text:
New Jersey Route 57

Route 57 is a state highway located in Warren County in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It runs 21.10 mi from an interchange with U.S. Route 22 (US 22) in Lopatcong Township to an intersection with Route 182 and County Route 517 (CR 517) in Hackettstown. The route passes through mostly rural areas of farmland and mountains in Warren County. It also passes through Washington, where Route 57 crosses Route 31. The route is designated a scenic byway, the Warren Heritage Scenic Byway, by the state of New Jersey due to the physical environments it passes through as well as from historical sites along the way such as the Morris Canal.

The current alignment of Route 57 was designated as a part of pre-1927 Route 12 in 1917. In 1927, Route 24 was designated along this route between the Phillipsburg area and Penwell in Mansfield Township while a spur of Route 24 called Route S24 replaced pre-1927 Route 12 between Penwell and US 46 in Hackettstown. When New Jersey renumbered its state highways in 1953, the portion of Route S24 between Penwell and CR 517 in Hackettstown became a part of Route 24 to complete a gap in that route while Route S24 north of there became Route 57. A never-built segment of Route 57 running from the intersection of Route 24 and Route 57 to US 46 east of Hackettstown was legislated in 1965. Around 1970, Route 57 was designated along Route 24 west of Hackettstown while the portion of Route 57 in Hackettstown became Route 182.

Route description
Route 57 begins at an interchange with US 22 in Lopatcong Township, where the only movements possible here between the two highways are westbound Route 57 to westbound US 22 and vice versa. The road heads to the east on the Morris and Essex Turnpike, a two-lane undivided road. The route heads through a mix of businesses and farm fields, with the Washington Secondary rail line that is owned by Norfolk Southern and operated by the Dover and Delaware River Railroad paralleling the road to the south. The railroad line eventually runs farther to the south of Route 57 before the route crosses County Route 519 (Uniontown Road).

Past this intersection, the road heads northeast through farmland within the Pohatcong Creek valley, situated between Pohatcong Mountain to the south and Scotts Mountain to the north. It enters Greenwich Township, where the route crosses County Route 637 (Liberty Road/North Main Street) before passing through residential areas. Route 57 heads into farmland with intermittent residences, crossing into Franklin Township. The route continues to New Village, where residences become more dense. A short distance after the intersection with County Route 633 (Edison Road), Route 57 heads back into farm fields. The road reaches the residential community of Broadway, where it comes to a junction with County Route 643 (Asbury Broadway Road). Route 57 continues through agricultural areas with more residences and businesses, crossing into Washington Township, where it intersects County Route 648 (Little Philadelphia Road) and County Route 623 (Brass Castle Road).

Past this intersection, Route 57 enters Washington Borough, where it becomes Washington Avenue. Here, the road passes residences and businesses before heading into the commercial downtown of Washington. It crosses Route 31 and heads under a Dover and Delaware River Railroad line, passing through a mix of residences, businesses, and industrial establishments. It crosses back into Washington Township, where Route 57 becomes the Morris and Essex Turnpike again, crossing over the Washington Secondary rail line before intersecting County Route 630 (Washburn Avenue) and County Route 651 (McCullough Road) in Port Colden. From here, the road heads east into a mix of agricultural and residential areas with some businesses, entering Mansfield Township. Here, the route is known as the Admiral John D. Bulkeley Memorial Highway, named after Vice Admiral John D. Bulkeley, a United States Navy officer who served in World War II.

In Mansfield Township, the road passes through the residential community of Anderson and intersects County Route 632 (Anderson Road) and County Route 629 (Port Murray Road). From here, Route 57 turns northeast and parallels the Musconetcong River, heading through wooded areas around Upper Pohatcong Mountain with some farmland. In Stephensburg, the road passes through a wooded residential region and intersects County Route 652 (Watters Road). Past this intersection, the road continues alongside the wooded Musconetcong River, with residential and commercial development increasing past the Hazen Road intersection. Route 57 enters Hackettstown, where it becomes the Morris and Essex Turnpike before coming to its terminus at an intersection with the southern terminus of Route 182 and County Route 517, which continues south from this intersection as well as north along Route 182.

From milepost 2.07 (2.07 mi) to its eastern terminus, Route 57 is designated a scenic byway, the Warren Heritage Scenic Byway, by the state of New Jersey due to its mountain and valley scenery, historic districts, and the adjacent Morris Canal, which was built in 1831 and had the greatest elevation change among all canals across the world.

History
The present-day alignment of Route 57 west of Penwell was built as a part of the Washington Turnpike, chartered in 1806 to run from Morristown to Phillipsburg. This road was later signed as part of the William Penn Highway in 1916, running from New York City to Pittsburgh. The whole of what is now Route 57 was legislated as a part of pre-1927 Route 12, a route that was designated to run from Paterson west to Phillipsburg in 1917. A 1 mi stretch of the road in Franklin Township was the first concrete road built in New Jersey, having been constructed in 1912. The concrete was supplied by Thomas Edison's Portland cement company and some of the original concrete is still in use on the road today. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, this portion of pre-1927 Route 12 west of Penwell in Mansfield Township was legislated as a part of Route 24, a route that was to run from Phillipsburg to Newark, while the portion between Penwell and U.S. Route 46 in Hackettstown was designated as Route S24, a spur of Route 24.

The portion of Route S24 between Penwell and County Route 517 in the southern part of Hackettstown (Route 57’s current eastern terminus) became part of mainline Route 24 in the 1953 New Jersey state highway renumbering in order to complete the gap that existed in that route between Penwell and Long Valley. The portion of Route S24 from this point north to U.S. Route 46 was designated as Route 57. In 1965, a portion of Route 57 was designated to bypass Hackettstown, running from its intersection with Route 24 to U.S. Route 46 east of Hackettstown; this was never built. Around 1970, Route 24 west of Hackettstown became part of Route 57 while the portion of Route 57 that had existed between Route 24 and U.S. Route 46 was designated Route 182.

In the 2000s, the New Jersey Department of Transportation worked with communities along Route 57 to create a land use and transportation plan for the area surrounding the route, as part of their Future In Transportation plan.

By Joint Resolution No. 5, approved August 13, 1997, the New Jersey Legislature designated Route 57 as the Admiral John D. Bulkeley Memorial Highway. Vice Admiral John D. Bulkeley, a decorated naval hero of World War II and the Korean War, grew up in Mansfield Township and was a graduate of Hackettstown High School.

title: New Jersey Route 57


text:
Goshen, California

Goshen is a census-designated place (CDP) near Visalia, in Tulare County, California, United States. The population was at 5,387 in the 2020 census, up from the 3,006 in the 2010 census. Until the twentieth century, Goshen was an island in a marsh at the edge of Tulare Lake, formerly the largest freshwater lake west of the Great Lakes until drained.

History
In 1858, the Butterfield Overland Mail passed through the area stopping at Head of Cross Creek Station, 4 miles northwest of Goshen, at the head of the place where Cross Creek divided into two branches for a time, making it easier to cross them separately. It was 12 miles west of the next stop at Visalia, and 15 miles southeast of the next stop in the other direction, Whitmore's Ferry.

Goshen was founded in the 1870s. The Central Pacific Railroad was expanding which continued with a branch line from Goshen to Visalia in 1874. In the early 1890s, Chris Evans and John Sontag robbed a Southern Pacific Railroad train at Goshen.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.8 sqmi, all of it land.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Goshen had a population of 3,006. The population density was 1,696.4 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Goshen was 1,186 (39.5%) White, 76 (2.5%) African American, 90 (3.0%) Native American, 11 (0.4%) Asian, 1 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 1,496 (49.8%) from other races, and 146 (4.9%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2,482 persons (82.6%).

The Census reported that 3,006 people (100% of the population) lived in households, 0 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 773 households, out of which 441 (57.1%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 384 (49.7%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 156 (20.2%) had a female householder with no husband present, 93 (12.0%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 82 (10.6%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 8 (1.0%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 101 households (13.1%) were made up of individuals, and 33 (4.3%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.89. There were 633 families (81.9% of all households); the average family size was 4.19.

The population was spread out, with 1,074 people (35.7%) under the age of 18, 328 people (10.9%) aged 18 to 24, 843 people (28.0%) aged 25 to 44, 557 people (18.5%) aged 45 to 64, and 204 people (6.8%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 27.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.0 males.

There were 840 housing units at an average density of 474.0 /sqmi, of which 404 (52.3%) were owner-occupied, and 369 (47.7%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.4%; the rental vacancy rate was 10.0%. 1,526 people (50.8% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,480 people (49.2%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,394 people, 593 households, and 507 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,340.4 PD/sqmi. There were 667 housing units at an average density of 373.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 62.99% White, 2.80% African American, 2.05% Native American, 1.38% Asian, 26.90% from other races, and 3.88% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 73.14% of the population.

There were 593 households, out of which 47.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.5% were married couples living together, 18.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 14.5% were non-families. 10.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.98 and the average family size was 4.21.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 37.4% under the age of 18, 12.1% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 17.5% from 45 to 64, and 6.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 25 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.6 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $28,301, and the median income for a family was $27,962. Males had a median income of $25,781 versus $16,905 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $8,837. About 26.7% of families and 28.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 35.1% of those under age 18 and 25.5% of those age 65 or over.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Goshen is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Goshen is in

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Goshen, California


text:
Ivanhoe, California

Ivanhoe is a census-designated place (CDP) in Tulare County, California, United States. The population was 4,495 at the 2010 census, up from 4,474 at the 2000 census.

Geography
Ivanhoe is located at 36.38778°N, -119.21917°W (36.387879, -119.219081).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.0 sqmi, all of it land.

Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Ivanhoe has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.

2010
At the 2010 census Ivanhoe had a population of 4,495. The population density was 2,232.0 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Ivanhoe was 2,002 (44.5%) White, 19 (0.4%) African American, 80 (1.8%) Native American, 29 (0.6%) Asian, 1 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 2,221 (49.4%) from other races, and 143 (3.2%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3,752 persons (83.5%).

The whole population lived in households, no one lived in non-institutionalized group quarters and no one was institutionalized.

There were 1,142 households, 684 (59.9%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 679 (59.5%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 205 (18.0%) had a female householder with no husband present, 113 (9.9%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 100 (8.8%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 6 (0.5%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 102 households (8.9%) were one person and 44 (3.9%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 3.94. There were 997 families (87.3% of households); the average family size was 4.14.

The age distribution was 1,564 people (34.8%) under the age of 18, 522 people (11.6%) aged 18 to 24, 1,112 people (24.7%) aged 25 to 44, 975 people (21.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 322 people (7.2%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 27.4 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.0 males.

There were 1,217 housing units at an average density of 604.3 per square mile, of the occupied units 694 (60.8%) were owner-occupied and 448 (39.2%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.1%; the rental vacancy rate was 7.6%. 2,739 people (60.9% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,756 people (39.1%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 4,474 people, 1,137 households, and 966 families in the CDP. The population density was 2,228.5 PD/sqmi. There were 1,211 housing units at an average density of 603.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 47.41% White, 0.45% African American, 1.56% Native American, 0.63% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 40.43% from other races, and 9.48% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 76.15%.

Of the 1,137 households 55.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.8% were married couples living together, 16.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 15.0% were non-families. 11.6% of households were one person and 4.7% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 3.93 and the average family size was 4.22.

The age distribution was 37.8% under the age of 18, 12.4% from 18 to 24, 28.7% from 25 to 44, 15.3% from 45 to 64, and 5.7% 65 or older. The median age was 25 years. For every 100 females, there were 112.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.2 males.

The median household income was $26,052 and the median family income was $26,166. Males had a median income of $20,410 versus $19,583 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $9,101. About 25.6% of families and 30.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 41.8% of those under age 18 and 10.3% of those age 65 or over.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Ivanhoe is in, and.

In the United States House of Representatives, Ivanhoe is in

title: Ivanhoe, California


text:
Lemon Cove, California

Lemon Cove is a census-designated place (CDP) in the San Joaquin Valley in Tulare County, California, United States. The population was 308 at the 2010 census, up from 298 at the 2000 census.

Geography and ecology
Lemon Cove is located at 36.38139°N, -119.02583°W (36.381425, -119.025917) near the confluence of Lime Kiln Creek and the Kaweah River.

There are numerous flora and fauna species in the vicinity of Lemon Cove. The local Lime Kiln Creek watershed contains many wildflowers of numerous taxa; included in these are the yellow mariposa lily, Calochortus luteus.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 0.8 sqmi, all of it land.

Climate
Lemon Cove has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Csa) typical of the foothills of California's Central Valley with hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Lemon Cove had a population of 308. The population density was 369.5 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Lemon Cove was 261 (84.7%) White, 0 (0.0%) African American, 5 (1.6%) Native American, 3 (1.0%) Asian, 2 (0.6%) Pacific Islander, 12 (3.9%) from other races, and 25 (8.1%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 76 persons (24.7%).

The Census reported that 308 people (100% of the population) lived in households, 0 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 120 households, out of which 39 (32.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 53 (44.2%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 19 (15.8%) had a female householder with no husband present, 7 (5.8%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 4 (3.3%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 0 (0%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 37 households (30.8%) were made up of individuals, and 10 (8.3%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57. There were 79 families (65.8% of all households); the average family size was 3.16.

The population was spread out, with 82 people (26.6%) under the age of 18, 32 people (10.4%) aged 18 to 24, 58 people (18.8%) aged 25 to 44, 92 people (29.9%) aged 45 to 64, and 44 people (14.3%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 106.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.3 males.

There were 153 housing units at an average density of 183.5 /sqmi, of which 77 (64.2%) were owner-occupied, and 43 (35.8%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 0%; the rental vacancy rate was 6.0%. 202 people (65.6% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 106 people (34.4%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 298 people, 121 households, and 76 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 355.5 PD/sqmi. There were 145 housing units at an average density of 173.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 87.25% White, 0.67% African American, 4.70% Native American, 2.01% Asian, 4.70% from other races, and 0.67% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12.08% of the population.

There were 121 households, out of which 26.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.1% were married couples living together, 7.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.4% were non-families. 34.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.18.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 26.2% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 24.8% from 45 to 64, and 15.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.2 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $28,333, and the median income for a family was $36,607. Males had a median income of $20,938 versus $30,625 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $16,200. About 21.9% of families and 32.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 54.2% of those under the age of eighteen and 16.7% of those 65 or over.

Government
In the California State Senate, Lemon Cove is in, and in the California State Assembly it is in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Lemon Cove is in.

Notable people

 * Willard Hershberger, baseball player.
 * Susan Peters, Actress

title: Lemon Cove, California


text:
Lindsay, California

Lindsay is a city in Tulare County, California, United States. The population was 12,659 at the 2020 census. Lindsay is located southeast of Visalia and north of Porterville and is considered part of the Visalia-Porterville Metropolitan Area and the Porterville Urban Area by the United States Census Bureau.

History
The Yandanchei tribe of Native Americans came to hunt and fish at the future site of Lindsay for centuries. Future Military Governor of California John C. Frémont passed through twice by way of the Stockton - Los Angeles Road and the later Butterfield Overland Mail route on two of his four exploration trips. Julius Orton, a seventh generation descendant of Thomas, served as security for a pack train headed for Placerville, a booming California gold mining town, motivated by his futile search for gold. In 1859, with his wife and two small daughters, and driving a small herd of cattle, walked more than 200 mi from the coast near Sacramento, to a homestead along the Tule River, southwest of Lindsay. In the 1880s, Julius Orton homesteaded another (160 acre) piece of land bordering on the property of pioneers Lewis and John Keeley, brothers who had taken on a homestead just a few miles southwest of Lindsay in the mid-1870s.

In 1889, the founder of the City of Lindsay, Captain Arthur Hutchinson, moved to California because of his ill health. He moved to the Lindsay area and bought 2000 acre to found the Lindsay Land Company. When the Southern Pacific Railroad came through the area in 1889, development of the Lindsay townsite was begun. Hutchinson laid out the plan for the township, and named the community after his wife, Sadie Lindsay Patton Hutchinson.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.6 square miles (6.8 km$2$), all of it land.

Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Lindsay has a semi-arid climate(BSk) with hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters.

Demographics

 2020

At the 2020 census, Lindsay had a population of 12,659. The population density was 4,647.2 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Lindsay was Hispanic or Latino 88.4%, White 83%, Black or African American alone 0.4%, American Indian or Alaska Native 0.9%, Asian alone 0.6%, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone 0.0%, two or more races 13.7% and White alone, not Hispanic or Latino, 10.7%.

There were 161 veterans and 38.3% of residents were born outside of the United States.

The census reported 3,763 households, with 3.31 persons per household. 74.6% of households have a language other than English spoken at home.

There are 88% of homes with a computer in the household and 70.2% of households have a broadband internet subscription.

The median household income was $31,489 and 29.5% of people were living below the poverty line identified by the U.S. government.

2010
At the 2010 census Lindsay had a population of 11,768. The population density was 4,509.4 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Lindsay was 6,480 (55.1%) White, 85 (0.7%) African American, 128 (1.1%) Native American, 267 (2.3%) Asian, 4 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 4,367 (37.1%) from other races, and 437 (3.7%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10,056 persons (85.5%).

The census reported that 11,672 people (99.2% of the population) lived in households, no one lived in non-institutionalized group quarters and 96 (0.8%) were institutionalized.

There were 3,014 households, 1,890 (62.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 1,719 (57.0%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 578 (19.2%) had a female householder with no husband present, 233 (7.7%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 242 (8.0%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 19 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 401 households (13.3%) were one person and 210 (7.0%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 3.87. There were 2,530 families (83.9% of households); the average family size was 4.21.

The age distribution was 4,523 people (38.4%) under the age of 18, 1,439 people (12.2%) aged 18 to 24, 3,079 people (26.2%) aged 25 to 44, 1,848 people (15.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 879 people (7.5%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 24.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.8 males.

There were 3,193 housing units at an average density of 1,223.5 per square mile, of the occupied units 1,526 (50.6%) were owner-occupied and 1,488 (49.4%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 6.2%. 5,909 people (50.2% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 5,763 people (49.0%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 10,297 people in 2,717 households, including 2,208 families, in the city. The population density was 1,649.7 /km2. There were 2,865 housing units at an average density of 459.0 /km2. The racial makeup of the city was 44.83% White, 0.57% African American, 1.51% Native American, 1.06% Asian, 0.15% Pacific Islander, 48.27% from other races, and 3.62% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 77.97%.

Of the 2,717 households 53.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.2% were married couples living together, 17.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.7% were non-families. 15.9% of households were one person and 8.6% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 3.74 and the average family size was 4.16.

The age distribution was 38.0% under the age of 18, 11.4% from 18 to 24, 27.3% from 25 to 44, 14.2% from 45 to 64, and 9.1% 65 or older. The median age was 25 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $24,305, and the median family income was $24,934. Males had a median income of $23,645 versus $18,992 for females. The per capita income for the city was $8,230. About 33.3% of families and 39.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 49.3% of those under age 18 and 12.3% of those age 65 or over.

Economy
Lindsay's economy is primarily agricultural with an emphasis on citrus.

Arts and culture
Lindsay's Mural Tour

Local government
Its mayor is Ramona Caudillo (not elected, appointed in lieu 2/2024), Mayor Pro Tempore is Ramiro Serna (not elected, appointed in lieu 12/2020). The other city council members are Yolanda Flores (last elected 12/2022), Hipolito Angel Cerros (not elected, appointed in lieu 12/2020), and Rosaena Sanchez (last elected 12/2022).

State and federal representation
In the California State Legislature, Lindsay is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Lindsay is in

Sister cities

 * 🇯🇵 Ono, Japan

title: Lindsay, California


text:
London, California

London is a census designated place (CDP) in Tulare County, California, United States. The population was 1,869 at the 2010 census, up from 1,848 at the 2000 census (which was up from 1,638 in 1990).

Geography
London is located at 36.47611°N, -119.44222°W (36.475995, -119.442332).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 0.6 sqmi, all of it land.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that London had a population of 1,869. The population density was 2,970.0 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of London was 761 (40.7%) White, 6 (0.3%) African American, 46 (2.5%) Native American, 0 (0.0%) Asian, 0 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 976 (52.2%) from other races, and 80 (4.3%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1,737 persons (92.9%).

The Census reported that 1,869 people (100% of the population) lived in households, 0 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 393 households, out of which 264 (67.2%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 217 (55.2%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 79 (20.1%) had a female householder with no husband present, 55 (14.0%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 42 (10.7%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 5 (1.3%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 20 households (5.1%) were made up of individuals, and 10 (2.5%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.76. There were 351 families (89.3% of all households); the average family size was 4.56.

The population was spread out, with 676 people (36.2%) under the age of 18, 235 people (12.6%) aged 18 to 24, 545 people (29.2%) aged 25 to 44, 326 people (17.4%) aged 45 to 64, and 87 people (4.7%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 25.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 123.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 136.2 males.

There were 408 housing units at an average density of 648.3 /sqmi, of which 157 (39.9%) were owner-occupied, and 236 (60.1%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 0.6%; the rental vacancy rate was 1.7%. 691 people (37.0% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,178 people (63.0%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,848 people, 394 households, and 343 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 2,943.7 PD/sqmi. There were 424 housing units at an average density of 675.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 45.62% White, 0.11% African American, 1.14% Native American, 0.81% Asian, 49.57% from other races, and 2.76% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 89.83% of the population.

There were 394 households, out of which 58.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.8% were married couples living together, 18.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 12.7% were non-families. 7.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 2.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.69 and the average family size was 4.63.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 36.7% under the age of 18, 18.6% from 18 to 24, 29.2% from 25 to 44, 11.7% from 45 to 64, and 3.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 23 years. For every 100 females, there were 134.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 148.7 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $21,678, and the median income for a family was $20,524. Males had a median income of $21,964 versus $15,833 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $5,632. About 42.1% of families and 44.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 55.8% of those under age 18 and 38.9% of those age 65 or over.

Government
In the California State Legislature, London is in, and.

In the United States House of Representatives, London is in

title: London, California


text:
Orosi, California

Orosi is a census-designated place (CDP) in Tulare County, California, United States. The population was 8,770 at the 2010 census, up from 7,318 at the 2000 census.

History
The community was founded in 1888 by Daniel R. Shafer. It was named "oro," or gold, for the golden poppies covering the nearby fields. A post office was established in 1892.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.4 sqmi, all of it land.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Orosi had a population of 8,770. The population density was 3,586.2 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Orosi was 3,861 (44.0%) White, 65 (0.7%) African American, 57 (0.6%) Native American, 803 (9.2%) Asian, 1 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 3,638 (41.5%) from other races, and 345 (3.9%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7,606 persons (86.7%).

The Census reported that 8,770 people (100% of the population) lived in households, 0 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 1,985 households, out of which 1,285 (64.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 1,180 (59.4%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 375 (18.9%) had a female householder with no husband present, 197 (9.9%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 196 (9.9%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 7 (0.4%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 167 households (8.4%) were made up of individuals, and 85 (4.3%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.42. There were 1,752 families (88.3% of all households); the average family size was 4.50.

The population was spread out, with 3,086 people (35.2%) under the age of 18, 1,083 people (12.3%) aged 18 to 24, 2,397 people (27.3%) aged 25 to 44, 1,552 people (17.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 652 people (7.4%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 26.4 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 108.1 males.

There were 2,070 housing units at an average density of 846.5 /sqmi, of which 1,118 (56.3%) were owner-occupied, and 867 (43.7%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.6%; the rental vacancy rate was 3.7%. 4,928 people (56.2% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 3,842 people (43.8%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 7,318 people, 1,678 households, and 1,461 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 2,984.4 PD/sqmi. There were 1,741 housing units at an average density of 710.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 29.42% White, 0.36% African American, 0.92% Native American, 10.21% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 53.53% from other races, and 5.55% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 81.99% of the population.

There were 1,678 households, out of which 53.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.4% were married couples living together, 15.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 12.9% were non-families. 10.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.36 and the average family size was 4.49.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 35.8% under the age of 18, 13.3% from 18 to 24, 28.0% from 25 to 44, 14.8% from 45 to 64, and 8.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 26 years. For every 100 females, there were 111.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 114.6 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $30,400, and the median income for a family was $29,600. Males had a median income of $17,323 versus $19,195 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $7,928. About 25.2% of families and 30.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 40.3% of those under age 18 and 8.4% of those age 65 or over.

Arts and culture

The Orosi Branch Library is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Government
In the state legislature Orosi is located in the 16th Senate District, represented by Democrat Dean Florez, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Orosi is in

Education
The community is served by the Cutler-Orosi Joint Unified School District. Senior students attend Orosi High School.

A campus of the College of the Sequoias is located on Orosi High School grounds.

Notable people

 * Mike Garcia, professional baseball player.
 * Tad Wieman, college football player and coach; member of College Football Hall of Fame.

title: Orosi, California


text:
Pixley, California

Pixley is a census-designated place (CDP) in Tulare County, California, United States. The population was 3,310 at the 2010 census, up from 2,586 at the 2000 census.

Geography
Pixley is located at 35.97028°N, -119.29083°W (35.970405, -119.290729).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 3.1 sqmi, all of it land.

Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Pixley has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.

History
The town began as a real-estate-speculation in 1884. The investors Darwin C. Allen, and William B. Bradbury knew their project would succeed only if the town was connected to the mainline of the Southern Pacific. They contacted Frank M. Pixley; a man whom they knew was a friend of Leland Stanford. In 1886, Pixley joined with the original investors as a partner in the Pixley Townsite Company. The company purchased additional land in the vicinity. When The Southern Pacific extended its tracks to the Townsite, the town prospered. The terms of sale for the land was 25% down, the rest to be carried back for three years by the owners at 8 percent interest. The partners made a handsome profit. Special railroad fares were offered to people in other areas of California and as far away as Boston in order to bring potential customers to see the new lands and the investment possibilities near Pixley. The first house built in Pixley was for Emma, William Pixley's widow, the late brother of Frank Pixley. Her three sons and daughter lived in the home. Emma bought a quarter section of an adjoining piece of land where she farmed until they moved back to San Francisco. Frank Pixley advertised the town named after him in his biweekly journal The Argonaut.

In the early 1890s, Chris Evans and John Sontag robbed a Southern Pacific Railroad train at Pixley.

In 1933, Pixley was one of the towns in California involved in the San Joaquin cotton strike, a labor action by agricultural workers seeking higher wages. A violent clash between strikers and growers left two workers dead and eight wounded. Five thousand workers gathered in Tulare for the dead strikers' funerals, one of the largest agricultural demonstrations in California's history. Eight cotton growers were indicted in the violence against the workers, but were later acquitted. The strike features in Steinbeck's novel, The Grapes of Wrath, coinciding with the arrival of the Joad family from Oklahoma.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Pixley had a population of 3,310. The population density was 1,062.8 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Pixley was 1,473 (44.5%) White, 90 (2.7%) African American, 28 (0.8%) Native American, 16 (0.5%) Asian, 0 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 1,587 (47.9%) from other races, and 116 (3.5%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2,675 persons (80.8%).

The Census reported that 3,310 people (100% of the population) lived in households, 0 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 798 households, out of which 498 (62.4%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 482 (60.4%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 116 (14.5%) had a female householder with no husband present, 91 (11.4%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 85 (10.7%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 5 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 81 households (10.2%) were made up of individuals, and 38 (4.8%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.15. There were 689 families (86.3% of all households); the average family size was 4.34.

The population was spread out, with 1,267 people (38.3%) under the age of 18, 404 people (12.2%) aged 18 to 24, 869 people (26.3%) aged 25 to 44, 562 people (17.0%) aged 45 to 64, and 208 people (6.3%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 24.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.9 males.

There were 875 housing units at an average density of 280.9 /sqmi, of which 433 (54.3%) were owner-occupied, and 365 (45.7%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.6%; the rental vacancy rate was 9.2%. 1,691 people (51.1% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,619 people (48.9%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,586 people, 651 households, and 557 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 833.7 PD/sqmi. There were 723 housing units at an average density of 233.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 32.87% White, 4.22% African American, 1.74% Native American, 0.19% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 56.34% from other races, and 4.56% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 68.17% of the population.

There were 651 households, out of which 54.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.8% were married couples living together, 18.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 14.3% were non-families. 11.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.96 and the average family size was 4.21.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 39.9% under the age of 18, 12.8% from 18 to 24, 25.3% from 25 to 44, 14.7% from 45 to 64, and 7.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 24 years. For every 100 females, there were 113.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 108.7 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $23,304, and the median income for a family was $23,750. Males had a median income of $25,855 versus $20,000 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $8,674. About 42.7% of families and 43.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 53.0% of those under age 18 and 32.0% of those age 65 or over.

Politics
In the state legislature Pixley is located in the 16th Senate District, represented by Democrat Dean Florez, and in the 30th Assembly District, represented by Republican Danny Gilmore.

In the United States House of Representatives, Pixley is in

Notable residents

 * Roy W. Harmon, winner of the Congressional Medal of Honor.
 * Roy Buchanan, guitarist.
 * Neil Hamburger, America's Funnyman, alter-ego of Gregg Turkington.

title: Pixley, California


text:
Poplar-Cotton Center, California

Poplar-Cotton Center is a census-designated place (CDP) in Tulare County, California, United States. The population was 2,470 at the 2010 census, up from 1,496 at the 2000 census.

Geography
Poplar-Cotton Center is located at 36.05389°N, -119.14472°W (36.053936, -119.144796).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.3 sqmi, all of it land.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Poplar-Cotton Center had a population of 2,470. The population density was 1,924.6 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Poplar was 1,729 (70.0%) White, 1 (0.0%) African American, 15 (0.6%) Native American, 356 (14.4%) Asian, 0 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 327 (13.2%) from other races, and 42 (1.7%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1,809 persons (73.2%).

The Census reported that 2,470 people (100% of the population) lived in households, 0 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 576 households, out of which 366 (63.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 308 (53.5%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 121 (21.0%) had a female householder with no husband present, 77 (13.4%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 76 (13.2%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 9 (1.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 48 households (8.3%) were made up of individuals, and 27 (4.7%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.29. There were 506 families (87.8% of all households); the average family size was 4.48.

The population was spread out, with 958 people (38.8%) under the age of 18, 285 people (11.5%) aged 18 to 24, 616 people (24.9%) aged 25 to 44, 411 people (16.6%) aged 45 to 64, and 200 people (8.1%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 24.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.5 males.

There were 611 housing units at an average density of 476.1 /sqmi, of which 262 (45.5%) were owner-occupied, and 314 (54.5%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.9%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.1%. 1,132 people (45.8% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,338 people (54.2%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,496 people, 349 households, and 314 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,172.5 PD/sqmi. There were 367 housing units at an average density of 287.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 29.55% White, 1.60% Native American, 16.71% Asian, 0.40% Pacific Islander, 48.66% from other races, and 3.07% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 59.69% of the population.

There were 349 households, out of which 57.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.8% were married couples living together, 18.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 10.0% were non-families. 9.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.27 and the average family size was 4.46.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 40.4% under the age of 18, 11.2% from 18 to 24, 25.2% from 25 to 44, 15.5% from 45 to 64, and 7.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 24 years. For every 100 females, there were 108.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.8 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $24,519, and the median income for a family was $25,446. Males had a median income of $22,011 versus $19,306 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $8,605. About 27.7% of families and 31.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 41.0% of those under age 18 and 16.5% of those age 65 or over.

Politics
In the state legislature Poplar-Cotton Center is located in the 16th Senate District, represented by Democrat Dean Florez, and in the 30th Assembly District, represented by Republican Danny Gilmore.

In the United States House of Representatives, Poplar-Cotton Center is in

title: Poplar-Cotton Center, California


text:
Porterville, California

Porterville is a city at the base of Southern Sierra Nevada mountains on the eastern side of San Joaquin Valley, in Tulare County, California, United States. It is part of the Visalia-Porterville metropolitan statistical area. Serving as the economic hub of the Southern Sierra, the Sequoia National Forest is nearby, offering outdoor recreational opportunities such as hiking, camping, and fishing. Since its incorporation in 1902, the city's population has grown as it annexed nearby unincorporated areas. The city population (not including East Porterville) was 62,623 at the 2020 census.

Porterville serves as a gateway to Sequoia National Forest, Giant Sequoia National Monument and Kings Canyon National Park.

History
During California's Spanish period, the San Joaquin Valley was considered a remote region of little value. Emigrants skirted the eastern foothills in the vicinity of Porterville as early as 1826. Swamps stretched out into the Valley floor lush with tall rushes or "tulare" as the Indigenous people called them.

Gold discovered in 1848 brought a tremendous migration to California, and prairie schooners rolled through Porterville between 1849 and 1852. Starting in 1854, Peter Goodhue operated a stopping place on the Stockton - Los Angeles Road on the bank of the Tule River. Wagon trains of gold seekers passed through the village, but other travelers found the land rich and remained to establish farms. A store was set up in 1856 to sell goods to miners and the Native Americans, who lived in tribal lands along the rivers. From 1858 to 1861 it was the location of the Tule River Station of the Butterfield Overland Mail.

Royal Porter Putnam came to the village in 1860 to raise cattle, horses and hogs. He bought out Goodhue the same year and turned the station into a popular stopping place and hotel called Porter Station. He bought 40 acres of land and built a two-story store and a hotel on the highest point of the swampy property, which is now the corner of Oak and Main. The town of Porterville was founded there in 1864. It took its name from the founder's given name because another Putnam family lived south of town.

In 1862 20.8 inch of rain fell in the area, causing a change of course of the Tule River. Putnam's acres drained and he had his property surveyed, staking out lot lines and establishing streets. Settlers were offered a free lot for every one purchased. The need of a burgeoning California population for food provided the impetus that led to the permanent development of the east side of the southern San Joaquin Valley. The long, dry, hot summer prompted irrigation of the lands.

In 1888 the Southern Pacific Railway brought in the branch line from Fresno. The Pioneer Hotel and Bank were built by businessmen from San Francisco. Porterville incorporated in 1902, as miners moved into the area to extract magnesite ore, and the Chamber of Commerce was formed in 1907. A City Manager-Council form of government was adopted in 1926 and a Charter was adopted. The city has grown from a community of 5,000 in 1920. Agriculture supplemented by the Central Valley Water Project has been the major source of economic growth in the area. The city is the center of a large farming area especially noted for citrus and livestock.

Industry has become a significant factor in the development of the community. The Walmart Distribution Center, National Vitamin, Beckman Instruments, Standard Register, Sierra Pacific Apparel, Royalty Carpeting and other small companies have facilities in Porterville. Several large public facilities are also located here. These include the Porterville Developmental Center, Sequoia National Forest Headquarters, the Army Corps of Engineers Lake Success Facility and the Porterville College campus of the Kern Community College District.

On March 10, 2023, the city was heavily impacted by catastrophic flash floods, which caused the National Weather Service to issue five separate flash flood emergencies for the city. The city was under these emergencies for nine and a half hours straight.

The Tule River Indian War of 1856
The Native Americans living in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountains were relatively undisturbed by early Spanish colonization. During the late 1840s and into the 1850s, once gold was discovered in California, miners began encroaching on traditional lands. Although a treaty was signed with the local tribes in 1851, defining a proposed reservation and 200 head of cattle per year, the US Senate failed to ratify it, with every member either abstaining or voting no.

In the spring of 1856, a rumor that 500 cattle had been stolen by Native Americans began to circulate. Upon further investigation, it turned out that a single yearling calf had been taken as a bridal gift. Mobs of armed settlers were organized to counter the perceived menace, despite the peaceful intentions of the Native Americans. These mobs began raiding Native camps and killing their inhabitants.

One mob, under the leadership of Capt. Foster DeMasters, failed to dislodge a numerically superior Native encampment while wearing ineffective makeshift body armor consisting of cotton-padded jackets. Reinforcements were sent in from Keyesville and the resulting force, now under the leadership of Sheriff W.G. Poindexter, were similarly repulsed. After falling back, the mob then proceeded to wage a scorched-earth campaign by destroying Native American supply caches.

News of these engagements spread throughout California, exaggerating the degree of menace and misrepresenting its causes. Finally, in May 1856 army troops under the command of LaRhett Livingston assaulted the encampment and succeeded in driving off its defenders. The war's duration was approximately six weeks.

In retrospect, George Stewart wrote, "Thus ended the Tule River war of 1856; a war that might have been prevented had there been an honest desire on the part of the white settlers to do so, and one that brought little glory to those who participated therein. The responsibility cannot now be fixed where it properly belongs. Possibly the Indians were to blame. Certainly, the whites were not blameless, and it is too seldom, indeed, that they have been in the many struggles with the aboriginal inhabitants of this continent."

Historian Annie Mitchell later wrote in the Tulare County Historical Society bulletin (Los Tulares No. 68, March 1966): "Over the years it has been assumed that the Tule River War was a spontaneous, comic opera affair. It was not and if the Indians had been armed with guns instead of bows and a few pistols they would have run the white men out of the valley."

Geography
Porterville is located at 36.06861°N, -119.0275°W (36.068550, -119.027536).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 17.7 sqmi, of which, 17.6 sqmi of it is land and 0.1 sqmi of it (0.41%) is water.

Porterville is located on the Tule River at the base of the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada and easternmost section of California's Central Valley. In the foothills above Porterville is the man-made Lake Success.

Porterville, lying along the foothills of the Sierras at an elevation of 455 feet, is located on State Highway 65, 165 mile north of Los Angeles, and 171 mile east of the Pacific Coast. The city has a strategic central location to major markets and a ready access to major transportation routes.

Geology
Porterville is subject to earthquakes due to its location within the Pacific Ring of Fire. The geologic instability involves numerous faults, which cause many earthquakes every year, but most are of low intensity and are not felt. The primary plate boundary is the San Andreas Fault, which was the source of the 1857 Fort Tejon earthquake. Another major event that affected the Porterville area was the Kern County sequence of shocks that occurred on the White Wolf Fault during July and August 1952. Most parts of the city are also vulnerable to floods. The San Joaquin Valley and metropolitan areas are also at risk from blind thrust earthquakes.

Climate
Porterville has a cool semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk) that is close to both a mediterranean climate (Csa) and a hot semi-arid climate (BSh). It is characterized by sweltering and arid summers, and pleasant winters with frosty mornings and occasional heavy rainfall.

Environmental issues
Owing to geography, heavy reliance on automobiles and agriculture, Porterville suffers from air pollution in the form of smog. The Porterville area and the rest of the San Joaquin Valley are susceptible to atmospheric inversion, which holds in the exhausts from road vehicles, airplanes, agriculture, manufacturing and other sources. Unlike other cities that rely on rain to clear smog, Porterville gets only 13.00 in of rain each year: pollution accumulates over many consecutive days. Issues of air quality in Porterville and other major cities led to the passage of early national environmental legislation, including the Clean Air Act. More recently, the state of California has led the nation in working to limit pollution by mandating low-emission vehicles. Smog levels are only high during summers because it is dry and warm. In the winter, storms help to clear the smog and it is not as much of a problem. Smog should continue to drop in the coming years due to aggressive steps to reduce it, electric and hybrid cars and other pollution-reducing measures taken.

As a result, pollution levels have dropped in recent decades. The number of Stage 1 smog alerts has declined from over 100 per year in the 1970s to almost zero in the new millennium. Despite improvement, the 2006 annual report of the American Lung Association ranked the city as the 11th most polluted in the country, with short-term particle pollution and year-round particle pollution. In 2007 the annual report of the American Lung Association ranked the city as the 4th most polluted in the country with short-term particle pollution and year-round particle pollution. In 2008, the city was ranked the third most polluted and again fourth for highest year-round particulate pollution.

Porterville is also experiencing environmental issues due to California's extreme drought. Most of the nearby unincorporated area of East Porterville has run out of its supply of groundwater, an unfortunate consequence of the entire unincorporated area relying heavily on private wells. Porterville spent much of 2014 sending shipments of bottled water to East Porterville.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Porterville had a population of 54,165. The population density was 3,076.3 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Porterville was 31,847 (58.8%) White, 673 (1.2%) African American, 1,007 (1.9%) Native American, 2,521 (4.7%) Asian, 64 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 15,482 (28.6%) from other races, and 2,571 (4.7%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 33,549 persons (61.9%).

The Census reported that 53,018 people (97.9% of the population) lived in households, 207 (0.4%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 940 (1.7%) were institutionalized.

There were 15,644 households, out of which 8,177 (52.3%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 8,032 (51.3%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 2,962 (18.9%) had a female householder with no husband present, 1,315 (8.4%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,424 (9.1%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 115 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 2,679 households (17.1%) were made up of individuals, and 1,193 (7.6%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.39. There were 12,309 families (78.7% of all households); the average family size was 3.78.

The population was spread out, with 18,154 people (33.5%) under the age of 18, 5,879 people (10.9%) aged 18 to 24, 14,266 people (26.3%) aged 25 to 44, 10,773 people (19.9%) aged 45 to 64, and 5,093 people (9.4%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.2 males.

There were 16,734 housing units at an average density of 946.5 /mi2, of which 8,966 (57.3%) were owner-occupied, and 6,678 (42.7%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.9%; the rental vacancy rate was 6.3%. 30,016 people (55.4% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 23,002 people (42.5%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 39,615 people, 11,884 households, and 9,174 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,828.4 PD/sqmi. There were 12,691 housing units at an average density of 906.1 /mi2. The racial makeup of the city was 49.8% White, 1.3% African American, 1.7% Native American, 4.6% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 32.7% from other races, and 4.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 54.5% of the population.

There were 11,884 households, out of which 47.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.1% were married couples living together, 17.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.8% were non-families. 19.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.20 and the average family size was 3.62.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 34.3% under the age of 18, 10.8% from 18 to 24, 28.0% from 25 to 44, 17.5% from 45 to 64, and 9.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $32,046, and the median income for a family was $35,136. Males had a median income of $31,171 versus $23,737 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,745. About 20.3% of families and 25.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 33.7% of those under age 18 and 6.4% of those age 65 or over.

Municipal government
Porterville has operated as a charter city since 1926, giving it the power to make and enforce within its boundaries any law which does not conflict with the State or Federal government (as opposed to a general law city which operates exclusively under State law). The city's charter has been changed by the voters several times since then.

During the November 2008 Prop 8 election campaign, Porterville's City Council was the only City Council in all of California that passed a Resolution in favor of Prop 8. The Resolution urged voters to act on behalf of the council's personal, religious, and political interests. Local gay rights activists, such as Porterville LGBTQ, protested at subsequent City Council meetings for months afterwards, getting the attention of local media. Prop 8 amended California's constitution to deny marriage rights for same-sex couples. Porterville and Tulare County voters voted over 75% in favor of Prop 8, among the highest levels in the State of California, during the election. On August 4, 2010, Prop 8 was ruled unconstitutional under the 14th Amendment of the US Constitution. In June 2013, the mayor declared that month to be LGBT pride month, but that proclamation was subsequently rescinded by the city council. The City Council subsequently removed the Mayor responsible for introducing the proclamation, Virginia Gurrola. During a discussion on the establishment of anti-bullying youth safe zones, Gurrola's successor, Cam Hamilton, stated "I’m against bullying, but I’m getting damn tired of it being used as a mantra for everything when all most people have to do is grow a pair and stick up for them damn selves."

State and federal representation
In the California State Senate, Porterville is in the 14th district. In the California State Assembly, it is in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Porterville is in

Infrastructure
The United States Postal Service operates the Main Post Office at 65 W. Mill Street, the Town & Country Post Office at 1316 W. Olive Avenue, the Doyle Colony Post Office at 1391 E. Springville Avenue, and the Poplar Post Office at 14653 Road 192. The Main Post Office is listed in the National Register of Historic Places.

Largest employers
According to the city's 2020 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are:

In popular culture

 * The sheriff in Big Top Pee-wee (1988) received a report from Porterville about a windstorm approaching Pee-wee Herman's local town.
 * It received the All-America City Award in 1994.
 * In the science fiction novel The Santaroga Barrier (1968) Porterville is the nearest "normal town" to the fictional Santaroga situated in a valley 25 miles to the east of Porterville.
 * In the science fiction novel Lucifer's Hammer (1977), this city is destroyed by the collapse of the dam at Lake Success.
 * Porterville is the home of the Persian Lime.
 * Porterville has three structures that are listed in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP); The First Congregational Church, US Post Office- Porterville Main, The Zalud House Museum.
 * John Fogerty wrote the song "Porterville" while he was in the army. It was later recorded by his band, the Golliwogs. While the song was not a hit for the Golliwogs, it propelled the changes that morphed that band into Creedence Clearwater Revival. "Porterville" was then included on CCR's debut album titled Creedence Clearwater Revival.
 * On November 3, 2023, a fictional film directed by David M Parks about Porterville and was titled after the city was released on Amazon Prime and is about a former NYPD detective who moves to Porterville and becomes the new sheriff tasked with solving a string of murders causing a disturbance in the city. Taryn Manning and Caitlin O'Connor star in the film.

Notable people

 * Barbara Baxley, (1923-'90), film, stage and television actress
 * Dick Brooks - NASCAR driver
 * Brant Brown - Fresno State and Major League Baseball outfielder (Chicago Cubs, Pittsburgh Pirates, and Florida Marlins)
 * Tex Clevenger - Fresno State and Major League Baseball pitcher (Boston Red Sox, Washington Senators, Los Angeles Angels, and New York Yankees)
 * Steve Cox - Major League Baseball first baseman (Tampa Bay Devil Rays)
 * Allen Drury - novelist and 1960 Pulitzer Prize winner
 * Jessica Govea - Labor organizer, she worked closely with Cesar Chavez and led the Toronto grape boycott at the age of 21. She later taught labor history at Rutgers University and Cornell University
 * Vernon Grant - Artist and creator of Kellogg's characters: Snap, Crackle, and Pop, graduated from Porterville High School, class of 1921
 * Wayne Hardin - College Football Hall of Famer, former head football coach at Porterville College 1952 and 1953
 * Sim Iness - Oklahoma-born Olympic gold medalist in discus throw
 * Joan Marsh - actress
 * Michel Moore - Chief of Police of the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD)
 * Monte Moore - Major League Baseball player and Oakland Athletics broadcaster
 * Rance Mulliniks - Major League Baseball infielder (California Angels, Kansas City Royals, and Toronto Blue Jays)
 * Rick Owens - fashion designer
 * Bear Pascoe - football player for Fresno State and NFL's New York Giants
 * Charlotte Pendragon, two-time winner of Magician of the Year award
 * Helen M. Roberts - writer
 * James Sanders - football player for Fresno State and NFL's Atlanta Falcons
 * Bill Sharman - NBA Hall of Fame player and coach
 * Cam Smith - lead vocalist of international touring band Hotel Books
 * Joe Soto - professional mixed martial arts
 * Buzz Stephen - MLB pitcher
 * Kirsten Vangsness - actress (Criminal Minds)
 * Tim Vanni - two-time Olympic wrestler
 * Tim Vanni - two-time Olympic wrestler

Highways and freeways
California State Route 65, known as the All-American City Highway or Porterville Freeway, is a major north–south freeway and expressway that heads north to Lindsay and south to Bakersfield. California State Route 190 is a major east–west highway in Porterville that heads west to California State Route 99 in Tipton and east bypassing East Porterville to Springville.

Major highways

 * California 65.svg State Route 65
 * California 190.svg State Route 190

County highways

 * (CR J15) – Porterville
 * (CR J26) – Porterville
 * (CR J27) – Porterville
 * (CR J28) – Porterville
 * (CR J29) – Porterville
 * (CR J37) – Porterville
 * (CR J42) – East Porterville

Public transportation
With over 600,000 riderships annually, Porterville Transit operates environmentally-friendly and convenient public transportation to Porterville and the surrounding communities. Porterville COLT Paratransit service is designed for transit riders with disabilities that prevent them from using regular bus services. Porterville Transit and COLT services are provided within the city limits and to designated unincorporated urban areas of the county, including "county islands" within the city limits. In April 2020, the city began operating the transPORT service, mimicking on-demand private rideshare services like Uber and Lyft.

Tulare County Area Transit (TCaT) provides the public transit services between Porterville and smaller communities throughout the greater Porterville Area. Service includes Fixed Route and Demand Responsive services that are offered Monday through Saturday.

Air transportation
Porterville has one airport and offers 1 passenger Charter service, WestAir. The Porterville Municipal Airport. the nearby commercial airports include:

 * Fresno Yosemite International Airport, owned by the City of Fresno; serves the San Joaquin Valley.
 * Meadows Field Airport, also known as Kern County Airport #1, serves the South Valley and the Greater Metropolitan Bakersfield.

Porterville Gateway Airport Project
The City of Porterville has been awarded a federal grant for $4.44 million towards the rehabilitation of the Porterville Municipal Airport Taxiway. The grant has been awarded by the United States Department of Transportation through the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the Airport Improvement Program (AIP), which provides grants to public agencies for planning and development. The grant will pay ninety percent (90%) of the estimated total construction costs for the rehabilitation of the parallel taxiway and the reconfiguration of three connecting taxiways to meet current FAA geometry standards. The taxiway rehabilitation project is part of planned multi-phase enhancements that will construct significant upgrades to the Airport over the next several years, including a shift of the runway to increase the runway length from currently approximately 6,000 feet to 7,800 feet, making it possible to support the operation of large jet aircraft.

Newspaper
The Porterville Recorder is the daily newspaper serving Greater Porterville.

Radio Station
Radio stations KIOO (99.7 FM), K289AZ (105.7 FM, rebroadcasts KAWF), KMQA (100.5 FM) and  KTIP (1450 AM).

Television
TV station KTFF-DT and KVVG-LP are all licensed to Porterville.

Education
Most of Porterville is served by the Porterville Unified School District, while portions of the western section of the city are zoned to the Burton Elementary School District

Elementary schools

 * SantaFe Elementary School
 * Los Robles Elementary School
 * Vandalia Elementary School
 * Roche Avenue Elementary School
 * Belleview Elementary School
 * John J. Doyle Elementary School
 * Monte Vista Elementary School
 * Olive Street Elementary School
 * Westfield Elementary School
 * West Putnam Elementary School

Middle schools

 * Pioneer Middle School
 * Sequoia Middle School
 * Bartlett Middle School
 * Horizon Community Day School

High schools

 * Citrus High School
 * Porterville High School
 * Harmony Magnet Academy
 * Monache High School
 * Strathmore High School
 * Porterville Military Academy
 * Granite Hills High School

Alternative high schools

 * Prospect Education Center
 * Vine Street Community School

Adult schools

 * Porterville Adult School

Elementary schools

 * Oak Grove Elementary School
 * William R. Buckley Elementary School
 * Jim Maples Academy
 * Summit Charter Academy- Mathew Campus
 * Summit Charter Academy- Lombardi Campus
 * Burton Elementary School

Middle schools

 * Burton Middle School
 * Summit Charter Intermediate Academy

High schools

 * Summit Charter Collegiate Academy

Alternative schools

 * Burton Charter Home School

School Districts of the Greater Porterville area

 * Alta Vista Elementary School District
 * Burton School District
 * Ducor Elementary School District
 * Hope Elementary School District
 * Hot Springs School District
 * Lindsay Unified School District
 * Pleasant View Elementary School District
 * Porterville Unified School District
 * Rockford Elementary School District
 * Saucelito Elementary School District
 * Springville Union Elementary School District
 * Strathmore Union Elementary School District
 * Sunnyside Union Elementary School District
 * Terra Bella Elementary School District
 * Woodville Union Elementary School District

Higher education
There is one community college in Porterville, Porterville College (PC), and National University maintains a learning center within Porterville College.

In May 2017 San Joaquin Valley College opened a branch on Main Street; SJVC will be located in the former Family Health Care Network corporate offices and will use 5,000 sqft of the building per city policies until the city decides if it will allow the branch to operate as a full campus. It is expected that in the near future SJVC Porterville branch will also use the former bank building located next door for further expansion.

Courts

 * Tulare County - District Attorney- Office - 16 East Olive Avenue
 * Social Security Administration - Office - 890 West Morton Avenue

South County Justice Center
The new nine-courtroom, 96,000-square-foot courthouse replaced the previous overcrowded Porterville Courthouse. Completed in fall 2013, the $93 million courthouse — which was built by Sundt Construction Inc. and designed by CO Architects — provides the necessary space for expansion and enhanced security, enabling the court to greatly improve access and services.

The facility features chambers, courtroom holdings, jury deliberations rooms, support services, clerks offices and work areas, public walk-up windows and queuing, holding and below-grade sally port. The approximately eight-acre site includes parking and circulation and a featured courtyard scheme.

The courthouse is designed to achieve a LEED Silver certification by the U.S. Green Building Council. The building includes high-performance glass, window-shading devices to prevent direct sunlight, and better-insulated walls and roof, and a rain screen system.

It has more energy-efficient mechanical units, which incorporate the partial use of chilled beam passive cooling and radiant heat. The lighting will be high-efficient fluorescent and LED fixtures.

Other sustainable features include: low-use water fixtures and landscape, green roofs, recycling construction materials, the use of regional material and renewable materials as well as certified wood and natural light.

The center was funded under the Trial Court Facilities Act of 2002, made the state of California responsible for court facilities and court construction statewide, and designated a portion of court-user fees and penalties collected to fund the project.

Sister cities
Porterville's sister cities are:
 * Strathmore
 * Lindsay

title: Porterville, California


text:
Richgrove, California

Richgrove is a census-designated place (CDP) in Tulare County, California, United States. The population was 2,358 at the 2020 United States census, down from 2,882 at the 2010 census.

Geography
Richgrove is located at 35.79667°N, -119.10667°W (35.796677, -119.106654).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 0.5 sqmi, all of it land.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Richgrove had a population of 2,882. The population density was 6,376.2 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Richgrove was 1,068 (37.1%) White, 20 (0.7%) African American, 38 (1.3%) Native American, 140 (4.9%) Asian, 7 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 1,521 (52.8%) from other races, and 88 (3.1%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2,705 persons (93.9%).

The Census reported that 2,882 people (100% of the population) lived in households, 0 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 598 households, out of which 441 (73.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 410 (68.6%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 95 (15.9%) had a female householder with no husband present, 64 (10.7%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 54 (9.0%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 2 (0.3%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 20 households (3.3%) were made up of individuals, and 12 (2.0%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.82. There were 569 families (95.2% of all households); the average family size was 4.78.

The population was spread out, with 1,157 people (40.1%) under the age of 18, 387 people (13.4%) aged 18 to 24, 757 people (26.3%) aged 25 to 44, 451 people (15.6%) aged 45 to 64, and 130 people (4.5%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 22.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 111.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 108.8 males.

There were 610 housing units at an average density of 1,349.6 /mi2, of which 271 (45.3%) were owner-occupied, and 327 (54.7%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 0%; the rental vacancy rate was 0.3%. 1,247 people (43.3% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,635 people (56.7%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,723 people, 561 households, and 521 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 5,804.4 PD/sqmi. There were 586 housing units at an average density of 1,249.1 /mi2. The racial makeup of the CDP was 16.12% White, 0.07% African American, 0.81% Native American, 6.06% Asian, 0.22% Pacific Islander, 74.48% from other races, and 2.24% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 91.55% of the population.

There were 561 households, out of which 69.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.3% were married couples living together, 14.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 7.0% were non-families. 4.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 1.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.85 and the average family size was 4.93.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 43.5% under the age of 18, 12.1% from 18 to 24, 26.9% from 25 to 44, 13.1% from 45 to 64, and 4.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 21 years. For every 100 females, there were 112.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 111.1 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $22,885, and the median income for a family was $23,109. Males had a median income of $20,089 versus $12,500 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $6,415. About 33.1% of families and 36.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 46.2% of those under age 18 and 16.1% of those age 65 or over.

Politics
In the state legislature Richgrove is located in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Richgrove is in

title: Richgrove, California


text:
Springville, California

Springville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Tulare County, California, United States. The population was 967 at the 2020 census, up from 934 at the 2010 census. The original name of the town was “Daunt”, after William Daunt, a settler who opened the first store in the town in 1860. The name was changed to “Springville” in January, 1911, in reference to the soda springs found in the area.

Geography
Springville is located at 36.12833°N, -118.81889°W (36.128378, -118.819001).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 4.2 sqmi, of which, 4.2 sqmi of it is land and 0.02 sqmi of it (0.41%) is water.

Climate
This region experiences warm and dry summers, during which the temperature can reach up to 100 F. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Springville has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csb" on climate maps. Csb = Warm-summer Mediterranean climate; coldest month averaging above 0 °C (or -3 °C), all months with average temperatures below 22 °C, and at least four months averaging above 10 °C. At least three times as much precipitation in the wettest month of winter as in the driest month of summer, and driest month of summer receives less than 30 mm.

2010
At the 2010 census Springville had a population of 934. The population density was 222.4 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Springville was 836 (89.5%) White, 5 (0.5%) African American, 20 (2.1%) Native American, 7 (0.7%) Asian, 0 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 25 (2.7%) from other races, and 41 (4.4%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 109 people (11.7%).

The whole population lived in households, no one lived in non-institutionalized group quarters and no one was institutionalized.

There were 427 households, 96 (22.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 181 (42.4%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 39 (9.1%) had a female householder with no husband present, 21 (4.9%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 17 (4.0%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 4 (0.9%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 156 households (36.5%) were one person and 53 (12.4%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.19. There were 241 families (56.4% of households); the average family size was 2.85.

The age distribution was 173 people (18.5%) under the age of 18, 62 people (6.6%) aged 18 to 24, 161 people (17.2%) aged 25 to 44, 343 people (36.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 195 people (20.9%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 50.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.4 males.

There were 516 housing units at an average density of 122.9 per square mile, of the occupied units 264 (61.8%) were owner-occupied and 163 (38.2%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.3%; the rental vacancy rate was 15.1%. 581 people (62.2% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 353 people (37.8%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 1,109 people, 544 households, and 283 families in the CDP. The population density was 265.8 PD/sqmi. There were 613 housing units at an average density of 146.9 /mi2. The racial makeup of the CDP was 94.14% White, 0.09% African American, 0.54% Native American, 0.27% Asian, 1.80% from other races, and 3.16% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.59%.

Of the 544 households 22.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.6% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 47.8% were non-families. 41.9% of households were one person and 22.2% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.04 and the average family size was 2.80.

The age distribution was 21.6% under the age of 18, 3.6% from 18 to 24, 22.8% from 25 to 44, 28.6% from 45 to 64, and 23.4% 65 or older. The median age was 46 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.3 males.

The median household income was $24,271 and the median family income was $35,000. Males had a median income of $34,375 versus $31,406 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $19,695. About 21.6% of families and 25.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 42.5% of those under age 18 and 10.7% of those age 65 or over.

Politics
In the state legislature Springville is located in the 12th Senate District, represented by Republican Shannon Grove, and in the 32nd Assembly District, represented by Republican Vince Fong.

In the United States House of Representatives, Springville is in.

Natural history
The rare wildflower Clarkia springvillensis was discovered near and named after Springville in 1964.

Fictional references
In the science fiction novel Lucifer's Hammer, written by Larry Niven and Jerry Pournelle, fragments of a comet strike the Earth, causing massive tidal waves to destroy most of the planet's coastal cities. Los Angeles is completely destroyed, and the collapse of dams throughout California causes the San Joaquin Valley to become an inland sea. The second half of this novel focuses on an enclave of civilization in the fictional "Silver Valley", located slightly east or northeast of Springville, and just north of the Middle Fork of the Tule River.

Several key scenes in Alfred Hitchcock's Saboteur (1942) take place at a ranch in Springville.

title: Springville, California


text:
Strathmore, California

Strathmore is a census-designated place (CDP) in Tulare County, California, United States. The population was 2,819 at the 2010 census, up from 2,584 at the 2000 census.

History
Strathmore was given its name by the Scottish corporation Balfour Guthrie Company in 1908. It is a Scottish word which translates to “broad valley.” Previous names for Strathmore have been Roth Spur and Santos, CA.

Geography
Strathmore is located at 36.145°N, -119.05944°W (36.144891, -119.059506).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.4 sqmi, of which, 1.4 sqmi of it is land and 0.92% is water.

Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Strathmore has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.

2010
At the 2010 census Strathmore had a population of 2,819. The population density was 1,986.0 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Strathmore was 1,490 (52.9%) White, 12 (0.4%) African American, 41 (1.5%) Native American, 7 (0.2%) Asian, 1 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 1,162 (41.2%) from other races, and 106 (3.8%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2,238 persons (79.4%).

The whole population lived in households, no one lived in non-institutionalized group quarters and no one was institutionalized.

There were 705 households, 422 (59.9%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 411 (58.3%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 130 (18.4%) had a female householder with no husband present, 54 (7.7%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 51 (7.2%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 4 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 93 households (13.2%) were one person and 40 (5.7%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 4.00. There were 595 families (84.4% of households); the average family size was 4.35.

The age distribution was 1,051 people (37.3%) under the age of 18, 340 people (12.1%) aged 18 to 24, 696 people (24.7%) aged 25 to 44, 531 people (18.8%) aged 45 to 64, and 201 people (7.1%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 25.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.1 males.

There were 751 housing units at an average density of 529.1 per square mile, of the occupied units 366 (51.9%) were owner-occupied and 339 (48.1%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.9%; the rental vacancy rate was 6.4%. 1,475 people (52.3% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,344 people (47.7%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 2,584 people, 678 households, and 551 families in the CDP. The population density was 1,838.5 PD/sqmi. There were 743 housing units at an average density of 528.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 45.47% White, 0.23% African American, 1.08% Native American, 1.39% Asian, 47.64% from other races, and 4.18% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 68.54%.

Of the 678 households 51.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.2% were married couples living together, 15.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.7% were non-families. 15.9% of households were one person and 8.7% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 3.81 and the average family size was 4.25.

The age distribution was 38.5% under the age of 18, 12.6% from 18 to 24, 26.0% from 25 to 44, 15.9% from 45 to 64, and 6.9% 65 or older. The median age was 24 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.3 males.

The median household income was $25,156 and the median family income was $27,917. Males had a median income of $22,188 versus $19,542 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $8,128. About 24.2% of families and 30.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 41.3% of those under age 18 and 21.5% of those age 65 or over.

Politics
In the state legislature Strathmore is located in the 18th Senate District, represented by Republican Roy Ashburn, and in the 34th Assembly District, represented by Republican Bill Maze.

In the United States House of Representatives, Strathmore is in

title: Strathmore, California


text:
Terra Bella, California

Terra Bella is a census-designated place (CDP) in Tulare County, California, United States. The population was 2,910 at the 2020 census, down from 3,310 at the 2010 census.

Geography
Terra Bella is located at 35.96139°N, -119.04083°W (35.961292, -119.040914).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.7 sqmi, all of it land.

The community is served by the Terra Bella Irrigation District.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Terra Bella had a population of 3,310. The population density was 1,216.6 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Terra Bella was 1,426 (43.1%) White, 5 (0.2%) African American, 20 (0.6%) Native American, 75 (2.3%) Asian, 2 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 1,733 (52.4%) from other races, and 49 (1.5%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2,894 persons (87.4%).

The Census reported that 3,301 people (99.7% of the population) lived in households, 9 (0.3%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 787 households, out of which 510 (64.8%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 521 (66.2%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 93 (11.8%) had a female householder with no husband present, 78 (9.9%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 73 (9.3%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 10 (1.3%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 65 households (8.3%) were made up of individuals, and 25 (3.2%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.19. There were 692 families (87.9% of all households); the average family size was 4.41.

The population was spread out, with 1,256 people (37.9%) under the age of 18, 344 people (10.4%) aged 18 to 24, 926 people (28.0%) aged 25 to 44, 564 people (17.0%) aged 45 to 64, and 220 people (6.6%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 26.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.8 males.

There were 824 housing units at an average density of 302.9 /mi2, of which 381 (48.4%) were owner-occupied, and 406 (51.6%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 3.8%. 1,627 people (49.2% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,674 people (50.6%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,466 people, 779 households, and 701 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 2,003.6 PD/sqmi. There were 817 housing units at an average density of 472.3 /mi2. The racial makeup of the CDP was 28.85% White, 0.55% African American, 1.64% Native American, 3.58% Asian, 61.17% from other races, and 4.21% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 83.96% of the population.

There were 779 households, out of which 60.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.4% were married couples living together, 11.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 10.0% were non-families. 8.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.44 and the average family size was 4.60.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 38.0% under the age of 18, 14.2% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 14.8% from 45 to 64, and 5.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 24 years. For every 100 females, there were 118.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 117.0 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $25,313, and the median income for a family was $24,750. Males had a median income of $20,469 versus $17,188 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $7,034. About 34.7% of families and 39.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 48.6% of those under age 18 and 20.0% of those age 65 or over.

Politics
In the state legislature Terra Bella is located in the 16th Senate District, represented by Democrat Dean Florez, and in the 30th Assembly District, represented by Republican Danny Gilmore.

In the United States House of Representatives, Terra Bella is in

title: Terra Bella, California