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Vince Gair

Vincent Clair Gair (25 February 1901 – 11 November 1980) was an Australian politician. He served as Premier of Queensland from 1952 until 1957, when his stormy relations with the trade union movement saw him expelled from the Labor Party. He was elected to the Australian Senate and led the Democratic Labor Party from 1965 to 1973. In 1974 he was appointed Australian Ambassador to Ireland by the Whitlam government, which caused his expulsion from the DLP.

Early life
Gair was born in Rockhampton to John Alexander and Catherine Mary Gair, a Scottish father and an Irish mother, and raised a Catholic. His parents were founding members of the Labor Party in Queensland in the 1890s. He began work with the Department of Railways upon the family's move to Dutton Park, Queensland. In 1916 he joined the Labor Party. He married Florence Glynn in 1924. She died in an accident five years later.

State parliamentary career
The Queensland state electorate of South Brisbane was held from 1929 to 1932 by Neil MacGroarty, Attorney-General in the government of Arthur Moore. MacGroarty was influential in creating the Mungana Royal Commission to destroy the political career of Ted Theodore, and reportedly incurred the displeasure of the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Brisbane, James Duhig.

Gair worked at consolidating his hold on the marginal electorate, at which he was largely successful except in the 1938 election, when a newly formed Protestant Labor Party targeted his seat. He fended off the challenge and retained a low profile in Parliament. In 1941, Gair's only daughter from his first marriage died. In 1944 he remarried, to Ellen Mary Sexton; the couple had two sons.

Gair was a backbencher for ten years during the William Forgan Smith government before being appointed as Secretary for Mines under the elderly Frank Cooper in 1942. The same year he became Minister for Labour and Employment (later Labour and Industry), and in 1947 he was elected by his colleagues as Deputy Premier. In 1950 he also became Treasurer. Gair had not previously held office in a trade union. Many Labor parliamentarians in Queensland in particular were closely aligned with the Australian Workers' Union (AWU). Premier Edward Hanlon was the first in a succession of Queensland premiers not to be linked with the AWU, and this fact helped bring about a reduction in the union's political influence.

In 1948, the Industrial Groups associated with the Catholic Movement of B. A. Santamaria were introduced into Queensland to combat the influence of the Communist Party of Australia in the trade unions. The Industrial Groups (whose members were known as Groupers) were supported by Gair, who hoped to use them to cement his personal power base within the party's organisational wing, as well as by union leader Joe Bukowski and the AWU. When conflict with the Groupers precipitated a national split in the ALP, leading to the formation of the breakaway Democratic Labor Party (DLP), the national organisation of the AWU swung its support behind ALP leader Dr H. V. Evatt and disbanded the Groups. This would later deprive Gair of a potential source of support within the party organisation. Hanlon died on 15 January 1952 and Gair, having been acting premier since the previous August, was elected by the ALP Caucus to succeed him on 17 January.

Premier of Queensland
Under Gair's premiership, reforms were carried out in worker's compensation, sick leave, and annual leave. Long-service leave was also introduced, while the government's price controls enabled workers in Queensland to enjoy the highest real wages (adjusted for prices) in Australia.

Gair came into conflict with Bukowski when the AWU in 1955 began making allegations that there was corruption in the process of granting and extending pastoral leases in the state. In July of that year, members of the AWU executive met Gair. According to an account they gave later, Gair promised them an inquiry, although Gair denied ever having promised any such thing. Bukowski publicly expressed a desire to appear before the Bar of Parliament to detail his allegations, in which he was supported by Frank Nicklin, then leader of the Opposition; but Gair defeated his motion in parliament.

In February 1956, Ian Wood, a Liberal Party Senator for Queensland, alleged that the government had demanded payments from pastoralists in order to ensure the extension of pastoral leases, and that these payments had been diverted to Labor Party funds. Gair immediately set up a royal commission, which resulted in the laying of criminal charges against Lands Minister Tom Foley. Foley was acquitted of the specific charges laid against him, but was found by the Royal Commission's report to be responsible for the improper solicitation of party donations, for which he was dismissed from cabinet and expelled from the Labor Party.

Gair discovered that the AWU had gained its information about the scandal from a senior public official, Vivian Creighton. Gair pressed for Creighton's resignation on the grounds of official misconduct. Creighton was summoned to appear before the Bar of Parliament to explain his actions but was later dismissed by cabinet. Gair easily won the elections of May 1956.

When the AWU uncharacteristically endorsed strike action by shearers, Gair raised the union movement's ire by negotiating with the federal government in order to secure the export of wool shorn by non-union labour. He was ultimately successful in a negotiated end to the strike, but the effect was to cement an unlikely anti-Gair alliance between the Queensland Trades and Labour Council (TLC) (represented by Boilermaker's Union secretary Jack Egerton) and the AWU.

Out of the several issues over which Gair and the union movement came into conflict, the most severe was the introduction of three weeks' paid leave to workers under state industrial awards. This had been part of the party's election platform since 1953. Gair announced in 1955 that although the state's finances did not permit the extension of annual leave, the government would extend entitlements to long service leave. This compromise was regarded as insufficient by both the TLC and the AWU, and in November they moved in the Queensland Branch's Central Executive that legislation introducing the leave be introduced by the parliamentary party. The majority of Gair's Cabinet refused to accept what it saw as direction from the Central Executive, and in February 1956, Bukowski and Egerton organised the numbers at the next Labor Party convention to vote in favour of a leave increase. After private discussions it was revealed that Gair would introduce the leave sometime over the course of the year. After the election, however, State Treasurer Ted Walsh revealed that Queensland's budget was in deficit and Gair claimed that extending leave would be financially irresponsible.

The parliamentary ALP found itself in deadlock with the organisational wing and the trade unions, with the TLC and the Central Executive maintaining pressure on Gair throughout early 1957. Gair still refused to budge, thinking that the executive would not dare to expel him. For its part, the QCE did not believe that Gair would take many of his caucus with him. The QCE finally expelled Gair on 24 April. He took a total of 25 defectors from the ALP Caucus with him, including all the Cabinet except Deputy Premier Jack Duggan, to form the Queensland Labor Party (QLP). Gair tried to gain Country Party support, but talks with Nicklin broke down when federal Country Party leader Arthur Fadden (who was himself a Queenslander) told Nicklin that he had a chance to become Premier himself. On 12 June, the ALP, now led by Duggan, voted to deny "supply" (that is, the money needed to govern) to what was left of the Gair government. The Country-Liberal Coalition moved to block supply as well and brought the government down.

An election was called for 3 August, in which both the QLP and the ALP lost ground. The two Labor factions won only 31 seats between them to the Coalition's 42. Gair was re-elected at South Brisbane as a QLP candidate. Nicklin became Premier and for the first time in 25 years and only the second time since 1915, a Labor Government was out of office in Queensland. The ALP would not return to power in Queensland until 1989.

Federal politics
Although he was no longer Premier, Gair continued to lead the QLP, which was reduced to 11 members after the 1957 election. However, he was defeated at South Brisbane at the 1960 state election. In 1962 the QLP merged with the Democratic Labor Party, which had previously been largely inactive in Queensland. Gair unsuccessfully contested the Senate election of 1961 for the DLP. In 1964 he was elected as a DLP Senator for Queensland.

He became the second former Queensland Premier after Anderson Dawson to be elected to Federal Parliament as a Queensland representative. Two other former Premiers Tom Ryan and Ted Theodore had also served in Federal Parliament but were elected as New South Wales representatives in the House of Representatives.

On his election to the Senate, Gair became the federal DLP's leader, a post he held until 1973. During his time in the Senate he advocated a strong defence and foreign policy based on anti-Communism. The DLP generally sought the middle ground on domestic issues. Gradually his anti-Communist views became outdated but he stubbornly refused to modify them in the face of developments like Richard Nixon's détente with China and Russia in the early 1970s.

The "Gair Affair"
Gair subsequently became disillusioned with the DLP's other senators, who forced him to resign as leader in October 1973. In 1974, when the Federal Labor government of Gough Whitlam was desperately attempting to gain a majority in the Senate, Whitlam tried to create an extra vacancy in Queensland for the upcoming Senate election so as to gain the ALP an increased chance of winning an extra Senate seat.

Whitlam approached Gair with the offer of the position of Ambassador to Ireland, which Gair accepted on 14 March. Whitlam intended to keep the appointment confidential until 2 April, when Gair would tender his resignation from his Senate seat retroactive to 20 March, when Dublin cabled its acceptance of Gair's appointment to Canberra. This would force the issuing of writs for the election of six Senators from Queensland, not five as would normally have been the case. Labor would have a realistic chance of winning three of those seats, and with it control of the Senate. Subsequently, when knowledge of the appointment became public on 2 April there was an outcry from the conservative parties. The then Queensland Premier Joh Bjelke-Petersen decided to thwart Whitlam by causing the issue of writs for the usual five Senate vacancies before Gair could resign.

In Canberra, a group of Country Party senators kept Gair occupied in their office, away from the President of the Senate Magnus Cormack (to whom he needed to give his resignation), drinking beer and eating prawns, until 6pm (the Commonwealth Electoral Act provided that writs would be deemed to have been issued at 6pm irrespective of the time that they were actually issued). At 6:05pm, the Queensland Cabinet met and advised the governor, Air Marshal Sir Colin Hannah, to issue writs for the election of five senators for Queensland, and the writs were issued at 11pm. As a result, Gair failed to resign his Senate position in time for there to be six vacancies instead of five, thus thwarting Whitlam's plan. This delaying tactic was later known as "the Night of the Long Prawns". Gair later claimed he was perfectly aware of why he was being feted by his colleagues, some of whom were former enemies. Gair's actions helped to precipitate a double dissolution. After the 18 May election, the ALP remained without control of the Senate. The 1974 election marked the electoral demise of the DLP, which lost all four of its remaining seats, largely as a backlash against Gair's actions.

Later life
Gair took up his post in Ireland. During his tenure, he got into numerous rows with the Irish Department of Foreign Affairs and other ambassadors. Several female staffers resigned to protest his frequently inappropriate (and often alcohol-induced) behaviour. He frequently criticised Opposition Leader Billy Snedden. After the Fraser government was confirmed to office at the 1975 election, Foreign Minister Andrew Peacock had Gair recalled on 21 January 1976, not for political reasons, but because he was unfit for diplomacy.

Death
Gair returned to Brisbane, and died on 11 November 1980, aged 79, on the fifth anniversary of the dismissal of the Whitlam government. He was given a state funeral and was buried in Nudgee Cemetery.

Memorials
Gair Park in Dutton Park, Brisbane, is named after Gair. The park is a triangular "garden of remembrance" with a Cenotaph, which originally opened on 25 April 1951.

title: Vince Gair


text:
List of communities in Manitoba

Communities in the Province of Manitoba, Canada include incorporated municipalities, unincorporated communities and First Nations communities.

Types of incorporated municipalities include urban municipalities, rural municipalities and local government districts. Urban municipalities can be named as cities, towns, villages or simply urban municipalities.

The administration of urban and rural municipalities is regulated by The Municipal Act. Some municipalities have since amalgamated, making this list inaccurate.

In the 2011 Census, Manitoba's communities combined for a total provincial population of 1,208,268.

Urban municipalities
Manitoba has 79 urban municipalities, which includes the sub-types of cities, towns and villages.

Cities
Manitoba has 10 cities.

Towns
Manitoba has 25 towns.

Villages
Manitoba has 2 villages. The second section of this table shows places that are no longer villages, but that were villages just before their reclassification in 2015 (or in some cases an earlier date).

Rural municipalities
Manitoba has 116 rural municipalities.

Local government districts
Manitoba has two local government districts.

Unincorporated communities

 * Alonsa
 * Angusville
 * Anola
 * Argyle
 * Ashern
 * Ashville
 * Aubigny
 * Austin
 * Badger
 * Bakers Narrows
 * Balaton Beach
 * Baldur
 * Bender
 * Bender Hamlet
 * Berlo
 * Birch River
 * Birds Hill
 * Blumenort
 * Breezy Point
 * Brereton Lake
 * Brochet
 * Brunkild
 * Bruxelles
 * Caliento
 * Camper
 * Camperville
 * Chater
 * Chortitz
 * Clearwater
 * Cottonwoods
 * Cormorant
 * Cranberry Portage
 * Cromer
 * Cross Lake
 * Cypress River
 * Dennis Lake
 * Domain
 * Dominion City
 * Douglas
 * Duck Bay
 * Dugald
 * Easterville
 * East Selkirk
 * Elie
 * Elgin
 * Elm Creek
 * Elma
 * Elphinstone
 * Eriksdale
 * Erinview
 * Falcon Lake
 * Fisher Branch
 * Fisherton
 * Forrest
 * Fort Alexander
 * Foxwarren
 * Fraserwood
 * Friedensfeld
 * Friedensfeld West
 * Friedensruh
 * Garden Hill
 * Gardenton
 * Garson
 * Gimli
 * Glass
 * Glenlea
 * Gods Lake Narrows
 * Gods River
 * Goose Creek
 * Gretna, Manitoba
 * Grand Marais
 * Grosse Isle
 * Grunthal
 * Gull Harbour
 * Gunton
 * Gypsumville
 * Hadashville
 * Hecla
 * Hecla Village
 * Hnausa
 * Hochfeld
 * Hodgson
 * Holland
 * Husavik
 * Île-des-Chênes
 * Ilford
 * Inwood
 * Isabella
 * Island Lake
 * Jackhead
 * Kemnay
 * Kenville
 * Kenton
 * Killarney
 * Kleefeld
 * Komarno
 * La Broquerie
 * La Riviere
 * Lac Brochet
 * Landmark
 * Lester Beach
 * Letellier
 * Libau
 * Lido Plage
 * Lilyfield
 * Little Grand Rapids
 * Lockport
 * Lorette
 * Lundar
 * Lundar Beach
 * MacGregor
 * Malonton
 * Marchand
 * Matlock
 * Meadow Lea
 * Meadows
 * Meleb
 * Miami
 * Miklavik
 * Moose Lake
 * Narcisse
 * Neelin
 * New Bothwell
 * Nelson House
 * Ninette
 * Norris Lake
 * Norway House
 * Oakbank
 * Oak Bluff
 * Oakburn
 * Oakville
 * Olha
 * Onanole
 * Oswald
 * Oxford House
 * Pierson
 * Pikwitonei
 * Piney
 * Pipestone
 * Prawda
 * Pukatawagan
 * Red Sucker Lake
 * Reinfeld
 * Rembrandt
 * Reston
 * Richer
 * Riding Mountain
 * River Hills
 * Roland
 * Rosser
 * Sandy Hook
 * Siglavik
 * Southport
 * St. Adolphe
 * St. Boniface
 * St. Georges
 * St. François Xavier
 * St. James
 * St. Jean Baptiste
 * St. Laurent
 * St. Malo
 * St. Martin Junction
 * St. Theresa Point
 * Sandy Bay
 * Sandy Lake
 * Sanford
 * Seven Sisters
 * Shamattawa
 * Sherridon
 * Shilo
 * Shoal Lake
 * Silver
 * South Indian Lake
 * South Junction
 * Sperling
 * Split Lake
 * Sprague
 * Sprucewoods
 * Starbuck
 * Steep Rock
 * Steep Rock Junction
 * Stony Mountain
 * Stuartburn
 * Sundance
 * Sundown
 * Tadoule Lake
 * Teulon
 * Treesbank
 * Tolstoi
 * Tyndall
 * Vassar
 * Vista
 * Vita
 * Waasagomach
 * Wabowden
 * Wanless
 * Warren
 * West St. Paul
 * Whitemouth
 * Winnipeg
 * Winnipeg Beach
 * Woodlands
 * Woodroyd
 * Whytewold
 * York Factory
 * York Landing
 * Zbaraz
 * Zhoda

Hamlets
Four unincorporated places in Manitoba are designated as hamlets.

 * Howden
 * Vogar
 * Waldersee
 * Wanless

Northern communities
Manitoba recognizes 57 unincorporated places as northern communities.

 * Aghaming
 * Baden
 * Barrows
 * Berens River
 * Big Black River
 * Bissett
 * Brochet

 * Camperville
 * Cormorant
 * Crane River
 * Cross Lake
 * Dallas
 * Dauphin River
 * Dawson Bay
 * Duck Bay
 * Fisher Bay
 * Fisher River
 * Gods Lake Narrows
 * Granville Lake
 * Harwill
 * Herb Lake Landing
 * Homebrook
 * Ilford
 * Island Lake
 * Little Bullhead
 * Little Grand Rapids
 * Long Body Creek
 * Loon Straits
 * Mallard
 * Manigotagan
 * Matheson Island
 * Meadow Portage
 * Moose Lake
 * National Mills
 * Nelson House
 * Norway House
 * Oxford House
 * Pelican Rapids
 * Pikwitonei
 * Pine Dock
 * Poplarville
 * Powell
 * Princess Harbour
 * Red Deer Lake
 * Red Rose
 * Red Sucker Lake
 * Rock Ridge
 * Salt Point
 * Seymourville
 * Sherridon
 * South Indian Lake
 * Spence Lake
 * St. Theresa Point
 * Thicket Portage
 * Wabowden
 * Warren Landing
 * Waterhen
 * Westgate

Settlements
Manitoba recognizes 12 unincorporated places as settlements.

 * Big Eddy
 * Grande Pointe
 * Manigotagan
 * Manitoba House
 * Norway House
 * Oak Island
 * Oak Point
 * Pasquia
 * Pine Creek
 * Rat River
 * St. Malo
 * Westbourne

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: List of communities in Manitoba


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USS Indiana

Four ships of the United States Navy have been named USS Indiana in honor of the 19th state.

 * USS Indiana (BB-1), was a battleship commissioned in 1895 that saw action in the Spanish–American War
 * USS Indiana (BB-50), was a battleship under construction but canceled by the Washington Naval Treaty in 1924
 * USS Indiana (BB-58), was a battleship commissioned in 1942 that saw action during World War II
 * USS Indiana (SSN-789), is a Virginia-class submarine launched on 9 June 2017

title: USS Indiana


text:
USS Indiana (BB-1)

USS Indiana was the lead ship of her class and the first battleship in the United States Navy comparable to foreign battleships of the time. Authorized in 1890 and commissioned five years later, she was a small battleship, though with heavy armor and ordnance. The ship also pioneered the use of an intermediate battery. She was designed for coastal defense and as a result, her decks were not safe from high waves on the open ocean.

Indiana served in the Spanish–American War (1898) as part of the North Atlantic Squadron. She took part in both the blockade of Santiago de Cuba and the Battle of Santiago de Cuba, which occurred when the Spanish fleet attempted to break through the blockade. Although unable to join the chase of the escaping Spanish cruisers, she was partly responsible for the destruction of the Spanish destroyers Plutón and Furor. After the war, she quickly became obsolete—despite several modernizations—and spent most of her time in commission as a training ship or in the reserve fleet, with her last commission during World War I as a training ship for gun crews. She was decommissioned for the third and final time in January 1919 and was shortly after reclassified Coast Battleship Number 1 so that the name Indiana could be reused. She was sunk in shallow water as a target in aerial bombing tests in 1920, and her hull was sold for scrap in 1924.

Design
Indiana was constructed from a modified version of a design drawn up by a US Navy policy board in 1889 for a short-range battleship. The original design was part of an ambitious naval construction plan to build 33 battleships and 167 smaller ships. The United States Congress saw the plan as an attempt to end the U.S. policy of isolationism and did not approve it, but a year later, the United States House of Representatives approved funding for three coast defense battleships, which would become Indiana and her sister ships USS Massachusetts (BB-2) and USS Oregon (BB-3). The "coast defense" designation was reflected in Indiana's moderate endurance, relatively small displacement and low freeboard, which limited seagoing capability. The ships proved to be disappointments in service, as they were badly overweight upon completion, their low freeboard hampered operations at sea, and they handled poorly. Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships describes her design as "attempting too much on a very limited displacement." They were nevertheless the first modern battleships for the American fleet.

Indiana was 351 ft long overall and had a beam of 69 ft and a draft of 24 ft. She displaced 10288 LT as designed and up to 11688 LT at full load. The ship was powered by two-shaft triple-expansion steam engines rated at 9000 ihp and four coal-fired fire-tube boilers, generating a top speed of 15 kn. She had a cruising radius of 5640 nmi at a speed of 10 kn. As built, she was fitted with a heavy military mast, which was later supplemented by a stern cage mast in 1910–1911. She had a crew of 32 officers and 441 enlisted men, which increased to a total of 586–636 officers and enlisted.

The ship was armed with a main battery of four 13 in /35 caliber guns in two twin gun turrets on the centerline, one forward and aft. The secondary battery consisted of eight 8 in /35 cal. guns, which were placed in four twin wing turrets. These were supported by a battery of six 6 in /40 cal. guns in a casemate battery amidships. For close-range defense against torpedo boats, she carried twenty 6-pounder guns and six 1-pounder guns in individual mounts. As was standard for capital ships of the period, Indiana carried 18 in torpedo tubes in above-water mounts, though the number is unclear. According to Conway's, she was fitted with six tubes, though the naval historian Norman Friedman states she was ordered with seven but completed with five.

Indiana's main armored belt was 18 in thick over the magazines and the machinery spaces and was reduced to 4 in at the bow and stern. The main battery gun turrets had 17 in thick sides, and the supporting barbettes had the same thickness of armor plate on their exposed sides. The 8 in turrets had 6 in of armor plating, and the casemate battery had 5 in. The conning tower had 10 in thick sides.

Construction and early career

Construction of the ships was authorized on 30 June 1890, and the contract for Indiana—not including guns and armor—was awarded to William Cramp & Sons in Philadelphia, who offered to build it for $3,020,000. The ship's total cost was almost twice as high, approximately $6,000,000. The contract specified the ship had to be built in three years, but slow delivery of armor plates caused a two-year delay. Indiana's keel was laid down on 7 May 1891 and she was launched on 28 February 1893, attended by around 10,000 people, including President Benjamin Harrison, several members of his cabinet and the two senators from Indiana. During her fitting-out in early March 1894, the ship undertook a preliminary sea trial to test her speed and machinery. At this point, her side armor, guns, turrets, and conning tower had not yet been fitted, and her official trials would not take place until October 1895 due to the delays in armor deliveries.

Indiana was commissioned on 20 November 1895 under the command of Captain Robley D. Evans. After further trials, the ship joined the North Atlantic Squadron under the command of Rear Admiral Francis M. Bunce, which conducted training exercises along the East Coast of the United States. In late 1896, both main turrets broke loose from their clamps in heavy seas. Because the turrets were not centrally balanced, they swung from side to side with the ship's motion, until they were secured with heavy ropes. Heavier clamps were installed, but in February 1896, while conducting fleet maneuvers with the North Atlantic squadron, the Indiana encountered more bad weather and started rolling heavily. Her new captain, Henry Clay Taylor, promptly ordered her back to port for fear the clamps would break again. This convinced the navy that bilge keels—omitted during construction because, with them, the ship could not fit in most American dry docks—were necessary to reduce the rolling, and they were installed on all three ships of the Indiana-class.

Spanish–American War

At the outbreak of the Spanish–American War in April 1898, Indiana was at Key West with the rest of the North Atlantic Squadron, at the time commanded by Rear Admiral William T. Sampson. His squadron was ordered to the Spanish port of San Juan in an attempt to intercept and destroy Admiral Cervera's Spanish squadron, which was en route to the Caribbean from Spain. The harbor was empty, but Indiana and the rest of the squadron bombarded it for two hours on 12 May 1898 before realizing their mistake. The squadron returned to Key West, where news arrived three weeks later that Commodore Schley's Flying Squadron had found Cervera and was now blockading him in the port of Santiago de Cuba. Sampson reinforced Schley on 1 June and assumed overall command.

In an attempt to break the stalemate, it was decided to attack Santiago from land. A transport convoy was assembled in Key West, and Indiana was sent back to lead it. The expeditionary force, under the command of Major General William Rufus Shafter, landed east of the city and attacked it on 1 July. Cervera saw that his situation was desperate and attempted to break through the blockade on 3 July 1898, resulting in the battle of Santiago de Cuba. The cruisers USS New Orleans (CL-22) and USS Newark (C-1) and battleship Massachusetts had left the day before to load coal in Guantanamo Bay. Admiral Sampson's flagship, the cruiser USS New York (ACR-2), had also sailed east earlier that morning for a meeting with General Shafter, leaving Commodore Schley in command. This left the blockade weakened and unbalanced on the day of the battle, as three modern battleships (Indiana, Oregon and USS Iowa (BB-4)) and the armed yacht USS Gloucester (1891) guarded the east, while the west was only defended by the second-class battleship USS Texas (1892), cruiser USS Brooklyn (CA-3) and armed yacht USS Vixen (PY-4).

Occupying the extreme eastern position of the blockade, Indiana fired at the cruisers Infanta María Teresa and Almirante Oquendo as they left the harbor, but, due to engine problems, was unable to keep up with the Spanish cruisers as they fled to the west. When the Spanish destroyers Plutón and Furor emerged, Indiana was near the harbor entrance and, together with Iowa, she supported the armed yacht Gloucester in the destruction of the lightly armored enemy ships. She was then ordered to keep up the blockade of the harbor in case more Spanish ships came out and so played no role in the chase and sinking of the two remaining Spanish cruisers, Vizcaya and Cristóbal Colón.

Post Spanish–American War

After the war, Indiana returned to training exercises with the North Atlantic Squadron. In May 1900, she and Massachusetts were placed in reserve as the navy had an acute officer shortage and needed to put the new Kearsarge-class battleship and Illinois-class battleship into commission. The battleships were reactivated the following month as an experiment in how quickly this could be achieved, but Indiana was placed in the reserve fleet again that winter. In March 1901, it was decided to use her that summer for a midshipman practice cruise, and this would be her regular summer job for the next few years, while the rest of the time she would serve as a training ship. During her time as a training vessel, her crew beat the 1903 world record with eight-inch guns, four bullseyes with four shots. She was decommissioned on 29 December 1903 to be overhauled and modernized. The obsolete battleship received several upgrades: new Babcock & Wilcox boilers, counterweights to balance her main turrets, and electric traversing mechanisms for her turrets. She was recommissioned on 9 January 1906 and manned by the former crew of her sister ship Massachusetts, including Captain Edward D. Taussig, commanding. Massachusetts had been decommissioned the day before to receive similar modernization.

During her second commission, Indiana spent most of her time laid up in the reserve fleet, occasionally participating in practice cruises. In January 1907, she helped provide relief in the aftermath of the 1907 Kingston earthquake. In 1908, the 6 in/40 caliber guns and most of the lighter guns were removed to compensate for the counterweights added to the main battery turrets and because the ammunition supply for the guns was considered problematic. A year later, twelve 3 in/50 caliber single-purpose guns were added midships and in the fighting tops. At the same time, a cage mast was added. In early 1910, she was fitted with an experimental Lacoste speed brake, which would be deployed from the side of the hull to act as an emergency brake; the trials were inconclusive. By 1913 it was speculated that the ship might soon be used for target practice, but instead, the ship was decommissioned on 23 May 1914. After the United States entered World War I, Indiana was commissioned for the third time and served as a training ship for gun crews near Tompkinsville, Staten Island, and in the York River, and placed under the command of George Landenberger.

On 31 January 1919, she was decommissioned for the final time, and two months later, she was renamed Coast Battleship Number 1 so that the name Indiana could be assigned to the newly authorized—but never completed—battleship USS Indiana (BB-50). The old battleship was brought to shallow waters in the Chesapeake Bay near the wreck of the target ship USS San Marcos (1911) (ex-Battleship Texas). Here she was subjected to aerial bombing tests conducted by the navy. She was hit with dummy bombs from aircraft, and explosive charges were set off at the positions where the bombs hit. The tests were a response to claims from Billy Mitchell—at the time assistant to Chief of Air Service Charles T. Menoher—who stated to Congress that the Air Service could sink any battleship. The conclusions drawn by the navy from the experiments conducted on Indiana were very different, as Captain William D. Leahy stated in his report: "The entire experiment pointed to the improbability of a modern battleship being either destroyed or completely put out of action by aerial bombs." The subject remained a matter of dispute between Mitchell and the Navy, and several more bombing tests were conducted with other decommissioned battleships, culminating in the sinking of SMS Ostfriesland. Despite the navy's conclusions, Indiana sank during the test and settled in the shallow water, where she remained until her wreck was sold for scrap on 19 March 1924. When the US Navy adopted hull numbers in 1920, Indiana was retroactively assigned the number "BB-1".

title: USS Indiana (BB-1)


text:
List of communities in Saskatchewan

Communities in the Province of Saskatchewan, Canada include incorporated municipalities, unincorporated communities and First Nations communities.

Types of incorporated municipalities include urban municipalities, rural municipalities and northern municipalities. Urban municipalities are further classified into four sub-types – cities, towns, villages and resort villages. Northern municipalities, which are located in the Northern Saskatchewan Administration District (NSAD), are further classified into three sub-types – northern towns, northern villages and northern hamlets. Rural municipalities are not classified into sub-types.

Types of unincorporated communities include hamlets and organized hamlets within rural municipalities and northern settlements within the NSAD.

The administration of rural municipalities, towns, villages, resort villages, organized hamlets and hamlets is regulated by The Municipalities Act, while the administration of cities is regulated by The Cities Act. Administration of northern towns, northern villages, northern hamlets and northern settlements (those within the NSAD) is regulated by The Northern Municipalities Act.

In the 2021 Census, Saskatchewan's communities combined for a total provincial population of 1,132,505.

Municipalities
Saskatchewan presently has 786 municipalities of various types (urban, rural and northern municipalities) and sub-types (cities, towns, villages, resort villages, northern towns, northern villages and northern hamlets).

Urban municipalities
Saskatchewan has 466 urban municipalities, which includes the sub-types of cities, towns, villages and resort villages.

Cities
In Saskatchewan, towns must have a population above 5,000 in order to be granted city status. A city does not automatically revert to town status if the population drops below 5,000; this only occurs if the city council requests it, the majority of electors vote to revert to town status or the appropriate provincial minister is of the opinion that the reversion to town status is in the public interest. The city of Melville retains city status as of 2010 despite dropping below 5,000 population in the 1990s.

Saskatchewan has 16 cities, including Lloydminster and not including Flin Flon.

Towns
In Saskatchewan, towns are formed from villages or resort villages with a population of at least 500 people. The council of the village or resort village must request the change to town status. When a town's population exceeds 5,000 people, the council may request a change to city status, but the change in incorporation level is not mandatory. Towns with shrinking populations are allowed to retain town status even if the number of residents falls below the 500 limit. For example, the towns of Fleming, Francis, and Scott have populations that have dropped under 500 people and are still qualified under town status. Towns with populations below the limit may, however, revert to village or resort village status if the town council requests it.

Saskatchewan has 146 towns.

Villages
The people of an organized hamlet may request that the hamlet be incorporated as a village or resort village. In order to qualify, the hamlet must have been an organized hamlet for at least 3 years, have a population of at least 100 in the most recent census, and contain at least 50 separate dwelling units or business premises.

Saskatchewan has 260 villages.

Resort villages
Saskatchewan has 40 resort villages.

Rural municipalities

A rural municipality is created by the Minister of Municipal Affairs by ministerial order via section 49 of The Municipalities Act. Saskatchewan has 296 rural municipalities, which are located in the central and southern portions of the province.

Saskatchewan has 296 rural municipalities.

Northern municipalities
Saskatchewan has 24 northern municipalities, which includes the sub-types of northern towns, northern villages and northern hamlets.

Northern towns
A northern town is a town in the Northern Saskatchewan Administration District. Its administration is regulated by The Northern Municipalities Act. A northern village may apply for town status when the actual resident population is at least 500.

Saskatchewan has two northern towns.

Northern villages
A northern village is located in the Northern Saskatchewan Administration District, and its administration is regulated by The Northern Municipalities Act. A northern hamlet may apply for northern village status when the population is at least 100 and the northern hamlet contains at least 50 separate dwelling units or business premises.

Saskatchewan has 11 northern villages.

Northern hamlets
A northern hamlet is located in the Northern Saskatchewan Administration District, and its administration is regulated by The Northern Municipalities Act. A northern settlement may apply for northern hamlet status when the population is at least 50 and the northern settlement contains at least 25 separate dwelling units or business premises. Unlike hamlets and northern settlements, northern hamlets are municipal corporations.

Saskatchewan has 11 northern hamlets.

Unincorporated hamlets
In Saskatchewan, a hamlet is an unincorporated community that is under the jurisdiction of a rural municipality. It has at least five occupied dwellings situated on separate lots and at least 10 separate lots, the majority of which are an average size of less than one acre.

The Government of Saskatchewan recognizes three different types of hamlets – generic "hamlets", "special service areas" and "organized hamlets". Some organized hamlets in Saskatchewan are recognized as designated places by Statistics Canada, while unorganized hamlets are not.

Hamlets
Generic hamlets in Saskatchewan are under the jurisdiction of a rural municipality and do not have any decision-making powers or independent authorities.

The following are hamlets that are neither special service areas nor organized hamlets. Alticane

Anglin Lake

Ardath

Ardill

Ardwick

Arelee

Armley

Armour Siding

Avonhurst

Baildon

Baldwinton

Baljennie

Bapaume

Baring

Barthel

Bateman

Batoche

Battrum

Beacon Hill

Beadle

Beaufield (originally named Ednaburg)

Bechard

Benito Beach

Benson

Berth

Bertwell

Besant

Beverley

Big Shell

Birch Lake

Bird's Point

Birmingham

Birsay

Blackstrap

Blucher

Blumenheim

Blumenhof

Blumenort

Bodmin

Boharm

Bounty

Brada

Bremen

Bresaylor

Bridgeford

Broadacres

Bromhead

Brooksby

Browning

Buffalo Gap

Burr

Burrows

Bushell Park

Cactus Lake

Canora Beach

Cardross

Carlea

Carlton

Cedoux

Chamakese

Chitek

Chorney Beach

Chortitz

Clair

Clemenceau

Colfax

Coop

Coothill

Copper Sands

Corinne

Cory

Courval

Crane Valley

Crane

Crooked River

Crystal Beach

Danbury

D'Arcy

Davis

Divide

Dollard

Donavon (Birdview)

Duperow (Lydden)

Duvco

Edenburg

Eldersley

Emma Lake

Endeavour (Annette)

England

Espeseth Cove (Pelican Shores)

Expanse (former name of Lake Johnston)

Ferguson Bay

Fertile

Fielding

Fife Lake

Fir Mountain

Flintoft

Floral

Forgan

Foxford

Fulda

Furness

Girvin

Glenbain (Glen Bain)

Grandora

Grasswood

Grenfell Beach

Griffin

Guise Beach

Handel

Harptree

Herschel

Hochstadt

Hoosier

Howe Bay

Inchkeith

Indian Point

Insinger

Instow

Isham

Jackfish Lake

Jan Lake

Jasmin

Jedburgh

Kayville

KC Beach

Kedleston Beach

Keeley Lake

Kinookimaw

Kuroki Beach

Lac La Peche

Lac La Plonge

Lady Lake

Langbank

Laporte

Laura

Leacross

Liebenthal

Lipp's Beach

Little Amyot Lake

Loch Leven

Lorlie

Main Centre

Mantario

McGee

McIntosh Point

Meyronne

Mikado

Mont Nebo

Moose Range

Mount Carmel (Grosse Butte)

Murray Point

Neidpath

Neis Beach

Nelson Beach

Nemeiben Lake

Northgate

Okema Beach

Onion Lake

Oungre

Parkbeg

Parkerview (Crowtherview)

Penzance

Percival

Piapot

Red Deer Hill (originally named Aaskana)

Redwing

Reward

Robsart

St. Front

Schantzenfeld

Schoenfeld

Serath

Shipman

Simmie

Somme

Sonningdale

South Fork

Sovereign

Spring Valley

Springfeld

Spruce Home

St. Denis

Stalwart

Steelman

Stony Beach

Stranraer

Swanson

Tarnopol

Truax

Uren

Vantage

Veregin

Viceroy

West Bend

Wroxton

Xena

Zehner

Zeneta

Special service areas
Like a generic hamlet, a special service area is under the jurisdiction of a rural municipality and does not have any decision-making powers or independent authorities. Unlike a generic hamlet, a special service area may form its own electoral division within the rural municipality and may have a different tax regime within the rural municipality compared to a generic hamlet.

Organized hamlets
Saskatchewan has 151 organized hamlets that are established via ministerial order and under the jurisdiction of rural municipalities within southern and central Saskatchewan. The people in a hamlet may apply for organized hamlet status within the rural municipality in which the hamlet is located. The minimum requirements for organize status include a permanent population of at least 80 residents, 40 separate dwelling units or places of business, a taxable assessment of at least $4 million, and any other factor the minister may consider appropriate.

Northern settlements
A northern settlement is an unincorporated community in the Northern Saskatchewan Administration District, and its administration is regulated by The Northern Municipalities Act.

Saskatchewan has 11 northern settlements.

Ghost towns
A ghost town is a town that once had a considerable population, that has since dwindled in numbers causing some or all of its businesses and services to close, either due to the rerouting of a highway, railway tracks being pulled, or exhaustion of some natural resource.

title: List of communities in Saskatchewan


text:
List of unincorporated communities in Newfoundland and Labrador

This article lists unincorporated communities of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.

Incorporated towns and cities are incorporated municipalities and can be found on List of municipalities in Newfoundland and Labrador.

Newfoundland and Labrador at Confederation in 1949 had nearly 1,450 communities. Today it has fewer than 700. A listing of abandoned communities is found at the List of ghost towns in Newfoundland and Labrador.

A

 * Aaron Arm, Burgeo (Newfoundland)
 * Allan's Island, Lamaline (Newfoundland)
 * Amherst Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Angels Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Angelbrook, Glovertown (Newfoundland)
 * Apsey Beach (Newfoundland)
 * Apsey Brook (Newfoundland)
 * Arnold's Cove Station (Newfoundland)
 * Aspen Cove (Newfoundland)

B

 * Back Cove, Fogo (Newfoundland)
 * Back Harbour, Twillingate (Newfoundland)
 * Bacon Cove, Conception Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Badger's Quay, New-Wes-Valley (Newfoundland)
 * Bailey's Cove, Bonavista (Newfoundland)
 * Bailey's Point, Glenburnie-Birchy Head-Shoal Brook (Newfoundland)
 * Ballyhack, Avondale (Newfoundland)
 * Bank Head (Newfoundland)
 * Bannatyne Cove, Corner Brook (Newfoundland)
 * Barachois Brook (Newfoundland)
 * Barr'd Islands, Fogo (Newfoundland)
 * Bareneed (Newfoundland)
 * Barr'd Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Bartletts Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Barton (Newfoundland)
 * Bauline East (Newfoundland)
 * Bayview, Twillingate (Newfoundland)
 * Beaches (Newfoundland)
 * Beachy Cove, Bay Roberts (Newfoundland)
 * Beau Bois (Newfoundland)
 * Beaumont, Lushes Bight-Beaumont-Beaumont North (Newfoundland)
 * Bellevue (Newfoundland)
 * Benoits Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Benoits Siding (Newfoundland)
 * Benton (Newfoundland)
 * Birchy Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Biscay Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Black Duck (Newfoundland)
 * Black Duck Brook (Newfoundland)
 * Black Duck Cove, Great Northern Peninsula (Newfoundland)
 * Black Duck Cove, Notre Dame Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Black Duck Pond (Newfoundland)
 * Black River (Newfoundland)
 * Black Tickle (Labrador)
 * Blaketown (Newfoundland)
 * Bloomfield (Newfoundland)
 * Blow Me Down, Conception Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Blue Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Bickfordville
 * Boat Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Bobby's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Boswarlos (Newfoundland)
 * Bottle Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Boxey, St. Jacques-Coomb's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Boyd's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Bradley's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Bridgeport (Newfoundland)
 * Brig Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Brigus Junction (Newfoundland)
 * Brigus South (Newfoundland)
 * Bristol's Hope (Newfoundland)
 * Britannia (Newfoundland)
 * Broad Cove, Trinity Bay (Newfoundland)
 * The Broads, South River (Newfoundland)
 * Brookfield (Newfoundland)
 * Brooklyn (Newfoundland)
 * Brookside (Newfoundland)
 * Brown's Arm (Newfoundland)
 * Buchans Junction (Newfoundland)
 * Buckle's Point, Forteau (Newfoundland)
 * Bunyan's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Burgoyne's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Burnt Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Burnt Point (Newfoundland)
 * Butlerville, Bay Roberts (Newfoundland)
 * Butter Cove (Newfoundland)

C

 * Calvert (Newfoundland)
 * Canning's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Cape Freels (Newfoundland)
 * Cape Norman (Newfoundland
 * Cape Ray (Newfoundland)
 * Caplin Cove, Conception Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Cappahayden, Renews-Cappahayden (Newfoundland)
 * Capstan Island (Labrador)
 * Carter's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Cartyville (Newfoundland)
 * Castor River North (Newfoundland)
 * Catalina, Trinity Bay North (Newfoundland)
 * Cavendish (Newfoundland)
 * Chamberlains, Conception Bay South (Newfoundland)
 * Champneys (Newfoundland)
 * Chanceport (Newfoundland)
 * Chapel's Cove, Harbour Main-Chapel's Cove-Lakeview (Newfoundland)
 * Charles Brook (Newfoundland)
 * Charleston (Newfoundland)
 * Charlottetown (Newfoundland)
 * Churchill Falls (Labrador)
 * Clarke's Head (Newfoundland)
 * Cobb's Arm (Newfoundland)
 * Codroy (Newfoundland)
 * Coffee Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Coley's Point, Bay Roberts (Newfoundland)
 * Comfort Cove, Comfort Cove-Newstead (Newfoundland)
 * Cottrell's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Croque (Newfoundland)
 * Cull's Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Cupids Crossing, Cupids (Newfoundland)
 * Curling, Corner Brook (Newfoundland)
 * Cuslett (Newfoundland)

D

 * Dawson's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Deadman's Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Deadman's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Deep Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Deep Bight (Newfoundland)
 * Dildo (Newfoundland)
 * The Dock (Newfoundland)
 * Domino (Labrador)
 * Donovans, Paradise (Newfoundland)
 * Doting Cove, Musgrave Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * The Droke, Burin (Newfoundland)
 * Dunfield (Newfoundland)
 * Dunville, Placentia (Newfoundland)
 * Durrell, Twillingate (Newfoundland)

E

 * Eddies Cove East (Newfoundland)
 * Eddies Cove West (Newfoundland)
 * Elliott's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * English Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * English Harbour West, St. Jacques-Coomb's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Epworth (Newfoundland)

F

 * Fair Haven (Newfoundland)
 * Fairbanks (Newfoundland)
 * Felix Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Flat Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Flat Bay West (Newfoundland)
 * Fogo (Fogo Island, Newfoundland)
 * Forrester's Point (Newfoundland)
 * Fortune Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Fox Island, Hermitage Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Fox Island River (Newfoundland)
 * Fox Roost (Newfoundland)
 * Foxtrap (Conception Bay South, Newfoundland)
 * Francois (Newfoundland)
 * Frederickton (Newfoundland)
 * Frenchman's Cove (Humber Arm South, Newfoundland)
 * Freshwater, Bell Island (Newfoundland)
 * Freshwater, Conception Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Freshwater, Placentia Bay (Placentia, Newfoundland)

G

 * Gander Bay South (Newfoundland)
 * Garden Cove (Newfoundland)
 * George's Brook (George's Brook-Milton, Newfoundland)
 * George's Cove (Labrador)
 * Georgetown (Newfoundland)
 * Gin Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Goobies (Newfoundland)
 * Goose Cove, Hare Bay (Goose Cove East, Newfoundland)
 * Goose Cove, Placentia Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Goose Cove, Trinity Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Gooseberry Cove, Placentia Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Gooseberry Cove, Trinity Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Goulds (St. John's, Newfoundland)
 * Goulds Road (Newfoundland)
 * Grand Bay West (Newfoundland)
 * Grand Beach (Newfoundland)
 * Grandois (Newfoundland)
 * Grand Falls (Grand Falls-Windsor, Newfoundland)
 * Grates Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Great Barasway (Newfoundland)
 * Great Brehat (Newfoundland)
 * Great Codroy (Newfoundland)
 * Green Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Green Island Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Green Point (Newfoundland)
 * Green's Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Grey River (Newfoundland)
 * Gull Island (Newfoundland)

H

 * Halfway Point, Humber Arm South (Newfoundland)
 * Halls Town, North River (Newfoundland)
 * Hamilton River, Happy Valley-Goose Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Harbour Grace South (Newfoundland)
 * Harbour le Cou (Newfoundland)
 * Harbour Mille (Newfoundland)
 * Harbour Round (Newfoundland)
 * Harcourt (Newfoundland)
 * Harry's Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Hatchet Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Heart's Delight (Newfoundland)
 * Heatherton (Newfoundland)
 * Henley Harbour (Labrador)
 * Herring Neck (Newfoundland)
 * Hibb's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Hickman's Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Highlands (Newfoundland)
 * Hillgrade (Newfoundland)
 * Hillview (Newfoundland)
 * Hiscock's Point (Newfoundland)
 * Hodge's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Hoop Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Hopeall (Newfoundland)
 * Hopewell (Newfoundland)
 * Horwood (Newfoundland)

I

 * Indian Arm (Newfoundland)
 * Indian Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Indian Pond (Newfoundland)
 * Indian Tickle (Labrador)
 * Island Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Island Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Islington (Newfoundland)
 * Ivanhoe (Newfoundland)
 * Ivany's Cove (Newfoundland)

J

 * Jacques Fontaine (Newfoundland)
 * Jamestown (Newfoundland)
 * Jean de Baie (Newfoundland)
 * Jeffrey's (Newfoundland)
 * Jerry's Nose (Newfoundland)
 * Jersey Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Jerseyside (Placentia, Newfoundland)
 * Job's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Journois (Newfoundland)

K

 * Kelligrews (Newfoundland)
 * Kerley's Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Kettle Cove (Newfoundland)
 * The Keys (Newfoundland)
 * Kilbride (Newfoundland)
 * Kingston (Newfoundland)
 * Kingwell (Newfoundland)
 * Kitchuses (Newfoundland)
 * Knight's Cove (Newfoundland)

L

 * La Manche (Newfoundland)
 * La Manche Mines (Newfoundland)
 * La Poile (Newfoundland)
 * Ladle Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Lady Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Lake Siding (Newfoundland)
 * Lally Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Lancaster (Newfoundland)
 * Lance Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Langue de Cerf (Newfoundland)
 * L'Anse Amour (Labrador)
 * L'Anse aux Meadows (Newfoundland)
 * Laurenceton (Newfoundland)
 * Lead Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Lethbridge (Newfoundland)
 * Little Barasway (Newfoundland)
 * Little Catalina, Trinity Bay North (Newfoundland)
 * Little Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Little Harbour Deep (Newfoundland)
 * Little Harbour East (Newfoundland)
 * Little Heart's Ease (Newfoundland)
 * Little Paradise (Newfoundland)
 * Little Port (Newfoundland)
 * Little Rapids (Newfoundland)
 * Little Ridge (Newfoundland)
 * Little St. Lawrence (Newfoundland)
 * Lobster Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Lobster Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Loch Leven (Newfoundland)
 * Loch Lomond (Newfoundland)
 * Lockport (Newfoundland)
 * Locks Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Lockston (Newfoundland)
 * Lomond (Newfoundland)
 * Long Beach (Newfoundland)
 * Loon Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Low Point (Newfoundland)
 * Lower Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Lower Island Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Lower Lance Cove (Newfoundland)

M

 * McCallum (Newfoundland)
 * McKay's (Newfoundland)
 * Maberly (Newfoundland)
 * Maddox Cove (Petty Harbour-Maddox Cove, Newfoundland)
 * Mahers (Newfoundland)
 * Main Point (Newfoundland)
 * Mainland (Newfoundland)
 * Makinsons (Newfoundland)
 * Mall Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Manuels (Newfoundland)
 * Manuel's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Margaree (Newfoundland)
 * Markland (Newfoundland)
 * Marysvale (Newfoundland)
 * Matthews Cove (Labrador)
 * Mattis Point (Newfoundland)
 * Melrose (Newfoundland)
 * Merritt's Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Michael's Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Middle Amherst Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Middle Arm, White Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Midland (Newfoundland)
 * Mill Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Miller's Passage (Newfoundland)
 * Millertown Junction (Newfoundland)
 * Millville (Newfoundland)
 * Milton (Newfoundland)
 * Mint Brook (Newfoundland)
 * Mobile (Newfoundland)
 * Molliers (Newfoundland)
 * Monkstown (Newfoundland)
 * Monroe (Newfoundland)
 * Moore's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Moreton's Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Morley's Siding (Newfoundland)
 * The Motion (Newfoundland)
 * Mud Lake (Labrador)
 * Muddy Bay (Labrador)
 * Muddy Brook (Newfoundland)
 * Muddy Hole (Newfoundland)
 * Mulligan (Labrador)
 * Murray's Harbour (Labrador)

N

 * Natuashish (Labrador)
 * The Neck (Newfoundland)
 * New Bonaventure (Newfoundland)
 * New Bridge (Newfoundland)
 * New Chelsea (Newfoundland)
 * New Ferolle (Newfoundland)
 * New Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * New Melbourne (Newfoundland)
 * Newman's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Newport (Newfoundland)
 * Newtown (Newfoundland)
 * Newville (Newfoundland)
 * Noddy Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Noggin Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Norman's Bay (Labrador)
 * Norris Arm (Newfoundland)
 * Norris Arm North (Newfoundland)
 * North Branch (Newfoundland)
 * North Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * North West Arm (Newfoundland)
 * North West Brook (Newfoundland)
 * Northern Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Noel's Pond (Newfoundland)

O

 * Ochre Pit Cove (Newfoundland)
 * O'Donnells (Newfoundland)
 * Old Bonaventure (Newfoundland)
 * Old Shop (Newfoundland)
 * Open Hall (Newfoundland)
 * O'Regan's (Newfoundland)
 * Osmond (Newfoundland)
 * Otterbury (Newfoundland)

P

 * Parsons Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Pass Island (Newfoundland)
 * Patrick's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Perry's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Petite Forte (Newfoundland)
 * Petites (Newfoundland)
 * Petley (Newfoundland)
 * Philips Head (Newfoundland)
 * Piccadilly (Newfoundland)
 * Piccaire (Newfoundland)
 * Pigeon Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Pikes Arm (Newfoundland)
 * Pinchard's Island (Newfoundland)
 * Pines Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Pinsent's Arm (Newfoundland)
 * Plate Cove East (Newfoundland)
 * Plate Cove West (Newfoundland)
 * Pleasantville (Newfoundland)
 * Plum Point (Newfoundland)
 * Point au Mal (Newfoundland)
 * Point Enragée (Newfoundland)
 * Point La Haye (Newfoundland)
 * Point Verde (Newfoundland)
 * Pollards Point (Newfoundland)
 * Pond Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Port Albert (Newfoundland)
 * Port Anne (Newfoundland)
 * Port au Bras (Newfoundland)
 * Port aux Basques, Channel-Port aux Basques (Newfoundland)
 * Port de Grave (Newfoundland)
 * Port Union, Trinity Bay North (Newfoundland)
 * Portland (Newfoundland)
 * Portland Creek (Newfoundland)
 * Portugal Cove South (Newfoundland)
 * Presque (Newfoundland)
 * Princeton (Newfoundland)
 * Pumbley Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Purbeck's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Purcell's Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Pynn's Brook (Newfoundland)

Q

 * Queen's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Quidi Vidi, St. John's (Newfoundland)
 * Quirpon (Newfoundland)

R

 * Ragged Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Random Island (Newfoundland)
 * Rantem (Newfoundland)
 * Rattling Brook (Newfoundland)
 * Red Brook (Newfoundland)
 * Red Cliff (Newfoundland)
 * Red Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Red Head Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Reef's Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Renews, Renews-Cappahayden (Newfoundland)
 * Richard's Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Rider's Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Roaches Line (Newfoundland)
 * Robinsons (Newfoundland)
 * Robinsons Bight (Newfoundland)
 * Rock Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Rodgers Cove (Newfoundland)
 * The Rooms (Newfoundland)
 * Round Harbour, Fogo Island (Newfoundland)
 * Round Harbour, Fortune Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Round Harbour, Baie Verte (Newfoundland)
 * Round Harbour, Bonavista (Newfoundland)
 * Roundabout (Newfoundland)
 * Russells Cove (Newfoundland)

S

 * Saddle Island (Newfoundland)
 * Safe Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Sagona (Newfoundland)
 * Sailor's Island (Newfoundland)
 * St. Andrew's (Newfoundland)
 * St. Anne's (Newfoundland)
 * St. Anthony Bight (Newfoundland)
 * St. Barbe (Newfoundland)
 * St. Carol's (Newfoundland)
 * St. Catherine's (Newfoundland)
 * St. Chad's (Newfoundland)
 * St. David's (Newfoundland)
 * St. Fintan's (Newfoundland)
 * St. Jones Within (Newfoundland)
 * St. Jones Without (Newfoundland)
 * St. Joseph's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * St. Jude's (Newfoundland)
 * St. Kryan's (Newfoundland)
 * St. Leonard's (Newfoundland)
 * St. Michaels (Newfoundland)
 * St. Patrick's (Newfoundland)
 * St. Phillip's (Newfoundland)
 * St. Stephen's (Newfoundland)
 * St. Teresa (Newfoundland)
 * St. Thomas (Newfoundland)
 * St. Veronica's (Newfoundland)

 * Salmonier (Newfoundland)
 * Samiajij Miawpukek (Newfoundland)
 * Samson Island (Newfoundland)
 * Sandy Point (Newfoundland)
 * Searston (Newfoundland)
 * Shearstown (Newfoundland)
 * Sheaves Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Sheppardville (Newfoundland)
 * Sheshatshiu (Labrador)
 * Ship Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Ship Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Shoal Brook (Newfoundland)
 * Shoal Cove East (Newfoundland)
 * Shoal Cove West (Newfoundland)
 * Shoal Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Shoe Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Sibley's Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Smith Sound
 * Smith's Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Snook's Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Sop's Arm (Newfoundland)
 * South Branch (Newfoundland)
 * South Dildo (Newfoundland)
 * Southeast Bight (Newfoundland)
 * Southern Arm (Newfoundland)
 * Southeast Placentia (Newfoundland)
 * Southern Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Southport (Newfoundland)
 * Southwest Arm (Newfoundland)
 * Spanish Room (Newfoundland)
 * Spencers Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Spillars Cove, Trinity Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Spillers Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Spread Eagle (Newfoundland)
 * Springfield (Newfoundland)
 * Stag Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Stanhope (Newfoundland)
 * Stock Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Stoneville (Newfoundland)
 * Straitsview (Newfoundland)
 * Summerville (Newfoundland)
 * Swain's Island (Newfoundland)
 * Sweet Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Swift Current (Newfoundland)

T

 * Tack's Beach (Newfoundland)
 * Taylor's Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Tea Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Templeman (Newfoundland)

 * The Thicket (Newfoundland)
 * Thornlea (Newfoundland)
 * Thoroughfare (Newfoundland)
 * Three Arms (Newfoundland)
 * Three Mile Rock (Newfoundland)
 * Three Rock Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Tibbos Hill (Newfoundland)
 * Tickle Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Tickle Harbor (Bellevue) (Newfoundland)
 * Tickles (Newfoundland)
 * Tilt Cove, Twillingate (Newfoundland)
 * Tilton (Newfoundland)
 * Tizzard's Harbour (Newfoundland)
 * Tompkins (Newfoundland)
 * Toogood Arm (Newfoundland)
 * Topsail, Conception Bay South (Newfoundland)
 * Tors Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Toslow (Newfoundland)
 * Triangle (Labrador)
 * Trinity East (Newfoundland)
 * Trouty (Newfoundland)
 * Turks Cove (Newfoundland)

U

 * Upper Amherst Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Upper Burgeo (Newfoundland)
 * Upper Ferry (Newfoundland)
 * Upper Gullies, Conception Bay South (Newfoundland)
 * Upper Island Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Upper Small Point (Newfoundland)
 * Upshall Station (Newfoundland)

V

 * Valleyfield, New-Wes-Valley (Newfoundland)
 * Vardyville (Newfoundland)
 * Venison Island (Labrador)
 * Vere Island (Newfoundland)
 * Victoria Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Villa Marie (Newfoundland)
 * Virgin Arm (Newfoundland)
 * Voy's Beach (Newfoundland)

W

 * West Bay (Newfoundland)
 * Woman Cove (Newfoundland)
 * Woodville (Newfoundland)
 * Woody Island (Newfoundland)


text:
USS Oregon

Four ships of the United States Navy have been named USS Oregon, in honor of the Oregon Territory or the 33rd state.
 * The first USS Oregon (1841) was a brig purchased in 1841 to support the U.S. Exploring Expedition and in commission until 1845.
 * A never-launched monitor previously named USS Quinsigamond (1864) and Hercules was also called Oregon before she was broken up in the ways.
 * The third USS Oregon (BB-3) was a battleship that saw action in the Spanish–American War and was in commission from 1896 to 1919.
 * The fourth USS Oregon (SSN-793) is a Virginia-class submarine

Confederate States Navy

 * One ship of the Confederate States Navy also bore the name Oregon. See CSS Oregon.

title: USS Oregon


text:
User:Oliver Pereira/Sandpit

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title: User:Oliver Pereira/Sandpit


text:
USS Iowa

USS Iowa may refer to several vessels:

Vessels named USS Iowa

 * USS Iowa (BB-4), a battleship that saw action during the Spanish–American War
 * USS Iowa (BB-53), a battleship already under construction when she was canceled by the Washington Naval Treaty
 * USS Iowa (BB-61), the lead ship of the Iowa-class battleship that saw action during World War II, the Korean War, and the Gulf War
 * USS Iowa (SSN-797), a planned Virginia-class submarine

Other vessels

 * Iowa, 1838, a Mississippi River boat that transported troops during the American Civil War
 * USS Ammonoosuc (1864), a monitor that was never commissioned and was renamed Iowa before being sold
 * USS Iowan (ID-3002), 1914 cargo ship used by the U.S. Navy in World War I for cargo and troop transport.

Non-military vessels named Iowa

 * Maid of Iowa, 1842 steamboat
 * A stern-wheel rafter/packet named Iowa plied the Mississippi River from 1865–1900.
 * A stern-wheel towboat named Iowa operated in the Mississippi River from 1921–1954; a contemporaneous dredge named Iowa also existed from 1932–1956.
 * An ocean-going steamer named Iowa was in use in the late 19th century.
 * In 1898 an excursion steamboat named Iowa was launched in Independence, Iowa, after several years as a popular attraction, it was carried over the Independence dam by high water and was demolished.

title: USS Iowa