text:
Smithfield, Ohio

Smithfield is an unincorporated place and former village in Smithfield Township, Jefferson County, Ohio, United States. The population was 869 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Weirton–Steubenville, WV-OH Metropolitan Statistical Area. In 2019, Smithfield voted to dissolve itself.

History
Smithfield was platted in 1803. A post office called Smithfield has been in operation since 1814.

During Morgan's Raid, a Union victory in the Civil War in 1863, Confederate Brid. Gen. John Hunt Morgan traveled through the Moorefield, Harrisville, New Athens, Smithfield, New Alexandria, Wintersville, Two Ridge, Richmond, East Springfield, Bergholz, and Monroeville on his way to defeat at the Battle of Salineville.

In 2016, Smithfield survived an initiative to dissolve the village into surrounding Smithfield Township. However, Smithfield voted to dissolve itself in November 2019.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.95 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 869 people, 362 households, and 234 families living in the village. The population density was 914.7 PD/sqmi. There were 437 housing units at an average density of 460.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 86.7% White, 11.3% African American, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.3% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.2% of the population.

There were 362 households, of which 28.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.3% were married couples living together, 10.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 35.4% were non-families. 30.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.90.

The median age in the village was 42.9 years. 22.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.3% were from 25 to 44; 29.8% were from 45 to 64; and 17.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 47.5% male and 52.5% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 867 people, 358 households, and 230 families living in the village. The population density was 904.5 PD/sqmi. There were 405 housing units at an average density of 422.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 86.97% White, 9.80% African American, 0.12% Native American, 0.35% from other races, and 2.77% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.23% of the population.

There were 358 households, out of which 27.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.9% were married couples living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.5% were non-families. 32.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.90.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.1% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 26.1% from 25 to 44, 24.0% from 45 to 64, and 19.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 90.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.8 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $25,179, and the median income for a family was $30,833. Males had a median income of $33,500 versus $17,813 for females. The per capita income for the village was $13,734. About 21.4% of families and 28.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 37.0% of those under age 18 and 19.1% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Public education in the village of Smithfield is provided by the Buckeye Local School District.

Notable people

 * John Domenick, member of the Ohio House of Representatives
 * Samuel Grimshaw, Medal Of Honor recipient
 * William Sharon, United States Senator from Nevada
 * James Sutherland, Wisconsin State Senator
 * W. E. Clyde Todd, Ornithologist

title: Smithfield, Ohio


text:
Steubenville, Ohio

Steubenville is a city in and the county seat of Jefferson County, Ohio, United States. Located along the Ohio River 33 mi west of Pittsburgh, it had a population of 18,161 at the 2020 census. The city's name is derived from Fort Steuben, a 1786 fort that sat within the city's current limits and was named for Prussian military officer Baron Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben. It is a principal city of the Weirton–Steubenville metropolitan area, which had a 2020 population of 116,903 residents.

Steubenville's nickname is the "City of Murals", after its more than 25 downtown murals. The campuses of Franciscan University of Steubenville and Eastern Gateway Community College are in Steubenville. Historically, it was known as the birthplace and home town of Edwin Stanton, Secretary of War during the American Civil War. It is known as the city where legendary entertainer Dean Martin of the Rat Pack was born and raised. It has recently attracted attention for the Steubenville Nutcracker Village, an annual Christmastime event.

History
In 1786–87, soldiers of the First American Regiment under Major Jean François Hamtramck built Fort Steuben to protect the government surveyors mapping the land west of the Ohio River, and named the fort in honor of Baron Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben. When the surveyors completed their task a few years later, the fort was abandoned. In the meantime, settlers had built homes around the fort; they named their settlement Steubenville. The name Steubenville was derived from Fort Steuben to honor Baron von Steuben (the fort was named for the Baron). The town was sometimes referred to as La Belle City, a franglais interpretation of "The Beautiful City".

On July 29, 1797, Jefferson County was organized by a proclamation of Governor Arthur St. Clair, and Steubenville was selected as the county seat. It was platted in the same year by Bezaliel Wells and James Ross, the city's co-founders. Wells, a government surveyor born in Baltimore, received about 1000 acre of land west of the Ohio River; Ross, a lawyer from Pittsburgh, owned the land north of Wells.

On March 1, 1803, Ohio was admitted to the Union as the 17th state. During the first half of the nineteenth century, Steubenville was primarily a port town, and the rest of the county was small villages and farms. Steubenville received a city charter in 1851. In 1856, Frazier, Kilgore and Company erected a rolling mill (the forerunner of steel mills) and the Steubenville Coal and Mining Company sank a coal shaft. The city was a stop along the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad, which connected Pittsburgh to Chicago and St. Louis.

The Steubenville Female Seminary, also known as Beatty's Seminary for Young Ladies or Steubenville Seminary, was an early private educational institution for women founded by Presbyterian minister Charles Clinton Beatty in 1829. It was closed in 1898 and the buildings were eventually razed for part of what is now Ohio State Route 7.

In 1946, the College of Steubenville was founded by the Franciscan Friars of the Third Order Regular. In 1980, its name was changed to University of Steubenville, and finally in 1985 to Franciscan University of Steubenville. In 1966, the Jefferson County Technical Institute was founded. In 1977, its name was changed to Jefferson Technical College. In 1995, it became a community college and was renamed Jefferson Community College. In 2009, the college expanded its service district by three Ohio counties, and was renamed again: Eastern Gateway Community College.

The city gained international attention in late 2012 from the events surrounding the Steubenville High School rape case, which occurred in August 2012. The case was first covered by The New York Times that December, followed by the computer hacker group Anonymous later that month, and the subsequent coverage of the trials in late 2013. The case was significant in the extensive use of social media as evidence and in opening a national discussion on the concept of rape culture.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 10.63 sqmi, of which 10.55 sqmi is land and 0.08 sqmi is water. The city lies along the Ohio River, with the city spreading west from the floodplains to the hills that surround the city. It lies within the ecoregion of the Western Allegheny Plateau.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot summers and relatively cold winters and evenly distributed precipitation throughout the year. As detailed in a March 2022 guide from the Climate Receiver Places Project at the PLACE initiative, Steubenville is a climate resilient geography based on its relatively low climate change risk exposure. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Steubenville has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfa" on climate maps.

Demographics
The city's population peaked in 1940 at 37,651. After large declines for many decades, the population decline stabilized some, with the 2010 and 2020 censuses showing the smallest declines in any decade since the peak. This trend is reflected in the US Census Bureau's estimate of the 2020 population from its American Community Survey of 17,882 being lower than the actual count in the 2020 census of 18,161, an increase compared to the estimate of 279. This is similar to the situation in 2010 when the estimated population of the American Community Survey was 18,578, but the actual count in the 2010 census was 18,659, an increase of 81.

Steubenville is a principal city of the Weirton–Steubenville metropolitan area and is part of the larger Pittsburgh–New Castle–Weirton combined statistical area. From 1980 to 2000, census figures show that the Weirton–Steubenville metro population decreased faster than that of any other urban area in the United States.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 18,659 people, 7,548 households, and 4,220 families residing in the city. The population density was 1768.6 PD/sqmi. There were 8,857 housing units at an average density of 839.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 79.0% White, 15.9% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.8% Asian, 0.6% from other races, and 3.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.4% of the population.

There were 7,548 households, of which 25.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.8% were married couples living together, 16.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 44.1% were non-families. 37.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.91.

The median age in the city was 38.8 years. 20.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 16.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.3% were from 25 to 44; 25.9% were from 45 to 64; and 17.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.1% male and 53.9% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 19,015 people, 8,342 households, and 4,880 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,842.2 PD/sqmi. There were 9,449 housing units at an average density of 915.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 79.55% White, 17.25% African American, 0.22% Native American, 0.73% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.53% from other races, and 1.70% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.97% of the population.

There were 8,342 households, out of which 23.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.2% were married couples living together, 14.9% had a female householder, and 41.5% were non-families. 36.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.86.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 21.2% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 24.3% from 25 to 44, 24.2% from 45 to 64, and 22.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $26,516, and the median income for a family was $36,597. Males had a median income of $36,416 versus $21,819 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,830. About 15.3% of families and 20.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 29.2% of those under the age of 18 and 11.0% of those aged 65 and older.

Religion
Like most cities of comparable age and size, Steubenville has well-established Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Protestant and, until 2013, Jewish communities. Steubenville is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Steubenville. Holy Name Church was selected as the diocesan cathedral in 1944 when the southeastern part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Columbus was made into the Diocese of Steubenville. Recent financial difficulties resulted in a proposal to re-merge the diocese with the Columbus diocese, but the proposal proved very contentious and has been tabled for further study.

Economy
Steubenville and the communities that surround it, especially Weirton, West Virginia, have experienced sluggish economies since the steel industry waned during the 1980s. Corporations such as Weirton Steel have had to reduce their workforce in order to become more efficient and competitive against other steel producers and lower steel prices worldwide.

Starting in 2014, the Harmonium Project and numerous others partners began a series of street festivals called First Fridays on Fourth to build community and generate interest and economic activity downtown. More recently there have been several new businesses opened Downtown on 4th Street, including Drosselmeyer’s Nutcracker Shoppe, Leonardo’s Coffeehouse and the Steubenville Popcorn Co.

The new Findlay Connector has been built in western Pennsylvania as a toll-access highway between Pittsburgh International Airport at Interstate 376 and U.S. Route 22 in northwestern Washington County. Travel time between the Pittsburgh International Airport and the city of Steubenville is now approximately 25 minutes.

Steubenville is located near two large shale formations: the Marcellus and Utica formations.

Historic sites
Fort Steuben, located downtown on South Third Street, is a reconstructed 18th century fort on its original location overlooking the Ohio River. Built in 1787 to protect the government surveyors of the Seven Ranges of the Northwest Territory, Fort Steuben housed 150 men of the 1st American Regiment. The non-profit organization that worked to rebuild the fort also developed the surrounding block into Fort Steuben Park that includes the Veterans Memorial Fountain and the Berkman Amphitheater. The Fort Steuben Visitors center is home to the Museum Shop and the Steubenville Convention & Visitors Bureau and is an official site on the Ohio River Scenic Byway.

Adjacent to the fort is the First Federal Land Office with its original logs from 1801. After the Ohio country was surveyed, it could be sold or given away as land grants; the settlers brought their deeds to be registered at the Land Office to David Hoge, the Registrar of Lands and Titles for the Northwest Territory.

"Ohio Valley Steelworker" Statue was created by artist Dimitri Akis as a tribute to the Ohio Valley Steelworkers. The life-size figure carries a long-handled dipping ladle and is wearing the hooded fire-proof suit worn in the steel mills. The statue was located at the junction of Hwy 22 (University Blvd) and Hwy 7 (Dean Martin Blvd). In the fall of 2014, the statue was moved to its new home, displayed on South Fourth Street at the site of the Public Library of Steubenville and Jefferson County.

There is a statue downtown commemorating Edwin Stanton, President Abraham Lincoln's secretary of war. Stanton was born and raised in Steubenville.

Actor, singer and comedian Dean Martin was born and raised in Steubenville, and the town features an annual Dean Martin Festival and a Dean Martin Room at the Jefferson County Historical Museum and Library.

Libraries
Steubenville has two public lending libraries, the Carnegie Library of Steubenville and Schiappa Branch Library.

Murals
Steubenville's nickname is the "City of Murals", because there are more than 25 downtown murals. There are numerous murals, markers and a walking tour in Steubenville, many paying homage to Dean Martin. There is also a mural Washington Street dedicated to two Tuskegee Airmen who were brothers, John Ellis Edwards and Jerome Edwards.

Steubenville Nutcracker Village
In 2015, two local businessmen started a Christmas-themed festival, the Steubenville Nutcracker Village and Advent Market. The event is centered around a large collection life-size nutcracker sculptures spread throughout Fort Steuben Park in downtown Steubenville. The Nutcracker Village is free and open to the public 24 hours a day and generally runs from the Tuesday before Thanksgiving to Epiphany Sunday in early January.

The event began in 2015 with 37 locally produced, hand-painted nutcrackers. They are made of fiberglass and foam at a local business. Design and production takes about 40 hours each. In the second year, there were a total of 75 nutcrackers; by 2023, there were 209 around town. Each of the nutcrackers, which range in height from 5 to 9 ft tall is unique, and the designs include fictional characters from books, movies, comic strips, and songs, holiday characters like Mrs. Claus, and professions, such as a steel welder.

Live entertainment and a German-style Advent Market featuring local artisans and craftsmen, as well as hot food and drink vendors, runs each weekend through the month of December in Fort Steuben Park to coincide with the Nutcracker Village event. The popularity of the Nutcracker Village since its inception has inspired other nutcracker-themed ventures in the City of Steubenville, including Drosselmeyer's Nutcracker Shoppe, a year-round Christmas shop in downtown Steubenville, and Wooden Hearts Follies, a locally-written and performed musical centered around characters from the event. The Nutcracker Village attracted over 40,000 visitors in 2017 and is credited with bringing new life to Steubenville's downtown area.

Sports
Between 1887 and 1913, a team known as the Steubenville Stubs sparsely played minor league baseball at various times in the Ohio State League, Interstate League, Ohio–Pennsylvania League and Pennsylvania–Ohio–Maryland League. The Steubenville Stampede was a member of the Continental Indoor Football League from 2006 to 2007.

Cuisine
Steubenville is the birthplace of Ohio Valley-style pizza, a distinctive style of pizza that features cold toppings on a baked crust.

Politics

The City of Steubenville is part of the 6th congressional district of Ohio and was represented by Bill Johnson until January 2024. The 6th district is the longest US House district in Ohio and runs along the southeast state borders of Ohio.

Policing, civil rights lawsuits, and reform
In 1997, the U.S. Department of Justice alleged that the city and police force had subjected numerous individuals to "excessive force, false arrests, charges, and reports" and had engaged in practices regarding "improper stops, searches, and seizures". The report from the Department also stated that excessive force was levied against individuals who witnessed incidents of police misconduct, and against those who were known critics of the city and its police force. Those individuals were also falsely detained if the city and the police agreed that they were "likely to complain of abuse". It further stated that the officers involved falsified reports and tampered with official police recorders so that "misconduct would not be recorded".

As a result, the city's police force became the second city in the United States to sign a consent decree with the federal government due to an excessive number of civil rights lawsuits. The decree was signed on September 4, 1997, under the "pattern or practice" provision. Under this agreement, the city agreed to improve the training of its police officers, implement new guidelines and procedures, establish an internal affairs unit, and establish an "early warning system".

Based on reformed use of force policies and improved police training requirements implemented by the city and its police department, the consent decree with the U.S. Department of Justice ended on March 4, 2005. These reforms and improvements were reviewed by the city council in 2020, and the city manager outlined use of force policies, data, and training that showed continuing improvements.

Speed camera lawsuit
The speed camera program began in 2005 and earned the city $600,000 in revenues, as nearly 7,000 tickets (at $85 each) were issued during that time period. In March 2006, the Jefferson County Court of Common Pleas ruled that the city ordinance of supporting the speed camera program was illegal and unconstitutional. The city refused to remove the cameras, however, because it stated it was "bound by contract to continue the services" of Traffipax, Inc., the US subsidiary of ROBOT Visual Systems, a German corporation. Despite attempts to remove the cameras, the city continued to defy the judge's order and reinstated an identical ordinance to continue issuing citations. Councilman at Large Michael Hernon cast the sole dissenting vote against reinstating the traffic cameras.

In mid-2006, an attorney filed a class-action lawsuit against the city of Steubenville for illegally collecting fines and generating unnecessary revenue from motorists. He won the case in December 2007 and the city was forced to refund thousands of tickets totaling $258,000. Stern also gathered enough signatures from the residents of the city to put forth a referendum that posed the question of whether the city's ordinance authorizing the speed camera program should continue. On November 8, 2006, city residents voted to end the city's speed camera program with a 76.2 percent majority.

Postsecondary
Steubenville is home to two institutions of higher education. The Franciscan University of Steubenville is a private, four-year university affiliated with the Roman Catholic Church founded in 1946. Eastern Gateway Community College is a public, two-year college that opened its doors in 1968; it operates an additional campus in Youngstown as well as online.

On July 24, 2012, after being threatened with a lawsuit from the atheist Freedom from Religion Foundation, the Steubenville city council decided to remove the image of Franciscan University from its town logo rather than pay for a lawsuit. The city later proposed a logo that included a chapel and cross.

Primary and secondary
Public schools in Steubenville are operated by the Steubenville City School District. There are a total of five schools in the district: Wells Academy, West Pugliese, Garfield, Harding Middle, and Steubenville High School. A portion of far western Steubenville is served by the Indian Creek Local School District. Several private schools are located in Steubenville. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Steubenville operates Bishop John King Mussio Central Elementary School, Bishop John King Mussio Central Junior High School and Steubenville Catholic Central High School.

Media
Steubenville shares a media market with nearby Wheeling, West Virginia. The city is home to the market's NBC and FOX affiliate, WTOV-TV. In print, it is home to the daily Herald-Star newspaper, which traces its history to 1806.

The radio station WIXZ 950 AM has broadcast Oldies music from the city since 1974. Previously, Steubenville also has radio stations WSSS-LP and WSTV (AM).

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Steubenville, Ohio


text:
Stratton, Ohio

Stratton is a village in northern Jefferson County, Ohio, United States, along the Ohio River. The population was 267 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Weirton–Steubenville metropolitan area.

History
Stratton gained international attention in 2002 when it lost before the United States Supreme Court in the matter of Watchtower Society v. Village of Stratton, a case in which a town ordinance's provisions making it a misdemeanor to engage in door-to-door advocacy without first registering with town officials and receiving a permit violates the First Amendment as it applies to religious proselytizing, anonymous political speech and the distribution of handbills.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.54 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 294 people, 145 households, and 76 families living in the village. The population density was 544.4 PD/sqmi. There were 151 housing units at an average density of 279.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 99.0% White and 1.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.4% of the population.

There were 145 households, of which 24.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.6% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 47.6% were non-families. 45.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.03 and the average family size was 2.87.

The median age in the village was 49.5 years. 20.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 17.6% were from 25 to 44; 30.6% were from 45 to 64; and 25.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 46.9% male and 53.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 277 people, 140 households, and 75 families living in the village. The population density was 521.0 PD/sqmi. There were 146 housing units at an average density of 274.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.83% White, 0.36% African American and 1.81% Asian. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.36% of the population.

There were 140 households, out of which 18.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.9% were married couples living together, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.4% were non-families. 44.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 22.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.98 and the average family size was 2.75.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 17.7% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 27.1% from 45 to 64, and 22.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 83.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.4 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $25,179, and the median income for a family was $36,875. Males had a median income of $32,813 versus $17,250 for females. The per capita income for the village was $16,967. About 5.9% of families and 7.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.7% of those under the age of eighteen and 2.6% of those 65 or over.

Economy
A major local employer is the W. H. Sammis Power Plant.

Education
Public education in the village of Stratton is provided by the Edison Local School District. Campuses serving the village include Stanton Elementary School (Preschool-Grade 8) and Edison High School (Grades 9-12).

title: Stratton, Ohio


text:
Tiltonsville, Ohio

Tiltonsville is a village in southern Jefferson County, Ohio, United States, along the Ohio River. The population was 1,259 at the 2020 census. It is a part of the Weirton–Steubenville metropolitan area.

History
Tiltonsville was laid out in 1806 by John Tilton, and named for him. He purchased this land and full Section No. 22 from the United States at a land auction in Pittsburgh on November 25, 1796. Tilton paid $3,623.76 for 900 acres of land – half at the time of purchase and the balance on November 18, 1797; his deed by patents dated November 20, 1797, and it is signed by President John Adams. A post office called Tiltonville was established in 1852, and the name was changed to Tiltonsville in 1875.

Tiltonsville is the location of the Hodgen's Cemetery Mound, a burial mound built by the prehistoric Adena culture.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.56 sqmi, of which 0.53 sqmi is land and 0.03 sqmi is water.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,372 people, 605 households, and 365 families living in the village. The population density was 2588.7 PD/sqmi. There were 685 housing units at an average density of 1292.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.6% White, 0.6% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.2% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.7% of the population.

There were 605 households, of which 22.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.8% were married couples living together, 12.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 39.7% were non-families. 32.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.82.

The median age in the village was 44.3 years. 18.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25% were from 25 to 44; 30% were from 45 to 64; and 19.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 46.2% male and 53.8% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,329 people, 609 households, and 386 families living in the village. The population density was 2,392.2 PD/sqmi. There were 685 housing units at an average density of 1,233.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.95% White, 0.23% from other races, and 0.83% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.30% of the population.

There were 609 households, out of which 23.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.9% were married couples living together, 11.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.5% were non-families. 33.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.18 and the average family size was 2.76.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 18.8% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 22.0% from 25 to 44, 26.4% from 45 to 64, and 25.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 46 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.6 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $28,929, and the median income for a family was $36,691. Males had a median income of $32,167 versus $20,972 for females. The per capita income for the village was $16,052. About 12.3% of families and 13.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.6% of those under age 18 and 11.2% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Public education in the village of Tiltonsville is provided by the Buckeye Local School District.

Tiltonsville has a public library, a branch of the Public Library of Steubenville and Jefferson County.

Popular culture
The Ohio Valley poet James Wright mentions Tiltonsville in his poem, "Autumn Begins in Martins Ferry, Ohio".

title: Tiltonsville, Ohio


text:
Toronto, Ohio

Toronto is a city in eastern Jefferson County, Ohio, located along the Ohio River 6 mi northeast of Steubenville. The population was 5,303 at the time of the 2020 census, making it the second-largest city in Jefferson County. It is part of the Weirton–Steubenville metropolitan area.

History
The area was first settled in the 19th century, when it was known as Newburg's Landing. When the railway was built, however, the area's name was changed to Sloanes Station. In 1881, after a vote, the town was incorporated under its present name inspired by Toronto, Canada, which civic leader Thomas M. Daniels felt was a place worth emulating. Along with its Canadian counterpart, it is one of only two incorporated cities in the world named Toronto.

In the 20th century, the town became a center of heavy industry with a number of large factories in and around the town. In the 1980s and 1990s the city, along with the rest of the region, declined sharply as manufacturing jobs left. Titanium Metals Corporation, the world's largest supplier of titanium metals, is the major employer in the city.

Geography
Toronto is located at 40.46222°N, -80.60444°W (40.462266, -80.604443), and is about 45 minutes from Pittsburgh. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.14 sqmi, of which 1.86 sqmi is land and 0.28 sqmi is water.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 5,091 people, 2,278 households, and 1,395 families living in the city. The population density was 2737.1 PD/sqmi. There were 2,516 housing units at an average density of 1352.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 97.1% White, 1.1% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.1% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.8% of the population.

There were 2,278 households, of which 26.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.5% were married couples living together, 14.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.8% were non-families. 34.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.84.

The median age in the city was 44 years. 20.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.1% were from 25 to 44; 30.5% were from 45 to 64; and 18.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.9% male and 53.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 5,676 people, 2,452 households, and 1,593 families living in the city. The population density was 3,014.6 PD/sqmi. There were 2,627 housing units at an average density of 1,395.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 97.60% White, 1.00% African American, 0.19% Native American, 0.21% Asian, 0.07% from other races, and 0.92% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.48% of the population.

There were 2,452 households, out of which 28.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.3% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.0% were non-families. 31.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.90.

In the city the age distribution of the population shows 22.8% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 24.9% from 45 to 64, and 17.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,905, and the median income for a family was $38,585. Males had a median income of $37,042 versus $19,405 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,761. About 11.1% of families and 13.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.2% of those under age 18 and 7.4% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Public education in the city is provided by the Toronto City School District. The current schools serving the Toronto include:
 * Karaffa Elementary School – grades PK-5
 * Toronto High School – grades 6–12

Toronto has a public library, a branch of the Public Library of Steubenville and Jefferson County.

Notable people

 * John Comer, football player for the Canton Bulldogs
 * Clarke Hinkle, football player for the Green Bay Packers; Pro Football Hall of Fame inductee
 * Gary A. Myers, member of the U.S. House of Representatives for Pennsylvania's 25th congressional district
 * Bill Peterson, head football coach for Florida State Seminoles, Rice Owls, and the Houston Oilers
 * Robert Urich, actor most known for the television shows Vega$ and Spenser: For Hire
 * Bob Vogel, football player for the Baltimore Colts

title: Toronto, Ohio


text:
Wintersville, Ohio

Wintersville is a village in central Jefferson County, Ohio, United States. The population was 3,609 as of the 2020 Census. It is part of the Weirton–Steubenville metropolitan area. The village is suburban in nature and is governed by a mayor and council elected by non-partisan ballot.

History
The first settlement at Wintersville was made in 1831. The village was named for its founder, John Winters. A post office was established at Wintersville in 1831, and remained in operation until 1901.

During Morgan's Raid, a Union victory in the Civil War in 1863, Confederate Brid. Gen. John Hunt Morgan traveled through the Moorefield, Harrisville, New Athens, Smithfield, New Alexandria, Wintersville, Two Ridge, Richmond, East Springfield, Bergholz, and Monroeville on his way to defeat at the Battle of Salineville.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 3.12 sqmi, all land.

In addition to a direct highway system, Wintersville is strategically located 30 miles from the Greater Pittsburgh International Airport, 20 miles from the Wheeling-Ohio County Airport, and abuts the Jefferson County Airport on its south corporate line. River and rail transportation are available along the Ohio River.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 3,924 people, 1,740 households, and 1,083 families living in the village. The population density was 1257.7 PD/sqmi. There were 1,840 housing units at an average density of 589.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 91.4% White, 6.4% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.8% Asian, 0.1% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.9% of the population.

There were 1,740 households, of which 23.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.1% were married couples living together, 10.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.8% were non-families. 34.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.79.

The median age in the village was 48.8 years. 17.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20% were from 25 to 44; 30.6% were from 45 to 64; and 24.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 46.8% male and 53.2% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,067 people, 1,743 households, and 1,188 families living in the village. The population density was 1,154.4 PD/sqmi. There were 1,802 housing units at an average density of 511.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 92.82% White, 6.02% African American, 0.02% Native American, 0.20% Asian, 0.02% from other races, and 0.91% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.57% of the population.

There were 1,743 households, out of which 23.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.9% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.8% were non-families. 29.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.78.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 18.4% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 25.4% from 25 to 44, 28.4% from 45 to 64, and 21.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females there were 93.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.5 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $35,330, and the median income for a family was $46,190. Males had a median income of $38,125 versus $20,969 for females. The per capita income for the village was $18,941. About 3.7% of families and 6.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.1% of those under age 18 and 3.6% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Public education in the village of Wintersville is provided by the Indian Creek Local School District. The district also serves the villages of Bloomingdale and Mingo Junction, the far western portion of Steubenville as well as unincorporated areas in central Jefferson County. Campuses serving the village include Wintersville Elementary School (Preschool-Grade 4), Hills Elementary School (Preschool-Grade 4), Indian Creek Junior High School (Grades 5–8), and Indian Creek High School (Grades 9–12).

title: Wintersville, Ohio


text:
Centerburg, Ohio

Centerburg is a village in Knox County, Ohio, United States, along the North Fork of the Licking River. As of the 2020 census, the village population was 1,690. Centerburg is located near the geographical center of Ohio.

History
Centerburg (formerly rendered Centreburgh) was laid out in 1830. The village was so named on account of its location near Ohio's geographical center. A post office has been in operation at Centerburg since 1835.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.90 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,773 people, 622 households, and 431 families living in the village. The population density was 1970.0 PD/sqmi. There were 679 housing units at an average density of 754.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 96.9% White, 1.2% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.1% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.2% of the population.

There were 622 households, of which 42.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.9% were married couples living together, 16.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 30.7% were non-families. 26.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.19.

The median age in the village was 36.2 years. 28.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26% were from 25 to 44; 22.6% were from 45 to 64; and 14.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 47.3% male and 52.7% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,432 people, 504 households, and 363 families living in the village. The population density was 2,228.5 PD/sqmi. There were 537 housing units at an average density of 835.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.91% White, 0.49% African American, 0.35% Native American, 0.28% Asian, 0.07% from other races, and 0.91% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.07% of the population.

There were 504 households, out of which 42.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.1% were married couples living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.8% were non-families. 25.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.16.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 29.3% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 30.4% from 25 to 44, 17.6% from 45 to 64, and 16.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 100.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $39,750, and the median income for a family was $46,250. Males had a median income of $34,097 versus $27,353 for females. The per capita income for the village was $16,764. About 3.6% of families and 5.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.7% of those under age 18 and 6.3% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Doug Davis - Minnesota Vikings lineman in the 1960s
 * Earl Griffith - newspaper publisher
 * Daniel H. Reynolds - Confederate Brigadier General

title: Centerburg, Ohio


text:
Danville, Ohio

Danville is a village in Knox County, Ohio, United States. The population was 1,019 at the 2020 census.

History
Modern Danville had its start in 1923 by the merging of two neighboring villages called Buckeye City and Rosstown (Rossville). The original Danville was laid out by George Sapp, Sr. and Robert Waddell in 1813 and was named for Daniel Sapp, a soldier in the War of 1812.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.56 sqmi, of which 0.55 sqmi is land and 0.01 sqmi is water.

Buckeye City is a neighborhood of Danville. Buckeye City was laid out in 1880, and was annexed by the village of Danville in 1923.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,044 people, 425 households, and 281 families living in the village. The population density was 1898.2 PD/sqmi. There were 474 housing units at an average density of 861.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.9% White, 0.6% African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.2% of the population.

There were 425 households, of which 36.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.5% were married couples living together, 16.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.9% were non-families. 28.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.98.

The median age in the village was 33.8 years. 28.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26% were from 25 to 44; 24.4% were from 45 to 64; and 12.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 49.2% male and 50.8% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,104 people, 442 households, and 292 families living in the village. The population density was 2,055.1 PD/sqmi. There were 479 housing units at an average density of 891.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.10% White, 0.09% African American, 0.09% Native American, 0.18% Asian, and 1.54% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.36% of the population.

There were 442 households, out of which 32.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 12.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.9% were non-families. 28.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 28.1% under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 19.9% from 45 to 64, and 15.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 101.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.9 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $28,636, and the median income for a family was $31,375. Males had a median income of $30,208 versus $22,500 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,595. About 15.0% of families and 15.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.1% of those under age 18 and 13.5% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Danville Local School District operates Danville High School in the village.

Danville has a public library, a branch of The Public Library of Mount Vernon & Knox County.

Notable people

 * Robert M. Nevin, attorney, member of the United States House of Representatives from 1901 to 1905
 * William E. Stanley, 15th Governor of Kansas

title: Danville, Ohio


text:
Fredericktown, Ohio

Fredericktown is a village in Knox County, Ohio, United States. The population was 2,648 at the 2020 census.

History
Fredericktown was platted in 1807, and named after Frederick, Maryland, the native home of a first settler.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 2.07 sqmi, of which 1.97 sqmi is land and 0.10 sqmi is water.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 2,493 people, 1,050 households, and 691 families living in the village. The population density was 1265.5 PD/sqmi. There were 1,133 housing units at an average density of 575.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.0% White, 0.4% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.3% from other races, and 1.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.9% of the population.

There were 1,050 households, of which 33.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.0% were married couples living together, 12.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 34.2% were non-families. 29.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.91.

The median age in the village was 37.6 years. 25.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.9% were from 25 to 44; 24.6% were from 45 to 64; and 15.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 48.7% male and 51.3% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,428 people, 1,021 households, and 681 families living in the village. The population density was 1,719.3 PD/sqmi. There were 1,103 housing units at an average density of 781.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.64% White, 0.29% African American, 0.08% Native American, 0.08% Asian, 0.12% from other races, and 0.78% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.41% of the population.

There were 1,021 households, out of which 32.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.3% were married couples living together, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.3% were non-families. 30.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.94.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 25.7% under the age of 18, 9.6% from 18 to 24, 28.8% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 94.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.6 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $36,354, and the median income for a family was $45,345. Males had a median income of $34,028 versus $21,858 for females. The per capita income for the village was $19,138. About 5.7% of families and 7.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.2% of those under age 18 and 9.2% of those age 65 or over.

Transportation
Fredericktown is at the junction of State Routes 13 and 95, which travel north–south and east–west respectively.

Education
Fredericktown Local Schools operates one elementary school, one middle school, and Fredericktown High School.

Fredericktown has a public library, a branch of The Public Library of Mount Vernon & Knox County.

Notable people

 * Webb C. Ball, jeweler, watchmaker, founder of BALL Watch Company
 * Ollie Cline, college and professional football fullback
 * Clarence Dill, served two terms in each house of Congress
 * Georgia O'Ramey, Broadway actress and vaudevillian
 * Luke Perry, actor

title: Fredericktown, Ohio


text:
Gambier, Ohio

Gambier is a village in Knox County, Ohio, United States. The population was 2,213 at the 2020 census.

Gambier is the home of Kenyon College.

History

Gambier was laid out in 1824. The village was named after one of Kenyon College's early benefactors, Lord Gambier.

In the 1960s, Japanese writer Junzo Shono spent several years in Gambier, culminating in the writing of the book A Sojourn in Gambier, which would prove to be quite popular in Japan.

In May 2020, the Village of Gambier became the first municipality in Knox County to establish anti-discrimination legislation for LGBTQ+ people.

Geography
Gambier is located along the Kokosing River.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.94 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
At the 2010 census there were 2,391 people, 343 households, and 126 families living in the village. The population density was 2543.6 PD/sqmi. There were 375 housing units at an average density of 398.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 90.5% White, 2.8% African American, 0.2% Native American, 2.0% Asian, 0.8% from other races, and 3.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.8%.

Of the 343 households 15.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 30.6% were married couples living together, 4.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 1.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 63.3% were non-families. 33.5% of households were one person and 11.4% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.76.

The median age in the village was 21.2 years. 4% of residents were under the age of 18; 79.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 5.1% were from 25 to 44; 6.7% were from 45 to 64; and 4.5% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the village was 47.3% male and 52.7% female.

2000 census
At the 2000 census there were 1,871 people, 278 households, and 142 families living in the village. The population density was 1,998.5 PD/sqmi. There were 305 housing units at an average density of 325.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 94.07% White, 2.51% African American, 1.28% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.43% from other races, and 1.66% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.66%.

Of the 278 households 22.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.9% were married couples living together, 6.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 48.9% were non-families. 39.9% of households were one person and 12.2% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.03 and the average family size was 2.77.

The age distribution was 5.8% under the age of 18, 73.1% from 18 to 24, 7.3% from 25 to 44, 9.0% from 45 to 64, and 4.9% 65 or older. The median age was 21 years. For every 100 females there were 82.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.6 males.

The median household income was $51,964 and the median family income was $71,477. Males had a median income of $40,500 versus $29,327 for females. The per capita income for the village was $9,661. About 2.5% of families and 8.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.2% of those under age 18 and 2.6% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Mount Vernon City Schools operates Wiggin Street Elementary in the village.

Kenyon College, an Episcopal institution, has been in operation in Gambier since 1824.

Gambier has a public library, a branch of The Public Library of Mount Vernon & Knox County.

Notable people

 * Margaret L. Bodine, photographer
 * Philander Chase, founder of Kenyon College, Bishop of Ohio and Illinois
 * Sean M. Decatur, chemist and former president of Kenyon College
 * John Green, author of The Fault in our Stars, YouTuber
 * Rutherford B. Hayes, 19th President of the United States of America
 * Allison Janney, actress
 * P. F. Kluge, author of Biggest Elvis: A Novel
 * Robie Macauley, newspaperman and author
 * Paul Newman, actor
 * Olof Palme, Prime Minister of Sweden
 * Herbert T. Perrin, U.S. Army officer
 * Joan Slonczewski, biologist

title: Gambier, Ohio


text:
Brinkhaven, Ohio

Brinkhaven, once known as Mount Holly and Gann, is a village in Knox County, Ohio, United States. The population was 114 at the 2020 census.

Geography
Brinkhaven is located along the Mohican River.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.20 sqmi, of which 0.19 sqmi is land and 0.01 sqmi is water. The Bridge of Dreams is located on the Mohican River in Brinkhaven.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 125 people, 54 households, and 40 families living in the village. The population density was 657.9 PD/sqmi. There were 65 housing units at an average density of 342.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 100.0% White. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.4% of the population.

There were 54 households, of which 33.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.6% were married couples living together, 18.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 13.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 25.9% were non-families. 22.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.58.

The median age in the village was 42.2 years. 24.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 28% were from 25 to 44; 30.4% were from 45 to 64; and 12.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 51.2% male and 48.8% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 143 people, 51 households, and 36 families living in the village. The population density was 749.6 PD/sqmi. There were 55 housing units at an average density of 288.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 100.00% White. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.70% of the population.

There were 51 households, out of which 41.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.8% were married couples living together, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.4% were non-families. 27.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.80 and the average family size was 3.42.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 30.8% under the age of 18, 11.9% from 18 to 24, 28.7% from 25 to 44, 16.1% from 45 to 64, and 12.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 110.6 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $37,500, and the median income for a family was $37,857. Males had a median income of $30,938 versus $11,750 for females. The per capita income for the village was $10,717. There were 5.6% of families and 17.7% of the population living below the poverty line, including 25.6% of under eighteens and none of those over 64.

title: Brinkhaven, Ohio


text:
Martinsburg, Ohio

Martinsburg is a village in Knox County, Ohio, United States. The population was 222 at the 2020 census.

History
Martinsburg was founded in 1828 when the nearby rival towns of Hanover and Williamsburg merged.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.18 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 237 people, 97 households, and 62 families living in the village. The population density was 1316.7 PD/sqmi. There were 110 housing units at an average density of 611.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 93.7% White, 1.7% African American, 1.3% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.4% from other races, and 2.5% from two or more races.

There were 97 households, of which 37.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.4% were married couples living together, 12.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.1% were non-families. 33.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.10.

The median age in the village was 37.6 years. 27.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.8% were from 25 to 44; 24.5% were from 45 to 64; and 15.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 51.9% male and 48.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 185 people, 76 households, and 56 families living in the village. The population density was 1,026.2 PD/sqmi. There were 81 housing units at an average density of 449.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 100.00% White.

There were 76 households, out of which 30.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.6% were married couples living together, 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.3% were non-families. 23.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.86.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 25.9% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 24.3% from 25 to 44, 24.3% from 45 to 64, and 16.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 88.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.7 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $35,625, and the median income for a family was $34,750. Males had a median income of $30,833 versus $20,250 for females. The per capita income for the village was $13,375. About 21.6% of families and 14.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.3% of those under the age of eighteen and 28.6% of those 65 or over.

title: Martinsburg, Ohio


text:
Mount Vernon, Ohio

Mount Vernon is a city in and the county seat of Knox County, Ohio, United States, along the Kokosing River. It is located 40 mi northeast of Columbus. The population was 16,956 at the 2020 census.

History
The community was platted in 1805, and named after Mount Vernon, the estate owned by George Washington.

In May 1953, the telephone exchange for the entire city was destroyed by fire, disrupting calls for months.

In January 1959, a severe flood caused 500 homes to be evacuated and caused $5 million in damage.

Historic sites
The Woodward Opera House, the oldest opera theater of its kind in the United States, is located downtown. The theater, after many years of renovation and restoration, has been transformed into a local cultural and performing-arts center.

The Knox County Historical Society, with a building and extensive exhibits, makes its headquarters on Harcourt Road in Mount Vernon. Exhibits feature information about Daniel Decatur Emmett, Paul Lynde, The Cooper Company and other subjects.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 9.60 sqmi, of which 9.41 sqmi is land and 0.19 sqmi is water. The city lies in the Glaciated Allegheny Plateau and is surrounded by rolling hills and valleys.

The Kokosing River and U.S. Route 36 pass through the city.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 16,990 people, 7,110 households, and 4,016 families living in the city. The population density was 1805.5 PD/sqmi. There were 7,836 housing units at an average density of 832.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 95.3% White, 1.1% African American, 0.2% Native American, 1.1% Asian, 0.7% from other races, and 1.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.8% of the population.

There were 7,110 households, of which 28.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.4% were married couples living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.5% were non-families. 38.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.88.

The median age in the city was 37.2 years. 21.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 13.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.2% were from 25 to 44; 24% were from 45 to 64; and 17.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.5% male and 53.5% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 15,256 people, 6,187 households, and 3,730 families living in the city. The population density was 1,710.4 PD/sqmi. There were 6,713 housing units at an average density of 798.7 /sqmi. The "racial" makeup of the city was 96.66% White, 1.15% African American, 0.31% Native American, 0.54% Asian, 0.29% from other races, and 1.04% from two or more "races". Hispanic or Latino of any "race" were 0.87% of the population.

There were 6,187 households, out of which 28.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.8% were married couples living together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.7% were non-families. 34.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the city the population was spread out, with 23.7% under the age of 18, 10.1% from 18 to 24, 27.2% from 25 to 44, 20.7% from 45 to 64, and 18.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $29,801, and the median income for a family was $38,217. Males had a median income of $31,900 versus $21,969 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,471. About 12.7% of families and 15.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.7% of those under age 18 and 9.2% of those age 65 or over.

Economy
Mount Vernon was the birthplace of Cooper Industries. There is a large industrial complex in the western part of the city that manufactures and repairs products for the gas and oil power generation industries. It was acquired by Rolls-Royce North America, and in 2014 Siemens bought the Mount Vernon plant. Facing a declining market, Siemens announced major reductions in employment in October 2016 and in 2018 announced their Mount Vernon facility would close by 2019.

Ariel Corporation, a major manufacturer of reciprocating natural gas (and other gasses) compressors, is also located in Mount Vernon. Its history is tied to that of Cooper Industries in that Jim Buchwald, one of the founders of Ariel, was a former engineer for Cooper Industries Mount Vernon.

Two universities in Mount Vernon and nearby Gambier, Ohio provide hundreds of jobs to the local residents. Mount Vernon is home to Mount Vernon Nazarene University and Gambier is home to Kenyon College.

Colleges and universities

 * Kenyon College (located in nearby Gambier)
 * Mount Vernon Nazarene University
 * Central Ohio Technical College

High schools

 * Mount Vernon High School (Ohio)
 * Knox County Career Center

Notable people

 * Johnny Appleseed (John Chapman), pioneer and folkloric figure
 * Eldad Cicero Camp, coal tycoon
 * Fred Dailey, State of Ohio Agriculture Director and US Congressional candidate
 * Hiram and Barney Davis, two dwarf brothers and side-show performers
 * Columbus Delano, Whig and Republican politician and lawyer
 * Daniel Decatur Emmett, composer of "Dixie", Early Blackface performer
 * Lansford Hastings, California pioneer
 * Rob Kelly, NFL football player
 * Paul Lynde, comedian and actor
 * Chris McLernon, musician and actor
 * George W. Morgan, general and U.S. Congressman
 * Juan Manuel García Passalacqua, Puerto Rican politician and television personality
 * Ellamae Simmons, first African American woman to specialize in asthma, allergy, and immunology in the United States.
 * Ralph W. Sockman, clergyman, author, and radio speaker
 * Joan Steinbrenner, wife of New York Yankees owner, George Steinbrenner
 * Jim Stillwagon, American football player
 * Jesse B. Thomas, first senator of Illinois and proposer of the Missouri Compromise
 * Jason Wolfe, racing driver

title: Mount Vernon, Ohio


text:
Eastlake, Ohio

Eastlake is a city in Lake County, Ohio, United States. It takes its name from its location northeast of Cleveland, following along the shore of Lake Erie. The population was 17,670 at the 2020 census. The 2003 North America blackout stemmed from an Eastlake generating station going offline.

History
The single largest blackout in North American history on August 14, 2003, was traced back to a FirstEnergy generating plant in Eastlake that went offline at 1:31 P.M. EDT amid high electrical demand. It caused 50 million people to lose power in eight U.S. states and southeastern Canada.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 6.53 sqmi, of which 6.40 sqmi is land and 0.13 sqmi is water.

Eastlake is about 19 miles northeast of Cleveland, Ohio, along the shore of Lake Erie, and is part of Greater Cleveland.

Demographics
94.3% spoke English and 2.9% spoke Croatian.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 18,577 people, 7,841 households, and 5,056 families residing in the city. The population density was 2902.7 PD/sqmi. There were 8,280 housing units at an average density of 1293.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 95.9% White, 1.4% African American, 0.1% Native American, 1.0% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 1.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.4% of the population.

There were 7,841 households, of which 28.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.4% were married couples living together, 12.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 35.5% were non-families. 29.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.93.

The median age in the city was 42.7 years. 20.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.4% were from 25 to 44; 31.3% were from 45 to 64; and 15.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.3% male and 50.7% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 20,255 people, 8,055 households, and 5,557 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,166.5 PD/sqmi. There were 8,310 housing units at an average density of 1,299.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 97.44% White, 0.54% African American, 0.16% Native American, 0.97% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.15% from other races, and 0.73% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.70% of the population. 17.1% were of German, 16.4% Italian, 15.1% Irish, 7.5% Polish, 6.1% Slovene and 5.7% English ancestry according to Census 2000.

There were 8,055 households, out of which 30.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.3% were married couples living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.0% were non-families. 26.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 3.07.

In the city the population was spread out, with 23.8% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 30.3% from 25 to 44, 25.7% from 45 to 64, and 12.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $43,297, and the median income for a family was $52,039. Males had a median income of $37,557 versus $27,135 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,905. About 3.7% of families and 5.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.4% of those under age 18 and 6.2% of those age 65 or over.

Culture
The Boulevard of 500 Flags, purported to be "the world's largest permanent display of American flags", is located in Eastlake.

Eastlake is served by a branch of the Willoughby-Eastlake Public Library.

Sports
Eastlake is home to Classic Park, the home field of the Lake County Captains, a Class A minor league baseball team affiliated with the Cleveland Guardians. Classic Park's construction included controversy involving finances.

Education
Eastlake is part of the Willoughby-Eastlake City School District, which includes North and South high schools, three middle schools, and five elementary schools.

Notable people

 * Gary Heidnik, murderer and serial rapist

title: Eastlake, Ohio


text:
Fairport Harbor, Ohio

Fairport Harbor is a village in Lake County, Ohio, United States, along Lake Erie at the mouth of the Grand River. The population was 3,108 at the 2020 census. A far-eastern suburb of Cleveland, it is part of the Cleveland metropolitan area.

Fairport Harbor is home to two lighthouses: the Fairport Harbor West Breakwater Light in Painesville Township, operated by the United States Coast Guard and the Grand River (Fairport Harbor) Light operated by the Fairport Harbor Historical Society. It is also the home of the Finnish Heritage Museum.

History
Fairport Harbor's location at the mouth of the Grand River made it an ideal place for a settlement. After being claimed as part of the Connecticut Western Reserve by the Connecticut Land Company in 1796–1797, the town of Grandon was platted there on May 16, 1812. When the town incorporated in 1836, the name was changed to "Fairport." Fairport is a commendatory name. The current name was adopted in 1959.

After receiving federal sponsorship, the village's port flourished, and an influx of Finns, Hungarians, and Slovaks arrived there. The port also imported iron ore for use at area steel mills. The port continues operation at a more limited capacity.

Later in the village's history, the Diamond Alkali Company operated from 1912 to 1976.

In recent years Fairport Harbor has hosted the Lake County Perch Fest and opened the Finnish Heritage Museum.

On January 24, 2011, an overpressurized Dominion East Ohio natural gas pipeline caused devices in at least 17 dwellings to explode, causing the structures to burn and leading to a mass evacuation. The excess pressure has been attributed to ice present in a sensor line causing a false reading in a pressure regulator. The backup regulator for the pipeline also failed. While no injuries were reported in the community, the cost of damage was placed at approximately $1.2 million.

Geography
Fairport Harbor is located within Painesville Township.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.11 sqmi, of which 1.03 sqmi are land and 0.08 sqmi are water.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 3,109 people, 1,427 households, and 764 families living in the village. The population density was 3018.4 PD/sqmi. There were 1,677 housing units at an average density of 1628.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 94.7% White, 2.1% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.6% from other races, and 2.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.2% of the population.

There were 1,427 households, of which 25.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.8% were married couples living together, 13.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 46.5% were non-families. 38.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.17 and the average family size was 2.90.

The median age in the village was 41 years. 20.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.7% were from 25 to 44; 29.8% were from 45 to 64; and 14.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 48.6% male and 51.4% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,180 people, 1,404 households, and 839 families living in the village. The population density was 3,052.2 PD/sqmi. There were 1,546 housing units at an average density of 1,483.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.96% White, 0.57% African American, 0.09% Native American, 0.16% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.13% from other races, and 1.07% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.38% of the population. 15.9% were of German, 12.3% Finnish, 11.5% Hungarian, 11.2% Irish, 9.3% Italian and 5.2% English ancestry according to Census 2000. 95.5% spoke English, 2.4% Finnish and 2.1% Hungarian as their first language.

There were 1,404 households, out of which 26.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.6% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.2% were non-families. 34.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.90.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 23.0% under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 31.4% from 25 to 44, 22.1% from 45 to 64, and 14.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 98.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $35,205, and the median income for a family was $45,142. Males had a median income of $31,971 versus $24,657 for females. The per capita income for the village was $20,722. About 5.9% of families and 7.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.8% of those under age 18 and 6.6% of those age 65 or over.

title: Fairport Harbor, Ohio


text:
Grand River, Ohio

Grand River is a village in Lake County, Ohio, United States, along the Grand River. The population was 394 at the 2020 census.

History
A post office called Grand River has been in operation since 1890. The village was named after the nearby Grand River.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.63 sqmi, of which 0.54 sqmi are land and 0.09 sqmi are water.

Headlands Beach State Park lies adjacent to the village.

2010 census
At the 2010 census there were 399 people, 159 households, and 105 families in the village. The population density was 738.9 PD/sqmi. There were 176 housing units at an average density of 325.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 96.7% White, 1.5% African American, 1.3% from other races, and 0.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.5%.

Of the 159 households 29.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.9% were married couples living together, 11.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 34.0% were non-families. 24.5% of households were one person and 6.9% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 3.02.

The median age in the village was 43.8 years. 21.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.6% were from 25 to 44; 33.9% were from 45 to 64; and 13.8% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the village was 51.6% male and 48.4% female.

2000 census
At the 2000 census there were 345 people, 122 households, and 96 families in the village. The population density was 627.1 PD/sqmi. There were 125 housing units at an average density of 227.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 99.42% White and 0.58% Asian. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.29%. 26.1% were of German, 13.7% English, 12.4% American, 8.5% Irish, 8.2% Italian, 6.5% Hungarian and 6.5% Polish ancestry according to Census 2000.

Of the 122 households 33.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.0% were married couples living together, 2.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.3% were non-families. 18.9% of households were one person and 7.4% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.83 and the average family size was 3.24.

The age distribution was 24.6% under the age of 18, 10.1% from 18 to 24, 30.7% from 25 to 44, 21.4% from 45 to 64, and 13.0% 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 106.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.1 males.

The median household income was $45,000 and the median family income was $50,469. Males had a median income of $39,063 versus $28,000 for females. The per capita income for the village was $17,217. About 4.1% of families and 5.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.5% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

Government
Grand River village has an elected mayor-council form of government.

Public education in the village is provided by the Riverside Local School District.

Notable people

 * Don Shula, former professional football coach for the National Football League

title: Grand River, Ohio


text:
Kirtland, Ohio

Kirtland is a city in Lake County, Ohio, United States. The population was 6,937 at the 2020 census. Kirtland is known for being the early headquarters of the Latter Day Saint movement from 1831 to 1837 and the site of the movement's first temple, the Kirtland Temple, completed in 1836. The Kirtland Temple and nearby Historic Kirtland Village are maintained as historic sites highlighting that era. The city is also the location for multiple parks in the Lake Metroparks system, as well as the Holden Arboretum.

History
After the founding of the United States, northern Ohio was designated as the Western Reserve and was sold to the Connecticut Land Company. The area was first surveyed by Moses Cleaveland and his party in 1796.

Kirtland is named for Turhand Kirtland, a principal of the Connecticut Land Company and judge in Trumbull County, the first political entity in Ohio that included Kirtland township. Kirtland, a veteran of the American Revolutionary War, demonstrated "both breadth of vision and integrity" in his fair dealings with the local Native Americans. He was known for his bravery, resourcefulness, and passion for justice. Dr. Jared Potter Kirtland was the son of the former; he helped to found a medical college in nearby Willoughby, Ohio, and he compiled the first ornithology of Ohio. The bird Kirtland's warbler is named for Jared Kirtland. This rare species has been documented in the city during migration, but it does not nest in Ohio.

The densely forested, clay soiled, high, hilly, land of Kirtland was settled later than surrounding townships: Mentor in 1798, and Chester in 1802. Kirtland's first European settlers were the John Moore family, soon followed by the Crary family who came to Kirtland in 1811. In 1893 Christopher Crary wrote a memoir of his Kirtland life, which provided a great deal of material for Anne B. Prusha's 1982 history of Kirtland.

Headquarters of the Latter Day Saint movement
From 1831 to 1832 and again from 1833 to 1838, Kirtland was the headquarters for the Latter Day Saint movement. Joseph Smith moved the church to Kirtland in 1831, shortly after its formal organization in April 1830 in Fayette, New York. In Kirtland, Latter Day Saints built their first temple, the Kirtland Temple. The temple was built with a degree of opulence, considering the underdeveloped nature of the area and the poverty of most early church members. Many attending the Kirtland Temple dedication in 1836 claimed to see multiple heavenly visions and appearances of heavenly beings, including deity. For this and other reasons, Kirtland remains a place of importance to those of all Latter Day Saint denominations. Many sections from the Doctrine and Covenants, considered modern revelations and canonical by most denominations within the Latter Day Saint movement, originated in Kirtland during the 1830s.

Ownership of the Kirtland Temple came into question after the main body of Latter Day Saints moved west. The Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (now Community of Christ) sought to have the matter settled in civil court; but ultimately obtained ownership of the property through adverse possession. Besides giving tours, Community of Christ allowed others to use the temple for special meetings. On March 5, 2024 The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and Community of Christ announced that ownership of the site had transferred to the former as part of a $192.5 million acquisition of historic sites and objects.

1838 to present
After the majority of the Latter Day Saints departed Kirtland in 1837–38, and during the latter part of the 19th century, Kirtland's population diminished and life was typical of that of the region. Crary recalls the last rattlesnakes being killed on Gildersleeve Mountain in the 1830s. During this period most of the wooded areas near Kirtland were cleared for agriculture, with corn and apples being the predominant crops.

In the early 20th century, Kirtland School (now Kirtland Elementary) was built to consolidate three school houses. One of the old school houses can still be found at the corner of Baldwin and Booth Roads in Kirtland Hills. Kirtland saw few changes until after World War II when several residential subdivisions were built. In 1957 a high school was built and in 1961, Gildersleeve Elementary was built along Chardon Road (US 6). In 1968 a middle school was completed for grades 6–8.

The 1960s saw an influx and expansion of local businesses. A shopping center was built, which combined the hardware, drug store, grocery, barber shop, plus the local doctor and dentist in one building. By 1965, Interstate 90 was open, allowing a quicker trip into Cleveland. In 1968 the citizens of Kirtland voted in a special election to incorporate the township. James Naughton was the first mayor of the village, which became a city when the 1970 census showed population exceeded 5,000. Naughton was succeeded as mayor by Doug Guy, Wesley Phillips, Mario Marcopoli, Edward Podajol, and Mark Tyler. Kirtland continued to grow in population slowly through the 1970s and 1980s.

In April 1989, Jeffrey Lundgren, a religious extremist, coerced some in his cult into murdering a family of five and hiding their bodies in a pit dug inside a barn, on Chardon Road (U.S. 6). Those of Lundgren's cult who participated in the murders were sentenced to life in prison; Lundgren was executed on October 24, 2006. The site of the murders was converted from a privately owned home into a church beginning in 2007. New Promise Church opened in April 2009.

The LDS Church purchased the N.K. Whitney Store in 1979 and restored it in 1984, operating it as a historic site open to tours. The Whitney home, across the street, was acquired soon after and was used for many years as a visitor center. By the late 1990s, Kirtland was becoming an increasingly popular tourist destination, so the creation of Historic Kirtland Village was announced in April 2000, located in the Kirtland flats along the East Branch of the Chagrin River, to provide insight into what life was like during the 1830s when Kirtland was the home of Joseph Smith, Brigham Young, and other founders of Mormonism. As part of the project, to create a pedestrian-friendly area, Kirtland-Chardon Road was rerouted along the eastern side of the site, while Ohio State Route 615 was rerouted around the northern side, eliminating what had been a busy intersection right in front of the Whitney home and store. The Whitney home was restored to its 1830s appearance, while historically accurate replicas of the original John Johnson Inn, schoolhouse, sawmill, and ashery were researched and constructed on or near their original sites, along with a new visitor center. The project was completed and dedicated in 2003. In 2023, the church completed and dedicated the restored Joseph and Emma Smith home on Chillicothe Road, just north of the Kirtland Temple. From 2004 through 2016, a group of volunteers produced an annual musical theater production celebrating the city's Latter Day Saint history called "This Is Kirtland!", which was held at the nearby LDS meetinghouse.

In 2003, Schupp's farm and orchard, on Hobart Road, became inactive leaving Rock's farm on Chillicothe Road, the only active for-profit farm in the city. As of 2006, there are still active cattle and horse farming in the city and some commercial nursery activity. Sugaring still occurs, with at least two active sugar bushes other than the large scale Bicknell Sugar Bush at the Holden Arboretum.

Kirtland has been visited by two sitting Presidents of the United States, including George W. Bush.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 16.80 sqmi, of which, 16.67 sqmi is land and 0.13 sqmi is water.

Kirtland is located south of the lake shore plain of Lake Erie and is situated on the higher elevations of the Allegheny Plateau. The principal geographic features are the East Branch of the Chagrin River, Pierson's Knob, and Gildersleeve Mountain, 1163 ft Daniel's Mountain,1246 ft is the high point.

Native vegetation is northern hardwood forest. Hemlock-hardwood forest is found in the higher elevations and along ravines, beech-maple forest is predominant in other areas. A few stands of old growth oak-hickory forest can also be found in the city.

Kirtland is located in the snowbelt region of Lake Erie, and has snowfall and weather patterns similar to nearby Chardon. In this area, annual snowfall averages over 100 in per year, and anecdotal evidence indicates seasonal snowfall can exceed 250 in in some microclimate areas.

Kirtland is primarily a residential community. Over 20 percent of the land area is forest preserve or park land. The Holden Arboretum at 3500 acre is the largest of these, but not all of Holden's land is located in Kirtland. Three metropolitan parks are also in Kirtland. The largest is Chapin State Forest, at 390 acre, which includes much of Gildersleeve mountain. Also in Kirtland are Penitentiary Glen, and the Lake Farm Park. Lakeland Community College is located largely in the City of Kirtland, the campus dominating the northern part of the city.

Demographics
In 2018 languages spoken in the city were: 92.5% English, 2.2% Croatian, 1.5% Italian, and 1.5% Slovene.

2010 census
As of the 2010 Census, there were 6,866 people, 2,544 households, and 1,948 families residing in the city. The population density was 411.9 PD/sqmi. There were 2,716 housing units at an average density of 162.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 97.7% White, 0.4% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.1% of the population.

There were 2,544 households, of which 31.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.3% were married couples living together, 7.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 23.4% were non-families. 20.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.05.

The median age in the city was 46.9 years. 23% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 17.8% were from 25 to 44; 34.3% were from 45 to 64; and 19.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.3% male and 50.7% female.

Of the city's population over the age of 25, 39.4% hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

Notable people

 * Alma M. Aldrich, member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, born in Kirtland in 1837
 * Elizabeth Watson Russell Lord, educator and philanthropist, born and raised in Kirtland from 1819 to 1847
 * Jeffrey Lundgren, religious extremist and convicted mass-murderer, lived in Kirtland from 1987 to 1989
 * Emma Smith, wife of Latter Day Saint movement founder Joseph Smith, lived in Kirtland from 1831 to 1832 and 1833 to 1838
 * Joseph Smith, founder and leader of the Latter Day Saint movement, lived in Kirtland from 1831 to 1832 and from 1833 to 1838
 * Newel K. Whitney, early leader of the Latter Day Saint movement lived in Kirtland from 1819 to 1838
 * Brigham Young, second president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, lived in Kirtland from 1833 to 1837

title: Kirtland, Ohio


text:
Kirtland Hills, Ohio

Kirtland Hills is a village in Lake County, Ohio, United States and a rural suburb of Cleveland. The population was 692 at the 2020 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 5.65 sqmi, of which 5.57 sqmi is land and 0.08 sqmi is water.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 646 people, 245 households, and 200 families living in the village. The population density was 116.0 PD/sqmi. There were 272 housing units at an average density of 48.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 96.7% White, 1.7% Asian, and 1.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.8% of the population.

There were 245 households, of which 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.4% were married couples living together, 4.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 18.4% were non-families. 14.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 2.93.

The median age in the village was 48 years. 22.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 15.4% were from 25 to 44; 37.7% were from 45 to 64; and 19.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 48.6% male and 51.4% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 597 people, 223 households, and 179 families living in the village. The population density was 106.9 PD/sqmi. There were 242 housing units at an average density of 43.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.16% White, 0.34% African American, 0.17% Asian, and 1.34% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.50% of the population. 17.7% were of Italian, 16.8% German, 12.5% Irish, 8.4% English, 5.4% American, 5.4% Slovene and 5.0% Hungarian ancestry according to Census 2000.

There were 223 households, out of which 29.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 74.0% were married couples living together, 4.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.3% were non-families. 14.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.0% under the age of 18, 3.9% from 18 to 24, 22.6% from 25 to 44, 36.5% from 45 to 64, and 13.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females there were 92.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.1 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $112,421, and the median income for a family was $144,134. Males had a median income of $87,424 versus $37,083 for females. The per capita income for the village was $78,896. About 2.1% of families and 3.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under age 18 and 4.3% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Kirtland Hills is split between Mentor Public Schools (Northern portions of Village) and Kirtland Local Schools (Southern portions of Village.)

Most students in Mentor Schools are zoned to Hopkins Elementary School while a portion is in the boundary of Brentmoor Elementary School. Most students in the section are zoned to Memorial Middle School. All students in the Mentor school district are zoned to Mentor High School.

Nearby private schools include Andrews Osborne Academy.

Parks and conservation
Kirtland Hills is home to a number of parks and conservation spaces:
 * Holden Arboretum
 * Children’s Schoolhouse Nature Park
 * Little Mountain, elevation 1,266 feet

title: Kirtland Hills, Ohio