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Matthew Arnold

Matthew Arnold (24 December 1822 – 15 April 1888) was an English poet and cultural critic. He was the son of Thomas Arnold, the headmaster of Rugby School, and brother to both Tom Arnold, literary professor, and William Delafield Arnold, novelist and colonial administrator. He has been characterised as a sage writer, a type of writer who chastises and instructs the reader on contemporary social issues. He was also an inspector of schools for thirty-five years, and supported the concept of state-regulated secondary education.

Early years
He was the eldest son of Thomas Arnold and his wife Mary Penrose Arnold, born on 24 December 1822 at Laleham-on-Thames, Middlesex. John Keble stood as godfather to Matthew.

In 1828, Thomas Arnold was appointed Headmaster of Rugby School, where the family took up residence, that year. From 1831, Arnold was tutored by his clerical uncle, John Buckland, in Laleham. In 1834, the Arnolds occupied a holiday home, Fox How, in the Lake District. There William Wordsworth was a neighbour and close friend.

In 1836, Arnold was sent to Winchester College, but in 1837 he returned to Rugby School. He moved to the sixth form in 1838 and so came under the direct tutelage of his father. He wrote verse for a family magazine, and won school prizes. His prize poem, "Alaric at Rome", was printed at Rugby.

In November 1840, aged 17, Arnold matriculated at Balliol College, Oxford, where in 1841 he won an open scholarship, graduating B.A. in 1844. During his student years at Oxford, his friendship became stronger with Arthur Hugh Clough, a Rugby pupil who had been one of his father's favourites. He attended John Henry Newman's sermons at the University Church of St Mary the Virgin but did not join the Oxford Movement. After his father's death in 1842, Fox How became the family's permanent residence. His poem Cromwell won the 1843 Newdigate prize. He graduated in the following year with second class honours in Literae Humaniores.

In 1845, after a short interlude of teaching at Rugby, Arnold was elected Fellow of Oriel College, Oxford. In 1847, he became Private Secretary to Lord Lansdowne, Lord President of the Council. In 1849, he published his first book of poetry, The Strayed Reveller. In 1850 Wordsworth died; Arnold published his "Memorial Verses" on the older poet in Fraser's Magazine.

Marriage and career
Wishing to marry but unable to support a family on the wages of a private secretary, Arnold sought the position of and was appointed in April 1851 one of Her Majesty's Inspectors of Schools. Two months later, he married Frances Lucy, daughter of Sir William Wightman, Justice of the Queen's Bench.

Arnold often described his duties as a school inspector as "drudgery" although "at other times he acknowledged the benefit of regular work." The inspectorship required him, at least at first, to travel constantly and across much of England. As narrated by Stefan Collini in his 1988 book on Arnold: "Initially, Arnold was responsible for inspecting Nonconformist schools across a broad swath of central England. He spent many dreary hours during the 1850s in railway waiting rooms and small-town hotels, and longer hours still listening to children reciting their lessons and parents reciting their grievances. But that also meant that he, among the first generation of the railway age, travelled across more of England than any man of letters had ever done. Although his duties were later confined to a smaller area, Arnold knew the society of provincial England better than most of the metropolitan authors and politicians of the day."

Literary career
In 1852, Arnold published his second volume of poems, Empedocles on Etna, and Other Poems. In 1853, he published Poems: A New Edition, a selection from the two earlier volumes famously excluding Empedocles on Etna, but adding new poems, Sohrab and Rustum and The Scholar Gipsy. In 1854, Poems: Second Series appeared; also a selection, it included the new poem Balder Dead.

Arnold was elected Professor of Poetry at Oxford in 1857, and he was the first in this position to deliver his lectures in English rather than in Latin. He was re-elected in 1862. On Translating Homer (1861) and the initial thoughts that Arnold would transform into Culture and Anarchy were among the fruits of the Oxford lectures. In 1859, he conducted the first of three trips to the continent at the behest of parliament to study European educational practices. He self-published The Popular Education of France (1861), the introduction to which was later published under the title Democracy (1879). In 1865, Arnold published Essays in Criticism: First Series. Essays in Criticism: Second Series would not appear until November 1888, shortly after his death. In 1866, he published Thyrsis, his elegy to Clough who had died in 1861. Culture and Anarchy, Arnold's major work in social criticism (and one of the few pieces of his prose work currently in print) was published in 1869. Literature and Dogma, Arnold's major work in religious criticism appeared in 1873. In 1883 and 1884, Arnold toured the United States and Canada delivering lectures on education, democracy and Ralph Waldo Emerson. He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1883. In 1886, he retired from school inspection and made another trip to America. An edition of Poems by Matthew Arnold, with an introduction by A. C. Benson and illustrations by Henry Ospovat, was published in 1900 by John Lane.

Death
Arnold died suddenly in 1888 of heart failure whilst running to meet a tram that would have taken him to the Liverpool Landing Stage to see his daughter, who was visiting from the United States where she had moved after marrying an American. His wife died in June 1901.

Character
"Matthew Arnold", wrote G. W. E. Russell in Portraits of the Seventies, is "a man of the world entirely free from worldliness and a man of letters without the faintest trace of pedantry". Arnold was a familiar figure at the Athenaeum Club, a frequent diner-out and guest at great country houses, charming, fond of fishing (but not of shooting), and a lively conversationalist, with a self-consciously cultivated air combining foppishness and Olympian grandeur. He read constantly, widely, and deeply, and in the intervals of supporting himself and his family by the quiet drudgery of school inspecting, filled notebook after notebook with meditations of an almost monastic tone. In his writings, he often baffled and sometimes annoyed his contemporaries by the apparent contradiction between his urbane, even frivolous manner in controversy, and the "high seriousness" of his critical views and the melancholy, almost plaintive note of much of his poetry. "A voice poking fun in the wilderness" was T. H. Warren's description of him.

Poetry
Arnold's literary career — aside from two youthful prize poems — had begun in 1849 with the publication of The Strayed Reveller and Other Poems by A., which attracted little notice and was soon withdrawn. It contained what is perhaps Arnold's most purely poetical poem, "The Forsaken Merman." Empedocles on Etna and Other Poems (among them "Tristram and Iseult"), published in 1852, had a similar fate. In 1858 he published his tragedy of Merope, calculated, he wrote to a friend, "rather to inaugurate my Professorship with dignity than to move deeply the present race of humans," and chiefly remarkable for some experiments in unusual – and unsuccessful – metres. Arnold is sometimes called the third great Victorian poet, along with Alfred, Lord Tennyson, and Robert Browning.

Harold Bloom echoes Arnold's self-characterization in his introduction (as series editor) to the Modern Critical Views volume on Arnold: "Arnold got into his poetry what Tennyson and Browning scarcely needed (but absorbed anyway), the main march of mind of his time." Of his poetry, Bloom says,

"Whatever his achievement as a critic of literature, society, or religion, his work as a poet may not merit the reputation it has continued to hold in the twentieth century. Arnold is, at his best, a very good but highly derivative poet. ... As with Tennyson, Hopkins, and Rossetti, Arnold's dominant precursor was Keats, but this is an unhappy puzzle, since Arnold (unlike the others) professed not to admire Keats greatly, while writing his own elegiac poems in a diction, meter, imagistic procedure, that are embarrassingly close to Keats."

Sir Edmund Chambers noted that "in a comparison between the best works of Matthew Arnold and that of his six greatest contemporaries ... the proportion of work which endures is greater in the case of Matthew Arnold than in any one of them." Chambers judged Arnold's poetic vision by

"its simplicity, lucidity, and straightforwardness; its literalness ...; the sparing use of aureate words, or of far-fetched words, which are all the more effective when they come; the avoidance of inversions, and the general directness of syntax, which gives full value to the delicacies of a varied rhythm, and makes it, of all verse that I know, the easiest to read aloud."

His 1867 poem "Dover Beach" depicted a nightmarish world from which the old religious verities have receded. It is sometimes held up as an early, if not the first, example of the modern sensibility. In a famous preface to a selection of the poems of William Wordsworth, Arnold identified, a little ironically, as a "Wordsworthian". The influence of Wordsworth, both in ideas and in diction, is unmistakable in Arnold's best poetry. "Dover Beach" is included in Ray Bradbury's novel Fahrenheit 451, and is featured prominently in the novel Saturday by Ian McEwan. It has been quoted or alluded to in a variety of other contexts (see Dover Beach). Henry James wrote that Arnold's poetry will appeal to those who "like their pleasures rare" and who like to hear the poet "taking breath". He derived the subject matter of his narrative poems from traditional or literary sources, and much of the romantic melancholy of his earlier poems from Senancour's "Obermann".

Arnold was keenly aware of his place in poetry. In an 1869 letter to his mother, he wrote:

"My poems represent, on the whole, the main movement of mind of the last quarter of a century, and thus they will probably have their day as people become conscious to themselves of what that movement of mind is, and interested in the literary productions which reflect it. It might be fairly urged that I have less poetical sentiment than Tennyson and less intellectual vigour and abundance than Browning; yet because I have perhaps more of a fusion of the two than either of them, and have more regularly applied that fusion to the main line of modern development, I am likely enough to have my turn as they have had theirs."

Stefan Collini regards this as "an exceptionally frank, but not unjust, self-assessment. ... Arnold's poetry continues to have scholarly attention lavished upon it, in part because it seems to furnish such striking evidence for several central aspects of the intellectual history of the nineteenth century, especially the corrosion of 'Faith' by 'Doubt'. No poet, presumably, would wish to be summoned by later ages merely as an historical witness, but the sheer intellectual grasp of Arnold's verse renders it peculiarly liable to this treatment."

Prose
Assessing the importance of Arnold's prose work in 1988, Stefan Collini stated, "for reasons to do with our own cultural preoccupations as much as with the merits of his writing, the best of his prose has a claim on us today that cannot be matched by his poetry." "Certainly there may still be some readers who, vaguely recalling 'Dover Beach' or 'The Scholar Gipsy' from school anthologies, are surprised to find he 'also' wrote prose."

George Watson follows George Saintsbury in dividing Arnold's career as a prose writer into three phases: 1) early literary criticism that begins with his preface to the 1853 edition of his poems and ends with the first series of Essays in Criticism (1865); 2) a prolonged middle period (overlapping the first and third phases) characterised by social, political and religious writing (roughly 1860–1875); 3) a return to literary criticism with the selecting and editing of collections of Wordsworth's and Byron's poetry and the second series of Essays in Criticism. Both Watson and Saintsbury declare their preference for Arnold's literary criticism over his social or religious criticism.  More recent writers, such as Collini, have shown a greater interest in his social writing, while over the years a significant second tier of criticism has focused on Arnold's religious writing.  His writing on education has not drawn a significant critical endeavour separable from the criticism of his social writings.

Selections from the Prose Work of Matthew Arnold

Literary criticism
Arnold's work as a literary critic began with the 1853 "Preface to the Poems". In it, he attempted to explain his extreme act of self-censorship in excluding the dramatic poem "Empedocles on Etna". With its emphasis on the importance of subject in poetry, on "clearness of arrangement, rigor of development, simplicity of style" learned from the Greeks, and in the strong imprint of Goethe and Wordsworth, may be observed nearly all the essential elements in his critical theory. George Watson described the preface, written by the thirty-one-year-old Arnold, as "oddly stiff and graceless when we think of the elegance of his later prose."

Criticism began to take first place in Arnold's writing with his appointment in 1857 to the professorship of poetry at Oxford, which he held for two successive terms of five years. In 1861 his lectures On Translating Homer were published, to be followed in 1862 by Last Words on Translating Homer. Especially characteristic, both of his defects and his qualities, are on the one hand, Arnold's unconvincing advocacy of English hexameters and his creation of a kind of literary absolute in the "grand style," and, on the other, his keen feeling of the need for a disinterested and intelligent criticism in England.

Although Arnold's poetry received only mixed reviews and attention during his lifetime, his forays into literary criticism were more successful. Arnold is famous for introducing a methodology of literary criticism somewhere between the historicist approach common to many critics at the time and the personal essay; he often moved quickly and easily from literary subjects to political and social issues. His Essays in Criticism (1865, 1888), remains a significant influence on critics to this day, and his prefatory essay to that collection, "The Function of Criticism at the Present Time", is one of the most influential essays written on the role of the critic in identifying and elevating literature – even while saying, "The critical power is of lower rank than the creative." Comparing himself to the French liberal essayist Ernest Renan, who sought to inculcate morality in France, Arnold saw his role as inculcating intelligence in England. In one of his most famous essays on the topic, "The Study of Poetry", Arnold wrote that, "Without poetry, our science will appear incomplete; and most of what now passes with us for religion and philosophy will be replaced by poetry". He considered the most important criteria used to judge the value of a poem were "high truth" and "high seriousness". By this standard, Chaucer's Canterbury Tales did not merit Arnold's approval. Further, Arnold thought the works that had been proven to possess both "high truth" and "high seriousness", such as those of Shakespeare and Milton, could be used as a basis of comparison to determine the merit of other works of poetry. He also sought for literary criticism to remain disinterested, and said that the appreciation should be of "the object as in itself it really is."

Social criticism
He was led on from literary criticism to a more general critique of the spirit of his age. Between 1867 and 1869 he wrote Culture and Anarchy, famous for the term he popularised for the middle class of the English Victorian era population: "Philistines", a word which derives its modern cultural meaning (in English – the German-language usage was well established) from him. Culture and Anarchy is also famous for its popularisation of the phrase "sweetness and light", first coined by Jonathan Swift.

In Culture and Anarchy, Arnold identifies himself as a Liberal and "a believer in culture" and takes up what historian Richard Bellamy calls the "broadly Gladstonian effort to transform the Liberal Party into a vehicle of political moralism." Arnold viewed with scepticism the plutocratic grasping in socioeconomic affairs, and engaged the questions which vexed many Victorian liberals on the nature of power and the state's role in moral guidance. Arnold vigorously attacked the Nonconformists and the arrogance of "the great Philistine middle-class, the master force in our politics." The Philistines were "humdrum people, slaves to routine, enemies to light" who believed that England's greatness was due to her material wealth alone and took little interest in culture. Liberal education was essential, and by that Arnold meant a close reading and attachment to the cultural classics, coupled with critical reflection. Arnold saw the "experience" and "reflection" of Liberalism as naturally leading to the ethical end of "renouncement," as evoking the "best self" to suppress one's "ordinary self." Despite his quarrels with the Nonconformists, Arnold remained a loyal Liberal throughout his life, and in 1883, William Gladstone awarded him an annual pension of 250 pounds "as a public recognition of service to the poetry and literature of England."

Many subsequent critics such as Edward Alexander, Lionel Trilling, George Scialabba and Russell Jacoby have emphasised the liberal character of Arnold's thought. Hugh Stuart Jones describes Arnold's work as a "liberal critique of Victorian liberalism" while Alan S. Kahan places Arnold's critique of middle-class philistinism, materialism, and mediocrity within the tradition of 'aristocratic liberalism' as exemplified by liberal thinkers such as John Stuart Mill and Alexis de Tocqueville.

Arnold's "want of logic and thoroughness of thought" as noted by John M. Robertson in Modern Humanists was an aspect of the inconsistency of which Arnold was accused. Few of his ideas were his own, and he failed to reconcile the conflicting influences which moved him so strongly. "There are four people, in especial," he once wrote to Cardinal Newman, "from whom I am conscious of having learnt – a very different thing from merely receiving a strong impression – learnt habits, methods, ruling ideas, which are constantly with me; and the four are – Goethe, Wordsworth, Sainte-Beuve, and yourself." Dr. Arnold must be added; the son's fundamental likeness to the father was early pointed out by Swinburne, and was later attested by Matthew Arnold's grandson, Mr. Arnold Whitridge. Others such as Stefan Collini suggest that much of the criticism aimed at Arnold is based on "a convenient parody of what he is supposed to have stood for" rather than the genuine article.

Journalistic criticism
In 1887, Arnold was credited with coining the phrase "New Journalism", a term that went on to define an entire genre of newspaper history, particularly Lord Northcliffe's turn-of-the-century press empire. However, at the time, the target of Arnold's irritation was not Northcliffe, but the sensational journalism of Pall Mall Gazette editor, W. T. Stead. Arnold had enjoyed a long and mutually beneficial association with the Pall Mall Gazette since its inception in 1865. As an occasional contributor, he had formed a particular friendship with its first editor, Frederick Greenwood and a close acquaintance with its second, John Morley. But he strongly disapproved of the muck-raking Stead, and declared that, under Stead, "the P.M.G., whatever may be its merits, is fast ceasing to be literature."

He was appalled at the shamelessness of the sensationalistic new journalism of the sort he witnessed on his tour of the United States in 1886. In his account of that tour, "Civilization in the United States", he observed, "if one were searching for the best means to efface and kill in a whole nation the discipline of self-respect, the feeling for what is elevated, he could do no better than take the American newspapers."

Religious criticism
His religious views were unusual for his time and caused sorrow to some of his best friends. Scholars of Arnold's works disagree on the nature of Arnold's personal religious beliefs. Under the influence of Baruch Spinoza and his father, Dr. Thomas Arnold, he rejected the supernatural elements in religion, even while retaining a fascination for church rituals. In the preface to God and the Bible, written in 1875, Arnold recounts a powerful sermon he attended discussing the "salvation by Jesus Christ", he writes: "Never let us deny to this story power and pathos, or treat with hostility ideas which have entered so deep into the life of Christendom. But the story is not true; it never really happened".

He continues to express his concern with the historicity of the Bible, explaining that "The personages of the Christian heaven and their conversations are no more matter of fact than the personages of the Greek Olympus and their conversations." He also wrote in Literature and Dogma: "The word 'God' is used in most cases as by no means a term of science or exact knowledge, but a term of poetry and eloquence, a term thrown out, so to speak, as a not fully grasped object of the speaker's consciousness – a literary term, in short; and mankind mean different things by it as their consciousness differs." He defined religion as "morality touched with emotion".

However, he also wrote in the same book, "to pass from a Christianity relying on its miracles to a Christianity relying on its natural truth is a great change. It can only be brought about by those whose attachment to Christianity is such, that they cannot part with it, and yet cannot but deal with it sincerely."

Reputation
Harold Bloom writes that "Whatever his achievement as a critic of literature, society or religion, his work as a poet may not merit the reputation it has continued to hold in the twentieth century. Arnold is, at his best, a very good, but highly derivative poet, unlike Tennyson, Browning, Hopkins, Swinburne and Rossetti, all of whom individualized their voices."

The writer John Cowper Powys, an admirer, wrote that, "with the possible exception of Merope, Matthew Arnold's poetry is arresting from cover to cover – [he] is the great amateur of English poetry [he] always has the air of an ironic and urbane scholar chatting freely, perhaps a little indiscreetly, with his not very respectful pupils."

Family
The Arnolds had six children:
 * Thomas (1852–1868);
 * Trevenen William (1853–1872);
 * Richard Penrose (1855–1908), an inspector of factories;
 * Lucy Charlotte (1858–1934), who married Frederick W. Whitridge of New York, whom she had met during Arnold's American lecture tour;
 * Eleanore Mary Caroline (1861–1936) married (1) Hon. Armine Wodehouse (MP) in 1889, (2) William Mansfield, 1st Viscount Sandhurst, in 1909;
 * Basil Francis (1866–1868).

Poetry

 * Stanzas in Memory of the Author of "Obermann" (1849)
 * The Strayed Reveller, and Other Poems (1849)
 * Empedocles on Etna, and Other Poems (1852)
 * Sohrab and Rustum (1853)
 * The Scholar-Gipsy (1853)
 * Stanzas from the Grande Chartreuse (1855)
 * Memorial Verses to Wordsworth
 * Rugby Chapel (1867)
 * Thyrsis (1865)

Prose

 * Essays in Criticism (1865, 1888)
 * Culture and Anarchy (1869)
 * Friendship's Garland (1871)
 * Literature and Dogma (1873)
 * God and the Bible (1875)
 * The Study Of Poetry(1880)

title: Matthew Arnold


text:
Melbourne, Iowa

Melbourne is a city in Marshall County, Iowa, United States. The population was 786 at the time of the 2020 census.

History
The town of Melbourne was platted February 23, 1882, by Milwaukee Land Company, in section 6 of Logan Township and was incorporated December 30, 1895. Melbourne was the only town in Marshall County to be served continuously by two major railroads. Melbourne's growth was rapid and made possible by three railroads and the population increased to 423 by 1910. Melbourne suffered the worst disaster in the town's history when a fire consumed the whole business district in 1903; then in 1981 the southern end of town was destroyed by a tornado.

The mayor of Melbourne from 1984 until 1998 was Bill Crews, an openly gay man who revealed his orientation during his term, in 1993. At the time, Melbourne was believed to be the smallest municipality in the United States to have an openly gay mayor.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 830 people, 322 households, and 218 families living in the city. The population density was 1456.1 PD/sqmi. There were 354 housing units at an average density of 621.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 98.6% White, 0.4% African American, and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.0% of the population.

There were 322 households, of which 36.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.0% were married couples living together, 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 32.3% were non-families. 24.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.07.

The median age in the city was 34.8 years. 27.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 30.5% were from 25 to 44; 23.3% were from 45 to 64; and 11% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.4% male and 49.6% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 794 people, 318 households, and 218 families living in the city. The population density was 1,402.4 PD/sqmi. There were 332 housing units at an average density of 586.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 99.50% White, 0.13% African American, and 0.38% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.38% of the population.

There were 318 households, out of which 37.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.2% were married couples living together, 7.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.4% were non-families. 26.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.07.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 27.5% under the age of 18, 9.9% from 18 to 24, 31.6% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 11.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $47,019, and the median income for a family was $51,250. Males had a median income of $36,528 versus $24,667 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,641. About 3.1% of families and 3.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.7% of those under age 18 and 2.4% of those age 65 or over.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Melbourne, Iowa


text:
Rhodes, Iowa

Rhodes is a city in Marshall County, Iowa, United States. The population was 271 at the time of the 2020 census.

History
Rhodes was laid out in 1856, and it was incorporated in 1883. Postal service was originally established in the Marshall County town of Rhodes in 1860, at which time it was known as Edenville. The name of Rhodes was officially implemented on August 3, 1883, which was the name of the family that donated the land where the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul (Milwaukee Road) Railroad Depot was originally located.

Part of Rhodes still remains the “Edenville Township”. The cemetery just outside of town is named Edenville cemetery.

Geography
Rhodes is located at 41.92667°N, -93.185°W (41.926536, -93.184884).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.01 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 305 people, 126 households, and 88 families living in the city. The population density was 302.0 PD/sqmi. There were 138 housing units at an average density of 136.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.7% White, 0.3% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 2.0% from other races, and 0.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.3% of the population.

There were 126 households, of which 31.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.8% were married couples living together, 15.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 30.2% were non-families. 23.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.82.

The median age in the city was 41.1 years. 23.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23% were from 25 to 44; 28.1% were from 45 to 64; and 14.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.8% male and 49.2% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 294 people, 123 households, and 76 families living in the city. The population density was 289.4 PD/sqmi. There were 129 housing units at an average density of 127.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 98.64% White, 0.68% Asian, and 0.68% from two or more races.

There were 123 households, out of which 33.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.0% were married couples living together, 6.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.4% were non-families. 30.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 27.6% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 25.5% from 25 to 44, 26.5% from 45 to 64, and 13.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $33,750, and the median income for a family was $41,786. Males had a median income of $34,375 versus $22,500 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,376. About 8.3% of families and 11.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.0% of those under the age of eighteen and 4.9% of those 65 or over.

title: Rhodes, Iowa


text:
St. Anthony, Iowa

St. Anthony is a city in Marshall County, Iowa, United States. The population was 76 at the time of the 2020 census.

History
St. Anthony was incorporated in 1897 and it was named by two of its founders, John Q. Saint and Anthony R. Pierce.

Geography
St. Anthony is located at 42.12417°N, -93.19667°W (42.124164, -93.196667).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.56 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 102 people, 40 households, and 27 families living in the city. The population density was 182.1 PD/sqmi. There were 50 housing units at an average density of 89.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 92.2% White, 1.0% African American, 2.9% Native American, 1.0% Asian, and 2.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.9% of the population.

There were 40 households, of which 37.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.0% were married couples living together, 15.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 12.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 32.5% were non-families. 25.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.00.

The median age in the city was 35 years. 28.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.4% were from 25 to 44; 33.3% were from 45 to 64; and 6.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 53.9% male and 46.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 109 people, 44 households, and 28 families living in the city. The population density was 194.5 PD/sqmi. There were 52 housing units at an average density of 92.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.33% White, 0.92% Native American, 0.92% from other races, and 1.83% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.92% of the population.

There were 44 households, out of which 29.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.1% were non-families. 25.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.90.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.8% under the age of 18, 11.0% from 18 to 24, 35.8% from 25 to 44, 15.6% from 45 to 64, and 12.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,625, and the median income for a family was $37,500. Males had a median income of $26,875 versus $19,375 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,218. There were 7.9% of families and 13.1% of the population living below the poverty line, including 15.4% of under eighteens and 5.3% of those over 64.

title: St. Anthony, Iowa


text:
State Center, Iowa

State Center is a city in Marshall County, Iowa, United States. The population was 1,391 at the time of the 2020 census. State Center is known as the Rose Capital of Iowa.

History
State Center got its start in the year 1864, following construction of the railroad through the territory. It was named for its location near the geographical center of the state.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.98 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,468 people, 568 households, and 399 families living in the city. The population density was 1498.0 PD/sqmi. There were 630 housing units at an average density of 642.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.7% White, 0.5% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 1.2% from other races, and 1.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.5% of the population.

There were 568 households, of which 36.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.9% were married couples living together, 11.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 29.8% were non-families. 24.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.02.

The median age in the city was 39.2 years. 28.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.6% were from 25 to 44; 25.5% were from 45 to 64; and 16.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.7% male and 50.3% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,349 people, 559 households, and 354 families living in the city. The population density was 1,384.4 PD/sqmi. There were 597 housing units at an average density of 612.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 97.78% White, 0.15% Native American, 0.07% Asian, 1.11% from other races, and 0.89% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.85% of the population.

There were 559 households, out of which 29.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.8% were married couples living together, 5.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.5% were non-families. 33.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 3.00.

25.4% are under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 20.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $35,766, and the median income for a family was $45,156. Males had a median income of $33,661 versus $25,156 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,744. About 5.7% of families and 8.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.4% of those under age 18 and 5.7% of those age 65 or over.

Education
West Marshall Community School District operates public schools. The school colors are black and gold, and the mascot is a Trojan. The schools include West Marshall Elementary, West Marshall Middle School, and West Marshall High School.

title: State Center, Iowa


text:
Emerson, Iowa

Emerson is a city in Mills County, Iowa, United States. The population was 403 at the time of the 2020 census.

History
Emerson was a shipping point on the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad.

Geography
Emerson is located at 41.01861°N, -95.40194°W (41.018506, -95.401975).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.26 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 438 people, 186 households, and 123 families living in the city. The population density was 1684.6 PD/sqmi. There were 203 housing units at an average density of 780.8 /sqmi. There were 186 households, of which 26.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.4% were married couples living together, 8.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.9% were non-families. 30.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.87.

The median age in the city was 45.8 years. 21.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.8% were from 25 to 44; 31.5% were from 45 to 64; and 19.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.6% male and 51.4% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 480 people, 195 households, and 133 families living in the city. The population density was 1,914.2 PD/sqmi. There were 208 housing units at an average density of 829.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 98.96% White, 0.21% African American, 0.21% from other races, and 0.62% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.62% of the population.

There were 195 households, out of which 31.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.5% were married couples living together, 7.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.3% were non-families. 29.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.0% under the age of 18, 4.6% from 18 to 24, 27.7% from 25 to 44, 25.8% from 45 to 64, and 15.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,583, and the median income for a family was $36,406. Males had a median income of $29,167 versus $21,250 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,807. About 7.3% of families and 11.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.2% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

Education
The community is within the East Mills Community School District.

title: Emerson, Iowa


text:
Glenwood, Iowa

Glenwood is a city in, and the county seat of, Mills County, Iowa, United States. The population was 5,073 in the 2020 census, a decline from 5,358 in 2000.

History
Located in a hollow of the Loess Hills on the east side of the Missouri River, Glenwood was established by Mormons in 1848 as Coonsville. It prospered during the California Gold Rush largely due to the grain mill on Keg Creek. Coonsville was the scene of anti-Mormon mob violence. It became the county seat of Mills County in 1851. In 1852, after most Mormons left for Utah, it was renamed Glenwood after a Presbyterian minister, Glenn Wood.

The community supported the creation of Nebraska Territory in 1854. Two Glenwood attorneys were elected to the Nebraska territorial legislature, and they were run out of town for accepting shares in Scriptown. At the end of the Civil War, an Iowa Veteran's Orphans Home was founded here. The evangelist (and professional baseball athlete) Billy Sunday lived at the orphanage as a child.

The Burlington and Missouri River Railroad was completed through Glenwood in 1869. During the late 19th century, the community was widely known as Iowa's center of fruit production, particularly of apples, and it hosted an annual Apple Carnival. Early industries included an iron foundry, an expansive marble and stone works, the Glenwood Creamery, and a large cannery that covered a city block on the east side of Locust Street. It distributed its products under the brand-name "The Glenwood." Darting & McGavern's "Sanitary" cannery on South Vine and Railroad Avenue canned tomatoes, pumpkin, apples, and beets into the 1920s.

In 1876 the State Veterans' Orphan's Home at Glenwood was adapted for use as the Iowa Asylum for Feeble-Minded Children, the seventh such facility in the country and the first located west of the Mississippi River. The Glenwood facility expanded with increased acceptance of treatment and institutionalization for intellectual disability; it became the Iowa Institution for Feeble-Minded Children. The grounds and Administration Building were largely patterned on the Kirkbride Plan, as state funding permitted. (The Administration Building has since been demolished.)

The institution has long dominated Glenwood both economically and culturally, although the IIFMC was self-sufficient and intentionally isolated the residents from the rest of the town. By 1925, the Glenwood IIFMC was the home of 1,555 inmates classified as idiots, imbeciles, and morons, according to contemporary definitions. The IIFMC became the Glenwood State-Hospital School in 1941. By the early 1950s, the facility covered 1185 acre; it had 310 staff members for the 1,968 patients. Under the influence of eugenics theory, the state had ordered sterilization of those defined as feeble-minded or worse, and experimental treatments such as cold baths and electroshock were used to reduce symptoms of psychosis and depression. The de-institutionalization of Glenwood began in the late 1950s. A November 17, 1957 article in the Des Moines Register revealed that Mayo Buckner had spent 59 years confined to Glenwood, despite an IQ of 120, indicating above-average intelligence. National attention followed for Buckner and the Glenwood State-Hospital School, which were featured in the December 9, 1957 issue of Time and the March 25, 1958 issue of Life Magazine. During the 1970s, the facility completed a transformation from traditional ward buildings into group home-styled cottages. It is now known as the Glenwood Resource Center and provides services and skills training to support people living in communities.

After World War II, the town of Glenwood became a center of meat-packing. During the early 1950s, it had one of America's largest kosher packinghouses, with most of its product shipped to New York and the East Coast. The packinghouse was later modified to process both cattle and pork; it was bought by Swift & Company and then closed in the 1980s. Meatpacking has moved to sites further west, closer to ranching areas.

Trajet, a whirlpool manufacturer, now occupies the former slaughterhouse. A large industrial laundry operated for most of the 20th century in the town until it was purchased and closed by Cintas.

Transportation links include the BNSF; U.S. Route 34, and U.S. Route 275 pass through Glenwood, and Interstate 29 is located a few miles west on the floodplain of the Missouri River. Tourist destinations are the Loess Hills and the National Scenic Byway.

In March 2019, Mills County was hit with catastrophic flooding. While Glenwood itself was not directly affected, residents were without clean water for weeks on a boil order. Glenwood officials worked with Mills County to help flood efforts in nearby towns like Pacific Junction, which was nearly completely submerged with hundreds displaced.

Geography
Glenwood is located at 41.04556°N, -95.7425°W (41.045581, -95.742371). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.96 sqmi, of which 2.95 sqmi is land and 0.01 sqmi is water.

2010 census
At the 2010 census there were 5,269 people in 1,883 households, including 1,243 families, in the city. The population density was 1786.1 PD/sqmi. There were 2,045 housing units at an average density of 693.2 /sqmi. The racial makup of the city was 96.8% White, 0.6% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.7% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.7%.

Of the 1,883 households 35.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.4% were married couples living together, 12.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 34.0% were non-families. 28.7% of households were one person and 11.8% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 3.06.

The median age was 38.1 years. 25.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.2% were from 25 to 44; 27.6% were from 45 to 64; and 13.7% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.6% male and 50.4% female.

2000 census
At the 2000 census there were 5,358 people in 1,863 households, including 1,276 families, in the city. The population density was 2,067.7 PD/sqmi. There were 1,946 housing units at an average density of 751.0 /sqmi. The racial makup of the city was 97.26% White, 0.62% African American, 0.37% Native American, 0.32% Asian, 0.49% from other races, and 0.95% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.47%.

Of the 1,863 households 36.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.5% were married couples living together, 12.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.5% were non-families. 27.5% of households were one person and 12.1% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.09.

Population spread: 26.3% under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 30.2% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 12.9% 65 or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.0 males.

The median household income was $39,682 and the median family income was $46,555. Males had a median income of $29,918 versus $24,368 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,790. About 6.8% of families and 9.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.7% of those under age 18 and 8.4% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Glenwood Community School District is the local school district for the city.

Saint Albert Catholic Schools in Council Bluffs takes students from Glenwood.

Landmarks and neighborhoods

 * The IIFMC Girls Cottage at the Glenwood Resource Center was built in 1912. At present it is used for offices by the Glenwood Community School District and remains one of the town's most distinguishing landmarks.
 * The Glenwood Earth Lodge and Mills County Natural History Museum.
 * The IIFMC Hospital at the Glenwood Resource Center was constructed during the 1890s with conical towers, Romanesque Revival arched balconies, an Italianate cupola, and still-impressive interior spiral staircase. The three-story brick building is used as offices by the Glenwood Resource Center.
 * The IIFMC Fire Station at the Glenwood Resource Center was built in 1903 with a Dutch Colonial parapeted roof.
 * The VJ Meyer School Building at the Glenwood Resource Center was built in the mid-1950s to improve the level of education available to residents confined to what was then the Glenwood State Hospital-School. The school was named after Dr. VJ Meyer, the Superintendent at Glenwood from 1945 to 1957. The building was dedicated in September 1957 when the gates of the institution were opened to the public for the first time. From 1992 to 2007 this was the location of the Glenwood Middle School.
 * The three-story JV Hinchman Building at Sharp and Walnut Streets was completed in 1882 by Hoosier druggist turned financier Joseph Hinchman.
 * The 1920 Glenwood State Bank building at 12 North Walnut on the Glenwood Courthouse Square was designed by Danish immigrant architect J. Chris Jensen of Council Bluffs and is notable locally for its Greek Revival marble facade. For many years this was the location of Hamilton's Men's Clothes and is now home to Glenwood Land Surveying Services.
 * The First Christian Church at 305 First Street was built in 1867 at a cost of $1,800. It has been a private residence for many years.
 * 411 Sharp is a unique two-story Italianate commercial building on the south side of the Glenwood Courthouse Square that was constructed in 1874 with prominent window hoods and is now the location of the Loess Hills Maker Space.
 * The Hubbell Home at 202 Locust was built in the early 20th century and remains interesting for its Queen Anne style, prominent dormer windows, and adjacent stable long since converted into a garage.
 * The Robinson Block at 102 South Walnut on the Glenwood Courthouse Square was constructed during the early 20th century and features a variety of 19th century architectural elements, including a second-story bay window.
 * The Buffington Block at 420 1st Street was built on the north side of the Glenwood Courthouse Square during the 1890s with one of the town's most distinguished cornices and seven second-story Italianate arched windows. A Ben Franklin Stores operated here during the latter half of the 20th century.
 * The Glenwood Public Library was opened to patrons on February 4, 1907. It was built in part with funds from Andrew Carnegie and is one of 48 public Carnegie library buildings still in use as libraries in Iowa today.
 * The Wheeler's Super Service Station at 102 South Vine on the Glenwood Courthouse Square was constructed during the early 1920s to serve traffic along the Bluegrass Highway which became U.S. Route 34. The one-story brick building is unusual locally for its early Moderne architecture.
 * The Glenwood Opera House Block at 412-416 First Street was built in 1891 on the Glenwood Courthouse Square with a variety of Richardsonian Romanesque elements. It first began showing motion pictures in 1908, became the Rex Theater by the 1920s, and, after many ownership changes, continues to show movies to the present day although live performances ended in the mid-20th century. 1891Glenwood,IAOperaHouseandOldCityHall.jpg
 * The Mintle Company Building is a one-story late Moderne structure at 209 Sharp that was built in 1947 along what was then U.S. Route 34. Mintle was a dealer in J.I. Case farm equipment, Pontiac automobiles, and offered a full line of Frigidaire products. The building is now used as the Glenwood Police Department.
 * Lilac Terrace were the neighborhoods that developed after the "West Hill" school was completed in 1868. By the early 20th century the area west of Sharp and Hazel Streets was one of the community's more prestigious addresses and still contains some notable architectural styles, including the L.W. Russell home, the H.M. Bogan and James Miller homes, and particularly the Queen Anne style William Lamb mansion on the northwest corner of Hazel and Sharp Streets which has been divided into apartments. Also of interest are the Morris Kaiman home at 102 South Hazel, the Robinson home at 105 North Hazel, and the Addison Meyers home at 404 North Hazel. The Works Progress Administration financed Glenwood High School replaced the West Hill School in 1937, became Glenwood Junior High from 1966 to 1987, and is now part of West Elementary.
 * Glenwood Golf Course was opened in 1964 to be the cities first and only golf course. It was designed by Tom Davis. In 1974, ten years after its opening, a man died on the course. He fell into the creek looking for the ball near hole five. It is rumored that he haunts the hole and players are discouraged from looking for balls in the creek.
 * Seminary Hill immediately north of the Glenwood Courthouse Square developed after the late 1860s when the private Western Iowa College opened on the city block west of Chestnut between First and Second Streets. This became the Glenwood Methodist Seminary in the 1870s and the location of the East School until the 1970s. The surrounding neighborhood still contains a majority of the town's dominant Protestant churches, including the Glenwood First Congregational Church at 407 Second Street established by abolitionist John Todd in 1857. Nearby are the 1884 Saint John's Episcopal Church at 111 North Vine, the 1911 Glenwood Baptist Church at 212 North Vine, the 1892 Glenwood First Christian at 202 North Vine, the 1905 Grace United Methodist at 112 North Walnut, the 1899 Seventh-day Adventist Church at 205 Third Street, and the 1949 Trinity Lutheran Church of the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod at 512 Second Street. Also of interest is the Glenwood Public Library at 109 North Vine, a Carnegie library constructed in 1906 and expanded in 1982. The neighborhood formerly had several outstanding architectural examples, including the Dr. Donelan home and the 1870s two-story brick Italianate William Anderson mansion at North Walnut and Second Street that was razed in 2006. Another example of an 1870s brick Italianate residence in the 100 block of North Vine, which is now divided into apartments.
 * The Davies Amphitheater located at Glenwood Lake Park is one of the premier outdoor entertainment venues in the Midwest. Constructed in 1980 with funds from the estate of local farmer Charlie Davies, the amphitheater annually hosts a summer concert series.

Notable people

 * Hiram Pitt Bennet, Congressional delegate from the Territory of Colorado and Colorado Secretary of State
 * Christian Beranek, graphic novelist, actor and producer
 * Elmer Burkett, U.S. Senator from Nebraska
 * Alice Cooper, sculptor
 * Don Hall, filmmaker and 2015 Oscar winner for Disney's Big Hero 6
 * Curt Kaufman, pitcher for the California Angels and the New York Yankees
 * Billy Sunday, evangelist
 * Otha Wearin, U.S. Representative from Iowa

title: Glenwood, Iowa


text:
Hastings, Iowa

Hastings is a city in Mills County, Iowa, United States. The population was 152 at the time of the 2020 census.

History
Hastings got its start in the year 1872, following construction of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad through the territory.

Geography
Hastings is located at 41.02389°N, -95.49722°W (41.023906, -95.497176).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.41 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 152 people, 67 households, and 38 families living in the city. The population density was 370.7 PD/sqmi. There were 79 housing units at an average density of 192.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 99.3% White and 0.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.3% of the population.

There were 67 households, of which 25.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.8% were married couples living together, 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.3% were non-families. 34.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.92.

The median age in the city was 42.5 years. 24.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 3.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.3% were from 25 to 44; 27.7% were from 45 to 64; and 20.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 53.9% male and 46.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 214 people, 85 households, and 57 families living in the city. The population density was 527.2 PD/sqmi. There were 91 housing units at an average density of 224.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 98.13% White, 1.40% from other races, and 0.47% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.87% of the population.

There were 85 households, out of which 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.3% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.8% were non-families. 24.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 2.93.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.6% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 28.0% from 25 to 44, 26.2% from 45 to 64, and 12.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $35,625, and the median income for a family was $47,813. Males had a median income of $36,875 versus $23,125 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,174. About 17.6% of families and 25.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 37.5% of those under the age of eighteen and 41.2% of those 65 or over.

Education
The community is within the East Mills Community School District. From July 1, 1960, it was in the Nishna Valley Community School District, until July 1, 2011, when it merged to form the East Mills district.

title: Hastings, Iowa


text:
Henderson, Iowa

Henderson is a city in Mills County, Iowa, United States. The population was 144 at the time of the 2020 census.

History
No buildings existed where the community lies in 1875. A community had formed by February 1877 as records show residents were forming a Church of Christ. The community was original named Potter. Workers for railroad stayed local farmer Dave Henderson's yard and named the place Henderson Crossing; it was later shorted to Henderson. Henderson was platted in 1880.

Geography
Henderson is located at 41.13917°N, -95.43139°W (41.139095, -95.431300).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.21 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 185 people, 74 households, and 46 families living in the city. The population density was 881.0 PD/sqmi. There were 82 housing units at an average density of 390.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 99.5% White and 0.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.5% of the population.

There were 74 households, of which 27.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.7% were married couples living together, 6.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.8% were non-families. 28.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.07.

The median age in the city was 40.9 years. 23.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.2% were from 25 to 44; 29.2% were from 45 to 64; and 16.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.7% male and 50.3% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 171 people, 74 households, and 46 families living in the city. The population density was 765.1 PD/sqmi. There were 81 housing units at an average density of 362.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 99.42% White, 0.58% from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.17% of the population.

There were 74 households, out of which 27.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.5% were non-families. 31.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.89.

22.8% are under the age of 18, 5.8% from 18 to 24, 22.8% from 25 to 44, 26.9% from 45 to 64, and 21.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $45,000, and the median income for a family was $49,688. Males had a median income of $27,500 versus $21,786 for females. The per capita income for the city was $32,175. None of the families and 1.9% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 6.1% of those over 64.

Education
The community is within the East Mills Community School District.

title: Henderson, Iowa


text:
Malvern, Iowa

Malvern is a city in Mills County, Iowa, United States. The population was 1,046 at the time of the 2020 census. The Wabash Trace—a railroad converted to a bicycle trail—passes through Malvern. The Mills County Fair is held here, although Glenwood is the county seat. Malvern is the largest town in the eastern half of the county.

History
The pioneer village of Milton was established in the fall of 1869. It was later renamed Malvern when it was discovered that there was already another Milton, Iowa. It was one of four communities in the area that came into existence with the completion of the Burlington and Missouri River Railroad on November 18, 1869.

John D. Paddock and his bride were the first residents of Malvern. They arrived in September and put up a small $1 1/2$-story building that served as their home and the community's first store.

The completion of the railroad soon brought a flood of new residents and business enterprises. White Cloud, a town of perhaps 200 persons and a variety of businesses, was located about where the present Wabash Trace Nature Trail crosses the Nishnabotna River three miles southeast of Malvern. It soon closed down when the new railroad was built two miles north. Several business enterprises and White Cloud residents moved to Malvern.

Malvern grew almost explosively in its first two years. In its fifth year, Mr. Paddock reported in his Brief History of Malvern, it had a population of 800. It served a particularly productive farming area. It soon had a number of factories, including a hog packing plant, an electric generation plant (in 1892) which permitted a municipal water system, and in the early part of the twentieth century, developed a varied poultry industry that at one time furnished employment for up to 200 persons. Malvern started a school system in 1870, a county fair in 1873, a Chautauqua in 1905, built the town library in 1916 and the present Liberty Memorial Community Building in 1926

When the “good roads” movement came to Iowa, the town was omitted from Highway 34, causing some economic stress. At the time it also had the Wabash and Tabor & Northern Railroads, which were also having some economic stress. The town experienced additional stress in the 1950s when much of Iowa's poultry industry moved to Arkansas.

The success of the Malvern community has always been linked to agriculture in many ways. When fewer family farms and farm workers, became the norm, in the 1960s, 1970s, and especially the difficult 1980s, the economy of Malvern suffered as well, losing many of the established businesses that had so long lined the streets in this community.

Today Malvern is a rural community with a golf course, swimming pool, new library and Carnegie Conference Center, agricultural businesses and government offices, a bank, physician's offices, Mills County Fair Grounds, the Wabash Trace Nature Trail, and numerous other businesses.

Geography
Malvern is located at °N, °W.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.19 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,142 people, 436 households, and 301 families living in the city. The population density was 959.7 PD/sqmi. There were 499 housing units at an average density of 419.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 97.7% White, 0.3% African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.1% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.8% of the population.

There were 436 households, of which 34.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 13.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 31.0% were non-families. 27.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 3.04.

The median age in the city was 40.3 years. 25.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.2% were from 25 to 44; 29.9% were from 45 to 64; and 15.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.4% male and 52.6% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,256 people, 474 households, and 320 families living in the city. The population density was 1,053.1 PD/sqmi. There were 503 housing units at an average density of 421.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 98.73% White, 0.08% African American, 0.08% Native American, 0.08% Asian, and 1.04% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.40% of the population.

There were 474 households, out of which 31.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.5% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.3% were non-families. 28.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 3.08.

Population spread: 26.5% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 24.1% from 25 to 44, 23.3% from 45 to 64, and 20.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $33,182, and the median income for a family was $44,432. Males had a median income of $29,185 versus $22,266 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,553. About 7.1% of families and 11.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.0% of those under age 18 and 13.4% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The community is within the East Mills Community School District. From July 1, 1960, it was in the Malvern Community School District until July 1, 2011, when it merged to form the East Mills district. The Malvern and East Mills districts operated Chantry Elementary School in Malvern, but the latter closed the school in 2014.

title: Malvern, Iowa


text:
Pacific Junction, Iowa

Pacific Junction is a city in Mills County, Iowa, United States. The population was 96 at the time of the 2020 census.

History
Pacific Junction was established by the railroad in 1871 to serve as the western terminus of the Burlington and Missouri River Railroad, the eastern terminus of the Nebraska Burlington & Missouri River RR, and a station on the Kansas City, Council Bluffs, & Saint Joseph Railroad. All three were consolidated as part of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, today's BNSF. After several rough and tumble years of growth Pacific Junction was incorporated in 1882. The scene of violence during the Burlington Railroad Strike of 1888, PJ's population peaked during the early 20th century with just over 700 people. Railroad traffic through town remains almost constant although the town's connections to the railroad have declined significantly since 1971. Historic structures include the 1914 Pacific Junction Public School which graduated its last high school class in 1961 and closed for good in 1986. On the early morning of December 3, 2021, two BNSF trains collided two locomotives and 16 cars derailed in Pacific Junction.

The 2019 Midwestern U.S. floods had a devastating impact on Pacific Junction. Following the failing of the Mills County levees on March 17, 2019, the city was flooded completely. Following a federal buyout program and the demolition of damaged structures, most lots now lie empty. The United States Postal Service has yet to return to the town, and the town hall is not currently usable. The city government has struggled financially in the aftermath, and has experienced difficulty in providing services. According to the 2020 Census, only around 20% of the pre-flood population of the city remains.

Geography
Pacific Junction is located at 41.01832°N, -95.79988°W (41.018319, -95.799883).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.76 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 471 people, 196 households, and 138 families living in the city. The population density was 619.7 PD/sqmi. There were 208 housing units at an average density of 273.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.0% White, 0.6% Native American, 0.4% Pacific Islander, 1.3% from other races, and 1.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.1% of the population.

There were 196 households, of which 24.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.6% were married couples living together, 9.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 29.6% were non-families. 22.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.75.

The median age in the city was 45.1 years. 18.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.8% were from 25 to 44; 36.5% were from 45 to 64; and 13.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.2% male and 51.8% female.

2000 census
During the census of 2000, there were 507 people, 196 households, and 148 families living in the city. The population density was 665.0 PD/sqmi. There were 210 housing units at an average density of 275.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.84% White, 0.20% Native American, 0.59% Asian, 0.39% Pacific Islander, 0.20% from other races, and 1.78% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.99% of the population.

There were 196 households, out of which 33.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.6% were married couples living together, 14.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.0% were non-families. 18.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the average family size was 2.91.

24.9% are under the age of 18, 9.5% from 18 to 24, 27.2% from 25 to 44, 26.4% from 45 to 64, and 12.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $36,563, and the median income for a family was $40,333. Males had a median income of $28,750 versus $25,089 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,103. About 5.6% of families and 7.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.9% of those under age 18 and 2.3% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The city is in the Glenwood Community School District.

title: Pacific Junction, Iowa


text:
Silver City, Iowa

Silver City is a city in Mills County, Iowa, United States. The population was 245 at the 2020 census. The Wabash Trace—a railroad converted to a bicycle trail—passes through here. At trailside, there is a small park with a gazebo, and across from it, a small cafe.

History
Silver City had its start in the year 1879 by the building of the Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific Railway through that territory.

In its busiest time, Silver City was home to a lumber yard, grocery store, horse racing track, jewelry store, pharmacy and other businesses. An annual carnival would visit as well.

Silver City is currently home to the Loyal Lassies/Ingraham Straight Shooters 4-H club as well as the Silver City Library and historical society. Silver City Volunteer Fire & Rescue services the town and immediate area. Mills County Sheriffs Department provides emergency response and patrol services.

Geography
Silver City is located at 41.11194°N, -95.63806°W (41.112051, -95.638057). Silver Creek, the town's namesake and a tributary of the West Nishnabotna River, parallels the eastern city limits. The Wabash Trace Nature Trail, a former rail line, enters the town from the west and runs southeasterly through town, making a southerly turn before meeting Silver Creek.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.22 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 245 people, 104 households, and 79 families living in the city. The population density was 1113.6 PD/sqmi. There were 116 housing units at an average density of 527.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 95.9% White, 0.8% Native American, and 3.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.2% of the population.

There were 104 households, of which 26.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.4% were married couples living together, 4.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 24.0% were non-families. 21.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.67.

The median age in the city was 45.3 years. 19.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.3% were from 25 to 44; 33.8% were from 45 to 64; and 16.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 52.7% male and 47.3% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 259 people, 110 households, and 80 families living in the city. The population density was 1,202.7 PD/sqmi. There were 111 housing units at an average density of 515.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 98.46% White, 0.39% African American, 0.77% from other races, and 0.39% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.77% of the population.

There were 110 households, out of which 32.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.0% were married couples living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.4% were non-families. 22.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.75.

Population spread: 25.9% under the age of 18, 3.5% from 18 to 24, 29.7% from 25 to 44, 25.5% from 45 to 64, and 15.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $36,250, and the median income for a family was $43,125. Males had a median income of $29,000 versus $31,071 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,864. About 3.6% of families and 5.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under the age of eighteen and 20.5% of those 65 or over.

Education
The city is in the Glenwood Community School District.

title: Silver City, Iowa


text:
Carpenter, Iowa

Carpenter is a city in Mitchell County, Iowa, United States. The population was 87 at the 2020 census.

Geography
Carpenter is located at 43.41556°N, -93.01722°W (43.415506, -93.017160).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.16 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 109 people, 47 households, and 27 families living in the city. The population density was 681.3 PD/sqmi. There were 51 housing units at an average density of 318.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 98.2% White and 1.8% African American.

There were 47 households, of which 29.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.1% were married couples living together, 6.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.6% were non-families. 38.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 3.15.

The median age in the city was 40.8 years. 26.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.2% were from 25 to 44; 28.4% were from 45 to 64; and 16.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 51.4% male and 48.6% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 130 people, 50 households, and 30 families living in the city. The population density was 813.9 PD/sqmi. There were 54 housing units at an average density of 338.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 100.00% White.

There were 50 households, out of which 40.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.0% were married couples living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.0% were non-families. 34.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.43.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 36.9% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 14.6% from 45 to 64, and 13.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $27,500, and the median income for a family was $34,167. Males had a median income of $28,333 versus $22,500 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,864. There were 10.0% of families and 5.3% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 20.0% of those over 64.

Attractions
Carpenter is known for hosting summer softball league play at its two lighted ballfields, part of the Carpenter Community Center. The Community Center is the former gymnasium of Carpenter's high school, which consolidated with St. Ansgar schools in the 1960s. The gymnasium is frequently rented out for private events, dances and weddings.

Notable person

 * "Top Chef" contestant Carrie Mashaney grew up in Carpenter.

title: Carpenter, Iowa


text:
McIntire, Iowa

McIntire is a city in Mitchell County, Iowa, United States. The population was 113 at the time of the 2020 census.

History
McIntire was platted in 1891. It was named for its founders, John and Sarah McIntire. The town became electrified in 1921, and trains were a daily occurrence on the Chicago Great Western Line until this branch line was abandoned in 1967. Main Street was, until 2015, the only paved street in town.

Geography
McIntire is located at 43.43667°N, -92.59583°W (43.436587, -92.595703).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.01 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 122 people, 55 households, and 28 families living in the city. The population density was 120.8 PD/sqmi. There were 64 housing units at an average density of 63.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 100.0% White. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.6% of the population.

There were 55 households, of which 16.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.8% were married couples living together, 5.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 49.1% were non-families. 40.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 32.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 3.14.

The median age in the city was 49.5 years. 18.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 14% were from 25 to 44; 22.9% were from 45 to 64; and 34.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.5% male and 52.5% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 173 people, 64 households, and 44 families living in the city. The population density was 170.2 PD/sqmi. There were 73 housing units at an average density of 71.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 100.00% White.

There were 64 households, out of which 35.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.7% were married couples living together, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.3% were non-families. 28.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.36.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 34.1% under the age of 18, 4.6% from 18 to 24, 28.9% from 25 to 44, 16.8% from 45 to 64, and 15.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $26,875, and the median income for a family was $38,750. Males had a median income of $30,313 versus $12,188 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,319. About 10.9% of families and 7.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.0% of those under the age of eighteen and 6.3% of those 65 or over.

title: McIntire, Iowa


text:
Mitchell, Iowa

Mitchell is a city in Mitchell County, Iowa, United States. The population was 124 at the time of the 2020 census.

History
Mitchell was founded in 1854. Mitchell is the name of a friend of one of the founders, C. C. Prime.

Geography
Mitchell is located at 43.32111°N, -92.87028°W (43.321129, -92.870348).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.54 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 138 people, 62 households, and 41 families living in the city. The population density was 255.6 PD/sqmi. There were 73 housing units at an average density of 135.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 100.0% White.

There were 62 households, of which 22.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.1% were married couples living together, 4.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.9% were non-families. 30.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.71.

The median age in the city was 48.3 years. 21% of residents were under the age of 18; 3.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21% were from 25 to 44; 31.2% were from 45 to 64; and 23.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 54.3% male and 45.7% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 155 people, 68 households, and 42 families living in the city. The population density was 281.7 PD/sqmi. There were 73 housing units at an average density of 132.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 100.00% White. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.94% of the population.

There were 68 households, out of which 23.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.5% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.2% were non-families. 33.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.28 and the average family size was 2.93.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 20.6% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 26.5% from 45 to 64, and 18.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 121.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 127.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $27,000, and the median income for a family was $33,750. Males had a median income of $24,375 versus $20,000 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,768. About 7.7% of families and 12.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.7% of those under the age of eighteen and 5.9% of those 65 or over.

Education
It is within the Osage Community School District.

Notable people

 * Clinton Clauson, 66th governor of Maine from January 1959 to December 1959
 * Henry Haven Windsor, founder of Popular Mechanics magazine
 * Oran Faville, first County Judge of Mitchell County County, first lieutenant governor of Iowa, last secretary of Board of Education, and first superintendent of Public Instruction of Iowa

title: Mitchell, Iowa


text:
Orchard, Iowa

Orchard is a city in Mitchell County, Iowa, United States. The population was 68 at the time of the 2020 census.

History
Orchard got its start in the year 1869, following construction of the Illinois Central Railroad through that territory. It was named for Moses Orchard, a pioneer settler.

Lithograph City
The ghost town of Lithograph City, approximately two miles southwest of Orchard, was founded in the early 1900s adjacent to quarries that produced lithographic limestone. Production in these quarries peaked during World War I when access to German lithographic limestone was cut off. In 1915, Lithograph City had 15 houses, a hotel, a dance hall and a museum. After the war, use of stone blocks in lithography declined, the city was renamed Devonia, and by 1938, no trace of the town remained.

Geography
Orchard is located at 43.22694°N, -92.77444°W (43.226995, -92.774567).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.09 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
At the 2010 census there were 71 people in 30 households, including 18 families, in the city. The population density was 788.9 PD/sqmi. There were 33 housing units at an average density of 366.7 /sqmi. The racial makup of the city was 95.8% White, 1.4% African American, and 2.8% Native American. Of the 30 households 26.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.7% were married couples living together, 13.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.0% were non-families. 23.3% of households were one person and 6.7% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.94.

The median age was 42.2 years. 21.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.9% were from 25 to 44; 29.6% were from 45 to 64; and 15.5% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.7% male and 49.3% female.

2000 census
At the 2000 census there were 88 people in 33 households, including 23 families, in the city. The population density was 994.7 PD/sqmi. There were 35 housing units at an average density of 395.6 /sqmi. The racial makup of the city was 100.00% White. Of the 33 households 30.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.6% were married couples living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.3% were non-families. 21.2% of households were one person and 9.1% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 2.92.

The age distribution was 29.5% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 28.4% from 25 to 44, 15.9% from 45 to 64, and 19.3% 65 or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.7 males.

The median household income was $19,583 and the median family income was $21,250. Males had a median income of $32,500 versus $22,083 for females. The per capita income for the city was $10,148. There were 22.2% of families and 25.3% of the population living below the poverty line, including 25.0% of under eighteens and 38.1% of those over 64.

Education
It is within the Osage Community School District.

title: Orchard, Iowa


text:
Osage, Iowa

Osage is a city in Mitchell County, Iowa, United States. The population was 3,627 at the time of the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Mitchell County.

Geography
Osage is located at 43.28472°N, -92.81222°W (43.284618, -92.812129).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.24 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 3,619 people, 1,614 households, and 954 families living in the city. The population density was 1615.6 PD/sqmi. There were 1,756 housing units at an average density of 783.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 98.1% White, 0.2% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.6% from other races, and 0.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.3% of the population.

There were 1,614 households, of which 26.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.1% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 40.9% were non-families. 36.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 21% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.16 and the average family size was 2.81.

The median age in the city was 45.2 years. 22.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.4% were from 25 to 44; 24.9% were from 45 to 64; and 25.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.5% male and 53.5% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,451 people, 1,528 households, and 950 families living in the city. The population density was 1,650.8 PD/sqmi. There were 1,624 housing units at an average density of 776.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 99.16% White, 0.17% African American, 0.09% Native American, 0.12% Asian, 0.17% from other races, and 0.29% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.72% of the population.

There were 1,528 households, out of which 26.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.5% were married couples living together, 7.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.8% were non-families. 34.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 21.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.81.

Age spread: 22.5% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 23.1% from 25 to 44, 19.0% from 45 to 64, and 28.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,676, and the median income for a family was $39,856. Males had a median income of $31,488 versus $22,688 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,366. About 5.5% of families and 7.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.1% of those under age 18 and 9.2% of those age 65 or over.

Attractions
Cedar River Complex - The Cedar River Complex (CRC) is a community recreation destination that includes an events center, wellness center, museum and auditorium. The CRC offers opportunities to meet, play, learn and enjoy. Located in Mitchell County, Iowa, the Cedar River Complex is a multi-faceted recreation facility which includes an events center, a wellness center, the Mitchell County Historical Museum and an auditorium.

Watts Theatre - The Watts Theatre was opened in 1950 by the Jim Watts family, with a showing of "Dancing in the Dark." The 44 by 132 foot building was designed and built as a state-of-the-art theater and included 580 seats and living quarters upstairs for the Watts family. In 1994 Paul and Gloria Bunge purchased the building (which had been closed and stripped of all its equipment and seating) and restored it to its previous glory, including new heating and air conditioning, new projection equipment and a new sound system. The Bunges widened the aisles, left more room between rows, and installed 364 new seats designed for the building. On June 14, 1994, the theater was reopened, again showing "Dancing in the Dark." The Bunges sold the theatre in 1998 to Robert Williams and his adult children, Bethany Jablonski, Ryan Williams, and Steve Williams. The Williams family made several improvements to the theatre, including a new roof, a replacement neon system, equipment upgrades, and a complete refurbishing of the apartment (which is now used as a viewing room and party facility). In October 2006, the Williams family sold the theatre to the Walk Family.

Education
The Osage Community School District operates area public schools.

The community formerly had Sacred Heart School, of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dubuque, which opened in 1957. By 2012 it had 44 students due to consistent decreases in the student count. The school closed in 2012.

Notable people

 * Margaret Stoughton Abell (1908–2004), birthplace of first woman research forester.
 * James Vincent Casey, Roman Catholic bishop
 * Steve Darrell (1904–1970), actor
 * Randy Duncan, football quarterback, Big Ten most valuable player and Heisman Trophy runner-up
 * Hamlin Garland, novelist, poet, essayist, short story writer, Georgist, and psychical researcher
 * Edward Dean Jeffries, custom vehicle designer, stunt man and stunt coordinator
 * Mike Johanns, former Governor of Nebraska, United States Secretary of Agriculture and US Senator from Nebraska
 * Alan Larson (born 1949), diplomat and ambassador
 * Gerald Leeman, 1948 Olympic silver medallist in freestyle wrestling and 1946 NCAA wrestling champion
 * Troy Merritt, PGA Tour golfer
 * Tiny Sandford, actor known for appearing in Charlie Chaplin and Laurel and Hardy films
 * Doug Schwab, 2008 Olympic wrestler

title: Osage, Iowa