text:
West Point, California

West Point (formerly, Indian Gulch and Westpoint) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Calaveras County, California, in the United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, West Point's population was 674, down from 746 as of the 2000 census. The town is registered as California Historical Landmark #268. There is an annual West Point Lumberjack Days festival in the community.

History
West Point was originally the name of a camp established here by scout Kit Carson, who was searching for a pass over the Sierra Nevada. The town was originally named Indian Gulch when founded in 1852; the name was changed to West Point in 1854. The first post office was opened in 1856, the name changed to Westpoint in 1895 and changed back to West Point in 1947.

One emigrant road forked by Big Meadow — its north branch came directly to West Point, which was a thriving trading post prior to the gold discovery. Author Bret Harte lived there for a time.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 3.7 sqmi, all land.

Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, West Point has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csa" on climate maps.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that West Point had a population of 674. The population density was 181.2 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of West Point was 563 (83.5%) White, 0 (0.0%) African American, 43 (6.4%) Native American, 2 (0.3%) Asian, 7 (1.0%) Pacific Islander, 29 (4.3%) from other races, and 30 (4.5%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 67 persons (9.9%).

The Census reported that 673 people (99.9% of the population) lived in households, 1 (0.1%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 308 households, out of which 70 (22.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 125 (40.6%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 39 (12.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 18 (5.8%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 18 (5.8%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 0 (0%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 109 households (35.4%) were made up of individuals, and 48 (15.6%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19. There were 182 families (59.1% of all households); the average family size was 2.81.

The population was spread out, with 133 people (19.7%) under the age of 18, 36 people (5.3%) aged 18 to 24, 119 people (17.7%) aged 25 to 44, 223 people (33.1%) aged 45 to 64, and 163 people (24.2%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.9 males.

There were 378 housing units at an average density of 101.6 /sqmi, of which 308 were occupied, of which 213 (69.2%) were owner-occupied, and 95 (30.8%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.3%; the rental vacancy rate was 6.9%. 434 people (64.4% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 239 people (35.5%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 746 people, 305 households, and 203 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 199.4 PD/sqmi. There were 345 housing units at an average density of 92.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 82.04% White, 1.21% Black or African American, 8.18% Native American, 0.67% Asian, 2.82% from other races, and 5.09% from two or more races. 8.04% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 305 households, out of which 25.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.6% were married couples living together, 14.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.4% were non-families. 26.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.86.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 24.4% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 20.0% from 25 to 44, 30.0% from 45 to 64, and 19.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.7 males. For every 100 over, there are 85.5 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $25,417, and the median income for a family was $27,794. Males had a median income of $24,028 versus $22,500 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $11,439. About 28.2% of families and 33.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 45.3% of those under age 18 and 15.7% of those age 65 or over.

Politics
In the state legislature, West Point is in, and. Federally, West Point is in.

title: West Point, California


text:
Arbuckle, California

Arbuckle is a census-designated place (CDP) in Colusa County, California, United States. The population was 3,028 at the 2010 census, up from 2,332 at the 2000 census. Arbuckle is situated in the southerly portion of Colusa County, approximately 20 mi southwest of the City of Colusa, the county seat. The town is characterized by single-family residences, multiple-family units, some mobile homes, and commercial activities. Land surrounding Arbuckle is agriculture including cultivated annual crops, and both active and unmaintained orchards (primarily almond). Various almond hullers may be found near the area. Regional access is provided by the north–south running Interstate 5, along with Old Highway 99 West running alongside Interstate 5.

History
Tacitus R. Arbuckle initially established a ranch here in 1866. The railroad came in 1875 and the town was founded and named for Arbuckle, on whose land it was built. The post office was established the following year, 1876.

Geography
Two streams drain the area, the Salt and Elk Creeks. The Salt Creek flows north in the area, then bends east, and is joined by Elk Creek. Both streams join Sand Creek a half mile northeast of the town and flow in a northeast direction. Salt Creek is subject to periodic flooding during heavy rainfall.

The town sank 2.14 feet between 2008 and 2017 according to a report issued by the California Department of Water Resources in coordination with 19 local and state agencies. A study that analyzed over 300 sites across the Sacramento Valley found that this area had sunk due to groundwater-related subsidence more than any other area in the study. Subsidence occurred as water was removed from the underground aquifers and the surrounding soil collapsed upon itself.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Arbuckle had a population of 3,028. The population density was 1,721.2 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Arbuckle was 1,746 (57.7%) White, 18 (0.6%) African American, 23 (0.8%) Native American, 18 (0.6%) Asian, 5 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 1,124 (37.1%) from other races, and 94 (3.1%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2,116 persons (69.9%).

The Census reported that 3,028 people (100% of the population) lived in households, 0 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 868 households, out of which 481 (55.4%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 518 (59.7%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 125 (14.4%) had a female householder with no husband present, 77 (8.9%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 61 (7.0%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 6 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 122 households (14.1%) were made up of individuals, and 70 (8.1%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.49. There were 720 families (82.9% of all households); the average family size was 3.80.

The population was spread out, with 982 people (32.4%) under the age of 18, 356 people (11.8%) aged 18 to 24, 824 people (27.2%) aged 25 to 44, 635 people (21.0%) aged 45 to 64, and 231 people (7.6%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.8 males.

There were 937 housing units at an average density of 532.6 /sqmi, of which 868 were occupied, of which 547 (63.0%) were owner-occupied, and 321 (37.0%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 4.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 2.7%. 1,899 people (62.7% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,129 people (37.3%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,332 people, 650 households, and 533 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,695.3 PD/sqmi. There were 679 housing units at an average density of 493.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 50.21% White, 0.17% Black or African American, 2.10% Native American, 0.47% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 40.44% from other races, and 6.52% from two or more races. 70.75% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 650 households, out of which 52.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.2% were married couples living together, 12.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.0% were non-families. 15.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.59 and the average family size was 3.98.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 35.9% under the age of 18, 12.0% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 15.7% from 45 to 64, and 8.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 26 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.5 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $35,463, and the median income for a family was $36,573. Males had a median income of $25,875 versus $22,865 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $13,225. About 16.3% of families and 17.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.9% of those under age 18 and 7.1% of those age 65 or over.

Politics
In the state legislature, Arbuckle is in, and. Federally, Arbuckle is in.

Notable people

 * Frederick C. Weyand (1916-2010) was general in the United States Army who served as the 28th Chief of Staff of the United States Army from 1972 to 1974.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Arbuckle, California


text:
Colusa, California

Colusa is a city and county seat of Colusa County, California, located in the Sacramento Valley region of the Central Valley. The population was 5,971 at the 2010 census, up from 5,402 at the 2000 census. Colusi originates from the local Coru Native American tribe, who in the 1840s lived on the opposite side of the Sacramento River.

History
In 1850, Charles D. Semple purchased the Rancho Colus Mexican land grant on which Colusa was founded and called the place Salmon Bend. The town was founded, under the name Colusi, by Semple in 1850. The first post office was established the following year, 1851. The California legislature changed the town's (and the county's) name to Colusa in 1854. The town flourished due to its location on the Southern Pacific Railroad. Several travelers rest stops were established at various road distances from Colusa, including Five Mile House, Seven Mile House, Nine Mile House, Ten Mile House, Eleven Mile House, Fourteen Mile House (also called Sterling Ranch), Sixteen Mile House (at the current location of Princeton), and Seventeen Mile House. The original settlement of what became Colusa was originally placed at the site of Seven Mile House but subsequently removed to its current site in 1850.

Lynching of Hong Di
On July 10, 1887, convicted murderer Hong Di, an immigrant from China, was dragged from the Colusa jail and was forced by over a hundred and fifty men through the streets of Colusa's Chinatown, before he was hanged from the rafters of the locomotive turntable of the Colusa and Lake Railroad. Di, who had worked as a servant for the Billiou family of St. Johns, California, had shot and killed his employer Julie Billiou on April 7, 1887. He was captured on May 22, 1887, near Gridley, California.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.8 sqmi, all of it land. According to the United States Geological Survey, the city's location is at 39.21444°N, -122.00944°W.

Colusa is on the Sacramento River, which has a high levee so that the river is not clearly apparent from the city.

Colusa features a historic Chinatown, Carnegie Library building constructed in 1905, and an architecturally noteworthy courthouse built in a classical style, among its historically notable buildings.

Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Colusa has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csa" on climate maps.

Climate events
During December 1996–January 1997, the nearby Colusa Weir Gauge reached flood stage. This historic flooding event devastated the region by destroying thousands of crop acres (rice, tomatoes, alfalfa) and property. The Colusa Weir Gauge reached flood stage 68.67 ft on January 3, 1997.

Film production
The crime drama movie ...tick...tick...tick... (1970), starring Jim Brown, was filmed in downtown Colusa, featuring the historic courthouse. The setting of the film in Mississippi is referred to as "Colusa County". The movie explores what happens when an African-American is elected sheriff for the town.

2010
At the 2010 census Colusa had a population of 5,971. The population density was 3,255.3 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Colusa was 3,944 (66.1%) White, 54 (0.9%) African American, 107 (1.8%) Native American, 80 (1.3%) Asian, 28 (0.5%) Pacific Islander, 1,510 (25.3%) from other races, and 248 (4.2%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3,128 persons (52.4%).

The census reported that 5,916 people (99.1% of the population) lived in households, 4 (0.1%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 51 (0.9%) were institutionalized.

There were 2,142 households, 890 (41.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 1,080 (50.4%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 290 (13.5%) had a female householder with no husband present, 135 (6.3%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 128 (6.0%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 13 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 555 households (25.9%) were one person and 224 (10.5%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.76. There were 1,505 families (70.3% of households); the average family size was 3.35.

The age distribution was 1,789 people (30.0%) under the age of 18, 484 people (8.1%) aged 18 to 24, 1,566 people (26.2%) aged 25 to 44, 1,435 people (24.0%) aged 45 to 64, and 697 people (11.7%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 33.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.2 males.

The median value of a home was $196,400. There were 2,282 housing units at an average density of 1,244.1 /sqmi,of which 2,142 were occupied, 1,191 (55.6%) by the owners and 951 (44.4%) by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.4%; the rental vacancy rate was 2.3%. 3,233 people (54.1% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 2,683 people (44.9%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 5,402 people in 1,897 households, including 1,365 families, in the city. The population density was 3,244.0 PD/sqmi. There were 2,016 housing units at an average density of 1,210.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 68.7% White, 0.3% Black or African American, 1.8% Native American, 1.5% Asian, 0.8% Pacific Islander, 23.3% from other races, and 3.8% from two or more races. 41.7% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. Of the 1,897 households 40.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.7% were married couples living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.0% were non-families. 23.7% of households were one person and 10.8% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.81 and the average family size was 3.33.

The age distribution was 30.2% under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 28.2% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 11.4% 65 or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $35,250, and the median family income was $41,833. Males had a median income of $32,006 versus $20,510 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,251. About 14.2% of families and 17.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.0% of those under age 18 and 8.9% of those age 65 or over.

Economy
Colusa County industry is dominated by agriculture, primarily in rice crops and tree nuts like almonds and walnuts. It's one of the top rice producing counties in the United States with over 135,000 acres harvested in 2016.

Major employers in Colusa include Colusa County and Colusa Unified School District. Sunsweet Growers has a plant just outside of city limits.

Politics
In the state legislature, Colusa is in, and. Federally, Colusa is in.

Education
Colusa is served by the Colusa Unified School District formed by three schools: Burchfield Primary School, Egling Middle School, and Colusa High School. The high school's mascot is the Redhawks. Starting in the 2011–12 academic year, the name of the high school mascot was changed from the Redskins to the Redhawks amid controversy over using names and insignia deemed derogatory toward Native Americans.

Notable people

 * Bill Cunningham, Major League Baseball player
 * Byron De La Beckwith, convicted assassin of civil rights activist Medgar Evers
 * Mike Griffin, Major League Baseball pitcher

title: Colusa, California


text:
Williams, California

Williams (formerly Central) is a city in Colusa County, California. The population was 5,643 at the time of the 2010 census, up from 3,670 at the 2000 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.4 sqmi, all of it land.

History
The postal service established a post office at Central in 1874. The town and post office were renamed in 1876, in honor of W. H. Williams, who platted the townsite. The city of Williams was incorporated in 1920.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 3,670 people in 924 households, including 745 families, in the city. The population density was 674.3 PD/sqmi. There were 968 housing units at an average density of 177.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 45.45% White, 0.49% Black or African American, 1.14% Native American, 1.14% Asian, 45.50% from other races, and 6.27% from two or more races. 71.20% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. Of the 924 households 51.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.2% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.3% were non-families. 16.9% of households were made up of single individuals and 8.7% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 3.70 and the average family size was 4.18.

The age distribution was 34.6% under the age of 18, 12.9% from 18 to 24, 28.0% from 25 to 44, 15.4% from 45 to 64, and 9.2% 65 or older. The median age was 27 years. For every 100 females, there were 106.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $32,042, and the median family income was $36,389. Males had a median income of $29,625 versus $20,000 for females. The per capita income for the city was $11,010. About 15.5% of families and 19.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.1% of those under age 18 and 15.1% of those age 65 or over.

2010
At the 2010 census Williams had a population of 5,123. The population density was 941.0 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Williams was 2,785 (54.4%) White, 59 (1.2%) African American, 55 (1.1%) Native American, 94 (1.8%) Asian, 4 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 1,946 (38.0%) from other races, and 180 (3.5%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3,891 persons (76.0%).

The census reported that 5,014 people (97.9% of the population) lived in households, 23 (0.4%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 86 (1.7%) were institutionalized.

There were 1,369 households, 782 (57.1%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 892 (65.2%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 140 (10.2%) had a female householder with no husband present, 98 (7.2%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 73 (5.3%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 7 (0.5%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 185 households (13.5%) were one person and 73 (5.3%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 3.66. There were 1,130 families (82.5% of households); the average family size was 4.04.

The age distribution was 1,701 people (33.2%) under the age of 18, 588 people (11.5%) aged 18 to 24, 1,442 people (28.1%) aged 25 to 44, 965 people (18.8%) aged 45 to 64, and 427 people (8.3%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 28.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 108.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.9 males.

There were 1,487 housing units at an average density of 273.1 /sqmi,of which 1,369 were occupied, 832 (60.8%) by the owners and 537 (39.2%) by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.8%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.4%. 3,011 people (58.8% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 2,003 people (39.1%) lived in rental housing units.

Government and politics
In the state legislature, Williams is in, and. Federally, Williams is in.

The current mayor of Williams, as of 2022, is Don Parsons and the current city administrator is Frank Kennedy.

California's longest-serving governor, Jerry Brown, retired to a home that he built on his family's ancestral Schuckman Ranch, in the foothills west of Williams.

Climate
Williams has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Csa) according to the Köppen climate classification system.

title: Williams, California


text:
Alamo, California

Alamo (Spanish: Álamo; meaning "Poplar tree") is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Contra Costa County, California, in the United States. It is a suburb located in the San Francisco Bay Area's East Bay region, approximately 28 mi east of San Francisco. Alamo is equidistant from the city of Walnut Creek and the incorporated town of Danville. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,314.

Police services are provided by the Contra Costa County Office of the Sheriff. Fire and EMS services are provided by the San Ramon Valley Fire Protection District.

Alamo has a median household income of $250,000. The average home price in Alamo is $2,400,000 (as of January 2024). In August 2007, a group of citizens launched a new initiative to incorporate the community, the latest in a series of attempts that go back to the early 1960s or before; it was defeated by referendum in March 2009. Previous failed Alamo incorporation efforts always included parts of other nearby unincorporated areas: Alamo-Danville (1964) and Alamo-Danville-San Ramon (1976).

History
Alamo was first inhabited by the Tatcan Indians over 5000 years ago. The Tatcan Indians, a Bay Miwok tribe closely connected to the Saclans of Walnut Creek, lived in Alamo in the eighteenth century.

After Mission San José was founded in 1797, its grazing area stretched throughout the San Ramon Valley. The Mexican land grant Rancho San Ramon was deeded to Mariano Castro and his uncle Bartolo Pacheco in 1833. It covered modern-day Danville and Alamo. Castro owned the northern half, which included Alamo.

In 1843 much of the Alamo, Las Trampas and Tice Valley areas were granted to brothers Inocencio and José Romero. It was called Rancho El Sobrante de San Ramon. Because of missing title papers, the brothers lost their ranch in American courts in 1857.

Pioneers Mary Ann and John Jones traveled through Alamo in 1847. She provided the earliest English description of the area in her diary. Her husband stopped the wagon saying, "Mary, look! Did you ever see anything so beautiful?" She wrote later:

"On every side, the valley and surrounding hills were covered with thick, velvety clover, and with wild oats standing waist high waving and rippling in the summer breeze, like the bosom of a lake." The Jones family returned to Alamo in 1851, after California had become a state. John became the first postmaster in 1852 and she applied her considerable energies to schooling children and beginning a Cumberland Presbyterian church. Other early Alamo founders included David Glass, George Engelmeyer, Silas and Susanna Stone, Captain Wall, Joshua Bollinger, and James Foster.

The area was named Alamo, which comes from the Spanish word álamo, meaning "poplar" or "cottonwood." Alamo was named after the Alamo Mission in San Antonio. Because of its location and climate, Alamo grew quickly. An early road from the redwoods near Moraga ran through Tice Valley to Alamo, since Americans preferred redwood for building materials instead of Mexican adobe brick.

The Hemme, Bollinger, Jones and Stone ranches began by grazing cattle and raising wheat and other grains. In 1891 the Hemme train station was placed near today's Hemme Avenue; later it was renamed the Alamo station.

Eventually orchards and vineyards spread across the area. Almonds, walnuts, pears, grapes and other fruit thrived in the temperate climate. In 1873, Alamo pioneer Myron Hall grafted Persian cuttings to native walnut trees and helped start the prosperous walnut industry in Contra Costa County. This "mother tree" was tended for over 100 years.

The Alamo post office is the oldest continuously operated one in the valley. It was always an important community gathering place. According to longtime postmaster Bertha Linhares, when the mail was expected the men "sat in the post office-store in the winter … the women went into our sitting room and visited with my mother … We always heard all the news and troubles of the Alamo residents." Her father, brother and sister were also postmasters from 1905 to 1960.

Geography
Alamo is located in Contra Costa County, at the northern end of the 20 mi-long San Ramon Valley between two Coast Ranges − the Las Trampas Ridge to the west and the Diablo Range to the east. The city of San Ramon and the town of Danville are also located in this valley. Just to the north of Alamo lies the city of Walnut Creek. San Francisco and San Jose lie 28 mi to the west and 46 mi to the south, respectively. A few miles to the east of Alamo stands the 3,864 ft-tall Mount Diablo.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 9.7 sqmi, all of it land.

Climate
Alamo experiences a warm-summer Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and cool, rainy winters. Summer high temperatures are hot, but due to the high degree of seasonal diurnal temperature variation, the mean temperature remains low enough to qualify as a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, staying below 71.6 F. Temperatures occasionally reach 100 F or higher in the warmest months, and frost occurs on some clear mornings during the coldest months. There are, on average 42 days per annum with at least 0.1 inch of rain (days when it is considered useful to carry an umbrella). During cold winter storms, snow can fall on top of nearby Mount Diablo, but very seldom falls in the Valley.

Andrew H. Young Park
Located at the corner of Danville Blvd. & Jackson Way. This 1 acre park is named in memory of Alamo resident Andrew H. Young who was instrumental in preserving the charm of Alamo.

He served in 1980 as chairman of the county Planning Commission, and as a commissioner from 1977 to 1979 with the San Ramon Valley Area Planning Commission.

Young was a World War II veteran, serving in the Pacific campaign where he assisted in the evacuation of the Chinese Fifth Army from North Vietnam. He retired in 1965 from active reserve as a Navy lieutenant commander.

His participation in the Lafayette Local Government Study Committee in 1966–67 led to that city's incorporation in 1968. His Boulevard of Trees project replanted dying trees along Danville Boulevard in Alamo.

He was on the Tao House study committee in Danville and the steering committee for San Ramon Valley Regional Medical Center. He was an executive director for the Contra Costa County Historical Society, as well its president from 1985–1986 and also was a president of the Alamo Park Foundation.

Livorna Park
Located at the corner of Livorna Road & Miranda Avenue, this 4.4 acre neighborhood park features a large open-air gazebo, a bocce ball court, a multi-use sports court, playground structures, large play areas, drinking fountain, restrooms, two barbecue areas, ample grassed area and off-street parking.

During the summer months a series of concerts are held at the park in the early evenings typically over a weekend. The concerts are organized by the Alamo Municipal Advisory Committee.

The park also typically hosts a children's Easter egg hunt each year on Easter Sunday. This is organized by the Rotary Club of Alamo.

Rancho Romero School Sports Field and Park
Located at 180 Hemme Avenue, this 5.4 acre park features soccer and softball fields, playground structures and restroom facilities. Note that it is open to the public only after normal school hours.

Alamo School Sports Field
Located at 100 Wilson Road, this 2.2 acre community park offers soccer and baseball fields, batting cages, two multi-use sport courts and a picnic area. Note that it is open to the public only after school hours.

Hap Magee Ranch Park
Located on the Alamo-Danville Border at 1025 La Gonda Way. This 16.3 acre park has several historic structures and is managed jointly by Alamo and Danville. A barn façade at the park entrance memorializes the park's former use as a ranch for longhorn steer with the owner being Hap Magee during the years of 1953 and 1985.

Before the cattle ranch, the site was a summer camp for San Francisco orphans, known as Camp Swain. The property was purchased in 1874 by Captain Isaac and Ann Trasker Swain on behalf of an orphanage in San Francisco. The Swains thought the children should have a warm place to go during San Francisco's damp summers. In 1911 the San Francisco Protestant Orphanage first brought their children to Camp Swain. The orphans came to the valley from 1911 to 1952, using the train and then buses. There is a drinking fountain commemorating Camp Swain with a plaque and a brick rendering of children playing.

Today there are picnic facilities, children's water play area, a large meadow with a spectacular heritage oak, dog parks and off-street parking. The park sits near the intersection of the Iron Horse Trail and the Las Trampas to Mt. Diablo Regional Trail.

Las Trampas Regional Wilderness
Las Trampas Regional Wilderness is a 5342 acre park located to the immediate southwest of the town. The wilderness contains numerous plant and animal communities, including forested hillsides and riparian woods.

Geology
The Mount Diablo thrust fault runs through Alamo releasing small tremors about every other month. The fault line has never had a history of being dangerous. However, the Hayward Fault, a close neighbor, is extremely active.

Demographics
The 2010 United States Census reported that Alamo had a population of 14,570. The population density was 1,507.2 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Alamo was 12,662 (86.9%) White, 1,190 (8.2%) Asian, Hispanic or Latino of any race were 839 persons (5.8%), 479 (3.3%) from two or more races, 126 (0.9%) from other races, 73 (0.5%) African American, 22 (0.2%) Pacific Islander and 18 (0.1%) Native American.

The Census reported that 14,539 people (99.8% of the population) lived in households, 22 (0.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 9 (0.1%) were institutionalized.

There were 5,152 households, out of which 1,921 (37.3%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 3,982 (77.3%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 274 (5.3%) had a female householder with no husband present, 141 (2.7%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 111 (2.2%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 43 (0.8%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 598 households (11.6%) were made up of individuals, and 341 (6.6%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.82. There were 4,397 families (85.3% of all households); the average family size was 3.05.

The population was spread out, with 3,739 people (25.7%) under the age of 18, 695 people (4.8%) aged 18 to 24, 2,095 people (14.4%) aged 25 to 44, 5,470 people (37.5%) aged 45 to 64, and 2,571 people (17.6%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.9 males.

There were 5,378 housing units at an average density of 556.3 /sqmi, of which 5,152 were occupied, of which 4,709 (91.4%) were owner-occupied, and 443 (8.6%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.2%; the rental vacancy rate was 6.5%. 13,340 people (91.6% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,199 people (8.2%) lived in rental housing units.

Education
Public education in the majority of Alamo is provided by the San Ramon Valley Unified School District. There are three schools in total; two elementary schools and one middle school:
 * Alamo School: Today's Alamo Elementary School at 100 Wilson Road opened in 1965. It is the fourth Alamo school bearing the name. It has the original school bell from the 1880s in its courtyard. The dedication ceremony for the bell was March 22, 1974. The bell has a San Ramon Valley Historical Society plaque that commemorates the history of early education in Alamo. The three previous Alamo Schools were built near what is today the corner of Stone Valley Road West and Danville Boulevard. The first Alamo school was built back in 1871.
 * Rancho Romero Elementary School: The school was originally built in 1959. At that time it consisted of 12 classrooms and a small teachers' room/office combination. In 1961, a main office, kindergarten, library, multi-use room and additional classrooms were added. At present, there are 556 students and 25 self-contained classrooms. Measure A funds were used during the 1993–94 school year for a $2.5 million reconstruction of the entire school. In 1998, Rancho was designated by the Alamo Parks and Recreation Committee (R7A) to receive $350,000 for field and playground renovations and to establish park amenities for the community.
 * Stone Valley Middle School is a Middle School in the suburbs of Alamo. The school has a 21-1 student to teacher ratio. Stone Valley has been newly remodeled with a budget of around 29 million USD. It has an estimated 560 students (52% boys and 48% girls).

A small portion of Alamo is in the Walnut Creek Elementary School District and the Acalanes Union High School District.

Transportation
Interstate 680, running north–south, is the main highway serving the San Ramon Valley. It runs north through cities such as Walnut Creek and Concord, providing access to Wine Country, Sacramento and Lake Tahoe (accessible via Interstate 80). Going south, I-680 passes through cities including Pleasanton and Fremont, ultimately reaching San Jose.

State Highway 24, which intersects I-680 in adjacent Walnut Creek, provides access to San Francisco, Oakland and Berkeley via the Caldecott Tunnel running under the Berkeley Hills.

The closest Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) station is on the. County Connection routes 21 and 321, running on weekdays and weekends respectively, provide local bus service along Danville Boulevard in Alamo, south to Danville and San Ramon and north to Walnut Creek, terminating at the BART station.

Notable residents
• Stephen Curry - NBA player for the Golden State Warriors
 * Brandon Belt - San Francisco Giants MLB player
 * Joan Buchanan - Former member of the California State Assembly
 * Steven Burd - Safeway Inc. Supermarket president and CEO
 * Mark Davis - Oakland Raiders Owner
 * David Duffield - Billionaire co-founder of Workday, Inc and PeopleSoft
 * Mason Filippi - auto racing driver
 * Bret Hedican - former Anaheim Ducks NHL player
 * Greg Kent - ex AFL/NFL player for the Detroit Lions and Oakland Raiders
 * Greg Kragen - ex NFL player for the Denver Broncos, Kansas City Chiefs, and Carolina Panthers
 * Tony La Russa - MLB manager of the Chicago White Sox
 * Katherine Langford - Actress
 * Vili Helu - rugby union player
 * Mark McGwire - former MLB player
 * Mike Moore - former Oakland Athletics pitcher
 * Jason Newsted - former Metallica bassist
 * Greg Sestero - Actor, star of cult classic The Room, author of The Disaster Artist, raised in Alamo
 * Ellen Tauscher - Former Congresswoman for California's 10th congressional district
 * Bree Turner - Actress, starred on NBC's Grimm, raised in Alamo
 * Kristi Yamaguchi - Olympic gold medalist
 * Tony Eldridge - Film Producer, The Equalizer 2, raised in Alamo.
 * Alan Silvestri - American composer and conductor known for his film and television scores.

title: Alamo, California


text:
Antioch, California

Antioch is the third-largest city in Contra Costa County, California, United States. The city is located in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area along the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta. The city's population was 115,291 at the 2020 census. The city has grown substantially more diverse since the 1970s.

Early history
Antioch is one of the oldest towns in the region. The town has been variously named East Antioch, Smith's Landing, and Marsh's Landing, prior to its current name.

In 1848, John Marsh, owner of Rancho Los Méganos, one of the largest ranches in California, built a landing on the San Joaquin River in what is now Antioch. It became known as Marsh's Landing, and was the shipping point for the 17,000 acre rancho. It included a pier extending well out into the river, enabling vessels drawing 15 ft of water to tie up there in any season of the year. The landing also included a slaughterhouse, a smokehouse for curing hams, rodeo grounds, and a $1 1⁄2$-story dwelling, embellished with fretwork, that was brought around the Horn to serve as a home for the mayordomo and his wife.

In 1849, twin brothers Rev. William Wiggins Smith and Rev. Joseph Horton Smith sailed from Boston, purchased land from John Marsh and founded a town slightly west of Marsh's Landing, and named it Smith's Landing. During the town picnic on July 4, 1851, William, the town's new minister, persuaded the residents to change the name of the town to Antioch, for the biblical city of Antioch, "in as much as the first settlers were disciples of Christ, and one of them had died and was buried on the land, that it be given a Bible name in his honor, and suggested 'Antioch' (an ancient Syrian town where two important rivers meet and where the followers of Christ were first called Christians), and by united acclamation it was so christened."

Around 1859, coal was discovered in several places in the hills south of Antioch, and coal mining formed the first substantial business apart from farming and dairying for the inhabitants of this community. This new industry resulted in the founding of the towns of Nortonville, Somersville, Stewartville, and Black Diamond (now Pittsburg), and added greatly to the economic activity of the Antioch area. The Empire Coal Company was formed by John C. Rouse and George Hawxhurst in 1876, which built a railroad that passed from Antioch toward the mines over what is now "F Street" (formerly Kimball Street). However, later on, both the mine and the railroad passed into the hands of the Belshaw brothers. The mines have long since ceased operation, and the railroad tracks have been dug up, though the building that served as the Antioch terminus of the railroad still stands on the corner of F Street and Fourth Street, and the grading and trestles still remain much as they were in those early days.

In 1863, a great excitement arose over the discovery of copper ore near Antioch. Smelting works were built at Antioch, and the ore fetched $15 to $25 per ton. The copper bubble eventually burst, to the dismay of the citizens, and petroleum was first drilled for near Antioch in 1865, but not enough oil was found to make a decent profit.

The Antioch Post Office was opened in 1851, closed in 1852, reopened in 1855, closed again in 1862, and has operated continuously since reopening in 1863. The city of Antioch was incorporated in 1872.

The Antioch Ledger was first issued on March 10, 1870. To commemorate the paper's formation, a copy of its first issue has been framed and hangs over the desk of the present editor. The sole news item is a report with editorial comment on a women's suffrage meeting that had just been held in the town. The Ledger later merged with the Contra Costa Times and printed its last issue in 2005. The Time's weekly publication, the Antioch News, which is an expansion of the Brentwood News is published each Friday. The Antioch Press published its first issue in January 2001, direct mailing newspapers to all homes and businesses in the city twice monthly, and then weekly from September 2005 until the 2008 economic crash. It continued to publish and distribute only in racks and stacks throughout town until June 2012. It was then only published online until 2020 when it was combined with the Brentwood Press, Oakley Press and Discovery Bay Press into one paper, distributed in stacks and racks throughout the city as, The Press (www.thepress.net). The Antioch Herald (www.AntiochHerald.com) was first launched online in October 2010 and then expanded to print in May 2011, mailing to homes and businesses in Antioch each month. As of 2021, due to the impacts on businesses from the COVID-19-related government health orders, the "Herald" is only available online. A strictly online news source, EastCountyToday.net was launched in July 2012 covering Antioch and the other three cities and five unincorporated communities in eastern Contra Costa County.

The city's historic Chinese community, which was forcibly segregated, was estimated to number in the hundreds in the late 1800s. The city's early history included banning Chinese residents from walking the streets after sundown. In 1876, the Chinatown was burned down due to arson; the fire department refused to put out the fire. For nearly 100 years, virtually no Chinese lived in Antioch. The 1960 census showed that only 12 residents were Chinese.

Antioch is mainly a bedroom community, with most adults working in larger cities toward Oakland and San Francisco. The town has grown in the last 30 years, as the population of the Bay Area continues to grow, and real estate prices force families to move towards the outskirts of the Bay Area.

21st century
In January 2001, the Antioch Press was established by publisher and former Antioch Mayor Pro Tem and Councilman Allen Payton; he sold it in 2005 to the Brentwood Press and Publishing Company. Between 2001 and 2008, Gateway Generating Station was constructed in northern Antioch; the 530MW combined-cycle natural gas-fired power station, owned and operated by Pacific Gas & Electric, began providing power to customers in January 2009. In late 2009, Antioch received significant media attention following the news of kidnap victim Jaycee Lee Dugard being discovered near the city limits, and became the focus of several news stories regarding its 1,000 registered sex offenders. The Los Angeles Times ran a story titled "Sex offenders move to Antioch area 'because they can'," The Independent ran a story titled "How Jessica's Law turned Antioch into a paedophile ghetto", and CNN's Anderson Cooper and Larry King both did similar stories for television; the latter with commentary by TV judge Judy Sheindlin. However, the Contra Costa Times and affiliated newspapers contradicted their claim: "Disturbing, if true. Only it's not, according to a Bay Area News Group analysis of sex offender addresses and census data." The report concluded that the 94509 zip code ranked only 39th in the state with 1.5 sex offenders per 1,000, with Oakland, San Francisco, San Jose, Bethel Island and Vallejo ZIP codes ranked in the top ten. Monte Rio ranked first with 4.5 per 1,000.

The city was attempting in 2012 to annex an adjacent 678-acre area of unincorporated land, which includes a GenOn Energy 760-megawatt power plant, to include the plant within city limits. In October 2010, Allen Payton returned to the news business and established the Antioch Herald, first online, then in May 2011 he began publishing a monthly print edition.

Increasingly tied to the greater economy of the San Francisco Bay Area, a Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) station opened in the city in May 2018.

Mayor Lamar Thorpe announced on April 14, 2021, that the city would establish a Chinatown historic district in the downtown and acknowledge the city's racist past.

Geography

Antioch is located along the San Joaquin River–Stockton Deepwater Shipping Channel at the western end of the San Joaquin–Sacramento River Delta.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 29.1 sqmi, of which 28.3 sqmi is land and 0.7 sqmi, comprising 2.52%, is water.

Climate
Antioch has a semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification: BSk) with hot, dry summers, and mild winters with modest rainfall. There is a considerably higher degree of diurnal temperature variation in the summer than in the winter. Antioch's inland location lying in the border of the Central Valley and Bay Area results in hotter temperatures in the summer and colder nights in the winter in contrast to the rest of the Bay Area. However, its location on the delta allows for a slight maritime effect allowing for day time highs to be a few degrees cooler than the neighboring valley cities.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Antioch had a population of 102,372. The population density was 3,520.0 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Antioch was 50,083 (48.9%) White, 17,667 (17.3%) African American, 887 (0.9%) Native American, 10,709 (10.5%) Asian (5.7% Filipino, 1.4% Chinese, 0.9% Indian, 0.7% Vietnamese, 0.2% Korean, 0.2% Japanese, 0.1% Laotian, 0.1% Pakistani, 0.1% Cambodian), 817 (0.8%) Pacific Islander, 14,310 (14.0%) from other races, and 7,899 (7.7%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 32,436 persons (31.7%); 22.6% of Antioch is Mexican, 2.2% Salvadoran, 1.2% Nicaraguan, 1.2% Puerto Rican, 0.7% Peruvian, 0.4% Guatemalan, and 0.2% Cuban.

The Census reported that 101,708 people (99.4% of the population) lived in households, 404 (0.4%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 260 (0.3%) were institutionalized.

There were 32,252 households, out of which 14,664 (45.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 17,010 (52.7%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 5,718 (17.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 2,295 (7.1%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 2,384 (7.4%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 306 (0.9%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 5,296 households (16.4%) were made up of individuals, and 1,781 (5.5%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.15. There were 25,023 families (77.6% of all households); the average family size was 3.52.

The population was spread out, with 28,807 people (28.1%) under the age of 18, 10,593 people (10.3%) aged 18 to 24, 27,459 people (26.8%) aged 25 to 44, 26,515 people (25.9%) aged 45 to 64, and 8,998 people (8.8%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.7 males.

There were 34,849 housing units at an average density of 1,198.3 /mi2, of which 32,252 were occupied, of which 20,751 (64.3%) were owner-occupied, and 11,501 (35.7%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.7%; the rental vacancy rate was 8.2%. 64,284 people (62.8% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 37,424 people (36.6%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 90,532 people, 29,338 households, and 23,177 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,359.5 PD/sqmi. There were 30,116 housing units at an average density of 1,117.6 /mi2. The racial makeup of the city was 65.33% White, 22.12% Hispanic or Latino of any race, 9.75% Black or African American, 0.93% Native American, 7.40% Asian, 0.40% Pacific Islander, 9.23% from other races, and 6.97% from two or more races.

There were 29,338 households, out of which 46.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.3% were married couples living together, 13.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.0% were non-families. 15.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.07 and the average family size was 3.42.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 32.3% under the age of 18, 8.2% from 18 to 24, 32.4% from 25 to 44, 19.8% from 45 to 64, and 7.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $60,359, and the median income for a family was $64,723. Males had a median income of $50,152 versus $34,203 for females. The per capita income for the city was $22,152 About 6.5% of families and 8.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.3% of those under age 18 and 6.3% of those age 65 or over.

Top employers
According to the city's 2021 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report, the top employers in the city are:

Arts and culture
Antioch has four Historic Places or Buildings on the National Register of Historic Places: the Black Diamond Mines, Roswell Butler Hard House, Riverview Union High School Building and the Shannon-Williamson Ranch.

The historic El Campanil Theatre opened on November 1, 1928, in downtown Antioch. It now presents a wide variety of entertainment opportunities, including classic films, live theatre, concerts, symphony, ballet, comedy and is host to numerous local dance and community-based organizations, such as the Antioch Rivertown Theatre Group.

The Arts & Cultural Foundation of Antioch organizes education in graphic arts, sculpture, pottery, and performance arts for various age groups. It also hosts the Saturday Summer Concert Series, Delta Blues Festival, and Holiday De Lights, along with other community events.

Run by the Antioch Historical Society, the Antioch Historical Society Museum is in the Riverview Union High School Building. This high school was the first high school constructed in Contra Costa County.

The Lynn House Gallery houses exhibits throughout the year, with an emphasis on providing opportunities for local artists.

Rivertown Art Center is housed in a historic bank building built in 1923. It is administered by the Arts & Cultural Foundation of Antioch and was created to allow local artists additional opportunities to exhibit their art and to conduct art classes.

The ESPACE Academy is located within Deer Valley High School and includes a planetarium.

The Contra Costa County Fairgrounds are located in Antioch. The fairgrounds hosted the first two editions of the Genesis Super Smash Bros. tournament.

Parks and trails
Antioch is home to 31 parks covering a total of 310 acres (130 ha) with an additional 600 acres (240 ha) of city-owned open space. It also has 11 mi of walking paths connecting communities to parks and schools.

Within its boundaries it has Contra Loma Regional Park, the Antioch/Oakley Regional Shoreline and Black Diamond Mines Regional Park, and the Mokelumne Coast to Crest Trail and Delta de Anza Regional Trail. According to the East Bay Regional Parks District, these three parks take up 6,493 acre, approximately 38% of Antioch's total land area. Just outside Antioch city limits is the 2,024 acre Round Valley Regional Preserve.

Established in 1980, Antioch Dunes National Wildlife Refuge was the first national wildlife refuge in the country established for the purpose of protecting endangered plants and insects, specifically the Apodemia mormo langei known by the common name Lange's metalmark butterfly, Antioch Dunes evening primrose, and Contra Costa wallflower. It is located on the south shore of the San Joaquin River in Antioch. The refuge and a few acres of surrounding lands contain most of the remaining habitat for these three species and are all that remain of a 9 km of sand dunes formed during glaciation periods.

The city has a municipal marina, along with other private marinas, boatyards, and yacht clubs. There is a public fishing pier in town, and another on the San Joaquin River along the Antioch/Oakley Regional Shoreline out near the Antioch Bridge.

Burrowing owl protection
In late 2008, western burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia) moved into a 25 acre housing development slated for construction. In November 2009 the California Department of Fish & Game gave the developer permission to evict the owls before nesting season begins in February 2010. The birds regularly reuse burrows for years, and there is no requirement that suitable new habitat be found for the owls. Despite being listed as a Species of Special Concern (a pre-listing category under the Endangered Species Act) by the California Department of Fish and Game in 1979, California's population declined 60 percent from the 1980s to the early 1990s, and continues to decline at roughly 8 percent per year. In 1994, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service nominated the western burrowing owl as a federal Category 2 candidate for listing as endangered or threatened, but loss of habitat continues due to development of the flat, grassy lands used by the owl. According to The Institute for Bird Populations, there has been a 50 percent decline in burrowing owl populations in the Bay Area in the last 10 to 15 years. Their status protects them from disturbance during nesting season or killing at any time, but does not guarantee them a permanent home, as outside of breeding season, owls can be removed. In November 2009, a local resident tallied 11 owls in the area, including four pairs. Antioch is the first East Bay city to designate habitat protected by deed for burrowing owls, since residents pushed for protections for those displaced by the community center at Prewett Park. Despite organized protests at Kiper Homes' Blue Ridge property by Friends of East Bay Owls, one-way doors were installed in the birds' burrows so that the owl families could not return to their nests. A 1992–1993 survey reported no breeding burrowing owls in Napa, Marin, and San Francisco counties, and only a few in San Mateo and Sonoma. The Santa Clara County population is declining and restricted to a few breeding locations, leaving only Alameda, Contra Costa, and Solano counties as the remnant breeding range. To assist the displaced Antioch owls in finding new homes a group of local residents and the environmental group Friends of Marsh Creek Watershed constructed six artificial burrows at a designated burrowing owl habitat preserve in the hills north of Prewett Water Park.

City Council
As of 2020, Antioch's City Council consists of:
 * Mayor (at-large) Lamar Thorpe
 * District 1: Tamisha Torres-Walker
 * District 2: Michael Barbanica
 * District 3: Lori Ogorchock
 * District 4: Monica E. Wilson (Mayor pro tempore)

The following people have been elected Mayor of Antioch since the city's incorporation:

Antioch maintains a council–manager form of government with a Mayor elected at-large, who serves as chair of the council and is elected in years divisible by four, and four Councilmembers elected in district elections. Districts 1 and 4 elect their Councilmembers in years divisible by four, while districts 2 and 3 elect their Councilmembers in even-numbered years not divisible by four. Antioch historically elected its Councilmembers in at-large elections, but in response to threats of a lawsuit alleging violations of state law and underrepresentation of people of color, the Antioch City Council voted to switch to district elections in 2018, holding the first such elections in 2020.

Public safety
The city is protected by Contra Costa Fire and the Antioch Police Department.

Politics
According to the California Secretary of State, as of February 10, 2019, Antioch has 54,528 registered voters. Of those, 28,773 (52.8%) are registered Democrats, 8,096 (14.8%) are registered Republicans, and 15,012 (27.5%) have declined to state a political party.

Public schools
Public schools are run by the Antioch Unified School District, which consists of three high schools, four middle schools, and numerous elementary schools that follow a single-track schedule, with school starting in late August or early September, and concluding in June.

The three high schools are:
 * Antioch High School
 * Deer Valley High School
 * Dozier-Libbey Medical High School

The four middle schools are:
 * Antioch Middle School
 * Park Middle School
 * Black Diamond Middle School
 * Dallas Ranch Middle School

Private schools
The private schools are primarily religious. The private high schools are:
 * Heritage Baptist Academy (K-12)
 * Delta Christian High School
 * Promised Land Christian High School

The private primary and middle schools are:
 * Holy Rosary Elementary School
 * Hilltop Christian School
 * Kinder Care Learning Center
 * Antioch Christian School
 * Golden Hills Christian School
 * Great Beginnings Elementary School

The charter schools are: Antioch Charter Academy (est. 1998) Antioch Charter Academy II (est. 2007)

Antioch is also home to Western Career College, located on Lone Tree Way. Also Antioch has one school for CPR and First Aid Training, Event First Aid & Safety Services located at 201 G Street, 2nd and G streets.

Public libraries
The Prewett Library of the Contra Costa County Library system serves Antioch and is located inside the Antioch Community Center, across the street from Deer Valley High School.

Media
Antioch is served by the Antioch Press, published by Brentwood Press & Publishing Corporation. Antioch Press is a weekly newspaper that is published every Friday. The current circulation is just over 4,000.

Roads
Antioch's primary surface transportation link is via the freeway State Route 4, both westward a half-hour's drive to Interstate 80 and the road network of the Bay Area, or alternatively eastward to connect with Interstate 5 at the Central Valley city of Stockton, California. State Route 160 leads north from Highway 4, crossing the San Joaquin River via the Antioch Bridge and through the Delta to Sacramento.

Public Transit
Antioch is served by both the Antioch-Pittsburg Amtrak station, and access to Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) is available at the Antioch eBART Station. Although public transportation agency Tri-Delta Transit is the predominant provider of public transportation in the Antioch area, County Connection bus #93X also serves Antioch going to John Muir Medical Center, Mitchell Park n' Ride, Railroad Castlewood, Delta Fair Sommersville and Hillcrest Park 'n Ride. At one time the city had a 50-cent-per-ride senior shuttle. However, due to budget cuts in 2011 a proposal was made to eliminate the $275,000 subsidy for this program. Currently the senior and paratransit system still operates on call service for $2.75 per fare.

Airports
Antioch's closest airport with commercial service is Buchanan Field Airport, though its sole airline is JSX and only flies to Las Vegas, Burbank and Orange County. Through BART, Antioch is directly connected to San Francisco International Airport, though through the use of BART transfers, Antioch is also connected to Oakland Airport and through VTA, San Jose Airport.

Antioch is also equidistant from Oakland Airport to Stockton Metropolitan Airport, though no transit services connects Stockton and Antioch.

Antioch Airport was closed in 1989.

Water
The Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta has been a large source of fresh water for the city but increasing salinity levels have reduced the city's ability to use the river intake. In response, the city is building the first surface-water desalination plant in the Bay Area.

Sports

 * Frank Beede, former offensive lineman for the Seattle Seahawks, now a coach at Freedom High School
 * Paul Blackburn, pitcher for the Oakland Athletics
 * T. J. Carrie, professional football player currently playing for the Indianapolis Colts
 * David Douglas, professional mixed martial artist
 * Najee Harris, professional football player for the Pittsburgh Steelers
 * Taiwan Jones, football cornerback and running back for the Buffalo Bills
 * Maurice Jones-Drew, former running back for the Jacksonville Jaguars
 * Mike Lucky, former tight end for the Dallas Cowboys
 * Gino Marchetti, former All-American for the Baltimore Colts
 * Aaron Miles, retired Oakland A's second baseman
 * Sterling Moore, football cornerback who played for the Dallas Cowboys
 * Jeremy Newberry, former center for the San Francisco 49ers and San Diego Chargers
 * John Olenchalk, Antioch High School 1973, Stanford 1977, played for the Montreal Alouettes and the Kansas City Chiefs.
 * Jeff Pico, pitching coach for the Cincinnati Reds and former Chicago Cubs pitcher
 * Evan Pilgrim, former offensive guard in the National Football League
 * Ron Pritchard, former football linebacker and professional wrestler, played nine seasons with the Houston Oilers and the Cincinnati Bengals
 * Alex Sanchez, MLB pitcher for the Toronto Blue Jays in 1989 and All-Pac-10 standout at UCLA
 * Gary Sheide, a former football quarterback for Brigham Young University
 * Larry Silveira, a professional golfer who played on the PGA Tour and the Nationwide Tour
 * T. J. Ward, former football strong safety for the Denver Broncos

Miscellaneous

 * Chuck Billy, lead singer of metal band Testament
 * Johnny Burke, lyricist
 * Ty Carter, United States Marine Corps and United States Army veteran and Medal of Honor recipient
 * Donovan Cook, film director and animator famous for creating 2 Stupid Dogs
 * Mario "Mars" Delgado, national hip-hop recording artist, actor and entrepreneur known for his brand of horrorcore rap music.
 * Carmen Dragon, conductor, composer and arranger; father of Daryl Dragon of the 1970s pop music duo Captain & Tennille
 * Wade Harper, first African-American mayor of Antioch
 * Leah Laviano, Miss Mississippi USA in 2008
 * Ronald O. Loveridge, former mayor of Riverside, California
 * John Marsh, Builder of Marsh's Landing and instrumental in achieving California statehood
 * Lori McCreary, film producer and President of the Producers Guild of America
 * Mitchell brothers, Jim & Artie, strip club and pornography business owners until Jim was convicted of killing Artie in 1991
 * Kevin Pereira, former co-host of G4's Attack of the Show! and Let's Ask America
 * Mark L. Schneider, the 15th director of Peace Corps (1999–2001)
 * Lamar Thorpe, current mayor (since 2020) and 2nd African-American mayor
 * Tom Torlakson, California Superintendent of Public Education
 * Jerome R. Waldie, former United States Representative

Sister cities

 * 🇯🇵 Chichibu, Saitama, Japan, since September 16, 1967
 * 🇲🇽 Lázaro Cárdenas, Michoacán, Mexico

title: Antioch, California


text:
Bay Point, California

Bay Point, formerly West Pittsburg and originally Bella Vista is a census-designated place located in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area in Contra Costa County, California. Bay Point is just west of Pittsburg, California, and northeast of Concord, California, on the southern shore of Suisun Bay. The population of Bay Point was 21,349 as of 2010. The Pittsburg/Bay Point Station of the Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) rail system is located adjacent to Bay Point in Pittsburg. The community is traversed by a freeway, State Route 4, the California Delta Highway. Being unincorporated, Bay Point does not have its own police department. The community is policed by the California Highway Patrol and the Contra Costa County Sheriff's Office. The ZIP code is 94565, and the area code is 925.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 7.4 sqmi, 88.3% land and 11.7% water. Bay Point borders Suisun Bay. The northwest portion is the neighborhood of Shore Acres.

Demographics
The 2010 United States Census reported that 21,349 people, 6,224 households, and 4,853 families resided in the CDP. The population density was 3,257.4 PD/sqmi. There were 6,762 housing units at an average density of 917.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 41.4% White (20.5% non-Hispanic), 11.6% African American (10.9% non-Hispanic), 1.1% Native American, 9.9% Asian, 0.7% Pacific Islander, 28.8% from other races, and 6.5% from two or more races. 54.9% of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race.

The Census reported that 99.5% of the population lived in households, 0.1% lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0.4% were institutionalized.

There were 6,224 households, out of which 50.6% had children under the age of 18 living in them, 49.0% were opposite-sex married couples living together, 20.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 8.8% had a male householder with no wife present. 8.0% of households were unmarried opposite-sex partnerships and 0.6% were same-sex married couples or partnerships. 16.4% of households were made up of individuals, and 4.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.41 and the average family size was 3.77.

The population was spread out, with 30.5% under the age of 18, 11.0% aged 18 to 24, 30.2% aged 25 to 44, 21.9% aged 45 to 64, and 6.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.3 males.

History
Bay Point was previously known by several names, including Bella Vista and, until 1993, West Pittsburg. An election was held in 1993 to vote on renaming the community Bay Point, reviving a historical name used in this area. "West Pittsburg," the former name, was sometimes confused with the western unincorporated section of Pittsburg, California. Bay Point is similarly unincorporated.

Ambrose Park annexation
The neighboring City of Pittsburg annexed Ambrose Park in July 2008. Administrative control remained with the Ambrose Parks and Recreation District, which had owned and operated the site and its facilities since 1946. The move was designed to bring Pittsburg's greater development funding and general resources to a joint project to replace the long-time swimming pool facilities at the park. The new Ambrose Aquatic Center opened on July 4, 2016. By population, about 20% of the Ambrose Parks and Recreation District is within Pittsburg City limits. Ambrose Park features picnic, tennis, basketball and hiking, and picnic facilities in 12.3 acres of unincorporated land at 125 Memorial Way, immediately adjacent to the City of Pittsburg. It was a gift to the community from the local Enes family in 1947.

Education
Most of Bay Point is in the Mount Diablo Unified School District. A small portion is in the Pittsburg Unified School District.

In 1940 the only grammar school was Ambrose Elementary located on Willow Pass Road. The high school was in Pittsburg. A branch of the Contra Costa County Library is located in Bay Point at Riverview Middle School. Bay Point is served by the Mt. Diablo Unified School District and has four public schools: Riverview Middle School (formerly Pacifica High School) for grades 6-8, Rio Vista Elementary School (formerly Riverview Middle School) for grades K-5, Shore Acres Elementary School for grades K-5 and Bel Air Elementary School for grades K-5.

title: Bay Point, California


text:
Bayview-Montalvin, California

Bayview-Montalvin is a former census-designated place (CDP) in Contra Costa County, California, United States. The population was 5,004 at the 2000 census.

Prior to the 2010 census, the CDP was dissolved into Bayview CDP and Montalvin Manor CDP.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP had a total area of 0.8 sqmi, of which, 0.6 sqmi of it was land and 0.2 sqmi of it (23.17%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 5,004 people, 1,461 households, and 1,164 families living in the CDP. The population density was 7,845.0 PD/sqmi. There were 1,476 housing units at an average density of 2,314.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 47.72% White, 11.97% Black or African American, 1.10% Native American, 13.89% Asian, 0.76% Pacific Islander, 19.24% from other races, and 5.32% from two or more races. 35.19% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 1,461 households, out of which 38.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.7% were married couples living together, 14.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.3% were non-families. 16.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.42 and the average family size was 3.78.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 28.9% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 28.4% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 11.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.4 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $50,750, and the median income for a family was $53,315. Males had a median income of $43,750 versus $30,318 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $16,056. About 7.8% of families and 11.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.1% of those under age 18 and 7.9% of those age 65 or over.

title: Bayview-Montalvin, California


text:
Blackhawk-Camino Tassajara, California

Blackhawk-Camino Tassajara is a former census-designated place (CDP) in Contra Costa County, California, near the town of Danville. The unincorporated area consisted of the Blackhawk planned community and the surrounding Camino Tassajara area. At the 2000 census, the CDP's population was 10,048. The CDP was split between Blackhawk and Camino Tassajara before the 2010 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the area had a total area of 9.3 sqmi, of which 9.3 sqmi is land and 0.04 sqmi (0.21%) is water.

Demographics
At the 2000 census, there were 10,048 people, 3,326 households and 3,010 families living in the area. The population density was 1,078.9 /sqmi. There were 3,381 housing units at an average density of 363.0 /sqmi. The racial make-up of the area was 77.10% White, 2.31% Black or African American, 0.18% Native American, 16.78% Asian, 0.14% Pacific Islander, 0.75% from other races and 2.75% from two or more races. 3.89% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 3,326 households, of which 46.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 84.2% were married couples living together, 4.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 9.5% were non-families. 6.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 1.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.01 and the average family size was 3.16.

29.0% of the population were under the age of 18, 4.% from 18 to 24, 24.0% from 25 to 44, 35.8% from 45 to 64 and 6.4% were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.1 males.

The median household income was $154,598 and the median family income was $155,904. Males had a median income of over $100,000 and females $58,378. The per capita income was $66,972. About 0.2% of families and 0.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.2% of those under age 18 and 0.6% of those age 65 or over.

Mailing address
Blackhawk-Camino Tassajara was included under Danville, California, for the purposes of mailing address.

title: Blackhawk-Camino Tassajara, California


text:
Brentwood, California

Brentwood is a city in Contra Costa County, California, United States. It is located in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area. The population is 66,854 as of 2022, an increase of 287% from 23,302 at the 2000 census.

Brentwood was settled by Euro-Americans in the late 19th century. The community is still known throughout the Bay Area for its agricultural products - primarily its cherries, corn and peaches. Due to urban sprawl many of the old farms and orchards have been replaced by suburban developments since 1990. Brentwood is increasingly residential, with the rate of population growth in the triple digits during the 1990s and 69% from 2000 through 2010. An official estimate showed the population increased nearly 21% during the period 2010 to 2016.

History
Brentwood was originally laid out on land donated from property owned by John Marsh, an East Contra Costa County pioneer who acquired Rancho Los Méganos, the land grant that Brentwood is built upon, in 1837 from Jose Noriega. Marsh was one of the wealthiest men in California and was instrumental in its becoming independent from Mexico and part of the United States. His letters extolling the potential for agriculture in California were published in newspapers throughout the East. They resulted in the first wagon trains to California. Marsh encouraged this, and allowed new arrivals to stay on his ranch until they could get settled. Rancho Los Méganos became the terminus of the California Trail. Brentwood was named after Marsh's ancestral home, the town of Brentwood in the County of Essex, England.

Brentwood's first post office was established in 1878. The city incorporated in 1948.

Balfour, Guthrie & Co., a British investment company, purchased the John Marsh ranch in 1910. The company invested heavily in other California agricultural properties as well. In 1910, it built the Brentwood Hotel at Oak Street and Brentwood Boulevard, across from the railroad station. This replaced an earlier hotel on the same site that had burned down in 1903. The hotel was razed in 1967, and replaced by a service station.

The Brentwood water tower perhaps symbolizes the city's transition from a rural farm community to a modern bedroom community. This landmark on Walnut Boulevard, across the street from the Brentwood Park and Ride lot, is the tallest structure in the city. It is no longer used for its original purpose, but now serves as a cell phone tower. City water is stored in large tanks atop hills outside the city.

The city is bordered on three sides by the Contra Costa County Agricultural Core which consists of 11,000 acres of preserved and still actively productive farm land.

During the 1990s, many retail stores were built along the Brentwood/Antioch border on Lone Tree Way, on both sides of SR 4, about 3.5 mi from downtown Brentwood. The Streets of Brentwood, an outdoor lifestyle retail center, along Sand Creek Rd opened in 2008.

The city broke ground for a new civic center in November 2009. The Mission-style architectural inspiration for City Hall, the main building, was the 1910 Brentwood Hotel. The $60 million project, completed in May 2012, includes the 58,000-square-foot City Hall and state-of-the-art City Council Chambers, a 32,000-square-foot community center, 280-space parking garage and redevelopment of the $1/2$-acre City Park. The community center also includes arts and crafts rooms as well as studios for dance classes and community exercise programs. The center received a Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design silver certification for amenities such as green roofs, biosales, permeable paving and infiltration planters. City departments began moving into the new facility in October 2011, and the former city hall was demolished during November 2011.

Indigenous history
Brentwood was home to the Julpuns who settled mainly in the upper corner of the East Bay. The Julpun were Native Americans who were a part of the Bay Miwok tribes who spoke the same language in an area, which is a branch of the Eastern Miwok Language. The Bay Miwok tribes would generally include 50-200 people in each village, where they would build their villages along the creeks since they were filled with fish. The Julpun believed that everything in the world had a life or spirit and were very in tune with the nature around them. They set things as sacred where they would pray at as part of their religious beliefs, they ended up coining Mt. Diablo, or as they call it Supremenenu, as the birthplace of the world. Due to this, they would hold the top points of Mt. Diablo to be used for sacred gatherings or religious purposes.

Back then the Julpun were never reached out to by ethnographers or linguists when the Julpun still retained their language, the Bay Miwok. They weren't mainly concentrated but spread out from the San Joaquin River to the bottom part of Marsh Creek which is now the southern part of Brentwood. Between 1806 and 1808 few of the Julpun migrated over to Mission San Jose with about 100 or so went by 1813. Later on Milliken listed down that about 141 Julpun members were baptized by 1819 from Mission San Jose. As time went on, Mission San Jose converted from religious beliefs and values to secular institutions where the Julpun members ended up leaving in 1836 back to their original territory. John Marsh ended up acquiring Rancho Los Meganos from Jose Noriega in 1837 which would cover modern Brentwood and back then cover the Julpuns territory. However, due to Mission San Jose revoking the spiritual possession it once had, the Julpuns may have gone back to their territory and ended up working under John Marsh on the land where their home once was.

In present time the Julpun tribe have more or less settled around the Bay Area. Some are living in specific groups, while others are living in society where they are preserving their native culture even though they may be away from their tribes. They (the Julpun) are working with the National Park Service, where they united under one federally recognized tribe called the Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria.

Geography

As is common with many East Bay towns in Contra Costa County, Mount Diablo is clearly seen from Brentwood. Brentwood is located on the alluvial plain of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. In the picture shown at right, Brentwood lies center right and the city of Antioch, California lies center left. North Peak appears in the foreground between the two cities and largely hides the city of Oakley.

The East Bay Regional Park District is a special San Francisco Bay Area district operating in the East Bay counties of Alameda County and Contra Costa County. East Bay Regional Park District trails and parks are found in Brentwood.

Brentwood has a total area of 14.81 sqmi, of which 14.79 sqmi is land and 0.02 sqmi or 0.13% is water. The landscape on the west is marked by rolling hills, non-native grasses, oak trees, fruit orchards, and vineyards, with a number of public golf courses.

Climate
Brentwood borders on the Mediterranean (Csa) and Semi-arid climates (Bsh). Like most of East Contra Costa County, Brentwood lies in the rain shadow of Mt. Diablo and receives less rainfall than many of its neighbors. The wet season is generally October through April, though there may be a day or two of light rainfall in June or September. Summer heat is often moderated by the Delta breeze, especially in the late afternoon, causing temperatures to cool rapidly.

Government
The City of Brentwood operates under the City Manager form of government. Under policy direction of the City Council, the City Manager serves as the Chief Administrative Officer of the city; assumes full responsibility for planning, administering, directing, overseeing, and evaluating the activities and operations of all City departments. The following city departments report directly to the manager:
 * City Attorney
 * City Manager
 * Community Development
 * Engineering
 * Finance and Information Systems
 * Human Resources
 * Parks and Recreation
 * Police
 * Public Works

Politics
According to the California Secretary of State, as of February 20, 2024, Brentwood has 42,146 registered voters. Of those, 18,726 (44.4%) are registered Democrats, 11,590 (27.5%) are registered Republicans, and 9,598 (22.8%) have declined to state a political party.

Brentwood Police Department (BPD)
Brentwood established its own city police department in 1948, when it was primarily a small farming community. It now serves an area of 14 sqmi, divided into 4 geographic areas.

Tim Herbert is the current police chief, appointed in Sept 2022.

Fire Protection
Fire protection is provided by the East Contra Costa Fire Protection District (ECCFPD), which reports to the Contra Costa County Board of Supervisors. Resources are shared with the communities of Oakley, Bethel Island, Knightsen, Byron and Discovery Bay. It also covers certain unincorporated areas of the county. The fire district is headquartered in the Brentwood City Hall building.

The fire district had to close two fire stations in 2015 because of funding issues. This has left only three stations to cover an area of 249 square miles. One station remains open in Brentwood, Oakley, and Discovery Bay.

Delta Patrol Station
The Delta Patrol Station, a unit of the Contra Costa County Sheriff's office has signed an agreement with the City of Brentwood to move its existing office from Oakley to a larger space in Brentwood. The Delta Patrol Station has occupied a 1920s era building for over four decades, and has been looking for a larger facility in East County to serve the growing population for faster response in unincorporated Contra Costa County areas (e.g., Byron, Discovery Bay and Knightsen). Response time for Bethel Island is expected to remain the same.

Public schools
Brentwood's public education system has about 7 elementary, 3 middle, Bristow Middle School, Edna Middle School, and Adams Middle School and 4 high schools, Independence High School, Liberty High School, La Paloma High School, and Heritage High School.

The city is served by the Brentwood Union School District, Knightsen School District and the Liberty Union High School District. The Brentwood Union School District runs on a modified traditional school calendar. The Brentwood Union School District has many schools designated as a California Distinguished School. Approximately five percent of California schools are awarded this honor.

Heritage High School includes a full range of Advanced Placement courses and the highest Academic Performance Index (California public schools)(API) score in the area, stellar performing arts programs, and championship athletic teams. Heritage is also a solar school. The 2.38 kW photovoltaic project installed at Heritage High School is designed to demonstrate the benefits and opportunities created by renewable energy technology and provide a powerful learning tool for both students and the community.

Community college
Los Medanos College began operating a satellite facility (Brentwood Center) at Sand Creek Road and Brentwood Boulevard in the city. The existing Center has outgrown its limited space in a former grocery store, where it has no room for expansion. The Brentwood Center acquired property in the southwest part of the city, where it plans built a new 18 acre campus that opened in 2021.

Public library
The temporary Brentwood branch of the Contra Costa County Library, located at 104 Oak Street, across from the Civic Center and City Park, was razed early in 2017, along with two other city-owned buildings at 118 and 120 Oak Street to be replaced by the long-awaited new Brentwood branch library. The Brentwood City Council approved the design for the new 20000 sqft facility in September 2016. The facility was completed in 2018, and serves a population of more than 50,000. The library collection includes materials in both Spanish and English. It also offers a wide variety of media, including DVDs, CDs, and audiobooks, as well as a large print collection. The library offers a number of programs for all ages, including storytimes for babies and toddlers.

2010
The 2010 United States census reported that Brentwood had a population of 51,481. The population density was 3,477.3 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Brentwood was 34,969 (67.9%) White, 3,389 (6.6%) African American, 333 (0.6%) Native American, 4,051 (7.9%) Asian, 202 (0.4%) Pacific Islander, 4,964 (9.6%) from other races, and 3,573 (6.9%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 13,779 persons (26.8%).

The census reported that 51,335 people (99.7% of the population) lived in households, 141 (0.3%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 5 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 16,494 households, out of which 8,047 (48.8%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 10,560 (64.0%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 1,823 (11.1%) had a female householder with no husband present, 825 (5.0%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 794 (4.8%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 141 (0.9%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 2,616 households (15.9%) were made up of individuals, and 1,355 (8.2%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.11. There were 13,208 families (80.1% of all households); the average family size was 3.47. The median income for a household in the town was $97,202.

The population was spread out, with 16,058 people (31.2%) under the age of 18, 3,854 people (7.5%) aged 18 to 24, 13,991 people (27.2%) aged 25 to 44, 11,703 people (22.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 5,875 people (11.4%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.4 males.

There were 17,523 housing units at an average density of 1,183.6 /sqmi, of which 16,494 were occupied, of which 12,580 (76.3%) were owner-occupied, and 3,914 (23.7%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.7%; the rental vacancy rate was 6.0%. 38,410 people (74.6% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 12,925 people (25.1%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the 2000 census, there were 23,265 residents. The population density was 2,001.2/sqmi (774/km2). There were 7,788 housing units at an average density of 668.8/sqmi (259/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 75.38% White, 9.40% African American, 0.75% Native American, 6.99% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 5.96% from other races, and 1.43% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.34% of the population. There were 23,700 households, out of which 45.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.2% were married couples living together, 7.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.4% were non-families. 19.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 2.93. In the town the population was spread out, with 22.9% under the age of 18, 3.2% from 18 to 24, 19.4% from 25 to 44, 33.4% from 45 to 64, and 21.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.7 males. The median income for a household in the town was $87,068, and the median income for a family was $91,796. Males had a median income of $58,059 versus $39,585 for females. The per capita income for the town was $33,621. About 5.4% of families and 9.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.3% of those under age 18 and 3.5% of those age 65 or over.

Economy
Agriculture remains important to the local economy, but has declined in relative importance as the city has become more suburban. Local wineries including Bloomfield, Tamayo, and Hannah Nicole have gained in sales and prestige after winning numerous medals in recent years at the San Francisco Chronicle Wine Competition and the California State Fair. There is no heavy industry and only a small light industrial area in the northeastern part of the city. Brentwood underwent a strong economic boom from 2000 through 2008. Population expanded from 23,302 in 2000 to about 48,000 in 2006, a higher growth rate than other communities in the Bay Area. Some of the new neighborhoods were centered around two new golf courses, the Shadow Lakes Golf Club and the Deer Valley Golf Club, that were constructed to take advantage of the views of Mt. Diablo. The boom stalled in 2009, paralleling the economic crisis that affected all of California, but successful new home subdivisions, including a gated community (Carmel Estates), appeared again in 2010. Within an active adult community (Trilogy at the Vineyards), Club Los Meganos opened in 2010 with 34000 sqft of athletic club, pool and cabanas, gourmet studio, spa, tennis courts, and events center. In 2013, Brentwood's economy displayed renewed economic vigor with substantial new activity in residential and commercial/retail construction. Sales offices of new home subdivisions commonly advertise new houses beginning in the $500Ks with the largest homes with many upgrades nearing $1M. The overall improvement in the Bay Area economy and anticipation for the 2015 completion of eBart and highway improvements in East Contra Costa County are playing a part in the revival of strong economic growth in Brentwood. One of the most exciting development opportunities in Brentwood is linked to the two Federal research facilities – Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Sandia National Laboratories – that are located 25 minutes south of Brentwood. Brentwood has established close relations with the national labs and is a member of i-GATE, which is a regional partnership designed to promote tech-oriented business growth connected with the labs.

Top employers
According to the city's 2018 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are:

Highway
Public transportation is very limited, so the principal roads leading into the city are very congested with commuter traffic. No freeways served Brentwood directly until February 2008, when the John Marsh Heritage Highway (also known as the California State Route 4 Bypass or Bypass Road, now California State Route 4) was built to connect the western side of Brentwood directly with Antioch. State Route 4 passes by the western edge of Brentwood. The freeway portion of SR 4 ends just south of the Balfour Road exit. SR 4 continues as a two-lane highway to its intersection with Marsh Creek Road and the end of Vasco Road, an unnumbered highway that is the principal route to Livermore, Interstate 580, and the Silicon Valley. To the southeast of Brentwood, County Route J4, known as the Byron Highway, connects to Tracy and the San Joaquin Valley.

Bus service
Local bus service is provided by Tri Delta Transit, a special purpose district providing public transportation for Eastern Contra Costa County.

Tri Delta Transit Route 300X operates roughly 30-minute express bus service between Brentwood Park & Ride and Antioch BART station Monday through Friday, several times per day.

Tri Delta Transit Route 391 provides weekday and weekend local service between Brentwood Park & Ride and Pittsburgh Center Station, with stops at Antioch BART and Los Medanos College.

The Brentwood Park & Ride is a terminal for Tri Delta Transit routes 202X, 300X, 384, 385, and 391. Tri Delta Transit routes 380, 383, and 395 also serve parts of Brentwood.

Rail
A light rail Bay Area Rapid Transit expansion from Bay Point to Hillcrest Avenue, serving East Contra Costa County, known as eBart, was put into regular service in August 2018.

There is no passenger rail service to Brentwood. The nearest Altamont Corridor Express train station is in Livermore. The nearest Amtrak station is in Antioch.

There is a freight-only rail line that passes through Brentwood, which is owned by Union Pacific Railroad. However, the line has been inactive since the early 1990s. Union Pacific Railroad does have plans to reactivate this line sometime in the future.

Airport
Commercial airports serving this area are:
 * Oakland International Airport
 * San Francisco International Airport
 * San Jose International Airport
 * Sacramento International Airport
 * Stockton Metropolitan Airport

Other nearby airports serving private aircraft are:
 * Byron Airport
 * Livermore Municipal Airport
 * Concord (Buchanan Field)

Attractions and lifestyle
Brentwood was one of 212 cities designated by KaBOOM! as a Playful City USA for 2010 - one of only 23 such cities in California and only three in Northern California. This is the seventh consecutive year that Brentwood has been listed. Each community selected demonstrated creative commitments to the cause of play and fitness. Brentwood was selected for a variety of reasons, including the fact that it offers the community its Wellness Policy, a community-wide aspirational goal which promotes physical activity and education as the benefits of living a healthy lifestyle. Brentwood has many parks and miles of jogging trails, to support healthy lifestyles.

The visual and performing arts are well represented in Brentwood. The city is home to the Brentwood Art Society, which sponsors events such as the annual Art, Wine, and Jazz Festival, the Artists Open Studio Tour, open mic nights, and other gatherings and shows. The Art Society is also a supporter of the Brentwood Theater Company, which since 2010 has been producing Broadway musicals and musical reviews in venues around the city. In spring 2014, a major art gallery was opened in the Streets of Brentwood shopping center.

The Brentwood Parks and Recreation Department reports that it is responsible for 72 city parks. Only four of these exceed 10 acres in size, while 23 parks cover less than one acre each.

Points of interest

 * East Contra Costa Historical Society and Museum - east of Brentwood on Sellers Ave.
 * Los Vaqueros Reservoir
 * Marsh Creek Regional Trail
 * Marsh Creek State Park - currently not open to the public
 * Round Valley Regional Preserve
 * Vasco Caves Regional Preserve
 * Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta
 * Brentwood Civic Center
 * Streets of Brentwood shopping center
 * John Marsh House - historic home, currently not open to the public; managed by the John Marsh Historic Trust.

Agriculture-related attractions

 * The Art, Wine, and Jazz Festival is held each year in late August. A host of local vintners, wineries, and brewers participate, including: Hannah Nicole Vineyards, Bloomfield Vineyards, Tamayo Family Vineyards, J Doran Vineyards, Cline Cellars, and Black Diamond Brewery.
 * Numerous local farms operate produce stands or offer "U-Pick" opportunities throughout Brentwood on the "Harvest Time" farm tour route.
 * A farmers' market is held on First Street in downtown Brentwood on Saturday mornings year-round.

title: Brentwood, California