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Clay City, Indiana

Clay City is a town in Harrison Township, Clay County, Indiana, United States. The population was 861 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Terre Haute Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
Clay City was originally called Markland, and under the latter name was platted in 1873 when the railroad was extended to that point.

It was originally called "Markland," but that name could not be used because another post office in Indiana used that name. The name "Huntersville" was adopted in honor of U.S. Congressman Morton C. Hunter. The Congressman was not popular in the local area, however, so residents objected to the name, and the name "Clay City" was eventually chosen by a local committee. Clay City is named for Kentucky statesman Henry Clay.

Geography
Clay City is located at 39.27694°N, -87.11194°W (39.277048, -87.112079).

According to the 2010 census, Clay City has a total area of 0.54 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 861 people, 361 households, and 241 families living in the town. The population density was 1594.4 PD/sqmi. There were 436 housing units at an average density of 807.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 99.2% White, 0.1% Asian, and 0.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.7% of the population.

There were 361 households, of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.0% were married couples living together, 13.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.2% were non-families. 29.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.96.

The median age in the town was 39.2 years. 24.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25% were from 25 to 44; 22.9% were from 45 to 64; and 19.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 44.6% male and 55.4% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,019 people, 442 households, and 281 families living in the town. The population density was 1,906.9 PD/sqmi. There were 473 housing units at an average density of 885.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.92% White, 0.10% from other races, and 0.98% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.79% of the population.

There were 442 households, out of which 28.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.1% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.2% were non-families. 33.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 21.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.90.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.6% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 20.7% from 45 to 64, and 19.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.9 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $31,316, and the median income for a family was $36,750. Males had a median income of $31,324 versus $19,479 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,281. About 5.3% of families and 8.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.4% of those under age 18 and 10.2% of those age 65 or over.

title: Clay City, Indiana


text:
Harmony, Indiana

Harmony is a town in Van Buren Township, Clay County, Indiana, United States. The population was 656 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Terre Haute Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
Harmony was platted in 1864, although there had long been a small settlement at the site.

Coal Company Store was listed on the National Register of Historic Places between 1986 and 1992.

Geography
Harmony is located at 39.5354°N, -87.07387°W.

According to the 2010 census, Harmony has a total area of 0.74 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 656 people, 265 households, and 176 families living in the town. The population density was 874.7 PD/sqmi. There were 292 housing units at an average density of 389.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.6% White, 0.8% African American, 0.3% Asian, 0.9% from other races, and 0.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.2% of the population.

There were 265 households, of which 34.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.3% were married couples living together, 13.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.6% were non-families. 30.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.04.

The median age in the town was 38.6 years. 25.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25% were from 25 to 44; 27% were from 45 to 64; and 13.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 45.3% male and 54.7% female.

2000 census
According to the census of 2000, there were 589 people, 241 households, and 160 families living in the town. The population density was 781.0 PD/sqmi. There were 255 housing units at an average density of 338.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.62% White, 0.17% African American, 0.34% Asian, 0.51% from other races, and 1.36% from two or more races.

There were 241 households, out of which 34.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.3% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.6% were non-families. 27.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 28.2% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 22.1% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.1 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $33,438, and the median income for a family was $41,750. Males had a median income of $31,406 versus $21,333 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,276. About 7.2% of families and 8.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.2% of those under age 18 and 8.0% of those age 65 or over.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Harmony, Indiana


text:
Knightsville, Indiana

Knightsville is a town in Van Buren Township, Clay County, Indiana, United States. The population was 872 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Terre Haute Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
Knightsville sprang up in 1867 around an iron furnace which had been built the year before. It was named for Dr. A. W. Knight, the original owner of the town site. The Knightsville post office was established in 1870.

Geography
Knightsville is located at 39.52611°N, -87.09083°W (39.526209, -87.090828).

According to the 2010 census, Knightsville has a total area of 1.04 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 872 people, 274 households, and 207 families living in the town. The population density was 838.5 PD/sqmi. There were 303 housing units at an average density of 291.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 96.6% White, 1.3% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, and 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.7% of the population.

There were 274 households, of which 34.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.7% were married couples living together, 11.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 24.5% were non-families. 20.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 2.95.

The median age in the town was 41.3 years. 20.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26% were from 25 to 44; 25% were from 45 to 64; and 20.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 50.1% male and 49.9% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 624 people, 208 households, and 164 families living in the town. The population density was 611.5 PD/sqmi. There were 232 housing units at an average density of 227.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 99.04% White, 0.32% African American, 0.16% Asian, 0.16% from other races, and 0.32% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.16% of the population.

There were 208 households, out of which 33.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.4% were married couples living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.7% were non-families. 19.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 21.3% under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 25.0% from 25 to 44, 22.3% from 45 to 64, and 25.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 77.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 75.4 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $38,417, and the median income for a family was $40,481. Males had a median income of $28,750 versus $19,643 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,123. About 3.5% of families and 5.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.3% of those under age 18 and 15.7% of those age 65 or over.

title: Knightsville, Indiana


text:
Staunton, Indiana

Staunton is a town in Posey Township, Clay County, Indiana, United States. The population was 534 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Terre Haute Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
Staunton had its start in the year 1851 by the building of the railroad through that territory. The town was named after Staunton, Virginia. During the 1910s all of the elected officials in the town were members of the Socialist Party of America.

In Pop-Culture
The town of Staunton, Indiana is featured as the home of fictional character "Altus Brown" in the children's book "Altus Brown and the Great Sulphur Creek Bike Jump". Author E. Michael Brown grew up in the town in the 70s and 80s and wrote the book as a tribute to the magic of small-town living and all the characters that reside there.

Geography
Staunton is located at 39.48722°N, -87.18833°W (39.487302, -87.188251).

According to the 2010 census, Staunton has a total area of 0.34 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 534 people, 199 households, and 146 families living in the town. The population density was 1525.7 PD/sqmi. There were 224 housing units at an average density of 640.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.3% White, 1.5% from other races, and 0.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.1% of the population.

There were 199 households, of which 40.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.3% were married couples living together, 10.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 26.6% were non-families. 20.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.10.

The median age in the town was 36.6 years. 29.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 28.7% were from 25 to 44; 25.1% were from 45 to 64; and 11.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 50.2% male and 49.8% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 550 people, 198 households, and 152 families living in the town. The population density was 1,614.0 PD/sqmi. There were 217 housing units at an average density of 636.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.55% White, 0.55% Asian, and 0.91% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.55% of the population.

There were 198 households, out of which 37.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.7% were married couples living together, 10.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.2% were non-families. 19.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.78 and the average family size was 3.19.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 30.2% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 28.4% from 25 to 44, 20.5% from 45 to 64, and 12.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.6 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $38,750, and the median income for a family was $43,125. Males had a median income of $31,500 versus $20,893 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,192. About 3.4% of families and 6.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.4% of those under age 18 and 4.8% of those age 65 or over.

title: Staunton, Indiana


text:
Colfax, Indiana

Colfax is a town in Perry Township, Clinton County, Indiana, United States. The population was 691 at the 2010 census. The town was originally known as Midway since it was a half-way point on the IC&L Railroad between Chicago & Louisville. Railways intersected North/South & East/West making Colfax a popular transfer destination. The town was renamed to honor Vice President Schuyler Colfax in 1857.

History
Colfax was laid out in 1849 by Montgomery Stroud. It was originally named Midway for its position between Chicago and Louisville along the IC&L railroad. In 1853 the town gained a post office named Colfax, and in December 1857 the name of the town itself became Colfax, by petition of the residents. By 1861 the town had two churches, two general stores, a hotel, a saw mill and approximately 200 residents.

An incorporation election held December 25, 1869, resulted in 24 yeas and 1 no. The town had 187 residents in 1870, but with the construction of the Vandalia railroad through town in 1870-71 it grew quickly and by 1880 had a population of 638.

The Colfax Carnegie Library and Rosenberger Building are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
According to the 2010 census, Colfax has a total area of 0.36 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 691 people, 268 households, and 194 families living in the town. The population density was 1919.4 PD/sqmi. There were 322 housing units at an average density of 894.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 96.1% White, 0.4% African American, 0.7% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 2.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.2% of the population.

There were 268 households, of which 37.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.7% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 27.6% were non-families. 23.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.01.

The median age in the town was 40.1 years. 25.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.1% were from 25 to 44; 26.6% were from 45 to 64; and 15.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 47.2% male and 52.8% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 768 people, 286 households, and 205 families living in the town. The population density was 2,118.9 PD/sqmi. There were 305 housing units at an average density of 841.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 99.87% White and 0.13% Asian. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.69% of the population.

There were 286 households, out of which 36.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.8% were married couples living together, 7.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.3% were non-families. 23.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family size was 3.18.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 29.3% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 29.7% from 25 to 44, 21.1% from 45 to 64, and 12.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.9 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $42,688, and the median income for a family was $44,514. Males had a median income of $31,792 versus $28,000 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,482. About 6.7% of families and 7.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.5% of those under age 18 and 10.1% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The town has a free lending library, the Colfax-Perry Township Public Library.

title: Colfax, Indiana


text:
Frankfort, Indiana

Frankfort is a city in Clinton County, Indiana, United States. It had a population of 16,715 as of the 2020 census. The city is the county seat of Clinton County.

History
Brothers John, William and Nicholas Pence, previously of Warren County, Ohio, settled on the land on which Frankfort now stands in 1829, having entered it from the government in 1827 and 1828. In 1830, the brothers donated 60 acre of the land to the county commissioners, a donation which led to the establishment of the county seat at that site rather than in Jefferson, a community which had also been vying for the honor. The new town was named Frankfort at the brothers' request and honors their German great-grandparents' home of Frankfurt am Main.

The town of Frankfort was laid off on the 60 acre tract by William Douglass, the county agent, and the plat filed on June 8, 1830. The original plat consisted of 64 lots in eight blocks surrounding a public square where the courthouse now stands. The county board paid contractors Allen & Michael the sum of $20 to erect the first courthouse, a $1 1/2$-story temporary structure made of logs hewn from trees that grew on the square and surrounding streets. Its replacement was built by contractor John Elder in 1837 and 1838 for $12,000 and operated for 45 years. Indianapolis architect George W. Bunting in 1881 designed the third courthouse, a 165 ft tall structure built of Indiana limestone by contractors Farman & Pearce for approximately $200,000. Its cornerstone was laid September 2, 1882.

The youngest elected mayor of Frankfort was Robert Keene at the age of 21 when he took office in January 1922 just one month prior to the fire at Old Stoney on February 24, 1922. At the time of the fire, Old Stoney was used as the high school. Today, Old Stoney is used as City Hall.

In addition to Old Stoney, the Christian Ridge Historic District, Clinton County Courthouse, Charles H. and Emma Condon House, Frankfort Commercial Historic District, and South Frankfort Historic District are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
According to the 2010 census, Frankfort has a total area of 6.31 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 16,422 people, 5,835 households, and 3,972 families living in the city. The population density was 2602.5 PD/sqmi. There were 6,551 housing units at an average density of 1038.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 71.9% White, 0.6% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 13.1% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 27.0% of the population.

There were 5,835 households, of which 38.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.0% were married couples living together, 14.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 31.9% were non-families. 26.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.26.

The median age in the city was 33.5 years. 28.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.4% were from 25 to 44; 22.8% were from 45 to 64; and 13.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.3% male and 50.7% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 16,662 people, 6,279 households, and 4,175 families living in the city. The population density was 3,240.5 PD/sqmi. There were 6,682 housing units at an average density of 1,299.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 70.08% White, 0.47% African American, 0.16% Native American, 0.28% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 7.84% from other races, and 1.14% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 20.53% of the population.

There were 6,279 households, out of which 33.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.5% were married couples living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.5% were non-families. 28.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. In the city, the population was spread out, with 27.0% under the age of 18, 10.9% from 18 to 24, 27.3% from 25 to 44, 19.1% from 45 to 64, and. 15.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $33,275, and the median income for a family was $42,686. Males had a median income of $32,092 versus $23,722 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,393. About 8.8% of families and 11.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.1% of those under age 18 and 10.9% of those age 65 or over.

Airport
Frankfort is served by the Frankfort Municipal Airport.

Highways
U.S. 421 and Indiana state routes 28, 39 and 75 converge in the city. Interstate 65 is a short distance to the west of Frankfort.

Rail
The city is at the junction of several rail lines. The Monon Railroad (The Hoosier and the Tippecanoe Chicago-Indianapolis trains), New York, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad (Nickel Plate) (The Blue Arrow and the Blue Dart St. Louis-Cleveland trains) and the Pennsylvania Railroad (The Kentuckian [Chicago-Indianapolis] and South Wind [Chicago-Miami/Tampa/St. Petersburg] trains) ran passenger trains through the city. Successor railroads such as CSX and Norfolk Southern have the tracks or right of ways of the routes today.

Notable people

 * Charles Aidman, film and television actor.
 * Anthony Caruso, film and television actor.
 * Everett Case, school basketball coach
 * Kyle Cook band member: Matchbox Twenty and The New Left
 * Reuben W. Coon, Illinois state legislator, newspaper editor, and lawyer
 * Jim Davis, legislator
 * Harry Endicott, racing driver
 * Will Geer, film and stage actor
 * Rana Foroohar, financial reporter for Time
 * Mahlon D. Manson, Union Army brigadier general
 * Linley E. Pearson, 37th Indiana Attorney General
 * Harold Shaw, racing driver
 * John Stonebraker, NFL player
 * James P. Ulm, U.S. Air Force brigadier general
 * Talitha Washington, mathematician at Howard University

Education
Public
 * Community Schools of Frankfort

In the fall of 2013 Ivy Tech opened a campus in Frankfort on a site that once housed The Frankfort Times, the local newspaper.

The city has a free lending library, the Frankfort Community Public Library.

title: Frankfort, Indiana


text:
Kirklin, Indiana

Kirklin is a town in Kirklin Township, Clinton County, Indiana, United States. The population was 788 at the 2010 census. The town was named for Nathan Kirk, a local pioneer settler.

History
Nathan Kirk, the first white settler in eastern Clinton County, laid out the town of Kirklin in the early 1830s, the original plat consisting a row of seven blocks on either side of the Michigan Road (Main Street). An addition filed on October 24, 1836, added blocks to the east, west and south sides of the original plat. Edward Miller established the first general store in a log building and William Wynkoop built the first hotel; other early businesses included Hiram Dougherty's cabinet shop, James Hollcraft's bar, John Heffner's blacksmith shop, Columbus Kemp's tannery and M. Z. Saylor (physician).

A total of 224 residents signed a petition to incorporate Kirklin, and an election held April 1, 1876, unanimously approved incorporation. On June 8, 1876, the county commissioners declared the town of Kirklin incorporated.

In the early 20th century, Kirklin held horse shows and street fairs along its brick-paved Main Street.

Kirklin was also commonly known as Kirk's Cross Roads.

The Kirklin Public Library was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

Geography
According to the 2010 census, Kirklin has a total area of 0.34 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 788 people, 288 households, and 205 families living in the town. The population density was 2317.6 PD/sqmi. There were 321 housing units at an average density of 944.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.5% White, 0.1% African American, 0.1% Asian, 0.5% from other races, and 0.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.3% of the population.

There were 288 households, of which 42.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.0% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 9.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 28.8% were non-families. 24.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.20.

The median age in the town was 34.1 years. 31.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.3% were from 25 to 44; 25% were from 45 to 64; and 10.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 49.6% male and 50.4% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 766 people, 301 households, and 204 families living in the town. The population density was 2,371.2 PD/sqmi. There were 321 housing units at an average density of 993.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 96.61% White, 0.39% Native American, 0.39% Asian, 2.35% from other races, and 0.26% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.35% of the population.

There were 301 households, out of which 33.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.8% were married couples living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.9% were non-families. 25.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.08.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.2% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 32.0% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 11.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $39,167, and the median income for a family was $41,000. Males had a median income of $31,976 versus $22,656 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,633. About 7.4% of families and 12.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.3% of those under age 18 and 4.9% of those age 65 or over.

title: Kirklin, Indiana


text:
Metropolis (comics)

Metropolis is a fictional city appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, best known as the home of Superman and his closest allies and some of his foes. First appearing by name in Action Comics #16 (Sept. 1939), Metropolis is depicted as a prosperous and massive city in the Northeastern United States, in close proximity to Gotham City. In recent years, it has been stated to be located in New York.

The co-creator and original artist of Superman, Joe Shuster, modeled the Metropolis skyline after Toronto, where he was born and lived until he was ten. Since then, however, the look and feel of Metropolis has been greatly influenced by New York City.

Within the DC Universe, Metropolis is depicted as being one of the largest and wealthiest cities in the world, having a population of 11 million citizens.

In addition to Superman, the city has also been home to other superheroes, such as Booster Gold and Black Lightning.

Creation

Like many other fictional cities in DC Comics, the location of Metropolis has varied over the years but is usually portrayed as a major city in the Northeast, sharing various qualities with New York City. Superman co-creator Joe Shuster moved to Cleveland at age ten, where he met co-creator and Ohio native Jerry Siegel.

Originally intending to sell the Superman strips to a Cleveland newspaper, they decided to set the stories there, but when the strips were re-used for the comic books, they changed the location to the fictional Metropolis. Shuster was quoted as having modeled his Metropolis cityscape on that of his hometown, Toronto, and in the early versions of Superman, Clark Kent worked for a newspaper called the Daily Star, modeled after the real-life Toronto Star. Action Comics #2, however, mistakenly portrays Clark Kent as a reporter for the Cleveland Evening News.

Geography
In Superman #2 (Fall 1939), Metropolis was actually placed in the U.S. state of New York, making it the earliest specific reference to the location of Metropolis. In that issue, Clark Kent (Superman) sends a telegram to George Taylor, the editor of the Daily Star (the antecedent to the Daily Planet), addressed to "Metropolis, N.Y."

In the 1940s Superman cartoons, produced by Paramount Pictures, Fleischer Studios and Famous Studios, Superman is said to live on the island of Manhattan. In the seventh cartoon of the series, Electric Earthquake (1942), a Native American mad scientist claims that his people are the rightful owners of Manhattan, thus placing these cartoons on the island. In the fifth cartoon in the series, The Bulleteers (1942), the name of the city is identified as Metropolis, as the Bulleteers address in that cartoon the population of Superman's city as "citizens of Metropolis"; and in the thirteenth cartoon Destruction, Inc. (1942), Metropolis is even seen spelled out twice on the Metropolis Munition Works.

In a 1970s edition of "Ask the Answer Man", a column that ran occasionally in DC publications, it was stated that Metropolis and Gotham City were adjacent to New York City; across the harbor from each other. That same column stated that Green Arrow's home, Star City, was in Connecticut, Flash's Central City was in Ohio, and Hawkman's Midway City was in Michigan. An earlier issue of DC's fanzine Amazing World of DC Comics, however, stated that Metropolis was located in Delaware, while Gotham was placed in New Jersey. The 1990 Atlas of the DC Universe role playing game supplement, published by Mayfair Games, states that Metropolis is in Delaware.

In June 1976, Superman #300 featured an out-of-canon story about the infant Kal-El arriving on Earth in that year, triggering an increase in Cold War tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union. In that story's version of the year 2001, passing reference is made to the merging of the eastern seaboard cities from Boston to Washington, D.C., into a "newly incorporated urban center" called "Metropolis".

In his 1978 work, The Great Superman Book, an encyclopedia of the first forty years of the Superman comics, author Michael Fleisher cites many examples which demonstrate that Metropolis equates with New York City. The most blatant of these might be the statement he cites from Action Comics #143 (April 1950), which states that the Statue of Liberty stands in "Metropolis Harbor". The Statue of Liberty, in fact, stands in New York Harbor.

In the pre-Crisis on Infinite Earths comics, Smallville was often shown as being within driving distance of Metropolis, although with no definitive location. John Byrne's 1986 revamp of Superman cited the city as being in Kansas.

The 1992 "Death of Superman" storyline depicts Doomsday on a path from Ohio through the state of New York, ending in Metropolis, and the 2005 comic Countdown to Infinite Crisis also places Metropolis in the state of New York.

The 2003 DC Comics/Marvel Comics crossover mini-series JLA/Avengers depicts the city as along the multi-state Interstate 95, which is the main highway on the East Coast of the United States, and portrays the corresponding location in the Marvel Universe as forests and fields, explaining that Marvel's Earth and DC's Earth have different surface areas to account for their different geography (no Metropolis on Marvel's Earth, no Latveria on DC's Earth, and so on).

On the television series Superman: The Animated Series, the second part of the episode titled "Little Girl Lost" depicts Darkseid's minion using a machine hidden in or around Metropolis to attempt to pull a comet into the earth. The beam from that machine is depicted originating from the area of the mid-western United States where Kansas is located. In the second part of the episode "Last Son of Krypton" when Lois is introduced to Clark Kent, she is told he is from Smallville, she replies "Smallville? Never heard of it", prompting Clark Kent to ask her if she had ever been to Kansas. Lois replies "God No!" while turning her head in a sign of visible disgust.

Frank Miller has said that "Metropolis is New York in the daytime; Gotham City is New York at night." Gotham City is home to Batman, whose activities are more often nocturnal, while Metropolis is home to Superman, who usually operates during the day. In terms of atmosphere, Batman writer and editor Dennis O'Neil has said that, figuratively, "Batman's Gotham City is Manhattan below 14th Street at eleven minutes past midnight on the coldest night in November, and Metropolis is Manhattan between 14th and 110th Streets on the brightest, sunniest July day of the year". New York City has been more recently used as a locale in the DC Universe, like the Marvel Universe, in which it exists as a separate city from Metropolis and Gotham City. The Justice Society of America, for example, is based in New York, as were the Teen Titans.

In relation to Gotham City
Metropolis is frequently depicted as being within driving distance of Gotham City, home of Batman. This happens, for example, in the three-issue 1990 mini-series of World's Finest Comics by Dave Gibbons, Steve Rude, and Karl Kesel. The distance between the two cities has varied greatly over the years, ranging from being hundreds of miles apart to Gotham and Metropolis being twin cities on opposite sides of Delaware Bay, with Metropolis in Delaware and Gotham City being in New Jersey.

In Bronze Age stories that depicted Metropolis and Gotham City as twin cities, the Metro-Narrows Bridge was said to be the main route connecting Metropolis to Gotham City. Stated as being the longest suspension bridge in the world, the Metro-Narrows Bridge is likely based on the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge, which stretches between Staten Island and Brooklyn in New York City.

In The World's Greatest Superheroes newspaper comic strip, a 1978 Sunday strip shows a map of the east coast of the United States; the map places Metropolis in Delaware and Gotham City across Delaware Bay in New Jersey, with the Metro-Narrows Bridge linking the two cities. A similar map appeared in The New Adventures of Superboy #22 (October 1981), with Smallville shown within driving distance of both cities (in post-Crisis comics, Smallville was officially relocated to Kansas). 1990's The Atlas of the DC Universe also places Metropolis in Delaware and Gotham City in New Jersey.

However, the exact location of the two cities has varied. A map of the United States in the Secret Files & Origins Guide to the DC Universe 2000 depicts Metropolis and Gotham City (alongside Blüdhaven) as being somewhere in the tri-state area.

In the TV series Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman, when Lois finds out about Superman's secret identity and yells at Clark about how he's been hiding his secretly being Superman, he responds, "A little louder, Lois. I don't think they could hear you in Gotham City." In the TV series Smallville, Linda Lake, a columnist for the Daily Planet, once boasted that she could see Gotham City from her new office. In Superman: The Animated Series, Bruce Wayne is shown taking his private jet aircraft to Metropolis, indicating that the two cities have at least some distance between them.

In the 2016 film Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, director Zack Snyder confirmed that Metropolis and Gotham City would be portrayed as geographically situated right next to each other, on the opposite sides of a bay, similar to Jersey City and Manhattan.

History
A Native American tribe sold Metropolis Island to the first European settlers in 1644, similar to the history of New York City, in which Native Americans sold Manhattan Island to Dutch settlers in 1626.

Features
Over the years, Metropolis' features have greatly changed in the comics; however, Metropolis is always presented as being a global city. It is often referred to as "The Big Apricot" just as New York City is nicknamed "The Big Apple". It is commonly portrayed as having an Art Deco style of architecture, much like New York City. The skyline and many of the notable landmarks in Metropolis are based on real-life landmarks in New York City. Frank Miller has said that "Metropolis is New York in the daytime; Gotham City is New York at night."

Metropolis' features became more defined and more obviously based on New York following both 1985's Crisis on Infinite Earths miniseries and John Byrne's subsequent revamping of Superman, including the late 1980s comic special The World of Metropolis.

According to Action Comics #143 (April 1950), the Statue of Liberty is said to stand in "Metropolis Harbor", while the real-life Statue of Liberty stands in New York Harbor. However, most stories indicate the Statue of Liberty is actually in New York City, which also exists in the DC Universe as a separate city from Metropolis.

The map of Metropolis designed for Mayfair Games' first edition of the DC Heroes Role-Playing Game resembled that of Manhattan.

Districts and boroughs
Metropolis is made up of six boroughs, the largest being New Troy. Each of the boroughs has its own distinct character and feel, which resemble and mimic New York City's boroughs.

New Troy
New Troy is the largest borough in Metropolis. Resembling Manhattan, New Troy is a skyscraper island bustling with commerce and business. The concrete and steel canyons of the city rise to dizzying heights. "1930s architecture stretched like a rubber band" as cited in the Art of Superman Returns book.

The Daily Planet Building is the most recognizable landmark in the Metropolis skyline, much like the Empire State Building for New York City. Located in "Planet Square", it is particularly known for the Daily Planet globe atop the building. Other prominent skyscrapers include the Emperor Building (a reference to the Empire State Building), the Newstime Building (home of the national Newstime magazine, a reference to and combination of Newsweek and Time) which is secretly owned for several years by Lord Satanus posing as "Colin Thornton", and the Twin Towered LexCorp Tower, (a reference to the former twin towers of the World Trade Center), headquarters for Lex Luthor's company.

Besides the Financial District, notable areas of New Troy include:
 * Chinatown - Metropolis' Asian District.
 * Little Bohemia - The arts capital of Metropolis and a reference to Little Italy and Greenwich Village in Manhattan.
 * Glenmorgan Square - An area that is based on Times Square.

Famous streets in New Troy include Fifth Avenue, Bessolo Boulevard, and Topaz Lane. The latter two are Metropolis' versions of Broadway in New York City. Bessolo Boulevard's name is derived from Adventures of Superman lead actor George Reeves' legal name before entering films. Other Metropolis boulevards in the New Troy borough are similarly named for other actors from that series and from its radio predecessor of the same name, such as Coates, Larson, and Collyer.

Centennial Park (sometimes labeled as Metropolis Park) is Metropolis' largest city park and is based on real life Central Park of New York City. Its most noteworthy feature is a statue of Superman with an American bald eagle erected after his apparent death fighting Doomsday. A statue of Superboy (Conner Kent) was built next to it after the events of Infinite Crisis.

In 1990s and 2000s stories, the married Clark Kent and Lois Lane live in an apartment in New Troy, at 1938 Sullivan Lane, which is a tribute to the year Superman first appeared. The apartment was a wedding gift to the couple by Bruce Wayne, who owned the building. Clark Kent's traditional address of 344 Clinton Street, Apartment 3D, was usually described as being located in midtown Metropolis.

Suicide Slum
In northwestern New Troy is the impoverished and crime-infested neighborhood of Suicide Slum, best known for the 1940s adventures of the Guardian and his street urchin companions the Newsboy Legion and in more contemporary times with Gangbuster. Although the northwestern location is similar to the relationship of Harlem to midtown Manhattan, the neighborhood bears more physical and cultural resemblance to Manhattan's Lower East Side. The Ace o' Clubs is a bar owned by Bibbo Bibbowski in Suicide Slum.

Other locations in New Troy
Other notable places and their NYC inspirations in New Troy include:

 * Wireless City Movie Theater - A spoof of Radio City Music Hall.
 * Metropolis International Airport - A spoof of LaGuardia Airport
 * Halldorf Hotel - A spoof of Waldorf Astoria.
 * Lacey's Department Store - A spoof of Macy's.
 * Stacey's Department Store - Another homage of Macy's
 * Spiffany's Jewelry Store - A spoof of Tiffany's.

Boroughs and suburbs
New Troy is separated from the suburban boroughs by the West River and Hobb's River, based on New York's East River and Hudson River, respectively.

Midvale
Midvale is a suburb of Metropolis, more well known as the home of Supergirl and the site of the Midvale Orphanage prior to the events of Crisis on Infinite Earths. It is located 60 miles northwest of Metropolis.

Bakerline
Bakerline is another borough of Metropolis. Located north of New Troy, Bakerline is the home of newspaper reporter Jimmy Olsen and appears to be based on The Bronx in New York City.

Other boroughs and suburbs
Other boroughs and suburban areas, almost all of which are based on real places in New York City, include Queensland Park (a reference to Queens), Hell's Gate (a reference to Hell Gate Bridge), St. Martin's Island (a reference to Staten Island), Park Ridge (a reference to Park Slope), Metrodale, and Highville.

Cultural, educational, and research institutions
In the Silver Age and Bronze Age comics, a major Metropolis landmark is the Superman Museum. The Superman Museum features various exhibits dedicated to Metropolis' favorite superhero, similar to the Flash Museum in Central City. The Museum's exhibits were responsible for the origin of the Composite Superman. Members of the criminal organization the 100 at one point secretly used the Superman Museum as their base of operations, which was discovered by the superhero Black Lightning and his nemesis the Whale. Superman, under the effects of hypnosis, once went on a rampage and wrecked several pieces at the museum. The Superman Museum, like the Flash Museum, is also usually shown as existing well into the Legion of Super-Heroes' era, as shown in various stories and the 2000s television series Legion of Super Heroes.

The central branch of S.T.A.R. Labs, a major scientific research institution, is also located in Metropolis.

The Metropolis Museum of Natural History was featured in the film Superman Returns.

Education
Metropolis University, Clark Kent's alma mater, is located in the city of Metropolis; Clark graduated with a degree in journalism. The college has a floating aquarium anchored just offshore called the "Ark".

Other landmarks, institutions and businesses

 * 1) Centennial Hotel - Offers world-class cuisine and an observation deck with views across Centennial Park.
 * 2) Centennial Park - Activities in the wooded acres include horseback riding, boating, and golfing.
 * 3) 1938 Sullivan - Owned by Wayne Enterprises, Lois Lane and Clark Kent's apartment building is one of the city's oldest buildings.
 * 4) University of Metropolis - Clark Kent's alma mater, this Ivy League institution boasts well-respected schools of journalism, law, and business.
 * 5) S.T.A.R. Labs - The Metropolis arm of the privately owned scientific think-tank founded by Dr. Garrison Slate.
 * 6) Steelworks - John Henry Irons' foundry in the Old Hook Basin district of Suicide Slum includes a variety of advanced technology to aid Superman.
 * 7) Suicide Slum - Despite being razed and renovated by Brainiac 13, Suicide Slum, where Bibbo has his Ace O' Clubs bar, is still a sink of crime and poverty.
 * 8) Special Crimes Unit Precinct - Metropolis' S.C.U's upgraded headquarters houses offices, armories, and holding cells.
 * 9) Stryker's Island Penitentiary - The ultimate maximum security prison possesses high-tech detention facilities designed to accommodate the most powerful metahuman villains. Located near New Troy's West River.
 * 10) Union Station - Location in the heart of the city, Union Station links the national railroad network to Metropolis' unique "Rail Whale" commuter grid.
 * 11) Metropolis City Hospital - The state-of-the-art medical center maintains a privileges-sharing program with S.T.A.R. Labs.
 * 12) Jules Verne Extra-Terrestrial Museum - The museum exhibits artifacts from alien worlds and presents guest lectures by interplanetary heroes.
 * 13) Lena Luthor Science Explorarium - Technological advances abound this interactive museum.
 * 14) City Hall - The administrative center of Metropolis has mayoral, governmental, and emergency services offices.
 * 15) S.A.I. Dam - Hydroelectric waterworks control the flow of the twin rivers and the recycling of the city reservoir.
 * 16) Hypersector - The business and financial center of Metropolis.
 * 17) Hotel Metropolis - Five-star luxury accommodation located amid the heart of Downtown.
 * 18) Shuster Hall - Metropolis' premier theater has been in service since 1938.
 * 19) GBS Building - The corporate hub of Galaxy Communications' media conglomerate.
 * 20) Daily Planet Building - The home of the respected, globally circulated newspaper. The Daily Planet Building, with its distinctive hologram globe, is one of the city's most important landmarks.
 * 21) Metropolis Museum of Art - Galleries include important historical and contemporary artistic works.
 * 22) LexCorp Towers - Designed to form a double L, Lex Luthor's 307-story citadels (with robot sentries and mutable glass windows) are Metropolis tallest skyscraper.

Industry
LexCorp, founded by Lex Luthor, is interested in all aspects of technology, communication, medical science, technical science, architectural engineering, future technology, and more.

Steelworks is the laboratory of Dr. John Henry Irons and in post-Crisis, it came to rival LexCorp as its reach expanded into many different industries. John Henry renamed Steelworks Ironworks to further himself from his superhero life as Steel.

Mayors
At least four mayors are considered part of Metropolis' history:

 * Mayor Frank Berkowitz - Mayor Frank Berkowitz began his term prior to Superman's first known public meeting with Lex Luthor as depicted in the Man of Steel #4 mini-series by John Byrne. Superman was given a choice: join Luthor and receive a generous check from him as first payment for his services, or arrest Luthor for the events in #4 as Berkowitz asked him to. Superman's decision made Lex Luthor his deadliest enemy to this day. Some years later, Frank Berkowitz was killed by a sniper hired by Lex Luthor.
 * Mayor Frank Berkowitz appeared in the Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman episode "The Man of Steel Bars" portrayed by Sonny Bono. In different points of this episode, Mayor Berkowitz made references to the titles of the songs that his actor performed with Cher. He talked about the Metropolis heat wave in November when scientists suspected that Superman was responsible when it was secretly a factory owned by Lex Luthor that was emitting large amounts of heat. Once Superman fixed up the factory upon Lois begging on TV for Superman to return, Mayor Berkowitz noticed the temperature change as Lex Luthor uses a loophole to keep himself from getting incriminated.
 * Mayor "Buck" Sackett - "Buck" Sackett was elected as Berkowitz's successor. He was covertly Lex Luthor's "puppet".
 * Mayor Fleming - Mayor Fleming is an African-American female who has been introduced in Nick Spencer's Jimmy Olsen back-ups. She chose Jimmy Olsen and Sebastien Mallory to show the Dalwythians around the city.
 * Mayor Rob Morrisroe - Mayor Rob Morrisroe is the mayor of Metropolis in the first issue of Superman (vol. 3), as of DC's 2011 New 52 reboot.

Metropolis Police Department
The Metropolis Police Department headed by Commissioner David Corporon possesses a Special Crimes Unit dedicated to defending the city against superhuman menaces in case Superman is absent. The unit is headed by Maggie Sawyer and Dan Turpin, both of whom maintain frequent contact with the Man of Steel. Another of Superman's police contacts over the years has been Inspector William Henderson, who is currently the Metropolis police commissioner. The police unit is featured in a 1994–1995 limited series, Metropolis SCU. At some point during the missing year following Infinite Crisis, the division of the Metropolis Police Department dedicated to superhuman crime was renamed the Science Police, seemingly a reference to the similarly named group in the Legion of Super-Heroes' 31st Century.

Stryker's Island Penitentiary (based on New York's Riker's Island) is the name of Metropolis' largest prison facility, as well as the name of the island on which it sits; it is located in Metropolis' West River south of New Troy (the real-life Riker's Island sits in the East River, connected by a foot and vehicle bridge to the nearby borough of Queens, although the island itself and its jail complex are technically and officially part of The Bronx).

Metropolis Fire Department
Post-Crisis, Fireman Farrell is shown to be a member of the Metropolis fire department. As of Batman & Superman: World's Finest #4 (July 1999), Farrell is now a captain in the Metropolis FD.

Media
Metropolis' premier newspaper is the Daily Planet, one of the most renowned news organizations in the DC Universe. The city is also home to the national Newstime magazine, where Clark Kent held the position of editor during the Eradicator story arc until he was fired by his superior, Collin Thornton, in The Adventures of Superman #465, for his increasingly strange behavior due to the Eradicator (including firing of some employees).

Other major media located in Metropolis include WGBS-TV, flagship station of the Galaxy Broadcasting System (GBS) television network, both subsidiaries of media conglomerate Galaxy Communications. Popular shows included The Midnight Show Starring Johnny Nevada (a fictional version of NBC's The Tonight Show, with Johnny Nevada being an analogue of Johnny Carson).

Between the early 1970s and mid-1980s, both Clark Kent and Lois Lane worked for WGBS after Galaxy Communications purchased the Daily Planet in a 1971 storyline, with Clark as the anchorman for the WGBS evening news. He was eventually joined by Lana Lang as a co-anchor. After John Byrne's revamp of Superman's origins, though, Clark and Lois were reverted to working at the Daily Planet once again. Galaxy Broadcasting and WGBS-TV still exist post-Crisis, however, and are usually used in any story where a television station or network is needed or shown. Post-Crisis, Clark, Lois and Lana never worked for the station. During the 1990s however, both Jimmy Olsen and Cat Grant did work there.

People and culture
The people of Metropolis are depicted as a diverse group of large city-dwellers within the comics. They live in one of the world's largest, wealthiest, and most important cities.

Sports
As befitting any world city, Metropolis is represented by teams in all major-league sports. Like New York City, it is home to two teams in baseball and football. Of the two baseball teams, the Metropolis Monarchs are Clark Kent's favorite, while the other team, the Metropolis Meteors, is mentioned in 52 as having a rivalry with the St. Louis Cardinals.

In American football, Metropolis is home to the Metropolis Metros and the Metropolis Meteors. The latter football team (sharing the same name as the above baseball team) once featured Steve Lombard as its star quarterback. On the TV show Smallville, there is a football team called the Metropolis Sharks.

The city is also home to the Metropolis Generals basketball team, who play in Shuster Sports Arena, presumably named for Superman co-creator Joe Shuster.

Professional ice hockey is also present in Metropolis; its NHL team is the Metropolis Mammoths.

Several sports stadiums have been mentioned over the years. One such stadium is Metropolis Stadium, which was built in 1940. (Pre-Crisis, Metropolis Stadium had an Earth-Two counterpart, which was named "Sportsman's Stadium".) This was perhaps influenced by the real-life Sportsman's Park in St. Louis, for many years the shared home of baseball's St. Louis Cardinals and St. Louis Browns.

Legion-Era Metropolis
Metropolis is traditionally depicted as continuing to survive, thrive and expand well into the 30th- and 31st-century timeframes used as the backdrop of the Legion of Super-Heroes in all that series' varied incarnations to date.

During the original incarnation of the series, Metropolis would be depicted as covering anything ranging from the entire Atlantic American coast to a more narrowed jurisdiction – according to one map officially published during Paul Levitz and Keith Giffen's initial partnership on the series, in Legion of Super-Heroes (vol. 2) #313 (July 1984) – covering most of Massachusetts, all of Rhode Island and Connecticut, New York State from Long Island's eastern tip up into the Catskills, and a large portion of northern New Jersey. In one imaginary Superman tale published in 1976 and partly set in then-futuristic 2001, "Metropolis" is the name of the new megalopolis of the Eastern seaboard corridor, comprising the cities of Washington, D.C., Philadelphia, New York and Boston and all the territory in between (Superman #300, June 1976).

Whatever version was used, it was generally viewed as given that the original city, as well as Gotham City, were considered within Legion-era Metropolis' boundaries, from the mid-1960s until the events of Zero Hour.

The first post-Infinite Crisis version of the series as published in the "three-boot" edition has described Metropolis as having expanded over the intervening millennium up the "entire Atlantic seaboard" of North America in one issue (reminiscent of New York's future expansion in Isaac Asimov's The Caves of Steel and in Poul Anderson's The Corridors of Time, and to an extent Mega-City One of the Judge Dredd comics). In Final Crisis: Legion of 3 Worlds, it is revealed that this version of Metropolis belongs to the newly restored Earth-Prime's 31st Century.

In Adventure Comics (vol. 2) #12, Metropolis during the Legion's first year is described by Brainiac 5 as having a population of "78 million sentient inhabitants in the urban zone before you reach the greenbelt".

Television

 * Metropolis appears in Adventures of Superman.
 * Metropolis appears in The New Adventures of Superman, as well as the 1980s Superman TV series.

 * Metropolis appears in Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman. This version does not have a definitive location, although it has been implied to be in Illinois and Pennsylvania.
 * Metropolis appears in series set in the DC Animated Universe (DCAU). This version is a coastal city with a retrofuturistic motif.

 * Metropolis appears in Smallville. This version is located in western Kansas, near Dodge City. In filming the series, Vancouver and Surrey, British Columbia stand in for Metropolis. For example, the Marine Building in Vancouver stands in as the Daily Planet Building and the Central City Building in Surrey stands in as the LuthorCorp.
 * Metropolis appears in The Batman episode "The Batman/Superman Story" Pt. 1.
 * Metropolis appears in the animated series Legion of Super Heroes.
 * Metropolis appears in Batman: The Brave and the Bold episode "Battle of the Superheroes!".
 * In the animated TV series Young Justice, Metropolis is shown on a map at roughly the real-life location of New Haven, Connecticut.
 * Metropolis appears in series set in the Arrowverse. This version is located in Pennsylvania, in close proximity to the Delaware and Maryland border and to Philadelphia.
 * In January 2018, Gotham executive producers John Stephens and Danny Cannon and Warner Bros. TV announced that they are developing a prequel TV series titled Metropolis. The series will follow Lois Lane and Lex Luthor as they investigate the city of Metropolis and will premiere on DC's digital service, DC Universe.
 * Metropolis is the main setting of the DC Super Hero Girls television series; the major characters are students at Metropolis High School.
 * Metropolis appears in the television series Superman & Lois.
 * Metropolis is the primary setting of the animated television series My Adventures with Superman. A map of the city in the first episode, "Adventures of a Normal Man", suggests Metropolis is located near San Francisco, California.

Film

 * In 1978's Superman and its sequels, Metropolis is shown as taking the place of New York City. The original movie series made no attempt to hide this similarity, as prominent New York landmarks are seen throughout the movies, including the Statue of Liberty, the World Trade Center, the Chrysler Building, Rockefeller Center, the United Nations Headquarters, the Empire State Building, the Brooklyn Bridge, Grand Central Terminal, and the New York Daily News offices. (However, in Superman IV: The Quest for Peace, in the scene involving a runaway train in the Metropolis "Metro City Transit" subway system, an advertising poster on the subway station wall soliciting public donations for the then-ongoing Statue of Liberty restoration effort urges the donations be sent to "The Lady, P.O. Box 1986, New York 10018" - implying that Metropolis and New York are, in fact, two separate places.) In Superman III, some Calgary, Alberta landmarks can be seen, including the Calgary Tower and the St. Louis Hotel, as parts of the film were filmed there.

 * Superman Returns director Bryan Singer intended his version of Metropolis to be a stylistic cross between 1930s New York and current New York. The many shots of Superman flying high above the city establish that although Metropolis has a rectangular park reminiscent of Central Park, the city overall has a slightly different shape from New York City. Several New York City landmarks, such as the American International Building, Battery Park, the MetLife Building, the Woolworth Building, World Financial Center, 7 World Trade Center, and the Brooklyn Bridge, were clearly shown, as was the street grid of lower Manhattan, with a fictional bridge inserted north of Battery Park City and a fictional pier in the middle of Battery Park. The map of Metropolis shown in this article, however, tries to make the city's form as different as possible from New York City's, given the scenery shown.) Photographs of some automobiles used in filming show license plates bearing the phrase "New York State" along the bottom, although the featured vehicles (including Lois Lane's car) are shown in the film to have license plates reading "The First State" Lex Luthor's map onscreen portrays the city as directly in the location of New York City. Senior production designer Guy Dyas said in The Art of Superman Returns (Chronicle Books, 2006): "We wiped out, I think, half of New Jersey to put in Metropolis." The map showed Metropolis clearly being in place for New York City but in New York State. Long Island was not shown. Midtown Manhattan was only shown twice, both in brief high aerial shots of the city at night. The first had the Empire State Building and Chrysler Building obstructed by clouds while the GE Building was visible. The second, all three buildings would appear but very briefly. License Plates show the Daily Planet Building as the main symbol for Metropolis. With no World Trade Center due to the September 11, 2001 attacks (which took place during Superman's five-year departure from Earth), the real life Empire State Building, or in this case the Emperor Building as named in the comics, would be the tallest in Metropolis. In past Superman movies, Metropolis was suggested to be New York City itself. Landmarks like the World Trade Center and Statue of Liberty were seen on film. In Superman Returns, Metropolis is New York City with minor changes. The movie focused primarily on Lower Manhattan with Midtown Manhattan only shown twice in the distance. 17 State Street, which is a recognizable glass tower at the tip of the island was replaced by an older looking tower and the tops of the two World Financial Center Towers were removed. A small cluster of tall Art-Deco Towers along with the Daily Planet building were added to the skyline near the Civic Center. The LexCorp Tower never appeared in the movie; comics suggest LexCorp had a Twin Towered Headquarters, which suggests that if they still existed, the World Trade Center North and South towers were the LexCorp Towers, but being 2006, unlike the older Superman movies, the World Trade Center's Twin Towers, did not appear, being that the setting is after the September 11, 2001 attacks. It is implied that 9/11 happened shortly after Superman's five-year departure from Earth, as in 2006, five years ago it was 2001 where the world was in no major wars until the events of 9/11. Despite this, one aerial shot showed several small buildings over the site, probably suggesting that they never existed, yet a quick scene showed footage of the War on Terror on television news. Parts of Superman Returns was filmed in Sydney, Australia, and some minor landmarks in Sydney can be identified such as Martin Place, when Superman catches the car. License plates on cars that state the first state may also refer to NSW license plates.
 * Metropolis appears extensively the DC Extended Universe, first appearing in Man of Steel and later Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice and Justice League. Areas of Vancouver, downtown Chicago and Detroit have been used as filming locations for the city, with several fictional buildings being added. Much of Metropolis is destroyed during the fight between Superman and General Zod in the first film's climax. It also appears to be a federal district similar to Washington, DC, with a ZIP code of 33866. Director Zack Snyder confirmed that Metropolis and Gotham City are portrayed as being in close geographical proximity to each other but are separated by Delaware Bay. In Justice League it is revealed there is a tunnel connecting the two, constructed as part of the abandoned 'Metropolis Project' in 1929 to connect the two cities. There are multiple islands located in the bay also, with one of them being named Braxton Island. During Super Bowl 50, an advertisement for Turkish Airlines showcased a rebuilt Metropolis, with Lex Luthor (played by one of the film's stars, Jesse Eisenberg) declaring the city open for business again. A "Gotham City" version of the ad, starring Ben Affleck's Bruce Wayne and sharing an identical theme, also aired during the game.

 * Metropolis also appears in most of the DC Comics animated films in which Superman makes an appearance, namely Superman: Brainiac Attacks, Superman: Doomsday, Superman/Batman: Public Enemies, Superman/Batman: Apocalypse, All-Star Superman, Justice League: Crisis on Two Earths, Justice League: Doom, Superman vs The Elite, Superman: Unbound, and DC League of Super-Pets. It additionally appears in the live action/animated hybrid film Space Jam: A New Legacy.

Video games
Metropolis appears in several video games, including Superman, Superman: Shadow of Apokolips, Superman: The Man of Steel, Superman Returns, Mortal Kombat vs. DC Universe, where it is shown partially in ruins following the Justice League's fight with Darkseid, and it appears in DC Universe Online.

Metropolis appears in the game Injustice: Gods Among Us, in two different forms- a Prime Earth version, in which the Joker attempts and fails to destroy the city with an atomic bomb, and an alternate universe Earth version, which occurs as a result of the Joker succeeding in his plot, which also involved the death of Lois Lane and Superman's unborn son. The alternate universe, or "Regime" Metropolis is used as a playable fighting stage. Here, it has been rebuilt into a more dystopian city, which is where the "prime" Batman and Joker end up when they are accidentally transported there. The Prime Earth version, however, is not a playable stage in the game, and is only shown as a cameo in the game's story mode. One notable feature in each version of Metropolis is a statue depicting Superman with a globe. In the Prime universe, the statue depicts Superman standing below the globe, carrying it above his head, symbolizing that he follows the world's rules. On the other hand, in the Regime universe, the statue depicts Superman standing above the globe with his arms folded, symbolizing that the world follows his rules, as he has become a tyrant following the destruction of the original Metropolis and the deaths of Lois Lane and their unborn son. Metropolis is the only stage in the game to have three sections: the city streets, the top of the Daily Planet, and a museum featuring past superhero costumes and weapons.

Metropolis appears in Lego Dimensions, where it is taken over by Sauron from The Lord of the Rings franchise, With Superman being sucked into an alternate dimension, Batman, Gandalf, and Wyldstyle oppose Sauron.

Metropolis appears as a playable stage in Injustice 2. The two sections consist of Memorial Station (which contains statues of Superman and his downfall and Lex Luthor's opposition) and the Ace O' Clubs bar. In the story mode, Metropolis is one of the cities Superman fails to restore on Brainiac's ship.

In Lego DC Super Villains, part of the open world is Metropolis. LexCorp Tower, The Daily Planet, and S.T.A.R. Labs are featured.

An open-world Metropolis will be the main setting of Suicide Squad: Kill the Justice League, set for release in 2024.

Theme parks
Metropolis appears in the Justice League: Alien Invasion 3D dark ride designed and created by Sally Corporation for Warner Bros. Movie World in Gold Coast, Australia. The city also appears in the Justice League: Battle for Metropolis dark ride created by Sally Corporation and is located at several Six Flags theme parks. A section of Warner Bros. World Abu Dhabi is themed after Metropolis, with major landmarks serving as entrances to attractions such as the Daily Planet for a Superman attraction, the Hall of Justice for a Justice League ride, and the Metropolis Observatory for a Green Lantern attraction. Patrons can also eat at a restaurant themed after Big Belly Burger.

Metropolis, Illinois
The real town of Metropolis, Illinois, has been proclaimed the "hometown of Superman" by the Illinois State Legislature, and the town celebrates its "local hero". Among the ways it celebrates the character include a large Superman statue in the city, a Superman museum, an annual Superman festival, and its local newspaper The Metropolis Planet, a name inspired by the major newspaper in fictional Metropolis, the Daily Planet. A version of the town has appeared in the comics itself, as a city whose citizens idolize the hero who lives in their 'sister' city.

title: Metropolis (comics)


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Michigantown, Indiana

Michigantown is a town in Michigan Township, Clinton County, Indiana, United States. The population was 467 at the 2010 census. The town was named for the Michigan Road, an early thoroughfare through the area.

History
Joseph Hill and Robert Edwards platted Michigantown in 1830 with lots on both sides of the Michigan Road; additions made in 1874 and 1876 by William Lowden added more lots to the north, bringing the edge of town up to what was then the Frankfort and Kokomo Railroad (later the Toledo, St. Louis and Western). In 1912 the Marion, Kokomo and Frankfort Electric Railroad built a line that paralleled the other through town.

Michigantown was incorporated in the early 1870s. The northern part of town was sometimes referred to as Lowdenville.

Geography
A Norfolk Southern Railway line crosses the northern edge of town and connects the cities of Frankfort and Kokomo.

According to the 2010 census, Michigantown has a total area of 0.26 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 467 people, 183 households, and 134 families living in the town. The population density was 1796.2 PD/sqmi. There were 205 housing units at an average density of 788.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.9% White, 0.4% African American, 0.4% Asian, 0.4% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.6% of the population.

There were 183 households, of which 37.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.9% were married couples living together, 17.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 26.8% were non-families. 21.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 2.93.

The median age in the town was 34.1 years. 27% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.7% were from 25 to 44; 23.4% were from 45 to 64; and 13.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 48.0% male and 52.0% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 406 people, 155 households, and 117 families living in the town. The population density was 1,533.6 PD/sqmi. There were 164 housing units at an average density of 619.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 99.26% White, 0.25% Native American, 0.25% from other races, and 0.25% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.74% of the population.

There were 155 households, out of which 41.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.8% were married couples living together, 18.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.5% were non-families. 22.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 30.0% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 31.3% from 25 to 44, 16.5% from 45 to 64, and 15.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.7 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $37,500, and the median income for a family was $45,625. Males had a median income of $32,656 versus $23,750 for females. The per capita income for the town was $21,102. About 2.5% of families and 5.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.0% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

title: Michigantown, Indiana


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Mulberry, Indiana

Mulberry is a town in Madison Township, Clinton County, Indiana, United States. The population was 1,231 at the 2020 census. The town was named for a mulberry tree which grew at the point where it was founded.

History
The plat for the town of Mulberry was laid out by W. S. Perrin on October 1, 1858. In the dedication of the plat the town is mistakenly named Glicksburg, an error made by a surveyor. The town's first home was that of Thomas Waldron, who also operated the first store and was Mulberry's first postmaster. The Lafayette, Muncie and Bloomington Railroad (later the Lake Erie and Western, then New York Central) reached Mulberry around 1873; the Terre Haute, Indianapolis and Eastern interurban line also serviced the town in the early 1900s.

Geography
According to the 2010 census, Mulberry has a total area of 0.59 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,254 people, 466 households, and 301 families living in the town. The population density was 2125.4 PD/sqmi. There were 516 housing units at an average density of 874.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.4% White, 0.2% African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.1% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.0% of the population.

There were 466 households, of which 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.9% were married couples living together, 8.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 35.4% were non-families. 30.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 3.01.

The median age in the town was 44.9 years. 20.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.7% were from 25 to 44; 25.2% were from 45 to 64; and 24.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 44.6% male and 55.4% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,387 people, 497 households, and 334 families living in the town. The population density was 2,360.2 PD/sqmi. There were 508 housing units at an average density of 864.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 99.21% White, 0.07% African American, 0.07% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 0.07% from other races, and 0.50% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.58% of the population.

There were 497 households, out of which 31.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.3% were married couples living together, 6.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.6% were non-families. 27.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.07.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 23.8% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 18.0% from 45 to 64, and 24.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.5 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $45,000, and the median income for a family was $51,591. Males had a median income of $39,417 versus $24,559 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,635. About 3.9% of families and 5.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.0% of those under age 18 and 10.8% of those age 65 or over.

Events
Mulberry holds a town festival, Mulberry Fest, annually on the fourth weekend (Friday-Sunday) in June.

Notable people

 * Robert D. Gaylor, Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force
 * V.M. Slipher and Earl C. Slipher, astronomers

title: Mulberry, Indiana


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Rossville, Indiana

Rossville is a town in Ross Township, Clinton County, Indiana, United States. The population was 1,653 at the 2010 census.

History
The area that is now Rossville was originally inhabited by the Miami Indians. The first settlers arrived in 1828.

In 1832, Thomas Ewing, with his wife and infant child, settled on 160 acre of land north of what is now Main Street in Rossville. In 1834, Ewing and Thomas Smith platted the town of Rossville with the intention of starting a blacksmith shop at the location. The town grew steadily and gained a store operated by William Seawright, a saddler (John H. Smith) and a physician (Dr. James Wilson). Residents of Rossville are also referred to as "Rossvillians".

A petition to incorporate the town was filed on October 22, 1870, at which time the town had 339 residents and 66 families. The incorporation election, held November 5, passed with a vote of 35 to 19 and on December 1, 1870, Rossville was incorporated. The town is named for John Ross, a pioneer settler and associate county judge.

The Monon Railroad was completed through Rossville in 1883.

Geography
According to the 2010 census, Rossville has a total area of 0.52 sqmi, all land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,653 people, 611 households, and 451 families living in the town. The population density was 3118.9 PD/sqmi. There were 652 housing units at an average density of 1230.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.5% White, 0.4% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.5% Asian, 0.6% from other races, and 0.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.8% of the population.

There were 611 households, of which 37.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.5% were married couples living together, 14.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 26.2% were non-families. 22.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 2.99.

The median age in the town was 39.6 years. 26% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.4% were from 25 to 44; 23.8% were from 45 to 64; and 18.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 45.5% male and 54.5% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,513 people, 555 households, and 411 families living in the town. The population density was 2,929.8 PD/sqmi. There were 586 housing units at an average density of 1,134.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.88% White, 0.53% African American, 0.13% Asian, 0.07% from other races, and 0.40% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.33% of the population.

There were 555 households, out of which 38.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.3% were married couples living together, 7.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.8% were non-families. 22.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.8% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 31.9% from 25 to 44, 16.7% from 45 to 64, and 17.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 80.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.7 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $48,333, and the median income for a family was $50,694. Males had a median income of $45,000 versus $23,819 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,765. About 2.3% of families and 3.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.8% of those under age 18 and 8.7% of those age 65 or over.

Annual cultural events
An annual festival marks the end of summer in Rossville. The event has been held annually since 1984. The festival is held on the fourth full weekend in August, and includes a car show, fireworks, music, performances on the main stage, street fair, parade, programs in the high school auditorium, queen, little miss and mister contest, and town-wide garage sales. The festival concludes with a community-wide worship service.

title: Rossville, Indiana


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Alton, Indiana

Alton is a town in Boone Township, Crawford County, Indiana, United States. The population was 29 at the 2020 census.

History
Alton was founded in 1838.

Alton was called Nebraska in its early years. The Nebraska post office opened in 1847, and was renamed Alton in 1860. The post office in Alton was finally discontinued in 1965.

Geography
According to the 2010 census, Alton has a total area of 0.19 sqmi, of which 0.17 sqmi (or 89.47%) is land and 0.02 sqmi (or 10.53%) is water.

2010 census
As of the 2010 census, there were 55 people, 25 households, and 19 families residing in the town. The population density was 323.5 PD/sqmi. There were 55 housing units at an average density of 323.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 96.4% White and 3.6% from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.6% of the population.

There were 25 households, of which 24.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.0% were married couples living together, 12.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 12.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 24.0% were non-families. 20.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.37.

The median age in the town was 53.2 years. 10.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 11% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 14.6% were from 25 to 44; 40% were from 45 to 64; and 23.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 56.4% male and 43.6% female.

2000 census
As of the 2000 census, there were 53 people, 24 households, and 16 families residing in the town. The population density was 312.3 PD/sqmi. There were 65 housing units at an average density of 383.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 100.00% White.

There were 24 households, out of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.2% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.3% were non-families. 29.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.75.

The population age spread was 22.6% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 28.3% from 25 to 44, 26.4% from 45 to 64, and 13.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.4 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $19,375, and the median income for a family was $29,375. Males had a median income of $41,250 versus $11,250 for females. The per capita income for the town was $11,167. There were 7.7% of families and 9.3% of the population living below the poverty line, including 21.4% of under eighteens and none of those over 64.

title: Alton, Indiana


text:
English, Indiana

English is a town in and the county seat of Crawford County, Indiana, United States. The population was 645 at the 2010 census, making it one of Indiana's smallest county seats. The settlement was named Hartford (1839-1884) prior to its incorporation.

History
English was called Hartford when it was laid out in 1839. When the town incorporated in 1884 it was renamed English for William Hayden English, an Indiana politician of the day. On December 28, 1893, the county seat of Crawford County was relocated from Leavenworth to English.

The first community was located at the confluence of two small rivers (Bird Dog Creek and Brownville Creek) with Blue River. It was a thriving community during the first half of the 20th century, with population rising to above 800 by 1950, but economic activity slowed thereafter (partly due to recurring flooding), and commercial establishments closed. Most residents now live on the higher ground surrounding the original settlement. A large swath of the previous inhabited level area has been converted into the Lucas Oil Golf Course.

From 1959 to 1990, English suffered six floods. The town council decided that the only solution to the flooding problem was to move the town. 160 acre of high ground were purchased, a partnership was formed with Lincoln Hills Development Corporation, and a major portion of the town was relocated.

Geography
According to the 2010 United States Census, English has a total area of 3.04 sqmi, all land.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by highly variable fluctuations in weather with hot, humid summers and frigidly cold, generally wet winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, English previously had a humid continental climate, but as of the 2016 update it now has a humid subtropical climate due to climate change. As Southern Indiana is in a transitional zone between these two areas, localized climate does not firmly adhere to either classification.

2010 census
As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 645 people, 285 households, and 177 families in the town. The population density was 212.2 PD/sqmi. There were 335 housing units at an average density of 110.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.5% White, 0.3% African American, 0.6% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.8% of the population.

There were 285 households, of which 27.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.9% were married couples living together, 12.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.9% were non-families. 32.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.79.

The median age in the town was 43.6 years. 20.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.3% were from 25 to 44; 28.4% were from 45 to 64; and 20% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 47.3% male and 52.7% female.

2000 census
As of the 2000 United States Census, there were 673 people, 294 households, and 171 families in the town. The population density was 220.5 PD/sqmi. There were 341 housing units at an average density of 111.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.66% White, 1.19% Native American, 0.15% from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.59% of the population.

There were 294 households, out of which 28.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.9% were married couples living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.8% were non-families. 38.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.99.

The town population contained 24.4% under the age of 18, 9.5% from 18 to 24, 26.6% from 25 to 44, 22.4% from 45 to 64, and 17.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 83.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.1 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $20,870, and the median income for a family was $27,708. Males had a median income of $25,000 versus $18,971 for females. The per capita income for the town was $11,065. About 24.0% of families and 33.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 54.9% of those under age 18 and 25.2% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The Crawford County Public Library, one of two lending libraries in the county (the other is Breeden Memorial Library in Leavenworth), is located at English.

Notable people

 * John Franklin Bobbitt, American educator
 * Lee Roberson, preacher and founder of Tennessee Temple University
 * Jerry Sturm, American football player.
 * Frederick Terman, American academician.

title: English, Indiana


text:
Leavenworth, Indiana

Leavenworth is a town in Jennings Township, Crawford County, Indiana, along the Ohio River. The 2010 US Census recorded a population of 238 persons.

Foundation and early settlement
Leavenworth was laid out in 1818 in a horseshoe shaped bend of the Ohio River, directly under a large bluff called Mt. Eden. The bluff forms part of the Indiana Ridge and faces directly across the river toward Kentucky. "Old Leavenworth" (the original town, now practically abandoned) was almost completely wiped out by the huge 1937 Ohio River flood, as it was built directly on the floodplain.

The town was founded by Zebulon Leavenworth and his brother Seth, natives of Connecticut.

In 1824, a wood yard was established in the town to provide fuel to steamboats, and David Lyon had a boatbuilding industry here in 1830. The Whitcomb brickyard was also a flourishing industry. The Crisis, Crawford County’s first newspaper, was begun in Leavenworth in 1839.

In 1835, Zebulon started a stage line from Leavenworth to the new state capitol in Indianapolis, a route intended primarily for students going to the new State College in Bloomington (later Indiana University) and for boatmen returning from downriver.

Riverboat men returning from New Orleans were thought to be carriers of the yellow fever and cholera epidemics that often devastated the Ohio Valley frontier. Seth Leavenworth advocated the construction of a marine hospital for the purpose of quarantine and medical treatment, which he hoped to build somewhere near the town of Leavenworth. The bill he put before the Indiana legislature was never enacted.

In 1843, Leavenworth supplanted Fredonia as the county seat. Leavenworth remained the county seat until 1896, when the county records were stolen by a mob in a notorious armed “courthouse war" against the town of English.

Seth Leavenworth eventually left Indiana and moved to Missouri, where he died in 1854. His son Zebulon, named after the boy's uncle in Indiana, became a famous riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River and was a friend of Mark Twain before Twain became a writer. Together, they piloted the steamboat Nebraska past Memphis at the outbreak of the Civil War, receiving gunshots across their bow as a warning to halt.

The Hines Raid, 1863
In June 1863, a 25-year-old Confederate spy from Kentucky, Thomas Hines, was sent by General John Hunt Morgan to ride north into Indiana and reconnoiter with Southern sympathizers there, whose dedication to the Southern cause Morgan drastically overestimated. Hines and his party of nearly a hundred men stole uniforms from a Union supply depot in Brownsville, Kentucky, then robbed a train in Elizabethtown to acquire Union currency. Dressed as Federal troops, they crossed the Ohio River on horseback a few miles downstream from Leavenworth, then struck out for Paoli, pretending to be in pursuit of Union deserters.

In French Lick, they met with the local Copperhead leader, Doctor William A. Bowles, who headed the Confederate-leaning Democratic party in southern Indiana and was a supporter of slavery. Bowles told them he was unable to help them. Indiana Home Guards were then in pursuit of the Confederates. Hines hired a Leavenworth local to guide them to a safe ford over the river where they could escape into Kentucky, but the local was actually a Union supporter and betrayed them. Residents of Leavenworth carried ammunition to Union troops, who gunned several of the horsemen down as they tried to get across the river at Little Blue Island. Three Confederate soldiers were killed and a large number were taken prisoner and kept in the Methodist Church in Leavenworth. The spy, Hines, escaped.

At the end of the Civil War, Leavenworth was a thriving town, a regular stop for steamboats on the Ohio River.

The Fire of 1890
In the Fall of 1890 a fire ravaged a portion of the town and many business were destroyed. The hotel, the newspaper, and most of the stores in the town suffered a complete loss. The fire was discovered by Lyman Davis, a porter at the Hawn Hotel, but all attempts to extinguish the blaze were to no avail.

Button Making and Lime Quarries
Button-making was an important industry, relying on shell banks in the river. The industry declined in the 1920s, when shell banks were exhausted. A total of 700 people lived in the town in 1910 and three button factories employed twenty-four families. Other industries included boat-making, freight hauling, and barrel production.

Quarries opened up in the 1880s and lime was shipped out on flatboats. In October 1890, a fire destroyed about one-third of Leavenworth. The population at this time was over five hundred.

The 1937 Ohio River Flood
The river's waters began to rise in January 1937. Record rainfalls by late January resulted in a huge flood, the most destructive in the Ohio Valley's history. Of 145 houses in Leavenworth, twenty floated away and sixty-five were lifted off their foundations. Four hundred of the town’s population of 418 were forced to evacuate.

Laborers enlisted by Franklin Roosevelt's Works Progress Administration (WPA) and the Salvation Army salvaged what they could, but when the waters receded, it was decided to move what was left of Leavenworth uphill. Under the direction of Indiana Work Relief Administrator John K. Jennings, the town decided to relocate to the top of the bluff, rendering "Old" Leavenworth a ghost town. Rebuilding was complete by December 1938. Leavenworth was then the only completely rebuilt community in Indiana, though in the 1950s and 1990s, English was ravaged by floods on the Blue River and eventually relocated to higher ground in the mid 1990s, the second largest relocation of a town in U.S. history.

Geography
According to the 2010 census, Leavenworth has a total area of 0.87 sqmi, of which 0.82 sqmi (or 94.25%) is land and 0.05 sqmi (or 5.75%) is water.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Leavenworth has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 238 people, 88 households, and 52 families residing in the town. The population density was 290.2 PD/sqmi. There were 159 housing units at an average density of 193.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 95.0% White, 2.5% African American, 1.7% Pacific Islander, and 0.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.3% of the population.

There were 88 households, of which 21.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.6% were married couples living together, 14.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 40.9% were non-families. 37.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 25% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.06 and the average family size was 2.63.

The median age in the town was 56.5 years. 13.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 15.1% were from 25 to 44; 30.7% were from 45 to 64; and 35.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 40.8% male and 59.2% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 353 people, 123 households, and 86 families residing in the town. The population density was 423.3 PD/sqmi. There were 187 housing units at an average density of 224.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.73% White, 1.70% African American, 0.28% from other races, and 0.28% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.57% of the population.

There were 123 households, out of which 28.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.8% were married couples living together, 19.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.3% were non-families. 28.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.70.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 17.6% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 20.4% from 25 to 44, 22.9% from 45 to 64, and 32.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $24,375, and the median income for a family was $36,250. Males had a median income of $26,250 versus $20,000 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,717. About 14.5% of families and 18.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 29.7% of those under age 18 and 6.9% of those age 65 or over.

title: Leavenworth, Indiana