text: confutaberis

title: confutaberis


text: confutabimur

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: confutabimur


text: confutabimini

title: confutabimini


text: confutabitur

title: confutabitur


text: confutabuntur

title: confutabuntur


text: confutabar

title: confutabar


text: confutabaris

title: confutabaris


text: confutabamur

title: confutabamur


text: confutabamini

title: confutabamini


text: confutabatur

title: confutabatur


text: confutabantur

title: confutabantur


text: confutem

title: confutem


text: confutet

title: confutet


text: confutemus

title: confutemus


text: confutetis

title: confutetis


text: confutent

title: confutent


text: confutarem

title: confutarem


text: confutares

title: confutares


text: confutaret

title: confutaret


text: confutaremus

title: confutaremus


text: confutaretis

title: confutaretis


text: confutarent

title: confutarent


text: confutaverim

title: confutaverim


text: confutavissem

title: confutavissem


text: confutavisses

title: confutavisses


text: confutavisset

title: confutavisset


text: confutavissemus

title: confutavissemus


text: confutavissetis

title: confutavissetis


text: confutavissent

title: confutavissent


text: confuteris

title: confuteris


text: confutemur

title: confutemur


text: confutemini

title: confutemini


text: confutetur

title: confutetur


text: confutentur

title: confutentur


text: confutarer

title: confutarer


text: confutareris

title: confutareris


text: confutaremur

title: confutaremur


text: confutaremini

title: confutaremini


text: confutaretur

title: confutaretur


text: confutarentur

title: confutarentur


text: confutatote

title: confutatote


text: confutanto

title: confutanto


text:
confutator

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) refuter
 * 2) opponent

title: confutator


text: confutantor

title: confutantor


text: confutavisse

title: confutavisse


text: confutari

title: confutari


text:
phrasal typology

Noun

 * 1)  The study of phrasal verbs, idioms, and hyphenated nouns and adjectives (and of rhetorical and literary terminology) and how they are categorized or typed.

Translations

 * Romanian: tipologie frazală

title: phrasal typology


text: congeriei

title: congeriei


text: congerierum

title: congerierum


text: congeriebus

title: congeriebus


text: congeriem

title: congeriem


text: congregarunt

title: congregarunt


text: congregassent

title: congregassent


text: congregasset

title: congregasset


text:
congruus

Etymology
From congruō.

Adjective

 * 1) agreeing, fit, suitable
 * 2) harmonious, concordant

title: congruus


text: congruum

title: congruum


text: congruae

title: congruae


text: congruorum

title: congruorum


text: congruarum

title: congruarum


text: congruos

title: congruos


text: coniurassent

title: coniurassent


text:
box-to-box midfielder

Noun

 * 1)  a central midfielder who plays both defensively and attackingly, who runs a lot up and down the pitch.

Translations

 * Spanish: volante mixto, todocampista

title: box-to-box midfielder


text: coniurastis

title: coniurastis


text:
frază

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1)  sentence made up of at least two clauses
 * 2)  phrase

title: frază


text:
rhetorical device

Noun

 * 1) A phrase (set phrase or created phrase) that uses reduplication, onomatopoeia, or other phonetic markers that increase memorability and “musicality” (making rhetoric pleasing or entertaining).

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 修辭手法, 修辭手段
 * Finnish: tehokeino
 * Galician: figura retórica
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Macedonian: фигу́ра, сре́дство
 * Mongolian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Swedish:

title: rhetorical device


text: dǎotǐ

title: dǎotǐ


text:
zapalniczka

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) lighter

title: zapalniczka


text: shōuyīnjī

title: shōuyīnjī


text:
good cop bad cop

Noun

 * 1) A psychological tactic used for interrogation, involving one police officer playing the role of intimidating adversary, and another that of friend with whom the subject is encouraged to bond.
 * 2) An analogous negotiation or interrogation tactic.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 一個唱紅臉，一個唱白臉／一个唱红脸，一个唱白脸, 红脸白脸
 * Finnish: hyvä poliisi, paha poliisi
 * French: méchant flic, gentil flic, bon flic, mauvais flic
 * German: guter Bulle, böser Bulle
 * Greek: καλός και κακός αστυφύλακας
 * Polish: dobry i zły glina, dobry i zły policjant
 * Spanish: poli bueno poli malo

title: good cop bad cop


text:
vitkaan

Etymology
From the rare dialectal adjective, from.

Adverb

 * 1) slowly

title: vitkaan


text:
menemään

Etymology
The adverb sense developed from literal uses of the verb form in phrases such as.

Adverb

 * 1)  away

title: menemään


text:
ardoroso

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) ardent
 * 2) burning
 * 1) burning

title: ardoroso


text: hedges one's bets

title: hedges one's bets


text: hedging one's bets

title: hedging one's bets


text: hedged one's bets

title: hedged one's bets


text:
Talk:henohenomoheji

RFV discussion
A face drawn using the hiragana characters he (へ), no (の), he (へ), no (の), mo (も), he (へ), and ji (じ). What context? Actual usage? Fictional universe or what? DCDuring TALK 19:18, 14 December 2010 (UTC)
 * A children's doodle, it seems. Wikipedia link added. Pingku 03:26, 15 December 2010 (UTC)

RFV failed, entry deleted. —Ruakh TALK 23:39, 4 February 2011 (UTC)

 * The henohenomohe face is widely known in Japan, no fictional universe needed. The Wikipedia article is right in noting that it's about as iconic as the Kilroy doodle.  There's no shortage of online references.  The term shows up in a number of songs too.  If Kilroy was here merits inclusion, I'd say that henohenomoheji (and the kana へのへのもへじ) should be included as well.  (Apologies for posting this after deletion, but I only just saw this list entry today.)  -- Eiríkr Útlendi - Tala við mig 20:16, 7 February 2011 (UTC)

 * I don't think anyone is disputing that the face exists, or that it's "notable" by Wikipedian standards; it may or may not be, but I certainly wouldn't know, and I doubt DCDuring would either. (No clue about Pingku.) But does not seem to be used in English to refer to it. —Ruakh TALK 21:41, 7 February 2011 (UTC)

 * Fair enough, WRT any English entry; I certainly wouldn't object to not including the term under the "English" heading. However, I thought we were including rōmaji for all Japanese-language entries, as a means for folks to look up Japanese terms without needing to know how to read / write in kana or kanji?  About_Japanese by way of reference.  -- Eiríkr Útlendi - Tala við mig 22:28, 7 February 2011 (UTC)

 * Only the English entry failed RFV. If you believe a Japanese entry of the same title would meet the CFI, feel free to add one. (Don't let the "do not re-enter without valid citations" in the deletion summary deter you; that just means that you can't re-enter the RFV-failed (English) entry without valid citations. Other entries at the same page are considered separately.) —Ruakh TALK 22:51, 7 February 2011 (UTC)

RFV 2
I was very surprised to see that this failed RFV, because it seems like a fairly well-known term. I think this is more a case of nobody bothering to look for citations, than that there actually aren't any. So I'm re-nominating it so that the entry can be restored. See also Talk:henohenomoheji. 22:53, 6 February 2013 (UTC)

 * Sadly, that does happen from time to time (that no one bothers to cite something).
 * If nothing else, could someone create the Japanese (romaji) entry the talk page suggests is attested? - -sche (discuss) 23:25, 6 February 2013 (UTC)
 * I can't cite this for the life of me. There's nothing on Google Books, save a volume compiled from Wikipedia articles. There's nothing on News or Groups either. Astral (talk) 14:02, 7 February 2013 (UTC)
 * So nobody who speaks English has ever talked about henohenomoheji in a durably archived source? Do only Japanese people talk about it? I find that hard to believe, really... Still, if we can't find any cites for English, we should definitely have at least a Japanese definition on this page. 14:43, 7 February 2013 (UTC)
 * I've restored the entry so that the content that was deleted before can be reused, to make a Japanese entry (or to make an English one if this passes). 14:46, 7 February 2013 (UTC)
 * [[Image:Arrowred.png|15px]] Here's what I could find.
 * shows 12 hits, 5 of which appear to not actually contain the term.
 * appears to be a business name in a telephone directory, so that probably doesn't meet CFI
 * is in Chinese, so ditto there.
 * is a TOC listing, pointing to, a description of the "Kakashi Hatake" character from Naruto (bolding mine):
 * His second unique ability is the pack of eight ninja dogs (忍犬 Ninken) he is able to summon to his side. The dogs are capable of talking.  Each one has a henohenomoheji on his back, a face used on scarecrows.  He primarily uses them for tracking purposes...
 * is a dupe of the above quote.
 * is basically another dupe of the above quote.
 * doesn't show the content of the book, but the title is Japanese Word Games: Shiritori, Henohenomoheji, Dajare, Uta-Garuta, Kaibun
 * shows two more hits, of which only the first hit actually includes the term, with the -ji on the end with a hyphen.
 * has the following quote:
 * When discussing the farts and the heavy use of the fart letter へ he in Japanese, I mentioned a picture, a "fart-face" made from it. Such a picture, called a へのへのもへじ henohenomohe-ji (also, へへののもへ（い）じ), or へのへの he-no-he-no for short, generally has seven letters.
 * [[Image:Arrowred.png|15px]] Even should this term fail RFV for English, it's all over the place in Japanese, so we should convert the entry to a JA entry rather than just delete it. -- Eiríkr Útlendi │ Tala við mig 19:09, 7 February 2013 (UTC)
 * If it is not English and not loaned into English then it cannot be verified or kept on the English wiktionary.71.142.71.205 21:40, 15 February 2013 (UTC)
 * No, that's not how the English Wiktionary works. We are a dictionary of all languages.--Prosfilaes (talk) 22:52, 15 February 2013 (UTC)
 * No, pay attention, the English wiktionary version's English language entryspace is not a Wiktionary for all languages it only holds English terms, I cannot add in words from Chinese as English words unless they are loanwords and therefore English.71.142.71.205 01:37, 17 February 2013 (UTC)
 * [[Image:Arrowred.png|15px]] 71, your exhortation misses the mark here, as I believe Prosfilaes *was* paying attention -- the wording in your previous post really does sound like you want to remove all non-English entries from the entire English Wiktionary site. The phrase "kept on the English wiktionary" is where the confusion arises.  For instance, the Japanese term  is "on the English wiktionary", but is listed as a Japanese term.  -- Eiríkr Útlendi │ Tala við mig 01:44, 17 February 2013 (UTC)

 * I suspect that 71 misspoke, as it were -- if we cannot cite use of the term in English, then we cannot keep it as an English entry. Provided that that is what 71 meant, then I agree.  If 71 intended instead that we should remove the term altogether, then I wholeheartedly disagree and must point out what Prosfilaes says here -- Wiktionary is intended to be a dictionary of all languages.  And since we *can* cite henohenomoheji in use in Japanese, and since we are including romanized entries of Japanese terms, then we must keep the term, but as a Japanese entry.  -- Eiríkr Útlendi │ Tala við mig 01:13, 16 February 2013 (UTC)
 * We should probably have へのへのもへじ too. 02:09, 16 February 2013 (UTC)
 * ✅ ~ Röbin Liönheart (talk) 04:34, 18 February 2013 (UTC)

 * RFV-failed (again). - -sche (discuss) 20:35, 3 April 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:henohenomoheji


text:
Thread:User talk:Internoob/Ian, is WP:BITE specifically considered to be NOT-policy at wiktionary?/reply (2)

Concerning BITE, I think that we've developed a culture that is less tolerant than Wikipedia of the newbies. This is because we have fewer prolific editors than them, so we need to spend less time fixing other people's mistakes and we're less patient. And this is not just my opinion by the way; it's been discussed before, e.g. on Beer parlour archive/2010/January. In reply to your previous question about Jeff (SemperBlotto), User talk:SemperBlotto pretty much explains it all.


text: error messages

title: error messages


text:
User:Podlington2

Student

title: User:Podlington2


text:
Thread:User talk:Geofferybard/Dzogchen/reply (10)

Entries are assumed to be valid until shown otherwise. The fact that other entries don't have citations isn't a justification for your entries (the ones which have been challenged) not having citations. It's a bit like saying loads of people have committed murder so I should too.


text:
Thread:User talk:Geofferybard/Re: Cite policy/reply (11)

Ever considered doing your own research instead of just arguing about it?


text:
undeadliness

Etymology
(or, in some cases, a continuation rather than a calque), from ; equivalent to ; compare, a similarly formed compound.

Noun

 * 1) The condition of not being susceptible to death; immortality.

Synonyms

 * ; see also Thesaurus:immortality

title: undeadliness


text:
บาสเกตบอล

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  basketball.

title: บาสเกตบอล


text:
ผ้า

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬,, , or.

Noun

 * 1) cloth.

title: ผ้า


text:
เพชร

Etymology
From, , ; ultimately from. Cognate Modern 🇨🇬. And cognate with 🇨🇬,, , ,.

Noun

 * 1) diamond.
 * 2)  lightning bolt; thunderbolt.
 * 3)  vajra, a weapon of the god Indra, symbolising thunderbolt.
 * 4)  similar weapon, as that of Zeus in the Greek mythology.

title: เพชร


text:
ผ้าไหม

Noun

 * 1) silk.

title: ผ้าไหม


text:
ฝ้าย

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) cotton.

title: ฝ้าย


text:
กางเกงใน

Noun

 * 1) underwear.

title: กางเกงใน


text:
เสื้อ

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 or.

Adjective

 * 1) tutelar.

Noun

 * 1) tutelar spirit.
 * 2) shirt.

title: เสื้อ


text:
ถุงเท้า

Etymology
🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) sock: foot garment.

title: ถุงเท้า


text:
เท้า

Etymology
Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  (classifer  or ) foot: the terminal part of the leg.
 * 2)  leg: tall, slender support for a piece of furniture.

Verb

 * 1) to lean on; to rest on; to be supported.
 * 2) to support.
 * 3) to refer to.

title: เท้า


text:
ตลาด

Etymology
Possibly corrupted from, which Tai people in the north usually use.

Noun

 * 1)  market.

title: ตลาด


text:
สาก

Etymology 1
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) pestle.

Adjective

 * 1) rough (surface)

title: สาก


text:
มุม

Etymology
From or. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) corner
 * 2) angle
 * 1) angle

title: มุม


text:
การทำอาหาร

Noun

 * 1) act of making food (i.e. preparation of food; cooking of food)

title: การทำอาหาร


text: การเต้นรำ

title: การเต้นรำ


text:
ภาพยนตร์

Etymology
From 🇰🇲;. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  motion picture

title: ภาพยนตร์


text:
โรงภาพยนตร์

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) cinema.

title: โรงภาพยนตร์


text:
การถ่ายภาพ

Noun

 * 1) photography.

title: การถ่ายภาพ


text:
Citations:Porygon

 * "Flashy-washy lights
 * Porygon, lost episode
 * Anti-virus too"-Haiku by NewHaights
 * Yes. Please give us the spiolers [sic] because I managed to see a Jap ep with a Porygon and I want to know what was going on so Please! Please! Please!
 * I wish it was the Drattini [sic] episode, I just love Drattini [sic]. I'd much rather that than either of the others, but I really want to see James in the bodysuit. ^_- I'm also curious about the Porygon episode, but I don't especially care. Sigh.
 * CN UK of course couldnt care less about one less viewer so long as they don't have a "Porygon" incident. But WHY? Nobody in the US has ever collapsed during an episode of DBZ, right?
 * No, Pokémon's "Porygon" episode did that.
 * Tinkerbell comes running around the corner, holding a large red and white ball. "Snorlax, return!" she shouts as a red laser beam travels the distance between her and the big bear-cat-thing and it disappears in a red flash of light.
 * "Porygon, return!"
 * "Pikachu, return!"
 * "Ponyta, return!"
 * Also, he's dealt with digital situations before (in the infamous never-aired-in-America episode, "Dennou Senshi Porigon"). Worse come to worse, he could just get Porygon to give Myotismon seizures. ^_^ Or Purin (a/k/a Jigglypuff) could show up and put everybody to sleep.
 * Poor Porygon, he is never going to be remembered for anything else.
 * It was that son of a bitch Porygon [that was involved in Pokemon's seizure-inducing blinking]!!!!
 * You mean a -Japanese- cartoon was a U.S. government ploy? I wonder who they were assasinating [sic] -in Japan-, since the Porygon episode was only shown over there.
 * "Pikachu, return!"
 * "Ponyta, return!"
 * Also, he's dealt with digital situations before (in the infamous never-aired-in-America episode, "Dennou Senshi Porigon"). Worse come to worse, he could just get Porygon to give Myotismon seizures. ^_^ Or Purin (a/k/a Jigglypuff) could show up and put everybody to sleep.
 * Poor Porygon, he is never going to be remembered for anything else.
 * It was that son of a bitch Porygon [that was involved in Pokemon's seizure-inducing blinking]!!!!
 * You mean a -Japanese- cartoon was a U.S. government ploy? I wonder who they were assasinating [sic] -in Japan-, since the Porygon episode was only shown over there.
 * It was that son of a bitch Porygon [that was involved in Pokemon's seizure-inducing blinking]!!!!
 * You mean a -Japanese- cartoon was a U.S. government ploy? I wonder who they were assasinating [sic] -in Japan-, since the Porygon episode was only shown over there.
 * You mean a -Japanese- cartoon was a U.S. government ploy? I wonder who they were assasinating [sic] -in Japan-, since the Porygon episode was only shown over there.
 * You mean a -Japanese- cartoon was a U.S. government ploy? I wonder who they were assasinating [sic] -in Japan-, since the Porygon episode was only shown over there.

title: Citations:Porygon


text:
Talk:dopustiti

I think there needs to be an example sentence here such as:

Allow him to come.

Dopusti da on dođe/ Dopusti ga da dođe/ Dopusti ga doći

or however this construction works in BCS

(all wiktionary entries should have examples of how the vocabulary is used in context - especially for verbs and the associated cases (not so much for nouns though))

I would suggest a sentence with imperative: dopusite, da....  dozvolize, da.... and a link to dozvloliti

title: Talk:dopustiti


text:
ฟุตบอล

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  soccer; association football.
 * 2) (ลูก~) the inflated ball used in such a game. (classifier: )

title: ฟุตบอล


text:
ช้อปปิ้ง

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) To shop.

title: ช้อปปิ้ง


text:
ละคร

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) show; play; drama.

title: ละคร


text:
โรงละคร

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) theatre: place housing theatrical performances.

title: โรงละคร


text:
User:GreenGenie/sandbox

un personnage du légendaire de l'écrivain britannique J. R. R. Tolkien, apparaissant notamment comme antagoniste dans le roman Le Seigneur des anneaux. Il le chef des Istari, les magiciens envoyés en Terre du Milieu par les Valar sous une forme humaine pour lutter contre Sauron. Gagné par la soif du pouvoir, Saroumane finit par faire alliance avec l'Ennemi. Il apparaît essentiellement dans le deuxième tome Les Deux Tours puis à la fin du troisième, Le Retour du roi. Son histoire avant la guerre de l'Anneau brièvement racontée dans les romans posthumes Le Silmarillion et les Contes et légendes inachevés. Saroumane l'un des personnages du roman illustrant la corruption du pouvoir, son désir pour la connaissance et l'ordre précipitant sa chute. Il rejette la chance de rédemption qui lui offerte. Le nom de « Saroumane » signifie « homme habile ». Il sert d'exemple de modernité et de technologie renversé par des forces plus proches de la nature. Le personnage apparaît dans presque toutes les adaptations du Seigneur des anneaux, ayant un rôle particulièrement long dans les films de Peter Jackson, où il joué par Christopher Lee. Les textes où l'histoire de Saroumane avant la guerre de l'Anneau décrite ont été rédigés après le Seigneur des anneaux. Sa vie brièvement présentée dans l'appendice B du roman, puis dans les textes du Silmarillion et des Contes et légendes inachevés. Saroumane un Maia. Il l'un des cinq Istari (les Mages), dépêchés en Terre du Milieu par les Valar vers l'an mille du Troisième Âge, lui-même étant envoyé par le Vala Aulë. Il alors « Saroumane le Blanc », chef des Istari. Il soutient initialement le Conseil Blanc dans ses actions contre la menace de Dol Guldur, mais succombe à la tentation de s'approprier l'Anneau unique, lui qui a étudié tous les textes concernant les Anneaux de Pouvoir. Dès leur départ du Valinor, Saroumane jalouse Gandalf, d'autant plus quand il découvre que Gandalf possède un des trois anneaux des Elfes, offert par Círdan le Charpentier, à son arrivée sur la Terre du Milieu. Il ravale cependant sa jalousie et œuvre pendant de nombreuses années comme chef du Conseil Blanc, s'installant en Isengard, à l'extrême sud de la chaîne de montagnes des Monts Brumeux, en l'an 2759 du Troisième Âge. Néanmoins, fasciné par l'étude des Anneaux de Pouvoir, il constitue une proie idéale pour Sauron, qui utilise le palantír de Minas Morgul pour le corrompre et s'en faire un serviteur. Saroumane commence à héberger secrètement des Orques et des Uruk-hai en Isengard. Il procède à de sinistres croisements entre des humains et Orques, afin d'obtenir des espions plus discrets que les Orques, les semi-orques, humanoïdes reconnaissables à leur peau olivâtre et leur regard bigleux. Vers l'an 3000, il commence à envoyer ses agents dans la Comté, tout d'abord pour acheter de l'herbe à pipe, puis pour recueillir des informations et espionner les Hobbits, voyant que Gandalf s'intéresse de près à ce peuple. Saroumane apparaît pour la première fois dans La Communauté de l'anneau (1954), premier tome du Seigneur des anneaux. Le roman raconte la quête menée pour détruire l'Anneau Unique, un objet puissant et maléfique créé par le Seigneur des Ténèbres Sauron pour contrôler la Terre du Milieu. Sauron perd l'Anneau bien avant le début du roman, celui-ci étant désormais en possession du hobbit Frodon Sacquet de la Comté. Au début du premier tome, Gandalf, personnage déjà présent dans Bilbo le Hobbit, dit de Saroumane qu'il « le chef de [s]on ordre1 » et le chef du Conseil Blanc qui a chassé Sauron de la Forêt Noire à la fin de Bilbo le Hobbit. Gandalf ajoute que Saroumane a de grandes connaissances en ce qui concerne les anneaux de pouvoir. « C'est le chef de mon ordre et il à la tête du Conseil. Son savoir profond, mais son orgueil a crû parallèlement et il prend ombrage de toute ingérence. La tradition des Anneaux elfiques, grands et petits, son domaine2. » — Paroles de Gandalf, J. R. R. Tolkien, Le Seigneur des anneaux Peu après, Gandalf fixe un rendez-vous à Frodon, en lui enjoignant de quitter la Comté. Cependant, le magicien ne vient pas. Il explique ensuite à Frodon qu'étant parti consulter Saroumane, ce dernier l'a retenu prisonnier en juillet 3018 T. A., à cause de son refus de se joindre à lui pour soutenir Sauron et peut-être le contrôler pour leurs propres objectifs. Saroumane lui a proposé de garder l'Anneau pour eux deux. Gandalf a été emprisonné en haut de la tour d'Orthanc, en Isengard. Là, Gandalf constate que Saroumane crée une armée d'Orques et de Wargs et que la belle vallée verdoyante de l'Isengard se remplit de forges3. Saroumane, qui refuse son ancienne appellation de « Saroumane le Blanc », se qualifie désormais de « Saroumane le Multicolore »4. Cependant, grâce à l'aide du seigneur des Aigles, Gwaihir, Gandalf réussit à s'échapper d'Orthanc deux mois plus tard, sans avoir révélé l'emplacement de l'Anneau à Saroumane. N'ayant plus d'autre choix que de trouver lui-même l'Unique ou d'être vaincu, Saroumane envoie des espions massivement dans le nord, tout en ralliant à lui les hommes du pays de Dun dans ses projets de conquête. Au début des Deux Tours (1954), des Orques envoyés par Saroumane sont à la recherche des hobbits de la communauté de l'anneau. Ils capturent Merry et Pippin. Ces derniers parviennent à s'échapper dans la forêt de Fangorn, où ils sont recueillis par les Ents, en colère car Saroumane coupe les arbres de la forêt pour alimenter les feux d'Orthanc5. Pendant ce temps, Saroumane planifie son invasion du Rohan : deux batailles aux gués de l'Isen, frontière entre l'Isengard et le Rohan, lui permettent de forcer ce point stratégique pour la conquête de ce pays, en éliminant de surcroît Théodred, fils du roi Théoden du Rohan, l'héritier du trône. Au Gouffre de Helm, ses armées sont vaincues après une âpre bataille par les forces de Rohan, avec à leur tête Théoden et le maréchal de la Marche Éomer, assistés de trois des membres de la Communauté de l'Anneau venus en Rohan : Aragorn le Dúnadan, Legolas l'Elfe et Gimli le Nain ; les Orques et les hommes de Dun sont finalement annihilés par les Huorns. Pendant ce temps, les Ents marchent sur l'Isengard, accompagnés de Merry et Pippin, et détruisent dans leur furie les défenses de la forteresse, mettent à bas toutes les installations souterraines de Saroumane, les broyant à main nue et en noyant le tout sous les flots de la rivière Isen, qu'ils ont détournée de son lit à cette fin. Peu après, les vainqueurs de la bataille du Gouffre de Helm rendent visite à Saroumane en Isengard, qui a trouvé refuge dans la tour d'Orthanc, forteresse indestructible, seule rescapée de la furie des Ents, qui le maintiennent là sous une garde vigilante. Dans un ultime effort, Saroumane, usant du grand pouvoir de persuasion que possède sa voix, tente de rallier à lui le roi Théoden du Rohan, son neveu Éomer, et enfin Gandalf ; mais le mal que Saroumane a commis bien trop grand pour être oublié ou pardonné, et sa voix a perdu de sa force et n'abuse pas ses interlocuteurs. Toutefois, Gandalf tente à son tour de convaincre Saroumane de rejoindre leur camp, pour tenter de réparer les dommages qu'il a occasionnés et les aider à lutter contre Sauron. Mais Saroumane, dédaigneux et montrant au grand jour toute sa haine contre ceux qui sont venus le voir, refuse de se repentir et rejette avec mépris la proposition de Gandalf. Celui-ci, faisant soudainement preuve d'une grande autorité, bannit Saroumane de l'Ordre des Mages, et, d'un mot, brise son bâton de magicien, lui ôtant son pouvoir et son statut. Bien après la prise d'Isengard par les Ents, Saroumane, apparemment vaincu et toujours étroitement surveillé, parvient à quitter la tour d'Orthanc avec son suivant Gríma « Langue de Serpent », ayant peut-être usé de sa voix pour faire fléchir le chef de Ents, Sylvebarbe. Les Hobbits de la Communauté de l'Anneau (Frodon, Sam, Merry et Pippin), revenant chez eux, retrouvent Saroumane finalement quelques semaines plus tard dans la Comté où il a, par l'intermédiaire de Lothon Sacquet-de-Besace, fait main-basse sur le pays et le dirige sous le nom de Sharcoux. De nouveau face à ses ennemis, Saroumane tente de poignarder Frodon mais échoue, la lame se brisant sur sa côte de maille en mithril. Maitrisé par les Hobbits et promis à une mort rapide, Frodon lui laisse la vie sauve à la condition qu'il quitte immédiatement la Comté, mais il finalement assassiné par son serviteur, Gríma, brimé une fois de trop par Saroumane alors qu'il se préparait à partir. J. R. R. Tolkien décrit Saroumane au moment des événements du Seigneur des anneaux comme ayant un visage long « avec le front haut » et « des yeux sombres et profonds [...]. Ses cheveux et sa barbe étaient blancs, mais des fils noirs se voyaient encore autour des lèvres et des oreilles6 ». Ses cheveux sont ailleurs décrits comme étant noirs au moment de son arrivée en Terre du Milieu. Appelé « Saroumane le Blanc », il censé porter des robes blanches, mais à sa première apparition dans le roman (dans le récit de Gandalf au Conseil d'Elrond), il porte des vêtements « tissés de toutes couleurs ; et quand il boug[e], ils chato[ie]nt et chang[e]nt de teinte, de telle sorte que l'œil [est] confondu4 » et se nomme lui-même « Saroumane le Multicolore ». Le pouvoir de la voix de Saroumane souligné à maintes reprises dans le roman. Pour Jonathan Evans, cette caractéristique devient un « tour de force » dans le chapitre « La voix de Saroumane »7. Roger Sale (en) dit du même chapitre que « Tolkien a courageusement essayé de faire quelque chose d'extraordinaire, mais c'était tout simplement impossibleTrad. 1,8 ». Thomas Shippey écrit que « Saroumane parle comme un homme politique... Aucun autre personnage de la Terre du Milieu n'a la technique de Saroumane pour tourner ses formules de manière à annuler les contraires et aucun n'emploie autant de mots vides de sens comme « déplorant », « ultime », et le pire de tous, « réel ». Qu'est-ce qu'un « réel changement » ?Trad. 2,9 ». Shippey contraste ce discours moderne avec la rigueur archaïsante que Tolkien place dans la bouche d'autres personnages, comme le roi des Nains, Dáin, qui représente la vision de l'héroïsme selon Tolkien, calquée sur Beowulf9,Note 1. Après la défaite de ses armées, Saroumane se voit offrir le pardon par Gandalf en échange de son aide contre Sauron, mais ayant choisi son chemin, il incapable de s'en détourner10. Jonathan Evans compare Saroumane à la figure de Satan dans Le Paradis perdu de John Milton, pour son usage de la rhétorique et son refus de la rédemption finale, « vaincu par la fierté et la haineTrad. 3,7 ». Le nom de Saroumane (francisation de Saruman en anglais) lui fut donné par les Hommes du nord de la Terre du Milieu. Il dérivé du terme en vieil anglais searu, qui signifie « talent » ou « ruse ». Son nom en sindarin, Curunír, possède le même sens d'« homme habile » et vient des racines curu « ruse », « habileté »11 et de nír, forme dérivée de dír indiquant le masculin. Son nom en quenya, avec le même sens, Curumo. Enfin, le nom que lui ont donné ses Orques, Sharcoux (Sharkey), provient sans doute du mot orque sharkû, qui, en noir parler, signifie « vieil homme », un terme « d'affection » pour eux. Tolkien avait commencé à écrire Le Seigneur des anneaux depuis plusieurs années quand Saroumane apparu comme un personnage permettant de résoudre l'une des péripéties. Son rôle et ses caractéristiques ont continué à émerger au fil de l'écriture. Tolkien avait commencé à rédiger le roman à la fin de 1937, mais il n'avait alors qu'une très vague idée de son développement ultérieur12. À la différence de nombreux autres personnages du livre, Saroumane n'apparaît pas dans le conte pour enfants de 1937, Bilbo le Hobbit, ni dans son Quenta Silmarillion non encore publié ou dans les récits associés dans sa mythologie, élaborés à partir de 1917Note 2. Quand il écrivit le retard de Gandalf au rendez-vous qu'il avait fixé à Frodon Sacquet, Tolkien n'en avait pas encore imaginé la cause et il écrivit plus tard : « Plus troublant encore, Saruman ne m'avait jamais été révélé, et j'ai été tout aussi perplexe que Frodo lorsque Gandalf a manqué son rendez-vous du 22 septembreTrad. 4,13 ». Le fils de l'auteur, Christopher Tolkien, déclara que les premiers brouillons du Seigneur des anneaux ont été écrits par vagues et qu'une fois parvenu à la moitié de La Communauté de l'anneau, J. R. R. Tolkien retravailla le début trois fois14. Saroumane d'abord apparu dans une quatrième phase d'écriture, dans un plan narratif grossier daté d'août 1940. Destiné à expliquer le retard de Gandalf, il explique comment un magicien appelé Saramond the White ou Saramond the Grey, tombé sous l'influence de Sauron, séduit Gandalf et le fait prisonnier dans son bastion. Le brouillon suggère que Saramond aidé par le géant Sylvebarbe, qui alors conçu comme un ennemi15. L'histoire complète de la trahison de Saroumane par la suite ajoutée aux chapitres existants16. Plusieurs autres apparitions de Saroumane ont émergé en cours d'écriture. Christopher Tolkien croit que, au début des Deux Tours, le personnage aperçu par Aragorn, Gimli et Legolas près de la forêt de Fangorn devait être Gandalf dans les premiers projets de son père. Dans la version définitive, il s'agit de Saroumane17. De même, dans les premiers brouillons du chapitre « Le Nettoyage de la Comté », Sharcoux (Sharkey) d'abord présenté comme une brute rencontrée par les Hobbits, puis comme le patron invisible de l'homme. C'est seulement dans la deuxième version du chapitre que, selon les termes de Christopher, J. R. R. Tolkien « s'est aperçu »Trad. 5 que Sharcoux n'était autre que Saroumane18. Le nom utilisé par les acolytes de Saroumane à propos de leur chef diminué, « Sharcoux », censé provenir d'un mot orque signifiant « vieil homme », d'après une note de bas de page7. La scène de la mort de Saroumane, où son corps se recroqueville et révèle soudain « de longues années de mort »19, n'était pas présente avant que les épreuves du roman achevé ne soient revues par Tolkien20. John D. Rateliff et Jared Lobdell sont parmi ceux qui remarquent que cette mort n'est pas sans rappeler celle de la sorcière Ayesha, âgée de 2000 ans, dans le roman de Henry Rider Haggard Elle ou la source de feu (en), de 188721. Saroumane a été identifié par la critique à la chute d'un personnage originellement bon, en rapport avec la technologie. Tolkien écrivit que Le Seigneur des anneaux était souvent critiqué comme dépeignant des personnages soit bons soit mauvais, sans nuances de gris, ce à quoi il répondait en présentant Saroumane, Denethor ou Boromir comme exemples de personnages aux loyautés plus nuancées22. Pour Marjorie Burns, Saroumane un double moindre de Sauron, renforçant le type de personnage du Seigneur des Ténèbres, et un double contrastant avec Gandalf, qui sous sa forme de Gandalf le Blanc devient un Saroumane tel qu'il aurait dû être, après que ce dernier a échoué23. Saroumane « fut grand, d'une noble espèce sur laquelle on ne devrait pas oser lever la mainTrad. 6,19 » mais il diminue au fur et à mesure du livre24. Patricia Meyer Spacks dit de lui qu'il représente « l'une des principales histoires [dans le roman] sur l'effet destructif graduel de la soumission à des désirs mauvaisTrad. 7,10 ». Paul Kocher identifie l'utilisation par Saroumane du palantír, la pierre de vision, comme la cause immédiate de sa chute, mais il suggère aussi que son étude des « arts de l'ennemi » a mené Saroumane à l'imitation de Sauron25. Selon Jonathan Evans et Spacks, Saroumane succombe à l'attrait du pouvoir7,10 tandis que Shippey identifie la dévotion de Saroumane à la connaissance, à l'organisation et au contrôle comme sa faiblesse26. Tolkien écrivit que la tentation du chef des Istari, à laquelle Saroumane a succombé, l'impatience, qui amène au désir d'obliger les autres à agir bien et ensuite à un simple désir de puissance27. Sylvebarbe dit que Saroumane a « un esprit de métal et de rouages5 », le Mal dans Le Seigneur des anneaux étant souvent associé aux machines là où le Bien plus proche de la nature. La forteresse de Saroumane en Isengard aussi bien que les changements infligés à la Comté montrent les effets négatifs de l'industrialisation. L'Isengard renversé quand la forêt, avec les Ents, se révolte contre cela10. Patrick Curry dit que Tolkien « hostile à l'industrialismeTrad. 8 », reliant cela au développement urbain qui eut lieu dans les West Midlands pendant l'enfance de l'auteur, dans les premières décennies du xxe siècle. Il identifie Saroumane comme l'un des exemples-clefs donnés dans le roman des effets pervers de l'industrialisation et, par extension, de l'impérialisme28. Shippey note que le nom même de Saroumane rappelle cette vision de la technologie : dans le dialecte mercien vieil anglais utilisé par Tolkien pour représenter le rohirique dans le roman, la racine searu signifie « intelligent », « habile », « ingénieux » et a des liens aussi bien avec la technique qu'avec la trahison, ce qui fait écho à la représentation de Saroumane, « l'homme rusé » dans l'œuvre de Tolkien29. Il associe également le communisme et la manière dont Saroumane dirige la Comté : les biens sont récupérés « pour une distribution équitable » mais ne sont jamais revus ; Shippey considère cela comme l'introduction de l'hypocrisie moderne dans la manière dont le Mal se retrouve en Terre du Milieu30. Saroumane en partie l'architecte de sa propre chute. Kocher, Randall Helms et Shippey écrivent que les actions de Saroumane dans la première moitié des Deux Tours, bien que menées en vue de ses propres intérêts, amènent en réalité sa défaite et celle de Sauron : ses Orques aident à la division de la Communauté de l'Anneau à Parth Galen et, en capturant deux Hobbits, initient une série d'incidents qui mènera à sa ruine. En découle la libération des Rohirrim qui peuvent alors intervenir dans la bataille des Champs du Pelennor et ensuite, avec les Hommes du Gondor, attaquer la Morannon pour distraire Sauron de la progression de Frodon en Mordor pour détruire l'Anneau unique. Shippey dit que cela démontre la valeur de la résistance face au désespoir, même quand aucune solution n'est visible31 ; Kocher et Helms écrivent que cela participe au motif des événements providentiels et du renversement des mauvaises intentions qui traverse le roman32,33. À la fin, le Saroumane diminué tué, sa gorge tranchée, et Shippey note qu'à sa mort son esprit « se résorba en néantTrad. 9,19 ». Il considère Saroumane comme le meilleur exemple de « spectreTrad. 10 », une vision du mal propre au xxe siècle, qu'il attribue à Tolkien et dans laquelle les individus sont « « rongés à l'intérieur » par la dévotion à une abstractionTrad. 11,26 ». Faisant référence à la disparition de Saroumane, Kocher déclare qu'il s'agit d'un exemple cohérent avec le thème qui irrigue Le Seigneur des anneaux selon lequel le Mal a pour destinée le néant34.

Saroumane apparaît dans de nombreuses adaptations du Seigneur des anneaux. La BBC Radio produisit la première adaptation en 1956, avec Robert Farquharson dans le rôle de Saroumane, mais il n'en reste pas d'enregistrement. Tolkien avait apparemment été déçu par celle-ci35. Dans le dessin animé de Ralph Bakshi Le Seigneur des anneaux, qui correspond aux événements de La Communauté de l'anneau et au début des Deux Tours, Saroumane doublé par Fraser Kerr dans la version originale et par Louis Arbessier dans la version française. Il a une seule scène importante, lorsqu'il essaye de convaincre Gandalf de le rejoindre. Il apparaît aussi brièvement peu avant la bataille du Gouffre de Helm, haranguant son armée. Le personnage vêtu de rouge et appelé tantôt « Saruman » tantôt « Aruman ». Selon Smith et Matthews, le nom du personnage aurait été changé en « Aruman » pour éviter une possible confusion avec « Sauron »36. Le téléfilm animé de 1980 The Return of the King, production Rankin/Bass, commence là où s'était arrêté le film de Bakshi, mais Saroumane en absent37. L'adaptation radiophonique du Seigneur des anneaux, réalisée par la BBC en 1981, présente un Saroumane beaucoup plus proche du roman. Smith et Matthews présentent l'interprétation de Saroumane par Peter Howell (en) comme « brillamment ambiguë [...], passant en un éclair d'une douceur melliflue à une bestialité sauvage sans que ces humeurs semblent se contredireTrad. 12,38 ». Quelques années auparavant, dans une adaptation radiophonique américaine de 1979, Saroumane avait été doublé par James Arrington (en) qui prêtait également sa voix à Frodon Sacquet. Christopher Lee en dédicace pour la promotion du film Les Deux Tours, dans lequel il incarne Saroumane. La trilogie cinématographique de Peter Jackson (2001-2003) présente plus fréquemment Saroumane dans ses deux premiers films qu'il n'apparaît dans les livres équivalents à travers plusieurs scènes non décrites dans l'œuvre de Tolkien. Dans les films, Saroumane se range clairement au service de Sauron. Smith et Matthews estiment que le rôle de Saroumane a été écrit comme un substitut de Sauron, le principal antagoniste de l'histoire, qui n'apparaît jamais en personne dans le roman (théorie confirmée par Jackson dans les commentaires audio du DVD de La Communauté de l'anneau39). Ils suggèrent également que le choix d'un acteur de renom, Christopher Lee, a pu inciter les scénaristes à donner davantage de présence à son personnage40. En contraste avec ce rôle accru dans les deux premiers films, les scènes dévolues à Saroumane dans le troisième opus ont été coupées avant la sortie en salle, une décision qui a « choqué » Lee. Jackson a jugé trop décevant de montrer le destin de Saroumane directement après la bataille du Gouffre de Helm dans le deuxième film et le faire dans le troisième aurait constitué un retour en arrière déconcertant41. Les scènes coupées s'achèvent sur la chute de Saroumane depuis le haut de la tour d'Orthanc, après qu'il a été agressé au couteau par Gríma « Langue de Serpent » et comprennent des éléments issus du chapitre « Le Nettoyage de la Comté ». Ces scènes sont incluses dans la version longue du film42. Saroumane a aussi inspiré les dessinateurs, comme Ted Nasmith43 ou John Howe44.

title: User:GreenGenie/sandbox


text:
เบสบอล

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) baseball.

title: เบสบอล


text: hissy-fits

title: hissy-fits


text: rocket-packs

title: rocket-packs


text: no-lone zones

title: no-lone zones


text: wha-ups

title: wha-ups


text: e-tailers

title: e-tailers


text: ki-yis

title: ki-yis


text: orrises

title: orrises


text: iambuses

title: iambuses


text: pre-games

title: pre-games


text:
ดำน้ำ

Etymology
🇰🇲.

Verb

 * 1) to dive into water.
 * 2)  to ad lib; to improvise; to extemporise.

title: ดำน้ำ


text: mésalliances

title: mésalliances


text: Lutons

title: Lutons


text: chowder-heads

title: chowder-heads


text: Z-cars

title: Z-cars


text:
ยิมนาสติก

Noun

 * 1) gymnastics.

title: ยิมนาสติก


text: all-up services

title: all-up services


text: porte cochères

title: porte cochères


text: Bashkirs

title: Bashkirs


text: armings

title: armings


text: slowmatches

title: slowmatches


text: buffos

title: buffos


text:
รักบี้

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) rugby.

title: รักบี้


text:
สกี

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) ski.

title: สกี


text:
ว่ายน้ำ

Verb

 * 1) to swim in the water.

title: ว่ายน้ำ


text:
เทนนิส

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  tennis.

title: เทนนิส


text:
สะพาน

Etymology
From or. Compare Modern 🇨🇬. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) bridge (construction).

title: สะพาน


text:
จ้าง

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) (ขนม~) plain zongzi (without stuffing).

Etymology 2
Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to hire; to employ.

title: จ้าง


text:
รัฐบาล

Etymology
From, from + ; equivalent to 🇨🇬 🇰🇲. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) government: governing body of persons in a state  or community; particular group of persons forming a cabinet.

title: รัฐบาล


text:
ผู้ว่าราชการ

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1)  administrator; governor; ruler.

title: ผู้ว่าราชการ


text:
ไวยากรณ์

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  grammar.

title: ไวยากรณ์


text:
แบตเตอรี่

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) battery.

title: แบตเตอรี่


text:
ชีส

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) cheese.

title: ชีส


text: ช็อคโกแลต

title: ช็อคโกแลต


text:
User:GreenGenie

Hey there, I'm new.

/sandbox

title: User:GreenGenie


text:
แฮม

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) ham, especially sliced one.
 * 2)  sliced Bologna sausage.

title: แฮม


text:
น้ำผึ้ง

Etymology
From 🇰🇲; literally "bee's liquid".

Noun

 * 1) honey.
 * 2) * ภุชงค์ วงศ์กัณหา, รักคือ...:

title: น้ำผึ้ง


text:
เนยเทียม

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) margarine.

title: เนยเทียม


text: Ω/□

title: Ω/□


text:
ath-choisich

Verb

 * 1) retrace one's steps

title: ath-choisich


text:
ath-aithris

Verb

 * 1) reiterate, repeat

Noun

 * 1)  echo
 * 1)  echo

title: ath-aithris


text:
Thread:User talk:Geofferybard/Dzogchen/reply (11)

"Entries are assumed to be valid until shown otherwise." Agreed. []


text:
Thread:User talk:Geofferybard/Edging

http://www.abc-of-rockclimbing.com/info/climbing-shoes-types.asp

Edging Rock Climbing Shoes Edging shoes often have supportive 'board lasting' inside the shoe to take the 'edge' out of standing on one. In general, these are stiff and are recommended for the beginning climber as they have a lining that protects the feet and are easier on the leg muscles, especially the calves.

title: Thread:User talk:Geofferybard/Edging


text:
โทรศัพท์มือถือ

Etymology
From 🇰🇲. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  mobile phone.

title: โทรศัพท์มือถือ


text: color coordinates

title: color coordinates


text: color coordinating

title: color coordinating


text: color coordinated

title: color coordinated


text:
หน้าจอ

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) screen: surface on which pictures, electronic data, etc, may be displayed (as on a television or electronic device).

title: หน้าจอ


text:
แป้นพิมพ์

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) keyboard.

title: แป้นพิมพ์


text:
ซีพียู

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) central processing unit.

title: ซีพียู


text: เม้าส์

title: เม้าส์


text:
พวงมาลัย

Noun

 * 1) garland.
 * 2) steering wheel.

title: พวงมาลัย


text:
หน้าต่าง

Etymology
Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) window.

title: หน้าต่าง


text:
เสียง

Etymology
(Jonsson, 1991), from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) sound, including voice, a sensation perceived by the ear.
 * 2) opinion; view (as in ).
 * 3) popularity; appreciation (as in ).
 * 4) vote; formalized choice (as in ).
 * 5)  tone.

title: เสียง


text:
สำเนียง

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) accent; pronunciation; tone.
 * 2)  phoneme

title: สำเนียง


text:
เหน่อ

Adverb

 * 1) with a provincial accent (Specific with native  only. Excluding, , and  speakers who speak Central Thai as their second language.).

title: เหน่อ


text:
แต่งงาน

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Verb

 * 1)  to marry, especially through a ceremony.

title: แต่งงาน


text:
สมรส

Etymology
From, from 🇰🇲. which was coined by King Rama VI to be used with royal marriages.

Noun

 * 1)  marriage.

Verb

 * 1)  to marry.

title: สมรส


text:
เรือน

Etymology 1
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 (whence Longtang Be zan²).

Noun

 * 1) walled and roofed building raised on stilts, used for residence.
 * 2)  house; residential building; residence.
 * 3)  family; household.
 * 4)  house: building for any purpose.

Noun

 * 1) shape, form; style, pattern.
 * 2) base, support, stand, or the like, as the shank of a ring (that supports the head).

Noun

 * 1) number; amount.

Preposition

 * 1) numbering; amounting to.

title: เรือน


text:
ระบบ

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) system.

Usage notes

 * Not to be confused with.

title: ระบบ


text:
เครื่องหมาย

Etymology
From 🇰🇲. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) mark; sign; emblem; symbol; token.

title: เครื่องหมาย


text:
Thread:User talk:Geofferybard/EDGE -

Edging Rock Climbing Shoes Edging shoes often have supportive 'board lasting' inside the shoe to take the 'edge' out of standing on one. In general, these are stiff and are recommended for the beginning climber as they have a lining that protects the feet and are easier on the leg muscles, especially the calves.

title: Thread:User talk:Geofferybard/EDGE -


text:
เครื่องหมายการออกเสียง

Noun

 * 1) diacritic.

title: เครื่องหมายการออกเสียง


text:
นักภาษาศาสตร์

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) linguist.

title: นักภาษาศาสตร์


text:
ภาษาศาสตร์

Etymology
From 🇰🇲, from + ; Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) linguistics.

title: ภาษาศาสตร์


text:
ทาส

Etymology
or.

Noun

 * 1)  slave; servant.
 * 2) male slave; male servant.
 * 3) slavery.

Adjective

 * 1)  slavish.
 * 2)  base; low; mean.

title: ทาส


text:
เจ้านาย

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) (classifier องค์, พระองค์) royal person, especially one holding the rank of  or higher.
 * 2) (classifier คน) chief; lord; master; superior.

title: เจ้านาย


text:
หัวหน้า

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) leader; head; boss.

title: หัวหน้า


text:
Thread:User talk:Geofferybard/Discussions/reply

I prefer to vet my ideas with people who have offered their assistance before involving a lot of other people who may not be interested in working with l'[estrangier].


text:
ซุป

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) soup (especially Western style).
 * 2) (น้ำ~) broth; stock.

title: ซุป


text:
ความอิจฉา

Noun

 * 1) jealousy; envy.

title: ความอิจฉา


text:
ริษยา

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to envy; to be jealous.

title: ริษยา


text:
การผิดประเวณี

Noun

 * 1) adultery.

title: การผิดประเวณี


text:
เพดานปาก

Etymology
From 🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1)  palate.

title: เพดานปาก


text:
ไส้ติ่ง

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1)  appendix.

title: ไส้ติ่ง


text:
Talk:prion

Causes all kinds of stuff, IMO no point in highlighting one and only one. The main thing about prions was also deleted, "Unlike other known life forms". Oh well, I'm not losing any sleep over it. It just occurred to me that spongiform enceph. is a big deal in UK, so, I can live with the revert but Semper must have seen my point or I'd have been feeling it.

"Six of one and half dozen of the other." Could just as easily have inserted "such as spongiform...etc." but I'll let someone else do it or propose it later. I hate to think that the uniqueness and notability of prions will be lost on vast numbers of wiktionary readers for centuries, but we can't all be up on all these words all of the time.

Wonderfool's pronunciation doesn't match IPA
We have /ˈpɹiːɒn/, /ˈpɹaɪən/. He says /ˈpɹiːən/. Equinox ◑ 21:37, 1 December 2021 (UTC)

 * So tell them to record it again. Wonderfool notoriously sucks at pronunciation Notusbutthem (talk) 23:31, 1 December 2021 (UTC)

 * Seemed plausible but ain't in OED either. Removed from entry. Equinox ◑ 23:44, 1 December 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:prion


text:
ความเศร้าโศก

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) sorrow.

title: ความเศร้าโศก


text:
หน้าแรก

Noun

 * 1)  homepage.

title: หน้าแรก


text:
ที่อยู่

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) address.

title: ที่อยู่


text: การข่มขืน

title: การข่มขืน


text:
อัญมณี

Etymology
🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) gem.

title: อัญมณี


text:
หยก

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) jade.

title: หยก


text:
Thread:User talk:Internoob/Ian, is WP:BITE specifically considered to be NOT-policy at wiktionary?/reply (3)

Thanks, yeah that about sums it up. Well I looked over dozens of edits and Jeff only reverted a couple, so I guess my case was kind of the opposite of the normal new user situation with regard to the definitions. And everybody has been very cool and helpful regarding format issues. I freely admit that I screwed up on respell, which was partly my own arrogant sense of style for which I have always just detested that word and partly my inept clicking the wrong link and missing the voluminous google list of uses of the word. It is a very contentious environment but as far as I am concerned language is sacred. I hope that Equinox revives his account, the guy is brilliant and he has a lot to offer. I think it might be OK to work up a somewhat softer reception for new contributors but the important thing is that Wiktionary does not become responsible for degradation of language, most particularly English and Sanskrit. Again, Equinox could be a major contributor to that, his vast knowledge,skills and abilities are far too important to not undelete and resume. I publicly apologize for antagonizing him by so stupidly overlooking the obvious on the respell matter and if it will bring him back on board I am more than happy to leave Wiktionary for an agreed term. However, I will not concur that he has any right to post that I allegedly "refuse to read" something or other as he has no way of knowing what I have and have not read, nor did I ever post any statement of refusal. It must be annoying to have a newbie whose sin is not the prevailing general ineptitude with language, but rather a poet's sense for it. But for a crew that has some excellent language [chops], it should mitigate any sense of annoyance you folks may have over things to know that I acknowledge that this is a space where everyone else is pretty much as smart or smarter than myself regarding our Sacred Mother Tongue. I hope that other dude - I suppose you call him that "chap" - comes back sooner rather than later, and accepts my apology, despite my reservation. It doesn't make it not an apology, it is just that I can't acknowledge that anyone else has ESP or remote vision and I do speak for myself on what I have and have not read. So if that assertion nullifies the apology, or delays its effect, or if perhaps I am just the lastest straw in a big haystack of setbacks at wiktionary, I honestly don't know what I will do. It is easy enough to see how one could become addicted to wiktionary; perhaps for some it is more productive to step back and write haiku on the beach...I don't know at this point whether that is the more enviable option. In any case, Jeff K. should get a prize for what he's been able to accomplish here, but I hope it doesn't get messed up with imprecise definitions which then propagate like, well, prions...


text:
Summary:User talk:Geofferybard/Re: Cite policy

Just forget this mess and move on. Geof Bard 05:00, 18 February 2011 (UTC)


text:
Thread:User talk:Geofferybard/EDGE -/reply

PING


text:
Thread:User talk:Geofferybard/Re: Cite policy/reply (12)

PING


text:
Talk:transcendental ego

That's a rockin' definition, but then it goes encyclo. rambles...

title: Talk:transcendental ego


text:
Talk:chops

Definition .4 should add  "especially [with respect to] musicianship"

OR

Define it as musician's term and then add...

 "or other endeavors."

Geof Bard 05:13, 18 February 2011 (UTC)IMHO

"chops" verb marked as British
I think it's actually Caribbean (perhaps carried to the UK by immigrants): compare chupse. Equinox ◑ 03:57, 1 May 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:chops


text:
Talk:samadhi

I.IMO DEF 1 & 3 are muddled, indistinct...the quotation does not establish 1 as an independent meaningful definition...I'd condense them on the basis that these speculations are encyclopedist trivia. Who cares how one gets to samadhi, via death,sitting meditation,kundalini yoga, it's irrelevant to the definition.

II.Also, union with what or whom? Atman? The Trinity? Sri Chinmoy? Prabhubada? Why not just define it as a transcendent state and leave it at that.

I always viewed samadhi as being more about the state of consciousness (Da-sein, De.) and not to quibble about subject-object, neither to assert nor deny it.

III.Well, who am I to edit that? At any rate, (1) is not the primary definition it should, de minimis, be moved down to position (3). Geof Bard 05:20, 18 February 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:samadhi


text:
anatman

Noun

 * 1)  The doctrine that there is no transcendental ego or soul; that the perceived true self is an illusion. Corresponds to the Hinayana or Theravada Buddhist doctrine of anattā.
 * 2)  That which is other than the atman (self), such as the body.

Related terms

 * ātman

Translations

 * Burmese:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: анатман
 * Korean: 무아(無我)
 * Marathi: अनात्मन
 * Portuguese: anatman
 * Sanskrit:
 * Sinhalese:
 * Thai: อนัตตา
 * Tibetan: བདག་མ་མཆིས་པ
 * Vietnamese: (無我)

Noun

 * 1)   doctrine that there is no transcendental ego or soul

title: anatman


text:
Thread:User talk:Internoob/Anatman --------------------------- (आत्म /Ātmā), * IPA: /ˈɑn ˈɑːtman/

I'd appreciate if you would take a look at my entry [anatman] and let me know if I screwed up the etymology by not including the proper tag for inter-wiki search engines, or violating protocol on the etymology.

I am pretty confident with definitions and meanings but not so much so with these other aspects of the format. Thanks.


text:
Talk:roster

Wikipedia says that roster cannot be the second definition of the word here on Wiktionary, a list of jobs and the people expected to complete them. Anyone knowledgeable about this? 67.240.249.45 06:22, 18 February 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:roster


text:
Thread:User talk:Internoob/Bodhipathapradīpa

I was all set to create this entry but came upon a warning it had been deleted. I think it is a settled issue that words like this will be created on Wiktionary. Maybe it was previously deleted because it indicated "Tibetan" as the language and thus proceeding is not a problem as long as it is coded as "English"

Bodhipathapradīpa is the name of an influential book which a lot of Americans read in translation. It even has English commentaries. The basis given was that theoretically it is not kosher to write in "Latin" letters words that were previously written in some other script. Obviously that would throw out all derivatives of Greek, Teutonic languages, etcetera. Also we would have to toss out words like karma.

I posted this question on Information desk but thought I would ask you as well. Geof Bard 06:25, 18 February 2011 (UTC)


text:
Progesterex

Etymology
Presumably from.

Proper noun

 * 1) A hoax date rape drug claimed to cause sterilization.

title: Progesterex


text:
Thread:User talk:Internoob/Bodhipathapradīpa/reply

Correction - it is part of the Sanskrit canonized by Tibetans. It is a word in Tibetan just as it is a word in English, as is [karma]. So it is in all three languages but with Sanskrit derivation.

I think it is like [Bible]. Whatever the policy is on [Bible], should be policy on [Koran], [Qu'ran], [Dhammapada],and Bodhipathapradīpa. Etcetera..

Geof Bard 06:41, 18 February 2011 (UTC)


text:
Mars Bar party

Noun

 * 1)  A supposed party or orgy where Mars chocolate bars are eaten from the vagina or anus.

title: Mars Bar party


text:
sex bracelet

Noun

 * 1) A gel bracelet, in the context of an urban legend according to which the girl wearing the bracelet will engage in a sex act determined by the color of the bracelet, with whoever snaps it from her wrist.

title: sex bracelet


text: sex bracelets

title: sex bracelets


text:
handkerchief code

Noun

 * 1) The display of handkerchiefs of various colors used as a coded way to indicate the sexual interests of the wearer.

title: handkerchief code


text: handkerchief codes

title: handkerchief codes


text: gerbilling

title: gerbilling


text: gerbiling

title: gerbiling


text: gerbilled

title: gerbilled


text: gerbiled

title: gerbiled


text:
anguishly

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1)  With anguish; anguishedly.

title: anguishly


text:
User talk:Nemzag/Tosk-Gheg

Gheg (or Geg) is one of the two major dialects of the Albanian language. The other is Tosk, which is the main basis for the standard form of Albanian. The dividing line between these two dialects is the Shkumbin River, which winds its way through central Albania.

Gheg is spoken in Northern Albania, Kosovo, parts of the Republic of Macedonia, Turkey and Montenegro (Mali i Zi), and by the Albanians of southern Serbia (mostly the cities of Preševo, Bujanovac, and Medveđa), (Preshevë, Bujanovc, Medvegjë). It is also spoken in parts of Sicily and southern Italy.

Origin
The renowned Albanian author and politician Pashko Vasa in the 19th century argued that the origin of the word Gheg derives from the word Gjiant, Gegant, Gigand, Giant, referring to the verse found in the Homer's Iliad, "beyond the mountains of Akrokeronis, the land is inhabited by the Giants (Greek: ; Latin: GIGAS).

Subdialects
Gheg has several subdialects, notably:
 * Southern Gheg (Pogradec, Librazhd, Elbasan)
 * Central Gheg (Tiranë, Krujë, Burrel)
 * Northwestern Gheg (Shkodër, Vermosh, Selcë, Vukël, Lëpushë, Nikç, Tamarë, Ulqin, Tivar, Plavë, Gucia, Pejë, Gjakovë, Prizren)
 * Eastern Gheg (Peshkopi, Dibër, Tetovë, Gostivar, Veles, Prilepë)
 * Northeastern Gheg (Shkupi, Kumanova, Kaçanik, Sharri, Gjilani, Preshevë, Bujanovc)
 * Northern Gheg (Prishtinë, Mitrovicë), and former Albanian populated territories of Nish Sanjak (Nish, Vranjë, Toplicë).

title: User talk:Nemzag/Tosk-Gheg


text:
User talk:Nemzag/Gheg

Gheg (or Geg) is one of the two major dialects of the Albanian language. The other is Tosk, which is the main basis for the standard form of Albanian. The dividing line between these two dialects is the Shkumbin River, which winds its way through central Albania.

Gheg is spoken in Northern Albania, Kosovo, parts of the Republic of Macedonia, Turkey and Montenegro (Mali i Zi), and by the Albanians of southern Serbia (mostly the cities of Preševo, Bujanovac, and Medveđa), (Preshevë, Bujanovc, Medvegjë). It is also spoken in parts of Sicily and southern Italy.

Origin
The renowned Albanian author and politician Pashko Vasa in the 19th century argued that the origin of the word Gheg derives from the word Gjiant, Gegant, Gigand, Giant, referring to the verse found in the Homer's Iliad, "beyond the mountains of Akrokeronis, the land is inhabited by the Giants (Greek: ; Latin: GIGAS).

Subdialects
Gheg has several subdialects, notably:
 * Southern Gheg (Pogradec, Librazhd, Elbasan)
 * Central Gheg (Tiranë, Krujë, Burrel)
 * Northwestern Gheg (Shkodër, Vermosh, Selcë, Vukël, Lëpushë, Nikç, Tamarë, Ulqin, Tivar, Plavë, Gucia, Pejë, Gjakovë, Prizren)
 * Eastern Gheg (Peshkopi, Dibër, Tetovë, Gostivar, Veles, Prilepë)
 * Northeastern Gheg (Shkupi, Kumanova, Kaçanik, Sharri, Gjilani, Preshevë, Bujanovc)
 * Northern Gheg (Prishtinë, Mitrovicë), and former Albanian populated territories of Nish Sanjak (Nish, Vranjë, Toplicë).

Gheg today
There are still some authors that create in the Gheg language. Gheg is used in televisions and newspapers in Kosovo only.

title: User talk:Nemzag/Gheg


text: conlabor

title: conlabor


text: conlaberis

title: conlaberis


text: conlabitur

title: conlabitur


text: conlabimur

title: conlabimur


text: conlabimini

title: conlabimini


text: conlabuntur

title: conlabuntur


text: conlabar

title: conlabar


text: conlabetur

title: conlabetur


text: conlabemur

title: conlabemur


text: conlabemini

title: conlabemini


text: conlabentur

title: conlabentur


text: conlabebar

title: conlabebar


text: conlabebaris

title: conlabebaris


text: conlabebatur

title: conlabebatur


text: conlabebamur

title: conlabebamur


text: conlabebamini

title: conlabebamini


text: conlabebantur

title: conlabebantur


text: conlabaris

title: conlabaris


text: conlabatur

title: conlabatur


text: conlabamur

title: conlabamur


text: conlabamini

title: conlabamini


text: conlabantur

title: conlabantur


text: conlaberer

title: conlaberer


text: conlabereris

title: conlabereris


text: conlaberetur

title: conlaberetur


text: conlaberemur

title: conlaberemur


text: conlaberemini

title: conlaberemini


text: conlaberentur

title: conlaberentur


text: conlabere

title: conlabere


text: conlabitor

title: conlabitor


text: conlabuntor

title: conlabuntor


text: conlabi

title: conlabi


text: conlactaneus

title: conlactaneus


text:
collactaneus

Noun

 * 1) milk brother
 * 2) foster brother

title: collactaneus


text: conlactanei

title: conlactanei


text: conlactaneorum

title: conlactaneorum


text: conlactaneo

title: conlactaneo


text: conlactaneis

title: conlactaneis


text: conlactaneum

title: conlactaneum


text: conlactaneos

title: conlactaneos


text: conlactanee

title: conlactanee


text: collactanei

title: collactanei


text: collactaneorum

title: collactaneorum


text: collactaneo

title: collactaneo


text: collactaneis

title: collactaneis


text: collactaneum

title: collactaneum


text: collactaneos

title: collactaneos


text: collactanee

title: collactanee


text:
tout de go

Adverb

 * 1) straight out, bluntly

title: tout de go


text:
saynète

Etymology
, diminutive of.

Noun

 * 1) sketch, playlet

title: saynète


text: conlaudo

title: conlaudo


text: conlaudas

title: conlaudas


text: conlaudat

title: conlaudat


text: conlaudamus

title: conlaudamus


text: conlaudatis

title: conlaudatis


text: conlaudant

title: conlaudant


text: conlaudabo

title: conlaudabo


text: conlaudabis

title: conlaudabis


text: conlaudabit

title: conlaudabit


text: conlaudabimus

title: conlaudabimus


text: conlaudabitis

title: conlaudabitis


text: conlaudabunt

title: conlaudabunt


text: conlaudabam

title: conlaudabam


text: conlaudabas

title: conlaudabas


text: conlaudabat

title: conlaudabat


text: conlaudabamus

title: conlaudabamus


text: conlaudabatis

title: conlaudabatis


text: conlaudabant

title: conlaudabant


text: conlaudavi

title: conlaudavi


text: conlaudavisti

title: conlaudavisti


text: conlaudavit

title: conlaudavit


text: conlaudavimus

title: conlaudavimus


text: conlaudavistis

title: conlaudavistis


text: conlaudaverunt

title: conlaudaverunt


text: conlaudavero

title: conlaudavero


text: conlaudaveris

title: conlaudaveris


text: conlaudaverit

title: conlaudaverit


text: conlaudaverimus

title: conlaudaverimus


text: conlaudaveritis

title: conlaudaveritis


text: conlaudaverint

title: conlaudaverint


text: conlaudaveram

title: conlaudaveram


text: conlaudaveras

title: conlaudaveras


text: conlaudaverat

title: conlaudaverat


text: conlaudaveramus

title: conlaudaveramus


text: conlaudaveratis

title: conlaudaveratis


text: conlaudaverant

title: conlaudaverant


text: conlaudor

title: conlaudor


text: conlaudaris

title: conlaudaris


text: conlaudamur

title: conlaudamur


text: conlaudamini

title: conlaudamini


text: conlaudatur

title: conlaudatur


text: conlaudantur

title: conlaudantur


text: conlaudabor

title: conlaudabor


text: conlaudaberis

title: conlaudaberis


text: conlaudabimur

title: conlaudabimur


text: conlaudabimini

title: conlaudabimini


text: conlaudabitur

title: conlaudabitur


text: conlaudabuntur

title: conlaudabuntur


text: conlaudabar

title: conlaudabar


text: conlaudabaris

title: conlaudabaris


text: conlaudabamur

title: conlaudabamur


text: conlaudabamini

title: conlaudabamini


text: conlaudabatur

title: conlaudabatur


text: conlaudabantur

title: conlaudabantur


text: conlaudem

title: conlaudem


text: conlaudes

title: conlaudes


text: conlaudet

title: conlaudet


text: conlaudemus

title: conlaudemus


text: conlaudetis

title: conlaudetis


text: conlaudent

title: conlaudent


text: conlaudarem

title: conlaudarem


text: conlaudares

title: conlaudares


text: conlaudaret

title: conlaudaret


text: conlaudaremus

title: conlaudaremus


text: conlaudaretis

title: conlaudaretis


text: conlaudarent

title: conlaudarent


text: conlaudaverim

title: conlaudaverim


text: conlaudavissem

title: conlaudavissem


text: conlaudavisses

title: conlaudavisses


text: conlaudavisset

title: conlaudavisset


text: conlaudavissemus

title: conlaudavissemus


text: conlaudavissetis

title: conlaudavissetis


text: conlaudavissent

title: conlaudavissent


text:
conlauder

Etymology
First attested circa 980 in La Vie de Saint Léger,.

Verb

 * 1) to laud; to praise highly

title: conlauder


text: conlauderis

title: conlauderis


text: conlaudemur

title: conlaudemur


text: conlaudemini

title: conlaudemini


text: conlaudetur

title: conlaudetur


text: conlaudentur

title: conlaudentur


text: conlaudarer

title: conlaudarer


text: conlaudareris

title: conlaudareris


text: conlaudaremur

title: conlaudaremur


text: conlaudaremini

title: conlaudaremini


text: conlaudaretur

title: conlaudaretur


text: conlaudarentur

title: conlaudarentur


text: conlauda

title: conlauda


text: conlaudato

title: conlaudato


text: conlaudate

title: conlaudate


text: conlaudatote

title: conlaudatote


text: conlaudanto

title: conlaudanto


text: conlaudare

title: conlaudare


text: conlaudator

title: conlaudator


text: conlaudantor

title: conlaudantor


text: conlaudavisse

title: conlaudavisse


text: conlaudari

title: conlaudari


text:
cornac

Etymology
, from, from +.

Noun

 * 1) mahout, elephant driver
 * 2)  guide

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) mahout

title: cornac


text:
Talk:erfiður

Useful?

EtymologyFrom Proto-Germanic *arbaidiz (“hardship”), from a verb *arƀējō ‘be orphaned’. Cognate with Old Saxon arƀed (Dutch arbeid, Swedish arbete ‘place of work’), Old High German arbeit (German Arbeit ‘work, labour’), Old Norse erfiði, Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃.

title: Talk:erfiður


text:
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2011-02/Deprecating less-than symbol in etymologies

Deprecating less-than symbol in etymologies

 * Voting on: Setting the use of "from" in etymologies as Wiktionary standard, and deprecating the use of less-than symbol. In particular: (a) adjusting Etymology, a guideline for formatting of etymology, to state that "from" is the standard, by replacing less-than symbol with ", from" in examples and by other adjustments as needed; (b) declaring that anyone is welcome to replace less-than symbol with "from" in etymologies, no matter whether manually or robotically. (c) There should be a comma and a space before "from", with the exception of "from" that is at the beginning of the etymology, and possibly some other exceptions; as in "From A, from B, from C" rather than "From A from B from C".
 * Rationale: The use of "from" is preferred over the use of less-than symbol by a large majority in the poll Beer parlour/2011/February. In the poll, 37 people have stated their preference up to now. We cannot satisfy everyone, and one of the formatting options should be chosen as Wiktionary standard. The use of comma before "from" is the prevalent common practice in Wiktionary whenever "from" is used; it is also the practice used by Merriam-Webster online and other online dictionaries that use "from".
 * Vote starts: 00:01, 22 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Vote ends: 23.59, 8 March 2011 (UTC) -- 14 days later
 * Extending by one week to 23.59, 15 March 2011 (UTC), as people are coming to vote shortly before the end of the vote, and as this vote has turned out to be not a mere formality. --Dan Polansky 08:13, 8 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Extending by one more week to 23.59, 22 March 2011 (UTC), for the same reason as before. Thus, the vote will last a full month, a period that has been used for many votes in Wiktionary. --Dan Polansky 14:26, 14 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Vote created: Dan Polansky 08:58, 18 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Discussion:
 * [[Image:Wikt rei-artur3.svg|20px]] Beer parlour/2011/February, February 2011
 * [[Image:Wikt rei-artur3.svg|20px]] Wiktionary talk:Votes/pl-2011-02/Deprecating less-than symbol in etymologies

Support

 * 1) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support Dan Polansky 10:19, 22 February 2011 (UTC)
 * 2) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support Daniel. 10:35, 22 February 2011 (UTC)
 * 3) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support Caladon 11:01, 22 February 2011 (UTC)
 * 4) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support —Ruakh TALK 14:16, 22 February 2011 (UTC)
 * 5) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support Leo Laursen – (talk · contribs) 17:18, 22 February 2011 (UTC)
 * 6) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support < class="latinx" >Ƿidsiþ 18:18, 22 February 2011 (UTC)
 * 7) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support DAVilla 10:57, 23 February 2011 (UTC)
 * 8) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support Bequw → τ 21:25, 24 February 2011 (UTC)
 * 9) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support —AugPi 07:48, 3 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 10) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support - -sche 20:03, 8 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 11) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support Neskaya … gawonisgv? 21:16, 9 March 2011 (UTC) for accessibility. less than is not readable for users of screen readers, braille displays, or other assistive technologies. --Neskaya … gawonisgv? 21:16, 9 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 12) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support —CodeCat 09:38, 10 March 2011 (UTC)
 * [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support DCDuring TALK 09:41, 10 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 1) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support as per reasons given in poll, usability by novices foremost among them. —Nils von Barth (nbarth) (talk) 09:43, 10 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 2) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 15:35, 10 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 3) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support . When I was new, I had a really hard time figuring out what those less-than signs meant in etymologies. I only found it out incidentally one day. -- Prince Kassad 16:32, 10 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 4) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support Prosfilaes 17:42, 10 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 5) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support Jcwf 19:45, 10 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 6) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support Kinamand 05:28, 11 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 7) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support H. (talk) 18:18, 13 March 2011 (UTC) Finally!
 * 8) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support bd2412 T 16:00, 18 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 9) [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Support Lmaltier 10:50, 19 March 2011 (UTC)

Oppose

 * [[Image:Symbol oppose vote.svg|20px]] Oppose. This vote is unnecessary. WT:Etymology is not a, and doesn't require a vote to be modified. The poll has already shown that there is a consensus to make "from" the standard, so the page should just be changed to reflect that. And I really hope that this vote doesn't result in WT:Etymology becoming semi--ified... --Yair rand (talk) 11:08, 23 February 2011 (UTC)
 * The poll only asked about preferences that people have; it did not ask about whether people want these preferences imposed as Wiktionary standard. "I prefer A to B" and "I want A to become a project standard and B getting deprecated" are two distinct statements. This vote does not turn WT:ETY into a policy, but I admit that it treats it in part as if it were a policy. In any case, a change to WT:ETY made through a 14-day vote has more authority than a change that merely refers to a poll. After this vote ends (8 March 2011), around 30 days will have passed from the day on which I have started the poll (7 February 2011), which is a nice time for such a significant change that could have been executed years ago if it were not for the polls-are-evil and votes-are-evil ranting. --Dan Polansky 11:45, 23 February 2011 (UTC)
 * On another note, the choice of "From A, from B, from C" over "From A from B from C" (comma or not) was not discussed in the poll. Can you at least informally indicate that you agree with the former, if that is the case? --Dan Polansky 11:53, 23 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Using commas makes sense, IMO. If this vote passes, does it prohibit using anything other than the word "from" in etymologies? If at some point someone puts together some fancy etymology template/format stuffed with arrows and whatnot, would that be prohibited entirely, requiring a vote to be usable? --Yair rand (talk) 12:33, 23 February 2011 (UTC)
 * The vote does not prohibit the use of templates for the markup that results into the reader-visible "from", although such a use is yet to be pioneered. It also does not prohibit the use of other phrases where meaningful, such as ", past participle of", or ", possibly from". It merely says that "<" should no longer be used and that "from" should be used instead; and that comma should be placed before "from". --Dan Polansky 12:45, 23 February 2011 (UTC)

 * 1) [[Image:Symbol oppose vote.svg|20px]] Oppose  Mglovesfun (talk) 12:35, 23 February 2011 (UTC), < is easier on the eye than 'from', not least because in reading I 'internally' pronounce the 'from' but for < I pronounce nothing. < avoid over-the-top duplication. Mglovesfun (talk) 12:35, 23 February 2011 (UTC)
 * less than is not readable for users of screen readers, braille displays, or other assistive technologies. we can't just think of a few people here. --Neskaya … gawonisgv? 21:18, 9 March 2011 (UTC)
 * I also prefer "<", but I support that Wiktionary is formatted uniformly according to the preference of a large majority of the sample of users that we got in the referred poll. --Dan Polansky 17:48, 23 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Well if there's large majority this vote will pass and I'll abide by it. I don't see that as a reason for me personally not to oppose it. Mglovesfun (talk) 17:53, 23 February 2011 (UTC)
 * That is in principle correct. However, the method of a poll followed by a vote works well also for plain majorities in the poll. This requires that the vote is a confirmation of the result of the poll, a confirmation supported by all those who think that the majority as shown in the poll should prevail. This does not make a difference in this case, I admit, as the majority shown in the poll is a large one. However, it means that the pollers have to vote again in this vote in order to recreate the large majority. By contrast, if this vote is seen merely as a formal step that approves the result of the poll, it suffices that a fraction of the pollers votes support. --Dan Polansky 18:03, 23 February 2011 (UTC)
 * In UK elections, I vote for my preferred candidate, not the one I think is most likely to win. I'm exercising the same principle here. Mglovesfun (talk) 12:30, 28 February 2011 (UTC)
 * In UK elections, there is no split between a poll and a follow-up vote, and the UK vote is plain-majoritarian rather than supermajoritarian. What we have here is in effect a two-round vote, such that the second round formally confirms the winner of the first less formal round. While there may be some polls running before the UK election, the Beer parlour poll before this Wiktionary vote has many more voters than this vote is going to have. There is very little analogy between a poll run by a market research agency in the UK before the elections and the Beer parlour poll that has preceded this vote. Vote as you see fit; it will make almost no difference anyway. I am merely trying to highlight the principles behind this vote and the poll that preceded the vote, the principles that have been successfully applied to renaming the categories for headword lines. --Dan Polansky 14:53, 28 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Well, actually in the 'poll' the split was more even than this; many of the people who opposed deprecation there haven't opposed it here. It makes me think if anything more people should oppose to 'even up' the numbers a bit. This is all hypothetical right now; this vote is winning in a landslide unless there are more oppose votes. Mglovesfun (talk) 14:58, 28 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Here we clearly disagree: what I am saying is that everyone who agrees that the large majority shown in the poll should prevail and that this is in no way an unfair dictate of a majority should either support this vote or at least abstain. --Dan Polansky 15:05, 28 February 2011 (UTC)
 * But this vote and the poll are not worded identically, and (although AFAICT the only necessary outcome of this vote was covered by the poll) there may be implications people will take (or will think others will take) from the wording of the vote that they do not think were covered by the poll. Such people will then not assume that the majority clear in the poll applies here. —msh210℠ (talk) 16:40, 28 February 2011 (UTC)
 * That is a good point. The vote is about imposing a standard binding for everyone whereas the poll was merely about people's individual preference. If a person thinks that no standard should be imposed, the person should oppose this vote. In addition, the vote proposes the use of commas before "from", on which the poll was silent. But I think my basic point remains: the two rounds make it possible for people to support the second round if they agree that the voted issue is such that a plain majority should decide based on mere preference. --Dan Polansky 17:01, 28 February 2011 (UTC)
 * 1) [[Image:Symbol oppose vote.svg|20px]] Oppose The less-than symbol is useful in longer derivation chains. The uſer hight Bogorm converſation 07:17, 3 March 2011 (UTC)
 * [[Image:Symbol oppose vote.svg|20px]] Oppose —Internoob (Disc•Cont) 03:24, 8 March 2011 (UTC) I prefer < for long strings, meaning that we leave the status quo, with no standardization.
 * I am switching to abstain. However, I do not want any people, particularly newcomers, to be harangued for not following this standard because WT:Etymology is still not a policy! If my vote turns out to be the swing vote on this issue that causes it to pass, I'm going to trust that people won't. —Internoob (Disc•Cont) 19:09, 21 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Just a short note that I have already made to MG above: I also prefer "<" personally, but I support that Wiktionary is formatted uniformly according to the preference of a large majority of the sample of users that we got in the referred poll. --Dan Polansky 06:36, 8 March 2011 (UTC)
 * I would vote in support if I cared more that something be standardized no matter what it is, but I want that extra bit of legibility more than I want standardization. —Internoob (Disc•Cont) 23:15, 8 March 2011 (UTC)
 * But you will not get that extra bit of legibility in most entries (people with accessibility issues find "from" more legible). No one will be able to convert "from" to "<", so all the etymologies that already use "from" will continue doing that. The etymologies that I will newly add will use "from" (as I will go by the majority preference in spite of my personal preference) and no one will be able to convert them to "<". The principle underlying this vote and the preceding poll is that things should be standardized unless the winning option is truly unacceptable to the opposer, which I do not see is the case with "from", used by several online dictionaries. There are cases where a minority should steadfastly resist an unfair thing pushed by a majority, but I do not see how "from" is such a case. The formatting using "<" or "from" is mostly a matter of mere personal preference, complemented by such less personal considerations as accessibility. If people steadfastly hold on to their personal preferences in this way, the principle of consensus cannot really work. The principle of consensus as implemented using 2/3 or 70%-supermajority requires that people sometimes give in to the preferences of majority, or else Wiktionary becomes a hodgepodge of unstandardized arbitrary practices. Satisfying a further constraint, the poll is fairly representative one with its fairly large number of participants (close to 40); a plain majority achieved with, say, ten voters in total would be far from as convincing. --Dan Polansky 07:17, 9 March 2011 (UTC)
 * I don't really want things standardized either way. With a wiki of this nature, there needs to be a compromise between individual editors' styles and an ideal of project-wide consistency. You can't get everyone to structure their creations in exactly the same way, and with every new thing that gets standardized, we have to explain to newbies that make a mistake what their mistake was and ask that they remember it in the future. For users with accessibility issues, I imagine that this is the least of their troubles with this site. —Internoob (Disc•Cont) 23:38, 13 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 1) [[Image:Symbol oppose vote.svg|20px]] Oppose --Vahag 07:49, 8 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 2) [[Image:Symbol oppose vote.svg|20px]] Oppose  —Stephen (Talk) 12:32, 8 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 3) [[Image:Symbol oppose vote.svg|20px]] Oppose --Anatoli 03:44, 9 March 2011 (UTC)
 * What makes you oppose? In the poll, you have written: "Support. Whatever becomes the standard, I'll accept, no preference. --Anatoli 22:20, 14 February 2011 (UTC)" The option that can become the standard is the option supported by a large majority. Why do you oppose that option's becoming a standard? I don't understand. --Dan Polansky 06:56, 9 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 1) [[Image:Symbol oppose vote.svg|20px]] Oppose (only because I was asked to vote, really I don't give a toss) SemperBlotto 09:50, 10 March 2011 (UTC)
 * If you don't give a toss, why do you oppose rather than abstaining? (I have asked all people who have taken part on the poll and have not voted yet to vote.) --Dan Polansky 10:19, 10 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Because I object to your questioning of people's votes (if they oppose you). SemperBlotto 10:21, 10 March 2011 (UTC)
 * LOL. Mglovesfun (talk) 10:29, 10 March 2011 (UTC)
 * But that questioning has convinced at least one person not to oppose, right? It can be a bit unpleasant for people when I question their opposition, but if people seem to oppose for bad reasons or for no reason at all, then it seems fairly reasonable for me to try to understand other people's reasoning, right? You could have dropped me a note on my talk page that you dislike me doing that. No one has complained about my trying to discuss things so far. I do not deny that it can be unpleasant; discussion of disagreements is often unpleasant; it is often much more pleasant to avoid any confrontation resulting from a disagreement. If you prefer I leave your votes without any remark, I can so do. I can also no longer notify you on your talk page of polls and votes if you find that disagreeable. --Dan Polansky 10:34, 10 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Especially since your oppose vote is now going to make the entire vote fail, rather than pass, which is really bad. -- Prince Kassad 16:08, 18 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 1) [[Image:Symbol oppose vote.svg|20px]] Oppose  This proposal amends a page whose banner already shows "This is a draft proposal. It is unofficial, and it is unknown whether it is widely accepted by Wiktionary editors."  What purpose is served by this snippet of micromanagement to a page full of verbal diarrhea? Trying to read through that page gave me a headache. I still would prefer to use "from" instead of "<", but I am not prepared to impose that preference. Polls may very well point to best practices; if those practices really are best editors will gravitate toward them without a formal vote. Eclecticology 23:44, 10 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Why have not editors already gravitated to "from" or "<" in the course of past four years during which I was editing Wiktionary and during which both practices were in use? I see no evidence that supports your thesis that editors always automatically gravitate toward something without the need of a poll or a vote. I do not see that there is always some person-independent "best practice"; people have different preferences and different needs (accessibility). I do not think that driving on the left is better than driving on the right or vice versa. If you question the effectiveness of polls and votes (both of which you have said in the past are "evil"), compare the preceding poll and this vote with Beer_parlour_archive/2008/November. --Dan Polansky 07:49, 11 March 2011 (UTC)
 * If editors haven't gravitated to one form or the other, perhaps it's because both forms are acceptable, and no real consensus has developed. I didn't participate in the 2008 discussion, but it does show that the topic was no less controversial then than now. There is a virtue to being concise, but in some circumstances a longer explanation may be the best. Eclecticology 18:28, 14 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Strawberry ice cream.jpg
 * Sure, both formats are basically acceptable. But you do not seem to have responded to what I was saying. You have still left this sentence unretracted: "if those practices really are best editors will gravitate toward them without a formal vote." I was pointing out that the notion that one practice is objectively better than another one is dubious. If people hold on to their dear preferences in spite of their being in a minority and in spite of these being mere preferences (strawberry ice cream vs chocolate ice cream), and if, in addition, some people oppose mainly because they hate polls, votes or notifications, then it is hard to arrive at anything like consensus. The unwillingness to start and participate in standard political processes has in the past all too often lead to people in Wiktionary asserting that one thing or another was a policy or a binding standard, often quoting CFI or ELE, two documents that have been largely unvoted-on and whose consensual support is unknown. Going by polls and votes is a way to replace the intrasparency of decision making that has plagued Wiktionary with traceable collective decision making. But it can only be achieved if people cooperate a bit. --Dan Polansky 20:43, 14 March 2011 (UTC)
 * There's nothing to retract; I still stand by it. The syllogism only works if the premise is true. It says nothing about what happens if the premise is not true, nor does it allow us to argue in reverse that the consequence implies the premise. Sure these varying preferences make it hard to arrive at a consensus, but that's OK too.  The underlying fallacy in your comments is that a consensus must always be reached, that it somehow damages the Wiki when we don't have uniformity or standards. I agree too about most people's unwillingness to participate in political processes, but that only tells you to choose your battles carefully. People do, in fact, quote these long "policy" documents, whch have often become a patchwork of incoherence. The longer and more detailed they are, the less they mean to anyone and the more likely they are to be ignored except by those who want to use them to prove a point. That group also finds it convenient to ignore it when the top of the page calls it a guideline.  Polls may be fine for helping people to guide their own practices, but not when they are used to tell others what to do. Eclecticology 04:51, 20 March 2011 (UTC)
 * My mistake: you are right that the sentence is actually true, as the premise simply does not hold. I am posting the rest of the post to your talk page. --Dan Polansky 08:01, 20 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 1) [[Image:Symbol oppose vote.svg|20px]] Oppose I prefer "<"s, but let's give users to use what they want to use. I can see thousand of useless edits changing only the format of an etymology after this vote. Maro 23:33, 12 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 2) [[Image:Symbol oppose vote.svg|20px]] Oppose  — Stevey7788 08:20, 14 March 2011 (UTC) The "<" sign is easier to read, as wordiness and lack of conciseness tend to cause confusion. This symbol is also widely used in academic publications on historical linguistics. Readers would all quickly learn what "<" means, since it should be very intuitive.
 * 3) [[Image:Symbol oppose vote.svg|20px]] Oppose Not worth it. DCDuring TALK  17:37, 17 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Do you think you could explain what is not worth what? (There is no relation of this switch to oppose to my attempt to get rid of, right?) --Dan Polansky 19:07, 17 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Of course not. I was just reviewing all of my votes on pending matters. I realized that my initial support was thoughtless and that no harm occurs from the presence or absence of "<" or even ">". A softer approach seems wiser. In any event, editors can make whatever mass changes that they would like to bring about standardization. They merely need to accept whatever consequences there might be. It's a wiki. DCDuring TALK 19:24, 17 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Can you explain what you mean by softer approach? Are people supposed to spontaneously replace "<" with ", from" without a formal support? Or is the use of "<" supposed to be frozen where it is already used, per lacking formal supermajority? I do not really understand. --Dan Polansky 19:40, 17 March 2011 (UTC)
 * What, is everything not mandatory to be forbidden? It's not worth any suppression of a large minority. Either good example, facts, logic, and argument win by getting a very large consensus (which I don't see for this) or the time and/or proposal aren't right. If someone adding many etymologies puts in the offending notation, I'm not going to interfere. If I subsequently do some work on it, maybe I'll change it to my favorite notation. Editors change each other's contributions all the time, sometimes even on a mass scale. Folks seem to prefer less structure rather than more. Wikis are substantially laissez-faire. Why not go with it? DCDuring TALK 22:13, 17 March 2011 (UTC)
 * I am not sure I understood you well, so can you answer my question either in the affirmative or in the negative?: "Are people supposed to spontaneously replace "<" with ", from" without a formal support?" It seems that your answer is yes, is that right? Do I understand you correctly? --Dan Polansky 10:05, 18 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Yes. I don't know. No. No. DCDuring TALK 10:31, 18 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Very funny indeed. So to "Are people supposed to spontaneously replace "<" with ", from" without a formal support?" you say that you don't know. It have no idea what further procedure you propose, if any. At least, you block proposals that actually can work, only if enough people choose to cooperate.
 * Re: "Either good example, facts, logic, and argument win by getting a very large consensus ...": Facts alone cannot win any argument in a real-world non-descriptive decision, as it needs at least one non-descriptive (and thus non-factual) assumption or input. Given that the choice of "from" vs "<" is largely matter of arbitary preference or taste, we are lucky that there is such a large support of one option over the other; it is perfectly usual for preferences to be more evenly divided. Most of current Wiktionary formatting practices, where they are unified, are not a result of people freely converting to something but of assertive people falsely claiming that "the community has decided that..." or "there is a consensus that...". But that is apparently okay with you. Sigh. --Dan Polansky 12:58, 18 March 2011 (UTC)
 * I'm going with my gut on this one. DCDuring TALK 13:44, 18 March 2011 (UTC)
 * (unindent) If you at least agree that, given the preferences stated in the poll, I should feel free to manually (not robotically) replace "<" with "from" in etymologies, please say so. If you do not know whether I should feel free, consider that I did not feel free to do the replacement until I have something like a formal approval, which is why I have started the vote. Some people have less scruples, which is obviously okay with all the opposers here: when they are not asked for approval, they neither oppose nor protest. --Dan Polansky 16:42, 18 March 2011 (UTC)
 * This last point is an interesting rephrasing of the problem. If it's about what you will do in the course of your own editing the original poll will likely be enough to guide you. When you have in fact made these changes how much have people objected? So go ahead manually and see what happens. If there is any significant backlash pause to reconsider, Note too that you are more likely to get backlash if you appear to be on some kind of crusade. If this is about what you expect others to do you can almost be certain of an adverse reaction. Eclecticology 05:32, 20 March 2011 (UTC)
 * I have responded at User_talk:Eclecticology. --Dan Polansky 07:28, 20 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 1) [[Image:Symbol oppose vote.svg|20px]] Oppose  Venere 15:00, 21 March 2011 (UTC)

Abstain

 * 1) [[Image:Symbol abstain vote.svg|20px]] Abstain. —msh210℠ (talk) 17:06, 22 February 2011 (UTC)
 * 2) [[Image:Symbol abstain vote.svg|20px]] Abstain. I personally prefer the form "From X < Y < Z..." but wouldn't object to either of the two proposals being set as a standard. --Ivan Štambuk 14:09, 10 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 3) [[Image:Symbol abstain vote.svg|20px]] Abstain -Atelaes λάλει ἐμοί 23:59, 12 March 2011 (UTC) I have to agree with Yair on this, a vote is not really the way to go.  While I appreciate where Dan is coming from in his desire to achieve standardization, I don't think that opinion polls and votes are the best approach here.  Both formats have their deficiencies, and until we come up with something which neatly resolves all of them, I almost wonder if we have to live with a little mess.  I am also a bit hesitant to impose yet more rules.  Finally, I simply haven't been active enough lately to feel comfortable taking a strong stance.
 * 4) [[Image:Symbol abstain vote.svg|20px]] Abstain —Internoob (Disc•Cont) 19:09, 21 March 2011 (UTC) See my oppose vote above.

Decision

 * No consensus 21-11-4 65.6% —Internoob (Disc•Cont) 01:28, 24 March 2011 (UTC)


text:
conlaudans

Etymology
Present participle of.

title: conlaudans


text:
collaudans

Etymology
Present participle of.

Participle

 * 1) praising, extolling
 * 2) commending

title: collaudans


text: conlaudantes

title: conlaudantes


text: conlaudantia

title: conlaudantia


text: conlaudantis

title: conlaudantis


text: conlaudantium

title: conlaudantium


text: conlaudanti

title: conlaudanti


text: conlaudante

title: conlaudante


text: conlaudantibus

title: conlaudantibus


text: conlaudantem

title: conlaudantem


text: collaudantes

title: collaudantes


text: collaudantia

title: collaudantia


text: collaudantis

title: collaudantis


text: collaudantium

title: collaudantium


text: collaudanti

title: collaudanti


text: collaudantibus

title: collaudantibus


text: collaudantem

title: collaudantem


text: conligasset

title: conligasset


text:
collisio

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) clash, concussion, collision

title: collisio


text: conlisio

title: conlisio


text: conlisiones

title: conlisiones


text: conlisionis

title: conlisionis


text: conlisionum

title: conlisionum


text: conlisioni

title: conlisioni


text: conlisionibus

title: conlisionibus


text: conlisionem

title: conlisionem


text: conlisione

title: conlisione


text: collisiones

title: collisiones


text: collisionis

title: collisionis


text: collisionum

title: collisionum


text: collisionibus

title: collisionibus


text: collisionem

title: collisionem


text: conlocata

title: conlocata


text: conlocatum

title: conlocatum


text: conlocati

title: conlocati


text: conlocatae

title: conlocatae


text: conlocatorum

title: conlocatorum


text: conlocatarum

title: conlocatarum


text: conlocatam

title: conlocatam


text: conlocatos

title: conlocatos


text: conlocatas

title: conlocatas


text:
conloquens

Etymology
Present participle of.

title: conloquens


text:
colloquens

Etymology
Present participle of.

Participle

 * 1) conversing, discussing

title: colloquens


text: conloquentes

title: conloquentes


text: conloquentia

title: conloquentia


text: conloquentis

title: conloquentis


text: conloquentium

title: conloquentium


text: conloquenti

title: conloquenti


text: conloquente

title: conloquente


text: conloquentibus

title: conloquentibus


text: conloquentem

title: conloquentem


text: colloquentes

title: colloquentes


text: colloquentia

title: colloquentia


text: colloquentis

title: colloquentis


text: colloquentium

title: colloquentium


text: colloquenti

title: colloquenti


text: colloquente

title: colloquente


text: colloquentibus

title: colloquentibus


text: colloquentem

title: colloquentem


text: connumeras

title: connumeras


text: connumerat

title: connumerat


text: connumeramus

title: connumeramus


text: connumeratis

title: connumeratis


text: connumerant

title: connumerant


text: connumerabo

title: connumerabo


text: connumerabis

title: connumerabis


text: connumerabit

title: connumerabit


text: connumerabimus

title: connumerabimus


text: connumerabitis

title: connumerabitis