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Vann Crossroads, North Carolina

Vann Crossroads is a census-designated place (CDP) in Sampson County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 306 at the 2020 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 4.6 sqmi, of which 4.6 square miles (11.9 km$2$) is land and 0.22% is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 324 people, 127 households, and 100 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 70.7 PD/sqmi. There were 141 housing units at an average density of 30.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 87.96% White, 11.11% African American and 0.93% Native American. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.62% of the population.

There were 127 households, out of which 31.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.1% were married couples living together, 10.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.5% were non-families. 16.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 2.86.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 23.8% under the age of 18, 5.6% from 18 to 24, 25.6% from 25 to 44, 27.5% from 45 to 64, and 17.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.0 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $32,443, and the median income for a family was $38,036. Males had a median income of $27,000 versus $22,426 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $16,881. About 6.1% of families and 8.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.2% of those under age 18 and 7.9% of those age 65 or over.

title: Vann Crossroads, North Carolina


text:
East Laurinburg, North Carolina

East Laurinburg is an unincorporated community in Scotland County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 345 at the 2020 census. The town was incorporated in 1903 but, due to financial improprieties and failing finances, the town's charter was revoked by the state effective June 30, 2022, in which the area became an unincorporated part of Scotland County.

History
Scotland Village was incorporated as a town in southern Scotland County in 1903. In 1909, the name was changed to East Laurinburg. Early in East Laurinburg's history, Waverly Mills established a textile mill in the locale, which grew to include numerous homes and several churches and stores. The mill workers largely lived separately from the residents of nearby Laurinburg, the latter looking down upon the former and stalling attempts to enroll East Laurinburg children in Laurinburg city schools. In May 1934, 500 workers from four Waverly Mills plants in the town went on strike in protest of work conditions in the mills and living conditions in the company housing. The strike gained state-wide media attention after the strikers engaged in a brawl with loyalist workers, with nine people wounded by gunfire. The standoff ended 44 days later when the strikers and Waverly management agreed to arbitration, and the company subsequently promised to make improvements to plumbing in the village.

East Laurinburg's population peaked in 1940 with 890 residents and thereafter declined. In June 2016 the town ceased submitting annual audit reports to the state government, as required by law. In October 2021 the North Carolina State Auditor published an audit which accused the town finance officer of embezzling $11,000 of public funds. North Carolina State Treasurer Dale Folwell subsequently urged the North Carolina Local Government Commission to vote to revoke the town's incorporation, saying the town was not a financially viable unit of government. In December the commission voted to unanimously do so, reverting the town's governing jurisdiction to Scotland County on July 1, 2022.

Geography
East Laurinburg is located at 34.76889°N, -79.44472°W (34.768960, -79.444766).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.2 sqmi, all of it land. U.S. Route 74 and a rail line pass through the community.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 295 people, 124 households, and 81 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,619.8 /mi2. There were 140 housing units at an average density of 768.7 /mi2. The racial makeup of the town was 83.05% White, 5.76% African American, 8.81% Native American, 1.36% Asian, and 1.02% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.36% of the population.

There were 124 households, out of which 20.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.3% were married couples living together, 18.5% had a female householder with no spouse present, and 33.9% were non-families. 31.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 21.0% under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 23.7% from 25 to 44, 25.1% from 45 to 64, and 20.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.6 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $25,938, and the median income for a family was $31,875. Males had a median income of $21,944 versus $20,313 for females. The per capita income for the town was $13,415. About 24.1% of families and 22.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 30.9% of those under the age of eighteen and 9.7% of those 65 or over.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: East Laurinburg, North Carolina


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Gibson, North Carolina

Gibson is a town in Scotland County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 540 at the 2010 census.

History
Gibson was originally located in Richmond County, North Carolina. A post office was built in the area in 1846, and the town was named for its first postmaster, Noah Gibson. In 1883 the Raleigh and Augusta Air Line Railroad made plans to build a spur line to Gibson to bring goods to the locale and ship cotton out from local residents to markets. In anticipation of the railroad connection, Gibson residents erected a depot, hotel, academy, and several additional stores. The spur was built in 1884 and opened on July 1 with daily rail service to Hamlet. In 1891 the Charleston, Sumter and Northern Railroad line from Bennettsville, South Carolina was linked to the Air Line at the Gibson depot. Scotland County was created in 1899 and Gibson became a part of the new jurisdiction. The town was incorporated that year. In 1904 a bank was established. A civic ruritan club was founded in 1946. The rail depot was later restored and turned into a community center.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.0 sqmi, all of it land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 584 people, 213 households, and 146 families residing in the town. The population density was 595.1 /mi2. There were 247 housing units at an average density of 251.7 /mi2. The racial makeup of the town was 49.66% White, 42.12% African American, 6.85% Native American, 0.68% from other races, and 0.68% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.86% of the population.

There were 213 households, out of which 34.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.4% were married couples living together, 23.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.0% were non-families. 29.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.37.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 32.4% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 24.3% from 25 to 44, 17.1% from 45 to 64, and 17.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 75.6 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $21,696, and the median income for a family was $27,125. Males had a median income of $27,143 versus $19,167 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,542. About 24.1% of families and 23.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 36.6% of those under age 18 and 15.3% of those age 65 or over.

title: Gibson, North Carolina


text:
Laurinburg, North Carolina

Laurinburg is a city in and the county seat of Scotland County, North Carolina, United States. Located in southern North Carolina near the South Carolina border, Laurinburg is southwest of Fayetteville and is home to St. Andrews University. The population at the 2010 census was 15,962 people.

History

Settlers arrived at the present town site around 1785. The settlement was named for a prominent family, the McLaurins. The name was originally spelled Laurinburgh and pronounced the same as Edinburgh, though the "h" was later dropped. The community was initially located within the jurisdiction of Richmond County. In 1840, Laurinburg had a saloon, a store, and a few shacks. Laurinburg High School, a private school, was established in 1852. The settlement prospered in the years following. A line of the Wilmington, Charlotte and Rutherford Railroad was built through Laurinburg in the 1850s, with the first train reaching Laurinburg in 1861. The railroad's shops were moved to Laurinburg in 1865 in the hope they would be safer from Union Army attack; however, in March of that year, Union forces reached Laurinburg and burned the railroad depot and temporary shops. The shops were later rebuilt. Laurinburg was incorporated in 1877. In 1894 the railway shops were moved out of the town and, combined with low cotton prices, property values in the area decreased and the town experienced an economic depression.

By the late 1800s Richmond County had a majority black population and tended to support the Republican Party in elections, while the state of North Carolina was dominated by the Democratic Party. As a result of this, white Democrats built up a political base in Laurinburg and in 1899 the town and the surrounding area was split off from Richmond into the new Scotland County. The town was declared the seat of Scotland County in 1900 and the first courthouse was erected the following year. As their influence in public affairs and share of public resources declined, local black citizens created the Laurinburg Normal Industrial Institute, later known as Laurinburg Academy, in 1904.

Main Street in Laurinburg was paved in 1914. Beginning in 1929, the Great Depression severely impacted Laurinburg, causing two banks to fail. A new courthouse was built in 1964. Laurinburg's downtown suffered an economic decline beginning in the 1980s when the Belk department store moved to a shopping center further away. The downtown was heavily impacted by Hurricane Florence in 2018.

Historic sites
Several sites in Laurinburg are listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Scotland County, North Carolina, including:

 * John Blue House
 * Mag Blue House
 * Central School
 * Dr. Evan Alexander Erwin House
 * E. Hervey Evans House
 * Thomas J. Gill House
 * Laurel Hill Presbyterian Church
 * Laurinburg Commercial Historic District
 * St. Andrews University
 * Stewart-Hawley-Malloy House
 * Laurinburg Institute
 * Villa Nova

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 12.6 sqmi, of which 12.4 square miles (32.1 km2) is land and 0.2 sqmi (1.27%) is water.

Laurinburg is located 19 mi northeast of Bennettsville, 26 mi east of Rockingham, 32 mi west of Lumberton, and 41 mi southwest of Fayetteville.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States Census, there were 14,978 people, 5,712 households, and 3,544 families residing in the city. The black population is concentrated in the northern section of the city.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 15,874 people, 6,136 households, and 4,221 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,280.2 PD/sqmi. There were 6,603 housing units at an average density of 532.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 50.54% White, 43.06% African American, 4.23% Native American, 0.76% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.35% from other races, and 1.04% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.06% of the population.

There were 6,136 households, out of which 32.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.8% were married couples living together, 23.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.2% were non-families. 27.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.6% under the age of 18, 10.7% from 18 to 24, 25.9% from 25 to 44, 22.7% from 45 to 64, and 14.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 81.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 74.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $29,064, and the median income for a family was $37,485. Males had a median income of $31,973 versus $25,243 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,165. About 19.7% of families and 23.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 35.5% of those under age 18 and 18.6% of those age 65 or over.

The state Scotland Correctional Institution, located near the airport, opened in 2003.

High school

 * Scotland High School

College
The city is home to St. Andrews University, formerly known as St. Andrews Presbyterian College.

Media
Laurinburg is served by the local newspaper, The Laurinburg Exchange.

The local radio station is WLNC.

Notable people

 * Russ Adams, former MLB infielder for the Toronto Blue Jays
 * Megan Brigman, former professional women's soccer player
 * Brent Butler, former MLB infielder
 * Bucky Covington, country musician and American Idol Season 5 finalist
 * Wes Covington, former MLB outfielder
 * Robert Dozier, professional basketball player
 * Lorinza Harrington, former NBA player
 * Joseph Roswell Hawley, four-term U.S. Senator, two-term U.S. Congressman, Governor of Connecticut, and Union Army Major General
 * Harriet McBryde Johnson, activist for the disabled
 * Sam Jones, former NBA Shooting Guard, 10x NBA Champion, 5x NBA All-Star, 3x All-NBA Second Team, NBA Anniversary Team Boston Celtics
 * Samantha Joye, oceanographer known for her work studying the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
 * Terrell Manning, NFL player
 * William S. McArthur, former United States Army colonel and NASA astronaut
 * Bejun Mehta, countertenor
 * James Dickson Phillips Jr., United States Court of Appeals judge
 * William R. Purcell, physician and politician
 * Travian Robertson, NFL defensive end
 * Kelvin Sampson, college basketball coach
 * Terry Sanford, former Governor of North Carolina and U.S. Senator
 * Charlie Scott, NBA All-Star and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill player, Olympic gold medalist in 1968, and valedictorian at Laurinburg Institute
 * Woody Shaw, hard-bop (jazz) trumpeter
 * Franklin Stubbs, MLB player
 * Hilee Taylor, NFL defensive end
 * Leonard Thompson, PGA Tour golfer
 * Ben Vereen, actor, dancer, and singer
 * Jacoby Watkins, former NFL cornerback and North Carolina football player
 * Zamir White, NFL Running Back, Las Vegas Raiders

Sister cities
Laurinburg has one sister city, as designated by Sister Cities International:
 * 🏴 Oban, Argyll and Bute, Scotland

title: Laurinburg, North Carolina


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Falun Municipality

Falun Municipality (Falu kommun) is a municipality in Dalarna County in central Sweden. Its seat is located in the city of Falun. Falun is the second biggest city and provincial capital of Dalarna County. Falun was originally famous for its copper mine.

The present municipality was formed at the time of the local government reform of 1971, when the City of Falun and six surrounding rural municipalities were amalgamated.

Localities

 * Aspeboda
 * Bengtsheden
 * Bjursås
 * Danholn
 * Grycksbo
 * Falun (seat)
 * Linghed
 * Sundborn
 * Svärdsjö
 * Sågmyra
 * Toftbyn
 * Vika

Demographics
This is a demographic table based on Falun Municipality's electoral districts in the 2022 Swedish general election sourced from SVT's election platform, in turn taken from SCB official statistics.

In total there were 59,762 residents, including 46,002 Swedish citizens of voting age. 51.8% voted for the left coalition and 46.7% for the right coalition.

Local politics
The Falu Party is a party with local interests.

Sister cities
The following places have sister cities agreements with Falun:
 * Hamina, Finland
 * Grudziądz, Poland
 * Gütersloh, Germany
 * Vordingborg, Denmark

Falun also has two cooperation towns without formal sistering treaty:
 * Kimberley, South Africa
 * Pskov, Russia

title: Falun Municipality


text:
Talk:Gothic rock

Note regarding editing of Goth related articles
This is an article (subject) which can only be accurately written and edited by persons who have been lifelong members of the European Goth subculture from it's inception in 1982. Those who do not meet this criteria have no business attempting to make assessments of a subcultural history they know little or nothing about. So please leave the writing and editing to those who know first hand - Thanks!79.230.107.17 (talk) 21:00, 23 February 2013 (UTC)
 * This is not how Wikipedia works. Please read the links I posted on your talkpage, which explain these issues. In the meantime this talkpage is for discussion of major changes. The changes you have made to this article, which introduce, among other issues, original research and do not conform to the guidelines on neutral point of view need to get consensus here before being implemented.--  SabreBD  (talk ) 00:51, 24 February 2013 (UTC)

All changes made to the article are factual and relevant to the article. Removing these changes is blatent censorship of relevant factual information. If censorship is how Wikipedia works, then Wikipedia is doomed.79.230.107.17 (talk) 11:41, 24 February 2013 (UTC)

Incidentally, I was there at the Batcave during the batcave era from 1982 and onwards, both as a band member of one of many goth bands during that time and a member of the UK goth subculture. The history of Goth and my own history are inseperable, since I have lived through every moment of Goth's history and was a part of it's making. When you think you know more than I do about the subject, then you're welcome to prove it, until then - my contribution and edits stand as fact.79.230.107.17 (talk) 12:27, 24 February 2013 (UTC)

 * You should particularly read WP:Verify. I am afraid you telling us that you were present from 1982 is not relevant in Wikipedia. Your experiences are original research and Wikipedia is not the place for these. It is also important for Wikipedia to maintain a neutral point of view, which your edits do not do. You seem to be suggesting that deathrock is distinct from gothic rock and that gothic rock is not a musical genre and have made changes that now mean the text does not reflect the reliable sources used in this article (this is apart form the formatting problems that your edits have created: removing the lead and infobox, which are important parts of this article). If you have a case for these changes and can supply reliable sources, you need to bring those points here and gain a consensus for your changes. Otherwise they will almost certainly be reverted. You should also be aware of the WP:3RR, which you are in danger of breaking.--  SabreBD  (talk ) 13:44, 24 February 2013 (UTC)

Deathrock evolved in North America from 1978 - 1983 independently of Goth in Europe which evolved during the same period, from 1984 Deathrock and Goth began to merge into a worldwide Goth movement. This is not "original research" it's simply an historical fact. It was not until Oliver Wisdom released "The Bat Cave, Young Limbs & Numb Hymns" in 1983 outside the UK that the "Aha" moment arrived in North America, then Kommunity FK (Patrick Mata) performed at the Batcave in 1983, the following year in April 1984 Christian Death (Rozz Williams) played the Batcave (Their first UK performance), at this point the pot had been mixed. As I stated in the article - Genre is a marketing tool for the music industry, the term has no real meaning and exists only in the imagination. So no, Goth is not a genre, and neither is any free art form.

Goth is not a static movement. The term "Gothic Rock" may have been valid in the mid 80's, however today the "Rock" tag is obsolete and irrelevant. Goth has become a free-form art movement.

I will post the changes below for discussion so a concensus can be reached at some point.79.230.107.17 (talk) 23:45, 24 February 2013 (UTC)

Goth music
The bands which directly infuenced the evolution of "Goth" music are (in chronological order): Bauhaus, Joy Division, Siouxsie and the Banshees, Virgin Prunes, The Cure,, The Sisters of Mercy, Southern Death Cult, Specimen, Alien Sex Fiend, Sexbeat, The Venomettes, Sex Gang Children, Clan of Xymox, and Dead Can Dance. Dave Vanian of The Damned was an obvious influence on Goth fashion style, although the band has never been in any way dark or gothic in musical terms.

Whilst the person who wrote the above is probably right that these bands influenced Goth, they were not all Goths by any means. The article makes some effort to distinguish between bands that influenced the Goths and were admired by them and those that actually were 'Gothic'. However it seems to confuse the issue repeatedly and a bit more clarity in this regard seems desirable. The term gothic (small 'g'!) was often used adjectivally (rather than in reference to a genre) of 'post-punk' bands like Joy Division, the Banshees, The Cure, The Birthday Party, Killing Joke, Bauhaus etc. These were distinct from 'true' Goth bands like Sisters of Mercy, Fields of the Nephilim etc. (this can be confusing as the Sisters have themselves rejected the term just as the Birthday Party and Killing Joke did). If you went to a Cure gig in the late eighties you'd be very conscious of the different camps by the way people were dressed. You'd have your general indie kids (generally no make up and not chromatically challenged in the wardrobe department), then there'd be the guys with Robert Smith hairdos, make up, all in black (usually black denims and baggy jumpers). They weren't Goths. They were the obsessive Cure fans. Also in black and heavily made up with dyed black hair, but usually with piercings and a penchant for leather, rubber, bondage gear, studded dog collars, wrist bands, belts etc were the actual goths. Easy to spot the difference. The Goths adopted the post punk likes of the Cure, yet whilst those bands may've been gothic, they certainly weren't Goths.

In regards to music and ideology drawing strict lines is always questionable but I would point to the Sisters of Mercy's self proclaimed vision of their look and sound as the culmination and pointlessness of all prior rock cliches. The same can be said for the absurdities of the likes of the Nephilim. The more theatrical post punk bands (Banshees, Cure, Birthday Party) were adopting a look that was expressionistic rather than ironic. Similarly post punk music was broadly speaking expressionistic in tone -seeking to expand the vocabulary of rock music. By contrast the Goths propounded a millenialist, fin-de sciecle attitude that everything had been said and done and their music and image reflected a nihilism founded on this.

As for the Damned they certainly weren't Goths to start with and their graveyard imagery was pure comedy, but they later tried to pose as Goths in order to cash in (indeed one could argue that the Banshees did this later on as their popularity waned too, and even the Cure if a bit more passively). General blackblood (talk) 15:25, 25 October 2013 (UTC)

Terminology - Goth vs "Gothic Rock"
It should be noted that the outdated term Gothic rock has become obsolete, (much as the terms "Groovy" and "Hipster"), given that the term Rock with it's 1950's Rock and Roll roots, is extremely limiting and no longer relevant to 21st century music and subculture.

Rock music by definition is based on 4/4 time signature 12-Bar R&B (Blues), with a back beat provided by drums, and a rhythm provided by bass and guitar.

Goth music does not require any of these elements, it can include any imaginable rhythm, combination of rhythms or polyrhythms, or can be completely devoid of all rhythm, with no key or time signature, no beat, no drums, no bass, no guitar or any stringed or percussion instruments of any kind. Goth can be a drone or complete silence. Goth can be white noise or ambient sound or absolutely anything the artist requires it to be as an instrument of expression. Goth music is a free art form, which can be as avant gard, experimental or as conventional as the artist composing it.

The term "Rock" therefore has no meaning in such a context. The concept of Genre itself is nothing short of a pair of creative handcuffs without a key.

Virtually all existing "Goths" agree that the term Goth is now universally applied to both goth music and goth subculure, without the need for any genre tags. The term "genre" being solely a marketing tool for the music industry.79.230.107.17 (talk) 23:45, 24 February 2013 (UTC)

 * I am not sure how to respond to all this. These seem to be unsourced changes and that constitute original research, which is to be avoided on Wikipedia. It is probably not helpful to post all the proposed changes here, but better to concisely summarise what you are trying to do and what exactly are your reliable sources.--  SabreBD  (talk ) 09:40, 26 February 2013 (UTC)

For what it's worth, I did a googlebook search on pussible names for this article. "goth music" gets 1,730 results, "goth rock" gets 2,570 results, and "gothic rock" gets 5,210 results. I also found a few hundred results for "pop-goth". Dimadick (talk) 11:36, 27 February 2013 (UTC)

 * I wanted to bring it up in the past, but I thought people would brand me as nitpicking. Wikipedia, and Americans all you can do is shake your head. Anyone old enough from the late 80's know the term was simply "Goth". After it became mainstream in the U.S/Canada in the late 90s and well after 2000's American kids started adding the rock...See "Punk Rock". Americans cant say it without the rock for some reason. Well its obvious its rock music.Starbwoy (talk) 23:37, 5 June 2017 (UTC)

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Gothic rock should be retitled Goth Rock or at least Goth rock"
I really haven't heard of anyone call it "Gothic rock" I do know many sources that do explain it being called Goth Rock

Renaming the article to "Goth music" and focusing on '80s goth in general (including goth-pop)
Is there any good reason why this shouldn't be done? The "rock" seems totally arbitrary to me. I never see this genre referred to as "gothic rock". It's almost always "goth" and sometimes "goth-pop".--Ilovetopaint (talk) 01:49, 19 April 2018 (UTC)
 * Absolutely not. Go into any database (Discogs for example, and "gothic rock" is a primary genre. I have been listening to and professionally writing about this music for 30+ years and have never once heard it referred to as "gothic pop" save for modern-day 2000s artists (which is not the focus of this article). Where on earth are you pulling this from? Gothic rock is a standard music business and music source genre term; everyone has seen it and knows what it means. Gothic pop? What even is that? Do a Google search. "Gothic rock": 1,880,000 results. "Goth-pop": 62,000 results. Speaks for itself.Greg Fasolino (talk) 18:50, 19 April 2018 (UTC)

 * I absolutely agree. The genre term is Gothic Rock. Tons of books and academic publications describe this genre of music... Just another dorky proposal by Mr. Ilovetopaint, based on his POV... Don't try something funny. I'll revert it. --RivetHeadCulture (talk) 23:19, 19 April 2018 (UTC)

 * Not to mention Mick Mercer's early contribution to the goth books fields - The Gothic Rock Black Book and Gothic Rock sheridan (talk) 10:22, 20 April 2018 (UTC)

 * "... have never once heard it referred to as "gothic pop" save for modern-day 2000s artists (which is not the focus of this article)." That's my point entirely... why can't it be part of the focus? "Because Discogs"? Oh, that changes everything, I guess, since we all know how trustworthy online databases like Discogs/AllMusic/Rateyourmusic are (they aren't). Thanks also for the Google web results fallacy (search Google News and you see "goth-pop" has 1,610 results to "goth-rock"'s 1,950).
 * gave interesting insight on this subject a year ago (scroll up on this talk page). I only had one question that this article doesn't answer very well -- is goth pop the same thing as goth rock, and if not, then what makes gothic rock distinct from other gothic music? And does "other gothic music" even exist? --Ilovetopaint (talk) 22:33, 1 May 2018 (UTC)

 * Which part of the words "books" and "scientific publications" don't you understand? This discussion is entirely pointless. Goth pop is not an established genre term. The correct term used by musicologists and sociologists is GOTHIC ROCK. --RivetHeadCulture (talk) 10:36, 2 May 2018 (UTC)

 * Let's keep it [|civil], eh? "(d) belittling a fellow editor, including the use of judgemental edit summaries or talk-page posts (e.g. "that is the stupidest thing I have ever seen", "snipped crap")" sheridan (talk) 12:59, 13 February 2019 (UTC)

It's worth remembering that this entire article is about a British phenomenon which we Brits first called both Goth and Gothic in its formative years 1979-80, during which both Siouxsie and Bauhaus disowned the term even as key figures referenced in the "Origins" section began using it. Of course the term had echoed around the American scene during the 1960s-70s and provides a sounding board for this article, but the intro does refer explicitly to a later chapter in British music history. I'm afraid American observers frequently insist on asserting their own terms at Wikipedia for aspects of British subculture misguidedly! Just sayin'. 217.155.200.241 (talk) 13:17, 11 March 2019 (UTC)

 * I'd also suggest that the intro is substantially wrong to assert: "Gothic rock then gave rise to a broader subculture that included clubs, fashion and publications in the 1980s." Perhaps within a small following of Goths. But fashion had a far greater impact at the same time that the dance music revolution in UK nightclubbing exploded specifically out of London's Blitz club in 1979, otherwise called the New Romantics movement, which triggered a new Swinging London and unprecedented overhauls by the young of the middle-aged institutions of fashion, music and media in the UK. Goth was one of many trends that comprised the slipstream. 217.155.200.241 (talk) 13:32, 11 March 2019 (UTC)

 * Sorry if I come across as dense, but I take this to mean that you believe the article should in fact be renamed to Goth music or Gothic music? Ilovetopaint (talk) 08:07, 12 March 2019 (UTC)

Finn Bhul @ 103.176.81.112 (talk) 15:06, 8 December 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Gothic rock


text:
Gagnef Municipality

Gagnef Municipality (Gagnefs kommun) is a municipality in Dalarna County in central Sweden. Its seat is located in the town of Djurås with 2,257 inhabitants, with the largest town being Mockfjärd with 2365 inhabitants. The locality of Gagnef itself is a smaller village.

In 1971 "old" Gagnef was amalgamated with Floda, forming the present municipality.

The industry is dominated by small and semi-small companies mainly operating in the forest industry.

Geographically, the two rivers of the Västerdal River and the Österdal River flow together in Gagnef to form the Dal River, as represented in the municipality's coat of arms.

Localities

 * Björbo
 * Bäsna
 * Djurmo
 * Djurås (seat)
 * Floda
 * Gagnef
 * Mockfjärd
 * Sifferbo

Demographics
This is a demographic table based on Gagnef Municipality's electoral districts in the 2022 Swedish general election sourced from SVT's election platform, in turn taken from SCB official statistics.

In total there were 10,500 residents, including 8,044 Swedish citizens of voting age. 44.1% voted for the left coalition and 55.0% for the right coalition. Indicators are in percentage points except population totals and income.

title: Gagnef Municipality


text:
Boulogne-sur-Mer

Boulogne-sur-Mer (Boulonne-su-Mér; Bonen; Gesoriacum or Bononia), often called just Boulogne, is a coastal city in Northern France. It is a sub-prefecture of the department of Pas-de-Calais. Boulogne lies on the Côte d'Opale, a touristic stretch of French coast on the English Channel between Calais and Normandy, and the most visited location in the region after the Lille conurbation. Boulogne is its department's second-largest city after Calais, and the 183rd-largest in France. It is also the country's largest fishing port, specialising in herring.

Boulogne is an ancient town and was the main Roman port for trade and communication with its Province of Britain. After a period of Germanic presence following the collapse of the Empire, Boulogne was integrated into the County of Boulogne of the Kingdom of France during the Middle Ages. It was occupied by the Kingdom of England numerous times due to conflict between the two nations. In 1805 it was a staging area for Napoleon's troops for several months during his planned invasion of the United Kingdom.

The city's 12th-century belfry is recognised by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site (along with other belfries of Belgium and France), while another popular attraction is the marine conservation centre Nausicaa.

Name
The French name Boulogne derives from the Latin Bononia, which was also the Roman name for Bologna in Italy. Both places – and Vindobona (Vienna) – are thought to have derived from native Celtic placenames, with bona possibly meaning "foundation", "citadel", or "granary". The French epithet -Mer ("on-the-sea") distinguishes the city from Boulogne-Billancourt on the edge of Paris. In turn, the Boulogne in Boulogne-Billancourt originates from a church there dedicated to Notre-Dame de Boulogne, "Our Lady of Boulogne[-sur-Mer]".

Origin of the city
The foundation of the city known to the Romans as Gesoriacum is credited to the Celtic Boii. In the past, it was sometimes conflated with Caesar's Portus Itius, but that is now thought to have been a site near Calais which has since silted up. A tall lighthouse was built at Gesoriacum circa 39 AD by order of the Emperor Caligula, possibly in preparation for an invasion of Britain. Known as the Tour d'Ordre, coastal erosion caused it to topple into the sea in 1644.From the time of Claudius's invasion in AD 43, Gesoriacum formed the major port connecting the rest of the empire to Britain. It was the chief base of the Roman navy's Britannic fleet until the rebellion of its admiral Carausius in 286. As part of the imperial response, the junior emperor Constantius Chlorus successfully besieged it by land and sea in 293. The name of the settlement was changed to Bononia at some point between the sack of Gesoriacum and 310, possibly as a consequence of its refounding or possibly by the replacement of the sacked and lower-lying city by another nearby community.

The city was an important town of the Morini (the 'sea people'), and Zosimus called it Germanorum ("Germanic-speaking") at the end of the 4th century.

Middle Ages

In the Middle Ages Boulogne was the capital of an eponymous county, founded in the mid-9th century. An important Count, Eustace II, assisted William the Conqueror in his conquest of England. His wife founded the city's Notre Dame cathedral, which became a site of pilgrimage from the 12th century onwards, attended by fourteen French kings and five of England. It was an important whaling center prior to 1121. The city survived on herring fishing and received its municipal charter from Count Renaud of Dammartin in 1203.

The area was fought over by the French and the English, including several English occupations during the course of the Hundred Years War. In 1492 Henry VII laid siege to Boulogne before the conflict was ended by the Peace of Étaples. Boulogne was again occupied by the English from 1544 to 1550. In 1550, The Peace of Boulogne ended the war of England with Scotland and France. France bought back Boulogne for 400,000 crowns. A culture of smuggling was present in the city until 1659, when French gains in Flanders from the Treaty of the Pyrenees moved the border northwards.

19th century
Boulogne received its current status as a subprefecture of the Pas-de-Calais department in 1800 due to the territorial re-organisation in Revolutionary France. France became the French Empire in 1804; in 1803 Boulogne became an Imperial City (Ville Impériale).

The 19th century was a prosperous one for Boulogne, which became a bathing resort for wealthy Parisians after the 1848 completion of the Longueau–Boulogne railway connecting the town with the French capital. In the 19th century, the Basilica of Notre-Dame de Boulogne was reconstructed by the priest Benoît Haffreingue, who claimed to have received a call from God in 1820 to reconstruct the town's ruined basilica. During the Napoleonic Wars, Napoleon amassed La Grande Armée in Boulogne to invade the United Kingdom in 1805. However, his plans were halted by other European matters and by the supremacy of the Royal Navy.

A nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte, Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte (subsequently the emperor Napoleon III), returned to France in secret from his exile in Britain, passing through Boulogne in August 1840. He was later jailed for trying to lead a revolt in Strasbourg.

World wars
During the First World War, this was the entrepôt for the first unit of the British Expeditionary Force to land in France and for many others thereafter. Boulogne was one of the three base ports most extensively used by the Commonwealth armies on the Western Front throughout the First World War. It was closed and cleared on 27 August 1914 when the Allies were forced to fall back ahead of the German advance, but was opened again in October and from that month to the end of the war, Boulogne and Wimereux formed one of the chief hospital areas.

Until June 1918, the dead from the hospitals at Boulogne were buried in the Cimetiere de L'Est, one of the town's cemeteries, the Commonwealth graves forming a long, narrow strip along the right hand edge of the cemetery. In the spring of 1918, it was found that space was running short in the Eastern Cemetery in spite of repeated extensions to the south and the site of the new cemetery at Terlincthun was chosen. It also was the site of an Allied (French and British) armaments production conference.

On 22 May 1940 during the Battle of France, two British Guards battalions and some pioneers attempted to defend Boulogne against an attack by the German 2nd Panzer Division. Despite fierce fighting, the British were overwhelmed and the survivors were evacuated by Royal Navy destroyers while under direct German gunfire. On 15 June 1944, 297 aircraft (155 Avro Lancasters, 130 Handley Page Halifaxes, and 12 De Havilland Mosquitos) of the Royal Air Force bombed Boulogne harbour to suppress German naval activity following D-Day. Some of the Lancasters carried Tallboy bombs and the harbour and the surrounding area were completely destroyed. In August 1944 the town was declared a "fortress" by Adolf Hitler but it succumbed to Operation Wellhit, the assault and liberation by the 3rd Canadian Infantry Division in September. In one incident, a French civilian guided the Canadians to a "secret passage" leading into the walled old town and by-passing the German defenders.

To replace the destroyed urban infrastructure, affordable housing and public facility projects in functional, brutalist building styles were carried out in the 1950s and 60s.

Location
Boulogne-sur-Mer is in Northern France, at the edge of the Channel and in the mouth of the river Liane. In a direct line, Boulogne is approximately at 30 km from Calais, 50 km from Folkestone, 100 km from Lille and Amiens, 150 km from Rouen and London and 215 km from Paris.

Boulogne is a relatively important city of the North, exercising an influence on the Boulonnais territory (74 towns and villages which surround Boulogne). The coast consists of important tourist natural sites, like the capes Gris Nez and Blanc Nez (which are the closest points of France to England), and attractive seaside resorts like Wimereux, Wissant, Hardelot and Le Touquet. The hinterland is mainly rural and agricultural.

Urbanization
The city is divided into several parts :
 * City centre : groups historic and administrative buildings, and also accommodations, stores, banks, churches, pedestrian streets and places.
 * Fortified town : old-town where are a lot of historic monuments (the castle-museum, the basilica, the belfry, the imperial palace) and also the city hall and the courthouse. it is surrounded by 13th-century ramparts very appreciated today by walkers.
 * Gambetta-Sainte-Beuve : tourist area situated in the northwest of the city, on the edge of the beach and the recreational harbour.
 * Capécure : economic and industrial area, situated in the west of the city, around the harbour.
 * Saint-Pierre (Saint Peter) : former neighborhood of the fishermen, destroyed during World War II and reconstructed after.
 * Chemin Vert (Green path) : zone created in the 1950s, knowing today poverty and unemployment. it is the neighborhood of Franck Ribéry.
 * Dernier Sou (Last penny) : residential area situated in the east of the city.
 * Beaurepaire (Beautiful hideout) : residential area situated in the north of the city.
 * Bréquerecque : residential area situated in the south of the city.

Climate
Boulogne-sur-Mer has an oceanic climate that has chilly winters not far above freezing and cool summers tempered by its exposure to the sea. Considering its position, the climate is quite cold in relation to south and east coast locations in England year round. Due to warm winds originating inland, the record temperatures in summer are well above the averages and the warmest day of the year is averaging about 31 C. Summer diurnal temperature variation is low, with normals varying between nights of 15 C with days at about 20 C. Precipitation is also higher than in said southern English locations. Between 1981 and 2010 the precipitation days averaged 125.3 annually, although overall precipitation increased somewhat in the next averages of 1991 to 2020.

Transport
Boulogne is close to the A16 motorway (Paris-Amiens-Calais-Dunkerque). Metropolitan bus services are operated by "Marinéo". The company Flixbus proposed establishing a bus line connecting Paris to Boulogne. There are coach services to Calais and Dunkerque.

The city has several railway stations, of which the most important is Boulogne-Ville station, located in the south of the city. Boulogne-Tintelleries station is used by regional trains. It is located near the university and the city centre. The former Boulogne-Maritime and Boulogne-Aéroglisseurs stations served as a boat connection (to England) for the railway.

Boulogne-Ville was the terminus of the Chemin de fer de Boulogne à Bonningues (CF de BB), which extended their line from Saint-Martin-Boulogne on 12 May 1902. Within Boulogne were also halts at Rue de la Lampe, Rue de la Liane, Abbatoir and La Madelaine. The CF de BB closed to passenger traffic on 31 December 1935. It was reopened in November 1942, and closed in 1948.

Boulogne has no cross channel ferry services since the closure of the route to Dover by LD Lines in 2010.

The regional trains are TER Hauts-de-France run by SNCF. The principal service runs from Gare de Boulogne-Ville via Gare de Calais-Fréthun, Gare de Calais-Ville to Gare de Lille-Flandres.

Sights
Boulogne's 12th-century belfry is one of 56 listed Belfries of Belgium and France, all in northeastern France and Belgium, with shared World Heritage Site status because of their architecture and testimony to the rise of municipal power in the region. It is the oldest building in the upper city of Boulogne, and currently serves as the home to a museum of Celtic remains from the Roman occupation. Founded as the Count's dungeon, the top floor was added in the 13th century. Damage by a fire in 1712 was built over by 1734.

Other than the belfry there are also the following sights:
 * Medieval walls 1,500 metres long, with 4 gates and 17 towers from the 13th century
 * Medieval castle, whose foundations date to Roman times. It houses an Egyptian art collection, and the ancient Greek Suicide of Ajax Vase.
 * Gothic church of St Nicholas, housing several 15th-century statues
 * Cathedral basilica of Notre-Dame, with a dome standing at over 100 m. The crypt is one of the largest in France, and has Roman, Romanesque and Gothic elements.
 * Opened in 1991, Nausicaä – The French National Sea Centre is a science centre entirely dedicated to the relationship between mankind and the sea. It houses Aquaria, exhibitions on marine fauna, and the exploitation and management of marine resources (fisheries, aquaculture, coastal planning, maritime transport, exploitation of energies and mineral, tourism).
 * The Boulogne Eastern Cemetery, created during the Great War
 * Colonne de la Grande Armée – Statue of Napoleon I

Economy
Boulogne-sur-Mer is an important fishing port, with 7,000 inhabitants deriving part, or all, of their livelihoods from fishing.

IFREMER (the French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea) and the Pasteur Institute are located in Boulogne Port.

Certain brands, including Crown and Findus, have regional offices in Boulogne.

Media

 * Radio : France Bleu Nord, Virgin Radio Côte d'Opale
 * Television : France 3 Côte d'Opale
 * Print : La Voix du Nord (édition de Boulogne sur Mer), La Semaine dans le Boulonnais, Touzazimut

Events
In 1905, the first World Esperanto Congress was held in Boulogne-sur-Mer, where the historic Declaration of Boulogne was ratified. L. L. Zamenhof, the creator of Esperanto, was among the attendees. In 2005, there was an anniversary celebration to mark the centenary with more than 500 attendees.

Administration

 * Boulogne is the seat of the Communauté d'agglomération du Boulonnais

Population
In 2018, 40,664 people lived in the city, while its metropolitan area had a population of 160,130.

Education
Boulogne-sur-Mer hosts one of the oldest Universités de l'été – summer courses in French language and culture. It is known as the Université d'été de Boulogne-sur-Mer.

The Saint-Louis building of the University of the Côte d'Opale's Boulogne campus opened its doors in 1991, on the site of the former St. Louis Hospital, the front entrance to which remains a predominant architectural feature. Its 6 major specialisms are Modern Languages, French Literature, Sport, Law, History and Economics. The university is situated in the town centre, about 5 minutes from the Boulogne Tintelleries railway station.

University

 * Campus University of the Littoral Opal Coast (Saint-Louis, Grand-Rue and Capérure site), member of Université Lille Nord de France.

Public primary and secondary

 * High schools : Lycée Auguste Mariette, Edouard Branly, Cazin (professional).
 * College : College Langevin, Angelier, Daunou.

Private primary and secondary

 * High schools: Lycée Nazareth, Haffreingue, Saint-Joseph
 * College: College Godefroy de Bouillon, Haffreingue, Nazareth, Saint-Joseph

Health
Two health centres are located in Boulogne, the public Hospital Duchenne and the private Clinique de la côte d'opale.

Sports
Boulogne's football club, US Boulogne Côte d'Opale (US refers to Union Sportive), is one of the oldest in France due to the city's proximity to England, founded in 1898. The club currently play in the third tier, the Championnat National, and host home matches at the 14,500-capacity Stade de la Libération. Boulogne native and FIFA World Cup finalist Franck Ribéry began his career at the club.

Basketball teams in Boulogne include Stade Olympique Maritime Boulonnais and ESSM Le Portel of Pro A (first-tier men's professional basketball league in France).

Culture
The Château de Boulogne-sur-Mer (now a castle museum) of Boulogne, in the fortified town, houses the most important exhibition of masks from Alaska in the world, the second largest collection of Greek ceramics in France (after the Louvre), collections of Roman and medieval sculptures, paintings (15th–20th century), an Egyptian collection, African Arts etc. As these collections are exhibited in a medieval castle, one can also discover the Roman walls (in the underground) as well as rooms built in the 13th century (La Barbière, banqueting hall, chapel, covered parapet walk...)

La Casa San Martin is currently a museum where José de San Martín the leader of independence struggle in Argentina (also Chile and Peru) died in 1850, from 1930 to 1967 this house was the consulate of Argentina in France. There is a statue dedicated to his colleague Simón Bolívar, other liberator of South America in the revolutions against Spanish colonial rule in the 1810s. Bolivar planned to head in exile to this very part of France before his death in 1830. Historic emigration in the 19th century from the Nord-Pas de Calais region to Argentina and Chile can explain some cultural ties with South America of the Boulognais and Latino/Ibero-American culture.

Nausicaä, the French national sealife centre.

Food
As an international maritime port on the English Channel (La Manche), the town of Boulogne-sur-Mer has European and American influences in local cuisine. They include:
 * Welsh rarebit (from Wales, United Kingdom)
 * Sandwich américain (an American sandwich introduced from the US)
 * Kipper (Flemish: smoked herring)

Born in Boulogne

 * Guynemer (fl. 1090s), pirate.
 * Matilda of Boulogne (1105–1152), Countess of Boulogne and queen consort of England; the wife of Stephen, King of England (reigned 1135–1154).
 * Michel Le Quien (1661–1733), monk and historian.
 * Pierre Claude François Daunou (1761–1840), politician and historian.
 * Frédéric Sauvage (1786–1857), engineer and a pioneer of the propeller.
 * Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve (1804–1869), literary critic and one of the major figures of French literary history.
 * Guillaume Duchenne (1806–1875), neurologist.
 * Auguste Delacroix (1809-1868), painter.
 * Auguste Mariette (1821–1881), scholar and archaeologist, one of the foremost Egyptologists of his generation, and the founder of the Egyptian Museum in Cairo.
 * Joseph O'Kelly (1828–1885), composer and pianist.
 * Auguste O'Kelly (1829–1900), music publisher.
 * Charles Frédéric O'Kelly (1830–1897), managing director of Blanzy-Poure.
 * George O'Kelly (1831–1914), pianist and composer.
 * Alexandre Guilmant (1837–1911), organist/composer.
 * Étienne-Prosper Berne-Bellecour (1838–1910), painter.
 * Benoît-Constant Coquelin (1841–1909), actor.
 * Ernest Hamy (1842–1908), anthropologist/ethnologist; created (in 1880) the museum of ethnography of Trocadéro (today known as the Musée de l'Homme, Trocadéro).
 * Ernest Alexandre Honoré Coquelin (1848–1909), actor.
 * Olivier Latry (1962), Titular Organist of the Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris, and professor at the Paris Conservatory.
 * Henri Malo (1868–1948), writer and historian.
 * Léo Marjane (1912–2016), singer.
 * Georges Mathieu (1921–2012), famous painter, initiator of "lyrical abstraction" and informal art.
 * Michel Caffier (born 1930), writer and literary critic.
 * Sophie Daumier (1934–2004), film actress.
 * Estha Essombe (born 1963), judoka.
 * Jean-Pierre Papin (born 1963), footballer.
 * David Ringot (born 1969), footballer.
 * Mickaël Bourgain (born 1980), track cyclist.
 * Franck Ribéry (born 1983), footballer.
 * Terence Makengo (born 1992), footballer.

Others associated with Boulogne

 * Godfrey of Bouillon (c.1060–1100), Count of Boulogne, prominent figure in the First Crusade
 * Baldwin I of Jerusalem (c.1058–1118), Count of Boulogne, prominent figure in the First Crusade
 * Blaise de Monluc (1502–1577), Marshal of France
 * Richard Martin (1754–1834), Irish parliamentarian and animal rights campaigner; exiled to Boulogne in 1826, where he died
 * Smithson Tennant (1761–1815), chemist, discoverer of osmium and iridium, died falling from a bridge in Boulogne
 * Romeo Coates (1772–1848), amateur actor, fled from London to Boulogne to escape debtor's prison. He lived there for several years, and met his wife during this period.
 * Adam Liszt (1776–1827), father of Franz Liszt, died from Typhoid fever while on a vacation
 * José de San Martín (1778–1850), Argentine general who liberated Argentina, Chile and Peru; lived for two years in Boulogne and died there
 * John Short Hewett (1781–1835), British cleric and academic, died there
 * Benoît-Agathon Haffreingue (1785–1871), priest and builder of Boulogne's cathedral
 * Félix Godefroid (1818–1897), Belgium-born composer, grew up in Boulogne
 * Constant Coquelin (1841–1909), actor
 * John McCrae (1872–1918), Canadian doctor, poet; author of In Flanders Field
 * Alfred-Georges Regner (1902–1987), painter-engraver
 * Maurice Boitel (1919–2007), painter
 * Olivier Latry (born 1962), musician, educator
 * Grégory Thil (born 1980), footballer
 * N'Golo Kanté (born 1991), footballer
 * Maëva Coucke (born 1994), Miss France 2018
 * Randal Kolo Muani (born 1998), footballer

International relations
Boulogne-sur-Mer is twinned with:
 * Folkestone, Kent, United Kingdom
 * La Plata, Argentina
 * Safi, Morocco – since 2007
 * Deux-Ponts (Zweibrücken), Germany – since 1959

title: Boulogne-sur-Mer


text:
Hedemora Municipality

Hedemora Municipality (Hedemora kommun) is a municipality in Dalarna County in central Sweden. Its seat is in the city of Hedemora.

In 1966 the City of Hedemora was amalgamated with the rural municipality by the same name and with Husby.

Military history
Hedemora town was gathering place for the peasant militia during the Swedish War of Liberation against Denmark. In the victorious Battle of Brunnbäck Ferry in 1521, Peder Svensson from the village ofVibberboda in present day Hedemora Municipality was one of the two leaders (the other was Olof Bonde from Norrbärke in todays Smedjebacken Municipality).

During the allotment system, the Colonel's Company of Dalarna Regiment had its recruitment area in Hedemora and Husby parishes. The colonels of the regiment had their seat at Husby during this period at Näs kungsgård and Husby kungsgård.

Localities

 * Hedemora (seat)
 * Långshyttan
 * Vikmanshyttan
 * Garpenberg
 * Västerby
 * Husby

Demographics
This is a demographic table based on Hedemora Municipality's electoral districts in the 2022 Swedish general election sourced from SVT's election platform, in turn taken from SCB official statistics.

In total there were 15,435 inhabitants, including 11,840 Swedish citizens of voting age. 45.0 % voted for the left coalition and 53.3 % for the right coalition. Indicators are in percentage points except population totals and income.

Sister cities
Hedemora has five sister cities:

 * 🇱🇻 Bauska, Latvia
 * 🇹🇿 Ishozi-Ishunju-Gera, Tanzania
 * 🇳🇴 Nord Fron, Norway
 * Nysted, Denmark
 * 🇫🇮 Vehkalahti, Finland

title: Hedemora Municipality


text:
Wagram, North Carolina

Wagram is a town in Scotland County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 840 at the 2010 census. The town was named for the Battle of Wagram, a Napoleonic battle at Deutsch-Wagram in Austria.

History
The community was incorporated as Wagram in 1911. The Richmond Temperance and Literary Society Hall and Shaw Family Farms are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. In 2007 the town erected a community recreation center.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.5 sqmi, all of it land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 801 people, 307 households, and 224 families residing in the town. The population density was 545.8 PD/sqmi. There were 361 housing units at an average density of 246.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 45.32% White, 48.06% African American, 4.62% Native American, 0.50% Asian, 0.37% from other races, and 1.12% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.62% of the population.

There were 307 households, out of which 28.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.2% were married couples living together, 20.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.0% were non-families. 23.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.8% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 23.6% from 25 to 44, 27.7% from 45 to 64, and 14.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 75.4 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $39,583, and the median income for a family was $44,615. Males had a median income of $30,809 versus $19,107 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,089. About 14.3% of families and 18.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.9% of those under age 18 and 32.6% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Mary H. Odom, North Carolina state legislator and educator, lived in Wagram.

title: Wagram, North Carolina


text:
Leksand Municipality

Leksand Municipality (Leksands kommun) is a municipality in Dalarna County in central Sweden. Its seat is located in the town of Leksand.

In 1974 "old" Leksand was amalgamated with Ål and reunited with Siljansnäs (which had been separated from it in 1875).

Geography
The municipality is located alongside the Österdalälven, (Österdal River), and the town is at the southern shore of lake Siljan.

The culture is marked by being in the heart of the culture rich Dalarna. There is a substantial old town section in Leksand, with preserved old cottages as a landmark.

Localities

 * Alvik
 * Djura
 * Häradsbygden
 * Insjön
 * Leksand (seat)
 * Siljansnäs
 * Tällberg
 * Västanvik

Demographics
This is a demographic table based on Leksand Municipality's electoral districts in the 2022 Swedish general election sourced from SVT's election platform, in turn taken from SCB official statistics.

In total there were 15,995 residents, including 12,738 Swedish citizens of voting age. 47.2 % voted for the left coalition and 51.6 % for the right coalition. Indicators are in percentage points except population totals and income.

Economy
Most companies are small enterprises, covering several sectors. To the larger belong:
 * Clas Ohlson (Sweden's largest department store chain, which was founded in Insjön)
 * Leksandsbröd (Swedish crispbread)
 * Bergkvist-Insjön (Wood factory)
 * Tomoku Hus (Houses for export to Japan)
 * Leksands IF (Sport organization)
 * Ejendals

In the 2002 list of Swedish Industry Climate, Leksand Municipality was ranked 15 of 289 investigated municipalities.

Notability
One of Sweden's most popular ice hockey teams is Leksands IF. NHL goalkeeper Johan Hedberg hails from Leksand. In addition, one of Sweden's best baseball teams (Leksand Lumberjacks) plays in Leksand. Along with Mora, Leksand co-hosted the 2007 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships. The European Go Congress was held in Leksand in 2008.

Twin towns – sister cities
Leksand is twinned with:

 * 🇨🇦 Aurora, Canada
 * 🇺🇸 Brainerd, United States
 * Hørsholm, Denmark
 * 🇪🇪 Karksi-Nuia (Mulgi), Estonia
 * 🇳🇴 Lillehammer, Norway
 * 🇫🇮 Oulainen, Finland
 * 🇯🇵 Tōbetsu, Japan

title: Leksand Municipality


text:
Ludvika Municipality

Ludvika Municipality (Ludvika kommun) is a municipality in Dalarna County, central Sweden. It has its seat in the town of Ludvika.

In 1971 the City of Ludvika (itself instituted as such in 1919) was amalgamated with the adjacent municipalities of Grangärde and Säfsnäs, forming the present entity.

Localities
Figures as of 2004.

 * 1) Ludvika 13,724
 * 2) Grängesberg 3,356
 * 3) Sunnansjö 758
 * 4) Saxdalen 752
 * 5) Fredriksberg 741
 * 6) Nyhammar 682
 * 7) Sörvik 540
 * 8) Blötberget 529
 * 9) Persbo/Gräsberg 459
 * 10) Gonäs 432
 * 11) Landforsen/Håksberg 438
 * 12) Grangärde 374
 * Other/countryside 2,967

Economy
These were the largest employers in Ludvika in 2005:
 * 1) Hitachi ABB Power Grids 2,400
 * 2) County medical facilities 600
 * 3) Spendrups brewery  285
 * 4) VBU Västerbergslagens Utbildningscentrum 220
 * 5) RSV Tax Office 110
 * 6) Samhall-gruppen 80
 * 7) GIA Industri AB 75
 * 8) Brunnsviks folkhögskola 75
 * 9) Connex Sverige AB 70
 * 10) Seco Tools AB 70
 * 11) ISS Cleaning 60

Demographics
This is a demographic table based on Ludvika Municipality's electoral districts in the 2022 Swedish general election sourced from SVT's election platform, in turn taken from SCB official statistics.

In total there were 19,610 Swedish citizens of voting age resident in the municipality. 48.8 % voted for the left coalition and 49.8 % for the right coalition. Indicators are in percentage points except population totals and income.

Twin Towns & Sister cities
Ludvika has three twin towns:
 * Bad Honnef, Germany 🇩🇪 DEU Bad Honnef COA.svg
 * Imatra, Finland 🇫🇮 Imatra.vaakuna.svg
 * Kontiolahti, Finland 🇫🇮 Kontiolahti.vaakuna.svg

Sports
Many sport teams have their origins in Ludvika Municipality. The soccer teams "Östansbo IS" (ÖIS), "Ludvika FK" (LFK, male) and "IFK Ludvika" (female) come from Ludvika and play in divisions 4 and 3. All three also have junior teams. There is also an ice-hockey team, Ludvika Hockey Förening Lightning. Other teams include ping-pong teams as well as other sports.

title: Ludvika Municipality


text:
Albemarle, North Carolina

Albemarle is a city in and the county seat of Stanly County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 16,432 in the 2020 census.

Etymology
This place-name is derived from the English surname Albemarle. According to a 1905 publication by the United States Geologic Survey, based on research by University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill history professor Kemp P. Battle, it was named specifically for General George Monck, the first Duke of Albemarle and one of the original proprietors of the colony of Carolina, which included the town.

Ancient and colonial
The site of modern-day Albemarle was originally peopled by small tribes of hunter-gatherers and mound builders whose artifacts and settlements have been dated back nearly 10,000 years. Large-scale European settlement of the region came in the mid-18th century via two primary waves: immigrants of Dutch, Scots-Irish and German descent moved from Pennsylvania and New Jersey seeking enhanced religious and political tolerance, while immigrants of English backgrounds came to the region from Virginia and the Cape Fear River Basin in Eastern North Carolina.

In early English colonial times, the Albemarle area was politically part of the New Hanover Precinct, out of which the Bladen Precinct was created in 1734. The renamed Bladen County was subdivided to create Anson County in 1750, which in turn spawned Montgomery County in 1779.

Establishment of Stanly County and Albemarle
The Albemarle region's first post office was established in 1826; it was then known as Smith's Store. The nearby crossroads of the Old Turnpike Road from Fayetteville to Salisbury and the Old Stage Road connecting Charlotte and Raleigh emerged as an important hub for regional commerce and trade. The region remained part of Montgomery County until 1841, when after years of attempted separation, prominent residents of the increasingly populous areas west of the Yadkin/Pee Dee River system successfully petitioned the North Carolina General Assembly for the establishment of Stanly County as an independent entity. Soon after the new county was formed, its Board of Commissioners was tasked with establishing a permanent county seat within eight miles (13 km) of the home of Eben Hearne (the County's first sheriff), and with laying out a new town, in which a courthouse would be erected. Nehemiah Hearne's heirs donated 51 acre from his plantation near the intersection of the Old Turnpike and Old Stage Roads for the construction of the new County Seat. The County Commissioners established the town's boundaries, laid out streets and surveyed and marked parcels of property within Hearne's donated land. The first land lot sale financed the new town's public buildings and paid some part of the elected officials' salaries. The courthouse was erected in 1842 and used for 50 years. The City of Albemarle was formally incorporated in 1857. The town was named for Albemarle County, the first county established in North Carolina, which was in turn named for the Duke of Albemarle, George Monck, one of the Lords Proprietors granted the province of Carolina in 1663 by King Charles II.

Economic history
The Albemarle region's early economic growth was fueled by agriculture (with cotton as the primary crop), regional mercantile trade and a short-lived gold rush in the nearby Uwharrie Mountains, all later supplanted by textile manufacturing. The Efird Manufacturing Co. (later American and Efird Mills) opened its first mill in Albemarle in 1896, and was followed soon thereafter by the Wiscasset Mill Company, the Cannon Mill Company, the Lillian Knitting Mill and others. In 1899, Wiscassett Mills Company established Cabarrus Bank and Trust, the first bank in Albemarle. By 1910, an electrical distribution plan for the city was underway.

The Yadkin Railroad began rail service to Albemarle from Salisbury in 1891. In 1911, the Winston-Salem Southbound Railway (WSS) constructed its own line through Albemarle to support the booming textile and market, eventually driving the Yadkin Railroad into obsolescence. The WSS still provides freight service through Albemarle, but since 1933 there has been no passenger service to the city. The Old Market Street Station on the WSS line has been restored, and is now the site of a popular farmer's market. The railbed of the Yadkin Railroad has been ripped up and paved over, though a one-mile (1.6 km) segment of its route south of Albemarle now serves as a hiking trail in Rock Creek Park.

In 1923, a state contract was let to construct NC-24/27 to Charlotte, the first paved highway out of Albemarle. In 1950, Stanly County Memorial Hospital opened on land donated by Wiscassett Mills.

Albemarle got its first indoor shopping center in 1966, known as Quenby Mall, and would later be converted to house governmental services in 1993.

In 2024, a new cryptocurrency was developed in Albemarle as part of a fundraiser to save the local restaurant "Jay's Seafood", which had been damaged in a fire.

Historic preservation
Albemarle was recognized by the National Trust for Historic Preservation as a National Main Street City in 1993. There are a number of historic preservation and adaptive reuse projects in its downtown that have been recently completed or are underway, including an initiative to create a greenway linking many of the City's parks and historic sites. The Freeman-Marks House, probably built during the 1820s, is the oldest known surviving house in Albemarle. It is listed in the National Register of Historic Places, along with the Romanesque Revival Opera House/Starnes Jewelers Building (1908) and three small historic districts in the city's downtown area. Another important historic property is the Isaiah W. "Buck" Snuggs House, an antebellum home on Third Street then owned and now named for a Stanly County sheriff who lost his leg in the Civil War Battle of Spotsylvania Court House. The Stanly County Museum in Albemarle provides a focal point for regional historic research and preservation.

The Albemarle Graded School-Central Elementary School, Thomas Marcellus Denning House, Downtown Albemarle Historic District, Five Points Historic District, Opera House-Starnes Jewelers Building, Pee Dee Avenue Historic District, Second Street Historic District, and Isaiah Wilson Snugs House are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, Albemarle has a total area of 15.8 sqmi, of which 15.7 sqmi is land and 0.1 sqmi (0.44%) is water.

The city is centered on the junction of U.S. Route 52 and the duplexed NC-24/27 in the Piedmont Region of North Carolina. Its topography is characterized by rolling, eroded hills, deciduous forests, and fast-running, narrow, shallow streams that feed the Yadkin/Pee Dee River Basin. Little Long Creek and Town Creek are the major non-seasonal streams through Albemarle; both flow generally southward into the Long and Big Bear Creek Sub-basin.

Geology
Albemarle is located in the Floyd Church Formation of the Carolina Slate Belt. Thickly bedded, axially cleaved meta-mudstone and meta-argillite are common in this formation, interbedded with meta-sandstone, meta-conglomerate and meta-volcanic rock. Biotite is the most prevalent Paleozoic metamorphic rock in the region.

Climate
Albemarle has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa), with cool to mild winters and hot, humid summers.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 16,432 people, 6,220 households, and 4,108 families residing in the city.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 15,489 people, 6,291 households, and 4,158 families residing in the city. The population density was 999.0 PD/sqmi. There were 6,954 housing units at an average density of 443.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 72.85% White, 20.50% African American, 0.24% Native American, 4.16% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 1.07% from other races, and 1.14% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 1.87% of the population.

There were 6,291 households, out of which 30.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.8% were married couples living together, 14.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.9% were non-families. 30.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.02.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.0% under the age of 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 26.9% from 25 to 44, 21.3% from 45 to 64, and 17.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,442, and the median income for a family was $41,729. Males had a median income of $31,001 versus $20,589 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,511. About 11.8% of families and 15.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.6% of those under age 18 and 10.8% of those age 65 or over.

Parks and recreation
Albemarle's Parks and Recreation Department was established in 1963. It currently operates and administers five parks within the city's limits, as well as a soccer complex and a ceramics facility. The newest facility under the Department's purview is City Lake, a 75 acre park on a 100 acre lake that was opened in 2003, joining Rock Creek Park, Chuck Morehead Memorial Park, Roosevelt Ingram Memorial Park and Don Montgomery Memorial Park.

Morrow Mountain State Park is a large state park located east of the city. It is situated on a high elevation in the Uwharrie Mountains adjoining the Yadkin River, and offers many recreational activities. The park features a natural history museum and the restored 19th-century home site of Dr. Francis J. Kron.

Education

 * Albemarle High School
 * Stanly Community College

Media
Albemarle and its environs are served by the Stanly News and Press, which was founded in 1880 and is currently owned by Boone Newspapers, Inc. The Weekly Post is a newspaper focusing on local community events in the area. Albemarle is also within the outer coverage and delivery area of The Charlotte Observer

Albemarle and Stanly County are served by two local radio stations, WSPC at 1010 AM with a news/talk format, and WZKY at 1580 AM with an oldies music format. Both are owned by Stanly Communications, Inc. WSPC was previously known as WABZ AM in a former bank at 108 East North Street, across the street from the First Baptist Church.

Television stations available are from the Charlotte Designated Market Area, which Stanly County and Albemarle are a part of. Additionally, the local cable provider carries one station from Greensboro, WFMY-TV.

Notable people

 * Denico Autry, football defensive end for the Tennessee Titans of the NFL; he attended Albemarle High School
 * W. Horace Carter, Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist
 * Louis Cato, multi-instrumentalist and bandleader of The Late Show Band, the house band for The Late Show with Stephen Colbert
 * Willie Drye, journalist and author
 * Woody Durham, radio play-by-play announcer for the Carolina Tar Heels; started his radio career at radio station WZKY 1580 AM in Albemarle
 * Stuart Daniel Baker, better known as Unknown Hinson, musician and voice actor
 * Danny Kepley, former all-star linebacker for the Canadian Football League Edmonton Eskimos; member of the Canadian Football Hall of Fame
 * T.A. McLendon, football running back, holds several national high school records; starred for the North Carolina State Wolfpack; played at Albemarle High School
 * Monty Montgomery, former Major League Baseball player
 * Kellie Pickler, 2006 American Idol contestant; country recording artist; three-time Stanly County AIDS Rodeo for Charity Champion (2002-2004); Season 16 winner of Dancing with the Stars (2013)
 * Tommy Smith, former Major League Baseball player
 * June Tyson, musician-singer and first female member of Sun Ra and his Arkestra
 * Rhett Lowder, professional baseball player in the Cincinnati Reds organization, 7th overall pick in the 2023 MLB Draft

title: Albemarle, North Carolina


text:
Malung-Sälen Municipality

Malung-Sälen Municipality (Malung-Sälens kommun) is a municipality in Dalarna County in central Sweden. Its seat is located in the town of Malung.

Malung Municipality was created in 1971 by the amalgamation of "old" Malung with the adjacent entities Lima and Transtrand. In 2007 the Government of Sweden decided to approve the present name, which took effect on January 1, 2008. The reason for the double name, the only of its kind in Sweden, is to promote the skiing resort area Sälen in the northern part of the municipality.

Geography
The terrain in the area is largely submontane, with plenty of bog and forest. The Transtrandsfjällen in the north are the southernmost mountains in Sweden, marking the start of the Scandinavian mountain range. Rocks are mostly metamorphic and sedimentary, with occurrences of basalt. Most settlements are located in and around the valley of Västerdalälven river.

Localities
The municipal population was around 13,000 in the 1960s, but has decreased continually since then.

The villages in the municipality, with population figures from 2005, are:
 * Lima (418)
 * Limedsforsen (443)
 * Malung (seat) (5,146)
 * Malungsfors (559)
 * Sälen (508) - Is a nationally renowned skiing resort.
 * Transtrand (373)
 * Yttermalung (216)
 * Öje (202) (population figure from 2000)

Demographics
This is a demographic table based on Malung-Sälen Municipality's electoral districts in the 2022 Swedish general election sourced from SVT's election platform, in turn taken from SCB official statistics.

In total there were 10,210 inhabitants, with 7,983 Swedish citizens of voting age. 37.6 % voted for the left coalition and 60.7 % for the right coalition. Indicators are in percentage points except population totals and income.

Education
Malung has a folk high school, specialised in folk music and folk dance. One notable former music student is Emma Härdelin.

title: Malung-Sälen Municipality


text:
Mora Municipality, Sweden

Mora Municipality (Mora kommun) is a municipality in Dalarna County in central Sweden. Its seat is located in the town of Mora.

The present municipality was created in 1971, when four older municipal entities were amalgamated.

Localities

 * Bergkarlås
 * Bonäs
 * Färnäs
 * Gesunda
 * Gopshus
 * Mora (seat)
 * Nusnäs
 * Selja
 * Sollerön
 * Vattnäs
 * Venjan
 * Vinäs
 * Våmhus
 * Östnor
 * Öna

Demographics
This is a demographic table based on Mora Municipality's electoral districts in the 2022 Swedish general election sourced from SVT's election platform, in turn taken from SCB official statistics.

In total there were 16,295 Swedish citizens of voting age resident in the municipality. 44.3 % voted for the left coalition and 54.3 % for the right coalition. Indicators are in percentage points except population totals and income.

title: Mora Municipality, Sweden


text:
Badin, North Carolina

Badin is a town located in Stanly County, North Carolina, United States. At the 2010 census, the town had a total population of 1,974.

History
The Badin Historic District, Doerschuk Site, Hardaway Site, Narrows Dam and Power Plant Complex, and West Badin Historic District are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
Badin is located on the south end of Badin Lake which is a reservoir formed by damming the Yadkin River. North Carolina Highway 740 passes through the town. Albemarle is four miles to the southwest and New London is six miles to the northwest.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.6 sqmi, all land.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 2,024 people, 506 households, and 331 families residing in the town.

2000 census
At the census of 2000, there were 1,154 people, 494 households, and 328 families residing in the town. The population density was 719.2 PD/sqmi. There were 586 housing units at an average density of 365.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 63.26% White, 35.62% African American, 0.00% Native American, 0.00% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.17% from other races, and 0.95% from two or more races. 0.61% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 494 households, out of which 33.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.0% were married couples living together, 14.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.6% were non-families. 31.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.91.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.3% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 22.3% from 45 to 64, and 18.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 83.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 78.1 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $27,031, and the median income for a family was $32,692. Males had a median income of $27,396 versus $21,417 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,320. 12.2% of the population and 9.4% of families were below the poverty line. 10.7% of those under the age of 18 and 17.1% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.

Economy
Badin's major employer was ALCOA, which operated a large facility in Badin until 2010. ALCOA laid off most of the workers when it shut down the factory in 2007. Alcoa Power Generating continues to generate electricity using four area dams and is working to find new uses for the plant site.

Notable people

 * Star Jones, a former co-host of The View, a talk show on the American Broadcasting Company television network. She is also a former lawyer and prosecutor.
 * Lou Donaldson, world-famous jazz musician and alto saxophonist.

title: Badin, North Carolina


text:
Orsa Municipality

Orsa Municipality (Orsa kommun) is a municipality in Dalarna County in central Sweden. Its seat is located in the town of Orsa.

Orsa is one of a few municipalities in Sweden which has not been amalgamated, but retains its area from the time it was instituted as a municipal entity in 1863.

Geography
The town of Orsa is located on the north-eastern shore of the 53 km2 large Lake Orsa (Orsasjön). Through a southern water passage it is connected with one of Sweden's largest lakes: Siljan.

By the shores of Orsasjön the Orsa Camping was inaugurated in 1932. With a kilometer long sandy beach, it has received several awards for its quality and beauty, and is by some referred to as the Dalarna Riviera.

Nature sights include the Grönklitt mountain, that previously housed a notable bear park and skiing hill. The bear park was an enclosed area where not only bears but also wolves, lynx, siberian tigers and wolverines reside, and was the biggest bear park in northern Europe.

Localities

 * Orsa (seat)
 * Skattungbyn

Demographics
This is a demographic table based on Orsa Municipality's electoral districts in the 2022 Swedish general election sourced from SVT's election platform, in turn taken from SCB official statistics.

In total there were 5,489 Swedish citizens of voting age resident in the municipality. 42.3 % voted for the left coalition and 55.7 % for the right coalition. Indicators are in percentage points except population totals and income.

Notable natives

 * Gustaf de Laval, 19th century inventor
 * Orsa Spelmän, musicians/fiddlers
 * Gunnar Myrdal, economist, politician, and Nobel laureate
 * Kalle Moraeus, musician, TV personality
 * Melker Jernberg, Melker Jernberg became president of Volvo Construction Equipment and member of the Volvo Group executive board on January 1, 2018

title: Orsa Municipality


text:
New London, North Carolina

New London is a town in Stanly County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 600 at the 2010 census, and was estimated to be 724 as of 2019. The town lies between Albemarle and Richfield along U.S. 52 in the southern Piedmont region of the state, approximately 45 mi east-northeast of Charlotte. It was the site of a gold mine, which was active during periods of the mid-1800s and early 1900s.

History
New London was founded as the unincorporated settlement of Bilesville, north of Albemarle, circa 1830, and named after Thomas "Uncle Tommy" Biles, a local landowner and farmer. At the time, the land was part of Montgomery County until Stanly County was formed in 1841. Near the area where the first Carolina Gold Rush took place, gold was found near Bilesville and the first mine was opened in 1859, though it closed during the Civil War. When the New London & States Company purchased the mine to reopen it in the early 1870s, and at the suggestion of company executive W. A. Judd, the settlement voted to rename itself after the company. The settlement became officially incorporated as a town on March 25, 1891. The main gold mine, known as the Parker Mine (after the farmer on whose land it was discovered) ceased operation in 1894, though several other local industries continued to provide employment for the town, including a cordage mill, a lumber mill, a brick mill, and a livery stable. In 1923, less than three years after the adoption of the Nineteenth Amendment granting women the right to vote, the town elected Mrs. T. V. Staton as their mayor, becoming the first female mayor, as well as the first female to serve in municipal government in the state. The mine was reopened for a time starting in 1934, and throughout the 1920s and 1930s, modern amenities such as telephone service, electrical service, paved roads, and a state highway were built in town. Town sewer and water service was completed in 2002.

Government
As of January 2021, The Town Board of New London consists of:

 * Tate Daniels, Mayor
 * Bill Peak, Mayor Pro-Tem
 * Christy Starnes, Commissioner
 * Dan Phillips, Commissioner
 * Johnny Chestnut, Commissioner
 * Marcus Mullis, Commissioner
 * Virginia Thompson, Deputy Clerk
 * Susan Almond, Town Administrator

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.6 sqmi, all land.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 607 people, 245 households, and 189 families residing in the town.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 326 people, 131 households, and 94 families residing in the town. The population density was 530.7 PD/sqmi. There were 144 housing units at an average density of 234.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 90.80% White, 5.83% African American, 0.61% Native American, 0.92% Asian, 0.61% from other races, and 1.23% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.61% of the population.

There were 131 households, out of which 34.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.4% were married couples living together, 12.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.2% were non-families. 25.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 2.90.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.7% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 29.4% from 25 to 44, 24.2% from 45 to 64, and 11.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.4 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $42,188, and the median income for a family was $51,429. Males had a median income of $31,806 versus $25,000 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,520. About 5.2% of families and 6.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.1% of those under age 18 and 29.4% of those age 65 or over.

Transportation
One US highway and two North Carolina State Highways cross New London:
 * US 52 crosses from the northwest corner to the southern border of town, connecting to Richfield in the north and Albemarle in the south.
 * NC 8 has its southern terminus at US 52 near the southern border of New London, following Main Street north out of town through an unincorporated portion of Stanly County.
 * NC 740 has its northern terminus at US 52 near the western border New London, following Gold Street east out of town and connecting to the town of Badin.

Notable people

 * Donald Byrd (born 1949), modern dance choreographer
 * Rhett Lowder (born 2002), Wake Forest University pitcher
 * Antonio Williams (born 1997), Buffalo Bills running back

title: New London, North Carolina


text:
Rättvik Municipality

Rättvik Municipality (Rättviks kommun) is a municipality in Dalarna County in central Sweden. Its seat is located in the town of Rättvik.

In 1963 the municipality was reunited with Boda, which had been detached from it in 1875, and in 1974 Ore was added, thus forming the present municipality.

Geography
Rättvik municipality is situated in the middle of Sweden in the province of Dalarna, in between the three Swedish cities Borlänge, Falun and Mora.

It is located in a traditional forest and agriculture environment, which is how most of Sweden looked in the 19th century and earlier. Nowadays, its culture also attracts a significant number of tourists.

The area near Rättvik municipality has the highest population of brown bears in Sweden.

Town
The contiguous urban area, or locality of Rättvik lies on Lake Siljan, and had 4,588 inhabitants in 2005; it is widely known for  its old tradition of folkmusic and the beauty of the surroundings close to  Lake Siljan; it is included on many tours of Sweden as an example of a traditional Swedish and Scandinavian way of living.

Its culture and landscape are by some regarded as being genuinely Swedish as it gets. For instance, Rättvik still has its picturesque old church located by the water, where it is surrounded by old "church stables" where the church visitors used to leave their horses.

Every year the folk music festival "Music at Siljan" is held in Rättvik, by the shores of Siljan.

The annual summer opera festival, the Dalhalla Opera, takes place 7 km north of the town in an open-air theatre located in a former limestone quarry.

The bandy club IFK Rättvik has an indoor arena.

Demographics
This is a demographic table based on Rättvik Municipality's electoral districts in the 2022 Swedish general election sourced from SVT's election platform, in turn taken from SCB official statistics.

Residents include everyone registered as living in the district, regardless of age or citizenship status. Valid voters indicate Swedish citizens above the age of 18 who therefore can vote in general elections. Left vote and right vote indicate the result between the two major blocs in said district in the 2022 general election. Employment indicates the share of people between the ages of 20 and 64 who are working taxpayers. Foreign background is defined as residents either born abroad or with two parents born outside of Sweden. Median income is the received monthly income through either employment, capital gains or social grants for the median adult above 20, also including pensioners in Swedish kronor. The section about college graduates indicates any degree accumulated after high school.

In total there were 9,064 Swedish citizens of voting age resident in the municipality. 42.8 % voted for the left coalition and 55.8 % for the right coalition. Indicators are in percentage points except population totals and income.

Resources

 * Nationalencyklopedin

title: Rättvik Municipality


text:
Smedjebacken Municipality

Smedjebacken Municipality (Smedjebackens kommun) is a municipality in Dalarna County in central Sweden. Its seat is located in the town of Smedjebacken.

The present municipality was formed in two steps during the last nationwide local government reform in Sweden. In 1967 the market town (köping) Smedjebacken was reunited with Norrbärke from which it had been detached in 1918. In 1974 Söderbärke was added.

The municipality borders to eight other municipalities.

The coat of arms depicts a sailing ship and cogwheels. These are intended to show the old and new industry sectors of the municipality. It was first granted 1947, but has undergone a few redesigns since. In Smedjebacken there is a skiingclub NSKalpin.com which has a live webcamera from the slope. Also close by is Lernbo where the biggest sportsfishing retailer in Europe has its headquarters.

Localities

 * Gubbo
 * Hagge
 * Ludvika (minor part)
 * Smedjebacken (seat)
 * Söderbärke
 * Vad

Demographics
This is a demographic table based on Smedjebacken Municipality's electoral districts in the 2022 Swedish general election sourced from SVT's election platform, in turn taken from SCB official statistics.

In total there were 10,924 residents, including 8,649 Swedish citizens of voting age. 48.2 % voted for the left coalition and 50.6 % for the right coalition. Indicators are in percentage points except population totals and income.

Notable natives

 * Jussi Björling, tenor
 * Lars Frölander, swimmer
 * Mando Diao, rock band
 * Sugarplum Fairy, pop band
 * Per Fosshaug, bandy player
 * Dozer, stoner rock band
 * Erik Eriksson, Centre Party's first chairman
 * Lars Jonsson, ice hockey player
 * Sator, rock band
 * Nadja Brandt, writer and also appeared as an extra in Twilight
 * Linda Carlsson, musician (also known as Miss Li)
 * Tove Alexandersson, orienteering, ski-orienteering and skyrunning world champion
 * Per Johansson, swimmer

title: Smedjebacken Municipality