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Mullan, Idaho

Mullan is a city in the northwest United States, located in the Silver Valley mining district of northern Idaho. The population was 646 at the 2020 census and 692 at the 2010 census, and 840 in 2000.

In Shoshone County at the east end of the Silver Valley, Mullan is in a sheltered canyon of the Coeur d'Alene Mountains at an elevation of 3278 ft above sea level. The entrance to the Lucky Friday mine is several hundred yards east of the city center; the active mine (silver, lead, & zinc) descends more than 6000 ft below the surface.

Interstate 90 runs by the city's south side, and the Montana border at Lookout Pass is 6 mi east at 4700 ft above sea level.

History
Mullan came into existence in 1884 with the discovery of gold at the Gold Hunter Mine, which turned out to be a lead and silver producer. That same year, George Good made a lead-silver strike with the Morning Mine and Mullan came into existence between the two mines. The site was filed in August 1888, after the village had twenty log and fifteen frame houses, a sawmill, and a population of 150. The Northern Pacific Railway arrived in 1889 and the city was incorporated in 1904.

During the Coeur d'Alene labor confrontation of 1899, two hundred miners from Mullan joined the Dynamite Express. In the aftermath of the labor war, many of Mullan's leaders and Populist elected officials including the sheriff were arrested and sent to the Wallace bull pens.

The city was named for West Point graduate John Mullan (1830–1909), who was in charge of selecting a wagon route (commonly called the Mullan Road) between Fort Benton (Montana) and Fort Walla Walla (Washington). Lieutenant Mullan, a topographical engineer in the U.S. Army, began gathering information in 1854. Delayed by the Coeur d'Alene War of 1858, construction began in 1859 from Fort Walla Walla.

From today's Mullan townsite, the Mullan Road continued 6–7 mi southeast up Willow Creek to cross the Idaho–Montana border at today's St. Regis Pass (47.45°N, -115.722°W). It was formerly "Sohon Pass," named by Mullan for artist Gustavus Sohon, whose explorations found the 4900 ft gap, about a mile west of Lookout Pass. After the strenuous project was completed in 1860, floods wiped out substantial stretches of the road, and the road was re-routed in 1861. Floods again damaged the road, and ultimately, no provision for maintenance was provided.

Mullan's population has declined in recent decades, from a peak of 2,291 in 1940.

Present day
Mullan is significantly smaller than it was in the heyday of the Morning and Lucky Friday mines. The Mullan School District operates the John Mullan Elementary School (K–6) and the Mullan Junior/Senior High School (7–12), opened in 1927.

Mullan has its own fire department and owns and maintains an Olympic-size swimming pool (50 m) for community use. The city is accessed from Interstate 90 at exits 67, 68, and 69.

Geography
Mullan is located at 47.469°N, -115.798°W, at an elevation of 3278 ft above sea level.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.84 sqmi, all of it land.

Climate
According to the Köppen climate classification system, Mullan has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb) with four full seasons. Summers are generally warm, with cool nights, while winters are cold and snowy, with annual snowfall averaging 112 inches (284 cm).

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 692 people, 326 households, and 193 families residing in the city. The population density was 823.8 PD/sqmi. There were 434 housing units at an average density of 516.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 95.8% White, 1.0% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.7% from other races, and 2.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.2% of the population.

There were 326 households, of which 20.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.3% were married couples living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 40.8% were non-families. 36.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.12 and the average family size was 2.72.

The median age in the city was 48.3 years. 17.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.9% were from 25 to 44; 33.8% were from 45 to 64; and 20.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 51.9% male and 48.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 840 people, 367 households, and 227 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,011.6 PD/sqmi. There were 456 housing units at an average density of 549.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.31% White, 1.43% Native American, 0.24% Asian, 1.19% from other races, and 0.83% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.86% of the population.

There were 367 households, out of which 28.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.2% were married couples living together, 6.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.9% were non-families. 32.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.91.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.9% under the age of 18, 5.6% from 18 to 24, 25.2% from 25 to 44, 27.5% from 45 to 64, and 16.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,417, and the median income for a family was $36,917. Males had a median income of $31,250 versus $20,833 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,943. About 7.8% of families and 12.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.2% of those under age 18 and 9.6% of those age 65 or over.

title: Mullan, Idaho


text:
Osburn, Idaho

Osburn is a city in Shoshone County, Idaho, United States. Located in the Silver Valley mining region of northern Idaho, its population was 1,555 at the 2010 census.

History
The city was named for Bill Osborne, who established a trading post here.

Geography
Osburn is located at 47.50639°N, -116.00556°W (47.506464, -116.005535), at an elevation of 2520 ft above sea level.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.33 sqmi, of which, 1.31 sqmi is land and 0.02 sqmi is water.

2010 census
At the 2010 census there were 1,555 people in 711 households, including 443 families, in the city. The population density was 1187.0 PD/sqmi. There were 777 housing units at an average density of 593.1 /sqmi. The racial makup of the city was 95.8% White, 0.3% African American, 1.5% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.5% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.2%.

Of the 711 households 24.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.3% were married couples living together, 6.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.7% were non-families. 32.9% of households were one person and 15.8% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.76.

The median age was 48.1 years. 20.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 19.6% were from 25 to 44; 32.1% were from 45 to 64; and 22.4% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.4% male and 49.6% female.

2000 census
At the 2000 census there were 1,545 people in 699 households, including 457 families, in the city. The population density was 1,154.4 PD/sqmi. There were 786 housing units at an average density of 587.3 /sqmi. The racial makup of the city was 95.40% White, 0.32% African American, 1.62% Native American, 0.13% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.32% from other races, and 2.14% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.33%.

Of the 699 households 23.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.8% were married couples living together, 7.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.5% were non-families. 29.0% of households were one person and 14.9% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.70.

The age distribution was 20.1% under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 24.9% from 25 to 44, 28.3% from 45 to 64, and 20.7% 65 or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.0 males.

The median household income was $29,856 and the median family income was $34,605. Males had a median income of $31,574 versus $20,769 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,532. About 10.1% of families and 11.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.2% of those under age 18 and 4.6% of those age 65 or over.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Osburn, Idaho


text:
Pinehurst, Idaho

Pinehurst is a city in Shoshone County, Idaho, United States. Located at the west end of the Silver Valley mining region, its population was 1,619 at the 2010 census.

Geography
Pinehurst is located at 47.53722°N, -116.23722°W (47.537193, -116.237085). at an elevation of 2224 ft above sea level.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.05 sqmi, all of it land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,619 people, 721 households, and 458 families living in the city. The population density was 1541.9 PD/sqmi. There were 810 housing units at an average density of 771.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.4% White, 0.1% African American, 1.0% Native American, 0.8% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 1.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.5% of the population.

There were 721 households, of which 26.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.0% were married couples living together, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.5% were non-families. 31.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.81.

The median age in the city was 45.8 years. 21.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.5% were from 25 to 44; 27.4% were from 45 to 64; and 23.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.0% male and 52.0% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,661 people, 720 households, and 495 families living in the city. The population density was 1,543.6 PD/sqmi. There were 773 housing units at an average density of 718.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.63% White, 1.38% Native American, 0.24% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.42% from other races, and 1.26% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.87% of the population.

There were 720 households, out of which 27.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.7% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.3% were non-families. 28.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.80.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.1% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 25.1% from 25 to 44, 25.6% from 45 to 64, and 19.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $27,757, and the median income for a family was $34,185. Males had a median income of $31,932 versus $20,000 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,268. About 13.5% of families and 14.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.3% of those under age 18 and 9.4% of those age 65 or over.

title: Pinehurst, Idaho


text:
Smelterville, Idaho

Smelterville is a city in Shoshone County, Idaho, United States. The population was 627 at the 2010 census.

The town was named in 1929 by a voice vote of its residents; the other choices were Van Rena and Silver City (already used in southwestern Idaho). The presence of the Bunker Hill smelter, which started operating in 1917, caused the name to be selected.

Geography
Smelterville is located at 47.54278°N, -116.17917°W (47.542690, -116.179281), at an elevation of 2234 ft above sea level.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.31 sqmi, all of it land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 627 people, 305 households, and 154 families residing in the city. The population density was 2022.6 PD/sqmi. There were 370 housing units at an average density of 1193.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 95.4% White, 0.5% African American, 1.8% Native American, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 0.6% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.6% of the population.

There were 305 households, of which 22.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.7% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 49.5% were non-families. 40.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.06 and the average family size was 2.79.

The median age in the city was 42.6 years. 20.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.5% were from 25 to 44; 30.8% were from 45 to 64; and 15.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 52.2% male and 47.8% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 651 people, 308 households, and 165 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,049.1 PD/sqmi. There were 355 housing units at an average density of 1,117.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.77% White, 0.15% African American, 1.54% Native American, 0.15% Asian, 0.31% from other races, and 1.08% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.54% of the population.

There were 308 households, out of which 21.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.3% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.4% were non-families. 37.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.11 and the average family size was 2.75.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 21.2% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 24.0% from 45 to 64, and 18.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $21,908, and the median income for a family was $30,341. Males had a median income of $26,029 versus $16,250 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,572. About 15.5% of families and 22.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 29.1% of those under age 18 and 12.5% of those age 65 or over.

title: Smelterville, Idaho


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Wallace, Idaho

Wallace, Idaho is a city in and the county seat of Shoshone County, Idaho, in the Silver Valley mining district of the Idaho Panhandle. Founded in 1884, Wallace sits alongside the South Fork of the Coeur d'Alene River (and Interstate 90). The town's population was 791 at the 2020 census.

The Route of the Hiawatha rails-to-trail passes through Wallace.

History

Gold was discovered in a stream about twelve miles north of the future Wallace in the spring of 1882. Migration to the region increased, especially during the following year. Eagle City, Prichard, Murrayville (now Murray) and other mining camps were founded, and mining claims proliferated. Silver was also discovered.

Founding and early years
In the spring of 1884, Colonel William R. Wallace built a cabin at a site he called "Placer Center." A Civil War veteran, Wallace was heavily involved in mining ventures after the war. The spot's central location in the mining district clearly offered promise as a town site. In fact, a news sheet published at the time extolled the town's favorable prospects because "it is on the Mullan Road, which is the main emigrant road on the Bitter Root divide." Wallace believed in his new venture and invested money to build access roads, put up lot fences and make other improvements. By the spring of 1885, Placer Center had a grocery store and several other small businesses. Within a year or so, there was also a general store, a sawmill, hotel and more.

Wallace and Richard Lockey bought "Sioux half-breed scrip" from a bank in Spokane, Washington to purchase an 80 acre town site that would become the town of Wallace. Such scrip entitled the holder to "locate" (claim) unoccupied and unsurveyed public lands. Wallace's application for a land patent to secure title to the townsite was submitted to the United States General Land Office (GLO) in Coeur d'Alene on June 5, 1886.

The GLO head office in Washington, D.C. found that his scrip had been reported lost by its original holder. That original scrip had then been replaced and used to claim land, around six years earlier. For this reason, the GLO denied Wallace's application, in a letter dated February 3, 1887. Nevertheless, Col. Wallace and his Wallace Townsite Company continued to sell properties (lots) because the Coeur d'Alene land officer had advised them that they could do so. In fact, the officer said he would act as Wallace's attorney if a dispute arose. Neither the Company nor Col. Wallace informed potential or actual buyers that their patent on the townsite was uncertain.

The settlement flourished, and by the fall of 1887 when its first school was opened, there were many saloons, one brewery, a large apartment building with a public hall, a hotel, and many stores and shops. On September 10, 1887, a narrow gauge rail line reached Wallace, leading to further growth. Within two years the railroad would offer regular scheduled service. On May 2, 1888, a group of citizens petitioned Shoshone County's county commissioners for the town's incorporation, now to be called "Wallace", after the Colonel. Wallace was appointed one of the five trustees of the new town.

In November 1888, the townsite company engaged a Washington, D.C., attorney who specialized in contested public lands cases. The letter reporting this action does not say what event led to the move. However, it asserted that the original scrip owner had "made oath ... that he had never parted with the original, and never gave anyone power to use his name in any other location." That is, the company saw the reported GLO duplication of the scrip as a fraudulent action.

But by February 19, 1889, reports had arrived in Wallace of a case involving disputed Sioux half-breed scrip. The Department of Interior (DOI) denied a Montana land claim because the scrip had been used for the benefit of persons other than the mixed-blood it had been issued to initially. This decision more closely followed the apparent intent of the original legislation, but was actually a reversal of long-standing GLO practice. For decades, the GLO had allowed land dealers to buy the scrip from the mixed-bloods for a pittance and then claim large expanses of valuable public land for white use. One group of speculators made substantial profits from at least 15,000 acres (6,070 ha) of land in Minnesota, Nevada and California. Newspaper reports suggested that this DOI decision might affect land claims in several places across the West.

In Wallace, the news of the case led many townspeople—on the night of Tuesday, February 19, 1889—to participate in "lot jumping," that is, peremptorily marking the space as their own. Newspapers across the United States carried news of the small western town's real estate upheaval. The New York Times wrote: "Many persons heretofore considered rich are no longer so, while poor persons have jumped into comfortable circumstances." Some existing owners guarded their own lots in order to retain their right of ownership. Local historian Judge Richard Magnuson wrote, "By 2 a.m., everything was located and the rush subsided."

William R. Wallace reacted to the jumping with an angry letter, partially quoted above to describe what the company considered improper action by the GLO. The letter closed, "The higher courts will ere long decide the validity of the claimants." With this letter and several others, Wallace took the stance of an aggrieved party in relation to the GLO's handling of the Sioux scrip. It has been documented that the under-staffed and poorly-run GLO was indeed involved in corrupt dealings at that time. Continuing their aggressive stance, the Wallace Townsite Company filed 13 legal suits, demanding $1,000 from citizens it claimed had illegally jumped their properties. Several years passed before all the disputes were fully resolved. Fortunately, land holders who had legitimately developed their plots were able to gain clear title. By the time the disputes were concluded, William R. Wallace had opened an office in Spokane to pursue mining ventures in the West.

In July 1890, a fire aided by strong winds destroyed thirteen saloons, six hotels, a bank, a theater, eighteen office structures (many doctors and lawyers, and the newspaper), three livery stables, and over thirty other stores and shops. A meeting hall, the telephone exchange, and the post office were also destroyed. Following the fire, the town organized a new, better-equipped fire company, installed an improved water system, and adopted ordinances requiring fireproof construction in certain downtown areas.

Labor strife, 1892 and 1899
In 1892, mine owners in the Coeur d'Alenes found the usual investor pressure for profits exacerbated by increased railroad freight rates. Their subsequent measures to cut costs sparked a strike by the mine workers, so the operators brought in replacements. The pressure finally sparked the Coeur d'Alene, Idaho labor strike of 1892, which ended in a union victory. The immediate costs were three men dead on each side and the total destruction of the Frisco ore mill, about four miles northeast of Wallace.

Unfortunately, the violence did not end there. An armed mob attacked the replacement workers as they waited for river transport out to Coeur d'Alene City. No evidence was found that the union leadership sanctioned this brutality, but reports to Idaho Governor Willey said that a dozen bullet-riddled bodies had been found. Martial law was declared and lasted about four months, but none of the charges brought by authorities were upheld.

A similar, although not nearly so deadly, confrontation occurred in April 1899. It again began among the miners working northeast of Wallace. However, the union's target was the Bunker Hill & Sullivan Mining Company, which adamantly refused to recognize or deal with the miners' union. A huge force took over and blew up the company's mill at Wardner. During the Coeur d'Alene, Idaho labor confrontation of 1899 attackers murdered a non-union miner and killed one of their own by "friendly fire."

Alarmed by the size of attacking force – perhaps as many as a thousand men – Governor Frank Steunenberg imposed martial law. About a thousand men were rounded up and held in a crude prison, dubbed "the bullpen." But in the end, only one union man was convicted of a crime, and he was pardoned and released two years later. But, again, there was a tragic aftermath. In 1905, union assassin Harry Orchard murdered ex-Governor Steunenberg.

Wallace grows

In 1893, Wallace went from governance by a board of trustees to a city charter. The first official mayor was William S. Haskins, who would shortly thereafter be appointed as Idaho's first State Mining Inspector. Haskins was succeeded by Oscar Wallace, son of Colonel Wallace. By that year, Wallace could also boast of the Providence Hospital, "an institution which has no equal of its kind in the state of Idaho, and no superior of its size in the United States."

In 1898, having experienced explosive growth, the city implemented a campaign to become the county seat for Shoshone County. A similar attempt six years earlier had left Wallace a distant third to Murray. This time around, Wallace garnered about three-quarters of the votes cast.

The year 1900 saw Wallace residents looking forward to even more growth from its population of over two thousand. They were proud of their extensive electric light system, substantial amounts of paved streets and the most building activity the city had ever seen.

However, one third of the town of Wallace was destroyed by the Great Fire of 1910, which burned about 3000000 acre in Washington, Idaho, and Montana. Although set back by the devastation, the city soon resumed its growth, aided by strong demand for lead during World War I. After a post-war lull, the industry resumed its growth in the 1920s.

Famous for vice

A mining community with a "work hard, play hard" attitude, Wallace became well known for a permissive approach toward drinking, gambling and decriminalized prostitution. From 1884 to 1991, illegal yet regulated brothel-based sex work openly flourished because locals believed that sex work prevented rape and bolstered the economy, so long as it was regulated and confined to the northeastern part of town. Throughout the rest of the country, progressive era politics drove red-light districts underground, but madams in Wallace enjoyed unprecedented status as influential businesswomen, community leaders, and philanthropists. Between 1940 and 1960, for example, an average of 30 to 60 women came into town to work in one of the five well-established brothels.

Pollution versus jobs

By around 1930, residents downstream from the Coeur d'Alene mines were complaining about water and air pollution. Operators downplayed the issue, but did make a few process concessions. Then the ravages of the Great Depression virtually eliminated the issue for the duration. That was followed by the ramp-up to World War II, which further kept the problems in the background. After the war, the metals industry in the region boomed, reaching a peak by around 1965. Process improvements continued but could not totally alleviate the effluent problems. And practically nothing was done about a half-century of pollution buildup.

Beginning in 1955, the U. S. Congress passed a series of air pollution laws, culminating in the Clean Air Act of 1970. That was followed two years later by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act. That and creation of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) put heavy pressure on mining operations, including those in the Coeur d'Alenes. When the Bunker Hill smelter in Kellogg shut down in 1981, the Silver Valley lost a vast number of jobs, three-quarters of all the regional mining employment by some estimates. Wallace suffered huge cutbacks just like all the other towns in the area. Only the Lucky Friday mine, located about seven miles east of Wallace, near Mullan, remains in operation at this time.

Historic preservation
Through the period of mine closures, Wallace had troubles of its own. In 1956, the Federal government authorized the Interstate Highway System and construction got under way. Then city leaders in Wallace learned that plans for Interstate 90 in Idaho would virtually wipe out the entire downtown. Their response is outlined in a section below. But the key event occurred in 1979, when several blocks of downtown Wallace were listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a historic district, the Wallace Historic District.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.84 sqmi, all of it land.

Climate
Wallace has a continental Mediterranean climate (Köppen Dsb) with warm summers and cold, snowy winters. Winters are relatively moderate for an inland location so far north, although heavy rainfall often occurs when mild Pacific air penetrates inland, as in January 1974 when 14.56 in of precipitation occurred including 3.07 in on the 16th. July 1973 to June 1974 was also the wettest "rain year", receiving 56.27 in, whilst the driest rain year from July 2000 to June 2001 saw only 21.96 in. The most snowfall has been 91.0 in in January 1969; July 1968 to June 1969 also saw the maximum annual snowfall at 167.0 in.

When cold air comes from Canada, temperatures can become severe, with the record low being −31 F on December 30, 1968. The coldest month since records began in 1941 has been January 1949 with an average of 10.5 F; the hottest has been July 2007 with a daily mean of 73.2 F and a mean maximum of 91.1 F.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 784 people, 364 households, and 190 families residing in the city. The population density was 933.3 PD/sqmi. There were 535 housing units at an average density of 636.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 95.9% White, 0.1% African American, 1.0% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.4% from other races, and 2.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.3% of the population.

There were 364 households, of which 20.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.3% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 47.8% were non-families. 42.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.99 and the average family size was 2.66.

The median age in the city was 47.5 years. Residents under the age of 18 comprise 16.1% of the population; 8.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.4% were from 25 to 44; 34.1% were from 45 to 64; and 19.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 52.9% male and 47.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 960 people, 427 households, and 237 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,104.4 PD/sqmi. There were 587 housing units at an average density of 675.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 94.90% White, 2.50% Native American, 0.10% Asian, 0.62% from other races, and 1.88% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.19% of the population.

There were 427 households, out of which 25.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.0% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.3% were non-families. Individuals comprise 39.3% of all households, and 15.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.85.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.9% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 28.4% from 25 to 44, 25.8% from 45 to 64, and 16.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $22,065, and the median income for a family was $33,472. Males had a median income of $25,288 versus $16,429 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,699. About 12.8% of families and 20.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.4% of those under age 18 and 10.5% of those age 65 or over.

Museums
The Wallace District Mining Museum documents and recounts the legacy of over a century of mining history in the region. Mine tours are offered in the Sierra Silver Mine in Wallace and the Crystal Gold Mine in nearby Kellogg.

The Oasis Bordello Museum is dedicated to the history of sex work; housed in a former brothel, curious tourists or nostalgic former patrons can tour the upstairs, which has been preserved as it was when the women left. The former Lux Rooms has been repurposed into a boutique inn, and it also has many elements preserved from its brothel roots, including floor-to-ceiling gold veined mirrors.

The Barnard-Stockbridge Museum, located in the historic Holy Trinity Episcopal Church, displays period memorabilia and photographs maintained by the University of Idaho Barnard-Stockbridge Photograph Collection. The collection consists of large format photographs taken by the studio of Thomas Barnard and Nellie Stockbridge between 1893 and 1965. The collection of photographs is considered the best photographic collection in the Northwest United States and one of the seven best collections in the county.

Events
Regular annual events in Wallace include the Blues Fest, Statehood Day Parade, Huckleberry Festival 5k Walk/Run, Under the Freeway Flea Market, Gyro Days, Center Of The Universe Re-Dedication, Fall for History, Extreme SkiJor, and Home for the Holidays Christmas Festival.

Transportation
Wallace is accessible via Interstate 90 and State Highway 4. The nearest airport is Shoshone County Airport (S83), about 15 mi west, near Smelterville.

In its prime, two railroads served Wallace. The Oregon-Washington Railway & Navigation Co. (Union Pacific) reached Wallace from the west, offering passenger service to Spokane and Portland until about 1958, and freight service to Spokane as late as 1992. The Northern Pacific Railway approached Wallace from the east with its branch over Lookout Pass to the NP mainline at St. Regis, Montana. The former NP depot was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. To avoid demolition during freeway construction, it was moved 300 ft south a decade later in 1986. Now at Sixth and Pine streets, it currently functions as a local railroad museum.

The former NP line was abandoned and removed between St. Regis and Mullan in 1980. Union Pacific continued operating the Wallace-Mullan segment of the NP line until abandoning the entire Plummer-Mullan route in 1992. After abandonment, this segment of former UP and NP lines was developed into a rail trail, the Trail of the Coeur d'Alenes, which runs from east of Mullan through Wallace, to the Washington-Idaho state line west of Plummer.

Several miles to the south, the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad, commonly called the Milwaukee Road, ran transcontinental passenger trains on its Pacific Extension between Chicago and Seattle from 1911 to 1961, with freight trains until 1980. After the Milwaukee Road discontinued and abandoned the route, much of it also became a rail trail, the "Route of the Hiawatha Trail". Currently, it runs from Taft, Montana (near the top of Lookout Pass), descending west to Avery. This trail is at least 15 mi distant at its closest point, but as the nearest large community, Wallace advertises itself as the primary jumping off point for trail users.

Interstate 90
Interstate 90 passes through Wallace on an elevated freeway viaduct, completed in 1991. Until then, I-90 traffic used a surface highway previously designated U.S. Route 10 and used the main city streets through downtown. Wallace had the last traffic light on a coast-to-coast Interstate highway, a fact that is displayed on signage in downtown Wallace proclaiming it to be "The Last Stoplight." In September 1991, the Idaho Department of Transportation moved I-90 to a freeway viaduct above the north side of town. Prior to this, the interstate turned into arterial streets on the western outskirts of town and followed the main road through town before becoming a highway again on Wallace's east side. The section of US-10 through Wallace is now designated Interstate 90 Business.

The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) originally planned to build I-90 as an at-grade freeway. This plan would have demolished most of downtown Wallace. In the 1970s, city leaders listed every building in the downtown on the National Register of Historic Places. The FHWA had to redesign I-90 to bypass downtown because federal law protects historic places from negative effects of highway construction. An elevated viaduct was erected.

Notable people

 * Weldon Heyburn (1852–1912), U.S. Senator (1903–1912)
 * Doris Houck (1921–1965), actress
 * Guy McPherson (b. 1960), scientist and professor specializing in ecological issues
 * Michael Norell (1937–2023) actor and screenwriter
 * Ed Pulaski (1868–1931), forest ranger noted for his heroism in the Great Fire
 * Mike Riley (born 1953), former head football coach at Oregon State and Nebraska
 * Lana Turner (1921–1995), film actress, was born in Wallace and spent her early childhood there

In popular culture
The 1997 film Dante's Peak was shot on location in Wallace, which was portrayed as the fictional town "Dante's Peak" in Washington state, with a large hill just southeast of the town digitally altered to look like a volcano.

On September 25, 2004, Mayor Ron Garitone proclaimed Wallace to be the center of the Universe. Specifically, a sewer access cover was declared to be the precise location of the center of the Universe. A specially made manhole cover was made to mark the spot. It bears the words "Center of the Universe. Wallace, Idaho." This prompted British comedian and writer Danny Wallace to visit Wallace. He wrote about his visit in the book Danny Wallace and the Centre of the Universe, published in 2006. The event is celebrated on the third Saturday of September.

title: Wallace, Idaho


text:
Wardner, Idaho

Wardner is a city in Shoshone County, Idaho, United States. Located in the Silver Valley mining region, the population was 188 at the 2010 census, down from 215 in 2000.

Geography
Wardner is located at 47.52306°N, -116.13417°W (47.523164, -116.134190), at an elevation of 2657 ft above sea level.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.86 sqmi, all of it land.

History
The city was named for Joe or Jim Wardner, an early promoter of the Bunker Hill and Sullivan mine in the 1880s and a seller of corner lots in the city. Born in Wisconsin in 1846, he held various occupations in Arizona, California, Utah, Wisconsin, South Dakota, and Washington state. After his time in the Silver Valley of Idaho, he followed the mining booms to South Africa, British Columbia, and the Klondike; he published his autobiography in 1900 and died in El Paso, Texas in 1905.

In 1892, and again in 1899, angry union miners converged on the Bunker Hill mine during confrontations with mine owners.

Hard rock miners in Shoshone County protested wage cuts with a strike in 1892. After several lost their lives in a shooting war provoked by discovery of a company spy, the U.S. army forced an end to the strike. Hostilities erupted once again in 1899 when, in response to the company firing seventeen men for joining the union, the miners dynamited the Bunker Hill & Sullivan mill. Again, lives were lost, and the army intervened.

The gondola for the Silver Mountain ski resort passes over the town.

2010 census
At the 2010 census there were 188 people in 75 households, including 60 families, in the city. The population density was 218.6 PD/sqmi. There were 118 housing units at an average density of 137.2 /sqmi. The racial makup of the city was 95.2% White, 1.1% Native American, 1.6% Asian, 0.5% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.7%.

Of the 75 households 29.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.0% were married couples living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 12.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 20.0% were non-families. 16.0% of households were one person and 5.3% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 2.62.

The median age was 46 years. 20.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.8% were from 25 to 44; 35.1% were from 45 to 64; and 16.5% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the city was 51.6% male and 48.4% female.

2000 census
At the 2000 census there were 215 people in 88 households, including 60 families, in the city. The population density was 251.1 PD/sqmi. There were 111 housing units at an average density of 129.6 /sqmi. The racial makup of the city was 95.81% White, 0.47% Native American, 0.47% Pacific Islander, 1.40% from other races, and 1.86% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.33%.

Of the 88 households 25.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.8% were non-families. 25.0% of households were one person and 15.9% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.85.

The age distribution was 24.7% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 24.7% from 25 to 44, 30.2% from 45 to 64, and 13.0% 65 or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.1 males.

The median household income was $25,500 and the median family income was $31,563. Males had a median income of $36,071 versus $21,250 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,051. About 14.0% of families and 12.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.8% of those under the age of eighteen and 6.5% of those sixty five or over.

title: Wardner, Idaho


text:
Driggs, Idaho

Driggs is a city in the western United States in eastern Idaho, and is the county seat of Teton County. Part of the Jackson, WY-ID Micropolitan Statistical Area, it is located in Teton Valley, the headwaters of the Teton River. The population was 1,660 at the 2010 census, up from 1,100 in 2000.

Located within city limits is the Driggs-Reed Memorial Airport, a class II airport that can accommodate private aircraft on its 7300 ft runway.

History
The Teton Valley was discovered by John Colter in 1808, a member of the Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804–06). It later became known as Pierre's Hole, in honor of "le grand Pierre" Tivanitagon, and hosted the well-attended 1832 Rendezvous, which was followed by the Battle of Pierre's Hole.

Driggs was founded in 1888 by Benjamin Woodbury Driggs, Jr. and Don Carlos Driggs, whose descendants later moved to Arizona (where most live still), and there founded Western Savings and Loan. John Driggs, a descendant of Don Carlos Driggs, later became the mayor of Phoenix, Arizona in the 1970s.

In 2007, National Geographic magazine listed Driggs as one of the 10 best outdoor recreation destinations in the U.S. The Wall Street Journal posited in 2023 that with the expansion of the Grand Targhee Resort 12 miles away in Alta, Wyoming that Driggs could become the next Jackson Hole (much to the dismay of many of its residents).

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total land area of 2.76 sqmi.

Climate
This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Driggs has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,660 people, 587 households, and 385 families residing in the village. The population density was 601.4 PD/sqmi. There were 873 housing units at an average density of 316.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 73.0% White, 0.5% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.5% Asian, 0.4% Pacific Islander, 23.5% from other races, and 2.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 31.6% of the population.

There were 587 households, of which 40.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.6% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 34.4% were non-families. 22.5% of all of the households were made up of individuals, and 5.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.82 and the average family size was 3.40.

The median age in the city was 30.6 years. 29.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 33.9% were from 25 to 44; 20.5% were from 45 to 64; and 7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 51.4% male and 48.6% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,100 people, 386 households, and 252 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,054.5 PD/sqmi. There were 449 housing units at an average density of 430.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 83.73% White, 0.09% African American, 0.73% Native American, 0.73% Pacific Islander, 13.64% from other races, and 1.09% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 20.55% of the population.

There were 386 households, out of which 38.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.6% were married couples living together, 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.5% were non-families. 23.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.83 and the average family size was 3.44.

The population is spread over various age categories, with 30.5% under the age of 18, 10.8% from 18 to 24, 34.6% from 25 to 44, 15.9% from 45 to 64, and 8.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females, there were 112.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 114.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $33,750, and the median income for a family was $40,469. Males had a median income of $30,703 versus $19,722 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,710. About 7.0% of families and 11.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.8% of those under age 18 and 11.6% of those age 65 or over.

Arts and culture

Sites and events in Driggs include:
 * an art gallery
 * Winter Snowfest, which includes a snow sculpture competition
 * Teton Valley Hot Air Balloon Festival
 * Shakespeare in the Park
 * Plein Air Arts Festival
 * Geotourism Center
 * "Music on Main", a series of free, outdoor musical concerts during the summer
 * SpudFest Family Film and Music Festival at Spud Drive-In Theater (2004-2008)

Parks and recreation
Recreation centers include Driggs Community Center, and an indoor climbing gym, plus a gymnastics gym.

Education
The public schools of Teton County are operated by Teton School District #401, headquartered in Driggs. The county's only traditional high school (Teton High School), middle school and upper elementary school are in Driggs.

College of Eastern Idaho includes this county in its catchment zone; however this county is not in its taxation zone.

Highway

 * [[Image:ID-33.svg|25px]] – SH-33 to Victor (south), and Tetonia (north)

Airports

 * Driggs-Reed Memorial Airport. (IATA: DIJ, ICAO: KDIJ, FAA LID: DIJ)

Notable people

 * Hendrika B. Cantwell (born 1925), clinical professor of pediatrics who advocated for abused and neglected children
 * Jeannine Davis-Kimball (1929–2017), archaeologist
 * Junius Driggs (1907-1994), banker
 * Leon M. Lederman (1922-2018), director of Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; recipient of Nobel Prize in Physics
 * Dawn Wells (1938-2020), actress, lived part time in Driggs. She was the original Mary Ann from Gilligan's Island, and also established SpudFest Family Film & Music Festival in Driggs (2004-2008).

title: Driggs, Idaho


text:
Tetonia, Idaho

Tetonia is a city in Teton County, Idaho, United States, about 50 mi northeast of Idaho Falls, Idaho (center to center) and about 425 mi northwest of Denver, Colorado. The population was 269 at the 2010 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.57 sqmi, all land. Tetonia is located at 43°48′50″N 111°9′35″W, in Teton County Idaho.

Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Tetonia has a warm-summer humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps. The hottest temperature recorded in Tetonia was 98 F on July 15, 1955, while the coldest temperature recorded was -45 F on December 23, 1983.

History
Tetonia was established as an agricultural town in the late 19th century, taking its name from the nearby Teton Range. Many of the businesses previously operating in Haden relocated to Tetonia following the arrival of the Union Pacific railroad.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 269 people, 95 households, and 62 families residing in the city. The population density was 471.9 PD/sqmi. There were 122 housing units at an average density of 214.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 92.2% White, 0.7% Native American, 6.3% from other races, and 0.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.8% of the population.

There were 95 households, of which 46.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.5% were married couples living together, 11.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 34.7% were non-families. 28.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.83 and the average family size was 3.61.

The median age in the city was 35.1 years. 36.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.7% were from 25 to 44; 24.5% were from 45 to 64; and 7.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.7% male and 51.3% female.

Education
Teton County School District #401 is the single school district in the county. Teton High School is the county's sole comprehensive high school.

College of Eastern Idaho includes this county in its catchment zone; however this county is not in its taxation zone.

title: Tetonia, Idaho


text:
Victor, Idaho

Victor is the largest city in Teton County, Idaho, United States. The population was 2,157 at the 2020 census, up from 1,928 in 2010, and 840 from 2000. It is part of the Jackson, WY–ID Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Nearby Teton Pass is accessed south from Victor on State Highway 33, which continues east of the state border as Wyoming Highway 22 to Jackson Hole.

History
Victor was established in 1889 from four existing settlements, namely Trail Creek, Fox Creek, Chapin and Cedron. It was named for George Victor Sherwood, a dedicated mail carrier who delivered the mail despite threats of attacks.

Geography
Victor is located at 43.60306°N, -111.11222°W (43.602945, -111.112343), at an elevation of 6214 ft above sea level.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.65 sqmi, all land. The zip code for Victor is 83455.

Highways

 * [[Image:ID-31.svg|25px]] - SH-31
 * [[Image:ID-33.svg|25px]] - SH-33

2020 census
At the 2020 census there were 2,157 people in 1,128 households in the city. There were 1,012 housing units.

The median age was 32.3 years. 27.9% of residents were under the age of 18. 7.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 36.1% were from 25 to 44; 21.4% were from 45 to 65; 7.7% were 65 or older.

2010 census
At the 2010 census there were 1,928 people in 683 households, including 433 families, in the city. The population density was 560.5 PD/sqmi. There were 853 housing units at an average density of 248.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 79.3% White, 0.5% Black (U.S. Census), 1.0% Native American, 0.5% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 16.9% from other races, and 1.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 22.6%.

Of the 683 households 41.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.7% were married couples living together, 6.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.6% were non-families. 24.0% of households were one person and 4.1% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.82 and the average family size was 3.51.

The median age was 30.6 years. 31.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 43.3% were from 25 to 44; 15.1% were from 45 to 64; and 3.7% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the city was 52.4% male and 47.6% female.

2000 census
At the 2000 census there were 840 people in 293 households, including 205 families, in the city. The population density was 648.5 PD/sqmi. There were 330 housing units at an average density of 254.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 91.31% White, 0.71% Black (U.S. Census), 1.55% Native American, 4.76% from other races, and 1.67% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.71%.

Of the 293 households 39.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.3% were married couples living together, 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.7% were non-families. 22.2% of households were one person and 6.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.87 and the average family size was 3.43.

The age distribution was 31.5% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 37.5% from 25 to 44, 16.3% from 45 to 64, and 7.7% 65 or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.6 males.

The median household income was $42,500 and the median family income was $49,750. Males had a median income of $37,159 versus $25,250 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,740. About 7.0% of families and 8.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.2% of those under age 18 and 7.0% of those age 65 or over.

Climate
According to the Köppen climate classification, Victor has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb).

Education
The public schools in the county are operated by Teton School District #401, headquartered in Driggs. The only traditional high school is Teton High School, also in Driggs. A lower elementary school (K–3) is in Victor, but the district's upper elementary (4–5) and middle school (6–8) are located in Driggs.

College of Eastern Idaho includes this county in its catchment zone; however this county is not in its taxation zone.

Notable people

 * Amanda Otto, dog musher

title: Victor, Idaho


text:
Buhl, Idaho

Buhl is a city located on the old Oregon Trail in the western half of Twin Falls County, Idaho. The population was 4,122 at the time of the 2010 census, up from 3,985 in 2000. It is part of the Twin Falls, Idaho metropolitan area.

U.S. Route 30 passes through Buhl, along the scenic Thousand Springs Scenic Byway from Twin Falls to Bliss. Known as the "Trout Capital of the World," Buhl is the location of numerous hatcheries in the immediate surrounding area, which produce a majority of the rainbow trout consumed in the United States. Clear Springs Foods, located just north of Buhl, processes over 20 million pounds of rainbow trout each year, making it the world's largest producer.

History
Buhl was founded on April 17, 1906. It is named for Frank H. Buhl of Sharon, Pennsylvania, a major investor in a Carey Act project known as the Twin Falls South Side Project, which introduced large-scale irrigation to the Magic Valley in the early 20th century.

Geography
Buhl is located at 42.6°N, -114.76194°W (42.600102, -114.761867), at an elevation of 3770 ft above sea level.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.82 sqmi, all of it land.

Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Buhl has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.

2010 census
At the 2010 census there were 4,122 people in 1,596 households, including 1,029 families, in the city. The population density was 2264.8 PD/sqmi. There were 1,766 housing units at an average density of 970.3 /sqmi. The racial makup of the city was 81.9% White, 0.2% African American, 0.7% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 13.8% from other races, and 3.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 24.9%.

Of the 1,596 households 34.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.9% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 35.5% were non-families. 30.3% of households were one person and 15.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.23.

The median age was 35.4 years. 29.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.9% were from 25 to 44; 22.6% were from 45 to 64; and 17% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.7% male and 51.3% female.

2000 census
At the 2000 census there were 3,985 people in 1,561 households, including 1,045 families, in the city. The population density was 2,367.1 PD/sqmi. There were 1,689 housing units at an average density of 1,003.3 /sqmi. The racial makup of the city was 86.80% White, 0.03% African American, 0.75% Native American, 0.73% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 9.16% from other races, and 2.51% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 15.76%.

Of the 1,561 households 33.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.0% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.0% were non-families. 29.2% of households were one person and 17.8% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.14.

The age distribution was 28.5% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 24.9% from 25 to 44, 18.7% from 45 to 64, and 19.0% 65 or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.1 males.

The median household income was $28,644 and the median family income was $34,242. Males had a median income of $26,069 versus $17,069 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,539. About 9.6% of families and 14.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.6% of those under age 18 and 11.2% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * April McClain-Delaney (born 1964), politician
 * Marjorie Reynolds (1917–1997), actress
 * Eugene Scott (1929–2005), televangelist

title: Buhl, Idaho


text:
Castleford, Idaho

Castleford is a city in Twin Falls County, Idaho, United States. The population was 226 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Twin Falls, Idaho Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
Castleford is located at 42.52028°N, -114.87194°W (42.520254, -114.872040), on the west bank of Salmon Falls Creek.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.09 sqmi, all of it land.

Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Castleford has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 226 people, 90 households, and 48 families residing in the city. The population density was 2511.1 PD/sqmi. There were 103 housing units at an average density of 1144.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 87.6% White, 0.4% Asian, 8.8% from other races, and 3.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 35.0% of the population.

There were 90 households, of which 31.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.1% were married couples living together, 6.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 46.7% were non-families. 37.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 3.56.

The median age in the city was 33.7 years. 26.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 12.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27% were from 25 to 44; 21.7% were from 45 to 64; and 12.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.4% male and 49.6% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 277 people, 95 households, and 62 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,971.5 PD/sqmi. There were 105 housing units at an average density of 1,126.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 80.14% White, 0.36% African American, 1.08% Native American, 0.36% Pacific Islander, 14.08% from other races, and 3.97% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 38.27% of the population.

There were 95 households, out of which 40.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.5% were married couples living together, 13.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.7% were non-families. 27.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.92 and the average family size was 3.60.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 37.9% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 23.8% from 25 to 44, 19.9% from 45 to 64, and 10.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28 years. For every 100 females, there were 83.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 77.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $22,083, and the median income for a family was $26,250. Males had a median income of $22,679 versus $16,875 for females. The per capita income for the city was $9,046. About 32.7% of families and 35.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 48.8% of those under the age of eighteen and 38.2% of those 65 or over.

title: Castleford, Idaho


text:
Filer, Idaho

Filer (FĪ-ler) is a city in Twin Falls County, Idaho, United States. The population was 2,508 at the 2010 census. Filer is located just west of the intersection of U.S. Routes 93 and 30.

History
The city of Filer was named after Walter G. Filer, who served as general manager of the Twin Falls Water and Land Company. The city was established in 1906 as the terminus of the Oregon Short Line branch of Twin Falls. Walter Filer was a mining engineer and surveyor from Sharon, Pennsylvania, who supervised the construction of the Milner diversion dam on the Snake River. Since 1916, the City of Filer has been the home of the Twin Falls County Fair and Rodeo (Magic Valley Stampede).

Geography
Filer is located at 42.56972°N, -114.61139°W (42.569814, -114.611313), at an elevation of 3766 ft above sea level.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.06 sqmi, all of it land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 2,508 people, 951 households, and 653 families residing in the city. The population density was 2366.0 PD/sqmi. There were 1,002 housing units at an average density of 945.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 91.6% White, 0.1% African American, 1.0% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 4.3% from other races, and 2.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11.7% of the population.

There were 951 households, of which 38.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.6% were married couples living together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 31.3% were non-families. 27.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.23.

The median age in the city was 32.5 years. 31.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.1% were from 25 to 44; 23% were from 45 to 64; and 12.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.9% male and 51.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,620 people, 628 households, and 420 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,028.7 PD/sqmi. There were 676 housing units at an average density of 846.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 95.31% White, 0.31% African American, 1.36% Native American, 0.12% Asian, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 1.30% from other races, and 1.48% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.74% of the population.

There were 628 households, out of which 34.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.0% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.0% were non-families. 28.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.19.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 29.0% under the age of 18, 9.3% from 18 to 24, 27.2% from 25 to 44, 19.4% from 45 to 64, and 15.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,336, and the median income for a family was $36,346. Males had a median income of $27,083 versus $20,563 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,443. About 10.4% of families and 13.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.8% of those under age 18 and 13.8% of those age 65 or over.

County fair
The Twin Falls County Fair is located in Filer, occurring in the first week of September. It is the city's biggest attraction.

Notable people

 * Clark Kauffman, farmer and politician.

title: Filer, Idaho


text:
Hansen, Idaho

Hansen is a city in Twin Falls County, Idaho, United States. The population was 1,086 at the 2020 census, and 1,144 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Twin Falls, Idaho Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
Hansen is located at 42.53111°N, -114.30167°W (42.531246, -114.301550).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.38 sqmi, all of it land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,144 people, 395 households, and 293 families residing in the city. The population density was 3010.5 PD/sqmi. There were 430 housing units at an average density of 1131.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 85.0% White, 0.3% African American, 1.2% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 9.8% from other races, and 3.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 16.5% of the population.

There were 395 households, of which 42.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.9% were married couples living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 25.8% were non-families. 22.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.90 and the average family size was 3.40.

The median age in the city was 32 years. 33.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.1% were from 25 to 44; 21.9% were from 45 to 64; and 11.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.7% male and 50.3% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 970 people, 349 households, and 255 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,597.7 PD/sqmi. There were 378 housing units at an average density of 1,012.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 95.77% White, 0.31% African American, 0.82% Native American, 0.31% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 0.62% from other races, and 2.06% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.26% of the population.

There were 349 households, out of which 39.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.4% were married couples living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.9% were non-families. 21.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.78 and the average family size was 3.23.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 31.8% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 27.2% from 25 to 44, 21.1% from 45 to 64, and 10.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $29,125, and the median income for a family was $32,750. Males had a median income of $26,607 versus $18,750 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,339. About 11.7% of families and 15.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.8% of those under age 18 and 20.4% of those age 65 or over.

title: Hansen, Idaho


text:
Hollister, Idaho

Hollister is a city in Twin Falls County, Idaho, United States. The population was 272 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Twin Falls, Idaho Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
Hollister is located at 42.35222°N, -114.58056°W (42.352174, -114.580443), on the east bank of Salmon Falls Creek.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.07 sqmi, all of it land.

Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Hollister has a cold semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps. The hottest temperature recorded in Hollister was 108 F on July 14, 1922, while the coldest temperature recorded was -29 F on January 8, 1937.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 272 people, 92 households, and 64 families residing in the city. The population density was 254.2 PD/sqmi. There were 100 housing units at an average density of 93.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 83.1% White, 0.4% Native American, 12.1% from other races, and 4.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 29.0% of the population.

There were 92 households, of which 38.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.9% were married couples living together, 3.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 30.4% were non-families. 20.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.96 and the average family size was 3.41.

The median age in the city was 39 years. 29.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.1% were from 25 to 44; 26.2% were from 45 to 64; and 15.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.6% male and 50.4% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 237 people, 80 households, and 58 families residing in the city. The population density was 237.6 PD/sqmi. There were 89 housing units at an average density of 89.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 85.23% White, 2.95% Native American, 9.28% from other races, and 2.53% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 18.57% of the population.

There were 80 households, out of which 42.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.8% were married couples living together, 6.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.5% were non-families. 17.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.96 and the average family size was 3.41.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 32.9% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 29.1% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 8.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $27,375, and the median income for a family was $29,688. Males had a median income of $25,313 versus $15,556 for females. The per capita income for the city was $11,870. About 7.8% of families and 11.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under the age of eighteen or sixty five or over.

Education
Hollister Elementary School accommodates students ages K-5. After fifth grade, local students attend school in Filer.

title: Hollister, Idaho


text:
Kimberly, Idaho

Kimberly is a city in Twin Falls County, Idaho, United States. The population was 3,264 at the 2010 census, up from 2,614 in 2000. It is part of the Twin Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Kimberly was founded in 1905. It is named after Peter L. Kimberly, a major investor in the construction of Milner Dam which made commercial irrigation practical in the area.

Geography
Kimberly is located at 42.53306°N, -114.36389°W (42.533169, -114.364022), at an elevation of 3924 ft above sea level.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.61 sqmi, all of it land.

Education
Kimberly is served by the Kimberly School District, designated #414. The district contains Kimberly Elementary School, Stricker Elementary School, Rise Charter School, Kimberly Middle School, and Kimberly High School. The mascot for all schools in the district is the English Bulldog.

The nearest institution of higher education is the College of Southern Idaho, a community college. Situated in Twin Falls, and with a campus in Burley, it provides accessible education for the residents of the Magic Valley.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 3,264 people, 1,123 households, and 835 families residing in the city. The population density was 2027.3 PD/sqmi. There were 1,190 housing units at an average density of 739.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 91.8% White, 0.2% African American, 1.0% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 4.7% from other races, and 2.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12.5% of the population.

There were 1,123 households, of which 44.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.3% were married couples living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 25.6% were non-families. 21.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.87 and the average family size was 3.38.

The median age in the city was 31.9 years. 32.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.8% were from 25 to 44; 21.7% were from 45 to 64; and 11.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.6% male and 50.4% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,614 people, 916 households, and 690 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,187.6 PD/sqmi. There were 965 housing units at an average density of 1,176.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 94.99% White, 0.08% African American, 0.92% Native American, 0.87% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 1.57% from other races, and 1.95% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.93% of the population.

There were 916 households, out of which 40.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.7% were married couples living together, 19.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.7% were non-families. 21.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.80 and the average family size was 3.29.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 33.8% under the age of 19, 5.7% from 20 to 24, 28% from 25 to 44, 18.5% from 45 to 64, and 13.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 95 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $33,906, and the median income for a family was $39,856. Males had a median income of $29,650 versus $19,757 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,545. About 6.7% of families and 8.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.3% of those under age 18 and 6.8% of those age 65 or over.

title: Kimberly, Idaho


text:
Murtaugh, Idaho

Murtaugh is a city in Twin Falls County, Idaho, United States. The population was 115 at the 2010 census, down from 139 in 2000. It is part of the Twin Falls, Idaho Micropolitan Statistical Area.

History
Murtaugh has existed since at least the early 1950s, and is named after Mark Murtaugh, who oversaw a local irrigation project.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.12 sqmi, all of it land.

The community is located at a bend in U.S. Route 30. Murtaugh Lake is south of town on the opposite side of US-30.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 115 people, 43 households, and 30 families residing in the town. The population density was 958.3 PD/sqmi. There were 49 housing units at an average density of 408.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup was 84.3% White, 14.8% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 20.0% of the population.

There were 43 households, of which 32.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.2% were married couples living together, 11.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 30.2% were non-families. 27.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.20.

The median age was 40.8 years. 24.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.6% were from 25 to 44; 30.4% were from 45 to 64; and 14.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup was 53.9% male and 46.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 139 people, 49 households, and 36 families residing in the town. The population density was 939.5 PD/sqmi. There were 51 housing units at an average density of 344.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup was 91.37% White, 0.72% Native American, 5.76% from other races, and 2.16% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.47% of the population.

There were 49 households, out of which 36.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.3% were married couples living together, 6.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.5% were non-families. 24.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.84 and the average family size was 3.39.

The population was spread out, with 32.4% under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 17.3% from 45 to 64, and 18.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 117.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.3 males.

The median household income was $23,929, and the median family income was $25,313. Males had a median income of $21,875 versus $16,250 for females. The per capita income was $9,934. There were 12.8% of families and 15.8% of the population living below the poverty line, including 25.6% of under eighteens and none of those over 64.

title: Murtaugh, Idaho