text:
Talk:Sociolinguistics

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Johnson gracee. Peer reviewers: Kelseyb100.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 09:42, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 9 February 2021 and 22 May 2021. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): KRPatton.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 09:42, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

History of Sociolinguistics
I liked the article but I think in the tecnicalities, a general introduction to the subject has been ignored completely. In fact the article seems incomplete without dedicating a part of it to the history of sociolinguistics; the various approaches in the past, the gradual shift of focus from finding a pure dialect of the rural speaker to the more modern approach proposed by Labov and the ultimate establishment of the modern Sociolinguistics. Anyone..?

 * I agree. I was trained by a staunch sociolinguist, and I agree that the article is missing the "development of sociolinguistics", which I believe started pulling from identity theory in sociology, headed by Erving Goffman ("Presentation of Self in Everyday Life"). I consider him the Father of Modern Day Sociolinguistics, as opposed to Labov. (I'm a bit biased, but I'm not sure if its a controversy or not on the origins of the discipline) asshah (talk) 18:26, 6 December 2011 (UTC)
 * Go ahead and add a history section if you want - we could do with more contributors to this article. If there's doubt about who was the "creator" of sociolinguistics, then it's best just to describe the debate as presented in reliable sources (like sociolinguistics textbooks). Have a look at Wikipedia's policy on having a neutral point of view for more details. Best —  Mr. Stradivarius ♫ 08:06, 7 December 2011 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the positive words. I'll post a "first draft" history/development section here in the talk section, give it a few days, and go ahead and make the change. Hopefully it'll stick. I'll go digging through my old textbooks. asshah (talk) 20:29, 7 December 2011 (UTC)
 * I'll be looking forward to seeing it! —  Mr. Stradivarius ♫ 22:46, 7 December 2011 (UTC)

The lead section
I have a stupid question. Sociolinguistics and "sociology of language" looked similar to me when I read the first few sentences. Chimin 07 (talk) 15:36, 14 February 2011 (UTC)

 * That's not at all a stupid question. The current descriptions of the difference are confusing. A source of the problem may be that it is difficult to specify in principle the differences between sociolinguistics and the sociology of language. I see the differences as related as much to academic histories as to principled differences in approach. For example, Joshua Fishman, author of The Sociology of Language (1972), is regarded as one of the leading scholars of that field, yet he's also listed on this page as a sociolinguist. (He also wrote Sociolinguistics: A Brief Introduction 1970.) Maybe we need to consult an introductory-level textbook or two to see how they define the differences. Cnilep (talk) 00:32, 15 February 2011 (UTC)

History of Sociolinguistics as a field
I am writing as a holder of a Masters in Linguistics with post-masters studied in linguistics, and notice that the historical development of sociolinguistics as a field is, in this article, possibly quite incomplete, and particularly missing early sociolinguistics research in France and Germany, and possibly more needful of information on the heavily sociolinguistically-oriented approach to the field of Linguistics as a whole that was long typical of French linguists. It would be interesting to compare those with insights and writings by Japanese linguists of the 1930s. Also important to consider sociolinguistic concepts studied before the term 'sociolinguistics' was coined, including references to anthropological linguistics. Uranian Institute (talk) 21:42, 5 April 2011 (UTC)

 * Writing about the history, I mention the following book: The Early Days of Sociolinguistics: Memories and Reflections, by Christina Bratt Paulston, G. Richard Tucker. Pete unseth (talk) 22:41, 8 December 2011 (UTC)

Individual scholars in "See also"
I have removed the individual scholars from the "See also" section. While the individuals listed are notable sociolinguists, it seems unpractical to link to every sociolinguist on Wikipedia. The link to Category:Sociolinguists should suffice. Also, some of those individuals (e.g. William Labov, Basil Bernstein) are already linked in the text, so repeating them in the See also section is unnecessary over-link. Cnilep (talk) 00:52, 31 May 2013 (UTC)

Impending major edits
Hello all! Brand-new to wiki-editing here, so bear with me if I make mistakes. The Canadian Linguistics Association is holding a "Wikipedia Edit-athon" at their annual conference this weekend, May 30-31, 2015. The sociolinguistics faculty and graduate students at my university were tasked with suggesting edits to this page and others linked to it, and many major changes were proposed to improve accuracy, completeness of information, and readability. Over the next weeks, I plan to implement these changes. Please let me know if this will be a problem, or if I should suggest edits before implementing them. Many thanks! -- LinguistSayWhat (talk) 16:11, 26 May 2015 (UTC)LinguistSayWhat

Conflicting definitions
Greetings!

This page and Sociology of language share a problem: they both define themselves as one thing, and define the other as the opposite.

From this page:

 * "... the focus of sociology of language is the effect of the society on the language, while the sociolinguistics focuses on language's effect on the society."

From sociology of language:

 * "Sociology of language is the study of the effect of language on society. It is closely related to the field of sociolinguistics, which focuses on the effect of society on language."

As you can see, one of these definitions has to be inherently wrong. The question is, which one? JaykeBird (talk) 12:04, 26 August 2015 (UTC)

Social Language Codes
This section seems lacking in referential sources. I've attached some sources that I'll read and use to check the information in this section. The references I'm thinking are best to add/use are:

Bernstein, B. (2003). Class, codes and control. Applied studies towards a sociology of language. London: Routledge.

Hudson, R. A. (2011). Sociolinguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.Lee, V. (1973). Language and learning. some aspects of the work of

Basil Bernstein ; prepared by Victor Lee for the Course Team: with an account of the theory of codes ; by Basil Bernstein. Milton Keynes: Open University Press.

Do you have any suggestions/revisions for sources for this section?

Johnson gracee (talk) 05:51, 12 March 2018 (UTC)

Adding References
Can anyone explain to me how to add references to this page? The section completely disappears in edit mode. Thank you.. Johnson gracee (talk) 16:24, 30 April 2018 (UTC)

 * Hello, Johnson gracee, and thanks for all the work you've been putting in on this page.
 * To add a reference supporting a specific point, place a
 * If you want to cite the same reference several times, give the reference a name the first time you use it. Then just use the name for later citations.
 * This is sentence one. This is sentence two.
 * The references will show up in the Reference section thanks to either the or tag. (Somehow that section got removed. I've just re-inserted it.) The reference section should look like this:
 * There is more detailed help at Help:Footnotes and Citing sources. I'll also try to answer any questions I see posted here. Happy editing, Cnilep (talk) 01:23, 1 May 2018 (UTC)
 * There is more detailed help at Help:Footnotes and Citing sources. I'll also try to answer any questions I see posted here. Happy editing, Cnilep (talk) 01:23, 1 May 2018 (UTC)
 * There is more detailed help at Help:Footnotes and Citing sources. I'll also try to answer any questions I see posted here. Happy editing, Cnilep (talk) 01:23, 1 May 2018 (UTC)

Clarify parentheticals
Currently the section "Covert prestige" says the following:

 * There will thus be a considerable difference in use of non-standard varieties when going to the pub or having a neighborhood barbecue (lower), and going to the bank (higher)

Until about a day ago, it said roughly the opposite:
 * having a neighborhood barbecue (high), and going to the bank (lower)

I reversed an edit from an IP address that switched the high/low parentheticals, but then User:Pete unseth reversed my edit in turn.

The problem, I think, is that this prose is not clear. Does this mean that there is a lower tendency to use non-standard varieties at barbecues than in banks? If so, it is wrong. Or does it mean that non-standard varieties have low prestige? If so, that is generally true – though not necessarily in cases of covert prestige. In any event, this section is unclear and should be rewritten. It also should cite published sources. Cnilep (talk) 00:09, 12 April 2019 (UTC)

Sociolinguistics of mobility
I reverted 's addition to the "Community of practice" section as I believe its inclusion may give too much attention to a minor viewpoint. Currently the only source is the book itself which isn't helpful for understanding how the theory has been received by the field, and because of that makes claims which appear non-neutral. For example, the addition describes the concept as new, but the central argument "language patterns must be understood as patterns that are organized on different, layered (i.e. vertical rather than horizontal) scale-levels" was proposed at least a decade prior in Irvine and Gahl (2000)'s description of fractal recursivity. While there may be broad theoretical trends in the field that The Sociolinguistics of Globalization is a part of, citations to reliable secondary sources such as book reviews or literature reviews would be more useful for developing the article. — Wug·a·po·des 16:43, 31 December 2019 (UTC)

Related discussion
I've opened a discussion related to this page in Multilingualism. All comments are welcome. --Jotamar (talk) 22:51, 6 August 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sociolinguistics


text:
Talk:Thomas Sankara

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 12:22, 15 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Thomas Sankara Dessin.jpg

Corroborating source 16
New to this, might have missed something. Trying to corroborate reference 16 but cannot find it online. Anyone knows where to find it and if offline sources are commonly accepted here? Strandedoncat (talk) 17:18, 16 August 2023 (UTC)

 * Amnesty International (1988). Burkina Faso: Political Imprisonment and the Use of Torture from 1983 to 1988. London: Amnesty International. Strandedoncat (talk) 17:19, 16 August 2023 (UTC)
 * I saw some books being used as sources so I think it is accepted Neo Trixma (talk) 07:38, 17 August 2023 (UTC)

Sankara, shankar, and, ankara
Is there any word similarities between the 3? 182.3.52.74 (talk) 06:16, 16 September 2023 (UTC)

 * If you are seriously asking this, feel free to visit this page and ask again. - My, oh my! (Mushy Yank)  16:07, 15 March 2024 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Thomas Sankara


text:
Talk:GTPase

G protein redirects here, but from reading the text it is not clear to me what exactly G proteins are. All we learn is that G proteins are certain regulatory GTPases. Is there a more precise definition? Are all G proteins heterotrimeric?AxelBoldt 23:39 Jan 5, 2003 (UTC)

---

Untitled

 * Sorry, no, not all G proteins are heterotrimeric. The G protein page, though somewhat informative, needs to be re-written. PFHLai 15:36, 2004 May 20 (UTC)

---

I added some standard reviews as references. Some of them are very old, but still are very informative. Also I removed the no reference tag.

I'm a little concerned about the correctness of the switch regulation equation, which seems to be wrong to me. AbsturZ, 2007 July 29

title: Talk:GTPase


text:
Hal Newhouser

Harold Newhouser (May 20, 1921 – November 10, 1998), nicknamed "Prince Hal," was an American professional baseball player. In Major League Baseball (MLB), he pitched 17 seasons on the Detroit Tigers and Cleveland Indians, from 1939 through 1955.

Newhouser was an All-Star for six seasons and was considered to be the most dominating pitcher of the World War II era of baseball, winning the pitching triple crown for the Tigers in 1945. To date, he is also the only pitcher in MLB history ever to win two consecutive MVP awards. Newhouser was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1992.

After his retirement from baseball, Newhouser stepped away from the sport for 20 years, serving as a bank vice president. He later worked as a scout for several MLB teams, including the Houston Astros. Angered when they rebuffed his recommendation to draft future Hall of Famer Derek Jeter in favor of Phil Nevin, he quit shortly after.

Early life
Newhouser was a schoolboy star at Wilbur Wright High School in his hometown of Detroit, Michigan. Before he was approached by professional baseball teams, he had been saving money to attend a trade school by working several jobs. The young Newhouser sold newspapers, collected pop bottles, and worked in a bowling alley before signing on in professional baseball.

He was signed by the Detroit Tigers in 1939 at the age of 18. A Tigers scout offered a $500 signing bonus to Newhouser, who found the sum of money to be unimaginable. Ten minutes after he signed, someone arrived from the Cleveland Indians; that employee had been prepared to offer $15,000 to his parents in addition to a $4,000 car.

Early career
Newhouser made his debut for Detroit on September 29, 1939. In 1940, he earned a spot on the Tigers out of spring training. In his first two full big-league seasons, the young left-hander experienced control problems, walking more batters than he struck out while posting win–loss records of 9–9 and 9–11. He improved in 1942 and 1943, posting excellent earned run averages (ERAs), but he still lost more than he won on a team with a weak offense.

As World War II got under way, the Tigers moved up in the standings because several of their top players, including Newhouser, were classified as 4-F (ineligible to be drafted). Newhouser was 4-F due to a leaky heart valve; he attempted to join the service anyway but was turned down several times.

He blossomed in 1944, becoming a dominant pitcher in wartime baseball. That season, Newhouser rang up a 29–9 record, leading the league in wins and strikeouts (187). His 2.22 ERA was second in the league, as were his 25 complete games and six shutouts. The Tigers jumped into contention, finishing second in the American League, with Newhouser named MVP. Newhouser won the first Sporting News Pitcher of the Year Award in 1944.

By the 1945 season, Newhouser had been selected for three consecutive AL All-Star teams. The 1945 All-Star Game was cancelled on April 24 because of travel restrictions and seven out of eight scheduled interleague games were played in place of the All-Star Game on July 9 and 10 to support the American Red Cross and War Relief fund. Newhouser became the first pitcher to repeat as MVP that season and helped the team win the World Series. He won the pitcher's Triple Crown, leading the AL in wins (25, against nine losses), ERA (1.81) and strikeouts (212); he also led the league in innings pitched, games started, complete games and shutouts. Newhouser pitched four innings of relief on the season's final day as Detroit rallied for the pennant. Newhouser won the second Sporting News Pitcher of the Year Award. He became the youngest player (24) to win the award in two consecutive years. In that year's World Series against the Chicago Cubs, Newhouser won two games, including a complete-game victory in the deciding seventh game.

Later career
In 1946, he went 26–9 with a 1.94 ERA, again leading the league in wins and ERA. His 275 strikeouts was second in the league. Newhouser was runner-up in the MVP race to Ted Williams. Newhouser continued to rate among the game's best pitchers for the next five years. He won 17 games in 1947, led the AL with 21 wins in 1948 and rang up an 18–11 mark in 1949. After a 15–13 season in 1950, he hurt his arm and his workload was cut significantly.

After being released by the Tigers following the 1953 season, Newhouser signed on with the Cleveland Indians and was their top long reliever in 1954, when Cleveland won 111 games and the pennant. In his final big-league hurrah, he posted a 7–2 mark with a 2.54 ERA, and got to pitch in his second World Series. He ended his career with a record of 207–150 and a 3.06 ERA. He is the only pitcher ever to win consecutive MVP awards.

As a hitter, Newhouser had a .201 career batting average (201-for-999) with 70 runs, 2 home runs, 81 RBI and 89 bases on balls. Defensively, he recorded a .971 fielding percentage covering 488 games pitched.

Newhouser tried to vary his pitch selection. Even if he threw a batter the same variety of pitch twice in a row, he would always change speeds slightly, to keep the hitters guessing.

Later life
Newhouser spent his first 20 years after retiring from baseball away from the sport, working as a bank vice president in Pontiac, Michigan.

Eventually, he served as a scout for the Baltimore Orioles, Cleveland Indians, Detroit Tigers, and Houston Astros. As a scout with the Orioles, Newhouser discovered Milt Pappas, a Detroit high schooler who went on to win 209 games in an All-Star career—two more than Newhouser did. He also signed future Cy Young Award winner Dean Chance, who later earned the trophy with the Los Angeles Angels in 1964.

While with the Astros, Newhouser was credited with discovering Derek Jeter, whom the Astros passed over for Phil Nevin. He quit his job with the Astros after they ignored his advice to draft Jeter, though he had planned to retire after that season in any case.

In 1992, he was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame. His induction class included Tom Seaver, Rollie Fingers and Bill McGowan. The ceremony was attended by a then-record-setting crowd of 20,000 people. The Tigers retired Newhouser's number 16 in 1997. He died on November 10, 1998, in a hospital in Southfield, Michigan. He had been ill with emphysema and heart problems.

Personal life
Newhouser was married to his wife, the former Beryl Margaret Steele (1922–2012), from 1941 until his death. They had two daughters, Charlene and Sherrill.

During his playing days, Newhouser's teammates nicknamed him "Prince Hal" because of the way he carried himself.

title: Hal Newhouser


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In & Out (film)

In & Out is a 1997 American comedy film directed by Frank Oz, written by Paul Rudnick, and starring Kevin Kline, Tom Selleck, Joan Cusack, Matt Dillon, Debbie Reynolds, Bob Newhart, Shalom Harlow, and Wilford Brimley. Cusack was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance, but lost to Kim Basinger in L.A. Confidential.

The film was inspired by Tom Hanks's tearful speech when he accepted his 1994 Oscar (for his role in Philadelphia), in which he mentioned his high-school drama coach Rawley Farnsworth, and his former classmate John Gilkerson, "two of the finest gay Americans, two wonderful men that I had the good fortune to be associated with." The film became one of mainstream Hollywood's few attempts at a comedic "gay movie" of its era, and was widely noted at the time for a 12-second kiss between Kevin Kline and Tom Selleck.

Plot
Howard Brackett is a well-liked English literature teacher, living a quiet life in the fictional town of Greenleaf, Indiana, with his fiancée and fellow teacher Emily Montgomery, who has low self-esteem and recently lost weight for the wedding.

The town is filled with anticipation over the nomination of Howard's former student Cameron Drake in the Best Actor category at the Academy Awards for his portrayal of a gay soldier in To Serve and Protect. Cameron wins, and in his acceptance speech he thanks Howard, dedicating the award to him, finishing his speech with "and he is gay".

Howard's family, friends, students, co-workers and Emily are shocked, but that is nothing compared to Howard's own reaction of disbelief and indignation. He angrily reassures those who know him that he is heterosexual. Reporters invade his hometown and harass him for interviews following the awards night telecast. Howard is placed under the scrutiny of his boss, Principal Tom Halliwell, who is uncomfortable with the attention being brought to the school.

Although the other reporters leave after getting their story, one stays behind: on-camera entertainment reporter Peter Malloy, who wants to wait the week out so he can cover Howard's wedding to Emily. Howard confesses to a priest who recommends he sleep with Emily in order to prove his heterosexuality. Howard finds he cannot go through with it due to his conflicting emotions and Emily's concern for his well-being.

Howard crosses paths with Peter, who reveals that he is gay. Peter narrates his own experience in coming out to his family. Howard insists that he is not gay, prompting Peter to kiss him. Although shocked, he reacts somewhat positively to the kiss.

Howard's final measure to restore his heterosexuality is the use of a self-help audio cassette, although that fails as well. During the wedding ceremony, Emily recites her vow without hesitation, but when Howard is prompted by the minister, he finally comes out as gay. The wedding is called off, and although Peter is proud of him, Howard is angry with himself for hurting Emily.

Howard is fired from the school because of his coming out. Despite no longer being on the faculty, he is allowed to attend the graduation ceremony to support his students and sits on stage with his former co-workers. Having learned of the ensuing media blitz while in Los Angeles, Cameron flies to his hometown with his supermodel girlfriend and shows up at the ceremony.

When Cameron learns that his former teacher became ineligible for the "Teacher of the Year" award due to being dismissed for being gay, he publicly questions if the reason given, that the community would not have supported Howard's continued employment, is valid. Spurred on by this, when one student who got into college—thanks to Howard's hard work—proclaims himself to be gay, his classmates join him to proclaim themselves to be gay as well, showing their support. Howard's family follows suit, as do his friends, and all the townsfolk assembled. Although Howard does not win "Teacher of the Year", Cameron presents him with his Oscar to the cheers of the crowd.

Howard's wedding-crazy mother finally gets a wedding—her own, when she and her husband renew their vows. Howard, Peter and the rest of the townsfolk attend the reception. Among the crowd are Emily and Cameron, who appear to have begun a relationship. Everyone dances to the Village People song "Macho Man".

Cast

 * Kevin Kline as Howard Brackett
 * Tom Selleck as Peter Malloy
 * Joan Cusack as Emily Montgomery
 * Matt Dillon as Cameron Drake
 * Debbie Reynolds as Bernice Brackett
 * Wilford Brimley as Frank Brackett
 * Gregory Jbara as Walter Brackett
 * Shalom Harlow as Sonya
 * Shawn Hatosy as Jack
 * Zak Orth as Mike
 * Bob Newhart as Tom Halliwell
 * Lauren Ambrose as Vicky
 * Alexandra Holden as Meredith
 * Deborah Rush as Ava Blazer
 * Lewis J. Stadlen as Edward Kenrow
 * J. Smith-Cameron as Trina Paxton
 * Kate McGregor-Stewart as Aunt Becky
 * Debra Monk as Mrs. Lester
 * Ernie Sabella as Aldo Hooper
 * John Cunningham as the Voice on "Be a Man" Tape
 * Gus Rogerson as Danny
 * Dan Hedaya as a Military Attorney
 * Joseph Maher as Father Tim
 * William Parry as Fred Mooney
 * William Duell as Emmett Wilson
 * Richard Woods as Revered Morgan
 * Kevin Chamberlin as Carl Mickley
 * Wally Dunn as Cousin Lenny
 * Larry Clarke as Cousin Ernie
 * June Squibb as Cousin Ellen
 * Becky Ann Baker as Darlene
 * Selma Blair as Cousin Linda
 * Adam LeFevre and Bill Camp as Bachelor Party Guests
 * Whoopi Goldberg as Herself
 * Glenn Close as Herself
 * Jay Leno as Himself

Production
According to Frank Oz, production had to be stopped temporarily because "we all got sick...because we all got the flu." Oz and Wilford Brimley reportedly did not get along during production; however neither of them have ever elaborated on what caused the friction between the two.

Selected for its "beautiful auditorium, a great gymnasium" and other aesthetic qualities, the Pompton Lakes High School in Pompton Lakes, New Jersey was used extensively as a filming location for In & Out.

Some filming was done in Northport, New York, located on the north shore of Long Island in Suffolk County.

Soundtrack
At first, Frank Oz asked Miles Goodman to do the music for In & Out. Goodman, who composed several of Oz's previous films, died before he could do so.

A soundtrack was released on Tuesday, September 23, 1997, featuring previously recorded songs as well as Marc Shaiman's instrumental music composed for the film.

 * 1) "I Will Survive" - Diana Ross
 * 2) "Wedding Preparations" (instrumental)
 * 3) "Everything's Coming up Roses" - Ethel Merman
 * 4) "'To Serve and Protect'" (instrumental)
 * 5) "Howard Is Outed" (instrumental)
 * 6) "The Morning After" (instrumental)
 * 7) "The Bachelor Party" (instrumental)
 * 8) "Interviews with Townsfolk" (instrumental)
 * 9) "Homosection" (instrumental)
 * 10) "I Don't" (instrumental)
 * 11) "Mom & Dad" (instrumental)
 * 12) "Cameron & Emily" (instrumental)
 * 13) "Crazy" - Patsy Cline
 * 14) "Teacher of the Year/People/The Wedding" (instrumental)
 * 15) "Macho Man" - Village People

Critical reception
In & Out was well received by critics. The performances were widely praised, especially Cusack, who eventually earned an Oscar nod, and Kline. The film also gained attention for depicting homosexuality in a "mainstream" comedy about "Middle America," which, Rita Kempley Howe wrote in The Washington Post, "manages to simultaneously flaunt and flout gay stereotypes." Critics also noted its generally asexual treatment of homosexuality: Janet Maslin commented in The New York Times that the film is not one "to associate gayness with actual sex," while TV Guide quipped that it "finally gets discussion about gay people out of the bedroom and into the record store." Despite generally positive reviews, several critics, even those who were complimentary, felt that the ending was weak and did not live up to the rest of the film.

The film has a 73% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 55 reviews, with an average rating of 6.8/10; the site's consensus states: "It doesn't always find comfortable ground between broad comedy and social commentary, but lively performances—especially from Kevin Kline and Joan Cusack—enrich In & Out's mixture of laughs and sexual tolerance." On Metacritic the film has a rating of 70 based on reviews from 18 critics.

Accolades
American Film Institute recognition:
 * AFI's 100 Years... 100 Laughs – Nominated

Box office
The film did well at the box office, grossing $15,019,821 in its opening weekend and $63,856,929 over its entire theatrical run.

Home media
In & Out was released on Region 1 DVD on October 21, 1998. The release does not include any extras besides the theatrical trailer. The Region 2 DVD was released on April 9, 2001. The film received a new 4K remaster and was released on Blu-ray on 1 June 2021 in the United States and is currently available on iTunes in 4K with Dolby Vision HDR.

title: In & Out (film)


text:
Talk:Principality of Hutt River

First Nations people win native title to an area including Hutt River.
Melba1 (talk) 07:29, 8 February 2020 (UTC); Errantius (talk) 10:21, 8 August 2020 (UTC)

#Status - Australian Taxation Office
On 8 August 2020, Channel 9 "60 Minutes" had a story by reporter ("Sir") Brady Halls in which "Prince" Leonard Casley showed on a wall of the reception area not only that letter from the Palace but also annual letters from the Australian Taxation Office, starting in 1996. That for the tax year ending 30 June 2005 states: "Your taxable income is nil" and "You have been deemed to be a non-resident of Australia for income tax purposes—no tax-free threshold is available to non-residents." Errantius (talk) 10:12, 8 August 2020 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 16:12, 6 April 2021 (UTC)
 * Prince Leonard of Hutt River.jpg

Predecessor and Successor in Infobox
Why are the predecessor and successor countries in the infobox the State of Western Australia? Should they not be a sovereign state (ie, Australia)? Arecaceæ2011 (talk) 03:16, 8 October 2021 (UTC)
 * I agree. Since, to the extent that it can be said to have existed at all, it was putatively sovereign, not a putatively a part of Australia separate from Western Australia. Its predecessor and successor are the soverign nation that now control the territory. I've changed it. Largoplazo (talk) 02:02, 3 June 2022 (UTC)

Who is Arthur Casley?
Arthur Casley is mentioned two times in the article, but there's no indication of who he is. Oooooooseven (talk) 01:18, 3 June 2022 (UTC)
 * Indeed. I've noted that he's Leonard's son and footnoted it. Largoplazo (talk) 01:58, 3 June 2022 (UTC)

Own-work photographs
I have several photographs I'd be happy to upload from a personal visit in 2010, including the territory itself, Leonard Casley, the passport visa stamp issued to visitors, etc. What would be of value and interest to this article? ElectronicsForDogs (talk) 09:32, 29 August 2023 (UTC)

 * All three of those would be rather good I think ! Jack4576 (talk) 10:56, 29 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Thanks! See here, these are all my work: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:ListFiles?limit=50&user=ElectronicsForDogs&ilshowall=1
 * I'm not very good at adding photos to Wiki articles neatly. Might need someone else to do it ElectronicsForDogs (talk) 22:01, 30 August 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Principality of Hutt River


text:
Talk:Pork barrel

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Waldosearchparty. Peer reviewers: Cartersapphire.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 06:58, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Inclusion in Wikipedia
Isn't this just a jargon-file style dictionary entry? --Robert Merkel 00:20 Jan 6, 2003 (UTC)

 * Err, no? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Matthew Woodcraft (talk • contribs) 00:22, 6 January 2003

 * This is only one example of Pork barrel, this is not a definition. If we're going to include this article, we need a more extensive article.  -- Zoe 01:50, 6 January 2003

 * Are you volunteering? ;)2toise 13:47, 16 Oct 2003 (UTC)

Fixed link
Fixed link formatting for "Americans for Prosperity", and changed the adjective "grassroots" to "conservative" for accuracy. Scribelrus 11:23, 3 May 2006 (UTC)
 * I didn't realize that grassroots and conservative were mutually exclusive. Both words are prominently visible on their website, so unless there is a specific reason to believe that they are not a grassroots campaign, this is more a change for political taste than it is for accuracy.

My removal
I removed "pork barrel spending contributes significantly to government deficits"--the lack of specificity and use of weasel word "significantly" make this almost meaningless, and highly contestable. Meelar (talk) 22:24, Apr 3, 2005 (UTC)

Definition
I learned in a social problems class that pork barrel means to try to pass a bill that is so stuffed with laws that a politician wouldn't see the extra laws. I'm not sure how to explain it really. Is this true? Jaberwocky6669 | ☎Holla! 01:52, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

alternate origin?
I heard that the term came from slave masters giving their slaves barrels of pork and taking pleasure in seeing them fight for it. I guess the analogy would be politicians fighting for money? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.143.43.84 (talk • contribs), 17:05, 9 November 2004 (UTC)

I included a link to the Maxey article giving the slavery origin. Maxey gives no source for the story, however, and the word was in use in a political sense for more than 45 years before anybody mentioned this origin, nor is there any record of this practice from the days of slavery or from the half-century following abolition. It is almost certainly a later fabrication. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.5.68.227 (talk) 18:15, 30 September 2008 (UTC)

The absence of records for the slavery origin before 1919 is a matter of fact: no earlier mention of the practice is contained in any article in the Proquest newspaper database, Newspaper Archive, the Making of America collection, Google Books, or any other scholarly archive, though the term was in use in a political sense for at least 45 years before this date. It is irresponsible to mention the Maxey story without qualifying it, as if this were a matter of accepted fact. Gasala (talk) 19:25, 30 September 2008 (UTC)

Removal
Removed this phrase: ''The term was first used in print by E.K. Hale for his story called "Pork Barrel", published in 1865 by Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper. It is derived from the practice of slaveowners giving barrels of salted pork to slaves and watching the "feeding frenzy" the slaves subsequently engaged in. '' as someone has written being unable to find references for this (the website referenced is a web journalist.) The OED says 1909, in the Westminster Gazette, for first use. Mindspillage (spill yours?) 05:27, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I very slightly copy-edited the quote based on the text from the Online OED. Just wanted to let you know that I was actually basing that on the text and not just copy-editing for the sake of copy-editing. :) — HorsePunchKid → 龜  06:52, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

Origin required
(moved all discussion of origin under this top level heading)

There is no discussion of the origin of the term in the article now. Can we add something? Is the slave owner origin the correct and only origin of the term? Suspect it goes back further... Donama (talk) 23:45, 20 November 2007 (UTC)

United States focus
This article addresses the United States exclusively. I changed the lead to "used to describe United States government spending", someone please correct me if it's not accurate. 119 13:10, 18 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Globalize
I added a citation. My concerns/suggestsion:
 * Use of the term in other societies - This section is titled and written as though Wikipedia is written for Americans. Granted this term originated in the U.S. and still primarily refers to American politics but this section still should not be written this way.
 * Is it perhaps correct to merge this with the patronage article? It is not clear that pork barrel and patronage really refer to different things. The implication seems to be that pork barrel refers to special interest spending in the U.S. whereas patronage refers to such spending outside the U.S. I'm not sure that is a sufficient distinction to justify two articles (and tends to give the U.S. a "special" standing which does not seem appropriate).

--Mcorazao 16:33, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Patronage is jobs for important though perhaps unqualified people, while the pork barrel is money from the center applied to matters of local interest. US President James Garfield, for example, died for patronage, not pork.  Jim.henderson 16:06, 10 July 2007 (UTC)
 * I removed the tag, because while there is a reference to the term having spread to other countries, nonetheless the article does indicate that the term originated in American use and that's what it should primarily be about. I disagree with it being combined with patronage as there is plenty to differentiate it, and the term is so widely used. I might recommend moving this article to "Pork barrel politics" however as that's the more common useage. 23skidoo 11:50, 31 July 2007 (UTC)
 * I've re-added the tag, because the main body is US-focused and "other countries than the United States" is equally US-focussed, also what's in that section is vague and not "fleshed out". This is a very common term in Canadian politics and I believe also in the UK and Oz....and there's a clear distinction between pork barrel (in Canada, also just called "pork" or "the trough") and patronage; patronage is the appointment of political apparatchiks to plush positions, including our appointed Senate. Pork barrel is when a government member (of parliament/the legislature) - typically a cabinet member - directs public spending to their own riding (electoral district).  It's so insitutionalized in CAnada it's come to be expected, and is in fact why people often vote for their member, because of promises made to get this or that funding; really that funding is often directed at campaign backers, typically companies or companies owned by individual backers; IMO members are really just bagmen. Patronage on the other hand is more like nepotism and often indistinguishable.  Too many articles on Wikipedia are written as if US usage was the central definition/story, and that's just not right: "pork barrel in countries outside the United STates" or whatever that section title is underlines that bias, rather than removes it; the globalize template should stand until this is rectified.Skookum1 (talk) 01:01, 7 September 2010 (UTC)

Negativity
Why is this considered a bad thing? What kind of person in his right mind, other than a communist, would give everything equally to everyone, instead of favoring those he feels are the best and/or would make the best use of it? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.122.63.142 (talk) 19:47, 30 January 2008 (UTC)

I would imagine that it is considered bad because in many cases things are given to a small group of people to serve a narrow self interest, for example provide a big spending project in a political marginal constituency to ensure their support in a future election. Franny-K (talk) 14:44, 30 August 2008 (UTC)

Only in the US can "communist" be used as a slur... 96.30.149.45 (talk) 21:52, 9 October 2019 (UTC)

Examples
All the examples given here are negative ones. Are there really no examples that may have been consider pork barrel spending at a time and fulfills all the definitions of significant pork barrel spending but which is now widely consider to have been a very good thing? Nil Einne (talk) 07:06, 31 January 2008 (UTC)

Barrel which pork is kept in
Is this really necessary?

I would've thought that to anyone with even half a brain that was obvious. There's no beef barrel article about barrels containing beef, and all this does is detract from the political meaning of the phrase. --Elfbadger (talk) 19:20, 31 March 2008 (UTC)

 * I believe it is necessary to state that the term has a meaning other than the political and the term used today derived from that. Perhaps we should be specifying salt-pork.  I am against against removal of the definition but would be OK about reordering or further explanation.--Matilda talk 23:23, 31 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Perhaps it should go at the end of the article then? This phrase is obviously a matter of context. You're not going to hear it on a political programme and think they're talking about meat storage. Its most commom use is surely the political one, so I think it should take precedence.--Elfbadger (talk) 14:09, 1 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Please see my attempt to rework the lead. It was indeed a matter of meat storage -> gift -> political gifts and I think the lead needs to incorporate the derivation promptly to help an outsider make sense of the term. --Matilda talk 22:48, 1 April 2008 (UTC)

 * It's better, certainly. It still doesn't sit right with me though. However, in the absence of a better suggestion, I'll give up. --Elfbadger (talk) 14:09, 2 April 2008 (UTC)

 * I don't think the word "pork" can be a synonym for "politician", but in fact "pork-barrel" or "earmark" bills are so inconceivable in Europe that there would be just named as corruption.(71.98.211.241 (talk) 19:29, 16 November 2010 (UTC))

Tagging
The article was tagged in August 2007 for POV, need of an expert on the subject, cleanup and refimprove. No comments were made on this talk page by the tagger. I suggest that in the case of references specific cites should be sought given that there are 6 references provided. I see no need for an expert, can't imagine where such an expert might come from. Without comments I don't understand what the POV issues are or what cleanup is required. Accordingly I am removing the tag pending clarification.--Matilda talk 23:31, 31 March 2008 (UTC)

Big Dig Citation
I am considering removing the part in the article referencing the price per square mile of the Big Dig, as it is partly false and not in the source. The Big Dig did more than just put part of Route 93 underground, it also extended the mass pike to logan airport (underwater) and also had route 93 and route 1 run concurrently across the charles river as opposed to splitting them apart earlier. This is a perfect example of pork barrel spending and earmarks, just the information given there (including the costs) does not include everything that was done.
 * There is no supporting evidence in the article as to why the Big Dig is pork. The definition refers to government appropriation of funds to benefit a specific population (and typically refers to legislative attempts to do so and does not include monies spent as part of executive branch spending programs). There is no reference to either public money being spent, federal money being spent (one could argue that it benefits Massachusetts generally and thus any state money would not be pork) or that it was specifically legislatively appropriated. These could in fact be the case, but a public works project that was merely expensive and got more expensive does not pork make. I'll remove later if no one objects.--Conor Kenny (talk) 21:33, 23 January 2009 (UTC)

hi — Preceding unsigned comment added by 216.162.23.65 (talk) 14:51, 26 September 2011 (UTC)

Cyclical
Are earmarks and pork barrel politics cyclical in any way, or at least in a way that would justify a hatnote from Pork cycle? --Damian Yerrick (talk | stalk) 04:00, 28 January 2012 (UTC)

Our work shown on national television. Keep it up.
Last night on the Solar News Channel (Philippines) there was a story on pork barrel and this page was shown during some b-roll. Congratulations editors. Keep up the good work. --Iloilo Wanderer (talk) 03:57, 17 September 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
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Hawaii & Philippines Edits
Hello Waldosearchparty,

I like how you summarized the section you edited on the Philippines and provided citations. The summary is concise and easy to read. The addition of the Hawaiian senator is interesting to add but it might also be good to provide a definition of earmarks or exactly how they differ from pork barrel politics. Where you add the information seems a little like a disconnect within that paragraph but if you tie it into to the next it might sound better. Cartersapphire (talk) 22:30, 11 April 2016 (UTC)

Philippine Section
I really like the Pork Barrel section in the Philippines but I worry it might be disproportionate to the other sections. Maybe porkbarrel politics in Philippines might be better served as a separate page entirely or in the Philippines politics page. I think that section is good save for a few source questions. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Waldosearchparty (talk • contribs) 23:14, 15 April 2016 (UTC)

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The sentence: "Pork barrel originally came from storing meat." has issues.
It sounds like a statement from a crude "native" character on a sixties television show. Was it Google translated from Russian? Awhit003 (talk) 01:59, 25 January 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Pork barrel


text:
Nude (disambiguation)

Being nude is the state of nudity, being unclothed.

Nude may also refer to:

Art

 * Nude (art), usually referred to as "The Nude", is a genre of art having the unclothed human body as its primary subject

 * Nude (Renoir, Belgrade, 1910), a painting by Pierre-Auguste Renoir
 * Nude (Charis, Santa Monica), a photograph taken by Edward Weston in 1936

Music

 * Nude (band), an international rock band, based in California
 * Nude Records, a record label

Albums

 * Nude (Camel album), 1981
 * Nude (Dead or Alive album), 1989
 * Nude (Remixed, Remodelled, Remixed), a remix album by Dead or Alive, 1991
 * Nude (VAST album)
 * Nude (Aco album), 1997
 * Nude (Loreen album), 2017

Songs

 * "Nude" (song), by Radiohead
 * "Nu-Di-Ty", a song by Kylie Minogue from X
 * "The Nude", a song by Catherine Wheel from Chrome
 * "Nxde" (pronounced "Nude") a song by (G)I-dle from I Love

Film

 * Nude (2017 American film), directed by Anthony B. Sacco and Josh Shade
 * Nude (2017 Marathi film), directed by Ravi Jadhav

Other uses

 * NUDE (the National Union of Domestic Employees), founded by Clotil Walcott in Trinidad and Tobago.
 * N.U.D.E.@ Natural Ultimate Digital Experiment, a 2003 video game
 * Nude, Iran, a village in Gilan Province, Iran

title: Nude (disambiguation)


text:
The Legend of Zelda (video game)

The Legend of Zelda, originally released in Japan as The Hyrule Fantasy: Zelda no Densetsu, (THE HYRULE FANTASY ゼルダの伝説) is an action-adventure game developed and published by Nintendo. The first game of The Legend of Zelda series, it is set in the fantasy land of Hyrule and centers on an elf-like boy named Link, who aims to collect the eight fragments of the Triforce of Wisdom in order to rescue Princess Zelda from Ganon. The player controls Link from a top-down perspective and navigates throughout the overworld and dungeons, collecting weapons, defeating enemies and uncovering secrets along the way.

Designed by Shigeru Miyamoto and Takashi Tezuka, it was originally released in Japan as a launch title for the Family Computer Disk System in February 1986. More than a year later, North America and Europe received releases on the Nintendo Entertainment System in cartridge format, being the first home console game to include an internal battery in the US for saving data. This version was later released in Japan in 1994 under the title The Hyrule Fantasy: Zelda no Densetsu 1. (THE HYRULE FANTASY ゼルダの伝説1) The game was ported to the GameCube and Game Boy Advance, and was available via the Virtual Console on the Wii, Nintendo 3DS and Wii U. It was also one of 30 games included in the NES Classic Edition system, and is available on the Nintendo Switch through the Nintendo Switch Online service.

The Legend of Zelda was a critical and commercial success for Nintendo. The game sold over 6.5 million copies, launched a major franchise, and has been regularly featured in lists of the greatest video games of all time. A sequel, Zelda II: The Adventure of Link, was first released in Japan for the Famicom Disk System less than a year after its predecessor, and numerous additional successors and spinoffs have been released in the decades since its debut.

Gameplay

The Legend of Zelda incorporates elements of action, adventure, and role-playing genres. The player controls Link from a flip-screen overhead perspective as he travels the overworld, a large outdoor map with various environments. Link begins the game equipped only with a small shield, but can enter a cave and receive a sword from an old man who advises, "" Throughout the adventure, Link finds and acquires various items that increase his abilities further, including Heart Containers which increase his life meter; magic rings which decrease the amount of damage Link takes from enemy attacks; and stronger swords which allow Link to inflict more damage to enemies. These items are mainly found in caves scattered throughout the land. Some are easily accessible, while others are hidden beneath obstacles such as rocks, trees, and waterfalls. Defeated enemies sometimes drop items including hearts, which refill the life meter, and Rupees, the in-game currency. Rupees can also be found in hidden treasure caves and are used to buy equipment, information, and ability upgrades.

Hidden in the overworld are entrances to eight large dungeons housing the pieces of the Triforce of Wisdom. Each dungeon has a unique maze-like layout of rooms connected by doors and secret passages, often barred by monsters (which must be defeated) or by blocks (which must be moved to gain entrance). Dungeons also contain useful items Link can add to his inventory, such as a boomerang for stunning enemies and retrieving distant items, and a magical recorder that lets Link teleport to the entrance of any dungeon he has previously cleared. Once Link has collected all eight pieces of the Triforce of Wisdom from these dungeons, he gains access to a ninth and final dungeon in order to defeat Ganon and rescue Zelda. The game may be completed by traversing any given dungeon on the overworld and is largely flexible to players, although gameplay steadily increases in difficulty, and some rooms can only be passed by using items gained in previous locations. There are dungeons with secret entrances which must be uncovered while freely wandering the overworld after acquiring useful items. This freedom allows many ways of progressing through the game. It is possible to reach the final boss without receiving the normally vital sword at its outset. The game world contains 600 separate scenes, with the overworld consisting of over 97 scenes and the underworld consisting of nine multi-scene labyrinths.

After initially completing the game, a player can begin a more difficult version referred to as the "Second Quest" (裏ゼルダ), which alters many locations, secrets, and includes entirely distinct dungeons and stronger enemies. Although more difficult "replays" were not unique to Zelda, few games offered completely different levels upon the second playthrough. By starting a new file with the name entered as "ZELDA", this mode can instead be accessed without needing to beat the game first.

Setting
Within the official Zelda Chronology, The Legend of Zelda takes place in an Era called "The Era of Decline", which exists within an alternative reality. In this era, Hyrule has been reduced to a small kingdom where the residents now live in caves, setting the background for The Legend of Zelda.

Story
The story of The Legend of Zelda is described in the instruction booklet and during the short prologue which plays after the title screen: The small kingdom of Hyrule is engulfed by chaos when an army led by Ganon, the prince of darkness, invades and steals the Triforce of Power, one part of a magical artifact which alone bestows great strength. In an attempt to prevent him from acquiring the Triforce of Wisdom, Princess Zelda splits it into eight fragments and hides them in secret underground dungeons. Before eventually being kidnapped by Ganon, she commands her nursemaid Impa to find someone courageous enough to save the kingdom. While wandering the land, the old woman is surrounded by Ganon's henchmen, when a young boy named Link appears and rescues her. Upon hearing Impa's plea, he resolves to save Zelda and sets out to reassemble the scattered fragments of the Triforce of Wisdom, with which Ganon can then be defeated.

During the course of the tale, Link locates and braves the eight underworld labyrinths, and beyond their defeated guardian monsters retrieves each fragment. With the completed Triforce of Wisdom, he is able to infiltrate Ganon's hideout in Death Mountain, confronting the prince of darkness and destroying him with the Silver Arrow. Obtaining the Triforce of Power from Ganon's ashes, Link returns it and the restored Triforce of Wisdom to the rescued Princess Zelda, and peace returns to Hyrule.

Development

The Legend of Zelda was directed and designed by Shigeru Miyamoto and Takashi Tezuka (credited as S. Miyahon and Ten Ten respectively in the closing credits). Miyamoto produced the game, and Tezuka wrote the story and script. Much of the programming was done by Toshihiko Nakago of Nintendo's partner SRD. Keiji Terui, a screenwriter who worked on anime shows such as Dr. Slump and Dragon Ball, wrote the backstory for the manual, drawing inspiration from conflicts in medieval Europe. Development began in 1984, and the game was originally intended to be a launch game for the Famicom Disk System. The development team worked on The Legend of Zelda and Super Mario Bros. concurrently, and tried to separate their ideas: Super Mario Bros. was to be linear, where the action occurred in a strict sequence, whereas The Legend of Zelda would be the opposite. In Mario, Miyamoto downplayed the importance of the high score in favor of simply completing the game. This concept was carried over to The Legend of Zelda. Miyamoto was also in charge of deciding which concepts were "Zelda ideas" or "Mario ideas". Contrasting with Mario, Zelda was made non-linear and forced the players to think about what they should do next. According to Miyamoto, those in Japan were confused and had trouble finding their way through the multi-path dungeons, and in initial game designs, the player would start with the sword already in their inventory. Rather than merely simplifying matters for players, Miyamoto forced the player to listen to the old man who gives the player their sword, and encouraged interaction among people to share their ideas with each other to find the various hidden secrets, a new form of gaming communication. Relatedly, this concept turned into the root of another series to be developed many years in the future: Miyamoto said that Zelda became the inspiration for Animal Crossing, a game based solely on communication.

With The Legend of Zelda, Miyamoto wanted to flesh out the idea of a game "world" even further, giving players a "miniature garden that they can put inside their drawer". He drew his inspiration from his experiences as a boy around Kyoto, where he explored nearby fields, woods, and caves, always trying through Zelda games to impart players some sense of that limitless wonder he felt through unknown exploration. According to Miyamoto: "When I was a child, I went hiking and found a lake. It was quite a surprise for me to stumble upon it. When I traveled around the country without a map, trying to find my way, stumbling on amazing things as I went, I realized how it felt to go on an adventure like this". The memory of being lost amid the maze of sliding doors in his family's home in Sonobe was recreated in Zelda's labyrinthian dungeons. Tezuka wrote the setting to be a fairytale adventure, taking inspiration from fantasy books such as J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings.

The hero "Link" was so named in part to connect players inserted into this world with their interactive role, as something of a blank slate representing their individuality or methods. Designed by Miyamoto as a coming of age motif to identify with, journeying as an ordinary boy strengthened by trials to triumph over great challenges and rise to meet evil. The name of the titular princess came from Zelda Fitzgerald. Miyamoto explained that "Zelda was the wife of famous novelist F. Scott Fitzgerald. She was a famous and beautiful woman from all accounts, and I liked the sound of her name. So I took the liberty of using [it] for the very first title". Early Zelda concepts involved technological elements, with microchips for the Triforce made of electronic circuits and a time-traveling hero, another factor of their name relating to the idea of a computer hyper-"link". While the final game and subsequent games in the series follow a more traditional medieval sword and sorcery setting, later entries have incorporated some technology-based concepts.

Koji Kondo (credited as Konchan) composed the game's five music tracks. He had planned to use Maurice Ravel's Boléro as the title theme but was forced to change it late in the development cycle after learning that the copyright for the orchestral piece had not yet expired. As a result, Kondo wrote a new arrangement of the overworld theme within one day, which has become an iconic motif echoing throughout continued entries of the series.

Japanese release

In February 1986, Nintendo released The Legend of Zelda as the launch game for the Family Computer's new Disk System peripheral, joined by a re-release of Super Mario Bros., Tennis, Baseball, Golf, Soccer, and Mahjong as part of the system's introduction. It made full use of Disk Card media's advantages over traditional ROM cartridges, with an increased size of 128 kilobytes which would be expensive to produce on cartridge format. Due to the still-limited amount of disk space, all of the text used in the game was from only a single syllabary known as katakana, which under normal circumstances primarily relates more to foreign words which supplement those of traditional Japanese origin as with hiragana and kanji characters. Rather than passwords, rewritable disks saved players' game progress, and the extra sound channel provided by the system was utilized for certain sound effects; most notably Link's sword beam at full health, roars and growls of dungeon bosses, and those of defeated enemies. Sound effects had to be altered for the eventual cartridge release version of Zelda which used the Famicom's PCM channel. The game also took advantage of that system's controller having a built-in microphone, a feature the NES model did not include. It was used to defeat the large-eared rabbit-like monster Pols Voice by blowing or shouting. The U.S. instruction manual still hints that this enemy "hates loud noise", confusing many into thinking the recorder item could be used to attack (in actuality, it has no effect). The cartridge version made use of the Memory Management Controller chip (specifically the MMC1 model), which could use bank-switching to allow for larger games than had previously been possible, and could also use battery-powered RAM letting players save their data for the first time on the NES.

American release

When Nintendo published the game in North America, the packaging design featured a small portion of the box cut away to reveal the unique gold-colored cartridge. In 1988, The Legend of Zelda sold two million copies. Nintendo of America sought to keep its strong base of fans; anyone who purchased a game and sent in a warranty card became a member of the Fun Club, whose members got a four-, eight- and eventually 32-page newsletter. Seven hundred copies of the first issue were sent out free of charge, but the number grew as the data bank of names got larger.

From the success of magazines in Japan, Nintendo knew that game tips were a valued asset. Players enjoyed the bimonthly newsletter's crossword puzzles and jokes, but game secrets were most valued. The Fun Club drew kids in by offering tips for the more complicated games, especially Zelda, with its hidden rooms, secret keys and passageways. The mailing list grew. By early 1988, there were over 1 million Fun Club members, which led then-Nintendo of America president Minoru Arakawa to start the Nintendo Power magazine.

Since Nintendo did not have many products, it made only a few commercials a year, meaning the quality had to be phenomenal. The budget for a single commercial could reach US$5 million, easily four or five times more than most companies spend. One of the first commercials made under Bill White, director of advertising and public relations, was the market introduction for the Legend of Zelda, which received a great deal of attention in the ad industry. In it, a wiry-haired, nerdy guy (John Kassir) walks through the dark making goofy noises, yelling out the names of some enemies from the game, and screaming for Zelda.

Re-releases
The Legend of Zelda was first re-released in cartridge format for the Famicom in 1994. The cartridge version slightly modified the title screen of the Disk Card version of the game, such that it displayed the number 1 at the end of the title. In 2001, the original game was re-released in the GameCube game Animal Crossing. The only way to unlock the game is by using an Action Replay. An official re-release was included in 2003's The Legend of Zelda: Collector's Edition for the GameCube, and the game was again re-released on the Game Boy Advance in 2004 along with its sequel, The Adventure of Link, as part of the Famicom Mini/Classic NES Series. In 2006, it was released on the Wii's Virtual Console, and a timed demo of the game was released for the 2008 Wii game Super Smash Bros. Brawl, available in the Vault section.

All re-releases of the game are virtually identical to the original, though the GameCube, Game Boy Advance, and Virtual Console versions have been altered slightly to correct several instances of incorrect spelling from the original, most notably in the intro story. A tech demo called Classic Games was shown for the Nintendo 3DS at E3 2010, showcasing more than a dozen classic games using 3D effects, including The Legend of Zelda. Reggie Fils-Aimé, president of Nintendo of America, said that the games were slated for release on the 3DS, including The Legend of Zelda, Mega Man 2, and Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island, using some of the 3DS's features, such as 3D effects, analog control, or camera support.

The Legend of Zelda was released to the Nintendo 3DS Virtual Console in September 2011, as a part of the Nintendo 3DS Ambassador program, and was later released to the Nintendo 3DS eShop on December 22 in Japan; in 2012, it was released in Europe on April 12 and on July 5 in North America. The version released to the Japanese 3DS Virtual Console was the cartridge version. The game was released for the Nintendo Switch as part of the Nintendo Switch Online - Nintendo Entertainment System service on September 18, 2018. A special "Living the life of luxury!" edition of the game, which grants players all equipment and extra items at the start of the game, was later added to the service on October 10. In November 2021, Nintendo released a Legend of Zelda edition of the Game & Watch console, similar to the rereleased Super Mario Bros. Game & Watch. This version includes the original Legend of Zelda, as well as Zelda II: Adventure of Link, and the Gameboy version of Link's Awakening. The Zelda Game & Watch also includes a modified version of the Game and Watch original, Vermin, with Link replacing Mr. Game and Watch.

Reception
The Legend of Zelda received highly positive reviews from critics and was a best-seller for Nintendo. Upon release in Japan, it sold 1 million copies on its first day of release, and sold a total of 1.69 million for the Famicom Disk System in Japan. In North America, the game was highly anticipated and topped the video game charts upon release. It became the first NES game to sell over 1 million cartridges in the United States during 1987, increasing to more than 2 million cartridges sold by 1988. It went on to sell 3 million cartridges in the United States by 1990, and eventually 6.51 million copies worldwide.

Critics lauded the graphics, Kondo's score, writing, and gameplay, hailing the latter as groundbreaking. In Japan, Famicom Tsūshin (Famitsu) magazine gave it a full score of 5 out of 5 stars, while the first Famitsu Best Hit Game Awards gave Zelda the award for best background music and listed it as the third best Game of the Year (just below Dragon Quest and Gradius). Upon release in North America, Computer Entertainer called it an "excellent" adventure game that exceeded expectations and said it had "more to offer than the typical hack-and-slash" epics, with "monsters to fight, secret doors to discover, and plenty of frustration" rewarded with new treasures, weapons, experience, places and discoveries. The review also praised the "very appealing" and "beautiful, fairy-tale" quality, the battery backup save feature, the "charming graphics, superb original music, excellent animation, and smooth transitions in scrolling between locations". They called it "an incredibly rich, deep gaming experience that goes far beyond the typical cartridge game" with appeal "to both male and female players" of all ages, making it a "must-have" for every Nintendo owner. Computer Gaming World in 1988 named the game as the best adventure of the year, stating that Zelda had been a "sensational success" in bringing elements of computer action-adventures to consoles. In 1990, the magazine implied that the game was a killer app, causing computer RPG players who had dismissed consoles as "mere arcade toys" to buy the NES.

Upon release in Europe, Tony Takoushi reviewed the game in British magazine Computer and Video Games and called it a massive arcade adventure packed full of dragons, imprisoned princesses, traps and pitfalls. They said it has "an enormous country to examine" with "dozens of things to collect" along with hidden power-ups and bonuses, while praising the "supreme" playability and the "excellent" graphics and sound, but they criticized the "hefty" price tag of £39 or US$ in the United Kingdom. ACE magazine reviewed the game in 1989, calling it a "role-playing epic" that proves "consoles can be just as good at role-playing games as they are for arcade entertainment" while listing it as one of the top four best games available for the NES (along with Super Mario Bros., Mike Tyson's Punch-Out and Super Mario Bros. 2). Zelda was reviewed in 1992 by Total! where it received a 78% rating due in great part to mediocre sub-scores for music and graphics. A 1993 review of the game was printed in American magazine Dragon #198 by Sandy Petersen in the "Eye of the Monitor" column, scoring the game 4 out of 5 stars.

It was reissued in 1992 as part of Nintendo's "Classic Series" and featured a grey cartridge. The game placed first in the player's poll "Top 30" in Nintendo Power's first issue and continued to dominate the list into the early 1990s. The Legend of Zelda was also voted by Nintendo Power readers as the "Best Challenge" in the Nintendo Power Awards '88. The magazine also listed it as the best Nintendo Entertainment System video game ever created, stating that it was fun despite its age and innovated on the genre. GamesRadar ranked it the third best NES game ever made. The staff praised its "mix of complexity, open world design, and timeless graphics".

The Legend of Zelda has received critical acclaim from modern critics and remains well regarded. It is often featured in lists of games considered the greatest or most influential. In 1995, Flux ranked the game 2nd on its "Top 100 Video Games". It placed first in Game Informers list of the "Top 100 Games of All Time" and "The Top 200 Games of All Time" (in 2001 and 2009 respectively), thirteenth in Electronic Gaming Monthlys 100th issue listing the "100 Best Games of All Time", fifth in Electronic Gaming Monthlys 200th issue listing "The Greatest 200 Videogames of Their Time", seventh in Nintendo Powers list of the 200 Best Nintendo Games Ever, 77th in Official Nintendo Magazine's 100 greatest Nintendo games of all time and 80th among IGN readers' "Top 99 Games". Zelda was inducted into GameSpy's Hall of Fame in August 2000 and voted by GameSpy's editors as the tenth best game of all time. Editors of the popular Japanese magazine Weekly Famitsu voted the game among the best on the Famicom. In 1997 Next Generation listed the North American release in their "Five Greatest Game Packages of All Time", citing the die-cut hole which revealed the gold cartridge, full color manual, and fold-out map. In 2016, The Strong National Museum of Play inducted The Legend of Zelda to its World Video Game Hall of Fame.

Legacy
The Legend of Zelda is considered a spiritual forerunner of the modern action role-playing video game (RPG) genre. Though it is often not considered part of the genre since it lacked key RPG mechanics such as experience points, it had many features in common with RPGs and served as the template for the action role-playing game genre. The game's fantasy setting, musical style and action-adventure gameplay were adopted by many RPGs. Its commercial success helped lay the groundwork for involved, non-linear games in fantasy settings, such as those found in successful RPGs, including Crystalis, Soul Blazer, Square's Seiken Densetsu series, Alundra, and Brave Fencer Musashi. The popularity of the game also spawned several clones trying to emulate the game. Despite this, Miyamoto did not consider Zelda an RPG, but classified Zelda as "a real-time adventure game"; he said he was "not interested in systems where everything in the game is decided by stats and numbers" but what's "important to me is to preserve as much of that "live" feeling as possible" which he said "action games are better suited in conveying" to players.

The Legend of Zelda spawned a solitary sequel, many prequels and spin-offs and is one of Nintendo's most popular series. It established important characters and environments of the Zelda universe, including Link, Princess Zelda, Ganon, Impa, and the Triforce as the power that binds Hyrule together. The overworld theme and distinctive "secret found" jingle have appeared in nearly every subsequent Zelda game. The theme has also appeared in various other games featuring references to the Zelda series.

An arcade system board, called the Triforce, was developed jointly by Namco, Sega, and Nintendo, with the first games appearing in 2002. The name "Triforce" is a reference to Nintendo's The Legend of Zelda series of games, and symbolized the three companies' involvement in the project.

GameSpot featured The Legend of Zelda as one of the 15 most influential games of all time, for being an early example of open world, nonlinear gameplay, and for its introduction of battery backup saving worldwide, to laying the foundations for later action-adventure games like Metroid and role-playing video games like Final Fantasy, while influencing most modern games in general. In 2009, Game Informer called The Legend of Zelda "no less than the greatest game of all time" on their list of "The Top 200 Games of All Time", saying that it was "ahead of its time by years if not decades".

In 2011, Nintendo celebrated the game's 25th anniversary in a similar vein to the Super Mario Bros. 25th anniversary celebration the previous year. This celebration included a free mailout Club Nintendo offer of the Ocarina of Time soundtrack to owners of the 3DS version of that particular game, the first digital for Nintendo eShop release of Link's Awakening DX, special posters that are mailed out as rewards through Club Nintendo, and a special stage inspired by the original Legend of Zelda in the video game Super Mario 3D Land for the Nintendo 3DS.

Sequels
There have also been a few substantially altered versions of the game that have been released as pseudo-sequels, and ura- or gaiden-versions. As part of a promotional advertisement campaign for their charumera (チャルメラ) noodles, Myojo Foods Co., Ltd. (明星食品) released a version of the original The Legend of Zelda in 1986, Zelda no Densetsu: Teikyō Charumera (ゼルダの伝説　提供　チャルメラ). It is one of the rarest video games available on the second-hand collector's market, and copies have sold for over US$1000.

From August 6 to September 2, 1995, Nintendo, in collaboration with the St.GIGA satellite radio network, began broadcasts of a substantially different version of the original The Hyrule Fantasy: Legend of Zelda for a Super Famicom peripheral, the Satellaview—a satellite modem add-on. The game, BS Zelda no Densetsu (BS ゼルダの伝説), was released for download in four episodic, weekly installments which were rebroadcast at least four times between the game's 1995 premiere and January 1997. BS Zelda was the first Satellaview game to feature a "SoundLink" soundtrack—a streaming audio track through which, every few minutes, players were cautioned to listen carefully as a voice actor narrator, broadcasting live from the St.GIGA studio, would give them plot and gameplay clues. In addition to the SoundLink elements, BS Zelda also featured updated 16-bit graphics, a smaller overworld, and different dungeons. Link was replaced by one of the two Satellaview avatars: a boy wearing a backward baseball cap or a girl with red hair.

Between December 30, 1995, and January 6, 1996, a second version of the game, BS Zelda no Densetsu MAP 2 (BS ゼルダの伝説ＭＡＰ２), was broadcast to the Satellaview as the functional equivalent of the original The Legend of Zelda's Second Quest. MAP 2 was rebroadcast only once, in March 1996.

title: The Legend of Zelda (video game)


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Talk:List of LGBT-related films

Since when is LBGT a movie category
Can you give me a reason for why thise whole article/section shouldn't be deleted? Does IMDB, Rotten Tomatoes or say the New Yorker list it as such? Should we then include as a category of film every possible subject? Personally I feel passionate about LBGT issues but I am seeing to much of this crap all over Wikipedia and it needs to stop. Don't use it as a place to flaunt your political opinions. LBGT is the subject of the film. It can then be a horror film, a thriller, an erotic film or what ever else. As it is listed now as a category or genré is wrong!46.59.36.37 (talk) 00:35, 24 February 2013 (UTC)
 * In a way yes. And from another point of view: In 2020 nearly 25 % of all new released films hat a LBGT person in the story line. So in a couple of years this article - in its present form - will be redundant/largely incomplete.
 * What would make sense, however, would be an article about the historic "appearance" of LBGT characters/topics in films.
 * Remember: As long as LBGT (people, stories, situations) are confined to separate lists they will be considered as "outside the norm". They will become "part of normal" if they don't have to be confined to list articles anymore. 78.126.219.113 (talk) 12:10, 5 February 2022 (UTC)
 * While I appreciate your optimism, I seriously doubt that will happen even in a couple years. I would even gather that it will never happen. Historyday01 (talk) 14:57, 5 February 2022 (UTC)
 * One, you don't know that. Two, your subtle homophobia is not needed here or anywhere, really. Keep your personal bigotry to yourself. 「Hype Boy」 TALK 10:57, 25 May 2024 (UTC)

Film: Wings 1927
Sorry, My name is Miguel and I need use de Translate (My English is painful, I know).

Hi. In your list on LGBT cinema, I don't think you have included a film that, not only me, but IMDB itself, qualifies within a clear bisexual subtext:

Wings, 1927, by William A. Wellman, Harry d'Abbadie d'Arrast ( uncredited).

I think it has more merits than others on the list to be on it.

I have seen the movie and there are scenes that go beyond romance, not ambiguous looks, and shows an affection between men more than buried. In case you want to consider it.

Miguel Vega90.166.50.232 (talk) 08:47, 9 January 2021 (UTC)

Sources for films that do not have a Wikipedia article
This list is in need of reliable sources for the films that don't have Wikipedia articles about them. Where is the proof that they involve "", as claimed in the lead? WP:RS states: "The verifiability policy is strictly applied to all material in the mainspace—articles, lists, and sections of articles—without exception...." WP:SOURCELIST states: "Lists, whether they are stand-alone lists (also called list articles) or embedded lists, are encyclopedic content just as paragraph-only articles or sections are. Therefore, all individual items on the list must follow Wikipedia's content policies: the core content policies of Verifiability (through good sources in the item's one or more references), No original research, and Neutral point of view, plus the other content policies as well." Pyxis Solitary  (yak yak). Ol' homo. 04:03, 24 December 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of LGBT-related films


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Guisborough

Guisborough is a market town and civil parish in the borough of Redcar and Cleveland, North Yorkshire, England. It lies north of the North York Moors National Park. Roseberry Topping, midway between the town and Great Ayton, is a landmark in the national park. At the 2011 census, the civil parish with outlying Upleatham, Dunsdale and Newton under Roseberry had a population of 17,777, of which 16,979 were in the town's built-up area. It was governed by an urban district and rural district in the North Riding of Yorkshire.

Etymology
Assessing the origin of the name Guisborough, Albert Hugh Smith commented that it was "difficult". From its first attestation in the Domesday Book into the 16th century, the second part sometimes derived from the originally Old English word burh ('town, fortification') and sometimes from the Old English word -burn ('stream'). It seems that the settlement was simply known by both names, the -burh/-borough forms predominate in the historical record and this survives today.

The origin of the first element is uncertain: Smith's best guess was from the Old Norse personal name Gígr in its genitive Gígs. If so, Guisborough once meant "Gígr's town". To this day the first element has a different spelling for the town from Gisborough Priory and Gisborough Hall in the town.

Roman

Some archaeologists date the town to the Roman occupation, when it may have been a military fortification. The discoveries of a few Roman artefacts such as the elaborate ceremonial Guisborough Helmet, support this but proof is still lacking.

The Guisborough Helmet is a Roman cavalry helmet found near the town in 1864. Its original protective cheek-pieces have not survived but the attachment holes can be seen in front of the helmet's ear guards. It is lavishly decorated with engraved and embossed figures indicating that it was probably used for display or cavalry tournaments, although possibly for battle as well. It was unearthed in what appears to be a carefully arranged deposition in a bed of gravel, distant from any known Roman sites. After its recovery during roadworks it was donated to the British Museum for restoration and display.

Medieval
Gighesbore is recorded in the Domesday Book in 1086 as a place within Langbaurgh Wapentake or hundred.

The ruined Gisborough Priory dates from the 12th century.

Victorian era
The town shared in the prosperity of the Industrial Revolution by being close to the ironstone mines of the North York Moors. One of the area's ironfounders, Sir Joseph Whitwell Pease, chose as his country seat the Gothic revival Hutton Hall designed by Alfred Waterhouse, at Hutton Lowcross, near Guisborough. Gisborough Hall, a Victorian mansion, owned by the Chaloner family, was built in a Jacobean revival style in 1856. It is a Grade II listed building, but has undergone conversion into a hotel.

Recent history
Guisborough station was on the Middlesbrough–Guisborough branch of the North Eastern Railway; it closed in 1964. Extensive residential development occurred in the 1960s and 1970s, linked to the expansion of the chemical industry at Wilton and the steel industry at Redcar.

Governance

Guisborough's county authority since 1889, the North Riding of Yorkshire, was disbanded in 1974. The town was in the county of Cleveland's Langbaurgh borough from 1974 to 1996 and is now in the Redcar and Cleveland unitary authority borough of North Yorkshire.

Guisborough Town Hall was built on Westgate in 1821. When built, it was arcaded with shambles on the ground floor and an assembly room on the first. The two-storey building was topped with a third storey in 1870. In 2015 Redcar and Cleveland Council acquired the building at auction and subsequently announced plans to redevelop it with financial support from the National Lottery Heritage Fund and Tees Valley Combined Authority, the building reopened in April 2022. This building now hosts tea afternoons on Thursdays.

Religion
The Anglican Church of St Nicholas houses the De Brus Cenotaph. A church may have existed here in 1290. The chancel of the present one dates from the late 15th century and the nave and interior have been altered. The church in its present form resulted from major rebuilding in 1903–1908, to a design by Temple Moore.

Community
Guisborough is the home of the East Cleveland Explorer Scout Unit for those aged 14–18, affiliated to the Scout Association. Activities include work on The Duke of Edinburgh's Award, Young Leaders volunteering, and over 200 different adventure activities. It has about 30 members. The 3rd Guisborough Scout Group (The Pioneers) at Belmangate was established in 1974.

There is also a group of volunteer trail builders working to provide free mountain-bike trails in the local forest. Local musicians are catered for at an open mic/jam session every Wednesday night.

Education
Primary education is provided at Belmont, Galley Hill, Highcliffe, St Paulinus (Roman Catholic) and Chaloner Primary. Laurence Jackson School, an amalgamation of the earlier Northgate Junior and Park Lane schools at the eastern end of the town, is the only secondary school, and doubles as a Specialist Sports College. It marked its 50th anniversary in 2008.

Prior Pursglove College, a sixth-form college for GCSE, A level and AS level students, stands next to the parish church and priory ruins on the former site of Guisborough Grammar School, which it replaced after changes in the education system. It had been founded in 1561 by Robert Pursglove, the last Prior of Gisborough, as a charitable school for poor boys. It was accompanied by a set of almshouses for twelve pensioners.

Askham Bryan College of Agriculture has opened a Guisborough Centre on the same site as Prior Pursglove College. It consists of an animal management centre and a modern building, the Priory Centre, which the two colleges share.

Road
Two main roads cross at Guisborough, the A171 leading west to Middlesbrough and east to Whitby, and the A173 south-west to Stokesley and north-east as far as Skelton, where it joins the A174 coast road. Before the bypass was built, the A171 ran along Westgate, the town's main street, crossing the A173 at Chapel Beck Bridge. Just beyond the bypass to the north-east, a B-road heads north from the A173 to Redcar. Another minor route out of town, Wilton Lane, is a winding, almost single-track road running north to the village of Wilton and on to the ICI Wilton chemical works. There are two other lanes that lead out of town into the hills. Hutton Lane ends at Hutton Village, built mostly for local mining, agricultural and estate workers. Belmangate is an ancient funeral route.

Paths
The south of the town is bounded by the North York Moors National Park. Guisborough Forest, which is Forestry England land, clothes the edge of the moors. Through the forest, the ground climbs sharply from the plain to the moors behind. There are several rocky outcrops on the steep slope, including Highcliff Nab and the Hanging Stone. The woods are crossed by several rights of way, including Cleveland Way, but other paths and commission tracks are also open to walkers. Beyond the woods, the ground levels out to form Gisborough Moor.

Railway station
Until 1964, Guisborough was served by trains from Middlesbrough – the Middlesbrough & Guisborough Railway had its terminus at the now-demolished Guisborough station. Before 1958 it was possible to travel from Guisborough to Whitby and Scarborough, along the scenic North Yorkshire coast railway.

Economy
Guisborough market is held on Thursday and Saturday with a few stalls on Tuesday. Originally selling cattle and other livestock, the market developed into a general market for fruit and vegetables, clothing and flowers. It opens from early morning to late afternoon on the restored cobbles of Westgate, the main shopping street. Guisborough Museum, behind Westgate's Sunnyfield House, shows photographs of Guisborough's history and inhabitants.

One main employer in the town was The Shirt Factory. Towards the end of its existence it was acquired by Montague Burton of Leeds, but it closed in 1999. Other former employers were Blackett Hutton and Co., maker of medium high-integrity castings, and the civil engineering firm Henderson Campbell.

There is a working watermill at Tocketts Mill. On 15 January 2004, Guisborough was granted Fairtrade Town status. It is a commuter town for nearby Middlesbrough and has many working in the chemical plants around Teesside.

Sport
Guisborough Town FC, founded in 1973, play in as of the 2023-24 season. The King George V Ground, which hosts the club's home matches, is named after the king.

King George's Fields, adjacent to the football club, is a playing field with a small playground and a skate park. There is a swimming pool, built in 1968, at the fields. An eight-year campaign led by the late MP, Dr Ashok Kumar, secured the pool's refurbishment, which was completed in 2008–2009.

Guisborough Rugby Union Football club plays in Durham/Northumberland 2 division in the 2021–22 season. The area's constituent body is the Yorkshire Rugby Football Union, able to compete in the region's Silver Trophy.

Guisborough Cricket Club plays in the NYSD cricket league. In 2001–04 it equalled its record of four successive league wins. Past players have included the professionals Murray Goodwin (Sussex and Zimbabwe), Desmond Haynes and Phil Simmons (both West Indies), Imran Jan (Trinidad and Tobago), Sean Clingeleffer (Tasmania) and Greg Todd (Otago).

Media
Local news and television programmes are provided by BBC North East and Cumbria and ITV Tyne Tees. Television signals are received from the Bilsdale and the local relay TV transmitters.

Local radio stations are BBC Radio Tees, Capital North East, Smooth North East, Heart North East, and Zetland FM, a community based radio station which broadcast from its studio in Redcar.

The town is served by the local newspapers TeessideLive and The Northern Echo.

Notable people

 * Willie Applegarth (1890–1958), Olympic track and field athlete
 * John Gilbert Baker (1836–1920), botanist
 * Mark Benton (born 1965), character actor
 * Robert de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale (died before 1138), Norman baron and knight, founder of the Bruce dynasty of Scotland and England
 * John Bulmer (1867–1917), first-class cricketer
 * Bob Champion (born 1948), steeplechase jockey who won the 1981 Grand National, despite being recently diagnosed with cancer
 * Henry Savile Clarke (1841–1893), dramatist and critic
 * James Coppinger (born 1981), professional footballer with Doncaster Rovers
 * Ralph Gaudie (1876–1951), professional footballer, notably with Arsenal
 * Sean Gregan (born 1974), professional footballer
 * Robert Holman (1952-2021), writer
 * Lawry Lewin (born 1985), television actor
 * Rod Liddle (born 1960), journalist, at school in Guisborough
 * Katy Livingston (born 1984), Olympic modern pentathlete
 * Richard Milward (born 1984), novelist
 * Elinor Lyon (1921–2008), children's writer born in the town
 * Alan Ramage (born 1957), cricketer
 * Mark Robinson (born 1981), footballer with Guisborough Town
 * Selina Scott (born 1951), head girl at Laurence Jackson School, later newsreader and presenter of The Clothes Show
 * J. Denis Summers-Smith (born 1920), Scottish-born ornithologist and tribologist
 * Walter of Guisborough (fl. 13th c.), medieval chronicler
 * Thomas Ward (1652–1708), author who converted to Catholicism
 * Joseph Whitehead (1814–1894), Canadian railway pioneer and political figure
 * Will Muir, professional rugby union player

Climate
The area generally has warm summers and relatively mild winters. During the year, on average there is around 650mm of rainfall.

title: Guisborough