text:
1936 in music

This is a list of notable events in music that took place in the year 1936.

Specific locations

 * 1936 in British music
 * 1936 in Norwegian music

Specific genres

 * 1936 in country music
 * 1936 in jazz

Events

 * January 4 – Billboard magazine publishes its first music hit parade
 * January 28 – An article "Muddle Instead of Music" is published anonymously, almost certainly with Stalin's approval, in the Soviet newspaper Pravda, denouncing Dmitri Shostakovich's opera Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District.
 * March 28 – Inaugural concert of the São Paulo City Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Ernst Mehlich
 * April 19 – In Barcelona, Alban Berg's Violin Concerto is given its première, by Louis Krasner
 * May 2 – Peter and the Wolf (Петя и волк, Petya i volk), a Russian fairy tale of Sergei Prokofiev's composition, is premièred at the Nezlobin Theater in Moscow, Soviet Union, but attracts little attention at this time.
 * May – Shostakovich completes composition of his Symphony No. 4, but withdraws it from its planned premiere in December and it is not first performed until 1961.
 * December 24 – Release of the film Natalka Poltavka in Ukraine, the first filmed Russian opera.
 * Nat King Cole's recording career begins.
 * Count Basie begins recording with his own band, which includes Lester Young.
 * José Iturbi becomes conductor of the Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra in the United States.
 * John Serry Sr. begins extended appearances at the Star Light Roof in the Waldorf Astoria Hotel with the Lester Lanin Orchestra in New York City.

Published popular music

 * "At The Codfish Ball" words: Sidney D. Mitchell, music: Lew Pollack. Introduced by Shirley Temple and Buddy Ebsen in the film Captain January
 * "Au Revoir (But Not Goodbye)" w.m. Joe Gilbert
 * "Awake in a Dream" w. Leo Robin m. Frederick Hollander. Introduced by Marlene Dietrich in the film Desire.
 * "Bojangles Of Harlem" w. Dorothy Fields m. Jerome Kern. Introduced by Fred Astaire in the film Swing Time.
 * "By Strauss" w. Ira Gershwin m. George Gershwin. Introduced by Gracie Barrie and Robert Shafter in the revue The Show Is On
 * "Christopher Columbus" w. Andy Razaf m. Leon Berry
 * "Cloudy" m. Mary Lou Williams
 * "Cool Water" w.m. Bob Nolan
 * "Does Your Heart Beat For Me?" w. Mitchell Parish m. Russ Morgan
 * "Down in the Depths (On the Ninetieth Floor)" w.m. Cole Porter. Introduced by Ethel Merman in the musical Red, Hot and Blue.
 * "Easy To Love" w.m. Cole Porter. Introduced by James Stewart and reprised by Frances Langford in the film Born to Dance
 * "Empty Saddles (in the Old Corral)" w. J. Keirn Brennan m. Billy Hill
 * "Everybody Swing" w. Sidney Clare m. Harry Akst
 * "Fancy Meeting You" w. E. Y. Harburg m. Harold Arlen. Introduced by Dick Powell and Jeanne Madden in the film Stage Struck.
 * "Farewell To Dreams" w. Gus Kahn m. Sigmund Romberg
 * "A Fine Romance" w. Dorothy Fields m. Jerome Kern. Introduced by Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers in the film Swing Time.
 * "Gee! But You're Swell" w. Charles Tobias m. Abel Baer
 * "Get Thee Behind Me Satan" w.m. Irving Berlin. Introduced by Harriet Hilliard in the film Follow the Fleet
 * "Glad To Be Unhappy" w. Lorenz Hart m. Richard Rodgers. Introduced by Doris Carson and David Morris in the musical On Your Toes
 * "Gloomy Sunday" w. (Eng) Sam M. Lewis m. Rezső Seress
 * "The Glory of Love" w.m. Billy Hill
 * "Goodnight, Irene" w.m. Huddie "Leadbelly" Ledbetter
 * "Goodnight My Love" w. Harry Revel m. Mack Gordon
 * "Goody Goody" w.m. Johnny Mercer & Matty Malneck
 * "Has Anybody Seen Our Ship?" w.m. Noël Coward
 * "He Ain't Got Rhythm" w.m. Irving Berlin. Introduced by Alice Faye in the film On the Avenue.
 * "He Hasn't a Thing Except Me" w. Ira Gershwin m. Vernon Duke. Introduced by Fanny Brice in the revue Ziegfeld Follies of 1936.
 * "I Can't Escape From You" w.m. Leo Robin & Richard A. Whiting. Introduced by Bing Crosby in the film Rhythm on the Range.
 * "I Love To Sing-a" w. E. Y. Harburg m. Harold Arlen. Introduced by Al Jolson and Cab Calloway in the film The Singing Kid.
 * "If I Should Lose You" w. Leo Robin m. Ralph Rainger. Introduced by Gladys Swarthout and John Boles in the film Rose of the Rancho.
 * "I'm an Old Cowhand (From the Rio Grande)" w.m. Johnny Mercer. Introduced by Bing Crosby in the film Rhythm on the Range.
 * "I'm in the Mood for Love" Introduced by Darla Hood in a clubhouse and Carl "Alfalfa" Switzer on a radio in the Our Gang (Little Rascals) short, The Pinch Singer (1936).
 * "I'm Putting All My Eggs in One Basket" w.m. Irving Berlin. Introduced by Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers in the film Follow the Fleet.
 * "In the Chapel in the Moonlight" w.m. Billy Hill
 * "Is It True What They Say About Dixie?" w. Irving Caesar & Sammy Lerner
 * "It's a Sin to Tell a Lie" w.m. Billy Mayhew
 * "It's De-Lovely" w.m. Cole Porter. Introduced by Ethel Merman and Bob Hope in the musical Red, Hot and Blue
 * "It's Got to Be Love" w. Lorenz Hart m. Richard Rodgers. Introduced by Ray Bolger and Doris Carson in the musical On Your Toes.
 * "I've Got a Feelin' You're Foolin'" w. Arthur Freed m. Nacio Herb Brown
 * "I've Got You Under My Skin" w.m. Cole Porter. Introduced by Virginia Bruce in the film Born to Dance.
 * "Keep a Twinkle In Your Eye" Johnny Mercer, Rube Bloom
 * "Let Yourself Go" w.m. Irving Berlin. Introduced by Ginger Rogers in the film Follow the Fleet
 * "Let's Call a Heart a Heart" w. Johnny Burke m. Arthur Johnston from the film Pennies From Heaven
 * "Let's Face the Music and Dance" w.m. Irving Berlin. Introduced by Fred Astaire in the film Follow the Fleet.
 * "Life Begins at Forty" Yellen, Shapiro
 * "Little Old Lady" w. Stanley Adams m. Hoagy Carmichael
 * "The Love Bug Will Bite You" w.m. Pinky Tomlin
 * "Me and the Moon" w. Walter Hirsch m. Lou Handman
 * "Moonburn" w. Edward Heyman m. Hoagy Carmichael. Introduced by Bing Crosby in the film Anything Goes
 * "Moonlight and Shadows" w. Leo Robin m. Frederick Hollander. Introduced by Dorothy Lamour in the film The Jungle Princess
 * "Music in May" w. Christopher Hassall m. Ivor Novello. Introduced by Dorothy Dickson in the musical Careless Rapture
 * "Never Gonna Dance" w. Dorothy Fields m. Jerome Kern. Introduced by Fred Astaire in the film Swing Time
 * "The Night Is Young and You're So Beautiful" w. Billy Rose & Irving Kahal m. Dana Suesse
 * "On The Beach At Bali-Bali" w.m. Al Sherman, Jack Meskill & Abner Silver
 * "The One Rose (That's Left In My Heart)" w.m. Del Lyon & Lani McIntyre
 * "One, Two, Button Your Shoe" w. Johnny Burke m. Arthur Johnston
 * "Oooh! Look-A There, Ain't She Pretty?" w. Clarence Todd m. Carmen Lombardo
 * "Organ Grinder's Swing" w. Mitchell Parish & Irving Mills m. Will Hudson
 * "Pennies from Heaven" w. Johnny Burke m. Arthur Johnston
 * "Pick Yourself Up" w. Dorothy Fields m. Jerome Kern. Introduced by Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers in the film Swing Time
 * "Play, Orchestra, Play" w.m. Noël Coward
 * "Poinciana" w. (Sp) Manuel Lliso (Eng) Buddy Bernier m. Nat Simon
 * "Poor Little Angeline" w.m. Will Grosz & Jimmy Kennedy
 * "Rainbow on the River" w. Paul Francis Webster m. Louis Alter
 * "Ridin' High" w.m. Cole Porter
 * "San Francisco" w. Gus Kahn m. Bronislaw Kaper & Walter Jurmann
 * "Sing Me A Swing Song" w. Stanley Adams m. Hoagy Carmichael
 * "Sing, Sing, Sing" w.m. Louis Prima
 * "Slaughter on Tenth Avenue" m. Richard Rodgers
 * "There's A Bridle Hangin' On The Wall" w.m. Carson Robison
 * "There's a Small Hotel" w. Lorenz Hart m. Richard Rodgers
 * "To You, Sweetheart, Aloha" w.m. Harry Owens
 * "Too Good for the Average Man" w. Lorenz Hart m. Richard Rodgers
 * "The Touch Of Your Lips" w.m. Ray Noble
 * Until the Real Thing Comes Along w. Sammy Cahn, Mann Holiner m. Saul Chaplin, Alberta Nichols, L.E. Freeman. (A substantially different version of the song by Nichols and Holiner appeared in the 1931 Broadway revue Rhapsody in Black as "Till the Real Thing Comes Along".)
 * "Waltz In Swingtime" w. Dorothy Fields m. Jerome Kern
 * "The Way You Look Tonight" w. Dorothy Fields m. Jerome Kern. Introduced by Fred Astaire in the film Swing Time
 * "We Saw The Sea" w.m. Irving Berlin. Introduced by Fred Astaire in the film Follow the Fleet
 * "When a Lady Meets a Gentleman Down South" w.m. Michael Cleary, Jacques Krakeur & David Oppenheim
 * "When Did You Leave Heaven?" w. Walter Bullock m. Richard A. Whiting
 * "When I'm With You" w. Mack Gordon m. Harry Revel. Introduced by Shirley Temple and Tony Martin in the film Poor Little Rich Girl.
 * "When My Dreamboat Comes Home" w.m. Cliff Friend & Dave Franklin
 * "The Window Cleaner" George Formby, Gifford, Cliffe
 * "With My Shillelagh Under My Arm" w.m. Billy O'Brien & Raymond Wallace
 * "With Plenty of Money and You" w. Al Dubin m. Harry Warren
 * "Would You?" w. Arthur Freed m. Nacio Herb Brown
 * "You (Gee But You're Wonderful)" w. Harold Adamson m. Walter Donaldson
 * "You Can't Pull the Wool Over My Eyes" w.m. Milton Ager, Charles Newman & Murray Mencher
 * "You Gotta S-M-I-L-E to Be H-A-P-P-Y" w.m. Mack Gordon & Harry Revel
 * "You Turned The Tables On Me" w. Sidney D. Mitchell m. Louis Alter
 * "You Were There" w.m. Noël Coward
 * "(If You Can't Sing It) You'll Have to Swing It (Mr. Paganini)" w.m. Sam Coslow

Top popular recordings 1936
The twenty popular records listed below were extracted from Joel Whitburn's Pop Memories 1890-1954, record sales reported on the "Discography of American Historical Recordings" website, and other sources as specified. Numerical rankings are approximate, they are only used as a frame of reference.

Compositions

 * Grażyna Bacewicz – Trio for Oboe, Violin and Piano
 * Samuel Barber –
 * Symphony No. 1, Op. 9
 * String Quartet, Op. 11
 * Béla Bartók – Music for Strings, Percussion and Celesta
 * Arnold Bax –
 * Threnody and Scherzo
 * String Quartet No. 3 in F major
 * Ernest Bloch – Voice in the Wilderness
 * Benjamin Britten – Three Divertimenti for String Quartet
 * Carlos Chávez – Sinfonía india (Symphony No. 2)
 * Aaron Copland – El Salón México
 * Henry Cowell – String Quartet No. 4, "United"
 * David Diamond –
 * Violin Concerto No. 1
 * Concerto for String Quartet
 * John Fernström – Clarinet Concerto
 * Berthold Goldschmidt – String Quartet No. 2
 * Paul Hindemith – Trauermusik (Funeral Music)
 * Alan Hovhaness – Cello Concerto
 * Aram Khachaturian – Piano Concerto
 * Bohuslav Martinů – Concerto for Flute, Violin and Chamber Orchestra
 * Olivier Messiaen – Poèmes pour Mi, song cycle for piano and soprano
 * Sergei Prokofiev –
 * Peter and the Wolf, for narrator and orchestra
 * Romeo and Juliet (ballet)
 * Russian Overture for orchestra
 * Sergei Rachmaninoff – Symphony No. 3
 * Albert Roussel – Concertino for Cello and Orchestra
 * Edmund Rubbra –
 * Sinfonia Concertante
 * Symphony No. 1, Op. 44
 * Arnold Schoenberg –
 * Violin Concerto, Op. 36 (1935–36)
 * String Quartet No. 4, Op. 37
 * Roger Sessions – String Quartet No. 1
 * Dmitri Shostakovich – Symphony No. 4 in C minor, Op. 43 (1935–1936)
 * Edgard Varèse – Density 21.5
 * Ralph Vaughan Williams – Dona Nobis Pacem
 * Anton Webern – Variations for Piano (1935–1936)
 * Percy Whitlock – Sonata for Organ in C minor

Opera

 * Franco Alfano – Cyrano de Bergerac
 * George Enescu – Œdipe, op. 23 (completed by 1931); first staged March 13, 1935, at the Paris Opera
 * Emmerich Kálmán – Kaiserin Josephine
 * Bohuslav Martinů – Divadlo za branou (Theater Behind the Gate)
 * Gian Carlo Menotti – Amelia Goes to the Ball

Film

 * Arthur Bliss – Things to Come
 * Benjamin Britten – Peace of Britain
 * Benjamin Britten – The Way to the Sea
 * Erich Korngold – Anthony Adverse

Musical theatre

 * Balalaika London production opened at the Adelphi Theatre on December 22 and ran for 570 performances.
 * Careless Rapture (Ivor Novello) – London production opened at the Theatre Royal on September 11 and ran for 295 performances.
 * New Faces Of 1936 Broadway revue opened at the Vanderbilt Theatre on May 19 and ran for 193 performances.
 * On Your Toes Broadway production opened on April 11 at the Imperial Theatre and ran for 315 performances.
 * Over She Goes (Music: Billy Mayerl Lyrics: Desmond Carter & Frank Eyton Book: Stanley Lupino) London production opened at the Saville Theatre on September 23 and ran for 248 performances
 * Red, Hot and Blue Broadway production opened on October 29 at the Alvin Theatre and ran for 183 performances.
 * The Show Is On Broadway revue opened at the Winter Garden Theatre on December 25 and ran for 237 performances.
 * Swing Along London production opened at the Gaiety Theatre on September 2 and ran for 311 performances
 * This'll Make You Whistle London production opened at the Palace Theatre on September 15 and transferred to Daly's Theatre on January 21, 1937, for a total run of 190 performances. Starred Jack Buchanan and Elsie Randolph
 * Tonight at 8.30 London production opened at the Phoenix Theatre on January 9 and ran for 157 performances.
 * The White Horse Inn Broadway production opened on October 1 at the Center Theatre and ran for 223 performances.

Musical films

 * Anything Goes starring Bing Crosby and Ethel Merman
 * Born to Dance released November 27 starring Eleanor Powell, Virginia Bruce, James Stewart, Frances Langford, Buddy Ebsen and the vocal group The Foursome.
 * Cain and Mabel starring Marion Davies, Clark Gable and Allen Jenkins
 * Can This Be Dixie? starring Jane Withers, Slim Summerville, Helen Wood and Thomas Beck. Directed by George Marshall
 * Captain January starring Shirley Temple, Guy Kibbee and Slim Summerville. Directed by David Butler.
 * Circus, starring Lyubov Orlova and directed by Grigori Aleksandrov, with music by Isaak Dunayevsky
 * Collegiate released January 22 starring Jack Oakie and Frances Langford and featuring songwriters Mack Gordon and Harry Revel.
 * Dancing Pirate starring Charles Collins, Frank Morgan and Steffi Duna
 * Everybody Dance starring Cicely Courtneidge
 * Everything Is Rhythm starring Harry Roy and Princess Pearl and featuring Mabel Mercer
 * Follow the Fleet starring Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers
 * The Great Ziegfeld starring William Powell, Myrna Loy, Luise Rainer, Frank Morgan, Fanny Brice, Virginia Bruce and Ray Bolger.
 * Hats Off starring Mae Clark and John Payne. Directed by Boris Petroff.
 * Her Master's Voice starring Edward Everett Horton and Peggy Conklin
 * King of Burlesque starring Alice Faye, Jack Oakie and Warner Baxter and featuring Fats Waller and Kenny Baker
 * Pigskin Parade starring Stuart Erwin, Patsy Kelly, Jack Haley, Betty Grable, Dixie Dunbar and Judy Garland and featuring The Yacht Club Boys
 * Poor Little Rich Girl released July 24 starring Shirley Temple, Alice Faye, Jack Haley and featuring Tony Martin.
 * Public Nuisance No. 1 starring Frances Day.
 * Rhythm on the Range released July 1 starring Bing Crosby and Frances Farmer.
 * Rose-Marie starring Jeanette MacDonald and Nelson Eddy
 * Show Boat starring Irene Dunne, Allan Jones, Helen Morgan, Paul Robeson and Hattie McDaniel
 * Soft Lights and Sweet Music film revue featuring Ambrose & his Orchestra, Evelyn Dall, Turner Layton and Elisabeth Welch
 * Stage Struck starring Dick Powell, Joan Blondell, Frank McHugh, Jeanne Madden and The Yacht Club Boys.
 * Suzy starring Jean Harlow, Franchot Tone, Cary Grant and Inez Courtney
 * Swing Time starring Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers
 * Three Smart Girls
 * Variety Parade

Births

 * January 2
 * Iván Erőd, Hungarian-Austrian composer and pianist (died 2019)
 * Roger Miller, American country singer (died 1992)
 * January 8 – Zdeněk Mácal, Czech-American conductor (died 2023)
 * January 12 – Raimonds Pauls, Latvian composer and piano player
 * January 13 – Renato Bruson, Italian baritone
 * January 14 – Clarence Carter, American soul singer
 * January 19 – Tonny Koeswoyo, Indonesian rock musician (died 1987)
 * January 23 – Cécile Ousset, French pianist
 * January 24
 * Doug Kershaw, American fiddle player
 * Jack Scott, Canadian-born American rock singer-songwriter (died 2019)
 * Bobby Wellins, Scottish saxophonist (died 2016)
 * January 29 – James Jamerson, American bass guitarist for Motown Records (died 1983)
 * February 6 – Donnie Brooks, singer (died 2007)
 * February 8 – Larry Verne, American novelty singer (died 2013)
 * February 9 – Stompin' Tom Connors, folk musician (died 2013)
 * February 15 – Richard Jackson, musicologist
 * February 19 – Bob Engermann (The Lettermen) (died 2013)
 * February 22 – Ernie K-Doe, R&B singer (died 2001)
 * February 24 – Luis Aguilé, Argentine singer-songwriter and actor (died 2009)
 * March 4 – Aribert Reimann, pianist and composer (died 2024)
 * March 6 – Elmira Zherzdeva, Soviet singer and voice actress
 * March 17 – Ladislav Kupkovič, composer (died 2016)
 * c. March 20 – Lee "Scratch" Perry, reggae artist, composer (died 2021)
 * March 22 – Roger Whittaker, singer-songwriter
 * March 26 – Fred Parris (The Five Satins)
 * March 29 – Richard Rodney Bennett, composer and pianist (died 2012)
 * April 10 – Bobby Smith, R&B singer (The Spinners) (died 2013)
 * April 13 – Dieter Klöcker, clarinetist (died 2011)
 * April 17 – Alexander Walton (Pete Graves), R&B singer (The Moonglows) (died 2006)
 * April 22 – Glen Campbell, country singer (The Beach Boys) (died 2017)
 * April 23 – Roy Orbison, singer-songwriter (died 1988)
 * April 29 – Zubin Mehta, conductor
 * May 2 – Engelbert Humperdinck, born Arnold George Dorsey, pop singer
 * May 6 – Sylvia Robinson, hip hop singer (Mickey & Sylvia) (died 2011)
 * May 14 – Bobby Darin, singer (died 1973)
 * May 23 – Ingeborg Hallstein, German opera singer
 * May 24 – Harold Budd, American avant-garde composer (died 2020)
 * May 25 – Tom T. Hall, country singer-songwriter (died 2021)
 * May 28 – Maki Ishii, Japanese composer (died 2003)
 * June 6 – Levi Stubbs, vocalist (Four Tops) (died 2008)
 * June 8 – James Darren, American actor and singer
 * June 15 – Alexandru Hrisanide, Romanian pianist and composer (died 2018)
 * June 19
 * Tommy DeVito, rock singer (The Four Seasons) (died 2020)
 * Shirley Goodman, R&B singer (Shirley & Lee, Shirley & Company) (died 2005)
 * June 20 – Billy Guy, R&B singer (The Coasters) (died 2002)
 * June 22
 * Kris Kristofferson, singer-songwriter and actor
 * Hermeto Pascoal, composer and instrumentalist
 * June 30 – Dave Van Ronk, folk singer (died 2002)
 * July 10 – David Zinman, violinist and conductor
 * July 13 – Vaza Azarasvili, Georgian composer
 * July 30 – Buddy Guy, blues guitarist
 * August 4 – Elsbeary Hobbs (The Drifters) (died 1996)
 * August 7 – Charles Pope (The Tams) (died 2013)
 * August 23 – Rudy Lewis (The Drifters) (died 1964)
 * August 29 – Gilbert Amy, French composer and conductor
 * August 31 – Igor Zhukov, Russian pianist (died 2018)
 * September 7 – Buddy Holly, rock and roll singer-songwriter (died 1959)
 * September 14 – John Boyden, classical music administrator (died 2021)
 * September 18 – Big Tom, Irish country music singer (died 2018)
 * September 21 – Dickey Lee, country singer-songwriter
 * October 3 – Steve Reich, American minimalist composer
 * October 5 – George Jones Jr., American doo-wop singer-songwriter (The Edsels) (died 2008)
 * October 7 – Charles Dutoit, Swiss conductor
 * October 24 – Bill Wyman, English rock bassist and producer (The Rolling Stones)
 * October 26 – György Pauk, Hungarian violinist
 * October 28
 * Charlie Daniels, American Southern rock singer-songwriter and string player (died 2020)
 * Carl Davis, American-born British film and TV composer and conductor (died 2023)
 * November 11 – Jack Keller, songwriter (died 2005)
 * November 14
 * Antonio Gades, flamenco dancer (died 2004)
 * Cornell Gunter, R&B singer (The Coasters, The Flairs) (died 1990)
 * November 18 – Don Cherry, jazz musician (died 1995)
 * November 19 – Ray Collins, rock musician (The Mothers of Invention) (died 2012)
 * November 22 – Hans Zender, conductor (died 2019)
 * December 14 – Arve Tellefsen, violinist
 * December 17
 * Tommy Banks, Canadian jazz pianist, composer and politician (died 2018)
 * Tommy Steele, British pop singer

Deaths

 * January 1 – Harry B. Smith, US songwriter, 75
 * January 2 – Earl Burtnett, bandleader and songwriter, 39
 * January 7 – Guy d'Hardelot, composer and pianist, 77
 * January 22 – Louis Glass, composer, 71
 * January 23 – Dame Clara Butt, contralto opera singer, 63
 * January 25 – Hermann Bischoff, composer, 68
 * February 11 – Florence Smithson, singer, 51.
 * March 6 – Rubin Goldmark, pianist and composer, 63
 * March 21 – Alexander Glazunov, composer, 70
 * March 26 – Maximilian Maksakov, opera singer (born 1869)
 * April 7 – Marilyn Miller, US actress, dancer and singer, 37
 * April 18 – Ottorino Respighi, composer, 56
 * April 24 – Bernard van Dieren, composer, 48
 * May 5 – Eva von der Osten, operatic soprano, 54
 * May 24 – Claudia Muzio, opera singer, 47
 * May 25 – Ján Levoslav Bella, composer and conductor, 92
 * June 4 – Mathilde Verne, English pianist and educator, 71
 * June 27 – Mike Bernard, ragtime musician, 61
 * August 15 – Sir Henry Lytton, Gilbert & Sullivan comic baritone singer and actor, 71
 * August 19 – Harry Plunket Greene, baritone concert singer, 71
 * August 28 – Albert Périlhou, French composer, organist and pianist, 90
 * September 5 – Béla Szabados, composer, 69
 * September 11 – Byron G. Harlan, singer, 75
 * October 11 – Antonio José Martínez Palacios, Spanish composer, 33
 * October 22 – Anne Caldwell, playwright and lyricist, 68
 * November 11 – Sir Edward German, composer, 74
 * November 17 – Ernestine Schumann-Heink, contralto singer, 75
 * December 6 – Emil Adamič, composer, 58
 * December 31 – Oreste Riva, composer, 76
 * Date unknown
 * Albert Gorter, conductor and composer (born 1862)
 * Herbert De Pinna, songwriter and composer (born 1883)

title: 1936 in music


text:
1937 in music

This is a list of notable events in music that took place in the year 1937.

Specific locations

 * 1937 in British music
 * 1937 in Norwegian music

Specific genres

 * 1937 in country music
 * 1937 in jazz

Events

 * January 24 – Ernest John Moeran completes the revised version of his Symphony in G minor, dedicated to conductor Hamilton Harty.
 * March 6 – Benjamin Britten and Peter Pears first meet, in London.
 * May 12 – At the coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth in Westminster Abbey, William Walton's ceremonial march, "Crown Imperial", originally written for his predecessor, King Edward VIII, is performed for the first time.
 * June 2 – The incomplete version of Alban Berg's opera Lulu is premièred in Zürich (it is later completed in a version premiered in 1979)
 * June 8 –
 * After a New York recital with pianist José Iturbi, violinist Manuel Quiroga is hit by a truck while crossing Times Square, leaving him with a paralysed arm.
 * Première of Carl Orff's Carmina Burana in Frankfurt, Germany.
 * November 30 – Ruth Etting divorces Martin Snyder.
 * December 9 - At the age of 22, the accordionist John Serry Sr. makes the first of several recordings with the Shep Fields Jazz Orchestra.
 * December 25 – At the age of 70, Italian-born conductor Arturo Toscanini conducts the NBC Symphony Orchestra on U.S. radio for the first time, beginning his 17-year tenure with the orchestra. This first concert consists of music by Vivaldi (at a time when he is seldom played), Mozart, and Brahms. Millions tune in to listen, including U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt.
 * Perry Como begins singing with the Ted Weems orchestra. Frankie Laine fills Como's vacated position with the Freddie Carlone band.
 * Hank Williams' musical career begins.
 * Sonny Boy Williamson's recording career begins.
 * Renato Carosone obtains his pianoforte diploma.
 * Natalino Otto introduces swing to Italy.

Top popular recordings
The twenty popular records in the United States listed below were extracted from Joel Whitburn's Pop Memories 1890–1954, record sales reported on the "Discography of American Historical Recordings" website, and other sources as specified. Numerical rankings are approximate, they are only used as a frame of reference.

Number one hit songs (in order)

 * "It's De-Lovely" – Eddy Duchin
 * "Goodnight My Love" – Benny Goodman and Ella Fitzgerald
 * "This Year's Kisses" – Benny Goodman, Helen Forrest
 * "Marie" – Tommy Dorsey, Jack Leonard, Bunny Berigan
 * "Boo Hoo" – Guy Lombardo
 * "Sweet Leilani" – Bing Crosby
 * "Too Marvelous For Words" – Bing Crosby
 * "They Can't Take That Away From Me" – Fred Astaire
 * "Carelessly" – Teddy Wilson with vocal by Billie Holiday
 * "September In the Rain" – Guy Lombardo
 * "It Looks Like Rain in Cherry Blossom Lane" – Guy Lombardo
 * "The Merry-Go-Round Broke Down" – Shep Fields
 * "Where Or When" – Hal Kemp
 * "Smarty" – Fats Waller
 * "A Sailboat in the Moonlight" – Guy Lombardo
 * "Satan Takes A Holiday" – Billy May, Tommy Dorsey
 * "Whispers In the Dark" – Bob Crosby
 * "The Big Apple" – Tommy Dorsey
 * "So Rare" – Guy Lombardo
 * "The Moon Got In My Eyes" – Bing Crosby
 * "That Old Feeling" – Shep Fields
 * "You Can't Stop Me From Dreaming" – Teddy Wilson
 * "Remember Me?" – Bing Crosby
 * "Once In Awhile" – Tommy Dorsey
 * "The Dipsy Doodle" – Tommy Dorsey
 * "Bob White (Whatcha Gonna Swing Tonight)" – Bing Crosby
 * "Nice Work If You Can Get It" – Fred Astaire
 * "Rosalie" – Sammy Kaye
 * "Vieni, Vieni" – Rudy Vallee

Published popular music

 * "Afraid To Dream" words: Mack Gordon, music: Harry Revel
 * "After You" w.m. Sam Coslow & Al Siegel
 * "All God's Chillun Got Rhythm" w. Gus Kahn m. Bronislaw Kaper & Walter Jurmann
 * "All You Want To Do Is Dance" w. Johnny Burke m. Arthur Johnston. Introduced by Bing Crosby in the film Double or Nothing.
 * "Always And Always" w. Bob Wright & Chet Forrest m. Edward Ward
 * "Am I In Love?" w. Al Dubin m. Harry Warren. Introduced by Kenny Baker in the film Mr. Dodd Takes the Air.
 * "Azure" w. Irving Mills m. Duke Ellington
 * "(I've Got) Beginner's Luck" w. Ira Gershwin m. George Gershwin. Introduced by Fred Astaire in the film Shall We Dance
 * "Blossoms On Broadway" w. Leo Robin m. Ralph Rainger
 * "Blue Hawaii" w. Leo Robin m. Ralph Rainger. Introduced by Bing Crosby and Shirley Ross in the film Waikiki Wedding
 * "Bob White (Whatcha Gonna Swing Tonight)" w. Johnny Mercer m. Bernard Hanighen
 * "Boo-Hoo" w. Edward Heyman m. John Jacob Loeb & Carmen Lombardo
 * "Broken Hearted Clown" w.m. Don Pelosi, Harry Leon
 * "By Myself" w. Howard Dietz m. Arthur Schwartz
 * "Camel Hop" m. Mary Lou Williams
 * "Can I Forget You?" w. Oscar Hammerstein II m. Jerome Kern
 * "Caravan" w. Irving Mills m. Juan Tizol & Duke Ellington
 * "Carelessly" w. Charles Kenny & Nick Kenny m. Norman Ellis
 * "Cause My Baby Says It's So" w. Al Dubin m. Harry Warren
 * "Community Swing" m. Glenn Miller
 * "Dear Mr Gable (You Made Me Love You)" w. Joseph McCarthy m. James V. Monaco with extra lyrics Roger Edens
 * "Did Anyone Ever Tell You?" w. Harold Adamson m. Jimmy McHugh. Introduced by Virginia Bruce in the film When Love Is Young
 * "Did Your Mother Come From Ireland?" w.m. Jimmy Kennedy & Michael Carr
 * "Dinner Music For A Pack Of Hungry Cannibals" m. Raymond Scott
 * "The Dipsy Doodle" w.m. Larry Clinton
 * "The Donkey Serenade" w. Robert Wright, George Forrest m. Rudolf Friml & Herbert Stothart
 * "Down With Love" E. Y. "Yip" Harburg, Harold Arlen. Introduced by Vivian Vance, Jack Whiting and June Clyde in the musical Hooray for What!
 * "Dusk In Upper Sandusky" m. Larry Clinton & Jimmy Dorsey
 * "Easy Living" w. Leo Robin m. Ralph Rainger
 * "Everybody Sing" w. Arthur Freed m. Nacio Herb Brown
 * "A Foggy Day" w. Ira Gershwin m. George Gershwin. Introduced by Fred Astaire in the film A Damsel in Distress
 * "The Folks Who Live on the Hill" w. Oscar Hammerstein II m. Jerome Kern
 * "Foolin' Myself" w. Jack Lawrence m. Peter Tinturin
 * "For Dancers Only" w. Don Raye & Vic Schoen m. Sy Oliver
 * "The Girl On The Police Gazette" w.m. Irving Berlin
 * "God's Country" w. E. Y. Harburg m. Harold Arlen
 * "Gone with the Wind" w. Herb Magidson m. Allie Wrubel
 * "Goodnight Angel" w. Herb Magidson m. Allie Wrubel. Introduced by Jack Oakie and Ann Miller in the revue Radio City Revels and performed in the film version by Kenny Baker.
 * "Got a Pair of New Shoes" w. Arthur Freed m. Nacio Herb Brown. Introduced by Judy Garland in the film Thoroughbreds Don't Cry.
 * "Harbour Lights" w. Jimmy Kennedy m. Hugh Williams
 * "Have You Got Any Castles, Baby?" w. Johnny Mercer m. Richard A. Whiting. Introduced by Priscilla Lane in the film Varsity Show.
 * "Have You Met Miss Jones?" w. Lorenz Hart m. Richard Rodgers
 * "He's a Gypsy From Poughkeepsie" w.m. Bud Green & Emery Deutsch
 * "Heigh-Ho" w. Larry Morey m. Frank Churchill
 * "High, Wide, and Handsome" w. Oscar Hammerstein II m. Jerome Kern
 * "Home Town" w.m. Jimmy Kennedy & Michael Carr
 * "I Can't Be Bothered Now" w. Ira Gershwin m. George Gershwin. Introduced by Fred Astaire in the film A Damsel in Distress
 * "I Double Dare You" w. Jimmy Eaton m. Terry Shand
 * "I Know Now" w. Al Dubin m. Harry Warren
 * "I See Your Face Before Me" w. Howard Dietz m. Arthur Schwartz
 * "I Used to Be Color Blind" w.m. Irving Berlin introduced by Fred Astaire in the 1938 film Carefree
 * "I Was Doing All Right" w. Ira Gershwin m. George Gershwin
 * "I Wish I Were in Love Again" w. Lorenz Hart m. Richard Rodgers
 * "I'd Rather Be Right" w. Lorenz Hart M. Richard Rodgers
 * "If It's The Last Thing I Do" w.m. Sammy Cahn & Saul Chaplin
 * "I'll Take Romance" w. Oscar Hammerstein II m. Ben Oakland
 * "I'm Like A Fish Out Of Water" w. Johnny Mercer m. Richard A. Whiting
 * "I'm Wishing" w. Larry Morey m. Frank Churchill
 * "In the Still of the Night" w.m. Cole Porter
 * "It Looks Like Rain In Cherry Blossom Lane" w. Edgar Leslie m. Joe Burke
 * "It's Raining Sunbeams" w. Sam Coslow m. Frederick Hollander
 * "It's The Natural Thing To Do" w. Johnny Burke m. Arthur Johnston. Introduced by Bing Crosby in the film Double or Nothing.
 * "It's Wonderful" w. Mitchell Parish m. Stuff Smith
 * "I've Got My Love to Keep Me Warm" w.m. Irving Berlin sung by Dick Powell & Alice Faye (in the film "On the Avenue")
 * "I've Hitched My Wagon To A Star" w. Johnny Mercer m. Richard A. Whiting
 * "Johnny One Note" w. Lorenz Hart m. Richard Rodgers
 * "The Joint Is Jumpin"' w. Andy Razaf m. Fats Waller & James C. Johnson
 * "The Lady Is a Tramp" w. Lorenz Hart m. Richard Rodgers
 * "The Lambeth Walk" w. Douglas Furber, L. Arthur Rose m. Noel Gay
 * "Leaning on a Lamp-post" w.m. Noel Gay
 * "Let's Call The Whole Thing Off" w. Ira Gershwin m. George Gershwin. Introduced by Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers in the film Shall We Dance
 * "Let's Dance At The Make Believe Ballroom" Andy Razaf, Paul Denniker
 * "Lisbon Antigua (In Old Lisbon)" w. Harry Dupree m. Raul Portela, J. Galhardo & A. Do Vale
 * "Love Is Good For Anything That Ails You" Cliff Friend, Matt Malneck
 * "Love Is Here to Stay" w. Ira Gershwin m. George Gershwin
 * "Me And My Girl" w.m. Noel Gay & Douglas Furber
 * "The Meanest Thing You Ever Did Was Kiss Me" w.m. Al Lewis, Murray Mencher & Charles Newman
 * "The Merry-Go-Round Broke Down" w.m. Cliff Friend & Dave Franklin
 * "Moanin' In The Mornin' " w. E. Y. Harburg m. Harold Arlen
 * "The Mood That I'm In" w.m. Abner Silver & Al Sherman
 * "The Moon Got In My Eyes" w. Johnny Burke m. Arthur Johnston. Introduced by Bing Crosby in the film Double or Nothing.
 * "The Moon of Manakoora" w. Frank Loesser m. Alfred Newman. Introduced by Dorothy Lamour in the film The Hurricane
 * "Moonlight On The Campus" w. Johnny Mercer m. Richard A. Whiting
 * "The Morning After" w.m. Tommy Dorsey, Moe Jaffe & Clay Boland
 * "My Fine Feathered Friend" w. Harold Adamson m. Jimmy McHugh
 * "My Funny Valentine" w. Lorenz Hart m. Richard Rodgers
 * "Never in a Million Years" w. Mack Gordon m. Harry Revel
 * "Nice Work If You Can Get It" w. Ira Gershwin m. George Gershwin. Introduced by Fred Astaire in the film A Damsel in Distress
 * "On a Little Bamboo Bridge" w. Archie Fletcher m. Al Sherman
 * "On The Sentimental Side" w. Johnny Burke m. James V. Monaco
 * "Once In A While" w. Bud Green m. Michael Edwards
 * "One O'Clock Jump" m. Count Basie
 * "One Song" w. Larry Morey m. Frank Churchill
 * "Peter And The Wolf" m. Sergei Prokofiev
 * "A Reckless Night On Board An Ocean Liner" m. Raymond Scott
 * "Remember Me?" w. Al Dubin m. Harry Warren
 * "Rosalie" w.m. Cole Porter
 * "Sail Along, Silv'ry Moon" w. Harry Tobias m. Percy Wenrich
 * "A Sailboat In The Moonlight" w.m. John Jacob Loeb & Carmen Lombardo
 * "Satan Takes A Holiday" m. Larry Clinton
 * "Sentimental and Melancholy" w. Johnny Mercer m. Richard Whiting
 * "September In The Rain" w. Al Dubin m. Harry Warren. Introduced by James Melton in the film Melody for Two.
 * "Shall We Dance?" w. Ira Gershwin m. George Gershwin. Introduced by Fred Astaire in the film Shall We Dance
 * "Sing Me A Song With Social Significance" w.m. Harold Rome
 * "Slap That Bass" w. Ira Gershwin m. George Gershwin. Introduced by Fred Astaire and Dudley Dickerson in the film Shall We Dance
 * "Slumming on Park Avenue" w.m. Irving Berlin
 * "So Rare" w. Jack Sharpe m. Jerry Herst
 * "Some Day My Prince Will Come" w. Larry Morey m. Frank Churchill. Sung by Adriana Caselotti in the animated film Snow White And The Seven Dwarfs
 * "Somebody Else is Taking My Place" w.m. Dick Howard, Russ Morgan & Bob Ellsworth
 * "South Rampart Street Parade" m. Ray Bauduc & Bob Haggart
 * "Stiff Upper Lip" Ira Gershwin m. George Gershwin. Introduced by Gracie Allen in the film A Damsel in Distress
 * "Stop! You're Breaking My Heart" w. Ted Koehler m. Burton Lane
 * "Sweet Leilani" w.m. Harry Owens. Introduced by Bing Crosby in the film Waikiki Wedding
 * "Sweet Someone" w. Mack Gordon m. Harry Revel. Introduced by Simone Simon in the film Love and Hisses
 * "Swing High, Swing Low" w. Ralph Freed m. Burton Lane
 * "Ten Pretty Girls" w.m. Will Grosz & Jimmy Kennedy
 * "That Old Feeling" w. Lew Brown m. Sammy Fain
 * "That's What I Like 'Bout The South" w.m. Andy Razaf
 * "Then It Isn't Love" w. Leo Robin m. Ralph Rainger
 * "There's A Gold Mine In The Sky" w.m. Charles Kenny & Nick Kenny
 * "There's A Lull In My Life" w. Mack Gordon m. Harry Revel
 * "They All Laughed" w. Ira Gershwin m. George Gershwin. Introduced by Ginger Rogers in the film Shall We Dance
 * "They Can't Take That Away From Me" w. Ira Gershwin m. George Gershwin. Introduced by Fred Astaire in the film Shall We Dance
 * "Things Are Looking Up" w. Ira Gershwin m. George Gershwin. Introduced by Fred Astaire in the film A Damsel in Distress
 * "This Year's Kisses" w.m. Irving Berlin
 * "Thrill of a Lifetime" w. Sam Coslow & Carmen Lombardo m. Frederick Hollander. Introduced by Dorothy Lamour in the film Thrill of a Lifetime
 * "Tomorrow Is Another Day" w. Gus Kahn m. Bronislaw Kaper & Walter Jurmann from the film A Day at the Races
 * "Too Marvelous for Words" w. Johnny Mercer m. Richard A. Whiting
 * "The Toy Trumpet" w. Sidney D. Mitchell & Lew Pollack m. Raymond Scott
 * "Triplets" w. Howard Dietz m. Arthur Schwartz
 * "Trusting My Luck" Maurice Sigler, Arthur Johnston
 * "Turn Off The Moon" w.m. Sam Coslow. Introduced by Kenny Baker in the film of the same name.
 * "Twilight In Turkey" m. Raymond Scott
 * "Vieni, Vieni" w. (It & Fr) George Koger & Henri Varna (Eng) Rudy Vallee m. Vincent Scotto
 * "Wake Up And Live" w. Mack Gordon m. Harry Revel
 * "Walter, Walter" w.m. W. E. Haines, J. Harper & Eugene Butler
 * "Was It Rain?" w. Walter Hirsch m. Lou Handman. Introduced by Frances Langford in the film The Hit Parade
 * "When Love Is Young" w. Harold Adamson m. Jimmy McHugh. Introduced by Virginia Bruce in the film When Love Is Young
 * "Where Or When" w. Lorenz Hart m. Richard Rodgers. Introduced by Ray Heatherton and Mitzi Green in the musical Babes In Arms
 * "Whispers In The Dark" w. Leo Robin m. Frederick Hollander. Introduced by Connie Boswell in the film Artists and Models
 * "Whistle While You Work" w. Larry Morey m. Frank Churchill. Sung by Adriana Caselotti in the animated film Snow White And The Seven Dwarfs
 * "With A Smile And A Song" w. Larry Morey m. Frank Churchill. Sung by Adriana Caselotti in the animated film Snow White And The Seven Dwarfs
 * "You Can't Stop Me From Dreaming" w.m. Dave Franklin & Cliff Friend
 * "You're Laughing At Me" w.m. Irving Berlin. Introduced by Dick Powell in the film On the Avenue.

Top blues records

 * "Cross Road Blues" – Robert Johnson
 * "Don't Tear My Clothes" – Big Bill Broonzy
 * "Horny Frog" – Big Bill Broonzy
 * "Terraplane Blues" – Robert Johnson
 * "32-20 Blues" – Robert Johnson
 * "Come On In My Kitchen" – Robert Johnson
 * "Good Morning School Girl" – Sonny Boy Williamson

Compositions

 * Jehan Alain
 * Variations sur un thème de Clément Janequin, for organ
 * Trois danses: Joies, Deuils, Luttes, for orchestra
 * Luciano Berio – Pastorale for piano
 * Arthur Bliss – Checkmate (ballet)
 * Rutland Boughton – Symphony No. 3 in B minor
 * Benjamin Britten – Variations on a Theme of Frank Bridge
 * John Alden Carpenter – Piano Quintet
 * David Diamond – Psalm
 * George Dyson – Symphony in G major
 * Hanns Eisler – String Quartet
 * Ferenc Farkas – Concertino for Harp and Orchestra
 * John Fernström – Viola Concerto
 * Alan Hovhaness – Cello Concerto
 * John Ireland – These Things Shall Be
 * Frank Martin – Symphony
 * Nikolai Medtner – sonate-idylle for piano, opus 56 in G major
 * Nikolai Myaskovsky – revision of String Quartet No. 4, composition of Symphony No. 17 in G♯ minor and Symphony No. 18 in C major
 * Dmitri Shostakovich – Symphony No. 5 in D minor, Op. 47
 * Ralph Vaughan Williams – Job: A Masque for Dancing (ballet)
 * Heitor Villa-Lobos
 * Ciclo brasileiro for piano
 * Distribuição de Flores for flute and guitar
 * Percy Whitlock – Wessex Suite
 * Havergal Brian – Symphony No. 5 "The Wine of Summer"

Opera

 * Alban Berg – Lulu (composed 1929–35; incomplete opera premiered 1937)
 * Walter Damrosch – The Man Without a Country
 * Arthur Honegger and Jacques Ibert – L'Aiglon
 * Kurt Weill – The Eternal Road (Der Weg der Verheißung)

Film

 * Benjamin Britten – Love from a Stranger (1937 film)
 * Frank Churchill, Leigh Harline – Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film)
 * George Gershwin – A Damsel in Distress (1937 film)
 * George Gershwin – Shall We Dance (1937 film)
 * Erich Korngold – Another Dawn (1937 film)
 * Erich Korngold – The Prince and the Pauper (1937 film)
 * Miklós Rózsa – Knight Without Armour
 * Dimitri Tiomkin, Max Steiner – Lost Horizon (1937 film)

Musical theatre

 * Babes in Arms (Richard Rodgers and Lorenz Hart) Broadway production opened at the Shubert Theatre on April 14 and ran for 289 performances
 * Between the Devil Broadway production opened at the Imperial Theatre on December 23 and ran for 93 performances
 * The Cradle Will Rock (Marc Blitzstein) Broadway production directed by Orson Welles
 * Hooray for What! (lyrics E. Y. Harburg, music Harold Arlen, book Howard Lindsay and Russel Crouse) Broadway production opened at the Winter Garden Theatre on December 1 and ran for 200 performances
 * I'd Rather Be Right (Rodgers & Hart) Broadway production opened on November 2 at the Alvin Theatre and ran for 290 performances
 * Me and My Girl (Noel Gay) – London production opened on December 16 at the Victoria Palace Theatre and ran for 1646 performances.
 * On Your Toes London production opened at the Palace Theatre on February 5 and ran for 123 performances
 * Pins and Needles Broadway revue opened at the Labor Stage Theatre on November 27 and ran for 1108 performances
 * Swing is in the Air London revue opened at the Palladium on March 29
 * Virginia opened at the Center Theatre on September 2 and ran for 60 performances

Musical films

 * 52nd Street, starring Leo Carrillo, Ian Hunter, Pat Paterson, Ella Logan, Sid Silvers, Zasu Pitts and Kenny Baker. Directed by Harold Young.
 * Ali Baba Goes to Town, starring Eddie Cantor, Tony Martin, Roland Young and June Lang and featuring Raymond Scott & his Quintet. Directed by David Butler.
 * Broadway Melody of 1938, starring Robert Taylor, Eleanor Powell, George Murphy, Binnie Barnes, Buddy Ebsen, Sophie Tucker and Judy Garland.
 * Calling All Stars, starring Bert Ambrose, Carroll Gibbons, Evelyn Dall, Sam Browne, Larry Adler, Elisabeth Welch and The Nicholas Brothers.
 * The Champagne Waltz starring Gladys Swarthout, Fred MacMurray, Jack Oakie and Veloz and Yolanda.
 * Chintamani, starring M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar
 * Command Performance (1937 film), starring Arthur Tracy and Lilli Palmer
 * A Damsel in Distress, starring Fred Astaire, Joan Fontaine, George Burns, Gracie Allen and Ray Noble.
 * A Day at the Races, released June 11, starring the Marx Brothers and Allan Jones, and featuring Ivie Anderson
 * Double or Nothing, released September 1, starring Bing Crosby and Martha Raye, and featuring Harry Barris and Frances Faye.
 * Duniya Na Mane, starring Shanta Apte
 * Every Day's a Holiday, starring Mae West, Edmund Lowe and Louis Armstrong. Directed by A. Edward Sutherland.
 * Fight for Your Lady, starring John Boles, Ida Lupino and Jack Oakie.
 * The Firefly, starring Jeanette MacDonald and Allan Jones.
 * Gangway, starring Jessie Matthews
 * Glamorous Night, starring Mary Ellis, Otto Kruger and Victor Jory.
 * Head over Heels, starring Jessie Matthews
 * Hideaway Girl, starring Shirley Ross, Robert Cummings and Martha Raye. Directed by George Archainbaud.
 * High, Wide and Handsome starring Irene Dunne, Dorothy Lamour, Randolph Scott and William Frawley.
 * Hit Parade of 1937, starring Frances Langford and Phil Regan and featuring Ivie Anderson and Duke Ellington and his orchestra.
 * Hollywood Hotel, starring Dick Powell, Rosemary Lane and Lola Lane, and featuring Frances Langford and Benny Goodman & his Orchestra.
 * Jericho, starring Paul Robeson
 * La Habanera, starring Zarah Leander
 * Let's Make a Night of It, starring Charles "Buddy" Rogers and June Clyde
 * The Life of the Party, released September 3, starring Joe Penner, Gene Raymond, Harriet Hilliard and Helen Broderick
 * The Lilac Domino (film), starring Michael Bartlett, June Knight, Fred Emney and S.Z. Sakall.
 * Love and Hisses, starring Walter Winchell, Ben Bernie, Simone Simon, Bert Lahr and Joan Davis
 * Make A Wish, starring Bobby Breen, Basil Rathbone, Marion Claire, Henry Armetta, Ralph Forbes and Leon Errol. Directed by Kurt Neumann.
 * Mayfair Melody, starring Keith Falkner, Chili Bouchier and Bruce Lester.
 * Maytime, starring Jeanette MacDonald, Nelson Eddy and John Barrymore.
 * Melodías porteñas, starring Enrique Santos Discépolo
 * Melody for Two, starring James Melton, Patricia Ellis and Wini Shaw
 * Mr Dodd Takes the Air, released August 21, starring Kenny Baker and Jane Wyman.
 * My Song Goes Forth, starring Paul Robeson
 * On the Avenue, starring Dick Powell, Alice Faye, Madeleine Carroll and The Ritz Brothers.
 * 100 Men and a Girl, starring Deanna Durbin
 * Paradise for Two directed by Thornton Freeland and starring Jack Hulbert, Patricia Ellis and Arthur Riscoe.
 * Rootin' Tootin' Rhythm, starring Gene Autry
 * Rosalie, starring Nelson Eddy, Eleanor Powell and Ray Bolger.
 * Shall We Dance, starring Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers.
 * The Singing Marine, starring Dick Powell and Doris Weston
 * Snow White And The Seven Dwarfs, animated feature with Adriana Caselotti providing the voice of Snow White.
 * Something to Sing About, starring James Cagney and Evelyn Daw
 * Song at Midnight, directed by Ma-Xu Weibang.
 * Song of the Forge, starring Stanley Holloway.
 * Stardust, starring Ben Lyon and Lupe Vélez.
 * Swing High, Swing Low, released March 15, starring Carole Lombard, Fred MacMurray and Dorothy Lamour.
 * This Way Please, starring Charles "Buddy" Rogers, Betty Grable and Ned Sparks
 * Top of the Town, starring Doris Nolan, George Murphy and Ella Logan, and featuring Gertrude Niesen
 * Turn Off the Moon, starring Charles Ruggles and Eleanore Whitney and featuring Kenny Baker and Phil Harris. Directed by Lewis Seiler.
 * Varsity Show, starring Dick Powell, Rosemary Lane and Priscilla Lane and featuring Fred Waring and his Pennsylvanians and Buck and Bubbles
 * Waikiki Wedding, starring Bing Crosby, Bob Burns, Martha Raye and Shirley Ross.
 * Wake Up And Live, starring Walter Winchell, Alice Faye, Ben Bernie and Patsy Kelly. Directed by Sidney Lanfield.
 * When You're in Love, starring Grace Moore and Cary Grant.
 * You Can't Have Everything, starring Alice Faye, Don Ameche, The Ritz Brothers and Gypsy Rose Lee.
 * You're a Sweetheart, starring Alice Faye and George Murphy.

Births

 * January 4
 * Grace Bumbry, African American operatic mezzo-soprano (died 2023)
 * Lorene Mann, American country music singer-songwriter (died 2013)
 * January 6
 * Paolo Conte, Italian singer, pianist and composer
 * Doris Troy, R&B singer (died 2004)
 * January 8 – Shirley Bassey, Welsh singer
 * January 13 – Milka Stojanović, Serbian opera singer (died 2023)
 * January 14 – Billie Jo Spears, American country music singer (died 2011)
 * January 19
 * Clarence "Frogman" Henry, American R&B singer
 * Giovanna Marini, Italian singer and songwriter
 * January 22 – Ryan Davies, Welsh singer-songwriter and comedian (died 1977)
 * January 27 – John Ogdon, English pianist (died 1989)
 * January 29 – Bobby Scott, American singer-songwriter, pianist and producer (died 1990)
 * January 31 – Philip Glass, American composer
 * February 1
 * Don Everly, American country-rock musician (The Everly Brothers) (died 2021)
 * Ray Sawyer, American rock singer (Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show) (died 2018)
 * February 2
 * Martina Arroyo, American operatic soprano
 * Tom Smothers, American singer, composer and comedian (The Smothers Brothers) (died 2023)
 * February 8
 * Manfred Krug, German actor and singer (died 2016)
 * Joe Raposo, composer and lyricist (died 1989)
 * February 9 – Hildegard Behrens, operatic soprano (died 2009)
 * February 10 – Don Wilson, rock rhythm guitarist (The Ventures) (died 2022)
 * February 14 – Magic Sam, American singer and guitarist (died 1969)
 * February 15 – Nathan Davis, American hard bop jazz woodwind player (died 2018)
 * February 19 – Robert "Bilbo" Walker Jr., American blues guitarist (died 2017)
 * February 20 – Nancy Wilson, jazz singer (died 2018)
 * February 27 – David Ackles, singer-songwriter (died 1999)
 * March 1 – Jimmy Little, Australian guitarist, actor and educator (died 2012)
 * March 9 – Azio Corghi, Italian composer and musicologist (died 2022)
 * March 17 – Vince Martin, American singer and songwriter (died 2018)
 * March 19 – Clarence "Frogman" Henry, American R&B singer
 * March 20
 * Jerry Reed, American singer-songwriter, actor and guitarist (died 2008)
 * Eddie Shaw, African-American saxophonist and songwriter (died 2018)
 * March 22 – Angelo Badalamenti, screen composer (died 2022)
 * March 24 – Billy Stewart, scat singer (died 1970)
 * April 5 – Marisa Robles, Spanish harpist
 * April 11 – Lando Bartolini, Italian operatic tenor (died 2024)
 * April 17 – Don Buchla, American pioneer of the synthesizer (died 2016)
 * April 21 – David Lucas, American rock and roll composer, singer and music producer
 * May 1 – Bo Nilsson, composer and lyricist (died 2018)
 * May 4
 * Dick Dale, surf rock guitarist (died 2019)
 * Ron Carter, American jazz double bassist
 * May 5
 * Delia Derbyshire, electronic composer (died 2001)
 * Johnnie Taylor, blues and soul singer (died 2000)
 * May 9
 * Sonny Curtis (The Crickets)
 * Dave Prater (Sam & Dave) (died 1988)
 * May 13 – Trini Lopez, singer (died 2020)
 * May 22
 * Kenny Ball, jazz trumpeter (died 2013)
 * Facundo Cabral, Argentine singer (died 2011)
 * June 2 – Jimmy Jones, singer-songwriter (died 2012)
 * June 4 – Freddy Fender, country musician (died 2006)
 * June 7
 * Roberto Blanco, German singer
 * Neeme Järvi, Estonian conductor
 * June 14 – Renaldo "Obie" Benson, soul and R&B bass singer-songwriter (The Four Tops) (died 2005)
 * June 15 – Waylon Jennings, country singer (died 2002)
 * June 25 – Eddie Floyd, African-American soul, R&B singer-songwriter
 * June 30 – Larry Henley, American singer-songwriter (The Newbeats) (died 2014)
 * July 4 – Ray Pillow, American country music singer
 * July 6
 * Vladimir Ashkenazy, pianist and conductor
 * Gene Chandler, singer-songwriter
 * July 12 – Guy Woolfenden, composer (died 2016)
 * July 18 – William Carragan, musicologist (died 2024)
 * July 22 – Chuck Jackson, R&B singer (died 2023)
 * July 26 – Al Banks (The Turbans)
 * August 2 – Garth Hudson, Canadian keyboard player, songwriter and producer (The Band and The Call)
 * August 6 – Baden Powell de Aquino, bossa nova guitarist (died 2000)
 * August 16 – David Behrman, composer and record producer
 * August 20
 * Clem Cattini, English session drummer
 * Stelvio Cipriani, Italian composer (died 2018)
 * Jean-Louis Petit, French composer, conductor and organist
 * August 27
 * Alice Coltrane, née McLeod, jazz multi-instrumentalist (died 2007)
 * J. D. Crowe, banjoist (died 2021)
 * September 10 – Tommy Overstreet, American country singer (died 2015)
 * September 11 – Joseph Kobzon, popular singer and politician (died 2018)
 * September 17
 * Phil Cracolici, rock singer (The Mystics)
 * Ilarion Ionescu-Galați, Romanian violinist and conductor
 * September 30 – Valentin Silvestrov, composer
 * October 9 – Joan Carden, operatic soprano
 * October 13 – Loris Tjeknavorian, conductor and composer
 * October 21 – Norman Wright, doo-wop singer (The Del-Vikings)
 * October 25 – Jeanne Black, American singer (died 2014)
 * October 29 – Michael Ponti, pianist
 * October 31 – Tom Paxton, folk singer-songwriter
 * November 1 – Bill Anderson, country singer-songwriter
 * November 2 – Earl "Speedo" Carroll, vocalist (The Cadillacs, The Coasters) (died 2012)
 * November 6 – Eugene Pitt (The Jive Five) (died 2018)
 * November 15 – Little Willie John, singer (died 1968)
 * November 30
 * Frank Ifield, yodelling singer (died 2024)
 * Luther Ingram, American soul singer-songwriter (died 2007)
 * Noel Stookey, singer-songwriter (Peter, Paul & Mary)
 * December 1 – Gordon Crosse, English composer
 * December 14 – Warren Ryanes (The Monotones) (died 1982)
 * December 17 – Art Neville (The Neville Brothers) (died 2019)
 * December 25 – O'Kelly Isley, Jr. (The Isley Brothers) (died 1986)
 * December 26 – Ronnie Prophet, Canadian-American country musician (died 2018)
 * December 28 – Rita Orlandi-Malaspina, Italian operatic soprano (died 2017)
 * December 30
 * John Hartford, American folk and country musician and composer (died 2001)
 * Raquel Olmedo, Cuban-Mexican actress and singer
 * date unknown – Farhad Fakhreddini, conductor and composer, founder of Iran's National Orchestra

Deaths

 * January 10 – Clarence Eddy, American organist and composer (born 1851)
 * January 12 – Barney Fagan, American performer and composer (born 1850)
 * January 19 – Aristodemo Giorgini, Italian opera singer (born 1879)
 * February 14 – Erkki Melartin, Finnish composer (born 1875)
 * March 6 – George Washington Thomas, songwriter and pianist (born 1883)
 * March 12
 * Charles-Marie Widor, composer (born 1844)
 * Jenő Hubay, composer and violinist (born 1858)
 * March 22 – Thorvald Aagaard, composer (born 1877)
 * March 29 – Karol Szymanowski, composer (born 1882)
 * April 8 – Arthur Foote, composer (born 1853)
 * April 11 – Minnie Bell Sharp, pianist and singer (born 1865)
 * April 20 – Virgilio Ranzato, composer (born 1883)
 * May 2 – Arthur Somervell, composer (born 1863)
 * May 4 – Noel Rosa, singer, songwriter and guitarist (born 1910)
 * May 7 – W. O. Forsyth, pianist (born 1859)
 * May 11 – Viliam Figuš-Bystrý, composer (born 1875)
 * June 2 – Louis Vierne, organist and composer (born 1870)
 * June 10 – Malcolm Williams, actor and composer (born 1870)
 * July 11 – George Gershwin, composer (born 1898)
 * July 17 – Gabriel Pierné, organist and composer (born 1863)
 * July 23 – Charles Henry Mills, composer and music teacher (born 1873)
 * August 23 – Albert Roussel, composer (born 1869)
 * September 6 – Henry Kimball Hadley, composer and conductor (born 1871)
 * September 26 – Bessie Smith, blues singer, automobile accident (born 1895)
 * October 6 – Blind Uncle Gaspard, Cajun vocalist and guitarist (born 1878)
 * October 17 – Paul Lhérie, operatic tenor/baritone (born 1844)
 * October 22 – Frank Damrosch, organist, conductor and music teacher (born 1859)
 * November 3 – Winthrop Ames, theatrical director (born 1870)
 * November 24 – Tell Taylor, songwriter (born 1876)
 * November 25 – Lilian Baylis, founder of Sadler's Wells ballet company (born 1874)
 * November 29 – Ferdinand Buescher, instrument manufacturer (born 1861)
 * December 4 – it:Rodolfo Falvo, composer (born 1873)
 * December 10 – Rosa Valetti, cabaret singer (born 1878)
 * December 26
 * Dan Beddoe, tenor (born 1863)
 * Ivor Gurney, composer-poet (born 1890)
 * December 28 – Maurice Ravel, composer (born 1875)
 * date unknown
 * Rabbit Brown, country blues singer (born c.1880)
 * Blind Uncle Gaspard, Cajun musician (born 1880)
 * Maude Valérie White, composer and songwriter (born 1855)
 * Loraine Wyman, folk singer and dulcimer player (born 1885)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: 1937 in music


text:
Talk:Edmund Burke

Edmund Burke was Anglo Irish
There is no argument over the fact that England was the forum in which Burke achieved greatness, but the question hinges on whether this qualifies him as 'Anglo-Irish', which would be a term used to describe somebody like, say, the Duke of Wellington. Burke was born and grew up in Ireland, was educated at Trinity College Dublin, left for London afterwards and retained his Irish accent throughout his life. He championed Irish causes from Westminster, and maintained a large retinue of Irish people. There really isn't a lot more to it than that, and if you were to substitute the word Dublin with Edinburgh, that would be the end of the matter. To the other points, both of Burke's parents were Irish as had their people been for centuries: his mother was a Catholic, and whether or not his father was an 'old' Anglican or a recent convert to the Established Church in order to practice law doesn't really matter. The talk of Burke being an old English name is going back to the Normans and is rather desperate. By that logic vast swathes of English people are 'Franco-English', a moniker they would no doubt chafe under. Was Brunel 'Franco-English' or just English? I would submit the latter. Moreover, the paternal name is a small percentage of one's genetic makeup, but again that doesn't really matter. As for Burke's utterances, he was a politician and a pamphleteer. Wrapping himself in the flag to count himself as English is the only way in which an outsider could expect to have influence in the court of public opinion, and he used this technique in provoking empathy with the Americans by describing them as Englishmen. 'Englishman' in this sense has a different, more universal meaning than literally being from England. Burke's sympathies and actions on behalf of Ireland speak for themselves, and his wanting Ireland to remain in union with Britain makes him no less Irish than Gordon Brown is Scottish. His Irish sympathies weren't a secret: when the Duke of Argyll heard of Gladstone studying the writings of Burke on the question of Home Rule he said "Your perfervidum ingenium Scoti does not need being touched with a live coal from that Irish alter" Bob Geldof for example left Ireland at roughly the same age as Burke, is an ardent unionist, a political agitator, a KBE, but still sounds and regards himself as Irish, which is easier today than in Burke's time. The Anglo prefix is pregnant with meaning and is not the correct way to describe Burke. I hope that sense prevails in this matter. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Lucid19 (talk • contribs) 14:21, 10 January 2024 (UTC)

I would suggest that the commenter above take their own advice and read through the Wikipedia entry on "Anglo-Irish". Not only does it explicitly reference and link to Burke's page, in a speech by Yeats about the Anglo-Irish, but it clearly states, "Not all Anglo-Irish people could trace their origins to the Protestant English settlers of the Cromwellian period; some were of Welsh stock, and others descended from Old English or even native Gaelic converts to Anglicanism". His paternal family, Burke was English in origin and again the "House of Burke" page on Wikipedia mentions its Anglo-Irish branches. The Fitzgerald Dukes of Leinster, George Canning and the Guinness family are all from a similar "Old English" stock but nevertheless are referred to as Anglo-Irish. Edmund Burke's Irish identities by Sean Patrick Donlan is a good reference for clarifying the complicated nature of Burke's nationality. He had English and Jacobite ancestor's who emigrated to Ireland during the traditional Anlgo-Irish period.

In the discussion below about the use of "British vs Irish", Pailsimon put together a good collection of 16 references. Of which 7 refer to Burke exclusively as Anglo-Irish 1 234 5 67, one as both Irish and Anglo-Irish, 5 as exclusively Irish and one doesn't seem to mention his nationality but does mention that he was a lifelong Anglican (often associated with the Anglo-Irish). The vast majority of the academic articles (as opposed to newspapers) use Anglo-Irish.

To these I would add my own examples of Burke referred to as Anglo-Irish 123456

Surely this is good grounds to conclude that the consensus is that Burke was Anglo-Irish.

Admittedly the situation is clearly complicated, so I would also support not leading the article with a mention of his national identity, as seems to be the norm with historical figures who cannot be easily categorised with modern nationalities.

However personally the fact that Burke referred to himself repeatedly as an Englishman, as is stated later on this page, for example in his letter to the Sheriffs of Bristol (1777) "Liberty is in danger of being made unpopular to Englishmen. Contending for an imaginary power, we begin to acquire the spirit of domination, and to lose the relish of honest equality" strongly supports for referring to him as at least Anglo-Irish.

This is of course in addition to his membership of the British Parliament, the 47 years he lived in England (where he was buried), as opposed to 21 in Ireland and his Anglican faith.

Tchaikovskyflowers (talk) 17:54, 7 December 2021 (UTC)

 * Your post suggests you don't understand what Anglo-Irish means. "Anglo-Irish" is a term for the foreign ruling class that immigrated to Ireland from England in the early modern period.  It is first and foremost an ethnic term that does not fit the Irish Catholic-descended Burke.  One of your sources (https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/e/Edmund_Burke.htm) even mentions that he was of "Munster Roman Catholic" stock, thus disqualifying him from this label despite the author's own lack of insight.
 * Other Sources demonstrating a lack of an "Anglo-Irish" consensus (which was forged out of a slim majority of those sources):

https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/48582359.pdf? https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1404698.pdf?ab_segments=0%252Fbasic_search_gsv2%252Fcontrol&refreqid=excelsior%3A24df0fb5056b445876a60a1360a4f77bab_segments=0%252Fbasic_search_gsv2%252Fcontrol&refreqid=excelsior%3Abf57036cd9a57d4669ca6e61590c8ff0 (Refers to Burke as an "Irishman") http://www.let.rug.nl/usa/biographies/edmund-burke/ https://theamericanscholar.org/the-right-honourable-mr-burke/ — Preceding unsigned comment added by ComradeKublai (talk • contribs) 00:49, 8 December 2021 (UTC) ComradeKublai (talk) 00:56, 8 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Anglo-Irish as an ethnic term: https://artsandculture.google.com/entity/anglo-irish-people/m0152s7?hl=en, Anglo-Irish as being defined by descent: https://www.definitions.net/definition/anglo-irish+peopleComradeKublai (talk) 00:56, 8 December 2021 (UTC)

I'm sorry I thought my post was quite clear, I was following the definition used by Wikipedia, the Oxford Reference Dictionary, Miriam Webster, besides others, all of which all refer to Anglo-Irish as a person with mixed ancestry living in Ireland.

Burke qualifies to be in this group, as being of English descent. Most obviously his surname is English, from Old English "burh" meaning "fortified hill" and being derived originally from his ancestors in East Anglia.

Anglo-Irish does not solely refer to those who immigrated in the early modern period. Could you find me a source that defines Anglo-Irish as solely those who immigrated in the early modern period?

You seem to be overstressing the distinction between Old English and New English settlers in Ireland. Both pages on Wikipedia make it clear that there was interrelation and assimilation between the two groups.

"And while most of the Anglo-Irish originated in the English diaspora in Ireland, some were of native Irish families who had converted from the Catholic Church to Anglicanism.[6]"

"Conversely, some Hiberno-Normans assimilated into the new English Protestant elite, as the Anglo-Irish."

Burke would be a perfect example of this. He had Jacobite ancestry that immigrated in the 17th century and English ancestry such as Edmund Spenser, who would qualify as Early Modern.

Rather than implying that the Mcgill article's author has a lack of insight, I would suggest considering that they acknowledged Burke's "Munster Roman Catholic stock" and still decided to label him Anglo-Irish. This is strong evidence that the term is not as narrow as you claim.

Your four sources aren't very persuasive as to Anglo-Irish not being the preferred term, the second one doesn't label him Irish anywhere I can see, and the third refers to him as British before Irish. Even if we were to acknowledge them, it would reinforce my point that this is a complicated issue, where the academic community is split and simply calling him Irish isn't suitable. Again an alternative might be to remove any reference to his ethnicity in the header and let the article on his life simply speak for itself, it's quite clear later on that Burke was ambiguous in his identity.

If we are simply trading sources though, here are another two that clearly include him as one of the most important figures in discussions of Anglo-Irish literature.

Britannica has a subheading dedicated to Burke in its discussion of Anglo-Irish literature.

Again I should explain that my argument is not to deny his Irishness, he was absolutely born in Ireland, spoke a fair amount of Gaelic and expressed deep fondness for the land and people. However identity and ethnicity are extremely complicated and nuanced concepts, and a person can often identify with multiple labels. Burke was clearly one such case. I believe that Anglo-Irish captures this ambiguity far better than simply Irish.

If instead you refuse to discuss or try to understand the situation and simply revert my changes, you'll be in breach of WP:CON, where it is clearly the protocol to try and reach an evidence based consensus.

If you have the time I'd again recommend reading more widely on Burke's identity, most important for this discussion being Edmund Burke's Irish identities by Sean Patrick Donlan. At the moment all you seem to be biasedly edit warring, and oversimplifying the issue down to "Roman Catholic Stock".

Tchaikovskyflowers (talk) 13:18, 8 December 2021 (UTC)

 * Here we go again..

 * Yes, let's look at the Anglo-Irish page and pay particular attention to the talk section I opened cautioning editors to tone down all the genealogy talk.

 * You fundamentally misunderstand how "Anglo-Irish" is being used in this context. It does not, for example, mean "Normans" who came to Ireland in the 12th Century, nor is it solely referring to Cromwellian expropriators in the Early Modern period. It's a term used to describe the privileged (Anglican) Irish from about the 17th until the 19th Century, regardless of their origins. The Guinness family didn't come from "Old English stock" -- they had ancient Irish McCartan origins, and like most Anglo-Irish were intermarried with other members of this social class, as well as the British aristocracy. The "Burke" name isn't "English" either - it's primarily an Irish surname of Anglo-Norman origins, not that this matters as to who was "Anglo-Irish".

 * The question regarding Burke's identity has been answered by the number of sources describing him as "Irish" or "Anglo-Irish". "Irish" with no qualifier is used by a slight majority, but I've no personal problem using "Anglo-Irish" on this page (although it should be used consistently in other bios for subjects who meet this criteria, which it's not). Granted, Burke was barely Anglo-Irish considering his family background and upbringing, but if using the term is to highlight his social position in contradistinction to about 80% of Ireland's population at the turn of the 19th Century, then it has its value.

 * A lot of the problem here has to do with political sensitivities in a post-1922, post-Brexit world rather than editors genuinely trying to improve this article, which is not something usually accomplished by incessantly rehashing the same argument. Who gives a shit if Burke's described as "Irish" or "Anglo-Irish"? The issue is that the Irish claim him as their own and so do the British. Which again raises the question of whether the "Anglo-Irish" designation is actually appropriate here, or merely a compromise between annoying ethnic chauvinists who can't let this thing go.Jonathan f1 (talk) 01:55, 19 December 2021 (UTC)
 * I think the problem is labelling him ‘Anglo-Irish’ for the reasons you list potentially robs any privileged Irish person of the period who participated in the institutions of the British/English state of their Irishness. Some Irish people were willing participants of Empire and we should not shy away from it, as many do. Adding Anglicanism as a criterion, as if Protestantism somehow qualifies one’s Irishness, is especially dangerous. English ancestry in and of itself is irrelevant - how then should we classify Gerry Adams? I would prefer to approach ‘Anglo-Irish’ as a very distinct social class/grouping, whose boundaries are highly context-dependent - depending as much on self-identification as anything else. Did Burke ever identify himself as Anglo-Irish or as belonging to the Ascendancy? Given that he referred to himself as an Englishman then we would almost be better off describing him as such rather than shoehorning Anglo-Irish somewhere it does not obviously belong. Sipkeo (talk) 12:58, 20 February 2024 (UTC)
 * If this were an academic debate, my position would be that "Anglo-Irish" is clearly an anachronism to use on 18th Century figures, and I do agree that it's often used by laymen (and some partisan scholars) to distance certain Irish people from involvement in the British Empire. It is also not applied consistently on this encyclopedia: check out the Felix Doran (slave trader) article as an example, and tell me what's the difference between Doran and Burke? Both born and raised in Ireland, both moved to England, both involved with the British Empire and spent the better part of their careers in England, both buried in England. Yet Doran is described as an "Irish slave trader" and Burke an "Anglo-Irish statesman".
 * Of course this is not an academic debate and so we have to reach a consensus based on how reliable sources describe him. And I think it's clear that sources use "Irish" as much as "Anglo-Irish", if not slightly more. And considering Burke was one of less than a handful of prominent Irish Enlightenment philosophers, I think it is somewhat petty to make an issue out of this. Jonathan f1 (talk) 01:48, 17 March 2024 (UTC)

British vs Irish
Burke was born and lived in Ireland making him Irish. Plus the vast majority of sources call him Irish. There's no conceivable way he is "British". PailSimon (talk) 19:50, 19 January 2021 (UTC)

 * The two are not mutually exclusive in this context. He was most definitely Irish, and nonetheless British for it. Although I admit (and have been campaigning for this on C.S. Lewis's page) that this on its own does not merit the 'British' description, is the fact that he was a Briton who served in an official capacity as a politician (a statesman, as the lede we are discussing states) in the Union-wide House of Commons that makes this one of the few cases where mention of his being British must be made. This is a well-established precedent elsewhere on this website. I believe something to the effect of "Irish-born British" strikes the right balance, as it is true that his Irishness (and I do not say Irish-born to imply his ethnicity is of importance per se, as per a silly Wikipedia rule) is also — though less — notable.

SeanEML (talk) 20:25, 19 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Some links:

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edmund-Burke-British-philosopher-and-statesman https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/social-sciences-and-law/political-science-biographies/edmund-burke

If you are able to provide evidence that he is Irish to the exclusion of being British, then we can talk.

Kind regards, SeanEML (talk) 20:28, 19 January 2021 (UTC)
 * You dont get to demand anything by the way, please read WP:CONSENSUS. Regardless the overwhelming majority of sources bar one or two strays refer to him as Iriah without qualification so Wikipedia should reflect that.PailSimon (talk) 20:39, 19 January 2021 (UTC)

 * As I'm sure you're aware, I only meant by "then we can talk" that then you will have a sufficient case. It's a colloquial expression. We can continue this editing war, but as I am the only one who is making a sophisticated case for my edits, I fail to see why the onus is on me and not you. You are equally liable to be blocked, perhaps especially as only I have justified my edits. Only a short while ago 'Anglo-Irish' was the description (which is of course completely incorrect) so I am not interfering with some historic consensus. Rather, I am following a long-established precedent of referring to MPs and other statesmen in a Union-wide capacity as British.

SeanEML (talk) 20:48, 19 January 2021 (UTC)
 * There is no "we", there is simply you in the edit warring case. Please read WP:BRD and WP:CON. You are in breach of both, which I am not. "Only I have justified my edits" is just patently false and needs no response considering the edit  summaries and everything I  have said on the talk page. "Only a short while ago 'Anglo-Irish' was the description (which is of course completely incorrect) so I am not interfering with some historic consensus." Calling him British is evidently challenging a long term version, so again  I ask you to familiarize yourself with the relevant Wikipedia polices. "I am following a long-established precedent of referring to MPs and other statesmen in a Union-wide capacity as British" No such precedent exists and even if it did it means nothing, please see WP:OTHERSTUFFEXISTS. The simple fact of the matter is you are edit warring without consensus and violating BRD by inserting something not backed up by the vast majority of reliable sources. PailSimon (talk) 21:47, 19 January 2021 (UTC)

 * You can continue to hurl Wikipedia pages at me or you can actually respond to the points I have made. You harp on about "the vast majority of reliable sources" but provide no sources, and you have not responded to my essential about him being Irish and British in equal measure, with the latter being of fundamental importance considering his role as statesman. I have cited credible sources to this end, including the most reputable encyclopaedia in the English language. But however many sources you fail to cite describe him as Irish, this does not disqualify my fundamental point about his also being British and the relevance thereof, which I am confident any reliable source will also mention, although perhaps not consistently in the lede. As I keep on saying, one must be cautious about the British/Irish false dichotomy. Putting 'British' in the lede conforms with Wikipedia's policy, however, as I was enlightened about in relation to a similar issue recently, and this is why the precedent does in fact matter - see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Biography#Context

 * You seriously need to understand that Burke is extremely commonly identified as British. This is not really a debatable point, he was an MP in the British House of Commons representing an English constituency whilst living in England. Clearly the label 'Irish' on its own is restrictive ... Please, PLEASE enlighten me with sources that identify him as Irish to the exclusion of being British SeanEML (talk) 22:44, 19 January 2021 (UTC)

 * I am "hurling wikipedia pages" to inform you that you are breaking the rules. As for the sources which call Burke Irish without qualification or  simply Anglo-Irish 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16. Wikipedia does what most reliable sources do and most call him Irish or perhaps more commonly Anglo-Irish without mentioning "British" whatever that even means.PailSimon (talk) 10:12, 20 January 2021 (UTC)

Interesting how SeanEML has stopped responding after being given the sources he requested, yet continues to edit war. This shows clear dishonesty and a blatant disregard for Wikipedia's rules. Should SeanEML be allowed to continue engaging in this sort of behavior? ComradeKublai (talk) 02:23, 17 March 2021 (UTC)

 * Again with this obsession with his identity. It was just recently changed again to "Anglo-Irish". There are a significant number of sources using this description, but the majority of the references cited here, as far as I can tell, describe Burke as Irish with no qualifier. Looking at the edit history and how many times the lede's been changed from Irish to Anglo-Irish to British and back again, this is getting tiresome and has very little to do with improving the article.Jonathan f1 (talk) 00:05, 9 November 2021 (UTC)

Dating the completion of "A Philosophical Enquiry"
I am leaving this here as a note on the Talk page because I fear I won't get the reference formatting correctly. F P Lock (volume 1), page 92, writes: "Burke told his readers that 'it is four years now since this enquiry was finished' (1757 preface), that is, in 1753." A footnote on this reads "To Shackleton, E.B. wrote more vaguely that 'it lay by me for a good while, and I at last ventured it out' (10 Aug 1757) [Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1998] Frank Lynch (talk) 18:51, 27 March 2023 (UTC)

Restore 'influenced' and 'influenced by' to philosophy infobox
Useful section has been removed. Mediatelevitate (talk) 14:22, 14 September 2023 (UTC)

Apparently an error in the article
We read the following: "On 12 March 1757, Burke married Jane Mary Nugent (1734–1812), daughter of Dr. Christopher Nugent, a Catholic physician who had provided him with medical treatment at Bath. Their son Richard was born on 9 February 1758 while an elder son, Christopher, died in infancy." Has Christopher been born before or immediately after their marriage, i.e., was he conceived out of wedlock? This seems unlikely in that sphere of society at that time. Yet, since Richard was born roughly 11 months after their marriage, Christopher could hardly have been "an elder son". FeliksK (talk) 20:19, 1 May 2024 (UTC)

 * Lock agrees on Richard being born 9 February 1758 and puts Christopher as being born on 14 December 1758 (vol I page 90), so yes, going by Lock "elder" is incorrect. Frank Lynch (talk) 12:18, 2 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Edmund Burke


text:
Constitution of the People's Republic of China

The Constitution of the People's Republic of China is the supreme law of the People's Republic of China. It was adopted by the 5th National People's Congress on December 4, 1982, with further revisions about every five years. It is the fourth constitution in PRC history, superseding the 1954 constitution, the 1975 constitution, and the 1978 constitution.

History
The first Constitution of the People's Republic of China was declared in 1954. After two intervening versions enacted in 1975 and 1978, the current Constitution was declared in 1982. There were significant differences between each of these versions, and the 1982 Constitution has subsequently been amended five times. In addition, evolving constitutional conventions have led to significant changes in the structure of the Chinese government in the absence of changes in the text of the Constitution.

Structure

 * 1) Preamble
 * 2) General Principles (Chapter 1)
 * 3) The Fundamental Rights and Duties of Citizens (Chapter 2)
 * 4) The Structure of the State (Chapter 3) — which includes such state organs as the National People's Congress, the President of the People's Republic of China, the State Council, the Central Military Commission, the Local People's Congresses at All Levels and Local People's Governments at All Levels, the Autonomous Organs of Ethnic Autonomous Areas, the Commissions of Supervision, and the People's Courts and People's Procuratorates.
 * 5) The National Flag, the National Anthem, the National Emblem and the Capital (Chapter 4).

1982 Constitution
There had been five major revisions by the National People's Congress (NPC) to the 1982 Constitution. The 1982 State Constitution provided a legal basis for the broad changes in China's social and economic institutions and significantly revised government structure. The posts of President and Vice President (which were abolished in the 1975 and 1978 constitutions) are re-established in the 1982 Constitution.

Prior to 1982 there were no term limits on key leadership posts. Deng imposed a two-term limit (10 years total) on all but the chair of the Central Military Commission.

Much of the PRC Constitution is modeled after the 1936 Constitution of the Soviet Union, but there are some significant differences. For example, while the Soviet constitution contains an explicit right of secession, the Chinese constitution explicitly forbids secession. While the Soviet constitution formally creates a federal system, the Chinese constitution formally creates a unitary multi-national state.

The 1982 Constitution is a lengthy, hybrid document with 138 articles. Large sections were adapted directly from the 1978 constitution, but many of its changes derive from the 1954 constitution. Specifically, the new Constitution de-emphasizes class struggle and places top priority on development and on incorporating the contributions and interests of non-party groups that can play a central role in modernization.

Article 1 of the Constitution describes China as "a socialist state under the people's democratic dictatorship" meaning that the system is based on an alliance of the working classes—in communist terminology, the workers and peasants—and is led by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), the vanguard of the working class. Elsewhere, the Constitution provides for a renewed and vital role for the groups that make up that basic alliance—the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, minor political parties, and people's organizations.

The 1982 Constitution expunges almost all of the rhetoric associated with the Cultural Revolution incorporated in the 1978 version. In fact, the Constitution omits all references to the Cultural Revolution and restates Chairman Mao Zedong's contributions in accordance with a major historical reassessment produced in June 1981 at the Sixth Plenum of the Eleventh Central Committee, the "Resolution on Some Historical Issues of the Party since the Founding of the People's Republic."

Emphasis is also placed throughout the 1982 State Constitution on socialist law as a regulator of political behavior. Unlike the 1977 Soviet Constitution, the text of the Constitution itself originally did not explicitly mention the CCP outside the preamble.

Thus, the rights and obligations of citizens are set out in detail far exceeding that provided in the 1978 constitution. Probably because the Cultural Revolution was "characterized by violence and chaos," the 1982 Constitution gives even greater attention to clarifying citizens' "fundamental rights and duties" than the 1954 constitution did, like the right to vote and to run for election begins at the age of eighteen except for those disenfranchised by law. The Constitution also guarantees the freedom of religious worship as well as the "freedom not to believe in any religion" and affirms that "religious bodies and religious affairs are not subject to any foreign domination."

Article 35 of the 1982 Constitution proclaims that "citizens of the People's Republic of China enjoy freedom of speech, of the press, of assembly, of association, of procession, and of demonstration." In the 1978 constitution, these rights were guaranteed, but so were the right to strike and the "four big rights", often called the "four bigs": to speak out freely, air views fully, hold great debates, and write big-character posters. In February 1980, following the Democracy Wall period, the four bigs were abolished in response to a party decision ratified by the National People's Congress. The right to strike was also dropped from the 1982 Constitution. The widespread expression of the four big rights during the student protests of late 1986 elicited the regime's strong censure because of their illegality. The official response cited Article 53 of the 1982 Constitution, which states that citizens must abide by the law and observe labor discipline and public order. Besides being illegal, practising the four big rights offered the possibility of straying into criticism of the CCP, which was in fact what appeared in student wall posters. In a new era that strove for political stability and economic development, party leaders considered the four big rights politically destabilizing. Chinese citizens are prohibited from forming new political parties.

Among the political rights granted by the constitution, all Chinese citizens have rights to elect and be elected. According to the later promulgated election law, rural residents had only 1/4 vote power of townsmen (formerly 1/8). As Chinese citizens are categorized into rural resident and town resident, and the constitution has no stipulation of freedom of transference, those rural residents are restricted by the Hukou (registered permanent residence) and have fewer political, economic, and educational rights. This problem has largely been addressed with various and ongoing reforms of Hukou in 2007. The fore-said ratio of vote power has been readjusted to 1:1 by an amendment to the election law passed in March 2010.

The 1982 State Constitution is also more specific about the responsibilities and functions of offices and organs in the state structure. There are clear admonitions against familiar Chinese practices that the reformers have labelled abuses, such as concentrating power in the hands of a few leaders and permitting lifelong tenure in leadership positions. On the other hand, the constitution strongly oppose the western system of separation of powers by executive, legislature and judicial. It stipulates the NPC as the highest organ of state authority power, to which the State Council, the Supreme People's Court, and the Supreme People's Procuratorate are responsible.

In addition, the 1982 Constitution provides an extensive legal framework for the liberalizing economic policies of the 1980s. It allows the collective economic sector not owned by the state a broader role and provides for limited private economic activity. Members of the expanded rural collectives have the right "to farm private plots, engage in household sideline production, and raise privately owned livestock." The primary emphasis is given to expanding the national economy, which is to be accomplished by balancing centralized economic planning with supplementary regulation by the market.

Another key difference between the 1978 and 1982 state constitutions is the latter's approach to outside help for the modernization program. Whereas the 1978 constitution stressed "self-reliance" in modernization efforts, the 1982 document provides the constitutional basis for the considerable body of laws passed by the NPC in subsequent years permitting and encouraging extensive foreign participation in all aspects of the economy. In addition, the 1982 document reflects the more flexible and less ideological orientation of foreign policy since 1978. Such phrases as "proletarian internationalism" and "social imperialism" have been dropped.

The 1982 constitution included the birth planning policy known as the one-child policy.

7th National People's Congress (1988)
The National People's Congress amended Articles 10 and 11 of the Constitution. Allow the emergence of the private sector and allow the transfer of the Land tenure.

10th National People's Congress (2004)
The Constitution was amended on 14 March 2004 to include guarantees regarding private property ("legally obtained private property of the citizens shall not be violated") and human rights ("the State respects and protects human rights"). The government argued that this represented progress for Chinese democracy and was a sign from the CCP that they recognized the need to adapt to the booming Chinese economy, which had created a growing middle class who wanted private property protections.

Chinese leader Hu Jintao said that "These amendments of the Chinese constitution are of great importance to the development of China [...] We will make serious efforts to carry them out in practice."

13th National People's Congress (2018)
The Constitution was amended on 11 March 2018, with 2,958 votes in favour, two against, and three abstentions. It includes an assortment of revisions that further cement the CCP's control and supremacy, including setting up the National Supervisory Commission, establishing a new anti-graft agency, extending the powers of the CCP's graft watchdog, adding Hu Jintao's Scientific Outlook on Development and Xi Jinping Thought to the Preamble of the Constitution, and removing term limits for both the President and Vice President, enabling Xi Jinping to remain president indefinitely. Xi is also the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party, the de facto top position in CCP ruling China without term limit.

The concept of ecological civilization building was also added to the Constitution.

The amendments also add the phrases "Communist Party of China" and its "leadership" into the main body of the Constitution. Prior to the amendment, the CCP and its leadership were only mentioned in the preamble. Constitutional preambles are often not legally binding (as with the United States Constitution ), and as the legal applicability of the Chinese constitution is debated, the amendment may be seen as providing a constitutional basis for China's status as a one-party state and formally rendering any competitive multi-party system unconstitutional. Xi "now has the distinction of being the first Chinese leader ever to have his theories enshrined in the constitution during his own lifetime." The leadership of the CPC is now constitutionally enshrined as the "defining feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics", and therefore it establishes one-party rule as an end-in-itself. Xi says: Party, government, military, civilian, and academic, north, south, east, west, and center, the Party leads everything.

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Though technically the "supreme legal authority" and "fundamental law of the state", the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has a documented history of violating many of the constitution's provisions and censoring calls for greater adherence to it.

The constitution stipulates that the National People's Congress (NPC) and its Standing Committee have the power to review whether laws or activities violate the constitution. Unlike many Western legal systems, courts do not have the power of judicial review and cannot invalidate a statute on the grounds that it violates the constitution.

Since 2002, a special committee within the NPC called the National People's Congress Constitution and Law Committee has been responsible for constitutional review and enforcement. The committee has never explicitly ruled that a law or regulation is unconstitutional. However, in one case, after media outcry over the death of Sun Zhigang the State Council was forced to rescind regulations allowing police to detain persons without residency permits after the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPCSC) made it clear that it would rule such regulations unconstitutional.

In January 2020, the NPC Legislative Affairs Committee conducted a constitutional review, targeting the relevant provisions in local regulations concerning that "schools of all levels and types of ethnic minorities should use the language of the ethnic group or the language commonly used by the ethnic group for teaching" and that "some courses in minority schools with conditions can be taught in Chinese with the approval of the local education administration department". The Legislative Affairs Committee found that the above-mentioned provisions are inconsistent with the provisions of Article 19, paragraph 5 of the Constitution on promotion of Putonghua and the provisions in National Common Language Law, Education Law and other relevant laws. Local authorities have been ordered to make changes.

In November 2020, the 13th NPC Standing Committee adopted a decision on the qualification of members of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, which referred to Article 64, item 1 of the Constitution on interpreting the Constitution.

Criticisms
The Open Constitution Initiative was an organization consisting of lawyers and academics in the People's Republic of China that advocated the rule of law and greater constitutional protections. It was shut down by the government on July 14, 2009.

In early 2013, a movement developed among reformers in China based on enforcing the provisions of the constitution.

In 2019, Ling Li of the University of Vienna and Wenzhang Zhou of Zhejiang University wrote that "the constitution appeals to [the CCP] because it does not provide solutions to fundamental issues of governance. Instead, such issues are kept out of the constitution so that they can be addressed by the Party through other regulatory mechanisms outside of the constitutional realm."