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Mi-Wuk Village, California

Mi-Wuk Village is a census-designated place (CDP) in Tuolumne County, California, United States. The population was 941 at the 2010 census, down from 1,485 at the 2000 census. It was named after the Miwok Indians by the real estate developer and promoter Harry Hoeffler in 1955.

Geography
Mi-Wuk Village is located at 38.06111°N, -120.1875°W (38.061053, -120.187524).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.8 square miles (7.2 km2), of which 99.80% is land and 0.20% is water.

Climate
This region experiences warm (but not hot) and dry summers, with no average monthly temperatures above 71.6 °F. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Mi-Wuk Village has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csb" on climate maps.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Mi-Wuk Village had a population of 941. The population density was 338.0 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Mi-Wuk Village was 871 (92.6%) White, 5 (0.5%) African American, 17 (1.8%) Native American, 3 (0.3%) Asian, 0 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 11 (1.2%) from other races, and 34 (3.6%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 71 persons (7.5%).

The Census reported that 941 people (100% of the population) lived in households, 0 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 417 households, out of which 96 (23.0%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 221 (53.0%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 38 (9.1%) had a female householder with no husband present, 20 (4.8%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 26 (6.2%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 6 (1.4%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 100 households (24.0%) were made up of individuals, and 47 (11.3%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26. There were 279 families (66.9% of all households); the average family size was 2.68.

The population was spread out, with 160 people (17.0%) under the age of 18, 61 people (6.5%) aged 18 to 24, 175 people (18.6%) aged 25 to 44, 343 people (36.5%) aged 45 to 64, and 202 people (21.5%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.2 males.

There were 1,159 housing units at an average density of 416.3 /sqmi, of which 321 (77.0%) were owner-occupied, and 96 (23.0%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 4.7%; the rental vacancy rate was 11.5%. 706 people (75.0% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 235 people (25.0%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,485 people, 601 households, and 430 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 441.5 PD/sqmi. There were 1,268 housing units at an average density of 377.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 92.53% White, 0.13% African American, 0.94% Native American, 0.40% Asian, 0.13% Pacific Islander, 1.55% from other races, and 4.31% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.33% of the population.

There were 601 households, out of which 28.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.2% were married couples living together, 6.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.3% were non-families. 22.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.86.

In the CDP the population was spread out, with 23.9% under the age of 18, 6.3% from 18 to 24, 20.7% from 25 to 44, 31.5% from 45 to 64, and 17.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.6 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $51,925, and the median income for a family was $52,019. Males had a median income of $43,750 versus $26,071 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $26,209. About 5.9% of families and 8.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.9% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Mi-Wuk Village is in, and.

In the United States House of Representatives, Mi-Wuk Village is in.

title: Mi-Wuk Village, California


text:
Mono Vista, California

Mono Vista is a census-designated place (CDP) in Tuolumne County, California, United States. The population was 3,127 at the 2010 census, up from 3,072 at the 2000 census.

Geography
Mono Vista is located at 38.01222°N, -120.27083°W (38.012087, -120.270701).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.8 sqmi, 99.90% of it land and 0.10% of it water.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Mono Vista had a population of 3,127. The population density was 1,101.6 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Mono Vista was 2,796 (89.4%) White, 6 (0.2%) African American, 58 (1.9%) Native American, 38 (1.2%) Asian, 8 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 61 (2.0%) from other races, and 160 (5.1%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 300 persons (9.6%).

The Census reported that 3,102 people (99.2% of the population) lived in households, 25 (0.8%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 1,211 households, out of which 391 (32.3%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 648 (53.5%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 129 (10.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 78 (6.4%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 94 (7.8%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 4 (0.3%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 272 households (22.5%) were made up of individuals, and 110 (9.1%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56. There were 855 families (70.6% of all households); the average family size was 2.98.

The population was spread out, with 731 people (23.4%) under the age of 18, 276 people (8.8%) aged 18 to 24, 728 people (23.3%) aged 25 to 44, 908 people (29.0%) aged 45 to 64, and 484 people (15.5%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.0 males.

There were 1,471 housing units at an average density of 518.2 /sqmi, of which 898 (74.2%) were owner-occupied, and 313 (25.8%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 5.3%; the rental vacancy rate was 10.5%. 2,199 people (70.3% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 903 people (28.9%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,072 people, 1,113 households, and 846 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 991.3 PD/sqmi. There were 1,263 housing units at an average density of 407.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 94.08% White, 0.46% African American, 0.78% Native American, 0.42% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 1.63% from other races, and 2.54% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.45% of the population.

There were 1,113 households, out of which 35.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.6% were married couples living together, 8.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.9% were non-families. 17.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.08.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 27.6% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 25.5% from 25 to 44, 26.4% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.7 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $42,302, and the median income for a family was $44,419. Males had a median income of $40,104 versus $31,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $19,297. About 6.1% of families and 8.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.0% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Mono Vista is in, and.

In the United States House of Representatives, Mono Vista is in.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Mono Vista, California


text:
Phoenix Lake-Cedar Ridge, California

Phoenix Lake-Cedar Ridge is an unincorporated community and a former census-designated place (CDP) in Tuolumne County, California, United States. The population was 5,108 at the 2000 census.

It was abolished prior to the 2010 census, and Phoenix Lake and Cedar Ridge became CDPs.

Geography
Phoenix Lake-Cedar Ridge is located at 38.01944°N, -120.29778°W (38.019488, -120.297883).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP had a total area of 25.4 sqmi, of which, 25.2 sqmi of it was land and 0.1 sqmi of it (0.55%) was water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 5,123 people, 2,044 households, and 1,580 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 203.0 PD/sqmi. There were 2,473 housing units at an average density of 98.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 94.5% White, 0.4% African American, 1.1% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 1.1% from other races, and 2.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.0% of the population.

There were 2,044 households, out of which 27.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.2% were married couples living together, 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.7% were non-families. 18.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 2.80.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 23.2% under the age of 18, 4.8% from 18 to 24, 19.6% from 25 to 44, 32.1% from 45 to 64, and 20.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 46 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.7 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $44,699, and the median income for a family was $47,807. Males had a median income of $41,136 versus $26,923 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $22,853. About 4.0% of families and 7.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.0% of those under age 18 and 3.4% of those age 65 or over.

Politics
In the state legislature Phoenix Lake-Cedar Ridge is located in the 14th Senate District, represented by Republican Tom Berryhill, and in the 25th Assembly District, represented by Republican Kristin Olsen.

In the United States House of Representatives, Phoenix Lake-Cedar Ridge is in.

title: Phoenix Lake-Cedar Ridge, California


text:
Sonora, California

Sonora is the county seat of Tuolumne County, California, United States. Founded during the California Gold Rush by Mexican miners from Sonora (after which the city is named), the city population was 5,121 during the 2020 Census, an increase from the 4,903 counted during the 2010 Census.

Sonora is the only incorporated community in Tuolumne County.

History
Sonora was founded by Mexican miners during the California Gold Rush. Named after their home state of Sonora, Mexico, it was once a booming center of industry and trade in California's Mother Lode. Most of the gold that was removable with traditional mining techniques was quickly extracted, leaving miners to use more complex and expensive mining techniques to reach deep pockets of quartz and gold. Sonora as well as other mining towns of the era experienced economic hardship when the value of gold decreased. As "gold fever" died down, Sonora's size and population steadily decreased over the years. In c. 1851, the Sonora Hebrew Cemetery was formed by the Hebrew Benevolent Society and predominately contains the graves of European-born Jews who emigrated to Gold Country.

As detailed in the 2005 memoir of novelist David Carkeet, Campus Sexpot, Sonora was fictionalized as "Wattsville", the setting of Dale Koby's cult/underground classic (also titled Campus Sexpot). The sequel, From Roundheel To Revolutionary by Jeff Daiell, also takes place primarily in "Wattsville"/Sonora.

The Tuolumne County Museum and History Center preserves the town's Gold Rush legacy.

Geography
Sonora is located at 37.98436°N, -120.38177°W, around the intersection of California State Highways 49 and 108 The altitude is 1825 ft. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.1 sqmi, 99.55% of it land and 0.45% of it water.

Climate
There are an average of 75 days annually with highs of 90 °F or higher and an average of 65.5 days annually with lows of 32 °F or lower. The record high temperature was 113 F on June 22, 1961, and July 15, 1972. The record low temperature was 8 F on December 9, 1972.

Average annual rainfall is 32.79 in, almost all from November through April, although there are occasionally afternoon and evening thunderstorms in the summer months, which drift down from the Sierra Nevada. There are an average of 63.8 days annually with measurable precipitation. The wettest “rain year” has been from July 1982 to June 1983 with 60.29 in and the driest from July 1975 to June 1976 with 15.26 in. The most rainfall in one month was 21.69 in in December 1955, including 7.10 in on December 27, the record 24-hour rainfall. The most snowfall in one month was 30.5 in in January 1933. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is Csa (hot-summer Mediterranean climate).

2010
At the 2010 census Sonora had a population of 4,903. The population density was 1,593.0 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Sonora was 4,402 (89.8%) White, 24 (0.5%) African American, 95 (1.9%) Native American, 79 (1.6%) Asian, 12 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 84 (1.7%) from other races, and 207 (4.2%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 542 people (11.1%).

The census reported that 4,613 people (94.1% of the population) lived in households, 85 (1.7%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 205 (4.2%) were institutionalized.

There were 2,199 households, 562 (25.6%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 689 (31.3%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 308 (14.0%) had a female householder with no husband present, 116 (5.3%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 192 (8.7%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 12 (0.5%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 881 households (40.1%) were one person and 312 (14.2%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.10. There were 1,113 families (50.6% of households); the average family size was 2.77.

The age distribution was 975 people (19.9%) under the age of 18, 526 people (10.7%) aged 18 to 24, 1,266 people (25.8%) aged 25 to 44, 1,324 people (27.0%) aged 45 to 64, and 812 people (16.6%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 39.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.9 males.

There were 2,463 housing units at an average density of 800.2 per square mile; of the occupied units, 898 (40.8%) were owner-occupied and 1,301 (59.2%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 4.6%; the rental vacancy rate was 8.6%. 1,960 people (40.0% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 2,653 people (54.1%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 census, there were 4,423 people in 2,051 households, including 1,046 families, in the city. The population density was 1,456.2 PD/sqmi. There were 2,197 housing units at an average density of 723.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 91.4% White, 0.7% African American, 1.5% Native American, 1.2% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 2.0% from other races, and 3.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race comprise 8.4% of the population.

There were 2,051 households, 24.0% had children under the age of 18, 33.2% were married couples living together, 14.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 49.0% were non-families. 40.3% of households were made up of individuals, and 15% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.06 and the average family size was 2.75.

The age distribution was 20.4% under the age of 18, 9.5% from 18 to 24, 26.3% from 25 to 44, 23.5% from 45 to 64, and 20.4% who were 65 or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 77.1 males.

The median household income was $28,858 and the median family income was $39,722. Males had a median income of $40,958 versus $26,111 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,248. 16.9% of the population and 10.9% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 22.8% of those under the age of 18 and 7.2% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.

Economy and tourism
The area economy was historically based on the mining and timber industries, but now relies on tourism. One of two active lumber mills in Tuolumne County was shut down in 2009, but reopened in July 2011.

As a city close to Yosemite National Park, Sonora provides services to some of Yosemite's visitors. The city also benefits from its proximity to Railtown 1897 State Historic Park and Columbia State Park.

Education
The city's schools include its namesake educational institutions Sonora Union High School and Sonora Elementary School, as well as Dario Cassina High and the Foothill Horizons Outdoor School.

Columbia Community College is part of Yosemite Community College District (YCCD) which also includes Modesto Junior College. It is the sole college in Tuolumne County and offers two-year degrees. Individuals wishing to attend a university must commute 50 miles to University of California, Merced, or to California State University, Stanislaus, in Turlock.

Government and politics
Sonora uses a city council consisting of five council members, including the mayor. The city council appoints a city administrator to implement the council's policies and enforce ordinances. As of June 2024, the current mayor of Sonora is Mark Plummer and the current city administrator is Melissa Eads.

In the California State Legislature, Sonora is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Sonora is in.

Culture and arts
The newspaper of record for the Sonora area is The Union Democrat.

The Tuolumne County Film Commission describes Sonora as "one of the country's most versatile locations", where more than "300 film[s] and television series" have been made.

Local museums depict the Gold Rush era and historic Sonora.

The small town is home to the professional theatre company Sierra Repertory Theatre that produces a variety of musicals and plays each year at two different theatre buildings, the East Sonora Theatre and the Fallon House Theatre in Columbia.

Sonora is also home to the Tuolumne County Arts Alliance.

The pilot, and various scenes, of the television show Little House on the Prairie was filmed in Sonora.

Notable people

 * Vaughn Armstrong – actor
 * Melvin Belli – attorney
 * David Carkeet - writer
 * Jack Cassinetto – painter
 * Phil Coke – MLB pitcher
 * Molly Culver - actress
 * Charles Dellschau – artist
 * T.J. Dillashaw - UFC Bantamweight Champion
 * Ross Dwelley - NFL tight end
 * Larry Franco - film producer
 * James P. Hogan – writer
 * Jenny O'Hara – actress
 * Josh Parry - NFL fullback
 * Dan Pastorini – NFL quarterback
 * Francis "Rocco" Prestia - bassist of Tower of Power
 * Tata Vega - Entertainer
 * Kahale Warring - NFL Tight End

title: Sonora, California


text:
Soulsbyville, California

Soulsbyville is an unincorporated census-designated place in Tuolumne County, California. The population was 2,215 at the time of the 2010 census, up from 1,729 at the time of the 2000 census. Formerly a California Gold Rush town, Soulsbyville is now registered as a California Historical Landmark.

Geography
Soulsbyville is located at 37.995°N, -120.26028°W (37.994999, -120.260258).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the community has a total area of 3.0 square miles (7.8 km$2$), 99.80% of it land and 0.20% water.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Soulsbyville had a population of 2,215. The population density was 734.3 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Soulsbyville was 2,038 (92.0%) White, 3 (0.1%) African American, 41 (1.9%) Native American, 13 (0.6%) Asian, 2 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 38 (1.7%) from other races, and 80 (3.6%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 206 persons (9.3%).

The Census reported that 2,215 people (100% of the population) lived in households, 0 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 871 households, of which 257 (29.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 488 (56.0%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 72 (8.3%) had a female householder with no husband present, 41 (4.7%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 49 (5.6%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 4 (0.5%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 200 households (23.0%) were made up of individuals, and 82 (9.4%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54. There were 601 families (69.0% of all households); the average family size was 3.01.

502 people (22.7%) were under the age of 18, 163 people (7.4%) aged 18 to 24, 490 people (22.1%) aged 25 to 44, 710 people (32.1%) aged 45 to 64, and 350 people (15.8%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.6 males.

There were 959 housing units at an average density of 317.9 /sqmi, of which 673 (77.3%) were owner-occupied, and 198 (22.7%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 2.4%. 1,673 people (75.5% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 542 people (24.5%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 census, there were 1,729 people, 674 households and 485 families residing in the community. The population density was 568.5 PD/sqmi. There were 725 housing units at an average density of 238.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the community was 92.19% White, 2.20% Native American, 0.35% Asian, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 2.95% from other races, and 2.20% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.98% of the population.

There were 674 households, of which 31.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.8% were married couples living together, 9.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.0% were non-families. 21.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.01.

26.5% of the population were under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 24.8% from 25 to 44, 25.3% from 45 to 64, and 16.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.2 males.

The median household income was $42,500 and the median family income was $45,625. Males had a median income of $34,516 compared with $18,906 for females. The per capita income for the community was $18,514. About 11.7% of families and 15.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.3% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

History
Soulsbyville is named after Ben Soulsby, who resided in the area during the California Gold Rush. Soulsby discovered gold, and the mine and gold mill (and town, and school and ridge and ditch) named after him was near the intersection of Community Drive and Soulsbyville Road.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Soulsbyville is in, and.

In the United States House of Representatives, Soulsbyville is in.

California Historical Landmark
Soulsbyville is a California Historical Landmark. California Historical Landmark number 420 reads:
 * NO. 420 SOULSBYVILLE - Site of the famous Soulsby Mine (discovered by Benjamin Soulsby), Soulsbyville is the first community in Tuolumne County to be founded (1855) entirely upon the operation of a lode mine. First to work the mine were hard rock miners from Cornwall, England, the first group of 499 Cornishmen arrived in 1858

title: Soulsbyville, California


text:
Tuolumne City, California

Tuolumne City is an unincorporated town in Tuolumne County, California. A census-designated place (CDP) officially known as Tuolumne also encompasses the town. The population of the CDP was 1,779 at the 2010 census, down from 1,865 at the 2000 census.

History
The area is known for a history of logging operations. Remnants of logging railroads are still present in the area.

In the 1970s, Herbert Reichhold planned to open a theme park using narrow gauge live steam railroad equipment left over from the commercial logging operations. He envisioned transforming the town of Tuolumne into a "Railroad Theme Park", and he began purchasing properties in the town. However he abandoned the plans after the death of his wife.

In the late 1970s, Glen Bell, the founder of the Taco Bell chain, opened the "Westside and Cherry Valley Railroad" in Tuolumne. This ran for about 5 miles from the old lumber mill in the town, into the mountains. It used the track and several gauge locomotives from the logging company. This tourist attraction lasted for several years, but closed in the mid 80s.

Communications and facilities
Unlike the rest of Tuolumne County, Tuolumne was not in the Bell System/SBC service area. Tuolumne Telephone Company provided service to this area. Wired telephone numbers in the Tuolumne Central Office follow the pattern (209) 928-xxxx. Tuolumne Telephone is now part of Citizens Telecommunications Company of California, a subsidiary of Frontier Communications.

There are three schools: Summerville Elementary with grades K-8, Mother Lode Christian School with grades K-12, and Summerville Union High School with grades 9–12. Summerville High School also hosts Tuolumne County's Connections Arts School for grades 7–12.

A logging company town, Tuolumne experienced an economic downturn when the West Side Lumber Company mill closed. For many years the community has struggled to create a new economic base.

The Tuolumne Band of Me-Wuk Indians, a federally recognized tribe, is headquartered in Tuolumne. In recent years, the tribe has contributed new growth with revenues from nearby Black Oak Casino, which is owned and operated by the Tuolumne Band. A new medical clinic and a new library are a few recent improvements. Another addition has been the renovation of the Tuolumne City Memorial Museum on Carter Street.

Once known as the two towns of "Summersville" in the south and "Carter " in the north, Tuolumne has incorporated them both into one town. A new municipal advisory council has been established to help with this revival. Tuolumne is also the birthplace of the Vaudevillian performer and hipster comedian Lord Buckley, born Richard Myrle Buckley, April 5, 1906, died November 12, 1960.

Geography
Tuolumne is located at 37.96167°N, -120.23694°W (37.961785, -120.236851).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.4 sqmi, of which, 2.3 sqmi of it is land and 0.03 sqmi of it (1.27%) is water.

2010
At the 2010 census Tuolumne had a population of 1,779. The population density was 753.2 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Tuolumne was 1,547 (87.0%) White, 13 (0.7%) African American, 83 (4.7%) Native American, 12 (0.7%) Asian, 1 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 50 (2.8%) from other races, and 73 (4.1%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 206 people (11.6%).

The census reported that 1,768 people (99.4% of the population) lived in households, 11 (0.6%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and no one was institutionalized.

There were 758 households, 223 (29.4%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 297 (39.2%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 95 (12.5%) had a female householder with no husband present, 52 (6.9%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 70 (9.2%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 6 (0.8%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 239 households (31.5%) were one person and 107 (14.1%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.33. There were 444 families (58.6% of households); the average family size was 2.93.

The age distribution was 397 people (22.3%) under the age of 18, 161 people (9.1%) aged 18 to 24, 411 people (23.1%) aged 25 to 44, 510 people (28.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 300 people (16.9%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 41.4 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.5 males.

There were 840 housing units at an average density of 355.6 per square mile, of the occupied units 396 (52.2%) were owner-occupied and 362 (47.8%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.6%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.7%. 987 people (55.5% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 781 people (43.9%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 1,865 people, 736 households, and 474 families in the CDP. The population density was 801.4 PD/sqmi. There were 797 housing units at an average density of 342.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 89.01% White, 0.38% African American, 4.29% Native American, 0.21% Asian, 0.54% Pacific Islander, 1.82% from other races, and 3.75% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.97%.

Of the 736 households 31.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.7% were married couples living together, 15.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.5% were non-families. 29.2% of households were one person and 13.3% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 3.10.

The age distribution was 28.3% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 26.5% from 25 to 44, 23.5% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% 65 or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.5 males.

The median household income was $32,361 and the median family income was $41,007. Males had a median income of $35,524 versus $22,593 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $16,567. About 13.0% of families and 14.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.3% of those under age 18 and 13.4% of those age 65 or over.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Tuolumne is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Tuolumne is in.

Notable natives

 * Bobby Adams, Major League Baseball player, was born in Tuolumme.
 * Lord Buckley was born in Tuolumne and worked there as a logger.

In popular culture
In 1951, scenes of the western High Noon, starring Gary Cooper, were filmed in Tuolumne. Cooper's Will Kane went to St. Joseph's Church to solicit help from the townspeople.

California Historical Landmark
Summersville is a California Historical Landmark. California Historical Landmark number 407 reads:
 * NO. 407 SUMMERSVILLE (TUOLUMNE) - The area's first non-Indian settlers, the Franklin Summers family, arrived in 1854 and built a log cabin a half mile west of this spot, the geographical center of East Belt Placer Gold Rush from 1856 to 1857. In 1858, James Blakely discovered the first quartz lode half a mile east of here and named it 'Eureka.' The mine became the nucleus of the town of Summersville, which was later called Carters and finally became Tuolumne. Other mining towns lively in gold rush days were Long Gulch, two miles south, and Cherokee, two miles north.

title: Tuolumne City, California


text:
Twain Harte, California

Twain Harte is a census-designated place (CDP) in Tuolumne County, California, United States. The population was 2,226 at the 2010 census, down from 2,586 at the 2000 census. Its name is derived from the last names of two famous authors who lived in California, Mark Twain and Bret Harte.

Geography
Twain Harte is located at 38.04028°N, -120.23361°W (38.040390, -120.233671).

Twain Harte is situated in Tuolumne County along Highway 108 at an elevation of 3640 ft.

The USPS zip code for Twain Harte is 95383.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 3.7 sqmi, of which, 99.49% is land and 0.51% is water. Its municipal water supply comes from the nearby Lyons Reservoir in the Stanislaus National Forest.

Twain Harte is both a summer and winter vacation community situated at the transition zone between the oak forest of the California foothills and the mixed pine and fir forest of the Sierra Nevada. Summers are warm during the day and the nights are generally mild, making Twain Harte a pleasant escape from the long, hot summers of the California Central Valley. Winters can be very cool with snow occurring several times during the season. Winter sports venues are located nearby at Leland High Sierra Snowplay near Strawberry (snow tubing), Long Barn Lodge & Ice Skating Rink, and Dodge Ridge Ski Area near Pinecrest are all along Highway 108, plus the Badger Pass Ski Area in nearby Yosemite Park.

Places of interest
Twain Harte is home to the Twain Harte Village (the largest shopping center in the area), Twain Harte Golf Club (a golf course design by Clark Glasson), and Twain Harte Lake (a man-made lake and small resort).

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Twain Harte had a population of 2,226. The population density was 598.6 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Twain Harte was 2,026 (91.0%) White, 5 (0.2%) African American, 34 (1.5%) Native American, 31 (1.4%) Asian, 4 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 46 (2.1%) from other races, and 80 (3.6%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 171 persons (7.7%).

The Census reported that 2,226 people (100% of the population) lived in households, 0 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 1,014 households, out of which 198 (19.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 544 (53.6%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 83 (8.2%) had a female householder with no husband present, 50 (4.9%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 56 (5.5%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 6 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 273 households (26.9%) were made up of individuals, and 125 (12.3%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20. There were 677 families (66.8% of all households); the average family size was 2.60.

The population was spread out, with 355 people (15.9%) under the age of 18, 137 people (6.2%) aged 18 to 24, 387 people (17.4%) aged 25 to 44, 772 people (34.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 575 people (25.8%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 52.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.8 males.

There were 2,148 housing units at an average density of 577.7 /sqmi, of which 717 (70.7%) were owner-occupied, and 297 (29.3%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.5%; the rental vacancy rate was 12.0%. 1,501 people (67.4% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 725 people (32.6%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,586 people, 1,120 households, and 779 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 711.1 PD/sqmi. There were 2,056 housing units at an average density of 565.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 93.23% White, 0.12% African American, 1.01% Native American, 0.73% Asian, 0.54% Pacific Islander, 1.08% from other races, and 3.29% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.53% of the population.

There were 1,120 households, out of which 24.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.4% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.4% were non-families. 24.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.69.

In the CDP the population was spread out, with 21.4% under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 19.8% from 25 to 44, 31.7% from 45 to 64, and 21.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 46 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.5 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $46,920, and the median income for a family was $51,865. Males had a median income of $40,313 versus $26,964 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $23,079. About 5.0% of families and 6.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.5% of those under age 18 and 3.2% of those age 65 or over.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Twain Harte is in, and.

In the United States House of Representatives, Twain Harte is in.

title: Twain Harte, California


text:
Camarillo, California

Camarillo is a city in Ventura County in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 70,741, an increase of 5,540 from the 65,201 counted in the 2010 Census. Camarillo is named for brothers Juan and Adolfo Camarillo, prominent Californios who owned Rancho Calleguas and founded the city. California State University, Channel Islands is housed on the former grounds of the Camarillo State Hospital.

History
At the time of European contact in the 18th century, Camarillo had been inhabited by the Chumash Indians for thousands of years.

Present day Camarillo and the larger Oxnard Plain were portions of a paramount Chumash capital at the village of Muwu (today's Point Mugu). Simo'mo (CA-VEN-24), which translates to "the saltbush patch", was a Chumash village located upstream from Mugu Lagoon near the city of Camarillo. Caves with ancient pictographs are located in the area around Conejo Grade including a site used for religious ceremonies dating back to 500 A.D., where two Chumash villages were located: Lalimanux (Lalimanuc or Lalimanuh) and Kayɨwɨš or Kayiwish (Kawyis) (CA-VEN-243). The village of Kayɨwɨš (Chumash: "The Head") was first encountered by Europeans of the first Portola expedition on August 16, 1795.

19th century
By the early 1820s, Mexico had gained independence from Spain, and shortly afterward California allied itself with Mexico. The Mexican land grant system was liberalized in 1824, resulting in many large grants in California and the proliferation of Ranchos north of the border. One grant to José Pedro Ruiz created Rancho Calleguas in 1837, in the area that is now Camarillo. The grant was later sold to Juan Camarillo, who had arrived in 1834 as a member of the Híjar-Padrés colony; his sons, Adolfo and Juan, began developing a ranch on the Pleasant Valley area of the vast fertile Oxnard Plain.

Early 20th century
Around 1910, the area for the original town site of Camarillo was beginning to be laid out. The town was centered around St. Mary Magdalen Church, which was to serve as the family chapel for Adolfo Camarillo. In 1927 Don Juan Camarillo, brother of Adolfo, donated 100 acre to be used as a seminary to be named in honor of Saint John the Evangelist. The Roman Catholic seminary was opened in 1939 as St. John's Seminary.

Camarillo's growth was slow from founding through World War II. In the late 1940s, building lots on Ventura Boulevard, the main downtown street, were being offered for $450 and home lots on the adjoining streets were $250, with few buyers. Travel to and from Los Angeles was difficult, owing to the narrow, tortuous road climbing the Conejo Grade to the east of the city.

The main industry during this period was agriculture, and the area surrounding the small town was blanketed with orange, lemon and walnut groves. The State Mental hospital, that was built south of the town, was the largest employer. A few houses had sprung up to the north and south of town center. The Oxnard Army Air Field, built during World War II to the west of town, the Naval Air Facility at Point Mugu and the Seabee base at Port Hueneme brought many military personnel to the area, but there was little private industry or other source of non-agricultural employment. Oxnard AAF closed at the end of World War II, but the Navy facilities remained open, with the airfield upgraded to Naval Air Station Point Mugu and the Seabee base becoming Naval Construction Battalion Center Port Hueneme and Naval Surface Warfare Center Port Hueneme. With the Korean War and associated Cold War tensions, the former Oxnard AAF was reactivated in 1951 as Oxnard Air Force Base, an Air Defense Command / Aerospace Defense Command fighter-interceptor base, that closed again in 1970 and became the present-day Camarillo Airport.

In the mid-1950s, the Ventura Freeway was completed from Los Angeles to points north, making it an easy one-hour trip to Camarillo. The Old Town was bisect by the Ventura Freeway. On the southern side of the freeway contains a strip of businesses, churches, schools, and parks. The freeway was originally planned to follow the path of Potrero Road, south of Camarillo, which would have completely by-passed the soon-to-be city. However, after much debate, city officials persuaded Caltrans to lay the freeway parallel to Ventura Boulevard, creating the infamously steep descent from the Santa Monica Mountains, known as the Conejo Grade. The grade is about 2.7 mi and posted as a 7% grade—which translates as about one thousand feet of elevation change in less than three miles (70 meters per kilometer). There is a California Highway Patrol brake inspection station at the top of the grade and a stop is mandatory for all 18-wheel trucks. The completion of the freeway facilitated the growth that followed. In 1962, the population was 7,500 and 3M began construction for the Mincom and Magnetic Tape Divisions, which would ultimately employ 900 people, becoming the largest local employer. That plant briefly housed a factory for 3M spinoff Imation before being closed in 2008.

Incorporation
Plans were made for the incorporation of the city to control the rapid expansion. Camarillo became a city in 1964 and soon put into place a General Plan and building codes. In 1964 the closest traffic signal was 2 mi from the city center on the road to Point Mugu, and the first shopping center and supermarket were under construction.

Many of the home buyers during the 1960s were military veterans, who had been stationed at one of the local bases. The temperate climate and the living conditions lured them back. With the establishment of both the Pacific Missile Range at NAS Point Mugu and the Naval Civil Engineering Laboratory at Port Hueneme many found employment that utilized their military training. Other newcomers were those who worked and lived in the San Fernando Valley and were willing to endure the commute for the opportunity to raise their families in a smog-free, semirural environment. Still others relocated here with their employers, like 3M, and Harbor Freight Tools who built facilities in and around the city to take advantage of the large workforce. Technicolor Video Services Inc. was the largest DVD duplicator in the world.

In 2014, the council voted against an 895 acre that would have extended development on agricultural lands east towards the Conejo Grade.

 * Camarillo Springs Fire

Beginning 7:02 am. on Thursday, May 2, 2013, a major brush fire began in the Camarillo Springs area and burned throughout the area. The community of Dos Vientos and CSUCI were evacuated due to the proximity of the fire. About 15 houses were damaged, but none burned down. 28,000 acres of land was burned by the fire. Finally, on Sunday, May 5, 2013, rain in the area during the night helped firefighters bring the fire under full control.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 19.5 sqmi. 0.015 sqmi of the area (0.08%) is water.

Camarillo is located in Pleasant Valley at the eastern end of the Oxnard Plain, with the Santa Susana Mountains to the north, the Camarillo Hills to the northwest, the Conejo Valley to the east, and the western reaches of the Santa Monica Mountains to the south.

Climate
This region experiences warm (sometimes hot) and dry summers, with no average monthly temperatures above 71.6 F. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Camarillo has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csb" on climate maps.

2010

The 2010 United States Census reported that Camarillo had a population of 65,201. The population density was 3,336.3 /mi2. The racial makeup of Camarillo was 48,947 (75.1%) White, 1,216 (1.9%) African American, 397 (0.6%) Native American, 6,633 (10.2%) Asian, 116 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 4,774 (7.3%) from other races, and 3,118 (4.8%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 14,958 persons (22.9%).

The Census reported that 64,705 people (99.2% of the population) lived in households, 155 (0.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 341 (0.5%) were institutionalized.

There were 24,504 households, out of which 8,103 (33.1%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 13,565 (55.4%) were traditional married couples living together, 2,386 (9.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 1,078 (4.4%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,257 (5.1%) non-traditional couples or partnerships. 5,986 households (24.4%) were made up of individuals, and 3,231 (13.2%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64. There were 17,029 families (69.5% of all households); the average family size was 3.14.

The population was spread out, with 15,115 people (23.2%) under the age of 18, 5,164 people (7.9%) aged 18 to 24, 15,895 people (24.4%) aged 25 to 44, 17,825 people (27.3%) aged 45 to 64, and 11,202 people (17.2%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.7 males.

There were 25,702 housing units at an average density of 1,315.1 /mi2, of which 17,059 (69.6%) were owner-occupied, and 7,445 (30.4%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.4%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.2%. 45,522 people (69.8% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 19,183 people (29.4%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 57,084 people, 24,376 households, and 15,242 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,015.3 /mi2. There were 24,376 housing units at an average density of 1,159.4 /mi2. The racial makeup of the city was 70.90% White, 1.90% African American, 0.52% Native American, 9.40% Asian, 0.60% Pacific Islander, 13.20% from other races, and 3.90% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 23.10% of the population.

There were 24,376 households, out of which 33.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.7% were married couples living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.9% were non-families. 24.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 3.12.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.3% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 22.7% from 45 to 64, and 17.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.2 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $62,457, and the median income for a family was $72,676 (these figures had risen to $78,677 and $92,683 respectively as of a 2007 estimate ). Males had a median income of $51,507 versus $36,240 for females. The per capita income for the city was $28,635. About 3.6% of families and 5.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.9% of those under age 18 and 4.6% of those age 65 or older.

Economy
Semtech, Salem Communications, and Surfware are based in Camarillo.

Top civilian employers
According to the city's 2020 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the ten largest employers are:

Education
The primary public high schools serving Camarillo are Adolfo Camarillo High School in Mission Oaks, Rio Mesa High School in Strickland between Oxnard and Camarillo, and Rancho Campana High School near the intersection of Lewis Road and Las Posas Road. All three high schools are part of the Oxnard Union High School District.

California State University, Channel Islands
Camarillo State Mental Hospital was established near the city in the 1930s so that persons suffering from mental illnesses or tuberculosis could recover in Ventura County's balmy climate. Jazzman Charlie Parker's "Relaxin' at Camarillo," written while he was detoxing from heroin addiction, is a tribute to the facility. The song "Camarillo" by punk outfit Fear is also written about the facility. The band Ambrosia released a song called "Ready for Camarillo" on their 1978 Life Beyond L.A. album. "Ready for Camarillo" also appeared as the single B side of their hit "How Much I Feel." The former hospital is the now the site of California State University, Channel Islands. The university has retained the distinctive Mission Revival-style bell tower in the South quad.

The Camarillo State Hospital was closed in the 1990s and remained vacant until the site was converted into California State University, Channel Islands (CSUCI). CSUCI officially opened in August 2002 and is now accredited by the WASC.

Parks and recreation
The Pleasant Valley Recreation and Park District operates recreational facilities in Camarillo.

Parks

 * Adolfo Park
 * Arneill Ranch Park
 * Birchview Park
 * Bob Kildee Community Park
 * Calleguas Creek
 * Camarillo Grove Park
 * Carmenita Park
 * Charter Oak Park
 * Community Center Park
 * Dos Caminos Park
 * Encanto Park
 * Foothill Park
 * Freedom Park
 * Heritage Park
 * Laurelwood Park
 * Eldred Lokker Memorial Park
 * Mission Oaks Park
 * Nancy Bush Park
 * Pitts Ranch Park
 * Pleasant Valley Fields
 * Quito Park
 * Springville Park
 * Trailside Park
 * Valle Lindo Park
 * Woodcreek Park
 * Woodside Park

Facilities

 * Aquatic Center
 * Auditorium
 * Classrooms
 * Community Center
 * Dirt BMX Track
 * Equestrian Center
 * Freedom Center
 * Freedom Gym
 * Roller Hockey Rink
 * R/C Track
 * Senior Center
 * Skatepark

Camarillo Christmas Parade
The Pleasant Valley Recreation and Park District has hosted the Camarillo Christmas Parade since 1962. The Christmas Parade usually occurs during the first or second weekend in December. Hundreds of organizations and thousands of people participate in the parade. Community Members come from all over to watch the parade. Notable Grand Marshals have included Jessica Mendoza, Lisa Guerrero, Jack Wilson, Fernando Vargas, and Walter Brennan.

Government
At the city's incorporation in 1964, a council-manager form of government was created. The five member city council is elected at large for four-year terms. The council is responsible for establishing policy, enacting laws and making legal and financial decisions for the city. A city manager, hired by the council and answerable to it, is responsible for the day-to-day operation of the city. That person is charged with overall management of the five city departments. Services such as water, sewer, trash collection, street maintenance and traffic engineering are provided by a combination of contractors and city employees.

Police services are provided by the Ventura County Sheriff's Department under contract to the city, headquartered in a police station owned by the city. The contract providing police services has been in place since the incorporation of Camarillo in 1964. The Sheriff's department helicopter fleet is hangared at Camarillo Airport. Ventura County Fire Department provides fire protection, with five stations within the city limits.

In 2000, Camarillo was a stronghold for the Republican Party, and had nearly twice as many Republican voters as Democratic voters. By 2020, voter registration for both parties was close to even.

On October 13, 2010, the Camarillo City Council voted 5–0 to withdraw from the Ventura County Library System, and enter into a public-private contract with Library Systems & Services (LSSI) of Germantown, Maryland, a private company that administers several libraries throughout the United States, to provide locally hired staffing and to manage the day-to-day operations of the City of Camarillo Public Library. Under the partnership agreement, the library will remain in the public trust, managed by the City of Camarillo and operated by LSSI.
 * Library

On January 1, 2011, the City of Camarillo Public Library opened as a municipal public library.

Transportation
VCTC Intercity operates buses between Camarillo and several nearby cities, including the Conejo Express to the Warner Center area of Los Angeles.

The City of Camarillo operates a trolley within central Camarillo, which runs from 10:00 to 6:00 Sunday through Thursday and later into the evening on Friday and Saturday nights. CAT operates one scheduled bus line Monday through Friday within Camarillo, and Dial-A-Ride services for the disabled Monday through Saturday.

Camarillo Airport is a public airport located 3 mi west of the central business district of Camarillo. The airport has one runway and serves privately operated general aviation and executive aircraft, with no scheduled commercial service.

Camarillo station is served by both Amtrak's Pacific Surfliner from San Luis Obispo to San Diego and Metrolink's Ventura County Line from Los Angeles Union Station to Montalvo. Nine Pacific Surfliner trains serve the station daily and six Metrolink trains serve the station each weekday. This limited Metrolink service runs only at peak hours in the peak direction of travel (i.e. three morning departures to Los Angeles and three evening arrivals from Los Angeles).

Water
The city of Camarillo water system serves about two-thirds of its residents. It imports about 60 percent of its water from the state water project through the Calleguas Municipal Water District and 40 percent is pumped from three wells. The North Pleasant Valley Desalter Project has been under consideration since 2008. The brackish well water from the Calleguas Creek watershed will be treated by the $66.3 million project. The project began construction in September 2019. The city held a ribbon cutting ceremony in November 2021 as the plant began to operate. After extensive testing and adjustments, the plant started producing water for the city in January 2023.

The Camrosa Water District serves nearly 30,000 people in Camarillo and the Santa Rosa Valley along with agricultural customers. The district, which covers 31 sqmi is headquartered in Camarillo. Camrosa completed the Round Mountain Water Treatment Plant, a desalting facility, in 2015. It cleans up brackish groundwater and produces 1,000 acre·ft of drinking water a year. The facility was the first paying customer for the Calleguas Regional Salinity Management Project.

Wastewater
A city facility processes and treats 75% of the wastewater. Camrosa Water District processes the rest.

Notable people

 * August Ames, adult film actress
 * Bryan Anger, NFL punter
 * Bill Austin, football player of the 1950s
 * Bob and Mike Bryan, brothers and professional tennis players, 16 major championships, Olympic gold medalists
 * Zach Charbonnet, football player for Seattle Seahawks.
 * Brandon Cruz, actor and musician
 * Kaley Cuoco, actress, star of television's The Big Bang Theory
 * Jeremy Fischer, high jumper and coach
 * Scott Fujita, linebacker for Cleveland Browns
 * Nat Gertler, writer, comics creator (About Comics)
 * Ashley Johnson, actress
 * Bobby Kimball, wide receiver for Green Bay Packers 1979-80
 * Charlie Kimball, Indycar driver
 * Henry Koster, Academy Award-nominated film director
 * John D. Lowry, film restoration specialist
 * Jessica Mendoza, USA softball player and ESPN baseball broadcaster
 * Mad Mike, musician
 * Peggy Moran, actress in films from 1938 to 1943
 * Cyrus Nowrasteh, screenwriter, producer and director
 * Mike Parrott, MLB pitcher for Baltimore Orioles and Seattle Mariners 1977-81
 * Duncan Renaldo, Western actor best remembered for playing The Cisco Kid.
 * Marla Runyan, Paralympic gold medalist, one of only five athletes to participate in both Paralympics and Olympics
 * Robert A. Rushworth, USAF astronaut
 * Jimmie Sherfy, Major League Baseball pitcher
 * Emil Sitka, actor of many films and television shows, most notably The Three Stooges film shorts
 * Jordan Sweeney, musician
 * Jeff Tackett, Major League Baseball catcher 1991-94
 * Jason Wade, guitarist and vocalist of rock band Lifehouse
 * Trevor Wallace, comedian, actor, podcaster
 * Patrick Warburton, actor, known for TV series Seinfeld
 * Delmon Young, Major League Baseball outfielder 2006-15
 * JoJo Romero Major League Baseball pitcher for the St. Louis Cardinals

title: Camarillo, California


text:
Casa Conejo, California

Casa Conejo (Spanish for "Rabbit House") is an unincorporated county island in Newbury Park, Ventura County, California, United States. It was the first planned community in Newbury Park and began building in 1960. When the city of Thousand Oaks incorporated 4 years later, the new developments in Newbury Park were incorporated into the city boundaries before being subdivided. The community is bordered by Old Conejo Road and US 101 to the north, Borchard Road to the south, Jenny Drive to the west, and Sequoia Middle School to the east. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Casa Conejo as a census-designated place (CDP). The census definition of the area may not precisely correspond to local understanding of the area with the same name. The population was 3,249 at the 2010 census, up from 3,180 at the 2000 census. Casa Conejo is located in a roughly rectangle-shaped unincorporated area surrounded by the city of Thousand Oaks.

The Casa Conejo Municipal Advisory Council (MAC) serves Casa Conejo residents, and makes recommendations to the Board of Supervisors. Its purpose is to provide a forum for Casa Conejo residents to discuss issues and come with ideas to the Board of Supervisors. While numerous other unincorporated islands were ultimately annexed by the City of Thousand Oaks during the 1980s, Casa Conejo voters rejected such efforts and remains an unincorporated pocket surrounded by Newbury Park. While Newbury Park is in Thousand Oaks, Casa Conejo is in Newbury Park but not in Thousand Oaks.

Geography
Casa Conejo is an unincorporated county island which is surrounded by Newbury Park. The borders of Casa Conejo make its shape more or less a quadrangle. Casa Conejo borders Borchard Road to the south and the Sequoia Middle School to the east. It is bounded by the Old Conejo Road and U.S. 101 Freeway to the north, while it is adjacent to Borchard Community Park, Newbury Park High School and Knoll Park to the east.

Casa Conejo is the oldest planned development in the town of Newbury Park, and is a smaller and more close-knit community than Newbury Park proper. It is often referred to as a neighborhood with a “small town-feel”. While Newbury Park is home to more than 37,700, Casa Conejo is a community of 1,000 homes as of 2016. As of the U.S. Census 2010, the total population of Casa Conejo was 3,249 (8.6% of Newbury Park's total population). The population has been relatively stagnant for decades in Casa Conejo: the U.S. Census of 1990 reported a total population of 3,180, down from 3,286 in 1980.

Conejo Valley's longest creek, Arroyo Conejo, flows westwards and crosses horizontally the southern part of Casa Conejo. A multi-use pathway along the creek has been proposed, which would cross the community and connect the Newbury Park Library and Borchard Community Park. The path would be open for pedestrians, bikers and equestrians, resembling Simi Valley's Arroyo Simi. The waterway is managed by the Ventura County Watershed Protection District, while the Conejo Recreation and Park District (CRPD) would overlook the proposed recreational multipurpose walkway.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Casa Conejo had a population of 3,249. The population density was 6,836.5 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Casa Conejo was 2,560 (78.8%) White, 27 (0.8%) African American, 20 (0.6%) Native American, 160 (4.9%) Asian, 4 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 327 (10.1%) from other races, and 151 (4.6%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 851 persons (26.2%).

The Census reported that 3,243 people (99.8% of the population) lived in households, 6 (0.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 990 households, out of which 431 (43.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 627 (63.3%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 110 (11.1%) had a female householder with no husband present, 63 (6.4%) had a male householder with no wife present There were 54 (5.5%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 6 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 122 households (12.3%) were made up of individuals, and 68 (6.9%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.28. There were 800 families (80.8% of all households); the average family size was 3.47.

The population was spread out, with 819 people (25.2%) under the age of 18, 285 people (8.8%) aged 18 to 24, 884 people (27.2%) aged 25 to 44, 887 people (27.3%) aged 45 to 64, and 374 people (11.5%) who were 65 years of age or older The median age was 38.4 years. For every 100 females there were 103.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.8 males.

There were 1,010 housing units at an average density of 2,125.2 /sqmi, of which 818 (82.6%) were owner-occupied, and 172 (17.4%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 0.8%; the rental vacancy rate was 2.3 2,577 people (79.3% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 666 people (20.5%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,180 people, 985 households, and 809 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 6,641.1 PD/sqmi. There were 993 housing units at an average density of 2,073.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 85.44% White, 1.01% African American, 0.28% Native American, 3.40% Asian, 0.38% Pacific Islander, 6.32% from other races, and 3.18% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 15.79% of the population.

There were 985 households, out of which 42.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.6% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.8% were non-families. 11.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older The average household size was 3.22 and the average family size was 3.45.

In the CDP the population was spread out, with 28.2% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 33.6% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 10.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 99.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.5 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $66,120, and the median income for a family was $64,345. Males had a median income of $41,806 versus $35,511 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $21,896. About 2.3% of families and 3.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.2% of those under age 18 and 4.4% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Linda Parks

title: Casa Conejo, California


text:
El Rio, California

El Rio (Spanish: El Río, meaning "The River") is a small, rural unincorporated town in Ventura County, California, United States, on the northeast side of the 101 Freeway and Oxnard, and south of the Santa Clara River. The town was founded in 1875 and named New Jerusalem by the owner of general store who became the first postmaster in 1882. In 1885, a school and Santa Clara Catholic Church were built. Located near where the coastal railroad line crosses the Santa Clara River, the town's name was changed to El Rio around 1900. The former wagon river crossing route became the Ventura Freeway which separates the community from the commercial developments that grew up on the southwest side of the freeway. That portion of the historic community and sections closer to the river have been annexed to the city of Oxnard. Vineyard Avenue (State Route 232) is the central business district for the largely residential community.

The population was 7,198 at the 2010 census, up from 6,193 at the time the 2000 census was enumerated. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined a portion of the unincorporated area as El Rio census-designated place (CDP) which does not precisely correspond to the historical community that is much larger with significant portions having been annexed to the city of Oxnard.

Etymology
El Rio was first named New Jerusalem by Simon Cohn in 1875. The post office later changed its name to El Rio in 1895, which is the Spanish translation for “the river”.

History
Early inhabitants of the area were the Chumash, a Native American tribe who continue to inhabit the area. The Chumash region extends from Point Conception to Santa Monica and back into the foothills as far as the Coast Range. One of their largest settlements was at nearby Saticoy, because of the bubbling springs that were found there.

On May 6, 1837, Juan M. Sanchez (1791–1873), a former Santa Barbara Presidio soldier, was granted the Rancho Santa Clara del Norte, which contained 13989 acre of land extending from the Santa Clara River south to the northern boundary of present-day Camarillo, and from the present day 101 Freeway east to the west end of South Mountain. Sanchez and his wife, Ines Guevara de Sanchez (1794–1862), had their adobe home built below the western slope of South Mountain, within a heavy group of eucalyptus trees at the east end of present-day Rose Avenue, an avenue that was lined on both sides with tall eucalyptus trees.

The town was founded in 1875 and named New Jerusalem, California, by Simon Cohn (1852–1936), a Prussian Jewish merchant who built a general store at the location. The U.S. Post Office Department established New Jerusalem Post Office on July 26, 1882, and Cohn was appointed the first postmaster. The first one-room schoolhouse was opened in 1885. Santa Clara Catholic Church was founded the same year though services has been conducted since 1877. It was the first Catholic church to be built in Ventura County since the founding of Mission San Buenaventura 95 years earlier.

Octaviano and Rosaria Moraga were early settlers who first came to county in the 1870s from Sonora, Mexico. Octaviano worked as the barkeeper at the New Parian Hotel in Ventura, and ran a boarding house they owned in Ventura. They eventually were able to buy land in New Jerusalem where Octaviano ran a livery stable. He also drove a two-horse stage between Port Hueneme and the Montalvo train station. His descendants were part of the El Rio community up into the 21st century.

On February 14, 1895, the postal authority changed the name of the town to Jerusalem. Four months later, they changed it to Elrio (one word.) In 1905, they changed it to El Rio, two words, which means in Spanish "The River," referring to the nearby Santa Clara or to El Rio de Santa Clara o La Colonia. The town was at a crossroads on the boundary of two ranchos (El Rio de Santa Clara o La Colonia and Rancho Santa Clara del Norte).

The El Rio Post Office was discontinued on October 31, 1911. It was reestablished in 1953. Until Rio Mesa High School was built on Central Avenue northeast of El Rio and opened in 1965, El Rio students were bused to Oxnard High School and later to Camarillo High School in Camarillo. The post office was discontinued again in 1966.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the census-designated place (CDP) has a total area of 2.0 sqmi, all of it land.

East and southeast of town, within the adjoining agricultural area, is the Santa Clara Avenue Oil Field.

It has an average elevation of 80 feet.

Demographics
El Rio has the highest percentage of manufacturing workers in Ventura County: 34% of residents have jobs within the manufacturing industries.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that El Rio had a population of 7,198. The population density was 3,556.5 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of El Rio was 3,495 (48.6%) White, 58 (0.8%) African American, 201 (2.8%) Native American, 73 (1.0%) Asian, 24 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 3,027 (42.1%) from other races, and 320 (4.4%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6,188 persons (86.0%).

The Census reported that 7,190 people (99.9% of the population) lived in households, 8 (0.1%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 1,629 households, out of which 904 (55.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 940 (57.7%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 284 (17.4%) had a female householder with no husband present, 164 (10.1%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 102 (6.3%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 14 (0.9%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 181 households (11.1%) were made up of individuals, and 79 (4.8%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.41. There were 1,388 families (85.2% of all households); the average family size was 4.47.

The population was spread out, with 2,157 people (30.0%) under the age of 18, 930 people (12.9%) aged 18 to 24, 2,028 people (28.2%) aged 25 to 44, 1,421 people (19.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 662 people (9.2%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 106.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.0 males.

There were 1,700 housing units at an average density of 840.0 /sqmi, of which 981 (60.2%) were owner-occupied, and 648 (39.8%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.4%; the rental vacancy rate was 2.8%. 4,223 people (58.7% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 2,967 people (41.2%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 6,193 people, 1,467 households, and 1,273 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 3,961.2 people per square mile (1,532.8/km2). There were 1,491 housing units at an average density of 953.7 per square mile (369.0/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 47.60% White, 1.26% African American, 2.52% Native American, 1.39% Asian, 0.34% Pacific Islander, 42.48% from other races, and 4.41% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 77.36% of the population.

There were 1,467 households, out of which 45.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.7% were married couples living together, 15.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 13.2% were non-families. 10.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.22 and the average family size was 4.31.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 33.0% under the age of 18, 11.2% from 18 to 24, 28.7% from 25 to 44, 16.6% from 45 to 64, and 10.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.7 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $50,273, and the median income for a family was $56,339. Males had a median income of $35,041 versus $22,254 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $14,898. About 9.4% of families and 13.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.2% of those under age 18 and 3.9% of those age 65 or over.

Arts and culture
The Albert H. Soliz Library in the community is a branch of the Ventura County Library system. Poet and novelist Michele Serros a book-signing event here in 2006 when her young-adult novel “Honey Blonde Chica” was published. She remarked "This library was my home away from home when I was growing up." The Roger Jones Community Center is nearby with an adjoining public park.

Infrastructure
A majority of the streets in the older unincorporated area do not have sidewalks. As traffic has increased, the safety of school children and other pedestrians has been a concern for the community. Cloverdale Mutual Water District serves 135 households in the community which is about 500 residents. In the 1990s, the area's existing septic tanks were banned because of groundwater contamination in this area of the Oxnard Plain adjacent to the Santa Clara River. A $35 million conversion to a sewer system was undertaken by the county. The area storm water drains into the adjacent Santa Clara River.

Ventura County juvenile justice center is located on the outskirts of El Rio near the small community of Strickland and Rio Mesa High School. The high-security facility on Vineyard Avenue is colloquially known as juvenile hall.

title: El Rio, California


text:
Fillmore, California

Fillmore is a small city in Ventura County, California, United States, in the Santa Clara River Valley. In an agricultural area with rich, fertile soil, Fillmore has a historic downtown that was established when the Southern Pacific built the railroad through the valley in 1887. The rail line also provided a name for the town: J. A. Fillmore was a general superintendent for the company's Pacific system. The population was 16,419 at the 2020 census, up 9.4% from 15,002 during the 2010 census.

History
In 1769, the Spanish Portola expedition, first Europeans to see inland areas of California, came down the valley from the previous night's encampment near today's Rancho Camulos and camped in the vicinity of Fillmore on August 11. Fray Juan Crespi, a Franciscan missionary travelling with the expedition, had previously named the valley Cañada de Santa Clara. He noted that the party travelled about 9–10 miles and camped near a large native village.

Founded in 1887 upon the arrival of the Southern Pacific Rail line, the city voted to incorporate in 1914, after a vigorous campaign by local business owners and the Fillmore Herald.

In 1985, the city council voted to make English the city's official language. The resolution was repealed in 1999.

At about 4:30am the morning of January 17, 1994, Fillmore sustained significant damage from the Northridge earthquake. It was the worst-hit community in Ventura County. No one in the community died or was injured, but over 200 buildings were damaged, including about one-fifth of the historical downtown that had been the center of numerous Hollywood films and TV shows. The quake caused an estimated $50 million in property damage and losses. Ultimately, 60 buildings needed to be torn down, and Fillmore rebuilt most of its downtown area.

Geography
Fillmore sits at the foot of Topatopa Mountains in the Santa Clara River Valley, below San Cayetano peak in the Los Padres National Forest. The Sespe Condor Sanctuary, where the critically endangered California condor is recovering, lies in the Topatopa range to the north.

The town is famous for its many orange groves. Most houses are cottages, bungalows and old homes. Over half of all homes were constructed after 1970. The oldest buildings are found in downtown, which is centered around Central Avenue. Particularly the western part of the city has newer residential communities. Most businesses are located on Ventura Street (Highway 126).

The nearby Sespe Creek is a tributary of the Santa Clara River. Fillmore is within a historic Ventura County agricultural and tree-farming belt. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.4 sqmi, 99.97% of it land and 0.03% of it water.

Climate
This region experiences hot and dry summers. Temperatures can easily reach above 100 degrees. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Fillmore has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csb" on climate maps.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Fillmore had a population of 15,002. The population density was 4,458.5 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Fillmore was 8,581 (57.2%) White, 75 (0.5%) African American, 180 (1.2%) Native American, 155 (1.0%) Asian, 12 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 5,204 (34.7%) from other races, and 795 (5.3%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11,212 persons (74.7%).

The Census reported that 14,836 people (98.9% of the population) lived in households, 83 (0.6%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 83 (0.6%) were institutionalized.

There were 4,156 households, out of which 2,053 (49.4%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 2,483 (59.7%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 569 (13.7%) had a female householder with no husband present. 312 (7.5%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 259 (6.2%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 34 (0.8%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 642 households (15.4%) were made up of individuals, and 299 (7.2%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.57. There were 3,364 families (80.9% of all households); the average family size was 3.92.

The population was spread out, with 4,534 people (30.2%) under the age of 18, 1,555 people (10.4%) aged 18 to 24, 4,141 people (27.6%) aged 25 to 44, 3,221 people (21.5%) aged 45 to 64, and 1,551 people (10.3%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.9 males.

There were 4,408 housing units at an average density of 1,310.0 /mi2, of which 2,674 (64.3%) were owner-occupied, and 1,482 (35.7%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.5%. 9,324 people (62.2% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 5,512 people (36.7%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 13,643 people, 3,762 households, and 3,032 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,910.8 PD/sqmi. There were 3,852 housing units at an average density of 1,386.5 /mi2. The racial makeup of the city was 53.5% White, 0.3% African American, 1.4% Native American, 1% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, and 39.5% from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 66.6% of the population.

There were 3,762 households, out of which 45.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.3% were married couples living together, 12.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.4% were non-families. 16.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.56 and the average family size was 3.94.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 32.3% under the age of 18, 10.7% from 18 to 24, 29.0% from 25 to 44, 17.5% from 45 to 64, and 10.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $45,510, and the median income for a family was $47,449. Males had a median income of $34,441 versus $24,660 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,010. About 11.4% of families and 13.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.3% of those under age 18 and 7.4% of those age 65 or over.

Economy
Fillmore's economy is still largely driven by agriculture. Most agricultural industry in the Fillmore area is related to orange, lemon, avocado orchard farming and packing and, more recently, specimen tree farming. To a lesser extent, row crop farming and small industry and assembly are also present in and near Fillmore and in other parts of the Santa Clara River Valley. The single largest employer is the Fillmore Unified School District.

In 2014, a plan was presented for a business park on the old Chevron refinery property east of Fillmore.

Tourism
Fillmore has turn of the 20th century downtown architecture, the one-screen Fillmore Towne Theatre, and many unique shops and businesses. Adjacent to the railroad tracks and city hall is the Railroad Visitor Center operated by the Santa Clara River Valley Railroad Historical Society, which has many displays as well as a fully operational 90 ft train turntable and several restored railroad cars.

The Fillmore Historical Museum includes the restored Southern Pacific Railroad Fillmore station standard-design One Story Combination Depot No. 11 built in 1887, a 1956 Southern Pacific railroad caboose, and railroad-related displays. The Fillmore and Western Railway trains took tourists through the orchards for thirty years until it ceased operations in 2021. The small post office from the community of Bardsdale and a 1919 farm worker bunkhouse from Rancho Sespe were moved to the site along with the 1905 Craftsman-style Hinckley House, the home of the community's first dentist and druggist. The bunkhouse contains many displays illustrating the history of Fillmore and the nearby communities of Bardsdale and Piru.

Located nearby are the Fillmore fish hatchery and the Sespe Creek and Sespe Wilderness, home to the California condor Sespe sanctuary.

Government
The City of Fillmore is an established municipality within Ventura County, founded in 1888 and incorporated on July 10, 1914. The city is governed by a five-person council with the position of mayor and mayor pro-tem elected by the council every two years. Council members serve four-year terms.

Law enforcement
In 1987, the City of Fillmore contracted with the Ventura County Sheriff's Department to provide protection for Fillmore, Bardsdale and Piru, an area with over 450 sqmi. Fillmore's Police Department is headed by Sheriff's Capt. Dave Wareham, 5 Patrol Sergeants, 2 Detectives, 35 regular deputies, 1 cadet and 1 dispatcher. Fillmore is also served by three Sheriff's Store Front Locations, a Juvenile Liaison Program with the School District, Citizens Patrol Disaster Response Team, Fillmore Mountain Search and Rescue Team and Citizens Patrol.

The Fillmore Police Department has a Bike Patrol Unit, which consists of eight specially trained deputies. The Bike Patrol is utilized for proactive patrols, civic events, enforcement of public nuisance crimes, and other team operations. Each year the Santa Clara Valley Station offers a Bike Rodeo for the youth in the community.

Also, the Fillmore Station is home to a Special Enforcement Detail that provides a variety of specialized duties including gang enforcement, tagging/graffiti investigations, and alcohol beverage control. This unit is utilized for any specific crime concerns that are beyond the scope of normal patrol resources.

In August 2001, the City of Fillmore introduced its first traffic enforcement motorcycle, a BMW bike, which was purchased with technology grant funds from the State. The motor officer's primary duty is to enforce traffic laws within the city and to investigate traffic accidents that occur within the city limits. The officer is trained in accident reconstruction, skid marks analysis, and accident investigation.*

During events such as the Fillmore 4th of July Festival or the Fillmore May Festival, extra law enforcement is required.

Fire department
The Fillmore Fire Department provides fire protection and emergency medical services at the advanced life support (ALS) level. The department is staffed with a combination of career and volunteer staff. American Medical Response (AMR) is the primary paramedic ambulance provider for the city while the Ventura County Fire Department provides 9-1-1 dispatching and telecommunication service.

Crime
Fillmore has an overall low crime rate.

Education
The city is served by the Fillmore Unified School District. Educational facilities for the district include two high schools including, one middle school, and four elementary schools.

A fifth elementary school is located in the town of Piru, which is also a part of the school district. The Fillmore Christian Academy is a private K-8 school in town.

Elementary schools

 * San Cayetano Elementary School
 * Rio Vista Elementary School
 * Fillmore Christian Academy
 * Mountain Vista Elementary School
 * Rio Vista Elementary School

Junior high schools

 * Fillmore Middle School

High schools

 * Fillmore High School
 * Sierra High School

Major highways
It is primarily served by State Highway 126 and State Highway 23.
 * California 126.svg California State Highway 126
 * California 23.svg California State Highway 23

VCTC
Fillmore is at the east end of the Ventura Intercity Service Transit Authority Highway 126 route that originates at the Pacific View Mall in Ventura, and operates along SR 126 to Saticoy, Santa Paula and Fillmore.

Valley Express
Fillmore will have its first regularly scheduled bus service. Fillmore will have a single bus on a 30-minute loop throughout the city, and one route running between Fillmore and Piru. Both city bus systems will connect to the regional Highway 126 bus to Ventura, with free, timed transfers.

Scheduled service began in 2015 for the Heritage Valley communities with two routes in Santa Paula, one route in Fillmore and one in Piru that runs to Fillmore. They are designed to mesh with the schedule of the VISTA Highway 126 route. 16-seat buses are used on the Valley Express. The dial-a-ride services in both cities, which for now are the only public transit option, will remain in operation after the bus routes start.

Wastewater treatment
Veolia North America operates the City of Fillmore Wastewater Treatment Plant.

Notable residents

 * Nati Cano (1933–2014), mariachi musician, former leader of Mariachi los Camperos
 * Chad Hansen NFL Wide Receiver

In popular culture
While Rancho Camulos appears in the film Ramona (1910), Fillmore's State Fish Hatchery is featured in Susanna Pass (1949).

Movies shot in Fillmore include Hit and Run.

La Bamba was partially filmed in Fillmore. The old run-down house can be found in North Fillmore.

Well-preserved downtown Fillmore is a popular filming location for television and movies. The January 4, 2007, episode of CSI entitled Leaving Las Vegas prominently featured old-town Fillmore as the fictional town of "Larkston, Nevada". Scenes in the television series Jericho and Big Love are also filmed there.

The town of Paleto Bay in Grand Theft Auto V is based on Fillmore.

Fillmore was featured by Huell Howser in Road Trip Episode 102.

*NSYNC Recorded the Train scene in the music video of Bye Bye Bye in Fillmore.

Train mentions Fillmore in the leadoff track to there album, Save Me, San Francisco.

title: Fillmore, California


text:
Meiners Oaks, California

Meiners Oaks is an unincorporated community lying west of the city of Ojai in Ventura County, California, United States. The population was 3,571 at the 2010 census. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Meiners Oaks as a census-designated place (CDP).

History
German native John Meiners had immigrated to America in 1848 and established a successful brewing operation in Milwaukee. In the 1870s, he acquired the land that would become Meiners Oaks as payment for a debt. When a friend and business associate, Edward D. Holton, travelled through California and investigated the land, Meiners learned that he had acquired one of the largest oak groves on flat ground in southern California. Upon arriving in person, Meiners also found the climate agreeable, and established a ranch. Several hundred acres, north of the oak grove, were used quite successfully to grow lemons, oranges, plums, apricots and apples, as well as oats, wheat, barley and more. Meiners lived on his ranch intermittently until his death in 1898.

Geography
Meiners Oaks is in the mid-northern section of the Ojai Valley, and is bordered by the community of Mira Monte to the south, and the City of Ojai to the east. Meiners Oaks is in the heart of the Ojai Valley, very close to the Ventura River, where there are several hiking trails.

The community is 70 mi north of Los Angeles. The census bureau definition of the area as a CDP may not precisely correspond to local understanding of the area with the same name.

Climate
The climate of Meiners Oaks is Mediterranean, characterized by hot, dry summers, at times exceeding 100 F, and mild, rainy winters, with lows at night falling below freezing at times. During dry spells with continental air, morning temperatures, due to Ojai's valley location, can drop well below most of Southern California, with the record being 13 F on January 6 and 7 of 1913. On the other hand, Meiners Oaks is far enough from the sea to minimize marine cooling, and very hot days can occur during summer, with the record being 119 F on June 16, 1917 – when it fell as low as 65 F in the morning due to clear skies and dry air.

Typically for much of coastal southern California, most precipitation falls in the form of rain between the months of October and April, with intervening dry summers. As with all of Southern California, rain falls on few days, but when it does rain it is often extremely heavy: the record being 9.05 in on February 24, 1913, followed by 8.15 in on January 26, 1914. During the wettest month on record of January 1969, 25.76 in fell, with a whopping 23.46 in in eight days from January 19 to January 26. In contrast, the median annual rainfall for all years in Meiners Oaks is only around 18.1 in and in the driest "rain year" from July 2006 to June 2007, just 6.87 in fell in twelve months. The wettest "rain year" was from July 1997 to June 1998 with 48.29 in.

2010
At the 2010 census Meiners Oaks had a population of 3,571. This reflects a decrease in population of 4.8%, as compared with the 2000 census (not a difference of "one person" as noted above). The population density was 2,535.8 pd/sqmi. The racial makeup of Meiners Oaks was 2,789 (78.1%) White, 14 (0.4%) African American, 58 (1.6%) Native American, 51 (1.4%) Asian, 1 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 549 (15.4%) from other races, and 109 (3.1%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1,068 persons (29.9%).

The census reported that 3,565 people (99.8% of the population) lived in households, 6 (0.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and no one was institutionalized.

There were 1,283 households, 460 (35.9%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 607 (47.3%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 178 (13.9%) had a female householder with no husband present, 81 (6.3%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 101 (7.9%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 11 (0.9%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 311 households (24.2%) were one person and 130 (10.1%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.78. There were 866 families (67.5% of households); the average family size was 3.24.

The age distribution was 851 people (23.8%) under the age of 18, 300 people (8.4%) aged 18 to 24, 845 people (23.7%) aged 25 to 44, 1,116 people (31.3%) aged 45 to 64, and 459 people (12.9%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 40.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.4 males.

There were 1,396 housing units at an average density of 991.3 per square mile, of the occupied units 798 (62.2%) were owner-occupied and 485 (37.8%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.1%; the rental vacancy rate was 6.7%. 2,200 people (61.6% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,365 people (38.2%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 3,750 people, 1,288 households, and 941 families in the CDP. The population density was 2,748.0 pd/sqmi. There were 1,325 housing units at an average density of 971.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 83.12% White, 0.43% African American, 1.09% Native American, 0.91% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 10.77% from other races, and 3.60% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 23.09%.

Of the 1,288 households 42.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.0% were married couples living together, 14.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.9% were non-families. 21.0% of households were one person and 7.7% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.90 and the average family size was 3.32.

The age distribution was 29.9% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 28.4% from 25 to 44, 23.5% from 45 to 64, and 10.2% 65 or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.7 males.

The median household income was $51,811 and the median family income was $56,778. Males had a median income of $49,083 versus $28,839 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $23,152. About 8.1% of families and 11.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.3% of those under age 18 and 6.6% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Schools in Meiners Oaks are served by the Ojai Unified School District, including Meiners Oaks Elementary School. There are also several private schools located in Meiners Oaks.

Libraries
Public Libraries: Ventura County Library - 14 locations with three branches in the Ojai Valley: Meiners Oaks Library, Ojai Library, and Oak View Library.

title: Meiners Oaks, California