text:
A Standard History of Kansas and Kansans/Biography/John H Tole

While it is certainly true that a live and growing community such as Liberty offers many and widely diversified opportunities for advancement along every line of personal endeavor, yet it is just as true that only a certain percentage achieve distinction, and a large number fail of even attaining a competency. It takes something more than mere opportunity to elevate a man from the common level of every-day accomplishments. Unless he has within him that divine spark of genius for his life work, he will continue to belong to the great majority of mediocre humanity, instead of climbing up the ladder of endeavor until he is able to command a view of affairs that will give him that grasp on the rounds of events that nothing can loosen. In reviewing the career and achievements of John H. Tole, of the Liberty Lumber Company and vice president and director of the Liberty State Bank, the above facts are given prominence for he has proven their truth.

Mr. Tole was born at Pleasant Hill, Pike County, Illinois, April 29, 1858, and is a son of James H. and Harriet (Richards) Tole. The family was of Scotch-Irish origin and at an early day in the pioneer history of Kentucky located in the Blue Grass State. There, in 1810, was born Winslow Parker Tole, the grandfather of John H. Tole. He was reared in Kentucky, and there educated, but as a young man moved to Missouri, where he became a pioneer farmer and a buyer and seller of livestock, occupations in which he continued to be engaged throughout the remainder of his life, his death occurring in Pike County on his farm in 1880. The grandfather was a man of substance, who occupied a prominent place in his community and had the respect of his community as a citizen and a man. He was a devout member of the Christian Church. Mr. Tole was married first to Miss Bradley, and they became the parents of the following children: Jonathan, who went to California in 1860 and who probably spent the rest of his life there, as nothing more was heard from him; James H., the father of John H.; John, twin of James H., who also went to California in 1860 and of whom all track was lost; Milton, who died as a young man; and Elizabeth, of whom trace has been lost by the family. Grandfather Tole was married second to Miss Hughes, and they had four children: William, postmaster at Arrol, Missouri, who enlisted in a Missouri regiment during the Civil war because the Illinois quota was filled, and fought throughout the four years of that struggle, being twice wounded in the right arm; and Luke, Olive and another daughter, of whom all trace has been lost. The grandfather was marred a third time to Miss Hall, and they had two children: Parker, who resides near Mexico, Missouri, on a farm; and a daughter Lydea of whom nothing is known.

James H. Tole, father of John H. Tole, was born in 1835, in Pike County, Missouri, and was there reared to manhood on his father's farm. As a young man he went to Pike County, Illinois, where he was married and made his home in the vicinity of Peasant Hill until 1873, in which year he came to Montgomery County, Kansas, and bought 160 acres of land in Liberty Township, one mile west of the Town of Liberty, from Harry Dodd, a property on which he resided until 1890. At that time, feeling that he had performed his share of duty, he turned the active work over to younger shoulders and retired to his home at Liberty, where he died in 1898. Mr. Tole was an industrious farmer, who used modern methods in his work and whose farm was one model in every respect. In business circles his word was as good as his bond and his citizenship was always of the highest order, although he never aspired to public office. Politically, he was a Douglas democrat, and his religious faith was that of the Christian Church. Mr. Tole married Miss Harriet Richards, who was born near Lafayette, Indiana, in 1836, of Scotch descent and a daughter of Grant Richards. Mr. Richards, who was a pioneer into Indiana and spent his life in farming, in later years went to Pleasant Hill, Illinois, where his death occurred in 1862. Mrs. Tole passed away on the Liberty Township farm in 1874, having been the mother of the following children: Josephine, who died at the age of three years; John Henry, of this review; W. W., who was engaged in farming near Liberty, died November 15, 1916; Lillie J., the wife of Allen Presler, an extensive traveler, who has visited Alaska as a surveyor and many other out-of-the-way places in the country and is now a resident of Reno, Nevada; Mary F., who died on a farm in Drum Creek Township, as the wife of Charles Swartz, a railroad engineer of Harrisonville, Texas; Minnie M., who is the wife of W. J. Reardon, living on the home farm one mile west of Liberty; and M. L. B., town marshal and a street commissioner of Eskridge, Kansas.

John Henry Tole attended the public schools of Pike County, Illinois, and Montgomery County, Kansas, and was reared on his father's farm, on which he resided until reaching the age of twenty-one years. For the two following school terms he taught in the country schools of Montgomery County, and then resumed farming as his regular vocation, being engaged therein until 1886. After serving in the capacity of township trustee of Liberty for one year, Mr. Tole entered the employ of S. A. Brown & Company in the grain and lumber business, thus securing his introduction to an industry which he was destined to make his life work. He remained in the employ of this firm at Liberty until 1891, when the business failed, and Mr. Tole turned his attention to wheat-buying, which he continued for two years, being identified with the George A. Adams Grain Company. In 1893 Mr. Tole founded the John H. Tole Lumber Company, a business which he conducted with a full measure of success until 1912, in which year he sold out to the W. D. Riley Lumber Company and turned his attention to his other business matters. In 1914, however, he again became the directing head of this industry when, with G. W. Ashley, he bought the yards, stock and equipment of this enterprise and changed the name to the Liberty Lumber Company, under which style it has since been conducted. While he still maintains his interests at Liberty, Mr. Tole is now a resident of Independence, whence he removed in 1913, and where his fine home is located at 210 North Eleventh Street. He also is the owner of eighty acres of good farming land, situated two miles northeast of Liberty, and owns property at Coffeyville, at 416 Elm Street. Mr. Tole has various other interests to claim his time and attention, being vice president and a director of the Liberty State Bank and a stockholder in the Cole-Trueman Ice and Cold Storage Company, as-well as the owner of the third interest of the building of the general store establishment of David Heckman, at Liberty. Politically he is an independent democrat, and his fraternal connections are with Liberty Lodge, No. 123, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons; Odd Fellows Lodge No. 105, Liberty; the A. H. T. A., and Liberty Chapter of the Order of the Eastern Star. In each of his numerous fields of endeavor, Mr. Tole has displayed the same straightforwardness, the same honorable dealing that have placed his name so high in the estimation of his associates in business circles.

On January 21, 1901, Mr. Tole was united in marriage at Liberty, Kansas, with Mrs. Carrie M. (Goble) Kelso, widow of the late Samuel Kelso, for some years a farmer of Montgomery County, and daughter of Thomas J. Goble, an agriculturist living retired at Shawnee, Oklahoma. To Mr. and Mrs. Tole there have been born two children: John Hollis, who has just completed his grammar school at Independence; and Eunice Eugenia, who is still attending the graded school.


text:
Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/43

39 that is said to prevail among thieves. You now understand that that is a very poor reliance. I trust you may become wise enough to never rely upon it again. If I have any duty in the matter, it is to give back the money to those from whom I took it; not to pay it over to such villains as you.

XIII.

On general principles of law and reason, the oaths which foreigners take, on coming here, and being "naturalized" (as it is called), are of no validity. They are necessarily given to nobody; because there is no open, authentic association, to which they can join themselves; or to whom, as individuals, they can pledge their faith. No such association, or organization, as "the people of the United States," having ever been formed by any open, written, authentic, or voluntary contract, there is, on general principles of law and reason, no such association, or organization, in existence. And all oaths that purport to be given to such an association are necessarily given only to the winds. They cannot be said to be given to any man, or body of men, as individuals, because no man, or body of men, can come forward with any proof that the oaths were given to them, as individuals, or to any association of which they are members. To say that there is a tacit understanding among a portion of the male adults of the country, that they will call themselves "the people of the United States," and that they will act in concert in subjecting the remainder of the people of the United States to their dominion; but that they will keep themselves personally concealed by doing all their acts secretly, is wholly insufficient, on general principles of law and reason, to prove the existence of any such association, or organization, as "the people of the United States;" or consequently to prove that the oaths of foreigners were given to any such association.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/43


text:
Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 56.djvu/418

 p. 177;, p. 221). On 31 Jan. 1464 he was appointed chancellor of Ireland. He was with the king in Yorkshire in the spring and summer, and as constable tried and condemned to death Sir Ralph Grey, and doubtless also the rest of the large number of the Lancastrian party executed at that time (, ii. 304). At the serjeants' feast in that year the earl was given precedence of the mayor of London, though the dinner was held within the city; the mayor in consequence left the hall with his officers, and an apology was made to him (, p. 222). On 12 Aug. he was appointed commissioner to treat with the Duke of Brittany (Fœdera, xi. 531). In 1467, during the lieutenancy of the Duke of Clarence, he was appointed deputy of Ireland in place of Thomas Fitzgerald, eighth earl of Desmond [q. v.] He held a parliament at Drogheda in which Desmond and Thomas Fitzgerald, seventh earl of Kildare [q. v.], were attainted. Desmond was executed, and Worcester is accused of having cruelly put to death two of his infant sons; though this has, with some reason, been doubted [see, eighth ], the truth of the charge seems established by the reference to it in the account of Worcester's death given by his contemporary, Vespasiano. In revenge for Desmond's death the Fitzgeralds of Munster ravaged Meath and Kildare. The Earl of Kildare was respited, and his pardon was ratified by Worcester's second parliament. In return Kildare joined Worcester and his countess in founding a chantry in the church of St. Secundinus at Dunslaughlin, Meath. Worcester received the island of Lambay by vote of the Irish parliament, to fortify it against Breton, French, and Spanish plunderers. He returned to England before the end of 1468.

The Lincolnshire rising of 1470 brought a fresh crop of executions. Worcester, who was with the king in his campaign, was again appointed constable on 14 March at Stamford (Fœdera, xi. 654), and at once resumed his old work of carrying out the royal vengeance. On the 23rd he received the lieutenancy of Ireland, of which Clarence was deprived. He marched south with the king, and twenty of the party of Clarence and the Earl of Warwick, who were then escaping to France, having been taken in a naval engagement at Southampton, Worcester, at the king's command, judged and condemned them, and after they were hanged, drawn, and quartered, caused their heads and bodies to be impaled, ‘for the whiche the peple of the londe were gretely displesyd, and evere afterwarde the Erle of Wurcestre was gretely behatede emonge the peple, for ther dysordinate deth that he used contrarye to the lawe of the lond’ (, p. 9). On 30 April he was appointed chamberlain of the exchequer. In October Edward fled from England, and Henry was restored. It is said that Worcester took refuge among some herdsmen in the forest of Weybridge, Huntingdonshire, and disguised himself as one of them; that he sent a countryman to buy him food with a larger piece of money than such a man would generally have, and that this led to the discovery of his hiding-place. The soldiers sent after him found him concealed in a high tree. He was lodged in the Tower, and taken thence to Westminster, where on the 15th he was tried in the constable's court, John de Vere, thirteenth earl of Oxford [q. v.], whose father and brother he had sentenced to death, being appointed constable specially for his trial. His execution was to take place on Monday the 17th, but as he was being led from Westminster to Tower Hill so great a crowd pressed round to see him that the sheriffs were forced to lodge him in the Fleet prison until the next day. Several ecclesiastics are said to have accompanied him to his death in the afternoon of the 18th, and among them an Italian friar, who reproached him for his cruelties, and specially for the deaths of two youths, evidently the young Fitzgeralds. He met his death with patience and dignity, and is said to have bidden the headsman strike him three blows in honour of the Trinity. He was buried in the Blackfriars church, and, according to Fabyan, in a chapel that he had himself built, though Leland, probably more correctly, says that the chapel was built by one of his sisters, between two columns on the south side. Hated for his cruelty, he was called ‘the butcher of England,’ and is described as ‘the fierce executioner and beheader of men.’ Though his master was primarily responsible for most of his cruelties, Worcester was evidently a willing instrument of Edward's bloodthirsty vengeance; it is said that the king disapproved of the execution of Desmond; the slaughter of Desmond's two sons, and the impalements, which specially shocked public sentiment, were probably his unprompted acts. Some part of the popular hatred of him may have arisen from an abhorrence of the abuses of the constable's court over which he presided; for he seems to have been regarded as the introducer of a foreign and tyrannical system contrary to the laws and liberties of the kingdom, which was bitterly


text:
Page:Popular tales from the Norse (1912).djvu/150

 cxliv o' the Moon," p. 22, is a Prince transformed by his stepmother, just as it is the stepmother who plays the same part in the romance of William and the Were-wolf. So the horse in "The Widow's Son," p. 311, is a Prince over whom a king has cast that shape. So also in "Lord Peter," p. 295, which is the full story of what we have only hitherto known in part as "Puss in Boots," the cat is a Princess bewitched by the Troll who had robbed her of her lands; so also in "The Seven Foals," p. 302, and "The Twelve Wild Ducks," p. 51, the Foals and the Ducks are Princes over whom that fate has come by the power of a witch or a Troll, to whom an unwary promise had been given. Thoroughly mythic is the trait in "The Twelve Wild Ducks," where the youngest brother reappears with a wild duck's wing instead of his left arm, because his sister had no time to finish that portion of the shirt, upon the completion of which his retransformation depended.

But we should ill understand the spirit of the Norsemen, if we supposed that these transformations into beasts were all that the national heart has to tell of beasts and their doings, or that, when they appear, they do so merely as men-beasts, without any power or virtue of their own. From the earliest times, side by side with those productions of the human mind which speak of the dealings of men with men, there has grown up a stock of traditions about animals and their relations with one another, which forms a true Beast Epic, and is full of the liveliest traits of nature.


text:
Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/44

40 XIV.

On general principles of law and reason, all the oaths which, since the war, have been given by Southern men, that they will obey the laws of Congress, support the Union, and the like, are of no validity. Such oaths are invalid, not only because they were extorted by military power, and threats of confiscation, and because they are in contravention of men's natural right to do as they please about supporting the government, but also because they were given to nobody. They were nominally given to "the United States." But being nominally given to "the United States," they were necessarily given to nobody, because, on general principles of law and reason, there were no "United States," to whom the oaths could be given. That is to say, there was no open, authentic, avowed, legitimate association, corporation, or body of men, known as "the United States," or as "the people of the United States," to whom the oaths could have been given. If anybody says there was such a corporation, let him state who were the individuals that composed it, and how and when they became a corporation. Were Mr. A, Mr. B, and Mr. C members of it? If so, where are their signatures? Where the evidence of their membership? Where the record? Where the open, authentic proof? There is none. Therefore, in law and reason, there was no such corporation.

On general principles of law and reason, every corporation, association, or organized body of men, having a legitimate corporate existence, and legitimate corporate rights, must consist of certain known individuals, who can prove, by legitimate and reasonable evidence, their membership. But nothing of this kind can be proved in regard to the corporation, or body of men, who call themselves "the United States." Not a man of them, in all the Northern States, can prove by any legitimate evidence, such as is required to prove membership in other legal corporations, that he himself, or any other man whom he can name, is

title: Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/44


text: Page:A book of the Cevennes (-1907-).djvu/192


text:
Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/45

41 a member of any corporation or association called "the United States," or "the people of the United States," or, consequently, that there is any such corporation. And since no such corporation can be proved to exist, it cannot of course be proved that the oaths of Southern men were given to any such corporation. The most that can be claimed is that the oaths were given to a secret band of robbers and murderers, who called themselves "the United States," and extorted those oaths. But that certainly is not enough to prove that the oaths are of any obligation.

XV.

On general principles of law and reason, the oaths of soldiers, that they will serve a given number of years, that they will obey the orders of their superior officers, that they will bear true allegiance to the government, and so forth, are of no obligation. Independently of the criminality of an oath, that, for a given number of years, he will kill all whom he may be commanded to kill, without exercising his own judgment or conscience as to the justice or necessity of such killing, there is this further reason why a soldier's oath is of no obligation, viz. that, like all the other oaths that have now been mentioned, it is given to nobody. There being, in no legitimate sense, any such corporation, or nation, as "the United States," nor, consequently, in any legitimate sense, any such government as "the government of the United States," a soldier's oath given to, or contract made with, such nation or government, is necessarily an oath given to, or a contract made with, nobody. Consequently such oath or contract can be of no obligation.

On general principles of law and reason, the treaties, so called, which purport to be entered into with other nations, by

title: Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/45


text:
Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 56.djvu/419

 called Paduan law. The remembrance of his cruelties long remained fresh in the minds of his fellow-countrymen (Mirror for Magistrates, ii. 199, ed. Haslewood).

Along with his cruelties, Worcester is famous for his scholarship and his interest in learning (on the combination of cruelty with culture among the Italians of the Renaissance see, Renaissance in Italy, i. 413–14; Worcester may perhaps be regarded as an early specimen of the Italianised Englishman who, according to a later proverb, was un diavolo incarnato). He was an accomplished latinist, an eager student, a friend and patron of learned men, and a traveller of cultivated taste. He sailed to Italy probably about 1457 or 1458 with a large company of attendants, landed at Venice, and apparently at once took ship again for Palestine, where he visited Jerusalem and other holy places. Returning to Venice, he went thence to Padua, where he resided for some time studying Latin. There he met with or Phreas [q. v.] and other students and men of learning. He became a friend of Guarino, the most famous teacher in Italy, then residing at the court of Ferrara, and of Lodovico Carbo, who both esteemed him highly, and he seems to have been regarded by the Italian humanists as a kind of Mæcenas. Being anxious when at Florence to see the city thoroughly, he walked about unattended and examined everything carefully. He heard the lectures of John Argyropoulos, who began to teach Greek in Florence in 1456. He visited Rome, where he made an oration before Pius II and the cardinals, and the pope is said to have been moved to tears by his eloquence and the beauty of his latinity. He bought so many books that he was said to have spoiled the libraries of Italy to enrich England, and the famous bookseller Vespasiano, who probably knew him when at Florence, speaks of the largeness of his purchases. Worcester is said to have written ‘Orationes ad Pium II, ad Cardinales, et ad Patavinos,’ though this is perhaps merely a deduction from the facts of his life. Of his letters, four exist in the Lincoln Cathedral library. He translated Cicero's ‘De Amicitia,’ and the ‘Declaration of Nobleness’ by Buonaccorso. These were printed by Caxton in 1481, along with a translation of the ‘De Senectute,’ wrongly ascribed by Leland to Worcester. He is also said to have been the author of Cæsar's ‘Commentaryes newly translated owte of latin in to Englyshe as much as concernyth thys realm of England,’ printed 1530 (Brit. Mus.; ). The ‘ordinances for justes of peace royal’ noted by Warton (iii. 337) are his ‘ordinances for justes and triumphes’ made by him as constable in 8 Edward IV, 1466, to be found in Cottonian MS., Tib. E. viii. f. 126 [258]; they were commanded to be observed in 1562, and are printed in Harington's ‘Nugæ Antiquæ,’ i. l, with a heading of that date. In the same Cottonian MS., f. 117 [149], are ‘Orders for the placing of nobility’ by Tiptoft, also made in 1466. Dibdin erroneously follows Fuller in attributing to Worcester a petition against the lollards; Fuller confuses the earl with his father. Caxton wrote an impassioned lament for and high eulogy of him as an epilogue to the ‘Declamation’ (see also the prologue to the translation of the ‘De Amicitia’); he says that from the earl's death all might learn to die, and as he speaks of him as superior to all the other temporal lords of the kingdom in moral virtue, as well as in science, we may believe that he had some good qualities besides his love of learning; he seems at least to have been faithful to the Yorkist party. He gave books of the value of 500 marks to the university of Oxford, which had not received his gift at his death; but the suggestion that it never obtained the books is mistaken, for Hearne recognised one of them in the university library, a ‘Commentarius Latinus in Juvenalem.’ He is said to have intended to present books to Cambridge also. He founded a fraternity in All Hallows' church, Barking.

Worcester was thrice married: (1) to Cicely, widow of Henry de Beauchamp, earl of Warwick, who died on 28 July 1450; (2) to Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Greyndour, by whom he had a son who died in infancy; and (3) to Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Hopton, and widow of Sir Roger Corbet of Moreton-Corbet, Shropshire, by whom he had a son Edward. As the earl was not attainted, this Edward succeeded de jure to the earldom at his father's death, being then two years of age. On his death, without issue, on 12 Aug. 1485, this earldom became extinct; his heirs were his three aunts, the sisters of his father [see under ]. There is an effigy of John, earl of Worcester, on a tomb in Ely Cathedral, probably erected by him for himself and his wives; an engraving from it is given in Doyle's ‘Official Baronage.’

[Three Fifteenth-Cent. Chron. pp. 157, 159, 177, 182–3; Gregory's Chron. pp. 221–2; Warkworth's Chron. pp. 5, 9, 13, 38 (all Camden Soc.); Worcester Ann. pp. 476, 492, 495, ed. Hearne; Fabyan's Chron. p. 659, ed. 1811;


text:
Page:A book of the Cevennes (-1907-).djvu/195

Page 130


text:
Page:Popular tales from the Norse (1912).djvu/151

 Rh Here, too, it was reserved for Grimm to restore these traditions to their true place in the history of the human mind, and to shew that the poetry which treats of them is neither satirical nor didactic, though it may contain touches of both these artificial kinds of composition, but, on the contrary, purely and intensely natural. It is Epic, in short, springing out of that deep love of nature and close observation of the habits of animals which is only possible in an early and simple stage of society. It used to be the fashion, when these Beast traditions were noticed, to point to Æsop as their original, but Grimm has sufficiently proved that what we see in Æsop is only the remains of a great world-old cycle of such traditions which had already, in Æsop's day, been subjected by the Greek mind to that critical process which a late state of society brings to bear on popular traditions; that they were then already worn and washed out and moralised. He has also? hewn how the same process went on till in Phædrus nothing but the dry bones of the traditions, with a drier moral, are served up to the reader; and he has done justice on La Fontaine, who wrote with all the wanton licentiousness of his day, and frittered away the whole nature of his fables by the frivolity of his allusions to the artificial society of his time. Nor has he spared Lessing, who, though he saw through the poverty of Phædrus as compared with Æsop, and was alive to the weakness of La Fontaine, still wandered about in the classical mist which hung heavy over the learning of the eighteenth century, and saw in the Greek form the perfection of all fable, when in Æsop


text:
Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/46

42 certain persons calling themselves ambassadors, secretaries, presidents, and senators of the United States, in the name, and on behalf, of "the people of the United States," are of no validity. These so-called ambassadors, secretaries, presidents, and senators, who claim to be the agents of "the people of the United States," for making these treaties, can show no open, written, or other authentic evidence that either the whole "people of the United States," or any other open, avowed, responsible body of men, calling themselves by that name, ever authorized these pretended ambassadors and others to make treaties in the name of, or binding upon any one of, "the people of the United States." Neither can they show any open, written, or other authentic evidence that either the whole "people of the United States," or any other open, avowed, responsible body of men, calling themselves by that name, ever authorized these pretended ambassadors, secretaries, and others, in their name and behalf, to recognize certain other persons, calling themselves emperors, kings, queens, and the like, as the rightful rulers, sovereigns, masters, or representatives of the different peoples whom they assume to govern, to represent, and to bind.

The "nations," as they are called, with whom our pretended ambassadors, secretaries, presidents and senators profess to make treaties, are as much myths as our own. On general principles of law and reason, there are no such "nations." That is to say, neither the whole people of England, for example, nor any open, avowed, responsible body of men, calling themselves by that name, ever, by any open, written, or other authentic contract with each other, formed themselves into any bona fide, legitimate association or organization, or authorized any king, queen, or other representative to make treaties in their name, or to bind them, either individually, or as an association, by such treaties.

Our pretended treaties, then, being made with no legitimate or bona fide nations, or representatives of nations, and being

title: Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/46


text:
Page:Popular tales from the Norse (1912).djvu/152

 cxlvi it really appears in a state of degeneracy and decay. Here too, as in so many other things, we have a proof that the world is older than we think it. The Beast-Fables in the Pantcha-Tantra and the Hitopadesa, the Indian parallels to Æsop, reveal, in the connection in which they occur, and in the moral use to which they are put, a state of society long past that simple early time in which such fictions arise. They must have sprung up in the East in the very dawn of time; and thence travelling in all directions, we find them after many centuries in various shapes, which admit of no mistake as to their first origin, at the very ends of the earth, in countries as opposite as the Poles to each other; in New Zealand and Norway, in Central Africa and Servia, in the West Indies and in Mongolia; all separated by immense tracts of land or sea from their common centre.

To the earnest inquirer, to one who believes that many dark things may yet be solved, it is very satisfactory to see that even Grimm, in his "Reynard the Fox," is at a loss to understand why the North, properly so called, had none of the traditions which the Middle Age moulded into that famous Beast Epic. But since then the North, as the Great Master himself confesses in his later works, has amply avenged herself for the slight thus cast upon her by mistake. In the year 1834, when Grimm thus expressed his surprise on this point, the North had no such traditions to shew in books indeed, but she kept them stored up in her heart in an abundance with which no other land perhaps can vie. This book at least shews how natural it seems to the Norse mind now, and how much more natural of course it seemed in earlier times, when


text: Page:A book of the Cevennes (-1907-).djvu/196


text:
Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 56.djvu/420

 Stow's Ann. p. 423, and Survey of London, p. 374, ed. 1633; Hall's Chron. p. 286, ed. 1809; Paston Letters, ii. 121, 412, ed. Gairdner; Fœdera, xi. 403 post, ed. 1710; Cal. Rot. Pat. ii. 301 post; Rot. Parl. v. 244; Acts of P. Council, vi. 165; Leland's Collect. iii. 60, ed. 1770, and Itin. vi. 81, ed. 1745; Ramsay's Lanc. and York, ii. 152, 167, 292, 334, 352, 361; Gilbert's Viceroys of Ireland, pp. 385–91; Dugdale's Baronage, ii. 38; Doyle's Off. Baronage, iii. 718; Nicolas's Hist. Peerage, p. 519, ed. Courthope; Bentham's Hist. of Ely, p. 287, and Stevenson's Supplement, p. 140. For Tiptoft as a humanist and traveller see Vespasiano da Bisticci's Vite di Uomini Illustri del sec. xv. ‘Duca di Worcestri,’ i. 322–6, with an account of the earl's capture and death, ap. Opere inedite o rare nella prov. dell' Emilia, Bologna; Leland's De Scriptt. p. 475; Bale's Scriptt. Cat. Cent. viii. 46; Savage's Balliofergus, p. 103; Blades's Caxton, i. 79, ii. 93; Ames's Typogr. Antiq. i. 124–9, ed. Dibdin; Warton's Hist. of Engl. Poetry, iii. 337, 555; Maxwell-Lyte's Univ. of Oxford, pp. 322, 385–6; Wood's Antiq. of Oxford, ii. 917–18, ed. Gutch; Fuller's Worthies, p. 155, ed. 1662; Hearne's Collect. iii. 211, ed. Doble (Oxford Hist. Soc.)]

TIPTOFT, ROBERT, sometimes styled or  (d. 1298), succeeded to the lands of his father Henry in 34 Henry III (1249–50). In 50 Henry III (1265–6) he was made governor of Porchester Castle. He accompanied Edward I to the Holy Land, and in the third year of his reign was made governor of Nottingham Castle, and in the ninth (1280–1) justice of South Wales and governor of Cardigan and Carmarthen castles. He held the justiceship until his death, his tenure being thrice renewed. He sat in the parliaments of 1276 and 1290, but there is no record of the writs of summons (cf., Complete Peerage, vii. 401).

Tiptoft took a leading part in the suppression of the revolt of Rhys ab Mereduc in 1287–8. Rhys's pretext was the compulsory introduction of ‘English customs’ by Tiptoft. Tiptoft took Rhys's chief castle, captured him, and sent him to York, where he was hanged and drawn. In 1294 Tiptoft was appointed one of John of Brittany's counsellors and lieutenants in the expedition sent to recover Gascony. John of Brittany sent him to negotiate an alliance with Sancho IV of Castile, and he was also left in command of Rions on the retreat of the English army before Charles of Artois, but had to surrender on 7 April 1295. He took part in Edward I's Scottish expedition of 1297, and died at his manor of Nettlestead on 22 May 1298.

By his wife Eva he had a son Pain (1279?–1314), who is commonly reckoned first baron Tibetot or Tiptoft. His son John (1313–1367), second baron, was grandfather of John Tiptoft (1375–1443) [q. v.]

TIRECHAN (fl. 7th cent.), bishop and saint, was brought up in co. Meath by Ultan, bishop of Ardbraccan, who educated him. His ‘Collections’ relating to St. Patrick, which are preserved in the ‘Book of Armagh,’ are derived partly from Ultan's information oral and written, partly from the ‘Confessio’ of St. Patrick, which he quotes as ‘scriptio sua,’ and another work concerning him called ‘Commemoratio Laborum,’ and partly from traditions communicated to him by ‘seniors’ and ‘wise ancients.’ He was moved to write by love of the saint and indignation at the wrongs done to his successors, the coarbs of Armagh, by ‘deserters and robber chiefs and soldiers.’

Tirechan is the earliest witness to assign the date 469 to the death of St. Patrick, and his testimony proves that the date long generally accepted (493) is a later tradition. The date of Tirechan is inferred from that of his benefactor, Ultan, who was a member of the third order of Irish saints, and died in 656. Tirechan's day in the calendar is 3 July.

TIREL or TYRRELL, WALTER (fl. 1100), reputed slayer of William Rufus, was identified by Freeman with a son of Fulc, dean of Lisieux, who bore the same name (Will. Rufus, ii. 322, 673). He was, however, the son and successor of a Walter Tirel, lord of Poix in Picardy (Feudal England, p. 476). William of Malmesbury (ed. Stubbs, p. 378) speaks of him as brought over from France by William Rufus, with whom he was on most friendly terms, but he was certainly the Walter Tirel who appears in ‘Domesday’ (ii. 41) as holding the manor of Langham, Essex, from Richard FitzGilbert, the founder of the house of Clare, whose daughter Adeliza he married (Feudal England, p. 469). He is mentioned just afterwards (1087) in an agreement with the Count


text:
Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/47

43 made, on our part, by persons who have no legitimate authority to act for us, have intrinsically no more validity than a pretended treaty made by the Man in the Moon with the king of the Pleiades.

XVII.

On general principles of law and reason, debts contracted in the name of "the United States," or of "the people of the United States," are of no validity. It is utterly absurd to pretend that debts to the amount of twenty-five hundred millions of dollars are binding upon thirty-five or forty millions of people, when there is not a particle of legitimate evidence—such as would be required to prove a private debt—that can be produced against any one of them, that either he, or his properly authorized attorney, ever contracted to pay one cent.

Certainly, neither the whole people of the United States, nor any number of them, ever separately or individually contracted to pay a cent of these debts.

Certainly, also, neither the whole people of the United States, nor any number of them, ever, by any open, written, or other authentic and voluntary contract, united themselves as a firm, corporation, or association, by the name of "the United States," or "the people of the United States," and authorized their agents to contract debts in their name.

Certainly, too, there is in existence no such firm, corporation, or association as "the United States," or "the people of the United States," formed by any open, written, or other authentic and voluntary contract, and having corporate property with which to pay these debts.

How, then, is it possible, on any general principle of law or reason, that debts that are binding upon nobody individually, can be binding upon forty millions of people collectively, when, on general and legitimate principles of law and reason, these

title: Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/47


text:
Page:A book of the Cevennes (-1907-).djvu/197

Rh When the Gravenne had turned the former valley into a lake of molten stone, and when that lake had chilled, then the watery elements began their work. The two rivers laboured to fray themselves a course. The Pourseilles has cut through an upper and amorphous bed of lava, then it leaps over a lower and very regular bed of prismatic basalt that rests on softer material, which has been worn away by weather and water so that the basalt forms a cornice and canopy overhead. Pourcheirolles is undoubtedly one of the most picturesque points in Ardèche. The castle, perched as a vultures' lair in the midst of the valley of Montpezat, suspended between precipices, seems calculated to evade and defy assault. The castle was, however, erected not by a man of war, but a man of peace, Cardinal Pierre Flandrin, born on the flanks of the Mézenc in 1312. He was created Cardinal by Gregory XI., who employed him in various delicate negotiations. He died in 1378. His tomb was at Viviers, but was destroyed by the Huguenots. His nephew, Jean Flandrin, after having been Archbishop of Auch, was created Cardinal by Clement VII. The choice of the valley of Montpezat for their residence in summer heats was due to proximity to Avignon, at that time the seat of the papacy. The castle was never very large, and its importance was due to its position, not to its walls and towers.

The river Burzet flows into the Fontollière, and a road leads up the valley to the little town of the same name as the stream. The church, with nave and side aisles, dates from 1400. When the three bells in the tower are rung, the tower sways eight inches out of the perpendicular. A walk of from three to four hours from


text:
Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/48

 forty millions of people neither have, nor ever had, any corporate property? never made any corporate or individual contract? and neither have, nor ever had, any corporate existence?

Who, then, created these debts, in the name of "the United States?" Why, at most, only a few persons, calling themselves "members of Congress," &c. who pretended to represent "the people of the United States," but who really represented only a secret band of robbers and murderers, who wanted money to carry on the robberies and murders in which they were then engaged; and who intended to extort from the future people of the United States, by robbery and threats of murder (and real murder, if that should prove necessary), the means to pay these debts.

This band of robbers and murderers, who were the real principals in contracting these debts, is a secret one, because its members have never entered into any open, written, avowed, or authentic contract, by which they may be individually known to the world, or even to each other. Their real or pretended representatives, who contracted these debts in their name, were selected (if selected at all) for that purpose secretly (by secret ballot), and in a way to furnish evidence against none of the principals individually; and these principals were really known individually neither to their pretended representatives who contracted these debts in their behalf, nor to those who lent the money. The money, therefore, was all borrowed and lent in the dark; that is, by men who did not see each other's faces, or know each other's names; who could not then, and cannot now, identify each other as principals in the transactions; and who consequently can prove no contract with each other.

Furthermore, the money was all lent and borrowed for criminal purposes; that is, for purposes of robbery and murder; and for this reason the contracts were all intrinsically void; and would have been so, even though the real parties, borrowers and

title: Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/48


text:
Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 56.djvu/421

 of Amiens (ib. p. 476), and is found at the court of the French king in 1091 (Rouen Cartulary, f. 46 d). The part he took in the death of William Rufus (2 Aug. 1100) has been discussed at great length by Freeman (Will. Rufus, ii. 325–37, 657–70), who concludes that ‘no absolute certainty’ exists on the matter. That Walter was generally believed to have shot the fatal arrow is clear; but he seems to have denied the fact with great vehemence afterwards, when he had nothing to gain by doing so (ib. p. 674). It appears to have been this Walter who founded the priory of St. Denis de Poix, and built the abbey of St. Pierre de Selincourt (Feudal England, p. 476).

Adeliza, his wife, is mentioned on the Pipe Roll of 1130 (ib. p. 468); she retired as a widow to Conflans, a daughter-house of Bec (ib. p. 478). By her Walter left a son and successor, Hugh, lord of Poix, who sold Langham to Henry de Cornhill when leaving for the second crusade, 1147 (ib. p. 471).

[Freeman's William Rufus; Round's Feudal England; William of Malmesbury (Rolls Ser.); Cartulary of Rouen Cathedral in public library, Rouen.]  TIRWHIT, ROBERT (d. 1428), judge. [See .]

TISDAL, PHILIP (1703–1777), Irish politician, baptised in St. Mary's church, Dublin, 1 March 1702–3, was son of Richard Tisdal (registrar of the Irish court of chancery, and member for the borough of Dundalk, 1707–13, and county of Louth, 1713–27, in the Irish parliament), by his wife Marian, daughter of Richard Boyle, M.P. for Leighlin, a descendant of the great Earl of Cork. Richard Tisdal died in October 1742. Tisdal received his education at the school of Thomas Sheridan (1687–1738) [q. v.] in Capel Street, Dublin, and at Trinity College, Dublin, where he entered on 11 Nov. 1718, and where his tutor was Patrick Delany [q. v.], Swift's friend. He graduated B.A. in 1722, and entered as a law student at the Middle Temple in 1728. In 1733 he was called to the Irish bar, where his success was rapid, and, having by his marriage in 1736 added to his already high and influential connections, he became in 1739 a candidate for the representation of Dublin University. He was defeated at the poll by forty-four votes to thirty-eight, the aid of Swift, in perhaps the last public exertion of his influence, procuring the return of Alexander McAulay. Swift's interest in the election was probably stimulated by the memory of an old animosity, Tisdal being a near relative of the Rev. William Tisdal or Tisdall [q. v.] (, Letters, 1711). Tisdal was, however, declared duly elected upon petition, and continued to represent the university till 1776. On 21 Jan. 1741–2 he was appointed third serjeant-at-law, and became a bencher of the King's Inns, and on the death of his father was appointed to succeed him as registrar of the court of chancery. In 1743 he was one of the leading counsel for the plaintiff in the celebrated Anglesey peerage case [see ]. In 1745 he was appointed judge of the prerogative court, an office which he retained until his death. In 1751 Tisdal was appointed solicitor-general, and on 31 July 1760 attorney-general, appointments which he owed to some extent to the influence of Primate Stone, to whose fortunes he had attached himself.

During this period of continuous advance in his profession Tisdal's distinguished parliamentary talents had raised him to great eminence as a politician. At the general election of 1761 he was again returned, by a large majority, for Dublin university, and in the same year received the freedom of the city of Cork; that of Dublin had been conferred in 1760. In 1763 he became principal secretary of state and keeper of the seal, with the management of the House of Commons, and led the house with tact and ability down to the change of system which followed the appointment of Lord Townshend as viceroy in 1767 (see, Parliamentary Debates, and the Hibernian Magazine). On the death of the lord chancellor, John Bowes (1690–1767) [q. v.], Tisdal made a strenuous effort to gain the seals. The influence of Lord Townshend ‘nearly prevailed on the cabinet to raise that ambitious lawyer to the chancellorship … but the government would not venture to appoint an Irishman to such a post,’ and James Hewitt, viscount Lifford [q. v.], was appointed (, Memoirs of George III, ed. Le Marchant, iii. 110). In this administration, and in that of Lord Harcourt, Tisdal retained his influence, which was probably greater than that enjoyed by any other Irishman in the middle of the eighteenth century, his luxurious living and social habits adding in the eyes of both Townshend and Harcourt to his merits as an adviser. As a leading member of the Irish cabinet Tisdal is satirised in ‘Baratariana’ under the name of ‘Don Philip the Moor,’ and also in ‘Pranceriana,’ and Irish periodical literature testifies abundantly to the importance of ‘Black Phil,’ as Tisdal, from his dark complexion, grave demeanour, and sardonic temper, was commonly known.

In 1776 Tisdal's election for Trinity College was opposed by Richard Hutchinson, son of the provost, Hely-Hutchinson, Tisdal's


text:
Page:Popular tales from the Norse (1912).djvu/153

 Rh sense went for so much and reflection for so little, that beasts should talk; and how truly and faithfully it has listened and looked for the accents and character of each. The Bear is still the King of Beasts, in which character he appears in "True and Untrue," p. 1, but here, as in Germany, he is no match for the Fox in wit. Thus Reynard plays him a trick which condemns him for ever to a stumpy tail in No. XXIII. (p. 172). He cheats him out of his share of a firkin of butter in No. LVIL (p. 409). He is preferred as Herdsman, in No. X. (p. 69), before either Bear or Wolf, by the old wife who wants some one to tend her flock. Yet all the while he professes immense respect for the Bear, and calls him "Lord," even when in the very act of outwitting him. In the tale called "Well Done and Ill Paid," p. 266, the crafty fox puts a finish to his misbehaviour to his "Lord Bruin," by handing him over, bound hand and foot, to the peasant, and by causing his death outright. Here, too, we have an example, which we shall see repeated in the case of the giants, that strength and stature are not always wise, and that wit and wisdom never fail to carry the day against mere brute force. Another tale, however, restores the bear to his true place as the king of beasts, endowed not only with strength, but with something divine and terrible about him which the Trolls cannot withstand. This is "The Cat on the Dovrefell," p. 90, in connection with which it should be remembered that the same tradition existed in the thirteenth century in Germany, that the bear is called familiarly grandfather in the North, and that the Lapps reckon him


text:
Page:A book of the Cevennes (-1907-).djvu/198

132 Burzet leads to the very fine cascade of Ray-Pic, where the river leaps over a basaltic escarpment that had been vomited by the volcano of the same name, which filled the valley of the Burzet to the distance of ten miles. "He who has not seen Ray-Pic has seen nothing" is a saying among the peasantry.

At Burzet, on Good Friday, a procession perambulates the little place, bearing representations on cars of the scenes of the Passion, much like that which is famous at Seville, but here on a much smaller scale.

The river of Burzet has not, like other streams, sawn its way through the basalt, only through the upper uncrystallised portion which it has carried away, and it slides on its course over a paved bed of the tops of the prisms, "not unlike the Roman roads in Italy, but arranged with far greater neatness and accuracy of design." The columns in Lower Vivarais, says Mr. Scrope, are usually hexahedral, often five-sided; those of four occur rarely, of seven still more rarely.

But to return to the valley of Montpezat. Of this small town not much need be said. It is a very ancient place, and was the second stage on the high road to Gergovia. It contained a temple to Jupiter Olympus, and a medieval castle of which very little remains. But at Montpezat quarters must be found for the night, if it be desired to ascend so as to explore the Vestide du Pal, the most formidable mouth by which subterranean fires were belched, in all France, and perhaps even in all Europe.

An excellent road following the course of the Roman highway mounts here to the miserable village of Le Pal, 3,600 feet above the sea, where in winter the snow heaps itself up before the raging winds and buries the


text:
The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Flegel, Eduard Robert

FLEGEL, flā'gel, Eduard Robert, German traveler: b. Vilna, Russia, 1 Oct. 1855; d. Brass, mouth of the Niger, 11 Sept. 1886. He received a commercial education and in 1875 was employed by a company at Tagos, West Africa. Four years later he surveyed the Benue River, penetrating about 125 miles beyond the farthest point hitherto explored. The German African Society commissioned him to explore the entire Benue district and in 1880 he ascended the Niger to Gomba, and secured a permit from the sultan at Sokoto for an expedition to Adamawa. In 1882 he discovered the source of the Benue at Ngaundere. In 1883-84 he led another expedition up the Benue, visited Europe in the latter year and returned with a commission from the German African Company to open the Niger-Benue district to German trade. Flegel arrived to find that the district had been taken over by the English Niger Company. Although very ill he attempted the ascent of the Benue, but turned back at Yola and died soon after arriving at the coast. He wrote 'Lose Blätter aus dem Tagebuche meiner Haussafreunde' (Hamburg 1885); ‘Vom Niger-Benue; Briefe aus Afrika’ (Leipzig 1890).


text:
Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 56.djvu/422

 lifelong rival at the bar and in parliament. Tisdal was defeated, but was returned at the same general election for Armagh. A petition was lodged against Hutchinson's return, which was subsequently declared void. Tisdal died in Belgium, at Spa, on 11 Sept. 1777, and was buried at Finglas, near Dublin.

Tisdal married, in 1736, Mary, daughter of the Rev. Rowland Singleton, and niece and coheiress of Henry Singleton, chief justice of the common pleas and master of the rolls. The great wealth of this lady, who was also a distinguished beauty, aided Tisdal's political career. Mrs. Tisdal was the chief patroness in Dublin of Angelica Kauffmann, who was a frequent visitor at Tisdal's residence at Stillorgan Park, co. Dublin, and at his town mansion in Leinster Street.

Portraits of Tisdal and his wife and two daughters, his only children, including two portraits of Tisdal by Angelica Kauffmann, passed to the possession of Tisdal's descendant, Mr. Tighe, at Ashgrove, Ellesmere, Salop. There is also a portrait of Tisdal, as a young man, by Latham, in the collection of the provost of Trinity College, Dublin. His papers were by his directions destroyed after his death.

[Notes kindly furnished by Surgeon-captain W. W. Webb; Donoughmore Papers, Hist. MSS. Comm., 12th Rep. App. pt. iv. passim; Hardy's Life of Charlemont, i. 152; The Batchelor, or Speculations of Jeoffry Wagstaffe, 1773; Pugh's Remarkable Occurrences in the Life of Jonas Hanway; Gilbert's History of Dublin, iii. 249; Duigenan's Lachrymæ Academicæ, 1777, p. 39; Hutchinson's Commercial Restraints of Ireland, ed. W. G. Carroll, pp. xxi–xxiii; Stubbs's History of Dublin University, p. 236; Caldwell's Debates relative to the Affairs of Ireland; Campbell's Philosophical Survey of the South of Ireland, 1777; Burke's Landed Gentry.]  TISDAL or TISDALL, WILLIAM (1669–1735), controversialist and acquaintance of Swift, born in Dublin in 1669, was the son of William Tisdall of Carrickfergus, by his wife Anna. He entered Trinity College on 8 April 1687, his tutor being Edward Smith [q. v.], afterwards bishop of Down and Connor, became scholar in 1692, fellow in 1696, and obtained the degree of D.D. in 1707. Swift seems to have made his acquaintance as early as 1695–6, while he was at Kilroot, during one of his estrangements from Sir William Temple. Swift sympathised with Tisdall's arrogant churchmanship and hatred of presbyterians, and thought a good deal of his capacity as a preacher. They corresponded, too, upon political questions, and were in agreement as to the desirability of passing a bill against occasional conformity. These relations were abruptly changed in 1704 when Tisdall announced to his friend that he had designs upon the hand of ‘Stella’ (Esther Johnson). Swift replied in a letter dated 20 April 1704, in which rage and irony are apparent enough beneath the studied calmness which he affected. The episode was very soon closed, but Swift never got over his grudge against the ‘interloper.’ When he wanted a contemptuous epithet for Steele, he called him a ‘Tisdall fellow.’ Tisdall consoled himself by marrying, on 16 May 1706, Eleanor, daughter of Hugh Morgan of Cottlestown, co. Sligo.

In 1706 Tisdall became vicar of Kerry and Ruavan, co. Antrim; he was appointed rector of Drumcree, co. Armagh, on 29 Nov. 1711, and was admitted vicar of Belfast in the following year. His reputation as a controversialist was already considerable in the north of Ireland. In 1709 appeared his ironical ‘A Sample of True-Blew Presbyterian Loyalty, in all Changes and Turns of Government’ (Dublin, 4to), which was followed in 1712 by his vigorous ‘Conduct of the Dissenters in Ireland.’ Tisdall declared jocularly (though the joke was not relished by Swift) that he had saved Ireland by this as Swift England by his ‘Conduct of the Allies.’ John McBride [q. v.] retorted in ‘A Sample of Jet-black Prelatic Calumny.’ Tisdall published two other small tracts, before the dominion of the whigs was definitely established in 1715. After this he was silent. His relations with Swift became closer again after Stella's death, and he was a witness to Swift's will. He died on 8 June 1735, being survived just a year and a day by his wife. A son William became vicar of St. James's, Dublin, married Lady Mary, daughter of Chambre Brabazon, fifth earl of Meath, and had issue (, Landed Gentry and Peerage, s.v. ‘Meath’).

[Dublin Univ. Cal.; Stubbs's Trinity Coll. Dublin; Benn's Hist. of Belfast; Reid's Presbyterian Church in Ireland; Craik's Life of Swift; Forster's Life of Swift; Swift's Journal to Stella, ed. Ryland; Lodge's Peerage, ed. Archdall, vi. 304; notes kindly supplied by Surgeon-captain W. W. Webb.]  TISDALE, TYSDALL, or TYSDALE, JOHN (fl. 1550–1563), printer and stationer, began to print in 1550 ‘at Knight-Rider strete, nere to the Quenes Waredrop,’ London. At a later date he had ‘a shoppe in the upper ende of Lombard strete, in Allhallowes churchyard nere unto gracechurche,’ at the ‘sygne of the Eagles foote.’ He was an original member of the Company of Sta-


text:
Page:A book of the Cevennes (-1907-).djvu/199

Page 132


text:
Page:Popular tales from the Norse (1912).djvu/154

 cxlviii rather as akin to men than beasts; that they say he has the strength of ten and the wit of twelve men. If they slay him, they formally beg his pardon, as do also the Ostjaks, a tribe akin to the Lapps, and bring him to their huts with great formalities and mystic songs. To the Wolf, whose nickname is "Graylegs," these Tales are more complimentary. He is not the spiteful, stupid, greedy Isengrim of Germany and France. Not that Isengrim. of whom old English fables of the thirteenth century tell us that he became a monk, but when the brethren wished to teach him his letters that he might learn the Paternoster, all they could get out of him was lamb, lamb; nor could they ever get him to look to the cross, for his eyes, with his thoughts, "were ever to the wood ward, " He appears, on the contrary, in "The Giant who had no Heart in his Body," p. 59, as a kindly, grateful beast, who repays tenfold out of the hidden store of his supernatural sagacity the gift of the old jade, which Boots had made over to him.

The horse was a sacred animal among the Teutonic tribes from the first moment of their appearance in history, and Tacitus has related, how in the shade of those woods and groves which served them for temples, white horses were fed at the public cost, whose backs no mortal man crossed, whose neigh ings and snortings were carefully watched as auguries and omens, and who were thought to be


text:
Page:Popular tales from the Norse (1912).djvu/155

 Rh conscious of divine mysteries. In Persia, too, the classical reader will remember how the neighing of a horse decided the choice for the crown. Here, in England, at any rate, we have only to think of Hengist and Horsa, the twin-heroes of the Anglo-Saxon migration, as the legend ran,—heroes whose name meant "horse,"—and of the vale of the White Horse in Berks, where the sacred form still gleams along the down, to be reminded of the sacredness of the horse to our forefathers. The Eddas are filled with the names of famous horses, and the Sagas contain many stories of good steeds, in whom their owners trusted and believed as sacred to this or that particular god. Such a horse is Dapplegrim in these Tales (p. 272), who saves his master out of all his perils, and brings him to all fortune, and is another example of that mysterious connection with the higher powers which animals in all ages have been supposed to possess.

Such a friend, too, to the helpless lassie is the Dun Bull in "Katie Woodencloak," p. 357, out of whose ear comes the "Wishing Cloth," which serves up the choicest dishes. The story is probably imperfect, as we should expect to see him again in human shape after his head was cut off, and his skin flayed; but, after being the chief character up to that point, he remains from that time forth in the background, and we only see him darkly in the man who comes out of the face of the rock, and supplies the lassie's wants when she knocks on it. Dun, or blue, or mouse-colour, is the favourite colour for fairy kine. Thus the cow which Guy of Warwick killed was dun. The Huldror in Norway have large flocks of blue kine. In Scotland runs the story of the Mouse-coloured Elfin Bull. In


text:
Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/49

 lenders, had come face to face, and made their contracts openly, in their own proper names.

Furthermore, this secret band of robbers and murderers, who were the real borrowers of this money, having no legitimate corporate existence, have no corporate property with which to pay these debts. They do indeed pretend to own large tracts of wild lands, lying between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, and between the Gulf of Mexico and the North Pole. But, on general principles of law and reason, they might as well pretend to own the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans themselves; or the atmosphere and the sunlight; and to hold them, and dispose of them, for the payment of these debts.

Having no corporate property with which to pay what purports to be their corporate debts, this secret band of robbers and murderers are really bankrupt. They have nothing to pay with. In fact, they do not propose to pay their debts otherwise than from the proceeds of their future robberies and murders. These are confessedly their sole reliance; and were known to be such by the lenders of the money, at the time the money was lent. And it was, therefore, virtually a part of the contract, that the money should be repaid only from the proceeds of these future robberies and murders. For this reason, if for no other, the contracts were void from the beginning.

In fact, these apparently two classes, borrowers and lenders, were really one and the same class. They borrowed and lent money from and to themselves. They themselves were not only part and parcel, but the very life and soul, of this secret band of robbers and murderers, who borrowed and spent the money. Individually they furnished money for a common enterprise; taking, in return, what purported to be corporate promises for individual loans. The only excuse they had for taking these so-called corporate promises of, for individual loans by, the same parties, was that they might have some apparent excuse for the future robberies of the band (that is, to pay the debts of

title: Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/49


text:
Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 56.djvu/423

 tioners, and is mentioned in the first charter, 4 May 1556 (, Transcript, vol. i. pp. xxviii–xxix), having been made free on 8 Oct. 1555 (ib. i. 34). The first entry to him in the ‘Register’ is in 1558 for a license ‘to prynte an A B C in laten for Rycharde Jugge, John Judson, and Anthony Smythe,’ which is the ‘first instance recorded in the “Register” of one printer printing for another’ (ib. i. 95). He began to take apprentices on 25 Dec. 1559 (ib. p. 119). One of his devices was an angel driving Adam and Eve out of Paradise; another was Abraham's sacrifice. He printed several of Bishop Bale's treatises. His last production is dated 1563, and the latest entry referring to him is one for taking an apprentice on 25 June of the same year (ib. i. 227). One John Tisdale, possibly a son, had a temporary partnership with John Charlewood [q. v.] ‘at the Saracen's Head, near Holbourn conduit: how long this lasted is uncertain, as nothing of their printing with a date’ is known (, Typogr. Antiq., ed. Herbert, ii. 1093). Tisdale printed for Rafe Newbery and Francis Coldocke.

[Ames's Typogr. Antiq. (Herbert), ii. 766–770; the same (by Dibdin), iv. 345–53; Cat. of Early Printed Books in the British Museum, 1884; Watt's Bibl. Britannica, ii. 909.]  TITCOMB, JONATHAN HOLT (1819–1887), bishop of Rangoon, was born in London on 29 July 1819, and educated at Brompton 1826, and at Clapham from 1827 to 1830. In 1831 he removed to King's College school, whence he went in 1834 to Thomas Jarrett [q. v.] to be prepared for the university. He entered St. Peter's College, Cambridge, in 1837, read for mathematical honours, and at the end of his first year gained a college scholarship. He graduated B.A. (junior optime) in 1841, and M.A. in 1845, and was created D.D. honoris causa in 1877. In 1842 he commenced residing in the house of Lady Harriet Forde of Hollymount, near Downpatrick, as tutor to her nephew, Pierce Butler. He was ordained on 25 Sept. 1842, and acted as curate at Downpatrick. In February 1844 he became curate of St. Mark's, Kennington, London, and in April 1845 perpetual curate of St. Andrew-the-Less. This was a large parish in Cambridge where a portion of the population were of the most disreputable and degraded character. Titcomb very soon made himself popular, and had large congregations attending his church; he instituted Sunday schools and district visitors, and became a very successful open-air preacher. He resigned his living in June 1859, and removed to The Boltons, South Kensington. For nearly three years he acted as secretary to the Christian Vernacular Education Society of India.

In April 1861 Titcomb was presented to the vicarage of St. Stephen's, South Lambeth, where a new district church had been erected. From 1870 to 1876 he acted as rural dean of Clapham, Surrey, and in 1874 was made an honorary canon of Winchester Cathedral. His London engagements were also numerous: he was a member of the Eclectic Society and of the Prophetical Society, where he read papers; he lectured at the Christian Evidence Society, and argued with infidels in Bradlaugh's Hall of Science. The Earl of Onslow, who had witnessed the success of his ministry in South Lambeth, gave him the living of Woking, Surrey, in March 1876. In the following year he was appointed the first bishop of the newly formed diocese of Rangoon in British Burma, and consecrated in Westminster Abbey on 21 Dec. He landed in Rangoon on 21 Feb. 1878, and during his short career in the country led an active life. He held a confirmation in the Andaman Islands, consecrated a missionary church at Toungoo, ordained to the diaconate Tamil and Karen converts, paid seven visits to Moulmein resulting in the appointment of a chaplain there, and baptised and confirmed numerous Tamils, Karens, Burmese, Chinese, Eurasians, and Telegas. On 17 Feb. 1881 he fell over a cliff in the Karen hills, and was so injured that he was ultimately obliged to return to England, where on 3 March 1882 he resigned his bishopric. An account of some portion of his career as a bishop is given in his ‘Personal Recollections of British Burma, and its Church Mission Work in 1878–9,’ London, 1880.

After a period of rest Titcomb was appointed by the bishop of London his coadjutor for the supervision of the English chaplains in Northern and Central Europe, extending over ten nations. After eight long continental journeys (1884–1886) his strength failed, and he accepted the vicarage of St. Peter's, Brockley, Kent. He died at St. Leonard's-on-Sea on 2 April 1887, and was buried in Brompton cemetery, London, on 7 April. He married, in May 1845, Sarah Holt, eldest daughter of John Wood of Southport; she died on 25 Jan. 1876, aged 52, having had eight daughters and two sons. Four of the daughters died in the bishop's lifetime. In addition to addresses, lectures, pastorals, and sermons, he published: 1. ‘Heads of Prayer for Daily Private Devotion, with an Appendix of Occasional Prayers,’ Cambridge,


text:
Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/50

46 the corporation), and that they might also know what shares they were to be respectively entitled to out of the proceeds of their future robberies.

Finally, if these debts had been created for the most innocent and honest purposes, and in the most open and honest manner, by the real parties to the contracts, these parties could thereby have bound nobody but themselves, and no property but their own. They could have bound nobody that should have come after them, and no property subsequently created by, or belonging to, other persons.

XVIII.

The Constitution having never been signed by anybody; and there being no other open, written, or authentic contract between any parties whatever, by virtue of which the United States government, so called, is maintained; and it being well known that none but male persons, of twenty-one years of age and upwards, are allowed any voice in the government; and it being also well known that a large number of these adult persons seldom or never vote at all; and that all those who do vote, do so secretly (by secret ballot), and in a way to prevent their individual votes being known, either to the world, or even to each other; and consequently in a way to make no one openly responsible for the acts of their agents, or representatives,—all these things being known, the questions arise: Who compose the real governing power in the country? Who are the men, the responsible men, who rob us of our property? Restrain us of our liberty? Subject us to their arbitrary dominion? And devastate our homes, and shoot us down by the hundreds of thousands, if we resist? How shall we find these men? How shall we know them from others? How shall we defend ourselves and our property against them? Who, of our neighbors, are members of this secret band of robbers and murderers? How

title: Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/50


text:
Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 56.djvu/424

 1830; 4th edit. 1862. 2. ‘Bible Studies, or an Inquiry into the Progressive Development of Divine Revelation,’ Cambridge, 1851, part i. only; 2nd edit. 1857. 3. ‘Baptism, its Institution, its Privileges, and its Responsibilities,’ 1866. 4. ‘The Real Presence: Remarks in Reply to R. F. Littledale,’ 1867. 5. ‘The Doctrine of the Real Presence in the Lord's Supper,’ 1868. 6. ‘Revelation in Progress from Adam to Malachi: Bible Studies,’ 1871. 7. ‘Cautions for Doubters,’ 1873; 2nd edit. 1880. 8. ‘Church Lessons for Young Churchmen, or Gladius Ecclesiæ,’ 1873, two editions. 9. ‘The Anglo-Israel Post-Bag,’ 1876, a satire. 10. ‘Is it not Reasonable? A Dialogue on the Anglo-Israel Controversy,’ 1877. 11. ‘Liberationist Fallacies,’ 1877. 12. ‘Before the Cross: a Book of Devout Meditation,’ 1878. 13. ‘The Bond of Peace: a Message to the Church,’ 1878. 14. ‘Short Chapters on Buddhism, past and present,’ 1883. 15. ‘A Message to the Nineteenth Century,’ 1887, a work on Anglo-Israelism.

[A. T. Edwards's A Consecrated Life, memoir of Bishop Titcomb, 1887, with a portrait; Church Portrait Journal, 1880, i. 61–4, with a portrait; Times, 4 April 1887 p. 9, 5 April p. 9; Men of the Time, 1887, p. 996.]

TITE, WILLIAM (1798–1873), architect, born in February 1798 in the parish of St. Bartholomew the Great, London, was the son of Arthur Tite, a Russia merchant, by his wife Anne, daughter of John Elgie. William was educated at a day-school in Tower Street, afterwards at Hackney, and became a pupil of David Laing (1774–1856) [q. v.], architect of the custom-house. From 1817 to 1820 he assisted Laing in rebuilding the body of the church of St. Dunstan-in-the-East, and in compiling its history; this was published in 1818. After failing in several competitions he obtained a commission to build the Scottish church, Regent Square, for Edward Irving, in 1827–8 (, Regent Square, 1898, p. 50). In 1832 he designed the Golden Cross Hotel, West Strand, and in 1837–8 the London and Westminster Bank, Lothbury, in conjunction with Charles Robert Cockerell [q. v.] His most important work was the rebuilding of the Royal Exchange. At the first open competition in 1840 he was not among the successful candidates; but when the three selected designs were found to be unsuitable, the principle of open competition was abandoned, and five architects were invited to send in designs, of whom Tite was one. Sir Charles Barry [q. v.], Joseph Gwilt [q. v.], and Sir Robert Smirke [q. v.] declining to compete, only C. R. Cockerell and Tite were left in the field, and Tite's design was chosen. The building was completed in three years, at the cost of 150,000l., and was opened by Queen Victoria on 28 Oct. 1844.

Tite was largely employed in the valuation, purchase, and sale of land for railways, and designed many of the important early railway stations, including the termini of the London and South-Western railway at Vauxhall (Nine Elms) and Southampton; the terminus at Blackwall, 1840; the citadel station at Carlisle, 1847–8; most of the stations on the Caledonian and Scottish Central railways, including Edinburgh, 1847–8; Chiswick, 1849; Windsor, 1850; the stations on the Exeter and Yeovil railway, and on the line from Havre to Paris. Tite planned the Woking cemetery in 1853–4. In 1854–6 he built Gresham House, Old Broad Street, on the site of the old excise office; in 1857 Messrs. Tapling & Co.'s warehouse, Gresham Street; in 1858–9 a memorial church, in the Byzantine style, at Gerrard's Cross, Buckinghamshire (Builder, 1859, xvii. 588, 616).

After a serious illness, followed by a journey to Italy in 1851–2, Tite gradually abandoned active professional work, but he had many other interests and occupations. In 1838 he was elected president of the Architectural Society, which was merged in the Royal Institute of British Architects in 1842. He was president of the Institute from 1861 to 1863 and from 1867 to 1870. He contested Barnstaple, in the liberal interest, without success in August 1854, but he was elected member for Bath in 1855, and continued to represent that city without interruption till his death. In parliament he strenuously resisted the proposed introduction by Sir George Gilbert Scott [q. v.] of the Gothic style in the new foreign office and other public buildings adjoining the treasury. As a member of the metropolitan board of works he was largely concerned in the construction of the Thames Embankment. He was a director of the London and Westminster Bank, and a member of the select committee appointed to report on the bank charter in 1856. He was a magistrate for the counties of Middlesex and Somerset, and was a governor of Dulwich College and of St. Thomas's Hospital. He was knighted in 1869, and in 1870 was made a companion of the Bath.

Tite was also well known as an antiquary and collector of books, manuscripts, and works of art. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1835, and of the Society of Antiquaries in 1839, and was president of the Cambridge Society in 1866. From 1824 to 1869 he was honorary secretary of the London Institution, Finsbury Circus. He


text:
Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/51

47 can we know which are their houses, that we may burn or demolish them? Which their property, that we may destroy it? Which their persons, that we may kill them, and rid the world and ourselves of such tyrants and monsters?

These are questions that must be answered, before men can be free; before they can protect themselves against this secret band of robbers and murderers, who now plunder, enslave, and destroy them.

The answer to these questions is, that only those who have the will and the power to shoot down their fellow men, are the real rulers in this, as in all other (so called) civilized countries; for by no others will civilized men be robbed, or enslaved.

Among savages, mere physical strength, on the part of one man, may enable him to rob, enslave, or kill another man. Among barbarians, mere physical strength, on the part of a body of men, disciplined, and acting in concert, though with very little money or other wealth, may, under some circumstances, enable them to rob, enslave, or kill another body of men, as numerous, or perhaps even more numerous, than themselves. And among both savages and barbarians, mere want may sometimes compel one man to sell himself as a slave to another. But with (so called) civilized peoples, among whom knowledge, wealth, and the means of acting in concert, have become diffused; and who have invented such weapons and other means of defence as to render mere physical strength of less importance; and by whom soldiers in any requisite number, and other instrumentalities of war in any requisite amount, can always be had for money, the question of war, and consequently the question of power, is little else than a mere question of money. As a necessary consequence, those who stand ready to furnish this money, are the real rulers. It is so in Europe, and it is so in this country.

In Europe, the nominal rulers, the emperors and kings and parliaments, are anything but the real rulers of their respective countries. They are little or nothing else than mere tools,

title: Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/51


text:
Page:Popular tales from the Norse (1912).djvu/156

 cl Iceland the colour of such kine is apalgrár, dapple grey. This animal has been an object of adoration and respect from the earliest times, and we need only remind our readers of the sanctity of cows and bulls among the Indians and Egyptians, of "the Golden Calf" in the Bible; of lo and her wanderings from land to land; and, though last, not least, of Audhumla, the Mythic Cow in the Edda, who had so large a part in the creation of the first Giant in human form.

The Dog, to which, with all his sagacity and faithfulness, something unclean and impure clings, as Grimm well observes, plays no very prominent part in these Tales.


text:
Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 56.djvu/425

 published a descriptive catalogue of the antiquities found in the excavations at the new Royal Exchange, 1848, and several of his papers and addresses were privately printed. He was a good linguist, and had an extensive knowledge of English literature. He was a munificent contributor to funds raised for charitable and educational purposes, and founded the Tite scholarship in the City of London School. He died without issue at Torquay on 20 April 1873, and was buried in Norwood cemetery.

In 1832 Tite married Emily, daughter of John Curtis of Herne Hill, Surrey, who survived him. His personal property was sworn under 400,000l. His valuable library, consisting chiefly of early English books, biblical and liturgical rarities, and historical autographs, was sold at Sotheby's after his death.

A portrait of Tite as a young man by Renton, and a bust by William Theed, 1870, are at the London Institution. A copy of Theed's bust and a portrait painted by J. P. Knight, R.A., are at the Institute of British Architects. There is a marble bust of Tite in the Guildhall, Bath.

[Papers read at the Royal Institute of British Architects, 1873–4, pp. 209–12; Dict. of Architecture; Times, 22 April 1873; Redgrave's Dict. of Artists; Builder, 3 May 1873.]  TITIENS (correctly TIETJENS), TERESA CAROLINE JOHANNA (1831–1877), operatic singer, born of Hungarian parents at Hamburg on 17 July 1831 (, Dict. of Music), was musically educated in her native town. Her voice was a soprano of singular sweetness and power, and in 1849 she made a successful début at Hamburg in the title part of ‘Lucrezia Borgia.’ From that year until 1856 she sang principally at Frankfort and Vienna, where she was engaged for Benjamin Lumley [q. v.] of Her Majesty's Theatre for the season of 1858. It is said to have been due to Lumley that her name was simplified to Titiens. On 13 April 1858 she appeared at Her Majesty's as Valentine in ‘Les Huguenots,’ with much success (, Musical Recollections, ii. 318). Titiens's success in England induced her to make her home there. She ultimately became a naturalised British subject. For years she sang at Her Majesty's and Drury Lane under Mapleson and E. T. Smith, and also at Covent Garden and, later, at the Haymarket. Her best parts included Lucrezia, Semiramide, Countess Almaviva, Medea in Cherubini's opera of that name, and Lenora in Beethoven's ‘Fidelio,’ though in this last her triumph was vocal, since her figure was unsuited to the part. She also sang Ortrud in ‘Lohengrin.’

As a singer of sacred music Titiens was no less successful than as an opera singer, and her services for the provincial and Handel festivals were in continual demand. In 1863 she visited Paris, and during 1876 America. At the end of the last year she was accorded at the Albert Hall, London, her last benefit. In May 1877 she made as Lucrezia her last appearance on the stage, her health at that time being very weak. She died on 3 Oct. 1877, and was buried at Kensal Green.

[Musical Times, 1877, p. 534; Musical Opinion, September 1892; Grove's Dict. of Music and Musicians.]  TITLEY, WALTER (1700–1768), envoy-extraordinary at Copenhagen, born in 1700, was son of Abraham Titley, a Staffordshire man. He was admitted a king's scholar at Westminster in 1714, and was three years later elected to Cambridge. While at Westminster he acted as ‘help’ to Osborn Atterbury, son of Francis Atterbury [q. v.], bishop of Rochester, and was afterwards his tutor. From Trinity College, Cambridge, he graduated B.A. in 1722 and M.A. in 1726. He laid down a regular plan of life, which was approximately carried out. The first thirty years were to be given to study, the next thirty to public business, and after the age of sixty study was to be resumed. Having entered the diplomatic service, he became secretary of the British embassy at Turin. On 3 Jan. 1728–9 he was selected to act as chargé d'affaires at Copenhagen in the absence of Lord Glenorchy, and on 3 Nov. 1730 was named envoy-extraordinary. In 1733 Richard Bentley (1662–1742) [q. v.], master of Trinity, appointed him to the physic-fellowship at that college. Titley resigned his diplomatic position to accept it, but had become so attached to his life at Copenhagen that he was unable to leave it. He accordingly resumed his post, and held it for the remainder of his life. On his application in 1761, the king of Denmark agreed to order the seizure and extradition of deserters from the British army and navy, on condition of a similar service being performed for him in England. Two years later, in 1763, Titley was, on the ground of age and infirmity, granted an assistant. He died at Copenhagen, greatly respected and lamented, in February 1768. He bequeathed 1,000l. each to Westminster school, Trinity College, and the university of Cambridge. Part of the last bequest was to be devoted to buildings.

Titley wrote an ‘Imitation’ in English of the second ode of the third book of Horace, which was much admired by Bentley, who


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/O'Gorman, Maelmuire


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/O'Gorman Mahon


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/O'Grady, Standish


text: Page:A book of the Cevennes (-1907-).djvu/200


text:
Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/52

48 by the wealthy to rob, enslave, and (if need be) murder those who have less wealth, or none at all.

The Rothschilds, and that class of money-lenders of whom they are the representatives and agents,—men who never think of lending a shilling to their next-door neighbors, for purposes of honest industry, unless upon the most ample security, and at the highest rate of interest,—stand ready, at all times, to lend money in unlimited amounts to those robbers and murderers, who call themselves governments, to be expended in shooting down those who do not submit quietly to being robbed and enslaved.

They lend their money in this manner, knowing that it is to be expended in murdering their fellow men, for simply seeking their liberty and their rights; knowing also that neither the interest nor the principal will ever be paid, except as it will be extorted under terror of the repetition of such murders as those for which the money lent is to be expended.

These money-lenders, the Rothschilds, for example, say to themselves: If we lend a hundred millions sterling to the Queen and Parliament of England, it will enable them to murder twenty, fifty, or a hundred thousand people in England, Ireland, or India; and the terror inspired by such wholesale murder, will enable them to keep the whole people of those countries in subjection for twenty, or perhaps fifty, years to come; to control all their trade and industry; and to extort from them large amounts of money, under the name of taxes; and from the wealth thus extorted from them, they (the Queen and Parliament) can afford to pay us a higher rate of interest for our money than we can get in any other way. Or, if we lend this sum to the Emperor of Austria, it will enable him to murder so many of his people as to strike terror into the rest, and thus enable him to keep them in subjection, and extort money from them, for twenty or fifty years to come. And they say the same in regard to the Emperor of Russia, the King of Prussia, the Emperor of France,

title: Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/52


text:
Page:Popular tales from the Norse (1912).djvu/157

Rh We find him, however, in "Not a Pin to choose between them," p. 173, where his sagacity fails to detect his mistress; and, as "the foe of his own house," the half-bred foxy hound, who chases away the cunning Fox in "Well Done and Ill Paid," p. 266. Still he, too, in popular superstition, is gifted with a sense of the supernatural; he howls when death impends, and in "Buttercup," p. 124, it is Goldtooth, their dog, who warns Buttercup and his mother of the approach of the old hag. In "Bushy Bride," p. 322, he appears only as the lassie's lap-dog, is thrown away as one of her sacrifices, and at last goes to the wedding in her coach; yet in that tale he has something weird about him, and he is sent out by his mistress three times to see if the dawn is coming.


text:
Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/53

 or any other ruler, so called, who, in their judgment, will be able, by murdering a reasonable portion of his people, to keep the rest in subjection, and extort money from them, for a long time to come, to pay the interest and principal of the money lent him.

And why are these men so ready to lend money for murdering their fellow men? Solely for this reason, viz., that such loans are considered better investments than loans for purposes of honest industry. They pay higher rates of interest; and it is less trouble to look after them. This is the whole matter.

The question of making these loans is, with these lenders, a mere question of pecuniary profit. They lend money to be expended in robbing, enslaving, and murdering their fellow men, solely because, on the whole, such loans pay better than any others. They are no respecters of persons, no superstitious fools, that reverence monarchs. They care no more for a king, or an emperor, than they do for a beggar, except as he is a better customer, and can pay them better interest for their money. If they doubt his ability to make his murders successful for maintaining his power, and thus extorting money from his people in future, they dismiss him as unceremoniously as they would dismiss any other hopeless bankrupt, who should want to borrow money to save himself from open insolvency.

When these great lenders of blood-money, like the Rothschilds, have loaned vast sums in this way, for purposes of murder, to an emperor or a king, they sell out the bonds taken by them, in small amounts, to anybody, and everybody, who are disposed to buy them at satisfactory prices, to hold as investments. They (the Rothschilds) thus soon get back their money, with great profits; and are now ready to lend money in the same way again to any other robber and murderer, called an emperor or a king, who, they think, is likely to be successful in his robberies and murders, and able to pay a good price for the money necessary to carry them on.

title: Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/53


text:
Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 56.djvu/426

 parodied it (, Boswell, iv. 24). Both imitation and parody are printed in Monk's ‘Life of Bentley.’ Some of his Latin verses are contained in ‘Reliquiæ Galeanæ.’ The poem ‘Laterna Megalographica,’ included in Vincent Bourne's ‘Works’ (1772), is also attributed to Titley.

[Welch's Alumni Westmon.; Cole's Athenæ Cantabr. in Brit. Mus. Addit. MS. 5882; Bishop Newton's Life, prefixed to Works, p. 15; Home Office Papers, 1760–5, ed. Redington, pp. 62, 301–2; Monk's Life of Bentley, 2nd ed. ii. 173–4, 309; Pickering's edition of Bourne's Works, pref. p. xi; Chalmers's Biogr. Dict.]  TITUS, SILIUS (1623?–1704), politician, born about 1623, was son of Silius Titus of Bushey, Hertfordshire. His family is said to have been of Italian origin. He matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford, 16 March 1638, aged 15, and was admitted a student of the Middle Temple in 1639 (, Alumni Oxon. i. 1490;, Athenæ, iv. 623). Titus took up arms for the parliament at the opening of the civil war, became a captain in the regiment of Colonel Ayloffe, and took part in the siege of Donnington Castle in October 1644 (, Hertfordshire, i. 344;, Civil War in Hertfordshire, p. 124). He never served in the new model. On 4 June 1647 Titus, who seems to have been in attendance upon Charles I at Holdenby, brought the House of Commons the news of Joyce's seizure of the king, and was rewarded by a gratuity of 50l. His name appears in the list of the king's household in the Isle of Wight which was approved by the commons on 20 Nov. 1647 (Commons' Journals, v. 198, 364). By this time Titus, who was a strong presbyterian, had also become an ardent royalist, and devoted himself to contriving schemes for the king's escape. On 6 April 1648 Cromwell warned Colonel Hammond that Titus was not to be trusted, and about a fortnight later Hammond expelled him from Carisbrook. Titus, however, remained in the island, corresponding with the king, and devising fresh plans for his escape. In September 1648, when the Newport treaty came into force, he was once more allowed to attend the king, and appears to have remained with him till his seizure by the army in November (, King Charles in the Isle of Wight, 1852, pp. 108, 116, 250; the fifteen letters which Charles wrote to Titus are printed in this volume).

In December 1649 Titus was sent to Jersey as the agent of the English presbyterians, bearing an address setting forth the policy they wished him to pursue. The discovery of this intrigue by the government prevented his return to England, but the presbyterians commissioned Titus, with Major-general Massey and three others, to represent their opinions in the negotiations carried on at Breda between Charles and the commissioners of Scotland (ib. pp. 321–324; Report on the Duke of Portland's MSS. i. 585, 593; State Trials, v. 43). Thanks to the orthodoxy of his religious and political views, Titus was allowed by the Scots to be one of the king's bedchamber when Charles II came to Scotland (, Historical Discourses, p. 177). Charles sent him to France in the spring of 1651 to carry to Henrietta Maria the proposals for the king's marriage with the Marquis of Argyll's daughter (, p. 325). After the overthrow of the royalist cause at Worcester, Titus appears to have attached himself to George Villiers, second duke of Buckingham [q. v.], and is described as Buckingham's agent in his intrigues with the presbyterians, levellers, and other English malcontents (Cal. Clarendon Papers, ii. 146, iii. 109, 114). Discouraged by the defeat of the royalist cause, he applied himself to Cromwell, asking leave to return to England, and promising not to act against the government (20 Nov. 1654); but his request was not granted (, ii. 720). A year later, 16 Nov. 1655, Charles wrote to Titus thanking him for his services (Cal. Clarendon Papers, iii. 66). In October 1656 Titus, who uses the pseudonym of ‘Jennings,’ became one of Clarendon's correspondents, and was the chief intermediary between the royalists and the levellers. Colonel Edward Sexby [q. v.] was his intimate friend; he assisted him in concerting a rising against Cromwell, and kept Clarendon well informed of the plots for the Protector's assassination. It is possible that he had a hand in the composition of ‘Killing no Murder,’ though he did not as yet lay claim to its authorship (ib. pp. 189, 384, 397). Titus was specially active in concerting the royalist insurrection of August 1659 (Hist. MSS. Comm. 10th Rep. vi. 196).

Titus sat in the Convention parliament as member for Ludgershall (31 July 1660), distinguishing himself by his zeal against the regicides, and by proposing the disinterment of Cromwell, Ireton, and Bradshaw (Old Parliamentary History, xxiii. 16, 38, 42, 50, 56, 80). That assembly voted him 3,000l., chargeable on the excise, as a reward for his eminent services to the royal cause (ib. xxiii. 58, 77). It is doubtful, however, whether this sum was ever paid him (Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1661–2, pp. 172, 284).


text:
Page:A book of the Cevennes (-1907-).djvu/201

Rh houses so that not infrequently a week passes before the inhabitants see daylight. The Vestide rises above this village to the height from the sea of 4,220 feet. The name Vestide in patois signifies a sheltered place, and is applied to the crater itself, the only sheltered spot thereabouts, and indeed this huge basin is an Eden to the peasants of Le Pal. The bottom is cultivated, but the sides are covered with timber. The volcano is remarkable not only for its enormous proportions, the bottom of the crater being over two miles in circumference, but also for its alternate dejections of lava, mud, and cinders. The depth of the crater is 900 feet, and its diameter 5,500 feet.

In the midst of the crater a slight cone has been raised by the expiring efforts of the volcanic fires. Each eruption has left its traces written in ineffaceable characters on the slopes of the crater. Here was one of sand and mud, there one of lava and scoriæ ejected over the bed of mud. Then again an outpour of lava, and after that another of mud containing great boulders of granite burnt red and rendered friable.

"Imagination is roused," says M. A. Mazon, "at the thought of what must have been the scene when the volcano of la Vestide belched forth tempests of fire which agitated, upset, and shaped the soil of the Vivarais. The huge bowl, incessantly active, threw out showers of cinders into the basins alike of the Rhone and of the Loire. When winter came with its hurricanes of snow, deluges of water were precipitated into the furnace, but quenched the fires for a moment only, and then burst forth in torrents of mud mingled with steam. It was thus that the walls of the crater were built up into veritable mountains."


text:
Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/54

50 This business of lending blood-money is one of the most thoroughly sordid, cold-blooded and criminal that was ever carried on, to any considerable extent, amongst human beings. It is like lending money to slave-traders, or to common robbers and pirates, to be repaid out of their plunder. And the men who loan money to governments, so called, for the purpose of enabling the latter to rob, enslave, and murder their people, are among the greatest villains that the world has ever seen. And they as much deserve to be hunted and killed (if they cannot otherwise be got rid of) as any slave-traders, robbers, or pirates that ever lived.

When these emperors and kings, so called, have obtained their loans, they proceed to hire and train immense numbers of professional murderers, called soldiers, and employ them in shooting down all who resist their demands for money. In fact, most of them keep large bodies of these murderers constantly in their service, as their only means of enforcing their extortions. There are now, I think, four or five millions of these professional murderers constantly employed by the so-called sovereigns of Europe. The enslaved people are, of course, forced to support and pay all these murderers, as well as to submit to all the other extortions which these murderers are employed to enforce.

It is only in this way that most of the so-called governments of Europe are maintained. These so-called governments are in reality only great bands of robbers and murderers, organized, disciplined, and constantly on the alert. And the so-called sovereigns, in these different governments, are simply the heads, or chiefs, of different bands of robbers and murderers. And these heads or chiefs are dependent upon the lenders of blood-money for the means to carry on their robberies and murders. They could not sustain themselves a moment but for the loans made to them by these blood-money loan-mongers. And their first care is to maintain their credit with them; for they know

title: Page:No Treason, v6.djvu/54


text:
The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Fleischer, Charles

FLEISCHER, flī'sher, Charles, American divine: b. Breslau, Germany, 23 Dec. 1871. Coming to America in 1880 he was graduated at the College of the City of New York in 1888 and from the University of Cincinnati in 1893, and rabbi from the Helven Union College of Cincinnati in the same year. In 1894 he succeeded Rabbi Solomon Shindler at Temple Israel, Boston, where he remained until 1911, founding in the latter year an independent religious institution, known as the “Sunday Commons” of Boston, of which he has since been leader. He is also known as a lecturer and contributor to magazines and newspapers. He wrote ‘American Aspirations’ (1914).