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Lemoore, California

Lemoore (formerly, La Tache and Lee Moore's) is a city in Kings County, California, United States. Lemoore is located 7.5 mi west-southwest of Hanford, at an elevation of 230 feet. It is part of the Hanford-Corcoran Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA Code 25260). The population was 24,531 at the 2010 Census. The California Department of Finance estimated that Lemoore's population was 26,725 on July 1, 2019.

Lemoore is home to Naval Air Station Lemoore, a master jet base housing F-18 and F-35 squadrons assigned to the Pacific fleet.

History
Dr. Lovern Lee Moore first made his home in what was western Tulare County, California—now the City of Lemoore—in April 1871. It was on the northern shoreline (just above the high-water mark) of Tulare Lake, then potentially the largest freshwater body of water in the US, outside of the Great Lakes. The American pioneers from eastern states saw this as a stretch of vast virgin land on which sheep, horses and wild animals had grazed but had never been cultivated.

By the time Dr. Moore arrived, scores of individual farms dotted the landscape, but as Tulare Lake retreated, more became continually available. The soil was rich and productive as it had been brought down and deposited for centuries from the high Sierras by the Kings River and the Los Gatos Creek alluvial fan from the Coast Range. Wells were easy to dig, as the water level was unusually high. So water was plentiful for irrigation from shallow wells farm families installed. Raising of sheep and grains were principal concerns of farmers in the area.

However, the pioneers were somewhat isolated, since they had to drive by horse as far as 6 miles northeast to Grangeville settlement, to get mail or newspapers. It was even farther to Kingston for other supplies. Hanford was not founded until later in 1877. Even the area was called by various names, believed to be of Indian origin, such as Latache, Tailholt, or just, in English, the Lake District.

Dr. Lee Moore proved to be a man of vision. He decided to knit together the scores of surrounding farm families, to secure a post office, and some local center for conducting business which could be hastened by direct means of communicating with the outside world. He must also have had the hope of attracting the railroad, which was then being planned but was not built until six years later.

The first steps he took to organize a community began in early 1872, when he surveyed a 10 acre subdivision in what is now the land immediately west of the present Lemoore High School. In August 1872 he had established the first real estate development in this district and had laid out and named the streets after other pioneer families. In the summer of 1872 land auctions were held and lots went to the highest bidder. Prices ranged from $75 to $150 per lot. One business lot was sold for $600, rated as a very high price, considering the value of the dollar in 1872. Dr. Moore's home was believed to be situated where the grammar school playground on Bush Street is now located.

The year 1872 was a busy one for the inhabitants. In addition to sales at the subdivision and putting in of streets, new buildings for homes and businesses began to arise. This was the start of a real community, but it still lacked a school, a definitely accepted name, and a post office.

All these developed in the next eventful year of 1873. Dr. Moore had presented a signed petition to the U.S. Post Office Department in distant Washington for a post office in the new town in 1872, but his petition was not granted until 1873.

At that time it was common custom to name communities after their founders or some prominent person of the day. The naming of Hanford and Porterville are examples of this common practice.

The Lemoore post office first opened in 1875.

For some reason the U.S. Post Office objected to the name "Latache," so, by about the 1920s it combined the founder's name by omitting one letter "e", from Lee and called the new post office Lemoore after Lee Moore. In that way the new community received its new name.

In the same year, 1873, a Mr. Armstrong donated 2 acre of land for the first school building in Lemoore. It was a frame structure 18 feet by 30 ft, completed and dedicated at a country dance held in December 1873.

The railroad came to what is now Kings County in 1877. At that date Grangeville was the largest community in the entire area. After some dispute with its residents, rail officials decided to by-pass that settlement and went through Hanford. Lemoore, by that time had shown healthy growth. It could have been through the foresight of Dr. Moore in setting a head-start in '72 which attracted the rail route to his budding community. The line was put through Lemoore in 1877 parallel to Front Street, now called E Street.

This re-directed the business growth of the town toward the railroad station from where Dr. Moore first encouraged residence and business activity. It eventually made E (Front Street) and D Streets the main business avenues of the community.

After 25 years of service to the Lemoore area, Dr. Lee Moore died on September 11, 1898. The number of new residents he had helped bring into the world numbered in the thousands.

In 1883 the town then had a flouring mill of 200 barrels daily capacity. It was an important shipping point for wheat and wool, and not long afterwards became a center for fruit, but in its early period many fires retarded its growth.

Many of the early settlers of the Lemoore District were cultured people, and Lemoore attained a reputation for literary and musical accomplishments unmatched by many pioneer towns. There was an early literary society that had a long and noteworthy existence.

In 1893 Tulare County, by act of the State Legislature, was split into two areas. Western Tulare County became what is now Kings County. In creating the new County of Kings there was keen competition between Hanford and Lemoore as to which would become the county seat. By that time Hanford's population had exceeded Lemoore's and the addition of the Santa Fe Railroad's main line through Hanford gave it the advantage of two rail lines instead of one. The result was the construction of the County Courthouse in that city.

Lemoore became an incorporated city on July 4, 1900, which opened a new era for the community, with government by an elected City Council. Lemoore residents have always taken a keen interest in local political activities.

Bob E. Baldock designed and opened for play in 1928 a 9-hole golf course. The City of Lemoore had it remodeled in 1991, by Bill Phillips to add to the community an exciting 18-hole golf course.

Military
In 1941, the Lemoore Army Air Field opened as an Army Air Forces training field. The Federal Government acquired 1466 acre for the Lemoore Basic Flying School in 1941–42. Approximately 488 acre were acquired by grant deed from individual land owners, 963 acre were leased from the City of Lemoore and 14 acre were acquired by transfer from the National Housing Agency. In 1961, The Army Air Field was converted into what is now Naval Air Station Lemoore, a Naval Aviation base 7 miles west of Lemoore. Since 1961, The base has grown to become the largest Master Jet Base in the Navy. NAS Lemoore hosts five carrier air wings, mostly made up of F-18s and F-35 jets.

Geography
The maps published by Thos. H. Thompson in 1892, shows three high water levels of the giant Tulare Lake in different years. The highest lake level, the one Thompson labeled "original lake line" skirts or touches the 1892 town of Lemoore's south-west corner at the current intersection of State Route 41 and State Route 198. On Thompson's map, Lemoore is on the east bank, and about five miles away Lemoore Naval Air Station would have been on the west bank of the pointy northern tip of Tulare Lake at its maximum size. At the extreme northern point of Tulare Lake was its natural, occasional "flood year" spillway northbound into Bogg Slough, Fresno Slough, and the San Joaquin River's watershed, onward to the sea at San Francisco Bay. The present (2014) remaining marshy remnants of Bogg Slough, with its unfarmed oxbow structures may be the last of their kind to avoid the plow in the Kings-San Joaquin river system. This "summit," or spillway is located just a few miles north-west of Lemoore, off Grangeville Blvd at elevation 210 feet. The spillway was wide, shallow and confusing, choked with tall tule rushes, and without observable landmarks. Only one commercial boat is known to have sailed from Tulare Lake to the San Francisco delta. Tulare Lake had huge economic importance in the region, both for the very large population of Indians, and the white pioneers. The lake supported a large commercial fishery feeding San Francisco, and a steam powered ferry servicing several towns and settlements. The receding lake continually opened up new agricultural lands for settlement. Because of its source streams being diverted, the last time the lake overflowed was 1878, and today it no longer exists.

Because the natural summit or border between the Kings River basin and the San Joaquin River's watershed, and the Kings River itself nearly intersect near Lemoore, a number of huge water works that control regional water flow are also located nearby. For example, in flood years the Kings River is diverted west into the so-called "North Fork Kings River," to Crescent Weir and related major levees eastward to the north-flowing Fresno Slough and to the sea, preventing a resurgence ("flooding") of Tulare Lake to the south. This "switch point" is located just north of Lemoore right off of Highway 41 and Elgin Ave at the New Island Weirs. In many cases the prehistoric Kings River bed has been obliterated and new channels have been constructed. However, as of 2014, in satellite images (such as Google maps, etc.) the remains of many of the old channels can still be detected.

Other towns built just above the Tulare Lake high-water shoreline include Kettleman City and Alpaugh (once also called Hog Island, Root Island, and Atwell's Island ). Satellite maps indicate that highways, railroads, and property lines are aligned with the historic lake shores. Also, many of the farms can be seen to be much larger within its various historic shore lines than in the surrounding areas.

Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Lemoore has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Lemoore had a population of 24,531. The population density was 2,880.4 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Lemoore was 13,925 (56.8%) White, 1,566 (6.4%) African American, 333 (1.4%) Native American, 2,010 (8.2%) Asian, 102 (0.4%) Pacific Islander, 4,935 (20.1%) from other races, and 1,660 (6.8%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9,820 persons (40.0%).

The Census reported that 24,514 people (99.9% of the population) lived in households, 11 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 6 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 8,196 households, out of which 3,787 (46.2%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 4,076 (49.7%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 1,387 (16.9%) had a female householder with no husband present, 607 (7.4%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 641 (7.8%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 44 (0.5%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 1,532 households (18.7%) were made up of individuals, and 436 (5.3%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.99. There were 6,070 families (74.1% of all households); the average family size was 3.42.

The population was spread out, with 7,547 people (30.8%) under the age of 18, 3,053 people (12.4%) aged 18 to 24, 7,184 people (29.3%) aged 25 to 44, 4,955 people (20.2%) aged 45 to 64, and 1,792 people (7.3%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.4 males.

There were 8,632 housing units at an average density of 1,013.5 /sqmi, of which 4,323 (52.7%) were owner-occupied, and 3,873 (47.3%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.1%. 13,562 people (55.3% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 10,952 people (44.6%) lived in rental housing units.

The 2018 American Community Survey estimated that 17.2% of the population lived below the poverty line.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 21,900 people, 6,450 households, and 4,927 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,332.3 PD/sqmi. There were 6,823 housing units at an average density of 807.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 59.29% White, 7.28% African American, 1.59% Native American, 8.37% Asian, 0.33% Pacific Islander, 17.35% from other races, and 5.80% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 30.50% of the population.

There were 6,450 households, out of which 48.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.0% were married couples living together, 15.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.6% were non-families. 17.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.06 and the average family size was 3.46.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 34.6% under the age of 18, 11.2% from 18 to 24, 31.3% from 25 to 44, 16.6% from 45 to 64, and 6.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.5 males.

At the time of the 2010 census, the median income for a household in the city was $40,314, and the median income for a family was $44,006. Males had a median income of $34,726 versus $25,759 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,876. About 11.4% of families and 13.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.2% of those under age 18 and 11.3% of those age 65 or over. The estimated unemployment rate in November 2016 was 8.3%.

Economy
Major employers in Lemoore include Naval Air Station Lemoore, Tachi Palace, Leprino Foods and Olam International.

Government
Lemoore is incorporated as a general law city under the California Constitution. The city has a council-manager government with a city manager appointed by the city council. The city council is made up of five members. The mayor and mayor pro tem are elected by the city council from among its members. On December 6, 2022, the city council elected Patricia Matthews as mayor. Other city council members are Frank Gornick, Jim Chaney, David Orth and Stuart Lyons. Lemoore's city manager is Nathan Olson.

State and federal representation
In the California State Legislature, Lemoore is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Lemoore is in California's 21st District and is represented by Republican David Valadao.

Transportation
Amtrak Thruway 18 provides a daily connection to/from 300 E Street to/from Visalia on the east, and Santa Maria on the west, with several stops in between.

Education
The Lemoore Union Elementary School District provides kindergarten through eighth grade education for most of the city. It operates the following elementary and junior high schools:

 * Cinnamon Elementary
 * P.W. Engvall Elementary
 * Lemoore Elementary
 * Meadow Lane Elementary
 * Liberty Middle School
 * University Charter School

The Central Union School District serves much of the outlying parts of the Lemoore area beyond the city limits and provides kindergarten through eighth grade education. It operates the following elementary schools:
 * Akers Elementary at NAS Lemoore
 * Neutra Elementary at NAS Lemoore that was designed by the renowned architect Richard J. Neutra
 * Central Union Elementary School
 * Stratford Elementary School

The Island Union Elementary School District serves the Island District northwest of Lemoore and operates Island Elementary School which has grades kindergarten through eighth.

The Lemoore Union High School District provides public secondary education. It operates the following schools:

 * Lemoore Union High School
 * Donald C. Jamison High School
 * Lemoore Middle College High School
 * Gundacker Community Day School
 * Yokuts High School at the Santa Rosa Rancheria

West Hills College Lemoore is a community college in Lemoore.

Private Schools in Lemoore include:

 * Kings Christian School - pre-kindergarten through high school.
 * Mary Immaculate Queen School - kindergarten through eighth grade.

Media
The city formerly had a local paper called The Lemoore Advance and the Advance Extra, which is now defunct.

KGAR, 93.3 FM, is a low-power FM radio station operated by Lemoore High School students on the campus of Lemoore High School.

Notable people

 * David Ausberry, professional football player for the Oakland Raiders
 * Astronaut Michael A Baker, retired captain in the United States Navy, former NASA astronaut, and the International Space Station Program Manager for International and Crew Operations, at NASA's Johnson Space Center. Graduated from Lemoore Union High School, Lemoore, California, in 1971; received a bachelor of science degree in aerospace engineering from the University of Texas in 1975.
 * Eric Fox, former outfielder for the Oakland Athletics
 * Former NFL fullback Lorenzo Neal, played for Lemoore High School and California State University, Fresno. Neal was a state champion wrestler as a heavyweight for Lemoore High School as well.
 * Chris Pendleton, folkstyle and freestyle wrestler, two-time NCAA National Wrestling Champion and three-time All-American
 * Rock musician and Journey leader Steve Perry, moved to Lemoore from Hanford as a teenager and began developing his craft while attending high school there.
 * Daniel Rhoads, a California pioneer and rancher who helped rescue the Donner Party. El Adobe de los Robles Rancho (California Historical Landmark #206), a building built by Rhoads, can be found north of Lemoore along state highway 41.
 * Sprinter Tommie Smith, ran high school track at Lemoore High School before setting a world record in the 200 m at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City. Smith, along with his teammate John Carlos, is best known for his Black Power salute during the medal ceremony.
 * Zilpha Keatley Snyder, noted author of books for children and young adults, was born in Lemoore. She wrote 43 books in her lifetime, including three Newbery Honor books.

title: Lemoore, California


text:
Lemoore Station, California

Lemoore Station is a census-designated place (CDP) in Naval Air Station Lemoore, Kings County, California, United States. It is part of the Hanford–Corcoran Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 7,438 as of the 2010 United States Census.

Geography
Lemoore Station is located at 36.26056°N, -119.89194°W (36.260534, -119.891936).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 4.2 sqmi, all of it land.

Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Lemoore Station has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Lemoore Station had a population of 7,438. The population density was 1,768.7 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Lemoore Station was 4,883 (65.6%) White, 729 (9.8%) African American, 70 (0.9%) Native American, 560 (7.5%) Asian, 53 (0.7%) Pacific Islander, 418 (5.6%) from other races, and 725 (9.7%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1,445 persons (19.4%).

The Census reported that 5,495 people (73.9% of the population) lived in households, 1,923 (25.9%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 20 (0.3%) were institutionalized.

There were 1,585 households, out of which 1,253 (79.1%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 1,382 (87.2%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 133 (8.4%) had a female householder with no husband present, 26 (1.6%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 8 (0.5%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 11 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 37 households (2.3%) were made up of individuals, and 1 (0.1%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.47. There were 1,541 families (97.2% of all households); the average family size was 3.52.

The population was spread out, with 2,407 people (32.4%) under the age of 18, 2,205 people (29.6%) aged 18 to 24, 2,682 people (36.1%) aged 25 to 44, 130 people (1.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 14 people (0.2%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 22.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 144.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 166.8 males.

There were 1,627 housing units at an average density of 386.9 /sqmi, of which 5 (0.3%) were owner-occupied, and 1,580 (99.7%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 0%; the rental vacancy rate was 2.1%. 19 people (0.3% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 5,476 people (73.6%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 5,749 people, 1,309 households, and 1,286 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,359.3 PD/sqmi. There were 1,390 housing units at an average density of 328.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 61.68% White, 10.96% African American, 1.30% Native American, 9.57% Asian, 0.77% Pacific Islander, 8.94% from other races, and 6.78% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 16.84% of the population.

There were 1,309 households, out of which 80.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 92.2% were married couples living together, 3.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 1.7% were non-families. 1.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and none had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.56 and the average family size was 3.56.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 35.4% under the age of 18, 26.4% from 18 to 24, 36.7% from 25 to 44, 1.3% from 45 to 64, and 0.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 22 years. For every 100 females, there were 138.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 158.3 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $30,449, and the median income for a family was $30,407. Males had a median income of $21,035 versus $20,144 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $12,682. About 5.7% of families and 6.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.1% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

Politics
In the state legislature, Lemoore Station is located in the 16th Senate District, which is represented by Republican Andy Vidak, and in the 32nd Assembly District, represented by Democrat Rudy Salas. Federally, Hanford is located in California's 21st congressional district and is represented by Republican David Valadao.

Lemoore Station is represented on the Kings County Board of Supervisors by Doug Verboon.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Lemoore Station, California


text:
Stratford, California

Stratford (formerly, Stratton) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Kings County, California, United States. Stratford is located 14 mi southwest of Hanford, at an elevation of 203 feet. It is part of the Hanford–Lemoore Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,277 at the 2010 census, up from 1,264 at the 2000 census.

Geography
Stratford lies near the historic shoreline of Tulare Lake. The Kings River flows through an artificial channel into the normally dry Tulare Lake bed about 10 mile south of Stratford.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Stratford has a total area of 0.7 sqmi, all of it land. Stratford is located at 36.18944°N, -119.82306°W.

History
The town was originally named Stratton in 1901 for William Stratton of the Empire Land and Water Company. The name was changed to Stratford in 1906 due to the efforts of the local women's club. The first post office at Stratford opened in 1910. From the 1930s through the 1970s, Stratford was the home of Irigaray's, a restaurant run by Mariana Irigaray and her daughter Alice, pioneering a Basque-inspired version of what would later be called California cuisine.

Many local residents are employed in agriculture, affected by the Great Recession and the California drought. Stratford has been affected by land subsidence.

In November 2016, the unemployment rate was estimated at 13.1%.

Transportation
Kings Area Regional Transit (KART) operates regularly scheduled fixed route bus service, vanpool service for commuters and Dial-A-Ride (demand response) services throughout Kings County as well as to Fresno.

Highway 41 runs north-northeast on the west side of town, connecting it with Kettleman City on the south and Lemoore on the north.

Education
Stratford Elementary School is within the Central Union School District.

Politics
In the state legislature, Stratford is located in the 14th Senate District, which is represented by Democrat Melissa Hurtado, and in the 32nd Assembly District, represented by Democrat Rudy Salas. Federally, Stratford is located in California's 21st congressional district and is represented by Democrat TJ Cox.

Stratford is represented on the Kings County Board of Supervisors by Joe Neves, a Stratford resident.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Stratford had a population of 1,277. The population density was 1,870.0 PD/sqmi. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1,069 persons (83.7%). The racial makeup of Stratford was 574 (44.9%) White, 19 (1.5%) Asian, 17 (1.3%) Native American, 16 (1.3%) African American, 1 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 617 (48.3%) from other races, and 33 (2.6%) from two or more races.

The Census reported that 1,277 people (100% of the population) lived in households. There were 312 households, of which 184 (59.0%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 206 (66.0%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 44 (14.1%) had a female householder with no husband present, 22 (7.1%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 18 (5.8%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 4 (1.3%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 31 households (9.9%) were made up of individuals, and 13 (4.2%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.09. There were 272 families (87.2% of all households); the average family size was 4.33.

433 people (33.9%) were under the age of 18, 143 people (11.2%) aged 18 to 24, 332 people (26.0%) aged 25 to 44, 277 people (21.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 92 people (7.2%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 27.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.5 males.

There were 328 housing units at an average density of 480.3 /sqmi, of which 206 (66.0%) were owner-occupied, and 106 (34.0%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.9%; the rental vacancy rate was 2.7%. 827 people (64.8% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 450 people (35.2%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 United States Census, there were 1,264 people, 292 households and 259 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,816.9 PD/sqmi. There were 311 housing units at an average density of 447.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 33.47% White, 1.19% African American, 1.98% Native American, 1.74% Asian, 0.55% Pacific Islander, 54.83% from other races, and 6.25% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 75.95% of the population.

There were 292 households, of which 64.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 74.3% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 11.0% were non-families. 8.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.33 and the average family size was 4.57.

40.8% of the population were under the age of 18, 11.7% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 15.7% from 45 to 64, and 5.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 24 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.6 males.

The median household income was $29,205 and the median family income was $35,481. Males had a median income of $33,750 versus $28,125 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $9,790. About 20.2% of families and 24.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.1% of those under age 18 and 6.9% of those age 65 or over.

title: Stratford, California


text:
Clearlake, California

Clearlake is a city in Lake County, California. Clearlake is 4.5 mi north-northwest of Lower Lake, at an elevation of 1417 ft. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 16,685, up from 15,250 in 2010. It takes its name from Clear Lake.

History
The Clearlake post office opened in 1923, "Konocti" then Clearlake Highlands until incorporation in 1981 when the official name became City of Clearlake.

The first inhabitants of Clearlake were the Pomo Indians, who named many of the area's features, including Mount Konocti. Beginning in 1821, enslavement and mistreatment by Spanish soldiers and missionaries, Mexican land barons, European settlers, and gold diggers, combined with a lack of natural immunity to European diseases, resulted in a massive wave of deaths. The result of this was massive amounts of land freed up for the white settlers who arrived during the gold rush.

Geography
Clearlake is located at 38°57'30" North, 122°37'35" West.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 10.6 sqmi, of which 10.1 sqmi is land and 0.5 sqmi is water. The total area is 4.27% water.

Climate
Clearlake has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen Csa) with hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters. Diurnal temperature variation is high, especially in the summer. Snowfall is rare.

2010
At the 2010 census Clearlake had a population of 15,250. The population density was 1,441.3 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Clearlake was 11,262 (73.8%) White, 614 (4.0%) African American, 400 (2.6%) Native American, 161 (1.1%) Asian, 27 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 1,805 (11.8%) from other races, and 981 (6.4%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3,248 persons (21.3%).

The census reported that 14,790 people (97.0% of the population) lived in households, 366 (2.4%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 94 (0.6%) were institutionalized.

There were 5,970 households, 1,859 (31.1%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 1,957 (32.8%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 1,013 (17.0%) had a female householder with no husband present, 448 (7.5%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 650 (10.9%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 71 (1.2%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 1,898 households (31.8%) were one person and 739 (12.4%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.48. There were 3,418 families (57.3% of households); the average family size was 3.11.

The age distribution was 3,656 people (24.0%) under the age of 18, 1,528 people (10.0%) aged 18 to 24, 3,384 people (22.2%) aged 25 to 44, 4,389 people (28.8%) aged 45 to 64, and 2,293 people (15.0%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 39.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.6 males.

There were 8,035 housing units at an average density of 759.4 /sqmi, of which 3,190 (39.7) were owner-occupied, 2,780 (34.6%) were occupied by renters and 2065 (25.7%) were vacant. The homeowner vacancy rate was 5.9%; the rental vacancy rate was 12.1%. 7,595 people (49.8% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 7,195 people (47.2%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 13,142 people in 5,532 households, including 3,313 families, in the city. The population density was 1,290.9 PD/sqmi. There were 7,605 housing units at an average density of 747.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 82.4% White, 5.2% Black or African American, 2.7% Native American, 1.1% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 3.7% from other races, and 4.8% from two or more races. 11.0% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 5,532 households, 26.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.1% were married couples living together, 15.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.1% were non-families. 32.9% of households were made up of individuals, and 16.1% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.96.

The age distribution was 25.8% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 23.1% from 25 to 44, 24.1% from 45 to 64, and 20.3% who were 65 or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $19,863, and the median family income was $25,504. Males had a median income of $24,694 versus $18,207 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,538. 28.6% of the population and 23.5% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 39.8% of those under the age of 18 and 8.4% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.

Government
In the state legislature, Clearlake is in, and in.

Federally, Clearlake is in.

Infrastructure
According to a 2012 road report, approximately 44% of the city's roads are unpaved, including dozens of miles of urban residential streets.

Notable people

 * Michael Berryman, actor
 * Randy Hennis, baseball player, was born in Clearlake

title: Clearlake, California


text:
Clearlake Oaks, California

Clearlake Oaks is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, California, United States. It is located on the northeast of Clear Lake, 8 miles (13.8 km) northwest of the town of Clearlake, at an elevation of 1,335 feet (407 m). The population was 2,359 at the 2010 census, down from 2,402 at the 2000 census.

History
The community was formerly named Stubbs and Clear Lake Oaks.

The site of the original town, inland of State Route 20, was subdivided by the 1920s. Situated in a broad canyon mouth, the original town site is about 4 blocks long and 3 deep, triangular in shape, with a plaza site in its center. Today the plaza is paved and used for parking by the church located along the west side. Most of the homes in the village remain true to their "fishing cottage" roots.

The Stubbs post office opened in 1926, and changed its name to Clearlake Oaks in 1935. The name Stubbs honored Charles Stubbs, a local landowner. The relocation of the post office, the aging population, and the coming of Wal-Mart have combined to kill the "downtown". In 1990, there were two markets, a chain hardware store, two gas stations, video store, salon, and several restaurants and bars. A privately operated marina had fish and ski boats for rent. But by the late nineties, Clearlake Oaks was down to one market, one convenience store, and a struggling antique store.

The park, beach, and pier were refurbished a few years back. As of 2007, the property next to the grocery store was being cleared and turned into a park, called Nylander Park after the owner of the local grocery store.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.1 sqmi, of which 2.0 sqmi is land and 0.1 sqmi (6.55%) is water.

At the 2000 census, according to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP had a total area of 3.0 sqmi, of which 3.0 sqmi was land and 0.1 sqmi (1.64%) was water.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Clearlake Oaks had a population of 2,359. The population density was 1,115.2 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Clearlake Oaks was 2,054 (87.1%) White, 54 (2.3%) African American, 45 (1.9%) Native American, 34 (1.4%) Asian, 1 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 60 (2.5%) from other races, and 111 (4.7%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 192 persons (8.1%).

The Census reported that 2,359 people (100% of the population) lived in households, 0 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 1,178 households, out of which 183 (15.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 429 (36.4%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 132 (11.2%) had a female householder with no husband present, 67 (5.7%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 91 (7.7%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 18 (1.5%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 442 households (37.5%) were made up of individuals, and 249 (21.1%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.00. There were 628 families (53.3% of all households); the average family size was 2.57.

The population was spread out, with 323 people (13.7%) under the age of 18, 120 people (5.1%) aged 18 to 24, 350 people (14.8%) aged 25 to 44, 828 people (35.1%) aged 45 to 64, and 738 people (31.3%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 54.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.7 males.

There were 1,823 housing units at an average density of 861.8 /sqmi, of which 823 (69.9%) were owner-occupied, and 355 (30.1%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 5.9%; the rental vacancy rate was 9.8%. 1,535 people (65.1% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 824 people (34.9%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,402 people, 1,194 households, and 655 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 800.7 PD/sqmi. There were 1,950 housing units at an average density of 650.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 90.01% White, 3.79% Black or African American, 1.71% Native American, 0.58% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 0.67% from other races, and 3.16% from two or more races. 6.00% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 1,194 households, out of which 15.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.0% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.1% were non-families. 38.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.01 and the average family size was 2.58.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 17.0% under the age of 18, 3.5% from 18 to 24, 17.6% from 25 to 44, 28.6% from 45 to 64, and 33.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 55 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.1 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $24,449, and the median income for a family was $30,044. Males had a median income of $30,227 versus $17,011 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $14,297. About 15.0% of families and 21.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 31.2% of those under age 18 and 9.7% of those age 65 or over.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Clearlake Oaks is in, and in.

Federally, Clearlake Oaks is in.

title: Clearlake Oaks, California


text:
Cobb, California

Cobb is a census designated place (CDP) in Lake County, California, United States. Cobb is located 1 mi northwest of Whispering Pines, at an elevation of 2,631 ft. The population was 1,778 at the 2010 census, up from 1,638 at the 2000 census.

History
The area is named for John Cobb, who settled in Cobb Valley in 1853. The first post office at Cobb opened in 1911.

2015 fire
Many of the community's homes were destroyed in September 2015 by the Valley Fire.

Geography
Cobb is located on State highway 175 at an elevation of 2600 ft.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 5.0 sqmi, of which 99.83% of it is land and 0.17% is water. The ZIP code is 95426. Lake County borders Napa County to the southeast, Sonoma County to the southwest, Mendocino County to the west and northwest, Glenn County to the northeast and Colusa and Yolo Counties to the east.

The Geysers Geothermal Field is located just south of Cobb.

Climate
This region experiences warm (but not hot) and dry summers, with no average monthly temperatures above 71.6 F. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Cobb has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csb" on climate maps.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Cobb had a population of 1,778. The population density was 356.4 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Cobb was 1,625 (91.4%) White, 14 (0.8%) African American, 31 (1.7%) Native American, 13 (0.7%) Asian, 1 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 26 (1.5%) from other races, and 68 (3.8%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 113 persons (6.4%).

The Census reported that 1,778 people (100% of the population) lived in households, 0 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 789 households, out of which 179 (22.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 422 (53.5%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 65 (8.2%) had a female householder with no husband present, 39 (4.9%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 46 (5.8%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 10 (1.3%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 208 households (26.4%) were made up of individuals, and 70 (8.9%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25. There were 526 families (66.7% of all households); the average family size was 2.68.

The population was spread out, with 305 people (17.2%) under the age of 18, 119 people (6.7%) aged 18 to 24, 337 people (19.0%) aged 25 to 44, 751 people (42.2%) aged 45 to 64, and 266 people (15.0%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.9 males.

There were 1,064 housing units at an average density of 213.3 /sqmi, of which 616 (78.1%) were owner-occupied, and 173 (21.9%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.4%; the rental vacancy rate was 8.9%. 1,369 people (77.0% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 409 people (23.0%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,638 people, 637 households, and 456 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 334.5 PD/sqmi. There were 940 housing units at an average density of 192.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 93.22% White, 0.61% Black or African American, 1.53% Native American, 0.73% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.31% from other races, and 3.54% from two or more races. 4.58% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 637 households, out of which 32.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.1% were married couples living together, 8.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.3% were non-families. 20.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 26.7% under the age of 18, 5.4% from 18 to 24, 26.2% from 25 to 44, 30.0% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.5 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $53,182, and the median income for a family was $65,938. Males had a median income of $60,473 versus $28,125 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $22,779. About 8.2% of families and 14.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.8% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

Education
On November 20, 2009, Cobb School achieved a rare and coveted California State Award, "Cobb Mountain Elementary wins Governor’s Challenge Competition Award". Cobb Mountain Elementary has an Academic Performance Index score of 881, the county's highest API score for a school, according to state records. That most recent test was a 30-point improvement over the previous year. The award brings a $100k first prize for school for enrichment.

Recreation
Cobb Mountain was a popular recreation area from the 1870s to 1970s. It is currently home to a handful of spiritual retreat centers, including The Mountain of Attention Meditation sanctuary of Adidam, and The Heart Consciousness Church Harbin Hot Springs. In 1971 Maharishi Mahesh Yogi (January 12, 1918 – February 5, 2008) introduced Transcendental Meditation (also known as TM) at a former popular resort called Hobergs. He renamed it The Capital of the Age of Enlightenment of Northern California and later The Maharishi Vedic School. Hobergs reopened in 2014 as Hoberg's Resort & Spa.

Cobb has two golf courses of 9 holes each: Cobb Mountain Golf and Adams Springs. The local Boggs Mountain Demonstration State Forest has almost 4000 acre for mountain biking, hunting, and hiking. There are several Inns, resorts, and Bed and Breakfast establishments, as well as a small shopping center with a grocery store, gas station, pizza restaurant, and coffee house.

In popular culture
Highway 175 was mentioned as the next-to-last highway ridden in the classic book Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance by Robert Pirsig.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Cobb is in, and in.

Federally, Cobb is in.

Cobb is split with two Lake County Supervisors, Rob Brown District Two and Jim Comstock District One.

title: Cobb, California


text:
Hidden Valley Lake, California

Hidden Valley Lake is a census-designated place (CDP) and gated subdivision in Lake County, California. It is a common-interest development managed by the Hidden Valley Lake Association (HVLA). Its population was 6,235 at the 2020 census, up from 5,579 at the 2010 census.

History
In October 2014, The State Water Resources Control Board ordered the Hidden Valley Lake Community Services District to stop allowing new service connections to its water system due to concerns that, under current drought conditions, the district did not have enough water to meet future demands. The district, with about 2,500 connections, is a junior water rights holder in the Sacramento River and San Joaquin River watersheds. November 2020 the water moratorium was lifted and new water rights are currently available through the District, but at a much higher price point.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 9.9 sqmi, of which, 9.7 sqmi of it is land and 0.2 sqmi of it (1.55%) is water. In the west of the town, California State Route 29 runs through the town limits.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Hidden Valley Lake had a population of 5,579. The population density was 564.2 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Hidden Valley Lake was 4,830 (86.6%) White, 63 (1.1%) African American, 80 (1.4%) Native American, 75 (1.3%) Asian, 12 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 326 (5.8%) from other races, and 193 (3.5%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 733 persons (13.1%).

The Census reported that 5,575 people (99.9% of the population) lived in households, 4 (0.1%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 2,119 households, out of which 752 (35.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 1,291 (60.9%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 206 (9.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 93 (4.4%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 155 (7.3%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 23 (1.1%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 388 households (18.3%) were made up of individuals, and 138 (6.5%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63. There were 1,590 families (75.0% of all households); the average family size was 2.98.

The population was spread out, with 1,400 people (25.1%) under the age of 18, 296 people (5.3%) aged 18 to 24, 1,413 people (25.3%) aged 25 to 44, 1,706 people (30.6%) aged 45 to 64, and 764 people (13.7%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.8 males.

There were 2,597 housing units at an average density of 262.7 /sqmi, of which 1,687 (79.6%) were owner-occupied, and 432 (20.4%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 6.1%; the rental vacancy rate was 8.2%. 4,274 people (76.6% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,301 people (23.3%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,777 people, 1,411 households, and 1,100 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 347.5 PD/sqmi. There were 1,595 housing units at an average density of 146.7 /sqmi. The ethnic or racial makeup of the CDP was 92.82% White, 0.71% Black or African American, 1.03% Native American, 0.74% Asian, 0.19% Pacific Islander, 1.77% from other races, and 2.73% from two or more races. 6.75% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 1,411 households, out of which 35.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.2% were married couples living together, 7.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.0% were non-families. 16.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 28.0% under the age of 18, 4.2% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 24.5% from 45 to 64, and 15.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.6 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $48,262, and the median income for a family was $51,763. Males had a median income of $41,278 versus $27,813 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $19,526. About 4.1% of families and 7.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.5% of those under age 18 and 4.3% of those age 65 or over.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Hidden Valley Lake is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Hidden Valley Lake is in.

Hidden Valley Lake (a.k.a. Hidden Valley Lake Association), as a CID or Homeowners Association, is a non-profit corporation under California law and is covered by the California Corporations Code and the Davis-Stirling Act. The former covers all functioning related to non-profit corporations, while the latter specifically covers homeowner associations (HOAs) in the state. There is no single state agency charged with regulating HOAs, i.e., no agency that is known to take an active role in addressing violations of the law within HOAs.

title: Hidden Valley Lake, California


text:
Kelseyville, California

Kelseyville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, California, located 6 mi southeast of Lakeport, at an elevation of 1384 ft. Its population was 3,382 according to the 2020 United States census.

Name
The area has been formerly designated by European American settlers Kelsey or Kelsey Creek, after Andrew Kelsey, one of the first Anglo-American settlers in Lake County, and his brother Benjamin Kelsey. Both men, along with Charles Stone and E.D. Shirland, acquired Salvador Vallejo's livestock in the Clear Lake area in 1847. Andrew Kelsey and Charles Stone were killed in 1849 in an uprising against him by bands of Wappo and Eastern Pomo whom they had enslaved. This episode led to the Bloody Island Massacre in May of 1850.

The town was also sometimes designated Uncle Sam after Mount Uncle Sam, the name soldiers gave to Mount Konocti when they set up camp there in 1850. The Kelseyville name first appears in records in the 1860s, the result of lobbying on the part of William and Barthena Kelsay, who arrived with the Harriman Party in Lake County in 1861, "in honor of their Kelsey cousins". Voter registration records list the town as "Kelsey" in the 1860s, and the area is designated "Kelsey Creek" in the 1870 U.S. Census while voter records list "Kelseyville" in the same decade, that name also appearing in the 1880 U.S. Census. The name was officialized by federal authorities when the Uncle Sam Post Office was renamed to Kelseyville in October 1882. Kelseyville has also been nicknamed "Peartown" for its significant pear orchards planted during the Prohibition era.

The Kelseyville name has been the source of controversy since at least the 1980s because of its association with Andrew and Ben Kelsey. Several attempts have been made through petitions to suggest a name change. In 2020, a group of local community and tribal members, Citizens for Healing, formed in order to change Kelseyville’s name. The group originally planned a petition to put the issue on the ballot (another petition was launched online in 2020, ), until they were informed of another option. The group filed a petition in October 2023 with the United States Board on Geographic Names (USBGN) requesting to rename the town “Konocti”, after the mountain dominating the town’s landscape. The California Advisory Committee on Geographic Names is expected to provide a recommendation as part of the process. The initiative has triggered opposition from another group, which has been campaigning under the “Save Kelseyville” slogan, arguing a renaming could be costly and cause confusion. A decision from the USBGN is expected in 2024.

19th century
In the centuries before Europeans arrived, the Eastern Pomo and Clear Lake Wappo (also designated as Lile'ek Wappo) people lived along the shores of Clear Lake. In addition to the fish caught in the lake and streams, they hunted waterfowl and gathered berries, seeds, clover and acorn. The Pomo and Wappo built homes and canoes of tule reeds found at the lakeshore.

Both Eastern Pomo and Clear Lake Wappo bands lived in the area now designated as Kelseyville, the Pomo concentrated along Kelsey Creek all the way to Cobb Mountain, and the Wappo along Cole Creek and on the western slope of Mount Konocti. At some point, both tribes allegedly warred when the Wappo attempted to divert fish from Kelsey Creek into Cole Creek. The Clear Lake Wappo, which were one of the tribes enslaved by Andrew Kelsey and Charles Stone, eventually disappeared from the area. The exact location of the former indigenous community of Xabenapo or Xalanapo (which according to some authors designates the people rather than the town) remains unknown, but it is estimated to have been slightly south of present-day Kelseyville proper, along Kelsey Creek. Several other names have been documented for the village itself: Nonapoti, Bidamiwina and Shabegok.

The Kelseyville area was part of Rancho Lupyomi, the land grant Californio Salvador Vallejo, Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo's brother, received in 1844 from the Mexican government. In 1847, Vallejo sold the livestock that had remained in the area to Ben and Andrew Kelsey, Charles Stone and E.D. Shirland. Andrew Kelsey and Charles Stone forced the local Indians to build them an adobe home about 3 miles from the south shore of the lake, and immediately west of Kelsey Creek, as well as and a large cattle corral. Stone and Kelsey enslaved the Pomo and Wappo people in two fenced camps they couldn't leave, forcing them to work under threat of torture and death. Many native people died of starvation and neglect. Stone and Kelsey were also known to rape native women and girls. Multiple and continuous abuse led to their killing by the indigenous population in 1849, which would lead to the Bloody Island Massacre in May of 1850.

More European American settlers established themselves in the area in the mid-1850s, after the removal of indigenous populations to rancherias and the sale of Rancho Lupyomi was challenged in court.

According to Woods Crawford, an early pioneer quoted by historian Lyman L. Palmer, the first house built in the area (besides Stone and Kelsey's adobe home, which was eventually dismantled by other settlers salvaging materials) was built in 1853 at the foot of Mount Konocti by J. Broome Smith and William Graves, the latter a Donner Party survivor.

The first blacksmith shop was reporterdly opened by a blacksmith named Benham in 1857. It was not until 1864 that a second business was opened, a store owned by T. F. Fall. That same year, another general store and a boarding house was opened by Rosenbreau and Pace.

Geography
Kelsey Creek runs through the town and ends in Clear Lake.

The Kelseyville zip code also encompasses part of Big Valley, Soda Bay, Riviera Heights, Buckingham Park, Riviera West and Kelseyville Riviera neighborhoods. The community also encompasses Clear Lake State Park and Mount Konocti County Park.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.9 sqmi, with over 99 percent of it being land.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Kelseyville had a population of 3,353. The population density was 1,159.9 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Kelseyville was 2,213 (66.0%) White, 22 (0.7%) African American, 51 (1.5%) Native American, 32 (1.0%) Asian, 2 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 888 (26.5%) from other races, and 145 (4.3%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1,337 persons (39.9%).

The Census reported that 3,349 people (99.9% of the population) lived in households, 4 (0.1%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 1,224 households, out of which 438 (35.8%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 574 (46.9%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 173 (14.1%) had a female householder with no husband present, 75 (6.1%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 80 (6.5%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 13 (1.1%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 323 households (26.4%) were made up of individuals, and 163 (13.3%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74. There were 822 families (67.2% of all households); the average family size was 3.31.

The population was spread out, with 883 people (26.3%) under the age of 18, 298 people (8.9%) aged 18 to 24, 783 people (23.4%) aged 25 to 44, 912 people (27.2%) aged 45 to 64, and 477 people (14.2%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.2 males.

There were 1,329 housing units at an average density of 459.7 /sqmi, of which 785 (64.1%) were owner-occupied, and 439 (35.9%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.7%; the rental vacancy rate was 7.0%. 1,992 people (59.4% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,357 people (40.5%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,928 people, 1,095 households, and 724 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 905.5 PD/sqmi. There were 1,175 housing units at an average density of 363.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 76.98% White, 0.14% Black or African American, 2.66% Native American, 0.89% Asian, 14.58% from other races, and 4.75% from two or more races. 28.76% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 1,095 households, out of which 33.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.9% were married couples living together, 14.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.8% were non-families. 27.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.24.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 28.4% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 26.7% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 16.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.8 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $24,363, and the median income for a family was $28,958. Males had a median income of $26,758 versus $20,036 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $15,651. About 12.8% of families and 15.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.7% of those under age 18 and 11.1% of those age 65 or over.

Economy
Kelseyville is part of the North Coast American Viticultural Area. The Kelseyville area also includes parts of the Big Valley District, Kelsey Bench and Red Hills AVAs. Other notable crops include walnuts, pears, olives, and cannabis. The community is home to the largest producer of organic saffron in California, Peace and Plenty Farm., as well as the Konocti Harbor Resort & Spa.

Kelseyville is also home to several wineries, an olive mill, packing facilities, as well as to Stokes Ladders, an orchard and industrial ladder manufacturer. Several wine tasting rooms and a brewpub are located in downtown Kelseyville.

Since 1993, the town hosts the annual Kelseyville Pear Festival on the last Saturday in September.

Governance
In the California State Legislature, Kelseyville is in, and in.

Federally, Kelseyville is in.

Kelseyville is served by the Kelseyville Fire District, headquartered at station 55, on the town's Main Street.

Education
Public education in Kelseyville is facilitated by the Kelseyville Unified School District (KVUSD), which includes Kelseyville Elementary, Monte Vista Middle School and Kelseyville High School. Shade Canyon Public Charter School opened in 2023 in Kelseyville, providing instruction from kindergarten through second grade, with plans to add a grade each year.

Stone and Kelsey Home
The site of the adobe home Charles Stone and Andrew Kelsey forced local Native Americans to build them in the 1840s is located at the corner of Main Street and Bell Hill Road, immediately west of Kelsey Creek. Nothing is left of the home, which materials were salvavged by later white settlers. Stone and Kelsey's remains are under the monument, which is designated as California Historical Landmark No. 426.

The Brick Tavern
Located at the corner of Main and Third Streets, the Brick Tavern, also known as the Brick House or the Kelseyville Tavern, was built in 1872 by Steve Tucker, possibly using bricks made from the kiln at the Sulphur Bank Mine across Clear Lake. Over the years, it served as a carriage stop, a hotel, a bar, a restaurant and a school, among other uses. It currently hosts an eponymously named saloon as well as a pizzeria. It was designated in 1961 as the "oldest commercial building" by the Lake County Historical Society and the Kelseyville Womens Club.

Gas Hill
Nowadays only marked by a sign atop a knoll along the southern stretch of Main Street, Gas Hill was the site of a natural gas pocket accidentally discovered in 1868 when digging a well. A match thrown into the hole triggered an explosion. Over the following decades, several successive owners attempted to commercialize the resource, but none succeeded.

Media
The first newspaper in Kelseyville was The New Era, published in 1890. In 1901, The Kelseyville Sun was started by McEwen & McEwen. In 1912, they sold The Sun to E. E. Bryant. The Sun publication ceased in 1942.

title: Kelseyville, California


text:
Lakeport, California

Lakeport is an incorporated city and the county seat of Lake County, California. This city is 125 mi northwest of Sacramento. Lakeport is on the western shore of Clear Lake, at an elevation of 1355 ft. The population was 5,026 at the 2020 census, up from 4,753 at the 2010 census.

History
Former names include Forbestown, Rocky Point, Stony Point, Tuckertown, and Kaci-Badon.

Lakeport was first settled by American Indians several thousand years ago. At the coming of the settlers, the Kabe-napos, a subtribe of the Pomo people, lived here within their main village. The village name was Kaci-Badon, after the water lily plant Kaci, and badon, which was the native name for 'island'.

The first business in Lakeport was established in 1855, trading goods to the local Indians in exchange for their wares and baskets. The business was run by a man named Johnson, but he did not have a store location. The first shop built in the Lakeport area was constructed by Dr. Boynton.

It was William Forbes and James Parrish, however, who created the first shop in the main Lakeport area. Parish was a blacksmith and Forbes was a wagon maker. Forbes was also a pioneer undertaker. It was this investment as well as the land grant Forbes bestowed upon the county, which earned Lakeport its first name: Forbestown.

William Forbes came to the area in 1858. He purchased 160 acre on which to build his home and farm. When the county was investigating land to put the local county seat, Forbes offered 40 acre of his property on which they could build the county office. The electorate thanked Forbes for his generosity by naming the town after him. Although the town no longer bears his name, other landmarks still retain their name association to the late William Forbes.

On June 14, 1861, Forbestown was officially renamed to Lakeport. Some locations still bear the Forbes name, however, such as Forbes Creek and Forbes Street.

In 1850, Captain Nathaniel Lyon led an attack in the Bloody Island Massacre. Lyon later died fighting for the Union in the Civil War.

The first post office, called Big Valley, opened at the site in 1858, and changed its name to Lakeport in 1861.

The first Lakeport courthouse was built of wood in 1861. The building burnt under suspicious circumstances in 1867.

In 1864, the Cache Creek Dam was built. Four years later, the locals tore down the dam and destroyed the mills it helped operate, after waters diverted by the dam flooded most of Lower Lake and Anderson Ranch.

In 1872, a sighting of the legendary "Monster of Blue Lakes" or "Devil Fish" caused Indians from all around to gather at Temescal to await an expected calamity.

In 1882, Black Bart robbed the stagecoach traveling between Lakeport and Cloverdale. During this time period, over 450 Chinese immigrants were employed to work the area's quicksilver mines.

In 1883, William "Digger" Jones was hanged at Lakeport jail. He was wrongfully hanged two days after the sheriff had received a pardon for him.

In 1888, Lakeport was incorporated. For nearly a century, it was the only incorporated city in Lake County.

In 1892, Lakeport got its first telephone.

Geography

Lakeport is located at 39.04306°N, -122.91583°W. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.2 sqmi, of which 3.1 sqmi of it is land and 0.1 sqmi of it (4.39%) is water.

The Lakeport area is located on a sediment-filled valley adjacent to Clear Lake. Exposed materials within the area are limited to serpentinite and quaternary sediments. These sediments are poorly consolidated to unconsolidated mixtures of sand, silt, clay, and gravel derived from older rock in the adjacent mountains. Because of the low strength of the quaternary sediments, they are subject to rapid erosion and shallow slumping.

The majority of faults in the County are located in the Cobb Mountain area and Hopland Grade area running southeasterly to the southern County line. The southeastern portion of the County also appears to have considerable earthquake faults. There are also active faults within the vicinity of the City of Lakeport, including the San Andreas Fault which is 30 mi to the west, and the Healdsburg Fault which is 15 mi to the west. These faults have been responsible for moderate to major earthquakes in the past. The maximum creditable earthquake magnitudes are 8.25 for the San Andreas fault and 6.75 for the Healdsburg fault.

There is a potentially active rupture zone (defined as a fault that has been active during quaternary time – the last 2,000,000 years) existing immediately east of the City limits running parallel and adjacent to the shoreline of Clear Lake. Within the past 200 years, no major potentially damaging earthquakes have occurred along any faults within Lake County, including the Big Valley fault adjacent to the eastern City boundaries. Geologically, recent faulting is indicated, however, by the apparent displacement of quaternary earth materials along the Big Valley fault.

The largest earthquake to affect the City was the 1906 San Francisco earthquake which had a magnitude of 8.3. Although shaking was severe, overall damage in Lakeport was comparatively minor and generally limited to the fall of decorative masonry and chimneys.

The city relies on wells for the majority of its potable supply. In periods of high rainfall, flooding from Clear Lake, Scotts Creek and Forbes Creek, has caused historic property damage.

Climate
Lakeport, like all of the Clear Lake area, has hot, mostly dry summers and cool, wet winters. The average January temperatures are a maximum of 53.4 F and a minimum of 31.5 F. The average July temperatures are a maximum of 94.4 F and a minimum of 53.0 F.  There are an average of 77.5 days with highs of 90 F or higher and an average of 75.5 days with lows of 32 F.  The record high temperature was 112 F on August 10, 1971, and September 13, 1972. The record low temperature was 9 F on December 9, 1972. Its climate can be classified as hot-summer Mediterranean climate according to the Köppen climate classification system.

Average annual precipitation is 28.36 in. There are an average of 66 days with measurable precipitation. The wettest year was 1973 with 44.50 in and the driest year was 2013. The most precipitation in one month was 19.62 in in February 1986. The most precipitation in 24 hours was 5.43 in on December 10, 1937.

Snow is relatively rare in Lakeport, but common in the surrounding mountains. Average annual snowfall is 1.0 in. The most snow in one month was 15.0 in in January 1937.

2010
At the 2010 census Lakeport had a population of 4,753. The population density was 1,486.0 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Lakeport was 3,932 (82.7%) White, 46 (1.0%) African American, 147 (8.1%) Native American, 99 (2.1%) Asian, 5 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 337 (7.1%) from other races, and 187 (3.9%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 799 people (16.8%).

The census reported that 4,616 people (97.1% of the population) lived in households, 11 (0.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 126 (2.7%) were institutionalized.

There were 2,002 households, 563 (28.1%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 803 (40.1%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 260 (13.0%) had a female householder with no husband present, 110 (5.5%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 177 (8.8%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 16 (0.8%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 665 households (33.2%) were one person and 328 (16.4%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.31. There were 1,173 families (58.6% of households); the average family size was 2.93.

The age distribution was 1,031 people (21.7%) under the age of 18, 352 people (7.4%) aged 18 to 24, 1,033 people (21.7%) aged 25 to 44, 1,384 people (29.1%) aged 45 to 64, and 953 people (20.1%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 44.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.8 males.

There were 2,395 housing units at an average density of 748.8 per square mile, of the occupied units 1,198 (59.8%) were owner-occupied and 804 (40.2%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 5.1%; the rental vacancy rate was 8.4%. 2,661 people (56.0% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,955 people (41.1%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 4,820 people in 1,967 households, including 1,233 families, in the city. The population density was 1,799.8 PD/sqmi. There were 2,394 housing units at an average density of 893.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 88.7% White, 0.8% African American, 2.0% Native American, 1.5% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 3.5% from other races, and 3.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11.5%.

Of the 1,967 households 29.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.7% were married couples living together, 12.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.3% were non-families. 31.0% of households were one person and 16.2% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.93.

The age distribution was 24.5% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 24.7% from 25 to 44, 22.8% from 45 to 64, and 21.0% 65 or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.7 males.

The median household income was $32,226 and the median family income was $37,900. Males had a median income of $36,719 versus $25,089 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,215. About 13.5% of families and 15.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.9% of those under age 18 and 5.6% of those age 65 or over.

Given the fact that the Lakeport area has an economy that is based somewhat on agricultural activities occurring in the Big Valley and Scotts Valley area which involve the growing and harvesting of food and nut crops as well as the increasing wine industry, there are a significant number of transient and seasonal farm workers. The need for housing, health care services, child care, and other services is clearly evident in this segment of the population. Insufficient data is available to quantify the total number of seasonal or transient farm laborers that are living or working in the Lakeport area.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Lakeport is in, and in.

Federally, Lakeport is in.

title: Lakeport, California


text:
Lower Lake, California

Lower Lake (formerly Grantville) is a census-designated place (CDP) in the southern Clear Lake region of Lake County, in northern California. Lower Lake is also an Indian rancheria of the Koi Nation people.

Geography
Lower Lake is located 4.5 miles (7.2 km) southwest of the City of Clearlake, and 13 mi southeast of Kelseyville. It is at an elevation of 1371 ft. Lower Lake was at one point the county seat; the Lake County elections of 1867 were hotly contested, with the seat moving between what is now the city of Lakeport and the town of Lower Lake. In 1870, the feud was settled and Lakeport controlled the seat. Although some believe the seat was stolen from Lower Lake, it has remained in Lakeport for over a century and is no longer a topic of concern for locals. At the 2000 census, according to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP had a total area of 7.9 sqmi, of which 7.9 sqmi was land and 0.1 sqmi (0.88%) was water.

History
Lower Lake was founded by E. Mitchell in 1858 as Grantville. He built the first house there. The settlement's first post office was opened in 1858.

The population was 1,294 at the 2010 census, down from 1,755 at the 2000 census.

The Clayton Fire started on August 12, 2016 in areas of Lake County not burned in the Valley and Rocky Point Jerusalem Fires which ravaged Lake County in the summer of 2015. On Sunday afternoon, August 14, 2016, all residents of the town were evacuated and fire razed large parts of the downtown and other areas of Lower Lake, including Copsey Creek Way. Many residents lost everything they had.

Lower Lake Stone Jail
The historic Lower Lake Stone Jail was built in 1876 in Lower Lake, from locally quarried stone. It is reputedly the smallest jail in the United States.

2010
At the 2010 census Lower Lake had a population of 1,294. The population density was 480.8 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Lower Lake was 1,031 (79.7%) White, 20 (1.5%) African American, 18 (1.4%) Native American, 13 (1.0%) Asian, 1 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 125 (9.7%) from other races, and 86 (6.6%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 219 people (16.9%).

The census reported that 1,291 people (99.8% of the population) lived in households, 3 (0.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and no one was institutionalized.

There were 552 households, 146 (26.4%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 216 (39.1%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 74 (13.4%) had a female householder with no husband present, 32 (5.8%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 40 (7.2%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 2 (0.4%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 190 households (34.4%) were one person and 73 (13.2%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.34. There were 322 families (58.3% of households); the average family size was 2.99.

The age distribution was 259 people (20.0%) under the age of 18, 96 people (7.4%) aged 18 to 24, 254 people (19.6%) aged 25 to 44, 449 people (34.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 236 people (18.2%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 46.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.2 males.

There were 705 housing units at an average density of 261.9 per square mile, of the occupied units 389 (70.5%) were owner-occupied and 163 (29.5%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 6.2%; the rental vacancy rate was 13.7%. 938 people (72.5% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 353 people (27.3%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 1,755 people, 716 households, and 458 families in the CDP. The population density was 223.3 PD/sqmi. There were 869 housing units at an average density of 110.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 84.44% White, 1.71% African American, 2.05% Native American, 0.63% Asian, 0.40% Pacific Islander, 5.58% from other races, and 5.19% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11.05%.

Of the 716 households 25.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.5% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.9% were non-families. 27.5% of households were one person and 12.2% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.97.

The age distribution was 23.2% under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 22.3% from 25 to 44, 27.2% from 45 to 64, and 19.4% 65 or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.0 males.

The median household income was $24,974 and the median family income was $29,896. Males had a median income of $38,750 versus $21,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $13,516. About 9.9% of families and 12.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.0% of those under age 18 and 5.4% of those age 65 or over.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Lower Lake is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Lower Lake is in.

title: Lower Lake, California


text:
Lucerne, Lake County, California

Lucerne (formerly Clear Lake Beach, located in the area called Sikom by the Eastern Pomo) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, California, United States. Lucerne is located 7.25 mi east-northeast of Lakeport, at an elevation of 1329 feet (405 m). The population was 235 in 1871, 2,870 at the 2000 census and 3,067 at the 2010 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 5.0 sqmi, of which, over 99% is land.

At the 2000 census, according to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP had a total area of 19.5 sqmi, of which, 6.1 sqmi of it was land and 13.4 sqmi of it (68.67%) was water.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Lucerne had a population of 3,067. The population density was 614.9 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Lucerne was 2,581 (84.2%) White, 60 (2.0%) African American, 105 (3.4%) Native American, 26 (0.8%) Asian, 9 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 94 (3.1%) from other races, and 192 (6.3%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 367 persons (12.0%).

The Census reported that 3,032 people (98.9% of the population) lived in households, 35 (1.1%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 1,372 households, out of which 308 (22.4%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 454 (33.1%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 183 (13.3%) had a female householder with no husband present, 78 (5.7%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 165 (12.0%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 14 (1.0%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 498 households (36.3%) were made up of individuals, and 235 (17.1%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21. There were 715 families (52.1% of all households); the average family size was 2.81.

The population was spread out, with 554 people (18.1%) under the age of 18, 245 people (8.0%) aged 18 to 24, 593 people (19.3%) aged 25 to 44, 1,020 people (33.3%) aged 45 to 64, and 655 people (21.4%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.8 males.

There were 1,833 housing units at an average density of 367.5 /sqmi, of which 848 (61.8%) were owner-occupied, and 524 (38.2%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.8%; the rental vacancy rate was 8.0%. 1,736 people (56.6% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,296 people (42.3%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,870 people, 1,325 households, and 744 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 469.8 PD/sqmi. There were 1,814 housing units at an average density of 296.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 87.87% White, 1.67% African American, 3.14% Native American, 0.42% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 3.41% from other races, and 3.38% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.54% of the population.

There were 1,325 households, out of which 20.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.8% were married couples living together, 10.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43.8% were non-families. 36.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.16 and the average family size was 2.78.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 20.8% under the age of 18, 4.9% from 18 to 24, 20.5% from 25 to 44, 28.3% from 45 to 64, and 25.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.3 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $24,969, and the median income for a family was $27,656. Males had a median income of $26,612 versus $20,227 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $13,396. About 13.7% of families and 15.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.2% of those under age 18 and 10.2% of those age 65 or over.

1871
In 1919 Edward W. Gifford was able to create a "remarkable" census of the village which the Eastern Pomo called Sikom, through the memory of Jim Pumpkin, who was able to recall "the names and kin relations of every house ... Sikom was made up of 20 dwellings, all but two of which were occupied by two, and sometimes four, families grouped around 48 fires. These 20 houses held a total of 235 individuals."

Government
In the California State Legislature, Lucerne is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Lucerne is in.

Lucerne is in Lake County District 3, represented by supervisor E.J. Crandell.

title: Lucerne, Lake County, California


text:
Middletown, California

Middletown is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, California, United States. Its population was 725 at the 2020 census down from 1,323 at the 2010 census, which was up slightly from 1,020 at the 2000 census. Middletown was given its name because it is halfway between Lower Lake and Calistoga, which is 17 mi to the south. The town was severely damaged by the 2015 Valley Fire.

History
At one time, the community was known as Middle Station, and was a halfway point on the stagecoach route over Mt. St. Helena from Calistoga to Lower Lake. The first house was built at the site by J.H. Berry in 1870. The town began in 1871. The Middleton post office opened in 1871 and changed its name to Middletown in 1875. Middletown enjoyed a robust quicksilver (mercury) mining industry through the end of the 19th century. By the early 1900s, cattle and sheep ranching were prominent, along with some limited pear and walnut production. A resort economy sprung up around the various natural springs, and the area around Middletown attracted vacationers from the Bay Area through the 1950s. Many of the resorts closed in the 1960s. In the 1970s and early 1980s, exploitation of nearby geothermal energy resources brought an influx of workers into the local economy. Electrical power plants powered by "steam wells" were built in the mountains above Middletown. As housing prices in the Bay Area increased in the late 20th century, Middletown and nearby Hidden Valley Lake enjoyed a population boom as commuters moved to the Middletown area looking for affordable housing. Nearby tourism includes Harbin Hot Springs and the Twin Pine Casino located on the local Rancheria south of the town. A large resort, 2 miles southeast of town, was proposed in 2020, consisting of low-density residential development, preserved open space, retail space, restaurants, and several boutique hotels.

2015 Valley Fire
In the late afternoon and early evening hours of September 12, 2015, about half the town, including city blocks, commercial buildings and an apartment complex, was destroyed by the fast-moving Valley Fire. The town was directly in the path of the advancing fire, and suffered a "devastating blow".

2019 Kincade Fire
The 2019 Kincade Fire started in Sonoma County and at some point prompted mandatory evacuations in Lake County.

Geography
Middletown has an elevation of 1,099 feet (335 m). According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.8 sqmi, all of it land.

Climate
This region experiences hot and dry summers, with average summer monthly temperatures above 97 F. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Middletown has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated Csb on climate maps.

2010
At the 2010 census Middletown had a population of 1,323. The population density was 717.4 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Middletown was 985 (74.5%) White, 5 (0.4%) African American, 28 (2.1%) Native American, 18 (1.4%) Asian, 0 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 225 (17.0%) from other races, and 62 (4.7%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 413 people (31.2%).

The census reported that 1,317 people (99.5% of the population) lived in households, 6 (0.5%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and no one was institutionalized.

There were 508 households; 189 (37.2%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 223 (43.9%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 72 (14.2%) had a female householder with no husband present, 41 (8.1%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 36 (7.1%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 4 (0.8%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 140 households (27.6%) consisted of a single person and 52 (10.2%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.59. There were 336 families (66.1% of households); the average family size was 3.15.

The age distribution was 376 people (28.4%) under the age of 18, 114 people (8.6%) aged 18 to 24, 309 people (23.4%) aged 25 to 44, 374 people (28.3%) aged 45 to 64, and 150 people (11.3%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 37.4 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.2 males.

There were 557 housing units at an average density of 302.0 per square mile; of the occupied units, 251 (49.4%) were owner-occupied and 257 (50.6%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.8% and the rental vacancy rate was 4.1%. 659 people (49.8% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 658 people (49.7%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 1,020 people, 392 households, and 263 families in the CDP. The population density was 395.6 PD/sqmi. There were 427 housing units at an average density of 165.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 83.73% White, 0.39% African American, 1.86% Native American, 1.67% Asian, 0.69% Pacific Islander, 8.24% from other races, and 3.43% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 22.84%.

Of the 392 households 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.4% were married couples living together, 12.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.7% were non-families. 24.0% of households were one person and 10.2% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.05.

The age distribution was 26.6% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 26.9% from 25 to 44, 23.9% from 45 to 64, and 15.2% 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 110.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.2 males.

The median household income was $35,278 and the median family income was $38,571. Males had a median income of $33,214 versus $26,515 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $14,135. About 21.2% of families and 20.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.1% of those under age 18 and 28.3% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Middletown Unified School District serves as the Middletown and Hidden Valley Lake area's school district. Middletown High School and Middletown Middle School share a campus. Middletown Adventist School is a Christian elementary school also in the area.

Tourist attractions
Harbin Hot Springs, a New Age retreat center with spring pools, conference facilities, daily activities and classes, is located northwest of town. The Hot Springs were decimated by the 2015 California wildfires.

The Middletown Rancheria, an Indian reservation of Pomo, Lake Miwok, Wappo, and Wintu, is located just south of town and is home to a tribal casino as well as a tribal gas station which brings in people from around the area for its low prices.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Middletown is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Middletown is in.

Lake County is divided into five supervisorial districts, and Middletown is in District 1. As of January 2017, Jose "Moke" Simon is the supervisor for District 1.

title: Middletown, California


text:
Nice, California

Nice is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, California, United States. Nice is located 4.5 mi southeast of Upper Lake, at an elevation of 1362 feet (415 m). The population was 2,731 at the 2010 census, up from 2,509 at the 2000 census.

History
The town was originally called Clear Lake Villas, until Charles William Bayne renamed the place after his former hometown, Nice, France, around 1930. The Nice post office opened in 1930.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.7 sqmi, all of it land.

2010
At the 2010 census Nice had a population of 2,731. The population density was 1,580.9 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Nice was 2,187 (80.1%) White, 65 (2.4%) African American, 159 (5.8%) Native American, 42 (1.5%) Asian, 7 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 123 (4.5%) from other races, and 148 (5.4%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 384 people (14.1%).

The census reported that 2,719 people (99.6% of the population) lived in households, 6 (0.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 6 (0.2%) were institutionalized.

There were 1,234 households, 291 (23.6%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 428 (34.7%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 160 (13.0%) had a female householder with no husband present, 88 (7.1%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 147 (11.9%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 12 (1.0%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 437 households (35.4%) were one person and 165 (13.4%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.20. There were 676 families (54.8% of households); the average family size was 2.79.

The age distribution was 505 people (18.5%) under the age of 18, 238 people (8.7%) aged 18 to 24, 549 people (20.1%) aged 25 to 44, 926 people (33.9%) aged 45 to 64, and 513 people (18.8%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 46.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.9 males.

There were 1,652 housing units at an average density of 956.3 per square mile, of the occupied units 711 (57.6%) were owner-occupied and 523 (42.4%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.7%; the rental vacancy rate was 7.6%. 1,489 people (54.5% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,230 people (45.0%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 2,509 people, 1,142 households, and 649 families in the CDP. The population density was 1,134.3 PD/sqmi. There were 1,672 housing units at an average density of 755.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 87.29% White, 2.15% African American, 4.90% Native American, 0.44% Asian, 0.24% Pacific Islander, 1.83% from other races, and 3.15% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.65%.

Of the 1,142 households 22.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.1% were married couples living together, 13.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43.1% were non-families. 35.6% of households were one person and 15.1% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.18 and the average family size was 2.79.

The age distribution was 23.1% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 22.2% from 25 to 44, 27.1% from 45 to 64, and 21.7% 65 or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.2 males.

The median household income was $24,340 and the median family income was $28,358. Males had a median income of $29,444 versus $18,725 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $13,173. About 16.1% of families and 25.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 43.3% of those under age 18 and 5.2% of those age 65 or over.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Nice is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Nice is in.

title: Nice, California