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Russell, Kentucky

Russell is a home rule-class city on the south bank of the Ohio River in Greenup County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 3,380 as of the 2010 census, down from 3,645 in 2000. Russell is a suburb of Ashland and part of the Huntington-Ashland-Ironton metropolitan area. It has close economic affiliations with its neighbors, Ashland and Flatwoods in Kentucky and Ironton, Ohio.

History
The hilly site near the confluence of White Oak Creek and the Ohio was chosen by pioneer Jeff Moore in 1823 in order to provide protection for his camp against attacks by local American Indian tribes. In 1829, James E. McDowell, William Lindsay Poage, and his brother erected an iron furnace; they named the foundry and the community that grew up around it "Amanda Furnace" after William's infant daughter. The furnace ceased operation in 1861.

John Russell and his Means and Russell Iron Company purchased the land of the present city beside Amanda Hill from the Poage brothers. They laid out and established the town of Riverview in 1869 in expectation of an expansion of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad westward from Huntington, West Virginia, to Cincinnati, Ohio. Ferry service to Ohio began in 1870, local landowners agreed to rename the community after its founder in 1873, and the city was formally incorporated under the name "Russell" in 1874. The expected C&O spur did not arrive until 1889 but, when it did, it constructed a railyard, roundhouse, and shops and the city grew quickly. The city celebrates this influence with the annual "Russell Railroad Days" each August.

Numerous disasters limited the city's growth. The Ohio River flooded the city in 1884, smallpox struck in 1901, and a fire consumed downtown and the city hall in 1903. In 1905, it was still the largest city in Greenup County, but the Ohio flooded again in 1913 and 1937. The 1937 flood affected all but 30 homes, and over 500 people were forced to shelter in C&O boxcars and cabooses until the waters receded. Despite the completion of a bridge to Ironton in 1922 and a floodwall in 1950, Russell was no longer the county's largest municipality by the mid-1950s.

The Fortune 500 company Ashland Oil relocated its headquarters to Russell in 1974, but moved to the Cincinnati suburb of Covington in 1999.

Geography
Russell is located in the eastern corner of Greenup County at 38.51806°N, -82.69778°W (38.518176, -82.697680), directly across the Ohio River from Ironton, Ohio. It is bordered to the northwest by the city of Worthington, to the west by the city of Flatwoods, and to the south by the city of Bellefonte. The southeast border of Russell is the Boyd County line, separating Russell from the unincorporated community of Westwood. Downtown Ashland is 3 mi southeast of Russell via U.S. Route 23.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city of Russell has a total area of 7.8 km2, of which 0.04 sqkm, or 0.48%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,645 people, 1,428 households, and 1,106 families residing in the city. The population density was 910.5 PD/sqmi. There were 1,584 housing units at an average density of 395.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.49% White, 0.71% African American, 0.03% Native American, 2.14% Asian, 0.22% from other races, and 0.41% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 0.82% of the population.

There were 1,428 households, out of which 30.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.6% were married couples living together, 7.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.5% were non-families. 20.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the city the population was spread out, with 21.7% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 25.1% from 25 to 44, 29.7% from 45 to 64, and 16.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $53,869, and the median income for a family was $62,018. Males had a median income of $50,306 versus $30,494 for females. The per capita income for the city was $29,453. About 4.1% of families and 6.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.1% of those under age 18 and 2.1% of those age 65 or over.

Industrial
Part of AK Steel's Ashland Works is located in Russell. Russell was also once home to the headquarters of Ashland Global, a diversified chemical company. The two-building headquarters was located on Kentucky Route 1725 (Ashland Drive), with another facility on KY 693 (Diederich Boulevard). The company has since relocated to Covington. One of the buildings was purchased by Our Lady of Bellefonte Hospital and was known as Bellefonte Pavilion during the hospital's ownership. That building is now owned by Ashland-based King's Daughters Medical Center, has been renamed King's Daughters Pavilion and houses many of the hospital's business offices. The other building, which was named Bellefonte Centre, is privately owned and is used as physician and clinic offices along with rental office space.

Transportation
The city has a large railroad classification yard, built by the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway and now owned and operated by CSX Transportation. The C&O Rail Yard was formerly the largest individually-owned rail yard in the world.

Vehicles may cross the Ohio River via the Ironton–Russell Bridge or the Ben Williamson Memorial Bridge in Ashland. A new Ironton-Russell Bridge, opened in 2016, connects downtown Ironton with U.S. 23 and KY 244 just south of downtown Russell. The original Ironton-Russell Bridge, which connected downtown Ironton directly with Willow Street in downtown Russell, opened in 1922, closed when the new bridge opened in 2016 and was demolished in late 2016–early 2017.

Medical
Our Lady of Bellefonte Hospital was a 214-bed not-for-profit acute care hospital located in Russell from 1953 to 2020. The hospital was part of the Catholic-based Bon Secours Health System Inc. Our Lady of Bellefonte Hospital employed approximately 1,200 healthcare professionals, making the hospital the largest employer in Greenup County when it was open.

Education
Russell's students are served by Russell Independent Schools, which it shares with its neighbors, Flatwoods and Bellefonte. The main campus, which includes Russell High School, Russell Middle School, Russell Primary School and the Russell Area Technology Center, sits on the Russell/Flatwoods city line (all of the schools' mailing addresses are Russell, but they receive primary police and fire protection from Flatwoods).

The Russell High School football field is home to a fire-breathing Red Devil, the school's mascot Rudy, who sits atop the scoreboard. Russell High School was the 1978 Kentucky State 3A football champion, as well as the 2005 Kentucky State 2A football champion.

Notable people

 * Danny Bentley, American politician born in Russell
 * Billy Ray Cyrus, Country Music Star from nearby Flatwoods
 * Charlie Honaker, professional football player
 * Bill McCutcheon, Emmy and Tony award-winning actor
 * Amanda Noelle, Christian musician and worship leader
 * Ernest E. West, recipient of the Medal of Honor for his actions in the Korean War

title: Russell, Kentucky


text:
South Shore, Kentucky

South Shore is a home rule-class city in Greenup County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 1,122 at the 2010 census, down from 1,226 in 2000. It is located along the Ohio River across from Portsmouth, Ohio, at the mouth of Tygarts Creek. South Shore is a part of the Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH, Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA).

The South Portsmouth–South Shore station serves Amtrak's Cardinal Trains 50 & 51.

History
South Shore was first settled in 1890 by the Fullerton, Warnock, and the Morton families from the nearby Tygarts Valley. Significant development occurred after the coming of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway and George D. Winn's ferry to Portsmouth, Ohio, in the 1890s. Winn began to petition for a post office in 1893, and on July 21 the post office was established as "Fullerton", after his brothers Harvey and Harrison Fullerton. The town was incorporated for a short period during 1919.

In 1895, the Taylor brickyard was established near Fullerton by Clyde King and became the area's top employer. The Taylor name was applied to both the local railway station and the nearby McCall post office on January 16, 1930. This post office was then renamed "South Shore" on February 4, 1940. Shortly after the city of South Shore was incorporated on July 2, 1957, the Fullerton and South Shore post offices were consolidated under the South Shore name. South Shore eventually annexed the entire city of Fullerton, significantly expanding its boundaries.

Geography
South Shore is located in northern Greenup County at 38.72167°N, -82.96361°W (38.721577, -82.963606), on the south bank of the Ohio River. U.S. Route 23 passes through the city limits, leading southeast 16 mi to Greenup, the county seat, and 29 mi to Ashland. To the west, US-23 leads 2 mi to the south end of the U.S. Grant Bridge, which carries the highway across the Ohio River into Portsmouth.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city of South Shore has a total area of 2.2 km2, of which 1.7 km2 is land and 0.5 km2, or 22.79%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,226 people, 539 households, and 335 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,916.9 PD/sqmi. There were 605 housing units at an average density of 945.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 97.55% White, 0.16% African American, 0.57% Native American, 0.08% Asian, 0.24% from other races, and 1.39% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.24% of the population.

There were 539 households, out of which 29.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.0% were married couples living together, 15.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.7% were non-families. 34.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.17 and the average family size was 2.80.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.2% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 24.9% from 25 to 44, 21.2% from 45 to 64, and 21.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 74.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 70.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $18,214, and the median income for a family was $25,197. Males had a median income of $23,036 versus $20,833 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,161. About 22.4% of families and 25.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 35.3% of those under age 18 and 16.3% of those age 65 or over.

Economy
South Shore is the home of Graf Brothers Flooring and Lumber, the largest manufacturer of rift and quartered oak products in the world. Graf Bros employs approximately 275 people, mainly an immigrant workforce.

Attractions
The Indian Head Rock, an 8-ton boulder known for its historic carvings of names and initials of individuals from the 19th and early 20th centuries, is now displayed in an enclosure in Rotary Park.(update is now in South Shore, at the park near the postal office)

Rotary Park is a city park where events, such as an annual quilt festival, are held.

Education
The McKell Branch of the Greenup County Public Library is located just outside the city limits of South Shore.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: South Shore, Kentucky


text:
Worthington, Kentucky

Worthington is a home rule-class city on the south bank of the Ohio River in Greenup County, Kentucky, in the United States. The population was 1,609 as of the 2010 U.S. census.

Worthington is a part of the Huntington-Ashland-Ironton metropolitan area. As of the 2010 census, the MSA had a population of 287,702.

History
The site of the present city was once owned by Abraham Buford, who sold the land to the Means and Russell Iron Company. This company sold the land to W. J. Worthington, who was William O. Bradley's lieutenant governor from 1895 to 1899. After his death, the property was given to his daughters, who founded the present town and named it for their father.

Worthington was incorporated as a city by the Kentucky General Assembly on February 5, 1920.

Geography
Worthington is located in eastern Greenup County at 38.55056°N, -82.73472°W (38.550616, -82.734694), on the south bank of the Ohio River. It is bordered to the west by Wurtland, to the south by Raceland, and to the east by Russell. Directly across the river is the village of Hanging Rock, Ohio, but the closest river crossing is the Oakley C. Collins Memorial Bridge 3 mi to the southeast, connecting Russell with Ironton, Ohio.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city of Worthington has a total area of 3.1 km2, of which 2.9 km2 is land and 0.2 km2, or 7.03%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,673 people, 663 households, and 519 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,427.1 PD/sqmi. There were 698 housing units at an average density of 595.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 98.74% White, 0.06% African American, 0.06% Asian, 0.36% from other races, and 0.78% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.78% of the population.

There were 663 households, out of which 31.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.9% were married couples living together, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.6% were non-families. 19.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 2.86.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.3% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 26.7% from 25 to 44, 27.4% from 45 to 64, and 15.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $34,875, and the median income for a family was $39,737. Males had a median income of $35,324 versus $19,643 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,239. About 7.8% of families and 9.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.8% of those under age 18 and 6.2% of those age 65 or over.

Education

The city sits within the Raceland-Worthington Independent School District, which also includes the neighboring city of Raceland. All of the district's schools, including Raceland-Worthington High School, are located at the district's main campus in Raceland.

Ashland Regional Airport
Located in Worthington, and named for nearby Ashland, the Ashland Regional Airport was once used extensively by the oil manufacturing company Ashland Inc. before the company's corporate headquarters was moved from Russell to Covington. Currently, the airport serves local charter and private aircraft. Recently, community events, such as car and air shows, have also taken place at the airport.

The current Ohio River backwater called the Gravel Pit was a sand and pea gravel quarry from the 1930s until the construction of the Greenup Lock and Dam in 1962.

Notable person

 * Corporal John W. Collier, Medal of Honor recipient for his service during the Korean War

title: Worthington, Kentucky


text:
Wurtland, Kentucky

Wurtland is a home rule-class city in Greenup County, Kentucky, United States, along the Ohio River. The population was 983 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Huntington–Ashland metropolitan area.

The northern terminus of the Industrial Parkway (Kentucky Route 67) is at U.S. Route 23 in Wurtland. This highway serves to connect Wurtland and the surrounding towns of Greenup and Flatwoods to the EastPark industrial park and Interstate 64, 14 mi south of Wurtland.

History
The Wurtland vicinity was first settled by Alexander Fulton and his family circa 1830. The Fultons then established the Fulton's Forge Works, and the community became known as "Fulton's Forge". In 1823, William Shreve and his family had built a steam furnace nearby, and they named their settlement (the) "Old Steam Furnace". Because neither of the settlements had an acceptable name for a post office, the post office was named "Oil Works" after a local factory that made kerosene. Although the Oil Works post office was established on January 14, 1864, it was closed in 1871. On February 28, 1876, the post office was reestablished as "Wurtland", named after George and Samuel Grandin Wurts who had founded the nearby Pennsylvania and Laurel Furnaces in 1848.

Geography
Wurtland is located in eastern Greenup County at 38.54944°N, -82.77472°W (38.549327, -82.774749), on the south bank of the Ohio River. It is bordered to the east by the cities of Worthington and Raceland, and Greenup, the county seat, is 3 mi to the west. Directly across the river is Hamilton Township in Lawrence County, Ohio.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Wurtland has a total area of 4.7 km2, of which 4.6 km2 is land and 0.1 km2, or 2.23%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,049 people, 400 households, and 290 families residing in the city. The population density was 731.1 PD/sqmi. There were 436 housing units at an average density of 303.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 99.43% White, 0.19% African American, 0.19% Native American, and 0.19% from two or more races.

There were 400 households, out of which 25.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.0% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.5% were non-families. 26.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.82.

In the city the population was spread out, with 18.5% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 24.9% from 25 to 44, 22.5% from 45 to 64, and 26.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $25,724, and the median income for a family was $34,063. Males had a median income of $35,104 versus $18,523 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,122. About 12.7% of families and 13.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.5% of those under age 18 and 7.7% of those age 65 or over.

Government
Wurtland is governed by a city commission form of government. Its current mayor is Bobby Reynolds. The city commission consists of a panel of four members.

Policing
The city of Wurtland currently contracts primary police service with the neighboring city of Raceland. Wurtland previously maintained its own police department prior to 2013 which was dissolved due to budget cuts. Wurtland's other neighboring cities, Greenup and Worthington, provide mutual aid assistance to the Raceland Police within the city of Wurtland. In addition, the Greenup County Sheriff's Department and the Kentucky State Police maintain concurrent jurisdiction within the city and assist with policing as needed.

title: Wurtland, Kentucky


text:
Hawesville, Kentucky

Hawesville is a home rule-class city on the south bank of the Ohio River in Hancock County, Kentucky, in the United States. It is the seat of its county. The population was 945 at the 2010 census. It is included in the Owensboro metropolitan area.

Geography
Hawesville is located in northern Hancock County at 37.89889°N, -86.75556°W (37.898865, -86.755570), on the south bank of the Ohio River and on the hills that rise south of the river. The Lincoln Trail Bridge carries Kentucky Route 69 across the Ohio at Hawesville, connecting the city with Cannelton, Indiana. U.S. Route 60 passes through the southwest part of Hawesville, leading southeast 10 mi to Cloverport and southwest 25 mi to Owensboro.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Hawesville has a total area of 3.2 sqkm, all land.

History
Upon the establishment of Hancock County in 1829, local landowner Richard Hawes Sr. (father of Rep. Richard Hawes Jr.) donated land for a county seat, free to any homesteaders who settled there. The Hawesville post office was established later that year. The city was formally established in 1836 and incorporated by the state assembly in 1847.

Despite the Immaculate Conception Church's listing on the National Register of Historic Places, it was demolished and replaced with a modern structure.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 971 people, 409 households, and 271 families residing in the city. The population density was 747.3 PD/sqmi. There were 441 housing units at an average density of 339.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 98.25% White, 1.44% African American, 0.10% Native American, and 0.21% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.21% of the population.

There were 409 households, out of which 34.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.3% were married couples living together, 12.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.7% were non-families. 32.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.98.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.6% under the age of 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 15.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $33,929, and the median income for a family was $45,000. Males had a median income of $39,318 versus $22,750 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,985. About 12.1% of families and 11.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.6% of those under age 18 and 10.1% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Hawesville has a lending library, a branch of the Hancock County Public Library.

title: Hawesville, Kentucky


text:
Lewisport, Kentucky

Lewisport is a home rule-class city in the floodplain of the Ohio River in Hancock County, Kentucky, in the United States. The population was 1,670 at the 2010 census, and is also the most populous community in the county. It is included in the Owensboro metropolitan area.

History
Lewisport was originally a ferry landing site known as "Little Yellow Banks", in allusion to Owensboro's original name of "Yellow Banks". The first settler was James Prentis, who platted the current town in 1837 with his brother John. An attempt to rename the city "Prentisport" failed, though, when James insisted the town be named after his friend Dr. John Lewis instead. The town was chartered as "Lewisport" in 1839, and the post office was established under that name in 1844. The city was formally incorporated by the state assembly the same year, but needed to be reincorporated in 1882.

Logging and flatboat construction were the initial chief industries. The river has flooded the city repeatedly, and the importance of lumber construction and industry has sparked several major fires.

Abraham Lincoln won his first case – Commonwealth of Kentucky v. Abraham Lincoln – in Lewisport's Pate House, at the time the site of the local circuit court. He was tried in the east room of the log house before Squire Pate for operating a ferry across the Ohio River without a license, but the justice of the peace dismissed the case against him. The house is now a county landmark and is open for tours throughout the year.

During the Civil War, Bill Davison and Isaac Coulter captured and robbed the steamship Morning Star here on December 23, 1864, killing three Union soldiers. The town's only bank was shuttered during the Great Depression. Upon its founding in 1938, the Lewisport School System comprised eight local one-room schools; today it is part of the Hancock County Consolidated School System.

Geography
Lewisport is located in northwestern Hancock County at 37.935°N, -86.90528°W (37.935023, -86.905270), on the south bank of the Ohio River. The closest river crossings are 10 mi by road to the east, at Hawesville, and the same distance to the west, at U.S. Route 231 near Rockport, Indiana. U.S. Route 60 passes east–west through the southern end of Lewisport. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.5 km2, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,639 people, 648 households, and 452 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,540.8 PD/sqmi. There were 748 housing units at an average density of 703.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.40% White, 1.89% African American, 0.37% Native American, 0.61% Asian, 0.24% from other races, and 0.49% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.65% of the population.

There were 648 households, out of which 35.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.4% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.2% were non-families. 27.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.98.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.8% under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 27.4% from 25 to 44, 21.2% from 45 to 64, and 15.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $35,774, and the median income for a family was $42,321. Males had a median income of $39,318 versus $21,705 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,413. About 15.6% of families and 17.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.7% of those under age 18 and 16.6% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Lewisport has a lending library, a branch of the Hancock County Public Library. It was home to Lewisport Elementary School, later replaced by North Hancock Elementary School in 2006.

title: Lewisport, Kentucky


text:
Elizabethtown, Kentucky

Elizabethtown is a home rule-class city and the county seat of Hardin County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 28,531 at the 2010 census, and was estimated at 31,394 by the U.S. Census Bureau in 2020, making it the 11th-largest city in the state. It is included in (and the principal city of) the Elizabethtown–Fort Knox, Kentucky Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Louisville/Jefferson County–Elizabethtown–Madison, Kentucky-Indiana Combined Statistical Area. The Elizabethtown Metropolitan area had a 2019 estimated population of 153,057, making it the 5th-largest metropolitan area in the state.

History
Established in 1793, Hardin County was named for Colonel John Hardin, an Indian fighter who worked with tribes in the local area. In a few years, professional men and tradesmen came to live in the area. In 1793, Colonel Andrew Hynes had 30 acre (until then known as the "Severn's Valley Settlement" ) surveyed and laid off into lots and streets to establish Elizabethtown. Named in honor of his wife, Elizabethtown was legally established in 1797.

Thomas Lincoln helped Samuel Haycraft build a millrace at Haycraft's mill on Valley Creek. After Lincoln married Nancy Hanks in 1806, they lived in a log cabin built in Elizabethtown. Their daughter, Sarah, was born there in 1807. Soon after, they moved to the Sinking Spring Farm, where Abraham Lincoln was born in 1809. Thomas Lincoln took his family to Indiana in 1816. After his wife died in 1818, he returned to Elizabethtown and married Sarah Bush Johnston, widowed since 1816. She and her three children accompanied Thomas back to Indiana, where Sarah was stepmother to Thomas' two children.

On March 5, 1850, the Commonwealth of Kentucky granted a charter to the Louisville and Nashville Railroad Company authorizing it to raise funds and built a railroad from Louisville to the Tennessee state line in the direction of Nashville. John L. Helm, the grandson of Capt. Thomas Helm, became the president of the railroad in October 1854; he directed construction of the main stem of the rail line through Elizabethtown. The rail line was completed to Elizabethtown in 1858, with the first train arriving on June 15, 1858. The opening of the railroad brought economic growth to Elizabethtown, which became an important trade center along the railroad and a strategic point during the Civil War.

On December 27, 1862, Confederate General John Hunt Morgan and his 3,000-man cavalry attacked Elizabethtown. During the battle, more than 100 cannonballs were fired into the town. Although he successfully captured Elizabethtown, Morgan's chief goal was to disrupt the railroad and northern transportation. He proceeded north along the railroad, burning trestles and destroying sections of the track. After the battle, one cannonball was found lodged in the side of a building on the public square. After the building burned in 1887 and was rebuilt, the cannonball was replaced in the side wall, as close to its original site as possible, where it remains in the present day. It is located in the Joey Lee building, which is located on the historic town square. The building is currently owned and houses the office of attorney Roger T. Rigney, it also features a plaquard noting the cannonball and the history behind it out front.

From 1871 to 1873 during the Reconstruction Era, the Seventh Cavalry and a battalion of the Fourth Infantry, led by General George Armstrong Custer, were stationed in Elizabethtown. The military were assigned to suppress the local Ku Klux Klan under the Enforcement Acts, as their members had been attacking freedmen and other Republicans. They also broke up illegal distilleries, which began to flourish in the South after the Civil War. General Custer and his wife Elizabeth lived in a small cottage behind Aunt Beck Hill's boarding house, now known as the Brown-Pusey House.

Geography
Elizabethtown is in east-central Hardin County, about 15 mi south of Fort Knox. Interstate 65 passes through the southeast side of the city, leading north-northeast 30 mi to Louisville and southwest 80 mi to Bowling Green. The Western Kentucky Parkway starts at I-65 in Elizabethtown and leads west 138 mi to Eddyville. To the east, the Bluegrass Parkway leads 105 mi to Lexington.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Elizabethtown has a total area of 25.8 sqmi, of which 25.4 sqmi is land and 0.5 sqmi (1.77%) is water.

The Elizabethtown–Fort Knox metropolitan area consists of Hardin, Meade, and Larue counties, and includes Radcliff, a city about three-fourths the size of Elizabethtown; the housing areas of the Fort Knox Military Installation; the unincorporated town of Rineyville; and other communities such as Vine Grove, Glendale, Sonora, West Point, and Upton.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Elizabethtown has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 28,531 people, 15,711 households, and 9,345 families residing in the city. The population density was 936.6/mi2 (361.6/km2). There were 12,664 housing units at an average density of 490.5/mi2 (189.4/km$2$). The racial makeup of the city was 80.4% White (78.1% non-Hispanic), 19.6% African American, 0.34% Native American or Alaska Native, 2.6% Asian, 0.18% Pacific Islander, 1.3% from other races, and 3.4% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 4.3% of the population.

There were 15,711 households, out of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.2% were married couples living together, 15.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.3% were non-families. 32.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.94.

The age distribution was 25.1% under 18, 9.8% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 24.4% from 45 to 64, and 13.2% who were 65 or older. The median age was 35.4 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.4 males.

Full economic data for Kentucky locations from the 2010 Census has not yet been released. As of the 2010 Census, median income for a household in the city was $40,720, and the median income for a family was $54,699. Full-time male workers had a median income of $43,406 versus $30,310 for females. The per capita income for the city was $23,627. As of the 2000 Census, about 8.5% of families and 10.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.6% of those under age 18 and 9.1% of those age 65 or over.

In 2000, Kentucky counties Hardin and LaRue were defined as the Elizabethtown, KY Metropolitan Statistical Area by the Bureau of the Census; the name of the region was changed in 2013 to Elizabethtown–Fort Knox, KY Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is part of the Louisville–Elizabethtown–Bardstown, KY-IN Combined Statistical Area.

Churches
The first Baptist settlement west of the Allegheny Mountains was in Elizabethtown at Severns Valley Baptist Church, named after the original name of Elizabethtown. Catholics came west from Nelson County and settled at Colesburg at St. Clare Parish before coming to St. James Parish in Elizabethtown. Lucinda Helm helped bring United Methodists into Elizabethtown, and they immortalized her in naming the Helm Memorial United Methodist Church, today simply called MUMC. More than 12 denominations are represented by over 100 churches in Elizabethtown.

Culture
The town is regionally referred to as "E-town" (sometimes with an apostrophe in place of the dash). It is one of two larger towns (the other being Bowling Green) along I-65 between Louisville and Nashville. The movie Elizabethtown (2005) was named after the town; most of the footage was filmed in Versailles and Louisville because Elizabethtown has lost much of its historic architecture in recent years due to commercial development.

Alcohol sales
Elizabethtown is officially classified by the Kentucky Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control (ABC) as being in a "moist county". Under ABC terminology, "moist" indicates that at least one city within a county has approved packaged alcohol sales. In popular usage, the term "moist" more often refers to the city's former status as allowing by-the-drink sales in restaurants, but not package sales.

Despite the county being a dry county, alcoholic drink sales have long been allowed in restaurants seating at least 100 diners and deriving at least 70% of their total sales from food. Beer, wine and spirits can be purchased at licensed liquor stores, drug stores and grocery outlets, beer can be purchased at most convenience stores. The locals classify this as a "damp" or "moist" county. In 2011, the residents of Elizabethtown, Radcliff, and Vine Grove voted to allow properly licensed businesses to sell package liquor, wine, and beer.

Transportation
The city is served by the Elizabethtown Regional Airport (EKX), and the Elizabethtown Airport Board was as of 2013 exploring options to bring commercial services to the city.

Elizabethtown Independent Schools
Elizabethtown Independent Schools operates:
 * Elizabethtown High School
 * T.K. Stone Middle School
 * Morningside Elementary School
 * Helmwood Heights Elementary School
 * Valley View Educational Center

Hardin County Schools
The Hardin County Schools (HCS) are another district that encompasses some of the city limits.

Here are the schools located within the city limits:

 * Bluegrass Middle School
 * Central Hardin High School
 * G.C. Burkhead Elementary School
 * Heartland Elementary School
 * Lincoln Trail Elementary School
 * New Highland Elementary School

Although New Highland Elementary, Bluegrass Middle School, and John Hardin High School have an Elizabethtown mailing address, and some Elizabethtown residents are zoned into those schools, they are actually within the city limits of neighboring Radcliff. Similarly, the HCS headquarters is located in Radcliff but served by the Elizabethtown post office. Conversely, Central Hardin High is within the city limits of Elizabethtown but has a mailing address of Cecilia.

Private schools

 * Saint James Catholic Regional School
 * Gloria Dei Lutheran School

Post-secondary education
Elizabethtown is home to Elizabethtown Community and Technical College, a member of the Kentucky Community and Technical College System, as well as Empire Beauty School formerly the Hair Design School on Westport Road. Also, Western Kentucky University has a regional campus located on post at Fort Knox and in a building that is shared with ECTC in Elizabethtown.

The Elizabethtown Japanese School (エリザベスタウン日本人補習校 Erizabesutaun Nihonjin Hoshūkō), a weekend Japanese program, holds its classes at the Elizabethtown Community and Technical College.

Public library
Elizabethtown has a lending library, a branch of the Hardin County Public Library.

Notable people

 * Nathan Adcock, MLB pitcher for the Kansas City Royals
 * Philip Arnold, confidence trickster, most famous for the diamond hoax of 1872
 * Antwain Barbour, professional basketball player and former member of the Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team.
 * Ben M. Bogard, clergyman, founder of the American Baptist Association, born in Elizabethtown in 1868
 * Mark Bradley, outfielder for the New York Mets and Los Angeles Dodgers from 1981 to 1983
 * John Y. Brown, 31st Governor of Kentucky and former Representative of Kentucky's 2nd district (1873–1877) & 5th district (1859–1861)
 * Chaz Cardigan, Alternative rock musician
 * Frank Chelf, United States representative from Kentucky
 * David Dao, doctor, passenger notable for being dragged off United Airlines Flight 3411
 * Brandon Deaderick, NFL defensive tackle drafted by the New England Patriots and currently plays for the Jacksonville Jaguars
 * Steve Delabar, MLB relief pitcher for the Toronto Blue Jays
 * Greg Downs, award-winning author
 * Daniel Cameron, 51st Attorney General of Kentucky
 * Sarah Lincoln Grigsby, sister of Abraham Lincoln; born in Elizabethtown
 * Benjamin Hardin Helm, brigadier general, Confederate States Army
 * John LaRue Helm, 18th and 24th Governor of Kentucky
 * Walter Dee Huddleston, U.S. Senator from 1973 to 1985
 * Andrew Hynes, founder of Elizabethtown, which he named after his wife
 * Steve Jameson, award-winning painter and children's book illustrator
 * Joshua Jewett, former Representative of the 5th district, (1855–1859)
 * Keen Johnson, 45th Governor of Kentucky
 * Sarah Bush Johnston, second wife of Thomas Lincoln and stepmother to President Abraham Lincoln
 * Jimmie Lee, member of the Kentucky House of Representatives representing District 25
 * Thomas Lincoln, father of President Abraham Lincoln
 * Usher F. Linder, Illinois Attorney General
 * Danny Lloyd, actor in The Shining
 * Charles B. Middleton, stage and film actor, famous for his role as Ming the Merciless in the Flash Gordon movie serials
 * Daniel Martin Moore, singer-songwriter; born in Elizabethtown
 * Elizabeth Helm Nitchie, educator, expert on lip reading, born in Elizabethtown
 * Dennis Parrett, member of the Kentucky Senate representing District 10
 * Kenny Perry, professional PGA Tour golfer
 * Todd Perry, former NFL offensive guard for the Chicago Bears and Miami Dolphins
 * Steffphon Pettigrew, professional basketball player
 * Kelly Rutherford, television and film actress, famous for her roles on Generations, Melrose Place, Gossip Girl and The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr.
 * Chris Todd, Auburn Tigers quarterback

Sister cities
Elizabethtown has one sister city, as designated by Sister Cities International:

 * 🇯🇵 Koori, Fukushima, Japan

title: Elizabethtown, Kentucky


text:
Radcliff, Kentucky

Radcliff is a home rule-class city in Hardin County, Kentucky, in the United States. The population was 23,042 as of the 2020 Census, up from 21,692 from the 2010 census.

Its economy is largely dominated by the adjacent U.S. Army base Fort Knox and by the nearby city of Elizabethtown. Radcliff's population previously fluctuated greatly depending on the deployments of the units at the base, but the BRAC reorganization of 2005, and the quartering of the U.S. Army's Human Resources Command to Fort Knox has created a larger and more stable population.

Geography
Radcliff is in northern Hardin County at 37.83°N, -85.94556°W (37.829918, -85.945541). It is bordered to the north by Fort Knox and to the west by Vine Grove. U.S. Route 31W runs through the east side of the city, leading north 34 mi to Louisville and south 11 mi to Elizabethtown.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Radcliff has a total area of 32.2 km2, of which 32.1 km2 are land and 0.1 sqkm, or 0.25%, are water.

The former unincorporated community of Rogersville, named for a local family, is in the southern part of Radcliff along US 31W and Kentucky Route 447.

History
Incorporated in 1956, Radcliff was first settled in 1919, when Horace McCullum subdivided lots along Wilson Avenue and sold them at auction to the highest bidder. McCullum named the new community after Major William Radcliffe, head of the Quartermaster Corps at the newly established Camp Henry Knox. After selling the general store he had opened in the new town, McCullum no longer played a role in its development.

The next significant step in Radcliff's history took place during the 1930s when Fort Knox expanded and dislocated the towns of Stithton and New Stithton, causing various residents and businesses of those communities to move to Radcliff. During World War II, thousands of soldiers trained at Fort Knox and spent their leisure hours at the USO in Radcliff.

Hardin Water District No. 1 was formed in 1953, and became a reality in 1955 with the sale of bonds to finance the project. Today, the water district is the principal source of fresh water to all Hardin County. Radcliff's fire department was established in 1955, with Joseph B. Hutcherson the first fire chief. The Radcliff Civic Club was also organized that year. The city incorporated in March 1956 as a 6th-class city. Radcliff Police Department was formed with officers paid on a fee basis. The population was estimated at 800. Radcliff's population growth over the last 50 years is due to the transient military population, and trends are showing a plateau and decline. At one time, Radcliff was larger than Elizabethtown, but that was short-lived after the 2000 census and more so after the BRAC transformation at the beginning of the 21st century. Starting with 800 in 1956, the Census Bureau reported populations of 3,381 in 1960, 8,281 in 1970, 14,519 in 1980, and 21,961 in 2000.

In 1988, a youth group from the First Assembly of God in Radcliff was involved in the worst drunk-driving incident in U.S. history, a bus collision in which a drunk driver going the wrong way on Interstate 71 hit the group's vehicle, killing 27 people.

In mid-October 2011, the city voted to approve alcohol sales, which began in January 2012.

Former Kentucky state representative Mike Weaver was elected mayor in 2014 and took office in 2015 for a four-year term. City council members Barbara Baker, Stan Holmes, Edward L. Palmer, T. W. Shortt, Kim Thompson and Chris Yates were also elected in 2014 and took office in 2015, each for a two-year term.

The November 8, 2016, general election for Radcliff City Council ended with all current councilmembers reelected except Shortt, who had run for Kentucky State Representative. Radcliff community leader and businesswoman Tanya Seabrooks was elected to fill the seat Shortt vacated, defeating five other candidates. She took the oath of office in December 2016 for a two-year term. Shortt was defeated in his bid for state representative by the incumbent, Dean Schamore.

In the 2020 general election for the City Council, all but two incumbent members of the city council were re-elected. Barbara Baker lost her seat after finishing eighth in the race and Edward Palmer decided not to run for re-election. The two newly elected to the council were Terry Owens who finished second and Toshie Murrell who finished fifth. Incumbent Tanya Seabrooks was re-elected, having finished fourth, but died a month after the election. In a special-called meeting on January 7, 2021, the city council unanimously appointed Aundra Lett Jackson, who finished seventh in the race, as the council's sixth member to serve Seabrooks' term.

The 2022 election for the Radcliff City Council saw incumbents Terry Owens, Kim Thompson, Pamela DeRoche, and Toshie Murrell win re-election. Chris Yates did not run for another term on the city council, instead running as a Democratic Party candidate in the magisterial election for the first district of the Hardin County fiscal court, where he defeated independent candidate Edward Palmer. Aundra Lett Jackson did not win enough votes to secure a second term. Jerry Brown, who had previously served five terms as a member of the city council, and Michelle Harmon, an owner of an ice cream shop and a volunteer in the community, won seats on the city council. Brown and Harmon were sworn in as members of the City Council on December 20, 2022.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 21,961 people, 8,487 households, and 5,856 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,914.1 PD/sqmi. There were 9,487 housing units at an average density of 826.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 62.76% White, 25.65% African American, 0.61% Native American, 3.52% Asian, 0.41% Pacific Islander, 2.60% from other races, and 4.46% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.66% of the population.

There were 8,487 households, out of which 38.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.7% were married couples living together, 16.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.0% were non-families. 26.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 29.1% under the age of 18, 9.6% from 18 to 24, 32.6% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 8.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $35,763, and the median income for a family was $41,260. Males had a median income of $30,518 versus $20,982 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,436. About 11.3% of families and 12.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.0% of those under age 18 and 3.4% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Radcliff has two public secondary schools within its city limits. Most high-schoolers in the city attend North Hardin High School, with some zoned to attend John Hardin High School (which is in a portion of the city served by the Elizabethtown post office). There are also: North Park Elementary, Woodland Elementary, Meadowview Elementary, North Middle School, Radcliff Elementary and the all-grades North Hardin Christian School private school run by Radcliff's Fellowship Independent Baptist Church.

Radcliff had a lending library, a branch of the Hardin County Public Library. The North Branch was closed in September 2020. The building that was once the library was sold by the Hardin County Fiscal Court on July 26, 2022.

title: Radcliff, Kentucky


text:
Sonora, Kentucky

Sonora is a home rule-class city in Hardin County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 565 as of the 2020 Census, up from 513 from the 2010 census,. It is included in the Elizabethtown, Kentucky Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
Sonora began as an L&N Railroad construction camp known as "Bucksnort" in the late 1850s. This name is believed to have been inspired by the sounds of early locomotives, which the workers thought resembled deer snorts. When a depot was established at the site in 1859, the name was changed to "Sonora". This may have referred to Sonora, Mexico, the home of a railroad contractor.

U.S. Navy Master Diver Carl Brashear was born in nearby Tonieville and raised in Sonora.

Geography
Sonora is located in southeastern Hardin County at 37.52583°N, -85.89444°W (37.525783, -85.894373). The city is concentrated around the intersection of Kentucky Route 84 and Kentucky Route 720, with its municipal boundaries stretching eastward to the Hardin-LaRue county line. Interstate 65 passes through the eastern end of the city, with access from Exit 81. I-65 leads north 13 mi to Elizabethtown, the county seat, and south 18 mi to Munfordville.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.0 km2, of which 0.03 sqkm, or 0.98%, are water.

2020 census
As of the 2020 census, there were 565 people.

2000 census
At the 2000 census, there were 350 people, 138 households and 85 families residing in the city. The population density was 423.3 PD/sqmi. There were 159 housing units at an average density of 192.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 94.86% White, 2.86% African American, 0.29% Native American, 0.29% Asian, and 1.71% from two or more races.

There were 138 households, of which 31.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.6% were married couples living together, 10.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.7% were non-families. 32.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 3.22.

The age distribution was 26.6% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 27.7% from 25 to 44, 18.6% from 45 to 64, and 19.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 81.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.2 males.

The median household income was $27,361 and the median family income was $37,500. Males had a median income of $28,438 and females $14,038. The per capita income was $13,554. About 6.1% of families and 10.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.3% of those under age 18 and 11.9% of those age 65 or over.

title: Sonora, Kentucky


text:
Vine Grove, Kentucky

Vine Grove is a home rule-class city in Hardin County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 6,559 as of the 2020 Census, up from 4,520 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Elizabethtown–Fort Knox Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
Vine Grove is located in northern Hardin County at 37.81194°N, -85.98°W (37.811971, -85.980006). It is bordered to the east by the city of Radcliff and to the northwest by Meade County. Kentucky Route 144 is the city's Main Street, and Kentucky Route 313 (Joe Prather Highway) runs through the northern part of the city. Elizabethtown, the Hardin County seat, is 11 mi to the southeast, and Brandenburg on the Ohio River is 18 mi to the northwest. Fort Knox is 5 mi to the northeast, on the other side of Radcliff.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Vine Grove has a total area of 12.2 km2, of which 12.1 km2 are land and 0.1 sqkm, or 0.90%, are water. The city is drained by the Brushy Fork, which flows west to Otter Creek, which flows north along the western edge of the city and is a tributary of the Ohio River.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,169 people, 1,619 households, and 1,160 families residing in the city. The population density was 707.6 PD/sqmi. There were 1,779 housing units at an average density of 302.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 83.31% White, 10.63% African American, 0.55% Native American, 1.73% Asian, 0.31% Pacific Islander, 1.20% from other races, and 2.28% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.02% of the population.

There were 1,619 households, out of which 37.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.9% were married couples living together, 12.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.3% were non-families. 24.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.07.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 27.6% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 30.3% from 25 to 44, 23.1% from 45 to 64, and 11.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.2 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $38,581, and the median income for a family was $43,875. Males had a median income of $31,266 versus $24,634 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,465. About 6.7% of families and 10.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.7% of those under age 18 and 8.3% of those age 65 or over.

Government
Vine Grove uses a city council consisting of the city mayor and six members who are tasked with "making decisions on spending approval, budgets, ordinances and other issues that may affect the City." As of February 2020, the current mayor of Vine Grove is Pam Ogden.

Notable residents

 * Nathan Adcock, Major League Baseball player; relief pitcher for the Kansas City Royals

title: Vine Grove, Kentucky


text:
West Point, Kentucky

West Point is a home rule-class city in Hardin County, Kentucky, United States, near the edge of Fort Knox military reservation on Dixie Highway. It is located in a former meander bend of the Ohio River. The population was 952 as of the 2020 Census, up from 797 from the 2010 census, but still down from 1,100 at the 2000 census.

West Point is part of the Elizabethtown–Fort Knox Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
West Point was founded by pioneer James Young, who built a cabin at the site in 1789 and, in 1797, built a brick house and inn that is still standing today. In 1803, Lewis and Clark passed nearby and recruited West Point citizen John Shields to join their Corps of Discovery.

West Point sits at the confluence of the Ohio and Salt rivers, a strategic position that led Union forces to construct a fort here during the Civil War to protect their supply routes. Fort Duffield is the state's largest and best-preserved earthen fortification from the period.

West Point also retains many of its other historic resources, and a large portion of the community is listed in the National Register of Historic Places as a historic district.

One of the newest preservation projects in West Point is the rehabilitation of the West Point Independent Colored School (1926), one of the "Rosenwald Schools" built by philanthropist Julius Rosenwald to educate African-Americans in rural areas. Plans call for using the one-room school as a visitor, educational, and research facility.

West Point commemorated the bicentennial of Lewis and Clark's visit with a heritage festival that celebrated local history and drew heritage tourists. Year-round, Fort Duffield is an important tourist destination, and the city recently secured a grant to fund walking trails at the site.

West Point was a childhood residence of the late Louisiana Governor James A. Noe Sr., a wealthy oilman and landowner.

Geography
West Point is located at the northern end of Hardin County at 37.99167°N, -85.95444°W (37.991543, -85.954540), at the confluence of the Ohio and Salt rivers. The Dixie Highway (U.S. Routes 31W and 60) passes through the city just east of the downtown, leading northeast 21 mi to Louisville and south 23 mi to Elizabethtown, the Hardin County seat. Fort Duffield Park is located in the southern part of the city, with the remains of the fort sitting on top of a hill that rises 300 ft above the downtown. The city is bordered to the south by the northern end of Fort Knox.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city of West Point has a total area of 1.4 km2, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,100 people, 439 households, and 281 families residing in the city. The population density was 408.5 PD/sqmi. There were 566 housing units at an average density of 210.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 98.09% White, 0.64% African American, 0.64% Native American, 0.09% Asian, 0.09% from other races, and 0.45% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 0.82% of the population.

There were 439 households, out of which 31.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.7% were married couples living together, 14.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.8% were non-families. 29.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 3.09.

The age distribution was 26.2% under 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 30.0% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 12.5% who were 65 or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $29,792, and the median income for a family was $35,139. Males had a median income of $23,611 versus $18,125 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,381. About 15.9% of families and 20.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 29.3% of those under age 18 and 15.1% of those age 65 or over.

Education
West Point Independent School District operated a single K-8 school, while high school students attended Elizabethtown High School of the Elizabethtown Independent Schools. On January 28, 2020, the West Point Independent Schools Board of Education voted unanimously to begin merger negotiations with Hardin County Schools; the West Point board approved the merger on February 18 and the Hardin County board followed two days later. The merger took effect on July 1, 2020. The relocation of students sent kindergarten students to North Park Elementary, first through fifth grades to Vine Grove Elementary, and sixth through eighth grade to J.T. Alton Middle School. Students who attended Elizabethtown High before the merger completed their high school there, while West Point high school students after the meger attend North Hardin High School.

In popular culture
West Point and neighboring town Muldraugh are featured in the open world survival horror game Project Zomboid as spawn points. The nearby city of Louisville is also featured in the game.

title: West Point, Kentucky


text:
Benham, Kentucky

Benham is a home rule-class city in Harlan County, Kentucky, in the United States. The city was formally incorporated by the General Assembly in 1961. The population was 512 at the 2020 census, up from 500 at the 2010 census.

History
Benham was originally a company town for International Harvester. The Benham Historic District is on the National Register of Historic Places in recognition of the coal town.

Geography
Benham is located in eastern Harlan County at 36.96472°N, -82.95417°W (36.964832, -82.954035), in the valley of Looney Creek, between Looney Ridge to the north and Benham Spur to the south. Looney Creek flows west to the Poor Fork of the Cumberland River in neighboring Cumberland.

Kentucky Route 160 is Benham's Main Street, leading west 2.5 mi to Cumberland and east through Lynch 9 mi to the Virginia border at the crest of Black Mountain just north of its summit, the highest point in Kentucky.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Benham has a total area of 0.6 km2, all of it land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 599 people, 248 households, and 181 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,519.2 PD/sqmi. There were 288 housing units at an average density of 730.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 88.81% White, 9.85% African American, 0.33% Native American, 0.17% Asian, 0.33% from other races, and 0.50% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.50% of the population.

There were 248 households, out of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.3% were married couples living together, 9.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.0% were non-families. 26.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.9% under the age of 18, 4.5% from 18 to 24, 24.9% from 25 to 44, 28.2% from 45 to 64, and 19.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $25,250, and the median income for a family was $33,333. Males had a median income of $35,000 versus $24,844 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,174. About 18.1% of families and 20.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.8% of those under age 18 and 18.7% of those age 65 or over.

Environmental concerns
In 2010, various city employees and residents expressed concern for the city's relatively high-quality drinking water. While many claimed that the drinking water is cleaner than water anywhere else in the general area, many argued that underground coal mining will contaminate public water supplies for both Benham and the adjacent city of Lynch.

Notable people

 * Bernie Bickerstaff, NBA executive and head coach

title: Benham, Kentucky


text:
Cumberland, Kentucky

Cumberland is a home rule-class city in Harlan County, Kentucky, in the United States. The population according to the 2010 Census was 2,237, down from 2,611 at the 2000 census. The city sits at the confluence of Looney Creek and the Poor Fork Cumberland River.

History
Cumberland was settled in 1837 and named "Poor Fork", for its location on a fork of the Cumberland River with relatively poor soil. It remained isolated until the coal mining boom of the 1900s when railroads connected it with surrounding towns. It was renamed "Cumberland" in 1926.

On July 29, 2019, a group of coal miners blocked a coal train on a track in protest when the company they worked for, Blackjewel LLC, refused to pay them after declaring bankruptcy. Blackjewel was founded in 2017, and it was one of the largest coal mining companies in the country. Its bankruptcy filing also affected employees in Virginia and Wyoming; in total about 1700 miners have been affected. The miners called off the protest in late September 2019, mostly because they have found other jobs. They intend to continue their fight in court.

Geography
Cumberland is located in northeastern Harlan County at 36.97694°N, -82.9875°W (36.977016, -82.987434) in the valley of the Poor Fork of the Cumberland River, where it is joined by Looney Creek from the southeast and Cloverlick Creek from the south. The city limits extend to the north up to the crest of Pine Mountain, which forms the Letcher County line. Elevations within the city range from 1400 ft above sea level along the Poor Fork on the west side of town to 2700 ft atop Pine Mountain.

U.S. Route 119 passes through Cumberland, passing south of the city center. US 119 leads northeast 34 mi to Jenkins and southwest 22 mi to Harlan, the Harlan County seat. Kentucky Route 160 passes through the center of Cumberland, leading southeast 2.5 mi to Benham and 12 mi to the Virginia border, and north over Pine Mountain 5 mi to Gordon.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city of Cumberland has a total area of 8.1 km2, of which 0.08 km2, or 0.95%, are water.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Cumberland has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,611 people, 1,076 households, and 723 families residing in the city. The population density was 570.5 PD/sqmi. There were 1,288 housing units at an average density of 281.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 93.60% White, 5.09% African American, 0.50% Native American, 0.04% Asian, 0.04% from other races, and 0.73% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.84% of the population.

There were 1,076 households, out of which 31.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.7% were married couples living together, 16.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.8% were non-families. 31.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.5% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 25.5% from 25 to 44, 22.1% from 45 to 64, and 17.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $15,929, and the median income for a family was $22,365. Males had a median income of $34,327 versus $13,750 for females. The per capita income for the city was $9,835. About 31.5% of families and 38.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 56.3% of those under age 18 and 19.5% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Cumberland is home to the main campus of Southeast Kentucky Community and Technical College, part of the Kentucky Community and Technical College System.

Cumberland has a lending library, a branch of the Harlan County Public Library.

Arts and culture
Cumberland is home to Kingdom Come State Park, which features a lake, gift shop, camp sites, miniature golf, paddle boating, picnic facilities, primitive camping, hiking trails, and an amphitheatre. The park is home to natural rock formations including Raven Rock and Log Rock. Two overlooks in the park provide scenic views of the Appalachian Mountains.

Cumberland is home to the annual Kingdom Come Swappin' Meetin', a festival honoring Appalachian history, folklore, and products. The festival is held on the campus of Southeast Kentucky Community and Technical College in Cumberland. The festival includes live demonstrations of Appalachian methods and traditions. The most recent festival is the annual Black Bear Festival, in honor of the popular black bears at Kingdom Come State Park.

title: Cumberland, Kentucky


text:
Evarts, Kentucky

Evarts is a home rule-class city in Harlan County, Kentucky, in the United States. The post office was opened on February 9, 1855, and named for one of the area's pioneer families. The city was formally incorporated by the state assembly in 1921. The population was 962 at the 2010 census.

Geography
Evarts is in central Harlan County, in the valley of the Clover Fork of the Cumberland River, where it is joined from the southeast by the valley of Yocum Creek. Kentucky Route 38 (Main Street) follows the Clover Fork, leading northeast (upstream) 21 mi to the Virginia border near Keokee, and southwest (downstream) 8 mi to Harlan, the county seat. Kentucky Route 215 runs southeast from Evarts up the Yocum Creek valley through Kenvir 5 mi to Dizney.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Evarts has a total area of 1.04 km2, of which 0.04 sqkm, or 4.07%, are water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,101 people, 428 households, and 299 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,828.0 PD/sqmi. There were 490 housing units at an average density of 813.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 94.91% White, 2.82% African American, 0.09% Native American, 0.09% Asian, 0.45% from other races, and 1.63% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.64% of the population.

There were 428 households, out of which 31.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.7% were married couples living together, 15.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.1% were non-families. 26.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.13.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 28.4% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 23.7% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $17,963, and the median income for a family was $22,159. Males had a median income of $26,125 versus $18,125 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,657. About 31.3% of families and 37.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 52.7% of those under age 18 and 23.1% of those age 65 or over.

Government
Evarts is controlled by a mayor–council form of government. The city's current mayor is Eddie Manning. Previous mayor, Burl Fee, died on September 7, 2011. Current members of the city council are: Preston McLain, Jackie Renfro, Ernie Woodard, Jaysin Stallard, Renee Doan, and Larry Caudill. The representative body of the city is the city council.

Education
The city of Evarts is served by Harlan County Public Schools. The district operates Evarts Elementary School, Black Mountain Elementary School, and Harlan County High School.

Evarts has a lending library, a branch of the Harlan County Public Library.

title: Evarts, Kentucky


text:
Harlan, Kentucky

Harlan is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of Harlan County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 1,745 at the 2010 census, down from 2,081 at the 2000 census.

Harlan is one of three Kentucky county seats to share its name with its county, the others being Greenup and Henderson.

History
Harlan was first settled by Samuel and Chloe Howard in 1796. Upon the founding of Harlan County (named for Kentucky pioneer Silas Harlan) in 1819, the Howards donated 12 acre of land to serve as the county seat. The community there was already known as "Mount Pleasant", apparently owing to a nearby Indian mound. A post office was established on September 19, 1828, but called "Harlan Court House" due to another Mt. Pleasant preempting that name. During the Civil War, Confederate raiders under Gen. Humphrey Marshall occupied the town; the local postmaster renamed the community "Spurlock" after himself; and, in October 1863, the courthouse was burnt down in reprisal for the Union destruction of the courthouse in Lee County, Virginia. In 1865, the post office was renamed "Harlan" and, although the community was formally incorporated by the state assembly as "Mount Pleasant" on April 15, 1884, the town was already usually called "Harlan Court House" or "Harlan Town" by its inhabitants. The city's terms of incorporation were amended to change the name to "Harlan" on March 13, 1912. One year before, the Louisville and Nashville Railroad had arrived in Harlan and prompted massive growth. The city had initially expanded east along the Clover Fork; after World War II, it also expanded south along Martin's Fork.

Harlan is the site of a criminal case in which a man, Condy Dabney, was convicted in 1924 of murdering a person who was later found alive.

A flood in 1977 prompted federal aid that diverted the Clover Fork into man-made tunnels under Ivy Hill in 1989. In the 1990s, a flood wall was completed on the city's west side along the four-lane bypass U.S. Route 421.

Geography
Harlan is located in west-central Harlan County at 36.84139°N, -83.32°W (36.841487, -83.320066), at the junction of the Clover Fork and Martin's Fork rivers. The Clover Fork continues north 1.5 mi to join the Poor Fork, forming the Cumberland River, a major tributary of the Ohio River. Harlan is in a narrow mountain valley, constrained to the north by the western end of Black Mountain, to the south by Little Black Mountain, and to the west by Ewing Spur. The elevation at the Harlan Courthouse is 1197 ft above sea level, while the surrounding ridges rise outside the city limits to 2100 ft (Black Mountain), 3000 ft (Little Black Mountain), and 2300 ft (Ewing Spur).

U.S. Route 421 passes through the city as four-lane highway; it leads north 34 mi to Hyden and southeast 23 mi to Pennington Gap, Virginia. The closest city with a population greater than 10,000 is Middlesboro, Kentucky, 42 mi to the southeast via U.S. Routes 119 and 25E.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city of Harlan has a total area of 3.5 km2, of which 0.08 sqkm, or 2.45%, are water.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Harlan has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,081 people, 926 households, and 550 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,187.4 PD/sqmi. There were 1,060 housing units at an average density of 604.8 per square mile (2.339/km$2$). The racial makeup of the city was 91.01% White, 7.02% Black or African American, 0.29% Native American, 0.86% Asian, and 0.82% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 0.62% of the population. There were 926 households, out of which 24.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.3% were married couples living together, 14.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.6% were non-families. 39.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.17 and the average family size was 2.91.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 21.3% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 25.1% from 45 to 64, and 19.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $17,270, and the median income for a family was $29,135. Males had a median income of $37,500 versus $20,852 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,572. About 23.8% of families and 32.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 40.0% of those under age 18 and 20.6% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Two school districts, the Harlan County Public Schools and the Harlan Independent Schools, are based in the city. The independent schools, whose district roughly coincides with the city limits of Harlan, feature Harlan Elementary, Harlan Middle, and Harlan High.

Harlan County High School, which opened in 2008 as the consolidation of the county district's three previous high schools (James A. Cawood, Evarts, and Cumberland), serves all other public high school students in the county. Harlan also features a campus of Southeast Kentucky Community and Technical College.

Harlan has a lending library, a branch of the Harlan County Public Library.

Media
The Harlan Daily Enterprise newspaper is published Monday through Saturday. Radio stations serving Harlan are WHLN (adult contemporary, 1410 AM), WFSR (gospel, 970 AM) and WTUK (country, 105.1 FM).

Some storylines of the FX Networks drama Justified take place in Harlan, although no scenes have been filmed there. The 2012–13 National Geographic series Kentucky Justice which followed the Harlan County Sheriff's Office in their daily duties was filmed in Harlan and Harlan County. Parts of the OxyContin scandal series “Dopesick” also take part in Harlan County.

Harlan was also featured in the Darrell Scott song "You'll Never Leave Harlan Alive" (later performed by Brad Paisley, Patty Loveless and in 2019 by Montgomery Gentry on the CD "Outskirts"), the Steve Earle song "Harlan Man", the Anna McGarrigle song "Goin' Back to Harlan" (notably covered by Emmylou Harris), the song "Harlan County Line" from Dave Alvin, and the Tyler Childers song “Harlan Road”.

Harlan County, USA is a documentary about the coal miners' strike against the Brookside Mine of the Eastover Mining Company in Harlan County in June 1973. Eastovers refusal to sign a contract (when the miners joined with the United Mine Workers of America) led to the strike, which lasted more than a year and included violent battles between company personnel and the picketing miners and their supportive women-folk. Director Barbara Kopple puts the strike into perspective by giving us some background on the historical plight of the miners and some history of the UMWA. It won an Oscar for Best Documentary in 1977. This is one of the reasons it is called "Bloody Harlan".

Notable people

 * Maxine Cheshire, journalist
 * Karl Spillman Forester, federal judge for the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Kentucky
 * Edwin B. Howard, Chief of Intelligence of the Allied Land Forces in Central Europe
 * Wallace Jones, NBA player
 * James E. Keller, former justice of the Kentucky Supreme Court
 * Nick Lachey, singer
 * Cawood Ledford, University of Kentucky basketball and football announcer
 * George Ella Lyon, author
 * Jordan Smith, musician and winner of Season 9 of The Voice
 * Green Wix Unthank, United States District Court judge
 * Don Whitehead, two-time Pulitzer Prize-winning reporter and author

title: Harlan, Kentucky


text:
Loyall, Kentucky

Loyall is a home rule-class city in Harlan County, Kentucky, in the United States. The population was 1,461 as of the 2010 census, up from 766 at the time of the 2000 census.

History
The community grew up around a Louisville and Nashville Railroad switching yard and maintenance facility, first constructed in 1920. The local post office (est. 1922) was originally known as "Shonn", from local slang for a rail siding. The name "Loyall" was adopted in 1932. It remains unclear if it honors a company official or some other resident.

Geography
Loyall is located in western Harlan County at 36.85194°N, -83.35278°W (36.852046, -83.352870) in the valley of the Cumberland River, near its source. It is 3 mi by road northwest of Harlan, the county seat. U.S. Route 119 bypasses the city to the north, leading northeast 23 mi to Cumberland and southwest 28 mi to its terminus in Pineville.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Loyall has a total area of 3.7 sqkm, of which 3.5 sqkm are land and 0.2 sqkm, or 6.05%, are water. The city's area has more than quadrupled since 2000, when it was reported as 0.3 sqmi, all of it land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 766 people, 339 households, and 227 families living in the city. The population density was 2,246.5 PD/sqmi. There were 368 housing units at an average density of 1,079.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 97.91% White, 0.78% Native American, 0.52% Asian, and 0.78% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.13% of the population.

There were 339 households, out of which 26.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.7% were married couples living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.0% were non-families. 31.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.82.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 20.6% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 28.7% from 25 to 44, 26.2% from 45 to 64, and 15.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $26,250, and the median income for a family was $31,607. Males had a median income of $25,893 versus $20,313 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,997. About 15.8% of families and 15.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.5% of those under age 18 and 14.3% of those age 65 or over.

title: Loyall, Kentucky


text:
Lynch, Kentucky

Lynch is a home rule-class city in Harlan County, Kentucky, United States. In the 2020 census the city population was 658, down from 747 in 2010.

History
Lynch was plotted in 1917 by the U.S. Coal and Coke Company (a subsidiary of U.S. Steel) as a company town to house workers at the company's nearby coal mines. It was named for then-head of the company, Thomas Lynch.

By the 1940s, Lynch had a population of 10,000 and had such amenities as a hospital and movie theater. The population declined dramatically in the 1960s and 1970s as mining techniques shifted to less labor-intensive methods.

In 1996, the rails to Lynch and nearby Benham were officially abandoned.

In 2012, PBS of Eastern Tennessee created a documentary titled The Eastern Kentucky Social Club dealing with the history of the black community and immigrant community in Lynch.

Geography
Lynch is located in eastern Harlan County at 36.96513°N, -82.91657°W (36.965133, -82.916569), in the valley of Looney Creek. Lynch is the nearest city to Kentucky's highest point, Black Mountain (4145 ft). Sitting at an elevation of 1716 ft above sea level.

Lynch is Kentucky's highest incorporated city. It is bordered by 3488 ft Looney Ridge to the north and 3640 ft Benham Spur to the south. The city of Benham borders the west side of Lynch, and Cumberland is 4 mi to the west via Kentucky Route 160, the main road through Lynch. KY 160 leads southeast up the valley of Looney Creek to the Virginia border on the crest of Black Mountain at an elevation of 3700 ft, then continues to Appalachia, Virginia, 16 mi southeast of Lynch.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Lynch has a total area of 0.3 sqmi, all of it land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 900 people, 408 households, and 250 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,753.1 PD/sqmi. There were 514 housing units at an average density of 1,572.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 73.33% White, 24.89% Black or African American, 0.33% Native American, and 1.44% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.33% of the population.

There were 408 households, out of which 24.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.7% were married couples living together, 16.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.5% were non-families. 36.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.6% under 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 20.4% from 25 to 44, 28.2% from 45 to 64, and 19.9% who were 65 or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $17,609, and the median income for a family was $21,625. Males had a median income of $31,500 versus $19,038 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,369. About 36.7% of families and 37.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 57.6% of those under age 18 and 25.9% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Leland Byrd, College basketball coach and player
 * Juanita M. Kreps, United States Secretary of Commerce
 * Louise Slaughter, United States politician

title: Lynch, Kentucky


text:
South Wallins, Kentucky

South Wallins is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Harlan County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 859 at the 2010 census, down from 996 at the 2000 census.

Geography
South Wallins is located in western Harlan County at 36.81639°N, -83.41139°W (36.816469, -83.411475), in the valley of Wallins Creek, a north-flowing tributary of the Cumberland River. The CDP is bordered to the north by the community of Wallins Creek. Kentucky Route 219 is the main road through the community, leading north (downstream) 1.5 mi to U.S. Route 119 at Wallins Creek and south 3.5 mi to its dead-end in Creech.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the South Wallins CDP has a total area of 16.4 sqkm, of which 0.08 sqkm, or 0.49%, are water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 996 people, 405 households, and 287 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 158.4 PD/sqmi. There were 448 housing units at an average density of 71.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.29% White, 0.20% Native American, and 2.51% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.20% of the population.

There were 405 households, out of which 33.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.3% were married couples living together, 13.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.9% were non-families. 26.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.98.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 26.1% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 27.4% from 25 to 44, 24.1% from 45 to 64, and 15.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.3 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $19,650, and the median income for a family was $23,083. Males had a median income of $30,417 versus $18,906 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $9,357. About 32.6% of families and 36.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 44.3% of those under age 18 and 15.5% of those age 65 or over.

title: South Wallins, Kentucky


text:
Wallins Creek, Kentucky

Wallins Creek is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Harlan County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 156 at the 2010 census, when it was still a city, having dropped from 257 at the 2000 census.

History
Wallins Creek began life as a coal mining town in 1925; the mine was owned by the Wallins Creek Coal Corporation. The Wallins Creek Baptist Church was established in 1855 with 30 members.

Wallins Creek is home to the Wallins Elementary School, which has been in use since the 1940s and has won several awards in sports and academics.

Geography
Wallins Creek is in western Harlan County, in the valley of the Cumberland River. U.S. Route 119 runs through the northern part of the community, leading northwest (upriver) 8 mi to Harlan, the county seat, and southwest 23 mi to Pineville.

According to the United States Census Bureau, in 2010 the city had a total area of 0.86 km2, of which 0.05 sqkm, or 5.31%, were water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 257 people, 112 households, and 73 families residing in the city. The population density was 657.8 PD/sqmi. There were 126 housing units at an average density of 322.5 /mi2. The racial makeup of the city was 97.28% White, 0.39% Native American, and 2.33% from two or more races.

There were 112 households, out of which 25.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.3% were married couples living together, 16.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.8% were non-families. 29.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.86.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.7% under the age of 18, 3.5% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 28.8% from 45 to 64, and 17.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $11,083, and the median income for a family was $16,563. Males had a median income of $17,500 versus $20,625 for females. The per capita income for the city was $8,151. About 47.6% of families and 44.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 46.9% of those under the age of eighteen and 14.6% of those 65 or over.

title: Wallins Creek, Kentucky


text:
Berry, Kentucky

Berry is a home rule-class city in Harrison County, Kentucky, in the United States. The city was formally incorporated by the state assembly in 1867 as "Berryville". It was renamed "Berry Station" two years later. The population was 264 at the 2010 census, down from 310 at the 2000 census.

Geography
Berry is located in northern Harrison County on the east bank of the South Fork of the Licking River. It is 13 mi north of Cynthiana, the Harrison County seat, and 19 mi southeast of Williamstown.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Berry has a total area of 0.66 km2, of which 2740 sqm, or 0.41%, are water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 310 people, 101 households, and 82 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,142.8 PD/sqmi. There were 124 housing units at an average density of 457.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 98.06% White, 1.29% Native American, and 0.65% from two or more races.

There were 101 households, out of which 48.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.4% were married couples living together, 14.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.8% were non-families. 16.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.07 and the average family size was 3.33.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 35.8% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 31.9% from 25 to 44, 18.7% from 45 to 64, and 6.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,417, and the median income for a family was $28,571. Males had a median income of $27,000 versus $23,250 for females. The per capita income for the city was $11,275. About 29.8% of families and 27.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 45.2% of those under age 18 and 6.1% of those age 65 or over.

title: Berry, Kentucky


text:
Cynthiana, Kentucky

Cynthiana is a home rule-class city in Harrison County, Kentucky, in the United States. The population was 6,402 at the 2010 census. It is the seat of its county.

History
The settlement developed on both sides of the South Fork of the Licking River. It was named after Cynthia and Anna Harrison, daughters of Robert Harrison, who had donated land to establish the town center. Harrison County, on the other hand, was named after Colonel Benjamin Harrison, an early settler in the area who had served as sheriff of Bourbon County.

Two Civil War battles were fought in Cynthiana. The first on July 17, 1862, was part of a cavalry raid into Kentucky (which stayed in the Union) by Confederate General John Hunt Morgan; the second, on June 11 and 12, 1864, resulted in Union defeat of Confederate forces during Morgan's last raid into the state.

On January 23, 1877, an LL chondrite meteorite fell in Cynthiana.

On March 2, 1997, the South Fork of the Licking River flooded, causing extensive damage in Cynthiana and neighboring communities.

In early March 2020, near the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, Cynthiana was reported to have the first case of the disease diagnosed in Kentucky. Four more cases soon followed, and by March 12, most businesses, schools and churches closed in an effort to prevent further spread.

Geography
Cynthiana is located in southern Harrison County. U.S. Routes 27 and 62 pass through the city, passing west of the downtown area. US 27 leads north 56 mi to Cincinnati and south 14 mi to Paris, while US 62 leads northeast 46 mi to Maysville and southwest 21 mi to Georgetown. Lexington is 31 mi to the southwest via US 27 or 29 mi via Kentucky Route 353.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 10.5 km2, of which 10.4 sqkm are land and 0.1 sqkm, or 1.09%, are water. The South Fork of the Licking River, a tributary of the Ohio River, flows south to north through the city, passing west of the downtown area.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Cynthiana has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

U.S. Highways

 * US 27.svg US 27 is known otherwise as Paris Pike (going south from Cynthiana), and Falmouth Road (going north from Cynthiana).
 * US 62.svg US 62 is known otherwise as Leesburg Rd (going west from Cynthiana), and Oddville Pike (going east from Cynthiana).

Kentucky state highways

 * Elongated circle 36.svg KY 36 is also known locally as Williamstown Road (west of Cynthiana) and Millersburg Pike (east of Cynthiana).
 * Elongated circle 32.svg KY 32 is also known locally as Connersville Pike (southwest of Cynthiana) and Millersburg Pike (east of Cynthiana). KY 32 and KY 36 merge downtown and leave Cynthiana concurrently.
 * Elongated circle 356.svg KY 356 is also known as White Oak Road.

Education
Cynthiana is served by the Harrison County School District with a total of seven public schools located within the county limits:

 * High schools:
 * Harrison County High School
 * Technical Schools
 * KY Tech Harrison Area Technology Center (ATC)
 * Middle schools:
 * Harrison County Middle School
 * Elementary schools:
 * Eastside Elementary
 * Westside Elementary
 * Northside Elementary
 * Southside Elementary

Cynthiana has one private school:
 * St. Edward School (Pre-k-5)

Maysville Community and Technical College has an extended campus located in Cynthiana
 * Maysville Community and Technical College: Licking Valley Campus

Cynthiana has a public library, the Cynthiana-Harrison Public Library.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 6,258 people, 2,692 households, and 1,639 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,873.6 PD/sqmi. There were 2,909 housing units at an average density of 870.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 92.43% White, 5.29% Black or African American, 0.16% Native American, 0.18% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.81% from other races, and 1.09% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.41% of the population.

There were 2,692 households, out of which 27.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.2% were married couples living together, 14.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.1% were non-families. 36.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.89.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.7% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 26.3% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 20.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 80.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 77.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $28,519, and the median income for a family was $34,691. Males had a median income of $27,704 versus $20,659 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,227. About 13.3% of families and 16.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.1% of those under age 18 and 11.7% of those age 65 or over.

Economy
3M established a factory in Cynthiana in 1969. Post-it notes were developed in 1972 by Arthur Fry and Spencer Silver. Until patents expired in the late 1990s, the 3M factory in Cynthiana was the only production site of Post-it notes worldwide. Today, it still accounts for nearly all of the world's production.

Newspaper
The Cynthiana Democrat, owned by Paxton Media Group, formerly by Landmark Community Newspapers. Subscription-based weekly newspaper, printed every Thursday with in-home delivery. Has been in print since 1868. Also is available at www.cynthianademocrat.com

Notable people

 * William A. Welch, civil engineer, environmentalist, and first general manager of the Palisades Interstate Park system
 * Celia Ammerman, model and star of America's Next Top Model (cycle 12)
 * William Tell Coleman, founder of the Harmony Borax Works, Death Valley, California
 * Richard Gruelle, painter and member of the Hoosier Group
 * Joe B. Hall, University of Kentucky men's basketball coach 1972–85; coached Wildcats to 1978 national championship
 * Robert Kirkman, comic book writer, co-creator of The Walking Dead
 * William McKinney, jazz drummer and bandleader
 * Tony Moore, comic book artist
 * Betty Slade, IFBB professional bodybuilder
 * Lawrence Pressman, actor
 * Anna Rankin Riggs (1835–1908), social reformer
 * Pythias Russ, baseball player in the Negro leagues
 * Walter E. Scott, namesake of Death Valley National Park's Scotty's Castle
 * Marcus A. Smith, United States Senator from Arizona
 * Chris Snopek, Major League Baseball player
 * Mac Swinford, federal judge
 * Phil Wagner, retired American professional basketball player who spent one season (1968–69) in the American Basketball Association for the Indiana Pacers
 * Justin Wells, country and roots rock musician
 * Caleb Walton West, last governor of Utah Territory

title: Cynthiana, Kentucky