text:
Mount Sinai Memorial Park Cemetery

Mount Sinai Memorial Park Cemetery is the largest Jewish mortuary and Jewish cemetery organization in California. Many notable Jewish people from the entertainment and arts industry are buried here.

History
Mount Sinai Memorial Parks and Mortuaries, owned by Sinai Temple of Los Angeles, refers to a Jewish mortuary and two Jewish cemeteries in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. The original cemetery property is located at 5950 Forest Lawn Drive in the Hollywood Hills of Los Angeles. The cemetery was originally established in 1953 by the neighboring Forest Lawn-Hollywood Hills Cemetery. In 1959, it became an exclusively Jewish cemetery, and in 1967 it was acquired by Sinai Temple, the oldest and largest Conservative synagogue in Los Angeles, which dedicated its mortuary and cemetery resources to all members of the Jewish community in and around the city. Numerous stars and celebrities from the entertainment industry are interred in the park, which is located down the street from Warner Bros studios.

Artwork
Throughout the different sections of Mount Sinai Hollywood Hills, one encounters various forms of artwork including mosaics, sculpture, fountains and carvings. The art displayed at the Parks provides an opportunity for Jews who may have grown distant from their heritage to re-acquaint themselves with their roots.

Gardens of Heritage- Heritage Mosaic
The most noticeable artwork is the Heritage Mosaic located at Mount Sinai's Hollywood Hills location, which, at 145 ×, depicts a panorama of the Jewish experience in America and is made up of more than 2.5 million pieces of hand-cut Venetian glass.

The artwork begins with the arrival of a small group of Jews in Nieuw Amsterdam in 1654 and continues with highlights of American Jewish history up to the time of the founding of the State of Israel.

The Gardens of Heritage was dedicated in September 1984, after several years of design and construction. The mosaic has also served as an educational tool for visitors to learn about the story of Jewish settlement and accomplishments in the United States.

The Warsaw Ghetto Memorial
The park also features a memorial monument dedicated to the six million Jews who were murdered in the Holocaust by renowned Jewish artist, Bernard Zakheim. The six three-dimensional figures, all rendered in burnt and tortured wood, represent six heroic Jewish figures: those who resisted-partisan fighters, a woman warrior and the school-girls who martyred themselves, a scholar and a child who could not resist, and one figure stands for those who went passively to their deaths.

At Yom HaShoah commemorations, memorial candles are lit in front of plaques bearing the names of concentration camps.

Rising from the stones of the memorial is a flame that symbolizes the eternal spirit of the six million and the rebirth of Israel from the ashes of the Holocaust.

The Bet Alpha Synagogue Mosaic
When this 6th century (Byzantine period) Galilean synagogue was excavated, a cavity in the floor of its apse, which almost certainly served as a genizah, was uncovered; an Ark for the Torah Scrolls stood above it.

The central decorative feature of the Bet Alpha synagogue was its mosaic floor, reproduced in the Shemot Plaza by members of Kibbutz Eylon in the Galilee at five times its original size, using about four million tesserae. The 12 signs of the Zodiac are arranged in a circular pattern around a cover at the center that accesses the genizah below.

Art historian Michael Ave-Yonah comments on the Bet Alpha mosaic: "The simple but strong style of the mosaic pavement represents a folk art that appears to have developed among the Jewish villagers of Galilee. The figures are depicted frontally and the artist took great pains to make each scene expressive. The mosaics of Bet Alpha are striking in their coloring and stylization and are among the finest examples of Jewish art in the Byzantine period."

Expansion to Simi Valley, California
In 1997, faced with dwindling space at the original Hollywood Hills location and recognizing the need for Jewish burial properties for future generations, Mount Sinai Memorial Parks expanded by opening its second memorial park, Mount Sinai Simi Valley.

Simi Valley Green Burial Park- Teva
In 2024 Mount Sinai Memorial Parks and Mortuaries was certified by the Green Burial Council as both a green funeral home and a provider of green burial services.

The Green Burial Council provides national certification for both funeral homes and cemeteries that provide environmentally conscious options for burial and disposition. Green burial has steadily grown in popularity over the past two decades, reflecting the community’s desire for more natural disposition methods.

Joe Sehee, founder of the Green Burial Council explained, “Green burial is a way of caring for the dead with minimal environmental impact that aids in the conservation of natural resources, reduction of carbon emissions, protection of worker health and the restoration and preservation of habitat.”

With this certification, Mount Sinai Memorial Parks and Mortuaries becomes part of a national network of green burial providers.

Teva at Mount Sinai Simi Valley is located near Kamenir Chapel, overlooking a protected nature reserve, this beautifully tranquil area is reached by a meandering stone path. Along the path are olive and pine trees, stone walls, and handcrafted wooden benches that create a protected space that envelopes visitors in shaded comfort and peace.

Teva's burials only use natural, sustainably sourced containers made of wicker or wood, or a natural fiber shroud that is fully biodegradable. There are no concrete vaults or liners placed in the interment space. The green burial area is planted with drought tolerant, native California plants that reflect the hillsides and areas that surround the park. In addition, a special strain of drought tolerant grass and decomposed granite covers the ground areas.

As part of their land stewardship, graves at Mount Sinai’s natural burial sites are not marked with bronze markers. Instead, a natural engraved stone marker commemorates loved ones, and is included in the purchase of every space in the Natural Burial area.

Genizah and book burials
Mount Sinai offers a Genizah program where members of the community can drop off worn out siddurim (prayer books), Torah scrolls, tallit, tzitzit, tefellin and other sacred materials which contain the Hebrew name of God, for burial at a later date. Several times each year, Mount Sinai invites school groups to Mount Sinai Simi Valley, where they will conduct a burial service for the books while learning about this ancient Jewish tradition.

A

 * Berle Adams (1917–2009), music producer
 * Pearl "Polly" Adler (1900–1962), Manhattan brothel operator and author of House is Not a Home
 * Irwin Allen (1916–1991), director, producer, writer
 * Art Aragon (1927–2008), boxer
 * Danny Arnold (1925–1995), film actor/editor/writer
 * Eleanor Audley (1905–1991), actress, voice-over artist

B

 * Dave Barry (1918–2001), actor and comedian
 * Frances Bay (1919–2011), actress
 * Herschel Bernardi (1923–1986), actor
 * Sara Berner (1912–1969), actress
 * Joan Bilson (1938–2019), teacher and art collector
 * Eli Broad (1933–2021), businessman and philanthropist
 * Georgia Brown (1933–1992), actress and singer
 * Edward Buzzell (1895–1985), director

C

 * Sid Caesar (1922–2014), comedian and actor
 * Brett Cantor (1967–1993), music label executive, concert promoter, and nightclub owner
 * Charlie Cantor (1898–1966), actor
 * June Carroll (1917–2004), lyricist, singer and actress
 * Saul Chaplin (1912–1997), composer and musical director
 * Virginia Christine (1920–1996), actress, voice artist
 * Lee J. Cobb (1911–1976), actor
 * Martin Cohan (1932–2010), television writer and producer
 * Ruth Cohen (1930–2008), actress (Seinfeld)
 * Kevin Conroy (1955–2022), actor, voice actor
 * Maxine Cooper (1924–2009), actress
 * Stanley Cortez (1908–1997), cinematographer
 * Irving Cottler (1918–1989), drummer
 * Warren Cowan (1921–2008), publicist
 * Harry Crane (1914–1999), American comedy writer
 * Rosalind Cron (1925–2021), jazz musician, and last surviving member of the International Sweethearts of Rhythm of the 1940s

D

 * Mark Damon (1933–2024), actor
 * Mack David (1912–1993), composer

E

 * Cass Elliot (1941–1974), singer for The Mamas & the Papas
 * Ziggy Elman (1911–1968), big-band musician and composer

F

 * Lee Farr (1927–2017), actor
 * Ben Feigin (1975–2022), television producer
 * Fritz Feld (1900–1993), actor
 * Norman Fell (1924–1998), actor
 * Totie Fields (1930–1978), comedian
 * Gerald Finnerman (1931–2011), cinematographer
 * Bob Flanagan (1952–1996), performance artist and writer
 * Dave Fleischer (1894–1979), film director and producer
 * Helen Forrest (1917–1999), singer
 * Bonnie Franklin (1944–2013), actress
 * Karl Freund (1890–1969), cinematographer
 * Murray Fromson (1929–2018), journalist

G

 * Linda Gary (1944–1995), actress, voice actress
 * Bruce Geller (1930–1978), producer
 * Benny Goldberg (1918–2001), boxer
 * Solomon W. Golomb (1932–2016), mathematician
 * Saul Gorss (1908–1966), actor
 * Michael Gordon (1909–1993), stage actor, stage and film director, maternal grandfather of Joseph Gordon-Levitt
 * Shecky Greene (1926–2023), comedian and actor
 * David Groh (1939–2008), actor
 * Fred Grossinger (1936–1995), actor

H

 * Billy Halop (1920–1976), actor
 * Larry Harmon (1925–2008), actor and comedian (aka Bozo the Clown)
 * Nat Hiken (1914–1968), writer, director, producer
 * Arthur Hiller (1923–2016), director
 * Gregg Hoffman (1963–2005), producer
 * Peter Hurkos (1911–1988), psychic

J

 * Milt Josefsberg (1911–1987), screenwriter

K

 * Irma Kalish (1924–2021), television writer
 * Eddie Kane (1889–1969), actor
 * Leonard Katzman (1927–1996), film and TV writer, producer, director, and grandfather to Ethan Klein
 * Donald Bruce Kaufman (1922–1983), businessman
 * Walter Kent (1911–1994), composer and conductor
 * Ruth Klüger (1931–2020), Professor Emerita of German Studies
 * Arnold Kopelson (1935–2018), film producer
 * Suzanne Krull (1966–2013), actress

L

 * John Larch (1914–2005), actor
 * Sydney Lassick (1922–2003), actor
 * Pinky Lee (1907–1993), actor and comedian
 * Robert Q. Lewis (1920–1991), television personality, actor, and game show host
 * Abraham M. Lurie (1923–2010), real estate developer

M

 * Bruce Malmuth (1934–2005), director
 * Ross Martin (1920–1981), actor
 * Michael Masser (1941–2015), musician
 * Sid Melton (1917–2011), actor
 * Laurence Merrick (1926–1977), director and author
 * Irving Mills (1894–1985), composer
 * Marvin Minoff (1931–2009), film and television producer, executive producer of The Nixon Interviews
 * Laurie Mitchell (1928–2018), actress

N

 * Claudette Nevins (1937–2020), actress
 * Lawrence R. Newman (1925–2011), deaf activist, educator and author
 * Bill Novey (1948–1991), Special Effects Master/Head of Special Effects at Walt Disney Imagineering/co-founder of Art & Technology, Inc.

P

 * Daniel Pearl (1963–2002), journalist
 * Ruth Pearl (1935–2021), mother of Daniel Pearl
 * Lefty Phillips (1919–1972), baseball coach and manager
 * Ted Post (1918–2013), film director

R

 * Martin Ragaway (1923–1989), motion picture and television writer
 * Peter Mark Richman (1927–2021), actor
 * Don Rickles (1926–2017), comedian and actor
 * Larry Rickles (1970–2011), screenwriter, son of Don Rickles
 * Mark Robson (1913–1978), director
 * Shorty Rogers (1924–1994), jazz musician
 * David Rose (1910–1990), composer
 * Steven Rothenberg (1958–2009), film studio executive (Lions Gate, Artisan Entertainment)
 * Mo Rothman (1919–2011), studio executive who persuaded Charlie Chaplin to return to the United States in 1972
 * Sam Rubin (1960–2024), entertainment anchor
 * Tibor Rubin (1929–2015), Medal of Honor recipient

S

 * Bob Saget (1956–2022), actor, comedian, and television host. The first host of America's Funniest Home Videos
 * Walter Scharf (1910–2003), composer
 * Bob Shad (1920–1985), music producer
 * Isaac Shepher (1948–2022), Life Alert founder
 * Al Sherman (1897–1973), songwriter
 * Richard M. Sherman (1928–2024), songwriter
 * Mitzi Shore (1930–2018), comedy club owner
 * Jan Shutan (1932–2021), actress
 * Phil Silvers (1911–1985), actor and comedian
 * Fred Silverman (1937–2020), television executive and producer
 * Sidney Skolsky (1905–1983), Hollywood reporter
 * Hillel Slovak (1962–1988), guitarist for Red Hot Chili Peppers
 * Howard Smit (1911–2009), film make-up artist who led efforts to establish the Academy Award for Best Makeup
 * Arleen Sorkin (1955–2023), actress best known for voicing Harley Quinn in Batman: The Animated Series
 * Milton Sperling (1912–1988), American film producer and screenwriter
 * Wendie Jo Sperber (1958–2005), actress
 * Florence Stanley (1924–2003), actress
 * Dawn Steel (1946–1997), film executive and producer
 * Leonard B. Stern (1923–2011), television producer, director and writer
 * Leonard Stogel (1934–1979), music business manager, promoter, record producer and executive. Victim of the crash of American Airlines Flight 191
 * Harold J. Stone (1913–2005), actor
 * Gloria Stroock (1924–2024), actress

T

 * Iwao Takamoto (1925–2007), animator
 * Brandon Tartikoff (1949–1997), television executive, former president of NBC
 * Irving Taylor (1914–1983), songwriter
 * Mel Taylor (1933–1996), musician, drummer and percussionist for the Ventures
 * Dick Tufeld (1926–2012), actor, announcer, narrator
 * Mark Tulin (1948–2011), bass guitarist
 * Saul Turteltaub (1932–2020), television writer and producer

V

 * Bobby Van (1928–1980), actor and dancer

W

 * Joseph Wapner (1919–2017), judge, television personality. The first judge to preside over The People's Court
 * Bea Wain (1917–2017), singer
 * Lotus Weinstock (1943–1997), stand-up comedian, author, playwright, musician
 * Danny Wells (1941–2013), actor, voice actor and composer
 * Paul G. Wexler (1929–1979), actor
 * Jesse White (1917–1997), actor
 * Harry Wilson (1897–1978), actor
 * David Winters (1939–2019), actor, dancer, choreographer
 * Jay Wolpert (1942–2022), television producer and screenwriter
 * Than Wyenn (1919–2015), actor

Z

 * Howard Zieff (1927–2009), director, advertising photographer

title: Mount Sinai Memorial Park Cemetery


text:
Inglewood Park Cemetery

Inglewood Park Cemetery, in Inglewood, California, was founded in 1905. A number of notable people, including entertainment and sports personalities, have been interred or entombed there.

History

The proposed establishment of "the largest cemetery in the world" was announced in November 1905, to be "on a high strip of ground two miles southwest of Los Angeles".

In 1907, a "handsome, two-story, white granite chapel" was completed at a cost of "about $40,000".

Also in 1907 the management placed an order "with the factory in the East" for a $12,000 funeral car to be used "on the electric line" that ran on a right-of-way off Redondo Boulevard (today's Florence Avenue) in front of the cemetery.

Between 1928 and 1948 Inglewood Park advertised itself as the "Largest in California," with a mausoleum, cemetery, and columbarium. From 1948 through 1950 it said it had the "Greatest number of interments in the West".

Organizers and directors
Early backers of the Inglewood Cemetery Association were Senator Robert N. Bulla, Mark G. Jones, Robert H. Raphael, Tom Hughes, P.W. Powers, Byron Oliver, B.J. or V.J. Rowan, F.K. Eckley, C.B. Hopper, Harry M. Jack, John R. Powers, George Letteau, Jennie Wild, and Will G. Nevin. Others were P.W. Powers and D.S. Patterson.

In 1907 the directors were Mark G. Jones, F.K. Eckley, Robt. N. Bulls, John C. Rupp, Robt. H. Raphael, Geo. H. Letteau, and Chas. B. Hopper. The officers were Mark G. Jones, president and treasurer; Chas. B. Hopper, vice-president; F.K. Eckley, secretary; V.J. Rowan, engineer, and Captain L.G. Loomis, superintendent.

Early burials
One of the earliest notable burials was that of Webster Street, justice of the Supreme Court of Arizona between 1897 and 1900, on September 23, 1908.

Another was the September 12, 1908, funeral of Los Angeles city Police Chief Walter H. Auble, who was shot and killed in the line of duty. Thousands came from Los Angeles on carriages and aboard special Los Angeles Railway streetcars.

Notable interments
(Note: This is a partial list. See also Category:Burials at Inglewood Park Cemetery.)

A

 * Margaret Queen Adams (1874–1974), first woman deputy sheriff in the United States
 * Jewel Akens (1933–2013), singer
 * Coit Albertson (1880–1953), actor
 * Curtis Amy (1929–2002), musician
 * Joseph H. August (1890–1947), cinematographer
 * Lloyd Avery II (1969–2005), actor

B

 * Chet Baker (1929–1988), musician
 * W. Lester Banks (1911–1986), American civil rights leader
 * Reginald Barker (1886–1945), director
 * Earl Battey (1935–2003), baseball player
 * Beals Becker (1886–1943), baseball player
 * Ricky Bell (1955–1984), NFL running back
 * George Bennard (1873–1958), composer
 * Edgar Bergen (1903–1978), actor and ventriloquist
 * Wally Berger (1905–1988), baseball player
 * Paul Bern (1885–1932), director, screenwriter and producer
 * Richard Berry (1935–1997), singer and songwriter
 * Lillian Biron (1898–1957), actress
 * Elmer Booth (1882–1915), actor
 * Margaret Booth (1898–2002), film editor
 * Lyman Bostock (1950–1978), baseball player
 * Fletcher Bowron (1887–1968), Los Angeles mayor and judge
 * Tom Bradley (1917–1998), Los Angeles mayor
 * Byron B. Brainard (1894–1940), Los Angeles City Council member
 * Layne Britton (1907–1993), makeup artist
 * Gladys Brockwell (1894–1929), actress
 * Charles Brown (1922–1999), singer
 * Nacio Herb Brown (1896–1964), composer
 * Robert L. Burns (1876–1955), Los Angeles City Council member, 1929–45
 * Jheryl Busby (1949–2008), former CEO of Motown Records

C

 * Harry Caesar (1928–1994) singer, actor
 * Bebe Moore Campbell (1951–2006), author
 * Caesar Cardini (1896–1956), credited as creator of Caesar Salad
 * Horace G. Cates (1864–1911), Los Angeles County coroner
 * Ray Charles (1930–2004), musician
 * Thornton Chase (1847–1912), first western Baha'i, Annual memorial in September draws large crowds.
 * James Cleveland (1931–1991), gospel singer, composer, arranger
 * Johnnie Cochran (1937–2005), trial lawyer
 * Anthony Cornero (1899–1955), bootlegger, gambling entrepreneur
 * Ray "Crash" Corrigan (1902–1976), actor
 * Willie Covan (1897–1989), dancer, actor
 * Al Cowens (1951–2002), baseball player
 * Pee Wee Crayton (1914–1985), guitarist, blues singer
 * Sam Crawford (1880–1968), baseball player

D

 * Julian Dixon (1934–2000), U.S. Congressman
 * Badja Djola (1948–2005), actor
 * Robert DoQui (1934–2008), actor
 * William Duncan (1879–1961), actor

E

 * Dock Ellis (1945–2008), baseball player
 * Zari Elmassian Vartian (1906–1990), singer
 * Victor Hugo Emerson (1866-1926), president of the Emerson Phonograph Company

F

 * Louise Fazenda (1895–1962), actress
 * Ella Fitzgerald (1917–1996), singer
 * Curt Flood (1938–1997), baseball player
 * Clara Shortridge Foltz (1849–1934), first female lawyer on the West Coast.
 * Byron Foulger (1899–1970), actor
 * Wardell Fouse (1960–2003), implicated in the murder of the Notorious B.I.G.
 * Lowell Fulson (1921–1999), blues musician

G

 * Hoot Gibson (1892–1962), actor
 * Jim Gilliam (1928–1978), baseball player
 * Betty Grable (1916–1973), actress, singer and dancer
 * Leroy Milton Grider (1854–1919), Los Angeles real estate man
 * Ferde Grofé (1892–1973), composer

H

 * Kenneth Hahn (1920–1997), county supervisor and city council member
 * Jester Hairston (1901–2000), actor, musician, arranger
 * Lois Hall (1926–2006), actress
 * Robin Harris (1953–1990), actor and comedian
 * Helen Humes (1913–1981), singer
 * Flo Hyman (1954–1986), volleyball player

J

 * Etta James (1938–2012), singer
 * Bud Jamison (1894–1944), actor
 * James J. Jeffries (1875–1953), world heavyweight boxing champion

K

 * Robert Kardashian (1944–2003), attorney, businessman
 * Kirk Kerkorian (1917–2015), businessman
 * Brady Keys (1936–2017), football player
 * Cecil R. King (1898–1974), U.S. Congressman
 * Jerry Knight (1952–1996), musician
 * Fred Kohler (1888–1938), actor

L

 * Art Laboe (1925-2022), radio personality
 * Allan "Rocky" Lane (1909–1973), actor
 * Walter Lang (1896–1972), film director
 * Lucille La Verne (1872–1945), actress
 * Gypsy Rose Lee (1911–1970), actress and burlesque dancer
 * Lillian Leitzel (1892–1931), acrobat
 * Evan Lewis (1869–1941), Los Angeles City Council member
 * Walter Lindley (1852–1922), Los Angeles physician and educational leader

M

 * D'Urville Martin (1939–1984), actor, producer and director
 * Edith Wynne Matthison (1875–1955), actress
 * Lee Maye (1934–2002), baseball player
 * Fred McMullin (1891–1952), baseball player
 * Irish Meusel (1893–1963), baseball player
 * Louis Meyer (1904–1995), race car driver
 * Cleo Moore (1928–1973), actress
 * Juanita Moore (1914–2014), actress
 * Darius Morris (1991–2024), basketball player
 * Ernest "Sunshine Sammy" Morrison (1912–1989), actor
 * Herbert Mundin (1898–1939), actor
 * Don Myrick (1940–1993), musician

N

 * Gordon W. Norris (1907–1961), poet laureate of California

O

 * Fred Offenhauser (1888–1973), automotive inventor
 * Orval Overall (1881–1947), Major League Baseball pitcher
 * O.Y.G. Redrum 781 (1972–2021), rapper

P

 * LaWanda Page (1920–2002), actress and comedian
 * George H. Peck (1856–1940), real estate broker & developer
 * Lawrence Phillips (1975–2016), NFL running back
 * Morton E. Post (1840–1933), businessman and politician
 * Billy Preston (1946–2006), singer and songwriter
 * George W. Prince (1854–1939), U.S. Congressman
 * Brad Pye Jr. (1931–2020), sports journalist and broadcaster

R

 * Robert Riskin (1897–1955), screenwriter
 * Sugar Ray Robinson (1921–1989), World Champion boxer
 * LaTasha "MC Trouble" Rogers (1970–1991), rapper
 * Cesar Romero (1907–1994), actor

S

 * Evelyn Selbie (1871–1950), actress
 * Blanche Sewell (1898–1949), editor
 * Frank L. Shaw (1877–1958), Los Angeles mayor
 * Orfa Jean Shontz (1876–1954), the first woman in California to "sit on the bench and administer justice"
 * Charles A. Siringo (1855–1928), author
 * Vivian Smallwood (1933-2017), rapper and actress
 * Myrtle Stedman (1883–1938), actress
 * Slim Summerville (1892–1946), actor
 * Big Syke (1968–2016), rapper
 * Sylvester (1947–1988), singer

T

 * Richard Talmadge (1892–1981), actor and film director
 * David Torrence (1864–1951), Scottish-born actor
 * Billie "Buckwheat" Thomas (1931–1980), actor
 * Big Mama Thornton (1926–1984), singer and songwriter

V

 * Joseph W. Vance (1841–1927), military officer

W

 * T-Bone Walker (1910–1975), musician
 * Bobby Wallace (1873–1960), baseball Hall of Famer
 * Lalomie Washburn (1941–2004), singer songwriter
 * Laura L. Whitlock (1862–1934), mapmaker
 * Larry Williams (1935–1980), singer and actor
 * Paul Williams (1894–1980), architect
 * Murry Wilson (1917–1973), musician, record producer, businessman, and father of Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson of the Beach Boys
 * Parke Wilson (1867–1934), baseball player
 * Arthur Winston (1906–2006), centenarian
 * John Downey Works (1847–1928), U.S. Senator
 * Syreeta Wright (1946–2004), singer

Y

 * Carleton G. Young (1907–1971), actor

In popular culture

 * The scene in Sunset Limousine where Alan loses his limousine while he and Julie are hiding from mobsters at a Chinese-American funeral ceremony was filmed at this cemetery.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Inglewood Park Cemetery


text:
Oakwood Memorial Park Cemetery

The Oakwood Memorial Park Cemetery is located at 22601 Lassen Street, Chatsworth, Los Angeles, California. It is the resting place for several movie stars such as Fred Astaire, Ginger Rogers, Gloria Grahame, and Stephen Boyd.

History and description
Oakwood Memorial Park is located in the San Fernando Valley, surrounded by rocky hills that have served as a backdrop for many a film setting. It has been used as a cemetery since 1924, and there was a Native American graveyard next to the cemetery before a fire destroyed the old wooden crosses that marked the site. The Old Stagecoach Trail passed beside it. The historic Chatsworth Community Church is located within the cemetery grounds.

Notable burials
Notables buried here include:

 * Adele Astaire (1897–1981), actress, dancer
 * Fred Astaire (1899–1987), actor, singer, dancer
 * Dehl Berti (1921–1991), actor
 * Derya Arbaş Berti (1968–2003), actress
 * Stephen Boyd (1928–1977), actor
 * Scott Bradley (1891-1977), composer
 * Bob Crane (1928-1978), actor – former burial location (his remains were moved to Westwood Village Memorial Park)
 * Grace Cunard (1893–1967), actress, screenwriter, director
 * Lloyd G. Davies, Los Angeles City Council member, 1943–51
 * Frank Kelly Freas (1922–2005), illustrator
 * Gloria Grahame (1923–1981), actress
 * Raymond Greenleaf (1892–1963), actor
 * Russell Hayden (1912–1981), actor
 * Jack Ingram (1902–1969), actor
 * Al Jennings (1863–1961), lawyer, outlaw, actor
 * Adele Jergens (1917–2002), actress
 * Milton Kibbee (1896–1970), actor
 * Dorothy Mackaye (1899–1940), actress
 * Montie Montana (1910–1998), cowboy
 * Freddie Perren (1943–2004), songwriter, record producer
 * Floyd Roberts (1900–1939), Indianapolis 500 winner
 * Ginger Rogers (1911–1995), actress, singer, dancer
 * Robert Sampson (1933–2020), actor
 * Mark Schaeffer (1948–2022), baseball player
 * Robert F. Simon (1908–1992), actor
 * Ted Snyder (1881–1965), composer
 * Ken Spears (1938–2020), animator
 * Ken Terrell (1904–1966), actor
 * Henry Victor (1892–1945), actor
 * Gregory Walcott (1928–2015), actor
 * Nydia Westman (1902–1970), actress
 * Dallas Willard (1935–2013), Christian philosopher
 * Walter Tetley (1915-1975), voice actor Felix the cat 1919-1959

a.Crane was reinterred at Westwood Memorial Park in 1999.

title: Oakwood Memorial Park Cemetery


text:
Woodlawn Memorial Cemetery (Santa Monica, California)

Woodlawn Cemetery, Mausoleum & Mortuary, formerly Ballona Cemetery, is located at 1847 14th Street, alongside Pico Boulevard in Santa Monica, California, United States. The cemetery was founded in 1897 and sits on 26 acres. It is owned and operated by the city of Santa Monica and is the final resting place of more than 54,000 people. The cemetery has an eco-friendly section.

History
Founded in 1897, the cemetery was first named the Ballona Township Cemetery as it was located on the Rancho La Ballona. In the 1980s, it began to be used as a filming location. In the 1994 Northridge earthquake, the cemetery was damaged.

Notable burials

 * Hugo Ballin (1879–1956), artist
 * Mabel Ballin (1887–1958), actress
 * George Bancroft (1882–1956), actor
 * Jay Belasco (1888–1949), actor
 * Ted Bessell (1935–1996), actor
 * Charles Bickford (1891–1967), actor
 * Barbara Billingsley (1915–2010), actress
 * William Bishop (1918–1959), actor
 * Roberts Blossom (1924–2011), actor
 * Bonnie Bonnell (1905–1964), actress
 * Edwina Booth (1904–1991), actress
 * Edward Brophy (1895–1960), actor
 * Leo Carrillo (1880–1961), actor and conservationist
 * James Crabe (1931–1989), cinematographer
 * Henry Cuesta (1931–2003), musician
 * Faye Dancer (1925–2002), professional baseball player
 * Henry Daniell (1894–1963), actor
 * Weston and Winston Doty (1913–1934), acting twins, drowned in a flood
 * Cathy Downs (1924–1976), actress
 * Vernon Duke (1893–1969), songwriter (later moved)
 * Lion Feuchtwanger (1884–1958), author
 * Paul Fix (1901–1983), actor
 * Glenn Ford (1916–2006), actor
 * Leland Ford (1893–1965), congressman
 * Nicolás "Nick" Rolando Gabaldón Jr. (1927–1951), surfer
 * Ilka Grüning (1876–1964), actress
 * William Haines (1900–1973), actor, interior designer
 * Tom Hayden (1939–2016), Senator, activist, author, conservationist
 * Paul Henreid (1908–1992), actor, director[[Image:Paul Henreid Grave.JPG|thumb|right|Paul Henreid Grave]]
 * Phil Hill (1927–2008), race car driver
 * Evelyn Hooker (1907–1996), psychologist
 * Olaf Hytten (1888–1955), actor
 * Abbot Kinney (1850–1920), real estate baron
 * Harvey Korman (1927–2008), actor and comedian
 * Henry Kuttner (1915–1958), author
 * Florence Lake (1904–1980), actress
 * Audra Lindley (1918–1997), actress
 * Hughie Mack (1884–1927), actor
 * Doug McClure (1935–1995), actor
 * Micole Mercurio (1938–2016), actress
 * Bess Myerson (1924–2014), actress, Miss America, political activist
 * Red Norvo (1908–1999), jazz musician
 * Lynne Overman (1887–1943), actor
 * Christabel Pankhurst (1880–1958), British suffragette
 * Jimmy Phipps (1950–1969), Vietnam Medal of Honor recipient
 * James Poe (1921–1980), screenwriter
 * Janos Prohaska (1919–1974), actor, stuntman
 * Bill Raisch (1905–1984), actor
 * Sally Ride (1951–2012), astronaut and physicist
 * Blanche Robinson (1883–1969), pianist and composer
 * Irene Ryan (1902–1973), actress and comedian
 * Mitchell Ryan (1934–2022), actor
 * Hayes "Big Ed" Sanders (1930–1954), Olympic boxing champion
 * E. C. Segar (1894–1938), cartoonist, creator of "Popeye"
 * Jimmie Shields (1905–1974), interior designer
 * Hal Smith (1916–1994), actor who played Otis Campbell on The Andy Griffith Show
 * May Sutton (1886–1975), U.S. and Wimbledon tennis champion
 * Sándor Szabó (1906–1966), wrestler
 * William Tuttle (1912–2007), make-up artist
 * Jesse Unruh (1922–1987), politician and government official


text:
San Fernando Mission Cemetery

The San Fernando Mission Cemetery is a Catholic cemetery located in the Mission Hills community of the San Fernando Valley of Los Angeles. The property adjoins the San Fernando Mission and Bishop Alemany Catholic High School.

The San Fernando Mission Cemetery has been owned and operated by the Los Angeles Archdiocese since the founding of the Mission and first burials in 1797. The privately operated Mission Hills Catholic Mortuary is also located on the grounds of the cemetery. San Fernando Mission Cemetery is an active cemetery providing burials, entombments and cremation options to members of the Catholic faith and their families.

A

 * Philip Abbott (1924–1998), actor
 * Edward Arnold (1890–1956), actor
 * Michele Yvette Avila (1968–1985), murder victim

B

 * Charles Beaumont (1929–1967), author and screenwriter
 * Scotty Beckett (1929–1968), actor
 * Ed Begley (1901–1970), actor
 * William Bendix (1906–1964), actor
 * Larry J. Blake (1914–1982), actor
 * Loretta Blake (1898–1981) actress
 * Walter Brennan (1894–1974), actor
 * Evelyn Brent (1899–1975), actress
 * George Burditt (1923–2013), television director

C

 * Candy Candido (1913–1999), actor and voice-over artist
 * Bobby Chacon (1951–2016), boxer
 * Jerry Colonna (1904–1986), actor and comedian
 * Betty Compson (1897–1974), actress
 * Chuck Connors (1921–1992), actor
 * Carmine (1910–1991) and Italia Coppola (1912–2004), parents of filmmaker Francis Ford Coppola.
 * Henry Corden (1920–2005), actor and voice-over artist
 * Joseph Crehan (1883–1966), actor

D

 * Lee de Forest (1873–1961), physicist & electrical engineer, inventor of the triode
 * Roy Del Ruth (1893–1961), movie director
 * Carmen Dragon (1914–1984), composer and conductor, father of Daryl Dragon
 * Tom Dugan (1889–1955), actor
 * Allan Dwan (1885–1981), director, producer, screenwriter

F

 * Frank Faylen (1905–1985), actor
 * Dick Foran (1910–1979), actor
 * Harry Fox (1882–1959), stage and movie star, "Fox-Trot" dance inventor
 * William Frawley (1887–1966), actor

G

 * Anita Garvin (1907–1994), actress
 * Bert Glennon (1893–1967), cinematographer
 * George Gobel (1919–1991), actor and comedian
 * Peter Graves (1926–2010), actor
 * Donald C Garcia, “Big D” (1941- 2012) Community Activists, Founder of the Mexican mafia.

H

 * William Haade (1903–1966), actor
 * Ray Heindorf (1908–1980), composer
 * Pat Hogan (1920–1966), actor
 * Bob Hope (1903–2003), actor and comedian
 * Dolores Hope (1909–2011), singer and wife of Bob Hope
 * Carol Hughes (1910–1995), actress, wife of Frank Faylen

J

 * Alice Joyce (1890–1955), actress

K

 * Bob Kelley (1917–1966), sportscaster
 * Dorothea Kent (1916–1990), actress
 * Peggy Knudsen (1923–1980), actress

L

 * Rosemary LaPlanche (1923–1979), actress
 * Charles Lamont (1895–1993), director
 * Winnie Lightner (1899–1971), actress, comedian and singer
 * Richard Loo (1903–1983), actor
 * Edmund Lowe (1892–1971), actor
 * Ken Lynch (1910–1990), actor

M

 * Michael Maltese (1908–1981), animation screenwriter
 * Robert L. Manahan (1956–2000), actor
 * Adele Mara (1923–2010), actress
 * June Marlowe (1903–1984), actress (original burial site; remains later moved to Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels)
 * Bob May (1939–2009), actor and stuntman
 * Frank Milano (1891–1970), gangster
 * Kathryn Minner (1892–1969), actress
 * Lee Moran (1888–1961), actor

N

 * Clarence Nash (1904–1985), voice-over artist
 * Bob Newhart (1929-2024), actor and comedian
 * Fred Niblo Jr. (1903–1973), screenwriter, son of Fred Niblo
 * Thomas Noonan (1921–1968), actor and comedian
 * Eva Novak (1898–1988), actress, sister of Jane Novak
 * Jane Novak (1896–1990), actress, sister of Eva Novak
 * Jay Novello (1904–1982), actor

O

 * Henry O'Neill (1891–1961), actor
 * Ernie Orsatti (1902–1968), major league baseball player
 * Artie Ortego (1890–1960), actor

P

 * William H. Parker (1905–1966), police chief of Los Angeles
 * William Perkins (1947–1967), Cpl, USMC Medal of Honor Recipient
 * Paul Picerni (1922–2011), actor

Q

 * Eddie Quillan (1907–1990), actor
 * Bill Quinn (1912–1994), actor

R

 * Jobyna Ralston (1900–1967), actress
 * Ted Fio Rito (1900–1971), musician
 * Estelita Rodriguez (1928–1966), actress

S

 * Teddy Sampson (1895–1970), actress
 * Olga San Juan (1927–2009), actress
 * Trinidad Silva (1950–1988), actor
 * Penny Singleton (1908–2003), actress and first female president of an AFL–CIO union

T

 * Gloria Talbott (1931–2000), actress
 * Felipe Turich (1898–1992), actor, husband of Rosa Turich
 * Rosa Turich (1903–1998), actress, wife of Felipe Turich

V

 * Ritchie Valens (1941–1959), singer

W

 * James Westerfield (1913–1971), actor
 * Michael Whalen (1902–1974), actor
 * Frank Wilcox (1907–1974), actor
 * Jane Wyatt (1910–2006), actress

title: San Fernando Mission Cemetery


text:
Valhalla Memorial Park Cemetery

Valhalla Memorial Park Cemetery is located at 10621 Victory Boulevard in North Hollywood and Burbank, California.

The cemetery has an entrance called the Portal of the Folded Wings Shrine to Aviation that is the final resting place for aviation pioneers—barnstormers, daredevils and sundry architects of aviation. It has memorials to Amelia Earhart and others, honoring their accomplishments.

Among those interred are celebrities from the entertainment industry.

The shrine, with a colorful tiled dome and female figures stretching their arms to the heavens, was built as the entrance to the cemetery. It was named for the hall of Odin, the Norse god of slain warriors.

Founding
Valhalla was founded in 1923 by two Los Angeles financiers, John R. Osborne and C. C. Fitzpatrick. The Spanish Mission Revival entrance structure was designed by architect Kenneth McDonald Jr. For the decorative stone castings, McDonald hired Italian-born sculptor Federico A. Giorgi, who had created 30 ft statues of elephants and lions for the 1916 epic film Intolerance, and helped to craft the exterior of downtown's Million Dollar Theater. The gateway to the new cemetery cost $140,000.

The rotunda was dedicated March 1, 1925, with a concert by English contralto Maude Elliott. Picnickers spread blankets on the surrounding grassy expanse between three reflecting pools and flat cemetery markers, which were a new concept at the time. It became a tourist attraction and was used for concerts that were broadcast over radio station KELW by station owner Earl L. White. Just five months after the dedication, Osborne and Fitzpatrick were convicted of fraud. They had repeatedly sold the same burial plots—as many as 16 times—and netted a profit of $3–4 million, according to the Los Angeles Times. They were fined $12,000 each and sentenced to 10 years in prison, but served less than three years.

State control
The cemetery was taken over by the state of California. It is unclear how long the state owned the 63 acre cemetery, but Pierce Brothers bought it in 1950 and, within two years, closed the rotunda to vehicle traffic and moved the entry to the cemetery from Valhalla Drive in Burbank to Victory and Cahuenga boulevards in North Hollywood. There, they opened a two-story office building and mortuary.

On December 17, 1953—the 50th anniversary of Orville and Wilbur Wright's 12-second powered hop at Kitty Hawk—the rotunda was rededicated as the Portal of the Folded Wings, through the efforts of aviation fan and cemetery employee James Gillette. During the ceremony, the cremated remains of Walter R. Brookins, the first aviator to take a plane to an altitude of a mile and the Wright brothers' first civilian student, were interred.

When sculptor Giorgi died in 1963, he was buried outside the structure, near his masterpiece. Gillette was also buried outside, near the shrine he helped found.

The memorial was featured in Visiting... with Huell Howser Episode 426.

Earthquake
The cube-like shrine building was heavily damaged in the 1994 Northridge earthquake but restored and rededicated in 1996. Two years later, it was placed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Sale of property
In 1958, Pierce Brothers sold its family-owned chain of Southern California mortuaries and cemeteries to Texas financier Joe Allbritton, who sold 20 acre of Valhalla for development. In 1991, the cemeteries and mortuaries were acquired by Service Corp. International of Houston, but the Pierce Brothers sign remains at Valhalla.

Pioneers' resting place
Beneath the memorial tablets rest the remains of other aviation pioneers, including:
 * Augustus Roy Knabenshue (1876–1960), who in 1904 became America's first dirigible pilot. He also founded a dirigible passenger service, from Pasadena to Los Angeles, in 1912.
 * Evelyn "Bobbi" Trout (1906–2003), who held numerous records for endurance, mileage and altitude.
 * James Floyd Smith (1884–1956), who built and flew his own plane in 1912 and invented the free-type manually operated parachute for the Army in 1918.
 * Hilder Florentina Smith (1890–1977), who became a parachute jumper in 1914. Two years later, she became the first female pilot to fly out of the bean patch that later became Los Angeles International Airport. She was married to James Floyd Smith.
 * Matilde Moisant, the second American woman to earn her pilot certificate—two days after her friend, journalist Harriet Quimby. In 1911, Moisant let Quimby be first, because Quimby needed the extra acclaim: She wrote about air races and the thrill of flight.
 * John B. Moisant (1868–1910), who designed and built the first metal plane. Matilde Moisant was his sister.

Notable burials
Note: this is a partial list. Use the following alphabetical links to find a name.

A

 * Fred Abbott (1874–1935), Major League Baseball player
 * Bert Acosta (1895–1954), aviation pioneer
 * Eddie Acuff (1903–1956), actor
 * Ernie Adams (1895–1947), actor
 * Luis Alberni (1886–1962), actor
 * Mary Alden (1883–1946), actress
 * James Anderson (1921–1969), actor
 * Harry Antrim (1884–1967), actor (unmarked)
 * Johnny Arthur (1883–1951), actor
 * Edwin August (1883–1964), actor, director, screenwriter

B

 * Jill Banner (1946–1982), actress
 * Lionel Belmore (1867–1953), actor, director
 * Bea Benaderet (1906–1968), actress, voice actress
 * Belle Bennett (1891–1932), actress
 * Willie Best (1916–1962), actor
 * Clem Bevans (1879–1963), actor
 * John G. Blystone (1892–1938), director
 * Stanley Blystone (1894–1956), actor
 * Symona Boniface (1894–1950), actress
 * Al Bridge (1891–1957), actor
 * Tyler Brooke (1886–1943), actor
 * Walter Brookins (1889–1953), aviation pioneer
 * Arthur Q. Bryan (1899–1959), actor, comedian, voice actor, radio personality
 * Nana Bryant (1888–1955), actress
 * Paul E. Burns (1881–1967), actor
 * Frederick Burton (1871–1957), actor

C

 * Georgia Caine (1876–1964), actress
 * Elizabeth Caldwell (1888–1970), silent screen actress
 * Brun Campbell (1884 –1952), musician
 * Mark Mitchell Campbell (1897–1963), barnstormer, stuntman, Lockheed executive
 * Yakima Canutt (1895–1986), actor, stuntman, director
 * Jay Chamberlain, (1925–2001), racing driver (unmarked)
 * Naomi Childers (1892–1964), actress
 * Ken Christy (1894–1962), actor
 * Mae Clarke (1910–1992), actress
 * Chester Clute (1891–1956), actor
 * Edmund Cobb (1892–1974), actor
 * John Collum (1926–1962), actor
 * Baldwin Cooke (1888–1953), actor and comedian
 * Melville Cooper (1896–1973), actor
 * Jim Corey (1883–1956), actor
 * Gino Corrado (1893–1982), actor
 * Aneta Corsaut (1933–1995), actress
 * Jane Cowl (1883–1950), actress
 * Richard Crane (1918–1969), actor
 * Nick Cravat (1912–1994), actor and stuntman

D

 * Richard Day (1896–1972), motion picture set designer
 * Claudia Dell (1910–1977), showgirl and actress
 * Joe DeRita (1909–1993), actor, comedian, member of the Three Stooges
 * Don Dillaway (1903–1982), actor
 * Douglass Dumbrille (1889–1974), film and TV actor
 * Edna Dunkerley (1907–1990), Studio Nanny for Hal Roach Studios Little Rascals and Our Gang Comedies

E

 * Warren S. Eaton (1891–1966), aviator
 * Cliff Edwards (1895–1971), actor, singer, voice-over artist

F

 * Morgan Farley (1898–1988), actor
 * Franklyn Farnum (1878–1961), actor
 * Eddie Firestone (1920–2007), actor
 * Louise E. Francis (1869-1932), journalist

G

 * Ceferino Garcia (1906–1981), boxer
 * Louis Gasnier, film director
 * Gorgeous George (1915–1963), professional wrestler
 * Gladys George (1904–1954), actress
 * Lowell Gilmore (1906–1960), actor
 * Leslie Goodwins (1899–1969), film director and screenwriter
 * Lita Grey (1908–1995), actress and 2nd wife of Charlie Chaplin

H

 * Oren W. Haglund (1905–1972), production manager of eleven ABC/Warner Brothers television series from 1955 to 1961
 * Jonathan Hale (1891–1966), actor
 * Florence Halop (1923–1986), actress
 * Lois Hamilton (1952–1999), model, author, actress, artist, aviator
 * Mahlon Hamilton (1880–1960), actor
 * Oliver Hardy (1892–1957), actor and comedian, partner of Stan Laurel
 * Leigh Harline (1907–1969), composer
 * Dell Henderson (1877–1956), actor, director, writer
 * Colin Higgins (1941–1988), director & screenwriter

I

 * Roger Imhof (1875–1958), actor

J

 * Selmer Jackson (1888–1971), actor

K

 * Fred Kelsey (1884–1961), pioneer actor
 * Crauford Kent (1881–1953), actor
 * Kathleen Key (1903–1954), actress
 * Charles Criswell King (1907–1982), psychic known as The Amazing Criswell
 * Bert Kinner (1882–1957), aviation pioneer
 * Fuzzy Knight (1901–1976), actor
 * June Knight (1913–1987), actress and dancer
 * Theodore Kosloff (1882–1956), actor, choreographer, ballet dancer
 * Paul Kruger (1895–1960), actor

L

 * Frank Lackteen (1897–1968), actor
 * Alice Lake (1895–1967), actress
 * Sheldon Lewis (1868–1958), actor
 * Robert Lowery (1913–1971), actor
 * Sam Lufkin (1891–1952), actor
 * James Luisi (1928–2002), actor

M

 * Barton MacLane (1902–1969), actor
 * Kermit Maynard (1897–1971), actor
 * Sam McDaniel (1886–1962), actor and brother of performers Hattie McDaniel & Etta McDaniel
 * Francis McDonald (1891–1968), actor
 * George Melford (1877–1961), actor, director
 * Michu Meszaros (1939–2016), actor and circus performer
 * Bob Mizer (1922–1992), photographer
 * John Moisant (1868–1910), aviation pioneer
 * Matilde Moisant (1878–1964), pioneer aviator
 * Mantan Moreland (1902–1973), actor
 * Kay Morley (1920–2020), actress
 * Mittie Morris (1874–1953), social reformer
 * Mae Murray (1885–1965), actress

N

 * Buddy Noonan (1937–1989), producer, The Roving Kind syndicated TV series
 * Fayard Nicholas (1914–2006), actor and dancer
 * James Nusser (1905-1979), actor

O

 * Wheeler Oakman (1890–1949), actor

P

 * Virginia Pearson (1886–1958), pioneering film actress
 * Eddy Polo (1875–1961), actor, stuntman, the first to parachute off the Eiffel Tower

R

 * "Slapsie Maxie" Rosenbloom (1904–1976), champion boxer, actor
 * Gail Russell (1924–1961), actress

S

 * Lewis Sargent (1903–1970), actor
 * Charles Sellon (1870–1937), actor
 * Eve Southern (1900–1972), actress
 * Charles Stevens (1893–1964), actor (unmarked)
 * Onslow Stevens (1902–1977), actor (unmarked)
 * Madame Sul-Te-Wan (1873–1959), actress

T

 * Charlie Taylor (1868–1956), aviation engineer
 * Lyle Tayo (1889–1971), actress
 * Alma Tell (1898–1937), actress
 * Alice Terry (1900–1987), actress
 * Roland Totheroh (1890–1967), cinematographer
 * Lorna Thayer (1919–2005), actress

V

 * Alberta Vaughn (1904–1992), actress
 * Martha Vickers (1925–1971), actress and model
 * Josef von Stroheim (1922–2002), sound editor (unmarked)

W

 * Anna Mae Walthall (1894-1950), actress
 * Ken Weatherwax (1955–2014), actor
 * Rudd Weatherwax (1907–1985), animal trainer
 * Bud Westmore (1918–1973), makeup artist
 * Alice White (1904–1983), actress
 * Dave Willock (1909–1990), actor
 * Henry Willson (1911–1978), talent agent
 * Frederick Worlock (1886–1973), actor

Y

 * Chief Yowlachie (1891–1966), Native American actor

title: Valhalla Memorial Park Cemetery


text:
Talk:Tenpura

This article should be merged into the tempura (the more common english spelling) article.

Arthur

 * You're right. I've added them to Duplicate articles. --Camembert

title: Talk:Tenpura


text:
Home of Peace Cemetery (Los Angeles)

The Home of Peace Memorial Park and Mortuary (בית הקברות בית שלום Beit Kvarot Beit Shalom), also called the Home of Peace Cemetery, is a Jewish cemetery in Los Angeles, California. It is located at 4334 Whittier Boulevard west of Interstate 710 in East Los Angeles.

History
In 1853, the first and oldest Jewish cemetery in Los Angeles was established in Chavez Ravine, near the present-day Dodger Stadium. In 1901, Kaspare Cohn donated 30 acres (12.1 ha) of land for the establishment of this cemetery. The bodies interred at Chavez Ravine were moved to East Los Angeles's Home of Peace Memorial Park between 1902 and 1910. There are a number of famous rabbis buried here, and amongst others a few celebrities from the entertainment industry as well.

Notable interments

 * Inez Asher (1911–2006), television writer and novelist
 * Burt Baskin (1913–1967), business magnate and co-founder of Baskin-Robbins
 * David Berman (1903–1957), Jewish mobster who ran the Las Vegas Flamingo Hotel, one-time partner with Bugsy Siegel
 * Susan Berman (1945–2000), author, journalist, daughter of David Berman
 * Thelma Bernstein (1910–2006), actress
 * Fanny Brice (1891–1951), actress and comedian (transferred to Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery in 1992)
 * Boake Carter (1900–1944), journalist
 * Lou Clayton (1890–1950), entertainer
 * Harry Einstein (1904–1958), comedian
 * Leo F. Forbstein (1892–1948), composer and conductor
 * Mack Gordon (1904–1959), composer and lyricist
 * Don Hartman (1900–1958), director
 * Herman W. Hellman (1843–1906), German-born Jewish businessman, banker, and real estate investor
 * Curly Howard (1903–1952), actor, comedian, member of The Three Stooges
 * Shemp Howard (1895–1955), actor, comedian, member of The Three Stooges
 * David A. Karnofsky (1914–1969), medical oncologist
 * Carl Laemmle (1867–1939), film executive, founder of Universal Pictures; he created the "Star" system
 * Carl Laemmle Jr. (1908–1979), son of Carl Laemmle and studio executive
 * Carla Laemmle (1909–2014), niece of Carl Laemmle and actress
 * Solomon Lazard (1827–1916), 19th Century merchant and community leader
 * Ruth Harriet Louise (1903–1940), photographer
 * Edgar Magnin (1890–1984), rabbi and spiritual leader
 * Louis B. Mayer (1885–1957), a founder of the MGM film studios
 * Joseph Mell (1915–1977), American film and television actor
 * Raymond Moscatel (1931–2022), Seattle University Basketball player beat The Harlem Globe Trotters in 1952
 * Carmel Myers (1899–1980), actress
 * Harry Rapf (1880–1949), motion picture producer and studio executive
 * Joseph Rosenberg (1881–1971) Bank of America executive vice president and motion picture lender
 * Mark Sandrich (1900–1945), motion picture director
 * Jack H. Skirball (1896–1985), rabbi, film producer, real estate developer and philanthropist
 * Abe Stern (1888–1951), motion picture producer
 * Charles Vidor (1900–1959), motion picture director
 * Harry Warner (1881–1958), co-founder of Warner Brothers film studios
 * Jack L. Warner (1892–1978), co-founder of Warner Brothers film studios, founder of Warner Bros. Records
 * Sam Warner (1887–1927), co-founder and first CEO of Warner Brothers film studios
 * Conrad Wells (born Abraham Fried) (1892–1930), cinematographer
 * Osher Zilberstein (1888–1973), rabbi

title: Home of Peace Cemetery (Los Angeles)


text:
Club des Hashischins

The Club des Hashischins (sometimes also spelled Club des Hashishins or Club des Hachichins, "Club of the Hashish-Eaters") was a Parisian group dedicated to the exploration of drug-induced experiences, notably with hashish. Members included Victor Hugo, Alexandre Dumas, Charles Baudelaire, Gérard de Nerval, Honoré de Balzac, Paul Verlaine, and Arthur Rimbaud.

Club's origins
Several drugs like hashish and opium were increasingly well known in Europe by the beginning of the nineteenth century. At that time, recreational use of these drugs was widespread among scientific and literary circles.

The Armée d'Orient, along with a contingent of 151 scientists and anthropologists from the Commission des Sciences et des Arts, brought quantities of hashish home with them from Napoleon's expedition to Egypt. The French conquest of Algeria of 1830 to 1847 further increased the popular consumption of hashish.

History
The club was active from about 1844 to 1849 and counted the literary and intellectual elite of Paris among its members, including Dr. Jacques-Joseph Moreau, Théophile Gautier, Charles Baudelaire, Gérard de Nerval, Eugène Delacroix and Alexandre Dumas. Monthly "séances" were held at the Hôtel de Lauzun (at that time Hôtel Pimodan) on the Île Saint-Louis.

Gautier wrote about the club in Revue des Deux Mondes in February 1846, where he described his first visit:

"'One December evening, obeying a mysterious summons, drafted in enigmatic terms understood by affiliates but unintelligible for others, I arrived in a distant quarter, a sort of oasis of solitude in the middle of Paris that the river, surrounding it with its two arms, seems to defend against the encroachments of civilization. It was in an old house on the island of Saint-Louis, the Hotel Pimodan, built by Lauzun, that the bizarre club of which I was a member recently held its monthly sittings where I was to attend for the first time.'"

While he is often cited as the founder of the club, in the article Gautier says he was attending their séances for the first time that evening and made clear that others were sharing a familiar experience with him. The club members often consumed Dawamesc, a greenish paste made from cannabis resin mixed with fat, honey, and pistachios.

During this period Jacques-Joseph Moreau, who specialized in the sociological concept of social alienation, studied the effects of regularly consuming hashish. Moreau studied this product according to his travels between 1837 and 1840 in Egypt and Syria, and Asia Minor. Back in France, he continued to experiment on himself and published an 1845 book entitled Hashish and mental alienation in which he establishes an equivalence between dream, hallucination, and hashish delirium. This book was the first written by a scientist about a drug.

Gautier and Baudelaire eventually stopped attending the sessions. Gautier writes: "After a dozen experiments, we gave up forever this intoxicating drug, not that it hurt us physically, but the true writer needs only his natural dreams, and he does not like his thought to be influenced by any agent."

title: Club des Hashischins


text:
Calvary Cemetery (Los Angeles)

Calvary Cemetery is a Roman Catholic cemetery that the Archdiocese of Los Angeles runs in the community of East Los Angeles, California. It is also called "New Calvary Cemetery" because it succeeded the original Calvary Cemetery (on north Broadway), over which Cathedral High School was built.

Old Calvary
When Los Angeles was originally surveyed and mapped under the leadership of Gen. Edward Ord in 1849, its graveyard was at the upper end of Eternity Street. At the lower end of Eternity was the first church in Los Angeles, the Placita. In between lay a part of town flanked by adobe houses, citrus trees, and Coast Live Oaks suitable for traditional funeral processions escorting believers to eternity. The land allotted to the cemetery lay between a creek a half block north of College Street and the toma (intake of the Zanja Madre) beyond the northern edge of town. That cemetery was named Calvary.

All the important magnates of the country around Los Angeles were buried at Calvary, such as Gen. Andrés Pico, the hero of the Battle of San Pascual, and Don Abel Stearns, a man of many ranchos. The ravine sloping down from the west took its name; it was called "Cemetery Ravine" (now Chavez Ravine, home of Dodger Stadium). Later, a Protestant cemetery for Los Angeles was laid out atop Fort Hill, where Grand Arts High School and the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels are now.

As Los Angeles swelled with settlers, so also did old Calvary Cemetery grow in size and importance, and a chapel was built. Large in scale for the desert Southwest of Southern California, that chapel was dedicated to the memory of a patron, Andrew Briswalter, who died in 1885. When conditions led to the founding of a new, even bigger cemetery on the other side of the Los Angeles River in 1896—in East Los Angeles—the property of the historic cemetery was put to other uses. At the time, many Italians began moving into the north side of Los Angeles, where they founded a new church on north Spring Street. So many Italians moved in, that the upper part of town became known as "Little Italy." As it grew, a new, more permanent church building was sought, so parishioners bought the chapel of old Calvary Cemetery. The first child was baptized there in September 1904. The chapel was formally established as a church when Fr. A. Bucci dedicated the chapel of the old cemetery as St. Peter's Church on July 4, 1915.

Old Calvary's historic chapel survives today in the parish and buildings of St. Peter's Italian Catholic Church, 1039 N Broadway. Historic old Calvary Cemetery was built over and much of it is now occupied by Cathedral High School.

Current plots
The current site across the river and uphill, measuring 137 acres, was dedicated in 1896. All Souls Chapel was built on the grounds in 1902, and was dedicated on All Souls' Day of that same year. Bishop George Thomas Montgomery offered a Solemn Pontifical Mass on a temporary altar at the site, and afterwards presided at the setting in place of the cornerstone. It was designed as a replica of the parish church of St. Giles in the rural town of Stoke Poges, Buckinghamshire, in England. That church is believed to have been the setting of the famed 18th-century poem Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard. The chapel became one of the most visited places of worship in Southern California after its opening. All Souls Chapel is now used primarily for burial services.

The Main Mausoleum, with a new chapel, was built in 1936. It was designed by architect Ross Montgomery. Two additional mausoleums, Our Lady's Garden and Gethsemane, have since been built. The cemetery has its own chaplain and daily Mass is offered in the chapel of the Main Mausoleum.

title: Calvary Cemetery (Los Angeles)


text:
Hollywood Forever Cemetery

Hollywood Forever Cemetery is a full-service cemetery, funeral home, crematory, and cultural events center which regularly hosts community events such as live music and summer movie screenings. It is one of the oldest cemeteries in Los Angeles, California and is located at 6000 Santa Monica Boulevard in the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood. It was founded in 1899 as Hollywood Cemetery, and, from 1939, was known as Hollywood Memorial Park until 1998 when it was given its current name. The studios of Paramount Pictures are located at the south end of the same block, on 40 acre that were once an undeveloped part of the cemetery.

Individuals interred in the cemetery include many prominent people from the entertainment industry, as well as people who played vital roles in shaping Los Angeles.

History
The only cemetery actually in Hollywood, Hollywood Forever was founded in 1899 on 100 acre and named "Hollywood Cemetery" by F. W. Samuelson and (first name unknown) Lombard. In 1897, the two men were the owners of a 60 acre tract of land near Hollywood in Los Angeles County. In that year, they—along with Mrs. M. W. Gardner of Santa Monica, Joseph D. Rodford, Gilbert Smith, and Thomas R. Wallace—formed a corporation known as the "Hollywood Cemetery Association.  The cemetery sold large tracts to Paramount Pictures, which, with RKO Pictures, bought 40 acre by 1920. Part of the remaining land was set aside for the Beth Olam Cemetery, a dedicated Jewish burial ground for members of the local Jewish community.

Jules Roth (1900–1998) was a convicted felon and millionaire. In 1939, he bought a 51% stake in the cemetery, which is the interment site of his parents. He used the money from the cemetery's operations to pay for his personal luxuries. At that time, the cemetery was known as Hollywood Memorial Park. In the 1980s, the cemetery began to show signs of neglect and disrepair.

Actress Hattie McDaniel, best known for her role as Mammy in the epic movie Gone with the Wind (for which she became the first African American to win an Academy Award) had expressed a desire to be interred at Hollywood Memorial Park. At the time of McDaniel's death in 1952, Hollywood Memorial, like other cemeteries, was segregated. Despite McDaniel's expressed wish, Roth would not allow the actress to be interred in the cemetery. Hollywood Forever would be desegregated seven years later. In 1999 (the 47th anniversary of McDaniel's death), the cemetery's current owner dedicated a cenotaph in her honor at a prime location south of Sylvan Lake.

In July, 1974, the crematory was shut down following the cremation of singer Cass Elliot. According to cemetery grounds supervisor Daniel Ugarte, the crematory was in such disrepair that bricks began falling in around Elliot's remains. The crematory remained closed for twenty-eight years until it was repaired and re-opened in 2002. The first incineration to be conducted at the cemetery since the incident, before the official reopening, was of George Harrison on November 29, 2001.

By the 1980s, the California Cemetery Board began receiving regular complaints from the families of people interred there. Family members complained that the grounds were not kept up and were disturbed to hear stories about vandalism on the cemetery grounds. The heirs of well-known makeup artist Max Factor (who was interred in the Beth Olam Mausoleum in 1938) moved his and other family members remains to Hillside Memorial Park in Culver City after the mausoleum sustained water damage that discolored the walls.

In 1986, a Los Angeles woman and 1,000 other plot owners filed a class action lawsuit against the cemetery for invasion of privacy after they discovered that Roth allowed employees of Paramount Pictures to park in the cemetery while the studio's parking structure was undergoing construction.

In the late 1980s, Jules Roth sold two lawns totaling 3 acre that were facing the Santa Monica Boulevard front of the property. It was reported that the property was paid for with cash. Those lawns are now strip malls that house, among other businesses, an auto parts store and a laundromat.

After the 1994 Northridge earthquake, Roth could not afford to repair the roofs and other damage the earthquake caused to crypts. By that time, Hollywood Memorial was no longer making money and only generated revenue by charging families $500 for disinterments.

In 1997, Roth became ill after he fell in his Hollywood Hills home. He had been embroiled in a scandal regarding another cemetery he owned, Lincoln Memorial Park, in Carson, California. Several months before his death, Roth was bedridden and disoriented and during this time his will was changed to provide for his business associates and maid, who were the only witnesses to his signature. His relatives, who were listed in his previous will, were written out. Roth died on January 4, 1998, and he was interred next to his wife, Virginia, his father, and his mother in the Cathedral Mausoleum. The state of California had revoked the cemetery's license to sell its remaining interment spaces.

After Roth's death, the cemetery's subsequent owners Brent and Tyler Cassity, aka Tyo, LLC, discovered that the endowment care fund—meant to care for the cemetery in perpetuity—was missing about $9 million. Tyler Cassity also claimed that he discovered Mr. Roth's bust in an antique shop, and that the bust was part of Mr. Roth's personal artifacts that were sold at auction.

Those owners, Tyo, LLC, purchased the now 62 acre property that was on the verge of closure in a bankruptcy proceeding, in 1998 for $375,000. They renamed the cemetery "Hollywood Forever" and set out to give it a complete restoration, investing millions in revitalizing the grounds and also offering documentaries about the deceased that are to be played in perpetuity on kiosks and are posted on the Web, as well as organizing tours to draw visitors.

Since 2002, the cemetery has screened films on weekends during the summer and on holidays at a gathering called Cinespia. The screenings are held on the Douglas Fairbanks Lawn near the Fairbanks crypt and the films are projected onto the white marble west wall of the Cathedral Mausoleum. Music events take place in the cemetery as well. On June 14 and 15, 2011, The Flaming Lips played at the cemetery in a two-night gig billed "Everyone You Know Someday Will Die", a lyric from their 2002 single "Do You Realize??".

The cemetery contained a Confederate Monument, erected in 1925 and maintained by the Long Beach chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy until August 15, 2017.

On August 17, 2013, electronic/industrial musician Gary Numan recorded a live album at the cemetery during his Splinter World Tour. It was released on February 19, 2016.

Also in 2013, Brent Cassity and his father, James Douglas Cassity, admitted guilt in a $600 million Ponzi scheme involving their control of National Prearranged Services, Inc. Brent Cassity was sentenced to 5 years in federal prison; James "Doug" Cassity was likewise sentenced to 9 years and 7 months. James Douglas Cassity died of natural causes in 2020, following his release by the Federal Bureau of Prisons in an effort to mitigate the spread of COVID-19.

Cultural references

A documentary about the cemetery called The Young and the Dead, was made in 2000.

The cemetery is briefly shown in the short Stopover in Hollywood. The television series 90210 featured the cemetery in the episode "Hollywood Forever".

Father John Misty released a song titled "Hollywood Forever Cemetery Sings" on his 2012 album titled Fear Fun.

Talking Dead hosted a live 90-minute season premiere on the grounds, immediately following the Season 7 premiere of The Walking Dead. The grounds were also used to air the series finale of Breaking Bad.

Violet LeVoit's 2016 neo-noir novella I Miss The World takes place within the cemetery.

The cemetery was a featured location in the 2015 Michael Connelly book The Crossing.

Allison Ponthier's song "Hollywood Forever Cemetery" references the cemetery, and explores the nature of performance and celebrity both in life and after death.

"Forever Tributes"
The cemetery's website contains "Forever Tributes" of some interments, which consist of a video with introduction titles saying, "A Hollywood Forever Tribute, in honor of...(name)". The body of the video contains photos and film clips of the honoree, interviews with friends or relatives, and music and narration. The conclusion shows the honoree's name, birth year, and death year. For example, the cemetery's "Life Stories Archive" has a tribute of Rudolph Valentino.

title: Hollywood Forever Cemetery


text:
Gérard de Nerval

Gérard de Nerval (22 May 1808 – 26 January 1855), the pen name of the French writer, poet, and translator Gérard Labrunie, was a French essayist, poet, translator, and travel writer. He was a major figure during the era of French romanticism, and best known for his novellas and poems, especially the collection Les Filles du feu (The Daughters of Fire), which included the novella Sylvie and the poem "El Desdichado". Through his translations, Nerval played a major role in introducing French readers to the works of German Romantic authors, including Klopstock, Schiller, Bürger and Goethe. His later work merged poetry and journalism in a fictional context and influenced Marcel Proust. His last novella, Aurélia ou le rêve et la vie, influenced André Breton and Surrealism.

Early life
Gérard Labrunie was born in Paris on 22 May 1808. His mother, Marie Marguerite Antoinette Laurent, was the daughter of a clothing salesman, and his father, Étienne Labrunie, was a young doctor who had volunteered to serve as a medic in the army under Napoleon.

In June 1808, soon after Gérard's birth, Étienne was drafted. With his young wife in tow, Étienne followed the army on tours of Germany and Austria, eventually settling in a hospital in Głogów. While they travelled East, the Labrunies left their newborn son Gérard in the care of Marie Marguerite's uncle Antoine Boucher, who lived in Mortefontaine, a small town in the Valois region, not far from Paris. On 29 November 1810 Marie Marguerite died before she could return to France. Gérard was two years old. Having buried his wife, Étienne took part in the disastrous French invasion of Russia. He was reunited with his son in 1814.

Upon his return to France in 1814, Étienne took his son and moved back to Paris, starting a medical practice at 72 rue Saint-Martin. Gérard lived with his father but often stayed with his great-uncle Boucher in Mortefontaine and with Gérard Dublanc at 2 rue de Mantes (now 2 rue du Maréchal Joffre) in Saint-Germain-en-Laye. (Dublanc, Étienne's uncle, was also Gérard's godfather.)

In 1822 Gérard enrolled at the collège Charlemagne. This was where he met and befriended Théophile Gautier. This was also where he began to take poetry more seriously. He was especially drawn to epic poetry. At age 16, he wrote a poem that recounted the circumstances of Napoleon's defeat called "Napoléon ou la France guerrière, élégies nationales". Later, he tried out satire, writing poems that took aim at Prime Minister Villèle, the Jesuit order, and anti-liberal newspapers like La Quotidienne. His writing started to be published in 1826.

At age 19, with minimal knowledge of the German language, he began the ambitious task of translating Goethe's Faust. His prose translation appeared in 1828. Despite its many flaws, the translation had many merits, and it did a great deal to establish his poetic reputation. It is the reason why Victor Hugo, the leader of the Romantic movement in France, felt compelled to have Gérard come to his apartment on 11, rue Notre-Dame-des-Champs.

Cénacle
In 1829, having received his baccalaureate degree two years late (perhaps because he skipped classes to go for walks and read for pleasure), Gérard was under pressure from his father to find steady employment. He took a job at a notary's office, but his heart was set on literature. When Victor Hugo asked him to support his play Hernani, under attack from conservative critics suspicious of Romanticism, Gérard was more than happy to join the fight (see Bataille d'Hernani).

Gérard was sympathetic to the liberal and republican atmosphere of the time, and was briefly imprisoned in 1832 for participating in student demonstrations. Gérard set himself two anthology projects: one on German poetry, and one on French poetry. Alexandre Dumas and Pierre-Sébastien Laurentie arranged a library card for him so he could carry out his research.

The first anthology included translations of Klopstock, Schiller, Bürger and Goethe, and met with less enthusiasm than his translation of Faust. The second anthology included poems by Ronsard, Joachim du Bellay, Jean-Antoine de Baïf, Guillaume Du Bartas and Jean-Baptiste Chassignet.

By the fall of 1830, the Cénacle, a group created by Sainte-Beuve to ensure Victor Hugo's success with Hernani, had assembled many famed writers, including Alfred de Vigny, Alfred de Musset, Charles Nodier, Alexandre Dumas and Honoré de Balzac. After Hernani's success, the Cénacle began to fall apart. At that time a new group appeared: the Petit-Cénacle, created by the sculptor Jean Bernard Duseigneur. Gérard attended some of the meetings, which took place in Duseigneur's studio.

Gérard, following Hugo's lead, started to write plays. Le Prince des sots and Lara ou l'expiation were shown at the Théâtre de l'Odéon and met with positive reviews. He started to use the pseudonym Gérard de Nerval, inspired by the name of a property near Loisy (a village near Ver-sur-Launette, Oise) which had belonged to his family.

Work with Dumas
In January 1834, Nerval's maternal grandfather died and he inherited around 30,000 francs. That autumn, he headed to southern France and then travelled to Florence, Rome and Naples. On his return in 1835, he moved in with a group of Romantic artists (including Camille Rogier). In May of that year, he created Le Monde Dramatique, a luxurious literary journal on which he squandered his inheritance. Debt-ridden, he finally sold it in 1836. Getting his start in journalism, he travelled to Belgium with Gautier from July to September.

In 1837, Piquillo was shown at the Opéra-Comique. Despite Nerval's work on the project, Dumas' was the only name on the libretto. Jenny Colon played the main role. Nerval may have fallen in love with the actress. Some specialists claim that his unrequited love for her is what inspired many of the female figures that appear in his writing, including the Virgin Mary, Isis, the queen of Saba. Other experts disagree with this biographical analysis.

Despite Dumas' refusal to let him take credit for his work, Nerval continued to collaborate with Dumas on plays. In the summer of 1838, he travelled with Dumas to Germany to work on Léo Burckart, which eventually premiered at the Théâtre de la Porte-Saint-Martin on 16 April 1839, six days after the premiere of another play the pair worked on together called L'Alchimiste. In November 1839, Nerval travelled to Vienna, where he met the pianist Marie Pleyel at the French embassy.

First nervous breakdowns
Back in France in March 1840, Nerval took over Gautier's column at La Presse. After publishing a third edition of Faust in July, including a preface and fragments of Second Faust, he travelled to Belgium in October. On 15 December Piquillo premiered in Brussels, where Nerval crossed paths with Jenny Colon and Marie Pleyel once again.

After a first nervous breakdown on 23 February 1841, he was cared for at the Sainte-Colombe Borstal ("maison de correction"). On 1 March Jules Janin published an obituary for Nerval in the Journal des Débats. After a second nervous breakdown, Nerval was housed in Docteur Esprit Blanche's clinic in Montmartre, where he remained from March to November.

Travels
On 22 December 1842, Nerval set off for the Near East, travelling to Alexandria, Cairo, Beirut, Constantinople, Malta and Naples. Back in Paris in 1843, he began to publish articles about his trip in 1844. His Voyage en Orient appeared in 1851.

Between 1844 and 1847, Nerval travelled to Belgium, the Netherlands, and London, producing travel writing. At the same time, he wrote novellas and opera librettos and translated poems by his friend Heinrich Heine, publishing a selection of translations in 1848. His last years were spent in dire financial and emotional straits. Following his doctor Emile Blanche's advice, he tried to purge himself of his intense emotions in his writing. This is when he composed some of his best works.

Nerval had a pet lobster named Thibault, which he walked at the end of a blue silk ribbon in the Palais-Royal in Paris. According to Théophile Gautier, Nerval said: "Why should a lobster be any more ridiculous than a dog? ...or a cat, or a gazelle, or a lion, or any other animal that one chooses to take for a walk? I have a liking for lobsters. They are peaceful, serious creatures. They know the secrets of the sea, they don't bark, and they don't gnaw upon one's monadic privacy like dogs do. And Goethe had an aversion to dogs, and he wasn't mad."

In his later years, Nerval also took an interest in socialism, tracing its origins to the eighteenth-century Illuminists and esoteric authors such as Nicolas-Edme Rétif.

Suicide
Increasingly poverty-stricken and disoriented, he took his own life during the night of 26 January 1855, by hanging himself from the bar of a cellar window in the rue de la Vieille-Lanterne, a narrow lane in a squalid section of Paris. He left a brief note to his aunt: "Don't wait up for me this evening, for the night will be black and white." It is to be noted that, just like in English, in French a nuit blanche (literal translation: a white night) is a sleepless night.

The poet Charles Baudelaire observed that Nerval had "delivered his soul in the darkest street that he could find." The discoverers of his body were puzzled by the fact that his hat was still on his head. The last pages of his manuscript for Aurélia ou le rêve et la vie were found in a pocket of his coat. After a religious ceremony at the Notre-Dame cathedral (which was granted despite his suicide because of his troubled mental state), he was buried in the Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris, at the expense of his friends Théophile Gautier and Arsène Houssaye, who published Aurélia as a book later that year.

The complete works of Gérard de Nerval are published in three volumes by Gallimard in the collection Bibliothèque de la Pléiade.

Assessments and legacy
Goethe read Nerval's translation of Faust and called it "very successful", even claiming that he preferred it to the original.

The composer Hector Berlioz relied on Nerval's translation of Faust for his work La damnation de Faust, which premiered in 1846.

In 1867, Nerval's friend Théophile Gautier (1811–1872) wrote a touching reminiscence of him in "La Vie de Gérard" which was included in his Portraits et Souvenirs Littéraires (1875).

For Marcel Proust, Nerval was one of the greatest writers of the nineteenth century. Proust especially admired Sylvie's exploration of time lost and regained, which would become one of Proust's deepest interests and the dominant theme of his magnum opus In Search of Lost Time. Later, André Breton named Nerval a precursor of Surrealist art, which drew on Nerval's forays into the significance of dreams. For his part, Antonin Artaud compared Nerval's visionary poetry to the work of Hölderlin, Nietzsche and Van Gogh.

In 1945, at the end of the Second World War and after a long illness, the Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst Carl Jung delivered a lecture in Zürich on Nerval's Aurélia which he regarded as a work of "extraordinary magnitude". Jung described Nerval's memoir as a cautionary tale (the protagonist cannot profit psychologically from his own lucidity and profound insights), and he validates Nerval's visionary experience as a genuine encounter with the collective unconscious and anima mundi.

Umberto Eco in his Six Walks in the Fictional Woods calls Nerval's Sylvie a "masterpiece" and analysed it to demonstrate the use of temporal ambiguity.

Henry Miller called Nerval an "extraordinary French poet" and included him among a group of exemplary translators:"[i]n English we have yet to produce a poet who is able to do for Rimbaud what Baudelaire did for Poe's verse, or Nerval for Faust, or Morel and Larbaud for Ulysses". Literary critic Harold Bloom called him "a pure instance of Faustian man" but judged that "the sorrow of his unmothered and unloved existence destroyed him before" his genius could "fus[e] all the visionary's contraries together."

Twentieth century French composer Denise Roger used Nerval's texts for some of her songs.

The English rock band Traffic included the jazz-rock track "Dream Gerrard" in their 1974 album When the Eagle Flies. Lyrics are known to be mainly written by Vivian Stanshall after reading Nerval's biography.

There are streets named after Nerval in the towns of Saint-Denis, Béthisy-Saint-Pierre, Crépy-en-Valois, Creil, Mortefontaine, Othis and Senlis.

Selected works

 * Les Faux Saulniers (The Salt Smugglers, 1850) – published over several weeks in Le National, a daily newspaper. He later incorporated some of this material in Les Filles du feu (in Angelique) and in Les Illuminés (in L'Abbé de Bucquoy).
 * Voyage en Orient (1851) – an account of the author's voyages to Germany, Switzerland and Vienna in 1839 and 1840, and to Egypt and Turkey in 1843. Includes several pieces already published, including Les Amours de Vienne, which first appeared in the Revue de Paris in 1841. One of the author's major works.
 * La Bohème Galante (1852) – a collection of short prose works and poems including some of the set he later called Odelettes. Dedicated and addressed to Arsène Houssaye.
 * Les Nuits d'Octobre (1852) – a small but distinguished collection of essays describing Paris at night.
 * Lorely, souvenirs d'Allemagne (1852) – an account of his travels along the Rhine, also in Holland and Belgium. It includes the full-length play Léo Burckart, under the title "Scènes de la Vie Allemande".
 * Les Illuminés (1852) – a collection of six biographical narratives in the form of novellas or essays.
 * Sylvie (1853) – described by Nerval as "un petit roman" ("a small novel"), it is the most celebrated of his works.
 * Petits Châteaux de Bohême (1853) – a collection of prose works and poetry, including the short play Corilla, which was subsequently included in Les Filles du feu, the Odelettes, and several of the sonnets later published as The Chimeras.
 * Les Filles du feu (1854) – a volume of short stories or idylls, including the previously published Sylvie, along with a sequence of twelve sonnets, The Chimeras
 * Pandora (1854) – another Fille du Feu, not finished in time for inclusion in that volume, written in the style of Sylvie and set in Vienna. Also known as La Pandora, often subtitled Suite des Amours de Vienne.
 * Aurélia ou le rêve et la vie (1855, posthumously) – a fantasy-ridden interior autobiography as referred to by Gérard de Nerval
 * Promenades et Souvenirs (1854–1855) – a collection of eight essays after the manner of Les Nuits d'Octobre, describing the Saint-Germain neighbourhood of the author's childhood and youth. The last, "Chantilly", includes a portrait similar to those in Les Filles du feu.

Quotes
From 'El Desdichado' in “The Chimeras," from Sylvie & The Chimeras:
 * I am the tenebrous, – the widower, – the disconsolate
 * Prince of Aquitaine in a ruined tower:
 * My only star is dead, – and my lute, constellated,
 * Bears the black sun of Melancholy.

 * In the dark night of the tomb, you who consoled me,
 * Grant me the Posillipo and the sea of Italy,
 * The flower that so pleased my heart which is desolate,
 * And the trellis where vines with roses intertwine.

Works in French

 * Œuvres complètes. 3 vols. Eds. Jean Guillaume & Claude Pichois. Paris: La Pléiade-Gallimard, 1984. Print.
 * Les filles du feu/Les Chimères. Ed. Bertrand Marchal. Paris: Folio-Gallimard, 2005. Print. ISBN 978-2070314799
 * Aurélia – La Pandora – Les Nuits d'Octobre – Promenades et souvenirs. Ed. Jean-Nicolas Illouz. Paris: Folio-Gallimard, 2005. Print. ISBN 978-2070314768

English translations

 * The Women of Cairo, trans. Conrad Elphinstone. Harcourt, Brace, 1930. Later reprinted as Journey to the Orient. New York: Antipodes Press, 2012. ISBN 978-0988202603
 * Aurélia & Other Writings, trans. Geoffrey Wagner, Robert Duncan, Marc Lowenthal. New York: Exact Change, 1996. ISBN 978-1878972095
 * Selected Writings, trans. Richard Sieburth. New York: Penguin, 1999. Print. ISBN 978-0140446012
 * The Illuminated, or The Precursors of Socialism: Tales and Portraits, trans. Peter Valente. Wakefield Press, 2022. ISBN 978-1-93966-374-0
 * Sylvie & The Chimeras, trans. Richard Robinson. Portland, OR: Sunny Lou Publishing, 2023. ISBN 978-1-95539-240-2
 * Small Castles of Bohemia, trans. Napoleon Jeffries. Wakefield Press, forthcoming.

Biography

 * Album Nerval. Eds. Éric Buffetaud and Claude Pichois. Paris: La Pléiade-Gallimard, 1993. ISBN 2070112829.
 * Cogez, Gérard. Gérard de Nerval. Paris : Folio-Gallimard, 2010. Print. ISBN 978-2070338795
 * Gautier, Théophile. Histoire du romantisme/Quarante portraits romantiques. Ed. Adrien Goetz. Paris: Folio-Gallimard, 2011. Print. ISBN 978-2070412730
 * Gautier, Théophile. (1900). "Gérard de Nerval." In: The Complete Works of Théophile Gautier, Vol. VIII. London: The Athenæum Press, pp. 96–116.
 * Jones, Robert Emmet (1974). Gerard de Nerval. New York: Twayne Publishers.
 * Pierre Petitfils, Nerval, Paris, Julliard, 1986, coll. Les Vivants ISBN 2-260-00484-9
 * Sowerby, Benn. The disinherited; the life of Gérard de Nerval, 1808–1855. New York: New York University Press, 1974. Print.

Criticism (books)

 * Ahearn, Edward J. "Visionary Insanity: Nerval's Aurélia." Visionary Fictions: Apocalyptic Writing from Blake to the Modern Age. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1996. Print.
 * Jeanneret, Michel. La lettre perdue: Ecriture et folie dans l'œuvre de Nerval. Paris: Flammarion, 1978. Print.
 * Gordon, Rae Beth (2014). "The Enchanted Hand: Schlegel's Arabesque in Nerval." In: Ornament, Fantasy, and Desire in Nineteenth-Century French Literature. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
 * Jung, Carl Gustav (1945/2015). On Psychological and Visionary Art: Notes from C. G. Jung's Lecture on Gérard de Nerval's "Aurélia". Ed. Craig E Stephenson, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
 * Rhodes, Solomon A. (1951). Gérard de Nerval, 1808–1855: Poet, Traveler, Dreamer. New York: Philosophical Library.
 * Symons, Arthur (1919). "Gérard de Nerval." In: The Symbolist Movement in Literature. New York: E.P. Dutton & Company, pp. 69–95.
 * Lang, Andrew (1892). "Gérard de Nerval." In: Letters on Literature. London and New York: Longmans, Green & Co., pp. 147–156.

Criticism (journal articles)

 * Blackman, Maurice (1986–87). "Byron and the First Poem of Gérard de Nerval," Nineteenth-Century French Studies, Vol. XV, No. 1/2, pp. 94–107.
 * Bray, Patrick M. (2006). "Lost in the Fold: Space and Subjectivity in Gérard de Nerval's 'Généalogie' and Sylvie," French Forum, Vol. XXXI, No. 2, pp. 35–51.
 * Carroll, Robert C. (1976). "Illusion and Identity: Gérard de Nerval and Rétif's 'Sara'," Studies in Romanticism, Vol. XV, No. 1, pp. 59–80.
 * Carroll, Robert C. (1976). "Gérard de Nerval: Prodigal Son of History," Nineteenth-Century French Studies, Vol. IV, No. 3, pp. 263–273.
 * DuBruck, Alfred (1974–1975). "Nerval and Dumas in Germany," Nineteenth-Century French Studies, Vol. III, No. 1/2, pp. 58–64.
 * Duckworth, Colin (1965). "Eugène Scribe and Gérard de Nerval 'Celui Qui Tient la Corde Nous Étrangle'," The Modern Language Review, Vol. LX, No. 1, pp. 32–40.
 * Knapp, Bettina L. (1974–75). "Gérard de Nerval's 'Isis' and the Cult of the Madonna," Nineteenth-Century French Studies, Vol. III, No. 1/2, pp. 65–79.
 * Knapp, Bettina L. (1976). "Gérard de Nerval: The Queen of Sheba and the Occult," Nineteenth-Century French Studies, Vol. IV, No. 3, pp. 244–257.
 * Lang, Andrew (1873). "Gérard de Nerval, 1810–1855," Fraser's Magazine, Vol. VII, pp. 559–566.
 * Mauris, Maurice (1880). "Gérard de Nerval." In: French Men of Letters. New York: D. Appleton and Company, pp. 129–150.
 * Moon, H. Kay (1965). "Gerard de Nerval: A Reappraisal," Brigham Young University Studies, Vol. VII, No. 1, pp. 40–52.
 * Rhodes, Solomon A. (1938). "Poetical Affiliations of Gerard de Nerval," PMLA, Vol. LIII, No. 4, pp. 1157–1171.
 * Rhodes, Solomon A. (1949). "The Friendship between Gérard de Nerval and Heinrich Heine," The French Review, Vol. XXIII, No. 1, pp. 18–27.
 * Rinsler, Norma (1963). "Gérard de Nerval, Fire and Ice," The Modern Language Review, Vol. LVIII, No. 4, pp. 495–499.
 * Rinsler, Norma (1963). "Gérard de Nerval's Celestial City and the Chain of Souls," Studies in Romanticism, Vol. II, No. 2, pp. 87–106.
 * Smith, Garnet (1889). "Gérard de Nerval," The Gentleman's Magazine, Vol. CCLXVI, pp. 285–296.
 * Warren, Rosanna (1983). "The 'Last Madness' of Gérard de Nerval," The Georgia Review, Vol. XXXVII, No. 1, pp. 131–138.

title: Gérard de Nerval


text:
USS Pampanito

USS Pampanito (SS-383/AGSS-383), a Balao-class submarine, is a United States Navy ship, the third named for the pompano fish. She completed six war patrols from 1944 to 1945 and served as a United States Naval Reserve training ship from 1960 to 1971. She is now a National Historic Landmark, preserved as a memorial and museum ship in the San Francisco Maritime National Park Association located at Fisherman's Wharf in San Francisco, California.

Construction and commissioning
Pampanito's keel was laid down by the Portsmouth Navy Yard in Kittery, Maine, on 15 March 1943. She was launched on 12 July 1943, sponsored by Mrs. James Wolfender, and commissioned on 6 November 1943.

World War II
After shakedown off New London, Connecticut, Pampanito transited the Panama Canal and arrived at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on 14 February 1944.

First patrol, March - May 1944
Pampanito's first war patrol, from 15 March to 2 May, was conducted in the southwest approaches to Saipan and Guam. She served on lifeguard duty south of Yap, then scored two torpedo hits on a destroyer before sailing for Midway Island and Pearl Harbor for refit and repairs to a hull badly damaged by depth charges.

Second patrol, June - July 1944
Pampanito's second war patrol, from 3 June to 23 July, took place off Kyūshū, Shikoku, and Honshū. On 23 June, a submerged Japanese submarine fired two torpedoes, just missing Pampanito. On 6 July, Pampanito damaged a Japanese gunboat, and 11 days later headed for Midway Island.

Third patrol, August - September 1944
Pampanito's third war patrol, from 17 August to 28 September, a wolfpack operation with submarines USS Growler (SS-215) and USS Sealion (SS-315), was conducted in the South China Sea. On 12 September, she sank the 9,419-ton SS Rakuyō Maru, which unfortunately was transporting 1,350 British and Australian prisoners of war (POWs), also the 5,135-ton tanker Zuihō Maru, and she damaged a third ship. The Japanese survivors were rescued by an escort vessel, leaving POWs in the water with rafts and some abandoned boats. A total of 1,159 POWs died, of whom some 350 in lifeboats were bombarded and killed by a Japanese naval vessel the next day when they were rowing towards land. On 15 September, Pampanito moved back to the area of the original attack and found men clinging to makeshift rafts. As the sub moved closer, the men were heard to be shouting in English. Pampanito was able to pick up 73 British and Australian survivors and called in three other subs, Sealion, USS Barb (SS-220) and USS Queenfish (SS-393), to assist with the rescue. She then set course for Saipan, disembarked the survivors, and continued on to Pearl Harbor.

Fourth patrol, October - December 1944
Pampanito's fourth war patrol, from 28 October to 30 December, took place off Formosa and the coast of southeastern China with USS Sea Cat (SS-399), USS Pipefish (SS-388), and USS Searaven (SS-196). Sinking the 1,200-ton cargo ship Shinko Maru Number One, 19 November, she damaged a second ship before putting into Fremantle for refit.

Fifth patrol, January - February 1945
Pampanito's fifth war patrol in the Gulf of Siam, from 23 January to 12 February 1945, with USS Guavina (SS-362), was highlighted by two sinkings, the 6,968-ton cargo ship Engen Maru 6 February and the 3,520-ton passenger-cargo ship Eifuku Maru on 8 February.

Sixth patrol
Refitted at Subic Bay, Pampanito returned to the Gulf of Siam for her sixth war patrol. Operating with USS Caiman (SS-323), Sealion, and USS Mingo (SS-261), she sighted only one target before sailing for Pearl Harbor.

1945–1971
From Pearl Harbor the ship proceeded to San Francisco for overhaul, departing for Pearl Harbor again 1 August. With the end of the war, she was ordered to return to San Francisco. She was decommissioned at Mare Island on 15 December 1945. She remained in reserve until April 1960 when she was assigned to Naval Reserve Training at Mare Island Naval Shipyard. Reclassified AGSS-383, 6 November 1962, she served as a Naval Reserve Training ship at Vallejo, California, until she was stricken from the Navy Register on 20 December 1971.

Pampanito earned six battle stars for World War II service.

Museum ship
Pampanito was turned into a memorial and museum at San Francisco on 21 November 1975, transferred to the Maritime Park Association (formerly the National Maritime Museum Association) on 20 May 1976, and opened to the public on 15 March 1982.

In 1986, Pampanito was listed on the National Register of Historic Places and declared to be a National Historic Landmark.

She is now owned and operated by the San Francisco Maritime National Park Association and is moored at Pier 45 in San Francisco's Fisherman's Wharf area, where she is open for visiting.

The USS PAMPANITO Amateur Radio Club brings the radio room to life on the 2nd and 4th Saturdays of each month using the callsign NJ6VT –NJVT was the boat's call sign during WWII. Ham radio operators may contact the boat on 7.260 and 14.260 MHz using voice, and on other frequencies using Morse Code.

She flies a broom from her mast, indicating a clean sweep: a successful patrol that "swept the enemy from the seas. In total, she sank six Japanese ships and damaged four others with a total of more than 27,000 tons of enemy shipping sunk.

Pampanito has completed four maintenance dry dockings since becoming a memorial and museum. "The Pampanito still has several working parts, including one torpedo tube, the periscope, engines, galley and ice-cream maker." The museum runs educational programs including one that allows organized groups of children and adults to sleep overnight in the submarine's 48 bunk beds.

The ship was closed to the public and moved to a dry-dock on 23 September 2016 and returned from Bay Ship & Yacht in Alameda, CA on 14 November 2016 and is currently open to the public.

Pampanito and the Liberty ship SS Jeremiah O'Brien were threatened by a four-alarm fire on 23 May 2020, but were saved by local firefighters.

In film
Pampanito played the fictional USS Stingray (SS-161) in the 1996 comedy film Down Periscope. Kelsey Grammer stars as the Stingray's commanding officer, Lieutenant Commander Thomas Dodge, and the film is set on the United States East Coast in the harbors at Charleston, South Carolina, and Norfolk, Virginia. The action scenes use a combination of a special effects shooting miniature for the composited underwater scenes, older Pampanito color stock footage of her under power on the surface, then submerging, and newly shot footage of Pampanito moving under tow in San Francisco Bay while venturing past the Golden Gate Bridge. It had been fifty years since she last passed under the bridge.

title: USS Pampanito