text:
Pepper Pike, Ohio

Pepper Pike is a city in eastern Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. The population was 6,796 as of the 2020 census. A suburb of Cleveland, it is a part of the Cleveland metropolitan area.

History
In 1763, sixteen pioneers settled the area along the eastern border of present-day Cuyahoga County. In 1763, Orange Township was established, which included the present municipalities of Pepper Pike, Hunting Valley, Moreland Hills, Orange Village and Woodmere. Orange Township was the birthplace of President James A. Garfield in 1831. By the late 1880s, dairy farming and cheese production became the primary industry of the township. In 1924, residents of the northwestern quadrant of Orange Township voted to separate, and the village of Pepper Pike was incorporated. The name "Pepper Pike" was supposedly selected after the Pepper family, who lived and worked along the primary transportation corridor (i.e., turnpike), although there are other theories about the name. Incorporated as a city in 1970, Pepper Pike operates under the mayor-council form of government. In the late 2000s, it was chosen as one of the top seven strangest city names by the World Book of Facts.

Homes in the city are required to have an area of one acre so that residents can enjoy bucolic surroundings. Pepper Pike has been named a "Tree City USA" several consecutive years by the National Arbor Day Foundation.

The RTA's greenline was originally planned to extend from Green Road to Brainard in Pepper Pike, but financial setbacks in the 1930s prevented its completion. The arrival of I-271 in the 1960s cemented the region's reliance on automobiles over the train system.

On November 15, 2019, a natural gas pipeline in Pepper Pike exploded.

Geography
Pepper Pike is located at 41.47694°N, -81.46889°W (41.476836, -81.468975) in the eastern section of Cuyahoga County.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 7.09 sqmi, of which 7.06 sqmi is land and 0.03 sqmi is water.

Demographics
The median income for a household in the city was $190,682, and the median income for a family was $166,765, per capita income for the city was $89,235. In 2020, Bloomberg named Pepper Pike the 43rd richest town in America. About 5.2% of the total population were below the poverty line. Of the city's population over the age of 25, 78.1% held a bachelor's degree or higher.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 5,979 people, 2,176 households, and 1,753 families residing in the city. The population density was 846.9 PD/sqmi. There were 2,349 housing units at an average density of 332.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 86.3% White, 6.5% African American, 0.2% Native American, 5.5% Asian, 0.1% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.4% of the population.

There were 2,176 households, of which 31.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 73.5% were married couples living together, 5.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 1.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 19.4% were non-families. 16.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the average family size was 2.91.

The median age in the city was 49.2 years. 23.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 14.1% were from 25 to 44; 32.5% were from 45 to 64; and 23.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.5% male and 53.5% female.

2000 census
In 2000, there were 1,000 households, out of which 32.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 78.3% were married couples living together, 5.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 15.7% were non-families. 14.0% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.6% under the age of 18, 4.8% from 18 to 24, 16.7% from 25 to 44, 34.5% from 45 to 64, and 20.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.5 males.

Pepper Pike's Israeli community had the twenty fifth highest percentage of residents, which was at 1.4% (tied with Plainview, NY).

Education
Pepper Pike is served by the Orange City School District, which also includes neighboring Hunting Valley, Moreland Hills, Orange, and Woodmere. The campus of Orange High School is located in Pepper Pike, along with the Orange Branch of the Cuyahoga County Public Library.

Ursuline College, a liberal-arts school founded in 1871, is located in Pepper Pike. The oldest Catholic women's college in Ohio, it has an enrollment of approximately 1,100 students as of 2018, and offers 30 undergraduate, nine graduate, and 10 degree-completion programs.

The Japanese Language School of Cleveland (JLSC; クリーブランド日本語補習校 Kurīburando Nihongo Hoshūkō), a part-time Japanese school, previously held its classes at the Lillian and Betty Ratner School in Pepper Pike.

Cemeteries

 * Orange Cemetery, Lander Circle & Chagrin Blvd.

Notable people

 * Matt Dery, radio personality
 * Vincent Marotta, entrepreneur, co-creator of Mr. Coffee
 * Mark Rosewater, head designer of Magic the Gathering
 * JD Samson, musician, producer, songwriter and DJ best known as a member of the bands Le Tigre and MEN
 * Tara Seibel, artist and graphic novelist, best known for being the last cartoonist to work with Harvey Pekar, creator of American Splendor
 * George Stephanopoulos, political advisor and television news journalist on ABC News, co-host of Good Morning America, and anchor of This Week
 * Seth Taft, grandson of President William Howard Taft

title: Pepper Pike, Ohio


text:
Richmond Heights, Ohio

Richmond Heights is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. The population was 10,801 at the 2020 census. A suburb of Cleveland, it is part of the Cleveland metropolitan area.

History
Originally a part of Euclid Township, Richmond Heights was founded as the Village of Claribel in 1917, but was later renamed as Richmond Heights in 1918.

Geography
Richmond Heights is located at 41.55806°N, -81.50361°W (41.558183, -81.503651). Richmond Heights borders Euclid on the west, Lyndhurst and South Euclid on the south, Highland Heights on the east, and Willoughby Hills to the north.

Some popular developments include the Richmond Bluffs, near the Cuyahoga County Airport, off Richmond Road, the Rushmore Subdivision, off of Highland Road, and Richwood, south of the Richmond-Highland Roads intersection. The largest residential area in Richmond Heights is the Scottish Highlands, off of Highland Road. Many ranch-style homes are found throughout the area. Many apartments are also located in Richmond Heights. Some major complexes are located throughout the Loganberry section of Richmond Heights (between Brush Road and Chestnut Lane on Chardon Road, or Route 6).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.45 sqmi, of which 4.44 sqmi is land and 0.01 sqmi is water.

Demographics
82.7% spoke English, 4.8% Russian, 3.1% Spanish, 1.9% Slovene, 1.7% Italian, 1.2% Chinese, and 1.1% Croatian.

Of the city's population over the age of 25, 38.5% held a bachelor's degree or higher.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 10,546 people, 4,766 households, and 2,812 families living in the city. The population density was 2375.2 PD/sqmi. There were 5,370 housing units at an average density of 1209.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 48.5% White, 44.9% African American, 0.1% Native American, 4.3% Asian, 0.5% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.8% of the population.

There were 4,766 households, of which 23.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.6% were married couples living together, 14.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 41.0% were non-families. 36.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.17 and the average family size was 2.84.

The median age in the city was 46.1 years. 18.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22% were from 25 to 44; 31% were from 45 to 64; and 20.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 44.9% male and 55.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 10,944 people, 4,864 households, and 2,971 families living in the city. The population density was 2,504.4 PD/sqmi. There were 5,060 housing units at an average density of 1,157.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 68.98% White, 23.87% Black, 0.05% Native American, 4.74% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.65% from other races, and 1.67% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.58% of the population.

There were 4,864 households, out of which 24.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.7% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.9% were non-families. 33.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.85.

In the city the population was spread out, with 19.7% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 29.6% from 25 to 44, 25.3% from 45 to 64, and 17.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $43,625, and the median income for a family was $60,136. Males had a median income of $40,414 versus $30,537 for females. The per capita income for the city was $25,738. About 4.3% of families and 5.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.9% of those under age 18 and 2.7% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Richmond Heights has a local school district. Richmond Heights High School has a total enrollment of 335 students, with 58% of students of African American descent, 36% Caucasian, 3% Asian American, 2% multiracial, and 1% Hispanic. The mascot is the Spartans and the colors are stated officially as royal blue and white. As of recently, the Richmond Heights Schools had been struggling to pass levies on the school, thus leading to strike from teachers of the schools, demanding more pay, and loss of transportation, bands, and now a "pay-to-play" situation in all sports.

Richmond Heights recently did pass a levy in 2009 that will provide the school with more tax dollars from the city, thus bringing back possible transportation for the students.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Richmond Heights, Ohio


text:
Rocky River, Ohio

Rocky River is a city in western Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. A suburb of Cleveland, it is located along the shore of Lake Erie approximately 9 mi west of downtown Cleveland. The city is named for the Rocky River that forms its eastern border. The population was 21,755 according to the 2020 census data results.

Early history
In the summer of 1764, British Colonel John Bradstreet led a force of more than 2,000 regular soldiers, American volunteers and native Americans as part of an attack to stop Pontiac’s Rebellion, which ended before Bradstreet could attack. His mission was revised to retrieval of prisoners, exploration and peacemaking. As the host of 60 boats and nine canoes attempted to find shelter in an increasing storm on Lake Erie, waves overcame the fleet, ruining 25 boats and damaging many others. Bradstreet and his men came ashore in what is now Bradstreet’s Landing Park in Rocky River on 18 October 1764. After tarrying three days, the diminished force returned to Ft. Niagara enduring significant hardship on their voyage. Rumors to the contrary, only one life was lost in the endeavor.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.61 sqmi, of which 4.74 sqmi is land and 0.87 sqmi is water.

Most of Rocky River's eastern border follows the river bearing its name, which runs through the Rocky River Reservation of the Cleveland Metroparks system, adjacent to the city's eastern neighbor, Lakewood. A small strip of Cleveland itself also borders Rocky River; however, the two cities are not directly connected via road. Lake Erie lines the entire northern border of the city while the city of Fairview Park marks the southern border. On Rocky River's western border are the cities of Bay Village to the northwest and Westlake to the southwest.

2010 census
As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 20,213 people, 9,283 households, and 5,242 families residing in the city. The population density was 4264.3 PD/sqmi. There were 10,181 housing units at an average density of 2147.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 95.5% White, 1.0% African American, 0.1% Native American, 1.8% Asian, 0.4% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.8% of the population.

There were 9,283 households, of which 25.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.9% were married couples living together, 7.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.5% were non-families. 39.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.16 and the average family size was 2.95.

The median age in the city was 45.6 years. 21.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.5% were from 25 to 44; 28.5% were from 45 to 64; and 22.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.1% male and 53.9% female.

Of the city's population over the age of 25, 54.8% hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

91.8% spoke English, 1.9% Spanish, 1.4% Arabic, 1.2% Hungarian, 1.0% German, and 0.8% Greek.

2000 census
As of the 2000 United States Census, there were 20,735 people, 9,709 households, and 5,437 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,360.8 PD/sqmi. There were 10,166 housing units at an average density of 2,138.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.83% White, 0.41% African American, 0.07% Native American, 1.33% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.27% from other races, and 1.08% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.20% of the population.

There were 9,709 households, out of which 22.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.2% were married couples living together, 6.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.0% were non-families. 40.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.11 and the average family size was 2.90.

In the city the population was spread out, with 20.9% under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 25.9% from 25 to 44, 24.6% from 45 to 64, and 24.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 77.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $71,636, and the median income for a family was $94,361. Males had a median income of $62,727 versus $32,145 for females. The per capita income for the city was $34,663. About 1.5% of families and 2.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.3% of those under age 18 and 3.8% of those age 65 or over.

Government
Rocky River is in Ohio's 7th congressional district, represented by Republican Representative Max Miller, a resident of Rocky River.

Notable people
(B) denotes that the person was born there.
 * Kevin Barnes, front man and songwriter for the indie rock band of Montreal. (B)
 * Nina Blackwood, the first of the original five MTV VJs, graduated from Rocky River High School in 1970.
 * Clint Brown, pitcher for the Cleveland Indians and the Chicago White Sox, was a resident when he died in 1955.
 * Carter Camper, ice hockey player who made his NHL debut with the Boston Bruins.
 * G. William Domhoff, professor of sociology and psychology at UC Santa Cruz; attended Rocky River High School.
 * Anthony Gonzalez, former NFL wide receiver, served as a U.S. congressman representing Ohio's 16th congressional district from 2019-23
 * Chris Hovan, professional American football player for the St. Louis Rams (B)
 * Sammy Kaye, Big Band Era bandleader and songwriter, graduated from Rocky River High School in 1928.
 * Pat McCormick, comic actor and writer, grew up in Rocky River, and attended Rocky River High School.
 * Norm Michael, college football player, born in Rocky River. (B)
 * Max Miller, congressman from Ohio's 7th congressional district since 2023.
 * Milton C. Portmann, professional American football player. Decorated WWI US Army Officer. Resident when he died in 1967.
 * Martin Savidge, award-winning American television news correspondent for NBC News and CNN, graduated from Rocky River High School in 1976.
 * Michael Stanley, rock musician, graduated from Rocky River High School in 1966.
 * George Steinbrenner, businessman and one-time owner of the New York Yankees. (B)
 * Brian K. Vaughan, comic book and television writer.

title: Rocky River, Ohio


text:
Seven Hills, Ohio

Seven Hills is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. The population was 11,720 at the 2020 census.

Geography
Seven Hills is located at 41.38778°N, -81.67528°W (41.387703, -81.675350).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.92 sqmi, of which 4.91 sqmi is land and 0.01 sqmi is water.

History
Seven Hills was incorporated as a village in 1927, from the remaining unincorporated portion of Independence Township.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 11,804 people, 4,989 households, and 3,586 families living in the city. The population density was 2404.1 PD/sqmi. There were 5,167 housing units at an average density of 1052.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 95.6% White, 0.8% African American, 0.1% Native American, 2.5% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 0.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.3% of the population.

There were 4,989 households, of which 21.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.0% were married couples living together, 7.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 28.1% were non-families. 24.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.82.

The median age in the city was 50 years. 16.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 19.7% were from 25 to 44; 32% were from 45 to 64; and 26.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.7% male and 51.3% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 12,080 people, 4,787 households, and 3,757 families living in the city. The population density was 2,411.6 PD/sqmi. There were 4,883 housing units at an average density of 974.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 97.18% White, 0.15% African American, 0.02% Native American, 2.12% Asian, 0.11% from other races, and 0.42% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.76% of the population.

There were 4,787 households, out of which 22.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.2% were married couples living together, 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.5% were non-families. 19.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 2.89.

In the city the population was spread out, with 18.2% under the age of 18, 5.2% from 18 to 24, 23.4% from 25 to 44, 27.4% from 45 to 64, and 25.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $54,413, and the median income for a family was $62,520. Males had a median income of $44,500 versus $31,047 for females. The per capita income for the city was $25,014. About 2.0% of families and 2.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.0% of those under age 18 and 2.2% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Stephen "Suede" Baum, fashion designer and Project Runway contestant
 * Dana Brooke (Ashley Mae Sebera), professional wrestler
 * Andrew Carmellini, chef and restaurateur
 * John Demjanjuk, convicted Nazi collaborator
 * Joe Papp, professional cyclist
 * Jack Squirek, former professional football player
 * Julian Stanczak, painter and printmaker

title: Seven Hills, Ohio


text:
Shaker Heights, Ohio

Shaker Heights is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city's population was 29,439. Shaker Heights is an inner-ring streetcar suburb of Cleveland, abutting the eastern edge of the city's limits. It is a planned community developed by the Van Sweringen brothers, railroad moguls who envisioned the community as a suburban retreat from the industrial inner city of Cleveland.

In July 1911, a petition by property owners was successful in detaching a long strip of land from the south of Cleveland Heights, to be named Shaker Village. In November 1911, the voters of Shaker Village formed Shaker Heights Village, which was incorporated in January 1912.

History
Shaker Heights was established in 1909, and incorporated as a village in 1912. Shaker Heights is home to the oldest house in Cuyahoga County, built in 1817 by Moses Warren. The name "Shaker Heights" has origins in two local sources. The community was laid out on land formerly owned by the North Union Community of the United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing, more commonly known as Shakers. "Heights" refers to the plateau east of Cleveland that rises sharply in elevation from 582 feet above sea level at the base of the Cedar Glen Parkway rising to 950 feet above sea level in nearby Cleveland Heights; Shaker Heights' elevation is 1050 feet above sea level.

Ralph Russell established the North Union Shaker Settlement in 1822 with just over 80 individuals. Between 1826 and 1854, the group dammed Doan Brook, which made Upper and Lower Lake, and established three grist and a sawmills. The colony peaked around 1850 with about 300 settlers, faded away and was closed in 1889.

In 1905, the land was bought by brothers M.J. and O.P. Van Sweringen who envisioned the first garden styled suburb in Ohio for the site. The brothers constructed homes, set aside land for churches and schools, and planted trees. Originally referred to as Shaker Village, the community was incorporated in 1912 and reached city status in 1931.

Shaker Heights is known for its stringent building codes and zoning laws, which have helped to maintain the community's housing stock and identity throughout the years. Approximately seventy-five percent of the city of Shaker Heights is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Shaker Village Historic District.

Efforts toward integration began in the late 1950s with neighbors in the Ludlow Elementary School area working together to make integration successful. As a result, Shaker Heights avoided many of the problems created from practices such as blockbusting and white flight. In 1986, the city began a Fund for the Future of Shaker Heights, offering loans for down payments for residents buying homes in segregated neighborhoods, creating multi-ethnic neighborhoods. Today, the city maintains a housing assistance office that works with home buyers to achieve and maintain neighborhood integration.

Shaker Heights was a finalist for the All-America City Award in 1989.

Geography
Shaker Heights is located at 41.47639°N, -81.55167°W. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 6.32 sqmi, of which 6.28 sqmi is land and 0.04 sqmi is water.

Shaker Heights is roughly 1,050 feet (320 m) above sea level, and is located about 6 miles (10 km) inland from Lake Erie. Shaker Heights is drained by the Doan Brook watershed, and has several small artificial lakes: Horseshoe Lake, Green Lake, Lower Shaker Lake, and Marshall Lake. Horseshoe Lake and Lower Shaker Lake had been dammed by the Shakers, while developers added Green Lake and Marshall Lake, the latter named after drugstore chain owner W. A. Marshall, at a later point.

Shaker Heights is one of Greater Cleveland's older inner-ring or "first" suburbs, and borders Cleveland, Cleveland Heights, University Heights, Beachwood, Highland Hills, and Warrensville Heights. Shaker Heights is a member of the Northeast Ohio First Suburbs Consortium.

Neighborhoods
There are nine neighborhoods in Shaker Heights, all of which were named after the nine original elementary schools. These neighborhoods are:

 * Boulevard, located in northwest Shaker Heights, is near Cleveland's University Circle neighborhood, and borders Shaker Square. The Nature Center at Shaker Lakes is located in this neighborhood.
 * Fernway is located in the middle of Shaker Heights, north of Van Aken Boulevard, and south of Shaker Heights Country Club.
 * Lomond is located in the south-central part of the city.
 * Ludlow is the smallest neighborhood and is located in the western portion of the city. Half of the neighborhood lies in Shaker Heights, while the other half is in the Shaker Heights School district of Cleveland.
 * Malvern is mostly residential and is the location of Hathaway Brown School. The Hanna Perkins Center, a child development center, occupies the former Malvern school building.
 * Mercer, located in northeast Shaker Heights, is the largest neighborhood. The area is also home to Shaker Heights Middle School (previously Byron Junior High School), and the private schools University School and Laurel School. The Bertram Woods branch of the Shaker Heights Public Library is located here.
 * Moreland is located in southwest Shaker Heights. The former Moreland school building now houses the Shaker Heights Public Library Main Branch.
 * Onaway is home to Shaker Heights High School, and the former Woodbury Junior High School Building.
 * Sussex is located in southeast part of the city and is the location of the Tower East office building and post office.

Shaker Square is in the city of Cleveland, though a September 1912 agreement between Shaker Heights and Cleveland school districts places it in the Shaker Heights City School District.

Demographics
As of the 2010 census, there were 28,448 people, 11,840 households, and 7,716 families residing in the city. The population density was 4529.9 PD/sqmi. There were 13,318 housing units at an average density of 2120.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 55.0% White, 37.1% African American, 0.1% Native American, 4.6% Asian, 0.6% from other races, and 2.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.2% of the population.

There were 11,840 households, of which 34.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.8% were married couples living together, 15.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 34.8% were non-families. 31.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.03.

The median age in the city was 40.9 years. 26.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.1% were from 25 to 44; 29% were from 45 to 64; and 15.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 45.2% male and 54.8% female.

The median income for a household in the city was $76,476, and the median income for a family was $105,660. The per capita income for the city was $47,360. About 5.3% of families and 8.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.1% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over. The unemployment rate in the city is 5.4%, one of the lowest rates for individual cities included in data provided by the Ohio Department of Job and Family Services.

About 93.5% of residents speak English natively at home, while 1.6% speak Spanish, 1.2% speak French, 0.7% speak Chinese, and 3.0% speak another language, including German, Russian and Arabic.

Educationally, Shaker Heights is above the national, state, and local averages for residents who have attained a bachelor's, master's, or above a master's degree. As of the 2010 Census, 64.5% of the city's population over the age of 25 had obtained a college degree compared to 28.6% of the same population in Cuyahoga County, 24.1% statewide, and 27.9% nationally.

Government and politics
The Shaker Heights City Charter was adopted in 1931 and revised in 1974, 1986, and 1999. This charter provides for a mayor and seven members of a city council, elected on an at-large, non-partisan basis. The current mayor of Shaker Heights is David Weiss. He was elected in 2018 after serving briefly as interim mayor to fulfill the term of the previous three-term mayor Earl Leiken, who resigned to take the position of chief of staff with Cuyahoga County Executive Armond Budish. In 2019, David Weiss ran unopposed and was re-elected to a four-year term as mayor. Council members are elected to four-year terms, with four of the elections coinciding with mayoral elections and the other three two years later in order to stagger terms.

The Neo-Georgian city hall, designed by Charles Schneider, was built in 1930. Over the years it has hosted 12 Keys to the city ceremonies starting in 1935 to Oris Paxton Van Sweringen and ending in 1993 to Dean Yoder.

Shaker Heights is a stronghold of the Democratic Party, with Joe Biden winning nearly 90% of vote in the most recent Presidential election. Shaker Heights is entirely within the Eleventh Congressional District, a seat in the House of Representatives, represented by Shontel Brown (D). At the state level, Shaker Heights is located within the 21st senatorial district, represented by Kent Smith (D) in the Ohio Senate, and in the 22nd District of the Ohio House of Representatives, represented by Juanita Brent (D).

Education
Publicly, Shaker Heights is served by the Shaker Heights City School District, a K-12 district with an enrollment of about 5,600 students in eight total schools. There are five lower elementary schools, Fernway, Mercer, Boulevard, Lomond and Onaway; an upper elementary school, Woodbury Elementary School; Shaker Heights Middle School; and Shaker Heights High School. The district estimates that roughly 90% of Shaker graduates attend college, and has been recognized for its efforts to increase neighborhood integration. In the 1950s, the public school system was rated in the top ten nationally. According to the 2007-2008 State of Ohio Report Card, Shaker scored 97.1 out of a possible 120. The district is listed as "Effective," the third tier on a 6 tier scale. On the other hand, since 1995, 9-17% of seniors at Shaker Heights High School have been recipients of National Merit Scholarship awards, and in 2008, the high school had twice as many National Merit Scholarship winners as any other public school in the state. This can possibly be explained in a 2009 survey of the school, which said that Shaker Heights High School "is really two schools – one school with students in an outstanding Advanced Placement program and one school with students with academic needs."

Private schools in the city include Laurel School, Hathaway Brown School, and the lower campus of University School. There is also a parochial school in Shaker, St. Dominic School.

John Carroll University is partially located in Shaker Heights, with the university owning several residential and commercial properties in the city. Additionally, Shaker Heights is in proximity to University Circle, which is home to Case Western Reserve University, The Cleveland Institute of Art, and the Cleveland Institute of Music.

The Japanese Language School of Cleveland (クリーブランド日本語補習校), a weekend Japanese school, holds its classes at the Shaker Heights campus of the Laurel School.

Media
Shaker Heights is the city of license for CBS affiliate WOIO, channel 19, which has its studios and offices in Cleveland. Shaker Heights news appears in the Cleveland daily newspaper, The Plain Dealer, as well as The Shakerite, the Shaker Heights High School student newspaper. The Sun Press, a weekly, provides local coverage of Shaker Heights and neighboring Beachwood, Cleveland Heights, and University Heights.

Transportation
Two light rail lines of the GCRTA pass through and terminate in Shaker Heights. The Blue Line cuts through the median of Van Aken Boulevard, while the Green Line cuts through the median of Shaker Boulevard. The Blue and Green lines provide direct rail service to Cleveland, and are each the direct successors of former streetcar services established in 1920 and 1913 respectively. The city of Shaker Heights directly owned and operated these Shaker Heights Rapid Transit services between 1944 and 1975.

In popular culture
Shaker Heights is the hometown of How I Met Your Mother protagonist Ted Mosby (despite being attributed to Cleveland on occasion), Ward Cleaver from the TV series Leave it to Beaver, and the World Wrestling Federation's Beverly Brothers.

The city is the principal setting for Celeste Ng’s book Little Fires Everywhere, as well as its TV adaptation. Shaker Heights and its history are also the setting and a main plot point in No One's Home by D.M. Pulley.

title: Shaker Heights, Ohio


text:
Solon, Ohio

Solon is a city in southeastern Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. The population was 24,262 at the 2020 census. A suburb of Cleveland, it is part of the Cleveland metropolitan area.

History
In 1820, the first settlers arrived from Connecticut to live in part of the Connecticut Western Reserve. The township was named after Lorenzo Solon Bull, who was the son of Isaac Bull, one of the first settlers. Purportedly, the selection of young Lorenzo's middle name was due to its derivation from the "father of democracy", Solon, the lawmaker of Ancient Greece. The early settlers faced challenges common to pioneers, but in Solon, drainage and wetlands issues complicated settlement and agriculture. Overcoming these obstacles, Solon Township became an arable farming area, producing corn and wheat crops and supporting dairy farm] (including five cheese factories). By 1850, the population of Solon Township reached 1,034.

Because of nearby Cleveland's position as a national hub of the railroad industry, rail also contributed greatly to Solon's growth. In 1857, the Cleveland-Youngstown section of the Cleveland and Mahoning Railroad established a line running through Solon.

Laid out in a traditional New England plan, Solon, like many of the neighboring townships, established a public square in its town center. In conjunction with townships to the north, a north–south corridor was established through the town centers of Solon, Orange, and Mayfield townships (from south to north, respectively) and, accordingly, was named SOM Center Road (now Ohio 91). Solon Township included the current municipalities of the City of Solon and the villages of Bentleyville and Glenwillow. In 1927, Solon was incorporated as a village and later became a city in 1961, operated under the mayor-council form of government.

Solon was one of the first cities to use a comprehensive zoning plan and has been able to achieve a strong industrial base, while insulating its bedroom communities from industrial activities. Further, the city has primarily concentrated its commercial and retail districts in the town center, making them convenient to all residents. In addition to its planned use for corporate and residential areas, Solon has 687 acre of city parks and recreational area, 360 acre of Cleveland Metroparks (the South Chagrin Reservation) and three golf courses within its borders.

In 1991, the extension of a divided highway, US 422, was completed as an east–west corridor just north of its town center. US 422 enables easy access to many points throughout Northeast Ohio, providing a corridor extending from Cleveland through Solon and beyond Warren into Pennsylvania.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 20.49 sqmi, of which 20.36 sqmi is land and 0.13 sqmi is water.

Climate
Solon lies in a humid continental climate zone (Köppen Dfa) and has four distinct seasons, from hot summers to cold and snowy winters. The highest recorded temperature in the city was 101 F in 1918, and the lowest was -25 F in 1994.

Solon experiences relatively high precipitation (an average of 42.78 in annually) due to lake effect and its presence on the western end of the North American snowbelt.

Demographics
As of 2010, the median income for a household in the city was $96,965, and the median income for a family was $112,156. The per capita income for the city was $47,505. About 2.0% of families and 4.8% of the population were below the poverty line.

Of the city's population over age 25, 57.0% hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

In 2000, 90.8% spoke English, 1.9% Russian, 1.4% Chinese, 1.1% Spanish, and 0.8% German.

Solon has a large immigrant population. The success of Solon's public schools is cited as one reason for the diversity of its population.

Solon’s community is composed largely of religious families, with over a dozen churches and synagogues found within the city limits.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 23,348 people, 8,352 households, and 6,769 families residing in the city. The population density was 1146.8 PD/sqmi. There were 8,765 housing units at an average density of 430.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 77.5% White, 10.6% African American, 0.1% Native American, 10.0% Asian, 0.4% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.5% of the population.

There were 8,352 households, of which 41.5% had children under age 18 living with them, 68.7% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 19.0% were non-families. 16.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.78 and the average family size was 3.13.

The median age in the city was 43.1 years. 27.8% of residents were under 18; 5.2% were between 18 and 24; 20.3% were from 25 to 44; 34.3% were from 45 to 64; and 12.4% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.7% male and 51.3% female.

Economy
In 1929, the Bready Cultimotor tractor company became the first industrial company to locate in Solon. Since then, Solon has served as home to many multinational companies, including several global and North American headquarters. Although Solon is a suburb of Cleveland, it has an employment base sufficient to support its residential population and thus should not be considered a bedroom community.

Today, according to city government authorities, Solon has major clusters of businesses in five manufacturing industries: electronic and electrical equipment, industrial and commercial machinery, measuring and controlling devices and instruments, chemicals and allied products, and fabricated metal products. Over 8,000, or 75%, of Solon's 10,700 manufacturing jobs are concentrated in these five sectors.

Major employers include: Nestlé (headquarters of Stouffer Foods), Swagelok, Pentair, Signature of Solon Country Club, Keithley Instruments and Arrow Electronics. There is a branch of the Cleveland Clinic here as well.

The Robbins Company, a leading international manufacturer of tunnel boring machines founded in 1952, is headquartered in Solon. Robbins employs over 150 individuals in the city and has produced a number of industry innovations.

Top employers
According to Solon's 2017 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are:

Performing arts
The Solon Center for the Arts offers classes in art, music, dance, and theater. The center holds a program for seniors entitled "Act II: Aging Creatively through the Arts," for those over 55 interested in theater or music.

The city is also home to the Solon Philharmonic Orchestra, and hosts an annual Young Artists Concerto Competition.

Historical society
Established in 1968 in the old Disciple Church, the Solon Historical Society maintains a museum with artifacts from the 1800s through the 1900s, many of which serve as memorials to the city founders. Many pieces in the museum include antique household and kitchen items, antique furniture, Solon Springs soda bottles, antique children's toys, school desks from the old school house, and many others. The museum is opened the second Sunday of every month.

Solon City Schools
The majority of students from Solon and the neighboring village of Glenwillow are educated through the Solon City School District. The district has been consistently ranked as a top 10 school district in the state of Ohio, as well as receiving praise from publications such as Newsweek, and U.S. News & World Report. Solon Schools have also received honors such as the Red Quill and Red Quill Legacy awards for multiple years in a row from the ACT organization. Solon Schools have also received the National Blue Ribbon School recognition, considered to be one of the highest honors for American schools, many times over the past few decades. In 2017, Niche.com ranked the school district the best in the United States. Solon High School educates approximately 1,600–1,700 students per school year, Solon Middle School and Orchard Middle School educate 700–900 students per school year each, and each elementary school educates 400–600 students per year, putting the district enrollment at approximately 4,700–5,000 students per school year.

The district contains six schools serving grades K–12 and one preschool:
 * Solon High School (9–12)
 * Solon Middle School (7–8)
 * Orchard Middle School (5–6)
 * Lewis Elementary School (K–4)
 * Parkside Elementary School (K–4)
 * Roxbury Elementary School (K–4)
 * Joseph V. Regano Early Learning Center (Preschool)

The former Arthur Road Elementary School, which closed following the 2015–2016 school year, served as a public preschool and administrative building before being demolished in 2022.

Private schools
St. Rita School is a private Catholic religious institution, associated with the St. Rita Roman Catholic Parish Church in Solon. The school offers preschool, elementary, upper elementary, and middle school programs. St. Rita School has also received National Blue Ribbon School designation from the United States government.

Solon is home to the Montessori school of Solon.

Police department
As of 2014, the Solon Police Department consisted of 46 officers, 14 dispatchers, 16 correction officers, eight office staff, one animal warden, 19 auxiliary police, and six school guards.

Notable people

 * Steve Dettelbach (born 1965), current director of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms, former U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of Ohio
 * Michael Lerner (1941-2023), actor
 * Georgia T. Robertson (1852–1916), educator and author
 * Phil Robinson (born 1980), state representative from Ohio's 19th district
 * Evelyn Svec Ward (1921–1989), American fiber artist
 * Elizabeth Lowe Watson (1842–1927), lecturer; religious and suffrage leader

title: Solon, Ohio


text:
South Euclid, Ohio

South Euclid is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. It is an inner-ring suburb of Cleveland located on the city's east side. As of the 2020 census, the population was 21,883.

History
The land currently comprising South Euclid was part of the Western Reserve, obtained via treaty with the Iroquois confederation in 1796 by the Connecticut Land Company. In 1797, Moses Cleaveland named the area east of the Cuyahoga River Euclid, after the Greek mathematician and "patron saint" of surveyors. Euclid Township was officially formed in 1809. In 1828, Euclid Township was divided into nine districts, with South Euclid becoming district two.

The earliest industry was farming. But, by the 1860s, quarrying of the area's rich Bluestone deposits replaced agriculture as the town's economic mainstay. Two separate locations – one along Nine Mile Creek near present-day Quarry Park at South Belvoir and Monticello Boulevards, and the other along what is today part of the Euclid Creek reservation – were consolidated by Forest City Stone Company in the 1870s, creating one of the region's largest producers of the stone. By the end of the 19th century, the northern section of the town had become known as Bluestone village.

Residents of South Euclid eventually wanted autonomy from the larger Euclid Township, and voted on October 13, 1917, to be incorporated as a village, with Edward C. Foote being elected the first mayor a few weeks on November 6. At the same time, with the decline of the Bluestone industry brought on by improvements to poured concrete, Bluestone village was absorbed into South Euclid.

South Euclid's rapid economic and population growth continued in the early decades of the 20th century, partly driven by industry in nearby Cleveland. Due in part to funding by the WPA, which helped keep people employed through the Great Depression, the village continued to grow and was officially incorporated as a city in 1941.

Population growth, which tapered during the Depression era, skyrocketed during the postwar period, driven by both the baby boom and white flight from the urban center of Cleveland. South Euclid's population peaked in the early 1970s. By 1980, lacking large tracts of available land for development, and with a population shift to exurban communities, the population of South Euclid began to shrink.

Geography
Acting approximately as a central point for the east side of the Greater Cleveland area, South Euclid is bordered by Cleveland, Cleveland Heights, University Heights, Beachwood, Lyndhurst, Richmond Heights, and Euclid.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.65 sqmi, all of it land.

Demographics
Like Cleveland Heights to the west and University Heights to the south, South Euclid is racially integrated. A large portion of the city's population consists of African-Americans, Italian-Americans, Jews, and immigrants from Russia and other former Soviet republics.

2010 census
According to the 2010 Census, 89.9% of South Euclid's residents spoke English, 3.2% Russian, 1.7% Spanish, 1.2% Italian, and 1.0% Yiddish as their first language.

The median income for a household in the city was $59,423, and the median income for a family was $72,340. The per capita income for the city was $27,343. About 6.7% of families and 9.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.1% of those under age 18 and 6.9% of those age 65 or over.

Of the city's population over the age of 25, 37.9% hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

As of the census of 2010, there were 22,295 people, 8,913 households, and 5,791 families residing in the city. The population density was 4794.6 PD/sqmi. There were 9,607 housing units at an average density of 2066.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 54.1% White, 40.7% African American, 0.1% Native American, 2.0% Asian, 0.7% from other races, and 2.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.0% of the population.

There were 8,913 households, of which 32.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.9% were married couples living together, 19.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 35.0% were non-families. 29.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 3.04.

The median age in the city was 37.9 years. 24% of residents were under the age of 18; 10% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.2% were from 25 to 44; 27.7% were from 45 to 64; and 12.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 45.6% male and 54.4% female.

Culture
The historic William E. Telling mansion, which is on the National Register of Historic Places. served as home to the South Euclid-Lyndhurst branch of the nationally renowned Cuyahoga County Public Library system. A wing of this same building, which once served as the gardener's quarters, houses the South Euclid - Lyndhurst Historical Society. In 2012, the CCPL announced plans to sell the Telling mansion and move the Library to a new facility at 1876 South Green Road. In September, 2013, the Library board voted to sell the Mansion to Cleveland investor Richard A. Barone. The mansion now houses the Museum of American Porcelain Art.

Parks and recreation
There are four city-owned public parks: Quarry (divided by Monticello Boulevard into distinct North and South sections), Victory, Bexley, and Oakwood.

Quarry has a splash/sprinkle park, Victory sand volleyball courts, and Bexley a swimming pool. Quarry, Victory, and Bexley have playground equipment, and all four parks permit picnicking (although grilling facilities only remain at Bexley's pavilion and at Quarry North). Quarry and Bexley both have baseball diamonds utilized by the city's public baseball and softball leagues. Quarry Park North features a fenced off dog park, where canines can play unleashed, with a separate section for smaller dogs.

The southern portion of the Euclid Creek reservation of the Cleveland Metroparks is located in South Euclid. Nearby, the South Euclid War Memorial lists the names of those who died while serving in wartime.

South Euclid has partnered with nearby Lyndhurst to form several recreational groups, including clubs for soccer, youth football, youth softball and baseball, and basketball.

South Euclid ranked 10th out of the 114 largest cities in Ohio in terms of walkability.

Education
The South Euclid-Lyndhurst City School District consists of three elementary schools, one upper elementary school, one junior high school and Charles F. Brush High School. The city was formerly home to Regina High School from 1954 to 2010. The building was purchased by nearby Notre Dame College. A small portion of South Euclid is located within the Cleveland Heights-University Heights City School District.

There is one parochial elementary school, one Catholic college preparatory school, and one college located in South Euclid: St. John's, a Lutheran school located on Mayfield Road which opened in the mid-1850s; The Lyceum, a Catholic coeducational, college preparatory school offering a classical curriculum for grades seven through twelve; and Notre Dame College, a Roman Catholic college located on Green Road, north of Cedar. Notre Dame was established in 1922 as an all-female institution. After 79 years, the college became coed in January 2001. In addition to their brick and mortar school, Notre Dame College offers online degree programs through the school's online campus.

The Japanese Language School of Cleveland (JLSC; クリーブランド日本語補習校 Kurīburando Nihongo Hoshūkō), a weekend Japanese supplementary school for Japanese nationals and Japanese Americans, previously held its classes in Regina High School.

Notable people

 * Steve Stone, broadcaster, former MLB All-Star pitcher and 1980 American League Cy Young Award winner
 * David S. Ward, screenwriter and director most famous for The Sting (1973), Major League (1989) and Sleepless in Seattle (1993)
 * Carl E. Walz, retired NASA astronaut

title: South Euclid, Ohio


text:
Strongsville, Ohio

Strongsville is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States, and a suburb of Cleveland. As of the 2020 census, its population was 46,491.

The city's nickname, Crossroads of the Nation, originated from the intersection between the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and Southwestern Electric Line that connected Cleveland and Wooster, Ohio. As the railroad line ceased operation in 1931, the motto and city seal have been adapted to reflect the modern-day intersection of Interstate 71 and the Ohio Turnpike.

History
Strongsville officially became a township on February 25, 1818, a village in 1923, and was ultimately designated a city in 1961. Founded by settlers arriving in the newly purchased Connecticut Western Reserve, the city was named after John Stoughton Strong, the group's leader. Many of the main streets in the city are named after other principal figures and landowners from the city's history, e.g. Howe, Drake, Shurmer, and Whitney.

In the mid-19th century, the Pomeroy House, then called The Homestead, was a stop on the Underground Railroad. Alanson Pomeroy, the homeowner and a prominent Strongsville resident, concealed runaway slaves on his property. From this residence in Strongsville, the runaway slaves were taken to boats on the Rocky River for passage to Canada.

In 1853, John D. Rockefeller's family moved to Strongsville. At the time, Rockefeller was only a child.

On April 11, 1965, an F4 tornado hit Strongsville; it was part of the 1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak.

Geography
Strongsville is located at 41.31278°N, -81.83194°W (41.312752, -81.831976).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 24.64 sqmi, of which 0.01 sqmi is covered by water. The east branch of the Rocky River enters Strongsville from North Royalton and exits into Berea. Valley Parkway parallels the river's northwesterly course. This portion of the Cleveland Metroparks, named Mill Stream Run, includes Bonnie Park and Ranger Lake. Abutting the Rocky River, the recreation area offers visitors a pavilion, picnicking facilities, two small ponds, and several sport fields. Bonnie Park serves as a hub for hiking, bridle, and paved multipurpose trails.

Demographics
The median income for a household in the city was $68,660, and the median income for a family was $76,964 (these figures had risen to $79,715 and $90,870 respectively as of a 2007 estimate). Males had a median income of $54,988 versus $33,129 for females. The per capita income for the city was $29,722. About 1.3% of families and 2.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.7% of those under age 18 and 3.7% of those age 65 or over.

Of the city's population over the age of 25, 41.6% held a bachelor's degree or higher.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 44,750 people, 17,659 households, and 12,563 families living in the city. The population density was 1816.9 PD/sqmi. There were 18,476 housing units at an average density of 750.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 92.0% White, 1.9% African American, 0.1% Native American, 4.1% Asian, 0.4% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.0% of the population.

There were 17,659 households, of which 31.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.5% were married couples living together, 7.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 28.9% were non-families. 24.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.04.

The median age in the city was 44.2 years. 23.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.6% were from 25 to 44; 32.5% were from 45 to 64; and 16.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.6% male and 51.4% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 43,858 people, 16,209 households, and 12,383 families living in the city. The population density was 1,779.6 PD/sqmi. There were 16,863 housing units at an average density of 684.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 94.18% White, 1.26% African American, 0.05% Native American, 3.21% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.28% from other races, and 1.03% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.27% of the population.

There were 16,209 households, out of which 35.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.5% were married couples living together, 6.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.6% were non-families. 19.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family size was 3.13.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.3% under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 27.6% from 45 to 64, and 11.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.3 males.

Government
The current mayor, Thomas Perciak, was elected in November 2003 following the death of longtime mayor Walter F. Ehrnfelt on May 25, 2003.

Education
Strongsville High School serves students in grades 9 through 12. The city's five elementary schools serve pre-kindergarten through 5th grade: Chapman, Kinsner, Muraski, Surrarrer, and Whitney. With Strongsville's younger student population on the decline, three elementary schools, Allen, Drake and Zellers, closed their doors in recent years. A private Catholic school, St. Joseph and John's, serves children through the 8th grade. In 2012, citizens approved a bond issue for $81 million. The bond money was used to build a new middle school, combining the old Center and Albion middle schools, renovations to the high school, technology upgrades to the elementary schools, and renovations to the preschool. The new middle school was built just in time for the 2016–2017 school year.

2013 Strongsville City Teachers' Strike
The Strongsville City Teachers' Strike was a labor strike organized by the Strongsville Education Association that lasted for eight weeks.

The strike commenced at 12:01 a.m. on March 4, 2013. The dispute is over a number of issues, notably teacher contracts, pay step increases, health insurance premium costs, and general working conditions. The Strongsville Education Association claims the Board does have the money to meet the teachers' salary requirements, but that "the 'projection' figures released by the Board on its website are no more than arbitrary, meaningless figures." The Strongsville Board of Education attests that the district is currently "operating in the red", meaning the district budget deficit will increase drastically if the status quo remains. Several rounds of negotiations over said issues between the S.E.A. and the B.O.E. have taken place since March 2010. The strike ended after eight weeks.

Transportation
The Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority provides bus service in the city.

Places of Interest

 * Beebetown - Historic neighborhood
 * Gardenview Horticultural Park
 * OBM Arena - Strongsville ice rink
 * Mill Stream Run Reservation - The east branch of the Rocky River runs alongside this branch of the Cleveland Metroparks
 * The Pomeroy House- A former stop on the Underground Railroad
 * Preserve of Strongsville - Strongsville's only national preserve
 * Southpark Mall
 * Strongsville Business & Technology Park - The largest industrial park in Northeast Ohio
 * Strongsville Commons and Clock Tower
 * Strongsville Historical Society
 * Strongsville Water Tower - Previously painted by Ziggy creator Tom Wilson. In 2019, the white water tower was repainted green and the Ziggy figure covered.
 * Walter F. Ehrnfelt Covered Bridge

Notable people

 * Zebedee Coltrin (1804–1887) Mormon pioneer, authority in Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints
 * Tom Dimitroff Sr. (1935-1996) gridiron football player and coach
 * Bruce Drennan (1950-) sportscaster
 * Walter F. Ehrnfelt (1932-2003) politician
 * Asmahan Farhat (1990-) swimmer
 * Jenny Fish (1949-) Olympic speed skater
 * Nate Freese football player
 * Morris E. Gallup (1825–1893), member of the Ohio House of Representatives
 * Jackie Gayda (1981-) professional wrestler
 * Olga D. González-Sanabria scientist, inventor
 * Michael Green (1989-) soccer player
 * Joe Haden football player
 * Paul Hoernemann (1916-1965) college football coach
 * Mark Hunter photographer and lead singer of Chimaira
 * Tim Kamczyc (1990-) basketball player
 * Drew Kaser, NFL punter
 * Reggie Lee (1974-) actor
 * Fred McLeod (1952-2019) sportscaster
 * Dayton Miller (1866–1941) physicist, astronomer, acoustician
 * Lorin Morgan-Richards (1975-) author and illustrator, primarily of children's literature (Beebetown, Ohio)
 * Tom Patton politician
 * Kyle Prandi (1979-) Olympic diver
 * Mike Pruitt football player
 * John D. Rockefeller (1839-1937) businessman, philanthropist
 * William Rockefeller (1841–1922) businessman, financier, co-founder of Standard Oil
 * George Myron Sabin (1833-1890) federal judge
 * Isaac Sowells (1982-) football player
 * Herb Stein (1898-1980) football player
 * Gary Suhadolnik politician
 * Frances L. Swift (1837-1916), church and temperance leader
 * Daniel Martin Varisco (1951-) anthropologist, historian
 * Kyle Veris (1983-) soccer player
 * Matt Warburton television writer
 * Aaron White (1992-) professional basketball player
 * D. J. Woods (1989-) AFL football player

title: Strongsville, Ohio


text:
University Heights, Ohio

University Heights is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. The population was 13,914 as of the 2020 Census. Located 8 mi from downtown Cleveland, it is a suburb of the Cleveland metropolitan area.

University Heights is closely tied to neighboring Cleveland Heights, with the two sharing a school system, library system, post office and ZIP Code, some city services, and local media outlets. With about half the population under the age of 30, University Heights is home to one of the youngest communities in the region, including both students and families. It borders Beachwood to the east, Cleveland Heights to the west, South Euclid to the north and Shaker Heights to the south.

History
Originally part of the Warrensville Township, University Heights was incorporated as Idlewood Village in 1908. It adopted its present name in the mid-1920s, when John Carroll University was anticipated to move into the area. John Carroll attracted massive growth and University Heights soon became recognized as a city in 1940.

Geography
University Heights is located at 41.495°N, -81.53694°W (41.495019, −81.536864). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.82 sqmi, all land.

Both branches of Dugway Brook rise in University Heights, on or near the campus of John Carroll University. All of the brook within the city was culverted in the early 20th century and now flows under the pavement. Meadowbrook Boulevard traces the winding course of the upper west branch.

Demographics
The median income for a household in the city was $72,519, and the median income for a family was $88,892. The per capita income for the city was $30,081. About 6.2% of the total population were below the poverty line. Of the city's population over the age of 25, 67.0% hold a bachelor's degree or higher, and 90.2% spoke English, 2.1% Spanish, 4.2% Yiddish, 1.8% Hebrew, and 1.7% Russian at home.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 13,539 people, 4,810 households, and 3,011 families residing in the city. The population density was 7439.0 PD/sqmi. There were 5,248 housing units at an average density of 2883.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 71.8% White, 23.1% African American, 0.1% Native American, 2.4% Asian, 0.9% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 2.8% of the population.

There were 4,810 households, of which 31.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.9% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.4% were non-families. Of all households, 29.1% were made up of individuals, and 10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.11.

The median age in the city was 30.7 years. 22.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 19.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.8% were from 25 to 44; 20.1% were from 45 to 64; and 11.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.7% male and 52.3% female.

2000 census
In 2000, there were 5,163 households, out of which 29.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.9% were married couples living together, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.7% were non-families. Of all households 29.9% were made up of individuals, and 11.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 20.8% under the age of 18, 18.9% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 19.1% from 45 to 64, and 13.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.2 males.

Government
University Heights has had a strong mayor-council government since 1941.

The city's mayors have been:

 * 1) A. R Silsby                   1907–1910 (first mayor of Idlewood)
 * 2) Michael Scheinder             1910–1913
 * 3) Oscar F. Alexander            1914
 * 4) A. R Silsby                   1914–1915
 * 5) John J. Howard                1916-1941
 * 6) Earl E. Aurelius              1941–1965
 * 7) Irving W. Konigsberg          1966–1977
 * 8) Beryl E. Rothschild           1978–2009 (first female and longest-serving mayor)
 * 9) Susan K. Infeld               2010–2017
 * 10) Michael Dylan Brennan         2018–

Education
Public education in the city of University Heights is provided by the Cleveland Heights-University Heights City School District. Located in University Heights are Gearity Early Childhood Center, Cleveland Heights High School and Gearity Professional Development School. Further private schools include Gesu Catholic School and the Bellefaire JCB, which provides preschool programs, childcare, counseling and education for children.

University Heights is home to John Carroll University, a private Jesuit university with an enrollment of approximately 3,500 students.

title: University Heights, Ohio


text:
Valley View, Ohio

Valley View is a village in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. The population was 1,897 at the 2020 census. A suburb of Cleveland, it is a part of the Cleveland metropolitan area.

Valley View's name refers to the Cuyahoga River valley, and the town includes part of the Cuyahoga Valley National Park and the Ohio and Erie Canal. It is home to the Valley View Bridge that is on Interstate 480 and crosses the Cuyahoga River.

History
Valley View was incorporated as a village in 1919 after it broke away from Independence, Ohio, after an argument over the location of the schools.

In 2013, a scandal involving the laundering of campaign funding resulted in resignation of Mayor Randall Westfall. In 2014, he was sentenced to eighteen months probation and thirty days in jail after pleading guilty to corruption charges.

Geography
Valley View is located at 41.38528°N, -81.61778°W (41.385153, -81.617670).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 5.57 sqmi, of which 5.44 sqmi is land and 0.13 sqmi is water.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 2,034 people, 758 households, and 583 families living in the village. The population density was 373.9 PD/sqmi. There were 790 housing units at an average density of 145.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 96.9% White, 0.2% African American, 0.9% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.4% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.3% of the population.

There were 758 households, of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.6% were married couples living together, 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 23.1% were non-families. 19.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.09.

The median age in the village was 47.3 years. 21.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 18.8% were from 25 to 44; 37.1% were from 45 to 64; and 16.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 50.6% male and 49.4% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,179 people, 779 households, and 634 families living in the village. The population density was 386.9 PD/sqmi. There were 794 housing units at an average density of 141.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.26% White, 0.32% African American, 0.05% Native American, 0.69% Asian, 0.37% from other races, and 0.32% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.50% of the population.

There were 779 households, out of which 34.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 70.9% were married couples living together, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.6% were non-families. 16.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.80 and the average family size was 3.16.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.0% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 23.8% from 25 to 44, 30.7% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $64,063, and the median income for a family was $71,080. Males had a median income of $50,521 versus $32,589 for females. The per capita income for the village was $26,560. About 2.8% of families and 3.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.3% of those under age 18 and 3.3% of those age 65 or over.

Notable person
Vanessa Dobos - First female aerial gunner in United States Air Force history.

title: Valley View, Ohio


text:
Antoni Kępiński

Antoni Ignacy Tadeusz Kępiński (16 November 1918 – 8 June 1972) was a Polish psychiatrist and philosopher. In his youth he was influenced by Carl Jung's approach. He is known as the originator of concepts like information metabolism (IM) and axiological psychiatry.

Biography
Kępiński was born in Dolina, which at that time was part of Poland (now southwestern Ukraine). During the childhood years, he resided in Nowy Sącz where his father held the position of starosta. He attended the élite Bartłomiej Nowodworski High School in Kraków. In 1936, Kępiński entered the Medical Faculty of the Jagiellonian University. In 1939, he interrupted his studies before graduation and volunteered for the Polish Army to defend his country from the impending Invasion of Poland. After the simultaneous Invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, Kępiński was captured and imprisoned in Hungary, to where he had fled. In 1940, he managed to escape imprisonment and headed to France, then Spain, where he was imprisoned in Miranda del Ebro.

Later he was freed and moved to the United Kingdom, spending a short time with the Polish Air Force in Great Britain. In 1944–1945, he continued his medical studies at University of Edinburgh's Polish School of Medicine, graduating in 1946. He then returned to Poland and took up psychiatry at the Psychiatric Clinic in the Collegium Medicum of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków. Shortly before his death in 1972 he was appointed professor in the faculty.

As a concentration camp inmate himself, Kępiński took part in a rehabilitation programme for survivors from the Auschwitz concentration camp.

Auschwitz syndrome
Due to his involvement, in the 1950s, in the rehabilitation programme for former concentration camp inmates, Kępiński may be regarded as the pioneer of the PTSD research. The idea of such research originated in the mind of Kępiński's colleague Stanisław Kłodziński. Together with fellow researchers from the Psychiatric Clinic of the Medical Academy in Cracow they examined large number of Auschwitz-Birkenau survivors and mapped out the clinical picture of the concentration camp syndrome which they called the KZ-Syndrome. As noted by psychiatrist Krzysztof Rutkowski, the same syndrome was later investigated in other countries (for example in the United States after the Vietnam War in the 1970s), and is currently known as the post-traumatic stress disorder.

The specificity of psychiatric examination
Co-workers and biographers of Kępiński emphasize that the key characteristic of his professional activity was his unique approach to the patient, inspired by the philosophy of dialogue. Part of his writings is devoted to peculiarities and subtleties of the psychiatric examination. In his view, diagnosis and therapy should not be based solely on logical analysis, as the inclusion of the emotional dimension is indispensable in psychology. Therefore, the therapist should form an emotional relationship with the patient, based on empathy and trust. The hierarchy in such relationship should be more or less horizontal, as both parties can learn a lot from each other. The general attitude of the therapist should encourage the patient to share experiences, feelings and thoughts without the fear of being judged. In such way, the doctor obtains the chance to better understand the structure and beauty of the inner world of the patient and to establish an appropriate base for the diagnosis. Wearing masks, assuming the position of superiority and being inauthentic during the therapeutic interaction are the most significant mistakes made by therapists.

Axiological psychiatry
In philosophy, axiology is the theory of value. According to Kępiński, the problem of value is of the greatest importance in psychiatry. It has two dimensions. Firstly, there are certain ethical values which should guide the doctors in their medical practice. Secondly, the therapeutic process in psychiatry should lead to reorganization or rebuilding of the hierarchy of values in the patient.

Kępiński's bioethics were derived directly from The Hippocratic Oath. He restated the widely held view, that the main goal of the psychiatrist is to bring relief to patients. Being a physician is a type of mission or calling rather than an ordinary paid occupation. A key value to be upheld is hope. Without it, the actions undertaken by the doctors can become meaningless. Moreover, patients can sometimes recognise perplexity in the face of their physician. Hence whether improvement is realistic should always guide the medical profession.

Another axiological theme in Kępiński's psychiatry was his view on the nature of psychoses, especially schizophrenia. According to that view, psychosis may be seen as distortions of the hierarchy of values which is one of the key aspects of the information metabolism process occurring in the organism of the patient. He contended that therapeutic work could lead to the formation of a healthy hierarchy of values, allowing the patient to interact with reality in a more balanced manner. His axiological take on psychopathology was seen as something unique and new in Polish psychiatry. It opened the way for new directions of research, such that some reviewers recognised Kępiński's works as the foundation for a new branch of psychiatry.

Information metabolism
Information metabolism is a psychological theory of interaction between biological organisms and their environment based on information processing. The most detailed description of information metabolism concept was given by Kępiński in his book Melancholy (1974). In this model, the living organism is considered an open system as understood by von Bertalanffy. Living beings are characterized by ability to increase and maintain their own negentropy - an idea popularized in Schrödinger's book What is life?. This ability makes the difference between them and inanimate objects which obey the increase of entropy principle. The body retains the same basic structure, although its building elements (molecules) are replaced quite frequently in anabolic and catabolic processes. The energy derived from food and oxygen is spent on securing the integrity of the organism. To refer to anabolic and catabolic processes in cells Kępiński used the term "energy metabolism". Any activity of an organism is an informational sign to other beings. Activities in the physical realm are reactions to changes perceived in the external or internal reality of the organism. Bearing that in mind, the psyche can be seen as the information-processing unit. As emphasized by Kępiński, psychological structure of an individual remains relatively stable despite an ongoing exchange of information, analogically to the physical structure subject to energy metabolism. In his books, Kępiński explained various mental conditions as disorders and imbalances of the information metabolism in general and its inherent value structure in particular. During his life, Kępiński mentioned that his model of information metabolism is not complete. The work upon it was interrupted by his illness and death.

Kępiński as philosopher
As a young medic, Kępiński was drawn to the works of Carl Jung and subjected the more "mystical" aspects to a critique which inspired him to launch on his own clinical and philosophical quest. Despite being essentially of a scientific turn of mind, Kępiński's works invoked great interest among Polish philosophers, most notably Józef Tischner, who greatly appreciated his anthropological insights. Kępiński was not afraid of hypothesizing about the most difficult philosophical problems such as the nature of life, the problem of free will, consciousness and human autonomy. On the other hand, he was skeptical about methods and theories which lacked a sufficiently solid scientific basis, e.g. psychoanalysis, and rejected various forms of what he dismissed as "magical thinking" in psychology. Kępiński argued that human ethics are not socially-constructed but rooted in biology and their prerequisites can be found in the animal world. He strongly rejected every form of ideology and extensively commented on the destructive impact of ideologies on human history. Tischner emphasized that many interesting ideas found in Kępiński's works are taken from other thinkers. He recognized information metabolism and axiological psychiatry as two truly original ideas of Kępiński. Kępiński's disciple - psychiatrist Jacek Bomba - noted that the greatest value of his information metabolism theory is its quality of being an accurate and comprehensive synthesis of knowledge from neurophysiology, psychology, social science and medicine.

Kępiński maintained a good relationship with phenomenologist, Roman Ingarden, a prominent disciple of Edmund Husserl. The influence of phenomenology is apparent in his approach to human psychology. It may be regarded as his second favorite analytical tool, next to the scientific approach.

title: Antoni Kępiński


text:
Walton Hills, Ohio

Walton Hills is a village in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. The population was 2,033 at the 2020 census. A suburb of Cleveland, it is a part of the Cleveland metropolitan area.

Geography
Walton Hills is located at 41.36417°N, -81.55444°W (41.364304, -81.554377).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 6.81 sqmi, of which 6.76 sqmi is land and 0.05 sqmi is water.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 2,281 people, 937 households, and 681 families living in the village. The population density was 337.4 PD/sqmi. There were 969 housing units at an average density of 143.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 90.7% White, 8.1% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.3% Asian, and 0.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.7% of the population.

There were 937 households, of which 16.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.1% were married couples living together, 6.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 27.3% were non-families. 23.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.65.

The median age in the village was 55.4 years. 11.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 13.2% were from 25 to 44; 40.1% were from 45 to 64; and 30.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 47.8% male and 52.2% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,400 people, 903 households, and 720 families living in the village. The population density was 349.0 PD/sqmi. There were 919 housing units at an average density of 133.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 96.46% White, 2.08% African American, 0.50% Asian, 0.08% from other races, and 0.88% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.92% of the population.

There were 903 households, out of which 21.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.9% were married couples living together, 7.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.2% were non-families. 16.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 2.85.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 17.0% under the age of 18, 5.8% from 18 to 24, 21.7% from 25 to 44, 29.0% from 45 to 64, and 26.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females there were 91.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.3 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $62,321, and the median income for a family was $67,537. Males had a median income of $41,900 versus $27,841 for females. The per capita income for the village was $26,405. About 1.1% of families and 2.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.6% of those under age 18 and 3.4% of those age 65 or over.

title: Walton Hills, Ohio


text:
Warrensville Heights, Ohio

Warrensville Heights is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. It is an eastern suburb of Cleveland. The population was 13,789 at the 2020 census.

Geography
Warrensville Heights is located at 41.43861°N, -81.52333°W (41.438653, -81.523262).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.14 sqmi, of which 4.13 sqmi is land and 0.01 sqmi is water.

Demographics
According to the 2021 American Community Survey, Warrensville Heights has the largest percentage of Black residents of all cities and villages in Ohio, with 92.8% identifying as Black or African-American.

2010 census
As of the 2010 United States Census of 2010, there were 13,542 people, 6,043 households, and 3,696 families living in the city. The population density was 3278.9 PD/sqmi. There were 6,743 housing units at an average density of 1632.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 3.6% White, 93.5% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.4% from other races and 2.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 1.4% of the population.

There were 6,043 households, of which 31.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 24.5% were married couples living together, 31.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.8% were non-families. 35.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.84.

The median age in the city was 39.2 years. 24.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.1% were from 25 to 44; 26.3% were from 45 to 64; and 17.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 42.7% male and 57.3% female.

2000 census
As of the 2000 United States Census of 2000, there were 15,109 people, 6,325 households, and 4,048 families living in the city. The population density was 3,661.4 PD/sqmi. There were 6,741 housing units at an average density of 1,633.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 10.57% White or European American, 90.41% African American, 0.17% Native American, 0.91% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.32% from other races and 1.58% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 0.75% of the population.

There were 6,325 households, out of which 28.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 32.2% were married couples living together, 27.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.0% were non-families. 32.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.6% under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 26.6% from 25 to 44, 25.5% from 45 to 64, and 14.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 73.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 66.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $33,204, and the median income for a family was $41,962. Males had a median income of $35,947 versus $24, 234 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,611. About 10.4% of families and 11.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.2% of those under age 18 and 9.8% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The City of Warrensville Heights is served by the Warrensville Heights City School District, which has four campuses and an enrollment of approximately 1,600 students.

In 2015, the Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine opened a branch on the campus of Cleveland Clinic South Pointe Hospital for 50 medical students.

title: Warrensville Heights, Ohio


text:
Westlake, Ohio

Westlake is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. It is a suburb located 12 mi west of downtown Cleveland. The population was 34,228 at the 2020 census.

History
The area now known as the city of Westlake was first settled by European Americans on October 10, 1810. At the time, it was part of Dover Township.

In 1901, the northern part of the township seceded to form Bay Village. In 1912, a southern portion left to join North Olmsted. The remaining township residents formed Dover Village in 1913, taking with it a portion of Olmsted Township.

In order to avoid confusion with the city of Dover in Tuscarawas County, Dover Village was renamed Westlake in 1940. The village of Westlake became a city in 1957.

In September 1966, a house in Westlake which had recently been bought by John R. Compton, a black pastor, was firebombed. No one was injured, although the bombing did cause around $10,000 of damage,. According to the Cleveland Press, the mayor of Westlake, Alexander R. Roman, "criticized the parties involved in the sale of the home... He said no one was notified so the community could be prepared to accept a Negro family."

Geography
Westlake is located at 41.45444°N, -81.92861°W (41.454439, −81.928657).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 15.93 sqmi, all land.

Income
The median income for a household in the city was $72,917, and the median income for a family was $98,223 (these figures had changed to $63,252 and $90,397 respectively as of a 2007 estimate). Males had a median income of $60,429 versus $36,999 for females. The per capita income for the city was $56,515. About 1.3% of families and 2.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.7% of those under age 18 and 2.8% of those age 65 or over. Of the city's population over the age of 25, 50.1% hold a bachelor's degree or higher, while 81.3% spoke English, 1.62% Arabic, 1.5% Spanish, 1.3% Greek, and 0.7% German and Chinese.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 32,729 people, 13,870 households, and 8,443 families living in the city. The population density was 2054.6 PD/sqmi. There were 14,843 housing units at an average density of 931.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 91.2% White, 1.6% African American, 0.1% Native American, 4.9% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.6% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 2.5% of the population.

There were 13,870 households, of which 26.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.4% were married couples living together, 6.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 39.1% were non-families. Of all households 34.2% were made up of individuals, and 13.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 3.01.

The median age in the city was 45 years. Of the residents 21.5% were under the age of 18; 5.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.8% were from 25 to 44; 31% were from 45 to 64; and 19% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.4% male and 52.6% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 31,760 people, 12,830 households, and 8,186 families living in the city. The population density was 1,995.2 PD/sqmi. There were 13,648 housing units at an average density of 858.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 91.65% White, 0.95% African American, 1.36% Native American, 4.21% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.33% from other races, and 1.51% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 1.27% of the population.

There were 12,826 households, out of which 28.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.9% were married couples living together, 5.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.1% were non-families. Of all households 32.0% were made up of individuals, and 12.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 3.06.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.8% under the age of 18, 5.6% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 26.6% from 45 to 54, and 18.2% who were 55 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.3 males.

Economy
Companies headquartered in Westlake include Nordson, American Greetings, Hyland Software, and Scott Fetzer Company, TravelCenters of America, and Equity Trust.

Crocker Park is a lifestyle center and mixed-use development compromising 1,050,000 sqft of retail space, 650 residential units, and 100,000 sqft of office space based on a small French town-type setting.

Top employers
According to the city's 2021 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are:

Arts and culture
Westlake is served by the Westlake Porter Public Library.

Also found in Westlake is Lakewood Country Club, "the only Northern Ohio Club to host the PGA-based, Web.com televised golf tour."

Clague House Museum showcases the history of Westlake (formerly Dover). This house was built in 1876.

Clague Playhouse is a community theatre producing five plays a season from the classic and contemporary repertoire.

The White Oaks Restaurant was a lucrative speakeasy during the Prohibition era. Dover Gardens Tavern was also a speakeasy with an upstairs ballroom during Prohibition.

Education
The Westlake City School District consistently places within the top 4% of statewide districts on the state education report card. The district received an achievement grade of 89.0% for the Performance Index and a grade of 95.% for the Indicators Met on the Ohio Department of Education's 2013–2014 District Report Card.

The district mission statement is "We Educate for Excellence."

 * Westlake Elementary School (grades K–4)
 * Dover Intermediate School (grades 5–6)
 * Lee Burneson Middle School (grades 7–8)
 * Westlake High School (grades 9–12)

Westlake High School is home to WHBS-TV, the Westlake High school Broadcasting System. WHBS-TV is seen on channels 99 and 18 on AT&T U-Verse and WOW! cable, respectively, in the Westlake area.

Notable people

 * Jake Paul, YouTuber and boxer
 * Logan Paul, YouTuber, actor, former professional boxer, and WWE wrestler
 * Brian K. Vaughan, comics and television writer

Sister cities
Westlake's first sister city partnership with the Town of Tralee in Ireland was founded in 2009 and is recognized by Sister Cities International. In 2012 Westlake also became sister city to the Canadian town of Kingsville, Ontario.
 * 🇮🇪 Tralee, County Kerry, Ireland
 * 🇨🇦 Kingsville, Ontario, Canada

title: Westlake, Ohio


text:
Woodmere, Ohio

Woodmere is a village in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2020 census, Woodmere had a population of 641 residents. An eastern suburb of Cleveland, it is part of the Cleveland metropolitan area.

History
Woodmere is one of the five municipalities, along with Hunting Valley, Moreland Hills, Orange Village and Pepper Pike, that originally formed Orange Township, the birthplace of President James A. Garfield. While the other four municipalities were established in the 1920s, Woodmere was incorporated as a village in 1944. Today, centered along Chagrin Boulevard, Woodmere serves as the primary commercial district for all parts of the original Orange Township.

Geography
Woodmere is located at 41.45917°N, -81.48111°W (41.459253, -81.481010).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.33 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 884 people, 446 households, and 225 families living in the village. The population density was 2678.8 PD/sqmi. There were 468 housing units at an average density of 1418.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 60.5% White, 35.9% African American, 3.7% Asian, 1.0% from other races, and 3.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.7% of the population.

There were 446 households, of which 28.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 26.0% were married couples living together, 20.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 49.6% were non-families. 46.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.98 and the average family size was 2.84.

The median age in the village was 37.9 years. 23.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.8% were from 25 to 44; 29.5% were from 45 to 64; and 11% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 41.9% male and 58.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 828 people, 424 households, and 186 families living in the village. The population density was 2,515.6 PD/sqmi. There were 460 housing units at an average density of 1,397.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 39.73% White, 49.64% African American, 0.12% Native American, 7.73% Asian, 0.36% from other races, and 2.42% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.85% of the population.

There were 424 households, out of which 22.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 27.6% were married couples living together, 12.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 56.1% were non-families. 48.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.95 and the average family size was 2.91.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 21.4% under the age of 18, 12.1% from 18 to 24, 34.9% from 25 to 44, 19.4% from 45 to 64, and 12.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 100.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.1 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $32,102, and the median income for a family was $46,250. Males had a median income of $31,364 versus $28,214 for females. The per capita income for the village was $22,703. About 10.8% of families and 10.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.1% of those under age 18 and 9.1% of those age 65 or over.

Schools
Woodmere is served by the Orange City School System.

title: Woodmere, Ohio