text:
Module talk:sa-translit

Until a better method is found (anusvara, candrabindu) ...
Here - Wiktionary_talk:Votes/pl-2014-06/Romanization_of_Sanskrit, I mentioned the issue with anusvara and candrabindu transliterations. If this is fixed, other Indic transliteration modules can be fixed as well. --Anatoli (обсудить/вклад) 01:19, 10 June 2014 (UTC)

Useless
This module is useless since we must provide accent marks manually in transliterations, as they are unpredictable. Also elements of compounds must be manually specified. --Ivan Štambuk (talk) 12:26, 29 June 2014 (UTC)
 * "Useless" is a strong word here and I disagree. If accent marks are not present in the native script, they obviously won't appear in the transliteration. Like unaccented Cyrillic won't show accents in the transliteration either. Same with compounds. It is possible to employ tricks, such as accents, which are not visible in the native script but visible in the transliteration. It is done in Korean, Japanese, Mandarin Chinese transliteration modules (most developed by User:Wyang), where word spaces (ja, cmn), hyphens, capitalisation is used to improve readability. Of course, a dedicated Sanskrit editor is required and someone with good Lua skills. --Anatoli (обсудить/вклад) 23:41, 13 July 2014 (UTC)
 * The problem is that this module was being used as a replacement for transcriptions with accents specified. God knows how many of Sanskrit entries were "improved" that way.
 * Any invisible characters for accents or compound separation would break Devanagari spellings and would require an extra preview to ensure that the output is generated properly, like it's currently done with Sanskrit inflection templates (which could be largely automated in Lua now, but the principle is same). --Ivan Štambuk (talk) 07:37, 14 July 2014 (UTC)

Om
It appears that the module cannot handle. This should produce whatever the preferred translit is (I would add it, but I don't know if what's currently in the entry is best). —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 04:38, 16 September 2016 (UTC)
 * Okay, I've added it as oṃ and fixed the entry. I've also added the om character to MOD:hi-translit and MOD:bo-translit. As usual, revert if I did anything wrong. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 04:55, 16 September 2016 (UTC)
 * I think we should transliterate it as auṃ, even if "au" is monophtongized as "o". --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 04:58, 16 September 2016 (UTC)
 * I've not studied Sanskrit, so you guys can decide that (Wikipedia gives both as IAST, so I'm none the wiser as for which is better). —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 06:21, 16 September 2016 (UTC)
 * I haven't studied it either but I self-studied Hindi a little bit. I got it wrong, your version was correct. ॐ is a ligature of +, so it should be oṃ, not auṃ. Sorry! --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 06:36, 16 September 2016 (UTC)

Prakrit
to this module I added some missing lines from Module:inc-pra-Deva-translit, I think it should now be able to handle Prakrit transliteration too (as it is the difference in there transliterations in little). We could change this to Prakrit's Devanagari transliteration module and delete Module:inc-pra-Deva-translit. Svartava2 (talk) 14:24, 17 October 2021 (UTC)

 * ✅ Observe if there are any errors. Kutchkutch (talk) 12:26, 18 October 2021 (UTC)

 * thanks, I'll be on the lookout. Svartava2 (talk) 13:48, 18 October 2021 (UTC)

 * Why did you change it back and create Module:inc-pra-Deva-translit? —Svārtava [t•c•u•r] 10:42, 14 December 2021 (UTC)
 * This module is used for several languages and
 * eCC → ĕCC & oCC → ŏCC
 * ऎ, ऒ, य़
 * may only be needed for Prakrit. Are these to be used for other languages as well? Kutchkutch (talk) 10:51, 14 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Just because certain part of a module is only for Prakrit, I don't think the whole module should be duplicated. Adding it in this module would at most mean that if these characters occur in any word of the other languages using this module, they will be transliterated as well. What's the harm? —Svārtava [t•c•u•r] 13:12, 14 December 2021 (UTC)
 * There may be no harm regarding ऎ, ऒ, य़. However, with a single module with the rules eCC → ĕCC & oCC → ŏCC, Sanskrit हेक्का would be hĕkkā instead of hekkā, and Sanskrit योद्धृ would be yŏddhṛ instead of yoddhṛ. Is this appropriate for Sanskrit? Kutchkutch (talk) 14:48, 17 December 2021 (UTC)
 * It won't be appropriate for Sanskrit. However, I still can't see es as ĕs in Prakrit: for example at . —Svārtava [t•c•u•r] 15:08, 17 December 2021 (UTC)
 * What text means is that e & o before two consonants becomes ĕ & ŏ, respectively. So, does not qualify since e does not come before two consonants. See Module:inc-pra-Deva-translit/testcases. Kutchkutch (talk) 15:21, 17 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Are ĕ & ŏ even appropriate for Prakrit? What transliteration schemes are they used in?  The documentation for Prakrit says to use IAST, which doesn't know these symbols, and the Library of Congress claims not to make any such distinction.  While the short vowels might occur in open syllables (as metrical evidence indicates for early Pali), what orthography makes the distinction?  If we should keep the breve, a simple test on the language is all it needs for the modules to be reunited, as in Module:Brah-translit. --RichardW57m (talk) 13:23, 11 May 2022 (UTC)

The transliteration schemes of the following primary Prakrit resources distinguish short e and short o from long e and long o in closed syllables:
 * R:inc:Pischel
 * R:inc:Woolner
 * http://prakrit.info/prakrit/grammar.html?r=phonology

Since this is a documented phonological distinction that is entirely predictable, it would be useful to indicate it in the transliteration of Prakrit with the breve diacritic as in Pischel and Woolner (prakrit.info transliterates the long vowels as ō and ē). prakrit.info makes the distinction in the orthography using ऎ and ऒ for the short vowels, which can be used in the head parameter instead of page titles. The addition of the breve diacritic (and the dot above y as ẏ) is not as drastic of a change as other phenomena such as homorganic nasal assimilation at MOD:hi-translit, which changes the character entirely (ṃ → [ṅ, ṇ, ñ, n, m]). The documentation could be changed to text for Devanagari along with a more detailed description of the Brahmi and Kannada scripts.
 * (see User_talk:Kutchkutch, Talk:रोकड़, Template talk:pra-noun)
 * (see WT:Beer_parlour/2021/January).

Kutchkutch (talk) 00:58, 12 May 2022 (UTC)

 * The claim "Since this is a documented phonological distinction that is entirely predictable, it would be useful to indicate it in the transliteration of Prakrit" makes no sense to me, because if it is entirely predictable, there is no need to complicate matters by marking the distinction. Spelling is spelling, pronunciation is pronunciation.
 * A different justification is that, if Wiktionary is to be believed, then the Kannada script now makes the distinction when used for Prakrit. (I'd like to see evidence without having to force it via RfV.)  As the orthographic distinction of short and long  'e' and 'o' is fairly recent, dating back I believe to Western European missionary effort in India, we're going to have to work out what to do for the forms in inscriptions.  Or was this an independent orthographic reform?  I've seen the Sanskrit vowels marked as long in a Kannada script version of the Bhagavad Gita. --RichardW57m (talk) 12:51, 12 May 2022 (UTC)

 * As a point of information, Pischel reckons that the length of Prakrit final  and  after long vowels is metrically determined; in this environment, [ĕ] and [ŏ] may be written  and  or <ǐ> and <ŭ> in the old sources. It looks as though our automated transliteration mechanisms will fail for some quotations in verse. --RichardW57m (talk) 10:13, 23 May 2022 (UTC)

Getting Text
@RichardW57m Hi again. I am trying to implement the Devanagari Vedic accents, but there's one irritating issue: the bold formatting (3 apostrophes) apparently splits up the text in different strings, so for example in the second line of the quote at there would incorrectly be an accent on the first syllable of 'stavate' (because at the start of a string).

There was a somewhat similar issue at the Hindi transliteration (using template 'hi-x'), but there I could solve it because the 'bold' apostrophes were simply part of the string. Any ideas to fix this? Exarchus (talk) 16:05, 29 February 2024 (UTC)

 * 'Automatic' transliteration is not suitable for text with Devanagari Vedic accents - Module:languages. If you believe the documentation, it's probably not suitable for many writing systems, e.g. most Mainland SE Asian Indic writing systems.  However, the problem cases usually don't occur.
 * The solution is to bypass the standard mechanism (probably including xlit) and have a template to perform tr directly to deliver the transliteration. As there are multiple ways of writing the Vedic accent, you may anyway need a more elaborate entry point to specify the system to be transliterated from, just as Module:pi-translit has an extra entry point lua to enable one to specify which Thai- or Lao-script writing system is being used.  One can also find that conflicts between word and syllable boundaries can force one to provide a complete manual transliteration.
 * Pinging in case he knows a better solution. --RichardW57 (talk) 19:36, 29 February 2024 (UTC)
 * @RichardW57 I don’t understand why you say automatic transliteration isn’t suitable while also saying we should use direct invocations. @Benwing2 can you make more sense of this? Theknightwho (talk) 21:51, 29 February 2024 (UTC)
 * @Theknightwho I don't understand either. @RichardW57 can you clarify? Benwing2 (talk) 01:46, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * I was assuming that the referenced text by was both clear enough and relevant: "This function assumes tr(s1) .. tr(s2) == tr(s1 .. s2). When this assertion fails, wikitext markups like ''' can cause wrong transliterations".  Automatic transliteration breaks text at the triple quote needed for emboldening the word that is being quoted, transliterating text either side of a triple quote independently. However, the Vedic accentuation notation is stateful, so one cannot (TBC) always transliterate chunks independently. Certainly the reading rules that  knows don't work.
 * On the other hand, a direct invocation would not split the string, so for text from the Rig Veda, the rule that a pada-initial unmarked syllable is udatta can be applied because the whole text, including mark-up, is passed to the Lua function lua. (I don't know how the segmentation into padas would be done.) --RichardW57 (talk) 13:15, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * segmentation of pada's can be done by detecting danda (। ॥) or "" (without backslash) Exarchus (talk) 13:21, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Is this some property of accented verse? I've often noted pairs of padas separated only by white space, and sometimes not even that, e.g. the first verse at https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%83. --RichardW57 (talk) 13:36, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * I don't think the first lines there are part of a pāda, rather an introductory prayer I think. I'd think the first pada starts at धर्मक्षेत्रे Exarchus (talk) 13:46, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * The point is that the first line "धर्मक्षेत्रे कुरुक्षेत्रे समवेता युयुत्सवः ।" contains two padas, "धर्मक्षेत्रे कुरुक्षेत्रे" and "समवेता युयुत्सवः". Of course, this is not an accented text. --RichardW57 (talk) 14:36, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * @RichardW57 Maybe I have been using 'pada' incorrectly, as the example at then also has 4 padas. What I meant was semiverse, delimited by (double) danda. Exarchus (talk) 15:25, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * I have been looking at this manuscript (first Rigveda hymn) and it uses danda to actually delimit words, but it does seem to use the rule that anything between danda's is a unit with the accent rules that I've been talking about, as it has a lot more anudatta marks than would be needed in a text with less danda's. Exarchus (talk) 15:43, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * I think the confusion may be in what is invoked by direct invocation. I was referring to direct invocation of a transliteration module, not of the method, which is an extremely roundabout route. --RichardW57 (talk) 15:04, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * @RichardW57 About the bold formatting, I notice that when I use Hindi text in the 'Q' or 'usex' templates, the apostrophes are not part of the string. In 'hi-x', they are. So either some 'sa-x' template is needed, or ... the known bug at Module:languages#Language:transliterate should be fixed (if possible). Or maybe create specific rules for Sanskrit at the quotations module, as it would be useful to keep that functionality. Exarchus (talk) 19:30, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * I disagree with your conclusion. Note that a request to delete hi-usex has been raised.  A better solution would be a working transliteration template xlit, which could then be shared with all the quotation modules.  I've opened a general discussion at Grease pit/2024/March. --RichardW57 (talk) 21:35, 1 March 2024 (UTC)

Ambiguity of Fragments

 * In this particular case,, wouldn't the lack of any accent marks before the anudatta at the start of vīryèṇa be incompatible with an accent on stavate? --RichardW57 (talk) 19:47, 29 February 2024 (UTC)
 * @RichardW57 The thing is that the first syllable of a pāda is udatta (acute accent) unless otherwise indicated. Actually, 'stavate' would have three accents.
 * I have been looking at https://www.evertype.com/standards/iso10646/pdf/vedic/Vedic_accents_doc.pdf and yes, there are multiple ways of indicating the accent, but I think the one for Rigveda is by far the most commonly known. To incorporate the system for the Sāmaveda (with superscript numbers) would be easy.
 * There is of course the discussion if one wants to 'split' the words combined by external sandhi, that would have to be done manually. And then a further discussion would be if you want to metrically restore the Rigveda text (so no independent svarita).
 * I'll look at the suggestions to evade this issue with bold formatting. Exarchus (talk) 20:54, 29 February 2024 (UTC)
 * But if the 3rd syllable of stavate was udatta, wouldn't the first syllable of vīryeṇa have to be svarita or udatta rather than anudatta? What you have to do in the standard transliteration environment is to work out whether the first syllable of the string is the first syllable of the pada.  I'm sure it can't always be done; I just don't know how often it can be done. --RichardW57 (talk) 21:46, 29 February 2024 (UTC)
 * @RichardW57 udatta + anudatta + udatta is a possibility, see rule 5 on page 2 here
 * There's another problem with the example at, as the string "प्र तद्" (pra tad) has no accent indicated, so it would be skipped as being unaccented text, but it actually has two udattas. Exarchus (talk) 21:58, 29 February 2024 (UTC)
 * For anudatta, anudatta, the non-initial marking would be none, anudatta.
 * For udatta, anudatta, the non-initial marking would be none, svarita.
 * For anudatta, udatta, the non-initial marking would be anudatta, none.
 * Therefore, we must have two udattas,and there is no ambiguity. --RichardW57 (talk) 13:29, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * My point about "प्र तद्" (pra tad) was that I obviously don't want to put acute marks on all Sanskrit words without accents, and in this string there is no indication of it being accented text.
 * The non-initial mark for anudatta, anudatta could also be none, none if no svarita or udatta follows. Exarchus (talk) 13:41, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * But the relevant text starts प्र तद्विष्णुः॑. The fourth syllable is marked with STRESS SIGN UDATTA, which on that syllable surely must be a dependent svarita. --RichardW57 (talk) 14:16, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Yes, but I thought we were talking about the issue of the bold formatting splitting up text in strings, and as it is now "प्र तद्" is one string. Without this formatting, the module as I have it now works fine (I just need to add the case of independent svarita + independent svarita) Exarchus (talk) 14:26, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Fair point! RichardW57 (talk) 14:28, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * In the sequence udatta, anudatta, udatta, wouldn't the anudatta be marked as such? --RichardW57 (talk) 14:27, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Yes, always before udatta, but you can't know whether the first syllable is udatta or anudatta without knowing what comes before (first syllable of pada → udatta; other udatta before it → udatta; svarita or anudatta before it → anudatta) Exarchus (talk) 14:48, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * But you can sometimes work out what comes before by looking at what comes afterwards. --RichardW57 (talk) 15:11, 1 March 2024 (UTC)

Validity of Quotation
Is the quotation used for valid? The page author has split the 'dv' conjunct, so we get an extra orthographic syllable in the text! (Human memories are not durably archived, so far as I am aware.) --RichardW57 (talk) 14:55, 1 March 2024 (UTC)

 * This was obviously done to be able to put "विष्णुः" in bold, I don't have a strong opinion on whether this is acceptable or not. What I have noticed is that the page on wikisource does not have the visarga in "तद्विष्णु". This page also has 'víṣṇu'. Exarchus (talk) 15:18, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
 * I think the droppinɡ of visarɡa is here an allowed sandhiː -ḥ st- > -sst- > -st-. It's footnote 3 at http://spell.psychology.wustl.edu/sandhi-WCCFL/WCCFL-sandhi.html.en.utf8 . --RichardW57 (talk) 04:06, 2 March 2024 (UTC)

title: Module talk:sa-translit


text: Wikamusi

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Wikamusi


text:
在意

Verb

 * 1)  to care (about); to mind; to be bothered (by); to pay attention (to)

title: 在意


text: zàihu

title: zàihu


text: zàiyì

title: zàiyì


text:
回話

Noun

 * 1) reply; answer

Verb

 * 1) to reply; to get back to; to answer
 * 2)  to relay a message; to pass on a message
 * 1)  to relay a message; to pass on a message
 * 1)  to relay a message; to pass on a message

title: 回話


text: 回话

title: 回话


text: huíhuà

title: huíhuà


text:
跟進

Verb

 * 1) to follow
 * 2) to follow up; to chase up
 * 3) to follow suit
 * 4) to go forward one by one

title: 跟進


text: 跟进

title: 跟进


text: gēnjìn

title: gēnjìn


text:
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2014-06/Allowing attested romanizations

Allowing attested romanizations

 * Voting on: Whenever a romanization of a word in a particular language (whether it is an ad-hoc romanization or one derived from a formal romanization scheme) is attested three times as per WT:CFI, and the word in its native script meets WT:CFI, the romanization will have an entry. That entry will contain only the modicum of information needed to allow readers to get to the native-script entry. For example: is attested in these citations, and the word it is a romanization of  meets CFI, so  will have an entry with the L2 header ==Russian== which will look about like this (link).

 * Rationale: See the BP discussion, particularly the section #What are romanizations for?. In short: readers may encounter and want to look up romanizations (e.g. when bibliographies cite, in transliterated form, works written in Chinese or Russian, users may want to look up the words that make up the title), and making entries for those romanizations is the best way of getting those readers to the native-script forms of the words.

 * Technical note: romanizations which are subject to lower requirements due to other votes (e.g. romanizations of Gothic, which per other votes are not required to be attested) continue to be subject to those lower requirements.

 * Vote starts: 00:01, 21 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Vote ends: 23:59, 20 July 2014 (UTC)

 * Vote created: - -sche (discuss) 01:44, 10 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Discussion:
 * [[Image:Wikt rei-artur3.svg|20px]] Wiktionary:Beer parlour/2014/June#Prescriptivism as to common lay transliterations.
 * [[Image:Wikt rei-artur3.svg|20px]] Wiktionary:Requests_for_deletion#mahā
 * [[Image:Wikt rei-artur3.svg|20px]] Wiktionary talk:Votes/pl-2014-06/Romanization of Sanskrit
 * [[Image:Wikt rei-artur3.svg|20px]] Wiktionary talk:Votes/pl-2014-06/Allowing attested romanizations

Support

 * , but I would prefer that this vote be withdrawn, because the outcome of the vote at Votes/pl-2014-06/Excluding romanizations by default will likely render it moot. Absent agreement to exclude, there is no need for a vote to include. It was proposed that these votes be combined, and that should have been done to provide the proper range of options. A conflicting outcome, of course, would default to the existing CFI, absent a rule stating otherwise. bd2412 T 00:01, 24 June 2014 (UTC)
 * The fact that people can't even agree on what the status quo is certainly adds a level of ...interestingness... to this series of discussions. You and Dan think romanizations are already allowed and only the vote to exclude them is needed; I and Anatoli and Ungoliant and seemingly also Renard think they've always been excluded and so [only] the vote to allow them is needed... I do hope one or the other vote passes (I think the same person should close both, when it's time); otherwise, we'll have run quite a caucus race to get back to still disagreeing on both what the status quo is and what should be done going forward. lol - -sche (discuss) 01:20, 24 June 2014 (UTC)
 * As an attorney, I prefer to adhere to the rule of law, and not a rule of anarchy pulled out of someone's backsides. bd2412 T 02:37, 24 June 2014 (UTC)
 * I prefer the rule of law, too. :) If only we agreed on what the law was. You and Dan prefer to interpret "romanizations" as "words" and interpret CFI as including them, yes? But surely you've noticed that many other users have disagreed with your interpretations, hence my comment. (Case law is demonstrably that romanizations have been deleted or moved unless a vote has allowed them. If anything were to be characterized as anarchic, attempting to overturn that precedent through simple re-interpretation might be it.) - -sche (discuss) 03:14, 24 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Actually, I doubt that "precedent" supports a blanket exclusion. We have tens of thousands of romanizations, including a number of romanizations that are not from Asian scripts, but are included in this corpus as loanwords or the like. The only cases that I'm aware of are ayubowan, which was kept as an "English" word, and mahā, which is still an open discussion itself. No one has batted an eye at the proposition that tovarich is an "English" word when it is obviously a transliteration. If that is the standard we are using, there are citations enough to enter tens of thousands more transliterated words from many scripts and describe them as being as "English" as apple pie. bd2412 T 12:32, 24 June 2014 (UTC)
 * To be clear, when I speak of romanizations, I'm speaking of entries that have the L3 ===Romanization===, and have definitions like "romanization of [foo]", and have the same L2 as the original (native-script) words do. I'm not speaking of loanwords, which in most cases don't contain the word "romanization" anywhere, even in the etymology section. The line between the two is not 100% unblurry, but citations of "ayubowan" in the middle of [otherwise] English sentences suggest it's a loanword, whereas "O raspoznavanii nekotoryx svojstv kontekstno-svobodnyx grammatik, I-ya Vsesojuznaja konferencija po programmirovaniju" is (IMO) clearly a quotation in romanized form of a long string from another language — in this case, a proper noun, name of a specific work. Importantly, if citations show something to be a loanword, it should have an entry even if the same string is also a romanization — hence e.g. both and  exist. - -sche (discuss) 17:25, 24 June 2014 (UTC)
 * , I would certainly agree that there is room for a great deal of flexibility on how entries are presented, what sorts of headers or limitations are used for the definitions themselves. Surely there is some middle ground that we can reach here. bd2412 T 18:49, 27 June 2014 (UTC)
 * 1)   per nom.  If it can be attested and doesn't violate NOT, it should be allowed an entry.  Purplebackpack89  (Notes Taken) (Locker) 14:10, 24 June 2014 (UTC)
 * 2)  as a straight-forward reading of CFI. We should make CFI explicitly support uses like Latin macron dropping and Esperanto diacritic normalization as well as not every single transliteration form ever, but that seems to be the role of a different proposal.--Prosfilaes (talk) 20:15, 24 June 2014 (UTC)

Oppose

 * Languages can borrow terms from each other even if they use different scripts. For example, is a Russian word and  is an English word.
 * Languages have native scripts. For example, Latin is the native script of modern English but is not the native script of Arabic, even though non-Latin scripts may be used to write English and Latin may be used to write Arabic.
 * Just because an unbroken sequence of letters is attested, it doesn’t mean we should include it. For example, we shouldn’t include rare misspellings and typos, typographical variants such as words in upper case due to being in the beginning of a sentence, or in all-caps, or using obsolete type variants (perſon), words with auxiliary diacritics (Latin macrons, Serbo-Croatian tone diacritics), words only used in reference to a fictional universe nor random keyboard-smashings that happen to be citable. I hope that transliterations will remain in this list.
 * In some cases it is useful to have romanisation entries, like Gothic which uses a script that few computers support by default. In my opinion, our current system of allowing individual languages to have them after case-by-case analysis is sufficient. Using to include words whose romanisation matches the pagename also helps.
 * (note: I am talking about romanisations as a level 3 heading, not about words whose etymology involves romanisation, like Tokyo). — Ungoliant (falai) 16:15, 23 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Languages can borrow terms from each other, but there will still be some terms that fall in the cracks. If people were more liberal about permitting italicized terms used in running English text, there would be less push for romanization entries.
 * Languages do not have native scripts. Languages have various scripts that are used to write them, frequently several scripts reaching a dominant position at some point and place, and most languages being written in multiple scripts. We may have a hard time attesting Arabic in Latin script, but dismissing a whole writing tradition on phones because of some prescriptivist attitude about which script Arabic is written in is absurd.
 * Latin macrons and Serbo-Croatian tone diacritics are about reducing complexity without losing information. I'm part of the informal consensus that Esperanto entries should have standard diacritic use, instead of a dozen different ASCIIfications, so I do understand that. But it's important that we don't throw out important data, and this started with someone who could not find a transliterated word in Wiktionary. Essentialist platonic arguments don't do anything to convince me that we should ignore reality.
 * To claim we write Gothic in the Latin scripts because of computers is to deny history and the current reality of the language. Go find someone who speaks Gothic and ask them to translate something for you; they will write down the answer in the Latin script, just like everyone who knows the language has done for over a hundred years, in the same script as every book of Gothic text ever printed. We can not and should not blind our eyes to how people use language in reality.--Prosfilaes (talk) 00:26, 24 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Written languages have scripts, and Wiktionary is a text-based resource, so we must organise our content based on writing. If they don’t, you won’t mind if I reply to your comments in whatever script I prefer? ᛁᚾ ᚱᚢᚾᛁᚳ ᛋᚳᚱᛁᛈᛏ?
 * Most Gothic is written in Latin script because philologists writing about it never cared to use the same script as the surviving texts. That few computers support Gothic by default is just one more reason why including Gothic romanisations is useful. — Ungoliant (falai) 01:30, 24 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Can you please convey your point without the sarcasm? This is the English language Wiktionary. You should not need to be told that we have discussions in English, using Latin script, not what comes across in my browser (and probably in those of others) as a series of boxes. Our definitions and headers are written in the English language, and in the Latin script, and it should also come as no surprise to you that our readers are likely to be looking for things in Latin text. If it amuses you to thwart and confuse readers, and prevent them from finding what they are looking for, I suspect that there are other websites better suited to providing that kind of entertainment. bd2412 T 02:34, 24 June 2014 (UTC)
 * No matter how you cut it, Deseret is a script of English; it was created by English speakers for English and used only for English. Does that mean it's okay to post in Deseret? Written texts have scripts, but users of languages can be remarkably flexible in what scripts they use, in a way they aren't, e.g., phonologically.
 * Which makes Latin the most common script for Gothic, and what we have for Gothic not romanizations. That's the script people use for Gothic, like it or not.--Prosfilaes (talk) 19:57, 24 June 2014 (UTC)
 * 1) . There are other ways to make users searching for transliterations happy. The proposed action is not the wisest and most efficient way of achieving that. Wyang (talk) 23:54, 23 June 2014 (UTC)
 * 2)  --Anatoli (обсудить/вклад) 06:14, 24 June 2014 (UTC)
 * 3)  --Dijan (talk) 06:42, 24 June 2014 (UTC)
 * 4)  -- Liliana • 19:21, 24 June 2014 (UTC)
 * 5) [[Image:Symbol oppose vote.svg|20px]] Oppose - -sche (discuss) 16:37, 13 July 2014 (UTC)
 * 6) [[Image:Symbol oppose vote.svg|20px]] Oppose, I think it would be bad for us tp include romanizations (which aren't words any more than a picture is a word). Renard Migrant (talk) 16:52, 13 July 2014 (UTC)
 * 1) [[Image:Symbol oppose vote.svg|20px]] Oppose, I think it would be bad for us tp include romanizations (which aren't words any more than a picture is a word). Renard Migrant (talk) 16:52, 13 July 2014 (UTC)

Decision
Fails 3–7 (30%). Thus, no change in policy is effected. —msh210℠ (talk) 18:30, 23 July 2014 (UTC)


text:
Wiktionary talk:Votes/pl-2014-06/Allowing attested romanizations

Status quo
AFAIK, there is no policy forbidding attested romanizations from being included. The vote you should have created is "Forbidding attested romanizations unless they have granted an exception". --Dan Polansky (talk) 17:29, 10 June 2014 (UTC)

 * For the benefit of anyone coming here without having read the BP thread, I will note that this subject is discussed in somewhat more detail there. I and some others feel that a vote is necessary to allow romanizations, because until now Wiktionary has tagged romanizations with Template:wrongscript, and/or simply moved them to the correct (native) script and/or deleted them, unless they were specifically allowed by a vote. I have noted that votes have been accepted as necessary even for languages such as Gothic which are more often found in romanized form than in native script, and I have noted that after one vote to allow romanizations of Punic and some other languages failed, a second vote washeld (and passed) before romanizations of Punic et al were allowed. (See also Template talk:romanization of.) On the other hand, Dan interprets WT:CFI as not containing an explicit ban on romanizations. The disagreement is somewhat reminiscent to me of those that occur when users argue that citing news websites / blogs / etc is acceptable because, in their interpretation, WT:CFI does not contain an explicit ban on news websites / blogs / etc. - -sche (discuss) 23:34, 10 June 2014 (UTC)
 * It's not really reminiscent. News websites are considered not to be permanently recorded media, a term used in WT:CFI. There is nothing in WT:CFI that corresponds to a ban on romanizations; in particular, there is no exclusion regulation in WT:CFI that uses a broader phrase of which romanizations would be a special case.
 * On another note, the fact that votes were created to explicitly allow romanizations is insufficient evidence for romanizations being forbidden before these votes; it is merely an evidence that at least one editor deemed the inclusion of romanizations controversial, or that he intended to have the inclusion explicitly codified. Similarly, the existence of Votes/pl-2014-04/Keeping common misspellings is no evidence for the claim that, before the vote, common misspellings were excluded from Wiktionary per policy or common practice; contrary is true; I created the vote since some editors started to vote in RFD for exclusion of common misspellings, without linking to relevant policy and contrary to previous common practice. --Dan Polansky (talk) 08:57, 14 June 2014 (UTC)

Drastic simplification
The vote creates an impression of complexity where there is rather little, IMHO. The proposal seems to say not much else but this:
 * "Romanizations shall be subject to WT:CFI, including WT:CFI and WT:CFI, rather than being excluded by default. For some languages, romanizations can be included even if unattested as long as the native-script form being romanized is attested, as per votes establishing that on a per-language basis."

--Dan Polansky (talk) 17:37, 10 June 2014 (UTC)

 * I think drastic simplification of this vote is unlikely to happen. But since multiple editors maintain that romanizations are excluded by default, the following vote should pass with their support: Votes/pl-2014-06/Excluding romanizations by default. The wording of the vote is simple by design. By contrast, Votes/pl-2014-06/Allowing attested romanizations may fail over a disagreement over wording and its implications. --Dan Polansky (talk) 07:04, 14 June 2014 (UTC)

Wording: is attested three times
The wording "is attested three times as per WT:CFI#Attestation" should ideally be improved, IMHO. It incorporates part of WT:ATTEST without incorporating other parts: it incorporates three times, without incorporating e.g. conveying meaning. Furthermore, it misleads, since being attested involves having the requisite number of independed quotations; on a strict reading, "being attested three times" does not really mean anything. IMHO, "is attested as per WT:CFI#Attestation" is the best one can do, since WT:CFI#Attestation already specifies what "attested" means.--Dan Polansky (talk) 18:22, 10 June 2014 (UTC)

 * The issues with saying "is attested as per WT:CFI" are that (a) WT:CFI considers words attested if they're used in well-known works, and moreover (b) words in most of the living languages Wiktionary covers are considered attested if they have "only one use or mention". If one wishes, as BD does, to require that romanizations of words in these languages be attested by three (or more) uses, then it is necessary to spell that requirement out, since it is higher than the requirment that would be imposed by saying "attested per WT:CFI". - -sche (discuss) 18:56, 10 June 2014 (UTC)

 * Re "conveying meaning": I'm not sure it would be wise to include wording about "use" or "meaning" in this vote. If such wording is included, and the vote passes, the users who have already expressed the opinion that romanizations are not "uses" and/or don't convey meaning will presumably continue to express that opinion and thus argue that the vote has not actually allowed some or all of the romanizations which proponents probably read it as allowing. In short, I'd like this vote to clarify the inclusion or exclusion of romanizations, and I think such wording would actually invite continued unclarity and disagreement. - -sche (discuss) 19:08, 10 June 2014 (UTC)
 * I disagree. Compare the following:
 * But, just as always when faced by crisis, the peasant sought solace in the rodnoi village and in the all-protective commune.
 * But, just as always when faced by crisis, the peasant sought solace in the gkkkkg village and in the all-protective commune.
 * I believe that the average reader will assume that the "rodnoi" in the first sentence means something (which they may need to look up in a dictionary), while the "gkkkkg" in the second sentence is meaningless gibberish. Obviously, every word in "ih'dinā l-ṣirāṭa l-mus'taqīma ṣirāṭa alladhīna anʿamta ʿalayhim ghayri l-maghḍūbi ʿalayhim walā l-ḍālīna" or "Henansheng 1937 xianyi shiling zhuangding tongji biao. Zhongguo dierlishi danganguan" conveys meaning, even if assistance is needed to understand that meaning. bd2412 T 21:19, 10 June 2014 (UTC)

 * I disagree with this criterium and I won't be supporting it, except perhaps as a stepping stone. Attestation of the romanization itself should not be required in the case that the transliteration follows a regular and established scheme, such as IAST for Sanskrit. I don't see the practical value in requiring attestation for transliterations separately, it would increase maintenance for us and not serve any purpose to our users to exclude them. After all, does Wiktionary's quality really improve in any way by excluding them? That should really be our primary concern. The criteria we use for Gothic or Japanese are much more workable. 21:21, 10 June 2014 (UTC)
 * There's a separate vote proposed for Sanskrit that doesn't include this provision. However, to the extent that common lay romanizations exist (and do not necessarily follow "a regular and established scheme"), their inclusion should be CFI attestation-based. Including romanizations of certain languages, Cyrillic languages for example, seems to engender more opposition. bd2412 T 21:41, 10 June 2014 (UTC)
 * For Cyrillic I imagine the main problem is that although transliteration standards exist, there are many of them and even then people widely use nonstandard schemes too. Even Wiktionary uses a nonstandard transliteration for some Russian words... 22:56, 10 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Here we go again. None of "standard transliterations" is used in Russian-foreign language dictionaries. Languages like Russian, Greek are considered easy, in term of the script. If a transliteration is used, as in textbooks or phrasebooks, it is phonetic, not literal and is always customised for specific books, so is Wiktionary transliteration for Russian. There is no need for romanised Russian or Greek entries, anyway. Specific language policies, common practice and common sense dictate that e.g. Russian is written in Cyrillic, Greek uses Greek alphabet, Hindi is written in Devanagari and Arabic in Arabic script, not in Roman letters. --Anatoli (обсудить/вклад) 23:37, 10 June 2014 (UTC)
 * We aren't looking to add these because these words need some system of transliteration (at least, that's not my thinking). The whole purpose of maintaining an attestation requirement is so that our entries reflect words as they are used in the real world. In other words, we have entries because readers will see things that look like words that they would reasonably expect that a dictionary would helpfully define for them. I say, let's be helpful. bd2412 T 00:49, 11 June 2014 (UTC)
 * For a simple Russian word like, you will find xorošó/xorošo, horošó/horošo, khorošó/khorošo, khoroshó/khorosho, or more phonetically also appearing in books, phrasebooks - kharasho or harasho. They are all unnecessary, they are not in the native script and we don't cater for all possible transliterations for each language in proper, native script entries, so these are not even searchable.
 * I'm worried about the future state of Wiktionary, if we allow various transliterations as entries, it looks it's going to be at the expense of native scripts. Users and editors will simply believe that it's OK to write in Roman letters in any language, as was the case with Pinyin and Romaji entries. The active proponents of these introductions are not even actively working in foreign languages, such as Sanskrit, and not planning too, only worried about their romanisations. It's a worrying trend that arguments used that Sanskrit should be written in Roman letters, not Devanagari. Search functionality can be improved, for that we don't need mass-introduction of romanised entries in languages, normally not written in Roman. --Anatoli (обсудить/вклад) 01:06, 11 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Correct me if I'm wrong, but uses in dictionaries and phrasebooks would not count as uses for the CFI, would they? If there is a "worrying trend" to address, it seems to me that it is the practice of authors in the world generally romanizing these scripts. We are merely here to provide definitions for words used by authors. It might be just as worrying that we include common misspellings, which might encourage people to think that these spellings are legitimate, or that we include grammatically disfavored constructions like ain't and eye dialect spellings like cuméquié. I would also note that requiring strict attestation (which the vast majority of our entries do not have) means that we will not be autogenerating these entries, but that editors who wish to make them will have to make them based on finding the attestations first. I do not anticipate a flood of new entries based on this criteria; rather, I expect that very common transliterations and transliterations that are confusingly similar to existing words will be the ones to be made. With respect to these romanizations, would it be helpful if the entries contained a note stating that these words are not usually written in their romanized form? bd2412 T 01:56, 11 June 2014 (UTC)
 * A published phrasebook or textbook may meet CFI by the current proposal (they would also be uses, not mentions). I think hard redirects, using would be sufficient, if the existing search functionality is not helping. If a user successfully arrives at the proper script entry, I don't think they need to be further explained that the Roman spelling they used is the transliteration (usually appears in brackets or in special boxes). Common misspellings are not the same thing, that's a native feature of languages and they are common by definition. I don't quite follow your real intention, motive or interest, looking at your various posts. Are you interested in Sanskrit? Are you learning it? Do you have trouble finding entries? Is it a problem only for words that use diacritics? Any chosen Wiktionary transliteration may not cover all possible ways a transliteration of a word may appear in print, a Sanskrit term ददाति may appear as "dádāti" or as "dadāti". If a word is a proper noun, it may be even considered an English word, it may qualify for inclusion, even if it uses Sanskrit-specific diacritics. --Anatoli (обсудить/вклад) 02:18, 11 June 2014 (UTC)
 * The problem is, I'm not interested in Sanskrit at all. I am interested in being able to define words that I come across. As I have explained elsewhere, I specifically came across mahā while fixing disambiguation links on Wikipedia, and needed a Wiktionary entry to point some of those links to. I searched here, but putting "mahā" in the search engine unhelpfully took me to maha; I was only able to find mahā by using my admin bit (which most readers will not have) to look at the previously deleted article at this title. If mahā happened to be a word in any language written with Latin script, I wouldn't have found it that way either. As it happens, this is not the first transliteration for which I've seen the issue of inclusion arise. I created the entry ayubowan all the way back in 2006. I'm sure I just came across it in a book or a newspaper somewhere. It was there as a Sinhalese entry for over seven years before anyone objected, and after an RfD it was ultimately kept as an "English" word. It may well be a "regional" loanword, but I continue to find it strange that it sits here as part of the English corpus, not the Sinhalese. bd2412 T 02:48, 11 June 2014 (UTC)
 * ayubowan was found to be an English word by Wiktionarians, whether it's true or not, it's beyond the point of this discussion. The proper Sinhalese entry ආයුබෝවන් can be found either by using "ayubowan" or "āyubōvan" in the search, regardless whether ayubowan exists or not. The same story is with "mahā" -mahā, which can link you to महत्, మహా or maha (which now has ). Whether it's easy or hard to find words by their transliterations, it's a technical feature of Wiktionary. It's always harder to find shorter words, even if they're spelled in Roman letters. --Anatoli (обсудить/вклад) 03:00, 11 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Flip the ayubowan situation around, though. If that is "English", what is to prevent the inclusion of every transliteration from any language found in English running text under the theory that it is an "English" loanword? Isn't that just as bad (and apparently permissible, as of now)? bd2412 T 03:38, 11 June 2014 (UTC)
 * I don't think it's the same. English, more than other languages, absorbs words form all over the world. English speakers in Sri Lanka use "ayubowan" even if they speak English, it gives their speech a special flavour. In short, if a word penetrated English (or other language) in some form, then it's English. As I said, it's not an RFV discussion, I'm not trying to prove that "ayubowan" is an English word, if you think that it was not permissable, you can reopen the RFD/RFV. Every transliteration may only be applicable to specific non-Roman languages. It needs to be proven that that transliteration IS indeed an English loanword (without double quotes). Yes, it would be very bad, not just as bad, to report transliterations as English words. You have to be clear what you're really trying to achieve, either have L2 English entries as transliterations or another language entries (soft/hard redirects/full-blown entries). --Anatoli (обсудить/вклад) 03:51, 11 June 2014 (UTC)

Romanizations allowed by other votes
Should a technical note be added to this vote to make explicit that romanizations which are allowed subject to lower requirements (e.g. Punic romanizations and toned Pinyin, which per other votes are not required to be attested at all) are not affected by this vote and continue to be allowed subject to those lower requirements? I don't think it's necessary, but it might prevent people who don't read through the reams of RFD, BP and talk page discussion from thinking that this vote would apply attestation requirements to Punic, Pinyin, etc. PS, "lower requirements" could be changed to "other requirements" if people want to keep the above-mentioned ban on multi-syllabic toneless pinyin intact. - -sche (discuss) 22:31, 10 June 2014 (UTC)
 * There should probably be a link to the agreements that were made in the past concerning transliterations, and explicitly state that the vote only applies to the languages that are not covered by those past votes. 22:57, 10 June 2014 (UTC)
 * I don't think that much specificity is needed. (For one thing, it would require tracking down all the votes Wiktionary has had on transliterations.) And, as I stated, some people may want to overturn the previous arrangements which instituted higher requirements than this vote. - -sche (discuss) 23:38, 10 June 2014 (UTC)
 * I certainly agree that this is not a vote intended to raise the requirements over those struck in any previous discussion. bd2412 T 00:50, 11 June 2014 (UTC)

One possible format of romanization entries
I don't think votes should decide details of format, so I emphasize that this is not part of the proposal, but I couldn't think of a better place to float this thought about one possible format of romanization entries: Have a template similar to, which by default would just display "Romanization of", but which would have a parameter that could be set to specify particular romanization schemes: We'd have to be careful, though: many romanization systems have considerable overlap, so entries like [[i]] could end up looking like: ...or we could just say something like "Common romanization of" in such cases. In fact, if we were clever and wanted to, we could even make it so that it was possible to specify all those parameters, and the template just knew that if more than some number (say, 3) of schemes was specified, it should reduce the displayed text to "Common romanization of". - -sche (discuss) 03:17, 11 June 2014 (UTC)
 * → IAST romanization of foobar.
 * → Nonstandard romanization of foobar.
 * → Nonstandard romanization of foobar. (Notice where the first link goes.) (Alternatively, if we were very clever, we could make the template recognize that the combination of from=nonstandard and lang=ru should result in the link going to Informal romanizations of Russian.)
 * → ISO 1968, ISO 1995, GOST 1971, GOST 2002, ALA-LC and BGN-PCGN romanization of и.

 * What's the point of envisaging all this chaos? Wouldn't it be more worthwhile to develop gadgets which allow language-specific, transliteration/transcription field-specific searches, or write reverse transliteration modules and use them in an advanced ambiguous transliteration search function? Wyang (talk) 03:54, 11 June 2014 (UTC)

merge the votes
I propose that, instead of having two separate up-or-down votes, the proposal in this vote and the proposal at [[Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2014-06/Excluding romanizations by default]] be merged into one vote that contrasts them and any other options people think of before the vote starts. That would be simpler (one vote) and cleaner (allow people to express their true opinions instead of merely voting yea or nay on the proposers' wording). —msh210℠ (talk) 17:19, 16 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Discussion has continued at [[Wiktionary talk:Votes/pl-2014-06/Excluding romanizations by default]]. —msh210℠ (talk) 23:52, 16 June 2014 (UTC)

User:-sche/svobodnyx
User:-sche/svobodnyx is more than a "modicum of information...". I strongly appose citations and anything other than headers and links:

This below is the modicum, if we follow other (allowed) romanisation entries

svobodnyx

 * 1) Romanization of свободных.

Citations (if they are required), should be moved to citations page. --Anatoli (обсудить/вклад) 03:11, 17 June 2014 (UTC)

 * The only difference between your format and mine, AFAICT, is that mine includes citations. Because this is a vote on including attested romanizations if and only if they are attested, citations have to be present. They could be included on the citations page, with used in the entry, but that seems entirely unnecessary. - -sche (discuss) 04:41, 17 June 2014 (UTC)
 * That's what I meant - on the citations page, not the entry page, otherwise it looks like a full language entry, which it isn't. --Anatoli (обсудить/вклад) 05:04, 17 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Having the citations only on the Citations: pages as you propose is okay with me. --Dan Polansky (talk) 19:09, 18 June 2014 (UTC)
 * This is exactly what I had in mind. Here's a cite, by the way:
 * 1968, Kaufman, V. Sh. O raspoznavanii nekotoryx svojstv kontekstno-svobodnyx grammatik, I-ya Vsesojuznaja konferencija po programmirovaniju, Kiev, 1968. [Title of article reported in Computer and Automation Institute, Computational linguistics and computer languages (1969), p. 92].
 * Cheers! bd2412 T 20:38, 18 June 2014 (UTC)
 * What is your preference regarding the placement on the citations? Is requiring them to be placed on a citations page rather than in the entry OK? - -sche (discuss) 20:59, 18 June 2014 (UTC)
 * I have no preference, but I think it's a non-issue, since citations on the entry page are hidden anyway. If they are on the citations page, then the entry requires a header and link to the citations page, which actually takes up a bigger footprint. See, e.g., noctivagant, which has both. I would add that in my opinion, they serve different functions. Quotes in the entry are definitional, showing the reader how the word is typically used to elucidate its meaning. Citations on the citations page demonstrate the existence of the term for the etymological record, and (ideally) give a sense of how long it has been in use, how current it is, and how it has evolved in usage over time. We've never really hammered these things out, but that seems like common sense to me. <i style="background:lightgreen">bd2412</i> T 22:44, 18 June 2014 (UTC)
 * OK, I have changed the format of the example entry. - -sche (discuss) 01:25, 19 June 2014 (UTC)


text: 单车

title: 单车


text:
單車

Noun

 * 1)  bicycle

Usage notes
In mainland China, it is often used to refer to bicycles in a bicycle-sharing system.

title: 單車


text:
Citations:Ameritrash

Noun: "(sometimes derogatory) a genre of board games predominant in the United States..."

 * 2008, "German recreation: An affinity for rules?", The Economist, 28 August 2008:
 * Euro (also “German-style”) games must not be confused with “Ameritrash” games, which generally involve high drama and employ plastic pieces, though arguing over what the difference is seems to be gamers' second-favourite pastime.
 * 2012, Keith Burgun, Game Design Theory: A New Philosophy for Understanding Games, CRC Press (2013), ISBN 9781466554207, page 55:
 * It's worth noting that Ameritrash games seem to have the most in common with modern video games: heavily thematic experiences with a big focus on production values.
 * 2012, Scott Rogers, Swipe This!: The Guide to Great Touchscreen Game Design, John Wiley & Sons (2012), ISBN 9781119940548, page 231:
 * Ameritrash players like to play games with lots of dice, blind luck and space marines fighting zombies.
 * 2014, James Stubbs, "Traditional Board Games: From Ameritrash to Eurogames", in Teen Games Rule!: A Librarian's Guide to Platforms and Programs (eds. Julie Scordato & Ellen Forsyth), ABC-CLIO (2014), ISBN 9781598847048, page 72:
 * Risk and Monopoly are the poster children of Ameritrash.

Noun: "(derogatory) American people viewed as stupid or contemptible"

 * 1986, Ellis Weiner, "The Last Working Stiff", Spy, December 1986, page 50:
 * These individuals, either by birth or marriage, have acquired trust fund wings, which permit them to defy the law of economic gravity that rules everyone else. They are Ameritrash.
 * 2003, Steve Johnson, "An 'SNL' to make you wish you lived in Iowa, Chicago Tribune, 8 December 2003:
 * Ameritrash heiress and, now, reality-TV star Paris Hilton coming on to mock her Internet sex tape was funny, until Fallon's winking performance pushed the dialogue past sly innuendo and into sophomoric overkill.
 * 2004, David Brooks, On Paradise Drive: How We Live Now (And Always Have) in the Future Tense, Simon & Schuster (2004), ISBN 0743262859, page 19:
 * Late at night in these neighborhoods, you find the Ameritrash, the club-happy, E-popping, pacifier-sucking people who live in a world of gold teeth caps, colorful scarfwear,

title: Citations:Ameritrash


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/mēnis

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) ore, metal
 * 2) mine

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/mēnis


text: pīlù

title: pīlù


text: gōngbù

title: gōngbù


text: tǐxiàn

title: tǐxiàn


text: tíshēng

title: tíshēng


text: shēngguān

title: shēngguān


text: 昇官

title: 昇官


text: miǎnchú

title: miǎnchú


text: fēngshōu

title: fēngshōu


text: fùsū

title: fùsū


text: 復蘇

title: 復蘇


text: mángmáng

title: mángmáng


text: 极光

title: 极光


text: jíguāng

title: jíguāng


text: 瑰丽

title: 瑰丽


text:
瑰麗

Adjective

 * 1) exceptionally beautiful; magnificent

title: 瑰麗


text:
fucked-upest

Etymology
From.

title: fucked-upest


text: guīlì

title: guīlì


text:
規例

Noun

 * 1) regulations

title: 規例


text: 规例

title: 规例


text: guānglǎn

title: guānglǎn


text:
纜車

Noun

 * 1) cable car; ropeway; gondola; chairlift
 * 2) funicular cable railway

Usage notes
The term only refers to funicular railways in Mainland China but can refer to both types of cable cars in Hong Kong and Taiwan. Hanging cable cars are called in Mainland China or alternatively  in Hong Kong.

title: 纜車


text: 缆车

title: 缆车


text: lǎnchē

title: lǎnchē


text:
索道

Noun

 * 1)  cableway; ropeway

Noun

 * 1) a cableway, ropeway

title: 索道


text: suǒdào

title: suǒdào


text: cableways

title: cableways


text:
纜索

Noun

 * 1) cable

title: 纜索


text: 缆索

title: 缆索


text:
纜繩

Noun

 * 1) cable

title: 纜繩


text: 缆绳

title: 缆绳


text: lǎnsuǒ

title: lǎnsuǒ


text: lǎnshéng

title: lǎnshéng


text: hànzú

title: hànzú


text:
쏜살같이

Etymology
+ +  +  +

Adverb

 * 1) like an arrow, fast, swiftly, quickly

title: 쏜살같이


text: questions-tags

title: questions-tags


text:
협잡질

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) trickery, fraud

title: 협잡질


text:
옳아

Etymology
+

Interjection

 * 1) yes, true, right

title: 옳아


text:
死没

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) death

Verb

 * 1) to die

Synonyms

 * See Thesaurus:死ぬ

title: 死没


text:
결정짓다

Etymology
+

Verb

 * 1) to make a decision, to decide

title: 결정짓다


text: しぼつ

title: しぼつ


text:
monestrous

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  Of or pertaining to a mammal, such as the dog, that only enters into heat once during each of its normal breeding cycles.

title: monestrous


text:
英聯邦

Proper noun

 * 1)  Commonwealth of Nations; British Commonwealth

title: 英聯邦


text: 英联邦

title: 英联邦


text:
脫髮

Verb

 * 1) to lose one's hair

Noun

 * 1) alopecia; trichomadesis

title: 脫髮


text: 脱发

title: 脱发


text:
🈁

Symbol

 * 1) Indicates where the reader is on a map. (ココ or  means "here")


text:
벚꽃

Etymology
From +.

Noun

 * 1) cherry blossom, sakura

title: 벚꽃


text:
벚

Noun

 * 1) cherry

title: 벚


text:
白頭偕老

Idiom

 * 1)  to live together until the white hairs of old age; to live to a ripe old age in conjugal bliss until death do us part; to remain happily married to a ripe old age

title: 白頭偕老


text: 白头偕老

title: 白头偕老


text:
🈯

Symbol

 * 1)  designated hitter
 * 2) reserved


text:
cistierne

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) cistern

title: cistierne


text:
五十步笑一百步

Etymology
See.

Idiom

 * 1) pot calling the kettle black

title: 五十步笑一百步


text: 萨它尔

title: 萨它尔


text: 薩它爾

title: 薩它爾


text:
牛腿琴

Noun

 * 1)  niutuiqin, a bowed or plucked lute used by the Dong people of China

title: 牛腿琴


text:
🈲

Symbol

 * 1) prohibited


text:
牛筋琴

Noun

 * 1)  niujinqin, a struck zither used to accompany traditional narrative singing in Wenzhou, Zhejiang province, China

title: 牛筋琴


text:
六弦琴

Noun

 * 1) a Tibetan string instrument

title: 六弦琴


text: 桑塔利语

title: 桑塔利语


text:
桑塔利語

Proper noun

 * 1) Santali language

title: 桑塔利語


text:
🈳

Symbol

 * 1) empty
 * 2) vacancy (unoccupied position, available room)


text:
pitruolgio

Etymology
From, from +. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) petroleum, oil

title: pitruolgio


text:
🈴

Symbol

 * 1) passed (examination, test)


text: 滩簧

title: 滩簧


text:
灘簧

Noun

 * 1)  tanhuang, a style of regional opera native to the Yangtze River region, popular during the Qing Dynasty

title: 灘簧


text: 杂剧

title: 杂剧


text:
🈵

Symbol

 * 1) full
 * 2) no vacancy (no position or room)


text: 雜劇

title: 雜劇


text:
scuvierzi

Etymology
From +. Compare 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to discover, uncover, find out

title: scuvierzi


text:
門球

Noun

 * 1) croquet
 * 2) goal ball

title: 門球


text: 门球

title: 门球


text: ménqiú

title: ménqiú


text:
毛錢

Noun

 * 1)  coin of ten or twenty cent denominations

title: 毛錢


text: 毛钱

title: 毛钱


text: máoqián

title: máoqián


text: 蛾绿

title: 蛾绿


text:
蛾綠

Noun

 * 1) A bluegreen-black pigment used by women in ancient times to paint their eyebrows.
 * 2)  ink
 * 3)  eyebrows
 * 4)  black-coloured mountains

title: 蛾綠


text: 黑冠麻鹭

title: 黑冠麻鹭


text:
民情

Noun

 * 1) a people's lifestyle and cultural practices; condition of the people
 * 2) popular sentiment; public feeling; feelings of the people

title: 民情


text:
黑冠麻鷺

Noun

 * 1) Malayan night heron

title: 黑冠麻鷺


text: mínqíng

title: mínqíng


text:
薰衣草

Noun

 * 1) lavender

title: 薰衣草


text: 大酱

title: 大酱


text:
大醬

Noun

 * 1) Korean soybean paste (doenjang)

title: 大醬


text:
待會見

Phrase

 * 1) see you, see you later

title: 待會見


text: 待会见

title: 待会见


text:
粉彩

Noun

 * 1)  on Chinese ceramics
 * 2) pastel

title: 粉彩


text: 皮皮剉

title: 皮皮剉


text:
կանխել

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to arrive beforehand, to anticipate
 * 2) to prevent, to avert, to hinder
 * 3)  to hurry, to rush

title: կանխել


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/MewBot and Esperanto verb forms

I notice MewBot doesn't seem to be creating Esperanto verb forms lately. Any idea when that'll start happening again?


text:
됨됨

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) a person's nature; disposition; personality; character

title: 됨됨


text: 따뜻

title: 따뜻


text:
묶다

Verb

 * 1) to tie up, to bind
 * 2) to restrict, to limit, to constrain
 * 3) to collect, to pull together
 * 1) to restrict, to limit, to constrain
 * 2) to collect, to pull together

title: 묶다


text: 사랑스러워

title: 사랑스러워


text: 아름다워

title: 아름다워


text: 娇羞

title: 娇羞


text:
嬌羞

Adjective

 * 1)  shy and lovable; bashful; coy

title: 嬌羞


text:
κονσόλα

Noun

 * 1)  console

title: κονσόλα


text:
desrick

Etymology
Originally an Appalachian and North Carolinian dialectal term.

Noun

 * 1)  A roughly built cabin or shanty.

title: desrick


text:
球衣

Noun

 * 1) jersey T-shirt

title: 球衣


text:
βιντεοπαιχνίδι

Noun

 * 1)  video game

title: βιντεοπαιχνίδι


text:
야하다

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) to be lewd, to be NSFW
 * 2) to be erotic

title: 야하다


text:
야한

Noun

 * 1) coldness at night

title: 야한


text:
얽매다

Etymology
+ . Contraction of.

Verb

 * 1) to tie
 * 2) to limit, to restrict

Derived terms

 * Passive:

title: 얽매다


text:
찌그러지다

Verb

 * 1) to become crushed, to be squashed, to lose its shape

Related terms

 * Ablaut form:

title: 찌그러지다


text:
갈비

Noun

 * 1)  ribs
 * 2) kalbi, galbi (a Korean barbecued rib dish)
 * 3)  a skinny person, a living skeleton

title: 갈비


text:
말라깽이

Noun

 * 1)  a skinny person, a living skeleton

title: 말라깽이


text:
blue falcon

Etymology
From the same initial letters as "buddy-fucker."

Noun

 * 1)  A supposed comrade whose actions harm his friends, often but not always, for his own benefit.

title: blue falcon


text: blue falcons

title: blue falcons


text:
miedi

Etymology
From. The -ie- may be an unexpected outcome (cf. < Latin ); if so, there may have been influence from 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) doctor, physician

title: miedi


text:
Citations:battle buddy

 * 2010, Helen Benedict, The Lonely Soldier: The Private War of Women Serving in Iraq
 * Part of [what was] keeping women fearful is the idea of the battle buddy. As at Camp Arifjan, the women at Speicher were told never to go anywhere at night without a battle buddy for protection. Ironically, because there were so few women, that buddy often had to be a man.

title: Citations:battle buddy


text: Category:th:Weapons

title: Category:th:Weapons


text:
Ameritrash

Etymology
. The board game sense was originally used by Eurogame fans to deride American-style board games, but was later adopted by fans of these games.

Noun

 * 1)  American people viewed as stupid or contemptible.
 * 2) * 2003, Steve Johnson, "An 'SNL' to make you wish you lived in Iowa, Chicago Tribune, 8 December 2003:
 * Ameritrash heiress and, now, reality-TV star Paris Hilton coming on to mock her Internet sex tape was funny, until Fallon's winking performance pushed the dialogue past sly innuendo and into sophomoric overkill.
 * Ameritrash heiress and, now, reality-TV star Paris Hilton coming on to mock her Internet sex tape was funny, until Fallon's winking performance pushed the dialogue past sly innuendo and into sophomoric overkill.

Noun

 * 1)  A genre of board games predominant in the United States, characterized by a high degree of luck, longer playtimes, player conflict, and highly developed, often dramatic themes, especially involving war or adventure.

title: Ameritrash


text:
восемсот

Etymology
.

Numeral

 * 1)  eight hundred

title: восемсот


text:
дзевяцьсот

Numeral

 * 1)  nine hundred

title: дзевяцьсот


text: elektrontje

title: elektrontje


text: elektrontjes

title: elektrontjes


text: elektronnetje

title: elektronnetje


text: elektronnetjes

title: elektronnetjes


text: elektronenbuizen

title: elektronenbuizen


text: elektronenbuisje

title: elektronenbuisje


text: elektronenbuisjes

title: elektronenbuisjes


text: elftalletje

title: elftalletje


text: elftalletjes

title: elftalletjes


text: ellenden

title: ellenden


text: ellendes

title: ellendes


text: ellendetje

title: ellendetje


text: ellendetjes

title: ellendetjes


text: ellipsje

title: ellipsje


text: ellipsjes

title: ellipsjes


text:
Talk:大酱

Also Chinese (not only Korean)
I believe dajiang is also made and eaten in China, by Chinese people, particularly in Dongbei (northeast China), among people of both Manchu and Han ethnicity. 173.89.236.187 07:30, 10 June 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:大酱


text:
дзве тысячы

Etymology
Cognates include 🇨🇬.

Numeral

 * 1)  two thousand

title: дзве тысячы


text:
тры тысячы

Etymology
Cognates include 🇨🇬.

Numeral

 * 1)  three thousand

title: тры тысячы


text:
чатыры тысячы

Etymology
Cognates include 🇨🇬.

Numeral

 * 1)  four thousand

title: чатыры тысячы


text:
Platycodon grandiflorus

Hypernyms

 * - order; - subfamilyl  - family;  - genus

title: Platycodon grandiflorus


text:
пяць тысяч

Etymology
Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Numeral

 * 1)  five thousand

title: пяць тысяч


text:
шэсць тысяч

Etymology
Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Numeral

 * 1)  six thousand

title: шэсць тысяч


text: emiraatje

title: emiraatje


text: emiraatjes

title: emiraatjes


text:
сем тысяч

Etymology
Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Numeral

 * 1)  seven thousand

title: сем тысяч


text:
дзевяць тысяч

Etymology
Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Numeral

 * 1)  nine thousand

title: дзевяць тысяч


text:
дзесяць тысяч

Etymology
Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Numeral

 * 1)  ten thousand

title: дзесяць тысяч


text: emotionaliteiten

title: emotionaliteiten


text:
坑坑窪窪

Adjective

 * 1) bumpy of roads

title: 坑坑窪窪


text:
han-kiinalainen

Etymology
🇰🇲

Adjective

 * 1) Han Chinese referring to the largest ethnic group indigenous to China

title: han-kiinalainen


text: 坑坑洼洼

title: 坑坑洼洼


text: kēngkengwāwā

title: kēngkengwāwā


text:
Caesalpinia sappan

Hypernyms

 * - order; - family;  - subfamily;  - tribe;  - genus

title: Caesalpinia sappan


text:
luzerna

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) oil lamp

title: luzerna


text:
jatkotoimenpide

Noun

 * 1) follow-up subsidiary action taken as the result of an event

title: jatkotoimenpide


text: Category:Slovak terms derived from Etruscan


text: Category:Slovak terms derived from Tyrsenian languages


text:
ffrog

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) dress, frock

title: ffrog


text: Category:Livonian letters

title: Category:Livonian letters


text: Category:Livonian symbols

title: Category:Livonian symbols


text:
sgert

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) skirt

title: sgert


text:
һунар

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) hunting

title: һунар


text: avaten

title: avaten


text:
һунарсы

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) hunter

title: һунарсы


text: ȱ

title: ȱ


text:
ȭ

Pronunciation

 * (in the first syllable of word); the unstressed doesn't have a long version.

title: ȭ


text:
とうきゅう

Noun

 * 1)  throwing a ball, pitch
 * 2)  grade, class

title: とうきゅう


text:
Wiktionary:Translation requests/archive/2014-04

= April 2014 =

English to Celtic
The scars you cannot see are the hardest to heal.

 * Is iad na coilm dofheicthe an chuid is mó deacair a leigheas. (doublecheck it) —Stephen (Talk) 08:45, 3 April 2014 (UTC)

Latin to English (and Portuguese, if possible)
Explicit liber exopy cum alegorijs. Deo gracias.

 * Explicit liber ex opii cum alegoriis. Deo gracias.
 * Here ends the book of works with allegories. By the grace of God.

Finito libro, sit laus, gloria Christo.

 * At the end of the book, let there be praise and glory to Christ

Scriptor est talis demostrat littera qualis. Liuscomaes (talk) 20:47, 2 April 2014 (UTC)

 * The Scribe is as great as is shown by the quality of the letters.
 * (ie: A scribe is only as good as his letters.)
 * --Catsidhe (verba, facta) 21:13, 2 April 2014 (UTC)

 * Aqui termina o livro de obras com alegorias. Pela graça de Deus.
 * No final do livro, que haja louvor e glória de Cristo.
 * O escriba é tão grande como é mostrado pela qualidade das letras. —Stephen (Talk) 08:26, 3 April 2014 (UTC)

 * Thank You Liuscomaes (talk) 09:00, 3 April 2014 (UTC)

english to afrikaans
ever since you came into my life, my life has been nothing but great. now i know how it feels like to look at you and smile for no reason.

 * Vandat jy in my lewe gekom het, my lewe is wonderlik. Nou weet ek hoe dit voel om te kyk na jou en glimlag vir geen rede. —Stephen (Talk) 08:19, 3 April 2014 (UTC)

English to Sanskrit request
Please translate below;

"One contains all"

Thanks!

 * ऐकगुण्य सर्वधा (aikaguṇya sarvadhā) (double-check it) —Stephen (Talk) 08:13, 3 April 2014 (UTC)

English/Latin translation
Hi everyone, I would like to see this quotation translated from English to Latin: "Fights for the one who can't" in latin please! Thanks

 * "Fights" as a typo of verb "fight": Pugnā prō illīs quibus non possunt.
 * "Fights" as a typo of noun "fight": Pugna prō illīs quibus non possunt.
 * "Fights" as a verb, 3rd person singular: Pugnat prō illīs quibus non possunt.
 * "Fights" as a noun, plural: Pugnae prō illīs quibus non possunt.
 * --kc_kennylau (talk) 09:55, 3 April 2014 (UTC)

 * Thanks you very much!

 * -- There are some mistakes in those translations. "illīs" and "possunt" have the wrong number, and "quibus" is in the wrong case as well. It would be better to say "illō", "potest", and "quī", respectively. —Mr. Granger (talk • contribs) 20:20, 3 April 2014 (UTC)

---So after correction it will be: Pugnā prō illō quī non potest It is right?

I need to translate from english to italian
I am also searching for true love

english into scots gaelic
To have and to hold today and always

could someone help me to translate a sentence to latin?
The sentence is : Do not pray for easier life. Pray to be a stronger man.
 * Vitam faciliorem non ora. Ora ut vir validior sis. —Mr. Granger (talk • contribs) 20:29, 3 April 2014 (UTC)

wedding vowes
Translate "even on the days i don't like you i will still love you."

 * Incluso en los días en que no me gustas, todavía te amaré. —Stephen (Talk) 04:07, 4 April 2014 (UTC)

birthday wishes
Thank you so much for the birthday wishes, really means a lot. May God bless you.

 * Muchas gracias por los deseos del cumpleaños, en realidad significan mucho. Que Dios os bendiga. (Castilian Spanish)
 * Muchas gracias por los deseos del cumpleaños, en realidad significan mucho. Que Dios los bendiga. (Mexican Spanish)
 * Merci mille fois de vos vœux d'anniversaire, ils vraiment signifient beaucoup. Que Dieu vous bénisse. (French)

English to Sanskrit translation for a tattoo
Hello,

I need a sentence translated in Sanskrit. Me and my bffs want this tattooed so I really wouldn't want to actually put something silly permanently on my or their bodies. So it is critical for it to be accurate. I am an Indian and I have learned Sanskrit but I just remember few sentences not good with grammar at all. It is a complicated language. Therefore I would be delighted if you could give me a precise translation of the sentence below!

"True friendship is a sacred treasure!"

Please email at karrie. I don't know if you really email people when it is ready. Although, it would be nice if I could be notified in some way.

Thank you so much in advance whoever does it and the wiki team to make it possible at such convenience.

Have great days ahead! :)

 * महामैत्री ब्राह्मनिधि (This is my suggestion. Get more opinions.) —Stephen (Talk) 07:50, 6 April 2014 (UTC)

jsalazarcabanillas
thanks for such very nice words that makes me feel better today

 * Gracias por esas palabras tan bonitas. Me hacen sentir mejor hoy. —Stephen (Talk) 00:52, 5 April 2014 (UTC)

translation English to hindi
we have had your people under observation for a long time now.

 * हम अपने लोगों को अब लंबे समय के लिए प्रेक्षण के तहत पड़ा है। —Stephen (Talk) 07:20, 6 April 2014 (UTC)

In translated french
I know the real reason why i miss you it simply because I love you.
 * Je connais la vraie raison pour laquelle tu me manques, c'est simplement que je t'aime. --Ludela (talk) 18:52, 6 April 2014 (UTC)

translate in italian
A mother is she who can take the place of all others,but whose place no one else can take.

 * Una madre è quella che può prendere il posto di tutti gli altri, ma il cui posto nessun altro può prendere. —Stephen (Talk) 21:03, 7 April 2014 (UTC)

English to Latin Translation Request
Good afternoon all.

I would like to make a request for an English to Latin translation. The below sentence within quotes is what I would like translated, if possible.

"Our only future is now"

Thank you in advance to whomever can help out :)

 * Quid futurum est praesens. (doublecheck it) —Stephen (Talk) 21:10, 7 April 2014 (UTC)

Thank you so much for your quick response :D

Latin to English
Illa est vera amicicia que nom querit ex rebus amicy nisy sollam benyvolemtiam (Seneca) Liuscomaes (talk) 08:59, 7 April 2014 (UTC)
 * Illa est vera amicitia quae non quaerit ex rebus amici nisi solam benevolentiam. Rough translation: A friendship that asks nothing from its friends but kindness is a true friendship indeed. —Mr. Granger (talk • contribs) 14:24, 7 April 2014 (UTC)
 * Thank you very much. Liuscomaes (talk) 18:02, 7 April 2014 (UTC)

I love you my love. You are my life and my other half
I love you, my baby. You are my life and my other half

 * Te quiero, mi amor. Tú eres mi vida y mi media naranja. —Stephen (Talk) 04:43, 8 April 2014 (UTC)

air and its gender in hindi
Air and what is its gender
 * and are listed under the translation section of air. Both are feminine. —Mr. Granger (talk • contribs) 20:12, 7 April 2014 (UTC)

English to Hindi
i deserve someone who know how to make things up to after hurting me

 * (Note: please do not remove or replace old translations. If you need a translation, make a new request for it.)
 * मैं लायक हूँ किसी को कौन जानता है कि कैसे माफी माँगने के लिए है। —Stephen (Talk) 21:18, 7 April 2014 (UTC)

You've got tons of exciting company to look forward to, starting today. Listen up for anyone with an interesting accent, and don't hesitate to offer to show them around.

Translate into Latin
Better days will come. Into Latin
 * "Diēs meliōrēs venient." 00:53, 8 April 2014 (UTC)

Please translate from English to Ancient Latin
I am looking for a translation for the following:

" I am Hope"

With hope meaning "an embodiment of hope" or "a glimmer/ray of hope". In addition Hope is my surname.

Thank you in advance

 * --Catsidhe (verba, facta) 04:04, 8 April 2014 (UTC)
 * --Catsidhe (verba, facta) 04:04, 8 April 2014 (UTC)

traslate to afrikaans
I don't feel like work today-traslate to afrikaans

 * Ek voel nie soos werk vandag nie. —Stephen (Talk) 07:27, 8 April 2014 (UTC)
 * That might be overly literal. In Dutch that would get you some odd stares, so it might be good to check. 02:24, 11 April 2014 (UTC)

English to italian
If you have good health...

 * Se si dispone di una buona salute... —Stephen (Talk) 07:56, 8 April 2014 (UTC)

Thank you!! Do you have to use the subjunctive in this case or not?

 * It depends on the whole sentence (especially the verb tense in the main clause). You need indicative in case of simple fact:
 * Se si dispone di una buona salute, si può fare il lavoro senza alcun problema.
 * But if there is doubt, then subjunctive:
 * Se si disponga di una stufa a gas, si dovrebbe usare una fiamma bassa. —Stephen (Talk) 08:46, 8 April 2014 (UTC)

Thank you again. I've decided to put: Quando si ha la salute buona, si viva piu a lungo. Just to avoid confusion

Translation
It's better to have loved & lost than to live with the psycho the rest of your life

 * Es mejor haber amado y perdido que vivir con un psicópata para el resto de la vida. —Stephen (Talk) 08:07, 10 April 2014 (UTC)

Translation to Sanskrit
It's better to have loved & lost than to live with the psycho the rest of your life

English into Scottish
if you didn't guess

english translation of gaelic word caoch
What is the english translation of gaelic word caoch?

 * --Catsidhe (verba, facta) 21:20, 10 April 2014 (UTC)
 * --Catsidhe (verba, facta) 21:20, 10 April 2014 (UTC)

Thank you, from Sydney
Hi there,

Could you please translate "Next to Normal" in Gaelic for me? I have an Irish background but no language.

Kind Regards, Bridget

 * Beagnach gnáth. (not sure I understand what "next to normal" means) —Stephen (Talk) 16:17, 13 April 2014 (UTC)

a man is often defined by his work and he is the kind of person you can count on to be there and get the job done. hindi translation
--123.239.96.186 14:11, 13 April 2014 (UTC)

 * एक आदमी अक्सर अपने काम के द्वारा परिभाषित किया गया है। एक व्यक्ति कि एक खत्म कर काम पर भरोसा कर सकते हैं। (please doublecheck it) —Stephen (Talk) 16:12, 13 April 2014 (UTC)

english to sanskrit
please translate following sentences to sanskrit: "We are blessed with a baby girl" "We are blessed with a baby boy" Thanks

my email id vibhav

 * अद्य पुत्री जाता
 * अद्य पुत्रः जात —Stephen (Talk) 06:17, 15 April 2014 (UTC)

"Rough" Latin to English Request
Hello everybody. I have tried to translate a quote using a few online translator tools. This is something I want to have tattood, so I wanted to make sure it is accurate, which I am sure it is not, lol.

Here is the Latin version: "Nostrum Tantum Iam Illud Modo"

I would like to know if this is the correct 'syntax' so to speak. The English version should closely resemble "Our Only Future is Now", but running this back through translators says it means "Now It's Our Only Way", which is close enough for me :).

Thanks in advance for all your help! :)

 * "Nostrum Tantum Iam Illud Modo" looks like gobbledygook to me. I advise you not to get it as a tattoo. Instead, you might want to take a look at Stephen's translation above, which was something like "quod futurum est, praesens". —Mr. Granger (talk • contribs) 04:41, 14 April 2014 (UTC)

convert into hindi mean
as if i can

 * के रूप में अगर मैं कर सकते हैं। —Stephen (Talk) 04:40, 15 April 2014 (UTC)

Spanish to Portuguese
perro faldero.

Thank you in advance. Liuscomaes (talk) 13:43, 14 April 2014 (UTC)

 * carlim, taipa, dogui, cãozinho de regaço. —Stephen (Talk) 04:38, 15 April 2014 (UTC)

Latin to English
Aesopus metrum non sopit: fabula flores Producit; fructum flos parit; ille sapit.

and

Ysopus est planta; sed Aesopus dat bona verba.

Thank you in advance. Liuscomaes (talk) 14:17, 14 April 2014 (UTC)

 * Aesop doesn't write dull verse: a fable brings forth flowers; a flower bears fruit; he is wise.

 * Ysopus is a plant; but Aesopus gives good words. —Mr. Granger (talk • contribs) 14:24, 14 April 2014 (UTC)

request to translate the sentence to Sanskrit
Emancipate yourself from mental slavery, none but ourselves can save our minds.

you only live once. Love laugh and live.

La sho nah si

i love u in france
I love u in france

 * Je t'aime. --kc_kennylau (talk) 15:52, 15 April 2014 (UTC)

Translate to Arabic
You don't need someone to complete you, you only need someone to accept you completely. --92.96.14.86 08:08, 16 April 2014 (UTC)

 * لا تحتاج شخص لإكمال لك، كنت بحاجة الى شخص فقط لقبول لك تماما. (note: the English verb and adverb "complete" are the same; in Arabic, they are not the same.) —Stephen (Talk) 10:56, 17 April 2014 (UTC)

to Portuguese
Translate to Portuguese " If your company destroys a room before advertising a sale "

 * It is not a complete sentence. This is the best I can do:
 * Se a sua empresa destruísse uma sala antes de anunciar uma venda —Stephen (Talk) 10:50, 17 April 2014 (UTC)

s
wat u want me to bring 4 u 4rm Assam?

 * আমি আসাম থেকে আপনাকে আনতে হবে কি জিনিস? —Stephen (Talk) 10:42, 17 April 2014 (UTC)

French
The weather is fine and spring has come

 * --kc_kennylau (talk) 10:23, 18 April 2014 (UTC)
 * I would have said rather than . SemperBlotto (talk) 10:29, 18 April 2014 (UTC)

translation from English to Latin
Sentence to be translated: "Give up your dreams and live forever" From English to Latin

 * Pronunciation:
 * --kc_kennylau (talk) 15:11, 18 April 2014 (UTC)
 * --kc_kennylau (talk) 15:11, 18 April 2014 (UTC)

english to Scottish
After the caber toss, let's go down to the pub to get drunk

Translate
He studied in your school since begning

 * Spanish: Él ha estado estudiando en tu escuela después del principio.
 * French: Il a commencé à étudier dans ton école de début.
 * (double check the translations) --kc_kennylau (talk) 07:31, 20 April 2014 (UTC)

 * Spanish is better without the pronoun:
 * Ha estudiado en tu escuela desde el principio. —Stephen (Talk) 07:44, 20 April 2014 (UTC)

please transalate following sentence to malayalam
distance means so little when someone means so much.

I want to personally thank you again for believing in my cause of restoring our children from enclaving problems. you were the only person who took the time out to read my letter and donate. Please note that I will be forever grateful for your generosity and thoughtfulness. You have inspired e to continue my journey of creating hope for myself and others in the community

Translate to French
I use a translation software in french

 * (habitually or currently happening): J'utilise un logiciel pour traduire.
 * (I have just used a software to translate [this sentence]): J'ai utilisé un logiciel pour traduire [cette phrase].
 * (habitually or currently happening): Pronunciation: [ʒy.ti.liz.œ̃.lɔ.ʒik.sjɛl.puʁ.tʁa.dɥiʁ]
 * (I have just used a software to translate [this sentence]): Pronunciation: [ʒe.y.ti.li.zɛ.œ̃.lɔ.ʒik.sjɛl.puʁ.tʁa.dɥiʁ.(sɛt.fʁas)]
 * --kc_kennylau (talk) 08:00, 21 April 2014 (UTC)

English to Sanskrit
Please translate the quoted text to Sanskrit-

"But we are eternal."

The full stop is very important. Thank you in advance.

 * Doublecheck it.
 * किन्तु शश्वायावहे। (kintu śaśvāyāvahe.) (we two)
 * किन्तु शश्वायामहे। (kintu śaśvāyāmahe.) (we three or more) —Stephen (Talk) 13:15, 21 April 2014 (UTC)

Italian translation
With love - Italian

Dear Friend - Italian

 * con
 * cara (female friend)
 * caro (male friend) —Stephen (Talk) 00:23, 22 April 2014 (UTC)

Latin
I would like to take you to dinner

 * (Please double check) --kc_kennylau (talk) 19:01, 21 April 2014 (UTC)
 * The preposition ad always takes the accusative (cenam). --Fsojic (talk) 19:18, 21 April 2014 (UTC)
 * Oh, forgot. --kc_kennylau (talk) 02:54, 22 April 2014 (UTC)

English to Latin: In beauty there is salvation.
Could someone please translate the following: In beauty there is salvation.
 * In pulchritudine salvatio. —Mr. Granger (talk • contribs) 02:51, 22 April 2014 (UTC)

Thank you! Could "salus" be used here in place of salvatio?
 * Sure. —Mr. Granger (talk • contribs) 02:57, 22 April 2014 (UTC)

English to Sanskrit
Please translate these 2 sentences from English to Sanskrit: 1. O God, please kill Ravana. 2. May Ravana be killed.

Thanks

 * महादेव रावणम् निवध। (mahādeva rāvaṇam nivadha) (doublecheck it) —Stephen (Talk) 07:24, 22 April 2014 (UTC)

Translate from English to Afrikaans
Please translate the English sayin "I suppose so" to Afrikaans
 * Ek dink so. (Google translated) --kc_kennylau (talk) 18:48, 22 April 2014 (UTC)

English to Spanish
Have you looked at WedPics? There are some good photos of you and the family"

 * ¿Has mirado en WedPics? Hay algunas buenas fotos de ti y la familia. —Stephen (Talk) 05:34, 23 April 2014 (UTC)

french
i am going to buy a preasent

 * Je vais acheter un cadeau. —Stephen (Talk) 05:24, 23 April 2014 (UTC)

Could someone translate the following expression into Scottish Gaelic?
"Heaven favors the strong and the just"                -thx

English to Odia
Odia term for man whose wife is dead

 * (bipatnika) —Stephen (Talk) 08:29, 24 April 2014 (UTC)

Translation
I like u i want to talk to u but i cant understand your language gave me your address and i will come to meet u

 * To which language should we translate it to?
 * Spanish:
 * French:
 * Warning:
 * Informal language is used.
 * "I like you" is translated with sexual connotation.
 * DISCLAIMER: I AM NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY CRIME THAT AROSE FROM MY TRANSLATION, I AM ONLY A TRANSLATOR.
 * --kc_kennylau (talk) 04:46, 24 April 2014 (UTC)

Translation
If u want to come tomorrow call me to this phone so i can give you the address

 * Si quieres venir mañana, llámame a este número para que te puedo dar la dirección. —Stephen (Talk) 07:15, 24 April 2014 (UTC)

Translation
find yourself to discover the real you

 * (Please double-check) --kc_kennylau (talk) 08:39, 24 April 2014 (UTC)

Two translations
English to Sanskrit "Trust Your Struggle"

English to Punjabi "Trust Your Struggle"

Thank u it's for a tattoo :)

 * doublecheck before tattooing:
 * Sanskrit: (tava saṅgharṣam sampratyehi)
 * Punjabi: ਆਪਣੇ ਸੰਘਰਸ਼ 'ਤੇ ਭਰੋਸਾ (āpaṇe sagharaśa 'te bharōsā) —Stephen (Talk) 10:58, 24 April 2014 (UTC)

EnGlish to afrikaans
My heart belongs to right people not some damn assholes

 * My hart behoort aan regverdige mense, nie aan godverlate bliksems. —Stephen (Talk) 11:34, 25 April 2014 (UTC)

English to Scottish Gaelic
A little gift from Paradise

You are the sweetest dream in my heart.
Jane, you are the sweetest dream in my heart. I love that you come into our life with such joy and laughter.

I will always love and cherish you.

dan

 * Jane, eres el más dulce sueño en mi corazón. Me encanta que has venido a nuestra vida con tanta alegría y risas.
 * Siempre voy a amarte y cuidarte.
 * Dan —Stephen (Talk) 11:21, 25 April 2014 (UTC)

english to hindi
I don't give out information to people like you. That I don't even know

 * मैं तुम जैसे लोगों के लिए जानकारी नहीं देते जिनमें मैं भी पता नहीं। —Stephen (Talk) 11:28, 25 April 2014 (UTC)

from english to latin
can you please translate always fight for what you love in latin. thank you:)

 * (Please double-check, mācrōn=long vowel, áccént=stressed syllable) --kc_kennylau (talk) 08:47, 25 April 2014 (UTC)

If I were with you I would hold you and give you kisses.

Need english sentences in malayalam
Hi Mother in law, How are you ? My name is Devan I am your dauthers colleague Your daughter told that you are not well, admitted into hospital How are you now ? what doctor told about your leg injury ? I want to come and meet you there. But, due to work I am not not able to.. I will try to come and meet you next month take care of your health.

Need translation of a phrase from English to Latin
“When you talk to one of us, you talk to all of us.”

20:31, 25 April 2014 (UTC)

I loved, I needed and I protected my family's all the times

i loved, I needed I protected my family's all the times
I loved, I needed and I protected my family's all the times

 * He amado, necesitado, y protegido a mi familia en todo momento. —Stephen (Talk) 06:52, 26 April 2014 (UTC)

sanskrit subject
make a sentence on parrot in sanskrit plssssss

sanskrit subject
make a sentence on parrot in sanskrit plssssss
 * Done. — Keφr 06:34, 26 April 2014 (UTC)
 * Sanskrit sentence on a parrot.jpg
 * What does it actually say? 02:16, 29 April 2014 (UTC)

Translation Request
you have got to find what you love

 * Tienes que encontrar lo que te gusta. --kc_kennylau (talk) 15:46, 26 April 2014 (UTC)

Design the future

Spanish to English
«Hombre, yo si fuera tú tampoco querría discutir si metiese la pata hasta el fondo. No necesito que me envíes a buscar citas a ninguna parte, con que no metas pifias aquí es más que suficiente.» --Æ&Œ (talk) 04:26, 27 April 2014 (UTC)

 * Man, if I were you I wouldn’t want to discuss making serious blunders either. I don’t need you to send me to look for cites anywhere, with which you don’t put blunders here is more than enough. —Stephen (Talk) 07:22, 27 April 2014 (UTC)

 * Wow, is it just me or is this message aggressive? --Æ&Œ (talk) 07:46, 27 April 2014 (UTC)

 * I don’t have the context, but it seems aggressive to me. —Stephen (Talk) 11:53, 28 April 2014 (UTC)

Unknown language to English
This writing is from the Yonghe Temple in Beijing. I'd like to know what language it's in, and what it says. —Mr. Granger (talk • contribs) 15:48, 27 April 2014 (UTC)

 * The font is unusual and makes it difficult to be sure what it is. It could be phags-pa (used for Mongolian, Chinese, and Tibetan) or it might be Tibetan. —Stephen (Talk) 09:11, 29 April 2014 (UTC)

English to French
Anyone please help... maybe i am better than your girlfriend..

 * Peut-être que je suis meilleure que ta petite amie. —Stephen (Talk) 12:25, 28 April 2014 (UTC)
 * I believe the more up-to-date term is . --WikiTiki89 16:12, 28 April 2014 (UTC)
 * It depends on the context. If the context indicates a specific domain of comparison, this is a good translation. If this relates to the friend as a whole, a general opinion about the friend or her physical appearance, the translation would be Peut-être que je suis mieux que ta ((choose the term you prefer)). Lmaltier (talk) 16:27, 28 April 2014 (UTC)

Spanish
Pero tengo que ir a SA primero
 * But I have to go to SA first —Mr. Granger (talk • contribs) 23:08, 28 April 2014 (UTC)
 * (SA = South America) —Stephen (Talk) 09:17, 29 April 2014 (UTC)

translate into hindi
b'coz u have not went out side from home

 * क्योंकि तुम बाहर घर से नहीं गया है। —Stephen (Talk) 08:35, 29 April 2014 (UTC)

translate into russian
if someone can hurt me i didn't think twice to do my revengeand i will make sure i put some scars in your whole life.

please can u translate this in russian..

 * Если кто-то пытается причинить мне боль, я, не колеблясь, чтобы отомстить, и я обязательно испорчу тебе всю жизнь. —Stephen (Talk) 09:03, 29 April 2014 (UTC)
 * Thanks, Stephen. I would rephrase the last bit ("и я буду убеждаться, что я поврежу всю твою жизнь") as "... обяза́тельно испо́рчу тебе́ всю жизнь". The verb "убеждаться" (to make sure) is used in the sense of "to verify", "to check", "to be convinced". If you're going to do something for certain in the future, then "обяза́тельно" is preferred, e.g. "make sure to check the door" - "обяза́тельно прове́рь(те) дверь/две́ри". --
 * Sounds better! —Stephen (Talk) 09:23, 29 April 2014 (UTC)

English to gaelic
My hope is in you, god

 * Tá súil agam i dhuit, a Dhia. (doublecheck it) —Stephen (Talk) 09:08, 29 April 2014 (UTC)

hi, if you have doubt then call me

Blazon sentence from French to English
D'azur à la cloche d'or. (From ; use heraldry terms if you could) --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 16:50, 29 April 2014 (UTC)

 * Azure a bell Or. —Stephen (Talk) 20:37, 29 April 2014 (UTC)

Now from : 'taillé : au premier de gueules au château d'or ouvert et maçonné de sable, au second d'argent au bœuf au naturel --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 22:06, 29 April 2014 (UTC)

 * Per bend sinister, the first gules a tower castle Or masoned sable, the second argent an ox proper.
 * or: Per bend sinister gules and argent, a castle Or masoned sable, and an ox proper.

Or this: Taillé, au premier de Gueules au Château d’Or, au second d’Argent au Taureau Tanné --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 22:11, 29 April 2014 (UTC)

 * Per bend sinister, the first gules, a castle Or, the second argent a bull tenné.
 * with, of course, the same canonical blazon as above. ("Taillé" is the French for the field division 'per bend sinister'.)
 * --Catsidhe (verba, facta) 22:17, 29 April 2014 (UTC)

Now hailing from : De gueules aux cinq fasces ondées accolées, trois d'argent et deux d'azur --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 23:38, 29 April 2014 (UTC)
 * Gules, five bars wavy bracketed, three argent and two azure
 * A canonical blazon is trickier. I don't think "bracketed" is a normally understood term in English Heraldry. One way of blazoning it might be Gules, on a fess wavy argent, two bars wavy azure, or Gules, a fess wavy barry wavy of five argent and azure.
 * I'd probably go for the last as the least unambiguous.
 * --Catsidhe (verba, facta) 00:27, 30 April 2014 (UTC)

Here's : Fascé de pourpre et d'or, au sautoir d'argent brochant sur le tout --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 21:32, 30 April 2014 (UTC)
 * Barry purpure and Or, a saltire argent over all.
 * The "over all" bit is redundant in English (doubly redundant if you account for sur le tout and brochant both signifying "over all"), so: Barry purpure and Or, a saltire argent.
 * (It looks like may be from, meaning "pinned, sewn on", or else from  and is used in French Heraldry to denote specifically a charge overlying a semy field, or generally any charge overall. ref.
 * --Catsidhe (verba, facta) 21:54, 30 April 2014 (UTC)

English to Russian
I'm very excited its been a long time waiting for this moment in my life.

i love you so much

please can u translate it in russian

 * Я очень рад(а), я долго ждал(а) этого момента моей жизни. Я очень вас/тебя люблю. --WikiTiki89 19:50, 29 April 2014 (UTC)

 * Я очень рад, я долго ждал этого момента моей жизни. (said by a man)
 * Я очень тебя люблю. —Stephen (Talk) 20:58, 29 April 2014 (UTC)

 * Fixed етого -> этого :) --Anatoli (обсудить/вклад) 00:12, 30 April 2014 (UTC)
 * Silly typo, my mistake. --WikiTiki89 00:33, 30 April 2014 (UTC)
 * No problem. There are a lot of free Russian spellcheckers.

translation english-tamil
You Can't be good enough for everybody, but you will always be the BEST for the one who deserves you.

 * நீங்கள் அனைவரும் நல்ல போதுமான இருக்க முடியாது, ஆனால் நீங்கள் இருக்க தகுதியானவர் யார் அந்த நபர், நீங்கள் எப்போதும் சிறந்த இருக்கும். —Stephen (Talk) 20:56, 29 April 2014 (UTC)
 * Added formatting. This will also transliterate Tamil (please note, the first parameter is blank). --Anatoli (обсудить/вклад) 03:03, 30 April 2014 (UTC)

tattoo translation to irish gaelic
Sometimes you have to fall before you fly

 * Caithfidh tú titim roimh eitlíonn tú, uaireanta.
 * (Possibly risible to a more fluent speaker than me, check before you get anything inscribed indelibly on your skin on the advice of some random guy on the internet.)
 * --Catsidhe (verba, facta) 04:59, 30 April 2014 (UTC)

English to Scottish Gaelic
Please translate to Scottish Gaelic "He shows the safe way"

David

English to Phags-pa Tibetan
Can someone help me with a translation for a tattoo in Phags-pa Tibetan?

"now is everything"

Thanks! Chris


text: emulsietje

title: emulsietje


text: emulsietjes

title: emulsietjes


text:
tawel

Etymology
See.

Adjective

 * 1) quiet, silent
 * 2) calm, tranquil, pacific

title: tawel


text:
pitää yhteyttä

Verb

 * 1) to keep in touch
 * 2) to follow up  to maintain communication

Conjugation
See.

title: pitää yhteyttä


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/MewBot and Esperanto verb forms/reply

I need to make some changes to the generating code, and I haven't gotten around to it yet...


text: enkelingen

title: enkelingen


text: enkelingetje

title: enkelingetje


text: enkelingetjes

title: enkelingetjes


text: enkelvouden

title: enkelvouden


text: enquêtetje

title: enquêtetje


text: enquêtetjes

title: enquêtetjes


text: gannefen

title: gannefen


text: ganneven

title: ganneven


text: gannefje

title: gannefje


text: gannefjes

title: gannefjes


text: Category:Dutch terms prefixed with filo-


text: filosoofje

title: filosoofje


text: filosoofjes

title: filosoofjes


text: 坑坑漥漥

title: 坑坑漥漥


text:
環顧

Verb

 * 1) to look around; to look about
 * 2) to review; to survey

title: 環顧


text: 环顾

title: 环顾


text: huángù

title: huángù


text: 环视

title: 环视


text:
環視

Verb

 * 1) to look around; to look about

title: 環視


text: huánshì

title: huánshì


text: kuíhuā

title: kuíhuā


text: fusiegemeenten

title: fusiegemeenten


text: fusiegemeentes

title: fusiegemeentes


text: fusiegemeentetje

title: fusiegemeentetje


text: fusiegemeentetjes

title: fusiegemeentetjes


text:
日頭花

Noun

 * 1)  sunflower

title: 日頭花


text: xiàngrìkuí

title: xiàngrìkuí


text: 日头花

title: 日头花


text: rìtóuhuā

title: rìtóuhuā


text: ensceneringen

title: ensceneringen


text: enscenerinkje

title: enscenerinkje


text: enscenerinkjes

title: enscenerinkjes


text:
閑暇

Noun

 * 1) leisure; free time

title: 閑暇


text: xiánxiá

title: xiánxiá


text: fángbèi

title: fángbèi


text:
戒備

Verb

 * 1) to take precautions against; to guard against

title: 戒備


text: 戒备

title: 戒备


text: jièbèi

title: jièbèi


text:
灑脫

Adjective

 * 1) free and at ease; carefree; unaffected

title: 灑脫


text:
洒脱

Adjective

 * 1) unconventional; unconstrained

Noun

 * 1) unconventionalness

title: 洒脱


text:
Talk:162.25.24.149

fuoriuscio
This conjugation is wrong, the correct form is "fuoriesco" and this word doesn't exist in italian, it should be deleted --162.25.24.149 12:14, 10 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Thank you; the erroneous page has been deleted. -- Gauss (talk) 17:14, 10 June 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:162.25.24.149


text: sǎtuō

title: sǎtuō


text: sǎtuo

title: sǎtuo


text: jìjiào

title: jìjiào


text:
獨輪車

Noun

 * 1) wheelbarrow
 * 2) unicycle
 * 3)  spambot used on streaming platforms

title: 獨輪車


text: 独轮车

title: 独轮车


text:
手推車

Noun

 * 1) wheelbarrow; handcart; pushcart

title: 手推車


text: 手推车

title: 手推车


text: dúlúnchē

title: dúlúnchē


text: shǒutuīchē

title: shǒutuīchē


text:
ғорур

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) proud

title: ғорур


text:
拘謹

Adjective

 * 1) reserved; overcautious

title: 拘謹


text: 拘谨

title: 拘谨


text: jūjǐn

title: jūjǐn


text: jiàochē

title: jiàochē


text: 親昵

title: 親昵


text: 亲昵

title: 亲昵


text:
親暱

Adjective

 * 1) very intimate

title: 親暱


text: qīnnì

title: qīnnì


text: xīncháng

title: xīncháng


text:
虛禮

Noun

 * 1) insincere courtesy

title: 虛禮


text: xūlǐ

title: xūlǐ


text:
墟里

Noun

 * 1) small village

title: 墟里


text: ensembletje

title: ensembletje


text: ensembletjes

title: ensembletjes


text:
倒反

Adverb

 * 1) unexpectedly; instead; contrary to expectations

title: 倒反


text: dàofǎn

title: dàofǎn


text: diānbǒ

title: diānbǒ


text:
傷悲

Adjective

 * 1)  sad; sorrowful

title: 傷悲


text: 伤悲

title: 伤悲


text: shāngbēi

title: shāngbēi


text: entomologen

title: entomologen


text: entomoloogje

title: entomoloogje


text: entomoloogjes

title: entomoloogjes


text:
heart starter

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) A defibrillator.
 * 2)  An alcoholic drink, especially one taken early in the day.

title: heart starter


text:
Module:languages/by name/documentation

This module generates a table which maps language names to language codes. It is then loaded by Module:languages using lua to perform data lookup by name.

title: Module:languages/by name/documentation


text: voorgerechten

title: voorgerechten


text: voorgerechtje

title: voorgerechtje


text: voorgerechtjes

title: voorgerechtjes


text: envelopje

title: envelopje


text: envelopjes

title: envelopjes


text:
נצחון

Etymology
From

Noun

 * 1) victory

title: נצחון


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/OHG dw- and tw-/reply (2)

Yeah.. I wouldn't call that irregular, though. An irregular development would be one where a particular word developed in a way that we don't understand... But okay, we're on the same page then.