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2003 in politics

These are some of the notable events relating to politics in 2003.

January 1

 * January 1: Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva takes office as president of Brazil. His cabinet includes Celso Amorim as foreign minister;  Antônio Waldez Góes da Silva becomes Governor of Amapá, Carlos Eduardo de Sousa Braga becomes governor of Amazonas, Paulo César Hartung Gomes becomes governor of Espírito Santo, Blairo Borges Maggi becomes governor of Mato Grosso, Simão Robison Oliveira Jatene becomes governor of Pará, Cássio Rodrigues da Cunha Lima becomes governor of Paraíba, Roberto Requião de Mello e Silva becomes governor of Paraná, José Wellington Barroso de Araújo Dias becomes governor of Piauí, Wilma Maria de Faria becomes governor of Rio Grande do Norte, Germano Antônio Rigotto becomes governor of Rio Grande do Sul, Ivo Narciso Cassol becomes governor of Rondônia, and Marcelo de Carvalho Miranda becomes governor of Tocantins.
 * January 1: Pavel Chernov takes office as prime minister of Karelia.
 * January 1: Pascal Couchepin takes office as President of the Confederation and Interior Minister of Switzerland; Ruth Metzler-Arnold becomes vice president; Claude Lässer becomes president of the Council of State of Fribourg, Stefan Engler president of the government of Graubünden, Gérald Schaller president of the government of Canton of Jura, Margrit Fischer-Willimann Schultheiss of Luzern, Christian Wanner Landammann of Solothurn, and Jean-Claude Mermoud president of the Council of State of Vaud, and Walter Suter Landammann of Zug.
 * January 1: Kenneth W. Dam becomes acting treasury secretary of the United States; Bill Richardson takes office as Governor of New Mexico and Jennifer Granholm as Governor of Michigan.

January 2-January 7

 * January 2: Mitt Romney is inaugurated as Governor of Massachusetts.
 * January 3: Kalonzo Musyoka becomes foreign minister of Kenya.
 * January 4: Democrat Ed Case is elected in a Hawaii special Congressional election, replacing Patsy Mink, who had been elected to Congress posthumously in November 2002.
 * January 5: Rolandas Paksas wins presidential elections in Lithuania. He takes office on February 26.
 * January 6: Ong Keng Yong of Singapore takes office as secretary-general of ASEAN
 * January 6: Felix Camacho takes office as governor of Guam.
 * January 6: Harmodio Arias Cerjack becomes foreign minister of Panama.
 * January 6: Dave Freudenthal takes office as Governor of Wyoming, Janet Napolitano as Governor of Arizona, Jim Doyle as Governor of Wisconsin and Tim Pawlenty as Governor of Minnesota.
 * January 7: Donald Carcieri takes office as Governor of Rhode Island and Mike Rounds as Governor of South Dakota.

January 8-January 14

 * January 8: Sudarshan Agarwal is sworn in as governor of Uttaranchal, now known as Uttarakhand.
 * January 8: Jim Douglas takes office as Governor of Vermont and John Baldacci as Governor of Maine.
 * January 8: A new government is approved in Montenegro; Milo Djukanovic becomes prime minister, Dragisa Burzan becomes foreign minister.
 * January 9: Craig Benson takes office as Governor of New Hampshire.
 * January 10: In elections in Djibouti, the Union for a Presidential Majority wins 62.2% of the vote against 36.9% for the Union for a Democratic Alternative.
 * January 10: Luis Ernesto Derbez becomes foreign minister of Mexico; Fernando Elizondo Barragán is sworn in as interim governor of Nuevo León.
 * January 13: Brad Henry takes office as Governor of Oklahoma, Kathleen Sebelius as Governor of Kansas, Rod Blagojevich as Governor of Illinois, Sonny Perdue as Governor of Georgia, Ted Kulongoski as Governor of Oregon.

January 15-January 31

 * January 15: Lucio Gutiérrez takes office as president of Ecuador; Nina Pacari Vega becomes foreign minister.
 * January 15: The Chief Minister of Maharashtra resigns, he is later replaced by Sushil Kumar Shinde.
 * January 15: Mark Sanford takes office as Governor of South Carolina and Robert L. Ehrlich as Governor of Maryland.
 * January 17: Hans Enoksen of the Siumut party forms a new Greenland government with the Atassut party.
 * January 18: Phil Bredesen takes office as Governor of Tennessee.
 * January 19: Meng Xuenong is elected mayor of Beijing.
 * January 19: In Cuban parliamentary elections all candidates are elected unopposed.
 * January 20: Bob Riley takes office as Governor of Alabama.
 * January 21: Ed Rendell takes office as Governor of Pennsylvania.
 * January 24: Gennady Mikichura becomes prime minister of Adygeya.

February

 * February 1: Christoph Eymann becomes president of the government of Basel-Stadt.
 * February 3: John Snow is made U.S. treasury secretary.
 * February 4: Yugoslavia is renamed to Serbia and Montenegro converting the federal republic to a looser union.
 * February 5: The head of the pro-Moscow administration of Chechnya, announces the dismissal of their Prime Minister, who is later replaced by Anatoly Popov.
 * February 6: Yegor Borisov becomes prime minister of Sakha.
 * February 9: Presidential elections in Montenegro fail again when the turnout is below 50%.
 * February 14: New high commissioner Sandra Lee-Vercoe arrives at Niue.
 * February 16: Tassos Papadopoulos wins presidential elections in Cyprus.
 * February 17: Oleg Budargin takes office as governor of Taymyr.
 * February 25: Roh Moo Hyun takes office as president of South Korea; Parliament later approves Goh Kun as prime minister, who would later appoint Yoon Young Kwan as foreign minister.
 * February 28: Silvan Shalom is approved as Foreign Minister of Israel.

March–June

 * March 12 PM of Serbia Zoran Đinđić assassinated.
 * March 15 coup in Central African Republic.
 * March 15: Hu Jintao takes office as President of the People's Republic of China
 * March 16: Wen Jiabao takes office as Premier of the People's Republic of China.
 * March 16: Elections for the parliament are held in Finland. See Politics of Finland.
 * March 26: American Samoa Governor Tauese Sunia dies. He is succeeded by Lieutenant Governor Togiola Tulafono.
 * April 9: Government of Saddam Hussein overthrown by American forces in Iraq.
 * May 1: Elections are held in Scotland and Wales for the Scottish Parliament and National Assembly for Wales. In Wales, Labour gains seats while Plaid Cymru loses seats. In Scotland, Labour and Scottish Nationalists lose seats, while the Greens and Socialists gain seats.
 * May 25: Néstor Kirchner becomes president of Argentina.
 * June 3: Republican Randy Neugebauer defeats fellow Republican Mike Conaway in a Texas Congressional special runoff election to succeed Larry Combest, who resigned in November 2002. Both men had advanced to the runoff in a May 2003 primary.

July–September

 * July 16: Coup in São Tomé and Príncipe, reversed on July 23.
 * August 11: Moses Blah replaces Charles Taylor as president of Liberia.
 * September 9: Indiana lieutenant governor Joe Kernan becomes acting governor when governor Frank O'Bannon suffers a stroke, and is sworn in as governor when O'Bannon dies a few days later. Both are Democrats.
 * September 14: Sweden rejects adopting the Euro in a referendum. (Results.)
 * September 14: Estonia approves joining the European Union in a referendum.
 * September 14: Coup in Guinea-Bissau.
 * September 18: Liberal Democrat Sarah Teather is elected in a London By-election to succeed Paul Daisley, who died in June 2003.

October 1-October 7

 * October 2: Canadian province of Ontario conducts a general election to elect members to the Ontario government. The election, which was called by Ontario Progressive Conservative Party Premier Ernie Eves, is majority won by the Dalton McGuinty-led Ontario Liberal Party.
 * October 3: Richard Butler is sworn in as Governor of Tasmania.
 * October 3: Laila Freivalds is appointed foreign minister of Sweden.
 * October 4: Democrat Kathleen Babineaux Blanco and Republican Bobby Jindal advance to a runoff to decide who becomes Louisiana Governor.
 * October 5: Chairman of the Palestinian Authority Yasir Arafat installs Ahmed Qureia as prime minister of an emergency cabinet.
 * October 5: Valentina Matviyenko is elected governor of Saint Petersburg over Anna Markova.
 * October 7: Teresa Patrício Gouveia becomes Foreign Minister of Portugal replacing António Martins da Cruz.
 * October 7: Giovanni Lajolo is appointed foreign minister of the Vatican.
 * October 7: In California, Democratic Governor Gray Davis is recalled. Republican Arnold Schwarzenegger is elected to replace Davis.

October 8-October 31

 * October 14: Gyude Bryant takes office as chairman of the National Transitional Government of Liberia.
 * October 17: Carlos Mesa is sworn in as president of Bolivia after the resignation of Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada.
 * October 29: José Alperovich takes office as governor of Tucumán.
 * October 31: Mahathir Mohamad, resigns as the fourth Prime Minister of Malaysia, and Abdullah Ahmad Badawi takes office as the fifth prime minister of the country.

November 1-November 7

 * November 1: Jalal Talabani takes up the rotating presidency of the Governing Council of Iraq.
 * November 1: Ilya Klebanov is appointed plenipotentiary of the president of Russia in Northwestern Federal District.
 * November 4: Republican Haley Barbour defeats Democrat incumbent Ronnie Musgrove to become Governor of Mississippi. Republican Ernie Fletcher defeats Democrat Ben Chandler to become Governor of Kentucky. In San Francisco, mayoral candidates Gavin Newsom and Matt Gonzalez advance to a runoff.
 * November 5: Canadian province of Saskatchewan holds a general election which is won by the ruling Saskatchewan New Democrats.
 * November 5: Olene S. Walker is sworn in as governor of Utah after the resignation of Mike Leavitt.
 * November 6: Danny Williams is sworn in as premier of Newfoundland and Labrador.
 * November 6: Sabas Pretelt de la Vega is named Interior Minister of Colombia after the resignation of Fernando Londoño Hoyos.
 * November 6: Michael Howard replaces Iain Duncan Smith as leader of the Conservative Party in the U.K.
 * November 7: Mohamed Vall Ould Bellal becomes foreign minister of Mauritania.

November 8-November 30

 * November 15: Democrat Kathleen Babineaux Blanco defeats Republican Bobby Jindal in a runoff election to become Governor of Louisiana.
 * November 17: Arnold Schwarzenegger is sworn in as governor of California.
 * November 18: Ted Egan is sworn in as administrator of Northern Territory.
 * November 23: Nino Burdzhanadze is declared President of Georgia after opposition forces stormed parliament, the new government includes Zurab Zhvania as minister of state and Tedo Japaridze as foreign minister.
 * November 28: The Democratic Unionist Party and Sinn Féin displace the Ulster Unionist Party and the Social Democratic and Labour Party as the largest Unionist and Nationalist parties after elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly.

December

 * December 1: Abdul Aziz al-Hakim takes up the rotating presidency of the Governing Council of Iraq.
 * December 3: Bernard Bot takes office as foreign minister of the Netherlands.
 * December 3: Robert Cramer becomes president of the Council of State of Genève.
 * December 8: South Dakota Congressman Bill Janklow is convicted of manslaughter.
 * December 9: Former Vice President Al Gore endorses Democratic Presidential candidate Howard Dean for President.
 * December 9: Ernie Fletcher is sworn-in as Governor of Kentucky and resigns his seat in Congress.
 * December 9: Ivo Sanader designated new Prime Minister of Croatia.
 * December 10: Gavin Newsom defeats Matt Gonzalez in a runoff election to become San Francisco mayor.
 * December 10: Christoph Blocher and Hans-Rudolf Merz are elected to the Swiss Federal Council, Ruth Metzler-Arnold is not re-elected.
 * December 12: Célestin Gaombalet new Prime Minister of Central African Republic
 * December 12: Paul Martin, Jr. new Prime Minister of Canada.

January–February

 * January 5: Roy Jenkins, former president of the European Commission (1977–1981)
 * January 6: Sir Gerald Cash, former Governor-General of the Bahamas (1979–1988)
 * January 10: C. Douglas Dillon, former treasury secretary of the United States (1961–1965)
 * January 12: Leopoldo Galtieri, former president of Argentina (1981–1982)
 * January 27: Henryk Jabłoński, former chairman of the Council of State of Poland (1972–1985)
 * February 1: Richard Lyng, former U.S. secretary of agriculture (1986–1989)
 * February 13: Walt W. Rostow, former U.S. national security advisor (1966–1968)
 * February 15: Francisque Ravony, former Prime Minister of Madagascar (1993–1995)
 * February 20: Orville L. Freeman, former U.S. secretary of agriculture (1961–1969)

March–August

 * March 1: Fidel Sánchez Hernández, former president of El Salvador (1967–1972)
 * March 10: Bernard Dowiyogo president of Nauru.
 * March 12: Zoran Đinđić prime minister of Serbia
 * March 30: Valentin Pavlov, former prime minister of the Soviet Union (1991)
 * April 30: Aureliano Chaves, former Brazilian vice president (1979–1985)
 * May 15: Constantin Dăscălescu, former prime minister of Romania (1982–1989)
 * June 1?: Johnny Paul Koroma, President of Sierra Leone 1997-1998.
 * June 10: Donald Regan, former U.S. treasury secretary (1981–1985) and White House chief of staff (1985–1987)
 * June 25: Lester Maddox segregationist governor of Georgia from 1967 to 1971.
 * June 26: Strom Thurmond, longtime U.S. senator
 * August 16: Idi Amin, former president of Uganda (1971–1979)
 * August 19: Carlos Roberto Reina, former president of Honduras (1994–1998)
 * August 20: Igor Farkhutdinov, Russian politician, governor of Sakhalin (killed in plane crash).
 * August 23: Michael Kijana Wamalwa, sitting vice-president of Kenya

September–December

 * September 11: Anna Lindh, foreign minister of Sweden (assassinated).
 * October 14: Moktar Ould Daddah, former president of Mauritania.
 * October 23: Soong Mei-ling, former first lady of the Republic of China.
 * November 20: David Dacko, former president of Central African Republic.
 * December 6: Carlos Manuel Arana Osorio, former president of Guatemala.
 * December 12: Heydar Aliyev, former president of Azerbaijan.
 * December 14: Blas Ople, Foreign Secretary of the Philippines.

title: 2003 in politics


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Davie Allan

Davie Allan is an American guitarist best known for his work on soundtracks to various teen and biker movies in the 1960s. Allan's backing band is almost always the Arrows (i.e., Davie Allan & the Arrows), although the Arrows have never had a stable lineup.

Biography
Allan grew up in the San Fernando Valley in Southern California, and learned to play guitar as a teenager. His career as a musician began when he teamed up with Mike Curb, a friend he met in the choir at Grant High School in Valley Glen, California, to form an instrumental surf combo. In 1963, Curb founded Curb Records, the first of many labels he would run, and released the first Davie Allan single, “War Path”. Allan participated in recording a number of other singles for Curb's label, under group names like the Sudells, the Heyburners, and the Zanies.

In 1964, Curb founded Sidewalk Records (which was distributed by Capitol subsidiary Tower Records), brought Allan with him as a session musician, and secured a recording contract for the newly formed Arrows. Curb had also made a deal to supply Roger Corman's American International Pictures with soundtracks. Allan had come to Corman's attention from his playing on the soundtrack of Skaterdater.

Davie Allan and The Arrows
Early Davie Allan and The Arrows tracks were stereotypical instrumental surf numbers, with clear-as-a-bell guitar sounds and light, crisp drum work. Though these sides were good musically, and modestly successful commercially (“Apache '65” became a local radio hit), Allan would find his greatest success when his sound mutated soon thereafter.

When Curb assigned soundtrack duties for biker film The Wild Angels to Allan and the Arrows, it would prove a breakthrough success. The song from the film's opening, "Blue's Theme", an aggressive, repetitive and very catchy instrumental showcasing Allan's new fuzz (heavily distorted) guitar sound became their biggest hit (it was also one of the first songs Eddie Van Halen learned to play on brother Alex's guitar). The song stayed on the Billboard charts for 17 weeks (it peaked at #37) (#36 in Canada). The single, backed with “Bongo Party”, and the soundtrack album both sold well. Rumors have stated that the melody in "Blues' Theme" was stolen from Louie Shelton's guitar lick in "Last Train to Clarksville", but "Last Train to Clarksville" was recorded on July 25, 1966, while The Wild Angels debuted in the theaters on July 20, 1966.

Davie Allan & the Arrows went on to record a number of other soundtracks for similar AIP films over the next few years, like Devil's Angels, Thunder Alley, and The Born Losers, as well as several studio albums. All contained quality material, but none would prove as successful as "Blue's Theme".

By the time Tower Records and Sidewalk Records were dissolved in 1968, Allan had his name on some 14 albums and a prolific string of singles. Allan cut a few singles for MGM Records in the early '70s, continuing his association with Curb, but after that his career faltered.

Career revival
Beginning with the Loud, Loose and Savage album in 1994, a compilation of tracks recorded over the previous 10 years, Allan (with all-new Arrows in tow) began a bid to revive his career. The album was well received by critics, and since then he has released several more albums, including a collaboration with the Phantom Surfers, Ramonetures, an album of instrumental versions of Ramones songs, done Ventures-style. A follow-up album by the Ramonetures features Ventures-infused instrumental covers of songs by X. Featuring the playing of DJ Bonebrake and Billy Zoom of X, the album's title Johnny Walk Don't Run Paulene is a portmanteau of well known songs by X ("Johnny hit & run Paulene") and the Ventures ("Walk don't run").

The band Danzig recorded a cover of "Devil's Angels", which is the lead track on the covers album Skeletons. Singer Glenn Danzig has said he had been wanting to cover the song since 1979, and so the version is in the style of his band of that era, the Misfits.

Musical legacy
Allan's most notable contribution is from popularizing the fuzz guitar sound using the then recently invented fuzzbox which made its popular debut on "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction". While Link Wray was the pioneer of guitar distortion, Allan pushed it to a new level, distorting his signal so much as to give his guitar tone a buzzing, grinding quality: "fuzzy". Guitar sounds along similar lines would become a staple of 1970s rock and Allan's penchant for extreme, heavy, noisy guitar work displayed on tracks like "Devil's Rumble", "Cycle-Delic" and "King Fuzz" presaged 1980s acts like Sonic Youth.

FUZ
Davie Allan & the Arrows were covered by FUZ issue #1, a zine by Seth Wimpfheimer. It contains a history of Allan's career, as well as a discography..

Singles
All singles by Davie Allan & The Arrows except as noted

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Davie Allan


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Vineyard

A vineyard is a plantation of grape-bearing vines, grown mainly for winemaking, but also raisins, table grapes, and non-alcoholic grape juice. The science, practice and study of vineyard production is known as viticulture. Vineyards are often characterised by their terroir, a French term loosely translating as "a sense of place" that refers to the specific geographical and geological characteristics of grapevine plantations, which may be imparted to the wine itself.

History
The earliest evidence of wine production dates from between 6000 and 5000 BC. Wine making technology improved considerably with the ancient Greeks but it was not until the end of the Roman Empire that cultivation techniques as we know them were common throughout Europe.

In medieval Europe the Catholic Church was a staunch supporter of wine, which was necessary for the celebration of the Mass. During the lengthy instability of the Middle Ages, the monasteries maintained and developed viticultural practices, having the resources, security, stability and interest in improving the quality of their vines. They owned and tended the best vineyards in Europe, and vinum theologium was considered superior to all others.

European vineyards were planted with a wide variety of the Vitis vinifera grape. In the late 19th century, the entire species was nearly destroyed in an event known as the Great French Wine Blight, in which the grape pest phylloxera, an insect related to aphids, was accidentally introduced to Europe from North America. Native American grapevines include varieties such as Vitis labrusca, which are resistant to the insect. Vitis vinifera varieties were saved by being grafted onto the rootstock of Native American varieties, although there is still no remedy for phylloxera, which remains a danger to any vineyard not planted with grafted rootstock.

Modern practices

The quest for vineyard efficiency has produced a bewildering range of systems and techniques in recent years. Due to the often much more fertile New World growing conditions, attention has focussed heavily on managing the vine's more vigorous growth. Innovation in palissage (training of the vine, usually along a trellis, and often referred to as "canopy management") and pruning and thinning methods (which aim to optimize the Leaf Area/Fruit (LA/F) ratio relative to a vineyard's microclimate) have largely replaced more general, traditional concepts like "yield per unit area" in favor of "maximizing yield of desired quality". Many of these new techniques have since been adopted in place of traditional practice in the more progressive of the so-called "Old World" vineyards.

Other recent practices include spraying water on vines to protect them from sub-zero temperatures, new grafting techniques, soil slotting, and mechanical harvesting. Such techniques have made possible the development of wine industries in New World countries such as Canada. Today there is increasing interest in developing organic, ecologically sensitive and sustainable vineyards. Biodynamic wine has become increasingly popular in viticulture. The use of drip irrigation in recent years has expanded vineyards into areas which were previously unplantable.

For well over half a century, New York's Cornell University, the University of California, Davis, and California State University, Fresno, among others, have been conducting scientific experiments to improve viticulture and educate practitioners. The research includes developing improved grape varieties and investigating pest control. The International Grape Genome Program is a multi-national effort to discover a genetic means to improving quality, increasing yield and providing a "natural" resistance to pests.

The implementation of mechanical harvesting is often stimulated by changes in labor laws, labor shortages, and bureaucratic complications. It can be expensive to hire labor for short periods of time, which does not square well with the need to reduce production costs and harvest quickly, often at night. However, very small vineyards, incompatible widths between rows of grape vines and steep terrain hinder the employment of machine harvesting even more than the resistance of traditional views which reject such harvesting.

Current trends
Numbers of New World vineyard plantings have been increasing almost as fast as European vineyards are being uprooted. Between 1990 and 2003, the number of U.S. vineyards increased from 292000 to 954000 acre, while Australian vineyard numbers more than doubled from 146000 to 356000 acre and Chilean vineyards grew from 161500 to 415000 acre. The size of individual vineyards in the New World is significant. Europe's 1.6 million vineyards are an average of 0.2 km2 each, while the average Australian vineyard is 0.5 km2, providing considerable economies of scale. Exports to Europe from New World growers increased by 54% in the six years up to 2006.

There have also been significant changes in the kinds of grapes that are grown. For example, in Chile, large areas of low-quality grapes have been replaced with such grapes as Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon.

In Argentina, due to an economic down-turn, acreage of Malbec was significantly reduced in the 1980s, but in the 1990s, during the quality revolution incited by Malbec Pioneer Nicolás Catena Zapata, growers started planting more Malbec, most notably in higher altitudes where cooler temperatures and more intense sunlight yield more concentrated yet smoother and more complex malbecs. Grape changes are often in response to changing consumer demand but sometimes result from vine pull schemes designed to promote vineyard change. Alternatively, the development of "T" budding now permits the grafting of a different grape variety onto existing rootstock in the vineyard, making it possible to switch varieties within a two-year period.

Local legislation often dictates which varieties are selected, how they are grown, whether vineyards can be irrigated and exactly when grapes can be harvested, all of which in serves to reinforce tradition. Changes in the law can also change which grapes are planted. For example, during Prohibition in the U.S. (1920–1933), vineyards in California expanded sevenfold to meet the increasing demand for home brewing. However, they were largely planted in varieties with tough skins that could be transported across the country to home wine-makers and the resulting wine was of a low quality. According to the International Organisation of Vine and Wine, in April 2015, China (799,000 hectare) overtook France (792,000 hectare) in terms of land devoted to vineyards, in second place behind Spain (1,000,200 hectare), the world's largest producer.

Terroir
Terroir refers to the combination of natural factors associated with any particular vineyard. These factors include things such as soil, underlying rock, altitude, slope of hill or terrain, orientation toward the sun, and microclimate (typical rain, winds, humidity, temperature variations, etc.). No two vineyards have exactly the same terroir, although any difference in the resulting wine may be virtually undetectable.

Vineyards are often located on hillsides and planted in soil that is of only marginal value to other plants. A common saying is that "the worse the soil, the better the wine." Planting on hillsides, especially those facing north (in the southern hemisphere) or south (in the northern hemisphere), is most often in an attempt to maximize the amount of sunlight that falls on the vineyard. For this reason, some of the best wines come from vineyards planted on quite steep hills, conditions which would make most other agricultural products uneconomic. The stereotypical vineyard site for wine grapes (in the Northern hemisphere) is a hillside in a dry climate with a southern exposure, good drainage to reduce unnecessary water uptake, and balanced pruning to force the vine to put more of its energy into the fruit, rather than foliage.

The terroir philosophy is predominantly French in origin, the flavour and character of the place defining the individuality and the special attributes of wines and combined with hundreds of years of the finest wine making traditions, terroir gives wines their distinctive taste and signature. However, wildfires in California and Australia have also influenced the character of vineyard plantations and grapes in those areas.

Vignette
A vignette is a 500-square-metre vineyard which is part of a larger consolidated vineyard. Investors purchase a piece of land within a vineyard, and outsource the grape maintenance and production operations to an outside grape grower or wine producers. Because they are contracting under a co-operative structure, they benefit from economies of scale and hence cheaper labour and operational costs.

title: Vineyard


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Dick Dale

Richard Anthony Monsour (May 4, 1937 – March 16, 2019), known professionally as Dick Dale, was an American rock guitarist. He was a pioneer of surf music, drawing on Middle Eastern music scales and experimenting with reverb. Dale was known as "The King of the Surf Guitar", which was also the title of his second studio album.

Dale was one of the most influential guitarists of all time and especially of the early 1960s. Most of the leading bands in surf music, such as The Beach Boys, Jan and Dean and The Trashmen, were influenced by Dale's music, and often included recordings of Dale's songs in their albums. His style and music influenced guitarists such as Jimi Hendrix, Pete Townshend, Eddie Van Halen and Brian May.

He has been credited with popularizing tremolo picking on electric guitar, a technique that is now widely used in many musical genres (such as extreme metal, jazz fusion, etc.). His speedy single-note staccato picking technique was unrivaled until guitarists like Eddie Van Halen entered the music scene.

He is cited as one of the fathers of heavy metal for pushing the limits of amplification. Working together with Leo Fender, Dale also pushed the limits of electric amplification technology, helping to develop new equipment that was capable of producing thick and previously unheard volumes including the first-ever 100-watt guitar amplifier. Dale also pioneered the use of portable reverb effects.

The use of his recording of "Misirlou" by Quentin Tarantino in the film Pulp Fiction led to his return in the 1990s, marked by four albums and world tours. He was also nominated for a Grammy in the Best Rock Instrumental Performance category for the song "Pipeline" with Stevie Ray Vaughan. In "Rolling Stone's 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time", Dale was ranked 31st in 2003 and 74th in the 2011 revision.

Early life
Dick Dale was born Richard Anthony Monsour in Boston, Massachusetts, on May 4, 1937. He was of Lebanese descent from his father, James, and of Polish-Belarusian descent from his mother, Sophia "Fern" (née Danksewicz). His family subsequently moved to Quincy, Massachusetts, which at the time had a significant Lebanese population in the neighborhood of Quincy Point. He learned the piano when he was nine after listening to his aunt playing it. He was given a trumpet in seventh grade, and later acquired a ukulele (for $6 part exchange), after having become influenced by Hank Williams. The first song he played on the ukulele was "Tennessee Waltz". He was also influenced musically by his uncle, who taught him how to play the tarabaki and could play the oud.

Dale then bought a guitar from a friend for $8, paying him back in installments. He learned to play the instrument, using both lead and rhythm styles, so that the guitar filled the place of drums. His early tarabaki drumming later influenced his guitar playing, particularly his rapid alternate picking technique. Dale referred to this as "the pulsation", noting all instruments he played derived from the tarabaki. He was raised in Quincy until he completed the eleventh grade at Quincy High School in 1954, when his father, a machinist, took a job working for Hughes Aircraft Company in the Southern California aerospace industry. The family moved to El Segundo, California. Dale spent his senior year at and graduated from Washington Senior High School. He learned to surf at the age of 17. As a Lebanese-American, he retained a strong interest in Arabic music, which later played a major role in his development of surf music.

1960s
Dale began playing in local country western rockabilly bars where he met Texas Tiny in 1955, who gave him the name "Dick Dale" because he thought it was a good name for a country singer.

Dale employed non-Western scales in his playing. He regularly used reverb, which became a trademark of surf guitar. Being lefthanded, Dale would become known for his unorthodox method of playing a right-handed guitar upside-down, doing so (like Albert King) without restringing the guitar (while Hendrix, by comparison, would restring his guitar). Even after he acquired a proper left-handed guitar, Dale continued to use his reverse stringing. He often played by reaching over the fretboard, rather than wrapping his fingers up from underneath.

He partnered with Leo Fender to test new equipment. In interviews Dale noted that Fender had stated "When it can withstand the barrage of punishment from Dick Dale, then it is fit for the human consumption." His combination of loud amplifiers and heavy gauge strings led him to be called the "Father of Heavy Metal". After Dale blew up several Fender amplifiers, Leo Fender and Freddie Tavares saw Dale play at the Rendezvous Ballroom, Balboa, California, and identified the problem arose from him creating a sound louder than the audience screaming. The pair visited the James B. Lansing loudspeaker company and asked for a custom 15-inch loudspeaker, which became the JBL D130F model, and was known as the Single Showman Amp. Dale's combination of a Fender Stratocaster with a Fender Showman Amp allowed him to attain significantly louder volume levels unobtainable by then-conventional equipment. Furthering the development, the Showman Amp later added a second 15-inch JBL D-130 speaker, and it was named the Dual Showman Amp.

Dale's performances at the Rendezvous Ballroom in Balboa in mid to late 1961 are credited with the creation of the surf music phenomenon. Dale obtained permission to use the 3,000 person capacity ballroom for surfer dances after overcrowding at a local ice cream parlor where he performed made him seek other venues. The Rendezvous ownership and the city of Newport Beach agreed to Dale's request on the condition that he prohibit alcohol sales and implement a dress code. Dale's events at the ballrooms, called "stomps", quickly became legendary, and the events routinely sold out.

"Let's Go Trippin'" is one of the first surf rock songs. This was followed by more locally released songs, including "Jungle Fever" and "Surf Beat" on his own Deltone label. His first full-length album was Surfers' Choice in 1962. The album was picked up by Capitol Records and distributed nationally, and Dale soon began appearing on The Ed Sullivan Show, and in films where he played his signature single "Miserlou". He later stated, "I still remember the first night we played it ("Misirlou"). I changed the tempo, and just started cranking on that mother. And ... it was eerie. The people came rising up off the floor, and they were chanting and stomping. I guess that was the beginning of the surfer's stomp." His second album was named after his performing nickname, "King of the Surf Guitar".

Dale later said "There was a tremendous amount of power I felt while surfing and that feeling of power was simply transferred into my guitar". His playing style reflected the experience he had when surfing, and projecting the power of the ocean to people.

Dale and the Del-Tones performed both sides of his Capitol single, "Secret Surfin' Spot" in the 1963 movie Beach Party, starring Frankie Avalon and Annette Funicello. The group performed the songs "My First Love", "Runnin' Wild" and "Muscle Beach" in the 1964 film, Muscle Beach Party.

Later career
Surf rock's national popularity was somewhat brief, as the British Invasion began to overtake the American charts in 1964. Though he continued performing live, Dale developed colorectal cancer. In the liner notes of Better Shred Than Dead: The Dick Dale Anthology, Dale quoted Jimi Hendrix saying, "Then you'll never hear surf music again" in response to hearing he might be terminally ill. Dale covered "Third Stone from the Sun" as a tribute to Hendrix. Though he recovered, he retired from music for several years. In 1979, he almost lost a leg after a pollution-related infection of a mild swimming injury. As a result, Dale became an environmental activist and soon began performing again. He recorded a new album in 1986 and was nominated for a Grammy. In 1987, he appeared in the movie Back to the Beach, playing surf music and performing "Pipeline" with Stevie Ray Vaughan. In 1993, he recorded a guitar solo for the track "Should Have Known" released as a vinyl single by the Southern California indie band, The Pagodas.

The use of "Miserlou" in the 1994 Quentin Tarantino film Pulp Fiction gained him a new audience. The following year, John Peel praised his playing following a gig in the Garage, London. Peel later selected "Let's Go Trippin'" as the theme tune for his BBC Radio 4 series Home Truths. The same year, he recorded a surf-rock version of Camille Saint-Saëns's "Aquarium" from The Carnival of the Animals for the musical score of the enclosed roller coaster, Space Mountain at Disneyland in Anaheim, California.

Dale was inducted to the Hollywood Rock Walk of Fame in 1996. In 2000 the U.S. House of Representatives elected Dale into the Library of Congress Hall of Records for outstanding achievements in music. In March 2005, Q magazine placed Dale's version at number 89 in its list of the 100 Greatest Guitar Tracks.

In 2009, Dale was inducted into the Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum in Nashville, Tennessee. Dale is also a 2011 inductee into the Surfing Walk of Fame in Huntington Beach, California, in the Surf Culture category.

In June 2009, Dale began a West Coast tour from southern California to British Columbia, with approximately 20 concert dates. "Forever Came Calling" (or FCC) featured Dale's then-17-year-old son, Jimmie Dale on drums, who opened for him. He was scheduled to play the Australian One Great Night On Earth festival to raise funds to benefit those affected by the Black Saturday bushfires and other natural disasters.

Dale said that he was forced to keep touring to the end of his life, because of his inability to afford his medical costs. He had many health issues, including diabetes, kidney failure, and vertebrae damage that made performing excruciatingly painful. At the time of his death, Dale had tour dates scheduled into November 2019.

Personal life
Dale was married three times. His first wife Jeannie in the 1970s was a Tahitian dancer in Hawaii and provided backup vocals for the 1975 release "Spanish Eyes". Together, they created a musical revue and toured at resorts in Las Vegas, Reno and Lake Tahoe. From the proceeds, the couple made successful investments in nightclubs and real estate, allowing Dale to purchase his three-story 17 room dream mansion at "the Wedge" in Newport Beach. Jeannie toured with Dale and his Deltones through the early '80s up until their very public and bitter divorce in 1984, which depleted much of Dale's accumulated wealth.

He met his second wife Jill in 1986. Together they had a son, James (who later performed professionally as Jimmy Dale), born in 1992. Dale credits Jill for his transition from surf music to a more raw and stripped-down style that consisted of just him and two other musicians. Jill provided back up vocals and drum tracks for Dale's 1993 Tribal Thunder album. Dale married his third wife Lana in 2011. Dale later owned a home with a small private airstrip in the Mojave Desert east of Los Angeles, and flew his own private aircraft (a Piper Tri-Pacer). The airstrip was marked as "Dale" on the NOAA aeronautical charts.

He said that, for health reasons, he never used alcohol or other drugs, and discouraged their use by band members and road crew. In 1972, he stopped eating red meat. He studied Kenpo karate for over 30 years. In early 2008, he experienced a recurrence of colorectal cancer and completed a surgical, chemotherapy, and radiation treatment regimen.

Death
Dale died in Loma Linda, California, on March 16, 2019, at the age of 81. He was treated for heart failure and kidney failure prior to his death.

As Dick Dale & His Del-Tones

 * Surfers' Choice (Deltone, 1962; Capitol, 1963; Sundazed, 2006)
 * King of the Surf Guitar (Capitol, 1963; Sundazed, 2007)
 * Checkered Flag (Capitol, 1963; Sundazed, 2007)
 * Mr. Eliminator (Capitol, 1964; Sundazed, 2007)
 * Summer Surf (Capitol, 1964; Sundazed, 2007)

As Dick Dale

 * Tribal Thunder (Hightone, 1993)
 * Unknown Territory (Hightone, 1994)
 * Calling Up Spirits (Beggars Banquet, 1996)
 * Spacial Disorientation (Dick Dale/The Music Force, 2001)

Live albums

 * Rock Out with Dick Dale & His Del-Tones: Live at Ciro's (Capitol, 1965; Sundazed [LP only], 2010)
 * The Tigers Loose (Balboa, 1983; Rhino [LP only], 1987)
 * Live on the Santa Monica Pier (Rockbeat, 1994/1996 [rel. 2014]) 2CD

Compilations

 * Greatest Hits (GNP Crescendo [LP issue], 1975; GNP Crescendo [CD issue], 1992)
 * King of the Surf Guitar: The Best of Dick Dale & His Del-Tones (Rhino [LP issue], 1986; Rhino [CD issue], 1989)
 * Better Shred Than Dead: The Dick Dale Anthology (Rhino, 1997) 2CD
 * Singles Collection '61–'65 (Sundazed, 2010) 2LP
 * Guitar Legend: The Very Best of Dick Dale (Shout! Factory, 2010)
 * King of the Surf Guitar (Rockbeat, 2012) 2LP; 1CD
 * At the Drags (Rockbeat, 2012) 2LP; 1CD
 * Misirlou: Dick Dale & His Del-Tones (Jasmine, 2018)

Soundtracks

 * Pulp Fiction (1994)
 * Rocket Jockey (1996)

title: Dick Dale


text:
Battle of Mactan

The Battle of Mactan (Labanan sa Mactan; Batalla de Mactán) was fought on a beach in Mactan Island (now part of Cebu, Philippines) between Spanish forces led by the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan along with local allies, and Lapulapu, the chieftain of the island, on the early morning hours of April 27, 1521. Magellan, a Portuguese-born commander serving the Spanish Empire who led an expedition that ultimately circumnavigated the world for the first time, commanded a small Spanish contingent in an effort to subdue Mactan led by Lapulapu under the Spanish crown. The sheer number of Lapulapu's forces, compounded with issues on the location and armor, ultimately resulted in a disastrous defeat to the Europeans and the death of Magellan. Surviving members of Magellan's crew continued the expedition under the command of Juan Sebastian de Elcano, who completed the journey in September 1522.

The battle's exact details are lost to history, with Antonio Pigafetta's account being the only source for much of the known information today. It is remembered in the Philippines as the first battle won by a native Filipino against the Spanish forces, with Lapulapu being hailed as the country's first national hero. The Spanish Empire would continue to send expeditions to the archipelago with little to no success until Miguel Lopez de Legazpi's expedition to Cebu and Manila in 1565, starting a 333-year Spanish rule on the archipelago.

Background
Magellan's expedition had left Spain in August 1519 on a mission to find a westward route to the Moluccas or Spice Islands. On March 16, 1521 (Julian calendar), Magellan sighted the mountains of what is now Samar. This event marked the arrival of the first documented Europeans in the archipelago. The following day, Magellan ordered his men to anchor their ships on the shores of Homonhon Island.

There, Magellan befriended Rajah Kolambu and Rajah Siagu, king of Limasawa, who guided him to Cebu. There he met Rajah Humabon, the Rajah of Cebu. Then, Rajah Humabon and his queen were baptized into the Catholic faith, taking the Christian names Carlos, in honor of King Charles I of Spain, and Juana, in honor of King Charles' mother, Joanna the Mad. To commemorate this event, Magellan gave Juana the Santo Niño, an image of the infant Jesus, as a symbol of their new alliance and held their first Mass on the coast.

As a result of Magellan's influence with Rajah Humabon, an order was issued to each of the nearby chiefs, to provide food supplies for the ships, and to convert to Christianity. Most chiefs obeyed. Datu Lapulapu, one of the two chiefs on the island of Mactan, was the only one to show opposition: he refused to accept the authority of Rajah Humabon in these matters. This opposition proved influential. Antonio Pigafetta, Magellan's voyage chronicler, wrote that Zula, the island's other chief, sent one of his sons to Magellan with gifts but Lapulapu prevented the journey and refused to swear fealty to Spain.

Rajah Humabon and Datu Zula suggested that Magellan go to Mactan, to force the Datu's compliance. Magellan saw an opportunity to strengthen the existing friendship ties with the ruler of the Visayan region and agreed to help him subdue the resistant Lapulapu.

Battle
Upon landing, Magellan's small force was immediately attacked by the natives with a heavy barrage of ranged weapons, consisting of arrows, iron-tipped "bamboo" throwing spears (probably rattan bangkaw), fire-hardened sticks, and even stones. They surrounded Magellan's landing party, attacking from the front and both flanks. The heavy armor of the Spaniards largely protected them from this barrage, inflicting only a handful of fatalities on the Europeans, but it was heavily demoralizing on the troops.

The musketeers and crossbowmen on the boat tried to provide support by firing from the boats. Though the light armor and the shields of the natives were vulnerable to European projectile weapons, the barrage had little effect, as they were firing from an extreme distance and the natives easily avoided them. Due to the same distance, Magellan could not command them to stop and save their ammunition, and the musketeers and crossbowmen continued firing for half an hour until their ammunition was exhausted.

Magellan, hoping to ease the attack, set fire to some of the houses, but this only enraged the natives. Magellan was finally hit with a poisoned arrow through his unarmored legs, at which time the natives charged the Europeans for close-quarters combat.

Many of the warriors specifically attacked Magellan. In the struggle, he was wounded in the arm with a spear and in the leg by a large native sword (likely a kampilan). Those who stood beside him were easily overpowered and killed, while the others who tried to help him were hacked by spears and swords. With this advantage, Lapulapu's troops finally overwhelmed and killed Magellan. Pigafetta and a few others managed to escape.

According to Pigafetta, several of Magellan's men were killed in battle, and a number of native converts to Catholicism who had come to their aid were immediately killed by the warriors.

Magellan's allies, Humabon and Zula, were said to not have participated in the battle, at Magellan's bidding. They watched from a distance.

Aftermath
Datu Lapulapu's warriors recovered the body of Magellan. Humabon demanded the bodies of Magellan and of some of Magellan's dead crew, in return for as much merchandise as the warriors wished, but they refused.

Some of the soldiers who survived the battle and returned to Cebu were poisoned at a feast given by Humabon. Magellan was succeeded by Juan Sebastián Elcano as commander of the expedition. After Humabon's betrayal, he ordered an immediate departure. Elcano and his fleet sailed west. They reached Spain in 1522, completing the first circumnavigation of the world.

In Philippine culture

In Philippine history, the "victory of Mactan" is considered to have delayed the Spanish colonization of the Philippines by 44 years until the conquest by Miguel López de Legazpi in 1564–1565. Today, Lapulapu is retroactively honored as the first "Philippine national hero" to resist foreign rule.

Lapulapu is remembered by a number of commemorations: statues on the island of Mactan and at the Cebu Provincial Capitol, a city bearing his name, and a local variety of Red Grouper fish. Kapampangan actor-turned-politician Lito Lapid starred in a film called Lapu-Lapu, and novelty singer Yoyoy Villame wrote a folk song entitled "Magellan" that tells a humorously distorted story of the Battle of Mactan.

There is a spot in Mactan Island called the "Mactan shrine" where the historic battle is reenacted along the mangrove shorelines of the shrine during its anniversary and culminated with the Rampada Festival, a festival reenacting the victory celebration of Mactan after the battle. Appropriately called the "Victory of Mactan" (Cebuano: Kadaugan sa Mactan), the reenactment is considered as a grand celebration for Cebuanos and one of Cebu's prime festivals together with the Sinulog of Cebu. Usually, during the re-enactment, Filipino celebrities, especially of Cebuano origin, play Lapu-Lapu, his wife Reyna Bulakna, and Ferdinand Magellan. In the same shrine, next to the Lapulapu statue, there is an obelisk erected in Magellan's honor by the Spanish colonial authorities and defaced shortly after the US military occupation of the Philippines.

Magellan is also honored for bringing Catholicism to the Philippines in general and the Santo Niño (Child Jesus) to Cebu in particular. The Magellan's Cross and the aforementioned Magellan's shrine were erected in Cebu City. Many landmarks and infrastructures all over the Philippines bear Magellan's name, mostly using its Spanish spelling (Magallanes), which is also a widely used Filipino surname.

The inhabitants of the Sulu archipelago believe that Lapulapu was a Muslim of the Sama-Bajau.

On April 27, 2017, in honoring Lapulapu as the first hero who resisted foreign rule in the country, the date April 27 when the battle happened was declared by President Rodrigo Duterte as Lapu-Lap Day.

title: Battle of Mactan


text:
NBC News

NBC News is the news division of the American broadcast television network NBC. The division operates under NBCUniversal Television and Streaming, a division of NBCUniversal, which is, in turn, a wholly owned subsidiary of Comcast. The news division's various operations report to the president of NBC News, Rebecca Blumenstein. The NBCUniversal News Group also comprises MSNBC, the network's 24-hour general news channel, business and consumer news channels CNBC and CNBC World, the Spanish language Noticias Telemundo and United Kingdom–based Sky News.

NBC News aired the first regularly scheduled news program in American broadcast television history on February 21, 1940. The group's broadcasts are produced and aired from 30 Rockefeller Plaza, NBCUniversal's headquarters in New York City.

The division presides over the flagship evening newscast NBC Nightly News, the world's first of its genre morning television program, Today, and the longest-running television series in American history, Meet the Press, the Sunday morning program of newsmakers interviews. NBC News also offers 70 years of rare historic footage from the NBCUniversal Archives online.

Caravan era
The first regularly scheduled American television newscast in history was made by NBC News on February 21, 1940, anchored by Lowell Thomas (1892–1981), and airing weeknights at 6:45 p.m.  It was simply Lowell Thomas in front of a television camera while doing his NBC network radio broadcast, the television simulcast seen only in New York. In June 1940, NBC, through its flagship station in New York City, W2XBS (renamed commercial WNBT in 1941, now WNBC) operating on channel one, televised 30¼ hours of coverage of the Republican National Convention live and direct from Philadelphia. The station used a series of relays from Philadelphia to New York and on to upper New York State, for rebroadcast on W2XB in Schenectady (now WRGB), making this among the first "network" programs of NBC Television. Due to wartime and technical restrictions, there were no live telecasts of the 1944 conventions, although films of the events were reportedly shown over WNBT the next day.

About this time, there were irregularly scheduled, quasi-network newscasts originating from NBC's WNBT in New York City, (WNBC), and reportedly fed to WPTZ (now KYW-TV) in Philadelphia and WRGB in Schenectady, NY. Such as, Esso sponsored news features a well as The War As It Happens in the final days of World War II, another irregularly scheduled NBC television newsreel program which was also seen in New York, Philadelphia and Schenectady on the relatively few (roughly 5000) television sets which existed at the time. After the war, NBC Television Newsreel aired filmed news highlights with narration. Later in 1948, when sponsored by Camel Cigarettes, NBC Television Newsreel was renamed Camel Newsreel Theatre and then, when John Cameron Swayze was added as an on-camera anchor in 1949, the program was renamed Camel News Caravan.

In 1948, NBC teamed up with Life magazine to provide election night coverage of President Harry S. Truman's surprising victory over New York governor Thomas E. Dewey. The television audience was small, but NBC's share in New York was double that of any other outlet. The following year, the Camel News Caravan, anchored by John Cameron Swayze, debuted on NBC. Lacking the graphics and technology of later years, it nonetheless contained many of the elements of modern newscasts. NBC hired its own film crews and in the program's early years, it dominated CBS's competing program, which did not hire its own film crews until 1953. (by contrast, CBS spent lavishly on Edward R. Murrow's weekly series, See It Now ). In 1950, David Brinkley began serving as the program's Washington correspondent, but attracted little attention outside the network until paired with Chet Huntley in 1956. In 1955, the Camel News Caravan fell behind CBS' Douglas Edwards with the News, and Swayze lost the already tepid support of NBC executives. The following year, NBC replaced the program with the Huntley-Brinkley Report.

Beginning in 1951, NBC News was managed by Director of News Bill McAndrew, who reported to Vice President of News and Public Affairs J. Davidson Taylor.

Huntley-Brinkley era
Television assumed an increasingly prominent role in American family life in the late 1950s, and NBC News was called television's "champion of news coverage." NBC president Robert Kintner provided the news division with ample amounts of both financial resources and air time. In 1956, the network paired anchors Chet Huntley and David Brinkley and the two became celebrities, supported by reporters including John Chancellor, Frank McGee, Edwin Newman, Sander Vanocur, Nancy Dickerson, Tom Pettit, and Ray Scherer.

Created by Producer Reuven Frank, NBC's The Huntley–Brinkley Report had its debut on October 29, 1956. During much of its 14-year run, it exceeded the viewership levels of its CBS News competition, anchored initially by Douglas Edwards and, beginning in April 1962, by Walter Cronkite.

NBC's Vice President of News and Public Affairs, J. Davidson Taylor, was a Southerner who, with Producer Reuven Frank, was determined that NBC would lead television's coverage of the civil rights movement. In 1955, NBC provided national coverage of Martin Luther King Jr.'s leadership of the Montgomery bus boycott in Montgomery, Alabama, airing reports from Frank McGee, then News Director of NBC's Montgomery affiliate WSFA-TV, who would later join the network. A year later, John Chancellor's coverage of the admission of black students to Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas was the first occasion when the key news story came from television rather than print and prompted a prominent U.S. senator to observe later, "When I think of Little Rock, I think of John Chancellor." Other reporters who covered the movement for the network included Sander Vanocur, Herbert Kaplow, Charles Quinn, and Richard Valeriani, who was hit with an ax handle at a demonstration in Marion, Alabama in 1965.

While Walter Cronkite's enthusiasm for the space race eventually won the anchorman viewers for CBS and NBC News, with the work of correspondents such as Frank McGee, Roy Neal, Jay Barbree, and Peter Hackes, also provided ample coverage of American crewed space missions in the Project Mercury, Project Gemini, and Project Apollo programs. In an era when space missions rated continuous coverage, NBC configured its largest studio, Studio 8H, for space coverage. It utilized models and mockups of rockets and spacecraft, maps of the Earth and Moon to show orbital trackage, and stages on which animated figures created by puppeteer Bil Baird were used to depict movements of astronauts before on-board spacecraft television cameras were feasible. (Studio 8H had been home to the NBC Symphony Orchestra and is now the home of Saturday Night Live.) NBC's coverage of the first Moon landing in 1969 earned the network an Emmy Award.

In the late 1950s, Kintner reorganized the chain of command at the network, making Bill McAndrew president of NBC News, reporting directly to Kintner. McAndrew served in that position until his death in 1968. McAndrew was succeeded by his Executive Vice President, Producer Reuven Frank, who held the position until 1973.

On November 22, 1963, NBC interrupted various programs on its affiliate stations at 1:45 p.m. to announce that President John F. Kennedy had been shot in Dallas, Texas. Eight minutes later, at 1:53:12 p.m., NBC broke into programming with a network bumper slide and Chet Huntley, Bill Ryan and Frank McGee informing the viewers what was going on as it happened; but since a camera was not in service, the reports were audio-only. However, NBC did not begin broadcasting over the air until 1:57 p.m. ET. About 40 minutes later, after word came that JFK was pronounced dead, NBC suspended regular programming and carried 71 hours of uninterrupted news coverage of the assassination and the funeral of the president—including the only live broadcast of the fatal shooting of Kennedy's assassin, Lee Harvey Oswald, by Jack Ruby as Oswald was being led in handcuffs by law-enforcement officials through the basement of Dallas Police Headquarters.

NBC Nightly News era
NBC's ratings lead began to slip toward the end of the 1960s and fell sharply when Chet Huntley retired in 1970; he died of cancer four years later, in 1974. The loss of Huntley, along with a reluctance by RCA to fund NBC News at a similar level as CBS was funding its news division, left NBC News in the doldrums. NBC's primary news show gained its present title, NBC Nightly News, on August 3, 1970.

The network tried a platoon of anchors (Brinkley, McGee, and John Chancellor) during the early months of Nightly News. Despite the efforts of the network's eventual lead anchor, the articulate, even-toned Chancellor, and an occasional first-place finish in the Nielsens, Nightly News in the 1970s was primarily a strong second. By the end of the decade, NBC had to contend not only with a powerful CBS but also a surging ABC, led by Roone Arledge. Tom Brokaw became sole anchor in 1983, after co-anchoring with Roger Mudd for a year, and began leading NBC's efforts. In 1986 and 1987, NBC won the top spot in the Nielsens for the first time in years, only to fall back when Nielsen's ratings methodology changed. In late 1996, Nightly News again moved into first place, a spot it has held onto in most of the succeeding years. Brian Williams assumed primary anchor duties when Brokaw retired in December 2004. In February 2015, NBC suspended Williams for six months for telling an inaccurate story about his experience in the 2003 invasion of Iraq. He was replaced by Lester Holt on an interim basis. On June 18, 2015, it was announced that Holt would become the permanent anchor and Williams would be moved to MSNBC as an anchor of breaking news and special reports beginning in August.

In 1993, Dateline NBC broadcast an investigative report about the safety of General Motors (GM) trucks. GM discovered the "actual footage" utilized in the broadcast had been rigged by the inclusion of explosive incendiaries attached to the gas tanks and the use of improper sealants for those tanks. GM subsequently filed an anti-defamation lawsuit against NBC, which publicly admitted the results of the tests were rigged and settled the lawsuit with GM on the very same day.

On October 22, 2007, Nightly News moved into its new high definition studios, at Studio 3C at NBC Studios in 30 Rockefeller Plaza in New York City. The network's 24-hour cable network, MSNBC, joined the network in New York on that day as well. The new studios/headquarters for NBC News and MSNBC are now located in one area.

2007–2016
During the financial crisis of 2007–2008, NBC News was urged to save $500 million by NBC Universal. On that occasion, NBC News laid off several of its in-house reporters such as Kevin Corke, Jeannie Ohm and Don Teague. This was the largest layoff in NBC News history.

After the sudden death of the influential moderator Tim Russert of Meet the Press in June 2008, Tom Brokaw took over as an interim host; and on December 14, 2008, David Gregory became the new moderator of the show until August 14, 2014, when NBC announced that NBC News Political Director Chuck Todd would take over as the 12th moderator of Meet the Press starting September 7, 2014. David Gregory's last broadcast was August 10, 2014.

By 2009, NBC had established leadership in network news, airing the highest-rated morning, evening, and Sunday interview news programs. Its ability to share costs with MSNBC and share in the cable network's advertising and subscriber revenue made it far more profitable than its network rivals.

On March 27, 2012, NBC News broadcast an edited segment from a 911 call placed by George Zimmerman before he shot Trayvon Martin. The editing made it appear that Zimmerman volunteered that Martin was black, rather than merely responding to the dispatcher's inquiry, which would support a view that the shooting was racially motivated. A media watchdog organization accused NBC News of engaging in "an all-out falsehood." While NBC News initially declined to comment, the news agency did issue an apology to viewers. The Washington Post called the statement "skimpy on the details on just how the mistake unfolded."

On December 13, 2012, NBC News reporter Richard Engel and his five crew members, Aziz Akyavaş, Ghazi Balkiz, John Kooistra, Ian Rivers and Ammar Cheikh Omar, were kidnapped in Syria. Having escaped after five days in captivity, Engel said he believed that a Shabiha group loyal to al-Assad was behind the abduction, and that the crew was freed by the Ahrar al-Sham group five days later. Engel's account was however challenged from early on. In April 2015, NBC had to revise the kidnapping account, following further investigations by The New York Times, which suggested that the NBC team "was almost certainly taken by a Sunni criminal element affiliated with the Free Syrian Army," rather than by a loyalist Shia group.

In 2013, John Lapinski was Director of Elections, replacing Sheldon Gawiser. In 2015, the election team's decision desk group was given its first permanent space at 30 Rockefeller, replacing the News Sales Archives that had occupied the space previously.

The NBC News Division was the first news team to possess the tape of Donald Trump recorded by Access Hollywood, after a producer of the NBC show had made the News Division aware of it; the News Division internally debated publishing it for three days, and then an unidentified source gave a copy of the tape to The Washington Post Reporter David Fahrenthold, who contacted NBC for comment, notified the Trump campaign that he had the video, obtained confirmation of its authenticity, and released a story and the tape itself, scooping NBC. Alerted that the Post might release the story immediately, NBC News released its own story shortly after the Post story was published.

Sexual misconduct and NBC News
On November 29, 2017, NBC News announced that Matt Lauer's employment had been terminated after an unidentified female NBC employee reported that Lauer had sexually harassed her during the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, and that the harassment continued after they returned to New York. NBC News management said it had been aware that The New York Times and Variety had been conducting independent investigations of Lauer's behavior, but that management had been unaware of previous allegations against Lauer. Linda Vester, a former NBC News correspondent, disputed the claims that management knew nothing, saying that "everybody knew" that Lauer was dangerous. According to Ronan Farrow, multiple sources have stated that NBC News was not only aware of Lauer's misconduct beforehand, but that Harvey Weinstein used this knowledge to pressure them into killing a story that would have outed his own sexual misconduct. Variety reported allegations by at least ten of Lauer's current and former colleagues. Additional accusations went public in the ensuing days.

NBC News President Noah Oppenheim suggested an investigation into alleged sexual misconduct by Harvey Weinstein after NBC contributor Ronan Farrow pitched a general idea to report on sexual harassment in Hollywood. After a 10-month investigation by Farrow and NBC Producer Rich McHugh, NBC chose not to publish it. The story, with very few changes, was published a few weeks later in the New Yorker Magazine instead. A story on the subject of Weinstein's alleged behavior also appeared several days earlier in The New York Times. Following criticism for missing a major story it had initiated, NBC News defended the decision, saying that at the time Farrow was at NBC, the early reporting still had important missing necessary elements. Farrow later disputed this characterization, saying that he had multiple named accusers willing to come forward and that the version ultimately published in the New Yorker had very few changes from the version that NBC News rejected. This version went on to win the Pulitzer Prize for Public Service in April 2018. A former NBC News executive has said that the story on Weinstein was killed because NBC News was aware of the sexual misconduct by Lauer; in Catch and Kill: Lies, Spies, and a Conspiracy to Protect Predators, Ronan Farrow cites two sources within American Media, Inc. stating that the story was killed in response to an overt threat from Weinstein to out Lauer.

Hiring of Ronna McDaniel
In March 2024, NBC News hired Ronna McDaniel, the former chairwoman of the Republican National Committee (RNC) from 2017 to 2024. The hire stirred controversy, as McDaniel had been a staunch Donald Trump loyalist during her tenure at the RNC. She made false claims of voter fraud after Joe Biden won the 2020 presidential election, which she sought to overturn.

After she was hired by NBC, McDaniel backtracked on her claims, saying that Biden won the 2020 election "fair and square" and condemned political violence. She said of her conduct as RNC chair, "When you’re the RNC chair, you — you kind of take one for the whole team, right? Now I get to be a little bit more myself."

Reversal of hiring
After a day of on-air protests by various MSNBC anchors including Rachel Maddow, Mika Brzezinski, Joe Scarborough, Chuck Todd, and Nicolle Wallace, NBC announced on 26 March that McDaniel will not be hired by the network.

Presidents
Thirteen people have served as president of NBC News during its history: William R. McAndrew (managed since 1951, named president, 1965–1968), Reuven Frank (1968–1973, 1981–1985), Richard Wald (1973–1977), Lester Crystal (1977–1979), William J. Small (1979–1981), Lawrence Grossman (1985–1988), Michael Gartner (1988–1993), Andrew Lack (1993–2001), Neal Shapiro (2001–2005), and Steve Capus (2005 – March 5, 2013). In August 2013, Deborah Turness assumed the role as President of NBC News, becoming the first woman to head the division. In February 2017, Today Show Producer and Executive Noah Oppenheim was named President of NBC News. Rebecca Blumenstein was named President of NBC News on January 10, 2023.

Programming

 * Meet the Press (since 1947)
 * Today (since 1952)
 * Today 3rd Hour (since 2018)
 * NBC Nightly News (since 1970)
 * Saturday Today (since 1992)
 * Dateline NBC (since 1992)
 * Early Today (1982–1983; since 1999)
 * Today with Hoda & Jenna (since 2019)
 * Sunday Today with Willie Geist (since 2016)
 * NBC News Daily (since 2022)

Former programming

 * Camel News Caravan (1948–1956)
 * The Huntley-Brinkley Report (1956–1970)
 * First Tuesday/Chronolog (1969–1973)
 * NBC News Presents a Special Edition (1973–1974)
 * Weekend (1974–1979)
 * Ask NBC News (1979–1985)
 * Prime Time Sunday/Saturday (1979–1980)
 * NBC Magazine with David Brinkley (1980–1982)
 * NBC News Overnight (1982–83)
 * NBC News at Sunrise (1983–1999)
 * Monitor/First Camera (1983–1984)
 * Summer Sunday, USA (1984)
 * American Almanac (1985–1986)
 * Main Street (1985–1988)
 * 1986 (1986)
 * Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow (1989)
 * Real Life with Jane Pauley (1990–91)
 * Expose with Tom Brokaw (1991)
 * NBC Nightside (1991–1998)
 * Now with Tom Brokaw and Katie Couric (1993–94)
 * NBC News at This Hour (August 1975 –1990s; previously branded as NBC News Update, NBC News Capsule and NBC News Digest)
 * Later Today (1999–2000)
 * Today with Kathie Lee and Hoda (2008–2019)
 * Rock Center with Brian Williams (2011–2013)
 * Today's Take (2000–2017)
 * Sunday Night with Megyn Kelly (June 4 – July 30, 2017)
 * Megyn Kelly Today (2017–2018)

Syndicated productions

 * The Chris Matthews Show (2002–2013)

Other productions
NBC News provides content for the Internet, as well as cable-only news networks CNBC and MSNBC. It produces a daily (formerly twice-daily show) called Stay Tuned for Snapchat's Discover platform. It also produced programming for Quibi called The Report. The Stay Tuned team launched The Overview on Peacock in 2021.

NBC News International
In November 2016, NBC News Group chairman Andy Lack announced NBCUniversal intended to purchase a 25% stake in Euronews, a European news organization competing against the likes of BBC News and ITV News The transaction was completed at the end of May 2017; Deborah Turness, former President of NBC News, was appointed to run "NBC News International," to perform NBC's role in the partnership, in which each network would contribute reporting to the other.

In April 2020, NBCUniversal sold its stake in Euronews to focus all resources on the launch of NBC Sky World News, which was scheduled to launch later in 2020. However, the proposed new service was scrapped in August 2020, resulting in layoffs of 60 employees.

NBC News Radio
NBC News Radio is an all-news radio service produced by iHeartMedia through its TTWN Networks subsidiary, in partnership with NBCU's news division. It has been available on iHeartRadio, iHeartMedia's online live audio and podcasting platform, on different supports (Web and smartphone apps) since July 2016. It can be heard around the clock in 15-minute cycles with the latest news, sports and other features. It uses the slogan "The news you want, when you want it." It also supplies hourly newscasts to subscribing radio stations.

While it is not owned by NBCUniversal itself, NBC News Radio features reports from NBC News correspondents, presented by anchors who are iHeartMedia employees. It is also provided to NBC's 24/7 News Source radio station affiliates as a service, including one-minute and two-minute hourly newscasts along with other audio content, such as features on money, health, politics and sports, heard on over 1,000 radio stations. WOR in New York City serves as NBC News Radio's flagship.

The current NBC News Radio digital station is NBC's first step into the all-news radio format since the closure of its ephemeral NBC News & Information Service (NIS) was heard on radio stations across the U.S. from 1975 to 1977. The service was not profitable for NBC and was discontinued after two years. The original major NBC Radio Network was purchased by Westwood One a decade later, in 1987, as General Electric, which had acquired NBC's parent company RCA, divested most properties not pertaining to the NBC television network, thus ending its direct participation in the radio business. NBC Radio Network's news operation was merged into the Mutual Broadcasting System, then into Westwood One's then-corporate sibling CBS Radio, and eventually assimilated into the syndicator itself.

For years, Westwood One has carried on syndicating several NBC-branded shows to affiliate radio stations, including audio versions of current-affairs NBC TV shows such as Meet the Press, a practice that continues to date. As for hard news programming, Westwood One used to provide an homonymous NBC News Radio service, which was initially limited to a feed of one-hour reports updated from 6 a.m. to 10 p.m. ET offered to subscriber local stations. Dial Global –which has branded itself Westwood One since 2013– announced on March 5, 2012, its aim to expand NBC News Radio to a full-time 24-hour radio news network, replacing CNN Radio (that itself replaced both NBC Radio and Mutual in 1999). The original NBC News Radio service was eventually discontinued on December 14, 2014. That coincided with the launch of the new, white-label Westwood One News service. It used content from WarnerMedia's CNN but was discontinued in 2019.

In addition to NBC News Radio, the audio portions of NBC News cable networks MSNBC and CNBC are available as Internet radio stations through the TuneIn podcasting service as well as the SiriusXM satellite radio platform.

NBC News Overnight and NBC Nightside
In 1982, NBC News began production on NBC News Overnight with anchors Linda Ellerbee, Lloyd Dobyns, and Bill Schechner. It usually aired at 1:35 a.m. E.T., following The Tonight Show and Late Night with David Letterman.

NBC News Overnight was cancelled in December 1983, but in 1991, NBC News launched another overnight news show called NBC Nightside. During its run, the show's anchors included Sara James, Bruce Hall, Antonio Mora, Tom Miller, Campbell Brown, Kim Hindrew, Tom Donavan, and Tonya Strong. It was based at NBC Network affiliate WCNC-TV in Charlotte, North Carolina. It provided an overnight news service which NBC affiliates could air until early morning programming began, in effect providing programming to help them stay on the air 24/7. At the time, a few NBC affiliates had begun using CNN's Headline News service to provide overnight programming, and NBC decided to offer the network's own overnight news service. CBS and ABC also began their own overnight news programming, as well. In addition, the facility produced a 24-hour news service aimed to Latin American viewers called "Canal de Noticias, NBC. The serviced closed in 1997 and five years later, the network bought Telemundo.

NBC Nightside lasted until 1998 and was replaced by "NBC All Night," composed of reruns of The Tonight Show with Jay Leno and Late Night with Conan O'Brien, and later from January 1, 2007, to September 23, 2011, Poker After Dark. NBC now airs same day repeats of the fourth hour of Today and CNBC's Mad Money on weekdays, LXTV programs on early Sunday mornings, and Meet the Press and Dateline encores on early Monday mornings.

Current

 * NBCUniversal Archives
 * NBC News Studios – documentary production unit founded on January 23, 2020
 * MSNBC Films
 * NBC News Channel – a news video and report feed service similar to a wire service, providing pre-produced international, national and regional stories some with fronting reporters customized for NBC network affiliates. It is based in Charlotte, North Carolina with bureaus in New York City at 30 Rockefeller Plaza, Washington, D.C., on North Capital Street NW, Chicago at the NBC Tower, and in Los Angeles at the Brokaw News Center on the Universal Studios Hollywood Lot with satellite bureaus at WFLA-TV in Tampa, Florida and at KUSA-TV in Denver, Colorado. Its headquarters in Charlotte are connected to the studios of Charlotte NBC affiliate WCNC-TV. NBC News Channel also served as the production base of NBC Nightside and "Canal de Noticias, NBC."
 * NBC News Digital Group
 * NBC News Now – a free streaming service launched May 29, 2019, under Janelle Rodriguez, Senior Vice President of Editorial for NBC News and MSNBC. Initially operated without an anchor until they hired Alison Morris, formerly of Fox 5 in New York, starting on July 1, 2019. The OTT services was announced in October 2018 as NBC News Signal with Simone Boyce original tapped as the evening (7 PM) host with two MSNBC as acting as hosts. The channel broadcasts rolling news on weekdays from 5am ET until early evening with NBC news magazines, including Dateline NBC repeats and Meet the Press, shown overnight and at the weekend. The service is streamed live on YouTube internationally, Peacock streaming service in the US and Canada, and in 2022 and 2023 it was aired as a linear channel in the UK on Sky TV and Virgin Media's platforms. During breaking news events of major significance when NBC News Now is not broadcasting live programming, such as at weekends, the channel broadcasts Sky News.

Former

 * Peacock Productions

Major bureaus

 * New York City, New York: NBC News Headquarters (WNBC)1
 * Universal City, California (Los Angeles): West Coast Bureau (KNBC)1
 * Washington, D.C.: Washington, D.C. Bureau (WRC-TV)1
 * London, England, UK: Foreign Desk

Minor bureaus (within the United States)

 * Atlanta, Georgia (WXIA-TV) 3
 * Boston, Massachusetts (WBTS–CD) 1
 * Chicago, Illinois (WMAQ-TV) 1
 * Denver, Colorado (KUSA-TV) 3
 * Fort Worth – Dallas, Texas (KXAS-TV) 1
 * Houston, Texas (KPRC-TV) 2
 * Miami – Fort Lauderdale, Florida (WTVJ) 1
 * New Britain – Hartford – New Haven, Connecticut (WVIT) 1
 * Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (WCAU) 1
 * San Diego, California (KNSD) 1
 * San Jose – San Francisco – Oakland, California (KNTV) 1
 * San Juan, Puerto Rico (WKAQ-TV) 1
 * 1 All NBC owned-and-operated stations are considered NBC News bureaus
 * 2 NBC affiliate owned by Graham Media Group
 * 3 NBC affiliates owned by Tegna Inc.

Foreign bureaus (NBC News/CNBC/MSNBC)

 * Johannesburg, South Africa (CNBC Africa headquarters)
 * Kabul, Afghanistan (NBC News)
 * Nairobi, Kenya (CNBC Africa)
 * Abuja, Nigeria (CNBC Africa)
 * Lagos, Nigeria (CNBC Africa)
 * Cape Town, South Africa (CNBC Africa)
 * Singapore (CNBC Asia headquarters)
 * Sydney, Australia (CNBC Asia)
 * Melbourne, Australia (NBC News Asia Pacific)
 * Managua, Nicaragua (Canal 15 Nicaragua-Telemundo 51 WSCV)
 * Tokyo, Japan (Nikkei CNBC)
 * Hong Kong (CNBC Asia)
 * Beijing, China (NBC News, MSNBC, and CNBC)
 * Istanbul, Turkey (CNBC-e)
 * Frankfurt, Germany (CNBC Europe)
 * Baghdad, Iraq (MSNBC and CNBC Asia)
 * Beirut, Lebanon (MSNBC and CNBC Asia)
 * Jerusalem, Israel/Palestine (MSNBC and CNBC Asia)
 * New Delhi, India (CNBC-TV18)
 * Jakarta, Indonesia (CNBC Indonesia)
 * Bangkok, Thailand (NBC News Asia Pacific and CNBC Asia)
 * Tehran, Iran (NBC News)

Noted coverage
NBC News got the first American news interviews from two Russian presidents (Vladimir Putin, Mikhail Gorbachev), and Brokaw was the only American television news correspondent to witness the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989.

Anchors and hosts

 * Peter Alexander – Saturday Today Co-Anchor & Chief White House Correspondent (2004–present)
 * Mika Brzezinski – MSNBC's Morning Joe Co-Anchor
 * Ana Cabrera – Ana Cabrera Reports Anchor
 * Carson Daly – Today Features Anchor & NBC's The Voice Host
 * José Díaz-Balart – NBC Nightly News Saturday Anchor (2015–present) & Jose Diaz-Balart Reports Anchor
 * Jonathan Capehart – Host of The Saturday/Sunday Show with Jonathan Capehart on MSNBC.
 * Dylan Dreyer – 3rd Hour Today Co-Anchor & NBC News Meteorologist
 * Joe Fryer – Morning News Now Co-Anchor, Saturday Today Features Anchor & Correspondent
 * Willie Geist – Sunday Today Anchor, MSNBC's Morning Joe Co-Anchor and NBC News Correspondent
 * Savannah Guthrie – Today Co-Anchor & NBC News Chief Legal Correspondent (2007–present)
 * Jenna Bush Hager – Co-host of Today with Hoda & Jenna, NBC News Correspondent
 * Chris Hayes – Host of All In with Chris Hayes on MSNBC
 * Lester Holt – NBC Nightly News Anchor & Managing Editor also Primary Anchor of Dateline NBC (2011–present)
 * Hallie Jackson – Senior Washington Correspondent, NBC Nightly News Sunday Anchor & Hallie Jackson NOW Anchor
 * Chris Jansing – Anchor, Chris Jansing Reports & MSNBC/NBC News Senior National Correspondent
 * Laura Jarrett – Saturday Today Co-Anchor & Senior Law Correspondent
 * Sheinelle Jones – 3rd Hour Today Co-Anchor & NBC News correspondent
 * Bill Karins – MSNBC/NBC News Now Weather Anchor & NBC News Chief Meteorologist
 * Hoda Kotb – Today Co-Anchor & Co-host of Today with Hoda & Jenna
 * Jonathan Lemire – MSNBC Political Analyst & Anchor of MSNBC's Way Too Early
 * Richard Lui – MSNBC and NBC News Breaking News Anchor
 * Tom Llamas – NBC News Senior National Correspondent & NBC News Now Breaking News anchor & anchor of Top Story with Tom Llamas
 * Rachel Maddow – MSNBC's The Rachel Maddow Show Anchor and NBC News Senior Political Analyst
 * Ari Melber – Chief Legal Correspondent & Anchor of MSNBC's The Beat with Ari Melber
 * Craig Melvin – Today News Anchor & 3rd Hour Today Co-Anchor
 * Andrea Mitchell – MSNBC's Andrea Mitchell Reports Anchor & NBC News Chief Foreign Affairs & Chief Washington Correspondent (1978–present)
 * Ayman Mohyeldin – Correspondent, AYMAN Anchor
 * Vicky Nguyen – Co-Anchor, NBC News Daily (on NBC Network & NBC News Now) & NBC News Senior Investigative & Consumer Correspondent
 * Lawrence O'Donnell – Host of The Last Word on MSNBC
 * Katie Phang – Anchor of The Katie Phang Show on MSNBC and Peacock
 * Jen Psaki – Host of Inside with Jen Psaki on MSNBC
 * Morgan Radford – Co-Anchor, NBC News Daily (on NBC Network & NBC News Now) & NBC News Correspondent
 * Joy Reid – MSNBC's The ReidOut Anchor
 * Frances Rivera – Early Today Co-Anchor
 * Al Roker – Chief NBC News Meteorologist, Today Weather & Features Anchor, and 3rd Hour Today Co-Anchor
 * Steven Romo – NBC News correspondent and NBC News Now anchor
 * Stephanie Ruhle – Senior Business Analyst, Anchor of MSNBC's The 11th Hour
 * Symone Sanders-Townsend – Host of The Weekend on MSNBC
 * Savannah Sellers – Morning News Now Co-Anchor, Stay Tuned Co-Anchor & Correspondent
 * Kate Snow – NBC News Senior National Correspondent & Co-Anchor, NBC News Daily (on NBC Network & NBC News Now)
 * Joe Scarborough – MSNBC's Morning Joe Co-Anchor & NBC News Senior Political Analyst
 * Gadi Schwartz – Correspondent, Host for Stay Tuned, The Overview & Stay Tuned NOW
 * Jacob Soboroff – Co-anchor of Today
 * Chuck Todd – NBC News Senior Political Analyst
 * Katy Tur – NBC News Correspondent & Katy Tur Reports Anchor
 * Ali Velshi – Correspondent, Anchor of Velshi
 * Yasmin Vossoughian – NBC News Correspondent & MSNBC Reports Substitute Anchor
 * Alex Wagner – Senior Political Analyst & Anchor of Alex Wagner Tonight on MSNBC
 * Nicolle Wallace – NBC News Senior Political Analyst & Deadline: White House Anchor (2015–present)
 * Kristen Welker – Meet the Press Moderator (2010–present)
 * Alex Witt – Alex Witt Reports Anchor

US-based correspondents and reporters

 * Julia Ainsley – Justice Department and Department of Homeland Security Correspondent
 * Monica Alba – White House Correspondent
 * Blayne Alexander – Atlanta-based Correspondent
 * Ellison Barber – New York City-based Correspondent
 * Maura Barrett – Correspondent
 * Shaquille Brewster – Correspondent
 * Sam Brock – Miami-based Correspondent
 * Andrea Canning – NBC News Correspondent & Dateline NBC Correspondent (2012–present)
 * Morgan Chesky – Correspondent
 * Tom Costello – Senior Correspondent (1996–Present)
 * Maya Eaglin - Digital Reporter
 * Rehema Ellis – Chief Education Correspondent (1994–present)
 * Zinhle Essamuah – Correspondent
 * Meagan Fitzgerald – Foreign Correspondent
 * Aaron Gilchrist – NBC News Correspondent
 * Stephanie Gosk – Correspondent
 * Gabe Gutierrez – White House Correspondent
 * Garrett Haake – Senior Capitol Hill Correspondent
 * Kaylee Hartung – Freelance Contributing Correspondent
 * Vaughn Hillyard – Correspondent
 * Antonia Hylton – Correspondent
 * Jesse Kirsch – Correspondent
 * Steve Kornacki – National Political Correspondent
 * [[File:Courtney Kube of NBC News as part of the Atlantic Council Commanders Series in at the Atlantic Council Headquarters in Washington, D.C. on May 22, 2024 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Courtney Kube of NBC News at the [[Atlantic Council]] Headquarters in Washington, D.C. on May 22, 2024 ]]Courtney Kube – Pentagon Correspondent
 * Josh Lederman – Climate Policy Correspondent
 * Carol Lee – White House Correspondent
 * Josh Mankiewicz – Dateline NBC Correspondent
 * Cynthia McFadden – Senior Legal and Investigative Correspondent
 * Erin McLaughlin – Correspondent
 * Mike Memoli – White House Correspondent
 * Keith Morrison – Dateline NBC Correspondent
 * Dennis Murphy – Dateline NBC Correspondent
 * Kelly O'Donnell – Senior White House Correspondent
 * Steve Patterson – Los Angeles–based correspondent
 * Kathy Park – New York–based correspondent
 * Deepa Shivaram – Reporter
 * Harry Smith – Senior Correspondent
 * Jacob Soboroff – Correspondent
 * Anne Thompson – Chief Environmental Affairs Correspondent
 * John Torres – Senior Medical Correspondent
 * Guad Vanegas – Los Angeles–based correspondent
 * Ali Vitali – Capitol Hill Correspondent
 * Jacob Ward – Technology Correspondent (2018–present)
 * Brandy Zadrozny – Investigative Journalist

International correspondents and reporters

 * Ali Arouzi – Tehran-based correspondent
 * Matt Bradley – London-based Correspondent
 * Kelly Cobiella – London-based Correspondent
 * Richard Engel – Chief Foreign Correspondent
 * Molly Hunter – London-based Foreign Correspondent
 * Janis Mackey Frayer – Beijing-based Foreign Correspondent
 * Keir Simmons – Senior International Correspondent

Contributors and analysts

 * Natalie Azar – Medical Contributor
 * Mike Barnicle – MSNBC's Morning Joe Contributor
 * Jeremy Bash – Senior National Security Analyst
 * Lisa Bloom – Legal Analyst
 * Jean Chatzky – Today Financial Editor
 * Vin Gupta– Medical Contributor
 * Neal Katyal – MSNBC/NBC News Legal Analyst
 * Barry McCaffrey – MSNBC/NBC News Military Analyst
 * Barbara McQuade – MSNBC Legal Analyst
 * Steve Schmidt – NBC News Senior Political Analyst & MSNBC Contributor
 * Bret Stephens – Senior Political Contributor
 * Joyce Vance – MSNBC Legal Analyst
 * Meredith Vieira – Special Correspondent (2006–present)

Former staff
+ – deceased
 * Elie Abel (State Department Correspondent) (1961–1970) +
 * Bob Abernethy (1952–1994)+
 * Dan Abrams (Chief Legal Analyst) – now at ABC News
 * Stephanie Abrams – now at The Weather Channel
 * Martin Agronsky (Foreign Correspondent) +
 * Ron Allen – New York–based correspondent
 * Jodi Applegate (Anchor, MSNBC and Weekend Today)
 * Tom Aspell +
 * Jim Avila (Correspondent) – now with ABC News
 * Martin Bashir (later MSNBC's Martin Bashir Anchor & Dateline NBC Correspondent)
 * Robert Bazell (Chief Science & Health Correspondent) – now an adjunct professor at Yale University
 * Geoff Bennett – now at PBS NewsHour +
 * Jim Bittermann – now at CNN
 * Frank Blair (Today Show News Anchor) +
 * David Bloom (Correspondent and ''Weekend Today') +
 * Mike Boettcher
 * Frank Bourgholtzer – first full-time NBC White House Correspondent +
 * David Brinkley (1952–1981)+
 * Tom Brokaw (anchor/correspondent; 1966–2021) (now retired)
 * Ned Brooks +
 * Campbell Brown
 * Christina Brown
 * Erin Burnett – now at CNN
 * Billy Bush – fired due to the aftermath of sexual allegations about Donald Trump – now at Extra
 * Henry Champ +
 * John Chancellor (1956–1964; 1968–1993) +
 * Connie Chung – retired
 * Chris Cimino +
 * Chelsea Clinton – left to focus on the Clinton Foundation
 * Ned Colt +
 * Kevin Corke
 * Katie Couric (1989–2006)
 * Tiffany Cross (2020–2022)
 * Ann Curry – Today co-anchor & Dateline NBC host and correspondent (1990–2015)
 * Lloyd Dobyns +
 * Phil Donahue
 * Bob Dotson – retired
 * Hugh Downs +
 * Paul Duke +
 * Rosey Edeh
 * Linda Ellerbee (retired)
 * Josh Elliott
 * Bonnie Erbe
 * Bob Faw
 * Giselle Fernández
 * Martin Fletcher – Foreign Correspondent
 * Jack Ford – now chief legal analyst at CBS News
 * Eliot Frankel +
 * Michelle Franzen – now at ABC News
 * Dawn Fratangelo
 * Stephen Frazier
 * Pauline Frederick +
 * Dawna Friesen (1999–2010) – now Anchor for Canada's Global TV's Global National
 * Betty Furness +
 * Joe Garagiola +
 * Anne Garrels +
 * Damien Garcia (News Division Production Specialist, Global Mobile Computing)
 * Dave Garroway +
 * Kathie Lee Gifford – Left Today to focus on producing
 * Alexis Glick
 * Robert Goralski +
 * Peter Greenberg (Travel Editor, "Today") – now at CBS News
 * David Gregory
 * Bryant Gumbel (1981–1997) – now host of HBO Sports' Real Sports
 * Tony Guida – now at CBS News
 * Robert Hager (1969–2004) – retired from journalism
 * Sara Haines – now at ABC News
 * Tamron Hall – Former Today's Take co-host, MSNBC Live with Tamron Hall anchor & NBC News correspondent
 * Mark Halperin – fired due to inappropriate sexual behavior
 * Steve Handelsman – retired
 * Chris Hansen
 * Nanette Hansen +
 * Richard C. Harkness +
 * Sarah Harman
 * Don Harris +
 * John Hart
 * Jim Hartz +
 * James Hattori
 * Erica Hill - now at CNN
 * John Hockenberry
 * Chet Huntley +
 * Kasie Hunt – now at CNN
 * Gwen Ifill +
 * Michael Isikoff
 * Bob Jamieson – retired from journalism
 * Joshua Johnson (2020–2022)
 * Kristine Johnson – now at WCBS-TV
 * Rosalind Jordan – now at Al Jazeera English
 * Bernard Kalb +
 * Marvin Kalb
 * Floyd Kalber +
 * Megyn Kelly – Sunday Night with Megyn Kelly host and Megyn Kelly Today host
 * Arthur Kent
 * Douglas Kiker +
 * Emory King +
 * Dan Kloeffler
 * Michelle Kosinski (2005–2014)
 * Bob Kur (1976–2006)
 * Margaret Larson
 * Matt Lauer – Today co-anchor & Dateline NBC contributing anchor and correspondent (1992–2017) – fired due to inappropriate sexual behavior
 * Jack Lescoulie (1952–1967) +
 * Irving R. Levine +
 * George Lewis – retired from journalism
 * Lilia Luciano – now at CBS News
 * Bill Macatee
 * Jim Maceda – special foreign correspondent
 * Cassie Mackin +
 * Robert MacNeil – retired from journalism
 * Boyd Matson
 * Chris Matthews – retired from journalism, Former Host of Hardball with Chris Matthews
 * John MacVane +
 * Frank McGee +
 * Sean McLaughlin +
 * Jennifer McLogan
 * Preston Mendenhall
 * Jim Miklaszewski (1985–2016) – retired from journalism
 * Keith Miller +
 * Bill Monroe +
 * Natalie Morales – now host of The Talk
 * Ron Mott (2005–2020) – retired
 * Roger Mudd (1980–1986) +
 * Merrill Mueller +
 * Lisa Myers (1981–2014) – retired
 * Roy Neal +
 * Bill Neely
 * Ron Nessen – later White House Press Secretary under President Gerald Ford, retired from journalism
 * Jackie Nespral (now main anchor with NBC O&O operated station WTVJ in Miami)
 * Edwin Newman +
 * Hans Nichols – now at Axios
 * Deborah Norville – now weekday host of Inside Edition
 * Soledad O'Brien
 * Norah O'Donnell (NBC News Washington Correspondent & MSNBC Chief Washington Correspondent) – now at CBS News
 * Michael Okwu – now at Deutsche Welle
 * Keith Olbermann (Anchor, "Countdown with Keith Olbermann")
 * Don Oliver +
 * John Palmer +
 * Jane Pauley (now at CBS News)
 * Jack Perkins +
 * Tom Pettit +
 * Stone Phillips
 * Mark Potter
 * Gabe Pressman +
 * Norma Quarles
 * Charles Quinn +
 * Jacob Rascon – now at KTRK-TV in Houston
 * Jill Rappaport
 * Chip Reid – now at CBS News
 * John Rich +
 * Amy Robach
 * John Roland +
 * Betty Rollin
 * Brian Ross
 * Ford Rowan +
 * Tim Russert +
 * Bill Ryan +
 * Aline Saarinen +
 * Charles Sabine
 * Martin Savidge – later CNN
 * Jessica Savitch +
 * Chuck Scarborough – now at WNBC Channel 4 in New York City
 * Bill Schechner
 * Mike Schneider – now at NJTV
 * Willard Scott – +
 * John Seigenthaler
 * Scott Simon (now with NPR)
 * Gene Shalit – retired
 * Claire Shipman
 * Maria Shriver
 * Lynn Smith – now at HLN
 * Lawrence E. Spivak +
 * John Cameron Swayze +
 * Nancy Snyderman
 * Don Teague
 * Patricia Thompson +
 * Kevin Tibbles (1995–2022)
 * Liz Trotta
 * Thanh Truong
 * Lem Tucker +
 * Garrick Utley +
 * Richard Valeriani +
 * Charles Van Doren +
 * Sander Vanocur +
 * Linda Vester
 * Mike Viqueira (White House & Capitol Hill Correspondent)
 * Lindsey Vonn (2014 Winter Olympics correspondent)
 * Alex Wagner
 * Chris Wallace – (later at Fox News, now at CNN.)
 * Barbara Walters +
 * Fredricka Whitfield – now at CNN
 * Brian Williams (1993–2021)
 * Colleen Williams – now at KNBC
 * Mary Alice Williams
 * Brad Willis
 * Joe Witte – (later at CNBC, and WJLA-TV; now a researcher at the Goddard Spaceflight Center)
 * Jenna Wolfe
 * Lew Wood +
 * Judy Woodruff – later Monday–Friday anchor of PBS NewsHour
 * Tony Zappone

International broadcasts
MSNBC is not shown outside the Americas on a channel in its own right. However, both NBC News and MSNBC are shown for a few hours a day on OSN News in MENA Region.

In the 2000s MSNBC was shown on sister network CNBC Europe, both in scheduled slots and during breaking news, although rebroadcasts of MSNBC have stopped. However, Meet the Press is still shown on the channel, while NBC News NOW rebroadcasts Meet the Press, Today and NBC Nightly News.

In the Philippines, NBC Nightly News and Today is previously both shown on 9TV (formerly Talk TV and Solar News Channel; now as RPTV), while Early Today was officially dropped from the network in December 2013, but they replaced by the repeats of Inside Edition, while Today dropped it in September 2014 to make room for the weekend children's programming and NBC Nightly News was the last to dropped it in March 2015, due to the firing of Brian Williams as anchor and the move of Lester Holt to main anchor position as well as the anticipation of rebranding of the said network to CNN Philippines in March of the same year (both Nightly News and Today were both previously aired on ETC from 2004 to 2005 and the now defunct 2nd Avenue from 2005 to 2007; Nightly News was later moved to C/S 9 (later Solar TV) from 2008 to 2011, while Today retains it separately on 2nd Avenue until 2011). After five years of not airing it in the Philippine airwaves, both NBC Nightly News and Today returned in November 2020 as the launch programs of TAP TV (NBC Nightly News was later moved to its sister network TAP Edge from January to October 2021, until they returned it to the said network in October 2021). TAP TV may also occasionally aired special coverage from NBC News, including the U.S. Elections every 2 years and the U.S. Presidential Inauguration every 4 years, as well as breaking news during regular broadcasts of Today. NBC Nightly News, along with the full program lineup of NBC, was carried by affiliate VSB-TV in Bermuda until 2014.

The Seven Network in Australia has close ties with NBC and has used a majority of the network's imaging and slogans since the 1970s. Seven News has featured The Mission as its news theme since the mid-1980s. Local newscasts were named Seven Nightly News from the mid-1980s until around 2000. NBC and Seven will often share news recourses between the two countries. NBC News has been known to use Seven News reporters for live reports on a developing news story in Australia. Seven News will sometimes also incorporate an NBC News report into its national bulletins. Today, Weekend Today and Meet the Press are all broadcast on the Seven Network during the early morning hours from 3-5 a.m., just before Seven's own morning show Sunrise.

In Hong Kong, NBC Nightly News is live digital television broadcast transmission (or delayed) on TVB Pearl daily from 7:00 AM until 8:00 AM Hong Kong Time (6:00 PM until 7:00 PM New York City Time).

In the United Kingdom, the ITV network used to air segments from NBC Nightly News on their ITV News at 5:30 morning newscast before it was cancelled in December 2012. NBC News share facilities and crew in the UK with ITN, which is the news provider for ITV. NBC News Now is shown as a linear channel on both the Sky and Virgin Media platforms in the UK. NBC News Now has been removed from these platforms as of December 2023 but remains free to view via YouTube.

Theme music
Meet the Press, NBC Nightly News, and special breaking news reports use movements from "The Mission" by John Williams as their themes. The composition was first used by NBC in 1985 and was updated in 2004. "Scherzo for Today," the third movement, was in use by Today until 2013, when it was replaced by a new theme by Alan Gubman.

title: NBC News