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 RECREATION-HAND-BOOK GUIDES

BY FELIX SUMMERLY.

HAND-BOOK FOR HAMPTON-COURT PALACE:

or Guide to the Architecture, Tapestries, Paintings, Gardens and Grounds of Hampton Court; with numerous Embellishments on Wood, engraved by Ladies, Maps and Plans from Official Sources, and bound in a Cover designed by Holbein for Cardinal Wolsey. Price 5s. and 2s. 6d.

HAND-BOOKS FOR THE NATIONAL GALLERY.

HAND-BOOK FOR FREE PICTURE GALLERIES:

Being a Guide to all the Pictures in the National Gallery, the Dulwich Gallery, the Soane Museum, the Society of Arts, and the British Museum. Price Is. 6d. Each Gallery published separately at proportionate prices.

HAND-BOOKS FOR WESTMINSTER ABBEY.

Guide to the Architecture, Sculptures, Tombs and Decorations, with fifty-six Embellishments on Wood, engraved by Ladies, four Etchings, a Specimen of Encaustic Tiles in the Chapter House, and an Illumination. Price 7s. Another Edition without Tiles and Illumination, 3s.

A GLANCE AT THE TEMPLE CHURCH, with eight Illustrations and Ornamental Borders printed in three Colours. Price 1s. Second Edition.

HAND-BOOK FOR HOLIDAYS:

or Guide to the London Sights. Giving Details of the Locality; Means of Access; Nature of Admission; Time when Open; Principal Objects, and Descriptive Catalogues of all the Permanent Sights. Notes for Days' Excursions out of the Metropolis. Price 6d.

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text: A Book of Nursery Rhymes/Part II

title: A Book of Nursery Rhymes/Part II


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 seeds remain distinct from each other but separated from the seeds forming two membranous plates between the seeds, or remaining attached to the nucleus or to the whole seed leaving the seeds separate, each with a double or wingle wing.—Shrubs, often low or flowering near the base. Leaves alternate, very rarely entire, usually either sinuate and prickly-toothed, or pinnatifid or pinnate with numerous small regular lobes or segments, usually smooth and veinless on the upper surface, white-tomentose or marked with parallel transverse veins underneath. Flowers sessile, in pairs, in dense terminal or lateral heads in an involucre of numerous imbricate scale-like bracts and usually surrounded by a ring of floral leaves similar to the stem leaves; receptacle flat or convex, densely villous or woolly, with narrow-linear villous or woolly bracts or paleæ subtending each pair of flowers, sometimes very small or deficient at least in the centre of the head. Perianth usually yellow, the short entire base glabrous or villous towards the divided part, the remainder of the tube or claws usually pubescent or villous, the limb occasionally, the whole perianth very rarely, glabrous. Ovary almost always hairy. Capsules usually villous, but the hairs very readily rubbing off, and in some species apparently glabrous from the first.


text: 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Salamis (Greece)


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Talk:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Salamis (Greece)

Greek word
The lettering of the Greek word on this page is uncertain. The second v-like character appeared like an italic v with a circumflex. As I could not find such a character, I used the closest approximation I could find. -- Ken g6 (talk) 05:49, 26 December 2010 (UTC)


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, Meissn.—Outer integuments of the inner faces of the two seeds united in a bifid plate separating from them. Involucres various.

.—Flower-heads usually large, mostly terminal, enclosed in floral leaves longer than the flowers. Involucres broad. Perianths above 1 in. long. Stigmatic end of the style slender, often scarcely distinct. Leaves with prickly teeth or lobes.

1. D. quercifolia, ''Meissn. in DC. Prod. ''xiv. 467. Branches stout, tomentose or villous. Leaves obovate-oblong or oblong-cuneate, undulate and deeply prickly-toothed or lobed, contracted into a short petiole, 3 to 4 in. long, flat, very rigid, veined and reticulate underneath but quite glabrous. Flower-heads terminal, very large, surrounded by floral leaves longer than the flowers. Involucre hemispherical or nearly globular, nearly 2 in. long, densely villous, the outer bracts subulate-acuminate, the inner ones linear or linear-lanceolate. Perianth about as long as the involucre, hoary-tomentose above the short glabrous base, the remainder silky-villous, the limb narrow, 3 lines long. Style longer the perianth, the stigmatic end long slender and furrowed. Capsule obovate-falcate, fully ½ in. broad.—F. Muell. Fragm. vii. 50.

2. D. præmorsa, ''Meissn. in Pl. Preiss.'' ii. 265, ''and in DC. Prod.'' xiv. 467. Branches tomentose and sometimes hispid with spreading hards. Leaves obovate or oblong-cuneate, truncate, undulate, coarsely prickly-toothed or lobed, 1½ to 3 in. long, white underneath, with prominent transverse veins. Flower-heads terminal, surrounded by floral leaves at least as long as the flowers. Involucre broad, the outer bracts broadly lanceolate and tomentose, the inner ones narrow and acute, about half as long as the flowers. Perianth above 1 in. long, silky-villous, the limb 2 lines long, villous with longer hairs than those of the tube. Style longer than the perianth, with a distinctly sulcate stigmatic end of about 1 line. Capsule obovate-falcate, rather above ½ in. long.

3. D. cuneata, ''R.Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 212, Prod.'' 397. A tall shrub, the branches rather thick, tomentose and often hispid with long spreading hairs. Leaves shortly petiolate, from obovate to


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 , undulate and deeply prickly-toothed or almost entire, tapering at the case, 1½ to 2½ or rarely 3 in. long, penniveined and reticulate but not white underneath. Flower-heads terminal, closely surrounded by flower leaves longer than the flowers. Involucre broad, about ½ in. long, silky-tomentose, the outer bracts lanceolate and some of the almost leafy, the inner ones very narrow, passing into the filiform paleæ. Perianth about 1¼ in. long, hirsute with fine hairs, short on the tube rather longer on the limb, the limb narrow, acute, 2½ lines long. Style nearly 1½ in. long, the stigmatic end slender, obscurely furrowed. Capsule broadly rounded, about ½ in. diameter.—Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 590, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 468.

4. D. falcata, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 213, ''Prod. ''397. A shrub of 4 or 5 ft., the young branches usually tomentose and hirsute with spreading hairs. Leaves more or less cuneate, pinnatifid or deeply toothed with lanceolate pungent-pointed teeth or lobes, tapering at the base but almost sessile, mostly 2 to 3 in. long, flat or undulate, very rigid and not white underneath. Flower-heads terminal, closely surrounded by flower leaves longer than the flowers. Involucres broadly ovoid or almost globular, 7 to 8 lines long, the outer bracts linear-lanceolate and tomentose, the inner ones narrow-linear. Perianth 1¼ to 1½ in. long, the tube woolly-tomentose above the glabrous base, the limb glabrous. Style scarcely exceeding the perianth, the stigmatic end slender and not very distinct. Capsule "1-seeded by abortion, the abortive ovule forming a wing-like appendage to the interseminal plate."—Hemiclidia baxteri, R. Br. Prot. Nov. 40; Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 601, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 482; Bot. Reg. t. 1455.

5. D. armata, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 212, ''Prod. ''397. A much-branched shrub of 2 to 4 ft., the young branches tomentose. Leaves 2 to 3 in. long, deeply pinnatifid with lanceolate or triangular pungent-pointed lobes, very rigid, flat or undulate, veined reticulate and sometimes slightly tomentose underneath. Flower-heads terminal, closely surrounded by floral leaves longer than the flowers. Involucre broadly ovoid or almost globular, about ¾ in. long; the bracts at first villous at length becoming glabrous, the outer ones broad, the inner narrow. Perianth above 1 in. long, more or less villous, the limb narrow, obtuse, becoming glabrous at the end but not entirely so as in that


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 species. Style exceeding the perianth, with a very narrow furrowed stigmatic end of about 1½ lines. Capsule "ripening both seeds imbedded normally in the interseminal plate."—Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 590, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 468; Bot. Mag. t. 3236; D. favosa, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 33.

6. D. longifolia, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 215, ''Prod. ''398. A tall shrub, with tomentose branches. Leaves narrow, 6 in. to 1 ft. long, pinnatifid with lanceolate or triangular rigid acute lobes, contiguous or distant, 2 to 3 lines long or longer when narrow, the undivided rhachis 1 to 2 lines broad, the margins revolute, the under surface hoary or white. Flower-heads large, terminating short branches, surrounded by long flower leaves. Involucre broad, 1½ in. long, the outer bracts with a short broad base and subulate recurved points, the inner ones linear-lanceolate and shortly acuminate but variable in breadth. Perianth silky-pubescent, 1½ in. long, the limb hirsute with a few longer hairs, narrow, 2½ lines long. Style shortly exceeding the perianth, the stigmatic end scarcely distinct, slightly angular.—Meissn. in DC. Prod. xiv. 477; Bot. Mag. t. 1582; Sweet, Fl. Austral. t. 3; Paxt. Mag. iii. 171, with a fig.

7. D. Fraseri, ''R. Br. Prot. Nov.'' 39. An erect shrub of 2 or 3 ft., the young branches tomentose. Leaves narrow, 2 to 4 in. long, divided to the midrib into rather distant linear segments rigid and pungent-pointed, divaricate or recurved, 3 to 4 longs long, the margins revolute and narrowly decurrent to near the next segments. Flower-heads rather large and terminal or a few smaller ones on short axillary branches, all closely surrounded by flower leaves longer than the flowers. Involucre ¾ to 1 in. long, tomentose, the outer bracts broad at the base, tapering into long slender hairy points, the innermost linear. Perianth slightly silky except the glabrous base, 1¼ in. long, the limb narrow, about 2 lines long. Style exceeding the perianth, curved, the stigmatic end not thickened and only distinguishable by a somewhat darkened colour.—Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 596, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 476.

.—Flower-heads small, mostly terminal, the floral leaves either shorter than the flowers or few and spreading, leaving the flowers more exposed than in any other series. Involucres broad. Perianths under 1 in. long. Stigmatic end of the style small, but thickened and distinct. Leaves with prickly or rigid teeth or lobes.


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 8. D. floribunda, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 212, ''Prod. ''397. A bushy shrub of 4 to 8 ft., the young shoots more or less silky-hairy. Leaves sessile or nearly so, obovate to cuneate, more or less undulate and prickly-toothed, especially towards the end, otherwise flat, neither prominently veined nor white underneath, all under 1 in. in some specimens, 2 in. long or even more in others. Flower-heads terminal, usually numerous, closely surrounded by floral leaves not exceeding the flowers. Involucre campanulate, under ½ in. long, pubescent; bracts not very acute, the outer ones lanceolate, the inner very narrow. Perianth not quite 1 in. long, the tube silky-pubescent above the glabrous base, the limb obtuse, almost glabrous. Style thickened and bulbous-like above the base, scarcely exceeding the perianth, the stigmatic end short, slightly clavate. Capsule obovate-falcate, ½ in. long in some specimens, smaller in others.—Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 589, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 468; Josephia sessilis, Knight, Prot. 110.

9. D. carduacea, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 33. A tall shrub attaining sometimes 12 ft., the young branches slightly tomentose or glabrous. Leaves mostly sessile, linear-cuneate or lanceolate, undulate, deeply prickly-toothed or pinnatifid with pungent-pointed lobes, 1 to 2 or rarely 3 in. long, hoary or whitish underneath, but the margins not revolute. Flower-heads rather small, terminal, the floral leaves not exceeding the flowers. Involucre campanulate, about ½ in. long, the bracts very numerous, lanceolate or linear, with recurved tips. Perianth under 1 in. long, the limb about 1 line long, silky-hairy as well as the tube. Style scarcely exceeding the perianth, with a small slightly thickened stigmatic end. Capsule rounded, about 5 lines long and broad, 1-seeded by abortion in the one examined.—Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 591, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 469; Bot. Mag. t. 4317.

10. D. carlinoides, ''Meisn. in Pl. Preiss.'' ii. 267, ''and in DC. Prod.'' xiv. 479. An erect shrub, with the branches often almost verticillate round the old flower-heads (proceeding from the axils of some of the leafy bracts). Leaves linear or lanceolate, rigid and pungent-pointed, entire or with 1 or 2 prickly teeth on each side near the end, the margins revolute, tapering at the base, ¾ to 1 in. long, hoary or white underneath. Flower-heads terminal, usually numerous. Involucre


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 hemispherical or nearly globular, ¾ to 1 in. diameter, more or less villous, with a few outer leafy bracts, longer than the flowers, but spreading and not enclosed in floral leaves, mostly dilated at the base and passing into the imbricate bracts, which are very numerous, lanceolate with long narrow points. Paleæ plumose with long woolly hairs. Perianths glabrous, about 7 lines long, the limb narrow, mucronate, 1½ lines long. Style rather longer than the perianth, the stigmatic end short, slightly thickened and angular. Capsules scarcely above ¼ in. long.

11. D. polycephala, Benth. Branches rather slender, glabrous or nearly so. Leaves narrow, divided to the midrib into small rather distant segments, the lower leaves 3 to 6 in. long with short broad obtuse segments, those of the flowering branches 1 to 2 in. long, very spreading or recurved, with narrow acute segments of 1 to 2 lines; all the segments very rigid, with recurved margins decurrent along the rhachis to the next segment. Flower-heads small, numerous, terminating lateral branches or crowded at the end of the principal ones, the floral leaves few and spreading. Involucre broadly campanulate, 3 to 4 lines long, the bracts numerous, narrow, with subulate usually recurved points. Perianth-tube about ½ in. long, silky-villous except the minute glabrous base, the limb glabrous, about 1 line long. Style longer than the perianth, with a small but distinct clavate stigmatic end. Capsule broadly obovate, not 3 lines long.—D. squarrosa, Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 266, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 474, not of R. Br.

12. D. Kippistiana, ''Meiss. in Hook. Kew Journ.'' vii. 122. ''and in DC. Prod.'' xiv. 473. An erect shrub of 2 or 3 ft., the branches loosely hoary-tomentose, the young shoots often hairy. Leaves narrow, 1½ to 4 in. long, pinnate; segments divided to the midrib, numerous, obliquely triangular, obtuse or acute, 1 to 2 lines long, the margins revolute, decurrent along the rhachis, but shortly so the segments being much closer than in B. polycephala, usually white underneath. Flower heads scarcely larger than in D. polycephala, terminal with a few also on very short axillary branches, the floral leaves few and spreading. Involucre broadly campanulate, under ½ in. long, the bracts not numerous, broad and tomentose at the base, tapering into fine points ciliate with long hairs. Perianth-tube nearly ½ in. long, loosely hairy above the glabrous base, the limb narrow, above 1 line long, densely villous with longer hairs. Style longer than the perianth, with a small but distinct dark-coloured obtuse stigmatic end.—D. foliolata, Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 266, not of R. Br.

.—Flower-heads small, broad, axillary, the bracts narrow, the floral leaves usually spreading. Perianth under ¾ in. long. Stigmatic end of the style small but thickened and distinct.


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 Leaves flat or nearly so, tomentose underneath, semipinnatifid with short acute mucronate or rarely pungent-pointed lobes.

13. D. squarrosa, ''R. Br. Prot. Nov.'' 38. A shrub with rather slender branches, at first tomentose but soon becoming glabrous. Leaves narrow, the lower ones 4 to 8 in. long, those of the flowering branches usually about half that length, notched, prickly-toothed or pinnatifid, with short pungent-pointed or angular rather distant teeth or lobes rarely reaching half-way to the midrib, the entire centre of the leaf of a uniform breadth of 1½ to 2½ lines, the whole leaf flat or undulate, hoary or tomentose underneath. Flower-heads small, often numerous, mostly axillary surrounded by a few spreading floral leaves. Involucre broadly campanulate, under ½ in. long, the bracts numerous, narrow, acute or with subulate often recurved points. Perianths silky-villous, about 7 lines long, the limb about 1 line long, villous with longer hairs. Style longer than the perianth, with a small slightly thickened stigmatic end.—Meissn. in DC. Prod. xiv. 474, as to Baxter's specimens only.

14. D. serra, ''R. Br. Prot. Nov.'' 38. An erect shrub, from 5 to 10 or even 15 ft. high. Leaves 2 to 6 in. long, divided halfway to the midrib into numerous broadly triangular regular lobes, mucronate with short rigid points, flat, reticulate above, tomentose underneath. Flower-heads small, on very short axillary peduncles or branches, surrounded by a few spreading floral leaves. Involucral bracts not very numerous, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acute, usually dark-coloured with densely ciliate margins, the inner ones 3 to 4 lines long. Perianths about 7 lines long, slender, silky-villous, the limb small, oblong, obtuse. Style about ¾ in. long, with a small but thickened stigmatic end. Capsule falcate, often ½ in. long.—Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 581, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 470.

15. D. concinna, ''R. Br. Prot. Nov. 38, not of Meissn.'' A shrub, probably tall, with tomentose branches, Leaves 2 to 4 in. long, pinnatifid with triangular finely pointed lobes, reticulate above and tomentose underneath as in D. serra, but the leaf usually rather broader, with fewer labes reaching about halfway to the midrib. Flower-heads small, globular, on very short axillary peduncles surrounded by spreading floral leaves as in D. serra, but the bracts more numerous, oblong or oblong-linear, very obtuse and tomentose all over, the inner ones 3 to 4 lines long. Perianths more villous than in D. serra, otherwise apparently the same but only seen withered. Capsule nearly ½ inch long, oblique but not so falcate as in D. serra.


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16. D. foliolata, ''R. Br. Prot. Nov. ''38. Apparently a tall shrub, the branches tomentose and hirsute with spreading hairs or nearly glabrous. Leaves 3 to 6 in. long, ½ to 1 in. broad, divided mare than halfway to the midrib into obliquely ovate-triangular lobes, acute or mucronate, flat or nearly so, reticulate above, tomentose and transversely veined underneath. Flower-heads small, globular, on very short axillary peduncles or branches, surrounded by spreading floral leaves. Involucral bracts not very numerous, linear, softly villous, 3 or 4 lines long, mostly expanded at the end into a small lamina. Perianths very villous, about ½ in. long. Style ¾ in. long, with a small but thickened stigmatic end. Capsule obliquely rounded, about 5 lines broad.—Meissn. in DC. Prod. xiv. 471; D. mutica, Meissn. l.c.

.—Flower-heads usually large, broad, terminal or axillary, surrounded by long floral leaves. Involucral bracts broad, villous. Styles long with a long narrow stigmatic end. Leaves flat or nearly so, tomentose underneath, pinnatifid or pinnate, with numerous contiguous triangular lobes or segments, acute or mucronate but not pungent-pointed.

17. D. stupposa, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 33. A shrub of about 10 ft., closely resembling D. formosa, but the leaves are not divided to the midrib, the lobes often larger and more acute, and the flower-heads, either terminal or on short lateral branches, are rather larger. Perianth nearly 1½ in. long, woolly-villous above the glabrous base, the upper part of the tube and limb silky-villous. Style longer than the perianth, with a narrow furrowed stigmatic end.—Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 591, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 470.

18. D. nobilis, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 33. A shrub of 4 to 7 ft. very nearly allied to D. formosa. Leaves longer, the lobes broader, separated by more open sinuses and not always divided to the midrib. Flower-heads still larger than in D. formosa, but the involucre rather small, and all on exceedingly short lateral branches, surrounded by numerous floral leaves. Perianths 1½ in. long, woolly-villous above the glabrous base, then silky-villous. Styles nearly 2 in. long.—Meissn, in Pl. Preiss. i. 592, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 469; Bot. Mag. t. 4633, copied into Lem. Fl. Jard. t. 226, and into Fl. des Serres. vii. t. 728.


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 a fine picture of his is preserved. Godfrey, Ravenet, Canot, and Boydell have engraved his works. He owed his death to his doctor, and was slain, in his thirty-sixth year, by 'injudicious medical advice, given to remove a perpetual headache.' He left his family destitute.

 BROOKS, CHARLES WILLIAM SHIRLEY (1816–1874), editor of 'Punch,' was the son of William Brooks, architect, who died on 11 Dec. 1867, aged 80, by his wife Elizabeth, the eldest daughter of William Sabine of Islington. He was born at 52 Doughty Street, London, 29 April 1816, and after his earlier education was articled, on 24 April 1832, to his uncle, Mr. Charles Sabine of Oswestry, for the term of five years, and passed the Incorporated Law Society's examination in November 1838, but there is no record of his ever having become a solicitor; for the natural bent of his genius impelled him, like Dickens and Disraeli, to lighter studies, and he forsook law for literature.

During five sessions he occupied a seat in the reporters' gallery of the House of Commons, as the writer of the parliamentary summary in the 'Morning Chronicle.' In 1853 he was sent by that journal as special commissioner to inquire into the questions connected with the subject of labour and the poor in Russia, Syria, and Egypt. His pleasant letters from these countries were afterwards collected and published in the sixth volume of the 'Travellers' Library,' under the title of the 'Russians of the South.'

In early times, 1842, he signed his articles which were appearing in 'Ainsworth's Magazine' Charles W. Brooks. His second literary signature was C. Shirley Brooks, and finally he became Shirley Brooks. His full christian names were Charles William Shirley, the latter being an old name in the family. His first magazine papers, among which were 'A Lounge in the Œil de Bœuf,' 'An Excursion of some English Actors to China,' 'Cousin Emily,' and 'The Shrift on the Rail,' brought him into communication with Harrison Ainsworth, Laman Blanchard, and other well-known men, and he soon became the centre of a strong muster of literary friends, who found pleasure in his wit and social qualities. As a dramatist he frequently achieved considerable success, without, however, once making any ambitious effort—such, for example, as producing a five-act comedy. His original drama, 'The Creole, or Love's Fetters,' was produced at the Lyceum 8 April 1847 with marked applause. A lighter piece, entitled 'Anything for a Change,' was brought out at the same house 7 June 1848. Two years afterwards, 5 Aug. 1850, his two-act drama, the 'Daughter of the Stars,' was acted at the New Strand Theatre. The exhibition of 1851 gave occasion for his writing 'The Exposition: a Scandinavian Sketch, containing as much irrelevant matter as possible in one act,' which was produced at the Strand on 28 April in that year.

In association with John Oxenford, he supplied to the Olympic, 26 Dec. 1861, an extravaganza, which had the sensational heading 'Timour the Tartar, or the Iron Master of Samarkand,' the explanatory letterpress significantly stating that a trifling lapse between the year 1361 and the year 1861 occasionally occurs. Amongst his other dramatic pieces may be mentioned the 'Guardian Angel,' a farce, the 'Lowther Arcade,' 'Honours and Tricks,' and 'Our New Governess.'

Brooks was in his earlier days a contributor to many of the best periodicals. He was a leader writer on the 'Illustrated London News,' to which journal at a later period he furnished a weekly article under the name of 'Nothing in the Papers.' He conducted the 'Literary Gazette' 1858-9, and edited 'Home News' after the death of Robert Bell in 1867. To a volume edited by Albert Smith in 1849, called 'Gavarni in London,' he furnished three sketches— 'The Opera,' 'The Coulisse,' and 'The Foreign Gentleman;' and in companionship with Angus B. Reach he published 'A Story with a Vengeance' in 1852. At thirty-eight years of age he began to assert his claim to consideration as a popular novelist by writing 'Aspen Court: a Story of our own Time.' Conscious, as he must have been, of his first success of a substantial kind as an imaginative writer, he nevertheless allowed five years to elapse before he made his second venture as a novelist. He did so then as the author of a new serial fiction, the 'Gordian Knot,' in January 1858; but this work, although illustrated by J. Tenniel, and consisting of twelve numbers only, remained unfinished for upwards of two years.

The most important and interesting event in Shirley Brooks's life was his connection with 'Punch,' which took place in 1851. He made use of the name 'Epicurus Rotundus' as the signature to his articles. From this period to his decease he was a contributor to the columns of that periodical, and in 1870 he succeeded Mark Lemon as editor. One of


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 19. D. mucronulata, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 213, Prod. 398. A shrub very closely allied to D. nobilis and D. formosa. Branches tomentose and villous. Leaves very long and narrow, with very numerous traingular-falcate rigid acute lobes which as in D. nobilis do not reach the midrib, all nearly flat and tomentose underneath. Flower-heads on very short axillary branches or almost sessile, surrounded by numerous floral leaves, smaller than in D. formosa. Outer involucral bracts ovate acuminate, the inner ones oblong-linear, obtuse, nearly 1 in. long and 2 lines broad, silky-villous. Perianths 8 to 10 lines long, woolly-villous above the glabrous base, the remainder silky-villous but the hairs not so long and fulvous as in D. formosa. Style under 1 in. long. Capsule nearly ¾ in. broad.—Meissn. in DC. Prod. xiv. 470.

20. D. formosa, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 213, t. 3, Prod. 397. An erect shrub attaining 8 to 15 ft., the branches tomentose and often hirsute with long fine spreading hairs. Leaves 4 to 8 in. long, regularly divided to the midrib into obliquely triangular or broadly falcate segments, 2 to 3 lines long and broad, mostly acute, flat and not very thick, tomentose underneath. Flower-heads terminal, broad, surrounded by floral leaves longer than the flowers, the inner ones dilated at the base and passing into the involucral bracts. Involucre hemispherical, 1 to 1½ in. diameter, the outer bracts ovate acuminate, the inner ones narrow and obtuse, all tomentose-villous. Perianths 1¼ to 1½ in. long, woolly-villous above the short glabrous base, the remainder silky-villous, the limb narrow acuminate, about 2 lines long, densely villous, with long often fulvous hairs. Style scarcely longer than the perianth, with a narrow furrowed stigmatic end. Capsule about 5 lines long and 3 lines broad.—Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 593 and in DC. Prod. xiv. 471; Sweet, Fl. Austral. t. 53; Bot. Mag. t. 4102.

21. D. Baxteri, ''R.Br. Prot. Nov.'' 38. A shrub of 4 to 6 ft., the branches densely tomentose. Leaves very narrow, often above 1 ft. long, divided to the midrib into very numerous small triangular-falcate rigid acute segments, the largest scarcely 2 lines long and broad, all with recurved margins and white underneath. Flower-heads almost sessile in the axils, surrounded by long floral leaves. Involucre hemispherical, above 1 in. broad, densely ferruginous-villous, the bracts lanceolate, acuminate, the inner ones ¾ to 1 in. long. Perianths nearly 1 in. long, woolly near the base, then silky-villous, the limb 2 lines long, narrow, acute, tipped with a tuft of long fine hairs. Style


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 the perianth, the slender stigmatic end scarcely distincts.—Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 593, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 471.

.—Low shrubs with a creeping trunk and very short ascending flowering stems bearing one or few ovoid flower-heads surrounded by long floral leaves. Leaves pinnate with numerous rigid segments, the margins usually but not always revolute and white underneath.

22. D. nivea, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 214, Prod. 398. A dwarf shrub, the stems sometimes scarcely any besides the underground or creeping trunk, rarely ascending to nearly 1 ft. Leaves 4 to 8 in. long, pinnate, divided almost or quite to the midrib into numerous regular triangular or falcate segments, obtuse or rarely acute, 1 to 3 lines long, verying in breadth, those towards the end of the leaf usually separated by acute sinuses, the lower ones more distant and decurrent, or all different in this respect in different leaves, all rather thick, with revolute margins, white underneath. Flower-heads terminal, closely surrounded by long floral leaves. Involucre ovoid, usually about 1 in. long; bracts numerous, narrow, glabrous or minutely ciliate, or with the ends more or less woolly, the outer short ones sometimes subulate, the inner ones obtuse or scarcely acute. Perianths about as long as the involucre, loosely villous except the undivided base, the limb scarcely 1½ lines long. Style considerable longer than the perianth, with a small narrow stigmatic end slightly thickened at the base. Capsule obovate-falcate, about ½ in. broad.—Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 594, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 472; Banksia nivea, Labill. Voy. i. 411, t. 24; Josephia rachidifolia, Knight, Prot. 111.

23. D. arctotodis, ''R.Br. Prot. Nov.'' 39. A dwarf shrub with the habit of D. nivea. Leaves much more rigid, 4 to 8 in. long, deeply divided into numerous linear-falcate rigid acute lobes, 2 to 4 lines long,


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 separated by broad sinuses, with revolute margins, white underneath. Flower-heads rather large, terminal, surrounded by numerous long floral leaves ciliate at the base with long spreading hairs. Involucre ovoid, above 1 in. long, the bracts numerous, oblong-lanceolate or the inner ones almost linear, nearly glabrous except the densely ciliate margins. Perianths 1¼ in. long, the undivided glabrous base longer than in most species, the remainder loosely villous. Style nearly 2 in. long, with a small narrow dark-coloured stigmatic end.—Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 595, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 475; Bot. Mag. t. 4035.

24. D. nana, ''Meissn. in Hook. Kew Journ.'' vii. 121. ''and in DC. Prod.'' xiv. 475. A dwarf or creeping shrub with the habit of D. nivea. Leaves 2 to 4 in. long, crowded round the flower-heads on very short ascending stems, divided almost to the midrib into linear-lanceolate acute lobels, all very spreading and often falcate, 2 to 3 lines long, the margins not revolute, scarcely white underneath, with prominent primary veins. Involucre closely sessile within the leaves, ovoid, under ½ in. long, the bracts narrow-lanceolate, silky-villous, the outer ones with subulate points, the inner ones acute. Perianths with the entire base about ½ in. long villous towards the end, the divided portion of the tube about as long, the limb ovoid, reflexed before opening, slightly hairy. Style hairy, very long, doubled down to the limb until released, and then straightening to a length of about 3 in., with a large thick ovoid stigmatic end.

25. D. Preissii, ''Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 599, and in DC. Prod.'' xiv. 480. A dwarf shrub with short procumbent stems tomentose and with linear-lanceolate scales on the base of each year's growth. Leaves rarely above 6 in. long, pinnate; segments numerous, linear, acute or mucronate, rigid, with revolute margins, entire or pinnatifid, the larger ones above 1 in. long, but often all under ½ in., tomentose underneath. Flower-heads terminating the short ascending stems, with a few long floral leaves round them. Involucre ovoid, about 1 line long, the bracts numerous, all narrow, the outer ones with a short broader base and long subulate ends, the others linear or linear-lanceolate, flat and rigid, glabrous or loosely tomentose. Perianths about 1 in. long, loosely hirsute, the tube very slender, the limb broader, about 1 line long. Style 1¼ in. long, the stigmatic end small, narrow-conical. Fruit unknown.

W. Australia. Drummond, 2''nd coll. n. 301; Gordon river, Preiss, n. 528; Stirling range and Hay river, F. Mueller''. This species is placed next to D. bipinnatifida


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by Meissner on account of the foliage; the inflorescence and involucre, usually more indicative of true affinity, are more those of the Niveæ. The sectional character and consequently the real place cannot be ascertained until the fruit shall have been examined.

.—Flower-heads axillary, ovoid or small, enveloped in long floral leaves. Leaves either pinnate with very small rigid segments or more frequently pinnatifid with very rigid pungent-pointed lobes.

26. D. sclerophylla, ''Meissn. in Hook. Kew Journ.'' vii. 123. ''and in DC. Prod.'' xiv. 474. Apparently a low but erect shrub, not much branched. Leaves under 3 in. long, pinnate; segments numerous, triangular, acute, rarely 2 lines long, rigid, with revolute margins shortly decurrent to the next segments. Flower-heads not numerous, axillary or sometimes terminal, closely surrounded by numerous floral leaves of 2 or 3 in. Involucre 7 to 8 lines long, the bracts lanceolate, tapering into plumose points. Perianth about ¾ in. long, silky-villous, the oblong obtuse limb becoming almost glabrous. Style rather longer than the perianth, with a slightly thickened stigmatic end.

27. D. pulchella, ''Meissn. in DC. Prod.'' xiv. 473. Apparently a low but stout and erect shrub, the branches scarcely tomentose. Leaves 3 to 6 in. long, crowded, pinnate, with numerous rigid spreading acute or pungent-pointed segments rarely above 1 line long, the margins revolute and decurrent to the next segment. Flower-heads on short axillary branches closely surrounded by floral leaves. Involucre small, oboid; bracts not numerous, the outer ones more or less leafy, the inner ones narrow, with long points. Perianth about 1 in. long, the tube slightly silky, the limb oblong, covered with rather long silky hairs. Style when set free nearly 1½ in. long, with a narrow but distinct stigmatic cone.

28. D. plumosa, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 214, Prod. 398. A shrub of about 2 ft., the branches tomentose and sometimes densely villous with fine spreading hairs. Leaves 6 in. to 1 ft. long, deeply pinnatifid with triangular rigid acute lobes, the larger ones 2 to 3 lines long and broad, the sinuses broad, the margins recurved, tomentose underneath. Flower-heads small, sessile in the axils, surrounded by a few small floral leaves. Involucre 1 in. long, or rather more, the bracts narrow, with long filiform plumose-hairy points. Perianth ½ in. long, densely woolly-villous, the limb obling, about 1 line long. Style longer than the perianth, with a small slightly furrowed stigmatic end. Capsule about 7 lines broad.—Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 592, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 470.


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 29. D. seneciifolia, ''R.Br. Prot. Nov.'' 38. A shrub of 2 or 3 ft., with stout erect tomentose stems, sometimes nearly simple. Leaves crowded, 2 to 4 in. long, deeply pinnatifid with rather distant linear or lanceolate pungent-pointed lobes 1 to 2 or rarely 3 lines long, the margins revolute, white underneath. Flower-heads small, narrow, sessile in the axils and buried in the numerous floral leaves. Involucral bracts, many of them leafy, the inner ones linear-subulate, with plumose-villous points, about ½ in. long. Perianth about 5 lines long, woolly-villous above the glabrous base, the limb glabrous or sprinkled with few silky hairs. Style scarcely exceeding the perianth, the stigmatic end not thickened and smooth. Capsule ovate, scarcely ¼ in. long.—Meissn. in DC. Prod. xiv. 476; D. cryptocephala, Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 596, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 479; Planch. Hort. Donat. t. 2.

30. D. vestita, ''Kipp. in Hook. Kew Journ.'' vii. 121. Stems in our specimens erect from a very thick woody trunk, ½ to 1½ ft. high, very rigid, hoary-tomentose or almost woolly. Leaves linear or linear-cuneate, 3 to 5 in. long, very rigid, bordered by distant teeth or lobes rarely reaching halfway to the midrib, all divaricate acute or pungent-pointed, 1 to 1½ lines long, the entire centre or rhachis 1½ to 3 lines broad, transversely reticulate underneath. Flower-heads axillary and terminal, closely surrounded by floral leaves. Involucre ovoid-oblong, softly villous, 1¼ to 1½ in. long; bracts numerous, narrow linear-lanceolate or linear, acuminate, articular above the base. Perianth above 1 in. long, woolly-villous above the glabrous base, the limb glabrous, 3 lines long. Style about as long as the perianth, the long stigmatic end scarcely distinguishable. Capsule oblique, above ½ in. long.—Meissn. in DC. Prod. xiv. 477.

31. D. cirsioides, ''Meissn. in DC. Prod.'' xiv. 476. Branches stout, tomentose and villous. Leaves crowded, 2 to 3 in. long, deeply pinnatifid, but not quite to the midrib; the lobes lanceolate, ¼ to nearly ½ in. long, very rigid and pungent-pointed, the margins slightly recurved, hoary or whitish underneath. Flower-heads axillary, enclosed in numerous floral leaves. Involucre ovoid, nearly 1 in. long, villous, the bracts numerous, linear-lanceolate or linear, rigid, appressed. Perianths (only seen very few in a withered state) above 1 in. long, slender, villous above the glabrous base, the limb very narrow, 3 lines long. Styles all fallen from our specimens, the stigmatic end according to Meissner slender.

32. D. Hewardiana, ''Meissn. in DC. Prod.'' xiv. 477. Branches tomentose or nearly glabrous. Leaves from 3 or 4 in. to nearly 1 ft.


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 long, pinnatifid, the lobes reaching more than half way to the midrib, obliquely lanceolate or triangular, rigid and pungent-pointed, often distance, 2 to 4 lines long, with recurved margins, white underneath. Flower-heads axillary, distant or crowded, surrounded by a few long floral leaves. Involucre campanulate, rarely above ½ in. long, the outer bracts rather broad and acute, the inner ones narrow, all tomentose or villous and some or all tapering into fine often recurved points. Perianths nearly 1 in. long, woolly-villous above the short glabrous base, the remainder densely silky-hairy except the glabrous limb. Style not much longer than the perianth, with a small slightly clavate stigmatic end. Capsule about ½ in. long, densely villous.

33. D. patens, Benth. A branching shrub, nearly allied to D. Hewardiana, but with the fewer more spreading floral leaves of the Concinnæ and a different involucre. Leaves 4 to 10 in. long, deeply pinnatifid, the lobes lanceolate or triangular, very rigid and pungent-pointed, mostly distant, with recurved margins, white underneath. Flower-heads axillary, sessile or shortly pedunculate. Involucre capanulate, under ½ in. long as in D. Hewardiana, but tomentose not villous, the bracts broader obtuse or rarely mucronate, all appressed. Perianth nearly 1 in. long, woolly-villous above the short glabrous base, then silky-hairy except the glabrous limb. Style scarcely exceeding the perianth, with a small slightly clavate stigmatic end.—D. concinna, Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 266, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 477, not of R. Br.

34. D. conferta, Benth. A shrub apparently low, but with the stout erect stems of D. circioides and its allies. Leaves crowded, narrow, 3 to 6 in. long, pinnatifid, the lobes rather distant, rigid, pungent-pointed, white underneath with revolute margins as in D. Hewardiana. Flower-heads axillary, closely surrounded by long floral leaves. Involucre ovoid, villous and perhaps somewhat viscid, nearly ¾ in.long, the bracts numerous, narrow-lanceolate or linear, obtuse or scarcely acute, closely appressed or inflexed after flowering. Perianths under 1 in. long, densely woolly-villous above the short glabrous base, the limb narrow, 1½ lines long, villous with a few long hairs, as well as the upper part of the tube. Style scarcely exceeding the perianth, with a small slender stigmatic end.


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 35. D. horrida, ''Meissn. in DC. Prod.'' xiv. 476. Branches thick, hoary-tomentose. Leaves crowded, narrow, 3 to 6 in. long, pinnatifid, the lobes distant, rigid, pungent-pointed, 1½ to 3 lines long, divaricate or incurved, the margins of the lobes and of the narrow rhachis closely revolute, the under surface hoary or white where open. Flower-heads axillary, closely surrounded by long floral leaves. Involucre narrow ovoid, the bracts linear or a few of the shorter ones lanceolate with long points, all villous with rather long soft hairs, the inner ones 1½ in. long, but the upper half reflexed when the flowers are open and falling away soon after. Perianths 1¼ in. long, shortly woolly-villous above the glabrous base, the limb narrow, 3 lines long, glabrous as well as the upper part of the tube. Style longer than the perianth, with a long stigmatic end scarcely distinguishable from the remainder.

36. D. serratuloides, ''Meissn. in Hook. Kew Journ.'' vii. 123. ''and in DC. Prod.'' xiv. 475. Branches hoary-tomentose. Leaves crowded, 2 to 3 in. long, deeply pinnatifid but not quite to the midrib, the lobels linear-lanceolate, often falcate, rigid and pungent-pointed, nearly flat, pale or scarcely white underneath, 2 to 4 lines long. Flower-heads axillary, closely surrounded by floral leaves. Involucre broadly ovoid or almost globular, about ¾ in. long, the bracts lanceolate or the outer ones ovate, obtuse, appressed, at first minutely ciliate, at length glabrous and smooth. Perianths about 1 in. long, silky-hairy except the glabrous base, and the hairs of the limb fewer and deciduous. Style considerably longer than the perianth, the stigmatic end not thicker but darker coloured and furrowed.

37. D. comosa, ''Meissn. in DC. Prod.'' xiv. 478. Branches slightly tomentose, Leave 6 in. to above 1 ft. long, very narrow, rigid, flexuose, bordered by small pungent-pointed distant teeth or lobes, 1 to 1½ lines long, the margins of the teeth and rhachis revolute, leaving a narrow white under surface or channel between them and the broad midrib. Flower-heads axillary, with a few long floral leaves round them. Involucre broadly ovoid, 1¼ to 1½ in. long, the outer bracts ovate with short points, the inner ones lanceolate to linear, acute or the innermost almost obtuse, all glabrous or the margins minutely ciliate. Paleæ of the receptacle very slender but longer than in most species. Perianth-tube ¾ in. long, villous in the upper part of the undivided base, the limb narrow, about 2 lines long, silky-hairy. Style exceeding the perianth, the stigmatic end not thicker, but slightly furrowed.

.—Flower-heads lateral, on very short scale peduncles without floral leaves outside the involucre. Involucral bracts very numerous and narrow, a few of them leaf-like in one species.


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 38. D. Shuttleworthiana, ''Meissn. in Hook. Kew Journ.'' vii. 122. ''and in DC. Prod.'' xiv. 474. Apparently a low shrub, the leafy branches hoary-tomentose. Leaves narrow, 2 to 4 in. long, divided almost to the midrib into numerous contiguous obliquely-triangular lobes of 1 to 2 lines, all rather obtuse, rigid, with recurved margins, white underneath. Flower-heads almost sessile on the main stem below the leafy branches and without floral leaves, the very short peduncle covered with small or subulate and recurved scales. Involucre campanulate, the bracts narrow, mostly linear, very numerous, the inner ones 1½ in. long, recurved or reflexed from the middle, the long filiform ends usually ciliate with long fine hairs. Perianths 1 in. long or rather more, woolly-villous above the glabrous base, the limb very narrow, 3 lines long, glabrous. Style not exceeding the perianth, the stigmatic end scarcely distinguishable from the remainder. Capsule obovate, nearly ¾ in. long, densely rufous-villous.

39. D. speciosa, ''Meissn. in DC. Prod.'' xiv. 479. Branches erect, tomentose. Leaves very narrow-linear, mucronate-acute, quite entire, with closely revolute margins, 3 to 5 in. long. Flower-heads very large, nodding, terminating very short leafy branches but not closely surrounded by floral leaves, the very short peduncles covered by small scales. Involucre very broad and above 2 in. long, the bracts very numerous, linear with fine points at first elegantly ciliate with spreading hairs which wear off. Perianth 1¼ to 1½ in. long and therefore shorter than the involucre, woolly-hirsute above the short glabrous base, the upper half glabrous, the limb very narrow, 4 lines long. Style scarcely exceeding the perianth, the stigmatic end not distinguishable from the remainder.

40. D. tridentata, ''Meissn. in Hook. Kew Journ.'' vii. 120. ''and in DC. Prod.'' xiv. 479. Stems 6 in. to 1 ft. high from an underground creeping trunk. Leaves linear or linear-cuneate, mostly 3-toothed at the end, tapering into a very short petiole, 1 to 1½ in. long, flat, prominently reticulate underneath. Flower-heads large, on very short peduncles from below the foliage, leafless except a few narrow scales passing into the outer involucral bracts. Involucres broad, hemispherical, a few of the outer bracts leaf-like and longer than the flowers but mostly entire and dilated at the base, passing into ovate-lanceolate bracts with long narrow points and these again into the inner linear-lanceolate ones, the paleæ within the flowers few and very narrow. Perianths about 1 in. long, loosely villous, the limb narrow and acute. Style much longer, rarely quite straight, the slightly furrowed stigmatic end scarcely distinct. Capsule above ½ in. broad.

—Outer integuments of the 2 seeds in each capsule not connate or readily separable from each other, either


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 from Venezuela, and thus far only two species have been referred to it. I am unacquainted with the genus and, from Simon's brief treatment of it, I am unable to come to any decision as to the correct placement of this species. The Peckhams had a species in their collection which they labelled Akela, new. This appears to be very close to A. incertus Banks. The Peckhams established the genus Akela on the species A. charlottae from Guatemala. I think the species under consideration here is not an Akela. I know nothing better to do with it for the present than to retain it here pending further knowledge.

Male allotype. Total length 3.20 mm. Carapace 1.50 mm. long, 1.20 mm. wide at level of PLE which occupy forty-eight fifty-thirds of the width of the carapace at their level; very little narrowed in front; fairly high; shaped much as in Zygoballus; slightly more than three quarters as high as wide; gently arched dorsally for nearly six sevenths of length to posterior declivity which is slightly concave and descends abruptly to posterior border (Fig. 214).

Eyes. Seen from in front, anterior row strongly recurved. Posterior row wider than anterior row in ratio of 49 : 45, middle row slightly narrower than anterior row. Quadrangle of laterals wider than long in ratio of 49 : 29. Total eye space occupies almost half the length of the carapace. Ratio of eyes AME : ALE : PME : PLE = 14 : 7 : 1.75 : 6. AME separated from one another by a little less than one fourteenth of their diameter, from ALE by nearly one seventh of their diameter. Eyes of second row equidistant from ALE and PLE. Height of clypeus equal to a little less than three fourteenths of the diameter of AME. A fairly conspicuous small tuft of white scale-like hairs projecting downward from beneath each AME.

Chelicerae. Robust, quite porrect, considerably produced; divergent beyond the basal third; with well developed basal boss; basal segment .80 mm. long; most of front surface covered by long white procumbent hairs, somewhat erect along dorsal edge. Fang fairly long and slender, slightly sinuous. Fang groove distinct, with a single robust retromarginal tooth near base of fang, and two promarginal teeth, one near base of fang and the other near medial end of groove.

Maxillae. Parallel; considerably dilated distally; quite concave along outer border; palp inserted into proximal half; longer than wide in middle in ratio of about 2 : 1; with well developed scopula along truncature and the usual serrula.

Lip. Widest at base where it is as wide as long; distal margin regularly convex; basal excavations reach less than one third of length of organ; sternal suture slightly procurved.


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 remaining adnate to the seeds leave no loose plate between them, or separating from the seeds and forming two parallel plates between them. Involucres large, with numerous broad bracts.

41. D. tenuifolia, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 215, Prod. 398. A robust shrub, sometimes low and procumbent, sometimes erect bushy and attaining 3 or 4 ft., the branches nearly glabrous, with few narrow scales at the base of each year's shoot. Leaves very narrow, often 6 to 8 in. long, with closely revolute margins, tomentose underneath, rarely all entire, frequently toothed towards the end or in the upper half only, or in the typical forms regularly divided for more than half the length or quite to the base into short recurved lobes or teeth. Flower-heads large, lateral without any or with very few small linear floral leaves. Involucres at first ovoid, at length very broad, black and glabrous or when young slightly woolly, 1½ to 2 in. long; outer bracts broad, sometimes with short subulate points, inner ones broadly linear, obtuse. Perianths not exceeding the involucre, villous above the glabrous face, pubescent or glabrous towards the end, the limb very narrow, 3 lines long. Style not exceeding the perianth, with a slightly furrowed but not thickened stigmatic end. Capsule above ½ in. broad. Seeds (in the fruit examined perhaps not quite ripe) entirely separating without leaving any intermediate plate, the wing very thin though formed of two separable layers.—Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 597, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 478; Bot. Mag. t. 3513; D. uncata, A. Cunn. Herb.


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42. D. proteoides, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 33. Very near D. tenuifolia, the stems more scaly, the leaves longer, broader although always under ½ in. broad, more rigid, divided into triangular rigid lobes contiguous or distant, very acute or even pungent-pointed or rarely almost obtuse. Flower-heads larger than in D. tenuifolia, on short lateral peduncles covered with imbricated scales without floral leaves. Involucre broadly ovoid, with very numerous broad black glabrous bracts, the innermost rows very much longer than the others and often attaining 3 in. Perianths not exceeding the involucre, glabrous or nearly so, the limb four lines long. Style about as long as the perianth, with a faintly sulcate but not thickened stigmatic end.—Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 598, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 478.

43. D. runcinata, ''Meissn. in DC. Prod.'' xiv. 469. A dwarf shrub, the stems scarcely any or the leafy branches scarcely above ½ ft. long. Leave 6 in. to nearly 1 ft. long, deeply divided into numerous triangular lanceolate or falcate acute lobes, the largest ½ in. long, with recurved margins, tomentose several-nerved and reticulate underneath. Flower-heads nearly sessile, terminal or lateral. Involucres ovoid, 2 in. long, entirely like those of D. obtusa, as well as the flowers and style.

44. D. obtusa, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 214, Prod. 398. Stems short and procumbent, tomentose-villous or concealed by imbricate scales. Leaves 6 in. to 1 ft. long, divided to the midrib or nearly so into numerous small triangular or oblong very obtuse segments, 1½ to 4 lines long, thick, with revolute margins, white underneath. Flower-heads terminal with a few floral leaves rather below them. Involucres ovoid, 2 in. long, the outer bracts short, ovate, passing into the long narrow inner ones, all obtuse, at first loosely tomentose, but soon quite glabrous turning black and finely striate like those of the three preceding species. Perianth nearly as long as the involucre, the tube slightly pubescent, the limb narrow, glabrous or hairy, 3 lines long. Style about as long as the perianth, the stigmatic end long narrow and furrowed.—Meissn. in DC. Prod. xiv. 471; D. multiserialis, F. Muell. Fragm. v. 185.


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 45. D. bipinnatifida, ''R.Br. Prot. Nov.'' 39. Stems very short or procumbent and ½ ft. long or rather more, densely woolly-villous but the base of each year's growth concealed by imbricate scales. Leaves 6 in. to 1 ft. long, pinnate with linear acute segments, entire or again pinnatifid as in D. Preissii, 1 to 2 in. long in some specimens, much smaller in others, all with revolute margins, reticulate and tomentose underneath. Flower-heads terminal but not closely surrounded by floral leaves. Involucre ovoid-oblong, 2 to 2½ in. long, the outer bracts ovate, the inner ones narrow-lanceolate, all obtuse, more or less woolly-villous or at length glabrous, but not black as in the preceding species, the paleæ within the head shorter and narrow. Perianth shorter than the involucre, about 1½ in. long, loosely villous or pubescent below the middle, glabrous towards the end, the very narrow limb ½ in. long. Style exceeding the perianth, with a long furrowed stigmatic end. Capsule about ½ in. broad.—Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 599, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 480.

46. D. pteridifolia, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 215, Prod. 399. Stems very short and thick, densely tomentose and villous. Leaves often above 1 ft. long, pinnately divided almost or quite to the midrib into numerous linear or lanceolate straight or falcate segments, ¾ to 1½ or even 2 in. long, often distant but usually dilated at the base and frequently confluent, all with recurved or revolute margins, more or less tomentose underneath, 1-nerved in some leaves, 3- to 5-nerved in other leaves on the same stem. Flower-heads large, terminal, closely surrounded by long floral leaves. Involucre hemispherical, the bracts densely villous, the outer ones ovate, the inner one lanceolate, ¾ to above 1 in. long. Perianths about 1¼ in. long, silky or loosely villous with long hairs, the limb 4 to 5 lines long. Style about as long as the perianth, with a long furrowed stigmatic end. Capsule about ¾ in. broad. Seeds in the two fruits examined quite separate without any intervening plate, each with a double wing, the inner one more transparent with flexuose fibres, the outer one (membranous appendage, R. Br.) more opaque.—Meissn. in DC. Prod. xiv. 480; Bot. Mag. t. 3500; D. blechnifolia, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 215, Prod. 399; D. nervosa, R. Br., in Sweet, Fl. Austral. 22, Prot. Nov. 39; Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 600, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 481. Bot. Mag. t. 3063.

47. D. calophylla, ''R.Br. Prot. Nov.'' 40. A low shrub, the villous stems either very short and thick or rather longer and prostrate.


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 Leaves often above 1 ft. long, pinnate with numerous ovate-lanceolate or triangular-acute rigid segments; contiguous at the base and mostly separated by acute sinuses, pale, tomentose and several-nerved underneath, the larger ones 1 to 1½ in. long. Flower-heads terminal, closely surrounded by long floral leaves. Involucre broad, densely villous, a few of the outer bracts long and narrow, sometimes resembling reduced floral leaves, others broad and short, the inner ones linear-lanceolate. Perianths villous, at least 1¼ in. long, the limb 4 to 5 lines long. Style about as long as the perianth, with a long narrow furrowed stigmatic end. Capsule of D. pteridifolia, or rather larger.—Meissn. in DC. Prod. xiv. 481; D. Drummondii, Meissn in Pl. Preiss. ii. 267, and in DC. l.c.

ADDENDUM

Under Verbenaceæ, after the synopsis of genera, p. 33, add—

Pentaptelion involucratum, Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mosc. 1863, ii. 194, proposed as a new genus of Verbenaceæ, is Leucopogon plumuliflorus, described above, vol iii. p. 205.


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Page:Little Red Riding Hood.djvu/51

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HAMPTON COURT PALACE:

Or, Guide to the Architecture, Tapestries, Paintings,Gardens and Grounds of Hampton Court; with numerous Embellishments on Wood, engraved by Ladies. Official Plans, and Maps. The Cover from a design by Hans Holbein. SECOND EDITION. Price, with Maps, Plans, &c., bound in cloth, 5s., and 2s. 6d.

"Decidedly the best popular guide to the picturesque beauties of Hampton Court of any extant. The writer possesses a discriminating judgment in matters of art, and a keen relish for the beauties of nature; and the circulation of this pretty little book will contribute to the enjoyment of the visitors, and the improvement of public taste."—Spectator.

"Mr. Summerly's little book, which has led us into this digression, is a charming specimen of a Hand-book, literally crammed with information."—Atlas.

Will appear during the present Season:

DAYS' EXCURSIONS OUT OF LONDON.

With Engravings on Wood, by and

AND

A HAND-BOOK FOR CANTERBURY.

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 his best known series of articles was 'The Essence of Parliament,' a style of writing for which he was peculiarly fitted by his previous training in connection with the 'Morning Chronicle.'

On 14 March 1872 Brooks was elected a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries. He was always a hard and industrious worker, and the four years during which he acted as editor of 'Punch' formed no exception to the rule. Death found him in the midst of his books and papers working cheerfully amongst his family. Two articles, 'Election Epigrams' and 'The Situation,' were written on his death-bed, and before they were published he was dead.

He died at 6 Kent Terrace, Regent's Park, London, on 23 Feb. 1874, and was buried in Norwood Green cemetery on 28 Feb.

He married Emily Margaret, daughter of Dr. William Walkinshaw of Naparima, Trinidad. She was granted a civil list pension of 100l. on 19 June 1876, and died on 14 May 1880.

The works by Brooks not already mentioned are:
 * 1) 'Amusing Poetry,' 1857.
 * 2) 'The Silver Cord, a Story,' 1861, 3 vols.
 * 3) 'Follies of the Year,' by J. Leech, with notes by S. Brooks, 1866.
 * 4) 'Sooner or Later,' with llustrations by G. Du Maurier, 1866-68, 3 vols.
 * 5) 'The Naggletons and Miss Violet, and her Offer,' 1875.
 * 6) 'Wit and Humour, Poems from "Punch,"' edited by his son, Reginald Shirley Brooks, 1875.

BROOKS, FERDINAND. [See .]

BROOKS, GABRIEL (1704–1741), calligrapher, born in 1704, was apprenticed to Dennis Smith, a writing-master 'in Castle Street in the Park, Southwark,' and kept a day school in Burr Street, Wapping, until his death in 1741. Dennis Smith's widow married a supposed relation of his, William Brooks, who in 1717, when only twenty-one years old, published a work entitled 'A Delightful Recreation.' Very little remains of Brooks's skill in penmanship—only a few plates scattered through that rare folio work on calligraphy entitled 'The Universal Penman, or the Art of Writing made useful written with the assistance of several of the most eminent Masters, and Engraved by George Bickham,' London, 1741. These elegantly executed plates (nine in all) consist of No. 29, 'Idleness;' 33, 'Discretion;' 38, 'Modesty:' 66, 'Musick;' No. 2 after 66, 'To the Author of the Tragedy of Cato;' 68, 'Painting;' No. 1 after 68, 'On Sculpture ' (signed A.D. 1737); one unnumbered, ' Liberty; ' and one on 'Credit' in the second part of the work relating to merchandise and trade.

BROOKS, JAMES (1512–1560), bishop of Gloucester, born in Hampshire in May 1512, was admitted a scholar of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, in 1528, and a fellow in January 1531-2, being then B.A. After graduating M.A. he studied divinity and was created D.D. in 1546. In the following year he became master of Balliol College. He was chaplain and almoner to Bishop Gardiner (, Cranmer, 310, 374, fol.), and after Queen Mary's accession he was elected bishop of Gloucester, in succession to John Hooper, at whose trial he assisted (, Eccl Memorials, iii. 180, fol.) He was consecrated in St. Saviour's Church, Southwark, on 1 April, and received restitution of the temporalities on 8 May 1554 (, Fasti, ed. Hardy, i. 437). In 1555 he was delegated by the pope to examine and try Cranmer, Ridley, and Latimer; and in 1557-8 Cardinal Pole appointed him his commissioner to visit the university of Oxford (, Eccl. Memorials, iii. 391, fol.) On Queen Elizabeth's accession he was deprived of his see for refusing to take the oath of supremacy, and was committed to prison, where he died in the beginning of February 1559-60 (, Church Hist. i. 499). He was buried in Gloucester Cathedral, but no monument was erected to his memory. Wood describes him as 'a person very learned in the time he lived, an eloquent preacher, and a zealous maintainer of the Roman catholic religion' (Athenæ Oxon. ed. Bliss, i. 315), but Bishop Jewel says he was 'a beast of most impure life, and yet more impure conscience' (Letter to Peter Martyr, 20 March 1559-60).

His works are:
 * 1) 'A Sermon, very notable, fruictefull, and godlie, made at Paules Crosse, the xii. daie of Nouembre in the first yere of Quene Marie,' Lond. 1553, 8vo, 'newly imprinted and somewhat augmented,' 1554. His text was Matt. ix. 18, 'Lord, my daughter is even now deceased,' These words he applied to the kingdom and church of England, upon their late defection from the pope, but the protestants censured


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Brooking, Charles


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 THE NATIONAL GALLERY.

(Open daily, from Ten to Four, except Friday and Saturday.)

, with fifty reminiscences of the Pictures, drawn expressly from the Originals, by Messrs. and

The, Price 6d., 3d., and 1d.

 * Also for Foreigners, "CATALOGUE DBS TABLEAUX qui se trouvent dans la GALERIE NATIONALE, suivi par la Chronologic des Peintres." Prix 6d.

"This Felix Summerly is a man after our own heart; he adapts his means to a definite object, and keeps that object always in view. We noticed lately his excellent Hand-Book to Westminster Abbey. Here is a like work for the National Gallery a Guide-Book not for the few, but the many, and therefore the information is condensed and generally limited to facts."—Athenaeum.

T. C. Savill, Printer, 107, St. Martin's Lane.

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 Perianth rather above $1/2$ in. long, glabrous or minutely pubescent besides the small tufts of hairs at the tips of the laminæ. Style-end slightly clavate, minutely papillose-pubescent, separated by a slight constriction from the pubescent slightly bulbous base of the nearly glabrous brush. Receptacle ovoid-conical.—F. Muell. Fragm. vi. 240.

 3. ADENANTHOS, Labill.

Flowers hermaphrodite. Perianth regular or nearly so, the tube slender, usually splitting more or less on the lower side; laminæ equal, the perianth usually falling off entire, leaving a very short persistent annular base. Anthers all perfect and free or the lower one linear and sterile, sessile within the segments of the limb, the connective tipped with a small appendage. Hypogynous scales or glands 4, often shortly adnate at the base to the persistent perianth-ring but protruding beyond it. Ovary sessile, with a single laterally attached amphitropous ovule. Style elongated, usually arched and protruding above the middle from the slit of the perianth-tube before the end is set free by the opening of the limb, finally erect and longer than the perianth, usually attenuate below the end, which is more or less thickened or dilated elliptical or linear, with a stigmatic slit descending from the apex to the middle or nearly to the base of the lower side. Fruit a small oblong or rarely ovoid obtuse indehiscent nut (or drupe?) with a single erect seed.—Shrubs sometimes almost growing into small trees, sometimes low and prostrate, often silky-villous. Leaves entire or divided, often rather small and crowded, flat or terete, rarely rigid and pungent-pointed. Flowers red or greenish, terminal or axillary, each flower sessile within a short involucre of 4 to 8, usually 6, imbricate bracts, the inner ones the longest, the involucres solitary or in clusters of 3 or 4, shortly pedunculate or nearly sessile. Perianth usually pubescent or villous outside, the laminæ bearded inside behind the anthers or in a few species almost beardless. Torus with a tuft of hairs round the ovary within the glands.


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LENKA, the daughter of the retired collegiate assessor Plemyanikov, was sitting on the back-door steps of her house doing nothing. It was hot, the flies were nagging and teasing, and it was pleasant to think that it would soon be evening. Dark rain clouds were gathering from the east, wafting a breath of moisture every now and then.

Kukin, who roomed in the wing of the same house, was standing in the yard looking up at the sky. He was the manager of the Tivoli, an open-air theatre.

"Again," he said despairingly. "Rain again. Rain, rain, rain! Every day rain! As though to spite me. I might as well stick my head into a noose and be done with it. It's ruining me. Heavy losses every day!" He wrung his hands, and continued, addressing Olenka: "What a life, Olga Semyonovna! It's enough to make a man weep. He works, he does his best, his very best, he tortures himself, he passes sleepless nights, he thinks and thinks and thinks how to do everything just right. And what's the result? He gives the public the best operetta, the very best pantomime, excellent artists. But do they want it? Have they the least appreciation of it? The public is rude. The public is a great boor. The public wants a circus, a lot of nonsense, a lot of stuff. And there's the weather. Look! Rain almost every evening. It began to rain on the tenth of May, and it's kept it up through the whole of June. It's simply awful. I can't get any audiences, and don't I have to pay rent? Don't I have to pay the actors?"

The next day towards evening the clouds gathered again, and Kukin said with an hysterical laugh:

"Oh, I don't care. Let it do its worst. Let it drown the whole theatre, and me, too. All right, no luck for me in this world or the next. Let the actors bring suit


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Rh against me and drag me to court. What's the court? Why not Siberia at hard labour, or even the scaffold? Ha, ha, ha!"

It was the same on the third day.

Olenka listened to Kukin seriously, in silence. Sometimes tears would rise to her eyes. At last Kukin's misfortune touched her. She fell in love with him. He was short, gaunt, with a yellow face, and curly hair combed back from his forehead, and a thin tenor voice. His features puckered all up when he spoke. Despair was ever inscribed on his face. And yet he awakened in Olenka a sincere, deep feeling.

She was always loving somebody. She couldn't get on without loving somebody. She had loved her sick father, who sat the whole time in his armchair in a darkened room, breathing heavily. She had loved her aunt, who came from Brianska once or twice a year to visit them. And before that, when a pupil at the progymnasium, she had loved her French teacher. She was a quiet, kind-hearted, compassionate girl, with a soft gentle way about her. And she made a very healthy, wholesome impression. Looking at her full, rosy cheeks, at her soft white neck with the black mole, and at the good naïve smile that always played on her face when something pleasant was said, the men would think, "Not so bad," and would smile too; and the lady visitors, in the middle of the conversation, would suddenly grasp her hand and exclaim, "You darling!" in a burst of delight.

The house, hers by inheritance, in which she had lived from birth, was located at the outskirts of the city on the Gypsy Road, not far from the Tivoli. From early evening till late at night she could hear the music in the theatre and the bursting of the rockets; and it seemed to her that Kukin was roaring and battling with his fate and taking his chief enemy, the indifferent public, by assault. Her heart melted softly, she felt no desire to sleep, and when Kukin returned home towards morning, she tapped on her window-pane, and through the curtains he saw her face and one shoulder and the kind smile she gave him.

He proposed to her, and they were married. And when


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Rh

next morning my wife and children besought me to begin my manufacture of candles. I remembered having seen the chandler at work, and I tried to recall all my remembrances of the process. I put into a boiler as many berries as it would hold; and placed it over a moderate fire: the wax melted from the berries, and rose to the surface, and this I carefully skimmed with a large flat spoon and put in a separate vessel placed near the fire; when this was done, my wife supplied me with some wicks she had made from the threads of sail-cloth; these wicks were attached, four at a time, to a small stick; I dipped them into the wax, and placed them on two branches of a tree to dry; I repeated this operation as often as necessary to make them the proper thickness, and then placed them in a cool spot to harden. But we could not forbear trying them that very night; and, though somewhat rude in form, it was sufficient that they reminded us of our European home, and prolonged our days by many useful hours we had lost before.

This encouraged me to attempt another enterprise. My wife had long regretted that she had not been able to make butter. She had attempted to beat her cream in a vessel, but either the heat of the climate, or her want of patience, rendered her trials unsuccessful. I felt that I had not skill enough to make a churn; but I fancied that by some simple method, like that used by the Hottentots, who put their cream in a skin and shake


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124 it till they produce butter, we might obtain the same result. I cut a large gourd in two, filled it with three quarts of cream, then united the parts, and secured them closely. I fastened a stick to each corner of a square piece of sail-cloth, placed the gourd in the middle, and, giving a corner to each of my sons, directed them to rock the cloth with a slow, regular motion, as you would a child’s cradle. This was quite an amusement for them; and at the end of an hour, my wife had the pleasure of placing before us some excellent butter. I then tried to make a cart, our sledge being unfitted for some roads; the wheels I had brought from the wreck rendered this less difficult; and I completed a very rude vehicle, which was, nevertheless, very useful to us.

While I was thus usefully employed, my wife and children were not idle. They had transplanted the European trees, and thoughtfully placed each in the situation best suited to it. I assisted with my hands and counsels. The vines we planted round the roots of our trees, and hoped in time to form a trellis-work. Of the chesnut, walnut, and cherry-trees, we formed an avenue from Falcon’s Nest to Family Bridge, which, we hoped, would ultimately be a shady road between our two mansions. We made a solid road between the two rows of trees, raised in the middle and covered with sand, which we brought from the shore in our wheelbarrows. I also made a sort of tumbril, to which we harnessed the ass, to lighten this difficult labour.

We then turned our thoughts to Tent House, our first abode, and which still might form our


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Author:Frederick Waddy

Works

 * (illus.) Cartoon portraits and biographical sketches of men of the day (1873)

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Rh refuge in case of danger. Nature had not favoured it; but our labour soon supplied all deficiencies. We planted round it every tree that requires ardent heat; the citron, pistachio, the almond, the mulberry, the Siamese orange, of which the fruit is as large as the head of a child, and the Indian fig, with its long prickly leaves, all had a place here. These plantations succeeding admirably, we had, after some time, the pleasure of seeing the dry and sandy desert converted into a shady grove, rich in flowers and fruit. As this place was the magazine for our arms, ammunition, and provisions of all sorts; we made a sort of fortress of it, surrounding it with a high hedge of strong, thorny trees; so that not only to wild beasts, but even to human enemies, it was inaccessible. Our bridge was the only point of approach, and we always carefully removed the first planks after crossing it. We also placed our two cannon on a little elevation within the enclosure; and, finally, we planted some cedars, near our usual landing-place, to which we might, at a future time, fasten our vessels. These labours occupied us three months, only interrupted by a strict attention to the devotions and duties of the Sunday. I was most especially grateful to God for the robust health we all enjoyed, in the midst of our employments. All went on well in our little colony. We had an abundant and certain supply of provisions; but our wardrobe, notwithstanding the continual repairing my wife bestowed on it, was in a most wretched state, and we had no means of renewing it, except by again visiting the wreck, which I knew still contained some chests of clothes, and


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126 bales of cloth. This decided me to make another voyage; besides I was rather anxious to see the state of the vessel.

We found it much in the same condition we had left it, except being much more shattered by the winds and waves.

We selected many useful things for our cargo; the bales of linen and woollen cloth were not forgotten; some barrels of tar; and everything portable that we could remove; doors, windows, tables, benches, locks and bolts, all the ammunition, and even such of the guns as we could move. In fact we completely sacked the vessel; carrying off, after several days’ labour, all our booty, with the exception of some weighty articles, amongst which were three or four immense boilers, intended for a sugar-manufactory. These we tied to some large empty casks, which we pitched completely over, and hoped they would be able to float in the water.

When we had completed our arrangements, I resolved to blow up the ship. We placed a large barrel of gunpowder in the hold, and arranging a long match from it, which would burn some hours, we lighted it, and proceeded without delay to Safety Bay to watch the event. I proposed to my wife to sup on a point of land where we could distinctly see the vessel. Just as the sun was going down, a majestic rolling, like thunder, succeeded by a column of fire, announced the destruction of the vessel, which had brought us from Europe, and bestowed its great riches on us. We could not help shedding tears, as we heard the last mournful cry of this sole remaining bond that


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Rh  us with home. We returned sorrowfully to Tent House, and felt as if we had lost an old friend.

We rose early next morning, and hastened to the shore, which we found covered with the wreck, which, with a little exertion, we found it easy to collect. Amongst the rest, were the large boilers. We afterwards used these to cover our barrels of gunpowder, which we placed in a part of the rock, where, even if an explosion took place, no damage could ensue.

My wife, in assisting us with the wreck, made the agreeable discovery, that two of our ducks, and one goose, had hatched each a brood, and were leading their noisy young families to the water. This reminded us of all our poultry and domestic comfort, at Falcon’s Nest, and we determined to defer, for some time, the rest of our work at Tent House, and to return the next day to our shady summer home.

As we went along the avenue of fruit—trees, I was concerned to see my young plants beginning to droop, and I immediately resolved to proceed to Cape Disappointment the next morning, to cut bamboos to make props for them. It was determined we should all go, as, on our arrival at Falcon’s Nest, we discovered many other supplies wanting. The candles were failing: we must have more berries, for now my wife sewed by candlelight, while I wrote my journal. She wanted,


text: Author talk:Frederick Waddy

title: Author talk:Frederick Waddy


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 this is not a real relationship, as has been asserted, due to a former land-connection, but merely a case of parallel development owing to similar conditions of existence.

Habitat: Wharekauri Island, Chatham Islands.

In the Tring Museum are two complete skeletons, more than a thousand bones, and about fifteen skulls.

One almost complete skeleton, and the type, skull, and bones, are in the British Museum.

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 MEN OF THE DAY.


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The Times/1901/Public notice/Frederick Waddy

WADDY.—On the 30th ult., at Brighton,, late of St. Albans, aged 53.


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 * Perriques Labat, Voy. aux iles de l'Amér. II p. 218 (1742).

 * Conurus labati Rothsch. Bull. B.O.C. XVI, p. 13 (1905); Proc. IV Orn. Congr., p. 202 (1907).

ABAT'S translated description of this bird is as follows:—"Those of Guadaloupe are about the size of a blackbird, entirely green, except a few small red feathers, which they have on their head. Their bill is white. They are very gentle, loving, and learn to speak easily."

No specimens known.

Habitat: Island of Guadaloupe.

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 THE DRAWINGS BY FREDERICK WADDY.

LONDON: TINSLEY BROTHERS, 18 CATHERINE STREET, STRAND. 1873.


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136 he had a good look of her neck and her full vigorous shoulders, he clapped his hands and said:

"You darling!"

He was happy. But it rained on their wedding-day, and the expression of despair never left his face.

They got along well together. She sat in the cashier's box, kept the theatre in order, wrote down the expenses, and paid out the salaries. Her rosy cheeks, her kind naïve smile, like a halo around her face, could be seen at the cashier's window, behind the scenes, and in the café. She began to tell her friends that the theatre was the greatest, the most important, the most essential thing in the world, that it was the only place to obtain true enjoyment in and become humanised and educated.

"But do you suppose the public appreciates it?" she asked. "What the public wants is the circus. Yesterday Vanichka and I gave Faust Burlesqued, and almost all the boxes were empty. If we had given some silly nonsense, I assure you, the theatre would have been overcrowded. Tomorrow we'll put Orpheus in Hades on. Do come."

Whatever Kukin said about the theatre and the actors, she repeated. She spoke, as he did, with contempt of the public, of its indifference to art, of its boorishness. She meddled in the rehearsals, corrected the actors, watched the conduct of the musicians; and when an unfavourable criticism appeared in the local paper, she wept and went to the editor to argue with him.

The actors were fond of her and called her "Vanichka and I" and "the darling." She was sorry for them and lent them small sums. When they bilked her, she never complained to her husband; at the utmost she shed a few tears.

In winter, too, they got along nicely together. They leased a theatre in the town for the whole winter and sublet it for short periods to a Little Russian theatrical company, to a conjuror and to the local amateur players.

Olenka grew fuller and was always beaming with contentment; while Kukin grew thinner and yellower and complained of his terrible losses, though he did fairly well the whole winter. At night he coughed, and she gave him


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one exception, the likeness in profile of Lord Lytton, the Cartoon Portraits of Men of the Day—for the most part those of literary celebrities—comprised in this volume have appeared during the past year as illustrations in 'Once a Week.' Biographical sketches accompanied the cartoons in the pages of the magazine; and in collecting and republishing the portraits in a separate and more permanent form, it has not been thought necessary to make any material alterations in the notices that originally accompanied them.


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text: The Swiss Family Robinson - 1851

title: The Swiss Family Robinson - 1851


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The Swiss Family Robinson - 1851/List of Chapters

 * Preface
 * Introduction
 * Chapter I.
 * Chapter II.
 * Chapter III.
 * Chapter IV.
 * Chapter V.
 * Chapter VI.
 * Chapter VII.
 * Chapter VIII.
 * Chapter IX.
 * Chapter X.
 * Chapter XI.
 * Chapter XII.
 * Chapter XIII.
 * Chapter XIV.
 * Chapter XV.
 * Chapter XVI.
 * Chapter XVII.
 * Chapter XVIII.
 * Chapter XIX.
 * Chapter XX.
 * Chapter XXI.
 * Chapter XXII.
 * Chapter XXIII.
 * Chapter XXIV.
 * Chapter XXV.
 * Chapter XXVI.
 * Chapter XXVII.
 * Chapter XXVIII.
 * Chapter XXIX.
 * Chapter XXX.
 * Chapter XXXI.
 * Chapter XXXII.
 * Chapter XXIII.
 * Chapter XXXIV.
 * Chapter XXXV.
 * Chapter XXXVI.
 * Chapter XXXVII.
 * Chapter XXXVIII.
 * Chapter XXXIX.
 * Chapter XL.
 * Chapter XLI.
 * Chapter XLII.
 * Chapter XLIII.
 * Chapter XLIV.
 * Chapter XLV.
 * Chapter XLVI.
 * Chapter XLVII.
 * Chapter XLVIII.
 * Chapter XLIX.
 * Chapter L.
 * Chapter LI.
 * Chapter LII.
 * Chapter LIII.
 * Chapter LIV.
 * Chapter LV.
 * Chapter LVI.
 * Chapter LVII.
 * Conclusion


text:
User talk:86.132.38.173

Welcome

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title: User talk:86.132.38.173


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 {| width=350px

 * Lord Lytton
 * 1
 * C. R. Darwin, F.R.S.
 * 6
 * John Everett Millais
 * 8
 * Dion Boucicault
 * 10
 * Robert Browning
 * 12
 * G. E. Street, R.A.
 * 18
 * 'Mr. Speaker'
 * 20
 * J. L. Toole
 * 22
 * Gustave Doré
 * 26
 * William Morris
 * 28
 * Dr. Garrett Anderson
 * 30
 * William Hepworth Dixon
 * 34
 * Professor Owen
 * 36
 * The Right Hon. B. Disraeli
 * 38
 * John Hollingshead
 * 46
 * A. C. Swinburne
 * 48
 * J. C. M. Bellew
 * 50
 * Henry Irving
 * 52
 * Charles Reade
 * 54
 * Tom Hood
 * 64
 * Benjamin Webster
 * 66
 * Anthony Trollope
 * 68
 * C. E. Mudie
 * 72
 * Lionel Brough
 * 74
 * Wilkie Collins
 * 76
 * Alfred Tennyson
 * 78
 * Norman Macleod, D.D.
 * 86
 * Andrew Halliday
 * 88
 * }
 * Charles Reade
 * 54
 * Tom Hood
 * 64
 * Benjamin Webster
 * 66
 * Anthony Trollope
 * 68
 * C. E. Mudie
 * 72
 * Lionel Brough
 * 74
 * Wilkie Collins
 * 76
 * Alfred Tennyson
 * 78
 * Norman Macleod, D.D.
 * 86
 * Andrew Halliday
 * 88
 * }
 * Alfred Tennyson
 * 78
 * Norman Macleod, D.D.
 * 86
 * Andrew Halliday
 * 88
 * }
 * 88
 * }


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User:Mdupont/AlbanianSources

Wanted Texts
de:wikipedia:Geschichte_Albaniens
 * Ludwig(Ludovicus,Lajos) Thallóczy, (Constantinus) und Milan (Emilianus, Emil) von Šufflay "Acta et diplomata res Albaniae mediae aetatis illustrantia" (Wien 1913)

 * Acta et diplomata res Albaniae mediae aetatis illustrantia: Collegerunt et digesserunt dr Ludovicus de Thalóczy, dr Constantinus Jireček et dr Emilianus de Sufflay, Bände 1-2

in google books : http://books.google.com/books?id=g4bUAAAAMAAJ
 * http://openlibrary.org/books/OL16284155M/Acta_et_diplomata_res_Albaniae_mediae_aetatis_illustrantia
 * http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000224279
 * http://www.kenef.phil.uoi.gr/en/dynamic/bookfull.php?Book_ID=20093&contents=

Akten Des Internationalen Albanologischen Kolloquiums Zum Gedachtnis an Univ.-Prof. Dr. Norbert Jokl Innsbruck, 28. September Bis 3. Oktober 1972
Father of
 * http://isbndb.com/d/book/akten_des_internationalen_albanologischen_kolloquiums.html
 * http://openlibrary.org/works/OL6772275W/Akten_des_Internationalen_Albanologischen_Kolloquiums
 * http://www.bookfinder.com/dir/i/Akten_Des_Internationalen_Albanologischen_Kolloquiums-Zum_Gedachtnis_an_Univ./3851240626/
 * http://books.google.com/books?id=J7RqNQAACAAJ google books
 * http://books.google.com/books?id=QG19SQAACAAJ google books

 * http://books.google.com/books?id=QflV7k-MtosC Sprachkontakt und Diglossie:lateinische Wörter im Griechischen als Quellen für die lateinische Sprachgeschichte und das Vulgärlatein

Shaban_Demiraj
de:wikipedia:Shaban_Demiraj sq:wikipedia:Shaban_Demiraj

Idriz Ajeti
sq:wikipedia:Idriz_Ajeti
 * http://www.forumishqiptar.com/showthread.php?t=115702
 * http://www.ashak.org/

Milan Šufflay

 * about Milan Šufflay de:wikipedia:Milan_%C5%A0ufflay http://de.academic.ru/dic.nsf/dewiki/958169

More Sources

 * http://www.uni-protokolle.de/Lexikon/Albanische_Geschichte.html

 * http://www.kulturserver-hamburg.de/home/shkodra/simpoziumi/simpoziumi_sek2_art03.html
 * http://www.elsie.de/de/buecher/b25.html
 * http://texttransmission.blogspot.com/2005/06/crusades-l-z.html
 * http://www.scribd.com/doc/34332406/Albania-Past-and-Present-Kostandin-Cekrezi-1919
 * http://www.forumishqiptar.com/showthread.php?t=82152
 * http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/sie/365/ACTA

Google Books

 * http://books.google.com/books?id=eKKS3u7iPWcC Das venezianische Albanien (1392-1479)
 * http://books.google.com/books?id=Wt-HKy_dcngC Theologische Realenzyklopädie, Band 2 Von Gerhard Krause,Gerhard Müller
 * http://books.google.com/books?id=U1kzqTyRO_sC Die Stammesgesellschaften Nordalbaniens Von Fatos Baxhaku,Karl Kaser

title: User:Mdupont/AlbanianSources


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Rh I picked the purtiest place I could find for him." And he had indeed, for the green valley under wide-spreading trees would have gone far to reconcile many a weary human heart to be placed under the sod.

We thought we had made the first step towards savage life when Burkman brought the mother of the one baby of our regiment the dried vertebra of a rattlesnake that he killed, because he had heard that it was the best of anything on which the infant could cut its teeth!

I had made some scarlet flannel shirts for my husband's use on the summer campaign, and he was as much pleased as possible, beginning at once to wear them. Not many days' march proved to me what an error I had made. The bright red color could be seen for miles, when the form itself was almost lost on the horizon. I had to coax to get them away again and replace them with the dark blue that he usually wore. Though I triumphed, I was met with a perfect fusillade of teasing when I presented the red shirts to Burkman. The officers, of course, hearing all the discussion over the subject—as no trifle was too small to interest us in one another's affairs—attacked me at once. If I had been so anxious to protect the general from wearing anything that would attract the far-seeing eye of the vigilant Indian on the coming campaign, why should I be so willing to sacrifice the life of "Old Nutriment?" They made no impression on me, however, for they knew as well as I did that the soldier, though so faithful, was not made of that stuff that seeks to lead a Balaklava charge.

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 NOVELIST, POET, DRAMATIST, ESSAYIST, AND CABINET MINISTER.


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, whose writings have been enormously popular under their author's several changes of name, was born in May 1806, the third son of William Earle Bulwer, Esq., of Wood Bailing and Heydon. The distinguished author has been at one time Lytton-Bulwer, at another Bulwer-Lytton. His eldest brother William holds the family lands, granted to his ancestor by the Conqueror. The second brother, Henry, whose death was lately recorded, was created Lord Bailing for his eminent services as a diplomatist. The third, youngest, and most famous of the family, is the subject of this notice—Edward George Earle Lytton Bulwer, Baron Lytton of Knebworth. He married, in 1827, Rosina, daughter of Francis Wheeler, Esq., the surviving issue of which marriage is a son, well known as a writer under the nom de plume of Owen Meredith. Lord Lytton's other child, a daughter, died unmarried in 1848.

The great novelist was very young when first he began to write. When he was only fifteen, he sent out 'Ismael, an Oriental Tale,' and a poem on 'Waterloo,' celebrating the heroic deeds of Corporal Shaw the Lifeguards-man:

The young poet was sent to Cambridge, where in 1825 he won the Chancellor's medal; and after another volume of verse, gave the world 'Falkland,' his first novel. A large part of this work is made up of letters from one of the characters to another; and the old style of heading, 'From the same to the same,' becomes very tedious, as they talk in vapid platitudes, slightly spiced with Byronic morality. The preface is dated March 7, 1827, and the author says in it, he is 'entering a career with no motive and


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70 My husband and I were so attached to him, and appreciated so deeply his fidelity, we could not thank the good-fortune enough that gave us one so loyal to our interests.

Before we reached the post we were approaching, the commandant sent out ice for our use, and the despatches of the Associated Press. The general was greatly delighted to get news of events that had occurred all over the world, in this far distant land. We found afterwards that the officers joined in paying for the despatches. The Indians had such a superstition about molesting the wires, that the lines ran through even the most dangerous country. I can hardly say how good it seemed to us to see a telegraph-pole again.

We were not surprised, after seeing the other posts below on the river, that the guide had praised Fort Sully. It was the head-quarters of one of the infantry regiments, and the commanding officer had been at the post long enough to put it in excellent order. It was situated on an open plateau, from which there was an extensive view. Below in the valley the companies had gardens, and they also kept cows, pigs, and chickens. We looked upon all this as an El Dorado, and the thought of remaining long enough at one fort to get any good out of a garden was simply unknown in our vagrant existence.

Our camp was very near the post, on the same open plain, without trees or shelter. We were received with genuine hospitality, and finally all of us invited to luncheon. The ladies came up from the steamer, and the large house was filled with happy people. The

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 in common with those of his competitors.' How many of them are alive now to witness the goal he has reached? Not one, probably. He said then, forty-five years ago, that he had 'shaped out an empire for himself, which their praise cannot widen, and which their censure is unable to destroy.'

Bold words for a young man invading the territories of imaginative literature; but we may safely assume that Mr. Bulwer felt his power, though his first production, 'Falkland,' shows very little more talent than went to novel-making in that time of Albums and Books of Beauty, nearly half a century ago.

His next work, however, showed what he was made of to peculiar advantage. He called it 'Mortimer, or the Adventures of a Gentleman.' His publishers did not like that title; but as 'Pelham' the book went down, and the author at once found himself famous.

'Pelham' was published in 1828. After it came 'The Disowned,' a novel of very doubtful merit, that owed its existence to the author's study of metaphysics. 'Out of that study,' he says, 'grew the character of Algernon Mordaunt.' Then came, in quick succession, 'Devereux,' 'Paul Clifford,' 'Eugene Aram,' a drama on that subject, 'Last Days of Pompeii,' 'The Crisis,' 'Rienzi;' his dramas, 'The Duchess of La Valliere,' 'The Lady of Lyons,' 'Richelieu,' and 'Money.' 'Godolphin,' a story of fashionable life, 'The Pilgrims of the Rhine,' and a political work entitled 'England and the English,' all appeared in 1833; and at this time the author of 'Pelham' became editor of the 'New Monthly Magazine,' a post he occupied for a year and a half. From his contributions in that time two volumes of essays, called 'The Student,' were afterwards compiled.

'Ernest Maltravers' appeared in 1837; 'The Sea Captain, or the Birthright,' the original from which the 'Rightful Heir' was reproduced a year or two back, made its appearance in 1839, and was hardly to be called a success; but 'Money,' first produced in 1840, was most successful, and has, with 'Richelieu' and 'The Lady of Lyons,' held the boards ever since. From 1841 to the end of 1843, the world received from his most prolific pen, 'Night and Morning,' 'Zanoni,' and 'The Last of the Barons.' Besides this immense labour as a novelist, Mr. Bulwer had been busily occupied by


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 NATURAL SELECTION.


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 NATURE BEFORE ART.


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Rh post band played outside on the parade-ground while we lunched. We had nine kinds of game on the table. Some of it was new to us—the beaver tail, for instance—but it was so like pork and so fat I could only taste it. We had, in addition, antelope, elk, buffalo tongue, wild turkey, black-tailed deer, wild goose, plover, and duck. The goose was a sort of "fatted calf" for us. The soldiers had caught it while young, and by constantly clipping its wings, had kept it from joining the flocks which its cries often brought circling around the post. At last it began to make the life of the chickens a burden to them, and we arrived in time to enjoy the delicious bird served with jelly made from the tart, wild "bullberries" that grew near the river. The home-made bread, delightful cake, tender ham of the garrison's own curing, and the sweets made with cream, fresh butter, and eggs—three unheard-of luxuries with us—proved that it is possible for army people to live in comfort if they do not belong to a mounted regiment. Still, though they had a band and a good library belonging to the regiment, the thought of being walled in with snow, and completely isolated for eight months of the year, made me shudder. The post was midway between Yankton and Bismarck, each the termination of a railroad, and each two hundred and fifty miles away.

The wife of the commanding officer was known throughout the department for her lovely Christian character, and the contented life she led under all circumstances. I was much amused at her account of her repeated trials in trying to secure a permanent

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