text:
Talk:Hudson's Bay Company

Changes to lead and 21st century section
Hello. I am Alexandra, and I am requesting the following edits to move some content from the Introduction into the 21st century section, as well as add new content with sources, also to the 21st century section.
 * 1) Please move the following two sentences from the Introduction and place them as a second paragraph in the 21st century section. The sentences are more appropriate as part of the body of the article and not the type of information found in the Introduction:
 * 2) *"It had been a member of the International Association of Department Stores from 2001 to 2005."
 * 3) * "The company's namesake business division is Hudson's Bay, commonly referred to as The Bay (La Baie in French)."
 * 4) Please move the following sentence, with a minor edit, from the Intro to the beginning of the second paragraph (the paragraph that begins with "On 26 January 2006, the HBC's board...") in the 21st century section. It is also better placed in the body of the article than in the Introduction. It is clear from the context that the company is no longer Canadian owned so we can also remove the second half of that sentence: "In 2006, an American businessman, Jerry Zucker, bought HBC for US$1.1 billion."
 * 5) In the third paragraph of the 21st century section, after the words "On 16 July 2008, the company was sold" please add the phrase "for slightly higher than US$1.1 billion "
 * 6) Add the following to the end of the fourth paragraph in the 21st century section: "In March 2020, Baker and a group of shareholders were successful in taking the company private. "

Thank you very much for all your help, Alexandra for HBC (talk) 17:43, 13 October 2021 (UTC)
 * Hi, I will take a look at these and get back to you about what is possible.MaskedSinger (talk) 10:57, 24 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Hi . Thanks, that would be great. Alexandra for HBC (talk) 21:00, 3 January 2022 (UTC)
 * Yellow check.svg Partly done: Hi. Went out on a limb and implemented some of this, hope it's OK, . I find The second sentence ("La Baie", etc) us relevant for the lede. Furthermore, I tweaked your second request, as the share price was unreferenced anyway, but I believe my edits should satisfy the theme of the request. PK650 (talk) 07:38, 2 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Thanks for doing this! It's more than ok. Life took over (ie COVID) and I didn't get around to this. Please feel free to take this over while I admire your handiwork. It's a privilege to meet you and I hope we cross paths again :) MaskedSinger (talk) 16:24, 2 February 2022 (UTC)
 * , you're too kind! Hope to see you around PK650 (talk) 06:59, 3 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Hi . Thanks so much for implementing my edit request. I also have an outstanding edit request on Talk:Richard A. Baker (businessman), who is the CEO of Hudson's Bay. Any help you can render over there would be much appreciated. Thanks again. Alexandra for HBC (talk) 13:54, 9 February 2022 (UTC)

Edits to the Intro section
Hi. This is Alexandra and I have a few more edits I would like to have made to the Introduction. I am calling on who has been helpful on this page in the past.
 * 1) In the first paragraph, please change "for much of its existence" to "in its early years." This is more specific and less subjective.
 * 2) In the sixth paragraph, which begins "In 2008" please change the third sentence from "HBC's head office is currently located in Brampton, Ontario," to " HBC's headquarters are located in Toronto, New York and Brampton, Ontario."
 * 3) Please add the following phrase to the end of the next (last) sentence in the Intro: " until Baker and a group of shareholders took the company private. "
 * 4) Please add the following two paragraphs to the end of the Intro section:
 * HBC is now the majority owner of ecommerce companies Saks and Saks Off 5th,  both established as separate operating companies in 2021.   HBC also wholly owns SFA, the entity that operates Saks Fifth Avenue's physical locations;  O5, the operating company for Saks Off 5th stores;  The Bay, an ecommerce marketplace and Hudson’s Bay, the operating company for Hudson’s Bay’s brick-and-mortar stores.

 * HBC also owns or controls, either entirely or with joint venture partners, approximately 40 million square feet of gross leasable real estate through its real estate and investment arm, HBC Properties and Investments, established in October 2020.

Thanks so much for your help. Alexandra for HBC (talk) 15:39, 7 March 2022 (UTC)
 * To push back, on 1) neither term is less subjective. The company was founded in 1670 what does early years mean? It was primarily a fur trading business from that point until well into the 20th century—nearly 400 years, and has not been primarily a fur trading company for less than one quarter of that time. Walter Görlitz (talk) 16:12, 7 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Yellow check.svg Partly done: Thank you for your patience. I agree with Walter Görlitz re the first point. I'll need an independent source for #2; the rest was implemented with minor modifications. PK650 (talk) 03:57, 17 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Hi . Thanks for your help with the above edits. I would like to suggest new wording for the sentence about the locations of the headquarters. I have supplied independent sources as you asked. I would like to point out that HBC no longer has an office in Brampton, and the new wording for the sentence reflects this. This source shows that the company moved its headquarters from Brampton to Toronto in 2020. The new sentence should say: "HBC's Canadian headquarters are located in Toronto and its U.S. headquarters are in New York. "

 * I also have the following edits I would appreciate if you could implement:
 * In the lead, in the paragraph that begins "In 2008, HBC was acquired by NRDC..."Please add the following directly after "Lord & Taylor." "At that time, Richard A. Baker became its executive chairman and governor. He took over as CEO in March 2020. "
 * Please add the following to the end of the first part of the 21st century section, right after the sentence "In March 2020, Baker and a group of shareholders were successful in taking the company private." Please begin a new paragraph: "Aside from Saks Fifth Avenue and Saks Off Fifth, HBC sold most of its other American operations by mid-2019, and sold Lord & Taylor in August 2019 to Le Tote for $75 million. They sold some of its European operations by August 2019 and its remaining stores, in the Netherlands,  were closed by the end of 2019. "

 * Thanks so much for all your help. Alexandra for HBC (talk) 14:15, 22 March 2022 (UTC)
 * I took care of it. Thank you for providing the requested sourcing. PK650 (talk) 07:57, 1 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Hi . Thanks again for all your help with the above edits. Thanks too for offering to look at my edit request for Richard A Baker as well, whenever you have time. Alexandra for HBC (talk) 14:00, 4 April 2022 (UTC)

Michigan
I feel that the fact that Michigan's flag has an elk and moose from the Hudson Bay Company's coat of arms should be included somewhere, but the location it should be is a mystery to me. 173.64.103.212 (talk) 20:59, 22 September 2022 (UTC)

 * This is highly dubious for a couple reasons. (1) No part of Michigan was ever part of the HBC's territory. (2) The HBC coat of arms has neither an elk nor a moose. It has four beavers, a squirrel and "two bucks", i.e. male deer. Indefatigable (talk) 23:59, 22 September 2022 (UTC)

Weak section: 1820-1840 period West of the Rockies
1 - Currently describes only nowadays US locations: Fort George (Astoria), Fort Vancouver, Fort Boise, Fort Hall, Yerba Buena trading post, Hawaii store and Northern California Siskiyou Trail 2 - Misses on other important nowadays US locations: Fort Nez Perce, Fort Colville, Fort Umpqua, Fort Nisqually, Cowlitz Prairie (farm) and other PSAC locations 3 - Entirely missed nowadays Canada/southern BC (Fort Langley and Fort Yale), northern coast up to Alaska, fur rich New Caledonia and central BC (Fort Alexandria hub). Also missed on cross-border brigades to York Factory, on the important Russia-America Company (RAC) agreement, on the SS Beaver first steamship to roam through the Pacific Northwest coastline and on the Red River colony Sinclair expedition to settle southern Washington. LeCanardQuoi (talk) 17:57, 25 September 2023 (UTC)

LeCanardQuoi (talk) Completed today a major revision of the 19th century section covering the Pacific Northwest as per planned change notice. Mackie is the main reference for the revision along with countless existing Wikipedia articles expanding on the HBC presence.

title: Talk:Hudson's Bay Company


text:
Talk:Bernicia

National nomicultural spellings.
See the E.B.K. web-site's spellings!

  --86.29.249.107 01:23, 15 October 2007 (UTC)

Kings of Bernicia
In the Kings of Bernicia section, the kings on the left, their order and dates of rule, are almost completely contradictory to the photo of a list of kings of Bernicia from a 19th century book on the right.

Which is the correct list? What is the source for the dates of rule on the left?

Boernicia
I landed on this page as a result a redirect from Boernicians but this word, or even 'Boernicia', doesn't appear anywhere. Can anyone explain the alternate spelling and confirm that the article is correctly redirected? --Douglas (talk) 19:28, 9 January 2008 (UTC)

 * Well, Boernicia/Boernician/Boernicians are very rare words. Sufficiently rare to seem like a probable typo for Bernicia/Bernician/Bernicians. Boernicia/&c find only one entry on Google books/scholar. Redirecting it here seemed like a reasonable alternative to deleting it. Angus McLellan (Talk) 19:38, 9 January 2008 (UTC)

I too, am interested in the history, as I am a Boernician, with little known other than they appear and were A border Race between Scotland, England and Wales. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2600:1003:B116:11D7:AD62:A129:169C:DF5A (talk) 05:56, 9 December 2015 (UTC)

Utter dribble to state boernicains where from Norway. That's the same Irish mentality that created all the Irish myths. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.13.207.40 (talk) 13:26, 27 April 2019 (UTC)

English names!
It's Æðelfriþ not Æthelfrith ! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.29.251.88 (talk) 06:34, 29 January 2008 (UTC)

I agree, 8629251!--86.29.245.106 (talk) 21:10, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

4 Kings
I think there are 4 obscure kings like, Inse son of Ida (579), who are faked up hoax kings.

British section
Does anyone have any information on the Brythonic Bernicia, as suggested in the present article without citation? Certainly the claim that it is derived from a Celtic 'land of mountain passes' is refuted by the topography of the region. Perhaps the section should be removed if there is no confirmation. Opinions? Regards, Notuncurious (talk) 01:36, 13 August 2009 (UTC)

Would you like to expand on your comment that the topography 'certainly' refutes this etymology? Although the terrain is not 'alpine' or 'mountainous', large parts of it are hilly (Cheviots, Lammermuirs). The article does stress that the eminent Jackson's proposed etymology was 'tentative'. Ceartas 01:38, 28 October 2010 (UTC)

 * I think you've made the point quite nicely: " ... the terrain is not 'alpine' or 'mountainous' ...", and "large parts of it are hilly". The suggested etymology of "Land of the Mountain Passes" doesn't fit, "Land of the Gaps" is a stretch. My comment reflects a bit of exasperation with all of the speculative etymologies that get tossed around, even one that is cited to Jackson (and I agree that he is both eminent and worthwhile reading). Regards, Notuncurious (talk) 02:51, 28 October 2010 (UTC)

 * I do agree that 'mountain passes' seems too 'spectacular' for the terrain. Maybe the term 'mountain' is the problem? Even today, Welsh 'hills' are often referred to as 'mountains'! To be fair to the author, there are three caveats re. this etymology: that it is simply 'the most widely cited'; that it is 'tentative'; and that 'no etymology has produced a consensus'. I think there is a place for quoting 'authorities' and sources; if what they say is speculative, this should be made clear to the reader, as is the case here. Regards, Ceartas 12:58, 28 October 2010 (UTC)

I think the suggestion that Brynaich (and variants) represents a "version" of Bernicia adopted into Welsh is curious. From what language would Bernicia have come if not British/Welsh? The British version is almost certainly the original one and to suggest that the Welsh somehow forgot what they used to call it and borrowed a Latinised version of their old name without recognising it is odd. I suggest this is reworded to make it less absurd. 78.146.35.225 (talk) 13:31, 19 December 2010 (UTC)

 * I have tried to make that less absurd, but (frankly) the section needs better citations, which I do not have to hand. Moonraker2 (talk) 13:47, 19 December 2010 (UTC)
 * I don't know who started this nonsense about mountain passes, but the Boernicians were originally from a small mountain area at the top of Norway, They would later be described as the Scots & Vikings that settled into the Craggy hills of what is southern Scotland. There they intermixed with Anglo-Saxons and others.. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.35.136.161 (talk) 04:39, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

So The Boernicians are indeed migrating from flooding doggerlands into higher grounds and the language is old norse. That is all that is known at this time until further research is done of the North Sea floor but this from the point of view of the time and geography would make sense. But the peoples didnt leave behind much as they were aware of the flooding lands. They simply packed up and left through the mountain passages. — Preceding unsigned comment added by D Gordon Atkinson (talk • contribs) 02:12, 25 November 2015 (UTC)

Cumbric in Elmet
Elmet is further South than Cumberland. Do we know that what was spoken in Elmet in the 7th Century was Cumbric rather than Welsh, or that at this time it was possible to differentiate Welsh and Cumbric as seperate languages? 80.176.90.118 (talk) 00:26, 11 October 2012 (UTC)

English please
I am so frustrated. Please forgive me it this sounds angry or strident. I am just really frustrated.

I want to know about the history of the island of Great Britian from 450 a.d. to 1066 a.d. Almost all of the articles covering this in Wikipedia lack maps. It is impossible to follow the history without maps to guide the reader. I realize that a kingdom with a three hundred year lifespan will change its borders significantly. That is why they invented animated gifs.

This article goes beyond simply lacking a map, because indeed it does have a map, but it is labeled in a non-English language. This is the English Wikipedia. There are Wikipedias written in forty-three languages listed in a box on the left side of this page. Move the map to one of them.

I am a clever person and I could not find Bernicia labeled on this map.

Could someone who loves this period of English history please make some nice maps, post them to Wikipedia, and put them into the public domain?

 * As the text explains, "Brynaich" is Bernicia. Zoetropo (talk) 00:39, 14 July 2014 (UTC)

Thanks Nick Beeson (talk) 13:57, 27 January 2013 (UTC)

Final Conquest?
The phrase "when the Angles finally conquered the whole region ... around 604 is likely" is a mite strong, given that from 1067 to 1072 Earl Gospatric ruled not only Bernicia but all of Northumbria from Bambergh, and he was as much a Cumbrian as he was an Angle, a Dane or a Scot.

As an aside, the "Old North", including its language, was very much alive and kicking even after the Norman King William II took over Cumbria in 1092. It took many further centuries for the English Crown to secure control of the North. Zoetropo (talk) 00:39, 14 July 2014 (UTC)

" Is there any sources indicating a subjugation of Elmet? Relevant sources I've read have suggested a marriage/alliance brought Elmet into Northumbria, not warfare."
Ignore this statement in the revision history. I was confusing two different events. However a citation for the relevant sentence in the revision is still needed. 86.5.160.43 (talk) 04:14, 12 February 2022 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Bernicia


text:
John Taylor (bass guitarist)

Nigel John Taylor (born 20 June 1960) is a British musician who is best known as the bass guitarist for new wave band Duran Duran, of which he was a founding member. Duran Duran was one of the most popular bands in the world during the 1980s due in part to their music videos which played in heavy rotation in the early days of MTV. Taylor played with Duran Duran from its founding in 1978 until 1997, when he left to pursue a solo recording and film career. He recorded a dozen solo releases (albums, EPs, and video projects) through his private record label B5 Records over the next four years, had a lead role in the movie Sugar Town, and made appearances in a half dozen other film projects. He rejoined Duran Duran for a reunion of the original five members in 2001 and has remained with the group since.

Taylor was also a member of two supergroups: the Power Station and Neurotic Outsiders.

Early life
Born in Solihull, which was then in Warwickshire, John Taylor grew up in nearby Hollywood, Worcestershire, England. As a child, he attended Our Lady of the Wayside Catholic School and the Abbey High School, in Redditch, wore glasses (due to severe myopia, over -10 dioptres), enjoyed James Bond movies and was interested in the hobby of wargaming with hand-painted model soldiers. In his early teen years, he discovered music, choosing Roxy Music as his favourite band, and before long was collecting records and teaching himself to play the piano. His first band was called Shock Treatment.

1978–1997: Duran Duran and the Power Station
In 1978, Taylor and school friend Nick Rhodes formed Duran Duran with Stephen Duffy while attending the School of Foundation Studies & Experimental Workshop at Birmingham Polytechnic (now Birmingham City University). Soon after, Taylor underwent an "ugly duckling" transformation—ditching the glasses for contact lenses, adopting the ruffles and sashes of the fashion that would become known as the New Romantic style, and learning to wear eyeliner and lipstick. He stopped using the name "Nigel", and has been known throughout his professional career as John Taylor.

Taylor played guitar when Duran Duran was founded, but switched to bass guitar after discovering the funky rhythms of Chic, and learned to enjoy playing in the rhythm section with Duran's newly recruited drummer Roger Taylor. He has frequently cited Chic's Bernard Edwards and the Clash's Paul Simonon as his strongest influences, in addition to Paul McCartney, James Jamerson, and Roxy Music players Graham Simpson and John Porter. Duran Duran released their first album in 1981, and went on to worldwide success in the early 1980s.

In 1985, after recording the theme song to the Bond movie A View to a Kill, Duran Duran split into two side projects. John Taylor and guitarist Andy Taylor joined forces with former Chic drummer Tony Thompson and Robert Palmer, who earlier met at Duran Duran's charity concert at Villa Park 1983, to form the band the Power Station. With the guidance of producer Bernard Edwards, they released one album, The Power Station, which produced the hit singles "Some Like It Hot" and the T. Rex cover song "Bang a Gong (Get It On)". That year, Taylor also launched his first solo effort, recording the single "I Do What I Do..." for the soundtrack to the movie 9½ Weeks starring Kim Basinger. He also wrote some instrumental music for the movie's score with collaborator Jonathan Elias.

When Andy and Roger Taylor left the band, the three remaining members reformed Duran Duran for the 1986 Notorious album, and continued to record and tour throughout the 1990s with new guitarist Warren Cuccurullo.

On 24 December 1991, Taylor married Amanda de Cadenet, who was already pregnant with his daughter Atlanta (born 31 March 1992). He moved from England to Los Angeles to help further his wife's acting career, as well as to escape constant attention from the British tabloids. Taylor's marriage declined even as Duran Duran's star rose with the success of 1993's Duran Duran, also known as The Wedding Album. He and de Cadenet separated in May 1995.

Duran Duran's success rapidly waned with the widely derided 1995 covers album Thank You. Following that album's supporting tour, Duran Duran spent part of the summer of 1995 in London working on the album Medazzaland. Concurrently, Taylor devoted time to the side project Neurotic Outsiders, recording and touring with that band from the end of 1995 through the start of 1996.

1997–2001: Solo music career
In January 1997, Taylor announced at a Duran Duran fan convention that he was leaving the band.

During 1997 and 1998, Taylor built and toured with a band called "John Taylor Terroristen" (Gerry Laffy on guitar, Michael Railton/Tio Banks on keyboard, Larry Aberman on drums, John Amato on sax and flute) which played numerous shows in Southern California before touring the East and West Coasts of the United States. Terroristen released a live EP 5.30.98 and the accompanying video Better Off Alive through the Trust The Process website. After 9/11, Taylor said he would never use the band name "Terroristen" again.

Taylor also began making forays into acting. His long friendship with Allison Anders led to a starring role in her independent film, Sugar Town, in 1998. He also appeared in small roles in several other movies and TV programmes over the next couple of years.

In 1999, Taylor released two albums of earlier material. The first, Résumé, was made up of unreleased music that he and Jonathan Elias had worked on together during the 1985 sessions for the 9½ Weeks movie soundtrack. The second, Meltdown, was a collection of tracks Taylor had laid down in 1992, during the extensive delays in Duran Duran's recording of The Wedding Album.

Later in 1999 Taylor signed a recording contract with the Japanese record label Avex Trax, and released an album labelled simply John Taylor on the cover, but listed in his official discography as The Japan Album. He continued recording for Avex in 2000, and early in 2001 released Techno for Two (featuring the international hit "6,000 Miles" co-written by Matthew Hager), a decidedly non-techno album filled with very personal songs. Shortly after, as talks began for a potential Duran Duran reunion, Taylor decided to create a retrospective package called Retreat into Art demonstrating his development over the previous five years.

Taylor's final solo release, completed after the Duran Duran reunion was under way, was the collection MetaFour released in 2002. It features a 17-minute Q&A interview with fellow bass player Christopher Maloney at Musicians Institute in Hollywood, California.

In October 2012, Taylor released an autobiography called In the Pleasure Groove: Love, Death and Duran Duran. In 2013, the Writers in Treatment organisation awarded Taylor with the "Experience, Strength and Hope" award for his work.

2001–present: Duran Duran reunion
In 2000, Taylor was approached at his home in Los Angeles by singer Simon Le Bon about a possible reunion with the original Duran Duran lineup, and he was enthusiastic about the idea as long as the other Taylors (Roger and Andy, who had left the band in 1986) were willing to rejoin as well. An agreement was soon reached, and Taylor demonstrated his renewed commitment to the band by getting an enormous linked-D's tattoo on the upper side of his right arm.

After a highly successful tour of Japan in 2003, the reunited band was signed with Epic Records, and released the album Astronaut in October 2004. They toured throughout the first half of 2005 before returning to the studio to work on their next new album. Guitarist Andy Taylor left the band again in October 2006, and recordings from this session (with the working title Reportage) were set aside when the band got a chance to work with famed producer Timbaland. The resulting album, Red Carpet Massacre, was released in November 2007. To celebrate its release the band took the unprecedented step of performing the album in its entirety for 10 special performances on Broadway in New York City, with a world tour in 2008.

In December 2010, the band released its 13th studio album, All You Need Is Now, on its own record label, Tapemodern. Initially, an abbreviated version was offered to iTunes, but the physical album arrived in shops in March 2011.

In February 2013, he placed 29th in MusicRadar's greatest bassist poll.

In December 2021, Bass Player magazine awarded Taylor a Lifetime Achievement Award.

Guest appearances
Taylor's side project Neurotic Outsiders has re-convened for an occasional live show or two since a surprise four-show stint at the Viper Room in 1999.

Taylor made his first film appearance outside of Duran Duran as "The Hacker" (alongside then-girlfriend Virginia Hey) in the pilot episode of Timeslip, a 1985 TV programme that was not further developed. He later made a guest appearance in the 1985 Miami Vice episode titled "Whatever Works". In the episode, he, along with Tony Thompson, Andy Taylor, and Michael Des Barres played the Power Station's 1985 hit "Bang a Gong (Get It On)". John was the only band member who had spoken lines, introducing character Sonny Crockett (Don Johnson) to new lead singer Michael Des Barres. Taylor also made cameo appearances in The Flintstones in Viva Rock Vegas, and Politically Incorrect with Bill Maher in 2000, and A Diva's Christmas Carol in 2000 starring Vanessa Williams as the Ghost of Christmas Present, and That '80s Show in 2002. He also appeared on BBC Two comedy panel game Never Mind the Buzzcocks as a panelist in April 2001.

In 2010, he contributed bass to the debut album by Swahili Blonde with ex-Weave! drummer Nicole Turley on the track "Tigress Ritual".

In 2020, he was interviewed in the Michael Cumming/Stewart Lee documentary King Rocker – a film about Robert Lloyd and the Nightingales, in regards to the early punk music scene in Birmingham and his band Shock Treatment.

Personal life
From 1985 to 1989, John dated Danish model Renée Toft Simonsen, to whom he was engaged. John married Amanda De Cadenet at Chelsea Old Town Hall's register office on 24 December 1991, and they had one daughter, Atlanta Noo, on 31 March 1992. They officially separated in May 1995.

In late 1994, Taylor sought treatment for his alcohol and substance abuse, and has remained sober since.

John met his second wife, Gela Nash, co-founder of Juicy Couture, in 1996, and they married in Las Vegas on 27 March 1999.

Taylor and Nash-Taylor reside primarily in Los Angeles, but spend several weeks a year at South Wraxall Manor, which they purchased in 2005. In 2013 Taylor became an American citizen, maintaining dual citizenship.

Studio albums

 * Feelings Are Good and Other Lies (1997)
 * Résumé with Jonathan Elias (1999)
 * Meltdown (1999)
 * The Japan Album (1999)
 * Techno for Two (2001)
 * MetaFour (2002)

with Duran Duran

 * Duran Duran (1981)
 * Rio (1982)
 * Seven and the Ragged Tiger (1983)
 * Notorious (1986)
 * Big Thing (1988)
 * Liberty (1990)
 * The Wedding Album (1993)
 * Thank You (1995)
 * Medazzaland (1997)
 * Astronaut (2004)
 * Reportage (2006; unreleased)
 * Red Carpet Massacre (2007)
 * All You Need Is Now (2010)
 * Paper Gods (2015)
 * Future Past (2021)
 * Danse Macabre (2023)

with the Power Station

 * The Power Station (1985)

with Neurotic Outsiders

 * Neurotic Outsiders (1996)

Live albums

 * (:live cuts) (2000)

Compilation albums

 * Only After Dark with Nick Rhodes (2006)

Box sets

 * Retreat into Art (2001)

Extended plays

 * Autodidact (1997)
 * The Japan EP (2000)
 * Terroristen: Live at the Roxy (2001)

Soundtrack appearances

 * "I Do What I Do" (from 9½ Weeks) (1985)

Film credits

 * 1999 – Sugar Town: Clive
 * 2000 – Four Dogs Playing Poker: Dick
 * 2000 – The Flintstones in Viva Rock Vegas: Keith Richrock
 * 2000 – A Diva's Christmas Carol: Ghost of Christmas Present (VH1)
 * 2001 – Strange Frequency: Jimmy Blitz (VH1)
 * 2001 - Vegas: City of Dreams Byron Lord

title: John Taylor (bass guitarist)


text:
Talk:Republicanism in Australia

Succession law is irrelevant
It was suggested by Mr IP that it would be better to base my objection to G2bambino's edits on the basis of relevance. The Statute of Westminster is not connected to republicanism in Australia. It was not a product of republican sentiment nor did it stir up republicanism in our nation. Perhaps this belongs in a article on colonialism. --Lawe (talk) 08:53, 12 September 2008 (UTC)
 * If succession laws are connected to republicanism in Australia, then the Statute of Westminster becomes relevant, or, are you denying the SoW's provisions that explicitly relate to succession? --G2bambino (talk) 22:52, 14 September 2008 (UTC)
 * Actually, I do deny it, but who cares. Succession is about the monarchy. This article is about Australian Republicanism. --Lawe (talk) 04:50, 15 September 2008 (UTC)
 * So, then, you propose to remove all the information regarding succession? Including the statement by Brennan? --G2bambino (talk) 15:24, 15 September 2008 (UTC)
 * Brennan's statement was not about succession. It was about representation. That is why the heading says Representing Australia. Both of us are fully aware that your edits are not reflective of either republicanism (or monarchist counter arguments.) What strange idea will be proposed next? But do not worry, we will be here to keep this article consistent with the main elements of the debate in Australia. --Lawe (talk) 10:09, 16 September 2008 (UTC)
 * It is? Please show how. As I read it, the word "determined" would mean "chosen," which relates to succession. Where does he say anything about representation? Indeed, where have I added any arguments? I'm not sure why I bother asking, as, no matter how many of you are included in the collective "we," you won't answer any questions put to you. I'm still utterly counfounded as to what it is you're actually reading; one wonders if you're confusing this article with some other. --G2bambino (talk) 13:55, 16 September 2008 (UTC)
 * I can show it because when asked for sources, they could not found and could not be provided. --Lawe (talk) 13:25, 17 September 2008 (UTC)
 * The following site may be useful to G2bambino: http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/page5655.asp --Lawe (talk) 13:35, 17 September 2008 (UTC)
 * Could you please address what I actually said? --G2bambino (talk) 17:04, 17 September 2008 (UTC)
 * I am addressing your statement that you don't understand this issue --Lawe (talk) 11:58, 18 September 2008 (UTC)

[De-indent] What you are doing is purposefully impeding discussion by not clearly answering questions or addressing issues. You said that succession law is irrelevant to the republican issue in Australia. I said that then included Brennan's statement, as it relates to succession (i.e. the UK parliament's control over it). You said Brennan's comment did not relate to succession, but related to representation of Australia, instead. I asked you to clarify exactly how it speaks about representation and not succession, as I certainly don't see it. You have not responded to that last question, and continue to edit as though it was never asked. --G2bambino (talk) 15:27, 18 September 2008 (UTC)
 * Brennan's comment related to the constitutional difficulties that the Head of State must be the same as the British Monarch under the Constitution Act. --Lawe (talk) 09:33, 19 September 2008 (UTC)
 * He makes no mention of difficulties, he merely makes a somewhat skewed presentation of the legal reality around succession. You now say that has nothing to do with republicanism. --G2bambino (talk) 01:48, 20 September 2008 (UTC)
 * Yes, he makes mention of difficulties. No, he is not talking about secession. Please do not make any disparaging comments about Justice Brennan's legal competence. --Lawe (talk) 02:52, 20 September 2008 (UTC)
 * You are correct about his mentioning difficulties, but it's obviously about succession. In fact, he distinctly points to the Act of Settlement 1701 and discusses Prince William inheriting the throne from his grandmother. --G2bambino (talk) 02:58, 20 September 2008 (UTC)
 * And he does not have a problem with that, and neither does any republican. Your aunty could inherit the throne for all it matters to an Australian Republic. --Lawe (talk) 03:44, 20 September 2008 (UTC)
 * That isn't relevant. What is to the point is that he talks about succession, not representation, and you said succession is not relevant to republicanism in Australia. --G2bambino (talk) 03:46, 20 September 2008 (UTC)
 * Royal Successions is one of the major (if not the major) reasons, republicans object to monarchy (IMO). That's partially why in the USA, John McCain or Barack Obama couldn't choose any of their children as a running-mate. GoodDay (talk) 20:01, 20 September 2008 (UTC)
 * This discussion is about sucession law. Such infomation belongs in other articles. --Lawe (talk) 07:57, 23 September 2008 (UTC)

Moratorium
Lets compile a list of republicans who support Malcolm Turnbill's moratorium on republicanism during this Queen's reign. 121.216.35.172 (talk) 17:03, 7 October 2008 (UTC)

 * We could compile many lists, but that may considered original research. --Lawe (talk) 09:22, 2 November 2008 (UTC)

Does reference 43 really prove those gentlemen support Mr Turnbull's moratorium?121.216.35.172 (talk) 13:20, 8 October 2008 (UTC)

 * The article is consistent with the reference. It does not discuss a moratorium. --Lawe (talk) 09:22, 2 November 2008 (UTC)

Protected for one week
I've just protected this article from editing for one week to encourage the resolution of the slow-paced edit war which has been going on here in the last few weeks. Nick-D (talk) 08:44, 17 January 2010 (UTC)
 * Thank you. I hope this will garner at least an acknowledgement from User:Davrosz of the message regarding this matter that I left at his talk page nearly two weeks ago. -- Ħ   MIESIANIACAL  08:58, 17 January 2010 (UTC)

Opinion polls and surveys
Given the backwards-and-forwards edits of the polls on this page, it would make sense to put them all in a single table, such as this:

undefined

Thoughts? --LJ Holden 07:02, 10 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Dident a separate poll by the SMH (August 2010) over the summer show that only 29% wanted a republic, 44% wanted to retain the monarchy, and the remainder being undecided? 24.46.236.67 (talk) 01:00, 13 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Did it? Perhaps you could find a reference? --LJ Holden 03:54, 13 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Here we go: http://www.smh.com.au/national/not-ready-for-a-republic-well-we-are-amused-20100828-13wv7.html24.46.236.67 (talk) 01:55, 18 March 2011 (UTC)
 * I've added the poll, but it doesn't say only 29% wanted a republic - it was 29% wanted a republic now. --LJ Holden 22:10, 18 March 2011 (UTC)

Lead
The current "stable" lead says "Such sentiments have been expressed in Australia from before federation onward to the present, generally achieving little success or approval." An anon editor changed the end of the sentence to "but have thus far been unsuccessful." IMHO the Anon edit is actually more accurate, the approval or otherwise of Republicanism in Australia is discussed elsewhere in the article, and contradicts the lead statement. --LJ Holden 09:11, 18 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Well, I don't really mind either phrase too much, but I think that the one I reverted to is more accurate, and also that the opinion of more editors should be sought before making a change to the lead, as it has been in the form I reverted to for a long time (months? years?). The lead is very short, and even a minor change is important therefore. The question of whether or not republicanism has been successful is of course answered by a no, and the change made by the anon IP conforms with that. But the question here is whether or not there has been/is approval for it. Approval from the Australian people for becoming a republic has changed a lot over the years. Just looking at that approval within 3 to 2 decades, it has gone from having mild support to a large amount of support towards the 1999 republic referendum and following that begun to slowly fall. So, looking at the recent past, it's hard to tell. But looking at Australia's history from the formation of the Commonwealth of Australia, republicanism, in general, across Australian history, has only received little approval. I feel that is what the lead has been saying for all these months, and that it is perfectly accurate. --~ Knowzilla  (Talk)  11:54, 22 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Note that I sought other editors opinions on the change, it wasn't until I made the change that it drew your attention to it once again. I accept the success criteria in the sentence is accurate. I disagree with your view that the other part of the sentence, on approval for republicanism in the sentence, is "perfectly accurate". The sentence makes it sound as if there is little support for republicanism presently, which as I've pointed out previously is inaccurate. You yourself say its "hard to tell" exactly what support has been like in the recent past. It's fairly obvious that support has increased significantly today looking back at Australia's history. --LJ Holden 18:46, 22 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Ok, perhaps I should remove the clause of the sentence in dispute? --LJ Holden 21:31, 25 February 2011 (UTC)
 * In response to your comment on 22nd February: I agree that republicanism in Australia has more than just little support when it comes to the issue . What I am saying is that across Australian history federation onwards, it has had little support in general. I am not speaking about the recent past. And I think that the sentence and the clause reflects that: "Such sentiments have been expressed in Australia from before federation onward to the present, generally achieving little success or approval". I have underlined the key words and clauses. --~ Knowzilla  (Talk)  11:55, 26 February 2011 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure why you feel it was necessary to bold and underline the specific clauses. I understand what you're saying, I just disagree with it, as it is contradicted by the rest of the article; moreover it makes it appear as though that there is little support presently. In any case, I'm not convinced that support or otherwise should actually be in the lead, hence my comment on the 25 February. --LJ Holden 21:40, 26 February 2011 (UTC)

"Institutions in Australia could also no longer apply to have a royal in their title"
Is there some kind of legal prohibition on this or is it just actively discouraged? I'd be interested in a cite for that one. -- MichiganCharms (talk) 09:36, 26 July 2011 (UTC)

 * Looking into this a little more, this does not seem true at all: see this guide from the Queensland government for example, which also annexes the memorandum recording the outcome of negotiations amongst the states, the Commonwealth and the Palace regarding this and other questions of protocol and prerogative. I'll amend the text. --62.189.73.197 (talk) 13:55, 13 November 2015 (UTC)

Monarchists creeping bias
All readers should know that this article is biased to give the false impression that republicanism is "on life support" and has had little success. Canadian monarchists monitor this page closely to defend bad edits, selectively quote the media and introduce confusing material. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 114.245.210.251 (talk) 19:18, 16 October 2011 (UTC)
 * As you can see from my comments / threads above, there is an unanswered question as to the lead of this article (which is still uncited). --LJ Holden 20:05, 16 October 2011 (UTC)
 * "On life support" is just emotive. The poll material are the statistics presented to some monarchist group. This article is a good example of how a lobby group uses wikipedia for a political purpose. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 114.245.215.39 (talk) 03:29, 17 October 2011 (UTC)
 * Perhaps, but I'd rather talk about improving the article than pointing the finger. IIRC "on life support" was a reference at the ARM itself in the mid-2000s, not republicanism per se. --LJ Holden 21:42, 17 October 2011 (UTC)

External links modified
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I have just added archive links to 12 one external links on Republicanism in Australia. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
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What's special about the Whitlam government?
The article previously said "The election of a Labor majority in 1972 marked the end of a period where Australians saw themselves principally as part of the Commonwealth of Nations (formerly the British Empire)". It's not clear to me what this actually refers to, I have tried to rationalise this by adding "with the Whitlam government implementing a number of reforms that strengthened Australia's independent nationhood". Does anyone know what the original author might have meant? What specifically is special about the Whitlam government that led to such a (seemingly) sudden change in national identity? --62.189.73.197 (talk) 12:10, 13 November 2015 (UTC)

Content dispute
I rarely edit articles about republicanism (including Republicanism in Canada), so I won't be giving input on what should/shouldn't be in this article. I would recommend though, that the 'current' content dispute be resolved here. GoodDay (talk) 17:17, 28 January 2016 (UTC)

FWIW, I requested input from WP:AWNB. My trick-knee tells me that a local-consensus here, won't likely be achieved. GoodDay (talk) 17:21, 28 January 2016 (UTC)

Can anyone explain the relevance of Britain's foreign and economic policies, Australian currency, and British and Australian citizenship to the matter of republicanism in Australia? The article doesn't indicate the connection (and all the material is unsourced). -- ₪   MIESIANIACAL  23:10, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
 * We could usefully prune it. There is certainly relevancy, but we'd need a source. The pre-Federation republicans drew upon the extensive Irish ancestry of many Australians, for example. --Pete (talk) 01:32, 29 January 2016 (UTC)
 * Pre-federation is one thing. The 1960s to 80s is quite another. Sources are most certainly needed to show there's a connection between the information I point to above and the subject of this article. -- ₪   MIESIANIACAL  01:49, 29 January 2016 (UTC)
 * At the moment it looks like someone's personal take on things. It's not as if there aren't enough books published about the republican movement, quite apart from the endless chatter in opinion pieces and the PR efforts every Australia Day. Perhaps it could be savagely pruned to what is easily sourced. I'll have a look for some overview from a reliable source. Anyone wants to expand on things they personally think are part of the story, they can do some research. --Pete (talk) 17:16, 29 January 2016 (UTC)

There are matters here which are related to a conflict of interest issue. Travelmite (talk) 02:58, 29 January 2016 (UTC)
 * I don't see any concrete evidence being provided, that anybody has a COI in this article. GoodDay (talk) 05:09, 29 January 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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I have just added archive links to 5 one external links on Republicanism in Australia. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
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External links modified
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RfC on terms: "monarch" or "head of state"?
There is an open Request for Comment at Talk:Monarchy_of_Australia on whether Queen Elizabeth II should be described as the monarch or the head of state. One term is undisputed, the other not so much. --Pete (talk) 21:40, 3 November 2018 (UTC)

The option of having both terms in the intro is being discussed, as well. GoodDay (talk) 22:10, 3 November 2018 (UTC)
 * That's the problem right there. Nobody disputes that the monarch is the monarch. On the other hand, anybody who took part in the republic referendum some time ago would be aware that there was and has been considerable debate over the term "head of state", and there are consequent NPOV factors. --Pete (talk) 22:32, 3 November 2018 (UTC)

Scott Morrison monarchist or republican
The article should state whether the current Prime Minister Scott Morrison is a monarchist or a republican. 122.106.83.10 (talk) 06:08, 21 December 2018 (UTC)

Morrison is a monarchist and I just put a source on it in the article. 122.106.83.10 (talk) 14:53, 21 December 2018 (UTC)

Uniquely Australian Monarchy Proposal
Surely the article should make mention of the idea of a uniquely Australian monarchy, which would involve not having a monarch who is in a personal union with the monarch of the United Kingdom, but a uniquely Australian monarch, who resides in Australia. Such a proposal has already been made for the Canadian monarchy. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Iliketoeatbeansalot (talk • contribs) 19:36, 29 May 2019 (UTC)
 * The fact a proposal has been made for the Canadian monarchy doesn't mean anyone is proposing a uniquely Australian monarch. The only reference relevant to Australia, an Australian Monarchist League FAQ page, is not evidence that the proposal has been made in Australia. The section as it stands barely has any relevance to the article. --LJ Holden 01:16, 29 September 2019 (UTC)

The cited reference has a deceptive heading, because in the article, the Canadian monarchists also suggest that all the Commonwealth realms, including Australia, should have their own unique and resident monarchs, not just Canada. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Iliketoeatbeansalot (talk • contribs) 01:33, 1 October 2019 (UTC)
 * If the reference is deceptive then it's not a good reference --LJ Holden 20:23, 10 October 2019 (UTC)

User:Iliketoeatbeansalot a better place for this content would be Monarchy of Australia. This article is specifically about proposals for a republic. Ivar the Boneful (talk) 11:07, 21 July 2020 (UTC)

Perhaps the article should be renamed "Debate on the Monarchy in Australia" instead. There are several other monarchist arguments present in the article, and there is no article about monarchism in Australia. Alternatively perhaps an article about monarchism in Australia should be created. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Iliketoeatbeansalot (talk • contribs) 14:09, 21 July 2020 (UTC)

The sources are reliable for these particular statements. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Iliketoeatbeansalot (talk • contribs) 21:10, 27 December 2023 (UTC)

John Fleay edits, out of place?
Recently, on 8 March, the page was edited to mention a John Fleay is "researching the only PhD on an Australian Republic model in Australia's history." As on the current page, a citation associated with a Fleay mention, source 54 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4706-7475 only links to Fleay's profile, with their works at the bottom. That mention of Fleay with that source also draws a grand comparison between their research, and John Adams' Thoughts on Government 1776.

My current issue is not only is the language oddly grand and... almost puffery? in regards to Fleay, I wonder if Fleay, or a friend of Fleay is trying to promote their work via WIkipedia edits. The IP address associated with the edit, 139.230.253.13 also made multiple edits to the Uluru Statement, one example being https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=904715667&oldid=904714974&title=Uluru_Statement_from_the_Heart&diffmode=source - and an edit to deem this person as notable on the Edith Cowan University page.

I could be seeing a Jesus out of burnt toast here, but is this IP address promoting themselves or a friend of theirs? Regardless, I think the mentions of Fleay seem out of place and trying to promote their status. Do tell your take on this (eg Fleay's work really is this significant, coincidence, etc)iamthinking2202 (please ping on reply if you would be so kind) 15:20, 12 March 2021 (UTC)

The Value of any Oath of Office Australia
Were Australia to move towards becoming a republic initiated by those serving in "Positions of Trust" that have taken oaths of office that read

'''Oath of Office Australia The current Oath of Office is: I, (name), do swear that I will well and truly serve the people of Australia in the office of (position) and that I will be faithful and bear true allegiance to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Australia.'''

Three of many significant questions arise

1- Would honoring oaths become a redundant factor in the new republic- and would this effect the basic principles of contract law as in a promise is only required to secure the desired position/property before it can be dismissed (Australian lip service only?)

2- Is it only the legal Fraternity within the Australian government that turns a blind eye to the Australian rendition of honoring oaths or can the ANZACs insist that those who choose to dishonor Australians with blatant corruption are told to step down immediately

3- Is government the appropriate body to challenge the government or conventional standards of conduct/constitution? Mutiny is a call to arms?

Barry Cowlishaw (talk) — Preceding undated comment added 00:12, 1 June 2022 (UTC)
 * , please see WP:NOTAFORUM and WP:TALK. Laterthanyouthink (talk) 02:32, 1 June 2022 (UTC)

Delete LFAR (Labor for a Republic)?
Thee is a very long paragraph about the views of LFAR Are they significant? Wakelamp d[@-@]b (talk) 12:13, 3 June 2022 (UTC)

 * Probably not, you can remove it.
 * Sincerely, Thenewright22 (talk) 04:22, 26 October 2022 (UTC)

Reflinks doesn't work
I have tried to automatically fix bare URLs with several tools, including Reflinks. Unfortunately, it cannot fix a single URL as shown here, so I must fill them in automatically. Editors, please fix this urgent issue, as there are way too many URLs for me to fix alone. Also, can you also explain why URL filler tools don't work most of the time?

Sincerely, Thenewright22 (talk) 04:28, 26 October 2022 (UTC)

 * I have replaced all of the citations, but sadly, two of them denied access to me, so I replaced them with "Access Denied" citations, which are very unhelpful.
 * Sincerely, Thenewright22 (talk) 09:08, 26 October 2022 (UTC)

Add further details regarding the States, and potential office of Vice-President?
A lot has been discussed in the article on the effect of transitioning to a republic on a federal level, but should we discuss what implications would arise for a state level? Do any sources mention what would happen if the subnational states remained monarchical, say the Governor of Queensland still being the viceregal representative of the King, but then having an independent federal President? Does the republic movement cover whether the state governors would assume the structure of state governors in the US, with a Lieutenant Governor as the understudy? What about the potential federal office of Vice-President and establishing a Presidential line of succession which would be required. It seems like a lot of important details either haven't been considered by republicans, or we have not come across adequate sources to support further details. 203.46.132.214 (talk) 04:37, 31 May 2023 (UTC)

Missing ref
you added ref tag with the name "ninems1", but there's no ref with that name. Please fill in the source you intended. -- Fyrael (talk) 03:28, 12 August 2023 (UTC)

Clarification
@Iliketoeatbeansalot appears to be insistent on including the last sentence at the  section. In order to avoid a possible edit war, I am mentioning it here for discussion. The statements are sourced only to the websites of the organisations, and not reliable sources, and I suggest the sentence to be deleted. KangarooGymnast (talk) 21:26, 27 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Why is that section even in this article? A "uniquely Australian" monarchy is still a monarchy not a republic. It should be at Monarchy of Australia. ITBF (talk) 00:41, 28 December 2023 (UTC)
 * I agree with that. I don't think the section is appropriate in this article. KangarooGymnast (talk) 01:08, 28 December 2023 (UTC)
 * I also agree. I'm going to boldly delete it. HiLo48 (talk) 03:07, 28 December 2023 (UTC)

Republicanism on Australia is mostly about nationalism and having a uniquely Australian monarch would reduce the ideological arguments about monarchy in Australia as well. Sources from monarchist and republican organisations appear elsewhere in the article. They should be removed if these are removed. The statement made clear that the Australian Alternative Monarchist Association is not officially recognized and so would not be misleading. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Iliketoeatbeansalot (talk • contribs) 16:17, 28 December 2023 (UTC)

 * I agree that those sources should indeed be removed if they are present elsewhere in the article. You're more than welcome to remove those references yourself. KangarooGymnast (talk) 22:58, 28 December 2023 (UTC)

I propose that the article be renamed as Debate on the Monarchy in Australia as the article contains both republican and monarchist arguments and there is a Debate on the monarchy in Canada article and a Republicanism in Canada article. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Iliketoeatbeansalot (talk • contribs) 15:29, 29 December 2023 (UTC)

 * You can open a move request if you want. KangarooGymnast (talk) 00:24, 30 December 2023 (UTC)

<nowiki><nowiki><nowiki><nowiki> <nowiki>{{subst:requested move|New name|reason= The article is very biased against the opinion that Australia should have its own resident monarch, as it incorrectly assumes that the only way that Australia could no longer share monarch with the United Kingdom is by becoming a republic. There are several status quo monarchist arguments in the article and these should either be removed or else the article should be renamed. There is a Debate on the Monarchy in Canada article as well as a Republicanism in Canada article and a Monarchism in Canada article. Iliketoeatbeansalot (talk) 16:12, 30 December 2023 (UTC)

Requested move 30 December 2023

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: not moved. (closed by non-admin page mover) Sceptre (talk) 23:26, 6 January 2024 (UTC)

Republicanism in Australia → Debate on the Monarchy in Australia – The article is very biased against the opinion that Australia should have its own resident monarch, as it incorrectly assumes that the only way that Australia could no longer share monarch with the United Kingdom is by becoming a republic. There are several status quo monarchist arguments in the article and these should either be removed or else the article should be renamed. There is a Debate on the Monarchy in Canada article as well as a Republicanism in Canada article and a Monarchism in Canada article.} Iliketoeatbeansalot (talk) 16:22, 30 December 2023 (UTC)

 * Comment This appears to be related to the topic above the talk page, where the nominator engaged in a bizarre edit war to include the section, and a sentence which was sourced only to the websites of the organisations. The nominator later attempted  to revert an edit by @HiLo48 which deleted the section entirely. The nominator provided no reason for going against the consensus on the talk page. KangarooGymnast (talk) 23:24, 30 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Yep. This article is about republicanism. If Iliketoeatbeansalot wants to have discussion about a purely Australian monarch, a NEW article could work, but it doesn't belong here. HiLo48 (talk) 01:19, 31 December 2023 (UTC)

The article has nothing to do with republicanism. It is almost entirely about nationalism, and even the ideological objections to the monarchy could be solved by having a resident monarch. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Iliketoeatbeansalot (talk • contribs) 17:22, 31 December 2023 (UTC) The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
 * Oppose. You don't get to declare that a political view you disagree with isn't allowed to have its own article.  Of course an article on republicanism would presumably discuss the republican point of view.  SnowFire (talk) 18:18, 31 December 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Republicanism in Australia


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STS-6

STS-6 was the sixth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the maiden flight of the. Launched from Kennedy Space Center on April 4, 1983, the mission deployed the first Tracking and Data Relay Satellite, TDRS-1, into orbit, before landing at Edwards Air Force Base on April 9, 1983. STS-6 was the first Space Shuttle mission during which a Extravehicular activity was conducted, and hence was the first in which the Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) was used.

Crew
STS-6 was the last shuttle mission with a four-person crew until STS-135, the final shuttle mission, which launched on July 8, 2011. Commander Paul Weitz had previously served as Pilot on the first Skylab crewed mission (Skylab-2), where he lived and worked in Skylab for nearly a month from May to June 1973. After Skylab, Weitz became the Deputy Chief of the Astronaut Office under Chief Astronaut John Young. Bobko originally became an astronaut for the Air Force's Manned Orbiting Laboratory (MOL) program but later joined NASA in 1969 after the MOL program's cancellation. Prior to STS-6 he participated in the Skylab Medical Experiment Altitude Test (SMEAT) and worked as a member of the support crew for the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP).

Peterson was also a transfer from the MOL program, and was a member of the support crew for Apollo 16. Musgrave joined NASA in 1967 as part of the second scientist-astronaut group, and was the backup Science Pilot for the first Skylab mission. He also participated in the design of the equipment that he and Peterson used during their EVA on the STS-6 mission.

Support crew

 * Roy D. Bridges Jr. (entry CAPCOM)
 * Mary L. Cleave
 * Richard O. Covey (ascent CAPCOM)
 * Guy Gardner
 * Jon McBride
 * Bryan D. O'Connor

Spacewalks

 *  Musgrave and Peterson
 * EVA Start: April 7, 1983
 * EVA End: April 8, 1983
 * Duration: 4hours, 17minutes

Mission background
The new orbiter was rolled out to LC-39A in November 1982. On December 18, 1982, Challenger was given a PFRF (Pre Flight Readiness Firing) to verify the operation of the main engines. The PFRF lasted for 16seconds. Although engine operation was generally satisfactory, telemetry data indicated significant leakage of liquid hydrogen in the thrust section. However, it was not possible to determine the location of the leak with certainty, so program directors decided on a second PFRF with added telemetry probes. It was known that during the test run on December 18, 1982, that recirculated exhaust gases and vibration leaked into the thrust section and this was considered a potential cause of the leak. Therefore, the original planned launch in late January 1983 had to be postponed.

On January 25, 1983, a second PFRF was conducted which lasted 23 seconds and exhibited more hydrogen leaks. Eventually, it was found that low pressure ducting in the No. 1 engine was cracked. The engine was replaced by a spare, which was found to also have leaks. A third engine had to be ordered from Rocketdyne, and after thorough testing, turned out to be in proper operating condition. The No. 2 and No. 3 engines turned out to have leaks as well, and were taken out of the orbiter for repairs. By mid-March, the engine problems had been completely resolved.

While the engine repairs were underway on February 28, 1983, a severe storm caused contamination of the mission's primary cargo, the first Tracking and Data Relay Satellite-A (TDRS-1), while it was in the Payload Changeout Room on the Rotating Service Structure at the launch pad. Consequently, the satellite had to be taken back to its checkout facility, where it was cleaned and rechecked. The Payload Changeout Room and the payload bay also had to be cleaned. All of these events pushed the launch back from March 26, 1983, to early April 1983.

Mission summary
On April 4, 1983, STS-6, the first mission of the orbiter Challenger, lifted off at 13:30:00 EST. It marked the first use of a new lightweight external tank and lightweight Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Booster (SRB) casings, first use of the head-up display, and first extravehicular activity (EVA) in the Space Shuttle program.

STS-6 carried a crew of four – Paul J. Weitz, commander; Karol J. Bobko, pilot; F. Story Musgrave and Donald H. Peterson, both mission specialists. Using new spacesuits designed specifically for the Space Shuttle program, Musgrave and Peterson successfully accomplished the program's first extravehicular activity (EVA) on April 7–8, 1983, performing various tests in the orbiter's payload bay. Their spacewalk lasted 4hours and 17minutes and was the first American EVA since the last of Skylab-4's 4 EVAs nearly a decade prior.

Although the 2300 kg TDRS-A satellite was successfully deployed from Challenger, its two-stage booster rocket, the Inertial Upper Stage (IUS), tumbled out of control, placing the satellite into a low elliptical orbit. However, the satellite contained extra propellant beyond what was needed for its attitude control thrusters, and during the next several months, its thrusters were fired at carefully planned intervals, gradually moving TDRS-1 into its geosynchronous operating orbit, thus saving the US$100-million satellite. Other STS-6 payloads included three Getaway Special (GAS) canisters and the continuation of the Mono-disperse Latex Reactor and Continuous Flow Electrophoresis experiments.

Challenger returned to Earth on April 9, 1983, at 10:53:42a.m. PST, landing on Runway22 at Edwards Air Force Base. During the mission, it completed 81 orbits, traveling 3200000 km in 5days, 23minutes, and 42seconds. It was flown back to KSC on April 16, 1983.

Mission insignia
The six white stars in the upper blue field of the mission patch, and its hexagonal shape, indicate the flight's numerical designation in the Space Transportation System's mission sequence.

Wake-up calls
NASA began a tradition of playing music to astronauts during the Project Gemini, and first used music to wake up a flight crew during Apollo 15. Each track is specially chosen, often by the astronauts' families, and usually has a special meaning to an individual member of the crew, or is applicable to their daily activities.

title: STS-6


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STS-7

STS-7 was NASA's seventh Space Shuttle mission, and the second mission for the Space Shuttle Challenger. During the mission, Challenger deployed several satellites into orbit. The shuttle launched from Kennedy Space Center on June 18, 1983, and landed at Edwards Air Force Base on June 24, 1983. STS-7 carried Sally Ride, America's first female astronaut.

Support crew

 * John E. Blaha
 * Roy D. Bridges Jr. (ascent CAPCOM)
 * Guy Gardner
 * Terry Hart
 * Jon McBride
 * Bryan D. O'Connor (entry CAPCOM)

Mission summary
STS-7 began on June 18, 1983, with an on-time liftoff at 7:33:00 a.m.EDT. It was the first spaceflight of an American woman (Ride), the largest crew to fly in a single spacecraft up to that time (five people), and the first flight that included members of NASA's Group 8 astronaut class, which had been selected in 1978 to fly the Space Shuttle. President Ronald Reagan also sent his personal favorite Jelly Belly jelly beans with the astronauts, making them the first jelly beans in space. The crew had already ate lunch with the president at the White House on June 1, the first time that a crew did so before launch rather than after.

The crew of STS-7 included Robert Crippen, commander, making his second Shuttle flight; Frederick Hauck, pilot; and Sally Ride, John M. Fabian and Norman Thagard, all mission specialists. Thagard conducted medical tests concerning Space adaptation syndrome, a bout of nausea frequently experienced by astronauts during the early phase of a space flight.

Two communications satellites – Anik C2 for Telesat of Canada, and Palapa B1 for Indonesia – were successfully deployed during the first two days of the mission; both were Hughes-built HS-376-series satellites. The mission also carried the first Shuttle pallet satellite (SPAS-1), which was built by the West German aerospace firm Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm (MBB). SPAS-1 was unique in that it was designed to operate in the payload bay or be deployed by the Remote Manipulator System (Canadarm) as a free-flying satellite. It carried 10 experiments to study formation of metal alloys in microgravity, the operation of heat pipes, instruments for remote sensing observations, and a mass spectrometer to identify various gases in the payload bay. It was deployed by the Canadarm and flew alongside and over Challenger for several hours, performing various maneuvers, while a U.S.-supplied camera mounted on SPAS-1 took pictures of the orbiter. The Canadarm later grappled the pallet and returned it to the payload bay.

STS-7 also carried seven Getaway Special (GAS) canisters, which contained a wide variety of experiments, as well as the OSTA-2 payload, a joint U.S.-West Germany scientific pallet payload. Finally, the orbiter's Ku-band antenna was able to relay data through the U.S. tracking and data relay satellite (TDRS) to a ground terminal for the first time.

STS-7 was scheduled to make the first orbiter landing at Kennedy Space Center's then-new Shuttle Landing Facility (SLF). Unacceptable weather forced a change to Runway15 at Edwards Air Force Base. The landing took place on June 24, 1983, at 06:56:59a.m. PDT. The mission lasted 6days, 2hours, 23minutes, and 59seconds, and covered about 3570000 km during 97orbits of the Earth. Challenger was returned to KSC on June 29, 1983.

Incidents
STS-7 experienced the first known Space Shuttle external tank (ET) bipod ramp foam shedding event during launch. This was the root cause of the eventual loss of Columbia during STS-107 almost two decades later. While Challenger was on-orbit, one of its windows was damaged non-critically by space debris.

Mission insignia
The seven white stars in the black field of the mission patch, as well as the arm extending from the orbiter in the shape of a 7, indicate the flight's numerical designation in the Space Transportation System's mission sequence. The five-armed symbol on the right side illustrates the four male/one female crew.

Wake-up calls
NASA began a tradition of playing music to astronauts during the Project Gemini, and first used music to wake up a flight crew during Apollo 15. Each track is specially chosen, often by the astronauts' families, and usually has a special meaning to an individual member of the crew, or is applicable to their daily activities.

title: STS-7


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Scottish Terrier

The Scottish Terrier (Abhag Albannach; also known as the Aberdeen Terrier), popularly called the Scottie, is a breed of dog. Initially one of the highland breeds of terrier that were grouped under the name of Skye Terrier, it is one of five breeds of terrier that originated in Scotland, the other four being the modern Skye, Cairn, Dandie Dinmont, and West Highland White terriers. They are an independent and rugged breed with a wiry outer coat and a soft dense undercoat. The first Earl of Dumbarton nicknamed the breed "the diehard". According to legend, the Earl of Dumbarton gave this nickname because of the Scottish Terriers' bravery, and Scotties were also the inspiration for the name of his regiment, The Royal Scots, Dumbarton’s Diehard. Scottish Terriers were originally bred to hunt vermin on farms.

They are a small breed of terrier with a distinctive shape and have had many roles in popular culture. They have been owned by a variety of celebrities, including the 32nd president of the United States, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, whose Scottie Fala is included with FDR in a statue in Washington, D.C., as well as by the 43rd president, George W. Bush. They are also well known for being a playing piece in the board game Monopoly. Described as territorial, feisty dogs, they can make a good watchdog and tend to be very loyal to their family. Healthwise, Scottish Terriers can be more prone to bleeding disorders, joint disorders, autoimmune diseases, allergies, and cancer than some other breeds of dog, and there is a condition named after the breed called Scotty cramp. They are also one of the more successful dog breeds at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show with a best in show in 2010.

Appearance
The Scottish Terrier is a small, compact, short-legged, sturdily-built terrier of good bone and substance. They have a hard, wiry, weather-resistant coat and a thick-set, cobby body which is hung between short, heavy legs. These characteristics, joined with their very special keen, piercing, "varminty" expression, and their erect ears and tail are salient features of the breed. According to The Scottish Terrier Club of America's Breed Standard, the eyes should be small, bright and piercing, and almond-shaped not round. Their color can range from black, greyish-black, and even white. The ears should be small, prick, set well up on the skull and pointed, but never cut. They should be covered with short velvety hair.

According to the STCA Breed Standard, height at withers for both genders should be roughly 25 cm, and the length of back from withers to tail is roughly 28 cm. Generally a well-balanced Scottie dog should weigh from 8.5 to 10 kg and a female from 8 to 9.5 kg. It is about 10 to 11 in in height.

Coat
The Scottish Terrier typically has a hard, wiry outer coat with a soft, dense undercoat. According to the STCA Breed Standard, the coat should be trimmed and blended into the furnishings to give a distinct Scottish Terrier outline. The longer coat on the beard, legs and lower body may be slightly softer than the body coat but should not be or appear fluffy. This longer coat on the legs is often referred to as the skirt of the Scottie and should be brushed daily to avoid knotted or matted fur.

The coat colours range from dark gray to jet black and brindle, a mix of black and brown. Scotties with wheaten (straw to nearly white) coats sometimes occur, and are similar in appearance to the Soft-Coated Wheaten Terrier or West Highland White Terrier.

Many black and brindle Scottish Terrier coats can contain specks of silver and white all throughout or in small patch-like areas of the dog's fur.

Temperament
Scotties are territorial, alert, quick moving and feisty, perhaps even more so than other terrier breeds. The breed is known to be independent and self-assured, playful, intelligent, and has been nicknamed the 'Diehard' because of its rugged nature and endless determination. The "Diehard" nickname was originally given to it in the 18th century by George, the first Earl of Dumbarton. The Earl had a famous pack of Scottish Terriers, so brave that they were named “Diehards”. They were supposed to have inspired the name of his Regiment, The Royal Scots, "Dumbarton’s Diehards".

Scotties, while being described as very loving, have also been described as stubborn. They are sometimes described as an aloof breed, although it has been noted that they tend to be very loyal to their family and are known to attach themselves to one or two people. It has been suggested that the Scottish Terrier can make a good watchdog due to its tendency to bark only when necessary and because it is typically reserved with strangers, although this is not always the case. They have been described as a fearless breed that may be aggressive around other dogs unless introduced at an early age. Scottish Terriers were originally bred to hunt and fight Eurasian badgers. Therefore, the Scottie is prone to dig as well as chase small mammals, such as squirrels, rats, and mice. Keeping cats, rabbits, ferrets, and other small Domesticated animals in the home with a Scottish terrier is not advisable due to the fact that this dog breed was specifically bred to hunt small mammals, as mentioned above. Scottish Terriers are also not recommended to cohabitate with small children or children who are inexperienced with dogs.

Health
A 2024 UK study found a life expectancy of 12.7 years for the breed compared to an average of 12.7 for purebreeds and 12 for crossbreeds. Two genetic health concerns seen in the breed are von Willebrand disease (vWD) and craniomandibular osteopathy (CMO); Scottie cramp, patellar luxation and cerebellar abiotrophy are also sometimes seen in this breed. Common eye conditions seen in a variety of breeds such as cataracts and glaucoma can appear in Scotties as they age. There are no specific conditions relating the skin that affect the breed, but they can be affected by common dog related conditions such as parasites and mange.

Cancer in Scottish Terriers
Scottish Terriers have a greater chance of developing some cancers than other purebreds. According to research by the Veterinary Medical Data Program (1986), six cancers that Scotties appeared to be more at risk for (when compared to other breeds) are: (in descending order) bladder cancer and other transitional cell carcinomas of the lower urinary tract; malignant melanoma; gastric carcinoma; squamous cell carcinoma of the skin; lymphosarcoma and nasal carcinoma. Other cancers that are known to commonly affect Scotties include mast cell sarcoma and hemangiosarcoma.

Research has suggested that Scottish Terriers are 20 times more likely to get bladder cancer than other breeds and the most common kind of bladder cancer is transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (TCC). Dr. Deborah Knapp of Purdue University School of Veterinary Medicine has commented "TCC usually occurs in older dogs (average age 11 years) and is more common in females (2:1 ratio of females to males)." Symptoms of TCC are blood in the urine, straining to urinate, and frequent urination—although owners noticing any of these symptoms should also be aware that the same symptoms may also be indicative of a urinary tract infection.

The most common and effective form of treatment for TCC is Piroxicam, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that "allows the cancer cells to kill themselves."

Scottie cramp
Scottie cramp is an autosomal recessive hereditary disorder which inhibits the dog's ability to walk. It is caused by a defect in the pathways in the brain that control muscle contraction due to a low level of serotonin in the body. Typically symptoms only show when the particular dog is under some degree of stress. The front legs are pushed out to the side, the back arches and the rear legs overflex, causing the dog to fall should it be moving at speed. The condition is not seizure related, and the dog remains conscious throughout the event, with symptoms abating once the cause of the stress has been removed. Currently, there is no known genetic testing available for Scottie cramp. A diagnosis will come from a veterinarian once diagnostic tests have been conducted. Diagnostic tests for Scottie cramp, include a physical, complete blood count, a biochemistry profile, and a urinalysis. Although Scottie cramp is an inherited disease, it is a non-painful, non-life-threatening, episodic disorder. Affected dogs with Scotty cramp and their litter mates should not be bred, otherwise this disease can be passed to any future offspring they may have.

Vitamin E, Diazepam and Prozac have all been shown to be effective treatments should it be required. Scotty cramp is found in other breeds of terrier, including the Cesky Terrier. "Episodic Falling", a condition found in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels is considered to be similar to this disorder.

Craniomandibular osteopathy
Also known as "Lion Jaw", "Westie Jaw" or "Scottie Jaw", this condition of craniomandibular osteopathy is caused by excessive bone growth in the bottom jaw, usually occurring between four and seven months of age. Like Scottie Cramp, it is an autosomal recessive hereditary disorder, and can cause discomfort to the dog when it attempts to chew. The progression of the condition usually slows down between eleven and thirteen months of age, and is sometimes followed by a slow partial or complete regression. Craniomandibular osteopathy can affect dogs of the same litter and symptoms of this disease include, difficulty grasping and chewing food, drooling, and swelling of the face, more specifically, swelling around the jaw. Treatment for Craniomandibular osteopathy does not exist, but the use of Prednisone and cortisone can help to ease symptoms.

This condition has also been seen in other breeds of dog, such as the West Highland White Terrier, Cairn Terrier, Boston Terrier, as well as some larger breeds such as Bullmastiffs. Genetic testing for craniomandibular osteopathy is available at this time and will help to identify the craniomandibular osteopathy mutation.

Von Willebrand's disease
Von Willebrand's disease is a hereditary bleeding disorder found in both dogs and humans. DNA testing used widespread by what are known as reputable breeders, has caused a huge decrease in affected dogs. Once the mutation is found in a dog, the dog should not be bred. This disease is caused by a lack of von Willebrand factor which plays a role in the clotting process of blood. This can cause abnormal platelet function and prolonged bleeding times. Affected dogs can be prone to nose bleeds, and increased bleeding following trauma or surgery. There are three types of this condition with Type I being the most common, while Type II and III being rarer, but more severe. Type I von Willebrand's disease is relatively common in the Scottish Terrier.

Type I is more widespread in Doberman Pinscher, but is as common in the Shetland Sheepdog as the Scottish Terrier. The condition appears in most breeds to some extent, but other breeds with an increased risk include the Golden Retriever, German Shepherd Dog, Basset Hound and Manchester Terrier.

History
Initial grouping of several of the highland terriers (including the Scottie) under the generic name Skye Terriers caused some confusion in the breed's lineage. There is disagreement over whether the Skye Terriers mentioned in early 16th century records actually descended from forerunners of the Scottie or vice versa. It is certain, however, that Scotties and West Highland White Terriers are closely related—both their forefathers originated from the Blackmount region of Perthshire and the Moor of Rannoch. Scotties were originally bred to hunt and kill vermin on farms and to hunt badgers and foxes in the Highlands of Scotland.

The actual origin of a breed as old as the Scottish Terrier is obscure and undocumented. The first written records about a dog of similar description to the Scottish Terrier dates from 1436, when Don Leslie described them in his book The History of Scotland 1436–1561. Two hundred years later, Sir Joshua Reynolds painted a portrait of a young girl caressing a dog similar in appearance to the modern-day Scottie. King James VI of Scotland was an important historical figure featuring in the Scottish Terrier's history. In the 17th century, when King James VI became James I of England, he sent six terriers—thought to be forerunners of the Scottish terrier—to a French monarch as a gift. His love and adoration for the breed increased their popularity throughout the world.

Many dog writers after the early 19th century seem to agree that there were two varieties of terrier existing in Britain at the time—a rough-haired so-called Scotch Terrier and a smooth-haired English Terrier. Thomas Brown, in his Biological Sketches and Authentic Anecdotes of Dogs (1829), states that "the Scotch Terrier is certainly the purest in point of breed and the (smooth) English seems to have been produced by a cross from him". Brown went on to describe the Scotch Terrier as "low in stature, with a strong muscular body, short stout legs, a head large in proportion to the body" and was "generally of a sandy colour or black" with a "long, matted and hard" coat. Although the Scotch Terrier described here is more generic than specific to a breed, it asserts the existence of a small, hard, rough-coated terrier developed for hunting small game in the Scottish Highlands in the early 19th century; a description that shares characteristics with what was once known as the Aberdeen Terrier and is today known as the Scottish Terrier. In addition, the paintings of Sir Edwin Landseer and an 1835 lithograph entitled "Scottish Terriers at Work on a Cairn in the West Highlands" both depict Scottie type terriers very similar to those described in the first Scottish Terrier Standard.

In the 19th century, the Highlands of Scotland, including the Isle of Skye, were abundant with terriers originally known by the generic term "short-haired terriers" or "little Skye Terriers." Towards the end of the 19th century, it was decided to separate these Scottish  terriers and develop pure bloodlines and specific breeds. Originally, the breeds were separated into two categories: Dandie Dinmont Terriers and Skye Terriers (not the Skye Terrier known today, but a generic name for a large group of terriers with differing traits all said to originate from the Isle of Skye). The Birmingham England dog show of 1860 was the first to offer classes for these groups of terriers. They continued to be exhibited in generic groups for several years and these groups included the ancestors of today's Scottish Terrier. Recorded history and the initial development of the breed started in the late 1870s with the development of dog shows. The exhibition and judging of dogs required comparison to a breed standard and thus the appearance and temperament of the Scottie was written down for the first time. Eventually, the Skye Terriers were further divided into what are known today as the Scottish Terrier, Skye Terrier, West Highland White Terrier and Cairn Terrier.

While fanciers sought to identify and standardize the breed and its description through the late 19th century, the Scottish Terrier was known by many different names: the Highland, the Cairn, Diehard, and most often, the Aberdeen Terrier—named because of the abundant number of the dogs in the area and because a J. A. Adamson of Aberdeen successfully exhibited his dogs during the 1870s. Roger Rough, a dog owned by Adamson, Tartan, a dog owned by Mr Paynton Piggott, Bon Accord, owned by Messrs Ludlow and Bromfield, and Splinter II owned by Mr Ludlow, were early winners of dog exhibitions and are the four dogs from which all Scottish Terrier pedigrees ultimately began. It is often said that all present day Scotties stem from a single bitch, Splinter II, and two sires. In her book, The New Scottish Terrier, Cindy Cooke refers to Splinter II as the "foundation matron of the modern Scottish Terrier." Cooke goes on to say "For whatever reason, early breeders line bred on this bitch to the virtual exclusion of all others. Mated to Tartan, she produced Worry, the dam of four champions. Rambler, her son by Bonaccord, sired the two founding sires of the breed, Ch. Dundee (out of Worry) and Ch. Alistair (out of a Dundee daughter)" Show champions on both sides of the Atlantic descend from  Splinter and her sires.

Captain Gordon Murray and S.E. Shirley were responsible for setting the type in 1879. Shortly afterwards, in 1879, Scotties were for the first time exhibited at Alexander Palace in England, while the following year they began to be classified in much the same way as is done today. The first written standard of the breed was drafted by J.B. Morrison and D.J. Thomson Gray and appeared in Vero Shaw's Illustrated Book of The Dog, published in 1880; it was extremely influential in setting both breed type and name. The standard described the breed's colouring as "Grey, Grizzle or Brindle", as the typically Black colouring of Scotties did not become fashionable or favoured until the 20th century. In 1881 the "Scottish Terrier Club of England" was founded, being the first club dedicated to the breed. The club secretary, H.J. Ludlow, is responsible for greatly popularising the breed in the southern parts of Great Britain. The "Scottish Terrier Club of Scotland" was not founded until 1888, seven years after the English club. Following the formation of the English and Scottish clubs there followed several years of disagreement regarding the breed's official standard. The issue was finally settled by a revised standard in 1930, which was based on four prepotent dogs. The dogs were Robert and James Chapman's Heather Necessity, Albourne Barty, bred by AG Cowley, Albourne Annie Laurie, bred by Miss Wijk and Miss Wijk's Marksman of Docken (the litter brother of Annie Laurie). These four dogs and their offspring modified the look of the Scottie, particularly the length of the head, closeness to the ground and the squareness of body. Their subsequent success in the show ring led to them becoming highly sought after by the British public and breeders. As such, the modified standard completely revolutionized the breed. This new standard was subsequently recognised by the Kennel Club UK circa 1930.

Scotties were introduced to America in the early 1890s, but it was not until the years between World War I and World War II that the breed became popular. The Scottish Terrier Club of America (STCA) was formed in 1900 and a standard written in 1925. The Scottish Terrier was recognized by the United Kennel Club in 1934. By 1936, Scotties were the third most popular breed in the United States. Although they did not permanently stay in fashion, they continue to enjoy a steady popularity with a large segment of the dog-owning public across the world. The STCA founded its Health Trust Fund (HTF) in 1995 which supports research on health issues in the breed.

Scottish Terriers have won best in show at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show more than any other breed except for the Wire Fox Terrier, a total of nine times. These victories began in 1911 with a win by Ch. Tickle Em Jock and include recent victories such as in 1995 when Ch. Gaelforce Post Script (Peggy Sue) won, and in 2010 with a victory by Ch. Roundtown Mercedes Of Maryscot.

Famous Scotties and popular culture
The Scottie and the German Shepherd are the only breeds of dog that have lived in the White House more than three times. President Franklin D. Roosevelt was renowned for owning a Scottie named Fala, a gift from his distant cousin, Margaret Suckley. The President loved Fala so much that he rarely went anywhere without him. Roosevelt had several Scotties before Fala, including one named Duffy and another named Mr. Duffy. Eleanor Roosevelt had a Scottish Terrier named Meggie when the family entered the White House in 1933. More recently, President George W. Bush has owned two black Scottish Terriers, Barney and Miss Beazley. Barney starred in nine films produced by the White House.

Other famous people who are known to have owned Scotties include: Queen Victoria, Eva Braun, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ed Whitfield, Rudyard Kipling, Gilbert Chesterton and President of Poland, Lech Kaczyński. Actress Tatum O'Neal owned a Scottish Terrier. She was said to be so saddened by her dog's death to cancer and old age that she relapsed into drugs. The Scottie is also renowned for being featured in the popular board game, Monopoly, as a player token. When the game was first created in the 1930s, Scotties were one of the most popular pets in the United States, and it is also one of the most popular Monopoly game tokens, according to Matt Collins, vice president of marketing for Hasbro. Disney's 1955 film Lady and the Tramp, its sequel and its 2019 reboot features a Scottish terrier named Jock is a friend of Lady, the American Cocker Spaniel and Trusty, the bloodhound. A terrier similar to Jock is among the dogs passing the message of Pongo and Perdita Dalmatian's fifteen puppies throughout London on the 1961 Disney movie One Hundred and One Dalmatians. A Scottie named Buster is Fatty's pet in Enyd Blyton's Five Find-Outers and Dog mystery novel series (1943-61). A Scottish Terrier named Dulcinea is a scene-stealer in the 1998 Latin American novel Yo-Yo Boing! by Giannina Braschi. In P. G. Wodehouse’s Jeeves and Wooster novels, Bertie Wooster’s principal antagonist Aunt Agatha has an Aberdeen terrier called Mackintosh. Scottish Terriers are also prevalent in scenes of the film Coraline.

title: Scottish Terrier