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List of Apollo astronauts

As part of the Apollo program by NASA, 24 astronauts flew nine missions to the Moon between December 1968 and December 1972. During six successful two-man landing missions, twelve men walked on the lunar surface, six of whom drove Lunar Roving Vehicles as part of the last three missions. Three men have been to the Moon twice, one orbited once and took a circumlunar trajectory the second time, while the other two landed once apiece. Apart from these 24 men, no human being has gone beyond low Earth orbit. , 6 of the 24 remain alive. No woman has been to the Moon, but a number of non-human animals have circled or orbited it, including two tortoises, several turtles, and five mice.

Apollo missions 8 and 10–17 were the nine crewed missions to the Moon. Apollo 4–6 and AS-201 and AS-202 were uncrewed, while AS-203 is considered a test flight. The Apollo program included three other crewed missions: Apollo 1 (AS-204) did not launch and its crew died in a ground-based capsule fire, while Apollo 7 and Apollo 9 were low Earth orbit missions that only tested spacecraft components and docking maneuvers. Apollo missions 18, 19, and 20 were canceled. Twelve astronauts later flew unused Apollo command modules in the Apollo Applications Program's Skylab and Apollo–Soyuz Test Project. Of the 24 astronauts who flew to the Moon, two went on to command a Skylab mission, one commanded Apollo–Soyuz, one flew as commander for Approach and Landing Tests of the Space Shuttle, and two commanded orbital Space Shuttle missions.

Prime crew members
NASA's Director of Flight Crew Operations during the Gemini and Apollo programs was Donald K. "Deke" Slayton, one of the original Mercury Seven astronauts, who was medically grounded in September 1962 due to a minor cardiac arrhythmia – paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Slayton was responsible for making all Gemini and Apollo crew assignments. In March 1972, Slayton was restored to flight status, and flew on the 1975 Apollo–Soyuz Test Project mission.

The prime crew members selected for actual missions are here grouped by their NASA astronaut selection groups, and within each group in the order selected for flight. Two versions of the Apollo Command/Service Module (CSM) spacecraft were developed: Block I, intended for preliminary low Earth orbit testing; and Block II, redesigned for the lunar landing. The Block I crew position titles were Command Pilot, Senior Pilot (second seat), and Pilot (third seat). The corresponding Block II titles were: Commander, Command Module Pilot, and Lunar Module Pilot. The second seat pilot was given secondary responsibility for celestial navigation to keep the CSM's guidance computer accurately calibrated with the spacecraft's true position, and the third seat pilot served as a flight engineer, monitoring the health of the spacecraft systems.

1959

 * Virgil I. "Gus" Grissom began his career at NASA in 1959. In 1966, he was selected as Command Pilot for the first crewed Apollo mission, a low Earth orbit test. This mission ended a month before its scheduled launch, when a cabin fire on the launch pad killed Grissom, Ed White and Roger Chaffee on January 27, 1967.
 * Walter M. Schirra Jr. also began his NASA career in 1959. He was selected in October 1968 as Command Pilot for Apollo 7, an 11-day, low Earth orbit shakedown test of the three-man Apollo Command/Service Module and the first crewed launch for the Apollo project.
 * Alan B. Shepard Jr. – America's first man in space on Freedom 7 was originally selected to command Gemini 3, but was medically grounded for the duration of Gemini due to Ménière's disease and assisted Slayton in Flight Operations. After corrective surgery, Shepard was restored to flight status and commanded Apollo 14, the third successful Moon landing mission.

1962
All of these astronauts flew on Gemini, and except for White, each commanded one Gemini and one Apollo mission:

 * Edward H. White II – Second-seat veteran of Gemini 4 who made the United States' first walk in space, selected as Senior Pilot (second seat) on Apollo 1. White was killed in the Apollo 1 fire along with Grissom and Chaffee.
 * James A. McDivitt – Commander of Gemini 4, selected in late 1966 to command the first Earth orbital flight test of the Apollo Lunar Module with the CSM. This mission flew in March 1969 as Apollo 9. After his flight, McDivitt was promoted to Manager of Lunar Landing Operations, and in August 1969 was promoted to Manager of the Apollo Spacecraft Program.
 * Frank F. Borman II – Commander of Gemini 7, selected to command a higher Earth orbit test of the complete Apollo spacecraft. But when delays prevented the LM from being ready in time for its first flight in December 1968, Borman's mission was changed to the first lunar orbital flight of the CSM on Apollo 8.
 * James A. Lovell Jr. – Second-seat veteran of Gemini 7, and commander of Gemini 12, flew as Command Module Pilot (second seat) on Apollo 8. Lovell became the first to fly a second Apollo mission as commander of Apollo 13, the third lunar landing attempt. This mission was unsuccessful, due to a Service Module electrical system failure caused by an oxygen tank explosion. Lovell and his crew managed to return to Earth safely. Lovell is the only person to fly to the Moon twice without landing there.
 * Thomas P. Stafford – Second-seat veteran of Gemini 6A and commander of Gemini 9A, commanded a lunar orbital test of the Lunar Module on Apollo 10. He also commanded the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project mission.
 * John W. Young – Second-seat veteran of Gemini 3 and commander of Gemini 10, flew as Command Module Pilot on Apollo 10. Young later commanded the successful Apollo 16 lunar landing. He also commanded the first Space Shuttle flight, STS-1 Columbia, April 12–14, 1981, and STS-9, also on Columbia, November 28–December 8, 1983.
 * Neil A. Armstrong – Commander of Gemini 8, commanded Apollo 11, becoming the first human to set foot on the Moon.
 * Charles "Pete" Conrad Jr. – Second-seat veteran of Gemini 5 and commander of Gemini 11, commanded Apollo 12, the second lunar landing. He went on to command Skylab 2, successfully completing repairs to the spacecraft that saved it for this and two subsequent missions.

1963
This was the first class of astronauts for which test pilot experience was not required, but military jet fighter pilot experience was acceptable.

Five of this group got their first spaceflight experience as second seat on Gemini:
 * David R. Scott – Second-seat veteran of Gemini 8, flew as Command Module Pilot on Apollo 9, and commanded the Apollo 15 lunar landing.
 * Eugene A. Cernan – Second-seat veteran on Gemini 9A, flew as Lunar Module Pilot on Apollo 10, and commanded the final lunar landing mission Apollo 17.
 * Michael Collins – Second-seat veteran on Gemini 10, flew as Command Module Pilot on Apollo 11.
 * Edwin E. "Buzz" Aldrin Jr. – Second-seat veteran on Gemini 12, flew as Lunar Module Pilot on Apollo 11, the first Moon landing.
 * Richard F. Gordon Jr. – Second-seat veteran on Gemini 11, flew as Command Module Pilot on Apollo 12. Gordon was selected to command the Apollo 18 lunar landing, which was later canceled.

The remaining six members of this group were selected for their first space flights on Apollo:
 * Roger B. Chaffee – Selected as Pilot (third seat) on Apollo 1, was killed with Grissom and White in the fire.
 * Donn F. Eisele – Flew second seat on Apollo 7.
 * R. Walter Cunningham – Flew third seat on Apollo 7.
 * Russell L. "Rusty" Schweickart – Flew as Lunar Module Pilot on Apollo 9. Schweickart performed an EVA outside the spacecraft, testing the portable life support system used on the Moon.
 * William A. Anders – Flew third seat on Apollo 8.
 * Alan L. Bean – Flew as Lunar Module Pilot on Apollo 12. He later served as commander for Skylab 3.

1965

In June 1965, NASA named a group of five scientist astronauts, the first group qualified by doctorate degrees rather than test or military fighter pilot experience. Geologist Harrison H. "Jack" Schmitt participated heavily in the geological training of the lunar landing astronauts, as well as assisting in the analysis of returned samples and the preparation of mission reports. In 1970, he was selected as Lunar Module Pilot for the Apollo 15 backup crew, and prime crew on Apollo 18. When program cutbacks canceled missions 18 through 20, NASA's lunar geological community insisted on having a geologist on the Moon, so Slayton reassigned Schmitt to Apollo 17.

1966
NASA named a group of 19 more astronauts in April 1966. None had spaceflight experience before their Apollo mission.
 * T. Kenneth Mattingly II – Selected as prime Command Module Pilot for Apollo 13, Mattingly was exposed to German measles days before the flight and was grounded by the flight surgeon, though ultimately did not contract the disease. He swapped places with his backup and flew on Apollo 16. He also flew on STS-4 and STS-51-C
 * John L. "Jack" Swigert Jr. – Flew as Mattingly's backup on Apollo 13.
 * Fred W. Haise Jr. – Flew as Lunar Module Pilot on the unsuccessful Apollo 13. Haise was selected to command the Apollo 19 lunar landing, which was canceled. Haise would later be named commander of the first crew for the Space Shuttle's Approach and Landing Tests using the prototype Space Shuttle Enterprise.
 * Stuart A. Roosa – Command Module Pilot on Apollo 14
 * Edgar D. Mitchell – Lunar Module Pilot on Apollo 14
 * Alfred M. Worden – Command Module Pilot on Apollo 15
 * James B. Irwin – Lunar Module Pilot on Apollo 15
 * Charles M. Duke Jr. – First achieved public recognition as capsule communicator during the Apollo 11 Moon landing; notable for the quote: "...we copy you on the ground. You've got a bunch of guys about to turn blue; we're breathing again. Thanks a lot." Duke flew as Lunar Module Pilot on Apollo 16.
 * Ronald E. Evans Jr. – Command Module Pilot on Apollo 17.

Astronauts who trained for Apollo but did not fly

 * L. Gordon Cooper Jr. – from the Mercury Seven; veteran of Mercury Faith 7 and commander of Gemini 5, was replaced as Apollo 14 commander by Alan Shepard and resigned from NASA in 1970.
 * Clifton C. "C.C." Williams Jr. – from Group 3; was named as Schweickart's Lunar Module Pilot backup crew, but was killed when the T-38 jet he was flying crashed near Tallahassee, Florida on October 5, 1967. He was replaced by Bean, who flew on Apollo 12.
 * Vance D. Brand – from Group 5; was on the support crew for Apollo 8 and Apollo 13; was named as Apollo 15 backup Command Module Pilot. Flew on the 1975 Apollo–Soyuz Test Project (not a flight of the Apollo program). He also flew as commander of STS-5, STS-41-B and STS-35.
 * Edward G. Givens Jr. – from Group 5; was on the support crew of Apollo 7, but died in a car crash near Houston, Texas on June 6, 1967.
 * Joe H. Engle – from Group 5; was originally named as Apollo 17 Lunar Module Pilot, but lost his slot to Schmitt. After Apollo, he flew in the Space Shuttle Approach and Landing Tests, then commanded STS-2 and STS-51-I.

Apollo astronauts who walked on the Moon
Twelve men walked on the Moon during six Moon landings of the Apollo program between July 1969 and December 1972. All landed on the surface only once, and five missions consisted of two or more surface extravehicular activities (EVAs). Four of them are alive with an average age of years. Most astronauts at that time came from the military services and were considered to be on active duty during their NASA service. The few exceptions were considered civilian NASA astronauts, regardless of any prior military service.

On the last of their three Apollo 17 EVAs, Harrison Schmitt stepped out of the Apollo Lunar Module onto the surface of the Moon after Gene Cernan, and is therefore the 12th and most recent person to have stepped out onto the Moon. When they re-entered the lunar module Cernan stepped in last, and is therefore the last person to have walked on the Moon.

Alan Shepard was the oldest person to walk on the Moon, at age 47 years and 80 days. Charles Duke was the youngest, at age 36 years and 201 days.

Jim Lovell and Fred Haise were scheduled to walk on the Moon during the Apollo 13 mission, but the lunar landing was aborted following an explosion in the spacecraft service module en route to the Moon. Haise was again scheduled to walk on the Moon as commander of Apollo 19, but Apollo 18 and Apollo 19 were canceled on September 2, 1970.

Joe Engle had trained on the backup crew for Apollo 14 to explore the Moon with Cernan, but he was replaced by Schmitt on the primary crew for Apollo 17. Schmitt had previously been crewed with Apollo 12 Command Module pilot Dick Gordon in anticipation of Apollo 18, but Schmitt replaced Engle on Apollo 17 after the cancellation of Apollo 18 and Apollo 19, leaving Gordon as the last Apollo astronaut to train extensively for lunar exploration without ever landing on the Moon.

Apollo astronauts who flew to the Moon without landing
Besides the 12 people who have walked on the Moon, 12 more have flown to within 0.001 lunar distance of its surface. , two of them are alive with an average age of years. During each of the six missions with successful lunar landings, one astronaut remained in lunar orbit while the other two landed. In addition, the three-person crews of Apollo 8 and Apollo 10 also entered lunar orbit, and the crew of Apollo 13 looped around the Moon on a free-return trajectory.

All nine crewed missions to the Moon took place as part of the Apollo program over a period of just under four years, from 21 December 1968 to 19 December 1972. The 24 people who have flown to the Moon are the only people who have traveled beyond low Earth orbit.

Jim Lovell, John Young, and Eugene Cernan are the only three people to have flown to the Moon twice. Young and Cernan each set foot on it during their respective second lunar missions, while Lovell is the only person to have flown to the Moon twice without landing.

During Cernan's first lunar mission on Apollo 10, he tied the present record set by Bill Anders on Apollo 8 as the youngest person to fly to the Moon. Each was 35 years and 65 days old on his launch date and 35 years and 68 days old when he entered lunar orbit. The oldest person to fly to the Moon was Alan Shepard, who walked on its surface during the Apollo 14 mission. Shepard was 47 years and 74 days old on his launch date and 47 years and 78 days old when he entered lunar orbit.

Jim Lovell and Fred Haise were scheduled to walk on the Moon during the Apollo 13 mission, but the lunar landing was aborted following a major malfunction en route to the Moon. Haise was again scheduled to walk on the Moon as commander of Apollo 19, but Apollo 18 and Apollo 19 were canceled on September 2, 1970. Because of Apollo 13's free-return trajectory, Lovell, Swigert and Haise flew higher above the Moon's 180° meridian (opposite Earth) than anyone else has flown (254 km/158 mi). Coincidentally, due to the Moon's distance from Earth at the time, they simultaneously set the present record for humans' greatest distance from Earth, reaching an altitude of 400,171 km (248,655 mi) above sea level at 0:21 UTC on 15 April 1970.

Lunar activities
Armstrong descended the lunar module ladder and spoke his famous epigram, "That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind." He then went to work on collecting the contingency sample, which was a scoop of the lunar surface collected early in the mission in case there was an emergency. Armstrong took the TV camera off the lunar module and mounted it to a tripod. After that, Aldrin descended the ladder to join Armstrong. Aldrin egressed to the surface about nineteen minutes after Armstrong. They had some trouble planting the American flag into the lunar soil, but were able to secure it into the surface. Aldrin positioned himself in front of a video camera and began experimenting with different locomotion techniques on the surface. During these experiments, Armstrong and Aldrin received a phone call from President Nixon, congratulating them for the successful landing.

Aldrin then set to work documenting the condition of the spacecraft to ensure it was in proper condition for their upcoming launch. After setting up a couple of experiments with Armstrong, Aldrin went to work hammering a tube into the lunar surface to obtain a core sample. Aldrin's EVA ended when they loaded the lunar samples into the spacecraft and tossed out unneeded items, just before sealing the hatch. Armstrong performed the majority of the photography on the surface, which is why there are only five photos of him on the Moon.

Soon after piloting the LM Falcon to a landing at Hadley Rille, Scott accomplished the only stand-up EVA through the lander's top hatch, using it as a high place from which to refine the geology traverses he and Irwin would undertake during the following days. Scott became the first to drive a vehicle on the Moon as he drove the Lunar Roving Vehicle, more than doubling Apollo 14's EVA time. After the final traverse, back outside the LM, Scott performed a demonstration of Galileo's theory that all objects fall at the same rate in vacuum by dropping a hammer and a feather for the television camera.

Irwin came onto the lunar surface soon after his commander, Scott. As the LRV's first passenger, he had an often rough ride as Scott swerved to avoid craters. It was Irwin who, during the second EVA, first spotted the Genesis Rock and aided Scott in collecting this bit of the early lunar crust. A man of deep Christian religious faith, Irwin quoted from Psalms while on the lunar surface and later became an evangelist.

Apollo astronauts who never flew to the Moon
In addition to the nine lunar missions, there were two crewed flights in the Apollo program that remained in Earth orbit to test fly the spacecraft. Apollo 7 was a crewed test flight of the CSM, and Apollo 9 was a crewed flight test of the CSM and LEM. Of the six astronauts who participated in these missions, five were never rotated to a lunar mission. In addition, the three Skylab missions and Apollo-Soyuz Test Project used crewed CSMs in Earth orbit and are considered part of the Apollo Applications Project. Although Conrad, Bean, and Stafford commanded three of these four flights, the remaining crew members were rookies and thus had long missed the opportunity to fly a Moon mission. Of the seven rookies who flew Skylab, three of them (Paul J. Weitz, Owen K. Garriott, and Jack R. Lousma) would return to space aboard the Space Shuttle. Vance Brand flew on ASTP as Command Module Pilot and would command three Shuttle missions. Except for Garriott, all Apollo astronauts who also flew on the Shuttle served as commander.

 * Walter M. Schirra Jr. – Commander of Apollo 7.
 * Donn F. Eisele – Command Module Pilot of Apollo 7
 * R. Walter Cunningham – Lunar Module Pilot of Apollo 7
 * James A. McDivitt – Commander of Apollo 9
 * Russell L. "Rusty" Schweickart – Lunar Module Pilot of Apollo 9
 * Joseph P. Kerwin – Science Pilot of Skylab 2
 * Paul J. Weitz – Pilot of Skylab 2
 * Owen K. Garriott – Science Pilot of Skylab 3
 * Jack R. Lousma – Pilot of Skylab 3
 * Gerald P. Carr – Commander of Skylab 4
 * Edward G. Gibson – Science Pilot of Skylab 4
 * William R. Pogue – Pilot of Skylab 4
 * Vance D. Brand – Command Module Pilot of Apollo-Soyuz Test Project
 * Donald K. Slayton – Docking Module Pilot of Apollo-Soyuz Test Project

Astronauts who died during the Apollo Program
Three astronauts died on the ground while training for the first crewed Apollo mission, Apollo 1.

title: List of Apollo astronauts


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My Left Foot

My Left Foot: The Story of Christy Brown is a 1989 biographical comedy-drama film directed by Jim Sheridan (in his director debut) adapted by Sheridan and Shane Connaughton from the 1954 memoir of the same name by Christy Brown. A co-production of Ireland and the United Kingdom, it stars Daniel Day-Lewis as Brown, an Irish man born with cerebral palsy, who could control only his left foot. Brown grew up in a poor working-class family, and became a writer and artist. Brenda Fricker, Ray McAnally, Hugh O'Conor, Fiona Shaw, and Cyril Cusack are featured in supporting roles.

The film was theatrically released on 24 February 1989 to critical acclaim. Reviewers praised the film's screenplay and direction, its message, and especially the performances of Day-Lewis and Fricker. It was also a commercial success, grossing $14.7 million on a £600,000 budget. At the 62nd Academy Awards, the film received five nominations, including for the Best Picture, with Day-Lewis and Fricker winning Best Actor and Best Supporting Actress, respectively. In 2018, the British Film Institute ranked it as the 53rd greatest British film of the 20th century.

Plot
In 1932, Christy Brown is born into a Dublin family of 15. Doctors discover he has severe cerebral palsy. Christy is unable to walk or talk. He is loved and supported by his family, especially his mother. One day, Christy's mother trips down the stairs while in labour and Christy was the only person home to see it. He alerted some neighbours to help. Christy's father had never believed Christy would amount to anything, but becomes proud after witnessing him use his left foot, the only body part he can fully control, to write the word "mother" on the floor with a piece of chalk.

Consequently, Christy seeks a hobby in painting. The neighbourhood youngsters include him in their activities, like street football, but when he paints a picture and gives it to a girl he likes, she returns it. Later, his father loses his job and the family faces exceptionally difficult hardships, so Christy devises a plan to help his brothers steal coal to their mother's dismay. Christy's mother, who had been gradually gathering some savings in a tin in the fireplace, finally saves enough to buy him a wheelchair.

Christy is then introduced to Eileen Cole, who takes him to her school for cerebral palsy patients and persuades a friend of hers to hold an exhibition of his work. Christy falls in love with Cole, but when he learns during the dinner that she is engaged to be married, he considers suicide. His mother helps him build a private studio for himself, but soon afterward his father dies of a stroke, and during the wake Christy instigates a brawl. At this point, Christy starts writing his autobiography, My Left Foot. Cole returns and they resume their friendship. Later, Christy attends a charity event where he meets his handler, a nurse named Mary Carr. She begins reading his autobiography. He asks Mary to go out with him and they then happily leave the fete together.

Cast

 * Daniel Day-Lewis as Christy Brown, a man born with cerebral palsy
 * Hugh O'Conor as Young Christy Brown
 * Brenda Fricker as Bridget Fagan Brown, Christy's mother
 * Ray McAnally as Patrick Brown, Christy's father
 * Fiona Shaw as Eileen Cole, Christy's carer
 * Kirsten Sheridan as Sharon Brown, Christy's sister
 * Alison Whelan as Sheila Brown, Christy's sister
 * Eanna MacLiam as Benny Brown, Christy's brother
 * Declan Croghan as Tom Brown, Christy's brother
 * Marie Conmee as Sadie Brown, Christy's sister
 * Cyril Cusack as Lord Castlewelland
 * Phelim Drew as Brian Brown, Christy's brother
 * Eileen Colgan as Nan
 * Ruth McCabe as Mary Carr, Christy's handler and eventual wife
 * Adrian Dunbar as Peter, Cole's fiancé

Production
Day-Lewis became interested in the project when he read the opening scene, which features him, as Brown, using his left foot to place a phonograph record on a player and then placing a needle onto it so that it will play. He said of the scene: "I knew it couldn't be done... and that intrigued me." Many scenes were filmed through a mirror, as he could only manipulate his right foot to perform the actions seen in the film. He spent some time preparing for the film at Brown's alma mater in Dublin. He later returned there for a visit, with his Academy Award.

Day-Lewis was known for his extreme method acting, and insisted on staying in character during the production of the film, refusing to do anything that Brown could not do. This meant that members of the film crew had to move the actor around in a wheelchair, lift him over obstacles, and even feed him.

Critical response
My Left Foot received widespread critical acclaim.

Roger Ebert gave the film four out of four stars, writing: "My Left Foot is a great film for many reasons, but the most important is that it gives us such a complete picture of this man's life. It is not an inspirational movie, although it inspires. It is not a sympathetic movie, although it inspires sympathy. It is the story of a stubborn, difficult, blessed, and gifted man who was dealt a bad hand, who played it brilliantly, and who left us some good books, some good paintings and the example of his courage. It must not have been easy."

In 2015, The Hollywood Reporter polled hundreds of academy members, asking them to re-vote on past controversial decisions. Academy members indicated that, given a second chance, they would award the 1990 Academy Award for Best Picture to My Left Foot instead of Driving Miss Daisy.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: My Left Foot


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Avon, Ohio

Avon is a city in northeastern Lorain County, Ohio, United States. The population was 24,847 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Cleveland metropolitan area.

History
In the 17th century, what is now Avon, Avon Lake, Bay Village, and Westlake were all once one territory. This territory was inhabited by various Native American tribes, such as the Wyandots, Ottawas, and Eries, who lived in wigwams or simple-stone dwellings. They settled, traded, fought, and later forcibly moved elsewhere.

Township Number 7 in Range 16 of the Western Reserve received its first permanent American settlers during 1814 from Montgomery County, New York, led by Wilbur Cahoon. The township was administered by Dover township and was part of Cuyahoga County. In 1818, Township Number 7 was organized and named "Xeuma", then later renamed "Troy Township". In 1824, Lorain County was created, and the name of Troy Township was changed to Avon Township. An Avon post office was established in 1825. The entire township was incorporated into a village in 1917, and became the City of Avon in 1961.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 20.87 sqmi, of which 20.81 sqmi is land and 0.06 sqmi is covered by water.

2020 census
As of the census of 2020, Avon has a population of 24,847 people and 8,108 households with 2.81 persons per household. In terms of demographics, the population of Avon was 90.5% White, 4.9% African-American, 0.3% Native American, 2.4% Asian-American, 1.4% two or more races, and 2.9% Hispanic or Latino. Of the 24.847 people, 6.4% are under five-years-old, 30.3% are under 18, and 15.3% are 65 years old or older. In terms of gender, the population was recorded as 50.7% female. 96.7% of those residing in Avon who are 25 years old or older are high school graduates or higher and 53.7% of those aged 25 and older have a Bachelor's degree or a higher level of education.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, 21,193 people, 7,584 households, and 5,750 families resided in the city. The population density was 1018.4 PD/sqmi. There were 8,007 housing units at a density of 384.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 92.4% White, 2.3% African American, 0.1% Native American, 3.1% Asian, 0.7% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 3.4% of the population.

Of the 7,584 households, 42.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.2% were married couples living together, 7.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 24.2% were not families. About 20.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.76 and the average family size was 3.23.

The median age in the city was 38.4 years; 30.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.3% were from 25 to 44; 25.4% were from 45 to 64; and 12.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.4% male and 51.6% female.

Of the city's population over the age of 25, 49.4% hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, 11,446 people, 4,088 households, and 3,143 families lived in the city. The population density was 548.4 people per mi2 (211.8/km2). The 4,291 housing units averaged 205.6 per mi2 (79.4/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 97.02% White, 0.72% African American, 0.17% Native American, 1.03% Asian, 0.24% from other races, and 0.81% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 1.28% of the population.

Of 4,088 households, 37.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.7% were married couples living together, 6.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.1% were not families. About 19.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.15.

In the city, the population was distributed as 27.6% under the age of 18, 4.7% from 18 to 24, 31.5% from 25 to 44, 23.8% from 45 to 64, and 12.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $66,747, and for a family was $75,951. Males had a median income of $53,973 versus $31,660 for females. The per capita income for the city was $28,334. About 1.0% of families and 1.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.9% of those under age 18 and 2.5% of those age 65 or over.

Government
The city typically votes for the Republican Party in federal and state elections. In local elections, all candidates run without a party affiliation. Therefore, all city office holders are unaffiliated with a political party.

The city's leadership currently includes:

Education
Avon Local School District operates three elementary schools, one middle school, and Avon High School. Avon Middle School was named a Blue Ribbon recipient for 2020 by the United States Department of Education.

Avon has a public library, a branch of the Lorain Public Library. As of October 2022, this library is under construction to add 16,000 square feet to the existing library after receiving the funds necessary for such an expansion after passing in a levy in May 2020.

Notable people

 * Al "Bubba" Baker (born 1956), former NFL player
 * Jack Copeland (born in 1969) Former Football Quarterback for the Arizona Cardinals
 * Alfred Richard "Red" Barr, (1908-1971) long serving Hall of Fame Southern Methodist University Swimming Coach from 1947 through 1971
 * Gene Hickerson (1935–2008), professional football Hall of Fame
 * Luke S. Johnson (1847–1910), Civil War soldier and Michigan state representative
 * Chris Loschetter (born 1980), professional bowler on the PBA Tour
 * Alex Ramirez (born 1974), outfielder for Yomiuri Giants of Nippon Professional Baseball, two-time MVP winner
 * Harrison Williams (1873–1953), investor, entrepreneur, and multi-millionaire

title: Avon, Ohio


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Avon Lake, Ohio

Avon Lake is a city in northeastern Lorain County, Ohio, United States, located on the southern shore of Lake Erie about 17 mi west of Cleveland. The population was 25,206 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Cleveland metropolitan area.

History
Avon Lake was first settled in the 17th century and was, along with Avon, Bay Village, and Westlake, inhabited by the Erie. After the war with the Iroquois in 1656 ended the people were largely dispersed or integrated into Iroquois society. The area was then sparsely populated until the Lenape and Wyandot migrated into the area in 1700. The first European settlement in the area was founded in 1786 by Moravian missionaries. The Northwest Indian War resulted in the Indians in the area giving up all land East of Cuyahoga River in the Treaty of Greenville. Undoubtedly this was the start of European contact with the peoples in Avon Lake, who now found themselves in the Connecticut Western Reserve. Any remaining Indian claims to their land were removed after the 1818 Treaty of St. Mary’s.

Noah Davis, the first lakeshore dweller, arrived in Avon Lake in 1812 and lived in a three-sided cabin near the present-day intersection of Lake and Moore Roads for about a year. Wilbur Cahoon, the owner of the land, encountered Davis and moved farther south (on Davis' advice) in the French Creek precinct where it was not as marshy but more fitting for farming, in 1814. In 1818, Cuyahoga County drew new boundaries, splitting the former entity into two. The west part was Troy Township and the east part was Dover Township. Adam Miller and his family arrived in the following year, and the family has been here ever since. The Millers and others who followed mostly cleared land, sawed timber, and built ships in nearby Black River (eventually renamed Lorain), however Avon Lake's shorelines also had a number of sawmills and shipyards. In 1822, Lorain County was formed. Troy Township was renamed "Avon Township" by petition in 1824.

In 1915, Avon Lake separated from the rest of the Township of Avon to form the Township of Avon Lake. In 1960, Avon Lake was granted the status of a city. Avon Lake became a qualified Tree City USA as recognized by the National Arbor Day Foundation in 1993.

Geography
According to the 2010 census, the city has a total area of 11.13 sqmi, all land.

Avon Lake is located on Lake Erie.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 22,581 people, 8,900 households, and 6,321 families residing in the city. The population density was 2028.8 PD/sqmi. There were 9,411 housing units at an average density of 845.6 /sqmi.

There were 8,900 households, of which 34.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.0% were married couples living together, 8.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 29.0% were non-families. 25.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.05.

The median age in the city was 41.9 years. 26.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.3% were from 25 to 44; 30.9% were from 45 to 64; and 14.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.3% male and 51.7% female.

Of the city's population over the age of 25, 49.3% hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 18,145 people, 6,711 households, and 5,133 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,630.0 PD/sqmi. There were 6,934 housing units at an average density of 622.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 97.31% White, 0.45% African American, 0.16% Native American, 0.96% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.25% from other races, and 0.83% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.25% of the population.

There were 6,711 households, out of which 38.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.8% were married couples living together, 7.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.5% were non-families. 20.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.14.

In the city the population was spread out, with 28.9% under the age of 18, 5.0% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 25.0% from 45 to 64, and 11.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $65,988, and the median income for a family was $76,603 (these figures had risen to $78,703 and $98,309 respectively as of a 2007 estimate ). Males had a median income of $57,294 versus $32,458 for females. The per capita income for the city was $32,336. About 3.0% of families and 4.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.3% of those under age 18 and 7.3% of those age 65 or over.

Economy
Avon Lake is host to a number of industrial companies, including facilities for Lubrizol, Ford Motor Company, PolyOne Corporation, Western Enterprises, and Reliant Energy.

Recreation
Approximately 220 acres (0.9 km2) is designated for parks and playgrounds. Avon Lake operates six community parks: Bleser Park, Miller Road Park, Veterans Memorial Park, Weiss Field, Walker Road Park, and Bicentennial Park. Other neighborhood parks managed by the city include Belle Road Park, Inwood Park, Overlook Park, Resatar Park, and Sunset Park, each with adjoining bike trails to promote easy residential access and outdoor recreation. The city also operates the Ellen Trivanovich Aquatic Center, which was rebuilt in 2010. The new facility includes a splash ground, lazy river, regulation lanes, three water slides, and zero-depth entry. The facility is open to residents and guests of residents. The city enforces a curfew, for ages 12 and under: 10:00pm, for ages 13 to 15: 11:00pm, and for ages 16 to 17: 1:00am.

Education
All public schools in the city are a part of Avon Lake City Schools.

There are four public elementary schools:

 * Eastview Elementary School (Kindergarten - 4th grade)
 * Erieview Elementary School (Kindergarten - 4th grade)
 * Redwood Elementary School (Kindergarten - 4th grade)
 * Westview Elementary School (Kindergarten - 4th grade)

and three upper-level schools:

 * Troy Intermediate School (5th - 6th grade)
 * Learwood Middle School (7th - 8th grade)
 * Avon Lake High School (9th - 12th grade)

The district was awarded the status of Excellent with Distinction by the Ohio Department of Education for 8 years in a row. In 2015, Avon Lake High School was listed 170th in the country in Newsweek's Top 500 U.S. High Schools with a graduation rate of 100% and a 95.9% college-bound rate.

There is also a Catholic parochial school, St. Joseph's, that offers grades Kindergarten through 8.

Library
Avon Lake is home to Avon Lake Public Library. The library was first established in January 1931 by a Board of Trustees as appointed by the Avon Lake Village Council and mayor. The opening budget was $1,000 and the first book purchased for the collection was Penrod by Booth Tarkington. Today, the Avon Lake Public Library circulates over 620,000 items with a general fund of $2.9 million.

Notable people

 * Sandy Alomar Jr., first base coach and former catcher (Cleveland Indians).
 * Tom Batiuk, comic strip creator, best known for his long-running newspaper strip Funky Winkerbean.
 * Ed Bettridge, former linebacker for the Cleveland Browns.
 * Nathan Brannen, middle distance runner who competed at three Summer Olympics.
 * Jock Callander, Hockey Player (1978–2000) for the Pittsburgh Penguins (NHL), Cleveland Lumberjacks (IHL)
 * Joe Charboneau, former left fielder for the Cleveland Indians.
 * Larry Cox (Amnesty International), former executive director of Amnesty International USA.
 * Carmella DeCesare, Playboy Playmate of the Year 2004.
 * Anne E. DeChant, singer/songwriter/guitarist.
 * Zach D'Orazio, wide receiver for the New England Patriots.
 * Angela Funovits, mentalist/illusionist and star of NBC's Phenomenon.
 * Matt Ghaffari, wrestler who received a silver medal in the 1996 Summer Olympics.
 * Anthony Gonzalez, wide receiver for the Indianapolis Colts, U.S. Representative (R-Ohio, 16th District).
 * Jeremy Griffiths, former pitcher for the New York Mets and Houston Astros.
 * Travis Hafner, former designated hitter for the Cleveland Indians.
 * Tom Hamilton, radio play-by-play announcer for the Cleveland Guardians.
 * Žydrūnas Ilgauskas, former center for the Cleveland Cavaliers.
 * Jack Kahl, businessman who created the Duck Tape brand.
 * Emily Keener, singer and songwriter.
 * Bill Lenkaitis, center and guard for the San Diego Chargers and New England Patriots.
 * Matt Lundy, former member of the Ohio House of Representatives.
 * Brian Mihalik, former offensive tackle for the Detroit Lions and New York Giants.
 * Matt Ouimet, former CEO of the Cedar Fair Entertainment Company.
 * Andy Schillinger, former wide receiver for the Phoenix Cardinals.
 * Michael Symon, chef, restaurateur, television personality, and author.
 * Dick Tomanek, former pitcher for the Cleveland Indians.
 * Stephen Tompkins, artist, animator, and composer.
 * Matt Underwood, television play-by-play announcer for the Cleveland Guardians.
 * Daryl Urig, illustrator and painter.
 * Chuck Vinci, Olympic Gold Medalist in Weightlifting.

title: Avon Lake, Ohio


text:
Eaton Estates, Ohio

Eaton Estates is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lorain County, Ohio, United States. The population was 1,155 at the 2020 census.

Geography
Eaton Estates is located in eastern Lorain County in central Eaton Township. It is bordered to the south by the village of Grafton, to the east by unincorporated North Eaton, and to the northwest by the unincorporated hamlet of Eaton.

Ohio State Route 82 forms part of the northern boundary of the CDP, and State Route 83 forms the western boundary. SR 82 leads east 9 mi to Strongsville and west 3.5 mi to Brentwood Lake, while SR 83 leads north 5 mi to North Ridgeville and south 11 mi to Litchfield. Elyria, the Lorain county seat, is 7 mi to the northwest, and downtown Cleveland is 26 mi to the northeast.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the Eaton Estates CDP has a total area of 2.3 km2, of which 6851 sqm, or 0.30%, are water. Land in Eaton Estates drains to Willow Creek, a northwest-flowing tributary of the Black River, which flows north to Lake Erie at Lorain.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,409 people, 458 households, and 382 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,601.7 PD/sqmi. There were 470 housing units at an average density of 534.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.23% White, 0.43% African American, 0.14% Native American, 0.21% Asian, 0.21% from other races, and 0.78% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.28% of the population.

There were 458 households, out of which 40.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.5% were married couples living together, 13.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 16.4% were non-families. 14.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.08 and the average family size was 3.35.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 30.7% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 32.4% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 9.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.2 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $48,804, and the median income for a family was $51,027. Males had a median income of $31,768 versus $19,861 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $16,041. About 5.9% of families and 7.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.4% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

title: Eaton Estates, Ohio


text:
Elyria, Ohio

Elyria is a city in, and the county seat of, Lorain County, Ohio, United States, located at the forks of the Black River in Northeast Ohio 23 mi southwest of Cleveland. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 52,656. It is a principal city in the Cleveland metropolitan area. The city is home to Lorain County Community College.

Etymology
The city's name is derived from the surname of its founder, Heman Ely, and Illyria, the historical name used by ancient Greeks and Romans to refer to the western Balkans.

History
The village of Elyria was founded in 1817 by Heman Ely, who built a log house, dam, gristmill, and sawmill on the village's site along the Black River. Ely began to build more houses to accommodate European-American settlers migrating to what was, at that time, within Huron County, Ohio.

By the turn of the 20th century, Elyria was a town of about 8,000. In 1908, Elyria Memorial Hospital was built. In the first half of the 20th century, the town developed some manufacturing, as well as a range of retail businesses.

In August 1967, Midway Mall was opened. It changed the local economy by attracting local businesses from the town center or causing so much competition they went out of business. Industrial restructuring meant that good jobs left the area, and poverty increased. Three major car plant closings in the area led to economic stagnation and joblessness in the 1970s and 1980s that affected numerous communities. The region was nicknamed "the Rustbelt", suggesting the decline of its former industries.

In the 1990s, Elyria experienced a minor revival with construction of some new roads and housing. It serves as a residential, suburban "bedroom community" for Cleveland, where new businesses and industries are developing with an increase in new jobs.

In the 2000s and 2010s, companies like Bendix and 3M moved their operations elsewhere. To prepare for this, voters passed Issue 6 in March 2016. Issue 6 increased the city's income tax by 0.5%. It was used to pay for police, parks, and fiber-optic Internet in the city. With the reconstruction of State Route 57 on the city's northwest side by Midway Mall, traffic flow was improved.

Geography
Elyria is part of the Cleveland metropolitan area.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 20.84 sqmi, of which 20.57 sqmi is land and 0.27 sqmi is water.

The Black River flows through Elyria.

2020 census
As of the census of 2020, there were 52,656 people living in the city, for a population density of 2,562.59 people per square mile (989.42/km2). There were 24,904 housing units. The racial makeup of the city was 72.2% White, 14.7% Black or African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.8% Asian, 2.4% from some other race, and 9.6% from two or more races. 8.4% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 54,533 people, 22,400 households, and 14,093 families living in the city. The population density was 2651.1 PD/sqmi. There were 25,085 housing units at an average density of 1219.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 78.1% White, 15.5% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.8% Asian, 1.2% from other races, and 4.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.9% of the population.

There were 22,400 households, of which 31.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.5% were married couples living together, 17.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.1% were non-families. 30.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.97.

The median age in the city was 38.1 years. 24.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.7% were from 25 to 44; 26.8% were from 45 to 64; and 14.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.8% male and 52.2% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 55,953 people, 22,409 households, and 14,834 families living in the city. The population density was 2,813.7 PD/sqmi. There were 23,841 housing units at an average density of 1,198.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 81.3% White, 14.2% African American, 0.27% Native American, 0.61% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.95% from other races, and 2.64% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.78% of the population.

There were 22,409 households, out of which 31.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.4% were married couples living together, 15.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.8% were non-families. 28.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.6% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 30.2% from 25 to 44, 21.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $38,156, and the median income for a family was $45,846. Males had a median income of $34,898 versus $24,027 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,344. About 9.5% of families and 11.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.0% of those under age 18 and 7.5% of those age 65 or over.

Top employers
According to the city's 2021 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city were:

Parks and recreation
Elyria has a large number of parks and recreational centers that include a variety of activities such as baseball and playground equipment. The four recreational centers are named after their locations: North, East, South, and West. They each include one or more baseball fields and at least two tennis courts.

There are two main parks, Cascade and Elywood, which are connected by an elevated pedestrian bridge in the center.

Cascade Park
Cascade Park is the largest and most popular park in Elyria. The park is located in a ravine carved by the same glaciers that created the Great Lakes. Cascade park has a large playground and a large hill that was previously used for seating at the 4th of July fireworks show, and was a popular spot for sledding during winter months. The park is centered along the Black River.

The park used to have three captive black bears, held in cages attached to a rock. Bears were featured in the park from 1920 to 1980.

Transportation
Lorain County Transit is based in Elyria. Elyria is served by many highways, including U.S. Route 20, the Ohio Turnpike, I-90, and State Routes 2, 113, 301 and 57.

The general airport for Elyria and Lorain is the Lorain County Regional Airport (located in New Russia Township), and Cleveland Hopkins International Airport is the nearest major airport. The Elyria Amtrak Station provides train transportation. Greyhound bus service is also available in the city.

Healthcare
Elyria is served by University Hospitals Elyria Medical Center.

Education
Elyria's schools including Elyria High School. The Elyria City School District consisted at one time two high schools, five junior high schools, nine elementary schools, and one kindergarten school. Elyria is also home to Elyria Catholic High School. In 2010, Elyria High School was torn down for plans to build a new one. The building was fully completed during the 2012–2013 school year. Elyria is also home to the Open Door Christian School.

Notable people

 * Sherwood Anderson, writer, lived here as business owner in early 1900s
 * Wayne Barlow, composer (1912–1996)
 * Alonzo Barnard (1817–1905), Presbyterian missionary and abolitionist
 * Tianna Bartoletta, track and field athlete
 * Dwight Boyer, maritime reporter and historical journalist
 * Keefe Brasselle, actor, title role of 1953 movie The Eddie Cantor Story
 * Joseph M. Bryan, insurance executive and philanthropist
 * Thelma Drake, politician
 * Arthur Lovett Garford, padded bicycle seat inventor and automobile manufacturer
 * Nahum Ball Gates, Colonel and city mayor
 * Doug Gillard, musician and songwriter, lead guitarist for Guided by Voices
 * Vic Janowicz, former baseball and football player, 1950 Heisman Trophy winner
 * Tony Curcillo, First Ohio State University quarterback under Woody Hayes
 * Herbert Fisk Johnson Sr., CEO of S. C. Johnson & Son
 * Samuel Curtis Johnson Sr., founder of S. C. Johnson & Son
 * Anodea Judith, author, therapist, public speaker and expert on Chakra system
 * James Kirkwood Jr., playwright, author and actor, lived here during childhood
 * Eric Lauer, baseball player
 * Lila Lee (1905–1973), actress from silent era; buried in Brookdale Cemetery in Elyria
 * Robert Edwin Lee, playwright and lyricist
 * Brianne McLaughlin, attended Elyria Catholic High School, ice hockey goaltender
 * Les Miles, former LSU Tigers head football coach
 * Haruki Nakamura, professional football player
 * Danny Noble, professional football player for Tampa Bay Buccaneers
 * Dav Pilkey, author of children's books
 * Tim Rattay, professional football player
 * Clayton Rawson, mystery writer, editor, and amateur magician
 * Charles Roser, real estate developer, businessman and philanthropist
 * Gary R. Stevenson, sports media executive
 * Chad Szeliga, drummer for Breaking Benjamin
 * Textbeak, DJ and record producer
 * Steve Tovar, professional football player
 * Charles Vinci Jr., weightlifter, Olympic champion in 1956
 * Mark Winger, convicted murderer
 * Norma Jean Wright, former lead singer for band Chic
 * Victoria Wells Wulsin, doctor and international epidemiologist

title: Elyria, Ohio


text:
Grafton, Ohio

Grafton is a village in Lorain County, Ohio, United States, along the East Branch of the Black River. The population was 5,895 at the 2020 census. The Lorain Correctional Institution and several other prisons are located in and near Grafton.

History
Grafton was platted in 1846 when the railroad was extended to that point. The village's name may be a transfer from Grafton, Massachusetts.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 4.74 sqmi, of which 4.71 sqmi is land and 0.03 sqmi is water.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 6,636 people, 965 households, and 726 families living in the village. The population density was 1408.9 PD/sqmi. There were 1,008 housing units at an average density of 214.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 65.0% White, 32.7% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 1.2% from other races, and 0.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.3% of the population.

There were 965 households, of which 37.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.0% were married couples living together, 13.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 24.8% were non-families. 20.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.07.

The median age in the village was 36.2 years. 10.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 13.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 43.9% were from 25 to 44; 26.3% were from 45 to 64; and 5.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 79.7% male and 20.3% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,302 people, 832 households, and 643 families living in the village. The population density was 510.0 PD/sqmi. There were 853 housing units at an average density of 189.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.83% White, 0.52% African American, 0.35% Native American, 0.26% Asian, 0.22% from other races, and 0.83% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.74% of the population.

There were 832 households, out of which 38.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.7% were married couples living together, 12.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.6% were non-families. 19.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.77 and the average family size was 3.17.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 28.2% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 30.5% from 25 to 44, 23.2% from 45 to 64, and 10.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 93.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.4 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $52,446, and the median income for a family was $60,139. Males had a median income of $40,833 versus $26,732 for females. The per capita income for the village was $19,584. About 0.7% of families and 2.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.8% of those under age 18 and 4.0% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Ryan Feierabend, MLB player
 * Eric Lauer, MLB player
 * Ed McKean, MLB player

title: Grafton, Ohio


text:
Kipton, Ohio

Kipton is a village in Lorain County, Ohio, United States. The population was 209 at the 2020 census.

History
Kipton was platted around 1852 by Wm.W.Whitney in anticipation of a new railroad route being laid out through his farm. He initially named his new village "Binghamton", in honor of his former home of Binghamton, NY. However, the name "Camden Station" would instead be used until 1862, when its name was changed to "Kipton Station" (and later becoming known simply as 'Kipton').

For many years, Kipton continued as a stop along the Southern Division of the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railroad; however, the line was abandoned and pulled up in 1976. This former railroad route is now a part of a rail trail, the North Coast Inland Trail.

Kipton was the site of a famous train wreck on April 18, 1891, which was caused by railroad engineers' watches not being in sync; and led to the adoption of stringent quality-control standards for railroad chronometers in 1893. An Ohio Historical marker in Kipton Community Park notes the details of the collision.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.45 sqmi, of which 0.44 sqmi is land and 0.01 sqmi is water.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 243 people, 102 households, and 72 families living in the village. The population density was 552.3 PD/sqmi. There were 108 housing units at an average density of 245.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.1% White, 0.8% from other races, and 2.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.5% of the population.

There were 102 households, of which 25.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.9% were married couples living together, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 29.4% were non-families. 24.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.79.

The median age in the village was 42.8 years. 19.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.9% were from 25 to 44; 32.5% were from 45 to 64; and 15.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 54.7% male and 45.3% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 265 people, 105 households, and 76 families living in the village. The population density was 573.2 PD/sqmi. There were 108 housing units at an average density of 233.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.49% White, 0.75% African American, and 0.75% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.38% of the population.

There were 105 households, out of which 32.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.1% were married couples living together, 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.7% were non-families. 22.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 2.92.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.9% under the age of 18, 9.8% from 18 to 24, 31.7% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 13.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 113.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 109.5 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $48,182, and the median income for a family was $44,375. Males had a median income of $46,250 versus $22,188 for females. The per capita income for the village was $19,499. About 2.4% of families and 4.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.3% of those under the age of eighteen and 7.7% of those 65 or over.

title: Kipton, Ohio


text:
LaGrange, Ohio

LaGrange is a village in Lorain County, Ohio, United States. The population was 2,595 at the 2020 census.

The village derives its name from Château de la Grange-Bléneau, the French home of Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, an officer in the American Revolutionary War.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 2.01 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 2,103 people, 726 households, and 569 families living in the village. The population density was 1046.3 PD/sqmi. There were 789 housing units at an average density of 392.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 96.6% White, 0.4% African American, 0.7% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.4% from other races, and 1.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.9% of the population.

There were 726 households, of which 40.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.9% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 21.6% were non-families. 17.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.07.

The median age in the village was 41.4 years. 25.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.5% were from 25 to 44; 29.4% were from 45 to 64; and 14.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 48.5% male and 51.5% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,815 people, 618 households, and 501 families living in the village. The population density was 1,031.9 PD/sqmi. There were 648 housing units at an average density of 368.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.19% White, 0.72% African American, 0.28% Native American, 0.17% Asian, 0.33% from other races, and 1.32% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.21% of the population.

There were 618 households, out of which 45.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.8% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.9% were non-families. 14.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.94 and the average family size was 3.25.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 32.1% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 33.3% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 6.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 94.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $50,750, and the median income for a family was $55,179. Males had a median income of $41,591 versus $26,302 for females. The per capita income for the village was $19,465. About 3.6% of families and 6.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.4% of those under age 18 and 11.5% of those age 65 or over.

Statue
Sherman's Circle, downtown LaGrange, is owned and maintained by LaGrange Township Trustees, and includes a tribute statue to the Union soldiers of the Civil War. On June 28, 2022, the statue of General Sherman, that stood for nearly 120 years in the town square, was struck by a truck and taken down at around 2:30 a.m.

Notable people

 * Dorothy Maguire - professional baseball player
 * Robert E. McKisson - Republican politician and former mayor of Cleveland, Ohio

title: LaGrange, Ohio


text:
Lorain, Ohio

Lorain is a city in Lorain County, Ohio, United States. It is located in Northeast Ohio on Lake Erie at the mouth of the Black River, about 25 mi west of Cleveland. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 65,211, making it Ohio's ninth-largest city, the third-largest in Greater Cleveland, and the largest in Lorain County by population.

History
According to local government records, the city began as an unincorporated village established before 1834 as “Black River Village”, and was renamed in 1837 as "Charleston." According to 19th-century historians, the new name was rejected by its own citizens, who continued to use Black River Village. The village was incorporated as Lorain in 1874 and became a city in 1896. The first mayor was Conrad Reid, who took office on April 6, 1874. The municipal boundaries incorporated most of the former Black River Township judicial boundaries, and portions of the Sheffield Township, Amherst Township, and Brownhelm Township judicial borders.

1924 tornado
The 1924 Lorain–Sandusky tornado hit the city on Saturday, June 28, 1924. The tornado formed over the Sandusky Bay during the late afternoon hours and hit Sandusky, where it killed eight people and destroyed 100 homes and 25 businesses. After moving east over Lake Erie for several miles, the tornado then struck Lorain, killing 72. Among the dead were 15 people inside a collapsed theater, which makes it the worst tornado-related death toll from a single building in Ohio. Eight people were also killed inside the Bath House near the location where the tornado came onshore.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 24.14 sqmi, of which 23.67 sqmi is land and 0.47 sqmi is water.

Demographics
As of the 2020 United States census, Lorain had a population of 65,211. Of which, 49.4% were non-hispanic White, 29.2% were Hispanic/Latino, 15.2% non-hispanic Black, 0.4% Asian, 0.2% Native American or Pacific Islander, and 5.6% mixed or other.

As of the census of 2010, there were 64,097 people, 25,529 households, and 16,368 families living in the city. The population density was 2707.9 PD/sqmi. There were 29,144 housing units at an average density of 1231.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 67.9% White, 17.6% African American, 0.5% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 8.3% from other races, and 5.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 25.2% of the population, over 19% is made up of Puerto Ricans.

There were 25,529 households, of which 33.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.1% were married couples living together, 21.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 35.9% were non-families. 30.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.09.

The median age in the city was 36.8 years. 26.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.6% were from 25 to 44; 26% were from 45 to 64; and 13.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.5% male and 52.5% female.

Economy
Lorain has a deindustrialized economy and was home to the American Ship Building Company Lorain Yard, Ford Motor Company Lorain Assembly Plant, and United States Steel Corporation's steel mill on the city's south side. The city faces many similar issues to other Rust Belt cities, including population decline and urban decay. Poverty in the city is above the national average at 26.2%, lower than Cleveland's 36%. but higher than neighboring Elyria's 22.2%

CenturyTel of Ohio is based in Lorain.

Top employers
According to the city's 2013 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are:

Arts and culture
The Lorain International Festival is an annual summer festival featuring a pageant.

The Lorain Palace Theatre opened in 1928 and continues operating.

Parks and recreation
There are 51 parks managed by the city parks and recreation department, a total of 583 acres.

Lakeview Park
Lakeview Park is bisected by West Erie Avenue, with the northern section being managed by the Lorain County Metro Parks and the southern by the city. The park was established in 1917 under Mayor Leonard M. Moore as a way of providing more publicly-accessible space on the lakefront.

The park features a beach, rose garden, various recreational facilities, bathhouse, concession stand, several gazebos and picnic shelters, and lawn bowling.

There is a sculpture shaped as an Easter basket built in 1935 with local Amherst sandstone, and dedicated on April 3, 1941, as the "floral basket". Traditionally, families in Lorain, in celebration of Easter, take an annual photo at the basket.

The rose garden was dedicated in 1932, and has 2,500 roses in 48 beds. The shape of the garden, a wheel with eight spokes, is the Rotary International emblem in honor of the 17 community organizations that funded the garden initially, including the Lorain Rotary. The garden was restored in 2005 and roses are planted to honor and commemorate those that had ties to the community or garden itself in city history.

Government
The Lorain municipal government is a Mayor-Council structure, and operates as a statutory city under the laws and regulations set by the Ohio Constitution, making it one of the largest Ohio cities to operate without a charter. The City of Lorain operates on a ward-based system. Elected positions include the mayor, eleven City Council members, the Council President, Auditor, Treasurer, Law Director, Clerk of Courts, and two judges.

The mayor functions as the chief of the executive branch, with job duties including: determining city laws, spurring economic development, planning and administering city projects, delivering city services, negotiating city contracts, and budgeting. As of January 1, 2020, Jack Bradley is mayor.

The City Council consists of 11 members; eight members are elected by ward and three members are elected at-large, with one council member presiding as the President of Council. The Lorain City Council responsibilities include: determining the salary of city officials and employees, enacting ordinances and resolutions of city services, enacts tax levies, appropriating and borrowing money, licensing, regulating business, commerce, and other municipal duties. Council members serve two-year terms. Through the City Budget, the City Council directly controls the operation of the planning, zoning, street construction, maintenance and repair, water and sewer services, municipal court services, and general administrative services.

Politics
Politics in the city have traditionally been closely tied to the local Democratic Party.

On the State level, Lorain is represented by State Senator Nathan Manning (R-North Ridgeville) of Ohio Senate District 13, and by State Representative Joe Miller (D-Amherst) of Ohio House District 53.

On the Federal level, all of Lorain is represented in the United States House of Representatives by Republican U.S. Representative Bob Latta of OH's 5th congressional district. Lorain is represented in the United States Senate by Democratic U.S. Senator Sherrod Brown and Republican U.S. Senator J. D. Vance.

Voter turnout for the 2016 presidential election in Lorain was 24,198 out of a registered 40,885 voters, a voter turnout rate of 59.19%. Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton captured 15,192 votes, or 62.78%; Republican candidate Donald Trump captured 7,584 votes, or 31.34%; Independent candidate Gary Johnson captured 613 votes, or 2.53%; Green candidate Jill Stein captured 222 votes, or 0.92%. Other candidates had marginal amounts of write-in votes; additionally, it is possible that some voters did not select a presidential candidate when casting their ballot.

Education
Lorain City School District operates ten elementary schools, three middle schools, and Lorain High School.

Lorain is served by the Lorain Public Library System.

Media
Lorain is the city of license for CW station WUAB, channel 43, which has its studios and offices in Cleveland along with Shaker Heights-licensed WOIO.

Transportation
Lorain primarily has a local street network with four state highways maintained by the Ohio Department of Transportation and one U.S. route. There are no interstate highways that pass through the city limits. Public transit is provided by Lorain County Transit, which operates two fixed-route bus lines. Norfolk Southern Railway operates a freight railroad running parallel to the Lake Erie shoreline.

Public transit
Lorain County Transit operates two fixed-route bus lines in Lorain: Route 1 and Route 2. Route 1 is a 34-stop bus route connecting Meridian Plaza in downtown Lorain to the LifeSkills Center in Elyria, operating one bus in each direction every two hours. Similarly, Route 2 operates every two hours and serves 36 stops, connecting the same points as Route 1.

Highways

 * U.S. Route 6 runs east–west along Erie Avenue, crossing the northern section of the City along the Lake Erie shoreline. U.S.-6 enters the city in the east from Sheffield Lake and continues west to Vermilion.
 * Ohio State Route 2 briefly runs east–west through city limits at the Broadway Avenue/Middle Ridge Road Diamond interchange (exit 166).
 * Ohio State Route 57 generally runs north–south, starting in the north at the intersection of Erie Avenue and Broadway Avenue. SR-57 runs south along Broadway until 28th Street, where the route then turns east and crosses South Lorain along the southern border of the steel mill. SR-57 turns south on Grove Avenue and continues south toward Elyria.
 * Ohio State Route 58 runs north–south, starting in the north at the intersection of Erie Avenue and North Leavitt Road and continuing south toward Amherst.
 * Ohio State Route 611 runs east–west, starting in the west at the partial interchange of Erie Avenue and West 21st Street and continuing east until Colorado Avenue, where it turns east and continues toward Sheffield Village.

Bridges
There are three bridges that cross the Black River in the Lorain Harbor; two of these bridges are for motor vehicles and pedestrians and one is for rail transport only. The two motor vehicle/pedestrian bridges are the Charles Berry Bridge and the Lofton Henderson Memorial Bridge.These two bridges, formerly known as the Erie Avenue Bridge and 21st Street Bridge, respectively, opened on October 12, 1940. At the time of opening, they were coined the "Twin Bridges."

The Charles Berry Bridge is a double-leaf 1,052 ft bascule bridge; of the total length, 333 ft are the bascule span. At the time of construction, the bridge was the largest bascule bridge in the world and is now often credited as the second-largest in the world. Annually, the Charles Berry Bridge has an average of 700 openings.

The rail bridge, historically known as the 11th Street Bridge, is a single-track vertical-lift truss bridge operated by the Norfolk-Southern Railway and constructed in 1974.

Police
The Lorain Police Department was established in 1853 and has 113 police officers and 34 civilian employees.

Notable people

 * Terry Anderson, journalist and former Lebanese hostage
 * Dimitra Arliss, actress
 * Don Barden, Detroit businessman, Lorain's first black city councilman
 * Charles J. Berry, Corporal, recipient of the Medal of Honor during World War II
 * Rashod Berry, Professional Football Player
 * Martha Chase, geneticist, died in Lorain in 2003
 * Michael Dirda, Pulitzer Prize–winning book critic
 * Stevan Dohanos, artist
 * Ruth Anna Fisher, historian and teacher
 * Ralph Flanagan, big band leader, pianist, composer, and arranger
 * Gerald Freedman, theatre director, librettist, and lyricist, and a college dean
 * Robert Galambos, researcher who discovered how bats use echolocation
 * Quincy Gillmore, general
 * Diane Grob Schmidt, 2015 president of the American Chemical Society
 * Ellen Hanley, singer
 * William Hanley, author
 * Raymont Harris, NFL running back
 * Lofton R. Henderson, US Marine Corps major, a hero of the Battle of Midway
 * Anthony Hitchens, college and NFL linebacker
 * JoBea Way Holt, planetary scientist
 * Ross Kananga, stuntman and actor
 * Ernest J. King, Chief of Naval Operations and Fleet Admiral of the U.S. Atlantic Fleet in World War II
 * Mary Lawrence, film and television actress
 * Ray Lawrence, bandleader, record company executive, record producer and personal manager
 * Samuel Little, serial killer
 * Marie McMillin, aviator, world record parachutist and member of Women's Army Corps
 * Sam McPheeters, singer of Born Against
 * Jason Molina, singer-songwriter
 * Toni Morrison, Nobel Prize laureate author
 * Chad Muska, professional skateboarder
 * Don Novello, aka Father Guido Sarducci, comedian featured on Saturday Night Live
 * Robert F. Overmyer, colonel in the United States Marine Corps, test pilot and astronaut
 * Martha Piper, former chancellor and president of the University of British Columbia
 * Helen Steiner Rice, author and poet
 * Pam Robinson, co-founder of the American Copy Editors Society
 * Paige Summers, pornographic actress & model
 * Ward Van Orman, three-time winner of the Gordon Bennett Race
 * Vince Villanucci, NFL player
 * Bruce Weigl, prize-winning poet
 * Matt Wilhelm, Former football player and broadcaster
 * Johnnie E. Wilson, US Army four-star general

In popular culture
Lorain is the setting for Lorain-born Toni Morrison's first novel, The Bluest Eye, where she writes:"In that young and growing Ohio town whose side streets, even, were paved with concrete, which sat on the edge of a calm blue lake, which boasted an affinity with Oberlin, the underground railroad station, just thirteen miles away, this melting pot on the lip of America facing the cold but receptive Canada—What could go wrong?"

title: Lorain, Ohio


text:
North Ridgeville, Ohio

North Ridgeville is a city located along the eastern border of Lorain County, Ohio, United States. The city's population was 35,280 as of the 2020 census. A part of the Cleveland metropolitan area, North Ridgeville is the fastest-growing city in northern Ohio. It has been ranked the 13th safest city in the United States and the safest in Ohio.

Located 8 mi from Cleveland Hopkins International Airport, and 18 mi west of downtown Cleveland, North Ridgeville is the third-largest city in Lorain County and the 37th most populous city in Ohio. North Ridgeville is home to a 350,000 square foot Riddell Sports Group production and distribution center, where National Football League and NCAA helmets and pads are produced. It is also home to a campus of Lorain County Community College and a branch of University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center.

History
The first settlement of what is now North Ridgeville was made in 1810. The village was named for a ridge near the original town site.

The former North Ridgeville Town Hall and Samuel C. Cahoon House are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 23.58 sqmi, of which 23.44 sqmi is land and 0.14 sqmi is water.

The city of North Ridgeville has a post office, with the zip code of 44039. This zip code covers most of the city. Some sections of the city use zip codes 44035, 44011 and 44044..

Located in eastern Lorain County, it borders the following municipalities and townships:
 * Avon, Lorain County - north
 * Westlake, Cuyahoga County - northeast
 * North Olmsted, Cuyahoga County - east
 * Olmsted Township, Cuyahoga County - southeast
 * Columbia Township, Lorain County - southeast corner
 * Eaton Township, Lorain County - south
 * Elyria, Lorain County - west
 * Sheffield, Lorain County - northwest corner

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 29,465 people, 11,500 households, and 8,486 families residing in the city. The population density was 1257.0 PD/sqmi. There were 12,109 housing units at an average density of 516.6 /mi2. The racial makeup of the city was 95.0% White, 1.5% African American, 0.2% Native American, 1.2% Asian, 0.6% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.3% of the population.

There were 11,500 households, of which 32.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.3% were married couples living together, 8.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 26.2% were non-families. 21.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 2.97.

The median age in the city was 40.7 years. 23.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.1% were from 25 to 44; 28.9% were from 45 to 64; and 15% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.1% male and 50.9% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 22,338 people, 8,356 households, and 6,434 families residing in the city. The population density was 369.1 /km2. There were 8,587 housing units at an average density of 141.9 /km2. The racial makeup of the city was 96.36% White, 0.86% African American, 0.21% Native American, 0.92% Asian, 0.49% from other races, and 1.15% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.99% of the population.

There were 8,356 households, out of which 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.1% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.0% were non-families. 19.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.05.

In the city the population was spread out, with 24.4% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 30.6% from 25 to 44, 27.3% from 45 to 64, and 10.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $54,482, and the median income for a family was $61,621. Males had a median income of $42,634 versus $27,379 for females. The per capita income for the city was $22,971. About 2.3% of families and 3.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.2% of those under age 18 and 5.0% of those age 65 or over.

Arts and culture
North Ridgeville is home to the North Ridgeville Corn Festival. The history started when the Bicentennial Committee for the City of North Ridgeville was formed in 1975 to celebrate the upcoming United States bicentennial in 1976. The first festival ran six hours and featured 13 booths around the North Ridgeville Middle School track. The proceeds were donated to the library to assist with the cost of relocating it from the old Lawson's store area the Olde Town Hall building across the street. The next year, in 1976, in addition to celebrating the bicentennial, the festival was held in honor Harold Sweet, a sweet corn grower in North Ridgeville, for all that he did for the youth and citizens of the city. The proceeds from this festival were donated to purchase trees for the then new Bainbridge Extension, along with two bicentennial flags for City Hall. The Bicentennial Committee was renamed the North Ridgeville Corn Festival Committee in 1977.

Parks and recreation

 * Sandy Ridge Reservation
 * South Central Park
 * Frontier Park
 * Palmer Field
 * Shady Drive Complex
 * Soccer Complex
 * Victory Park Ohio

Education
North Ridgeville has a public library, a branch of the Lorain Public Library.

Public schools
The North Ridgeville City School District is managed by a directly elected school board. The district was given a mediocre report card by the Ohio Department of Education for the years 2015–16. It had a grade of F for "Gap Closing" as well as "K-3 Literacy", while receiving a B for "Graduation Rate".

Public primary and intermediate schools include:
 * Early Childhood Learning Community, on Mills Creek Ln. (Pre-K thru K)
 * Liberty Elementary School, on Jaycox Rd. (1–2)
 * North Ridgeville Academic Center, on Bainbridge Rd. (3–8)

There is also the Ranger High Tech Academy for STEM students grades 2 through 12.

Public high schools include:
 * North Ridgeville High School (NRHS), on Bainbridge Road and Pitts Boulevard.
 * Lorain County Joint Vocational School, located in Oberlin, on OH-SR 58 South.

In November 2013, the citizens of North Ridgeville passed a bond issue for the replacement of the North Ridgeville Middle School, Elizabeth Wilcox Elementary, and the Rangers Stadium. The new Rangers Stadium was completed by mid-2016, the inaugural football game took place on September 2, 2016. The North Ridgeville Academic Center, for grades 3–8, and the new stadium has been constructed on the property adjacent to the current North Ridgeville High School, on Bainbridge Road.

Private schools
Private schools include:
 * Saint Peter School, Grades K-8.
 * Lake Ridge Academy, Grades K-12.

Higher education
Lorain County Community College, which is based in nearby Elyria, operates the University Partnership Ridge Campus in eastern North Ridgeville, adjacent to Interstate 480.

Transportation
North Ridgeville is served by many highways, including I-80 (Ohio Turnpike), the Outerbelt South Freeway Interstate 480 (Ohio), U.S. Route 20, Ohio State Route 10, Ohio State Route 83, and Ohio State Route 113.

Notable people

 * Joe Charboneau, baseball player for the Cleveland Indians
 * Charles O. Hobaugh, astronaut
 * Martin Mull, actor and musician
 * Dav Pilkey, author of Dog Man and Captain Underpants
 * Don Pope, third-place finisher in the 2006 World's Strongest Man competition

title: North Ridgeville, Ohio