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Talk:Great Famine (Ireland)/Archive 2

Well, after a few days cooling off, we can look at the above (nearly 40) entries we vented on this topic, and all of it seemingly to much good... What I can see, is the value of SIrub's objective point of view cutting right through much of the venting, and finding the necessary balance between what are different points of view (not stating anything as to their veracity).

Id like to sum up a few points, based on the above.

1. Clearly JDT wants to do a noble thing - that is, write an article free of bias. But he is only human, and has inadvertently put bias into the article by removing any rubish theories which 'dont belong' in a 'scientific' article. This is the achilles heel of scientists, by the way, as many tend to consider a lack of proof as proof of the inverse. This isn't really logical, but we see it everywhere - most notably in discussions surrounding artificial causes of disease or environmental problems. This does not mean we should include every crackpot theory that comes up.

2.Mav clearly tends to lean to the above method, but with the good sense to correct himself should he become too exclusive. People do think differently after all. And Slrub's commentary is once again, keen to pick up on meanings often hidden in attack jargon.

3.And I am a bit pissed, though nothing that cant be handled. Im pleased with the way we were able to come to consensus without compromise. My stated cause remains valid, and is perhaps better stated simply: the article (as it is) is poorly written, and for these reasons: Structure: It tends to interrupt the flow of information to include varied somewhat scientific details, which were far too highly placed in the article, and in far too much depth to justify the exclusion of the varied well-rounded apects of this material.

4.JDT's claim that (paraphrasing)'no- historian thinks that way' seems to be self-contradictory, where JDT says earlier, 'these notions are still popular in america.'' they also seem to contradict various web texts, which i pick for their ready availiability.

http://www.seark.net/~sabra/potato.html, contains several links, among them is the one i cited in my version: http://wwwvms.utexas.edu/~jdana/iphunger.html

It is by: Seamus Metress of University of Toledo faculty -- Ph.D., Indiana University; Professor of Anthropology Areas of Interest: Race and Ethnicity, Medical Anthropology, Conflict in Northern Ireland, Current Research: Biocultural Anthropology, Irish Studies and Ethnic Conflict - field research projects in Northeast Ireland and the Great Lakes Region. Phone: 419-530-4652

thats one, im sure there are more.

etc.... In closing, it appears the 'debate' is similar the one claimed by holocaust revisionists, only the evidence here is older, and not as concrete. In any regard, proving motive is difficult in all murder cases, let alone ones long since done with. Equally, it does no good to make the accusation of murder, without evidence. Nevertheless, like in debates on the Israeli-arab conflict, there are things of passion here. We deal now, with the reality of sentiments as socio-political facts, regardless of the depth of their basis.

---Sv

 * hope you enjoyed the alcohol, S! (I can't drink because I'm high on antibiotics for a severe cold, so I'm envious!)

 * One point that illustrates the differing perspectives on the famine in the US and Ireland. In a St. Patrick's day parade, some Irish Americans entered a float on the famine under the banner of 'British Genocide'. They were laughed at by Irish people in the crowd (some of whom tried to throw things at them until the police intervened) and ridiculed by historians and the Irish media. I could not produce the nature of the language used here; some of the milder comments made about those responsible for the float was that they were 'assholes' and 'gobshites'. The claim that what happened was genocide is in Ireland treated at best as ill-informed, at worst as, to qoute one historian in a newspaper, reacting to the float controversy, 'mis-informed, twisted, Brit-hating propaganda.' I have had quite a few emails from Irish people who were, unhappy to but politely, at the suggestion that the 'genocide' theory would be given any credence in a page on the Famine on Wiki. The theme from most people was that Ireland has had enough of propagandistic use of the famine. In the commemoration of the famine some years ago, the approach was to leave aside emotional sentiments that were usually based on agendas, and stick rigidly to the facts.

The belief also is that Irish America, though genuine in its interest in Ireland, often has an understanding of Irish affairs that is overly sentimentalised and emotional and lacking in accuracy. One of the aims of the Belfast Agreement in Northern Ireland is to try to leave sentiment behind and cope with realities, whether modern realities or the factual realities of the past. Point-scoring histories help no-one. But I suppose whereas Ireland, with its 80 years experience of independence, has had to cope with reality, Irish Americans still live on past analyses of Ireland based on '800 years of British misrule', and on images of a gaelic speaking, heavily catholic, cottage-living Ireland that still sings the 'Bold Fenian Men', Percy French songs and hate the Brits. Which is why so many cannot compehend the real Ireland they find when they come 'home'; industrialised, full of motorways, where only a tiny and dwindling minority speak Irish, with the only surviving 'irish cottages' in theme parks, and with gay pubs in many Irish towns and gay pride marches down O'Connell St. passing the local McDonalds and Burger King, where few go to Mass, people get divorced, our prime minister lives with his girlfriend having left his wife, where instead of 'hating Brits' you have members of the British Royal Family popping over and people popular, but strangest of all, Sinn Féin which most Irish Americans seem to think speaks for nationalist Ireland, is in fact in the Republic of Ireland only a tiny political party, with a mere 5 seats out of 166 in the Dáil, compared to 80+ for Fianna Fáil, 30+ for Fine Gael and 20+ for Labour. In other words, the Ireland Irish-America thinks exists doesn't and hasn't, and the interpretation of history Irish-America believes in is one than few Irish historians in Ireland take seriously, they having deliberately de-emotionalised and de-propagandised their analysis of history and returned to analyses based squarely on facts in recent decades.

 * Just a comment: relations between home and diasporic communities are often complex and full of conflict, open or obscure (e.g. between American Jews and Israeli Jews). This itself might be an interesting topic for another article.  My point is only that Irish Americans, many of whose ancestors came to the US because of the famine, have as much an obvious interest in the famine as those who stayed in Ireland.  I object to any suggestion that Irish in Ireland are more of an authority on the meaning of the famine than Irish Americans -- not because I am partisan to Irish Americans, but because I think that how people construct and interpret and use "their" past is never "authoritative," and always an important subject of analysis.  NPOV means not being dismissive of Irish American understandings of the famine (especially just because contemporary Irish think it's silly -- so what?), nor does it mean being scornful of contemporary Irish views.  What NPOV means is an article must acknowledge all views and try to make sense out of them, and their differences. Slrubenstein

I agree relations between people who live in a state and a broader diaspora are often complex. The point I am making (and I am sure it applies in other cases) is that the broader diaspora analysis is often based on the personalised experiences of the emigrant, which are in turn shaped the inherited analyses and often more partial, because they are centralised on an emotional attachment. To give a practical example: one 'big house' near me had a reputation for having mistreated its tenants, according to to the descendants of emigrants from the locality. However those in Ireland know that story to be complete myth. It was actually the residence of the local Anglican bishop and never had tenants. The bishop in fact opened local soup kitchens for the local catholics. No local residents would have told such a story, but somewhere along the generations, the 'myth' of the local cruel landlord was invented abroad, even giving him a non-existent name; no such person existed. Local historians suspect that, someone, perhaps wanting to have their own 'hard done by' story, to match the other genuine stories they heard, created the myth of 'Mr. Jenkins', the thug of a landlord. In fact the local landlord was called Coddington. He lived twenty miles away. His agent was called Thompson and and in that instance, both landlord and agent did not evict tenants but reduced rents almost to nil. Another landlord all but bankrupted his estate by borrowing heavily to set up feeding stations. (Without the income from exporting some grain, he would have gone bankrupt in 1848, leading to the sale of the estate, the mass eviction of all tenants by new owners (ironically, most new owners under the Encumbered Estates Act where Irish, middle class and catholic!), the dismissal of all household staff and the bankrupting of all local businesses, merchants, shops, etc., who relied on the Big House to provide a market for their goods, making the situation in the local community even worse!) When in the early 1920s, during the War of Independence, an outside IRA commander suggested burning down the big house of the landlord's descendants, he was punched in the face and told 'don't touch them. They saved my father/grandfather/grandmother's life during the famine.' (My grand-uncle, who was in the local IRA, witnessed the brawl.)

In other words, while all too many descendants of emigrants how of the famine story in terms of brutal landlords, mass emigration and a 'British Genocide' the story is a far more complex one; of some brutal landlords, others who bankrupted themselves to help starving tenants. Of a policy by Peel's government, with mass importation of indian maize, that was coping with the crisis (see F.S.L. Lyons on Peel's govt for example), replaced ironically thanks to Irish MPs who opposed Peel as 'Orange Peel', by a ministry under Lord John Russell that had a fanatical commitment to laissez faire that scrapped Peel's policies and implemented policies that were absolutely the wrong ones in dealing with such a crisis, turning it into a catastrophe. Local analyses have been produced in Ireland in recent years which highlight the full complexities. Descendants of Irish emigrants visiting Ireland are often shocked by the fact that the famine, contrary to what they had always believed, was not a straight-forward case of goodies and baddies but a complicated mix of structural faults in the Irish rural economy, local issues, good and bad landlords, but most of all exceptional bad luck in terms of how the blight struck, how it spread, how many people because of sub-division were reliant on potatoes, and in the midst of the disaster, the election of a government with a fanatical ideological commitment to an economic policy that was monumentally wrong in the context, which they applied with disastrous consequences in other parts of the UK (but which, luckily being famine free, didn't have the full impact that Ireland experienced!)

Culturally, it impacted on both native and emigrant communities. For much of the last 150 years, both shared a similar analysis, but in Ireland greater historical research based on primary sources has changed our view and showed the full complexity. (Our re-analysis of much of our history has changed our perspective on a whole range of issues; the land wars, the Fenians, the Easter Rising, the Treaty, etc. Whereas most Irish Americans would view the Treaty, for example, as wrong, the VAST majority of Irish people now see it as right, including the likes of de Valera (who said his biggest mistake was not to accept it!) and Fianna Fáil, whose current leader, taoiseach Bertie Ahern, has said that Irish independence really began in 1922, not 1916 or 1919, as used to be his party's view.) Equally, many Irish Americans, based on their view of Ireland, supported the IRA during the Troubles, and were astonished when they'd visit Ireland and find the overwhelming majority of Irish people were totally opposed to the IRA. Irish Americans presume every catholic in Northern Ireland is a nationalist and are flabbergasted to find that according to detailed opinion surveys, 35% of catholics support Northern Ireland remaining in the UK and oppose Irish unity. (That number may have dropped to 20% since the Good Friday Agreement!) So while many Irish Americans presume, on the basis of the decline in protestant numbers and increase in catholics in the most recent Census, that Irish unity is 'around the corner', experts here, analysing the data, concluded that a majority in the North in favour of unity is as things stand a mathematical impossibility and that there is as much chance of Iraq becoming the 51st US state as Irish unity in our lifetimes.

All of which poses the question: if documentary evidence tells one story about the famine, should Wiki take that version, or the Irish-American one, which does not understand the full complexity? On the Treaty, should it be guided by overwhelming Irish view, or the different Irish-American one? And on Irish unity, should it go by the Irish American view that Irish unity is just around the corner, or the Irish view, based on documentary evidence, that there is a snow-balls chance in hell of a majority in our lifetimes? JTD 22:44 Jan 7, 2003 (UTC)

 * JTD, I feel a little frustrated right now because the content of your reply suggests you understand me completely, but your closing questions suggests you do not. No, I am not saying that Wikipedia should "take" the Irish American version.  I am saying that Wikipedia should not "take" any version -- but that it should present a variety of views.  And it should present each view in its context, and critically.  The bulk of your above comment has much in it that I like -- instead of casually dismissing the Irish-American view as "wrong" about the famine, you provide some context and analysis of where their interpretation comes from and why it is meaningful to them.  this is precisely what I am calling for in the article.  I really hope I am being clear now, because I think the point I am trying to make is important.  In short, there is much that you have written on the talk pages (at least, in response to my comments and questions) that I think can very usefully be cut and pasted into the article. Slrubenstein

In the first paragraph, I am not sure what "practical" means -- also, practical and long term do not contrast easily; I am sure you don't mean that long term is impractical. How about changing practical to immediate or short term? I won't do it myself because I really am unsure what the word means in context and leave it to you... Slrubenstein

The below was removed by JTD.

What my greater ear is telling me, is that JTD is not keen on letting the article have a British bashing bias. Once again we deal with the fuzzy line between bashing and criticism. One mans hero is another mans terrorist, in other words. But my grokking also tells me that JDT and my point of view are both valid aspects of this topic, and both will be included, though, it must be in the context of the framed points of view, and not simply weaved into what is supposed a neutral article on the par with what Mav and SLrub, would call encyclopedic.

As a question to JDT: You mentioned 'recent evidence' as something we shoud stick to. would it be appropriate to quote this from (once again) the Metress essay I cited;

 * "In 1861 in The Last Conquest of Ireland, John Mitchell wrote: "The Almighty indeed sent the potato blight but the English created the famine," Mitchell further observed that "a million and half men, women and children were carefully, prudently and peacefully slain by the English government. They died of hunger in the midst of abundance which their own hands created."

Im not citing this as inflammatory. Its history, in a sense, as part of the great discussion. Though, admittedly I have no idea who the hell John Mitchell is, yet. ;)---Sv

It wasn't actually removed. An attempt to archive some stuff went wrong when someone else entered the page while I was saving it and as we both tried to save simultaneously, the last entry disappeared from view. I returned to an earlier version and saved it especially to keep Sv happy. But of course, Sv didn't mention that.

You've just proved my point. Most Irish people know who John Mitchell was and so how to rate his expressed opinion. Many Irish Americans don't. Quoting John Mitchell on the famine is like quoting George Bush's, Tony Blair's or Saddam Hussein's public comments on Iraq, and presuming them to be neutral, objective observers. All three are engaged in a war through 'spin' before the real war begins. There is nothing wrong with spinning, but no historian would quote a Bush interview on CNN or ABC and presume it to be a 100% neutral and accurate account of Iraq, let alone Saddam. They might quote archival material written by Bush, the real stuff that wasn't revealed at the time.

John Mitchell was a leader of the (disastrously incompetent) 1848 Irish rebellion. He spent his life as a propagandist for the Irish republican cause in the 19th century. There is nothing wrong with being that. But no-one studying Irish history in Ireland treats Mitchell's writings as 'neutral, objective history.' They are seen as propaganda, and his theme, to borrow a famous phrase from Clinton's election, was simple: 'its the Brits, stupid'. In other words, his job was to paint Britain in the blackest way possible, to rally Irish republics, particularly Irish republicans in Irish-America, to support his cause, which was ending British rule in Ireland. But that is all it is, political propaganda, a superb 'Brits are bastards. Lets kick them out of Ireland' soundbyte. Nothing more.

Mitchell is (or was at least) quoted in some school history books. Not as an objective source, but along the lines of 'this is how the Famine was used in propaganda. Note how Mitchell's description differs from Roy Foster/F.S.L. Lyons/Joe Lee etc. Write an essay on Propaganda and its use in the Nineteenth Century'.

As to your framed point of view thesis, that is valid were there are two points of view. But we won't, for example, treat Holocaust denial in the same way as an entry on the Holocaust, as if they are two equally valid points view. One is based on fact, the latter. It happened. Similarly, the famine revolves around facts. There was no genocide, there was a catastrophe. All landlords were not bastards; some were, some weren't. British policy was largely the product of incompetence, stupidity and a disastrously misplaced enforcement of an economic theory, not a 'lets kill all the paddies' genocide. A key problem was the structure of land-holdings; big estates, many heavily morgaged. Sub-division of land, which left more and more reliant on potatoes. And a damned potato-blight. It was a case of wrong time, in a wrong economy, with wrong government policies, hitting the wrong people. A monumental catastrophe that devastated my country. But not some 'X Files' style plot. Wikipedia is for reality, not propaganda. Sometimes people in Irish-America don't like to know the truth about Ireland, the real history, the real country, the reality not the dream. They prefer legends, myths and 'Brits are bastards. Get them out of Ireland' propaganda. This page is about history, not myth and propaganda, however genuinely believed. JTD 00:48 Jan 8, 2003 (UTC)

well, my self deprication may not have served my argument, but i allow you some allowances to give you hope, which i dont want you to lose sight of. We are as we speak, in the process of formulating a consensus, among all of us who are motivated to speak on this topic. your 'irishness' may opportune you the luxury of having some more background knowledge than i. big deal. much of this can be read, and perhaps in two days i might read as much on the subject as you have in the course of any normal irish education.

I say all this not to break too much wind here, but to deflate some of the arrogance that people of an 'educated' ilk might hold over the subject matter of their passion. the world is full of little Fidel Castros: each points their finger to the sky, each can be so long winded as to inflate an airship, each is as completely wrong as they are completely right, and continue to think as they do simply because to do otherwise would be to commit the most heartbreaking of all acts: admitting that one is wrong.

So... please... continue to point your Toryist index finger up into the wind, and say things like 'the sun is not yellow, its chicken', and 'the thing is not thus, it is so "because all good men do agree".' Get busy with the rewrite. ---Sv

In other words, Sv, you have no reply so you descend to childish comments. You can always tell a sulky marxist. They throw around insults like 'tory', 'rightwinger', 'British/American/ [fill in blank] apologist!!! By all means do some reading of Irish history (it certainly would help), though you may have to do rather a lot of reading of a topic you have a shaky standard of. So how long to you expect it will take you to get your PhD in Irish history, to write history books, etc? How long will it be before I see you in the Irish National Archives (it is in Bishop St. in Dublin, just so you know where to go!) wading through the files on the famine? A debate on the Irish famine is always welcome, but not propaganda, or trying to twist the famine to fit into some cosy marxist theory. I will add in some more information to the famine page when I am ready. Slán. (That's Irish for goodbye, by the way, Sv!)

Ah, this is too easy. Ill just quote Metress again, Im sure you didnt bother to read it. At least its not dry !]:

 * "In recent years there has been an effort among Tory revisionists to soften the trauma of the period and downplay the role of the British. This is especially evident in the tendency to reduce the estimates of the number of deaths related to the starvation. Most of these apologists have suggested there were much less than a million deaths, while some estimates go as low as 250,000. Even these incorrect estimates are appalling given that they occurred only a short distance from the heart of the most powerful and wealthy empire the world has ever known. We suppose that such an approach is an attempt to lessen the blame that should be placed upon the British or insome sense to veil the magnitude of the tragedy."

-Sv

If such a comment was written by a credible Irish historian writing on the famine, he would be an international laughing stock. We do not know the figure of how many died and we can never know. Estimates range from 500,000 to 1,000,000. I used 700,000 which is the one most recently suggested. Earlier totals from nineteenth and early twentieth century failed to take into account something that only detailed studies in recent African famines brought fully to light, namely the impact of famine on fertility levels. Earlier totals presumed that during the famine fertility rates remained the same as before it. That we now know is not correct. Even if no-one died, there still would have been a massive drop between the expected population arrived at in 1851 and the total produced by lower fertility levels. But there was a massive death rate and an absence of births which together produced a total of 6.6 million, through death, emigration and absence of births, not as was originally throught, through the death and emigration alone.

If 99% of historians, relying or archival material, reach one conclusion on the famine, and one 'historian' (I could use other words) reaches another, then I know which side of the argument I'm on. And if the best you can rely on is a mis-interpreted propagandistic quote from John Mitchell (whom you didn't even know who he was) and the above nonsense, then there is no point wasting time in this worthless debate. The facts, the evidence, the interpretation is all there. If you have a problem with it all, that is your problem, not mine and not Ireland's. If you want to off and bash Britain, do it where you know the facts. (There are plenty of places where they can justifiably be bashed) but don't you dare abuse the memories of up to one million Irish famine victims, including my great-granduncle and his family, to push your own political agenda) Mickey Mouse history has no place in Wikipedia, unless on the Mickey Mouse page. JTD 02:52 Jan 8, 2003 (UTC)

"Mickey Mouse history has no place in Wikipedia" hoboy, are you in for a shock. the beautiful thing about the open-source WP, my friend - do you know what it is? Ye own not history. :)---Sv

History owns history, Sv, not that on the evidence of the famine you know much about it. And if you think you can vandalise pages because you don't agree with them, or because they don't fit into your clichéd stereotypes, you are living in dreamworld. This is Wikipedia, not Stevepedia! Stop acting like a prat. JTD 03:19 Jan 8, 2003 (UTC)

Oh, certainly. , JTD :) --Sv

title: Talk:Great Famine (Ireland)/Archive 2


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IIT Bombay

The Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT Bombay) is a public research university and technical institute in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

IIT Bombay was founded in 1958. In 1961, the Parliament decreed IITs as Institutes of National Importance. A committee formed by the Government of India recommended the establishment of four higher institutes of technology to set the direction for the development of technical education in the country in 1946. Planning had begun in 1957 and the first cohort of 100 students was admitted in 1958. Since its establishment in Powai, the institute has expanded to include more than 584 major buildings, with a combined area of more than 2.2 square kilometers.

IIT Bombay is known for its 4-year, 5-year and 2-year programmes for which the entrance is through the Joint Entrance Examinations (JEE), Joint Admission Test for Masters (JAM) and Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE). Degrees offered in the university include the four-year Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech.), the two- or three-year Master of Technology (M.Tech.), the four-year Bachelor of Science (B.S.), the two-year Master of Science (M.Sc.) and the five-year Inter-Disciplinary Dual-Degree Programme (IDDDP) among many others. It also has a comprehensive graduate program offering doctoral degrees in science, technology, engineering and mathematics. It currently has a total of 15 academic departments, 20 additional education centres, a school of excellence and four interdisciplinary programmes including a management programme and industrial design programmes.

History
IIT Bombay was the second Indian Institute of Technology to be established in 1958 with assistance from UNESCO and with funds endowed by the Soviet Union. UNESCO agreed to provide equipment whilst technical experts mainly came from the Soviet Union. The Government of India held the mantle for all other expenses including the cost of the buildings and any recurring expenses. The proposed site for the institute was Powai with an area of 550 acre which the Bombay State Government rendered. While construction was being completed, the first academic session of the institute opened on 25 July 1958, in its temporary home at the Synthetic and Art Silk Mills Research Association (SASMIRA) building in Worli with 100 students. The following is the status quo of the assistance received from the UNESCO under the UN Expanded Programme of Technical Assistance:
 * Equipment costing Rs.57,35,000 has so far been received (USSR—Rs.55,50,000; UK—Rs.1,50,000; USA—Rs.18,000 and Germany—Rs.19,000)
 * 12 Professors (10 Russians, 1 American and 1 Yugoslavian) and 3 Russian Translators are working at the Institution.
 * For advanced training in USSR, 4 Indian teachers were deputed in 1958 and 6 more teachers were selected.

These students were selected from over 3,400 applicants for admission to the first year undergraduate engineering programmes of Aerospace, Chemical, Civil, Computer, Electrical, Engineering Physics, Energy, Mechanical, Metallurgical Engineering, and MSc Chemistry. One of the main objectives of establishing the institute was to develop facilities for studies in a variety of specialized engineering and technological sciences. The need for establishing adequate facilities for postgraduate studies and research was kept uppermost in mind in the founding years. While the institute was functioning provisionally at Worli, an effort was made to expedite the progress of the building project at its permanent location and Jawaharlal Nehru laid the foundation stone of the Institute at Powai on 10 March 1959.

On 9 July 2018, IIT Bombay was conferred the status of Institute of Eminence by the Ministry of Human Resources & Development, along with 5 other institutes in India which would provide it additional autonomy and government funds.

Campus
The IIT Bombay campus, having an area of about 545 acres, is located at Powai, in East Mumbai, between the Vihar and Powai lakes. The campus is divided into clusters of buildings. The academic area chiefly comprises the main building, various departmental annexes and auditoria. All department annexes are connected by a corridor named Infinite Corridor. Beyond the Convocation Hall lie most of the hostels. There are a total of 18 hostels, of which two hostels (Hostels 10 and 11) and a wing of the newly constructed hostel (Hostel 15) are for female students.

Due to its proximity to the Sanjay Gandhi National Park, the campus has significant green cover and is mostly untouched by the pollution of the rest of the city. The proximity of the campus to the national park has also led to occasional sightings of leopards and mugger crocodiles along the banks of the Powai lake. Sometimes they stray into the campus in search of prey.

The campus has also recorded over 200 species of birds including Indian grey hornbill, Indian pitta, Vigors's sunbird, Ashy prinia, Indian paradise flycatcher, Rufous woodpecker, and Oriental darter.

The institute has two swimming pools; football, hockey and cricket grounds; and tennis, basketball, squash and volleyball courts. It also has a Students' Activity Center (SAC) for various cultural and other extracurricular activities. In addition to these facilities, the campus also houses two high schools, one of which is a Kendriya Vidyalaya and the other is called IIT Campus School.

Governance
At the institutional level, IIT Bombay is governed by a Board of Governors with its chairman nominated by the Visitor (the President of India) guided by the IIT Council; the Director as a member; the Registrar as secretary. Besides this, there are four persons having specialized knowledge or practical experience in respect of education, engineering or science nominated by the council. Two professors are nominated by the Senate. Additionally, one technologist or industrialist of repute is nominated by the government of each of the States of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat.

For all academic matters, the Senate is the authority having control and responsibility for the maintenance of standards of instruction, education and examinations and all other allied academic matters. The Senate is constituted of all the professors of the institute, a few nominated members and the director, appointed by MHRD for five years, the executive head of the institute is the chairman.

The key people in the execution of the institute's activities are the director and two deputy directors (Academic & Infrastructural Affairs and Finance & External Affairs) who are assisted by seven Deans (Infrastructure Planning & Support, Research & Development, Academic Programmes, Students Affairs, Alumni & Corporate Relations, Faculty Affairs and International Relations) and the Heads of the Departments, Centres and Schools. The other administrative functions are managed by the Registrar, with senior administrative officers being assigned for specific areas such as Estate Management, Materials Management, Personnel Management, Finance and Accounts, and Academic Affairs.

The Institute Advisory Council is a non-statutory body comprising eminent personalities from business, industry and academia, which reviews and makes suggestions on long-term policies and short-term goals.

Academic Office
The Academic Office of the institute exists to facilitate, initiate and co-ordinate the academic work of the institute, particularly the teaching and assessment of students. It acts as the repository of grades and academic records of all students, both past and present. It provides administrative support to the Senate, which is the highest academic body of the institute.

The head of the Academic Office is the dean of academic programmes, who is a senior professor of the institute. The Dean is helped by a permanent administrative set-up headed by a deputy registrar (education). The Academic Office closely interacts with the dean of student affairs (DoSA), who looks after all non-academic problems of students. The DoSA, as the ex-officio president of the Student Gymkhana, coordinates various co-curricular activities of students.

Departments, centres, and schools
IIT Bombay has 15 departments, 36 multi-disciplinary centres, 3 schools of excellence and 4 interdisciplinary programs.

The academic departments in IIT Bombay include the following:

 * Aerospace Engineering
 * Biosciences and Bioengineering
 * Chemical Engineering
 * Chemistry
 * Civil Engineering
 * Computer Science & Engineering
 * Earth Sciences
 * Electrical Engineering
 * Energy Science and Engineering
 * Environmental Science and Engineering (ESED)
 * Humanities & Social Science
 * Industrial Engineering & Operations Research
 * Mathematics
 * Mechanical Engineering
 * Metallurgical Engineering & Materials Science
 * Physics

The following multi-disciplinary centres are located in IIT Bombay:

 * Application Software Centre (ASC)
 * Biomedical Engineering and Technology (Incubation) Centre (BETiC)
 * Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science (CRNTS)
 * Centre for Aerospace Systems Design and Engineering (CASDE)
 * Computer Centre (CC)
 * Centre for Computational Engineering and Science
 * Centre for Distance Engineering Education Programme (CDEEP)
 * Centre of Excellence in Nanoelectronics
 * Centre for Excellence in Steel Technology (CEST)
 * Centre of Excellence in Oil, Gas and Energy (CoE-OGE)
 * Ashank Desai Centre for Policy Studies (CPS)
 * Centre for Machine Intelligence and Data Science (C-MInDS)
 * Centre of Studies in Resources Engineering (CSRE)
 * Centre for Technology Alternatives for Rural Areas (CTARA)
 * Centre for Formal Design and Verification of Software (CFDVS)
 * Centre of Propulsion Technology (CoPT)
 * Centre for Urban Science and Engineering (C-USE)
 * Centre for Liberal Education (CLE)
 * Forbes Marshall Energy Efficiency Laboratory
 * Geospatial Information Science and Engineering
 * IITB-Monash Research Academy
 * Koita Centre for Digital Health (KCDH)
 * National Centre for Aerospace Innovation and Research (NCAIR)
 * National Centre of Excellence in Carbon Capture and Utilization (NCoE-CCU)
 * National Center of Excellence in Technology for Internal Security (NCETIS)
 * National Centre for Mathematics (NCM)
 * National Centre for Photovoltaic Research and Education (NCPRE)
 * National Mission on Education Through ICT
 * National Solar Thermal Research, Testing and Simulation Technology
 * Parimal and Pramod Chaudhari Centre for Learning and Teaching (PPCCLT)
 * Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility (SAIF)
 * Tata Centre for Technology and Design (TCTD)
 * Tata Teleservices - IITB Centre for Excellence in Telecommunication
 * Technocraft Centre for Applied Artificial Intelligence (TCAAI)
 * Wadhwani Research Centre for Bioengineering (WRCB)
 * Water Innovation Centre: Technology, Research and Education

Additional Centre:
 * IITB-WashU Aerosol and Air Quality Research Center

Schools of excellence in IIT Bombay are:
 * Desai Sethi School of Entrepreneurship (DSSE)
 * IDC School of Design
 * Shailesh J Mehta School of Management

Programmes
IIT Bombay offers a wide range of educational programmes including physical sciences, engineering, designs, humanities and social sciences such as economics, English, philosophy, psychology and sociology and management studies with a primary focus on engineering. The institute also offers short-term courses through continuing education and distance education programmes. The university is a member of Links to Asia by Organizing Traineeship and Student Exchange (LAOTSE), an international network of leading universities in Europe and Asia exchanging students and senior scholars.

The institute conducts educational programmes leading to the degree of Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech.), Bachelor of Sciences (B.S.), Dual Degree (B.Tech. and M.Tech. in 5 years), Master of Science (MSc.), Master of Technology (M.Tech.), Bachelor of Design (B.Des.), Master of Design (M.Des.), Master of Business Administration (MBA), formerly Master of Management, Master of Philosophy (M.Phil.) and Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.) in various subject domains.

Every year, IIT Bombay awards degrees, B.Tech., M.Tech., Dual Degree (B.Tech. and M.Tech.), M.Mgmt, MSc and Ph.D. to more than 1,000 students. The undergraduate students at IIT Bombay are selected through the Joint Entrance Examination of the IITs. The graduate students are selected through Joint Admission Test for Masters (JAM) and Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE) conducted by IIT's and IISc on behalf of MHRD [Ministry of Human Resource Development]. At a given time, the campus is home to more than 6,000 people: students, professors, and non-academic staffs.

In 2015 the National Virtual Academy for Indian Agriculture launched a free online agriculture course in collaboration with ICRISAT Hyderabad and IIT Bombay. From July 2016, IIT Bombay is planning to offer a four-year undergraduate programme in economics.

In April 2015, IIT Bombay launched the first U.S.-India joint EMBA program alongside Washington University in St. Louis.

Rankings
Internationally, IIT Bombay was ranked 118 in the QS World University Rankings of 2024 and 36th in Asia.

IIT Bombay was also ranked 4th in the overall category, 4th among research institutions, 3rd among engineering colleges and 10th among management schools in India by the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) in 2023. Outlook India ranked IIT Bombay 3rd among government engineering colleges in 2022. IIT Bombay was ranked 1st in the QS India Rankings of 2020. In India Today Best engineering colleges 2022, IIT Bombay was ranked 2nd.

Development activities
Faculty members from IIT Bombay undertake industry-sponsored research and consultancy projects that are made available through the institute. These are funded by various national agencies like the Department of Science and Technology, Department of Electronics, Department of Space, Aeronautical Development Agency, Department of Atomic Energy, and Oil and Natural Gas Commission (ONGC). Many are also working on projects of national importance. A few projects are also being funded by international agencies. Typically in one year, there are about 400 on-going sponsored projects. The sponsored research has ushered in intense research activity leading to the formation of active research groups and has helped in the creation of modern research facilities in key areas.

The office of the Dean (R&D) provides the necessary liaison with industry and sponsoring agencies. The office helps industry to identify faculty expertise and institutional facilities, and assists faculty in identifying industry problems.

There are also a number of central facilities such as the Central Library, Central Workshop, and Printing Press. The Computer Centre started functioning in 1986 with facilities which have been continuously updated. The Computer Aided Design Centre with its own minicomputers and workstations, supplemented by additional computing facilities, caters to CAD activity in chemical engineering and metallurgical engineering. Research groups like VLSI Design, CAD/CAM also have computing facilities which are accessible to other departments for development activities. The OrthoCAD Network Research Cell was established in 2007 to jump-start indigenous research and development activities in orthopedic reconstruction systems. Experimental facilities set up by various departments include laboratories for robotics, biotechnology, microelectronics, microprocessor applications, telematics, remote sensing, low-temperature physics, and aerodynamics.

IIT Bombay announced online classes for the batch 2020-21 from August 10. A fund raising campaign was launched to help the students in need. The batch of 1994 of IIT Bombay donated Rs. 1.25 crores to provide students with laptops and internet connections.

In 2024 India's first Quantum Diamond Microchip Imager was proposed by PQuest Lab of IIT Bombay, in an alliance with Tata Consultancy Services (TCS).

Cultural and non-academic activities
The student's Gymkhana is the parent body of all student councils and institute bodies responsible for organizing student activities and fests around the year. The major councils under Gymkhana include Hostel Affairs Council, Undergraduate Academic Council, Postgraduate Academic Council, Sports Council, Tech Council and Cultural Council. Apart from councils bodies like Mood Indigo, Techfest, Entrepreneurship Cell, Student Alumni Relationship Cell, etc. also come under the student's Gymkhana. The heads of all councils and institute bodies are elected annually for a term of one year.

The annual Science & Technology festival of IIT Bombay, Techfest, which was started in 1998, is held in December every year and is Asia's largest Science and Technology festival.

The trademark of NCC IITB is giving the rarest opportunities to its cadets. NCC bestows the providential opportunity of saluting the flag twice a year, on Independence Day and Republic Day. The cadets also get a chance to give the coveted Guard of Honour to the higher rank officers of defense forces.

At NCC IITB, students are trained in drills by their seniors in sessions that take place once a week.Various GCs are organized like Cult GC, Sports GC and Training GC throughout the year which keep cadets sufficiently involved to learn and grow new potentialities and skills.

The Entrepreneurship Cell of IIT Bombay (also known as E-Cell, IITB), started in 1998, organizes several activities throughout the year to promote entrepreneurship. Eureka! is Asia's largest business model competition conducted by E-Cell, IITB and receives participation from more than 12,500 startups. E-Summit is a two-day entrepreneurship conclave organized in the campus of IIT Bombay by E-Cell to bring together all the stakeholders of the entrepreneurship ecosystem.

The annual cultural festival Mood Indigo, usually held in December is an event hosted by the student body and is Asia's largest college cultural festival. The most attractive feature of this 4-day event is the influential personalities who have graced the festival like R D Burman, Aamir Khan, Sir Mark Tully, Sachin Tendulkar, Porcupine Tree, Simple Plan, Mike Portnoy and many more.

These college festivals are organised, financially managed and conducted entirely by the students of this institute. All these festivals and organisations are sponsored by private enterprise.

Abhyuday, the social body of IIT Bombay also hosts one of its kind two-day social fest started in 2013 to provide a link between the real-life problems faced by the people to the students who wish to bring about a change society. The two-day fest is home to Action Plan - a social entrepreneurship competition, movie screenings, workshops and events on varied social issues. Many eminent personalities and social workers like Sonam Wangchuk, Dia Mirza, Ashish Vidyarthi, Tukaram Munde and such have graced the social fest since its start.

Apart from these festivals, various other engineering streams based festivals are also being organised to motivate students towards Science and Technology. These include Radiance (Mechanical Engineering), Zephyr (Aerospace Engineering), AZeotropy (Chemical Engineering), Padarth(Metallurgy and Material Science Engineering), IMPULSE (Electrical Engineering) and recently, Aakaar (Civil Engineering).

The institute has music clubs "Symphony" and "Roots" which pertain to western and Indian music respectively. It also has an LGBT alliance club called "Saathi". The institute has an active NCC unit, the 2 Maharashtra Engineer Regiment which is an attachment of the Bombay Sappers.

IIT Bombay's Diamond Jubilee was held in 2018, with Prime Minister Narendra Modi attending as the chief guest of the convocation function.

Notable alumni and faculty members

 * Bhavish Aggarwal (co-founder of Ola Cabs)
 * Jairam Ramesh (member of Rajya Sabha)
 * K. Sivan (former chairman of ISRO)
 * Nandan Nilekani (non - executive chairman, Infosys)
 * Nitesh Tiwari (film director, screenwriter, lyricist)
 * Parag Agrawal (former CEO of twitter)
 * Raghu Raghuram (CEO, VMware)
 * Manohar Parrikar (former Union Minister Of Defense and Ex CM, Goa)
 * Vipul Goyal (stand up comedian)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: IIT Bombay


text:
User talk:Someone else/talk1

Hello there Someone else, welcome to the 'pedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you need any questions answered about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. BTW, thanks for starting the Duke of Cornwall article (a list of all persons with that title would be neat -- you know where such a list can be found?). Cheers! --maveric149

Oddly, and perhaps sadly, yes, and said list should be available even as I type for your delectation.

Is this the right place to reply? I'm a little iffy on that!

Someone else

 * yup. One's User Talk page is like an inbox / guestbook / ongoing conversation. Welcome to the Wikipedia. :-) -- Tarquin

Hello Someone else

I moved your Pedro I of Brazil to Dom Pedro I] considering the principle of "Use common names of persons and things". Convention: Use the most common name of a person or thing that does not conflict with the names of other people or things.  The term "Dom Pedro I" is already listed in many places, even if it didnt exist yet. I am a newbie, so I am sorry if what I did is lame. - Hi I saw what you writed to me on my User talk page. I am sorry, i'll move them back, then. Sorry. [[User:Yves Marques Teixeira

I understand. I'm updating things from "Dom Pedro I" (and II) to "Pedro I of Brazil", then. I am really trying to help, but the credits of History of Brazil aren't mine. I have just made a few updates in the names of presidents and other little things. Even so, I am looking forward to contribute with "real" things to History of Brazil and everything else possible. Again, I apologize for the confusion. Thanks for helping adding those terms, which I will update if more informations, soon.

I think you were confusing Muhammad ibn Ismail ad-Darazi with someone else :-) --Ed Poor

 * yes, thanks, I noticed. I was hasty in removing the assertion that Muhammad was worshipped - an assertion which would be made only to be provocative.  Then I checked my ibn's and found you'd fixed it the right way. Someone else 21:03 Oct 7, 2002 (UTC)

Thanks for fixing that nonsense I wrote at radio. I must have sat here for ten minutes trying to come up with something that made sense. Tokerboy 03:12 Nov 11, 2002 (UTC)

Do you know the proper relation between teh immune cells monocytes, histiocytes, dendritic cells and macrophages? I surfed the net and found conflicting information (surprise). For instance, do dendritic cells count as histiocytes? Thanks, AxelBoldt 02:55 Nov 18, 2002 (UTC)

 * Hmmm... I'll give it a shot, one of the problems is that the terms SEEM more specific than they really are, and they are used very imprecisely. I'm not at ALL surprised there's conflicting info. These are the most common meanings...

 * monocytes: same cell as a macrophage, though in a different place (i.e. in tissue).
 * histiocytes: a sort of oldish name for a macrophage or tissue monocyte, aka fixed macrophage
 * dendritic cells: a cell line further specialized from monocytes/macrophages (expressing different surface receptors). They have been called Langerhans cells when they are in the skin or submucosa. To complicate things, follicular dendritic cells (found in lymphoid organs) are probably a distinct cell line from dendritic cells.  Dendritic cells present antigen to "T-cells", follicular dendritic cells present antigen to "B-cells".
 * macrophages: aka mononuclear phagocytes, or in older texts the reticuloendothelial system (RES). as these cells develop, they go from monoblast -> promonocytes -> monocytes -> macrophages. Monocytes are in the blood stream: they become macrophages when they arrive in the tissue. Some macrophages/histiocytes have been given yet more specialized names, like Kupfer cells

I'd say (and most others too, I think) dendritic cells count as histiocytes, since they are phagocytic cells found in tissue.

Hope this helps, I'm glad you're tackling the immune system. It's easy to lose the overview in all the details... makes one's eyes glaze over after a bit! -- Someone else 04:04 Nov 18, 2002 (UTC)

Thanks a lot, that clarifies things. Could you check if dendritic cell is allright? I still have two questions about dendritic cells: Cheers, AxelBoldt 19:00 Nov 18, 2002 (UTC)
 * do they crawl around in tissues, or do they sit still and wait for a virus/bacteria to find them?
 * do they directly develop from monocytes, or from macrophages?

"Dendritic cell" looks good to me, though there are 2 places where I wondered a bit:
 * The article says "Dendritic cells constantly sample the surroundings for viruses and bacteria": to me, this makes dendritic cells sound 'smarter' than they are. They respond to foreign, or non-self, proteins, they don't know if it's viral or bacterial or anything other than non-self. But this may be more obscure than the way you have it.
 * I don't know that I'd call helper T-cells the HIV virus's "true host": HIV infects a lot of cells, though CD-4 cells are a special target and a major means of increasing the level of infection.

As for your specific questions:
 * I don't know how motile they are in tissue. I'd BET they move around a bit, but I don't KNOW that this is the case.
 * the short answer is they develop from monocytes - they seem to be CD14+ monocytes. The long answer is that this is an area of active research and the exact understanding of how dendritic cells develop is likely to change as further research is done. But I think the general idea that once a cell is a macrophage it's too late for it to become a dendritic cell is sound.

(I'll put a copy of this on the article's talk page) -- Someone else 22:59 Nov 18, 2002 (UTC)

- Thank you, Someone else... :) Yves 03:41 Nov 25, 2002 (UTC) Hi, Isis. I'm consumed with curiousity. Why on earth would Elsmere outlaw plants over 8" tall? (Welcome back, too) -- Someone else 03:38 Dec 1, 2002 (UTC)

It's too long a story for me to tell you now, because I'm working against a deadline the 11th, but the short answer is I pissed off the town's officials, so they prosecuted me under the standard "weed" ordinance, which is not supposed to apply to "ornamental plants" cultivated in a yard, only to overgrown vacant lots. The upshot was I ended up in jail and am still suing the town in several state and federal courts. If you're interested, I'll scan in and e-mail you the newspaper clippings when I get around to it, but it may not be for a week or two. There are 3 or 4 newspaper articles, I think, and I've been meaning to scan them in and convert them to pdf anyhow, so just let me know if you want copies when I do. -- isis 04:13 Dec 1, 2002 (UTC)

 * It sounds very interesting, and I'd love to see the details when you don't have more pressing work. I'm thinking said officials have bit off a bit more than they can chew comfortably! -- Someone else

Thanks for help with spelling, sorry no date for the autopsy, this was probably done by someone not worthy an article in the english wikipedia. I think I am withdrawing back to the Swedish wikipedia, leaving the articles I read about Swedish persons in peace. Like Birger Jarl whos wife was before her marriage with Birger married with her own father?, jolly good, and this place dont need genealogy, I can see that. Thanks for moral support someone else. Dan Koehl 00:54 Dec 10, 2002 (UTC)

 * Like you, I think the idea of a Wiki-based genealogy is intriguing. But so many people are willing to post erroneous information that I think most of the time you'd be correcting errors, and then people would put them back in... success depends on the dedication of the people participating to accuracy, and the internet is testimony to how inaccurate people can be.   As you realize, I like genealogy very much, and at first resented  when people would delete information saying "Wikipedia is not genealogy" or "Wikipedia is not a dictionary", etc.  But the hostility is toward genealogy as a field, I hope you don't take it personally, if only because you keep the Swedish stuff "honest", and it's good to see you contribute here.  My medieval Swedish genealogy is weak! -- Someone else 01:07 Dec 10, 2002 (UTC)

Hi! I noticed you wrestling with Weehawken earlier and thought I might mention that there are two "towns the Rambot missed" in the Anthony Wayne article. I don't really have the time or inclination to write articles on them myself (well, besides that there's the compelling temptation to be able to say in the future that "I let Someone else do it." *chuckle*) Hephaestos 02:09 Dec 23, 2002 (UTC)

I do tend to wikify dates as I come across them, though some people don't feel the need to have all dates wikified. I don't really care -- if you want to go ahead and wikify them, go ahead, if I see them, I'll probably change them. :-) -- Zoe

 * Well, at the very least then, I'll lower my "wikificiation threshold'!  Someone else

Iris, isis, whatever -- what's in a name? Happy New Year to you, too, and getting the newspaper articles about my weed war with Elsmere into the computer is nearing the top of my "to do" list, in case you're still interested. -- isis 08:44 Jan 1, 2003 (UTC)

 * well yes, I am! And I have never read a clearer exposition of the E.F.Hutton Debacle, great work! ---Someone else 08:46 Jan 1, 2003 (UTC)

The newspaper clippings about my weed war with Elsmere are at [[Media:esmrnews.htm]]. BTW, the town residents got so pissed off about their throwing me in jail that they voted in a new mayor, and the town manager and code-enforcement officer quoted in the articles were fired. Meanwhile, I'm still suing the town for damaging my fence, etc., but now it's mostly in federal court instead of state court. -- isis 01:10 Jan 3, 2003 (UTC)

 * Many thanks for the flower link. The shame of "unrestrained" shrubbery! If you ever succeed in collecting damages from Elsmere, it'd be fun if you let them work it off gardening for you! -- Someone else 03:25 Jan 3, 2003 (UTC)

Yes, when my life flashes before me in my last moments, I'm sure all other regrets will be overshadowed by the eternal shame of having had unmanicured shrubbery in Elsmere -- unless I do something even more outrageous in the meantime, that is. Thanks for the compliment about the Hutton mess (which I assume was for the article E. F. Hutton, not for [[Media:Dimndust.htm|Diamond Dust]]); as it happens, one of my deep-seated prejudices is feeling that anyone who can't explain something to my satisfaction doesn't really understand it, so I love hearing I've explained something well. On that (Hutton) topic, I had a lot of trouble tracking down Ed Hutton's birth date, and while I was looking, I found out how much info is out there about Marjorie Merriweather Post and her father C. W. Post, but I don't have time to do justice to them (altho I've already picked out photos of them to put in their articles) -- is there any possibility you could get around to doing them? I, for one, would be very grateful. -- isis 18:06 Jan 3, 2003 (UTC)

 * I do have enough info to make stubs at least on CW Post & daughter. (I too have noticed that E.F. Hutton's birthdate seems not to appear ANYWHERE!). At least there'll be a spot for the photos, though. -- Someone else 18:54 Jan 3, 2003 (UTC)

Good for you, and thanks. I finally gave up on EFH's birthdate and phoned the reference desk at the public library in Wilmington, and they gave me the info I put in E. F. Hutton, with three different dates from usually reliable sources. I suspect that in his early years when he was having trouble getting/keeping jobs, he probably lied about his age at times, just like Zsa Zsa. -- isis 19:09 Jan 3, 2003 (UTC)

 * Isis, I'm thinking that the date (1914) in the E. F. Hutton article for the founding of the Postum Company must be off, since C. W. Post died in 1914? -- Someone else 21:04 Jan 3, 2003 (UTC)

Right, that's the founding of E. F. Hutton & Co., which Dina Merrill's father founded before his first wife died in 1918 and he married Marjorie in 1920. EFH took over running the Post companies, but he didn't start them. Dina Merrill was on the board of E. F. Hutton Group's directors until it was sold in 1987. -- isis 21:57 Jan 3, 2003 (UTC)

 * Ah! : my "she" was still stuck on Marjorie Post :) -- Someone else

It happens. Well, we have a good start on the Posts, father and daughter, and I hope in her article someone will get around to mentioning the houses and boats EFH built for her, but I won't be around much for a couple of weeks -- I hadn't heard from my editor and so thought my deadline would be toward the end of the month, but today he dropped my work on me late (for a deadline the 13th), so I have to do that instead of this until then. Keep up the good work. -- isis 01:36 Jan 4, 2003 (UTC)

 * Ah, well, work - even work with a deadline - is good too I guess. Apparently the boats were quite spectacular, and if I get something useful I'll add it. Ta for now. -- Someone else 01:40 Jan 4, 2003 (UTC)

--

I haven't the foggiest where Fountains of Wayne got their name. I've never even heard of them, but I'm trying to move bands and albums to their correct title. Sorry I can't be of more help. Tokerboy

Please don't mark reverting vandalism as minor unless it is minor. Deleting the link to "of the" is minor; reverting a page whose entire text was replaced with an insult is not minor. -phma

I didn't say to not revert vandalism. Please do; the more eyeballs the better. -phma

Hi, a question came up in Talk:Menstrual cycle, could you take a look? AxelBoldt 02:20 Jan 8, 2003 (UTC)

 * Always a pleasure :)  (what peculiar questions come up!!)  -- Someone else 02:57 Jan 8, 2003 (UTC)

title: User talk:Someone else/talk1


text:
Jorge Ramos (news anchor)

Jorge Gilberto Ramos Ávalos (born March 16, 1958) is a Mexican-American journalist and author. Regarded as the best-known Spanish-language news anchor in the United States of America, he has been referred to as "The Walter Cronkite of Latin America". Based in Miami, Florida, he anchors the Univision news television program Noticiero Univision, the Univision Sunday-morning political news program Al Punto, and the Fusion TV English-language program America with Jorge Ramos. He has covered five wars, and events ranging from the fall of the Berlin Wall to the War in Afghanistan.

Ramos has won ten Emmy Awards and the Maria Moors Cabot Prize for excellence in journalism. He has also been included on Time magazine's list of "The World's Most Influential People".

Early life
Jorge Gilberto Ramos Ávalos was born on March 16, 1958, in Mexico City, Mexico, to a Roman Catholic family, and he was raised in the Bosques de Echegaray neighborhood of Naucalpan, a suburb of Mexico City. His father was an architect. He attended Catholic schools where he states he was abused by the priests.

Ramos graduated from the Universidad Iberoamericana in Mexico City where he majored in communications. Ramos has a Master's degree in International Studies from the University of Miami. In 2007, the University of Richmond conferred an honorary Doctor of Letters on him.

Career
Ramos worked for Grupo Televisa's flagship XEW-TV in Mexico City for the network's local version of 60 Minutes. At the age of 24, he quit that job after a story he produced that was critical of Mexico's government was censored. In 1983, he left Mexico on a student visa for Los Angeles, where he planned to enroll in the UCLA Extension's journalism classes. In 1984, he was hired by KMEX-TV, an affiliate of what was then the Spanish International Network (SIN) in Los Angeles, which operated on a shoestring budget in a run-down facility on Melrose Avenue. At KMEX, Ramos felt he could express himself freely: "To me it was a palace... the United States gave me opportunities that my country of origin could not: freedom of the press and complete freedom of expression." Three years later, he became the host for KMEX's morning program, Mundo Latino. In 1987, Ramos then joined SIN's national operation which was rebranded as the Univision network a year later after coming under new ownership; Univision has a broad entertainment and news-sharing agreement with Televisa.

Since 1987, Ramos has been the anchorman for Noticiero Univision, a nightly Spanish language newscast, alongside colleague María Elena Salinas. He also hosts Al Punto, a Spanish-language Sunday public affairs program aired weekly on Univision, and America with Jorge Ramos, an English language news magazine on Fusion TV.

In 1989, as he watched the fall of the Berlin Wall, Ramos has said he remembered thinking, "This is why I am what I am!" Other world events he covered include the Salvadoran Civil War, the Persian Gulf War, the dissolution of the Soviet Union, and the 9/11 terrorist attacks. During the United States's War in Afghanistan, Ramos traveled there on his own while on vacation because his network refused to send him. Throughout his career he has covered five wars.

As of 2014, KMEX-DT his Univision 34 news shows regularly beat their English language competition among young viewers. He has interviewed multiple world leaders including Barack Obama, George W. Bush, Bill Clinton, George H. W. Bush, Fidel Castro, Daniel Ortega and Hugo Chávez.

Ramos also writes a bilingual newspaper column that is published internationally, and appears regularly as a pundit on English-language cable networks, like CNN and MSNBC. Polls among American Latinos rank him as the most trusted and influential Hispanic in America, surpassing all other political leaders, and his Q Score among Latino audiences places him between soccer star Lionel Messi and pop singer Shakira.

In 2002, he founded Despierta Leyendo (Wake Up Reading), the first book club in the history of Spanish-language television.

On February 21, 2008, he represented Univision in a Democratic debate between Senators Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama on The University of Texas at Austin campus in Austin, Texas.

In 2012, Ramos, critical of the lack of Latino moderators in any of the U.S. presidential debates, complained that the debate commission was "stuck in the 1950s". When Univision held its own forums with candidates Barack Obama and Mitt Romney, Ramos challenged both of them on their immigration policies, specifically Romney's "self-deportation" policy, which Ramos considered an insult to Latinos, and Obama's deportation of more than 1.4 million people, and his reneging on his promise to address immigration during his first term. Washington Monthly named Ramos the broadcaster who would most determine the 2012 presidential election. Ramos' increased notability, however, led to criticism of his advocacy approach. To this Ramos has stated, "Our position is clearly pro-Latino or pro-immigrant ... We are simply being the voice of those who don't have a voice."

In 2015, after Donald Trump became a presidential candidate, Ramos pursued an interview with Trump for months. When he sent Trump a handwritten request in June, Trump, who had filed a lawsuit against Univision over its decision to drop the Miss Universe pageant following the candidate's comments about Mexican immigrants, posted Ramos's letter on Instagram, which exposed Ramos's cell phone number. Trump later deleted the post.

On August 25, 2015, Ramos attended a news conference held in Dubuque, Iowa, by Trump. Prior to attending, Ramos studied previous Trump press conferences and discovered a pattern of Trump repetitively interjecting "excuse me" and calling on another reporter when asked a question opposing his beliefs. Due to this knowledge, Ramos refused to sit down and persistently continued questioning Trump about his immigration policies when rebuffed. Ramos insisted on his rights as a reporter and United States citizen to ask a question, prompting Trump's Head of Security Keith Schiller to push him backwards out of the conference room. About 15 minutes later, Trump allowed Ramos to return to the conference, where he and Trump engaged in a heated exchange on the issue. Trump later explained that he had not called on Ramos for a question, as he had called on another reporter in the audience. Ramos accused Trump of "spreading hate" with his calls for mass deportations of undocumented families, and repealing birthright citizenship, and questioned the feasibility of Trump's proposals. He also questioned Trump's viability as a candidate among Latino voters, citing a poll indicating that 75% of those voters held unfavorable opinions of him,  and projected that Trump would only get 16% of the Latino vote. Election exit polls showed Trump getting 29% of the Hispanic vote, a 13% increase over Ramos's projection. Most Latinos did not vote though. Latino turnout was actually under 50%, even lower than the historically low election turnout overall. It was higher in the prior election since Obama was running.

The press conference incident inspired Ramos to create his documentary Hate Rising focused on increasing incidents of racial bigotry and violence across the country, which aired October 23, 2016, on Univision and Fusion. In preparation for the documentary, Ramos met with members of various hate groups across the country including Ku Klux Klan members and neo-Nazis, along with Latino and Muslim victims. His journey lasted nine months, often placing him in danger as both an immigrant and a Mexican-American man. In order to gain face time with members of white supremacist groups, Ramos partnered with director Catherine Tambini, an American who the groups were under the impression they would be speaking to, and only right before the interview started did Ramos sit down to ask questions.

In 2016, Ramos began leveraging Facebook Live to stream raw footage taken on his phone to social media audiences, gaining 2.6 million views on his Iowa caucus videos and over four million on his reports during the New Hampshire primaries.

On February 25, 2019, he was held with his journalistic group in the Miraflores Palace after an interview with Nicolás Maduro. After seizing the equipment and interview recordings, he was released hours later and deported from the country. During the interview, Maduro denied there was a humanitarian crisis in Venezuela, which led Ramos to show Maduro images of Venezuelans eating garbage to point out that there was indeed a crisis. After being released, Ramos stated that he and his group were held because this action bothered Maduro. The Information Minister of Maduro, Jorge Rodríguez, described the incident as a "cheap show."

On April 12, 2019, his intervention in the morning conference of Mexican president Andrés Manuel López Obrador was controversial over the confrontation he held with López Obrador, around homicide figures in Mexico in the period of the administration. The episode opened a debate on the use of figures of malicious homicides in Mexico and its different sources. He interviewed Fidel Castro, confronted Obama on deportations, confronted Trump and is reportedly an admirer of Oriana Fallaci.

Personal life
Ramos earned a master's degree in international studies at the University of Miami in Florida.

In 2008, Ramos became a United States citizen, after many years of feeling personally conflicted over the matter. He had considered himself just another "Mexican with a green card." That year, however, his 50th birthday, he had lived in Mexico 25 years and 25 years in the United States, and came to a realization, explaining, "You have to go through a mental and emotional process to recognize who you really are," Ramos said. "I finally recognized that I cannot be defined by one country. I am from both countries. It took me many years to make peace with that thought, and that I was never going back to Mexico."

Ramos has been married twice. His first wife was Gina Montaner, daughter of exiled Cuban author Carlos Alberto Montaner; they had one daughter, Paola (born 1988). They divorced in 1990 and Paola was raised by her mother in Spain. In 1992, he married Lisa Bolivar in a Roman Catholic ceremony at the Cathedral of San Juan Bautista in San Juan, Puerto Rico. They had one son, Nicolas, and they divorced in 2005. He dated Mexican actress Ana de la Reguera, but since 2011, he has been in a relationship with Venezuelan TV host and actress Chiquinquirá Delgado, who has two daughters from previous relationships. He lives in the Coconut Grove neighborhood of Miami.

Although raised Roman Catholic, Ramos does not believe in God, calling himself an agnostic. He has criticized Pope Francis for presiding over the canonization of Pope John Paul II, who he believes willingly covered up abuses committed by Catholic priests.

Ramos is registered as an independent voter.

Ramos disclosed in June 2015 that his daughter, Paola Ramos, was working for Hillary Clinton's 2016 presidential campaign.

Awards and accolades
Jorge Ramos has won eleven Emmy Awards and the Maria Moors Cabot Prize for excellence in journalism.

In 2015, Ramos was one of the people selected for the five different covers of Time's issue listing "The World's 100 Most Influential People". That same year he was awarded the International Career in Journalism accolade by Ondas Awards.

title: Jorge Ramos (news anchor)


text:
Mill

Mill may refer to:

Science and technology

 * Factory
 * Mill (grinding)
 * Milling (machining)
 * Millwork
 * Paper mill
 * Steel mill, a factory for the manufacture of steel
 * Sugarcane mill
 * Textile mill
 * List of types of mill
 * Mill, the arithmetic unit of the analytical engine early computer

People

 * Andy Mill (born 1953), American skier
 * Arnold van Mill (1921–1996), Dutch bass opera singer
 * Frank Mill (born 1958), German footballer
 * Harriet Taylor Mill (1807–1858), British philosopher and women's rights advocate
 * Henry Mill (c. 1683–1771), English inventor who patented the first typewriter
 * James Mill (1773–1836), Scottish historian, economist and philosopher
 * John Mill (theologian) (c. 1645–1707), English theologian and author of Novum Testamentum Graecum
 * John Stuart Mill (1806–1873), British philosopher and political economist, son of James Mill
 * Loek van Mil (1984–2019), Dutch baseball pitcher
 * Meek Mill, Robert Rihmeek Williams (born 1987), American rapper and songwriter

Places

 * Mill City, Oregon
 * Mill en Sint Hubert, a Dutch municipality
 * Mill, Netherlands, a Dutch village
 * Mill, Missouri, a community in the United States
 * Mill, an electoral ward of Magor with Undy, Monmouthshire, Wales

Other meanings

 * Mill (heraldry), a mill depicted in heraldry
 * Mill (currency), a now-abstract unit of currency
 * Diploma mill or degree mill, a provider of illegitimate academic qualifications
 * Nine men's morris, known as Mill or Mills, a traditional board game
 * Windmill (b-boy move), or mill, a move in b-boying (breakdancing)
 * Mill., the standard author abbreviation when citing a botanical name for Philip Miller
 * Major Indoor Lacrosse League (MILL), the American indoor lacrosse league, now National Lacrosse League
 * An older slang term for a boxing match

title: Mill


text:
Fantômas

Fantômas is a fictional character created by French writers Marcel Allain (1885–1969) and Pierre Souvestre (1874–1914).

One of the most popular characters in the history of French crime fiction, Fantômas was created in 1911 and appeared in a total of 32 volumes written by the two collaborators, then a subsequent 11 volumes written by Allain alone after Souvestre's death. The character was also the basis of various film, television, and comic book adaptations. In the history of crime fiction, he represents a transition from Gothic novel villains of the 19th century to modern-day serial killers and supervillains.

The books and films were released in rapid succession anticipated current production methods of Hollywood, in two respects: First, the authors distributed the writing among themselves; their "working method was to draw up the general plot between them and then go off and write alternate chapters independently of each other, meeting up to tie the two halves of the story together in the final chapter". This approach allowed the authors to produce almost one novel per month. Second, the film rights to the books were immediately snapped up, ensuring that the film studio could produce sequels reliably.

The popular depiction of Fantômas as wearing a blue mask and black gloves and using technological devices did not originate in the novels, but is a result of the popularity of the trilogy of Fantômas films directed by André Hunebelle in the 1960s. The trilogy, which started in 1964 with Fantômas, departed considerably from the novels by giving the story a more comedic tone as preceded by the first two Pink Panther films, and by making Fantômas (played by Jean Marais) more of a James Bond enemy by likewise borrowing from the first two Bond films. Despite these discrepancies, the blue-masked Fantômas is arguably the one that is most easily remembered.

Overview

Fantômas is a criminal genius, ruthless and particularly elusive. As described by Schütt (2003) in her analysis of French crime fiction literature, Fantômas is the cause of almost any unsolved crime, a merciless criminal who can get away with his evil deeds by impersonating pretty much anyone. He is obsessively chased by Inspector Juve, who is generally the only one able to identify Fantômas's tracks.

Fantômas was introduced a few years after Arsène Lupin, another well-known thief. But whereas Lupin draws the line at murder, Fantômas has no such qualms, and is shown as a sociopath who enjoys killing in a sadistic fashion.

He is totally ruthless, shows no mercy, and is loyal to none, not even his own children. He is a master of disguise, always appearing under an assumed identity, often that of a person whom he has murdered. Fantômas makes use of bizarre and improbable techniques in his crimes, such as plague-infested rats, giant snakes, and rooms that fill with sand.

Fantômas's background remains vague. He might be of British and/or French ancestry. He appears to have been born in 1867.

In the books, it is established that c. 1892, the man who later became Fantômas called himself Archduke Juan North and operated in the German principality of Hesse-Weimar. There he fathered a child, Vladimir, with an unidentified noblewoman. In circumstances unrevealed, he was arrested and sent to prison.

In 1895, Fantômas was in India. There, an unidentified European woman gave birth to a baby girl, Hélène, whose father might be Fantômas or an Indian prince who was Fantômas' acolyte. The girl was raised in South Africa.

In 1897, Fantômas was in the United States of America and Mexico. There, he ruined his then business partner, Etienne Rambert.

In 1899, he fought in the Second Boer War in South Africa under the name of Gurn. He fought in the Transvaal as an artillery sergeant under the command of Lord Roberts. He became aide-de-camp to Lord Edward Beltham of Scottwell Hill and fell in love with his younger wife, Lady Maud Beltham.

Upon their return to Europe, soon before the first novel begins (c. 1900), Gurn and Lady Beltham were surprised in their Paris love nest, Rue Levert, by her husband. Lord Beltham was about to shoot Maud when Gurn hit him with a hammer then strangled him.

Fantômas then impersonated Etienne Rambert and framed his son, Charles, for a murder he had committed. As Etienne, he persuaded Charles to go into hiding, but the young man was soon found out by French police detective Juve, who had become truly obsessed with the capture of Fantômas. Juve knew that Charles was innocent and gave him a new identity: journalist Jerôme Fandor, who is employed at the newspaper La Capitale. Juve later arrested Gurn and, at his trial, brought forward a convincing argument that Gurn and Fantômas were one and the same, though the evidence was too circumstantial to make a real case. On the eve of his execution, Gurn/Fantômas escaped from custody by being replaced by an actor who had modelled the appearance of his latest character after him and was executed in his place.

Lady Beltham remained constantly torn between her passion for the villain and her horror at his criminal schemes. She eventually committed suicide in 1910.

Fandor fell in love with Hélène and, despite Fantômas's repeated attempts to break them up, married her.

Fantômas's evil son, Vladimir, reappeared in 1911. Vladimir's girlfriend was murdered by Fantômas and Vladimir himself was eventually shot by Juve.

Characters

 * Fantômas: A criminal genius, known by many nicknames, such as the "master of everything and everyone", the "torturer" or the "elusive", and whose face and true identity remain unknown. A ruthless criminal who'll torture and kill to achieve his goals.
 * Juve: An inspector in the Sûreté of Paris and the sworn archenemy of Fantômas, whom he pursues obsessively. The intelligent and stubborn Juve is completely devoted to capturing or killing Fantômas.
 * Jérôme Fandor: A former victim of Fantômas, he was originally named Charles Rambert until Fantômas killed his parents and framed him for the crime. Juve, the only one to understand his unjust accusation, provides him with the identity of journalist Fandor so as to save him from going to jail and to use his help in capturing the murderer. He falls in love with Hélène.
 * Hélène: The beautiful daughter or stepdaughter of Fantômas, whom he protects jealously. She falls in love with J. Fandor, and is engaged to marry him, eventually helping her fiancé to fight the criminal.
 * Lady Maud Beltham: The wife of Lord Beltham and the lover of Fantômas, towards whom she feels both passionate love and repulsion for his many heinous crimes.
 * Bouzille: A streetwise tramp who often helps Juve and Fandor, and even Fantômas on occasion, and provides comic relief in the series.
 * The Beadle: A thug and companion of Fantômas who earns his nickname after his custom of taking the money of passersby by smashing their heads against the pavement, he is the most notorious of Fantômas' gang of Apaches.
 * Mother Toulouche: An old woman who is a sort of leader among Fantômas' Apaches. She is portrayed as an equally ruthless killer and thug.

By Allain and Souvestre

 * 1. Fantômas (1911; transl. 1915; retransl. 1986)
 * 2. Juve contre Fantômas (1911; transl. 1916 as The Exploits of Juve; retransl. 1987 as The Silent Executioner)
 * 3. Le Mort qui Tue (1911; transl. 1917 as Messengers of Evil; retransl. 2008 as The Corpse who Kills)
 * 4. L'Agent Secret (1911; transl. 1917 as A Nest of Spies)
 * 5. Un Roi Prisonnier de Fantômas (1911; transl. 1918 as A Royal Prisoner)
 * 6. Le Policier Apache (1911; transl. 1924 by Alfred Allinson as The Long Arm of Fantômas [UK title: The Limb of Satan])
 * 7. Le Pendu de Londres (1911; transl. 1920 as  Slippery as Sin)
 * 8. La Fille de Fantômas (1911; transl. 2006 by Mark P. Steele as The Daughter of Fantomas) (ISBN 1932983562)
 * 9. Le Fiacre de Nuit (1911)
 * 10. La Main Coupée
 * 11. L'Arrestation de Fantômas (1912)
 * 12. Le Magistrat Cambrioleur (1912)
 * 13. La Livrée du Crime (1912)
 * 14. La Mort de Juve (1912)
 * 15. L'Evadée de Saint-Lazare (1912)
 * 16. La Disparition de Fandor (1912)
 * 17. Le Mariage de Fantômas (1912)
 * 18. L'Assassin de Lady Beltham (1912)
 * 19. La Guêpe Rouge (1912)
 * 20. Les Souliers du Mort (1912)
 * 21. Le Train Perdu (1912)
 * 22. Les Amours d'un Prince (1912)
 * 23. Le Bouquet Tragique (1912)
 * 24. Le Jockey Masqué (1913)
 * 25. Le Cercueil Vide (1913)
 * 26. Le Faiseur de Reines (1913)
 * 27. Le Cadavre Géant (1913)
 * 28. Le Voleur d'Or (1913)
 * 29. La Série Rouge (1913)
 * 30. L'Hôtel du Crime (1913)
 * 31. La Cravate de Chanvre (1913, transl. 2017 by Sheryl Curtis as The Death of Fantomas)
 * 32. La Fin de Fantômas (1913, transl. 2017 by Sheryl Curtis as The Death of Fantomas)

By Allain

 * 33. Fantômas est-il ressuscité? (1925; transl. 1925 by Alfred Allinson as The Lord of Terror)
 * 34. Fantômas, Roi des Recéleurs (1926; transl. 1926 by Alfred Allinson as Juve in the Dock)
 * 35. Fantômas en Danger (1926; transl. 1926 by Alfred Allinson as Fantômas Captured)
 * 36. Fantômas prend sa Revanche (1926; transl. 1927 by [Alfred Allinson as The Revenge of Fantômas)
 * 37. Fantômas Attaque Fandor (1926; transl. 1928 by Alfred Allinson as Bulldog and Rats)
 * 38. Si c'était Fantômas? (1933)
 * 39. Oui, c'est Fantômas! (1934)
 * 40. Fantômas Joue et Gagne (1935)
 * 41. Fantômas Rencontre l'Amour (1946)
 * 42. Fantômas Vole des Blondes (1948)
 * 43. Fantômas Mène le Bal (1963)

Silent film serials

 * 1. Fantômas (1913)
 * 2. Juve Contre Fantômas (1913)
 * 3. Le Mort Qui Tue (1913)
 * 4. Fantômas Contre Fantômas (1914)
 * 5. Le Faux Magistrat (1914)

The silent film pioneer Louis Feuillade directed five Fantômas serials starring René Navarre as Fantômas, Bréon as Juve, Georges Melchior as Fandor, and Renée Carl as Lady Beltham. They are regarded as masterpieces of silent film. His later serial Les Vampires, which concerns the eponymous crime syndicate (and not actual vampires) is also reminiscent of the Fantômas series.

There was a 1920 20-episode American Fantômas serial directed by Edward Sedgwick and starring Edward Roseman as Fantômas, which bore little resemblance to the French series. In it, Fantômas's nemesis is detective Fred Dixon, played by John Willard. It was partially released in France (12 episodes only) under the title Les Exploits de Diabolos (The Exploits of Diabolos). A novelization of this serial was written by David Lee White for Black Coat Press under the title Fantômas in America in 2007.

Other films

 * 6. Fantômas (1932), directed by Paul Féjos, with Jean Galland as Fantômas.
 * 7. Monsieur Fantômas (1937), directed by Ernst Moerman is a surrealist silent comedy short subject.
 * 8. Fantômas (1946), directed by Jean Sacha, with Marcel Herrand as Fantomas.
 * 9. Fantomas Against Fantomas (1949), directed by Robert Vernay, with Maurice Teynac as Fantomas.
 * 10. Fantômas (1964), the first of three films directed by André Hunebelle; with Jean Marais as both Fantômas and Fandor, Louis de Funès as Juve, and Mylène Demongeot as Fandor's bride, the photographer Hélène. Their tone was generally much more light-hearted than the novels' and the characters were updated in a James Bond-like style including Bond-type gadgets like the flying Citroën DS of Fantômas with retractable wings that converts to an airplane.
 * 11. Fantômas se déchaîne (1965)
 * 12. Fantômas contre Scotland Yard (1967)
 * 13. Macario Against Zagomar was a 1944 Italian film that used "Zagomar" when they were unable to obtain the rights of Fantomas.

Television
A Fantômas series of four 90-minute episodes was produced in 1980 starring Helmut Berger as Fantômas, Jacques Dufilho as Juve, and Gayle Hunnicutt as Lady Beltham. Episodes 1 and 4 were directed by Claude Chabrol; episodes 2 and 3 by Luis Buñuel's son, Juan Luis Buñuel.

The French movie version of Fantômas appears in the Czechoslovakian 1979-1981 children fantasy series Arabela as well as its sequel series Arabela se vrací, performed respectively by actors František Peterka and Pavel Nový. In this version, he does not perform a villain's role, but becomes an ally and friend of the protagonists. Fantômas also has a cameo appearance in the Czech children's series Lucie, postrach ulice as a TV character, where he resembles his original 1911 book serial covers' depiction.

Unproduced and upcoming screen adaptations
In May 2010, Christophe Gans was revealed to be co-writing and directing a new film version of Fantômas, with Vincent Cassel and Jean Reno attached to star. Cassel later dropped out, and the film ultimately went unmade.

In August 2022, Wassim Béji and production company SND acquired the adaptation rights to Fantômas, and are planning both a new film and a series, which is said to return to the character's darker roots.

French

 * "Fantômas contre les Nains", a weekly color page written by Marcel Allain and drawn by Santini was published in Gavroche #24-30 (1941). This series was interrupted because of censorship; a sequel, Fantômas et l'Enfer Sous-Marin was written but not published.
 * A daily "Fantômas" strip drawn by Pierre Tabary was syndicated by Opera Mundi from November 1957 to March 1958 (192 strips in total), adapting the first two novels.
 * Seventeen Fantômas fumetti magazines adapting books 1, 2, 3, and 5 were published by Del Duca in 1962 and 1963.
 * A new weekly "Fantômas" color page, written by Agnès Guilloteau and drawn by Jacques Taillefer, was again syndicated by Opera Mundi in 1969 and published in Jours de France.
 * Finally, a series of Fantômas graphic novels written by L. Dellisse and drawn by Claude Laverdure were published by Belgian publisher Claude Lefrancq: L'Affaire Beltham (1990), Juve contre Fantômas (1991), and Le Mort qui Tue (1995).

Mexican
During the 1960s the Mexican comics publisher Editorial Novaro produced a Fantomas, La Amenaza Elegante ("Fantomas, the Elegant Menace") comic book series that became popular throughout Latin America. This was apparently meant to be the same character, although rewritten as a hero, perhaps as a way to make the original French character more attuned to Latin American audiences who crave justice avengers in fiction and national politics. It is not known if this was done with or without legal permission.

This Fantômas was a thief who committed spectacular robberies just for the thrill of it, and wore a white skintight mask all the time or a variety of disguises so his true face was never shown to his nemeses. The character was also pursued by the authorities, in his case mainly by a French police inspector named Gerard. His mask in the Latin American version – which was clearly inspired by the black mask worn by the Italian comic book criminal Diabolik — and his use of it, seems to have been influenced by the popular images generated by Mexican wrestling.

Apparently the series was also influenced by the James Bond films, as Fantômas, equipped with advanced technology created by a scientist called Professor Semo, had all kind of adventures around the world, and even fought other, more cruel criminals. The Latin American Fantômas, created in Mexico, encompassed the aesthetic of both the British James Bond and American Hugh Hefner, who created Playboy magazine, with a necessary dose of traditional Latin American machismo. This mixture immediately gained traction with vast Latino audiences, mostly prepubescent and adolescents males.

Latino Fantômas was also a millionaire, owning several corporations under assumed identities, had secret headquarters outside Paris, and was assisted by several secret agents, including the 12 "Zodiac Girls", beautiful women who assisted him personally and dressed provocatively, known only by their codenames – the signs of the zodiac. The attractive female element was another concession to Latin American audiences familiar with beautiful women as part of male-dominated environments playing key roles without hiding their femininity, and preceding Charlie's Angels by decades.

Although cancelled years ago (Novaro folded in 1985, and a character revival by rival Grupo Editorial Vid in Mexico in the 1990s did not last long), it is from this Mexican comic that the character is best known in both Central America and South America. Fantômas continues to be one of Latin America's favorite comic characters.

American
A Fantômas short story by Paul Kupperberg and Roy Mann appeared in Captain Action Comics No. 1, published in 2009 by Moonstone Books.

Polish
The 1979 Polish edition of the novella Fantomas contra los vampiros multinacionales by Julio Cortázar, published as Fantomas przeciw wielonarodowym wampirom (Fantomas Against the Multinational Vampires) featured a series of illustrations by painter Jerzy Skarżyński, which formed a mini-comic book about Fantômas, largely independent from the plot of the novella. Fantômas's depiction in the comic was based on the appearance of Jean Marais in the 1964 film.

New fiction
"Yes Virginia, There is a Fantomas" by William Patrick Maynard was published in Tales of the Shadowmen Volume 6, published in 2009 by Black Coat Press. Fantomas has appeared in several stories in the series.

The first third of the novella, "Reign of Terror" by R. Allen Leider was published in Awesome Tales No. 3, published in 2016 by Bold Venture Press. The second third of the novella was published in Awesome Tales No. 9, with the final third coming.

Cultural influence
The Fantômas novels and the subsequent films were highly regarded by the French avant-garde of the day, particularly by the surrealists. Blaise Cendrars called the series "the modern Aeneid"; Guillaume Apollinaire said that "from the imaginative standpoint Fantômas is one of the richest works that exist". The painter René Magritte, the surrealist poet and novelist Robert Desnos and the cubist painter Juan Gris produced works alluding to Fantômas.

The films were also popular in the Soviet Union. After their success Fantômas had a short appearance in two popular Soviet comedies: Seven Old Men and One Girl (1968) and Grandads-Robbers (1972). In 2007, Russian author Andrey Shary published the book Sign F: Fantomas in Books and on the Screen, dealing in particular with this phenomenon.

In October 2021, Kanye West was seen wearing a Fantômas-style mask while at the Berlin Brandenburg Airport.

Pastiches, homages, and related characters

 * Fantômas may well have been influenced by its less well remembered predecessor, Zigomar, the creation of Léon Sazie, which first appeared as a serial in Le Matin in 1909, then as a pulp magazine (28 issues) in 1913, and again in Zigomar contre Zigomar for eight more issues in 1924.
 * In France alone, Fantômas spawned numerous imitators. Among those are Arnould Galopin's Tenebras, Gaston René's Masque Rouge, Arthur Bernède's Belphégor, R. Collard's Demonax and Marcel Allain's own Tigris, Fatala, Miss Teria and Ferocias.
 * The 1915 adventure film Filibus was probably inspired largely by the popularity of Fantômas, although the film's title character, a female air pirate, strongly resembles Arsène Lupin.
 * After the success of the first Fantômas film serial directed by Louis Feuillade, Gaumont produced another serial directed by Feuillade in the same style, Les Vampires, about a gang of criminals. As Feuillade had been criticized for glorifying outlaws, his next serial for Gaumont, Judex, starred this time a positive hero, a mysterious avenger conceived as an honest version of Fantômas. Judex was himself featured in various adaptations, sequels and remakes. The original Judex serial was released in the United States and appears to have been an inspiration for the American pulp character The Shadow, who was himself an inspiration for Batman.
 * Fantômas has appeared in an unauthorized fashion in two French stage plays: Nick Carter vs. Fantômas (1910) by Alexandre Bisson and Guillaume Livet (translated, ISBN 978-1-934543-05-4) and Sherlock Holmes vs. Fantômas (La Mort d' Herlock Sholmes, ou Bandits en Habits Noirs, 1914) by Pierre de Wattyne and Yorril Walter (translated, ISBN 978-1-934543-67-2).
 * A number of Italian dark villains of the 1960s were clearly influenced by Fantômas. Among the most famous are Diabolik, Kriminal, Killing, and Satanik.
 * The British film critic and writer Kim Newman has argued that Fantômas inspired the Pink Panther film series starring Peter Sellers. In the initial 1963 Pink Panther film, Fantômas was transformed into Sir Charles Lytton (the Phantom), and Inspector Juve became Inspector Clouseau. The Phantom's aversion to killing places him closer to Arsène Lupin.
 * One of the antagonists on Lupin III Part 2 is Fantomas the Third, who is depicted as a terrorist with a gremlin-like appearance inspired by Jean Marais' version, who threatens to flood the world unless Lupin hands over a precious ruby in his possession.
 * Fantômas also has many plot points in common with the 1969 Hong Kong film Temptress of a Thousand Faces.
 * Paperinik (Duck Avenger) alter-ego of Donald Duck created by Guido Martina and Giovan Battista Carpi in 1969, is partly based on Fantômas. His predecessor, Fantomius (Fantomallard) was obviously also named after Fantômas. In France, the character is known as Fantomiald; in Germany as Phantomias; in Greek as Phantom Duck and in Spain as Patomas.
 * Fantômas inspired Julio Cortázar's 1975 novella Fantomas Contra Los Vampiros Multinacionales.
 * A character in the Doctor Who novel The Man in the Velvet Mask (1996) is named Fantômas.
 * Fantomas was the inspiration for the character Mr. Ixnay, who appears in The Chuckling Whatsit, a 1997 graphic novel by writer/artist Richard Sala, creator of Invisible Hands, an animated homage to old-fashioned mystery thrillers which aired on MTV.
 * In 1999, Faith No More singer Mike Patton named his metal group Fantômas after the fictional character.
 * There is a Marvel Comics character named Fantomex, first appearing in August 2002. He was created by Grant Morrison and Igor Kordey for the title New X-Men.
 * In one of the back-story sections of the graphic novel The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, Volume II, Fantômas is described as being a member of "Les Hommes Mystérieux", the French counterpart of the League, alongside Arsène Lupin, the sky-pirate Robur, and the Nyctalope. In the follow-up, The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen: Black Dossier, the League's encounter with Les Hommes is halted once Fantômas detonates a bomb which destroys the Opera Garnier, after saying in unaccented English, "I win".
 * The character of Spectrobert in Gahan Wilson's book Everybody's Favorite Duck is a direct parody of Fantômas.
 * Fantômas is a partial inspiration for the character of Phantom Limb on the Adult Swim cartoon The Venture Bros. His last name, in fact, is Fantômas. A picture similar in appearance to the masked villain can be seen hanging on the wall of his office at State University in "The Invisible Hand of Fate". It is revealed that Phantom Limb is actually the grandson of the famous criminal. Fantômas himself briefly appears in the series during a flashback in the season 3 episode "ORB" as one of the original members of the Guild of Calamitous Intent.
 * Fantômas has a German cousin in the person of the (supposedly British) Lord Lister.
 * In the story "Fantômville" by Nick Campbell, in the book Wildthyme in Purple, Fantomas meets the time traveller Iris Wildthyme.
 * In the film adaptation of Alan Moore and Kevin O'Neill's The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, the Fantom (a character resembling the title character from The Phantom of the Opera) owes more than a little to Fantômas, although he is ultimately revealed to be M, who in turn is revealed to be Professor Moriarty.
 * In the Egyptian film, Romantic Chase, produced in 1968, Fantômas is played by Egyptian actor Hasan Mustafa. The role of Fantômas is a butler that wants to steal all the money of his employer. The film itself is an adaptation of What's New Pussycat? which was produced in 1965.
 * In the Czech Fantasy TV series Arabela and the sequel Arabela Returns (Arabela se vrací), the French movie version of Fantomas is one of the residents in the World of Fairy Tales.

title: Fantômas