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Halle (Saale)

Halle (Saale), or simply Halle (from the 15th to the 17th century: Hall in Sachsen; until the beginning of the 20th century: Halle an der Saale ; from 1965 to 1995: Halle/Saale) is the largest city of the German state of Saxony-Anhalt, the fifth-most populous city in the area of former East Germany after (East) Berlin, Leipzig, Dresden and Chemnitz, as well as the 31st-largest city of Germany, and with around 244,000 inhabitants, it is slightly more populous than the state capital of Magdeburg. Together with Leipzig, the largest city of Saxony, Halle forms the polycentric Leipzig-Halle conurbation. Between the two cities, in Schkeuditz, lies Leipzig/Halle International Airport. The Leipzig-Halle conurbation is at the heart of the larger Central German Metropolitan Region.

Halle lies in the south of Saxony-Anhalt, in the Leipzig Bay, the southernmost part of the North German Plain, and is the largest city on the River Saale (a tributary of the Elbe), which is the third-longest river flowing entirely in Germany after the Weser and the Main. The White Elster flows into the Saale in the southern borough of Silberhöhe. Halle is the fourth-largest city in the Thuringian-Upper Saxon dialect area after Leipzig, Dresden and Chemnitz.

Halle is one of the main economic and educational centers of Central Germany. The Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, with campuses in Halle and Wittenberg, is the largest university in Saxony-Anhalt and one of the oldest universities in Germany. The university hospital of Halle (Universitätsklinikum Halle (Saale)) is the largest hospital in the state. The German National Academy of Sciences (Leopoldina) has its seat in Halle. Halle is an important radio hub - Halle Radio Tower is Germany's second-tallest lattice tower, and at night many public German radio stations from all over the country switch to the broadcasting center of Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk in Halle which is responsible for the night program.

The Halle tramway is one of the most extensive German tramway networks, and Halle (Saale) Hauptbahnhof is the second-most important hub of the S-Bahn Mitteldeutschland rapid transit network after Leipzig Hauptbahnhof. The Saale-Elster Viaduct, the longest bridge in Germany and longest high-speed rail bridge in Europe, which is part of the Erfurt–Leipzig/Halle high-speed railway, runs through the southern borough of Planena.

The Nebra sky disc that was discovered in Nebra in the Unstrut valley between Halle and Erfurt, is exhibited in the Halle State Museum of Prehistory. The city is the birthplace of composer George Frideric Handel, who was born in the Handel House that has been converted into a music museum.

Geography
Halle (Saale) is located in the southern part of Saxony-Anhalt in central Germany, along the river Saale which drains the surrounding plains and the greater part of the neighboring Free State of Thuringia just to its south, and the Thuringian basin, northwards from the Thuringian Forest. Leipzig, one of Germany's major cities, is only 35 km away. Its area is 135.01 km2.

Climate
Köppen climate classification classifies its climate as oceanic (Cfb). However, it is close to being a cold semi-arid climate (BSk). Using the most current climate data from April 2017 to March 2022, the annual precipitation is 17 mm too much to be classified as a cold semi-arid climate. For example, using the climate data from September 2015 to August 2020, the climate would fulfill the requirements to be classified as a cold semi-arid climate. Notwithstanding, the great variation of annual precipitation between the years allows agriculture and large trees to grow, surviving recurring drought periods and years like in the summers of 2018 and 2019 with severe drought because of regularly occurring wet periods and years and absence of extremely hot temperatures with never reaching 40 C. With its vegetation, Halle is far from the steppe or semi-desert vegetation typical of cold semi-arid climates.

Name
Halle's early history is connected with the harvesting of salt. The name of the river Saale contains the Germanic root for salt, and salt-harvesting has taken place in Halle since at least the Bronze Age (2300–600 BC).

From 1965 to 1995, the official name was Halle/Saale.

Middle Ages until industrialisation
The earliest documented mention of Halle dates from AD 806. It became a part of the Archbishopric of Magdeburg in the 10th century and remained so until 1680, when the Margraviate of Brandenburg annexed it together with Magdeburg as the Duchy of Magdeburg, while it was an important location for Martin Luther's Reformation in the 16th century. Cardinal Albert of Mainz (Archbishop of Magdeburg from 1513 to 1545) also impacted on the town in this period. According to historic documents, the city of Halle became a member of the Hanseatic League at least as early as 1281.

Halle became a center for Pietism, a movement encouraged by King Frederick William I of Prussia (reigned 1713–1740) because it caused the area's large Lutheran population to be more inclined to Fredrick William I's religion (Calvinism), as well as more loyal to the Prussian king instead of to the decentralized feudal system. By the 1740s Halle had established many orphanages as well as schools for the wealthy in the sober style Pietism encouraged. This Halle education was the first time the "modern education" system was established. The Halle Pietists also combatted poverty.

During the War of the Fourth Coalition, French and Prussian forces clashed in the Battle of Halle on 17 October 1806. The fighting moved from the covered bridges on the city's west side, through the streets and market place, to the eastern suburbs.

In 1815 Halle became part of the Prussian Province of Saxony.

World War II (1939–1945)
During World War II, KZ-Außenlager Birkhahn, a subcamp of Buchenwald was in Halle, where prisoners from Poland, Czechoslovakia, the Soviet Union, France, Netherlands and other nations were forced to work in the Siebel aircraft plants, making combat aircraft. The plant was later dismantled. In Ammendorf, a large factory owned by produced mustard gas.

Near the end of World War II, there were two bombing raids carried out against the town: the first on 31 March 1945, the second a few days later. The first attack took place between the railway station and the city's centre, and the second bombing was in the southern district. It killed over 1,000 inhabitants and destroyed 3,600 buildings. Among them, are the Market Church, St. George Church, the Old Town Hall, the municipal theatre, historic buildings on Bruederstrasse and on Grosse Steinstrasse, and the city cemetery.

On 17 April 1945, American soldiers occupied Halle, and the Red Tower was set on fire by artillery and destroyed. The Market Church and the Church of St. George received more hits. However, the city was spared further damage because an aerial bombardment was canceled, after former naval officer Felix von Luckner negotiated the city's surrender to the American army. In July, the Americans withdrew and the city was occupied by the Red Army.

German Democratic Republic (1949–1990)
After World War II, Halle served as the capital of the short-lived administrative region of Saxony-Anhalt until 1952, when the East German government abolished its "Länder" (states). As a part of East Germany (until 1990), it functioned as the capital of the administrative district (Bezirk) of Halle.

Since German unity (after 1990)
When Saxony-Anhalt was re-established as a Bundesland in 1990, Magdeburg, not Halle, became the capital.

On 9 October 2019, two people were killed in a shooting incident at a synagogue in Halle. The Federal Prosecutor (Generalbundesanwalt) classified the attack as an act of right-wing terrorism stemming from antisemitism; as a consequence security measures at Jewish facilities were increased.

Population
Halle has a population of about 238,000 and is the largest city in Saxony-Anhalt State. In the East Germany era, Halle had a lot of big industry with many workplaces. At the time Halle was one of the leading cities in East Germany, along with Leipzig and Dresden. Halle reached its highest population in 1991 with about 305,000 people. Since German reunification, Halle's population began to decline due to its loss of industry, with many people moving to former West Germany. Halle is now considered one of the poorest cities in Germany. Halle's foreign population began to grow in 2015 after refugees from Syria and other war torn countries moved to Halle.

Population of foreign residents:

Mayor
The current mayor of Halle is independent politician Bernd Wiegand since 2012. The most recent mayoral election was held on 13 October 2019, with a runoff held on 27 October, and the results were as follows:

! rowspan=2 colspan=2| Candidate ! rowspan=2| Party ! colspan=2| First round ! colspan=2| Second round ! Votes ! % ! Votes ! % ! colspan=3| Valid votes ! 79,883 ! 99.4 ! 67,195 ! 99.1 ! colspan=3| Invalid votes ! 451 ! 0.6 ! 625 ! 0.9 ! colspan=3| Total ! 80,334 ! 100.0 ! 67,820 ! 100.0 ! colspan=3| Electorate/voter turnout ! 189,583 ! 42.4 ! 189,208 ! 35.8
 * bgcolor=|
 * align=left| Bernd Wiegand
 * align=left| Independent
 * 35,419
 * 44.3
 * 41,273
 * 61.4
 * bgcolor=|
 * align=left| Hendrik Lange
 * align=left| Left/SPD/Greens
 * 20,104
 * 25.2
 * 25,922
 * 38.6
 * bgcolor=|
 * align=left| Andreas Silbersack
 * align=left| FDP/CDU
 * 18,310
 * 22.9
 * bgcolor=|
 * align=left| Daniel Schrader
 * align=left| Independent
 * 1,954
 * 2.5
 * bgcolor=|
 * align=left| Falko Kadzimirisz
 * align=left| Free Voters
 * 1,613
 * 2.0
 * bgcolor=|
 * align=left| Dörte Jacobi
 * align=left| Independent (PARTEI)
 * 1,598
 * 2.0
 * bgcolor=|
 * align=left| Rolf Lennart Thiemann
 * align=left| Independent
 * 488
 * 0.6
 * bgcolor=|
 * align=left| Martin Bochmann
 * align=left| Independent (PARTEI)
 * 397
 * 0.5
 * 488
 * 0.6
 * bgcolor=|
 * align=left| Martin Bochmann
 * align=left| Independent (PARTEI)
 * 397
 * 0.5
 * 0.5
 * colspan=7| Source: City of Halle (Saale)
 * }
 * }

City council
The most recent city council election was held on 26 May 2019, and the results were as follows:

! colspan=2| Party ! Votes ! % ! +/- ! Seats ! +/-
 * bgcolor=|
 * align=left| The Left (Die Linke)
 * 55,951
 * 17.8
 * 7.3
 * 10
 * 4
 * bgcolor=|
 * align=left| Christian Democratic Union (CDU)
 * 54,831
 * 17.4
 * 7.7
 * 10
 * 4
 * 10
 * 4

! colspan=2| Total ! 314,722 ! 100.0 ! ! ! ! colspan=2| Valid votes ! 106,352 ! 98.3 ! ! ! ! colspan=2| Invalid votes ! 1,796 ! 1.7 ! ! ! ! colspan=2| Total ! 108,148 ! 100.0 ! ! 56 ! ±0 ! colspan=2| Electorate/voter turnout ! 191,030 ! 56.6 ! 16.2 ! !
 * bgcolor=|
 * align=left| Alliance 90/The Greens (Grüne)
 * 51,239
 * 16.3
 * 6.2
 * 9
 * 3
 * bgcolor=|
 * align=left| Alternative for Germany (AfD)
 * 44,028
 * 14.0
 * 9.4
 * 8
 * 5
 * bgcolor=|
 * align=left| Social Democratic Party (SPD)
 * 35,489
 * 11.3
 * 7.9
 * 6
 * 5
 * align=left| Priority Halle (Hauptsache)
 * 21,637
 * 6.9
 * New
 * 3
 * New
 * bgcolor=|
 * align=left| Free Democratic Party (FDP)
 * 16,904
 * 5.4
 * 1.1
 * 3
 * 1
 * align=left| With Citizens for Halle (MitBürger)
 * 14,051
 * 4.5
 * 1.1
 * 3
 * ±0
 * bgcolor=|
 * align=left| Die PARTEI (PARTEI)
 * 10,760
 * 3.4
 * 2.5
 * 2
 * 1
 * bgcolor=|
 * align=left| Free Voters (FW)
 * 6,568
 * 2.1
 * 1.4
 * 1
 * 1
 * colspan=7 bgcolor=lightgrey|
 * align=left| Team Schrader (Schrader)
 * 2,576
 * 0.8
 * New
 * 0
 * New
 * bgcolor=|
 * align=left| National Democratic Party (NPD)
 * 738
 * 0.2
 * 1.0
 * 0
 * 1
 * 2,576
 * 0.8
 * New
 * 0
 * New
 * bgcolor=|
 * align=left| National Democratic Party (NPD)
 * 738
 * 0.2
 * 1.0
 * 0
 * 1
 * 1
 * colspan=7| Source: City of Halle (Saale)
 * }
 * }

Sights

 * Halloren Chocolate Factory and visitors' centre, Germany's oldest chocolate factory still in use.
 * Giebichenstein Castle, first mentioned in 961, is north of the city centre on a hill above the Saale river, with a museum in the upper castle and the Burg Giebichenstein University of Art and Design in the lower castle.
 * Moritzburg, a newer castle, was built between 1484 and 1503. It was the residence of the Archbishops of Magdeburg, was destroyed in the Thirty Years' War, and was a ruin for centuries afterward. Partially reconstructed in 1901–1913, it is an art gallery today. The reconstruction was completed with the opening of new exhibition rooms designed by the Spanish architects Sobejano and Nieto in 2010.
 * Neue Residenz (New Residence), an early Renaissance palace (1531–1537)
 * Market square with
 * Market Church of St. Mary (Marktkirche), built in 1529–1554, using elements of two medieval churches, St. Gertrude's Church dating back to the 11th century and the older St. Mary's Church from the 12th century. The church has four steeples, the two western octagonal ones are called Blue Towers because of their dark blue slate roofing. The other two Hausmannstürme are connected by a bridge and on this bridge was the city's fire watch. The church owns the original death-mask of Martin Luther. The Marktkirche's four towers is a landmark symbol of the city.
 * Roter Turm (Red Tower), originally built as campanile of the older St. Mary's Church between 1418 and 1503, a landmark of Halle, with the steeples of St. Mary's Church forms the five towers marking the city's skyline.
 * Roland, originally (13th century) a wooden sculpture representing urban liberty (after an uprising in the city, a cage was placed around it between 1481 and 1513, a reminder of the restrictions). Today's sculpture is a sandstone replica made in 1719.
 * Marktschlösschen, late Renaissance building, gallery and tourist information office
 * Monument to George Frideric Handel, 1859 by Hermann Heidel
 * Ratshof (Council's Yard), built in 1928/29 as a backyard building of the Old Town Hall (demolished in 1948/50 after the destruction of World War II, so the Ratshof is situated today directly on the market square).
 * Stadthaus, Renaissance-Revival building of 1891–1894
 * Yellow line, which runs over the market square, marking a geological fault line, the Hallische Verwerfung.
 * Handel House, first mentioned in 1558, birthplace of George Frideric Handel, a museum since 1948
 * Wilhelm Friedemann Bach House, home of composer Wilhelm Friedemann Bach, now a museum
 * Old Market square with Donkey's Fountain (1906/13), referring to a local legend
 * Remains of the town fortifications: the Leipzig Tower (Leipziger Turm) (15th century) in the east and remains of the town wall to the south of the city centre.
 * Sculpture dedicated to Lenin in the Pestalozzi Park.
 * Francke Foundations, Baroque buildings (including Europe's largest surviving half-timbered building) and historical collections
 * Stadtgottesacker, a Renaissance cemetery, laid out in 1557, in the style of an Italian camposanto
 * Saline Museum is dedicated to Halle's salt-works and the corporation of salt workers (Halloren)
 * Cathedral (Dom), a steepleless building, was originally a church within a Dominican monastery (1271), converted into a cathedral by cardinal Albert of Hohenzollern. Since 1688, it has been the church of the Reformed parish.
 * Saint Maurice Church, late Gothic building (1388–1511)
 * Saint Ulrich Church, late Gothic church of the Servite Order (15th century), today used as a concert hall
 * Church of the former village of Böllberg (Romanesque, with late Gothic painted wooden ceiling)
 * Numerous bourgeois town houses, including the Ackerbürgerhof (15th – 18th centuries with remains from the 12th century), Christian Wolff's House (today City Museum), Graseweg House (half-timbered building)
 * State Museum of Prehistory where the Nebra sky disk is exhibited
 * Volkspark (1906/07), former meeting house of the Social Democrats
 * Theatres:
 * Halle Opera House
 * Neues Theater
 * Puppentheather
 * Thalia Theater, the only theatre for children in Saxony-Anhalt
 * Steintor Bühne
 * Parks and gardens:
 * Botanical Garden of the Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, founded in 1698 in the former gardens of the Archbishops of Magdeburg, belonging to the Garden Dreams project
 * Reichardts Garten is a historic park, part of the Garden Dreams project. Laid out in 1794 by Johann Friedrich Reichardt (1752–1814) as an English garden, becoming the "accommodation of Romanticism". It changed ownership several times and the city of Halle bought the park in 1903 to give the public wider access.
 * Peißnitz Island
 * Pestalozzi Park
 * Zoological Garden (Bergzoo), situated on the Reilsberg hill.
 * Galgenberge, location of the gallows from the 14th to the end of the 18th century
 * Klausberge, porphyry hill, named after a chapel of the St. Nicholas' brotherhood, panoramic view over the Saale Valley, Eichendorff's bench
 * Dölauer Heide forest, including Bischofs Wiese with 35 graves dating back to about 2500–2000 BC, the Neolithic period
 * Racecourse in the Passendorf Meadows
 * Halle-Neustadt, to the west of Halle, built beginning 1964 (foundation stone ceremony 15 July 1964) as a socialist model city. Still has several monuments from the GDR, as a giant mural dedicated to Lenin.

Industrial heritage

Salt, also known as white gold, was extracted from four "Borns" (well-like structures). The four Borns/brine named Gutjahrbrunnen, Meteritzbrunnen, Deutscher Born and Hackeborn, were located around the Hallmarket (or "Under Market"), now a market square with a fountain, just across from the TV station, MDR. The brine was highly concentrated and boiled in Koten, simple structured houses made from reed and clay. Salters, who wore a unique uniform with eighteen silver buttons, were known as Halloren, and this name was later used for the chocolates in the shape of these buttons.

The Halloren-Werke, the oldest chocolate factory in Germany, was founded in 1804. Old documents are on display and a chocolate room can be visited.

Within East Germany, Halle's chemical industry, now mainly shut down, was of great importance. The two main companies in the region were Buna-Werke and Leuna, and Halle-Neustadt was built in the 1960s to accommodate the employees of these two factories.

Science and culture
Baroque composer Georg Friedrich Händel (later George Frideric Handel) was born in Halle in 1685 and spent the first 17 years of his life in the city. The house where he lived is now a museum about his life. To celebrate his music, Halle has staged a Handel Festival since 1922, annually in June since 1952. The Franckesche Stiftungen (Francke Foundations) are home to the , which was founded before the year 1116 and is one of the oldest boys' choirs in the world.

The University of Halle was founded here in 1694. It is now combined with the University of Wittenberg and called the Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg. The university's medical school was established by Friedrich Hoffmann. Its botanical garden, the Botanische Garten der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, dates back to 1698. Halle's German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina is the oldest and one of the most respected scientific societies in Germany. Halle is also home to Germany's oldest Protestant church library, known as the, with 27,000 titles. The seat of the Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology, one of the world's largest social anthropological research institutions and a part of the Max Planck Society, is in Halle.

Halle was a centre of German Pietism and played an important role in establishing the Lutheran church in North America, when Henry Muhlenberg and others were sent as missionaries to Pennsylvania in the mid-18th century. Muhlenberg is now called the first Patriarch of the Lutheran Church in America. He and his son, Frederick Muhlenberg, who was the first Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, were graduates of Halle University.

The Silver Treasure of the Halloren is displayed occasionally at the Technical Museum Saline. It is a unique collection of silver and gold goblets dating back to 1266. The ancient craft of "Schausieden" (boiling of the brine) can be observed there too. The State Museum of Prehistory houses the Nebra sky disk, a significant (though unproven) Bronze-Age find with astronomical significance.

Halle Zoo contributes to the EAZA breeding programme, in particular for the Angolan lion and the Malaysian tiger. Halle is also known for its thriving coypu (or nutria) population, which is native to South America.

With writers such as Heine, Eichendorff, Schleiermacher, Tieck and Novalis the town was a vibrant scene of the German Romanticism. Also Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was a regular guest at the house of his close friend Johann Friedrich Reichardt.

German-American expressionist painter Lyonel Feininger worked in Halle on an invitation by the city from 1929 to 1931. As one of eleven views of the city termed Halle Cycle, he painted in 1931 Die Türme über der Stadt (The towers above the city), which is now in the Museum Ludwig in Cologne. This painting appeared on a 55 eurocent stamp on 5 December 2002 as a part of the series "Deutsche Malerei des 20. Jahrhunderts" (German painting of the 20th century).

Transport history
Ludwig Wucherer made Halle an important rail hub in central Germany. In 1840 he opened the Magdeburg-Halle-Leipzig line, completing a connection between Magdeburg and Dresden. From 1841 to 1860, other lines to Erfurt, Kassel and Berlin followed.

The centrepiece of Halle's urban public transport system is the Halle (Saale) tramway network. It includes the world's first major electric-powered inner-city tram line, which was opened in 1891. Halle (Saale) Hauptbahnhof is the main railway station.

Halle's prominence as a railway centre grew with the arrival of the Erfurt-Leipzig/Halle high-speed railway. Leipzig is also connected to this route, but since it is mostly a terminus station (the Leipzig City Tunnel, opened in 2013, is mostly used by suburban S-Bahn trains and unsuitable for the high-speed network) and the route via Halle is shorter, Halle is used as an intermediate stop by many Berlin-Munich trains.

Leipzig/Halle Airport (opened in 1927) is an international airport located in Schkeuditz, Saxony, and serves both Leipzig, Saxony, and Halle, Saxony-Anhalt. it is Germany's 11th largest airport by passengers, handling more than 2.57 million mainly with flights to European leisure destinations. In terms of cargo traffic, the airport is the fifth-busiest in Europe and the second-busiest in Germany after Frankfurt Airport.

Sports
The football team Hallescher FC Wacker 1900 had some regional importance before World War II. In the German Championship Wacker reached the semi-finals in 1921, and the quarter-finals in 1928. The successor team became East German champions in 1949 and 1952 under the names of ZSG Union and BSG Turbine Halle. From these evolved today's Turbine Halle and Hallescher FC. In the era of the German Democratic Republic, the latter club (as Chemie Halle ) was a mainstay in the first division and won the Cup tournament in 1956 and 1962. The most prominent player was 72-times international Bernd Bransch, who was with Chemie in the 1960s and 1970s. These days, Hallescher FC usually plays in the third division.

The general sports club , originating from Chemie Halle, created a notable number of Olympic gold medallists and world champions, mainly in nautical and watersports, e.g., swimmer Kornelia Ender won four Olympic gold medals in 1976 and Andreas Hajek won four rowing world championships between 1998 and 2001. The basketball team of the club – these days known as Lions and focusing on the woman's team which plays in the national first division – won five men's and 10 women's championships of the German Democratic Republic. The Hallescher FC's location is extremely close to a train station.

Public service

 * Clemens von Delbrück (1856–1921) conservative politician, Vice-Chancellor of Germany 1908–1916
 * Helga Einsele (1910–2005) a criminologist, prison director and high-profile prisons reformer.
 * Gerhard Feige (born 1951), bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Magdeburg
 * August Hermann Francke (1663–1727), Lutheran Pietist theologian at the University of Halle and founder of the Halle Orphan House complex.
 * Hans-Dietrich Genscher (1927–2016), former Vice Chancellor and longest serving Foreign Minister, (1974 to 1992), was born in Reideburg, which belongs to Halle today
 * Gerald Götting (1923–2015) chairman of the East German Christian Democratic Union, 1966–1989.
 * Margot Honecker (1927–2016) First Lady of the German Democratic Republic, 1976–1989
 * Friedrich Ludwig Jahn (1778–1852), theology student of University Halle 1796–1800, went into hiding using a porphyry cave along the river Saale. It became known as the "Jahn-Höhle" (Cave).
 * Christian Andreas Käsebier (1710–1757), intelligence operative for Frederick the Great, robber and swindler, born and raised in Halle
 * Carl Lampert, (1894–1944), priest, beheaded by Nazis in World War II at Halle
 * Hans Litten (1903–1938), lawyer, represented opponents of the Nazis at trials from 1929 and 1932
 * Johann David Michaelis (1717–1791) a Prussian biblical scholar and teacher.
 * Frederick Muhlenberg (1750–1801), the first Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, graduated at Halle University.
 * George Müller (1805–1898), preacher and philanthropist, coordinator of orphanages in Bristol.
 * Cornelia Pieper (born 1959) a German politician, now German consul general in Gdańsk, Poland.
 * Richard Raatzsch (born 1957), philosopher and professor of practical philosophy
 * Princess Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg (1619–1680), a princess of Saxe-Altenburg
 * Fabian von Schlabrendorff (1907–1980), lawyer, officer, judge and member of the German resistance
 * Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher (1768–1834), university preacher and professor of theology to the University of Halle, where he remained until 1807.
 * Fabian von Schlabrendorff (1907–1980) a jurist, soldier and member of the German resistance and judge of the German Federal Constitutional Court.
 * Albrecht Schröter (born 1955), politician (SPD) and mayor of Jena from 2006 to 2018.
 * Gertrud Schubart-Fikentscher (1896–1985) first female professor of Law from 1948 for 17 years
 * Ullrich Sierau (born 1956), politician (SPD) and mayor of Dortmund from 2010 to 2020
 * John Sigismund, Elector of Brandenburg (1572–1619) a Prince-elector of the Margraviate of Brandenburg
 * Hans-Christian Ströbele (born 1939), politician (Greens) and member of the Bundestag
 * Johann Friedrich Struensee (1737–1772) a German physician, philosopher and statesman.
 * Ľudovít Štúr (1815–1856), Slovak national leader, linguist and writer, studied at the University of Halle in 1838–1840

Military

 * Max von Bahrfeldt (1856–1936), Prussian General, local historian, and world renown numismatist, died here in 1936
 * Reinhard Heydrich (1904–1942), a leading Nazi in WWII and a main architect of the Holocaust
 * Ludolf von Alvensleben (1901–1970) an SS functionary, fled to Argentina after WWII
 * Oswald Boelcke (1891–1916), World War I German flying ace, born near Halle
 * Karl von Eberstein (1894–1979) German nobility, early member of the Nazi Party, the SA and the SS.
 * Walter Eisfeld (1905–1940), Nazi SS concentration camp commandant
 * Paul Götze (1903–1948), Nazi SS officer at Auschwitz and Buchenwald concentration camps executed for war crimes
 * Johannes Hassebroek (1910–1977), Nazi SS commandant of Gross-Rosen concentration camp.
 * Karl Freiherr von Müffling (1775–1851), Prussian general field marshal.

Science

 * Bernd Baselt (1934–1993), university professor, published a catalogue leading to the modern day opus designator (HWV) which is used when referring to the works of George Frideric Handel.
 * Dorothea Christiane Erxleben of Quedlinburg (1715–1762) received her Doctor of Medicine degree in 1754 from the Medical Department of Martin Luther University (MLU)
 * Georg Cantor (1845–1918), mathematician and professor at the university of Halle
 * Arthur Golf (1877–1941) an academic agronomist, focussed on colonial agriculture
 * Siegwart Horst Günther (1925–2015), a German physician,'father of the anti-uranium-weapons movement in Germany', born in Halle
 * Friedrich Hoffmann (1660–1742), a German physician and chemist.
 * Christian Knaut (1656–1716), doctor, botanist and librarian
 * Andreas Libavius (1550–1616), practised alchemy, wrote the book Alchemia, a chemistry textbook
 * Felix Jacob Marchand (1846–1928) a German pathologist, coined the term atherosclerosis
 * Leonhard Sohncke (1842–1897), mathematician and professor of physics
 * Georg Wilhelm Steller (1709–1746), a botanist, zoologist, physician and explorer of Siberia, Kamchatka and Alaska
 * Charles Tanford (1921–2009), American protein chemist, born in Halle as Karl Tannenbaum
 * Christian Friedrich von Völkner (1728–1796), German translator and historian in Russia

Arts

 * Conny Bauer (born 1943) & Johannes Bauer (1954–2016) jazz trombonists.
 * Johann Friedrich Bause (1738–1814) a copper engraver; primarily of portraits.
 * Ursula Brömme (1931–2001), operatic soprano
 * Thuon Burtevitz (born 1973), composer
 * Heinrich Andreas Contius (1708–1795) an organ builder in the Baltic States
 * Susanne Daubner (born 1962), German news and television presenter
 * Lyonel Feininger (1871–1956), painter of several famous images in Halle, incl. Der Dom in Halle.
 * Ernst Flügel (1844–1912) a German Romantic composer.
 * Robert Franz (1815–1892) a German composer, mainly of lieder.
 * Moritz Götze (born 1964), artist, painter, sculptor, born and lives in Halle
 * Georg Friedrich Händel (1685–1759), Baroque composer, born and raised in Halle.
 * Carola Helbing-Erben (born 1952), textile artist
 * Claire Heliot (1866–1953) a German lion tamer.
 * Johann Georg Ludwig Hesekiel (1819–1874), author and journalist.
 * Nickel Hoffmann (1536–1592), mastermason, worked over 30 years in Halle, including the Market Church and the Composanto
 * August Lafontaine (1758–1831), a writer of sentimental novels, then hugely popular, died in Halle
 * Georg Listing (born 1987), bassist from the Magdeburg-based band, Tokio Hotel
 * Johann Friedrich Naue (1787–1858), classical composer
 * Ursula Noack (1918–1988) a cabaret artiste, film and stage actress and chanson singer
 * Kai Pflaume (born 1967), German television presenter, born in Halle
 * Johann Friedrich Reichardt (1752–1814), composer, writer and music critic, lived in Halle. He was a close friend of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
 * Samuel Scheidt (1587–1654), Baroque composer and organist, spent most of his life in Halle
 * Hellmut Schnackenburg (1902–1974), conductor
 * Daniel Gottlob Türk (1756–1813), classical composer, was born in Halle in 1750, and was a professor at the University of Halle
 * Anja Daniela Wagner (born 1969), operatic mezzo-soprano
 * Paul Weigel (1867–1951) a German-American actor, appearing in over 110 films between 1916 and 1945.

Sport

 * Bernd Bransch (1944–2022) a footballer with 317 club caps and 64 for East Germany
 * Waldemar Cierpinski (born 1950), East German athlete and twice Olympic Champion, lives in Halle
 * Fritz Huschke von Hanstein (1911–1996) a German racing driver, worked for Porsche
 * Yoan Pablo Hernández (born 1984), Cruiserweight boxing champion (immigrated from Cuba)
 * Marita Lange (born 1943), shot putter, silver medallist at the 1968 Summer Olympics
 * Lothar Milde (born 1934) East German discus thrower, silver medallist at the 1968 Summer Olympics
 * Jochen Pietzsch (born 1963) a former East German luger, he won gold in at the 1988 Winter Olympics and bronze in 1984.
 * Conny Pohlers (born 1978) a German former footballer with 67 caps with Germany women
 * Torsten Spanneberg (born 1975) an team bronze medal winner in the 4×100 m medley relay at the 2000 Summer Olympics
 * Andreas Wank (born 1988), German ski jumper, team gold medallist at the 2014 Winter Olympics
 * Ulrich Wehling (born 1952) a retired German skier who won the nordic combined event in the Winter Olympics three consecutive times, in 1972, 1976, and 1980.
 * Dariusz Wosz (born 1969) a German football coach and former player with 563 club caps and 17 for Germany

Twin towns – sister cities
Halle is twinned with:

 * 🇫🇮 Oulu, Finland (1968)
 * 🇦🇹 Linz, Austria (1975)
 * 🇫🇷 Grenoble, France (1976)
 * 🇷🇺 Ufa, Russia (1977)
 * 🇩🇪 Karlsruhe, Germany (1987)
 * 🇨🇳 Jiaxing, China (2009)
 * 🇺🇸 Savannah, United States (2011)
 * 🇦🇲 Gyumri, Armenia (2023)

Friendly cities
Halle also has friendly relations with:
 * Coimbra, Portugal (1976)
 * 🇩🇪 Hildesheim, Germany (1990)

Nearby towns
Halle (Saale) and Leipzig are the two centres of the Central German Metropolitan Region with more than 2.4 million people.

Rivalry with Magdeburg
Magdeburg, which is the 2nd largest city in Saxony-Anhalt and its state capital has a big rivalry with Halle since the founding of the federal state. Both cities have very similar populations. Magdeburg is about 100 km (62.137 miles) away from Halle. Both cities compete to be the best city of the state.

title: Halle (Saale)


text:
Talk:September 11 attacks/Archive 1

Times
Also, it might be better to approximate all times unless the media settle on a time that the events happen. Currently there are a lot of discrepancies.

 * has it that the times are 8:48 and 9:03. An earlier graphic available there had the times as 8:50 and 9:01.
 * says 8:45 and 9:03.

Originally on the main page: 8:48 AM EDT on September 11, 2001 ... 9:06 AM EDT,

Symbolism Theories and/or Palestinian Involvement
It is very clear that this attack was well planned. You can see from the choice of date, time, target and even flight number is picked around the US emergency number 911. The date is Sept 11, the time is around around 9am, they probably wanted to hit exactly on 9:11am but it would be hard to really control the flight time. One of the flight chosen was flight 11. The WTC twin towers look like 11 in new york skylines.

The news said this week also coincide with the Israeli Palestine peace talk by Jimmy Carter at Camp David. One of the plane crashed in Pennsylvania and believed to target Camp David.

There are many symbolism used in this attack and everything seems to point to the Palestinian though they denied their involvement.

The Palestinian claims responsibility initially when the damage was relatively minor. They probably only wanted to leave two big holes in one of US icon. But when the buildings collapsed and killed tens of thousands of people, they realized they have done more than they planned so they reverted their claim. That is just what any coward would do.

 * This is purely speculative, and I should think, doubtful. - Tim

Why al-Qaeda chose the date of September 11
I am sorry, but I cannot agree with any of theories I read during these years about the date chosen by al-Qaeda. As European I think this is due to the youth of the U.S.A. and its lack of history.

At first we must ask ourselves what Islam says, why al-Qaeda was born, what al-Qaeda wants and who are the Heads.

The main principle of the Muslim Religion is in few words: "Allah is one and Mohammed is his Profhet".

The main figure in the Islam is the Caliph. The first Caliph was Adam.

The Islam overruns the conception of Indipendent States, such as Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Egypt, Lybanon, Palestine, Jordan, Syria, Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Libya, Sudan and Turkey.

al-Qaeda as radical fundamentalist Islamic group, whose name means "the base" in English", has the main purpose to establish the pure application of the Muslim Religion just under one Guide, the Caliph, and to restore the Caliphate over the whole Islamic World.

Osama bin Laden and Ayman al-Zawahiri are founders and senior members of al-Qaeda's shura council, and come from prominent high class families.

"We are in a new phase of a very old war" says - at the beginning of an Islamic website - the title of a townscape painted by Italian painter Bernardo Bellotto (Venice 1721-1780 Warsaw), called Canaletto, between 1759/1761 in Vienna in a series of 13 prospects and reproducing the exact topographical urban panorama from the Belvedere (palace).

This perspective construction unfolds between the gardens of both the Schwarzenberg Palace and the Belvedere itself in the foreground to a row of stately Baroque palaces and churches in the middle focal plane of the painting. These buildings are evidence of the active construction "boom" in Vienna after the second Turkish siege in 1683.

But why the Belvedere (palace)?

The Belvedere (palace) is a baroque complex built by Prince Eugene of Savoy in the 3rd district of Vienna, south-east of the city center.

After buying the plot of land in 1697, Prince Eugene had a large park created. The Schloss Belvedere began as a suburban entertainment villa: in 1714 work began to erect what is now called the Lower Belvedere, not as a palace but as a garden villa, with an orangerie and paintings gallery, with suitable living quarters. The architect was Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt, one of the most important architects of the Austrian Baroque, who produced in the complex of buildings his masterwork.

And who was Prince Eugene of Savoy?

Prince Eugene of Savoy was one of the most brilliant generals in the history of the Habsburg Empire and took part in the first large-scale battle of the Habsburg-Ottoman Wars, the Battle of Vienna in 1683.

After a mass in a Chapel in Kahlenberg at the gates of Vienna on September 11, 1683, in the morning, Jan III Sobieski King of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and commander in Chief of the Christian Army of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, moved against the Muslim Armies of the Sultan Mehmed IV, commanded by Grand Vizier Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha, and defeated. The battle finished on September 12, 1683, about at 17 p.m.

The battle marked the turning point in the 300-year struggle between the forces of the Central European kingdoms, and the Ottoman Empire. Over the sixteen years following the battle, the Habsburgs of Austria, and their allies gradually occupied and dominated southern Hungary and Transylvania, which had been largely cleared by the Turkish forces.

The date of September 11, 2001 attacks chosen by al-Qaeda could mean the beginning and the revenge of a "very old War" against the Infidels.

WP response
Someone had set up a memorial wiki of sorts at http://sknkwrks.ath.cx:1957/91101/wiki.pl By the way, I'd like to thank those people who were so quick to document the tragedy here...I found out more from wiki than I found out from the news. The text of Bush's address should be added too.

Yes, it is quite remarkable. This article has received quite a lot of attention--well over 200 edits in about 27 hours--I just look forward to the time when we get that same unity of purpose on less tragic subjects too. --KQ

I know this isn't a discussion forum but i'd like to thank Wikipedia too for keeping me up to date yesterday. I was stuck in my office here in Northern Ireland during the attack with no tv, no radio and all the news sites were down. - JamieTheFoool

Terror Tuesday
I haven't yet heard the phrase "Terror Tuesday." Has anyone else? Also, does anyone know why, after some people edit a page, an extra carriage return is added at the end of every paragraph? That's very annoying to remove for such a huge article! --LMS

I've included The Terror Tuesday expression (I've read it somewhere). Didn't know that I should edit this page first...

Who said it? I don't think Wikipedia should call it that just because you've "read it somewhere." You don't need to edit this page first, usually.

"Terror Tuesday" may refer to Tuesday, 29 May 1543,the day the Ottoman captured Constantanople. Details are spelled out in Nicolo Barbaro's "Diary of the Siege of Constantinople 1453."

User Tech Problems
Please, 200.204.171.xxx, when you edit a page, it (automatically, apparently) adds carriage returns after EVERY PARAGRAPH. This is extremely annoying. Can you think of any reason why this is happening? --LMS --- Regarding the carriage returns... perhaps it's because I'm running Linux and there's a difference between Win32 CrLf and *nix " " I think... it also could be because I'm using Opera (but this is less likely).
 * Well, until you figure it out, could you please not edit pages? I'm getting tired of removing all the extra spaces. --LMS

Actually, it's more likely to be your browser's fault than the OS. I've edited pages from Unix boxes with no problem--the edited text gets passed back to Bomis via HTTP by the browser, and HTTP is very standardized regardless of the OSes at each end, so it the text gets mangled it's probably the browser. --LDC

It is in fact an Opera-for-Linux bug. I reported this bug to Opera several months ago when I discovered it but it's not been fixed. It occurs with other versions of Wiki besides UseModWiki. I know of no workaround except to use a different browser when editing wiki pages (which is what I do). It is probably a simple thing to fix but since Opera is closed source we've no recourse but to use something else until Opera fixes it.

Factual Details 1.5
Can anyone verify that the northern tower (tower number one, the one to be hit first) was actually hit from the south side? I've seen conflicting reports. --AxelBoldt

There were references about using cell phones from the plane. Should it mean the air phone on the back of the passenger seat. I don't know if cell phone would work when the plane is in the air. I remember I heard air phone, not cell phone in the news. Can anyone confirm and correct?

Nostradamus & Other Misinformation
I've heard rumors about a Nostradamus prophecy, something along the lines of "Two twin brothers will fall. The third great war will begin as the city of gold burns" - Anyone have a link to the full text. It would be interesting to read, if it is indeed true. Or maybe it's just an urban myth. - JamieTheFoool

 * Perhaps you can find it at http://www.astrologer.ru:8003/Nostradamiana/centuries-eng.html --css

- i'm not sure, but it sounds like a blatant urban myth to me. i was on #worldtradecenter on openprojects.net the night (UK time) of the 11th and that was going round. also it was in one of our stupid tabloid papers, every time i heard it, it was worlded totaly differently. -- Asa

 * just pulled it from my IRC logs (just so you can see how blatantly bogus it is) -- Asa:

 * "In the City of God there will be a great thunder, Two brothers torn apart by Chaos, while the fortress endures, the great leader will succumb", "The third big war will begin when the big city is burning" - Nostradamus 1654

 * Nostradamus died in 1566, after which he tended not to write much. Actually, this "prophecy" appears to come from http://www.ed.brocku.ca/~nmarshal/nostradamus.htm, where it is given as a fictitious example of the sort of thing that Nostradamus wrote, not as something that he actually did write. But according to the HTTP header this page dates from 20 May 1998 22:45:23 GMT... --Zundark

Bogus, all right. Whoever heard of New York being described as the City of God? I've only ever heard Mammon mentioned in that context before.... Every 10 years someone brings out a new version of Nostradamus, with new retrospective interpretations. Whatever happened to the invasion from mars in 1999 that the 1970s edition predicted? Malcolm Farmer

- I think these prophecys come from the wildly innacurate English translations of Nostradamus' 17th Century French. Is this an actual prophecy, wrongly translated or is it completely fabricated. It would be interesting to see what is the case.

For a different kind of prophecy, see this story on 'wired': http://www.wired.com/news/culture/0,1284,46771,00.html

What to do with misinformation? The bogus Nostradamus prophecy comes to mind; another example might be the recent edit to the main page: "Removed reference to Kashmiri claiming; haven't heared anything of it since the first time, so I assume it was shown to be a fake quickly." I can imagine that retaining misinformation and rumor -- but *clearly labeling it as misinformation or rumor* might be of some value to researchers in the future trying to understand how people deal with crises. On the other hand, it makes sense to remove it if keeping it could lead to more harm than good. I don't know.

 * I see no harm in keeping it, if it is moved to Rumours of Misinformation or something. This could prove usefull for future research as many of these rumours may be lost completely as time goes on. - JamieTheFoool

 * Started a Misinformation page. RjLesch

The prophecies about 9/11 were hoaxes. I am not a believer in Nostradamus, but know a little about him. I got several e-mails on that day from people asking me about it, because they knew I would know about it. The famous prophecy about 1999 is not about an invasion from Mars, but "a great king of Terror to revive the King of the Mongols". Much of this quatrain fits with the September 11 events, so if any of them were to be about 9/11, it would be this one. It could also be placed with the Internet phenomenon page and would likely make a good addition. Rt66lt 01:59, September 12, 2005 (UTC)

Article Content 1.0
Should we add a Personal Recollections--September 11, 2001 page for cataloguing the mundane events of everyone on that day? A social history should start as soon as possible so as to avoid the degradation and inflation of memory over time. I think the non-events, those little moments of wonder and fear, from around the country, will be immensely important for this project, which can gather such data so quickly.

I just found http://www.bostoncoop.net:8080/SeptEleven?SeptEleven SeptEleven, a Wiki site for the terrorist attack. Unfortunately it's using the standard wiki, not the sexier wikipedia wiki. I'm not sure if that would be a better place for some of this, etc. Eh. Time to go outside. --The Cunctator

This page is getting us a lot of traffic...would someone (who is following the page more closely than I am...) please render it in consistent formatting, copyedit, etc.? This would be a great service... --Larry Sanger

I really hope I wasn't too bold in editing, but I think this was the right thing to do. We need to add back information to the main page, basically summarizing what's in each category, I think. Or you can say I really erred and undiff it. --The Cunctator

Okay, I went wholesale on the site. I really, really don't like that "airport security" link. Maybe it should be "Background history" or something? The See also's should probably have links to the airplane flights. There's plenty of improvement still.

Is there a way to make templates? It would be so great if there could be one footer page, so that it could be updated for all the pages. (So you could write something like #INCLUDE Footerpage and it would wiki...) If that isn't a current feature, I hope it gets implemented at some point. Though of course the footer is actually different for each page, at the moment. Eh.

Finally: should the external news pages be on its own page? I lean toward keeping them at the bottom of the main page...each subpage has their external links/references at the bottom. I don't feel strongly enough to revert it, though. --The Cunctator

I just moved off the Casualties Talk to (natch) Casualties Talk. --The Cunctator

Added link to urbanlegends.about.com, the amazingly definitive site about urban legends and rumor-mongering. David Emery's coverage of the attack is astoundingly good. There's no need for us to try to duplicate the effort, but Wikipedia certainly could complement it. --The Cunctator

I just realized that the "related" links to Palestine, Gaza Strip, etc. on the bottom of the page, and on the homepage, are unfair and inflammatory. They were part of the news at the beginning, but are less directly related to the story now than say, Boston, Canada, or box cutters. Shouldn't those links be removed? (I don't think the Osama bin Laden, Afghanistan etc. links should be removed.) --The Cunctator

Format & Style
Hey Cunctator, the way we've been writing biographies has been generally as follows: Full Name In Bold (date-date) was a [occupation or other significant fact]... In other words, full sentences are good. --Larry

Okay. Though I am partial to the other way.

More importantly, I'd like to encourage people to submit photos, especially people. Is there a way to allow people to do that, even an email address they could send images to that someone with access to the server could add? I know this is a general feature request, but I'd like to set something up as soon as possible. --The Cunctator

Let me voice my support for full sentences. :-) As for graphics, we've so far had to submit them to jasonr at bomis.com to have him upload them.  So far I think that has been done only for banners, though Jimbo et al may wish to make an exception.  :-) --KQ - Re the footer on all the September 11 pages: I think it would be nice with a ruler separating it from the body text of the page. It seems a bit overenthusiastic to edit all the pages (quite a few now!) just to put that in, but perhaps we should add it as we do other edits? --Pinkunicorn - I'm actually less enthusiastic than you are about the rules. As long as the elements of a page are recognizable as blocks, then blank space is usually the best separator. Rules should be used sparingly. IMHO. But I really don't care; right now there's no uniformity in the pages. The person who wants to make the effort to make them uniform wins, in my book. 'Swhy we need that #INCLUDE mechanism; see above or InsertPagesIntoOtherPages while I work on fixing up the Feature requests monstrosity. --The Cunctator

Solicitation of Donations
There is a link to an external donations page. While I don't have a problem in principle with such a link, the way the text is currently written implies that wikipedia somehow approves the link. Is this appropriate? -- Robert Merkel

I moved it to the donation page and removed the plea. The same pice of text also appeared at the homepage sometime yesterday. --css

Content 2.0
There's a story on what happened on the plane that crashed in the field here: http://www.msnbc.com/news/632626.asp?pne=msn

(re U.S. attack on Sudan plant) The US claimed the plant was involved in the manufacture of chemical weapons, but never released the results of soil tests it had conducted at the site which it said proved its claim; a government spokesman said the information was classified. Some have argued that Clinton ordered the attack in order to deflect attention from the scandal involving Monica Lewinsky. (See the amazingly prescient movie "Wag the Dog", released in January 1998, in which a famous spin doctor (Robert De Niro) is enlisted along with a Hollywood producer (Dustin Hoffman) to create a quick (but phony) war in order to take the public's focus off of the president's scandalous personal life. The US also tried to

Someone just changed "what might be the most devastating terrorist attack in the history of the world" to "...on United States' land". While there have been more devastating battles, attacks, acts (e.g. bombing of Dresden, Holocaust, etc.), I think the original description was entirely justifiable. I'm changing it back, unless someone can point to a more devastating terrorist attack. "the history of the world" is slightly misleading hyperbole, as terrorism is a modern phenomenon, but in pretty much any measure I can think of, this is an act that is more than just an American history event. --TheCunctator

It's a useful perspective; I think Wikipedia needs comprehensive entries about all the things listed in that article: Hiroshima, Mai Lai, the Gulf War, various starvation, etc. I know my emphasis on this attack is in a way selfish, but I don't intend to ignore everything else. The Back history page does a reasonable job at mentioning some of the things mentioned in that article. And the History of Afghanistan article is getting quite good.

The best way, I believe, to be "fair" to all the victims of injustice on Wikipedia is to create sober entries for each act, to tell the history as factually as possible. --TheCunctator

NOTE: Saudi Arabia stopped recognizing the Taliban as the official Afghan government in 1998, when it asked Afghanistan to hand over bin Laden, and Afghanistan refused.

(Moved from the Back history page) I think this page should be located at Background history, not Back history. I'd make the change but then I'd have to change all those subpages and links lists. :-)
 * I think Back history is fine, but I don't feel strongly either way. --TheCunctator

Naming
The War on Terror I don't want to make any changes, as so much fine work has been done, but the general phrase used by everyone (World media, politicians, etc) seems to be "The War On Terror". The anthrax events happening worldwide, the attack on afghanistan all fall under this heading, and I am thinking that the Sept 11 pages belong under than as well.

And I know that "the War on Terror" seems a bit vague, but then so does "The Gulf War", "The Great War", "The War of the Roses". This is what people will call it for all time I am guessing. - MB
 * I kind of doubt it, actually, since it's so freaking propagandistic. I suspect the historical name will be something like The American War on Islamic Terrorism or The First World War of the Third Millenium (depending on how it pans out).
 * And I really don't want Wikipedia to have its main entry called "The War on Terror". I've started collecting the Slogans and terms used. Right now a The War on Terror entry should be more about the propagandic use of the phrase rather than a clearinghouse for the developing events. Note that in the Islamic world the name being used by everyone (World media, politicians, etc.) is The War on Islam. --TheCunctator

Content 3.0
165.121.24.xxx, can you state where you're getting the information from? These pages, for obvious reasons, need to be assiduously referenced. It's truly great that you're adding the information, but if it can't be confirmed, then we'll get in trouble. Also, it seems like some of the info is being copied verbatim from some other reference, which is also dangerous (such as the Zoe Johnson entry). Please alleviate my fears. --TheCunctator

ABDUL RASHID DOSTUM = MABUS

 * Ahh... thanks for that. Has your medication been checked lately?

Should add that the World Trade Center fire was finally extinguished on December 19 after burning for three months. But I can't find where to put it. --rmhermen

The trick is to first add to the Timeline: Timeline December 2001 (which didn't exist yet because I don't like adding to Wikipedia much any more)

then the best place for the entry within the current framework is probably Rescue and recovery effort, a page which needs a lot of work.

But the number one answer is to be bold in editing pages. Just stick it in somewhere, and if you can't find a place to put it, make one.

--TheCunctator

There's no longer any doubt that the plane that crashed in the field was crashed due to the efforts of the passengers and crew to overpower the hijackers, is there? --User:Robert Merkel

-

NPOV Complaint
This article is nowhere near NPOV. First of all, the term "terrorist" is a disputed term and should not appear in titles. Although this attack would satisfy most people's definition of a "terrorist attack", there are some who simply refuse to have such a definition, and "terrorist" ought to be avoided in titles. For one thing, the Pentagon is by any sane criteria a legitimate military target, and people working there (even if they wear civilian suits) are not civilians in the sense understood by international law.

Also the "in memoriam" should either appear in absolutely all accounts of a major battle or massacre or atrocity or serial killing, or nowhere whatsoever.

Calling for donations is especially inappropriate given there are children in Western Afghanistan at this moment being sold into slavery for a few dollars as aid from Iran is prevented from reaching them. If someone cares to mention literally all the victims of all the events that came from Sept. 11th, fine, go for it.

Given that Michael Moore's "Stupid White Men" is the biggest selling nonfiction work in America right now, I think the ordinary US point of view is somewhat more critical of US foreign policy, intelligence failures, bad leadership (i.e. Bush who was pointing at nonexistent North Korean missiles on Sept. 10th), quick judgement (the task force sailed for Afghanistan on September 19th - and must have taken a whole week to get ready, suggesting that there was no more than one day's judgement involved).

I am putting this article on a Death Warrant. Fix it without 72 hours please. Out of respect for victims and authors, I won't touch it, but this is just not an encyclopedia article as it stands. It's hopelessly US-centric, self-absorbed even, and reminds me of worthless US media coverage.

If it reads the same in 72 hours, I'm going to find someone on Indymedia to "fix" it... someone with a radically different point of view. Such a point of view might well say "a bunch of stupid American military planners and debt traders and other criminals believed they could get away with mass murder on a global scale forever and never pay for it - they and many civilian plane passengers learned differently on September 11th, 2001..."

Conspiracy Theories
I find the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attack/Zionist conspiracy theories hardly useful, except for maybe the first paragraph. The rest of the page is merely a bunch of quotes, which don't give much information on the subject - some of them are probably out of context as well. I would propose to greatly reduce the number of quotes (or even remove them all), maybe put some links to the articles they were taken from. May 30, 20002 - jheijmans

 * I agree that this new entry needs work! Although I am the one who contributed these quotes, they were only intended as the beginning of the article, not the end of it. They can serve as the nucleus for more writing. We need others who are well read in this subject to contribute as well.  Note that conspiracy theory is a major component of Arab and middle-eastern politics and sociology. (For example, consider the Egyptian claims of a Zionist hormone-laced bubblegum conspiracy: Egyptians claimed that pre-marital sex in Egypt by teenage girls is really caused by a Zionist plot to lace bubble-gum with aphrodisiacs...and this conspiracy theory was bandied around for months in the Government funded state press.  RK

 * However, I disagree that these quotes were taken out of context. I am not aware of any analysis that disagrees with the plain meaning of these texts. In fact, in what possible context could one take them to mean anything different? Remember that in some Arab countries it is taught in schools that there is a worldwide conspiracy of Jews to secretly rule the world. This is presented as an indisputable historical fact, from elementary school up through college. Is it any surprise that in such a society, many would blame "the Jews" for the WTC terrorism as well?  There are many moderate Arab professors and journalists in the West who know that this is false, and have written about this phenomenon. It would good to read about and summarize their research in this article. RK

I know there is/was such a thing as a suspsected Zionist conspiracy, which lived/s mostly in the Arab world. And so this article about it, in conjunction with the 9/11 attacks seems justified for an encyclopedia article. But: I don't think it really is one now. Reading more than two quotations gets boring. I have to see the common lines between them (if any) myself, and I don't want to do that when reading an encyclopedia article. In this case, where the Western reader may be unfamiliar with the topic, a few quotations would be good. But not this amount. About the out-of-context thing: when quoting people, there's always the danger their sentences were taken out of context. I cannot judge, since I didn't read that context. Another important part of the context is what you just mentioned: the constant Zionist conspiracy theories in the Arab world. The average reader may not know about this, and may therefore be surprised about such theories. Knowing such theories exist for years already, it may be easier to understand. jheijmans

I think that the 2823 casualty figure for the World Trade Center includes those on the airplanes. Does anyone knopw for certain? If so we are double counting some of the casualties. --rmhermen

"fortunately such a declaration was not made for the Oklahoma City bombing" sounds like a violation of NPOV. -- Zoe

Subpages and/or Memoriam
I think many of the subpages here are too much of a good thing. Of course this was a terrible event, but does an encyclopedia need lists of victims (some even with articles on them...), missing persons, media slogans, New York Times articles, related jokes, etc.? I don't think so. If I read an encyclopedia, I want to get the real info. What happened, what was were the important consequences etc. All the other info may be nice for a site dedicated to the subject, but not for an encyclopedia. Also the "In Memoriam" seems a bit overdone for an encyclopedia - it does not give me the idea Wikipedia is authorative or neutral on the subject.

Otherwise, we should have a list of all the six million Jews killed in WWII, and of all the other millions and millions of war and violence victims, and place "In Memoriam" signs there as well.

Summarising: this collection of subpages should be rewritten to make a real encyclopedia article.

June 14, 2002 jheijmans

 * I agree in general, but except for the main page these pages are the most popular for the entire site and are listed very high on google. I would hate to see them go for this and personal emotional reasons which I can't ignore. These pages are a reflection of how people tried to cope with an event of unprecedented magnitude. Can we hold off on making any major changes until at least the year anniversary of this event has passed? --maveric149

 * How about moving the "in memorium" thing over to the top of the list of victims? That way at least the front page looks more "professional," and people who are going to look at the list of victims are likely to expect something like the "in memorium" banner there.
 * We can start trimming some of the less encyclopedic stuff gradually over time, perhaps replacing it with more encyclopedic stuff in the process. Bryan Derksen

 * Yes, I noticed their popularity as well, that has kept me from writing this earlier. And maybe that means these should not be removed, but moved to another appropriate location (e.g. other website). I also see this is a sensitive topic, but Wikipedia should remain neutral, and this page does not really show neutrality. It would be fine with me to wait until a year afterwards or so before making the changes (though pages as "Give blood" are no longer useful anymore of course). I will (re)move the "In memoriam" block in a moment, however. -- jheijmans

 * One potential future home for some of this stuff could be Historical Wikipedia pages. True, the sept. 11 thing isn't directly wikipedia-related, but it seems reasonable to me that we might want to keep a copy of this article for posterity over there even though a lot of it is obsolete or non-encyclopedic. Plus, the transition can be made gracefully, with redirections.
 * No hurry, of course. Bryan Derksen

Account of reactions
Who wrote this lot?

 * "A significant minority see the attack as a likely outcome of past United States involvement in the Middle East and surrounding area, and fear that a violent response will only continue the cycle.

 * A related viewpoint is that such acts of terrorism as this are inevitable due to the economic and social imperialism of the United States and multinational corporations, which creates pockets of hatred in poor countries with minimal control of their political destiny, due to overwhelming economic pressures from outside.

 * However, the majority of people all over the world believe that terrorism is an absolute evil, that may have a cause but always lacks justification. In their opinion, the fact that the assailants resorted to the use of force in genocidal proportions, prevents them from being legitimate entities and voids their right to have their opinion respected by the world community. "

This is horribly biased. 'Significant minority', hatred only in 'poor widdwe countries that can't sort themselves out. Give me a break. I agree with 24 above, this whole 9/11 reads suspiciously like something from CNN or (even) worse. Time for some NPOVing, surely? Radiofriendlyunitshifta, Tuesday, July 16, 2002

Dates
As for particular dates of events, shouldn't ISO standard date format be used for the names of entries, such as 2001 September 11? — Anonymous (129.116.166.xxx)

This is an issue much greater than this one page. We use dates of this form all over Wikipedia by default, probably as a result of the American bias here. I'd suggest taking this up in a place more widely read by the regulars than this; if you're new here and don't know, try starting at Policies and guidelines. — Toby 06:41 Aug 3, 2002 (PDT)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:September 11 attacks/Archive 1


text:
Talk:Leslie Nielsen

Nielsen in Columbo
Mr. Leslie Nielsen has played Peter Hamilton in "Lady in Waiting" in Columbo, that's missing from his TV filmography. Thank you. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 62.128.48.46 (talk) 23:10, 3 February 2014 (UTC) Oh, and please, was he wearing a wig? Just curious... I mean, look at his hair.. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 62.128.48.46 (talk) 23:13, 3 February 2014 (UTC)

 * Surely you can't be serious?  Lugnuts  Dick Laurent is dead 15:10, 17 February 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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Back to the Future special in 1989
I see the TV table also cite some host appearances. Nielsen hosted a night dedicated to Back To The Future in 1989, here on NBC. Shouldn't it be added?--Alexmar983 (talk) 00:01, 19 December 2018 (UTC)

"Scott Baron" listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect Scott Baron. Please participate in the redirect discussion if you wish to do so. Tigraan Click here to contact me 08:23, 5 September 2019 (UTC)

American citizenship?
Just noticed his nationality in the lead has been changed from Canadian to Canadian-American. Did he only become an American citizen nine years after he died, then? Scf1985 (talk) 21:42, 5 September 2019 (UTC)
 * restored as per sources there.-- Moxy 🍁 22:01, 5 September 2019 (UTC)

Airplane!
Filmography says "Airplane! First comedy role". No, it wasn't. 86.41.149.167 (talk) 10:17, 8 December 2019 (UTC)

Wife Candi?
I am watching an old game show Tattles Tales and Leslie is on it with a girl name Candi and has been refered to as his wife? However, she's not on the list of marriages. Were they not married? Thank you. 24.189.220.166 (talk) 17:19, 14 August 2023 (UTC)

Are we avoiding the Canadian-American date format on purpose?
If not, I think it should go Month-Day-Year around here. If so, that's cool. Just a bit unusual. InedibleHulk (talk) 05:42, 2 July 2024 (UTC)
 * Since nobody spoke up, things went accordingly. InedibleHulk (talk) 08:56, 20 July 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Leslie Nielsen


text:
Spolia opima

The spolia opima (Latin for 'rich spoils') were the armour, arms, and other effects that an ancient Roman general stripped from the body of an opposing commander slain in single combat. The spolia opima were regarded as the most honourable of the several types of war trophies a commander could obtain, including enemy military standards and the peaks of warships.

Royal and Republican periods
For the majority of the city's existence, the Romans recognized only three instances when spolia opima were taken. The precedent was imagined in Rome's mythical history, which tells that in 752 BC Romulus defeated and stripped Acron, king of the Caeninenses, following the Rape of the Sabine Women. In the second instance, Aulus Cornelius Cossus obtained the spolia opima from Lars Tolumnius, king of the Veientes, during Rome's semi-legendary fifth century BC.

The third and most historically grounded occurred before the Second Punic War, when Marcus Claudius Marcellus (consul 222 BC) galloped forward beyond his battle line and speared the Celtic warrior Viridomarus, a king of the Gaesatae, before stripping him of his armour on the battlefield.

The ceremony of the spolia opima was a ritual of state religion that was supposed to emulate the archaic ceremonies carried out by the founder Romulus. The victor affixed the stripped armor to the trunk of an oak tree, carried it himself in a procession to the Capitoline, and dedicated it at the Temple of Jupiter Feretrius.

To dedicate the spoils to Jupiter Feretrius, one needed be the commander of a Roman army. Thus, Titus Manlius Torquatus, Valerius Corvus and Scipio Aemilianus, though they all slew enemy leaders in single combat (the first two against Gauls and Aemilianus against a king in Hispania), were not considered to have won the spolia opima.

Imperial period
During the early years of the imperial regime, in 27 BC, M Licinius Crassus (grandson of the triumvir) after victories in Macedonia requested a triumph and right to dedicate spolia opima due to his slaying of an enemy chieftain in hand-to-hand combat. Dedication rights were denied by Augustus. Crassus' illustrious political lineage made him a potential rival to Augustus. While Crassus' triumph was granted, it was required to be a joint triumph with Augustus who may have argued he deserved it due to his also holding imperium in Macedonia.

Nero Claudius Drusus, a Roman general of the first century BC and member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, sought out Germanic chieftains to face in single combat during his campaigns. Sources suggest that he eventually may have been able to take the spolia opima.

title: Spolia opima


text:
Talk:Sai Baba

Untitled
The disscussion on this talk page referred only to Sai Baba of Shirdi and was hence moved to that talk page by user:Andries Andries 11:39, 30 July 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sai Baba


text:
Talk:Personal rapid transit

Please do not violate WP:SOAP
Article talk pages are for discussion of the article, not for opinions or debates on the subject of the article. This particular article tends to attract much of the latter, which is in violation of WP:SOAP. Please restrict your comments to discussion of the article. Unsourced and/or irrelevant commentary will be removed. ATren (talk) 22:38, 27 May 2008 (UTC)

Hospital Rovisco Pais
Is this system really PRT? It only has two stations, and the pod moves back and forth between the two. Also, it operates on roadways rather than a closed system. There are almost no citations, at least in English. Thoughts? Vectro (talk) 02:22, 22 August 2010 (UTC)
 * I've decided to remove this section from the article; listing it here might constitute original research, if nothing else. If you have an appropriate reference from an authoritative reliable source stating that this system is PRT, please re-add it to the article, making appropriate citations. Note that a source need not be in English in order to be considered reliable. Thanks, Vectro (talk) 23:42, 25 August 2010 (UTC)

 * I agree with removal for now; not much to go on. Though it's interesting to see another ULTra/2getthere type system being developed. ATren (talk) 03:16, 26 August 2010 (UTC)

Restructure
Hello. I would like to propose restructuring the article with the goal of improving the layout for readability and using the MOS as a guideline. Viriditas (talk) 12:30, 5 September 2010 (UTC)

 * General comment: the original article was written back in 2004 or 2005, likely well before MOS or the modern reference system existed. Then there was a war for about 2 years, and the content was secondary to the conflict -- we were more worried about compromising on content so style took a back seat. Then, when we reached a point of content where nobody complained anymore, we left it alone, almost in fear that even stylistic changes would restart the war. :-) But that was 2 years ago now, so I think the time is ripe for a good overhaul. I say go for it, be bold.

 * One recent source that might be helpful as a primer is this Boston Globe article on PRT. It talks about the history, the debate, etc, in very fair terms. I think it can be a good supplementary source for much of the existing material here, and even as primary source for stuff that was written before the strict referencing requirements.

 * One other note as to sourcing: the description sections lack ref tags, but much of the technical details can be found in primarily two sources: (1) Fundamentals of Personal Rapid Transit, Jack Irving -- this was the official published report of government-sponsored research in the 1960s and 1970s. It is very comprehensive and lays out much of the fundamental design framework. (2) The books and papers of J.E. Anderson, who founded Taxi2000, aka Skyweb Express, based on his designs. Anderson published much of the design work that went into Taxi2000, and it references "Fundamentals" heavily.

 * I believe these sources are available online. I will try to track down links. ATren (talk) 15:27, 5 September 2010 (UTC)

 * Fundamentals is actually linked from the article: . A collection of some of Anderson's work can be found here. ATren (talk) 15:37, 5 September 2010 (UTC)

Article size
At 74,479 bytes, we may want to consider splitting detailed sections out into new articles, or not. Readability is very poor at the moment. I find that it helps to read this article with beginner's mind, pretending to be a general reader who has never heard of the topic before. We need to write to that level, and present the topic accordingly. Viriditas (talk) 01:51, 6 September 2010 (UTC)

Heading

 * Disambiguation: "For other uses, see PRT (disambiguation) and PAT (disambiguation)."
 * This is not needed, since PRT now has its own dab page. Remove? Viriditas (talk) 02:37, 6 September 2010 (UTC)
 * Done. ATren (talk) 04:36, 10 September 2010 (UTC)

 * Infobox: None.
 * I realize that some editors are against infoboxes, but there may be a need for them, such as Infobox machine. Viriditas (talk) 02:39, 6 September 2010 (UTC)

 * Images: File:ULTra_001.jpg and File:Morgantown PRT - Beechurst Station.jpg
 * Two images in the lead at this time is a bit much. We could create a mosaic image of up to 6 images if needed, but I would like to see it reduced to one for now. Viriditas (talk) 02:41, 6 September 2010 (UTC)

Lead
I notice the article currently has an "Overview" (which is analogous to an abstract or executive summary) in section 1. I don't know the full history of the article, nor have I had time to scroll through the page history, but I suspect this is an old throwback to the time before WP:LEAD was fully developed. Unless we are dealing with a series of related topics, overview sections have been mostly deprecated. There are several options available to editors. Looking at other transportation-related articles for comparison, section 1 in monorail uses a "Differentiation" subsection which might provide some insight on alternative presentation methods. Could we name it "Comparison with existing transport systems", just like the table? Whenever possible, we want to reserve an overview for the lead. Viriditas (talk) 12:35, 5 September 2010 (UTC)

 * Yeah, I think this makes sense. I also think it's a bit verbose in both the lead and the "overview"; perhaps we could trim down the lead and jump right into the technology comparison, and that might help it flow better. ATren (talk) 02:26, 6 September 2010 (UTC)

I have trimmed down the lede, removing some mild POV. I think it reads better now. I may try to get to the Overview section this weekend. ATren (talk) 04:20, 10 September 2010 (UTC)

Existing and planned networks
Too much data presented to the reader in the beginning of the article without explanatory text. Table presentation needs to be used as a supplement to the text or as an appendix, not as the main body. Good and featured articles use tables carefully. Viriditas (talk) 02:23, 6 September 2010 (UTC)

Designs
This is the third table in a row starting with the overview. Too much, too soon in the article. Viriditas (talk) 02:23, 6 September 2010 (UTC)

SUGGESTED CRITERIA FOR INCLUSION - MUST BE ABLE TO LIST ALL CATEGORIES - I.E. NO "?" I deleted APGM from the list of designs as it appears to be derived from a single study that did not proceed. There doesn't seem to be any clear criteria on why concepts are or are not included in this list. I think having a long list is useful for the uninitiated in indicating how many designs have been tried (and floundered) but I propose that any concepts that cannot complete the categories of the table should be deleted since they are too amorphous and vague. Tjej (talk) 08:59, 25 November 2013 (UTC)

History
This section could be split out into a history of personal rapid transit and replaced with a summary style section consisting of three paragraphs summarizing the main points. Viriditas (talk) 02:47, 6 September 2010 (UTC)

 * I like this. The history takes up a lot of space that can easily be split out. ATren (talk) 02:57, 6 September 2010 (UTC)

Opposition and controversy
A good candidate for splitting or deletion, as there is too much emphasis spent on this subtopic that is out of proportion to its coverage in reliable sources. Nine paragraphs spent on criticizing the concept is way, way out of proportion. Viriditas (talk) 02:52, 6 September 2010 (UTC)

 * That controversy section was part of the compromise between warring factions on this page. There was a strong sentiment that the article was too promotional and that more criticism was needed. So I would prefer not to be the one to handle removing or paring it down, since it may be viewed by others as partisan whitewashing. ATren (talk) 02:56, 6 September 2010 (UTC)
 * Well, as a neutral editor who has no connection with this topic, I would be happy to help. When you have time, could you very briefly list the main opposition and controversy elements that should be stated upfront?  Nine paragraphs is pretty much unheard of, and I have great difficulty believing that this article was ever of a "promotional" nature. Viriditas (talk) 03:00, 6 September 2010 (UTC)

 * It was mildly promotional in its early days, and then it was over-corrected the other way for a while (too critical -- even more than it is now).

 * The main source of criticism is Vukan Vuchic, who is a highly respected transit authority (he's published books on transit) who has pretty much rejected PRT as infeasible. I've read his material and I believe he's dead wrong (his objections seem to be partly due to prejudice -- he is considered one of the pioneers of light rail and considers PRT a distraction from that -- and partly due to misunderstanding) but of course, that's all OR. His opinion is certainly notable.

 * Vuchic and JE Anderson engaged in a debate a while back, I think that's notable.

 * There are two other transit professionals who have written negatively about PRT (Michael Setty and Louis Demery) but most of it is unpublished. I believe the article has one report by Demery (which was unpublished, but seemed reasonable enough for inclusion) questioning the regulatory implications of PRT.

 * Then there is the political/ideological opposition, mainly from a single individual. That material is not published and highly unreliable.

 * Note: I am active in forums outside of Wikipedia, and I also have a blog, and I have frequently commented on all of these individuals, sometimes highly critically. I just wanted to put that out there so there are no surprises. I don't want to give the impression that I am advocating for or against material this particular section, especially regarding the people I've identified above. ATren (talk) 03:15, 6 September 2010 (UTC)

 * More: there is an oft-cited criticism of PRT called "Cyberspace Dreams Collide with Reality" which claims to debunk PRT. It is basically an attack piece written by an advocacy (and arguably, astroturfing) group for light rail transit, a transit mode which would theoretically be impacted by wide PRT deployment. It was never published, and in fact, it was written anonymously. Several PRT promoters have debunked it point by point. I fought hard to keep links to it out of the article, but if it does appear, the rebuttals should also be there (they are all unpublished, so they should all be out).

 * There was also a criticism published by a PRT researcher (Wayne Cottrell), which was more of a "what needs to be done for PRT to succeed" kind of thrust. It identified areas where research was weak and advocated for more government investment to improve those areas.

 * Scanning the other parts of the criticism section, some of it appears to be not criticism at all, but rather "this has been criticized, but..." followed by reasoning why it's not a valid criticism. The baggage handling section appears to follow this pattern.

 * Let me know if you have any other specific questions on criticism (I'm familiar with pretty much all of it. :-)) ATren (talk) 03:25, 6 September 2010 (UTC)

The article still seems overly promotional and not neutral to me. I definitely would oppose paring down the criticism section beyond what it is now Fell Gleaming talk  01:21, 10 September 2010 (UTC)
 * Please provide specific examples of promotion and violations of neutrality (bias). Please also explain why you oppose cutting back the criticism section. Viriditas (talk) 03:52, 10 September 2010 (UTC)
 * I've reworked the lede to address some concerns, though many others remain in the body. As to why I oppose reduction of the criticism section, I already explained my reasoning, which includes both NPOV and undue weight.  Removing more criticism gives undue weight to viewpoint that PRT is some sort of panacea for mass transit.   Fell Gleaming talk  11:55, 10 September 2010 (UTC)
 * I've added the discussion of expansion of Morgantown back in with a source, and tweaked the wording on Morgantown. I do agree that the lede had some POV issues (both ways) but I think it's far better now than a few days ago. As for other promotional elements in the article, do you have anything specific? I don't recall the word "panacea" being used anywhere. As far as I know the claims presented are all well supported in reliable sourcing, which includes several books on the topic as well as peer-reviewed research. There are also more recent sources discussing PRT that can be incorporated. Overall, the amount of reliable criticism of PRT is actually quite small -- there are only 3 transit professionals who have significantly questioned PRT, and only one of them is published (Vuchic). So if we're talking about the weight of reliable sources, the criticism section is probably too lengthy, though there are certain criticisms I would not remove (i.e. Vuchic is notable -- even though I believe his opposition is based on flawed analysis, and Vuchic's crit should not be presented without JE Anderson's rebuttal). ATren (talk) 12:26, 10 September 2010 (UTC)

Other concerns
Tagged as unsourced since 2008. Does not require its own section and recommend merge or deletion. Concerns about visual impact, loss of privacy, and policing against terrorism and vandalism applies to very aspect of infrastructure in the modern world. "Some in the business community in Cincinnati" is not good enough for an encyclopedia. Based on these nebulous claims lacking proper attribution and reliable sources, I recommend deletion. Viriditas (talk) 02:58, 12 September 2010 (UTC)

Lede rewording
Good job Atren on rewording my first pass on the lede; it is significantly improved and much more balanced. Fell Gleaming talk 12:28, 10 September 2010 (UTC)

SkyTaxi
You are wrong about the external link (SkyTaxi) you've deleted. This link complies with the guidelines for external links. I don't add this link, but recover it after the attacks of a vandal. It's a very valuable link. You can ask the famous expert Professor Emeritus Jerry Schneider (jbsATpeakDOTorg) about this link. His website http://faculty.washington.edu/jbs/itrans/ knows every enthusiast of PRT. 91.78.245.121 (talk) 17:44, 2 October 2010 (UTC)
 * The page being added is simply an advert linkspam which fails both WP:ELNO and WP:RS. --- Barek (talk • contribs) - 17:55, 2 October 2010 (UTC)

Critical Move
I removed "Critical Move" from the page, since it's not clear to me that the system is PRT at all (it seems more just like an outdoor people mover) and there were no citations to that effect. If Critical Move is in fact PRT, please restore it to the list, making appropriate citations to reliable sources. Thanks. Vectro (talk) 15:35, 9 December 2010 (UTC)

Proposed merge with JPods
Subject lacks sufficient notability for a stand alone article. Propose merge or delete. Ad Orientem (talk) 06:02, 29 January 2014 (UTC)

That is like saying Apple should be merged with personal computers. JPods and the Town of Secaucus have signed a Letter of Intent to deploy the world's first solar-powered mobility network. BillJamesMN (talk) 02:45, 28 Feburary 2014 (UTC)
 * Closing discussion Result was don't merge. -Ad Orientem (talk) 02:39, 6 March 2014 (UTC)

Group Rapid Transit (GRT)?
The article has a distinction between PRT and GRT. There are a few references to GRT, but no explanation as to what it is. No references on what GRT is. Does anyone know what GRT suppose to be? Z22 (talk) 15:15, 27 December 2016 (UTC)
 * GRT uses similar technology to PRT: Automation, separated grades, tracks, etc. However, PRT is like an automated cab service, while GRT is an automated bus, trolley or train. It's obvious to me that it will capture trips at a rate similar to existing bus lines, at high capital expense: Vehicles are heavier than PRT, with more-expensive tracks, run on scheduled routes, rather than point-to-point, have intermediate stops to let passengers off and on, etc. They therefore have low ridership, poor capital depreciation, slower trips, longer waits for passengers, less safety, etc. Buses, trolleys and trains already do all this, so many transit theorists consider GRT a non-starter, or even just a minor alternative terminology for automated trolleys. Hope that helps. Ray Van De Walker (talk) 23:49, 18 August 2017 (UTC)

No concept only designs in the text
I deleted the following reference from the ==PRT vs. autonomous vehicles== section. . By its own admission this is a concept-only design.

Except for the "List of ATN suppliers" under the label 'Concepts' there shouldn't be any references to new PRT concept only designs. One only has to look at List of automated transit networks suppliers to see how many of these have been created. IMO the significance threshold should be a test track. There are more than enough of these to exemplify the various aspects, negative and positive, of PRT. Tjej (talk) 00:11, 31 August 2017 (UTC)

Suppliers
Please add Metrino to MockupsJohn cleeland (talk) 09:14, 4 December 2018 (UTC)

personal rapid transit/guideway
Metrino has 300kg vehicles that are half the weight of Ultra because they are suspended114.76.3.49 (talk) 09:30, 4 December 2018 (UTC) They are said to be less visible because the guideway is then lighter and 10m high, able to be above street trees.114.76.3.49 (talk) 09:30, 4 December 2018 (UTC)

uSky test track in Abu Dhabi
This was featured on CNN, looks like it could be a PRT system, but I can't find any more information about it. https://edition.cnn.com/2021/07/08/tech/usky-pod-sharjah-uae-spc-intl/index.html --78.82.228.158 (talk) 14:05, 31 August 2021 (UTC)
 * It is a new name for SkyWay Group. The design requires switching of the guideway in a similar way to other monorails.  The latency of the switching movement makes it unsuitable for genuine PRT. The primary "technology" is a pre-stressed guideway between anchor points suits long, straight routes over medium to long distances.  Perhaps it would have been useful in something like the Vectus Suncheon system but the Vectus design can be implemented as a PRT (offline stations, vehicle switching) whereas uSky cannot.Tjej (talk) 07:13, 1 September 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Personal rapid transit


text:
Broom (disambiguation)

A broom is a cleaning tool which also had other uses (e.g. magical and punitive).

Broom may also refer to:

People

 * Broom (surname)

Places

 * Broom, Bedfordshire, England
 * Broom, Cumbria, England
 * Park Broom, Cumbria, England
 * Broom, a neighbourhood of Newton Mearns, East Renfrewshire, Scotland
 * Broom, South Yorkshire, England
 * Broom, Warwickshire, England
 * Broom, Pembrokeshire, Wales, in Kilgetty/Begelly community
 * Loch Broom, Scotland

Other uses

 * Broom (plant), a group of shrubs
 * Broom: An International Magazine of the Arts, a modernist literary magazine
 * Equipment used in broomball
 * Broom (album), an album by the American band Someone Still Loves You Boris Yeltsin

title: Broom (disambiguation)