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Clear Spring, Maryland

Clear Spring is a town in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The population was 358 at the 2010 census.

History
The Joseph Fiery House, Wilson School, Rufus Wilson Complex, and Plumb Grove are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.11 sqmi, all land.

The town is situated at the eastern base of Fairview Mountain. The area is underlain by Conococheague limestone. The spring after which the town is named is the only local source of ground water, from which the local run, Tom's Run, receives its volume.

Transportation
The primary means of travel to and from Clear Spring are by road. U.S. Route 40 is the main highway directly serving the town, serving as the town's main street. US 40 continues westward towards Hancock and eastward to Hagerstown. Maryland Route 68 is the other state highway serving the town. MD 68 reaches its western terminus at US 40 in Clear Spring, and heads eastward towards Williamsport. MD 68 also has an interchange with Interstate 70, the primary long-distance highway serving the region around Clear Spring, just south of the town limits. I-70 heads east to Baltimore and west to the southern suburbs of Pittsburgh.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 358 people, 157 households, and 88 families living in the town. The population density was 3254.5 PD/sqmi. There were 189 housing units at an average density of 1718.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.3% White, 0.3% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.3% Asian, and 0.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.6% of the population.

There were 157 households, of which 30.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.4% were married couples living together, 16.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.9% were non-families. 37.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.28 and the average family size was 3.02.

The median age in the town was 42.3 years. 19.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.9% were from 25 to 44; 27.9% were from 45 to 64; and 15.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 48.0% male and 52.0% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 455 people, 195 households, and 124 families living in the town. The population density was 4,214.2 PD/sqmi. There were 210 housing units at an average density of 1,945.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.02% White, 0.88% Asian, and 1.10% from two or more races.

There were 195 households, out of which 32.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.6% were married couples living together, 14.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.4% were non-families. 28.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.85.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.7% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 32.3% from 25 to 44, 18.7% from 45 to 64, and 14.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.0 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $38,056, and the median income for a family was $38,750. Males had a median income of $32,411 versus $24,688 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,774. About 9.1% of families and 12.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.4% of those under age 18 and 1.4% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Clear Spring is the home of Clear Spring High School with a student population of 415, which hosts the home field of the Blazers. Clear Spring High School houses Washington County Public Schools' Academy of Agricultural and Environmental Science, a program available to any student enrolled in Washington County Public Schools regardless of their home district.

title: Clear Spring, Maryland


text:
Fort Ritchie, Maryland

Fort Ritchie is a census-designated place (CDP) in Washington County, Maryland, United States, just south of the Pennsylvania state line. The population was 276 at the 2000 census. Fort Ritchie is a former U.S. military base that closed in September 1998, pursuant to the 1995 Base Realignment and Closure Commission. Blue Ridge Summit, Pennsylvania is immediately to the north.

History
Fort Ritchie was originally established as a training site for the Maryland National Guard. It was acquired as a US Army installation during World War II. During the war it was used as a training site for interrogators and psychological warfare experts, known as the Ritchie Boys. After the war, it was used as a communications center by the Army supporting the Military District of Washington and by the Air Force in support of the nearby Raven Rock Mountain Complex Alternate National Military Command Center (ANMCC). The post was closed in September 1998.

Since then there has been no comprehensive redevelopment plan for the facility. The last residents of former military housing on the site were evicted in June 2017. As of April 2021, the Washington County Board of Commissioners negotiated a sale to private investor John Krumpotich. As of July, 2021, Krumpotich is actively working on the rehabilitation of the existing buildings on the former post, and have found great success in restoring former military housing.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.0 sqmi, of which 1.0 sqmi is land and 0.04 sqmi (3.00%) is water.

The geography of Ritchie, and more broadly Cascade, Maryland played an extensive role in the settlement of the area. The elevation of nearly 1,400 ft in a "high valley" surrounded by elevations surpassing 2,000 ft at Fort Ritchie allowed for the Buena Vista Ice Company to successfully create and sell naturally cut ice to larger cities such as Baltimore and Washington, D.C. in the late 1800s until 1903. Buena Vista was the southernmost ice company in the United States. It was the original infrastructure of Buena Vista which ultimately influenced the Maryland National Guard to approve the site for its use.

Many bordering communities, such as Smithsburg, MD and Waynesboro, PA only boast elevations between 700–800 ft in juxtaposition of Quirauk Mountain where its highest elevation caps a 2,145 ft and is the highest point of South Mountain. As a result of this extreme elevation, Cascade Elementary students have their own inclement weather zone which allows for either a delay, early dismissal, or day off of school depending upon the severity of winter weather whereas other Washington County Public School students may not have delays or cancellations. It is not uncommon for the Cascade area and Fort Ritchie to receive twice as much snow as other nearby communities. It is also notorious for ice storms which make travel exceedingly dangerous during winter storms.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 276 people, 83 households, and 73 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 281.8 PD/sqmi. There were 335 housing units at an average density of 342.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 67.39% White, 17.75% African American, 1.45% Native American, 1.81% Asian, 4.71% from other races, and 6.88% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.16% of the population.

There were 83 households, out of which 75.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.1% were married couples living together, 18.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 12.0% were non-families. 4.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and none had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.33 and the average family size was 3.42.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 42.4% under the age of 18, 12.7% from 18 to 24, 41.3% from 25 to 44, 3.6% from 45 to 64,. The median age was 24 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.5 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $30,625, and the median income for a family was $29,375. Males had a median income of $27,656 versus $16,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $10,549. None of the population or families were below the poverty line.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Fort Ritchie, Maryland


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Fountainhead-Orchard Hills, Maryland

Fountainhead-Orchard Hills is a census-designated place (CDP) in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The population was 3,861 at the 2000 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 3.8 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
At the 2000 census there were 3,844 people, 1,546 households, and 1,119 families living in the CDP. The population density was 1,007.3 PD/sqmi. There were 1,621 housing units at an average density of 424.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 94.35% White, 2.29% African American, 0.10% Native American, 1.90% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.31% from other races, and 1.01% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.59%.

Of the 1,546 households 27.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.8% were married couples living together, 6.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.6% were non-families. 23.9% of households were one person and 14.9% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.81.

The age distribution was 21.6% under the age of 18, 4.6% from 18 to 24, 22.8% from 25 to 44, 27.3% from 45 to 64, and 23.7% 65 or older. The median age was 46 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.0 males.

The median household income was $49,648 and the median family income was $60,840. Males had a median income of $38,636 versus $26,905 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $27,552. About 1.7% of families and 3.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.5% of those under age 18 and 2.7% of those age 65 or over.

title: Fountainhead-Orchard Hills, Maryland


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Funkstown, Maryland

Funkstown is a town in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The population was 904 at the 2010 census.

History
Originally 88 acre were sold to Henry Funk by Frederick Calvert, 6th Baron Baltimore in 1754 and settled as Jerusalem.

The Civil War Battle of Funkstown took place July 10, 1863, during the Gettysburg Campaign as Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia retreated toward Virginia in the week following the Battle of Gettysburg. Union forces of the Army of the Potomac attacked the rear guard of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia during its retreat from Pennsylvania following the Battle of Gettysburg.

A strong Confederate presence at Funkstown threatened any Union advance against Gen. Robert E. Lee's position near Williamsport and the Potomac River as he retreated to Virginia after the Battle of Gettysburg. Maj. Gen. J.E.B. Stuart's cavalry, posted at Funkstown, posed a serious risk to the Federal right and rear if the Union army lunged west from Boonsboro. Stuart, meanwhile, determined to wage a spirited defense to ensure Lee time to complete fortifications protecting his army and his avenue of retreat.

As Brig. Gen. John Buford's Federal cavalry division cautiously approached Funkstown via the National Road on Friday morning July 10, 1863, it encountered Stuart's crescent-shaped, three-mile-long battle line. It was Stuart's first defensive battle since reentering Maryland. The high ground constituted Stuart's extreme right, held by Preston Chew's horse artillery. A nearby stone barn and barnyard wall proved a superb defensive position for the 34th Virginia Battalion's dismounted cavalry. Col. Thomas C. Devin's dismounted Union cavalry brigade attacked about 8:00 a.m. By mid-afternoon, with Buford's cavalrymen running low on ammunition and gaining little ground, Col. Lewis A. Grant's First Vermont Brigade of infantry arrived and jabbed at the Confederate center less than one mile away. Unbeknownst to the Vermonters, Gen. George T. Anderson's Confederate brigade now faced them, the first time opposing infantry had clashed since the Battle of Gettysburg.

By early evening, the Union Army began withdrawing south towards Beaver Creek. Stuart had kept the Federals at bay for yet another day. The day-long battle east of the road resulted in 479 casualties. The Chaney house served as a hospital. At the Keller home, Confederate Major Henry D. McDaniel, later the governor of Georgia, survived his wounds. The house at 16 W. Cemetery St. remained a church until it burned down a second time, finally being rebuilt into the existing house in 1913.

The Funkstown Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

As of 2017 the town park is listed as 77.04 acres and the town area, less the park, is 208.77 acres for a grand total of 285.81 acres.

Geography
Funkstown is located on Antietam Creek, south of Hagerstown.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.36 sqmi, all land. Antietam Creek flows to the south within the city limits.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Funkstown has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

Transportation
The main means of transport to and from Funkstown are by road. U.S. Route 40 Alternate is the only significant highway serving Funkstown directly. US 40 Alt follows Frederick Road, Baltimore Street and Westside Street as it traverses the town. To the west, US 40 Alt ends in Hagerstown, while heading east, it passes through Boonsboro on its way to Frederick. Interstate 70 passes just south of the town limits, but the closest interchanges are at U.S. Route 40 and Maryland Route 65, both over a mile distant.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 904 people, 417 households, and 226 families living in the town. The population density was 2511.1 PD/sqmi. There were 460 housing units at an average density of 1277.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 96.8% White, 1.2% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.6% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.2% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.4% of the population.

There were 417 households, of which 22.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.6% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 45.8% were non-families. 37.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.13 and the average family size was 2.76.

The median age in the town was 46.2 years. 17.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.6% were from 25 to 44; 35.3% were from 45 to 64; and 16.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 49.2% male and 50.8% female.

title: Funkstown, Maryland


text:
Wiederkehr Village, Arkansas

Wiederkehr Village is a city in Franklin County, Arkansas, United States. It is part of the Fort Smith, Arkansas-Oklahoma Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 38 at the 2010 census. It is named after Swiss winemaker Johann Andreas Wiederkehr, who immigrated to the area in 1880.

Geography
Wiederkehr Village is located in eastern Franklin County, north of Altus and 4 mi east of Ozark.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 10.4 km2, of which 10.3 km2 is land and 0.1 km2, or 1.15%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 46 people, 24 households, and 13 families residing in the city. The population density was 11.3 /mi2. There were 27 housing units at an average density of 6.6 /mi2. The racial makeup of the city was 95.65% White, 2.17% Native American and 2.17% Asian.

There were 24 households, out of which 16.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.7% were married couples living together, 4.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.8% were non-families. 37.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 29.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.92 and the average family size was 2.54.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 15.2% under the age of 18, 19.6% from 18 to 24, 17.4% from 25 to 44, 26.1% from 45 to 64, and 21.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 155.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 143.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $33,750, and the median income for a family was $43,125. Males had a median income of $28,750 versus $13,750 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,718. There were 15.4% of families and 23.7% of the population living below the poverty line, including 71.4% of under eighteens and none of those over 64.

title: Wiederkehr Village, Arkansas


text:
Halfway, Maryland

Halfway is a census-designated place (CDP) in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The population was 11,896 at the 2020 census. It is named due to its location, which is Halfway Between Hagerstown and Williamsport. As a major suburb of Halfway is part of the Hagerstown-Martinsburg, MD-WV, Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 4.7 sqmi, all land.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 10,065 people, 4,275 households, and 2,851 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 2,147.6 PD/sqmi. There were 4,424 housing units at an average density of 944.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 95.47% White, 2.13% African American, 0.09% Native American, 0.97% Asian, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 0.24% from other races, and 0.98% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.09% of the population.

There were 4,275 households, out of which 26.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.2% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.3% were non-families. 29.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.85.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 22.2% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 26.5% from 25 to 44, 23.5% from 45 to 64, and 21.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.6 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $41,892, and the median income for a family was $51,143. Males had a median income of $36,847 versus $26,008 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $21,518. About 4.3% of families and 5.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.7% of those under age 18 and 5.0% of those age 65 or over.

title: Halfway, Maryland


text:
Hancock, Maryland

Hancock is a town in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The population was 1,557 at the 2020 census. The Western Maryland community is notable for being located at the narrowest part of the state. The north–south distance from the Pennsylvania state line to the West Virginia state line is only 1.8 miles (2.9 km) at Hancock.

History
Prior to the current name, the settlement was named "William's Town" for William McClary. The name Hancock comes from Edward Joseph Hancock, Jr. (July 21, 1758-September 2, 1834), who fought alongside George Washington during the American Revolutionary War. Individuals began settling in the area of modern-day Hancock during the 1730s. During the Civil War, on January 5, 1862, General Stonewall Jackson began the siege of the town, but did not succeed due to weather conditions.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 2.75 sqmi, of which 2.73 sqmi is land and 0.02 sqmi is water.

The state of Maryland narrows to a width of less than two miles (3 km) in the Hancock area—the smallest non-vertex border-to-border distance of any U.S. state.

The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal passes through the town, and the Western Maryland Rail Trail connects Hancock with Fort Frederick State Park.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Hancock has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

Transportation
The primary means of travel to and from Hancock is by road. Interstate 70 is the main highway serving the town. I-70 continues east to Baltimore and west to the southern suburbs of Pittsburgh. U.S. Route 40 runs concurrently with I-70 through the town, but just to the northwest, splits with I-70 to follow Interstate 68 westward towards Cumberland. U.S. Route 522 also traverses Hancock, heading northwest with I-70 into Pennsylvania and southward into eastern West Virginia towards Winchester, Virginia. Within the town, Maryland Route 144 serves as a local service route, following Main Street.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,545 people, 694 households, and 407 families living in the town. The population density was 565.9 PD/sqmi. There were 821 housing units at an average density of 300.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.7% White, 0.4% African American, 0.5% Native American, 0.4% Asian, and 1.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.5% of the population.

There were 694 households, of which 28.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.6% were married couples living together, 15.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 41.4% were non-families. 36.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.86.

The median age in the town was 40.7 years. 22.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.5% were from 25 to 44; 27.6% were from 45 to 64; and 17.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 47.7% male and 52.3% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,725 people, 735 households, and 462 families living in the town. The population density was 637.8 PD/sqmi. There were 803 housing units at an average density of 296.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.26% White, 0.35% African American, 0.35% Native American, 0.06% Asian, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 0.12% from other races, and 0.75% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.46% of the population.

There were 735 households, out of which 27.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.8% were married couples living together, 16.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.1% were non-families. 31.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.86.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.5% under the age of 18, 9.5% from 18 to 24, 28.2% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 15.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $28,750, and the median income for a family was $32,538. Males had a median income of $25,353 versus $20,304 for females. The per capita income for the town was $13,758. About 11.6% of families and 16.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.7% of those under age 18 and 13.7% of those age 65 or over.

Government
The town government consists of five elected officials: a Mayor and four members of the Town Council. Council members are elected to four-year terms, while the Mayor is elected to a two-year term. Hancock is one of the smallest municipalities in the state of Maryland. The current mayor is Roland E. Lanehart, Jr.

Notable people

 * Robert W. Brady – a Jesuit educator and president of the College of the Holy Cross and Boston College
 * Ike Powers – a professional baseball player who played two seasons for the Philadelphia Athletics
 * Charles H. Rowland – a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania
 * Richard K. Sutherland – U.S. Army Lieutenant general, who served as General Douglas MacArthur's Chief of Staff during World War II
 * William Dorsey Swann – first U.S. drag artist and the first American on record who pursued legal and political action to defend the LGBTQ community's right to assemble

title: Hancock, Maryland


text:
Highfield-Cascade, Maryland

Highfield-Cascade is a census-designated place (CDP) in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The CDP is, however, more commonly referred to as just Cascade, MD. The official CDP name encompasses two closely-spaced unincorporated communities, Highfield and Cascade. The population of the CDP was 1,141 at the 2000 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.7 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
At the 2000 census there were 1,141 people, 440 households, and 315 families living in the CDP. The population density was 669.9 PD/sqmi. There were 479 housing units at an average density of 281.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 69.42% White, 28.18% African American, 0.44% Native American, 0.18% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, and 0.70% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.61%.

Of the 440 households 34.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.8% were married couples living together, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.2% were non-families. 24.1% of households were one person and 9.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the average family size was 3.07.

The age distribution was 26.9% under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 33.7% from 25 to 44, 21.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.7% 65 or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.0 males.

The median household income was $35,833 and the median family income was $53,036. Males had a median income of $32,813 versus $26,106 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $18,969. About 5.2% of families and 5.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.1% of those under age 18 and 14.6% of those age 65 or over.

title: Highfield-Cascade, Maryland


text:
Keedysville, Maryland

Keedysville is a town in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The population was 1,152 at the 2010 census.

History
The first documented house in Keedysville was built in 1738. The description for George Gordon's "Gordon's Purchase " land tract notes "...one log house, 12 x 15 feet..." The initial warrant for the tract had been issued to Owen McDonald in Jan. 1738, the year before Gordon acquired it. Gordon's Purchase was the first tract taken up by a Euromerican within what would eventually become Keedysville. The main road at that time was the Conococheague Road, which branched from the Great Wagon Road just east of Keedysville and led to the farthest reaches of the provence, passing through what would eventually be Keedysville. The house and its exact location are unknown but the starting point for Gordon's Purchase was on today's Bell Lane. As more settlers moved into the region a grist mill was built on Little Antietam Creek about 1765 to serve the earliest farmers who were mostly German and Swiss immigrants who'd migrated from Pennsylvania. This mill was bought by Jacob Hess in 1770. Hess owned the mill and most of what would become the town until his death in 1815. During this period the budding community became known as "Hess's Mill." In the years immediately following Jacob Hess's death the Sharpsburg to Boonsboro Turnpike was constructed (about 1820), which became Keedysville's main street. Due to its location exactly half-way between Boonsboro and Sharpsburg the town became known as Centerville. The town's name officially became Keedysville when the first post office was established due to the existence of another Centerville, Maryland in Queen Anne's County. In the mid-1860s the B&O Railroad began acquiring a right-of-way and by the early 1870s a branch line extended from Weverton to Hagerstown with a busy Keedysville depot as the mid-way point. The railroad brought a much needed prosperity following the dark days of the civil war. In 1872 Keedysville was officially chartered as a municipality. Keedysville was home to numerous businesses through the first half of the 1900s but the commercial nature of the town had begun to decline by the century's second decade. Like most small towns, the advent of the automobile and mechanization brought a gradual change as larger stores and factories became easily accessible and previously plentiful manual labor jobs decreased. Keedysville remained almost unchanged otherwise for much of the 20th century, retaining its small-town appeal. By the beginning of the 21st century that small-town feel became increasingly attractive. Several additions to the town were planned by the turn of the century and the population which had previously hovered around 400 for many years, suddenly swelled to more than double that number in a single decade. Keedysville has a long and storied past, but even at twice its size, it retains that small-town flavor.

An alternate, popular history credits Jacob Hess as the first settler, who then builds a mill forming the nucleus for the town. As shown above, settlement began in the 1730s. Jacob Hess did not arrive in the area until approximately 1760 with the Christian Orndorff family. He is noted at that time as "a German youth." This narrative, claiming construction of the mill complex in 1768 may stem from Hess' first land tract "Hess' Discovery," patented that year. The mill however was on the tract Gordon's Purchase, not Hess' Discovery. Hess was, however, a prosperous businessman and community leader. As such, he remains integral to the establishment of the town.

Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Bridge, Antietam Creek, Baker Farm, Doub Farm, Geeting Farm, Hills, Dales and The Vinyard, Hitt's Mill and Houses, Hoffman Farm, Keedysville Historic District, and Nicodemus Mill Complex are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.92 sqmi, all land.

Keedysville is underlain by the Tomstown Dolomite, a carbonic rock formation of the Cambrian. The Tomstown is known for producing most of the caves in Washington County, especially in the area surrounding Keedysville. The area was once home to eight different caves, several of which were discovered during quarrying operations to remove rock for highway construction. The most famous of these caves, Crystal Grottoes, was discovered in 1920 and is now the only show-cave in Maryland.

The high concentration of caves in this area may be related to increased drainage of groundwater. The water table in this locality is drained by the Little Antietam Creek and its tributaries, and many of these caves can be found in the cliffs and along the broken plateau east of town.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Keedysville has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

Transportation
The primary means of travel to and from Keedysville is by road. The only significant highway serving the town is Maryland Route 34, which connects eastward to Boonsboro and westward to Sharpsburg. One additional state highway, Maryland Route 845, also traverses the town, following the old route of MD 34 along Main Street.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,152 people, 391 households, and 319 families living in the town. The population density was 1252.2 PD/sqmi. There were 407 housing units at an average density of 442.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 94.5% White, 3.5% African American, 0.2% Asian, 0.8% from other races, and 1.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.9% of the population.

There were 391 households, of which 41.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.4% were married couples living together, 7.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 18.4% were non-families. 14.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.95 and the average family size was 3.24.

The median age in the town was 37.2 years. 28.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 28.2% were from 25 to 44; 28.4% were from 45 to 64; and 8.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 50.8% male and 49.2% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 482 people, 172 households, and 131 families living in the town. The population density was 565.7 PD/sqmi. There were 188 housing units at an average density of 220.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.96% White, 0.21% African American, 0.21% Asian, and 0.62% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.24% of the population.

There were 172 households, out of which 41.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.2% were married couples living together, 5.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.3% were non-families. 20.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.80 and the average family size was 3.27.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 28.6% under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 31.1% from 25 to 44, 25.5% from 45 to 64, and 8.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.3 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $53,250, and the median income for a family was $61,607. Males had a median income of $43,438 versus $30,938 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,911. None of the families and 1.3% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 8.8% of those over 64.

title: Keedysville, Maryland


text:
Leitersburg, Maryland

Leitersburg is a census-designated place (CDP) in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The population was 523 at the 2000 census.

History
Bell-Varner House, Huckleberry Hall, and Leitersburg Historic District are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.8 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
At the 2000 census there were 523 people, 218 households, and 163 families living in the CDP. The population density was 297.3 PD/sqmi. There were 226 housing units at an average density of 128.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.13% White, 0.96% African American, 0.19% Asian, 1.34% from other races, and 0.38% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.72%.

Of the 218 households 27.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.8% were married couples living together, 5.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.8% were non-families. 21.1% of households were one person and 8.7% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.70.

The age distribution was 20.5% under the age of 18, 5.4% from 18 to 24, 28.7% from 25 to 44, 28.1% from 45 to 64, and 17.4% 65 or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.0 males.

The median household income was $44,135 and the median family income was $43,929. Males had a median income of $30,735 versus $19,800 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $22,662. None of the families and 5.8% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 9.6% of those over 64.

title: Leitersburg, Maryland


text:
Maugansville, Maryland

Maugansville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The population was 2,295 at the 2000 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.2 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
At the 2000 census there were 2,295 people, 912 households, and 667 families living in the CDP. The population density was 1,049.8 PD/sqmi. There were 941 housing units at an average density of 430.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.34% White, 0.52% African American, 0.22% Native American, 0.74% Asian, 0.39% from other races, and 0.78% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.05%.

Of the 912 households 31.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.2% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.8% were non-families. 24.1% of households were one person and 11.3% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.93.

The age distribution was 23.9% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 24.5% from 45 to 64, and 16.4% 65 or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.1 males.

The median household income was $45,391 and the median family income was $51,875. Males had a median income of $34,286 versus $24,329 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $20,907. About 2.9% of families and 6.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.4% of those under age 18 and 13.5% of those age 65 or over.

title: Maugansville, Maryland


text:
Mount Aetna, Maryland

Mount Aetna is a census-designated place (CDP) in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The population was 838 at the 2000 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 3.9 sqmi, all land.

The community is situated at the western base of South Mountain at elevations between 500 and 700 feet; the landscape here is principally underlain by the Tomstown Dolomite, and the neighboring area is home to at least four known solutional caves, one of which—Mount Aetna Cave—was open briefly for commercial tours in the 1930s. This region is drained by Mount Aetna Creek, which has at least three headwaters in the neighboring mountain, and is a tributary of Beaver Creek.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 838 people, 286 households, and 233 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 215.5 PD/sqmi. There were 292 housing units at an average density of 75.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 95.94% White, 1.07% African American, 0.36% Native American, 1.55% Asian, 0.84% from other races, and 0.24% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.39% of the population.

There were 286 households, out of which 35.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 73.4% were married couples living together, 4.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.5% were non-families. 12.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.88 and the average family size was 3.13.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 27.7% under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 30.0% from 25 to 44, 27.7% from 45 to 64, and 8.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.5 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $48,523, and the median income for a family was $52,344. Males had a median income of $40,750 versus $31,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $21,435. About 3.0% of families and 4.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under the age of eighteen or sixty-five or over.

Community
The area is traditionally defined as lying along the road of the same name, between MD Route 66 and Crystal Falls Road. Mount Aetna is home to a Seventh-day Adventist community; a Seventh-day Adventist private elementary/middle school, Mt. Aetna Adventist School; as well as the Seventh-day Adventist private high school, Highland View Academy, founded in 1949. There is also a volunteer fire company, as well as the SDA-run Mt. Aetna Retreat Center. There was once a small convenience market, but now the only food store in the community is located on the academy grounds. This store sells books, vegetarian meat substitutes, and Big Texas rolls, which are loved by the chunky students.

title: Mount Aetna, Maryland


text:
Mount Lena, Maryland

Mount Lena is a census-designated place (CDP) in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The population was 547 at the 2020 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.2 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 501 people, 199 households, and 154 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 403.0 PD/sqmi. There were 212 housing units at an average density of 170.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.80% White, 0.60% African American, 0.40% Native American and 0.20% Asian. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.20% of the population.

There were 199 households, out of which 26.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.8% were married couples living together, 6.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.6% were non-families. 19.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 2.84.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 19.6% under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 29.7% from 25 to 44, 26.3% from 45 to 64, and 18.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.5 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $41,932, and the median income for a family was $43,125. Males had a median income of $32,344 versus $26,477 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $20,844. None of the families and 1.9% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 12.0% of those over 64.

title: Mount Lena, Maryland


text:
Paramount-Long Meadow, Maryland

Paramount-Long Meadow is a census-designated place (CDP) in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The population was 2,722 at the 2000 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.8 sqmi, all land.

History
The region of Washington County Maryland known today as Long Meadow was originally a large mostly level area covering close to twenty square-miles of agriculturally desirable land west of Antietam Creek. One of the earliest transportation routes through the colony passed near this region, crossing the upper branches of Antietam Creek before turning southwest. This was a route preferred by many of the early German and Swiss immigrant settlers to the Hagerstown area from central Pennsylvania. The name Long Meadow derives from a land grant issued to Thomas Cresap (Sr.) in 1739. Cresap's Long Meadow property would be transferred to investor Daniel Dulaney of Annapolis in 1746 and enlarged from 550 acres to 2131 acres. "Long Meadow" and the region surrounding it would remain mostly agricultural until the mid-20th century. In 1958 the name was revived with the opening of the region's first purpose-built shopping area, "Long Meadow Shopping Center" between Northern Avenue and Potomac Avenue / Leitersburg Pike.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,722 people, 985 households, and 778 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 980.5 PD/sqmi. There were 1,010 housing units at an average density of 363.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 93.64% White, 2.46% African American, 0.18% Native American, 2.42% Asian, 0.55% from other races, and 0.73% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.84% of the population.

There were 985 households, out of which 32.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.4% were married couples living together, 7.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.0% were non-families. 18.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 23.2% under the age of 18, 5.3% from 18 to 24, 21.1% from 25 to 44, 28.7% from 45 to 64, and 21.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.8 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $71,591, and the median income for a family was $82,072. Males had a median income of $58,015 versus $27,500 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $29,309. About 2.1% of families and 1.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under age 18 and 4.2% of those age 65 or over.

title: Paramount-Long Meadow, Maryland


text:
Robinwood, Maryland

Robinwood is a census-designated place (CDP) in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The population was 4,731 at the 2000 census. It is a part of the Hagerstown Metropolitan Area. Robinwood is home to Hagerstown Community College.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 3.8 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,731 people, 1,918 households, and 1,294 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,254.2 PD/sqmi. There were 1,985 housing units at an average density of 526.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 87.93% White, 6.34% African American, 0.19% Native American, 2.64% Asian, 0.19% Pacific Islander, 0.99% from other races, and 1.71% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.22% of the population.

There were 1,918 households, out of which 32.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.6% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.5% were non-families. 25.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.97.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 25.0% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 29.8% from 25 to 44, 24.0% from 45 to 64, and 12.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.6 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $50,615, and the median income for a family was $62,965. Males had a median income of $38,000 versus $30,404 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $26,608. About 2.6% of families and 6.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.4% of those under age 18 and 14.8% of those age 65 or over.

title: Robinwood, Maryland


text:
Rohrersville, Maryland

Rohrersville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The population was 175 at the 2010 census.

History
The first settlers to arrive in the vicinity of Rohrersville began to survey land tracts in the 1730s. "Park Hall," a tract of 1,550 acres, encompassing the present village of Rohrersville, was patented in 1732 by William Parks, and resurveyed in 1766 to Alexander Grimm.

In 1747, Frederick Rohrer, a Mennonite from Germany, arrived in Philadelphia with his two oldest sons Samuel and Martin and the rest of his family. Frederick purchased property just east of Hagerstown from his brother Jacob, who had emigrated some years earlier. Their property was where Trovinger's Mill is now located. In 1763, Frederick's son Samuel bought three large tracts of land just north of Rohrersville at the same time John Rohrer of Lampeter, PA (perhaps a cousin?) bought the adjacent property, known as Piney Hills or Pennyhill. These properties are roughly bounded by Rohrersville Road (Rt. 67), Marble Quarry Road, Millbrook Road and Elk Ridge.

By the mid 1790s, most of Samuel's children had left the area, but two of his sons, John and Frederick, remained, as did Capt. John M. Rohrer, grandson of the John Rohrer who had purchased Piney Hills. Samuel's son Frederick ended up owning most of his father's original property plus Piney Hills, and he named the combined properties Pleasant Valley. Frederick in turn had several sons, two of whom, Daniel and Samuel, are credited with starting a grist mill in the early 1800s that led to the formation of the village of Rohrersville. The name Rohrersville first appears in 1836.

By the 1860s, Rohrersville had grown into a bustling commercial center for the surrounding farms of Pleasant Valley. A map of 1859 shows the growing number of businesses and residences in the town. In addition to the grist mill, the town also had a thriving marble industry, and a quarry was situated nearby to serve the business of William McCoy, who founded the town's most widely known institution, the Rohrersville Cornet Band, in 1837. By 1867, Rohrersville was served by the Washington County Branch of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The rail line was started at Weverton, located at the southern end of Pleasant Valley, shortly after the Civil War, and ran through Pleasant Valley northwest to Hagerstown, where it connected to the other rail lines that converged there. The arrival of the railroad heralded a second era of prosperity for Rohrersville and many of the buildings in the village, displaying a variety of Victorian architectural styles, date to this period.

The first church in Rohrersville, a log structure open to the use of several congregations, was built in 1842 on the site of the present town cemetery. The cornerstone for the present Bethel United Methodist Church (Formerly Bethel United Brethren Church) was laid on July 24, 1871. This is the oldest house of worship standing in Rohrersville today. The former St. Mark's Lutheran Church, a brick structure built in Gothic Revival Style, was built in 1879. A second United Brethren Church was erected in the village in 1888, just down the street from Bethel Church. This congregation ceased operation in 2009 and the building has since been used by the Church of the Savior congregation. The village also had an Elementary School that operated in at least four different buildings before closing in 1978. This building is today used by the Rohrersville Ruritan Club, a community service organization, which was formed in 1952.

Kefauver Place was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 0.8 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 170 people, 61 households, and 48 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 204.0 PD/sqmi. There were 64 housing units at an average density of 76.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 100.00% White.

There were 61 households, out of which 29.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.2% were married couples living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.7% were non-families. 11.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.79 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 24.1% under the age of 18, 8.2% from 18 to 24, 28.2% from 25 to 44, 26.5% from 45 to 64, and 12.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.6 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $61,607, and the median income for a family was $61,250. Males had a median income of $46,354 versus $26,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $13,323. None of the families and 8.8% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 54.5% of those over 64.

title: Rohrersville, Maryland


text:
San Mar, Maryland

San Mar is a census-designated place (CDP) in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The population was 515 at the 2000 census.

History
Mannheim was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Geography
San Mar is located at 39.55167°N, -77.64611°W (39.551764, −77.646241).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.3 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 515 people, 167 households, and 108 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 394.2 PD/sqmi. There were 178 housing units at an average density of 136.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.83% White, 0.58% African American, 0.19% Native American, 0.19% Asian, and 0.19% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.19% of the population.

There were 167 households, out of which 21.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.9% were married couples living together, 1.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.3% were non-families. 28.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 22.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.92.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 17.1% under the age of 18, 4.5% from 18 to 24, 17.5% from 25 to 44, 19.6% from 45 to 64, and 41.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 54 years. For every 100 females, there were 66.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 63.0 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $60,132, and the median income for a family was $60,893. Males had a median income of $49,038 versus $22,171 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $18,581. None of the families and 2.0% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and none of those over 64.

title: San Mar, Maryland


text:
Sharpsburg, Maryland

Sharpsburg is a town in Washington County, Maryland. The town is approximately 13 mi south of Hagerstown. Its population was 560 at the 2020 census.

During the American Civil War, the Battle of Antietam, referred to as the Battle of Sharpsburg by the South, was fought on what is now Antietam National Battlefield, in the vicinity of Antietam Creek.

History
The first American of European descent to own land in what would eventually become Sharpsburg was the one-time indian trader Edmund Cartledge. By the time Cartledge surveyed his "Hickory Tavern " land tract in 1737, the Great Philadelphia Wagon Road was already well established over the path that would become Sharpsburg's main street. Hickory Tavern is noted in the patent as between the wagon road and Garrison Spring, today's Big Spring. Thousands of immigrants used this route of the wagon road traveling from Pennsylvania as far south as the Carolinas.

On May 1, 1755, the road was used by Major general Edward Braddock, colonial governor Horatio Sharpe and several of Braddock's staff officers to reach Winchester, Virginia, while his 48th regiment took a longer route via today's Williamsport, Maryland. Among the officers accompanying Braddock that day was a young Virginia militia officer named George Washington.

At the end of the French and Indian War in 1763, Joseph Chapline founded a town, naming it in honor of his friend Horatio Sharpe, the Proprietary Governor of the Province of Maryland. Its original settlers were mostly of German or Swiss origin reaching the area from Pennsylvania via the great wagon road. They were a major force in leading to an increase in wheat production from the original agricultural dependence on tobacco.

Located east of the Potomac River, Sharpsburg attracted industry in the early 19th century, especially after the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal was extended to Sharpsburg in 1836. The town was incorporated in 1832.

Sharpsburg gained national recognition during the American Civil War, when Confederate General Robert E. Lee invaded Maryland with his Army of Northern Virginia in the summer of 1862 and was intercepted near the town by Union General George B. McClellan with the Army of the Potomac. The rival armies met on September 17, in the Battle of Antietam (also called the Battle of Sharpsburg). It would be the bloodiest single day in all American military annals, with a total of nearly 23,000 casualties to both sides. A few days earlier, the multi-sited Battle of South Mountain occurred at the three low-lying passes in South Mountain—Crampton's Gap, Turner's Gap, and Fox's Gap—where Lee's forces attempted to hold back the advancing Union regiments moving westward especially along the important National Road (now U.S. Route 40 Alternate) which is now a part of South Mountain State Battlefield Park.

The drawn battle is considered a turning point of the war, since it kept the Confederacy from winning a needed victory on Northern soil, which might have gained it European recognition. Lee's retreat gave Abraham Lincoln the opportunity he needed to issue his Emancipation Proclamation, declaring all slaves residing in rebelling Confederate territory against the federal government, to be "forever free". This act made it even more unlikely that Europe would grant diplomatic recognition to the South.

Sharpsburg claims its Memorial Day commemoration as one of the first in the U.S., having their 147th consecutive celebration in 2014.

The town core was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2008 as the Sharpsburg Historic District. Also listed are the Antietam National Battlefield, William Chapline House, Good-Reilly House, William Hagerman Farmstead, Joseph C. Hays House, Jacob Highbarger House, Mount Airy, Piper House, Tolson's Chapel, Wilson-Miller Farm, and Woburn Manor.

The Antietam National Battlefield is an important source of local tourism and activities.

Town Council
Elected by voters to four-year terms:
 * Russ Weaver, Mayor (2020)
 * Jacob Martz, Vice Mayor (2020)
 * Ed Beeler
 * Robbie Waters
 * John Hammond
 * Mia Parsons
 * Joseph Kudla

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.23 sqmi, all land.

Transportation
The primary means of travel to and from Sharpsburg is by road. The two main highways serving the town are Maryland Route 34, which follows Main Street, and Maryland Route 65, which ends at the intersection of Main Street and Church Street. MD 34 extends eastward to Boonsboro and continues westward to the Potomac River, where it crosses into Shepherdstown, West Virginia, as West Virginia Route 480. MD 65 proceeds northward to a junction with Interstate 70 and then continues to its terminus in Hagerstown.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 705 people, 285 households, and 192 families living in the town. The population density was 3065.2 PD/sqmi. There were 325 housing units at an average density of 1413.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 95.7% White, 0.4% African American, 0.1% Native American, and 3.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.1% of the population.

There were 285 households, of which 28.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.7% were married couples living together, 13.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 32.6% were non-families. 25.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.92.

The median age in the town was 42.8 years. 20.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.4% were from 25 to 44; 33.2% were from 45 to 64; and 12.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 50.9% male and 49.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 691 people, 286 households, and 193 families living in the town. The population density was 3,119.1 PD/sqmi. There were 304 housing units at an average density of 1,372.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.8% White, 0.4% African American, 0.6% Asian, 0.3% Hispanic or Latino, and 1.2% from two or more races.

There were 286 households, out of which 26.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.2% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.5% were non-families. 26.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.90.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 21.7% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 29.1% from 25 to 44, 27.6% from 45 to 64, and 12.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.9 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $41,786, and the median income for a family was $52,875. Males had a median income of $37,500 versus $22,000 for females. The per capita income for the town was $20,917. About 1.1% of families and 3.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under age 18 and 5.6% of those age 65 or over.

Notable native

 * Howell G. Crim, civil servant (White House Chief Usher, 1938–57)

title: Sharpsburg, Maryland


text:
Smithsburg, Maryland

Smithsburg is a town in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The population was 2,975 at the 2010 census. Smithsburg is close to the former Fort Ritchie army base and just west of the presidential retreat Camp David.

History
Smithsburg, MD was founded in 1812 by Christopher "Stuffle" Smith. He purchased a plot of land formerly known as "part of Shadrack's Lot." The community's development was directly influenced by factors such as migration paths, the arrival of the railroad, and advances in agricultural technology. By 1923, much of the existing village had been erected. Smithsburg was incorporated in 1846.

Smithsburg acted as a hospital town during the American Civil War in 1862, treating wounded soldiers from nearby battles at South Mountain and Antietam. On July 5, 1863, Confederate General James Stuart and Union General Kilpatrick exchanged artillery fire over Smithsburg. A cannon ball from this exchange can be found lodged in the wall of a building on Water Street. Kilpatrick continued the advance to Boonsboro, Maryland after the engagement on July 6.

An incident involving slaves in May 1845 proved to be violent for the people of Smithsburg. Twelve runaway slaves from Leesburg, Virginia had been seeking their way to freedom in the North when a man who considered himself to be a professional slave catcher, who had only supposed the group to be runaways, noticed the party making their way past his home at three o’clock in the morning. Beckoning the town constable and six other men to apprehend the runaways, the supposed leader exclaimed, “Now, boys, G-d d--n you, fight!” Armed with pistols and tomahawks, the Virginia runaways had the upper hand as the rural Smithsburg men only exhibited clubs and sticks for protection. A skirmish took place which badly wounded some of the Smithsburg men: “Constable Flora was twice knocked down, Price had his arm nearly severed and the bone broken, by a blow from a tomahawk he also had a pistol snapped in his face, which unfortunately failed to go off…Shank was several times felled to the earth, and the whole party more or less injured.” Despite their efforts, only four slaves were captured - two by the Smithsburg troop and two more in an adjoining town, Leitersburg - yet the bulk of the runaways presumably were successful in their audacious escape into Pennsylvania.

During the Gettysburg Campaign, on the afternoon of July 5, 1863, Federal cavalry defended Smithsburg from an attack led by General J.E.B. Stuart and Confederate cavalry during their retreat from the Battle of Gettysburg.

President Lyndon Johnson, his wife Lady Bird Johnson, and their daughter Lynda Bird Johnson, visited St. Ann's Episcopal Church in Smithsburg on Easter Sunday, March 26, 1967. During his term, Johnson visited Smithsburg many times due to its close proximity to Camp David. In 1963, President and First Lady Johnson were on their way from Camp David to a Church in Hagerstown, Maryland. Along their route was a junkyard known as "Elwoods Auto Exchange" which the first lady felt "ruined the beautiful landscape". She requested the driver pull the limousine onto the shoulder of the road. She then marched up the dirt road to the main office and proceeded to give Elwoods Grimm "a piece of her mind regarding the unsightliness of the wrecking yard." Two years following this occurrence the Highway Beautification Act was passed by Congress. The Auto Exchange is still in operation and is now hidden by a line of pine trees which blocks its view from the main highway. While there is no documentation of Lady Bird's rant, several documents are available through the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum which show her acknowledgements of the unsightliness of the Auto Exchange.

On June 9, 2022, three people were killed and a fourth was wounded in a mass shooting that occurred at Columbia Machine, Inc., previously known as Bikle Manufacturing. Shortly after, a state trooper was wounded as well by a suspect during an exchange of gunfire. The suspect was then arrested and subsequently charged, and he was later indicted for murder, attempted murder and using a firearm during a violent crime in July 2022.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.06 sqmi, of which 1.05 sqmi is land and 0.01 sqmi is water. The only body of water that is within the limits of Smithsburg is the now inactive Smithsburg reservoir.

Smithsburg is characterized by rolling hills and open space. The town is well known for its farming community, including apple orchards and dairy farms.

Climate
Due to Smithsburg's location between the Appalachian Mountains and the Chesapeake Bay watershed, its climate is considered mild to moderate. The area has warm, humid summers and winters with temperatures hovering around freezing point.

Transportation

The main method of travel to and from Smithsburg is by road. Maryland Route 66 is the only highway directly serving the town, following the old alignment of Maryland Route 64 through the middle of town. MD 66 connects with MD 64 just outside of the town limits on both the north and south ends, while Maryland Route 77 terminates at MD 64 just southeast of the town limits. Interstate 70 is accessible via MD 66, while Hagerstown can be reached via MD 64 and Thurmont via MD 77.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 2,975 people, 1,012 households, and 791 families living in the town. The population density was 2833.3 PD/sqmi. There were 1,082 housing units at an average density of 1030.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 91.7% White, 4.2% African American, 0.2% Native American, 1.0% Asian, 0.8% from other races, and 2.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.0% of the population.

There were 1,012 households, of which 49.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.8% were married couples living together, 13.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 21.8% were non-families. 18.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.94 and the average family size was 3.35.

The median age in the town was 32.9 years. 32.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 29.1% were from 25 to 44; 22.8% were from 45 to 64; and 7.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 47.9% male and 52.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,146 people, 728 households, and 561 families living in the town. The population density was 2,352.5 PD/sqmi. There were 763 housing units at an average density of 836.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 95.25% White, 2.33% African American, 0.37% Native American, 0.65% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.75% from other races, and 0.61% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.28% of the population.

There were 728 households, out of which 52.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.3% were married couples living together, 13.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.9% were non-families. 18.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.95 and the average family size was 3.40.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 35.8% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 36.2% from 25 to 44, 14.9% from 45 to 64, and 6.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.1 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $50,795, and the median income for a family was $58,958. Males had a median income of $41,700 versus $26,207 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,373. About 6.8% of families and 7.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.5% of those under age 18 and 14.7% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Smithsburg has four schools: Smithsburg High School (one of seven in Washington County), Smithsburg Middle School, Smithsburg Elementary School, and Old Forge Elementary. Smithsburg High School currently enrolls 902 students. The 116260 sqft school was built in 1965.

Events
Smithsburg hosts the annual Steam and Craft Show in September, Smithsburg Hometown Christmas in December, Smithsburg Pride Days in May/June, and the Smithsburg Carnival every final week of June.

title: Smithsburg, Maryland


text:
St. James, Maryland

St. James is a census-designated place (CDP) in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The population was 1,657 at the 2000 census. It is also the home of St. James School, Hagerstown, a small, Episcopalian, boarding school. St. James was formerly named "Lydia."

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 6.0 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,657 people, 631 households, and 499 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 276.8 PD/sqmi. There were 655 housing units at an average density of 109.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 95.65% White, 2.29% African American, 1.21% Asian, 0.42% from other races, and 0.42% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.78% of the population.

There were 631 households, out of which 36.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 70.8% were married couples living together, 6.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.9% were non-families. 16.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 2.94.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 24.9% under the age of 18, 5.6% from 18 to 24, 29.1% from 25 to 44, 26.3% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.2 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $53,750, and the median income for a family was $65,924. Males had a median income of $39,464 versus $28,594 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $20,193. About 2.3% of families and 5.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.7% of those under age 18 and 3.3% of those age 65 or over.

title: St. James, Maryland


text:
Williamsport, Maryland

Williamsport is a town in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The population was 1,868 at the 2000 census and 2,137 as of 2010.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.04 sqmi, all land.

Williamsport is located 7.69 mi southwest of Hagerstown and 16.23 mi north of Martinsburg, West Virginia.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Williamsport has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 2,137 people, 960 households, and 543 families residing in the town. The population density was 2054.8 PD/sqmi. There were 1,080 housing units at an average density of 1038.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 95.6% White, 2.5% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.1% of the population.

There were 960 households, of which 25.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.7% were married couples living together, 12.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.4% were non-families. 38.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.12 and the average family size was 2.73.

The median age in the town was 44.9 years. 19% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.3% were from 25 to 44; 26.4% were from 45 to 64; and 23.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 46.0% male and 54.0% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,868 people, 785 households, and 471 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,725.6 PD/sqmi. There were 836 housing units at an average density of 772.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.29% White, 0.80% African American, 0.05% Native American, 0.16% Asian, 0.27% from other races, and 0.43% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.27% of the population.

There were 785 households, out of which 27.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.7% were married couples living together, 12.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.0% were non-families. 35.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.84.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 20.0% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 26.3% from 25 to 44, 22.8% from 45 to 64, and 23.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 80.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 76.5 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $34,243, and the median income for a family was $41,115. Males had a median income of $30,833 versus $21,708 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,179. About 7.4% of families and 8.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.8% of those under age 18 and 14.8% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Nick Adenhart, former MLB pitcher
 * Dave Cole, former MLB pitcher
 * Gina Marie Groh, United States District Court Judge

History
The town lies on one of the early Native American trails between New York and the Carolinas. In the mid-18th century, tens of thousands of European settlers and pioneer families with their wagons followed the same route on the Great Wagon Road from Pennsylvania to Virginia and points south and west. In 1744, a ferry was established at the present site of Williamsport to carry the traffic across the Potomac River. Today’s travelers make the crossing on Interstate 81 a mile downriver from the town.

In 1755 the land tract of Thomas Cresap (Jr.) named "Leeds" at the future site of Williamsport would become an important supply depot for the Braddock expedition to capture the French fort Duquesne (at present Pittsburgh). Supplies were transported to this place both west from Rock Creek (today's Georgetown) and south from Pennsylvania. Col. Thomas Dunbar's 48th regiment of the British Army encamped here on May 1, 1755, before ferrying across the Potomac River and marching two days south to rejoin Sir Thomas Halkett's 44th regiment north of Winchester, Virginia. Just over two months later Dunbar, the highest-ranking surviving, unwounded officer, would lead the remains of the tattered army through Williamsport to Frederick, Maryland on the retreat to Philadelphia.

The land of present-day Williamsport was previously owned by Otho Holland Williams, a Continental Army officer in the American Revolutionary War, and for whom the town is named.

Cedar Grove, Daniel Donnelly House, Elmwood, Rose Hill, Sprechers Mill House, Springfield Farm, Tammany, and the Williamsport Historic District are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Economic growth
In 1834, boats using a portion of the newly built Chesapeake and Ohio Canal were able to reach Williamsport from Washington, D.C. The canal itself was extended to Williamsport in 1835. The canal became an important commercial route which connected the area with the lower Potomac River region and the Chesapeake Bay, and later with the Cumberland, Maryland region as the canal construction continued westward. Williamsport became a very popular waterfront town which benefited the economy. In 1873, the Western Maryland Railway extended its line from Hagerstown to Williamsport, in order to gain access to canal traffic. Coal from Cumberland area mines was one of the principal commodities transferred from canal barges to rail cars at Williamsport.

Flooding
In 1863, during the Civil War, the overflowing flooding waters of the river prevented General Robert E. Lee's army, on its retreat from Gettysburg, from crossing and making it safely into Virginia for several days. A large flood in 1924 caused extensive damage to the canal, which was then permanently shut down.

Recent developments
The town's historic core was added to the National Register of Historic Places as the Williamsport Historic District in 2001.

The town in May 2010 secured Michael Sparks, a previous town consultant and writer of a revitalization feasibility study, as Director of Economic and Community Development to revitalize downtown and attract tourism. Mr. Sparks outlined a revitalization initiative with the acronym of C.A.R.E.
 * C-Connecting the various assets of the Town both physically and aesthetically.
 * A-Align and inform the merchants with the needs and demographics of tourists.
 * R-Rebuild through improving building conditions with Code Enforcement and Ordinance changes.
 * E-Entertainment and how to create excitement to pull tourist activity into the town so that it can be built upon and capitalized on by a revitalized Town Center.

Over a one-year experiment with having a full-time economic development employee hundreds of thousands of grant dollars were secured for projects including handicap accessibility for town buildings, reconstruction of sewage pump stations, a possible bike-and-boat rental facility, and the town was approved as a Heart of the Civil War Heritage Area Target Investment Zone. Bike lanes, bike racks and directional signage were installed to better direct tourists and connect the town with the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park. A new permit process was set up with the Washington County, Maryland permit office, building code enforcement and heavy truck traffic were addressed. Events were coordinated that emphasized revitalization and the downtown merchants. Additionally local youth were honored for community involvement, events were coordinated for town youth and a Boys and Girls Club was created. The changes increased business in Williamsport. The town is part of a regional initiative known as the Canal Towns Partnership.

FirstEnergy corporation closed the R. Paul Smith Power Station in Williamsport on September 1, 2012.

Transportation
The main means of transportation to and from Williamsport are by road. Interstate 81 is the main highway directly serving Williamsport, passing along the town's southeastern border. I-81 continues north towards Harrisburg and south towards Martinsburg. A few miles from Williamsport, I-81 also has an interchange with Interstate 70, which provides access to Baltimore and Pittsburgh. Other highways serving Williamsport include U.S. Route 11, Maryland Route 63 and Maryland Route 68, all of which converge in the center of town.

title: Williamsport, Maryland


text:
Wilson-Conococheague, Maryland

Wilson-Conococheague is a census-designated place (CDP) in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The population was 2,262 at the 2020 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 5.00 sqmi, of which 4.90 sqmi is land and 0.10 sqmi is water.

Demographics
At the 2000 census, there were 1,885 people, 718 households and 549 families living in the CDP. The population density was 387.3 /sqmi. There were 752 housing units at an average density of 154.5 /sqmi. The racial make-up of the CDP was 97.82% White, 1.06% African American, 0.05% Native American, 0.42% Asian, 0.21% from other races and 0.42% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.58% of the population.

There were 718 households, of which 35.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.0% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present and 23.5% were non-families. 18.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 2.98.

25.9% of the population were under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 32.6% from 25 to 44, 22.9% from 45 to 64 and 12.6% were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.8 males.

The median household income was $38,389 and the median family income was $39,256. Males had a median income of $31,505 and females $21,250. The per capita income was $15,951. About 5.6% of families and 7.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.9% of those under age 18 and 15.6% of those age 65 or over.

title: Wilson-Conococheague, Maryland


text:
Delmar, Maryland

Delmar is a town in Wicomico County, Maryland, United States. The population was 3,003 at the 2010 census. It is included in the Salisbury, Maryland-Delaware Metropolitan Statistical Area. When the population is added to Delmar, Delaware, the town's total population is 4,600.

History
The Town of Delmar was founded in October 1859 with the extension of the Delaware Railroad to the southern boundary of Delaware. The Transpeninsular Line was responsible for the founding of this unique bi-state town because the Charter of the Delaware Railroad Company permitted only the building of a railroad within the State of Delaware and the charter of the corresponding railroad company in Maryland permitted only the laying of railroad track within the State of Maryland. Thus, in 1859, the two respective railroads met and the Town of Delmar was born. The name of Delmar was derived for this railroad center from the states whose line it straddles – DELaware and MARyland.

The Town of Delmar grew slowly until 1884 when the New York, Philadelphia and Norfolk Railroad Co. completed a railroad from Pocomoke City, Maryland to Cape Charles, Virginia and also established a ferry service across the Chesapeake Bay between Cape Charles and Norfolk, Virginia. These new developments immediately made the Delmarva Peninsula an important link between the north and south. The Town of Delmar, being the midway town of the Delmarva Peninsula and already a railroad terminal, was the point for trains to change crews and locomotives and also a center for maintenance of the rolling equipment. As a result of these developments, a tremendous influx of experienced railroad men into the community and considerable extra employment was furnished for local townspeople. During this accelerated rapid growth period, Delmar became a "boom town". New dwelling units sprang up all over town and new businesses were established to meet the demands of its growing population. By 1889, the population of the Town of Delmar had increased to 680 and was still growing.

In 1888, the Town of Delmar, Maryland was granted a charter by the General Assembly of Maryland. An examination of this charter and the laws of Maryland fails to reveal any mention of the twin town of Delmar, Delaware. Therefore, it could be assumed that up until this time there was very little cooperation between halves of the Town of Delmar. The Town of Delmar was almost entirely destroyed by fire in 1892 and again in 1901. The first fire destroyed everything in its path over a ten-acre (40,000 m2) area and the second major fire was almost as destructive. In each instance, the Town of Delmar was rebuilt and continued as a flourishing town. The first indication of any cooperation between Delmar, Maryland and Delmar, Delaware came in 1924 when surveys were conducted for a possible sewerage system for the entire Town of Delmar. The construction of the sewerage system in 1927 was considered the first joint project between the two towns in that the law provided that both towns would maintain the outfall sewer with Maryland paying the expenses and billing the Delaware side one-half of all costs.

The biggest push towards abolishing the jurisdictional, legal effects of the State line came when the Lions Club voted to sponsor a project for the consolidation of the two school systems in the town. Since the town was founded, each side had its own individual school with the one in Delaware operating under the local School Board and the Maryland School operating under the Wicomico County Board of Education. This very controversial issue was bitterly contested for over three years and finally in 1949, this dream became a reality when the junior and senior high schools were consolidated into one school using the Delaware facilities. Four years later the fourth, fifth and sixth grades were also consolidated with classes in the Maryland school. This controversial decision represented one of the greatest steps forward educationally for the town of Delmar and also towards eliminating the jurisdictional barrier between the two parts of town.

Geography
Delmar is located at 38.45167°N, -75.57°W (38.4509, −75.5695).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.73 sqmi, of which 1.72 sqmi is land and 0.01 sqmi is water.

Demographics
The median income for a household in the town was $28,462, and the median income for a family was $31,991. Males had a median income of $29,643 versus $20,885 for females. The per capita income for the town was $13,821. About 16.9% of families and 16.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.2% of those under age 18 and 18.7% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 3,003 people, 1,162 households, and 742 families residing in the town. The population density was 1745.9 PD/sqmi. There were 1,382 housing units at an average density of 803.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 68.2% White, 21.3% African American, 0.3% Native American, 5.5% Asian, 1.6% from other races, and 3.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.6% of the population.

There were 1,162 households, of which 40.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.0% were married couples living together, 20.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.1% were non-families. 27.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.11.

The median age in the town was 30.5 years. 27.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 12.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 29.4% were from 25 to 44; 22.7% were from 45 to 64; and 8.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 45.7% male and 54.3% female.

Education
Delmar is within Wicomico County Public Schools, which operates Delmar Elementary School. It opened in 1920 and was a grade 7-12 school in 1923 but later became the elementary school. The original building consists of the main office and the second floor, with other parts of the first floor being further expansions. It was previously known as Maryland Elementary School. At one time the school went up to grade 6, but by 2000 there were plans to make it only up to the 5th grade.

Students on the Maryland side may go to public school in the Delmar School District in Delaware, which operates Delmar Middle School and Delmar Senior High School. residents of Delmar, Maryland may attend the Delmar, Delaware schools or they may attend Wicomico Middle School.

Notable people

 * Lewis J. Fields, United States Marine Corps Lieutenant general
 * Elihu Emory Jackson – Governor of Maryland (1888–1892)
 * Edward L. Fike (1920-2011), journalist and publisher in California, Montana, North Carolina, Ohio, and Virginia.

Trivia
Delmar was one of the filming locations for the 1986 horror movie Redneck Zombies.

title: Delmar, Maryland


text:
Fruitland, Maryland

Fruitland is a city in Wicomico County, Maryland, United States. The population was 4,866 at the 2010 census. It is included in the Salisbury, Maryland-Delaware Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
Fruitland is located at 38.32361°N, -75.61944°W (38.323555, -75.619557).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.79 sqmi, of which 3.78 sqmi is land and 0.01 sqmi is water.

Demographics
The median income for a household in the city was $34,468, and the median income for a family was $36,181. Males had a median income of $28,495 versus $21,127 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,774. About 15.2% of families and 18.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.1% of those under age 18 and 16.3% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 4,866 people, 1,840 households, and 1,223 families residing in the city. The population density was 1287.3 PD/sqmi. There were 2,045 housing units at an average density of 541.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 62.0% White, 30.3% African American, 0.6% Native American, 3.1% Asian, 1.4% from other races, and 2.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.3% of the population.

There were 1,840 households, of which 37.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.0% were married couples living together, 18.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.5% were non-families. 23.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.11.

The median age in the city was 32.5 years. 26.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 12.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.4% were from 25 to 44; 23.6% were from 45 to 64; and 10.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.6% male and 53.4% female.

Schools

Fruitland Primary School (K-2) and Fruitland Intermediate School (3-5) are within Fruitland's city limits and are operated by Wicomico County Public Schools, which serve the city and surrounding area. Students from Fruitland schools feed into Bennett Middle School (6-8) and then into either James M. Bennett High School or Parkside High School, all of which are located in Salisbury.

Climate
Climate is characterized by relatively high temperatures and evenly distributed precipitation throughout the year. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Cfa" (Humid Subtropical Climate).

title: Fruitland, Maryland


text:
Hebron, Maryland

Hebron is a town in Wicomico County, Maryland, United States. The population was 1,084 at the 2010 census. It is included in the Salisbury, Maryland-Delaware Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is the hometown of pro-wrestler Mark Hildreth and politician Scott Taylor.

History
The Maple Leaf Farm Potato House, Spring Hill Church, St. Giles, and Western Fields are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Hebron Train Depot In 1890, the Baltimore, Chesapeake and Atlantic Railroad was extended westward from Salisbury. About six miles from that city, the line crossed a country road where there was a store and a Colonial dwelling. All around were farms and woodland. Here the builders of the railroad designated a shipping point and named it Hebron (The community was named for the biblical city). Five years later, a lumber manufacturing plant was located there, and a hamlet began to develop. While earlier towns sprang up on rivers, Hebron came about because of the railroad and to the immense effect that the railroad had on this area was added the automobile and improved farm machinery. By the 1920s Hebron was a hub for farming as well as manufacturing with major markets being easily and quickly accessible. In 1927 there were five shirt factories, a flour mill, a canning operation, a lumber mill, and a new high school under construction. There were large poultry and dairy farms joining the profitable farming of peaches, apples, strawberries, sweet potatoes, cucumbers, tomatoes, cantaloupes, and watermelons. The most prominent of these were the farms of B. Frank Adkins known as Neighbor's Wonder Farm, renowned for its herd of Guernsey cattle, the Oakdale Poultry Farm owned by J.T. Insley, and the farms of James A. Phillips and James Gordy. Notable citizens responsible for the manufacturing aspect of the town were Walter B. Miller and G.A. Bounds, the latter which owned both a lumber mill and canning plant and whose house still stands on Main Street today.

Geography
Hebron is located at 38.41806°N, -75.68778°W (38.418091, -75.687669). According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.28 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,084 people, 419 households, and 285 families living in the town. The population density was 846.9 PD/sqmi. There were 457 housing units at an average density of 357.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 83.8% White, 13.5% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.8% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.0% of the population.

There were 419 households, of which 38.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.0% were married couples living together, 13.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 32.0% were non-families. 25.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the average family size was 3.11.

The median age in the town was 34.8 years. 26.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 28% were from 25 to 44; 23.4% were from 45 to 64; and 12.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 47.5% male and 52.5% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 807 people, 299 households, and 229 families living in the town. The population density was 1,965.9 PD/sqmi. There were 325 housing units at an average density of 791.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 86.12% White, 11.65% African American, 0.12% Native American, 0.50% Asian, 0.62% from other races, and 0.99% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.62% of the population.

There were 299 households, out of which 40.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.9% were married couples living together, 16.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.1% were non-families. 18.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 30.5% under the age of 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 30.4% from 25 to 44, 20.1% from 45 to 64, and 10.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.1 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $36,750, and the median income for a family was $40,694. Males had a median income of $30,500 versus $18,068 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,400. About 10.9% of families and 13.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.5% of those under age 18 and 11.8% of those age 65 or over.

title: Hebron, Maryland