text:
Talk:Jodrell Bank Observatory

Goostrey
Regardless of whether it's nearer Congleton or Macclesfield, the postal address of the place is Macclesfield. Anyway, if you have to say it's near anywhere, why not say Goostrey?! -- Arwel 21:50, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Trivia
As at the time Lovell and his team were on very limited finances, the 76m telescope was built using some salvaged parts and incorporated some turret rack and pinion components from the battlecruiser HMS Renown, which was being scrapped at the time. Ian Dunster 12:49, 14 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Actually JBO's own website says they reused bits of the battleships HMS Revenge and Royal Sovereign, which is a bit surprising as Royal Sovereign was transferred to the Soviet Navy in 1944 as the Archangelsk, and scrapped by them in 1948. -- Arwel (talk) 14:58, 14 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Ah, I see, she was only loaned to the Russians and they returned her in '48. -- Arwel (talk) 15:21, 14 November 2005 (UTC)

 * You're probably right - I was writing from memory and seem to remember it as being the Renown for some reason! Ian Dunster 22:26, 14 November 2005 (UTC)

50th Anniversary
Perhaps a note can be added about Jodrell Bank celebrating the 50th Anniversary of the Lovell Telescope in 2007 though I have not seen a specific date designated for the anniversary. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Jmb (talk --jmb 09:40, 29 January 2007 (UTC)

Assessment Report
Peter I. Vardy 15:45, 9 May 2007 (UTC)
 * 1) Some expansion is needed.
 * 2) References and Citations are crucial for wikipedia, and so these must be added as the article is expanded. Make sure that as many as possible are "in-line" citations.(See WP:References, WP:V, and WP:CITE for guidance.)

Good article review
My comments:
 * All values and their units (e.g. 42ft) should be separated by non-breaking spaces, as per WP:UNITS so it ends up like 42 ft.
 * Mostly fixed; I'll sort out any I've missed in future edits (or please feel free to fix any I've missed...) Mike Peel 21:55, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Image:Jodrell Bank Observatory.Lovell telescope.jpg has a deprecated PD tag, needs to be fixed.
 * I've swapped it over to Image:Lovell Telescope.jpg. Mike Peel 21:55, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

 * There's a large amount of seemingly trivial information in the lead (with, curiously, a single citation for the appointment of a previous director), I'd move it out of the lead to keep the lead brief and a useful overview of the article.
 * Done. Mike Peel 16:06, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * See WP:HEAD for heading style, so "Searchlight Telescope" should be "Searchlight telescope".
 * I've fixed this one, as "Searchlight Telescope" was never an official name (as far as I know), but the rest should be fine as they're the proper names. Mike Peel 21:55, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Image:Jodrell bank Hut 1945.jpg is so small I can barely make it out!
 * It's now the standard thumbnail size. Mike Peel 21:55, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Why is Bank linked to a disambiguation page?
 * There doesn't seem to be a wikipedia page that properly describes a bank. The closest that I can see is "For a stream bed, river, or canal, a bank is the area of land closest to water found in a channel", which is on that disambiguation page. I've removed the link for now, though. Mike Peel 21:55, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

 * "...(also see William Jauderell)" - why? Write some prose that naturally wikilinks to him or lose it.
 * Rewritten. Mike Peel 21:55, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

 * "The new land included the site upon which the Mark I was sited." - what's a Mark I? No introduction to what it is means it's confusing to the non-expert reader.
 * I've changed it to the modern name, Lovell Telescope, and wikilinked it as such. Mike Peel 21:55, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

 * British English should encourage Second World War rather than the US-sequel version WWII.
 * Changed. Mike Peel 21:55, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

 * "A searchlight was loaned..." is this a telescope or a big light that stops PoW's escaping? Not clear to the non-expert.
 * I've wikilinked it to searchlight; does that make it clear? Mike Peel 21:55, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

 * "On 9 October and October 10, 1946", "11 March and June 12, 1960" - consistent date formats needed.
 * I think that you have your date preferences set to display dates in terms of "Month day, year", because I can't find either of those cases. It's an unfortunate shortcoming with the Mediawiki software that it can't deal with the autoformatting of date ranges. I've tried to keep with the convention of "Day month year" in this article. Mike Peel 16:06, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Why is "(the echo rate is at a minimum at the radiant point, and a maximum at 90 degrees to it)" in parentheses?
 * It's now written into the prose. Mike Peel 16:06, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Avoid single-sentence paragraphs such as "In early August 1947, the searchlight telescope, as well as other receivers on the site, was used to study auroral streamers.[11][12]"
 * This instance has been fixed, and the other single-sentence paragraphs should be sorted shortly. Mike Peel 16:06, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * What are "auroral streamers"? Needs help for non-experts.
 * I've wikilinked this to Aurora (astronomy). Mike Peel 16:06, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Why is Transit Telescope in italics?
 * It no longer is. That was a leftover from when that section was a seperate page. Mike Peel

 * What is "optical remnant"?
 * The remains of the supernovae in visible light, detectable by optical telescopes. I've hopefully clarified this on the article now. Mike Peel 16:06, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * "It discovered radio noise..." surely a person discovered it after the telescope detected it?
 * Clarified; "It was used to discover radio noise ..." Mike Peel 22:29, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

 * "(it is now the third largest)." - nasty, use prose, not parenthesised commentary.
 * Fixed, both on this article and the Lovell Telescope article. Mike Peel 16:06, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * "(including the discovery of millisecond pulsars[26] and also discovered the first pulsar in a globular cluster)" - discovery, discovered... all a bit untidy.
 * Fixed by removing "also discovered" from the second part. Mike Peel 16:06, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Second paragraph of Mark II and III telescopes section is uncited.
 * It is now referenced. Mike Peel 16:06, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * General overuse of parenthesised statements. Why?
 * It was an artifact of my method of writing the article. Hopefully it is now fixed. Mike Peel 16:06, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * MERLIN section uncited.
 * It is now referenced. Mike Peel 16:06, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * "Very Long Baseline Interferometry" is wikilinked on its second use, on its first use it's abbreviated, so wikilink the first and use the abbreviation in the second instance.
 * Fixed. Mike Peel 16:06, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Development Laboratories section has two single-sentence paragraphs.
 * Now fixed. Mike Peel 16:12, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Fictional references section could be written out as prose rather than a grim list.
 * I've done a first rewrite into prose rather than a list. I plan on going through the article rewriting it as necessary before requesting a rereview. Mike Peel 22:29, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

 * "Jodrell Bank was mentioned twice in the book" - then there's a single quote. Seems a bit odd, either both quotes or neither?
 * Both quotes are now given. Mike Peel 22:29, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

 * WP:DASH for page ranges in the references, i.e. use the en-dash to separate page numbers in a range.
 * Hopefully fixed. Mike Peel 22:29, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Some references to Story of Jodrell Bank are italicised, some aren't - be consistent.
 * They are now all italicised. Mike Peel 22:29, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Not sure why there's a Books section if the relevant citations are used in the References section.
 * As I (generally) refer to specific pages in the book, I thought it better if the books were listed afterwards rather than repeatedly giving the full reference. Would it be better if the sections were merged, i.e. so that the numbered references were followed directly by the full references with bullet points? Mike Peel 22:29, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

So, there's a lot to do. I'm going to fail it right now, but will happily re-review if requested in the future once the list above is dealt with. The Rambling Man 16:50, 2 August 2007 (UTC)
 * I believe that I have now addressed all of the points above. Would you be willing to re-review the article, please? Mike Peel 16:12, 5 August 2007 (UTC)
 * Yes, and I have. Re-reviewed and now passed to GA, great re-work and fabulous photo.  Well done.  The Rambling Man 16:49, 8 August 2007 (UTC)

update?
named The Jodcast.[53] The original visitors centre, opened on 19 April 1971 by the Duke of Devonshire,[54] was demolished in 2003; a new science centre is currently being planned.[55]

I came here from Sundial looking to see if it was mentioned. I noticed the above, can it be bought up to date in anyway, 2003 seems a long time ago. Thanks, I left knowing something new. Edmund Patrick ( confer work) 10:08, 14 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Sadly, it _is_ up to date. There's not been much (publicly available) progress since 2003, when the last visitor's centre was demolished.

 * By the way, I haven't seen a Benoy dial around at Jodrell at all; I'm checking into it to see if I can find what's happened to it. Mike Peel 22:36, 14 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks for checking, if it is in store somewhere the sundial site will need to be updated. Sad to hear about the visitor centre (or lack of it)! Edmund Patrick ( confer work) 20:15, 15 October 2007 (UTC)

Correction: the visitor's centre was _mostly_ demolished. Part of it still remains. They are unaware of a Benoy sundial. Mike Peel (talk) 19:35, 8 May 2008 (UTC)

Looks like ref 57 has disappeared, gets a "no longer available" response. user Shoka, not logged in —Preceding unsigned comment added by 195.212.29.179 (talk) 16:30, 5 June 2008 (UTC)

Nothing on...
Nothing about its Cold War use as part of the early warning system? FoCuSandLeArN (talk) 18:24, 10 July 2014 (UTC)
 * That's covered at Lovell_Telescope. Thanks. Mike Peel (talk) 17:33, 26 July 2015 (UTC)
 * : That's not adequate enough. "Thanks". It's of enough importance to include in this article. There is more information at this link: Four-minute_warning 184.167.181.2 (talk) 08:35, 27 October 2015 (UTC)

Luna 9
I have reworded this misleading section: the Soviets asked Jodrell Bank to track Luna 9, as it was the only piece of equipment in the world that was able to do so. the way it was phrased, it insinuated that Britain was spying / snooping on the Luna 9 mission or doing it in some kind of underhand way. The Soviets asked for the UK's assistance in order to prove that the probe had indeed landed on the moon. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.190.148.173 (talk) 20:13, 16 December 2015 (UTC)

Changed to “hacked”, which is the word used by the current director of Jodrell, as quoted on the BBC4 documentary “How Britain Won the Space Race”, episode 1 of 6, shown 23 April 2020. To be clear, the Soviet Union did not ask for this. kentish 20:48, 23 April 2020 BST — Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.25.133.61 (talk)

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title: Talk:Jodrell Bank Observatory


text:
Cologne (region)

Cologne is one of the five governmental districts of the German Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is located in the south-west of that state and covers the hills of the Eifel as well as the Bergisches Land.

It was created on 30 April 1815, as district of the province of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, when Prussia reorganised its internal administration. In 1972 the Regierungsbezirk Aachen was incorporated.

Economy
The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the region was 190.8 billion € in 2018, accounting for 5.7% of German economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 39,300 € or 130% of the EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 110% of the EU average.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Cologne (region)


text:
EMP

EMP or Emp may refer to:

Science and technology

 * Earth Microbiome Project
 * Electromagnetic propulsion
 * Electromagnetic pulse
 * Electron microprobe
 * Embden–Meyerhof pathway
 * Estramustine phosphate
 * Extended Mathematical Programming
 * EMP1, a protein that in humans is encoded by the EMP1 gene
 * EMP2, a protein that in humans is encoded by the EMP2 gene

Firearms

 * EMP 44, a prototype, all-metal submachine gun produced by Erma Werke in 1943
 * Erma EMP, a German submachine gun of the 1930s
 * Springfield Armory EMP, an American semi-automatic pistol

Businesses

 * EMP Merchandising, a German company
 * EMP Label Group, a record company
 * Ericsson Mobile Platforms, a defunct telecommunications company
 * Eleven Madison Park, a high-end restaurant in New York
 * Equipment Management Pool (EMP), an intermodal container service co-run by Union Pacific and Norfolk Southern railroads

Popular culture

 * Lord Emp, a DC comic book character
 * Empowered, the title character of the Empowered graphic novel series

Transport

 * EMP, National Rail station code for Emerson Park railway station, London
 * EMP, FAA location identifier of Emporia Municipal Airport, Kansas

Other uses

 * 5001 EMP, a minor planet
 * "Emp", nickname of David Peacock (American football) (1890–?), American college football player and coach and politician
 * EMP Museum, now the Museum of Pop Culture, in Seattle, Washington
 * Estado Mayor Presidencial, the former Mexican presidential guard
 * emp, the ISO 639-3 code for the Northern Embera language
 * Energy Modelling Platform, a European policy analysis initiative supported by the Horizon 2020 science funding program
 * Efficient Modular Platform 2 (EMP2), a car platform developed by PSA Group

title: EMP


text:
Boricua Popular Army

The Ejército Popular Boricua ("Boricua Popular/People's Army"), also known as Los Macheteros ("The Machete Wielders"), is a clandestine militant and insurgent organization based in Puerto Rico, with cells in the broader US and other nations. It campaigns for, and supports, the independence of Puerto Rico from the United States.

During their first decade of existence, they had an average of two actions per year. The group claimed responsibility for the 1978 bombing of a small power station in the San Juan area, the 1979 retaliation attacks against the United States armed forces personnel, the 1981 Muñiz Air National Guard Base attack, and a 1983 Wells Fargo bank robbery.

Boricua Popular Army was led primarily by former FBI fugitive Filiberto Ojeda Ríos until he was killed by the FBI in 2005. Ojeda Rios' killing was termed "an illegal killing" by the Government of Puerto Rico's Comisión de Derechos Civiles (Civil Rights Commission) after a seven-year investigation and a 227-page report issued on 22 September 2011.

Political stance
The name Machetero was symbolically adopted from an impromptu band of Puerto Ricans who assembled to defend the island of Puerto Rico from the invading forces of the United States Army during the Spanish–American War, between July 26 and August 12, 1898. Macheteros de Puerto Rico were dispatched throughout the island, working in cooperation with other voluntary groups including the Guardias de la Paz in Yauco and Tiradores de Altura in San Juan. These voluntary units were involved in most of the battles in the Puerto Rican Campaign. Their last involvement was in the Battle of Asomante, where along with units led by Captain Hernaíz, defended Aibonito Pass from invading units. The allied offensive was effective, prompting a retreat order from the American side. However, the following morning the initial peace accords between the U.S. and Spain were made public. Subsequently, both Spanish and Puerto Rican soldiers and volunteers disengaged and Puerto Rico was annexed by the United States.

Hierarchy
As established in the EPB's "Organization of the EPB", the organization operates in a systemic and hierarchic structure. The entire organization is overseen by a central committee, which is generally focused on politics and policies. Beneath it lies a military commission, which in turn is divided by sub commissions specialized in finances, intelligence, transportation, provisions and general services and others as needed. Each commando receives additional salary, with specific exemptions being given to marriages, unemployed individuals and those with dependents. In December 1981, the EPB included benefits similar to those in the American military. The organization agreed to medical services and college education pending commission approval. New recruits may be covertly trained in rural farms or in foreign countries (Cuba being an example) and inconspicuous businesses may be used to provide cover to certain individuals. Training includes skills such as lock picking, handling firearms and explosives, forging documents, scuba diving, photography, concealment using makeup and forging license plates. An exercise regime is expected from commandoes afterwards. Meetings are kept to a minimum and only held when relevant.

Structure
The basic units are the "combat units", composed of five foot soldiers that are led by a leader with ties to the political branch. Their weapons and munitions are arbitrarily divided by type, such as short weapons and semi-automatic weapons. Rifles and shotguns are present in each unit to ensure balance. A car was also provided and used both for meetings and in incursions without attracting attention. Units in turn subscribe to specific 17-men cells, with three of the unit leaders forming the hierarchy along a pair of political and military leaders. These cells generally aim to have equipment that is comparable to the American military or law enforcement agencies. Additional support cells include trained medical personnel and are mostly in charge of logistics, maintenance, vehicles, equipment and media. Cells form 73-men formations in charge of a political member, which are assigned to specific districts and are generally independent of each other. The EPB usually plans in advance and establishes networks in places of interest, such as those in New York, Boston, Illinois, Texas and Connecticut used in the Wells Fargo heist of 1983.

Composition
For the most part, individuals affiliated with the EPB are expected to merge into general society and be as inconspicuous as possible, usually holding civilian jobs or studying, some receiving training within the United States military. A newspaper article by La Prensa stated that Michael González Cruz, a professor who published Nacionalismo Revolucionario Puertorriqueño had estimated that in 1999, there may have been 5,700 members and that in 2005, there may have been 1,100 members (excluding sympathizers).

Tactics
The group intentionally avoids any area where crime rates could result in frequent law enforcement interventions and commandos are instructed to be polite and are warned to stay away from illegal activities; association or deals with criminal organizations are prohibited. In keeping a discipline code, the organization also discourages the use of alcohol and prohibits the use of drugs. The EPB attempts to stay away from areas where other nationalist groups are based in order to avoid attention. They also settle away from military or police stations. Meetings are generally held in places with good reputation and in buildings that offer several access points, with heavy precautions being taken to reach their locations untailed. If different units are meeting, commandos are instructed to place hoods or masks and use codenames in order to protect their identities, both to accomplish plausible denial and to root out any law enforcement plant. Information is segregated between groups and only shared in limited detail, when necessary. Incriminating or detailed documents or any other evidence is to be destroyed once the potential of a law enforcement intervention is apparent. While involved in a particular mission, the EPB commandoes regularly assume a faux name, but they usually use this to acquire legitimate documents and select a nondescript address in which to receive mail in a fashion that prevents surveillance, such a P.O. Box or a decoy address where mail is delivered to the community in general. Even ammunitions were given codes such as Manteca for firearms or Libretas for explosives to conceal their nature. Armories were specifically retrofitted to preserve the condition and to prepare new ammunition as needed. Funds are managed strictly and reports are constant in order to keep a balanced budget.

Early actions
The EPB was founded by Filiberto Ojeda Ríos, Juan Enrique Segarra-Palmer and Orlando González Claudio on July 26, 1976, with the date being symbolically used as a reminder of the United States invasion during the Spanish–American War.

Their first communiqué was published on August 25, 1978, following an attack on two policemen that concluded with officer Julio Rodríguez Rivera dead in retaliation for the Cerro Maravilla murders. The federal government claimed the incident was an attempt to steal his police car. On October 2, 1978, the EPB and Volunteers infiltrated an armory and took 500 pounds of ammonium nitrate, dynamite cartridges, 988 blasting caps and 17,500 feet of primacord. In September 1979, the EPB revealed that it was working in conjunction with the Volunteers, FARP and FALN.

On October 17, 1979, the groups execute eight bombings against federal buildings.

On December 3, 1979, a bus carrying 18 American Navy sailors to Naval Security Group Activity Sabana Seca, was forced to stop by a delivery truck. Shortly afterwards, four men appeared from within another vehicle and opened fire, killing CTO1 John R. Ball and RM3 Emil E. White, as well as wounding nine others. On March 13, 1980, the EPB took responsibility for attacking an ROTC vehicle that was moving three soldiers to the UPR.

Pitirre II
In the morning of January 12, 1981, a group of eleven commandos, seven guards and four explosive specialists, set explosives at Muñiz Air National Guard Base, located on the northeastern corner of the Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport in San Juan. The ensuing explosion destroyed nine aircraft (several operational A-7 Corsair II light attack aircraft and a single F-104 Starfighter supersonic fighter-interceptor aircraft being retained for a static display) and two trucks and damaged two ships on loan from the U.S. Air Force, with the authors leaving a machete behind. The destruction of the military equipment ascended to $45–50 million USD.

The FBI responded by receiving permission for a full investigation, which allowed them to employ otherwise forbidden practices to track the group. The EPB in turn expressed pride that the attack represented the most damaging to take place in American soil since Pearl Harbor and expressed satisfaction that it would attract attention to their cause, with some members even considering it a parallel to the Gaspee Affair. The group also sent a video to the media where they explained the composition of the cell in charge of the attack without revealing any identities. The security at the base was criticized in media pieces. The attack later served as the basis for upgrading base security, emphasizing flight line security, at all Air National Guard installations on civilian airports in the United States to the same level as active duty U.S. Air Force installations.

On April 21, 1981, four EPB commandos were able to extract $348,000 from a Wells Fargo armored car, with the group later noting that it would be spent in their cause. In November 1981, the EPB detonated explosives in AEE substations in Santurce, a district of San Juan. When 350 families that occupied a makeshift village in Carolina, Puerto Rico, were removed by the police, the EPB warned the governor that they would retaliate. Afterwards, they made an offensive against the police that resulted in twelve injured and one dead policeman.

On May 16, 1982, EPB members fired rifles at four sailors of the U.S.S. Pensacola, killing one of them. The group later took responsibility for the attack and expressed that it was retaliation for a large-scale amphibious attack training named "Ocean Venture '82" held at Vieques and other military facilities in Puerto Rico. Four days later, On May 20, 1982, the FBI held the EPB responsible for the placement of four defective bombs at the Caribe Hilton Hotel, with the organization denying responsibility. On September 1, 1982, a group of commandos presumed by the FBI to be Macheteros and outfitted with suppressed weapons and wearing military gear and masks, intercepted a Wells Fargo truck in a route between San Juan and Naranjito, but were unable to acquire the cargo. On November 16, 1982, four commandos feigned a heist in a supermarket to redirect those present to its warehouse until their main target, a Wells Fargo truck, arrived.Supported by more armed commandos that arrived in a van, those inside the building gained control of the armored car keys and took $300,000 from it.

Águila Blanca
On September 12, 1983, in an operation entitled Águila Blanca ("White Eagle", the nickname of José Maldonado Román) an EPB agent part of the Los Taínos cell named Víctor Manuel Gerena took over the Wells Fargo depot located in West Hartford, Connecticut, stealing a total of seven million dollars.

In 1984, Carlos Rodríguez Rodríguez was convicted on bank fraud charges and became an FBI informant in exchange for a lower sentence. However, due to the EPB's policies of anonymity, most of the information was hampered by the use of codenames and useless for the investigation. During this time, there were internal issues between Segarra and group leaders Ojeda and Avelino González, with the first being considered inefficient by the others and general concern arising from his reputation as an unfaithful husband. On January 25, 1985, the EPB detonated a bomb in an empty United States Courthouse, later noting that it was a tribute to Juan Antonio Corretjer.

Strategically, the group experienced internal divisions between a faction that argued for more offensive and another that wanted to tread lightly in order to avoid justifying the classification of terrorism. While the pacifist faction carried damage control and held two toy giveaways for Three Kings Day in Puerto Rico, Ojeda was removed from the political branch on June 4, 1985, due to these conflicts, being only left in charge of his unit. Besides the boldness of the action, the EPB strategists were also unsatisfied when Ramírez failed to account for food expenses in his report.

Following the indictments against 19 members for the 1983 Wells Fargo heist, the EPB continued operations and on October 28, 1986, joined the FARP and the Volunteers in planting two explosives in a Navy recruit center and a National Guard Building as a warning not to use Puerto Rico as a training center for the Contras of Nicaragua and plans to introduce a logging industry at El Yunque.

Death of Ojeda Ríos
On September 23, 2005, the anniversary of "el Grito de Lares" ("The Cry of Lares") members of the FBI San Juan field office surrounded a modest home in the outskirts of the town of Hormigueros, Puerto Rico, where Ojeda Ríos was believed to be living in. The FBI claims that it was performing surveillance of the area because of reports that Ojeda Ríos had been seen in the home. In their press release, the FBI stated their surveillance team was detected, and proceeded to serve an arrest warrant against Ojeda Ríos. The FBI claims that as the agents approached the home, shots were fired from inside and outside the house wounding an FBI agent. The FBI alleges it then returned fire fatally wounding Ojeda Ríos.

A subsequent autopsy of Ojeda's body determined that he bled to death over the course of 15 to 30 minutes. The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico Civil Rights Commission started an investigation of the incident shortly after Ojeda Rios' death that lasted 7 years. The 227-page report issued on 22 September 2011 stated that Ojeda Rios's killing was "an illegal killing" by the FBI.

Change in guard; Comandante Guasábara
Following the confrontation that concluded in the death of its former leader, the command of the Boricua Popular Army was inherited by an anonymous figure known as "Comandante Guasábara", named after the Taíno word for "war". Under his leadership, the group appears to have shifted its focus towards intelligence. For example, the group has not recorded a single military action. Instead, Guasábara has generally used the media to publish classified information. Under Guasábara, the Macheteros took an emphasis on publishing pieces regarding the use of Culebra and Vieques as bombing targets for the U.S. Navy; what they perceive as a disproportionate number of military bases on the island (compared to states in the Union); the proportion of deaths within the ranks of the Independence and Nationalist leadership, including the alleged experimentation with radiation on Nationalist leader Pedro Albizu Campos while he was incarcerated; the secret testing of Agent Orange on Puerto Rican soil; and cancer "experiments" administered by Cornelius P. Rhoads, in which he claimed to have killed Puerto Rican patients and injected cancer cells to others, while working as part of a medical investigation conducted in San Juan's Presbyterian Hospital for the Rockefeller Institute.

Opposition to the Fortuño administration (2009–2012)
The Boricua Popular Army took credit for denouncing what was called "paramilitary training" that private corporation Triangle Experience Group was carrying on in the mountains of the municipality of Utuado. The media later revealed that these exercises were being done illegally, in covert fashion and lacking the required permits.

Opposition to the García administration (2013–2017)
On March 9, 2015, Commander Guasábara issued a press release where it attacked the Value Added Tax proposal (better known by its Spanish acronyms "IVA") supported by the Garcia Padilla administration as part of its response to the Puerto Rican debt crisis.

Later that month, the EPB issued a statement where they expressed the belief that a joint drill organized by Garcia Padilla's administration in collaboration with the federal government was in fact a military exercise that was organized to advance the Obama administration's campaign against the socialist government of Venezuela. Known as Operación Respuesta Borinqueña (literally "Operation Puerto Rican Response") and held March 16–21, the training was officially described as a first response practice in an emergency involving tsunamis or a chemical attack. However, Commander Guasábara expressed that a reunion held in the Dominican Republic with the official purpose of coordinating the drill was in fact a reunion between military officials of that nation, Puerto Rico and the United States, which was planned the year before with the collaboration of Venezuelan opposition leaders Carlos M. Tamayo and Carlos Fernandez (collectively known as "Los Carlos"). The Macheteros claims that the representatives of the Puerto Rico national guard protested when the topic was discussed, but the training went ahead unchanged with the supervision of several American generals, including the heads of the USNORTHCOM and USSOUTHCOM. The statement concludes by noting that the EBP's Intelligence Division had been monitoring military exercises carried out by the United States armed forces in the municipalities of Utuado and Lares, also being aware of the presence of a military helicopter in the region.

On July 11, 2015, the EPB issued another statement, this time warning that "they will do what is necessary" according to the moment's circumstances and that "the people should not pay a debt that does not belong to the people". Thorough its spokesman, the group anticipated that "[in its] ineptitude and impotency" the government would exploit the crisis to privatize profits and socialize losses, citing the privatization of the turnpike system, Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport, the Puerto Rico Telephone Company and the Teodoro Moscoso Bridge as previous examples of this tendency. The EBP expressed dissatisfaction in what they perceived as "an environment of indifference" within sectors of local society that "still expect magic solutions" from those responsible for the crisis, which serves as a hindrance to the militant action that they pursue. Commander Guasábara then offers an alliance that oversees previous differences. In asking the rhetoric question "What would you do for yourself, your children and your country?" the Macheteros urged the public to hold an investigation and "judge those responsible" for what they consider an "irresponsible and unnecessary debt [caused by] the corrupt administrations that we have tolerated for 50 years". The EPB concluded this press release by urging the public to "take the streets and manifest their anger in the way that they prefer", but not before stating that the time for marches was gone and that it is "time to take action".

Local arguments
Supporters of independence for Puerto Rico argue that the U.S. favored the establishment of the present Commonwealth status to create a perpetual consumer base for U.S. and foreign products and services. Foreign products and services are redirected to Puerto Rico and other "unincorporated" lands of the United States to satisfy a portion of foreign trade agreements, while allowing domestic products and services a greater "home" market share. Another argument by the independence movement is that the Macheteros are continuing the historical rebellion that Puerto Ricans such as Pedro Albizu Campos and the Nationalist Party have waged, against U.S. domination of the island. It is known, for example, that Los Macheteros deliberately chose September 12 for their Águila Blanca assault on the Wells Fargo depot, because September 12 was the birthday of Puerto Rican Nationalist leader Pedro Albizu Campos. Beginning in the 1960s, the FBI infiltrated Puerto Rico's free press and political circles in order to monitor and disrupt efforts related to independence movements like Los Macheteros. This operation was part of COINTELPRO. The EPB's rebuttal to being classified as a terrorist organization is that per the definition adopted in the 1979 Conference on International Terrorism that posits "deliberate, systematic murder, maiming and menacing of the innocent to inspire fear in order to earn political gains", they do not qualify as such since their targets are strictly the American military or law enforcement and that they have never targeted civilians.

Federal stance
The FBI classifies the EPB as a terrorist organization based on their definition of the term, "[the use of] force or violence [...] in furtherance of political or social objectives", without specification on the target. In 1982, the Senate Subcommittee on the Administration of Internal Security Act compiled a paper titled "The Cuban Connection to Puerto Rican Terrorism" where it claimed that Ojeda was an agent of the Cuban government and in which the FBI knowing where he operated. After the application of the Levi guidelines, only eight groups were classified as requiring full investigation. Of them, five were based in Puerto Rico and besides the EPB also included the FARP, FALN, COR and MLN. In 2001, then-FBI Director Louis J. Freeh reaffirmed the agency's historical stance that the group committed acts of terrorism.

Other assessments
In his book Los Macheteros: The Wells Fargo Robbery and the Violent Struggle for Puerto Rican Independence, Spanish-American author Ronald Fernández argued that based on the descriptions of terrorism and revolutionary violence in books like Benjamin Netanyahu's Terrorism: How the West can Win or Albert Camus' The Rebel, the EPB would not be classified as a terrorist organization, since that would require them to target "anyone except soldiers" and the use of fear as a tactic. Whereas, the organization's target selection, namely the US military/federal government and the avoidance of civilians fits into the classification of a guerrilla or revolutionary group. The author does not condone violence, but uses Camus' argument on "necessary" rebel violence as inexcusable but still "historically necessary". To this end, Fernández identifies that from the EPB's point of view, the deaths at Sabana Seca were "terrible but necessary" despite personally disagreeing, while considering the destruction of military vehicles at Sabana Seca justified from a rebel's standpoint. Ultimately, the author concludes that such labeling could be of political convenience to the federal government, serving to "shift the blame for any attacks on U.S. policy or personnel from us to them".

In art and film
An 80-minute fictional film about a Puerto Rican from New York City who declares himself a self styled machetero, titled MACHETERO, was released in 2008. Starring Not4Prophet (Ricanstruction, X-Vandals, Abrazos Army), as Pedro Taíno, and Isaach De Bankolé (Casino Royale, Ghostdog, Black Panther), as French journalist Jean Dumont, the film takes place in both New York City and Puerto Rico. Other actors include Kelvin Fernández (first starring role) and former political prisoner, Dylcia Pagán. The film was the winner of the 2008 South Africa International Film Festival, 2009 Swansea Film Festival, 2009 Heart of England Film Festival, 2009 International Film Festival Thailand, and the 2009 International Film Festival Ireland.

The first single published by band Calle 13 was "Querido FBI", which was extra-officially released before their debut album, a response to the events of September 23, 2005. It is a protest song, directly addressing the circumstances surrounding the death of Ojeda Ríos. A song was also released by the Hip Hop group, X-Vandals (Not4Prophet and DJ Johnny Juice) entitled Todos Somos Machetero in 2007.

Likewise, the event led to the creation of murals. Some were painted by student movements such as one at UPR Río Piedras, whereas others were painted by urban artists.

Other depictions
The polarizing nature of the organization have also been exploited in the local professional wrestling industry by wrestlers such as Israel "Joseph RPM" Rodríguez, who integrated the moniker of "El Machetero Mayor" (Spanish for "The Grandest Machetero") into his ring name and performed as such throughout Puerto Rico as a member of several independent promotions and the World Wrestling League.

title: Boricua Popular Army


text:
Talk:Carlos Castaneda

Basic content
I'm a little disappointed that the text about his books is mostly about whether it can be believed as factual (or fictional). What about its spiritual value, metaphorical or not? The works have value and guided many people to a greater understanding of the world around us, and of ourselves. Sonofmagni (talk) 19:39, 31 December 2021 (UTC)
 * There are some books about that. Unfortunately the one I'd like to use as a reference is self-published so can't be used. It showed that the whole chronology, when put together, is consistent and that the system of practice, once you pull it out and organize it, is also consistent. Alas. IIRC I found a similar book by another author, also self-published. In any case, I also find this interesting, if only there were sources. Perhaps in time... Skyerise (talk) 20:54, 31 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Whoever wrote his books are now generally considered to be fictional has not read the books, several times, and has not done the research on how spiritual teachers responded to what Castaneda was writing at that time.
 * Shame. 2001:569:7337:6600:BC4C:86C4:8AF8:1E44 (talk) 08:45, 3 February 2024 (UTC)
 * Further to the above, Castaneda did NOT go into ANY of his experiences with Don Juan with a title for his books in mind. These are an afterthought by his publishers.  It took 8 years to publish book 1, in which time notes and memories required organization and deep meditation, respectively.  It is shocking to read that Wikipedia states these works as fiction.
 * Im not done with this… ElNuevoSol (talk) 09:08, 3 February 2024 (UTC)

New sources of info on Carlos Castaneda and Nagualism
I think it would be expedient to add a new source on Carlos Castaneda and Nagualism to the External Links list (downloadable PDF, public domain):

https://archive.org/details/nagualism-volume-1-4th-ed-2022-the-teachings-of-don-juan-eng-esp-ukr-rus/mode/1up

also referred to at:

https://www.reddit.com/r/castaneda/comments/rkuqn2/nagualism_volume_1_of_20_the_teachings_of_don/ — Preceding unsigned comment added by Media66 (talk • contribs) 06:36, 11 March 2022 (UTC)

 * Disagree. The source is not in English and it appears to be self-published. Please provide an ISBN if you disagree. Skyerise (talk) 12:09, 11 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Most source texts are in English and there are only 3 source materials in Spanish with parallel English translation. As I see, this is the most comprehensive collection of materials relating to Castaneda's "The Teachings of Don Juan" many of which are not known to the general public. They certainly will be of interest to those who want to know more about Castaneda and nagualism. I didn't find ISBN, however I think that for such a creative research publication this should not be a major issue. Media66 (talk) 13:59, 11 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Besides, archive.org is a legal library, what's the problem with linking to it? Media66 (talk) 14:10, 11 March 2022 (UTC)
 * We don't link to self-published material. The links are usually added by someone with a conflict of interest for promotional purposes. And you appear to be a promoter. Also, the work appears violate the copyrights of the translators of Castaneda's works and Wikipedia may not link to copyright-violating works. Again, if you believe this book is legitimately published, please provide the ISBN. Skyerise (talk) 16:23, 11 March 2022 (UTC)

Early life
Why should the naturalization record not be a valid source? By the way, I do think it is relevant that Castaneda claimed to be born at a different time and place, and the sources are mentioned in note 1 and footnotes 1-3. --Kuhni74 (talk) 11:53, 21 July 2022 (UTC)

Cavrdg (talk) 19:52, 21 July 2022 (UTC)
 * I could find no path to validate the number. I searched the US government archives and couldn't find it. If a source can't be validated - it's not usable. If you can point me to where I can see the record online - at a reliable source - please let me know. Anastrophe (talk) 17:59, 21 July 2022 (UTC)
 * There's an image on Ancestry, under
 * U.S., Naturalization Record Indexes, 1791-1992 (Indexed in World Archives Project) for Carlos Arana Castaneda
 * California
 * Naturalization Index Cards of the U.S. District Court For the Southern District of California, Central Division (Los Angeles), 1915-1976 (M1525)
 * Carrafa, Rocco - Chamberlin, Rose Marie (1930-1976)
 * The text reads:
 * No. 7957695
 * Name CASTENEDA, Carlos Arana
 * Calif.
 * residing at 1128 N. New Hampshire, Apt 4, L. A. 29/
 * Date of birth 12/25/1925
 * Date of order of admission Jun 21 1957
 * Date certificate issued Jun 21 1957
 * by the U.S. District Court at Los Angeles, California
 * Petition No. 199531
 * Alien Registration No. 8 108 676
 * Thank you very much Cavrdg! I have restored the content with a proper source, and from the info in that I was able to dig deeper and found another source with an excellent image of his petition for naturalization. I appreciate the help! Anastrophe (talk) 21:31, 21 July 2022 (UTC)
 * Thank you both very much for your work! Would you agree that these better sources should also be added to "note 1" (nb)? And what about mentioning that Castaneda claimed different dates / places of birth? There are several other texts to be found via google that use this (wrong) information, and I think that the article should point out what is true and what was made up by him. Or is "note 1" sufficient? --Kuhni74 (talk) 08:42, 22 July 2022 (UTC)
 * I see your point re Note 1. I also see it as somewhat problematic - it contains much more info than the existing 'early life' section, and some of the sources are questionable - the Time magazine source has 'subscriber' in the link, and no byline, for example. I think most of the info and sourcing should be folded into the 'early life' section and then we drop note 1, since it's redundant after a fashion. But there's a lot to go through in all that, and it's more work than I'm willing to devote to it at the moment... Anastrophe (talk) 20:29, 22 July 2022 (UTC)

Neoshamanism : can we add his role in the emergence of this New Age spiritual movement ?
In the article on neoshamanism, Carlos Castaneda is cited as one of the writers who influenced the emergence of this New Age spiritual movement.

Here is the quote : "Three writers in particular are seen as promoting and spreading ideas related to shamanism and neoshamanism: Mircea Eliade, Carlos Castaneda, and Michael Harner."

Here is the reference : Scuro, Juan & Rodd, Robin (2015). "Neo-Shamanism". Encyclopedia of Latin American Religions. Springer International Publishing. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-08956-0_49-1

If there is no objections, I will add his role in the emergence of neoshamanism in the lead section.

Sincerely, Xavharel (talk) 14:10, 21 October 2022 (UTC)

A Certificate of Baptism shows his birthdate as December 26, 1925
A certificate of baptism from his hometown of Cajamarca dated December 26, 1926 shows his birthdate being December 26, 1925. The actual month is covered in the scan by the picture, but it shows his birthday as being the 26th and birthyear as being 1925. It also shows his name at that point in time as "Carlos César Arana Castañeda" and not the birthname shown on the article. Any thoughts?

Picture: https://a.thumbs.redditmedia.com/LWaofZtkJdEdYDoiMj-xbX86tDq99zjDhBDWeBJqow0.png Cypher056E (talk) 05:42, 19 April 2023 (UTC)

 * Would need something far more reliable than this to make a change. cheers. anastrophe, an editor he is. 20:25, 19 April 2023 (UTC)

Error in citation
Footnote has 'Donald Wieve'; it should be 'Donald Wiebe.' 195.252.220.199 (talk) 02:08, 6 July 2023 (UTC)

 * Fixed. Thannks! Skyerise (talk) 11:41, 6 July 2023 (UTC)

Uncited death claims
This uncited claim has been removed from the article for discussion and to allow for editors to provide citations. It appears to be original research based on primary sources. We'd need a reliable secondary source for this. Also, assuming C. J. Castaneda is a living person, our WP:BLP policy applies here, especially as this is about a purported but unsubstantiated legal action. It can't be in the article uncited for that reason. Skyerise (talk) 21:48, 13 July 2023 (UTC)

"Redacted" Skyerise (talk) 21:48, 13 July 2023 (UTC)
 * I've removed the content entirely as a blatant WP:BLP violation. Each individual statement would need a reliable source for any of the above to be restored to the article. -- Ponyo bons mots 22:29, 13 July 2023 (UTC)

Who is David Silverman?
The "Modern perspectives" part mentions a "David Silverman" who seems to have written a book on Castaneda, but that's about all the information I found. I'd have added a template but he page is protected.

 * The ISBN is provided, which means you can find the book on Google Books, where you'll find he is Professor Emeritus, Sociology Department, Goldsmiths College and Visiting Professor, Management Department, King's College, University of London. Google is your friend. Skyerise (talk) 11:06, 22 July 2023 (UTC)

Initial response section
The general initial response by reviewers was positive; this should certainly be covered by the article along with the critics. I'd say it would be most illuminating to present the major responses chronologically. For example, the New York Times review mentioned but not cited was clearly a response that preceded the then-as-yet-unpublished criticism by Weston La Barre. When and where was La Barre's criticism published? The books were an initially considered factual and phenomenal—and this lasted for some years before the view that the material is fictional became predominant, but the article gives no clue that this was the case, making it a much less interesting read. Skyerise (talk) 21:56, 19 August 2023 (UTC)

For the convenience of those who may not have lived through this period, here's a summary:

 * 1) 1960s - Early 1970s: Castaneda's early books, starting with "The Teachings of Don Juan: A Yaqui Way of Knowledge" (1968), gain popularity among counterculture and spiritual communities. Readers are intrigued by the vivid descriptions of shamanic experiences and alternative perspectives on reality.
 * 2) Late 1970s - 1980s: As Castaneda publishes more books, skepticism about the authenticity of his experiences and the accuracy of his accounts grows. Critics from both academic and spiritual circles question the validity of his claims and the lack of verifiable evidence.
 * 3) 1980s - 1990s: Despite the controversies, Castaneda's books continue to have a significant impact on New Age spirituality and alternative thought. Some readers consider them as sources of inspiration and insight into alternative ways of understanding reality.
 * 4) 1990s - 2000s: Scholars, anthropologists, and experts in indigenous cultures continue to scrutinize Castaneda's works. Many point out inconsistencies, contradictions, and inaccuracies in his descriptions of Yaqui culture and shamanic practices. Debates arise about whether Castaneda's writings can be considered legitimate academic or anthropological works.
 * 5) 2000s - Present: Carlos Castaneda passes away in 1998, leaving behind a legacy that continues to divide opinions. Some view his books as valuable contributions to spiritual literature, focusing on their philosophical and experiential aspects rather than their literal truth. Others criticize the lack of concrete evidence supporting his claims and question the ethics of his interactions with the Yaqui people.

Until the 1990s, the critics were a minority view; during the 90s they became the majority view. Hope this helps. Skyerise (talk) 22:19, 19 August 2023 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 24 February 2024
In the section titled "Related writers and influence," please add the following item to the list:

• Oliver Stone named his production company Ixtlan after Castaneda's book Journey to Ixtlan.

source: https://www.interviewmagazine.com/film/oliver-stone-1

Thanks. Elsa "Rosalie" Bannister (talk) 13:57, 24 February 2024 (UTC)

 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: We have an article on the book, Journey to Ixtlan which would be a more appropriate place for the suggested content. Skyerise (talk) 14:20, 24 February 2024 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on the Ides of March 2024
The last line in the "Reception" section "Later responses" sub-section should be removed: "The fact that his twelve titles have sold over twenty-eight million copies, and still sell tens of thousands of copies a year, would indicate that those interested in the perspective of the world that Castaneda's books present find his reporting of value."

That's blatant weasel wording of no value to the encyclopedia. It's akin to saying, "Sure, he's a fraud, but he sold well, so who cares?" At the very least, calling it "reporting" and not "writing" or even "fiction" is biased. "Reporting" suggests it is true and objective. "Writing" just acknowledges it is words, one way or the other. "Fiction" would be justifiable based upon the previous information. The existence of this sentence is trying to snobbishly dismiss the entire section for no sensible reason. 2601:840:8080:4B10:C8EB:2D27:E2CB:1EB0 (talk) 11:36, 15 March 2024 (UTC)

 * I removed the entire last paragraph, as it was completely unsourced. Skyerise (talk) 11:42, 15 March 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Carlos Castaneda


text:
Gender feminism

Gender feminism may refer to:

 * A term used by Christina Hoff Sommers in the 1994 book Who Stole Feminism?
 * A form of difference feminism
 * Care-focused feminism

title: Gender feminism


text:
USS Thompson (DD-305)

USS Thompson (DD-305), a Clemson-class destroyer of the U.S. Navy named in honor of Secretary of the Navy Richard W. Thompson (1809–1900), never saw action against an enemy. She was the first Navy ship of that name; the second, USS Thompson (DD-627), named for Robert M. Thompson, served during World War II and the Korean War.

History
The keel of the first Thompson was laid down on 25 September 1918, at San Francisco, by the Bethlehem Steel Corporation. She was launched on 15 January 1919, sponsored by Mrs. Herbert H. Harris, and was commissioned at the Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Vallejo, California, on 16 August 1920.

On 4 September, Thompson departed San Francisco for a shakedown training cruise which took her as far southward as Magdalena Bay in Baja California Sur. She returned to San Diego, on 29 September, to operate with the Battle Fleet as part of Destroyer Division (DesDiv) 32, Destroyer Squadron (DesRon) 11. After initial fleet operations off the west coast, Thompson departed from San Diego on 7 January 1921, to take part in fleet maneuvers off Panama and later off the Chilean coast, south of Valparaíso.

Departing from Valparaíso on 4 February, she steamed with DesDiv 32 to Balboa, Canal Zone, and thence to La Unión, El Salvador. Departing that port on 27 February, she proceeded north and soon resumed operations out of San Diego. Her cruises ranged as far north as Seattle, Washington.

Following her return from exercises to the northward on 21 June she operated off the California coast. On 10 December she departed San Diego and steamed to the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, Washington, for regular overhaul.

Upon completion of the refit, Thompson headed for San Diego on 8 February 1922, for resumption of operations with the Battle Fleet. In the following years, she worked out of San Diego and took part in winter and spring maneuvers off Panama, on occasion transiting the Panama Canal for fleet exercises in the Caribbean Sea.

On 15 April 1926, Thompson steamed with the Fleet from San Francisco for fleet problems in Hawaiian waters. Upon completion of this training on 1 July she departed Pearl Harbor with the Fleet, bound for a goodwill cruise to Australia and New Zealand. After calling at Pago Pago, Samoa, on 10 and 11 July, she arrived in Melbourne on 23 July. In company with sister ships USS Kennedy (DD-306), USS Decatur (DD-341), and USS Farquhar (DD-304), Thompson left Melbourne on 6 August and made port at Dunedin, New Zealand, four days later.

Putting out to sea after a 10-day visit there, Thompson visited Wellington from 22 to 24 August. She then proceeded home across the Pacific, via Pago Pago and Pearl Harbor, and reached San Diego on 26 September.

For the remainder of her career, Thompson continued her operations with DesDiv 32, DesRon 11. Early the next year, she made a brief visit to the east coast, calling at Norfolk, Virginia, Newport, Rhode Island, and New York City, before returning to San Diego and serving out the rest of her days in operations along the west coast.

Under the terms of the 1930 London Naval Treaty limiting naval tonnage and armaments, Thompson was decommissioned on 4 April 1930, struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 22 June 1930; and sold for scrap on 10 June.

Fate
Following her sale, she served as a floating restaurant in lower San Francisco Bay during the depression years of the 1930s. In February 1944, the Navy repurchased the ship and partly sank her in the mud flats of San Francisco Bay, south of the San Mateo Bridge, where Army and Navy aircraft carried out bombing runs with dummy bombs.

Portions of the wreck remain above the waterline to this day. She is commonly referred to as the "South Bay Wreck" and many tide tables reference her as a calculation point.

title: USS Thompson (DD-305)


text:
USS Thompson (DD-627)

USS Thompson (DD-627) (later DMS-38) was first a Gleaves-class destroyer, then became an Ellyson-class destroyer minesweeper. She was the second Navy ship named "Thompson", and the first named in honor of Robert M. Thompson.

World War II
The keel of the second Thompson was laid down on 22 September 1941, at Seattle, Washington, by the Seattle-Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation. She was launched on 15 July 1942, sponsored by Miss Sara Thompson Ross, and commissioned on 10 July 1943.

Following operations along the west coast, Thompson departed San Diego, on 19 August, bound for the east coast. She arrived at Norfolk, Virginia on 1 September, prior to departing the next day for the coast of Maine and arriving at Casco Bay on 3 September. The destroyer then headed south to the Boston Navy Yard where she underwent repairs. She next engaged in exercises off the Massachusetts coast before returning to Casco Bay on 23 September for training.

On 5 October, she escorted USS Arkansas (BB-33) into New York and joined the screen for USS Texas (BB-35) for nine days of exercises in shore bombardment and other drills before joining convoy UGS-21 which sailed from Norfolk, bound for North Africa. Thompson served as an escort, keeping ships in the channel as they plodded out to sea and prodding them to close up and keep in formation, while her echo-ranging gear was alert for prowling submarines off Chesapeake Bay. One day out, 16 October, (UGS.21 sailed from Hampton Roads on 5 November, and therefore I believe this to be 6 November) the wind and sea rose, presaging a heavy storm which served to scatter parts of the convoy and cause Thompson to note in her log numerous times, "telling stragglers to close up." After the transatlantic voyage, Thompson was released from escort duty on 31 October, to proceed to Casablanca, French Morocco.

One week later, the destroyer, attached to DesDiv 36, was homeward-bound with Convoy GUS-20. On 24 November, Thompson entered New York harbor with the convoy and then proceeded independently to the New York Navy Yard for voyage repairs. She sailed for Casco Bay on 5 December, and conducted refresher training en route.

On 7 December, Thompson and USS Baldwin (DD-624) screened USS New Jersey (BB-62) as the battleship conducted high-speed runs and turning trials. Later that day, the three ships engaged in night illumination and spotting practice before carrying out the same program on 8 December.

After returning to Casco Bay, Thompson again put to sea, bound for Norfolk. During the night of 10 December, the winds increased to 70 knots (130 km/h) with high seas and a low barometer. By 07:35, it became necessary to rig in her already battered whaleboats and reduce speed to 12 knots (22 km/h).

Thompson put into Norfolk on 12 December. Two days later she joined Convoy UGS-27, bound for North Africa. On 27 December, she made a depth charge run on what her log termed "a questionable target".

Entering Casablanca harbor on 3 January 1944, Thompson and her fellow escorts were soon assigned to Convoy GUS-27, bound for Norfolk, where they arrived on 24 January. After alternating between New York, Boston, and Casco Bay, she departed Norfolk on 18 March, bound for Trinidad.

Invasion of Normandy, April–July 1944
Returning to Norfolk six days later, Thompson operated along the east coast until mid-April when she joined the build-up of forces for the invasion of western Europe. On 18 April, she rendezvoused with Baldwin, Arkansas, USS Tuscaloosa (CA-37), USS Nevada (BB-36), and the rest of Destroyer Squadron 18 (DesRon18) – to which Thompson was attached – and sailed for England. This force arrived at Plymouth, England, on 28 April, and prepared for duties during the forthcoming invasion.

On 4 May 1944, Thompson participated in landing exercise "Fabius", one of the many preliminaries to the landing on Normandy. On 9 May, she conducted shore bombardment practice at Slapton Sands, England; on 13 May, she fired antiaircraft practice off Ailsa Craig, Scotland, and, on 16 May, she engaged in division tactics and further bombardment exercises off the Irish coast.

On 15 April, she anchored at Belfast Lough, Northern Ireland. The following day, 16 April, Nevada, Texas, and Destroyer Division 36 (DesDiv 36) departed for exercises off the Irish coast before returning to Belfast Lough. Three days later, on 19 April, General Dwight D. Eisenhower inspected the ship. Underway on 20 April, she conducted anti-E-boat exercises through 22 April. In these operations, she fired star shells and practiced illumination tactics for dealing with the foreseen danger of Schnellbooten. After more shore bombardment practice, in which her five-inch and Bofors gunners exercised at their battle stations and sharpened up their gunnery, she put out of Belfast Lough for Plymouth and thence proceeded to the Isle of Portland, where she arrived on 27 April.

The next day, German Heinkel He 111s bombed and mined the harbor, causing no small amount of work for harried minesweeper crews. But, with this danger soon swept away, the Allied forces could resume the nearly complete preparations for the upcoming Normandy invasion.

On 5 June, she joined Task Group 124.7 (TG124.7), Convoy O-1, bound for Omaha Beach. She and her charges arrived off the Normandy beaches after an uneventful, but storm-tossed, evening. Thompson then received her fire support orders to take station off Pointe de la Percée as a unit of TG124.9. En route, she stood to action stations, her guns trained out and ready for any eventuality as the drama of history's greatest landing operation unfolded around her.

She arrived off Pointe du Hoc as Army rangers were struggling to gain a foothold on the rocky promontory. Thompson spotters could not see much at that moment, as Army aerial bombardments had obscured the area with smoke and dust. But when the haze cleared away, the destroyer's main battery opened fire with a vengeance, tongues of flame flashing from her gun muzzles as her salvos screamed shoreward. One by one, her targets of opportunity disappeared as her salvos struck "on target." She then lay-to awaiting remaining enemy guns to reveal themselves with tell-tale flashes.

Later in the day, she cruised closer inshore and located three giant German Würzburg radar antennas. Once again, her spotting was deadly accurate, and one of the radar "dishes" toppled over, shattered by Thompson shells. Soon after, the wreckage of the two other antennas joined the first one in the dust.

Thompson smaller guns also got into the fray. Her 40 mm batteries shredded concealments of shore batteries and sniper nests, working in close conjunction with shore spotting teams who ferreted out the hidden enemy. Among her other targets was a fortified house. Solidly constructed, it had withstood numerous coastal storms. But on 6 June 1944, its solid Norman masonry could not hold up to a few rounds of five-inch (127 mm) high explosives; and down it tumbled, into a pile of rubble.

The following day, 7 June, Thompson gunners were at it again – this time, in support of the Rangers at Point du Hoc. Once more, her 40 mm and five-inch (127 mm) batteries shot the enemy out of his sniper nests and gun positions before setting course for Portland, to anchor in Weymouth Bay to replenish her depleted fuel and ammunition stocks.

On 8 June, Thompson and her companion Satterlee (DD-626) steamed back to Omaha beach. On the evening of 9 June, the Germans struck back in a stealthy E-boat attack. Thompson, screening as part of the Allied naval craft gathered there, joined in commencing fire on the intruders who were successfully driven off, retiring to the northward at high speed. On 10 June, her 20 mm and 40 mm gunners splashed a low-flying German "snooper" airplane.

At 01:00 on 11 June, another E-boat attack developed from the northward. Here, as before, the long hours spent in night illumination and spotting practice exercises paid off handsome dividends. Thompson fired star shells, which revealed the shadowy E-boats. British steam gun boats Grey Wolf (SGB-8) and Grey Goose (SGB-9) then darted in to ward off the intruders under the watchful eye of the destroyermen.

On 12 June, Thompson embarked a party (which included Admiral Ernest J. King and Generals Dwight D. Eisenhower, George C. Marshall, and Henry H. Arnold) and transported them across the channel to the invasion beaches at Omaha and then returned to Plymouth with Admiral King and his party embarked. A motor launch with the officers mentioned above was launched to bring them in. An unknown ship was ahead of the motor launch and struck a mine.

Thompson continued to operate off Normandy beaches throughout the remainder of June 1944, steaming often between the Baie de la Seine, and Plymouth, England. On one occasion, she served as the flagship of Rear Admiral Alan G. Kirk, Naval Commander, Western Task Forces, for a quick visit to Cherbourg; on another, she once more served as a transport for General Eisenhower.

On 24 July 1944, Thompson steamed for North Africa, transiting the Straits of Gibraltar and arriving at Bizerte four days later. Underway in company with the rest of Destroyer Division 36 (DesDiv36) on the 29th, she left Bizerte bound for Oran, Algeria, arriving on 30 July. Thompson reached Naples on 6 August and joined the Allied expeditionary forces amassing for Operation Dragoon, the invasion of southern France. Underway with Convoy SF-1, bound for the assault area, Thompson served in the screen and patrolled offshore throughout the operation from 15 to 21 August.

After a brief tender availability from 28 August to 1 September, she returned to the southern France beachheads to continue patrols through 18 September before steaming to Mers-El-Kebir, Morocco, where she arrived four days later, on 22 September. On 23 September she departed Mers-El-Kebir and headed for the United States. Arriving at Bermuda on 1 October, she commenced Navy Yard availability on 3 October, which lasted through 27 October of that month. For the remainder of 1944, Thompson operated off the east coast of the United States.

On 3 January 1945, the destroyer joined Convoy UGS-86, bound for North African ports. Entering Mers-El-Kebir on 20 January, she remained in North African waters until 1 February, when she joined the screen of Convoy GUS-68, en route to the United States. Arriving off New York on 13 February, the New York section of the convoy was detached. Thompson continued on with the Boston section, where she commenced a 10-day availability at the Boston Navy Yard on 15 February.

Following these repairs, she steamed to Norfolk, Virginia, conducting gunnery exercises en route. On 1 March, she sortied with Convoy UGF-21, bound for North Africa, and arrived in North African waters on 12 March. The following month, after returning to the United States, she again escorted a North African convoy, this time UGS-85, commencing on 7 April.

On 30 May, Thompson was reclassified as a fast minesweeper and given hull classification symbol DMS-38. She spent the month of June undergoing conversion for her new mission, commencing on 5 June. She completed her yard work on 29 June. During a post-conversion period, she conducted her first minesweeping exercises, with magnetic sweep equipment, in Chesapeake Bay. She also calibrated her radar, conducted antiaircraft exercises, and practiced laying mines. On 1 August, she departed the Virginia Capes and steamed toward the Panama Canal Zone, where she arrived on 7 August. While underway on 14 August, she received the news Japan had surrendered. On 18 August, she arrived at San Diego.

Post World War II
During September, Thompson moved westward, stopping at Pearl Harbor on 8 September and Eniwetok on 21 September. Arriving at Buckner Bay on 28 September, she put in just in time to take on fuel and head out to sea as a typhoon swirled north. Shortly after the ship returned to Buckner Bay, yet another typhoon warning scrambled the Fleet and set it seaward into the East China Sea once more. On 9 October, the center of Typhoon Louise smashed through Okinawa, but Thompson was well-clear and suffered no damage. She and her sister-ships in Mine Division 61 (MineDiv 61), formed a scouting line four miles (6 km) apart on 10 October, keeping careful lookout while returning to Buckner Bay, searching for life rafts, derelicts, or men in the water.

On 16 October, Thompson, in company with MineDiv61, headed to sea from Buckner Bay to commence sweeping operations in area "Rickshaw" in the Yellow Sea. En route the following day, Thompson sighted several floating mines and destroyed them by gunfire.

On 19 October, the force arrived at "Rickshaw," joined by PGM-29, PGM-30, and PGM-31. Thompson began her initial actual minesweeping at the northeast end of known mine lanes. The following day, Thompson swept her first mine – the first one swept by the task group. By 17 November, "Rickshaw" had been swept clean of Japanese mines, with Thompson scoring high with 64 mines located and destroyed.

After a short tender availability at Sasebo, Japan, the base of operations for MineDiv 61, Thompson steamed to Nagoya, Japan, to become flagship of the task group sweeping nearby waters. Completing this operation by mid-December, the minesweeper steamed back via Wakayama to Sasebo. During the last week in 1945, she assisted in the unsuccessful search for survivors of Minivet (AM-371), sunk by a mine explosion off Tsushima, northwest of Kyūshū, Japan.

The ship spent January and February 1946 in Japanese home waters, and then steamed for Bikini Atoll to assist in sweeping operations to prepare the area for Operation Crossroads tests of atomic bombs to be conducted there in July. Before the tests took place, Thompson headed back to the United States. She remained at San Francisco, through July and then spent two months in overhaul at the Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Vallejo, California. From Mare Island, she returned to San Francisco to operate out of that port until late in the year. After six months of operation at San Francisco, she sailed for China on 10 February 1947, and proceeded via Pearl Harbor, Guam, and Kwajalein to Tsingtao.

Following six months duty with American occupation forces in Chinese waters, Thompson returned to the United States in early September 1947 and arrived at San Diego, California, on 2 October. Transferred to the operational command of Destroyers, Pacific Fleet, with the abolition of the Pacific Fleet Minecraft command, Thompson operated out of San Diego as a destroyer until 29 April 1948, when she returned again to Mare Island for a two-month overhaul. In July, she returned to San Diego and underwent training operations off the west coast, activities in which she was engaged for the remainder of 1948.

In January 1949, Thompson again set course for China in company with Destroyer Division 52. En route, however, the ships received orders to put about for the west coast after spending a few days in Hawaii, arriving at San Diego on 4 February 1949.

Thompson and three of her sister fast-minesweepers then became Mine Squadron One (MineRon 1) and were assigned to the General Line School at Monterey, California. They alternated in these operations between Monterey and San Diego for the remainder of 1949. After spending the first three months of 1950 in routine exercises and cruises out of San Diego, Thompson steamed for Pearl Harbor on 6 April 1950, for a three-month overhaul.

Korean War
While in the yard, she received news that North Korean armed forces had invaded South Korea crossing the 38th parallel. Completing her overhaul ahead of schedule, Thompson returned to San Diego on 20 July and began an accelerated and rigorous underway training period which lasted through August and part of September 1950.

On 4 October 1950, Thompson and sister ship USS Carmick (DD-493) departed San Diego, and arrived at Pearl Harbor five days later. The next day, they got underway for Midway Atoll. Twenty-four hours from their destination, orders directed them to patrol off Wake Island during the meeting of General Douglas MacArthur and President Harry Truman. Thompson remained there overnight, refueling at sea from USS Guadalupe (AO-32) before proceeding to Japan, arriving at Sasebo on 21 October.

While Thompson and Carmick had steamed across the Pacific, United Nations forces had been rallying after the initial heavy losses and retreats at the hands of the communist armies. Accordingly, the American Eighth Army put heavy pressure on North Korean troops, pushing them towards P'yŏngyang, on the west coast of Korea. This thrust was stretching the Army's supply lanes. To remedy this problem, an operation was mounted to open up the mined port of Chinnampo, some 50 km southwest of P'yŏngyang, at the mouth of the Taedong River.

This required ingenuity and resourcefulness, not least because of a lack of minesweeping craft at the start of operations. Thompson and Carmick, newly arrived in the "Land of the Morning Calm", were detailed to join the makeshift minesweeping organization recently established under Commander Stephen M. Archer. Consisting of USS Forrest Royal (DD-872), USS Catamount (LSD-17), USS Horace A. Bass (APD-124), USS Pelican (AMS-32), USS Swallow (AMS-36), and USS Gull (AMS-16), Japanese LST Q-007, four Republic of Korea minesweepers, and a helicopter from USS Rochester (CA-124), this task group performed a nearly impossible feat in slightly over two weeks. Before too long, American ships were bringing in supplies to the advancing Eighth Army. After a week of patrol duties off the newly swept port escorting logistics ships now able to utilize the channel, Thompson left the bitterly cold region behind for a week of repairs and resupply at Sasebo.

In early November, however, the entry of Chinese communist forces into the war vastly altered the strategic picture. In the face of heavy onslaughts, United Nations troops retreated. One port which served as an evacuation point was Chinnampo, familiar to Thompson men as a result of the minesweeping operation conducted a scant month before.

While United Nations warships conducted bombardments of advancing communist troops, Thompson escorted troopships out of the harbor in dense fog and through treacherous tidal currents to assist in the evacuation. For her part in this action, Thompson received the Navy Unit Commendation.

After replenishment, she served as harbor control vessel at Incheon, Korea. Two days after Christmas, she suddenly received orders to head for Sasebo, where MineRon 1 was to be regrouped. Arriving at the Japanese port on 27 December, she departed on 30 December 1950, in company with USS Doyle (DMS-34) and USS Endicott (DMS-35) for minesweeping assignments on the east coast of Korea. There, she spent close to three weeks engaged in clearance sweeps so that support ships could take fire-support stations to assist ground forces ashore.

In late January 1951, after a month in the arduous and cold conditions of that region, Thompson returned to Sasebo for repairs. These included drydocking for work on the hull, and, as a result of the docking period, the availability was extended another three weeks, before she departed for minesweeping operations again in mid-February.

Using Wonsan as a base, she operated to the northward, eventually sweeping Kyoto Wan deep, 60 mi south of the Manchurian border. While sweeping off the key railway nexus of Sŏngjin, Thompson ran across a new minefield and cut seven mines as she passed through on her sweep. Later, she operated in the screen for USS Missouri (BB-63) and USS Manchester (CL-83), while they operated in that area on shore bombardment duties.

At Chuuron Jang, she herself destroyed two railroad bridges with her pinpoint gunnery. Also during this period, she took part in "junk-busting" operations up and down the coast, being on the lookout for suspicious junks used by communist forces for infiltration and minelaying operations. On one occasion, while underway north of Sŏngjin, she sighted six North Korean junks in a cove. Once again, as at the Normandy "D-day" landings, Thompson gunners opened fire with a vengeance and sank all six communist boats.

After a month of such operations, she returned to Sasebo for upkeep. From 1 April 1951 to 3 November, Thompson returned to shell communist defense positions, supply lines, and troop concentrations. On 14 June, however, it was the enemy's turn to hit back. Thompson gunners had just completed the destruction of a railroad bridge near Sŏngjin when communist shore batteries opened fire, soon straddling the ship. One shell struck the bridge and knocked out the ship's fire control gear. In retaliation, Thompson gunners destroyed one enemy battery and damaged another. With three dead and three wounded, Thompson retired.

On 3 November 1951, Thompson departed from Korean waters, homeward bound. She steamed into San Diego Bay on 20 November and thence proceeded to the Mare Island Naval Shipyard for overhaul. After post-repair trials, she conducted operations on the west coast and underwent a restricted availability at Long Beach, California. Thompson spent the remainder of 1951 and the first part of 1952 in continental United States waters before departing San Diego on 23 June 1952.

Arriving at Pearl Harbor six days later, she continued on to Yokosuka, where she arrived on 18 July. After a short availability alongside destroyer tender USS Frontier (AD-25), Thompson proceeded to Sŏngjin, arriving off that port on 11 August 1952.

In contrast to her earlier Korean tours, when her minesweeping duties were intermingled with destroyer-type operations, Thompson was now free to operate as a destroyer for coast patrol and gunfire support duties. Sweeping was now done by AMs and AMSs and was all done at night.

The communists, too, had changed tactics. More guns were brought in to defend the coasts, while enemy accuracy had improved as well. On 20 August 1952, once more off Sŏngjin, Thompson was taken under fire by a Chinese battery. A shell hit the flying bridge, killing four and wounding nine. Thompson attempted to return the fire, but the excellently concealed shore guns made the return shelling's accuracy difficult and ineffective. Retiring from the scene, the stricken Thompson transferred her casualties to USS Iowa (BB-61), then operating 16 miles (30 km) south of Sŏngjin.

Five days later, the minesweeper arrived at Sasebo on 26 August for tender availability, repairing her engines and battle damage, before she headed north to Sŏngjin. She remained off this unlucky port from 13 September to 12 October 1952, occasionally patrolling to the northernmost extremity of the United Nations blockade before again returning to Sasebo.

From 3 November to 1 December 1952, Thompson operated in Wonsan harbor, as part of the United Nations blockade forces there. As such, she was in range of communist guns on many occasions. The object of enemy fire at least four times, Thompson received damage for the third time when straddled on 20 November 1952, while acting as gunfire support ship for USS Kite (AMS-22) which was conducting a sweep of the inner harbor. From three widely spaced points enemy guns took the minesweepers under fire, catching Thompson amidships on the starboard side as she was laying clouds of oily black smoke between Kite and the shoreline.

Returning to Yokosuka for repairs to the battle damage, Thompson spent Christmas in that Japanese naval port. New Year's, however, once again found the fast minesweeper at Sŏngjin. After two more tours there, into February 1953, Thompson headed back to the United States in company with Carmick. With refueling stops at Midway and Pearl Harbor, she finally arrived at San Diego on 14 March 1953.

Post Korean War
Operating with MineDiv 11, Thompson was based on the west coast for the remainder of the year. Beginning on 8 June 1953, she played the title role in Columbia Pictures's "The Caine Mutiny", the 1954 film adaptation of the Herman Wouk novel of the same name. Operating out of San Francisco for one week, Thompson became the Caine, while serving as the model for many of the Columbia sets used in the filming of the on-board scenes.

After taking part in two exercises in late September 1953, she operated out of San Diego until 1 December 1953, when she reported to the Pacific Reserve Fleet to prepare for inactivation. On 18 May 1954, Thompson commission pennant was hauled down and the ship placed in reserve. On 16 July 1956, she was reclassified as a destroyer and redesignated DD-627.

She was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 July 1971, and sold to the American Ship Dismantlers of Portland, Oregon, on 7 August 1972, for scrapping.

Awards

 * Navy Unit Commendation
 * European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal with two battle stars
 * World War II Victory Medal
 * Navy Occupation Medal with "ASIA" clasp
 * China Service Medal
 * National Defense Service Medal
 * Korean Service Medal with seven battle stars
 * Korean Presidential Unit Citation
 * United Nations Service Medal

title: USS Thompson (DD-627)