text:
List of programs broadcast by ABC (American TV network)

The American Broadcasting Company (ABC) is a commercial broadcasting television network owned by Disney Entertainment, a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company. Headquartered on Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan, ABC is the fifth-oldest major broadcasting network in the world. The network began its TV operations in 1948.

Current programming
Note: Titles are listed in order followed by the year of debut in parentheses.

Drama

 * Grey's Anatomy (2005)
 * The Rookie (2018)
 * Will Trent (2023)
 * 9-1-1 (2024)

Comedy

 * The Conners (2018)
 * Abbott Elementary (2021)

Docuseries

 * Superstar (2021)

Reality/unscripted

 * America's Funniest Home Videos (1990)
 * The Bachelor (2002)
 * The Bachelorette (2003–05; 2008)
 * Dancing with the Stars (2005–21; 2023)
 * Shark Tank (2009)
 * The Great Christmas Light Fight (2013)
 * Bachelor in Paradise (2014)
 * American Idol (2018)
 * Judge Steve Harvey (2022)
 * Claim to Fame (2022)
 * The Prank Panel (2023)
 * The Golden Bachelor (2023)

Specials

 * Santa Claus Is Comin' to Town (1970)
 * Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve (1974)
 * Disney Parks Christmas Day Parade (1983)
 * Rose Parade (1989)
 * CMA Fest (2004)
 * Prep & Landing (2009)
 * CMA Country Christmas (2010)
 * Prep & Landing: Naughty vs. Nice (2011)
 * Toy Story of Terror! (2013)
 * Toy Story That Time Forgot (2014)
 * The Wonderful World of Disney: Magical Holiday Celebration (2016)
 * Olaf's Frozen Adventure (2017)
 * Mickey Saves Christmas (2022)
 * Endless Summer Vacation: Continued (Backyard Sessions) (2023)
 * Jingle Ball (2023)

Game shows

 * Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (1999–2002, 2004, 2009, 2020–2021, 2024)
 * Celebrity Family Feud (2015)
 * The $100,000 Pyramid (2016)
 * Press Your Luck (2019)
 * Celebrity Wheel of Fortune (2021)
 * The Chase (2021)
 * Generation Gap (2022)
 * Celebrity Jeopardy! (2022)
 * Jeopardy! Masters (2023)
 * Lucky 13 (2024)

Soap operas

 * General Hospital (1963)

Awards shows

 * Academy Awards (1976)
 * Country Music Association Awards (2006)
 * ESPY Awards (2015)
 * Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (2023) ceremony-present

Talk shows

 * The View (1997)
 * GMA3: What You Need to Know (2018)

Late night shows

 * Jimmy Kimmel Live! (2003)

News

 * ABC World News Tonight (1953)
 * Good Morning America (1975)
 * 20/20 (1978)
 * Nightline (1980)
 * This Week (1981)
 * America This Morning (1982)
 * World News Now (1992)
 * What Would You Do? (2008–2020; 2024)

Saturday morning

 * Jack Hanna's Wild Countdown (2011)
 * Outback Adventures with Tim Faulkner (2014–15; 2016)
 * Rock the Park (2015)
 * Ocean Treks with Jeff Corwin (2016)
 * Oh Baby! with Anji Corley (2019)

Film presentations

 * The Ten Commandments (1973; 2000)
 * The Sound of Music (2002)
 * ABC Saturday Movie of the Week (2004)

ESPN programming
Professional football: Professional basketball: Professional baseball Professional ice hockey: College football: Tennis: Auto racing: Esports: Misc:
 * National Football League (NFL)
 * Monday Night Football (shared with ESPN)
 * Wild Card Playoffs (simulcast on ESPN)
 * Divisional Playoffs (simulcast on ESPN)
 * Pro Bowl Games (simulcast on ESPN)
 * Super Bowl (in rotation with NBC, CBS, and Fox - simulcast on ESPN)
 * National Football League Draft (simulcast on ESPN)
 * UFL (2024) (in rotation with Fox/FS1 - simulcast on ESPN)
 * National Basketball Association (NBA) coverage, including:
 * NBA Countdown
 * NBA Christmas Special (select games simulcast on ESPN)
 * NBA Saturday Primetime
 * NBA Sunday Showcase
 * Select playoff games
 * The NBA Finals
 * Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) coverage
 * Major League Baseball (MLB)
 * Select Sunday Night Baseball games
 * Select Wild Card Series games
 * National Hockey League (NHL)
 * Select Saturday afternoon and night games (primarily doubleheaders)
 * NHL All-Star Game
 * NHL Stadium Series
 * Select Stanley Cup Playoffs games
 * Stanley Cup Finals (even years, in rotation with TNT/TBS/truTV)
 * ESPN College Football on ABC, which includes:
 * Saturday Night Football
 * Saturday afternoon games featuring teams from the ACC, Big 12 and SEC
 * Select bowl games alternated with ESPN
 * The Championships, Wimbledon
 * Ladies' and Gentlemen's Singles Finals (same-day replay, live coverage on ESPN)
 * Indian Wells Masters
 * Formula One
 * Overwatch League
 * The X Games (Summer and Winter)
 * The Little League World Series

Drama

 * High Potential (September 17, 2024)
 * Doctor Odyssey (September 26, 2024)

Docuseries

 * Scamanda (October 9, 2024)

Reality/unscripted

 * Extreme Makeover: Home Edition reboot (2024–25 season)
 * The Golden Bachelorette (September 18, 2024)

Comedy

 * Forgive and Forget
 * Shifting Gears

Drama

 * The Front Line
 * Untitled Alexi Hawley project
 * Untitled Ally McBeal sequel

Comedy

 * Boss
 * Lately
 * Moore & More
 * Outer Calistoga
 * Overtime
 * Untitled Muslim-American comedy
 * Worst House on the Block


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Talk:Shame/Archive 1

Definition
Reading the definition of guilt & shame, they seem very similar -- is the principal difference that in guilt one feels regret? -- Tarquin

I will attempt to make some distinctions here using psychological sources. Please suggest other possible sources.66.15.140.3 19:58, 1 February 2006 (UTC)

Do we really need an article that it seems appreciate that wikitionary covers? If there is shame, then why not regret, not disgrace, not embarrassment, not dishonor, etc, etc... -- Taku 21:05 Jan 6, 2003 (UTC)

 * I added this article because I believed it was necessary to explain some of the motivation behind Japanese culture -- as I understood it. I'm not wedded to the existence of this article (unlike some people I've crossed swords here in Wikipedia), but if I'm advocating an incorrect viewpoint, then I'd like an explanation why I'm incorrect.

 * Shame refers to one's internalized discomfort from doing something incorrect, & being seen by others. In US culture, there is much shame surrounding public nudity & sexual practices. A dishonored public figure (say, Trent Lott -- although you could probably pick Bill Clinton if you think I'm being unfairly partisan) doesn't show shame in US culture, although he/she might demonstrate guilt. (It's been known to happen.)

 * Guilt is a far more private emotion. As I feel it (& have heard it described), guilt does not depend on the opinions of other people: it is a tension between one's own sense of right & the act that causes guilt. Guilt has more of an effect in the non-sexual side of US affairs, & seems to be mostly used by parents on their children.

 * I'm unaware that anthropology has discredited this viewpoint, but my cultural anthropology classes were back in the late 1970's, & I may have remembered this distinction from an even older text. -- llywrch 01:04 Jan 7, 2003 (UTC)

 * shame <- ethics, guilt <- morals lysdexia 12:01, 26 Oct 2004 (UTC)

The definition of shame is said to be a form of social control. While this may be true in some cases, the way it is said in the description indicates that shame is a social construction. This is not true in most cases. One can say that social frames are based on how shame may naturally arise, or that cultures may intentionally create an artificial feeling of shame for a behavior which it deems obscene. To call it a form of social control is really putting a "The Guys at the Top use Shame to Manipulate the Sheep" flavor to the general definition of shame.

Why was 'shaming' redirected to this page? The term 'shaming' has been used to denote the cultural phenomena which deserves its own article. If someone can recommend a different title since 'shaming' might be defined as 'the act of inducing shame upon other individuals', that would be fine.

Fred Bauder posted it just fine on August 10th.

"Shaming is the act of disgracing an individual who has had altogether too much to drink and consequently passes out first on a given evening. Upon that person's fall from grace, his or her comrades proceed to perform all manner of mischevious deeds on their comatose body. The predominant purposes of shaming are for the amusement of the shamers, and for the humiliation of the recipient of the shaming, often as a punishment for not being able to hold his or her alcohol. Common shamings include the scarification of the person's face with permanent markers, dousing the sap with bags of flour, applying toothpaste to his or her person, or using powerful adhesives to bond both skin and inanimate object on the person's body. More complex shamings involve building structures on or around the unconscious person, moving the person to different and often humorous locales, and binding the person to whatever they have unwittingly selected as the site for their downfall." --Redconfetti 19:08, 9 December 2005 (UTC)

Request for Supporting Data.
The introductory paragraph concludes with "Intense shame may lead to depression or suicide." Can anyone please provide valid, scientific data to support this statement?
 * Can you provide valid, scientific data that Shame exists? All we have is the account of a few billion human beings - all of whom could be lying, for all we know. Not very scientific at all!

Supporting Data can be found in the following article:

Suicide and Shame by HARTMUT B. MOKROS

American Behavioral Scientist, Vol. 38, No. 8, 1091-1103 (1995) Deepsoulstarfish 18:30, 5 December 2006 (UTC)

to 'request'
a quick google scholar search shows many scientific papers on shame so it probably exists. Good question on depression and suicide. From my own experience with a shame based church it seems to me that shame is something to be overcome especially when it is false shame. For example the bible explicitly shames all things of the 'flesh' and exalts all things 'spiritual' which to me now is absurd. It took me decades to toss away that bible-babble based shame.

objective or subjective causes of shame
How is shame caused? I notice that what 'shames' one person might amuse the next. For example at GITMO our fine intelligence officers use sexual teases, taunts and other stunts to shame Muslim terrorist suspects. Some fundamentalist suspects break down in shame and rage, others who have lived in the West just laugh at their tormentors. To me this article needs a lot of work to capture the full essence of shame.

I also come from a religious background that uses shame to teach, control and punish it's members. I believe shame is a subject that deserves an article because it is a taboo emotion that needs to become better known. It also forms the COVERT locus of control for all societies I know of. In the United States Stalinist gender feminists who claim victimhood-as-saint status are particulary effective at using shame in politics. For example the claim that 'rape is not about sex...it is about power' is a ridiculous statement used to shame violent men while letting 'vice-ent' women off the hook. Shame can be a powerful form of political control because it allows those who claim the high moral ground (rightly or wrongly) to dictate terms to everyone else.

Introduction/definition/distinctions
I tried to tighten this up with references. However, there seem to be few good general references on this topic. Please comment or suggest how to proceed and how to organize\clean up the remainder of the article.

Anacapa 02:27, 2 February 2006 (UTC)

Work of Thomas Scheff
I think the work of TJ Scheff (Professor Emeritus of Sociology, University of California, Santa Barbara) should be mentioned in this article. He is a major influence on John Bradshaw, and he is a leading academic researcher into Shame as an emotion, and its role in in social processes. Google him and you will find relevant articles.

Just claiming this now that I know how to sign: Deepsoulstarfish 02:54, 17 January 2007 (UTC)

Religion section
Added an NPOV claim.

All the examples given in the religion section associate religion with very bad things -- abuse, torture, etc. -- in a way which I suggest violates WP:NPOV. I would suggest adding counterexamples which present religion in a different light. A famous one is described in Stanley Milgram's work Obedience to Authority, in which one of the case studies, a professor of theology, explained that he successfully refused to obey because of his religious faith, which gave him internal support to overcome the social pressure others felt to obey an authority figure. Because of this faith he, unlike most of the other participants in the experiment, even many who ultimately succeeded in refusing, was able to disobey authority without shame. The article should reflect the fact that the existence of religious perceptions that there is a source of moral values separate from the wishes of human authority figures has been perceived to have positive as well negative implications for shame as it affects people's ability to act autonomously. --Shirahadasha 22:05, 4 January 2007 (UTC)

In addition, the section appears to contain general statements about religion that appear to reflect an individual's personal value system and aren't universally held. For example, the statement that "Religions that claim only God or other spiritual beings are perfect in that sense impute a certain kind of shame on human beings." I believe this sort of opinion should be attributed as someone's specific opinon rather than presented as a general fact. For example, many secular philosophies also claim that humans are sometimes imperfect. Whether this "imputes" shame or not depends on the quite independent belief that being imperfect is in and of itself shameful -- something that by no means all religions (or secular philosophies) believe. It would appear that the article reflects as fact a particular individual's inferences regarding shame based on that individual's value system. The individual should be identified; the view of religion involved is not universal. Best, --Shirahadasha 22:05, 4 January 2007 (UTC)

Removal of content to Talk section
Reason: This section (except for the paragraph I added from Stanley Milgram appears to cite a single source, a legal magazine (not a psychological publication) describing a single incident in which an Amish woman was shunned by her community after having reported sexual abuse. There doesn't seem to be any WP:Reliable Sources supporting any of the claims made as required by Wikipedia's Verification policy. In light of the controversial nature of the material and the complete lack of sources, I am removing it to the Talk section pending further discussion. Please feel free to move material back if an editor can come up with sources supporting some or all of this content. Best, --Shirahadasha 03:56, 16 January 2007 (UTC) Note that there are many people who believe religion is unhealthy etc. It is not my intention to leave the article unbalanced in favor of religion (I'm leaving the NPOV tag in place to reflect that the article is now unbalanced in the opposite direction). But without sources or attribution, there is no way to tell which content represents a recognized expert theory, and which content represents nothing more than the personal opinion of a Wikipedia editor. --Shirahadasha 04:04, 16 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Shame is a key (if controversial) theme in religion. Religions that claim only God or other spiritual beings are perfect in that sense impute a certain kind of shame on human beings. In many cases, that shame is associated with sexuality and other carnal characteristics of human beings, though others would argue that only sinful expressions of those characterstics should be shameful.

 * Religious faith can create the basis for shame because shame reflects internalized ideas as to what is right and proper and about what is wrong and improper. This means that torture tactics intended to shame religious adherents might merely titillate other people (e.g., nudity). Conversely, religions may associate honor with certain behaviors (e.g, martyrdom in Christianity, veils in Islam) that others consider shameful. The ideas and the strength with which religious (and other) ideas are held seems to influence whether shame occurs and how much shame occurs in a subject.

 * Shaming and sometimes shunning is a theme in many religions as tactic to control disorderly members. In some cases a church member can be shamed and shunned for reporting abuses that happen inside churches.  The infamous case of Mary Byler  an Amish woman who was shunned for reporting repeated rapes by her relatives is one extreme example of the use of shunning to enforce order within a church.

Redirect
Why does Shame (song) redirect to here? Xiner (talk, email) 16:30, 11 February 2007 (UTC)

Shame is the fear to be evaluated by other people as a bad man = to be social outcast.

What this article needs
Is a .gif of a hands doing the two finger tsk tsk shaming motion. --NEMT 02:55, 7 August 2007 (UTC)

I was very disappointed at the discussion of religious shame. Religious shame and religious shaming have distorted or destroyed the lives of thousands of homosexuals. Why is the only reference here a positive one, and so far as I can see, related to resisting authority rather than the use of religious shame? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.94.168.254 (talk) 22:27, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Image:Encapuchado Rosa.jpg
I've added the picture. Please comment. By all means remove it if you think it's bad. --Simon Speed 17:00, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Shame/Archive 1


text:
Talk:Miyamoto Musashi

i think Musashi should redirect here
what do you think? --AnY FOUR! 08:30, 14 September 2007 (UTC)

I don't think that'd be good. As the Musashi page says, there's more than one Musashi. Just with "Musashi" and nothing else, I'd assume you could be talking about this man, Musashi Province, or the Japanese_battleship_Musashi. -Tadakuni 15:22, 14 September 2007 (UTC)

 * I'd have to agree with Tadakuni on this one; there are other subjects that are called "Musashi", so I don't think it'd be advisable to go through with a redirect. --SilentAria talk 15:27, 14 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Ditto. Just for kicks, I ran a Google search. The hits were not as unaminously for Miyamoto Musashi as I'd like to see if we were to redirect a disambig page here. --Gwern (contribs) 20:32 16 September 2007 (GMT)

 * Musashi should direct to the disambiguation page "Musashi" as it does at present. With multiple meanings/usages of the word, this should not even be a topic for debate! --MChew 01:05, 17 September 2007 (UTC)

Musashi "Disliked" Shinto?
I find this hard to believe. I'm going to do some searching of my own, but I think that whoever initially wrote that section may have confused Shintō the religion-- 神道 in Japanese-- with Shintō-ryū the sword form 神道流. These are by no means the same thing. -Tadakuni 06:37, 25 September 2007 (UTC)

 * That seems likely. Off the top of my head, he doesn't write disparagingly of Shinto or Buddhism in stuff like the Dokkodo. --Gwern (contribs) 01:38 8 October 2007 (GMT)

Miyamoto Musashi = Musashi Miyamoto?
I'm just curious, but wouldn't it be more appropriate to have Musashi's name as Musashi Miyamoto rather than Miyamoto Musashi? MastaFighta 17:33, 12 November 2007 (UTC)
 * It wouldn't. Wikipedia has a "rule" that anyone 1868 on is "first name-last name," and anyone before that is "last name, first name" (traditional Japanese order). Besides, Musashi isn't his given name, it's a title-- the shortened form of Musashi no kami. If he were born after 1868, you'd have to give his name as "Genshin Shinmen," because "Genshin" was the closest thing he had to the Western concept of a "given name." -Tadakuni 17:36, 12 November 2007 (UTC)

I see, I wasn't aware there was a rule/guideline for names. Thanks for informing me. MastaFighta 18:35, 12 November 2007 (UTC)
 * I know it's out there, sorry I can't recall the precise place to look for where it's written...should be somewhere on WikiProject Japan. -Tadakuni 19:09, 12 November 2007 (UTC)

 * You can find it in the manual of style at Manual of Style (Japan-related articles). Fg2 22:17, 12 November 2007 (UTC)

Alright, thanks a lot. MastaFighta 04:11, 13 November 2007 (UTC)

Autodidact
In reply to the poster who posted "self taught," I think you're absolutely right. Musashi was an autodidact without a doubt, and those types of people reach heights that no education can provide. Obsession is incredibly powerful. 68.123.159.100 (talk) 05:30, 24 June 2008 (UTC)

Which side in the Osaka Castle campaigns?
The timeline says "1614-1615 31-32 Joins the troops of Tokugawa Ieyasu in the Winter and Summer campaigns at Osaka Castle." But the siege of Osaka article says "History indicates that the legendary swordsman Miyamoto Musashi participated in the battle on the Toyotomi side." So which side did he fight with, the defending Toyotomi or the besieging and victorious Tokugawa? Maproom (talk) 11:41, 23 November 2007 (UTC)

 * IIRC, Tokitsu says that it isn't clear which side he fought on, but he seems to lean towards the Toyotomi side. I think this is covered in more detail somewhere other than the timeline in the article. --Gwern (contribs) 17:21 24 November 2007 (GMT)

 * According to Victor Harris's intro to A Book of Five Rings, Musashi fought on the Toyotomi side at Sekigahara and on the Tokugawa side at Osaka; I'll return presently with the precise sentence and citation. -Tadakuni (talk) 23:55, 24 November 2007 (UTC)
 * "In 1614 and again in 1615 he [Musashi] took the opportunity of once more experiencing warfare and siege. Ieyasu laid siege of Osaka castle where the supporters of the Ashikaga family (sic) were gathered in insurrection. Musashi joined the Tokugawa forces in both winter and summer campaigns, now fighting against those he had fought for as a youth at Seki ga Hara..." -Harris, Introduction to A Book of Five Rings, pp. 17-18. Now, granted, he misnames them as Ashikaga rather than Toyotomi, but still...also, according to the Japanese wiki article on Musashi, it says it is commonly believed that he sided with the Toyotomi at the Osaka campaign; however, this is groundless. He actually served under Mizuno Katsushige, under the command of Katsushige's son Katsutoshi.... -Tadakuni (talk) 00:01, 25 November 2007 (UTC)

Self Taught?
The martial arts section regarding Musashi should be expanded further. What is really awesome about Musashi, is how every single swordsman he fought (and killed) thought they were going to win simply because they studied at "prestigious" sword schools. Musashi, being little more than a rufian who was self taught, killed them all.

As they say, pride commeth before the fall.

Makes you wonder if education as it is currently known is really there to instruct, or, reserve knowledge for those who can afford to pay for it....

I mean, there is nothing more difficult, arguably, than the practice of martial arts. Of all things, even more than academic work, you need a teacher in martial arts. Musashi basically demonstrated that teachers are not needed, that one can seek and study knowledge on their own. It is insulting to teachers of all classes, and to all educational bodies. Its insulting, and yet, intriguing.

which is why the martial arts section shild be exployred further. yes the grammer and punctuation errors are deliberate

206.63.78.91 (talk)stardingo747 —Preceding comment was added at 15:38, 25 November 2007 (UTC)

 * He wasn't really self-taught. He came from a line of swordsmen and jitte masters. --Gwern (contribs) 16:47 29 June 2008 (GMT)
 * Yes I know, but his formal training did not last long enough to be officially considered "martial arts training." Also the article needs revision; on his mother side, Musashi was major nobility, on his father's, a man that had risen to nobility.  Moreover, Dorin was either a Daimyo, or a regional Samurai (they could act as governors), he was not a monk.  Sorry for my wording; I should not have used "self taught" so much as "plenty of experience."  At the risk of sounding like a hoodlum, all that meditation combined with experience had to count for something.  However that's soapboxing, more to the point in the article; it is packed with inacuracies and it needs revision.  It is written as a sort of biography, and few official Japanese University sources are cited.  Very few Japanese history texts on the feudal era are translated into English; most of what I know of Musashi, comes from those texts.  I used to own "The Lone Samurai," a book mentioned in this article, however I found so many inacuracies in it I felt compelled to sell it back to the store.  I won't point them out, as there are too many, space is limited, and this is not a forum, however I will suggest that you look directly at the source, and then revise as needed.  67.148.120.90 (talk) 04:57, 2 June 2009 (UTC)stardingo747

"He wasn't really self-taught. He came from a line of swordsmen and jitte masters." Lamarkism? AerobicFox (talk) 02:57, 23 January 2011 (UTC)

 * That's really unlikely, and off-topic. --Gwern (contribs) 21:00 26 January 2011 (GMT)

Musashi Defeated by Creator of Jodo?
Admittedly I skimmed through the article but I cannot seem to find mention of the story where he defeated but spared a bo master who through the development of the jo (shorter bo) later defeated and spared Musashi.24.83.148.131 (talk) 09:57, 3 March 2008 (UTC)BeeCier
 * You mean Musō Gonnosuke? -Tadakuni (talk) 15:40, 3 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Yes, thank you, that's him. I figure that if Gonnosuke never defeated Musashi, then there'd be no Jodo24.83.148.131 (talk) 10:16, 1 July 2008 (UTC)BeeCier
 * Gonnosuke never defeated Musashi on their second duel, only fought him to a draw. Still, to be able to fight the likes of Musashi to a draw, was considered an achievement in and of itself.  If you are looking for flashy stuff though you'll be dissapointed; Jodo is an extremely direct and pragmatic short staff art.  No fancy circles, no pretty twirls, just direct whacks to the forearms, temples, knees, or crotch.  It is a very "no nonsense" weapons form, and very simple.  67.148.120.90 (talk) 05:01, 2 June 2009 (UTC)stardingo747

The name "Takezo"?
In the book of the Five Rings, he calls himself "Shinmen Musashi no Kami Fujiwara no Genshin", there is no "Takezo". Please could someone show me a historical prove for the name "Takezo". In almost all movies about him and his life, his birth name is Shinmen Takezo and the people call him "Takezo-san". His well known childhood name was Bennosuke. If his given name would be really Takezo, why he didn´t mention it in "The book of five rings"? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.58.216.111 (talk) 00:28, 18 April 2008 (UTC)

Musashi is written with the kanji 武蔵. The first one means roughly 'martial', the same one in budo, bugei, bujutsu, etc. It is also read "mu", "takeshi", "take". The second kanji means to hide, to conceal, and is read kakureru, zou. I don't know the source, but a lot of scholars say he was called Takezo at one point, based on this combination of pronunciations of the same kanji. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.243.253.113 (talk) 15:22, 23 January 2010 (UTC)

 * Shinmen was his father's name, and Takezo was his original name. He changed it to Miyamoto(where he was born) later in life.

Note: he is named ja:Musashi Takezou on the Japanese wiki. (goto page 98) Here is a link that basically outlines popular belief as to why he changed his name -AerobicFox (talk) 01:13, 13 December 2010 (UTC)

 * I can't believe you're relying on a novel as a source for this. Yoshikawa made the name "Takezō" up. He has said so himself. He was never named Takezō. Read the Japanese language Wikipedia article. And if you can't read Japanese, maybe you shouldn't be insisting on this...?Matt Thorn (talk) 13:51, 27 October 2016 (UTC)

Clarification (under Biography :: Travels and duels)

 * They faced off, and Musashi struck a single blow, per their agreement.

So, does this mean that they agreed to let Musashi take the first blow? Oddity- (talk) 05:46, 6 June 2008 (UTC)

Regarding Muso Gonnosuke
Greetings! I thought I'd clarify I few things regarding Muso Gonnosuke, the creator of Shinto Muso Ryu Jodo, and Musashi. To make it short and sweet: there is no solid evidence that Gonnosuke defeated Musashi in the second duel outside of the Shinto Muso Ryu Jodo tradition itself. There is evidence, however, that Gonnosuke was defeated in the first duel as it is mentioned in both Musashi and Gonnosuke traditions.

The Shinto Muso ryu tradition was founded as a direct result of Muso Gonnosukes defeat, not the defeat of Musashi. The story about the rematch might have been constructed by a very pro-Gonnosuke clique to give that extra edge to the ryu. Or we could speculate that Musashi WAS defeated by Gonnosuke and that Pro-Musashi people have removed all mentioning of it. All of this is idle speculation. What is certain is that there is no sure way of proving that this rematch ever took place.

I've never heard of any "rivalry" between Shinto Muso Ryu and Hyoho Niten Ichi Ryu higher-ups regarding this issue, and I've never heard anyone in stating that the "Musashi was defeated" scenario is required "doctrine" for a Shinto Muso Ryu pracitioner. Yes the tradition goes that the rematch happened...but the tradition also states that a Divine Being taught Muso Gonnosuke his jo-techniques. (The "divine aspect" is a very common feature in traditional Japanese warrior-schools by the way.)

Anyways, I hope that clears a few things out. Fred26 (talk) 14:10, 26 September 2008 (UTC)

Later life and death
The article currently states that he stayed with the Hosokawa in 1633 and at this time they were sponsors of Sasaki Kojiro. However, Kojiro died in 1612, so it is difficult to see how this could have been the case. Clarification needed. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 91.106.251.34 (talk) 08:21, 2 May 2009 (UTC)

1607 Munisai (Musashi's father) passes his teachings onto Musashi. Could this be clarified? Munisai was long dead (whatever date of death you retain). 'His teaching school' ? Belongings? No citation, and I cannot find another ref. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2403:6200:8821:5136:1362:89B6:F4AF:800C (talk) 08:17, 23 July 2023 (UTC)

What happened to Musashi's two swords?
Terao Kyumanosuke (Motomenosuke) had received the complete transmission of the School of Musashi, with certification and Musashi's two swords. He at first refused to teach and sent what he had received to Musashi's adopted son, Iori. Iori refused the succession, since the honor had not been bestowed upon him. With this, Kyumanosuke then agreed to take over as head—both his and Iori's actions were manifestations of their respect for Musashi.

Succession in the Hyoho Niten Ichi-ryū (the name given by Musashi towards the end of his life) does not follow a hereditary pattern. It is attested to by the bestowing of two artifacts: a scroll on which is written the name of the techniques and the approach to them that must be transmitted if the school is to be perpetuated truly,[3] and a wooden sword that Musashi made himself, with which he trained and used as a walking stick during the last years of his life[3], today in possession of the Usa city Shinto Shrine.

Ok so, with that being considered fact or general consesus, I really would love to know what exactly happened to Musashi's two swords. The pasted above states what happened to one of his wooden swords, but not the katanas. I read biography of Musashi written by Kenji (must read) and it really didn't state whether Musashi's swords even still exist today. Any ideas? Thanks —Preceding unsigned comment added by 208.92.32.4 (talk) 22:25, 30 October 2009 (UTC)

Years and ages - an observation
"'... age of 15 (according to the Tosakushi, 'The Registry of the Sakushu Region', although the Tanji Hokin Hikki says he was 16 years old in 1599, which agrees time-wise with the age reported in Musashi's first duel).'"

I was just looking through this article, very interesting, and spotted this bit. Nothing really wrong with it, but I did observe the confusion on age, and figured I'd note that he could have been 15, if it was during the first half of 1599, right? Similar case for his first duel, as well- he could have had the duel sometime in the latter half of 1596 and thus been 13 as documented. If he really was born in June, like I was, then this is certainly a detail not to be ignored. Though, as well, the actual birth year seems to be in question by some historians, and these dates may be based on those. They certainly seem to match up with the 1584 birth year, though.

Though perhaps there's implied times of year for these registries and such from which these ages and years came from..? In any case, it is important to keep in mind that half of the year, he's a year 'younger' than one might think just calculating age vs theorized birth year. I do like how at least one of the later mentions of 'age' put the other possible age in parentheses, seemingly noting this possibility. --128.220.107.111 (talk) 18:38, 8 January 2010 (UTC)

 * In traditional japanese way to calculate age of a person you are 1 year old just after your birth. And you will be 2 years old after the next lunar New Year, not after your actual birthday. In historical japanese sources you will find that way of calculating someone's age, while in Western sources there is a trend to calculate age as we Westerners do. That's the thing you should keep in mind reading this article. Vigilium (talk) 15:08, 12 June 2011 (UTC)

The use of a doctor or medic in duels?
Is there anything to suggest in historical records that Musashi was a user of doctors when survivng the aftermath of a duel? European duels always had a medic/doctor at hand to stitch wounds and remove shot. Did this issue apply to Samurai duels? Did Musashi retain a doctor for his duels alone?--Ickesshadow (talk) 06:45, 16 December 2010 (UTC)

 * Musashi was only ever injured twice in his career, so that is unlikely. Once with his fight with Kojiro where his leg got cut near the femoral artery, and another where he tied with Ganryu. He was also hit be a falling rock when storming a castle, and grazed by an arrow. Considering the lack of times he was injured, and the fact that duels were almost always to the death, and that he was a loner; there was probably not a doctor or anything. --AerobicFox (talk) 19:59, 16 December 2010 (UTC)

Donn F. Draeger letters
Donn F. Draeger's view on Musashi conflicts with a lot of what I see in this wikipedia article's intro. See I'm somewhat inclined to believe his opinion more than what I see here. Comments from someone more knowledgeable? janto (talk) 18:31, 29 August 2011 (UTC)

Gripping the sword with two fingers?
In "The Book of Five Rings" in the "Water Book" is written: "Grip the long sword with a rather floating feeling in your thumb and forefinger, with the middle finger neither tight nor slack, and with the last two fingers tight. It is bad to have play in your hands." So Miyamoto don't teach two-finger grip, but a slack between two fingers. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.50.139.226 (talk) 09:45, 10 May 2012 (UTC)

 * You are exactly correct, and the article is definitely misleading on that point. It's probably worth noting that the grip described by Musashi is also the only effective way to wield a sword (whether with one hand or two), given the physiology of the human hand. I've never heard of anyone ever teaching a different method - and how to grip a sword is pretty basic stuff. The commentary on this point in the article is probably misplaced, and definitely consists of original research.  Why don't you edit the article and add a citation to the specific passage in the Book of Five Rings two clarify the point about the grip. Bradford44 (talk) 15:16, 10 May 2012 (UTC)

Correction Needed????
I know nothing about this other than what is in the article, so I am hesitant to make changes. However in Munisai and Musashi's birth date, it says Mysteriously, Munisai's tomb says he was born in 1580,

From surrounding text I'm pretty sure this should read died instead of born, — Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.133.163.244 (talk) 13:07, 23 July 2012 (UTC)

Shirota
Should the information about Shirota be included in a timeline of Musashi's life?--Slowlikemolasses (talk) 19:29, 17 November 2012 (UTC)

Copyright issue
It appears that some of the text was copied from here: http://likendo.com/miyamoto_musashi.htm without proper citation.

On a separate note, the claim that he died in 1580 is suspect. Perhaps that should have read "born in 1580"? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Grauenwolf (talk • contribs) 21:25, 23 May 2013 (UTC)

 * Actually, the text your referring to was probably copied from Wikipedia without proper citation. The "offending" text includes the sentence The details of Miyamoto Musashi's early life are difficult to verify. This sentence was formed on 25 August 2006 and was actually a modification of the phrase Much of Miyamoto Musashi's early life is shrouded in mystery. It's almost impossible that Wikipedia had an old version of a sentence, and then that sentence was later edited, and the edited version -- but not the original -- was a CO violation. In fact, we can clearly trace the date of that website's plagiarizing Wikipedia to some time between 25 September 2006, when a quotation was formatted to the way LiKendo cites it, and 13 October 2006, when a reference to GRnS that is not included in LiKendo was added. (Most of the intervening edits were either to parts of the article that LiKendo didn't copy, or vandalism that was reverted, or formatting changes -- Wikilinks, etc. -- that would not affect a copied version of the page.) Hitomaro742 (talk) 08:11, 24 May 2013 (UTC)

Cause of Death?
In the timeline the cause is given as thoracic cancer in the infobox as stomach cancer. --90.1.249.192 (talk) 20:52, 13 July 2014 (UTC)
 * aside from that fehlleistung wakizashi, quite competent at tetris plus more contemporary cg, — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2001:4DD7:3AC2:0:2D66:4689:7684:1ED1 (talk) 20:49, 4 December 2019 (UTC)

 * In US English they call it a [soandsohanded] swoop — Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.44.225.107 (talk) 06:52, 5 December 2019 (UTC)

Musashi Self portraits
NEVER PAINTED ANY SELF PORTRAITS! It is written and often said that the above painting depicts a self-portrait by Miyamoto Musashi. However, when I spoke to the curator of the Shimada Art Museum which owns the original work, the curator advised me that this is a misconception. The original painting was not done by Musashi but a painter of the Meiji era. In fact, Musashi did not create any self-portraits. -

External links modified (February 2018)
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The timeline
It´s overall well done, but there are some little mistakes. I allow me to change it. Example: If there is only a year available and not an exacte date (day, or at least month), it can not be determine how old he was. Take the year 1600: From January 1st to his birthday on March 12, he was still 15 years old. From March 12 to December 31 he was 16 years old. --Niten Doraku (talk) 15:57, 11 January 2021 (UTC)

His age (japanese way vs western way)
I also want to mention something which i consider important because it can confuse people. As far as i know, the Japanese have an other method about how old someone is. Musashi wrote for example in 1599, when he defeated Akiyama, that he was 16 years old at that time. Same with Arima Kihei. Mr. Miymaoto wrote he was 13 when he killed his first man, Mr. Arima, and this was in 1596. Since Musashi was born in March 1584, it is obvious he was not 13 in ´96 and he was not 16 in ´99. And this is a confusion for some people with his timeline, since even the author William Scott Wilson made him 13 in 1596 and 16 in 1599, when he was actually 11-12 and 14-15 in those two years.

As far as i know, a 3 months old baby is in Japan already 1 year old. The baby is basically "in his first year", that´s why they say it is 1. And if a man or a woman is let´s say 20 years and 10 days old, for the Japanese he/she is already 21 ("in their 21th year). Since Musashi was japanese, it is highly possible he ment by 16 (in his 16th year), which would made him 15 in the western method.

I am not an Expert in japanese manners, but i´ve heard it many years ago the Japanese handle it like this, at least they did it, i dont know if they still do it today. --Niten Doraku (talk) 20:09, 14 January 2021 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 00:54, 20 July 2021 (UTC)
 * Statue of Miyamoto Musashi.jpg

Y
Sig at han var god til kamp 2A02:AA7:4007:9D93:1:2:2670:A571 (talk) 13:03, 13 October 2022 (UTC)

In popular culture
Japanese Knifemaker Seisakusho Miyamoto engraves the handles of his Higo-Knaifu, a "Higonokami" folding-knife not licensed by the Higonokami-Knife-Guild, hence the slightly different name, with a depiction of Miyamoto Musashi wielding his sword. 2003:CA:3F0A:20B0:3920:78EC:5827:2D84 (talk) 14:28, 15 October 2022 (UTC)

Fictitious life
Reading this one wonders if the character had any other real thing about him outside the fact that he lived in the early 17th century. Similar to Benvenuto Cellini, Caliostro or Casanova, all we know about him is writen by himself. How reliable can this be?! 188.27.132.41 (talk) 06:55, 11 February 2023 (UTC)

Commits sepuku, then travels?
1626 sepuku. 1627 travels, was his sepoku ineffective a d forgiven. Or the data inaccurate? 2409:4081:1D83:FDD4:0:0:B089:815 (talk) 11:35, 21 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Miyamoto Musashi


text:
Squonk

The squonk is a mythical creature that is reputed to live in the hemlock forests of northern Pennsylvania in the United States.

Johnstown, Pennsylvania celebrates the Squonk at the Squonkapalooza in August.

Origins
The first written account of the squonk was from the 1910 book Fearsome Creatures of the Lumberwoods. His provenance was attested in the next written iteration, in the 1939 book Fearsome Critters. This book suggested that the creatures had migrated from deserts to swamps to finally settle in Pennsylvania. As logging camps were continuously moving in the early 20th century, this could explain the purported "creature's" migration to Pennsylvania.

Appearance and behavior
Unlike many mythological creatures, the supposed physical characteristics of the squonk remain unchanged from the original written account, which states: "The squonk is of a very retiring disposition, generally traveling about at twilight and dusk. Because of its misfitting skin, which is covered with warts and moles, it is always unhappy...Hunters who are good at tracking are able to follow a squonk by its tear-stained trail, for the animal weeps constantly. When cornered and escape seems impossible, or when surprised and frightened, it may even dissolve itself in tears."

- William T. Cox

Later retellings included that squonks were slowest on moonlit nights as they try to avoid seeing their ugly appearance in any illuminated bodies of water. In addition to warts and moles, the creatures were given webbed toes on their left feet.

The given "species" taxonomy of the creature, Lacrimacorpus dissolvens, is made up of the Latin tear, body, and dissolve. These refer to its supposed ability to dissolve when captured.

In scientific literature
Some substances are stable in solution or some other "wild" form but cannot be isolated or captured without actually catalyzing their own polymerization or decomposition ("dissolving in their own tears"). For example, a molecule containing a carboxylic acid moiety and an acid labile moiety might be stable when initially prepared as the salt (e.g., barium prephenate) but unstable as the free acid (prephenic acid). These have been named "chemical squonks".

Usage in popular media
"Any Major Dude Will Tell You" is a song written by Donald Fagen and Walter Becker that was first released by Steely Dan on their 1974 album Pretzel Logic and has the line "Have you ever seen a squonk's tears? Well, look at mine".

The progressive rock band Genesis has a song written by bassist Mike Rutherford, about this creature (simply named "Squonk") on their 1976 album A Trick of the Tail.

title: Squonk


text:
Special attack

Special attack may refer to:

 * A euphemism for suicide attack, used in whole or in part for the names of some World War II units:
 * Japanese Special Attack Units, a variety of suicide units and weapons
 * Kamikaze, a Japanese special attack air unit type
 * Surface Special Attack Force, the ten ships assigned to Operation Ten-Go
 * Sonderkommando Elbe (Special Command Elbe), a German interceptor unit
 * Special attacks, a feature of fighting games
 * Special attack (Pokémon)

title: Special attack


text:
Talk:Curl (mathematics)

uniform curl
The "uniform" in the "depiction of a two-dimensional vector field with a uniform curl" caption to this figure confuses me:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curl_(mathematics)#/media/File:Uniform_curl.svg

I can see it as uniform around [0,0] at any radius but it doesn't seem like uniform at any point in the image. Is uniform the right word?

Drf5n (talk) 18:55, 15 May 2024 (UTC)

×
the sign × is not written using the math quotes, and it is not amongst special characters; someone more experienced from wikipedia should fix that.79.115.168.132 (talk) 20:18, 25 February 2014 (UTC)

Proposed mnemonical illustration
Here is something which may help, I hope it is self-evident enough to not require a source and not be original research :

Opinions? Sorry about the notation but the basis notation (ex, ey, ez) is clearer than (i, j, k) since these are also used for quaternions, and the e notation has clear extension to any other general curvilinear coordinates. F = q(E+v×B) ⇄ ∑ici 13:49, 28 June 2012 (UTC)

 * See also here, if interested in the cross product analogue of this picture. F = q(E+v×B) ⇄ ∑ici 13:59, 28 June 2012 (UTC)
 * if it is by me the second curl is counterclockwise,not to make the modification !! (and eq. 0)79.115.168.132 (talk) 20:18, 25 February 2014 (UTC)

Better examples?
The current examples are misleading, especially the firs: it starts out with a vector field that is rotating, and tries to implicate that the curl should be non-zero because the vector field is rotating: counter example:  1/(x^2+y^2)  (-y,x). This field rotates quite vigorously, yet it's curl is zero. Another example: (y,0). Nothing rotates, but the curl is quite non-zero!--345Kai (talk) 15:01, 24 October 2012 (UTC)

Gnarl
According to Wiktionary, gnarl is the "average value of the magnitude squared of the curl of a vector field over a continuous path that is tangent to the vector field at every point". I'm not even going to pretend I understand that. Would some knowledgeable person like to add a reference to 'gnarl' on this page? Cnilep (talk) 03:54, 28 March 2016 (UTC)

 * That sense at Wiktionary might be dubious; it is now being challenged. Equinox ◑ 12:00, 5 December 2019 (UTC)

Dubious claims about geographical usage of terms
"The alternative terminology rotor or rotational and alternative notations rot F and ∇ × F are often used (the former especially in many European countries, the latter, using the del operator and the cross product, is more used in other countries) for curl and curl F."

Should have some citations or should maybe just be removed. It's pretty vague and pretty irrelevant. I just have anecdotal evidence against it (read: at least my calculus and physics professors at a renowned european university have different habits). — Preceding unsigned comment added by 83.78.181.178 (talk) 11:24, 4 May 2016 (UTC)

Explanation missing
the angular speed of the rotation is half the magnitude of the curl

94.191.138.186 (talk) 13:52, 27 November 2017 (UTC)

Comic book analogy?
First paragraph goes:

One analogy shows a man seeming to stand in a Euclidean space graph hologram with arrows coming from him showing how he is actually moving, just like in a comic book except the arrows show where he's going and not where he's been.

What kind of comic book has arrows showing where one has been? Readers will erroneously infer mathematicians don't read comics :) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 5.88.100.66 (talk) 12:58, 16 March 2018 (UTC)

Article's overall tone
I've noticed that the overall tone of this article is very conversational and seems too casual for a Wikipedia article. I started with rewriting Examples 1 & 2 (while still keeping the content the same), but noticed after reading over it that it had issues outside of the sections that I modified. Some cleanup is needed overall. --Loverthehater (talk) 23:49, 11 May 2018 (UTC)
 * Hello ! With this edit, You introduced an error into the first example, by stating that a stationary object placed in the field would rotate. Now that I know what the sentence said previously, I can see what You probably tried to express. As it reads now, I would not understand a "stationary object" to be able to rotate. Indeed, my first interpretation was that the object in question were a mass point rotating around the center of the system, which is not what would happen. Do You think You could clarify that sentence? I liked the analogy to the paddle wheel very much, since it provides a very powerful intuition. --Lpd-Lbr (talk) 13:14, 11 November 2019 (UTC)

Definition of curl contains an undefined term p
Here is the definition as I find it today:

 * $$(\nabla \times \mathbf{F})(p) \ \overset{\underset{\mathrm{def}}{}}{=} \lim_{A \to 0}\left( \frac{1}{|A|}\oint_C \mathbf{F} \cdot d\mathbf{r}\right)\mathbf{\hat{n}}$$

 * where $∮_{C} F ⋅ dr$ is a line integral along the boundary of the area in question, and $|A|$ is the magnitude of the area. If $n̂$ is the unit vector perpendicular to the plane, whereas $ν̂$ is an outward-pointing in-plane normal (see caption at right), then the orientation of $C$ is chosen so that a tangent vector $ω̂$ to $C$ is positively oriented if and only if ${n̂,ν̂,ω̂ }$ forms a positively oriented basis for $ℝ^{3}$ (right-hand rule).

In the paragraph following the equation I find no mention of p.

I am guessing that p refers to the point at which the curl is being evaluated. Is that correct?

If that is the meaning of p -- or whatever the meaning -- does it not need to be called out as such in the explanatory paragraph?

Dratman (talk) 02:47, 17 June 2019 (UTC)

Curl definition should be more similar to divergence definition
I am referring to the divergence definition found on Wikipedia here.
 * The unused term p referring to a point could be substituted for a clear notation like the one found in the link above.
 * The "def" above the equal sign is unnecessary.
 * The right side of the equation as presented is a scalar value, whereas the right side is vector valued. I really think this should be expounded on further/corrected in the article because it won't make sense for beginners.
 * There exist derivations for both the curl and divergence which highlight their relationship to flow and flux which I feel could serve both articles well. Here's a link to some lecture notes which feature a pretty simple (albeit not mathematically rigorous) derivation of curl and divergence by relating them to infinitesimal flux/flow. (EDIT: A derivation is found already on Wikipedia here). — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sqrtpapi2001 (talk • contribs) 22:45, 20 April 2020 (UTC)

Replacement of the old-American-Centric notation "curl" by the international notation "rot", in agreement with the international norm ISO/IEC 80000-2
I have replaced the old American-centric notation "curl" by the modern and international notation "rot". See ISO/IEC 80000-2 (section 2-16.17 in the document published by the International_Organization_for_Standardization). I hope you agree with this change. Otherwise, please stop impose English as the international language of science. But I'm sure you will agreed with the use of the norm (after all, we are in the 21th century). — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2a01:cb10:72:1d00:1c26:baf8:7e44:d7ac (talk)
 * No, thanks. --JBL (talk) 23:47, 8 May 2021 (UTC)

Usable as a source for something?
I removed a recent IP addition sourced to : basically, I think it's a pedagogical note that might deserve a place in a good textbook or course but not in an encyclopedia. However, the source (by Duane Nykamp) seems of solid quality; can it be used to source anything? For the moment I will stick it in the external links section. --JBL (talk) 22:06, 12 February 2022 (UTC)

Index notation representation
Wouldn't sqrt(g) be the sqrt of the determinant of the metric tensor, not the Jacobian? Babai08 5Foot2 (talk) 02:51, 7 November 2022 (UTC)

Regarding the explicit definition of curl
I have tried to find the explicit definition of curl in other sources without luck; and it makes sense to me even more than the implicit definition. However, given that this is the only place where I have seen it, I don't know if I trust it, even though I would like to. TheDogRoscoe (talk) 04:17, 11 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Curl (mathematics)


text:
Osmania University

Osmania University is a collegiate public state university located in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Mir Osman Ali Khan, the 7th Nizam of Hyderabad, issued a firman calling for its creation on 29 August 1917. It is the third oldest university in southern India, and the first to be established in the erstwhile Kingdom of Hyderabad. It was the first Indian university to use Urdu as a language of instruction, although with English as a compulsory subject. As of 2012, the university hosts 3,700 international students from more than 80 nations.

Osmania is one of the largest university systems in the world with over 300,000 students on its campuses and affiliated colleges. The Osmania Medical College was once a part of the Osmania University System. However, it is now under the supervision of Kaloji Narayana Rao University of Health Sciences.

History
In 1917, Sir Akbar Hydari, in a memorandum to the Education Minister, emphasized the need to establish a university in Hyderabad with Urdu as the medium of instruction, "as it is the language of the widest currency in India". On 26 April 1917, the Nizam of Hyderabad Mir Osman Ali Khan issued a firman to establish the Osmania University.

The university began functioning in 1918 in a building adjacent to the Nizam College at Basheerbagh. Arts and theology were the only two faculties offered, and the first batch consisted of 225 students and 25 faculty members.

The government invited Patrick Geddes and Edwin Jasper to set up a permanent campus of the university. Geddes surveyed prospective locations and presented his report in 1923. Jasper drew up the building plans and the Nizam laid the foundation stone for the campus on July 5, 1934. After Jasper left Hyderabad, the state architect Zain Yar Jung supervised the construction of the campus.

Post-Independence (1947-present)
After independence and the accession of Hyderabad State in 1948, the university fell under the purview of the state government. After the election of the first state government, the central government announced plans to convert Osmania University into a central university with Hindi as the medium of instructions. However, this led to protests and with pressure from the Mulki agitation, the plan was dropped. Eventually, English replaced Urdu as the medium of instruction, and the Nizam's crown was also removed from the university seal.

In 2022 the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) ranked Osmania University 22nd among Indian universities.

Seal
The original seal featured the Nizam's crown as the crest, along with the phrase Noorun Ala Noor. It also contained the hadith, "I am the city of knowledge and Ali is its gate".

The present emblem contains inscriptions in Telugu and Sanskrit. The new logo has the Urdu letter Ain in between.

Campus
The Main campus is a chief intellectual centre in Hyderabad, and its alumni and faculty members include many distinguished individuals, including former Prime Minister of India P. V. Narasimha Rao. Admission to Main campus departments of Genetics, Biochemistry, Biotechnology, Chemistry, Engineering, Management, and Law is highly competitive. The state government has appointed Prof S.Ramachandram as vice chancellor of the university. The university is accredited by the NAAC with an 'A+' Grade and conferred with the status of 'University with Potential for Excellence' by the UGC, New Delhi.

The University Colleges are located in begumpet university. There are ten such colleges: the University College of Arts and Social Sciences, University College of Commerce & Business Management, University College of Technology, University College of Engineering, University College of Law, University College of Science, Institute of Advance Study in Education, and PG College of Physical Education. The university offers courses in Humanities, Arts, Sciences, Social Sciences, Law, Engineering, Medicine, Technology, Commerce and Business Management, Information Technology and Oriental Languages. In 2001, Osmania was awarded five-star status by the National Accreditation and Assessment Council (NAAC) of the University Grants Commission, part of the Government of India.

The university has a campus of nearly 1600 acres (6 km2) with 300,000 students (counting all the campuses, constituent affiliated colleges and district centres) making it one of the largest higher education systems in India. Nearly 5000 faculty and staff are employed at Osmania. It attracts students from across the nation as well as from other countries.

Constituent colleges
Osmania University is a confederation of university colleges, constituent colleges, and affiliated colleges. The constituent colleges of the university include:
 * Nizam College
 * Post Graduate College of Law, Basheerbhagh
 * University College for Women, Koti
 * University College of Science, Saifabad
 * University Post Graduate College, Secunderabad

Other Autonomous Centers

 * Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers, Hyderabad
 * Indian Council of Social Science Research, Hyderabad
 * Center For Plant Molecular Biology
 * Center For Indian Ocean Studies
 * Japal-Rangapur Observatory
 * Research and Training Unit in Navigational Electronics
 * Regional Center For Urban and Environmental Studies
 * National Institute of Nutrition
 * City College Hyderabad
 * Center For Stem Cell Science, Hyderabad
 * Anwar Ul Uloom College, Hyderabad
 * PGRR center for distance education

Affiliated engineering colleges
The affiliated engineering colleges of the university are mostly scattered throughout the GHMC area and offer various undergraduate and post-graduate engineering courses. The affiliated engineering colleges include (in no particular order):
 * Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology
 * Vasavi College of Engineering
 * Muffakham Jah College of Engineering and Technology
 * Deccan College of Engineering and Technology
 * Maturi Venkata Subba Rao Engineering College
 * Matrusri Engineering College
 * Methodist College of Engineering and Technology
 * Stanley College of Engineering and Technology for Women
 * Islamia Engineering College
 * Neil Gogte Institute of Technology
 * Keshav Memorial Engineering College
 * Gokaraju Lailavati Engineering College for Women

Admissions
Osmania is a non-profit university which is funded and managed by the government. Admissions into the Bachelor of Engineering, Masters and Doctoral programs in main campus is on a merit basis, evaluated by national entrance examinations (EAMCET, GATE, BCFSBTGMES-N&D, TSLAWCET, O.U. PhD Entrance Exam, DOST etc.) for each of the courses offered.

Library
The University Library is the main library of the university and it was founded in 1918 along with the university. It has close to 500,000 books and more than 6000 manuscripts, which includes rare palm leave manuscripts. It also has various journals, government documents, etc. The main library coordinates a library system, which connects the libraries in the entire campus and other constituent college libraries.

Rankings
Osmania University has ranked 1201–1400 in the world by the QS World University Rankings of 2023, 401–450 among universities in Asia category by the QS Asia Ranking 2023 and ranked on 32 in QS India Ranking in 2020.

The Times Higher Education World University Rankings ranked it 1201–1500 globally in the 2023 ranking 301–350 in Asia in 2022 and 301–350 among Emerging Economies University Rankings 2021.

The National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) ranked it 36 among universities in 2023 and 64th overall.

Research
The research activities are funded by various autonomous agencies of the government of India. Foreign students are also admitted to the university via UFRO (University Foreign Relations Office) that allots admissions with minimum criteria. Indian students living overseas Non-resident Indian are also admitted through UFRO that are usually ineligible to get admissions via the entrance exams quota.

Notable alumni and faculty
Notable alumni of Osmania University include 9th Prime Minister of India P. V. Narasimha Rao, Jaipal Reddy, cabinet minister, 16th and last Chief Minister of united Andhra Pradesh with Telangana Nallari Kiran Kumar Reddy, CEO Adobe systems Shantanu Narayen and senior advocate Subodh Markandeya.

Other alumni include spiritual guide and founder of Shrimad Rajchandra Mission Dharampur, Pujya Gurudevshri Rakeshji, pro chancellor of khaja bandanawaz university Syed Muhammad Ali Al Hussaini, former Indian Cricket team captain Mohammed Azharuddin, cricket commentator Harsha Bhogle, novelist Venkatesh Kulkarni, author and poet Sneha Narayanan, PDSU founder George Reddy, former Union Home Minister Shivraj Patil, former governor of the Reserve Bank of India Yaga Venugopal Reddy, chemist Garikapati Narahari Sastry, Metallurgist and former Vice Chancellor of Banaras Hindu University Patcha Ramachandra Rao and physicist Raziuddin Siddiqui. Rakesh Sharma, cosmonaut and the first Indian to travel in space, was a graduate of Osmania. Karan Bilimoria, founder of Cobra Beer, Member of the House of Lords, and the seventh Chancellor of the University of Birmingham earned his Bachelor of Commerce degree from Osmania in 1981. Rafi Ahmed, a well-known virologist and immunologist graduated from Osmania University in 1968.

Notable former faculty members of the university include Bhadriraju Krishnamurti, Dravidianist and linguist, and founder of linguistics department at the university, physicist Suri Bhagavantam, and linguist Masud Husain Khan.

title: Osmania University


text:
Talk:Zilker Park

Untitled
I feel up to doing an original article on the park; it'll take some time though. Any collaboration will be more than appreciated. Hephaestos 17:51 Jan 6, 2003 (UTC)

How about we add something atleast however menial. Mattsm 22:08 Jan 6, 2003 (UTC)

Is there a non-U.S. Austin, Texas of which I am not aware? Hephaestos

Not that I am aware of. Mattsm 22:34 Jan 6, 2003 (UTC)

I know it's so obvious that Austin, Texas means Austin, Texas in the United States. But then are there many Sendai or Inchon? So I believe it is better idea to put the US for those who don't know Austin, Texas. -- Taku 22:41 Jan 6, 2003 (UTC)

 * In cases where there's not an explanatory link, I'd agree. However, where there is, I think it's kind of redundant. Hephaestos 22:50 Jan 6, 2003 (UTC)

I took the liberty of moving this back to Zilker Park so as to be more in line with the naming conventions (The official name may be "Zilker Metropolitan Park," but it's not really ever called that outside official city documents). - Hephaestos 04:08 May 14, 2003 (UTC)

title: Talk:Zilker Park


text:
Talk:Alexander Graham Bell

Cofounder
"Co-founder of.. AT&T".. IS ABSOLUTELY INCORRECT!' Do your research, people!! At&T didn't even exist until I was a teenager!!! He invented a telephone, period. The telephone company-- the ONLY telephone company, was name Bell Telephone after him. Each State had their own 'Bell' company in MY lifetime: Ohio Bell, Montana Bell, etc. "AT&T" was the result of a merger of all the Bell telephone companies, and more. REMOVE THE "He co-founded AT&T" section which is listed on the right side of this entry!!! He was not even alive for "AT&T". 98.123.126.45 (talk) 01:39, 7 June 2023 (UTC)
 * I've corrected this to be the Bell Telephone Company -- Escape Orbit (Talk) 10:36, 7 June 2023 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure what "research" you're referring to. "In 1885, the American Telephone and Telegraph Co. was incorporated by American Bell. This is where we first see the “AT&T” name come into play."
 * https://www.thestreet.com/technology/history-of-att
 * "The Bell Telephone Company underwent a series of reorganizations and renamings between 1878 and 1900. In 1881 Bell bought Western Electric; this leading maker of telegraphic equipment thenceforth became the dominant manufacturer of telephone equipment as well. Another important unit, the Mechanical Department, formed in 1883, became the Bell Telephone Laboratories, incorporated as a separate company in 1925. In 1885 Bell established the American Telephone and Telegraph Company, or AT&T, as its subsidiary responsible for building long-distance telephone lines. In 1899 AT&T was made the parent company of the Bell System."
 * https://www.britannica.com/topic/ATandT-Corporation Kerri9494 (talk) 13:34, 7 June 2023 (UTC)

== Alexander Graham Bell (/ˈɡreɪ.əm/, born Alexander Bell; March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922)[4] was a Scottish-born[N 1] Canadian-American inventor, scientist and engineer who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone. He also co-founded the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) in 1885 ==

Alexander Graham Bell (/ˈɡreɪ.əm/, born Alexander Bell; March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was a Scottish-born Canadian-American inventor, scientist and engineer who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone. He also co-founded the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) in 1885 79.139.168.230 (talk) 08:15, 10 May 2024 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 26 June 2024
An edit to the article. I have the original letter from Alexander Graham Bell, dated at Washington March 28th, 1916, and addressed to T.H. Preston, Esq. The letter is in reference to the invention of the Bell Telephone over the years 1874 - 1876 between Brantford, Ontario and Boston, Mass.

In this primary resource A.G. Bell refers to Brantford as his "thinking place", not his "dreaming place," which is stated in the Wikipedia article. LauraCaroline24 (talk) 20:17, 26 June 2024 (UTC)

 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: Sources must be available to the public per WP:PUBLISHED. Ligaturama (talk) 15:30, 1 July 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Alexander Graham Bell


text:
Talk:Apache Xalan

Xalan in what languages?
Xalan is written in Java. Are there implementation of XALAN written in other languages as well?

Yes: C++

Pronounciation?
How do most pronounce this word? I've heard: Ex-a-Lahn and Zy-lan...

Please add information translating from german
There are a more complete page in http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xalan — Preceding unsigned comment added by 179.234.179.107 (talk) 09:27, 4 March 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Apache Xalan


text:
Wikipedia talk:TeX markup

Bold vectors
I don't know if this is the right page to bring this up, but is there a way the -environments could have support for bold vectors?

Apparently you have to introduce a command to do this, such as \renewcommand{\v}[1]{\mathbf{#1}} (taken from http://www.maths.abdn.ac.uk/~jrp/latex_course/firststeps/page5.htm ), but I can't get this to work in an individual formula. Perhaps a similar command should be globally defined? --Martin

The answer is given in the (UK TeX user group's FAQ. In short use either of the packages bm.sty or amsbsy.sty. --Anon

 * Note that there is a standard macro \vec for vectors in LaTeX. If Wikipedia wants to use boldface for vectors, they should  \renewcommand{\vec}[1]{\mathbf{#1}}.   (This would allow you to change vector formatting down the road, or for different publication venues.)  Don't encourage bad LaTeX habits, and please use \vec for vectors!  -- Steven G. Johnson.

 * The problem is that Wikipedia isn't really writing in LaTeX. We'd never be able to know if a \renewcommand wouldn't mess something up (without a full search of all of its uses). -- Toby Bartels 03:52 12 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Which software?
A question: Which TeX software generates the little PNG images? -- Hirzel

The system was written by user:Taw; here's my understanding of it: the formula is first parsed and validated by an Ocaml program called texvc. If texvc decides that the formula should be rendered by TeX, the TeX interpreter will be called (it uses the amstex or amslatex package) and produces a dvi file, which dvips converts to postscript. The program ghostscript then converts it into png. Maybe imagemagick is also involved as the last step, I don't know. AxelBoldt 22:02 Jan 7, 2003 (UTC)

 * Will these conversion scripts also be included in the Wikimedia software download? I think this kind of functionality makes wikis a lot more attractive to scientists (who are used do doing their formulas with TEX).  I suspect a lot of people (and that includes myself) would like to set up intranet sites with this TEX-aware wiki... --Martin
 * Yes, texvc is included in the Wikipedia source repository and should be in the downloadable snapshot. There are some dependencies, which are noted in the README, but it's all free software. (TEX, ImageMagick, OCaml, GNU Ghostscript) --Brion

 * texvc doesn't call ghostscript directly, but it calls ImageMagick and ImageMagick in turn calls ghostscript. Taw 17:19 Jan 13, 2003 (UTC)

Ksi?
How can I make a Ksi greek symbol? (It seems Wiki Markup does't know this letter). You know, Ksi likes this: [|] if you view from <- |-:< here. Gubbubu

$$ \Ksi $$ $$ \Chsi $$ $$ \Csi $$ $$ \Khsi $$ $$ \Xi $$ ?

You see, all these are failed.

 * You seem to have answered your own questions---\Xi and \xi give $$\Xi$$ and $$\xi$$. I remember this being the spelling that TeX uses. If it's not displaying for you, change your math preferences to use images. (So you'll get $$\Xi\,\!$$.) grendel|khan 14:07, 2004 Dec 12 (UTC)

Upright Greek
Why is it that the TeX macros for the uppercase Greek letters which are not ordinarily defined in plain TeX or LaTeX result in slanted letter shapes? I'm talking about the difference between

 * $$\Alpha \Beta \Epsilon\!\,$$

on the one hand (not part of plain TeX, slanted), and

 * $$\Gamma \Delta \Theta\!\,$$

on the other (part of plain TeX, upright). Shouldn't \Alpha be defined as something like

\def\Alpha{\mathrm{A}}

instead? --MarkSweep 06:08, 23 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Well, \Alpha isn't defined in plain TeX or LaTeX. (I just checked.) Must be something in texvc. I'd submit a bug to Bugzilla on this one. grendel|khan 09:59, 2004 Dec 23 (UTC)

 * Yes, I see it's defined that way in . I'll file a bug report. --MarkSweep 21:13, 23 Dec 2004 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia talk:TeX markup


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User:Rolken

(By AnnieKat)

Like myself, Rolken resides in Plano, TX. He has a mother, a father, a sister, and a pet horseshoe crab. He's obsessed with Pokemon and Sonic the Hedgehog, and he can't wait for the new versions, Ruby and Sapphire.

Rolken is quite a character on Azure Heights. He's responsible for deriving the formula used to determine experience points necessary for levels on "Parabolic" growth Pokemon. (He argues that the pattern is not actually parabolic, it is cubic.)

(This paragraph added by Spinballwizard) Rolken also runs a website, The Sonic Center, which holds time attack competitions in almost every Sonic the Hedgehog game. TSC (as it is known) also hosts videos, guides, and maps for most games on the site, in addition to the rankings.

Why do I know all this? He's my best friend, of course!

Welcome to Wikipedia, Rolken.

(This paragraph added by flyby). (AnnieKat is his ex). Rolken doesn't really play Pokemon at all anymore, though he does frequent AzureHeights from time to time still. He is majoring in Astronomy at BYU, which just so happens to not be in Plano, but Provo, UT. He has aspirations to become a cosmologist. He is a genius and can learn things very quickly, and forget what he ate as soon as he ate it. Hey, geniuses usually have a specific area of expertise. Eh, that is not all, but good enough for a basic bio.

title: User:Rolken


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Jimmy Yancey

James Edward Yancey (February 20, c. 1895 – September 17, 1951) was an American boogie-woogie pianist, composer, and lyricist. One reviewer described him as "one of the pioneers of this raucous, rapid-fire, eight-to-the-bar piano style".

Biography
Jimmy Yancey was born in Chicago, Illinois, most likely in 1895. However, at different times he stated 1900 and 1903, and other sources give 1894 or 1898. Researchers Bob Eagle and Eric LeBlanc suggest 1901.

His brother, Alonzo Yancey (1897–1944), was also a pianist, and their father was a vaudeville guitarist and singer. By age ten, Yancey had toured across the United States as a tap dancer and singer, and by twenty he had toured throughout Europe. He began teaching himself to play the piano at the age of 15, and by 1915 had gained a sufficient profile to influence younger musicians, including Meade Lux Lewis and Albert Ammons.

Yancey played in a boogie-woogie style, with a strong-repeated figure in the left hand and melodic decoration in the right, but his playing was delicate and subtle rather than hard driving. He popularized the left-hand figure that became known as the "Yancey bass", later used in Pee Wee Crayton's "Blues After Hours", Guitar Slim's "The Things That I Used to Do", and many other songs. Yancey favored keys—such as E-flat and A-flat—that were atypical for barrelhouse blues. Distinctively, he ended many pieces in the key of E-flat, even if he had played in a different key until the ending.

Although influential from an early age, Yancey did not record at all in his early career, performing only at house parties and clubs. His first recordings, in 1939, created a considerable stir in blues and jazz circles. He made most of his recordings solo, but later in his career he recorded with his wife, Estelle Yancey, singing, as Jimmy and Mama Yancey. They appeared in concert at Carnegie Hall in 1948, and recorded their first album in 1951, released by Atlantic Records the following year. During World War I, Yancey played baseball for the Chicago All-Americans, a Negro league baseball team. From 1925 to 1950, he worked as a groundskeeper for the Chicago White Sox.

Death
Jimmy Yancey died of a diabetes-induced stroke in his native Chicago on September 17, 1951, and was buried at Lincoln Cemetery in Blue Island, Illinois. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1986.

Selected albums

 * 1974, The Immortal Jimmy Yancey 1898–1951, Oldie Blues, OL 2802
 * 1980, The Immortal Jimmy Yancey 1898–1951, vol. 2, Oldie Blues, OL 2813

Legacy and influence
In 1973, the Dutch composer Louis Andriessen premiered On Jimmy Yancey, a two-movement work scored for nine wind instruments, piano and double bass. Andriessen observed that Yancey was not merely one of the pioneers of the boogie-woogie piano style. "The leaping left hand of Ragtime changed into a monotonous repeating train-like figure, which in fact was more melodious than the Ragtime bass. In the first movement, three Yancey themes are quoted; the second is a kind of In Memoriam. Both movements end with a typical boogie-woogie lick, with which Yancey unexpectedly ends all his recordings. He probably did this at a sign from the producer, when the three minutes which a 78 side could hold were up, because boogie-woogie pianists habitually played for hours on end in the bars to entertain the white bourgeoisie."

title: Jimmy Yancey


text:
Louis Jordan

Louis Thomas Jordan (July 8, 1908 – February 4, 1975) was an American saxophonist, multi-instrumentalist, songwriter and bandleader who was popular from the late 1930s to the early 1950s. Known as "the King of the Jukebox", he earned his highest profile towards the end of the swing era. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as an "early influence" in 1987.

Specializing in the alto sax, Jordan played all forms of the saxophone, as well as piano and clarinet. He also was a talented singer with great comedic flair, and fronted his own band for more than twenty years. He duetted with some of the biggest solo singing stars of his time, including Bing Crosby, Ella Fitzgerald and Louis Armstrong.

Jordan was also an actor and a film personality. He appeared in 14 three-minute Soundies filmed for "movie jukeboxes" of the 1940s. He also worked as a specialty act in the Hollywood theatrical features Follow the Boys and Swing Parade of 1946. His very successful musical short Caldonia (1945) prompted three more feature films, all starring Jordan and his band: Beware; Reet, Petite and Gone; and Look-Out Sister.

Jordan began his career in big-band swing jazz in the 1930s, but he became known as an innovative popularizer of jump blues, a swinging, up-tempo, dance-oriented hybrid of jazz, blues and boogie-woogie. Typically performed by smaller bands consisting of five or six players, jump music featured shouted, highly syncopated vocals and earthy, comedic lyrics on contemporary urban themes. It strongly emphasized the rhythm section of piano, bass and drums; after the mid-1940s, this mix was often augmented by electric guitar. Jordan's band also pioneered the use of the electronic organ.

With his dynamic Tympany Five bands, Jordan mapped out the main parameters of the classic R&B, urban blues and early rock-and-roll genres with a series of highly influential 78-rpm discs released by Decca Records. These recordings presaged many of the styles of black popular music of the late 1940s, 1950s and 1960s and exerted a strong influence on many leading performers in these genres. Many of his records were produced by Milt Gabler, who went on to refine and develop the qualities of Jordan's recordings in his later production work with Bill Haley, including "Rock Around the Clock".

Jordan ranks fifth in the list of the most successful African-American recording artists according to Joel Whitburn's analysis of Billboard magazine's R&B chart, and was the most popular rhythm and blues artist with his "jump blues" recordings of the pre-rock n' roll era. Though comprehensive sales figures are not available, he had at least four million-selling hits during his career. Jordan regularly topped the R&B "race" charts, achieving the Number 1 slot eighteen times, with 113 weeks in that spot over the years. He was also one of the first black recording artists to achieve significant crossover in popularity with the predominantly white mainstream American audience, having simultaneous Top Ten hits on the pop charts on several occasions.

Life and career
Jordan was born on July 8, 1908, in Brinkley, Arkansas. His father, James Aaron Jordan, was a music teacher and bandleader for the Brinkley Brass Band and the Rabbit Foot Minstrels. His mother, Adell, died when Louis was young. He was raised by his grandmother Maggie Jordan and his aunt Lizzie Reid. Under the tutelage of his father, Jordan began studying clarinet at age seven, then saxophone. In his teens he was a member of the Rabbit Foot Minstrels and was playing professionally in the late 1920s. In the early 1930s he played in Philadelphia and New York City with Charlie Gaines. He recorded with Clarence Williams and briefly was a member of the Stuff Smith orchestra. With the Chick Webb orchestra he sang and played alto saxophone. In 1938 he started a band that recorded a year later as the Tympany Five.

Jordan's first band, drawn mainly from members of the Jesse Stone band, was a nine-piece group that he reduced to a sextet after being hired for a residency at the Elks Rendezvous club at 464 Lenox Avenue in Harlem. The band consisted of Jordan (saxes, vocals), Courtney Williams (trumpet), Lem Johnson (tenor sax), Clarence Johnson (piano), Charlie Drayton (bass), and Walter Martin (drums). In his first billing as the Elks Rendez-vous Band, his name was spelled "Louie" so people could avoid pronouncing it "Lewis". In 1942, Jordan and his band moved to Los Angeles, where he began making soundies, the precursors of music video. He appeared on many Jubilee radio shows and a series of programs for the Armed Forces Radio for distribution to American troops overseas. Jordan's career was uninterrupted by the draft except for a four-week Army camp tour. Because of a "hernia condition" he was classified "4F".

During the 1940s Jordan and the band became popular with such hits as "Choo Choo Ch'Boogie", "Knock Me a Kiss", "Is You Is or Is You Ain't My Baby", and "Five Guys Named Moe". He recorded with Ella Fitzgerald, Bing Crosby, and Louis Armstrong and appeared in films. Within a year of his breakthrough, the Tympany Five's appearance fee rose from $350 to $2,000 per night. But the breadth of Jordan's success and the size of his combo had larger implications for the music industry. The blues singer Gatemouth Moore said, "He was playing...with five pieces. That ruined the big bands ... He could play just as good and just as loud with five as 17. And it was cheaper."

Jordan's raucous recordings were notable for the use of fantastical narrative. This is perhaps best exemplified on "Saturday Night Fish Fry", a two-part 1950 hit that was split across both sides of a 78-rpm record. It was one of the first popular songs to use the word "rocking" in the chorus and to feature a distorted electric guitar. Many sources describe this recording, and some others by Jordan, as "jump blues", because "it literally made its listeners jump to its pulsing beat", according to NPR. One source states that "Saturday Night Fish Fry" had a "lively jump rhythm, call-and-response chorus and double-string electric guitar riffs that Chuck Berry would later admit to copying".

Jordan is described by the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as "The Father of Rhythm & Blues" and "The Grandfather of Rock 'n' Roll". The Hall also states that "Saturday Night Fish Fry" is "an early example of rap and possibly the first rock and roll recording". Not all critics agree with the importance of his work as a rock and roll influence. For example, Rolling Stone (magazine) offers this take on Jordan's recordings from the late 1940s: "... the early idol of both Berry and Bill Haley, came closest, but his jump 'n' jive story songs were aimed as much at adults as teens, and any hillbilly flavor in his records was strictly a comedic device". The article agrees with Sam Phillips that rock and roll "specifically addressed and was tailored to teenagers".

Another source describes Jordan's jump blues style as combining "good-natured novelty lyrics (some with suggestive double meanings); [pushing] the tempo; [strengthening] the beat; [layering] the sound with his bluesy saxophone and playful melodies."

During this period Jordan again placed more than a dozen songs on the national charts. However, Louis Jordan and His Tympany Five dominated the 1940s R&B charts, or (as they were known at the time) the "race" charts. In this period Jordan had eighteen number 1 singles and fifty-four in the Top Ten. According to Joel Whitburn's analysis of the Billboard magazine charts, Jordan ranks fifth among the most successful musicians of the period 1942–1995. From July 1946 through May 1947, Jordan had five consecutive number one songs, holding the top slot for 44 consecutive weeks.

Jordan's popularity was boosted not only by his hit Decca records but also by his prolific recordings for Armed Forces Radio and the V-Disc transcription program, which helped to make him popular with whites and blacks. He starred in short musical films and made "soundies" for his hit songs.

Jordan was certainly a significant figure in the development of rhythm and blues. According to the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame, he and Big Joe Turner laid the foundation for R&B in the 1940s, "cutting one swinging rhythm & blues masterpiece after another". Stepping away from his rhythm and blues style, Jordan started a big band in the early 1950s that was unsuccessful. Illness kept him near home in Arizona throughout the 1950s.

In 1952, Jordan performed on June 1 at Wrigley Field in Los Angeles for the eighth Cavalcade of Jazz concert produced by Leon Hefflin, Sr. Jordan and His Tympany Five returned for the tenth Cavalcade of Jazz concert on June 20, 1954.

Jordan signed with Aladdin for which he recorded 21 songs in early 1954. Nine singles were released from these sessions; three of the songs were not released. In 1955, he recorded with "X" Records, a subsidiary of RCA which changed its name to Vik Records while Jordan was with them. Three singles were by released by "X" and one by Vik; four tracks were not released. In these sessions Jordan intensified his sound to compete with rock and roll. In 1956, Mercury signed Jordan and released two albums and a handful of singles. His first album for Mercury, Somebody Up There Digs Me (1956), showcased updated rock-and-roll versions of previous hits such as "Ain't Nobody Here but Us Chickens", "Caldonia", "Choo Choo Ch'Boogie", "Salt Pork, West Virginia", and "Beware!" Mercury intended this to be a comeback for Jordan, but it was not commercially successful, and the label let him go in 1958. Jordan later expressed his dislike of rock 'n' roll and commented "A lot of companies have asked me to record, but they insisted that I go into rock 'n' roll, and I didn't want to change my style". He recorded sporadically in the 1960s for Warwick (1960), Black Lion (1962), Tangerine (1962–1965), and Pzazz (1968) and in the early 1970s for Black & Blue (1973), Blues Spectrum (1973), and JSP (1974).

In the early 1960s he toured in England with Chris Barber. Speaking in 2012, Barber recalled seeing Jordan at the Apollo Theater in New York: "playing with him was just frightening. It's a bit like an amateur guitar player from a back street who has just bought a Spanish guitar, working with Segovia. He didn't make you feel small, but he was just so perfect in what he did. ... I still remember watching him singing, but he would accompany himself on the alto, and you were convinced he was playing the alto while he was singing. ... the breath hadn't gone from his last word before he was playing his alto and it seemed to be simultaneous. ... He got a very raw deal from history ... In the Chick Webb band there were two regular singers – Ella and Louis Jordan. And yet really history has consigned him to just being a comedy vocal thing with a bit of rock and roll, and the first alto ... but he was such a consummately good singer that it's sad that he wasn't known more for it."

Jordan remade some of his top hits for a 1973 LP, I Believe in Music: "Caldonia," "Is You Is or Is You Ain't My Baby," "Saturday Night Fish Fry" and "I'm Gonna Move to the Outskirts of Town". New material was also added.

According to a Billboard book, cited by the Blues Hall of Fame, Jordan had "18 No. 1 hits on the race and R&B charts spent a total of 113 weeks in the top slot, almost twice as many weeks as any other artist in the history of rhythm & blues".

One publication of the Smithsonian Institution provided this summary of Jordan's music."One important stylistic prototype in the development of R&B was jump blues, pioneered by Louis Jordan, with his group Louis Jordan and His Tympany Five. Jordan’s group ... consisted of three horns and a rhythm section, while stylistically his music melded elements of swing and blues, incorporating the shuffle rhythm, boogie-woogie bass lines, and short horn patterns or riffs. The songs featured the use of African American vernacular language, humor, and vocal call-and-response sections between Jordan and the band. Jordan’s music appealed to both African American and white audiences, and he had broad success with hit songs like 'Is You Is or Is You Ain’t My Baby' (1944)."

Films
Jordan and the Tympany Five perform "Deacon Jones" in the 1944 film Meet Miss Bobby Socks.

The release of the 1945 musical short film Caldonia boosted Jordan's career due to roadshow screenings in support of his live performance. In addition to his performances in other mainstream films, such as Follow the Boys (1944), Jordan's appearance in Caldonia (1945) and that film's success led to roles for him in other race films, including those made by Astor Pictures: Beware! (1946), Reet, Petite, and Gone (1947), and Look-Out Sister (1947).

His prolific use of film as a promotional vehicle broke new ground, garnering praise from Billboard, which wrote, "The movies have helped the one-nighters, which have also been helped by recordings, which have also helped the movies, which in turn have become more profitable. It's a delicious circle, and other bands are now exploring the possibilities."

Marriages
Jordan was married five times. His first wife Julia (also called Julie) was from Arkadelphia, Arkansas. Soon after their wedding Julia gave birth to a daughter, Patty, who turned out to be another man's child. In 1932, Jordan met Ida Fields, a Texas-born singer and dancer, in Hot Springs. They married that year. Ida was six years his senior and a member of a traveling dance troupe called the Florida Orange Blossoms. Ida sued Jordan for bigamy in 1943. He claimed she was aware that he was still married. Ida was awarded a $70,000 judgment, later reduced to $30,000. She began billing herself as "Mrs. Louis Jordan, Queen of the Blues, and her Orchestra" before Jordan stopped it by stalling payments. In another court case, Ida was awarded a settlement of $50,000. In 1942, Jordan married his childhood sweetheart, Fleecie Moore; they were later divorced. In 1947, Fleecie discovered Jordan was having an affair with dancer Florence "Vicky" Hayes and attacked him with a knife. She was arrested and charged with assault. Jordan married Vicky on November 14, 1951, in Providence, Rhode Island; they separated in 1960.

He married Martha Weaver, a singer and dancer from St. Louis, in 1966. Weaver being a Catholic, Jordan sometimes attended Mass with her on Sundays, though he was raised a Baptist.

Financial problems
Jordan's popularity and success had waned by 1953. By that time, "rock 'n' roll had captured the world's attention, and Jordan's jumping R&B became a thing of the past". While he continued performing, this did not generate the level of income that million selling recordings had provided.

In 1961, the Internal Revenue Service filed an income tax lien against Jordan. As a result, he sold property well below its worth to pay off debts. Musician Ike Turner stated in his autobiography, Takin' Back My Name, that he heard about his tax problems and contacted Jordan's booking agency in Chicago. Turner convinced the president of the company to send Jordan a check for $20,000. Jordan was unaware of this deed.

Jordan wrote or co-wrote many of the songs he performed, but he did not benefit financially from them. Many of the hit songs he wrote, including "Caldonia", were credited to his wife Fleecie Moore to avoid an existing publishing arrangement. Their marriage was acrimonious and short-lived. After their divorce she retained ownership of the songs. However, Jordan may have taken credit for some songs written by others—he is credited as the co-writer of "Saturday Night Fish Fry", but the Tympany Five pianist Bill Doggett claimed he wrote it.

Death
Jordan died of a heart attack on February 4, 1975, in Los Angeles. He is buried at Mt. Olive Catholic Cemetery in St. Louis, Missouri, the hometown of his wife Martha.

Awards and legacy
On June 23, 2008, the United States House of Representatives passed a resolution introduced by Arkansas Representative Vic Snyder honoring Jordan on the centenary of his birth.

The United States Postal Service featured Jordan and his film for Caldonia in 2008 as part of its tribute to Vintage Black Cinema. "Vivid reminders of a bygone era will be celebrated in June through Vintage Black Cinema stamps based on five vintage movie posters. Whether spotlighting the talents of entertainment icons or documenting changing social attitudes and expectations, these posters now serve a greater purpose than publicity and promotion. They are invaluable pieces of history, preserving memories of cultural phenomena that otherwise might have been forgotten. The stamp pane was designed by Carl Herrman of Carlsbad, California."

The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame states that two of the most important originators of Rhythm and blues were Joe Turner and Louis Jordan, with his Tympany Five. The two artists helped to lay "the foundation for R&B in the 1940s, cutting one swinging rhythm & blues masterpiece after another". The Hall also describes Jordan as "the Father of Rhythm & Blues," "the Grandfather of Rock 'n' Roll" and "King of the Juke Boxes". Another source states that with Caldonia (1945), Jordan was "already crafting the classic rock ‘n’ roll sound". The Hall of Fame considers "his classic “Saturday Night Fish Fry” (1949) as an early example of rap and possibly the first rock and roll recording".

The Blues Foundation hints that Jordan was a precursor to R&B: "Louis Jordan was the biggest African-American star of his era and that his "Caldonia" reached "the top of the Race Records chart, as it was known prior to the introduction of term Rhythm & Blues in 1949".

Some have suggested that Chuck Berry modeled his musical approach on Jordan's. Berry changed the lyric content from black life to teenage life, and substituted cars and girls for Jordan's primary motifs of food, drink, money and girls. Berry's iconic opening riff on "Johnny B. Goode" bears a striking similarity to the intro played by the guitarist Carl Hogan on the 1946 hit "Ain't That Just Like a Woman"; Berry has acknowledged the debt in interviews. Other sources also indicate that Little Richard was influenced by Jordan. In fact, the artist said Caldonia was the first non-gospel song he learned; and the shriek (or "whoop") on the Jordan record "sounds eerily like the vocal tone Little Richard would adopt", in addition to the "Jordan-style pencil-thin moustache". James Brown and Ray Charles also said that Jordan's style had an influence on their work.

B.B. King recorded an album called Let the Good Times Roll: The Music of Louis Jordan. The band included Earl Palmer, drums, Dr. John, piano, Hank Crawford, alto sax, David "Fathead" Newman, tenor sax, and Marcus Belgrave, trumpet.

Jordan was inducted into both the National Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame and the Blues Hall of Fame; and in 2018 he posthumously received a Grammy Award for lifetime achievement. The Academy believes that he "led the way for rock and roll in the 50’s. His recordings in the GRAMMY Hall Of Fame include: 'Ain't Nobody Here But Us Chickens', 'Caldonia Boogie', 'Choo Choo Ch'Boogie', and 'Let The Good Times Roll’".

According to Cleveland.com, "Louis Jordan had a profound impact on several African-American music genres that evolved during the first half of the 20th century ... He helped make jump blues, jazz and boogie-woogie mainstream forces. Jordan’s legendary work would serve as a precursor to modern blues, rock and roll and R&B music".

In 1990, Five Guys Named Moe, a musical built around the songs of Louis Jordan, opened in London's West End and ran for over four years, winning a Laurence Olivier Award. It opened on Broadway in 1992 and received 2 Tony Award nominations. Tours and revivals have continued into the 2020s.

title: Louis Jordan