text:
Larchmont, New York

Larchmont is an affluent village located within the Town of Mamaroneck in Westchester County, New York. It's a suburb of New York City, located approximately 18 mi northeast of Midtown Manhattan. The population of the village was 5,864 at the 2010 census. In February 2019, Bloomberg ranked Larchmont as the 15th wealthiest place in the United States and the third wealthiest in New York.

Colonial period
Originally inhabited by the Siwanoy (an Algonquian tribe), Larchmont was explored by the Dutch in 1614. In 1661, John Richbell, a merchant from Hampshire, England, traded a minimal amount of goods and trinkets with the Siwanoy in exchange for land that is today known as the Town of Mamaroneck. The purchase included three peninsulas of land that lay between the Mamaroneck River to the east and Pelham Manor to the west. The east neck is now known as Orienta while the middle neck is what is now known as Larchmont Manor. The third neck was later sold and is now known as Davenport Neck in New Rochelle. The purchase was contested by Thomas Revell who, one month following Richbell's purchase, bought the land from the Siwanoy at a higher price. Richbell petitioned Governor Stuyvesant, Director General of the Colonies of the New Netherland, and Richbell was issued the land patent in 1662. In 1664 Great Britain took control of the colonies and Richbell received an English title for his lands in 1668 whereupon he began to encourage settlement. In 1675 Richbell leased his "Middle Neck" to his brother however when he died in 1684 none of his original property remained in his name. In 1700, Samuel Palmer, who had been elected the Town's first supervisor in 1697, obtained the original leases on the "Middle Neck", and in 1722 the Palmer family obtained full title to the land which included what is now the Incorporated Village of Larchmont.

Larchmont's oldest and most historic home, the "Manor House" on Elm Avenue, was built in 1797 by Peter Jay Munro. Munro was the nephew of John Jay, the first Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court, and was later adopted by Jay. At the beginning of the 19th century, Munro was active in the abolitionist movement, helping to found the New York State Manumission Society, along with his uncle and Alexander Hamilton. In 1795 Munro had purchased much of the land owned by Samuel Palmer and by 1828 he owned all of the "Middle Neck" south of the Post Road and much of the land north of the Post Road as well. Munro later became a lawyer with Aaron Burr's law firm and built a home in Larchmont Manor known as the Manor House. Munro's house faced towards the Boston Post Road (the back is now used as the front), which tended to generate a lot of dust in summer months. To combat this, his gardener imported a Scottish species of larch trees that were known to be fast growing. These were planted along the front of the property, eventually giving the village its name.

Summer resort
When Munro died in 1833, his son Henry inherited the property which he subsequently lost and sold at auction in 1845 to Edward Knight Collins, owner of a steamship line. By the end of the Civil War in 1865, Collins had gone bankrupt and his estate was put up for auction and purchased by Thompson J.S. Flint. Flint divided the estate into building lots and called his development company the Larchmont Manor Company. Flint converted the Munro Mansion into an inn for prospective buyers and reserved some waterfront land for use as a park for the future residents of the Manor. After 1872 the area became a popular summer resort for wealthy New Yorkers. The arrival of the New York & New Haven Railroad replaced the stagecoach and steamboat as the main mode of transportation to and from New York City, making it much easier to commute and thus, modernizing travel which ultimately helped develop much of Westchester from farmland into suburbs by the 1900s.

Establishment of village
The New York legislature created Mamaroneck as a town in 1788, which includes a part of the Village of Mamaroneck, The Village of Larchmont, and the unincorporated area in the Town of Mamaroneck. This three part division occurred in the 1890s to meet the growing demand for municipal services which the town could not provide. At the time, a town was defined as only being able to provide basic government functions leaving residents of Larchmont in need of adequate water supply, sewage disposal, garbage collection, and police and fire protection. In 1891 the residents of Larchmont Manor obtained a charter from the legislature in which they incorporated that section of Town into a village. In order to comply with a law requiring incorporated villages to have at least 300 inhabitants per square mile, the boundaries of the newly incorporated Larchmont village were expanded beyond the Manor's 288 acre to include land to its north and south of the railroad, and east to Weaver Street.

After the advent of the automobile, Larchmont quickly transitioned from a resort community into one of the earliest suburbs in the United States, catering to wealthy individuals commuting to and from New York City for work on a daily basis. Many of the Victorian "cottages" and a grand hotels (such as the Bevan House and Manor Inn) remain to this day, though these have been converted to other uses such as private residences. The Larchmont Yacht Club hosts an annual Race Week competition (2007 marked the 110th running of this event). It is adjacent to Manor Park, which was designed by Jeremiah Towle, an early summer resident of Larchmont Manor and an engineer. The Larchmont Shore Club (near the Larchmont Yacht Club) hosts an annual Swim Across America challenge, across Long Island Sound.

Larchmont and neighboring Mamaroneck and New Rochelle are noted for their significant French American populace mostly due to the French-American School of New York.

Larchmont, Los Angeles is likely named after Larchmont.

Geography
Larchmont is located at 40.92611°N, -73.75306°W (40.926201, −73.753108), about 18 mi from midtown Manhattan.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.1 sqmi, all of it land.

A source of confusion for non-locals is that a large portion of the area served by the Larchmont Post Office (zip code 10538) is actually not in the incorporated Village of Larchmont, but is part of the "unincorporated area" of the Town of Mamaroneck.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 6,485 people, 2,418 households, and 1,709 families residing in the village. The population density was 6,073.6 people per square mile (2,340.1/km2). There were 2,470 housing units at an average density of 2,313.3 per square mile (891.3/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 92% White, 2% African American, 0.09% Native American, 2.82% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 0.77% from other races, and 1.33% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.97% of the population.

There were 2,418 households, out of which 38.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.6% were married couples living together, 6.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.3% were non-families. 25.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.25.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 29.3% under the age of 18, 3.9% from 18 to 24, 30.1% from 25 to 44, 23.7% from 45 to 64, and 12.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.5 males.

According to a 2009 estimate, the median income for a household in the village was $165,375, and the median income for a family was $204,695. The per capita income for the village was $109,664. About 1.6% of families and 2.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.5% of those under age 18 and 5.1% of those age 65 or over.

Education
One of the six schools of the Mamaroneck Union Free School District is located in the Village of Larchmont: Chatsworth Avenue School, which was established in 1903. Other elementary schools and the high school are in the Town of Mamaroneck: Central School, Hommocks Middle School, and Murray Avenue School.

Additionally, Saints John and Paul School is a co-educational, Roman Catholic school for grades K–8 which opened its doors in 1952. It is the parish school of Saints John and Paul Church.

Parks and recreation

 * Flint Park – offers a variety of sports facilities, including tennis and paddle tennis, three baseball fields, soccer fields, basketball courts, a picnic area, and a playground.
 * Hommocks Park – features a pool, soccer field, baseball fields, and an ice rink where the New York Raptors play. They host an annual Thanksgiving tournament for some Special Hockey International teams. The Raptors are a special needs hockey team that formed in 1996. This is one of the home arenas the Raptors play at. They also play at Westchester Skating Academy. The rink is also home to the Mamaroneck High School hockey team and the Mamaroneck Tigers Youth Hockey Team. The rink is not only used for ice purposes, but other non ice purposes as well.
 * Lorenzen Park – home to village Little League and Soccer League fields.
 * Manor Park – situated along Long Island Sound, with walking paths and views of the water. The park is open to the public but is privately owned by the Larchmont Manor Park Society (which also maintains a beach within the park).
 * Pine Brook Park – a play area for young children, along with a ballfield.
 * Vanderburgh Park – also known as "Turtle Park", a play area for small children and toddlers.
 * Willow/Woodbine Park – an opportunity for observing nature along the Premium River (includes basketball courts, soccer field, and a play area for both toddlers and young children).
 * Memorial Park - the park includes four tennis courts, a tennis backboard, a large field, a picnic area, and a playground. It is situated in the town of Mamaroneck, directly opposite the Larchmont Village train station.

In popular culture

 * The Book of Skulls by Robert Silverberg names Larchmont as an example of the sort of towns where affluent youths come from on a Saturday night to belittle one of the book's protagonists who lives in New York City.
 * Mad Men: At 16 minutes, 6 seconds into Season 2, episode 8, Crab Colson comments to Roger Sterling et al. on how lovely it is to travel by taking a "sloop from his folks' place in Old Lyme all the way down to Larchmont for race week."
 * All in the Family: Archie Bunker is stuck in an elevator with a wealthy elderly black man who states in a somewhat snobby voice, "I'm the vice chairman of the Larchmont Rotary. I live in Larchmont."
 * The 1983 PBS WonderWorks film How to Be a Perfect Person in Just Three Days was filmed partially in Larchmont “
 * Family Guy: A flashforward shows a middle-aged Stewie going over his phone bills, and shouting out to his unseen wife, "A 20-minute call to Larchmont!? Who do we know in Larchmont?" to which she responds, "my sister-in-law".
 * The Odd Couple: When Felix sells all of the furniture in the apartment to redecorate, two women show up for the sale at 12:01am. When told they must come back in the morning they lament "We came all the way from Larchmont."
 * Wall Street: when Gordon Gekko and Bud Fox are in the change room of the health club, Gekko asks another member, "How's Larchmont treating you?"
 * Rabbit Hole: play by David Lindsay-Abaire; set in Larchmont
 * I'll Be Home for Christmas: Jonathan Taylor Thomas of Home Improvement, makes his way cross-country from California to his home in Larchmont, N.Y., at Christmas break while glued inside a Santa suit.
 * Home scenes in The Smurfs starring Neil Patrick Harris were shot in Larchmont.
 * The West Wing: In season 3 episode 8, when speaking with President Bartlet, Bruno Gianelli says, "When I was a teenager, I crewed Larchmont to Nassau on a 58 ft sloop called Cantice."
 * Larchmont: 2016 independent feature film set in the town
 * Too Big to Fail: In the book, Tim Geithner ponders accepting the offer to become the CEO of Citi while strolling in Larchmont
 * The Evening News, Arthur Hailey novel, 1990: The novel's protagonist and his family lived in Larchmont, and some of the key action takes place there.
 * Succession (season 2, episode 4) filmed at St John's Episcopal Church in Larchmont

Notable people

 * Frederick Upham Adams, noted inventor and author
 * Edward Albee, Pulitzer and Tony Award-winning playwright
 * Edward Franklin Albee II, Vaudeville impresario
 * Tommy Armour, golfer who won the U.S. Open, PGA Championship, and the British Open
 * Michael "Flea" Balzary, "Flea" of the Red Hot Chili Peppers, bassist
 * Maurice Barrymore, actor and patriarch of the Barrymore family
 * Jason Bay, a Major League Baseball player, formerly a left fielder for the New York Mets
 * Arnold Bernstein, German-American shipowner
 * Elizabeth Berridge, film and theatre actress
 * Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Italian (Jewish) composer
 * Young Yang Chung, world-renowned textile scholar and founder of the Chung Young Yang Embroidery Museum at Sookmyung Women's University
 * Peter Coleman, World Class Sailor, Won the gold medal. Mallory Cup, in 1983 for North American Men's Sailing Championship, is named in the Inter-collegiate Sailing Association Hall of Fame.
 * Aimee Crocker, Gilded-age era heiress, princess, Bohemian and mystic
 * Agnes de Lima, journalist and writer on education
 * Salvatore Di Vittorio, Italian composer and conductor
 * Georgiana Drew, stage actress
 * Douglas Fairbanks, actor, screenwriter, director, and producer noted for his swashbuckling roles in silent films
 * Gerard Finneran, Wall Street investment banker arrested after 1995 air rage incident.
 * Tom Frieden, former head of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
 * Dan Futterman, actor and Oscar-nominated screenwriter, The Birdcage, Capote
 * Michael Gargiulo, NBC New York Anchor
 * Timothy Geithner, Former United States Secretary of the Treasury (2009—2013)
 * D. W. Griffith, Academy Award–winning film director
 * Adelaide Hall, Jazz singer and Broadway star; lived in Kilmer Road with her husband Bert Hicks between 1932 – 1936
 * Erica Hill, journalist and broadcaster
 * Homer Hoyt, land economist
 * Michael Harrington, American socialist writer and theorist, author of The Other America
 * Moss Hart, award-winning playwright
 * Tor Hyams, Grammy nominated songwriter and producer.
 * Gregg Jarrett, Fox News and Court TV Anchor
 * C. Paul Jennewein, sculptor
 * Arshag Karagheusian, Armenian-American rug manufacturer and co-owner of A & M Karagheusian
 * Jean Kerr, novelist and playwright
 * Walter Kerr, writer and Pulitzer Prize-winning theater critic of The New York Times
 * Marie Killilea, author best known for her books Karen and With Love From Karen
 * Elizabeth Kolbert, journalist (The New Yorker) and author
 * Ang Lee, Oscar-winning director
 * Jasun Martz, award-winning musician who recorded with Michael Jackson, toured with Frank Zappa, and arranged the Starship #1 hit, "We Built This City".
 * James McCaffrey, American actor
 * Phyllis McGinley, poet and author
 * Gavin McInnes, co-founder of Vice, founder of the alt-right Proud Boys group, writer and political commentator
 * Bennett Miller, American director
 * George Mitchell, American actor of stage, film, and television, born in Larchmont in 1905.
 * Nicholas Nassim Taleb, author of The Black Swan, Fooled by Randomness and other books
 * Michael O'Keefe, actor (The Great Santini, Caddyshack, Roseanne)
 * Chris Kerson, American film, television, and theater actor
 * Rosselle Pekelis, Judge of the Washington Supreme Court and King County Superior Court
 * Alfred E. Perlman, railroad executive, president of New York Central and Penn Central 1954-1970, lived in Larchmont during his tenure.
 * Mary Pickford, Academy Award–winning actress and a co-founder of the film studio United Artists
 * Martin Quigley, Jr., publisher, politician (Larchmont mayor), author, spy
 * Joan Rivers, actress and comedian (may not have actually lived within the boundaries of Larchmont, but talked about the village in her early comedy routines)
 * Amelia Rosselli, poet
 * James Rubin, US Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs (1997—2000), was raised in Larchmont
 * David O. Russell, award-winning movie director
 * Doc Severinsen, pop and jazz trumpeter
 * Lesley Jane Seymour, editor, entrepreneur
 * Amy Siskind, political activist
 * William Lee Stoddart, architect known mainly for hotels in the pre-World War II era
 * Paul Terry, founder of Terrytoons
 * Alton Tobey, artist
 * George Vergara, Played with the Four Horsemen at the University of Notre Dame, Lineman on the Green Bay Packers, NCAA Referee, NFL Referee, Mayor of New Rochelle from 1955 to 1960
 * Vincent Youmans, Broadway composer best known for composing "Tea for Two"
 * Alexander von Zemlinsky, Austrian composer, conductor and brother-in-law of Arnold Schoenberg
 * Anastasio Somoza Debayle, former President of Nicaragua, would stay at the family home of Stephen Colbert's mother in Larchmont during the holidays while attending boarding school.

title: Larchmont, New York


text:
Lewisboro, New York

Lewisboro is a town in Westchester County, New York, United States. The population was 12,265 at the 2020 census. The town is named after John Lewis, an early settler. Lewisboro is a suburb of New York City.

History
After purchasing land from the local natives, the first settlers established themselves around South Salem. The town was formed as "Salem" in 1747. By 1790 the town assumed its current dimensions as lands were removed for other towns. The name changed to South Salem in 1806. John Lewis, a financier, requested that the town be given his name and established a fund for the town, though he did not follow through on his promise of a railroad link. An abundance of natural open space, Dry-stone walls and elegant Colonial mansions are dominant features.

Lewisboro has had two noteworthy historical characters. Sarah Bishop was the hermit of West Mountain. Apparently mistreated by British soldiers at the time of the Revolutionary War, she retreated to a solitary life in the Lewisboro area. A spot known as "Sarah Bishop's Cave" is on the hill on the north side of Lake Rippowam, near Mountain Lakes Camp. The second historical character appeared around the time of the Civil War. The Leatherman was a wanderer who got his name from homemade leather garments. He is frequently mentioned as being in Lewisboro in the middle of the 19th century. He followed a route past homes that would offer him a meal and reappeared at the same doorsteps for 25 years. One of the hiking destinations in Ward Pound Ridge is to the Leatherman's cave, reportedly one of his more frequent homes. In 1987, a 10k trail race called "The Leatherman's Loop" was started to honor his legacy and continues every spring at the Ward Pound Ridge Reservation.

The Mead Memorial Chapel was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

Geography
The east town line is the border of Ridgefield, Connecticut and Wilton, Connecticut, while the southern border is the town of New Canaan, Connecticut. Interstate 684 passes near the west side of the town. The town's unusual chevron shape is partly the result of The Oblong, created during the resolution of the boundary dispute between Connecticut and New York.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 29.1 sqmi, of which 27.9 sqmi is land and 1.3 sqmi, or 4.36%, is water.

Demographics
The census of 2000 counted 12,324 people living in the town, living in 4,218 households, of which 3,425 were families. The population density was 442.5 PD/sqmi. There were 4,465 housing units at an average density of 160.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 95.18% White, 1.19% African American, 0.06% Native American, 2.09% Asian, 0.49% from other races, and 0.99% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.48% of the population.

There were 4,218 households, of which 47.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 72.9% were married couples living together, 6.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.8% were non-families. 15.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.91 and the average family size was 3.26.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 31.6% under the age of 18, 3.8% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 29.0% from 45 to 64, and 7.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.3 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $112,462, and the median income for a family was $157,412. Males had a median income of $84,616 versus $48,900 for females. The per capita income for the town was $54,795. About 1.4% of families and 1.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.3% of those under age 18 and 2.7% of those age 65 or over.

Town life
Unlike the neighboring communities of Katonah and Ridgefield, Lewisboro does not have a downtown business district. Most residents in town do their shopping at plazas in Golden's Bridge, Cross River, Vista, or Ridgefield, CT.

Communities and locations in Lewisboro

 * Cross River
 * Golden's Bridge
 * South Salem
 * Vista
 * Waccabuc

Parks and preserves
Lewisboro is rich in natural areas and is a component of the biotic corridor. Two Westchester County Parks are on Lewisboro's borders, and there are six town parks and several community preserves.

 * Ward Pound Ridge Reservation is Westchester County's largest (4,700 acre) park. In addition to many trails, there are camping facilities and a Trailside Museum. The main entrance is on Route 121 in Cross River.
 * Mountain Lakes Camp is a county park on the northern border of Lewisboro, with beautiful ponds and trails in the forest. The most popular trail leads to "Look Out Point", which is perched on top of a cliff overlooking Lake Waccabuc, Lake Oscaleta and Lake Rippowam.
 * Onatru Farm on Elmwood Road is one of Lewisboro's preëminent parks and includes tennis facilities and playing fields as well as some town offices. This area also includes some walking trails.
 * The Lewisboro Town Park on Route 35 contains tennis courts, the town pool, ball fields, and outdoor basketball courts. When ice skating is available in winter, a sign is posted.  There are also some walking trails in this park that connect to the adjacent Ward Pound Ridge Reservation. From the late 1960s to early 1980s there was a ski tow with two beginner trails, funded and given to the town by the local Lion's Club.
 * The Leon Levy Preserve was acquired by the town in 2006 as open space. While some trails exist in this 370 acre parcel, as of 2008 additional horse and hiking trails are under development and parking is still limited.
 * The Brownell Preserve is 118 acre of forested land given to the town. It has a 2 mi trail that loops past an overlook of Lake Katonah.
 * The Old Field Preserve was obtained in 2003, and contains about 100 acre of woods, wetlands, and sizable old fields (thus, the name). The meadows will be preserved to support the birds and animals that are dependent upon this increasingly rare habitat.
 * Fox Valley Park has a variety of sports facilities for the town, including very busy soccer fields, ball fields, and tennis courts.

Lakes and reservoirs
There are 7 lakes in the town of Lewisboro. Lake Waccabuc, Lake Oscaleta, and Lake Rippowam are interconnected and are collectively known as the Three Lakes, and are natural (not man-made) lakes. Lake Waccabuc is the largest and most well-known of these, and the area of town named after it has a separate post office. Lake Oscaleta and Lake Rippowam are also called the Twin Lakes, probably because of Twin Lakes Village, a development which runs between them. The other lakes in town are Lake Truesdale, Lake Katonah, Lake Kitchawan, and Timber Lake. Recognizing the importance of the lake communities in the town, in 2007 a Lakes Committee was formed by the Town of Lewisboro.

Additionally, there are a number of reservoirs in the town of Lewisboro, utilized by cities such as Norwalk, Connecticut.

Schools in Lewisboro
The public schools in Lewisboro are part of the Katonah-Lewisboro School District. John Jay High School, located in Cross River, is the only high school in the Katonah-Lewisboro School District. It has been ranked as one of the top 200 high-schools in the nation by Newsweek magazine. John Jay Middle School is also in Cross River on the same campus as John Jay High School.

Transportation
Lewisboro is crossed by New York State Route 123,Which is a continuation of the Connecticut state route of the same name. The road runs through Lewisboro until intersecting with New York State Route 35. Housatonic Area Regional Transit (HART) operates a weekday commuter shuttle between Katonah station and the South Salem Municipal park and ride lot at 606 Old Post Rd.

Notable people
A list of notable Waccabuc residents can be found on the hamlet's page.

 * John Callahan, Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Instruction
 * Richard B. Handler, Chairman & CEO Jeffries
 * Robert Castelli, State Assemblyman
 * Andy Milonakis, comedian
 * Chris Jasper, musician, composer, member of the Isley Brothers
 * Roger Stone (b. 1952), Republican Party strategist and pollster
 * Jeffrey Tambor, actor
 * Stanley Tucci, actor
 * Henry A. Wallace, Vice President - 1941-1945, Secretary of Agriculture - 1933-1940

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Lewisboro, New York


text:
Lincolndale, New York

Lincolndale is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located in the town of Somers in Westchester County, New York, United States. The population was 1,521 at the 2010 census.

Geography
Lincolndale is located at 41.33889°N, -73.72583°W (41.338983, -73.725756).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the hamlet has a total area of 2.6 km2, of which 2.5 km2 is land and 0.1 sqkm, or 4.15%, is water.

Demographics
At the 2000 census there were 2,018 people, 717 households, and 590 families residing in the hamlet. The population density was 1,441.2 PD/sqmi. There were 742 housing units at an average density of 529.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the hamlet was 96.68% White, 0.74% African American, 0.05% Native American, 1.39% Asian, 0.15% from other races, and 0.99% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.58%.

Of the 717 households, 43.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 70.0% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.6% were non-families. 14.6% of households were one person, and 5.4% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.81 and the average family size was 3.12.

In the hamlet the population was spread out, with 27.8% under the age of 18, 4.7% from 18 to 24, 33.0% from 25 to 44, 24.9% from 45 to 64, and 9.6% 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.8 males.

The median household income was $89,087 and the median family income was $96,290. Males had a median income of $66,875 versus $50,938 for females. The per capita income for the hamlet was $36,024. About 1.4% of families and 0.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under the age of 18, or over 65.

title: Lincolndale, New York


text:
Mount Pleasant, New York

Mount Pleasant is a town in Westchester County, New York, United States, in the New York metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the town population was 44,436. The hamlets of Valhalla, Hawthorne, Pocantico Hills, and Thornwood, and the villages of Pleasantville, Sleepy Hollow, and a small portion of Briarcliff Manor lie within the town.

History
The John D. Rockefeller Estate Kykuit in Pocantico Hills was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976 as a National Historic Landmark.

Geography
Mount Pleasant is located about 27 miles north of Manhattan. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 32.7 sqmi, of which 27.7 sqmi is land and 5.0 sqmi, or 15.26%, is water.

Demographics
At the 2000 census there were 43,221 people, 13,737 households, and 10,522 families in the town. The population density was 1,560.5 PD/sqmi. There were 13,985 housing units at an average density of 504.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 84.25% White, 5.07% Black, 0.24% Native American, 3.26% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 5.02% from other races, and 2.11% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 14.01%.

Of the 13,737 households 38.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.0% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.4% were non-families. 18.4% of households were one person and 7.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.89 and the average family size was 3.30.

The age distribution was 26.0% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 30.7% from 25 to 44, 22.6% from 45 to 64, and 12.4% 65 or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.1 males.

The median household income was $81,072 and the median family income was $96,403 (these figures had risen to $103,657 and $129,077 respectively as of a 2007 estimate ). Males had a median income of $60,761 versus $41,023 for females. The per capita income for the town was $35,468. About 2.6% of families and 4.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.2% of those under age 18 and 3.5% of those age 65 or over.

Communities

 * Archville - a hamlet south of Scarborough
 * Briarcliff Manor – the eastern portion of this village is located in the town
 * Hawthorne – a hamlet located in the eastern portion of the town
 * Pleasantville – a village located in the northeastern section of the town
 * Pocantico Hills – a hamlet centrally located in the town, northeast of Sleepy Hollow and southwest of Pleasantville
 * Scarborough – a hamlet in the northern part of the town, divided between Briarcliff Manor and Ossining
 * Sleepy Hollow (formerly North Tarrytown) – a village located in the southwestern section of the town
 * Thornwood – a hamlet located just south of Pleasantville
 * Valhalla – a hamlet in the southeastern portion of the town. The hamlet is the location of the town hall.

Biotechnology research center
In April 2017, Westchester County officials unveiled plans for a 3-million-square-foot biotechnology hub to be built with US$1.2 billion in private investment on vacant land adjacent to Westchester Medical Center in Valhalla. The bioscience center, a public-private partnership, is anticipated to create 12,000 new jobs and include over 2.25 million square feet of biotechnology research space.

title: Mount Pleasant, New York


text:
Mount Vernon, New York

Mount Vernon is a city in Westchester County, New York, United States. It is an inner suburb of New York City, immediately to the north of the borough of the Bronx. As of the 2020 census, Mount Vernon had a population of 73,893, making it the 24th-largest municipality in the state and largest African-American majority city in the state. Mount Vernon has 12,898 Jamaicans with African and Indian descent that had immigrated from their homeland of Jamaica after the country gained its independence from Britain on August 6, 1962.

Mount Vernon has two major sections. South-side Mount Vernon is more urban, while north-side Mount Vernon is more residential. Mount Vernon's downtown business district is on the city's south side, which includes City Hall, Mount Vernon's main post office, Mount Vernon Public Library, office buildings, and other municipal establishments.

History
The Mount Vernon area was first settled in 1664 by families from Connecticut as part of the Town of Eastchester. Mount Vernon became a village in 1853, and a city in 1892. Early development was driven by the New York Industrial Home Association No. 1, a home building cooperative organized to build homes for "tradesmen, employees, and other persons of small means".

Mount Vernon takes its name from George Washington's Mount Vernon plantation in Virginia, much as neighboring Wakefield (in the Bronx) was named for the Virginia plantation where Washington was born.

In 1894, the voters of Mount Vernon participated in a referendum on whether to consolidate into a new "City of Greater New York". The cities of Brooklyn (coterminous with Kings County) and Long Island City, the western towns and villages of Queens County, and all of Richmond County (present day Staten Island) all voted to join with the existing city (present day Manhattan and The Bronx). However, the returns were so negative in Mount Vernon and the adjacent city of Yonkers that those two areas were not included in the consolidated city and remain independent to this day.

The Mount Vernon Public Library, a gift to the city from Andrew Carnegie, opened in 1904 and is now part of the Westchester Library System, providing educational, cultural and computer services to county residents of all ages. The Mount Vernon Trust Company, opened in 1903. It was the largest bank in Westchester County, with branches in the east and west sections of the city.

During the 1960s, Mount Vernon was a divided city on the brink of a "northern style" segregation. Many African Americans from the southern United States migrated north and settled in the city of Mount Vernon for better job opportunities and educational advancements. At the same time, many white Americans from the Bronx and Manhattan looked to Mount Vernon as a new "bedroom community" because of rising crime in New York City (a "white flight" factor contributed as well). As a result, Mount Vernon became divided in two by the New Haven Line railroad tracks of the Metro-North Railroad: North Side and South Side. The population south of the tracks became predominantly African-American, while that north of the tracks was largely white.

At the height of this segregation in the 1970s, August Petrillo was mayor. When he died, Thomas E. Sharpe was elected mayor. Upon Sharpe's death in 1984, Carmella Iaboni took office as acting mayor until Ronald Blackwood was elected; Blackwood was the first Afro-Caribbean mayor of the city (as well as of any city in New York State). In 1996, Ernest D. Davis was elected the mayor of Mount Vernon; he served until 2007. Clinton I. Young, Jr. became the city's mayor on January 1, 2008. Four years later, on January 1, 2012, Ernest D. Davis became the 21st mayor of Mount Vernon. In 2013, Davis was investigated for failure to report rental income. In 2015, Richard Thomas defeated Davis in an upset victory in the September primary. in the November general election, Thomas received 71% of the votes to become the mayor of Mount Vernon.

In the subsequent 2019 election, Shawyn Patterson-Howard unseated the incumbent Mayor Thomas in a hotly contested June primary to become the new Democratic nominee and went on to capture 81% of the vote to defeat André Wallace (who had since been named Acting Mayor and ran as a Republican) in the general election in November to become the first black woman mayor of Mount Vernon (and of any city in Westchester County).

Mount Vernon has in recent years undergone a transition from a city of homes and small businesses to a city of regional commerce. Between 2000 and 2006, Mount Vernon's economy grew 20.5%, making it one of the fastest-growing cities in the New York metropolitan area.

In January 2019, Moody withdrew its credit rating for Mount Vernon because of the city's failure to provide audited financial statements. The failure to prepare and deliver audited financial statements stemmed from a disagreement as to which entity would pay for the audit of the Urban Renewal Agency (URA), one of the city's agencies, and which auditing firm would perform the audit. Further clouding the city's financial condition is the prospect that it might have a repayment obligation to HUD in connection with grants previously awarded to the city

2019 Mayoral dispute
On July 9, 2019, mayor Richard Thomas pleaded guilty to stealing campaign funds and lying to the State Board of Elections. Thomas was ordered to resign from office by September 30, 2019. The city council then appointed council president Andre Wallace as acting mayor. Thomas refused to resign from his post. Wallace then appointed Shawn Harris as new police commissioner. After arriving for work, Thomas ordered the Mount Vernon Police to arrest Harris for trespassing. Harris was released after an order from the Westchester County District Attorney. Both Thomas and Wallace occupied offices in the city hall, with Thomas in the mayor's office, under the guard of the Mount Vernon Police. Finally, before a packed courtroom in White Plains, Judge Ecker made a decisive ruling that Thomas had actually vacated the office of mayor on July 8, that Wallace had automatically assumed the office at that time, and that Wallace would be the acting mayor of Mount Vernon until January 1, 2020.

Mount Vernon Charter Revision Commission
In March 2019, Mayor Richard Thomas called for the formation of the Mount Vernon Charter Revision Commission, suggesting the charter was antiquated, dating to the late 19th century. In August 2019, the Commission presented its final report which included four key proposed changes to the City's Charter:
 * 1) A new requirement for annual financial audits.
 * 2) Quarterly financial reports showing the city's fiscal condition.
 * 3) An updated comprehensive plan for economic growth.
 * 4) A periodic review of the city charter.

Notable sites
St. Paul's Church is a Mount Vernon attraction designated as a National Historic Site.

Mount Vernon sites included on the National Register of Historic Places include:
 * First United Methodist Church
 * John Stevens House
 * Trinity Episcopal Church Complex
 * United States Post Office on First Street
 * Former Con Edison Westchester County HQ, which is now Westchester County Social Services (Mount Vernon)

Location
Mount Vernon is at 40.91406°N, -73.83051°W (40.914060, −73.830507). It is the third-largest and the most densely populated city in Westchester County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 11.4 km2, of which 0.04 sqkm, or 0.39%, is water.

Mount Vernon is bordered by the village of Bronxville and city of New Rochelle to the north, by the town of Pelham and village of Pelham Manor to the east, by the Hutchinson River and the Eastchester and Wakefield sections of the Bronx to the south, and by the city of Yonkers and the Bronx River to the west.

Elevation
Mount Vernon's elevation at City Hall is about 235 ft, reflecting its location between the Bronx River to the west and the Hutchinson River to the east. On a clear day, the Throgs Neck Bridge can be seen from 10 mi away from many parts of the city, while at night, the bridge's lights can also be seen. The city's seal, created in 1892, depicts what were then considered the highest points in Mount Vernon: Trinity Place near Fourth Street, Vista Place at Barnes Avenue, and North 10th Avenue between Washington and Jefferson places. Since then, it was discovered that the city's highest elevation is on New York Route 22, North Columbus Avenue, at the Bronxville line.

Neighborhoods
Mount Vernon is typically divided into four major sections in four square miles: Downtown, Mount Vernon Heights, North Side, and South Side.

Downtown
Downtown Mount Vernon features the Gramatan Avenue and Fourth Avenue shopping district (known as "The Avenue" by locals ) and the Petrillo Plaza transit hub, and houses the city's central government.

Downtown is in the same condition it was 40 years ago. It features the same mid-century architecture and format. Former mayor Clinton Young vowed to make Mount Vernon a new epicenter with a new central business district. His failed plans included establishing commercial office space and rezoning to allow high density development in the downtown, as well as affordable and market rate housing.

Mount Vernon Heights
Mount Vernon Heights' highly elevated terrain has earned the moniker "the rolling hills of homes". It is home to the city's commercial corridor, along Sandford Boulevard (6th Street). Vernon Hills has been reclaimed from the Village of Easchester that used it as the name the name as open mall shopping center.

Sandford Blvd (6th Street)—also known as "Sandford Square"—is a commercial corridor which attracts residents from Mount Vernon, nearby communities in Westchester County and the Bronx a well as other locales.

Most of the commercial development in this corridor has occurred since the 1980s. The area is still undergoing revitalization to encourage economic development within this 400 acre of land along and around the boulevard.

North Side
Mount Vernon's North Side is one of the most ethnically diverse neighborhoods in Westchester County. The northern part of the city consists of five neighborhoods: Chester Heights, Estate Manor/Aubyn Estates, Fleetwood, Huntswood, and Oakwood Heights. In Fleetwood, many large co-op buildings line the center of town, which is bisected by Gramatan Avenue.

South Side
Mount Vernon's South Side, which abuts The Bronx, resembles New York City and includes the neighborhoods Parkside, South Side and Vernon Park. Numerous industrial businesses are in Parkside, while the rest of South Side Mount Vernon features multi-family homes, apartment buildings, and commercial businesses.

South Side Mount Vernon features notable city landmarks such as Brush Park, Hutchinson Field, the Boys and Girls Club, and St. Paul's Church National Historic Site.

2010 census data
As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 67,292 people living in the city. The racial makeup of the city was 61.3% Black, 18.5% White, 0.3% Native American, 1.8% Asian, <0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.4% from some other race and 2.5% from two or more races. 14.3% were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

2000 census data
As of the 2000 census, 68,381 people, 27,048 households, and 18,432 families resided in the city. The population density was 14,290.3 PD/sqmi, with 28,558 housing units at an average density of 7,205.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 59.58% African American, 28.63% White, 10.48% Hispanic or Latino of any race, 4.85% from other races, 4.44% from two or more races, 2.12% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, and 0.32% Native American. A significant proportion of the population is of Brazilian descent; Brazilians can be included in the African American, White, Multiracial and/or Latino categories. Similarly, a significant part of the Black and/or Latino population is of Caribbean origin.

There were 27,048 households, of which 40.9% were married couples living together, 31.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.2% were non-families, and 28.0% had a female householder with no husband present. 30.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.27.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.3% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 31.1% from 25 to 44, 22.4% from 45 to 64, and 12.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years.

For every 100 females, there were 82.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 76.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $47,128, and the median income for a family was $55,573. Males had a median income of $41,493 versus $37,871 for females. The per capita income for the city was $24,827. 13.9% of the population and 11.8% of families were below the poverty line. 12.7% of the population was 65 or older.

Economy
Mount Vernon's three major employers are the Mount Vernon city school district with (1,021 employees), Michael Anthony Jewelers (712 employees), and Mount Vernon Hospital (700 employees).

Mount Vernon has a large commercial sector, with industries such as electronics, engineering, high tech, historical metal restoration, and manufacturing mainly in the Southside section of the city.

Mount Vernon also has an established Empire Zone for commercial and industrial use, in the southern portion of the city.

Parks and recreation

The city limits contain a number of city parks large and small, and Willson's Woods Park, a 23 acre county-owned park. One of the oldest parks in the county system, Willson's Woods offers a wave pool, water slides, and a spray deck and water playground, against the backdrop of an English Tudor style bathhouse. The park also has areas for picnicking and fishing. [This reference moved from previous location and citation needed template moved to unsourced statement above]

Government
The City of Mount Vernon is governed by a five-member city council, a mayor, and a comptroller. As per the city charter, to balance power, the mayor runs every four years with two council members, and the comptroller runs two years after the mayor with three council members. Therefore, in 2019, the mayor and two council seats were up for re-election; in 2021 the remaining offices will be up for election. Beyond the regular political powers of elected officials, the City of Mount Vernon also has a checks and balances voting session called the Board of Estimate.

City council
The city council consists of five representatives, elected at-large, one of whom is the city council president. The city council president is appointed/elected by the existing city council members. Under normal circumstances the council presidency is rotated, as are the council committee assignments as chair of the four council committees. In recent years, the full rotation has ceased to reappoint the more experienced council members. The council president also serves as mayor, in the absence of the mayor. This can occur when the mayor is out of town, had resigned, or dies in office. When this happens the president pro tempore becomes acting city council president and the acting president pro tempore becomes assumes his/her duties.

Board of Estimate
The Board of Estimate is composed of the mayor, the city council president, and the comptroller. The city council president votes on behalf of the city council. All monetary decisions, including the annual budget and many legal ramifications, must pass vote of the Board of Estimate, which meets every Tuesday after the city council's Wednesday legislative session.

Court system
The Mount Vernon city court is part of the New York State Unified Court System. It has three elected full-time judges who serve for ten years and one part-time associate judge who is appointed by the mayor for a period of eight years. The judges of the court are William Edwards, Adrian Armstrong, and Nichelle Johnson. Adam Seiden serves as an associate judge of the court. The court handles a wide variety of cases, including initial processing of all felony criminal cases; handling of all misdemeanor cases from inception through trial; civil proceedings with a limited monetary jurisdiction of up to $15,000; all landlord tenant cases originating in the city; small claims cases; and all vehicle and traffic law matters. The court is housed in the public safety complex, which is adjacent to City Hall.

Education

Mount Vernon City School District includes 11 elementary schools, two middle schools, two high schools and one alternative high school.

Westchester Community College has an extension site education facility, downtown.

In 2011, The Journal News featured an article titled "Region's Aging Schools Crumble as Finances Falter", by Cathey O'Donnell and Gary Stern. The article discussed several old school buildings within the region that were in disrepair, how much it would cost to fix them, and which if any might need to be demolished. The Mount Vernon school district was included in the article, which stated:

 * "In Mount Vernon, meanwhile, where a high school wall collapsed last year, inspectors flagged buildings for insufficient smoke detectors, poor air quality, evidence of rodents and vermin, halls without emergency lighting and junction boxes with exposed live wires."

Fire department
The city of Mount Vernon is protected by the City of Mount Vernon Fire Department (CMVFD).The CMVFD currently operates out of four firehouses, throughout the city, under the command of a Deputy Chief each shift. The department operates four engine companies, two ladder companies, and one rescue company. The department responds to approximately 8,000 emergency calls annually.

Police department
As of 2021, the Mount Vernon Police Department has 184 officers.

In May 2021, the District Attorney for Westchester County requested intervention by the Department of Justice (DOJ) for civil rights violations by the Mount Vernon Police Department. The DOJ announced its civil investigation in December 2021.

Healthcare
The 115-year-old Mount Vernon Hospital has 121 beds. It is part of the Montefiore Health System and provides in-patient, critical care, and ambulatory services to residents of Mount Vernon and neighboring communities. The hospital is most known for its premier Chronic Wound Treatment and Hyperbaric Center, which is one of the most advanced in the Northeast. It also offers a variety of services, including the Assertive Community Treatment Center (ACT), the Family Health and Wellness Center, the Hopfer School of Nursing, Hyperbaric Medicine, and Intensive Case Management.

Mount Vernon Hospital is one of four hospitals in the county that provides programs in medicine, nursing, podiatry, and surgery. (Montefiore New Rochelle Hospital, Westchester Medical Center, and White Plains Hospital are the others.)

Mount Vernon Hospital's emergency room treats 25,000 patients a year and is going to be expanded at a cost of $2.5 million, doubling its size from 9000 to 18500 sqft. The expansion plans include 15 private treatment rooms and upgrades to the waiting area, triage room and other areas in the emergency department.

The area around the hospital has many medical office buildings and treatment facilities which provide healthcare to residents living in Mount Vernon, the southeast section of Yonkers, and the north Bronx, which shares a border with the city. For example, Planned Parenthood Hudson Peconic, the Planned Parenthood affiliate that serves New York's Putnam, Rockland, Suffolk and Westchester Counties, opened its first medical center in Mount Vernon in 1935; the affiliate remains a vital source for reproductive health care services to Mount Vernon residents.

Places of worship
The city's previous motto was "A City That Believes". This is reflected in the houses of worship in the city that represent more than 25 denominations.

Research has confirmed the tradition that Grace Baptist Church was founded in 1888 by a few women who formally had been enslaved and it discovered their names: Emily Waller, Matilda Brooks, Helen Claiborne, Sahar Bennett, and Elizabeth Benson.

Transportation
In late 2005, the RBA Group conducted a study and found that over 5,000 commuters traverse the area on a daily basis; about 3,600 commuters use the Westchester County Bee-Line Bus System, and 1,500 use the Metropolitan Transportation Authority's Metro-North Railroad commuter rail service.
 * Petrillo Plaza, adjacent to Metro North's Mount Vernon East station in downtown Mount Vernon, is the hub for Westchester's Bee-Line Bus System service in Mount Vernon. The Mount Vernon's taxi services operate from Petrillo Plaza as well.
 * Bee-Line Bus routes serving Mount Vernon are 7, 40, 41, 42, 43, 52, 53, 54, 55, as well as the 91, which operates during the summer.
 * A New York City Bus route (MTA) serves two blocks in Mount Vernon along the NYC border. The New York City Bus Bronx Route travels along Mundy Lane (S. 11th Avenue) between W. 5th Street (Nereid Avenue) and W. Sandford Blvd (Pittman Avenue).
 * The Metro-North's north–south Harlem Line stops at Mount Vernon West and Fleetwood, both on the western edge of Mount Vernon; the west–east New Haven Line stops at Mount Vernon East, in the heart of downtown.
 * Both the (IRT White Plains Road Line) and the  (IRT Dyre Avenue Line) of the New York City Subway system have terminals just south of the Mount Vernon border, served by the Bee-Line. The  terminates at 241st Street in Wakefield. The  terminates at Dyre Avenue in Eastchester. Additionally, the  goes to Nereid Avenue during rush hours in the peak direction. Both locations are within 5 minutes walking distance of Southside Mount Vernon.

Notable people

 * A.D.O.R.
 * Camille Akeju
 * Lou Albano
 * James Anthony Bailey
 * Bob Baldwin
 * Alessandra Biaggi
 * John G. Branca
 * John R. Branca
 * Ralph Branca
 * Jonathan Briley
 * Art Carney
 * Jonathan Stuart Cerullo
 * Susie Essman
 * David Chase
 * Dick Clark
 * Sean Combs
 * Isaiah Cousins
 * Andre Drummond
 * DJ Eddie F
 * Damion Easley
 * Linda Fairstein
 * Adelaide Gescheidt
 * Robin Givens
 * Seth Godin
 * Ben Gordon
 * Paul Grassi
 * Rudy Hackett
 * Mark Harris
 * Christine E. Haycock
 * Heavy D
 * W.C. Heinz
 * Michael Imperioli
 * Kay Johnson
 * Kevin Jones
 * Andy Karl
 * Roz Kelly
 * Harvey Kurtzman
 * Benton MacKaye
 * Johnny Marks
 * Frances Marlatt
 * Rodney McCray
 * Scooter McCray
 * The Mello-Kings (vocal group)
 * Stephanie Mills
 * Lowes Moore
 * Robin Morgan
 * Robert Mosbacher
 * Sal Mosca
 * Asia Nitollano
 * Michael O'Keefe
 * Floyd Patterson
 * Sidney Poitier
 * Adam Clayton Powell
 * Phylicia Rashad
 * Leon Robinson
 * Pete Rock
 * Larry Romano
 * Wayne Allyn Root
 * James Rowson
 * Davetta Sherwood
 * John Simon
 * Nina Simone
 * Ken Singleton
 * Roy Smith
 * J. B. Smoove
 * Lionel Stander
 * John M. Sternhagen
 * Al B. Sure!
 * Corrinne Tarver
 * Earl Tatum
 * Denzel Washington
 * Barbara Werle
 * E. B. White
 * Gus Williams
 * Ray Williams
 * Sylvia Woods
 * DMX

Advertising

 * Memorial Field in Mount Vernon was used to film the classic "Mean Joe Greene" Coca-Cola commercial in May 1979.

Films
Multiple movies have been set in or featured Mount Vernon, such as:

 * Dead Presidents (1995)
 * Empty Places (1999)
 * The Thomas Crown Affair (1999): shot a scene in Willson's Woods Park, which was transformed to look like Central Park; the Vernon Woods co-op complex was used to stage and store equipment during the scene.
 * Riding in Cars with Boys (2001)
 * Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004)
 * The Book of Henry (2017): the ending scene with the main characters walking out of the courthouse. It is unclear if the entire story took place in Mount Vernon or not.

Television
Scenes from multiple TV shows have been shot in Mount Vernon, such as:
 * Sneaky Pete (Amazon series)
 * The Leftovers
 * The Suburbs (web series) (2008–present)

title: Mount Vernon, New York


text:
New Castle, New York

New Castle is a town in Westchester County, New York, United States. The population was 18,311 in the 2020 United States census, an increase over 17,569 at the 2010 census. It includes the named hamlets of Chappaqua and Millwood, but residents and businesses in the Town of New Castle can also have a designated city address of Ossining, or Millwood (together commonly referred to as the "West End" of New Castle) as well as Chappaqua or even Mt. Kisco.

History
New Castle was originally inhabited by Native Americans, including the Siwanoy band of the Wappinger people. Portions of New Castle were initially purchased in 1640 by Nathaniel Turner from Ponas Sagamore, chief of the Siwanoy. In 1661, John Richbell purchased land, including all of present-day New Castle, from the Siwanoy. In 1696, Caleb Heathcote purchased that tract of land from Richbell's widow. What is present-day New Castle was originally incorporated as part of the town of North Castle, which was jokingly referred to as "the two saddlebags," in 1736. The first European settlers in the area were Quakers, who settled in present-day Chappaqua in 1753 and constructed a meeting house, which still stands today on Quaker Street. The town of New Castle broke away from North Castle in 1791.

New Castle has several locations on the National Register of Historic Places, including The Williams-DuBois House, Old Chappaqua Historic District, and Isaac Young House. Two buildings from Horace Greeley's former farm are also on the National Historic Register, including the Greeley House, which houses the headquarters for the New Castle Historical Society, and Rehoboth, the first concrete barn in the country.

Education
The majority of the town is served by the Chappaqua Central School District, which consists of three elementary schools, two middle schools, and one high school. The elementary schools are Grafflin Elementary School, Roaring Brook Elementary School, and Westorchard Elementary School. The middle schools are Seven Bridges Middle School and Robert E. Bell Middle School, and the high school is Horace Greeley High School, named for newspaper editor, presidential candidate and New Castle resident Horace Greeley. Other parts of New Castle fall within the Byram Hills Central School District, Bedford Central School District, Yorktown Central School District, and the Ossining Union Free School District.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 23.5 sqmi, of which 23.2 sqmi is land and 0.3 sqmi, or 1.15%, is water. New Castle is bordered by the towns of Mount Pleasant and Ossining to the southwest and North Castle to the southeast. It is bordered by the towns of Bedford, Mount Kisco, and Somers to the northeast and Yorktown and Cortlandt to the northwest.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 17,491 people, 5,732 households, and 4,929 families residing in the town. The population density was 754.8 PD/sqmi. There were 5,843 housing units at an average density of 252.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 91.50% White, 1.37% African American, 0.05% Native American, 5.55% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.51% from other races, and 1.00% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.78% of the population.

There were 5,732 households, out of which 49.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 79.0% were married couples living together, 5.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 14.0% were non-families. 11.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.04 and the average family size was 3.28.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 31.9% under the age of 18, 3.6% from 18 to 24, 25.4% from 25 to 44, 29.9% from 45 to 64, and 9.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 97.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $159,691, and the median income for a family was $174,579. Males had a median income of $100,000 versus $67,275 for females. The per capita income for the town was $73,888. About 2.0% of families and 3.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.6% of those under age 18 and 3.6% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in New Castle

 * Chappaqua is the largest hamlet of New Castle. Its center is located in the southeastern part of the town, but most of the town falls under Chappaqua's ZIP code.
 * Millwood is a hamlet located in the northwest part of the town.
 * Portions of the Town of New Castle fall within the ZIP codes and school districts of Armonk, Briarcliff Manor, Mount Kisco, Ossining, and Pleasantville, and are commonly associated with those places. Additionally, there is no one specific location within the town that is known as New Castle.

Notable residents
Notable people who live and have previously lived in New Castle include:
 * Bill Ackman
 * Dave Bickler
 * Bill Clinton
 * Hillary Clinton
 * Andrew Cuomo
 * Ace Frehley: Former lead guitarist of Kiss
 * Horace Greeley
 * Jonathan Klein: Former president of CNN
 * Doug Scott
 * Ben Stiller
 * Vanessa Williams
 * Kevin Regan

title: New Castle, New York


text:
New Rochelle, New York

New Rochelle (older La Nouvelle-Rochelle) is a city in Westchester County, New York, United States. It is a suburb of New York City, located approximately 17 mi from Midtown Manhattan. In 2020, the city had a population of 79,726, making it the 7th-largest city and 22nd-most populous municipality in New York.

17th and 18th centuries
This area was occupied by cultures of indigenous peoples for thousands of years. They made use of the rich resources of Long Island Sound and inland areas.

By the 17th century, the historic Lenape bands, who spoke a language in the Algonquian family, were prominent in the area. Their territory extended from the coastal areas of western present-day Connecticut, Long Island and south through New Jersey, Maryland and Delaware.

In 1654, the Siwanoy Indians, a band of Lenape (also known as the Delaware by English colonists), sold land to English settler Thomas Pell. Some 33 families established the community of La Nouvelle-Rochelle in 1688. Many of them were artisans and craftsmen from La Rochelle, France.

A monument containing the names of these settlers stands in Hudson Park, the original landing point of the Huguenots. In 1689, Pell officially deeded 6,100 acres (25 km2) for the establishment of a Huguenot community.

Jacob Leisler is an important figure in the early histories of both New Rochelle and the United States. He arrived in America as a mercenary in the British Army and later became one of the most prominent merchants in New York. He was subsequently appointed acting-governor of the province; during his tenure he acted on behalf of the Huguenots.

One condition of the sale was that Pell and his heirs would receive "one fatt calfe" on June 24 of every year thereafter, if demanded. The "fatt calfe" was commemorated in the New Rochelle 250th Anniversary half dollar, minted in 1937. Pell's descendants did not request a calf until the 1950s. Since then, there have been occasional "fatt calfe" ceremonies.

Of all the Huguenot settlements in America founded with the intention of being distinctly French colonies, New Rochelle most clearly fulfilled such plans. The colony attracted French refugees until as late as 1760, during the French and Indian War in North America between Britain and France.

The settlement was named after La Rochelle, France, where many of the French refugees had come from. The people continued to speak French, and it was common practice for people in neighboring areas to send their children to New Rochelle to learn the language.

In 1775, General George Washington stopped in New Rochelle on his way to assume command of the Army of the United Colonies in Massachusetts. In 1776 the British Army briefly occupied sections of New Rochelle and Larchmont. Following British victory in the Battle of White Plains, New Rochelle became part of a "Neutral Ground" for General Washington to regroup his troops.

After the Revolutionary War ended in 1784, patriot Thomas Paine was given a farm in New Rochelle for his service to the cause of independence. The farm, totaling about 300 acres (1.2 km2), had been confiscated from its owners by the state of New York due to their Tory activities.

The first national census of 1790 shows New Rochelle with 692 residents. Some 136 were African American, including 36 who were freemen; the remainder were enslaved.

19th and 20th centuries
Through the 18th century, New Rochelle had remained a modest village that retained an abundance of agricultural land. During the 19th century, however, New York City was a destination from the mid-century on by waves of immigration, principally from Ireland and Germany. More established American families left New York City and moved into this area. Although the original Huguenot population was rapidly shrinking in relative size, through ownership of land, businesses, banks, and small manufactures, they retained a predominant hold on the political and social life of the town.

The 1820 Census showed 150 African-Americans residing in New Rochelle, six of whom were still enslaved. The state abolished slavery by degrees: children of enslaved mothers were born free, and all enslaved people were freed by 1827.

In 1857 the Village of New Rochelle was established within the borders of the Town of New Rochelle. A group of volunteers created the first fire service in 1861. In 1899, a bill creating the New Rochelle City Charter was signed by Governor Theodore Roosevelt. It was through this bill that the Village and Town of New Rochelle were joined into one municipality. In 1899, Michael J. Dillon narrowly defeated Hugh A. Harmer to become New Rochelle's first mayor. The recently established city charter designated a board of aldermen as the legislative unit with two members to be elected from each of four wards and 10 elected from the city at-large.

By 1900, New Rochelle had a population of 14,720. Throughout the city, farms, estates, and wooded homesteads were bought up by realty and development companies. Planned residential neighborhoods such as Rochelle Park, one of the first planned communities in the country, soon spread across the city, earning New Rochelle the sobriquet "City of Homes". In 1909, Edwin Thanhouser established Thanhouser Film Corporation. Thanhouser's Million Dollar Mystery was one of the first serial motion pictures. In 1923, New Rochelle resident Anna Jones became the first African-American woman to be admitted to the New York State Bar.

Poet and resident James J. Montague captured the image of New Rochelle at the time in his 1926 poem "Queen City of the Sound".

In 1930, New Rochelle recorded a population of 54,000, up from 36,213 only ten years earlier. During the 1930s, New Rochelle was the wealthiest city per capita in New York state and the third wealthiest in the country.

By the end of the century, the Metro North railroad station was rebuilt along with a $190 million entertainment complex, nicknamed New Roc City, which featured a 19-screen movie theater, an IMAX theater, an indoor ice-hockey arena, mini-golf, go karts, an arcade, restaurants, a hotel, loft-apartments and a mega supermarket. The complex was built on the site of the former New Rochelle Mall, which had opened in 1968.

21st century
In 2014, New Rochelle's planning board approved $149 million in developments to three major sections of the city. The developments include restaurants, stores, hotels, an entertainment area, theaters and a mixed-use waterfront area, and are expected to be completed within 10 years. Additional tax breaks ranging in the tens of millions of dollars have since been awarded by the city government to further the redevelopment of the downtown area.

In March 2020, New Rochelle became one of the first reported centers for COVID-19 transmission in New York state during the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak. On March 10, 2020, Governor Andrew Cuomo ordered components of the New York Air National Guard and New York Army National Guard to institute a one-mile radius containment area centered around the Young Israel of New Rochelle synagogue in the Wykagyl section of the City in an attempt to stem the spread of the virus. The implementation of this containment area, which covered multiple neighborhoods in New Rochelle and extended into parts of the neighboring Town of Eastchester, marked the first use in the state of New York of social distancing measures and the closure of schools, houses of worship, and other institutions to combat the spread of the pandemic. Large gathering places including schools and places of worship were declared closed, while National Guard troops were deployed to provide logistical support such as assistance with the distribution of food and the disinfection of public areas.

Historic sites

 * Columbia Island – a small island (approx. 150 ft square) situated between Davids Island and Pea Island. Up until 1940 it was known as Little Pea Island. CBS purchased it and built a concrete foundation to support a transmitter building topped by a 410 ft tall antenna tower for WCBS-AM. The transmitter remained in operation until the 1960s, when the station was moved to nearby High Island.
 * Execution Rocks Lighthouse – centered in the middle of Long Island Sound, just south of Davids Island. The structure was built in 1849 and includes a 55 ft tall tower and the 'keeper's house'. It is rumored that the lighthouse's site got its name before the American Revolutionary War when British colonial authorities executed people by chaining them to the rocks at low tide and allowing the rising water to drown them. In reality, the name was chosen to reflect the historically dangerous shipping area created by the rocks exposure during low tides.
 * Huckleberry Island – a 10 acre island owned by the Huckleberry Indians, Inc., a club within the New York Athletic Club. The island is an important nesting site for waterbirds such as egrets and night herons.
 * Leland Castle – a 19th-century Gothic Revival castle built as the summer residence of Simeon Leland, a wealthy New York City hotel entrepreneur. It has since been acquired by the College of New Rochelle and is used as an art gallery available to the public.
 * St. John's Wilmot Church – a historic Episcopal parish located in the northern end of the City at the intersection of North Avenue and Wilmot Road, formerly referred to as "Cooper's Corner".
 * Thomas Paine Historical Site – a historical nexus within the city, the site comprises: the country home of the American pamphleteer and Revolutionary War hero Thomas Paine, his burial site, monument, and a museum. Paine's Cottage was built in 1793 and is a National Historic Landmark. The Thomas Paine Memorial Building, built in 1925, houses the library and museum collection of the Thomas Paine National Historical Association. Also on the site is the Brewster Schoolhouse, one of the oldest structural relics in Westchester County.
 * Trinity-St. Paul's Episcopal Church – added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2006. It is located at the northwest corner of Huguenot Street (also known as the Boston Post Road) and Division Street. This church represents the body of the majority group of New Rochelle's founding Huguenot French Calvinistic congregation that conformed to the liturgy of the established Church of England in June 1709. King George III gave Trinity its first charter in 1762. After the Revolutionary War, Trinity became a parish of the Protestant Episcopal Church of America.

Geography
New Rochelle is located at the southeastern point of continental New York State. It lies on the Long Island Sound, bordered on the west by Pelham, Pelham Manor and Eastchester, by Scarsdale to the north and east, and Mamaroneck and Larchmont to the east. The city lies 2 mi north of the New York City border (Pelham Bay Park in The Bronx). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 13.2 square miles (34.3 km2). The city has a roughly triangular shape, approximately 10 miles (16 km) from north to south and 1.5 miles (2 km) from east to west at its widest point.

Demographics
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 79,726 people living in the city. The racial makeup of the city was 44.4% White, 18.9% Black, 1.1% Native American/Alaska Native, 4.9% Asian, <0.1% Pacific Islander, 18.9% from some other race and 11.5% from two or more races. 32.9% were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

As measured by the census of 2000, New Rochelle had a population of 72,182 people, 24,275 occupied households, and 17,546 families living in the city. The population density was 6,973.5 PD/sqmi. There were 26,995 housing units at an average density of 2,608.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 68% White, 19% African American, 0.20% Native American, 4% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 6% from other races, and 3% from two or more races. 20% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.0% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 15.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.9 males. There were 26,189 households, out of which 32.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.5% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.0% were non-families. 28.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.29.

19,312 residents of New Rochelle were enrolled in school, with 2,743 in pre-school or kindergarten, 8,105 in elementary school, 3,704 in high school and 5,030 in college or graduate school. Out of 42,872 individuals over the age of 25, 20% (9,766) had no high school diploma, 23% (11,325) were high school graduates, 14% (6,710) achieved some level of college education, 5% (2,347) held an associate degree, 19% (9,120) held a bachelor's degree and 20% (9,604) possessed a graduate or other advanced degree.

The working population was 35,262, 95.7% of whom were employed. The occupational breakdown had 42% working in 'management', 25% working in 'sales', 17% in 'services', 8% in 'construction', and 7% in 'production and transport'. The average daily commute was 30 minutes, with 60% driving to work, 12% carpooling, 18% traveling via public-transportation and 7% using other means.

According to the 2007 Census Bureau estimates, the median income for a household in the city was $64,756 and the median income for a family was $88,004. About 9.8% of the population lived below the poverty line.

According to the American Community Survey in 2018, 5.2% of the population was West Indian.

Crime
According to the New Rochelle Police Department, New Rochelle is the safest city of its size in New York State and the fifth-safest city of its size in the United States. The majority of crimes committed within New Rochelle are non-violent property crimes, including burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson. Property crime, on a scale of 1 (low crime) to 10, is 4 compared to the US average of 3. Violent crime (murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault) is 3, equal to the US average.

Residential profile
While the formerly industrial downtown section is more densely developed, with condominiums, high rises, offices, shopping centers, affordable housing complexes, a medical center, nursing homes, two college campuses and an intermodal transportation hub, the rest of the city consists of sprawling residential neighborhoods. There are more than 11,500 single-family houses within the city, more than that of neighboring Larchmont, Mamaroneck, and Scarsdale combined. The total number of separate households surpasses 26,000, more than that of neighboring Pelham, Pelham Manor, Eastchester, Scarsdale, Mamaroneck and Larchmont combined.

Housing variety
The city contains a very diverse range of housing stock, composed of single-family and multi-family residences built from the 18th to the 21st centuries which are characteristic of various historic and modern North American architectural styles. Historic housing types particularly common in the city's older residential neighborhoods are of the Queen Anne, Tudor Revival, and Colonial Revival styles that were in vogue as the city experienced its first period of great growth during the Gilded Age era. Brownstones, townhomes, red brick apartment buildings, and modern mid-rise residential blocks are defining elements of the urban southwestern quarter of the city. With a population approaching 80,000 residents, New York State law dictates that the city provide an adequate amount of affordable housing units. The city has been working to replace the existing Weyman Avenue Projects with more community-centered, townhouse-style housing units.

Communities
Within the greater city borders are many established neighborhoods and subsections, several of which are larger in both size and population than neighboring villages of Larchmont, Bronxville and Pelham Manor. The public community areas most noted include: Bayberry, Beechmont, Bloomingdale Estates, Bonnie Crest, Daisy Farms, Davenport Neck, Echo Manor, Forest Heights, Forest Knolls, French Ridge, Glen Island, Glenwood Lake, Lake Isle, Larchmont Woods, Northfield, Paine Heights, Pinebrook, Premium Point Park, Quaker Ridge, Residence Park, Rochelle Heights, San Souci, Scarsdale Downs, Shore Road, Sutton Manor, Vaneck Estates, Ward Acres, Wilmot Woods and Wykagyl. Brookridge, Riviera Shores, Premium Point, Pinebrook Hollow, Kensington Woods, and Cherry Lawn are gated neighborhoods accessible only by those immediate residents.

Economy
New Rochelle has been home to a variety of industries over the years, including: Thanhouser Film Studios, Terrytoons Studios, P.J. Tierney Diner Manufacturing, Flynn Burner Company, New York Seven Up (Joyce Beverages, Inc), RawlPlug, Inc., the Longines Symphonette Society, and Conran's USA. Manufacturing and warehousing has declined since the 1990s as industrial land near both exits from Interstate 95 have been converted to "big box" retailer use.

New Rochelle remains a center of business, home to the corporate headquarters of Sidney Frank Importing, Blimpies, East River Savings Bank, and Somnia Anesthesia Services.

Waterfront
The shoreline of New Rochelle measures 2.7 mi, but due to many irregularities and off-shore islands, the actual length of the waterfront is 9.3 mi.

 * Yacht, sailing and rowing clubs dot the coast on Long Island Sound and beach clubs line the shores of Davenport Neck. Beckwithe Point, the Greentree Country Club and the Surf Club are the largest of the private shore clubs, providing waterfront recreation to members during the summer season. The New York Athletic Club sits on Travers Island, located on the border of New Rochelle and Pelham Manor.
 * Echo Bay Yacht Club and Huguenot Yacht Club are two well-known private yacht clubs in the city.
 * New York Sailing School and New Rochelle Rowing Club, each of which has a history dating back over 100 years.
 * The city operates a large marina with 300 slips and 150 mooring spaces.

Parks
The city has a collection of parklands and nature preserves, with 102.5 acre of inland waters, 231.51 acre of public park lands and 168 acre of park lets.

 * Glen Island – In 1879, John H. Starin, a former US Congressman and New York transportation king, bought five islands which he named 'Glen Island' and created perhaps the first theme park open to the public. His 12 steamboats transported millions of New York residents and others to the attractions which included a zoo, a natural history museum, a railway, a German beer garden (around the castle-like structure which still stands today), a bathing beach, and a Chinese pagoda. Today the park is a 105 acre island property connected to the mainland by a drawbridge built in the 1920s. One of the main features of the park is its pristine, crescent shaped beach offering access to Long Island Sound.
 * Five Islands Park is a series of islands connected by small footbridges and pathways, offers playground, sports, hiking and camping facilities for all residents to enjoy.
 * Hudson Park encompasses 13 acre along the city's harbor front and includes a beach for residents, the city boathouse, greenhouses, the shore station of the United States Coast Guard and several yacht and rowing clubs. The park is traditionally accepted as the original landing place of the Huguenot settlers. A granite boulder with bronze tablets commemorates the event.
 * Davids Island, a 78 acre island off the coast of the city, is being transformed from a former American military base (Fort Slocum) into a park and environmental preserve. Beginning just after the Civil War, the island was a military base used to protect New York Harbors, during World War I it served as an army recruitment station and up until 1967, it maintained various 'Cold War' facilities. Today it is home to a variety of plants, birds, and animals. These include the endangered Kemp's ridley sea turtle, and rare birds such as osprey and least terns. Davids Island also supports valuable wetlands, rare rocky intertidal areas, and sandy beaches. The waters surrounding the Island are home to Winter Flounder, Atlantic Herring, and Atlantic Silversides.
 * Ward Acres, located in the North End, is a combination of untouched forest, wild lawns and meadows, acres of hiking, exercise trails and historic horse stables/cemeteries. In 2007, The Westchester County Department of Conservation produced a Natural Resource Management Plan in order to identify and protect the natural resource needs of the park. It encompasses 62 acre, with the forests divided into four main sections, each distinct in both general characteristics and species presence. It is formed by a portion of a former private state that contained a horse farm, and by an old railroad right of way. It includes a 3 acre fenced-in dog run, and it is the only park in the City in which residents can walk a dog without a leash.
 * The Leatherstocking Trail is a 2 mi long, inter-municipal hiking trail situated between New Rochelle and Mamaroneck, eventually linking into Saxon Woods County Park. It is part of a larger "Colonial Greenway Trail" in which it connects to Twin Lakes/Nature Study and Saxon Woods parks.
 * Sheldrake Lake which formerly served as a reservoir supplying the areas drinking water, is now a 60 acre park and nature conservancy promoting an increased understanding of the local ecology.
 * Twin Lakes Park, combined with the adjacent Nature Study Woods comprise 220 acre of woods, marsh, lakes, ponds and some fields along the Hutchinson River in New Rochelle's Northend. There are many foot trails weaving through woods, marshlands, fields and around two large lakes (formerly reservoirs).

Golf

 * Wykagyl Country Club is located in the Wykagyl section of New Rochelle on North Avenue just south of Quaker Ridge Road. Golfweek magazine ranks Wykagyl as one of America's Top 100 Classic Courses.
 * Pelham Country Club, straddles the border of New Rochelle and Pelham Manor. The course is a mile from the Westchester-New York City border and Pelham Bay Park.

Tennis

 * New Rochelle Tennis Club, located in Wykagyl, is one of the oldest lawn-tennis organizations in the country.

Government
Since 1932, New Rochelle has operated under a Council-Manager form of government. The City Manager is the chief administrative officer of the city selected to carry out the directives of the Council. The Manager monitors the city's fiscal condition and enforces its ordinances and laws. The City Manager is involved in the discussion of all matters coming before Council yet has no final vote. The City Council is the legislative body consisting of the Mayor and six council members. The Mayor serves as the presiding officer of the Council. Since 1993, the City has had six council districts, with one council member elected from and by each district. The Council functions to set policy, approve the annual budget, appoint the City Manager and City Clerk, and enact local laws, resolutions & ordinances.

Public
The city is served by the City School District of New Rochelle, which operates a public high school, two middle schools, six elementary schools, and one pre-k through second grade Early Childhood Center. On seven separate occasions, the City's schools have received the prestigious Blue Ribbon Award from the U.S. Department of Education. New Rochelle High School is one of the most diverse high schools in the country; the student body represents over 60 countries from around the world. The school offers over 240 courses including honors, research and advanced placement courses.

Libraries are operated by the New Rochelle Public Library System which is part of the county-wide Westchester Library System.

Primary and secondary

 * Hudson Montessori – private Montessori school in Wykagyl serving pre-kindergarten level through fifth grade.
 * Iona Preparatory School (Upper & Lower Schools) – all-boys Catholic school serving grades kindergarten through 12.
 * Mount Tom Day School – private day school serving pre-k through second grade; housed mansion of artist J. C. Leyendecker.
 * The Thornton Donovan School – co-ed preparatory school in Beechmont.
 * The Ursuline School – all-girls Catholic school in Wykagyl serving grades six through 12.
 * Salesian High School – all-boys Roman Catholic high school (grades nine through 12)

Higher education

 * The College of New Rochelle – Was once the largest women's Catholic college in the United States, founded by the sisters of the Ursuline Order. It closed in 2019.
 * Iona University – Catholic college founded by the Congregation of Christian Brothers.
 * Mercy College – Acquired the College of New Rochelle in 2019 to become Mercy's New Rochelle campus.
 * Monroe College – provides professional, career oriented and business centered education.

Miscellaneous education
The Japanese Weekend School of New York, a Japanese weekend school, has its offices in New Roc City in New Rochelle. As of 2006, the school had about 800 students, including Japanese citizens, and Japanese Americans, at locations in Westchester County and Long Island.

Roads
Major highways include Interstate 95 and the Hutchinson River Parkway. Interstate 95 serves as the main route through New Rochelle, with four exits directly serving the city. The Hutchinson River Parkway, which is designated for passenger vehicles only, runs through much of the city. Substantial congestion on the parkway occurs in both directions during the morning and evening rush-hour.

The Boston Post Road, known as Main Street in downtown New Rochelle, is used as a major artery during the morning and evening commute. Most traffic via the Post Road is short distance or fairly local, yet vehicles have utilized Route 1 during times of heavy congestion on I-95 as a re-route.

Public transit
The city has a train station served by Metro North on the New Haven Line and Amtrak on the Northeast Corridor via its Northeast Regional train. The city is also served by the Bee-Line Bus System for local service. Adirondack Trailways provides interstate bus service.

Rail transit began in New Rochelle around 1848, when the New York & New Haven opened their line along Long Island Sound. After the Civil War, proposals for new railroads reached new levels. Banking that the city would continue to grow northward, the New York, Westchester and Boston Railway Company was established to serve the large populations moving to the suburbs. Two main lines were built as part of the NYW&B; the Port Chester line and the White Plains line. While the populations of some communities served by the NYW&B did grow between 1912 and 1937, the growth was not sufficient or fast enough to provide adequate business for the railroad, and service was discontinued on December 31, 1937.

Air travel
Westchester County is served by Westchester County Airport. Additionally, New Rochelle is easily accessed by New York City airports (JFK, LaGuardia), and New Jersey's Teterboro and Newark Airport.

Fire
The New Rochelle Fire Department (NRFD) provides fire protection and first responder emergency medical services to the city of New Rochelle. The New Rochelle Fire Department responds to approximately 8,000 emergency calls annually. The city also contracts with a commercial ambulance service, Transcare Emergency Medical Ambulance Services, to provide dedicated ALS Ambulances to the city 24/7, 365. Two ambulances from Transcare EMS are stationed at two New Rochelle Fire Department firehouses in the southern and northern sections of the city. The New Rochelle Fire Department is sub-divided into two main divisions of operation: Fire and Emergency Operations, and Support Services. Each of these divisions is commanded by a Deputy Chief.

The Fire and Emergency Operations Division is commanded by four Deputy Chiefs, one per shift/squad, who reports to the Chief of Department/Fire Commissioner. This division supervises the department's eight fire companies and 155 uniformed members.

The NRFD currently operates out of five fire stations, located throughout the city, under the command of one Deputy Chief/Tour Commander per shift. The New Rochelle Fire Department also operates and maintains a fire apparatus fleet of five engines, three ladders, one rescue, and numerous special, support, and reserve units. In addition to the five fire stations, the NRFD also operates a Fire Headquarters administrative building.

Police
The Town of New Rochelle formed its first professional police department in 1885, 14 years before the city incorporated in 1899. The Department currently has 186 sworn officers and a total staff of more than 250. In 1993, the Department was certified as an accredited agency by the New York State Law Enforcement Accreditation Council. Special programs include community oriented policing through the 'Police and Community Together' (PACT) program, harbor patrol, and a bicycle patrol.

Health care
Sound Shore Medical Center, also known as Montefiore New Rochelle Hospital, is a not-for-profit health care organization located in New Rochelle that treats over 85,000 patients annually and operates the only New York State Area Trauma Center in southern Westchester County.

Ambulance service is provided by Transcare EMS, which operates three Paramedic-staffed Medic Ambulances throughout the city.

Studios
In the early 20th century, New Rochelle was home to one of the first movie studios in the country, Edwin Thanhouser's Thanhouser Film Corporation. Originally located on the corner of Warren and Grove Street, the company moved to Main Street near Echo Avenue after a devastating fire in 1913. The studio is noted for filming the first serial in motion pictures, named The Million Dollar Mystery.

Terrytoons animation studio was located in New Rochelle from 1928 to 1968. Its most popular characters include Mighty Mouse, Gandy Goose, Dinky Duck, Deputy Dawg, Luno and Heckle and Jeckle.

In films and television

 * Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1912) was filmed in New Rochelle.
 * Scenes in Goodfellas were filmed in the city.
 * The 1996 romantic comedy Love Is All There Is was filmed at the Greentree Country Club on Davenport Neck.
 * The Oscar-nominated Burt Reynolds film Starting Over includes a scene filmed at what is now known as the Hudson Montessori School on Quaker Ridge Road.
 * The Oranges, a Hugh Laurie movie, has scenes filmed inside two homes in the Beechmont neighborhood.
 * In The Post, Kay Graham (the character played by Meryl Streep) home's exterior was filmed at a home on Beechmont Avenue.
 * The Petrie family famously made their home at 148 Bonnie Meadow Road in New Rochelle on The Dick Van Dyke Show in the 1960s. Van Dyke's character Rob Petrie was loosely based on series creator Carl Reiner who actually did live in New Rochelle with his wife and family while working with Sid Caesar in New York in the 1950s.
 * 2002's Catch Me If You Can was partly set in New Rochelle.
 * The 2024 romantic sports drama film Challengers is set in the city, however, it was not filmed in the area.

Sister city
New Rochelle's "sister city" is La Rochelle, France, a city and commune of western France. There has been a "friendly relationship" between the two cities since 1910.

title: New Rochelle, New York


text:
Charles Moose

Charles Alexander Moose (August 4, 1953 – November 25, 2021) was an American author and police officer. He was best known for his roles as being the primary official in charge of efforts to apprehend the D.C. snipers in October 2002 During his law enforcement career, Moose served as the chief of police for Montgomery County, Maryland, and Portland, Oregon.

Early life and education
Moose was born in New York City on August 4, 1953. His family moved to Lexington, North Carolina, shortly after he was born, and Moose lived and attended school there until leaving for college. When he was sixteen years old, his mother died, and his father died when Moose was in his early twenties. Moose completed his Bachelor of Arts degree in U.S. History in 1975 at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. That year he joined the Portland Police Bureau in Portland, Oregon, as a patrolman. He then earned a Master of Public Administration degree from Portland State University in 1984, and a PhD in urban studies and criminology in 1993.

Police executive
In 1993, Moose became the police chief of the Portland Police Bureau and served as the top law enforcement official for the city until 1999. During his time in Portland he also taught at Portland State University and was a member of the Oregon Air National Guard. He had previously applied for a chief's position with the police force in Jackson, Mississippi, but was rejected when they discovered his wife was white. On August 2, 1999, he became the 15th Chief of the Montgomery County Police Department in Maryland, being hired by County Executive Doug Duncan. In October 2002, he was the primary official in charge of the efforts to apprehend those responsible for the D.C. sniper attacks. In June 2003, Moose resigned after a disagreement with Montgomery County regarding a policy that barred him from working on a book and consulting on a movie about the sniper investigation. The book was released in September 2003 and is titled Three Weeks in October: The Manhunt for the Serial Sniper. Before the trial, however, Chief Moose engaged in a publicity tour for his book on the sniper investigation, which jeopardized the prosecution. The tour included appearances on Dateline NBC, the Today show, and The Tonight Show. Assistant Prince William County Commonwealth's Attorney James Willett told The Washington Post, "Personally, I don't understand why someone who's been in law enforcement his whole life would potentially damage our case or compromise a jury pool by doing this." After his death, County Executive Doug Duncan defended Moose's actions, saying he got a "raw deal."

Later work
Until 2005, Moose served as the Squadron Commander of the 113th Security Forces Squadron, D.C. Air National Guard, United States Air Force. While Moose served with that unit, he deployed to Operation Katrina and served as military liaison and adviser to the New Orleans Police Department in the wake of Hurricane Katrina. Moose was promoted to lieutenant colonel after arriving in Hawaii and served as the 154th Security Forces Commander there.

Moose later graduated from the Honolulu Police Academy and reported for duty as one of the members of the Honolulu Police Department. On August 4, 2010, The Gazette reported that Moose was no longer employed at the department, having left in 2008.

As of September 2012, Moose was retired and living in Tampa, Florida. He applied with the Portland Bureau of Police for the position of chief but was denied.

Death
Moose died at his home in Palm Harbor, Florida, on November 25, 2021, at age 68 while watching a football game on TV.

In popular culture

 * Moose is portrayed by Charles S. Dutton in the 2003 T.V. film D.C. Sniper: 23 Days of Fear.

title: Charles Moose