text:
Brookeville, Maryland

Brookeville is a town in Montgomery County, Maryland, located 20 km north of Washington, D.C., and 2 km north of Olney. Brookeville was settled by Quakers late in the 18th century and was incorporated as a town in 1808. Historically a farming town, Brookeville is now at the northern edge of the densely developed Washington suburbs. The population was 166 at the 2020 census.

Brookeville is notable as the "United States Capital for a Day": when British troops burned Washington, D.C., during the War of 1812, President James Madison sought refuge in the town on August 26, 1814. During the American Civil War, Brookeville, along with nearby Sandy Spring, was a stop on the Underground Railroad.

Overview
The U.S. Postal Service (USPS) defines a larger area as Brookeville than what falls within the town boundaries. This includes areas extending to the Patuxent River and the Howard County border, and including the small hamlets of Sunshine and Brighton. Reddy Branch Stream Valley Park surrounds the Town of Brookeville, with the creek flowing west to east towards the Patuxent. Other parks and recreational areas include Rachel Carson Conservation Park, Patuxent River State Park, and the Triadelphia Reservoir. Areas to the north of Brookeville in Howard County and Carroll County have also experienced rapid population growth. Georgia Avenue carries a substantial volume of traffic through the town, from these areas to the north into Montgomery County and Washington, D.C. In 1966, county planning officials recommended that a bypass be built to carry commuters around the town. The project was under construction as of 2022.

Brookeville is an affluent residential community, with a large portion of residents employed with the government or related professional jobs. The town is governed by a three-person town commission, while surrounding unincorporated areas are administered by the county. Historically, the Brookeville Academy was an important educational institution for the community. In 1883, Sherwood High School opened as a Friends school and became a public school in 1909, serving Brookeville and other nearby areas.

History
Quakers Richard Thomas and his wife Deborah Brooke founded the town of Brookeville in 1794, and named it after her family. The town was established on land inherited by Deborah Brooke from her father Roger Brooke IV, son of an influential Quaker landholder, James Brooke. At the time, Brooke was the largest landholder in what would become Montgomery County. Thomas set up a mill, along the Reddy Branch, which forms the northern border of the town. Caleb Bentley opened a store and a post office in 1802, becoming the first postmaster of Brookeville. The town's charter was approved in 1808, though not formally issued until 1890.

Brookeville served as a market town for the agriculture industry in the surrounding area. During the 19th century, Brookeville was home to several mills, the Brookeville Academy (initially a boys' school), a post office, a blacksmith's shop, St. Luke's Episcopal Church, Salem Methodist Protestant Church, and a number of shops. Newlin's Mill, located on the west side of town, processed high-quality castor oil and ground limestone for plaster. Thomas Mill was located on the east side of town. To transport goods more easily to markets in Washington, D.C., a prosperous farmer established a company in 1849 to build a toll road to connect Brookeville to the Seventh Street Pike. The turnpike was sold to the state of Maryland in 1914, and later became Georgia Avenue, now Maryland Route 97.

Brookeville was home to Thomas Moore Jr., who along with Caleb Bentley was instrumental in the creation of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Moore is also credited as the inventor of the first refrigerator, and coining the term. He created a portable contraption to transport butter and other products to sell at markets in Washington. His products commanded a high price, due to the extra freshness of the products at the market. Moore lived near the town, at Longwood Manor, which was built in 1817.

War of 1812
During the War of 1812, when the British burned parts of Washington, D.C., the federal government and troops fled the capital. President James Madison first fled to Virginia, but then turned north. He arrived in Rockville at 6 p.m. on August 26, 1814, expecting to find General William H. Winder and his troops. They had already proceeded on towards Baltimore, however. Madison continued eastward and arrived in Brookeville on horseback. He reportedly carried with him a strongbox, which contained the entire U.S. treasury. On the night of August 26, he stayed in the home of Caleb Bentley, whose wife Henrietta Thomas was close friends with Dolley Madison.

Madison stayed up all night, dispatching orders, while soldiers remained on guard outside. After the British left Washington, they sailed to nearby Baltimore, where they attacked Fort McHenry and were repulsed. Upon hearing that news, Madison returned to Washington. Madison wrote a note to his wife that morning.

"Finding that our army has left Montgomery Court House, we pushed on to this place, with a view to join it, or proceed to the city, as further information might prescribe. I have just received a line from Col. Monroe saying that the enemy were out of Washington on the retreat to their ships and advising our immediate return to Washington. I know not where we are in the first instance to hide our heads; but shall look for a place on my arrival."

- James Madison

Late 19th century
The Oakley Farm, located on the western edge of Brookeville, thrived during the 18th and 19th centuries. Log cabins, dating from the 1820s, were built on the Oakley/Dorsey farm, to house slaves and later free black families. The Oakley Cabin is now maintained by the Montgomery County Department of Parks. A number of other 18th and 19th century cabins still exist on private property in the Brookeville area.

During the American Civil War, George B. McClellan sent Union troops (the First and Ninth Corps) through Brookeville, on their way to Antietam. This was one of three groups of troops that came from different directions towards Antietam. The Quakers played an instrumental role in aiding escaped slaves on the Underground Railroad. Nearby Sandy Spring was an important stop. Historians suggest that the Madison House was also used as a stop on the Underground Railroad during the Civil War. Part of the Madison House once served as the town's post office. A false stone wall in the room hid a staircase that descended in two directions, including into a hidden area in the basement where escaped slaves could hide.

20th century
In 1910, the Salem United Methodist Church was built to replace a church that had been destroyed by fire, and the church cemetery has been there since the mid-19th century. By 1900, the mills and shops had shut down, and Brookeville remained a residential town. In 1915, the Bentley family sold the Madison House to Roger Brooke, a leader of the Quaker community. The house later changed hands, owned for some time by Elisha Hall, a principal at the Brookeville Academy, banker Remus Riggs, and Gene Archer, an NBC television personality.

The automobile gave people more mobility and changed the market, with the nearby town of Olney taking prominence over Brookeville. Since the 1950s, Olney has rapidly developed, putting pressure on Brookeville. The Brookeville Historic District was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. Brookeville's historic designation has helped it retain historic character.

Geography
Brookeville is located in northeastern Montgomery County, Maryland, 3 mi west of the Patuxent River and the Howard County border. The town is 2 mi north of Olney and 20 mi north of downtown Washington, D.C. The Town of Brookeville is formally incorporated, and covers an area of 0.1 sqmi. Areas beyond the formal town boundaries, extending to the Howard County boundary, use Brookeville mailing addresses, falling within the 20833 ZIP Code. Located within the ZIP Code are the small hamlets of Sunshine and Brighton. Georgia Avenue (Maryland Route 97), which is a major north–south route through this part of Maryland, passes through the town. Brookeville Road connects the town with Laytonsville and other areas to the west. Brighton Dam Road extends to the east, crossing New Hampshire Avenue (Maryland Route 650), then the Patuxent River, and into Howard County.

Georgia Avenue, which begins in Washington, D.C., is a two-lane road when it passes through Brookeville, with a stop sign and tight turn that takes it through the historic district. In 1989, the road carried 8,000 vehicles daily, a number which had increased to 18,000 vehicles each weekday as of 2007. The traffic mainly consists of commuters from Carroll County and Howard County. The traffic volume on Georgia Avenue is more than the road was designed to handle. Brookeville residents have advocated for a bypass road to be constructed, to take traffic around the town. The bypass road around the town was in the planning stages for some time, since being recommended by county planning officials in 1966. The bypass road will include two roundabouts, one on either side of the town. The project was under construction as of May 2019 and was nearly complete by the fall of 2022. Reddy Branch flows along the northern and eastern edges of the town. It is a tributary of the Hawlings River, which flows east to the Patuxent River downstream from the Triadelphia Reservoir. Reddy Branch Stream Valley Park is located along Brookeville Road, to the west of the town, and to the east along Brighton Dam Road. Hawling Hills Park and Patuxent River State Park are located along New Hampshire Avenue, north of Ashton and to the east of Brookeville. Patuxent River State Park is used for hunting, fishing, hiking and horseback riding. Rachel Carson Conservation Park, located to the north, is undeveloped and has a number of hiking trails. The Triadelphia Reservoir, created by the Brighton Dam, is located on the Patuxent River. The Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission maintains 6000 acre, in and around the reservoir, which are open to the public for recreational purposes. The reservoir is a popular recreation spot that is suitable for fishing, kayaking, and other activities. Mount Zion Park is a small park with playgrounds, ball fields, tennis courts, and picnic facilities. Within the town limits, Powers' Woods Park is a new 2 acre park that is slated to be located near a recently restored one-room schoolhouse.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Brookeville has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

Demographics
As of the 2000 census, the town had a population of 120; there were 44 households, out of which 38.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.3% were married couples living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.8% were non-families. 18.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The population density was 933.6 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.50% White, 0.83% from other races, and 1.67% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.50% of the population. The median age was 39 years. The median income for a household in the town was $88,629, and the median income for a family was $93,444. The per capita income for the town was $43,483. There were 7.1% of families and 5.5% of the population living below the poverty line.

The larger area defined as Brookeville by the postal service, within the 20833 ZIP Code, has a population of 6,259 as of the 2000 census. The median age is 37.5, and the racial composition is 84.1% Caucasian, 6.7% African-American, 6% Asian, and 3.6% Hispanic. The Brookeville area has a very high rate of home ownership, with 93.3% of its 2,063 households owning homes, which compares to a national average of 66.2% for home ownership. A large portion of the homes in Brookeville were built during the 1990s, as well as a large number built in the 1970s. As reported in the 2000 census, 30% of homes within the Brookeville ZIP Code were built during the 1990s, 15.6% during the 1980s, 35.6% in the 1970s, 13% between 1940 and 1970, and 5.7% before 1940. 54% of the population had moved into their homes during the 1990s, 22.9% in the 1980s, 17.5% in the 1970s, and 5.6% have lived in the same home since before 1970. The median purchase price for homes in the Brookeville area in 2006 was $546,500, which compares to $475,000 for all of Montgomery County, and $243,750 for the entire United States.

The population in the Brookeville area is well-educated, with 57.6% of those age 25 or older having a college education, which compares to the national average of 24.4%. The median household income is $103,879, compared to a national average of $41,994. Per capita income is $40,540 compared to $21,587 for all of the United States. 76.2% of the population over age 16 is in the labor force. Average commuting time is 35.9 minutes, with 84.1% driving alone, 9% carpooling, 2.3% using public transportation, and 3.1% working at home. Most people are employed in management, professional, and related occupations, with 59.5% in those types of jobs. 19.3% are employed in sales and office occupations, 10.7% in service occupations, 5.7 in construction, extraction, and maintenance occupations, and 4.9% in production, transportation, and material moving occupations. 24.4% of those in the labor force are government workers.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 134 people, 54 households, and 38 families residing in the town. The population density was 1116.7 PD/sqmi. There were 57 housing units at an average density of 475.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 88.8% White, 1.5% Asian, 4.5% from other races, and 5.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11.2% of the population.

There were 54 households, of which 33.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.7% were married couples living together, 1.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 1.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 29.6% were non-families. 22.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.95.

The median age in the town was 46.3 years. 22.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.9% were from 25 to 44; 38% were from 45 to 64; and 14.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 53.7% male and 46.3% female.

Government
Brookeville was incorporated as a town in 1808 and the charter formally issued in 1890. Town commissioners oversee the government, handling street maintenance and other matters, as well as town planning. The town adopted a Historic Preservation Ordinance in 1986, which guides town planning and restricts development within the town. The town commission consists of three members, who are elected for two-year terms. Michael Acierno was elected in May 2007 as president of the Brookeville Town Commission. Brookeville is represented in the Maryland House of Delegates by District 14 representatives, Anne Kaiser (D), Pamela E. Queen (D), and Bernice Mireku-North (D). Craig Zucker (D) represents Brookeville in the Maryland State Senate. Brookeville is located in Maryland's 8th congressional district, which is represented in the United States Congress by Jamie Raskin (D).

Education
The Brookeville Academy, a preparatory school established in 1814, was one of the first schools in the county. Among those educated at the Academy, include Dr. Henry Howard, who established Howard County, and William Edward Magruder, great-grandson of Colonel Zadok Magruder. In 1869, the Brookeville Academy relocated to Merrywood, located on nearby farmland outside of town. The original building has since been used as a meeting facility by the American Legion and other organizations. On June 2, 1909, the Public School Board took over running the school. In 1988, the original building was sold to the Town of Brookeville, which maintains the building as a historic site and use for events.

The Longwood School for Boys was a private school that was established in 1946 by George F. Kimmell, who had bought Longwood Manor. In 1952, Kimmell leased the school facilities to the Civil Defense Administration, which used it for military training. The school was vacated in 1963, and remained vacant until 1978, when it was converted into a community recreation center. The Longwood Recreation Center is run by the Montgomery County Recreation Department.

Brookeville is now part of the Montgomery County Public Schools system, and is served by Sherwood High School, which first opened in 1883 as a Friends school and became a public school in 1909. Most of Brookeville, including the town proper, is located in the service area for Rosa Parks Middle School and Greenwood Elementary School. Some areas, bordering Howard County, are located the service area for William H. Farquhar Middle School and Sherwood Elementary School. Up until 1992, when Rosa Parks Middle School opened, all of Brookeville was within the Farquhar service area.

Transportation
Maryland Route 97 is the only state highway serving Brookeville directly. MD 97 follows High Street and Market Street within the town limits, becoming known as Georgia Avenue outside of town both to the north and south. After departing Brookeville, MD 97 heads north 10 mi to a junction with Interstate 70 and U.S. Route 40 on its way to Westminster, while 12 mi to the south, it intersects Interstate 495 before ending at U.S. Route 29 just outside of Washington, D.C. The name "Georgia Avenue" follows US 29 south into the city.

Notable people

 * Patrick D. Gallagher (born 1969), chancellor of the University of Pittsburgh; resided in Brookville for 20 years while working at NIST
 * Karen S. Montgomery (born 1935), former member of the Maryland State Senate; resides in Brookeville
 * Scott Van Pelt (born 1967), sportscaster for ESPN; born in Brookeville
 * Craig Zucker (born 1975), member of the Maryland State Senate; resides in Brookeville

title: Brookeville, Maryland


text:
Brookmont, Maryland

Brookmont is a census-designated place and unincorporated area in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 3,751. Brookmont is often considered part of neighboring Bethesda because it falls within Bethesda's 20816 zip code.

History
Prior to the passage of the Fair Housing Act of 1968, racial covenants were used in Brookmont to exclude African Americans. A 1925 deed for a property owned by A. J. Watkins Realty Corporation said that "At no time shall the above described lot, or any part thereof, or any building thereon be sold, leased or transferred to, or occupied by any negro or person of negro descent. This provision, however, not to include occupancy by servants or any employee of owner or occupant of said lot."

Geography
As an unincorporated area, Brookmont's boundaries are not officially defined. Brookmont is, however, recognized by the United States Census Bureau as a census-designated place, and by the United States Geological Survey as a populated place located at 38.95583°N, -77.12722°W (38.955810, −77.127094). Brookmont occupies the southernmost point in Montgomery County and is bordered to the southeast by the District of Columbia and to the southwest, across the Potomac River, by McLean in Fairfax County, Virginia. Brookmont is bordered to the east and north by Bethesda and to the northwest by Cabin John. The village of Glen Echo also borders the northern part of Brookmont.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the Brookmont CDP has a total area of 1.97 sqmi, of which 1.31 sqmi are land and 0.66 sqmi, or 33.59%, are water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,202 people, 1,194 households, and 920 families residing in the area as defined by the Census Bureau. The population density was 2,361.7 PD/sqmi. There were 1,224 housing units at an average density of 902.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the area was 92.35% White, 1.66% African American, 0.31% Native American, 3.72% Asian, 0.44% from other races, and 1.53% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.97% of the population.

There were 1,194 households, out of which 37.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.4% were married couples living together, 5.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.9% were non-families. 16.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the area, the population was spread out, with 25.8% under the age of 18, 3.4% from 18 to 24, 23.4% from 25 to 44, 31.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.5 males.

The median income for a household in the area was $138,492, and the median income for a family was $150,000. Males had a median income of $94,066 versus $57,167 for females. The per capita income for the area was $66,465. About 0.9% of families and 1.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under the age of eighteen or sixty-five or over.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Brookmont, Maryland


text:
Burtonsville, Maryland

Burtonsville is a census-designated place and an unincorporated area in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. It is situated in the northeast corner of Montgomery County, right on the border of both Howard and Prince George's counties. It is considered a suburban town in the Washington D.C. Metro Area.

It is 20 miles southwest of downtown Baltimore, 16 miles north of downtown Washington D.C., and 25 miles from Annapolis. Burtonsville recorded a population of 9,498 as of the 2020 census.

History
In colonial times, the area was referred to as the Patuxent Hundred and later the Eastern Branch Hundred, a community comprising approximately 100 inhabitants. Prince George's County Court recorded that on September 27, 1699, Thomas Wells and Thomas Pindell were appointed to be the overseers of Patuxant Hundred. Among some of the earliest land grants are Maiden's Fancy, a 580 acre tract surveyed for Neal Clark in 1700, and Bear Bacon nearby, a 600 acre tract of land surveyed in 1703 for a Mark Richardson. Another prominent land holder was Richard Snowden, an iron master, who held various land patents in the area, including Snowdens Manor (surveyed 1715) consisting of an impressive 9265 acre and Snowdens Mill (surveyed 1723) occupying an additional 546 acre. From these larger tracts, among others, were carved smaller tracts of land which were either rented or sold off to planters and the like.

The community of Burtonsville, originally called Burton's, takes its name from Isaac Burton, who in 1825 bought out his siblings' shares of his father's land and became the major landowner in the area. He and his wife Keturah had 17 children, many of whom stayed in the area as adults. The community itself grew around the intersection of Old Columbia Pike and the road to Sandy Spring. In the 1850s Isaac Burton became the first postmaster of the newly established post office in the vicinity, which operated out of his store at the intersection. Burtonsville's core area today continues to center around the intersection of Maryland Route 198 and U.S. Route 29.

Geography
As an unincorporated area, Burtonsville's boundaries are not officially defined. Burtonsville is, however, recognized by the United States Census Bureau and by the United States Geological Survey as a census-designated place.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the place has a total area of 8.0 sqmi, of which 7.8 sqmi is land and 0.2 square mile (0.4 km$2$, or 1.88%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2020, there were 9,498 people, and 3,082 households in the area. The population density was 1,211.9 PD/sqmi.

The racial makeup of the area was 24.7% White, 37.5% African American, 0.7% Native American, 25.6% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, and 7.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11.2% of the population.

In 2020, There were 3,082 households, 75% were married couples living together, 12% had a female householder with no husband present, and 9% were non-families. 16.4% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 3.34.

In the area, the population was 23.2% under the age of 18, and 13.4% who were 65 years of age or older. Females make up 46.4% of the population.

The median income for a household in the area was $138,416, and the median income for a family was $94,991. The per capita income for the area was $48,711. About 3.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.6% of those under age 18 and 3.4% of those age 65 or over.

Transportation
Burtonsville is a public transport friendly town. It has over 10 Metro bus stops throughout the town. Residents take advantage of this bus service frequently. The town is also home to the Burtonsville Park & Ride, a large Metro and Charter bus stop/parking lot conveniently located right off of U.S. Route 29 going southbound.

Nearby airports
There are 3 major airports located within one hour driving:
 * Baltimore–Washington International Airport (BWI), 18 miles
 * Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (Reagan), 28 miles
 * Washington Dulles International Airport (Dulles), 37 miles

Major highways & roads

 * Intercounty Connector (MD 200)
 * U.S. Route 29
 * Maryland Route 198
 * Maryland Route 28, westbound toward Rockville, MD
 * Interstate 95, 4 miles east
 * Interstate 495 (Capital Beltway), 9 miles via U.S. Route 29 South

Neighborhoods
Burtonsville is broken up into many distinct neighborhoods:
 * McKnew (McKnew Road, right off of Maryland Route 198)
 * Blackburn (right off of U.S. Route 29)
 * Greencastle
 * Country Place
 * Briarcliff
 * Lion's Den
 * Dustin Road
 * Perrywood Estates
 * Peach Orchard
 * Riding Stable
 * Kruhm Road
 * Dino Drive

Culture
Burtonsville holds an annual "Burtonsville Day", a celebration that includes a parade, festival, craft fair, games for children, live bands, entertainment, and food. The event involves many small social gatherings at different places, with activities such as petting zoos and various games. Burtonsville Cars and Coffee, dubbed "The Church Of The Holy Donut" is an informal gathering of car enthusiasts who meet every Sunday to display all types of vehicles from classic cars to current, stylized automobiles. One prominent society is the Burtonsville Lions Club, an international group that is a focal point for community service in Burtonsville and surrounding communities.

Education
Burtonsville has three public schools that are part of the Montgomery County Public Schools System. All three schools are located on the same road, Old Columbia Pike.
 * Paint Branch High School
 * Benjamin Banneker Middle School
 * Burtonsville Elementary School

title: Burtonsville, Maryland


text:
Cabin John, Maryland

Cabin John is a census-designated place and unincorporated area in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 2,459. Overlooking the Potomac River, it is a suburb of Washington, D.C.

History
Early land records in 1715 cite Captain John's Run, now Cabin John Creek. The toponym "Cabin John" is thought to be a corruption of the name "Captain John", but the origin of the name remains unresolved.

Cabin John is the location of the Union Arch Bridge, built between 1857 and 1864 over Cabin John Creek; at the time of its completion, the bridge embodied the longest single-span masonry arch in the world and remains the longest in the United States. Immediately adjacent to the west end of the Union Arch Bridge, overlooking the Potomac River, was the historic Cabin John Bridge Hotel. Originally a refreshment stand and boarding house for bridge workers, it grew into "a sumptuous establishment frequented by the most powerful politicians and important social figures of Washington, D.C." In its heydays of the 1890s to early 1900s, "the hotel was so lavish and became so important a destination for Washingtonians that The Washington Post reported about it regularly."

It was connected by streetcar to Georgetown from 1897 to the 1930s and from Bethesda from about 1900.

Bordering Cabin John to the west is Carderock, where in 1936–1939 the Navy built the David Taylor Model Basin, one of the largest test facilities for ship design in the world. The test basin facility was originally planned for Cabin John, but instead the original 19.27 acre site, bought from Mary Ellen Bobinger, widow of the owner of the Cabin John Hotel, was used to build housing for workmen. "The Navy had 125 homes constructed… 100 for white workers and 25 for black." The homes were in two small neighborhoods, Cabin John Gardens, off MacArthur Boulevard, and Carver Road, off Seven Locks Road. The Cabin John Gardens homes were constructed on the site of the former hotel and sold by the government to employees, with the land itself held as a cooperative—the only single-family development of its kind in the county. Carver Road homes were located about 1/3 of a mile to the northwest and originally rented out for $28 a month. "Of the families who moved there, many are still there, as adult children and grandchildren stayed on."

Before the passage of the Fair Housing Act of 1968, racial covenants were used to exclude African Americans and other people of color. For example, a 1924 deed for a property owned by the American Land Company, Inc., of J. S. Tomlinson said, "That no part of said property shall be sold leased, rented or deed to any person or persons of the negro race or other persons of color."

Geography
Cabin John is in southern Montgomery County, less than 4 mi northwest of the border of the District of Columbia, and bordered to the south by the Potomac River and the state of Virginia. It contains a section of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal (C&O), including locks 8 through 12. The community is the access point to Plummers Island in the Potomac, originally owned by the Washington Biologists' Field Club and called "the most thoroughly studied island in North America."

As an unincorporated area, Cabin John's boundaries are not officially defined. Cabin John is, however, recognized by the United States Census Bureau as a census-designated place, and by the United States Geological Survey as a populated place located at 38.975°N, -77.15917°W (38.975110, −77.159281). The CDP borders are the Capital Beltway (I-495) to the west and north, Cabin John Parkway to the northeast, and the Maryland–Virginia state line to the south, along the south shore of the Potomac River. The Clara Barton Parkway parallels the Potomac and the C&O Canal, leading southeast into Washington. Downtown is 9 mi to the southeast.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the Cabin John CDP has a total area of 1.64 sqmi, of which 1.22 sqmi are land and 0.42 sqmi, or 26.51%, are water.

Before the construction of the Cabin John Parkway in the mid-1960s, the area was considered to extend north to River Road (Maryland Route 190). The Cabin John Parkway is a spur road that connects the Clara Barton Parkway to the Capital Beltway following the Cabin John Creek valley and passing under the Union Arch Bridge. Originally, the banks of the creek nearly reached the full width of the arch, but the parkway required about half the creek's width be converted into roadway.

Historically, Cabin John has been part of the region known as the Potomac Gorge (Potomac Palisades), an approximately 15 mi corridor or "fall zone" that sees a transition between the hard bedrock of the Piedmont to the softer rocks and soils of the Atlantic Coastal Plain and representing a drop in elevation from 140 ft to about 10 ft above sea level.

Demographics
At the 2000 census there were 1,734 people, 668 households, and 464 families residing in the area. The population density was 1,762.4 PD/sqmi. There were 688 housing units at an average density of 699.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the area was 85.01% White, 3.63% African American, 0.23% Native American, 8.77% Asian, 0.46% from other races, and 1.90% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.71%.

Of the 668 households 36.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.9% were married couples living together, 5.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.5% were non-families. 24.3% of households were one person and 8.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.11.

The age distribution was 25.8% under the age of 18, 4.7% from 18 to 24, 25.3% from 25 to 44, 34.9% from 45 to 64, and 9.3% 65 or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.0 males.

The median household income was $95,692 and the median family income was $125,493. Males had a median income of $84,112 versus $64,271 for females. The per capita income for the area was $52,401. None of the families and 2.4% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no one under age eighteen and 11.3% of those over 64.

title: Cabin John, Maryland


text:
Chevy Chase Section Five, Maryland

Chevy Chase Section Five is an incorporated village in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. The population was 672 at the 2020 census.

It is part of a larger community, colloquially referred to as Chevy Chase, that includes several adjoining settlements in Montgomery County and one neighborhood of Washington, D.C.

History
In 1922, the Maryland state legislature established the area as a special taxing district called Section Five of the Village of Chevy Chase. State law prohibited "riotous conduct, profanity, [and] vulgar language" within its bounds.

On May 18, 1982, a referendum was held on whether to incorporate as a village. The vote was in favor of incorporation.

Geography
Chevy Chase Section Five is located at 38.98306°N, -77.07472°W (38.983060, -77.074786).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.10 sqmi, all land.

Home prices in Chevy Chase Section Five range from just under $1,000,000 to well over $2,000,000.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 658 people, 222 households, and 191 families living in the village. The population density was 6580.0 PD/sqmi. There were 226 housing units at an average density of 2260.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 95.6% White, 3.3% Hispanic or Latino of any race, 2.1% Asian, 1.8% from two or more races, 0.2% African American and 0.3% from other races.

There were 222 households, of which 45.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 78.4% were married couples living together, 4.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 14.0% were non-families. 13.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.96 and the average family size was 3.24.

The median age in the village was 44 years. 31.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 17% were from 25 to 44; 34.6% were from 45 to 64; and 12.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 46.7% male and 53.3% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 641 people, 224 households, and 189 families living in the village. The population density was 6,114.6 PD/sqmi. There were 228 housing units at an average density of 2,174.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 95.94% White, 0.16% African American, 1.25% Asian, 2.03% from other races, and 0.62% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.90% of the population.

There were 224 households, out of which 48.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 76.8% were married couples living together, 5.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 15.6% were non-families. 13.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.86 and the average family size was 3.12.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 30.1% under the age of 18, 3.3% from 18 to 24, 21.8% from 25 to 44, 30.3% from 45 to 64, and 14.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.8 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $153,626, and the median income for a family was $168,664. Males had a median income of $100,000 versus $80,000 for females. The per capita income for the village was $70,372. None of the families and 0.5% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and none of those over 64.

Transportation
The only state highway serving Chevy Chase Section Five is Maryland Route 186 (Brookville Road). Maryland Route 185 (Connecticut Avenue) passes just west of the village.

Education
Residents are served by schools in the Montgomery County Public Schools.

Residents are zoned to Rosemary Hills Elementary School (PreK-2), Chevy Chase Elementary School (3-6), Silver Creek Middle School, and Bethesda-Chevy Chase High School.

title: Chevy Chase Section Five, Maryland


text:
Chevy Chase Section Three, Maryland

Chevy Chase Section Three is a village in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. It was organized as a special tax district in 1916 and incorporated as a village in 1982. The population was 802 at the 2020 census.

It is part of a larger community, colloquially referred to as Chevy Chase, that includes several adjoining settlements in Montgomery County and one neighborhood of Washington, D.C.

Geography
Chevy Chase Section Three is located in southern Montgomery County at 38.97917°N, -77.07306°W (38.979043, -77.072948). It is bordered by the town of Chevy Chase to the west, Chevy Chase Section Five to the north, Martin's Additions to the east, and Chevy Chase Village to the south. It is less than one mile northwest of the border with the District of Columbia and 5 mi northwest of downtown Washington.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the village has an area of 0.12 sqmi, all land. The town is in the watershed of Rock Creek. There are 280 residential lots in Section 3, and the village also contains the Chevy Chase United Methodist Church.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, 760 people resided in the village. The population density was 6333.3 PD/sqmi. There were 278 housing units at an average density of 2316.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 92.1% White, 1.3% African American, 0.1% Native American, 2.6% Asian, 0.7% from other races, and 3.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.9% of the population.

There were 271 households, of which 41.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 73.4% were married couples living together, 7.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 1.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 17.7% were non-families. The average household size was 2.80; but 15.5% consisted of one person, and 9.5% of one person 65 years of age or older.

The population included 223 families whose average size was 3.11.

The median age in the village was 43.8 years. 28.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 18.7% were from 25 to 44; 28.2% were from 45 to 64; and 20.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 47.0% male and 53.0% female.

2000 census
At the 2000 census, the median household income was $150,000, and the median family income was $162,659. Males had a median income of $100,000 versus $60,313 for females. The per capita income for the village was $76,392. About 0.9% of families and 1.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under the age of eighteen or sixty-five or over.

Law and government
Chevy Chase Section Three has a five-member village council elected by the residents. The village also falls under the jurisdiction of the Montgomery County Council.

Education
Residents are served by the Montgomery County Public Schools. Residents are zoned to Rosemary Hills Elementary School (PreK-2) Chevy Chase Elementary School (3-5), Silver Creek Middle School and Bethesda-Chevy Chase High School.

Transportation
Maryland Route 186 (Brookville Road) which traverses the east edge of the village from south to north. Maryland Route 185 (Connecticut Avenue) follows the west edge of the village corporate limits in a similar orientation.

title: Chevy Chase Section Three, Maryland


text:
Chevy Chase View, Maryland

Chevy Chase View is a town in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. Established as a Special Tax District in 1924, the town was formally incorporated on October 28, 1993. The population was 1,005 at the 2020 census.

History
The origins of the town date to April 18, 1910, when a "Plat of Chevy Chase View" was recorded. Real estate developer Claude Livingstone designed the community the previous year and then conveyed it to Harry E. Smith and John L. Whitmore. Livingstone's design, except for a few minor street changes, has remained largely the same since. In 1924, a special tax district was formed.

On August 3, 1993, the Montgomery County Council unanimously voted to allow residents to vote on whether to incorporate as a town. Residents voted in favor of incorporation in a referendum held on September 21, 1993. The Montgomery County Council certified the results of the referendum, effective October 28, 1993.

Geography
Chevy Chase View is located in southern Montgomery County. It is bordered to the north by the town of Kensington and on all other sides by the unincorporated area of South Kensington. It is 2 mi north of the cluster of communities knowns as Chevy Chase.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.27 sqmi, all land.

The town is bisected by Connecticut Avenue, and the Capital Beltway passes 1 mi to the south. Silver Spring is 4 mi to the east, Garrett Park is 2 mi to the northwest, and Bethesda is 3 mi to the southwest. To the south are Rock Creek Stream Valley Park and North Chevy Chase.

Except for the three houses of worship within its bounds, Chevy Chase View is entirely residential. Its streets are lined by hundred-year-old oaks, maples, and evergreens, plus decorative plantings which the town maintains in its right-of-ways. Housing turnover is slow.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 920 people, 298 households, and 250 families living in the town. The population density was 3285.7 PD/sqmi. There were 311 housing units at an average density of 1110.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 94.3% White, 2.2% African American, 0.1% Native American, 2.0% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, and 1.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.0% of the population.

There were 298 households, of which 42.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 76.5% were married couples living together, 6.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 1.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 16.1% were non-families. 13.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.09 and the average family size was 3.38.

The median age in the town was 44.1 years. 32% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 15.2% were from 25 to 44; 32% were from 45 to 64; and 16.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 48.5% male and 51.5% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 863 people, 303 households, and 232 families living in the town. The population density was 3,274.6 PD/sqmi. There were 306 housing units at an average density of 1,161.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 95.25% White, 2.43% Asian, 1.85% Hispanic or Latino, and 1.51% African- American.

There were 303 households, out of which 38.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 70.6% were married couples living together, 4.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.4% were non-families. 18.8% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.85 and the average family size was 3.29.

30.5% of residents were under the age of 18, 3.2% from 18 to 24, 20.0% from 25 to 44, 32.2% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years.

The median income for a household in the town was $120,828, and the median income for a family was $139,468. Males had a median income of $100,000 versus $77,899 for females. The per capita income for the town was $58,916. 1.1% of the population and 0.0% of families were below the poverty line.

Government
The town has a town council with a chairman and four councilmembers. The town council maintains its own website, and meets monthly to ensure the maintenance of Chevy Chase View's environment.

Education
Resident students are zoned to schools in the Montgomery County Public Schools district, more specifically to Rosemary Hills Elementary School (PreK–2), North Chevy Chase Elementary School (3–5), Silver Creek Middle School (6–8), and Bethesda-Chevy Chase High School (9–12).

Transportation
The main state highway serving Chevy Chase View is Maryland Route 185 (Connecticut Avenue). MD 185 has an interchange with the nearest Interstate highway, Interstate 495 (the Capital Beltway), just south of the town limits. MD 185 also provides direct access to Washington, D.C.

title: Chevy Chase View, Maryland


text:
Chevy Chase Village, Maryland

Chevy Chase Village is an incorporated municipality in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States, bordering Washington, D.C. The population was 2,049 as of the 2020 census. The town was the wealthiest in Maryland as of 2017, with a median income of over $250,000, the highest income bracket listed by the census bureau, and a median home value of $1,823,800.

Chevy Chase Village includes 727 housing units. It is known for its speed limit enforcement actions, which produce 24% of its annual revenue.

The suburb was created to be all-white; it remains overwhelmingly so more than a century later.

Chevy Chase Village is the location of the Chevy Chase Club, a private country club with an initiation fee of over $50,000.

History
In the 1890s, a real estate syndicate led by Francis G. Newlands bought more than 1,700 acres in upper Northwest D.C. and southern Montgomery County and began to develop a streetcar suburb he dubbed Chevy Chase.

Newlands' Chevy Chase Land Company divided the Maryland land into subdivisions; Sections 1, 1a, and 2 became known as the Village of Chevy Chase. In 1914, Village residents sought and received state sanction as a special taxing area. It was incorporated in 1951.

Geography
Chevy Chase Village is located along the southern edge of Montgomery County. It is bordered to the southeast by the Chevy Chase neighborhood of Washington, D.C., to the southwest by Friendship Heights Village, to the west by Somerset, to the northwest by the Chevy Chase Club, to the north by the town of Chevy Chase Section Three, and to the northeast by Martin's Additions.

The town has total area of 0.42 sqmi, all land. The town is in the Potomac River watershed, with the west part of the town draining to the Little Falls Branch, and the east part draining to a tributary of Rock Creek.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,953 people, 697 households, and 609 families living in the town. The population density was 4650.0 PD/sqmi. There were 726 housing units at an average density of 1728.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 95.9% White, 0.6% African American, 0.2% Native American, 1.6% Asian, 0.5% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.8% of the population.

There were 697 households, of which 36.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 82.2% were married couples living together, 3.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 1.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 12.6% were non-families. 11.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.80 and the average family size was 2.99.

The median age in the town was 49.1 years. 26.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 3.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 13.5% were from 25 to 44; 36.3% were from 45 to 64; and 20% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 48.5% male and 51.5% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,043 people, 704 households, and 601 families living in the town. The population density was 4,943.6 PD/sqmi. There were 718 housing units at an average density of 1,737.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 95.64% White, 0.69% African American, 1.62% Asian, 0.59% from other races, and 1.47% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.71% of the population.

There were 704 households, out of which 43.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 79.5% were married couples living together, 4.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 14.5% were non-families. 12.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.90 and the average family size was 3.11 people per household.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 29.0% under the age of 18, 4.0% from 18 to 24, 14.5% from 25 to 44, 38.2% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 46 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was in excess of $200,000, as is the median income for a family. Males had a median income of over $100,000 versus $76,067 for females. The per capita income for the town was $95,174. About 1.3% of families and 2.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.8% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

Government
The village is managed by a board of managers, which consists of seven elected officials.

The village has its own police department.

As of 2017, about 46% of the village's revenue came from income taxes, 20% from property taxes, and 24% from citations from speed limit enforcement along Connecticut Avenue, a commuter route that runs through the village.

Transportation
Two state highways run through Chevy Chase Village: Maryland Route 185 (Connecticut Avenue), which extends north past Interstate 495 (the Capital Beltway) and south to Washington, D.C.; and Maryland Route 186 (Brookville Road), a minor local connector that parallels MD 185 to the east.

Education
Chevy Chase Village is served by the Montgomery County Public Schools system.

Residents are zoned to Rosemary Hills Elementary School (PreK-2) (Unincorporated Montgomery County) and Chevy Chase Elementary School (3-6) (in the town of Chevy Chase). Some residents are zoned to Somerset Elementary School (K-5) (in Somerset, Maryland.

All residents are zoned to Westland Middle School and Bethesda-Chevy Chase High School, located in unincorporated Montgomery County.

Current residents

 * Ann Brashares - author
 * Marvin Kalb - journalist
 * Chris Matthews - commentator
 * Jerome Powell - chairman of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors
 * John Roberts - Chief Justice of the United States
 * Mark Shields - political columnist
 * George Will - commentator

Former residents

 * David Brinkley - journalist
 * Sandra Day O'Connor - United States Supreme Court justice; lived in Chevy Chase Village until 2005

title: Chevy Chase Village, Maryland


text:
Clarksburg, Maryland

Clarksburg is a census-designated place and an unincorporated area in northern Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. It is located at the northern end of the Interstate 270 technology corridor, approximately four miles north of Germantown. As of the 2020 census, Clarksburg had a population of 29,051.

History
Clarksburg is named for trader John Clarke, and was established at the intersection of the main road between Georgetown and Frederick and an old Seneca trail. One of its earliest white inhabitants was a man named Michael Ashford Dowden, who in 1752 received a patent for 40 acre from the colonial government called "Hammer Hill", and two years later permission to build an inn. The inn itself is a footnote in history, hosting the army of General Edward Braddock during the French and Indian War, serving as a meeting place for local Sons of Liberty in the years before the American Revolution, and possibly serving dinner to President Andrew Jackson on his way to his inauguration. Jamie, grandson of the trader, built a general store in the area around 1770, and over the next thirty years enough people moved to the area that Clark was appointed postmaster for the community. By 1875, Clarksburg was a major town in the northern part of the county, but the construction of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad undermined its economy.

In 1964, the Montgomery County planning commission decided that Clarksburg would be the last community along Interstate 270 that would have large-scale development. The Montgomery County Council adopted a master plan for Clarksburg in 1968, which rezoned land for a mix of townhouses and single-family houses. Another master plan was adopted in 1994. This master plan set forth the areas to be developed, with targets for housing, retail, employment and transit. A network of roads and infrastructure was mapped out to handle the growth expected as the town grew to 40,000 residents. The center of this plan is the Town Center District, which contains a retail area connected to the historic town business district. It was planned to be built early on, but had not broken ground by 2010, to the dismay of some residents. A Harris Teeter-anchored shopping center opened in 2013, and a large mall called Clarksburg Premium Outlets opened in October 2016. The shopping complex has over 90 stores and provides jobs for the region.

In June 2015, the Clarksburg Chamber of Commerce held a contest and chose a flag designed by Shaneea Peek. The inspiration of the flag was derived from Dowden's Ordinary which is a historic landmark of the community of Clarksburg.

Development
Since 2000, there has been major growth in the area of Clarksburg. A new town center is being built in the heart of Clarksburg, near the historic center. 2010 Census data showed that over 13,677 residents and 4,352 households resided in Clarksburg, which consisted of a diverse population with a high level of education attainment. Several public parks and schools have been built to help accommodate the growth.

Zoning violations
During the boom growth period it was discovered that some of the new houses were built closer together than the minimum distance required by zoning laws, with roads built too narrow for fire trucks to pass, and homes and community facilities built without adequate permits or approvals by the county government. This was found to be the fault of inadequate county oversight and lax enforcement of building codes and laws combined with a building boom in the early 2000s.

Environmental impacts
In April 2014, the Montgomery County Council set additional limits on development projects in order to protect the quality of nearby Tenmile Creek, a drinking water source and emergency water supply for the metropolitan Washington, D.C. area. Later that year, developers filed suit against the county, claiming that the county "illegally limited construction on its property." The U.S. District Court in Maryland dismissed the suit in August 2017. The district court's dismissal was affirmed by the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals on November 29, 2018.

Geography
As an unincorporated area, Clarksburg's boundaries are not officially defined. Clarksburg is, however, recognized by the United States Census Bureau as a census-designated place, and by the United States Geological Survey as a populated place.

According to the United States Census Bureau, it has a total area of 8.3 sqmi, of which 8.2 sqmi is land and 0.1 sqmi (1.82%) is water.

Roads in Clarksburg include MD 355, I-270, and MD 121.

Demographics
As of the 2010 census, there were 13,766 people and 4,352 households residing in the area. The population density was 1,667.9 PD/sqmi. The population is roughly 44.1% White, 14.7% African-American, 0.1% American Indian or Alaska Native, 33.6% Asian, 0.1% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, including 9.8% of the population Hispanic or Latino origin of any race.

In 2000 there were 604 households, out of which 42.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 72.0% were married couples living together, 6.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.5% were non-families. 13.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.04 and the average family size was 3.34.

In the area, the population was spread out, with 29.3% under the age of 18, 4.8% from 18 to 24, 29.7% from 25 to 44, 27.4% from 45 to 64, and 8.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.6 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $88,419, and the median income for a family was $91,216. Males had a median income of $63,125 versus $42,283 for females. The per capita income for the area was $33,174. About 3.4% of families and 4.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.3% of those under age 18 and 6.8% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The two newest schools, Little Bennett Elementary School and Clarksburg High School, have the largest increase of students, with Little Bennett at 71.4% above building capacity in the projections of 2011-2012. This has led to a moratorium in issuance of permits for new projects, but not issuance of permits in existing projects, for new homes in the Clarksburg area. The majority of planned housing units will be built in existing projects. All four of the largest neighborhoods are exempt from the moratorium.

Parks and recreation
Clarksburg has many local hiking trails, small playgrounds, and sport fields. There are local campgrounds and community pools. Parks in the area include Little Bennett Park, Black Hill Regional Park and Ridge Road Recreational Park. Multiple farms, private and public, serve production and tourism purposes.

Businesses and organizations
BrightFocus Foundation and Thales Communications are headquartered in Clarksburg. Local organizations include the Clarksburg Chamber of Commerce and Clarksburg Historical Society.

title: Clarksburg, Maryland


text:
Cloverly, Maryland

Cloverly is an unincorporated town and census-designated place in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. Its population was 15,285 as of the 2020 census.

Geography
As an unincorporated area, Cloverly's boundaries are not officially defined. Cloverly is, however, recognized by the United States Census Bureau as a census-designated place, and by the United States Geological Survey as a populated place.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the place has a total area of 3.9 sqmi, all land.

The commercial center of Cloverly lies at the intersection of New Hampshire Avenue (MD Route 650) and Briggs Chaney Road.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 7,835 people in 2,492 households, including 2,113 families, in the CDP. The population density was 2,004.7 PD/sqmi. There were 2,540 housing units at an average density of 649.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the area was 61.52% White, 19.13% African American, 0.40% Native American, 14.05% Asian, 1.98% from other races, and 2.92% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.13%.

Of the 2,492 households 43.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.4% were married couples living together, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 15.2% were non-families. 12.0% of households were one person and 3.6% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 3.14 and the average family size was 3.41.

The age distribution was 29.0% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 25.5% from 25 to 44, 29.2% from 45 to 64, and 8.9% 65 or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.3 males.

The median household income was $82,544 and the median family income was $88,370. Males had a median income of $51,377 versus $40,972 for females. The per capita income for the area was $31,123. About 2.5% of families and 3.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.6% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

Education
Montgomery County Public Schools operates public schools.

Public schools for the area include Cloverly Elementary (which lies in the town), Briggs Chaney Middle, and the three high schools of the Northeast Consortium: James Hubert Blake High School, Paint Branch High School, and Springbrook High School. Only Blake is within the Cloverly CDP.

title: Cloverly, Maryland


text:
Colesville, Maryland

Colesville is a census-designated place and an unincorporated area in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. It had a population of 15,421 as of the 2020 census.

Geography
As an unincorporated area, Colesville's boundaries are not officially defined. Many residents consider the town to be one of the many neighborhoods of Silver Spring. Colesville is recognized by USPS as an acceptable city name in two northeastern Montgomery County ZIP codes, with Silver Spring being the preferred city name. It is also recognized by the United States Census Bureau as a census-designated place, and by the United States Geological Survey as a populated place.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the place has a total area of 9.2 sqmi, all land.

Colesville's generally accepted boundaries extend between the Northwest and Paint Branches of the Anacostia River. Its northern and southern boundaries are not as well-defined, but are usually assumed to run from Springbrook High School in the south to Cloverly in the north.

History
The first land was purchased in Colesville from the Lords Baltimore in 1714, when Archibald Edmonston patented "Easy Purchase", a 900 acre tract that extended from Meadowood south to near present-day Route 29. In 1715, "Easy Purchase" was bought by James Beall Sr., who that year also patented "Drumeldry", a 225 acre tract from the Northwest Branch across Notley Road to Shannon Drive. In 1718, his nephew William Beall patented "Wolf's Den", a 317 acre tract that straddled today's Bonifant Road and ran from Notley Road to Pebblestone Drive, and then southwest across the Northwest Branch.

However, none of these early landowners actually resided in Colesville. Robert Lazenby, thought to be the son of Henry Lazenby, High Sheriff of Anne Arundel County, purchased 217 acre of the southern part of "Wolf's Den" from William Beall in 1723, and became the first resident farmer in Colesville.

In 1747, James Odell, grandson of James Beall Sr., was deeded 300 acre of a tract known as "Beal Christie" from his parents, and took to farming it. It was located east of today's New Hampshire Avenue near where it crosses Randolph Road.

In the 1790s, Peter Kemp built a saw and grist mill on Paint Branch where it is crossed by today's Randolph Road. The mill was rebuilt twice, and what is seen today in Valley Mill Park is the 1879 mill built by Franklin Pilling, which ceased to operate by 1930.

The earliest recorded use of the "Colesville" name was on January 25, 1806, when the General Assembly of Maryland changed the place of holding elections of the Fourth Election District of Montgomery County to "Edward Berry's, commonly called Coale's-Ville". It is unknown where this name came from, but it may have come from the maiden name of Elizabeth (Coale) Snowden, wife of Richard Snowden who was the owner of "Snowden's Manor" in nearby Sandy Spring and began living there in 1728. By 1824 the name was generally known as "Coalsville", and was sometimes referred to as such even as late as 1906.

The oldest standing house in Colesville is "Milimar" at 410 Randolph Road, which is in the National Register of Historic Places and was built around 1790. It is also known as "The Old Lazanby Home", but was probably built by Samuel and Mary Peach, who purchased the 164.5 acre tract it is on known as "Peaches Lot" from Evan Thomas shortly after he freed his slaves.

The New York Times reported that President Franklin Pierce purchased a farm of 600 acre in Colesville in 1855.

Joseph F. Burr started purchasing Colesville-area land in 1869. By 1872, he had amassed nearly 1000 acre and lived in a beautiful mansion on the property known as Valley View. The mansion was located on the north side of today's Randolph Road, on the site of today's Holy Family Seminary. Burr was a friend of President Grover Cleveland, who visited Valley View frequently.

An old house built in 1850 is still standing at 13910 Notley Road. It was used as a school by a Miss Laxbenny in the late 1800s and was known as "Drumeldra".

In 1927, the Smithville Colored School was founded in Colesville. It was one of sixteen schools for African Americans constructed in the county with financial assistance from the Julius Rosenwald Fund. It was closed in 1952 when all Montgomery County schools for "colored" children were consolidated.

Colesville United Methodist Church is located in Colesville, Maryland.

The Holy Family Seminary, headquarters of the American Delegation of the catholic order of the Sons of the Holy Family, is also located in Colesville, since 1946.

Colesville hosted the Strawberry Festival every May for over 25 years, ending in 2011. The festival was located at the corner of Hobbes Drive and New Hampshire Avenue. Vendors sold strawberries and ice cream, and volunteers organized carnival games for kids.

On February 6, 2010, Colesville had a record regional snowfall of 40 in.

Demographics

As of the 2010 United States Census, Colesville's population was 44.8% White, 28.3% African-American, 0.3% American Indian or Alaska Native, 16.1% Asian, 0.0% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, 6.6% from some other race and 3.9% from two or more races. 14.9% of the population was Hispanic or Latino (of any race). White Hispanics/Latinos and Hispanics/Latinos from some other race comprised 6.6% and 6.1% of Colesville's population, respectively. 38.2% of Colesville's residents are non-Hispanic White Americans, 27.7% are non-Hispanic African Americans and 16% are non-Hispanic Asian Americans.

As of 2010, Colesville's Hispanic and Latino population was 46% Central American, 35% being of Salvadoran descent and 6% being of Guatemalan descent. 21% of Colesville's Hispanic/Latino population was of South American descent (6% were Peruvian), 8% were of Mexican descent, 6% were of Peruvian descent, 5% were of Puerto Rican descent, 4% were of Cuban descent, 3% were of Dominican descent, and 3% were of Spaniard descent.

As of the US census of 2000, there were 19,810 people, 6,525 households, and 5,526 families residing in the area. The population density was 2,144.4 PD/sqmi. There were 6,615 housing units at an average density of 716.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the area was 55.33% White, 22.25% African American, 0.23% Native American, 17.93% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.52% from other races, and 2.72% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.79% of the population. 9% of Colesville's residents were German, 9% Irish, 8% English, 5% Korean, 4% Indian, 4% Italian, 4% Chinese, 4% Polish, 3% Russian, 2% Subsaharan African, 2% West Indian and 2% Vietnamese. People of Greek, Filipino, Scottish, Scotch-Irish, Arab, Swedish, French, Central American, Nigerian, South American, Dutch, Jamaican, Salvadoran, Iranian, Pakistani, Norwegian and Cambodian descent each comprise 1% of the population.

There were 6,525 households, out of which 37.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 73.1% were married couples living together, 9.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 15.3% were non-families. 12.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.02 and the average family size was 3.28.

In the area the population was spread out, with 25.1% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 23.0% from 25 to 44, 31.5% from 45 to 64, and 13.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.7 males.

The median income for a household (2016) in the immediate area (one mile radius of Randolph Rd & New Hampshire Ave is $135,397 (pop. 9149) and $115,604 for a three-mile radius from town center (pop.90,801).

title: Colesville, Maryland


text:
Damascus, Maryland

Damascus is a census-designated place and an unincorporated area in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. In the early 20th century, there existed an incorporated municipality lasting a quarter century. It had a population of 17,224 as of the 2020 census. Damascus is located at the intersection of two major roads in upper Montgomery County: Ridge Road (currently Rt. 27) and Damascus Road (currently Rt. 108).

Etymology
The name was first used in an official document in 1816, when the United States Congress approved a postal route through the area, operated by Edward Hughes.

History
The area currently known as Damascus was granted by the new U.S. state of Maryland to Nathaniel Pigman in 1783. On February 14, 1819, War of 1812 veteran Edward Hughes bought a 40 acre section of the grant and began subdividing lots for sale. James Madison, the fourth U.S. president, appointed Hughes postmaster of the developing community of Damascus in 1816. Hughes received permission from Congress for a postal route through the town. Hughes called his town "The Pleasant Plains of Damascus" after Damascus, Syria. A newspaper in Frederick wrote of Hughes's growing town: "There is at this place an extensive opening for mechanics of all the different kinds, and it bids fair to improve very fast; ... There is at present two blacksmith shops, a saddler's shop and a store in the place -- a tailor, a wheel wright, and a shoemaker are much wanted, and would meet with great encouragement." This was the Damascus of 1816. The new township drew settlers from Anne Arundel County as well as from Montgomery County. On September 12, 1862, U.S. Army troops marched through the "village" of Damascus via what is now Route 27 on their way to the town of Sharpsburg, where they engaged Confederate troops commanded by General Robert E. Lee at the Battle of Antietam.

The town was incorporated from 1890 until 1914, when the townspeople requested the incorporation be withdrawn so that Old Quaker Road, used since Revolutionary times and before, could be paved into a state highway. The town remains a commercial center for rural communities like Clagettsville, Browningsville, Cedar Grove, Woodfield, King's Valley, Purdum, and Lewisdale, although it is more developed today.

In spite of spiraling population growth and encroaching urban development, old-timers feel like Damascus retains its rural, small-town character. The Damascus Community Fair—a fully agricultural fair that has been in operation since 1940—attracts thousands of visitors annually in the first weekend of September. 4-H clubs and equestrian centers have retained their popularity in the area.

November 17, 2009, marked the grand opening of the Damascus Heritage Society Museum.

Damascus was Maryland's last dry town until 2013, when townspeople passed a bill by referendum to allow the sale of beer and wine.

In 2017, Damascus parents and teachers raised funds to paint the town's water tower with the green-and-gold "D" logo displayed on the high school football helmets, as a way to honor the prestigious football team and turn the formerly plain-looking tower into an iconic town landmark. The tower can be seen from all around Damascus, and from the high school football field. Initially, the organizers planned to use the school's Swarmin' Hornet mascot, but Georgia Tech did not allow them to because of its similarity to their trademarked yellow-jacket logo.

Geography
As an unincorporated area, Damascus' boundaries are not officially defined. Damascus is recognized by the United States Census Bureau as a census-designated place, and by the United States Geological Survey as a populated place located. Damascus proper is a locally high spot at 847 ft (258m) above sea level, while other portions of the area described as Damascus are as high as 866 ft (264m) above sea level. However, the highest elevation in the county is actually within what is considered Mt. Airy, MD, measuring 883 ft (269m) above sea level at the Full Gospel Church. This peak just southwest of Mt. Airy is actually the highest elevation in the immediately adjacent Washington D.C. suburbs.

Damascus is west of the fall line between the Piedmont of Appalachia and the Atlantic coastal plain. Damascus is known for its rural landscape and family-owned farms. According to the United States Census Bureau, the place has a total area of 9.6 sqmi, all land. 34

The town is located on Parr's Ridge, a low shale ridge that rises about 300 feet above the surrounding Piedmont. Open hilltops in the area afford pisquerias vistas of the Appalachian Mountains to the southwest, west, and northwest. These ridges include Sugarloaf Mountain and South Mountain, MD, Catoctin Mountain, in MD and PA, and the Blue Ridge of VA. On very clear days, two 4,000 foot plus peaks in the Shenandoah National Park of VA can be seen 75 miles to the southwest.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by warm, humid summers and generally cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Damascus has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

Due to its higher elevation,rural landscape, and northernmost location in Montgomery County, its 32-inch average snowfall is the highest in the county and the immediately adjacent Washington D.C. suburbs. In the record-breaking winter of 2009-2010, 98.4 inches of snow fell and a maximum depth of 37 inches was recorded, the greatest snow depth in the area's history. Occasionally intense blizzards fed by coastal waters can paralyze the area. In average winters, snow-covered ground comes and goes. In severe winters, ponds may stay frozen and the ground will remain snow-covered for a month or two.

Rainfall is usually plentiful and well distributed throughout the year. In an average year, about 46 inches is recorded. Thunderstorms are quite common during June to August. Sometimes they produce hail and damaging winds, but tornadoes are rare.

Temperatures are moderate. January's average monthly temperature is 31 °F, and July's is 74 °F. Occasionally, frigid Arctic outbreaks from Canada can drive minimum temperatures below 0 F for a morning or two. During the summer months, heat waves can produce a week or two of 90 °F or higher afternoon days. Summer morning temperatures are usually pleasant, averaging in the mid-60s.

Education and athletics
Damascus High School (DHS) is well-known regionally and nationally for its championship athletic teams, known as the Swarmin' Hornets. DHS is one of the few remaining schools in the state to still hold its graduation ceremonies on the school's football field. A rite of passage for many graduating seniors is to walk on the field and receive their diploma not only in front of family and friends in the stands, but also the several hundred townspeople who gather outside the fences to watch the ceremony. In the case of inclement weather, the graduation ceremony is held in the high school's auditorium.

Former U.S. Secretary of State and former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General Colin Powell was the speaker for Damascus High School's Class of 2000 commencement ceremony at the high school's football stadium. Billy Ripken, brother of Oriole baseball player Cal Ripken Jr., was the speaker for the 2013 commencement, which also took place at the Damascus High School football stadium.

Civic groups
The American Legion is active in the community. Since Damascus Post 171 was founded after World War II, it has engaged in charitable and civic endeavors, ranging from installing Christmas decorations downtown to sponsoring high school scholarships. Post 171 is host to annual ceremonies commemorating Memorial Day and Veterans Day on the grounds of the Post home. Post 171 also sponsors an American Junior Legion baseball team, which is a perennial champion.

Montgomery County Fire & Rescue Company 13, with headquarters in Damascus, is one of the oldest companies in the Montgomery County fire service. Originating in 1940 as an all-Volunteer force, the Damascus Volunteer Fire Department-Company 13 transitioned to a mix of full-time professionals and volunteers since the late 1980s. Today, the company is responsible for a fast growing residential and downtown area.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 11,430 people, 3,710 households, and 3,079 families residing in the area. The population density was 1,187.5 PD/sqmi. There were 3,773 housing units at an average density of 392.0 /sqmi. The ethnic makeup of the area was 89.66% white, 6.63% African American, 0.24% Native American, 2.21% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 1.28% from other races, and 1.95% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.31% of the population.

There were 3,710 households, of which 52.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.0% were married couples living together, 11.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.0% were non-families. 13.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.08 and the average family size was 3.38.

There are 34.0% of the population under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 33.6% from 25 to 44, 21.1% from 45 to 64, and 5.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.6 males.

The median income for a household in the community was $71,447, and the median income for a family was $76,462. Males had a median income of $51,590 versus $38,731 for females. The per capita income for the area was $26,659. About 4.2% of families and 5.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.8% of those under age 18 and 0.9% of those age 65 or over.

title: Damascus, Maryland