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54 There exists a fine ballad on the "Hunting of Arscott, of Tetcott," in which Simon is mentioned. Mr. Frank Abbott, gamekeeper at Pencarrow, but born at Tetcott, informed me, concerning Dogget:—

"Once they unkennelled in the immediate neighbourhood of Tetcott, and killed at Hatherleigh. This runner was in at the death, as was his wont. John Arscott ordered him a bed at Hatherleigh, but to his astonishment, when he returned to Tetcott, his 'wife' told him all the particulars of the run. 'Then,' said Arscott, 'this must be the doing of none other than Dogget: where be he?'"

Dogget was soon found in the servants' hall, drinking ale, having outstripped his master and run all the way home.

The ballad above mentioned begins as follows:—

To return to Black John. His wonted couch when he could not get back to Tetcott at night was a bed among the reeds or fern of some sheltering brake or wood, and he slept, as he himself used to express it, "rolled up, as warm as a hedge-boar, round his own


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Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Korolenko, Vladimir

KOROLENKO, VLADIMIR, a Russian author. He was born at Jitomir in 1853 and was educated at Jitomir, Rovno, the Technological Institute, Petrograd; Moscow Agricultural Academy. He was banished to Vologda, settled in Kronstadt, and returned to Petrograd in 1877. He was banished to Glasov, then to Berezovskava-pochinka; imprisoned in Viatka, moved to Tomsk and to Perm in 1880. He then went to Yakutsk and settled in Nijni-Novgorod in 1885. He went to Petrograd in 1896, and since 1900 has been associated with the editing of the journal "Russkoe Bogatshbo." His works include: "Makar's Dream"; "In the Hunger-Year"; "The History of a Contemporary of Mine"; "The Blind Musician"; "Without Speech"; and three volumes of tales and sketches.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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 creon.’ In 1805 Vendramini went to Russia, and was for two years in the employment of the czar, by whom his work was so much admired that, when he desired to leave, he was unable to obtain the necessary permission, and was obliged to effect his escape in disguise. After his return to England he produced many fine plates, both in stipple and line, chiefly from pictures by the old masters, including ‘Leda,’ after Leonardo da Vinci; ‘Vision of Saint Catherine,’ after Paul Veronese; ‘St. Sebastian,’ after Spagnoletto; and ‘Raising of Lazarus,’ from the picture by Sebastiano del Piombo now in the National Gallery. He died at his house in Regent Street, London, on 8 Feb. 1839. Vendramini married an Englishwoman of Portuguese origin, by whom he had two daughters.

(fl. 1820), an engraver who was contemporary with Giovanni, and probably his brother, appears to have followed him to Russia and there settled. He practised both in stipple and line, and became a member of the Academy of Fine Arts at St. Petersburg. His finest and best known plate is the ‘Death of Peter Martyr,’ after Titian.

[Gent. Mag. 1839, i. 325; Bryan's Dict. of Painters and Engravers, ed. Armstrong; Andresen's Handbuch für Kupferstichsammler.]

VENN, HENRY (1725–1797), evangelical divine, third son of Richard Venn [q. v.], was born at Barnes, Surrey, on 2 March 1724–1725. He was admitted at St. John's College, Cambridge, in June 1742, but soon migrated to Jesus College, having been appointed to a Rustat scholarship there. He graduated B.A. in honours, 1745–6, and M.A. 1749. He was nominated by William Battie [q. v.] in 1747 to the university scholarship which Battie had just founded, and was elected to a fellowship at Queens' College on 30 March 1749, which he held till his marriage in 1757. He was ordained deacon in June 1747, and priest in June 1749, and for some time served as curate at Barton, Cambridgeshire, and elsewhere in the neighbourhood. In 1750 he left Cambridge and went as curate to Adam Langley, who held the livings of St. Matthew, Friday Street, and West Horsley, Surrey. In these years he changed his father's high-church principles for others of an evangelical character. In 1753 he was elected lecturer of St. Swithun's, London Stone. In 1754 he accepted the curacy of Clapham, where he commenced a lifelong friendship with John Thornton and others of his family [see under ]. In 1759 he became vicar of Huddersfield. During the twelve years that he remained there he produced a profound impression by his piety and earnestness (see Life, pp. 38–47). In 1771, being completely broken down in health by his exhausting labours, he accepted the small living of Yelling, Huntingdonshire, about twelve miles from Cambridge, which he held till his death.

Venn is commonly spoken of as a Calvinist, but his opinions were far from extreme, and he had a strong dislike to this and other party names. His disposition, far from being gloomy, was remarkably cheerful and happy. The letters published in his ‘Life’ were naturally selected for their devotional character, but his large unpublished correspondence shows a mind of much natural shrewdness, playfulness, and affection. The singular charm of his conversation was admitted by all who met him. As one of the prominent leaders of the evangelical revival in the church of England, he became widely known by his labours as a preacher, by his writings, and, in later years, by his large correspondence and his strong personal influence on many young men who used to visit him from Cambridge. Among these were Charles Simeon [q. v.], William Farish [q. v.], and Joseph Jowett [q. v.] His most popular work was the ‘Compleat Duty of Man.’ The title was doubtless suggested by the well-known ‘Whole Duty,’ but the views expounded were widely different. It had a very large circulation. The first edition was published in 1763, and many subsequent editions followed.

Venn died at Clapham, where his son was rector, on 24 June 1797, and was buried in the old churchyard.

He married twice: first at Clapham, on 10 May 1757, Eling (d. 1767), daughter of Thomas Bishop, minister of the Tower church, Ipswich, by whom he had one son, John (see below), and four daughters. Of these, the eldest, Eling, married Mr. Charles Elliott, and was the mother of Edward Bishop Elliott [q. v.] and Henry Venn Elliott [q. v.] He married, secondly, in July 1771, a widow, Catherine Smith, daughter of James Ascough, vicar of Highworth, Wiltshire.

Venn's other works were: 1. ‘A Volume of Sermons,’ 1759. 2. ‘The Examination of Dr. Priestley's Free Address on the Lord's Supper,’ 1769. 3. ‘Mistakes in Religion exposed: an Essay on the Prophet Zacharias,’ 1774. 4. ‘Memoirs of Sir John Barnard, Mayor of London,’ 1786; and a number of separate sermons, one of these being preached at Bath on the death of George Whitefield, as ‘a token of respect.’

There are two portraits of him in posses-


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Rh to have let him have a hundred or so of your money. You would have been pleased with the investment, believe me."

"Oh, I have let him have some of my money," groaned the old man.

"You have? My dear sir," seizing both the miser's hands in both his own and heartily shaking them. "My dear sir, how I congratulate you. You don't know."

"Ugh, ugh! I fear I don't," with another groan. "His name is Truman, is it?"

"John Truman."

"Where does he live?"

"In St. Louis."

"Where's his office?"

"Let me see. Jones street, number one hundred and—no, no—anyway, it's somewhere or other up-stairs in Jones street."

"Can't you remember the number? Try, now."

"One hundred—two hundred—three hundred—"

"Oh, my hundred dollars! I wonder whether it will be one hundred, two hundred, three hundred, with them! Ugh, ugh! Can't remember the number?"

"Positively, though I once knew, I have forgotten, quite forgotten it. Strange, But never mind. You will easily learn in St. Louis. He is well known there."

"But I have no receipt—ugh, ugh! Nothing to show—don't know where I stand—ought to have a guardeean—ugh, ugh! Don't know anything. Ugh, ugh!"

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 sion of the family, one of them by John Russell (1745–1806) [q. v.]

His son, (1759–1813), a central figure of the group of religious philanthropists known as the ‘Clapham sect,’ was born at Clapham while his father was curate there, on 9 March 1759. He entered at Sidney-Sussex College, Cambridge, graduated B.A. in 1781, and M.A. in 1784. He was rector of Little Dunham, Norfolk, from 1783 to 1792, and rector of Clapham from 1792 to his death. He was one of the original founders of the Church Missionary Society in 1797, and was an active participator in the labours of his friends in the suppression of the slave trade and other philanthropic efforts. He died at Clapham on 1 July 1813. He married first, at Trinity Church, Hull, on 22 Oct. 1789, Catherine, daughter of William King, merchant, of Hull. By her he had Henry Venn (1796–1873) [q. v.] and John, for many years vicar of St. Peter's, Hereford; also five daughters, of whom Jane, the second, married James (afterwards Sir James) Stephen [q. v.], and was mother of Sir James Fitzjames Stephen [q. v.] and of Sir Leslie Stephen. He married, secondly, on 25 Aug. 1812, Frances, daughter of John Turton, esq., of Clapham. A volume of his sermons was published after his death.

[Venn's Life was commenced by his son John, and completed, with a selection of his letters, by his grandson Henry in 1834. See also Sir James Stephen's account of the Clapham Sect in his Essays on Ecclesiastical Biography, and Notes and Queries, 9th ser. iv. 4.]  VENN, HENRY (1796–1873), divine, son of John Venn, rector of Clapham, and grandson of Henry Venn (1725–1797) [q. v.], was born at Clapham on 10 Feb. 1796. He matriculated from Queens' College, Cambridge, in 1814, graduated B.A. as nineteenth wrangler in 1818, and was elected a fellow of that college in January 1819. He graduated M.A. in 1821 and B.D. in 1828. He was ordained deacon of Ely in 1819, and priest in 1820, and soon afterwards took the curacy of St. Dunstan-in-the-West. In practice it was a sole charge, and he remained there four years. He returned to Cambridge in 1824, where he was actively engaged as a lecturer, and afterwards as a tutor. He was proctor in 1825, and for a short time evening lecturer at St. Mary's. In 1827 he was appointed by an old friend of his family, named Wilberforce, to the incumbency of Drypool, Hull. He resigned his fellowship in 1829 on his marriage. In 1834 he accepted the living of St. John's, Holloway, in the gift of Daniel Wilson, vicar of Islington, which he held till 1848. He was appointed a prebendary of St. Paul's Cathedral in 1846.

He resigned St. John's in 1846, in order to devote himself entirely to the work of the Church Missionary Society. He acted as honorary secretary for thirty-two years, from 1841 to 1873, and it is with this society—his connection with which was hereditary, his father having been one of the founders in 1797—that his name will always be associated. His remarkable gifts of organisation, discrimination of character, and sound and rapid judgment, made him for many years the leading spirit in the counsels of the society. When he first undertook the work there were 107 European and nine native clergy employed by the society. When he died in 1873 these numbers had risen to 230 and 148 respectively. During his tenure of office no fewer than 498 clergymen were sent abroad. All of them passed under his personal inspection, and with most of them he as secretary maintained a regular correspondence. He was largely concerned in the establishment of eight or nine bishoprics for the more efficient superintendence of the missionary clergy, and was generally consulted in the appointments made. With a view to checking the slave trade on the west coast of Africa, and for the useful employment of native converts, he spent much time in developing the trade in the natural products of the country. He had young negroes sent to England in order to learn improved methods of preparation of cotton, palm oil, and other articles of trade; and he paid repeated visits to friends at Manchester engaged in the cotton industry.

In his later years his position as a recognised leader of the evangelical body in the church of England was acknowledged by his being placed on the two royal commissions commonly known as the ‘clerical subscription’ and the ‘ritual commissions.’ He died at Mortlake, Surrey, where he had resided for twelve years, on 13 Jan. 1873, and was buried in the churchyard of that parish. On 21 Jan. 1829 he was married to Martha, fourth daughter of Nicholas Sykes of Swanland, near Hull.

His incessant correspondence left little leisure for literary work, beyond occasional sermons and pamphlets upon the principal questions arising in his professional work. Among these may be mentioned ‘Colonial Church Legislation,’ 1850; ‘Lord Langdale and the Gorham Judgment,’ 1853; ‘Retrospect and Prospect of the Operations of the Church Missionary Society,’ 1865.

His only substantive works were the ‘Life and Letters of Henry Venn’ (his grandfather), first published in 1834; and his


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 thunder and hail storms are experienced. In the winter or dry season there are occasional heavy dust storms.

Geology.—The greater part of Bechuanaland is covered with superficial deposits consisting of the sands of the desert regions of the Kalahari and the alluvium and saliferous marls of the Okavango basin. The oldest rocks, granites, gneisses and schistose sandstones, the Ngami series, rise to the surface in the east and south-east and doubtless immediately underlie much of the sand areas. A sandstone found in the neighbourhood of Palapye is considered to be the equivalent of the Waterberg formation of the Transvaal. The Karroo formation and associate dolerites (Loalemandelstein) occur in the same region. A deposit of sinter and a calcareous sandstone, known as the Kalahari Kalk, considered by Dr Passarge to be of Miocene age, overlies a sandstone and curious breccia (Botletle Schnichten). These deposits are held by Passarge to indicate Tertiary desert conditions, to which the basin of the Zambezi is slowly reverting.

Fauna.—Until towards the close of the 19th century Bechuanaland abounded in big game, and the Kalahari is still the home of the lion, leopard, hyena, jackal, elephant, hippopotamus, rhinoceros, buffalo, antelope of many species, ostrich and even the giraffe. Venomous reptiles, e.g. puff-adders and cobras, are met with, enormous frogs are common, and walking and flying locusts, mosquitoes, white ants, flying beetles, scorpions, spiders and tarantulas are very numerous. The crocodile is found in some of the rivers. Many of the rivers are well stocked with fish. In those containing water in the rainy season only, the fish preserve life when the bed is dry by burrowing deeply in the ooze before it hardens. The principal fish are the baba or cat-fish (clarias sp.) and the yellow-fish, both of which attain considerable size. Bustards (the great kori and the koorhaan) are common.

Flora.—In the eastern district are stretches of grass land, both sweet and sour veld. In the “bush” are found tufts of tall coarse grass with the space between bare or covered with herbaceous creepers or water-bearing tubers. A common creeper is one bearing a small scarlet cucumber, and a species of watermelon called tsoma is also abundant. Of the melon and cucumber there are both bitter and sweet varieties. Besides the grass and the creepers the bush is made up of berry-yielding bushes (some of the bushes being rich in aromatic resinous matter), the wait-a-bit thorn and white thorned mimosa. The indigo and cotton plants grow wild. Among the rare big trees—found chiefly in the north-east—are baobab and palmyra and certain fruit trees, one bearing a pink plum. There are remains of ancient forests consisting of wild olive trees and the camel thorn, near which grows the ngotuane, a plant with a profusion of fine, strongly scented yellow flowers.

Chief Towns.—The chief town in southern Bechuanaland, i.e. the part incorporated in Cape Colony, is (q.v.), near the headwaters of the Molopo river. It is the headquarters of the Barolong tribe, and although within the Cape border is the seat of the administration of the protectorate. Vryburg (pop., 1904, 2985), founded by Boer filibusters in 1882, and Taungs, are towns on the railway between Kimberley and Mafeking. Taungs has some 22,000 inhabitants, being the chief kraal of the Batlapin tribe. About 7 m. south of Vryburg, at Tiger Kloof, is an Industrial Training Institute for natives founded in 1904 by the London Missionary Society. Upington (2508) on the north bank of the Orange, an agricultural centre, is the chief town in Gordonia, the western division of southern Bechuanaland. (q.v.) is a native town near the source of the Kuruman river, 85 m. south-west of Vryburg. It has been the scene of missionary labours since the early years of the 19th century. North of Mafeking on the railway to Bulawayo are the small towns of Gaberones and Francistown. The last named is the chief township in the Tati concession, the centre of a gold-mining region, and the most important white settlement in the protectorate. Besides these places there are five or six large native towns, each the headquarters of a distinct tribe. The most important is Serowe, with over 20,000 inhabitants, the capital of the Bamangwato, founded by the chief Khama in 1903. It is about 250 m. north-north-east of Mafeking, and took the place of the abandoned capital Palapye, which in its turn had succeeded Shoshong. The chief centre in the western Kalahari is Lehututu.

Agriculture and Trade.—The soil is very fertile, and if properly irrigated would yield abundant harvests. Unirrigated land laid under wheat by the natives is said to yield twelve bushels an acre. Cereals are grown in many of the river valleys. Maize and millet are the chief crops. The wealth of the Bechuana consists principally in their cattle, which they tend with great care, showing a shrewd discrimination in the choice of pasture suited to oxen, sheep and goats. Water can usually be obtained all the year round by sinking wells from 20 to 30 ft. deep. The “sweet veld” is specially suitable to cattle, and the finer shorter grass which succeeds it affords pasturage for sheep.

Gold mines are worked in the Tati district, the first discoveries having been made there in 1864. There are gold-bearing quartz reefs at Madibi, near Mafeking, where mining began in 1906. Diamonds have been found near Vryburg. The existence of coal near Palapye about 60 ft. below the surface has been proved. The coal, however, is not mined, and much of the destruction of timber in southern Bechuanaland was caused by the demand for fuel for Kimberley. Copper ore has been found near Francistown.

Formerly there was a trade in ostrich feathers and ivory; but this has ceased, and the chief trade has since consisted in supplying the natives with European goods in exchange for cattle, hides, the skins and horns of game, firewood and fencing poles, and in forwarding goods north and south. The protectorate is a member of the South African Customs Union. The value of the goods imported into the protectorate in 1906 was £118,322; the value of the exports was £77,736. The sale of spirits to natives is forbidden.

Communications.—As the great highway from Cape Colony to the north, Bechuanaland has been described as the “Suez canal of South Africa.” The trunk railway from Cape Town to the Victoria Falls traverses the eastern edge of Bechuanaland throughout its length. The railway enters the country at Fourteen Streams, 695 m. from Cape Town, and at Ramaquabane, 584 m. farther north, crosses into Rhodesia. The old trade route to Bulawayo, which skirts the eastern edge of the Kalahari, is now rarely used. Wagon tracks lead to Ngami, 320 m. N.W. from Palapye Road Station, and to all the settlements. From the scarcity of water on the main routes through the Kalahari these roads are known as “the thirsts”; along some of them wells have been sunk by the administration.

Government.—The protectorate is administered by a resident commissioner, responsible to the high commissioner for South Africa. Legislation is enacted by proclamations in the name of the high commissioner. Order is maintained by a small force of semi-military police recruited in Basutoland and officered by Europeans. Revenue is obtained mostly from customs and a hut tax, while the chief items of expenditure have been the police force and a subsidy of £20,000 per annum towards the cost of the railway, a liability which terminated in the year 1908. The average annual revenue for the five years ending the 31st of March 1906 was £30,074; the average annual expenditure during the same period was £80,114. There is no public debt, the annual deficiency being made good by a grant-in-aid from the imperial exchequer. The tribal organization of the Bechuana is maintained, and native laws and customs, with certain modifications, are upheld.

History.—Bechuanaland was visited by Europeans towards the close of the 18th century. The generally peaceful disposition of the tribes rendered the opening up of the country comparatively easy. The first regular expedition to penetrate far inland was in 1801–1802, when John (afterwards Sir John) Truter, of the Cape judicial bench, and William Somerville—an army physician and afterwards husband of Mary Somerville—were sent to the Bechuana tribes to buy cattle. The London Missionary Society established stations in what is now Griqualand West in 1803, and in 1818 the station of Kuruman, in Bechuanaland proper, was founded. In the meantime M. H. K. Lichtenstein (1804) and W. J. Burchell (1811–1812), both distinguished naturalists, and other explorers, had made familiar the general characteristics of the southern part of the

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160 "Why, you know that you gave him your confidence, don't you?"

"Oh, yes."

"Well, then?"

"But what, what—how, how—ugh, ugh!"

"Why, didn't he tell you?"

"No."

"What! Didn't he tell you that it was a secret, a mystery?"

"Oh—yes."

"Well, then?"

"But I have no bond."

"Don't need any with Mr. Truman. Mr. Truman's word is his bond."

"But how am I to get my profits—ugh, ugh!—and my money back? Don't know anything. Ugh, ugh!"

"Oh, you must have confidence."

"Don't say that word again. Makes my head spin so. Oh, I'm so old and miserable, nobody caring for me, everybody fleecing me, and my head spins so—ugh, ugh!—and this cough racks me so. I say again, I ought to have a guardeean."

"So you ought; and Mr. Truman is your guardian to the extent you invested with him. Sorry we missed him just now. But you'll hear from him. All right. It's imprudent, though, to expose yourself this way. Let me take you to your berth."

Forlornly enough the old miser moved slowly away with him. But, while descending a stairway, he was seized with such coughing that he was fain to pause.

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 Venn and his name and seal are affixed to the death-warrant. At one time he was much under the influence of Christopher Love [q. v.], who had been chaplain in his regiment, and lived in his house at Windsor; he used to attend his preaching at St. Anne's, Aldersgate, and when he was no longer able to attend had his sermons taken down and sent to him. He died on 28 June 1650 (, Obituary). Bate says that he was found dead in his bed in the morning, an account which is confirmed by his daughter's diary, and which probably gave rise to the royalist report that he committed suicide. It was referred to the committee of the army on 3 July 1650, ‘to consider of some recompence to be given for the faithful service of John Venn.’ His will was proved in London on 1 July 1650. Besides a small family estate at Lydiard, he left lands in several parts of England. He was attainted after the Restoration, 29 Aug. 1660, and it is said that his estates were forfeited.

He married twice: first, Mary, daughter of a city merchant named Neville, who was buried at All Hallows on 1 Aug. 1625; secondly, Margaret, daughter of John Langley of Colchester, and widow of John Scarborrow. In the license, dated 13 Feb. 1625–6, he is described as a silkman of All Hallows, Bread Street. By his first wife he had a son Thomas, ‘Captain Venn,’ who was author of a work on ‘Military Discipline,’ 1672, and was afterwards mayor of Bridgwater. By his second wife he had a son John, and a daughter Anne, whose diary was published in 1658 under the title of ‘A Wise Virgin's Lamp burning.’ Several other children died in infancy. His widow, Margaret, not long after his death married a Mr. Wells (? Thomas Weld, editor of his daughter's diary), a minister. There were many subsequent petitions from her to the House of Commons (Cal. State Papers) for arrears due to Colonel Venn.

His namesake, (1647–1687), son of his first cousin, Simon Venn of Lydiard St. Lawrence, was master of Balliol College from 1678 to 1687, and vice-chancellor of Oxford in 1686–7.

[Calendars of State Papers and of the Committee for Compounding; House of Commons Journals; George Bate's Lives, Actions, and Execution of the prime Actors … of that horrid murder … of King Charles …, London, 1661—a brief but much more trustworthy account than the one by Noble in his Lives of the Regicides; Notes and Queries, 9th ser. iv. 4; Venn entered his pedigree in the Heralds' Visitation of London (1633–4), as his son Thomas did in 1672.]  VENN, RICHARD (1691–1740), divine, born at Holbeton, Devonshire, on 7 Jan. 1690–1, was eldest and only surviving son of Dennis Venn, vicar of Holbeton, himself the third in a direct line of clerical ancestors who graduated from Exeter College, Oxford, and held livings in Devonshire. He entered at Sidney-Sussex College, Cambridge, 1709, with a scholarship from Blundell's school, Tiverton, and graduated B.A. in 1712–13, and M.A. in 1716. He soon went to London, where he was probably curate to Thomas Bennet (1673–1728) [q. v.] He became rector of St. Antholin's in 1725, and was also weekday preacher there, preacher at Paul's Cross, and clerk of St. Giles's, Cripplegate. He acquired the reputation of a learned divine of strong high-church views, and formed close friendships with Francis Hare [q. v.], bishop of Chichester, Edmund Gibson [q. v.], bishop of London, and many of the leading London clergy. He is best known by his opposition to the appointment of Thomas Rundle [q. v.] to the bishopric of Gloucester in 1734, from the belief that Rundle held deistical opinions. The affair caused much public ferment, and government finally appointed Rundle to the bishopric of Derry in Ireland (, Memoirs, p. 229; Letters by several Eminent Persons deceased, London, 1782, ii. 35). During the controversy Venn was vigorously attacked by Arthur Ashley Sykes [q. v.], who wrote under the title of ‘A Gentleman of the Temple.’

Venn died on 16 Feb. 1739–40, and was buried at St. Antholin's. He married (license dated 2 Nov. 1716) Mary Anna Isabella Margaretta Beatrix (d. 1762), only surviving child of John Ashton [q. v.], and god-daughter of James II's queen. Her father was executed in 1691 for complicity in a Jacobite plot. By her Venn had three sons and a daughter. Of his sons, Edward graduated at St. John's, Cambridge, and became a physician at Ipswich; Richard was in business in London; and Henry [q. v.] is separately noticed. The daughter, Mary, married William James Gambier of Camberwell. A volume of Venn's miscellaneous writings was published by his widow in 1740, under the title ‘Tracts and Sermons.’

[Principally from manuscript Parentalia, communicated by his son Henry, and written by his grandson, John.]  VENNAR or VENNARD, RICHARD (d. 1615?), author, was the younger son of John Vennar of Salisbury, a commissioner of the peace. He was educated by


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Rh "That is a very bad cough."

"Church-yard—ugh, ugh!—church-yard cough.—Ugh!"

"Have you tried anything for it?"

"Tired of trying. Nothing does me any good—ugh! ugh! Not even the Mammoth Cave. Ugh! ugh! Denned there six months, but coughed so bad the rest of the coughers—ugh! ugh!—black-balled me out. Ugh, ugh! Nothing does me good."

"But have you tried the Omni-Balsamic Reinvigorator, sir?"

"That's what that Truman—ugh, ugh!—said I ought to take. Yarb-medicine; you are that yarb-doctor, too?" "The same. Suppose you try one of my boxes now. Trust me, from what I know of Mr. Truman, he is not the gentleman to recommend, even in behalf of a friend, anything of whose excellence he is not conscientiously satisfied."

"Ugh!—how much?"

"Only two dollars a box."

"Two dollars? Why don't you say two millions? ugh, ugh! Two dollars, that's two hundred cents; that's eight hundred farthings; that's two thousand mills; and all for one little box of yarb-medicine. My head, my head!—oh, I ought to have a guardeean for my head. Ugh, ugh, ugh, ugh!"

"Well, if two dollars a box seems too much, take a dozen boxes at twenty dollars; and that will be getting four boxes for nothing, and you need use none but those

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Rh nose." One day he was covered with snow, and found to all appearance dead. He was conveyed to Tetcott and put in a coffin. But as he was about to be buried, and whilst the service was proceeding, a loud thumping noise was heard within the coffin. The lid was removed, and he sat up. He had been in a long trance, but the funeral ride and jolting had revived him, and, said he, "When I heard the pa'sson say ’Earth to earth and dust to dust,' I thought it high time to bumpy."

After that he had no love for parsons of the Church or indeed ministers of any denomination, for every one of them, he said, would bury him alive, if they could. Once an itinerant Methodist preacher came across him and asked his way. Black John volunteered to show him a short cut across the park, and led him to a paddock, in which his master kept a favourite bull. He thrust the preacher into it and fastened the gate. What ensued is matter of guess-work. A yell and a bellow were heard, and some object was seen projected into the air over the hedge. Soon after Black John appeared at the Hall with a white tie in his hands, which he gave to his master, and said, "This be the vag-ends of the minister—all I could recover."

"When gout and old age had imprisoned Mr. Arscott in his easy chair, Black John nuzzled among the ashes of the vast wood fires of the hearth, or lay coiled upon his rug like some faithful mastiff watching every look and gesture of his master; starting up to fill the pipe or tankard of old ale, and then crouching again. At the squire's death and funeral, the agony of the misshapen retainer was unappeasable. He had to be removed by force from the door of the vault, and then he utterly refused to depart from the neighbourhood of the grave. He made himself another lair, near


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Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Kosciusko, Tadeusz

KOSCIUSKO, or KOSCIUSZKO, TADEUSZ, a Polish patriot; born in Lithuania, Feb. 12, 1746. He chose the career of arms, and was trained in France. In 1777 an unhappy love affair drove him to the United States, where he fought for the colonists and advanced to the rank of Brigadier General. He returned to Poland in 1786. When Russia attacked his country in 1792, Kosciusko held a position at Dubienka for five days with only 4,000 men against 18,000 Russians. King Stanislaus submitted to the Empress Catharine, whereupon Kosciusko resigned and retired to Leipsic. After the second partition of Poland he led the national movement in Cracow and was appointed dictator and commander-in-chief (1794). His defeat of a greatly superior force of Russians at Raclawice was followed by a rising of the Poles in Warsaw. He established a provisional government and took the field against the Prussians, but, defeated, fell back upon Warsaw. He was overpowered by superior numbers in the battle of Maciejowice, Oct. 10, 1794; and, covered with wounds, fell into the hands of his enemies. Two years later the Emperor Paul restored him to liberty. He spent the remainder of his life chiefly in France. When Napoleon, in 1806,

formed a plan for the restoration of Poland, Kosciusko refused his aid. In 1814 he besought the Emperor Alexander to grant an amnesty to the Poles in foreign countries, and to make himself constitutional

King of Poland. He died in Switzerland Oct. 15, 1817, by the fall of his horse over a precipice.

TADEUSZ KOSCIUSKO


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162 four, the rest you can retail out at a premium, and so cure your cough, and make money by it. Come, you had better do it. Cash down. Can fill an order in a day or two. Here now," producing a box; "pure herbs."

At that moment, seized with another spasm, the miser snatched each interval to fix his half distrustful, half hopeful eye upon the medicine, held alluringly up. "Sure—ugh! Sure it's all nat'ral? Nothing but yarbs? If I only thought it was a purely nat'ral medicine now—all yarbs—ugh, ugh!—oh this cough, this cough—ugh, ugh!—shatters my whole body. Ugh, ugh, ugh!"

"For heaven's sake try my medicine, if but a single box. That it is pure nature you may be confident. Refer you to Mr. Truman." "Don't know his number—ugh, ugh, ugh, ugh! Oh this cough. He did speak well of this medicine though; said solemnly it would cure me—ugh, ugh, ugh, ugh!—take off a dollar and I'll have a box."

"Can't sir, can't."

"Say a dollar-and-half. Ugh!"

"Can't. Am pledged to the one-price system, only honorable one."

"Take off a shilling—ugh, ugh!"

"Can't."

"Ugh, ugh, ugh—I'll take it.—There."

Grudgingly he handed eight silver coins, but while still in his hand, his cough took him, and they were shaken upon the deck.

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 38 "Pooh!" said the lad, "it isn't worth while to touch these finger-basins. I'll just go and fetch the spring itself."

"Nay, nay, dear friend!" said the Troll; "I can't afford to lose my spring; just you make up the fire, and I'll go and fetch the water."

So when he came back with the water, they set to and boiled up a great pot of porridge.

"It's all the same to me," said the lad; "but if you're of my mind, we'll eat a match!"

"With all my heart," said the Troll, for he thought he could surely hold his own in eating. So they sat down; but the lad took his scrip unawares to the Troll, and hung it before him, and so he spooned more into the scrip than he ate himself; and when the scrip was full, he took up his knife and made a slit in the scrip. The Troll looked on all the while, but said never a word. So when they had eaten a good bit longer, the Troll laid down his spoon, saying, "Nay! but I can't eat a morsel more."

"But you shall eat," said the youth; "I'm only half done; why don't you do as I did, and cut a hole in your paunch? You'll be able to eat then as much as you please."

"But doesn't it hurt one cruelly?" asked the Troll.

"Oh," said the youth, "nothing to speak of."

So the Troll did as the lad said, and then you must know very well that he lost his life; but the lad took all the silver and gold that he found in the hill-side, and went home with it, and you may fancy it went a great way to pay off the debt.


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 Rh HACON GRIZZLEBEARD.

on a time there was a Princess who was so proud and pert that no suitor was good enough for her. She made game of them all, and sent them about their business, one after the other; but though she was so proud, still new suitors kept on coming to the palace, for she was a beauty, the wicked hussey!

So one day there came a prince to woo her, and his name was Hacon Grizzlebeard; but the first night he was there, the Princess bade the king's fool cut off the ears of one of the prince's horses, and slit the jaws of the other up to the ears. When the prince went out to drive next day, the Princess stood in the porch and looked at him.

"Well!" she cried, "I never saw the like of this in all my life; the keen north wind that blows here has taken the ears off one of your horses, and the other has stood by and gaped at what was going on till his jaws have split right up to his ears."

And with that she burst out into a roar of laughter, ran in, slammed to the door, and let him drive off.

So he drove home; but as he went, he thought to himself that he would pay her off one day. After a bit, he put on a great beard of moss, threw a great fur cloak over his clothes, and dressed himself up just like any beggar. He went to a goldsmith and bought a golden spinning wheel, and sat down with it under the Princess' window,


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Rh One by one, the herb-doctor picked them up, and, examining them, said: "These are not quarters, these are pistareens; and clipped, and sweated, at that."

"Oh don't be so miserly—ugh, ugh!—better a beast than a miser ugh, ugh!"

"Well, let it go. Anything rather than the idea of your not being cured of such a cough. And I hope, for the credit of humanity, you have not made it appear worse than it is, merely with a view to working upon the weak point of my pity, and so getting my medicine the cheaper. Now, mind, don't take it till night. Just before retiring is the time. There, you can get along now, can't you? I would attend you further, but I land presently, and must go hunt up my luggage."

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 40 and began to file away at his spinning wheel, and to turn it this way and that, for it wasn't quite in order, and besides, it wanted a stand.

So when the Princess rose up in the morning, she came to the window and threw it up, and called out to the beggar if he would sell his golden spinning wheel?

"No; it isn't for sale," said Hacon Grizzlebeard; "but if I may have leave to sleep outside your bed-room door to-night, I'll give it you."

Well, the Princess thought it a good bargain; there could be no danger in letting him sleep outside her door. So she got the wheel, and at night Hacon Grizzlebeard lay down outside her bed-room. But as the night wore on he began to freeze.

"Hutetutetutetu! it is so cold; do let me in," he cried.

"You've lost your wits outright, I think," said the Princess.

"Oh, hutetutetutetu! it is so bitter cold, pray do let me in," said Hacon Grizzlebeard again.

"Hush! hush! hold your tongue!" said the Princess; "if my father were to know that there was a man in the house, I should be in a fine scrape."

"Oh, hutetutetutetu! I'm almost frozen to death; only let me come inside and lie on the floor," said Hacon Grizzlebeard.

Yes! there was no help for it. She had to let him in, and when he was, he lay on the ground and slept like a top.

Some time after, Hacon came again with the stand to the spinning wheel, and sat down under the Princess'


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 Rh window, and began to file at it, for it was not quite fit for use. When she heard him filing, she threw up the window and began to talk to him, and to ask what he had there.

"Oh! only the stand to that spinning wheel which your royal highness bought; for I thought, as you had the wheel, you might like to have the stand too."

"What do you want for it?" asked the Princess; but it was not for sale any more than the wheel, but she might have them if she would give him leave to sleep on the floor of her bedroom next night.

Well! she gave him leave, only he was to be sure to lie still, and not to shiver and call out "hutetu," or any such stuff. Hacon Grizzlebeard promised fair enough, but as the night wore on he began to shiver and shake, and to ask whether he might not come nearer, and lie on the floor alongside the Princess' bed.

There was no help for it; she had to give him leave, lest the king should hear the noise he made. So Hacon Grizzlebeard lay alongside the Princess' bed, and slept like a top.

It was a long while before Hacon Grizzlebeard came again; but when he came he had with him a golden wool-winder, and he sat down and began to file away at it under the Princess' window. Then came the old story over again. When the Princess heard what was going on, she came to the window and asked him how he did, and whether he would sell the golden wool-winder?

"It is not to be had for money; but if you'll give me leave to sleep to-night in your bed-room, with my head on your bedstead, you shall have it for nothing," said Hacon Grizzlebeard.


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 42 "Well! she would give him leave, if he only gave his word to be quiet and make no noise. So he said he would do his best to be still; but as the night wore on he began to shiver and shake, so that his teeth chattered again.

"Hutetutetutetu! it is so bitter cold! Oh, do let me get into bed and warm myself a little," said Hacon Grizzlebeard.

"Get into bed!" said the Princess; why, you must have lost your wits."

"Hutetutetutetu!" said Hacon; "do let me get into bed. Hutetutetutetu."

"Hush! hush! be still for God's sake," said the Princess; "if father knows there is a man in here, I shall be in a sad plight. I'm sure he'll kill me on the spot."

"Hutetutetutetu! let me get into bed," said Hacon Grizzlebeard, who kept on shivering so that the whole room shook. Well! there was no help for it; she had to let him get into bed, where he slept both sound and soft; but a little while after the Princess had a child, at which the king grew so wild with rage, that he was near making an end of both mother and babe.

Just after this happened, came Hacon Grizzlebeard tramping that way once more, as if by chance, and took his seat down in the kitchen, like any other beggar.

So when the Princess came out and saw him, she cried, "Ah, God have mercy on me, for the ill-luck you have brought on me; father is ready to burst with rage; do let me follow you to your home."

"Oh! I'll be bound you're too well bred to follow me," said Hacon, "for I have nothing but a log hut to live in;


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56 the churchyard wall, and there he sobbed away the brief remnant of his days."

The story goes that on one long and tremendous chase, Dogget running by his master's horse—

On this occasion the chase continued to Penkenner.

In this memorable run, the fox went over the cliffs and the hounds after him; but Arscott and the rest of the hunters drew up, and though he lost his hounds, he did not lose his life. Penkenner is a magnificent and sheer cliff, west of St. Genny's Church. A deep cleft is on one side, and Crackington Cove on the other. There was no possible escape for the fox. As to the "sons of the Blue" who were in this memorable run with Arscott, of Tetcott, opinions differ.

The versions of the ballad vary greatly. I have had a copy, written in 1820, with explanatory notes. The date of the song is sometimes set down as 1752, sometimes as 1772. The "sons of the Blue" are taken to have been Sir John Molesworth, of Pencarrow, Bart., William Morshead, of Blisland, and Braddon Clode, of Skisdon. But neither Sir John Molesworth nor Mr. Morshead was, as it happens, a naval man. If the date were either 1652 or 1672, it would fit an earlier John Arscott, of Tetcott, who died in 1708; and Sir John Molesworth of the period was Vice-Admiral of Cornwall; and the sons of the blue were his sons, Hender, Sparke, and John. The second John Molesworth


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", yarbs; natur, natur; you foolish old file you! He diddled you with that hocus-pocus, did he? Yarbs and natur will cure your incurable cough, you think."

It was a rather eccentric-looking person who spoke; somewhat ursine in aspect; sporting a shaggy spencer of the cloth called bear's-skin; a high-peaked cap of raccoon-skin, the long bushy tail switching over behind; raw-hide leggings; grim stubble chin; and to end, a double-barreled gun in hand—a Missouri bachelor, a  gentleman, of Spartan leisure and fortune, and equally Spartan manners and sentiments; and, as the sequel may show, not less acquainted, in a Spartan way of his own, with philosophy and books, than with wood craft and rifles.

He must have overheard some of the talk between the miser and the herb-doctor; for, just after the withdrawal of the one, he made up to the other—now at the foot of the stairs leaning against the baluster there—with the greeting above.

"Think it will cure me?" coughed the miser in echo;

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Rh married Jane, daughter of the elder John Arscott, in 1704. It seems probable, accordingly, that the ballad belonged originally to the earlier John Arscott, and that it was adapted a century later to the last John Arscott. The melody to which it is still sung at the rent-audit of the Molesworth estate at Tetcott is a very ancient one, which was employed by Tom D'Urfey, in his Pills to Purge Melancholy, 1719, for a song entitled "Dear Catholic Brother." I have given it in my Songs of the West.

Since the death of Arscott, he still hunts.

The belief that he is to be heard winding his horn and in full gallop in chase through the park at Tetcott is still prevalent, and there are those alive who assert positively that they have heard and seen him. Curiously enough much the same belief adheres to Dunsland, and there one of the Bickfords is thought to be the Wild Huntsman. I know of one who is so convinced that he and his hounds rushed past her through the grounds along a certain drive, that nothing afterwards would induce her on any consideration to go along that drive at night.


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 country. The Rev. John Campbell, one of the founders of the Bible Society, also travelled in southern Bechuanaland and the adjoining districts in 1812–1814 and 1819–1821, adding considerably to the knowledge of the river systems. About 1817 Mosilikatze, the founder of the Matabele nation, fleeing from the wrath of Chaka, the Zulu king, began his career of conquest, during which he ravaged a great part of Bechuanaland and enrolled large numbers of Bechuana in his armies. Eventually the Matabele settled to the north-east in the country which afterwards bore their name. In 1821 Robert Moffat arrived at Kuruman as agent of the London Missionary Society, and made it his headquarters for fifty years. Largely as the result of the work of Moffat (who reduced the Bechuana tongue to writing), and of other missionaries, the Bechuana advanced notably in civilization. The arrival of David Livingstone in 1841 marked the beginning of the systematic exploration of the northern regions. His travels, and those of C. J. Andersson (1853–1858) and others, covered almost every part of the country hitherto unknown. In 1864 Karl Mauch discovered gold in the Tati district.

At the time of the first contact of the Bechuana with white men the Cape government was the only civilized authority in South Africa; and from this cause, and the circumstance that the missionaries who lived among and exercised great influence over them were of British nationality, the connexion between Bechuanaland and the Cape became close. As early as 1836 an act was passed extending the jurisdiction of the Cape courts in certain cases as far north as 25° S.—a limit which included the southern part of Bechuanaland. Although under strong British influence the country was nevertheless ruled by its own chiefs, among whom the best-known in the middle of the 19th century were Montsioa, chief of the Barolong, and Sechele, chief of the Bakwena and the friend of Livingstone. At this period the Transvaal Boers were in a very unsettled state, and those living in the western districts showed a marked inclination to encroach upon the lands of the Bechuana. In 1852 Great Britain by the Sand river convention acknowledged the independence of the Transvaal. Save the Vaal river no frontier was indicated, and “boasting,” writes Livingstone in his Missionary Travels, “that the English had given up all the blacks into their power they (the Boers) assaulted the Bakwains” (Bakwena).

With this event the political history of Bechuanaland may be said to have begun. Not only was Sechele attacked at his capital Kolobeng, and the European stores and Livingstone’s house there looted, but the Boers stopped a trader named M‘Cabe from going northward. Again to quote Livingstone, “The Boers resolved to shut up the interior and I determined to open the country.” In 1858 the Boers told the missionaries that they must not go north without their (the Boers’) consent. Moffat complained to Sir George Grey, the governor of Cape Colony, through whose intervention the molestation by Transvaal Boers of British subjects in their passage through Bechuanaland was stopped. At a later date (1865) the Boers tried to raise taxes from the Barolong, but without success, a commando sent against them in 1868 being driven off by Montsioa’s brother Molema. This led to a protest (in 1870) from Montsioa, which he lodged with a landdrost at Potchefstroom in the Transvaal, threatening to submit the matter to the British high commissioner if any further attempt at taxation were made on the part of the Boers. The Boers then resorted to cajolery, and at a meeting held in August 1870, at which President Pretorius and Paul Kruger represented the Transvaal, invited the Barolong to join their territories with that of the republic, in order to save them from becoming British. Montsioa’s reply was short: “No one ever spanned-in an ass with an ox in one yoke.” In the following year the claims of the Boers, the Barolong, and other tribes were submitted to the arbitration of R. W. Keate, lieutenant-governor of Natal, and his award placed Montsioa’s territory outside the limits of the Transvaal. This attempt of the Boers to gain possession of Bechuanaland having failed, T. F. Burgers, the president of the Transvaal in 1872, endeavoured to replace Montsioa as chief of the Barolong by Moshette, whom he declared to be the rightful ruler and paramount chief of that people. The attacks of the Boers at length became so unbearable that Montsioa in 1874 made a request to the British authorities to be taken under their protection. In formulating this appeal he declared that when the Boers were at war with Mosilikatze, chief of the Matabele, he had aided them on the solemn understanding that they were to respect his boundaries. This promise they had broken. Khama, chief of the Bamangwato in northern Bechuanaland, wrote in August 1876 to Sir Henry Barkly making an appeal similar to that sent by the Barolong. The letter contained the following significant passages:

The statements of Khama in this letter do not appear to have been exaggerated. The testimony of Livingstone confirms them, and even a Dutch clergyman, writing in 1869, described the system of apprenticeship of natives which obtained among the Boers “as slavery in the fullest sense of the word.” These representations on the part of the Barolong, and the Bamangwato under Khama, supported by the representations of Cape politicians, led in 1878 to the military occupation of southern Bechuanaland by a British force under Colonel (afterwards General Sir Charles) Warren. A small police force continued to occupy the district until April 1881, but, ignoring the wishes of the Bechuana and the recommendations of Sir Bartle Frere (then high commissioner), the home government refused to take the country under British protection. On the withdrawal of the police, southern Bechuanaland fell into a state of anarchy, nor did the fixing (on paper) of the frontier between it and the Transvaal by the Pretoria convention of August 1881 have any beneficial effect. There was fighting between Montsioa and Moshette, while Massow, a Batlapin chief, invited the aid of the Boers against Mankoroane, who claimed to be paramount chief of the Batlapin. The Transvaal War of that date offered opportunities to the freebooting Boers of the west which were not to be lost. At this time the British, wearied of South African troubles, were disinclined to respond to native appeals for help. Consequently the Boers proceeded without let or hindrance with their conquest and annexation of territory. In 1882 they set up the republic of Stellaland, with Vryburg as its capital, and forthwith proceeded to set up the republic of Goshen, farther north, in spite of the protests of Montsioa, and established a small town called Rooi Grond as capital. They then summoned Montsioa to quit the territory. The efforts of the British authorities at this period (1882–1883) to bring about a satisfactory settlement were feeble and futile, and fighting continued until peace was made entirely on Boer lines. The Transvaal government was to have supreme power, and to be the final arbiter in case of future quarrels arising among the native chiefs. This agreement, arrived at without any reference to the British government, was a breach of the Pretoria convention, and led to an intimation on the part of Great Britain that she could not recognize the new republics. In South Africa, as well as in England, strong feeling was aroused by this act of aggression. Unless steps were taken at once, the whole of Bechuanaland might be permanently lost, while German territory on the west might readily be extended to join with that of the Boers. In the London convention of February 1884, conceded by Lord Derby in response to the overtures of Boer delegates, the Transvaal boundaries were again defined, part of eastern Bechuanaland being included in Boer territory. In spite of the convention the Boers remained in Stellaland and Goshen—which were west of the new Transvaal frontier, and in April 1884 the Rev. John Mackenzie, who had succeeded Livingstone, was sent to the country to arrange

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 Rh and how I shall ever get food for you I can't tell, for it's just as much as I can do to get food for myself."

"Oh yes! it's all the same to me how you get it, or whether you get it at all," she said; "only let me be with you, for if I stay here any longer, my father will be sure to take my life."

So she got leave to be with the beggar, as she called him, and they walked a long, long way, though she was but a poor hand at tramping. When she passed out of her father's land into another, she asked whose it was?

"Oh! this is Hacon Grizzlebeard's, if you must know," said he.

"Indeed!" said the Princess; "I might have married him if I chose, and then I should not have had to walk about like a beggar's wife."

So, whenever they came to grand castles, and woods, and parks, and she asked whose they were? the beggar's answer was still the same: "Oh! they are Hacon Grizzlebeard's." And the Princess was in a sad way that she had not chosen the man who had such broad lands. Last of all they came to a palace, where he said he was known, and where he thought he could get her work, so that they might have something to live on; so he built up a cabin by the wood-side for them to dwell in; and every day he went to the king's palace, as he said, to hew wood and draw water for the cook, and when he came back he brought a few scraps of meat; but they did not go very far.

One day, when he came home from the palace, he said—

"To-morrow I will stay at home and look after the baby, but you must get ready to go to the palace, do you


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 44 hear? for the Prince said you were to come and try your hand at "baking."

"I bake!" said the Princess; "I can't bake, for I never did such a thing in my life."

"Well, you must go," said Hacon, "since the Prince has said it. If you can't bake, you can learn; you have only got to look how the rest bake; and mind, when you leave, you must steal me some bread."

"I can't steal," said the Princess.

"You can learn that too," said Hacon; "you know we live on short commons. But take care that the Prince doesn't see you, for he has eyes at the back of his head."

So when she was well on her way, Hacon ran by a short cut and reached the palace long before her, and threw off his rags and beard, and put on his princely robes.

The Princess took her turn in the bakehouse, and did as Hacon bade her, for she stole bread till her pockets were crammed full. So when she was about to go home at even, the Prince said—

"We don't know much of this old wife of Hacon Grizzlebeard's; I think we'd best see if she has taken anything away with her."

So he thrust his hand into all her pockets, and felt her all over, and when he found the bread, he was in a great rage, and led them all a sad life. She began to weep and bewail, and said—

"The beggar made me do it, and I couldn't help it."

"Well," said the Prince at last, "it ought to have gone hard with you; but all the same, for the sake of the beggar you shall be forgiven this once."

When she was well on her way, he threw off his robes,


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 Rh put on his skin cloak, and his false beard, and reached the cabin before her. When she came home, he was busy nursing the baby.

"Well, you have made me do what it went against my heart to do. This is the first time I ever stole, and this shall be the last;" and with that she told him how it had gone with her, and what the Prince had said.

A few days after Hacon Grizzlebeard came home at even and said—

"To-morrow I must stay at home and mind the babe, for they are going to kill a pig at the palace, and you must help to make the sausages."

"I make sausages!" said the Princess; "I can't do any such thing. I have eaten sausages often enough; but as to making them, I never made one in my life."

Well, there was no help for it; the Prince had said it, and go she must. As for not knowing how, she was only to do what the others did, and at the same time Hacon bade her steal some sausages for him.

"Nay, but I can't steal them," she said; "you know how it went last time."

"Well, you can learn to steal; who knows but you may have better luck next time?" said Hacon Grizzlebeard.

When she was well on her way, Hacon ran by a short cut, reached the palace long before her, threw off his skin cloak and false beard, and stood in the kitchen with his royal robes before she came in. So the Princess stood by when the pig was killed, and made sausages with the rest, and did as Hacon bade her, and stuffed her pockets full of sausages. But when she was about to go home at even, the Prince said—


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 LI ST or '.w PUBLIC ACTS AND RESOLUTIONS OF CONGRESS CONTAINED IN THIS VOLUME. LAws OF THE SE VENTIETH C ONGRESS OF THE UNITE D STATES. STATUTE 1-1927-1928. Page. Medal of honor, Charles A. Lindbergh. An Act Authorizing the President of the United States to present in the name of Congress a medal of honor to Colonel Charles A. Lind- bergh. December 14,1927 1 Congressional employees, December, 1927, salaries. Joint Reso lutio n Au thori zing the pay- ment of salaries of the officers and employees of Congress for December, 1927, on the 20th day of that month. December 19,1927 1 Smithsonian Institution, Charles Evans Hughes, Regent. Joint Resolu tion P rovidin g for t he filling of a vacancy in the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution of the class other than Members of Congress. December 21, 1927 1 Smithsonian Institution, John Campbell Merriam, Regent. Joint Resolution Providing for the filling of a vacancy in the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution of the class other than Members of Congress. D ecem ber 21, 19 27 2 Appropriations, First Deficiency Act, 1928. An Act Making appropriations to supply de- ficiencies in certain appropriations for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1928, and prior fiscal years, to provide supplemental appropriations for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1928, and for other purpos es. Dece mber 22, 19 27 2 United S tates courts, indictmen ts. An Act Amending section 1044 of the Revised Statutes of the United States as amended by the Act approved November 17, 1921 (chapter 124, Forty-second Statutes at Large, page 220). December 27, 1927 	51 Court of Claims, commissioners. Joint Resolution To continue commissioners in the Court of Claims. January 11,1928 51 Bridge, Columbia River. An Act To extend the times for commencing and completing the construction of a bridge across the Columbia River near Kettle Falls, Washington. January 12,1928 51 Public buildings, sites for executive departments, etc ., D. C. An Act Authorizing the Secretary of the Treasury to acquire certain lands within the District of Columbia to be used as sites for public buildings. January 13, 1928 51 Iowa southern district, additional judge. An Act To authorize the President of the United States to appoint an additional judge of the District Court of the United States for - the Southern District of the State of Iowa. January 19, 1928 	 52 Floods of 1927, rehabilitating farmlands. An Act For the purpos e of r ehabili tating farmla nds in the flood areas. January 26, 1928 53 Right of way, Alderson, W. Va. An Act To authorize the town of Alderson, West Virginia, to maintain a public highway upon the premises occupied by the Federal Industrial Institution for Women at Alderson, West Virginia. January 30, 1928 	53 Bridge, Tennessee River. An Act To extend the times for commencing and completing the construction of a bridge across the Tennessee River on the Linden-Lexington Road, in Perry and Decatur Counties, Tennessee. January 30, 1928 	 53 Writs of e rror. An Act In reference to writs of error. January 31, 1928 	54 National parks, etc., actions for personal injuries or deaths in. An Act Concerning actions on acc ount o f death or per sonal injury within places under the exc lusive jurisd iction of the United States. February 1, 1928 54 Bridge, Missouri River. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the city of Saint Joseph in the State of Missouri, or its assigns, to construct a bridge and approaches thereto across the Missouri River between the States of Missouri and Kansas. February 3, 1928	54 Bridge, Hillsborough Bay. An Act To legalize a bridge across Hillsborough Bay at Twenty- second Street, Tampa, Florida. February 3, 1928 55 Bridge, Red River. An Act To extend the time for the construction of a bridge across Red River at Fulton, Arkansas. February 3,1928 55 V

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 Vi LIST OF PUBLIC ACTS AND RESOLUTIONS. Page . Bridge, Rio Gr ande. An Act To extend the times for commencing and completing the con- struction of a bridge across the Rio Grande, at or near the point where South Santa Fe Street in the city of El Paso crosses the Rio Grande, in the country of El Paso, State of Texas. Febr uary 3,192 8 55 Bridge, Red River. An Act Gr anting the consent of Congress to the Louisiana Highwa y Commission to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Red River at or near Coushatta, Louisiana. February 3,1928 56 Bieber Building, Washington, D. C. An Act To authorize the Secretary of Agriculture to pay for the us e and occupancy by t he Department of Agr iculture of the Bieb er Building 1358 B Street southwest, Washington, District of Columbia, and for other purposes. Februar y 4, 1928 56 National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, Paul E. Divine, Manager. Joint Resolution For the appointment of Paul E. Divine, of Tennessee, as member of the Board of Manager s of the National Ho me for Disabled Volu nteer Soldiers. February 4, 1928_ 56 South Carolina Agricultural station. Joint Resolution For the amendment of the Act of March 3, 1927, by authorizing an annual appropriation to carry out the cooperative experiments contemplated by the Act. Febru ary 4 ,1928 56 Bridge, Ouachita River. An Act To extend the times for commencing and completing the construction of a bridge across the Ouachita River at or near Monroe, Louisiana. February 6,1928 57 Bridge, Black River. An Act To extend the times for commencing and completing the con- struction of a bridge across the Black River at or near Jonesville, Louisiana. Febru- ary 6,1 928 57 Bridge, Bayou Bartholomew. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the police jury of Morehouse Parish, Louisiana, or the State Highway Commission of Louisiana, to construct, mai ntain, and operate a bridge across the B ayou Bartholomew at or near Point Pleasant, Louisiana. February 6,1928 57 New Mexico, amendment to its constitution. Joint Reso lution Giving and gra nting consent to an amendment to the constitution of the State of New Mexico, providing a method for executing leases and other contracts for the development and production of an y and all minera ls on lands granted or confirmed to said State by the Act of Congress approved June 20, 1910, and to the enactment of such laws and regulations as may be necessary to carry said amendment into effect if it is adopted. Febru ary 6,1928	58 Arkansas western judicial district. An Act To amend section 71 of the Judicial Code, as amended, by changing time of holding court at El Dorado and Harrison, Arkansas. February 7,1928 58 Contagious livestock diseases, poultry included. Joint Res olution To amend the Act of May 29, 1884, as amended, the Act of February 2, 1903, and the Act of March 3, 1905, as amended, to include poultry within their provisions. February 7, 1928	59 Bridge, Tombigbee River. An Act Granting t he consent of Congre ss to the board of s uper- visors of Monroe County, Mississippi, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across Tombigbee River, at or near Aberdeen, Monroe County, Mississippi. Feb- ruary 8,1928 59 Appropriation, Mexican water boundary. An Act To make an additional appropriation for the water boundary, United States and Mexico. February 10, 1928 60 Phoenix, Arix ., public building site. An Act Granting a part of the Federal building site at Phoenix, Arizona, to the city of Phoenix for street purposes. February 11, 1928--- 60 Vancouver, Wash ., easement. An Act To authorize the Secretary of War to grant and convey to the city of Vancouver a perpetual easement for public highway purposes over and upon a portion of the Vancouver Barracks Military Reservation in the State of Washington. February 13,1928 60 Santa Monica, Calif ., Soldiers' Home, buildings. An Act To authorize appropriations for construction at the Pacific Branch, Soldiers' Home, Los Angeles County, California, and for other purposes. Febru ary 13, 1928 61 United Confederate Veterans, Little Rock, Ark ., loan of army cots etc. An Act Authorizing and directing the Secretary of War to lend to the Governor of Arkansas five thousand canvas cots, ten thousand blankets, ten thousand bed sheets, five thousand pillows, five thousand pillo w-cases, and five th ousand mattresses or bed sacks to be used at the encampment of the United Confederate Veterans to be held at Little Rock, Arkansas, in May, 1928. February 14, 1928 	61 Bridge, Mahoning River. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the commissioners of Mahoning County, Ohio, to reconstruct, maintain, and operate the existing bridge across the Mahoning River at South Avenue, Yo ungstown, Mahoning County, Ohio. February 15, 1928 Bridge, Lake Champlain. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the States of New York and Vermont to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across Lake Champlain between Crown Point, New York, and Chimney Point, Vermont. February 15, 1928- 62 Bridge, Rock River. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the State of Illinois, the county of Lee, and the city of Dixon, or to any or either of them, jointly or severally, to construc t, maintain, and operate a bridge acr oss the Rock River at Di xon, Illinois. February 15,1928 63 Bridge, Mahoning River. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the city of Youngs - town to c onstr uct a bri dge a cross the Maho ning Rive r at Young stown, Ma honin g County, Ohio. February 15,1928 63

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 LIST OF PUBLIC ACTS AND RESOLUTIONS. Vii Page. Appropr iations, Depa rtments of Sta te, Ju stice, Commerc e, and Labor. An Act Making appro- priat ions fo r the Departm ents of State and Ju stice a nd for the Ju diciary, and for the Departments of Commerce and Labor, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1929, and for other purposes. February 15,1928 64 Shenandoah National Park, Va. An Act To establish a minimum area for a Shenandoah National Park, for administration, protection, and general development by the National Park Service, and for other purposes. February 16, 1928 	109 Bridge, Elk Ri ver. A n Act Granting the consent of Congress to the highway department of the State of Alabama to construct a bridge across Elk River on the Athens-Florence road between Lauderdale and Limestone Counties, Alabama. February 16, 1928--- 109 Bridge, Coosa River. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the State highway depart- ment of the State of Alabama to construct, maintain, and operate a free highway bridge across the Coosa River at or near Wetumpka, Elmore County, Alabama. February 16,1928 110 Bridge, Rock River. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the Chicago and North Western Railway Company, a corporation, its successors and assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate a railroad bridge across the Rock River. February 16, 1928__ 110 Bridge, Misso uri Ri ver. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the State of Montana, Val ley Cou nty, Montana, and McCone County, Montana, or to any or either of them, jointly or severally, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Missouri River at or near Glasgow, Montana. February 16, 1928 	111 Bridge, Snake River. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the State of Idaho to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Snake River near Swan Valley, Idaho. February 16,1928 111 Bridge, Snake River. An Act Granting the consent of Con ress to the State of Idaho to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Snake River near Indian Cove, Idaho. February 16,1928 111 Bridge, Ohio River. An Act To extend the times for commencing and completing the con- struction of a bridge across the Ohio River between the municipalities of Rochester and Monaca, Beaver County, Pennsylvania. February 16,1928	112 Brid ge, C aney Fork Rive r. An Act To legalize a bridge across the Caney Fork River in De Kalb County, Tennessee. February 16, 1928 112 Bridge, Littl e Calu met Riv er. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the county of Cook, State of Illinois, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Little Calumet River at or near Indiana Avenue, in Cook County, State of Illinois. F eb- ruary 16 ,1928 112 Bridge, Littl e Calu met Riv er. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the county of Cook, State of Illinois, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Little Calumet River at or near Ashland Avenue, in Cook County, State of Illinois. Feb- ruary 16 ,1928 113 Bridge, Little Calumet River. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the county of Cook, State of Illinois, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Little Calumet River at or near Wentworth Avenue, in Cook County, State of Illinois. February 16,1928 113 Bridge, Susquehanna River. An Act t o extend the time s for commencing and completing the construction of a bridge across the Susquehanna River between the borough of Wrightsville, in York County, Pennsylvania, and the borough of Columbia, in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. February 16,1928 113 Bridge, Red River of the North. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the States of North Dakota and Minnesota to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Red River of the North. February 16,1928 113 Brid ge, Mahon ing R iver. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the city of Youngs- town, Ohio, to construct a bridge across the Mahoning River at or near West Avenue, Youngstown, Mahoning County, Ohio. February 16, 1928 114 Bridge, Allegheny River. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to The Pennsylvania Railroad Company to construct, maintain, and operate a railroad bridge across the Allegheny River. February 16,1928 114 Bridge, Grand Calumet River. An Act Granting the consent of Congress for the reconstruc- tion of a bridge across the Grand Calumet River at East Chicago, Indiana. February 16,1928	114 Bridge, Tombigbee River. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to rebuild and recon- struct and to maintain and operate the existing railroad bridge across the Tombigbee River, at Epes, in the State of Alabama. February 16, 1928 115 Bridge, Potomac River. An Act To extend the time for commencing and the time for com- pleting the construction of a bridge across the Potomac River. February 16, 1928__ 115 Bridge, Rio Grande. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the Kansas City, Mexico and Orient Railway Company of Texas and the Kansas City, Mexico and Orient R ailwa y Com pany to c onstr uct, main tain, and oper ate a rail road brid ge ac ross the Rio Grande River, at or near Presidio, Texas. February 16, 1928 	116 Bridge, Duluth Ship Canal. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the city of Duluth, Minnesota, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Duluth Ship Canal. February 16,1928 116

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 V111 LIST OF PUBLIC ACTS AND RESOLUTIONS. Bridge, Allegheny River. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the county of Arm- strong, a county of the State of Pennsylvania, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Allegheny River, at Kittanning, in the county of Armstrong, in the State of Pennsylvania. February 16, 1928 Page. 117 Bri dge, Miss ouri River. An Act To extend the times for commencing and completing th e cons tructio n of a bridge across the Mi ssouri River at or n ear Wo lf Poin t, Mont ana . February 16,1928 117 Bridge, ,Snake River. An Act To legalize a bridge across the Snake River at Idaho Falls, Idaho. February 16,1928 117 Bridg e, Miss issipp i River. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the State of Minne- sota to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Mississippi River at or near Monticello, Wright County, Minnesota. February 16, 1928 118 Bridge, Mississippi River. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the county of Morri- s on, S tate of M innes ota, to co nstr uct, maint ain, and opera te a brid ge ac ross the Mississippi River at or near Little Falls, Minnesota. February 16, 1928 118 Bridge, Mississippi River. An Act To extend the times for commencing and completing the construction of a bridge across the Mississippi River at or near the village of Clearwater, Minnesota. February 16, 1928 118 B-idge, Ohio River. An Act Authorizing the Ashland Bridge Company, its successors and assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Ohio River at or near Ashland, Kentucky. February 16,1928 119 Bridge compact, Lake Champlain. Joint Resolution Granting consent of Congress to an agreement or compact entered into between the State of New York and the State of Vermont for the creation of the Lake Champlain Bridge Commission and to construct, maintain, and operate a highway bridge across Lake Champlain . February 16, 1928_ 120 Army, military posts buildings, etc. An Act To authorize appropriations for construction at military posts, and for other purposes. February 18, 1928 129 Bridge, Missi ssippi River. An Act Authorizing the Baton Rouge-Mississippi River Bridge Company, its successors and assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Mississippi River at or near Baton Rouge, Louisiana. February 20, 1928 130 Bridge, Ohio River. An Act Authorizing the Madison Bridge Company, its successors and assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Ohio River at or near Madison, Jefferson County, Indiana. F eb ru a ry 20, 1 9 28 133 Bridge, Ohio River. An Act Authorizing the Sistersville Ohio River Bridge Company, a cor- poration, its successors and assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Ohio River at or near Sistersville, Tyler County, West Virginia. February 20,1928	135 Bridge, Tug Fork of Big Sandy River. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the Nor- folk and Western Railway Company and Knox Creek Railway Company to construct, maintain, and operate two bridges across the Tug Fork of Big Sandy River near Devon, Mingo County, West Virginia. February 20, 1928 137 Public Buildings Act, 1926, increased allotment. An Act To amend section 5 of the Act entit led "An Act t o provi de for the co nstruct ion of certai n publi c build ings, and for other purposes," approved May 25, 1926. February 24, 1928 137 Bridge, Cumberland River. An Act Authorizing the Valley Bridge Company, Incorporated, of Pa ducah, Kentuc ky, its succes sors a nd assi gns, to const ruct, m aintain, and operate a bridge across the Cumberland River at or near Canton, Kentucky. February 25, 1928	138 Bridge, Cumberlan d River. An Act Authorizing the Valley Bridge Company, Incorporated, of Pa ducah, Kentuc ky, its succes sors a nd assi gns, to const ruct, m aintain, and operate a bridge ac ross the Cumberl and River at or near Iuka, Kentu cky. F ebru ary 25, 1928	. 140 Bridge, Cumberland River. An Act Authorizing the Midland Bridge Company, Incorpo- rated, of Paducah, Kentucky, its successors and assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Cumberland River at or near Smithland, Kentucky. February 25,1928 141 Br idge, Tenness ee Rive r. An Act Authorizing the Midland Bridge Company, Incorporated, of Pa ducah, Kentuc ky, its succes sors a nd assi gns, to const ruct, m aintain, and operate a bridge across the Tennessee River at or near the mouth of Clarks River. February 25,1928	143 Bridge, Tennessee River. An Act Authorizing the Valley Bridge Company, Incorporated, of Pad ucah, K entuck y, its success ors an d assig ns, to constr uct, ma intain, and o perate a bridge across the Tennessee River at or near Eggners Ferry, Kentucky. February 25,1928	144 Bridge, Ohio River. An Act To extend the times for commencing and completing the con- struction of a bridge across the Ohio River approximately midway between the city of Owensboro, Kentucky, and Rockport, Indiana, February 25, 1928 146 Bridge, Ohio River. An Act Authorizing the city of Louisville, Kentucky, to construct, maintain, and operate atoll bridge across the Ohio River at or near said city. Febru- ary 25,1928 146 Bryce Canyon National Park, Utah. An Act To change the name of the Utah National Park, the establishment of which is provided for by the Act of Congress approved June 7, 1924 (Forty-third Statutes, page 593), to the "Bryce Canyon National Park," and for other purposes. February 25, 1928 147

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 LI ST OF PUBLIC AC TS AND RESOLUTIONS. ix Page. Oregon, Pacific Ocean rocks. An Act Granting cer tain rocks o r islands to the State of Oregon for park purposes. Febr uary 25,19 28 148 Naval petroleum reserves. An Act To transfer to the Secretary of the Navy jurisdiction over oil and gas leases issued by the Secretary of the Interior on lands in naval petroleum reserves. Febru ary 2 5,192 8 148 International Dairy Congress. Joi nt R esol ution Aut hori zing the Pre side nt t o ac cept the invitation of the British Government to appoint de legates to t he Eighth In ternational Dairy Congress, to b e held in Great Brit ain during June-July, 1928, and providing for an appropriation of $10,000 for the payment of the expen ses of the delegates. February 25,1928 148 Public lands, Yuma, Ariz ., aviation field. An Act To authorize the use by the county of Yuma, Arizona, of certain public lands for a municipal aviation field, and for other purposes. Februar y 27, 1928 149 Bridge, Missouri River. An Act Authorizing the Hermann Bridge Company, its successors and assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Missouri River at or near erma nn, Gasco nade Coun ty, M issou ri. F ebru ary 28, 1928 	 149 Bridge, Missouri River. An Act Authorizing the Washington Missouri River Bridge Com- pany, its successors and assigns, to construct maintain ,~ and operate a bridge across the Missouri River at or near Washington, Franklin l ounty, Missouri. Feb ruary 28,1928	151 Bridge, Ohio River. An Act Auth oriz ing the Roge rs B roth ers Compa ny, its succ esso rs a nd assigns, to construct, maintain, an d operate a b ridge across the Ohio Ri ver at or nea r Ashl and, Kentu cky. F ebrua ry 28 ,192 8 152 Bridge, Missouri River. An Act Authorizing the Centennial Bridge Company of Inde- pendence, M issouri, Inc orporated, i ts successors and assigns, to constru ct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Missouri River at or near Liberty Landing, Clay County, Missouri. February 28,1928 154 Army, chapel at the medical center, D. C. An Act Authorizing the erection of a nonsectarian chapel at the Army medical center in the District of Columbia, and for other pur- poses, February 28,1928 156 Bridge, Missouri River. An Act Authorizing F. C. Barnhill, his heirs, legal representatives, and assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Missouri River at or near Arrow Rock, Saline County, Missouri. February 28, 1928 	156 Bridge, Missouri River. An Act Authorizing Frank M. Burruss, his heirs, legal representa- tives, and assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Missouri River at or near Miami, Saline County, Missouri. February 28, 1928 	157 Wisco nsin P ottaw atomi e Ind ians. An Act To authorize appropriation of treaty funds due the Wisconsin Pottawatomie Indians. Februar y 29, 1928 159 Hawaii, ele ctric fran chise. An Act To approve Act Numbered 24 of the Session Laws of 1927 of the Territory of Hawaii, entitled "An Act to authorize and provide for the manufacture, m aintenance, distribu tion, and supply of electric current for light and power within Hanapepe, in the district of Waimea, island and county of Kauai ." March 2, 1928 159 Perryville Battle Field, Ky. An Act To erect a tablet or marker to the memory of the Federal soldiers who were killed at the Battle of Perryville, and for other purposes. March 3, 1928	160 Public lands, Walker River Indians. An Act To provide for the w ithdrawal of certain de- scribed lands in the State of Nevada for the use and benefit of the Indians of the Walker River Reservation. March 3, 1928 160 Summit Lake, Nev ., Paiute, etc., Indians. An Act T o pr ovide for the perma nent with- drawal of certain lands bordering on and adjacent to Summit Lake, Nevada, for the Paiute, Shoshone, and other Indians. March 3, 1928 160 Indian trust allotments. An Act To amend section 1 of the Act of June 25, 1910 (Thirty- sixth Stat utes at Large, page 855), "An Act to pro vide for determining the heirs of deceased Indians, for the disposition and sale of allotments of deceased Indians, for the leasing of allotments, and for other purposes ." March 3, 1928 	161 Public lands, Koosharem Indians. An Act To reserve one hundred and twe nty acres on the public domain for the use and benefit of the Koosharem Band of Indians residing in the vicinity of Koosharem, Utah. March 3, 1928 162 d Public lands, Indians, Inyo County, Calif. An Act To provide for the permanent with- rawal of certain lands in Inyo County, California, for Indian use. M arch 3, 1928__ 162 Appropriations, Treasury and Post Office Departments. An Act Making appropriations for the Treasury and Post Office Departments for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1929, and for oth er purposes. March 5, 1928 162 District of Columbia, Samuel Gompers monument. Joint Resolution Authorizing the erection on public grounds in the District of Columbia of a stone monument as a memorial to Samue l Go mpers. March 5, 1928 193 Bridg e, Mi ssiss ippi River. An Act T o ex tend the t imes for comme ncing and comp letin g the construction of a bridge across the Mississippi River at or near New Orleans, Louisia na. March 6,1928 193 Bridge, Missouri River. An Ac t Aut horiz ing the N ebras ka-I owa B ridge Corp orat ion, a Delaw are corporat ion, its suc cessors and a ssigns, to c onstruct, ma intain, and operate a bridge across the Missouri River between Washington County, Nebraska, and Harrison County, Iowa, March 6, 1928 194

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 x LIST OF PUBLIC ACTS AND RESOLUTIONS. Br idge, Ohio Ri ver. An Act Authorizing the Cairo Association of Commerce, its successors and as signs, to con struct, mainta in, an d opera te a br idge a cross t he Ohio River at or near Cairo, Illinois. March 6,1928 Librarian of Congress. An Act To increase the salary of the Librarian of Congress. M arch 6, 1928	Page. 196 197 Hawaiian Islands Sesquicentennial. An Act To authorize the coinage of silver 50-cent pieces in commemoration of the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the discovery of the Hawaiian Islands by Captain James Cook, and for the purpose of aiding in establishing a Captain James Cook memorial collection in the archives of the Terri- tory of Hawaii. March 7, 1928 198 Bridge, Mississippi River. An Act Authorizing J. H. Peacock, F. G. Bell, S. V. Taylor, E. C. Amann, and C. E. Ferris, their heirs, legal representatives, and assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Mississippi River at or near the city of Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin. March 7, 1928 198 Ap propri ations, Interi or Dep artment. An Act Making appropriations for the Department of the Interior for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1929, and for other purposes. Marc h 7, 1928 200 Hawaii, electric franchise. An Act To approve Act 25 of the Session Laws of 1927 of the Territory of H awaii, entitled "An Act to autho rize and provide for the manu- facture, maintenance, distribution, and supply of electric current for light and power within Waimea and Kekaha, in the District of Waimea, on the island and in the county of Kauai, Territory of Hawaii ." March 7, 1928 243 Bridge, Delaware River. An Act to extend the times for commencing and completing the constr uction of a b ridge a cross t he Del aware R iver at or ne ar Burl ington, New J ersey. March 7, 1928 243 B ridge, Sus queh anna River. An Act Authorizing the Sunbury Bridge Company, its succes- sors a nd assi gns, t o const ruct, m aintai n, and operate a bri dge acr oss the Susqu ehanna River at or near Bainbridge Street, in the city of Sunbury, Pennsylvania. March 7, 1928	244 Army, horses, etc. An Act to provide for the purchase of horses and mules for the Military Establishment. March 7, 1928 245 Ha waiian H omes Com mission. An Act T o amend the Hawai ian Home s Commis sion Act , 1920, approved July 9, 1921, as amended by Act of February 3, 1923. March 7, 1928_ 246 App ropria tion, p ink bol lworm of cott on. Joint Resolution Making an additional appropria- tion for the eradication or control of the pink bollworm of cotton. March 7, 1928--_- 247 Hawaiian Islands Sesquicentennial. Joint Resolution To authorize the President to invite the Government of Great Britain to participate in the celebration of the Sesquicenten- nial of the Discovery of the Hawaiian Islands, and to provide for the participation of the Government of the United States therein. March 7, 1928	247 Postal Service bonds. An Act To amend section 5 of the Act of March 2,1895. March 8, 1928	247 Foreign mail air contracts. An Ac t To grant aut horit y to the Postm aster Gene ral to en ter into contracts for the transportation of mails by air to foreign countries and insular possessions of the United States for periods of not more than ten years, and to ay for such service at fixed rates per pound or per mile, and for other purposes. March 8, 1928	248 Fo rt McH enry Park, Md. An Act To authorize an additional appr opriation for Fo rt McHenry, Maryland. March 8,1928 248 Army, recovery of bo dies of officers, etc. An Act T o autho rize an appro priatio n for t he rec overy of bodies of officers, soldiers, and civilian employees. March 8, 1928 	248 Army, travel expenses. An Act To authorize the payment of travel expenses from appropria- tions for investigations and surveys of battle fields. March 8, 1928 	249 Army, six months' gratuity to include nu rses. An Act To amend an Act entitled "An Act to pro- vide for the payment of six months' pay to the widow, children, or other designated dependent relative of any office ror enlisted man of the Regular Army whose death results from wounds or disease not the result of his own misconduct," approved December 17, 1919, so as to include nurses of the Regular Army. March 8, 1928-_ 249 Publ ic lan ds, rig ht of w ay, Im perial County, Calif. An Act Granting a right of way to the county of Imperial, State of California, over certain public lands for highway purposes. March 8,1928 249 Memorial to Women of World War, D. C. Joint Resolution Authorizing an additional appro- priation to be used for the memorial building provided for by a joint resolution entitled `Joint resolution in relation to a monument to commemorate the services and sacri- fices of the women of the United States of America, its insular possessions, and the District of Columbia in the World War," approved June 7, 1924 . March 8, 1928__ 250 Army Carlisle Barracks, Pa . An Act To amend the Act approved June 7, 1924, authorizing the Sec retary of War to sel l a por tion o f the C arlisle Barrac ks Res ervatio n . March 9,1928 250 - - --- - Coal mining permits . An Act To grant extensions of time under coal permits . March 9 ,1928	251 Army, Fort Mon mouth, N . J . An Act To provide for the purchase of land in connection with the Fort Monmouth Military Reservation, New Jersey . March 9, 1928	251 Xt

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 LI ST OF PUBLIC AC TS AND RESOLUTIONS. xi Page. Military training camps travel. An Act To amend section 47d of the National Defense Act, as amended, so as to authorize an allowance of 1 cent a mile for subsistence of can- didates in going to and returning from camp. March 9, 1928 251 Army, disposition of remains of personnel. An Act To authorize appropriations to be made for the disposition of remains of military personnel and civilian employees of the Army. March 9,1928 251 Oil and gas permits, public lands. An Act To grant extensions of time of o il and gas pe rmits. March 9,1928 252 Public lands, isolated tracts. An Act To amend section 245 5 of the Revised Sta tutes of the United States, as amended, relating to isolated tracts of public land. March 9, 1928_ 253 Interlocking directorates. An Act To amend section 8 of the Act entitled "An Act to supple- ment existing laws against unlawful restraints and monopolies, and for other pur- poses," approved Oct ober 15, 1914, as an fended. March 9, 1928 	253 Public lands, Saint Marks, Fla. An Act To provi de for the s urvey apprai sal, and sale of the undisposed lots in the town site of Saint Marks, Florida. March 9, 1928	254 Settlement of War Claims Act, 1928. An Act To provide for the settlement of certain claims of American nationals against Germany, Austria, and Hungary, and of nationals of Germany, Austria, and Hungary, against the United States, and for the ultimate return of all property held by the Alien Property Custodian. March 10, 1928____ 254 Bridge, Atchafalaya River. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the Louisiana Highway Commission to construct, maintain, and operate a toll bridge across the Atchafalaya River at or near Morgan City, Louisiana. March 10, 1928 	 27 9 Br idge, Ouac hita River. An Act To extend the times for commencing and completing the construction of a bridge across the Ouachita River at or near Harrisonburg, Louisiana . March 10,1928 279 Bridge, Mississippi River. An Act Authorizing the Interstate Bridge Company, of Lansing, Iowa, its suc cessors and assigns, to construct, ma intain, and operate a br idge across the Mississippi River at or near Lansing, Iowa. March 10, 1928	280 Bridge, Mississippi River. An Act Authorizing the Wabasha Bridge Committee, Wabasha, Minnesota, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Mississippi River at or near Wabasha, Minnesota. March 10, 1928 282 Bridge, Mississippi River. An Act Authorizing E. H. Wegener, his heirs, legal representa- tives, and assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Missis- sippi River at or near Chester, Illinois. March 10, 1928 283 Bridge, Columbia River. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the Oregon-Washing- ton B ridge Comp any to ma intai n a bridg e alr eady cons truct ed ac ross Colu mbia River near the city of Hood River, Oregon. March 10, 1928 285 Bridge, Snake River. An Act To legalize a bridge across the Snake River near Heyburn, Idaho. March 10,1928 286 Bridge, Tennessee River. An Act Gra nting the consent of Congress to the highway d ep a rt - ment of the State of Alabama to construct, maintain, and operate a free highway bridge across the Tennessee River at or near Guntersville on the Guntersville-Hunts- ville Road in Marshall County, Alabama. March 10, 1928 286 Bridge, Saint Louis River. An Act To authorize the maintenance and renewal of a timber frame trestle in place of a fixed span at the Wisconsin end of the steel bridge of the Duluth and Superior Bridge Company over the Saint Louis River between the States of Wisconsin and Minnesota. March 40, 1928 286 Bridge, Tennessee River. An Act Gra nting the consent of Congress to the high way depart- ment of the State of Alabama to construct, maintain, and operate a free highway bridge across the Tennessee River at or near Whitesburg Ferry, on the Huntsville- Laceys Spring Road between Madison and Morgan Counties, Alabama. March 10, 1928	287 Br idge, Tenn essee Rive r. An Act Gra nting the consent of Congress to the high way depart- ment of the State of Alabama to construct, maintain, and operate a free highway bridge across the Tennessee River at or near Scottsboro, on the Scottsboro-Fort Payne Road in J acks on Co unty, Ala bama. March 10, 1928 287 Bridge, Monongahela River. An Act Granting the consent of Congress for the maintenance and operation of a bridge across the Monongahela River between the borough of Glassport and the city of Clairton, i n the Commonwealth o f Pennsylvania. March 10,1928	288 Bridge, Coosa River. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the highway department of the State of Alabama to construct, maintain, and operate a free highway bridge across the Coosa River near Cedar Bluff in Cherokee County, Alabama. March 10, 1928	288 Bridge, Coosa River. An Act Granting the consent of Congress to the highway department of the State of Alabama to construct, maintain, and operate a free highway bridge across the Coosa River on the Columbiana-Talladega Road between Talladega and Shelby Counties, Alabama. March 10, 1928 288 Bri dge, Missi ssipp i Riv er. An Act Authorizing Oscar Baertch, Christ Buhmann, and Fred Reiter, their heirs, legal representatives, and assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Mississippi River at or near Alma, Wisconsin. March 10,1928	289

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