text:
Yucaipa, California

Yucaipa (Serrano: Yukaipa't) is a city located 10 mi east of San Bernardino, in San Bernardino County, California, United States. The population was 54,542 at the 2020 census, up from 51,367 at the 2010 census. Yucaipa has the distinction of being the longtime home to a large population of Serrano Native Americans.

History

Prior to the Spanish colonization of the Americas and the arrival of European settlers from Mexico, the Yucaipa Valley was known as Yukaipa't, which meant "green valley" in the Serrano American Language. The land was home to the Serrano Native Americans for thousands of years. Today, some of their descendants are enrolled in the San Manuel Band of Mission Indians.

Yucaipa Rancheria
Yucaipa Valley supported a large population of Serrano Native Americans. The fertile valley was watered by springs and creeks running out of the San Bernardino Mountains. The Serrano Americans lived in this location most of the year, but would make excursions into the mountains to gather acorns and other food items during their harvest season. The Rancheria is marked by California Historical Landmark #620.

Yucaipa Adobe
Near the Rancheria is the Yucaipa Adobe, which is believed to be the oldest house in San Bernardino County. Diego Sepúlveda, nephew of Antonio María Lugo, built the Adobe in 1842 on land that was part of the Rancho San Bernardino granted in 1842 to the Lugos. It had formerly been land controlled by San Gabriel Mission. The Rancho suffered losses of cattle and horses from raids by Native Americans coming through Cajon Pass and Banning Pass from the deserts. Eventually, they sold the Rancho to Mormon settlers in September 1851. The Adobe's later owners included John Brown Sr., James W. Waters, and the Dunlap family; it was acquired by San Bernardino County in 1955. The site is marked by California Historical Landmark #528.

The nearby Oak Glen area is best known for its apple orchards, some of which are operated by the direct descendants of the original founders (the Parrish, Wilshire, Rivers, and Law families). The Parrish Pioneer Ranch and orchard were founded by Enoch Parrish in 1876, with the other families coming into the area later.

21st century
At 1:53 p.m. on June 16, 2005, Yucaipa experienced a 4.9 Mw earthquake that was centered four miles (6 km) north of the center of town. It had a maximum Mercalli intensity of VI (Strong) and was felt from downtown Los Angeles to some areas of San Diego. Three people were injured.

In 2016, Yucaipa broke ground on a multipurpose performing arts center on the corner of Acacia Avenue and California Street. Sitting on 2.7 acre in the heart of uptown, the 16,200 ft2 venue hosts a variety of events, including community theater, open-air concerts, dance, and other arts-related events. The performing arts center officially opened in Spring 2019.

Geography
Yucaipa is located in southern California, approximately 72 mi east of Los Angeles. The city is approximately 2600 ft above sea level and is bordered by Redlands to its west and Calimesa to its south. The unincorporated communities of Cherry Valley, Mentone and Oak Glen collectively account for Yucaipa's northernmost outskirts.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 27.8 sqmi, with 0.04 percent being water.

Parks
Yucaipa is home to Yucaipa Regional Park, Flag Hill Veterans Memorial Park, Seventh Street Park, "I" Street Park, Wildwood Park, Yucaipa Community Park, the Bryant Glen Sports Complex, the Rick McCowan Regional Soccer Complex, and Wildwood Canyon State Park.

Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Yucaipa has a Mediterranean climate, abbreviated Csa on climate maps.

2010
At the 2010 census Yucaipa had a population of 51,367. The population density was 1,841.5 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Yucaipa was 40,824 (79.5%) White (65.9% Non-Hispanic White), 837 (1.6%) African American, 485 (0.9%) Native American, 1,431 (2.8%) Asian, 74 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 5,589 (10.9%) from other races, and 2,127 (4.1%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 13,943 persons (27.1%).

The census reported that 50,813 people (98.9% of the population) lived in households, 227 (0.4%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 327 (0.6%) were institutionalized.

There were 18,231 households, 6,996 (38.4%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 9,842 (54.0%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 2,231 (12.2%) had a female householder with no husband present, 1,026 (5.6%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,061 (5.8%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 114 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 4,198 households (23.0%) were one person and 1,970 (10.8%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.79. There were 13,099 families (71.9% of households); the average family size was 3.29.

The age distribution was 13,444 people (26.2%) under the age of 18, 4,489 people (8.7%) aged 18 to 24, 12,536 people (24.4%) aged 25 to 44, 14,064 people (27.4%) aged 45 to 64, and 6,834 people (13.3%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 37.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.5 males.

There were 19,642 housing units at an average density of 704.2 per square mile, of the occupied units 13,503 (74.1%) were owner-occupied and 4,728 (25.9%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 9.0%. 37,165 people (72.4% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 13,648 people (26.6%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
Since the city incorporated in 1989, it has experienced a significant level of growth. At the 2000 census Yucaipa had 41,207 residents, 15,193 households, and 10,680 families. The population density was 1,483.4 PD/sqmi. There were 16,112 housing units at an average density of 580.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup was 85.2% White, 0.9% African American, 1.1% Native American, 1.2% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 8.0% from other races, and 3.5% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos constitute 18.4%.

Of the 15,193 households 35.4% had children under the age of 18; 54.2% were married couples; 11.6% had a female householder; and 29.7% were non-families. 25.3% of households were one person and 13.4% of those were 65 or older. The average household size was 2.7 and the average family size was 3.2.

The age distribution was 28.5% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 27.2% from 25 to 44, 21.2% from 45 to 64, and 15.5% 65 or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.4 males.

The median household income was $39,144 and the median family income was $48,683. Males had a median income of $40,480 versus $25,957 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,949. About 8.8% of families and 11.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.2% of those under age 18 and 7.2% of those age 65 or over.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Yucaipa is in, and in.

In the.

From November 1999, Richard (Dick) D. Riddell was the longest-serving mayor (and the oldest, at age 88) in Yucaipa's history. In November 2012, at the request of newly sworn councilman Bobby Duncan, Denise Hoyt was named the new Mayor. , Yucaipa's City Council was composed of Mayor Greg Bogh, Mayor Pro Tem Bobby Duncan, Councilman David Avila, Councilman Jon Thorp and Councilman Justin Beaver. Beaver was elected to Yucaipa's 4th district as the youngest councilman in the city's history at 32 years of age.

Education
The Yucaipa-Calimesa Joint Unified School District serves both cities, with the following schools:
 * Elementary (K–5): Dunlap, Chapman Heights, Calimesa, Ridgeview, Valley, Wildwood, Inland Leaders Charter School, Competitive Edge Charter Academy
 * Middle school (6–8): Park View Middle School, Mesa View Middle School (in Calimesa), Competitive Edge Charter Academy, Inland Leaders Charter School
 * High school: Yucaipa High School (9-12), Green Valley High School (10-12)

The city is also home to Crafton Hills College, operated by the San Bernardino Community College District.

Public safety
The San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department serves Yucaipa—including the nearby unincorporated towns of Mentone, Oak Glen, Forest Falls, Angelus Oaks, and Mountain Home Village—from its regional station at 34282 Yucaipa Boulevard (a larger replacement opened on July 1, 2014, next to City Hall at 34144 Yucaipa Boulevard). Since there is no official jail facility at this station, suspects are booked at either Central Jail in downtown San Bernardino or the West Valley Detention Center in Rancho Cucamonga.

Yucaipa has contracted operation of its fire department to the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (now known as "Cal Fire") which serves the city from three stations: the 33000 block of Yucaipa Boulevard, Bryant Street (in the "North Bench" area), and the southwest corner of Fifth Street and Wildwood Canyon Road. Cal-Fire also provides paramedic level emergency medical service while patient transport by ground is handled by American Medical Response.

California Historical Landmark
Marker at the site reads:
 * NO. 620 YUCAIPA RANCHERIA - Yucaipa Valley supported a large population of Serrano Indians. The fertile valley was watered by springs and creeks. The Indians called this area 'Yucaipat' which meant 'wet lands.' These Native Americans lived at this village site most of the year, with occasional excursions to the mountains to gather acorns and other food items during the harvesting season.

Marker at the site reads:
 * NO. 528 YUCAIPA ADOBE - Constructed in 1842 by Diego Sepúlveda, nephew of Antonio María Lugo, this is believed to be the oldest house in San Bernardino County. The land, formerly controlled by San Gabriel Mission, was part of the Rancho San Bernardino granted to the Lugos in 1842. The adobe's later owners included John Brown Sr., James W. Waters, and the Dunlap family, it was acquired by San Bernardino County in 1955.

Notable people

 * Susan Anton - Miss California 1969, singer and actress
 * Matt Carson - professional baseball player
 * Tyler Chatwood - professional baseball player for the Toronto Blue Jays
 * Matt Davidson - professional baseball player
 * Noble Johnson - actor
 * May Montoya Jones - writer, lecturer
 * Corky Miller - professional baseball player
 * Lois Rodden - astrologer, author of Data News
 * Mark Teahen - professional baseball player
 * Taijuan Walker - professional baseball player

title: Yucaipa, California


text:
Yucca Valley, California

Yucca Valley is an incorporated town in San Bernardino County, California, United States. The population was 21,738 as of the 2020 census. Yucca Valley lies 20 mi north of Palm Springs, and 49 mi east of San Bernardino. Bordered to the south by the Joshua Tree National Park and to the west by the San Bernardino Mountains, the town of Yucca Valley is located in the Mojave Desert at roughly 3300 ft above sea level.

History
Native Americans inhabited the area.

Norman J. Essig was key in the late 1950s in working towards establishing Yucca Valley as a place for entertainment celebrities to come and live in privacy. He personally acquired hundreds of acres of land during this time and owned and ran Glenn Realty. He helped to put in the main roads that are running throughout the town off of Hwy 62. He was personal friends with Jimmy Van Heusen the composer and gave him prime real estate in Yucca Valley to build his house which can still be seen atop the highest hill in the center of the town.

In 1992, three large earthquakes occurred near the city, the magnitude 6.1 Joshua Tree earthquake on April 22, and on June 28 the 7.3 Landers and 6.5 Big Bear earthquakes.

The 7.1 magnitude Hector Mine earthquake on October 16, 1999, had an epicenter 30 mi north of town.

On July 11, 2006, a wildfire started by lightning raced through neighboring Pioneertown. The blaze, named the Sawtooth Complex fire, also burned into Yucca Valley and nearby Morongo Valley and destroyed roughly 64,000 acres of desert landscape.

Geography
Yucca Valley lies in the middle of the Morongo Basin at a base elevation of 3,300 feet. Joshua Tree National Park is adjacent to its southern border.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 40.0 sqmi. All of it is land and none of it is covered in water. Yucca Valley is located north of the Joshua Tree National Park, while the Little San Bernardino Mountains and many hills cover a large percentage of city area.

This High Desert community has an elevation (city hall) at 3224 ft above sea level. Snowfall occurs almost annually whenever the snow level drops to elevations under 4000 ft. The area's terrain is prone to wildfires (such as the Pioneertown fire in July 2006), resulting from plant growth during the rainy seasons and flash floods. The plants within the town and among the chaparral in the mountains outside of the San Bernardino National Forest wilt and perish from the summer heat, providing ample fuel during a fire.

Yucca Valley has experienced high levels of seismic activity. Fault lines criss-cross the town and the Morongo basin.

Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Yucca Valley has a cold desert climate, abbreviated "BWk" on climate maps.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Yucca Valley had a population of 20,700. The population density was 517.3 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Yucca Valley was 17,280 (83.5%) White (73.7% Non-Hispanic White), 666 (3.2%) African American, 232 (1.1%) Native American, 469 (2.3%) Asian, 44 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 1,185 (5.7%) from other races, and 824 (4.0%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3,679 persons (17.8%).

The Census reported that 20,481 people (98.9% of the population) lived in households, 166 (0.8%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 53 (0.3%) were institutionalized.

There were 8,274 households, out of which 2,512 (30.4%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 3,661 (44.2%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 1,116 (13.5%) had a female householder with no husband present, 477 (5.8%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 604 (7.3%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 83 (1.0%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 2,387 households (28.8%) were made up of individuals, and 1,163 (14.1%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48. There were 5,254 families (63.5% of all households); the average family size was 3.03.

The population was spread out, with 4,937 people (23.9%) under the age of 18, 1,772 people (8.6%) aged 18 to 24, 4,676 people (22.6%) aged 25 to 44, 5,495 people (26.5%) aged 45 to 64, and 3,820 people (18.5%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.1 males.

There were 9,558 housing units at an average density of 238.9 /sqmi, of which 5,256 (63.5%) were owner-occupied, and 3,018 (36.5%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 4.6%; the rental vacancy rate was 9.6%. 12,220 people (59.0% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 8,261 people (39.9%) lived in rental housing units.

According to the 2010 United States Census, Yucca Valley had a median household income of $42,962, with 17.0% of the population living below the federal poverty line.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 16,865 people, 6,949 households, and 4,489 families residing in the town. The population density was 421.3 PD/sqmi. There were 7,952 housing units at an average density of 198.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 87.3% White, 2.3% African American, 1.4% Native American, 1.3% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 4.6% from other races, and 3.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11.4% of the population.

There were 6,949 households, out of which 27.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.1% were married couples living together, 13.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.4% were non-families. 30.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.4 and the average family size was 2.9.

In the town 25.1% of the population was under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 22.6% from 25 to 44, 22.4% from 45 to 64, and 22.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The average number in the US over 65 was 12.4%. The median age was 42 years, at a time when the average age in the US was 35.3. For every 100 females, there were 90.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.1 males.

Personal income
The median income for a household in the town was $30,420, and the median income for a family was $36,650. Males had a median income of $35,037 versus $25,234 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,020, lower than most of Southern California. About 16.2% of families and 19.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.3% of those under age 18 and 9.3% of those age 65 or over.

Employment
Yucca Valley has the Twentynine Palms Base (US Marine Corps) 20 miles to the east and the Morongo Basin is home to temporary residents who work on the base.

Tourism

Yucca Valley borders Joshua Tree National Park. Amenities include a bowling alley, various retail stores and an "Old Town" area. The Sky Village weekend open-air market is another popular attraction. On Grubstakes Day, held the day before Memorial Day, there is a parade.

Old Town Yucca Valley is located on Highway 62 at the intersection of Pioneertown Road. The California Welcome Center is located at 56711 Twentynine Palms Highway in Yucca Valley; it provides information on where to stay, eat and play while in the area.

Yucca Valley is home to the Desert Christ Park sculpture garden, as well as the geoglyph "Atlatl", created by artist Andrew Rogers.

Municipal
Yucca Valley is governed by a Town Council. The community's Mayor is Robert Lombardo. Other town council members are Mayor pro tem Jeff Drozd and Council Members Merl Abel, Jim Schooler and Rick Denison.

Yucca Valley contracts its police and public safety services from the San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department. Fire suppression and ambulance services are provided by the San Bernardino County Fire Department and Cal Fire.

State and federal
In the California State Legislature, Yucca Valley is in, and in the 42nd Assembly District, represented by Independent Chad Mayes.

In the United States House of Representatives, Yucca Valley is in.

Education
Public education in Yucca Valley is under the administration of the Morongo Unified School District. Yucca Valley has three neighborhood elementary schools (Onaga Elementary, Yucca Mesa Elementary, and Yucca Valley [Hope] Elementary), one middle school (La Contenta Middle School), and two high schools (Yucca Valley High School and Black Rock Continuation High School).

Private schools in Yucca Valley include Our Lady of the Desert, a Christian school for K–12; Valley Community Chapel School and Daycare offering Preschool, Kindergarten and before and after school Daycare; Joshua Springs Christian School, non-denominational affiliation for PK–12; Grace Christian School, Brethren affiliation for K–12; Hi-Desert SDA Elementary, a 1–6, Seventh Day Adventist affiliation school; and Yucca Valley Christian School, affiliated with The Assembly of God, for PK–12. Hope Academy lost its charter with the Morongo Unified School District in 2016 and was unable to find another charter and subsequently closed. Adult tutoring is also available in Yucca Valley, with tutoring information available at the Yucca Valley Public Library.

Transportation
Yucca Valley has two major means of highway access; California State Route 62 (Twentynine Palms Highway) runs east–west and is the main thoroughfare through town and terminates at the south end at Interstate 10 and Parker Dam on the Arizona border at the east end. California State Route 247 (Old Woman Springs Road) begins in Yucca Valley and extends north through Barstow and terminates at Interstate 15. The Morongo Basin Transit Authority (MBTA) serves the area with scheduled bus service around town and the lower desert. The service connects passengers to the Palm Springs International Airport direct bus lines to Los Angeles. The area is served locally by the Yucca Valley Airport.

Media
Yucca Valley is served by the bi-weekly Hi Desert Star newspaper.

There are several commercial radio stations with studios located in the Coachella Valley (Palm Springs) with local broadcast signals located in the Morongo Basin.
 * 91.7 KHCS (Christian) broadcasts on 92.1,
 * 92.1 KXCM (country) broadcasts on 96.3,
 * 94.3 KNWZ "K-News" on 103.7 FM and 1250 AM,
 * 106.9 KDGL (70s-90s hits)
 * 106.1 KPLM (country)

There is one local station on 107.7 KCDZ (z107) with studios located in Joshua Tree.

There are several county run television repeaters (from Palm Springs, Riverside/San Bernardino and Greater Los Angeles) broadcasting from Pinto Mountain south of Twentynine Palms that can be received in the Yucca Mesa area but not in the city proper. Television service (and high speed cable internet) in town is provided by Charter Spectrum. WISP (wireless internet service provider) is offered from Mojave WiFi, Frontier and Flashbyte Digital.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Yucca Valley, California


text:
Alpine, California

Alpine is a census-designated place (CDP) in the Cuyamaca Mountains of San Diego County, California. Alpine had a population of 14,696 at the 2020 census, up from 14,236 at the 2010 census. The town is largely surrounded by the Cleveland National Forest and borders two reservations of the Kumeyaay Nation, Viejas and Sycuan, and the rural unincorporated areas around the city of El Cajon.

History
Before its modern settlement, the area was part of the home of the Kumeyaay Indians, whose ancestors had lived here for possibly as long as 12,000 years.

The community's name was suggested by a resident in the 1880s who said that the environment reminded her of her native country of Switzerland.

The small commercial district along Alpine Boulevard has seen some suburban development in recent decades, and it is surrounded by large stretches of less densely populated rural areas that began in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Horse ranches and small farms are still common, along with open chaparral hillsides and riparian canyons.

In 2003, the Cedar Fire ravaged the Alpine area.

Geography
Alpine sits on both sides of Interstate 8 at the eastern extent of the California coastal region and the western extent of the Peninsular Ranges, about 30 mi east of downtown San Diego, at an elevation of about 2000 ft.

The location of Alpine is not precisely defined since it is an unincorporated area. According to the United States Geological Survey, it is at 32.835°N, -116.76639°W (32.8350521, -116.7664109), which is near the intersection of Alpine Boulevard and Tavern Road. That is approximately where most maps place Alpine. Kumeyaay tribes are indigenous to the area, and the Ewiiaapaayp Band and Viejas Band of Kumeyaay Indians both have headquarters in Alpine.

According to the United States Census Bureau, it is at 32.83444°N, -116.77056°W (32.834563, -116.770615), which is approximately 1200 ft west of the USGS location. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 26.8 sqmi, 99.99% land and 0.01% water.

Viejas Mountain is the highest peak in the area, at 4,189 ft.

Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Alpine has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csa" on climate maps. Summers are warm and dry, and winters are cool with moderate precipitation. Temperatures are more extreme than coastal San Diego, similar to nearby El Cajon and Ramona, and less extreme than the nearby mountain and desert regions, such as Julian.

Rainfall averages 16.05 in per year, falling mostly from November to March, with numerous microclimates and annual variation. Rainfall amounts can vary greatly from month to month, or from year to year.

Average January temperatures range from the low 60s in the day to the low 40s at night. Average July temperatures range from upper 80s to the low 90s in the day to the low 60s at night. Highs of over 105 F in the summer and lows of under 35 F in the winter are occasional, particularly in the northern section of Alpine, on the slopes of Viejas Mountain.

Snowfall is very rare within the town of Alpine, with trace amounts falling once out of every two to three winters. However, light snow commonly falls each winter at elevations above 3,000 ft.

2010
At the 2010 census Alpine had a population of 14,236. The population density was 531.5 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Alpine was 12,424 (87.3%) White, 167 (1.2%) African American, 222 (1.6%) Native American, 319 (2.2%) Asian, 39 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 576 (4.0%) from other races, and 489 (3.4%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2,081 persons (14.6%).

The census reported that 14,098 people (99.0% of the population) lived in households, 136 (1.0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 2 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 5,248 households, 1,932 (36.8%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 3,120 (59.5%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 515 (9.8%) had a female householder with no husband present, 268 (5.1%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 283 (5.4%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 39 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 1,048 households (20.0%) were one person and 433 (8.3%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.69. There were 3,903 families (74.4% of households); the average family size was 3.09.

The age distribution was 3,403 people (23.9%) under the age of 18, 1,164 people (8.2%) aged 18 to 24, 3,133 people (22.0%) aged 25 to 44, 4,583 people (32.2%) aged 45 to 64, and 1,953 people (13.7%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 41.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.6 males.

There were 5,536 housing units at an average density of 206.7 per square mile, of the occupied units 3,597 (68.5%) were owner-occupied and 1,651 (31.5%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 6.3%. 9,935 people (69.8% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 4,163 people (29.2%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 13,143 people, 4,775 households, and 3,652 families in the CDP. The population density was 489.1 PD/sqmi. There were 4,958 housing units at an average density of 184.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 90.8% White, 0.8% African American, 1.2% Native American, 2.0% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 2.9% from other races, and 2.2% from two or more races. 10.2% of the population were Hispanic (U.S. Census) or Latino of any race. Of the 4,775 households 36.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.5% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.5% were non-families. 17.3% of households were one person and 7.0% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.06.

The age distribution was 26.0% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 29.3% from 25 to 44, 26.6% from 45 to 64, and 11.1% 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.6 males.

The median household income was $61,832 and the median family income was $69,821. Males had a median income of $51,444 versus $31,891 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $29,523. About 4.9% of families and 6.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.6% of those under age 18 and 4.3% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Alpine is home to the Alpine Union School District, which manages Liberty Charter High School, Joan MacQueen Middle School, Boulder Oaks Elementary School, Shadow Hills Elementary School, and Creekside Early Learning Center.

Government
In the California State Legislature Alpine is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Alpine is in.

Notable people

 * Being as an Ocean, melodic hardcore band
 * Trenton Brooks, current Major League Baseball first baseman for the San Francisco Giants
 * Sheldon Creed, off-road racing driver and NASCAR driver
 * Marcus Giles, former Major League Baseball second baseman
 * Mark Grant, former Major League Baseball pitcher and San Diego Padres announcer
 * Duncan D. Hunter, former United States Representative
 * Duncan L. Hunter, former United States Representative
 * Kyle Strait, Mountain Biker and trail builder
 * Alex Vesia, current Major League Baseball pitcher for the Los Angeles Dodgers.
 * Cole Whitt, NASCAR driver

title: Alpine, California


text:
Bonita, California

Bonita (Spanish for "Beautiful") is a census-designated place (CDP) in southern San Diego County, California, nestled between the cities of Chula Vista, National City, and San Diego. The population was 12,538 at the 2010 census.

Geography
Bonita is located at 32.65842°N, -117.03534°W.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Bonita has a total area of 5.1 sqmi. 5.0 sqmi of it is land and 0.1 sqmi of it (2.71%) is water.

While Bonita is politically designated as an unincorporated community, bounded by the incorporated cities of Chula Vista, San Diego and National City, it is closely associated with the geography of the Lower Sweetwater Valley. Thus considered, Bonita occupies about a five-mile (8 kilometer) stretch of the Sweetwater River, its valley, and surrounding hills on either side, bounded upstream (east) by the Sweetwater Reservoir, and downstream (west) effectively by Interstate 805. The community crosses west of I-805—an area less than 160 acre—reaching as far south and west as East H Street and Hilltop Drive. Its northern boundary is State Route 54 and its southern extent reaches approximately one-mile (1.6 km) south of the river.

Large portions of modern Bonita consist of housing tracts built throughout the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, including:
 * Bonita Verde Estates
 * Bonita Downs
 * Bonita Fairways
 * Bonita Glen
 * Bonita Highlands
 * Bonita Long Canyon
 * Bonita Woods
 * Bonita Woods Park
 * Emerald Ranch
 * Lynwood Hills
 * Ames Ranch
 * Villas de Bonita
 * Rancho Robinhood

The Bonita area is populated by coyote, racoon, fox, rabbit, squirrel, bobcat, opossum, and skunk, among other wildlife.

History
Before the arrival of the Spanish, Kumeyaay lived in the area around Sweetwater Valley, and called it Apusquel. After the establishment of Mission San Diego de Alcalá, the valley was used for cattle raising but was not significantly settled. After gaining independence from the Spanish Empire, the valley became part of a land grant awarded to John (Don Juan) Forster. The word Bonita is a feminine word for "pretty" in the Spanish language. It was the name of a ranch owned by Henry Ernest Cooper, Sr. in 1884, and was used by the nearby post office. The ranch itself was used to cultivate lemons, which were first grown in the area beginning in 1871. During the early years lemon industry was thriving, where it became the originator of the Bonnie Brae Lemon variety, named after the first lemon ranch in the community.

In 1888, the Sweetwater Dam was built, creating the Sweetwater Reservoir and forever changing the geography of the region. Soon after, in 1906, the dam broke as a result of extensive rains which overfilled the reservoir, and the Lower Sweetwater Valley was completely flooded.

Bonita has experienced minor flooding throughout history, generally as a result of high seasonal rains attributed to El Niño. The floods most affect the Central Avenue river crossing, as no bridge has ever been built, unlike the Bonita Road and Willow Road crossings which are bridges, the former of which was rebuilt in the late 1990s.

In the 1990s and 2000s, the development of State Route 125 (The South Bay Expressway) became a major issue to Bonita residents, much as Interstate 805 and State Route 54 did during their development. Opponents argued that Bonita's rural nature would be compromised without benefit while proponents argued that the highway would reduce the significant increase in surface-street car traffic the community had seen since the 1980s when the eastern Chula Vista communities surrounding Eastlake were developed. The tollway opened in November 2007 and sought Chapter 11 bankruptcy on March 22, 2010, when the cost of litigation over the construction of the road threatened to overwhelm its ability to operate and pay off its loans. On April 14, 2011, South Bay Expressway LP emerged from bankruptcy, and in a closed session on July 29, 2011, the SANDAG board of directors voted to purchase the lease to operate the State Route 125 toll road for approximately $345 million.

In 2007, Glen Abbey Memorial Park was declared a historic district, having been designed by architects who also worked on Balboa Park, and other landscapes and architectures that are significant to the history of San Diego. It is one of only three historic districts in unincorporated San Diego County.

The Bonita Historical Society, which operates the Bonita Museum & Cultural Center, is the principal repository of historical information for the Lower Sweetwater Valley.

Climate
The climate in Bonita is a combination of the coastal and inland valley climates of San Diego County: warmer (and sunnier during the May Gray and June Gloom periods) than areas directly adjacent to San Diego Bay or the coast, but not as hot as communities in inland valleys such as El Cajon, or even nearby Spring Valley. In summer, Bonita's climate is pleasant.

Government
In the San Diego County Board of Supervisors, Bonita is in District 1, which is represented by Nora Vargas.

In the California State Senate, Bonita is in California's 40th State Senate district. In the California State Assembly, Bonita is split between, and.

In the United States House of Representatives, Bonita is in.

Educational institutions
The following districts serve the local Bonita community:

Elementary schools
Chula Vista Elementary School District
 * Ella B. Allen Elementary School
 * Sunnyside Elementary School
 * Tiffany Elementary School (Chula Vista)
 * Valley Vista Elementary School

Middle and high school
Sweetwater Union High School District
 * Bonita Vista Middle School (Chula Vista)
 * Bonita Vista High School (Chula Vista)

Community college
Southwestern Community College District
 * Southwestern College (Chula Vista)

Parks and recreation

Bonita is considered a rural and equestrian enclave in the middle of suburbia.

To visitors and residents alike, one of the most visible features of Bonita's recreational life is the walking trail that loops the Chula Vista Municipal Golf Course in central Bonita. Hundreds of residents walk, run, and ride this trail every day for pleasure and fitness, and the trail has become a vital component of Bonita's life for many residents. During El Nino years, this golf course and surrounding walking trails have flooded, closing the golf course and preventing many residents from using the walking trails.

In the late 1990s, the Sweetwater Regional Park was expanded and significantly improved, extending the walking and equestrian trails to an even greater number, and introducing a camping area at Summit Meadow Road. Now, virtually the entire valley from the reservoir to I-805 formally serves recreational purposes as either park or golf course. Sweetwater County Park, at the intersection of Briarwood Road and Sweetwater Road, is a wildlife preserve with a small pond that supports some fishing.

Equestrianism has long been a part of the Bonita community, and many trails exist throughout the Lower Sweetwater Valley. There are several connections to trails external to Bonita as well. Many residents still keep their own horses and can be seen riding the trails regularly. The Bonita Valley Trails organization monitors and supports the network of trails throughout the valley.

The following parks serve the Bonita community:
 * Rohr Park
 * Sweetwater Regional Park
 * Sweetwater County Park
 * Sweetwater Reservoir Riding and Hiking Trail
 * Bonita Golf Course
 * Chula Vista Municipal Golf Course

Events
Bonitafest is an annual community event, held in early autumn, highlighted by a parade and street fair along Bonita Road which includes crafts, music, entertainment, and food. The Kiwanis Club hosts a Bonitafest Golf Tournament in conjunction with this event. At this time, there is also an annual community play called the Bonitafest Melodrama, co-founded by Max Branscomb in the 1970s. In 2008, Bonita did not have enough funds to pay for traffic police to redirect traffic during the parade, so no parade was held during the Bonitafest.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Bonita had a population of 12,538. The population density was 2,441.5 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Bonita was 8,382 (66.9%) White (43.0% non-Hispanic White), 466 (3.7%) African American, 109 (0.9%) Native American, 1,200 (9.6%) Asian, 80 (0.6%) Pacific Islander, 1,681 (13.4%) from other races, and 620 (4.9%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5,106 persons (40.7%).

The Census reported that 12,505 people (99.7% of the population) lived in households, 33 (0.3%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 4,288 households, out of which 1,401 (32.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 2,602 (60.7%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 510 (11.9%) had a female householder with no husband present, 203 (4.7%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 170 (4.0%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 25 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 767 households (17.9%) were made up of individuals, and 408 (9.5%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.92. There were 3,315 families (77.3% of all households); the average family size was 3.26.

The population was spread out, with 2,612 people (20.8%) under the age of 18, 1,126 people (9.0%) aged 18 to 24, 2,706 people (21.6%) aged 25 to 44, 3,753 people (29.9%) aged 45 to 64, and 2,341 people (18.7%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.9 males. For every 100 females aged 18 and over, there were 91.8 males.

There were 4,477 housing units at an average density of 871.8 /sqmi, of which 3,136 (73.1%) were owner-occupied, and 1,152 (26.9%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.1%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.5%. 9,125 people (72.8% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 3,380 people (27.0%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
census, there were 12,401 people, 4,179 households, and 3,397 families residing in Bonita. The population density was 2,533.3 PD/sqmi. There were 4,281 housing units at an average density of 874.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 71.99% White, 3.11% African American, 0.56% Native American, 8.54% Asian, 0.31% Pacific Islander, 10.64% from other races, and 4.84% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 30.47% of the population.

There were 4,179 households, out of which 35.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.4% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.7% were non-families. 14.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.94 and the average family size was 3.22.

In Bonita, the population was spread out, with 24.4% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 25.5% from 25 to 44, 28.3% from 45 to 64, and 14.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.1 males. For every 100 females aged 18 and over, there were 92.2 males.

The median income as of 2010 for a household in the CDP was $84,526. Males had a median income of $75,495 versus $63,653 for females. The per capita income for Bonita was $67,131. About 2.1% of families and 3.7 of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.2% of those under age 18 and 2.0% of those aged 65 or over.

Bonita is primarily served by three elementary K-6 schools in Chula Vista Elementary School District: Ella B. Allen, Sunnyside, and Valley Vista. As of the 2007–08 school year, 1291 students were enrolled in these schools; their combined demographic makeup was 54.1% Hispanic, 23.5% non-Hispanic White, 5.7% Filipino, 3.8% African American, 1.5% Asian, 1.2% Native American, 0.8% Pacific Islander. 9.4% belonged to multiple races or declined to state the race.

Like many communities in the southwestern United States, Bonita could go through the process of hispanicization. According to 2008 SANDAG estimates, between 2000 and 2008, the number of Whites in Bonita dropped by 8%, and the number of Blacks, by 17%. At the same time, the Hispanic population in the community grew by 26%. Hispanics now constitute the majority of the population of Bonita in all age cohorts under 40; they are far outnumbered (by a factor of 2 or more) in age cohorts over 50.

Notable people

 * Andrew Cunanan, American spree killer, lived briefly in Bonita as a child.

title: Bonita, California


text:
Bonsall, California

Bonsall is a census-designated place (CDP) in San Diego County, California. The population was 3,982 at the 2010 census, up from 3,401 at the 2000 census.

The Bonsall area was heavily affected by the Lilac Fire in December 2017, which burned 4,100 acres.

Name
The area known as Bonsall was originally called Mount Fairview and had a post office by that name from December 28, 1871, to December 28, 1880. It received a post office in 1881 under the name Osgood, after California Southern Railroad chief engineer Joseph O. Osgood; the renaming was supposedly an unsuccessful attempt to convince Osgood to build the railroad through the San Luis Rey River Valley (the rail line eventually followed the Santa Margarita River instead). Following a contest, the town was renamed Bonsall in 1890, after local minister James A. Bonsall.

Geography
Bonsall is just east of Oceanside and Camp Pendleton, north of Vista and northwest of Hidden Meadows.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 13.6 sqmi. The 13.4 sqmi is land whereas 0.2 sqmi or (1.28%) is water.

2010
At the 2010 census Bonsall had a population of 3,982. The population density was 293.5 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Bonsall was 3,194 (80.2%) White, 67 (1.7%) African American, 28 (0.7%) Native American, 138 (3.5%) Asian, 10 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 376 (9.4%) from other races, and 169 (4.2%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 893 people (22.4%).

The census reported that 3,967 people (99.6% of the population) lived in households, 15 (0.4%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and no one was institutionalized.

There were 1,542 households, 451 (29.2%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 873 (56.6%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 150 (9.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 62 (4.0%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 93 (6.0%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 12 (0.8%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 337 households (21.9%) were one person and 109 (7.1%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.57. There were 1,085 families (70.4% of households); the average family size was 2.99.

The age distribution was 844 people (21.2%) under the age of 18, 278 people (7.0%) aged 18 to 24, 913 people (22.9%) aged 25 to 44, 1,262 people (31.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 685 people (17.2%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 44.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.6 males.

There were 1,683 housing units at an average density of 124.0 per square mile, of the occupied units 1,112 (72.1%) were owner-occupied and 430 (27.9%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.6%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.2%. 2,815 people (70.7% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,152 people (28.9%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 3,401 people, 1,285 households, and 947 families in the CDP. The population density was 252.4 PD/sqmi. There were 1,357 housing units at an average density of 100.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 84.00% White, 0.85% African American, 0.38% Native American, 2.76% Asian, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 9.73% from other races, and 2.15% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 21.43%.

Of the 1,285 households 28.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.6% were married couples living together, 8.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.3% were non-families. 19.8% of households were one person and 7.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.02.

The age distribution was 23.2% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 26.1% from 25 to 44, 27.1% from 45 to 64, and 16.5% 65 or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.7 males.

The median household income was $60,625 and the median family income was $61,761. Males had a median income of $43,250 versus $29,688 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $35,942. About 6.5% of families and 6.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.4% of those under age 18 and 6.0% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Bonsall is served by the Bonsall Unified School District consisting of three elementary schools, a middle school, and a high school. Joseph Clevenger has served as superintendent since July 1, 2021.

Politics
In the California State Legislature, Bonsall is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Bonsall is in.

In June 1988, Bonsall-area voters defeated a ballot initiative to create a Community Services District ("CSD") after opponents argued that the boundaries included too many county taxpayers who more closely associated with neighboring cities Vista and Fallbrook rather than the unincorporated Bonsall community.

title: Bonsall, California


text:
Borrego Springs, California

Borrego Springs (borrego is Spanish for "sheep") is a census-designated place (CDP) in northeastern San Diego County, California. The population was 4,031 at the 2020 census, up from 3,429 at the 2010 census, and 2,535 at the 2000 census, including both seasonal and year-round residents. Borrego Springs is surrounded by Anza-Borrego State Park, California's largest state park.

The village of Borrego Springs is recognized as a designated International Dark Sky Community by the International Dark-Sky Association (IDA). Borrego Springs has no stoplights, and nighttime lighting is kept to a minimum to protect the view of the night sky. Borrego Springs is about 90 mi from downtown San Diego. The International Dark-Sky Association designated it as California's first International Dark-Sky Community. It is a center for public astronomy activities throughout the year. Borrego Springs has pueblo-style, modern architecture and ranch-style house architecture. A local landmark is the traffic roundabout between the airport and downtown, Christmas Circle. The town includes a branch of the San Diego County Library.

History
Anza-Borrego State Park's name is derived from Juan Bautista de Anza, who notably camped there, and "borrego", which is Spanish for "lamb", in honor of the local herds of bighorn sheep. The area east of town was the site of a vast World War II US Navy training center, the Borrego Valley Maneuver Area, with supporting camps and airstrips.

Geography and ecology
Borrego Springs is on the floor of the Borrego Valley, which lies at the Sonoran Desert ecoregion's western edge. The village and surrounding countryside have a wide variety of desert flora and fauna. One iconic species found in the Borrego Springs area is the California Fan Palm, Washingtonia filifera, a lower risk/near-threatened species and the only palm native to the western United States. An abandoned calcite mine, dating to World War II, is on the northeast slope of the Santa Rosa Mountains in the state park.

Climate
Borrego Springs has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification: BWh). There are an average of 176.6 days with highs of 90 °F or higher and an average of only 1.4 days with lows of 32 °F or lower. The record high temperature was 122 °F on June 25, 1990. The record low temperature was 20 °F on January 5, 1971. The average annual precipitation is 5.21 in and there are an average of 22.2 days with measurable precipitation. The wettest year was 1983, with 18.28 in, and the driest was 1953, with 1.35 in. The most rainfall in one month was 8.78 in in January 1993. The most rainfall in 24 hours was 2.73 in on August 17, 1977. Although snow rarely falls in the lowlands, 6.5 inches fell in December 1967.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Borrego Springs had a population of 3,429. The population density was 79.0 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Borrego Springs was 2,766 (80.7%) White, 20 (0.6%) African American, 34 (1.0%) Native American, 22 (0.6%) Asian, 5 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 500 (14.6%) from other races, and 82 (2.4%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1,218 persons (35.5%).

The Census reported that 3,429 people (100% of the population) lived in households, 0 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 1,571 households, out of which 283 (18.0%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 828 (52.7%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 82 (5.2%) had a female householder with no husband present, 57 (3.6%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 85 (5.4%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 13 (0.8%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 507 households (32.3%) were made up of individuals, and 262 (16.7%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.18. There were 967 families (61.6% of all households); the average family size was 2.76.

The population was spread out, with 592 people (17.3%) under the age of 18, 165 people (4.8%) aged 18 to 24, 477 people (13.9%) aged 25 to 44, 1,044 people (30.4%) aged 45 to 64, and 1,151 people (33.6%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 56.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.4 males.

There were 2,611 housing units at an average density of 60.1 /sqmi, of which 1,235 (78.6%) were owner-occupied, and 336 (21.4%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 8.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 12.1%. 2,593 people (75.6% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 836 people (24.4%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,535 people, 1,153 households, and 727 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 59.6 PD/sqmi. There were 2,280 housing units at an average density of 53.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 82.8% White, 1.0% African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 13.1% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 32.4% of the population.

There were 1,153 households, out of which 19.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.6% were married couples living together, 6.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.9% were non-families. 29.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.69.

In the CDP the population was spread out, with 18.4% under the age of 18, 4.7% from 18 to 24, 21.2% from 25 to 44, 26.3% from 45 to 64, and 29.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.7 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $37,045, and the median income for a family was $40,262. Males had a median income of $27,604 versus $26,023 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $22,761. About 8.0% of families and 11.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.0% of those under age 18 and 7.3% of those age 65 or over.

Tourism
Tourism is Borrego Springs's primary industry. The nation's largest desert state park, 600,000-acre Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, surrounds the town. There are four public golf courses, a tennis center, and horseback riding, and it is a destination for snowbirds.

Air transportation
From the 1960s through the 1990s, Borrego Springs Airlines and its subsequent iterations provided commercial airline service to and from the local airfield.

Attractions
Members of the International Aerobatic Club have established a practice and competition area adjacent to and directly north of the Borrego Valley Airport. The area was first designated in 1976 and has an operational waiver approved by the Federal Aviation Administration. Aerobatic pilots from California and the southwest U.S. regularly use the airspace for practice and major competitive events; users have included three past national champions. Visitors are welcome to come to the airport and watch the flight activity, which does not interfere with other airport operations. The San Diego Aerobatic Club sponsors two annual competition events, in April and October.

More than 130 large metal statues of animals by sculptor Ricardo Breceda can be found in Galleta Meadows Estate.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Borrego Springs is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Borrego Springs is in.

In popular culture
The community and surrounding valley are significant sites in some of Dean Koontz's Jane Hawk novels. The town is the setting for a course on the virtual cycling platform RGT (Road Grand Tours)). In the 2015 film Thane of East County, the desert scenes were filmed near Borrego Springs. In the 2022 movie Borrego, the protagonist and her captor trek through the desert searching for Borrego Springs. In the 2022 film Everything Everywhere All at Once, the rock scene was filmed in Anza Borrego Desert State Park, at Font's Point.

title: Borrego Springs, California


text:
Bostonia, California

Bostonia is a neighborhood in San Diego County, California, comprising part of the northeastern portion of the city of El Cajon, as well as adjacent unincorporated areas of San Diego County. The portion of Bostonia that lies outside the El Cajon city limits is classified as a census-designated place (CDP) for statistical purposes by the United States Census Bureau. The population of the CDP was 15,379 at the 2010 census, up from 15,169 at the 2000 census.

Agriculture
Former Virginia agriculturalist Eugene Halstead of San Diego planted a crop of tobacco in Bostonia in 1896 and said later that the tobacco was "superior in some respects to that of the Cuban plantations," one "serious drawback" to cultivation being the scarcity of rain in the area.

Civic events
In 1898, David G. Gordon was appointed postmaster in Bostonia to replace Joseph Donald, who had resigned. C.O. Graves held the office in 1903. In 1914, William M. Wright was appointed postmaster to replace R.W. Foffland, who had resigned.

In 1928, Murray Wright was president of the Bostonia Chamber of Commerce.

In that same year, civic leaders in Bostonia planned to name a local observation as "Grape Day" which led some in neighboring Escondido to complain that their city already had an event under the same name. They were mollified when Bostonians said they would call their event "Home Products Day" instead.

Crime
"Firebugs" believed by Sheriff Conklin to have been members of the Industrial Workers of the World, "German sympathizers" or "disgruntled employees," torched the Meridian School building, a large packing house and two stables of the Bostonia Fruit Growers and Packers Association on October 6, 1917. Waste soaked in oil or phosphorus was found in what remained of the buildings, which burned to the ground.

Shoot-out
Sheriff's deputies engaged in a short gun battle in Bostonia and captured a suicidal man who had threatened a bank in Lakeside, California, with ten pounds of dynamite and fled with his loot.

Annexation
In May 1953 residents of the southern portion of Bostonia approved annexation to the city of El Cajon, California, by a vote of 315 to 271.

Swap meet
In 1981 a group of Bostonia residents organized to complain about the disruption caused by historic El Cajon Swap Meet, reputedly the "granddaddy of all the nation's swap meets. They said the weekend operation had grown beyond the "small-time affair it once was," turning the usually quiet area into a "mob scene."

Fire district and fires
A petition was submitted in 1977 by owners of 112 acres within the 480-acre Bostonia Fire Protection District to secede and join the Santee district. It was denied by the Local Agency Formation Commission.

In 1986, a fire in nearby El Cajon killed two and injured five residents at a home for the aged despite the fact that it broke out only a hundred yards from a station within the Bostonia Fire Protection District.

The Bostonia firefighters were prevented from battling the blaze because the district had no mutual-aid agreement with El Cajon, whose firefighters arrived three minutes after the fire was reported. El Cajon Fire Chief Art Melbourne said that Bostonia firefighters did give help but declined to say exactly what it was.

El Cajon Fire Chief Roger House said that Bostonia was not part of any agreement because it did not meet the requirements for belonging, including round-the-clock staffing and a certain kind of equipment.

Geography
The center of the community is near the intersection of North 2nd Street and Broadway in the city of El Cajon. Bostonia Street, the Bostonia Post Office, the former Bostonia Ballroom, Bostonia Elementary School and the Bostonia Fire Station are all within 2000 ft of this location and all, except the fire station, are within the city of El Cajon. This is the area identified on most maps as Bostonia. However, the census-designated place of Bostonia is entirely outside the city limits of El Cajon, in an unincorporated area of County. The CDP comprises most of unincorporated El Cajon north of Broadway and east of State Route 67, and a small area west of State Route 67. Mail sent to all parts of Bostonia is addressed to El Cajon.

According to the United States Census Bureau Bostonia is located at 32.82167°N, -116.95°W (32.821612, -116.949905). This is approximately one mile northwest of where the USGS places Bostonia, near the geographic center of the CDP. The CDP has a total area of 1.9 sqmi, all land.

Ecology
Bostonia was home to numerous populations of Ambrosia pumila, a rare, clonal plant narrowly distributed in southern California and Baja California. Most populations of Ambrosia pumila in Bostonia grew on vacant lots, backyard strips, and gravel roads, and many since have been extirpated by development. Additionally, Artemisia palmeri, a sagebrush nearly endemic to San Diego County, was once found in the neighborhood. Other plants historically collected from Bostonia include Primula clevelandii, Sidalcea malviflora, Sisyrinchium bellum and Viola pedunculata.

Demographics
The statistics below include only the census-designated place, not the part of Bostonia within the city limits of El Cajon.

2010
At the 2010 census Bostonia had a population of 15,379. The population density was 7,973.4 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Bostonia was 10,891 (70.8%) White, 1,011 (6.6%) African American, 102 (0.7%) Native American, 375 (2.4%) Asian, 89 (0.6%) Pacific Islander, 1,781 (11.6%) from other races, and 1,130 (7.3%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3,941 persons (25.6%).

The census reported that 15,272 people (99.3% of the population) lived in households, 55 (0.4%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 52 (0.3%) were institutionalized.

There were 5,573 households, 2,028 (36.4%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 2,381 (42.7%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 976 (17.5%) had a female householder with no husband present, 405 (7.3%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 416 (7.5%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 47 (0.8%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 1,338 households (24.0%) were one person and 545 (9.8%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.74. There were 3,762 families (67.5% of households); the average family size was 3.25.

The age distribution was 3,813 people (24.8%) under the age of 18, 1,820 people (11.8%) aged 18 to 24, 4,157 people (27.0%) aged 25 to 44, 3,832 people (24.9%) aged 45 to 64, and 1,757 people (11.4%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 33.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.9 males.

There were 5,893 housing units at an average density of 3,055.3 per square mile, of the occupied units 2,342 (42.0%) were owner-occupied and 3,231 (58.0%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.9%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.5%. 6,071 people (39.5% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 9,201 people (59.8%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 15,169 people, 5,640 households, and 3,778 families in the CDP. The population density was 7,810.2 PD/sqmi. There were 5,819 housing units at an average density of 2,996.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 79.81% White, 3.98% African American, 0.90% Native American, 1.48% Asian, 0.36% Pacific Islander, 7.79% from other races, and 5.68% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 16.63%.

Of the 5,640 households 37.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.0% were married couples living together, 14.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.0% were non-families. 24.3% of households were one person and 10.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.19.

The age distribution was 28.3% under the age of 18, 10.7% from 18 to 24, 31.8% from 25 to 44, 17.7% from 45 to 64, and 11.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 96.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.9 males.

The median household income was $37,148, and the median family income was $41,727. Males had a median income of $32,240 versus $26,335 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $17,328. About 9.1% of families and 12.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.9% of those under age 18 and 7.4% of those age 65 or over.

Religion
A new Episcopal Church (United States) was dedicated in Bostonia on July 28, 1895, the Rev. H.B. Restarick officiating. Later, Alfred Fletcher took charge of the church under Restarick, who had become dean. W.J. Cleveland took over as rector in November 1910.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Bostonia is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Bostonia is in.

Education
The Riverview School District was separated from the Bostonia District (which included Lakeside) in 1919.

title: Bostonia, California


text:
Camp Pendleton Mainside, California

Camp Pendleton Mainside is a census-designated place (CDP) in San Diego County, California, located at the southeast corner of the Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton. Per the 2020 census, the population was 9,683. It was formerly known as Camp Pendleton North, but its name was changed for the 2020 Census. Along with Camp Pendleton South, it is one of two CDPs located on the base.

Geography
Camp Pendleton Mainside is located at 33.305°N, -117.30611°W (33.304869, −117.306125).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 9.1 sqmi. 8.9 sqmi of it is land and 0.2 sqmi of it (2.24%) is water.

2020 census
''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.''

2010 Census
At the 2010 census Camp Pendleton North had a population of 5,200. The population density was 574.2 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Camp Pendleton North was 3,730 (71.7%) White, 501 (9.6%) African American, 83 (1.6%) Native American, 151 (2.9%) Asian, 80 (1.5%) Pacific Islander, 305 (5.9%) from other races, and 350 (6.7%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1,157 persons (22.3%).

The census reported that 3,561 people (68.5% of the population) lived in households, 1,627 (31.3%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 12 (0.2%) were institutionalized.

There were 1,069 households, 817 (76.4%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 921 (86.2%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 104 (9.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 13 (1.2%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 7 (0.7%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 5 (0.5%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 29 households (2.7%) were one person and 1 (0.1%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 3.33. There were 1,038 families (97.1% of households); the average family size was 3.39.

The age distribution was 1,502 people (28.9%) under the age of 18, 2,376 people (45.7%) aged 18 to 24, 1,235 people (23.8%) aged 25 to 44, 76 people (1.5%) aged 45 to 64, and 11 people (0.2%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 21.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 177.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 218.2 males.

There were 1,259 housing units at an average density of 139.0 per square mile, of the occupied units 16 (1.5%) were owner-occupied and 1,053 (98.5%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 0%; the rental vacancy rate was 15.2%. 49 people (0.9% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 3,512 people (67.5%) lived in rental housing units.

2000 Census
At the 2000 census there were 8,197 people, 1,408 households, and 1,375 families in the CDP. The population density was 911.7 PD/sqmi. There were 1,502 housing units at an average density of 167.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 67.10% White, 10.60% African American, 1.61% Native American, 2.82% Asian, 0.34% Pacific Islander, 12.89% from other races, and 4.64% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 22.62%.

Of the 1,408 households 71.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 90.3% were married couples living together, 5.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 2.3% were non-families. 1.7% of households were one person and none had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 3.15 and the average family size was 3.15.

The age distribution was 20.1% under the age of 18, 60.2% from 18 to 24, 18.5% from 25 to 44, and 1.2% from 45 to 64. The median age was 21 years. For every 100 females, there were 226.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 294.9 males.

The median household income was $28,558 and the median family income was $28,942. Males had a median income of $14,486 versus $16,907 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $13,085. About 8.6% of families and 9.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.4% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Camp Pendleton Mainside is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Camp Pendleton Mainside is in.

title: Camp Pendleton Mainside, California


text:
Camp Pendleton South, California

Camp Pendleton South is a census-designated place (CDP) in San Diego County, California, located at the southwest corner of the Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton. The population was 10,616 at the 2010 census, up from 8,854 at the 2000 census. Much of the population are residents of Camp Pendleton barracks situated in the area, as well as housing communities for married Marine and Navy personnel and their families. It, along with Camp Pendleton Mainside CDP, is one of two CDPs on the base.

Geography
Camp Pendleton South is located at 33.21667°N, -117.39111°W (33.216620, -117.390989).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 4.0 sqmi, of which 3.9 sqmi is land and 0.1 sqmi (2.40%) is water.

2010
At the 2010 census Camp Pendleton South had a population of 10,616. The population density was 2,652.1 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Camp Pendleton South was 7,530 (70.9%) White, 992 (9.3%) African American, 146 (1.4%) Native American, 299 (2.8%) Asian, 41 (0.4%) Pacific Islander, 725 (6.8%) from other races, and 883 (8.3%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2,586 persons (24.4%).

The census reported that 9,338 people (88.0% of the population) lived in households, 1,278 (12.0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and no one was institutionalized.

There were 2,569 households, 2,101 (81.8%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 2,284 (88.9%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 173 (6.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 43 (1.7%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 7 (0.3%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 8 (0.3%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 65 households (2.5%) were one person and 0 (0%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 3.63. There were 2,500 families (97.3% of households); the average family size was 3.69.

The age distribution was 4,261 people (40.1%) under the age of 18, 2,675 people (25.2%) aged 18 to 24, 3,513 people (33.1%) aged 25 to 44, 161 people (1.5%) aged 45 to 64, and 6 people (0.1%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 21.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 119.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 135.5 males.

There were 2,865 housing units at an average density of 715.7 per square mile, of the occupied units 11 (0.4%) were owner-occupied and 2,558 (99.6%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 0%; the rental vacancy rate was 10.3%. 36 people (0.3% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 9,302 people (87.6%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 8,854 people, 2,004 households, and 1,947 families in the CDP. The population density was 2,308.3 PD/sqmi. There were 2,207 housing units at an average density of 575.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 62.37% White, 14.30% African American, 1.60% Native American, 3.81% Asian, 0.70% Pacific Islander, 10.76% from other races, and 6.46% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 19.10%.

Of the 2,004 households 80.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 90.1% were married couples living together, 4.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 2.8% were non-families. 2.4% of households were one person and none had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.53 and the average family size was 3.56.

The age distribution was 34.8% under the age of 18, 30.0% from 18 to 24, 34.0% from 25 to 44, 1.2% from 45 to 64, and 0.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 22 years. For every 100 females there were 150.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 180.8 males.

The median household income was $32,829 and the median family income was $31,998. Males had a median income of $21,311 versus $24,010 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $11,114. About 7.9% of families and 8.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.3% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

Government
In the California State Legislature, Camp Pendleton South is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Camp Pendleton South is in.

title: Camp Pendleton South, California


text:
Carlsbad, California

Carlsbad is a coastal city in the North County region of San Diego County, California, United States. The city is 87 miles south of downtown Los Angeles and 35 miles north of downtown San Diego. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 114,746. Carlsbad is a popular tourist destination and home to many businesses in the golf industry.

History
Carlsbad's history began with the Luiseño people (the Spanish name given to them because of their proximity to Mission San Luis Rey), as well as some Kumeyaay in the La Costa area. Nearly every reliable fresh water creek had at least one native village, including one called Palamai. The site is located just south of today's Buena Vista Lagoon.

The first European land exploration of Alta California, the Spanish Portolá expedition of 1769, met native villagers while camped on Buena Vista Creek. Another Luiseño villages within today's city of Carlsbad was a village at the mouth of the San Marcos Creek that the Kumeyaay called 'Ajopunquile'. A Kumeyaay village that was visited by Portolá was Hakutl, in the Rancho Ponderosa area.

During the Mexican period, in 1842, the southern portion of Carlsbad was granted as Rancho Agua Hedionda to Juan María Marrón.

In the 1880s a former sailor named John A. Frazier dug a well in the area. He began offering his water at the train station and soon the whistle-stop became known as Frazier's Station. A test done on a second fresh-water well discovered the water to be chemically similar to that found in some of the most renowned spas in the world, and the town was named after the famed spa in the Bohemian town of Karlsbad (now Karlovy Vary, Czech Republic).

To take advantage of the find, the Carlsbad Land and Mineral Water Company was formed by a German-born merchant from the Midwest named Gerhard Schutte together with Samuel Church Smith, D. D. Wadsworth and Henry Nelson. The naming of the town followed soon after, along with a major marketing campaign to attract visitors. The area experienced a period of growth, with homes and businesses sprouting up in the 1880s. Agricultural development of citrus fruits, avocados and olives soon changed the landscape. By the end of 1887, land prices fell throughout San Diego County. However, the community survived on the back of its fertile agricultural lands.

The site of John Frazier's original well can still be found at Alt Karlsbad, a replica of a German Hanseatic house, located on Carlsbad Boulevard.

In 1952, Carlsbad was incorporated to avoid annexation by its neighbor, Oceanside.

The single-runway Palomar Airport opened in 1959 after County of San Diego officials decided to replace the Del Mar Airport. The airport was annexed to the City of Carlsbad in 1978 and renamed McClellan-Palomar Airport in 1982 after a local civic leader, Gerald McClellan.

The first modern skateboard park, Carlsbad Skatepark, was built in March 1976. It was located on the grounds of Carlsbad Raceway and was designed and built by inventors Jack Graham and John O'Malley. The skatepark was closed in 1979, leaving Del Mar Skate Ranch, approximately 20 minutes away, as the nearest skatepark for residents such as Tony Hawk. The site of the original Carlsbad Skatepark and Carlsbad Raceway was demolished in 2005 and is now an industrial park. However, two skateparks have since been developed.

In March 1999, Legoland California was opened. It was the first Legoland theme park outside of Europe and is currently operated by Merlin Entertainments. Merlin Entertainments owns 70 percent of the shares, and the remaining 30 percent is owned by the LEGO group and Kirkbi A/S.

Carlsbad is home to the nation's largest desalination plant. Construction of the Carlsbad Desalination Plant at the Encina Power Station was completed in December 2015. The Encina Power Station is currently being demolished, despite efforts to preserve it as a historical landmark.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 39.1 sqmi of which 37.7 sqmi are land and 1.4 sqmi are (3.55%) water, the majority of which is contained within three lagoons and one lake.

The northern area of the city is part of a tri-city area consisting of northern Carlsbad, southern Oceanside and western Vista.

The ocean-side cliffs fronting wide white-sand beaches and mild climate attract vacationers year-round.

Types of Households in Carlsbad city, California in 2015–2019. 56.6% was Married-couple households, 5.1% was cohabiting couple households, 13.6% male householder no spouse, 24.7% female householder no spouse.

Climate
Carlsbad has a semi-arid Mediterranean climate (Koppen classification BSh) and averages 263 sunny days per year. Winters are mild with periodic rain. Frost is rare along the coast, but sometimes occurs in inland valleys in December and January. Summer is almost rain free, but overcast and cool with fog off the Pacific. While most days have mild and pleasant temperatures, hot dry Santa Ana winds bring high temperatures on a few days each year, mostly in the fall.

Neighborhoods

For city planning and growth management purposes, Carlsbad is divided into four distinct quadrants.

Northwest quadrant
The northwest quadrant of Carlsbad (ZIP code 92008) includes the downtown "Village", "The Barrio", and "Olde Carlsbad." It was the first part of Carlsbad to be settled. Homes range from 1950s cottages and bungalows, 1960s ranch style houses, to elegant mansions on hills overlooking the ocean. It is also home to Hosp Grove Park, a grove of eucalyptus trees relatively untouched by development and now designated by the city for recreational use, in addition to the Buena Vista and Agua Hedionda Lagoons. It is located west of El Camino Real and north of Palomar Airport Road.

"The Barrio" area is near downtown Carlsbad bordered by Carlsbad Village Drive to the north, Tamarack Avenue to the south, Interstate 5 to the east and the railroad tracks to the west. It was settled by Latinos in the early 20th century. It is the site of the Centro de Aprendizaje, a Spanish division of the Carlsbad City Library.

Northeast quadrant
This quadrant (ZIP code 92010) is located east of El Camino Real and north of Palomar Airport Road and consists mostly of single-family homes, with larger lots found in the older area known as Chestnut Hills and the newer developments around Calavera Hills.

The Northeast quadrant also contains the Lake Calavera Nature Preserve, a 110-acre space containing a 513-foot extinct volcano known as Mount Calavera. The preserve — notable for its small lake, wide dam, and mountain — was officially set aside in the 1990s as the surrounding land was being developed. The preserve is bordered on three sides by suburban single-family homes, and on one side by small farms and rural compounds. In 2012, Sage Creek High School was developed in the southwest corner of the preserve amid some controversy. Nature experts challenged the decision to construct the school on the preserve, but Carlsbad High School was reaching its capacity and there were few undeveloped areas that had sufficient space for an additional high school. Despite missing one of its original corners, the preserve still offers miles of hiking trails with ocean views.

Southeast quadrant
The southeast quadrant (ZIP code 92009) is located east of El Camino Real and south of Palomar Airport Road and features several newer expensive master-planned communities set among hillsides, golf courses, Alga Norte Community Park and permanent open spaces. It includes Bressi Ranch and the La Costa neighborhoods of Rancho La Costa, La Costa Ridge, La Costa Oaks, La Costa Greens, La Costa Valley, and Rancho Carillo. In 1965, La Costa gave its name to the Gold Medal Golf Resort, La Costa Resort and Spa, now known as the Omni La Costa Resort and Spa. Residents here are served by the Carlsbad Unified School District, San Marcos Unified School District and the Encinitas Union School District.

Southwest quadrant
This quadrant (ZIP code 92011) extends along the Pacific Ocean to the south of the center of Carlsbad. It includes the Aviara neighborhood, which is home to the Park Hyatt Aviara Resort. It is located west of El Camino Real and south of Palomar Airport Road.

Demographics
Carlsbad is part of the San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area.

2010
As of the 2010 United States Census Carlsbad had a population of 105,328. The population density was 2,693.1 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Carlsbad was 87,205 (82.8%) White, 1,379 (1.3%) African American, 514 (0.5%) Native American, 7,460 (7.1%) Asian, 198 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 4,189 (4.0%) from other races, and 4,383 (4.2%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 13,988 persons (13.3%).

The Census reported that 104,413 people (99.1% of the population) lived in households, 459 (0.4%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 456 (0.4%) were institutionalized.

Out of 39,964 households in 2011, there were 26,992 (67.5%) families, of which 12,345 (30.9%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 21,705 (54.3%) were married-couple families, 1,489 (3.7%) had a male householder with no wife present, and 3,798 (9.5%) had a female householder with no husband present. There were 12,972 (32.5%) nonfamily households, of which 10,198 (25.5%) were made up of a householder living alone and 3,299 (8.3%) were a householder living alone who was 65 years or over. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.10.

The population was spread out, with 25,366 people (24.1%) under the age of 18, 6,718 people (6.4%) aged 18 to 24, 28,073 people (26.7%) aged 25 to 44, 30,373 people (28.8%) aged 45 to 64, and 14,798 people (14.0%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.4 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.5 males.

There were 44,673 housing units at an average density of 1,142.2 /mi2, of which 26,808 (64.8%) were owner-occupied, and 14,537 (35.2%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.4%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.6%. 69,855 people (66.3% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 34,558 people (32.8%) lived in rental housing units.

In 2011, the median household income was US$85,743 and the median family income was US$102,254, with 11.9% of households and 14.9% of families earning US$200,000 or more. Males had a median income of US$80,590 versus US$54,159 for females. The per capita income for the city was US$42,712. About 6.8% of families and 8.4% of the population reported income below the poverty line, including 10.1% of those under age 18 and 3.5% of those age 65 or over.

Of the population 25 years and over, 95.7% graduated from high school and 51.3% held a bachelor's degree or higher. 65.2% of the population 16 years and over was in the labor force.

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 78,247 people, 31,521 households, and 20,898 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,090.2 PD/sqmi. There were 33,798 housing units at an average density of 902.8 /mi2. The racial makeup of the city was 86.6% Caucasian, 1.0% African American, 0.4% Native American, 4.2% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 4.7% from other races, and 3.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11.7% of the population.

There were 31,521 households, out of which 30.7% contained children under the age of 18, 54.3% were married couples living together, 8.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.7% were non-families. 24.8% of all households were made up of single individuals, and 8.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The mean household size was 2.46 and the mean family size was 2.96.

23.3% of residents were under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 31.9% from 25 to 44, 24.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.8 males. Among those 18 and older, there were 92.8 males for every 100 females.

Local government
In 2008, Carlsbad voters passed a measure to become a charter city (as opposed to the general-law municipality they had been before), approving the proposed charter by 82% and officially becoming such that same year.

Before the 2018 elections, city government was led by an elected mayor and four council members, elected at large; however, in July 2017, the city council voted to transition to district elections (except for the mayoral office, which remains an at-large position). Elections for Districts 1 and 3 were held in 2018, and in 2020, elections were held for the remaining Districts 2 and 4. As was the case before changing to district elections for the city council, city council members and the mayor are elected to 4-year terms. See the official district map here (not to scale).

Carlsbad's current mayor is Keith Blackburn, who was elected in 2022.

In May 2018, the Carlsbad city council voted 4–1 to back the federal government's lawsuit against California sanctuary state law SB 54.

The city has drafted ordinances protecting sensitive wildlife habitat, becoming one of the first municipalities in California to do so. The city has also pledged to protect about 40 percent of the city as permanent open space.

Federal and state representation
In the California State Legislature, Carlsbad is in, and in.

In the United States House of Representatives, Carlsbad is in.

Politics
Carlsbad was a powerfully Republican stronghold during the 20th century, a classic bastion of suburban conservatism in Southern California. However, the GOP's edge in Carlsbad started to narrow in the 1990s and 2000s, with the city shifting Democratic. In 2008, Barack Obama, then the Democratic nominee for President, carried the city with a plurality. In 2012, Mitt Romney, the GOP nominee, carried the city by a 9% margin. In 2016, the city flipped back to the Democratic Party, voting for Hillary Clinton by a 10.4% margin over Donald Trump. Joe Biden expanded that margin to 17.6% over Trump in 2020.

Economy
Carlsbad's core industries include information technology, video game development, manufacturing, robotics, medical devices, life science, wireless technology, clean technology, action sports, tourism, design development and real estate. In 2013, Google named Carlsbad the digital capital of California with the strongest online business community.

Carlsbad is also known as the "Titanium Valley" because of its golf manufacturing industry. Callaway Golf Company, TaylorMade-adidas Golf Company, Cobra Golf, Titleist, and Odyssey Golf are all located in Carlsbad.

Top employers
According to 2021 figures, the top employers in the city are:

Notable corporate headquarters

 * Applied Spectral Imaging, multinational bioimaging technology company
 * Aptera Motors, solar electric vehicle manufacturing
 * Arkeia Software, network backup solutions
 * Atticus Clothing, Apparel
 * Business.com, online B2B marketing platform
 * Callaway Golf Company, Golf equipment and apparel manufacturer
 * Clear-Com, owned by HME; an electronics manufacturer of intercom systems
 * Cobra Golf, Golf equipment and apparel manufacturer
 * Fallen Footwear, Shoe company
 * Gemological Institute of America, Gem Nonprofit
 * Hay House, New Age Publisher
 * Hot Dog on a Stick, Restaurants
 * Islands Fine Burgers & Drinks, restaurant
 * Jazzercise, International dance fitness program
 * Jenny Craig, Inc., Weight management
 * Kisco Senior Living, senior living
 * Macbeth Footwear, apparel
 * MaxLinear, Semiconductors
 * No Fear, Apparel
 * Osiris Shoes, Shoe company
 * PC Power & Cooling, PC power supply manufacturer
 * Rockstar San Diego, Video Game Developer
 * Rubio's Coastal Grill, Quick-serve Restaurants
 * TaylorMade Golf Company, Golf equipment and apparel manufacturer
 * Upper Deck, Sports and entertainment trading card manufacturer
 * ViaSat, Satellite communications

Schools

 * School Districts
 * Carlsbad Unified School District
 * Encinitas Union School District-for Elementary schools South of Carlsbad
 * San Dieguito Union High School District-for Junior High and High schools in South Carlsbad
 * San Marcos Unified School District-for schools in southeast Carlsbad

 * Public High
 * Carlsbad High School
 * La Costa Canyon High School
 * Sage Creek High School

 * Public Intermediate
 * Aviara Oaks Middle School
 * Calavera Hills Middle School
 * Valley Middle School

 * Public Interlevel
 * Carlsbad Seaside Academy (Independent Study)

 * Public Elementary

 * Aviara Oaks Elementary School
 * Buena Vista Elementary School
 * Calavera Hills Elementary School
 * Carlsbad Seaside Academy (K-6 Alternative Education)
 * El Camino Creek Elementary School
 * Hope Elementary School
 * Jefferson Elementary School
 * Kelly Elementary School
 * La Costa Heights Elementary School
 * La Costa Meadows Elementary School
 * Magnolia Elementary School
 * Pacific Rim Elementary School
 * Poinsettia Elementary School
 * Mission Estancia Elementary School
 * Olivenhain Pioneer Elementary School
 * Rancho Carillo Elementary School

 * Private Schools
 * Army and Navy Academy
 * Carlsbad Christian Academy
 * Pacific Ridge School
 * St. Patrick School

Public libraries

 * Carlsbad City Library (three branches)

Sister cities

Carlsbad's sister cities are:
 * 🇯🇵 Futtsu, Chiba, Japan
 * 🇨🇿 Karlovy Vary, Karlovy Vary Region, Czech Republic

Attractions

 * Amusement Parks
 * Legoland California

 * Aquariums
 * Sea Life Aquarium at Legoland California

 * Beaches
 * Carlsbad State Beach
 * South Carlsbad State Beach

 * Campgrounds
 * South Carlsbad State Beach

 * Golf
 * Aviara Golf Club and The Aviara Golf Academy.
 * La Costa Resort and Spa
 * The Crossings at Carlsbad.
 * Rancho Carlsbad Golf Club

 * Open Space
 * Agua Hedionda Lagoon
 * Batiquitos Lagoon
 * Buena Vista Lagoon
 * Lake Calavera Nature Preserve
 * Rancho La Costa Preserve

 * Museums
 * Carlsbad Historical Society Museum
 * Museum of Making Music
 * Miniature Engineering Craftsmanship Museum

 * Gardens
 * The Flower Fields

Transportation
The North County Transit District (NCTD) provides public transportation services in Carlsbad, including the Coaster commuter rail (with stops at Carlsbad Village station and Carlsbad Poinsettia station), Breeze bus service, the Carlsbad Connector microtransit service, and Lift paratransit service.

Interstate 5 runs through the western part of Carlsbad, while California State Route 78 passes close to its northern border.

McClellan–Palomar Airport is located about 7 mi southeast of downtown Carlsbad, and allows general aviation and limited commercial service to the city.

Notable people

 * Frank Alesia, character actor and television director
 * Tessa Bailey, romance novelist
 * Brian P. Bilbray, U.S. Congressman
 * Ron Blair, bassist for Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers
 * Adam Brody, film and television actor; played Seth Cohen on The O.C.
 * Francesca Capaldi, child actress
 * Ron Capps, Current NHRa Funny Car Driver Former Top Fuel Driver 2016 NHRA Funny Car Champion
 * Leo Carrillo, actor, cartoonist, conservationist and preservationist, and owner of Leo Carrillo Ranch in Carlsbad
 * Aaron Chang, surf and ocean photographer
 * Brandon Chillar, linebacker for the Green Bay Packers
 * Jim Cochran, pioneering organic strawberry farmer
 * Jonathan Compas, center for Tampa Bay Buccaneers
 * S.E. Cupp, journalist and political commentator
 * David Díaz, Caldecott-winning illustrator/author
 * Thomas Eshelman (CHS Grad 2012), MLB Pitcher for Baltimore Orioles
 * Drew Ferris (born 1992), football player for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers of the National Football League
 * Jon Foreman, lead singer of alternative band Switchfoot
 * Tim Foreman, brother of Jon Foreman and bassist for Switchfoot
 * Robert C. Frazee, businessman and politician
 * John A. Frazier, city founder
 * Ryan Gallant, professional skateboarder
 * Sid Gillman, professional football player
 * Troy Glaus, baseball player
 * LeRoy Grannis, photographer
 * Ryan Guy, football player for St. Patrick's Athletic
 * Tony Hawk, professional skateboarder and entrepreneur
 * Taylor Knox, professional surfer
 * Ted Johnson, professional football player
 * Michellie Jones, triathlete, 2006 Ironman world champion, 2000 Olympic silver medalist
 * Josh Kalis, professional skateboarder
 * Rod Laver, former world #1 Australian tennis player, retired in La Costa
 * Fred Lynn, baseball player
 * Sal Masekela, son of musician Hugh Masekela. CHS graduate. TV host for Winter X Games on ESPN
 * Tim Miller, an original student of Ashtanga-yoga founder, K.P. Jois, and teacher of Ashtanga in the US.
 * Martin Milner, television actor, Route 66 and Adam-12
 * Jack Roland Murphy, jewel thief
 * Dale D. Myers, former Deputy Administrator of NASA, three NASA Distinguished Service Medals
 * Gregory R Nelson Sr., co-founder of DonJoy, Inc., CEO of United Orthopedic Group
 * Emily O'Brien, The Young and the Restless actress; 2003 graduate CHS
 * Ron Packard, U.S. Congressman
 * Kevin Pearce, snowboarder, public speaker and advocate for traumatic brain injury and Down syndrome research and education; extreme sport commentator
 * Jean Peters, actress and wife of Howard Hughes
 * John Pugsley, libertarian political activist
 * Bridget Regan, actress known for her role as Kahlan Amnell on Legend of the Seeker
 * Allard Roen, co-founder and the on-site Manager of the La Costa Resort and Spa in Carlsbad, California.
 * Gene Roddenberry, creator of Star Trek
 * Kerry Rossall, stuntman, actor and producer
 * Boris Said, NASCAR Sprint Cup Series driver
 * Mehdi Sarram, "Iran's first nuclear engineer"
 * Steve Scott, champion miler
 * Pancho Segura, former professional tennis player and coach
 * Brian Simo, NASCAR Nationwide Series driver
 * Sebastian Soto, professional soccer player for SC Telstar and the United States national team
 * Staciana Stitts, 2000 Summer Olympics gold medalist swimmer; graduate CHS
 * Brett Swain, professional football player.
 * Joe Toledo, American football player
 * Victor Villaseñor, author
 * Barbara Werle, actress and dancer
 * Shaun White, professional snowboarder, skateboarder, 2006, 2010 and 2018 Winter Olympics gold medalist

title: Carlsbad, California