text:
Riverside, California

Riverside is a city in and the county seat of Riverside County, California, United States, in the Inland Empire metropolitan area. It is named for its location beside the Santa Ana River. It is the most populous city in the Inland Empire and in Riverside County, and is about 50 mi southeast of downtown Los Angeles. It is also part of the Greater Los Angeles area. Riverside is the 59th-most-populous city in the United States and the 12th-most-populous city in California. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 314,998. Along with San Bernardino, Riverside is a principal city in the nation's 13th-largest Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA); the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario MSA (pop. 4,599,839) ranks in population just below San Francisco (4,749,008) and above Detroit (4,392,041).

Riverside was founded in the early 1870s. It is the birthplace of the California citrus industry and home of the Mission Inn, the nation's largest Mission Revival Style building. It is also home to the Riverside National Cemetery and the Eastern Division of the Federal District Court for the Central District of California.

The University of California, Riverside, is in the northeastern part of the city. The university hosts the Riverside Sports Complex. Other attractions in Riverside include the Fox Performing Arts Center, Museum of Riverside, which houses exhibits and artifacts of local history, the California Museum of Photography, the California Citrus State Historic Park, Castle Park, and the Parent Washington Navel Orange Tree, the last of California's two original navel orange trees.

History
In the late 18th century and the early 19th century, the area was inhabited by Cahuilla and the Serrano people. Californios such as Bernardo Yorba and Juan Bandini established ranches during the first half of the 19th century.

In the 1860s, Louis Prevost launched the California Silk Center Association, a short-lived experiment in sericulture. In the wake of its failure, John W. North purchased some of its land and formed the Southern California Colony Association to promote the area's development. In March 1870, North distributed posters announcing the formation of a colony in California. North, a staunch temperance-minded abolitionist from New York State, had formerly founded Northfield, Minnesota. Riverside was temperance-minded, and Republican. There were four saloons in Riverside when it was founded. The license fees were raised until the saloons moved out of Riverside. Investors from England and Canada transplanted traditions and activities adopted by prosperous citizens. As a result, the first golf course and polo field in southern California were built in Riverside.

The first orange trees were planted in 1871, with the citrus industry Riverside is famous for beginning three years later (1874) when Eliza Tibbets received three Brazilian navel orange trees sent to her by a personal friend, William Saunders, a horticulturist at the United States Department of Agriculture in Washington, D.C. The trees came from Bahia, Brazil. The Bahia orange did not thrive in Florida, but its success in southern California was phenomenal. The three trees were planted on the Tibbets' property. One of them died after it was trampled by a cow during the first year it was planted. After the trampling, the two remaining trees were transplanted to property belonging to Sam McCoy to receive better care than L.C. Tibbets, Eliza's husband, could provide. Later, the trees were again transplanted, one at the Mission Inn property in 1903 by President Theodore Roosevelt (this tree died in 1922), and the other at the intersection of Magnolia and Arlington avenues. Eliza Tibbets was honored with a stone marker placed with the last tree. That tree still stands to this day inside a protective fence abutting what is now a major intersection.

The trees thrived in the southern California climate and the navel orange industry grew rapidly. Many growers purchased bud wood and then grafted the cuttings to root stock. Within a few years, the successful cultivation of many thousands of the newly discovered Brazilian navel orange trees led to a California Gold Rush of a different kind: the establishment of the citrus industry, which is commemorated in the landscapes and exhibits of the California Citrus State Historic Park and the restored packing houses in the downtown's Marketplace district. By 1882, there were more than half a million citrus trees in California, almost half of which were in Riverside. The development of refrigerated railroad cars and innovative irrigation systems established Riverside as the richest city in the United States (in terms of income per capita) by 1895.

Geography
Riverside is the 61st-largest city in the United States, the 12th-largest city in California, and the largest city in California's Inland Empire metro area. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 81.4 sqmi, of which 81.1 sqmi is land and 0.3 sqmi (0.37%) is water. The elevation of downtown Riverside is 860 ft. Hills within the city limits include Mount Rubidoux, a city landmark and tourist attraction. Riverside is surrounded by small and large mountains, some of which get a dusting of winter snow. Many residents also enjoy the many beaches of Southern California. Riverside is about a 47 mi drive to the Pacific Ocean and is close to Orange County and Los Angeles County.

Landmarks

Riverside is home to the historic Mission Inn, the Beaux-Arts style Riverside County Historic Courthouse (based on the Petit Palais in Paris, France), and the Riverside Fox Theater, where the first showing of the 1939 film Gone with the Wind took place. The theater was purchased by the city and refurbished as part of the Riverside Renaissance Initiative. The Fox Theater underwent extensive renovation and restoration, which was completed in 2009, to turn the old cinema into a performing arts theater. The building was expanded to hold 1,600 seats and the stage was enlarged to accommodate Broadway-style performances. In January 2010, singer Sheryl Crow opened the newly remodeled Fox Theater in a nearly sold-out show.

Riverside is the home of the "World's Largest Paper Cup" (actually made of concrete), which is over three stories (68.10 ft ) tall. The "Dixie Cup" landmark is on Iowa Street just north of Palmyrita, in front of what was once the Dixie Corporation's manufacturing plant (now closed down).

Three notable hills are in Riverside's scenic landscape: Box Springs Mountain, Evans (Jurupa) Hill and Tecolote Hill; all of which are preserved open spaces. South of Riverside is Lake Mathews. There is also the well-known landmark/foothill Mount Rubidoux, which is next to the Santa Ana River and one of the most noticeable landmarks in the downtown area. This foothill is the dividing line between the town of Rubidoux and the city of Riverside.

March Joint Air Reserve Base borders Riverside on the east serving as a divider between the city and Moreno Valley. March ARB, founded in 1918, is the oldest operating Air Force base west of the Mississippi River.

At the entrance to Riverside from the 60 freeway sits Fairmount Park. This extensive urban oasis was designed by the firm founded by Frederick Law Olmsted, which had designed New York's Central Park. It includes a stocked pond that is home to many species of birds. On nearby private land is the former site of Spring Rancheria, a Cahuilla village.

Neighborhoods
The city of Riverside has 28 designated "neighborhoods" within the city limits. These include Airport, Alessandro Heights, Arlanza, Arlington, Arlington Heights, Arlington South, Canyon Crest, Casa Blanca, Downtown, Eastside, Grand, Hawarden Hills, Hillside Hunter Industrial Park, La Sierra, La Sierra Acres, La Sierra Hills, La Sierra South, Magnolia Center, Mission Grove, Northside, Orangecrest, Presidential Park, Ramona, Sycamore Canyon Park, Sycamore Canyon Springs, University, Victoria and Wood Streets.

East of downtown is the originally named "Eastside". which grew out of a colonia inhabited by Mexican immigrant workers in the orange groves, other orchards and produce fields. The area these people lived in was originally a settlement called La Placita that predated the city, being founded in 1843. Mexican communities were also formed in the barrio of Casa Blanca during the early 20th century.

Annexations
The city council has proposed many annexations of nearby unincorporated communities that would increase Riverside's population and land area significantly. Most notable is the Lake Hills/Victoria Grove area, which would extend the city's southwestern borders to Lake Mathews.

Current proposals

 * 97 Berry Road
 * 103 Barton/Gem
 * 104 I-215 Corridor
 * 105 Sycamore/Central
 * 106 East Blaine
 * 107 Alta Cresta Remainder
 * 108 Lake Hills/Victoria Grove
 * 111 University City
 * 112 Kaliber
 * 113 Barton/Station

Potential annexations

 * A Center Street
 * B Highgrove
 * C Spring Mountain Ranch (92)
 * D Canyon Ridge
 * E Woodcrest
 * F Gateway

Features
Riverside is home to the University of California, Riverside. The UCR Botanical Gardens contains 40 acre of unusual plants, with 4 mi of walking trails. The city prides itself on its historic connection to the navel orange, which was introduced to North America from Brazil in 1874. Riverside is home to the one surviving Parent Navel Orange Tree, from which all American West Coast navel orange trees are descended.

There are three hospitals in Riverside.
 * Riverside Community Hospital is a General Acute Care Hospital with Basic Emergency Services and a Level I Trauma Center as of 2020.
 * Parkview Community Hospital Medical Center is a General Acute Care Hospital with Basic Emergency Services as of 2006.
 * Kaiser Foundation Hospital – Riverside is a General Acute Care Hospital with Basic Emergency Services as of 2006.

Riverside is also home to the Riverside Public Library system. Branches include: Arlanza, Arlington, La Sierra, Marcy, Main, Orange Terrace, Eastside Cybrary, and Casa Blanca.

Convention facilities are available at several locations. The Riverside Convention Center, remodeled in 2014, offers 66000 sqft indoors and 14000 sqft of outdoor space. Also available is the Riverside Marriott with 14000 sqft indoors, and the Mission Inn with 15000 sqft indoors and 5000 sqft outdoors. All three facilities are located within walking distance of one another in downtown Riverside. Meetings with an academic focus are also held at the University of California, Riverside.

Cemeteries
Cemeteries in Riverside include:
 * Crestlawn Memorial Park; notable burials include Medal of Honor recipient George Alan Ingalls, baseball player Mike Darr, actor Roland Harrah III, and actor Darwood Kaye.
 * Evergreen Cemetery; notable burials include Marcella Craft, Frank Augustus Miller, John W. North, Eliza Tibbets, and Al Wilson.
 * Olivewood Memorial Park; notable burials include Medal of Honor recipient Jesus S. Duran, Travis Alexander, Dorothy Burgess, Mayor Ben H. Lewis, Del Lord, Gloria Ramirez, and Eric Show.
 * Riverside National Cemetery, established in 1976, is the largest cemetery managed by the National Cemetery Administration, and since 2000 has been the most active in the system based on the number of interments.
 * Sherman Indian High School Cemetery, Home Gardens

Climate
Riverside experiences a semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSh) bordering on an arid climate (Köppen climate classification BWh) with hot, dry summers and mild, relatively wet winters. Normal monthly mean temperatures range from 54.8 °F in December to 79.8 °F in August. On average, temperatures reach the freezing mark and 100 °F on 3.5 and 21.6 days annually, respectively. Record temperatures range from 18 °F on January 15, 1911, up to 118 °F on July 17, 1925, June 16, 1917, and July 6, 2018. On average, Riverside receives 9.39 in of precipitation annually, with measurable precipitation occurring on 35 days, with almost all of it between November and April, with February the wettest month. The wettest “rain year” was from July 1940 to June 1941 with 22.72 in and the driest from July 1960 to June 1961 with only 2.79 in.

Environment
The Riverside area faces issues of smog and above-average levels of air pollution. In a comparison by the National Campaign Against Dirty Air Power (2003), the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario area was found to be one of the most polluted regions based on year-round particle measurements when compared to other U.S. cities. The city made efforts to reduce pollution by incorporating additional means of mass transit (Metrolink) and equipping its entire fleet of buses with natural gas. Smog decreased considerably over the next few years as local municipalities and counties worked with the South Coast Air Quality Management District to implement measures to improve regional air quality. In 2020, the American Lung Association rated Riverside County one of the nation's worst counties for smog. Most of Riverside's smog problems are the result of the prevailing wind patterns that blow the smog from the Los Angeles Basin and particulates generated by southern California's multitude of vehicles, and the Port of Los Angeles and Port of Long Beach into the Inland Empire.

2010
The 2010 census reported that Riverside had a population of 303,871. The population density was 3,731.0 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Riverside was
 * 171,669 (56.5%) White,
 * 21,421 (7.0%) African American,
 * 3,467 (1.1%) Native American,
 * 22,566 (7.4%) Asian (1.7% Filipino, 1.6% Chinese, 1.1% Korean, 1.0% Vietnamese, 1.0% Indonesian, 0.1% Japanese, 0.1% Pakistani),
 * 1,219 (0.4%) Pacific Islander,
 * 68,111 (22.4%) from other races, and 15,418 (5.1%) from two or more races.
 * Hispanic or Latino of any race were 148,953 persons (49.0%);

41.8% of Riverside's population is Mexican, 1.1% Guatemalan, 1.0% Salvadoran, 0.7% Puerto Rican, 0.3% Cuban, 0.2% Nicaraguan, and 0.2% Colombian. Non-Hispanic Whites were 34.0% of the population in 2010, down from 82.1% in 1970.

The Census reported that 292,322 people (96.2% of the population) lived in households, 8,925 (2.9%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 2,624 (0.9%) were institutionalized.

There were 91,932 households, out of which 38,939 (42.4%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 45,398 (49.4%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 13,845 (15.1%) had a female householder with no husband present, 6,372 (6.9%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 6,392 (7.0%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 746 (0.8%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 18,284 households (19.9%) were made up of individuals, and 6,262 (6.8%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.18. There were 65,615 families (71.4% of all households); the average family size was 3.67.

The population was spread out, with 81,406 people (26.8%) under the age of 18, 47,126 people (15.5%) aged 18 to 24, 82,482 people (27.1%) aged 25 to 44, 66,615 people (21.9%) aged 45 to 64, and 26,242 people (8.6%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.4 males.

There were 98,444 housing units at an average density of 1,208.7 /mi2, of which 51,185 (55.7%) were owner-occupied, and 40,747 (44.3%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.4%; the rental vacancy rate was 7.4%. 168,888 people (55.6% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 123,434 people (40.6%) lived in rental housing units.

According to the 2010 United States Census, Riverside had a median household income of $56,403, with 17.5% of the population living below the federal poverty line.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 255,166 people, 82,005 households, and 58,141 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,261.5 /km2. There were 85,974 housing units at an average density of 425.0 /km2. The racial makeup of the city was 59.3% White, 7.4% African American, 1.1% Native American, 5.68% Asian, 0.4% Pacific Islander, 21.0% from other races, and 5.1% from two or more races. 38.1% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 82,005 households, out of which 39.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.3% were married couples living together, 14.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.1% were non-families. 21.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.02 and the average family size was 3.54.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 30.1% under the age of 18, 12.9% from 18 to 24, 30.0% from 25 to 44, 18.0% from 45 to 64, and 9.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $41,646, and the median income for a family was $47,254. Males had a median income of $36,920 versus $28,328 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,882. 15.8% of the population and 11.7% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 18.9% of those under the age of 18 and 8.0% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.

Religion

Riverside is largely Christian and is home to Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, Protestant, and Universalist Unitarian churches, an Islamic mosque, Jewish synagogue, Hindu temple, and several Buddhist temples. Riverside is also home to the Inland Empire Atheists and Agnostics organization.

The city has a large population of Seventh-day Adventists, due to the presence of La Sierra University and proximity to Loma Linda near San Bernardino.

There is also a large Mormon population, as well as in the San Bernardino area, as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has missions in Riverside and Redlands near their temple.

Several religious celebrations take place on top of the city's Mount Rubidoux. One is an annual Easter Sunrise service, which is the nation's oldest continual non-denominational outdoor Easter service The 100th anniversary of the event was held April 12, 2009. Each December, a 2½-mile (4 km) procession from Our Lady of Guadalupe Shrine to the top of Mount Rubidoux promotes awareness of Juan Diego's walk up Tepeyac hill, in 1531, where he reportedly saw a Marian apparition known as Our Lady of Guadalupe.

In 2012, a controversy erupted regarding the cross atop Mount Rubidoux, which was on city-owned land and maintained by the city. Due to constitutional issues regarding separation of church and state, the Riverside City Council sold the cross and the land under it (0.43 acres; 1740.15 sq m) to a private entity for $10,500.

Economy
Riverside's economy consists largely of light-industry and generates a range of products including aircraft components, automotive parts, gas cylinders, electronic equipment, food products, and medical devices. Supporting the manufacturing sector are several industrial parks, including those in the Hunter Industrial Park, Sycamore Canyon Industrial Park and Airport Industrial Areas. As the county seat of Riverside County and the most populous city in the Inland Empire, Riverside also houses several legal, accounting, engineering, and banking firms. Citrus production and packing houses still exist within the city, but the industry is in decline.

American electronics company Bourns is among the companies based in Riverside.

Citrus is in decline in many areas of the Inland Empire where urbanization and water scarcity have made the industry uneconomic.

According to the city's 2018 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are:
 * Top employers

Retail
Retail shopping centers include the open-air Riverside Plaza, and the Galleria at Tyler mall. The Main Street Pedestrian Mall in downtown is the site of several unique shops.

Museums

 * California Citrus State Historic Park Museum
 * The Cheech Marin Center for Chicano Art, Culture & Industry
 * Entomology Research Museum at the University of California, Riverside (not open to the public).
 * March Field Air Museum
 * Mission Inn Museum
 * Riverside Art Museum
 * Museum of Riverside
 * Tio's Tacos, housing outdoor folk art
 * Sherman Indian Museum at the Sherman Indian High School
 * Sweeney Art Gallery, an extension of the University of California, Riverside
 * The Stahl Center Museum of Culture at the La Sierra University
 * University of California, Riverside California Museum of Photography
 * World Museum of Natural History at the La Sierra University
 * Southern California Railway Museum

Festivals and events
Several festivals occur throughout the year in Riverside, many focused on the downtown area.

Each year in February The Riverside Dickens Festival is held to "enhance a sense of community among citizens of Riverside County and Southern California by creating a series of literary events and to provide educational, family-oriented, literary entertainment and activities such as plays, musical performances, pageants, living history presentations, workshops, lectures, classroom study, exhibits and a street bazaar with free entertainment, vendors and costumed characters."

The Riverside Airshow takes place in March at the Riverside Municipal Airport. The event attracts around 70,000 people and includes aerial performers, over 200 acre of aircraft displays, a car show and military vehicle display, children's activities, food and refreshments, helicopter displays and community group exhibits.

The March Field Airfest, also known as Thunder Over the Empire, is a biennial air show held at March Air Reserve Base. The air show is among the largest events in the Inland Empire and Riverside County. The show has featured such performers as the United States Air Force Thunderbirds, the Air Combat Command demonstrations teams and many other military and civilian demonstrations. 2010 saw the Patriots Jet Team as the highlight demonstration team of the show. Attendance for the 2010 show was estimated at over 150,000.

The Riverside International Film Festival (RIFF) takes place in April and features films from around the world. Sponsored by the city of Riverside, local universities, and many businesses, past festivals have featured over 175 films.

Old Riverside Foundation, a local nonprofit focused on historic preservation of the built environment, hosts an annual Vintage Home Tour in May that showcases private historic homes, open to the public for one day only.

In October, the California Riverside Ballet sponsors the Ghost Walk, which in 2013 celebrated its 22nd year. The event is a walk around some of the city's oldest and most historic buildings, with volunteers leading tours and telling ghost stories.

The Riverside Festival of Lights centers around The Mission Inn Hotel & Spa, located downtown. Decoration of the Inn begins in October and a lighting ceremony that includes speakers, fireworks, and live musicians takes place the day after Thanksgiving Day. Carolers, horse-drawn carriage rides, and ice skating all color the festival. Restaurants, cafes, and community groups all contribute to the festival. The festival runs through New Year's Day.

Also during the week of Thanksgiving, the Festival of Trees is held at the Riverside Convention Center. Held since 1990, the event seeks to raise money for the Riverside County Regional Medical Center children's units including the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, the Child Abuse and Neglect Unit, and the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Attracting 25,000 people per year, the event has raised over $5 million since its inception. At the Festival of Trees, many professionally decorated Christmas trees are judged, auctioned, and then displayed for public viewing.

Local government
Riverside is a charter city governed by a mayor and city council. The mayor is elected in a citywide election. The city council has seven members, each elected from single member wards. A city manager is responsible for ongoing city services.

In Riverside's Comprehensive Annual Financial Report for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013, the city's government accounts were reported to have $244 million in revenues and $365 million in expenditures, with the deficiency made up by the issuance of long-term debt and transfers from the city-owned utilities (including electric and water). The report also indicates that over the prior nine years, the number of city employees increased by 23.6% to 2,686 FTE, outpacing the 12.5% increase in the number of residents.

Federal and state representation
Under the electoral maps drawn by the Citizens' Redistricting Commission, which were first used in the 2022 elections and will remain in effect through at least 2030, Riverside's state and federal legislative districts have changed substantially.

In the California State Legislature, the City of Riverside is in. In the California State Assembly, it is split between the 58th Assembly District, represented by Democrat Sabrina Cervantes and the 63rd Assembly District, represented by Republican Bill Essayli.

In the United States House of Representatives, Riverside is represented by Democrat Mark Takano in the 39th Congressional District. In the United States Senate, California is represented by Democrats Laphonza Butler and Alex Padilla.

Courts

 * Federal
 * United States District Court, Central District of California, Eastern Division
 * United States Bankruptcy Court, 9th Circuit Bankruptcy Appellate Panel
 * United States Bankruptcy Court, Central District of California

 * State
 * California Court of Appeal, Fourth District, Division Two
 * Superior Court of California, County of Riverside

Crime
Riverside's crime rate has shown a drop over the past several years. According to the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting Statistics database, from 2002 to 2014 violent crime fell to 1,384 from 2,026 events, and property crime to 9,864 from 13,135 events. During this time, the population of the city rose by 21%. To help reduce gang-related crime, the city developed Project Bridge, an anti-gang program under the city of Riverside's Park and Recreation Department. Gang activity has been reported to center in the Casa Blanca, Arlanda and Eastside neighborhoods.

Of the 60 largest U.S. police departments in 2015, the Riverside Police Department was the only department whose police did not kill anyone that year.

Colleges and universities
Institutions of higher learning include:
 * California Baptist University
 * La Sierra University
 * National University (branch campus in Riverside)
 * Riverside City College
 * Riverside Royals College
 * University of California, Riverside
 * University of California, Riverside

Vocational schools

 * Brightwood College
 * UEI College
 * Platt College
 * American College of Healthcare
 * Masters Vocational College
 * US College
 * Northwest College

Public school districts and high schools
Riverside is served by two school districts:
 * Riverside Unified School District serves eastern Riverside.
 * High schools include:
 * Arlington High School
 * Martin Luther King High School
 * John W. North High School
 * Riverside Polytechnic High School also known as Poly High School
 * Ramona High School
 * Riverside Virtual School
 * Riverside STEM High School
 * Continuation high schools include:
 * Abraham Lincoln High School (continuation)
 * Raincross High School (continuation)
 * Summit View High School (continuation)
 * Alvord Unified School District serves western Riverside.
 * High schools include:
 * La Sierra High School
 * Norte Vista High School
 * Hillcrest High School
 * Continuation high schools include:
 * Alvord High School (continuation)

Other public secondary schools
Two notable institutions of learning, for specified student bodies, are also located in Riverside:
 * California School for the Deaf, Riverside (CSDR) for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing from Preschool to 12th grade has been open since 1952.
 * Sherman Indian High School of the Bureau of Indian Education, is for Native American tribal members from 9th to 12th grade; it has been open since 1878.

Private secondary schools

 * Bethel Christian School
 * Eastside Christian Academy
 * Harvest Christian school
 * La Sierra Academy (Seventh-day Adventist)
 * Notre Dame High School (Roman Catholic)
 * Riverside Christian High School
 * Woodcrest Christian High School
 * Islamic Academy of Riverside
 * Carniege Schools Riverside

Initiative to raise college graduation rates
Riverside won a $3 million grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in 2010. As a result, the Completion Counts initiative was created as a joint partnership by the city of Riverside, Riverside City College, Alvord Unified School District, Riverside Unified School District, Riverside County Office of Education, UC Riverside, and the Greater Riverside Chambers of Commerce to double college graduation rates by 2020. Only Riverside, New York City, San Francisco, and Mesa, Arizona received such a grant.

The partnership is creating measures that help students across Riverside earn a degree. For example, RCC will now give 2012 graduates of AUSD and RUSD priority class registration, and a two-year guarantee to complete an associate degree or transfer to a four-year university. Completion Counts is also ensuring that AUSD, RUSD and RCC work together to create a seamless math and English curriculum to prepare students for college-level work. High school and college student counselors are meeting regularly to agree on the best ways to get students ready for college.

Media
Riverside is the home to the Fox Performing Arts Center. The theater is best known for being the first theater to screen the most successful film in box-office history when adjusted for inflation, the 1939 film Gone with the Wind.

Highways
Riverside is served by three major freeways: I-215, State Route 60, and State Route 91. These three freeways meet in northeastern Riverside at a multi-level interchange that was rebuilt in 2007.

Rail lines
The city contains three Metrolink commuter rail stations: Riverside-Downtown, Riverside-La Sierra, and Riverside-Hunter Park/UCR. The first two are both served by the 91/Perris Valley and Inland Empire-Orange County lines, and the Downtown station is served by the Riverside Line on weekdays, and the San Bernardino Line on weekends. The Hunter Park station is served by the 91/Perris Valley Line on weekdays only. Amtrak's Southwest Chief, which runs from Los Angeles to Chicago, also serves the city.

Bus lines
Local bus service is provided by the Riverside Transit Agency. Intercity bus service is provided by Omnitrans Greyhound Lines, Amtrak California, and a handful of small operators serving the cross-border market into Mexico.

Airports
The nearest airport for commercial airline service is Ontario International Airport in Ontario, California. The Riverside Municipal Airport is an airport within Riverside city limits, but it does not have commercial airline service. It is primarily used for private aviation and is also the location for the annual Riverside Air Show.

Sister cities

The Sendai Committee is working on setting up a secure e-pal system whereby the residents of Sendai and Riverside can exchange emails in a fashion similar to pen pals. The aim is to promote grassroots cultural exchange between the two sister cities.

The city of Riverside established an economic partnership program with the state of Oaxaca, Mexico, in the early 2000s.

title: Riverside, California


text:
Romoland, California

Romoland is a census-designated place (CDP) in Riverside County, California, United States. The population was 2,005 at the 2020 census, up from 1,684 at the 2010 census.

History
On June 25, 1900, the first Ethanac Post Office was established across Highway 74, named after Ethan Allen Chase (an early settler to the area), with John Gaston serving as the first postmaster. In 1925, the town of Ethanac changed to "Romola Farms", developed by the Pacific Mutual Life Insurance Company. The developer sold off small ranches of four to five acres for the cultivation of fig trees, and grapes. The project became so popular that the Ethanac post office would be changed to Romola Farms. When the Post Office Department requested the name change, to avoid confusion with San Diego County's Ramona post office, the name was changed for a final time to Romoland. The origin of the development of the name has never been revealed.

In 1985, Leon E. Motte built the "Motte's Romola Farms" Barn off Highway 74, designed by architect Robert Morris. After building the barn from all salvaged materials, the Mottes sold produce for 10 years before leasing it out to other food vendors, such as Tom's Farms and Hamshaw Farms. In 2011, Motte's Romola Farms reopened as the Motte Historical Museum. The Motte Historical Museum is now a classic car museum and showcases the history of the surrounding valley, as well as documenting the area's agricultural roots. The "Motte's Romola Farms" Barn has always been a longtime landmark on Highway 74.

On October 1, 2008, a significant portion of Romoland became part of the then-newly incorporated City of Menifee.

Geography
Romoland is located at 33.74583°N, -117.17417°W (33.745783, -117.174228).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.6 sqmi, all of it land.

As of the 2000 census, according to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP had a total area of 3.0 sqmi, all of it land.

However, prior to its incorporation into the city of Menifee, California, the Romoland region was considered to encompass the entire unincorporated area between Perris, Homeland, Nuevo, and Menifee. The total population prior to Menifee's incorporation in 2008 may have exceeded 100,000 residents in the 30 sqmi area. To the east, the school district extended to Green Acres, east of Homeland. Menifee and Nuevo have their own school districts. When Sun City was built, Menifee then included the Sun City area.

According to the Geographic Names Information System, the town previously had the toponyms Ethanac and Ethanac Siding.

2020
The 2020 United States Census reported that Romoland had a population of 2,005. The population density was 758.3 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Romoland was 751 (37.4%) White, 97 (4.8%) Black or African American, 39 (1.9%) Native American, 71 (3.5%) Asian, 8 (0.4%) Pacific Islander, 682 (34.0%) from other races, and 357 (17.8%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1,173 (58.5%) persons.

The Census reported that the median income in Romoland was $90,185, with 20.6% of the population living below the poverty line.

2010
At the 2010 census Romoland had a population of 1,684. The population density was 636.8 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Romoland was 958 (56.9%) White, 65 (3.9%) African American, 8 (0.5%) Native American, 35 (2.1%) Asian, 12 (0.7%) Pacific Islander, 514 (30.5%) from other races, and 92 (5.5%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 865 people (51.4%).

The whole population lived in households, no one lived in non-institutionalized group quarters and no one was institutionalized.

There were 455 households, 232 (51.0%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 287 (63.1%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 46 (10.1%) had a female householder with no husband present, 34 (7.5%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 27 (5.9%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 6 (1.3%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 61 households (13.4%) were one person and 14 (3.1%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 3.70. There were 367 families (80.7% of households); the average family size was 4.07.

The age distribution was 502 people (29.8%) under the age of 18, 221 people (13.1%) aged 18 to 24, 395 people (23.5%) aged 25 to 44, 434 people (25.8%) aged 45 to 64, and 132 people (7.8%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 32.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.7 males.

There were 512 housing units at an average density of 193.6 per square mile, of the occupied units 351 (77.1%) were owner-occupied and 104 (22.9%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.3%; the rental vacancy rate was 3.7%. 1,288 people (76.5% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 396 people (23.5%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 2,764 people, 785 households, and 620 families in the CDP. The population density was 926.4 PD/sqmi. There were 867 housing units at an average density of 290.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 54.1% White, 2.5% African American, 1.7% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 36.7% from other races, and 4.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 55.4%.

Of the 785 households 43.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.1% were married couples living together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.9% were non-families. 15.9% of households were one person and 7.3% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 3.5 and the average family size was 3.9.

The age distribution was 34.8% under the age of 18, 9.8% from 18 to 24, 27.9% from 25 to 44, 19.0% from 45 to 64, and 8.5% 65 or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.0 males.

The median household income was $33,523 and the median family income was $37,574. Males had a median income of $23,850 versus $18,971 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $12,932. About 20.5% of families and 25.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 30.6% of those under age 18 and 20.6% of those age 65 or over.

Politics
In the state legislature Romoland is located in the 37th Senate District, represented by Republican Bill Emmerson, and in the 65th Assembly District, represented by Republican Paul Cook.

In the United States House of Representatives, Romoland is in.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Romoland, California


text:
Rubidoux, California

Rubidoux was a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Riverside County, California, until July 1, 2011, when it became a neighborhood of the newly formed city of Jurupa Valley. The city is located within Southern California's Inland Empire region, which is part of the Greater Los Angeles Area. Along with the rest of Jurupa Valley, Rubidoux has transformed from a rural area of quarries and dairy farms, in mid to late 20th century, to a suburb of the two larger regions. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,280, up from 29,180 at the 2000 census.

The Rubidoux neighborhood is immediately west of the city of Riverside, separated by the Santa Ana River, and Mount Rubidoux, a prominent landmark for the area, and a Riverside city park.

Key transportation elements of Rubidoux are the Flabob Airport, with a 3200 ft runway, and California State Route 60.

Geography
Rubidoux was located at 33.99583°N, -117.41833°W. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP had a total area of 9.9 sqmi, of which 9.7 sqmi was land and 0.3 sqmi (2.87%) was water.

History
The community's name refers to Louis Robidoux who settled in the area in 1843. Of French Canadian origin, Robidoux's grandfather migrated from Quebec to St. Louis, Missouri, where his interest in the fur trade expanded to become the family business. Robidoux and his brothers became US citizens after 1803 when St. Louis officially became part of the United States. Robidoux was also a naturalized Mexican citizen who had served as Alcalde of Santa Fe, New Mexico. The town of Rubidoux is sited on part of what was once Rancho Jurupa, the Robidoux family ranch. Current descendants of Robidoux now spell their surname Rubidoux.

Incorporation into the City of Jurupa Valley
On March 8, 2011, voters of Rubidoux and adjoining towns passed Measure A by a 54% "Yes" vote, to incorporate the areas of Mira Loma, Pedley, Rubidoux, Glen Avon, and Sunnyslope into the new city of Jurupa Valley. The effective date of incorporation was July 1, 2011.

2010
At the 2010 census Rubidoux had a population of 34,280. The population density was 3,447.0 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Rubidoux was 16,935 (49.4%) White, 1,850 (5.4%) African American, 391 (1.1%) Native American, 855 (2.5%) Asian, 136 (0.4%) Pacific Islander, 12,469 (36.4%) from other races, and 1,644 (4.8%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 23,322 persons (68.0%).

The census reported that 33,958 people (99.1% of the population) lived in households, 106 (0.3%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 216 (0.6%) were institutionalized.

There were 8,931 households, 4,730 (53.0%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 5,043 (56.5%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 1,459 (16.3%) had a female householder with no husband present, 762 (8.5%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 651 (7.3%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 61 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 1,261 households (14.1%) were one person and 473 (5.3%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 3.80. There were 7,264 families (81.3% of households); the average family size was 4.13.

The age distribution was 10,997 people (32.1%) under the age of 18, 4,038 people (11.8%) aged 18 to 24, 9,304 people (27.1%) aged 25 to 44, 7,367 people (21.5%) aged 45 to 64, and 2,574 people (7.5%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 29.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.1 males.

There were 9,518 housing units at an average density of 957.1 per square mile, of the occupied units 5,834 (65.3%) were owner-occupied and 3,097 (34.7%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.8%; the rental vacancy rate was 6.5%. 22,079 people (64.4% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 11,879 people (34.7%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 29,180 people, 7,991 households, and 6,464 families in the CDP. The population density was 3,186.5 PD/sqmi. There were 8,497 housing units at an average density of 927.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 51.8% White, 7.3% African American, 1.4% Native American, 2.2% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 32.0% from other races, and 4.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 54.3%.

Of the 7,991 households 48.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.6% were married couples living together, 16.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.1% were non-families. 14.4% of households were one person and 5.2% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 3.6 and the average family size was 3.9.

The age distribution was 36.0% under the age of 18, 10.3% from 18 to 24, 29.7% from 25 to 44, 17.3% from 45 to 64, and 6.7% 65 or older. The median age was 28 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.1 males.

The median household income was $38,731 and the median family income was $40,019. Males had a median income of $32,252 versus $23,287 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $13,912. About 17.2% of families and 20.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.4% of those under age 18 and 8.8% of those age 65 or over.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Rubidoux is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Rubidoux is in.

title: Rubidoux, California


text:
San Jacinto, California

San Jacinto is a city in Riverside County, California, United States. It is located at the north end of the San Jacinto Valley, with Hemet to its south and Beaumont, California, to its north. The mountains associated with the valley are the San Jacinto Mountains. The population was 44,199 at the 2010 census. The city was founded in 1870 and incorporated on April 20, 1888, making it one of the oldest cities in Riverside County.

The city is home to Mt. San Jacinto College, a community college founded in 1965. San Jacinto will also be home to the eastern end of the Mid County Parkway, a planned route that would eventually connect it to the city of Perris. In the late 19th century and early 20th century, the city became a home to many dairies, and a center for agriculture.

San Jacinto also is home to the Soboba Casino, a gaming casino owned and operated by the Soboba Band of Luiseño Indians. The Sobobas are sovereign and self-sufficient in community affairs. They operate an Indian tribal school, the Noli Academy.

History
The Luiseño were the original inhabitants of what later would be called the San Jacinto Valley, having many villages with residents.

The Anza Trail, one of the first European overland routes to California, named after Juan Bautista de Anza,4 crossed the valley in the 1770s. Mission padres named the valley, San Jacinto, which is Spanish for Saint Hyacinth, and around 1820 they established an outpost there.

In 1883, the San Jacinto Land Association laid out the modern city of San Jacinto at Five Points. The railroad arrived in 1888 and the city government was incorporated that same year.

The local economy was built on agriculture for many years and the city also received a boost from the many tourists who visited the nearby hot springs. The city, and its residents, helped to start the Ramona Pageant ( California's official State Outdoor Play), in 1923, and have supported the historic production ever since.

On July 15, 1937, San Jacinto was the end point for the longest uninterrupted airplane flight to that date when Mikhail Gromov's crew of three made the historic 6262 mi polar flight from Moscow, USSR, in a Tupolev ANT-25. This flight followed another similar historic flight over the pole when Valery Chkalov's crew of three ended up in Vancouver's Pearson Airfield earlier that same year. With these two flights, the USSR earned two major milestones in the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) flight records. In the early 1950s the fraternal group E Clampus Vitus and the Riverside County Department of Transportation commemorated the Gromov flight by erecting a stone marker on Cottonwood Avenue, just west of Sanderson Avenue in west-central San Jacinto. The landing site is also marked by California State Historical Landmark Number 989.

Geography
San Jacinto is located at 33.78722°N, -116.96667°W (33.787119, −116.966672).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 26.1 sqmi, of which 25.7 sqmi is land and 0.4 sqmi, or 1.59%, is water. The San Jacinto reservoir is an artificial lake used as a basin for the San Diego Aqueduct, a branch of the Colorado River Aqueduct, west of town.

Since local geological records have been kept, the city has been struck by two large earthquakes, one on Christmas Day in 1899, and the other on April 21, 1918.

Climate
San Jacinto has a hot-summer mediterranean climate (Köppen: Csa) hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that San Jacinto had a population of 44,199. The population density was 1,691.4 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of San Jacinto was 25,272 (57.2%) White (35.1% Non-Hispanic White), 2,928 (6.6%) African American, 812 (1.8%) Native American, 1,341 (3.0%) Asian, 124 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 11,208 (25.4%) from other races, and 2,514 (5.7%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 23,109 persons (52.3%).

The Census reported that 43,971 people (99.5% of the population) lived in households, 169 (0.4%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 59 (0.1%) were institutionalized.

There were 13,152 households, out of which 6,460 (49.1%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 6,954 (52.9%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 2,121 (16.1%) had a female householder with no husband present, 912 (6.9%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 938 (7.1%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 111 (0.8%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 2,459 households (18.7%) were made up of individuals, and 1,231 (9.4%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.34. There were 9,987 families (75.9% of all households); the average family size was 3.81.

The population was spread out, with 14,487 people (32.8%) under the age of 18, 4,404 people (10.0%) aged 18 to 24, 11,885 people (26.9%) aged 25 to 44, 8,755 people (19.8%) aged 45 to 64, and 4,668 people (10.6%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.4 males.

There were 14,977 housing units at an average density of 573.2 /sqmi, of which 8,943 (68.0%) were owner-occupied, and 4,209 (32.0%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 5.7%; the rental vacancy rate was 10.3%. 28,777 people (65.1% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 15,194 people (34.4%) lived in rental housing units.

According to the 2010 United States Census, San Jacinto had a median household income of $47,453, with 18.9% of the population living below the federal poverty line.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 23,779 people, 8,314 households, and 5,836 families residing in the city. The population density was 368.6/km$2$ (954.6/mi2). There were 9,476 housing units at an average density of 146.9/km$2$ (380.4/mi2). The racial makeup of the city was 69.3% White, 2.7% African American, 2.3% Native American, 1.1% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 19.5% from other races, and 4.9% from two or more races. 40.3% of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 8,314 households, out of which 36.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.1% were married couples living together, 13.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.8% were non-families. 25.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.7% har someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.84 and the average family size was 3.41.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 31.3% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 26.1% from 25 to 44, 17.3% from 45 to 64, and 17.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,627, and the median income for a family was $34,717. Males had a median income of $31,764 versus $25,392 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,265. 20.3% of the population and 15.2% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 26.6% of those under the age of 18 and 12.2% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.

Government
Federal:
 * In the United States House of Representatives, San Jacinto is in.

State:
 * In the California State Legislature, San Jacinto is in, and.

Local:
 * In the Riverside County Board of Supervisors, San Jacinto is in the Third District, represented by Chuck Washington.

Tourism
San Jacinto has a memorial to veterans at Druding Park is a tribute to the men and women of the U.S. Armed Services. In the park, each branch of the military has an equipment artifact used by its members in battle, as a symbol of their services. There is a tank for the Army, a propeller for the Air Force, an anchor for the Navy, a lighthouse for the Coast Guard, and in the near future the city government hopes to add a howitzer for the Marine Corps. Various plaques and memorials also grace the 1 acre park.

The city is also home to the Estudillo Mansion, which was home to Francisco Estudillo, who was the city's first postmaster and was elected as the city's second mayor. The mansion also has a twin mansion built by Estudillo's brother, Jose Antonio Estudillo, Jr. The two mansions and the grounds are all that remains of the original 35000 acre Mexican land grant given to the brother's father, Jose Antonio Estudillo in 1842. The mansion was placed on the National Register of Historic Places and on the California Register of Historic Resources. This is only the third Riverside County site to receive this honor. Francisco lost his mansion to foreclosure in 1901, but even though Jose, his brother, died in the same year, his family retained his mansion and property, including the olive grove, and it was considered the Estudillo Estate, becoming the site of many family events, and a couple of family burials, until it was sold in 1919. Seven years later, Adelaide, Jose's wife died in Riverside.

Police
The city is served by the Riverside County Sheriff's Department.

Fire
The city of San Jacinto contracts for fire and paramedic services with the Riverside County Fire Department through a cooperative agreement with CAL FIRE. Fire Station 25 is also a CAL FIRE fire station which has a wildland fire engine.

Education
The city is served by the San Jacinto Unified School District, made up of 12 schools. There is one comprehensive high school, San Jacinto High School (San Jacinto, California), and a continuation high school, Mountain View High School. There are 7 elementary schools and 3 middle schools in the city, and one independent studies program on the Mountain View High School campus site. A 6–12 magnet school, San Jacinto Leadership Academy, operates on the past Monte Vista Middle School campus, serving nearly 600 children.

The San Jacinto Valley Academy is a K–12 charter school.

Cemetery
The San Jacinto Valley Cemetery District maintains the San Jacinto Valley Cemetery in the city. Notable burials include Danish cartoonist Henning Dahl Mikkelsen who created the strip Ferd'nand.

Arts
The Diamond Valley Arts Council (DVAC) maintains an arts complex called the Esplanade Arts Center (EAC), which features an art gallery, community arts classes, and a performance space home to the Inland Stage Company (ISC).

Sports
Mt. San Jacinto College (the Eagles) has a sports stadium for college football and a gymnasium for college basketball, along with a ball park for a collegiate baseball team the Diamond Valley Sabers of the SCCBL (Southern California Baseball League) who also play home games in the Diamond Valley Field in Hemet.

The So Cal Coyotes of the DFI (Developmental Football International) plays half their home games in the Soboba Casino Oaks Sports Complex and their home field in Rancho Mirage in 2013, but the team has moved their home field to Shadow Hills Stadium in Indio in 2018.

The Soboba Casino's sports complex also has an indoor sports facility for boxing events held in the Soboba Indian Reservation.

title: San Jacinto, California


text:
Sedco Hills, California

Sedco Hills is a former census-designated place (CDP) in Riverside County, California, United States. The population was 3,078 at the 2000 census. Sedco Hills became part of the City of Wildomar upon its incorporation on July 1, 2008.

Geography
Sedco Hills is located at 33.64056°N, -117.28583°W (33.640690, -117.285842).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.6 sqmi, all of it land.

History
The name Sedco comes from the South Elsinore Development Company, a land company that developed the area in the past. The name Sedco Hills has become the informal name of that section of the Temescal Mountains east of Sedco Hills, west of Cottonwood Canyon Creek and south of the San Jacinto River.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,078 people, 1,036 households, and 735 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,885.3 PD/sqmi. There were 1,123 housing units at an average density of 687.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 73.9% White, 3.3% African American, 2.0% Native American, 1.1% Asian, <0.1% Pacific Islander, 16.1% from other races, and 3.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 36.3% of the population.

There were 1,036 households, out of which 35.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.4% were married couples living together, 13.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.0% were non-families. 22.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.97 and the average family size was 3.48.

In the CDP the population was spread out, with 30.1% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 26.7% from 25 to 44, 19.4% from 45 to 64, and 15.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.8 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $28,766, and the median income for a family was $35,481. Males had a median income of $32,679 versus $19,375 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $13,101. About 16.7% of families and 18.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.6% of those under age 18 and 11.3% of those age 65 or over.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Sedco Hills is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Sedco Hills is in.

title: Sedco Hills, California


text:
Sun City, Menifee, California

Sun City is a former census-designated place (CDP) in Riverside County, California, United States, and now a neighborhood of the city of Menifee, California. Along with the neighboring communities of Quail Valley and Menifee, it was incorporated as part of the City of Menifee on October 1, 2008. The population when Sun City was a CDP was 17,773 at the 2000 census. Sun City is located along Interstate 215 just south of the city of Perris.

As of 2022, there are 26,987 residents in Sun City, with a median age of 47. Of this, 49.17% are males and 50.83% are females. US-born citizens make up 85.81% of the resident pool in Sun City, while non-US-born citizens account for 9.77%.

Sun City is a master-planned community for senior citizens over age 55. The four-square-mile residential community has one public golf course, two recreation centers with tennis courts, paddle ball courts, lawn bowling grassed courts and two swimming pools, and a commercial center consisting of supermarkets, small retail shops, full service restaurants, and quick-service restaurants. The site planning of the planned community began in 1960, making it the second retirement community originated by Del Webb, and groundbreaking occurred in December 1961. This original Sun City SoCal (Southern California) was one of the four "Sun Cities" designed hands-on by Del Webb.

History
Sun City began in what is known as the Perris Valley, so known since 1885, when the community of Perris was established along the newly built Southern California Railroad certified to connect the cities of Barstow and San Diego. Until 1957, there was little change in this sparsely populated rural grassland valley. In 1957, Richard Rand, a land developer who hoped to promote a planned community called Ransdale, purchased the Newport Ranch. A small motel and office were as far as his plans progressed.

In 1959, Del Webb arrived. The concept of an active retirement community was relatively new and Webb was in the process of developing the Sun City community in Arizona, which was experiencing success greater than expected. He started looking for reasonably priced land in Southern California to develop another Sun City where the sun shined 200+ days, preferably equidistant to San Diego and Los Angeles. Webb started buying large parcels from Rand and other farmers in Menifee Valley. He ended up buying 14,000 acres from Scott Road north to Ethanac Road for $500 to $900 an acre.

Timeline

 * 1961: Grading began in December for Sun City with a projected opening date of June 1962.
 * 1962: The Kings Inn motel and restaurant was constructed on the corner of Bradley Road and Cherry Hills Boulevard. When the June opening arrived, the Civic Center was in place, along with model homes and the golf course seeded and soon to be playable. There were 100,000 visitors and 272 homes were sold in three days south of The Kings Inn. The shopping center across the street from the Kings Inn opened shortly afterwards in July 1962. The new shopping center near U.S. Highway 395 had a Mayfair Market and Sprouse-Reitz. The first church, United Church Sun City, opens in the brand new Webb Hall of Sun City Civic Association at 26850 Sun City Boulevard. The Greek outdoor theatre is also built.
 * 1963: The town's first gas station, a Union 76, also opens in the shopping center at the northwest corner of Bradley Road and Cherry Hills Boulevard. Decades later, this Union 76 would be abandoned and replaced by the new Sun City Library in 2008. The Kings Inn expands with the addition of 56 rooms. The Cherry Hills Golf Course opens.
 * 1964: 3,500 people were living in Sun City. Security First National Bank is built in the shopping center parking plaza at Bradley near Cherry Hills Blvd. It would be torn down 2008 and replaced by a newer Sun City Library. Expansion of the shopping center begins with construction of a western wing. The town's second gas station, Texaco, is built at 28200 Bradley Road, and is currently Bradley Auto Service.
 * 1965: Bank of America opens at 26800 Cherry Hills Boulevard. The new west wing addition to the shopping center is officially completed. Provident Federal Savings Bank opens in this wing. McCall Boulevard is developed and built from Sun City Blvd on west side of developing Sun City to the east side of U.S. Highway 395. United Church Sun City builds a church at 26701 McCall Boulevard.
 * 1966: McCall Boulevard is extended east to Menifee Road. Two new gas stations are built: Shell at 26730 McCall and Standard at 26980 McCall. The sole Catholic church, St. Vincent Ferrer, opens at 27931 Murrieta Road.
 * 1967: U.S. Highway 395 is upgraded as a freeway south from Ethanac Road to just south of the McCall Boulevard exit, replacing Antelope Road as Highway 395. Bradley Road is also extended throughout the year to flank the east side of the shopping plaza, skirted by the newly completed US Hwy 395, and ending at Rouse Road. The Standard Gas Station opens at 26980 McCall Blvd and remains a Standard, later Chevron for over 50 years to the present day. Sun City Shell Gas opens at 26730 McCall Blvd. It is a Union 76 today. The current Sun City Gardens Retirement Community is built on the south side of town at 28500 Bradley Rd. A brick medical building opens nearby at 28401 Bradley Rd. The first mobile home park on the east side of the freeway begins construction and will become Bel Air Mobile Estates.
 * 1968: The current Sun City Post Office is built at 26822 Cherry Hills Blvd. A 7-Eleven opens at 27188 Sun City Blvd (currently THI Home Medical Eqp). An Arco Gas Station opens at NW Corner of 26670 McCall & Sun City Blvd. Another gas station opens on east side of US Highway 395 at 27181 McCall Blvd. It is now a Gulf fuel station.
 * 1969: The entire Sun City Civic Association, including the swimming pool, Greek theatre, and other amenities, is completed.
 * 1970: Population is now 5,519.
 * 1971: The first homes in Sun City on the east side of U.S. Highway 395 are built on Encanto Drive.
 * 1974: Del Webb dies.
 * 1975: A second golf course under the Del Webb Corp, the North Golf Course, opens at 26660 McCall Blvd. The Bel Air Strip Plaza is built along the frontage road (Encanto Road) alongside the freeway.
 * 1976: United California Bank opens at 27385 Sun City Blvd (where the current Wells Fargo is today).
 * 1977: Three more smaller structures added to north side of original Sun City Shopping Center for more stores.
 * 1978: A fire burns down the restaurant of the Kings Inn and the inn begins a steady decline.
 * 1979: The current Stater Brothers supermarket is built on the west side of the original shopping plaza at 27160 Sun City Blvd as the third supermarket in Sun City. A fourth structure is added to the northeast side of the original Sun City Shopping Center for more stores.
 * 1980: Population is now 8,460. Imperial Savings Bank opens at 26960 Cherry Hills Blvd.
 * 1981: A fourth supermarket, a newer Safeway, is built at 27220 Sun City Blvd. It replaces the three-year-old Safeway just a couple hundred yards to the north, and that location converts to Sprouse-Reitz, as it moves from its original location at 26932 Cherry Hills Blvd.
 * 1982: In nine pieces, in nine separate moves early in the morning, all the remnants of the old Kings Inn are moved to the opposite side of the freeway to 27680 Encanto Road to begin as the new Sun City Motel. By this point, the Bob's Big Boy is out of business. Construction begins on a small strip plaza at McCall Blvd & Murrieta for an opening in 1983.
 * 1983: Valley Bank opens at 26670 McCall Blvd.
 * 1985: The two-story Bradley Medical Building is added to the east side of the original Sun City Shopping Center.
 * 1986: The old Sun City Shell station is remodeled.
 * 1987: United Church Sun City adds an east-wing building. A series of apartment complexes begin to be built on Encanto Road east of the freeway.
 * 1988: The Safeway at 27220 Sun City Blvd is converted to the current Vons Supermarket. The original Standard Station is remodeled.
 * 1989: The old Bobs at 27990 Bradley Road is reopened as Allie's Restaurant.
 * 1990: Population is 14,390
 * 1994: The expanding Sun City Library takes over the former Security Pacific Bank at 26982 Cherry Hills Blvd
 * 2000: The population is 17,773 people.
 * 2007: The old Union 76 Gas Station, on the east side of Interstate 215 McCall exit, is bulldozed at 27180 McCall Blvd.
 * 2008: The old bank building housing the Sun City Library is demolished at 26982 Cherry Hills Blvd with a new library on site to open in 2009. The old Mobil at 26820 McCall now sits abandoned and will for many more years. The City of Menifee is incorporated as a new city through the acquisition of Menifee, Sun City, Romoland, and Quail Valley. At its time of acquisition, Sun City's population was approaching 20,000.
 * 2009: The old Valley Bank closes after 26 years and is converted into a gym.
 * 2017: The North Golf Course closes after 42 years in operation. The United Church Sun City is now renamed the View Church. A new fire station opens at 28349 Bradley Road.
 * 2018: The old Valley Bank Building bulldozed at 26670 McCall Blvd to make room for a new Jack-in-the-Box restaurant.

Geography
Sun City is located at 33.708°N, -117.199°W.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP had a total area of 7.8 square miles (20.2 km2), all of it land.

Climate
The climate in this area is described by the Köppen Climate Classification System as "dry-summer subtropical"  often referred to as "Mediterranean" and abbreviated as Csa.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 17,773 people, 8,750 households, and 5,197 families residing in the community when it was still a CDP. The population density was 2,280.0 PD/sqmi. There were 9,440 housing units at an average density of 1,211.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 89.63% White, 2.13% African American, 0.51% Native American, 1.19% Asian, 0.15% Pacific Islander, 4.11% from other races, and 2.29% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12.31% of the population.

There were 8,750 households, out of which 12.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.6% were married couples living together, 5.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.6% were non-families. 37.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 31.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.99 and the average family size was 2.57.

In the CDP the population was spread out, with 14.2% under the age of 18, 2.6% from 18 to 24, 13.2% from 25 to 44, 18.0% from 45 to 64, and 51.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 66 years. For every 100 females there were 78.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 74.9 males. Sun City is renowned for a large senior citizen population, most of them are white non-Hispanic Americans. Sun City has multiple ethnic ancestral groups and the area has a sizable American Jewish community.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $29,814, and the median income for a family was $38,131. Males had a median income of $41,174 versus $29,036 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $19,859. About 6.0% of families and 8.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.4% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over.

White-collar workers make up 71.59% of the working population in Sun City, while blue-collar employees account for 28.41%. There are also 969 entrepreneurs in Sun City (10.08% of the workforce); 6,690 workers employed in private companies (69.58%); and 1,546 people working in governmental institutions (16.08%).

There are a total of 11,136 households in Sun City, each made up of around 3 members. Family establishments represent 58.41% of these Sun City households, while non-family units account for the remaining 41.58%. Additionally, 20.1% of households have children and 79.9% of households are without children.

The average annual household income in Sun City is $82,505, while the median household income sits at $70,013 per year. Residents aged 25 to 44 earn $95,818, while those between 45 and 64 years old have a median wage of $77,575. In contrast, people younger than 25 and those older than 65 earn less, at $37,270 and $47,152, respectively.

There are 11,962 housing units in Sun City, and the median year in which these properties were built is 1990. Of the 11,136 occupied housing units in Sun City, 74.5% are owner-occupied, while 25.49% have renters living in them. Meanwhile, properties bought with mortgages account for 65.14% of the units, and the median value of a home with a mortgage is $342,650. In general, housing costs reach $1,616 per month in Sun City.

Housing Units	11,962	6.7% Median Year Built	1990	0.0% Built in 1939 or Earlier	186	-17.0% Built between 1940 and 1949	64	-28.1% Built between 1950 and 1959	425	40.7% Built between 1960 and 1969	2,756	8.3% Built between 1970 and 1979	2,033	6.8% Built between 1980 and 1989	3,103	2.9% Built between 1990 and 1999	1,410	7.8% Built between 2000 and 2009	1,379	5.0% Built in 2010 or Later	606	N/A

Politics
In the California State Legislature, Sun City is in the 32nd Senate District, represented by Republican Kelly Seyarto, and in the 63rd Assembly District, represented by Republican Bill Essayli.

title: Sun City, Menifee, California


text:
Sunnyslope, California

Sunnyslope was a census-designated place (CDP) in Riverside County, California, United States. The population was 5,153 at the 2010 census, up from 4,437 at the 2000 census. On July 1, 2011, the CDP became part of the City of Jurupa Valley.

Geography
Sunnyslope is located at 34.02056°N, -117.42333°W (34.020613, -117.423352).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.5 square miles (3.8 km2), all of it land.

Incorporation into the City of Jurupa Valley
On March 8, 2011, voters passed Measure A by a 54.03% YES vote, incorporating the areas of Mira Loma, Pedley, Rubidoux, Glen Avon, and Sunnyslope into the new city Jurupa Valley. The effective date of incorporation was July 1, 2011.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Sunnyslope had a population of 5,153. The population density was 3,497.0 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Sunnyslope was 3,017 (58.5%) White, 96 (1.9%) African American, 55 (1.1%) Native American, 76 (1.5%) Asian, 10 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 1,696 (32.9%) from other races, and 203 (3.9%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3,630 persons (70.4%).

The Census reported that 5,017 people (97.4% of the population) lived in households, 7 (0.1%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 129 (2.5%) were institutionalized.

There were 1,185 households, out of which 660 (55.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 797 (67.3%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 137 (11.6%) had a female householder with no husband present, 102 (8.6%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 75 (6.3%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 9 (0.8%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 102 households (8.6%) were made up of individuals, and 35 (3.0%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.23. There were 1,036 families (87.4% of all households); the average family size was 4.41.

The population was spread out, with 1,574 people (30.5%) under the age of 18, 613 people (11.9%) aged 18 to 24, 1,325 people (25.7%) aged 25 to 44, 1,228 people (23.8%) aged 45 to 64, and 413 people (8.0%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.1 males.

There were 1,242 housing units at an average density of 842.9 /sqmi, of which 959 (80.9%) were owner-occupied, and 226 (19.1%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.4%; the rental vacancy rate was 3.4%. 3,975 people (77.1% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,042 people (20.2%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,437 people, 1,086 households, and 963 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 3,216.9 PD/sqmi. There were 1,123 housing units at an average density of 814.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 57.7% White, 3.9% African American, 1.6% Native American, 2.3% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 30.6% from other races, and 3.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 53.1% of the population.

There were 1,086 households, out of which 51.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.1% were married couples living together, 11.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 11.3% were non-families. 8.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 1.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.0 and the average family size was 4.1.

In the CDP the population was spread out, with 34.4% under the age of 18, 9.3% from 18 to 24, 28.2% from 25 to 44, 20.1% from 45 to 64, and 8.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.0 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $50,208, and the median income for a family was $48,036. Males had a median income of $35,875 versus $26,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $14,055. About 15.7% of families and 18.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.7% of those under age 18 and 9.2% of those age 65 or over.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Sunnyslope is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Sunnyslope is in.

title: Sunnyslope, California