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Saratoga, New York

Saratoga is a town in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The population was 5,808 at the 2020 census. It is also the commonly used, but not official, name for the neighboring and much more populous city, Saratoga Springs. The major village in the town of Saratoga is Schuylerville, which is often, but not officially, called Old Saratoga. Saratoga contains a second village, named Victory.

Saratoga is a corruption of a Mohawk word. It was the name of Indian hunting grounds located along both sides of the Hudson River. According to the town's history, it derives from se-rach-ta-gue, meaning "the hillside country of the quiet river".

Saratoga is located on the eastern border of the county and is located east of Saratoga Springs, and is bordered by Saratoga Lake and the Hudson River.

The town sends students to Saratoga Springs City School District, Schuylerville Central School District, and Stillwater Central School District.

History
The name may derive from the Iroquoian se-rach-ta-gue or sa-ra-ta-ke, which the early Dutch settlers rendered as "Sarachtoge". A second early version of the name is, "Saraghtogo" but the origin remains unproven and thus uncertain.

The location was first settled at the end of the 17th century as "Fort Saratoga". Saratoga soon became contested land between British and French colonial forces, and the village of Saratoga (now Schuylerville) was destroyed by the French in 1745 during King George's War.

Saratoga was originally a district of Albany County stretching from north of the Mohawk River to Northumberland, including lands for six miles on both sides of the Hudson River. In 1775, the three districts were Ballstown, Halfmoon, and Saratoga.

It is best known as the location that British General John Burgoyne surrendered to American General Horatio Gates at the end of the Battles of Saratoga on October 17, 1777, often cited as the turning point for the United States during the American Revolution. The two battles took place in the town of Stillwater to the south, but the final 10 days of encampment and the actual surrender ceremony took place in Saratoga (Schuylerville).

In 1788, an act was passed organizing towns in place of districts and Stillwater was created from the Saratoga District, making four towns in what would become Saratoga County. These four mother towns were subdivided into the present 19 towns. The original town of Saratoga included the modern-day towns of Easton, Northumberland, Moreau, Wilton, portions of Greenfield and Corinth, and the city of Saratoga Springs. The first loss of territory was in 1789 to the town of Easton (now in Washington County). In 1798, the towns of Corinth, Greenfield, Northumberland, Moreau, and Wilton split from the town of Saratoga. In 1805, a narrow strip in the southwestern part of Saratoga was annexed to the town of Malta. In 1819, the town of Saratoga Springs was formed from the rest of the western part of the town of Saratoga. Later, this would become the city of Saratoga Springs.

The Saratoga Race Course, in the adjoining city of Saratoga Springs, is the oldest operating horse-racing course in the US.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 42.9 sqmi, of which 40.7 sqmi are land and 2.2 sqmi (5.22%) are  water.

The town line is formed by the Hudson River and is the border of Washington County. Fish Creek, a tributary of the Hudson, is the outflow of Saratoga Lake.

Transportation
U.S. Route 4 (Turning Point Trail ) follows the Hudson River along the eastern part of the town. New York State Route 29 (General Philip Schuyler Commemorative Highway) is an east–west highway, intersecting US-4 at Schuylerville. New York State Route 32 is a north–south highway, partly conjoined with US-4 near Schuylerville.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, 5,141 people, 2,026 households, and 1,387 families resided in the town. The population density was 126.4 PD/sqmi. The 2,286 housing units averaged 56.2 per square mile (21.7/km$2$). The racial makeup of the town was 97.80% White, 0.97% African American, 0.06% Native American, 0.16% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.23% from other races, and 0.72% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 1.17% of the population.

Of the 2,026 households, 31.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.9% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.5% were not families. About 24.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the town, the population was distributed as 24.6% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 29.9% from 25 to 44, 25.7% from 45 to 64, and 12.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $42,727, and for a family was $48,482. Males had a median income of $33,178 versus $27,654 for females. The per capita income for the town was $21,716. About 6.1% of families and 7.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.8% of those under age 18 and 6.2% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Saratoga

 * Burgoyne – A hamlet in the northern part of the town, it is named after the commander of the British forces at the Battles of Saratoga.
 * Cedar Bluffs, New York – A hamlet on the eastern shore of Saratoga Lake
 * Coveville – A hamlet along the Hudson River, located by The Cove on US-4
 * The Cove – An arm of the Hudson River
 * Deans Corners – A hamlet in the northwestern quarter of the town located at the junction of County Roads 67 and 70
 * Gates (hamlet) – A hamlet in the northern part of the town named after the commander of the American forces at the Battles of Saratoga
 * Grangerville, New York – A hamlet near the northern town line, west of Schuylerville on NY-29
 * Maple Shade, New York – A hamlet on the eastern shore of Saratoga Lake, south of Cedar Bluffs
 * Meyer Corners – A location in the southwestern section of Saratoga at the intersection of County Roads 70 and 71
 * Quaker Springs – A hamlet in the southern part of the town on NY-32
 * Saratoga Lake – (1) A hamlet at the northern end of (2) a lake named Saratoga Lake
 * Saratoga National Historical Park – A national historical park that includes the Schuyler House, Saratoga Monument, Victory Woods, and the Battlefield (in Stillwater).
 * Schuylerville – A village in the northeastern section of the town, located on US-4, NY-29&32, Champlain Canal, and Hudson River
 * Victory – A village in the northeastern part of the town, located on NY-32
 * Victory Mills – A post office name and the name of the last major mill in the village of Victory

title: Saratoga, New York


text:
Saratoga Springs, New York

Saratoga Springs is a city in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The population was 28,491 at the 2020 census. The name reflects the presence of mineral springs in the area, which has made Saratoga a popular resort destination for over 200 years. It is home to the Saratoga Race Course, a thoroughbred horse racing track, and Saratoga Performing Arts Center, a music and dance venue. The city's official slogan is "Health, History, and Horses".

History
The Mohawk Indigenous people used the area that is now Saratoga Springs as prime hunting ground, and some thought of the mineral springs as a gift from Manitou.

The British built Fort Saratoga in 1691 on the west bank of the Hudson River. During the early part of the 1700s, settlers from Europe began to develop the area. Shortly thereafter, British colonists settled the current village of Schuylerville approximately one mile south; it was known as Saratoga until 1831.

In 1767, William Johnson, a colonial British officer who was a hero of the French and Indian War, was brought by Native American friends to the spring to treat his war wounds. (In 1756, Johnson had been appointed British Superintendent of Indian Affairs in the Northeast region due to his success in building alliances with the Mohawk and other Iroquois nations. He had learned the language and created many trading relationships. He achieved great wealth from trading and landholdings, and was knighted for his service to the Crown with the Iroquois.)

The first permanent European-American settler built a dwelling in the area circa 1776. The springs attracted tourists, and Gideon Putnam built the first hotel for travelers. Putnam also laid out the roads and donated land for use as public spaces.

The Battles of Saratoga, the turning point of the Revolutionary War, did not take place in Saratoga Springs. Rather, the battlefield is 15 mi to the southeast, in the Town of Stillwater. A museum dedicated to the two battles sits on the former battlefields. The British encampment before the surrender at Saratoga took place 10 mi east of the city, in Schuylerville, where several historical markers delineate points of interest. The surrender of the sword of battle took place where Fort Saratoga had been, south of Schuylerville.

Saratoga Springs was established as a settlement in 1819 from a western portion of the Town of Saratoga. Its principal community was incorporated as a village in 1826, and the entire region became a city in 1915. Tourism was greatly aided by the 1832 arrival of the Saratoga and Schenectady Railroad, which brought thousands of travelers to the famous mineral springs. Resort hotels developed to accommodate them. Patronage of the railroad increased after the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company assumed control in 1870 and began running the Empire State Express directly between New York City and the resort.

In the 19th century, doctor Simon Baruch encouraged the development of European-style spas in the United States as centers for health. Due to the presence of mineral waters Saratoga Springs was developed as a spa, generating the development of several hotels, including the United States Hotel and the Grand Union Hotel. The latter was, in its day, the largest hotel in the world.

In 1863, Saratoga Race Course opened, moving to its current location the following year. Horse racing and its associated betting increased tourism at a time when horse racing was a popular national spectator sport. In addition, the Saratoga Springs area was known for its gambling, which after the first years of the 20th century was illegal, but still widespread. Most gambling facilities were located on Saratoga Lake, on the southeast side of the city.

By 1870, it was considered a top upscale resort relying on natural mineral springs, horse racing, gambling, and luxury hotels. World War II imposed travel restrictions which impacted the tourist industry. During the 1950s, the state and city closed the gambling houses in a crackdown on illegal gambling. The closing and demolition in the 1950s of some hotels, including the Grand Union and the United States hurt tourism.

The city became more accessible with the completion of the Adirondack Northway (Interstate 87), which allowed visitors easier access from the north and south. In addition, cultural resources such as classical and popular music and dance, flourished.

Mineral springs

The mineral springs occur along the east side of the Saratoga Fault which allows water trapped in subsurface shale layers to reach the surface. The fault displacement can be seen on the east side of Broadway with the best view of the fault at the High Rock Park cliff.

The Mohawk Indigenous peoples who inhabited this area used the springs for several hundred years before the arrival of European settlers. Later drilling technology was employed by settlers to tap into the spring sources, and by 1900, 203 springs were flowing, some of which were tapped for carbon dioxide extraction, as well as mineral water. This proved to be unsustainable, and by 1908, New York State passed restrictions on use to allow the aquifer to recharge. As of 2019, there are only 17 productive springs.

Toward the end of the 19th century, excessive pumping for commercial bottling was threatening to deplete the springs. In 1911, the New York State Reservation, now the Spa State Park, was created to protect the springs, and the Lincoln and Roosevelt bath houses were built. Currently, visitors can soak in the mineral waters at the historic Roosevelt Bath house, which also provides spa treatments.

The water from the springs is high in mineral contents, inclucing iron, magnesium, calcium, lithium, iodine, chromium, sodium, zinc, barium, and with 9 of the springs reporting radium content.

Believed by generations to have healing powers, springs can be found in multiple places around the town. However, scientists, dispute any medicinal properties from consuming the water due to the high levels of sodium and radium in some of the spring sources.

Most of the springs are covered by small pavilions and marked by plaques. Others are less conspicuous, sometimes just a spigot in a rock. The springs are famous for their varied and distinct tastes: some are clear freshwater, others are saltier, and some taste strongly of a certain mineral such as sodium bicarbonate or sodium chloride. There is a sulfurous odor, but mineral analysis of the water consistently shows almost no presence of dissolved sulfur. The sulfur is in the form of the gas hydrogen sulfide, which degasses from the water very quickly. Visitors are welcome to bottle the spring water for personal consumption.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 29.1 sqmi, of which 28.4 sqmi is land and 0.6 sqmi (2.17%) is water.

The Adirondack Northway of New York (Interstate 87) and US Route 9 pass alongside and through the city, respectively. New York State Route 29, New York State Route 50, New York State Route 9N, and New York State Route 9P lead into Saratoga Springs. NY 9N has its southern terminus and NY 9P has its northern terminus in the city. US 9 and NY 50 overlap in the city, joined briefly by NY 29.

Saratoga Lake is slightly south of the city.

2012
According to the 2010 U.S. Census Bureau:

 * 92.5% White
 * 1.7% Black
 * 0.1% Native American
 * 2.01% Asian
 * 0.0% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander
 * 3.1% Two or more races
 * 0.64% Other races
 * 4.0% Hispanic or Latino (of any race)

As of the census of 2012, there were 26,711 people, 11,312 households, and 5,923 families residing in the city. The population density was 921.1 PD/sqmi. There were 11,584 housing units at an average density of 407.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 92.5% White, 1.7% African American, 0.1% Native American, 2.01% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.64% from other races, and 3.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.0% of the population.

There were 11,312 households, out of which 25.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.1% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.5% were non-families. 35.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the city, the age distribution of the population shows 19.4% under the age of 18, 15.5% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 23.4% from 45 to 64, and 14.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.1 males.

In 2012, the median income for a household was $91,392, while the median income for a family was $114,560. Males had a median income of $61,582 versus $47,759 for females. About 3.0% of families and 7.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.3% of those under age 18 and 6.3% of those age 65 or over.

Economy
Saratoga Springs regards tourism as an industry during the warmer climate weather which becomes heightened around the season that the Saratoga Race Course becomes open to the general population.

The Saratoga Spring Water Co. (a division of Anheuser-Busch) is located on Geyser Road. Operating since 1872, this sparkling water has also been served at multiple presidential inaugurations in Washington, D.C., most recently for Barack Obama's second inauguration in 2013. It was also served to participants at the 2023 APEC Summit in San Francisco.

Arts and culture
The Saratoga Performing Arts Center (SPAC) is a covered outdoor amphitheater located on the grounds of the Saratoga Spa State Park, with a capacity of 5,000 in reserved seating and 20,000+ on its general admission lawn area. SPAC is the summer home of the Philadelphia Orchestra and the New York City Ballet, and has hosted a weekend-long jazz festival since 1978. Since 2006, the Saratoga Native American Festival has been held on SPAC grounds each fall.

Museums in the area include the National Museum of Dance and Hall of Fame, the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame, the Tang Teaching Museum and the Saratoga Automobile Museum.The singer Don McLean was a frequent performer there early in his career.

Saratoga Springs is home to Yaddo, a 400 acre artists' community, founded by Wall Street financier Spencer Trask and his wife, author Katrina Trask. Since its inception in 1900, Yaddo has hosted 68 authors who later won the Pulitzer Prize and one Nobel Prize winner, Saul Bellow. Leonard Bernstein, Truman Capote, Aaron Copland, Sylvia Plath, and David Sedaris have all been artists-in-residence. Over Presidents' Day weekend in February, Saratoga Springs draws more than 5000 attendees for the annual Flurry Festival, which features folk dance and music, including one of the largest contra dances in the United States.

Saratoga's New Year's celebration First Night Saratoga is the largest New Year's Eve event in New York outside of New York City.

Museums

 * The Frances Young Tang Teaching Museum and Art Gallery at Skidmore College
 * Schick Art Gallery, Skidmore College
 * National Museum Of Dance And Hall Of Fame
 * National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame
 * New York State Military Museum And Veterans Research Center
 * Saratoga Automobile Museum
 * Saratoga Springs History Museum
 * Children's Museum of Saratoga
 * Saratoga Arts Center

Live performance

 * Theater – Home Made Theater- A not-for-profit theater company located in the Spa Little Theater of Saratoga Spa State Park; Saratoga Shakespeare Company - the capital region's only professional classical theater company, established 2001
 * Ballet – New York City Ballet at Saratoga Performing Arts Center, Saratoga City Ballet
 * Opera – Opera Saratoga
 * Music – Caffe Lena, Saratoga Performing Arts Center, Saratoga Music Hall, Universal Preservation Hall

National Register of Historic Places listings
Saratoga Springs has sixteen places listed in the National Register of Historic Places:
 * Arrowhead Casino Prehistoric Site
 * Broadway Historic District
 * Canfield Casino and Congress Park
 * The Drinkhall
 * East Side Historic District
 * Franklin Square Historic District
 * Gideon Putnam Burying Ground
 * Petrified Sea Gardens
 * Pure Oil Gas Station
 * Saratoga Gas, Electric Light and Power Company Complex
 * Saratoga Spa State Park District
 * Hiram Charles Todd House
 * Union Avenue Historic District
 * US Post Office-Saratoga Springs
 * West Side Historic District
 * Yaddo

Outdoor sculpture
Horses Saratoga Style were two public art events held in 2002 and 2007 where local artists decorated fiberglass horse sculptures that were displayed throughout the city from June through October of the respective years the event was held; some remain on display in front of the businesses that sponsored them. Horses Saratoga Style was organized by the Saratoga County Arts Council and the YMCA of Saratoga.

Thoroughbred racing
Saratoga Race Course opened on August 3, 1863. The first track was located on East Avenue (at the present Oklahoma Training Track location) which is perpendicular to the present Saratoga Race Course, which opened the following year, founded by John Hunter and William R. Travers.

Harness racing
Saratoga Casino and Raceway, a harness (Standardbred) racetrack that includes a hotel, video gaming facility, nightclub, restaurants, racing casino, and a horse betting simulcast room.

Golf
There are three public golf courses in Saratoga Springs: Saratoga National Golf, Saratoga Spa Golf -Located in Saratoga Spa State Park, and Airway Meadows Golf Club, and one private golf course, the Saratoga Golf and Polo Club.

Saratoga Spa State Park
The Saratoga Spa State Park features the culture and mineral springs of Saratoga Springs. The park and includes hiking trails, picnic areas, pools, former and current historic bathhouses and mineral springs. The Saratoga Performing Arts Center (SPAC), Hall of Springs, National Museum of Dance and Hall of Fame, the Saratoga Automobile Museum, the Lincoln Mineral Bathhouse building, Roosevelt Mineral Baths and Spa, and the Gideon Putnam Resort are also located in the park.

Skateboard Park
The Saratoga Skatepark was built in 1989, and is located in the East Side Recreation area. It was New York State's first municipal skatepark. It includes a concrete skateboard "bowl" and cement ramps. In 2010 the city filled the pool with dirt, citing problems with graffiti, vandalism and "structural gaps" affecting the skating surface. In addition, the city said that it lacked funds to staff guards at the park and claimed it had spent nearly $200,000 on the park since it opened in 1989. A group of skateboarders lobbied for the park, and as of 2023, the redesigned skate park was open.

Government
The Saratoga Springs charter specifies a "commission" form of city government. Recent efforts to amend the charter have not been successful. The most recent charter change proposal appeared on the ballot in the November 2020 election and was overwhelmingly defeated. Prior attempts have netted mixed results with the closest margin of votes in 2017 where a difference of 10 votes upheld the current system of government.

Education
Empire State College and Skidmore College are both located in Saratoga Springs; Verrazzano College (1969–1975) was also located there. During the summer, Skidmore is one of several hosts for the Johns Hopkins Center for Talented Youth. Eastern Nazarene College, located in Quincy, Massachusetts, was founded in Saratoga Springs as the Pentecostal Collegiate Institute and Biblical Seminary at the turn of the 20th century.

The Saratoga Springs City School District is made up of:
 * Saratoga Springs High School (sign), Saratoga Springs, New York.jpg on Circular Street in the city of Saratoga Springs, New York]]Six elementary schools (kindergarten through grade five) – Lake Avenue, Caroline Street, Division Street and Geyser Road in the City of Saratoga Springs; Greenfield in the Town of Greenfield; and Dorothy Nolan in the Town of Wilton
 * One middle school (grades six through eight) – Maple Avenue Middle School in the Town of Wilton
 * One high school (grades nine through twelve) – Saratoga Springs High School located on the West side on Blue Streak Boulevard in the City of Saratoga Springs.

Private schools in Saratoga Springs include Saratoga Central Catholic High School, St. Clement's Regional Catholic School, The Waldorf School of Saratoga Springs, and Saratoga Independent School. Alternatively, some local children commute to Albany area schools such as The Emma Willard School, The Albany Academies, Doane Stuart School and La Salle Institute.

Media

 * Grid (formerly Saratoga Wire) daily online newspaper
 * The Saratogian newspaper (daily)
 * Saratoga TODAY newspaper (weekly)
 * Saratoga Business Journal newspaper (bi-weekly)
 * The Spotlight newspaper (weekly)
 * Eco Local magazine (monthly)
 * Saratoga Seasons magazine
 * Saratoga Living magazine (quarterly)
 * Simply Saratoga magazine (by-monthly)
 * The Skidmore News
 * Skidmore Unofficial
 * Saratoga.com
 * Saratogabusiness.net
 * Look TV television station

Transportation
A general aviation facility, Saratoga County Airport, is located west of the city in Milton.

Amtrak provides daily rail service to Saratoga Springs, operating the Adirondack between Montreal and New York City, and the Ethan Allen Express between Rutland, Vermont, and New York City.

Bus service includes Greyhound Bus Lines, Adirondack Trailways, Capital District Transportation Authority, and Megabus.

Interstate 87 passes through the city.

In popular culture
Saratoga Springs, Saratoga Race Course, and Saratoga society are frequently featured on-screen and mentioned in films and television.

Films featuring Saratoga Springs

 * 12 Years a Slave (2013) – Chiwetel Ejiofor, Lupita Nyong'o, Michael Fassbender, Benedict Cumberbatch
 * A Dog Year (2009) – Jeff Bridges, Lauren Ambrose
 * Aftermath (2008) – Chris Penn's last film
 * Ass Backwards (2013) – Casey Wilson, June Diane Raphael, Alicia Silverstone, Jon Cryer
 * Billy Bathgate (1991) – Dustin Hoffman, Nicole Kidman; the Kidman dancing scene was shot at the Hall of Springs.
 * Feast of Friends (1970) – The Doors' self-produced documentary; features lengthy concert footage at SPAC (on 9/1/68) and Jim Morrison reciting poetry backstage.
 * Ghost Story (1981) – Fred Astaire, John Houseman; houses on North Broadway were used as homes in this film. Cast included Fred Astaire, John Houseman, and Douglas Fairbanks, Jr.
 * The Homestretch (1947) – Maureen O'Hara, Cornel Wilde
 * Lolita (1962) – James Mason, Shelley Winters
 * My Old Man (1979) – Kristy McNichol, Warren Oates, Eileen Brennan; made-for-TV movie, based on an Ernest Hemingway story, was filmed at Saratoga Race Course, various locations in Saratoga Springs, and throughout Saratoga County.
 * Nobody's Fool (1994) – Paul Newman, Bruce Willis
 * Paul's Case (1980) – Eric Roberts, Lindsay Crouse
 * Saratoga (1937) – Clark Gable, Lionel Barrymore, Jean Harlow; notable for being Harlow's last film, as she collapsed on set during filming and died. Multiple scenes shot at Saratoga. Filmed on location at the Saratoga Race Course.
 * Saratoga Trunk (1945) – Gary Cooper, Ingrid Bergman
 * Seabiscuit (2003) – Tobey Maguire, Jeff Bridges; scenes filmed inside and out front of the Canfield Casino, racing scenes shot at the Saratoga Race Course in November 2002.
 * The Horse Whisperer (1998) – Robert Redford, Scarlett Johansson; special effects for the horse and rider accident were shot on location at the southern end of Saratoga Spa State Park. Also, a room at the Gideon Putnam Hotel was made into a shoddier motel room.
 * The Skeptic (2009) – Tom Arnold, Zoe Saldana
 * The Time Machine (2002) – Guy Pearce, Samantha Mumba
 * The Way We Were (1973) – Robert Redford, Barbra Streisand
 * Virgin Alexander (2012) – Rick Faugno, Paige Howard, Bronson Pinchot

Radio

 * Saratoga Springs was the setting for a radio soap opera by the same name, created by ZBS Foundation and written by Meatball Fulton. The 1989 series was produced as 90 four-minute daily episodes for National Public Radio. The story incorporates Saratoga Springs historical facts and utilizes local actors as well as ZBS regulars. Lena Spencer of Caffe Lena is listed as playing herself. A "Best of Saratoga Springs" compilation (c. 2004) can be purchased from ZBS (www.zbs.org). During spring and early summer, 2007, the original four-minute episodes were podcast by ZBS.

Television

 * In the Western series Maverick, Saratoga Springs serves as the primary setting of the season 3 episode "Maverick Springs" in which Bret Maverick, played by James Garner, is hired to convince a wealthy rancher's brother to return home.
 * In the pilot episode of the 1960s sitcom Green Acres, it was noted that Eddie Albert's character of Oliver Wendell Douglas was born in Saratoga Springs.
 * In the sci-fi series, The Orville, Saratoga Springs is featured in the 11th episode of season 2, "Lasting Impressions", which first aired on March 21, 2019. A time capsule from 2015 is unearthed out of Saratoga Springs approximately 400 years in the future by the ship's crew. One of the items contributed is a smartphone by a young woman who is a native of the city named Laura Huggins, played by Leighton Meester, who wanted future discoverers to know about her and her life. She becomes the object of infatuation by the ship's helmsman, Gordon Malloy, played by Scott Grimes. Gordon uploads the phone's data to the ship's computer and requests a simulation of Laura's environment and life in Saratoga Springs.
 * In the period drama The Gilded Age, Saratoga Springs is mentioned in the 8th episode of season 1, "Tucked Up in Newport," when Agnes van Rhijn, played by Christine Baranski, mentions that Saratoga Springs was popular "when [she] was a bride."

Music

 * In the song "Adelaide's Lament" in the 1950 Broadway musical Guys and Dolls, Adelaide, who has an eternal cold caused by her fiancé's refusal to finally marry, sings "When they get on that train to Niagara / She can hear church bells chime / The compartment is air-conditioned / And the mood sublime... / Then they get off at Saratoga for the fourteenth time / A person can develop la grippe!".
 * In the 1972 Carly Simon song "You're So Vain" the singer references horseracing in Saratoga Springs: "Well, I hear you went up to Saratoga, and your horse naturally won ...".
 * In 1987, Whitney Houston's music video for "Didn't We Almost Have It All", the second single from her second studio album, was filmed at Saratoga Performing Arts Center. The video was rotated regularly on MTV and it eventually became her fifth (of a record-breaking seven) consecutive number one hits on the Billboard 100 chart.
 * On September 1, 1977, Jackson Browne recorded "Rosie" at SPAC and it appeared on the platinum album Running on Empty the following year.

Food

 * It is believed that the club sandwich was invented in the Canfield Casino in 1894.
 * A legend claims that potato chips were invented at Moon's Lake House on Saratoga Lake by George Crum in 1854, in response to a customer's constant remarks about his french fries being cut too thick. However, the first recorded recipe appears in William Kitchiner's 1817 The Cook's Oracle.

Other

 * Walt Disney World Resort has a themed resort called Disney's Saratoga Springs Resort & Spa, whose theme and design pays homage to this city. Additionally, the Walt Disney World Railroad station at Main Street U.S.A. in the Magic Kingdom was modeled after and closely resembles the culturally significant Victorian style railroad depot that once stood within downtown Saratoga Springs.
 * The James Bond novel Diamonds are Forever contained several scenes set in Saratoga Springs and its racecourse.
 * Saratoga native Solomon Northup's memoir Twelve Years a Slave was made into a hit movie in 2013.

Sister cities

 * 🇫🇷 Vichy (France) since 1994
 * Waveland, Mississippi. In the spring of 2006, Saratoga Springs decided to help out the people of Waveland in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina via a "Mardi Gras" themed festival downtown.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Saratoga Springs, New York


text:
Schuylerville, New York

Schuylerville is a village in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The village is located in the northeastern part of the Town of Saratoga, east of Saratoga Springs. The Village of Victory is adjacent to Schuylerville to the southwest and the Hudson River forms the village's eastern border. The population was 1,370 at the 2020 census. The village was incorporated in 1831 and is named after the Schuyler family, a prominent family of Dutch descent in colonial America.

Schuylerville was the site of the surrender of the British Army under General John Burgoyne, following the Battles of Saratoga (1777) in the nearby town of Stillwater. Schuylerville contains several historic buildings, including the General Schuyler House, part of the Saratoga National Historical Park, and Old Saratoga Reformed Church. The schools of the Schuylerville Central School District are located in the village, as are the offices of the Town of Saratoga. The village is served by a public library, Fort Hardy Park, a visitor's center, Schuyler Hose Company volunteer fire department and several churches. Village government consists of a mayor and four trustees.

Nearby cultural attractions include the Saratoga Performing Arts Center, Saratoga Race Course, Saratoga National Historical Park and Glens Falls Civic Center. Skidmore College, SUNY Empire State College and Adirondack Community College are also nearby.

History
Inhabited by Native Americans as late as 820 A.D., the region was eventually settled by Dutch settlers from Albany in 1691, who called the region Fort Saratoga. These settlers included the influential Schuyler family. Conflicts occurred among the French, Mohawk, Mohican, Dutch, and English peoples. The peace of 1763 between France and England resulted in this area being available for settlement. Homes and mills were built by European Americans, including General Phillip Schuyler's flax mill in 1767 (the first of its kind in the American colonies).

The community that developed near the fort was originally called "Saratoga", but was partly destroyed by the French and their Native allies in 1745 during King George's War. The Old Saratoga Reformed Church was organized in 1770. It was used as a hospital during the Revolutionary War.

Revolutionary War
In 1777, the British Army under General Burgoyne crossed the Hudson River, one-half mile north of Schuylerville (known then as Saratoga) on their campaign from Canada to Albany in an attempt to end the American Revolution by splitting the colonies in two. The British marched south approximately nine miles to Bemis Heights, near present-day Stillwater, where American troops engaged them in the two Battles of Saratoga, the first on September 19 and the second on October 7, 1777. The British advance was stopped by the American forces, and the British retreated back northward to an encampment along Fish Creek, just outside the village. The Saratoga Battle Monument in the Village of Victory is located near the site of the British encampment.

American forces blocked further British retreat and surrounded the encampment. With winter approaching and no hope of escape, the British were forced to surrender. On October 17, 1777, General Burgoyne surrendered his army to American General Horatio Gates, marking the turning point of the American Revolution. The British laid down their arms in what is now Fort Hardy Park in the Village of Schuylerville. The American victory at Saratoga was enough to convince France to throw their support to the American cause, and Spain eventually followed France's lead.

Historic sites
The Schuyler House, the Bullard Block, Old Saratoga Reformed Church, and St. Stephen's Episcopal Church are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The Marshall House is listed as a significant Revolutionary War historic site and is the sole surviving building from the time of the Battles of Saratoga. Situated next to the towering Saratoga Monument, the Prospect Hill Cemetery opened in 1865.

The Marshall House lies one mile north of the village center on US Highway 4 and NY Highway 32. It was made famous by the publication of Baroness Frederika Riedesel's Letters and Journals relating to the War of the American Revolution and the Capture of the German Troops at Saratoga.

This house was built in 1770–1773. During the closing days of the Battles of Saratoga, Baroness Riedesel with her three infant daughters sheltered there, together with the wives of British army officers and wounded personnel. Her account of the travails of those around her, her keen insight into the personalities of the principal officers of both the British and American armies, and her devotion to her husband in peril have led some commentators to name her as the first woman war correspondent.

The Marshall House was bombarded by the Americans, who assumed it to be an enemy headquarters. Within are conserved cannonballs and other reminders of the ordeal suffered by those who took refuge there. The stone cellar, made famous by the baroness, is largely unchanged. The Marshall House is the sole remaining witness building to the Battles of Saratoga. The owners welcome visitors by appointment.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.6 sqmi, of which 0.5 sqmi is land and 0.1 sqmi  (10.34%) is water.

The village is on the west bank of the Hudson River, which defines the county line of Washington County.

U.S. Route 4 and NY Route 29 intersect in the community. NY Route 32 is conjoined with US-4 in the village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2010, 1,386 people, 593 households, and 356 families were residing in the village. The population density was 2,622.5 PD/sqmi. The 663 housing units averaged 1,254.5 per square mile (484.3/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 96.4% White, 1.2% African American, 0.9% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 3.3% of the population.

Of the 593 households, 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.8% were married couples living together, 16.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40% were not families. About 32.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31, and the average family size was 2.91.

In the village, the population was distributed as 25.1% under the age of 20, 22.7% from 20 to 34, 22.2% from 35 to 49, 16.6% from 50 to 64, and 13.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37.1 years.

According to the 2009-2013 American Community Survey Five-year Estimates, the median income for a household in the village was $55,284, and the median income for a family was $67,768. Males had a median income of $50,625 versus $32,629 for females. The per capita income for the village was $24,157. About 7.8% of families and 12% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.4% of those under age 18 and 18.9% of those age 65 or over.

In the March 25, 1990, issue of The New York Times, writer James Howard Kunstler published a piece entitled "Schuylerville Stands Still". He portrayed Schuylerville as an example of rural "rot and disrepair", citing unemployment, broken sidewalks, and dented cans at Mini Mart, a local mini market. Residents reacted negatively to his feature. Kunstler also used Schuylerville as an example of a town in decline in a chapter titled "The loss of community" in his 1993 book, The Geography of Nowhere.

Environmental concerns
Since the late 20th century, much debate has arisen about dredging the Hudson River in the area bordering the east side of the Village of Schuylerville. The General Electric (GE) transformer plant dumped PCBs upstream in Hudson Falls from 1947 to 1977. GE and the United States Environmental Protection Agency have come to an agreement in which GE is responsible for dredging a 40 mi stretch of the river. The first part of the dredging will end in Schuylerville.

In a press release from the EPA dated February 8, 2007, the EPA announced that the dredging would not start until 2009 because of various project complications. The debate over dredging the Hudson River created tension within the community from the mid- to late 1990s to about 2003. The debate was heated for some time, with some residents skeptical as to whether dredging will make the problem better or worse. This is said to be the largest Superfund project in the United States.

title: Schuylerville, New York


text:
South Glens Falls, New York

South Glens Falls is a village in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The population was 3,744 at the 2020 census. The village is in the northern part of the Town of Moreau, south of the City of Glens Falls.

Cooper's Cave, shown on the village seal, is named after the author, James Fenimore Cooper. Cooper was inspired to use the area as a location in his novel, The Last of The Mohicans, after visiting the area.

History
In the late Woodland period, the area was considered to be the winter hunting grounds for the Mohawk and Algonquian tribes. Slowly, the area became attractive to settlement as good were transported through the "Great Carry" (now Route 9), between Glens Falls and Fort Edward.

In 1766, the Daniel Parks family was the first family to settle into the area after receiving 800 acre of land, on which they built a house and a saw mill. By the mid-1830s, the settlement boasted saw mills, a grist mill, a cotton mill and a quarry as well as a dock to facilitate commerce.

The Village was formally incorporated in 1895 as a result of an effort to form a public water system.

The Historical Society of Moreau and South Glens Falls is housed in the Parks-Bentley House, added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

Education
South Glens Falls Central School District (SGFCSD) is registered by the New York State Department of Education and was chartered by the New York State Board of Regents in 1945. SGFCSD covers approximately 70 sqmi, serving the towns of Moreau, Northumberland and Wilton. It consists of four elementary schools (grades K-5), one middle school (grades 6-8) and one high school (grades 9-12). Total enrollment in the district is 3,350 students. Student-to-teacher ratio currently stands at 15:1, with more than half of the teaching staff having 20 years of classroom experience. Total per pupil costs are among the lowest in Saratoga County and is governed by a nine-member Board of Education.

Elementary schools

 * Ballard Elementary School
 * Harrison Avenue Elementary School
 * Moreau Elementary School
 * Tanglewood Elementary School

Middle school

 * Oliver W. Winch Middle School·

High school
South Glens Falls Central School District Website
 * South Glens Falls Senior High School (located at 42 Merritt Road, South Glens Falls, NY 12803)

South Glens Falls Senior High School, locally known as South High, is the host of the annual South High Marathon Dance, where high school students raise money for families, individuals, or causes identified as in need. The inaugural event, in 1978, raised about $1500 for the local Emergency Squad. As of 2016, the Marathon Dance had raised a cumulative total of over $5.5 million for various causes, individuals, and families.

Law and government
The Village is served by the South Glens Falls Police Department.

The Village is governed by a Mayor and a four-person Village Board.

Geography
South Glens Falls is located at 43.29639°N, -73.63417°W (43.296406, -73.634296).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.5 sqmi, of which 1.4 sqmi is land and 0.1 sqmi  (9.40%) is water.

The village is located on the south bank of the Hudson River and is off exit 17N of Interstate 87.

U.S. Route 9, New York State Route 32 and County Road 28, all north-south highways, converge in the village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,368 people, 1,523 households, and 851 families residing in the village. The population density was 2,500.6 PD/sqmi. There were 1,616 housing units at an average density of 1,199.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.52% White, 0.68% African American, 0.09% Native American, 0.15% Asian, 0.12% from other races, and 0.45% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.62% of the population.

There were 1,523 households, out of which 25.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.9% were married couples living together, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.1% were non-families. 36.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.90.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 21.7% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 30.5% from 25 to 44, 21.8% from 45 to 64, and 17.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $31,623, and the median income for a family was $41,694. Males had a median income of $31,757 versus $24,046 for females. The per capita income for the village was $17,260. About 8.3% of families and 10.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.9% of those under age 18 and 13.0% of those age 65 or over.

title: South Glens Falls, New York


text:
Victory, Saratoga County, New York

 * Another Victory is a town in Cayuga County, New York.

Victory is a village in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The population was 666 at the 2020 census. The village is located in the northeastern part of the town of Saratoga, southwest of and bordering the village of Schuylerville. Victory is one of the smallest villages in New York.

History

The village was incorporated in 1849. The name Victory is most certainly to commemorate the defeat of the British at the Battles of Saratoga, where Burgoyne surrendered his sword to Gates.

The village has also been called "Victory Mills" due to the large (now defunct) cotton mill of the Saratoga Victory Manufacturing Company. The company operated there from 1846 to 1929 and was centrally located on the primary road through town, Gates Avenue. The US Postal Service refers to the village's ZIP code as Victory Mills.

The Victory Mills building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on January 19, 2010.

Geography
Victory is located at 43.08861°N, -73.59361°W (43.088514, -73.593563).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.5 square mile (1.4 km2), all land.

The village is located on the north bank of Fish Creek, a tributary of the nearby Hudson River.

New York State Route 32, Gates Avenue, passes through the village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 544 people, 189 households, and 144 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,030.7 PD/sqmi. There were 216 housing units at an average density of 409.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.61% White, 0.55% African American, 0.37% Native American, and 1.47% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.29% of the population.

There were 189 households, out of which 46.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.5% were married couples living together, 13.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.8% were non-families. 18.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.88 and the average family size was 3.19.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 30.1% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 32.2% from 25 to 44, 17.3% from 45 to 64, and 12.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $41,250, and the median income for a family was $37,292. Males had a median income of $29,219 versus $22,656 for females. The per capita income for the village was $17,484. About 10.7% of families and 9.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.8% of those under age 18 and 2.4% of those age 65 or over.

title: Victory, Saratoga County, New York


text:
Wilton, New York

Wilton is a town in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The population was 17,361 at the 2020 census.

The Town of Wilton is in the northeastern part of the county, northeast of Saratoga Springs, which it borders. The town is a local economic hub, and hosts much suburban development, especially compared to its neighboring towns.

History
The region, once called "Palmertown," was first settled by Europeans around 1764. The Town of Wilton was created in 1818 from the Town of Northumberland.

The Grant Cottage State Historic Site is located in Wilton, in an area known as Mount McGregor, which is the highest peak of the Palmertown Range, mostly north of Wilton. This site is the place where Ulysses S. Grant died of throat cancer in 1885 just after completing his memoirs.

A narrow-gauge railway built in 1882, the Saratoga, Mount McGregor and Lake George Railroad, ran through Wilton.

Throughout the 1990s the town took advantage of its proximity to Saratoga Springs, by expanding suburban and commercial areas. The Wilton Mall is located in the town, as well as many large retail stores off of exit 15 on I-87. This economic development damaged downtown Saratoga at the time, however today Saratoga has recovered.

Notable people

 * Henry D. Barron, Wisconsin jurist and legislator
 * Ulysses S. Grant, U.S. President (died here)
 * Edgar T. Brackett, politician and businessman
 * Tabor B. Reynolds, physician and politician
 * Seneca Ray Stoddard, photographer and naturalist
 * Roy J. McDonald, NY Senator

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 36.0 sqmi, of which 35.9 sqmi  is land and 0.1 sqmi  (0.25%) is water.

U.S. Route 9 and the Adirondack Northway (Interstate 87) are parallel north–south highways. New York State Route 50 is a north–south highway in the eastern part of Wilton.

The town is mostly located on the flat plain surrounding the Hudson River. On the western side of the town, the plain gives way to the cliffs of the McGregor Fault, and the Palmertown Range, this can be seen along US Route 9.

Demographics
As of the census of 2020, there were 17,361 people.

The majority of the population resides close to the border with Saratoga Springs, the north, east, and west parts of the town are relatively rural.

Government
The Town Council is a five-member legislative body, consisting of the Supervisor and four councilmen. The Supervisor is the presiding officer of the council, the chief administrator of town affairs, and the town's legislative representative on the Saratoga County Board of Supervisors. Other elected officials are the Town Clerk, Superintendent of Highways and two Town Justices.

Supervisor - Art Johnson (R, C, I)

Council people:
 * John Lant (R, I)
 * Steven Streicher (R, C)
 * John McEachron, Sr. (R)
 * JoAnn Klepetar (D)

Town Clerk - Susan Baldwin (R, C, I)

Highway Superintendent - Kirklin Woodcock (R, C)

Town Justice:
 * Gearald Worth (R, C)
 * David Towne (R, I, C)

Communities and locations in Wilton

 * Ballard Corners – A hamlet by the eastern town line on NY-50 at the junction of County Road 33.
 * Barnes Corners – A location in the southeastern part of the town on NY-50.
 * Dimmick Corners – A location in the northeastern part of the town on County Road 32.
 * Gurn Spring – A hamlet southeast of Wilton village on County Road 33.
 * Kings Station – A hamlet south of Wilton village on US-9.
 * Loughberry Lake – A small lake in the southwestern section of Wilton.
 * Mt. McGregor Correctional Facility – A New York state medium security prison at the northern town line (now closed). On its grounds lies the Grant Cottage.
 * Travers Corners – A hamlet south of Wilton village.
 * Wilton – The hamlet of Wilton in located on US-9 at the junction with County Roads 101, 32, 33, and 34, in the northern part of the town.
 * Hunters Wood – A community located along southern Loughberry Lake.
 * Birch Acres – A neighborhood located along Jones Road.
 * Vincek Corner – Located along the junction of Jones Road, and Smith Bridge Road.

title: Wilton, New York


text:
Delanson, New York

Delanson is a village in Schenectady County, New York, United States. The population was 377 at the 2010 census. Delanson is in the southeastern portion of the town of Duanesburg.

Geography
Delanson is located at 42.74861°N, -74.18528°W (42.748640, -74.185222).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.6 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 385 people, 151 households, and 109 families residing in the village. The population density was 616.7 PD/sqmi. There were 156 housing units at an average density of 249.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 95.06% White, 1.30% African American, 1.56% Native American, 0.26% from other races, and 1.82% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.26% of the population.

There were 151 households, out of which 33.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.9% were married couples living together, 6.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.8% were non-families. 21.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.9% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 30.6% from 25 to 44, 25.7% from 45 to 64, and 11.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.3 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $58,036, and the median income for a family was $60,000. Males had a median income of $38,889 versus $30,000 for females. The per capita income for the village was $24,114. None of the families and 0.5% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 4.1% of those over 64.

History
The village of Delanson is situated in the southern part of the town of Duanesburg, Schenectady County, New York. It lies between the historic Cherry Valley Turnpike, also known as the Third Great Western Turnpike (now part of US 20), and another highway once known as the Danforth Turnpike (now New York State Route 7).

Under the name of Delanson, its history dates back only to 1893. The sister village of Quaker Street, situated approximately one-half mile to the south of Delanson and on the Danforth Turnpike (now New York Route 7), was the pioneer business center serving the surrounding territory before the era of railroad transportation. What is now known as Delanson was then referred to as Toad Hollow because it lies to the head of the Normans Kill drainage.

The Albany and Susquehanna Railroad, being authorized and organized by the state legislature to construct a railroad from Albany to Binghamton, built the railroad in sections. The first section extended from Albany to Central Bridge, and their engineers, seeking a favorable grade, found the desired route passed through the upper part of the Normans Kill valley which provided an improved means of transportation for this vicinity. This section was constructed from 1861 to 1863 inclusive, and in the latter year transportation was established between the above-named points. To best serve the needs of Quaker Street, a site was chosen for a station and other necessary facilities. A station and freight house were erected on the east side of the highway crossing, between certain tracks existing at that time. This was given the name Quaker Street Station.

The Delaware and Hudson Canal Company was organized and was expanded by buying or leasing railroads from Rouses Point, New York to Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania and the canal from Honesdale, Pennsylvania to Rondout, New York. The Albany and Susquehanna Railroad was leased to the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company and became part of its Susquehanna Division. Later, the canal properties were sold to Samuel Coykendall, who dropped the word "canal" from the corporation title. The Schenectady and Duanesburg Railroad was built from Delanson to Schenectady; at Delanson it connected with, and became part of, the Susquehanna division of the Delaware and Hudson Railroad. The formation of a junction brought increased activities to this point, making it necessary for more men to be employed.

Of necessity homes were built for the accommodation of those employed in their different capacities by the railroad. Several business places opened up, including a coal business owned and operated by Mr. Hicks Sheldon. He conducted this business until the time of his death, after which it was purchased by Mr. W. C Briggs.

For many years Doctors Hill and Roche of Quaker Street gave medical attention to persons in the territory.

For a few years there was a creamery, but this did not last long and was sold to Charles Washburn, who changed it to a storehouse. On the east side of the railroad tracks a saw mill was built and later expanded to include feed grinding, flour milling, and dealing in lumber supplies, successively owned and operated by A. Ball, Peter Hunt, Charles Washburn, and Briggs and Horohoe.

In keeping with the times two hotels were brought into being for the accommodation of the traveling public; one by James Shoudy and the other later owned by Richard Mackey.

Because of the nature of the employment, the population of the village was largely of the transient type with employees coming here to work for terms of different duration and leaving through advancement, promotion, or the desire to seek other employment due to the proximity of Schenectady with its extensive enterprises. This being the case, there is a considerable lack of accurate records, and this makes it difficult to record in true order the events which contributed to the growth of the village.

During the decade preceding 1890 there was considerable discussion over choosing a name for the settlement. The name "Caryell", after a man living here, was proposed. C. D. Hammond, who was superintendent of the Delaware and Hudson Railroad, named it Delanson, coining the word from Delaware and Hudson. He took the first three letters of Delaware (Del), the first two of "and" (an), and added the last three letters of the word Hudson (son), making the complete word "Delanson". Thus the name had changed from Toad Hollow to Quaker Street Station to Delanson.

Because the post office was located at Quaker Street, and feeling the need for more adequate post office facilities, a movement was started to establish a post office at Delanson. Providing the name of the community was the first necessary step in the process of securing a post office. In 1893, a post office was established in the store of one Ed Wilber, which building has continually housed the post office to the date of this compilation. Wilber was appointed acting postmaster in 1893, and was succeeded in December of the same year by Mr. Lorin H. White, Delanson's first regularly appointed postmaster.

During the agitation for a name, a post office, and other matters necessary to a new community, the people were not unmindful of their needs for a place in which to worship. The reward of their efforts was the Methodist Episcopal Church, erected in 1877–78, which still stands and adequately serves its purpose. The pastor of this church for many years also presided at the services in the old North Church located at Lee's Church, sometimes known as Lee's Corners. The parsonage was built in 1886 on the south side of the church.

The last portion of the railroad, Bainbridge to Binghamton, was completed in 1869 and through traffic was established; this resulted in increasing activities to the railroad. Car inspectors were employed; cripple track service for the repair of damaged cars and a roundhouse for the care of locomotives were some of the facilities provided in keeping with the upward trend of business. In 1885, the first station, and hay barn adjoining, burned. Immediately a new station was erected on the present site. Building a new station here necessitated the removal of the first crude method of refueling locomotives, and a turntable, to a new location. The new refueling plant was provided at a point near the present water tanks and served for several years. About 1900, a greatly improved refueling plant was coal storage facilities was built, this served until 1929 when the refueling of engines was discontinued at this point. Although a considerable number of men had found employment in different capacities, a policy of retrenchment was adopted as was general on all railroad due to business conditions, with the result that all of the smaller terminals were eliminated, thus removing this source of employment.

The hotel and restaurant owned and operated by Mr. James Shoudy, located just south of the station burned in June 1891. The restaurant was never rebuilt but Mr. Shoudy immediately started reconstruction of the hotel on the old foundation. This locally supported two blacksmith's shops, one of which stood on the site of the present post office building and was later moved to its present location, the other was located east of the highway crossing on the lands of James Shoudy – this was razed in 1933.

Early in the 1880s, a small greenhouse was built under the direction of Mrs. H. W. Harris. To this was added, at different times, four other units as the volume of business expanded. Later, her son assumed ownership and operation of the flourishing business. Since then Mr. Kapper and then Mr. R. P. Hagadorn purchased and operated the greenhouse – after approximately fifty five years of service this was torn down.

The demands for improved water service for both railroad and domestic purposes reached a stage beyond the ability of private means to supply. As a result, the Duanesburg Water Company was incorporated and a reservoir with the necessary means of distribution was installed. The reservoir was located north of the Delanson and just south of the Cherry Valley Turnpike. This construction took place in 1895. Another reservoir was added about 1909.

Surrounding territory supplied the railroad with a considerable amount of business through the shipment of hay, handled by dealers located here at different times. Some of them were D.A. Ball, John Ball, Fox and Terpening, Lauren Webster, R.A. Babcock, Harold Babcock, and Ernest Babcock, who is local representative of Grange League Federation and conducts a feed store.

Delanson's first postmaster, L.H. White, also established in 1894 an undertaking and furniture business which he conducted until his death. Mr. Galen White, his son assumed ownership then and has continued the business. Mr. L.H. White further increased his activities by representing this district in the state legislature.

Prior to 1920, there were from time to time serious discussions on fire protection and the question of establishing a fire district or incorporating the village. The first step was to organize a volunteer fire department in 1920. This was followed in 1921 by the incorporation of the village. A small hand-drawn hosecart and chemical apparatus was purchased; later a motorized pumper was bought. Mr. R.A. Babcock was the first president of the village. Under his supervision, and with the aid of a progressive board of trustees, a building was built, to be known as the Village Hall, and with provisions for housing the fire-fighting equipment and headquarters for the fire department. This building, started in 1922, and completed in 1923, contains, besides the above-mentioned features, an auditorium, a room for the Village Board and a fully equipped kitchen.

In 1925, the Fulton County Gas and Electric Company established service in this village, providing street lights and current for domestic use.

As has been stated before, many sources of employment on the railroad were established which caused the removal of many employees from this point. Since that time families have moved here to occupy the homes but many of them are employed elsewhere, principally in Schenectady. This has changed the type of village from commercial to residential.

A number of historic buildings were included in the Delanson Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. The Christman Bird and Wildlife Sanctuary was listed in 1970.

title: Delanson, New York


text:
Duane Lake, New York

Duane Lake is a census-designated place (CDP) in Schenectady County, New York, United States. The population was 323 at the 2010 census.

The CDP is named after a small lake in the southern part of the town of Duanesburg.

Geography
Duane Lake is located at 42.75222°N, -74.11361°W (42.752223, -74.113563).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.6 sqmi, of which 2.4 sqmi is land and 0.2 sqmi, or 7.00%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 357 people, 128 households, and 104 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 149.3 PD/sqmi. There were 144 housing units at an average density of 60.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 99.16% White, 0.28% Native American, 0.28% from other races, and 0.28% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.28% of the population.

There were 128 households, out of which 34.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.5% were married couples living together, 7.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.8% were non-families. 10.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 2.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.79 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 24.1% under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 33.9% from 45 to 64, and 7.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 108.5 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $77,913, and the median income for a family was $78,702. Males had a median income of $45,278 versus $31,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $28,530. About 8.0% of families and 11.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 38.8% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

title: Duane Lake, New York


text:
East Glenville, New York

East Glenville is a hamlet (and a census-designated place) in Schenectady County, New York, United States. The population was 6,616 at the 2010 census. The CDP includes the adjacent hamlet of Alplaus.

East Glenville is in the town of Glenville.

Geography
East Glenville is located at 42.86917°N, -73.91611°W (42.869076, -73.916234).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 7.5 sqmi, of which 7.3 sqmi is land and 0.2 sqmi, or 2.81%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 6,064 people, 2,181 households, and 1,613 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 834.5 PD/sqmi. There were 2,248 housing units at an average density of 309.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.16% White, 1.02% African American, 0.15% Native American, 1.07% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.08% from other races, and 0.48% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.20% of the population.

There were 2,181 households, out of which 30.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.1% were married couples living together, 6.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.0% were non-families. 22.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 22.1% under the age of 18, 4.8% from 18 to 24, 24.9% from 25 to 44, 27.0% from 45 to 64, and 21.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.0 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $62,447, and the median income for a family was $68,529. Males had a median income of $50,152 versus $27,201 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $26,803. None of the families and 2.0% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 1.4% of those over 64.

title: East Glenville, New York


text:
Glenville, New York

Glenville is a town in Schenectady County, New York, United States. It was incorporated in 1821 from Schenectady. As of the 2020 census, the town population was 29,326.

Including the village of Scotia, the town of Glenville encompasses the part of Schenectady County north of the Mohawk River.

History
Glenville is named after Alexander Lindsay Glen. Glen, who was a native of Scotland, acquired a large tract of land in the area in the 1650s. He named his manor at Scotia after his native country (Glen Sanders Mansion).

The Seeley Farmhouse was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978, the Swart House and Tavern in 2007, and the Bishop Family Lustron House was listed the following year. The Glenville District No. 5 Schoolhouse was listed in 2013.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 131.3 km2, of which 127.4 km2 is land and 3.9 km2, or 2.94%, is water.

Demographics
At the 2000 census, 28,183 people, 11,150 households, and 7,827 families living in the town. The population density was 565.0 PD/sqmi. There were 11,582 housing units at an average density of 232.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.35% White, 0.72% African American, 0.12% Native American, 0.89% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.14% from other races, and 0.75% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.20% of the population.

Of the 11,150 households, 30.9% had children under 18 living with them, 59.0% were married and living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband, and 29.8% were non-families. 26.0% of households were one person and 12.5% were 1 person 65 or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.95.

The age distribution was 23.7% under 18, 5.0% from 18 to 24, 26.3% from 25 to 44, 26.1% from 45 to 64, and 18.9% 65 or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.9 males. For every 100 females 18 or older, there were 86.8 males.

The median household income was $52,373 and the median family income was $62,599. Males had a median income of $42,992 versus $29,228 for females. The per capita income for the town was $24,795. 4.1% of the population and 2.5% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the people living in poverty, 5.2% were under 18 and 4.2% were 65 or older.

Communities and locations in Glenville

 * Alplaus – A hamlet in the eastern part of the town.
 * Hoffmans – A small settlement along Route 5, in the western portion of Glenville, marking the spot of the first ferry crossing of the Mohawk River in Glenville.
 * East Glenville – A cluster of dense development along NY-50 in the northeastern section of town. It is a Census-designated place which extends from NY-50 eastward to Glenville's bounds with Clifton Park & Ballston.
 * Scotia – The Village of Scotia lies in the south part of the town.
 * Stoodley Corners – More commonly referred to as the "Town Center," marking Glenville's commercial core around the intersection of Route 50 and Glenridge Road.
 * West Glenville – A small hamlet in the northwestern portion of town that dates to the early 19th century.

Economy
The town of Glenville is regarded as a bedroom community, with many residents finding employment at General Electric in adjacent Schenectady, various New York state offices in nearby Albany, and numerous Capital District corporations, educational institutions, and health care industries.

Education and recreation
The town is split among four public school districts; Scotia-Glenville, Burnt Hills-Ballston Lake, Amsterdam and Niskayuna. Glenville is also home to several parks and preserves.

Transportation
Mohawk Valley Airport is located three nautical miles (6 km) northwest of the central business district of Scotia. Schenectady County Airport is a joint civil-military airport located two nautical miles (3 km) north-northeast of Scotia.

title: Glenville, New York


text:
Mariaville Lake, New York

Mariaville Lake is a census-designated place (CDP) in Schenectady County, New York. The population was 666 at the 2020 census.

The census-designated place is in the town of Duanesburg and is named after a small lake in the eastern part of the town.

Geography
Mariaville Lake is located at 42.82861°N, -74.12333°W (42.828640, -74.123331).

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 6.0 sqmi, of which 5.7 sqmi is land and 0.3 sqmi, or 5.82%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 710 people, 258 households, and 188 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 125.6 PD/sqmi. There were 341 housing units at an average density of 60.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 99.01% White, 0.14% African American, 0.42% Asian, 0.28% from other races, and 0.14% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.99% of the population.

There were 258 households, out of which 38.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.5% were married couples living together, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.1% were non-families. 22.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.75 and the average family size was 3.23.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 29.4% under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 29.2% from 25 to 44, 25.4% from 45 to 64, and 9.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.2 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $48,269, and the median income for a family was $57,083. Males had a median income of $41,216 versus $22,269 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $20,618. None of the population or families were below the poverty line.

title: Mariaville Lake, New York


text:
Pattersonville-Rotterdam Junction, New York

Pattersonville-Rotterdam Junction was a census-designated place (CDP) in Schenectady County, New York, United States. The population was 918 at the 2000 census. The area was not delineated as a CDP for the 2010 census.

The CDP was in the town of Rotterdam and took its name from two hamlets in the town.

Geography
The Pattersonville-Rotterdam Junction CDP was located at 42.87889°N, -74.05889°W (42.878941, -74.058756).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP had a total area of 1.5 square miles (3.9 km2), of which 1.4 square miles (3.5 km2) was land and 0.2 square miles (0.4 km2), or 10.60%, was water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 918 people, 368 households, and 260 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 680.0 PD/sqmi. There were 381 housing units at an average density of 282.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.47% White, 0.33% African American, 0.44% Native American, 0.33% Asian, and 0.44% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.31% of the population.

There were 368 households, out of which 29.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.3% were married couples living together, 12.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.3% were non-families. 23.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 22.0% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 26.7% from 25 to 44, 25.8% from 45 to 64, and 17.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.4 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $42,857, and the median income for a family was $55,547. Males had a median income of $29,000 versus $25,750 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $19,039. None of the families and 3.6% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 12.0% of those over 64.

Historic site
Rotterdam Junction is the site of the Mabee House which, dating to the 17th century, is the oldest house in the Mohawk Valley. The house is part of the Mabee Farm Historic Site, owned and operated by the Schenectady County Historical Society.


text:
Princetown, New York

Princetown is a town in Schenectady County, New York, United States. The population was 2,024 at the 2020 census. It is in the central part of the county, west of the town of Rotterdam.

History
The current Town of Princetown was established in 1798 by the New York State Legislature combining lands formerly known as Corry's Bush and land belonging to the Dutch Reformed Church in Schenectady. It was named for John Prince, a New York State assemblyman from Albany County who lived in Schenectady proper at the time. Many of the early settlers of the town were from Scotland, and for almost all of its history, the town has been rural with an economy based in agriculture. Today the town is mostly a mix of farming and exurban development with a little light industry.

In the past, the town had seven one-room schools. It was also home to the Princetown Academy and Female Seminary which opened in 1853 but operated for only three years before succumbing to financial mismanagement. The Academy was sponsored by the local Presbyterian church. In 1854, it had more than 400 students mostly from the local region but also included students from as far away as Cuba, Germany and Scotland. The Academy was located in the former hamlet of Princetown (Center).

In the south end of the town was Cheeseman's Tavern (c. 1784) located in the hamlet of Gifford's (Corners). Its owner, Joshua Cheeseman, was for a few years, a regionally well-known shinplaster banker, producing a number of paper notes used across the region.

In the north end of the town, on the border with Duanesburg, was the location of the estate of George William Featherstonaugh, which was the subject of several Thomas Cole paintings. Featherstonaugh was an English-American geographer and geologist also especially interested in the use of rail transportation to modernize farming.

Geography
The north town line is the border of Montgomery County, and the south town line is the border of Albany County. The town of Rotterdam is to the east, and the town of Duanesburg is to the west. The center of Princetown is 7 mi west of downtown Schenectady.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 62.7 km2, of which 62.0 km2 is land and 0.7 km2, or 1.18%, is water.

Demographics
In the 2000 census, there were 2,132 people, 797 households, and 611 families residing in the town. The population density was 88.7 PD/sqmi. There were 835 housing units at an average density of 34.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.69% White, 0.19% African American, 0.19% Native American, 0.19% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 0.19% from other races, and 0.47% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.66% of the population.

There were 797 households, out of which 33.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.9% were married couples living together, 7.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.3% were non-families. 17.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.05.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.1% under the age of 18, 5.8% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 28.8% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $57,250, and the median income for a family was $63,077. Males had a median income of $45,750 versus $28,362 for females. The per capita income for the town was $24,292. About 1.6% of families and 3.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.3% of those under age 18 and 3.6% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Princetown

 * Bradshaw's Corners - an area where North Kelly and Weast Roads meet at Mariaville Road (NY 159).
 * Gifford's (Corners) - a small hamlet in the south part of the town located at the intersection of New York State route 406 and U.S. Route 20. It was once home to Cheeseman's Tavern, the owner of which was known as a "shinplaster" banker.
 * Kelly's Station - A small hamlet in the southeast part of the town; it was home to a train station for the Schenectady and Duanesburg Railroad, (a line now operated by the Delaware and Hudson Railway) a store and post office. It is also known for a set of double culverts that were built to carry the railroad over Kelly Station Road and the Bonny Kill or Bonny Brook.
 * Mariaville (Lake) - A hamlet and CDP on the border between the town and the town of Duanesburg toward the northern end of the town.
 * Pattersonville – A hamlet and part of a CDP (Census Designated Place) partly in the northern part of the town.
 * Princetown (Center) – A hamlet often mistakenly considered to be in the southern part of the town, this area was actually known as Princetown P.O. until the arrival of the Schenectady and Duanesburg Railroad (owned by the Delaware and Hudson Railroad) in 1873. After that time it was known as Kelly's Station. There was, however, a hamlet located in the center of the town known as Princetown, or Princetown Center which developed around the second Presbyterian Church in the town at corner of present-day Currybush and North Kelly roads. This hamlet was also home to the Princetown Academy and Female Seminary from 1853 to 1856.
 * Rynex Corners - A hamlet in the northern part of the town on the border between Princetown and the town of Rotterdam. It once contained a hotel and cheese factory.
 * Willow Run - a modern subdivision in the middle of the town north of the D&H railway line.

Notable people

 * George William Featherstonaugh, an English-American geologist and geographer who once owned a large estate on the border between Duanesburg and Princetown. The estate was the subject of several Thomas Cole paintings.
 * Nelson Fryer, Wisconsin State Assembly member and farmer, was born in Princetown.

title: Princetown, New York


text:
Scotia, New York

Scotia is a village in Schenectady County, New York, United States, incorporated in 1904. The population was 7,272 at the 2020 census. Scotia is part of the town of Glenville, and is connected with the city of Schenectady by the Western Gateway Bridge over the Mohawk River.

History
The land was purchased by Alexander Lindsay Glen, a native of Scotland, from the Mohawk people in the 17th century. Glen named his estate Scotia (Latin for "Scotland") after his home country. Scotia was the location of a military encampment during both the French and Indian War of 1754 and again during the War of 1812. During the 1800s, Scotia was known for its production of brooms, over 1 million annually for a time. In the 20th century, Scotia became a thriving bedroom community for employees of Schenectady employers such as General Electric. During World War II the Scotia Naval Supply Depot (1942–1971) employed over 2000 workers.

Historic buildings:
 * Glen Sanders Mansion, parts dating to 1713
 * Abraham Glen House, 1730s
 * Flint House, early 19th century
 * First Baptist Church, 1872

 * Holland House (W.T. Mynderse mansion), built 1914
 * Scotia Reformed Church, founded 1818, present building 1952.
 * The United States Post Office, built 1940, contains a tempera mural, The Glen Family Spared by French and Indians – 1690, painted by muralist Amy Jones (artist) in 1941. in tempera and listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
Scotia is on the north bank of the Mohawk River at 42.83333°N, -73.96667°W (42.8313, -73.9654).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 4.6 km2, of which 4.4 km2 is land and 0.3 km2, or 5.82%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 7,729 people, 3,362 households, and 2,006 families residing in the village. The population density was 4,573.4 PD/sqmi. There were 3,519 housing units at an average density of 2,082.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 95.4% White, 1.2% African American, 0.2% Native American, 1.1% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.4% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.8% of the population.

Of 3,362 households, 30% included individuals under the age of 18, 42.1% were married couples living together, 13.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 40.3% were non-families, 33.7% were individuals living alone, and 13.1% were individuals age 65 or older living alone. The average household size was 2.3 and the average family size was 2.95.

The village population was composed of 23.1% under the age of 18, 3.3% from 18 to 20, 31% from 21 to 44, 28.8% from 45 to 64, and 13.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37.2 years. The female population was 51.6% and the male population was 48.4%.

In 2015, the estimated median income for a household in the village was $54,607, and the median income for a family was $75,182. Males had a median income of $54,364 versus $45,603 for females. The per capita income for the village was $26,853. An estimated 4.0% of families and 6.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.9% of those under age 18 and 6.0% of those age 5.6% or over.

Community

 * Aerial photo: Collins Park and vicinity

Scotia is served by the Scotia-Glenville Central School District. Schools located in the village of Scotia include Lincoln and Sacandaga Elementary Schools, while Scotia-Glenville High School and Scotia-Glenville Middle School stand just outside the village limits. The private Mekeel Christian Academy occupies the former Scotia High School building in the village. Local residents may enjoy pastimes at all seasons in Collins Park and nearby Freedom Park. Winter events include sledding and ice skating, while summer activities include baseball, tennis, swimming, pond and river fishing, picnicking, concerts, and waterskiing on the Mohawk River.

Transportation
Scotia is served by the historic New York Route 5, and is the terminus for both Route 50 and Route 147 providing access to Saratoga County. The Route 5 link to Schenectady is over the Western Gateway Bridge, originally built in 1923-25, and replaced in 1971. From 1874 to 1925 the Mohawk River had been crossed by a bridge running from the foot of Washington Ave., Schenectady to Washington Ave., Scotia, a steel bridge built upon the seven piers of a former wooden bridge, built in 1808, called the Burr Bridge. Scotia was formerly served by railways, including the New York Central (which operated a switch yard in the village), the Delaware and Hudson, and the Boston and Maine, as well as the electric Fonda, Johnstown and Gloversville interurban line. Two nearby airports, located in the town of Glenville, serve the village: Mohawk Valley Airport is a privately owned airport for public use located three nautical miles (6 km) along State Route 5, northwest of the village of Scotia. Schenectady County Airport is a joint civil-military public airport located two nautical miles (3 km) north-northeast of the village of Scotia.

Notable people

 * Helmut Karl Buechner (1918–1975), ecologist, field biologist, Director of the Office of Ecology for the Smithsonian Institution, born in Scotia
 * Joe Cremo (born 1996), pro basketball player, born in Scotia
 * Philip Dalton (1903–1941), military scientist and pilot, born in Scotia
 * Laura Diaz (born 1975), professional golfer on LPGA Tour, born in Scotia
 * Robert Doherty (1885–1950), electrical engineer, president of Carnegie Mellon University, died in Scotia
 * Saul Dushman (1883–1954), Russian-born physical chemist, resided, died in Scotia
 * Conyers Herring (1914–2009), solid state physicist, born in Scotia
 * Steve Kuczek (1924–2010), major league baseball player, died in Scotia
 * Kathleen Paige (born 1948), rear admiral, U.S. Navy, program director, Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense
 * James Parry (born 1967), Usenet personality known as "Kibo", born in Scotia
 * David Pietrusza (born 1949) author, lived in Scotia
 * George Runner (born 1952), California state senator, born in Scotia

title: Scotia, New York


text:
Blenheim, New York

Blenheim is a town in the southwestern part of Schoharie County, New York, United States. It is located east of Oneonta. At the 2020 census, the population was 308. The town was named after a land patent, which itself was named after the Battle of Blenheim.

History
The town was the site of raids and skirmishes during the American Revolution.

The town was one of the original six towns of the county, created in 1797 from Schoharie. In 1803, part of Blenheim was used to create the Town of Jefferson. Another part of Blenheim was taken in 1848 to form part of the new Town of Gilboa.

The town had one of the world's longest wooden single-span covered bridges (at 232 feet), the Old Blenheim Bridge. It was built in 1855 and existed until 2011, when it was destroyed by flooding caused by Tropical Storm Irene.

The Lansing Manor House and North Blenheim Historic District are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Notable people

 * Julia E. B. Brick, philanthropist
 * John A. King, former governor of New York
 * Alonzo A. Loper, Wisconsin state legislator
 * Stephen L. Mayham, U.S. Congressman
 * E. Woolsey Peck, Chief Justice of the Alabama Supreme Court

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 34.4 sqmi, of which 33.9 sqmi is land and 0.4 sqmi  (1.25%) is water.

The Schoharie Creek flows through the town.

New York State Route 30 is a north-south highway in the eastern part of Blenheim.

Demographics
At the 2020 census, there were 308 people living in 151 households in Blenheim, with an average age of 45.4 years. 28.1% of the population has Irish ancestry and 24.0% has German ancestry. The median household income is $57,361, while 16.1% of the population lives in poverty. Veterans (96% of whom are male) make up 8.2% of the population.

As of the census of 2000, there were 330 people, 150 households, and 97 families residing in the town. The population density was 9.7 people per square mile (3.8/km2). There were 303 housing units at an average density of 8.9 per square mile (3.4/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 96.97% White, 1.52% African American, 0.30% from other races, and 1.21% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.12% of the population.

There were 150 households, out of which 24.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.7% were married couples living together, 7.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.7% were non-families. 28.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.64.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 18.8% under the age of 18, 4.2% from 18 to 24, 24.2% from 25 to 44, 33.3% from 45 to 64, and 19.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $38,500, and the median income for a family was $44,821. Males had a median income of $32,321 versus $24,167 for females. The per capita income for the town was $20,993. About 5.9% of families and 8.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.8% of those under age 18 and 14.5% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Blenheim

 * Cole Hollow – A valley near the northern town line.
 * Eminence – A hamlet on the northwestern town line.
 * Mine Kill State Park – A state park in the southeastern part of the town.
 * North Blenheim – A hamlet in the eastern part of the town on NY-30.
 * Ruth – A hamlet in the southwestern part of the town on County Road 12.

Politics
The elected town supervisor of Blenheim is Don Airey.

title: Blenheim, New York


text:
Broome, New York

Broome is a town in Schoharie County, New York, United States. The population was 863 at the 2020 census. The town is named after John Broome.

The Town of Broome is on the eastern border of the county, southwest of Albany.

History
The town was one of the six original towns when the county was formed in 1797. Originally named Bristol, the town name was changed to Broome in 1808. Parts of Broome town were taken to form part of Conesville town in 1836 and part of Gilboa town in 1848 and small parts annexed to Broome town from Middleburgh town in 1849.

Few settlers came to Broome until after the American Revolution.

Notable people

 * Daniel Shays, leader of Shays' Rebellion.
 * David Williams, officer involved in the capture of Major Andre.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 48.1 sqmi, of which 47.8 sqmi is land and 0.3 sqmi  (0.58%) is water.

The eastern town line is the border of Albany County.

Catskill Creek originates in Broome.

New York State Route 145 is a north-south highway which passes through Broome.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 947 people, 407 households, and 260 families residing in the town. The population density was 19.8 people per square mile (7.7/km2). There were 767 housing units at an average density of 16.1 per square mile (6.2/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 96.41% White, 0.74% African American, 0.32% Native American, 0.11% Asian, 0.74% from other races, and 1.69% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.80% of the population.

There were 407 households, out of which 23.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.6% were married couples living together, 5.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.1% were non-families. 30.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.91.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 20.9% under the age of 18, 5.8% from 18 to 24, 25.4% from 25 to 44, 29.4% from 45 to 64, and 18.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.0 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $32,368, and the median income for a family was $40,167. Males had a median income of $30,500 versus $23,750 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,383. About 5.4% of families and 8.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.5% of those under age 18 and 9.0% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Broome

 * Bates (formerly "Bates Hollow") – A hamlet in the southeastern part of the town.
 * Franklinton (also called "The Vly") – A location in the north-central part of Broome on NY-145, south of Vlaie Pond.
 * Hauversville – A hamlet near the eastern town line.
 * Livingstonville – A hamlet in the southeastern part of the town on NY-145 and Catskill Creek.
 * Pine Grove – A location northwest of Hauversville.
 * Vlaie Pond – A small lake in the northern part of Broome.
 * Vlaie Pond-Franklinton Wildlife Management Area – A conservation area by Vlai Pond.

title: Broome, New York