text:
Leeds, Alabama

Leeds is a tricounty municipality located in Jefferson, St. Clair, and Shelby Counties in the State of Alabama; it is an eastern suburb of Birmingham. As of the 2020 census, its population was 12,324.

Leeds was founded in 1877, during the final years of the post-Civil War Reconstruction Era. It housed the workers and their families of Lehigh, a Portland cement manufacturing plant.

Named, "The City of Valor" due to three Congressional Medal of Honor recipients, from World War II and the Korean War, who called Leeds home: Alford McLaughlin, William Lawley and Henry "Red" Erwin. A wall in the Leeds Historical Society's Jonathan Bass House Museum is dedicated to the city's three Medal of Honor winners. In spring 2023, Chip Wise, the Leeds High School Band Director, composed an original piece titled, “City of Valor” meant to honor the three Congressional Medal of Honor recipients. In October 2023, the Pearl Harbor National Memorial invited Wise and his marching band to perform the piece at Pearl Harbor on March 26, 2024.

History
The War of 1812, geography, geology, and three cultures shaped the history of Leeds. Lying at the crossroads of ancient Native American paths in the center of Alabama, Leeds drew European settlers and their African-American slaves to a land of fertile growing seasons and rich sources of coal and mineral ore. The early settlers built churches and schools with many remaining in Cedar Grove, Oak Ridge, Ohanafeefee, and Mt. Pleasant. The principal survey of Leeds was entered into Jefferson County Map Book 10, page 21, in 1908. The settlement, dating to 1818 and incorporating on April 27, 1887 as "Leeds", has existed along the banks of the Little Cahaba River; beside an historic stagecoach route; and along two large railroads for the greater part of American history.

James Hamilton, a Scottish-Irish American veteran of the War of 1812 and first sheriff of Shelby County, settled in Cedar Grove in 1816. John Richard Ingram Pashal Stewart, a Cherokee English teacher and American veteran of the War of 1812, settled at Ohanafeefee Village around 1840. At Oak Ridge in 1820 or 1821, European settlers formed Shiloh Cumberland Presbyterian Church, the first CPC congregation in middle Alabama. By 1887, the original railroad pioneers included free African-American settlers who came to work at the Leeds cement plant and the Central of Georgia as the Georgia Pacific railroads. Some gravitated to historic Mt. Pleasant Church, where a handful of freed slaves had founded Scott City; Hillard Holley, Ciscero Davis, Jeff Harris, and Bill Johnson started Leeds Negro/Primary School in 1921.

Government
Leeds, named after Leeds, Yorkshire, England was incorporated on April 27, 1887. The City of Leeds operates under a Mayor-Council form of government. The mayor, elected to a four-year term, heads the executive branch of city government. The current Mayor, David Miller, was elected to his 1st term, in October 2012, by almost a 2:1 margin. The city council members are also elected to four-year terms. Council members are elected to represent the city's five districts, and the mayor is elected at-large. The current five-member city council members are Kenneth Washington (District 1), Eric G. Turner (District 2), Johnny G. Dutton (District 3), Angie Latta (District 4) and DeVoris Ragland-Pierce (District 5).

In 2023, Mayor Miller announced a new Downtown Leeds Revitalization Project with Alabama's Department of Transportation, ALDOT, which will develop new ADA compliant sidewalks and lighting throughout the city for the enjoyment of residents and tourists. ALDOT and federal funds will pay for 80% of the project, with the City providing the remaining 20%. The project will break ground in 2024.

Folklore
The tale of John Henry was believed to have originated in Leeds. In this folk story, John Henry, the "steel-drivin' man", races and wins against a steam engine in the laying of railroad that penetrates the Oak Mountain Tunnel in Leeds. Retired chemistry professor and folklorist John Garst, of the University of Georgia, has argued that the contest happened at the Coosa Mountain Tunnel or the Oak Mountain Tunnel of the Columbus and Western Railway (now part of Norfolk Southern Railway) in Leeds on September 20, 1887.

Based on documentation that corresponds with the account of C.C. Spencer, who claimed in the 1920s to have witnessed the contest, Garst speculates that John Henry may have been a man named Henry who was born a slave to P.A.L. Dabney, the father of the chief engineer of that railroad, in 1850. Since 2007, the city of Leeds has honored John Henry's legend during an annual festival held on the third weekend in September, the Leeds Downtown Folk Festival and John Henry Celebration.

Geography
Leeds is located at 33.54556°N, -86.5575°W (33.545592, -86.557388), primarily within Jefferson County.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 22.5 sqmi, of which 0.2 sqmi (0.67%) is covered by water.

The city is located east of Birmingham along Interstate 20, which runs north of the city. Access to the city is available from exits 140 and 144. Via I-20, downtown Birmingham is 18 mi west, and Atlanta is east 129 mi. U.S. Route 411 begins in the city from its junction with U.S. Route 78. US 411 leads northeast 5 mi to Moody.

In November 2019, the Alabama Political Reporter announced that the Superfund site at Interstate Lead Co. in Leeds was at risk due to flood hazards associated with climate change.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, 12,324 people, 4,792 households, and 3,388 families were residing in the city.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, 11,773 people and 4,818 households lived in the city. The population density was 514.9 people per square mile. The 5,221 housing units had an average density of 205.2 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 78.7% White, 14.3% African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.6% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, and 2.0% from two or more races. About 6.6% of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 4,818 households, 21.9% had children under 18 living with them, 52% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.5% were not families. about 14.8% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.48. In the city, the age distribution included 21.9% under 18 and 14.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median income for a household in the city was $44,149. The per capita income for the city was $22,716. About 14.6% of the population was below the poverty line.

Education
Leeds is served by the Leeds City School District.

In 2009, the City of Leeds Board of Education authorized the construction of two new schools - Leeds Middle School and Leeds High School. Construction began in 2009. The board also authorized the renovations of and additions to Leeds Elementary School, which began in 2008. These renovations included an expanded office and a new awning around the front of the school.

In 2013, Leeds Elementary School gained attention for asking parents for permission to administer corporal punishment to their children. Alabama is one of 19 states that allow corporal punishment in schools, and ranks third in the rate of students subjected to physical punishment.

Leeds Primary School was constructed in 2016 to house prekindergarten through second grade to ease overcrowding at its elementary school. The school opened that same year.

On December 4, 2008, the Leeds High School Greenwave football team won the Class 3A AHSAA state football championship and finished the year 15–0. On February 28, 2009, the Greenwave basketball team won the 3A AHSAA state basketball championship. On December 6, 2010, the Greenwave football team won the Class 3A AHSAA state football championship and finishing the year 15–0. On December 5, 2014, the Greenwave football team won the Class 4A AHSAA state football championship and finished the year 14–1. On December 5, 2015, the Greenwave football team won the 4A AHSAA state football championship and finished the year 14–1. On February 14, 2015, the Greenwave wrestling team won the Class 1A-5A AHSAA state wrestling championship. The Leeds High School track and field team has won several state championships. The 2007 Leeds High School softball team won the 3A state championship after winning six straight games from the loser's bracket.

On September 30, 2023, Leeds High School's "Pride of the Greenwave" Marching Band participated in the Pinson Valley Pride of the Valley Marching Contest receiving Superior ratings for Drum Major, Drum Line, Color Guard, and Band. In addition, they were awarded Best in Class (2A) - Drum Line and Best in Class (2A) - Band.

Notable people

 * Rebecca Bace, computer security expert and pioneer in intrusion detection
 * Charles Barkley, Basketball Hall of Famer
 * Chandler Champion, Miss Alabama (2013)
 * Henry E. Erwin, U.S. Army Air Forces, Medal of Honor recipient, World War II
 * Kenneth L. Farmer, Jr., U.S. Army major general (retired); U.S. Army deputy surgeon general and Army chief of staff, Medical Command
 * Nathan Glick, artist and illustrator
 * Caitlín R. Kiernan, author and paleontologist
 * William R. Lawley, Jr., U.S. Army Air Forces, Medal of Honor recipient, World War II
 * Harry Lee, former Canadian Football League player
 * Mark Martin, cartoonist
 * Alford L. McLaughlin, U.S. Marine Corps, Medal of Honor recipient, Korean War
 * Harry Walker, Major League Baseball player and manager, two-time All Star and 1947 NL batting champion
 * Dixie Walker (pitcher) (Ewart Gladstone Walker), Major League Baseball player, father of Dixie Walker (Fred E Walker, Sr.) and Harry Walker

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Leeds, Alabama


text:
Lipscomb, Alabama

Lipscomb is a city in western Jefferson County, Alabama. It is part of the Birmingham, Alabama, metropolitan area. At the 2020 census, the population was 2,086.

It does not have its own U.S. Post Office or ZIP code, instead sharing the Bessemer ZIP code (35020).

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.1 sqmi, all land.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 2,086 people, 737 households, and 391 families residing in the city.

2010 census
At the 2010 census, there were 2,210 people, 812 households, and 554 families living in the town. The population density was 2,009.1 PD/sqmi. There were 950 housing units at an average density of 863.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 61.0% Black or African American, 22.0% White, 1.1% Native American, 0.0% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 15.0% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. 19.7% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 812 households 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 33.5% were married couples living together, 28.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.8% were non-families. 27.6% of households were one person and 12.4% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.31.

The age distribution was 26.5% under the age of 18, 9.5% from 18 to 24, 26.2% from 25 to 44, 26.0% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% 65 or older. The median age was 34.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.7 males.

The median household income was $27,600 and the median family income was $45,000. Males had a median income of $32,261 versus $19,965 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,892. About 13.5% of families and 15.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.9% of those under age 18 and 22.4% of those age 65 or over.

2000 census
At the 2000 census, there were 2,458 people, 901 households, and 634 families living in the town. The population density was 2,163.6 PD/sqmi. There were 1,108 housing units at an average density of 975.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 32.55% White, 65.58% Black or African American, 0.28% Native American, 0.04% Asian, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 0.94% from other races, and 0.49% from two or more races. 2.24% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 901 households 35.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.4% were married couples living together, 23.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.6% were non-families. 26.4% of households were one person and 9.8% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.35.

The age distribution was 30.1% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 29.9% from 25 to 44, 21.0% from 45 to 64, and 10.5% 65 or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.2 males.

The median household income was $30,865 and the median family income was $35,556. Males had a median income of $26,908 versus $21,150 for females. The per capita income for the town was $13,582. About 15.9% of families and 16.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.7% of those under age 18 and 16.4% of those age 65 or over.

History
The city of Lipscomb was first incorporated on June 30, 1910, and was named for L. Y. Lipscomb, one of three brothers who first settled in the area in 1885. As early as the 1880s, the community was called Wheeling and the town had 200-300 residents by 1906. The community was originally named after Wheeling, West Virginia because the owners of Woodward Iron Company, who employed many of the residents, also had business interests in that state. Y. L. Lipscomb ran a general store on the old South Bessemer car line which opened in 1890, though the first settlers actually came to the area in the 1830s, when Vincent Loveless established his farm in the area. The first church was established in the area in June 1834 when a log structure was built named Union Baptist Church which sat on the site of the present church.

Notable person

 * Virginia Hill was a Chicago Outfit courier and was famous for being the steady girlfriend of mobster Bugsy Siegel.

title: Lipscomb, Alabama


text:
Maytown, Alabama

Maytown is a town in Jefferson County, Alabama, United States. It is northwest from the Birmingham suburb of Pleasant Grove. It incorporated in October 1956. At the 2010 census the population was 385, down from 435 in 2000. This area was damaged by an F5 tornado on April 8, 1998.

Geography
Maytown is located at 33.55361°N, -86.99444°W (33.553498, -86.994471).

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 2.7 sqmi, all land.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 316 people, 133 households, and 86 families residing in the town.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 435 people, 161 households, and 129 families residing in the town. The population density was 158.8 PD/sqmi. There were 176 housing units at an average density of 64.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 79.31% White, 19.08% Black or African American, 0.69% Native American, 0.23% Asian, and 0.69% from two or more races.

There were 161 households, out of which 26.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.2% were married couples living together, 13.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.3% were non-families. 17.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.05.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 21.8% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 28.0% from 45 to 64, and 15.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $42,083, and the median income for a family was $44,038. Males had a median income of $31,250 versus $22,250 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,125. About 7.9% of families and 10.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.1% of those under age 18 and 12.7% of those age 65 or over.

title: Maytown, Alabama


text:
McDonald Chapel, Alabama

McDonald Chapel is a census-designated place in Jefferson County, Alabama, United States. It is northeast of the Birmingham suburb of Pleasant Grove. At the 2020 census, the population was 739. Large portions of this area were damaged by violent tornadoes in 1956, 1998, and 2011. The 1998 tornado was rated F5 on the Fujita scale.

Geography
McDonald Chapel is located at 33.52083°N, -86.93694°W (33.520706, -86.936858).

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.1 sqmi, all land.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 739 people, 224 households, and 123 families residing in the CDP.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,054 people, 397 households, and 289 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 971.5 PD/sqmi. There were 448 housing units at an average density of 413.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 66.60% White, 29.60% Black or African American, 0.09% Native American, 2.66% Asian, 0.38% from other races, and 0.66% from two or more races. 0.57% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 397 households, out of which 24.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.4% were married couples living together, 15.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.2% were non-families. 23.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.16.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 23.1% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 23.9% from 45 to 64, and 17.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.1 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $26,188, and the median income for a family was $31,875. Males had a median income of $30,238 versus $22,917 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $13,411. About 6.8% of families and 10.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 33.8% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

title: McDonald Chapel, Alabama


text:
Miguel Cancel

Miguel Ángel Cancel Vázquez (born June 28, 1968) is a Puerto Rican singer, actor and retired police officer who began his career with the Puerto Rico-based boy band Menudo.

Menudo
Born in Chicago, Illinois, Cancel joined Menudo as a singer in 1981, replacing Óscar Meléndez. He was the first bilingual element on the band, and he was part of the most iconic age of the band called "the golden age" next to Xavier Serbiá, René Farrait, Ricky Meléndez, Johnny Lozada, Charlie Massó and Ray Reyes, collaborating in making Menudo an international sensation, with LP albums like Fuego, Quiero Ser, Por Amor and Una Aventura Llamada Menudo.

He acted in the 2 movies Menudo appeared at, Menudo: La Pelicula in 1981 and Una Aventura Llamada Menudo in 1982, and the two mini series Quiero Ser and Es Por Amor next to Xavier Serbiá, Johnny Lozada, Charlie Massó, Ricky Meléndez and René Farrait, and he also appeared on the TV show, La Gente Joven de Menudo on Telemundo PR as a member of the group.

In 1983, Cancel quit drastically Menudo at the age of 15, a year before the mandatory retirement age of 16, due to his desire to live a "normal life", even as his voice was already recorded for Menudo's next album, "A Todo Rock". He was replaced by Roy Rosselló.

Cancel sang lead on various Menudo hits, including A Volar, Cuándo Pasará, Por Amor, Xanadú, Quiero Rock, Me Voy A Enamoriscar etc.

Miguel entered at the end of 1980 and left at the end of 1983, an era that was part of what is the golden age of the band and the international "menuditis" era, the band becoming famous on countries like the U.S., Mexico, Peru and others

1980s
In 1984, Cancel released his first solo recording, the pop rock single entitled "Fun Fun Fun Fun" (English/Spanish). The single was produced and written by Doug Fieger, lead singer of The Knack, and issued on Cancel's newly formed independent label, Miguel Enterprises.

El Reencuentro
In 1998, Cancel was recruited by his ex bandmate Ray Reyes while he worked in the kitchen of a fast food restaurant in the suburbs of Los Angeles to join El Reencuentro, a group consisting of former Menudo members. The band recorded and issued an album of previously released Menudo songs and toured throughout the world in promotion of the album.

2000s-present
In 2003, Cancel became a police officer of the Coral Gables, Florida Police Department. In December 2004, he was ejected from the back seat of a Coral Gables police van resulting in the loss of two fingers from his left hand.

Cancel currently lives in Miami, Florida, with his family. He has 4 children Sasha Cancel, Izabella Cancel, Miguel Cancel, Jr. and Mariangelik Cancel. Miguel Cancel Jr. (Miguel Cancel Gulliver) is a swimmer who has won medals in competition at the Florida High School Athletic Association level.

In 2012, Cancel announced that he would again be returning to the music industry as a solo artist, his first solo effort having been in 1984.

In pop culture
Miguel with Johnny, Ricky, Rene, Xavier, Charlie and Ray, among many others, became part of the history of Latin music as the most important boy band of all times in Latin America, being icons of the decade with songs like "Claridad", "Fuego" and "Sùbete a mi moto" that are considered by many the most important and iconic songs in the history of Latin America

Cancel is played by Mauro Hernandez in the 2020 Amazon Prime Video series based on Menudo, Súbete A Mi Moto.

With Menudo

 * Fuego (1981)
 * Xanadu (1981)
 * Quiero Ser (1981)
 * Por Amor (1982)
 * Una aventura llamada Menudo (1982)
 * Feliz Navidad (1982)
 * Adios Miguel (1983)

title: Miguel Cancel


text:
Midfield, Alabama

Midfield is a town in Jefferson County, Alabama, United States, located two miles south of the Birmingham suburb of Fairfield. It incorporated in 1953. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 5,211.

Geography
Midfield is located at 33.45583°N, -86.92694°W (33.455874, -86.927044).

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, this town has a total area of about 2.6 sqmi, all land.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 5,211 people, 1,855 households, and 1,273 families residing in the city.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 5,365 people, 1,999 households, and 1,398 families residing in this town. The population density was 2,063.5 PD/sqmi. There were 2,330 housing units at an average density of 896.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 81.6% Black or African American, 16.4% White, 0.1% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 0.7% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. 1.4% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 1,999 households, out of which 32.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 32.3% were married couples living together, 31.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.1% were non-families. 25.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.24.

In the town the population was distributed with 27.7% under the age of 18, 10.3% from 18 to 24, 25.1% from 25 to 44, 27.8% from 45 to 64, and 9.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34.4 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.2 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $37,138, and the median income for a family was $46,444. Males had a median income of $39,420 versus $28,648 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,496. About 15.6% of families and 15.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.9% of those under age 18 and 12.1% of those age 65 or over.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 5,626 people, 2,186 households, and 1,532 families residing in this town. The population density was 2,167.1 PD/sqmi. There were 2,393 housing units at an average density of 921.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 39.28% White, 59.49% Black or African American, 0.09% Native American, 0.43% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.11% from other races, and 0.57% from two or more races. 0.14% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 2,186 households, out of which 36.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.4% were married couples living together, 21.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.9% were non-families. 27.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.13.

In the town the population was distributed with 28.8% under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 30.8% from 25 to 44, 19.4% from 45 to 64, and 13.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.2 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,378, and the median income for a family was $36,281. Males had a median income of $30,087 versus $25,386 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,729. About 12.4% of families and 16.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.1% of those under age 18 and 7.7% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Ron Casey, former editor for the Birmingham News
 * Michael Gibbons, American boxer
 * J. J. Nelson, All-American wide receiver for the UAB Blazers

title: Midfield, Alabama


text:
Minor, Alabama

Minor is a census-designated place (CDP) in Jefferson County, Alabama, United States. It is located north of the Birmingham suburb, Pleasant Grove and has a population of 1,094 (2010 census). Minor was damaged by an F5 tornado on April 8, 1998, including damage inflicted on the non-denominational Open Door Church.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 1,088 people, 315 households, and 233 families residing in the CDP.

2010 census
As of the 2010 census, there were 1,094 people, 405 households, and 294 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,600 PD/sqmi. Housing units numbered 462 at an average density of 660 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 77.6% White, 20.9% Black or African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.0% Asian, and 0.5% from two or more races. 1.5% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

27.2% of households had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.8% were married couples living together, 14.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.4% were non-families. 23.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.13.

23.1% were under age 18, 6.9% were from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 25.4% from 45 to 64, and 16.9% 65 or older. The median age was 39.8. For every 100 females, there were 95.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.3 males.

Median household income was $49,583, while median family income was $57,955. Males had a median income of $38,438 versus $27,011 for females. Per capita income was $24,406. About 16.0% of families and 18.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.3% of those under age 18 and 0% of those age 65 or over.

2000 census
According to the 2000 census, the population numbered 1,116 people, 456 households, and 340 families. The population density was 1,607.3 PD/sqmi. The 471 housing units produced an average density of 678.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.67% White, 0.90% Black or African American, 0.72% Native American, 0.09% Asian, and 0.63% from two or more races. 0.36% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Out of the 456 households, 6.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.1% were married couples living together, 7.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.4% were non-families. 23.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.87.

The population was spread out, with 20.7% under the age of 18, 9.3% from 18 to 24, 26.2% from 25 to 44, 21.4% from 45 to 64, and 22.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.1 males.

The median household income was $33,710, and the median income for a family was $38,250. Males had a median income of $28,295 versus $24,042 for females. The per capita income was $14,690. About 2.0% of families and 1.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under age 18 and 8.2% of those age 65 or over.

History
In 1922, a new high school was named for retired Jefferson County school superintendent, John W. Minor. Thus the community area became known as Minor. The land for the school was donated by the Young family. The location was at the center of the coal communities of Bayview, Brookside, Docena, Edgewater and Mulga and other and later communities (Adamsville, Alden, Coalburg, Crumly Chapel, Forestdale, Fieldstown, Graysville, Hillview, Maytown, McDonald Chapel, Midway, Mineral Springs, Republic, Sandusky and Sylvan Springs). The school burned down in 1926 and rebuilt and reopened in 1928.

W. C. Petty was named principal in 1922 and served through May 1958. The building served as the high school through May 1988 when a new high school was built in Adamsville. In the 1960s, Minor Christian School was established on McDonald Chapel Road.

Economy
Over the years, a few businesses were established:

 * Minor Grocery (owner Grace Houk)
 * Powell/Motley Grocery
 * Top Hat Inn, a night club
 * Donaldson Filling Station
 * Minor Ice Cream Bar, started by the Blevins family and later operated by Tommy and Jones Pender, the Marshman's, the Alexander's and Mr. and Mrs. Floyd
 * Anthony/Gardner/Lucas Bus Lines
 * Lindley Plumbing & Heating Co. (1960 to 2001)
 * Stowe Florist
 * Reach's Hair Salon
 * Pit Stop gas station
 * Jones Florist
 * Rankin's TV Repair and Stouts Watch Repair

At the fork of Mulga Loop Road and Docena Road (later changed to Minor Parkway) stood Pete's and Bud's Bar-B-que and later a Shell service station. Frank Baker built a service station across the road that was demolished to build a highway. Tillman's service station was up the road toward Ensley and later became Plunkett's Bar-B-Que. Still later, Charlie's (a nightclub) was built near Docena Road and Birmingport. A small stripmall was built on Birmingport Road by the Echert's. It had a Shell service station, a restaurant and a convenience store. Later, all but the gas station portion burned down.

By 2017, only the Pit Stop was in business.

Churches

 * Minor First Baptist
 * Minor United Methodist, on land donated by the Young family
 * Westmont Baptist
 * Minor church of Christ
 * Open Door, located on Birmingport Road and later partially operating out of the old Minor Christian School and later the old Methodist Church location
 * Minor church of God (formerly Docena church of God)

title: Minor, Alabama


text:
Morris, Alabama

Morris is a town in Jefferson County, Alabama, United States. It is north of the Birmingham suburb of Gardendale. It initially incorporated on September 19, 1885. At some point after 1910, its incorporation lapsed and it failed to appear on the census rolls beginning in 1920 through to 1950. It reincorporated on July 11, 1950. The population as of the 2020 U.S. Census was 2,259, up from 1,859 in 2010.

Geography
Morris is located at 33.7475°N, -86.80694°W (33.747374, -86.807023).

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 3.1 sqmi, of which 3.0 sqmi is land and 0.33% is water.

The town is named after Mary Hunter "Mae" Morris, an early female pioneer of the region.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 2,259 people, 751 households, and 552 families residing in the town.

2010 census
At the 2010 census the total population was 1,859. There were 719 households and 555 families in the town. The population density was 619.7 PD/sqmi. There were 762 housing units at an average density of 254 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.7% White, 1.0% Black or African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.5% from other races, and 0.4% from two or more races. 1.1% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. Of the 719 households 33.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.4% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.8% were non-families. 19.9% of households were one person and 9.4% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the average family size was 2.98.

The age distribution was 23.2% under the age of 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 24.1% from 25 to 44, 30.0% from 45 to 64, and 14.3% 65 or older. The median age was 41.4 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.6 males.

The median household income was $61,188 and the median family income was $68,333. Males had a median income of $48,125 versus $38,611 for females. The per capita income for the town was $27,390. About 2.6% of families and 3.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.3% of those under age 18 and 2.5% of those age 65 or over.

2000 census
At the 2000 census the total population was 1,922. There were 708 households and 575 families in the town. The population density was 600.2 PD/sqmi. There were 619 housing units at an average density of 225.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.54% White, 0.5% Black or African American, 0.01% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.1% from other races, and 0.60% from two or more races. 0.38% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. Of the 662 households 43.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.0% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.1% were non-families. 15.4% of households were one person and 5.9% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.76 and the average family size was 3.07.

The age distribution was 28.4% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 32.5% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 8.9% 65 or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.0 males.

The median household income was $46,296 and the median family income was $51,314. Males had a median income of $38,500 versus $31,224 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,924. About 0.3% of families and 0.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under age 18 and 2.0% of those age 65 or over.

Public safety
Morris is served by a full-time police force and by a volunteer/part-time fire department. The police department is dispatched by Warrior police and the fire department is dispatched by Jefferson County 911.

Education
Bryan Elementary School, North Jefferson Middle School and Mortimer Jordan High School are all located in the nearby City of Kimberly.

Notable people

 * Haylie McCleney, US Softball Olympian
 * Peter Tom Willis, former NFL quarterback
 * Pat Buttram, star of Green Acres as Mr. Haney and Gene Autry Sidekick

title: Morris, Alabama


text:
Mount Olive, Jefferson County, Alabama

Mount Olive, also spelled Mt. Olive is an unincorporated community and a census-designated place (CDP) in Jefferson County, Alabama. Its location is in the suburbs of Birmingham. As of the 2010 census, the population of the community is 4,079. Mount Olive is bordered on the south and the east by the town of Gardendale, and in fact, some areas that had previously been in Mount Olive have been annexed into Gardendale over the years. Running along part of the border between Mt. Olive and Gardendale is the major expressway, Interstate 65. Eventually, part of Birmingham's Northern Beltline will cut through northwestern sections of Mt. Olive. Mt. Olive has its own elementary school, and was formerly the home of a junior high school.

Geography
Mount Olive is located at 33.68417°N, -86.87528°W (33.684191, -86.875139).

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the community has a total area of 9.3 square miles (24.1 km$2$), all land.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 4,427 people, 1,620 households, and 1,280 families residing in the CDP.

2010 census
At the 2010 census there were 4,079 people, 1,551 households, and 1,217 families residing in the community. The population density was 440 PD/sqmi. There were 1,631 housing units at an average density of 175.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the community was 97.7% White, 1.0% Black or African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.3% Asian, and .5% from two or more races. 0.5% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. Of the 1,551 households 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.9% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.5% were non-families. 19.2% of households were one person and 8.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.01.

The age distribution was 22.5% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 24.6% from 25 to 44, 30.0% from 45 to 64, and 15.5% 65 or older. The median age was 41.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.6 males.

The median household income was $63,942 and the median family income was $81,477. Males had a median income of $51,035 versus $34,426 for females. The per capita income for the community was $28,151. About 4.5% of families and 6.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.5% of those under age 18 and 0.0% of those age 65 or over.

2000 census
At the 2000 census there were 3,957 people, 1,499 households, and 1,221 families residing in the community. The population density was 417.6 PD/sqmi. There were 1,553 housing units at an average density of 163.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the community was 98.10% White, 0.08% Black or African American, 0.33% Native American, 0.05% Asian, and 1.44% from two or more races. 0.78% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. Of the 1,499 households 34.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 72.1% were married couples living together, 6.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.5% were non-families. 16.6% of households were one person and 7.7% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 2.95.

The age distribution was 23.5% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 31.0% from 25 to 44, 25.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% 65 or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.6 males.

The median household income was $48,291 and the median family income was $52,425. Males had a median income of $41,250 versus $27,021 for females. The per capita income for the community was $21,311. About 4.0% of families and 4.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.8% of those under age 18 and 9.0% of those age 65 or over.

title: Mount Olive, Jefferson County, Alabama


text:
Cervantes (disambiguation)

Miguel de Cervantes was the author of Don Quixote.

Cervantes may also refer to:

Astronomy

 * Cervantes (crater), a crater on Mercury
 * Mu Arae, a star in the constellation Ara, officially designated Cervantes by the International Astronomical Union in 2015

Media

 * Cervantes (film), a 1967 film by Vincent Sherman
 * Cervantes, a character in "The New Guy", an episode of The Shield
 * Cervantes de Leon, a pirate based character in the Soul Calibur fighting game franchise

People with the surname

 * Alfonso J. Cervantes (1920–1983), mayor of St. Louis, Missouri
 * Antonio Cervantes (born 1945), Colombian boxer
 * Elizabeth Cervantes (born 1973), Mexican actress
 * Esmeralda Cervantes (1861–1926), Spanish harpist
 * Fernando Cervantes (born 1958), Mexica historian
 * Francisco Cervantes de Salazar (1514?–1575), Spanish man of letters
 * Ignacio Cervantes (1847–1905), Cuban composer
 * Jorge Cervantes (born 1953), American horticulturist
 * Julio Cervantes, American soccer player; see Oakland Roots SC
 * Lorna Dee Cervantes (born 1954), Chicana poet and activist
 * Miguel Cervantes (actor) (born 1977), American actor, singer and activist
 * Vicente Cervantes (1755–1829), Mexican botanist

Places

 * Cervantes, Río Negro, a municipality in Río Negro, Argentina
 * Cervantes, Western Australia
 * Cervantes, Ilocos Sur, a municipality in the Philippines
 * Cervantes, Lugo, a municipality in Galicia, Spain

Other uses

 * Casa de Cervantes, a museum in Valladolid, Spain
 * Instituto Cervantes, a public institution created by the Spanish government
 * Cervantes, an updated version of Cymbeline radar
 * Cervantes (Journal of the Cervantes Society of America)

title: Cervantes (disambiguation)


text:
Mountain Brook, Alabama

Mountain Brook is a city in southeastern Jefferson County, Alabama, United States, and a suburb of Birmingham. Its population at the 2020 census was 22,461.

It is one of the wealthiest suburbs of Birmingham, as well as one of the wealthiest cities in Alabama.

History
The city was originally developed in 1929 by real-estate businessman Robert Jemison, Jr., as a whites-only suburb of Birmingham along the ridges known as Red Mountain and Shades Mountain. It was incorporated on May 24, 1942. The plans, by Boston-based landscape architect Warren H. Manning, called for estate-sized lots along winding scenic roads and denser commercial development centering on three picturesque "villages": English Village, Mountain Brook Village and Crestline Village. Most of Mountain Brook's development preserved the existing trees: 92.03% is under tree cover, one of the highest ratios in the nation. Residential sections such as Cherokee Bend, Brookwood Forest, Overton, and Crestline have houses in a forest setting, with a recreational network of bridle paths. This has protected the area from urban encroachment.

Mountain Brook is the location of the first office park in the U.S., built in 1955. It featured the then novel concepts of ample free parking and low-profile office buildings surrounded by waterspouts and landscaped grounds.

A new city hall, including a fire and police station, was completed in 2013.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, it has a total area of 12.82 sqmi, all land.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 22,461 people and 8,365 households.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 20,413 people, 7,731 households, and 5,864 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,673.2 PD/sqmi. There were 8,266 housing units at an average density of 675.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 97.2% White, 1.0% Black or African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.9% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 0.2% from other races, and 0.6% from two or more races. 1.0% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 7,731 households, out of which 37.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.2% were married couples living together, 6.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.1% were non-families. 22.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.12.

29.3% of the population was under the age of 18, 4.5% was from 18 to 24, 20.8% from 25 to 44, 29.7% from 45 to 64, and 15.7% was 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.4 males.

The median income for a household was $130,721, and the median income for a family was $164,750. Males had a median income of $124,224 versus $54,420 for females. The per capita income for the city was $76,763. 1.8% of families and 3.7% of individuals were below the poverty line, including 2.1% of individuals under 18 and 2.5% of those 65 and over.

According to a list compiled in 2008 by Stephen Higley, it is the ninth wealthiest community in the United States. It is often referred to as "The Tiny Kingdom" due to its high concentration of the region's business and professional leaders, and the disparity of wealth between it and Birmingham where according to census data nearly a quarter of the population lives below the poverty line.

Government

Mountain Brook has a city council/mayor/city manager system of government.

The city council, consisting of five members elected at large, considers most issues and appoints the police chief and fire chief.

The mayor is Stewart Welch, III, first elected in 2016.

The city manager is Sam Gaston, appointed by the council and mayor in January 2008.

Education
The Mountain Brook School System is consistently rated one of the best in the state. It includes the following six schools, all of which have been awarded the Blue Ribbon:
 * Brookwood Forest Elementary
 * Cherokee Bend Elementary
 * Crestline Elementary
 * Mountain Brook Elementary
 * Mountain Brook Junior High
 * Mountain Brook High School

Notable people

 * Lou Anders, writer
 * Jay Barker, former NFL player
 * Nate Bland, former MLB player (Houston Astros)
 * Scott Bondy, an American folk/alternative musician. Formerly lead singer of the band Verbena.
 * Gregg Carr, orthopedist and former Pittsburgh Steelers football player
 * Courteney Cox, actress
 * Tommy Dewey, actor (17 Again, The BabyMakers, The Mindy Project)
 * Pat DuPré, semi-finalist at Wimbledon in 1979 and a quarter finalist in the U.S. Open. 1979–1981; he was ranked in the top 20 in the world, reaching as high as 12th.
 * Sara Evans, country music singer
 * Basil Hirschowitz, gastroenterologist
 * Natalee Holloway, alleged murder victim
 * Alan Hunter, MTV Veejay
 * Kate Jackson, Hollywood actress; star of Charlie's Angels as well as Scarecrow and Mrs. King
 * David Jaffe, video game designer (God of War, Twisted Metal)
 * Doug Jones, former U.S. senator from Alabama
 * Don Logan former CEO of Time Warner Inc
 * Graeme McFarland, football player (Indiana University)
 * Tribble Reese, actor
 * Emeel Salem, All-American baseball player at the University of Alabama, former minor league player in the Tampa Bay Rays organization. (6th round draft pick 2007)
 * Sarah Simmons, Top 8 finalist on season 4 of The Voice.
 * Luther Strange, former U.S. senator from Alabama
 * Barret Swatek, Hollywood actress, Republican activist and recurring talk-show guest
 * William Vlachos, center for the University of Alabama National Championship Team in 2009 and 2011.

 * Trendon Watford, NBA basketball player for the Brooklyn Nets
 * Gordon Sargent, NCAA Individual National Champion Golfer for the Vanderbilt Commodores

Cultural references
In South and West: From a Notebook, Joan Didion writes, "It is said that the dead center of Birmingham society is the southeast corner of the locker room at the Mountain Brook country club." She adds, "it is hard to make the connection between this Birmingham and that of Bull Connor."

During his 1970 gubernatorial campaign, George Wallace derisively referred to Mountain Brook as "where the rich folks live in the suburbs up across the mountain from Birmingham."

title: Mountain Brook, Alabama


text:
Mulga, Alabama

Mulga is a town in western Jefferson County, Alabama, United States. It is north from the Birmingham suburb of Pleasant Grove. It includes the community of Bayview. Mulga was a company town operated by Birmingham Coal and Iron Company around the Mulga Mine and Mulga was also the name of an independent community in the area. The company town was incorporated in 1947.

At its 2010 census the population was 836, down from its peak population of 973 in 2000. Its communities were damaged by an F5 tornado on April 8, 1998. The town's name is possibly derived from the Creek word omalga meaning "all".

Coal has been mined in the area. Forty-one men died in a 1910 coal mine explosion. Steel industry was also active in the area and served by a dam. Rail service was established.

Geography
Mulga is located at 33.54889°N, -86.97722°W (33.548891, -86.977254).

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.6 sqmi, all land.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 784 people, 359 households, and 237 families residing in the town.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 973 people, 390 households, and 276 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,604.2 PD/sqmi. There were 425 housing units at an average density of 700.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 85.10% White, 13.16% Black or African American, 0.62% Native American, 0.31% Asian, and 0.82% from two or more races. 0.10% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 390 households, out of which 32.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.0% were married couples living together, 16.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.2% were non-families. 27.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.4% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 21.4% from 45 to 64, and 16.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.1 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $36,500, and the median income for a family was $41,382. Males had a median income of $31,438 versus $23,750 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,622. About 8.6% of families and 10.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.5% of those under age 18 and 14.0% of those age 65 or over.

title: Mulga, Alabama


text:
North Johns, Alabama

North Johns is the second smallest incorporated town in Jefferson County, Alabama (after Cardiff), United States. It is located approximately eight miles southwest from the Birmingham suburb of Hueytown. North Johns was a thriving mining town at the beginning of the 20th century, when more than 2000 people lived in and around the community. It is named after a Welsh-born mining engineer, Llewellyn Johns, who opened coal mining operations throughout the area in the 1880s. At the 2020 census the population was 127, an decrease of 18 persons from 2010.

History
North Johns was incorporated in July 1912, although not until 1930 did it first appear on the Census records. It was listed as Johns in that census and North Johns from 1940 to date. Its peak recorded population was in 1950 when it had 454 residents.

Geography
It is located at 33.36694°N, -87.10139°W (33.366880, -87.101486).

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.2 sqmi, all land.

2020 census
At the 2020 census, there were 127 people, 64 households, and 27 families residing in the town.

2000 census
At the 2000 census, there were 142 people, 51 households, and 37 families residing in the town. The population density was 732.3 PD/sqmi. There were 56 housing units at an average density of 288.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 40.14% White, 59.15% Black or African American and 0.70% Native American.

There were 51 households, out of which 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.1% were married couples living together, 17.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.5% were non-families. 21.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 2.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.78 and the average family size was 3.26.

The population was evenly distributed in regard to age, with 23.2% under the age of 18, 11.3% from 18 to 24, 23.9% from 25 to 44, 23.9% from 45 to 64, and 17.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.9 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $23,750, and the median income for a family was $33,750. Males had a median income of $35,375 versus $7,083 for females. The per capita income for the town was $8,149. There were 23.1% of families and 31.2% of the population living below the poverty line, including 47.6% of those under 18 and 60.7% of those over 64.

Government
As of 2023, the mayor of North Johns was Kenneth Lindsey.

title: North Johns, Alabama


text:
Pinson, Alabama

Pinson is a city in Jefferson County near Birmingham, Alabama, United States, northwest of Center Point. As of the 2010 census, the population was 7,163.

History
Pinson was incorporated in March 2004.

Geography
This city is located at 33.68639°N, -86.68194°W (33.686301, −86.681913).

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the community has a total area of 7.0 sqmi, of which 7.0 sqmi is land and 0.04 sqmi (0.43%) is water.

Pinson is located in an area of SW–NE parallel ridges, with occasional rock outcrops, especially toward the east-facing ridge crests. Pinson is home to the Turkey Creek Nature Preserve and the Alabama Butterbean Festival.

The Palmerdale Homesteads are located within the city limits of Pinson. The Palmerdale Homesteads were the first of five farmers' resettlement communities built in Alabama under President Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal in the 1930s. The first of the 102 homesteads were completed in 1935. A community store and elementary school/community center were completed in 1937 to serve the farming community.

Demographics
''Note: Census demographic data were enumerated for the Census-Designated Place (CDP) for somewhat different boundaries prior to incorporation in 2004. The 1990 population of 10,987 was for the CDP of Pinson-Clay-Chalkville, which was subdivided in 2000 into their own separate CDPs. Therefore, exact population for the Pinson portion in 1990 cannot be ascertained''

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 7,215 people, 2,711 households, and 1,997 families residing in the city.

2010 census
At the 2010 census, there were 7,163 people, 2,731 households, and 2,074 families living in the community. The population density was 1023.3 PD/sqmi. There were 2,948 housing units at an average density of 421.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the community was 79.0% White, 17.0% Black or African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 2.2% from other races, and 1.0% from two or more races. 3.7% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 2,731 households 32.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.0% were married couples living together, 13.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.1% were non-families. 20.9% of households were one person and 6.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 3.04.

The age distribution was 24.4% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 27.9% from 45 to 64, and 11.9% 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.9 males.

The median household income was $56,863 and the median family income was $63,221. Males had a median income of $41,719 versus $36,066 for females. The per capita income for the community was $23,902. About 4.5% of families and 5.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.1% of those under age 18 and 3.2% of those age 65 or over.

2000 census
At the 2000 census, there were 5,033 people, 1,853 households, and 1,450 families living in the community. The population density was 721.2 PD/sqmi. There were 1,953 housing units at an average density of 279.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the community was 8.33% Black or African American, 88.1% White, 0.32% Native American, 0.40% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.34% from other races, and 0.76% from two or more races. 2.27% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 1,853 households 41.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.8% were married couples living together, 15.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.7% were non-families. 19.0% of households were one person and 6.3% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.08.

The age distribution was 28.3% under the age of 18, 9.7% from 18 to 24, 31.7% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 9.8% 65 or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.8 males.

The median household income was $39,583 and the median family income was $48,707. Males had a median income of $33,843 versus $25,112 for females. The per capita income for the community was $17,704. About 8.6% of families and 10.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.2% of those under age 18 and 10.9% of those age 65 or over.

Education

 * Pinson Valley High School – located on Highway 75 in Pinson. Grades 9–12
 * Rudd Middle School – grades 6–8
 * Kermit Johnson Elementary – grades 3–5
 * Pinson Elementary School – grades K–2

Media
Three newspapers serve Pinson:
 * The Trussville Tribune, a weekly newspaper based in nearby Trussville, which publishes on Wednesdays
 * The North Jefferson News, a weekly newspaper based in nearby Gardendale, which publishes on Wednesdays
 * The Birmingham News, the major metro-area newspaper that publishes Wednesdays, Fridays and Sundays

Notable people

 * Ed Chandler – former Major League Baseball player
 * William Engesser (February 21, 1939 – June 20, 2002) was an American film actor and 7'3" tall
 * Samantha Francis – contestant on America's Next Top Model cycle 8, professional international model
 * Terry Hoeppner – assistant coach at Pinson (1974–75), Later head coach for the Indiana University football team
 * Desmond Jennings – Major League Baseball player
 * Terry Jones – former outfielder for the Montreal Expos and Colorado Rockies
 * Bo Nix – Quarterback for the Denver Broncos
 * Melinda Toole – former Miss Alabama
 * Nico Collins – wide receiver for the Houston Texans

title: Pinson, Alabama


text:
Pleasant Grove, Alabama

Pleasant Grove is a city in western Jefferson County, Alabama, United States. It is part of the Birmingham metropolitan area. The population was 9,544 at the 2020 census.

History
It was established in 1889 but incorporated as a city on January 16, 1934. The incorporation came about by reason of a rather unusual circumstance. The town sits on land honeycombed by coal mines. For many years, the residents had relied on water wells for their water supply. As years passed and more mining was done, Pleasant Grove found itself confronted with a problem. Residents would sometimes go to their well to draw water only to find there was none. The water had gone into the mines.

During the mid to late 1930s, the Federal Government had a program for financing the building of local water systems. In exploring the possibility of securing such funds, it was revealed that in order to secure such financing a community must be legally incorporated. At this time the incorporation became a reality.

The first appointed Mayor of Pleasant Grove was W.P. Stone. The city is governed by a mayor and five council members who serve four-year terms. Elections for city officials is held during the summer of each leap year with four-year terms beginning the first Monday in October. The area known as Pleasant Grove, Alabama was first homesteaded in September 1836. Pleasant Grove is in Jefferson County. Although no one seems to know when or exactly how the town came by its name, old documents indicate that at least part of this area was called Pleasant Grove as early as 1884. Pleasant Grove was made up of four communities which included Frog Pond, Lizard Ridge, Cottage Hill, and Pleasant Grove.

The city was damaged by large tornadoes in 1956, 1977, 1998, and 2011.

Government
The city is governed by a mayor, currently Jerry Brasseale, and five-member council. All city officials are elected to four-year terms on leap years. The council meets the first and third Monday of each month at Pleasant Grove City Hall. Council members as of 2020 include Yolanda Lawson, Philip Houston, Eric Calhoun, Kevin Dunn, and Ray Lassiter.

Geography
Pleasant Grove is located at 33.4924°N, -86.97293°W.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 9.82 sqmi, all land.

Pleasant Grove is home to Milk Creek, so named for its creamy-white color and thick, calcious texture.

Education
Pleasant Grove Schools are operated by the Jefferson County Board of Education. Land was originally given to the Board of Education and a gift of $150,000 toward the construction of a Junior High School. In 1970, Pleasant Grove High School was built. It combined with the Junior High School. The schools were accredited by the State of Alabama in May 1973. It agreed to give the Board of Education $1,00 over a ten-year period to add onto the existing Elementary School and get all of the children K-6 under one roof. In January 1997, students who formerly attended Woodward School were relocated to the city.

Construction of a new Pleasant Grove High School was completed in 2010. Pleasant Grove High School has the highest graduation rate in the Jefferson County School system. There are four Nationally Certified teachers on staff, and the remainder of the staff is highly qualified as per Alabama Board of Education standards. The old high school is now the JCIB Middle School.

2020 census
As of the 2020 census, there were 9,544 people, 3,605 households, and 2,598 families residing in the city. The population density was 971.6 PD/sqmi There were 3,777 housing units.

2010 census
As of the 2010 census, there were 10,110 people, 3,715 households, and 2,857 families living in the city. The population density was 1,148.9 PD/sqmi. There were 3,946 housing units at an average density of 448.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 53.7% White, 44.8% Black or African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 0.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.6% of the population.

Of the 3,715 households 32.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.4% were married couples living together, 14.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.1% were non-families. 21.0% of households were one person and 9.8% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.09.

The age distribution was 23.8% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 23.2% from 25 to 44, 30.1% from 45 to 64, and 15.1% 65 or older. The median age was 41.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.1 males.

The median household income was $66,681 and the median family income was $72,341. Males had a median income of $45,587 versus $40,830 for females. The per capita income for the city was $26,833. About 2.8% of families and 2.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including .5% of those under age 18 and 2.6% of those age 65 or over.

2000 census
As of the 2000 census, there were 9,983 people, 3,570 households, and 2,909 families living in the city. The population density was 1,129.9 PD/sqmi. There were 3,717 housing units at an average density of 420.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 84.67% White, 14.44% Black or African American, 0.19% Native American, 0.15% Asian, 0.16% from other races, and 0.38% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.28% of the population.

Of the 3,570 households 37.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 70.7% were married couples living together, 8.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.5% were non-families. 17.4% of households were one person and 9.6% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.08.

The age distribution was 24.4% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 27.0% from 25 to 44, 25.6% from 45 to 64, and 15.8% 65 or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.6 males.

The median household income was $52,776 and the median family income was $59,132. Males had a median income of $38,544 versus $28,519 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,774. About 3.2% of families and 3.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.2% of those under age 18 and 4.4% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * R. G. Armstrong, actor and playwright
 * James Bradberry, cornerback for the Philadelphia Eagles
 * Jake Elmore, former Major League Baseball Player

title: Pleasant Grove, Alabama


text:
Rock Creek, Alabama

Rock Creek is a census-designated place in Jefferson County, Alabama, United States. Its location is northwest of Hueytown. At the 2020 census, the population was 1,471. This area was damaged by an F5 tornado on April 8, 1998. An EF2 tornado struck northwest from here on January 23, 2012.

Geography
Rock Creek is located at 33.47583°N, -87.07889°W (33.475884, -87.079003).

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 3.0 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
Rock Creek was first listed as a census designated place in the 2000 U.S. Census.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 1,471 people, 645 households, and 443 families residing in the CDP.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,456 people, 576 households, and 447 families living in the CDP. The population density was 490 PD/sqmi. There were 615 housing units at an average density of 205 per square mile (79/km$2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.5% White, 0.8% Black or African American, 0.7% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 0.0% from other races, and 0.8% from two or more races. 0.0% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 576 households, out of which 27.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.0% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.4% were non-families. 19.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 2.90.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 20.5% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 27.2% from 25 to 44, 28.8% from 45 to 64, and 16.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.2 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $43,370, and the median income for a family was $44,321. Males had a median income of $44,500 versus $38,244 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $19,878. About 8.4% of families and 8.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.0% of those under age 18 and 0% of those age 65 or over.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,495 people, 569 households, and 458 families living in the CDP. The population density was 515.0 PD/sqmi. There were 592 housing units at an average density of 203.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.86% White, 0.27% Black or African American, 0.40% Native American, 0.07% Asian, 0.13% from other races, and 0.27% from two or more races. 0.54% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 569 households, out of which 35.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.8% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.5% were non-families. 17.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 2.98.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 24.7% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 29.9% from 25 to 44, 26.6% from 45 to 64, and 11.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.0 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $41,875, and the median income for a family was $49,375. Males had a median income of $35,294 versus $27,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $33,333. About 6.2% of families and 3.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under age 18 and 7.9% of those age 65 or over.

title: Rock Creek, Alabama


text:
World Organization of the Scout Movement

The World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM ) is the largest international Scouting organization. WOSM has 175 members. These members are recognized national Scout organizations, which collectively have around 57 million participants. WOSM was established in 1922, and has its operational headquarters at Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and its legal seat in Geneva, Switzerland. It is the counterpart of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS).

The WOSM's current stated mission is "to contribute to the education of young people, through a value system based on the Scout Promise and Scout Law, to help build a better world where people are self-fulfilled as individuals and play a constructive role in society". WOSM is organized into regions and operates with a conference, committee and bureau.

The WOSM is associated with three World Scout Centres. The World Scout Jamboree is held roughly every four years under the auspices of the WOSM, with members of WAGGGS also invited. WOSM also organises the World Scout Moot, a Jamboree for 17- to 26-year-olds, and has organised the World Scout Indaba, a gathering for Scout leaders. The World Scout Foundation is a perpetual fund governed by a separate Board of Governors and supported by donations for the development of WOSM associated Scouting programs throughout the world.

WOSM is a non-governmental organization with General Consultative Status to the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC).

History
As a result of an international conference held during the 1st World Scout Jamboree at Olympia, London in 1920, leaders there agreed to create a Boy Scouts International Bureau (BSIB). An office was established at 25, Buckingham Palace Road, London, and the then International Commissioner of The Boy Scouts Association of the United Kingdom, Hubert S. Martin, was appointed as Honorary Director. The first task of the bureau was to co-ordinate the discussions and to prepare a second international conference in Paris in 1922. At the 1922 Paris conference The International Conference of the Boy Scout Movement, its committee and BSIB were constituted by the founding member organizations. In 1961 The International Conference of the Boy Scout Movement reconstituted the organization introducing the name World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM). The International Conference of the Boy Scout Movement became the WOSM's World Scout Conference, its International Committee became the World Scout Committee and the Boy Scouts International Bureau became the WOSM's World Scout Bureau.

World Scout Conference
The World Scout Conference is the governing body and meets every three years, preceded by the World Scout Youth Forum. The World Scout Conference is the general assembly of the World Organization of the Scout Movement and is composed of six delegates from each of the member Scout associations. If a country has more than one association, the associations form a federation for coordination and world representation. The basis for recognition and membership in the World Scout Conference includes adherence to the aims and principles of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, and independence from political involvement on the part of each member association.

The Conference meets every three years and is hosted by a member association. At the World Scout Conference, basic cooperative efforts are agreed upon and a plan of mutual coordination is adopted.

World Scout Committee
The World Scout Committee is the executive body of the World Organization of the Scout Movement and is composed of elected volunteers and one appointed Secretary General. The World Scout Committee represents World Scout Conference between the meetings of the full conference. The World Scout Committee is responsible for the implementation of the resolutions of the World Scout Conference and for acting on its behalf between its meetings. The Committee meets at least twice a year. Its Steering Committee, consisting of the Chairperson, two Vice-Chairpersons, a Youth Advisor and the Secretary General, meet as needed.

The committee has 21 members. Twelve, each from a different country, are elected for three-year terms by the World Scout Conference. The members, elected without regard to their nationality, represent the interests of the movement as a whole, not those of their country. The Secretary General, the Treasurer of WOSM and a representative member of the board of the World Scout Foundation and the chairpersons of the regional Scout committees are ex-officio members of the committee. From 2008 to 2021 six Youth Advisors to the WSC were elected by the World Scout Youth Forum. The Youth Advisors participated in all of the WSC meetings and were also part of the governing structure between the meetings. There will be no Youth Advisors from 2024.

The 2021-2024 World Scout Committee set up work streams to address the top strategic priorities, as defined by the World Scout Conference, which at present include:
 * Educational Methods
 * Boosting Volunteers (Adults in Scouting Project)
 * Earth Tribe Coordinating Team
 * Gender Mainstreaming Coordination
 * Life Skills Initiative
 * SCENES Coordination Team
 * World Events
 * Evolution of the World Scout Conference
 * Innovation of all World Events
 * Good Governance
 * Growth, Recovery and Resilience - Enabling Capacities for Growth
 * GSAT Review and New Partner On-boarding
 * Safe from Harm 1 - Compliance Mechanism Build, Pilot and Implementation
 * Safe from Harm in World and Regional Events
 * Strengthening Consultants Support in Financial Management
 * WOSM Consultants 2.0

Task forces include:
 * Youth Engagement in Decision-Making
 * Sustainability

Workstream Coordination Group
 * Project management support
 * Volunteer management support
 * Monitoring and evaluation support

Standing committees include:
 * Audit
 * Budget
 * Constitutions
 * Ethics
 * Honours and Awards
 * Steering

Current members 2021–2024

 * Note: The World Scout Conference in 2008 decided that, starting at the World Conference in 2011, elected members will serve for only three years, but be eligible for re-election for one additional term. Due SARS-COV2 (COVID-19) pandemic, the World Scout Conference was rescheduled from Aug 2020 to Aug 2021.

Bronze Wolf Award
The Bronze Wolf Award is the only distinction awarded by WOSM, awarded by the World Scout Committee for exceptional services to world Scouting. It was first awarded to Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell by a unanimous decision of the then-International Committee on the day of the institution of the Bronze Wolf in Stockholm in 1935.

World Scout Bureau

The World Scout Bureau (WSB, formerly the International Bureau) is the secretariat that carries out the instructions of the World Scout Conference and the World Scout Committee. The WSB is administered by the secretary general, who is supported by a staff of technical resource personnel. The bureau staff helps associations improve and broaden their Scouting by training professionals and volunteers, establishing finance policies and money-raising techniques, improving community facilities and procedures, and assisting in marshaling the national resources of each country behind Scouting.

The staff also helps arrange global events such as the World Scout Jamborees, encourages regional events, and acts as a liaison between the Scouting Movement and other international organizations. A major effort in the emerging nations is the extension of the universal Good Turn into an organization-wide effort for community development.

Location
The Bureau was first established in London, England in 1920 and moved to Ottawa, Ontario, Canada in 1959. The International Conference directed the move of the Bureau from Ottawa to Geneva on 1 May 1968. In August 2013, WOSM announced the relocation of the World Scout Bureau Central Office (WSB-CO) to Kuala Lumpur where it is now located.

Leadership
This list includes Secretaries General and their deputies from the World Organization of the Scout Movement and members of the World Scout Bureau. From 1920 to 1968, this function was called Director.

World Scout Centres
World Scout Centre is a brand of the WOSM but the two World Scout Centres are operated by regional divisions of WOSM and an independent body:
 * Kandersteg International Scout Centre in Switzerland, operated by the Scouts International Home association.
 * Cairo International Scout Centre in Egypt, operated by the Arab Region.

World Scout programmes
The Better World Framework combines the Scouts of the World Award, Messengers of Peace and World Scout Environment Programmes as programme initiatives administered by the World Scout Bureau.

World Scout emblem

The WOSM emblem and membership badge is the World Scout Emblem, a purple, circular logo with a fleur-de-lis in the center, surrounded by a length of rope tied with a reef knot (also called a square knot). Baden-Powell used a fleur-de-lis badge awarded to British Army scouts and subsequently adopted and modified the badge for Scouting. The arrowhead represents the North point on a compass, and is intended to point Scouts on the path to service and unity. The three points on the fleur-de-lis represent the three parts of the Scout Promise: - service to others, duty to God and obedience to the Scout Law. The two five-point stars stand for truth and knowledge, with the ten points representing the ten points of the Scout Law. The bond at the base of the fleur-de-lis symbolizes the family of Scouting. The encircling rope symbolizes the unity and family of the World Scout Movement.

Recognition of non-national Scouting organizations
The needs of Scout youth in unusual situations has created some interesting permutations, answerable directly to the World Scout Bureau. These permutations fall generally into three categories: Both the Boy Scouts of United Nations and the International Boy Scouts of the Canal Zone have long since disbanded, and the only remaining directly registered Troop is the International Boy Scouts, Troop 1 located in Yokohama, Japan.
 * "National" Movements not operating within the boundaries of their original homelands, such as the Russian and Armenian exile groups;
 * Small, non-voting associations basically viewed by the BSIB as "councils", such as the Boy Scouts of the United Nations and the International Boy Scouts of the Canal Zone
 * The less well-known directly registered "mixed-nationality Troops".

In addition to these three groups a temporary recognition was extended by the BSIB to Scouts in displaced persons camps after World War II. In 1947 at the 11th International Conference the "Displaced Persons Division" of the BSIB was established to register and support Scouts in displaced person camps in Austria, Northern Italy, and Germany. These Scouts did not receive the right of membership in the Boy Scouts International Conference but gained recognition as Scouts under the protection of the Bureau until they took up residence in a country that had a recognized National Scouting Organization, which they then could join. The D.P. Division was closed on 30 June 1950.

The International Conference of the Boy Scout Movement decided to admit and recognise the exile Russian Scout group as the "Representatives of Russian Scouting in Foreign Countries" on 30 August 1922 and the Armenian Scouts in France were recognized as a "National Movement on Foreign Soil" on 30 April 1929.

The Boy Scouts of the United Nations began in 1945, and for years there was an active Boy Scouts of the United Nations with several troops at Parkway Village in New York City, with but 14 members in 1959.

The International Boy Scouts of the Canal Zone, a group in Panama with Scouts that claimed British and not Panamanian nationality was originally placed under the American Scouting overseas of the BSA but, in 1947, was transferred under the International Bureau. In 1957 the group had over 900 members and existed as a directly registered group until the late 60s.

The third category in the directly registered groups, the "mixed-nationality troops", were registered after discussions concerning such troops took place at the 3rd International Conference of 1924 at which the BSIB was authorized to directly register such groups. It seems that the discussion at the 1924 International Conference was, at least in part, prompted by a letter to Baden-Powell from the Scoutmaster of one such troop in Yokohama, Japan. Janning's troop became the first troop directly registered by the BSIB. Only a few troops were directly registered as soon the practice was discontinued and new "mixed" groups were encouraged to join the National Scout Association of their country of residence. In 1955 only two such groups were still active, a troop in Iraq that disbanded that year, and the first group to be registered, the International Troop 1 in Yokohama. The international troop in Yokohama is the only remaining active troop of the small group of the originally directly registered mixed-nationality troops.

Inter-religious Forum of World Scouting
The Inter-religious Forum of World Scouting serves as a working-group for the religions and beliefs represented in Scouting. There are eight main religious groups represented in the Inter-religious Forum of World Scouting:
 * CPGS – Council of Protestants in Guiding and Scouting
 * DESMOS – International Link of Orthodox Christian Scouts
 * ICCS – International Catholic Conference of Scouting
 * IFJS – International Forum of Jewish Scouts
 * IUMS – International Union of Muslim Scouts
 * WBSB – World Buddhist Scout Brotherhood
 * The Church of the Latter Day Saints

Publications
Publications of WOSM include:
 * Scouting 'Round the World: a book updated every three years with details on all WOSM member organizations;
 * WorldInfo : a monthly circular distributed in electronic format with the help of Scoutnet.


text:
Tol Air

Tol Air (Tol Air Services Inc.) was a charter and cargo airline based at Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport in San Juan, Puerto Rico. It was established in 1981 and started operations on 16 May 1983. It operated daily cargo charter flights from Puerto Rico to 10 destinations in the Caribbean. In April 2006, Tol Air was purchased by Four Star Air Cargo.

Code data

 * IATA Code: TI
 * ICAO Code: TOL
 * Callsign: Tol Air

Fleet
The Tol Air fleet consisted of the following aircraft:
 * 4 Beech E18S
 * 3 Cessna 402
 * 1 Cessna 208
 * 3 Convair 240
 * 2 Convair 440
 * 2 Douglas C-47 Skytrain
 * 5 Douglas DC-3
 * 1 Douglas C-54 Skymaster
 * 1 Martin 4-0-4
 * 1 Swearingen SA226-TC Metro II

Accidents and incidents

 * On 30 December 2003, Douglas DC-3C N781T was substantially damaged when the starboard undercarriage collapsed on landing at Cyril E. King Airport, Charlotte Amalie after a flight that originated at San Juan, Puerto Rico.

title: Tol Air


text:
Sumiton, Alabama

Sumiton is a city in Jefferson and Walker counties in the State of Alabama. It incorporated in 1952. At the 2010 census the population was 2,520, down from 2,665 in 2000.

Geography
Sumiton is located at 33.74722°N, -87.04667°W (33.747213, -87.046716).

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.3 sqmi, all land.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 2,444 people, 993 households, and 574 families residing in the city.

2010 census
At the 2010 census, there were 2,520 people, 1,002 households, and 696 families living in the city. The population density was 475.5 PD/sqmi. There were 1,134 housing units at an average density of 214.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 93.2% White, 4.0% Black or African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 0.6% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. 0.8% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 1,002 households, 26.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.9% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.5% were non-families. 27.1% of households were one person and 12.7% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.02.

The age distribution was 22.7% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 23.2% from 25 to 44, 27.5% from 45 to 64, and 17.6% 65 or older. The median age was 41.4 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.3 males.

The median household income was $34,036 and the median family income was $45,028. Males had a median income of $43,500 versus $27,813 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,162. About 15.4% of families and 18.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.4% of those under age 18 and 9.6% of those age 65 or over.

2000 census
At the 2000 census, there were 2,665 people, 1,096 households, and 780 families living in the city. The population density was 504.9 PD/sqmi. There were 1,205 housing units at an average density of 228.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 93.21% White, 3.60% Black or African American, 0.34% Native American, 0.15% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.60% from other races, and 2.06% from two or more races. 0.71% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 1,096 households 28.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.2% were married couples living together, 13.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.8% were non-families. 27.1% of households were one person and 12.2% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.89.

The age distribution was 21.4% under the age of 18, 9.3% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 27.7% from 45 to 64, and 15.8% 65 or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.4 males.

The median household income was $42,364 and the median family income was $36,086. Males had a median income of $36,979 versus $26,250 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,032. About 15.5% of families and 17.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.1% of those under age 18 and 16.7% of those age 65 or over.

History
The city of Sumiton began after the Civil War as a mining town surrounding a railroad. It was incorporated in 1952. Sumiton's name, which was coined by founder Nicholas M. Norris in 1926, is derived from its location being at one of the highest points in Walker County. It had also been previously known as Bald Eagle, Commercial, Democrat, and Summit. The first commercial mining venture in Sumiton was Philip and Moran’s Mining Company. The first post office opened in 1924, and the first public school in 1940.

Administration
As of 2023, the current Mayor of Sumiton is Petey Ellis, and the city council members are Floyd Burton, Jimmy Dodd, Bill Fowler, Micah Harrison, and Ken Russell.

Schools

 * Sumiton is home to two public schools, Sumiton Middle School and Sumiton Elementary School. Their mascot is the Bulldogs.
 * Sumiton has one private school, Sumiton Christian School, which includes K-12th grades. Their mascot is the Eagles.
 * Bevill State Community College is also located in Sumiton.

Parks
Sumiton has a newly renovated baseball/softball park located on main street (1039 Main Street Sumiton Al, 35148). This park is complete with a brand new playground. They also have a youth football field located beside the senior center (193 Bryan Road Sumiton Al, 35148).

Police Department
Located inside of City Hall (416 State Street Sumiton Al, 35148)

Chief: TJ Burnett

Assistant Chief: Daryl Nibblett

Many other Officers that protect the city daily

Fire Department
Located across from the Senior Center (228 Bryan Road Sumiton Al, 35148)

Chief: David Waid

Notable Events
Frog Festival: The Frog festival is held the first Saturday of October annually. https://www.thecityofsumiton.com/

Notable people

 * Harlan Mathews, United States Senator from Tennessee in 1993 and 1994
 * Jimi Westbrook, member of Little Big Town

title: Sumiton, Alabama


text:
Sylvan Springs, Alabama

Sylvan Springs is a town in Jefferson County, Alabama, United States, located northwest of the Birmingham suburb of Pleasant Grove. It incorporated on May 22, 1957. At the 2010 census the population was 1,542, up from 1,465 in 2000. This area was damaged by an F5 tornado on April 8, 1998, including the First United Methodist Church of Sylvan Springs.

Geography
Sylvan Springs is located at 33.51278°N, -87.02056°W (33.512650, -87.020636).

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 3.5 sqmi, all land.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 1,653 people, 645 households, and 515 families residing in the town.

2010 census
At the 2010 census, there were 1,542 people, 611 households, and 463 families living in the town. The population density was 440.6 PD/sqmi. There were 650 housing units at an average density of 185.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.3% White, 1.4% Black or African American, 0.5% Native American, 0.0% Asian, and 0.7% from two or more races. 0.5% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 611 households 22.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.0% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.2% were non-families. 21.6% of households were one person and 12.6% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 2.92.

The age distribution was 20.4% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 23.5% from 25 to 44, 30.5% from 45 to 64, and 19.7% 65 or older. The median age was 45.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.6 males.

The median household income was $60,938 and the median family income was $71,944. Males had a median income of $56,250 versus $37,692 for females. The per capita income for the town was $25,653. About 5.4% of families and 7.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.0% of those under age 18 and 6.0% of those age 65 or over.

2000 census
At the 2000 census, there were 1,465 people, 589 households, and 461 families living in the town. The population density was 420.3 PD/sqmi. There were 610 housing units at an average density of 175.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.63% White, 0.68% Black or African American, 0.34% Native American, 0.07% Asian, and 0.27% from two or more races. 0.48% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 589 households 26.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.6% were married couples living together, 7.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.7% were non-families. 19.9% of households were one person and 10.7% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 2.85.

The age distribution was 18.0% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 26.6% from 25 to 44, 28.6% from 45 to 64, and 18.2% 65 or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.1 males.

The median household income was $42,692 and the median family income was $49,853. Males had a median income of $37,500 versus $23,350 for females. The per capita income for the town was $20,338. About 3.9% of families and 4.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.0% of those under age 18 and 7.8% of those age 65 or over.

title: Sylvan Springs, Alabama