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Talk:Custer County, South Dakota

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County Name
It would be interesting to know when the county was formed and who or what it was named for. As a non-American who associates the name Custer readily with the general who was killed in battle warring against Sitting Bull's Native Americans, it looks ironic that the county should contain an under-construction memorial to Crazy Horse, contemporary to Sitting Bull. If the name is totally unrelated to the general it would be clarifying to know.Cloptonson (talk) 08:27, 8 September 2013 (UTC)

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Talk:Davison County, South Dakota

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Talk:Day County, South Dakota

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Talk:Deuel County, South Dakota

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Encinitas, California

Encinitas (Spanish for "Small Oaks") is a beach city in the North County area of San Diego County, California. Located within Southern California, it is approximately 25 mi north of San Diego, between Solana Beach and Carlsbad, and about 95 mi south of Los Angeles. As of the 2020 United States census, the city had a population of 62,007, up from 59,518 at the 2010 census.

History
The first people to settle in Encinitas were the Kumeyaay. Gaspar de Portolá, governor of Baja California, visited the area in 1769 during the Portolá expedition and met residents from the nearby Kumeyaay village of Jeyal (or Heyal), near the San Elijo Lagoon. Portolá named the valley Los Encinos for the oak forest along El Camino Real, where there was also a village that was likely known as Hakutl in New Encinitas.

After Mexican Independence, land was granted to Andrés Ybarra in 1842 to build Rancho Las Encinitas in what is now Olivenhain and New Encinitas, from which Encinitas got its namesake. Encinitas is a Spanish name meaning "little oaks".

The town of Old Encinitas was formed in 1881 by Jabez Pitcher.

The city was incorporated by 69.3% of the voters in 1986 from the communities of historic Encinitas, New Encinitas (Village Park, etc.), Leucadia, Cardiff-by-the-Sea, and Olivenhain.

Geography
Encinitas lies on a rugged coastal terrace. The city is bisected by a low-lying coastal ridge that separates New and Old Encinitas. In the north of the city, the coast rises in elevation and the land is raised up in the form of many coastal bluffs, which are subject to collapsing on the narrow beach. The city is bounded by Batiquitos Lagoon to the north and San Elijo Lagoon to the south.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 20.0 sqmi, 18.8 sqmi of which is land and 1.2 sqmi of which (5.89%) is water. The city's elevation ranges between sea level and 402 ft above sea level.

Communities
Encinitas can be divided into five areas:
 * Old Encinitas: a small beachside area featuring a mix of businesses and housing styles. Sitting along Coast Highway 101 (Historic US 101), the Encinitas welcome arch, the famous surf break Swamis, and the early 20th-century La Paloma Theatre are located here. Old Encinitas is divided from New Encinitas by a low coastal ridge.
 * New Encinitas: a newer region that features a golf course and many shopping centers and which is composed of larger tract homes.
 * Olivenhain: a semi-rural region in eastern Encinitas, composed of mostly single-family homes, a 4-H Club, and several private equestrian facilities. German immigrants established the Olivenhain Colony in the late 19th century under the Homestead Act of 1862. Olivenhain connects to Rancho Santa Fe via Encinitas Boulevard.
 * Leucadia: a coastal community of the city, featuring tree-lined streets and boulevards, art galleries, unusual stores, and restaurants, along with single-family homes and beaches such as Beacons and Grandview.
 * Cardiff-by-the-Sea: Encinitas' southernmost oceanfront community, which features streets named after British cities and classical composers, the Lux Art Institute, and the San Elijo Campus of Mira Costa College.

Climate
Encinitas has a very mild, Mediterranean climate. Average daily high temperature is 72 F. Temperatures below 40 F and above 85 F are rare. Average rainfall is about 10 inch per year. The wet season lasts during the winter and spring, when temperatures are usually cool. Average daytime temperatures hit 65 °F in winter and spring, when rain and marine layer (fog, known locally as May Gray/June Gloom) are common. Nighttime lows range from 45 to 55 °F. The dry season lasts from summer through fall, with average daytime temperatures ranging from 75 to 85 °F, and nighttime lows being from the upper 50s–60s°F. Ocean water temperatures average 60 °F in winter, 64 °F in spring, 70 °F in summer, and 66 °F in fall. In winter, strong Pacific storms can bring heavy rain. During the winter of 2015–2016, the area saw rounds of severe thunderstorms.

2010
At the 2010 census, Encinitas had a population of 59,518, with a population density of 2,977.5 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Encinitas was 51,067 (85.8%) White, 361 (0.6%) African American, 301 (0.5%) Native American, 2,323 (3.9%) Asian, 91 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 3,339 (5.6%) from other races, and 2,036 (3.4%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8,138 persons (13.7%).

The census reported that 58,990 people (99.1% of the population) lived in households, 123 (0.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 405 (0.7%) were institutionalized.

Of the 24,082 households, 6,997 (29.1%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 12,113 (50.3%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 1,950 (8.1%) had a female householder with no husband present, 981 (4.1%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,359 (5.6%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 169 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 6,303 households (26.2%) were one person and 2,118 (8.8%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.45. There were 15,044 families (62.5% of households); the average family size was 2.98.

The age distribution was 12,285 people (20.6%) under the age of 18, 3,767 people (6.3%) aged 18 to 24, 16,584 people (27.9%) aged 25 to 44, 19,239 people (32.3%) aged 45 to 64, and 7,643 people (12.8%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 41.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.3 males. Females comprise the majority of Encinitas' population at 50.5% as of April 2010.

There were 25,740 housing units at an average density of 1,287.7 per square mile, of the occupied units 15,187 (63.1%) were owner-occupied and 8,895 (36.9%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.3%. 39,101 people (65.7% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 19,889 people (33.4%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 58,014 people in 22,830 households, including 14,291 families, in the city. The population density was 3,035.6 /mi2. There were 23,843 housing units at an average density of 1,247.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 86.60% White, 0.59% Black or African American, 0.46% Native American, 3.10% Asian, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 6.28% from other races, and 2.85% from two or more races. 14.80% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 22,830 households 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.1% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.4% were non-families. 25.7% of households were one person and 6.9% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.06.

The age distribution was 23.1% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 33.4% from 25 to 44, 25.9% from 45 to 64, and 10.4% 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.3 males.

The median household income was $63,954 and the median family income was $78,104. Males had a median income of $51,132 versus $38,606 for females. The per capita income for the city was $34,336. About 3.8% of families and 7.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.9% of those under age 18 and 5.7% of those age 65 or over.

Arts and culture
Encinitas Ballet. Encinitas Ballet is a classical ballet studio in Encinitas. It was established in 2008 by Sayat Asatryan, former principal dancer of the Kremlin Ballet Theatre, and Olga Tchekachova, former soloist of the Mariinsky Ballet II.

Regular events

 * April Street Fair: annual two-day street fair, held every April in downtown Encinitas
 * Encinitas Bazaar Marketplace: a colorful, outdoor shopping experience
 * Deep Pit BBQ: held the end of May at the San Dieguito Heritage Museum
 * Encinitas Environment Day: held on the 2nd Sunday of June, with environmentally themed games and entertainment for families.
 * Lima Bean Faire and Battle of the Beans Cook-off: held each September at the San Dieguito Heritage Museum, 450 Quail Gardens Drive
 * Fall Festival: annual one-day street fair, held each November in downtown Encinitas
 * OktoberFest: held on the last Sunday in September to coincide with the Oktoberfest celebrations in Germany.
 * Classic Car Cruise Nights: classic cars line Coast Highway 101 in downtown Encinitas on the third Thursday of each month, May–September
 * The Wavecrest Woodie Meet: takes place once a year on the third Saturday of September at Moonlight State Beach. It is the largest rally of wooden-bodied vehicles in the world and it is free to the public and to participants.
 * Wellness Week: annual week-long program of events and special offers designed to help people learn about and experience ways to improve their well-being
 * Salute to Education: Encinitas Chamber of Commerce Salute to Education event that is held each year in June, honoring local teachers and students for their outstanding efforts during the current school year. This event is hosted each year by Rancho Santa Fe Security Systems.
 * Switchfoot Bro-Am: annual free surf competition and outdoor music festival usually held in early July at Moonlight State Beach, home of the world's only surf jousting competition, along with several other competitive surfing events. All proceeds from the event go to local charities.

Surfing Madonna
In 2011, Mark Patterson and Robert Nichols illegally installed a 10 x mosaic of a surfing Virgin de Guadalupe on the north concrete support wall of the train bridge on Encinitas Boulevard, leading to a battle over whether it should be removed or preserved. It was named "the Surfing Madonna" by the media and public.

Museums and other points of interest
The Lux Art Institute, San Dieguito Heritage Museum, and Encinitas Historical Society are located in Encinitas. Other points of interest include the San Diego Botanic Garden, Self-Realization Fellowship temple and Hermitage, the historic La Paloma Theatre, Moonlight Beach, and one of California's classic downtown areas along historic Coast Highway 101. Surfing is a popular activity in Encinitas, particularly at Swami's, which is rated in the top five surf locations in the world and is mentioned in a verse of The Beach Boys' song "Surfin' U.S.A." The bronze statue Humanity by Maidy Morhous was installed at J Street Overview in 2018 as a donation from Sue and Jay Vicory. Manchester Reserve is great for nature walk and light hiking.

Cardiff Kook - Magic Carpet Ride
Magic Carpet Ride, affectionately known by Encinitas locals as the Cardiff Kook, is a 16 ft bronze statue located in Cardiff-by-the-Sea. The San Diego Architectural Foundation, in its annual Orchids & Onions awards for the best and worst architecture of the year, awarded the Kook an Onion in 2007. The nickname comes from a derogatory surfer slang term for a "wannabe" surfer, as surfers in the area realized that the statue's form whilst "surfing" was far from correct. However, the Kook has become a local favorite in the city and has many wonderful traditions associated with it. At various times during the year, the Kook is "vandalized" and dressed up (wearing a lucha libre mask, being eaten by a papier-mâché shark, wearing a full Uncle Sam costume for Independence Day, used by local high school students to ask each other to school dances, etc.), bringing local flair and tourists constantly to the statue.

Economy
Since 1982, the Encinitas 101 Main Street Association has helped keep downtown Encinitas economically viable yet historic and beachy. Downtown Encinitas is vibrant and full of thriving local salons, restaurants, shops, bars, and art galleries.

Transportation
Coaster trains stop at Encinitas station multiple times a day, seven days a week, with service from Oceanside to San Diego. Between 2013 and 2017, Amtrak's Pacific Surfliner also stopped here but discontinued the stop due to low ridership.

Local government
The city is currently governed by a five-member city council, with a mayor and four council members. The mayor is elected citywide and the council members are elected by district to staggered four-year terms at two-year intervals. The deputy mayor is chosen by the city council members from among themselves.

In elections held in November 2012, Encinitas voted yes on ballot measures to allow them to directly elect its mayor, with term lengths of two years, rather than the mayor being chosen by members of the city council for one-year terms. The first such direct election for mayor took place in 2014.

The city has been repeatedly sued over policies that are allegedly aimed at undermining state affordable housing laws.

State and federal representation
In the California State Legislature, Encinitas is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Encinitas is in California's 49th congressional district and is represented by.

School districts

 * Cardiff School District
 * Encinitas Union School District
 * San Dieguito Union High School District

Visual Art schools

 * Watts Atelier of the Arts

Colleges

 * California Institute for Human Science
 * Mira Costa College District
 * Mira Costa College, San Elijo Campus
 * St. Katherine College

High schools

 * Grauer School (private, college preparatory)
 * San Dieguito Academy
 * Pacific Academy
 * Sunset Continuation High School

Middle schools

 * Diegueño Middle School
 * Encinitas Country Day School (private Middle School)
 * Grauer School (private)
 * Oak Crest Middle School
 * The Rhoades School (private)

Elementary schools

 * Ada Harris Elementary School
 * Cardiff Elementary School
 * Capri Elementary School
 * Encinitas Country Day School (private)
 * Flora Vista Elementary School
 * Ocean Knoll Elementary School
 * Olivenhain Pioneer Elementary School
 * Park Dale Lane Elementary School
 * Paul Ecke Central Elementary School
 * Rancho Encinitas Academy (private)
 * The Rhoades School (private)
 * Saint John The Evangelist School (private)
 * Sanderling Waldorf School (private)

Notable people

 * Guy Beahm, video game streamer and internet personality known as "Dr DisRespect"
 * Cindy Lee Berryhill, American singer-songwriter and wife of the late Paul Williams
 * Jerry Buss, owner of the Los Angeles Lakers
 * Diana Serra Cary, child star known as Baby Peggy
 * Michael Chang, professional tennis player
 * Claire Chase, classical flautist
 * Harold Cohen, pioneer of computer-generated art
 * Tom Dempsey, record-setting NFL kicker
 * Richard Dreyfuss, American actor
 * Robert Ellsworth, lawmaker and aide to Richard Nixon
 * John Fairchild, professional basketball player
 * Manny Farber, film critic
 * Mary Fleener, underground comics artist
 * Tim Foreman, bassist for Switchfoot
 * Lukas Gage, actor
 * Rune Glifberg, Danish professional skateboarder
 * Tony Hawk, professional skateboarder
 * Kit Horn, pioneer surfer
 * Mel Hutchins, Brigham Young University All-American and NBA All-Star
 * Bobbi Jordan, actress
 * Allan Kaprow, American painter, assemblagist and a pioneer in establishing the concepts of performance art
 * Cloris Leachman American actress and comedienne
 * Hugh Martin, Broadway and film composer, Meet Me in St. Louis
 * Jerry Mathers, American actor
 * Jack McDowell, baseball player and musician
 * Mike McGill, professional skateboarder. inventor of the McTwist
 * Jeremy McGrath, Supercross racer
 * Mark McMorris, professional Canadian snowboarder (two-time Olympic Bronze Medalist)
 * Mickey Moniak, baseball player
 * Patti Page, American pop singer and actress
 * Emily Ratajkowski, model and actress
 * Ravi Shankar, acclaimed sitarist
 * Staciana Stitts, 2000 Olympic gold medalist
 * Jack Tempchin American musician and singer-songwriter
 * Patricia Canning Todd, tennis champion, refused to play on side court
 * Eddie Vedder, lead singer of Pearl Jam
 * Joe Walsh, American rock guitarist, singer, and songwriter
 * Irene Ware, actress
 * Ryn Weaver, singer/songwriter
 * Bryce Wettstein, professional skateboarder
 * Paul Williams, journalist, author, creator/publisher of first US magazine of rock

Sister cities

 * Amakusa City, Japan

title: Encinitas, California


text:
Talk:Dewey County, South Dakota

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The 07:02, 8 December 2009 SmackBot version of this article is translated into Chinese Wikipedia.--Wing (talk) 20:59, 17 December 2009 (UTC)

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Talk:Douglas County, South Dakota

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Talk:Edmunds County, South Dakota

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Talk:Blast beat

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The classic blast beat is alternating bass and snare done at a 16th note pace with cymbal synced to the bass hits. 1 and is bass and e and a is snare. Doing full 16ths on snare alone is more of a gravity blast.

many drummers do, in fact, play blasts with 1 foot, unless their playing at ludicrous speeds, like 240 up. so anyway, i'm changing that.

This list was removed from the article for lack or sources. --The_stuart 17:35, 9 July 2007 (UTC)

Key artists

 * Nicholas Barker (ex-Dimmu Borgir, Lock Up, ex-Cradle of Filth, Old Man's Child, Testament)
 * Charlie Benante (Anthrax, S.O.D.)
 * Scott Lewis (Brutal Truth, Winter)
 * Jan Axel Blomberg (also known as Hellhammer) (Mayhem, Dimmu Borgir)
 * Joey Jordison (Slipknot)
 * Doug Bohn (Suffocation)
 * Dave Culross (Suffocation, Malevolent Creation)
 * Max Duhamel (Kataklysm)
 * Kai Hahto (Wintersun, Rotten Sound, Swallow the Sun)
 * Mick Harris (Napalm Death)
 * Alex Hernandez (Immolation)
 * Danny Herrera (Napalm Death)
 * Max Kolesne (Krisiun)
 * George Kollias (Nile)
 * Flo Mounier (Cryptopsy)
 * Ken Owen (Carcass)
 * Rob Proctor (Assück)
 * Zbigniew Robert "Inferno" Promiński (Behemoth)
 * Krzysztof "Doc" Raczkowski (Vader, Dies Irae)
 * Derek Roddy (Nile, Aurora Borealis, Hate Eternal, Today Is The Day, Malevolent Creation, Divine Empire)
 * Pete Sandoval (Terrorizer, Morbid Angel)
 * Mike Smith (Suffocation)
 * Kevin Talley (Dying Fetus, Misery Index, DÅÅTH)
 * Trym Torson (Emperor, Enslaved, Zyklon)
 * Andy Whale (Bolt Thrower)
 * Dave Witte (Human Remains, Black Army Jacket, Birds of Prey, Discordance Axis, Municipal Waste, Hope Collapse, Melt-Banana, Burnt by the Sun)
 * Tim Yeung (Hate Eternal, Decrepit Birth, World Under Blood, Agiel
 * Francesco Paoli (Fleshgod Apocalypse)

nu-metal?
Since when do nu-metal bands use blast beats? Neither of the bands listed have their usage mentioned on their respective page. I removed the reference fr now - if someone can confirm nu-metal bands use blast beats do re-add it Spearhead 15:59, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

Listen to the track People = Shit by Slipknot, or Three Nil, also by Slipknot and try tell me Joey Jordison does not use blast beats, in Slipknot which is classified mainly as Nu-Metal. User:Kit Fallapart 22:16, 20 September 2006

 * "Blast beats are a prominent feature of death metal, black metal and grindcore, although they make appearances in other genres from time to time" should cover that. It's not a main feature of nu-metal. Spearhead 16:53, 20 September 2006 (UTC)

---

It tould be awesome if some one could add a .ogg blast beat demonstartion.--The_stuart 22:30, 25 Jun 2005 (UTC)

I'm fairly positive that Napalm Death's first drummer was Mick Harris not Mitch Harris. If I'm wrong, please undo my changes.

--User:Macho

 * Not the first, but at least he's the drummer. Mitch is the guitarist (unrelated) Spearhead 21:37, 1 May 2005 (UTC)

Do what????

 * Should be performed with one foot for the best effect.

I'm no drummer, but since when did anybody play a snare with their feet? --Camembert

''What's more, what is the 'point of retribution'??? Is this a drummer thang???quercus robur''

 * I didn't even notice that - sounds like tremendous fun (for somebody), whatever it is. --Camembert

I made a bit of a cleanup, but am unable to contribute more as I'm not much of a metalhead.

--Furrykef 05:02, 15 May 2004 (UTC)

 * I think that the wording "torrents of alternating snare and bass" is confusing. If the bass and snare were played alternately, would this not be the 'bomtish' beat that is often played by a wide variety of metal bands (thrash etc. especially). I have always held blastbeat to mean where bass and snare are played simultaneously.

 * I also read in an interview with derek roddy that blastbeats originate in extreme jazz, and many of the players could play the beats far faster than many metal players due to their skill.

--Anon

BLAST BEATS
Takin' It To the Streets, by the Doobie Brothers. Now that song is catchy.

Blast beats are the torrents of alternating snare and bass which increase the speed of death metal at the point of retribution. Should be preformed with a single bass pedal --65.212.160.75 16:25, 11 Jul 2004 (UTC)

I added some stuff, added a bit of history, as far as I know, it's the earliest album with blast beats on it. If anyone knows an earlier one, feel free to correct.

Blast beat tab
If someone could add a tab or notation of a blast beat like on D-beat, that'd be great. —Quirk 23:20, 22 December 2005 (UTC)

Removal of "Notable artists"
Spearhead has repeatedly removed artists who who "notable artists" (supposedly, I'm not sure, It's not my favorite genre of music). Is this vandalism and personal preferences, or are these drummers actually NOT notable artists. Both Spearhead and users adding artists, such as dbftz, seem to be contributive, productive users. Evan Seeds (talk) 16:19, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Many drummers are repeatedly added to this list by mostly anonymous users... for many of them I'm not even sure they use blast beats at all. Hence I slammed the comment in article to discuss additions on the talk page first. So I am quite aggresssively removing drummers from this list (as well as other of these controversial lists) Spearhead 16:32, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Alright, fair enough. I'll trust your discretion then. Evan Seeds (talk) 22:08, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Umm, how about instead of randomly removing all drummers, you instead just check out the drummer to see if they actually are a death metal drummer? Just removing all notable artists would be like removing all bands from the list of notable death metal bands, just because they "might not even be death metal." Isn't the fundamental assumption with Wikipedia that generally, people do the best they can to post accurate information? If we can't trust this, what the hell is the point of an encyclopedia which anyone can edit?

(unsigned)

 * Certainly Vaders drummer, who I added, should be on the list --PopUpPirate 08:17, 31 March 2006 (UTC)

 * There are many drummers that can play blast beats, however not all of them contributed something to the technique or application thereof. This list should grow to cover all of these drummers, but just the crucial ones. If you want such a list of all drummers that play blastbeats, start List of drummers that use blast beats. Spearhead 11:11, 31 March 2006 (UTC)

 * I added Attila, one of the earliest documented examples of a blastbeat in a song/instrumental. It is as provable as anything else on this page and deserves inclusion as it is possibly the first blast beat ever played. It belongs in the history section. User:Kit Fallapart 22:19 20 September 2006

 * is it? I never heard it referenced as a blast beat inspirtation. And AFAIK it's never been cited as a source of inspiration for blast beat drummers. Also "Jon small" "blast beats" doesn't find any articles... and blast beasts and attila seems only to find articles linking to Mayhem. Spearhead 16:50, 20 September 2006 (UTC)

Ok, I re-added Fenriz of Darkthrone and added Varg Vikernes, the reasons are that both have used blast beats before some bands that appear on the list. Darkthrone is obvious, but before you start asking "why Varg?" Well, listen to his first Album (Burzum), blast beats are used there and that album is older than some bands mentioned on the list, and since Burzum/Darkthrone are considered to be of the most influential Black metal bands, I really think they should be on the list. Cancerbero 8 20:11, 13 January 2007 (UTC)

 * And so I re-removed them. Neither are key artists and Varg isn't even a notable drummer; the fact that they do use blasts doesn't warrant inclusion. Only drummers that added anything substantial to the technique / style should be here on the list, not every drummer that uses blasts. Spearhead 21:28, 13 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Your need to keep it so confined and control it (which is ridiculous) makes the list itself seem unnecessary to be included in the article and you'd likely do better to consider splitting it out entirely in a new article just as you suggested above. Especially since you aren't providing adequate reasoning behind your iron-grip on the section in order to keep a majority of the artists that comprise the list currently, aside from Mick Harris, Charlie Benante, Alex Hernandez, Flo Mounier, Pete Sandoval, Max Duhamel and Dave Hollingshead who actually are mentioned in the body of the article. --75.2.60.123 06:47, 17 January 2007 (UTC)

 * I am not adding such a list as I doubt that it would be a valid category acocrding to WP policy and I don't see any need for it. But I won't stand in any one's way to create it. Second, like I said before, the list is not intended to be an indefinite list of all drummers that use blast beats, simply for the reason that that would be thousands. What is listed here are drummers that actually contributed to the technique/style - maybe few are more in the category good examples. My reasoning for inclusion is simply - provide actual reasons why the should be included in the list. Putting in "hey drummer X uses blasts" or "band Y is very popular" or "this band is really old and uses blasts" are simply not very good reasons. Like what happened on the similar article death grunt we can put up a voting here as for whom to include. Spearhead 16:47, 17 January 2007 (UTC)

 * The name "key artists" causes confusion, because you're saying "only those that contributed to the technique" doesn't mean that those who use blast beats in all of their songs shouldn't be included. I had re-added Fenriz because all of Darkthrone songs have blast beats, since their first album to the newest one, I mean, have you even listened to the Transilvanian Hunger album for example? "Key artists" should be a guide for people to listen to a song by certain band and understand what blast beats are if they don't actually understand the terminology used or don't want to listen to the sample file or whatever, what if they listened to "The pestilence that walketh in darkness" by Cryptopsy because Mounier is mentioned a lot in the article? Darkthrone is not only a popular band, but they have more albums than some of the bands mentioned AND they use blast beats in ALL of the songs; and how have some of the bands there contributed to the technique? If you really want to keep this list only with the artists YOU want, then at least mention in the article that your list includes only those who have helped the technique, not only being pioneers in performing it. Cancerbero 8 01:40, 19 January 2007 (UTC)

 * "Key" means "essential" or "fundamental" which rather different from "uses all the time". If that would be the criteria... this list would become really long. If you want to point ppl to listen to a sample... include a sample (which there already is) Spearhead 16:47, 19 January 2007 (UTC)

John Longstreth should be on this list, it's really funny that you seem to think otherwise while maintaining that "Only drummers that added anything substantial to the technique / style should be here on the list".

 * Frost from Satyricon should be on his list, because he plays extremely tight and very fast beats on many albums, especially on Rebel Extravaganza. blobtick

 * This section should be removed... There is one user who keeps on keeping the artists he thinks are notable and removing those that the other people think are notable... This is completely stupid, just remove the list... Those who are important are already mentioned on the article...--Cancerbero 8 01:09, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

Current picture
The tab in the picture does NOT depict a blast beat but rather an ordinary double time drum beat. A blast beat has a snare hit every 8th note, i.e. 8 snare hits in a 4/4 bar. The picture needs to be corrected or removed. - Quirk 20:34, 14 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Removed. If someone has Sibelius or a similar tabbing program please feel free to add a correct tablature of a blast beat. - Quirk 20:39, 14 April 2006 (UTC)

Technical definition?
According to the article, a blast beat is solely a beat consisting of alternating bass and snare beats (sort of a reverse polka/punk beat). However, from what I've heard as a drummer, and what seems to be common knowledge among drummers, a blast beat is generally constant eight/sixteenth notes or triplets on the bass drum with a normal back beat pattern on the cymbal and snare, which contradicts the article's definition. Is there any 'official' source of which is which? -- Evan S e eds (talk) 05:02, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

It's ok, I've made the correction. Sepul^ 13:29, 21 September 2006 (UTC)

Sound sample/Technical Definition
The .ogg file posted here definitely has the blast beat backwards. The vast majority of blast beats alternate between the bass drum/cymbal and the snare, with the bass drum/cymbal coming first. It's like a polka beat played at a ludicrous speed. Some drummers play a double bass drum roll underneath the cymbal and snare; others simply hit the bass drum, cymbal, and snare at the same time as fast as humanly possible. I've also seen several drummers switch hands while going into blast beats so that their stronger (usually right) arm will hit the snare at the same time as the bass drum.

Very few, however, play blast beats with the snare/cymbal leading before the kick drum, as it is in the sound sample on this page. Although there are some drummers who play it this way, it's pretty far from being the norm. I think most drummers would agree that, while there are many different ways of playing it, the most common blast beat consists of rapidly alternating kick/cymbal and snare hits-- not the other way around.

there seems to be a lot of confusion about a technical defnition of a blast beat. distinguishing between the euroblast and the u.s.-blast might bring some clarification. as far as I have experienced it, the more european style of blast beat is the one with cymbal and base together and the snare syncopated. the u.s.-stile is base, cymbal and snare toghether. listening samples of euro blast is practically all black metal (emperor, keep of kalessin, etc.), a sample for u.s.-blast would be Arsis or most american, especially tampa bay death metal. to create what has been called a "wall of sound" the u.s.-blastbeat requires more speed (since the sincopated snare of the euro-blast makes it even at 160bpm seem really fast). the term euro-blast and u.s.-blast should not divide the metal/grind scene into two fractions but show the slight differences of the interpretation of what a "wall of sound" is. plus, both styles are used in the u.s. and europe.

the .ogg sample would be a backward euro-blast.

 * The December 2007 issue of Modern Drummer has it notated as bass+ride and snare alternating. It goes on to give a few other examples, but the european style is essentially described as the basis for all methods. Thedarxide (talk) 16:20, 28 November 2007 (UTC)

Beastie Boys "Riot Fight"
thats right, you missed it!!

Iron Maiden?
The title song off of Iron Maiden's self titled released in 1980 utilizes a blast beat, making it among the first significant uses of it; the song, recorded onto that album in 1980, was written earlier and was featured on Maiden's Soundhouse Tapes, which were recorded in 1978. Iron Maiden was not only a large influence on the 80s metal scene, but did reach some fans in the hardcore punk community, which might indicate that D.R.I. among many others were inspired to use blast beats by them. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.95.47.42 (talk) 00:18, 30 June 2008 (UTC)

Where in the song do you hear this? Bossk-Office (talk) 07:32, 31 August 2010 (UTC)

Thomas Lang Demonstrating Blast Beat
I added a link to Drummerworld and Thomas Lang demonstrating a Blast beat. Seems appropriate to have a visual, especially from Lang. Regards GetAgrippa (talk) 22:09, 25 July 2008 (UTC)

Probably a good resource
I am no drummer, so can't really contribute to the technical aspect of this article but this looks like it should be a decent resource for some with more understanding than I :) Blackmetalbaz (talk) 15:02, 24 January 2009 (UTC)
 * Another decent source that may be of some use found here and here. Allegedly Derek Roddy is interviewed in Issue 5, which is supposedly online. Blackmetalbaz (talk) 16:43, 9 May 2009 (UTC)

What’s the ”Ekeroth” source?
One of the footnotes just reads ”Ekeroth, page 22”. But there’s no bibliography and no mention of this book anywhere. We should fix this! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 83.251.142.68 (talk) 07:16, 31 August 2010 (UTC)

Baker and Moon
This drum pattern seems to me to be identical to that performed live by Ginger Baker in SWLABR and Keith Moon in Happy Jack, both of which were often played much faster live than on the studio versions, and both of them predating 1982 by a good deal. Check out YouTube for some appalling recordings of awesome drumming of the period. (Or perhaps I'm just showing my age.) Andrewa (talk) 18:19, 31 January 2012 (UTC)
 * Youtube isn't a reliable source for this sort of thing (for example, you couldn't say "Ginger Baker and Keith Moon both played blast beats live "). But if you found a reliable source discussing their playing as incorporating blast beats live, that could probably be added. MrMoustacheMM (talk) 00:39, 1 February 2012 (UTC)
 * Agree, we should not update the article just on the information I've provided (otherwise I would have!). This is just a start, a heads-up that there's a possibility that the current article is wrong or at least misleading about the technique dating from 1982.
 * What it actually says is  Daniel Ekeroth argues that the blast beat was first performed by the Swedish D-beat group Asocial on their 1982 demo. . This is presumably a reference to Daniel Ekeroth's book Swedish Death Metal ; The ref should also be fixed.
 * I'm almost tempted to fix the ref at least, but really shouldn't as I'm guessing and haven't sighted the book. It looks as if this claim, ref and all, has been cut and pasted from another article, and the ref refers back to an earlier, fuller reference to Ekeroth's book in that source article, which unfortunately didn't come with what we now have. If we could find the specific edits, that would probably provide some valid reasons for fixing it.
 * But then, I also wonder how reliable Ekeroth is on the matter of the origins of the technique? Andrewa (talk) 10:53, 3 February 2012 (UTC)

Adam MacGregor's definition
"The blast-beat generally comprises a repeated, sixteenth-note figure played at a very fast tempo, and divided uniformly among the bass drum, snare, and ride, crash, or hi-hat cymbal."

I think the quoted definition in the opening passage is too specific - not all the examples given in the article are sixteenth-note, including the tab right next to the quote. Also what does "divided uniformly" mean? - is it a bizarre way of saying 'played on all of...'?Bitbut (talk) 02:57, 5 February 2012 (UTC)

Cyclone blast
This video depicts a blast beat known as a cyclone blast beat with the double bass being used in "bursts". Songs this is heard in are Fear Factory's "Cyberwaste" and Asesino's "Regresando Odio". — Preceding unsigned comment added by RadiumMetal (talk • contribs) 17:13, 26 May 2013 (UTC)
 * I don't see that video to be enough of a reliable source for confirming that "cyclone blast beat" is a term that should be included here. Can you find better sources discussing "cyclone blast beats"? MrMoustacheMM (talk) 19:48, 26 May 2013 (UTC)

Angelo Spampinato
There's a drummer named Angelo Spampinato but he looks young to be a jazz drummer from the 50's, 60's or 70's. So I think it should be removed among the blast beat pioneers. --Generale Lee (talk) 13:44, 23 November 2016 (UTC)

Jazz
The bit about Trio of Doom is okay, but isn't it a bit ridiculous to single out Tony Williams of all the jazz drummers? there are clearly "blast beats" on Albert Ayler's "Nuits de la Fondation Maeght" - 1970 - just for example - and probably plenty a lot earlier than that — Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.171.245.83 (talk) 23:44, 23 November 2017 (UTC)

Rude kids (1979) - First blast beats or proto blast beats
Swedish band Rude kids on album Safe Society (https://www.discogs.com/The-Rude-Kids-Safe-Society/master/1059426) link to video  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oWr_aNrBg7M delete that soft jazz Trio of doom Sergey Woropaew (talk) 06:50, 12 February 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Blast beat


text:
Scouting in Ohio

Scouting in Ohio has a long history, from the 1908 to the present day, serving thousands of youth in programs that suit the environment in which they live.

Recent history (1950–1990)
In 1952 and again in 1975 the National Order of the Arrow Conference was held at Miami University.

Present Day (2016-)
In 2016, an effort was started to consolidate councils in Northeast Ohio as of January 1, 2017. Heart of Ohio and Greater Western Reserve Councils' northern districts merged with Greater Cleveland Council. Heart of Ohio's southern districts have merged with Buckeye Council. Greater Western Reserve Councils southern districts have merged with Great Trail Council.

Order of the Arrow Lodge mergers will be completed following the Section C-4A conclave in May at Camp Manatoc

Boy Scouts of America in Ohio today

In the 1990s, the Boy Scouts of America (BSA) went through a restructuring in an attempt to reduce manpower, and in several states small historic Councils were merged into a larger supercouncil. The Simon Kenton Council is an example of such a supercouncil.

There are twelve Boy Scouts of America local councils in Ohio.

Allohak Council
Allohak Council (#818) was founded in 1991. It was composed of six districts and served parts of West Virginia and Ohio. The council headquarters was in Parkersburg, West Virginia. The Allohak Council was disbanded on December 31, 2018.

Black Swamp Area Council
Black Swamp Area Council was created in 1992. It is composed of six districts and covers thirteen counties in Ohio. The council headquarters is in Findlay, Ohio with an additional service center in Lima, Ohio.

History
In 1920, the Defiance Council (#446) was formed, in 1922 the Van Wert Council (#463) was formed, and in 1919 the Lima Council (#452) was formed. In 1926 Defiance, Lima and Van wert merged to form the Shawnee Area Council (#452). In 1923, the Hancock County Council (#449) was formed, and in 1915 the Tiffin Council was formed. In 1930, Hancock County and Tiffin merged to become the Put-Han-Sen Area Council (#449). In 1992, Shawnee Area and Put-Han-Sen Area merged to become the Black Swamp Area Council (#449).

Organization

 * Arrowwood District serves Hancock County, Ohio and Seneca County, Ohio.
 * Chinquapin District serves Defiance County, Ohio, Fulton County, Ohio, Henry County, Ohio, Paulding County, Ohio and Williams County, Ohio.
 * Great Oaks District serves Allen County, Ohio, Hardin County, Ohio and Putnam County, Ohio.
 * Old Sycamore District serves Auglaize County, Ohio, Van Wert County, Ohio and Mercer County, Ohio.

Camps

 * Camp Lakota
 * Camp Berry

Order of the Arrow

 * Mawat Woakus Lodge

Buckeye Council
Buckeye Council (#436) serves Ohio and parts of northern West Virginia.

Dan Beard Council
Dan Beard Council was created in 1956. It is composed of seven districts and serves Scouts in twelve counties in southern Ohio and northern Kentucky. The council is served by the Ku-Ni-Eh Lodge of the Order of the Arrow.

History
The Middletown Area Council (#454) was first formed as a provisional (second class) council in 1917. In 1920 it was granted full council status. It initially served the city of Middletown. In 1928, the territory of the Middletown Area Council was expanded to include all of Warren County as well as Lemon, Liberty, Madison and Union Townships from Butler County. In 1926, the land for Camp Hook was donated to the council. The camp opened in 1927 and operated until 1991. In 1932 Union Township was transferred to the jurisdiction of the Butler County Council (later known as Fort Hamilton Council). In 1933 the Middletown Area Council was renamed to the Mound Builders Area Council. In 1955, jurisdiction of Lemon Township was transferred to Fort Hamilton Council, forming the final boundaries of the Mound Builders Area Council. Mound Builders Area Council continued to serve Warren County and the Lemon and Madison Townships of Butler County as well as all of Warren County until July 1, 1985 when it was absorbed into Dan Beard Council #438 and became the Mound Builders District. The current Hopewell District of Dan Beard Council, formed during the 2006 redistricting process when Middletown and Lemon Township (including Monroe, Ohio) were recombined, very closely resembling the lines of the old Mound Builders Area Council territory.

Mound Builders Area Council primarily had only two districts, Fort Ancient and Pokey Griffith. A third district, Wischixin, was formed briefly but lasted for less than 5 years before being discontinued.

The Nachenum Lodge #145 of the Order of the Arrow served Mound Builders Area Council, forming in 1939. Upon the merger with Dan Beard Council in 1985, the Ku-Ni-Eh Lodge #462 merged with Nachenum, forming Ku-Ni-Eh Lodge #145 (keeping the existing Dan Beard Council name but choosing to use the lower lodge # of the former Nachenum Lodge).

Mound Builders Area Council, while no longer an actual council, was represented at the 1985 National Jamboree. The troop contingent from Mound Builders Council attended the jamboree, held beginning July 15, while the council itself ceased to exist on July 1. The contingent was technically now part of Dan Beard Council, though all patches and markings, etc. were already set to the old Mound Builders Area Council and were not altered to note Dan Beard Council.

Organization
In late 2021, the Dan Beard Council announced a district realignment effort, partly based on local school district boundaries. On February 9, 2022, the new district names were announced.

And the 4 districts in Hamilton County (William Henry Harrison, Blue Jacket, Hopkins, and Maketeweh) became
 * Fort Hamilton District (representing Butler County)
 * Fort Ancient District (representing Warren County, previously known as Hopewell District)
 * Trailblazer District (representing the counties in northern Kentucky)
 * East Fork District (representing  Clermont and Brown Counties, previously known as U.S. Grant District)
 * Little Miami District (representing eastern Hamilton County)
 * Whitewater Trails District (representing western Hamilton County)
 * Queen City District (representing southern Hamilton County)

Camps
Camp Michaels is located in Union, KY, on 700 acre of land, offering primitive outdoor facilities. 61 acre of additional land was dedicated on September 19, 2008.

The Dan Beard Scout Reservation, in Loveland, OH, consists of three areas on its 506 acre campus. Camp Friedlander was established in 1919, and reopened in 2002 after renovations to the camp. Friedlander has 23 campsites, a 600-person dining hall, an 18 acre lake, cabins, and a swimming pool. It has an excellent reputation and attracts Scouts from all over the world. Camp Craig is often used as a training facility. The Program Building at Camp Craig is often rented out for retreats, conferences or training. The swimming pool at Camp Craig is shared with Cub World. Cub Scout Adventure World (Cub World) opened in 2000 as a camp designed exclusively for Cub Scouting. Cub World features two large buildings that offer dorm-like accommodations (Pioneer Fort and Medieval Castle) that offer rooms with bunk-beds, and more primitive areas (Mountain Man Village and Miner's Camp) that offer tent camping. All three camps have access to each other on the Reservation, which is adjacent to the Little Miami River.

Camp Charles R. Hook, founded in 1926, was in operation until 1991. In 1997, the land was purchased by the Five Rivers Metroparks and is now called the Twin Creek Metropark. The land for Camp Hook was donated by the family of Charles R. Hook, who was the President of the American Rolling Mill Company (ARMCO) (which in the early 1990s merged to become AK Steel Corporation), and son-in-law of the company's founder, George M. Verity. In early 1929 Mr. Hook donated a significant amount of stock to the Middletown Area Council with the instructions to immediately sell it and use the proceeds to put in a swimming pool at the camp. The timing on this event was advantageous considering early in the fall of 1929 was the crash of the stock market and the beginning of the Great Depression. The sale of the stock yielded enough money to put in the swimming pool and purchase more land to the north, expanding the camp's size significantly. The waterfront of the camp was later named Lake George after Charles Hook's son, George Verity Hook. After the camp's closure and sale to the Metroparks system, the majority of the structures were torn down and the swimming pool filled in. Most of the campsites have grown over as well, but many landmarks or signs of the former use of the area remain. The Metroparks system maintains three group campsites for Scout use, and a backcountry camping area was added on the north side of the property near Chamberlain Road. A large rock with embedded plaque thanking the Hooks for the donation remains, as does the amphitheatre campfire bowl, the Administration Lodge, the Maintenance Building, the Chapel (now called the Natuary) and a few other structures that are in ruins. The pool pump house and the shelters for the shooting ranges still remain, though it is believed this is due only because the demolition equipment could not safely reach these structures. The park previously held three geocache units that contain historical pictures of the old camp, but as of fall 2013 they have been removed. One point of interest that remains is the Gilwell Tree. A local Scouting family in the 1970s took a vacation to England with his family, during which they visited Gilwell Park, the home of the Scouting movement. A sapling of one of the English Oaks was brought back from Gilwell Park and planted at Camp Hook to signify the ties between Scouting in the US and the worldwide movement. In June, 1986, Camp Hook hosted EC 336 X, an experimental Wood Badge Course directed by William Hillcourt. (Very little is known about this course.) In 2010 a plaque, and a split rail fence were created to honor the tree and one of the leading, and oldest, scout leaders in the Council. It was an Eagle Scout Service Project.

Trails
The Riverwalk Trail spans downtown Cincinnati and Northern Kentucky (Covington and Newport). The trail can be hiked in 2 configurations: the first (5 mi) meets a requirement for the 2nd Class rank, while the second (10 mi) satisfies one of the requirements for the Hiking Merit Badge. Highlights along the trail include the boyhood home of Dan Beard. There is a patch available from the Council for walking the trail. The Trail Guide for the Dan Beard Riverwalk Trail can be found on the Dan Beard Council website.

The Silver Moccasin Trail originally started in Lebanon and finished at Fort Ancient. It was 14 mi long and used to offer a medal and a patch. A portion of the trail was reconstructed from Fort Ancient south to Morgan's Riverside Campground off of Mason-Morrow-Millgrove Rd, then crossing the Little Miami River to join the Little Miami Scenic Trail to complete the loop. This restored loop is 5.1 mi long. The Thunderbird Trail existed as a 6-mile (9.7-km) long loop around Camp Hook. It was in use for many years during the camp's time as a part of Mound Builders Area Council and Dan Beard Council. Scouts could earn a patch upon completing the entire trail. After the sale of the camp to the Five Rivers MetroParks system in 1997, the Thunderbird trail stopped being maintained and now no longer exists except to those who remember exactly where it was, although the trail markers and Order of the Arrow (OA) fire-rings are still visible and somewhat accessible.

Order of the Arrow
The Ku-Ni-Eh Lodge #145 was originally a pre-OA society called the Tribe of Ku-Ni-Eh, founded in 1922 at Camp Friedlander by then Camp Director Arther E. Roberts. Ku-Ni-Eh means "Order of Manood" in the Maidu tongue. It became popular throughout the region and was incorporated at other camps. However, it was not officially recognized by the BSA National organization, and eventually was phased out for the Order of the Arrow. In 1951, the original Tribe of Ku-Ni-Eh group at the Cincinnati Area Council converted to become the Order of the Arrow Lodge #462.

It remained Ku-Ni-Eh Lodge #462 after the Cincinnati Council merged with the Northern Kentucky Council to become Dan Beard Council in 1956, absorbing Michikinaqua Lodge #155, and again absorbing Mich-Kini-Kwa Lodge #306 when Fort Hamilton Council was merged with Dan Beard Council in 1959.

When Mound Builders Area Council merged with Dan Beard Council in 1985, it was decided to keep the Ku-Ni-Eh name, but use the Nachenum Lodge's lower number of #145, resulting in the founding of Ku-Ni-Eh #145.

Today Ku-Ni-Eh Lodge #145 serves the scouts and scouters of Dan Beard Council and calls Camp Friedlander its home. It typically performs three Ordeal ceremonies per year, with one being held at Dan Beard's northern kentucky property, Camp Michaels.

With the reorganization of the National OA structure in 2022, Ku-Ni-Eh lodge was moved from Section C-6B to section E-2.

Buckskin Council
Buckskin Council serves Scouts in Scouts in Kentucky, Ohio, Virginia and West Virginia. It is headquartered in Charleston, West Virginia.

Erie Shores Council
Erie Shores Council (#460) was created in 1929. It provides Scouting programs to the youth of Northwest Ohio in Lucas, Ottawa, Sandusky, Wood and eastern Fulton Counties.

Organization

 * Commodore Perry District
 * Eagle Bay District
 * Northwest District
 * Swan Creek District
 * Wood District

Camps

 * Camp Miakonda
 * Camp Frontier, part of Pioneer Scout Reservation

Order of the Arrow

 * Tindeuchen Lodge # 522

French Creek Council
French Creek Council (#532) serves Scouts in Pennsylvania and Ohio. It has its headquarters in Erie, Pennsylvania.

Great Trail Council
Great Trail Council (#433) was created in 1921 as the Akron Area Council. It is composed of 4 districts and serves Summit, Portage, Medina, Trumbull, Mahoning, and northern Wayne Counties. At the start of 2017 the southern counties of the Greater Western Reserve Council were merged into the Great Trail Council.

Organization

 * Canal District
 * Crooked River District
 * Soaring Eagle District
 * Stambaugh District

Camps
The council operates the Manatoc Scout Reservation, containing Camp Manatoc and Camp Butler. The council summer camp program is housed at Camp Manatoc. The council also inherited Camp Stambaugh in Canfield with the consolidation of Greater Western Reserve Council. Camp Stambaugh will host weekend camping, training, and Cub Scout events.

Order of the Arrow
Great Trail Council is served by the Marnoc OA Lodge.

Lake Erie Council
Lake Erie Council (#440) was created in 1912 as the Cleveland Council. It is composed of four service areas and serves northeastern Ohio. The council headquarters is in Cleveland, Ohio. This was the former Greater Cleveland Council. The council merged with the northern counties of both Heart of Ohio Council and Greater Western Reserve Council.

Organization

 * Western Trails District
 * Central District
 * Tinkers Creek District
 * Grand River District
 * Headwaters District
 * Firelands District
 * Great Frontier District
 * Exploring District

Camps
Beaumont Scout Reservation (Ohio) is a full-service Scout Reservation with forests, fields, wetlands and lakes, sitting on 1260 acre along the Grand River in Rock Creek, Ohio, approximately 40 miles east from downtown Cleveland, Ohio. It began operating as a camp in 1946 and has grown into a year-round facility with camping for Scouts and families.
 * Camp McIntosh features 12 lodges sleeping 28-36 with full kitchens and heat and pot belly stoves. It also houses the camp's swimming pool.
 * Camp Broadbent features 11 tent campsites, a shower house, the trading post, a climbing tower, a High and Low COPE course, archery, shotgun and rifle ranges, amphitheater, health lodge and Environmental Resource Center. During April–October, an additional 8 family cabins are available with bathrooms, heat and small kitchens sleeping 6. The area also features Lake Klein, which supports fishing, boating, ziplines, and jetskis, offered during Summer Camp.
 * Camp McCahill features 11 tent campsites and a reception building.
 * Camp Gray is a separate camp within Beaumont Scout Reservation designed especially for the Cub Scout camper. The area features a Climbing Fort, Obstacle Course, Baseball Diamond, Sledding Hill, Shooting Ranges, Basketball Court, Pavilion, and Activity Center. For the Lake Erie Council, it is the home base for all Cub activities. The Cub Activity Center features a large area for inside events and crafts, as well as a full kitchen, heated and flush facilities. The Activity Center is available for unit or event rental, but is not designed for overnight accommodations. The Pavilion has picnic tables for 150+, electric lights and a fire ring on its south side. The area has both a covered Archery and BB Gun Range for Tiger Cubs to Webelos Scouts. Beginning in 2012, both ranges have electricity and lighting.
 * Beaumont Village is a family-style campground within Beaumont Scout Reservation available to Scout and non-Scout groups, with accommodations for RVs and Tents, and also contains a picnic shelter and full shower facilities.
 * The Augustus Dining Hall in Camp Broadbent is named after Cleveland businessman Ellsworth Hunt Augustus who served as tenth President of the Boy Scouts of America and contains dining facilities with a full kitchen, and a training center. The training center is commonly used for training events and activities year-round.

Camp Stigwandish was added to the Council in January 2017, when Greater Western Reserve Council was split and merged with Greater Cleveland and Great Trail Councils. Camp Stigwandish was the oldest operational camp in the Lake Erie Council. Northeast Ohio Council opened the Camp for summer programs in 1930, but it was opened to weekend camping in 1929. Camp Stigwandish will serve as the council's Cub Day camp and also help out with the Beaumont Scout Reservation summer camp program. Stigwandish is the primary home to scouters in Lake, Geauga and Ashtabula Counties. Camp Stigwandish is located in Madison Ohio and offers over 20 campsites, 6 cabins, 5 ranges (Rifle, Shotgun, Archery Range, Wrist Rocket Range and a separate Cub Scout Archery Range,) 3 Lakes including Bass Lake, Canoe Lake and Indian Lake. Indian Lake along with a small pond off the parking lot called Salamander Pond are the oldest body of water on the property. The property also has a low COPE course, trading post, dining hall, training center, nature center, Chapel and more. The camp sits on the banks of Mill Creek and is over 300 acres. 120 of them being able to be sold the rest are in a land conservancy or were sold to the Soil and Water conservations in the 1990s. While only 12 miles in between Beaumont Scout Reservation and Camp Stigwandish the terrain is extremely different. The camp is often referred to the hidden jewel of the council. In 2019, an assessment was conducted in which Camp Stigwandish was found to be unsustainable for Lake Erie Council to continue to operate. On June 18, 2020, Lake Erie Council transferred Camp Stigwandish to Ross Road LLC for a total of 1.6 million dollars. The Spirit of Camp Stigwandish will continue to live on.

Campsites for Camp Stigwandish include, Dead Horse Ridge, Grand River, Solitude, Pop Corey, 3 Eagles Nest Campsites, Adventure, Johnny Appleseed, Pioneer Village, Woodcrafters, Dan Beard, Dan Boon, Kit Carson, Ted Mullans, Tecumseh, Paul Bunyan, Iroquois, a staff site to the east of the Baden Powell Lodge, and 3 adirondacks. Cabins includes 4 small cabins along the Lake Road. The Camp Host Cabin, which included the camp office and health office, Rotary Cabin which is off the main road, Buckeye Lodge behind the dining hall. Facilities that were moved to Beaumont Scout Reservation included, the EP memorial shelter which was moved from Camp Chickagami, the Mouse House, which is still home to metal working, the New Archery Range, and the Moritz Family Program Center.

Firelands Scout Reservation was added to the council in January, 2017 after Heart of Ohio Council merged with the legacy Greater Cleveland Council to form the new Lake Erie Council. Firelands is home to 2 camps, Camp Avery Hand, and Camp Wyandot. Both camps will now be used all year around for scouters to use. The reservation is mainly used for NYLT, Scoutmaster Training, and Cub Scout activities.

Tinnerman Wilderness Canoe Base, more commonly known as Tinnerman Canoe Base, was a "high-adventure base" located on the banks of the French River, in Ontario. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, the French River area was a major trade route used to exchange furs trapped in the West with various goods made in the East and in Europe. Tinnerman is nicknamed the "Land of the Joli Voyageur". The land that the Tinnerman base is located on was owned by Albert H. Tinnerman, inventor of the speed nut. After Mr. Tinnerman's passing in 1961, his grandson Bill Buttriss of Cleveland Ohio tried to obtain a commercial license for the camp. The Ontario government said that any one area would support only so many camps and they felt the lower French had enough camps at that time. Though appealed, a license was not possible for the camp. It was at this time the family decided to donate the camp to the Cleveland Area Scout Council. Two weeks after the formal donation, Mr. Buttriss received a letter from the Ontario government stating that since one of the camps in the area had closed its doors (Rainbow Lodge on Bass Creek), the license would now be available.

From 1963 to 2011, the base was owned and operated by the Greater Cleveland Council. In 2011, citing a lack of attendance and other factors, the Greater Cleveland Council permanently closed Tinnerman Canoe Base and put it up for sale. Distraught Tinnerman alumni created a detailed proposal for a non-profit Tinnerman Foundation, to keep the camp operating as a canoe base for youthful explorers. On February 21, 2012 the Greater Cleveland Council announced that "the executive board of Greater Cleveland Council, Boy Scouts of America voted to unanimously accept a cash offer of $415,000 for the 10 acre property on the French River in Ontario, Canada that was the Tinnerman Wilderness Canoe Base. The purchase offer has no contingencies and is expected to be completed in early May 2012."

Order of the Arrow
Erielhonan Lodge was founded with the merger.
 * Cuyahoga Lodge #17 - Legacy Lodge as of 2017
 * Wapashuwi Lodge #56 - Legacy Lodge as of 2017
 * Portage Lodge #619 - Legacy Lodge as of 2017

Heart of Ohio Council
Heart of Ohio Council (#450) was created in 1994. It was composed of four districts. Geographically, the Heart of Ohio Council served the youth of Ashland, Crawford, Erie, Huron, Lorain, Marion, Morrow, Richland, and Wyandot Counties in North Central Ohio.

History
The Heart of Ohio Council was officially organized in 1994 with the merger of the Harding Area, the Johnny Appleseed Area and the Firelands Area Councils, and was one of the largest geographic councils within the state of Ohio. In 2017, the Heart of Ohio Council was dissolved and split, with the northern counties of Erie, Huron and Lorain joining the newly formed Lake Erie Council, and the remaining southern counties joining the Buckeye Council.

Organization

 * Johnny Appleseed Trail District
 * The Firelands District
 * Great Frontier District
 * Harding Area District

Camps
The Heart of Ohio Council operated one reservation known as Firelands Scout Reservation, which is now run by the Lake Erie Council. It is located 5 miles west of Oberlin, in Wakeman, on 455 acres of land. The reservation holds two camps, Camp Avery Hand (the Cub Scout camp) and Camp Wyandot (the Scouts BSA camp). Each individual camp is named for former camps once a part of the original councils that merged to form the Heart of Ohio Council.

The reservation is about 70% wooded. There is a 23-acre lake with an island connected by a peninsula on Camp Wyandot. The camp has operated as a Scout camp since 1938. Cabin and tent camping are available.

Order of the Arrow
portage619.org
 * Portage Lodge 619

Miami Valley Council
Headquartered in Dayton, the Miami Valley Council (#444) serves Darke, Preble, Miami, Shelby and Montgomery counties in Ohio.

Muskingum Valley Council
Muskingum Valley Council (#467) was created in 1956. It is composed of three districts.

Organization

 * Arrowhead District includes Coshocton County, OH and Knox County, OH.
 * River Trails District includes Guernsey County, OH, Noble County, OH, Washington County, OH, Pleasants County, WV, and the cities of New Concord, OH and Williamstown, WV.
 * Zane Trace District includes Muskingum County, OH, Morgan County, OH, and Perry County, OH.

Camps
The Muskingum Valley Scout Reservation  (MVSR) is the council's year-round camping facility. Located on over 500 acre of reclaimed land near Conesville in Coshocton county, MVSR has offered Scouts a wide variety of options to expand their camping experience since its opening in 1968.

Order of the Arrow

 * Netawatwees Lodge #424

Ohio River Valley Council
Ohio River Valley Council (#619) serves Cub Scouting, Boy Scouting, and Venturing, in West Virginia and Ohio.

Simon Kenton Council
Simon Kenton Council (#441) serves Scouts in central and southern Ohio and in northern Kentucky. The council headquarters is in Columbus, Ohio.

In 1917, the Marietta Council (#464) was formed, changing its name to the Washington County Council (#464) in 1922. Washington County Council changed names to Southeastern Ohio Council (#464) in 1923. In 1942, the Southeastern Ohio Council (#464) was divided, with part going to the Kootaga Area Council (#618) and part becoming the Chief Logan Council (#464). In 1919, the Newark Council (#451) was formed, changing its name to the Licking County Council (#451) in 1922. In 1915, the Portsmouth Council (#457) was formed, changing its name to the Scioto County Council (#457) in 1923. In 1931 Scioto County Council changed its name to the Scioto Area Council (#457). In 1921, the Chillicothe Council (#437) was formed, merging into the Columbus Council (#441) in 1929. In 1922, the Fairfield County Council (#445) was formed, merging into the Columbus Council (#441) in 1929. In 1923, the Lawrence County Council (#450) was formed, merging into the Scioto County Council (#457) in 1929. In 1919, the Pickaway County Council was formed, merging into the Columbus Council (#441) in 1929. In 1910, the Columbus Council was formed, changing its name to the Central Ohio Council (#441) in 1930. In 1922, the Licking County Council (#451) was formed, merging into the Central Ohio Council (#441) in 1987. In 1994, the Simon Kenton Council (#441) was formed from the merger of the Central Ohio Council (#441), Chief Logan Council (#464), and Scioto Area Council (#457).

Tecumseh Council
Tecumseh Council (#439) was founded in 1923. It is composed of five districts and serves more than 4,700 youth in five counties in Ohio.

Organization

 * Blue Jacket District serves Logan County, Ohio.
 * Bull Skin Trail District serves Champaign County, Ohio.
 * Chillicothe District serves Greene County, Ohio.
 * Lagonda District serves Clark County, Ohio.
 * Robert E. Hadley District serves Clinton County, Ohio.

Camps
Camp Hugh Taylor Birch was founded in 1932 at only 25 acre acres, growing to 440 acre today. Camp Birch features a dining hall, an Olympic size swimming pool, and a 10 acre lake. Adjacent to Clifton Gorge, John Bryan State Park and Glen Helen Nature Preserve, Camp High Taylor Birch is a part of 2000 acre of continuous natural woodlands.

Order of the Arrow

 * Tarhe Lodge

Girl Scouts of the USA in Ohio
There are five Girl Scout councils serving Ohio.

Girl Scouts of Black Diamond Council
Serving girls in several eastern counties in Ohio, and headquartered in Charleston, West Virginia.

Girl Scouts of Kentucky's Wilderness Road Council
Serving girls in Lawrence County, Ohio, and headquartered in Lexington, Kentucky.

Girl Scouts of North East Ohio
Girl Scouts of North East Ohio (GSNEO) serves nearly 30,000 girls and has 14,000 adult volunteers.

GSNEO was formed in 2007 by the merger of five different councils: Erie Shores, Great Trail, Lake Erie, Lake to River, and Western Reserve. Its history dates back to 1912 when the first known girl scout troop in the area was started.

Service Centers:
 * Macedonia, Ohio (headquarters and council offices)
 * Lorain, Ohio
 * Youngstown, Ohio
 * North Canton, Ohio

The current council camps are:
 * Camp Ledgewood, established in 1931 with 350 acre and a 2 acre lake in Peninsula, Ohio within the Cuyahoga Valley National Park boundaries.
 * Camp Timberlane, a 324 acre camp in Wakeman, Ohio (within the Firelands Reserve) which was acquired in 1956.
 * Camp Sugarbush, with nearly 200 acre in Kinsman, Ohio.

Girl Scouts of Ohio's Heartland Council
Girl Scouts of Ohio's Heartland Council serves over 29,000 girls in 33 counties in central, north-central, south-central, and southeastern Ohio.

This was formed by a merger of Girl Scouts - Seal of Ohio Council, Girl Scouts - Heart of Ohio, and Heritage Trails Girl Scout Council on January 1, 2009.

Council camps are Beckoning Trails in the Hocking hills with 108 acre, Crooked Lane near Mt. Gilead, Ohio with 226 acre, 240 acre Ken-Jockety along the Big Darby Creek in Franklin County, and Molly Lauman near Lucasville, Ohio with 170 acre. The Zanesville Service Center in Muskingum County also has 8 acre which can be used for camping. Camp Cornish in Knox County had been a Girl Scout camp but was sold and acquired by a local community foundation for use by non-profit groups; the local council has 35 guaranteed days a year at it.

Girl Scouts of Western Ohio
Girl Scouts of Western Ohio serves about 42,000 girls in Western Ohio and southeast Indiana.

This was formed by a merger of Girl Scouts of Appleseed Ridge, Girl Scouts of Buckeye Trails Council, Girl Scout Great Rivers Council, and Girl Scouts of Maumee Valley Council.

Service Centers:
 * Dayton, Ohio
 * Lima, Ohio
 * Toledo, Ohio

Camps are Butterworth, Libbey, Rolling Hill, Stoney Brook, Whip Poor Will, and Woodhaven. Camp Libbey (named after Edward Drummond Libbey who left $25,000 to the Girl Scouts for a campsite in 1925 ) with nearly 350 acre on the banks of the Maumee River near Defiance, Ohio was established in 1936.

Scouting museums in Ohio

 * W.C. Moorehead Museum
 * Manatoc Scout Museum - Great Trail Council in Peninsula, Ohio
 * Miakonda Scouting Museum - Erie Shores Council in Toledo, Ohio
 * Nathan L. Dauby Scouting Museum - Lake Erie Council in Cleveland, Ohio
 * The Mill at Camp Crowell/Hilaka contains many Girl Scout artifacts.

International Scouting units in Ohio

 * Külföldi Magyar Cserkészszövetség Hungarian Scouting maintains four troops in Cleveland.
 * The Federation of North-American Explorers Catholic Explorers movement has a Group (Holy Trinity FNE) in Cincinnati.

title: Scouting in Ohio


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Talk:Hamlin County, South Dakota

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title: Talk:Hanson County, South Dakota


text:
Talk:Hughes County, South Dakota

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title: Talk:Hughes County, South Dakota


text:
Talk:Hutchinson County, South Dakota

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 * Why do South Dakota's counties have no township pages?--Hraefen 17:33, 31 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Because no one's made them yet. Feel free to do so yourself, if you would. They would be useful. :) Badbilltucker 19:57, 6 November 2006 (UTC)

1912 Election statistics are all wrong. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1912_United_States_presidential_election_in_South_Dakota — Preceding unsigned comment added by 164.154.53.46 (talk) 22:23, 10 January 2023 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Hutchinson County, South Dakota