text:
Carlton, Kansas

Carlton is a city in Dickinson County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 40.

Early history
For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau.

19th century
In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre.

In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1857, Dickinson County was established within the Kansas Territory, which included the land for modern day Carlton.

Carlton was a station and shipping point on the Missouri Pacific Railroad.

A post office was opened in Carlton in 1872, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1995.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.17 sqmi, all of it land.

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 40 people, 15 households, and 11 families in Carlton. The population density was 235.3 per square mile (90.8/km$2$). There were 19 housing units at an average density of 111.8 per square mile (43.2/km$2$). The racial makeup was 92.5% (37) white or European American (92.5% non-Hispanic white), 0.0% (0) black or African-American, 0.0% (0) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.0% (0) Asian, 0.0% (0) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 2.5% (1) from other races, and 5.0% (2) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 0.0% (0) of the population.

Of the 15 households, 6.7% had children under the age of 18; 73.3% were married couples living together; 13.3% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 26.7% of households consisted of individuals and 13.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.1 and the average family size was 2.4. The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 5.0% of the population.

22.5% of the population was under the age of 18, 5.0% from 18 to 24, 17.5% from 25 to 44, 30.0% from 45 to 64, and 25.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 46.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 81.8 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 82.4 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $48,750 (with a margin of error of +/- $12,478) and the median family income was $47,917 (+/- $20,612). Males had a median income of $48,750 (+/- $17,380). The median income for those above 16 years old was $48,125 (+/- $22,897).

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 42 people, 16 households, and 14 families living in the city. The population density was 247.1 PD/sqmi. There were 20 housing units at an average density of 117.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 100.0% White.

There were 16 households, of which 37.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 81.3% were married couples living together, 6.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 12.5% were non-families. 12.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 2.86.

The median age in the city was 46.5 years. 28.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 0.0% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 19.1% were from 25 to 44; 26.1% were from 45 to 64; and 26.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 52.4% male and 47.6% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 38 people, 16 households, and 11 families living in the city. The population density was 232.0 PD/sqmi. There were 20 housing units at an average density of 122.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 100.00% White.

There were 16 households, out of which 31.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.5% were married couples living together, 6.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.3% were non-families. 31.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.91.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.7% under the age of 18, 5.3% from 18 to 24, 34.2% from 25 to 44, 23.7% from 45 to 64, and 13.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $33,125, and the median income for a family was $33,125. Males had a median income of $22,188 versus $13,750 for females. The per capita income for the city was $9,750. None of the population and none of the families were below the poverty line.

Education
The community is served by Chapman USD 473 public school district. The Chapman High School mascot is Chapman Fighting Irish.

title: Carlton, Kansas


text:
Chapman, Kansas

Chapman is a city in Dickinson County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 1,377.

History
The first settlement was made at Chapman in 1868, and the same year Jackman's mill was built on Chapman creek a little northeast of the present town. James Streeter and S. M. Strickler laid out the town in 1871. It was named from the Chapman Creek.

The first post office at Chapman was established in 1866, but the post office was given the name Chapman's Creek until 1872.

2008 tornado

On the evening of June 11, 2008, a ½-mile wide tornado swept through Chapman. The tornado moved from the southwest side of town, through the central business district, and then on out of town. Many buildings and structures in the town suffered extensive damage; most of the downtown area was obliterated and over 60 homes were destroyed. At least one person was confirmed dead in early reports. The American Red Cross estimated that seventy-five percent of homes suffered major damage and/or were destroyed. School buildings and churches suffered extensive damage and at least 200 people were displaced from the town.

Sharon Watson, public affairs director for the Kansas Army National Guard, said the damage was "very reminiscent of Greensburg," a small city in southwestern Kansas that was similarly damaged during the May 2007 Tornado Outbreak.

Extreme Makeover: Home Edition
On January 23, 2009, Friday, in the episode "Tutwiler Family" (2009) of Extreme Makeover: Home Edition, the show helped rebuild their lives and homes. In the episode, the show arrived to assist an Iraq War veteran, his wife and their four young children, who were among those left homeless by the tornado. In addition to rebuilding the Tutwiler home, a coalition of builders, volunteers, and crew of Extreme Makeover: Home Edition helped neighbors with furniture and some rebuilding, and they built the town's first community center that could also be used as a safe shelter for tornado protection. By the end of 2009, the Tutwiler family had placed their house on the market, saying they wanted to leave the town of Chapman, citing "scrutiny and ill feelings" from several Chapman residents who claimed the family did not deserve the makeover had made residing in their new home extremely difficult. The Tutweilers have since relocated to an army base in Texas. Later that year the house was sold.

2016 tornado
On May 25, 2016, a large tornado tore southwest of Chapman, which was placed under a tornado emergency. The violent and long-lived wedge tornado was on the ground for 25.09 mi and lasted for at least 90 minutes, producing at least mid-range EF4 damage at its most intense point. While officially rated mid-range EF4, NWS Topeka damage surveyors noted that based on the damage that occurred in rural areas, an EF5 rating may have been necessary had the tornado hit any towns directly. The tornado began to weaken as it passed south of Chapman, causing extensive tree damage and inflicting low-end EF3 damage to a large farm house. To the southeast of Chapman, a home was shifted off of its foundation at EF1 intensity before the tornado dissipated shortly after 8:30 p.m. The tornado reached a maximum width of one half-mile wide along its path, and damaged or destroyed roughly 20 homes in Dickinson County. No fatalities and eight minor injuries occurred as a result of this tornado.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.86 sqmi, all of it land.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Chapman has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

Demographics
For population 25 and over in Chapman, 87.2% have a high school diploma or higher, 17.8% have a bachelor's degree or higher, and 5.7% have a Graduate degree or higher.

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 1,377 people, 526 households, and 369 families in Chapman. The population density was 1,475.9 per square mile (569.8/km$2$). There were 597 housing units at an average density of 639.9 per square mile (247.1/km$2$). The racial makeup was 90.99% (1,253) white or European American (87.8% non-Hispanic white), 0.65% (9) black or African-American, 0.22% (3) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.51% (7) Asian, 0.15% (2) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 1.02% (14) from other races, and 6.46% (89) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 6.25% (86) of the population.

Of the 526 households, 38.0% had children under the age of 18; 51.3% were married couples living together; 27.0% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 26.6% of households consisted of individuals and 14.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.0 and the average family size was 2.5. The percent of those with a bachelor's degree or higher was estimated to be 17.8% of the population.

29.7% of the population was under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 24.8% from 25 to 44, 22.1% from 45 to 64, and 17.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 106.1 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 109.1 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $53,621 (with a margin of error of +/- $8,319) and the median family income was $59,766 (+/- $7,410). Males had a median income of $42,900 (+/- $7,801) versus $38,651 (+/- $3,722) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $39,917 (+/- $3,592). Approximately, 4.1% of families and 8.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.6% of those under the age of 18 and 5.0% of those ages 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,393 people, 529 households, and 374 families residing in the city. The population density was 1619.8 PD/sqmi. There were 572 housing units at an average density of 665.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 95.3% White, 1.4% African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.4% from other races, and 2.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.0% of the population.

There were 529 households, of which 36.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.1% were married couples living together, 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 29.3% were non-families. 23.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.01.

The median age in the city was 38.4 years. 26.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.3% were from 25 to 44; 24.1% were from 45 to 64; and 16.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.5% male and 52.5% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,241 people, 488 households, and 348 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,627.4 PD/sqmi. There were 534 housing units at an average density of 700.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 94.76% White, 0.48% African American, 0.97% Native American, 0.40% Asian, 0.73% from other races, and 2.66% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.98% of the population.

There were 488 households, out of which 34.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.9% were married couples living together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.5% were non-families. 24.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.87.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.6% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 19.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $40,000, and the median income for a family was $44,063. Males had a median income of $30,536 versus $22,891 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,842. About 4.3% of families and 7.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.2% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The community is served by Chapman USD 473 public school district.

Government
The city is ruled by a mayor, 5 councilmen, and a city administrator. Howard Battishill is Mayor. Bill Flanery is the City Administrator.

Notable people
Frankie Burke was born in Brooklyn, New York before traveling to Hollywood to become an actor. He starred in an estimated sixteen films, including Angels with Dirty Faces (1938) and other films (many uncredited) before disappearing altogether after his last role in Shadow of the Thin Man (1941). In the early 1960s, he opted to become a hobo and travel across the United States in freight trains. He ended up settling in Chapman, where he died in 1983 at the age of 67.

Joseph Henry Engle was a retired U.S. Air Force Major General and a former NASA astronaut. Engle helped to flight test the joint NASA-Air Force X-15 rocket airplane and was one of the first astronauts in the Space Shuttle program, having flight tested the Space Shuttle Enterprise in 1977. He was commander of the second orbital test flight of the Space Shuttle Columbia in 1981.

Harvey T. "Pop" Hollinger was one of the first comic book collectors. He set up his retail and mail order shop for new and used comics in Concordia, Kansas, in the late 1930s. Hollinger was born in Chapman and lived there through his high school years.

Henry Varnum Poor was an American architect, painter, sculptor, muralist, and potter. Poor designed the "Crow House" on South Mountain Road in New City, New York for himself, and designed houses or home renovations for Kurt Weill and Lotte Lenya, John Houseman, Burgess Meredith and Maxwell Anderson. He was born in Chapman.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Chapman, Kansas


text:
Enterprise, Kansas

Enterprise is a city in Dickinson County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 708.

History
The first settlement at Enterprise was in 1868, and Enterprise was laid out in 1872. It was named for the enterprising qualities of the pioneer settlers.

The first post office in Enterprise was established in January, 1873.

On January 10, 1883, the Enterprise Town Company, capital $50,000, was organized. The following officers were elected: V. P. Wilson, president; John Johntz, vice-president; C. Hoffman, treasurer; T. C. Henry, secretary.

In 1867, the Kansas Pacific Railroad reached Dickinson County, and the KP built a spur to connect Enterprise with the mainline at Detroit, Kansas, just three miles away. In 1886, the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad built a tertiary line through Enterprise to connect the Rock Island's main line at Herington to the grain elevators and flour mills in Salina. Today, that track is still in use, owned by the Abilene and Smoky Valley, a heritage railroad that runs excursion trains between Abilene and Enterprise. In 1887, Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway built a branch line from Neva (3 miles west of Strong City) through Enterprise to Superior, Nebraska. In 1996, the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway merged with Burlington Northern Railroad and renamed to the current BNSF Railway. Most locals still refer to this railroad as the "Santa Fe".

On January 23, 1901, temperance movement leader Carrie Nation and her followers wrecked a saloon in Enterprise.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.66 sqmi, of which, 0.65 sqmi is land and 0.01 sqmi is water.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Enterprise has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 708 people, 271 households, and 188 families in Enterprise. The population density was 1,056.7 per square mile (408.0/km$2$). There were 316 housing units at an average density of 471.6 per square mile (182.1/km$2$). The racial makeup was 89.12% (631) white or European American (86.72% non-Hispanic white), 0.0% (0) black or African-American, 0.56% (4) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.28% (2) Asian, 0.14% (1) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 1.13% (8) from other races, and 8.76% (62) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 5.23% (37) of the population.

Of the 271 households, 33.9% had children under the age of 18; 49.1% were married couples living together; 21.4% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 24.7% of households consisted of individuals and 8.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.5 and the average family size was 3.1. The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 9.7% of the population.

23.7% of the population was under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 24.3% from 25 to 44, 26.8% from 45 to 64, and 17.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.4 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 100.0 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $49,333 (with a margin of error of +/- $13,594) and the median family income was $54,306 (+/- $20,848). Males had a median income of $32,823 (+/- $2,934) versus $15,601 (+/- $2,310) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $22,176 (+/- $5,977). Approximately, 13.9% of families and 15.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.1% of those under the age of 18 and 12.3% of those ages 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 855 people, 294 households, and 221 families residing in the city. The population density was 1315.4 PD/sqmi. There were 335 housing units at an average density of 515.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 93.3% White, 0.9% African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.6% from other races, and 3.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.1% of the population.

There were 294 households, of which 37.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.1% were married couples living together, 12.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 24.8% were non-families. 22.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.03.

The median age in the city was 34.9 years. 28.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.1% were from 25 to 44; 23.6% were from 45 to 64; and 16.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.7% male and 53.3% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 836 people, 299 households, and 218 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,276.4 PD/sqmi. There were 334 housing units at an average density of 509.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.77% White, 0.24% African American, 0.84% Native American, 0.12% Asian, and 2.03% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.84% of the population.

There were 299 households, out of which 37.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.5% were married couples living together, 9.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.8% were non-families. 23.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.11.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 27.6% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 23.9% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 19.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.6 males.

As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $36,613, and the median income for a family was $39,479. Males had a median income of $28,214 versus $20,357 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,619. About 7.8% of families and 8.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.0% of those under age 18 and 11.3% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The community is served by Chapman USD 473 public school district. The Chapman High School mascot is Chapman Fighting Irish. Enterprise claims the title of the first town to offer kindergarten in the state. Enterprise High School was closed through school unification. The Enterprise High School mascot was Enterprise Bulldogs.

title: Enterprise, Kansas


text:
Hope, Kansas

Hope is a city in southern Dickinson County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 317.

Early history
For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau.

In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In 1803, most of the land that became the state of Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre.

In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1857, Dickinson County was established within the Kansas Territory, which included what became Hope.

Development
In 1871, a group of about forty people, led by Newell Thurstin, began planning a townsite, named Hope after one of his sons. Its first post office was established in July 1871.

David Jacob Eisenhower, the father of President Dwight David Eisenhower, lived in a 160 acre ranch near Hope from 1878 until his enrollment at Lane University in Lecompton, and then he moved to Hope. On March 30, 1885, he and business partner Milton Good opened a general store in Hope called Good & Eisenhower, operated mostly by the Eisenhower family, and "balanced to the penny" by Eisenhower's mandate. The partners were leading civic boosters for Hope for years, with the community development mostly led by Good and the socially reclusive Eisenhower co-funding some projects.

Hope was incorporated in 1886, with a population over 700. The arrival of the railroad one year before, brought access of bustling Chicago to tiny Hope. In early 1886, Eisenhower and Good organized a fundraiser among businesses to open an opera house in Hope. On November 4, 1886, Eisenhower bought out their partnership of one and a half years.

In 1887, Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway built a branch line from Neva (3 miles west of Strong City) through Hope to Superior, Nebraska. In 1996, the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway merged with Burlington Northern Railroad and renamed to the current BNSF Railway.

In late 1888, Good abandoned Hope, and the Eisenhower family continued the store. The Eisenhowers reported Good's "misdeeds" to have caused the later failure of the store and his departure to have been "in something of a hurry", but historians' research has improved Good's retrospective reputation.

The motto of Hope is "There Will Always Be Hope In Kansas", which is also the name of a song.

Geography
The United States Census Bureau reports a total area of 0.39 sqmi, all of it land.

Climate
The climate has hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Hope has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 317 people, 146 households, and 82 families in Hope. The population density was 814.9 per square mile (314.6/km$2$). There were 175 housing units at an average density of 449.9 per square mile (173.7/km$2$). The racial makeup was 92.74% (294) white or European American (91.8% non-Hispanic white), 0.32% (1) black or African-American, 0.63% (2) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.32% (1) Asian, 0.0% (0) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 1.26% (4) from other races, and 4.73% (15) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 2.52% (8) of the population.

Of the 146 households, 22.6% had children under the age of 18; 46.6% were married couples living together; 24.0% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 41.1% of households consisted of individuals and 18.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.5 and the average family size was 3.7. The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 13.9% of the population.

21.8% of the population was under the age of 18, 4.4% from 18 to 24, 18.3% from 25 to 44, 28.1% from 45 to 64, and 27.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 51.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 112.8 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 103.3 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $40,833 (with a margin of error of +/- $11,846) and the median family income was $63,750 (+/- $13,471). Males had a median income of $34,306 (+/- $5,297) versus $29,375 (+/- $28,309) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $34,028 (+/- $5,808). Approximately, 18.9% of families and 27.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 36.9% of those under the age of 18 and 3.2% of those ages 65 or over.

2010 census
The census of 2010 reports 368 people, 166 households, and 104 families residing in the city. The population density was 943.6 PD/sqmi. There were 192 housing units at an average density of 492.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 93.5% White, 2.4% African American, 0.8% Native American, 0.3% Asian, and 3.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.3% of the population.

There were 166 households, of which 22.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.2% were married couples living together, 6.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.3% were non-families. 33.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.81.

The median age in the city was 48.7 years. 19.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 16.3% were from 25 to 44; 34% were from 45 to 64; and 23.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.7% male and 50.3% female.

2000 census
The census of 2000 reports 372 people, 164 households, and 106 families residing in the city. The population density was 821.8 PD/sqmi. There were 185 housing units at an average density of 408.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 98.12% White, 0.81% African American, 0.54% Native American, 0.27% Asian, and 0.27% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.27% of the population.

There were 164 households, out of which 29.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.3% were married couples living together, 5.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.8% were non-families. 32.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 21.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.5% under the age of 18, 3.8% from 18 to 24, 25.3% from 25 to 44, 24.2% from 45 to 64, and 22.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $28,365, and the median income for a family was $32,813. Males had a median income of $27,639 versus $18,036 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,300. About 4.8% of families and 7.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.6% of those under age 18 and 14.0% of those age 65 or over.

Government
The Hope government consists of a mayor and five council members.

The community is served by Rural Vista USD 481 public school district.

Transportation
Hope is located on K-4, the longest highway in the state. It was once at the junction of the BNSF and Missouri Pacific railroads, but is no longer served by either Railroad.

Notable people

 * Edgar Eisenhower, brother of President Dwight D. Eisenhower, was born in Hope, Kansas.
 * Don Ihde, philosopher, was born in Hope, Kansas, in 1934.

title: Hope, Kansas


text:
Manchester, Kansas

Manchester is a city in Dickinson County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 47.

History
Manchester was originally called Keystone, and under the latter name laid out in 1887. The name Manchester was adopted by 1890.

The post office in Manchester was discontinued in 1993.

In 1887, Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway built a branch line from Neva (3 miles west of Strong City) through Manchester to Superior, Nebraska. In 1996, the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway merged with Burlington Northern Railroad and renamed to the current BNSF Railway. Most locals still refer to this railroad as the "Santa Fe".

In 1888, a rail line of the Chicago, Kansas and Western Railroad opened, starting from Manchester and running 43 miles west to Barnard The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway acquired the line 1901. An application was filed in 1983 to abandon this "Minneapolis District" line.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.25 sqmi, all of it land.

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 47 people, 21 households, and 12 families in Manchester. The population density was 293.8 per square mile (113.4/km$2$). There were 40 housing units at an average density of 250.0 per square mile (96.5/km$2$). The racial makeup was 100.0% (47) white or European American (100.0% non-Hispanic white), 0.0% (0) black or African-American, 0.0% (0) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.0% (0) Asian, 0.0% (0) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 0.0% (0) from other races, and 0.0% (0) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 0.0% (0) of the population.

Of the 21 households, 9.5% had children under the age of 18; 42.9% were married couples living together; 33.3% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 33.3% of households consisted of individuals and 9.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.5 and the average family size was 3.2.

12.8% of the population was under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 17.0% from 25 to 44, 46.8% from 45 to 64, and 19.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 176.5 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 173.3 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $47,500 (with a margin of error of +/- $42,864) and the median family income was $86,250 (+/- $73,940). The median income for those above 16 years old was $34,167 (+/- $18,570).

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 95 people, 38 households, and 24 families living in the city. The population density was 380.0 PD/sqmi. There were 60 housing units at an average density of 240.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 92.6% White, 4.2% Native American, 1.1% from other races, and 2.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.1% of the population.

There were 38 households, of which 34.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.8% were married couples living together, 18.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.8% were non-families. 31.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.21.

The median age in the city was 35.9 years. 31.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 3.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.4% were from 25 to 44; 30.5% were from 45 to 64; and 8.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 54.7% male and 45.3% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 102 people, 46 households, and 31 families living in the city. The population density was 398.7 PD/sqmi. There were 52 housing units at an average density of 203.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 91.18% White, 0.98% African American, 0.98% Native American, 0.98% from other races, and 5.88% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.98% of the population.

There were 46 households, out of which 23.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.5% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.6% were non-families. 26.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.55.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 19.6% under the age of 18, 3.9% from 18 to 24, 29.4% from 25 to 44, 29.4% from 45 to 64, and 17.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 121.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 121.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,563, and the median income for a family was $32,500. Males had a median income of $22,500 versus $16,500 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,035. There were 6.3% of families and 7.8% of the population living below the poverty line, including 12.0% of under eighteens and none of those over 64.

Education
The community is served by Chapman USD 473 public school district. The Chapman High School mascot is Chapman Fighting Irish.

title: Manchester, Kansas


text:
Woodbine, Kansas

Woodbine is a city in Dickinson County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 157.

History
For millennia, the land now known as Kansas was inhabited by Native Americans. In 1803, most of modern Kansas was secured by the United States as part of the Louisiana Purchase. In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1857, Dickinson County was founded.

The city was founded as Lyons, named for the nearby creek, in 1871 by James Allen Gillett Sr. The first post office at Woodbine was established in January, 1872. In 1887, the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad built through the area and Lyons was remapped as Woodbine on July 16, 1887. Gillett renamed it Woodbine after his former hometown of Woodbine, Illinois.

Along the railroad tracks, Woodbine had a grist mill, grain elevator, depot, and stock yards. Passenger service was offered until 1927 and freight was discontinued in the 1990s. Several bus lines served Woodbine after rail service ended. The town was home to the Woodbine Journal during World War I.

Woodbine at one time had four churches; a Lutheran, a Baptist, and an English and a German Methodist. The school was opened in 1880 with the current building being built in 1909. High school classes began in 1914. Woodbine District #32 became Woodbine Rural High School District #1 (parts of Dickinson and Morris counties) in 1925 and the last graduating class was in 1962. Lower grades continued until 1979. Woodbine is now a part of the Rural Vista school district.

The Rock Island served the area for many years until the company ceased operation in 1980. The track was then used by various rail lines until being abandoned in the mid-1990s. While part of the line was scrapped, the remaining track from Abilene to Woodbine has been purchased by the Abilene and Smoky Valley Railroad.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.16 sqmi, all of it land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 170 people, 70 households, and 45 families residing in the city. The population density was 1062.5 PD/sqmi. There were 85 housing units at an average density of 531.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 92.9% White, 2.4% African American, 1.8% Native American, 1.2% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11.2% of the population.

There were 70 households, of which 30.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.3% were married couples living together, 2.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 35.7% were non-families. 28.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 3.00.

The median age in the city was 38.8 years. 23.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 28.9% were from 25 to 44; 25.8% were from 45 to 64; and 13.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 51.2% male and 48.8% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 207 people, 76 households, and 51 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,451.9 PD/sqmi. There were 89 housing units at an average density of 624.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 97.58% White and 2.42% Native American. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.97% of the population.

There were 76 households, out of which 42.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.5% were married couples living together, 7.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.6% were non-families. 25.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.42.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 35.7% under the age of 18, 3.9% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 9.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $27,813, and the median income for a family was $32,857. Males had a median income of $25,313 versus $20,625 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,709. About 14.3% of families and 16.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.3% of those under the age of eighteen and none of those 65 or over.

Education
The community is served by Rural Vista USD 481 public school district, which serves Hope, White City, and Woodbine.

Woodbine schools were closed through school unification. The Woodbine High School mascot was Woodbine Tigers.

title: Woodbine, Kansas


text:
Denton, Kansas

Denton is a city in Doniphan County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 130.

History
Denton was laid out in 1886. It was named for one of its founders, John Denton.

The first post office at the site of Denton was established in 1882. Prior to 1905, it was called Darwin for some time, then Dentonville.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.14 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
Denton is part of the St. Joseph, MO–KS Metropolitan Statistical Area.

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 130 people, 58 households, and 37 families in Denton. The population density was 896.6 per square mile (346.2/km$2$). There were 65 housing units at an average density of 448.3 per square mile (173.1/km$2$). The racial makeup was 91.54% (119) white or European American (91.54% non-Hispanic white), 0.0% (0) black or African-American, 0.0% (0) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.0% (0) Asian, 0.0% (0) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 0.0% (0) from other races, and 8.46% (11) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 0.77% (1) of the population.

Of the 58 households, 27.6% had children under the age of 18; 53.4% were married couples living together; 22.4% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 29.3% of households consisted of individuals and 13.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.2 and the average family size was 2.6. The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 20.0% of the population.

19.2% of the population was under the age of 18, 3.1% from 18 to 24, 29.2% from 25 to 44, 23.1% from 45 to 64, and 25.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.0 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 101.9 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $71,719 (with a margin of error of +/- $6,252) and the median family income was $103,125 (+/- $49,033). Males had a median income of $51,250 (+/- $11,266) versus $28,750 (+/- $8,858) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $42,000 (+/- $8,671). Approximately, 13.2% of families and 14.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.8% of those under the age of 18 and 16.1% of those ages 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 148 people, 63 households, and 42 families residing in the city. The population density was 1057.1 PD/sqmi. There were 74 housing units at an average density of 528.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 93.9% White and 6.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.0% of the population.

There were 63 households, of which 36.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.8% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.3% were non-families. 33.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.95.

The median age in the city was 43.5 years. 20.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 12.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 18.3% were from 25 to 44; 36.5% were from 45 to 64; and 12.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.0% male and 50.0% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 186 people, 71 households, and 47 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,286.4 PD/sqmi. There were 74 housing units at an average density of 511.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 99.46% White, and 0.54% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.54% of the population.

There were 71 households, out of which 38.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.0% were married couples living together, 2.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.8% were non-families. 32.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 22.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 3.40.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 33.9% under the age of 18, 4.8% from 18 to 24, 29.0% from 25 to 44, 15.1% from 45 to 64, and 17.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.2 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,500, and the median income for a family was $40,625. Males had a median income of $31,875 versus $20,417 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,872. None of the families and 4.5% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 6.9% of those over 64.

Education
The community is served by Doniphan West USD 111 public school district.

title: Denton, Kansas


text:
Elwood, Kansas

Elwood is a city in Doniphan County, Kansas, United States, located west across the Missouri River from Saint Joseph, Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 1,125.

History
For millennia the Great Plains of North America were inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized under the provisions of the Kansas–Nebraska Act, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1855, Doniphan County was established.

A trading post was established at Elwood in 1852. In 1856, the site was sold and the town was then laid out. The town was named for John B. Elwood, a pioneer settler. Elwood was incorporated as a city in 1860.

The first post office in Elwood was established in June, 1857.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.20 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
Elwood is part of the St. Joseph, MO–KS Metropolitan Statistical Area.

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 1,125 people, 441 households, and 282 families in Elwood. The population density was 386.6 per square mile (149.3/km$2$). There were 494 housing units at an average density of 169.8 per square mile (65.5/km$2$). The racial makeup was 82.67% (930) white or European American (81.33% non-Hispanic white), 7.47% (84) black or African-American, 1.07% (12) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.27% (3) Asian, 0.18% (2) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 1.07% (12) from other races, and 7.29% (82) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 3.73% (42) of the population.

Of the 441 households, 32.0% had children under the age of 18; 44.2% were married couples living together; 26.5% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 29.0% of households consisted of individuals and 13.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.4 and the average family size was 2.8. The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 1.2% of the population.

25.8% of the population was under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 25.9% from 25 to 44, 25.0% from 45 to 64, and 14.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.9 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 104.7 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $38,015 (with a margin of error of +/- $7,551) and the median family income was $46,667 (+/- $16,039). Males had a median income of $36,250 (+/- $11,550) versus $22,778 (+/- $2,716) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $26,616 (+/- $4,457). Approximately, 25.4% of families and 19.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 30.5% of those under the age of 18 and 4.7% of those ages 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,224 people, 498 households, and 331 families living in the city. The population density was 382.5 PD/sqmi. There were 533 housing units at an average density of 166.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 87.1% White, 6.7% African American, 0.9% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 1.0% from other races, and 4.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.4% of the population.

There were 498 households, of which 32.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.4% were married couples living together, 15.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.5% were non-families. 28.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.00.

The median age in the city was 36.7 years. 25.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.6% were from 25 to 44; 27.2% were from 45 to 64; and 12.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.1% male and 49.9% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,145 people, 446 households, and 313 families living in the city. The population density was 562.9 PD/sqmi. There were 494 housing units at an average density of 242.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 89.08% White, 6.64% African American, 0.26% Native American, 0.44% Asian, 0.35% from other races, and 3.23% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.48% of the population.

There were 446 households, out of which 37.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.3% were married couples living together, 15.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.8% were non-families. 25.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.07.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 30.9% under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 27.0% from 25 to 44, 20.7% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $28,950, and the median income for a family was $31,136. Males had a median income of $26,103 versus $17,692 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,601. About 16.3% of families and 17.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.1% of those under age 18 and 17.9% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The community is served by Riverside USD 114 public school district. School unification consolidated Elwood schools and Wathena schools forming USD 114. The Riverside High School mascot is Cyclones.

Elwood High School closed through school unification. The Elwood High School mascot was Elwood Panthers.

title: Elwood, Kansas


text:
Highland, Kansas

Highland is a city in Doniphan County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 903. It is home to Highland Community College.

Short summary
The Highland Township was started with the founding of the Iowa and Sac & Fox Mission State Historic Site by Reverend Samuel Irvin and Reverend William Hamilton in 1837. The mission was sponsored and funded by the Presbyterians. The Founders plan behind the town was to make it an educational town and in 1857 when the town was laid out a spot was chosen for the future university. Samuel Irvin established the first Highland Community College Building Irvin Hall with the building being built in 1858. The college was chartered and founded in 1858 and has gone through eight name changes over the course of its history.

In 2011 Highland became the self proclaimed Snowflake City of Kansas

Early history
Reverend Samuel Irvin and Reverend William Hamilton found the Ioway Presbtaryian Church in 1843 with Rev. Hamilton acting as Minister. The church was moved from the Mission to Highland in 1860. John Powers Johnson builds a log home 2 miles west of the mission in 1854 due to land unavailability along the Missouri River. The Cabin was the first Building in Highland sitting on the site of the current Senior Citizen Center. Johnson left Kansas for two years as he didn't have to live in the home he only had to make improvements to the land in order to purchase it under the Preemption Act of 1841 he however could not purchase the land until after the Iowa tribe members had been removed and the land had been surveyed. John Bayless preempted the land just west of Johnson and founded the Susquehanna western Immigration Company to promote anti-slavery people moving to Kansas. Samuel Irvin looked over the claims till the land could properly be purchased in 1857.

The Highland Town Company
On May 16, 1857, the Highland Town Company was formed buying town lots to resell to what they had hoped to be a bustling town. Bayless was the Company's president with Johnson acting as Secretary and Irvin as the treasurer. The town company had built some amenities such as a large hotel despite slow growth. The town struggled to gain population but despite its small size the town had a newspaper called The Highlander and the first bank arrived by 1862 being opened by Johnson. These three founding fathers hoped that Highland would become not only an educational center but also a religious center for Kansas and surrounding territories. In November 1857 the Highland Presbytery was organized as part of the Missouri Synod and eventually came to encompass all 21 old school presbyteries in the Kansas and Nebraska territories.

Highland University
At the first meeting of the presbytery, it was decided by the members that a Presbyterian academy would be established in highland. On December 26, 1857, the board had decided that the academy which could be compared to a private high school was not sufficient and voted to established Highland University instead with James Cambell as president and Samuel Irvin as Secretary. The board of trustees prepared a charter that was taken to Lecompton the Territorial capital of Kansas and was passed and signed by Governor Denver on February 9, 1858. Highland Town Company then reserved 4 blocks on the west side of town for the University. Elementary classes were held at the college until a Grade school was opened in the mid 1870s.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.53 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
Highland is part of the St. Joseph, Missouri–Kansas Metropolitan Statistical Area.

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 903 people, 251 households, and 160 families in Highland. The population density was 1,720.0 per square mile (664.1/km$2$). There were 341 housing units at an average density of 649.5 per square mile (250.8/km$2$). The racial makeup was 75.64% (683) white or European American (73.31% non-Hispanic white), 15.61% (141) black or African-American, 1.55% (14) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.89% (8) Asian, 0.0% (0) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 2.1% (19) from other races, and 4.21% (38) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 4.65% (42) of the population.

Of the 251 households, 29.5% had children under the age of 18; 49.0% were married couples living together; 22.3% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 33.1% of households consisted of individuals and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.6 and the average family size was 3.2. The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 13.7% of the population.

14.0% of the population was under the age of 18, 36.3% from 18 to 24, 16.2% from 25 to 44, 16.1% from 45 to 64, and 17.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 24.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.4 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 79.0 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $65,208 (with a margin of error of +/- $16,964) and the median family income was $74,063 (+/- $9,690). Males had a median income of $9,618 (+/- $2,646) versus $7,389 (+/- $2,433) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $8,413 (+/- $1,908). Approximately, 11.8% of families and 16.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.1% of those under the age of 18 and 14.0% of those ages 65 or over.

2010 census
At the 2010 census, there were 1,012 people, 296 households and 155 families living in the city. The population density was 1909.4 PD/sqmi. There were 372 housing units at an average density of 701.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 84.7% White, 10.0% African American, 1.1% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.8% from other races, and 3.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.0% of the population.

There were 296 households, of which 23.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.6% were married couples living together, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 47.6% were non-families. 39.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.16 and the average family size was 2.94.

The median age in the city was 21.8 years. 12.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 41.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 14.6% were from 25 to 44; 17.2% were from 45 to 64; and 13.8% were 65 years of age or older. The sex makeup of the city was 53.3% male and 46.7% female.

2000 census
At the 2000 census, there were 976 people, 316 households and 169 families living in the city. The population density was 1,842.6 PD/sqmi. There were 344 housing units at an average density of 649.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 90.27% White, 5.74% African American, 1.02% Native American, 0.20% Asian, 0.92% from other races, and 1.84% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.33% of the population.

There were 316 households, of which 20.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.6% were married couples living together, 7.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.5% were non-families. 41.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 22.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.02 and the average family size was 2.76.

12.3% of the population were under the age of 18, 36.5% from 18 to 24, 14.2% from 25 to 44, 15.2% from 45 to 64, and 21.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.5 males.

The median household income was $25,250 and the median family income was $37,969. Males had a median income of $30,298 compared with $22,250 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,341. About 9.0% of families and 17.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.6% of those under age 18 and 13.9% of those age 65 or over.

Primary and secondary education
The community is served by Doniphan West USD 111 public school district, and home to Doniphan West Jr/Sr High School since 2009. The Doniphan West Jr/Sr High School mascot is Doniphan West Mustangs.

Highland High School was closed through school unification. The Highland Blue Streaks won the Kansas State High School boys class 1A Track & Field championship in 1969 and 1990.

Colleges and universities
Highland Community College is a Kansas Jayhawk Community College Conference (KJCCC) member school.

Notable people

 * John Misse, baseball player

title: Highland, Kansas


text:
Leona, Kansas

Leona is a city in Doniphan County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 41.

History
Leona was laid out in 1873. The city was named for Leona Shock, the first baby born there.

A post office was opened in Leona in May, 1873, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in February, 1986.

Geography
Leona is located along the Wolf River.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.05 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
Leona is part of the St. Joseph, MO–KS Metropolitan Statistical Area.

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 41 people, 15 households, and 11 families in Leona. The population density was 650.8 per square mile (251.3/km$2$). There were 17 housing units at an average density of 269.8 per square mile (104.2/km$2$). The racial makeup was 92.68% (38) white or European American (90.24% non-Hispanic white), 0.0% (0) black or African-American, 0.0% (0) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.0% (0) Asian, 0.0% (0) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 0.0% (0) from other races, and 7.32% (3) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 2.44% (1) of the population.

Of the 15 households, 33.3% had children under the age of 18; 46.7% were married couples living together; 6.7% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 13.3% of households consisted of individuals and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.6 and the average family size was 2.9. The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 2.4% of the population.

34.1% of the population was under the age of 18, 2.4% from 18 to 24, 43.9% from 25 to 44, 14.6% from 45 to 64, and 4.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 64.0 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 68.8 males.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 48 people, 14 households, and 11 families residing in the city. The population density was 960.0 PD/sqmi. There were 17 housing units at an average density of 340.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 93.8% White, 4.2% Native American, and 2.1% from two or more races.

There were 14 households, of which 57.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 14.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 14.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 21.4% were non-families. 14.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.43 and the average family size was 3.64.

The median age in the city was 22 years. 39.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 14.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 31.3% were from 25 to 44; 12.5% were from 45 to 64; and 2.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 56.3% male and 43.8% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 88 people, 29 households, and 20 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,355.6 PD/sqmi. There were 31 housing units at an average density of 477.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 93.18% White, 5.68% Native American, 1.14% from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.14% of the population.

There were 29 households, out of which 34.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 31.0% were married couples living together, 27.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.0% were non-families. 24.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.03 and the average family size was 3.40.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 34.1% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 35.2% from 25 to 44, 10.2% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 125.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $12,143, and the median income for a family was $23,750. Males had a median income of $24,375 versus $11,250 for females. The per capita income for the city was $8,211. There were 40.0% of families and 58.4% of the population living below the poverty line, including 78.6% of under eighteens and 35.7% of those over 64.

Education
The community is served by Doniphan West USD 111 public school district.

title: Leona, Kansas


text:
Severance, Kansas

Severance is a city in Doniphan County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 76.

History
Severance was laid out in 1869. It was named for John Severance, one of its founders. A railroad depot was built in Severance in 1874. Severance was incorporated as a city in 1877.

A post office was opened in Severance in Decebber 1869, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in May,1992.

Geography
Severance is located along the Wolf River. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.14 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 94 people, 39 households, and 21 families residing in the city. The population density was 671.4 PD/sqmi. There were 49 housing units at an average density of 350.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 100.0% White.

There were 39 households, of which 25.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.0% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 46.2% were non-families. 38.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 3.29.

The median age in the city was 43.5 years. 25.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 17.1% were from 25 to 44; 29.7% were from 45 to 64; and 18.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.9% male and 52.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 108 people, 46 households, and 28 families residing in the city. The population density was 841.8 PD/sqmi. There were 53 housing units at an average density of 413.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 100.00% White.

There were 46 households, out of which 34.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.5% were married couples living together, 15.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.0% were non-families. 32.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 28.7% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 25.9% from 25 to 44, 24.1% from 45 to 64, and 13.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $25,313, and the median income for a family was $27,083. Males had a median income of $25,625 versus $15,500 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,690. There were 21.4% of families and 26.6% of the population living below the poverty line, including 41.9% of under eighteens and 29.4% of those over 64.

Education
The community is served by Doniphan West USD 111 public school district.

Notable people
Harry Chapman, catcher in Major League Baseball

title: Severance, Kansas


text:
Troy, Kansas

Troy is a city in and the county seat of Doniphan County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 964.

History
Troy is part of the St. Joseph, MO–KS Metropolitan Statistical Area. Troy was platted in 1855. It was named after the ancient city of Troy. The first house in Troy was built in 1856, and the first store opened in 1857. Troy was incorporated as a city in 1860. The first post office in Troy was established in March, 1857.

Troy grew up from humble beginnings along the wagon route from St. Joseph, Missouri to Oregon and California. British explorer Richard Francis Burton en route to California in 1860 noted: "Passing through a few wretched shanties called Troy ..."

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.99 sqmi, of which 0.98 sqmi is land and 0.01 sqmi is water.

2020 census
As of the census of 2020, there were 964 people and 375 households in the city. The racial makeup of the city was 94.2% White, 0.6% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.6% from other races, and 4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.4% of the population.

There were 375 households, of which 22.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them.

The median age in the city was 44.2 years. 22.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.1% were from 25 to 44; 32.8% were from 45 to 64; and 13.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 52.8% male and 57.2% female.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,010 people, 421 households, and 275 families residing in the city. The population density was 1030.6 PD/sqmi. There were 467 housing units at an average density of 476.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 97.3% White, 0.5% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 1.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.7% of the population.

There were 421 households, of which 31.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.6% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 34.7% were non-families. 30.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.95.

The median age in the city was 39.1 years. 24.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.9% were from 25 to 44; 24.9% were from 45 to 64; and 17.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.3% male and 51.7% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,054 people, 439 households, and 295 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,473.4 PD/sqmi. There were 474 housing units at an average density of 662.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 98.77% White, 0.28% African American, 0.28% Native American, 0.09% Asian, 0.09% from other races, and 0.47% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.04% of the population.

There were 439 households, out of which 31.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.0% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.6% were non-families. 30.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.96.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.2% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 26.7% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 19.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,786, and the median income for a family was $37,039. Males had a median income of $28,229 versus $19,706 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,138. About 13.4% of families and 12.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.2% of those under age 18 and 4.7% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The community is served by Troy USD 429 public school district.

Notable people

 * Chloe Gartner, American novelist.
 * Charles "Buffalo" Jones, American frontiersman, farmer, rancher, hunter, and conservationist who cofounded Garden City, Kansas.
 * Charles Evans Whittaker, Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court from 1957 to 1962

title: Troy, Kansas


text:
Wathena, Kansas

Wathena is a city in Doniphan County, Kansas, United States, located about 5 mi west of St. Joseph, Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 1,246.

History
Wathena was founded in 1856. The city is named in honor of Chief Wathena, a Native American chief of the Kickapoo tribe who previously lived in the area.

The first post office in Wathena was established in 1855, August,1856 but before August, 1859, the post office was called Bryan.

The St. Joseph & Denver Railroad was extended to Wathena in 1860.

Wathena was incorporated as a city in 1873.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.31 sqmi, of which 2.28 sqmi is land and 0.03 sqmi is water.

Demographics
Wathena is part of the St. Joseph, MO–KS Metropolitan Statistical Area.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,364 people, 550 households, and 365 families living in the city. The population density was 598.2 PD/sqmi. There were 587 housing units at an average density of 257.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.6% White, 1.3% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.3% Asian, and 1.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.1% of the population.

There were 550 households, of which 32.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.6% were non-families. 29.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.92.

The median age in the city was 40.9 years. 24.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.9% were from 25 to 44; 25.9% were from 45 to 64; and 17.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.2% male and 52.8% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,348 people, 524 households, and 345 families living in the city. The population density was 690.6 PD/sqmi. There were 566 housing units at an average density of 290.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 97.48% White, 0.67% African American, 0.59% Native American, 0.30% from other races, and 0.96% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.96% of the population.

There were 524 households, out of which 34.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.4% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.0% were non-families. 30.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.14.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 27.3% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 23.0% from 45 to 64, and 15.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $34,046, and the median income for a family was $40,216. Males had a median income of $31,618 versus $20,800 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,440. About 5.5% of families and 9.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.6% of those under age 18 and 17.2% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The community is served by Riverside USD 114 public school district. School unification in 2010 consolidated Elwood schools and Wathena schools forming USD 114. The Riverside High School mascot is Cyclones.

Wathena High School closed through school unification. The Wathena High School mascot was Wathena Wildcats.

Notable people

 * Louis W. Staudenmaier, Wisconsin state legislator and lawyer, was born in Wathena.

title: Wathena, Kansas


text:
White Cloud, Kansas

White Cloud (Ioway: Chína Maxúthga pronounced or Chína Maxúhga pronounced, meaning "Village Cloud-White") is a city in Doniphan County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 115. It was named for Francis White Cloud, a son of Chief White Cloud of the Iowa people. White Cloud is the seat of government for the Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska.

History
The first post office at White Cloud was established in July, 1855.

In 1857, the town site was purchased by John Utt and Enoch Spaulding, two land promoters from Oregon, Missouri, who then sold lots in the town. White Cloud prospered by taking advantage of steamboat traffic on the nearby Missouri River.

In 1913, ten-year-old Wilbur Chapman of White Cloud gained widespread publicity after raising and selling a pig for $25, which he donated to the American Mission to Lepers. An obelisk-shaped monument was installed in front of the Community Christian Church in White Cloud in Chapman's honor.

Some scenes from the 1973 movie Paper Moon were filmed in White Cloud. White Cloud is featured in episode 4 of the 2008 television documentary Stephen Fry in America.

The entire downtown district of White Cloud is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, as are the Poulet House and the White Cloud School.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.73 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
White Cloud is part of the St. Joseph, MO–KS Metropolitan Statistical Area.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 176 people, 86 households, and 44 families residing in the city. The population density was 241.1 PD/sqmi. There were 132 housing units at an average density of 180.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 68.2% White, 3.4% African American, 18.8% Native American, 1.1% from other races, and 8.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.1% of the population.

There were 86 households, of which 24.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 33.7% were married couples living together, 12.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 48.8% were non-families. 40.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 24.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.05 and the average family size was 2.75.

The median age in the city was 44.7 years. 19.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 12.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 18.8% were from 25 to 44; 27.3% were from 45 to 64; and 21.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 51.1% male and 48.9% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 239 people, 108 households, and 57 families residing in the city. The population density was 329.7 PD/sqmi. There were 134 housing units at an average density of 184.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 70.71% White, 3.77% African American, 17.99% Native American, 1.26% Asian, 1.26% from other races, and 5.02% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.44% of the population.

There were 108 households, out of which 26.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.0% were married couples living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.3% were non-families. 36.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.98.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.2% under the age of 18, 18.8% from 18 to 24, 22.2% from 25 to 44, 23.4% from 45 to 64, and 13.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 111.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $28,393, and the median income for a family was $34,688. Males had a median income of $25,938 versus $16,563 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,828. About 1.9% of families and 6.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.0% of those under the age of eighteen and 5.1% of those 65 or over.

Education
The community is served by Doniphan West USD 111 public school district.

Attractions

 * The Four State Lookout is located on high ground north of White Cloud. A viewing area enables visitors to see the states of Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska and Iowa.
 * The Casino White Cloud is located 5 miles west of the town, on the Iowa Tribe Reservation.

title: White Cloud, Kansas


text:
Baldwin City, Kansas

Baldwin City is a city in Douglas County, Kansas, United States, about 12 mi south of Lawrence. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 4,826. The city is home to Baker University, the state's oldest four-year university.

Early history
Baldwin City began as a trail stop on the Santa Fe Trail named Palmyra. The small community consisted of a harness shop, blacksmith, hotel, lawyer, drug store, two doctors and a tavern. In 1858, a group of Methodist ministers gathered at Kibbee Cabin and founded Baker University. Palmyra bought land to the south for the university and surrounding city. The first post office was established in June, 1857.

A main benefactor of the community was John Baldwin and the town was named in his honor. Baldwin built a saw mill which was at present-day Fifth and Indiana Streets. Baldwin City was incorporated on September 22, 1870.

Baldwin City unwittingly found themselves surrounded by the events that led up to the American Civil War. Three miles east of Baldwin was the town site of Black Jack where the Battle of Black Jack took place on June 2, 1856. The night before that battle, John Brown stayed in Prairie City. In 1863, Quantrill's raiders passed within three miles (5 km) of Baldwin after the burning of Lawrence.

Midland Railway
In 1867, the Leavenworth, Lawrence and Galveston Railroad laid tracks and became the first Kansas railroad south of the Kansas River. In 1906, the Santa Fe Depot was built and today the Midland Railway offers over 20-mile round trip excursion rides to Ottawa via "Nowhere" and Norwood. Midland's Scout program is one of the few in the country to offer a railroading merit badge and Midland has hosted a Thomas the Tank Engine attraction the last few years.

Maple Leaf Festival
Every year since 1957, Baldwin City has hosted the Maple Leaf Festival during the third full weekend in October. It began as a way to celebrate a successful harvest and to view the fall foliage. Today, it is the largest fall family event in the area and features a parade, arts and crafts, quilt show, theatrical performances, history tours, train rides and live music. Annually it draws crowds of 30,000 or more.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 2.64 sqmi, of which 2.62 sqmi is land and 0.02 sqmi is water.

Climate
The area's climate is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally cool to cold winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Baldwin City has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

Demographics
Baldwin City is part of the Lawrence Metropolitan Statistical Area.

2020 census
The 2020 United States census counted 4,826 people, 1,651 households, and 1,085 families in Baldwin City. The population density was 1,802.8 per square mile (696.0/km$2$). There were 1,748 housing units at an average density of 653.0 per square mile (252.1/km$2$). The racial makeup was 87.65% (4,230) white or European American (85.81% non-Hispanic white), 1.99% (96) black or African-American, 0.97% (47) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.73% (35) Asian, 0.12% (6) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 1.64% (79) from other races, and 6.9% (333) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 4.33% (209) of the population.

Of the 1,651 households, 34.5% had children under the age of 18; 48.6% were married couples living together; 25.9% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 28.7% of households consisted of individuals and 14.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.7 and the average family size was 3.2. The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 23.5% of the population.

22.2% of the population was under the age of 18, 20.7% from 18 to 24, 20.0% from 25 to 44, 21.2% from 45 to 64, and 15.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.1 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 106.8 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $74,074 (with a margin of error of +/- $7,962) and the median family income was $76,346 (+/- $17,265). Males had a median income of $34,583 (+/- $20,308) versus $16,000 (+/- $10,190) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $23,188 (+/- $12,766). Approximately, 4.4% of families and 7.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.8% of those under the age of 18 and 6.2% of those ages 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 4,515 people, 1,501 households, and 1,011 families living in the city. The population density was 1723.3 PD/sqmi. There were 1,665 housing units at an average density of 635.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 93.4% White, 2.1% African American, 0.7% Native American, 0.5% Asian, 0.6% from other races, and 2.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.0% of the population.

There were 1,501 households, of which 37.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.6% were married couples living together, 10.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 32.6% were non-families. 26.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.08.

The median age in the city was 30.2 years. 24.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 20.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.9% were from 25 to 44; 20.1% were from 45 to 64; and 11.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.5% male and 51.5% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,400 people, 1,077 households, and 774 families living in the city. The population density was 1,565.1 PD/sqmi. There were 1,165 housing units at an average density of 536.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 93.62% White, 1.12% African American, 0.74% Native American, 0.62% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.38% from other races, and 3.47% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.62% of the population.

There were 1,077 households, out of which 39.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.8% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.1% were non-families. 24.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the average family size was 3.10.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.3% under the age of 18, 21.8% from 18 to 24, 24.2% from 25 to 44, 17.4% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $43,269, and the median income for a family was $51,667. Males had a median income of $37,111 versus $25,850 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,698. About 5.6% of families and 7.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.0% of those under age 18 and 5.7% of those age 65 or over.

Government
The Baldwin City government consists of a mayor and five council members. The council meets the first and third Tuesdays of each month at 7:00pm.
 * City Hall, 803 Eighth Street.

Primary and secondary education
The community is served by Baldwin City USD 348 public school district, and serves most of southern Douglas County. It maintains four schools in Baldwin City (Baldwin Elementary, Baldwin Intermediate, Baldwin Junior High and Baldwin High School). On December 13, 2010, the USD 348 Board of Education voted to close the schools in Vinland and Worden at the end of the 2010–2011 school year.
 * Baldwin High School is home to the Bulldogs.

 * Closed schools
 * Vinland Elementary - closed in 2011
 * Marion Springs Elementary - closed in 2011

College
Baldwin City is home to the main campus of Baker University, a liberal arts university founded in 1858 by United Methodist ministers. It is the oldest four-year university in Kansas and has been coed since it was founded.

Notable people

 * Delia L. Weatherby (1843—1916), temperance reformer and author.

title: Baldwin City, Kansas