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Roxana, Illinois

Roxana is a village in Madison County, Illinois, United States. The population was 1,454 at the 2020 census. The ZIP Code is 62084.

A majority of the land in Roxana is taken up by the Wood River Refinery, an oil refinery operated by Phillips 66. The refinery was originally built and owned by Shell Oil. As of 2016, the refinery is capable of refining 314000 oilbbl of oil per day to produce gasoline, jet fuel, diesel, asphalt, propane, and other products, and supplies part of the St. Louis, Chicago, Indiana, and Ohio regions.

Roxana is considered to be part of the River Bend portion of the St. Louis Metro East area. It is well known for its bright Christmas lights lining Illinois Route 111, its main street, throughout the holiday season each year.

History
In 1918, Shell Oil Company opened its Wood River Refinery in what was then called "Wood River Field", an area south of the city of Wood River. As houses began being built close to the refinery, the population there grew to the point that, in 1921, this unincorporated area became the incorporated village of Roxana.

The origin of the village's name is unknown. Local lore is that the name "Roxana" was chosen to honor a "Queen Roxanne" of the Netherlands, inasmuch as the village owed its very existence to Netherlands-state-owned Royal Dutch Shell. But there had never been a Queen Roxanne of the Netherlands. The Dutch monarch at the time was Wilhelmina of the Netherlands. However, Royal Dutch/Shell Group also founded Roxana Petroleum Company in 1912 in Oklahoma to explore for and produce crude oil.

Subsequently Shell built refineries near New Orleans in 1916, at Wood River in 1918, and parallel with US Route 20 across Hammond and East Chicago in Lake County, Indiana, in 1926. The Hammond-East Chicago refinery was linked directly by pipeline to Wood River and resulted in the residential neighborhood of Roxana (East Chicago) adjacent to it.

Originally constructed on 336 acre, the Wood River Refinery now covers approximately 2200 acre. Phillips 66 acquired it, the largest in its system, in the early 2000s.

A Baptist church was organized in September 1921, and the land where the current First Baptist Church of Roxana now stands, at the corner of Tydeman Street and Central Avenue, was purchased in early 1922. The first services were held there on December 3, 1922. J.A. Wilson served as the church's first pastor.

A formal village hall, called for by a vote for a "Municipal Building", was built on $36,000 worth of bonds in 1938. It currently houses Roxana's Village President, Treasurer, Water Department, and Clerk's offices, the fire and police departments, the village board room, and a municipal gymnasium.

In the early 1940s, a large Art Deco-style theater was built at the northwest corner of Thomas Street and Central Avenue, at 400 N. Central Avenue. To the south across Thomas Street used to sit Burbank School, built in 1936 (torn down in 2009), and at the southeast corner of the intersection lay Roxana Drug Store. Seating approximately 580 people, the theater was originally designed for vaudeville acts as well as movie showings. In 1949, a tornado tore the roof off, but after repairs were made, the theater reopened. In the late 1960s, it was closed for nearly two years before being sold in June 1968 from the estate of Albert Critchlow to Bloomer Amusement Co. of Belleville. It was thereafter operated as "BAC Cine" for many years. In 1992, the Cine was purchased by Kerasotes Theatres, Inc., of Springfield, Illinois, which operated it until its closing in February 2002.

In 2000, the theater was purchased from Kerasotes and was donated to the Roxana Church of the Nazarene, which is located just to the north. The church now operates the building as the Nazarene Community Center, where it is available for rental and group events.

Geography
Roxana is located in western Madison County and is bordered to the north by Wood River, to the west by Hartford, and to the southwest by South Roxana. Illinois Route 143 passes through the northern side of the village, leading northwest into Wood River and southeast 6 mi to Edwardsville, the county seat. Illinois Route 111 passes through the northwest part of the village, leading north into Wood River and south 8 mi to Pontoon Beach. Illinois Route 255, a four-lane freeway, runs through the east side of the village, with access from Exits 5 and 6. Route 255 leads northwest 13 mi to Godfrey and south 6 mi to Interstates 255 and 270 in Pontoon Beach.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Roxana has a total area of 7.2 sqmi, of which 0.1 sqmi, or 1.69%, are water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,547 people, 655 households, and 436 families residing in the village. The population density was 227.5 PD/sqmi. There were 697 housing units at an average density of 102.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.51% White, 0.13% African American, 0.26% Native American, 0.26% Asian, 0.39% from other races, and 0.45% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.65% of the population.

There were 655 households, out of which 28.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.4% were married couples living together, 10.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.4% were non-families. 29.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.92.

In the village, the age distribution of the population shows 23.4% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 29.0% from 25 to 44, 23.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.8 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $38,800, and the median income for a family was $45,500. Males had a median income of $40,078 versus $27,045 for females. The per capita income for the village was $20,511. About 2.5% of families and 3.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.0% of those under age 18 and 5.7% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Located within the village is Roxana High School. The school district is served by two elementary schools, though only one is located within the village limits of Roxana. Central Elementary School is in Roxana, while South Roxana Elementary School is within South Roxana. The former Burbank Elementary School, located at the corner of Thomas Street and Central Avenue, closed in 1984 and was demolished in 2009.

Nearby colleges and universities include Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Principia College, a four-year private college in Elsah, and Lewis and Clark Community College in Godfrey. The Dental School of Southern Illinois University is located close by in the city of Alton.

Roxana Park
In May 1934, a village ordinance was passed creating a Recreation Board that would develop a plan for activities and playground sites, establish a budget and employ a Supervisor to manage the operation. In 1938, Village Hall was constructed which included a gymnasium for recreational activities. The first meeting of the Village Board in the newly constructed Village Hall was held on Wednesday, February 1, 1939. Village Hall, consisting of the gym, fire department, police department and other village offices, is located at the intersection of Central Avenue and West Third Street.

In 1947, land was purchased for the purpose of park and recreation facilities, and a softball diamond was constructed. The park is located in the northeastern part of the village, to the north and east of Roxana High School.

In 1952, the Park District was incorporated, followed by the addition of a public swimming pool in 1957. Adjacent to the pool was a recreation area which included trampolines, miniature golf and donkey cart rides.

In 1959, additional land was purchased, and a house was acquired from Shell Oil Company and moved to the property. This was the original meeting place of many community groups. When the house became too small to accommodate the needs of the people, the Rox-Arena was constructed in 1969. For many years, Roxana Park Director Lyle Dona lived in this house within the park.

In the years following, picnic shelters were added along with additional ball fields, concession stand, soccer field, playgrounds and bike/walking paths. The main park now is home to four baseball diamonds—the High School Diamond, the Lighted Diamond, the South Diamond and the Picnic Diamond.

In 1993, Burbank Park was purchased from the school district. It now contains a baseball diamond, playground, picnic shelter, soccer field, and basketball court. It is the site of the annual Roxana Homecoming Festival held each May.

To commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Park District, a new pool house was constructed in 2002.

Transportation
Roxana is served by Amtrak in Alton, St. Louis Regional Airport (formerly known as Civic Memorial Airport) in Bethalto, and Lambert-St. Louis International Airport.

The nearest interstate highway is Interstate 270, approximately 6 mi to the south, although Illinois Route 255 is a controlled access highway, meeting federal interstate standards. Easy access can be had to Interstate 55, Interstate 70 and Interstate 64.

Illinois Route 111 (Central Avenue) is the main route through Roxana. It is a four-lane, non-divided highway through the village, and boasts the only two stoplights in town (located at its intersections with Thomas Street and Tydeman Street).

Illinois Route 255 was completed in 1998 and runs through the eastern portion of the village limits, east of the Wood River refinery. Although the village has plans to develop the area near Route 255, this has not yet occurred.

Notable people

 * Harry Gallatin, forward and center with the Detroit Pistons, and coach with the St. Louis Hawks and New York Knicks

title: Roxana, Illinois


text:
South Roxana, Illinois

South Roxana, incorporated in March 1967, is a village in Madison County, Illinois, United States. The population was 1,891 at the 2020 census.

Geography
South Roxana is bordered to the north and east by the village of Roxana, to the south by a western extension of the city of Edwardsville, and to the west by the village of Hartford.

Illinois Route 111 runs along the western edge of South Roxana, leading north 2 mi to Wood River and south 6 mi to Pontoon Beach. Downtown St. Louis is 20 mi to the south-southwest. Illinois Route 255, a four-lane expressway, passes just east of the village limits, with access from Exits 3 and 5. Route 255 leads south 4 mi to Interstates 255 and 270 and north 6 mi to Bethalto.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, South Roxana has a total area of 2.3 sqmi, of which 0.1 sqmi, or 4.51%, are water.

Demographics
At the 2000 census there were 1,888 people, 707 households, and 518 families living in the village. The population density was 1,190.0 PD/sqmi. There were 809 housing units at an average density of 509.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.67% White, 0.32% African American, 0.42% Native American, 0.21% Asian, 0.11% Pacific Islander, 0.32% from other races, and 0.95% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.85%.

Of the 707 households 38.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.2% were married couples living together, 15.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.6% were non-families. 20.1% of households were one person and 8.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.08.

The age distribution was 28.8% under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 30.6% from 25 to 44, 21.6% from 45 to 64, and 10.3% 65 or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.5 males.

The median household income was $33,295 and the median family income was $37,344. Males had a median income of $34,712 versus $21,552 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,938. About 17.4% of families and 19.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 30.3% of those under age 18 and 8.0% of those age 65 or over.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: South Roxana, Illinois


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St. Jacob, Illinois

St. Jacob or Saint Jacob is a village in Madison County, Illinois, United States. The population was 1,358 at the 2020 census, up from 1,098 in 2010.

History
St. Jacob derives its name from Jacob Schutz, who operated a store, saloon and tavern called the St. Jacob House. Earl E. Herrin (1892–1964), Illinois state representative and businessman, was born in St. Jacob. The only other famous person from St.Jacob is Jack Smith, STL Gallagher prodigy

Geography
St. Jacob is located in southeastern Madison County at 38.71694°N, -89.76722°W (38.716897, -89.767122). U.S. Route 40 passes through the north side of the village, leading northeast 6 mi to Highland and west the same distance to Troy. Downtown St. Louis is 26 mi to the west.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, St. Jacob has a total area of 0.85 sqmi, of which 0.01 sqmi, or 0.82%, are water. The village drains west to tributaries of Silver Creek, a south-flowing tributary of the Kaskaskia River.

Demographics
At the 2000 census there were 801 people, 301 households, and 232 families in the village. The population density was 1,433.1 PD/sqmi. There were 321 housing units at an average density of 574.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.25% White, 0.50% Native American, 0.37% Asian, 0.50% from other races, and 0.37% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.75%.

Of the 301 households 37.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.8% were married couples living together, 6.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.9% were non-families. 19.6% of households were one person and 9.0% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.01.

The age distribution was 27.8% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 30.3% from 25 to 44, 22.7% from 45 to 64, and 11.1% 65 or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.9 males.

The median household income was $47,917 and the median family income was $55,417. Males had a median income of $36,000 versus $25,938 for females. The per capita income for the village was $20,340. About 3.3% of families and 9.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.5% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

title: St. Jacob, Illinois


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Troy, Illinois

Troy is a city in Madison County, Illinois, United States. The population was 10,960 at the 2020 census, up from 9,888 in 2010.

Troy is part of the St. Louis Metropolitan Statistical Area. Its namesake in Lincoln County, Missouri, is also part of this MSA, making it (along with the two O'Fallons in Illinois and Missouri) one of the few pairs of like-named municipalities to be part of the same MSA.

History
Troy was platted in 1819. It was incorporated as a town on February 18, 1857, and as a city in 1892.

Geography
Troy is located in south-central Madison County at 38.72917°N, -89.89167°W (38.729236, -89.891733). It is bordered to the west by Maryville and to the northwest by Glen Carbon.

Interstates 55 and 70 pass through the west side of Troy, with access from exits 17 and 18. The highways together lead southwest 20 mi to St. Louis, while diverging just north of Troy: I-55 leads north 75 mi to Springfield, the state capital, while I-70 leads east 50 mi to Vandalia. U.S. Route 40 passes through the south side of Troy, joining I-55 and I-70 at the western edge of the city and leading east 11 mi to Highland. Illinois Route 162 passes through the center of Troy as Center Street, Market Street, and Edwardsville Road, leading east 2.5 mi to US 40 and west 4 mi to the north part of Maryville.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Troy has a total area of 5.67 sqmi, of which 5.62 sqmi are land and 0.05 sqmi, or 0.92%, are water. Most of the city drains eastward into tributaries of Silver Creek, a south-flowing tributary of the Kaskaskia River. The westernmost part of the city drains to Canteen Creek, which flows southwest to the Mississippi River valley at East St. Louis.

Demographics
At the 2000 census there were 8,524 people in 3,100 households, including 2,356 families, in the city. The population density was 2,037.6 PD/sqmi. There were 3,201 housing units at an average density of 765.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 95.48% White, 1.48% African American, 0.32% Native American, 0.70% Asian, 0.38% from other races, and 1.64% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.49%.

Of the 3,100 households 45.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.1% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.0% were non-families. 19.5% of households were one person and 6.8% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.75 and the average family size was 3.16.

The age distribution was 30.2% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 34.3% from 25 to 44, 19.2% from 45 to 64, and 7.7% 65 or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.5 males.

The median household income was $53,720 and the median family income was $59,643. Males had a median income of $41,705 versus $27,542 for females. The per capita income for the city was $21,174. About 2.1% of families and 3.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.4% of those under age 18 and 4.5% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Paul Simon, US senator; lived in Troy and was the youngest editor of the town's newspaper (Troy Tribune)
 * Jesse L. Simpson, Chief Justice of the Illinois Supreme Court; born in Troy
 * Bob Turley, Cy Young Award-winning pitcher for the St. Louis Browns, Baltimore Orioles, New York Yankees, Los Angeles Angels, and Boston Red Sox; born in Troy

title: Troy, Illinois


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Venice, Illinois

Venice is a city in Madison County, Illinois, United States. The population was 1,498 at the 2020 census, down from 1,890 in 2010.

History
Venice was platted in 1841.

Geography
Venice is located in the southwest corner of Madison County at 38.67389°N, -90.16778°W (38.673796, -90.167885). It is bordered to the north and east by the city of Madison, to the south by the city of Brooklyn in St. Clair County, and to the west by the Mississippi River, across which is the city of St. Louis, Missouri.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Venice has a total area of 1.85 sqmi, of which 0.002 sqmi, or 0.11%, are water.

Illinois Route 3 passes through the west side of Venice, leading north 19 mi to Alton and south 4 mi to East St. Louis. The McKinley Bridge crosses the Mississippi River from Route 3 in Venice to Interstate 70 in St. Louis.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,528 people, 950 households, and 661 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,348.5 PD/sqmi. There were 1,154 housing units at an average density of 615.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 5.50% White, 93.55% African American, 0.36% Native American, 0.04% Asian, and 0.55% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.75% of the population.

There were 950 households, out of which 34.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 22.6% were married couples living together, 41.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.4% were non-families. 27.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.25.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 33.3% under the age of 18, 9.3% from 18 to 24, 26.0% from 25 to 44, 19.3% from 45 to 64, and 12.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 79.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 71.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $19,853, and the median income for a family was $24,432. Males had a median income of $35,515 versus $22,411 for females. The per capita income for the city was $11,483. About 34.9% of families and 39.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 55.7% of those under age 18 and 29.6% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Ted Savage, outfielder for eight Major League Baseball teams; born in Venice

title: Venice, Illinois


text:
Williamson, Illinois

Williamson is a village in Madison County, Illinois, United States. The population was 183 at the 2020 census, down from 230 in 2010.

History
Williamson had its start as a coal town. The village is named for the land's original owners, John and Matthew Williamson.

Geography
Williamson is bordered to the south by the village of Livingston and to the north by Macoupin County. Interstate 55 passes just east of the village, with access from Exit 37 in Livingston. St. Louis is 40 mi to the southwest, and Springfield is 58 mi to the north.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Williamson has a total area of 1.2 sqmi, of which 0.05 sqmi, or 3.86%, are water. The village is drained to the southeast by tributaries of Silver Creek, a south-flowing tributary of the Kaskaskia River.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 251 people, 99 households, and 66 families residing in the village. The population density was 165.4 PD/sqmi. There were 112 housing units at an average density of 73.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.61% White and 2.39% Native American.

There were 99 households, out of which 33.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.5% were married couples living together, 15.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.3% were non-families. 26.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.08.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 26.7% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 33.1% from 25 to 44, 18.3% from 45 to 64, and 14.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 109.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.8 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $23,750, and the median income for a family was $37,500. Males had a median income of $31,250 versus $20,000 for females. The per capita income for the village was $12,988. About 8.9% of families and 14.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.5% of those under the age of eighteen and 6.3% of those 65 or over.

title: Williamson, Illinois


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Wood River, Illinois

Wood River is a city in Madison County, Illinois. The population was 10,464 as of the 2020 census.

Geography
Wood River is located in western Madison County on the Mississippi River approximately 15 mi upstream of downtown St. Louis, Missouri. It is among several contiguous cities and villages that have come to be known as the "Riverbend" area. The current confluence of the Mississippi and the Missouri rivers is just south of one of these neighboring villages, Hartford. Wood River is bordered to the northwest by East Alton, to the north by Rosewood Heights, to the northeast by Bethalto, to the southeast by Roxana, to the south by Hartford, and to the southwest, across the Mississippi River, by West Alton, Missouri.

Illinois Route 3 passes through the west side of the city, leading north 5 mi to the north side of Alton and south 18 mi to East St. Louis. Illinois Route 143 passes through the center of Wood River as Madison Avenue, leading northwest 5 mi to the center of Alton and southeast 9 mi to Edwardsville. Illinois Route 111 follows Central Avenue through the center of Wood River, leading north 3.5 mi to the west part of Bethalto and south 16 mi to Washington Park. Illinois Route 255, a four-lane limited-access highway, passes through the east side of Wood River, leading northwest 10 mi to Godfrey and south 15 mi to Collinsville.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Wood River has a total area of 7.23 sqmi, of which 6.98 sqmi are land and 0.25 sqmi, or 3.47%, are water.

Demographics
At the 2000 census there were 11,296 people, 4,725 households, and 2,995 families living in the city. The population density was 1,865.2 PD/sqmi. There were 5,001 housing units at an average density of 825.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 97.57% White, 0.63% African American, 0.27% Native American, 0.45% Asian, 0.35% from other races, and 0.73% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.21%.

Of the 4,725 households 29.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.2% were married couples living together, 13.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.6% were non-families. 31.7% of households were one person and 14.7% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.96.

The age distribution was 24.1% under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 28.7% from 25 to 44, 20.1% from 45 to 64, and 16.9% 65 or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.6 males.

The median household income was $33,875 and the median family income was $41,688. Males had a median income of $35,097 versus $24,522 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,098. About 13.2% of families and 14.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.2% of those under age 18 and 10.6% of those age 65 or over.

Transportation
Amtrak's Texas Eagle as well as its Lincoln Service pass through Wood River but do not stop in the small city. The nearest station is Alton station, 8 mi to the northwest.

St. Louis Regional Airport is 3 mi northeast of Wood River in Bethalto, while the nearest commercial flights are available at St. Louis Lambert International Airport, 25 mi to the west in Missouri.

Notable people

 * Joe Astroth, professional baseball player; attended Wood River High School
 * Roger Counsil, NCAA champion gymnastics coach
 * Gary Lane, Missouri University and NFL quarterback, NFL official
 * Lawrence Leritz, Broadway, Film, TV, Dance and Recording
 * Ken Retzer, professional baseball player; born in Wood River
 * Dewayne Staats, broadcaster for the Tampa Bay Rays; raised in Wood River
 * John Stoneham, professional baseball player
 * Jean Stothert, mayor of Omaha, Nebraska
 * Kristopher Tharp, member of the Illinois Senate

title: Wood River, Illinois


text:
Worden, Illinois

Worden is a village in Madison County, Illinois, United States. The population was 1,096 at the 2020 census.

History
Worden was originally called "New Hampton", and under the latter name was laid out in 1860. When the railroad was built through the settlement in 1870, the name "Worden" was given to the station, after John C. Worden, an English immigrant, businessman, and railroad promoter.

Geography
Worden is located in northern Madison County at 38.93222°N, -89.84028°W (38.932241, -89.840216). It is 3 mi north of Hamel, 20 mi east of Alton, and 35 mi northeast of St. Louis.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Worden has a total area of 0.72 sqmi, of which 0.01 sqmi, or 1.66%, are water. The village drains west to tributaries of Cahokia Creek, a west-flowing direct tributary of the Mississippi River.

Demographics
At the 2000 census there were 905 people, 378 households, and 261 families living in the village. The population density was 1,370.3 PD/sqmi. There were 396 housing units at an average density of 599.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 99.34% White, 0.44% Native American, 0.11% from other races, and 0.11% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.22%.

Of the 378 households 32.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.6% were married couples living together, 11.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.7% were non-families. 27.0% of households were one person and 13.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.90.

The age distribution was 24.3% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 30.6% from 25 to 44, 23.4% from 45 to 64, and 13.9% 65 or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.2 males.

The median household income was $36,100 and the median family income was $40,909. Males had a median income of $35,294 versus $20,156 for females. The per capita income for the village was $18,485. About 13.1% of families and 12.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.4% of those under age 18 and 3.9% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Evelyn M. Bowles, Illinois state senator; born in Worden
 * Karen May, another Illinois state senator was born in Worden.

title: Worden, Illinois


text:
Alma, Illinois

Alma is a village in Marion County, Illinois, United States. The population was 318 at the 2020 census.

History
Alma was originally called "Rantoul", and under the latter name was laid out in 1854. The present name, adopted in 1855, commemorates the Battle of the Alma in the Crimean War. The village post office named "Grand Mound City" was changed to "Alma" in 1855 as well.

Geography
Alma is located in northern Marion County. Illinois Route 37 passes through the village center, leading northeast 5 mi to Kinmundy and south 7 mi to Salem, the county seat. Interstate 57 touches the northwest corner of the village, with the closest access from Exit 127, 3 mi to the north.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Alma has a total area of 1.13 sqmi, all land. The village sits on a slight hilltop that drains north to Warren Branch, a tributary of the East Fork of the Kaskaskia River, and south to the headwaters of Crooked Creek, a west-flowing tributary of the Kaskaskia.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, 386 people, 167 households, and 101 families were residing in the village. The population density was 357.5 PD/sqmi. The 179 housing units were at an average density of 165.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 99.22% White, 0.26% African American and 0.52% Native American.

Of the 167 households, 29.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.5% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.5% were non-families. 37.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 3.06.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 25.4% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 26.9% from 25 to 44, 21.2% from 45 to 64, and 17.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.7 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $27,083, and the median income for a family was $30,208. Males had a median income of $30,938 versus $17,308 for females. The per capita income for the village was $12,693. About 14.1% of families and 24.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 37.1% of those under age 18 and 16.7% of those age 65 or over.

title: Alma, Illinois


text:
Central City, Illinois

Central City is a village in Marion County, Illinois, United States. The population was 1,098 at the 2020 census.

Geography
Central City is located in southwestern Marion County. It is bordered to the south by the city of Centralia. U.S. Route 51 passes through Central City as Broadway and Commercial Street, leading south into Centralia and north 5 mi to Sandoval.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Central City has a total area of 0.57 sqmi, all land. Crooked Creek, a west-flowing tributary of the Kaskaskia River, touches the northern edge of the village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,371 people, 550 households, and 371 families residing in the village. The population density was 2,365.5 PD/sqmi. There were 626 housing units at an average density of 1,080.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 94.97% White, 1.82% African American, 0.22% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.15% Pacific Islander, 0.58% from other races, and 2.04% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.48% of the population.

There were 550 households, out of which 34.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.9% were married couples living together, 16.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.5% were non-families. 26.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 3.02.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 28.5% under the age of 18, 9.7% from 18 to 24, 28.8% from 25 to 44, 19.0% from 45 to 64, and 13.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.1 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $31,136, and the median income for a family was $36,518. Males had a median income of $27,917 versus $22,500 for females. The per capita income for the village was $13,151. About 12.9% of families and 15.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.3% of those under age 18 and 8.6% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Jack Richardson, pitcher for the Philadelphia Athletics; born in Central City

title: Central City, Illinois


text:
Iuka, Illinois

Iuka is a village in Marion County, Illinois, United States. The population was 512 at the 2020 census.

Geography
Iuka is located in eastern Marion County. U.S. Route 50 passes through the north side of the village, leading west 8 mi to Salem, the county seat, and east 17 mi to Flora.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Iuka has a total area of 0.73 sqmi, of which 0.001 sqmi, or 0.14%, are water. Jamison Creek crosses the north side of the village, running east to the Skillet Fork, a southeast-flowing tributary of the Little Wabash River. The southernmost part of the village drains to Johns Branch, a more southerly tributary of the Skillet Fork.

Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 489 people, 185 households, and 127 families residing in the village. The population density was 619.0 PD/sqmi. There were 217 housing units at an average density of 223.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.6% White, 1.4% African American, 0.2% Asian, and 0.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.8% of the population.

There were 185 households, out of which 35.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.8% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.4% were non-families. 25.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.08.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 33.4% under the age of 19, 5.7% from 20 to 24, 25.9% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 12.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.2 males.

Points of interest
There is a limestone outcropping due southeast of Iuka that is one of the purported locations of Burrows Cave. In 1982, Russell E. Burrow claimed to have found numerous archeological artifacts in this cave inscribed in Ancient Egyptian and Greek. Today, Burrows Cave is considered a hoax by most mainstream archeologists.

Along U.S. Route 50, 0.8 mi east of the village limits, lies the Halfway Tavern, a replica structure of the original that lies halfway between Vincennes and St. Louis. The building is now a State Historic Site. It is claimed that Abraham Lincoln stayed at the inn, though there is no proof of his presence at the tavern. It is also believed that a group of Native Americans robbed gold from a passing stagecoach in the early 1800s, and that the gold is buried in a wooded area to the north of the tavern, but cited evidence questions the legitimacy of this claim.

Further east along U.S. Route 50 lies the Hebron School, a wooden one-room schoolhouse that operated between 1908 and 1952.

title: Iuka, Illinois


text:
Junction City, Illinois

Junction City is a village in Marion County, Illinois, United States. The population was 527 at the 2020 census.

Geography
Junction City is located in western Marion County 3 mi south of Sandoval, 4 mi north of Centralia, and 12 mi west-southwest of Salem, the county seat.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Junction City has a total area of 0.70 sqmi, of which 0.02 sqmi, or 2.56%, are water. The village drains south to tributaries of Crooked Creek, a west-flowing tributary of the Kaskaskia River.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 559 people, 207 households, and 158 families residing in the village. The population density was 827.9 PD/sqmi. There were 226 housing units at an average density of 334.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.57% White, 0.36% Asian, and 1.07% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.36% of the population.

There were 207 households, out of which 45.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.0% were married couples living together, 13.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.2% were non-families. 20.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.11.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 31.1% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 11.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.5 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $33,500, and the median income for a family was $40,000. Males had a median income of $31,538 versus $21,719 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,114. About 10.9% of families and 9.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.2% of those under age 18 and 15.7% of those age 65 or over.

title: Junction City, Illinois


text:
Kell, Illinois

Kell is a village in Marion County, Illinois, United States. The population was 173 at the 2020 census, down from 219 in 2010.

Geography
Kell is located in southern Marion County south-southeast of Salem, the county seat, and 5 mi northeast of Dix.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Kell has a total area of 1.004 sqmi, of which 0.002 sqmi, or 0.20%, are water.

Casey Creek has its headwaters in the north-central part of the village and flows southward through the village center. It is a tributary of the Big Muddy River, which runs south to the Mississippi River north of Cape Girardeau, Missouri. The northwest part of the village drains to Raccoon Creek, a west-flowing tributary of Crooked Creek and part of the Kaskaskia River watershed flowing to the Mississippi near Ste. Genevieve, Missouri. The divide between the Casey Creek/Big Muddy Basin and the Kaskaskia Basin is about 1000 ft west of town, over a rise that is barely noticeable. The eastern part of the village drains to Horse Creek, a southeast-flowing tributary of the Skillet Fork of the Little Wabash River, part of the Ohio River watershed, which flows to the Mississippi River at Cairo, Illinois. The divide between the Ohio River watershed and the other tributaries of the Mississippi is within the village limits just east of the village center. The village water tower sits atop this prominent ridge.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 231 people, 84 households, and 68 families residing in the village. The population density was 228.7 PD/sqmi. There were 89 housing units at an average density of 88.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 100.00% White.

There were 84 households, out of which 35.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 73.8% were married couples living together, 7.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.9% were non-families. 15.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.75 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 27.3% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 25.1% from 45 to 64, and 13.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.0 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $40,909, and the median income for a family was $41,719. Males had a median income of $31,806 versus $21,250 for females. The per capita income for the village was $17,002. None of the population or families were below the poverty line.

title: Kell, Illinois


text:
Kinmundy, Illinois

Kinmundy is a city in Marion County, Illinois, United States. The population was 733 at the 2020 census.

The town is believed to have been named after a place in Scotland, the birthplace of William Ferguson, a London agent for the Illinois Central Railroad during Kinmundy's construction. He visited the area in 1856.

Geography
Kinmundy is located in northeastern Marion County. Illinois Route 37 passes through the village center as 1st Street, leading southwest 12 mi to Salem, the county seat, and northeast 6 mi to Farina. Interstate 57 passes northwest of the city, with access from Exit 127. I-57 leads northeast 32 mi to Effingham and southwest 38 mi to Mount Vernon.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Kinmundy has a total area of 1.45 sqmi, of which 1.29 sqmi are land and 0.25 sqmi, or 17.44%, are water. The water area consists of Kinmundy Lake, a reservoir 1 mi west of the city proper. The city drains to the northwest, toward the East Fork of the Kaskaskia River.

History
The origins of the town of Kinmundy are rooted in the expansion of the railroads in southern Illinois, with the first significant economic influence being construction work on the Chicago branch of the Illinois Central Railroad. In April 1857, the town was initially laid out east of the railroad, in 15 blocks of varying sizes, and later, incorporated as a city in 1867.

In 1903 Kinmundy was struck by a fire in the evening that burnt down most of the downtown area, causing the sharpest drop in population in the town's history. One of the buildings that burnt was the opera house, which was rebuilt before burning again for the second, and final time in 1916, not being rebuilt afterward.

In January 1912, Illinois Central Railroad train No. 3, traveling at 50 mph, collided with passenger train No. 25, which was standing at the station in Kinmundy taking water. The devastating train wreck demolished the private car at the rear of train No. 25, killing five passengers, among them James T. Harahan, the recently-retired president of the Illinois Central Railroad.

Landmarks
The stately Italianate Calendar Rohrbough House, located on so-called "Quality Hill", is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

The Illinois Central Railroad Water Tower and Pump House was added to the National Register of Historic places in 1998.

The Kinmundy Log Cabin Village is a collection of twelve original pioneer homes rescued in the 1960s from the surrounding local region and reassembled in a wooded area on the edge of the town. All of the cabins pre-date the American Civil War, with the oldest originally constructed in 1818. The log cabin village plays host to an annual fall craft fair, during which the village is populated by local volunteers and crafts people in period dress and the authentically furnished homes are open to the public. Some of the volunteers are descendants of the original residents of the historic cabins.

Stephen A. Forbes State Recreation Area lies about 5 mi southeast of the town and offers trails, camping, hunting, and fishing. The park features a man-made lake which was completed in 1968 and boasts 18 mi of shoreline.

Notable people

 * Marilyn Kaytor, journalist and internationally known food critic; born in Kinmundy in 1929.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 892 people, 365 households, and 246 families residing in the city. The population density was 865.2 PD/sqmi. There were 409 housing units at an average density of 396.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 98.21% White, 0.34% African American, 0.11% Native American, 0.34% from other races, and 1.01% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.67% of the population.

There were 365 households, out of which 31.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.4% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.6% were non-families. 28.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.6% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 25.0% from 25 to 44, 24.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $28,500, and the median income for a family was $37,125. Males had a median income of $31,875 versus $20,938 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,279. About 10.0% of families and 12.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.0% of those under age 18 and 8.8% of those age 65 or over.

Ameren's Kinmundy Power Plant, a combustion turbine generator (CTG) power plant, is located in Kinmundy.

title: Kinmundy, Illinois


text:
Odin, Illinois

Odin is a village in Marion County, Illinois, United States. The population was 935 at the 2020 census, down from 1,076 in 2010.

History
Odin originally was settled chiefly by Scandinavians. The village was named after Odin, a god in Germanic mythology.

The Territory of Illinois was separated from that of Indiana in 1809. The newly appointed governor for this territory was Ninian Edwards, and the seat of government established at Kaskaskia. By an act of Congress in April 1818, Illinois was admitted to the Union as the twenty-second state, with Shadrach Bond the first governor.

Marion County was organized on January 24, 1823, and named for General Francis Marion, a hero of the Revolutionary War. Odin Township originally had the villages of Odin and Sandoval within its boundaries. However, in 1896 it was divided into Odin and Sandoval townships.

The hundredth anniversary of the village dates from the time the Illinois Central Railroad secured land grants in order to build the railroad from Chicago to Cairo. The land not needed for the railroad bed was later sold to interested farmers for eight to twelve dollars per acre. Payments could be made over a period of several years.

Thomas Deadmond, a Virginian, was Odin Township's first settler. He arrived in the timber in the southern part in 1827. The season was well advanced. He erected a shed-home with the roof slanted toward the north and the south wall left open. A log fire afforded warmth and a cooking area. Mr. Deadmond entered eighty acres in section 28 in January 1837.

Silas Barr came to the township in 1829. Two years later he entered the first tract of land in section 27. Soon his brother James N. Barr came from Tennessee. This was the father of Oliver Barr and grandfather of Hobart Barr. Samuel McClelland settled in 1830 near Silas Barr. Three brothers by the name of Wilburn settled here at an early date. James Adams, Thomas Pigg and John Hill were early settlers and were respected for their honesty.

All the farms in this locality were for many years confined to the timber but Bluford Deadmond ventured out into the prairie and selected a farm site near the center of the township.

Early settlers in the northern part of the township were G. L. Chitwood, John Davidson, John Puleston, John Vaugh and Silas Hurd.

The village is sixty-five miles from St. Louis, 244 miles from Chicago and situated at the crossing of the two railroads; Atlantic, Mississippi and Ohio Railroad and Illinois Central Railroad. It was incorporated as a town in 1865 and was placed under village organization in 1874. Its liveliest times were during the civil war when it possessed a record for robbers, gamblers, blacklegs and people of which could not be excelled. Since the civil war these people faded away and the town filled with a better class of people.

In 1960, Odin had 1,000 inhabitants, five churches and one or more soon to be built. A well graded public school, a public library association. She had a brick and tile factory and was democratic by a small majority as is also Marion County. Several clubs were in town; Odin Lodge no 503, Odin Women's Relief Corps, American Legion Auxiliary, Old Maids Convention, Odin Fancy Work Club, Odin Dramatic Club, Odin Junior Women's Club, Odin PTA, Odin Woman's Garden Club, The Odin Fire Department.

Early business establishments included A. M Woodward General Store; J. M. Dace Confectionery; S. D. Phillips Drug Store; Hurd and Harroun Implement Shop; E. E. Hudson Paint Store; Eccles Brothers Bakery, E. A. Parks Jewelry Story; C. F. Krodell General Store; Scott Davidson Livery and Grains; C. O. Stanford Clothier; Wilson Dace Jeweler; Lewis Print Shop and Odin Newspaper; Barber Shops of Walter Turner and Charles Arrowsmith; Odin Bank with W. H. Farthing cashier; Tot's Hat Shop; T. H. McClelland Real Estate and Insurance; the Virginia, Moddy and Kellar Hotels. The blacksmith shop operated by Henry Soulon. B. C. Holsapple opened a blacksmith shop in 1909; C E Sloan open the lumber yard. Post office was established in 1861.

Schools
The first regular school house built of logs stood near the McClelland graveyard. Odin School was held in the Smith Hall at one time for extra room, another time in the Schumaker Building, then later about 1898 or 1899 extra rooms were in the Presbyterian Church which stood a block west of the main school, still later in the wooden frame building across the street to the west. The average wage paid to teachers was $12.00 per month. In 1880 the average wage paid to male teachers was $37.15 and female teachers was $26.32 per month.

Some school rules: No swearing on school grounds, no whispering and mind the teacher in all things.
 * Barr School 1834 located southeast corner of section 22 near Silas Barr's place The teacher was Peter Welburn.
 * Brick School 1856 two miles north of Odin. In 1920 the building was torn down and replaced with a new frame building. At one time there were 70 kids enrolled and the teacher salary of $25.00 per month was paid.
 * Rankin School in 1884 was deeded from Hamlin family and Ella Phillips was paid $30 a month in 1909 and $35 a month in 1915. Margaret Robinson made $60 per month in 1919 and Gladys McClelland was paid $75 a month in 1920. The price for teaching went to $80 in 1931 with Eunice Tinkler hired. Mary Hawley in 1940 and Virginia Scott in 1942 were paid $90 per month. 1952 the school was purchased by Ben Young and pupils were transported to other schools.
 * Lakeview School (not sure what lake) was built in 1893
 * Forest Park School, later called Love School was built in 1892
 * Matthew school - 1896

Odin Coal Company
A mass convention of the citizens was called for the purpose of considering the propriety and manner of organizing a coal and mining company. The capital stock was placed at $25,000 and after four months of steady work and united efforts the entire amount of stock was taken without the assistance of outside capital. The mine commission consisted of W. H. Phillips, J. G. Vaughn, L. Somerville, F. D. Secor, W. H. Cole, W. E. Smith, N. B. Morrison, A. M. Woodard and E. Sharp; all prominent and influential citizens.

The company was incorporated under the laws of the state, and the contract for sinking the shaft was awarded to Messrs. Earls & Paul, mine contractors of Sandoval, Illinois. N. B. Morrison was president. Officially recorded as ISGS Index #87, Odin Coal Company, 1 Shaft, Method = Modified Room and Pillar (MRP), 1887–1939, Seam Mined = Herrin Twp 2N, Rge 1E, Sec 13.

Coal was expected at a depth of 600 feet and was not found until 669 feet in 1886. At that time the whistle at the shaft announced that coal had been found, bringing excitement to the town. A grand barbecue and picnic in honor of the event was held with Hon. William D. Farthing the committee chairman. 5000 people attended the celebration and had speeches from Gov. Oglesby, US Attorney G. Van Hoorbeke and others.

Odin Coal Co. pays machine men $2.00 per day, shooters the same, loaders 10 cents per day; 50 cents for screened coal and 35 cents for gross-weight coal. One of the customers of Odin CC was University of Illinois. In 1899, UofI board took the following action though.

The action of the committee was confirmed. Mr. Bullard offered the following resolution, which was adopted : WHEREAS, The Board through its Committee on Buildings and Grounds did invite proposals for coal for the university for the year beginning with September 1899; and WHEREAS, On the 16th day of August last bids were opened and the contract for furnishing fuel for the year was awarded to the Odin Coal Company on their proposal of $1.00 per ton for pea coal delivered f. o. b. cars in Champaign or Urbana—the lowest bid which was received—and WHEREAS, The said Odin Coal Company has failed repeatedly to furnish coal of the quantity and quality as stipulated; and WHEREAS, There is no forfeiture or penalty attached for failure to furnish coal by the said Odin Coal Company; therefore, be it Resolved, That the Committee on Buildings and Grounds is hereby instructed to make an additional contract for furnishing coal to the university for said year in such quantity and at such rates as it best can for the interests of the university, so that the university may not be compelled at any time to go into the market and buy coal at local market prices. Mr. Bullard read a proposition from the Sangamon Coal Company offering to furnish the university pea coal, two or three cars a week until April 1, at $1.20 per ton, f. o. b. cars Urbana or Champaign, and on his motion the proposition was accepted. The Secretary was instructed to notify the company of the acceptance of its proposition.

Dangers of the Mine: The mine worked for nine years before they had a fatal accident.

 * In 1895 a windy shot caused an explosion. William Tadlock was killed and several were injured.
 * In 1897, Fred F'elax, a loader in the Odin coal mine, was seriously injured by falling coal and died from the effects of it that same evening. He leaves a widow and four children. He was 48 years of age.
 * In 1898 Charles Denman rode a cage with no guard protection to the top. The cage stopped a little high off the ground landing, it was dark and the lights were very poor. He stepped off and fell back in the shaft 700 feet to his death. His wife Ellie sued Odin CC and was awarded $2000 in 1899.
 * In 1899, William Risinger was killed with a fall of slate.
 * In 1900 Evert Turner, a mule driver, was caught between a prop and a car and was killed.
 * In 1902 Louis Kirgan was killed with a fall of slate.
 * In 1903 Greene Harris was killed also from a fall of slate.
 * 1907 two men were killed within three days, Elmer Shinn was killed from a fall of slate and then Edmond Poole went back on a delayed shot and was killed.
 * From 1907 to 1936 the mine had a national safety record working without a fatal accident.
 * In 1936 James Bradley was killed with a fall of coal and rock. The mine had two bad mule barn fires. The first killing 18 of the 21 mules in 1906. The 1910 mule barn fire did not have any mules die.

From 1907 to 1936 the mine had a national safety record working without a fatal accident. James Bradley was killed in 1936 with a fall of coal and rock. The mine had two bad mule barn fires. The first killing 18 of the 21 mules in 1906. The 1910 mule barn fire did not have any mules die.

The Odin Mine was fully developed by 1902 with a tonnage of 1000 tons per eight hour day employing 200 men. The mine worked above average until 1924 when the old tipple burned. A modern tipple was built in 1925 but the tonnage dropped to 800 tons. By 1930 the depression was on. The coal business was so bad the company could not compete with the mines who had larger shafts and the mine went into receivership in 1936. The mine officially shut down in 1938.

Geography
Odin is located in western Marion County U.S. Route 50 runs through the northern part of the village as Poplar Street, leading east 6 mi to Salem, the county seat, and west 3 mi to Sandoval.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Odin has a total area of 1.0 sqmi, all land. The village is drained to the southwest by tributaries of Turkey Creek, which continues southwest to Crooked Creek, a west-flowing tributary of the Kaskaskia River.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,122 people, 440 households, and 293 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,110.8 PD/sqmi. There were 485 housing units at an average density of 480.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.48% White, 0.62% African American, 0.09% Native American, 0.09% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 0.09% from other races, and 0.53% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.80% of the population.

There were 440 households, out of which 34.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.6% were married couples living together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.2% were non-families. 30.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.92.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 25.2% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 26.0% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 19.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 83.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $32,019, and the median income for a family was $38,400. Males had a median income of $30,147 versus $22,500 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,814. About 8.6% of families and 11.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.3% of those under age 18 and 5.9% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Paul Farthing, Chief Justice of the Illinois Supreme Court; born in Odin
 * Chuck Hawley, player and manager in minor league baseball (1936–1954)
 * Grover Lowdermilk (aka Slim), pitcher with several Major League Baseball teams
 * Lou Lowdermilk, pitcher with the St. Louis Cardinals (1911-1912), also played with the Southern League; mayor of Odin

title: Odin, Illinois


text:
Patoka, Illinois

Patoka is a village in Marion County, Illinois, United States. The population was 525 at the 2020 census.

History
The village was named after a local Native American chieftain.

Geography
Patoka is located in northwestern Marion County at 38.75333°N, -89.09556°W (38.753362, -89.095524). U.S. Route 51 passes through the east side of the village, leading north 15 mi to Vandalia and south 10 mi to Sandoval. Salem, the Marion county seat, is 16 mi to the southeast.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Patoka has a total area of 1.12 sqmi, all land. The village is drained to the west by tributaries of the North Fork, which joins the Kaskaskia River in Carlyle Lake 7 mi west of the village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 633 people, 281 households, and 178 families residing in the village. The population density was 575.5 PD/sqmi. There were 310 housing units at an average density of 281.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.89% White, 0.16% Asian, and 0.95% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.26% of the population.

There were 281 households, out of which 29.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.9% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.3% were non-families. 33.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.87.

Age spread: 25.6% under the age of 18, 6.3% from 18 to 24, 27.3% from 25 to 44, 22.4% from 45 to 64, and 18.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.6 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $28,571, and the median income for a family was $33,917. Males had a median income of $31,458 versus $22,292 for females. The per capita income for the village was $15,382. About 11.6% of families and 13.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.3% of those under age 18 and 14.0% of those age 65 or over.

Economy
The Patoka Oil Terminal is located between Patoka and Vernon. It is an oil hub that connects many oil pipelines, similar to the much larger oil tank farm near Cushing, Oklahoma. Some of the pipelines that connect to this oil tank farm are the Dakota Access Pipeline, the Enbridge Pipeline System, and the Trunkline Pipeline.

Notable people

 * Drew Baldridge (born 1991), country music singer. He was a childhood resident of Patoka before moving to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue a music career.
 * James L. Hull (1873–1928), sailor in the United States Navy and recipient of the Medal of Honor for actions during the Spanish–American War.
 * James Wickersham (1857–1939), Delegate to the United States House of Representatives for Alaska Territory's at-large congressional district during the 61st-64th and 72nd United States Congresses. He was a childhood resident of Patoka.

title: Patoka, Illinois


text:
Sandoval, Illinois

Sandoval is a village in Marion County, Illinois, United States. The population was 1,157 at the 2020 census.

Geography
Sandoval is located in western Marion County. U.S. Route 50 passes through the village center as Missouri Avenue, leading east 9 mi to Salem, the county seat, and west 14 mi to Carlyle. U.S. Route 51 runs through the east side of the village on Mine Street, leading north 24 mi to Vandalia and south 6 mi to Centralia.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Sandoval has a total area of 1.0 sqmi, all land. Prairie Creek, a southwest-flowing tributary Lost Creek, crosses the southeast corner of the village. Via Lost Creek and its outflow to Crooked Creek, Sandoval is part of the Kaskaskia River watershed leading to the Mississippi River.

History
In the early days, this area was the crossroads of well traveled Indian trails. A man with the name of Sandoval was the first to establish a trading post. In 1859 the town of Sandoval was incorporated.

Many civil war soldiers passed through Sandoval, which was also a point for enlistment. The 40th Illinois Infantry was accepted May 25, 1861, and went into camp here August 5. With 700 strong, orders were given to proceed to Illinois Town (East St. Louis), then across the river to Jefferson Barracks. Joined with other troops they went on to Savannah, Tennessee and a permanent camp at Pittsburg Landing. More than ½ the regiment was killed or wounded. This regiment, after other engagements, was with Sherman on his march to the Sea and took part in the Grand Review at Washington D.C.. General Ambrose E. Burnside and his troops were also camped here while on their way to aid General Grant.

Sandoval had two major railroads that crossed through the town. The B & O, running east–west, and the Illinois Central running north–south.

Sandoval is located at the junction of US Highways 50 and 51. At the time the US Highways were numbered, this was the meeting point of the central north–south route with the central east–west route, an equal number of highways being numbered to the north, south, east and west.

US Highway 50 is an extension of the Mason-Dixon line that divided the North from "Dixie".

Sandoval was the population center of the United States for a considerable portion of the 20th Century.

Sandoval's central location in the United States was recognized early on. The town was originally platted as a replacement for Washington, D.C., with space reserved for the White House and other branches of government."

In the 1890s, Sandoval was a sundown town, prohibiting African Americans from entering or living in the town.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,434 people, 562 households, and 396 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,494.0 PD/sqmi. There were 641 housing units at an average density of 667.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.77% White, 0.42% African American, 0.84% Native American, 0.28% Asian, 0.21% from other races, and 0.49% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.98% of the population.

There were 562 households, out of which 38.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.8% were married couples living together, 16.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.4% were non-families. 25.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 30.1% under the age of 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 22.1% from 45 to 64, and 10.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $30,000, and the median income for a family was $35,700. Males had a median income of $29,191 versus $19,833 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,739. About 17.1% of families and 21.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 31.5% of those under age 18 and 8.6% of those age 65 or over.

title: Sandoval, Illinois


text:
Vernon, Illinois

Vernon is a village in Marion County, Illinois, United States. The population was 103 at the 2020 census.

History
The village was established in 1872 by the Illinois Central Railroad. The community is named for one of the railway's auditors, William Vernon.

Vernon is the birthplace of Herbert Ryman, an artist at Walt Disney Studios.

Geography
Vernon is located in northwestern Marion County. U.S. Route 51 passes through the village, leading south 3 mi to Patoka and north 11 mi to Vandalia. Salem, the Marion county seat, is 18 mi to the southeast.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Vernon has a total area of 0.88 sqmi, all land. The village is drained to the south by a tributary of the North Fork, which in turn flows to the Kaskaskia River in Carlyle Lake, 8 mi southwest of the village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 178 people, 77 households, and 46 families residing in the village. The population density was 195.5 PD/sqmi. There were 83 housing units at an average density of 91.1 /mi2. The racial makeup of the village was 98.31% White, 0.56% Native American, and 1.12% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.69% of the population.

There were 77 households, out of which 18.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.8% were married couples living together, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.0% were non-families. 35.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 21.9% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 25.8% from 45 to 64, and 17.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 117.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.8 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $21,667, and the median income for a family was $24,583. Males had a median income of $30,625 versus $16,250 for females. The per capita income for the village was $9,686. About 17.9% of families and 27.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.6% of those under the age of eighteen and 17.4% of those 65 or over.

Economy
The Patoka Oil Terminal is located between Patoka and Vernon. It is an "oil hub" that connects many oil pipelines, similar to the much larger oil tank farm near Cushing, Oklahoma. Some of the pipelines that connect to this oil tank farm are Dakota Access Pipeline, Enbridge Pipeline System, Keystone Pipeline, Trunkline Pipeline.

title: Vernon, Illinois


text:
Walnut Hill, Illinois

Walnut Hill is a village in Marion County, Illinois, United States. The population was 95 at the 2020 census.

History
Walnut Hill was at one time the intersection of two of the main roads in Illinois: the George Rogers Clark Trace, and the Yadda Road.

The original capital of Illinois was at Kaskaskia, 70 mi southwest of present-day Walnut Hill. The overland route from Kaskaskia to the interior of the state followed the Kaskaskia/Big Muddy River divide, which went through Walnut Hill. George Rogers Clark marched through Walnut Hill in February 1779 on his march from Fort Kaskaskia to Fort Vincennes, which resulted in the conquest of Illinois by the army of Virginia.

Traces of the Kaskaskia/Vincennes road can be seen in several short stretches of road in northwestern Jefferson County, which point toward Walnut Hill, ignoring the surveyed Section boundaries. Northeast of Walnut Hill, the Kell Road is a winding, pioneer road up to its intersection with Interstate 57, from which it follows the modern Section lines to Kell.

Walnut Hill was also on the Goshen Road, an early road across Illinois, from Shawneetown to the Goshen Settlement near Glen Carbon. Remnants of the Goshen Road can be seen in short segments of pioneer road between Dix and Walnut Hill. It is possible that construction of the railroad tracks from Dix to Walnut Hill obliterated much of the original Goshen road.

In 1823, Thomas D. Minor built a road from Mount Vernon to Walnut Hill. This was called the "Vandalia Road", in that it connected with roads to the new state capital in Vandalia. The new road joined the Goshen Road just south of Walnut Hill. Today, it is called the "Old Centralia Road". The new road eventually captured much of the traffic on the Goshen Road, since it provided a shorter route across Jefferson County.

The modern road (Walnut Hill Road) running northwest out of Walnut Hill toward Centralia is the same as the Goshen Road as shown on the original survey maps of Illinois.

William Goings Gang
In the early 19th century, William Goings (also spelled Goins) kept a tavern that was presumably on land homesteaded by Goings about two miles south of Walnut Hill in Jefferson County. Goings led a band of robbers known as the "Goings Gang" that preyed on frontier travelers on the Vincennes-St. Louis Trace, a dirt road that was originally an old bison path that extended through southern Illinois. The gang operated a series of connected frontier taverns along this road, passing information on to gang members whenever a traveler worth robbing stopped at one of their taverns. When the unfortunate traveler reached a remote spot, the gang members would assemble and relieve them of their property.

As in other frontier areas, neighboring settlers overlooked this activity until the Goings Gang escalated to murder in 1818–1819. In response, the settlers organized a group of vigilantes or "rangers" who surprised the Goings Gang at Walnut Hill. The gang members were tied to trees, flogged, and ordered to leave the county, an order which all but one obeyed. The following year, the vigilantes returned and cropped the ears of this obstinate gang member, who may have been criminal gang leader William Goings, possibly because they believed he had no use for his ears as he would not listen and cease in his criminal activities. The tavern site of one of the reported gang members, Samuel Young of Marion County, was excavated by archaeologists working for the Illinois Department of Transportation in 1988 prior to its destruction by a highway project

Geography
Walnut Hill is located in southwestern Marion County. Its southern border is the Jefferson County line. The county boundary is the baseline of the Third Principal Meridian, also called the Centralia Baseline. The survey of this area was begun as early as 1804.

Centralia is 7 mi to the northwest of Walnut Hill, and Salem, the Marion county seat, is 14 mi to the northeast. Mount Vernon, the Jefferson county seat, is 14 miles to the southeast.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Walnut Hill has a total area of 0.38 sqmi, all land. To the north of Walnut Hill is Raccoon Creek, a west-flowing tributary of the Kaskaskia River. To the south is the Big Muddy River, a small creek at the northernmost limit of its watershed. Walnut Hill is thus on the Kaskaskia/Big Muddy divide. That divide is a ridge that formed a natural, pioneer highway from Sparta to Kell, perhaps properly called the "Highway to Kell".

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 109 people, 45 households, and 30 families residing in the village. The population density was 294.2 PD/sqmi. There were 50 housing units at an average density of 134.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 99.08% White and 0.92% African American.

There were 45 households, out of which 48.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.8% were married couples living together, 20.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.3% were non-families. 31.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 28.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.90.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 33.0% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 35.8% from 25 to 44, 11.0% from 45 to 64, and 14.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 67.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 58.7 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $21,250, and the median income for a family was $30,625. Males had a median income of $26,250 versus $15,417 for females. The per capita income for the village was $9,025. There were no families and 3.9% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 26.7% of those over 64.

title: Walnut Hill, Illinois


text:
Henry, Illinois

Henry is a city in Marshall County, Illinois, United States. The population was 2,320 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Peoria Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
Henry is named after General James D. Henry and was initially surveyed in 1834. The topography of the land on the west side of the Illinois River, with relatively steep banks rising well above river level, assured early settlers that their homes would not flood.

Its slogan, "Best Town in Illinois by a Dam Site", is derived from the city's distinction of having the first lock and dam built on the Illinois River. It was completed in 1870 at a cost of $400,000.

The retreat house of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Peoria (Nazareth Retreat House, formerly King's House) is located here.

Geography
Henry is located in northern Marshall County at 41.11306°N, -89.36028°W (41.113152, -89.360218). It is bordered to the east by the Illinois River, which forms the boundary with Putnam County. Illinois Route 18 passes through the center of Henry as Third Street and School Street, leading southwest across the Illinois River on the Henry Bridge, then east 28 mi to Streator. Illinois Route 29 passes through the west side of the city, leading north and east 24 mi to Spring Valley and southwest 33 mi to Peoria.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Henry has a total area of 1.87 sqmi, of which 1.80 sqmi are land and 0.07 sqmi, or 3.85%, are water, consisting of the Illinois River and its inlets.

Geomorphology and geology
Henry lies on a segment of a river terrace that is about 14.5 km long and just over 6.5 km wide. This fluvial terrace is underlain by stratified; yellowish brown to grayish brown; calcareous; and usually clean and moderately well sorted sand and gravel with cobbles and boulders. These sands and gravels contain occasional beds of silt and clay and unconformably overlie older sand and gravel deposits, glacial till]], or bedrock. The sands and gravels underlying the terrace on which Henry lies were deposited by the Kankakee Torrent about 19,000 BP calibrated years ago.

Within the Illinois River valley, these sediments typically range from 3 to 24 m thick. These and other Wisconsinan coarse-grained, fluvial sands and gravel within Illinois have been named after the city of Henry and are currently known as the Henry Formation, a geological formation. The parts of the Henry Formation which are of fluvial or glaciofluvial origin are designated as the Mackinaw facies of the Henry Formation. The original exposure from which the Henry Formation was named was a former sand and gravel pit that was located along Illinois Highway 29, 3.2 km north of Henry.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,540 people, 1,014 households, and 678 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,821.3 PD/sqmi. There were 1,085 housing units at an average density of 778.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 97.68% White, 0.51% African American, 0.20% Native American, 0.20% Asian, 0.12% from other races, and 1.30% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.63% of the population.

There were 1,014 households, out of which 29.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.2% were married couples living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.1% were non-families. 29.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the city the population was spread out, with 23.9% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 24.1% from 25 to 44, 23.0% from 45 to 64, and 22.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $40,236, and the median income for a family was $50,375. Males had a median income of $39,919 versus $18,621 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,473. About 5.7% of families and 5.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.5% of those under age 18 and 6.3% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Henry has its own school district, Henry-Senachwine Consolidated Unit School District #5 (CUSD #5), that includes two schools.

 * Henry-Senachwine Grade/Junior High School (grades kindergarten-8th)
 * Henry-Senachwine High School, also referred to as HSHS (grades 9th-12th)

School mascots and colors
The two schools that make up CUSD #5 each have their own mascots: cardinals for the grade/junior high school and mallards for the high school. Both schools use red as the primary school color.

Notable people

 * John P. Cromwell, World War II submarine commander who received Medal of Honor posthumously; born in Henry
 * Richard Widmark, actor; lived in Henry as a child

title: Henry, Illinois


text:
Hopewell, Illinois

Hopewell is a village in Marshall County, Illinois, United States. The population was 421 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Peoria Metropolitan Statistical Area. The village was incorporated in 1983.

Geography
Hopewell is located in southwestern Marshall County at 40.98389°N, -89.45694°W (40.983848, -89.456829). Illinois Route 29 leads north 3 mi from Hopewell to Sparland and south 5 mi to Chillicothe. The village sits on uplands overlooking the Illinois River valley to the east. IL 29, forming the eastern border of the village, runs along the bottom of the 150 ft bluffs forming the western edge of the valley.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Hopewell has a total area of 1.14 sqmi, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 396 people, 140 households, and 123 families residing in the village. The population density was 352.0 PD/sqmi. There were 142 housing units at an average density of 126.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 93.74% White, 5.76% African American, 0.25% Asian, and 0.25% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.01% of the population.

There were 140 households, out of which 34.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 82.9% were married couples living together, 2.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 12.1% were non-families. 9.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and none had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.83 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.7% under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 36.4% from 45 to 64, and 6.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.4 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $63,250, and the median income for a family was $71,250. Males had a median income of $48,250 versus $24,375 for females. The per capita income for the village was $25,143. None of the population or families were below the poverty line.

Cultural references
Although its name was used, Hopewell is not the location used by author Terry Brooks in his fantasy novel Running with the Demon, which was actually based on his hometown of Sterling, Illinois.

Monuments
At the entrance to Hopewell at the top of the hill stands a giant sculpture of the head of a Native American. It belongs to a collection known as the Trail of the Whispering Giants, carved by Hungarian-born artist Peter Wolf Toth, who has created similar sculptures in all fifty U.S. states and some provinces in Canada.

title: Hopewell, Illinois


text:
La Rose, Illinois

La Rose is a village in Bell Plain Township, Marshall County, Illinois, United States. The population was 98 at the 2020 census, down from 144 in 2010. It is part of the Peoria Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
La Rose is located in southeastern Marshall County at 40.98167°N, -89.23667°W (40.9810, -89.2362). Illinois Route 89 runs through the village as Main Street, leading north 4 mi to Varna and southwest 5 mi to Washburn.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, La Rose has a total area of 0.25 sqmi, all land. The North Branch of Crow Creek flows southwesterly past the southern border of the village, part of the Illinois River watershed.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 159 people, 62 households, and 46 families residing in the village. The population density was 722.5 PD/sqmi. There were 63 housing units at an average density of 286.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.48% White, 0.63% Native American, 1.26% from other races, and 0.63% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.26% of the population.

There were 62 households, out of which 30.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.5% were married couples living together, 4.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.2% were non-families. 21.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 25.8% under the age of 18, 10.7% from 18 to 24, 29.6% from 25 to 44, 21.4% from 45 to 64, and 12.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.3 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $46,667, and the median income for a family was $50,000. Males had a median income of $27,500 versus $20,417 for females. The per capita income for the village was $17,480. About 5.2% of families and 10.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 30.8% of those under the age of eighteen and none of those 65 or over.

title: La Rose, Illinois


text:
Lacon, Illinois

Lacon is a city in, and the county seat of, Marshall County, Illinois, United States. It is part of the Peoria Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,878 at the 2020 census, down from 1,937 in 2010.

History
Lacon was named after Laconia, a region of Greece. Lacon was established in 1831 and is the oldest town in Marshall, Putnam, Bureau, and Stark counties. On August, 6 1831, it was laid out as the town of Columbia. The town grew in population after the Black Hawk War.

A Temperance Society was formed July 28, 1836. A Presbyterian Church organized in 1837. A post-office was established in 1837. A newspaper called The Lacon Herald published in December 1837. The name changed from Columbia to Lacon on January 19, 1837. The town expanded with a purchase of an addition on July 3, 1837.

The Marshall County Courthouse was built in 1840 and a county jail in 1844. On June 27, 1842, President Martin Van Buren paid a brief visit to the town.

Lacon was the site of the lynching of F. W. Stewart in 1898.

Geography
Lacon is located in central Marshall County at 41.0239°N, -89.40767°W. It is situated on the east shoreline of the Illinois River.

Illinois Route 17 passes through the city center as Ferry Street, leading west across the Illinois River on the Lacon Bridge into Sparland. Route 17 leads east 20 mi to Wenona and west 21 mi to Wyoming. Illinois Route 26 also runs through the center of Lacon, following Prairie Street. It leads northeast up the Illinois River valley 19 mi to Hennepin and south along the river 28 mi to East Peoria.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Lacon has a total area of 1.641 sqmi, of which 1.6 sqmi are land and 0.041 sqmi, or 2.5%, are water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,979 people, 797 households, and 540 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,233.9 PD/sqmi. There were 852 housing units at an average density of 531.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 80.09% White, 7.10% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.20% Asian, 0.10% from other races, and 0.40% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12.91% of the population.

There were 797 households, out of which 28.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.6% were married couples living together, 7.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.2% were non-families. 28.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.87.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 21.7% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 25.4% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 24.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $40,203, and the median income for a family was $47,670. Males had a median income of $36,250 versus $20,694 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,309. About 3.6% of families and 5.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.2% of those under age 18 and 5.2% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Charles N. Barnes, Illinois politician and lawyer
 * Robert Boal, Illinois politician
 * Lucy Page Gaston, anti-tobacco crusader
 * Valerie Allen Marland, First Lady of West Virginia (1953-1957)
 * Michael P. McCuskey (born 1948), United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of Illinois. He is a past resident of Lacon.
 * Robert V. McGarvey, U.S. National Champion racehorse trainer
 * Nellie Bangs Skelton, composer and pianist
 * Robert Sproull, educator and physicist

title: Lacon, Illinois


text:
Sparland, Illinois

Sparland is a village in Marshall County, Illinois, United States. The population was 366 at the 2020 census, down from 406 in 2010. It is part of the Peoria Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
Sparland is in western Marshall County, on the west side of the Illinois River. The Lacon Bridge carrying Illinois Route 17 connects Sparland with Lacon, the Marshall county seat. IL 17 leads east 22 mi to Wenona and west 21 mi to Wyoming. Illinois Route 29 runs through Sparland as Railroad Street, leading northeast up the Illinois River valley 7 mi to Henry and southwest (downriver) 8 mi to Chillicothe.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Sparland has a total area of 0.57 sqmi, all land. The west side of Sparland is located on a high bluff 175 ft above the Illinois River. From this vantage point there are beautiful views over the Illinois Valley looking east toward Lacon.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 504 people, 185 households, and 143 families residing in the village. The population density was 865.3 PD/sqmi. There were 204 housing units at an average density of 350.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 99.01% White, 0.40% from other races, and 0.60% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.59% of the population.

There were 185 households, out of which 34.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.4% were married couples living together, 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.2% were non-families. 18.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 26.2% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 28.8% from 25 to 44, 21.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 110.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $32,019, and the median income for a family was $36,750. Males had a median income of $24,063 versus $19,028 for females. The per capita income for the village was $13,924. About 3.7% of the families and 5.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.2% of those under age 18 and none of those aged 65 or over.

title: Sparland, Illinois


text:
Toluca, Illinois

Toluca is a city in Marshall County, Illinois, United States. The population was 1,340 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Peoria, Illinois, Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
Toluca is located in eastern Marshall County at 41.00333°N, -89.13333°W (41.003368, -89.133244). Illinois Route 117 passes through the city as Main Street and Santa Fe Avenue, leading north 2 mi to Illinois Route 17 and south 16 mi to Roanoke. Via Route 17, Wenona is 8 mi to the northeast and Lacon, the Marshall county seat, is 16 mi to the west.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Toluca has a total area of 1.06 sqmi, all land. The North Branch of Crow Creek runs through the south side of the city, flowing west to Crow Creek and eventually the Illinois River.

History
Toluca was established in 1887 as a stop on the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway, on land owned by Marshall County native William Twist. In that year, local farmers led by Twist requested that the railroad make Toluca a regular stop. Their request was granted. With the backing of a Chicago firm, a grain elevator was built and maintained by Thomas Colehower of Long Point, Illinois. Colehower built the first house in the area of Toluca now called Old Town. In 1892, the Devlin Coal Company began mining coal at Toluca.

The population of Toluca increased, and by 1894 it was incorporated as a city. Its growth continued, fueled by immigrants from Poland, Italy, and Lithuania who came to work in the coal mines. In 1900, it had approximately 2,629 inhabitants. But by 1924, the coal mines were unprofitable and they closed down. The population shrank drastically as a result.

Miners from Toluca led a mob for the lynching of F. W. Stewart at Lacon on November 7, 1898.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,339 people, 581 households, and 343 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,260.9 PD/sqmi. There were 633 housing units at an average density of 596.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 94.13% White, 5.07% African American, 0.07% Native American, 0.37% Asian, 0.60% from other races, and 0.75% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0% of the population.

There were 581 households, out of which 25.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.7% were married couples living together, 7.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.8% were non-families. 35.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.16 and the average family size was 2.81.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 20.9% under the age of 18, 5.8% from 18 to 24, 25.5% from 25 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 26.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 81.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 78.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $37,072, and the median income for a family was $45,956. Males had a median income of $31,964 versus $23,558 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,243. About 4.8% of families and 6.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.2% of those under age 18 and 5.6% of those age 65 or over.

Notable person

 * Ernani Bernardi, big-band musician and member of the Los Angeles City Council, 1961–93

title: Toluca, Illinois


text:
David Andrade (anarchist)

David Alfred Andrade (30 April 1859 – 23 May 1928) was an Australian individualist and free market anarchist.

Biography
His parents were Abraham Da Costa Andrade and Maria Giles, both from Middlesex, England. His brother William Charles Andrade was an anarchist too. They were active in Joseph Symes's Australasian Secular Association.

In 14 May 1886, David Andrade, his brother Will and half a dozen others formed the Melbourne Anarchist Club, the first anarchist organisation in Australia. Andrade became the club secretary and one of its main propagandists.

The Melbourne Anarchist Club produced the journal Honesty, an Australian organ of anarchism which had substantially the same principles as those championed by Benjamin Tucker's Liberty. In a news agency at Brunswick, now an inner suburb of Melbourne, and later in Liberty Hall, Russell St. Melbourne the brothers operated the first anarchist book shops in Australia. Andrade was a vegetarian and with his brother operated the first vegetarian restaurant in Melbourne.

Andrade's main works include Money: A Study of the Currency Question (1887), Our Social System (n.d.), An Anarchist Plan of Campaign (1888), and The Melbourne Riots and how Harry Holdfast and his Friends Emancipated the Workers (1892).

In the early 1890s, Andrade was the secretary of the Unemployed Workers Association.

He became a settler with his family at Fern Tree Gully. However, bush fires destroyed everything around 1898. He was admitted to the Yarra Bend Asylum, with his wife and four children left without support. On 1 December 1903, he was admitted to the Ballarat Hospital for the Insane. According to hospital records, at the time he was "in good bodily health and suffered from delusional insanity." He became gradually weaker from old age in his final years, and died at the hospital on 23 May 1928. The cause of death was found to be senility and heart failure. He was buried on 25 May at St Kilda Cemetery.

Selected publications

 * Essay on Truth (1880)
 * Money: A Study of the Currency Question (1887)
 * An Anarchist Plan of Campaign (1888)
 * Our Social System (1890)
 * The Melbourne Riots and How Harry Holdfast and his Friends Emancipated the Workers (1892)
 * The Melbourne Riots and How Harry Holdfast and his Friends Emancipated the Workers (1892)

title: David Andrade (anarchist)