44.9% male and 55.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,838 people, 2,123 households, and 1,322 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,773.6 PD/sqmi. There were 2,240 housing units at an average density of 821.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 98.80% White, 0.27% African American, 0.21% Native American, 0.29% Asian, 0.06% from other races, and 0.37% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.95% of the population.

Citizens with German ancestry formed nearly 53% of the city population.

24.8% households had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.8% were married couples living together, 5.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.7% were non-families. 35.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.16 and the average family size was 2.82.

In the city, 20.4% of the population was under the age of 18, 4.7% from 18 to 24, 21.3% from 25 to 44, 25.3% from 45 to 64, and 28.3% was 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females, there were 80.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 75.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $51,153, and the median income for a family was $71,667. Males had a median income of $51,004 versus $29,959 for females. The per capita income for the city was $30,479. About 2.4% of families and 4.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.2% of those under age 18 and 7.7% of those age 65 or over.

Economy
Tourism and farming drive the local economy. Local festivals and other events are held to attract visitors throughout the year.

In addition to tourism, a significant number of residents in and around the community work in agriculture.

In late 2022, it was announced that the Bavarian Inn Lodge would break ground on a $80 million, 140,000 square foot expansion of the resort, with the water park becoming the largest indoor park in Michigan and the 4th largest in the world.

Architecture
The strong influence of Franconian-style architecture can be found in most areas of the city. Most buildings in the commercial district, as well as many homes, feature stylistic interpretations of the timber-framed buildings found in the Franconia region of Germany, which include timbers placed in "square" and "X" patterns on the outside of buildings, as well as the use of "X" patterns on windows, doors, and other building features.

Government
The city has a council–manager form of government. The city is served by the Frankenmuth School District.

Festivals

 * Oktoberfest: In 1990, Frankenmuth, also known as "Michigan's Little Bavaria," celebrated its first Oktoberfest. The Frankenmuth Oktoberfest celebrates German culture, heritage and love. Frankenmuth has a unique German heritage and culture. The Frankenmuth Oktoberfest strives to preserve and share the sights and sounds as well as the food and drink of the Munich Oktoberfest. The goal of the festival is to also retain and celebrate the local Bavarian heritage of the region.

 * By official proclamation of Lord Mayor Christian Ude on behalf of the German Parliament and city of Munich, Frankenmuth's Oktoberfest was declared in 1996 the first Oktoberfest to operate outside that city with the blessing of the original Oktoberfest. The event was also moved at that time into September to coincide with the opening of the Munich event. Also, for the first time in its history, the world-famous Hofbräuhaus brewery of Munich exported its beer to the United States. Local businessman Fred Schumacher, who later became president of Hofbräuhaus of America, handled the arrangements for getting the beer to Frankenmuth in time for the Oktoberfest. Frankenmuth's Oktoberfest is considered one of the most important and popular autumn festivals in the United States.

 * Frankenmuth Bavarian Festival: This is Michigan's largest Bavarian heritage festival. Beginning in 1959, it is an annual summer celebration of Bavarian culture and values through food, drink, traditional activities and music.
 * Frankenmuth SnowFest: Frankenmuth is also host to one of the top snow-sculpting events in North America, Zehnder's SnowFest, which includes the United States Collegiate National Ice Carving Championships.
 * Frankenmuth Fire Muster: For several years, on the last Saturday in July, the Great Lakes International Antique Fire Apparatus Association (GLIAFAA) holds their annual fire muster, complete with parade, at Heritage Park, displaying restored antique vintage fire trucks, along with several ambulances and police cars, for the public to view and learn a little about the vehicles, their time in active service, and how they came into the ownership of their preservationists, including several of the apparatus showing off their firefighting capabilities along the riverfront.
 * Frankenmuth Autofest: Held annually on the weekend following Labor Day, Frankenmuth Autofest is a three-day car show that draws over 2,500 classic cars, including muscle cars and street rods. The first day features a block party on Main Street, with the vehicles on display in Heritage Park the following two days. On the display days, a live DJ plays oldies music in the park, primarily focusing on rock and roll music of the 1950s and 1960s.
 * Michigan's Big Country Fest: An event showcasing country music held the third week of October.
 * Frankenmuth Dog Bowl and Balloons Over Bavarian Inn: Held on Memorial Day Weekend, this festival is billed as "the world's largest Olympic-style fest for dogs" and features dock and disc dog competitions, sheep herding demonstrations, agility competition, a pet costume contest and parade, a wiener dog race, and other events. In conjunction with Dog Bowl is Balloons Over Bavarian Inn, a competitive event for hot air balloons featuring balloon glow events each night and balloon flights each morning and evening of the festival.

Covered bridge

Zehnder's Holzbrücke (German for wooden bridge) is a wooden covered bridge, built in a style similar to those of the Black Forest or a river in Switzerland, over the Cass River in the middle of town. Though completed in 1979, the two-lane structure was constructed using traditional covered-bridge timber framing techniques. The floor joists and three-span Town lattice truss system of the 239 ft bridge are made of 100000 board feet of Douglas Fir, and the decking of 15960 board feet of 4 in planks. The area receiving the greatest wear is of oak, while the remainder is spruce. Approximately 20000 board feet of Douglas Fir make up the rafters, and the roof is shingled with cedar. An additional 4340 board feet of pine was required for the bridge side boards. The 230-ton structure was built in place on the east bank of the river, then pulled into position over the river with a capstan and pulleys. It is wide enough to accommodate two pedestrian walkways in addition to auto traffic.

Heritage Park
Heritage Park is Frankenmuth's best-known park. Located at 601 Weiss Street, it is home to many community activities, festivals, and large events. The Harvey E. Kern Community Pavilion is the newest addition, and has become a focal point of the park. Other features include four picnic pavilions, three ball diamonds, playgrounds, sand volleyball courts, basketball court, a 0.9 mi riverwalk pathway, and several facilities for festivals.

Silent-Night-Chapel Replica

A scale replica of the Silent-Night-Chapel, is located on the southern end of the property of Bronner's.

Frankenmuth News
The Frankenmuth News has been Frankenmuth's primary newspaper since 1906. It is released on a weekly basis (Wednesday for news stands and Thursday for residential) and focuses on issues of local concern.

Sister city

 * Gunzenhausen, Germany

Notable residents

 * Eduard Raimund Baierlein (1819–1901), German missionary
 * Frederick William Danker (1920–2012), lexicographer
 * Ludwig E. Fuerbringer (1864–1947), Lutheran academic
 * Kenneth Horn (1959–), Michigan state senator
 * Greta Van Fleet, rock band containing Josh Kiszka (Vocals), Jake Kiszka (Guitar), Sam Kiszka (Bass, Keyboard), and Danny Wagner (Drums)

title: Frankenmuth, Michigan


text:
Frankenmuth Township, Michigan

Frankenmuth Township is a civil township of Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 1,895 at the 2020 Census. The city of Frankenmuth is located within the survey township area, but the township and city are administrated autonomously.

Communities

 * Gera is an unincorporated community in the township on S. Gera Road (M-83) at the crossing with Huron and Eastern Railway south of Bradley Road and north of King Road. A post office operated from April 23, 1894, until April 30, 1954. It was originally named Frankenmuth Station.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 32.7 sqmi, of which 32.5 sqmi is land and 0.2 sqmi (0.49%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,049 people, 728 households, and 607 families residing in the township. The population density was 63.1 PD/sqmi. There were 746 housing units at an average density of 23.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the township was 97.76% White, 0.54% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.20% Asian, 0.29% from other races, and 1.12% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.15% of the population.

There were 728 households, out of which 35.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 77.3% were married couples living together, 3.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 16.5% were non-families. 15.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.79 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the township the population was spread out, with 27.0% under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 23.7% from 25 to 44, 29.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.8 males.

The median income for a household in the township was $61,480, and the median income for a family was $66,042. Males had a median income of $43,929 versus $31,027 for females. The per capita income for the township was $25,833. About 2.2% of families and 3.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.8% of those under age 18 and 7.0% of those age 65 or over.

title: Frankenmuth Township, Michigan


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Freeland, Michigan

Freeland is a census-designated place in Tittabawassee Township, Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is part of the Saginaw-Midland-Bay Metropolitan Area. As of the 2000 census, the CDP population was 5,147. The CDP covers an area in the central portion of Tittabawassee Township. The Freeland post office, ZIP code 48623, serves nearly the entire township, as well as portions of Midland and Williams townships to the north, Frankenlust and Kochville townships to the east, Thomas and Richland townships to the south, and Ingersoll Township to the west.

It is the location of MBS International Airport, which serves three major nearby cities: Saginaw, Bay City and Midland.

It is also the location of the Saginaw Correctional Facility, which is a level I, II and IV maximum security prison.

History
The place was home to Native Americans long before the arrival of European settlers. In the 1819 Treaty of Saginaw, in which the Chippewa, Ottawa, and Pottawatomi ceded a large portion of land including Saginaw County to the United States federal government. In that treaty, within the ceded territory, several tracts were reserved for specific groups of Chippewa. One such tract, Black Bird's Village, consisted of 6,000 acre on the Tittabawassee (named as the Tetabawasink river in the text of the treaty), very near to the present location of Freeland.

In the 1850s, lumbering outposts developed in the area, one of which was called "Loretta", which was given a post office named "Jay" in April 1856. The office was named for the first postmaster, Jefferson Jaqruth. This outpost was very nearly at the geographical center of Tittawabasse Township. Another settlement was placed just a little to the north. in 1867, one resident of the second locale, George Truesdale, instigated moving the post office from Loretta to his settlement, which retained the name of Jay for several years afterwards.

The name of Freeland comes from "Mammy Freeland" who operated a popular tavern on the river, frequented by lumbermen and rivermen, who came to refer to the entire settlement as Freeland. The name of the post office was changed to Freeland in January 1879. It was also a station on the Pere Marquette Railroad. By another account (Moore), the Freeland family name was prominent in business and politics of the area.

During World War II, the airport now known as MBS international was used to hold German and Japanese prisoners of war.

In 1985, Freeland's Lions Clubs International chapter began the annual Freeland Walleye Festival.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 6.7 sqmi, of which 6.7 sqmi is land and 0.04 sqmi (0.45%) is water.

Notable people

 * Aleda E. Lutz, WWII Army Flight Nurse, second most decorated woman in U.S. history.

2000 Census
As of the census of 2000, there were 5,147 people, 1,441 households, and 1,115 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 769.7 PD/sqmi. There were 1,527 housing units at an average density of 228.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 82.86% White, 13.04% African American, 0.64% Native American, 0.49% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.82% from other races, and 2.10% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.17% of the population.

There were 1,441 households, out of which 40.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.4% were married couples living together, 9.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.6% were non-families. 18.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.08.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 22.1% under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 43.3% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 6.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 161.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 182.6 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $55,455, and the median income for a family was $67,083. Males had a median income of $50,225 versus $33,306 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $20,470. About 2.7% of families and 2.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.0% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over.

Climate
This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Freeland has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.

Transportation
The main highway running through Freeland is M-47, which goes northbound to US-10, and southbound towards Thomas Township, Michigan, and Saginaw, Michigan

title: Freeland, Michigan


text:
Fremont Township, Saginaw County, Michigan

Fremont Township is a civil township of Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 1,998 at the 2020 Census.

Communities

 * Nelson is an unincorporated community in the township at Nelson and Hemlock Roads. A post office operated from June 4, 1883, until May 31, 1912.
 * Roosevelt is an unincorporated community in the township at Lakefield and Fordney Roads. A post office operated from September 26, 1901, until June 30, 1902.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 36.8 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,099 people, 745 households, and 616 families residing in the township. The population density was 57.1 PD/sqmi. There were 772 housing units at an average density of 21.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the township was 97.33% White, 0.10% African American, 0.52% Native American, 0.33% Asian, 0.67% from other races, and 1.05% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.05% of the population.

There were 745 households, out of which 37.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.7% were married couples living together, 8.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.3% were non-families. 15.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.82 and the average family size was 3.13.

In the township the population was spread out, with 26.5% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 29.0% from 45 to 64, and 9.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.7 males.

The median income for a household in the township was $47,841, and the median income for a family was $50,385. Males had a median income of $37,115 versus $27,167 for females. The per capita income for the township was $19,210. About 7.2% of families and 9.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.2% of those under age 18 and 6.0% of those age 65 or over.

Historical marker
The Fowler Schoolhouse, built in 1882, was the first frame school building for School District No. 1. The school closed in 1943 and was moved from its original site to a rural setting on Murphy Farm, a public education resource operated by the Hartley Outdoor Education Center, where it will be restored.


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Hemlock, Michigan

Hemlock is an unincorporated community in Richland Township, Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is also a census-designated place (CDP) for statistical purposes, but without any legal status as an incorporated municipality. The population of the CDP was 1,585 at the 2000 census. The area included in the CDP is in the south central portion of Richland Township. The Hemlock post office, with ZIP code 48626, serves nearly all of Richland Township, as well as portions of Fremont Township to the south, small areas of Thomas and Swan Creek townships to the southeast, and part of Ingersoll Township to the north in Midland County.

History
The community was first settled in 1865. A Post Office was established in 1869 with the name "Hemlock City". This was shortened to Hemlock in 1895. Its annual festival, known as Sawdust Days, is held in September. The festival started in the late 1970s after the local hardware store held a chainsaw promotion and demonstration on the third Saturday of September.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.5 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,585 people, 618 households, and 443 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 624.1 PD/sqmi. There were 650 housing units at an average density of 255.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.98% White, 0.13% African American, 0.32% Native American, 0.06% Asian, 1.32% from other races, and 0.19% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.78% of the population.

Out of the 618 households, 38.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.1% were married couples living together, 15.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.3% were non-families. 24.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 29.5% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 30.6% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 12.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.7 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $40,846, and the median income for a family was $45,074. Males had a median income of $42,448 versus $23,512 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $18,085. About 9.5% of families and 9.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.1% of those under age 18 and 7.0% of those age 65 or over.

title: Hemlock, Michigan


text:
James Township, Michigan

James Township is a civil township of Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 1,792 at the 2020 Census.

Communities

 * Swan Creek is an unincorporated community on the border with Swan Creek Township at Swan Creek and Van Wormer Roads.
 * A small portion of Shields, a census-designated place, extends into James Township.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 19.5 sqmi, of which 18.2 sqmi is land and 1.4 sqmi (6.92%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,930 people, 745 households, and 578 families residing in the township. The population density was 106.3 PD/sqmi. There were 763 housing units at an average density of 42.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the township was 97.51% White, 0.10% African American, 0.41% Native American, 0.05% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.52% from other races, and 1.35% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.16% of the population.

There were 745 households, out of which 32.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.7% were married couples living together, 7.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.3% were non-families. 18.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the township the population was spread out, with 23.4% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 30.6% from 45 to 64, and 10.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 106.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.2 males.

The median income for a household in the township was $54,286, and the median income for a family was $59,922. Males had a median income of $42,469 versus $27,371 for females. The per capita income for the township was $22,340. About 3.1% of families and 3.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.7% of those under age 18 and 8.7% of those age 65 or over.

title: James Township, Michigan


text:
Jonesfield Township, Michigan

Jonesfield Township is a civil township of Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 1,618 at the 2020 Census. The Village of Merrill is located within Jonesfield Township.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 25.2 sqmi, all land.

Major highways

 * is a north–south route that forms the western boundary of the township.
 * serves as an east–west thoroughfare within the township.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,710 people, 652 households, and 490 families residing in the township. The population density was 67.9 PD/sqmi. There were 674 housing units at an average density of 26.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the township was 98.13% White, 0.06% African American, 0.53% Native American, 0.82% from other races, and 0.47% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.28% of the population.

There were 652 households, out of which 33.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.7% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.7% were non-families. 21.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the township the population was spread out, with 24.7% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 28.2% from 25 to 44, 23.2% from 45 to 64, and 15.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.1 males.

The median income for a household in the township was $41,992, and the median income for a family was $45,921. Males had a median income of $39,773 versus $29,519 for females. The per capita income for the township was $19,348. About 5.1% of families and 7.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.3% of those under age 18 and 8.9% of those age 65 or over.

title: Jonesfield Township, Michigan


text:
Talk:Second-order desire

I'm not sure how to do this, but all the capital, singular/plural, and with-or-without dashes variations of First order desires, second-order desire, and Higher order desire should redirect respectively. The account of second order desire here is more developed, so it would be nice to link to it from higher order desire, and first order desire, and so on.

Also, is it correct that there are only two orders of desire? Why is that supposed?

related to metacognition? the thinking of thinking? --dgd
 * dgd: yes, it is related to metacognition. Humans are capable of reflexive thought or reflexive desiring, and yet although there are an infinity of orders of such thoughts or desires, humans only ever occupy the lower few rungs (2-3 I guess). So, as to the claim that "there are only two orders of desire", it might not be 100% true, but it is certaintly very close to the truth. Maybe there are three instead of only two, but there are certaintly not 5 million. And yet, as a logical possibility, an infinite number exist. -- samkat

Much of the content in this article has a stream-of-consciousness flavor. It makes it hard to read, and probably is best defined as original research. I'm going to cut it out. Also, the list of combinations of first- and second-order desires is redundant, because "I desire x, but desire to desire ~x" has the same structure as "I desire ~x, but desire to desire x". -- Alan McBeth 19:11, 21 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Second-order desire


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Kochville Township, Michigan

Kochville Township is a general law township of Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 4,911 at the 2020 census. It is the home of Saginaw Valley State University.

Communities

 * Kochville is an unincorporated community in the Township at Liberty and Michigan Roads. German-born Frederick Charles Koch settled here in 1849, and the township was named for him when organized in 1856. On May 15, 1890, the settlement was given a post office named "Phillips", after its first postmaster, David Phillips. The office was renamed Kochville on May 23, 1892, and continued until closing on January 31, 1901.
 * Lawndale is an unincorporated community on the boundary between Kochville Township and Saginaw Township.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 18.8 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,241 people, 950 households, and 612 families residing in the township. The population density was 172.4 PD/sqmi. There were 990 housing units at an average density of 52.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the township was 88.43% White, 6.39% African American, 0.22% Native American, 2.07% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 1.36% from other races, and 1.51% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.42% of the population.

There were 950 households, out of which 27.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.3% were married couples living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.5% were non-families. 25.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.96.

In the township the population was spread out, with 15.9% under the age of 18, 36.3% from 18 to 24, 21.2% from 25 to 44, 18.0% from 45 to 64, and 8.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 24 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.1 males.

The median income for a household in the township was $42,545, and the median income for a family was $53,333. Males had a median income of $40,518 versus $20,859 for females. The per capita income for the township was $16,312. About 8.3% of families and 15.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.4% of those under age 18 and 5.6% of those age 65 or over.

title: Kochville Township, Michigan


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Lakefield Township, Saginaw County, Michigan

Lakefield Township is a civil township of Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 894 at the 2020 Census.

Communities

 * Galloway is an unincorporated community on the boundary between Lakefield Township in Saginaw County and Lafayette Township in Gratiot County.
 * Lakefield is an unincorporated community in the township at Lakefield and Merrill Roads. A post office operated from July 15, 1892, until September 14, 1903.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 24.1 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,030 people, 357 households, and 293 families residing in the township. The population density was 42.7 PD/sqmi. There were 369 housing units at an average density of 15.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the township was 96.70% White, 0.19% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.29% Asian, 1.26% from other races, and 1.46% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.88% of the population.

There were 357 households, out of which 38.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 76.5% were married couples living together, 4.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.9% were non-families. 13.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.89 and the average family size was 3.22.

In the township the population was spread out, with 27.3% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 26.4% from 45 to 64, and 10.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.7 males.

The median income for a household in the township was $44,500, and the median income for a family was $49,306. Males had a median income of $38,750 versus $26,731 for females. The per capita income for the township was $22,265. About 4.4% of families and 5.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.8% of those under age 18 and 10.7% of those age 65 or over.


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Maple Grove Township, Saginaw County, Michigan

Maple Grove Township is a civil township of Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 2,676 at the 2020 Census.

Communities

 * Layton Corners is an unincorporated community in the township at M-57/Peet Road and Lincoln Road. A post office operated from May 16, 1878, until August 31, 1907.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 36.7 square miles (95.0 km2), of which 35.6 square miles (92.3 km2) is land and 1.0 square mile (2.7 km2) (2.81%) is water. Misteguay Creek flows northward through the eastern part of the township.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,640 people, 946 households, and 761 families residing in the township. The population density was 74.1 PD/sqmi. There were 967 housing units at an average density of 27.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the township was 97.54% White, 0.87% African American, 0.23% Native American, 0.08% Asian, 0.68% from other races, and 0.61% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.48% of the population.

There were 946 households, out of which 33.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.7% were married couples living together, 5.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.5% were non-families. 15.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.75 and the average family size was 3.06.

In the township the population was spread out, with 24.7% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 27.9% from 25 to 44, 28.0% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.3 males.

The median income for a household in the township was $56,111, and the median income for a family was $61,296. Males had a median income of $50,435 versus $26,488 for females. The per capita income for the township was $24,506. About 4.4% of families and 6.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.8% of those under age 18 and 8.4% of those age 65 or over.


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Marion Township, Saginaw County, Michigan

Marion Township is a civil township of Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 759 at the 2020 Census.

Communities

 * Fordney is an unincorporated community in the township at Chapin and Schroeder Roads. A post office operated from October 23, 1899, until February 28, 1903.
 * Marion Springs is an unincorporated community in the township at Marion and Merrill Road. A post office operated from July 13, 1892, until August 31, 1907.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 24.6 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 925 people, 324 households, and 250 families residing in the township. The population density was 37.5 PD/sqmi. There were 348 housing units at an average density of 14.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the township was 97.08% White, 0.11% African American, 1.19% Native American, 0.65% Asian, 0.11% from other races, and 0.86% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.30% of the population.

There were 324 households, out of which 41.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.3% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.8% were non-families. 18.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.84 and the average family size was 3.24.

In the township the population was spread out, with 29.0% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 30.8% from 25 to 44, 23.6% from 45 to 64, and 7.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.5 males.

The median income for a household in the township was $38,333, and the median income for a family was $40,446. Males had a median income of $38,750 versus $23,125 for females. The per capita income for the township was $16,703. About 11.8% of families and 14.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.1% of those under age 18 and 13.5% of those age 65 or over.


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Merrill, Michigan

Merrill is a village in Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 663 at the 2020 census. The village is located within Jonesfield Township.

History
The area was uninhabited until 1872 when the Saginaw Valley and St. Louis Railroad developed into the area. A local resident named Greene established a sawmill here, and a new settlement began to grow around it. A post office named Greene opened on May 21, 1875. Merchants also moved to the area and began setting up businesses along a nearby crossroad, and this site became known as Merrill by 1881. The name came from N. W. Merrill, who was a railroad worker that befriended and assisted the locals during forest fires that same year. The Greene post office was renamed Merrill on November 2, 1881. Merrill incorporated as a village in 1889.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.69 sqmi, all land.

Major highways

 * runs west–east through the center of the village.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 778 people, 295 households, and 209 families living in the village. The population density was 1111.4 PD/sqmi. There were 311 housing units at an average density of 444.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 95.0% White, 1.2% African American, 0.5% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 1.8% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.7% of the population.

There were 295 households, of which 35.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.2% were married couples living together, 13.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 29.2% were non-families. 25.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.02.

The median age in the village was 39.5 years. 24.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.8% were from 25 to 44; 25.6% were from 45 to 64; and 17.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 48.3% male and 51.7% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 782 people, 300 households, and 210 families living in the village. The population density was 1,141.4 PD/sqmi. There were 310 housing units at an average density of 452.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 96.55% White, 0.13% African American, 1.15% Native American, 1.66% from other races, and 0.51% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.09% of the population.

There were 300 households, out of which 36.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.0% were married couples living together, 11.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.0% were non-families. 25.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 26.0% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 29.9% from 25 to 44, 19.3% from 45 to 64, and 16.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.3 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $36,167, and the median income for a family was $40,278. Males had a median income of $35,469 versus $29,028 for females. The per capita income for the village was $19,312. About 5.4% of families and 8.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.8% of those under age 18 and 10.3% of those age 65 or over.

title: Merrill, Michigan


text:
Oakley, Michigan

Oakley is a village in Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 290 at the 2010 census. The village is within Brady Township, although about half of the village would lie within Chesaning Township on the east, if the boundary line had not been adjusted.

History
Originally the area was called Mickleville. Philip Mickle, who owned a tavern there in 1842, became the first postmaster of Mickleville on March 12, 1856. That post office was moved to the hamlet of Havana on April 18, 1860, which was two miles southeast of Oakleys present location. In 1868, Andrew Huggins plotted and recorded the village of Oakley and the post office was moved from Havana. It was named for Judge Oakley of Dutchess County, New York, a relative of one of its citizens. Oakley was incorporated as a village in 1887.

In 1880 Oakley had a population of 350, one school, three dry-goods stores, two grocers, two drug stores and two hardware stores. It had a factory that employed 40 people.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.03 sqmi, of which, 1.02 sqmi of it is land and 0.01 sqmi is water.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 290 people, 116 households, and 76 families residing in the village. The population density was 284.3 PD/sqmi. There were 135 housing units at an average density of 132.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 95.2% White, 3.8% African American, 0.7% Native American, and 0.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.8% of the population.

There were 116 households, of which 24.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.7% were married couples living together, 13.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 34.5% were non-families. 28.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.07.

The median age in the village was 42.7 years. 22.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.1% were from 25 to 44; 28.5% were from 45 to 64; and 17.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 47.2% male and 52.8% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 339 people, 136 households, and 85 families residing in the village. The population density was 332.5 PD/sqmi. There were 146 housing units at an average density of 143.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.35% White, 0.29% Native American, 0.29% Pacific Islander, 0.59% from other races, and 1.47% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.01% of the population.

There were 136 households, out of which 31.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.5% were married couples living together, 8.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.8% were non-families. 27.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 3.13.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 26.0% under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 30.4% from 25 to 44, 18.9% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.1 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $32,159, and the median income for a family was $36,458. Males had a median income of $25,938 versus $22,500 for females. The per capita income for the village was $17,403. About 7.1% of families and 9.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.7% of those under age 18 and 9.3% of those age 65 or over.

Police department
Starting in 2009, the police department began to award donors with credentials as reserve policemen. By 2014, the department had about 100 reserve officers to protect a township with a population about 300. The reserve policemen had badges and identifications that exempted them from pistol-free zones while carrying concealed. Some seem to have also retained bulletproof vests and other equipment bought by the village with their donations.

The village disbanded its police department in September 2014 after the Michigan Township Participating Plan cancelled liability insurance for the department over concerns of its use of untrained police officers.

In October, a village official secured insurance from other sources and briefly tried to reestablish the department. This attempt was ended by a court ruling. The village has resisted requests for the names of donors to the police fund and the names of those who served as reserve officers. Issues related to the police department became important politically in the run-up to the November 2014 elections. In late November, the new town council voted to reinstate the police department.

In February 2015, press reports indicated the village had relented and made available lists of at least some of the reserve officers and donors to the village. News reports said the list were incorrect and incomplete.

title: Oakley, Michigan


text:
Richland Township, Saginaw County, Michigan

Richland Township is a civil township of Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The 2020 Census placed the population at 3,955, which is a decrease from the 4,144 residents recorded at the 2010 Census.

Communities

 * Hemlock is an unincorporated community and census-designated place of at the center of the township and holds the township offices.
 * Iva is an unincorporated community at Dice and Iva Road. A post office operated from December 7, 1894, until October 14, 1904.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 37.1 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,281 people, 1,567 households, and 1,220 families residing in the township. The population density was 115.4 PD/sqmi. There were 1,638 housing units at an average density of 44.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the township was 98.22% White, 0.07% African American, 0.23% Native American, 0.21% Asian, 0.79% from other races, and 0.47% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.96% of the population.

There were 1,567 households, out of which 37.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.8% were married couples living together, 10.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.1% were non-families. 19.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.10.

In the township the population was spread out, with 27.8% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 29.1% from 25 to 44, 24.2% from 45 to 64, and 11.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.0 males.

The median income for a household in the township was $45,580, and the median income for a family was $51,304. Males had a median income of $41,556 versus $24,351 for females. The per capita income for the township was $19,362. About 5.3% of families and 5.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.4% of those under age 18 and 5.1% of those age 65 or over.


text:
Robin Glen-Indiantown, Michigan

Robin Glen-Indiantown is a census-designated place (CDP) in Buena Vista Charter Township, Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The CDP is used for statistical purposes and has no legal status as an incorporated municipality. The population was 1,158 at the 2000 census.

The CDP includes the unincorporated community of Indiantown near the junction of N. Portsmouth Rd and Becker Rd at 43.47222°N, -83.83667°W The CDP also includes the Robin Glen Mobile Home Community at the southwest corner of E. Washington Rd (M-81) and N. Portsmouth.

Indiantown is an important location for broadcasters in Mid-Michigan, with the community being home to three 1,000 foot communications towers. Television stations WNEM and WBSF, as well as radio stations WIOG and WSGW broadcast from Indiantown. Furthermore, WMJO and WHNN also broadcast from the Indiantown area, however their transmitters are physically located in Munger and Quanicassee, respectively.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.1 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,158 people, 463 households, and 306 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 540.7 PD/sqmi. There were 489 housing units at an average density of 228.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 91.71% White, 2.33% African American, 0.52% Native American, 2.59% from other races, and 2.85% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.65% of the population.

There were 463 households, out of which 39.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.9% were married couples living together, 19.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.7% were non-families. 27.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 30.3% under the age of 18, 9.3% from 18 to 24, 35.5% from 25 to 44, 18.7% from 45 to 64, and 6.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.9 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $31,613, and the median income for a family was $31,908. Males had a median income of $31,500 versus $15,625 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $19,145. About 15.9% of families and 14.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.0% of those under age 18 and 14.3% of those age 65 or over.

title: Robin Glen-Indiantown, Michigan