text:
Jeromesville, Ohio

Jeromesville is a village in Ashland County, Ohio, United States. The population was 531 at the 2020 census.

History
Jeromesville was platted in 1815 ( near the site of a former and abandoned Native-American village named "Jerometown"). It is named for Jean/John Baptiste Jerome, (a French-Canadian fur trader and pioneer settler), from whom, Christian Deardorf and William Vaughn purchased land and 'founded' a new pioneer village, (which was originally spelled "Jeromeville"). A post office has been in operation at Jeromesville since 1816. [Note: the Native-American village of Jerometown is often attributed to be the same as "Mohican Johnstown"; however, the mid-1700s village named "Mohican Johnstown" was not at this same location.(see Lenape settlements)]

In 2018, Mayor Randy Spade founded the Jeromesville Junior Council, an advisory group consisting of 5th through 8th graders attending Hillsdale Local School District.

This is the first Junior Village Council codified into law in the State of Ohio.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.36 sqmi, all land.

2020 census
ACS 1-year estimates are not available for 2020. ACS Experimental Data for 2020 will be available by November 30, 2021. As of the census of 2020, there were 531 people living in the village. There were 232 housing units.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 562 people, 208 households, and 154 families living in the village. The population density was 1561.1 PD/sqmi. There were 234 housing units at an average density of 650.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 99.1% White and 0.9% Native American. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.1% of the population.

There were 208 households, of which 41.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.9% were married couples living together, 17.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 26.0% were non-families. 21.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.14.

The median age in the village was 33.3 years. 32.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.7% were from 25 to 44; 24.3% were from 45 to 64; and 10.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 49.6% male and 50.4% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 478 people, 202 households, and 128 families living in the village. The population density was 1,309.6 PD/sqmi. There were 210 housing units at an average density of 575.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 96.86% White, 0.42% African American, 1.26% Native American, and 1.46% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.30% of the population.

There were 202 households, out of which 30.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.0% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.6% were non-families. 30.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.96.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 26.4% under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 31.8% from 25 to 44, 22.4% from 45 to 64, and 13.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 92.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $41,000, and the median income for a family was $46,250. Males had a median income of $31,576 versus $21,667 for females. The per capita income for the village was $16,864. About 2.3% of families and 6.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.4% of those under age 18 and 3.8% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Jeromesville Public Schools belong to the Hillsdale Local School District. The district has one elementary school, one middle school, and one high school. Students attend Hillsdale High School.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Jeromesville, Ohio


text:
Mifflin, Ohio

Mifflin is a village in Mifflin Township, Ashland County, Ohio, United States. The population was 158 at the 2020 census.

History
Mifflin was originally called Petersburg, and under the latter name was laid out in 1816. A post office called Mifflin was established in 1841, and remained in operation until 1907.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.18 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 137 people, 57 households, and 39 families living in the village. The population density was 761.1 PD/sqmi. There were 61 housing units at an average density of 338.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 99.3% White and 0.7% from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.7% of the population.

There were 57 households, of which 35.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.9% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 12.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 31.6% were non-families. 28.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.82.

The median age in the village was 39.3 years. 25.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.8% were from 25 to 44; 24.8% were from 45 to 64; and 15.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 48.2% male and 51.8% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 144 people, 64 households, and 36 families living in the village. The population density was 553.3 PD/sqmi. There were 69 housing units at an average density of 265.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 99.31% White, and 0.69% Asian.

There were 64 households, out of which 32.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.5% were married couples living together, 14.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.2% were non-families. 34.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 20.8% under the age of 18, 12.5% from 18 to 24, 31.9% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 13.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 97.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.6 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $33,250, and the median income for a family was $38,750. Males had a median income of $33,281 versus $21,250 for females. The per capita income for the village was $13,387. There were 8.6% of families and 12.9% of the population living below the poverty line, including 8.7% of under eighteens and 20.0% of those over 64.

Notable people

 * Harry B. Hershey, Illinois Supreme Court justice
 * Charles Paxton Zaner, calligrapher, died in a car crash here in 1918

title: Mifflin, Ohio


text:
Perrysville, Ohio

Perrysville is a village in Ashland County, Ohio, United States. The population was 729 at the 2020 census.

History
The area was first permanently settled in 1810, but the village was not laid out until 1812. One of the settlers, Judge Coulter, picked the most beautiful spot for a village with the intentions of laying out a village, and although he had no name planned his neighbors jokingly called it "Coulterville." Perrysville was originally called Freeport, and under the latter name was laid out in 1815. The present name honors Oliver Hazard Perry, remembered for leading American forces in a decisive naval victory at the Battle of Lake Erie. A post office called Perryville was established in 1820, and the name was changed to Perrysville in 1883.

Geography
Perrysville is located along the Black Fork of the Mohican River.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.79 sqmi, all land. The village is the third largest municipality in the county after Ashland and Loudonville.

The Black Fork of the Mohican River passes the southwestern edge of the village.

Perrysville is roughly 30 miles from the cities of Mansfield, Ashland, Wooster, and Mt. Vernon. Nearby attractions include Mohican Forest, Pleasant Hill Lake, Malabar Farm, and St. Gregory Palamas Monastery.

The geography of the area, especially the multiple branches forming the Mohican River, make Perrysville and neighboring Loudonville premier locations for camping, canoeing, and eco-tourism.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 735 people, 326 households, and 186 families residing in the village. The population density was 930.4 PD/sqmi. There were 372 housing units at an average density of 470.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.3% White, 0.3% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.7% from other races, and 1.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.5% of the population.

There were 326 households, of which 28.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.8% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 42.9% were non-families. 36.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.98.

The median age in the village was 37.8 years. 24.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.7% were from 25 to 44; 27.1% were from 45 to 64; and 14.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 48.8% male and 51.2% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 816 people, 329 households, and 231 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,052.1 PD/sqmi. There were 356 housing units at an average density of 459.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.53% White, 0.49% African American, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 0.25% from other races, and 0.61% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.37% of the population.

There were 329 households, out of which 37.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.2% were married couples living together, 11.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.5% were non-families. 26.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.97.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 29.4% under the age of 18, 9.8% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 19.7% from 45 to 64, and 13.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 91.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.4 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $29,408, and the median income for a family was $35,781. Males had a median income of $27,031 versus $20,208 for females. The per capita income for the village was $12,603. About 14.9% of families and 18.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.4% of those under age 18 and 8.1% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Perrysville is part of the Loudonville-Perrysville Exempted Village School District and was home to Perrysville Junior High until 2012, when the school was closed and the school merged with Loudonville High School.

Public schooling in Perrysville began in 1816 with the construction of the first schoolhouse, taught by Asa Brown on what was then a farm. For the previous two years, education had been offered in private homes by Betsy Rice Coulter and then by William Maxwell Adolphus Johnson. During this time, school was taught only during the summer because of transportation limitations.

On November 14, 1865, an academy opened in Perrysville. At the time, academies served as a popular source of higher learning that was a step above traditional public schooling but a step below formal colleges. This school, located in what is now a Presbyterian church, taught a class of 45 enrolled students, although only 11 attended. In 1869 a separate building was built for the academy, and it operated there for twenty-six years. In 1895, the building burned down, and Greentown Academy never re-opened.

The second Perrysville schoolhouse was built in 1871 on West Third Street. The building later housed Jones Piano and a cigar factory. Eleven years later, in 1882, the third schoolhouse was built down the street from the second one.

Built in 1924, the fourth and last schoolhouse stood for many years. When it was built, students from schools all over Green Township left those schools to attend Perrysville High School. The building was remodeled in 1955. The school colors were red and white and the mascot was an Admiral in honor of the town's namesake, Oliver Hazard Perry. The school was successful in athletics, with seven notable teams between 1926 and 1952 - one women's basketball team, four men's basketball teams, a men's baseball team, and a men's football team.

The town continued to operate independent schools for 145 years until it merged with the Loudonville, Ohio school district in 1961. In 1961, the last class graduated from Perrysville High School. At this time, the Loudonville and Perrysville schools merged into the Loudonville-Perrysville Exempted Village School District in order to prevent the schools from closing down permanently. In 1988, what had been Perrysville High School became Perrysville Junior High. The current Perrysville Junior High School served as the home of grades K-12. Perrysville School District competed in a variety of varsity sports, including football, with the mascot of "The Admirals", an homage to the town's namesake Commodore Perry.

Notable People

 * Rosella Rice, author, poet and lecturer
 * Jedediah Smith, explorer

title: Perrysville, Ohio


text:
Polk, Ohio

Polk is a village in Ashland County, Ohio, United States. The population was 310 at the 2020 census.

History
Polk was laid out in 1849. A post office called Polk has been in operation since 1846.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.03 sqmi, of which 1.01 sqmi is land and 0.02 sqmi is water.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 336 people, 129 households, and 87 families living in the village. The population density was 332.7 PD/sqmi. There were 136 housing units at an average density of 134.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.0% White, 0.3% African American, 0.9% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.4% of the population.

There were 129 households, of which 34.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.7% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 32.6% were non-families. 27.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.10.

The median age in the village was 39.3 years. 27.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 3.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 30.1% were from 25 to 44; 27.6% were from 45 to 64; and 11.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 47.6% male and 52.4% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 357 people, 124 households, and 103 families living in the village. The population density was 354.1 PD/sqmi. There were 127 housing units at an average density of 126.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.60% White, 0.56% Native American, and 0.84% from two or more races.

There were 124 households, out of which 37.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.5% were married couples living together, 8.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 16.9% were non-families. 13.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.88 and the average family size was 3.12.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 26.6% under the age of 18, 10.4% from 18 to 24, 30.3% from 25 to 44, 21.6% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 87.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $41,875, and the median income for a family was $43,750. Males had a median income of $30,583 versus $21,250 for females. The per capita income for the village was $16,159. About 4.0% of families and 5.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.5% of those under age 18 and 10.9% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Tully "Topsy" Hartsel, Major League Baseball outfielder and World War II major general
 * Stanley Eric Reinhart, World War II commander

title: Polk, Ohio


text:
Savannah, Ohio

Savannah is a village in Ashland County, Ohio, United States. The population was 329 at the 2020 census.

History

Savannah was laid out in 1818. A post office called Savannah has been in operation since 1839.

Geography
Savannah is located along the Vermilion River.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.58 sqmi, of which 0.57 sqmi is land and 0.01 sqmi is water.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 413 people, 139 households, and 108 families living in the village. The population density was 724.6 PD/sqmi. There were 152 housing units at an average density of 266.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.3% White, 1.2% African American, 1.0% Native American, and 0.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 1.7% of the population.

There were 139 households, of which 41.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.4% were married couples living together, 14.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 22.3% were non-families. 20.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.97 and the average family size was 3.39.

The median age in the village was 33.3 years. 29.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.8% were from 25 to 44; 25.4% were from 45 to 64; and 9.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 49.4% male and 50.6% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 372 people, 134 households, and 103 families living in the village. The population density was 839.1 PD/sqmi. There were 147 housing units at an average density of 331.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 99.46% White, 0.27% African American and 0.27% Native American.

There were 134 households, out of which 38.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.7% were married couples living together, 6.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.1% were non-families. 18.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.78 and the average family size was 3.20.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 30.1% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 33.1% from 25 to 44, 18.0% from 45 to 64, and 9.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 101.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.6 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $35,469, and the median income for a family was $38,182. Males had a median income of $33,333 versus $21,250 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,546. About 8.7% of families and 9.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.3% of those under age 18 and 14.7% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Sarah Hearst Black, social reformer
 * Eunice Lea Kettering, composer

title: Savannah, Ohio


text:
Andover, Ohio

Andover is a village located in the south-east of Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States. The population was 972 at the time of the 2020 census.

History
David Lindsey, writing in 1955, observes that "New England Yankees, moving into Ohio's Western Reserve in 1798, brought with them the name Andover from a township in Tolland County, Connecticut, birthplace of many of the migrants. General Henry Champion, second largest shareholder in the Connecticut Land Company, first acquired Andover Township in the drawing for lands held at Hartford in 1798."

A post office named Sharon was established in 1815, and changed to Andover in 1826.

Andover was incorporated in 1883.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.37 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,145 people, 411 households, and 264 families living in the village. The population density was 835.8 PD/sqmi. There were 469 housing units at an average density of 342.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 95.5% White, 2.8% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.1% Asian, and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.7% of the population.

There were 411 households, of which 31.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.0% were married couples living together, 13.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 35.8% were non-families. 30.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.04.

The median age in the village was 44.2 years. 22.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.8% were from 25 to 44; 27.7% were from 45 to 64; and 21.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 45.4% male and 54.6% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,269 people, 427 households, and 271 families living in the village. The population density was 929.2 PD/sqmi. There were 463 housing units at an average density of 339.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 95.82% White, 3.07% African American, 0.32% from other races, and 0.79% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.18% of the population. 23.6% were of American, 14.9% German, 13.8% Irish, 9.4% English and 7.0% Italian ancestry according to Census 2000.

There were 427 households, out of which 34.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.1% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.3% were non-families. 33.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 21.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.27.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 25.0% under the age of 18, 5.6% from 18 to 24, 25.2% from 25 to 44, 22.5% from 45 to 64, and 21.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 88.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.0 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $31,250, and the median income for a family was $45,526. Males had a median income of $31,845 versus $22,679 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,702. About 8.2% of families and 10.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.3% of those under age 18 and 20.7% of those age 65 or over.

Parks and recreation
Pymatuning Lake and Pymatuning State Park are located east of Andover.

John R. Overly Recreation Park in Andover features a playground, hiking/biking paths, picnic area, pavilion, ball field and volleyball court.

Education
The Pymatuning Valley School District operates elementary and high schools in Andover. In 2006, the district completed major renovations as the high school, middle school, and elementary school are now all located on the same campus just west of town.

Infrastructure

 * Greenville Hospital medical care facility
 * Ambulance and fire service: Andover Volunteer Fire Department, Community Care Ambulance Network

Notable people

 * Maxwell Anderson - playwright, author, poet, journalist, and lyricist
 * Celestia Rice Colby (1827–1900) - author, feminist
 * Ellen Maria Colfax - wife of U.S. Vice President Schuyler Colfax
 * Clarence Darrow - lawyer; established his first legal office in town in the early-1880s

title: Andover, Ohio


text:
Ashtabula, Ohio

Ashtabula is the most populous city in Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States. It lies at the mouth of the Ashtabula River, on Lake Erie, 53 mi northeast of Cleveland. At the 2020 census, the city had 17,975 people. Like many other cities in the Rust Belt, it has lost population because of a decline in industrial jobs since the 1960s. It is part of the Cleveland metropolitan area.

The name Ashtabula is derived from ashtepihəle, which means "always enough fish to be shared around" in the Lenape language. In the middle of the 19th century, the city was an important destination on the Underground Railroad as refugee slaves took ships across Lake Erie to Canada. In the late 19th century, the city became a major coal port on Lake Erie. Coal and iron were shipped here, the latter from the Mesabi Range in Minnesota. The city attracted immigrants from Finland, Sweden, and Italy in the industrial period. Ashtabula hosts an annual Blessing of the Fleet Celebration, usually in late May or early June. As part of the celebration, a religious procession and prayer service is held at Ashtabula Harbor. The city was the site of the FinnFestUSA in 2007, a celebration of Finnish Americans.

History
This area had long been inhabited by indigenous peoples. After the American Revolutionary War, the United States mounted the Northwest Indian War to push Native American peoples out of what it then called the Northwest - the area of the Midwest south of the Great Lakes and west of the Appalachian Mountains. The success of this military effort resulted in more European Americans entering Ohio and nearby territories.

The site of Ashtabula was settled by such European Americans beginning in 1803. The city was incorporated in 1891. Located directly on Lake Erie and developed as a port for trade, the city contained several stops on the Underground Railroad. This informal, secret system was the means by which anti-slavery supporters helped escaped African-American slaves reach freedom in Canada in the years before the American Civil War. While Ohio was a free state, many refugee slaves still felt at risk of slavecatchers here, particularly after the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 was passed. It required enforcement and cooperation by residents of free states to return escaped slaves and was biased toward slavecatchers, requiring little documentation of their claims. Among the Underground Railroad sites in Ashtabula is Hubbard House, one of the handful of former surviving termination points. Refugee slaves stayed in a basement of the house adjacent to the lake and then left on the next safe boat to Canada, gaining their freedom once they arrived in Ontario.

The city's harbor has been important as a large ore and coal port since the end of the 19th century, and integral to the steel manufacturing that was developed around the Great Lakes. Lake steamers and barges, built at shipyards along the Great Lakes and setting new records for size and tonnage, delivered cargoes of iron ore from the Mesabi Range in Minnesota. This continues as a coal port; a long coal ramp is visible in the harbor. Ore shipments are unloaded from 'lakers' (Great Lakes freighters) and shipped to surviving steel mills in Pennsylvania. Industrial jobs have declined since the late 20th century with much steel manufacturing moved offshore.

An electric street railroad was built by Captain John N. Stuart in 1883. However, in July 1890, the city council dispossessed him of the street railroad and associated franchises via a disputable court decision. Shortly after, 600-700 men started to tear up and remove the tracks under the cover of darkness.

Many European immigrants, particularly from Finland, Sweden, and Italy, were attracted to the industrial jobs in Ashtabula in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, as they could learn and accomplish tasks without having a great command of English. Ethnic rivalries among these groups were once a major influence on politics and daily life in Ashtabula.

In 1915, Ashtabula became the first city in the United States to adopt a form of voting called proportional representation. This was an addition to the council-manager charter, originally passed in 1914, and served as a model for the National Municipal League. Twenty-four more cities would go on to use this single-transferable-vote (STV) system, with five in total in Ohio. Ethnic rivalries were one reason for the city's switch, as STV enabled minorities to win political office. Another factor was disunity in the incumbent Republican Party. Voters repealed the system in 1929, using it for the last time in 1931. Despite two failed repeal campaigns in 1920 and 1926, political bosses and parties that lost power under STV eventually restored plurality voting, otherwise known as 'winner take all.'

A substantial percentage of the current residents are descended from those early 20th-century immigrants. The population in the City of Ashtabula grew steadily until 1970 but has declined in recent years due to industrial restructuring and loss of jobs. Since the late 20th century, the city has become a destination for Hispanic or Latino immigrants, who by the 2010 census made up 9.3% of the population. (See 'Demographics' section below.)

Tragedies
Construction of railroads connected Ashtabula to a national network that contributed to its success as a port. On December 29, 1876, one of the nation's most notorious rail accidents occurred, known as the Ashtabula River railroad disaster, Ashtabula Horror, or Ashtabula bridge disaster. As Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway Train No. 5, The Pacific Express, crossed the Ashtabula River bridge, the Howe truss structure collapsed, dropping the second locomotive and 11 passenger cars into the frozen creek 150 ft below. A fire was started by the car stoves, and of the 159 people on board, 92 were killed and 64 were injured.

A rail ferry, also named Ashtabula, used to run from Ashtabula to Port Burwell, Ontario. The ferry was launched in 1906 and operated successfully for many decades. It collided with the steamer SS Ben Morell in September 1959, causing the ferry to sink.

On August 10, 1958, a natural gas leak was ignited by electrical equipment or lighting in Andover, Ohio a neighboring town. The resulting explosion destroyed a restaurant and five other buildings. 21 people were killed, and 15 injured.

Geography
According to the 2010 census, the city has a total area of 7.91 sqmi, of which 7.74 sqmi (or 97.85%) is land and 0.17 sqmi (or 2.15%) is water.

Ashtabula is bordered by Lake Erie to the north and has a prominent harbor where the Ashtabula River flows into the lake. The Ashtabula Harbor was a primary coal harbor and still serves to ship. It has two public beaches: Walnut Beach, near the harbor, and Lake Shore Park, originally a Public Works Administration project during the Great Depression, on the opposite side of the harbor.

Part of the city lies in Ashtabula Township, and part lies in Saybrook Township.

The Ashtabula area receives a considerable amount of snow throughout the winter, with the average snowfall being 68 in. Much of the snow comes from lake-effect snow bands from the Great Lakes.

2010 census
At the 2010 census there were 19,124 people in 7,746 households, including 4,724 families, in the city. The population density was 2470.8 PD/sqmi. There were 9,087 housing units at an average density of 1174.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 82.0% White, 8.9% African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 3.3% from other races, and 5.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.3%.

Of the 7,746 households, 33.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.2% were married couples living together, 19.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 39.0% were non-families. 32.9% of households were one person, and 13.3% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.03.

The median age was 37 years. 26.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.9% were from 25 to 44; 25.8% were from 45 to 64; and 14.7% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.6% male and 52.4% female.

2000 census
At the 2000 census, there were 20,962 people in 8,435 households, including 5,423 families, in the city. The population density was 2,775.9 PD/sqmi. There were 9,151 housing units at an average density of 1,211.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 84.69% White, 9.79% African American, 0.29% Native American, 0.40% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 2.51% from other races, and 2.26% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 5.32% of the population. 16.5% identified as of Italian ancestry, 14.6% as German, 9.2% as American, 8.1% as Irish, and 8.1% as English, according to Census 2000. 93.1% spoke English and 5.4% Spanish as their first language.

Of the 8,435 households, 32.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.9% were married couples living together, 17.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.7% were non-families. 30.6% of households were one person, and 13.3% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the city the population was spread out, with 27.6% under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 20.5% from 45 to 64, and 15.0% 65 or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.3 males.

The median household income was $27,354 and the median family income was $33,454. Males had a median income of $28,436 versus $22,490 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,034. About 17.8% of families and 21.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 31.2% of those under age 18 and 13.6% of those age 65 or over.

Port
In the 20th century Ashtabula developed rapidly as a major shipping and commercial center because of its access to Lake Erie and nearly 30 mi of shoreline.

During the 1950s, the area experienced growth with an expanding chemical industry and increasing harbor activity, making Ashtabula one of the most important port cities of the Great Lakes. Other historical industries in the area included a Rockwell International plant on Route 20 on the western side of Ashtabula, which manufactured brakes for the Space Shuttle program, and the extrusion of depleted and enriched uranium at the Reactive Metals Extrusion plant on East 21st Street.

Due to such industrial uses, however, there was extensive environmental contamination. The Ashtabula River and harbor were designated as a significant Superfund site by the Environmental Protection Agency in the late 20th century. A multi-year process of environmental cleanup of toxic wastes and soils was needed; cleanup concluded with river dredging in 2012–2014.

Ashtabula Harbor hosts an annual 'Blessing of the Fleet' community festival. This Blessing of the Fleet began as a practice of priests for Catholic Portuguese and Irish fishermen and tugmen who had settled in Ashtabula. During the 1930s, the Blessing was a small, almost private affair in early April conducted by a few tugmen, their parish priest, and an acolyte, according to their traditions. It took place annually when the Great Lakes were free enough of ice to be open for regular traffic. By 1950, this event was held as a public ceremony under the auspices of Mother of Sorrows parish. In 1974, the Blessing of the Fleet became a community affair, with all of Ashtabula's religious and harbor community participating.

The United States Coast Guard Station and the Ashtabula Maritime & Surface Transportation Museum, located in the old lighthouse keepers home, help to preserve Ashtabula's maritime heritage.

Norfolk Southern used the port for one its coal piers. The coal pier became idled in 2016 due to declining demand for coal.

Education
The Ashtabula Area School District serves Ashtabula (its high school is Lakeside High School). Kent State University at Ashtabula is located in the city, providing a local campus of this institution. As for private schools, Ashtabula or Saybrook is home to Saint John School, a K–12 school under the Diocese of Youngstown which has incorporated Ashtabula's previous parish schools and independent Catholic high school as one institution.

Ashtabula has two public libraries: the Harbor Topky Memorial Library, and a branch of the Ashtabula County District Library.

Medical care
Ashtabula County Medical Center (ACMC) is a multi-specialty hospital located in Ashtabula County, Ohio. ACMC serves the people of the county and the surrounding areas in northeastern Ohio. it is an affiliate of the Cleveland Clinic system.

The hospital operates the county's only behavioral medicine unit, and a sleep disorders lab, as well as many specialized services. The attached "Ashtabula Clinic" provides outpatient care in the specialties of pediatrics, internal medicine, family medicine, pulmonary, neurology, psychiatry, sleep disorders, cardiology, gastroenterology, ophthalmology, general surgery, orthopedics, urology, ENT, podiatry and oncology. ACMC operates satellite clinics in the county of Ashtabula. In December 2008, ACMC added the first Cardiac Catheterization Lab (commonly known as the Cath Lab) in Ashtabula County. ACMC provided OB/GYN care and maternity/birthing services in a newly renovated maternity unit, until the ACMC Board voted to discontinue deliveries in the maternity suite. The suite officially closed on August 1, 2020.

Notable people

 * Isaac Arthur, board of elections chairman and science communicator
 * Jarrod Bunch, National Football League player
 * Charles E. Burchfield, watercolor painter
 * Edwin Cowles, newspaperman
 * William R. Daley, former owner of MLB's Cleveland Indians
 * Charles DeBarber, a cyber intelligence analyst on CBS's Hunted (2017 TV series)
 * Danica Dillon, pornographic actress whose debut was in 2009.
 * Edward Mason Eggleston, painter and commercial illustrator
 * Wallace Wilson Graham. Wisconsin legislator and lawyer
 * Robert Lighthizer, 18th United States Trade Representative
 * Jesse Fuller McDonald, 16th Governor of Colorado
 * Urban Meyer, football coach at the University of Florida and Ohio State University
 * Danielle Nicolet, actress
 * Don Novello, actor and comedian
 * Maila Nurmi, Hollywood actress
 * Charles F. Osborn, Wisconsin politician, lawyer and jurist
 * Babe Parnell, National Football League player
 * Karl A. Peckol, lost in the sinking of the Edmund Fitzgerald
 * Paul M. Rippa, lost in the sinking of the Edmund Fitzgerald
 * Connie Schultz, Pulitzer Prize-winning author
 * Louis C. Shepard, Civil War Medal of Honor recipient
 * T-Bone Slim, author and activist
 * Freddie Smith, Daytime Emmy Award-winning actor
 * John Spano, former owner of the New York Islanders
 * Andrew Tombes, Hollywood actor
 * Decius Wade, prominent Montana lawyer
 * Mark Wagner, Major League Baseball player

In popular culture
During World War II, the United States Navy used the names of rivers with Indian origins for an entire class of fleet oilers, which are used to replenish vessels while underway at sea. USS Ashtabula (AO-51) was commissioned in 1943 and served until 1982. Ashtabula was awarded eight battle stars for World War II service, four battle stars for the Korean War, and eight battle stars for duty in the Vietnam War. Partially scrapped in 1995, Ashtabula was expended as a target in fleet exercises on October 15, 2000. She has been the only Navy vessel to bear the name Ashtabula.

The city is also referenced in Bob Dylan's 1975 album 'Blood On The Tracks' in the song, 'You're Gonna Make Me Lonesome When You Go'.

title: Ashtabula, Ohio


text:
Conneaut, Ohio

Conneaut is a city in Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States, along Lake Erie at the mouth of Conneaut Creek 66 mi northeast of Cleveland. The population was 12,318 at the 2020 census. Conneaut is located at the far northeastern corner of the state, within the Cleveland metropolitan area.

History
Conneaut is located on an old Native American trail, later used by early westbound pioneers. The word conneaut comes from the Seneca language, and has a disputed meaning. A Mississauga village was located at or near Conneaut, c. 1747.

In 1796, surveyors for the Connecticut Land Company built a log storehouse here, but the permanent settlement dates from 1798. In 1832 Conneaut was incorporated, and was described in 1833 as having a printing office, one meeting house, two taverns, and several stores and shops. It became a city in 1898. Conneaut was originally named New Salem, and the parts surrounding it were named "Lakeville" from 1944 to 1964, though these were eventually combined into what is now known as "Conneaut". People still refer to parts of Conneaut as Lakeville or Amboy.

On March 27, 1953, a three-train collision near Conneaut killed 21 people.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 26.43 sqmi, of which 26.36 sqmi is land and 0.07 sqmi is water. Conneaut is situated along Lake Erie at the mouth of Conneaut Creek.

Conneaut is located in the northeasternmost corner of Ohio, bordering the state of Pennsylvania to the east and has 27 sqmi within its corporate city limits, making it the 15th-largest city in Ohio by total land area.

Conneaut is a mixture of urban areas and rural farmland. The city has over seven miles (11 km) of shoreline along Lake Erie, with beaches, boating facilities and a healthy summer tourist trade.

Climate
According to the Köppen climate classification, Conneaut has a continental maritime climate (Cfb) with warm to hot summers and cool to mild winters moderated by Lake Erie. Conneaut experiences seasonal lag due to the proximity of Lake Erie.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 12,841 people, 4,740 households, and 3,034 families living in the city. The population density was 487.1 PD/sqmi. There were 5,702 housing units at an average density of 216.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 89.8% White, 7.5% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.4% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.8% of the population.

There were 4,740 households, of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.2% were married couples living together, 14.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.0% were non-families. 30.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.90.

The median age in the city was 39.6 years. 20.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 28.2% were from 25 to 44; 26.5% were from 45 to 64; and 15.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 54.4% male and 45.6% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 12,485 people, 5,038 households, and 3,410 families living in the city. The population density was 473.4 PD/sqmi. There were 5,710 housing units at an average density of 216.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.33% White, 1.12% African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.47% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.23% from other races, and 1.61% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.06% of the population. 19.7% were of German, 16.0% Italian, 13.7% English, 12.0% Irish, 6.2% American and 6.2% Finnish ancestry according to Census 2000. There were 5,038 households, out of which 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.3% were married couples living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.3% were non-families. 27.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.98.

In the city the population was spread out, with 25.2% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 22.4% from 45 to 64, and 17.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,717, and the median income for a family was $37,955. Males had a median income of $31,964 versus $21,198 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,703. About 10.7% of families and 13.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.3% of those under age 18 and 9.1% of those age 65 or over.

Economy
Major industries within the city include CSP of Ohio (formerly Venture Industries), General Aluminum (automotive parts), and CW Ohio (windows and pillars). The city's historic business district and its harbor business district are not as thriving as in the past. A few of the main businesses that anchor the downtown are Gerdes Pharmacy and Orlando Brothers grocery store. From 1944 until 2000, the Astatic Corporation was a major manufacturer of microphones. Astatic merged CAD (Conneaut Audio Devices) in 2000 which continues to produce microphones. Conneaut is also home to the Lake Erie Correctional Institution, which has a total staff of 295 employees as of February 2020. The port of Conneaut, Ohio is the loading point for train cars bearing iron ore for Pittsburgh area steel mills, including the Edgar Thomson Works.

Government
The city has been operated under a council-manager government since 1992.

Transportation
Transportation services Conneaut via Interstate 90, which bisects the city, along with an international shipping port and three railroads. U.S Route 20 also bisects Conneaut. Ohio State Route 7 has its northern terminus on Conneaut where it intersects with State Route 531.

Education
It is in the Conneaut Area City School District.

Notable people

 * Laura Boulton, eminent ethnologist, anthropologist and film-maker
 * Mary L. Doe, first president of Michigan State Equal Suffrage Association
 * Mildred Gillars, American radio personality (Axis Sally) during World War II
 * Osee M. Hall, U.S. House Representative from Minnesota
 * Joseph Russell Jones, appointed by Ulysses S. Grant as Minister Resident to Belgium
 * Larry Kelley, football player for Yale University
 * Jean Lovell, All-American Girls Professional Baseball League player
 * John P. McGoorty, Illinois judge and state representative
 * Mike Palagyi, MLB pitcher for Washington Senators
 * John R. Pillion, Republican member of U.S. House of Representatives from New York
 * George Morton Randall, United States Army general
 * Abigail Salisbury member Pennsylvania House of Representatives
 * Mason A. Thayer, Republican member of Wisconsin State Assembly
 * Doug Tompkins, co-founder of The North Face and Esprit

title: Conneaut, Ohio


text:
Edgewood, Ohio

Edgewood is a census-designated place (CDP) in Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States. The population was 4,185 at the 2020 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 17.7 km2, of which 0.02 km2, or 0.09%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,762 people, 2,048 households, and 1,357 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 705.7 PD/sqmi. There were 2,157 housing units at an average density of 319.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 96.77% White, 1.26% African American, 0.13% Native American, 0.71% Asian, 0.23% from other races, and 0.90% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 1.13% of the population. 21.6% were of German, 12.4% Italian, 10.8% English, 9.6% Irish, 7.6% American and 5.6% Finnish ancestry according to Census 2000.

There were 2,048 households, out of which 26.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.1% were married couples living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.7% were non-families. 29.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.82.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 21.5% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 25.9% from 45 to 64, and 17.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.6 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP is $40,170, and the median income for a family was $46,470. Males had a median income of $36,319 versus $21,985 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $19,415. About 3.1% of families and 6.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.5% of those under age 18 and 7.9% of those age 65 or over.

title: Edgewood, Ohio


text:
Geneva, Ohio

Geneva is a city in northwestern Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States. The population was 5,924 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Cleveland metropolitan area, 44 mi northeast of Cleveland. The area which would become Geneva was originally settled in 1805, and was incorporated as a city in 1958. It is named after Geneva, New York.

History
The area which would eventually be Geneva was first settled in 1805 by a handful of settlers from Charlotte, New York. In 1806, settlers from Harpersfield, New York arrived and established Harpersfield Township, which included the present-day townships of Geneva, Trumbull and Hartsgrove. However, in 1816, citizens of Harpersfield decided to withdraw from the township and form their own township, which then became Geneva Township, named after Geneva, New York. In 1866, the town of Geneva then became a village, and, nearly one hundred years later, in 1958, Geneva was incorporated as a city.

Declaration of Lunar Ownership
On April 12, 1966, more than 200 people attended ceremonies at Geneva High School at which it was revealed that the city had claimed ownership of the moon. The "Declaration of Lunar Ownership" contained 35 signatures, and was revealed simultaneously with the city's 100th anniversary. It claimed that the "physical property of the moon shall belong exclusively to the citizens of Geneva, Ohio," and that unfriendly acts upon the city would be responded to with "all human dignity and moral circumspection." The city claimed the right to rent or lease its moon holdings via a two-thirds vote of the city's entire population, and provided for the sale of 100 deeds for 100 acre of land, each acre priced at $100.

Geography
Geneva is located 45 mi east of Cleveland and 55 mi west of Erie, Pennsylvania.

The city is bordered to the north, east and west by Geneva Township and by Harpersfield Township to the south. The Grand River flows around Geneva to the south in Harpersfield and to the west in Lake County. The Geneva State Park is located to the north of the city (within Geneva Township).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.14 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
At the 2010 census there were 6,215 people in 2,479 households, including 1,527 families, in the city. The population density was 1501.2 PD/sqmi. There were 2,769 housing units at an average density of 668.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 94.3% White, 1.7% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.5% Asian, 1.8% from other races, and 1.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.5%.

Of the 2,479 households 30.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.1% were married couples living together, 13.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.4% were non-families. 32.0% of households were one person and 14.1% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.96.

The median age was 40.9 years. 22.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.3% were from 25 to 44; 26.9% were from 45 to 64; and 17.8% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.8% male and 51.2% female.

2000 census
At the 2000 census there were 6,595 people in 2,515 households, including 1,607 families, in the city. The population density was 1,650.4 PD/sqmi. There were 2,660 housing units at an average density of 665.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 94.84% White, 1.15% African American, 0.15% Native American, 0.24% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 1.80% from other races, and 1.77% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.94%.

Of the 2,515 households 30.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.6% were married couples living together, 12.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.1% were non-families. 30.0% of households were one person and 13.0% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.04.

The age distribution was 23.9% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 17.6% 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.6 males and for every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.2 males.

The median household income was $35,048 and the median family income was $41,511. Males had a median income of $31,817 versus $23,927 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,940. About 5.1% of families and 9.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.5% of those under age 18 and 10.9% of those age 65 or over.

Economy
Geneva is home to HDT Global, an industrial outfit that manufactures air conditioning, heating, and filtration units for heavy industry. In recent years, they have been awarded over $100 million in U.S. Department of Defense contracts.

Geneva Grape Jamboree
The Grape Jamboree is an annual celebration of the area's grape-growing and wine-producing industries. The festival occurs during the final full weekend of September, and lasts both days. Festivities include two parades, one held on each day, as well as various amusement park-type rides and typical festival food kiosks set up on the main streets (Route 20 and Route 534) of Geneva. Other activities include musical performances and an art show.

West Liberty Covered Bridge
An addition to Ashtabula County's existing covered bridges, the West Liberty Covered Bridge, purported to be the shortest covered bridge in the United States, opened in 2011.

Infrastructure
Three major routes pass through (or near) Geneva. Interstate 90, the northernmost east–west and coast-to-coast interstate, passes roughly two miles south of the city. There, a full-access interchange (exit 218) intersects Route 534, which passes through Geneva and terminates north of the city. Route 534 intersects Route 20, the longest road in the United States, in downtown Geneva.

Education
The Geneva Area City School District provides K–12 education to students in Geneva as well as Geneva Township (including Geneva-on-the-Lake), Harpersfield Township, Trumbull Township and Austinburg Township (including Austinburg). The district has three elementary schools (Geneva Platt R. Spencer Elementary, Cork Elementary and Austinburg Elementary), one middle school (Geneva Middle School) and one high school (Geneva High School). The elementary schools serve students in grades K–5, while the middle school and high schools serve students in grades 6–8 and 9–12 respectively. The district has an open enrollment policy, allowing students from the entire county, as well as Lake and Geauga Counties to enroll.

Geneva has a public library, a branch of the Ashtabula County District Library.

Notable people

 * Brian Anderson, Major League Baseball pitcher
 * Tammy Cochran, a country music singer, sang "Angels in Waiting"
 * Emy Coligado, actress best known for her role in the sitcom Malcolm in the Middle
 * Edward S. Ellis, author best known for writing hundreds of dime novels
 * Ellen Spencer Mussey, lawyer, educator, and pioneer in the field of women's rights
 * Ransom E. Olds, automotive pioneer, Oldsmobile and REO brands
 * Paul Jessup, writer and video game designer.
 * Mickey Sanzotta, an NFL running back for the Detroit Lions
 * Platt Rogers Spencer, a calligrapher who invented Spencerian Script
 * Freeman Thorpe, an artist with works listed in the Smithsonian Institution's Inventory of American Paintings and Sculptures
 * Marion E. Warner (1839–1918), American poet and short story writer
 * Laura Rosamond White, an author, editor, and poet

title: Geneva, Ohio


text:
Geneva-on-the-Lake, Ohio

Geneva-on-the-Lake is a village in northwestern Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States, along the southern shore of Lake Erie. A small resort town, the population was 916 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Ashtabula micropolitan area, 46 mi northeast of Cleveland.

History
Settlement of the original area known as the Connecticut Western Reserve started in the early 1800s, as investors, farmers, and frontiersmen from New England and the Mid-Atlantic began to farm in the area and capitalize on the natural resources of Lake Erie and its shoreline. Industry along the lake shore continued to develop, including a lime burning business along Cowles Creek on the west, along with small-scale lumber processing and ship building at Indian Creek on the east. In 1869, Cullen Spencer and Edward Pratt purchased property known as Sturgeon Point (now Mapleton Beach) and opened it as a public picnic grounds with beach access. Later, a pony-powered carousel of sorts would be added which later help establish the town as Ohio's first summer resort.

In order to accommodate more visitors, residents built and established boarding houses and inns; the first being what is now the Jennie Munger Gregory Museum. Vacation residences continued to grow and expand through the early 1900s to include places such as the Idle-A-While and Shady Beach Inn. Erieview Park was started in 1945 by E.M. "Pop" Pera, and it grew to include nine adult and nine children's amusement park rides including The Fright Zone, one of three scary dark rides created by the Allen Herschel Co. The park closed in 2006, but the Ferris wheel and carousel are still in operation nearby. Starting in 1964 with the purchase of Chestnut Grove, portions of land which were to become the Geneva-on-the-Lake State Park continued to grow through 1974 to include cabins, campgrounds, and a swimming beach.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 2.28 sqmi, of which 2.26 sqmi is land and 0.02 sqmi is water.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,288 people, 589 households, and 326 families residing in the village. The population density was 569.9 PD/sqmi. There were 1,136 housing units at an average density of 502.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 95.9% White, 0.2% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 0.8% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.2% of the population.

There were 589 households, of which 24.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 33.8% were married couples living together, 15.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 44.7% were non-families. 34.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.80.

The median age in the village was 42.7 years. 19.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.4% were from 25 to 44; 32.7% were from 45 to 64; and 13.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 50.7% male and 49.3% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,545 people, 665 households, and 395 families residing in the village. The population density was 760.9 PD/sqmi. There were 1,167 housing units at an average density of 574.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 96.18% White, 0.58% African American, 0.32% Native American, 0.32% Asian, 1.04% from other races, and 1.55% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.20% of the population.

There were 665 households, out of which 30.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.5% were married couples living together, 15.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.5% were non-families. 31.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.90.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 26.6% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 31.0% from 25 to 44, 20.7% from 45 to 64, and 12.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 99.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.9 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $29,583, and the median income for a family was $31,786. Males had a median income of $28,375 versus $20,655 for females. The per capita income for the village was $15,860. About 15.0% of families and 19.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.8% of those under age 18 and 6.3% of those age 65 or over.

Culture
Geneva-on-the-Lake's central attraction is "the Strip", a section of State Route 531 which is lined with parks, restaurants, and arcades, and has been a tourist attraction for decades. In 2004, the Lodge and Conference Center at Geneva State Park opened on the lakefront.

One of a number of seasonal events is the "Thunder on The Strip," an annual Biker Rally held the weekend after Labor Day. Started in 2007, "Thunder on The Strip" attracts thousands of motorcyclists from around the country and brings a boost to local business.

Education
The Geneva Area City School District provides K–12 education to students in Geneva-on-the-Lake. The district has three elementary schools (Geneva Platt R. Spencer Elementary, Cork Elementary and Austinburg Elementary), one middle school (Geneva Middle School) and one high school (Geneva High School). The elementary schools serve students in grades K–5, while the middle school and high schools serve students in grades 6–8 and 9–12 respectively. The district has an open enrollment policy, allowing students from the entire county, as well as Lake and Geauga Counties to enroll.

Notable people

 * Isaac Arthur, science communication, YouTuber and futurist
 * Sarah Fowler Arthur, member of the Ohio House of Representatives from the 99th district
 * Ransom E. Olds, founder of the Oldsmobile car company

title: Geneva-on-the-Lake, Ohio


text:
Jefferson, Ohio

Jefferson is a village in and the county seat of Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States. The population was 3,226 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Ashtabula micropolitan area, 50 mi northeast of Cleveland.

Modern-day Jefferson sports the world's only perambulator museum and a historical complex including several restored 19th-century buildings. Joshua Giddings' law office has also been restored as a museum. Annual village events include the Ashtabula County Fair, the Strawberry Festival, Jefferson Days, and the Covered Bridge Festival.

History
Jefferson was officially founded by Gideon Granger, U.S. Postmaster General during Thomas Jefferson's administration, in 1803. He envisioned the new settlement as a "Philadelphia of the West," and early plans for the village were based upon the layout of that city. A cabin was erected by Granger's agent in 1804, but the settlement's first permanent residents arrived only in 1805: the Samuel Wilson family. Wilson, misled by land agents, moved to Ohio in late autumn expecting to find a thriving city on Granger's land. Instead, he found a wilderness, broken only by trees emblazoned with Philadelphian street names, marking where future streets would be built. Wilson himself died after two weeks of herculean effort to prepare for the winter, but his family stayed on as the first citizens of Jefferson. In 1811, Jefferson was made the county seat of Ashtabula County.

Jefferson's two most famous sons were Congressman Joshua Reed Giddings and Senator Benjamin Wade, two prominent Whig Party and later Republican Party abolitionists. In 1831, the two men formed a law practice in Jefferson and worked together until Giddings was elected to Congress in 1838. Wade successfully ran for the Ohio State Senate in 1837, then won election to the US Senate in 1851. Both were instrumental in the foundation of the Republican Party and defied the "Gag Rule" barring discussion of slavery prior to the American Civil War. Jefferson itself was a hotbed of abolitionism. Abolitionist John Brown spoke in the village, and several of its houses acted as stations on the Underground Railway. During the American Civil War, it trained Union recruits at Fort Giddings, which stood in the village at the current site of the fairgrounds. Wade later was merely one vote shy of assuming the acting Presidency due to the impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 2.52 sqmi, all land.

The village's principal watercourse is Mill Creek.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 3,120 people, 1,290 households, and 809 families living in the village. The population density was 1238.1 PD/sqmi. There were 1,400 housing units at an average density of 555.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.1% White, 1.1% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.1% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.0% of the population.

There were 1,290 households, of which 30.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.4% were married couples living together, 14.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.3% were non-families. 32.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.89.

The median age in the village was 43 years. 22.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.7% were from 25 to 44; 27.3% were from 45 to 64; and 20.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 45.6% male and 54.4% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,572 people, 1,357 households, and 933 families living in the village. The population density was 1,566.5 PD/sqmi. There were 1,425 housing units at an average density of 625.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.17% White, 1.43% African American, 0.25% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.14% from other races, and 0.78% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.62% of the population. 19.1% were of German, 14.6% English, 12.7% Italian, 11.3% Irish and 10.8% American ancestry according to Census 2000.

There were 1,357 households, out of which 34.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.1% were married couples living together, 14.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.2% were non-families. 27.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 25.3% under the age of 18, 9.9% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 21.0% from 45 to 64, and 17.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.4 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $36,883, and the median income for a family was $46,313. Males had a median income of $34,341 versus $25,036 for females. The per capita income for the village was $18,371. About 3.9% of families and 5.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.4% of those under age 18 and 8.0% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Children in Jefferson are served by the Jefferson Local School District. The current schools serving the village are:
 * Jefferson Elementary School – grades K-6
 * Jefferson Area Junior High School – grades 6-7
 * Jefferson Area High School – grades 9-12

Notable people

 * Julius C. Burrows, U.S. Representative and a U.S. Senator from Michigan
 * Theodore Elijah Burton, U.S. Representative and U.S. Senator from Ohio
 * Joshua Reed Giddings, attorney, politician and a prominent opponent of slavery
 * Matthew Hatchette, NFL wide receiver
 * John L. Hervey, prominent authority on thoroughbred horses
 * Branden Lee Hinkle, mixed martial artist
 * Elbert L. Lampson, 21st Lieutenant Governor of Ohio, former state Senator
 * James J. Nance, President of Hotpoint and later as the last President of the Packard Motor Car Company
 * Platt Rogers Spencer, creator of Spencerian penmanship, a popular system of cursive handwriting
 * George Van Tassel, UFO enthusiast and religious cult leader
 * Benjamin Franklin Wade, lawyer and U.S. Senator, President pro tempore of Senate
 * Carl Yoder, industrialist

title: Jefferson, Ohio


text:
North Kingsville, Ohio

North Kingsville is a village in Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States. The population was 2,742 at the 2020 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 8.91 sqmi, of which 8.89 sqmi is land and 0.02 sqmi is water.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 2,923 people, 1,150 households, and 874 families living in the village. The population density was 328.8 PD/sqmi. There were 1,294 housing units at an average density of 145.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 96.5% White, 0.7% African American, 0.1% Native American, 1.2% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 0.2% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.5% of the population.

There were 1,150 households, of which 32.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.7% were married couples living together, 9.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 24.0% were non-families. 19.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 2.86.

The median age in the village was 44.8 years. 23% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.7% were from 25 to 44; 33.8% were from 45 to 64; and 15.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 48.8% male and 51.2% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,658 people, 1,029 households, and 807 families living in the village. The population density was 298.5 PD/sqmi. There were 1,127 housing units at an average density of 126.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.55% White, 0.38% African American, 0.23% Native American, 0.56% Asian, 0.41% from other races, and 0.87% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.17% of the population. 16.2% were of German, 15.6% English, 14.9% Italian, 12.0% American, 9.3% Irish and 5.2% Finnish ancestry according to Census 2000.

There were 1,029 households, out of which 33.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.4% were married couples living together, 8.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.5% were non-families. 17.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 2.91.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.5% under the age of 18, 6.3% from 18 to 24, 27.9% from 25 to 44, 28.5% from 45 to 64, and 12.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 96.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $44,276, and the median income for a family was $52,417. Males had a median income of $39,479 versus $26,250 for females. The per capita income for the village was $23,000. About 4.9% of families and 7.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.9% of those under age 18 and 2.1% of those age 65 or over.

title: North Kingsville, Ohio


text:
Stephen Moore

Stephen Moore may refer to:

Politics

 * Stephen Moore, 1st Viscount Mount Cashell (1696–1766), Anglo-Irish aristocrat and politician
 * Stephen Moore, 1st Earl Mount Cashell (1730–1790), Anglo-Irish aristocrat and politician, his son
 * Stephen Moore, 2nd Earl Mount Cashell (1770–1822), Anglo-Irish aristocrat and politician, his grandson
 * Stephen Moore, 3rd Earl Mount Cashell (1792–1883), Anglo-Irish aristocrat, and politician, his great-grandson
 * Stephen Moore, 4th Earl Mount Cashell (1825–1889)
 * Stephen Moore (MP) (1836–1897), Irish politician
 * Stephen Moore (Canadian politician), candidate in the 2008 Canadian federal election

Sport

 * Stephen Moore (athlete) (born 1975), American decathlete
 * Stephen Moore (cricketer) (born 1980), English cricketer
 * Stephen Moore (judoka) (born 1969), American Paralympic judoka
 * Stephen Moore (rugby union) (born 1983), Australian rugby footballer

Other people

 * Stephen Moore (actor) (1937–2019), English actor, voice of Marvin the Paranoid Android
 * Stephen Campbell Moore (born 1979), English actor
 * Stephen Moore (writer) (born 1960), American economic writer
 * Stephen Moore (fl. 1998), executive at One.Tel
 * Stephen Moore, murdered in 2013 by his ex-wife Kathleen Dorsett

Fictional characters

 * Stephen Moore, character in 13Hrs

title: Stephen Moore


text:
Orwell, Ohio

Orwell is a village in Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States. The population was 1,533 at the 2020 census.

History
A post office called Orwell has been in operation since 1826. The name Orwell is derived from Orwell, Vermont, the native home of an early settler.

King Training Camp
Orwell is the location of the King Training Camp, owned by boxing promoter Don King. The facility, housed on State Route 45 South, often features famous boxers as well as up-and-coming fighters under King's promotional umbrella. In May 2006, the KTC hosted former undisputed welterweight champion Cory Spinks as he trained for his comeback fight against another Don King-backed fighter, IBF super welterweight champ Roman Karmazin.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.97 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,660 people, 642 households, and 411 families living in the village. The population density was 842.6 PD/sqmi. There were 706 housing units at an average density of 358.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 94.7% White, 1.3% African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 3.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.7% of the population.

There were 642 households, of which 35.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.3% were married couples living together, 17.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.0% were non-families. 29.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.07.

The median age in the village was 35.4 years. 26.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.7% were from 25 to 44; 23.9% were from 45 to 64; and 13.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 48.4% male and 51.6% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,519 people, 618 households, and 378 families living in the village. The population density was 913.0 PD/sqmi. There were 660 housing units at an average density of 396.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 95.98% White, 1.25% African American, 0.13% Native American, 0.46% Asian, 0.46% from other races, and 1.71% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.12% of the population. 20.6% were of German, 12.8% Irish, 9.7% English, 8.7% Polish, 8.3% American, 7.1% Italian and 5.7% Hungarian ancestry according to Census 2000.

There were 618 households, out of which 33.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.5% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.8% were non-families. 34.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.10.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 26.7% under the age of 18, 11.0% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 20.1% from 45 to 64, and 13.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 88.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.9 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $33,214, and the median income for a family was $41,705. Males had a median income of $31,851 versus $22,237 for females. The per capita income for the village was $16,160. About 7.2% of families and 10.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.8% of those under age 18 and 13.7% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Orwell Public Schools are part of the Grand Valley Local School District. Students attend Grand Valley Elementary School, Grand Valley Middle School and Grand Valley High School.

These schools serve the students of Hartsgrove, Orwell, Rome, Colebrook, Windsor, and sometimes Middlefield, townships in Ashtabula County, Ohio. Some students may also have North Bloomfield, Lenox, Rock Creek, or New Lyme zip codes or telephone exchanges.

Notable people

 * Russell Allen, Olympic cyclist
 * Adna Chaffee, lieutenant general in the Civil War

title: Orwell, Ohio


text:
Roaming Shores, Ohio

Roaming Shores is a village in Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States. The population was 1,586 at the 2020 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 2.82 sqmi, of which 2.10 sqmi is land and 0.72 sqmi is water.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,508 people, 582 households, and 433 families living in the village. The population density was 718.1 PD/sqmi. There were 866 housing units at an average density of 412.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.6% White, 0.5% African American, 0.3% Asian, and 0.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.5% of the population.

There were 582 households, of which 34.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.8% were married couples living together, 6.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 25.6% were non-families. 20.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the average family size was 2.98.

The median age in the village was 40.2 years. 24.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.8% were from 25 to 44; 29.3% were from 45 to 64; and 13.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 50.6% male and 49.4% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,239 people, 486 households, and 386 families living in the village. The population density was 596.1 PD/sqmi. There were 641 housing units at an average density of 308.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.42% White, 1.61% African American, 0.16% Native American, 0.08% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, and 0.65% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.32% of the population. 21.2% were of German, 14.0% Irish, 10.7% English, 9.7% American and 9.4% Italian ancestry according to Census 2000.

There were 486 households, out of which 32.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 70.4% were married couples living together, 5.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.4% were non-families. 16.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 2.85.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 23.2% under the age of 18, 5.2% from 18 to 24, 31.4% from 25 to 44, 28.7% from 45 to 64, and 11.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 109.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 112.5 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $57,431, and the median income for a family was $64,750. Males had a median income of $46,000 versus $29,583 for females. The per capita income for the village was $26,470. About 1.5% of families and 1.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.7% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

title: Roaming Shores, Ohio


text:
Rock Creek, Ohio

Rock Creek is a village in Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States. The population was 667 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Ashtabula micropolitan area, 45 mi northeast of Cleveland.

Geography
Rock Creek is located at the confluence of Rock Creek and the Grand River.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.89 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 529 people, 196 households, and 137 families living in the village. The population density was 594.4 PD/sqmi. There were 218 housing units at an average density of 244.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.5% White, 1.5% African American, 0.2% Asian, and 0.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.2% of the population.

There were 196 households, of which 38.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.4% were married couples living together, 16.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 9.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 30.1% were non-families. 23.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.17.

The median age in the village was 36.8 years. 27.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.6% were from 25 to 44; 24.6% were from 45 to 64; and 11.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 50.5% male and 49.5% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 584 people, 195 households, and 146 families living in the village. The population density was 646.2 PD/sqmi. There were 201 housing units at an average density of 222.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.26% White, 1.71% African American, 0.17% Native American, and 0.86% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.17% of the population. 32.2% were of German, 14.5% Irish, 8.8% Italian, 7.7% American and 6.9% English ancestry according to Census 2000.

There were 195 households, out of which 40.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.5% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.1% were non-families. 20.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.99 and the average family size was 3.43.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 32.5% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 33.0% from 25 to 44, 17.5% from 45 to 64, and 8.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 90.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.3 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $35,536, and the median income for a family was $37,917. Males had a median income of $28,125 versus $23,409 for females. The per capita income for the village was $13,276. About 7.9% of families and 9.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.3% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

Education
Children in Rock Creek are served by the Jefferson Local School District. The current schools serving the village are:
 * Rock Creek Elementary School – grades K-6
 * Jefferson Area Junior High School – grades 6-7
 * Jefferson Area High School – grades 9-12

Notable People

 * Lewis Sperry Chafer, theologian, founder of Dallas Theological Seminary
 * Theodore Newcomb, American social psychologist, professor and author

title: Rock Creek, Ohio


text:
Albany, Ohio

Albany is a village in Athens County, Ohio, United States. The population was 917 at the 2020 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.27 sqmi, of which 1.25 sqmi is land and 0.02 sqmi is water.

History
Albany was laid out in about 1832. It was incorporated as a village in 1842.

The small rural village became one of several stops in Athens County for the Underground Railroad, as fugitives could come upriver on the Hocking River from the Ohio River. Free blacks, many of whom had migrated from the Upper South to escape its discrimination, also settled the village in the mid-19th century.

The black population increased during the 1850s from four in the township to 174 by 1860. In 1860, 70 members of the black community were from the South: 53 from Virginia and 17 from other slave states.

African American education in Albany
Although Ohio laws made attending public schools difficult for African-American children, private schools in Albany offered educational opportunities to them that were unavailable in most parts of the state.

In 1848, William S. Lewis founded the Lewis Academy, which admitted students regardless of race or gender. Lewis's admission policies were influenced by the liberal ideals of Oberlin College, which he had attended as a student.

In 1850, a joint-stock company took over administration of Lewis Academy, and the name was changed to the Albany Manual Labor Academy, and then later to the Albany Manual Labor University (AMLU). The school continued to admit students of all genders and races. Slaveholders were not permitted to become shareholders. Students with financial need could borrow money from the institution and repay their tuition by working two hours a day in the manual labor department: farming land owned by the school, operating the school's saw-mill, or making bricks.

The academy's constitution stated that the institution's primary goal was:"... to break down, so far as our influence shall extend, the oppressive distinctions on account of caste and color, and counteract, both by example and precept, a spirit of aristocracy, that is spreading itself throughout the land." The constitution also required that one woman and one African American sit on the board. Philip Clay, a former slave from Virginia who was a successful shoemaker in Albany, was one of the first members of the board. Notable Ohio abolitionists served as trustees and board members, including John Brown, an Albany merchant and activist with the Underground Railroad, and Salmon P. Chase, twice U.S. Senator from Ohio, Governor of Ohio and future Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.

AMLU had its peak enrollment of 284 students in 1857, but suffered financial problems. In 1862, a denominational church group, Albany's Free Will Baptists, took over management of the school. They ended the admission of African Americans. The outbreak of the Civil War resulted in a decline in the number of students, and the academy closed.

To ensure the education of their children, African Americans from the county and state founded the private Albany Enterprise Academy in 1862. It was the first school in Athens County founded exclusively by and for African Americans. It operated until 1886. Founders included leaders of the black community such as Thomas Jefferson Furguson (co-founder of the Ohio Colored Teacher's Association, member of the Albany City Council, and the first black to serve on a jury in Athens County), Cornelius Berry (father of Edward Berry of the Berry Hotel), Philip Clay, David Norman, Woodrow Wiley, and Jackson Wiley. A two-story building was constructed and the school opened in 1864, with 49 students already enrolled.

In 1864, the board advertised their academy in a broadsheet, saying: The School will be owned and managed by colored persons; but this does not in our opinion make an argument against it. The day has gone by for the colored man to be used as a mere machine. He must now reflect the light of his own intellectual and moral development, must either shine in the effulgence of his own wisdom, or sink to poverty and wretchedness by his own ignorance.

The Enterprise Academy had in "excess of one hundred students" in its early years of operation (for comparison, about the same number then enrolled at Ohio University at the same time). With the increase in students, a second building for a girl's dormitory was built in 1870. By the late 1870s, many blacks had left the area for work in larger cities and local public integrated schools were available. As a result, the Enterprise Academy suffered declining enrollment; it closed in 1886.

May 1911 Fire
In the predawn hours of May 2, 1911, one of the most disastrous fires to ever happen in the village destroyed an entire block in downtown Albany. Six stores, a hotel, and several residences burned to the ground. A strong wind helped the fire grow throughout the wood-framed structures. Within just an hour and a half all of the buildings on that side of Main Street were destroyed except for the post office and telephone building. The heat was so intense that buildings across the street were threatened and many windows were broken. Scores of men worked several hours to contain the fire and keep it from spreading further.

14 years earlier the other side of this block burned and most of those buildings were rebuilt with brick structures.

2020 census
As of the census of 2020, there were 917 people, 360 households, and 212 families living in the village. There were 444 housing units, 74.2% were owner-occupied, 25.8% were renter-occupied. The racial makeup of the village was 97.8% White, 1.0% African American, and 1.2% from some other race. (3 Native American, 5 Asian) The median Household income was $26,333.00.

There were 347 households, of which 26.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.6% were married couples living together, 35.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 19.4% had a male householder with no wife present. 26.1% of all households were made up of individuals living alone, and 13.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.91.

The median age in the village was 42.4 years. 19.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.9% were from 25 to 44; 7.7% were from 45 to 54; 13.1% were from 55 to 64, 11.8% were from 65 to 74, and 10.6% were 75 years or older. The gender makeup of the village was 42.7% male and 57.3% female. There were 74.6 males for every 100 females.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 828 people, 347 households, and 230 families living in the village. The population density was 662.4 PD/sqmi. There were 400 housing units at an average density of 320.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.3% White, 0.1% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 0.4% from other races, and 0.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.6% of the population.

There were 347 households, of which 29.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.0% were married couples living together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.7% were non-families. 30.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.83.

The median age in the village was 40.8 years. 21.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.6% were from 25 to 44; 26.6% were from 45 to 64; and 18.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 45.9% male and 54.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 808 people, 352 households, and 222 families living in the village. The population density was 649.6 PD/sqmi. There were 400 housing units at an average density of 321.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.28% White, 1.11% African American, 0.12% Native American, 0.12% Asian, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 0.87% from other races, and 0.37% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.49% of the population.

There were 352 households, out of which 26.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.4% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.9% were non-families. 32.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.81.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 20.7% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 29.6% from 25 to 44, 24.8% from 45 to 64, and 16.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.8 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $31,534, and the median income for a family was $42,750. Males had a median income of $30,750 versus $22,083 for females. The per capita income for the village was $16,047. About 8.3% of families and 13.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.6% of those under age 18 and 15.0% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Public Education in the village of Albany is provided by the Alexander Local School District. Campuses serving the village include Alexander Elementary School (Grades PK-5), Alexander Middle School (Grades 6–8), and Alexander High School (Grades 9–12).

Albany has a public library, a branch of the Athens County Public Libraries.

title: Albany, Ohio