text:
Smith Island, Maryland

Smith Island is a collection of three distinct island communities – Tylerton, Rhodes Point, and Ewell, Maryland – on the Chesapeake Bay, on the border of Maryland and Virginia territorial waters in the United States. The island is the last inhabited island in Maryland that is not accessible by vehicle. (The Virginia portion of the island is not currently inhabited.) Most of the islands are eroding due to tidal currents and sea level rise; a study conducted in 2008 by the DNR reported that Smith Island is expected to completely erode by 2100 if no action is taken.

The island's population is approximately 220, down from a peak of about 800. On its Maryland side, Smith Island is a census-designated place (CDP) in Somerset County. It is included in the Salisbury, Maryland-Delaware Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
Smith Island lies approximately 10 mi west of Crisfield, Maryland, across the Tangier Sound portion of the Chesapeake Bay. The island consists of three communities, namely Ewell, Tylerton, and Rhodes Point, which all sit on the Maryland portion of the island. The Virginia portion is uninhabited, although it once contained many homes of early settlers.

Although a portion of this island lies within Virginia, "Smith Island, Virginia" refers to a separate but identically named barrier island off Cape Charles.

Sea level rise
By the 2010s, the island had shrunk, mainly from erosion and rising sea levels. In the last 150 years, Smith Island has lost over 3300 acre of wetlands. The island is projected to be completely eroded by 2100 should the sea level rise by another foot. Preventative measures have been implemented, including a jetty-building project completed in 2018, and the realignment of waterways through dredging. These restoration efforts will be ongoing for the next 50 years to restore 1900 acre of submerged aquatic vegetation and 240 acre of wetlands. Moreover, the island is building additional coastal defenses.

Demographics
The Smith Island CDP is located in a small town–area in the central part of the island, spread across the three villages of Ewell, Rhodes Point, and Tylerton, all located in the state of Maryland. The northern part of Smith Island also includes the Martin National Wildlife Refuge. The southernmost portion of the island, consisting of marsh, lies in Accomack County, Virginia.

As of the 2010 Census, there were 276 people residing in the Smith Island CDP. The population density was 81.7 PD/sqmi. There were 218 housing units, at an average density of 57.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 99.6% White, 0.82% African American, 0.27% Native American, and 0.82% from two or more races. 51% of Smith Island's residents were English, 4% Greek, 3% Irish, 3% Scottish, and 3% French.

There were 167 households, of which 19.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.5% were married couples living together, 4.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.9% were non-families. 29.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.18, and the average family size was 2.69.

The median age was 50 years, with 14.6% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 22.3% from 25 to 44, 34.6% from 45 to 64, and 23.1% who were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females, there were 95.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.8 males.

The median household income was $26,324, and the median family income was $29,375. Males had a median income of $26,250, versus $28,750 for females. The per capita income was $25,469. About 14.4% of families and 37.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.9% of those under age 18 and 67.9% of those age 65 or over.

Transportation
Smith Island has no airport and no bridges to the mainland; it can be accessed only by boat. Passenger-only ferries connect Smith Island at Ewell to Point Lookout, Maryland, and Reedville, Virginia, on the Western shore of the Chesapeake Bay (seasonal), and from Crisfield, Maryland, on its Eastern Shore (year-round). A daily passenger ferry also runs between Crisfield, Maryland, and the smaller island of Tylerton, Maryland.

Few motor vehicles exist on the islands, and these are all in the northern community of Ewell and the connected Rhodes Point. Main modes of transportation for all three communities include golf carts as well as non-motorized transportation.

History and language
The island was charted by John Smith. British settlers arrived on the island in the 17th century, coming from Cornwall and Wales, as well as Dorset, England, via Virginia. The island's population peaked in the 1900s, at 800.

Smith Island is inhabited by one of the region's oldest English-speaking communities, known for its relic accent, which preserves many speech patterns from the original English colonial settlers. The local dialect is like the dialects of the West Country of England, including Cornwall. The dialect contains some relict features indicative of its origins. The dialect is like the Ocracoke Brogue, sometimes referred to as the Outer Banks Brogue. However, it even more closely resembles the unique accent on the nearby Tangier Island, Virginia.

The 1940 Maryland guide described a series of economic conflicts that characterized relationships between the inhabitants of Smith Island, the inhabitants of nearby Tangier Island, and agencies of the Federal government in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. For example, although 23,000 acres of rich oyster beds had been ceded from Maryland to Virginia in 1877,"the Smith Island men kept on dredging there for 50 years despite repeated attacks by Virginia patrol boats and inter-island battles in which oystermen on both sides were killed and wounded. The warfare ended only when the oysters in the area died ... Although killing wild ducks for market has been outlawed by Federal enactment since 1918, Smith Island remains a source of anxiety to the United States Biological Survey. Wardens risk their lives when drawn to the lonely island marshes by the deep booming of swivel guns mounted in sneak-boats—artillery that throws a pound of shot at a blast to kill and cripple ducks by the hundreds. To spot wire-enclosed duck traps, wardens in airplanes drop streamers of paper for the guidance of wardens in boats who attempt to make arrests, sometimes successfully, sometimes not. The islanders are sure that God has given them the ducks, oysters, fish, and crabs to take as they wish and they bitterly resent man-made game laws."

The Island Belle, a former passenger ferry to the islands, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

After Hurricane Sandy in 2012, the Maryland Department of Housing and Community Development offered buyouts to landowners, most of whom refused the offer.

Smith Island cake
Smith Island traditions include a region-specific cuisine, its most famous dish being the Smith Island cake, somewhat resembling the Prinzregententorte, with eight to fifteen thin layers alternating with cooked chocolate frosting.

Beginning in the 1800s, Smith Islanders would send these cakes with the watermen on the autumn oyster harvest. The bakers began using fudge instead of buttercream frostings, as cakes frosted with fudge lasted much longer than cakes with other types of frosting.

Scratch recipes typically involve evaporated milk, while recipes based on commercial cake mixes add condensed milk.

The most common recipes yield yellow cake with chocolate frosting, but other flavor variations include coconut, fig, strawberry, lemon, and orange. Smith Island cake is baked for any occasion, a dessert that needs no holiday.

Smith Island cake is also baked as the feature prize for a local fundraising tradition called a cake walk, which is a game played like musical chairs where donated cakes serve as the prize. Great attention is paid to the perfection of the pencil-thin layers that form the distinctive cake. Before each round, the prize Smith Island cake at stake is cut in half and shown to the players, who pay to participate in the game. A poorly stacked Smith Island cake may not attract many players and, as a result, not raise as much money as a more perfectly executed cake.

Smith Island cake became the officially designated state dessert of Maryland on April 24, 2008.

title: Smith Island, Maryland


text:
West Pocomoke, Maryland

West Pocomoke is a census-designated place (CDP) in Somerset County, Maryland, United States. The population was 498 at the 2000 census. It is included in the Salisbury, Maryland-Delaware Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
West Pocomoke is located at 38.085°N, -75.59667°W (38.085027, −75.596581).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 9.6 sqmi, of which 9.4 sqmi is land and 0.2 sqmi (2.49%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 498 people, 217 households, and 141 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 53.1 PD/sqmi. There were 239 housing units at an average density of 25.5/sq mi (9.8/km$2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 66.47% White, 32.93% African American, 0.20% Native American, 0.20% Asian, and 0.20% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.40% of the population.

There were 217 households, out of which 19.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.2% were married couples living together, 10.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.0% were non-families. 28.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.83.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 19.3% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 26.9% from 25 to 44, 27.3% from 45 to 64, and 19.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.5 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $21,635, and the median income for a family was $29,792. Males had a median income of $25,865 versus $16,058 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $26,318. About 17.2% of families and 20.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 50.0% of those under age 18 and 24.8% of those age 65 or over.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: West Pocomoke, Maryland


text:
California, Maryland

California is a census-designated place and community in St. Mary's County, Maryland, United States. The population was 11,857 at the 2010 census, an increase of 27.4% from the 2000 census. California has been growing with the spread of population from the older adjacent community of Lexington Park and the growth in both technology-related and defense-related jobs at the Patuxent River Naval Air Station. There are department stores and numerous shopping centers situated along Maryland Highway 235 ("Three Notch Road"). Maryland Route 4 crosses Highway 235 in California, providing access to the wide Governor Thomas Johnson Bridge and the popular weekend resort town of Solomons on its opposite side. Bridge-bound traffic is notorious for backing up during rush hour.

History
The community was named after the state of California before 1897. The exact origins are unknown, however one story is that a family from the state moved to the area, using materials from their home state to build their new house, called the “California Farmstead.” Eventually, the name stuck.

Geography
California is located at 38.30551°N, -76.49452°W.

According to the United States Census Bureau, California has a total area of 14.8 sqmi, of which 12.8 sqmi is land and 1.9 sqmi (12.64%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 11,857 people residing in California in 4,327 households. The population density was 928.1 PD/sqmi. There were 4,697 housing units and a 71.8% home ownership rate. The racial makeup was 70.7% White, 18.3% Black, 5.7% Hispanic or Latino, 4.6% Asian, 0.5% Indigenous American, and 0.1% Pacific Islander.

Of the 4,327 households, 42.7% had children under the age of 18 living in them, 57.2% had married couples, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.4% were non-families. 25.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.31.

The population consisted of 29.8% under the age of 20, 6.6% from 20 to 24, 17.7% from 25 to 34, 17.3% from 35 to 44, 11.4% from 45 to 54, 10.5% from 55 to 64, and 6.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32.5 years. The population was 49.1% male and 50.9% female.

The median household income was $85,240 and the median family income was $91,935. Male full-time year-round workers had a median income of $63,657 versus $44,390 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $35,386. Just 0.8% of families and 3.1% of people were below the poverty line, including 2.3% of people under age 18 and 4.8% of those age 65 or over. In 2017, California, Maryland was listed as the metropolitan area with the fourth highest number of households with investable assets above one million dollars. In 2019, Forbes Magazine listed California, Maryland as one of the best small places for business and careers in the nation with a ranking of 69.

title: California, Maryland


text:
Charlotte Hall, Maryland

Charlotte Hall is a census-designated place (CDP) in Charles and St. Mary's counties, Maryland, United States. The population was 1,420 at the 2010 census. The Maryland Veterans Home for disabled veterans, is located on the site of the former Charlotte Hall Military Academy. The Academy site was declared the Charlotte Hall Historic District, and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. Since 1940, a sizable Amish farming community has existed nearby, along with a farmers' market and large flea market complex on Maryland Route 5, which is also the site of numerous strip-mall businesses continuing into the adjacent community of Mechanicsville. A U.S. Veterans Affairs clinic is across the highway from the Veterans Home.

Geography
Charlotte Hall is located at 38.47722°N, -76.77639°W (38.477210, −76.776323).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 5.1 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,214 people, 317 households, and 239 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 237.8 PD/sqmi. There were 332 housing units at an average density of 65.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 76.03% White, 20.18% African American, 0.91% Native American, 0.08% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, and 2.72% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.58% of the population.

There were 317 households, out of which 30.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.8% were married couples living together, 15.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.3% were non-families. 15.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.82 and the average family size was 3.15.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 18.1% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 21.1% from 25 to 44, 22.1% from 45 to 64, and 33.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50 years. For every 100 females, there were 150.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 170.1 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $51,111, and the median income for a family was $49,167. Males had a median income of $33,056 versus $21,071 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $17,882. About 14.5% of families and 19.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 33.0% of those under age 18 and 5.6% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * William Saunders Crowdy, the African-American theologian, was born as a slave here in 1847

title: Charlotte Hall, Maryland


text:
Golden Beach, Maryland

Golden Beach is an upscale census-designated place (CDP) in St. Mary's County, Maryland, United States. The population was 3,796 at the 2010 census. It consists of a small housing development with a private beach, located within the larger postal designation of Mechanicsville. One resident is popular 1960s romantic recording artist Ronnie Dove.

Colonial history
A 50-acre portion of the area now named Golden Beach was a plantation called "The Fishing Place" which was awarded to Thomas Lamar in 1677 (because spelling varied in those days, in the grant he is called "LaMare"). It was one of several plantations eventually owned by Lamar but he considered it his favorite as it was his primary residence.

The original survey of one of Lamar's parcels at Trent Creek was carried out in 1676.

A grant of land is recorded in the Maryland archives and reads:

"Charles, Absolute Lord and Proprietary of the province of Maryland and Avalon Lord Baron of Baltimore, &c.	To all persons to whom these presents shall come, Greetings in our Lord God Everlasting. Know ye that we for and in consideration that Thomas LaMare of Calvert County in our said province of Maryland hath due unto him fifty acres of land within our Province ...upon such conditions and terms as are expressed in the Conditions of Plantation of our late father Cecelius of noble memory under his greater seal at Arms bearing date at London the second day of July of our Lord 1649...	Do hereby grant unto him the said Thomas LaMare all the parcel of land called The Fishing Place situate lying and being in Calvert County on the West side of Patuxent River and North side of Trent Creek...To have and to hold the same unto him the said Thomas La Mare, his heirs and assigns forever-to be holden of us and our heirs at our receipt of St. Marries at the two most usual feasts of the year, viz: at the feast of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary and the feast of St. Michael the Arch Angel by even and equal portions the Rent of two Shilling Sterling in Silver or Gold. Given at our city of St. Marries under the great seal of our said Province of Maryland the fifth day of April in the second year of our dominion over our said Province Annoque Dam.... One Thousand Six hundred seventy seven."

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,665 people, 921 households, and 749 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,027.3 PD/sqmi. There were 970 housing units at an average density of 373.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 94.71% White, 2.40% African American, 0.26% Native American, 0.75% Asian, 0.15% Pacific Islander, 0.30% from other races, and 1.43% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.68% of the population.

There were 921 households, out of which 38.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.1% were married couples living together, 7.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.6% were non-families. 14.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.89 and the average family size was 3.17.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 27.8% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 29.9% from 25 to 44, 27.1% from 45 to 64, and 8.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.8 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $64,697, and the median income for a family was $65,655. About 3.6% of families and 3.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.2% of those under age 18 and 3.1% of those age 65 or over.

title: Golden Beach, Maryland


text:
Leonardtown, Maryland

Leonardtown is a town in and the county seat of St. Mary's County, Maryland, United States. The population was 4,563 at the 2020 census.

Historic Leonardtown includes both a large public high school and a public middle school Leonardtown Middle School as well as a Catholic high school and an elementary school Leonardtown Elementary School, offices of the county government, and St. Mary's Hospital which serves the healthcare needs of the county. The College of Southern Maryland maintains a growing satellite campus within city limits, including an aquatic center. An upscale home development located in the Breton Bay area is just outside town, notable for both its country club golf course and swimming pool.

Leonardtown's population has grown significantly since 1990 as a result of the town's proximity to Patuxent River Naval Air Station and the Washington metro area.

Geography
Leonardtown is located at 38.29528°N, -76.63806°W (38.295332, -76.637939).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 3.25 sqmi, of which 3.18 sqmi is land and 0.07 sqmi is water.

Transportation
The primary method of travel to and from Leonardtown is by road, and three state highways serve the town directly. The most prominent of these is Maryland Route 5, which follows Point Lookout Road through Leonardtown. Heading north, MD 5 provides connections to U.S. Route 301 in Waldorf and Interstate 95/Interstate 495 (the Capital Beltway) near Washington, D.C. Heading south, MD 5 eventually reaches Point Lookout. The other two state highways serving the town directly are Maryland Route 245, which connects Leonardtown to Maryland Route 235 in Hollywood, and Maryland Route 243, which passes Compton before ending at Newtowne Neck State Park. Although not directly serving Leonardtown, MD 5 also has junctions with Maryland Route 4 and Maryland Route 234 just outside the town limits.

Early history
Records indicate that by 1654, county court was conducted at the house of John Hammond in the area known as "Newtown" or "Newtowne Hundred". During the late 17th century, it appears that court was held at various homes throughout Newtown, and that it was only in 1708 that an official town with a designated courthouse was established. It was during this same year that Phillip Lynes, then Mayor of St. Mary's City, Maryland's colonial capital, designated fifty acres of land at the head of "Brittons Bay" to be divided into 100 lots. He further ordered that one lot be set aside for a county courthouse to be built at an expense not to exceed 12,000 pounds of tobacco. At this time, Newtown was promptly renamed Seymour Town in honor of Governor John Seymour. Nearly 20 years later, Seymour Town was renamed again to Leonard Town in honor of Benedict Leonard Calvert, who was Maryland's governor during this period. In the decades that followed, Leonard Town became the place where local residents conducted their official business with the colony. Farm products were regularly shipped through the port.

The 19th century
During the War of 1812, the British blockaded the Chesapeake Bay. 1,000 British Marines invaded the town. This crippled the Tidewater economy and subjected areas to repeated British plundering and destruction. By 1860, the town had approximately 35 dwellings within these corporate limits. It was home to the county's newspaper, two hotels and several stores. During the American Civil War, a Union Naval contingent occupied Leonardtown, searching all houses for weapons and supplies intended for shipment across the Potomac River to Virginia as Southern Maryland and the town's sympathies lay with the Confederacy. Leonardtown served as a busy port and steamboat landing. Until the passing of the steamboat era, steamboats carried goods and passengers all over the Chesapeake Bay area well into the 20th century, and a floating theater docked each year at the port, providing entertainment.

The 20th century to the present
Historic Leonardtown remains the only incorporated municipality in St. Mary's County with its own elected mayor and town council. The town is experiencing a renaissance of its downtown as witnessed by recent openings of several new restaurants and businesses, some of which are located in historic buildings. An old order Mennonite farming community is located a few miles to the northwest, where community members sell furniture, crafts, produce, and other homemade/home grown products. A large, modern public library and seniors center opened in 2021. The Leonardtown Wharf waterfront park opened as a public attraction for both locals and tourists in May 2008. Facilities for boating, kayaking and canoeing are also planned. The Naval Air Base located at Patuxent River has boosted the economy in Leonardtown significantly. Many families have relocated to Leonardtown as a result of the base. St. Andrew's Church and Tudor Hall were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

The United States National Oyster Festival, which hosts an annual oyster shucking competition, has been held annually in Leonardtown since 1967.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 2,930 people, 1,067 households, and 614 families living in the town. The population density was 921.4 PD/sqmi. There were 1,156 housing units at an average density of 363.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 77.0% White, 14.9% African American, 0.9% Native American, 2.7% Asian, 1.2% from other races, and 3.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 3.6% of the population.

There were 1,067 households, of which 32.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.6% were married couples living together, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 42.5% were non-families. 37.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 22% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 3.15.

The median age in the town was 40.8 years. 23.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.1% were from 25 to 44; 24.2% were from 45 to 64; and 19.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 48.7% male and 51.3% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,896 people, 598 households, and 367 families living in the town. The population density was 611.0 PD/sqmi. There were 646 housing units at an average density of 208.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 70.78% White, 26.00% African American, 0.11% Native American, 1.48% Asian, 0.37% from other races, and 1.27% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 0.84% of the population.

There were 598 households, out of which 26.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.8% were married couples living together, 16.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.5% were non-families. 33.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.80.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 15.9% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 28.3% from 25 to 44, 18.3% from 45 to 64, and 30.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 83.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 78.9 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $35,563, and the median income for a family was $42,083. Males had a median income of $35,417 versus $25,125 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,614. About 12.9% of families and 21.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.9% of those under age 18 and 19.9% of those age 65 or over.

title: Leonardtown, Maryland


text:
Lexington Park, Maryland

Lexington Park is a census-designated place (CDP) in St. Mary's County, Maryland, United States, and the principal community of the Lexington Park, Maryland Micropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 11,626 at the 2010 census.

Native American presence
Native American peoples inhabited the area as early as 3500 B.C. At the time of the arrival of the first colonists, the area was inhabited by tribes of the Piscataway Indian Nation, including the Yaocomico, Mattawoman, Pamunkey, Mattaponi and Nanjemoy. The Piscataway Nation, although fragmented, still exists today, and has small communities and cultural centers in other parts of the county.

Colonial era
The area was expanded into by "planters" (mostly tobacco farmers) who moved into the area as the original settlement in St. Mary's City grew. Early plantations were first farmed by indentured and free labor, but in the late 1600s slavery began to establish itself in Maryland and the character of farming changed due to this. Wealth was concentrated in very few hands and small free farmers and laborers were pushed out or "down" (into poverty) due to competition with slave labor.

Pre-1940s community
Before the establishment of the Patuxent Naval Air Station, there were tobacco farms in what is now Lexington Park, or the base proper, and also crabbing, fishing and oyster harvesting communities in the waterfront areas. Many residents of these communities had roots going back more than 300 years in the area. Many were pushed out by eminent domain land seizures during World War Two, in order to create the new military base. Memories of this loss are still strong among older county residents. The economic boost brought by the base was welcome, but many never felt sufficiently compensated for the loss of their centuries-old homes, landholdings and fishing and farming community.

Nearby, Dashiell Hammett, noted novelist, was born on May 27, 1894.

World War Two: Advent of naval base spurs establishment of "Lexington Park"
"Lexington Park" came into being in 1943 with the establishment of the Patuxent Naval Air Station during World War II, and was named for the recently sunk USS Lexington (CV-2) aircraft carrier. Prior to this Lexington Park was called "Jarboesville". John Glenn, Alan Shepard, and many noted astronauts trained there. In 1977 the Governor Thomas Johnson Bridge spanning the Patuxent River linked the area to Calvert County and Solomons, Maryland.

In recent years several aerospace and high-tech companies have located in the area bringing additional jobs. Continually expanding shopping centers along Maryland Route 235 ("Three Notch Road") and Great Mills Road have many department stores.

Town
Lexington Park in seaside St. Mary's County is one of the nation's fastest-growing "micropolitan" areas, expanding by 14.6 percent since 2000, largely on the strength of military growth. The county population has surpassed 100,000 in 2010. In addition, Southern Maryland is the fast-growing area in the state, and a very desirable bedroom community for people who work in the District of Columbia, but unlike neighboring Charles and Calvert counties, many in St. Mary's County both work and live in the county.

Base
The Patuxent River Naval Air Station, which is based in Lexington Park, employs about 20,000 people, driving about 75 percent of the economy in St. Mary's County and providing roughly $3 billion to the state economy.

Civilian home prices
The average price of a home in St. Mary's County in 2014 is $252,100, compared with $337,501 in 2007, and about $200,000 in 2003. The area is surrounded by farmland and has a countryside charm with a historical appeal. In addition, there are many high tech jobs.

Elementary and Secondary schools
Lexington Park's public schools are part of the St. Mary's County Public Schools. The schools in town include Town Creek Elementary, Greenview Knolls Elementary, Lexington Park Elementary, George Washington Carver Elementary, Esperanza Middle, and Spring Ridge Middle. Great Mills High, Chesapeake Public Charter, and Fairlead Academy are also close by in neighboring Great Mills.

St. Mary's College of Maryland
St. Mary's College of Maryland is located seven miles south of Lexington Park and is one of only two public honors colleges in the nation.

It is ranked "5th in the nation" under the "public colleges" category by U.S. News & World Report.

It is also ranked "4th in the nation" under the category of "Best schools for veterans" by U.S. News & World Report.

College of Southern Maryland
The College of Southern Maryland, a community college, offers classes in and near the area.

Merchant Marine academy
The Paul Hall Center for Maritime Studies (a merchant marine academy) is only about 20 minutes away.

Archeological sites
Mattapany-Sewall Archeological Site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Other archeological research is done periodically on parts of the naval base (and its adjacent waters), focusing on Civil War, War of 1812 and colonial research.

United States Colored Troops Memorial Statue
The United States Colored Troops Memorial Statue is located in Lexington Park. It is a nationally recognized memorial to the more than 700 African-American soldiers and sailors from St. Mary's County who served in the Union forces during the Civil War. The memorial also includes an educational display. Special celebrations are also held there each year.

The mission of the site is to welcome people of all backgrounds, to honor those who served and to tell their story. The memorial is located in John G. Lancaster Park on 21550 Willows Road.

St. Richards Manor
St. Richard's Manor was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Historic St. Mary's City
Historic St. Mary's City, seven miles south of Lexington Park, is the site of the founding of the Maryland colony as well as being recognized as the birthplace of religious freedom in America. It is now a reconstructed colonial town, a museum complex, and a center for living history. It also features the Maryland Dove, a full-sized working replica of the sailing ship that bore the first colonists to the new Maryland colony.

The complex shows what colonial life was like in what is now Lexington Park as well as both areas were originally part of the same settlement.

Geography
Lexington Park is located at 38.25889°N, -76.45056°W (38.258906, −76.450592).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 8.1 sqmi, of which 8.0 sqmi is land and 0.1 sqmi (1.24%) is water.

Climate
Lexington Park has a humid subtropical climate under the Köppen climate classification, with hot, humid summers and mild winters.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 11,021 people, 3,923 households, and 2,459 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,378.9 PD/sqmi. There were 4,630 housing units at an average density of 579.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 59.99% White, 30.00% African American, 0.38% Native American, 4.22% Asian, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 1.81% from other races, and 3.48% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.78% of the population.

There were 3,923 households, out of which 41.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.9% were married couples living together, 14.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.3% were non-families. 29.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 2.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.34.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 31.5% under the age of 18, 14.0% from 18 to 24, 39.3% from 25 to 44, 12.2% from 45 to 64, and 3.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 27 years. For every 100 females, there were 114.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 120.5 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $39,214, and the median income for a family was $42,095. Males had a median income of $30,762 versus $24,155 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $17,605. About 9.9% of families and 11.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.4% of those under age 18 and 10.6% of those age 65 or over.

title: Lexington Park, Maryland


text:
Cordova, Maryland

Cordova is a census-designated place (CDP) in Talbot County, Maryland, United States. The population was 551 at the 2020 census, down from 592 at the 2000 census.

Geography
Cordova is located at 38.87778°N, -75.99111°W (38.877699, −75.990973).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 4.9 sqmi, all land.

It is located north of Easton, east of U.S. Route 50.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 592 people, 214 households, and 167 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 122.0 PD/sqmi. There were 230 housing units at an average density of 47.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 89.70% White, 9.80% African American, 0.17% Native American, 0.17% from other races, and 0.17% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.69% of the population.

There were 214 households, out of which 39.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.7% were married couples living together, 11.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.5% were non-families. 18.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.77 and the average family size was 3.15.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 28.9% under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 28.7% from 25 to 44, 24.2% from 45 to 64, and 10.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.5 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $35,625, and the median income for a family was $46,250. Males had a median income of $34,792 versus $27,500 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $15,534. About 17.9% of families and 10.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.4% of those under age 18 and 23.1% of those age 65 or over.

As of 2012, out of the residents ages 25 and over, 73.9% possess a high school degree, 5.2% possess a bachelor's degree, and 2.4% possess a graduate or bachelor's degree. For the population of residents 15 and over, 24.9% have never been married, 58.8% are now married, 2% are separated, 1.7% are widowed, and 12.7% are divorced.

There were 49 veterans living in Cordova as of 2011.

History
Just north of town, St. Joseph Roman Catholic Church was founded on a farm in 1765. Tapper's Corner Road runs east of town to Lewistown Road, near the head of a creek which flows (38.8845°N, -75.958°W) into the Tuckahoe; this creek was called Kentucky, nearby once stood the cabin of Betsey Bailey, the grandmother of Frederick Douglass; he believed he was born there.

A gas station on the main road operated for many years. Remnants of the service station still stand. Many homes located within the village center were built by ordering from Sears. Lumber was shipped to Cordova via the railroad in the 1920s and 1930s. At one time the town had a doctors office and general store that are now homes. This town had a cannery and chicken processing plant.

Since 1962, the Cordova Volunteer Fireman’s Association has held a 3-night country fair starting the first Thursday of August on the grounds behind the firehouse.

On May 18, 1995, an F2 tornado touched down in the town and left a 10 mile path of destruction with over $1 million in damage.

title: Cordova, Maryland


text:
Easton, Maryland

Easton is an incorporated town in and the county seat of Talbot County, Maryland, United States. The population was 17,101 at the 2020 census, with an estimated population of 17,342 in 2022. The primary ZIP Code is 21601, and the secondary is 21606. The primary phone exchange is 822, the auxiliary exchanges are 820, 763, and 770, and the area code is 410.

18th century
The town of Easton received its official beginning from an Act of the Assembly of the Province of Maryland dated November 4, 1710. The act was entitled, "An Act for the Building of a Court House for Talbot County, at Armstrong's Old Field near Pitt's Bridge". Pitt's Bridge crossed a stream forming the headwaters of the Tred Avon or Third Haven River. It was located at a point where North Washington Street crosses this stream, now enclosed in culverts, north of the Talbottown Shopping Center, and passes under the Electric Plant property. Prior to this date, the court had met at York, near the mouth of Skipton Creek. The court decided that this location was not convenient to all sections of the county and, in order to change the location, the above act of the Assembly was passed. As a result of this act, two acres of land were purchased from Philemon Armstrong, at a cost of 15,000 pounds of tobacco. Upon this tract, the same plot upon which the present Talbot County Courthouse now stands, the court house, a brick building 20 x 30 feet, was erected at a cost of 115,000 pounds of tobacco. The courts of the county were held in this building from 1712 until 1794. A tavern to accommodate those who attended court was one of the first buildings erected; stores and dwellings followed. The village was then known as "Talbot Court House". These were not the first buildings in the area. The frame meeting house of the Society of Friends was built between 1682 and 1684. The Wye plantation was settled in the 1650s by Welsh Puritan and wealthy planter Edward Lloyd and is owned and occupied by the 11th generation of that family.

Easton may be named because of its location east of Saint Michaels, however it is more likely that it was named after Easton in Somerset, England.

20th century
In 1916, the town erected the "Talbot Boys" statue in honor of Confederate soldiers from Talbot County. It stood for 107 years before being removed in 2022 after years of controversy.

21st century
In 2008, a lost painting of a Paris street scene by Édouard Cortès was discovered amongst donated items at a Goodwill Industries store in Easton. After an alert store manager noticed that it was a signed original, the painting was auctioned for $40,600 at Sotheby's.

In 2011, local officials erected a statue of Frederick Douglass, the noted abolitionist, who was born a slave in 1818 at the Wye River plantation in northern Talbot County.

In 2015, and again in August 2020, the Talbot County Council voted against removing the Talbot Boys statue, but in September 2021, the council voted to remove the statue. On March 14, 2022, the statue was removed.

In 2018, Easton was named one of America's top 5 coolest places to buy a vacation home by Forbes.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 10.67 sqmi, of which 10.56 sqmi is land and 0.11 sqmi is water.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Easton has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa).

Demographics
As of the census of 2020, there were 17,101 people, 7,195 households, and 4,079 families residing in the town. The population density was 1509.9 PD/sqmi. There were 7,405 housing units at an average density of 701.2 /sqmi. The racial make-up of the town was 73.1% White, 17.2% African American, 0.2% Native American, 2.1% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 5.1% from other races, and 2.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race constituted 9.8% of the population.

There were 6,711 households, of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.8% were married couples living together, 13.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 39.2% were non-families. 33.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.92.

The median age in the town was 41.2 years. Of residents 22.3% were under the age of 18; 7.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.8% were from 25 to 44; 24.1% were from 45 to 64; and 21.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender make-up of the town was 46.4% male and 53.6% female.

The median income for a household in the town was $94,991. 11.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.9% of those under age 18 and 12.9% of those age 65 or over.

Neighborhoods

 * Ashby Commons
 * Ashby Park
 * Beechwood
 * Bretridge
 * Calvert Terrace
 * Chapel East
 * Cookes Hope
 * Crofton
 * Easton Club
 * Easton Village
 * Golton
 * The Hill (America's oldest free Black community c.1790)
 * Lakelands
 * Mulberry Station
 * St. Aubins Heights
 * South Beechwood
 * South Clifton
 * Stoney Ridge (Corbin Parkway)
 * Matthewstown Run
 * The Waylands

Transportation
U.S. Route 50 runs north–south through the eastern part of the town along Ocean Gateway, heading northwest toward the Chesapeake Bay Bridge and southeast toward Cambridge, Salisbury, and Ocean City. Maryland Route 322 bypasses Easton to the west along the Easton Parkway. Washington Street serves as the main street of Easton, running north–south, with the southernmost section connecting to MD 322 a part of Maryland Route 565. Maryland Route 33 heads west from Washington Street on Bay Street, leading to St. Michaels and Tilghman Island. Maryland Route 333 heads southwest from Washington Street on Peachblossom Rd, heading west to Oxford. Maryland Route 334 runs along Port Street between MD 322 and Washington Street. Goldsborough Street heads east from downtown Easton and becomes Maryland Route 328 upon crossing US 50, heading northeast to Denton. Dover Street heads east from downtown Easton and becomes Maryland Route 331 upon crossing US 50, heading southeast to Preston and Vienna. Maryland Route 309 begins at US 50 north of Easton and heads northeast toward Queen Anne. Maryland Route 662 heads north from Easton, paralleling US 50.

Easton Airport, a general aviation airport, is located to the north of Easton. The nearest airports to Easton with commercial air service are the Salisbury–Ocean City–Wicomico Regional Airport near Salisbury and the Baltimore–Washington International Airport near Baltimore.

Delmarva Community Transit provides bus service to Easton, operating multiple routes to towns in Talbot, Queen Anne's, Kent, Caroline, and Dorchester counties along with a shuttle to Chesapeake College and the local Route C and Route D buses serving points in Easton. The Pennsylvania Railroad operated trains from New York and Philadelphia to Easton until the late 1940s.

Utilities
Easton Utilities, which is owned by the town of Easton, provides electricity, natural gas, water, wastewater service, cable, internet, and telephone service to the town. The utility commission was founded in 1914 and had control of all utility services in 1923, making Easton the first community in the state to own all its utility services. Easton Utilities provides electricity to over 10,000 customers, with most electricity purchased and some also generated by the town during times of high prices. The town owns 18 diesel-powered electric generators with a total capacity of 69 megawatts at two sites, one at a plant built in 1923 located in the center of town on Washington Street and the other located near the Easton Airport. Easton Utilities provides natural gas to over 4,500 customers, with natural gas purchased from the Eastern Shore Natural Gas Company. The town's natural gas supply is piped from the Gulf of Mexico via an interstate pipeline to Federalsburg, where 100 mi of steel and plastic mains then deliver it to customers in Easton. The town, which has owned the natural gas utility since 1923, formerly delivered gas to customers by burning coal at a plant on West Street, but converted to natural gas in 1966. Easton Utilities is the only municipal natural gas utility in Maryland. Easton Utilities provides water to 6,800 customers, with 84 mi of water mains and over 550 fire hydrants. The town gets its water from six wells that draw from underground aquifers, with the water then treated and stored. Easton Utilities provides wasterwater service to about 6,800 customers, operating more than 90 mi of wastewater mains, six pumping stations, and a wastewater treatment plant. Easton Utilities' cable service, branded as Easton Velocity, is one of a few municipal cable systems in the United States. The cable system in Easton was first built in 1984 and upgraded to a hybrid fiber/coax design in 2001. Internet service through Easton Utilities is provided under the Easton Velocity brand, utilizing a fiber-optic network. Easton Utilities' telephone service operates under the Easton Velocity DigitalVoice brand. The town's Public Works department provides trash and recycling collection to Easton, with trash collection utilizing automated tipper cans.

Health care
University of Maryland Shore Regional Health operates the University of Maryland Shore Medical Center at Easton in Easton, a hospital with 112 beds, 20 acute care inpatient beds, and an emergency room. In 1906, Judge William R. Martin commissioned Mary Bartlett Dixon to serve as the treasurer and help establish a hospital in Easton Maryland. She began the hospital in a rented building, which later burned to the ground. Dixon and Elizabeth Wright Dixon received $43, 000 to construct the Memorial Hospital. Together, the woman began a nursing school in 1907. The school was run by volunteers.

Sports
Easton was home to minor league baseball, as the Easton Yankees and other Easton teams played as members of the Class D level Eastern Shore League between 1924 and 1949. Baseball Hall of Fame members Home Run Baker and Jimmie Foxx both played for Easton.

In popular culture
Octavia E. Butler's novel Kindred is set in part at a fictional plantation near Easton.

Much of the 2005 film Wedding Crashers was filmed at the Ellenborough Estate in Easton.

Notable people

 * Harold Baines, MLB baseball player, Hall of Fame member
 * Birch Bayh, United States senator from Indiana (1963–1981)
 * J. Harry Covington, U.S. Representative for Maryland's 1st congressional district
 * Delino DeShields Jr., MLB baseball player
 * Frances Farrand Dodge, (1878 - 1969), artist
 * Frederick Douglass, author and abolitionist
 * Charles Hopper Gibson, U.S. Senator and congressman, lived at Ratcliffe Manor
 * Jeannie Haddaway-Riccio, member of the Maryland House of Delegates
 * Leslie Holdridge, 20th century climatologist
 * William S. Horne, member of the Maryland House of Delegates, judge, and lawyer
 * Harry Hughes, Maryland governor (1979–1987)
 * Edward Lloyd (Colonial Governor of Maryland) (1670–1718), Governor of the Maryland Colony, 1709–1714
 * Edward Lloyd (Continental Congress) (1744–1796), his grandson of governor, Maryland delegate to the Continental Congress
 * John A. Moaney, personal assistant to the Eisenhower family 1942-78
 * Chris Moore, producer for films including American Pie and Good Will Hunting
 * William O. Mills, U.S. Representative for Maryland's 1st congressional district
 * John Blake Rice, Mayor of Chicago, Illinois from 1865 to 1869.
 * Maggie Rogers, singer, songwriter and producer
 * William Pierce Rogers (1913–2001), Cabinet officer in the administrations of presidents Eisenhower and Nixon
 * James W. Rouse, real-estate developer, civic activist, and free enterprise-based philanthropist
 * Forrest Shreve, botanist
 * Gerard C. Smith, attorney and arms control expert involved with the Moscow–Washington hotline
 * Philip F. Thomas, Maryland governor (1848–1851), U.S. Secretary of the Treasury under President Buchanan (1860–1861)
 * Oswald Tilghman, Confederate Army officer, lawyer, author, politician
 * Tench Tilghman, aide-de-camp for George Washington
 * Anne Truitt, proto-minimalist sculptor

Notable landmarks

 * Academy Art Museum
 * All Saints' Church - listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
 * The Anchorage - listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
 * Avalon Theatre
 * Doncaster Town Site - listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
 * Hope House
 * Llandaff House - listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
 * Myrtle Grove - listed on the National Register of Historic Places, part of Historic American Buildings Survey
 * Old Bloomfield - listed on the National Register of Historic Places, part of Historic American Buildings Survey
 * Ratcliffe Manor - part of Historic American Buildings Survey
 * Spring Hill Cemetery
 * St. John's Chapel of St. Michael's Parish - listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
 * The Talbot Boys - relocated in 2022 to Cross Keys battlefield in Virginia
 * Third Haven Meeting House, part of Historic American Buildings Survey
 * Tidewater Inn - listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
 * Trinity Cathedral
 * Troth's Fortune - listed on the National Register of Historic Places, part of Historic American Buildings Survey
 * Wye House - listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
 * Wye Town Farm House - listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

title: Easton, Maryland


text:
Oxford, Maryland

Oxford is a waterfront town and former colonial port in Talbot County, Maryland, United States. The population was 651 at the 2010 census.

History
Oxford is one of the oldest towns in Maryland. While Oxford officially marks the year 1683 as its founding because in that year it was first named by the Maryland General Assembly as a seaport, the town began between 1666 and 1668 when 30 acre were laid out as a town called Oxford by William Stephens Jr.. By 1669 one of the first houses was built for Innkeeper Francis Armstrong (see Talbot County Land Records, A 1, f. 10/11).

Oxford first appears on a map completed in 1670 and published in 1671. In 1694, Oxford and a new town called Anne Arundel (now Annapolis) were selected as the only ports of entry for the entire Maryland province. Until the American Revolution, Oxford enjoyed prominence as an international shipping center surrounded by wealthy tobacco plantations.

Early inhabitants included Robert Morris Sr., agent for a Liverpool shipping firm who greatly influenced the town's growth; his son, Robert Morris Jr., known as "the financier of the Revolution;" Jeremiah Banning, sea captain, war hero, and statesman; The Reverend Thomas Bacon, Anglican clergyman who wrote the first compilation of the laws of Maryland; Matthew Tilghman, known as the "patriarch of Maryland" and "father of statehood"; and Colonel Tench Tilghman, aide-de-camp to George Washington and the man who carried the message of General Cornwallis's surrender to the Continental Congress in Philadelphia.

Tench Tilghman's grave can be found at the Oxford cemetery. It is overshadowed by the Tench Tilghman Monument, a stone spire approximately 10 feet tall. The monument is the tallest monument found at the Oxford cemetery. The cemetery itself was used in the opening sequence of the 1988 feature film, Clara's Heart, starring Whoopi Goldberg and Neil Patrick Harris.

The American Revolution marked the end of Oxford's prosperity. Maritime trade declined, and tobacco was replaced by wheat as a cash crop.

After the Civil War, Oxford was revived by the completion of the railroad in 1871 and by improved methods of canning and packing which opened national markets for oysters from the Chesapeake Bay. This did not last. In the early part of the 20th century, the oyster beds played out, the packing houses closed, other businesses went bankrupt, and the railway and steamships eventually disappeared. Oxford became a sleepy little town inhabited mainly by watermen who still worked the waters of the Tred Avon River.

Oxford is host to the oldest privately operated ferry service still in continuous use in the United States. The original ferry service, known today as the Oxford–Bellevue Ferry, was established in 1683 and continues today. The ferry links Oxford with Bellevue, Maryland, crossing the 3/4 mile width of the Tred Avon River during a 7-10 minute trip (20 minute round trip).

Oxford today is still a waterman's town, but is enjoying a new resurgence based on tourism and leisure activities. The film Failure to Launch was filmed in part here.

The town is served by the Oxford Volunteer Fire Company, composed of two engines, a truck, tanker, command unit, brush unit, two BLS units, and a boat. They often respond to all of Talbot County as part of the Mutual Aid system. On average, they respond to over 100 calls per year.

Barnaby House, Billie P. Hall, Jena, Otwell, Oxford Historic District, and S. C. Dobson are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
Oxford is located at 38°41'12" North, 76°10'15" West (38.686776, -76.170842) on the south bank of the Tred Avon river, near its mouth, where it empties into the Choptank.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.83 sqmi, of which 0.54 sqmi is land and 0.29 sqmi is water. This includes Town Creek, which nearly splits the town in two from north to south and provides a protected harbor for boaters and Oxford's local shipbuilders.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Oxford has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

Transportation
The primary method of travel to and from Oxford is by road. The only state highway serving the town is Maryland Route 333, which connects the town to Easton. A ferry, the Oxford–Bellevue Ferry, connects the town to Bellevue.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 651 people, 338 households, and 202 families residing in the town. The population density was 1205.6 PD/sqmi. There were 574 housing units at an average density of 1063.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 91.9% White, 5.4% African American, 0.6% Asian, and 2.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.5% of the population.

There were 338 households, of which 9.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.3% were married couples living together, 4.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 40.2% were non-families. 32.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.93 and the average family size was 2.38.

The median age in the town was 61.1 years. 8.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 12.5% were from 25 to 44; 35.7% were from 45 to 64; and 39.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 49.8% male and 50.2% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 771 people, 396 households, and 241 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,532.4 PD/sqmi. There were 523 housing units at an average density of 1,039.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 92.87% White, 6.36% Black or African American, 0.13% Asian and 0.65% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.65% of the population.

There were 396 households, out of which 14.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.0% were married couples living together, 7.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.9% were non-families. 34.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.95 and the average family size was 2.45.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 13.2% under the age of 18, 1.7% from 18 to 24, 17.3% from 25 to 44, 37.2% from 45 to 64, and 30.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 55 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $52,054, and the median income for a family was $71,071. Males had a median income of $52,708 versus $33,929 for females. The per capita income for the town was $47,917. About 2.5% of families and 3.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.1% of those under age 18 and 2.7% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Waters Edward Turpin (1910–1968), novelist, professor; born in Oxford
 * James Turrell (born 1943), visual artist, resides in Oxford part-time

title: Oxford, Maryland


text:
Verde Village, Arizona

Verde Village is a census-designated place (CDP) in Yavapai County, Arizona, United States. The population was 11,605 at the 2010 census. It is a retirement and bedroom community for Cottonwood.

History and Economy
Verde Village was developed in 1970 as a retirement community; there were eight units in the original subdivision, Verde Village Units One through Eight. About two-thirds of Verde Village residents are retired.

Geography
Verde Village is located at 34.70833°N, -111.9925°W (34.708402, -111.992498).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 8.8 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 10,610 people, 4,071 households, and 2,988 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,210.5 PD/sqmi. There were 4,290 housing units at an average density of 489.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 91.1% White, 0.3% Black or African American, 1.2% Native American, 0.5% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 4.4% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races. 11.2% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 4,071 households, out of which 29.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.2% were married couples living together, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.6% were non-families. 21.1% of all households consisted of one individual and 10.0% were an individual 65 years or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 2.92.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 24.6% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 23.8% from 25 to 44, 23.9% from 45 to 64, and 21.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.1 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $35,075, and the median income for a family was $38,596. Males had a median income of $29,129 versus $21,773 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $16,734. About 6.7% of families and 8.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.3% of those under age 18 and 4.8% of those age 65 or over.

title: Verde Village, Arizona


text:
Saint Michaels, Maryland

Saint Michaels, also known as St. Michaels, is a town in Talbot County, Maryland, United States. The population was 1,094 at the 2023 World Population Review. Growing at a rate of 1.3% annually, its population hit a peak with the 2020 Census reporting a 3.99% increase. Saint Michaels derives its name from the Episcopal Parish established there in 1677. The church attracted settlers who engaged in tobacco growing and ship building.

History
The town was laid out as a speculative development in the 1770s by James Braddock. Unlike the more typical 18th century grid-pattern town planning, Braddock laid St. Michaels out around a central square. The town was incorporated in 1804.

A rural Anglican church that long predated the town gave St. Michaels its name. Despite this church's presence on the shore of the harbor, the town of St. Michaels early became predominantly Methodist following visits by itinerant Methodist preachers. Braddock donated land for a Methodist church in the center of St. Mary's square. A brick structure was built and after the war of 1812 the name of Sardis Chapel was adopted. That building was razed and a new brick building was erected in 1839. The cornerstone was laid on July 4, 1839. It remains on that site.

The town's earliest industry was shipbuilding, and as many as six shipbuilders were active in or near the town by the War of 1812. Their typical product was a fast schooner, a type later known as the Baltimore Clipper. Such vessels were well adapted to evading blockades or outrunning pirates or foreign naval vessels at sea, and some were later used as private armed vessels carrying a letter of marque. For example, Thomas L. Haddaway launched the schooner Lottery at St. Michaels in 1812, and its owners obtained a letter of marque allowing it to take prizes at sea.

The town played a role in the War of 1812 when, in 1813, a fleet under the command of Admiral George Cockburn moved up the Chesapeake Bay, and targeted St. Michaels because of the presence of a militia battery erected to defend the town and its shipyards. Under cover of early morning darkness on August 10, 1813, the Battle of St. Michaels commenced as the British sent a landing party ashore just south of the town, and after a brief exchange, neutralized the battery and returned to their boats. The British proceeded to bombard the town from the barges and a brig, but failed to destroy the shipyards or cause any substantial damage to the town. The militia returned fire from artillery batteries at Impy Dawson's wharf (the foot of Mulberry Street) and Mill Point (the foot of Carpenter Street). A contemporary report noted that "several houses were pierced" by the British fire. Nearly a century later, a story was recorded that as a result of the town's ruse of dimming the lights and hanging lanterns in the trees beyond the town so that the cannonballs would overshoot the town, the town was spared. Based on this story, St. Michaels became known as "the town that fooled the British," a nickname selected during the sesquicentennial celebration of the battle in 1963. The Cannonball House survives as one of the structures reportedly struck by one of the shots, and is on the National Register of Historic Places, as is the Saint Michaels Historic District.

Shipbuilding declined after the War of 1812, but an oyster industry revived the town a few decades later. By the late nineteenth century, most households in the town had at least one person engaged in some aspect of this fishery, either tonging oysters from the nearby waters of Miles River and Eastern Bay, or engaged in the shucking houses that came to line the waterfront. One of these businesses, Coulbourne and Jewett, founded in the early years of the twentieth century, is notable as a black-owned enterprise, and it early on came to specialize in crabmeat. As a means of marketing crabmeat, owner Frederick Jewett devised a five level grading system (regular, claw, special, backfin, and lump) which is still used by the industry today.

St Michaels is where Frederick Douglass was sold in 1832 to Thomas Auld, and it was in the St Michaels jail that Douglass was confined in 1835 after an attempted escape to freedom.

In addition to the Cannonball House and St. Michaels Historic District, Crooked Intention, Edmee S., Edna E. Lockwood, Island Bird (log canoe), Island Blossom (log canoe), Island Lark (log canoe), Jay Dee (log canoe), Magic (log canoe), Noddy (log canoe), The Old Inn, Persistence (log canoe), Rover (log canoe), Saint Michaels Mill, Sherwood Manor, Stanley Norman (skipjack), and Victorian Corn Cribs are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

In 2007 the town was named #8 of the Top Ten Romantic Escapes in the USA by Coastal Living Magazine. In 2018 Forbes published an article declaring St. Michaels as "The East Coast Weekend Getaway You've Been Missing".

Geography
Saint Michaels is located at 38.78361°N, -76.22222°W (38.783748, -76.222214).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.25 sqmi, of which 1.15 sqmi is land and 0.10 sqmi is water.

St. Michaels is located in a long, narrow neck of land along the Miles River. The village is a tourist attraction, and there are high quality hotels, inns, seafood restaurants, and gift shops in town. Tourboat cruises connect the town with Annapolis across the Chesapeake Bay. A for-pay public ferryboat service in nearby Bellevue also takes people across the Tred Avon river to Oxford.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,029 people, 509 households, and 281 families residing in the town. The population density was 894.8 PD/sqmi. There were 711 housing units at an average density of 618.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 69.0% White, 27.4% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.5% Asian, 1.4% from other races, and 1.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.9% of the population.

There were 509 households, of which 21.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.9% were married couples living together, 12.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 44.8% were non-families. 39.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.02 and the average family size was 2.67.

The median age in the town was 50.2 years. 18.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 17.6% were from 25 to 44; 29.4% were from 45 to 64; and 28.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 41.5% male and 58.5% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,193 people, 548 households, and 340 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,442.1 PD/sqmi. There were 671 housing units at an average density of 811.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 69.24% White, 29.25% African American, 0.17% Asian, 0.59% from other races, and 0.75% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.59% of the population.

There were 548 households, out of which 25.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.6% were married couples living together, 17.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.8% were non-families. 34.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.18 and the average family size was 2.75.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.2% under the age of 18, 4.5% from 18 to 24, 21.3% from 25 to 44, 26.1% from 45 to 64, and 23.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.4 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $32,578, and the median income for a family was $39,821. Males had a median income of $30,438 versus $23,250 for females. The per capita income for the town was $28,131. About 11.1% of families and 15.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.8% of those under age 18 and 9.8% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

Although the town's tourist industry has roots in the mid nineteenth century with steamboats bringing excursionists from Baltimore to the town, and with summer guest cottages opening for weeklong rentals beginning in the 1880s, tourism was not a major part of the town's economy until the 1970s. The impetus started with a maritime museum, which opened its doors in 1965, and a waterfront seafood restaurant and a tour boat (the Patriot) followed before the end of the decade.

Major employers include Harbortowne Resort, The Crab Claw restaurant, and the Inn at Perry Cabin by Belmond.

Transportation
The main means of transportation to and from Saint Micheals is by road. Maryland Route 33 is the only state highway serving the town, connecting it to Tilghman Island and Easton.

Museums and other points of interest
One of the town's chief attractions is the Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum, located on land that was formerly occupied by seafood packing houses and a cannery. Saint Michaels is home to a number of historic bay vessels, including the bugeye Edna E. Lockwood, a National Historic Landmark, and several skipjacks.

The Saint Michaels Mill is a 19th century gristmill and was added to the U.S. National Register of Historical Places in 1982.

Art Galleries

 * Hopkins Original Art    http://hopkinsoriginalart.com
 * The Clark Gallery of Fine Art
 * Gregorio Gallery

Notable people

 * Frederick Douglass was owned as slave in and around St. Michaels on several occasions during his childhood and teenage years in the early 19th century. He lived within the St. Michaels village limits on several occasions as well as Wye House, a prominent plantation situated across the Miles River from St. Michaels. Researchers have also identified two plantations (though cannot definitively say which one) where Douglass likely worked for Edward Covey, a notorious "slave breaker," in what is now McDaniels, an unincorporated community near St. Michaels. In 1877, Frederick Douglass, then the U.S. Marshall for the District of Columbia, returned to St. Michaels, mainly to meet with his former owner, Thomas Auld, who was on his deathbed. According to Douglass, the meeting, which took place at what is now known as the Dr. Dodson/Bruff house, resulted in a reconciliation between the two men.
 * Former baseball player, and member of baseball's Hall of Fame, Harold Baines grew up and still lives in Saint Michaels.
 * Former Vice President Dick Cheney and former Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld formerly owned water-front estates outside of St. Michaels.
 * Former Major League Baseball franchise owner and innovator Bill Veeck retired to Saint Michaels after selling the Chicago White Sox in 1981.
 * Norman Johnson Stewart, Sr., artist, was a resident of St. Michael's. His home was on Talbot Street.  He taught model ship building classes at the St. Michael's Maritime Museum.  Some of his models are currently on display at the Smithsonian Museum.
 * Author James Michener wrote much of his epic novel "Chesapeake" while living at a water-front estate, "Southwind," outside St. Michaels.
 * Amelia B. Coppuck Welby (1819–1852), poet
 * Washington Nationals Pitcher Tanner Roark lives in Saint Michaels.

Cultural references

 * The movie Clara's Heart starring Whoopi Goldberg and Neil Patrick Harris was filmed in Saint Michaels in 1988.
 * The movie Wedding Crashers starring Owen Wilson and Vince Vaughn was partly filmed in Saint Michaels (mainly neighboring Easton) in 2004.
 * The 1999 novel The Testament, written by John Grisham, features St. Michaels in the latter half of the book.
 * The television show Bob's Burgers In season 6 episode 2, The Land Ship, references a scenario in which, during the War of 1812, the townspeople where the Belcher Family lives pulled a boat onto shore and rocked it back and forth in order to trick the British into running their ships aground thinking the shoreline was further inland. This is referred to in the show as 'The Sloop that Duped the British'. This was confirmed as a reference to St. Michaels by co-writer and Voice of Bob Belcher, H. Jon Benjamin.

title: Saint Michaels, Maryland


text:
Tilghman Island, Maryland

Tilghman Island is an island in the Chesapeake Bay. It is part of Talbot County, Maryland, United States.

History
Initially known as Great Choptank Island, the island became identified with a series of local families. It was owned by Matthew Tilghman's family from 1752 and has been known as Tilghman Island ever since. During the War of 1812 the island was briefly occupied by the British, who obtained provisions for their military forces. The community of Tilghman appeared in the 1840s. The economy shifted from farming to greater reliance on oystering and fishing as markets developed in Baltimore and Washington, aided by steamboat service in the 1890s.

Historic places
The E.C. Collier, the Elsworth, the Hilda M. Willing, the Kathryn, the Maggie Lee, the Minnie V, the Nellie L. Byrd, the Paw Paw Cove Site, the Ralph T. Webster, the Rebecca T. Ruark, the Reliance, the Ruby G. Ford, Sharps Island Light, the Sigsbee, and the Virginia W are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
Tilghman Island is located at 38.70889°N, -76.335°W (38.708795, −76.335016).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.8 sqmi, of which 2.7 sqmi is land and 0.1 sqmi (4.91%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 784 people, 357 households, and 246 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 315.9 PD/sqmi. There were 560 housing units at an average density of 207.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.3% White, 1.4% African American, 0.5%  Native American, 0.5%  Asian, and 0.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.6% of the population.

There were 368 households, out of which 24.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.9% were married couples living together, 3.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.8% were non-families. 23.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.72.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 19.2% under the age of 18, 5.3% from 18 to 24, 23.8% from 25 to 44, 29.7% from 45 to 64, and 22.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 46 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.0 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $32,763, and the median income for a family was $38,304. Males had a median income of $21,213 versus $24,286 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $13,851. About 8.7% of families and 17.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.4% of those under age 18 and 8.9% of those age 65 or over.

title: Tilghman Island, Maryland


text:
Trappe, Maryland

Trappe is a town in Talbot County, Maryland, United States. The population was 1,077 at the 2010 census. It is the site of one of the largest mixed-use developments on the U.S. East Coast called Trappe East or "Lakeside" with controversy arising over its wastewater treatment.

History
Trappe was incorporated in 1827. It may have been named for either wolf traps or a Trappist monastery.

Compton and The Wilderness are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

A Blessing Box was installed at the Trappe Volunteer Firehouse in 2019 by Josh Cherry.

Geography
Trappe is located at 38.66°N, -76.05806°W (38.659870, -76.058053).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 2.78 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,077 people, 434 households, and 299 families residing in the town. The population density was 387.4 PD/sqmi. There were 491 housing units at an average density of 176.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 65.3% White, 28.1% African American, 0.6% Native American, 1.3% Asian, 2.4% from other races, and 2.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.3% of the population.

There were 434 households, of which 32.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.4% were married couples living together, 14.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 31.1% were non-families. 23.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.91.

The median age in the town was 39.5 years. 22.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.5% were from 25 to 44; 30% were from 45 to 64; and 12.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 48.0% male and 52.0% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,146 people, 425 households, and 328 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,387.9 PD/sqmi. There were 450 housing units at an average density of 545.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 72.34% White, 23.39% African American, 0.44% Native American, 0.70% Asian, 1.05% from other races, and 2.09% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.62% of the population.

There were 425 households, out of which 41.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.2% were married couples living together, 15.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.6% were non-families. 16.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 28.8% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 32.5% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 10.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $40,625, and the median income for a family was $42,188. Males had a median income of $30,398 versus $26,302 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,451. About 9.6% of families and 9.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.9% of those under age 18 and 7.9% of those age 65 or over.

Transportation
Transportation to and from Trappe is primarily by road. The main highway serving the town is U.S. Route 50, which links the town to Washington, D.C., and Ocean City. The other state highway serving the town is Maryland Route 565, which follows an old alignment of US 50.

Notable people

 * Frank "Home Run" Baker, Hall of Fame third baseman in Major League Baseball; born in Trappe.
 * William C. Jason, longest-serving president of Delaware State University
 * John Dickinson, Founding Father; born in Trappe.
 * Brigadier General John S. D. Eisenhower, US Army Reserve (Ret), former US Ambassador to Belgium (1969–71), career military officer and military historian, lived in Trappe after moving from Kimberton, Pennsylvania until his death on December 21, 2013.
 * Robert Mitchum; Mitchum and his family lived in Trappe from 1959 to 1965.

Notable place

 * The Wilderness (Trappe, Maryland) (historic site)

title: Trappe, Maryland


text:
Boonsboro, Maryland

Boonsboro is a town in Washington County, Maryland, United States, located at the foot of South Mountain. It nearly borders Frederick County and is proximate to the Antietam National Battlefield. The population was 3,779 at the 2020 census.

History
Local lore asserts Boonsboro was founded by George Boone, a cousin of Daniel Boone, and was originally named "Margaretsville" after his wife. The town was incorporated as Boonesborough in 1831. Local newspapers and villagers preferred the name Boonsboro. The former name was used on some documents as late as 1903.

Boonsboro was a key town during the American Civil War. Two battles were fought in its present borders. The town was also used to keep wounded soldiers after the Battle of Antietam in September 1862. Southeast of the town was the site of the Battle of South Mountain.

Boonsboro lies on what used to be the National Road. Today it is known as either the Old National Pike or Alt-U.S. 40. In Boonsboro it is Main Street. The route was originally established as a road improvement project in 1758 to shorten travel between Fredericktown and Fort Frederick during the Seven Years' War. The route began from the existing (old) road at today's Marker road, passed through Turner's Gap, Boonsboro and turned west along today's MD. Rt. 68 to Williamsport. The route from Boonsboro to Funkstown was later adopted as part of the National Turnpike route.

The town suffered a fire at the former Asaro's (its successor Vesta moved to the building across) in 2007, and a fire at the former inn in 2008. That fire completely gutted the inn, which was on the verge of being renovated and reopened. The Inn BoonsBoro finally opened a year later; it is owned by best-selling romance novelist Nora Roberts.

The Boonsboro Historic District, Bowman House, Ingram-Schipper Farm, Keedy House, St. Mark's Episcopal Church, and Washington Monument are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 2.91 sqmi, of which 2.90 sqmi is land and 0.01 sqmi is water.

Boonsboro is the starting point for the JFK 50 mile race held every year in November.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 3,336 people, 1,237 households, and 879 families residing in the town. The population density was 1150.3 PD/sqmi. There were 1,327 housing units at an average density of 457.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 95.4% White, 2.1% African American, 0.1% Native American, 1.0% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.5% from other races, and 0.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.7% of the population.

There were 1,237 households, of which 37.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.8% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 28.9% were non-families. 24.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.06.

The median age in the town was 40.8 years. 24.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.1% were from 25 to 44; 26.6% were from 45 to 64; and 16.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 46.6% male and 53.4% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,803 people, 1,068 households, and 723 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,851.0 PD/sqmi. There were 1,109 housing units at an average density of 732.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.04% White, 0.75% African American, 0.11% Native American, 0.18% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.14% from other races, and 0.75% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.75% of the population.

There were 1,068 households, out of which 34.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.2% were married couples living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.3% were non-families. 27.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.5% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 28.4% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 19.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 76.5 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $40,476, and the median income for a family was $48,155. Males had a median income of $37,683 versus $25,673 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,430. About 7.8% of families and 7.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.4% of those under age 18 and 14.1% of those age 65 or over.

Government
Boonsboro has a seven-member Town Council, which serves as the legislative body of the Town. In Boonsboro, from 1831 through 1939, Mayors (originally called Burgesses) were elected annually. From 1940 through 1975, they served two-year terms. Since 1976, Mayors have been chosen for four-year terms, except for the previous mayor, who had been in office from 1988 through 2016.

Boonsboro's current Mayor is Howard W. Long.

Previous Mayors include:

 * 1831–1835 Jonathan Shafer
 * 1835–1836 David Brookhart
 * 1836–1837 Lewis Fletcher
 * 1837–1838 Joseph O'neal
 * 1838–1839 Anthony McBride
 * 1839–1840 Joseph Knox
 * 1840–1841 Charles Perry
 * 1841–1843 Jacob Smith
 * 1843–1845 James Chambers
 * 1845–1846 Andrew Newcomer
 * 1846–1847 Lewis Fletcher
 * 1847–1848 James Chambers
 * 1848–1850 David Gilbert
 * 1850–1851 David H. Keedy
 * 1851–1852 J. C. Brining
 * 1852–1853 William H. Miller

 * 1853–1854 P. B. Stuffing
 * 1854–1855 J. C. Brining
 * 1855–1856 John Stonesifer
 * 1856–1857 Lauton Miller
 * 1857–1859 James Chambers
 * 1859–1862 Joseph O'helper
 * 1862–1864 James Chambers
 * 1864–1865 George Numan
 * 1865–1867 Josiah Knodle
 * 1867–1868 Jacob Blecman
 * 1868–1869 David Schlosser
 * 1869–1872 John H. Smith
 * 1872–1874 Anslem Watery
 * 1874–1876 Elias Cost
 * 1876–1877 George Hoffmeister

 * 1877–1880 William Welck
 * 1880–1881 Thomas E. Smith
 * 1881–1882 John Murdock
 * 1882–1883 George Nyman
 * 1883–1885 John H. Lakin
 * 1885–1886 John C. Brining
 * 1886–1887 William E. Itnyre
 * 1887–1888 A. M. V. B. Deaner
 * 1888–1889 Frank Smith
 * 1889–1891 John R. Fletcher
 * 1891–1892 John E. Smith
 * 1892–1893 Matthew O'Brn
 * 1893–1894 M. L. Storm
 * 1894–1895 Eli Wade
 * 1895–1897 James P. Ford
 * 1897–1898 Frank E. Newcomer

 * 1898–1899 William L. Irwin
 * 1899–1901 John R. Fletcher
 * 1901–1902 O. J. Stotlemyer
 * 1902–1904 Elias E. Martz
 * 1904–1905 C. C. Ford
 * 1905–1906 George M. Stover
 * 1906–1909 G. J. Roudabush
 * 1909–1910 Elias E. Martz
 * 1910–1911 G. J. Roudabush
 * 1911–1912 H. G. Routzahn
 * 1912–1916 G. J. Roudabush
 * 1916–1917 George M. Stover
 * 1917–1919 J. L. Danner
 * 1919–1920 H. P. Lynch
 * 1920–1921 Harvey J. Huffer
 * 1921–1925 George McBride

 * 1925–1926 Oscar Morgan
 * 1926–1929 George McBride
 * 1929–1934 H. S. Bomberger
 * 1934–1935 Alfred C. Huffer
 * 1935–1938 D. Frank Miller
 * 1938–1940 John Hershberger
 * 1940–1942 John Hershberger
 * 1942–1960 John B. Wheeler
 * 1960–1970 John L. Herr
 * 1970–1974 Kenneth E. Ramsburg
 * 1974–1976 Edward T. Weaver
 * 1976–1980 Stuart L. Mullendore
 * 1980–1988 John L. Herr
 * 1988–2016 Charles F. (Skip) Kauffman, Jr.
 * 2016–Present Howard W. Long

Education
Boonsboro is served by a 90 acre educational complex. It consists of the following schools:

 * Boonsboro Elementary School
 * Boonsboro Middle School
 * Boonsboro High School

The current principal of Boonsboro High School is Michael Kuhaneck.

Transportation
The primary means of travel to and from Boonsboro is by road. Five main highways serve the town, with the most prominent of these being U.S. Route 40 Alternate. US 40 Alt follows Main Street through central Boonsboro, linking westward to Hagerstown and eastward to Frederick. In addition to US 40 Alt, Maryland Route 34 connects Boonsboro to Sharpsburg, Maryland Route 66 connects the town to Interstate 70, Maryland Route 67 connects it to U.S. Route 340, and Maryland Route 68 links to Interstate 81 and Williamsport.

Notable people

 * Janet Doub Erickson, co-founder of the Blockhouse of Boston, artist and educator (born in Hagerstown Hospital to a Boonsboro farming family, she spent her childhood there).
 * William Thomas Hamilton, 38th Governor of Maryland, U.S. Senator, & U.S. Congressman for Maryland's 2nd District and 4th District. Born in Boonsboro on 8 September 1820.
 * Edwin R. Keedy (1880–1958), Dean of the University of Pennsylvania Law School
 * Nora Roberts, author of over 170 romantic novels and entrepreneur of several businesses in Boonsboro.
 * The late Charlotte Winters, 109, once the oldest surviving female American World War I veteran. Served in the navy.

Area attractions

 * Boonsboro Trolley Museum
 * Boonesborough Museum of History
 * Bowman House
 * Crystal Grottoes
 * Greenbrier State Park
 * South Mountain State Battlefield
 * Stoney Creek Farm
 * Washington Monument State Park

title: Boonsboro, Maryland


text:
Cavetown, Maryland

Cavetown is a census-designated place (CDP) in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The population was 1,486 at the 2000 census.

History
The Willows was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.9 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
At the 2000 census there were 1,486 people, 577 households, and 461 families living in the CDP. The population density was 770.9 PD/sqmi. There were 589 housing units at an average density of 305.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.51% White, 0.13% African American, 0.27% Native American, 0.13% Asian, 0.81% from other races, and 1.14% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.55%.

Of the 577 households 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.4% were married couples living together, 5.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.1% were non-families. 17.2% of households were one person and 9.0% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 2.88.

The age distribution was 22.5% under the age of 18, 5.2% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 28.3% from 45 to 64, and 16.9% 65 or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.3 males.

The median household income was $48,816 and the median family income was $60,238. Males had a median income of $38,523 versus $28,173 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $19,790. About 2.8% of families and 3.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.8% of those under age 18 and 5.3% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * John P. Fockler (died 1911), member of the Maryland House of Delegates

title: Cavetown, Maryland


text:
Chewsville, Maryland

Chewsville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Washington County, Maryland, United States. The population was 261 at the 2020 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 0.8 sqmi, all land.

2000
At the 2000 census there were 293 people, 117 households, and 74 families living in the CDP. The population density was 351.9 PD/sqmi. There were 125 housing units at an average density of 150.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.98% White, 0.34% Asian, and 0.68% from two or more races. Of the 117 households 29.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.3% were married couples living together, 7.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.9% were non-families. 29.1% of households were one person and 9.4% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.15.

The age distribution was 29.0% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 30.0% from 25 to 44, 22.5% from 45 to 64, and 11.9% 65 or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.4 males.

The median household income was $28,482 and the median family income was $31,302. Males had a median income of $26,250 versus $24,844 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $12,617. About 22.7% of families and 22.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 44.2% of those under the age of eighteen and 51.3% of those sixty five or over.

title: Chewsville, Maryland