text:
Olmsted County, Minnesota

Olmsted County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population is 162,847. Its county seat and most populous city is Rochester.

Olmsted County is part of the Rochester Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
The Wisconsin Territory was established by the federal government effective July 3, 1836, and existed until its eastern portion was granted statehood (as Wisconsin) in 1848. Therefore, the federal government set up the Minnesota Territory effective March 3, 1849. The newly organized territorial legislature created nine counties across the territory in October of that year. One of those original counties, Wabasha, had portions partitioned off in 1853 to create Fillmore and Rice counties. Then on February 20, 1855, portions of Rice, Wabasha, and Fillmore counties were partitioned off to create the present county, with Rochester (which was also platted that year) as county seat. The county name recognized David Olmsted (1822-1861), a member of the first territorial council and the fourth mayor of St. Paul.

The county boundaries have remained unchanged since 1855.

Geography
Olmsted County is a fairly unusual mix of urban and rural areas in that there's no transition or buffer between the two environments. Rochester, Minnesota's third largest city of roughly 118,000 people, sits in the Zumbro River valley at the center of the county. Outside the valley however, with the exception of a small amount of urban growth in the last few years, remains farmland with small agricultural based communities and no directly adjacent suburbs. Stewartville, the county's second largest city, is slightly over 1/20th the size at roughly 6,000 people, an unusually large gap for a metropolitan area.

Olmsted County is drained by three rivers, all flowing to the Mississippi. The Zumbro River flows northward through the west central part of the county, into Wabasha County. The Whitewater flows northeast from the northeast part of the county into Winona County, and the Root flows east-southeastward through the lower part of the county into Fillmore County. The county terrain consists of low rolling hills, etched by drainage gullies and marked by occasional buttes. The available area is devoted to agriculture or is developed for other productive uses. The county terrain slopes to the east and north, and its highest point is a hill 7.5 mi west of Stewartville, at 1,380 ft ASL. The county has a total area of 655 sqmi, of which 653 sqmi is land and 1.5 sqmi (0.2%) is water. It is one of four counties in Minnesota that does not have any natural lakes (the other three being Mower, Pipestone, and Rock).

Transit

 * Jefferson Lines
 * Rochester Public Transit

Major highways

 * [[Image:I-90.svg|20px]] Interstate 90
 * [[Image:US 14.svg|20px]] U.S. Highway 14
 * [[Image:US 52.svg|20px]] U.S. Highway 52
 * [[Image:US 63.svg|20px]] U.S. Highway 63
 * [[Image:MN-30.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 30
 * [[Image:MN-42.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 42
 * [[Image:MN-74.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 74
 * [[Image:MN-247.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 247
 * [[Image:Olmsted County Route 22.svg|20px]] Olmsted County Highway 22

Airports

 * Mid-Continent Airport
 * Rochester International Airport (RST)

Adjacent counties

 * Wabasha County - north
 * Winona County - east
 * Fillmore County - south
 * Mower County - southwest
 * Dodge County - west
 * Goodhue County - northwest

Protected areas

 * Chester Woods Park
 * High Forest Wildlife Management Area
 * Keller Wildlife Management Area
 * Marian Marshall Wildlife Management Area
 * Nelson Fen Wildlife Management Area
 * Oronoco Scientific and Natural Area
 * Oxbow Park & Zollman Zoo
 * Root River Park
 * Schumann State Wildlife Management Area
 * Suess State Wildlife Management Area
 * Whitewater Wildlife Management Area (part)

Lakes
Though Olmsted County does not have any natural lakes, it does have six reservoirs created by dams:
 * Chester Lake: Eyota Township
 * Lake Florence: High Forest Township
 * Lake George: Rochester Township
 * Mayowood Lake: Rochester Township
 * Silver Lake: Haverhill Township and Cascade Township
 * Lake Zumbro (part): Oronoco Township

2020 census
As of the census of 2020, the population was 162,847. The population density was 249.2 PD/sqmi. There were 69,270 housing units at an average density of 106.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the county was 77.8% White, 6.8% Black or African American, 6.3% Asian, 0.4% Native American, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 2.5% from other races, and 6.1% from two or more races. Ethnically, the population was 5.6% Hispanic or Latino of any race.

2000 census
As of the 2000 United States census, there were 124,277 people, 47,807 households, and 32,317 families in the county. The population density was 190 /mi2. There were 49,422 housing units at an average density of 75.7 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 90.33% White, 2.68% Black or African American, 0.26% Native American, 4.27% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.92% from other races, and 1.51% from two or more races. 2.38% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 47,807 households, out of which 35.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.70% were married couples living together, 8.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.40% were non-families. 25.80% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.09.

The county population contained 27.00% under the age of 18, 8.50% from 18 to 24, 32.20% from 25 to 44, 21.60% from 45 to 64, and 10.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.60 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $51,316, and the median income for a family was $61,610. Males had a median income of $40,196 versus $29,994 for females. The per capita income for the county was $24,939. About 3.80% of families and 6.40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.70% of those under age 18 and 9.50% of those age 65 or over.

Politics
Olmsted has historically been a Republican-leaning county. However, rapid population growth in Rochester has made it more competitive in recent years. In 2020, Joe Biden won it by nearly 11 points, the best performance of any Democrat since Lyndon Johnson in 1964. Since 2000, Olmsted County has voted for the winning presidential candidate in five of the six elections. The exception is 2016, where national electoral winner Donald Trump lost Olmsted County by only 0.75% and a slim margin of 600 votes.

Although it has trended Democratic at the presidential level, Olmsted County continues to lean Republican in state and local races, with split ticket voting becoming more common locally. Two of the county's three seats in the Minnesota Senate are held by Republicans, as well as two of the five seats in the Minnesota House of Representatives. Since 1970, Olmsted County has only voted for the DFL candidate for governor thrice: in 1974, 2018 and 2022. In 2018, then-Representative Tim Walz benefitted from high recognition in the district with a reputation at the time of being a moderate politician. Despite Walz winning a majority of the county's vote that election, Republican candidate Doug Wardlow concurrently won the greatest number of votes in Olmsted County in the 2018 Minnesota Attorney General election.

Cities

 * Byron
 * Chatfield (part)
 * Dover
 * Eyota
 * Oronoco
 * Pine Island (part)
 * Rochester (county seat)
 * Stewartville

Unincorporated communities

 * Chester
 * Cummingsville
 * Danesville (part)
 * Douglas
 * Genoa
 * High Forest
 * Judge
 * Marion
 * Pleasant Grove
 * Post Town
 * Potsdam
 * Predmore
 * Ringe
 * Rock Dell
 * Salem Corners
 * Shanty Town
 * Simpson
 * Viola

Townships

 * Cascade Township
 * Dover Township
 * Elmira Township
 * Eyota Township
 * Farmington Township
 * Haverhill Township
 * High Forest Township
 * Kalmar Township
 * Marion Township
 * New Haven Township
 * Orion Township
 * Oronoco Township
 * Pleasant Grove Township
 * Quincy Township
 * Rochester Township
 * Rock Dell Township
 * Salem Township
 * Viola Township

title: Olmsted County, Minnesota


text:
Norman County, Minnesota

Norman County is a county in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,441. Its county seat is Ada. The county is in Minnesota's Red River Valley region.

History
Norwegians started settling in Norman County in the early 1870s and up until Dec. 27th, 1906 that also included what is now Mahnomen County (Ojibwe for "wild rice"). The county was created by the Minnesota legislature on March 17, 1881, with Ada (which had been founded in 1874) as county seat. Even though Twin Valley was much closer to the geographic center of the county Ada was chosen as the county seat, sparking a 6 year legal battle.

It was named in recognition of the many settlers who came from Scandinavian countries, especially Norway. Another source posits that it was named for Norman Kittson, an early historical figure of the region.

Geography
Norman County lies on Minnesota's western border, abutting North Dakota across the Red River, which flows north along (and defines) the county's west line. The Wild Rice River flows west through the lower part of the county, discharging into the Red slightly north of the county's southwest corner. The Marsh River rises in central Norman County and flows northwest into the Red near the county's northwest corner. The county terrain consists of low rolling hills, carved by drainages and lightly dotted with lakes and swampy areas. The terrain is devoted to agriculture. The terrain slopes to the north and west with its highest point near its southeast corner, at 1,224 ft ASL. The county has an area of 877 sqmi, of which 873 sqmi is land and 3.9 sqmi (0.4%) water. Flom Township contains a prominent, irregular hill of morainic drift known as Frenchman's Bluff. It rises 150 ft above the shoreline of the former Lake Agassis, 3 mi to the northwest.

Major highways

 * [[Image:US 75.svg|20px]] U.S. Highway 75
 * [[Image:MN-9.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 9
 * [[Image:MN-32.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 32
 * [[Image:MN-113.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 113
 * [[Image:MN-200.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 200

Adjacent counties

 * Polk County - north
 * Mahnomen County - east
 * Becker County - southeast
 * Clay County - south
 * Cass County, North Dakota - southwest
 * Traill County, North Dakota - west

Protected areas

 * Agassiz Dunes Scientific and Natural Area (part)
 * Agassiz No. 1 State Wildlife Management Area
 * Agassiz No. 2 State Wildlife Management Area
 * Dalby State Wildlife Management Area
 * Faith State Wildlife Management Area
 * Home Lake State Wildlife Management Area
 * Moccasin State Wildlife Management Area
 * Neal State Wildlife Management Area
 * Prairie Smoke Dunes Scientific and Natural Area
 * Sandpiper Scientific and Natural Area
 * Santee Prairie Scientific and Natural Area
 * Syre State Wildlife Management Area
 * Twin Valley Prairie Scientific and Natural Area
 * Twin Valley State Wildlife Management Area
 * Vangsness State Wildlife Management Area

Lakes

 * Home Lake
 * Lockhart Swamp

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 7,442 people, 3,010 households, and 2,007 families in the county. The population density was 8.52 /mi2. There were 3,455 housing units at an average density of 3.96 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 95.30% White, 0.11% Black or African American, 1.73% Native American, 0.31% Asian, 1.13% from other races, and 1.42% from two or more races. 3.05% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 57.5% were of Norwegian and 21.7% German ancestry.

There were 3,010 households, out of which 30.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.80% were married couples living together, 5.90% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.30% were non-families. 31.30% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 3.04.

The county population contained 25.70% under the age of 18, 6.20% from 18 to 24, 24.10% from 25 to 44, 23.00% from 45 to 64, and 20.90% of over age 64. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 98.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.80 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $32,535, and the median income for a family was $41,280. Males had a median income of $28,674 versus $20,619 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,895. About 7.10% of families and 10.30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.70% of those under age 18 and 14.30% of those age 65 or over.

Cities

 * Ada (county seat)
 * Borup
 * Gary
 * Halstad
 * Hendrum
 * Perley
 * Shelly
 * Twin Valley

Unincorporated communities

 * Betcher
 * Faith
 * Flom
 * Hadler
 * Lockhart
 * Ranum
 * Syre
 * Waukon

Townships

 * Anthony Township
 * Bear Park Township
 * Flom Township
 * Fossum Township
 * Good Hope Township
 * Green Meadow Township
 * Halstad Township
 * Hegne Township
 * Hendrum Township
 * Home Lake Township
 * Lake Ida Township
 * Lee Township
 * Lockhart Township
 * Mary Township
 * McDonaldsville Township
 * Pleasant View Township
 * Rockwell Township
 * Shelly Township
 * Spring Creek Township
 * Strand Township
 * Sundal Township
 * Waukon Township
 * Wild Rice Township
 * Winchester Township

Government and politics
From 1932 to 2012, Norman County voted Democratic, typically by large margins, in all but three elections, two were the nationwide Republican landslide victories of Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1952 and Richard Nixon in 1972, and the third was in 2000, when strong third party showings in the state helped swing the county to George W. Bush. The 2016 election, however, saw the county swing significantly to the right, as Donald Trump won the county by over 13%. He increased his margin of victory in 2020 to nearly 16%, and turned in the best performance for a Republican in Norman County since Herbert Hoover in 1928.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Norman County, Minnesota


text:
Talk:Haute-Vienne

- Wondering how to edit this département entry? The WikiProject French departements standards might help.

History
I have merged Arrondissements of the Haute-Vienne department into this page. The history is as follows:

(cur) (last) 08:07, 23 January 2007 Kiwipete (Talk | contribs) (Remove text which is detailed in Arrondissements of France, update links) (undo) (cur) (last) 07:21, 31 December 2006 Grcampbell (Talk | contribs) m (moved Arrondissements of the Haute-Vienne département to Arrondissements of the Haute-Vienne department: Anglicise the French term department) (undo) (cur) (last) 08:33, 7 December 2006 Kiwipete (Talk | contribs) m (Change category) (undo) (cur) (last) 19:18, 19 August 2006 RevRagnarok (Talk | contribs) m (Stubsensor cleanup project; you can help! using AWB) (undo) (cur) (last) 17:44, 3 May 2006 CmdrObot (Talk | contribs) m (sp (3): arrondissment→arrondissement) (undo) (cur) (last) 04:26, 28 April 2006 Bucketsofg (Talk | contribs) m (Reverted vandalism by 62.255.236.65 to last version by Dlyons493Bot. Please do not compromise the integrity of pages.) (undo) (cur) (last) 04:21, 28 April 2006 62.255.236.65 (Talk) (undo) (cur) (last) 17:39, 27 November 2005 Dlyons493Bot (Talk | contribs) (French administrative division bot - arrondissements)

--MinuteElectron 10:04, 29 September 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Haute-Vienne


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Nobles County, Minnesota

Nobles County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,290. Its county seat is Worthington. Nobles County comprises the Worthington, MN Micropolitan Statistical Area.

History
Nobles County was first occupied by the Sisseton Sioux. The first white man to set foot on the land was Joseph Nicollet who came to map out the area in 1842. Nicollet named Lake Okabena (there were two Lake Okabenas at the time), Lake Ocheda, East and West Graham Lake and the Kanaranzi Creek.

The first settlement was near Graham Lakes in 1846. Nobles County was established May 23, 1857, and organized October 27, 1870. The county was named for William H. Nobles, a member of the Minnesota territorial legislature in 1854 and 1856. In Autumn 1856 he began the construction of a wagon road for the US government, crossing southwestern Minnesota and Nobles County, to extend from Fort Ridgely to South Pass in the Rocky Mountains. This work was continued in 1857 but was not completed. Nobles County was created by the Minnesota Territory legislature just before the full force of the Panic of 1857 was felt. Settlers were further discouraged from coming by the Spirit Lake Massacre of 1857, where a band of Sioux murdered settlers in Spirit Lake and along the Des Moines River in Jackson and Cottonwood Counties. The few whites in the area were understandably reluctant to stay.

During the summer of 1867, a mail route was established from Blue Earth through the Graham Lakes settlement to Yankton, South Dakota. In January, a Post Office was established in each settlement. The population in the spring of 1870 was 117 and nearly doubled by fall. County Government did not start until 1870. The first railroad, the St. Paul & Sioux City Railway, was built in 1871. This later became the Chicago Northwestern Railroad, and is now operated by the Union Pacific Railroad.

In 1871, a group of men from Toledo, Ohio organized a company to locate a colony of settlers in some western county. After traveling 20,000 miles in the Midwest, they decided on Nobles County and by the spring of 1872, hundreds of people came in and took up land. Worthington was platted in 1871, and became the county seat in 1873. The Worthington & Sioux Falls Railway was established in 1876. This led to rapid settlement in Rushmore, Adrian, and the western portions of the county.

The 1860 census of Nobles County showed 11 families, 35 persons, (3 from Norway, 3 from Bavaria, 1 from Ireland and the rest from the eastern states). In 1880, the population was 4,435. In 1895, the population was 11,905, and in 1970, the population was up to 23,208. In 2000, the population was 20,832, and the 2010 census showed a population of 21,378.

COVID-19 pandemic (2020)
In May 2020, Nobles County had the fourth-highest per capita COVID-19 infection rate of any county in the United States. About one of every 17 residents had tested positive, with 1,319 cases.

By June 29, 2022, the county had 7,104 cases and 60 deaths.

Economy
Nobles County's economy is largely driven by agriculture, with corn, soybeans, and hogs as the county's leading agricultural products. Food processing and fabricated metals are important manufacturing sectors, and tourism is a growing industry that benefits from the county's lakes, parks, and historical sites.

Geography
Nobles County is on the southern side of Minnesota. Its southern border abuts the northern border of the state of Iowa. The county has a total area of 723 sqmi, of which 715 sqmi is land and 7.5 sqmi (1.0%) is water.

Transit

 * Prairieland Transit System

Major highways

 * [[Image:I-90.svg|20px]] Interstate 90
 * [[Image:US 59.svg|20px]] U.S. Highway 59
 * [[Image:MN-60.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 60
 * [[Image:MN-91.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 91
 * [[Image:MN-264.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 264

Adjacent counties

 * Murray County - north
 * Cottonwood County - northeast
 * Jackson County - east
 * Osceola County, Iowa - southeast
 * Lyon County, Iowa - southwest
 * Rock County - west

Lakes

 * East Graham Lake
 * Fulda First Lake
 * Indian Lake
 * Iowa Lake (part)
 * Jack Lake
 * Kinbrae Lake
 * Lake Bella
 * Lake Ocheda
 * Lake Okabena
 * West Graham Lake
 * Willow Lake (part)

Protected areas

 * Adrian Spring County Park
 * Aid Pit State Wildlife Management Area
 * Bigelow State Wildlife Management Area
 * Champepadan State Wildlife Management Area
 * Compass Prairie Scientific and Natural Area
 * Dewald State Wildlife Management Area
 * Eagle Lake State Wildlife Management Area
 * Ells Pit State Wildlife Management Area
 * Fenmont State Wildlife Management Area
 * Fulda State Wildlife Management Area
 * Fury State Wildlife Management Area
 * Groth State Wildlife Management Area
 * Hawkeye County Park
 * John Erickson State Wildlife Management Area
 * Lake Bella State Wildlife Management Area
 * Lake Ocheda Game Refuge
 * Lone Tree State Wildlife Management Area
 * Maka-Oicu County Park
 * Midway County Park
 * Peterson State Wildlife Management Area
 * Pheasant Run State Wildlife Management Area
 * Scheuring State Wildlife Management Area
 * Schweigert State Wildlife Management Area
 * Sherwood State Wildlife Management Area
 * Sportsman County Park
 * Swessinger State Wildlife Management Area
 * West Graham State Wildlife Management Area

Geology
Nobles County sits atop the Buffalo Ridge, a large expanse of rolling hills in southwestern Minnesota reaching a height of 1,995 ft ASL. The Buffalo Ridge marks the most southerly extent of the last glaciation, and extends 60 mi through Lincoln, Lyon, Pipestone, Murray, Rock, and Nobles counties. It is a drainage divide separating the watersheds of the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers. Because of its elevation and constant winds, Buffalo Ridge has become a major site for wind energy. Over 200 wind turbines stand along the Ridge.

Buffalo Ridge is part of the inner coteau and is the highest point of the Coteau des Prairies in Minnesota. Its bedrock is formed of Cretaceous shale, sandstone and clay that lie above the pinkish-red Upper Precambrian Sioux Quartzite. These units are covered in most areas by thick deposits of glacial drift, which consist of up to 800 ft of pre-Wisconsin age glacial till left after the glaciers receded. The inner coteau is made up of extremely stream-eroded glacial deposits of pre-Wisconsin glacial drift, which is then covered by a 6-15' (1.8-4.6m) thick deposit of a wind-blown silt called loess. This covering results in the creation of an area with long, gently sloping hills. Loess is an easily eroded material, resulting in few lakes and wetlands in the inner coteau area. Loess however promotes well-established dendritic drainage networks flowing into the Missouri River and Minnesota River systems.

2020 census
''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.''

2000 census
As of the 2000 census, there were 20,832 people, 7,939 households, and 5,517 families in the county. The population density was 29.1 /mi2. There were 8,465 housing units at an average density of 11.8 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 86.50% White, 1.07% Black or African American, 0.31% Native American, 3.98% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 6.64% from other races, and 1.43% from two or more races. 11.16% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 47.0% were of German, 8.3% Dutch and 8.0% Norwegian ancestry.

There were 7,939 households, out of which 32.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.80% were married couples living together, 6.90% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.50% were non-families. 26.50% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.11.

The county population contained with 26.50% under the age of 18, 8.20% from 18 to 24, 26.60% from 25 to 44, 21.30% from 45 to 64, and 17.40% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 99.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.40 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $35,684, and the median income for a family was $43,076. Males had a median income of $27,853 versus $20,346 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,987. About 8.20% of families and 11.70% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.30% of those under age 18 and 12.50% of those age 65 or over.

Cities

 * Adrian
 * Bigelow
 * Brewster (named Hersey until August 1880)
 * Dundee
 * Ellsworth
 * Kinbrae (named Airlie, then DeForest until August 1883)
 * Lismore
 * Round Lake
 * Rushmore
 * Wilmont
 * Worthington (county seat. Site named Okabena until Autumn 1871)

Census-designated place

 * Leota

Unincorporated communities

 * Org (named Sioux Falls Junction until 1890)
 * Pfingsten
 * Ransom
 * Reading
 * St. Kilian

Townships

 * Bigelow Township
 * Bloom Township
 * Dewald Township
 * Elk Township
 * Graham Lakes Township
 * Grand Prairie Township
 * Hersey Township
 * Indian Lake Township
 * Larkin Township
 * Leota Township
 * Lismore Township
 * Little Rock Township
 * Lorain Township
 * Olney Township
 * Ransom Township
 * Seward Township
 * Summit Lake Township
 * Westside Township
 * Wilmont Township
 * Worthington Township

Politics
Nobles County voters have tended to vote Republican in the past several decades. In 67% of national elections since 1980, the county has selected the Republican Party candidate (as of 2020).

title: Nobles County, Minnesota


text:
Nicollet County, Minnesota

Nicollet County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 34,454. Its county seat is St. Peter.

Nicollet County is part of the Mankato – North Mankato Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
In 1849 the Minnesota Territory legislature defined the boundaries of nine future counties. One of those, Dakota, contained the area north of the Minnesota River where it altered its flow from southeast to northeast. In 1853 the first settler had homesteaded an area on the northeast run of the river, and the following year the settlement of Saint Peter was platted there. Seeing the inflow of settlers into the areas adjoining the river, on March 5, 1853, the territorial legislature partitioned off the lower portion of Dakota County to form a separate entity. It was named for Joseph Nicolas Nicollet (1786-1843), a French explorer whose maps of the area had been instrumental in the territory's development. The county seat was established at Saint Peter.

Significant fighting occurred in the county during the 1862 Dakota War, most notably at the Battle of Fort Ridgely.

Geography
The Minnesota River flows eastward along the southern border of Nicollet County, from its northwestern corner to its northeastern corner, defining the county's southern line. The county terrain consists of low rolling hills, completely devoted to agriculture where possible. The terrain slopes to the east. The county has an area of 467 sqmi, of which 448 sqmi is land and 18 sqmi (3.9%) is water.

Nicollet County's highest point is the lowest high point of all Minnesota counties, with an elevation of 1,065 feet. The county's high point is east of Clear Lake and west of the town of Lafayette.

Major highways

 * [[Image:US 14.svg|20px]] US Highway 14
 * [[Image:US 169 (MN).svg|20px]] US Highway 169
 * [[Image:MN-4.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 4
 * [[Image:MN-15.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 15
 * [[Image:MN-22.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 22
 * [[Image:MN-60.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 60
 * [[Image:MN-99.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 99
 * [[Image:MN-111.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 111
 * List of county roads

Adjacent counties

 * Sibley County - north
 * Le Sueur County - east
 * Blue Earth County - (southeast)
 * Brown County - southwest
 * Renville County - northwest

Protected areas

 * Fort Ridgely State Park (part)
 * Minneopa State Park (part)
 * Seven Mile Creek County Park

Lakes

 * Annexstad Lake
 * Erickson Lake
 * Middle Lake
 * Oak Leaf Lake
 * Overson Lake
 * Rice Lake
 * Sand Lake
 * Swan Lake

2000 census
As of the 2000 census, there were 29,771 people, 10,642 households, and 7,311 families in the county. The population density was 66.5 /mi2. There were 11,240 housing units at an average density of 25.1 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 96.37% White, 0.80% Black or African American, 0.26% Native American, 1.14% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.65% from other races, and 0.75% from two or more races. 1.80% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 49.2% were of German, 13.3% Norwegian, 6.8% Swedish and 5.4% Irish ancestry.

There were 10,642 households, out of which 35.30% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.50% were married couples living together, 7.90% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.30% were non-families. 24.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.05.

The county population contained 24.70% under the age of 18, 16.40% from 18 to 24, 26.90% from 25 to 44, 21.20% from 45 to 64, and 10.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.90 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $46,170, and the median income for a family was $55,694. Males had a median income of $36,236 versus $25,344 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,517. About 4.30% of families and 7.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.70% of those under age 18 and 8.00% of those age 65 or over.

Cities

 * Courtland
 * Lafayette
 * Mankato (partly in Blue Earth County)
 * Nicollet
 * North Mankato (partly in Blue Earth County)
 * St. Peter (county seat)

Unincorporated communities

 * Bernadotte
 * Klossner
 * New Sweden
 * Norseland
 * North Star
 * Oshawa
 * St. George
 * Traverse

Ghost town

 * West Newton

Townships

 * Belgrade Township
 * Bernadotte Township
 * Brighton Township
 * Courtland Township
 * Granby Township
 * Lafayette Township
 * Lake Prairie Township
 * New Sweden Township
 * Nicollet Township
 * Oshawa Township
 * Ridgely Township
 * Traverse Township
 * West Newton Township

Government and politics
Nicollet County has been politically balanced in past decades. Since 1976 the county has selected the Democratic and Republican Party candidates in equal measure in national elections (as of 2020). It has backed the nationwide winner in every election since 1980 except for 2004, and even then, losing Democrat John Kerry only beat incumbent Republican George W. Bush in the county by just 108 votes.

title: Nicollet County, Minnesota


text:
Talk:Vosges (department)

- Wondering how to edit this département entry? The WikiProject French departements standards might help.

Pronunciation
"Vosges" is rather pronounced with a long [o]. The few online references I've found have it:, , , ,. Korg (talk) 17:47, 30 July 2008 (UTC)

Requested moves

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: pages moved. Andrewa (talk) 02:51, 20 June 2014 (UTC)

– In English, the primary topic for "Vosges" is clearly the mountain range. That's what people are referring to when they talk about "the Vosges". Not many are familiar with French department names. For example, of the 410,000 Google Book hits for "the Vosges", the first page lists 10 books all referring to the mountains ("Trekking in the Vosges and Jura", "The Vosges Mountains Campaign", "The Watering Places of the Vosges", "In the Heart of the Vosges", "The Rhine: including the Black Forest and the Vosges", "The Country of the Vosges", etc. Also as I go through the links to Vosges, if you exclude the administrative units within the Vosges department, most of them refer to the mountain region. Bermicourt (talk) 19:05, 12 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Vosges → Vosges (department)
 * Vosges Mountains → Vosges

 * Support - mountain range seems to be the primary topic in reliable English language sources.--Staberinde (talk) 10:13, 14 June 2014 (UTC)

 * Support Even in French, it's not sure the department would be the wp:primarytopic if one was going by en.wiki's rules; it'd most probably would be a dab. (it is one on fr.wiki, which is much more tolerant of dab pages, for better or for worse depending on one's opinion). walk victor falktalk 17:10, 15 June 2014 (UTC)

 * Support per nom. —  AjaxSmack   20:54, 17 June 2014 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

title: Talk:Vosges (department)


text:
Murray County, Minnesota

Murray County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. The population was 8,179 at the 2020 census. Its county seat is Slayton.

History
In 1853 the Minnesota Territory legislature created Blue Earth County from unorganized Dakota Territory lands. In 1855 the legislature partitioned a portion of western Blue Earth to create Brown County. Then on May 23, 1857, a portion of Brown was partitioned off to create Murray County, although it was not organized at that time. On June 17, 1872, the county government was effected, with Currie, which had been founded that same year, as county seat. The county was named for William Pitt Murray (1825-1910), a prominent civic and political figure in Minnesota during its nascent era.

Also in 1872 the township of Center was platted (so named for its central position in the county). This settlement grew rapidly, and its residents soon began agitating to have the county seat moved there. In 1882 the town was renamed as Slayton, and a county vote changed the county seat to Slayton effective June 1, 1889.

In the history of record keeping, Minnesota has been struck by two F-5 tornadoes, and both occurred in Murray County: the Chandler-Lake Wilson Tornado (June 16, 1992) and the Tracy Tornado (June 13, 1968) that began in Murray County before crossing north into Lyon County.

Geography
The county terrain consists of low rolling hills, dotted with lakes and ponds, with all available area devoted to agriculture. The terrain slopes to the south and east. However, its highest elevation occurs on Buffalo Ridge, a promontory extending about two miles along the crest of the Coteau des Prairies in central Chanarambie Township. The bluff rises a few hundred feet above the adjacent valleys. The county has a total area of 720 sqmi, of which 705 sqmi is land and 15 sqmi (2.1%) is water.

The Mississippi-Missouri watershed divide runs through the western part of the county, near Chandler, along Buffalo Ridge. The county's highest point is on that ridge, at 1,920' ASL.

Major highways

 * [[Image:US 59.svg|20px]] U.S. Highway 59
 * [[Image:MN-30.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 30
 * [[Image:MN-62.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 62
 * [[Image:MN-91.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 91
 * [[Image:MN-267.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 267

Airports

 * Slayton Municipal Airport (DVP) - southwest of Slayton, Minnesota

Adjacent counties

 * Lyon County - north
 * Redwood County - northeast
 * Cottonwood County - east
 * Nobles County - south
 * Rock County - southwest
 * Pipestone County - west

Protected areas

 * Badger Lake State Wildlife Management Area
 * Bergman State Wildlife Management Area
 * Big Slough State Wildlife Management Area
 * Buffalo Lake State Wildlife Management Area
 * Chandler State Wildlife Management Area
 * County Line State Wildlife Management Area
 * Current Lake State Wildlife Management Area
 * Great Oasis State Wildlife Management Area
 * Haberman State Wildlife Management Area
 * Hjermstad Lake State Wildlife Management Area
 * Irruption State Wildlife Management Area
 * Klinker State Wildlife Management Area
 * Lake Shetek State Park
 * Lange State Wildlife Management Area
 * Leeds State Wildlife Management Area
 * Lowville State Wildlife Management Area
 * Mason State Wildlife Management Area
 * McCord-Laible State Wildlife Management Area
 * Nelson State Wildlife Management Area
 * Northern Tallgrass Prairie National Wildlife Refuge
 * Peters State Wildlife Management Area
 * Phelan State Wildlife Management Area
 * Reinhold State Wildlife Management Area
 * Rupp State Wildlife Management Area
 * Ruthton State Wildlife Management Area
 * Schoeberl State Wildlife Management Area
 * Shetek State Wildlife Management Area
 * Sweetman State Wildlife Management Area
 * Tutt State Wildlife Management Area
 * Van Eck State Wildlife Management Area

Lakes

 * Bear Lake (drained)
 * Bloody Lake
 * Buffalo Lake
 * Corabelle Lake
 * Current Lake
 * Fox Lake
 * Fulda First Lake
 * Iron Lake
 * Julia Lake (part)
 * Lake Louisa
 * Lake Maria
 * Lake Sarah
 * Lake Shetek
 * Lake Wilson
 * Lime Lake (formerly known as Lizzard Lake and Lake St. Rose)
 * Long Lake (part)
 * North Badger Lake
 * Round Lake
 * Smith Lake
 * South Badger Lake
 * Summit Lake
 * Talcot Lake (part)

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 9,165 people, 3,722 households, and 2,601 families in the county. The population density was 13 /mi2. There were 4,357 housing units at an average density of 6.18 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 98.34% White, 0.10% Black or African American, 0.22% Native American, 0.21% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.45% from other races, and 0.67% from two or more races. 1.47% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 47.3% were of German, 12.9% Norwegian, 12.5% Dutch and 5.1% Swedish ancestry.

There were 3,722 households, out of which 29.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.50% were married couples living together, 4.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.10% were non-families. 27.10% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.94.

The county population contained 25.00% under the age of 18, 5.90% from 18 to 24, 23.30% from 25 to 44, 24.70% from 45 to 64, and 21.20% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 98.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.00 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $34,966, and the median income for a family was $40,893. Males had a median income of $27,101 versus $19,636 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,936. About 6.30% of families and 8.30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.40% of those under age 18 and 9.40% of those age 65 or over.

Cities

 * Avoca
 * Chandler
 * Currie
 * Dovray
 * Fulda
 * Hadley
 * Iona
 * Lake Wilson
 * Slayton (county seat)

Census-designated place

 * The Lakes

Unincorporated communities

 * Current Lake
 * Lime Creek
 * Lowville
 * Owanka
 * Wirock

Townships

 * Belfast Township
 * Bondin Township
 * Cameron Township
 * Chanarambie Township
 * Des Moines River Township
 * Dovray Township
 * Ellsborough Township
 * Fenton Township
 * Holly Township
 * Iona Township
 * Lake Sarah Township
 * Leeds Township
 * Lime Lake Township
 * Lowville Township
 * Mason Township
 * Moulton Township
 * Murray Township
 * Shetek Township
 * Skandia Township
 * Slayton Township

Government and politics
The county matched the national outcome every year from 1964 until 2008 except 1988, when during the farm crisis it voted for Michael Dukakis. However, like most other rural heavily white areas of the country, it has swung heavily Republican since 2016. In 60% of presidential elections since 1980, the county selected the Republican Party candidate (as of 2020).

title: Murray County, Minnesota


text:
Mower County, Minnesota

Mower County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,029. The county seat is Austin. Mower County comprises the Austin Micropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Rochester-Austin Combined Statistical Area. Lake Louise State Park is in southeastern Mower County, near Le Roy.

History
The federal government established Wisconsin Territory effective July 3, 1836, and included what is now Minnesota, until its eastern portion was granted statehood (as Wisconsin) in 1848.

Congress established the Minnesota Territory effective March 3, 1849. The newly organized territorial legislature created nine counties across the territory in October of that year. Two of the original counties, Dakota and Wabashaw (later Wabasha), had portions reassigned on March 5, 1853, to create Rice County.

In 1852, Jacob McQuillin's family settled in southern Rice County, beginning a settlement movement that rapidly grew. On February 20, 1855, the territorial legislature created the present county from the southernmost part of Rice County. The new county was named for John Edward Mower, a member of the territorial legislature.

On March 1, 1856, Territorial Governor Willis A. Gorman signed the legislative act that organized the county. He appointed three commissioners, who first met in Frankford Township. In January 1857 those commissioners designated the permanent seat in Austin Township. In July 1857 the location within Austin Township was further defined, within Austin village, which had been platted during the spring of 1856.

Geography
Mower County lies on Minnesota's border with Iowa. The Cedar River flows south through the western part of the county, into Mitchell County, Iowa. The Upper Iowa River rises in Mower County. Its branches, the Little Iowa and Upper Branch Upper Iowa, merge near Le Roy and flow east-southeast out of the county's southeast corner into Mitchell County, Iowa. Deer Creek drains the southeastern part of the county, flowing northeast into Fillmore County. Bear Creek drains the northern part of the county, flowing east into Fillmore County. Carey Creek drains the northeastern part of the county, flowing northeast into Olmsted County. The county terrain consists of low rolling hills, etched with drainages and gullies. The area is devoted to agriculture where possible. The terrain slopes to the east and south from an elevated center ridge running west–east, with its highest point 1.6 mi east of Elkton, at 1,440 ft ASL. The county has an area of 712 sqmi, of which 711 sqmi is land and 0.2 sqmi (0.03%) is water.

Lakes
One of only four counties in Minnesota without any natural lakes (along with Olmsted, Pipestone, and Rock), Mower County does have four small ponds and lakes created by dams: The Cedar River (sometimes called the Red Cedar River) flows south into the county from its source in Dodge County and continues through the county into Mitchell County, Iowa. It flows through Mower County's four westernmost townships: Udolpho, Lansing, Austin, and Lyle.
 * East Side Lake: in the northeast quadrant of Austin
 * Lake Louise: in Lake Louise State Park near Le Roy
 * Mill Pond: in downtown Austin near the Hormel plant
 * Ramsey Mill Pond: in Ramsey Golf Course, near the unincorporated settlement of Ramsey

Transit

 * Southern Minnesota Area Rural Transit

Major highways

 * [[Image:MN-16.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 16
 * [[Image:MN-56.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 56
 * [[Image:MN-105.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 105
 * [[Image:MN-251.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 251
 * [[Image:MN-16.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 16
 * [[Image:MN-56.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 56
 * [[Image:MN-105.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 105
 * [[Image:MN-251.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 251

Airports

 * Austin Municipal Airport (AUM) - east of Austin

Adjacent counties

 * Dodge County - north
 * Olmsted County - northeast
 * Fillmore County - east
 * Howard County, Iowa - southeast
 * Mitchell County, Iowa - south
 * Worth County, Iowa - southwest
 * Freeborn County - west
 * Steele County - northwest

Protected areas

 * Lake Louise State Park
 * Larson State Wildlife Management Area
 * Red Cedar State Wildlife Management Area
 * Rose State Wildlife Management Area

Demographics
The county population has declined since its peak in 1960, as younger people have moved to urban areas for economic opportunities.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 38,603 people, 15,582 households, and 10,315 families in the county. The population density was 54.3 /mi2. There were 16,251 housing units at an average density of 22.9 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 94.7% White, 0.6% Black or African American, 0.2% Native American, 1.5% Asian, <0.1% Pacific Islander, 2.2% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. 4.3% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 35.9% identified as being of German, 24.4% as Norwegian and 7.0% as of Irish ancestry.

There were 15,582 households, out of which 29.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.70% were married couples living together, 8.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.80% were non-families. 29.10% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.98.

The county population contained 25.1% under the age of 18, 8.2% from 18 to 24, 25.7% from 25 to 44, 21.4% from 45 to 64, and 19.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 97.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.60 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $36,654, and the median income for a family was $45,154. Males had a median income of $31,743 versus $23,317 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,795. About 6.3% of families and 9.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.3% of those under age 18 and 5.6% of those age 65 or over.

Government
Mower County has a county-council style of government, made up of five county commissioners, each elected from a single-member district. They are elected to four-year terms, and elected on a staggered basis.

 * First district cities: Brownsdale, Mapleview, Waltham and the 1st ward, 1st precinct of Austin
 * Townships: Lansing Township, Red Rock Township, Udolpho Township, Waltham Township
 * Commissioner: John Mueller
 * Second district cities: Adams, Dexter, Elkton, Grand Meadow, Le Roy, Racine, Sargeant, Taopi
 * Townships: Adams Township, Bennington Township, Clayton Township, Dexter Township, Frankford Township, Grand Meadow Township, Le Roy Township, Lodi Township, Marshall Township, Pleasant Valley Township, Racine Township, Sargeant Township
 * Commissioner: Polly Glynn
 * Third district cities: Lyle, Rose Creek and the 2nd ward, 2nd precinct of Austin.
 * Townships: Austin, Lyle, Nevada and Windom.
 * Commissioner: Jerry Reinartz
 * Fourth district: all of the 3rd ward of Austin.
 * Commissioner: Dan Sparks
 * Fifth district: the 1st ward, 2nd precinct and the 2nd ward, 1st precinct of Austin.
 * Commissioner: Mike Ankeny

From its first participating election in 1860 through 1928, Mower County was traditionally Republican, voting for the Republican nominee in every election save 1912, when it voted for Bull Moose nominee and former Republican president Theodore Roosevelt. After the New Deal realignment in 1932, Mower County leaned Democratic for about 80 years, voting for the Democrat in every presidential election through 2012 save in Eisenhower's two landslides (1952 and 1956), and 1960, when it voted for Nixon over Kennedy (despite having only narrowly voted for Eisenhower four years earlier). In 2016, Donald Trump became the first Republican to carry the county since 1960, winning a high plurality of 49.8%. In 2020, he carried it again, this time with a majority, making it the first time the county had voted Republican two elections in a row since 1956 and 1960.

Cities

 * Adams
 * Austin (county seat)
 * Brownsdale
 * Dexter
 * Elkton
 * Grand Meadow
 * Le Roy
 * Lyle
 * Mapleview
 * Racine
 * Rose Creek
 * Sargeant
 * Taopi
 * Waltham

Census-designated place

 * Lansing

Unincorporated communities

 * Andyville
 * Corning (part)
 * Johnsburg
 * Mayville
 * Nicolville
 * Ramsey
 * Renova
 * Varco

Townships
Mower County's land is divided into 20 townships that each contain 36 square miles (six miles on a side). Mower County is five townships wide (30 mi west to east) and four townships from north to south (24 miles).

 * Adams
 * Austin
 * Bennington
 * Clayton
 * Dexter
 * Frankford
 * Grand Meadow
 * Lansing
 * Le Roy
 * Lodi
 * Lyle
 * Marshall
 * Nevada
 * Pleasant Valley
 * Racine
 * Red Rock
 * Sargeant
 * Udolpho
 * Waltham
 * Windom

title: Mower County, Minnesota


text:
Talk:Yonne

- Wondering how to edit this département entry? The WikiProject French departements standards might help.

title: Talk:Yonne


text:
Morrison County, Minnesota

Morrison County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 34,010. Its county seat is Little Falls. Camp Ripley Military Reservation occupies a significant area in north-central Morrison County.

History
Dakotah and Ojibwe Indians lived in central Minnesota around the Mississippi River. French and English fur traders and voyageurs traveled through Minnesota from the 17th century to the 19th century. They used the river to transport their goods and trade with the natives. The county was named for fur trading brothers William and Allan Morrison.

In the 19th century three prominent explorers led expeditions along the river through the area that became Morrison County. Zebulon Pike came through in 1805. Michigan Territory Governor Lewis Cass led an expedition through the area in 1820. Explorer and scientist Joseph Nicollet created the first accurate map of the area along the river in 1836.

Missionaries were some of the area's first European settlers. Methodist missionaries settled temporarily along the Little Elk River in 1838. The Reverend Frederic and Elisabeth (Taylor) Ayer moved to the Belle Prairie area in 1849. They started a mission and school there for the Ojibwe. Father Francis Xavier Pierz came to the area in 1852 and started many communities in central Minnesota, including Sobieski and Rich Prairie (later renamed Pierz) in Morrison County.

The US legislature established the Wisconsin Territory effective July 3, 1836. It existed until its eastern portion was granted statehood (as Wisconsin) in 1848. The federal government set up the Minnesota Territory effective March 3, 1849. The newly organized territorial legislature created nine counties across the territory in October of that year. On February 25, 1856, Benton, one of those original counties, had a portion of its northern section partitioned off to create Morrison County, with Little Falls as the county seat. It was named for William and Allen Morrison, early fur trappers and traders in the area.

The event that prodded further development of the county was the building of Fort Ripley (originally named Ft. Gaines). In order to construct this military outpost, the Little Falls Mill and Land Company built a dam and sawmill in 1849. The company was formed by James Green, Allan Morrison, Henry Rice, John Irvine, John Blair Smith Todd, and Napoleon Jackson Tecumseh Dana. Fort Ripley was ostensibly built to protect the Winnebago Indians, who had been relocated by Henry Rice from Iowa to central Minnesota west of the Mississippi River, between the Crow Wing and Long Prairie rivers. Rice hoped the Winnebago would act as a buffer between the warring Ojibwe and Dakotah. His plan was unsuccessful and in 1855 the Winnebago were moved to the Blue Earth River in southern Minnesota.

The Little Falls area was first settled in 1848, and platted in 1855. Its growth occurred when the Little Falls Company (later called the Little Falls Manufacturing Company) built a second dam. This dam washed out, as had the first, and Little Falls entered a long period of economic depression and stagnant population. Bit by bit, Little Falls grew, until it was officially incorporated as a village in 1879. Another wave of immigration occurred between 1880 and 1920. A wide variety of ethnic groups settled in Morrison County. This wave of immigration was spurred by the construction of the third dam at Little Falls in 1887. A group of investors from Louisville, Kentucky led by M. M. Williams financed the dam. To be sure their investment would succeed, they encouraged other major industries to move to the city, touting the water power.

Pine Tree Lumber Company, run by Charles A. Weyerhaeuser and Richard "Drew" Musser, was one business that took advantage of the water power, with their operations in Little Falls beginning in 1890. Hennepin Paper Company also started operations that year in the city.

In 1889 the Louisville investors drew up a charter to transform Little Falls from a village to a city. Nathan Richardson, one of Morrison County's original organizers, became the city's first mayor.

Geography
The Mississippi River flows south through west-central Morrison County. The Platte River flows south-southwest through the central part of the county, discharging into the Mississippi just at both rivers exit Morrison County at the border with Stearns County. The Little Elk River rises in Morrison County and flows east to discharge into the Mississippi just north of Little Falls, picking up the flow of the South Branch of the Little Elk River at Randall. The Mississippi also receives the flow of the Nokasippi River just above Camp Ripley. The Skunk River rises in the northeast part of the county, and flows west-southwest through the lower central part of the county, discharging into the Platte southeast of Little Falls.

The terrain consists of low rolling hills, partly wooded, carved with drainages and gullies, and with all available area devoted to agriculture. It generally slopes to the south, and slopes to the river valley from both east and west borders, with its highest point on the Camp Ripley Military Reservation, 2.4 mi east and 1.4 mi north of the east end of Lake Alexander, at 1,521 ft ASL. The county has an area of 1153 sqmi, of which 1125 sqmi is land and 28 sqmi (2.5%) is water.

Major highways

 * [[Image:US 10.svg|20px]] U.S. Highway 10
 * [[Image:MN-25.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 25
 * [[Image:MN-27.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 27
 * [[Image:MN-28.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 28
 * [[Image:MN-115.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 115
 * [[Image:MN-238.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 238
 * [[Image:MN-371.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 371

Airports

 * Little Falls/Morrison County Airport (LXL) - southeast of Little Falls

Adjacent counties

 * Cass County - north
 * Crow Wing County - northeast
 * Mille Lacs County - east
 * Benton County - southeast
 * Stearns County - south
 * Todd County - west

Protected areas

 * Belle Prairie County Park
 * Charles A. Lindbergh State Park
 * Coon Lake State Wildlife Management Area
 * Crane Meadows National Wildlife Refuge
 * Crane Meadows State Wildlife Management Area
 * Crow Wing State Park (part)
 * Culdrum State Wildlife Management Area
 * Ereaua State Wildlife Management Area
 * Lake Alexander Woods Scientific and Natural Area
 * Little Elk State Wildlife Management Area
 * Mud Lake State Wildlife Management Area
 * Neitermeier State Wildlife Management Area
 * Popple Lake State Wildlife Management Area
 * Rice-Skunk Lake State Wildlife Management Area
 * Richardson State Wildlife Management Area
 * Ripley Esker Scientific and Natural Area
 * Sponsa State Wildlife Management Area
 * Wittiker State Wildlife Management Area

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 31,712 people, 11,816 households, and 8,460 families in the county. The population density was 28.2 /mi2. There were 13,870 housing units at an average density of 12.3 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 98.48% White, 0.21% Black or African American, 0.32% Native American, 0.25% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.15% from other races, and 0.55% from two or more races. 0.64% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 45.4% were of German, 18.8% Polish, 7.3% Norwegian and 5.7% Swedish ancestry. 96.7% spoke English, 1.4% Spanish and 1.2% German as their first language.

There were 11,816 households, out of which 34.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.40% were married couples living together, 7.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.40% were non-families. 24.90% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.15.

The county population contained 28.00% under the age of 18, 8.00% from 18 to 24, 26.70% from 25 to 44, 21.70% from 45 to 64, and 15.60% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 101.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.50 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $37,047, and the median income for a family was $44,175. Males had a median income of $31,037 versus $22,244 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,566. About 7.50% of families and 11.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.40% of those under age 18 and 18.50% of those age 65 or over.

Cities

 * Bowlus
 * Buckman
 * Elmdale
 * Flensburg
 * Genola
 * Harding
 * Hillman
 * Lastrup
 * Little Falls (county seat)
 * Motley (part)
 * Pierz
 * Randall
 * Royalton (part)
 * Sobieski
 * Swanville (part)
 * Upsala

Unincorporated communities

 * Belle Prairie
 * Center Valley
 * Cushing
 * Darling
 * Freedhem
 * Gregory
 * Lincoln
 * Little Rock
 * Morrill
 * North Prairie
 * Platte
 * Ramey
 * Shamineau Park
 * Sullivan
 * Vawter

Townships

 * Agram Township
 * Belle Prairie Township
 * Bellevue Township
 * Buckman Township
 * Buh Township
 * Culdrum Township
 * Cushing Township
 * Darling Township
 * Elmdale Township
 * Granite Township
 * Green Prairie Township
 * Hillman Township
 * Lakin Township
 * Leigh Township
 * Little Falls Township
 * Morrill Township
 * Motley Township
 * Mount Morris Township
 * Parker Township
 * Pierz Township
 * Pike Creek Township
 * Platte Township
 * Pulaski Township
 * Rail Prairie Township (now defunct)
 * Richardson Township
 * Ripley Township
 * Rosing Township
 * Scandia Valley Township
 * Swan River Township
 * Swanville Township
 * Two Rivers Township

Politics
In previous decades, Morrison County voters were fairly balanced, but in the past few years the county has swung Republican. The county has selected the Republican nominee for president in 78% of elections since 1980.

title: Morrison County, Minnesota


text:
Baralku

Baralku, also written Burralku or Bralgu, is a place connected with creation ancestors in the mythology of the Yolngu people of Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory of Australia. It is referred to as island of the dead, and the place where the ancestors known as Djanggawul (Djan'kawu) originated, before travelling by canoe to Yalangbara, where they gave birth to the Rirratjingu clan.

Baralku is said to lie to the east of Arnhem Land and is where Barnumbirr the creator-spirit (represented by Venus, the Morning Star in Aboriginal astronomy) as she guided the Djanggawul sisters. Barnumbirr is also said to live on the island and rises into the sky as Venus.

title: Baralku


text:
Mille Lacs County, Minnesota

Mille Lacs County is a county in the East Central part of the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 26,459. Its county seat is Milaca. The county was founded in 1857, and its boundary was expanded in 1860.

Mille Lacs County is included in the Minneapolis-St. Paul Metropolitan Statistical Area.

A portion of the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation is in the county.

Etymology
The name Mille Lacs, meaning "thousand lakes" in French, was associated with Mille Lacs Lake in the region. (Its full name in French was Grand lac du pays des mille lacs.) This is the largest lake in the Brainerd Lakes Area, which French colonists and traders called the "Region of the Thousand Lakes" (Pays des mille lacs).

History
The US legislature established the Wisconsin Territory effective July 3, 1836. It existed until its eastern portion was granted statehood (as Wisconsin) in 1848. The federal government set up the Minnesota Territory from the remaining territory effective March 3, 1849. The newly organized territorial legislature created nine counties across the territory in October of that year. On May 23, 1857, one of those original counties, Benton, had its eastern portion partitioned off to create Mille Lacs County. The original county consisted of the portion of the contemporary Mille Lacs County east of the west branch of the Rum River and two townships now part of Isanti County, adjacent to Mille Lacs County. In 1858 the 12 townships forming the contemporary southern 10 townships of Mille Lacs County and the two northwestern townships in Isanti County were organized apart from Benton and Mille Lacs Counties to form Monroe County, leaving the northern "Square Top-knot" as Mille Lacs County. In 1860, Monroe and Mille Lacs Counties merged. Shortly thereafter, the two southeastern townships were transferred to Isanti County, forming the county's present boundaries.

Geography
The Rum River flows south through the county, originating from Mille Lacs Lake. It is joined by the West Branch of the Rum River, which rises in northwest Mille Lacs County and flows south-southeast to its confluence with the Rum at Princeton. The county terrain consists of wooded rolling hills, carved by drainages, with open areas devoted to agriculture. The terrain slopes to the south and east, with its highest point at 1 mi from the southwest shoreline of Mille Lacs Lake, in Mille Lacs Kathio State Park. A hill there measures 1,371 ft ASL.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 682 sqmi, of which 572 sqmi is land and 109 sqmi (16%) is water.

Major highways

 * [[Image:US 169 (MN).svg|20px]] U.S. Highway 169
 * [[Image:MN-18.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 18
 * [[Image:MN-23.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 23
 * [[Image:MN-27.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 27
 * [[Image:MN-47.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 47
 * [[Image:MN-95.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 95

Airports

 * Milaca Municipal Airport (18Y) - northeast of Milaca
 * Princeton Municipal Airport (PNM) - southwest of Princeton

Adjacent counties

 * Aitkin County - north
 * Kanabec County - northeast
 * Isanti County - southeast
 * Sherburne County - south
 * Benton County - southwest
 * Morrison County - west
 * Crow Wing County - northwest

Protected areas

 * Father Hennepin State Park
 * Four Brooks State Wildlife Management Area (part)
 * Kunkel State Wildlife Management Area
 * Mille Lacs Kathio State Park
 * Mille Lacs National Wildlife Refuge
 * Mille Lacs State Wildlife Management Area
 * Rum River State Forest
 * Solana State Forest (part)

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 22,330 people, 8,638 households, and 6,003 families in the county. The population density was 39.0 /mi2. There were 10,467 housing units at an average density of 18.3 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 93.55% White, 0.27% Black or African American, 4.68% Native American, 0.21% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.22% from other races, and 1.05% from two or more races. 0.96% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 31.9% were of German, 14.4% Swedish and 14.2% Norwegian ancestry.

There were 8,638 households, out of which 32.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.50% were married couples living together, 9.50% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.50% were non-families. 25.90% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.03.

The county population contained 27.00% under the age of 18, 7.50% from 18 to 24, 26.90% from 25 to 44, 22.60% from 45 to 64, and 16.10% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 98.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.10 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $36,977, and the median income for a family was $44,054. Males had a median income of $32,348 versus $22,036 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,656. About 6.70% of families and 9.60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.90% of those under age 18 and 11.30% of those age 65 or over.

Cities

 * Bock
 * Foreston
 * Isle (Chi-minising)
 * Milaca (county seat)
 * Onamia
 * Pease
 * Princeton (partly in Sherburne County)
 * Wahkon

Census-designated place

 * Vineland (Neyaashiing)

Unincorporated communities

 * Bayview
 * Cove
 * Estes Brook
 * Long Siding
 * Opstead
 * Page
 * Woodward Brook

Ghost towns

 * Brickton
 * Burnhelm Siding
 * Esteville
 * Freer
 * Johnsdale
 * Soule's Crossing
 * Stirling

Townships

 * Bogus Brook Township
 * Borgholm Township
 * Bradbury Township
 * Dailey Township
 * East Side Township
 * Greenbush Township
 * Hayland Township
 * Isle Harbor Township
 * Kathio Township
 * Lewis Township
 * Milaca Township
 * Milo Township
 * Mudgett Township
 * Onamia Township
 * Page Township
 * Princeton Township
 * South Harbor Township

Politics
Mille Lacs County voters have traditionally voted a balanced ticket, but in the past few decades have become strongly Republican. Since 1980 the county selected the Republican Party candidate in 67% of national elections (as of 2020).

title: Mille Lacs County, Minnesota


text:
Talk:Territoire-de-Belfort

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Meeker County, Minnesota

Meeker County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 23,400. Its county seat is Litchfield.

History
The Wisconsin Territory was established by the federal government effective July 3, 1836, and existed until its eastern portion was granted statehood (as Wisconsin) in 1848. The federal government set up the Minnesota Territory effective March 3, 1849. The newly organized territorial legislature created nine counties across the territory in October of that year. One of those original counties, Dakota, had portions partitioned off to create Cass (1851), Nicollet (1853), Pierce (1853), and Sibley (1853) counties. In 1855 portions of those counties were carved out to create Davis, and on February 23, 1856, the territorial legislature created Meeker County from a portion of Davis. It was named for Bradley B. Meeker (1813-1873), who served on the Minnesota Territorial Supreme Court from 1849 to 1853. The area of Forest City was first settled in the 1850s, and the village was named the county seat in 1856. It was platted as Forest City in 1857.

In 1856 the first settlers moved into the future Litchfield; the resulting settlement was named Ness. The area grew, and with the arrival of a spur from the St. Paul and Pacific Railroad, the vote was taken to move the county seat to this area in the fall of 1869. Upon being platted in 1869, the city was renamed Litchfield.

On March 20, 1858, the western portion of Meeker County was partitioned off to create Kandiyohi County. Meeker County's boundaries have remained unchanged since then.

The murder of five white homesteaders in Acton on August 17, 1862, by four young Dakota men sparked the 1862 Dakota War, and the battle of Acton on September 3 saw the 75 men of Company B, 9th Minnesota ambushed by a superior force of Dakota and forced to retreat to Hutchinson. The Dakota attacked Forest City shortly thereafter, and numerous monuments to people killed in the conflict can be found in the county.

Geography
Meeker County's terrain consists of low rolling hills, lightly wooded and heavily dotted with lakes and ponds. The available area is devoted to agriculture. The terrain slopes to the south and east, with its highest point just southwest of Lake Hope, 7.9 mi west-southwest of Litchfield, at 1,261 ft ASL. The county has a total area of 645 sqmi, of which 608 sqmi is land and 37 sqmi (5.7%) is water.

Major highways

 * [[Image:US 12.svg|20px]] U.S. Highway 12
 * [[Image:MN-4.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 4
 * [[Image:MN-7.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 7
 * [[Image:MN-15.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 15
 * [[Image:MN-22.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 22
 * [[Image:MN-24.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 24
 * [[Image:MN-55.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 55

Adjacent counties

 * Stearns County - north
 * Wright County - east
 * McLeod County - southeast
 * Renville County - southwest
 * Kandiyohi County - west

Protected areas

 * Acton State Wildlife Management Area
 * Greenleaf Lake State Recreation Area
 * Greenleaf State Wildlife Management Area
 * Knapp State Wildlife Management Area (part)
 * Madsen State Wildlife Management Area
 * Popular State Wildlife Management Area
 * Wieker State Wildlife Management Area

2020 census
''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.''

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 22,644 people, 8,590 households, and 6,133 families in the county. The population density was 37.2 /mi2. There were 9,821 housing units at an average density of 16.2 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 97.35% White, 0.19% Black or African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.40% Asian, 1.40% from other races, and 0.48% from two or more races. 2.15% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 45.8% were of German, 12.2% Swedish and 11.3% Norwegian ancestry.

There were 8,590 households, out of which 33.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.50% were married couples living together, 6.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.60% were non-families. 24.40% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.07.

The county population contained 27.00% under the age of 18, 7.40% from 18 to 24, 26.40% from 25 to 44, 23.00% from 45 to 64, and 16.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 101.70 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.90 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $40,908, and the median income for a family was $47,923. Males had a median income of $33,157 versus $22,743 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,628. About 4.70% of families and 7.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.40% of those under age 18 and 13.80% of those age 65 or over.

Cities

 * Cedar Mills
 * Cosmos
 * Darwin
 * Dassel
 * Eden Valley (part)
 * Grove City
 * Kingston
 * Litchfield (county seat)
 * Watkins

Unincorporated communities

 * Acton
 * Beckville
 * Corvuso
 * Crow River
 * Forest City
 * Greenleaf
 * Jennie
 * Lamson
 * Manannah
 * Rosendale
 * Strout

Townships
There were, as of 1888, 17 Townships in Meeker County.

 * Acton Township
 * Cedar Mills Township
 * Collinwood Township
 * Cosmos Township
 * Danielson Township
 * Darwin Township
 * Dassel Township
 * Ellsworth Township
 * Forest City Township
 * Forest Prairie Township
 * Greenleaf Township
 * Harvey Township
 * Kingston Township
 * Litchfield Township
 * Manannah Township
 * Swede Grove Township
 * Union Grove Township

Politics
Meeker County usually votes Republican. In 78% of national elections since 1980 the county selected the Republican Party candidate (as of 2020).

Notable people

 * Magnus Johnson (1871-1936) - local farmer and United States Senator (1923-1925)

title: Meeker County, Minnesota


text:
Martin County, Minnesota

Martin County is a county in Minnesota, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,025. Its county seat is Fairmont.

History
The county was created by the Minnesota Territory legislature on May 23, 1857, with Fair Mount (which was also platted in 1857) designated as county seat. The town's name was later shortened to Fairmont. Two explanations have been advanced for the county's name. A delegate to the US Congress from the Wisconsin Territory, Morgan Lewis Martin, introduced the legislative act to organize the Minnesota Territory. But in 1904 the county's oldest residents attested that the name referred to Henry Martin, an early settler from Connecticut who ran several businesses during the pre-territory era.

Geography
Martin County lies on Minnesota's border with Iowa. The East Fork of the Des Moines River flows southeastward through the lower western part of the county. The county terrain consists of low rolling hills, dotted with lakes and ponds, completely devoted to agriculture where possible. The terrain slopes to the east and north, with its highest point near its southwest corner, at 1,407 ft ASL. The county has an area of 730 sqmi, of which 712 sqmi is land and 17 sqmi (2.4%) is water.

Major highways

 * [[Image:I-90.svg|20px]] Interstate 90
 * [[Image:MN-4.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 4
 * [[Image:MN-15.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 15
 * [[Image:MN-263.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 263

Airports

 * Fairmont Municipal Airport (FRM)

Adjacent counties

 * Watonwan County - north
 * Blue Earth County - northeast
 * Faribault County - east
 * Kossuth County, Iowa - southeast
 * Emmet County, Iowa - southwest
 * Jackson County - west

Protected areas

 * Ceylon State Wildlife Management Area
 * Fox Lake Refuge
 * Luedtke State Wildlife Management Area
 * Perch Creek State Wildlife Management Area
 * State Wildlife Management Area
 * Truman Wildlife Area

Lakes

 * Amber Lake
 * Big Twin Lake
 * Bright Lake
 * Budd Lake
 * Buffalo Lake (Cedar Township)
 * Buffalo Lake (Rutland Township)
 * Canright Lake
 * Cedar Lake
 * Clam Lake
 * Clayton Lake
 * Clear Lake
 * Creek Lake
 * Eagle Lake
 * East Chain Lake
 * Fish Lake (Cedar Township)
 * Fish Lake (Lake Belt Township)
 * Fox Lake
 * Hall Lake
 * High Lake
 * Iowa Lake (part)
 * Kiester Lake
 * Lake Charlotte
 * Lake George
 * Lake Imogene
 * Lake Seymour
 * Little Hat Lake
 * Little Twin Lake
 * Martin Lake
 * Mud Lake
 * Murphy Lake
 * North Lake
 * North Silver Lake
 * Okamanpeedan Lake (part)
 * Perch Lake
 * Pierce Lake
 * Rose Lake
 * Round Lake (Fox Lake Township)
 * Round Lake (Waverly Township)
 * Sager Lakes
 * Sisseton Lake
 * South Silver Lake
 * Susan Lake
 * Temperance Lake
 * Tuttle Lake
 * Watkins Lake
 * Wilmert Lake

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 21,802 people, 9,067 households, and 6,047 families in the county. The population density was 30.6 /mi2. There were 9,800 housing units at an average density of 13.8 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 97.22% White, 0.25% Black or African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.42% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.26% from other races, and 0.73% from two or more races. 1.93% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 51.6% were of German, 11.9% Norwegian, 5.9% Swedish and 5.0% English ancestry.

There were 9,067 households, out of which 29.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.60% were married couples living together, 7.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.30% were non-families. 30.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.92.

The county population contained 24.80% under the age of 18, 6.40% from 18 to 24, 24.90% from 25 to 44, 24.00% from 45 to 64, and 19.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 95.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.50 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $34,810, and the median income for a family was $44,541. Males had a median income of $30,467 versus $21,780 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,529. About 7.10% of families and 10.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.10% of those under age 18 and 9.00% of those age 65 or over.

Cities

 * Ceylon
 * Dunnell
 * Fairmont (county seat)
 * Granada
 * Northrop
 * Ormsby (part)
 * Sherburn
 * Trimont
 * Truman
 * Welcome

Unincorporated communities

 * East Chain
 * Fox Lake
 * Imogene
 * Nashville Center
 * Wilbert

Townships

 * Cedar Township
 * Center Creek Township
 * East Chain Township
 * Elm Creek Township
 * Fairmont Township
 * Fox Lake Township
 * Fraser Township
 * Galena Township
 * Jay Township
 * Lake Belt Township
 * Lake Fremont Township
 * Manyaska Township
 * Nashville Township
 * Pleasant Prairie Township
 * Rolling Green Township
 * Rutland Township
 * Silver Lake Township
 * Tenhassen Township
 * Waverly Township
 * Westford Township

Government and politics
Martin County has been reliably Republican for almost its entire existence. It has voted Republican in 35 of the 41 elections since the formation of the county and has only voted Democratic once since 1948.

title: Martin County, Minnesota


text:
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Marshall County, Minnesota

Marshall County is a county in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,040. Its county seat is Warren.

History
The Minnesota legislature created the county on February 25, 1879, with territory partitioned from the southern half of Kittson County, with Warren (which was first platted that same year) as the county seat. It was named for William Rainey Marshall, who served as Minnesota governor from 1866 to 1870.

Marshall County was the location of a claimed UFO incident in 1979, the Val Johnson incident.

Geography
Marshall County lies on Minnesota's border with North Dakota (across the Red River, which flows north along the county's western border). The Snake River rises in Polk County and flows north through the western part of the county to its confluence with the Red. The Tamarac River rises in Marshall County and flows west through the county's northern area to its confluence with the Red. The Middle River also rises in Marshall County and flows west through the southern part of the county, discharging into the Snake just upstream of the Snake/Red confluence. The county terrain consists of low rolling hills, carved with drainages, completely devoted to agriculture where possible. The terrain slopes to the west and north, with its highest point near the midpoint of its eastern border, at 1,194 ft ASL. The county has an area of 1813 sqmi, of which 1775 sqmi is land and 38 sqmi (2.1%) is water. Marshall is one of 17 Minnesota savanna region counties where savanna soils predominate. The true highpoint is in the northeast of the county and caltopo displays 1237 ft at 48.5339°N, -96.0167°W

Major highways

 * US 59.svg U.S. Highway 59
 * US 75.svg U.S. Highway 75
 * MN-1.svg Minnesota State Highway 1
 * MN-32.svg Minnesota State Highway 32
 * MN-89.svg Minnesota State Highway 89
 * MN-219.svg Minnesota State Highway 219
 * MN-220.svg Minnesota State Highway 220
 * MN-317.svg Minnesota State Highway 317

Airports

 * Stephen Municipal Airport (D41) - northeast of Stephen

Adjacent counties

 * Kittson County - north
 * Roseau County - northeast
 * Beltrami County - east
 * Pennington County - southeast
 * Polk County - south
 * Grand Forks County, North Dakota - southwest
 * Walsh County, North Dakota - west
 * Pembina County, North Dakota - northwest

Protected areas

 * Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge
 * Agassiz Wilderness
 * Florian Park
 * Florian State Wildlife Management Area
 * Old Mill State Park

Lakes

 * Thief Lake
 * Webster Creek Pool

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 10,155 people, 4,101 households and 2,837 families in the county. The population density was 5.72 /mi2. There were 4,791 housing units at an average density of 2.70 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 97.22% White, 0.10% Black or African American, 0.29% Native American, 0.17% Asian, 1.62% from other races, and 0.60% from two or more races. 2.93% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 43.2% were of Norwegian, 12.1% Polish, 11.7% German and 9.6% Swedish ancestry.

There were 4,101 households, of which 30.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.20% were married couples living together, 5.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.80% were non-families. 28.70% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 3.01.

The county population contained 25.40% under the age of 18, 6.70% from 18 to 24, 24.70% from 25 to 44, 24.70% from 45 to 64, and 18.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 103.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.10 males.

The median household income was $34,804, and the median family income was $41,908. Males had a median income of $30,051 versus $20,600 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,317. About 6.90% of families and 9.80% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.30% of those under age 18 and 12.80% of those age 65 or over.

Cities

 * Alvarado
 * Argyle
 * Grygla
 * Holt
 * Middle River
 * Newfolden
 * Oslo
 * Stephen
 * Strandquist
 * Viking
 * Warren (county seat)

Unincorporated communities

 * Big Woods
 * Englund
 * Espelie
 * Florian
 * Gatzke
 * Luna
 * March
 * Radium
 * Rosewood

Townships

 * Agder Township
 * Alma Township
 * Augsburg Township
 * Big Woods Township
 * Bloomer Township
 * Boxville Township
 * Cedar Township
 * Como Township
 * Comstock Township
 * Donnelly Township
 * Eagle Point Township
 * East Park Township
 * East Valley Township
 * Eckvoll Township
 * Espelie Township
 * Excel Township
 * Foldahl Township
 * Fork Township
 * Grand Plain Township
 * Holt Township
 * Huntly Township
 * Lincoln Township
 * Linsell Township
 * Marsh Grove Township
 * McCrea Township
 * Middle River Township
 * Moose River Township
 * Moylan Township
 * Nelson Park Township
 * New Folden Township
 * New Maine Township
 * New Solum Township
 * Oak Park Township
 * Parker Township
 * Rollis Township
 * Sinnott Township
 * Spruce Valley Township
 * Tamarac Township
 * Thief Lake Township
 * Valley Township
 * Vega Township
 * Veldt Township
 * Viking Township
 * Wanger Township
 * Warrenton Township
 * West Valley Township
 * Whiteford Township
 * Wright Township

Unorganized territory

 * Mud Lake

Government and politics
Marshall County has voted Republican in presidential elections since 2000, except in 2008, when Barack Obama won the county by less than one percentage point.

title: Marshall County, Minnesota


text:
Mahnomen County, Minnesota

Mahnomen County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,411. Its county seat is Mahnomen.

The county is part of the White Earth Indian Reservation. It is the only county in Minnesota entirely within an Indian reservation. Mahnomen, East Polk, and Becker counties constitute one of northwestern Minnesota's biggest cattle-raising areas.

History
The county was created from the east half of Norman County on December 27, 1906, with Mahnomen, a former railway station town, as the county seat. The county was named for the town, the name of which is one spelling of the Ojibwe word for "wild rice".

From 1857 to 1858, similarly named Manomin County existed in Minnesota, which merged into Anoka County.

Geography
The Wild Rice River enters the county from Clearwater County and flows west through the central part of the county. The White Earth River originates from White Earth Lake on the county's southern border and flows northwest to its confluence with the Wild Rice near Mahnomen. The county terrain consists of low rolling hills, carved with drainages. The eastern part of the county is dotted with lakes and ponds and largely wooded. All non-wooded areas are devoted to agriculture where possible. The county slopes to the west and north, with its highest point near the middle of the east border, at 1,825 ft ASL. The county has an area of 583 sqmi, of which 558 sqmi is land and 25 sqmi (4.3%) is water. Mahnomen is one of 17 Minnesota savanna region counties with more savanna soils than either prairie or forest soils.

Major highways

 * [[Image:US 59.svg|20px]] U.S. Highway 59
 * [[Image:MN-113.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 113
 * [[Image:MN-200.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 200

Airports

 * Mahnomen County Airport (3N8) - south of Mahnomen

Adjacent counties

 * Polk County - north
 * Clearwater County - east
 * Becker County - south
 * Norman County - west

Protected areas

 * Beaulife State Wildlife Management Area
 * Bejou State Wildlife Management Area
 * Budde Meadow State Wildlife Management Area
 * Dittmer State Wildlife Management Area
 * Foot State Wildlife Management Area
 * Hasselton State Wildlife Management Area (part)
 * Loncrace State Wildlife Management Area
 * Mahgre State Wildlife Management Area
 * Rush Lake State Wildlife Management Area
 * Santee Prairie Scientific and Natural Area
 * Wambach State Wildlife Management Area
 * Warren Lake State Wildlife Management Area

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 5,190 people, 1,969 households, and 1,366 families in the county. The population density was 9.3 /mi2. There were 2,700 housing units at an average density of 4.84 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 62.85% White (3,262 people) 0.13% Black or African American (7 people), 28.55% Native American (1,482 people), 0.06% Asian (3 people), 0.31% from other races (16 people), and 8.09% (420 people) from two or more races. 0.89% of the population (46 people) were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 29.4% (1525 people) were of German and 17.0% (882 people) Norwegian ancestry.

There were 1,969 households, out of which 32.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.60% were married couples living together, 11.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.60% were non-families. 27.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.14.

The county population contained 29.20% under the age of 18, 7.20% from 18 to 24, 23.50% from 25 to 44, 23.40% from 45 to 64, and 16.70% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 102.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.40 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $30,053, and the median income for a family was $35,500. Males had a median income of $23,614 versus $21,000 for females. The per capita income for the county was $13,438. About 11.80% of families and 16.70% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.30% of those under age 18 and 15.30% of those age 65 or over.

Cities

 * Bejou
 * Mahnomen (county seat)
 * Waubun

Census-designated places

 * Beaulieu
 * Midway
 * Naytahwaush
 * Pine Bend
 * Riverland
 * Roy Lake
 * The Ranch
 * Twin Lakes
 * West Roy Lake

Unincorporated community

 * Mahkonce

Townships

 * Beaulieu Township
 * Bejou Township
 * Chief Township
 * Clover Township
 * Gregory Township
 * Heier Township
 * Island Lake Township
 * La Garde Township
 * Lake Grove Township
 * Little Elbow Township
 * Marsh Creek Township
 * Oakland Township
 * Pembina Township
 * Popple Grove Township
 * Rosedale Township
 * Twin Lakes Township

Government and politics
For several decades, Mahnomen County voters have tended to vote Democratic. As of 2020 the county has selected the Democratic candidate in six of the past nine presidential elections.

title: Mahnomen County, Minnesota


text:
McLeod County, Minnesota

McLeod County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. At the 2020 census, the population was 36,771. Its county seat is Glencoe.

McLeod County comprises the Hutchinson, MN Micropolitan Statistical Area and is part of the Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI Combined Statistical Area.

History
For thousands of years the area was inhabited by indigenous peoples. At the time of European contact, it was the territory of the Dakota Sioux. The county was created by the Minnesota Territorial legislature on March 1, 1856. It was named for Martin McLeod, a Canadian-born adventurer who became a fur trader and later was elected a territorial representative (1849–1856) in Minnesota. As a young man, he was part of James Dickson's 1836 expedition to the Red River of the North, a journey recounted in his Diary of Martin McLeod, a manuscript held by the Minnesota Historical Society.

"In 1859 the three Czech families already living in McLeod County were joined by those of Josef Vosmek, Josef Zicha, Antonin Nunvar, and Jan Vanous, all acquaintances from Caledonia, where they had resided for several years after their arrival from Bohemia. Other settlers followed, taking homesteads close by in the present township of Rich Valley".

The county seat was sited at Glencoe as part of the original act; it had been founded (June 11, 1855) by Martin McLeod, who was a member of the townsite company when the county was founded.

The county was the site of several events during the Dakota War of 1862, including the siege of Hutchinson and the killing of the White family near Brownton. It was also the first place to use the Geier Hitch, a kind of animal husbandry that some characterize as animal abuse.

Geography
The South Fork of the Crow River flows easterly through the upper central part of McLeod County, thence into Wright County. Buffalo Creek also flows eastward through the lower central part of the county, thence into Wright. The county terrain consists of low rolling hills, dotted with lakes and lightly etched by drainages and gullies. The area is mostly devoted to agriculture. The terrain is sloped to the east, with its highest point on the upper west border at 1,096 ft ASL. The county has an area of 506 sqmi, of which 491 sqmi is land and 14 sqmi (2.8%) is water. Only savanna and prairie soils exist in McLeod County. Northeast McLeod County once had significant areas of Maple-Basswood or "Big Woods" forests. https://mn.gov/admin/assets/2012-Investigating-Poorly-Known-Areas-of-Minnesota--An-Archaeological-Survey-of-McLeod-County_tcm36-187391.pdf

Major highways

 * [[Image:US 212 (MN).svg|20px]] US Highway 212
 * [[Image:MN-7.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 7
 * [[Image:MN-15.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 15
 * [[Image:MN-22.svg|20px]] Minnesota State Highway 22
 * List of county roads

Adjacent counties

 * Wright County - northeast
 * Carver County - east
 * Sibley County - south
 * Renville County - west
 * Meeker County - northwest

Lakes

 * Baker's Lake
 * Bear Lake
 * Belle Lake (part)
 * Bremers Lake
 * Butternut Lake (part)
 * Campbell Lake (Acoma Township)
 * Campbell Lake (part in Winsted Township, part in Carver County)
 * Campbells Lake
 * Cedar Lake (part)
 * Clear Lake (Acoma Township)
 * Clear Lake (Sumter Township)
 * Coon Lakes (par)
 * Dettman Lake
 * Eagle Lake
 * Echo Lake
 * French Lake
 * Grass Lake
 * Kings Lake
 * Kujas Lake
 * Lake Addie
 * Lake Allen
 * Lake Barber
 * Lake Byron (part)
 * Lake Clara
 * Lake Emily
 * Lake Harrington
 * Lake Hook
 * Lake Marion
 * Lake Mary
 * Lake Todd
 * Lewis Lake
 * Little Bear Lake
 * Loughman Lake
 * Mud Lake (Hale and Rich Valley townships)
 * Mud Lake: (Lynn Township)
 * O'Mera Lake
 * Otter Lake
 * Pierce Lake
 * Piker Lake
 * Popp Lake
 * Round Grove Lake (part)
 * Ryan Lake
 * Shakopee Lake (part)
 * Silver Lake
 * South Lake
 * Stahl Lake
 * Sustacek Lake
 * Swan Lake
 * Tomlinson Lake
 * Ward Lake (part)
 * Whitney Lake
 * Winsted Lake

2020 census
''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.''

2000 census
As of the 2000 census, there were 34,898 people, 13,449 households and 9,427 families in the county. The population density was 71.1 /mi2. There were 14,087 housing units at an average density of 28.7 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 96.62% White, 0.22% Black or African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.56% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 1.79% from other races, and 0.58% from two or more races. 3.63% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 57.5% were of German and 8.5% Norwegian ancestry.

There were 13,449 households, of which 34.90% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.20% were married couples living together, 7.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.90% were non-families. 25.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.08.

The county population contained 27.70% under the age of 18, 7.80% from 18 to 24, 29.30% from 25 to 44, 21.30% from 45 to 64, and 13.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 98.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.10 males.

The median household income was $45,953 and the median family income was $55,003. Males had a median income of $35,709 compared with $25,253 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,137. About 2.80% of families and 4.80% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.80% of those under age 18 and 8.10% of those age 65 or over.

Cities

 * Biscay
 * Brownton
 * Glencoe (county seat)
 * Hutchinson
 * Lester Prairie
 * Plato
 * Silver Lake
 * Stewart
 * Winsted

Unincorporated communities

 * Fernando
 * Heatwole
 * Komensky
 * Lake Addie
 * Sherman
 * South Silver Lake
 * Sumter

Townships

 * Acoma Township
 * Bergen Township
 * Collins Township
 * Glencoe Township
 * Hale Township
 * Hassan Valley Township
 * Helen Township
 * Hutchinson Township
 * Lynn Township
 * Penn Township
 * Rich Valley Township
 * Round Grove Township
 * Sumter Township
 * Winsted Township

Politics
McLeod County voters have traditionally been Republican. In only one national election since 1964 has the county selected the Democratic Party candidate (as of 2020).

title: McLeod County, Minnesota


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