text:
Boone County, Illinois

Boone County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2020 census, the population was 53,448. Its county seat is Belvidere. Boone County is included in the Rockford, IL Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
Unlike most of Illinois, much of Northern Illinois was not submerged in a shallow prehistoric sea. As a result, bedrock found in the area now bounded as Boone County is almost entirely Ordovician, as opposed to nearby counties like McHenry and Carroll which contain large areas of later Silurian bedrock. Till and outwash from the Illinoian glaciation covers area bedrock to a depth of several hundred feet. The county's proximity to the driftless area protected the region somewhat from the more recent Wisconsin glaciation. As a result, the county's northern townships resemble a driftless-like area, with higher peak elevations and more surface detail compared to the southern townships dominated by the broad flood plains of the Kishwaukee River and its tributaries.

By the time of the first identified human settlements, the region was made up of thickly wooded forested hills and grassy prairie plains. Archeological study at the Koster Site seems to indicate that humans had established complex societies ten thousand years ago along the river basins of the Illinois and Mississippi. By the time of European exploration, Upper Mississippian culture collapsed; westward expansion forced many Algonquin-speaking nations into conflict with each other as they moved after encroachment of their lands. Potowatomi and Mascouten tribes were still living in the region when white settlers arrived and statehood was declared in 1818.

As a political institution, Boone County was formed in 1837 out of Winnebago County. It was named for Kentucky frontiersman Daniel Boone. The first non-Native American settlers arrived in what is now Boone County in 1835. They arrived as a result of the end of the Black Hawk War as well as the completion of the Erie Canal. They consisted entirely of settlers from New England. These were "Yankee" settlers, that is to say they were descended from the English Puritans who settled New England in the colonial era. They were primarily members of the Congregational Church though due to the Second Great Awakening many of them had converted to Methodism and some had become Baptists before coming to what is now Boone County. When the New England settlers arrived in what is now Boone County there was nothing but a dense virgin forest and wild prairie. In the late 1870s immigrants began arriving from Germany and Ireland.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 282.039 sqmi (99.5%), of which 280.741 sqmi is land and 1.298 sqmi (0.5%) is water.

Adjacent counties

 * Rock County, Wisconsin - north
 * Walworth County, Wisconsin - northeast
 * McHenry County - east
 * DeKalb County - south
 * Ogle County - southwest
 * Winnebago County - west

Major highways
Logan Avenue county route 40 Genoa Road (T-40) Garden Prairie Road county route 41 Poplar Grove Road county route 32 Capron Road (T-41)
 * [[Image:I-90.svg|25px]] Interstate 90
 * [[Image:US 20.svg|25px]] US Route 20
 * [[Image:Illinois 76.svg|25px]] Illinois Route 76
 * [[Image:Illinois 173.svg|25px]] Illinois Route 173

Climate and weather
In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Belvidere have ranged from a low of 11 °F in January to a high of 85 °F in July, although a record low of -29 °F was recorded in January 1979 and a record high of 109 °F was recorded in July 1936. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 1.29 in in February to 4.56 in in June.

Demographics

As of the 2020 United States Census, there were 53,448 people, 18,799 households, and 13,580 families residing in the county. The population density was 189.5 PD/sqmi. There were 20,157 housing units at an average density of 71.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the county was 72.5% white, 2.3% black or African American, 1.2% Asian, 0.9% American Indian, 11.6% from other races, and 11.4% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 24.1% of the population. The most common reported ancestries were German (23.7%), Irish (11.7%), Italian (7.4%), and Swedish (7.4%).

Of the 18,799 households, 31.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.5% were married couples living together, 10.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.8% were non-families. 23.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.82 and the average family size was 3.33.

The county's age distribution consisted of 24.7% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 23.1% from 25 to 44, 27.1% from 45 to 64, and 15.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.0 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $70.396 and the median income for a family was $84,450. Males had a median income of $50,213 versus $30,219 for females. The per capita income for the county was $32,659. About 5.0% of families and 8.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.5% of those under age 18 and 6.8% of those age 65 or over.

Education

 * Belvidere Community Unit School District 100
 * Harvard Community Unit School District 50
 * Hiawatha Community Unit School District 426
 * North Boone Community Unit School District 200
 * Rockford School District 205

Unincorporated communities

 * Argyle
 * Beaverton Crossroads
 * Blaine
 * Candlewick Lake
 * Edgewood
 * Garden Prairie
 * Herbert
 * Hunter
 * Irene
 * Prairie View
 * Russellville

Townships
Boone County is divided into these nine townships:

 * Belvidere
 * Bonus
 * Boone
 * Caledonia
 * Flora
 * Leroy
 * Manchester
 * Poplar Grove
 * Spring

Government
Boone County is located in the Boone-Winnebago County Regional Office of Education #4.

Boone County, with neighboring Winnebago County, is located in Illinois's 17th Judicial Circuit. The entirety of Boone County, along with portions of southeastern Winnebago County, is in the third subcircuit.

Politics
As a historic Yankee settlement, Boone County in its early years was a major base for the Free Soil Party, being one of nine Illinois counties to vote for Martin van Buren in 1848. Its Free Soil affinities meant Boone became one of the first strongholds of the Republican Party and remained overwhelmingly Republican for the following century, although it did vote for Progressive Theodore Roosevelt in 1912 when the Republican Party was severely split. Between at least 1892 and 1928 no Democratic presidential candidate ever managed twenty percent of the county's vote, and in the century up to 1960 no Democrat reached thirty percent – a degree of GOP loyalty comparable to such famous bastions as Owsley County in Kentucky, Grant County in West Virginia, or Avery County in North Carolina. Even Barry Goldwater, who alienated the Yankee Northeast so much as to lose all but one county there, still won Boone County by 15.6 percentage points, and between 1968 and 1988 no Democrat did better than Jimmy Carter’s 40.2 percent.

The shift of the Republican Party towards an expanded Southern and Western base, and particularly its growing strength with social conservatives, alienated the Yankee North during the 1990s and 2000s, but Boone County remained in Republican hands. The candidacy of Ross Perot in 1992 and 1996 caused George H. W. Bush and Bob Dole both to win Boone County with mere pluralities against Bill Clinton, and in 2008, Illinois resident Barack Obama became the only Democrat to carry the county since James K. Polk in 1844. The 2010s have seen a reversal of this Democratic trend due to concern over employment declines in the “Rust Belt."

title: Boone County, Illinois


text:
Talk:Iron County, Utah

Untitled
Wondering how to edit this U.S. County Entry? The WikiProject U.S. Counties standards might help.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Iron County, Utah


text:
Bond County, Illinois

Bond County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,725. Its county seat is Greenville.

Bond County is included in the St. Louis, MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
Bond County was formed in 1817 out of Madison County. It was named for Shadrach Bond, who was then the delegate from the Illinois Territory to the United States Congress, and who thereupon became the first governor of Illinois, serving from 1818 to 1822.

The county's primary city, Greenville, had a post office from 1819 and was incorporated as a town in 1855 and as a city in 1872. A few possible reasons have been put forth for the naming of the town. Some think the town was named after Greenville, North Carolina, which had been named after Revolutionary War general Nathanael Greene. Others say that Greenville was named by early settler Thomas White because it was "so green and nice." A third possibility is that Greenville was named after Green P. Rice, the town's first merchant.

In 1824, a vote taken on slavery in Bond County had received 240 votes against and 63 votes for slavery. While Illinois was not a slave state, it was adjacent to slave states, Missouri and Kentucky, and did allow the continued use of "indentured servants," a process many slaveowners used to keep their slaves even in a free state.

In Bond County, at one point 14 slaves were registered to eight owners. One slave, Silas Register, took his last name from the act of being registered at the county clerk's office. Register was the last known Bond County slave to survive; he died in 1872 at the age of 76. A few of the slaves are buried in the county with the families they were indentured to. One former slave, Fanny, was free after her owners moved out of the state and worked in the town so that she could buy her husband, Stephen, at auction in Missouri.

During the 1840s, Bond County played host to a few people conducting slaves to freedom on the Underground Railroad. Teacher T.A. Jones lived in Reno and in 2008, a letter in which he told of his Underground Railroad activities was discovered in a staircase in Sparta. Slaves were often spirited from Missouri, sometimes through Carlyle to Bond County. Rev. John Leeper was able to disguise his Underground Railroad activities due to his milling business. Dr. Henry Perrine practiced medicine near Greenville and helped with the secret railroad activities. Rev. George Denny's house was found in the 1930s to conceal a secret chamber that had been used in the Railroad.

Greenville University was founded as Almira College in 1855. In 1941, college president H.J. Long "declared the founding of Almira and Greenville ran parallel, for both were founded on prayer."

When Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas gave speeches in Greenville in 1858 during a campaign for the United States Senate, Douglas said: "Ladies and gentlemen it gives me great and supreme gratification and pleasure to see this vast concourse of people assembled to hear me upon this my first visit to Old Bond." The Illinois State Register reported of the occasion: "I've seen many gatherings in Old Bond county but I never saw anything equal to this and I never expect to."

Women in Bond County could vote for the first time in 1914. On November 21, 1915, the Liberty Bell passed through Greenville on its nationwide tour returning to Pennsylvania from the Panama-Pacific International Exposition in San Francisco. After that trip, the Liberty Bell returned to Pennsylvania and will not be moved again.

The Greenville Public Library was established as a Carnegie library and is on the National Register of Historic Places. Hogue Hall at Greenville College, demolished in 2008, also formerly appeared on the National Register.

On April 18, 1934, during the Great Depression, a group of 500 protesters marched to the Illinois Emergency Relief Commission to lodge complaints about the delivery of emergency supplies from the state and federal governments.

Ronald Reagan visited Greenville on the campaign trail in the 1980s and gave a speech on the courthouse lawn. Barack Obama, the junior Senator from Illinois elected as president in November 2008, also visited Greenville while campaigning for his Senate seat in 2004, in a visit hosted by the Bond County Democrats.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 383 sqmi, of which 380 sqmi is land and 2.5 sqmi (0.6%) is water.

Adjacent counties

 * Montgomery County – north
 * Fayette County – east
 * Clinton County – south
 * Madison County – west

Major highways

 * [[Image:I-70.svg|25px]] Interstate 70
 * [[Image:US 40.svg|25px]] U.S. Route 40
 * [[Image:Illinois 127.svg|25px]] Illinois Route 127
 * [[Image:Illinois 140.svg|25px]] Illinois Route 140
 * [[Image:Illinois 143.svg|25px]] Illinois Route 143

Climate and weather
In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Greenville have ranged from a low of 21 °F in January to a high of 91 °F in July, although a record low of -22 °F was recorded in February 1905 and a record high of 114 °F was recorded in July 1954. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 2.00 in in February to 4.31 in in May.

Demographics

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 16,725 people, 6,359 households, and 4,033 families residing in the county. The population density was 43.7 PD/sqmi. There were 6,858 housing units at an average density of 17.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the county was 86.4% white, 6.4% black or African American, 0.3% American Indian, 0.6% Asian, 2.2% from other races, and 4.0% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 3.6% of the population. The most commonly reported ancestries were German (28.9%), Irish (13.4%), English (9.3%), and American (9.2%).

Of the 6,359 households, 25.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.8% were married couples living together, 7.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 36.6% were non-families. 29.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.87.

19.1% of the population was under 18 years of age, 9.2% was between 18 and 24, 37.7% was between 15 and 44, and 18.8% was over 65. The median age was 42.5 years. For every 100 females there were 111.0 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $53,568 and the median income for a family was $69,917. Males had a median income of $41,231 versus $26,408 for females. The per capita income for the county was $27,274. About 6.6% of families and 13.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.0% of those under age 18 and 7.8% of those age 65 or over.

In terms of education, 33.2% of the population had attained a high school or equivalent degree, 13.2% had a bachelor's degree, and 8.5% had a graduate or professional degree.

Education

 * Bond County Community Unit School District 2
 * Carlyle Community Unit School District 1
 * Highland Community Unit School District 5
 * Hillsboro Community Unit School District 3
 * Mulberry Grove Community Unit School District 1
 * Vandalia Community Unit School District 203
 * Greenville University

Townships
Bond County is divided into these nine townships:

 * Burgess
 * Central
 * Lagrange
 * Mills
 * Mulberry Grove
 * Old Ripley
 * Pleasant Mound
 * Shoal Creek
 * Tamalco

Unincorporated Communities

 * Ayers
 * Beaver Creek
 * Bunje
 * Dudleyville
 * Durley
 * Gilmore
 * Hamburg
 * Hookdale
 * Keyesport Landing
 * Paisley Corners
 * Pleasant Mound
 * Reno
 * Stubblefield
 * Tamalco
 * Woburn

Politics
Bond is a strongly Republican county. Only two Democrats have gained an absolute majority of the county's vote since at least 1880 – Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1932 and Lyndon Johnson in 1964. Bill Clinton was the last Democrat to win the county, in 1996, though local Senator Barack Obama came within 100-plus votes in 2008.

title: Bond County, Illinois


text:
Alexander County, Illinois

Alexander County is the southernmost and southwesternmost county in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,240. Its county seat is Cairo and its western boundary is formed by the Mississippi River.

Alexander County is part of the Cape Girardeau, MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area which is made up of jurisdictions on both sides of the Mississippi River.

History
Alexander County was organized from part of Union County in 1819. It was named for William M. Alexander, a physician who practiced in the town of America (the first county seat). Alexander was elected as a representative to the state House, where he became Speaker of the Illinois House of Representatives in 1822.

The county was initially developed for agriculture and settled by numerous migrants from the Upper South. The county seat was moved to Unity in 1833, then to Thebes in 1843, and finally to Cairo in 1860. America, the first county seat, is now within Pulaski County, which was formed from Alexander and Johnson counties in 1843.

Settled largely by white migrants from the Upland South, southern Illinois had many racial attitudes of the South. As African Americans settled in Cairo to seek jobs on steamboats, ferries, in shipping and railroads, there were tensions between the racial groups. White residents sometimes used violence and terrorism, as well as discrimination, to keep black residents in second-class positions. They excluded them from the city government and the police and fire departments, and relatively few African Americans were hired to work in the local stores.

There were three lynchings of blacks in Alexander County in the years between Reconstruction and the early 20th century. The county had the second-highest number of lynchings of African Americans in all of Illinois. The most notorious of these was the lynching of Will James before a crowd of white spectators estimated at 10,000, in the county seat of Cairo on November 11, 1909. James was accused of murdering a young white woman. Later that same evening, the mob lynched a white man named Henry Salzner, hanging him in the courthouse square for allegedly killing his wife. Neither man had had a trial, nor was anyone ever prosecuted for the lynchings, even though Illinois had passed an anti-lynching law four years earlier.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 253 sqmi, of which 236 sqmi is land and 17 sqmi (6.8%) is water. Its borders are partly defined by the Mississippi River and the Ohio River. The lowest point in the state of Illinois is located on the Mississippi River in Cairo in Alexander County, where it flows out of Illinois and into Kentucky.

Adjacent counties

 * Union County - north
 * Ballard County, Kentucky - southeast
 * Pulaski County - east
 * Mississippi County, Missouri - south
 * Scott County, Missouri - west
 * Cape Girardeau County, Missouri - northwest

National protected areas

 * Cypress Creek National Wildlife Refuge (part)
 * Shawnee National Forest (part)

Major highways

 * [[Image:I-57.svg|25px]] Interstate 57
 * [[Image:US 51.svg|25px]] U.S. Route 51
 * [[Image:US 60.svg|25px]] U.S. Route 60
 * [[Image:US 62.svg|25px]] U.S. Route 62
 * [[Image:Illinois 3.svg|25px]] Illinois Route 3
 * [[Image:Illinois 37.svg|25px]] Illinois Route 37
 * [[Image:Illinois 127.svg|25px]] Illinois Route 127
 * [[Image:Illinois 146.svg|25px]] Illinois Route 146

Climate and weather
In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Cairo have ranged from a low of 26 °F in January to a high of 90 °F in July, although a record low of -12 °F was recorded in January 1985 and a record high of 104 °F was recorded in June 1954. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 3.04 in in September to 4.76 in in May.

Law enforcement
The Tamms Correctional Center, a now shuttered super-maximum correctional facility operated by the Illinois Department of Corrections, was located in Tamms, as was the State of Illinois execution chamber. Prior to the January 11, 2003, commutation of death row sentences, male death row inmates were housed in Tamms, Menard, and Pontiac correctional centers. After that date, only Pontiac continued to host the male death row. On January 4, 2013, after years of controversy over inmate conditions, the prison officially closed, negatively impacting the county's economy.

In late September 2009, press reports indicated that the Alexander County Sheriff's office had five of its seven squad cars repossessed as payments had not been made. The sheriff once had 29 deputies, but was reduced to just five at the time of the reports. The Illinois State Police have provided assistance to the county with additional patrols.

Demographics
As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 8,238 people, 3,329 households, and 2,093 families residing in the county. The population density was 35.0 PD/sqmi. There were 4,006 housing units at an average density of 17.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the county was 60.9% white, 35.4% black or African American, 0.3% American Indian, 0.2% Asian, 0.1% Pacific islander, 1.4% from other races, and 1.7% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.9% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 13.9% were German, 6.8% were Irish, 5.3% were English, and 4.7% were American.

Of the 3,329 households, 29.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.6% were married couples living together, 18.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 37.1% were non-families, and 33.6% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.94. The median age was 41.1 years.

The median income for a household in the county was $28,833 and the median income for a family was $44,699. Males had a median income of $35,880 versus $25,743 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,858. About 11.8% of families and 20.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 33.1% of those under age 18 and 14.7% of those age 65 or over.

2020 census
Between 2010 and 2020, the population of Alexander County decreased to 5,240. The 36.4% decline was the largest of any of the 3,138 U.S. counties. Although the population of the county had been decreasing for decades, the closure of the Tamms Correctional Center in 2013 probably caused an acceleration of the decline in the 2010s.

''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.'' As of the 2020 United States census, there were 5,240 people, 2,154 households, and 1,357 families residing in the county.

Education
Here is a list of school districts with any territory in the county, no matter how slight, even if the schools and/or administrative offices are located in other counties:
 * Cairo Unified School District 1
 * Century Community Unit School District 100
 * Egyptian Community Unit School District 5
 * Meridian Community Unit School District 101
 * Shawnee Community Unit School District 84

Unincorporated communities

 * Cache
 * Clank
 * Dawleys
 * Diswood
 * Elco
 * Fayville
 * Future City
 * Gale
 * Golden Lily
 * Klondike
 * Miller City
 * Roth
 * Sandusky
 * Tankville
 * Tatumville
 * Unity
 * Urbandale
 * Willard

Forts

 * Fort Defiance

Politics
Alexander County is unique among antebellum free state rural counties in having a postbellum political history largely determined by a previously disfranchised black electorate. It is most similar in this respect to – though still substantially different from – some counties of the south and the Eastern Shore of Maryland. The county was thus solidly Republican until the New Deal, and gradually turned solidly Democratic up through the presidency of Bill Clinton.

In the twenty-first century, the county has shown a trend towards the GOP due to large-scale black emigration and a rapid swing of its Caucasian population toward Republican candidates. This became clear in 2016, when Donald Trump carried the county by 8.3 points—a hard swing from favorite son Obama's 13.6-point victory four years earlier, and the first time the county voted Republican since 1972. An even harder swing was taken in 2020, when he carried Alexander again by 14.2 points, even as the nation as a whole trended slightly leftward. Furthermore, Dick Durbin lost the county in the simultaneous U.S. Senate election, making it his first Senate election in which he failed to win the county and the first Senate election since 1972 in which a Republican won the county.

Despite the rightward swing taken by the county, the city and county seat of Cairo remains overwhelmingly Democratic.

title: Alexander County, Illinois


text:
Talk:Grand County, Utah

Untitled
Wondering how to edit this U.S. County Entry? The WikiProject U.S. Counties standards might help.

title: Talk:Grand County, Utah


text:
Talk:Carbon County, Utah

Untitled
Wondering how to edit this U.S. County Entry? The WikiProject U.S. Counties standards might help.

Split from Emery County
Many of the histories of this region indicate that the construction of the railroad along the Price River and development of coal for the railroad led to demographic changes which prompted the Utah Territorial Legislature to split Carbon County from Emery County. I hope the sentence I added convenes this adequately. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Yintercept (talk • contribs) 22:19, 10 February 2017 (UTC)

Section on Utah politicians
Thanks to for the addition of J. Bracken Lee. I set it off under a separate heading. If anyone has a better heading than Notable Utah politicians, please insert it. Also, it would be good to add former state senator Mike Dmitrich to this list. In addition, since Carbon County's politics and voting patterns are historically unique from the rest of Utah, they should be mentioned, as there is plenty of research to back up this up. Cortina2 (talk) 01:23, 17 February 2010 (UTC)

Removed Paper Towns
I forgot to fill out the edit box, so apologies. But if you look at the citations (sets of coordinates in Google maps), you see that these two "towns" are a cell tower next to a mountain peak, and an empty field just outside Price, respectively. They're paper towns, they don't actually exist. 73.65.146.100 (talk) 21:52, 16 March 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Carbon County, Utah


text:
Talk:Adams County, Illinois

Untitled
Wondering how to edit this U.S. County Entry? The WikiProject U.S. counties standards might help.

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 8 one external links on Adams County, Illinois. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx to http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx
 * Added archive http://www.webcitation.org/6YSasqtfX?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fprod%2Fwww%2Fdecennial.html to http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090803031829/http://www.stjamesqcy.org:80/ to http://www.stjamesqcy.org/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090621071352/http://www.adamscountyfair.com:80/ to http://www.adamscountyfair.com/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100308003331/http://dnr.state.il.us:80/INPC/09/Area%204/Adams/BurtonCave/BurtonCave.htm to http://dnr.state.il.us/INPC/09/Area%204/Adams/BurtonCave/BurtonCave.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090611073800/http://www.mississippivalleybsa.org:80/saukenauk_info.html to http://www.mississippivalleybsa.org/saukenauk_info.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090708134250/http://www.quincyparkdistrict.com:80/parks_fac.php?park_id=25&submit_park=View%2BPark to http://www.quincyparkdistrict.com/parks_fac.php?park_id=25&submit_park=View+Park
 * Added tag to http://www.adams.net/~waters5
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070310144543/http://www.cyberdriveillinois.com/departments/archives/irad/edgar.html to http://www.census.gov/geo/www/tiger/tgrshp2007/tgrshp2007.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 02:05, 4 October 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 8 external links on Adams County, Illinois. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive http://www.webcitation.org/5zyZRRbB3?url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/17/17001.html to http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/17/17001.html
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.stjamesqcy.org/
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.adamscountyfair.com/
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://dnr.state.il.us/INPC/09/Area%204/Adams/BurtonCave/BurtonCave.htm
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.mississippivalleybsa.org/saukenauk_info.html
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.quincyparkdistrict.com/parks_fac.php?park_id=25&submit_park=View%20Park
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20081205020547/http://www.nationalatlas.gov/ to http://www.nationalatlas.gov/

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 15:13, 26 June 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Adams County, Illinois


text:
Talk:Garfield County, Utah

Untitled
Wondering how to edit this U.S. County Entry? The WikiProject U.S. Counties standards might help

title: Talk:Garfield County, Utah


text:
Talk:Emery County, Utah

Untitled
Wondering how to edit this U.S. County Entry? The WikiProject U.S. Counties standards might help.

title: Talk:Emery County, Utah


text:
Talk:Daggett County, Utah

Untitled
Wondering how to edit this U.S. County Entry? The WikiProject U.S. Counties standards might help.

title: Talk:Daggett County, Utah


text:
Talk:Duchesne County, Utah

Untitled
Wondering how to edit this U.S. County Entry? The WikiProject U.S. Counties standards might help.

title: Talk:Duchesne County, Utah


text:
Haole

Haole (Hawaiian ) is a Hawaiian term for individuals who are not Native Hawaiian, and is applied to people primarily of European ancestry.

Background
The origins of the word predate the 1778 arrival of Captain James Cook, as recorded in several chants stemming from that time. The term was generally given to people of European descent; however, as more distinct terms began to be applied to individual European cultures and other non-European nations, the word haole began to refer mostly to Americans, including American Blacks (who were referred to as haole ʻele ʻele, i.e., "black haole"). Its connotations range from positive, neutral, and descriptive to invective, depending on the context in which it is used. Of the Polynesian race, Robert Louis Stevenson said: "God's best — at least God's sweetest works..." and then wrote of the "beastly haoles". In correspondence to a friend, he stated, "What is a haole? You are one; and so, I am sorry to say, am I".

Etymology
A newspaper challenge in 1929 offered one hundred dollars to anyone who could satisfactorily explain to Dr. Theodore Richards what the word meant. James K. Keola stated that he believed the term only referred to white foreigners, giving as his own references such figures as Stephen Desha and Joseph M. Poepoe. Mr. Keola also believed the origins of the word came from the name Howell, part of Vancouver's team; however, today the name would be pronounced ha-wela. John M. Bright also stated that the term meant white and was in use as early as 1736. He also defined the term to mean "without husk or waif". W. O. Smith stated that in his youth he was told the term came from a fish called ahole. Lorrin Andrews writes in his dictionary that the term only refers to white foreigners and that for Blacks the term haole eleele was used.

"Without breath"
A popular fable is that the word means "without breath". This meaning was attributed to Native Hawaiian Professor Frederick William Kahapula Beckley Jr. by Charles W. Kenn, in his 1944 article in the publication "Paradise of the Pacific". According to that author, Beckley states: "The white people came to be known as ha-ole (without breath) because after they said their prayers, they did not breathe three times as was customary in ancient Hawaii."

Kenn wrote: "In the primary and esoteric meaning, haole indicates a race that has no relation to one's own; an outsider, one who does not conform to the mores of the group; one that is void of the life element because of inattention to natural laws which make for the goodness in man." Albert J. Schütz, former professor of linguistics at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, believes that there is no documentation this ha-ole etymology is accurate and, based on that, states: "Thus, as far as we know, the word haole cannot be separated into shorter words".

Kahiki
According to Juri Mykkanen of the Helsinki Institute of Urban and Regional Studies in his book "Inventing Politics: A New Political Anthropology of the Hawaiian Kingdom", Hawaiians, in trying to understand and make sense of changing alii, projected an entire cosmology onto everything they did and then passed down this narration to descendants. Under this belief, the origins of the term come from Kahiki, the ancestral lands of Hawaiians, stemming from the mele chant, "Kūkanaloa". In this chant a demi-god/hero from Kahiki is described as haole, as referenced in Samuel Kamakau's book Ruling Chiefs of Hawaii (1991), pages 114-115. As a symbol of origin, Kahiki had great significance to Hawaiians who saw themselves as descendants of a divine haole.

Use of the word
Among Hawaiian residents who have descended from various ethnic groups who worked on the plantations (often known as "locals"), "haole" is a term used to describe people of European ancestry. The term itself can be merely descriptive, but it can be used in a way that is pejorative or discriminatory. Haole is only one of several words commonly used in Hawaii to describe various ethnicities. Technically, haole means someone who is foreign, as opposed to someone who is local. Haole has come to be a term for those of European ancestry. Also, it is associated with peoples who exhibit traditions, accents, and habits of the continental United States, as opposed to those which are prevalent in the Hawaiian islands. For example, if someone goes to the continental US and returns speaking with an accent typical of that area, people might say this person has become "haole-fied." Certain foods typical of the continental US could be called "haole food," and if someone does something in a way that is not typical of what is done in Hawaii, that could be called "haole style."

Some native Hawaiians use the word "haole" as an insult or as part of a racial pejorative in incidents of harassment and physical assault towards white people in Hawaii. Hawaiian nationalists and language advocates, including Haunani-Kay Trask, have claimed that the word cannot be understood apart from the history of racial oppression in Hawaii, with Trask saying, "It’s not pejorative — it’s descriptive.”

title: Haole


text:
Talk:Davis County, Utah

Untitled
Wondering how to edit this U.S. County Entry? The WikiProject U.S. Counties standards might help.

title: Talk:Davis County, Utah


text:
Washington County, Idaho

Washington County is a county in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,500. The county seat and largest city is Weiser, with over half of the county's population. The county was established in 1879 when Idaho was a territory and named after U.S. President George Washington.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1474 sqmi, of which 1453 sqmi is land and 21 sqmi (1.4%) is water.

Adjacent counties

 * Adams County - north
 * Gem County - east
 * Payette County - south
 * Malheur County, Oregon - southwest
 * Baker County, Oregon - west

Major highways

 * [[Image:US 95.svg|20px]] US 95

National protected areas

 * Boise National Forest (part)
 * Deer Flat National Wildlife Refuge (part)
 * Payette National Forest (part)

Rivers

 * Snake River
 * Weiser River

Reservoirs

 * Brownlee
 * Crane Creek
 * Mann Creek
 * Paddock Valley

2020 census
As of the census of 2020, there were 10,500 people in 4,112 households living in the county. The population density was 7 /mi2. There were 4,138 housing units at an average density of 3 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 87.61% White, 1.03% Asian, 0.66% Native American, 0.10% Black or African American, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 8.17% from other races, and 2.36% from two or more races. 13.75% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 15.7% were of German, 14.3% English, 10.1% American and 7.7% Irish ancestry.

There were 3,762 households, out of which 32.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.7% were married couples living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.2% were non-families. 23.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.10.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 27.4% under the age of 18, 7.20% from 18 to 24, 23.4% from 25 to 44, 24.3% from 45 to 64, and 17.70% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 95.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.0 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $30,625, and the median income for a family was $35,542. Males had a median income of $27,222 versus $18,053 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,464. About 10.00% of families and 13.30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.60% of those under age 18 and 9.90% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 10,198 people, 4,034 households, and 2,803 families living in the county. The population density was 7.0 PD/sqmi. There were 4,529 housing units at an average density of 3.1 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 86.6% white, 1.0% American Indian, 0.9% Asian, 0.2% black or African American, 9.1% from other races, and 2.2% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 16.8% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 20.0% were English, 18.2% were German, 14.8% were Irish, and 9.6% were American.

Of the 4,034 households, 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.9% were married couples living together, 9.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 30.5% were non-families, and 25.8% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 2.99. The median age was 43.6 years.

The median income for a household in the county was $36,542 and the median income for a family was $46,970. Males had a median income of $36,765 versus $26,406 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,015. About 10.9% of families and 13.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.6% of those under age 18 and 9.6% of those age 65 or over.

2020 census
''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.''

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 10,500 people, 4,035 households, and 2,708 families residing in the county.

Education
The county is served by three school districts based in the county:

 * Weiser District #431
 * Weiser High School
 * Weiser Middle School
 * Park Intermediate School
 * Pioneer Primary School.
 * Cambridge Joint District #432
 * Cambridge Junior-Senior High School
 * Cambridge Elementary School
 * Midvale District #433
 * Midvale Senior High School.
 * Midvale Junior High School
 * Midvale Elementary School

Additionally Payette Joint School District 371 includes a portion of Washington County.

Washington County is in the area (but not the taxing region) of the College of Western Idaho, which has its main campus in Nampa.

Cities

 * Cambridge
 * Midvale
 * Weiser

title: Washington County, Idaho


text:
Valley County, Idaho

Valley County is a rural county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census, the population was 11,746. The county seat is Cascade, and the largest city is McCall. Established in 1917, it was named after the Long Valley of the North Fork of the Payette River, which extends over 30 mi from Payette Lake at McCall south to Cascade to Round Valley. The valley was formerly a summer pasture for livestock from the Boise Valley. Since the completion of the Cascade Dam in 1948, much of the northern valley has been covered by the Cascade Reservoir.

Valley County is home to the Idaho ground squirrel.

History
Packer John Welch, who had contracted to freight supplies to miners of Idaho City, established a camp on Gold Fork Creek and a brush cabin on Clear Creek in the 1860s. He also established a station near what later became the town of Cascade.

During the 1870s, prospectors and miners started searching for gold. The Clara Foltz mines opened on Paddy Flat, and other diggings commenced on Boulder and Gold Fork Creeks. In the late 1870s, the last of the Sheepeater Tribe was removed from Long Valley and Round Valley to a reservation. As the gold sources dwindled, a few of the miners took up squatter's rights. James Horner built a cabin on Clear Creek in 1881, other miners settled on the Payette River.

Also in 1888, the first post offices in Valley County were opened at VanWyck, another one opened at Lardo in 1889. That same year Louis McCall and other settlers took squatter's rights on Payette Lake. Their homesteads were the nucleus of what would later become the town of McCall. A freight stop was established at Lardo to service the increased mining activity at Warren Meadows.

The 1890 census stated 538 people resided in the VanWyck precinct, and 110 resided in the Alpha precinct. Land survey maps drawn in the 1890s show four schools. The maps also point out sawmills at Warner's Pond and on Gold Fork Creek. A small reservoir near VanWyck can also be seen on them. The 1890s were a period of strife for the new settlers. Ranchers from south of Long Valley annually brought their large herds of cattle to graze in Long Valley. The homesteaders resented the intrusion and retaliated on several occasions by slaughtering the outsiders' cattle.

Gold was first discovered in the Thunder Mountain area in 1893, W.H. Dewey began mining on a large scale in 1902. As many as 3,000 miners swarmed into the region.

From the 1910s onwards, logging became, along with farming and ranching, the economic mainstay of Long Valley. Towns distant from the railroad, such as Alpha, Crawford and Roseberry, soon lost their vitality and died. Towns near the railroad, such as Cascade, Donnelly and McCall, thrived and became the population centers of Valley County.

The Stibnite Mining District, located near Yellow Pine, was critical to the country's war effort during World War II.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 3733 sqmi, of which 3665 sqmi is land and 68 sqmi (1.8%) is water. It is the fifth-largest county in Idaho by area.

Adjacent counties

 * Idaho County - north
 * Adams County - west
 * Gem County - southwest
 * Boise County - south
 * Custer County - east
 * Lemhi County - east

National protected areas

 * Boise National Forest (part)
 * Payette National Forest (part)
 * Salmon-Challis National Forest (part)

Highways
The county's primary highway is the north–south State Highway 55, the Payette River Scenic Byway, a designated national scenic byway. It heads north from Eagle in Ada County to Horseshoe Bend in Boise County, and climbs the whitewater of the Payette River to Cascade and McCall. The route turns west at Payette Lake in McCall and ends at New Meadows in Adams County, at the junction with US-95.
 * - Payette River Scenic Byway

Airports
The county has public-use airports owned by the state, by the U.S. Forest Service, and by local municipalities.

 * Bernard USFS Airport (U54)
 * Big Creek Airport (U60)
 * Bruce Meadows Airport (U63)
 * Cabin Creek USFS Airport (I08)
 * Cascade Airport (U70)
 * Donald D. Coski Memorial Airport (U84)
 * Indian Creek USFS Airport (S81)
 * Johnson Creek Airport (3U2)
 * Krassel USFS Airport (24K)
 * Landmark USFS Airport (0U0)
 * Mahoney Creek USFS Airport (0U3)
 * McCall Municipal Airport (MYL)
 * Soldier Bar USFS Airport (85U)
 * Thomas Creek Airport (2U8)

Government and politics
Valley County has long been a Republican stronghold, though it currently gives Democrats larger vote shares than most of Idaho. In 2004, George Bush defeated John Kerry by a 21-point margin (59-38%), whilst in 2008, Valley County was much more competitive than in previous elections, as John McCain defeated Barack Obama by only 7 points (52-45%). Democratic strength is entirely centered around the tourist town of McCall and the surrounding area around the Payette Lake, while the rest of the county remains strongly Republican.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 7,651 people, 3,208 households, and 2,252 families living in the county. The population density was 2 /mi2. There were 8,084 housing units at an average density of 2 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 96.43% White, 0.69% Native American, 0.30% Asian, 0.04% Black or African American, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 1.10% from other races, and 1.40% from two or more races. 1.96% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 19.1% were of German, 16.4% English, 11.3% American and 10.1% Irish ancestry.

There were 3208 households, out of which 28.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.90% were married couples living together, 5.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.80% were non-families. 24.80% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.81.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 23.70% under the age of 18, 4.40% from 18 to 24, 24.90% from 25 to 44, 32.20% from 45 to 64, and 14.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 105.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.40 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $36,927, and the median income for a family was $42,283. Males had a median income of $31,113 versus $21,777 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,246. About 6.20% of families and 9.30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.10% of those under age 18 and 5.60% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 9,862 people, 4,393 households, and 2,870 families living in the county. The population density was 2.7 PD/sqmi. There were 11,789 housing units at an average density of 3.2 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 95.8% white, 0.7% American Indian, 0.4% Asian, 0.1% black or African American, 1.6% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 3.9% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 33.9% were German, 19.3% were English, 12.8% were Irish, 7.6% were American, and 5.5% were Scottish.

Of the 4,393 households, 24.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.8% were married couples living together, 6.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 34.7% were non-families, and 27.9% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.71. The median age was 46.9 years.

The median income for a household in the county was $50,851 and the median income for a family was $59,737. Males had a median income of $40,917 versus $35,876 for females. The per capita income for the county was $27,577. About 11.5% of families and 15.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 29.0% of those under age 18 and 7.3% of those age 65 or over.

Cities

 * Cascade
 * Donnelly
 * McCall

Census-designated places

 * Smiths Ferry
 * Yellow Pine

Other unincorporated communities

 * Big Creek
 * Lake Fork
 * Roseberry
 * Warm Lake

Ski areas

 * Brundage Mountain (1961)
 * Little Ski Hill (1937)
 * Tamarack Resort (2004)

Education
School districts include:
 * Cascade School District 422
 * McCall-Donnelly Joint School District 421

Residents are in the area (but not the taxation zone) for College of Western Idaho.

title: Valley County, Idaho


text:
Twin Falls County, Idaho

Twin Falls County is a county in the south central part of the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census, the population was 90,046, making it the fifth-most populous county in Idaho. The county seat and largest city is Twin Falls. Twin Falls County is part of the Twin Falls, ID Twin Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Prior to the 1860s, the Twin Falls County area was an unorganized part of Shoshone lands, then as part of the Oregon Country. The area was first organized as part of the original Owyhee County in 1864 as part of Idaho Territory. In 1879 it was partitioned away from Owyhee County to form part of Cassia County. The county is named for a split waterfall on the Snake River of the same name. The Snake River is the county's northern boundary.

Even after Idaho became a state in 1890, the Twin Falls area was very sparsely populated and without significant settlements. That changed after the city of Twin Falls was founded in 1904, and Milner Dam was completed in 1905. Most of the county's other towns were established during this period as well. In response to local government needs for these new communities, which were as much as 80 mi away from Cassia County's seat at Albion, Twin Falls County was created by the Idaho Legislature on February 21, 1907.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1928 sqmi, of which 1921 sqmi is land and 7.1 sqmi (0.4%) is water.

Adjacent counties

 * Gooding County - north
 * Jerome County - northeast
 * Cassia County - east
 * Elko County, Nevada - south/Pacific Time Border
 * Owyhee County - west
 * Elmore County - northwest

Major highways

 * [[Image:US 30.svg|20px]] US 30
 * [[Image:US 93.svg|20px]] US 93
 * [[Image:ID-50.svg|20px]] SH-50
 * [[Image:ID-74.svg|20px]] SH-74

National protected areas

 * Hagerman Fossil Beds National Monument
 * Sawtooth National Forest (part)

2010 census
As of the 2010 census, there were 77,230 people, 28,760 households, and 19,954 families living in the county. The population density was 40.2 PD/sqmi. There were 31,072 housing units at an average density of 16.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the county was 88.9% white, 1.2% Asian, 0.8% American Indian, 0.4% black or African American, 0.1% Pacific islander, 6.3% from other races, and 2.3% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 13.7% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 20.2% were German, 14.5% were English, 10.8% were Irish, and 7.0% were American.

Of the 28,760 households, 35.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.1% were married couples living together, 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 30.6% were non-families, and 24.3% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.16. The median age was 34.4 years.

The median income for a household in the county was $42,455 and the median income for a family was $49,188. Males had a median income of $35,777 versus $26,257 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,892. About 10.6% of families and 13.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.9% of those under age 18 and 10.7% of those age 65 or over.

2000 census
As of the 2000 census, there were 64,284 people, 23,853 households, and 16,959 families living in the county. The population density was 33 PD/sqmi. There were 25,595 housing units at an average density of 13 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 92.47% White, 0.19% Black or African American, 0.71% Native American, 0.76% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 3.77% from other races, and 2.02% from two or more races. 9.37% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 17.9% were of German, 17.7% English, 10.9% American and 7.3% Irish ancestry.

There were 23,853 households, out of which 34.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.00% were married couples living together, 9.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.90% were non-families. 23.60% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.13.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 27.90% under the age of 18, 10.40% from 18 to 24, 26.00% from 25 to 44, 21.50% from 45 to 64, and 14.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.70 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $34,506, and the median income for a family was $39,886. Males had a median income of $30,058 versus $20,825 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,678. About 9.10% of families and 12.70% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.00% of those under age 18 and 9.30% of those age 65 or over.

Cities

 * Buhl
 * Castleford
 * Filer
 * Hansen
 * Hollister
 * Kimberly
 * Murtaugh
 * Twin Falls

Unincorporated communities

 * Amsterdam
 * Artesian City
 * Caldron Linn
 * Clover
 * Curry
 * Deep Creek
 * Fairview
 * Godwin
 * Knull
 * Peavey
 * Milner Dam (Extends into) Cassia County and Jerome County
 * Rock Creek
 * Rogerson

Politics
Twin Falls County leans heavily Republican; it has not voted for a Democratic presidential nominee since 1936, and even in the Democratic landslide of 1964 Barry Goldwater still carried Twin Falls by 20 percentage points.

Education
School districts include:
 * Bliss Joint School District 234
 * Buhl Joint School District 412
 * Cassia County Joint School District 151
 * Castleford School District 417
 * Filer School District 413
 * Hagerman Joint School District 233
 * Hansen School District 415
 * Kimberly School District 414
 * Murtaugh Joint School District 418
 * Three Creek Joint Elementary School District 416
 * Twin Falls School District 411

The county is in the catchment area, and the taxation zone, for College of Southern Idaho.

title: Twin Falls County, Idaho


text:
Talk:Wise County, Texas

Untitled
Wondering how to edit this U.S. County Entry? The WikiProject U.S. Counties standards might help.

title: Talk:Wise County, Texas


text:
Teton County, Idaho

Teton County is a county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census, the population was 11,630. The county seat is Driggs, and the largest city is Victor. The county was established in 1915 and was named after the Teton Mountains to the east.

Teton County is part of the Jackson, WY-ID Micropolitan Statistical Area.

The Teton Valley was discovered by John Colter in 1808, a member of the Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804–06). It became known as Pierre's Hole, and it hosted the well-attended 1832 Rendezvous, which was followed by the Battle of Pierre's Hole.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 451 sqmi, of which 449 sqmi is land and 1.1 sqmi (0.2%) is water. It is the second-smallest county in Idaho by area.

Adjacent counties

 * Fremont County - north
 * Madison County - west
 * Bonneville County - south
 * Teton County, Wyoming - east

Major highways

 * [[Image:ID-31.svg|20px]] SH-31
 * [[Image:ID-32.svg|20px]] SH-32
 * [[Image:ID-33.svg|20px]] SH-33

National protected area

 * Targhee National Forest (part)

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 5,999 people, 2,078 households, and 1,464 families living in the county. The population density was 13 /mi2. There were 2,632 housing units at an average density of 6 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 91.32% White, 0.17% Black or African American, 0.55% Native American, 0.18% Asian, 0.23% Pacific Islander, 6.73% from other races, and 0.82% from two or more races. 11.75% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 25.5% were of English, 15.8% German, 7.6% American and 5.1% Irish ancestry.

There were 2,078 households, out of which 39.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.30% were married couples living together, 5.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.50% were non-families. 21.30% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.87 and the average family size was 3.43.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 31.80% under the age of 18, 8.10% from 18 to 24, 33.80% from 25 to 44, 18.90% from 45 to 64, and 7.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 112.70 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 114.50 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $41,968, and the median income for a family was $45,848. Males had a median income of $32,309 versus $22,243 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,778. About 9.70% of families and 12.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.10% of those under age 18 and 7.90% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 10,170 people, 3,651 households, and 2,509 families living in the county. The population density was 22.6 PD/sqmi. There were 5,478 housing units at an average density of 12.2 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 85.6% white, 0.5% Asian, 0.3% American Indian, 0.2% black or African American, 0.1% Pacific islander, 11.7% from other races, and 1.5% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 16.9% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 29.9% were English, 20.3% were German, 13.0% were Irish, and 4.2% were American.

Of the 3,651 households, 39.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.9% were married couples living together, 5.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 31.3% were non-families, and 21.9% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.78 and the average family size was 3.33. The median age was 33.2 years.

The median income for a household in the county was $53,364 and the median income for a family was $56,791. Males had a median income of $39,865 versus $31,966 for females. The per capita income for the county was $23,633. About 5.4% of families and 7.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.8% of those under age 18 and 2.2% of those age 65 or over.

Government and politics
Similar to other Idaho counties, an elected three-member county commission heads the county government. Other elected officials include clerk, treasurer, sheriff, assessor, coroner, and prosecutor.

Until quite recently Teton County voted Republican along with most other Eastern Idaho counties. However, since 2004, the county has strongly trended towards toss-up status. In 2008, it was one of three Idaho counties to favor Barack Obama, despite giving George W. Bush a 23-point victory only four years earlier. The margin was narrow (39 votes) and Obama lost the county to Mitt Romney in 2012 by over five hundred votes; Donald Trump outpolled Hillary Clinton by just eight votes in 2016, the smallest numerical margin in the country. Teton backed Democrat Joe Biden in the 2020 election; he won by 7.3 percentage points, garnering the highest vote share for any Democrat since 1948.

Teton County is one of only thirteen counties to have voted for Obama in 2008, Romney in 2012, Trump in 2016, and Biden in 2020.

At the state level, Teton County is in District 32 of the Idaho Legislature. As neighboring counties are still strongly Republican, the district is not competitive. In Idaho gubernatorial elections, the county had voted for the Democratic nominee in every election from 2006 until 2022, when incumbent Republican Gov. Brad Little won the county in his bid for reelection.

Education
The public schools are operated by Teton County School District 401, the sole school district in the county. The county's only traditional high school, Teton High School, is in Driggs.

The College of Eastern Idaho includes Teton County in its catchment zone; however, the county is not in the College's taxation zone.

Cities

 * Driggs (county seat)
 * Tetonia
 * Victor

Unincorporated communities

 * Bates
 * Felt
 * Clementsville
 * Cache
 * Darby

title: Teton County, Idaho


text:
Shoshone County, Idaho

Shoshone County is a county in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,169. The county seat is Wallace and the largest city is Kellogg. The county was established in 1864, named for the Native American Shoshone tribe.

Shoshone County is commonly referred to as the Silver Valley, due to its century-old mining history. The Silver Valley is famous nationwide for the vast amounts of silver, lead, and zinc mined from it.

History
Shoshone County was formed under the Territory of Washington on January 9, 1861. The territorial legislature established the county in anticipation of the gold rush that occurred after the discovery of gold at Pierce in October 1860. Their location of the northern boundary at a line drawn due east from the mouth of the Clearwater River, unknowingly placed the emerging mining settlement at Pierce outside of the county's boundaries while residents of the new Mormon settlement at Franklin were unknowingly within the established boundaries. Regardless of the geographic reality, the county seat was at Pierce.

Growth at Pierce was so rapid that Shoshone County boasted the largest vote of any county within Washington Territory at the territorial election of July 8, 1861. In less than a year, Shoshone County contained additional settlements at Lewiston, Elk City, Newsome, and Florence. On December 20, 1861, Nez Perce and Idaho counties were created from most of the original territory of Shoshone County. On the following day, Shoshone's boundaries were shifted northward, containing most of present-day Clearwater County and a portion of present-day Shoshone County.

This new boundary alignment left the existing settlement at Pierce and the new settlement of Orofino as the county's only settlements. The county's population dwindled as prospectors abandoned Pierce for gold prospects at Elk City and Florence. Idaho Territory was created in 1863 and the first census of the territory in that year enumerated only 574 residents in Shoshone County. The county boundaries were expanded to include the Silver Valley by the legislative assembly of Idaho Territory when it officially created Shoshone County on February 4, 1864. The expanded territory contained no population at the second census of Idaho Territory in 1864. All of the county's 276 residents were located at Pierce and Orofino. In the 1870 national census, 65% of the population were Chinese.

Until 1904, Shoshone County included present-day Clearwater County to the south. That portion was annexed by Nez Perce County for several years and then was established as a new county in 1911. When the Silver Valley population rose dramatically in the 1880s, the seat was moved to Murray in 1884 (and to Wallace in 1898) to better serve the majority of the county's population. The southern area's population increased with homesteading in the Weippe area in the late 1890s. The vast distance and time required for travel to Wallace from the Clearwater River area prompted the southern portion to move to Nez Perce County. Hard rock miners in Shoshone County protested wage cuts with a strike in 1892. After several died in a shooting war provoked by discovery of a company spy, the U.S. Army forced an end to the strike. Hostilities erupted once again in 1899 when, in response to the company firing seventeen men for joining the union, the miners dynamited the Bunker Hill & Sullivan mill. Again, people died, and the U.S. Army intervened, requested by Governor Frank Steunenberg, as the Idaho National Guard troops were still stationed in the Philippines following the Spanish–American War. Steunenberg was assassinated outside his residence in Caldwell in 1905, nearly five years after leaving office, and the subsequent trials in Boise in 1907 made national headlines.

Much of the county was burned in the Great Fire of 1910, including parts of Wallace.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 2635 sqmi, of which 2630 sqmi is land and 5.5 sqmi (0.2%) is water.

Adjacent counties

 * Bonner County - north
 * Sanders County, Montana - northeast/Mountain Time Border
 * Mineral County, Montana - southeast/Mountain Time Border
 * Clearwater County - south
 * Latah County - southwest
 * Benewah County - west
 * Kootenai County - northwest

Transit

 * Jefferson Lines

National protected areas

 * Clearwater National Forest (part)
 * Coeur d'Alene National Forest (part)
 * St. Joe National Forest (part)

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 13,771 people, 5,906 households, and 3,856 families living in the county. The population density was 5 /mi2. There were 7,057 housing units at an average density of 3 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 95.84% White, 0.11% Black or African American, 1.52% Native American, 0.23% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 0.49% from other races, and 1.74% from two or more races. 1.93% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 22.1% were of German, 14.0% American, 11.3% English, 9.7% Irish and 5.9% Norwegian ancestry.

There were 5,906 households, out of which 26.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.70% were married couples living together, 8.10% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.70% were non-families. 29.40% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.82.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 22.90% under the age of 18, 6.70% from 18 to 24, 25.50% from 25 to 44, 27.40% from 45 to 64, and 17.40% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 99.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.00 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $28,535, and the median income for a family was $35,694. Males had a median income of $30,439 versus $18,831 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,934. About 12.40% of families and 16.40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.80% of those under age 18 and 10.00% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 12,765 people, 5,605 households, and 3,511 families living in the county. The population density was 4.9 PD/sqmi. There were 7,061 housing units at an average density of 2.7 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 95.4% white, 1.4% American Indian, 0.4% Asian, 0.2% black or African American, 0.1% Pacific islander, 0.5% from other races, and 2.0% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 3.0% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 32.2% were German, 17.6% were Irish, 13.5% were English, 6.4% were Norwegian, and 4.4% were American.

Of the 5,605 households, 25.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.5% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 37.4% were non-families, and 31.3% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.79. The median age was 46.2 years.

The median income for a household in the county was $36,654 and the median income for a family was $44,685. Males had a median income of $38,315 versus $25,273 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,020. About 13.8% of families and 17.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.5% of those under age 18 and 8.3% of those age 65 or over.

Politics
Shoshone County was historically a Democratic-leaning county, but in recent years has voted for Republican presidential candidates, while favoring Democratic candidates locally and statewide. The county polled a majority for Democratic Gubernatorial candidate Jerry Brady and Democratic Senatorial candidate Larry LaRocco, but Barack Obama lost in 2008 by an eight-point margin.

Cities

 * Kellogg
 * Mullan
 * Osburn
 * Pinehurst
 * Smelterville
 * Wallace
 * Wardner

Census-designated place

 * Silverton

Unincorporated communities

 * Adair
 * Avery
 * Big Creek
 * Calder
 * Cataldo
 * Clarkia
 * Enaville
 * Gold Creek
 * Hoyt
 * Kingston
 * Murray
 * Prichard

Ghost town

 * Burke

Ski areas

 * Lookout Pass
 * Silver Mountain

Education
School districts include:
 * Avery School District 394
 * Kellogg Joint School District 391
 * Mullan School District 392
 * St. Maries Joint School District 41
 * Wallace School District 393

It is in the catchment area, but not the taxation zone, for North Idaho College.

title: Shoshone County, Idaho


text:
Power County, Idaho

Power County is a county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 Census, the county had a population of 7,878. The county seat and largest city is American Falls. The county was created by the Idaho Legislature on January 30, 1913, by a partition of Cassia County. It is named for an early hydroelectric power plant (1902) at the American Falls.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1443 sqmi, of which 1404 sqmi is land and 38 sqmi (2.7%) is water.

Adjacent counties

 * Bannock County – east
 * Oneida County – south
 * Bingham County – north
 * Blaine County – northwest
 * Cassia County – southwest

Major highways

 * [[Image:I-86.svg|20px]] Interstate 86
 * [[Image:US 30.svg|20px]] US 30
 * [[Image:ID-37.svg|20px]] SH-37
 * [[Image:ID-39.svg|20px]] SH-39

National protected areas

 * Caribou National Forest (part)
 * Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve (part)
 * Curlew National Grassland (part)
 * Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge (part)
 * Sawtooth National Forest (part)

Government
Power County's commissioners are:
 * Ronald Funk (chairman, District 1)
 * William Lasley (District 2)
 * Delane Anderson (District 3)

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 7,538 people, 2,560 households, and 1,968 families living in the county. The population density was 5 /mi2. There were 2,844 housing units at an average density of 2 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 83.78% White, 0.09% Black or African American, 3.29% Native American, 0.32% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 11.10% from other races, and 1.38% from two or more races. 21.73% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 18.0% were of German, 17.6% English and 10.9% American ancestry.

There were 2,560 households, out of which 40.90% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.40% were married couples living together, 8.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.10% were non-families. 20.30% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.92 and the average family size was 3.38.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 33.80% under the age of 18, 8.40% from 18 to 24, 25.40% from 25 to 44, 22.00% from 45 to 64, and 10.40% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.90 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $32,226, and the median income for a family was $36,685. Males had a median income of $29,676 versus $20,930 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,007. About 10.80% of families and 16.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.10% of those under age 18 and 12.70% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 7,817 people, 2,641 households, and 2,019 families living in the county. The population density was 5.6 PD/sqmi. There were 2,944 housing units at an average density of 2.1 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 75.1% white, 2.3% American Indian, 0.4% Asian, 0.3% black or African American, 0.1% Pacific islander, 19.5% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 29.8% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 16.7% were German, 16.7% were English, and 7.2% were American.

Of the 2,641 households, 40.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.6% were married couples living together, 10.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 23.6% were non-families, and 19.8% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.94 and the average family size was 3.39. The median age was 33.2 years.

The median income for a household in the county was $40,843 and the median income for a family was $46,391. Males had a median income of $35,674 versus $29,844 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,412. About 8.3% of families and 11.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.7% of those under age 18 and 12.3% of those age 65 or over.

Cities

 * American Falls
 * Pocatello (partly)
 * Rockland

Census-designated place

 * Arbon Valley

Unincorporated communities

 * Arbon
 * Neeley
 * Pauline
 * Roy

Education
School districts include:
 * American Falls Joint School District 381
 * Arbon Elementary School District 383
 * Rockland School District 382

title: Power County, Idaho


text:
Lono

In Hawaiian religion, the god Lono is associated with fertility, agriculture, rainfall, music and peace. In one of the many Hawaiian stories of Lono, he is a fertility and music god who descended to Earth on a rainbow to marry Laka. In agricultural and planting traditions, Lono was identified with rain and food plants. He was one of the four gods (with Kū, Kāne, and Kāne's twin brother Kanaloa) who existed before the world was created. Lono was also the god of peace. In his honor, the great annual festival of the Makahiki was held. During this period (from October through February), war and unnecessary work was kapu (forbidden).

In Hawaiian weather terminology, the winter Kona storms that bring rain to leeward areas are associated with Lono. Lono brings on the rains and dispenses fertility, and as such was sometimes referred to as Lono-makua (Lono the Provider). Ceremonies went through a monthly and yearly cycle. For 8 months of the year, the luakini (temple) was dedicated to Ku-with strict kapus. Four periods (kapu pule) each month required strict ceremonies. Violators could have their property seized by priests or overlord chiefs, or be sentenced to death for serious breaches.

Lono and Captain Cook
There is some debate to whether Native Hawaiians perceived Captain James Cook as Lono's incarnation, which may have later caused Cook's death (see Third voyage of James Cook). A Hawaiian god or "an ak[ua] is a being of nature, one of immense power, which may be an invisible spirit or a living person." It would not be abnormal for an akua to journey across an ocean, or physically appear, compared to the Judeo-Christian-Islamic god.

In Martha Beckwith's telling Cook was perceived to be the god Lono. It was traditionally held that the god Lono had appeared as a human who then established games and the annual taxing. Before departing to "Kahiki", he promised to return "by sea on the canoes ʻAuwaʻalalua". An unidentified queen identified it as a "Spanish man of war", recalling the alleged arrival of a Spanish galleon. Mary Pukui interpreted this as "very large double canoe", from ʻAu[hau]-waʻa-l[o]a-lua. However, Pukui may have been referring to the Portuguese man o' war, which Hawaiians called ʻAuwaʻalalua.

Noenoe Silva offers the alternate perspective that Cook may not have been perceived as an akua. Instead "Cook may also just have been nicknamed Lono because his ship reminded Kanaka of the mo'olelo, and because 'Cook' was impossible to pronounce."

Other Lonos (different cultures and beliefs)
Better known to the Hawaiian mythology is an earlier Lono-i-ka-makahiki from the ʻUmi line of ruling Hawaii Island aliʻi (i.e., chiefs, royalty). This Lono was born and raised near the graves of Keawe and his descendants, which were near the place of Captain Cook's monument. This Lono may have cultivated the arts of warfare and puns as well as riddle games and spear-dodging games for the Makahiki.

However, it is unlikely either late ruling chiefs on the ʻUmi line was the mythological Lono who departed to Kahiki. Both chiefs were born in Hawaii, and no legend tells of either of them sailing away with a promise to return. A more plausible candidate for the god Lono is the legendary Laʻa-mai-Kahiki (i.e., the "Sacred-one-from-Tahiti), who purportedly lived several centuries earlier.

Laʻa came as a younger member of the Moikeha family of North Tahiti, older members of whom had settled earlier in the Hawaiian archipelago. He brought with him a small hand-drum, and a flute for the hula. Upon his arrival, the locals heard his flute and the rhythm of the new drumbeat, believing it was the god Kupulupulu.

Kupulupulu was worshiped as god of the hula, who also took the form of the flowering lehua tree as well as the god of native fauna that sustained early Polynesian settlers. Especially on Oahu, this Laʻa-mai-kahiki took wives in various districts. Oahu Island was the stronghold of Lono's worship, where many families claimed descent from La'a. He seems to have sailed back to Tahiti at least once before his final departure. This traveler of a great Tahitian family, who appeared like a god, enriched the New Year festivals with games and drama, ultimately influencing the Hawaiians into believing he was a god.

title: Lono


text:
Payette County, Idaho

Payette County is a county located in Idaho in the United States of America. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,386. The county seat and largest city is Payette.

Payette County is part of the Ontario micropolitan area.

History
The county was established in 1917, partitioned from Canyon County. It was named after the Payette River, which was named after French-Canadian François Payette. Originally a fur trapper with the North West Company, Payette was the first white man in the area in 1818.

Payette County is one of the few counties in Idaho to be the home to the endangered Idaho ground squirrel.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 410 sqmi, of which 407 sqmi is land and 3.4 sqmi (0.8%) is water. It is the smallest county in Idaho by area.

Adjacent counties

 * Washington County - north
 * Gem County - east
 * Canyon County - south
 * Malheur County, Oregon - west

National protected area

 * Deer Flat National Wildlife Refuge (part)

Rivers

 * Snake River
 * Payette River

Highways

 * [[Image:I-84.svg|20px]] I 84
 * [[Image:US 30.svg|20px]] US 30
 * [[Image:US 95.svg|20px]] US 95
 * [[Image:ID-52.svg|20px]] SH-52
 * [[Image:ID-72.svg|20px]] SH-72

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 20,578 people, 7,371 households, and 5,572 families living in the county. The population density was 50 PD/sqmi. There were 7,949 housing units at an average density of 20 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 90.25% White, 0.87% Native American, 0.85% Asian, 0.10% Black or African American, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 5.57% from other races, and 2.33% from two or more races. 11.92% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 19.5% were of German, 13.5% English, 12.3% American and 8.3% Irish ancestry.

There were 7,371 households, out of which 37.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.00% were married couples living together, 9.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.40% were non-families. 20.60% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.78 and the average family size was 3.21.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 30.60% under the age of 18, 7.90% from 18 to 24, 26.60% from 25 to 44, 21.70% from 45 to 64, and 13.20% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.80 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $33,046, and the median income for a family was $37,430. Males had a median income of $30,641 versus $21,421 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,924. About 9.70% of families and 13.20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.70% of those under age 18 and 12.20% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 22,623 people, 8,262 households, and 6,017 families living in the county. The population density was 55.6 PD/sqmi. There were 8,945 housing units at an average density of 22.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the county was 88.6% white, 1.1% American Indian, 0.8% Asian, 0.2% black or African American, 0.1% Pacific islander, 6.3% from other races, and 2.8% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 14.9% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 18.9% were American, 16.8% were German, 13.2% were English, and 10.5% were Irish.

Of the 8,262 households, 37.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.4% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 27.2% were non-families, and 22.1% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.19. The median age was 37.2 years.

The median income for a household in the county was $43,559 and the median income for a family was $50,323. Males had a median income of $38,582 versus $25,826 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,814. About 12.0% of families and 15.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.6% of those under age 18 and 9.3% of those age 65 or over.

2020 census
''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.''

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 25,386 people, 9,086 households, and 6,275 families residing in the county.

Education
The county is served by three school districts:
 * Fruitland School District 373
 * New Plymouth School District 372
 * Payette Joint School District 371

 * Payette Joint District 371
 * Payette High School
 * McCain Middle School
 * Payette Primary School
 * Westside Elementary School
 * Payette Night School

 * New Plymouth District 372
 * New Plymouth High School
 * New Plymouth Middle School
 * New Plymouth Elementary School

 * Fruitland District 373
 * Fruitland High School
 * Fruitland Middle School
 * Fruitland Elementary School
 * Fruitland Alternative School

Residents are in the area (but not the taxation zone) for College of Western Idaho.

Cities

 * Fruitland
 * New Plymouth
 * Payette

Unincorporated community

 * Hamilton Corner

Politics
Like most of Idaho, Payette County voters are overwhelmingly Republican. In no presidential election since 1936 has the county selected the Democratic candidate, and Jimmy Carter in 1976 was the last Democrat to crack one third of the county's vote.

title: Payette County, Idaho


text:
Talk:Anderson County, Texas

Untitled
Wondering how to edit this U.S. County Entry? The WikiProject U.S. counties standards might help.

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 5 one external links on Anderson County, Texas. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx to http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx
 * Added archive http://www.webcitation.org/6YSasqtfX?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fprod%2Fwww%2Fdecennial.html to http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov to http://factfinder2.census.gov
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100725201406/http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/stat/unitdirectory/b2.htm to http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/stat/unitdirectory/b2.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100725200918/http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/stat/unitdirectory/b.htm to http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/stat/unitdirectory/b.htm

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 19:03, 12 October 2016 (UTC)

Lynchings
Interesting... Anderson County is mentioned in the Equal Justice Initiatives report on lynchings... "The largest numbers of lynchings were found in Jefferson County, Alabama; Orange, Columbia, and Polk counties in Florida; Fulton, Early, and Brooks counties in Georgia; Caddo, Ouachita, Bossier, Iberia, and Tangipahoa parishes in Louisiana; Hinds County, Mississippi; Shelby County, Tennessee; and Anderson County, Texas."

https://lynchinginamerica.eji.org/report/

96.241.66.209 (talk) 15:07, 27 April 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Anderson County, Texas


text:
Owyhee County, Idaho

Owyhee County is a county in the southwestern corner of the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census, the population was 11,913. The county seat is Murphy, and its largest city is Homedale. In area it is the second-largest county in Idaho, behind Idaho County.

Owyhee County is part of the Boise metropolitan area and contains slightly more than half of the Duck Valley Indian Reservation, which extends over the Nevada border, into Elko County. The majority of the federally recognized Shoshone-Paiute Tribe that is associated with this reservation lives on the Nevada side; its tribal center is in Owyhee, Nevada.

History
This area was the territory of Western Shoshone, Northern Paiute, and Bannock peoples and their ancestors for thousands of years prior to the arrival of European settlers. Settler interests in securing land and resources spurred conflict and led to the indigenous peoples being forced onto reservations.

On December 31, 1863, Owyhee County became the first county organized by the Idaho Territory Legislature. While Boise, Idaho, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties were organized under the laws of Washington Territory, they were not recognized by the Idaho Territory until February 1864. The original county seat at Ruby City was moved to nearby Silver City in 1867.

Owyhee County's original boundary was the portion of Idaho Territory south of the Snake River and west of the Rocky Mountains. Less than a month after the creation of Owyhee County, Oneida County was formed in January 1864 from the eastern portion of the county. The formation of Cassia County in 1879 took further territory in the east.

Owyhee County's history is closely linked to the mining boom that dominated Idaho Territory in the second half of the 19th century. Silver City and Ruby City developed as boom towns. At its height in the 1880s, Owyhee County was among the most populous places in Idaho. Today it is among the least populous, at 1.4 /mi2.

Because of pressure from miners and settlers, the federal government made a treaty in 1877 with the Western Shoshone to cede land, and established what is now known as the Duck Valley Indian Reservation in this county and across the border in Elko County, Nevada. The reservation was expanded in 1886 to accommodate people of the Northern Paiute. In the 20th century, the tribes combined and are federally recognized as a single government; the majority of the people live on the Nevada side of the reservation.

There were two railroad lines extending into Owyhee County, the first was the Boise Nampa & Owyhee Railroad which built starting in 1896 from Nampa, Idaho south towards Melba, Idaho and eventually across the Snake River into Owyhee County in 1897, whereupon it crossed Rabbit Creek before arriving in Murphy, Idaho. The first train into Murphy occurred in 1899. The Boise, Nampa & Owyhee Railroad was acquired by the Idaho Northern Railroad in 1907; the line was taken over by the Oregon Short Line Railroad in 1913 following their purchase of the Idaho Northern Railroad, after which it became known as the Murphy Branch line. Daily passenger service to Murphy was discontinued in 1942. By 1947, shipping animals out of Murphy was no longer profitable for the railroad. The Murphy portion of the line was abandoned in 1947. In the 1950s, trucks and highways became the dominant mode of transportation. The last train left Melba in 1994, and all rails were torn out in that same year.

The second railroad line was the Oregon Shortline Railroad which built south from Nyssa Oregon beginning in 1911, passing through Adrian Oregon the line ended after 25 miles in Homedale Idaho, in 1922 it was extended Marsing Idaho to accommodate additional agricultural traffic. In 1970, the Marsing and Homedale depots were closed by Union Pacific. In 1987, with declining carload, Union Pacific offered the line for sale but no buyers were found. Following the closure of the lumber mill in Homedale in the early 1990s, the Homedale branch (now reduced to the status of an "industrial lead") generated a total of 49 carloads in 1995 and 42 in 1996. In 1997, Union Pacific filed for permission to abandon the Idaho portion of the line and received no formal protest, the tracks were ripped up the following year.

Owyhee County gained its present boundaries in 1930 after an election approved moving a portion of it near Glenns Ferry and King Hill to neighboring Elmore County. In 1934, the county seat was moved from the nearly abandoned Silver City to its present location in Murphy. In the 21st century, both Silver City and Ruby City are ghost towns, remnant of the mining boom.

Etymology
The name "Owyhee" derives from an early anglicization of the Hawaiian term "Hawaii". When James Cook encountered what he named the Sandwich Islands (now the Hawaiian Islands) in 1778, he found them inhabited by Native Hawaiians, whom the Anglo-Americans referred to as "Owyhees". Noted for their hardy physique and maritime skills, numerous Native Hawaiians were hired as crew members aboard European and American vessels. Many Native Hawaiians sailed to the American Northwest coast and found employment along the Columbia River, where they joined trapping expeditions or worked at some of the fur trading posts.

In 1819, three Native Hawaiians joined Donald Mackenzie's Snake expedition, which went out annually into the Snake country for the North West Company, a Montreal-based organization of Canadian fur traders. The three Hawaiians left the main party during the winter of 1819–1820 to explore the then unknown terrain of what since has been called the Owyhee River and mountains. They disappeared and were presumed dead; no further information regarding their whereabouts has been found. In memory of these Native Hawaiians, British fur trappers started to call the region "Owyhee" and the name stuck.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 7697 sqmi, of which 7666 sqmi is land and 31 sqmi (0.4%) is water. It is the second-largest county in Idaho by area.

Nearly all of the county is high intermountain desert, with plentiful sagebrush and basalt canyons. The Owyhee Mountains in the west dominate the landscape, with Hayden Peak reaching 8403 ft above sea level. The lowest elevation is at the county's northwest corner, where the Snake River is just above 2000 ft at the Oregon border. The Snake forms most of the county's northern border from Oregon to just west of Glenns Ferry in Elmore County. A tributary of the Snake is the Bruneau River, which flows north from Nevada through the eastern section of the county. The Owyhee River starts in the southwestern part of the county and flows westward into Oregon; it eventually enters the Snake at the state border, south of Nyssa.

Adjacent counties

 * Canyon County – north
 * Ada County – north
 * Elmore County – north
 * Twin Falls County – east
 * Elko County, Nevada – south/Pacific Time Border
 * Humboldt County, Nevada – southwest/Pacific Time Border
 * Malheur County, Oregon – west

National protected areas

 * Big Jacks Creek Wilderness
 * Bruneau - Jarbidge Rivers Wilderness
 * Deer Flat National Wildlife Refuge (part)
 * Little Jacks Creek Wilderness
 * North Fork Owyhee Wilderness
 * Owyhee River Wilderness
 * Pole Creek Wilderness
 * Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area (part)

2000 census
As of the 2000 U.S. census, there were 10,644 people, 3,710 households, and 2,756 families living in the county. The population density was 1.4 /mi2. There were 4,452 housing units at an average density of 1 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 76.87% White, 0.15% Black or African American, 3.21% Native American, 0.47% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 16.50% from other races, and 2.72% from two or more races. 23.10% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 14.3% were of American, 12.5% German, 10.4% English, and 8.1% Irish ancestry.

There were 3,710 households, out of which 37.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.20% were married couples living together, 8.70% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.70% were non-families. 21.80% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.85 and the average family size was 3.35.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 31.90% under the age of 18, 8.50% from 18 to 24, 26.50% from 25 to 44, 20.90% from 45 to 64, and 12.10% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 109.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.60 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $28,339, and the median income for a family was $32,856. Males had a median income of $25,146 versus $20,718 for females. The per capita income for the county was $13,405. About 14.20% of families and 16.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.80% of those under age 18 and 12.10% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the 2010 U.S. census, there were 11,526 people, 4,076 households, and 2,954 families living in the county. The population density was 1.5 PD/sqmi. There were 4,781 housing units at an average density of 0.6 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 76.0% white, 4.3% American Indian, 0.5% Asian, 0.2% black or African American, 16.6% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 25.8% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 19.6% were American, 13.8% were German, 9.5% were English, and 9.4% were Irish.

Of the 4,076 households, 36.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.3% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 27.5% were non-families, and 23.0% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.79 and the average family size was 3.29. The median age was 36.0 years.

The median income for a household in the county was $33,441 and the median income for a family was $36,405. Males had a median income of $31,404 versus $29,167 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,373. About 18.0% of families and 22.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 33.9% of those under age 18 and 10.8% of those age 65 or over.

Media

 * The Owyhee Avalanche County newspaper

Cities

 * Grand View
 * Homedale
 * Marsing

Census-designated places

 * Bruneau
 * Murphy

Unincorporated communities

 * Claytonia
 * Murphy Hot Springs
 * Oreana
 * Reynolds
 * Riddle

Ghost towns

 * De Lamar
 * Dewey
 * Grasmere
 * Ruby City
 * Silver City
 * Wickahoney

Politics
Although Owyhee County was amongst the most Democratic in the state in its early history, it has like most of Idaho gradually turned overwhelmingly Republican. In no presidential election since 1940 has the county selected the Democratic candidate, and no Democrat since Jimmy Carter in 1976 has won more than one-third of the county's vote.

Education
School districts include:
 * Bruneau-Grand View Joint School District 365
 * Castleford School District 417
 * Glenns Ferry Joint School District 192
 * Homedale Joint School District 370
 * Marsing Joint School District 363
 * Melba Joint School District 136
 * Pleasant Valley Elementary School District 364
 * Three Creek Joint Elementary School District 416

Residents in a portion of the county are in the area (but not the taxation zone) for College of Western Idaho. In the remainder, it is in the area (but not the taxation zone) for College of Southern Idaho.

title: Owyhee County, Idaho