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Lac de Guiers

The Lac de Guiers or Lake Guiers is a lake in northern Senegal, south of the city of Richard-Toll and in the Louga and Saint-Louis regions. It is a chief source of fresh water for the city of Dakar, hundreds of kilometers to the south-west, through underground pipes.

It is about 35 kilometers long and 8 kilometers wide, and is supplied by the Ferlo or Bounoum River, which flows north into its southern end, from Fouta in the rainy season. Water flows out to the Senegal River north through the, which has been straightened and canalized as it passes through Richard-Toll. A dam was built in 1916 to prevent saltwater flowing in.

The shores are mostly fertile. The north shore and surrounding area have been converted to a large sugar-growing region irrigated with water from the lake.

Lac de Guiers is designated an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International; the key species are lesser flamingo (Phoeniconaias minor), glossy ibis (Plegadis falcinellus), Eurasian spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia), African spoonbill (Platalea alba), white-winged tern (Chlidonias leucopterus) and river prinia (Prinia fluviatilis).

The lake has a complicated history involving the kingdoms of Tekrur and Waalo and the Empire of Jolof (Diolof). Notably, the settlement of N'Der, the third and final capital of the former Kingdom of Waalo, was located on the west shores of the Lake. The royal compound or "keur" is still there. Previously Lac de Guiers was called Lac du Panier Foule or Pania Fuli, referring to the Fula people.

title: Lac de Guiers


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See Change Festival

The See Change Festival is a biennial arts festival held in the Jervis Bay and St Georges Basin area, of the City of Shoalhaven, in late May and early June. The festival was first held in 2000. Festival events are themed around visual and performing arts, and literature, including photography, film, painting, sculpture, story writing, poetry and music. See Change is the sister festival of See Celebrations.

A virtual festival happened in 2020.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: See Change Festival


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City of Shoalhaven

The City of Shoalhaven is a local government area in the South Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. The area is about 200 km south of Sydney. The Princes Highway passes through the area, and the South Coast railway line traverses the northern section, terminating at Bomaderry. At the, the population was 108,531.

The City was established on 1 July 1948 as the Shoalhaven Shire, following the amalgamation of the Municipalities of Nowra, Berry, Broughton's Vale, Ulladulla, South Shoalhaven, and the shires of Cambewarra and Clyde. The Governor of NSW on 13 July 1979 proclaimed Shoalhaven as a city. The Shire was converted and constituted on 1 August 1979 simultaneously as a municipality and city.

History
Modern-day groupings of the Illawarra and South Coast Aboriginal peoples are based on information compiled by white anthropologists from the late 1870s. Two divisions were initially presented (refer Ridley, 1878), using geographical location and language, though these criteria are now expanded into five divisions and given Aboriginal names, as follows (after C.Sefton, 1983):

 * Dharawal – general name for the Aboriginal people of the area on the east coast of New South Wales from Botany Bay to Shoalhaven, and west to Berrima and Camden.
 * Wodiwodi (or Wadi-Wadi) – a subdivision of Thuruwal, includes the Aboriginal people of the coast from Wollongong to Shoalhaven.
 * Gurandada and Tharumba (or Dharumba) – those people living around the Shoalhaven River.

The Jerrinja people record their traditional lands as stretching from Crooked River in the north to Clyde River in the south, from the mountains to the sea at Roseby Park.

George Bass explored the area in 1797, following Seven Mile Beach. He crossed the shoals at the entrance to the river, calling it "Shoals Haven" due to the shallowness of the river mouth. This river is now known as the Crookhaven, but the name was adopted for the Shoalhaven area and the Shoalhaven River.

Towns and localities in the local government area

Shoalhaven, although designated a city, is a dispersed region spread over 125 km of coastline, with the vast majority of its population located in the north-east around Nowra, Jervis Bay and Sussex Inlet.

It includes the following towns, suburbs and localities:

Localities with no population in 2016 included:

Current composition and election method
Shoalhaven City Council is composed of thirteen councillors, including the mayor, for a fixed four-year term. The mayor is directly elected while the twelve other councillors are elected proportionally as three separate wards, each electing four councillors. The most recent election was held in 2021 and the makeup of the Council, including the mayor, is: Amanda Finley.

Tourism and culture
The Shoalhaven can be reached from Sydney by car via the Princes Highway and by rail via the South Coast railway line which terminates just north of Nowra at Bomaderry. The Shoalhaven is adjacent to the Jervis Bay Territory. The area is approximately 160 km long along the coastline, including 109 beaches, which allegedly possesses the whitest sand in the world, as well as pristine natural Australian bushland. The Shoalhaven area is home to numerous species of native Australian flora and fauna.

The area is well known for its strong commitment to the arts and music, featuring the See Change and See Celebrations festivals in the Jervis Bay and St Georges Basin areas, as well as the EscapeArtfest festival and Blessing of the Fleet in the Ulladulla area.

Tourists to Shoalhaven can enjoy a wealth of cultural and nature-based activities and experiences, including whale-watching, kayaking, visiting beaches and tastings at wineries. Some of the most famous establishments for visitors in Shoalhaven are Rick Stein at Bannisters, Cupitt's Estate and Coolangatta Estate.

Heritage listings
Heritage listings for the City of Shoalhaven include:

 * Bherwerre Beach, Wreck Bay: Hive shipwreck

title: City of Shoalhaven


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Patrick O'Brian

Patrick O'Brian (12 December 1914 – 2 January 2000), born Richard Patrick Russ, was an English novelist and translator, best known for his Aubrey–Maturin series of sea novels set in the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic Wars, and centred on the friendship of the English naval captain Jack Aubrey and the Irish–Catalan physician Stephen Maturin. The 20-novel series, the first of which is Master and Commander, is known for its well-researched and highly detailed portrayal of early 19th-century life, as well as its authentic and evocative language. A partially finished 21st novel in the series was published posthumously containing facing pages of handwriting and typescript.

O'Brian wrote a number of other novels and short stories, most of which were published before he achieved success with the Aubrey–Maturin series. He also translated works from French to English, and wrote biographies of Joseph Banks and Picasso.

His major success as a writer came late in life, when the Aubrey–Maturin series caught the eye of an American publisher. The series drew more readers and favourable reviews when the author was in his seventies. Near the end of his life, and in the same year that he lost his wife, British media revealed details of O'Brian's early life, first marriage, and post-war change of name, causing distress to the very private author and to many of his readers at that time.

Childhood, early career and marriages
O'Brian was christened as Richard Patrick Russ, in Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire, a son of Charles Russ, an English physician of German descent, and Jessie Russ (née Goddard), an English woman of Irish descent. The eighth of nine children, O'Brian lost his mother at the age of four, and his biographers describe a fairly isolated childhood, limited by poverty, with sporadic schooling, at St Marylebone Grammar School from 1924 to 1926, while living in Putney, and then at Lewes Grammar School, from September 1926 to July 1929, after the family moved to Lewes, East Sussex, but with intervals at home with his father and stepmother Zoe Center.

His literary career began in his childhood, with the publication of his earliest works, including several short stories. The book Hussein, An Entertainment published by Oxford University Press in 1938, and the short-story collection Beasts Royal brought considerable critical praise, especially considering his youth. He published his first novel at age 15, Caesar: The Life Story of a Panda Leopard, with help from his father.

In 1927 he applied unsuccessfully to enter the Royal Naval College, Dartmouth. In 1934, he underwent a brief period of pilot training with the Royal Air Force, but that was not successful and he left the RAF. Prior to that, his application to join the Royal Navy had been rejected on health grounds. In 1935, he was living in London, where he married his first wife, Elizabeth Jones, in 1936. They had two children. The second was a daughter who suffered from spina bifida, and died in 1942, aged three, in a country village in Sussex. When the child died, O'Brian had already returned to London, where he worked throughout the war.

The details of his employment during the Second World War are murky. He worked as an ambulance driver, and he stated that he worked in intelligence in the Political Intelligence Department (PID). Dean King has said O'Brian was actively involved in intelligence work and perhaps special operations overseas during the war. Indeed, despite his usual extreme reticence about his past, O'Brian wrote in an essay, "Black, Choleric and Married?", included in the book Patrick O'Brian: Critical Appreciations and a Bibliography (1994) that: "Some time after the blitz had died away I joined one of those intelligence organisations that flourished during the War, perpetually changing their initials and competing with one another. Our work had to do with France, and more than that I shall not say, since disclosing methods and stratagems that have deceived the enemy once and that may deceive him again seems to me foolish. After the war we retired to Wales (I say we because my wife and I had driven ambulances and served in intelligence together) where we lived for a while in a high Welsh-speaking valley..." which confirms in first person the intelligence connection, as well as introducing his wife Mary Tolstoy, née Wicksteed, as a co-worker and fellow intelligence operative.

Nikolai Tolstoy, stepson through O'Brian's marriage to Mary, disputes that account, confirming only that O'Brian worked as a volunteer ambulance driver during the Blitz when he met Mary, the separated wife of Russian-born nobleman and lawyer Count Dimitri Tolstoy. They lived together through the latter part of the war and, after both were divorced from their previous spouses, they married in July 1945. The following month he changed his name by deed poll to Patrick O'Brian.

Sailing experience
As background to his later sea-going novels, O'Brian did claim to have had limited experience on a square-rigged sailing vessel, as described within his previously-quoted 1994 essay:

"The disease that racked my bosom every now and then did not much affect my strength and when it left me in peace (for there were long remissions) sea-air and sea-voyages were recommended. An uncle had a two-ton sloop and several friends had boats, which was fine, but what was even better was that my particular friend Edward, who shared a tutor with me, had a cousin who possessed an ocean-going yacht, a converted square-rigged merchantman, that he used to crew with undergraduates and fair-sized boys, together with some real seamen, and sail far off into the Atlantic. The young are wonderfully resilient, and although I never became much of a topman, after a while I could hand, reef and steer without disgrace, which allowed more ambitious sailoring later on."

However, in 1995, venture capitalist Thomas Perkins offered O'Brian a two-week cruise aboard his then sailing yacht, a 154 ft ketch. In an article about the experience written after O'Brian's death, Perkins commented that "... his knowledge of the practical aspects of sailing seemed, amazingly, almost nil" and "... he seemed to have no feeling for the wind and the course, and frequently I had to intervene to prevent a full standing gybe. I began to suspect that his autobiographical references to his months at sea as a youth were fanciful."

Life after the Second World War
Between 1946 and 1949 the O'Brians lived in Cwm Croesor, a remote valley in north Wales, where they initially rented a cottage from Clough Williams-Ellis. O'Brian pursued his interest in natural history; he fished, went birdwatching, and followed the local hunt. During this time they lived on Mary O'Brian's small income and the limited earnings from O'Brian's writings.

In 1949 O'Brian and Mary moved to Collioure, a Catalan town in southern France. He and Mary remained together in Collioure until her death in 1998. Mary's love and support were critical to O'Brian throughout his career. She worked with him in the British Library in the 1940s as he collected source material for his anthology A Book of Voyages, which became the first book to bear his new name – the book was among his favourites, because of this close collaboration. The death of his wife in March 1998 was a tremendous blow to O'Brian. In the last two years of his life, particularly once the details of his early life were revealed to the world, he was a "lonely, tortured, and at the last possibly paranoid figure."

Media exposure and controversy in his final years
O'Brian protected his privacy fiercely and was usually reluctant to reveal any details about his private life or past, preferring to include no biographical details on his book jackets and supplying only a minimum of personal information when pressed to do so. For many years reviewers and journalists presumed he was Irish, and he took no steps to correct the impression. One interviewer, Mark Horowitz, described the man in his late seventies as "a compact, austere gentleman. ... his pale, watchful eyes are clear and alert." He is polite, formal, and erudite in conversation, an erudition that Horowitz said could be intimidating. He learned from those who worked with O'Brian that the erudition did not go unnoticed, while they remained friends.

Richard Ollard, a naval historian, calls this particular habit "blowing people out of the game." Ollard, who edited the early Aubrey–Maturin novels, urged O'Brian to tone down the most obscure allusions, though the books remain crammed with Latin tags, antiquated medical terminology and an endless stream of marvellous-sounding but impenetrable naval jargon. "Like many who have struggled themselves", Ollard said of his friend, "he thought others should struggle, too." One longtime acquaintance put it more bluntly: "Patrick can be a bit of a snob, socially and intellectually."

In 1998, a BBC documentary and an exposé in The Daily Telegraph made public the facts of his ancestry, original name and first marriage, provoking considerable critical media comment. In his biography of O'Brian, Nikolai Tolstoy claims to give a more accurate and balanced account of his late stepfather's character, actions and motives, particularly in respect of his first marriage and family.

John Lanchester in reviewing Tolstoy's book, says "The last few years have been disheartening for Patrick O'Brian's many fans." He does not find the arguments altogether persuasive, and with access to documents that Dean King never saw, Tolstoy "gives a portrait of a man who is cold, bullying, isolated, snobbish and super-sensitive." Lanchester closes by saying "Let's agree, we O'Brianists, to read the novels and forget everything else." Veale, in reviewing King's book, says that "however judicious and well-grounded his [King's] speculation, he fails to crack his subject's protective shell. In the end, Aubrey and Maturin will have to thrive on their own—which is how the willfully enigmatic O'Brian most likely intended it."

Horowitz interviewed O'Brian at his home in France in 1994: "Until recently, he refused all interviews. Those authors we know the least about, he says, are the ones we get in their purest form, like Homer. In Clarissa Oakes (published as The Truelove in the US), Stephen warns would-be interviewers that "question and answer is not a civilised form of conversation." O'Brian deflects direct inquiries about his private life, and when asked why he moved to the south of France after World War II, he stops and fixes his interrogator with a cold stare. "That seems to be getting rather close to a personal question," he says softly, walking on."

At his death, many obituaries were published evaluating his work, particularly in the Aubrey–Maturin series, and the revelations of his biography prior to his marriage to Mary Wicksteed Tolstoy. Playwright David Mamet wrote an appreciation. His American publisher, W. W. Norton, wrote an appreciation, mentioning their story with O'Brian, how pleased they were the three times he came to the US, in 1993, 1995 and in November 1999 only weeks before his death, and noting sales in the US alone of over three million copies.

Death
He continued to work on his naval novels until his death and spent the winter of 1998–1999 at Trinity College Dublin. He died there on 2 January 2000. His body was returned to Collioure, where he is buried next to his wife.

The "Amis de Patrick O'Brian" association, which is located in Collioure, was bequeathed O'Brian's desk and various of his writing artefacts and research materials.

As Patrick Russ
O'Brian published two novels, a collection of stories and several uncollected stories under his original name, Richard Patrick Russ. His first novel, Caesar: The Life Story of a Panda-Leopard, was written at the age of 12 and published three years later in 1930. It was a critical success, with a recommendation in the New Statesman and positive reviews in publications including the New York Herald Tribune and the Saturday Review of Literature. Other stories followed, published in boys' magazines and annuals and incorporating themes of natural history and adventure, and a collection of these and other animal stories was published in 1934 under the title Beasts Royal, with illustrations by the noted artist Charles Tunnicliffe, illustrator of Tarka the Otter.

Hussein: An entertainment, set in India, was published in 1938, when O'Brian was 23. It was notable for being the first book of contemporary fiction ever published by the Oxford University Press, to whose annuals for boys he had been a regular contributor for some years. O'Brian published very little under his original name of Russ during World War II, and nothing after 1940. His change of surname in 1945 necessarily meant abandoning the literary reputation he had built up as R P Russ.

As Patrick O'Brian
O'Brian returned to writing after the war when he moved to rural Wales. His non-fiction anthology A Book of Voyages (1947) attracted little attention. A collection of short stories, The Last Pool, was published in 1950 and was more widely and favourably reviewed, although sales were low. The countryside and people around his village in Wales provided inspiration for many of his short stories of the period, and also his novel Testimonies (1952), which is set in a thinly disguised Cwm Croesor, and which was well received by Delmore Schwartz in Partisan Review in 1952. His next novel was The Catalans, published in 1953. The review in The New York Times noted O'Brian's accomplishments in Testimonies; The Catalans was viewed as a series of well-written scenes by an observant author, but the reviewer did not think it held together as a novel.

In the 1950s, O'Brian wrote three books aimed at a younger age group, The Road to Samarcand, The Golden Ocean, and The Unknown Shore. Although written many years before the Aubrey–Maturin series, the two naval novels reveal literary antecedents of Aubrey and Maturin. In The Golden Ocean and The Unknown Shore, based on events of George Anson's voyage around the world from 1740 to 1744, they can be clearly seen in the characters of Jack Byron and Tobias Barrow in the latter novel.

Over four decades he worked on his own writings, his British literary reputation growing slowly. He became an established translator of French works into English. His early novels and several of the translations were published by Rupert Hart-Davis from 1953 to 1974. O'Brian wrote the first of the Aubrey–Maturin series in 1969 at the suggestion of American publisher J B Lippincott, following the 1966 death of C. S. Forester, a writer of popular nautical novels. The Aubrey–Maturin books were quietly popular in Britain; after the first four volumes, they were not published in the United States.

In the early 1990s, the series was successfully relaunched into the American market by the interest of Starling Lawrence of W. W. Norton publishers, attracting critical acclaim and dramatically increasing O'Brian's sales and public profile in the UK and America. Paul D. Colford notes that when O'Brian "visited the United States a few weeks ago [in December 1993], fans waiting to meet, lunch and have tea with him included Walter Cronkite, Sen. Dirk Kempthorne (R-Idaho) and Supreme Court Justice Anthony Kennedy, who invited O'Brian to attend a session of the high court. Hollywood also wants a piece of the press-shy storyteller."

The novels sold over three million copies in 20 languages. In its review of 21: The Final Unfinished Voyage of Jack Aubrey (published in 2004), Publishers Weekly said that over six million copies had been sold. Thus O'Brian's greatest success in writing, gaining him fame, a following, and invitations to events and interviews came late in his life, when he was well into his seventies and accustomed to his privacy.

Shortly before his last completed novel was published in October 1999, O'Brian wrote an article for a series of the best in the millennium ending, titled "Full Nelson", choosing for his topic Admiral Nelson's victory in the Battle of the Nile in 1798.

Aubrey–Maturin series
Beginning in 1969, O'Brian began writing what turned into the 20-volume Aubrey–Maturin series of novels. The books are set in the early 19th century and describe the lives and careers of Captain Jack Aubrey of the Royal Navy and his friend, naval physician and naturalist Dr Stephen Maturin, a man of Irish and Catalan parents. The books are distinguished by O'Brian's deliberate use and adaptation of actual historical events, either integrating his protagonists in the action without changing the outcome, or using adapted historical events as templates. In addition to this trait and to O'Brian's distinctive literary style, his sense of humour is prominent (see Humour in main article, Aubrey–Maturin series).

The series employs technical sailing terminology throughout. Some critics consider the books a roman fleuve, which can be read as one long story; the books follow Aubrey and Maturin's professional and domestic lives continuously.

Other works
As well as his historical novels, O'Brian wrote three adult mainstream novels, six short-story collections, and a history of the Royal Navy aimed at young readers. He was also a respected translator, responsible for more than 30 translations from the French into English, including Henri Charrière's Papillon (UK) and Banco: The further adventures of Papillon, Jean Lacouture's biography of Charles de Gaulle, as well as many of Simone de Beauvoir's later works.

O'Brian wrote detailed biographies of Sir Joseph Banks, an English naturalist who took part in Cook's first voyage (and who appears briefly in O'Brian's Aubrey-Maturin series), and Pablo Picasso. His biography of Picasso is a massive and comprehensive study of the artist. Picasso and O'Brian both lived in the French village of Collioure and became acquainted there.

Peter Weir's 2003 film, Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World is loosely based on the novel The Far Side of the World from the Aubrey–Maturin series for its plot, but draws on a number of the novels for incidents within the film. The character of Jack Aubrey is drawn from the character in the novels.

Awards, honours and recognition
In 1995 he was awarded the inaugural Heywood Hill Literary Prize, in the amount of 10,000 pounds, for his lifetime's writings. In his acceptance speech in July 1995, O'Brian, then age 80, said it was the first literary prize of his adult life. He received an honorary doctorate from Trinity College Dublin, and a CBE on June 17, 1997.

On 21–23 September 2001, the National Museum of the Royal Navy, Portsmouth, organised a The Patrick O'Brian Weekend to celebrate O'Brian's achievement in depicting Nelson's Navy in his novels. The weekend featured lectures by some of Britain's leading naval historians on "how the novels closely reflect the insights of modern scholarship". There was a concert of contemporary music and readings from his books. The weekend concluded with a tour of Nelson's flagship HMS Victory followed by a dinner on her lower gundeck. The event was repeated one year later at the same venue.

Original manuscripts
O'Brian claimed that he wrote "like a Christian, with ink and quill"; Mary was his first reader and typed his manuscripts "pretty" for the publisher. O'Brian handwrote all his books and stories, shunning both typewriter and word processor. The handwritten manuscripts for 18 Aubrey-Maturin novels have been acquired by the Lilly Library at Indiana University. Only two, The Letter of Marque and Blue at the Mizzen, owned by Stuart Bennet, remain in private hands. Bennet donated his correspondence from O'Brian to the Lilly Library; one letter recommends to Bennet that he donate the two manuscripts he holds to Indiana University, where the rest of the manuscripts reside. The O'Brian manuscript collection at the Lilly Library also includes the manuscripts for Picasso and Joseph Banks and detailed notes for six Aubrey/Maturin novels. The 2011 exhibit Blue at the Mizzen suggests that the manuscript was donated.

Nikolai Tolstoy also has an extensive collection of O'Brian manuscript material, including the second half of Hussein, several short stories, much of the reportedly "lost" book on Bestiaries, letters, diaries, journals, notes, poems, book reviews, and several unpublished short stories.

Aubrey–Maturin series

 * 1) Master and Commander (1969)
 * 2) Post Captain (1972)
 * 3) HMS Surprise (1973)
 * 4) The Mauritius Command (1977)
 * 5) Desolation Island (1978)
 * 6) The Fortune of War (1979)
 * 7) The Surgeon's Mate (1980)
 * 8) The Ionian Mission (1981)
 * 9) Treason's Harbour (1983)
 * 10) The Far Side of the World (1984)
 * 11) The Reverse of the Medal (1986)
 * 12) The Letter of Marque (1988)
 * 13) The Thirteen-Gun Salute (1989)
 * 14) The Nutmeg of Consolation (1991)
 * 15) Clarissa Oakes (1992) (published as The Truelove in the US)
 * 16) The Wine-Dark Sea (1993)
 * 17) The Commodore (1994)
 * 18) The Yellow Admiral (1996)
 * 19) The Hundred Days (1998)
 * 20) Blue at the Mizzen (1999)
 * 21) The Final Unfinished Voyage of Jack Aubrey (2004) (published as 21 in the US)

Fiction (non-serial)

 * Caesar (1930, his first book, which led him to be often labelled by critics as the 'boy-Thoreau')
 * Hussein, An Entertainment (1938)
 * Testimonies (1952) (First published in the UK as Three Bear Witness )
 * The Catalans (1953) (The Frozen Flame in the UK)
 * The Road to Samarcand (1954)
 * The Golden Ocean (1956)
 * The Unknown Shore (1959)
 * Richard Temple (1962)

Short story collections

 * Beasts Royal (1934)
 * The Last Pool and Other Stories (1950)
 * The Walker and Other Stories (1955)
 * Lying in the Sun and Other Stories (1956)
 * The Chian Wine and Other Stories (1974)
 * Collected Short Stories (1994) (The Rendezvous and Other Stories in the US)
 * The Complete Short Stories (2023)

Non-fiction

 * Men-of-War: Life in Nelson's Navy (1974). ISBN 0-393-03858-0
 * Pablo Ruiz Picasso: A Biography (1976) ISBN 978-0-393-31107-5
 * Joseph Banks: A Life (1987) The Harvill Press, London. Paperback reprint, 1989. ISBN 1-86046-406-8
 * Histoire Naturelle Des Indes: The Drake Manuscript in the Pierpont Morgan Library (1996) with Morgan Pierpont and Ruth S Kraemer, Translator, London: W W Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-03994-8

Poetry

 * The Uncertain Land and Other Poems (2019)

French to English translations of other authors' works

 * Daily Life of the Aztecs on the Eve of the Spanish Conquest by Jacques Soustelle. London, George Weidenfeld & Nicolson Ltd (1961)
 * Daily Life in the Time of Jesus by Henri Daniel-Rops. London, George Weidenfeld & Nicolson Ltd (1962)
 * Munich: Peace for Our Time by Henri Nogueres. London, George Weidenfeld & Nicolson Ltd (1965)
 * The Horsemen by Joseph Kessel. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux (1968)
 * Papillon by Henri Charrière. London, Rupert Hart-Davis (1970)
 * Banco: The further adventures of Papillon by Henri Charrière. New York, William Morrow (1973)
 * Target: Heydrich by Miroslav Ivanov (writer). London. Hart-Davis, MacGibbon (1973)
 * Works by Simone de Beauvoir
 * De Gaulle The Rebel 1890 – 1944 by Jean Lacouture. London, Collins Harvill (1990) ISBN 978-0-393-02699-3

Edited by O'Brian

 * A Book of Voyages (1947) (First American Edition 2013) ISBN 978-0-393-08958-5

Published biographies of O'Brian
Since O'Brian's death, two biographies have been published, though the first was well advanced when he died. The second is by O'Brian's stepson Nikolai Tolstoy.

Dean King's Patrick O'Brian: A Life Revealed was the first biography to document O'Brian's early life under his original name.

Tolstoy's two-volume biography, Patrick O'Brian: The Making of the Novelist (2004) and Patrick O'Brian: A Very Private Life (2019) make use of material from the Russ and Tolstoy families and sources, including O'Brian's personal papers and library which Tolstoy inherited on O'Brian's death.

General and cited references

 * (US edition of the above book)
 * (US edition of the above book)
 * (US edition of the above book)
 * (US edition of the above book)

Also of importance when studying O'Brian's works:

 * (US edition of above book)
 * (US edition of above book)

title: Patrick O'Brian


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Talk:Helium

Covalent radius
How does the concept of covalent radius make sense for helium, as it doesn't normally bond with anything? If it is based on a measurement of a bond in some actual helium compound, what is the compound? It seems like a reference is needed in the infobox.CountMacula (talk) 15:59, 8 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Hmm. In Covalent radius it says: Tabulated values of covalent radii are either average or idealized values, which nevertheless show a certain transferability between different situations, which makes them useful.  I suspect the idealized values part allows it. Note that on Covalent radius it has two (very) different values for helium. I suspect that not putting one on this page would be a good choice. Gah4 (talk) 18:30, 8 November 2022 (UTC)
 * There are known bound ions containing helium, see Helium compounds. I don't think it's too much of a stretch to consider HeH+ to contain a H–He covalent bond, so these values make sense even without idealisation. The bigger problem to my mind is that the two values are very different, as says. Double sharp (talk) 17:00, 29 December 2023 (UTC)
 * There are known bound ions containing helium, see Helium compounds. I don't think it's too much of a stretch to consider HeH+ to contain a H–He covalent bond, so these values make sense even without idealisation. The bigger problem to my mind is that the two values are very different, as says. Double sharp (talk) 17:00, 29 December 2023 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 6 September 2023
Where they say that large amounts of helium-4 are made in stars, add to it "and a little more from alpha decaying radioactive materials" or some variation thereof. RealNamesAreFineZ.E.O (talk) 17:06, 6 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. M.Bitton (talk) 21:44, 6 September 2023 (UTC)

Featured Article status
This very early FA needs improvement to keep its status; it has had two cleanup banners for years now, on citations and updates. The latter is especially troubling, with sentences such as "is expected to be largely depleted by 2021" and a lack of updates for issues such as conservation, the potential new molecular compounds, and applications usage. I will list this on WP:FARGIVEN, in case anyone wants to take it to FAR. ~~ AirshipJungleman29 (talk) 13:34, 25 March 2024 (UTC)
 * I see that the clean-up banners are still on the page. Would you be interested in evaluating the article to see if the banners should be removed, or do you want to nominate this to WP:FAR? Z1720 (talk) 22:52, 26 May 2024 (UTC)

Isn't Helium p-block element
Many resources consider helium as p block element as it behaves like noble gas AdiDas5501 (talk) 13:55, 9 May 2024 (UTC)

 * It is classified as an s block element because the last shell that is filled is the 1s shell. –LaundryPizza03 ( d c̄ ) 04:52, 12 May 2024 (UTC)

Janssen not co-discoverer
The helium article should be edited in several places to correct the history of the observation of the line near D3. "Helium was first detected as an unknown, yellow spectral line signature in sunlight during a solar eclipse in 1868 by Georges Rayet,[14] Captain C. T. Haig,[15] Norman R. Pogson,[16] and Lieutenant John Herschel,[17] and was subsequently confirmed by French astronomer Jules Janssen.[18] Janssen is often jointly credited with detecting the element, along with Norman Lockyer. Janssen recorded the helium spectral line during the solar eclipse of 1868, while Lockyer observed it from Britain. "

This text is almost entirely wrong and needs to be rewritten. Rayet's report in no way can be interpreted to conclude that he saw a new line near the D line; see the quotation given. Haig's report is relatively vague, and the colors given do not correspond to that of the D3 line (which is yellow). Pogson's unpublished report is ambiguous and non-quantitative; he could not rule out that the line he saw was the D line itself. And Herschel concluded that the line he saw WAS the D line, not a new line. Ascribing any portion of the discovery of the line Lockyer called D3 is wishful thinking. F

Also, the following sentences should be removed: "The line was detected by French astronomer Jules Janssen during a total solar eclipse in Guntur, India.[26][27] This line was initially assumed to be sodium. " Janssen did NOT report this line in his 1868 letter to the French Academy, and the cited references (Kochhar and Emsley) do not provide compelling evidence to the contrary. For better references, which conclude that Janssen did not see this line before Lockyer, see Launay F (2008) The astronomer Jules Janssen—a globetrotter of celestial physics. Springer, New York, p 45 and Lockyer JN (1868) Spectroscopic observations of the sun—No. II. Phil Trans Roy Soc (London) 159:425–444 as well as the footnote in the Wikipedia text that begins "In his initial report to the French Academy of Sciences" — Preceding unsigned comment added by 65.141.64.252 (talk) 15:38, 9 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Helium


text: User:Kadooshka

title: User:Kadooshka


text: User:Albigensian

title: User:Albigensian


text:
User talk:Albigensian

Hello there Albigensian, welcome to the 'pedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you ever need editing help visit How does one edit a page and experiment at Sandbox. If you need pointers on how we title pages visit Naming conventions or how to format them visit our manual of style. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. Cheers! --maveric149

title: User talk:Albigensian


text: User:Darkc

title: User:Darkc


text:
User talk:Darkc

Hello there Darkc, welcome to the 'pedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you ever need editing help visit How does one edit a page and experiment at Sandbox. If you need pointers on how we title pages visit Naming conventions or how to format them visit our manual of style. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. Cheers! --maveric149

title: User talk:Darkc


text: User:Nathanjolly

title: User:Nathanjolly


text:
User talk:Nathanjolly

Hello there Nathanjolly, welcome to the 'pedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you ever need editing help visit How does one edit a page and experiment at Sandbox. If you need pointers on how we title pages visit Naming conventions or how to format them visit our manual of style. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. BTW, nice addition to the pilcrow article. Cheers! --maveric149

title: User talk:Nathanjolly


text:
User talk:Tim Starling

/Archive 1 - /Archive 2 - /Archive 3 - /Archive 4 - /Archive 5 - /Archive 6 - /Archive 7 - /Archive 8 - /Archive 9 - /Archive 10 - /Archive 11

MediaWiki update on Wikipedia
Hi Tim, I figured you'd probably the best to ask this. When is the wmf branch of mediawiki going to be updated here, addressing a few tex bugs fixed in the main branch more than 6 months ago? Thanks for a quick reply. Nageh (talk) 21:41, 26 October 2010 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure. If you have the bug number I can probably backport it and deploy it right now. -- Tim Starling (talk) 18:27, 27 October 2010 (UTC)

 * It's all in this one line (bug fix 65160 with intermediate fix 65039). Thanks, Nageh (talk) 18:47, 27 October 2010 (UTC)

 * Done. -- Tim Starling (talk) 05:36, 3 November 2010 (UTC)

 * Thanks a lot! Nageh (talk) 20:45, 6 November 2010 (UTC)

String functions
Hi, are you following (the request for string functions to be enabled)? People are wondering what your current take is on this. Thanks for any input,--Kotniski (talk) 08:00, 19 November 2010 (UTC)

Creating a Poll w/ SecurePoll
I've got SecurePoll set up correctly as far as I am aware (on an external mediawiki site). Special:SecurePoll is a valid page and shows a list of no polls (since there are none). I'm wondering if you would be able to give me an idea of how to set up a poll. Thank you very much in advance Zathman (talk) 10:08, 2 January 2011 (UTC)

Sorry for database disruption
Hi Tim, I just wanted to apologize for my script last night that caused problems with database lag. It had been running for a while without comment and I got complacent about watching for messages. It was completely my fault, and I'm sorry you had to intervene to shut it down. Thanks for all your hard work over the years and sorry again for the hassle. --CapitalR (talk) 04:20, 16 February 2011 (UTC)

National Museum of Australia
Are you anywhere near the National Museum of Australia in Canberra? I am looking for someone willing to get a photograph of this for an article. Thanks for your attention.  Sp in ni ng  Spark  20:59, 15 May 2011 (UTC)
 * Cancel that request, Graeme Bartlett has now agreed to do this.  Sp in ni ng  Spark  21:33, 16 May 2011 (UTC)

Whack
Per this. While I think enabling the function was a good idea, turning it on by default for everyone and neglecting to properly inform the community deserves a trout slap. Yoenit (talk) 14:33, 16 May 2011 (UTC)
 * Yoenit, I expect the next time you go to the bathroom, you request consensus from the community, first :p –MuZemike 14:57, 16 May 2011 (UTC)
 * In addition: Tim did exactly what he's supposed to. It was announced on Foundation-l.  This troutslap is out of place and seriously unwise.  This was a highly requested feature, and I think Tim deserves flowers and candy for it.  Heck, I'd have them delivered on snow white horses if that were available to me.  Philippe Beaudette, Wikimedia Foundation (talk) 17:36, 16 May 2011 (UTC)

I am sorry, but the "on by default setting" was definately not a request (I guess). Could the default values asap be changed to "no email"? I don't like any website that suddenly starts sending emails (and only turn it on for pedia's that I am not a regular contributor to) and have the feeling there are authorization/privacy rules (or best practices) involved... L.tak (talk) 20:14, 16 May 2011 (UTC)
 * Having the feature is fine, having it default to "on" was an extremely poor choice, and having it default to "on" without letting everyone know about it is indeed troutable. I figured out what happened when I got my first e-mail, but other editors were freaked by suddenly getting communications they never asked for. Please change the default to "off" and send around a notice letting people know that the new feature is available for their use. Beyond My Ken (talk) 01:16, 17 May 2011 (UTC)

Having it default to "on" seems the best way to let people know about it (for new users the option should be provided clearly next to the option for setting up wikimail - then for them it wouldn't matter much what the default was). But there certainly ought to be an option for disabling the messages contained prominently within the message itself (preferably a link directly to the user's preference page).--Kotniski (talk) 10:48, 17 May 2011 (UTC)
 * I am still learning how the decision making process is for this kind of things, and my comments on your page could be out of place here. Could link me to a page of the policy and the discussion on this kind of things in general and the discussion process in this particular case? Thanks! L.tak (talk) 22:14, 17 May 2011 (UTC)
 * I don't know who made the decision to turn it on for everyone, but I, too, disagree with it. Since no one else has mentioned it here, I will note that a lot of users think this might be the reason that the page load times have been so long on Wikipedia for the last few days. --Steven J. Anderson (talk) 22:59, 17 May 2011 (UTC)
 * There are a lot of links and more info, as well as discussion, on Village_pump_(technical). Nemo 19:11, 18 May 2011 (UTC)

Question about enotif
Hi tim, I had a small question. Is it possible to disable email notification for bot posts? There's a ton of bot posts that aren't really that important, and would make things a bit more manageable. Any thoughts? Theo10011 (talk) 19:06, 17 May 2011 (UTC)
 * Perhaps it could ignore posts marked as "minor", and bot posts could be marked as such. — Martin (MSGJ · talk) 11:24, 18 May 2011 (UTC)
 * They already are, see Special:ListGroupRights. Just tell your bots to mark their edits as minor if you really want people not to be notified about them. Nemo 19:11, 18 May 2011 (UTC)

Proposed Image Deletion
A deletion discussion has just been created at Category talk:Unclassified Chemical Structures, which may involve one or more orphaned chemical structures, that has you user name in the upload history. Please feel free to add your comments.  Ron h jones (Talk) 23:08, 10 June 2011 (UTC)

Account merging
Hello and sorry if you're the wrong person to contact, but I feel like I've tried everything else. I initially had 3 log-ins, Boleyn, Boleyn2 and Boleyn3, as I had read that you could only have around 8000 on each watchlist. For a year or so, I've only used User:Boleyn, but I've heard that you may be able to merge the three log-ins; this would mean that I can more easily monitor my edits and pages created, and so can others. I'd really appreciate it if you could help me, or help point me in the right direction. Thanks a lot, Boleyn (talk) 17:52, 25 June 2011 (UTC)

Rangeblock limit
As the lead sysadmin of Wikipedia's cluster, your !votes and comments on whether this proposal is feasible enough would really be appreciated.Jasper Deng (talk) 04:56, 13 July 2011 (UTC)

File:Acetaminophen small.png listed for deletion
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:Acetaminophen small.png, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you.  S ven M anguard  Wha?  04:10, 23 August 2011 (UTC)

Ping
Tim, I emailed you. Tony  (talk)  14:45, 7 October 2011 (UTC)

Mentioned
FYI: I didn't mean to do this, but now that I have mentioned you in a talk comment, I think I can exploit the situation and invite you to review what I said at User talk:Okeyes (WMF). Johnuniq (talk) 03:56, 26 October 2011 (UTC)

Occitan wp
Tim, I posted a follow-up on Midom's Occitan tak page. Please do have a look. Regards, --— J. F. B. (me´n parlar) 21:31, 23 January 2012 (UTC)

Citation templates
I have a vague recollection of something you wrote about the early days of Wikipedia, in which you questioned the wisdom (or lack of wisdom) of citation templates. Is my memory playing tricks on me? Jc3s5h (talk) 01:41, 22 February 2012 (UTC)

MSU Interview
Dear Tim Starling,

My name is Jonathan Obar user:Jaobar, I'm a professor in the College of Communication Arts and Sciences at Michigan State University and a Teaching Fellow with the Wikimedia Foundation's Education Program. This semester I've been running a little experiment at MSU, a class where we teach students about becoming Wikipedia administrators. Not a lot is known about your community, and our students (who are fascinated by wiki-culture by the way!) want to learn how you do what you do, and why you do it. A while back I proposed this idea (the class) to the communityHERE, where it was met mainly with positive feedback. Anyhow, I'd like my students to speak with a few administrators to get a sense of admin experiences, training, motivations, likes, dislikes, etc. We were wondering if you'd be interested in speaking with one of our students.

So a few things about the interviews:
 * Interviews will last between 15 and 30 minutes.
 * Interviews can be conducted over skype (preferred), IRC or email. (You choose the form of communication based upon your comfort level, time, etc.)
 * All interviews will be completely anonymous, meaning that you (real name and/or pseudonym) will never be identified in any of our materials, unless you give the interviewer permission to do so.
 * All interviews will be completely voluntary. You are under no obligation to say yes to an interview, and can say no and stop or leave the interview at any time.
 * The entire interview process is being overseen by MSU's institutional review board (ethics review). This means that all questions have been approved by the university and all students have been trained how to conduct interviews ethically and properly.

Bottom line is that we really need your help, and would really appreciate the opportunity to speak with you. If interested, please send me an email at obar@msu.edu (to maintain anonymity) and I will add your name to my offline contact list. If you feel comfortable doing so, you can post your nameHERE instead.

If you have questions or concerns at any time, feel free to email me at obar@msu.edu. I will be more than happy to speak with you.

Thanks in advance for your help. We have a lot to learn from you.

Sincerely,

Jonathan Obar --Jaobar — Preceding unsigned comment added by 35.9.115.210 (talk) 20:12, 2 March 2012 (UTC)

Happy Adminship Anniversary
Wishing Tim Starling a very happy adminship anniversary on behalf of the Wikipedia Birthday Committee! Armbrust, B.Ed. Let's talk about my edits? 03:03, 24 March 2012 (UTC)

BBPS GHS UNSW UM
I don't get it. :/ —Yutsi Talk/  Contributions  ( 偉特 ) 04:23, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

Scribunto
In case you missed it, I've partly Scribbled a whole load of our citation templates. Here's some feedback from the experience so far: Uncle G (talk) 18:06, 26 August 2012 (UTC)
 * The  is missing.  I've thought of a workaround, but I'm holding off implementing it in the hope that you can get us the table.
 * I've had to roll my own, not very good, replacement for.
 * There are some indentation oddities in the code editor. It gets the indent level wrong for an   on occasion.
 * The code editor doesn't always come up when first creating a module. The widget to turn it on is completely missing, and an ordinary edit page appears.
 * Lua needs a way for code to detect whether it is being run for the PDF generator or for a displayed page. It's not good to have the goal of eliminating nested parser calls and then have to send lots of stuff through hide in print and only in print with nested parser calls.  Another read-only variable in   somewhere would be good.
 * There's no documentation for what happens to template parameters that have things like minus signs in their names. Yes, the answer is "nothing special".  That needs to be documented, especially for the editor who is using the   form of table lookup.
 * The  function doesn't work on , because it isn't an ordinary table.  This needs to be documented, or fixed, because it's the obvious choice to use for templates that can take variable numbers of unnamed arguments, such as main; and there's no clue whatsoever in the documentation that it will fail.

Here's some more feedback: Uncle G (talk) 09:07, 28 August 2012 (UTC)
 * The  function is missing, as noted on The Pump.  Presumably you can provide a C implementation that will be more efficient than a Lua implementation.
 * Some visual clue that "Script error" is a (sort of) hyperlink would be a good idea.
 * I haven't found a way to duplicate  yet.  That's a must.  Detection of whether a page exists is used in templates as diverse as infobox country and article for deletion/dated.

Profiling
People want to know about the profiling, by the way. See the link to M. Wales' user talk page above. Uncle G (talk) 09:07, 28 August 2012 (UTC)
 * That was me (I thought it better to filter the questions through Uncle G who may have been able to provide an answer for all I knew). However, now it's mentioned here, at Jimbo's talk I asked a question in response to Uncle G's report that India, copied over to test2, had its display time reduced from 50 to 20 seconds when using Uncle G's scribbled Template:Citation. I was wondering how much of the remaining 20 seconds is Template:Citation, and whether there is a stand-out bottleneck apart from Citation. Also, is the Scribunto/Lua in use at test2 running at full speed, or is it running with some kind of debug/profiling code? What I'm getting at is that when doing anything but a trivial edit, it is common to preview several times before save, and 20 seconds (admittedly for a full and complex article) is a long time when doing that. Johnuniq (talk) 10:03, 28 August 2012 (UTC)

On the subject of profiling: It would be useful to know whether there is any significant difference between the ways that and family work and the ways that  and  work. The former call individual Lua functions, which then call common internal functions. The latter call the one functions with different arguments. Uncle G (talk) 23:23, 29 August 2012 (UTC)

Lots of data in a module
On other subjects: Uncle G (talk) 23:23, 29 August 2012 (UTC)
 * I've written a incorporating some of my experience.  I wavered between writing it here and writing it on test2:.  I decided upon test2: because that's where people are currently asking questions.
 * I was expecting to be the lorryload-of-data-in-Lua example that you could use.  It turns out that it's  (q.v.) instead.  Enjoy.  ☺

Modules are not wikitext
When I edit a module, the edit page tells me a list of "Templates used on this page" and gives me a preview. The latter is redundant, and the former is simply impossible. What the former tells me is that something somewhere is wasting time putting module code through the wikitext parser, which is pointless given that it isn't wikitext. Uncle G (talk) 09:28, 1 September 2012 (UTC)

India!
India is a featured article. In case you hadn't realized, I've been implementing and Scribbling the templates that it uses so that is — bar the obvious CSS issues because of all the missing skins and JavaScript — as close to equivalent as can be. The infoboxes and navboxes are missing some fields, and is simply erroneous, but we're close now. So you should soon be able to compare the behaviour of a large featured article with its Scribbled equivalent. Uncle G (talk) 10:24, 1 September 2012 (UTC)

Citeref
The Scribunto test cases are turning up things that seem to be Cite.php problems rather than Scribunto or template problems. See and the Technical Pump. Uncle G (talk) 10:26, 27 August 2012 (UTC)

Test2 servers
Sometimes I get "my uploads" next to "my contributions". Sometimes I don't. This tells me that not all servers in the cluster are identically configured. Uncle G (talk) 09:24, 1 September 2012 (UTC)

re: #switch limits
I noticed your message on my zh.wp talk page. I don't know if I understand it correctly, does it mean I can still use these templates (like this) until Wikidata is enabled? Or should I stop using the templates immediately?

BTW, I will let zh:User:Tianyamm2 know the problem.--Stevenliuyi (talk) 07:52, 22 September 2012 (UTC)

 * You should stop using the templates immediately. -- Tim Starling (talk) 00:40, 24 September 2012 (UTC)

10K Wikipedia and Nupedia
Kudos for the work you've done saving early WP edits from the ether. I was wondering if you've made a comparable effort to recover the saved content of Nupedia, which would also be of historic importance. I also note that the early Nupedia-l and Wikipedia-l mailing lists preserved by Wayback Machine are highly imperfect, with numerous messages unsaved. It would be a historical goldmine to find a full backup of those archives. Drop me a line on my talk page or directly by email at MutantPop@aol.com if you'd rather. best, —Tim Davenport, Corvallis, OR /// Carrite (talk) 16:33, 2 October 2012 (UTC)

Потерял пароль от учетки
Здравствуйте! Я потерял пароль от своей учетки: http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA:%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA27. Почту в настройках незадолго до этого я отключил. Можно ли вернуть мне доступ к аккаунту? Вообще потеря пароля была намеренной в связи с одним конфликтом в русской Википедии, но теперь я изменил свое решение - жаль терять учетку с таким вкладом. Заранее благодарю 90.189.106.182 (talk) 04:27, 4 October 2012 (UTC)

Quotes about MediaWiki
I'm doing research for Wikiquote, if anyone knows of interesting or pithy quotes about MediaWiki, please let me know at q:Talk:MediaWiki, it would be most appreciated! Thank you, — Cirt (talk) 17:19, 5 November 2012 (UTC)

Invitation to join the Ten Year Society
Dear Tim,

I'd like to extend a cordial invitation to you to join the Ten Year Society, an informal group for editors who've been participating in the Wikipedia project for ten years or more.

Best regards, — Hex    (❝  ?!  ❞)   02:51, 11 November 2012 (UTC).

Removing COINS metadata
Also:

Analyzing template slowdown
A few weeks ago in Wiktionary's Grease Pit, you listed off how long it was taking certain pages to render, and how much certain templates were contributing to the rendering time. How does one get this kind of data? Is there a tool somewhere that lists where the rendering time comes from? --Yair rand (talk) 21:12, 4 December 2012 (UTC)

Notice of change
Hello. You are receiving this message because of a [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_talk:Bureaucrats&oldid=528972320#2012_bureaucrats_RFC recent change] to the bureaucrat policy that alters what you were told at the time of your decratting. The effect of the change is that if you are inactive for a continuous three year period, you will be unable to request return of the bureaucrat user right. This includes inactive time prior to your decratting if you were decratted for inactivity and inactive time prior to the change in policy. Inactivity is defined as the absence of edits or logged actions. Until such time as you have been inactive for three years, you may request return of the tools at the bureaucrats' noticeboard. After you have been inactive for three years, you may seek return of the tools only through WP:RFB. Thank you.  MBisanz  talk 00:20, 4 December 2012 (UTC)

Speedy deletion nomination of File:Tim Starling.jpg

A tag has been placed on File:Tim Starling.jpg requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section F2 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because it is an image page for a missing or corrupt image or an empty image description page for a Commons-hosted image.

If you think that the page was nominated in error, contest the nomination by clicking on the button labelled "Click here to contest this speedy deletion" in the speedy deletion tag. Doing so will take you to the talk page where you can explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. You can also visit the page's talk page directly to give your reasons, but be aware that once a page is tagged for speedy deletion, it may be removed without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but do not hesitate to add information that is consistent with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Sfan00 IMG (talk) 14:55, 29 January 2013 (UTC)

Pending changes minor interface glitch
Sorry to hassle you with trivia, but I'm not ready to make a bugzilla account, so since you're active at the moment (thanks for your reply to my performance question at WP:VPT), here is something very minor I noticed a couple of hours ago.

I did an edit to the Scribunto reference manual (diff) in a section with title "frame.args". On saving, the pending changes banner displayed the expected message, but it said the following (with "%" instead of ".")
 * Return to page section named "frame%args".

The link in "frame%args" is correct (it goes to to the "frame.args" section), but it looks like there might be an escaping problem such that "." is displayed as "%".

BTW I've now done a lot of Lua coding (see Module talk:Convert), but only recently noticed how clever the module testing is, with its "preview" and debug console. Excellent stuff. Johnuniq (talk) 10:18, 19 February 2013 (UTC)

Lua cites will speed edit-preview 2x faster
Hi, Wikid77 here. After years of plans, I have confirmed the CS1 Lua-based cites will allow most major articles to format, or edit-preview, 2x faster (or more if we optimize for Lua script features). Some major articles are unaffected (which use Template:Vcite instead, or have hard-coded <ref> tags). In case you missed the Lua topics at wp:PUMPTECH, several editors have submitted corrections to the wp:CS1-format Lua-based cite templates (using Module:Citation/CS1), and we are developing a transition plan:
 * Module_talk:Citation/CS1

I understand how a quick transition might seem great, but there are over 430 parameters in the wp:CS1-format cite templates, and we want to avoid people thinking Lua was "bad" to upset the format of many footnotes. I think more people can be persuaded to go with the flow and allow a Lua-cite transition for 2 weeks, with promises to fix any unforseen format differences during future weeks. Do you think Wikipedia needs the 2x-faster edit-preview sooner? Because Lua offers so much more than just "citation formatting", I was hoping we could stretch the transition as a slower, more-comfortable pace, without associating the word "Lua" with massive upsets and chaotic changes. Reply below if any comments. -Wikid77 (talk) 23:46, 22 February 2013 (UTC)

Related: . No idea why this post was made to User talk:Jimbo Wales. --MZMcBride (talk) 10:16, 2 March 2013 (UTC)

Lua requests
Hi Tim, I noticed you've made some fixes to the Lua scripts at Module:Citation, Module:Mw, and Module:String. I just created a request page for Lua scripts at Lua requests and it'd be great if you could watchlist it to assist anyone who needs help with Lua scripts. Thanks! Dcoetzee 00:49, 24 February 2013 (UTC)

The search index update failed again this morning
There is a clear need to get the operators at WMF to take some responsibility for seeing that the index gets updated, and for notifying appropriate people when it does not. Thanks for your help earlier this week, but you shouldn't have to be contacted personally by the Wikignomes when this happens. It's time for procedures to be updated. Please talk to whoever it is who can get this problem ironed flat. Chris the speller  yack  13:28, 21 March 2013 (UTC)
 * Afraid I have to report that the search index failed to update overnight last night as well. The latest revisions I can find are about 06.00 on 20 March - so there has been one update since 13 March - and it's nearly another weekend ;-) - Arjayay (talk) 09:24, 22 March 2013 (UTC)
 * We expect things to improve now, due to https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/#/c/55796/ -- Tim Starling (talk) 00:37, 27 March 2013 (UTC)

Lifting the Gibraltar DYK restrictions
A couple of months ago, you opposed a proposal to lift the restrictions on Gibraltar-related DYKs, which were imposed in September 2012. Could you possibly clarify (1) under what conditions you would support a lifting of the restrictions, and (2) when you think it would be appropriate to lift the restrictions? Prioryman (talk) 20:06, 7 April 2013 (UTC)

File:Show preview.png missing description details
Dear uploader: The media file you uploaded as: is missing a description and/or other details on its image description page. If possible, please add this information. This will help other editors make better use of the image, and it will be more informative to readers.
 * File:Show preview.png

If the information is not provided, the image may eventually be proposed for deletion, a situation which is not desirable, and which can easily be avoided.

If you have any questions, please see Help:Image page. Thank you. Theo's Little Bot (error?) 08:38, 14 April 2013 (UTC)

Sorry
I edited in your sandbox by misstake. I reverted my edit directly after. -

Sorry
I edited in your sandbox by misstake. I reverted my edit directly after. - (t)  Josve05a  (c)  11:51, 8 December 2013 (UTC)

Old CU logs
Hi Tim. Dominic filed a bug 2,5 years ago regarding old CU logs (27807). It looks like it's finally getting fixed, but Reedy asked where he could find the logs. Dominic had them at the time, but he said he lost them or so. Apparantly Reedy doesn't know where to look and Dominic claimed you could access them back then. If you still have those logs or know where to find them, could you please send them to Reedy maybe? Or maybe even resolving the bug itself when you have time? :) Thanks in advance anyway! With regards, Trijnstel talk 16:37, 7 January 2014 (U

November 2003
Around November 2003 the YYYY-MM-DD format was accepted for use in Wikipedia articles, and described as "in accordance with ISO 8601". I believe you were involved in implementing dynamic dating for this format.

I would like to know if the editors involved in adopting this format understood that ISO 8601 requires, without exception, that dates must be in the Gregorian calendar. I also wonder if the standard also requires obtaining agreement with data exchange partners (that would be readers in the case of Wikipedia) before using the standard for years before 1583. Any recollections you might have would be appreciated.

The question arises because an editor proposes that dates in the YYYY-MM-DD format may be interpreted as either Gregorian or Julian dates, according to context, which would necessarily involve repudiation of ISO 8601. Jc3s5h (talk) 17:33, 25 January 2014 (UTC)

 * The standard says: "For the purposes of this International Standard the calendar based on these rules is referred to as the Gregorian calendar. The use of this calendar for dates preceding the introduction of the Gregorian calendar (also called the proleptic Gregorian calendar) should only be by agreement of the partners in information interchange." Since the partners in information interchange have not agreed to the use of the proleptic Gregorian calendar, it should not be used. This does indeed mean that the option labelled "ISO 8601" does not strictly refer to the date format defined in the standard, rather, it could be considered to be an extension of that standard. The date of an event in the calendar in use locally at the time of the event is useful information, and cannot be automatically derived from the proleptic Gregorian date. Practically speaking, the dynamic date feature can only format a single date string, so the only sensible way to handle the strings output by OldStyleDate etc. is to format each date separately and to allow the template to specify the calendar externally. -- Tim Starling (talk) 21:18, 25 January 2014 (UTC)

 * I was more curious as to whether the editors who implemented this format had given thought to dates in historical articles or not. A present day example would be someone decides to create a table with dates using dates formatted like 1605-11-05. Did the originators think that such a date could be understood as a Julian date (provided article was about a topic where Julian dates would be the natural choice), or did the originators think such a date would have to be Gregorian, even if most historical sources would have used Julian for the date? I think the current "Manual of Style/Dates and numbers" would disallow representing a Julian date with that format, and the date would have to be written 5 Nov 1605 if brevity were required. Jc3s5h (talk) 22:12, 25 January 2014 (UTC)

Linux compose key sequences
Hello — I noticed your recent edit to Compose key where you saved a dead external link by copying the target Web page from the Internet Archive to your own server. That's a generous and heroic solution, which also gives you a handy local copy, but I wonder, would it be better for the article to just refer to the Archive version directly using Wayback? as:

Unician ∇ 20:16, 14 August 2014 (UTC)
 * Maybe, but IA is quite slow, and has that annoying header. Before the hermit.org link went dead, I used that page often, and had it bookmarked, so I wanted a fast and reliable copy that I could continue to use. Also, IA is not indexed by the search engines, as far as I know, and I wanted to help out all Linux users, not just myself. You know, hermit.org is just the personal web site of a former software engineer who was interested in Linux just over a decade ago -- like tstarling.com except he's older than me. So I thought it made sense to pick up the torch. The old link and the new link are equivalent on the basis of WP:ELNO 11. -- Tim Starling (talk) 20:47, 14 August 2014 (UTC)
 * Thank you for picking up that torch on behalf of all us Linux users. {  I was working on the assumption that the Internet Archive had a level of redundant high-availability infrastructure to keep the link working under adverse conditions, but that may be a bad assumption; I didn't even consider that your solution may be faster.  Thanks again.  Unician ∇ 21:54, 14 August 2014 (UTC)

MfD nomination of Unprotected MediaWiki messages
Unprotected MediaWiki messages, a page you substantially contributed to, has been nominated for deletion. Your opinions on the matter are welcome; please participate in the discussion by adding your comments at Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:Unprotected MediaWiki messages and please be sure to sign your comments with four tildes ( ~ ). You are free to edit the content of Unprotected MediaWiki messages during the discussion but should not remove the miscellany for deletion template from the top of the page; such a removal will not end the deletion discussion. Thank you. — This, that and the other (talk) 06:50, 16 February 2015 (UTC)

Implementation of Bureaucrats
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If the notified user does not return to bureaucrat activity and the permissions are removed, they will need to request reinstatement at WP:RFB. Removal of access is procedural only, and not intended to reflect negatively upon the affected user in any way.

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 * Please note that any potential restoration of permissions is also subject to Bureaucrats: a former bureaucrat who has been completely inactive for three years would need to seek reinstatement at WP:RFB notwithstanding the above. –xenotalk 12:39, 6 September 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 08:51, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

#time and year-only dates
Dear colleague! The code e.g.  works fine: it returns the expected 1973-02-14. But the  returns 1972-11-30 instead of the expected 1973-00-00. I see here a problem, because not all dates of births and deaths on the Wikidata are complete, and many dates can not be complete (especially for antique persons). Can you change the #time to solve this problem? Gamliel Fishkin 19:32, 19 September 2016 (UTC)

 * No, the date parser is inside PHP and HHVM, written in C, and it's very difficult to change any details in it. It took about a year of bugging the maintainer to get him to fix a DoS vulnerability in it, even though I supplied a patch. There's not much we can do short of rewriting it in PHP. -- Tim Starling (talk) 21:19, 19 September 2016 (UTC)

WP:TIMDAY
Apparently today is your day. Thanks for your contributions, which enable all of our contributions. Chris Troutman ( talk ) 00:57, 31 October 2016 (UTC)

Two-Factor Authentication now available for admins
Hello,

Please note that TOTP based two-factor authentication is now available for all administrators. In light of the recent compromised accounts, you are encouraged to add this additional layer of security to your account. It may be enabled on your preferences page in the "User profile" tab under the "Basic information" section. For basic instructions on how to enable two-factor authentication, please see the developing help page for additional information. Important: Be sure to record the two-factor authentication key and the single use keys. If you lose your two factor authentication and do not have the keys, it's possible that your account will not be recoverable. Furthermore, you are encouraged to utilize a unique password and two-factor authentication for the email account associated with your Wikimedia account. This measure will assist in safeguarding your account from malicious password resets. Comments, questions, and concerns may be directed to the thread on the administrators' noticeboard. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 20:33, 12 November 2016 (UTC)

A new user right for New Page Patrollers
Hi.

A new user group, New Page Reviewer, has been created in a move to greatly improve the standard of new page patrolling. The user right can be granted by any admin at PERM. It is highly recommended that admins look beyond the simple numerical threshold and satisfy themselves that the candidates have the required skills of communication and an advanced knowledge of notability and deletion. Admins are automatically included in this user right.

It is anticipated that this user right will significantly reduce the work load of admins who patrol the performance of the patrollers. However,due to the complexity of the rollout, some rights may have been accorded that may later need to be withdrawn, so some help will still be needed to some extent when discovering wrongly applied deletion tags or inappropriate pages that escape the attention of less experienced reviewers, and above all, hasty and bitey tagging for maintenance. User warnings are available here but very often a friendly custom message works best.

If you have any questions about this user right, don't hesitate to join us at WT:NPR. (Sent to all admins) .MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:48, 15 November 2016 (UTC)

Are you willing to ruin your reputation? :-)
Hi!

I'm looking for somebody, who is kind of brave and can spare some small amount of time to help me in putting into practice. Would you like to help me or do you know somebody, who could do that? -- seth (talk) 21:53, 22 December 2016 (UTC)

Administrators' newsletter - February 2017
News and updates for administrators from the past month (January 2017). This first issue is being sent out to all administrators, if you wish to keep receiving it please subscribe. Your feedback is welcomed.

Administrator changes
 * Gnome-colors-list-add.svg NinjaRobotPirate • Schwede66 • K6ka • Ealdgyth • Ferret • Cyberpower678 • Mz7 • Primefac • Dodger67
 * Gnome-colors-list-remove.svg Briangotts • JeremyA • BU Rob13

Guideline and policy news
 * A discussion to workshop proposals to amend the administrator inactivity policy at Wikipedia talk:Administrators has been in process since late December 2016.
 * Pending changes/Request for Comment 2016 closed with no consensus for implementing Pending changes level 2 with new criteria for use.
 * Following an RfC, an activity requirement is now in place for bots and bot operators.

Technical news
 * When performing some administrative actions the reason field briefly gave suggestions as text was typed. This change has since been reverted so that issues with the implementation can be addressed. (T34950)
 * Following the latest RfC concluding that Pending Changes 2 should not be used on the English Wikipedia, an RfC closed with consensus to remove the options for using it from the page protection interface, a change which has now been made. (T156448)
 * The Foundation has announced a new community health initiative to combat harassment. This should bring numerous improvements to tools for admins and CheckUsers in 2017.

Arbitration
 * The Arbitration Committee released a response to the Wikimedia Foundation's statement on paid editing and outing.

Obituaries
 * JohnCD (John Cameron Deas) passed away on 30 December 2016. John began editing Wikipedia seriously during 2007 and became an administrator in November 2009.

Discuss this newsletter • Subscribe • Archive

13:38, 1 February 2017 (UTC)

Portals & Wikipedia-History
Hello Tim, by https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Portal_namespace_initialisation_script&action=history I found that you were involved concerning Portals in the early times. There must have been some consensus to start with portals I think. For de:WP I collected this in de:Kategorie:Wikipedia:Entwicklungsgeschichte von Redaktionen Portalen und Wikipediaprojekten. Please read this discussion. I think for Portals & Wikipedia-History there should be available a little more knowledge for the upcoming WP-Generations. Best --Ｔｏｍ (talk) 16:24, 20 April 2018 (UTC)

 * I think there was only a brief informal discussion prior to the creation of Portal:Cricket in May 2005, although people were familiar with the idea from German Wikipedia. Then Articles for deletion/Cricket (portal) and Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Portal:Cricket followed, the second in particular makes it clear that it was the first proper examination of the concept on en.wp. An hour after the closure of the AfD, the discussion was started to create a separate namespace, now at Portal namespace (setting-up debate). I ran the initialisation script in response to the conclusion of that debate in August. -- Tim Starling (talk) 08:15, 22 April 2018 (UTC)

 * Heavy thx + wow wish I had the same excellent memory as you seem to have it. You probably suspect why I ask for it? It's because "There is no expiration date for consensus" and Portal:Contents is a central point of wikipedia ... hm. Nobody seems to care about it, because the knowledge has been lost. (It's nearly the same in Germany) . It should be mentioned in Wikipedia:Village pump (proposals)/RfC: Ending the system of portals and who else could do that better? Have a nice day & thx again. --Ｔｏｍ (talk) 09:03, 22 April 2018 (UTC)

Request to change Username
Hi user:Tim Starling am kindly requesting if you can help me change my user name to user:Mashi8563 this is because I only intended to use this user name to make minor Wikipedia edits back in 2016. But I have found Wikipedia to be a great platform to contribute to and too often I edit here and now want my name to be anonymously. However I would love to have my previous contributions on user:Joseph Kalimbwe to remain as is.

Best regards Joseph Kalimbwe (talk) 08:07, 29 July 2018 (UTC)

 * Use Special:GlobalRenameRequest. -- Tim Starling (talk) 10:01, 29 July 2018 (UTC)

Thank you!
Dear Tim, thank you very much for your work and impulses to become a Wikipedia, we use today! I celebrate your day. Regards, Conny (talk) 19:08, 31 October 2018 (UTC).

random walk monte carlo
may I call your attention to this topic? Ppong.it (talk) 14:00, 26 December 2018 (UTC)

ArbCom 2019 special circular

This message was sent to all administrators following a recent motion. Thank you for your attention. For the Arbitration Committee, Cameron11598 02:14, 4 May 2019 (UTC)

Administrator account security (Correction to Arbcom 2019 special circular)
ArbCom would like to apologise and correct our previous mass message in light of the response from the community.

Since November 2018, six administrator accounts have been compromised and temporarily desysopped. In an effort to help improve account security, our intention was to remind administrators of existing policies on account security — that they are required to "have strong passwords and follow appropriate personal security practices." We have updated our procedures to ensure that we enforce these policies more strictly in the future. The policies themselves have not changed. In particular, two-factor authentication remains an optional means of adding extra security to your account. The choice not to enable 2FA will not be considered when deciding to restore sysop privileges to administrator accounts that were compromised.

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For the Arbitration Committee, -Cameron11598 21:04, 4 May 2019 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of File:Tim Starling non-residence.png

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Article creation by unregistered users
Hello! I've commented on this article: Wikipedia talk:Wikipedia Signpost/2005-12-05/Page creation restrictions. It is about a technical solution you suggested, many years ago, on the English Wikipedia, and that is being considered on the Portuguese Wikipedia too.

Can you please help me there?--MisterSanderson (talk) 16:16, 4 July 2019 (UTC)

 * If you want that feature, you should file a request in Phabricator. -- Tim Starling (talk) 04:46, 5 July 2019 (UTC)
 * I'm more interested in seeing the consequences, first.--MisterSanderson (talk) 11:46, 5 July 2019 (UTC)

Old Wikipedia backup
I was interested in acquiring a copy of the Wikipedia backup described in this mailing list post, but the link to the archive (http://noc.wikimedia.org/~tstarling/wikipedia-logs-2001-08-17.7z) is unfortunately dead. I'm sure I could find it on the web if I looked hard enough, but I was wondering if you (or a talk page watcher) could direct me to a convenient place to obtain this (or perhaps it could be restored to that URL's current destination). Retro ( talk  |  contribs ) 02:15, 19 July 2019 (UTC)
 * Never mind, I found it: https://dumps.wikimedia.org/archive/2001/2001-08-17/, along with the corresponding Phabricator task. It still might be nice if those old links were retargeted to the current dump location. Retro  ( talk  |  contribs ) 17:58, 19 July 2019 (UTC)

Notice
There is currently a discussion at Administrators' noticeboard regarding an issue with which you may have been involved. The thread is Chris.Sherlock/Letsbefiends unblock request. TonyBallioni (talk) 01:10, 9 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Sorry for the template... I suspect you know how people can be on AN. Anyway, best. TonyBallioni (talk) 01:11, 9 September 2019 (UTC)

Nomination of Places in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Places in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Places in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. TTN (talk) 13:46, 23 October 2019 (UTC)

Today's Wikipedian 10 years ago
--Gerda Arendt (talk) 07:48, 28 October 2019 (UTC)

Posible parameter change with adverse effects
Editing of "large" files has relatively recently become problematic. The message I've gotten says:
 * If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.
 * Request from 72.251.71.195 via cp1087 frontend, Varnish XID 752147959 Error: 503, Backend fetch failed at Thu, 21 Nov 2019 19:52:29 GMT
 * One "workaround" became an F.P.Brooks-style "tossing the cow over the fence" (not sure if that's the exact quote re IBM 360 developers), with the result being:
 * "==Wikipedia:Wikimedia_Foundation_error WORKAROUND Hxc2, Hx3 @ CP/M==" at the Help Desk, involving editing CP/M. Pi314m (talk) 20:25, 21 November 2019 (UTC)

Good luck
 豊かな十年へようこそ/WELCOME TO THE D20s Miraclepine wishes you a Merry Christmas, a Happy New Year, and a prosperous decade of change and fortune. このミラPはTim Starlingたちのメリークリスマスも新年も変革と幸運の豊かな十年をおめでとうございます！ フレフレ、みんなの未来！/GOOD LUCK WITH YOUR FUTURE! ミラP 04:41, 25 December 2019 (UTC)

A message from Panda Panda Panda Panda Panda Panda Panda
Hello! I was devloping a parser functions extension and I wanted to add all useful functions that can be found. I came across your extension's information page and found your extension's functions very useful that I wanted to add them into my extension and invite you into the development team. Will you accept my humble request?--Panda Panda Panda Panda Panda Panda Panda (talk) 08:59, 8 December 2020 (UTC)

Administrators will no longer be autopatrolled
A recently closed Request for Comment (RFC) reached consensus to remove Autopatrolled from the administrator user group. You may, similarly as with Edit Filter Manager, choose to self-assign this permission to yourself. This will be implemented the week of December 13th, but if you wish to self-assign you may do so now. To find out when the change has gone live or if you have any questions please visit the Administrator's Noticeboard. 20:07, 7 December 2021 (UTC)

How we will see unregistered users
Hi!

You get this message because you are an admin on a Wikimedia wiki.

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Thank you. /Johan (WMF)

18:12, 4 January 2022 (UTC)

New administrator activity requirement
22:53, 15 April 2022 (UTC)

Pending suspension of administrative permissions due to inactivity
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Imminent suspension of administrative permissions due to inactivity
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"Isaac Newton/Authoring Principia" listed at Redirects for discussion
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 Hello! Voting in the 2023 Arbitration Committee elections is now open until 23:59 (UTC) on. All eligible users are allowed to vote. Users with alternate accounts may only vote once.

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title: User talk:Tim Starling


text:
The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser

The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser (Jeder für sich und Gott gegen alle; lit. Every Man for Himself and God Against All) is a 1974 West German drama film written and directed by Werner Herzog and starring Bruno S. and Walter Ladengast. The film closely follows the real story of foundling Kaspar Hauser, using the text of actual letters found with Hauser.

Plot
The film follows Kaspar Hauser, who has lived the first seventeen years of his life chained in a tiny cellar with only a toy horse to occupy his time, devoid of all human contact except for a man, wearing a black overcoat and top hat, who fed him.

One day, in 1828, the same man takes Hauser out of his cell, teaches him a few phrases, and how to walk, before leaving him in the town of Nuremberg. Hauser becomes the subject of much curiosity, and is exhibited in a circus before being rescued by Professor Georg Friedrich Daumer, who patiently attempts to transform him.

Hauser soon learns to read and write, and develops unorthodox approaches to logic and religion; but music is what pleases him most. He attracts the attention of academics, clergy and nobility. He is then physically attacked by the same unknown man who brought him to Nuremberg. The attack leaves him unconscious with a bleeding head. He recovers, but is again mysteriously attacked; this time, stabbed in the chest.

Hauser rests in bed describing visions he has had of nomadic Berbers in the Sahara, and then dies. An autopsy reveals an enlarged liver and cerebellum.

Cast
The casting and character names are based on the submission to the Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Sciences:

 * Bruno S. as Kaspar Hauser
 * Walter Ladengast as Professor Georg Friedrich Daumer
 * Brigitte Mira as Frau Käthe, housekeeper for Professor Daumer
 * Reinhard Hauff as a farmer
 * Herbert Fritsch as the Mayor
 * Florian Fricke as M. Florian, the blind pianist
 * Henry van Lyck as the Cavalry Captain
 * Willy Semmelrogge as the Circus Director
 * Michael Kroecher as Lord Stanhope
 * Hans Musäus as an unknown man
 * Volker Prechtel as Hiltel, the prison guard
 * Gloria Doer as Frau Hiltel
 * Marcus Weller as Julius, the son of Hiltel
 * Herbert Achternbusch as the Bavarian chicken hypnotizer
 * Wolfgang Bauer as a farmboy
 * Wilhelm Bayer as the taunting farmboy
 * Franz Brumbach as the bear trainer
 * Johannes Buzalski as the Police Inspector
 * Helmut Döring as the Little King
 * Enno Patalas as Pastor Fuhrmann
 * Clemens Scheitz as the Scribe
 * Alfred Edel (actor) as the professor of logic
 * Andi Gottwald as the young Mozart
 * Kidlat Tahimik as Hombrecito

Writing
Herzog has been quoted as saying that the title for the film (Jeder für sich und Gott gegen alle) was inspired by a sentence in the novel Macunaíma by Brazilian writer Mário de Andrade.

The film follows the real story of Kaspar Hauser quite closely, using the text of actual letters found with Hauser, and following many details in the opening sequence of Hauser's confinement and release. The characters of Professor Daumer and of Lord Stanhope are also based on historical figures, Georg Friedrich Daumer and Philip Henry Stanhope, 4th Earl Stanhope, respectively.

An English-language translation of the screenplay was published in 1980 by Tanam Press.

Casting and crew
Herzog discovered the lead actor, Bruno Schleinstein, in a documentary about street musicians Bruno der Schwarze, es blies ein Jäger wohl in sein Horn (lit. Bruno the Black One, A Hunter Blows his Horn). Fascinated, Herzog cast him as the lead for The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser despite the fact that he had no training as an actor. Further, the historical Hauser was 17 when he was discovered in Nuremberg and the film implies this. Schleinstein was 41 years old at the time of filming, although his character is treated and described throughout as a youth. Schleinstein's own life bore some similarities to Kaspar Hauser's, and his own unbalanced personality was often expressed on set. In Herzog's commentary for the English language DVD release, he recalls that Schleinstein remained in costume for the entire duration of the production, even after shooting was done for the day. Herzog once visited him in his hotel room, to find him sleeping on the floor by the door, in his costume. Schleinstein was credited only as "Bruno S." in the film. Herzog subsequently wrote Schleinstein into the screenplay for a second film, Stroszek (1977).

The production designer for the film was Henning von Gierke; the costume designers were Ann Poppel and Gisela Storch.

Filming locations
The outdoor scenes were filmed in the town of Dinkelsbühl and on a nearby mountain called Hesselberg.
 * Croagh Patrick, Westport, Mayo, Ireland (archive footage)
 * Dinkelsbühl, Bavaria, West Germany
 * Western Sahara

Music
The music includes pieces by a number of notable composers:
 * Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart – "Dies Bildnis ist bezaubernd schön" (1791) (from the opera "Die Zauberflöte") – sung by Heinrich Knote (1911)
 * Johann Pachelbel – Canon in D Major (1700)
 * Orlando di Lasso – Requiem à 5
 * Tomaso Albinoni – Adagio – arrangement: Remo Giazotto (ca 1945)

Critical response
In 2005, critic Walter Chaw summed up the film as "a strange, brave performance housed in an anti-linear film stuffed with obscure images and silent passages of profound, frightening insight", adding "That the director identifies so deeply with a foundling in 19th century Germany who appeared in the middle of a town square having spent his whole life chained to a floor in a basement dungeon speaks volumes to Herzog's feeling of detachment in intellectual, artistic, and social environments." In 2007, the critic Roger Ebert wrote a retrospective review of the film, which he had included in his list of "Great Movies", saying "In Herzog the line between fact and fiction is a shifting one. He cares not for accuracy but for effect, for a transcendent ecstasy."

Writing in 2001, Maria Racheva said ".. Herzog, the director, unlike François Truffaut in The Wild Child, is not interested in showing the painful process of adaptation to civilized surroundings; Kaspar has a special consciousness in which the laws of nature have a central place and in which the conventions and norms of civilized behavior are as artificial and inconvenient to him as the black dinner jacket he is forced to wear. His difficulties in communication are not the result of any linguistic inadequacies; simply, he is "different" from other men. That is why Herzog seems to wish to persuade us that, despite being gratuitous, both the early isolation and the surprising death of his hero are somehow logical. ... This summary of plot sounds like a fairy tale—and it is. Most of Herzog's films recall fables, and that is surely one of the reasons for their success."

On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a 95% score based on 21 reviews, with an average rating of 8.3/10.

In 2017 David Fear and Peter Travers, in Rolling Stone magazine, said: "Based on the true story of a young man who spent the first 17 years of his life never leaving his tiny room – and then became a public sensation when he finally ventured out into society – Herzog's cracked biopic would have felt offbeat and intriguing enough on its own. Still, the director thought he'd make things even more interesting by casting a 41-year-old street musician credited as "Bruno S." who had spent decades in and out of mental institutions and had never acted before. The result is one of the more odd and affecting performances in Herzog's movies – part guileless, part gimmicky and all genuinely WTF. A bold experiment that paid off in a big way."

Accolades
The film was invited for the 1975 Cannes Film Festival. It won the Grand Prix Spécial du Jury, which is the second prize for films "in competition" at the festival; the first is the Palme d'Or. In addition, it won the FIPRESCI Prize and the Prize of the Ecumenical Jury. The film won two German Film Awards: to Beate Mainka-Jellinghaus for editing, and to Henning von Gierke for scene design. Herzog won the second prize (Filmband in Silber) in the category "Feature Film Direction" (programmfüllender Spielfilm (Gestaltung)), which came with a substantial cash prize. The film was selected as the West German entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 48th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nomination.

Home media
The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser was released to region 1 DVD in 2002. The film is included in a Blu-ray (region-A) collection of Herzog's films that was published in the US in 2014. It was also included in a region-B collection published in the United Kingdom in 2014. It had been released in 1993 as a VHS tape with the English language title The Mystery of Kaspar Hauser.

title: The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser