text:
Fort Johnson South, Louisiana

Fort Johnson South is a census-designated place (CDP) in Vernon Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 11,000 at the 2000 census.

Fort Johnson South is the larger principal city of the Fort Johnson South-DeRidder CSA, a Combined Statistical Area that includes the Fort Johnson South (Vernon Parish) and DeRidder (Beauregard Parish) micropolitan areas, which had a combined population of 85,517 at the 2000 census.

Geography
Fort Johnson South is located at 31.04694°N, -93.21111°W (31.047003, -93.211213).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 6.2 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 11,000 people, 2,383 households, and 2,175 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,785.9 PD/sqmi. There were 2,864 housing units at an average density of 465.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 58.8% White, 27.7% African American, 0.9% Native American, 2.2% Asian, 0.5% Pacific Islander, 5.3% from other races, and 4.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11.7% of the population.

There were 2,383 households, out of which 72.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 82.8% were married couples living together, 6.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 8.7% were non-families. 8.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and none had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.45 and the average family size was 3.63.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 33.0% under the age of 18, 29.3% from 18 to 24, 35.9% from 25 to 44, 1.7% from 45 to 64, and 0.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 22 years. For every 100 females, there were 152.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 181.3 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $32,993, and the median income for a family was $33,463. Males had a median income of $20,855 versus $17,776 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $12,176. About 8.7% of families and 10.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.1% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Tiffany Hayes (b. 1989), WNBA player for the Atlanta Dream

title: Fort Johnson South, Louisiana


text:
Hornbeck, Louisiana

Hornbeck is a town in Vernon Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 480 at the 2010 census, up from 435 in 2000. It is part of the Fort Johnson South Micropolitan Statistical Area.

History
As early as the 1830s people settled in the area now known as Hornbeck, but a town didn’t begin to form until 1897, when an agent for the Arkansas Town Site Company named F.A. Hornbeck purchased land along the Kansas City Southern Railroad (KCS) for $8,640. Structures necessary for servicing locomotives were constructed as well as a brick kiln to supply bricks for construction.

In 1897, the first Post Office opened in the area with Walter Carey as the first postmaster and later that same year he was succeeded by D.B. Pate.

The first public school in Hornbeck opened in 1898, with Miss Fannie Monk and W.L. Ford serving as the primary and grammar school teachers. The first secondary school opened in 1907 with G.S. Graybeal serving as its principal, then in 1910 the school became an affiliated high school.

On October 21, 1902, Governor William Wright Heard issued a proclamation declaring that Section 16, Township 4, North Range 10 West was incorporated as Hornbeck; with W.M. Conerly appointed mayor and G.G. Leach, W.L. Maddox and John Carter appointed aldermen; W. Johnson became the town marshal.

Kansas City Southern Railroad established a presence in Hornbeck with the construction of the roundhouse, which allowed for the servicing of engines. The presence of the roundhouse contributed to making Hornbeck a significant junction between Port Arthur, Texas and Shreveport as well as providing an abundance of jobs and influencing the town’s growth. The early twentieth century was a prosperous time for Hornbeck with both the timber and railroad industries having an established presence in the area. Hornbeck became a bustling little town, with a bank, a newspaper, five hotels, five saloons and ten retail stores.

In 1912, KCS decided to move the roundhouse to Leesville; this decision was disastrous for Hornbeck’s economy, with the town surviving on the timber, turpentine and farming industries for nearly two more decades. However, when the Great Depression hit in late 1929 it caused the timber and turpentine industries to collapse and brought an abrupt end to Hornbeck’s prosperity.

In the 1940s the Department of War established Camp Polk and conducted what became known as the “Louisiana Maneuvers.” The location of Camp Polk in Vernon Parish helped to stimulate Hornbeck’s economy as well as that of the entire region, especially Vernon Parish.

In the 1960s, with the construction of Toledo Bend Reservoir on the Sabine River, Hornbeck gained an asset and started promoting itself as the “Gateway” to Toledo Bend.

Today, Hornbeck has maintained modest growth, with its elected officials taking a pro-active approach to economic development. On October 21, 2002, Hornbeck celebrated its 100th anniversary.

Geography
Hornbeck is located at 31.32583°N, -93.39583°W (31.325937, -93.395945).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.2 sqmi, all land.

Notable people

 * Bryan A. Poston, a Hornbeck businessman, was a member of the Louisiana State Senate from 1964-1992. He succeeded his father, Charles M. Poston, Sr., who held the same seat from 1960-1964. Both were Democrats.
 * Frank A. Howard, a former Vernon Parish Sheriff, has been representing the 24th district in the Louisiana House of Representatives since his election in 2007.
 * William H. West was a member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from 1978 to 1984.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 435 people, 181 households, and 121 families residing in the town. The population density was 372.9 PD/sqmi. There were 227 housing units at an average density of 194.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 94.02% White, 2.30% African American, 2.07% Native American, 0.23% Pacific Islander, 0.23% from other races, and 1.15% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.69% of the population.

There were 181 households, out of which 28.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.7% were married couples living together, 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.6% were non-families. 31.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.1% under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 27.4% from 25 to 44, 21.6% from 45 to 64, and 15.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 80.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.1 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $25,446, and the median income for a family was $33,036. Males had a median income of $27,750 versus $17,000 for females. The per capita income for the town was $11,237. About 13.2% of families and 14.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.7% of those under age 18 and 29.9% of those age 65 or over.

Government
Founded in 1897 and incorporated in 1902, Hornbeck is the northernmost community in Vernon Parish. The first town government was appointed by Governor William Wright Heard in 1902 and consisted of a Mayor, 3 Aldermen and a Town Marshal. Today Hornbeck's government (mayor-council system) consists of a Mayor, four councilmen and one councilwoman and a Chief of Police.

Under the mayor-council government, the mayor serves as the executive officer of the town. As the town's chief administrator and official representative, the mayor is responsible for the general management of the town and for seeing that all laws and ordinances are enforced via the Chief of Police.

Education
Hornbeck is a part of the Vernon Parish School District headquartered in Leesville and has been home to Hornbeck High School, the only public school in the community, since 1898. In 1910, Hornbeck High School became an affiliated high school, although on the school's crest it bears the date 1913.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Hornbeck, Louisiana


text:
Leesville, Louisiana

Leesville is a city in, and the parish seat of, Vernon Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 5,649 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Fort Johnson South micropolitan area and is additionally served by the Leesville Airport. The city is home to the Fort Johnson (formerly known as Fort Polk) U.S. Army installation.

Geography
Leesville is located at 31.14361°N, -93.27111°W (31.143553, -93.271196) and has an elevation of 254 ft.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.49 sqmi, of which 5.45 sqmi is land and 0.04 sqmi (0.55%) is water.

Climate
This climatic region is typified by hot, humid summers and mild winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Leesville has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 5,649 people, 2,415 households, and 1,266 families residing in the city.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 6,753 people, 2,841 households, and 1,650 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,238.7 PD/sqmi. There were 3,389 housing units at an average density of 621.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 55.49% White, 35.33% African American, 1.47% Native American, 2.09% Asian, 0.56% Pacific Islander, 2.25% from other races, and 2.81% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.92% of the population.

There were 2,841 households, out of which 29.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.2% were married couples living together, 18.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.9% were non-families. Nearly 36.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 3.02.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.1% under the age of 18, 11.0% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 20.5% from 45 to 64, and 13.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $23,864, and the median income for a family was $30,435. Males had a median income of $27,267 versus $21,661 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,360. About 24.5% of families and 28.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 42.0% of those under age 18 and 15.1% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The Vernon Parish School District operates public schools:
 * Hicks High School K-12
 * Pickering Elementary School K-6
 * Pickering High School 7-12
 * West Leesville Elementary School: 1-4
 * East Leesville Elementary School: PK-K
 * Vernon Middle School: 5th and 6th grade
 * Leesville Jr. High: 7th and 8th grade
 * Leesville High School: 9th through 12th grade

The Vernon Parish Public Library operates the Main Library and the Dunbar Branch Library.

Notable people

 * Bert A. Adams, state representative from Vernon Parish from 1956 to 1968
 * James Armes, Louisiana state representative for Beauregard and Vernon parishes since 2008
 * Ward Connerly, political activist, businessman, and former University of California Regent (1993–2005). He is the founder and the chairman of the American Civil Rights Institute, and is considered to be the man behind California's Proposition 209, which prohibits affirmative action in that state.
 * Michael Ford (American football), LSU runningback
 * Eddie Fuller - NFL player, running back with the Buffalo Bills, also played for Louisiana State University and was part of the play which became known as the "Earthquake game".
 * Bo Harris - NFL player, played with the Cincinnati Bengals
 * Carolyn Huntoon - NASA scientist, first woman director of the Johnson Space Center
 * Buddy Leach - Politician, former member of the United States House of Representatives from Louisiana's 4th congressional district
 * Demond Mallet - Professional basketball player
 * Kevin Mawae - NFL All-Pro Center for the Tennessee Titans New York Jets, Pro Football Hall of Fame
 * D'Anthony Smith - NFL player, born in Berlin, Germany, but spent his teen years in Leesville while his family was stationed at Fort Polk. Attended Pickering High School in Leesville and Louisiana Tech. Currently plays for the Jacksonville Jaguars
 * John R. Smith, state senator, former state representative, and former president of the Vernon Parish Police Jury

title: Leesville, Louisiana


text:
New Llano, Louisiana

New Llano is a town in Vernon Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 2,504 at the 2010 census. It is a part of the Fort Johnson South Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Originally known as Stables, the town was renamed when 200 members of the Socialist commune Llano del Rio Cooperative Colony in California relocated to this site in 1917, giving the town its present name. It continued to function as a socialist commune with citizens pooling and sharing resources and wealth until 1937.

History
The New Llano Cooperative Colony was founded in 1917 when Job Harriman relocated, with other commune members of the Llano del Rio colony, to 20,000 acres of cut-over land two miles south of Leesville. The location chosen was the Gulf Lumber Company sawmill town named Stables. The mill had burned in 1913 and again in 1916. After the sawmill burnt for the second time, it was not rebuilt because the stumpage reserves were depleted. The land, was sold on contract to the Cooperative Colony.

The colony attempted to achieve self-sufficiency through community ownership of a newspaper, broom factory, sawmill, ice plant, and sheet metal factory. There was also a school, infirmary, hospital, and recreational facilities. The colony closed in 1937.

New Llano has developed a reputation as a "speed trap." Local media has covered allegations of predatory ticket-writing.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.0 square mile (2.5 km$2$), all land.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 2,213 people, 934 households, and 591 families residing in the town.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,415 people, 925 households, and 640 families residing in the town. The population density was 2,488.0 PD/sqmi. There were 1,037 housing units at an average density of 1,068.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 46.09% White, 40.29% African American, 0.83% Native American, 3.77% Asian, 0.29% Pacific Islander, 4.10% from other races, and 4.64% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.57% of the population.

There were 925 households, out of which 40.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.4% were married couples living together, 18.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.8% were non-families. 24.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.11.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 30.8% under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 33.5% from 25 to 44, 19.7% from 45 to 64, and 5.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $35,417, and the median income for a family was $34,271. Males had a median income of $26,563 versus $20,500 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,902. About 13.5% of families and 15.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.4% of those under age 18 and 13.9% of those age 65 or over.

title: New Llano, Louisiana


text:
Rosepine, Louisiana

Rosepine is a town in Vernon Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 1,692 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Fort Johnson South Micropolitan Statistical Area.

History
In 1897 the Kansas City, Shreveport & Gulf Railway Company (KCS&G), owned by the Kansas City, Pittsburg and Gulf Railroad (KCP&G) was completed through Rosepine, Dequincy, and on to Port Arthur, Texas. By 1901 sawmills of Brice Brothers and Craft, Diamond Lumber Company Ltd, Lewis and Williams, and Rosepine Lumber Company were in operation. In 1900 the Kansas City Southern Railway took possession of the KCS&G.

Rosepine was incorporated in 1902, with J.J. Cryer as mayor. and reincorporated in 1950. In 1900 the town had 75 residents but grew to more than 1,000 by 1906.

Geography
Rosepine is located at 30.91972°N, -93.28278°W (30.919620, -93.282869).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 2.2 square miles (5.8 km$2$), all land. It is located sixteen miles southwest of Leesville.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 1,519 people, 697 households, and 404 families residing in the town.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,390 people, 498 households, and 355 families residing in the town. The population density was 622.5 PD/sqmi. There were 563 housing units at an average density of 252.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 85.47% White, 5.83% African American, 1.08% Native American, 1.65% Asian, 2.95% from other races, and 3.02% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.97% of the population.

There were 498 households, out of which 38.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.4% were married couples living together, 14.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.7% were non-families. 24.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.13.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.6% under the age of 18, 11.4% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 18.0% from 45 to 64, and 15.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.1 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $30,063, and the median income for a family was $32,778. Males had a median income of $28,988 versus $23,958 for females. The per capita income for the town was $13,101. About 15.9% of families and 19.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.3% of those under age 18 and 15.3% of those age 65 or over.

title: Rosepine, Louisiana


text:
Simpson, Louisiana

Simpson is a village in Vernon Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 638 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Fort Johnson South Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
Simpson is located at 31.25611°N, -93.01861°W (31.256010, -93.018519).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 6.2 sqmi, of which 6.2 sqmi is land and 0.16% is water.

Climate
This climatic region is typified by hot, humid summers and mild winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Simpson has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 583 people, 234 households, and 175 families residing in the village. The population density was 93.9 PD/sqmi. There were 267 housing units at an average density of 43.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 94.34% White, 0.69% African American, 4.63% Native American, and 0.34% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.54% of the population.

There were 234 households, out of which 35.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.2% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.2% were non-families. 23.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 2.94.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 25.6% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 30.2% from 25 to 44, 26.2% from 45 to 64, and 11.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.9 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $36,250, and the median income for a family was $43,333. Males had a median income of $36,184 versus $26,500 for females. The per capita income for the village was $17,485. About 6.1% of families and 8.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.7% of those under age 18 and 8.2% of those age 65 or over.

title: Simpson, Louisiana


text:
Angie, Louisiana

Angie is a village in Washington Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 240 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Bogalusa Micropolitan Statistical Area.

History
Angie was named for Angeline Bateman McMillan, an elderly member of the family who were the original owners of the town site.

Geography
Angie is located at 30.96444°N, -89.81361°W (30.964480, -89.813748).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.5 sqmi, of which 1.5 sqmi is land and 0.65% is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 240 people, 97 households, and 70 families residing in the village. The population density was 157.5 PD/sqmi. There were 114 housing units at an average density of 74.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 81.67% White, 17.50% African American, 0.42% Native American, and 0.42% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.33% of the population.

There were 97 households, out of which 33.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.7% were married couples living together, 12.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.8% were non-families. 24.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.93.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 25.4% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 25.0% from 25 to 44, 25.4% from 45 to 64, and 15.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 79.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.0 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $27,344, and the median income for a family was $33,000. Males had a median income of $34,375 versus $26,071 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,198. About 15.2% of families and 24.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.4% of those under the age of eighteen and 30.2% of those 65 or over.

Notable people
Angie was the residence of former Louisiana State Representative Lawrence A. "Buster" Sheridan (1919–2001). Sheridan was defeated in the 1987 nonpartisan blanket primary by Jerry A. Thomas, a physician in Franklinton.

Corrections
Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections operates the B.B. "Sixty" Rayburn Correctional Center in an unincorporated section of Washington Parish, near Angie.

title: Angie, Louisiana


text:
Bogalusa, Louisiana

Bogalusa is a city in Washington Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 12,232 at the 2010 census. In the 2020 census the city reported a population of 10,659. It is the principal city of the Bogalusa Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Washington Parish and is also part of the larger New Orleans–Metairie–Hammond combined statistical area.

The name of the city derives from the Choctaw language term bogue lusa, which translates into English as "dark water or "smoky water". Located in an area of pine forests, in the early 20th century, this industrial city was developed as a company town, to provide worker housing and services in association with a Great Southern Lumber Company sawmill. In the late 1930s, this operation was replaced with paper mills and chemical operations.

Founding
Incorporated in 1914, Bogalusa is one of the youngest towns in Louisiana. It was founded by Frank Henry Goodyear and Charles Waterhouse Goodyear, lumber barons of Buffalo, New York. In the early 1900s, the brothers bought hundreds of thousands of acres of virgin Longleaf pine forests in southeastern Louisiana and southwestern Mississippi for the timber and further their strategy to build railroad spurs to bring the wood to market. In 1902, they chartered the Great Southern Lumber Company (1908–38) and built the first sawmill in what became Bogalusa, a company town built to support the mill. The sawmill was the largest in the world at the time. The Goodyear interests built the city of Bogalusa to house workers and supervisors, and associated infrastructure. They also built the Great Northern New Orleans Railroad to New Orleans to transport their lumber and products to market.

The city, designed by architect Rathbone DeBuys of New Orleans and built from the ground up in less than a year, had several hotels, schools, a hospital, a YMCA and YWCA, churches of all faiths, and houses for the mill workers. The town was laid out with the "Mill Town" on the south side and "Commercial Town" on the north side, altogether there were four quadrants with racially segregated neighborhoods defined by the railroad running north–south and Bogue Lusa Creek running east–west. It was called the "Magic City" in praise of its rapid construction. The manager of Great Southern Lumber Company was William H. Sullivan. As sawmill manager, he acted as town boss when the city was built. After Bogalusa was incorporated as a city on July 4, 1914, Sullivan was elected as mayor by white voters (blacks had been disenfranchised), and repeatedly re-elected, serving until his death on June 26, 1929.

The Great Southern Lumber Company's sprawling sawmill produced up to a million board feet (2400 m3) of lumber each day. With the virgin pine forest cleared, the sawmill closed in 1938 during the Great Depression. An attempt to keep the sawmill open with California redwood proved too costly, and the mill was closed. It was replaced by the Bogalusa Paper Company (a subsidiary of Great Southern). In 1937 Bogalusa Paper Company merged with Gaylord Container Corporation; a chemical plant also run by Gaylord was built next to the mill. Crown-Zellerbach acquired Gaylord's operations in 1955. The paper mill and chemical operations continued to anchor the city's economy.

At its peak in 1960, the city had more than 21,000 residents. In 1985 Crown-Zellerbach was split up but the timber industry continued.

Racial conflicts
In 1919 workers went on strike, triggering the largest labor strife at the town's Great Southern Lumber Company, the largest sawmill in the world. Company owners supported a white militia group and brought in Black strikebreakers, increasing racial tension. Events culminated in the Bogalusa sawmill killings which saw four union men killed. On August 31, 1919, Black veteran Lucius McCarty was accused of assaulting a white woman and a mob of some 1,500 people seized McCarty and shot him more than 1,000 times. The mob then dragged his corpse behind a car through the black neighborhoods before burning his body in a bonfire.

Civil rights era
Industrial workers of both races arrived in the company town for employment from the early 20th century onwards. Following their return from World War II, African-American veterans faced significant challenges due to racial discrimination and violence in Louisiana and the broader South. They contended with the enduring legacy of Jim Crow laws, state-enforced segregation, and systemic disenfranchisement and political exclusion, issues that had persisted since the turn of the 20th century.

During the civil rights era, African-American employees at Crown Zellerbach in Bogalusa campaigned for equal employment opportunities, including access to all job positions and advancements into supervisory roles. This push for equality met resistance from white coworkers. Additionally, the African-American community advocated for the integration of public facilities in Bogalusa, particularly following the enactment of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, facing opposition from segments of the local population.

The struggle against racial discrimination extended beyond black workers challenging the industrial class system. Local Ku Klux Klan members exerted their influence by intimidating civil rights activists. The situation escalated in 1964 with the passage of the Civil Rights Act, as whites intensified their opposition. Lou Major, publisher of Bogalusa Daily News, became a notable target, experiencing a cross burning in his yard by the Klan, a stark manifestation of the Klan's efforts to silence advocates for equality and justice.

Determined to fight for their rights, Bob Hicks, Charles Sims, A.Z. Young, and others had taken leadership of the (all-black) Bogalusa Civic and Voters' League. On February 21, 1965, with the help of three activists from the Deacons for Defense and Justice based in Jonesboro, Louisiana, they founded the first affiliated chapter of that African-American self-defense organization. Other leaders of the Deacons were Bert Wyre, Aurilus “Reeves” Perkins, Sam Bonds, Fletcher Anderson, and others. They mobilized many war veterans within the black community to provide armed security to civil rights activists and their families. Expecting a violent summer, the State Police established an office in Bogalusa in February 1965.

As explained by Seth Hague, "...the community came to embrace the militant rhetoric of the Jonesboro Deacons. Many violent conflicts ensued under this ideology and culminated in a climactic summer in 1965. Consequently, the black workers’ militancy threatened not only the power of the middle class blacks, but also the political and economic hegemony of the white power structure in Bogalusa. Except for a few noteworthy courtroom 'victories' versus Crown-Zellerbach, threatening the power structure was virtually the struggle's only effect as the white power structure subsumed the militancy and rhetoric of the revolutionary Bogalusans.'"

Two of the most notable murders of African Americans that took place in Bogalusa during the civil rights era were Oneal Moore, who was killed in 1965, the first black deputy sheriff hired for the Washington Parish Sheriff's Office, and Clarence Triggs, who was killed in 1966.

1970 to present
With changes in the lumber industry, through the late 20th century, after 1960, a steady decline in industrial operations, jobs, and associated population of the town occurred. By 2015, the population was estimated at slightly less than 12,000, more than 40% below the high in 1960. These conditions have made it more difficult for remaining residents.

In 1995, a railroad tank car imploded at Gaylord Chemical Corporation, releasing nitrogen tetroxide and forcing the evacuation of about 3,000 people within a one-mile (1.6 km) radius. Residents say "the sky turned orange" as a result. Emergency rooms filled with about 4,000 people who complained of burning eyes, skin, and lungs. Dozens of lawsuits were filed against Gaylord Chemical and were finally settled in May 2005, with compensation checks issued to around 20,000 people affected by the accident.

On August 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina hit the city with winds of about 110 mi/h, downing numerous trees and power lines. Many buildings in Bogalusa were damaged from falling trees, and several were destroyed. Most of the houses, businesses, and other buildings suffered roof damage from the storm's ferocious winds. Some outlying areas of the city were without power for more than a month.

Geography
Bogalusa has an elevation of 100 ft.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 9.5 sqmi, of which 9.5 sqmi is land and 0.1 sqmi (0.52%) is covered by water.

Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Bogalusa has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps. The hottest temperature recorded in Bogalusa was 107 F on June 20, 1936, while the coldest temperature recorded was 4 F on January 12, 1962.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 10,659 people, 4,874 households, and 2,923 families residing in the city.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, 13,365 people, 5,431 households, and 3,497 families resided in the city. The population density was 1,407.6 PD/sqmi. The 6,300 housing units averaged 663.5 per square mile (256.3/km$2$). The racial makeup of the city was 57.18% White, 41.21% African American, 0.32% Native American, 0.39% Asian, 0.16% from other races, and 0.73% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 0.75% of the population.

Of the 5,431 households, 29.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.1% were married couples living together, 23.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.6% were not families. About 32.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 3.05.

In the city, the population was distributed as 27.4% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 23.9% from 25 to 44, 21.3% from 45 to 64, and 18.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 76.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $19,261, and for a family was $24,947. Males had a median income of $26,716 versus $17,992 for females. The per capita income for the city was $11,476. About 26.1% of families and 32.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 45.1% of those under age 18 and 22.0% of those age 65 or over.

Crime
With a crime rate of 60 per one thousand residents, Bogalusa has one of the highest crime rates in America compared to all communities of all sizes- from the smallest towns to the very largest cities. One's chance of becoming a victim of either violent or property crime here is one in 17. Within Louisiana, more than 92% of the communities have a lower crime rate than Bogalusa.

Economy

Bogalusa's economy has been linked to lumbering and its byproducts since the city's founding by the Great Southern Lumber Company chartered in 1902 by the Goodyears of Buffalo, New York. The sawmill was, for many years, the largest in the world. A paper mill was added in 1918. By 1938, the Goodyear family's mill had clear cut all the virgin longleaf yellow pine within hundreds of miles of Bogalusa and after an unprofitable effort to import redwood from California, their sawmill operations at the Great Southern Lumber Company also ended. Bogalusa's industry then shifted to paper milling as Goodyear's sawmill passed onto Gaylord Container Corporation which was then bought by Crown Zellerbach in 1955. By the mid 1960s the mill was producing some 1300 tons of paper daily with four machines. Georgia Pacific acquired the mill in 1986. Its brown paper successor owned the Bogalusa mill until 2002 when Gaylord was acquired by Temple-Inland Corporation, the area's largest employer.

The spill-over of industrial products into the Pearl River in August 2011 resulted in Federal fines of over one million dollars. The following year, 2012, Temple-Inland was acquired by International Paper headquartered in Memphis, TN and the mill came under new ownership. The Bogalusa mill still operates as a corrugated fiberboard plant making boxes and shipping containers. As of 2019 the plant remains the city's largest employer with 425 people. However production is much less than the 1960s with only two machines now in operation.

Arts and culture

 * The Robert "Bob" Hicks House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.
 * The Robert Hicks Foundation was established to carry on the work for civil rights.
 * Robert Indiana's painting "Louisiana" (1965): "Just As in the Anatomy of Man Every Nation: Must have its Hind Part: The Fair City of Bogalusa"
 * Deacons for Defense is a 2003 television movie made about the 1965 civil rights struggle in Bogalusa. Directed by Bill Duke, it stars Academy Award-winner Forest Whitaker, with Ossie Davis and Jonathan Silverman.

Government
The city charter designates a mayor and a council of seven members, five of whom are elected from the respective districts and two are elected at-large, all serving four-year terms.

Bogalusa is home to the 205th Engineer Battalion of the Louisiana Army National Guard, which is part of the 225th Engineer Brigade headquartered in Pineville, Louisiana, at the Louisiana National Guard Training Center Pineville.

Education
Bogalusa operates its own public school system, Bogalusa City Schools, consisting of seven elementary schools, one junior high and one high school. As of 2020 there are over 3600 students enrolled and almost 230 teachers working for the district.

Northshore Technical Community College is located in Bogalusa. In 1930, it was the first trade school established in the state of Louisiana, and it is now a fully accredited community college.

Media
The local weekly newspaper is the Bogalusa Daily News. The city was home to one radio station, WBOX 920 AM & 92.9 FM

Highways
Bogalusa is located at the juncture of Louisiana Highways 10 running east–west and   21 running north–south. Bogalusa connects to Bush, Louisiana

Rail
There is no passenger rail to Bogalusa but the Bogalusa Bayou Railroad (BBAY) serves Bogalusa's International Paper plant connecting it northward with the Canadian National line in Mississippi.

Air
The Bogalusa Airport, officially named the George R. Carr Memorial Air Field is owned by the city. It is located north of the city.

Police
The Police Department employs 35 officers and 12 reserves.

Notable people

 * Kenderick Allen, NFL defensive lineman 2003-08
 * Perry Brooks (1954–2010), football defensive tackle, Washington Redskins (1977–1984), Super Bowl XVII champion
 * Jacob Brumfield (born in 1965 in Bogalusa), professional baseball outfielder from 1992 to 1999
 * Al Clark, NFL player 1971-76
 * James Crutchfield (1912–2001), barrelhouse blues piano player; raised in Bogalusa
 * Melerson Guy Dunham (1904–1985) – educator, civil and women's right activist, historian
 * Jack Dunlap, NSA agent accused of spying for the Soviet Union
 * Rodney Foil (1934-2018), forestry researcher, educator, and administrator at Mississippi State University.
 * Bob Hicks, civil rights activist. See above.
 * Trumaine Johnson, Grambling and professional football player; born in Bogalusa
 * Yusef Komunyakaa (born in 1947 in Bogalusa), winner of 1994 Pulitzer Prize for Poetry; born James Willie Brown, Jr.
 * Skip Manning (1945–), 1976 NASCAR Winston Cup Rookie of the Year
 * Janet Marion Martin (1938–2023), professor of classics at Princeton University
 * John McGeever, NFL cornerback 1962–66
 * Beth Mizell (born in 1952 in Bogalusa), state senator for Washington Parish
 * Henry "Tank" Powell, represented Tangipahoa Parish in state legislature 1996–2008; member of Louisiana Board of Pardons
 * Professor Longhair (1918–1980), funky pianist who inspired artists such as Dr. John; several of his songs are Mardi Gras anthems
 * Snoozer Quinn (1907–1949), pioneer of jazz guitar; raised in Bogalusa
 * Jared Y. Sanders, Sr., former governor, arranged tax breaks for GSL and helped the sawmill with startup
 * Jared Y. Sanders, Jr., former U.S. representative and state legislator, practiced law in Bogalusa early in 20th Century
 * E.S.G., Hip-Hop musician
 * JayDaYoungan (1998–2022),Hip-Hop musician
 * Ariel Pink, indie musician, lived in Bogalusa with his mother's family during early childhood
 * Robert Benjamin Smith, former defensive end in the National Football League for the Minnesota Vikings and Dallas Cowboys
 * Charlie Spikes, the "Bogalusa Bomber"; MLB player 1972–1980, New York Yankees, Cleveland Indians, Detroit Tigers, Atlanta Braves
 * Clarence Triggs, unsolved murder
 * Malinda Brumfield White (born 1967), member of Louisiana House of Representatives from Bogalusa
 * Dub Williams, New Mexico legislator
 * Curt Siegelin (1907-1982), four term mayor (1946-1970), MAYOR OF THE YEAR (1956), President of LMA (1949-1951), Exec Dir LA Dept of Commerce (1956-1960), Chairman of LA State Parks Commission (1956-1960)

title: Bogalusa, Louisiana


text:
Varnado, Louisiana

Varnado is a village in Washington Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 1,461 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Bogalusa Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
Varnado is located at 30.895°N, -89.83167°W (30.894911, -89.831635).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.9 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 342 people, 144 households, and 86 families residing in the village. The population density was 402.9 PD/sqmi. There were 163 housing units at an average density of 192.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 88.60% White, 9.36% African American, 0.58% Native American, and 1.46% from two or more races.

There were 144 households, out of which 27.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.0% were married couples living together, 16.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.6% were non-families. 34.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 3.15.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.9% under the age of 18, 12.0% from 18 to 24, 26.9% from 25 to 44, 22.8% from 45 to 64, and 13.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 74.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 73.6 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $26,563, and the median income for a family was $30,909. Males had a median income of $30,938 versus $21,000 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,416. About 21.4% of families and 19.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.4% of those under age 18 and 9.1% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Andre Jones Jr. (born 1998), American football player

title: Varnado, Louisiana


text:
Cotton Valley, Louisiana

Cotton Valley is a town in central Webster Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 1,010 at the 2010 census.

Mayoral history
Cotton Valley was established in the mid-19th century, and incorporated in 1944 when J. B. Roby, a Democrat, became its first mayor. In 1946, Roby was succeeded by A. C. Borland, who served a total of 22 years. An insurance agent, Borland did not seek reelection in 1968 and was succeeded by E. M. Hollingsworth. Borland was credited with the building of the Cotton Valley city hall, recreation center and municipal park. Keith Chanler {Republican} was elected mayor in 2000 and again in 2004 and chose not to run in 2008. Comerdis Phillips was elected mayor in 2008 Joseph Alexander became mayor in 2016.

Marlon Pope Special Learning Center
Cotton Valley was the home of the former Marlon Pope Special Learning Center, named for Chester Marlon Pope, a civic leader and Republican member of the Webster Parish School Board.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 2.6 sqmi, all land.

Demographics

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 787 people, 444 households, and 289 families residing in the town.

Arts and culture
A public library replaced the former facility in the old office of Dr. John Pugh, a long-time Cotton Valley physician, who began his practice in 1902.

Notable people

 * Ken Beck, defensive tackle in the National Football League for two seasons for the Green Bay Packers; born in Minden, later a teacher in the Cotton Valley school system
 * Roger Carr, former National Football League wide receiver who played for ten seasons with the Baltimore Colts, Seattle Seahawks and San Diego Chargers, was reared in Cotton Valley.
 * The Cox Family consists of Cotton Valley natives noted for their bluegrass, Country and gospel music. The quartet has been performing since 1976, with each child eventually joining the group. They have entertained all over the United States and in Great Britain.  They  earned two Grammy Awards and a gold record. The Coxes contributed to the soundtrack for the film O Brother, Where Art Thou?.

title: Cotton Valley, Louisiana


text:
Cullen, Louisiana

Cullen is a town just south of Springhill in northern Webster Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 1,163 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Minden Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Bobby Ray Washington, the former mayor of Cullen, served as president and vice president of the Louisiana Municipal Association. He resigned from office when questions arose about his residency in Shreveport. Washington was succeeded in March 2012 by Dexter Turner, a former police detective in Springhill. Turner was elected to a full term as mayor in December 2012 and died on March 22, 2013, of an apparent heart attack at the age of forty-nine.

Cullen has a restored Kansas City Southern Railroad museum located across from the International Paper Company container plant.

In 2011, Ricky L. Thomas reactivated the Ludwig Ball Park, which had been constructed in 1968 for baseball and softball. After many years of neglect the park was restored and a reunion was held in July 2011; all former ball players were invited. At the reunion Thomas presented Coach Billy Dubois a framed picture of his Louisiana-Arkansas All Star team. KTBS, the ABC affiliate in Shreveport, aired a story about Ludwig Ball Park.

Charles Jacobs, judge of the Louisiana 26th Judicial District Court since 2015, is a former town attorney for Cullen.

Geography
Cullen is located at 32.96944°N, -93.44806°W (32.969335, -93.448092).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.2 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 716 people, 552 households, and 295 families residing in the town.

title: Cullen, Louisiana


text:
Dixie Inn, Louisiana

Dixie Inn is a village in Webster Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 352 at the 2000 census. It is located off Interstate 20 at the old Shreveport Road, some twenty-six miles east of Shreveport. Minden, the seat of Webster Parish, is located some three miles to the east. Dixie Inn is part of the Minden Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Most of the original houses in Dixie Inn were built during World War II to serve munitions workers at the former Louisiana Army Ammunition Plant located off U.S. Highway 80 to the east.

Dixie Inn was incorporated in 1956. Clyde A. Stanley (1910–1959) became the first mayor of the village; he defeated James Whit "Tinker" Volentine (1915–1982) by a vote of 69 to 54. All but seven of the registered voters participated in the election.

In January 2016, the Dixie Inn Village Council approved an ordinance, 109-A, which doubles speeding fines on residential streets. The move was initiated to stop motorists from using the back streets to avoid the traffic light at the intersection of Highways 80 and 371. Violations will henceforth cost $150, with a $2 increment for each mile over the limit.

As of January 1, 2017, Dixie Inn has an all-female village government consisting of Mayor Kay Hallmark-Stratton (No Party), elected by a one-vote margin over her female predecessor, and three Republican aldermen, Donna Suman Hoffoss, Nell Finley, and Judy McKenzie.

Historic Antioch Baptist Church
In 1957, Antioch opened a new brick-veneer sanctuary, the planning of which had been undertaken during the tenure of pastor Millard Robert Perkins, Sr. (1918–1979), a native of Glenmora in Rapides Parish. However, the construction was not completed until the summer of 1957, by which time Thomas E. Windsor had become the pastor. On October 20, 1957, a few months after the construction of the new sanctuary, all of the church buildings except the pastor's residence were razed by fire. Reconstruction soon began and was completed in October 1959. Since Hearron, the full-time Antioch pastors have included Cecil Basham, J. Guy Allen, Millard Perkins, Thomas Windsor, Jack Edwin Byrd, Sr., Charles W. Wallace, and Malcolm Self (1937-2015). Wayne Reeves was called from Antioch as a pastor in Many, Louisiana.

Millard Perkins was a graduate of East Texas Baptist University in Marshall, Texas, and New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary and had been the pastor of several congregations in Texas and Louisiana, including the Gilgal Baptist Church, originally established in 1842 and based in a 1947 sanctuary located on the Old Arcadia Road near Minden. Before his death of a heart attack, he operated Perkins Grill in downtown Minden. He was survived by his wife, the former Pearl Buxton, and five children. Perkins is interred at Memorial Park Cemetery in Monroe, Louisiana.

Geography

Dixie Inn is located at 32.59444°N, -93.33667°W (32.594552, -93.336707).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.3 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 352 people, 146 households, and 88 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,163.9 PD/sqmi. There were 189 housing units at an average density of 624.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 81.25% White, 16.76% African American, 1.14% Native American, 0.28% from other races, and 0.57% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.28% of the population.

There were 146 households, out of which 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 32.2% were married couples living together, 19.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.7% were non-families. 32.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 28.7% under the age of 18, 9.7% from 18 to 24, 31.8% from 25 to 44, 18.2% from 45 to 64, and 11.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.7 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $21,500, and the median income for a family was $19,750. Males had a median income of $28,000 versus $20,500 for females. The per capita income for the village was $12,303. About 27.2% of families and 29.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 40.5% of those under age 18 and 13.3% of those age 65 or over.

title: Dixie Inn, Louisiana


text:
Doyline, Louisiana

Doyline is a village in southwestern Webster Parish in northwestern Louisiana, United States. The population was 818 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Minden Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Under a cited cost-saving realignment plan, the Webster Parish School Board closed Union Elementary School in Doyline in 2011, as Doyline High School absorbed the elementary students. Vandals broke windows in the abandoned elementary school, which contained asbestos and black mold. The building was hence razed at a cost of $99,000.

The HBO television series True Blood about vampires is filmed in Doyline.

History
Doyline is an entry point to Lake Bistineau and the Lake Bistineau State Park, a popular fishing destination and the reservoir of Dorcheat Bayou.

The Doyline High School Panthers won their state basketball championship in 1967, and two of the players pursued athletic careers. Tommy Joe Eagles played for Louisiana Tech University in Ruston and became the head basketball coach for the Louisiana Tech Bulldogs from 1985 to 1989 and the Auburn Tigers in Alabama from 1989 to 1994. Shortly before his death of a heart attack, Eagles had been named coach of the University of New Orleans Privateers men's basketball team, His teammate, James Ponder "Jimmy" Stewart (1949-2017), later played baseball for Northwestern State University in Natchitoches, Louisiana, and until sidelined by a shoulder injury the California Angels organization. In the early 1980s, Stewart coached basketball and was the pitching coach on three state championship baseball teams at Minden High School. He was from 1985 to 2005 the principal of Doyline High School. He died at the age of sixty-eight of long-term effects a stroke.

On August 24, 2006, an explosion of the Explo Systems, Inc., site at Camp Minden led to the evacuation of six hundred students nearby but caused no injuries or fatalities. The site is a former U.S. Army ammunition plant where military bombs were disassembled and recycled.

In December 2012, police began the removal of 2,700 tons of explosives from Camp Minden, located at the site of the former Louisiana Army Ammunition Plant, leading to evacuations from nearby Doyline.

In 2017, Steven T. Bridwell, a Democratic member of the Doyline Town Council, was appointed mayor on the resignation of Gary Carter (No Party) after his arrest for domestic abuse. Bridwell was succeeded on the council by Crystal "Christie" Carter Gates. A special election for both positions will be held in October 2017.

Geography
Doyline is located at 32.53139°N, -93.41028°W (32.531282, -93.410145).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 3.3 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 841 people, 325 households, and 235 families residing in the village. The population density was 252.5 PD/sqmi. There were 359 housing units at an average density of 107.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 79.90% White, 17.12% African American, 0.12% Asian, 0.12% from other races, and 2.73% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.71% of the population.

There were 325 households, out of which 32.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.8% were married couples living together, 15.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.4% were non-families. 25.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the average family size was 3.08.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 26.0% under the age of 18, 12.1% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 23.4% from 45 to 64, and 12.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.5 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $34,063, and the median income for a family was $36,875. Males had a median income of $30,536 versus $21,563 for females. The per capita income for the village was $16,218. About 12.4% of families and 18.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 34.7% of those under age 18 and 15.1% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * James E. Bolin (1914–2002), a district and circuit judge and a former member of the Louisiana House of Representatives, was born in Doyline.
 * Tommy Joe Eagles (1949-1994), college basketball coach, graduated in 1967 from Doyline High School.

title: Doyline, Louisiana


text:
Dubberly, Louisiana

Dubberly is a village in Webster Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 290 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Minden Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Former Governor Robert F. Kennon was born in Dubberly in 1902 but reared in Minden. James Burton, a popular rock and roll/Country music guitarist, was born in Dubberly in 1939.

Nicholas J. Sandlin, a farmer, lawyer, journalist, district attorney, Webster Parish police juror, state representative, postmaster, Confederate States Army officer and prisoner of war, lived on a plantation near Dubberly in the 1850s. Another state representative from Dubberly, Irvin Talton, held the seat from 1880 to 1884 and was earlier a member of the Webster Parish Police Jury.

Robert L. Frye, the Republican nominee for state education superintendent in 1972, was a former principal at Dubberly High School.

Gene Reynolds, the current District 10 state representative, a Democrat, resides in Dubberly.

Joe Butler, father-in-law of former Webster Parish Sheriff Larkin T. Riser, was the mayor of Dubberly for sixteen years.

Sgt. Joshua Tomlinson Interchange
On September 11, 2013, the Joshua B. Tomlinson Interchange at Interstate 20 and Louisiana State Highway 531 between Minden and Dubberly was dedicated in honor of United States Army sergeant Joshua Tomlinson, who was killed in the line of duty in Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan. Tomlinson (born c. 1985) perished in a suicide bomb attack on May 18, 2010, while serving as part of a Personal Security Detail Detachment. He was based out of Kaiserslautern Germany in the 5th Battalion 7th Air Defense Artillery Regiment. Representative Gene Reynolds of Dubberly, who had been Tomlinson's principal at Lakeside High School, guided the bill through the Louisiana House of Representatives to honor the young soldier. "He will always be that student, with a smile and character that we would like from all our children. We now honor [him] ... with this tribute that keep his memory alive forever," said Reynolds.

Another interchange to the west on Interstate 20 at the Minden-Sibley exit is named for Iraq War hero, Army Sgt. Joshua B. Madden.

Geography
Dubberly is located at 32.53972°N, -93.23778°W (32.539634, -93.237753).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 3.9 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 290 people, 120 households, and 90 families residing in the village. The population density was 73.8 PD/sqmi. There were 143 housing units at an average density of 36.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 88.97% White, 10.00% African American, 0.34% Native American, and 0.69% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.41% of the population.

There were 120 households, out of which 26.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.5% were married couples living together, 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.2% were non-families. 23.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.86.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 20.3% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 23.1% from 25 to 44, 31.4% from 45 to 64, and 16.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.8 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $40,417, and the median income for a family was $48,000. Males had a median income of $26,985 versus $30,333 for females. The per capita income for the village was $18,284. About 4.4% of families and 8.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.9% of those under the age of eighteen and 18.0% of those 65 or over.

title: Dubberly, Louisiana


text:
Heflin, Louisiana

Heflin is a village in southern Webster Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 245 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Minden Micropolitan Statistical Area.

On April 5, 2013, voters by a margin of 50-30 recalled Mayor Judy Tillman, a Democrat, from office. No candidate qualified to fill the mayor's office in a special election scheduled for October 19. When filing reopened, the Republican Ralph Lee James (born February 1956) filed for mayor without opposition in the October 19 election.

History
Heflin is named for Alabama native Charles Buckner Heflin (1829-1910), a veteran of the Confederate Army who thereafter operated a cotton gin and was engaged in the planting and mercantile business in south Webster Parish. Charles Heflin was for eight years a member of the Webster Parish Police Jury, the parish governing body, and the Webster Parish Democratic Executive Committee. He was affiliated with the Masonic lodge. He was the father-in-law of J. S. Bacon, a member from 1926 to 1932 of the Louisiana House of Representatives from Heflin. One of Charles Heflin's sons, William Thomas Heflin (1868-1936), a native of Webster Parish, was engaged in the timber business and was elected in 1916 as the sheriff of Winn Parish in North Louisiana.

Geography
Heflin is located at 32.45806°N, -93.2675°W (32.458021, -93.267589).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 2.0 sqmi, of which 2.0 sqmi is land and 0.50% is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 245 people, 95 households, and 70 families residing in the village. The population density was 123.4 PD/sqmi. There were 104 housing units at an average density of 52.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 89.39% White, 8.98% African American, 0.41% Native American, 0.41% Asian, and 0.82% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.82% of the population.

There were 95 households, out of which 35.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.2% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.3% were non-families. 24.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.08.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 26.9% under the age of 18, 8.2% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 16.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.9 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $33,333, and the median income for a family was $47,083. Males had a median income of $29,167 versus $19,500 for females. The per capita income for the village was $13,547. About 5.7% of families and 8.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.9% of those under the age of eighteen and 5.2% of those 65 or over.

Notable people

 * David B. Bolen (born 1923), track and field athlete, Olympian and diplomat was born in Heflin. He later served as the first African-American ambassador to a Soviet Bloc nation, East Germany.
 * Baylus Benjamin McKinney (1886–1942), a Heflin native, composed 149 Christian hymns including "The Nail-Scarred Hand", "Satisfied with Jesus", and "Wherever He Leads I'll Go". He was originally affiliated with the Bistineau Baptist Church near Heflin.

title: Heflin, Louisiana


text:
Minden, Louisiana

Minden is a small city and the parish seat of Webster Parish, Louisiana, United States. It is located twenty-eight miles east of Shreveport. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 11,928. The Main Street district of Minden is recognized as a Louisiana Main Street Community, a Louisiana Cultural Products District, and is sited on the National Register of Historic Places. Minden is the core and principal city of the Minden Micropolitan Statistical Area, consisting of all of Webster Parish, which is included in the Shreveport–Bossier City–Minden CSA.

History
Minden was established in 1836 by Charles Veeder. Native sons include Gene Austin and Louis Dunbar.

The town's name is derived from the German city of Minden.

The city of Minden was used as a blueprint for the fictional city of Bon Temps, the setting of the Southern Vampire Mysteries series by Charlaine Harris.

During the Civil War, a large Confederate encampment was located inside of Minden. It housed about 15,000 Confederate soldiers. The town served as a supply depot for the Confederate Army. Close to thirty Confederate soldiers who died in the Battles of Mansfield and Pleasant Hill are buried in the Old Minden Cemetery.

In the Great Blizzard of 1899, Minden experienced the coldest temperature ever recorded in Louisiana, when the temperature fell on February 13, 1899 to −16 F.

During the Great Depression, one of the two Minden banks failed and a fire destroyed a major section of the downtown area (1931).

On May 1, 1933, a tornado occurred in the town, destroying 20% of the homes.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 31.0 km² (12.0 mi²). 30.8 km$2$ (11.9 mi²) of it is land and 0.2 km$2$ (0.1 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 0.75% water.

Demographics
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 11,928 people, 5,189 households, and 3,126 families residing in the city.

Notable people

 * L'Jarius Sneed (born 1997), NFL cornerback for the Kansas City Chiefs

title: Minden, Louisiana


text:
Sarepta, Louisiana

Sarepta is a town in Webster Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 891 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Minden Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Sarepta was named for the town's first church's benefactor, Sarepta Carter. Local history tells that Mrs. Carter donated a Bible to the community church on the premise that it be named for her. Years later the church split, and the original name became Old Sarepta. The new congregation became New Sarepta.

Geography
Sarepta is located at 32.8975°N, -93.44944°W (32.897373, -93.449382).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.6 square miles (4.2 km2), all land.

Demographics
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 717 people, 332 households, and 247 families residing in the town.

Education
Sarepta has a 6th-8th grade school, North Webster Jr. High School, located at 6041 Hwy 2. The school's mascot is the Charger. The colors are purple, silver, and black. Formerly Sarepta High School, North Webster Jr. High School was formed during consolidation in 2011. The school serves as the junior high school for the entire north end of Webster Parish. Students that previously attended Sarepta School in grades K-5 and 9-12 now attend school at various other facilities in north Webster Parish.

Notable people

 * Trace Adkins, country music singer and actor, and son of mayor Peggy Adkins

title: Sarepta, Louisiana


text:
Shongaloo, Louisiana

Shongaloo is a village in Webster Parish, Louisiana, United States.

West of Shongaloo on Louisiana Highway 2 is Munn Hill, a homestead of Daniel and Rebecca Munn, established on July 26, 1900.

Shongaloo has a civic center for town council meetings as well as general usage. There is an adjacent museum with a restored log cabin.

Geography
Shongaloo is located at 32.93806°N, -93.29833°W (32.938129, -93.298369).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 7.9 sqmi, of which 7.9 sqmi is land and 0.04 sqmi (0.38%) is water.

Dorcheat Bayou, 115-mile-long (185 km) runs through Shongaloo, making it one of the longest natural bayous in the U.S.

Transportation
Shongaloo is connected to other cities by road; currently, there is no air or boat access directly to the village. Air transportation is possible by using the Springhill Airport (15–20 minutes) or using the Shreveport Regional Airport (60–80 minutes). Shongaloo is connected to Sarepta and Homer via LA 2. Shongaloo is also connected to Magnolia and Minden via LA 159). LA 157 connects Shongaloo to Springhill and ALT LA 2 and LA 615 to Haynesville.

Interstate 69
Proposals have been made to build Interstate 69 south of the city around the community of Leton and east of the city near Haynesville. Currently, Shongaloo will have access to the freeway via interchanges at LA 159, LA 2, and LA 2 Alt.

Etymology and pronunciation
Shongaloo (pronounced Shawn-ga-lew) is an Indian term meaning "Running Water" or "Cypress Tree".

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 162 people, 65 households, and 47 families residing in the village. The population density was 20.5 /sqmi. There were 77 housing units at an average density of 9.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.15% White, 0.62% Native American, and 1.23% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.62% of the population.

There were 65 households, out of which 27.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.2% were married couples living together, 4.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.2% were non-families. 23.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 2.83.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 21.6% under the age of 18, 5.6% from 18 to 24, 22.8% from 25 to 44, 28.4% from 45 to 64, and 21.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.8 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $41,250, and the median income for a family was $48,750. Males had a median income of $32,500 versus $22,500 for females. The per capita income for the village was $20,809. About 5.0% of families and 10.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.5% of those under the age of eighteen and 18.8% of those sixty-five or over.

Local channels
Shongaloo is located in the Shreveport/Texarkana broadcasting market (#82 DMA Market).

Education

North Webster Lower Elementary School, formerly Shongaloo High School before 2011, serves Shongaloo, Sarepta, and Cotton Valley for Pre-K-2nd graders. The school was formed during consolidation which moved Shongaloo 3rd-12th grade students to various schools within Webster Parish.

In 1979, the Shongaloo Tiger baseball team won the Louisiana LHSAA Class C State Championship.

Notable people

 * Parey Pershing Branton, Sr., former member of the Louisiana House of Representatives, the Webster Parish School Board, and mayor of Shongaloo; father of Daniel Branton
 * Henry Burns, state representative for District 9 in Bossier Parish; Shongaloo native born in 1947, candidate in 2015 for the Louisiana State Senate
 * E.D. Gleason (1899–1959), member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from 1952 until his death in office
 * Mary Smith Gleason (1899–1967) of the nearby Evergreen Community, succeeded her husband as a member of the Louisiana House from 1959 to 1960.
 * Talmadge L. Heflin, born in Shongaloo, is a Republican former member of the Texas House of Representatives.
 * W. W. Hicks (1843-1925), member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from 1900 to 1904 and the Webster Parish Police Jury from 1904 to 1908; South Carolina native living in Shongaloo.
 * Carlus D. Morgan (1917–2007), educator and member of the Webster Parish Police Jury from 1988 to 1992, resided in the Evergreen community.

title: Shongaloo, Louisiana


text:
Sibley, Louisiana

Sibley is a town in south Webster Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 1,218 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Minden Micropolitan Statistical Area.

The former Sibley High School, now known as Lakeside Junior/Senior High School, is located south of town off Louisiana Highway 7. The Sibley Town Hall was relocated to a portion of the former Sibley High School campus.

In a predominantly African American section of Yellow Pine is a community formerly known as "King Solomon Hill," centered on an actual hill on which stood King Solomon Hill Baptist Church. (The community is now known as "Salt Works.") The blues historian Gayle Dean Wardlow concluded that it was from this address that Paramount Records chose to give the blues musician Joe Holmes, a resident of Sibley, the recording name of King Solomon Hill.

Geography
Sibley is located at 32.54083°N, -93.29333°W (32.540704, -93.293208).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 4.0 square miles (10.4 km$2$), of which 3.9 square miles (10.0 km$2$) is land and 0.1 square mile (0.4 km$2$) (3.49%) is water.

Demographics
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 1,127 people, 554 households, and 396 families residing in the town.

Notable people

 * Provine Bradley (1907-1986), Negro league baseball player

title: Sibley, Louisiana


text:
Springhill, Louisiana

Springhill is a small city in the northernmost of Webster Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 5,279 at the 2010 census, a decrease of 160 since 2000. Springhill is part of the Minden Micropolitan Statistical Area though it is thirty miles north of Minden, the seat of government of Webster Parish. The Springhill population is 34 percent African American, compared to 25 percent minority in 2000.

History
Webster Parish was first permanently settled about 1818 near Overton south of the parish seat of Minden. According to genealogical findings, William Farmer, Samuel Monzingo, J. A. Byrnes, and Joseph Murrell were the first settlers in the area. These settlers formed an area that was initially referred to informally as "Piney Woods." In 1894, though still unincorporated, what would eventually become Springhill took the name "Barefoot, Louisiana" on the notions of a Mrs. Maxwell, who assigned the name based on her observations that many men in the community went to work without shoes. The town that is today Springhill was finally incorporated in 1902. The first mayor was N.B. Taylor, who followed a year thereafter by B.D. Wilson. Peter Modisette was the mayor from 1914 to 1925.

Springhill City Hall is located opposite the Springhill Civic Center, a meeting hall which cost $500,000 and was financed in the late 1960s under a voter-approved bond issue, with millage taxes levied against property owners.

More recent mayors included Ed Shultz (1942–1954), Charles McConnell (1954–1958), Jesse L. Boucher (1958–1962), James Allen (1962–1974), M. A. Gleason, Jr. (1974–1978), Johnny D. Herrington (1978–1986 and 1995–2006), a brother-in-law of Boucher, James Curtis Smith (1987–1994), and Carroll Breaux, who assumed office on January 1, 2007. Breaux, an Independent, is the first non-Democrat to serve as Springhill mayor. He unseated Herrington, 973–782, in the nonpartisan blanket primary held on September 30, 2006. Breaux was succeeded in 2019 by another No Party mayor, Ray Huddleston.

The 1979 film Five Days from Home, which was directed by and starred George Peppard, was filmed primarily in Springhill. Peppard's third wife, Sherry Boucher, is a Springhill native; her father, Jesse L. Boucher was a businessman and developer who served as mayor of Springhill.

Timber industry
Springhill's close association with the timber industry began in 1896 with the arrival of the Pine Woods Lumber Company. Springhill prospered from timber and for a time was a boomtown. The Pine Woods Lumber Company went out of business during the Great Depression, and the population of Springhill dwindled. The Pine Woods Lumber Company facility was purchased by the Frost Lumber Company, which sold to Springhill Lumber Company. The Springhill Lumber Company later became Anthony Forest Products, which remained in Springhill until 1972.

The most significant local economic force, however, was the establishment of a massive pulp paper mill in 1937 by International Paper Company. The construction of the paper mill greatly expanded the regional economic importance of Springhill and further cemented ties to the timber industry. Though technically within the town of Cullen just south of Springhill, the facility was regionally known as the "Springhill paper mill." The later addition of a wood products plant and container (box) plant by International Paper further established Springhill as one of the most important manufacturing and processing centers in northern Louisiana. In 1979, International Paper closed the paper mill, which along with a significant general downturn in the petroleum industry caused a deterioration of the local economy. Though the paper mill closed, International Paper maintained its wood products and container-producing facilities. During 2006–2007, IP sold the wood products plant to its main rival, Georgia Pacific and liquidated its significant land holdings in the Springhill area. The container division, often called the "box plant", remains the last remnant of International Paper in Springhill.

After it purchased the plywood mill from International Paper, Georgia Pacific closed the plant. Another major employer, Trane, which manufactures air-conditioning components, relocated to Mexico.

Education

Springhill has a high school, North Webster High School, formerly the Springhill Jr./Sr. High School, which housed grades seven through twelve in prior to 2011. After budget cuts and consolidation, the school now enrolls ninth through twelfth- graders from all of northern Webster Parish. All former Springhill Junior High pupils now attend school in Sarepta at North Webster Junior High School. Elementary schools, Browning Elementary and Brown Middle, remained the same after consolidation. PK-5th grade pupils in Springhill still attend these schools.

The former campus of the Georgia Howell Elementary School, built in 1956, has been closed because of unsafe building conditions. The pupils formerly assigned there now attend Browning or Brown Middle.

Geography
Springhill is located at 33.00111°N, -93.46139°W (33.001234, −93.461448) and has an elevation of 292 ft.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 6.3 sqmi, of which 6.2 sqmi is land and 0.1 sqmi (0.80%) is water.

Demographics
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 4,801 people, 2,270 households, and 1,171 families residing in the city.

Culture

 * Springhill hosts an annual Lumberjack Festival, which includes crafts, Kids Corner, Louisiana food, live music, and a parade. Although we are not the Springhill Lumberjacks anymore we still have it, which has been relocated to the Frank Anthony Park.

Notable people

 * Devin White - All-American linebacker at LSU and Super Bowl champion for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, graduate of North Webster High School
 * Trace Adkins – Country music singer
 * Savannah Smith Boucher – actress
 * Sherry Boucher – former Hollywood actress and Realtor in Bossier Parish; formerly married to George Peppard
 * Shannen W. Coffin – Former Counsel to Vice President Dick Cheney and Deputy Assistant Attorney General, US Department of Justice Civil Division. Georgetown University law school.
 * John David Crow – Winner of the 1957 Heisman Trophy. He played for eleven seasons in the National Football League and played in four NFL Pro Bowls. He also served as athletic director of Texas A&M University in College Station.
 * Joe Stampley – Country music artist who headed the former "The Uniques" and was part of a duo with Moe Bandy. In 1976, Stampley had eight singles which charted in Billboard Magazine and was awarded "Billboard's Single Artist of the Year".
 * John Stephens – first-round pick of the 1988 NFL Draft by the New England Patriots. 1988 NFL Offensive Rookie Of The Year and member of the Northwestern State University Football Hall Of Fame.
 * Steve Weddle – novelist and journalist, whose debut novel takes place in Springhill, Louisiana and Magnolia, Arkansas
 * John Corey Whaley – author of young adult literary fiction. Debut novel, Where Things Come Back, was published by Simon & Schuster in May 2011. He has since written two more novels, Noggin (published in April 2014) and Highly Illogical Behavior (published in May 2016).

title: Springhill, Louisiana


text:
Addis, Louisiana

Addis is a town in West Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 3,593 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Baton Rouge Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
Founded in 1881 or 1882, Addis was originally known Baton Rouge Junction; the community was created as a division point for the Texas and Pacific Railroad. Circa 1909, local citizens renamed the village to Addis to honor J. W. Addis, the railroad official who had convinced the railroad to build a depot, hotel, and other facilities there in 1904.

The Bank of Addis building, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, is located in the town and is now the Addis Museum.

Geography
Addis is located at 30.35472°N, -91.26472°W (30.354585, -91.264672).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.8 sqmi, all land.

Addis has a Köppen climate classification of Cfa, which means that Addis has mild temperatures, is fully humid, and a hot summer.

Demographics
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 6,731 people, 1,694 households, and 1,353 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,601.1 inhabitants per square mile in 2020, compared to 854.7 inhabitants per square mile in 2010.

The ancestry of Addis in 2021 was, 9.2% French, 6.1% German, 4.9% English, 1.5% Italian, 1.4% Irish, 0.4% Scottish, 0.3% Polish.

28.9% of the population were under 18, and 10.2% were under 5. People over 65 made up 7.2% of the population, with 5.6% from 65 to 74, 1.6% from 75 to 84, and 0.0% over 85. The gender makeup of the city was 53.9% female, and 46.1% male.

The median household income was $81,681, families had a median household income of $95,694, married couples had $122,250, and non-families had $49,196. 8.3% of the population were under the poverty line, with 12.0% of people under 18 being in poverty, 7.2% of people 18 to 64 were in poverty, and 4.3% of people over 65 were in poverty.

Government
The current Mayor of Addis is David H. Toups. There are five Council Members. Addis is currently represented in the Louisiana Legislature by Representative Jeremy LaCombe (D-60th District), and Senator Ed Price (D-2nd District). In the U.S. House of Representatives, the town is represented by Rep. Troy Carter (D-New Orleans).

Education
West Baton Rouge Parish School Board operates public schools.

Residents are zoned to Brusly High School.

title: Addis, Louisiana


text:
Brusly, Louisiana

Brusly is a town in West Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 2,589 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Baton Rouge Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
The town was established in 1901. Its Brusly High School bears the nickname, the Panthers. Its colors are red, white and black. Newly elected State Representative Edmond Jordan graduated from Brusly High School in 1989.

The Cinclare Sugar Mill Historic District is located just north of town on Louisiana Highway 1.

Geography
Brusly is located at 30.39056°N, -91.24167°W (30.390470, -91.241797).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 2.2 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 2,578 people, 1,033 households, and 764 families residing in the town, reflecting an increase since the 2000 census.

As of the census of 2000, there were 2,020 people, 749 households, and 587 families residing in the town. The population density was 924.1 PD/sqmi. There were 783 housing units at an average density of 358.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 72.77% Caucasian, 25.74% African American, 0.15% Native American, 0.15% Asian, 0.15% Pacific Islander, 0.25% from other races, and 0.79% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.89% of the population.

There were 749 households, out of which 36.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.5% were married couples living together, 15.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.5% were non-families. 19.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.4% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 26.4% from 45 to 64, and 11.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.4 males. For every 100 women age 18 and over, there were 88.2 men.

The median income for a household in the town was $47,619, and the median income for a family was $55,100. Males had a median income of $37,330 versus $25,719 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,060. About 5.9% of families and 6.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.0% of those under age 18 and 13.5% of those age 65 or over.

Government
The town maintains a police department.

Notable people

 * Amie Comeaux - country music artist
 * Randall Gay - National Football League cornerback
 * Edmond Jordan - lawyer and state representative since May 2016
 * William S. Patout, III, Iberia Parish sugar grower; resided in Brusly in the early 1960s.
 * Charles P. Adams - founding president of Grambling State University was born in Brusly.

title: Brusly, Louisiana


text:
Port Allen, Louisiana

Port Allen is a city in, and the parish seat of, West Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana, United States. Located on the west bank of the Mississippi River, it is bordered by Interstate 10 and US Highway 190. The population was 4,939 in 2020. It is part of the Baton Rouge metropolitan statistical area.

Port Allen is home to the Mississippi Riverfront Development, which provides a panoramic view of the Mississippi River and Baton Rouge, the West Baton Rouge Museum, the City of Port Allen Railroad Depot, Scott's Cemetery, the Port of Greater Baton Rouge, and the Port Allen Lock.

Pre-history
The village of La Ville De St. Michel or San Miguel (1790–1817) had existed in a nearby location to what is now the city of Port Allen. Around the 1850s, a new community had started around the same location and went by the name Town of West Baton Rouge.

Founding of Port Allen
The city of Port Allen was founded in 1878. The name Port Allen is in honor of Henry Watkins Allen, a member of the American Confederate States Army and the 17th Governor of Louisiana. Allen was instrumental in the early years of the village, prior to the founding of the city, he had owned a slave-worked sugar plantation in town he had started in 1855, the Allendale Plantation, and he created his own railroad that ran through the village.

Nearby Sunrise
Around 1878, a former slave named Alex Banes was creating a small community called Sunrise, which existed just north of what is now Port Allen. Many of the inhabitants of Sunrise worked at the railroad Anchorage Depot; by 1900 the depot had been moved taking much of the community's population with it. In 1918, Sunrise had a fire that destroyed much of the town and businesses, and as a result the area integrated into the neighboring town, which by then was known as Port Allen.

Industrialization and growth
By 1916, the city had incorporated. On August 10, 1940, the Huey P. Long Bridge at U.S. Route 190 was unveiled, which joined the east and west parishes, and shaping the city towards and aiding commerce and industries. Over time there was economic shifts away from agricultural and towards industrial, and in the 1950s factories and manufacturing plants were built in town. In 1963, the town population reached 5,000 and it was renamed as a city.

For many years the city was racially segregated.

Geography
Port Allen is located at 30.45361°N, -91.21°W (30.453740, −91.209957).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.6 square miles (6.8 km2), of which 2.1 square miles (5.5 km2) is land and 0.5 square mile (1.3 km2) (19.39%) is water. The city is adjacent to the Mississippi River, which passes to the east side of the city.

Demographics
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 4,939 people, 2,097 households, and 1,343 families residing in the city.

As of the census of 2000, there were 5,278 people, 2,012 households, and 1,416 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,486.3 PD/sqmi. There were 2,158 housing units at an average density of 1,016.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 45.04% White, 53.98% African American, 0.15% Native American, 0.04% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.27% from other races, and 0.51% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.00% of the population.

There were 2,012 households, out of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.7% were married couples living together, 25.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.6% were non-families. 26.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.5% under the age of 18, 10.1% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 22.9% from 45 to 64, and 15.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,254, and the median income for a family was $36,762. Males had a median income of $31,029 versus $22,333 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,439. About 19.2% of families and 24.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 34.4% of those under age 18 and 8.5% of those age 65 or over.

Education
West Baton Rouge Parish School Board operates area public schools.

Holy Family School (of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Baton Rouge) is a local private Catholic school for grades pre-K through Eight. It opened on September 5, 1949 with 146 students in Kindergarten through grade 3, with it becoming K-5 in 1950, and with one grade level per subsequent year until it was K-8, with 345 students, in 1953. Its current grade 4-8 building opened in 1961 and its library opened in 1990.

It is in the service area of Baton Rouge Community College.

Government
After incorporating in 1916, the City of Port Allen operates under the Lawrason Act. The mayor is elected at large. The elected mayor is the city's chief executive officer and responsible for the daily activities and services of the city. The mayor's office includes the chief administrative officer and the chief financial officer.

There are five city council members, with four members elected from single-member districts and one member elected at-large. The council writes policies, adopts ordinances and resolutions, and appoints members to boards and commissions.

Mayors

 * Demetric "Deedy" Slaughter, mayor elected 2012, recalled 2013;
 * Lynn Robertson, mayor from 1993 to 2004, and in the interim mayor from December 2013 to May 2014;
 * Richard N. Lee, III (D), mayor elected April 5, 2014, re-elected 2016;

Points of interest

The West Baton Rouge Museum includes the museum, the c. 1830 Aillet House, a c. 1870s Reconstruction Era worker's cabin, and a c. 1890s cabin decorated to look as it would have during the Civil Rights Era), the c. 1880s Arbroth Plantation Store, the c. 1938 Reed Farm and Ranch Shotgun House, and a reproduction early 20th-century barn.

The City of Port Allen Railroad Depot is a museum depicting the life of railroad workers in the 1940s. It includes a ticket booth, clothing and memorabilia from that era, along with the typewriter originally used at the depot. The 1950 caboose, which is also open for tours, is the only one in Louisiana that is nearly fully restored to its original condition.

The Mississippi Riverfront Development offers a panoramic view of the Mighty Mississippi and Baton Rouge. The area includes a pedestrian promenade with special architectural paving, viewing benches, and ornamental street lighting. On this site a ferry operated between Port Allen and Baton Rouge from 1820 to 1968.

Scott's Cemetery is the burial place of African Americans in West Baton Rouge, dating to the 1850s and slavery times. It is located at the corner of Court and Commerce streets near the Riverfront Development.

The Port of Greater Baton Rouge, located in Port Allen, is the head of deepwater navigation on the Mississippi River, serving barges and ocean-going vessels with international import and export facilities for all types of cargo, from grain to paper products, chemicals, manufactured goods, bulk ores and petroleum products. It is one of the top ten ports in the country. It handles roughly 61 million short tons of cargo each year, has 3000 ft of dock and 550000 sqft of warehouse space. Its facilities include grain elevator storage, molasses, sugar, oil and coffee terminals.

The Port Allen Lock connects the Mississippi River to the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, shortening the distance to the Gulf of Mexico by approximately 120 mi. The Lock, a free-floating structure, is the largest of its kind. It serves as a man-made break in the levee. The massive structure has 90-ton doors and 64 ft sides. The lock was constructed in 1961 by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to replace the historic Plaquemine Lock. The Intracoastal Waterway is an east–west inland waterway shortcut that connects Florida and Texas, eliminating 130 mi of shipping distance.

Festivals
Port Allen Festivals have included the Lagniappe Dulcimer Fete Festival, Port Allen Bonfires on the Mississippi River, SugarFest, West Baton Rouge Parish Fair, Kite Fest Louisiane, and the Oldies but Goodies Fest.

Registered historical places
The National Register of Historic Places in Port Allen include the Aillet House, the Allendale Plantation Historic District, Monte Vista Plantation House, Poplar Grove Plantation House, Port Allen Middle School, Sandbar Plantation House, and the Smithfield Plantation House.

Notable people

 * Henry Watkins Allen, slave owner and planter.
 * Tracy Porter, formerly a cornerback for the Chicago Bears, who played for the New Orleans Saints in 2009. In the aftermath of the Super Bowl win, Port Allen first jokingly renamed the city "Porter Allen" for a day in Porter's honor.
 * Arthur T. Prescott, educator who was founding president of Louisiana Tech University in 1894, taught school in Port Allen from 1883 to 1884.
 * James “Slim Harpo” Moore Blues artist

title: Port Allen, Louisiana


text:
Epps, Louisiana

Epps is a village in West Carroll Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 358 at the 2020 census.

Geography
Epps is located at 32.60278°N, -91.47694°W (32.602656, -91.476990).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.0 sqmi, all land.

2020 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,153 people, 209 households, and 156 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,188.6 PD/sqmi. There were 237 housing units at an average density of 244.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 36.17% White, 63.05% African American, 0.09% Asian, and 0.69% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.30% of the population.

There were 209 households, out of which 37.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.8% were married couples living together, 21.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.9% were non-families. 23.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.89 and the average family size was 3.41.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 17.4% under the age of 18, 22.3% from 18 to 24, 40.5% from 25 to 44, 14.0% from 45 to 64, and 5.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females there were 268.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 338.7 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $20,956, and the median income for a family was $23,125. Males had a median income of $20,000 versus $15,804 for females. The per capita income for the village was $6,486. About 29.7% of families and 38.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 50.8% of those under age 18 and 48.5% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Public schools are operated by the West Carroll Parish School Board. The village of Epps is zoned to Epps High School (Grades PK-12).

Notable people

 * Jake Jones, a major league baseball player from 1941 to 1948, was born in Epps.

title: Epps, Louisiana