text:
User talk:Damas~enwiki

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are some pages that you might find helpful: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes ( ~ ); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Questions, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! 84.90.152.129 22:58, 8 October 2006 (UTC)
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Your user page
Hello, I found your user page while doing some wikiarchaeology. . I have restored all of its earliest surviving revisions from old copies of the Wikipedia database, so they are available to everyone now. Hope you don't mind. Graham 87

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Damas. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Damas~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

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Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:18, 19 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 11:54, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

Invitation to join the Fifteen Year Society
Dear ,

I'd like to extend a cordial invitation to you to join the Fifteen Year Society, an informal group for editors who've been participating in the Wikipedia project for fifteen years or more.

Best regards, Urhixidur (talk) 16:36, 6 June 2019 (UTC)

title: User talk:Damas~enwiki


text:
User talk:Darrell Greenwood

Hello there, welcome to the 'pedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you need pointers on how we title pages visit Naming conventions or how to format them visit our manual of style. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. Cheers! --maveric149

Notability of Joel Tenenbaum
Hello, this is a message from an automated bot. A tag has been placed on Joel Tenenbaum, by another Wikipedia user, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. The tag claims that it should be speedily deleted because Joel Tenenbaum seems to be about a person, group of people, band, club, company, or web content, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is notable: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, articles that do not assert the subject's importance or significance may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable. To contest the tagging and request that administrators wait before possibly deleting Joel Tenenbaum, please affix the template to the page, and put a note on its talk page. If the article has already been deleted, see the advice and instructions at WP:WMD. Feel free to contact the bot operator if you have any questions about this or any problems with this bot, bearing in mind that '''this bot is only informing you of the nomination for speedy deletion; it does not perform any nominations or deletions itself. To see the user who deleted the page, click here''' CSDWarnBot (talk) 22:40, 18 November 2008 (UTC)

Maersk Alabama hijacking
Hi Darrell,

Sorry for my revision on Maersk Alabama hijacking. I'm not quite sure what happened (some sort of error while using huggle). I'm Sorry. I've also removed the rv template from this page.

Kind Regards --     23:21, 16 April 2009 (UTC)

Thanks
Thank you for the revert on trojan horse (computing). my huggle was acting slow and i clicked the revert button twice thus reverting two of the vandal's edits along with Cluebot which I didn't intend. With regards, Schnitzel  MannGreek. 23:41, 25 June 2009 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the update. I was just puzzling out what happened and decided your edit was a good faith edit probably messed up by slow response of Wikipedia at the same time, so it is nice to know I got it right. Darrell_Greenwood (talk) 23:45, 25 June 2009 (UTC)

Tier 1
Hi, actually I tried to remove the two spaces in 'such as the RIPE RIS database, the Oregon Route Views servers'. You have any idea how to fix this? Purely esthetical. TIA, Vels (talk) 01:37, 27 June 2009 (UTC)

 * I am not sure what you are seeing. I see no extraneous spaces that need to be removed. Your edit actually deleted the url and a couple of square brackets, which are formatting code to make the link 'RIPE RIS database' hot, like this: RIPE RIS database Your edit is shown in red here: http://www.nyx.net/~dgreenw/Picture%201.png. Darrell_Greenwood (talk) 03:48, 27 June 2009 (UTC)

MEDMOS
Hi, I replied to your message on WP:MEDMOS. :)-- Literature geek |  T@1k?  20:01, 5 December 2009 (UTC)

Concordia
Did you not see the inuse template displaid at the top of the article. I've sorted out the port of registry / homeport issue. Registered at Lunenburg under the Canadian flag. Homeport was Bridgetown. The two are not necessarily the same thing. Mjroots (talk) 19:32, 21 February 2010 (UTC)
 * Further research has revealed that she operated under the Bahamas flag. Mjroots (talk) 20:16, 21 February 2010 (UTC)
 * I saw the inuse template after I finished a complicated (for me) edit. Sorry. Darrell_Greenwood (talk) 20:53, 21 February 2010 (UTC)

Almezaan
I'm going to revert balance to refer to the disambiguation page. I suspect that this is a poetic name, rather than a literal name, and that the ambiguity is intentional. There is a Plaestinian organization Almezan (same word in Arabic) involved in justice issues. If it really is an arms smuggler, a reference to the "scales of justice" or "balance of power" or evening up the fight are all quite apt. Pustelnik (talk) 11:17, 16 April 2010 (UTC)

Re: User:71.198.180.243
Hello Darrel Greenwood, I'm afraid you may be dissapointed AGF in regards to the edits by 71.198.180.243 on US Airways Flight 1549, as this IP has a recent history of vandalism on Aircraft articles (≈20) since 8 May. Please see User_talk:71.198.180.243 for their warnings. Regards, --220.101.28.25 (talk) 19:06, 17 May 2010 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the heads up. I was puzzling a bit about User:71.198.180.243 Darrell_Greenwood (talk) 23:30, 17 May 2010 (UTC)

You are most welcome Darrell Greenwood. The change you saw was a little subtle, (empennage → empenage as I recall). They raised my ire when I was expanding Pamir Airways Flight 112 (Monday 17th, crash in Afghanistan), and with no data on survivors/deaths they jump in and decide everyone on board is dead! I look at their talk/contribs to see if they are legitimate and horrors !. ps, I have re-reverted your last revert at Gary Taubes as 94.193.135.203 reverted your revert of them.(?) Cry Havoc!  --220.101.28.25 (talk) 05:29, 18 May 2010 (UTC)

Italic
Hi Darrel! I saw that italic change back to non-italic under cover of colon over on sourdough! No edit war here. Peace. I am curious, did you feel the cited Manual of Style didn't apply? Or was there other reasoning involved? Gzuufy (talk) 23:21, 18 June 2010 (UTC)
 * Sorry. Your edit is correct. I see, reviewing the history, I unwittingly deleted the italicization when I expanded the citation previous to the colon edit. I have my suspicions on how I accidentally did, and will change my work flow to prevent future occurrences . Thanks for the heads up. Darrell_Greenwood (talk) 00:29, 19 June 2010 (UTC)

Qf32 Talk Page
I commented on the abuse you received on that page. I hope it doesn't cause you a problem; my apology in advance if it does. I just don't have much patience with petty tyrants... 65.37.66.77 (talk) 03:05, 2 December 2010 (UTC)
 * Your comments certainly won't cause me any problem. Thanks for your kind words and support. Darrell_Greenwood (talk) 03:26, 2 December 2010 (UTC)
 * You are most welcome. It now looks like you have been thoroughly vindicated by all the contributing editors, but one... ;-) Cheers. 65.37.66.138 (talk) 01:02, 3 December 2010 (UTC)

swimming eagles
Wonderful! Cheers, Gwen Gale (talk) 18:02, 5 December 2010 (UTC)

Well spotted...
... but I really don't recall what I was saying there! Maury Markowitz (talk) 03:20, 21 December 2010 (UTC)

Re: Interesting Edit to Chocolate
Thank you very much for the note about my edit to the chocolate page. Thank you also for the helpful hint in your note(GlassLadyBug (talk) 17:29, 11 April 2011 (UTC)).

Jonathon Ive Article
I was wondering if you had the time available to check out this edit on the Jonathon Ive article

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jonathan_Ive&action=historysubmit&diff=450846079&oldid=450730086

Many thanks

Darrell_Greenwood (talk) 10:14, 18 September 2011 (UTC)

 * Hi, how can I help you? What do you want help with? You seemed to have removed an awful lot of useful/standard stuff, like the infobox for starters, and at least one ref. Be good to get the infobox back, and I note from your edit notes that the refs may be old/out of date. Best Rgds, --Trident13 (talk) 10:19, 18 September 2011 (UTC)

 * OK, I got it - bit slow today! Reverted back to your version on article, sent him a welcome4 and vandal1. Now a choice on his part. Rgds, --Trident13 (talk) 10:29, 18 September 2011 (UTC)

Steve Jobs Intro
You moved the last paragraph of the introduction to the body, for reasons explained in the edit summary.

I wondered if you would consider reversing this. While the lede generally should be short, it should also summarize the topic for a reader. I'm neutral on the topic (note I've not edited other articles or things related to him) but in this case I think there's good reason for an exception. A reader wanting an overview of Jobs must have some summary of the impact and scope of his life (which isn't controversial or questioned by any reliable source). The intro in this case vcan't just say "he was from this place, ran these businesses, developed these things, died at this age of this cause". The overview of the lede must surely include an overview of stature, recognition, or impact. The paragraph you moved was fairly short and dense but summed the scope up well.

Could you consider, or discuss, reversing that paragraph back to the original position? I think the article topic is better that way. Thanks! FT2 (Talk 18:56, 8 October 2011 (UTC)

 * Thank you very much for the courtesy of opening a discussion. If you had reverted I probably would have left your revert, even though disagreeing.

 * I have seen in the past, when a subject is current, the lede grows, often in a poor way. I had noticed the last paragraph was particularly unreadable in this case due to the enormous number of references and moving it as I did seemed a elegant fix. References in a lede always bother me, it is supposed to be a summary and therefore ideally shouldn't have any references. (I spend time picking references out of a lede without deleting them from the article.)

 * I haven't thought it through, the last one sentence paragraph being simple and good as it stands, but could you, or I, or we, maybe come up with a summary-like addition to that paragraph. I'll have a look at it. Darrell_Greenwood (talk) 19:25, 8 October 2011 (UTC)

 * Oh dear, the paragraph in question has been considerably changed, and at first glance improved. I'll have to find the original now. Darrell_Greenwood (talk) 19:31, 8 October 2011 (UTC)

 * Found it, you moved it :-) Darrell_Greenwood (talk) 19:36, 8 October 2011 (UTC)

 * OK I agree with you. How about this:

 * "On October 5, 2011, Jobs died in California at age 56, seven years after being diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.[15]He was widely described as a visionary, pioneer and genius—perhaps one of the foremost— in the field of business, innovation, and product design, and a man who had profoundly changed the face of the modern world, revolutionized at least six different industries,and who was an "exemplar for all chief executives". His death was widely mourned and considered a loss to the world by commentators across the globe."

 * I wonder if we can get away with leaving all the references and the original paragraph in the body of the article where you moved them, perhaps with a note referencing that fact. Darrell_Greenwood (talk) 19:49, 8 October 2011 (UTC)

 * Possible edit summary: "After discussion consensus to add to summary of 'recognition' to last paragraph of lede." Or whatever you want. Darrell_Greenwood (talk) 20:12, 8 October 2011 (UTC)

 * Your draft above works. Would add 4 words: "At/On his death he was described...". If you're happy leaving the cites in the main text that's ok by me. Leave it to you? FT2 (Talk 20:33, 8 October 2011 (UTC)

 * Sure. Thank you very much for your insight. Darrell_Greenwood (talk) 20:55, 8 October 2011 (UTC)

Conrad Black
Err, why did you revert that bro? Isn't it good to have the civillian photo in the main infobox and the mugshot in the conviction infobox, in the middle of the article?--46.246.240.232 (talk) 20:48, 25 November 2011 (UTC)
 * Could you answer please?--46.246.131.121 (talk) 13:26, 30 November 2011 (UTC)

Thank you Darrell Greenwood!
I remember your name, or a similar one, from the Usenet days on sourdough topics! Your award to me is the first one I've received, and now I need to do some reading on what that is and how to share the love! I recently found some reasonably new science regarding the evolution of organisms in a sourdough, and have been wondering about where and how to add that. The word "stable" is often used in the article, but currently doesn't define it. It could help with understanding the young seed-sour vs. years old motherdough taste differences. Taste differences apparently leads into amino acids and their possible dough supplementation, and thus probably gets into some weeds. Anyway, Thanks Again! Gzuufy (talk) 19:56, 18 December 2011 (UTC)

Thanks
Must've accidentally clicked rollback on the watchlist in regards to Belize. Much appreciated for your double checking my edits. CMD (talk) 03:24, 7 June 2012 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the explanation, I couldn't figure out why you had reverted. I can empathize with clicking in error, I've done it myself a couple times in the last while and messed up an edit. Cheers, Darrell_Greenwood (talk) 03:36, 7 June 2012 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for September 24
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited Steve Jobs, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Lisa (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver). Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 11:37, 24 September 2012 (UTC)

6 Degrees of Separation
Hi Darrell,

I was just reading the cited article and the original number was incorrect - the average was stated to be 5.5. I simply corrected the wikipedia article to reflect this. Please check the cited article to confirm this, and remove the "unconstructive editing" tag from my talk page if you agree. If I have made a mistake then we should try to find the true value.

Thanks!

Josh — Preceding unsigned comment added by Joshiansmith (talk • contribs) 02:05, 14 November 2012 (UTC)

 * It was 6.6.

 * You changed it to 5.5.

 * The reference says "We investigate on a planetary-scale the oft-cited report that people are separated by "six degrees of separation" and find that the average path length among Messenger users is 6.6.".

 * I simply reverted your edit to what it was before you edited. It now conforms to the reference. Please clarify your concerns, from my point of view you simply vandalized the number, and there are a surprising number of vandals who like to vandalize numbers. Darrell_Greenwood (talk) 03:26, 14 November 2012 (UTC)

My apologies Darryl - A colleague and I were concurrently investigating two similar projects - I got the articles mixed up. You're correct that the true value is 6.6. Rest assured I have no interest in vandalizing Wikipedia! - Josh — Preceding unsigned comment added by Joshiansmith (talk • contribs) 08:51, 14 November 2012 (UTC)

convert
hi,

thanks for your message in my commons account. I did the fix and deleted a "-3" in the convert call of the article and hope for best. --Best regards, Keysanger (what?) 19:18, 16 March 2013 (UTC)

ISBN revert
I have no idea why you reverted me with this edit. ISBN values of ISBN-13: 1234567890 are incorrect. Magic links do not work with this format. ISBN should have only a space between ISBN and the number... ISBN 1234567890. Bgwhite (talk) 22:09, 28 September 2013 (UTC)

 * My apologies on reverting your edit. It was not intended. Your edit followed the insertion of spam by Globalpulisya. I was considering how to revert the spam with your subsequent edit when I accidentally reverted your edit. Globalpulisya inserted the spam in several articles to promote what I presume is his/her book, supported only by a self published reference. I deleted the same paragraph in the article where I accidentally reverted your correct edit, and in Coffee, Manila Hotel, Filipinophile, and List of fictional African countries. Again, my profuse apologies. Darrell_Greenwood (talk) 22:33, 28 September 2013 (UTC)

Apple Inc. revert & Facebook
I am extremely confused as to why you reverted my edit to Apple Inc.  I particularly resent the accusation of vandalism. I merely updated the market cap to a more recent figure, and I cited my source which was authoritative. How does this constitute vandalism? I see that you've now deleted my update on the Facebook page--which again, was merely updating Facebook's market capitalization to a more recent figure. Again, I cited an autoritative source. At present, the figures on that page are old. They need to be updated. What gives? I had planned on doing many such updates, since so much of the financial information posted on Wikipedia is so woefully out of date, and now I find myself accused of vandalism. What am I supposed to think?ThomasMikael (talk) 23:22, 1 February 2014 (UTC)

 * It is the other changes that caused the reversion. My edit summary for Apple Inc. "Revert Vandalism. Titles within references changed, e.g., 'Literally' -> 'Figuratively'', 'Amazing' -> 'Barely Noticeable', 'Greatest' -> 'Average'" Darrell_Greenwood (talk) 19:25, 1 February 2014 (UTC)

 * https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Apple_Inc.&diff=593167336&oldid=592907047 are the edits with the improper changes. Scroll down and you will see them. Darrell_Greenwood (talk) 19:39, 1 February 2014 (UTC)

 * O my gosh. Thank you so much for flagging this, I had no idea what was going on.  I installed a plugin called Downworthy on my browser whose intended function was to change hyperbolic headlines on annoying viral sites.  I had no idea it was changing stuff while I was editing on Wikipedia, sheesh.  This is the plugin: http://downworthy.snipe.net/ This is the news article that informed me of its existence: http://www.theverge.com/2014/1/26/5345588/downworthy-plug-in-kills-viral-headlines-with-snark  I have now uninstalled the plugin, and informed the creators of this glitch.

 * I appreciate you letting me know how the incorrect edits came to be. That is not a scenario I imagined while I was evaluating your contributions.
 * Your personal edits are good and I thank you for making them. I will assume you will re-enter your financial updates to Facebook and Apple articles and I will leave them be. I hope I didn't discourage you from editing Wikipedia in the future. Best Regards, Darrell_Greenwood (talk) 01:38, 2 February 2014 (UTC)
 * Thanks very much, if anything I'm encouraged by this conversationThomasMikael (talk) 01:41, 2 February 2014 (UTC)

Unfair dispute on Category pages for deletion
Hey there, Darrell. You seem like a decent guy. Right now, I feel like I'm getting ganged up on, and subjected to totally irrational persecution in a category inclusion dispute that I personally consider important. Any chance you could help out by supporting me here, or at least joining the conversation as a neutral arbitrator? Here's the page where the dispute is going down. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Categories_for_discussion/Log/2014_February_20 I understand if you don't want to join, but I just thought I'd ask. Don't have many contacts among fellow Wikipedia editors, so I'm looking for an impartial voice wherever I can find one. Thanks man!ThomasMikael (talk) 19:56, 20 February 2014 (UTC)

Indonesia AirAsia Flight 8501
No worries. It's happened to me, too - Firefox has deleted about half of an article while I've been working on it, just as I hit "save". (For what it's worth, the "hijacking" claim has already been removed as well.) -- Ser Amantio di Nicolao Che dicono a Signa?Lo dicono a Signa. 20:03, 30 December 2014 (UTC)
 * Happy to be of help. -- Ser Amantio di Nicolao Che dicono a Signa?Lo dicono a Signa. 20:12, 30 December 2014 (UTC)

Apple Pie
Hi Darrell, I teach Intro to Educational Technology Applications for Brandman University and use the edit on the apple pie page to show students how a wiki works. I am not attempting to be disruptive or malicious. I simply want my students (future teachers) to understand how Wikipedia works. Main1301 (talk) 03:23, 3 April 2015 (UTC)Sally Adams (main1301)
 * Nonetheless, what you are doing is vandalism. Darrell_Greenwood (talk) 03:36, 3 April 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 08:52, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Darrell Greenwood


text:
User talk:Kirkjobsluder

Hello there, welcome to the 'pedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you need pointers on how we title pages visit Naming conventions or how to format them visit our manual of style. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. Cheers! --maveric149

Nomination of Embassy for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Embassy is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Embassy until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. Domdeparis (talk) 05:33, 18 May 2017 (UTC)

title: User talk:Kirkjobsluder


text:
User talk:TheEternalVortex

Hello there, welcome to the 'pedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you need pointers on how we title pages visit Naming conventions or how to format them visit our manual of style. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. Cheers! --maveric149

title: User talk:TheEternalVortex


text:
User talk:Manaskb

Hello there, welcome to the 'pedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you need pointers on how we title pages visit Naming conventions or how to format them visit our manual of style. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. Cheers! --maveric149

Wikipedia:Indian wikipedians' notice board
Hi. I would like you to be an active member of Indian wikipedians' notice board. utcursch 07:31, Dec 29, 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Manaskb


text:
User talk:Ginshirou

Hello there, welcome to the 'pedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you need pointers on how we title pages visit Naming conventions or how to format them visit our manual of style. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. Cheers! --maveric149

title: User talk:Ginshirou


text:
User talk:Cassini~enwiki

Hello there, welcome to the 'pedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you need pointers on how we title pages visit Naming conventions or how to format them visit our manual of style. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. Cheers! --maveric149

Your galaxy pic
Thanks for uploading Image:Ngc6240 composite.jpg. I notice it currently doesn't have an image copyright tag. Could you add one to let us know its copyright status? (You can use if you release it under the GFDL, or  if you claim fair use, etc.) Thanks so much,    – Quadell (talk) (help)   21:09, Oct 7, 2004 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Cassini. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Cassini~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 22:50, 19 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 11:25, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Cassini~enwiki


text:
User talk:Jdforrester/Old Archive 1

This is an archive of my talk page, the current version of which is located here.

Note that I am likely to reformat, delete, or otherwise alter what appears here...

Introduction
Heya. Nothing to say, really. Oh, except that this is my second account on the Wikip[a]edia, as my last one seems to have been deleted after some non-inconsiderable length of inactivity. --James F. 02:15 Mar 2, 2003 (UTC)

 * Hello. So what name did you go under before, just out of interest...? -- Oliver P. 03:52 Mar 2, 2003 (UTC)

 * Good question - I have no idea, and I was told that my email address didn't feature in the database, so I created a new one. However, given my latent creative abilities, I would have thought that it would be 'jdforrester'... :-)
 * I assume I first found Wikipedia through [LMS' K5 story], which would put my first account creation date in mid-2001...
 * -- James F. 05:28 Mar 2, 2003 (UTC)

East London Line spelling corrections
(Re ELL) No problem, you're very welcome. :) Nevilley 09:44 Apr 20, 2003 (UTC)

University of Warwick student list
Wouldn't it be sensible to put notable Warwick students on the University of Warwick page? There can't be that many of them. Evercat 01:51 May 13, 2003 (UTC)

 * Perhaps there aren't many notable Warwick students right now (I can't think of many), but the list will grow over time and it seems prudent to put the infrastructure in now, rather than later, and make the structure used here common with that of other large universities.
 * James F. 02:10 May 13, 2003 (UTC)

 * Hmm, I'm not sure I'm convinced by this logic. Wikipedia is always a work in progress, and the question to ask is not "what will be the right format in 6 months?" but rather "what's the right format now?". You can always move the content over when the list becomes too big. Evercat 12:14 May 13, 2003 (UTC)

 * OK, agreed, and changed.
 * James F. 12:40 May 13, 2003 (UTC)

Sleep-induced vote loss
I don't think anyone deleted your vote - not according to the page history, anyway. Maybe you had a edit conflict? Martin 12:58 May 15, 2003 (UTC)

 * No particular accusations flying around; I assume that, at 05:00 this morning when somewhat deprived of sleep, I merely didn't notice that a conflict had occurred :-)
 * James F. 14:33 May 15, 2003 (UTC)

Accidental minor-edit flagging
Hi I liked the info that you added to listed building but I noticed that you marked all your edit's as minor, when clearly they were not. As a general rule, I would say that an edit is minor if it doesn't add any new content. Otherwise it is not. E.g formatting, spelling changes, wikifying. That sort of thing. The reason I say this is that I, like many others have my user preferences set so that I don't see minor edits in recent changes, but I do want to pick up on content changes.Theresa knott 07:40 20 May 2003 (UTC)

 * Whoops, my mistake. Generally when I remember to de-select 'minor edit', I've written a dozen paragraphs offline... :-)
 * James F. 00:22 22 May 2003 (UTC)

 * Fair enough :-) Why don't you select your user preferences to have the minor edit box deselected, so that you have to tick it if the edit is minor? ::Theresa knott 14:59 22 May 2003 (UTC)

 * Well, many of my edits are somewhat minor, so...
 * James F. 21:20 22 May 2003 (UTC)

Sysop-hood
Congratulations, you have just been made a sysop! You have volunteered for boring housekeeping activities which normal users sadly cannot participate in. Sysops basically can't do anything: They cannot delete pages arbitarily (only obvious junk like "jklasdfl,öasdf JOSH IS GAY"), they cannot protect pages in an edit war they are involved in, they cannot ban signed in users. What they can do is delete junk as it appears, ban anonymous vandals, remove pages that have been listed on Votes for deletion for more than a week, protect pages when asked to by other members, and help keep the few protected pages there are, among them the precious Main Page, up to date.

Note that almost everything you can do can be undone, so don't be too worried about making mistakes. You will find more information at Administrators, please take a look before experimenting with your new powers. Drop me a message if there are any questions or if you want to stop being a sysop (could it be?). Have fun! --Eloquence 19:18 21 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * Ooh, wow, thank you. To everyone, indeed. I'm honoured to be accepted.
 * James F. 23:13 21 Jun 2003 (UTC)

-

Current events wording confusion
What is "after encouragement to do so from American forces overseeing the rebuilding of Iraq's infrastructure" supposed to mean? Are you implying that the American forces have some sort of responsibility for the attack? If so, please elaborate -- otherwise I do not see what relevance this has. Also, if you originally wrote that item (I didn't check), please cite sources in the future. --Eloquence 20:37 5 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * Well, two different news reports both said that the US forces said that the formal march of the police officers should go ahead; that is the 'encouragement' I'm commenting on. Sorry about English not having a good enough pronoun system  :-). And I'm sorry about the lack a reference; it slipped my mind at the time.
 * -- James F. 21:51 5 Jul 2003 (UTC)

US County map discussion
Looks like we're going with 300x300. Don't forget to hit those new maps with pngcrush ;-) Let me know when they are good to go, and I'll inform our friend doing the uploading. Thanks! -- Wapcaplet 17:45 14 Jul 2003 (UTC)

Leaving hanging dates on Current events
leaving the unused day is an excellent way to encourage somebody to add something. Pizza Puzzle

 * No, it's an awful thing to do. It looks terrible. People should add news because it's news, not because there's an empty space for them to put something there.
 * James F. 03:53 20 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * There is news everyday. Pizza Puzzle

 * No, there ends up being news (almost) every day, but that often only gets added some days or even weeks after it occurred. Leaving a hanging date around is inelegant.
 * James F. 04:06 20 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * This site is a work in progress - elegance is not the goal. Pizza Puzzle

 * It's not the primary goal; it is still a goal, and one reached with surprise regularity for a 'work in progress'.
 * Either way, there is now a news article for the 19th, so the discussion is moot.
 * James F. 04:14 20 Jul 2003 (UTC)

Priv abuse comment

 * Continue and I will protect the page.

You may wish to review Eloquence's comments above, regarding protecting pages. Martin 20:02 20 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * Indeed; it was meant semi-sarcastically, and 'said' in a fit of pique, but nonetheless, I probably shouldn't have said it. Of course, protecting one's own talk page is somewhat different from anything else; howver, I apologise.
 * James F. 06:27 21 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * That's cool - sarcasm doesn't come over terribly well online. No apology necessary, and thank you for the explanation. Martin 14:49 24 Jul 2003 (UTC)

London postal codes map
Wow, that image of the London postal codes is very useful, though perhaps we might want to shrink it. Where did you find it? James F. 04:46 23 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * I found something similar on a website somewhere and basically traced over it using paintshop pro adding my own colours and text. The size is a bit of a problem. That's about the smallest you can get it whilst allowing EC2 and EC3 to still be readable.
 * Mintguy 17:18 23 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * I've uploaded a smaller image for London postcodes.
 * Mintguy 13:52 24 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * And I've just run pngcrush on it to save the last few bytes of peoples' bandwidth ;-)
 * James F. 16:24 24 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * I've just saved another 8362 bytes/23%, courtesy of careful depth reduction and optipng version 0.4.1. JamesDay 09:20, 15 Oct 2003 (UTC)

 * Hmm. Maybe I should have investigated the crushing more properly :-)
 * James F. 12:48, 15 Oct 2003 (UTC)

Please delete my images
I uploaded images with incorrect filenames ( and ) - I have since uploaded the correct ones, can you delete the crap ones, oh wonderful sysop. Ed g2s 11:27, 14 Aug 2003 (UTC)

 * Done, o little one.
 * James F. 11:31, 14 Aug 2003 (UTC)

[[Media:Bruce_sterling.jpg|Bruce Sterling picture]] cropping
cross-posted to each others' talk pages - James F., Kingturtle

You said:

 * photo needs to be reduced

... for Bruce Sterling; do you mean in colour depth, size, compression, noise, or something else? I'm happy to crop the picture (which, personally, I think you mean, but can't be sure), but don't want to do something others don't want :-)

James F. 11:03, 16 Oct 2003 (UTC)

 * i was referring to the size of that image. thanks for asking. have a good day :) :Kingturtle 14:03, 16 Oct 2003 (UTC)

 * Right. Done (uploaded to [[Media:Bruce_Sterling_cropped.jpg]] and altered Bruce Sterling). Thoughts?
 * James F. 21:59, 16 Oct 2003 (UTC)

WikiProject Programming languages
Would you be willing to join WikiProject Programming languages, we could really use your help. —Noldoaran (Talk) 04:10, Dec 17, 2003 (UTC)

Speration of sucession tables
cross-posted to each others' talk pages - James F., Lord Emsworth

I really think that we should be making a visible separation between the sucession tables for offices (e.g., Prime Minister) and titles (e.g., Baron Kevesten), and the tables shouldn't fuse together. Indeed, really, I think that the tables should be completely seperate per office or title. Some examples:

Currently:

Should be:

... or, possibly:

Your thoughts? James F. (talk) 00:03, 5 Jan 2004 (UTC)

 * I have seen the proposed succession tables that you have shown on my talk page. I was of the opinion that the first table, wherein all of the sub-tables are fused together, looks much neater, than the later ones, where separation is depicted. My general policy was to list the titles in order of "importance": first the titles in Government (Gov. General, Prime Minister, etc.) and only then a title in the peerage. Would you not agree that a fused table looks neater? -- Lord Emsworth 00:35, Jan 5, 2004 (UTC)

 * Listing in order of 'importance' is wholly appropriate, IMO; however, I think that fusing the tables together looks much less neat. So, in a word, 'no'.
 * James F. (talk) 22:29, 5 Jan 2004 (UTC)

 * Well, I felt that the succession table as one looks a little more organized, while the separate tables, with the columns of varying lenghts, looks much more chaotic. But, I am not that concerned about the fusion of fission of tables, so if it is your desire that tables be separated, please do separate them. However, I advocate at least keeping the peerage titles together in one table, as they are very much inter-related. -- Lord Emsworth 22:48, Jan 5, 2004 (UTC)

The fused tables are visually confusing. They should be kept separate. Adam 23:39, 5 Jan 2004 (UTC)

 * Right, OK, will seperate tables into a single peerage titles one, and seperate office ones. Thank you.
 * James F. (talk) 10:43, 6 Jan 2004 (UTC)

Lady Temple
cross-posted to each others' talk pages

Could you possibly shed light as to whether I am wrong in the following:

 * Hester Temple was the second holder of the title, so she was the 2nd Viscount Cobham; that she was female meant that she was referred to instead as the 2nd Viscountess Cobham (but, actually, neither, as she had a superceeding title), so he heir was the 3rd Viscount Cobham, and all carried on as one might expect there after.

... and, even though she was the first female holder of the title, she was not the 1st Viscountess Cobham. Is this correct? BTW, many thanks on behalf of... well, me, really, but your input in to the Wikipedia, especially in this rather complex field, has been great! James F. (talk) 23:21, 30 Jan 2004 (UTC)

 * Hi. You are indeed correct in referring to Lady Temple as the "2nd Viscountess Cobham." In several instances, she would just be "Countess Temple" or "Viscountess Cobham," without the ordinal. I prefer not to do so because the ordinal would imply that she was a suo jure countess, while it would seem, without the ordinal, that the title was through her husband, by courtesy. -- Emsworth 23:36, Jan 30, 2004 (UTC)

 * Right. Many thanks.
 * James F. (talk) 23:45, 30 Jan 2004 (UTC)

St Paul's School
cross-posted to each others' talk pages - James F., Jengod

Is there any particular reason you moved the above article to ... (UK)? Unless you're going to place some more information at the original location, I don't see any reason for putting in ungainly disambiguation characters... Also, it's generally considered Good Practice to change all articles that link to the pages to avoid the created redirect. James F. (talk) 23:18, 11 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * Hi. :) I moved St Paul's School to St Paul's School (UK) so St. Paul's could be a disambig page for the U.K. school and St. Paul's School (U.S.), attended by the U.S. prez candidate. Do you think we should do it a different way? I'll be happy to go rejigger the redirects once we get this all sorted out. jengod 23:23, Feb 11, 2004 (UTC)

 * Ah, right. You might consider whether an in-page disambiguation might be more suitable, however, if the US one is less 'well known' than the UK one...
 * I might get started on those redirects, in the mean time.
 * I'd imagine that you really want to move St. Paul's School (U.S.) to St Paul's School (U.S.), too...
 * James F. (talk) 02:47, 12 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * I'd imagine that you really want to move St. Paul's School (U.S.) to St Paul's School (U.S.), too... How come? Is that some spelling convention I don't know about? St. Paul's (U.S.) probably should get its own page b/c John Kerry went there. Not as many famous people, but famous enough. jengod 02:56, Feb 12, 2004 (UTC)

 * No, I meant that at the top or bottom of St Paul's School, there should be a "This article refers to the Public School in London; there is also an article about the school in North Carolina in the United States, located at St Paul's School (U.S.)." or something similar, as is done, say, on London itself.
 * About "Saint" being shortened to "St" and not "St.", yes, there is a policy about it, an no, I can't find it... ;-(
 * James F. (talk) 03:15, 12 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Protection of UN General Assembly
Why did you protect UN General Assembly? RickK 05:28, 13 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * Whoops, must have been a mistaken click. Thanks for spotting it.
 * James F. (talk) 05:30, 13 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * Not a problem. I think I've done it myself.  There should probably be a "do you really want to protect this page?" popup.  RickK 05:32, 13 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * Agreed.
 * James F. (talk) 05:36, 13 Feb 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jdforrester/Old Archive 1


text:
User talk:NPVOpolice

Hello there, welcome to the 'pedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you need pointers on how we title pages visit Naming conventions or how to format them visit our manual of style. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. Cheers! --maveric149

title: User talk:NPVOpolice


text:
User talk:Den fjättrade ankan~enwiki/Archive 1

Hello there, welcome to the 'pedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you need pointers on how we title pages visit Naming conventions or how to format them visit our manual of style. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. Cheers! --maveric149 - What are you doing with The Swedish royal hymn? It redirects to the Swedish version, which redirects back to the english title, which re-re-directs back to the Swedish one, which re-re-re-directs back to the english title. ..

Two things:
 * 1) If it is in Swedish it should not be on english wiki, unless it is provided with an english translation alongside.
 * 2) If it is a primary text it probably shouldn't be on wiki anyway (though a number of anthems are, so if you provide a few paragraphs of history about it before the words it might be OK.
 * 3) Swedish royal hymn sounds wrong. Firstly, it would be capitalised as Swedish Royal Hymn given that it is referring to a specific anthem and not just royal hymns in general. Secondly, in english it probably would be written as the Swedish Royal Anthem. (BTW, is it the national anthem of Sweden or the anthem of the Royal Family? In Australia, for example, the national anthem and the royal anthem are not the same.  That might be the case in Sweden too.

In any case, just be careful with re-directs and don't put the text exclusively in Swedish on the english wiki. If you can, accompany it with the english translation. wikilove. FearÉIREANN 02:06 6 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * It was not I that did that redirection things, it was User:Zoe. Check who's done what before you complain, please. Den fjättrade ankan 02:11 6 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Helt galet bra användarnamn.

Bias
Please explain to me how the bias of having prisoners in the sample will still be present after removing prisoners from the sample.—Eloquence 00:02, Dec 3, 2003 (UTC)
 * To be unbiased, every person in a population should have an equal opportunity to be included in the sample taken. Therefore, if the original sample don't fulfil this request, it's impossible to afterward correct the sample to be unbiased, whether you remove some people from the sample or not. The bias will always be present. Den fjättrade ankan 06:24, 31 Jan 2004 (UTC)

Flag of Katanga
Some time ago, you placed a request for images of the flag of Katanga on the Requested pictures page. I just made two images, one [[Media:flag_katanga_large.png | large]] and one [[Media:flag_katanga_medium.png | medium]], of the flag used by Katanga during its brief period of independence. I assume that this is what you were looking for, so I removed the request from the Requested Pictures page. However, you might have been looking for the flag of the current province (which might be different - I don't know), not the historical one. If so, I'll put the request back. Thanks. -- Vardion 02:57, 31 Jan 2004 (UTC)

 * It was the flag used by Katanga during its brief period of independence I wanted. Thanks! Den fjättrade ankan 06:24, 31 Jan 2004 (UTC)

Stockholm pic
Hi! I've slightly messed up your Stockholm aerial view and can't restore things, even by reverting. I downloaded your pic to my computer (I'm in England), corrected the heavily sloping horizon and reuploaded. But to my surprise only the thumbnail shows the level horizon and the big one is still sloping! This is weird because the software creates the thumb from the big one. Even reversion still leaves the sloping one. None of this serious but I thought I'd let you know. Adrian Pingstone 09:04, 28 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Finland-Swedish
You are welcome to make specified proposals at Talk:Finland-Swedish! /Tuomas 12:33, 27 Jun 2004 (UTC)

hasty moves
Hi!

I moved the page Maamme back to its previous title.

Please don't move pages without first proposing and arguing for the move at the talk page in question, and please understand that such a discussion better is to be given weeks' time to give us a chance to ponder the issue and get arguments also from less frequent contributors.

/Tuomas 17:19, 29 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Please do not treat Finland as any subsidiary of Sweden
You should understand that the town of Hamina (in Swedish, Fredrikshamn) is located in Finland, and therefore its name should be in its Finnish form when written in English text.

I would not change the name "Stockholm" into "Tukholma", though Tukholma is more familiar version to me.

 * When talking about a peace treaty between Sweden and Russia, during the time when Finland was a part of Sweden, like the Treaty of Fredrikshamn, the Swedish name should be used, anything else would be anachronistic. No one talks about the Battle of Volgograd instead of the Battle of Stalingrad just because Stalingrad now is named Volgograd.

 * And please do sign your comments.
 * Den fjättrade ankan 22:10, 1 Jul 2004 (UTC)

I requested here you to use "Hamina" as the name of the town now in Finland, not your "Fredrikshamn". Where here did I say anything about the name af the treaty? Please kindly read comments VERY carefully. You seem to assume more than said.

Discussion about the Treaty is already on: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Treaty_of_Fredrikshamn

However, let me remind that Hamina at that time was NOT a part of Sweden. Your argument of anachronism goes directly against your own naming position in the case of the Treaty.

213.243.157.114 18:26, 3 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Elias Lönnrot
Without discussing your intent, you have today changed a fact in Elias Lönnrot, although the matter has been under discussion in the article´s discussion page. It also seems that you do not have proper grounds for your claim that Elias Lönnrot himself was a Finland-Swede. 213.243.157.114 17:53, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Canute the great
So Canute the great was not temporarily a king of Sweden. If he is said to have controlled the Mälar Valley why has he not been a king of Sweden? Are we talking semantics? Do you mean that he was not a king of Sweden because he was not elected at Mora stenar? Do you mean that the Mälar valley was a fringe area of Sweden? Do you mean that he had to controll everything from Ystad to Treriksröset? He even had his own coins minted at Sigtuna. That is a pretty strong indiction of his own opinion in this matter.--Wiglaf 20:54, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * No, Canute the great was not temporarily a king of Sweden. You didn't become a king of Sweden just by temporalily having military control of the Mälar Valley. The Mälar Valley was one of the central parts of Sweden, the other was Götaland, which he did not control. He was never recognized as a king of Sweden, he just had a temporalily military control of some parts of Sweden. Kings of Sweden was those who was recognized i both Götaland and Svealand as kings. And for the coins, it isn't proven that he had coins minted in Sigtuna. Den fjättrade ankan 21:32, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)

It is disputable whether Sweden, in those days, included Götaland, isn't it? Even though, Götaland is intrinsic to our modern concept of Sweden, it was hardly so in the age of sagas, nor in the age of Canute. And, yes, I know that there is a Västgötaskola, but it is still a fringe belief in these matters.--Wiglaf 21:52, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * In Swedish encyclopedias only those that are recognized as kings in both Svealand and Götaland are counted as kings of Sweden. By the way, I don't believe in Västgötaskolan. Den fjättrade ankan 22:15, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Yes, but on the other hand, Swedish encyclopedias start with Erik Segersäll who was king of both Svealand and Götaland. This is not because he was the first king of Sweden. It is because he was the first historically verifiable king together with his son Olof. Well, do as you please. It is not that important.

Rebecka Liljeberg
I've moved the page back and reverted your edits. Liljeberg spells her name with the 'k' in every language. The only time, to my knowledge, she has ever been referred to as "Rebecca" was when she was at school. Ambi 21:43, 2 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Please don't start a revert war. I explained why I reverted you. [edit] I just saw your comments on the page itself, and replied over there. Ambi 00:12, 4 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Finn Kydland
Why did you move the article to Finn E. Kydland. His page on Carnegie Mellon syas his middle initial is K. Nelson Ricardo 14:47, Oct 11, 2004 (UTC)

 * At http://nobelprize.org/economics/laureates/2004/index.html Den fjättrade ankan 14:48, 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Nevermind. My stupid mistake.Nelson Ricardo 14:49, Oct 11, 2004 (UTC)
 * But the link on the main page is still red. I've forced reload. Nelson Ricardo 14:51, Oct 11, 2004 (UTC)
 * It's not red for me. Den fjättrade ankan 14:55, 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Thirty years' war
Tack för påpekandet om var bilderna i den engelska artikeln om det trettioåriga kriget tagit vägen...Jag undrar varför den anonyme användaren raderade dem! Jag ska lägga tillbaka dem. — David Remahl 19:39, 11 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Croatian flag
Would you be so kind to update sv:Bild:Kroatiens flagga stor.png with en:Image:Croatia flag large.png? TIA. --Joy [shallot]   00:23, 29 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Article Licensing
Hi, I've started a drive to get users to multi-license all of their contributions that they've made to either (1) all U.S. state, county, and city articles or (2) all articles, using the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC-by-sa) v1.0 and v2.0 Licenses or into the public domain if they prefer. The CC-by-sa license is a true free documentation license that is similar to Wikipedia's license, the GFDL, but it allows other projects, such as WikiTravel, to use our articles. Since you are among the top 1000 Wikipedians by edits, I was wondering if you would be willing to multi-license all of your contributions or at minimum those on the geographic articles. Over 90% of people asked have agreed. For More Information:
 * Multi-Licensing FAQ - Lots of questions answered
 * Multi-Licensing Guide
 * Free the Rambot Articles Project

To allow us to track those users who muli-license their contributions, many users copy and paste the " " template into their user page, but there are other options at Template messages/User namespace. The following examples could also copied and pasted into your user page:

 * Option 1
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions, with the exception of my user pages, as described below:

OR
 * Option 2
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions to any U.S. state, county, or city article as described below:

Or if you wanted to place your work into the public domain, you could replace " " with "  ". If you only prefer using the GFDL, I would like to know that too. Please let me know what you think at my talk page. It's important to know either way so no one keeps asking. – Ram-Man (comment) (talk)  15:07, Dec 9, 2004 (UTC)

Image copyright
Thanks for uploading the image Image:16-type futhark.png. I notice it currently doesn't have an image copyright tag. Could you add one to let us know its copyright status? Untagged images may be deleted, since we have no way of knowing whether it's legal to them. (You can use if you release it under the GFDL, or  if you claim fair use, etc.) If you want to reply, please use my talk page. Thanks, Oliver Lineham 23:53, 2004 Dec 19 (UTC)

 * GFDL, created by me. Den fjättrade ankan 22:31, 23 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Hi! Could I ask you the same about this image: Image:Map of downtown Rome during the Roman Empire large.jpg? Thanks again. PRiis 21:39, 23 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * PD, taken from Nordisk familjebok. Den fjättrade ankan 22:31, 23 Dec 2004 (UTC)

thank you everybody
I would like to express my thanks to everybody helping in the nomination of Antarctic krill. I think 3 1/2 supports and a long long discussion are an unexpected and great outcome for a critter so remote and unknown - you should see how little and poor Antarctic krill is represented in Encarta and Britannica - this is the best reviewed and resourced general article of krill we know of - it is impossible to fullfill all wishes at the same time - this is what we did with our all product peer review stamp to qualify this stage of the article for academic exercises, especially for our dreams of a Virtual university within Wikiversity - good luck to you all Uwe Kils 21:48, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC) hallo to fine Seden (I am originally from Flensburg and homesick

lots of edits, not an admin
Hi - I made a list of users who've been around long enough to have made lots of edits but aren't admins. If you're at all interested in becoming an admin, can you please add an '*' immediately before your name in this list? I've suggested folks nominating someone might want to puruse this list, although there is certainly no guarantee anyone will ever look at it. Thanks. -- Rick Block (talk) 17:52, Jun 17, 2005 (UTC)

Vasco da Gama
An article that you've edited before (Vasco da Gama) is nominated for Article Improvement Drive. If you want go there and vote. Thanks. Gameiro 02:58, 31 August 2005 (UTC)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau gallery
You have in the past edited William-Adolphe Bouguereau. A related article, the William-Adolphe Bouguereau gallery has been nominated for deletion for violating WP:NOT (AfD here). A proposal to modify WP:NOT is here. Please join either or both conversations and comment as you see fit. Dsmdgold 16:50, 13 December 2005 (UTC)

Plotting programs and computer algebra systems: Better off elsewhere?
Hi, just saw your edit of statistical package - could you take another look and move those that better suit List_of_computer_algebra_systems and List_of_graphing_software in those places? Thanks. - Samsara contrib talk 23:02, 25 January 2006 (UTC)

SHAZAM
Hi, I noticed you moved SHAZAM. I don't know much about it, but I'll trust the all caps is the more common designation. Do you happen to use it? (There was also a disambiguation page for shazam. I edited it to point to SHAZAM.) Coleca 03:03, 3 February 2006 (UTC)

EViews
Please do not remove speedy deletion tags from articles. If you do not believe the article deserves to be deleted, then please place hangon on the page and make your case on the article's talk page. Administrators will look at your reasoning before deciding what to do with the article. Thank you. --Bugturd Talk 03:14, 3 February 2006 (UTC)

 * I am glad that you have expanded the article. The point is that the db-nocontent tag should not have been removed by you.  That is why the hangon template is included with the tag.
 * From the db-nocontent tag:

 * "If you disagree with its speedy deletion, please explain why on its talk page or at Wikipedia:Speedy deletions. If this page obviously does not meet the criteria for speedy deletion, or you intend to fix it, please remove this notice, but do not remove this notice from pages that you have created yourself. (emphasis added)
 * If you intend to explain why you disagree with the speedy deletion, you may find it useful to insert the template hangon into this article prior to writing your explanation. This will alert administrators to your intention, and may permit you the time to write your explanation."
 * Please refer to this guideline in the future. Thanks. --Bugturd  Talk 16:28, 3 February 2006 (UTC)

Please check your WP:NA entry
Greetings, editor! Your name appears on List of non-admins with high edit counts. If you have not done so lately, please take a look at that page and check your listing to be sure that following the particulars are correct: Thank you, and have a wiki wiki day! bd2412 T 04:13, 17 February 2006 (UTC)
 * 1) If you are an admin, please remove your name from the list.
 * 2) If you are currently interested in being considered for adminship, please be sure your name is in bold; if you are opposed to being considered for adminship, please cross out your name (but do not delete it, as it will automatically be re-added in the next page update).
 * 3) Please check to see if you are in the right category for classification by number of edits.

Bad manners
Imagine someone had a userbox like yours for the EU for Sweden or for other unions like the US, the UK, or the United Arab Emirates. It is just bad manners. ROGNNTUDJUU! 20:27, 4 March 2006 (UTC)

Hej
Vad hände med de 3 första ankorna ;) Bahh upptäckte att det inte står den fjärde ankan mitt misstag ;)

Så vad brukar du gör på wiki och brukar du göra något på den svenska versionen?

(Deng 10:45, 8 April 2006 (UTC))

Gnumeric
The latest stable release of Gnumeric is 1.6.3, whereas 1.7.0 is the latest development release. This follows GNOME standard version numbering. Even numbers are stable releases, and odd numbers are unstable releases. Please stop changing the Gnumeric article when you don't know what you are doing. bruce89 12:15, 5 June 2006 (UTC)

Hello! §ǫŋα Κäйĩкá Çђøωδħаŕψ 19:03, 19 July 2006 (UTC)

JEL User Codes
Hi! Thanks for using the JEL user code classification for Category:Econometrics software. I hope this will prove useful JQ 05:18, 8 August 2006 (UTC)

General edits
Hi! Thanks for editing some of the categories on the statistics pages. Could you leave an edit message when you do that? Or mark it as a minor edit? Thanks! Chris53516 14:32, 18 August 2006 (UTC)

F-statistics
I have deleted category:statistics from this article about population genetics. It is unfortunate that the name is similar to the term in statistics, but it is not the same concept. There is a disambiguation statement at the top of the page: ''This article is not about F-statistics as that term is understood in statistical inference, especially analysis of variance and linear regression. See F-test and F-distribution.'' If you have any concerns about this, please let me know. Cheers! TedTalk/Contributions 15:26, 18 August 2006 (UTC)

Should this be a subpage?
Technically this is the user talk page of User:Den fjättrade ankan Archive 1 - perhaps this should be moved to User talk:Den fjättrade ankan/Archive 1? bd2412 T 15:47, 29 August 2006 (UTC)


text:
Crwth

The crwth, also called a crowd or rote or crotta, is a bowed lyre, a type of stringed instrument, associated particularly with Welsh music, now archaic but once widely played in Europe. Four historical examples have survived and are to be found in St Fagans National Museum of History (Cardiff); National Library of Wales (Aberystwyth); Warrington Museum & Art Gallery; and the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston (US).

Origin of the name
The name crwth is Welsh, derived from a Proto-Celtic noun *krutto- ("round object" ) which refers to a swelling or bulging out, a pregnant appearance or a protuberance, and it is speculated that it came to be used for the instrument because of its bulging shape. Other Celtic words for violin also have meanings referring to rounded appearances. In Gaelic, for example, "cruit" can mean "hump" or "hunch" as well as harp or violin. Like several other English loanwords from Welsh, the name is one of the few words in the English language in which the letter W alone is used to indicate a vowel.

The traditional English name is crowd (or rote), and the variants crwd, crout and crouth are little-used today. In Medieval Latin it is called the chorus or crotta. The Welsh word crythor means a performer on the crwth. The Irish word is cruit, although it also was used on occasion to designate certain small harps. The English surnames Crewther, Crowder, Crother and Crowther denote a player of the crowd, as do the Scottish names MacWhirter and MacWhorter.

For this article's purposes, crwth denotes the modern, or most recent, form of the instrument (see picture).

History
The crwth is quite a peculiar, very old instrument, which Aenantius Fortunatus, as early as about 609 A.D, specifies as British (chrotta Britanna canit). The chrotta was originally strung with three, later with six, strings, and was played with a bow. It is quite possible that the chrotta is the oldest bowed instrument and the antecesor to the violin

A variety of string instruments so designated are thought to have been played in Wales since at least Roman times. Continuous, clear records of the use of crwth to denote an instrument of the lyre (or the Byzantine bowed lyre) class date from the 11th century. Medieval instruments somewhat resembling the crwth appear in pictures (first in Continental Europe) as far back as the 11th century, shortly after bowing was first known in the West. In Wales, the crwth long took second place to the harp in the musical hierarchy.

Schlesinger in the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica mentioned the crwth in an article about transition of instruments from the lyre to plucked and bowed instruments: "...The rotta represents the first step in the evolution of the cithara, when arms and cross-bar were replaced by a frame joined to the body, the strings being usually restricted to eight or less...The next step was the addition of a finger-board and the consequent reduction of the strings to three or four, since each string was now capable of producing several notes...As soon as the neck was added to the guitar-shaped body, the instrument ceased to be a rotta and became a guitar (q.v.), or a guitar-fiddle (q.v.) if played with the bow.""

Physical description and playing technique
The crwth consists of a fairly simple box construction with a flat, fretless fingerboard and six gut strings, purportedly tuned gg´c´c´´d´d´´. The original report of that tuning (Edward Jones, Musical and Poetical Relicks of the Welsh Bards; London: 1784), from which most subsequent others appear to draw their information, uses arbitrary pitch designations for illustrative purposes. Jones also states that the tuning procedure began by tightening the highest string as much as possible without breaking it, subsequently tuning the others to it intervallically. Such was not an uncommon practice in the days before standardized pitch and was, in fact, mentioned in other manuals on string instrument playing.

While Jones's report was widely read and used as the basis of a number of subsequent accounts, and therefore today is often considered to be evidence of a standard tuning, it is more likely that a variety of tunings were experimented with and in some cases employed, as was and still is the case with many other string instruments, particularly those within folk cultures. A second tuning, reported by William Bingley (A Tour Round North Wales; London: 1800), features the drones tuned in octaves, with the strings over the fingerboard tuned in paired fifths rather than seconds. However this tuning is almost certainly derived from later violin playing and is impractical given that the crwth is equipped with a flat bridge and therefore designed to play all six strings simultaneously.

Traditionally the soundbox, or resonator, and a surmounting yoke in the shape of an inverted U (see picture of player), were carved as a single unit from a block of maple or sycamore. The soundboard, or belly, a separate piece (the upper surface, nearest the strings), was most often made of deal or some other soft wood, and the bridge was usually made of cherry or some other fruitwood. Two soundholes, or circular openings about an inch to an inch and a quarter in diameter, were cut into the soundboard to allow pulsating air from the soundbox to escape and strengthen the tone. The two G strings (to use Jones's terminology – see above) ran parallel to the fingerboard, but not over it, so those strings were used as fixed-pitch drones which could be plucked by the player's left thumb. The remaining strings, which were tightened and loosened with metal harp wrest-pins and a tuning key or wrench, were usually bowed with a horsehair and wood bow. One characteristic feature of the crwth is that one leg of the bridge goes through a soundhole (see picture of player) and rests on the back of the instrument (the bottom of the soundbox). Although it has been conjectured that this is a primitive attempt at a sound post, or anima, something the instrument lacks, it is equally likely that it is designed to take some of the downward pressure of the tightened strings off the soundboard. Since that piece is flat, unbraced, and usually made of soft wood, it is much weaker than the belly of a violin.

All surviving pictures of crwth players show a playing position with the lower end of the crwth braced against the chest, supported with a strap around the player's neck (see picture). The sound of the crwth was described by medieval poet Gruffydd ap Dafydd ap Hywel as 'in the hand a hundred voices' (yn y llaw yn gan llais'), referring to the rich sound of six strings sounded simultaneously in harmony. Along with the harp and timpan, the six-stringed crwth was one of the three main string instruments of the Welsh according to the medieval Triads, and an instrument of the aristocracy with its own native repertoire and a strict examination system though which a master crwth player had to pass. A three-stringed version also existed which required less skill and was played by minstrels.

The tone of the crwth is softer and rougher than the modern violin, and has a comfortable melody range of an octave by the use of third position, although it is possible to reach an octave and a half by the use of higher positions. It's sound that goes well with the timbres of the harp and pibgorn (hornpipe). For all its technical limitations, the crwth has great charm, and is much more than a historical curiosity. Research over about the last thirty-five years, and particularly experimentation with tunings, have shown it to have been much more versatile and facile than was once assumed, although it definitely was not a prototype of modern orchestral bowed string instruments, which emerged from an altogether different branch of the complex string family tree. Historically, it represents the logical end of a line of development, not an early stage of another.

Welsh legends
There are a number of legends in Wales related to Crythor Du or "The Black (Haired) Crwth Player", the most notable of which is "Y Crythor Du a'r Bleiddiaid" or "The Black (Haired) Crwth Player and the Wolves", where the main character escapes attack from a pack of hungry wolves by playing in turn forcefully, melodiously and gently. Another legend has a player and his servant dying of cold in Beddgelert, noted by Welsh antiquarian Edward Lhuyd. There is also the "Cave of the black crwth player" near Criccieth, which is said to have been the inspiration for the tune Ffarwél Ned Puw or 'Farewell Dick the Piper'.

Today
A number of modern reconstructions of the crwth have been made; makers include Guy Flockhart, Nial Cain, Michael J. King, Hank Taylor and Gerard Kilbride. A handful of folk musicians are reviving the tradition of playing this instrument, among them Cass Meurig, who is the best-known modern player and who in 2004 released the album Crwth, the world's second CD of crwth music, in 2004 on the Fflach:tradd label. (Meurig also plays with the groups Fernhill and Pigyn Clust.) Other musicians include Bob Evans (Bragod), Dan Morris (Cilmeri), and Sedayne. The repertoire of surviving crwth tunes is very small, although many other traditional tunes can be adapted for the instrument and new tunes are being written for it. It is also used by several early music groups, including Cancionero.

title: Crwth


text: Talk:Underground

title: Talk:Underground


text:
Stammer (disambiguation)

A stammer or stutter is a speech disorder typified by the involuntary repetition of a sound or sounds.

Stammer may also refer to:
 * "Stammer", a song by the Supernaturals from It Doesn't Matter Anymore

People with the surname

 * Kay Stammers (1914–2005), British tennis player
 * Keith Stammers, 20th-century English politician
 * Reinhard Stammer (born 1952), German painter & artist
 * Richard Stammers, special effects artist
 * Stan Stammers (born 1961), British punk musician

title: Stammer (disambiguation)


text:
Talk:Stammering

(First comments)
At the moment, this page is just redirecting the stuttering. Aren't stuttering and stammering two different things? --Paul A 14:42 Feb 28, 2003 (UTC)

 * Are they? I thought they were the same.
 * http://www.stammering.org. says:
 * "Welcome to the website of the British Stammering Association, dealing with the condition known in the UK as stammering and elsewhere as stuttering."
 * -- The Anome 14:48 Feb 28, 2003 (UTC)

This page is nothing but a reproduction of the following article http://www.irishhealth.com/index.html?level=4&con=101 The difference between Stuttering and stammring is no different from the difference between lift and escalator. So this page be directed to stuttering Sidfever 10:09, 27 February 2006 (UTC)

 * The difference between a lift and escalator is huge. I think you mean elevator. The word lift also has many many more definitions, please look in a dictionary. This is an analogy of stammering-stuttering, The world stuttering is used in many instances not relating to the speech condition dysphemia. Thank you in advance:== Liz Bradley-Davis ==(86.18.181.8, talk) 19:40 Feb 27, 2006 (GMT)

 * I have a speech problem and I have always called it a stammer. However, I know others like me who call theirs a stutter.  I think it is a personal preference as to what it is called but a stammer and a stutter (in the context of speaking) are both one and the same.  I hope this clears any confusion. Thank you: == Mike B ==(81.156.156.203, talk) 19:28 Mar 16, 2006 (GMT)

Stuttering and stammering in the context of speech are identical in meaning, However!! the criteria with which people search for the 2 words is different. Stuttering is also used to signify faultering intermittent progress, as in " the car came to a stuttering stop" or "the giants have stuttered all season in mid table" for this reason I see stammering as a more direct definitive and specific term which should be separately indexed with multiple links between pages. Thank you in advance: Liz Bradley-Davis ==(86.18.181.8, talk) 19:40 Feb 27, 2006 (GMT)

Stammering is typically used in the UK, and Stuttering in North America. The pages should be merged.--Slp 18:39, 25 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Yes, the pages should most definitely be merged. Minor semantic quibbles such as a car stuttering and so forth are entirely irrelevant. this is after all an encyclopedia and not a dictionary. It is certainly right for wikipedians to look at philological matters, but only to make things clearer. In this case it simply confuses the issue. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.128.108.182 (talk • contribs) 21.31,31 Mar 2006

Is hypnosis really a cure for stammering?
In the article about stammering, the author of the first few paragraphs seems convinced that a few sessions of hypnotherapy is enough to cure most people of stammering. However, this simply isn't the case in the real world. As a stammerer, I know how difficult it is finding a cure. I don't even think there is one. I have tried many treatments - speech therapy, drama therapy groups, relaxation courses and even hypnotherapy. Unfortunately none of these have worked for me.

There are however two distinct forms of stammering. Firstly there is what is known as a developmental stammer. This usually develops of its own accord during childhood and sometimes continues through to adulthood. Some people naturally lose their developmental stammers in their late teens - they're the lucky ones! There is no known cure for this type of stammering though. Secondly there are acquired stammers. Any person may acquire a stammer if they have a heart attack or if they suffer brain damage during an accident. These types of stammers can be cured through speech therapy, counselling and maybe even hypnotherapy.

I have a developmental stammer and I am past the stage where nature can cure me. I'll be lucky if a man-made cure comes along in my life-time - and I am not being negative here, I am being realistic. Very little is actually known about stammering and this is why there is no definite cure (or a cure that helps every stammerer). Think of it as a 20-piece jigsaw puzzle. The experts only really have one piece of this stammering jigsaw and there is no picture showing what the finished puzzle will look like. I think it really is a bit rash to declare that hypnosis is the cure for this hateful affliction called stammering. In 100 years time it might prove to be the cure but at this stage no one knows enough about it and there isn't enough evidence available for anyone to make this kind of a suggestion.

Thanks, Mike B.==(81.156.156.203, talk) 16 Mar 2006)

title: Talk:Stammering


text:
Augment (Indo-European)

The augment is an Indo-European verbal prefix used in Indo-Iranian, Greek, Phrygian, Armenian, and Albanian, to indicate past time. The augment might be either a Proto-Indo-European archaic feature lost elsewhere or a common innovation in those languages. In the oldest attested daughter languages, such as Vedic Sanskrit and early Greek, it is used optionally. The same verb forms when used without the augment carry an injunctive sense.

The augment originally appears to have been a separate word, with the potential meaning of 'there, then', which in time got fused to the verb. The augment is  in PIE (é- in Greek, á- in Sanskrit) and always bears the accent.

Greek
The predominant scholarly view on the prehistory of the augment is that it was originally a separate grammatical particle, although dissenting opinions have occasionally been voiced.

Homeric Greek
In Homer, past-tense (aorist or imperfect) verbs appeared both with and without an augment.

Ancient Greek
In Ancient Greek, the verb λέγω légo "I say" has the aorist ἔλεξα élexa "I  said." The initial ε e is the augment. When it comes before a consonant, it is called the "syllabic augment" because it adds a syllable. Sometimes the syllabic augment appears before a vowel because the initial consonant of the verbal root (usually digamma) was lost:
 * *έ-ϝιδον *é-widon → (loss of digamma) *ἔιδον *éidon → (synaeresis) εἶδον eîdon

When the augment is added before a vowel, the augment and the vowel are contracted and the vowel becomes long: ἀκούω akoúō "I hear", ἤκουσα ḗkousa "I heard". It is sometimes called the "temporal augment" because it increases the time needed to pronounce the vowel.

Modern Greek
Unaccented syllabic augment disappeared in some dialects during the Byzantine period as a result of the loss of unstressed initial syllables, this feature being inherited by Standard Modern Greek. However, accented syllabic augments have remained in place. So Ancient ἔλυσα, ἐλύσαμεν (élūsa, elū́samen) "I loosened, we loosened" corresponds to Modern έλυσα, λύσαμε (élisa, lísame). The temporal augment has not survived in the vernacular, which leaves the initial vowel unaltered: Ancient ἀγαπῶ, ἠγάπησα (agapô, ēgápēsa) "I love, I loved"; Modern αγαπώ, αγάπησα (agapó, agápisa).

Sanskrit
The augment is used in Sanskrit to form the imperfect, aorist, pluperfect and conditional. When the verb has a prefix, the augment always sits between the prefix and the root. The following examples of verb forms in the third-person singular illustrate the phenomenon:

When the root starts with any of the vowels i-, u- or ṛ, the vowel is subject not to guṇa but vṛddhi.

 * icch·á·ti -> aí·cch·a·t
 * urṇó·ti -> aú·rṇo·t
 * ṛdh·nó·ti -> ā́r·dh·no·t

Other

 * Phrygian seems to have had an augment.
 * Classical Armenian had an augment, in the form of e-.
 * Yaghnobi, an East Iranian language spoken in Tajikistan, has an augment.

Constructed languages
In J. R. R. Tolkien's Quenya, the repetition of the first vowel before the perfect (for instance utúlië, perfect tense of túlë, "come") is reminiscent of the Indo-European augment in both form and function, and is referred to by the same name in Tolkien's grammar of the language.

title: Augment (Indo-European)


text:
Laryngeal

Laryngeal may mean
 * pertaining to the larynx
 * in Indo-European linguistics, a consonant postulated in the laryngeal theory
 * Laryngeal consonant

title: Laryngeal


text:
Norman Fowler, Baron Fowler

Peter Norman Fowler, Baron Fowler, (born 2 February 1938) is a British politician who served as a member of both Margaret Thatcher and John Major's ministries during the 1980s and 1990s. He held the office of Lord Speaker from 1 September 2016 to 30 April 2021.

After serving as Shadow Minister of Transport, Fowler was appointed Minister of Transport in 1979, being responsible for making seat belts compulsory. Later, as Secretary of State for Health and Social Services, he drew public attention to the dangers of AIDS. He resigned from the cabinet as Employment Secretary, and was knighted in 1990.

Fowler was Chairman of the Conservative Party from 1992 to 1994, Shadow Secretary of State for Environment, Transport and the Regions from 1997 to 1998, and Shadow Home Secretary from 1998 to 1999. In 2001, he was created a Conservative life peer. He renounced party political allegiance upon taking office as Lord Speaker. On 25 February 2021, he announced that in April he would be stepping down as Lord Speaker to focus on campaigning work, particularly in relation to AIDS.

Early life
Fowler was born on 2 February 1938 to Norman Frederick Fowler and Katherine (née Baker). He is an only child. He was educated at King Edward VI Grammar School in Chelmsford, Essex. After school, he did National Service as a second lieutenant in the Essex Regiment. He then studief at Trinity Hall, Cambridge (BA Economics & Law 1961). He was Chairman of the Cambridge University Conservative Association in Michaelmas 1960, in which term he entertained both the Prime Minister Harold Macmillan and Home Secretary Rab Butler. Following university, became a journalist, and worked at The Times.

Member of Parliament
Fowler, who had aspired to become an MP since childhood, was elected for Nottingham South in 1970; after the seat was abolished, he switched to Sutton Coldfield at the February 1974 election.

In opposition
During the mid-1970s, Mr. Fowler was Shadow Minister of Transport. In April 1976, he was photographed outside the Palace of Westminster having just taken delivery of his third four-cylinder MG MGB GT – he had reportedly rejected the idea of buying a V8 version on account of the cost.

In government
Upon Margaret Thatcher becoming Prime Minister in 1979, she did not immediately appoint Fowler to her Cabinet, explaining: "we were short of one place. As a result, Norman Fowler, as Minister of State at Transport, was not able to be an official member of the Cabinet, although he attended all our meetings."

As Secretary of State for Transport, Fowler drove through Lord Nugent's 1981 bill to make seat belts compulsory, a law that came into force in 1983.

As Secretary of State for Health and Social Security in 1986, Fowler implemented the first official drive to educate the British public to the dangers of AIDS. Under his tenure, awareness about how the disease was spread was transmitted through posters, newspaper advertisements, and television campaigns. The main campaign "Don't Die of Ignorance" included mailing a leaflet to 23 million homes. By 1987 a Gallup Poll showed that 98% of the public was aware of how HIV was transmitted, and the vast majority supported Fowler's campaign. By 1990 infection rates in the UK were below those of peer nations, including France and the US.

Some Conservatives, including Thatcher herself, objected to the frank content of these messages, which contained material about needle usage and intravenous drugs, as well as discussions about the risks of unprotected sex. During this time, Thatcher told Fowler that she felt he had become known as the "minister for Aids", and she disapproved of this. The following year, she moved him to the role of Secretary of State for Employment.

Backbenches, retirement and Shadow Cabinet
Fowler later resigned from the Cabinet in January 1990. He later claimed that he was the first politician to cite a desire to spend more time with family as the reason for leaving office. The phrase has been reused by many others as a reason for a resignation, and is often treated as insincere or euphemistic, though Fowler has said he was being literal, as he worried he was growing distant from his young children.

Following his resignation from the frontbench, Fowler was knighted in 1990.

Fowler then returned twice to front-line politics, first as Chairman of the Conservative Party (as a backbencher in Parliament) from 1992 to 1994, during which time he oversaw the parliamentary boundary changes of the early 1990s; then on the Conservative front bench as Shadow Secretary of State for Environment, Transport and the Regions (1997–98) and finally as Shadow Home Secretary (1998–99).

In 2001, Fowler stepped down as a Member of Parliament.

House of Lords
After standing down from the House of Commons, he entered the House of Lords, sitting on the Conservative benches as Baron Fowler, of Sutton Coldfield, in the County of West Midlands. He had first been offered a peerage in 1989.

In 2003, Lord Fowler proposed that the European Union should appoint a high-level coordinator with ambassadorial rank to deal with the AIDS epidemic.

In 2006, Fowler chaired a House of Lords select committee which criticised the use of the television licence fee, which is used to fund the BBC.

His book A Political Suicide (Politico's Publishing ISBN 978-1-84275-227-2) was published in 2008, and was shortlisted for the Channel 4 Political Book of the Year Award.

In May 2013, Fowler gave his support to legislation aiming to extend marriage rights to same-sex couples, stating: "Parliament should value people equally in the law, and that enabling same-sex couples to marry removes the current inequity."

He was elected as Lord Speaker in 2016. He is the third person and first man to hold the office since it was established by the Constitutional Reform Act 2005. Fowler has stated that he favours reducing the House of Lords to 600 members.

On 19 March 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic he announced that he would be withdrawing from Westminster and remote working, with deputy speakers taking over his role in the House of Lords, but he returned in July to continue his role.

On 25 February 2021, Fowler announced that he would be stepping down ahead of the introduction of a series of structural and organisational changes and announced that it would be best if those changes were "seen through by the team who will be implementing them". He also stated his desire to stand down in order to "speak his mind" as an independent member of the House of Lords on issues he has campaigned for, in particular LGBT rights in the United Kingdom and HIV and AIDS. In March 2021, Fowler backed calls for the UK's first ever national AIDS memorial, with the aim of fighting stigma and discrimination against those with HIV and AIDS.

Private sector
Lord Fowler has served on the board of directors of several companies and is non-executive chairman of Aggregate Industries plc. He is a member of the National Union of Journalists.

Personal life
After a previous marriage ended in divorce, Fowler married Fiona Poole, a library clerk at the House of Commons, in 1979. They had two daughters, and Fowler became a stepfather to his wife's son from her prior marriage.

, Fowler lives in Fulham, London.

title: Norman Fowler, Baron Fowler


text:
Indo-Iranian

Indo-Iranian may refer to:
 * Indo-Iranian languages
 * Indo-Iranians, the various peoples speaking these languages
 * India–Iran relations
 * Indo-Iranian Journal

title: Indo-Iranian


text:
Talk:Microeconomics

relevance of a certain header phrase
"(from Greek prefix mikro- meaning "small" + economics)" is this really necessary? one would think that was already implied, and this isn't even close to a proper etymology Ronan.Iroha (talk) 06:46, 26 April 2021 (UTC)

Micro economy
Male 37.111.222.118 (talk) 13:37, 24 November 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Microeconomics


text:
U of T

U of T may refer to:

 * Albania
 * University of Tirana

 * Canada
 * University of Toronto

 * Estonia
 * University of Tartu

 * Iran
 * University of Tehran

 * Japan
 * University of Tokyo

 * Netherlands
 * University of Twente, alternatively known as Universiteit Twente

 * Puerto Rico
 * University of Turabo, alternatively known as Universidad del Turabo

 * United States
 * University of Tampa
 * University of Tennessee
 * University of Texas
 * University of Toledo
 * University of Tulsa

title: U of T