text:
Talk:retributionist

RFV discussion: October 2011–February 2012
Rfv-sense: "One who holds that society should not punish others, and should leave punishment and retribution to the cosmos or God." - -sche (discuss) 22:55, 24 October 2011 (UTC)
 * RFV-failed. - -sche (discuss) 20:20, 7 February 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:retributionist


text:
Talk:faced

RFV discussion: October 2011–February 2012
" Taken out, knocked out, beaten up" -- contraction of "freaking aced". Equinox ◑ 12:15, 31 October 2011 (UTC)
 * RFV-failed. - -sche (discuss) 21:08, 5 February 2012 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:faced


text:
Talk:blubbo

RFV discussion: November 2011
Overweight person. Created by Wonderfool. Equinox ◑ 20:34, 12 November 2011 (UTC)
 * Extremely verified now!Lucifer

title: Talk:blubbo


text:
cántico

Etymology
, from, from.

Noun

 * 1) chant, canticle

title: cántico


text: cánticos

title: cánticos


text:
mesa de billar

Noun

 * 1) billiard table; pool table

title: mesa de billar


text: mesas de billar

title: mesas de billar


text:
bañista

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) bather

title: bañista


text: bañistas

title: bañistas


text: Category:it:Buildings

title: Category:it:Buildings


text: Category:it:Construction

title: Category:it:Construction


text: Category:es:Swimwear

title: Category:es:Swimwear


text:
procaz

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) bold
 * 2) shameless
 * 1) shameless

title: procaz


text: 尾声

title: 尾声


text:
尾聲

Noun

 * 1)  coda; epilogue
 * 2) end; epilogue; final chapter

title: 尾聲


text:
tag on

Verb

 * 1)  To hover an RFID device such as a smartcard over a receiver, often with a graphical user interface, in order to make a payment or gain access to the vehicle.
 * 2) * 2003, Daniel Fleishman, United States. Federal Transit Administration, National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board, Fare policies, structures and technologies: update, page 39
 * Contactless smart card readers can be mounted at each door of an LRT car, allowing a rider to “tag on” and “tag off” on boarding and alighting the vehicle.

Translations

 * Spanish:, bipear

title: tag on


text: 伪证

title: 伪证


text: 僞證

title: 僞證


text: tags on

title: tags on


text: tagging on

title: tagging on


text: tagged on

title: tagged on


text: 委托

title: 委托


text: 围困

title: 围困


text:
圍困

Verb

 * 1) to surround; to encircle; to hem in; to besiege

title: 圍困


text:
tag off

Verb

 * 1)  To hover an RFID device such as a smartcard over a receiver, often with a graphical user interface, in order to confirm the end of use or one's exit from the vehicle.

title: tag off


text: 承诺

title: 承诺


text:
tarjeta inteligente

Noun

 * 1) a smart card

title: tarjeta inteligente


text: 尾随

title: 尾随


text:
尾隨

Verb

 * 1) to follow; to trail behind

title: 尾隨


text: 途径

title: 途径


text:
途徑

Noun

 * 1) means; method; channel; way

title: 途徑


text: 欠条

title: 欠条


text:
欠條

Noun

 * 1)  IOU

title: 欠條


text:
perdigón

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) a young partridge
 * 2) a small lead pellet used as ammunition

title: perdigón


text: perdigones

title: perdigones


text: 垫付

title: 垫付


text:
墊付

Verb

 * 1) to pay in advance for somebody as a favour that is to be reimbursed later

title: 墊付


text: 卖方

title: 卖方


text:
賣方

Noun

 * 1) seller (especially when a formal contract is concerned)

title: 賣方


text:
買方

Noun

 * 1) buyer especially in a contract

title: 買方


text: 买方

title: 买方


text: 麦子

title: 麦子


text:
麥子

Noun

 * 1) any cereal crop, but often specifically wheat
 * 2) grain of wheat; kernel of wheat

title: 麥子


text:
Wiktionary talk:Votes/pl-2012-02/Handling of superscript and subscript letters

The voting system is confusing. We've got an option 1, and option 2 and presumably a status quo, but options to Support, Oppose or Abstain (from what)?--Prosfilaes 02:00, 20 February 2012 (UTC)
 * Oh... I forgot to make separate Support-Oppose-Abtain sections for each option. - -sche (discuss) 02:02, 20 February 2012 (UTC)
 * Alright, how's it look now? - -sche (discuss) 02:22, 20 February 2012 (UTC)

re Option 1
If option 1 passes, we will be in an awkward position if we find e.g. "ад" in superscript in a Russian book: will we write "ᵃд"?! - -sche (discuss) 02:25, 20 February 2012 (UTC)
 * There's ⷣ "COMBINING CYRILLIC LETTER DE". When combined with a non-breaking space, it becomes a makeshift modifier letter. -- Liliana • 11:12, 20 February 2012 (UTC)
 * What about "й" or "ζ"? You see the point I'm trying to make: there aren't modifiers for everything. Also, what is "COMBINING CYRILLIC LETTER DE" supposed to be used for? - -sche (discuss) 01:50, 21 February 2012 (UTC)

another option
I think there should be an option of allowing Unicode superscript characters iff they're meant as superscript characters (not allowing the modifier letters). This, in case Unicode adds such characters (or has them already in some script (as I think it does for (some?) numbers)). —msh210℠ (talk) 01:11, 21 February 2012 (UTC)
 * Wouldn't it be better to replace option 2 with that? Alternatively, might it not be more appropriate to wait until Unicode adds such characters and reconsider our policy at that time, after having at look at them? - -sche (discuss) 01:47, 21 February 2012 (UTC)
 * I don't quite get what you mean? Do you mean we should ban ʷ and ʲ from IPA usage because they aren't superscripts? -- Liliana • 02:28, 21 February 2012 (UTC)
 * I was not thinking of banning them from IPA usage. I was thinking of allowing future Unicode characters that are meant as superscript-styles normal letters. —msh210℠ (talk) 00:24, 22 February 2012 (UTC)

Oppose votes.
I tend to feel that every vote should allow editors to explicitly oppose, if only as a sort of "meta-opposition" or "objection" to the vote itself ("I don't think this is a valid subject for a vote", "I don't think enough time was given for discussion", "I don't think this vote is set up properly", "I object to the vote's language about a 'two-thirds majority' because I think that's the prerogative of a closing admin", etc.). This is not always the same as supporting some different option, unless we stretch the word "option" a bit beyond what's intuitive ("I support the option of deleting this page", "I support the option of having further discussion and then redoing this vote", "I support the option of redoing this vote, except setting it up properly", "I support the option that is equivalent to one of the above options but without being subject to the 'two-thirds majority' cutoff", etc.). —Ruakh TALK 23:08, 21 February 2012 (UTC)

 * OK, I'll revert my removal of the "oppose" section. (Now, I'm not sure if I should leave the "I support something else" section, or let it be part of "oppose". I suppose the latter.) Re the "two-thirds" part: I included that out of concern that the question might arise "option 1 has 6 votes, option 2 has 2 votes, and the status quo has 3... does option one pass because it has a majority over option 2 (6:2) or fail because it has the support of only barely more than half the voters (6:5)?" I admit it's a clumsy clause... If you think we're better off without it, please remove or rewrite it. - -sche (discuss) 00:53, 22 February 2012 (UTC)

 * Don't worry, I'm not actually opposed to that; it was just an example (but potentially a realistic one: a certain editor, who shall remain nameless, once started a vote between two options, with the prefatory text saying that whichever option got a simple majority would win, and I strenuously objected to that). —Ruakh TALK 02:41, 22 February 2012 (UTC)

 * I absolutely agree. Every vote has to have an oppose section, containing the keyword "oppose". --Dan Polansky 10:58, 22 February 2012 (UTC)

Mʳ and its ilk
How will this affect entries like, which actually use the modifier letters in question? — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 17:26, 22 February 2012 (UTC)

 * If I understand it, it would be moved to Mr and  tags would be used in the headword line. —CodeCat 17:53, 22 February 2012 (UTC)

 * Your interpretation seems to contradict the part of the vote that states that "[n]either option affects the use of Unicode modifier letters to reproduce modifier letters". undefined: is supported by five citations, all from Usenet, which unambiguously use the modifier letter 〈ʳ〉. I take it that that means that undefined: stays. In that case, does that mean that the printed examples of undefined: will antedate undefined: or undefined: (in undefined:)? — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 17:23, 26 February 2012 (UTC)

 * Because some people will copy-and-paste terms to look them up, I'm not opposed to including (as s) terms like undefined: which are specifically attested in that form. They're like haĉek:, IMO: technically incorrect, but attested — to be included and given usage notes. - -sche (discuss) 18:51, 26 February 2012 (UTC)

 * Yeah, that seems like a pretty reasonable solution. — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 23:52, 26 February 2012 (UTC)

The descriptive dictionary attests English usage, including its spelling. Character encoding, on the other hand, is not part of the living language, but an issue of technical representation, governed by prescriptive standards. These are encoding errors, not alternate spellings. —Michael Z. 2012-03-12 05:48 z

 * What do we do for people who copy-and-paste search undefined:? — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 14:29, 12 March 2012 (UTC)

 * I'm not opposed to having a redirect or an “alternative form” listing (preferably with a note about the encoding problem), as long as it's something that renders in browsers. —Michael Z. 2012-03-12 14:41 z

 * What might the rendering problem be? And what can we do to solve it? — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 15:05, 12 March 2012 (UTC)

 * in this case I don't foresee one. I'm thinking of other cases where people have been using character encoding from other systems, so in Unicode a character may display as a completely different one (as in the custom encoding requiring a custom font in the nonsensical sample text in Fraktur), or as some kind non-displaying control character (as I think can happen when copying text entered in Windows-1252 encoding). —Michael Z. 2012-03-12 19:00 z

 * I'd reserve the phrase "encoding error" for an actual technical encoding error, not an unusual choice. In this case, it's a willful choice, that displays as intended. If the French want to use U+02B3 as part of the set of characters they use in writing French, we have to accept that. We can include Usage notes, but it's an intentional choice and we should respect that.--Prosfilaes (talk) 22:51, 12 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Give a man a dictionary, and he thinks everything is lexicography! Technical standards like Unicode are not living languages, whose usage is to be documented and evolve over time. They are prescriptive. All the words in the standards document comprise the standard, and directly contravening them is an error, plain and simple. Errors happen, but to systematically enforce them in an open Web project would be appalling.

 * Have “the French” codified a spin-off project of Unicode, and did the Wikimedia community adopt it while I was sleeping? Or did some guy just write something in a few Usenet postings, and make it try to look right? We know what letters he meant to write, and we know how to represent them in Unicode.

 * If you're not happy with HTML and Unicode as our chosen standards, then join a committee to rewrite MediaWiki software or to amend Unicode to your liking with consensus, but please don't try to establish a tradition of subverting Web standards. —Michael Z. 2012-03-13 01:45 z

 * Dude, I've been on the Unicode mailing list for a decade now. When it was pointed out that the Lakota were using a capital form of LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH LONG RIGHT LEG, they didn't get told they were wrong, LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH LONG RIGHT LEG was added. Unicode does not try and dictate orthographies to users. If Americans decide that 0 is a letter (e.g. pr0n), the Unicode experts will grumble that this is a bad choice and that it will stay category "Number, Decimal Digit [Nd]" and continue to have BIDI properties of "European number", but they won't go out and ban it. Tidy does not spit out an error for pr0n or Mʳ, and never will.

 * I'm happy to dispose of questions about interpreting platonic characters from ink blots in exchange for perfectly clear digital codes. If someone wrote some characters on computer, we know exactly what Unicode code points they used, and in this case it is completely clear that they intended to use those characters.--Prosfilaes (talk) 05:27, 13 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Dude, unlike your examples, what we're talking about is something Unicode 6 says not to do. —Michael Z. 2012-03-13 13:53 z

 * The Unicode Standard is very clear that 0 is not a letter, that it's a number with all the properties thereof. Yet when people abuse it as a letter, we record it as such and nothing bad happens. If someone writes a French word as U+004D U+02B3, then that's what it is. I don't suggest that we use them, any more then we should start spelling words with 0, but we certainly should record it as such.--Prosfilaes (talk) 22:45, 13 March 2012 (UTC)

 * I very much agree with Michael that we should not misuse Unicode; thus, we should not use modifier letters for the superscripts in old books. I also very much agree with Prosfilaes that citations from Usenet, the technical encoding of which is discernible, should have copy-and-paste entries: so if "Mʳ" is attested (which it is), we should have an entry [[Mʳ]] soft-redirecting people to Mr (or to some unsupported titles/ entry that will display Mr). - -sche (discuss) 23:06, 13 March 2012 (UTC)

 * we certainly should record it as such – Prosfilaes, a dictionary records words, terms in the language, including their usage and spelling. So it records that the abbreviation of Mister is spelled Mr.

 * To some extent, we also record styling, especially in our quotations. Italics, quotation marks, punctuation, etc., all help indicate the writer's intent and the meaning of the words they are applied to. So we attest the form of Mister with a raised letter, Mr (although some high-quality professional dictionaries do not).

 * But lexicography doesn't concern itself with whether the source of the raised letter was printed with a smaller r type with some of the metal kerned away, or a dedicated superscript type. The words and letters remain the same whether they are set in a metal slug with swashes, whether in a font engraved by Goudy or Garamond, whether in hot metal, phototypeset, digital type, from a typewriter or dot-matrix printer. The r remains a letter r whether it's chiselled in stone, impressed in clay tablets, papyrus, lambskin vellum, PDF, or ePub, whether carved in 1-inch wood type for posters, printed from an etched copper plate, or originally stored in ASCII, DOS CP-866, Windows CP-1252, or Unicode. (And some of our sources have been durably recorded several of these ways.) It doesn't matter if some schmoe chatting on Usenet happened to copy something that looked right to reproduce a raised letter r – it is still a raised letter r, regardless of the technical details.

 * But when we make a website based on HTML and Unicode standards, to be read in any web browser, screen reader, or braille display, then it does matter very much that we reproduce the raised English Latin letter r not with a character that represents an intrusive (linking) r phoneme, or indicates a preceding r-coloured phoneme, but with a raised Unicode Latin letter r. —Michael Z. 2012-03-14 02:35 z

 * I have a feeling you've missed the (pragmatic) crux of the opposing argument. We should include undefined: because, as it says in the CFI, "it's likely that someone would run across it and want to know what it means". We can nevertheless render its entry a sort of soft-redirect, and include a usage note explaining why the authors used undefined:, why they ought not (technically speaking) have done so, and what undefined: is meant to be used for. Hopefully, all that is uncontroversial. — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 03:20, 14 March 2012 (UTC)

 * No, I have no problem with creating a search target, as long as we don't also blindly (or wilfully) duplicate and perpetuate non-standard technical practices. —Michael Z. 2012-03-14 14:03 z

 * So if someone uses Mʳ on Usenet, it's just a raised letter r, but if we use it, it's something else?
 * If we make a webpage with an entry for Mʳ, people should expect and get the exact some results as when they read the Usenet post that they're trying to look up here, be via braille display or screen reader. It may actually be more confusing to silently change it on them, since they can't visually verify that Mʳ looks like Mr.
 * Doremítzwr presents a purely pragmatic view, but it's not purely pragmatic to me. I have spent a good part of my life doing stuff for Project Gutenberg, including stuff like . If you ask me whether that's a faithful transcription, I have to hem and haw. There were choices we had to make, and choices that were forced upon us by Unicode and HTML (neither of which were designed for 16th century books). I'm not sure that I can be sanguine about our transcriptions of the Early English Text Society books, either; I suspect between the 19th century scholars forcing the manuscripts into book form, and us forcing the books into Unicode HTML, that we've lost, obscured or mangled many features of the original.
 * So now, when I can work with something born digital, and can just copy a string of Unicode code-points, it's a pleasure. No longer do I have to worry about the Platonic identity of blobs of ink; when some writes "Mʳ", I can simply report that as "Mʳ", no mangling, no second-guessing, no interpretation, no transcription.--Prosfilaes (talk) 05:12, 14 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Digital sources are not going to keep us from having to think about what we do, even ones that are coded in (questionable) Unicode. The standard is a 550-page book, and I don't think its existence magically makes things work by ignoring it, nor especially by willfully violating it, as this vote proposes to do. —Michael Z. 2012-03-14 14:03 z

 * Digital sources let us copy them exactly and not mangle them. I fail to see that mangling data when we don't have to is a good thing. Again, we've already been down this road; pr0n uses a digit for a letter, which is surely worse than using a modifier letter as a letter. There is no technical problem with using ʳ here; any Unicode-compliant system must accept arbitrary strings of Unicode code-points, even including code points unassigned in their version of the standard. (And if your copy of the standard is only 550 pages, I'm not sure it can be taken as authoritative; my copy of Unicode 3 is over a thousand pages, and therefore is obviously more authoritative.)--Prosfilaes (talk) 22:49, 14 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Digital sources let us copy them exactly and not mangle them – If they are not in well-formed UTF-8, then we will have to “mangle” them, unless you want Wiktionary to be full of little rectangles or question marks, returning HTML validation errors, and potentially failing to display text or load pages. Sources exist in EBCDIC, MARC-8, Mac Cyrillic, KOI8-U, UTF-32, Unicode with deprecated characters, and a thousand other encodings, with HTML, PDF, WordPerfect, LaTeX, Setext, and a hundred other markup or formatting systems, and the idea that we will someday be able to “copy them exactly” without another thought is shortsighted.

 * pr0n uses a digit for a letter, which is surely worse than using a modifier letter – I think the writer's intent is pretty clear: “pr0n” is not “porn,” but a self-consciously jocular, cyber-bowdlerized expression of porn. It's nothing like Mr with an IPA character, in a medium where HTML is not used. Here the writer's intent is obviously to write Mr with a raised letter R, and not to indicate an “r-coloured pronunciation of M.”

 * my copy of Unicode 3 is over a thousand pages – You win. —Michael Z. 2012-03-15 17:38 z

 * The problem of modifiers displaying as "little rectangles or question marks, returning HTML validation errors" is a general one, i.e., they will display as rectangles whether they are in IPA sections or headwords. - -sche (discuss) 20:56, 15 March 2012 (UTC)

 * I'm not saying that modifiers cause display problems (they don't on my machine). I'm saying that we still have to re-encode text for many reasons (mischaracterized as “mangling”), and that will never change. —Michael Z. 2012-03-16 16:22 z

 * Unicode is designed so that there is no ambiguity in converting most character sets to Unicode. (We certainly shouldn't be mangling deprecated Unicode codepoints; they're still part of the standard for a reason.) I don't get your exception; it's okay to use 0 as a letter (which it's not), but not ʳ as a letter (which it is) provided you have the right state of mind? Within the bounds of CFI, we could attest a lot more of l33t5p34k then we do. I'm guessing we could attest a whole lot of the Arabic chat alphabet from Usenet, which again abuses digits as letters.--Prosfilaes (talk) 22:47, 15 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Somebody spelled a word “pee–are–zero–en,” and entered all of the intended characters correctly. Somebody else spelled a word “em–are,” but entered a character that actually represents r-colouring of the preceding phoneme in IPA, in violation of Unicode's standard, because that character resembles what was intended. If you want, we can indicate in a note that this happens (if there are three independent instances), but it is simply an attestation of the spelling “em–are”, with a raised “are”. The dictionary attests spellings; it does not attest usage of HTML, text encoding, metal type, penmanship, or other non-lexical technical details. (Am I still being unclear?) —Michael Z. 2012-03-16 16:22 z

 * Aha, I see what you're getting at, Michael. It's perhaps a bit like the WT:About Japanese discussion of whether to use half- or fullwidth numbers (1 vs １), where we could decide to use 1 even if １ (speaking hypothetically) were more common on Usenet, because they're both just representations of 1, and ʳ in Mʳ is just a representation of a raised r. But even if we make 10日 the standard, we'll have entries for １０日: and even though we're poised to make Mr the standard, I expect that community consensus will be to still have entries for Mʳ, etc (when attested), because people will copy-and-paste what they find on Usenet and look it up here. And really, it takes enough technical skill to locate ʳ (it's not on the keyboard) that I must conclude its use is conscious. Actually, we all seem to be in agreement (am I understanding your last comment correctly?): have entries for strings like Mʳ when they're attested, and explain that they're technically improper. - -sche (discuss) 07:58, 17 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Why did you say they spelled a word "pee-are-zero-en" instead of "pee-are-oh-en"? How do we know that? Looking at l33t5p34k, I don't know whether most of the users would spell it "l-e-e-t-s-p-e-a-k with numbers substituted for the letters" or "l-3-3-t-5-p-3-4-k", but I suspect there would be people on both sides.
 * The dictionary attests spellings. The difference is that you look at Mʳ, say that the spelling is  and map that to U+004D U+0072. I look at Mʳ and say that the spelling is U+004D U+02B3. The fact that we can play around with mappings to ill-defined Platonic entities, like we had to in the analog days, doesn't mean that we should; let us accept that the fundamental elements of spelling in a 21st century digital environment are Unicode codepoints and go on with our lives.--Prosfilaes (talk) 11:10, 17 March 2012 (UTC)

 * What is a “platonic entity?”

 * Let me ask you this: in the 1856 document reproduced in File:Majty.jpg, what is the last letter used to write Govr? Is it the same or a different letter than the one someone used to write “Mʳ” in a Usenet posting? —Michael Z. 2012-03-18 00:35 z

 * A platonic entity, form or ideal is from Plato's Theory of Forms; it's something that's abstract and non-material, yet somehow real.

 * We agree to represent what was printed in that document as a r (U+0072) styled superscript. That doesn't make it true; that's just a convenient abstraction. I'd agree that the printed letter is some sort of R, like e, é and Ë are some sort of E, at least in English. Whether or not it should be transcribed as U+02B3 is a conventional thing; we've agreed that it should not. I think that assigning a Platonic ideal to ʳ is pointless, since we can represent it directly. Of course we should state that it's nonstandard and proscribed.--Prosfilaes (talk) 07:56, 18 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Okay, we may be moving towards a mutual understanding, but I don't agree with some of your apparent assumptions. If there is a platonic ideal here, it is a concept of a lexical entity, a word or symbol that existed before Unicode or digital text were ever conceived, and not fundamentally changed by the existence of Unicode and other encodings. Although Unicode attempts a very broad model for representing text, it is just one model alongside things like inked brush strokes and impressions of cast metal type, and it is not authoritative over or superseding them. Furthermore, Unicode is not everything, because representation of language includes visual attributes represented otherwise, like position and visual relationship, size, style, typographic weight, typeface, orientation, etc.

 * And note the simple fact that Unicode's dedicated modifier-letter code points don't include an entire uppercase or lowercase alphabet, Latin, Greek, Cyrillic or other (and probably never will), so they can't constitute a system for representing superscript alphabetic writing. HTML  or an analog is a requisite part of such a system.

 * (What we naïvely call “superscripts” and “subscripts” isn't one thing, anyway: in typography, there are various raised and lowered-glyph entities, often treated differently, and varying between different languages and writing systems, including alphabetic abbreviations, ordinals, references for notes, specialized symbols, pronunciation modifiers, numerical fractions, parts of equations, etc.) —Michael Z. 2012-03-18 16:37 z

 * Unicode is not everything, but it is our base, and as much as possible I'd like to transfer data from Unicode to Unicode, not Unicode -> Platonic interpretation -> Unicode. I'm not arguing for using them ourselves, so completeness is irrelevant; I'm merely arguing for recording how others use them. Usage notes, about how it might cause apoplexy in your readers, are entirely appropriate.--Prosfilaes (talk) 23:54, 18 March 2012 (UTC)

 * General comment, not in response to any specific comment above: just to be sure we're all on the same page going into this: this vote explicitly does not concern whether or not we have entries Mʳ. It neither allows nor forbids them. - -sche (discuss) 07:58, 17 March 2012 (UTC)

Templates for superscribing and subscribing
Currently, simply using    and     tags creates (respectively) superscript and subscript characters that are too big, respectively too high and too low, and, in the case of italicised superscripts, causes the affected text to appear on top of the normal character to its left; moreover, both tags cause line spacing problems. In an attempt to mitigate these problems, I have created and. (The names and  cannot be used because those names are reserved for ISO codes,  potentially and  actually, viz. .) By combining the     and     tags with   tags, the templates render super- and subscripts of the correct proportions; furthermore, calling the second parameter of  adds a  before the superscript text, solving the italicisation problem. However, line spacing is still a problem. Could someone who knows how, please modify and  to solve the line-spacing problem? If it is solved, we shall have means of effecting super- and subscripts that display properly without resorting to using modifier letters. — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 00:51, 3 March 2012 (UTC)

 * I don't think you should use a template to do things like insert invisible characters or non-semantic html. (A hair space or other whitespace turns Majty into Maj ty, and the HTML small element “represents side comments such as small print”) If a browser, or rendering engine, or font doesn't display the text correctly, that is its bug, and we shouldn't be inserting invisible content to work around it. It may be that my browser and font display things just as we expect, even if yours doesn't, but using such hacky “fixes” changes the actual text that is indexed by search engines, cut and pasted, or read out by assistive software. (In fact superscripts and subscripts display fine in my browser, except for the line-height problem, which I've fixed with my user CSS.)

 * The integrity of the content is most important. Style problems should be fixed with a styling solution like CSS. If the letters are too close together, then change the letter-spacing or add a left-margin. If vertical-alignment wrecks the line-height, then use position: relative instead.

 * The line spacing problem can be fixed using CSS  (instead of   or  ), to raise or lower the displayed glyph without expanding the line-height. See my summary at w: User:Mzajac/monobook.css/Superscript_fix – it's old, but I think it still works fine. —Michael Z. 2012-03-11 22:18 z

 * Even simpler: try pasting the following in your user style sheet (User:Doremítzwr/vector.css). If it works, then we can add it to MediaWiki:Common.css to fix the appearance of all superscripts and subscripts, for all users.

sup, sub { line-height: 1em; /* neutralize extra line spacing */ margin-left: 0.2em; /* typographic thin space */ font-size: 0.7em; /* default superscripts and subscripts are “smaller”, or about 0.8em */ }

 * —Michael Z. 2012-03-11 23:22 z

 * That looks good. The character height, character size, and line spacing are all correct using that coding. However, the hair space was a little too wide, so I changed that to 0.1em, which looks better. Said hair space is only necessary for superscripts when the preceding regular text is italicised; is there any way to restrict the addition of the hair space just to superscipt text with preceding italic text? Or, failing that, to superscripts only, and not to subscripts? — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 14:28, 12 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Here's code to add the space to superscripts only.

 * I'll think about how to add it for italics only. Do we want the space when both preceding text and superscript are italicized, or only preceding text, or both situations? —Michael Z. 2012-03-12 14:44 z

sup, sub { line-height: 1em; /* neutralize extra line spacing */ font-size: 0.7em; /* default superscripts and subscripts are “smaller”, or about 0.8em */ } sup { margin-left: 0.2em; /* typographic thin space */ }

 * Both situations. — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 15:06, 12 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Okay. I'm updating the code again. I think margin is better than padding for this, but in my browser margin-left: 0.2em makes the gap match padding-left: 0.1em, for some reason. —Michael Z. 2012-03-12 15:10 z

 * Actually, sorry to be a pain, but, looking again, the superscripts are too high and the subscripts too low. Please see User:Doremítzwr/super- and subscript æquivalencies; the first column uses the Unicode modifier letters, the second column uses  and  tags, and the third column uses and . The superscripts in the third column are the perfect height and size, whereas the subscripts in the first column are the perfect height and size. Can you make it so that the superscripts in the second column appear like those in the third column and that the subscripts in the second column appear like those in the first column? — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 15:26, 12 March 2012 (UTC)

 * No worries. I think I can do that, but probably can't get to it for a day or so. What browser and OS are you using? — it's possible that what I see is quite different from what you see. —Michael Z. 2012-03-12 16:00 z

 * Great, thanks. I'm using Firefox on Windows Vista. — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 16:46, 12 March 2012 (UTC)

 * The following code makes  and   identical to your respective samples in Safari/Mac. Try it.

 * Minor caveat: it only accounts for the usual tick marks -generated italics for now. If it's successful, I could add code to account for em and cite tags and other kinds of italics.

 * Major caveat: the detailed tweaks to size and position the letters work for my browser's default font and its metrics. Different browsers use different fonts based on their default settings, their OS's installed fonts, and user preferences. Different fonts will give different results. This will give unpredictable results, and is probably not suitable for the public style sheet. —Michael Z. 2012-03-16 19:44 z

/* fix raised and lowered text */ sup, sub { line-height: 1em; /* neutralize extra line spacing */ font-size: 0.7em; /* normally, superscripts and subscripts are css “smaller”, or about 0.83em */ } sup { position: relative; left: 0; bottom: 0.1em; } 	i+sup, i>sup { /* with italics */ margin-left: 0.2em; /* typographic thin space */ } sub { position: relative; left: 0; top: 0.2em; }

 * I tried it out, but there's one clear problem primâ facie — it adds the margin before the superscript when the superscript only is italicised; it should only add the margin when the preceding text is italicised. Is that fixable? Sorry for the terse response; I'll respond more fully tomorrow. — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 10:28, 20 March 2012 (UTC)

 * See if this fixes it. I haven't had time to test this one. —Michael Z. 2012-03-22 15:37 z

/* fix raised and lowered text */ sup, sub { line-height: 1em; /* neutralize extra line spacing */ font-size: 0.7em; /* normally, superscripts and subscripts are css “smaller”, or about 0.83em */ } sup { position: relative; left: 0; bottom: 0.1em; } 	i+sup, i>sup { /* with italics */ margin-left: 0.2em; /* typographic thin space */ } 		i>sup:first-child { /* but no margin if the superscript is the first item in italics */ margin-left: 0; } sub { position: relative; left: 0; top: 0.2em; }

 * I've done my own tweaking and ended up with this:

/* fix raised and lowered text */ sup, sub { line-height: 1em; /* neutralize extra line spacing */ font-size: 0.7em; /* normally, superscripts and subscripts are css “smaller”, or about 0.83em */ } sup { position: relative; left: 0; bottom: 0.1em; }        i+sup, i>sup { /* with italics */ margin-left: 0.2em; /* typographic thin space */ }                i>sup:first-child { /* but no margin if the superscript is the first item in italics */ margin-left: 0; } sub { position: relative; left: 0; bottom: 0.3em; }

 * However, the characters are too bunched together when both are italicised; I know not why. How much of this is going into the public style sheet? — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 17:22, 26 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Nothing, yet. —Michael Z. 2012-03-26 19:29 z

 * I meant how much will be…? — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 20:09, 26 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Good question. I think the line-height fix might be a good idea for all superscripts. It improves the design in several browsers, and is probably otherwise harmless. The font-size fix is overriding the browser's default rendering, but I'm not sure that browser makers have done a great job with this in the first place.

 * The spacing adjustments, on the other hand, are overriding the detailed rendering of the particular typefaces we are using, and they might be just as likely to make rendering worse in some browser–OS combination as they are of making it better in ours. Also, the CSS can't account for every combination of markup that italicizes the superscripts – I can probably work around the bunched-together problem you mention, but there are probably dozens of other combinations of em, i, cite, and other tags that I can't account for without writing dozens of over-specialized CSS declarations. —Michael Z. 2012-04-01 01:01 z

 * After having looked at User:Doremítzwr/super- and subscript æquivalencies on a number of computers, I am disappointed to find that display is frequently inconsistent vis-à-vis italicisation and horizontal spacing. The line-height fix is the only thing that always works. Oh well, perhaps this is something we can't fix completely. Could you go ahead and make the appropriate changes to the public CSS please? — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 14:19, 5 April 2012 (UTC)

 * Adding the line-height fix to MediaWiki:Common.css. Not changing the font-size and distance above the baseline (so the browser sets them). —Michael Z. 2012-04-06 05:34 z

 * Thanks. — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 10:22, 9 April 2012 (UTC)

Non-standard
Are we really taking a vote to contravene both HTML and Unicode standards? Seriously?

 * HTML5: “The [HTML]  element represents superscript.”
 * HTML5: “The  element represents subscript.”
 * Unicode 6.0: “Superscript modifier letters are intended for cases where the letters carry a specific meaning, as in phonetic transcription systems, and are not a substitute for generic styling mechanisms for superscripting of text, as for footnotes, mathematical and chemical expressions, and the like.” (p 229)

They're standards, people! You can't just do something they explicitly forbid and pretend you're not wrecking your own work.

Majty  is spelled em-ay-jay-tee-wye. That's the abbreviation Majty, or perhaps Maj-ty, with superscripted English letters ty, for clarity and economy in dense writing. Unicode's modifier letter code points do not represent the alphabetics t and y, as used in English words. They don't even have all 26 Latin letters, because these are meant for a completely different use. (Are we also planning on adding entries for English Mr, Comr , Comrs , Archd , Depty , Qu , Rts , Esqr , decd , ad nauseam?)

As to Microsoft's shitty default behaviour of forcing people to write with raised ordinals, that's the result of some software engineer showing his pointy-haired boss how frightfully clever he was, and, sadly, the idiot ran with it. Whoever added that feature to the software knew squat about good typography. In running text, just plain l.c. like 10th is better, but there's no reason to decorate functional writing like a dictionary with ordinals anyway. —Michael Z. 2012-03-11 22:48 z

 * Unicode charts also give specific guidelines, for example:

 * “Phonetic Extensions, Range: 1D00–1D7F” (v 6.1, 2012): “These are non-IPA phonetic extensions, mostly for the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet (UPA). The small capitals, superscript, and subscript forms are for phonetic representations where style variations are semantically important. For general text, use regular Latin, Greek or Cyrillic letters with markup instead.”

 * “Spacing Modifier Letters, Range: 02B0–02FF” (v 6.1, 2012): “r MODIFIER LETTER SMALL R [. . .] preceding four used for r-coloring or r-offglides”

 * The current explicit guidelines underscore the intent that the standard has maintained for the use of these modifier code points, for over a decade:

 * Unicode 3.0, (2000) p 177, “Latin Superscripts. Graphically, some of the phonetic modifier signs are raised or super-scripted, some are lowered or subscripted, and some are vertically centered. Only those few forms that have specific usage in IPA or other major phonetic systems are encoded.”

 * —Michael Z. 2012-03-13 15:28 z

 * I just created, quod vide. Does it say what you want it to say? — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 14:25, 17 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Thank you. Of course it's better to actually see what we're talking about. Do you know if the usage as a raised letter is attested independently three times over a one-year span, in English, French, or any other language?

 * I have to do some thinking about this. We create entries for symbols as lexical items, in addition to terms, but our necessary reliance on Unicode makes it feel natural to “define” code points (which are not lexical items, but a way to represent them). The latter often corresponds to the former, but it's easy to lose sight that the concept is fundamentally different. This problem is not about to go away. —Michael Z. 2012-03-18 00:20 z

 * Well, and  get some Google-Groups hits, but none from Usenet that I can find. It'd be really tedious to find more, since searching for <tt>ʳ</tt> doesn't return hits for it when it forms a part of longer strings. There are also the two Usenet uses that I found of, but they're from the same person in the same Usenet group, so they count as just one citation for our purposes. — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 10:24, 20 March 2012 (UTC)

Status quo
Voters can also explicitly vote for the status quo, if they prefer the lack of regulation to both of the proposed regulations.

The status quo is not “lack of regulation.” We don't use XML, TeX, OPML, SGML, Markdown, Setext, or Textile, and we don't just make up new stuff on a whim.

The status quo is that we use Wikitext, HTML, and CSS.

By consensus we use HTML, implicit in the community-developed MediaWiki software, and explicit in every web page's DTD. HTML relies on the Unicode standard, and this is also declared in the meta Content-Type tag in every web page. There's also an unchallenged page saying “Wiktionary uses Unicode encoding.”

Questions with such technical precision as this one may not come up too often, but when they do, the way to resolve them is by consulting our long-established standards, not by declaring a free-for-all and requiring us to vote for in every HTML tag and every Unicode code point.

If you explicitly contravene these standards, without any vote supporting you, then you're going against community consensus. —Michael Z. 2012-03-12 00:03 z

 * Er, so are you claiming that the status quo is to use th, or that the status quo is to use ᵗʰ? (I know you well enough to be certain that you mean the former, but in effort to emphasize the supposed self-evidence of your position, you've intentionally failed to make that explicit.) —Ruakh TALK 00:40, 12 March 2012 (UTC)

 * I think the previous section makes it clear he wants th.--Prosfilaes (talk) 02:12, 12 March 2012 (UTC)

 * I am claiming that the status quo is not “you can use a Unicode code point to be whatever you feel like because we haven't specifically voted on using Unicode.” I am claiming that the “status quo” choice provided in the vote misrepresents our consensus treatment of HTML and Unicode, and it shouldn't imply that anything goes. The wording in the vote makes it sound like using Latin modifier letters for superscripts in English words is okay because we haven't disallowed it, but actually it's not okay at all, because it directly contravenes the standards that we have agreed on as the basis for our work here.

 * (For me it follows that we should follow the standards and represent superscripts with, but that is a separate question which I spoke to above, in .) —Michael Z. 2012-03-12 04:58 z

 * Come to think of it, the vote's wording is completely biased, and doesn't address the direct ramifications of the choices. I will edit boldly. —Michael Z. 2012-03-12 05:08 z

 * Searchability is another issue. A text search for "majty" will not find "maj + SYMBOL RESEMBLING t + SYMBOL RESEMBLING y". As someone commented above, the letters in "majty" are supposed to be the letters t and y, just written smaller. Equinox ◑ 15:11, 12 March 2012 (UTC)

 * They are found in searches; for example, undefined: is the second search result that appears when one searches for undefined:. — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 15:30, 12 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Can we rely on all search engines making this equivalence (Google, Yahoo etc.) and not just our internal one, which is less commonly used? And should we rely on it, given the violation of standards? Equinox ◑ 15:32, 12 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Search engines do assign similarity or equivalence into various search terms (e.g., cafe and café). The details of their algorithms are unknowable and ever-changing. It doesn't pay to go crazy with SEO or second-guess them too much. We can improve searchability and ensure forwards-compatibility by applying standards correctly to our work. —Michael Z. 2012-03-12 15:53 z

starting the vote
I prefer it when we reach consensus on what to do, and do that, without a vote, and it actually seems we have got a consensus here (or are you still holding out for modifiers, Raif?), but I suppose this vote should be started, anyway. I'll set it to start a week from now; push it back as necessary. - -sche (discuss) 23:13, 13 March 2012 (UTC)

 * If Michael fixes the  and  tags, as he says he can in, I'll drop my insistence on using modifier letters for super- and subscribing, except in cases where modifier letters are shown to have been used and which might lead a person to look them up here using copy-and-paste searching (I refer to cases like undefined:, discussed in ; my impression is that that exception is part of the consensus, too). Given that, I would hope that we'd agree to present these forms using  or , including in page titles by using <tt> </tt>, as in the case of . — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 00:22, 14 March 2012 (UTC)

POV in the vote options
Regarding this change to the vote:

 * Undo revision 16422823 by Mzajac (talk): those changes "load" the vote (introduce a lot of POV); the points have already been made in the BP and now the talk page.

Sche, Option 1 sets a precedent for routinely ignoring the open Web's standards, which are a cornerstone of Wikimedia's and Wiktionary's accessibility, quality, and openness. It's the most important thing about this vote. To obscure this fact from the vote is highly biased. —Michael Z. 2012-03-14 02:01 z

 * Some editors have expressed their preference that votes not include rationales at all; those editors suggest that the talk page and discussions that precede the vote are the place to express the rationales and arguments for an against the vote. I get that you feel very strongly about this, but perhaps other editors will chime in with regard to the changes. - -sche (discuss) 20:55, 15 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Understood. But this isn't the rationale behind what we're voting to do, this is what we're voting to do. The vote's wording could be much simpler, clearer, and more accurate if it said something along the lines of 1. Enter text according to the Unicode standard, 2. Allow violations of the Unicode standard as long as the glyphs look right in a visual browser. —Michael Z. 2012-03-18 00:46 z


text: 血玛丽

title: 血玛丽


text:
血瑪麗

Noun

 * 1) bloody mary

title: 血瑪麗


text: 迈步

title: 迈步


text:
邁步

Verb

 * 1) to stride forward; to forge ahead

title: 邁步


text:
魏瑪共和國

Proper noun

 * 1)  Weimar Republic

title: 魏瑪共和國


text: 魏玛共和国

title: 魏玛共和国


text:
燕子

Noun

 * 1) swallow bird

Noun

 * 1)  shuttlecock used in jianzi

title: 燕子


text:
埋葬

Verb

 * 1) to bury (the dead); to inter
 * 2)  to wipe out; to eliminate
 * 3)  to hide; to conceal; to cover

Synonyms

Noun

 * 1) burial (of a body or ashes)

Verb

 * 1) bury (a body or ashes)

title: 埋葬


text:
埋藏

Verb

 * 1) to bury
 * 2)  to cover up; to hide

Synonyms

title: 埋藏


text:
crystal dick

Noun

 * 1)   caused by methamphetamine use or other drug use.
 * 2)  A penis that is flaccid as a result of methamphetamine or other drug use.
 * 1)  A penis that is flaccid as a result of methamphetamine or other drug use.
 * 1)  A penis that is flaccid as a result of methamphetamine or other drug use.
 * 1)  A penis that is flaccid as a result of methamphetamine or other drug use.
 * 1)  A penis that is flaccid as a result of methamphetamine or other drug use.

Synonyms

 * Thesaurus:erectile dysfunction

title: crystal dick


text: crystal dicks

title: crystal dicks


text: 脉搏

title: 脉搏


text:
脈搏

Noun

 * 1)  pulse;  sign of the times

title: 脈搏


text:
ridealong

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) The act of accompanying, or volunteering with, a police, paramedic, or firefighting group, usually by a student seeking hands-on experience.
 * 2) * 1996, Mohamed S. El-Genk (University of New Mexico, Institute for Space and Nuclear Power Studies, United States Defense Nuclear Agency), Space Technology and Applications International Forum, link:
 * It is these small payload experiments that could potentially benefit from low cost ridealong opportunities.
 * 1) * 2006, Edward J. Glantz (Pennsylvania State University), Challenges supporting cognitive activities in dynamic work, page 46:
 * The ridealong probe questions used to initiate the unstructured interviews are listed in Appendix A.
 * 1) One who participates in this.
 * 1) One who participates in this.

Translations

 * Spanish:

title: ridealong


text:
ride along

Verb

 * 1) To go for a ride with another or others; especially, to join police officers on their patrol in a patrol car.

title: ride along


text: 绰号

title: 绰号


text:
綽號

Noun

 * 1) nickname; alias; sobriquet

title: 綽號


text: ride alongs

title: ride alongs


text: ridealongs

title: ridealongs


text:
hácker

Usage notes
This spelling occurs in practice, but does not conform the RAE orthography, according to which the word should either conserve the original spelling (without the accent mark) and be written in italics or quotation marks, or be adapted into the Spanish spelling: while aspirated h is accepted, ck should be adapted to k or qu. See jáquer for a valid adaptation.

title: hácker


text: háckers

title: háckers


text:
kinh giới

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) Vietnamese balm

title: kinh giới


text: accompanyings

title: accompanyings


text: enlihtan

title: enlihtan


text:
Vietnamese balm

Noun

 * 1) A Southeast Asian herb used in food for its lemon flavor, especially in Vietnamese cuisine,

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, 香茹,
 * Finnish:
 * French: kinh gioi, baume vietnamien
 * German: Kammminze
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Spanish: bálsamo vietnamita
 * Thai:
 * Vietnamese:

title: Vietnamese balm


text:
Talk:collegiality

Comment
Somehow "power and authority" is not what comes to mind when I use this word. -- OlEnglish (Talk) 03:37, 20 February 2012 (UTC)
 * Sure, what exactly comes to your mind, if you don't mind imparting your knowledge. Jamesjiao → T ◊ C

title: Talk:collegiality


text:
َ

Letter

 * 1) fatḥa, indicates a short  or its cognates, indicates a long  if followed by an.

Letter

 * 1) a vowel sign of Kashmiri.


text: Category:Arabic diacritical marks

title: Category:Arabic diacritical marks


text:
ُ

Letter

 * 1) ḍamma –  – indicates a short  or its cognates, indicates a long  if followed by a.

Letter

 * 1) a vowel sign of Kashmiri.

Pronunciation

Letter

 * 1)  pēš a short vowel diacritic, representing a 'short u'. It also indicates a long /uː/ if followed by a
 * 2)  piš a vowel diacritic indicating an 'o' sound.


text:
ِ

Letter

 * 1) kasra, indicates a short  or its cognates, indicates a long  if followed by a.

Letter

 * 1) a vowel sign of Kashmiri.

Pronunciation

 * Letter name:
 * Phoneme:
 * Dari has lost terminal short vowels, excluding ~.
 * Phoneme:
 * Dari has lost terminal short vowels, excluding ~.
 * Dari has lost terminal short vowels, excluding ~.
 * Dari has lost terminal short vowels, excluding ~.
 * Dari has lost terminal short vowels, excluding ~.
 * Dari has lost terminal short vowels, excluding ~.
 * Dari has lost terminal short vowels, excluding ~.
 * Dari has lost terminal short vowels, excluding ~.

Letter

 * 1) a vowel diacritic in Persian.

Forms
The vowel / in its initial form is اِ, middle form ِ , and final form ه|ںِه

Usage notes
If the diacritic is written in its middle form at the end of a word, that usually indicates that the vowel is pronounced because of / and is not part of the word itself.


text:
piola

Noun

 * 1) axe

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) thin rope
 * 2) a messy ending of old string or wires
 * 3) firecracker
 * 1) firecracker

Etymology 2
, of.

Adjective

 * 1)  agreeable, charming, pleasant, having good countenance
 * 2)  awesome; cool
 * 3)  astute, quick-witted
 * 4)  quiet, calm, relaxed person
 * 5)  secret, hidden, unnoticed, discreet thing
 * 1)  secret, hidden, unnoticed, discreet thing

title: piola


text:
Thai basil

Noun

 * 1) A type of sweet basil from Southeast Asia, notable for the anise/tarragon overtones in its flavor, and for the attractive purple color of the leaves and bracts in its flower spikes.

Translations

 * Khmer:
 * Lao: ໂຫຣະພາ
 * Thai:
 * Vietnamese:

title: Thai basil


text:
triquitraque

Noun

 * 1) firecracker

title: triquitraque


text:
witewold

Etymology
Likely from a blend of witen + cokewold.

Noun

 * 1) A man who is obliging about his wife's infidelity; an acquiescent cuckold
 * Pseudo prophetes, false sodomytes, Quelmers of chyldren, with fornycatours, Wetewoldes that suffre syn in her syghtes, Auouterers, & abhominable auauntours Of syn ... These were the comons came thedyr that day Redy bowne in batayll Vertew to abyde. — The Assembly of Gods, c1500

Descendants

 * wittol

title: witewold


text:
bréagrabhadh

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) false alarm

title: bréagrabhadh


text:
rabhadh bréige

Noun

 * 1) false alarm

title: rabhadh bréige


text: Category:hi:Herbs

title: Category:hi:Herbs


text: Category:hi:Spices and herbs

title: Category:hi:Spices and herbs


text: Category:hi:Spices

title: Category:hi:Spices


text:
तुलसी

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) holy basil

Etymology
, ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1) basil

title: तुलसी


text:
ràbhadh

Noun

 * 1) vital spark

title: ràbhadh


text: radhadh

title: radhadh


text: fradhaidh

title: fradhaidh


text:
fiar-rabhadh

Noun

 * 1) innuendo

title: fiar-rabhadh


text:
lemon basil

Noun

 * 1) Any Southeast Asian basil of species, notable for the lemon/citrus overtones to its flavor.

Translations

 * Indonesian:
 * Lao: ຜັກອີ່ຕູ່
 * Thai:
 * Vietnamese:

title: lemon basil


text:
kemangi

Noun

 * 1) lemon basil

title: kemangi


text: Category:id:Herbs

title: Category:id:Herbs


text: Category:th:Herbs

title: Category:th:Herbs


text:
แมงลัก

Noun

 * 1) lemon basil.

title: แมงลัก


text: Citations:romney

title: Citations:romney


text: lemon basils

title: lemon basils


text: Category:vi:Herbs

title: Category:vi:Herbs


text: Category:vi:Spices

title: Category:vi:Spices


text:
girsha

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  A young girl.

title: girsha


text:
Vietnamese coriander

Noun

 * , a cilantro-flavored herb used in Vietnamese cuisine.

Translations

 * Burmese:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 越南香菜
 * Khmer:, ជីរពងទាកូន
 * Lao: ຜັກແພວ
 * Malay: daun kesum, daun laksa
 * Manipuri: ꯐꯛꯄꯥꯢ
 * Russian: горец ароматный
 * Thai: ผักแพว
 * Vietnamese:

title: Vietnamese coriander


text:
débol

Etymology
From. Compare Italian, Istriot , , Venetian.

Adjective

 * 1) weak
 * 2) dim
 * 3) faint

title: débol


text:
garland chrysanthemum

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) An herb eaten in Asia as greens,.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Hokkien: 塘蒿, 苳蒿
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Finnish: kruunusuvikakkara
 * German: Kronenwucherblume, Speisechrysantheme, Salatchrysantheme, Garland-Chrysantheme
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: βοάνθεμον
 * Japanese:, シュンギク
 * Korean:
 * Maltese: lellux
 * Russian: хризанте́ма уве́нчанная, хризанте́ма овощна́я, хризанте́ма сала́тная
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: tango
 * Thai:
 * Vietnamese: tần ô

title: garland chrysanthemum


text: garland chrysanthemums

title: garland chrysanthemums


text:
סא״ל

Noun

 * 1)  lieutenant colonel:

title: סא״ל


text: Category:th:Spices

title: Category:th:Spices


text:
caninophile

Noun

 * 1) Someone who loves dogs.

Translations

 * Azerbaijani: itbaz

title: caninophile


text: caninophiles

title: caninophiles


text:
อบเชย

Noun

 * 1) cinnamon.

title: อบเชย


text:
จันทน์เทศ

Noun

 * 1) nutmeg.

title: จันทน์เทศ


text:
กานพลู

Etymology
or. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) clove.

title: กานพลู


text:
volterriano

Adjective

 * 1) Voltairian

title: volterriano


text: voltolando

title: voltolando


text:
voltolare

Etymology
Probably from a, from , past participle of.

Verb

 * 1) to roll (a boulder, a barrel, etc.)
 * 2) to cause to twist and turn

title: voltolare


text: voltolante

title: voltolante


text: voltolato

title: voltolato


text: voltolati

title: voltolati


text: voltolata

title: voltolata


text: voltolo

title: voltolo


text: voltoli

title: voltoli


text: voltola

title: voltola


text: voltoliamo

title: voltoliamo


text: voltolate

title: voltolate


text: voltolano

title: voltolano


text: voltolavo

title: voltolavo


text: voltolavi

title: voltolavi


text: voltolava

title: voltolava


text: voltolavamo

title: voltolavamo


text: voltolavate

title: voltolavate


text: voltolavano

title: voltolavano


text: voltolai

title: voltolai


text:
voltolarsi

Verb

 * 1) to roll
 * 2) to twist and turn
 * 3) to toss and turn
 * 4) to wallow
 * 1) to wallow

title: voltolarsi


text: voltolasti

title: voltolasti


text: voltolò

title: voltolò


text: voltolammo

title: voltolammo


text: voltolaste

title: voltolaste


text: voltolarono

title: voltolarono


text: voltolerò

title: voltolerò


text: voltolerai

title: voltolerai


text: voltolerà

title: voltolerà


text: voltoleremo

title: voltoleremo


text: voltolerete

title: voltolerete


text: voltoleranno

title: voltoleranno


text: voltolerei

title: voltolerei


text: voltoleresti

title: voltoleresti


text: voltolerebbe

title: voltolerebbe


text: voltoleremmo

title: voltoleremmo


text: voltolereste

title: voltolereste


text: voltolerebbero

title: voltolerebbero


text: voltoliate

title: voltoliate


text: voltolassi

title: voltolassi


text: voltolasse

title: voltolasse


text: voltolassimo

title: voltolassimo


text: voltolassero

title: voltolassero


text: voltolarmi

title: voltolarmi


text: voltolarti

title: voltolarti


text: voltolarci

title: voltolarci


text: voltolarvi

title: voltolarvi


text: voltolandosi

title: voltolandosi


text: voltolandomi

title: voltolandomi


text: voltolandoti

title: voltolandoti


text: voltolandoci

title: voltolandoci


text: voltolandovi

title: voltolandovi


text: voltoliamoci

title: voltoliamoci


text: voltolatevi

title: voltolatevi


text:
voltoloni

Adverb

 * 1) rolling about

title: voltoloni


text:
volumenometro

Noun

 * 1) volumenometer

title: volumenometro


text:
volvolo

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) volvulus

title: volvolo


text:
vomitativo

Adjective

 * 1) emetic

Noun

 * 1) emetic

title: vomitativo


text:
vomizione

Noun

 * 1) vomition, vomiting

title: vomizione


text:
vongolista

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) clam fisher

title: vongolista


text:
vortale

Noun

 * 1)  vortal

title: vortale


text:
vorticismo

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  vorticism

title: vorticismo


text:
vorticista

Noun

 * 1)  vorticist

Noun

 * 1) vorticist

title: vorticista


text:
Vosgi

Proper noun

 * 1) Vosges

title: Vosgi


text:
votaccio

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) black mark (bad grade)

title: votaccio


text:
voyeuristico

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) voyeuristic

title: voyeuristico


text: volgarizzazioni

title: volgarizzazioni


text: volizioni

title: volizioni


text: volontarismi

title: volontarismi


text: volovelismi

title: volovelismi


text: volovelisti

title: volovelisti


text: voloveliste

title: voloveliste


text: volpaie

title: volpaie


text: voltametri

title: voltametri


text: voltamperometri

title: voltamperometri


text: voltamperori

title: voltamperori


text: voltamperorametri

title: voltamperorametri


text: volteggiatori

title: volteggiatori


text: voltelettroni

title: voltelettroni


text: volterrane

title: volterrane


text: volumenometri

title: volumenometri


text: volatilizzabili

title: volatilizzabili


text: volvoli

title: volvoli


text: volontaristica

title: volontaristica


text: vomitativi

title: vomitativi


text: volontaristici

title: volontaristici


text: vomizioni

title: vomizioni


text: volontaristiche

title: volontaristiche


text: vongolisti

title: vongolisti


text: vortali

title: vortali


text: volonterosa

title: volonterosa


text: vorticismi

title: vorticismi


text: volonterosi

title: volonterosi


text: vorticisti

title: vorticisti


text: vorticiste

title: vorticiste


text: volonterose

title: volonterose


text: votacci

title: votacci


text: volovelistica

title: volovelistica


text: volovelistici

title: volovelistici


text: volovelistiche

title: volovelistiche


text: volsca

title: volsca


text: volsci

title: volsci


text: volsche

title: volsche


text: volterriana

title: volterriana


text: volterriani

title: volterriani


text: volterriane

title: volterriane


text: vomitativa

title: vomitativa


text: vomitative

title: vomitative


text: voyeuristica

title: voyeuristica


text: voyeuristici

title: voyeuristici


text: voyeuristiche

title: voyeuristiche


text:
Celestial Empire

Etymology
.

Proper noun

 * 1) Empire of China

Derived terms

 * a person from the Celestial Empire

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 天朝
 * Mandarin:
 * French:, Empire Céleste
 * German: himmlisches Reich
 * Japanese:
 * Korean: 천조국
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: Imperio celeste
 * Ukrainian: Піднебе́сна

title: Celestial Empire


text:
Son of Heaven

Etymology
, from the Emperor having the Mandate of Heaven.

Proper noun

 * 1)  Emperor of China

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish: Taivaan poika
 * French:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Manchu: ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠵᡠᡳ
 * Polish: bogdychan
 * Russian: Сын Не́ба
 * Spanish: Hijo del Cielo
 * Vietnamese:

title: Son of Heaven


text:
wahabismo

Etymology
, ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1) Wahhabism

title: wahabismo


text:
wahabita

Adjective

 * 1) Wahhabite

Noun

 * 1) Wahhabite

title: wahabita


text:
walkiria

Etymology
From, from + , from.

Noun

 * 1)  valkyrie

title: walkiria


text:
webliografia

Noun

 * 1)  webliography

title: webliografia


text:
würstel

Etymology
Borrowed from Southern, diminutive of.

Noun

 * 1) frankfurter, wiener, Vienna sausage, hot dog

title: würstel


text:
Xanto

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1) Xanthus

title: Xanto


text: xères

title: xères


text:
Inner Tibet

Proper noun

 * 1)  the area of high ethnic Tibetan populations that are outside of the area roughly equivalent to the Tibetan Autonomous Region, but inside of China

Usage notes
Used during the early 20th century, when the region of Greater Tibet was disputed, and Chinese control of Outer Tibet was theoretical, but control of Inner Tibet had more substance.

title: Inner Tibet


text:
Outer Tibet

Proper noun

 * 1)  The area of predominantly ethnic Tibetan populations that is roughly equivalent to the Tibet Autonomous Region

Usage notes
Used during the early 20th century, when the region of Greater Tibet was disputed, and Chinese control of Outer Tibet was theoretical, but control of Inner Tibet was more substantial.

title: Outer Tibet


text:
xifoforo

Noun

 * 1) xiphophorus (of the genus )

title: xifoforo


text:
xilidina

Noun

 * 1)  xylidine

title: xilidina


text: Category:it:Distilled beverages

title: Category:it:Distilled beverages


text:
xografia

Noun

 * 1)  Xography

title: xografia


text:
South Tibet

Etymology
.

Proper noun

 * 1)  Those areas located south of the, which are administered as the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh, and claimed by China as a part of Tibet.
 * 1)  Those areas located south of the, which are administered as the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh, and claimed by China as a part of Tibet.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Japanese:

title: South Tibet


text:
yamatologo

Noun

 * 1) Japanologist

title: yamatologo


text:
yoghin

Noun

 * 1) yogi, yogin

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) yogi

title: yoghin


text: Tibetan Autonomous Region

title: Tibetan Autonomous Region


text: yprite

title: yprite


text:
zalcitabina

Noun

 * 1)  zalcitabine

title: zalcitabina


text: zangolando

title: zangolando


text: zangolante

title: zangolante


text: zangolato

title: zangolato


text: zangolati

title: zangolati


text: zangolata

title: zangolata


text:
zangolare

Verb

 * 1)  to churn

title: zangolare


text: zangolo

title: zangolo


text: zangoli

title: zangoli


text: zangoliamo

title: zangoliamo


text: zangolate

title: zangolate


text: zangolano

title: zangolano


text: zangolavo

title: zangolavo


text: zangolavi

title: zangolavi


text: zangolava

title: zangolava


text: zangolavamo

title: zangolavamo


text: zangolavate

title: zangolavate


text: zangolavano

title: zangolavano


text: zangolai

title: zangolai


text: zangolasti

title: zangolasti


text: zangolò

title: zangolò


text: zangolammo

title: zangolammo


text: zangolaste

title: zangolaste


text: zangolarono

title: zangolarono


text: zangolerò

title: zangolerò


text: zangolerai

title: zangolerai


text: zangolerà

title: zangolerà


text: zangoleremo

title: zangoleremo


text: zangolerete

title: zangolerete


text: zangoleranno

title: zangoleranno


text: zangolerei

title: zangolerei


text: zangoleresti

title: zangoleresti


text: zangolerebbe

title: zangolerebbe


text: zangoleremmo

title: zangoleremmo


text: zangolereste

title: zangolereste


text: zangolerebbero

title: zangolerebbero


text: zangoliate

title: zangoliate


text: zangolino

title: zangolino


text: zangolassi

title: zangolassi


text: zangolasse

title: zangolasse


text: zangolassimo

title: zangolassimo


text: zangolassero

title: zangolassero


text:
zangolatore

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) churner (person)

title: zangolatore


text:
zangolatura

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) churning (of cream to make butter)

title: zangolatura


text:
zannata

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) a blow from a fang or tusk
 * 2)  a mark left by such a blow

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1)  an act of buffoonery  silliness

title: zannata


text:
South Manchuria

Proper noun

 * 1) the region of Japanese control of Northeast China, prior to the establishment of Manchukuo

Usage notes
South Manchuria is an extension of the South Manchuria Railway Zone, where the Japanese Empire extended control from its concession zone (the zone around the rail line) out into Manchuria

title: South Manchuria


text:
zanni

Etymology
From, from , alteration of the given name , itself a hypocorism for.

Noun

 * 1)  a character type representing a servant who is either an astute trickster or a silly jester
 * 2)  a zany person; fool, buffoon, clown

title: zanni


text:
zannuto

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) tusked; toothed; fanged

title: zannuto


text:
Inner Manchuria

Etymology
Distinguishing this region of Greater Manchuria from from the perspective of China proper. Cf. .

Proper noun

 * 1)  as the three northeastern provinces of China.

title: Inner Manchuria


text:
zanza

Noun

 * 1)  A kind of thumb piano from Africa.

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1)  swindler, fraudster

title: zanza


text:
Outer Manchuria

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

The 21st century sense referring to territories ceded by China to Russia in the 19th century seems to have been popularized with the May 2004 creation of a Wikipedia article for Outer Manchuria; it may be an instance of citogenesis. The same article may also be the source of Inner Manchuria referring to Manchuria (all northeast China).

Proper noun

 * 1)  The part of Russia near northeastern China (including Primorsky Krai and other nearby areas) which was annexed by the Russian Empire in the mid 19th century understood as part of Manchuria; similar or equivalent to Russian Manchuria.
 * 2)   (a region of northeast China/Manchuria)
 * 3)  Any proverbially distant or remote place.
 * 1)   (a region of northeast China/Manchuria)
 * 2)  Any proverbially distant or remote place.
 * 1)   (a region of northeast China/Manchuria)
 * 2)  Any proverbially distant or remote place.
 * 1)   (a region of northeast China/Manchuria)
 * 2)  Any proverbially distant or remote place.
 * 1)   (a region of northeast China/Manchuria)
 * 2)  Any proverbially distant or remote place.
 * 1)  Any proverbially distant or remote place.
 * 1)  Any proverbially distant or remote place.
 * 1)  Any proverbially distant or remote place.

Usage notes
In 21st century usage in English, the term Outer Manchuria most often refers specifically to territories ceded by the Qing Dynasty (Manchu) to the Russian Empire in 1858 and 1860. This sense is closely associated with discussions of irredentism. However, in 20th century usage, Outer Manchuria or outer Manchuria refers to remote parts of Manchuria or northeast China in a more general sense. Additionally, Outer Manchuria can be used in a figurative sense like Timbuktu to refer to a proverbially remote location.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:

title: Outer Manchuria


text:
zanzaricida

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) mosquito insecticide

title: zanzaricida


text:
zanzarifugo

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) mosquito-repellent

title: zanzarifugo


text:
zapatista

Adjective

 * 1) Zapatista

Noun

 * 1) Zapatista

Adjective

 * 1) Zapatist

Noun

 * 1) Zapatista

title: zapatista


text:
zappaterra

Noun

 * 1) hoer; farm labourer, peasant
 * 2) boor, lout

title: zappaterra


text:
zappatrice

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) plough
 * 2) weeder

title: zappatrice


text:
zappatura

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) hoeing

title: zappatura


text:
zappone

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) mattock

title: zappone


text:
zarevic

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) tsarevich

title: zarevic


text:
zarismo

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) czarism, tsarism

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) czarism

title: zarismo


text:
zazzeruto

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) long-haired

title: zazzeruto


text:
zebedei

Noun

 * 1) balls, ballocks

title: zebedei


text:
Zebedeo

Proper noun

 * 1) Zebedee

Proper noun

 * 1) Zebedee

title: Zebedeo


text:
zebratura

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) zebra (black and white) stripes

title: zebratura


text:
zendado

Noun

 * 1) sendal
 * 2) black shawl

title: zendado


text:
zendàle

Noun

 * 1) sendal
 * 2) black shawl

title: zendàle


text: zendale

title: zendale


text:
zerovalente

Adjective

 * 1)  zerovalent

title: zerovalente


text:
უწიგნური

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) illiterate (Lacking of familiarity with language and literature, or having little formal education.)

title: უწიგნური


text:
gueridon

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) A small table supported by one or more columns, or sculptural human or mythological figures, often with a circular top.

title: gueridon


text:
zerovalent

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  Having a valency of zero

Translations

 * French:
 * Italian: zerovalente
 * Romanian:

Etymology
.

title: zerovalent


text:
heptavalent

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  Having an atomic valence of 7.
 * 2)  Having a vaccine valence of 7.

Translations

 * Czech: sedmimocný

Etymology
.

title: heptavalent


text:
guéridon

Etymology
After a character in the play Conférence d’Antitus, Panurge et Gueridon (1614).

Noun

 * 1) gueridon small round table

title: guéridon


text:
zeugmatico

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) zeugmatic

title: zeugmatico


text:
zibetto

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) civet
 * 2) cat-like animal, feline

title: zibetto


text:
zigena

Noun

 * 1) burnet moth

title: zigena


text:
Zimbabwano

Adjective

 * 1) Zimbabwean

title: Zimbabwano


text:
zimbabwese

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Zimbabwean

title: zimbabwese


text: zimbellando

title: zimbellando


text: zimbellante

title: zimbellante


text:
zimbellare

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to lure (birds) with a decoy
 * 2)  to lure (birds) with a decoy
 * 3)  to entice, to lure

title: zimbellare


text: zimbellato

title: zimbellato


text: zimbellati

title: zimbellati


text: zimbellata

title: zimbellata


text: zimbella

title: zimbella


text: zimbelliamo

title: zimbelliamo


text: zimbellate

title: zimbellate


text: zimbellano

title: zimbellano


text: zimbellavo

title: zimbellavo


text: zimbellavi

title: zimbellavi


text: zimbellava

title: zimbellava


text: zimbellavamo

title: zimbellavamo


text: zimbellavate

title: zimbellavate


text: zimbellavano

title: zimbellavano


text: zimbellai

title: zimbellai


text: zimbellasti

title: zimbellasti


text: zimbellò

title: zimbellò


text: zimbellammo

title: zimbellammo


text: zimbellaste

title: zimbellaste


text: zimbellarono

title: zimbellarono


text: zimbellerò

title: zimbellerò


text: zimbellerai

title: zimbellerai


text: zimbellerà

title: zimbellerà


text: zimbelleremo

title: zimbelleremo


text: zimbellerete

title: zimbellerete


text: zimbelleranno

title: zimbelleranno


text: zimbellerei

title: zimbellerei


text: zimbelleresti

title: zimbelleresti


text: zimbellerebbe

title: zimbellerebbe


text: zimbelleremmo

title: zimbelleremmo


text: zimbellereste

title: zimbellereste


text: zimbellerebbero

title: zimbellerebbero


text: zimbelliate

title: zimbelliate


text: zimbellino

title: zimbellino


text: zimbellassi

title: zimbellassi


text: zimbellasse

title: zimbellasse


text: zimbellassimo

title: zimbellassimo


text: zimbellassero

title: zimbellassero


text:
zinale

Noun

 * 1) apron

title: zinale


text:
FUBARed

Etymology
From the acronym "Fucked Up Beyond All Recognition (or Repair)".

Adjective

 * 1) Very fucked up to the extent that repair is impossible.

title: FUBARed


text:
zincaggio

Noun

 * 1)  Parkes process

title: zincaggio


text:
Parkes process

Etymology
For Alexander Parkes, English metallurgist

Noun

 * 1)  A process for removing silver from lead by preferential solution in liquid zinc

Translations

 * Italian: zincaggio

title: Parkes process


text:
zincatore

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) galvanizer

title: zincatore


text:
zincografo

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) zincographer

title: zincografo


text:
zincotipia

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) zincography
 * 2) zincograph
 * 1) zincograph

title: zincotipia


text:
zincotipista

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) zincographer

title: zincotipista


text:
zippabile

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  zippable

title: zippabile


text:
ziqqurat

Noun

 * 1) ziggurat, zikkurat

title: ziqqurat


text:
zittio

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) shushing

title: zittio


text:
zizza

Etymology
Probably of  origin, from, from , similar to 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  boob, breast

title: zizza


text:
zizzola

Noun

 * 1) jujube, Chinese date
 * 2) trifle, bagatelle

title: zizzola


text:
fulltextový

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  full text, full-text

title: fulltextový


text:
plnotextový

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  full text, full-text

title: plnotextový


text:
textový

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  text

title: textový


text: zuava

title: zuava


text:
calzoni alla zuava

Etymology
lit. 'Zouave-style trousers'.

Noun

 * 1) knickerbockers

title: calzoni alla zuava


text:
zuccaio

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) pumpkin / squash field / patch

title: zuccaio


text:
zuccheraggio

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) chaptalization

title: zuccheraggio


text:
zuccheriero

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  sugar

title: zuccheriero


text:
zucconaggine

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) obstinacy, stubbornness, pigheadedness

title: zucconaggine


text:
enchevêtrer

Etymology
, . . Alternatively, according to the TLFi, from a or, from. Compare 🇨🇬; 🇨🇬; 🇨🇬; 🇨🇬; and 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to tangle up
 * 2)  to entangle, to involve, to implicate
 * 3)  to become tangled
 * 4)  to get tangled up, to get mixed up

title: enchevêtrer


text:
textovka

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) text, SMS a brief written message transmitted between mobile phones

title: textovka


text:
zufolamento

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) whistling

title: zufolamento


text:
enchevêtrement

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) tangle, mixture, muddle
 * 2) jumble, labyrinth, chaos
 * 1) jumble, labyrinth, chaos
 * 1) jumble, labyrinth, chaos

title: enchevêtrement


text:
zurighese

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  of Zurich

Noun

 * 1) Zuricher

title: zurighese


text: zuzzurellone

title: zuzzurellone


text:
zwinglianesimo

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) Zwinglianism

title: zwinglianesimo


text:
zwingliano

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Zwinglian

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Zwinglian relating to Zwingli, Swiss Protestant reformer

Noun

 * 1) Zwinglian a follower of Zwingli

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Zwinglian relating to Zwingli, Swiss Protestant reformer

Noun

 * 1) Zwinglian a follower of Zwingli

title: zwingliano


text:
噛む

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to bite
 * 2) to chew
 * 3) to fumble one's words; to mispronounce
 * 1) to fumble one's words; to mispronounce
 * 1) to fumble one's words; to mispronounce

title: 噛む


text:
zwinglismo

Noun

 * 1) Zwinglianism

title: zwinglismo


text: wahabismi

title: wahabismi


text: wahabiti

title: wahabiti


text:
walkirie

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1)  A female user of magic.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) valkyrie

title: walkirie


text: webliografie

title: webliografie


text: xifofori

title: xifofori


text: xilidine

title: xilidine


text: xografie

title: xografie


text: yamatologi

title: yamatologi


text:
忐忑

Glyph origin
, from, and.

Etymology 1
. Earliest attestation was in the as  in . It is a word where the onsets are shared between the syllables, likely reduplicative and/or onomatopoeic in origin. Compare and , as well as ,.

Adjective

 * 1) perturbed; nervous; uneasy; fidgety

Adjective

 * 1)  sincere

title: 忐忑


text: ypriti

title: ypriti


text: zangolatori

title: zangolatori


text: zangolature

title: zangolature


text: zannuta

title: zannuta


text: zannate

title: zannate


text: zannuti

title: zannuti


text: zannute

title: zannute


text: zanzaricidi

title: zanzaricidi


text: zappatrici

title: zappatrici


text: zanzarifuga

title: zanzarifuga


text: zappature

title: zappature


text: zanzarifughi

title: zanzarifughi


text: zapponi

title: zapponi


text: zanzarifughe

title: zanzarifughe


text: zarismi

title: zarismi


text: zebrature

title: zebrature


text:
zapatisti

Etymology
<

Noun

 * 1) Zapatista member of a group formed and led by Emiliano Zapata that took part in the Mexican Revolution
 * 2) Zapatista member of the Zapatista Army of National Liberation

title: zapatisti


text: zendadi

title: zendadi


text:
zapatiste

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Zapatista

Noun

 * 1) Zapatista

title: zapatiste


text: zendali

title: zendali


text: zibetti

title: zibetti


text: zazzeruta

title: zazzeruta


text: zigene

title: zigene


text: zazzeruti

title: zazzeruti


text: zinali

title: zinali


text: zazzerute

title: zazzerute


text: zincaggi

title: zincaggi


text: zincatori

title: zincatori


text: zerovalenti

title: zerovalenti


text: zincografi

title: zincografi


text: zeugmatica

title: zeugmatica


text: zincotipie

title: zincotipie


text: zeugmatici

title: zeugmatici


text: zincotipisti

title: zincotipisti


text: zincotipiste

title: zincotipiste


text: zeugmatiche

title: zeugmatiche


text: Zimbabwana

title: Zimbabwana


text: zizze

title: zizze


text: zizzole

title: zizzole


text: Zimbabwani

title: Zimbabwani


text: zuccai

title: zuccai


text: Zimbabwane

title: Zimbabwane


text: zuccheraggi

title: zuccheraggi


text: zimbabwesi

title: zimbabwesi


text: zucconaggini

title: zucconaggini


text: zufolamenti

title: zufolamenti


text: zippabili

title: zippabili


text: zurighesi

title: zurighesi


text: zuzzurelloni

title: zuzzurelloni


text: zuccherieri

title: zuccherieri


text: zwinglianesimi

title: zwinglianesimi


text: zwingliana

title: zwingliana


text: zwinglismi

title: zwinglismi


text: zwingliani

title: zwingliani


text: zwingliane

title: zwingliane


text:
Agrippina

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1)  The mother of Caligula; the mother of Nero.

Etymology
From.

title: Agrippina


text:
Averroè

Proper noun

 * 1) Averroes

title: Averroè


text:
fanout

Etymology
, from the phrasal verb.

Noun

 * 1)  The degree to which something fans out, or splits into separate sections.
 * B+ trees have very high fanout, which reduces the number of I/O operations required to find an element in the tree.
 * The fanout of a logic gate output is the number of gate inputs to which it is connected.

title: fanout


text: fanouts

title: fanouts


text:
accomandante

Noun

 * 1)  limited partner

title: accomandante


text:
accomandatario

Noun

 * 1)  general / unlimited partner

title: accomandatario


text:
acefalia

Noun

 * 1)  acephalia, acephalism

Etymology
. ..

Noun

 * 1)  acephaly, acephalia, acephalism

Noun

 * 1)  acephalia birth defect in which the head is absent

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) acephalia

title: acefalia


text:
aclista

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) a member of

title: aclista


text: acquarellando

title: acquarellando


text: acquarellante

title: acquarellante


text: acquarellato

title: acquarellato


text:
acquarellare

Etymology
From.

title: acquarellare


text: acquarellati

title: acquarellati


text: acquarellata

title: acquarellata


text: acquarella

title: acquarella


text: acquarelliamo

title: acquarelliamo


text: acquarellate

title: acquarellate


text: acquarellano

title: acquarellano


text: acquarellavo

title: acquarellavo


text: acquarellavi

title: acquarellavi


text: acquarellava

title: acquarellava


text: acquarellavamo

title: acquarellavamo


text: acquarellavate

title: acquarellavate


text: acquarellavano

title: acquarellavano


text: acquarellai

title: acquarellai


text: acquarellasti

title: acquarellasti


text: acquarellò

title: acquarellò


text: acquarellammo

title: acquarellammo


text: acquarellaste

title: acquarellaste


text: acquarellarono

title: acquarellarono


text: acquarellerò

title: acquarellerò


text: acquarellerai

title: acquarellerai


text: acquarellerà

title: acquarellerà


text: acquarelleremo

title: acquarelleremo


text: acquarellerete

title: acquarellerete


text: acquarelleranno

title: acquarelleranno


text: acquarellerei

title: acquarellerei


text: acquarelleresti

title: acquarelleresti


text: acquarellerebbe

title: acquarellerebbe


text: acquarelleremmo

title: acquarelleremmo


text: acquarellereste

title: acquarellereste


text: acquarellerebbero

title: acquarellerebbero


text: acquarelliate

title: acquarelliate


text: acquarellino

title: acquarellino


text: acquarellassi

title: acquarellassi


text: acquarellasse

title: acquarellasse


text: acquarellassimo

title: acquarellassimo


text: acquarellassero

title: acquarellassero


text: acquerellando

title: acquerellando


text: acquerellante

title: acquerellante


text: acquerellato

title: acquerellato


text:
acquerellare

Etymology
From. .

Verb

 * 1)  to paint in watercolour/watercolor

title: acquerellare


text: acquerellati

title: acquerellati


text: acquerellata

title: acquerellata


text: acquerelliamo

title: acquerelliamo


text: acquerellate

title: acquerellate


text: acquerellano

title: acquerellano


text: acquerellavo

title: acquerellavo


text: acquerellavi

title: acquerellavi


text: acquerellava

title: acquerellava


text: acquerellavamo

title: acquerellavamo


text: acquerellavate

title: acquerellavate


text: acquerellavano

title: acquerellavano


text: acquerellai

title: acquerellai


text: acquerellasti

title: acquerellasti


text: acquerellò

title: acquerellò


text: acquerellammo

title: acquerellammo


text: acquerellaste

title: acquerellaste


text: acquerellarono

title: acquerellarono


text: acquerellerò

title: acquerellerò


text: acquerellerai

title: acquerellerai


text: acquerellerà

title: acquerellerà


text: acquerelleremo

title: acquerelleremo


text: acquerellerete

title: acquerellerete


text: acquerelleranno

title: acquerelleranno


text: acquerellerei

title: acquerellerei


text: acquerelleresti

title: acquerelleresti


text: acquerellerebbe

title: acquerellerebbe


text: acquerelleremmo

title: acquerelleremmo


text: acquerellereste

title: acquerellereste


text: acquerellerebbero

title: acquerellerebbero


text: acquerelliate

title: acquerelliate


text: acquerellino

title: acquerellino


text: acquerellassi

title: acquerellassi


text: acquerellasse

title: acquerellasse


text: acquerellassimo

title: acquerellassimo


text: acquerellassero

title: acquerellassero


text:
feŭda

Adjective

 * 1) feudal

title: feŭda


text: feŭdaj

title: feŭdaj


text: feŭdan

title: feŭdan


text: feŭdajn

title: feŭdajn


text:
feŭde

Adverb

 * 1) feudally

title: feŭde


text: mobey

title: mobey


text: keisaren

title: keisaren


text:
łitsxooí

Etymology
+

Noun

 * 1) the color orange
 * 2) that which is orange, the orange one

Usage notes
Łitsxooí is on the yellower side of orange, as compared to on the redder side of orange.

title: łitsxooí


text:
shá bitłʼóól

Etymology
, 'sun-rope'

Noun

 * 1) sunbeam, sunrays

title: shá bitłʼóól


text:
bitłʼóól

Noun

 * 1) his/her/its rope, cord, twine, string, lariat, thread

title: bitłʼóól


text:
shá bítłʼájiiłchiiʼ

Noun

 * 1) halo around the sun

title: shá bítłʼájiiłchiiʼ


text:
downtrod

Etymology 1

 * see.

Verb

 * 1)  to oppress, suppress, exploit, persecute, step down on; put down; denigrate, subjugate

Etymology 2
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  downtrodden; abused by superior power

title: downtrod


text:
shą́ą́ʼ

Noun

 * 1) sunshine

title: shą́ą́ʼ


text:
shą́ąʼjiʼ

Adverb

 * 1) in the sunshine

title: shą́ąʼjiʼ


text:
User:Mwpnl

For more information about me or to get in touch, please visit my User page and talk page on meta-wiki. Thanks, nl:Mark W (Mwpnl) ¦ talk

title: User:Mwpnl


text:
sháátis

Postposition

 * 1) over me

title: sháátis


text:
shádiʼááhjí

Adverb

 * 1) on the south

title: shádiʼááhjí


text:
shidineʼé

Noun

 * 1) my people, my tribe

title: shidineʼé


text:
sikʼis

Noun

 * 1) my older brother, my older sister (of the same sex as me)
 * 2) my older maternal cousin (of the same sex as me)
 * 3) my friend (chiefly of the same sex as me)

Usage notes
The 1st-person singular possessive has rather than  because of coronal harmony: [sh] in  assimilates to [s] because of the alveolar sibilant ([s]) in the root, -kʼis. It is a very common error among younger Navajo speakers who do not know the language well to use  in all cases, because they often do not know of this feature.

title: sikʼis


text:
auditual

Adjective

 * 1)  auditory

title: auditual


text:
bipartible

Etymology
See.

Adjective

 * 1) Capable of being divided into two parts.

title: bipartible


text: hendy

title: hendy


text:
nephrolithic

Adjective

 * 1)  Of or relating to gravel, or renal calculi.

title: nephrolithic


text:
papaverous

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of the poppy.
 * 1)  Inducing sleep; soporific.
 * 1)  Inducing sleep; soporific.
 * 1)  Inducing sleep; soporific.
 * 1)  Inducing sleep; soporific.

Translations

 * Finnish: unikkoinen

 * Finnish: unettava

title: papaverous


text:
altercative

Etymology
See.

Adjective

 * 1)  Characterized by altercation
 * 2) * 1731,, The Tragedy of Tragedies; or, The Life and Death of Tom Thumb the Great, London: J. Roberts, Act II, Scene 7, p.30, footnote z,
 * I know some of the Commentators have imagined, that Mr. Dryden, in the Altercative Scene between Cleopatra and Octavia is much beholden to our Author.

Translations

 * Portuguese: altercador, altercante

title: altercative


text:
catelectrode

Noun

 * 1)  The negative electrode or pole of a voltaic battery.

title: catelectrode


text: catelectrodes

title: catelectrodes


text:
โป๊ยกั้ก

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) star anise

title: โป๊ยกั้ก


text:
scheelium

Etymology
, after C. W. Scheele, who discovered it.

Noun

 * 1) (chemistry)  tungsten

title: scheelium


text:
shi-

Prefix

 * 1) while, as
 * 2) similar
 * 1) similar

Prefix

 * 1) my, me (often indicates primary or inalienable possession, in opposition to . See for example, )

Prefix

 * 1)  you, second-person subject subjunctive marker.
 * Shikilwi ma wiki
 * Tell her/him to come here

title: shi-


text:
stulty

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1)  foolish; silly

title: stulty


text:
reprive

Etymology 2
+.

Verb

 * 1) To take back or away.

title: reprive


text: reprived

title: reprived


text: reprives

title: reprives


text: repriving

title: repriving


text:
ノンケ

Etymology
From +, essentially "not interested (in the same sex)".

Noun

 * 1)  straight; hetero

title: ノンケ


text:
tithonicity

Noun

 * 1)  The state or property of being tithonic; actinism.

title: tithonicity


text:
siláołtsooí

Noun

 * 1) soldier
 * 2) army, marine

title: siláołtsooí


text:
wincopipe

Noun

 * 1)  The pimpernel flower,.

title: wincopipe


text: wincopipes

title: wincopipes


text:
siláołtsooí bichidí

Noun

 * 1) jeep

title: siláołtsooí bichidí


text:
whistlewing

Etymology
?

Noun

 * 1) The American goldeneye.

title: whistlewing


text: whistlewings

title: whistlewings


text:
wither-wrung

Etymology
From and.

Adjective

 * 1) Injured or hurt in the withers, as a horse.

title: wither-wrung


text:
tʼáá shǫǫdí

Adverb

 * 1) please

title: tʼáá shǫǫdí


text:
tʼáá shxǫǫdí

Adverb

 * 1) please

title: tʼáá shxǫǫdí


text:
desynonymize

Verb

 * 1) To deprive of synonymous character; to cause no longer to be synonyms.

title: desynonymize


text: desynonymized

title: desynonymized


text: desynonymizes

title: desynonymizes


text: desynonymizing

title: desynonymizing


text:
santol

Etymology
Borrowed from, likely from. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) A tropical Asian tree.
 * 2) The fruit of this tree.

Translations

 * Burmese:
 * Cebuano: santol
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 山陀兒
 * Esperanto: santolo
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Kapampangan: santul
 * Malay: sentul, kecapi
 * Russian: санто́л
 * Spanish: santol
 * Tagalog:
 * Thai:
 * Vietnamese: sấu đỏ

Etymology
Likely borrowed from.

Etymology
Likely borrowed from.

Etymology
Likely borrowed from.

Etymology
, likely from.

Etymology
Likely borrowed from.

title: santol


text: Appendix:Lojban/ca'a

title: Appendix:Lojban/ca'a


text: Appendix:Lojban/ca'e

title: Appendix:Lojban/ca'e


text:
Appendix:Lojban/ca'i

Particle

 * 1)  by authority of ...

title: Appendix:Lojban/ca'i


text:
Appendix:Lojban/ca'o

Etymology 1
A priori. Compare.

Particle

 * 1)  continue to, in the process of
 * la stiv. ca'o bacru
 * Steve continues to talk.

 * 1)  during
 * lo cribe na citka ca'o lo dunra
 * Bears do not eat during winter.

Etymology 2
From.

title: Appendix:Lojban/ca'o


text: Appendix:Lojban/ca'u

title: Appendix:Lojban/ca'u


text:
กระท้อน

Noun

 * 1) santol.

title: กระท้อน


text: matress

title: matress


text: matresses

title: matresses


text:
Talk:bludge

Grammar of verb?
Which of the verb senses are transitive? Which intransitive? Which both? Which are used with prepositional phrases? Shouldn't the senses be organized around the grammar? DCDuring TALK 14:21, 20 February 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:bludge


text:
Talk:stunt cock

stunt cock
thinks this is SOP, I don't. Discuss. —  [Ric Laurent] — 23:49, 4 November 2011 (UTC)

 * Not SoP to me, because the penis isn't performing stunts. Equinox ◑ 23:52, 4 November 2011 (UTC)
 * Some snippets from Google Books:
 * It is her hands we are watching as the pizza comes out of the microwave — the other hands are all stunt hands
 * "I bet there was a stunt ass standing by in case I chickened out and lost it."
 * "stunt pussy noun a female pornography performer who fills in for another performerfor the purposes of genital filming" (no uses on Google Books, just mentions it seems. Also none for "stunt cunt" even though it rhymes)
 * Fugyoo

 * Stunt cunt. Fucking lawlz <3 —  [Ric Laurent] — 01:16, 5 November 2011 (UTC)
 * Even stuntman would not be inclusion-worthy were it not for the application of WT:COALMINE. So all we need are three cites of stuntcock to pass this RfD. DCDuring TALK  02:03, 5 November 2011 (UTC)

 * Or a sense at stunt meaning "stand-in, substitute". The cock, hands, ass, etc. above are not performing stunts. Stunt man could be sum of parts (if two words) but that's because he performs stunts, not because he is a substitute or stand-in. Equinox ◑ 13:33, 5 November 2011 (UTC)

 * Keep. There are multiple possible meanings of "stunt" and "cock" which objectively make sense, but would be incorrect. One might call a rubber chicken used in a practical joke a "stunt cock", but this would be wrong, idiomatically. bd2412 T 17:59, 5 November 2011 (UTC)
 * If there are are multiple possible meanings, why pick just one? If I make a movie of the adventures of a rooster, I might want to use a stunt cock in a cock-fighting scene. There are situations in which the reader must figure out themself, which of the possible combinations best fits the context. I'd still delete. --Hekaheka 05:56, 6 November 2011 (UTC)

I think we are missing a sense of "stunt". It seems that the word has acquired by extension a sense that is close to "substitute". No dangerous performances in these examples picked from the internet:
 * That's the movie where Kirk refused to kiss the actress playing his wife so they had to get Kirk's real wife to be stunt lips.
 * I asked my husband if he could just hire a stunt wife for this. ("this" = a social occasion in which the real wife did not really like to participate)
 * You ever look at a picture of yourself and think, “Do I really look like that?” Sean was taking happy, rumpled Easter morning pics and as I scanned them I thought, “Damn, that looks like a stunt belly.”

--Hekaheka 18:38, 5 November 2011 (UTC)

 * I agree with Hekaheka that we're missing a sense of "stunt". - -sche (discuss) 19:00, 5 November 2011 (UTC)
 * Yes, add the sense to 'stunt' unless of course it's not attestable. Mglovesfun (talk) 18:29, 6 November 2011 (UTC)

 * Didn't have a clue what it meant before looking at the page. Keep entry and revert my innocence if possible. DAVilla 04:52, 13 November 2011 (UTC)

 * I bet there are a lot of two-word combinations that any of us does not have a clue of, but that isn't necessarily a justification for inclusion. This is not a set term either, as one could as well use stunt dick, stunt penis or even stunt organ. Penis is not the only organ that may be replaced by a stunt in a movie: stunt hand, stunt finger.... And, with the added sense for "stunt", it is (or will be, I did not check) a sum of parts. --Hekaheka 05:46, 16 November 2011 (UTC)

 * Hand, finger, penis etc. I would have figured out. My first guess for stunt cock was a trained rooster. DAVilla 20:11, 20 November 2011 (UTC)

 * Keep pretty oddLucifer 02:27, 16 November 2011 (UTC)

 * Since when has oddnessbecome an inclusion criteria? --Hekaheka 05:46, 16 November 2011 (UTC)

kept no consensus -- Liliana • 04:19, 9 February 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:stunt cock


text: Appendix:Lojban/caj

title: Appendix:Lojban/caj


text: Appendix:Lojban/cak

title: Appendix:Lojban/cak


text: Appendix:Lojban/cax

title: Appendix:Lojban/cax


text:
からむし

Etymology
The initial kara is likely. The final -musi may be cognate with Middle Korean.

Noun

 * 1)  (plant) ramie, Boehmeria nivea var. nipononivea
 * 2)  cloth made from the ramie plant
 * 3) * c. 800: Shibunritsu Ongi (page 47)
 * "ja"

- 蒭麻衣 加良牟斯衣

title: からむし


text:
moso'oi

Noun

 * 1) ylang ylang

title: moso'oi


text: Appendix:Lojban/ce'a

title: Appendix:Lojban/ce'a


text: dongas

title: dongas


text: Appendix:Lojban/ce'i

title: Appendix:Lojban/ce'i


text: Appendix:Lojban/ced

title: Appendix:Lojban/ced


text: Category:jbo:Clothing

title: Category:jbo:Clothing


text: Category:jbo:Optics

title: Category:jbo:Optics


text:
こるむし

Noun

 * 1)   the ramie plant; a thread made from the fibers of this plant; a textile made from this thread

title: こるむし


text: Appendix:Lojban/cfa

title: Appendix:Lojban/cfa


text: Appendix:Lojban/cfi

title: Appendix:Lojban/cfi


text: cfu

title: cfu


text:
despedida a la francesa

Etymology
lit. '[an] escape in the French manner'.

Noun

 * 1)  French leave; a sudden or unannounced departure, or one taken without permission; to go AWOL

title: despedida a la francesa


text:
Appendix:Lojban/ci'e

Particle

 * 1)  in system/context ...

title: Appendix:Lojban/ci'e


text:
Appendix:Lojban/ci'u

Particle

 * 1)  on the scale ...

title: Appendix:Lojban/ci'u


text:
cif

Noun

 * 1) fire

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) chief

Noun

 * 1)  complete, fully counted

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) pocket

Noun

 * 1) leader

title: cif


text:
cij

Noun

 * 1) breast
 * 2) milk
 * 1) milk

Verb

 * 1) to breastfeed; to nurse

Etymology 2
From.

Adverb

 * 1) only; only then

Etymology 3
From.

Verb

 * 1) to end; to finish; to stop

Noun

 * 1) spout

Verb

 * 1) to pull

Etymology 6
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to point

title: cij


text:
cik

Etymology 1
From.

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1) dung

Etymology 3
From, from , probably from , from , of , from , from , from , from.

Adjective

 * 1)  chic, elegant

Etymology 4
From.

Interjection

 * 1) shoo!

Noun

 * 1) 300  of morphine powder

Etymology
Akin to 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1) how

Etymology
Akin to 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1) how
 * 2) how much
 * 3) how many

Noun

 * 1) miss (title for girl or unmarried woman)
 * 2) Ms (title for unmarried or married woman)

Adjective

 * 1) bad, evil

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) measuring stick; ruler

Classifier

 * 1) chi; Chinese foot

Etymology 2
From.

title: cik


text:
zmizet po anglicku

Etymology
lit. 'to leave English style; to escape or make off in the manner of the English'.

Verb

 * 1)  to take French leave to take a sudden or unannounced departure, or one taken without permission

title: zmizet po anglicku


text:
ciz

Etymology
From.

Preposition

 * 1)  to the house of
 * 2)  at the house of

Noun

 * 1) copper

Verb

 * 1) to poke into (something soft)

Adjective

 * 1) slanted; on an angle

title: ciz


text: Appendix:Lojban/cka

title: Appendix:Lojban/cka


text: Category:jbo:Furniture

title: Category:jbo:Furniture


text: Appendix:Lojban/cke

title: Appendix:Lojban/cke


text: Appendix:Lojban/kej

title: Appendix:Lojban/kej


text:
addizionatrice

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) adding machine

title: addizionatrice


text: Appendix:Lojban/cki

title: Appendix:Lojban/cki


text: Appendix:Lojban/cko

title: Appendix:Lojban/cko


text: Appendix:Lojban/cla

title: Appendix:Lojban/cla


text:
adding machine

Noun

 * 1) A simple mechanical or electromechanical calculator that could only perform simple calculations such as addition or subtraction

Translations

 * German:
 * Italian: addizionatrice, calcolo meccanico
 * Romanian: mașină de adunat mecanică, calculator mecanic

title: adding machine


text:
喘ぐ

Etymology
→ → * →  →  →

Shift from, voicing apparent possibly in or sometime after the.

Verb

 * 1) to gasp, pant
 * 2) to suffer
 * 1) to suffer

title: 喘ぐ


text:
Appendix:Lojban/cmi

Rafsi
(or alternate  )

title: Appendix:Lojban/cmi


text: Appendix:Lojban/cmo

title: Appendix:Lojban/cmo


text: Appendix:Lojban/cmu

title: Appendix:Lojban/cmu