text: nāktu

title: nāktu


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/brōks

Etymology
From earlier, from Pre-Germanic , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) crotch; rear end, rump, hindquarters
 * 2) leggings, pants, trousers

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/brōks


text: nenāktu

title: nenāktu


text: dotu

title: dotu


text: nedotu

title: nedotu


text: sālītu

title: sālītu


text: nesālītu

title: nesālītu


text:
organopathic

Adjective

 * 1) Relating to organopathy.

title: organopathic


text: jāiet

title: jāiet


text: jānāk

title: jānāk


text:
organopathy

Noun

 * 1) The homeopathic theory that certain remedies act locally in specific organs.

title: organopathy


text: organopathies

title: organopathies


text: jādod

title: jādod


text: سمرکند

title: سمرکند


text: jāsāla

title: jāsāla


text:
Bucknellian

Noun

 * 1) A student or alumnus of, Pennsylvania, United States.

Adjective

 * 1) Of or relating to Bucknell University.

title: Bucknellian


text: jāejot

title: jāejot


text: Bucknellians

title: Bucknellians


text: jānākot

title: jānākot


text: untranslatables

title: untranslatables


text: jādodot

title: jādodot


text:
coarchitect

Noun

 * 1) A joint architect; one who designs something with others.

title: coarchitect


text: jāsālot

title: jāsālot


text: coarchitects

title: coarchitects


text:
passported

Etymology
, since one benefit is a metaphorical "passport" to the other.

Adjective

 * 1)  For which one is automatically eligible if receiving certain other benefits.
 * Free school meals are a passported benefit: children are eligible for these meals if their parents are receiving Income Support or certain other benefits.

title: passported


text:
gājis

Participle

 * 1) having gone;

title: gājis


text:
negājis

Participle

 * 1) not having gone;

title: negājis


text:
nācis

Participle

 * 1) having come;

title: nācis


text:
nenācis

Participle

 * 1) not having come;

title: nenācis


text:
nedevis

Participle

 * 1) not having given;

title: nedevis


text:
Module:IPA

local export = {}

local force_cat = false -- for testing

local m_data = mw.loadData("Module:IPA/data") local m_str_utils = require("Module:string utilities") local m_symbols = mw.loadData("Module:IPA/data/symbols") local pron_qualifier_module = "Module:pron qualifier" local qualifier_module = "Module:qualifier" local references_module = "Module:references" local syllables_module = "Module:syllables" local utilities_module = "Module:utilities" local m_syllables -- Module:syllables; loaded below if needed

local concat = table.concat local find = string.find local gmatch = m_str_utils.gmatch local gsub = string.gsub local insert = table.insert local len = m_str_utils.len local listToText = mw.text.listToText local match = string.match local sub = string.sub local u = m_str_utils.char local ufind = m_str_utils.find local ugsub = m_str_utils.gsub local umatch = m_str_utils.match local usub = m_str_utils.sub

local namespace = mw.title.getCurrentTitle.namespace local is_content_page = namespace == 0 or namespace == 118

local function track(page) require("Module:debug/track")("IPA/" .. page) return true end

local function process_maybe_split_categories(split_output, categories, prontext, lang, errtext) if split_output ~= "raw" then if categories[1] then categories = require(utilities_module).format_categories(categories, lang, nil, nil, force_cat) else categories = "" end end if split_output then -- for use of IPA in links, etc.		if errtext then return prontext, categories, errtext else return prontext, categories end else return prontext .. (errtext or "") .. categories end end

--[==[ Format a line of one or more IPA pronunciations as IPA would do it, i.e. with a preceding {"IPA:"} followed by the word {"key"} linking to an Appendix page describing the language's phonology, and with an added category . Other than the extra preceding text and category, this is identical to {format_IPA_multiple}, and the considerations described there in the documentation apply here as well. There is a single parameter `data`, an object with the following fields: pronunciations with invalid phonemes; for determining how many syllables the pronunciations have in them, in order to  add a category such as Category:Italian 2-syllable words (for certain languages only); for adding a category ; and for determining the proper sort keys for categories. Unlike for {format_IPA_multiple}, `lang` may not be {nil}. first item, where the default separator is always the empty string. Overridden by the per-item `separator` field in `items`. only certain languages add such categories to begin with, because it depends on knowing how to count syllables in a given language, which depends on the phonology of the language. Also, this does not suppress the addition of cleanup or other categories. If you need them suppressed, use `split_output` to return the categories separately and ignore them. categories. Otherwise, two values are returned: the formatted pronunciation and the categories. If `split_output` is the value {"raw"}, the categories are returned in list form, where the list elements are a combination of category strings and category objects of the form suitable for passing to {format_categories} in Module:utilities. If `split_output` is any other value besides {nil}, the categories are returned as a pre-formatted concatenated string. pronunciations and preceding {"IPA:"}. pronunciations and preceding {"IPA:"}. ]==] function export.format_IPA_full(data) if type(data) ~= "table" or data.getCode then error("Must now supply a table of arguments to format_IPA_full; first argument should be that table, not a language object") end local lang = data.lang local items = data.items local err = data.err local separator = data.separator local sort_key = data.sort_key local no_count = data.no_count local split_output = data.split_output local q = data.q	local qq = data.qq	local a = data.a	local aa = data.aa	local include_langname = data.include_langname
 * `lang`: Object representing the language of the pronunciations, which is used when adding cleanup categories for
 * `items`: List of pronunciations, in exactly the same format as for {format_IPA_multiple}.
 * `err`: If not {nil}, a string containing an error message to use in place of the link to the language's phonology.
 * `separator`: The default separator to use when separating formatted items. Defaults to {", "}. Does not apply to the
 * `sort_key`: Explicit sort key used for categories.
 * `no_count`: Suppress adding a {#-syllable words} category such as Category:Italian 2-syllable words. Note that
 * `split_output`: If not given, the return value is a concatenation of the formatted pronunciation and formatted
 * `include_langname`: If specified, prefix the result with the language name, followed by a colon.
 * `q`: {nil} or a list of left qualifiers (as in q) to display at the beginning, before the formatted
 * `qq`: {nil} or a list of right qualifiers to display after all formatted pronunciations.
 * `a`: {nil} or a list of left accent qualifiers (as in a) to display at the beginning, before the formatted
 * `aa`: {nil} or a list of right accent qualifiers to display after all formatted pronunciations.

local hasKey = m_data.langs_with_infopages

if not lang or not lang.getCode then error("Must specify language to format_IPA_full") end local langname = lang:getCanonicalName

local prefix_text if err then prefix_text = ' ' .. err .. ' '	else if hasKey[lang:getCode] then prefix_text = "Appendix:" .. langname .. " pronunciation" else prefix_text = "wikipedia:" .. langname .. " phonology" end prefix_text = "key" end

local prefix = "IPA(" .. prefix_text .. "): "

local IPAs, categories = export.format_IPA_multiple(lang, items, separator, no_count, "raw")

if is_content_page then insert(categories, {			cat = langname .. " terms with IPA pronunciation",			sort_key = sort_key		}) end

local prontext = prefix .. IPAs if q and q[1] or qq and qq[1] or a and a[1] or aa and aa[1] then prontext = require(pron_qualifier_module).format_qualifiers { lang = lang, text = prontext, q = q,			qq = qq, a = a,			aa = aa, }	end if include_langname then prontext = langname .. ": " .. prontext end return process_maybe_split_categories(split_output, categories, prontext, lang) end

local function split_phonemic_phonetic(pron) local reconstructed, phonemic, phonetic = match(pron, "^(%*?)(/.-/)%s+(%[.-%])$") if reconstructed then return reconstructed .. phonemic, reconstructed .. phonetic else return pron, nil end end

local function determine_repr(pron) local repr_mark = {} local repr, reconstructed

-- remove initial asterisk before representation marks, used on some Reconstruction pages if sub(pron, 1, 1) == "*" then reconstructed = true pron = sub(pron, 2) end

local representation_types = { ['/'] = { right = '/', type = 'phonemic', }, ['['] = { right = ']', type = 'phonetic', }, ['⟨'] = { right = '⟩', type = 'orthographic', }, ['-'] = { type = 'rhyme' }, }

repr_mark.i, repr_mark.f, repr_mark.left, repr_mark.right = ufind(pron, '^(.).-(.)$')

local representation_type = representation_types[repr_mark.left]

if representation_type then if representation_type.right then if repr_mark.right == representation_type.right then repr = representation_type.type end else repr = representation_type.type end else repr = nil end

return repr, reconstructed end

local function hasInvalidSeparators(transcription) if match(transcription, "%.\203[\136\140]") then -- [ˈˌ] return true else return false end end

--[==[ Format a line of one or more bare IPA pronunciations (i.e. without any preceding {"IPA:"} and without adding to a category ). Individual pronunciations are formatted using {format_IPA} and are combined with separators, qualifiers, pre-text, post-text, etc. to form a line of pronunciations. Parameters accepted are: pronunciations with invalid phonemes; for determining how many syllables the pronunciations have in them, in order to  add a category such as Category:Italian 2-syllable words (for certain languages only); and for computing the proper sort keys for categories. `lang` may be {nil}. (surrounded by {/.../}), phonetic (surrounded by {[...]}), orthographic (surrounded by {⟨...⟩}) or a rhyme (beginning with a hyphen); qualifiers; qualifiers; pronunciation; note that `qualifiers` is deprecated; qualifiers; the value of a list item is either a string containing the reference text (typically a call to a	 citation template such as cite-book, or a template wrapping such a call), or an object with fields `text` (the reference text), `name` (the name of the reference, as in 	 or ) and/or `group` (the group of the reference, as in	 or	 ); this uses a parser function to format the reference appropriately and insert a footnote number that hyperlinks to the actual reference, located in the section; qualifiers and pre-text; defaults to the outer `separator` parameter. first item, where the default separator is always the empty string. Overridden by the per-item `separator` field in `items`. only certain languages add such categories to begin with, because it depends on knowing how to count syllables in a given language, which depends on the phonology of the language. Also, this does not suppress the addition of cleanup categories. If you need them suppressed, use `split_output` to return the categories separately and ignore them. categories. Otherwise, two values are returned: the formatted pronunciation and the categories. If `split_output` is the value {"raw"}, the categories are returned in list form, where the list elements are a combination of category strings and category objects of the form suitable for passing to {format_categories} in Module:utilities. If `split_output` is any other value besides {nil}, the categories are returned as a pre-formatted concatenated string. ]==] function export.format_IPA_multiple(lang, items, separator, no_count, split_output) local categories = {} separator = separator or ", "
 * `lang` is an object representing the language of the pronunciations, which is used when adding cleanup categories for
 * `items` is a list of pronunciations, each of which is an object with the following properties:
 * `pron`: the pronunciation, in the same format as is accepted by {format_IPA}, i.e. it should be either phonemic
 * `pretext`: text to display directly before the formatted pronunciation, inside of any qualifiers or accent
 * `posttext`: text to display directly after the formatted pronunciation, inside of any qualifiers or accent
 * `q` or `qualifiers`: {nil} or a list of left qualifiers (as in q) to display before the formatted
 * `qq`: {nil} or a list of right qualifiers to display after the formatted pronunciation;
 * `a`: {nil} or a list of left accent qualifiers (as in a) to display before the formatted pronunciation;
 * `aa`: {nil} or a list of right accent qualifiers to after before the formatted pronunciation;
 * `refs`: {nil} or a list of references or reference specs to add after the pronunciation and any posttext and
 * `gloss`: {nil} or a gloss (definition) for this item, if different definitions have different pronunciations;
 * `pos`: {nil} or a part of speech for this item, if different parts of speech have different pronunciations;
 * `separator`: the separator text to insert directly before the formatted pronunciation and all qualifiers, accent
 * `separator`: The default separator to use when separating formatted items. Defaults to {", "}. Does not apply to the
 * `no_count`: Suppress adding a {#-syllable words} category such as Category:Italian 2-syllable words. Note that
 * `split_output`: If not given, the return value is a concatenation of the formatted pronunciation and formatted

if not lang then track("format-multiple-nolang") end

-- Format if not items[1] then if namespace == 10 then -- Template insert(items, {pron = "/aɪ piː ˈeɪ/"}) else insert(categories, "Pronunciation templates without a pronunciation") end end

local bits = {}

for i, item in ipairs(items) do		local bit

-- If the pronunciation is entirely empty, allow this and don't do anything, so that e.g. the pretext and/or -- posttext can be specified to force something like unknown to appear in place of the pronunciation -- (as happens e.g. when ? is used as a respelling in Module:ca-IPA; see guèiser for an example). if item.pron == "" then bit = "" else local item_categories, errtext bit, item_categories, errtext = export.format_IPA(lang, item.pron, "raw") bit = bit .. errtext for _, cat in ipairs(item_categories) do				insert(categories, cat) end end

if item.pretext then bit = item.pretext .. bit end

if item.posttext then bit = bit .. item.posttext end

local has_qualifiers = item.q and item.q[1] or item.qq and item.qq[1] or item.qualifiers and item.qualifiers[1] or item.a and item.a[1] or item.aa and item.aa[1] local has_gloss_or_pos = item.gloss or item.pos if has_qualifiers or has_gloss_or_pos then -- FIXME: Currently we tack the gloss and POS (in that order) onto the end of the regular left qualifiers. -- Should we do something different? local q = item.q			if has_gloss_or_pos then q = mw.clone(item.q) or {} if item.gloss then local m_qualifier = require(qualifier_module) insert(q, m_qualifier.wrap_qualifier_css("“", "quote") .. item.gloss ..						m_qualifier.wrap_qualifier_css("”", "quote")) end if item.pos then -- FIXME: Consider expanding aliases as found in Module:headword/data or similar. insert(q, item.pos) end end

bit = require("Module:pron qualifier").format_qualifiers { lang = lang, text = bit, q = q,				qq = item.qq, qualifiers = item.qualifiers, a = item.a,				aa = item.aa, }		end

if item.note then -- Support removed on 2024-06-15. error("Support for `.note` has been removed; switch to `.refs` (which must be a list)") end if item.refs then local refspecs = item.refs if #refspecs > 0 then bit = bit .. require(references_module).format_references(refspecs) end end

bit = (item.separator or (i == 1 and "" or separator)) .. bit

insert(bits, bit)

--[=[	Special:WhatLinksHere/Wiktionary:Tracking/IPA/syntax-error The length or gemination symbol should not appear after a syllable break or stress symbol. ]=]

-- The nature of the following pattern match is such that we don't have to split a combined '/.../ [...]' spec -- into its parts in order to process. if match(item.pron, "[.\203][\136\140]?\203[\144\145]") then -- [.ˈˌ][ːˑ] track("syntax-error") end

if lang then -- Add syllable count if the language's diphthongs are listed in Module:syllables. -- Don't do this if the term has spaces, a liaison mark (‿) or isn't in mainspace. if not no_count and namespace == 0 then m_syllables = m_syllables or require(syllables_module) local langcode = lang:getCode if m_data.langs_to_generate_syllable_count_categories[langcode] then local phonemic, phonetic = split_phonemic_phonetic(item.pron) local use_it if not phonetic then -- not a '/.../ [...]' combined pronunciation local repr = determine_repr(phonemic) if m_data.langs_to_use_phonetic_notation[langcode] then use_it = repr == "phonetic" and phonemic or nil else use_it = repr == "phonemic" and phonemic or nil end elseif repr == "phonetic" then use_it = phonetic elseif repr == "phonemic" then use_it = phonemic end -- Note: two uses of find with plain patterns is much faster than umatch with [ ‿]. if use_it and not (find(use_it, " ") or find(use_it, "‿")) then local syllable_count = m_syllables.getVowels(use_it, lang) if syllable_count then insert(categories, lang:getCanonicalName .. " " .. syllable_count ..								"-syllable words") end end end end

-- The nature of hasInvalidSeparators is such that we don't have to split a combined '/.../ [...]' spec -- into its parts in order to process. if lang:getCode == "en" and hasInvalidSeparators(item.pron) then insert(categories, "IPA for English using .ˈ or .ˌ") end end end

return process_maybe_split_categories(split_output, categories, concat(bits), lang) end

--[=[ Format a single IPA pronunciation, which cannot be a combined spec (such as {/.../ [...]}). This has been extracted from {format_IPA} to allow the latter to handle such combined specs. This works like {format_IPA} but requires that pre-created {err} (for error messages) and {categories} lists be passed in, and adds any generated error messages and categories to those lists. A single value is returned, the pronunciation, which is usually the same as passed in, but may have HTML added surrounding invalid characters so they appear in red. ]=] local function format_one_IPA(lang, pron, err, categories) -- Remove wikilinks, so that wikilink brackets are not misinterpreted as indicating phonetic transcription local without_links = gsub(pron, "%[%^|%+|([^%]]+)%]%]", "%1") without_links = gsub(without_links, "%[%^%+%]%]", "%1")

-- Detect whether this is a phonemic or phonetic transcription local repr, reconstructed = determine_repr(without_links)

if reconstructed then pron = sub(pron, 2) without_links = sub(without_links, 2) end

-- If valid, strip the representation marks if repr == "phonemic" then pron = usub(pron, 2, -2) without_links = usub(without_links, 2, -2) elseif repr == "phonetic" then pron = usub(pron, 2, -2) without_links = usub(without_links, 2, -2) elseif repr == "orthographic" then pron = usub(pron, 2, -2) without_links = usub(without_links, 2, -2) elseif repr == "rhyme" then pron = usub(pron, 2) without_links = usub(without_links, 2) else insert(categories, "IPA pronunciations with invalid representation marks") -- insert(err, "invalid representation marks") -- Removed because it's annoying when previewing pronunciation pages. end

if pron == "" then insert(categories, "IPA pronunciations with no pronunciation present") end

-- Check for obsolete and nonstandard symbols for i, symbol in ipairs(m_data.nonstandard) do		local result for nonstandard in gmatch(pron, symbol) do			if not result then result = {} end insert(result, nonstandard) insert(categories,				{cat = "IPA pronunciations with obsolete or nonstandard characters", sort_key = nonstandard}			) end

if result then insert(err, "obsolete or nonstandard characters (" .. concat(result) .. ")")			break end end

-- Check for invalid symbols after removing the following:			1. wikilinks (handled above)			2. paired HTML tags			3. bolding			4. italics			5. HTML entity for space			6. asterisk at beginning of transcription			7. comma followed by spacing characters			8. superscripts enclosed in superscript parentheses local found_HTML local result = gsub(without_links, "<(%a+)[^>]*>([^<]+)",		function(tagName, content)			found_HTML = true			return content		end) result = gsub(result, "([^']*)", "%1") result = gsub(result, "([^']*)", "%1") result = gsub(result, "&[^;]+;", "") -- This may catch things that are not valid character entities. result = gsub(result, "^%*", "") result = ugsub(result, ",%s+", "")

-- VS15 local vs15_class = "[" .. m_symbols.add_vs15 .. "]"	if umatch(pron, vs15_class) then local vs15 = u(0xFE0E) if find(result, vs15) then result = gsub(result, vs15, "") pron = gsub(pron, vs15, "") end pron = ugsub(pron, "(" .. vs15_class .. ")", "%1" .. vs15) end

if result ~= "" then local suggestions = {} for k, v in pairs(m_symbols.invalid) do			if find(result, k, 1, true) then insert(suggestions, k .. " with " .. v)			end end if suggestions[1] then suggestions = listToText(suggestions) if is_content_page then error("Invalid IPA: replace " .. suggestions) else insert(err, "replace " .. suggestions) end end result = ugsub(result, "⁽[".. m_symbols.superscripts .. "]+⁾", "") local per_lang_valid if lang then per_lang_valid = m_symbols.per_lang_valid[lang:getCode] end per_lang_valid = per_lang_valid or "" result = ugsub(result, "[" .. m_symbols.valid .. per_lang_valid .. "]", "") if result ~= "" then local category = "IPA pronunciations with invalid IPA characters" if not is_content_page then category = category .. "/non_mainspace" end insert(categories, category) insert(err, "invalid IPA characters (" .. result .. ")")		end end

if found_HTML then insert(categories, "IPA pronunciations with paired HTML tags") end

if repr == "phonemic" or repr == "rhyme" then if lang and m_data.phonemes[lang:getCode] then local valid_phonemes = m_data.phonemes[lang:getCode] local rest = pron local phonemes = {}

while #rest > 0 do				local longestmatch, longestmatch_len = "", 0

local rest_init = sub(rest, 1, 1) if rest_init == "(" or rest_init == ")" then longestmatch = rest_init longestmatch_len = 1 else for _, phoneme in ipairs(valid_phonemes) do						local phoneme_len = len(phoneme) if phoneme_len > longestmatch_len and usub(rest, 1, phoneme_len) == phoneme then longestmatch = phoneme longestmatch_len = len(longestmatch) end end end

if longestmatch_len > 0 then insert(phonemes, longestmatch) rest = usub(rest, longestmatch_len + 1) else local phoneme = usub(rest, 1, 1) insert(phonemes, "" .. phoneme .. " ") rest = usub(rest, 2) insert(categories, "IPA pronunciations with invalid phonemes/" .. lang:getCode) track("invalid phonemes/" .. phoneme) end end

pron = concat(phonemes) end

if repr == "phonemic" then pron = "/" .. pron .. "/"		else pron = "-" .. pron end elseif repr == "phonetic" then pron = "[" .. pron .. "]"	elseif repr == "orthographic" then pron = "⟨" .. pron .. "⟩"	end

if reconstructed then pron = "*" .. pron end

return pron end

--[==[ Format an IPA pronunciation. This wraps the pronunciation in appropriate CSS classes and adds cleanup categories and error messages as needed. The pronunciation `pron` should be either phonemic (surrounded by {/.../}), phonetic (surrounded by {[...]}), orthographic (surrounded by {⟨...⟩}), a rhyme (beginning with a hyphen) or a combined phonemic/phonetic spec (of the form {/.../ [...]}). `lang` indicates the language of the pronunciation and can be {nil}. If not {nil}, and the specified language has data in Module:IPA/data indicating the allowed phonemes, then the page will be added to a cleanup category and an error message displayed next to the outputted pronunciation. Note that {lang} also determines sort key processing in the added cleanup categories. If `split_output` is not given, the return value is a concatenation of the formatted pronunciation, error messages and formatted cleanup categories. Otherwise, three values are returned: the formatted pronunciation, the cleanup categories and the concatenated error messages. If `split_output` is the value {"raw"}, the cleanup categories are returned in list form, where the list elements are a combination of category strings and category objects of the form suitable for passing to {format_categories} in Module:utilities. If `split_output` is any other value besides {nil}, the cleanup categories are returned as a pre-formatted concatenated string. ]==] function export.format_IPA(lang, pron, split_output) local err = {} local categories = {}

-- `pron` shouldn't contain ref tags. if match(pron, "\127'\"`UNIQ%-%-ref%-[%dA-F]+%-QINU`\"'\127") then error(" tags found inside pronunciation parameter.") end

if not lang then track("format-nolang") end

local phonemic, phonetic = split_phonemic_phonetic(pron) pron = format_one_IPA(lang, phonemic, err, categories) if phonetic then phonetic = format_one_IPA(lang, phonetic, err, categories) pron = pron .. " " .. phonetic end

if err[1] then err = '  ' .. concat(err, ", ") .. " "	else err = "" end

return process_maybe_split_categories(split_output, categories, ' ' .. pron .. " ", lang,		err) end

--[==[ Format a line of one or more enPR pronunciations as enPR would do it, i.e. with a preceding {"enPR:"} (linked to Appendix:English pronunciation) followed by one or more formatted, comma-separated enPR pronunciations. The pronunciations are formatted by wrapping them in the and  CSS classes and adding any left and right regular and accent qualifiers. In addition, the overall result is wrapped in any overall left and right regular and accent qualifiers. There is a single parameter `data`, an object with the following fields: pronunciations and preceding {"enPR:"}. pronunciations and preceding {"enPR:"}. ]==] function export.format_enPR_full(data) local prefix = "enPR: " local lang = require("Module:languages").getByCode("en") local parts = {}
 * `items` is a list of enPR pronunciations, each of which is an object with the following properties:
 * `pron`: the enPR pronunciation;
 * `q`: {nil} or a list of left qualifiers (as in q) to display before the formatted pronunciation;
 * `qq`: {nil} or a list of right qualifiers to display after the formatted pronunciation;
 * `a`: {nil} or a list of left accent qualifiers (as in a) to display before the formatted pronunciation;
 * `aa`: {nil} or a list of right accent qualifiers to after before the formatted pronunciation.
 * `q`: {nil} or a list of left qualifiers (as in q) to display at the beginning, before the formatted
 * `qq`: {nil} or a list of right qualifiers to display after all formatted pronunciations.
 * `a`: {nil} or a list of left accent qualifiers (as in a) to display at the beginning, before the formatted
 * `aa`: {nil} or a list of right accent qualifiers to display after all formatted pronunciations.

for _, item in ipairs(data.items) do local part = ' ' .. item.pron .. " "

if item.q and item.q[1] or item.qq and item.qq[1] or item.a and item.a[1] or item.aa and item.aa[1] then part = require("Module:pron qualifier").format_qualifiers { lang = lang, text = part, q = item.q,				qq = item.qq, a = item.a,				aa = item.aa, }		end insert(parts, part) end

local prontext = prefix .. concat(parts, ", ") if data.q and data.q[1] or data.qq and data.qq[1] or data.a and data.a[1] or data.aa and data.aa[1] then prontext = require(pron_qualifier_module).format_qualifiers { lang = lang, text = prontext, q = data.q,			qq = data.qq, a = data.a,			aa = data.aa, }	end

return prontext end

return export

title: Module:IPA


text:
sālījis

Participle

 * 1) having salted;

title: sālījis


text:
nesālījis

Participle

 * 1) not having salted;

title: nesālījis


text:
Module:IPA/documentation

Data is in Module:IPA/data, Module:IPA/data/symbols, and Module:IPA/data/X-SAMPA.

Tracking
The submodule Module:IPA/tracking allows you to track specific symbols used in the IPA transcriptions of a given language: for instance, the trill symbol in English transcriptions. Go there for the list of languages and tracking conditions.

Unit tests

 * See also: Module:IPA/testcases

title: Module:IPA/documentation


text:
Manchester tart

Noun

 * 1) A traditional English baked tart, consisting of a shortcrust pastry shell spread with raspberry jam, covered with a custard filling, and topped with flakes of coconut and a maraschino cherry.

title: Manchester tart


text: gypsy tarts

title: gypsy tarts


text:
gypsy tart

Noun

 * 1) A sweet tart made with evaporated milk and muscovado sugar.

title: gypsy tart


text: Manchester tarts

title: Manchester tarts


text: redzējusi

title: redzējusi


text: neredzējusi

title: neredzējusi


text: gājusi

title: gājusi


text: negājusi

title: negājusi


text: nākusi

title: nākusi


text: nenākusi

title: nenākusi


text: devusi

title: devusi


text:
thesaurosis

Noun

 * 1) A lung storage disease thought to be caused by inhalation of hair spray.

title: thesaurosis


text: nedevusi

title: nedevusi


text: sālījusi

title: sālījusi


text: nesālījusi

title: nesālījusi


text: redzējuši

title: redzējuši


text:
antisniffing

Adjective

 * 1) Opposing or preventing sniffing.
 * 2)  Preventing sniffing interception of network packets
 * 1)  Preventing sniffing interception of network packets

title: antisniffing


text: neredzējuši

title: neredzējuši


text: gājuši

title: gājuši


text: negājuši

title: negājuši


text:
precompensate

Verb

 * 1) To compensate in advance.

title: precompensate


text: nākuši

title: nākuši


text: precompensating

title: precompensating


text: precompensates

title: precompensates


text: precompensated

title: precompensated


text: nenākuši

title: nenākuši


text: devuši

title: devuši


text: nedevuši

title: nedevuši


text: fecalomas

title: fecalomas


text: fecalith

title: fecalith


text: fecaliths

title: fecaliths


text:
stercoroma

Etymology
From, from. See.

Noun

 * 1) fecaloma

title: stercoroma


text:
coprolith

Noun

 * 1) fecaloma
 * 2)  coprolite

title: coprolith


text: sālījuši

title: sālījuši


text: coproliths

title: coproliths


text: nesālījuši

title: nesālījuši


text:
wrongdom

Etymology
From, , equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1) An act or instance of wrong or wrongdoing; wrongness; error.

title: wrongdom


text: redzējušu

title: redzējušu


text: neredzējušu

title: neredzējušu


text: gājušu

title: gājušu


text:
uroflowmetric

Adjective

 * 1) Relating to uroflowmetry.

title: uroflowmetric


text: negājušu

title: negājušu


text:
uroflowmetry

Noun

 * 1) measurement of the flow of urine

Translations

 * Catalan: fluxometria urinària
 * Finnish: virtsan virtausmittaus
 * German: Uroflowmetrie
 * Italian: uroflussometria
 * Japanese: 尿流量測定
 * Persian: نوار مثانه
 * Russian:

title: uroflowmetry


text:
uroflowmeter

Noun

 * 1) A device that measures the flow of urine.

title: uroflowmeter


text: uroflowmeters

title: uroflowmeters


text: nākušu

title: nākušu


text: nenākušu

title: nenākušu


text: devušu

title: devušu


text: nedevušu

title: nedevušu


text: sālījušu

title: sālījušu


text: nesālījušu

title: nesālījušu


text: redzējuša

title: redzējuša


text: neredzējuša

title: neredzējuša


text: gājuša

title: gājuša


text: negājuša

title: negājuša


text: nākuša

title: nākuša


text:
righthood

Etymology
From, , equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1) The condition, state, or quality of being right; rightness.
 * 2) * 1913, Michigan Public Health - Page 79:
 * And our children's children's children will thank us for this day, For rising up in the righthood and showing them the way.
 * 1)  The state of being a right, or being recognised as a right.
 * 2) * 1992, Philip Alston, Stephen Parker (LL.B.), John A. Seymour, Children, Rights, and the Law - Page 227:
 * 'Righthood' is achieved only when sufficient duties or powers are conferred on others that the claim can realistically be realized.
 * 'Righthood' is achieved only when sufficient duties or powers are conferred on others that the claim can realistically be realized.

title: righthood


text: nenākuša

title: nenākuša


text: devuša

title: devuša


text: nedevuša

title: nedevuša


text: sālījuša

title: sālījuša


text: nesālījuša

title: nesālījuša


text: redzējušas

title: redzējušas


text: neredzējušas

title: neredzējušas


text: gājušas

title: gājušas


text: negājušas

title: negājušas


text: nākušas

title: nākušas


text: nenākušas

title: nenākušas


text: devušas

title: devušas


text:
Module talk:IPA

Order by articulation?
This is just a small suggestion... Would it make sense to sort the symbols by their articulation type, so that the order here resembles the order used in the IPA chart? I know that only matters for Lua coders, but still. :) 21:40, 20 March 2013 (UTC)

 * This order is from the reference, X-SAMPA, which our links to. Probably makes more sense to list them systematically by the source material. So, I think yes. —Michael Z. 2013-03-20 22:48 z

Translating symbols without precomposed characters
These could probably be transliterated as well, with a precaution. Precomposed characters would always have to be substituted first, so that the longest possible sequence is always used. I don't how how gsub behaves in this case, though, so it may be necessary to add a bit of extra code. 02:33, 21 March 2013 (UTC)

 * I’m not sure that’s necessary for the characters that only have a form with diacritics. I believe that mw.gsub replaces all of the diacritics separately. Needs testing.

 * These lines in the code are mainly placeholders for when Unicode does add the characters. I will comment this more clearly.

 * Good point about order, though. MW’s Lua has undocumented quirks. —Michael Z. 2013-03-21 04:10 z

Verification?
I think it would be a good idea to add something that also verifies the validity of the IPA, so that it checks whether there are any characters in the string that don't belong in IPA, and either shows an error or puts the entry in a category if it fails. There would have to be some leeway though, because current practice allows for brackets and spaces even though they're not strictly part of IPA. 02:38, 21 March 2013 (UTC)

 * Spaces are converted to dashes, following the X-SAMPA table.

 * Other characters will just pass through, so this should be reasonably safe. It’s just for converting the IPA entered in Wiktionary, so it is presumed to be checked by an editor. Validating the IPA that is entered into Wiktionary is out of scope, although that might be a valuable project. But this conversion does need testing. —Michael Z. 2013-03-21 04:28 z
 * I don't see why it's out of scope. This module is called "IPA" isn't it? Besides, everything that is needed is already in place (the list of valid characters) so it would be very easy to do. In fact, it would be almost the same as converting it to X-SAMPA, except that you check afterwards whether any characters haven't been converted. 13:28, 21 March 2013 (UTC)

 * Okay; I was imagining something more complex. What’s the behaviour? If there are non-IPA characters included, then show an error message on the page? Or maybe better to add a class attribute and a hidden category, so that it only presents itself to editors. —Michael Z. 2013-03-21 15:40 z

Why IPA to X-SAMPA?
We've abandoned X-SAMPA, so I don't think it's necessary to do this. Rather, the module should pass through IPA unchanged, while converting X-SAMPA to IPA as well. The output should always be IPA. 15:53, 18 May 2014 (UTC)
 * I think the module was started before we had given up on X-SAMPA, and some people knew IPA but didn't know X-SAMPA so they created this module to produce X-SAMPA from IPA. But yeah, now what we need is a module to convert X-SAMPA (easier to type) into IPA (easier to read). Kenny's been doing some work on it already today, but see the test cases on the documentation page for some problems it's still having. I hope the bugs can be cleared up and that very soon we can replace  in Template:IPA with   or the like. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 20:15, 18 May 2014 (UTC)

X-SAMPA to IPA test cases

 * {{#invoke:IPA/X-SAMPA|XSAMPA_to_IPA|["b{tl{{=}}%SIp]}}, {{#invoke:IPA/X-SAMPA|XSAMPA_to_IPA|["b{tl_{{=}}%SIp]}} ← should both be [ˈbætl̩ˌʃɪp] (problem with equals sign, perhaps?)
 * ← should both be [bɑːdʲ]
 * How come ' is _j? --kc_kennylau (talk) 10:04, 19 May 2014 (UTC)
 * See X-SAMPA: both  and   correspond to ʲ. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 10:51, 19 May 2014 (UTC)
 * Well you can add data to Module:IPA/data without approaching me. --kc_kennylau (talk) 10:57, 19 May 2014 (UTC)
 * I'd rather not. Lua syntax intimidates the hell out of me. I found the part that says  but I have no idea how to add an alternative to that. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 11:13, 19 May 2014 (UTC)
 * ← should be [dɔʏ̯t͡ʃ]? makes no mention of ͡ (combining double inverted breve, U+0361).  says to use the underscore _ for it, but that's ambiguous:   could then be either [q̆] or [q͡χ]. We may have to invent something not already in use, such as.
 * Well, gave us examples implying that the combining double inverted breve should not be transcribed in X-SAMPA. --kc_kennylau (talk) 11:13, 19 May 2014 (UTC)
 * I propose using two underscores: t__S. 11:35, 19 May 2014 (UTC)
 * I'm the one who wrote the comment about the combining double inverted breve, not Atitarev. And since we're only using XSAMPA to make it easier to type IPA, and using the combining doubled inverted breve is acceptable (and in some cases even necessary) in IPA, we need a way to encode it. A double underscore is fine with me. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 12:09, 19 May 2014 (UTC)
 * ← should be [ˈbætl̩ˌʃɪp]; normal IPA characters should just pass through unscathed. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 18:33, 18 May 2014 (UTC)

For [bɑːdʲ] above I forgot the velarization mark after the b. For some reason, when I added it to the testcases subpages, that broke the palatalization mark after the d. Why do and  work but  doesn't? Can it not handle more than one underscore per term? —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 13:52, 19 May 2014 (UTC)
 * No. The problem was that the underscore fell on an odd character index (or shall I say even, because Lua uses 1-based indices). lua with the pattern  finds every non-overlapping pair of characters, in this case ,  ,  ,   and  . Then the function replaces each pair with an entry in a given lookup table, or leaves it alone if there is no entry in the table. And there was no entry for   or  . So there was no replacement.
 * I changed the implementation to avoid string substitution, and instead scan the X-SAMPA string incrementally.
 * (The same thing bit me while writing transliteration modules some time ago.) — Keφr
 * OK, good, glad you figured it out! Some more tests:
 * ← should be [d̪ˠoːɟ] (dóigh) looks OK
 * ← should be [ˈmɝdɚ] (murder) with precomposed ɝ and ɚ rather than ɜ and ə followed by the rhoticization diacritic.
 * —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 15:07, 19 May 2014 (UTC)
 * Hmm. I've already updated Module:IPA/data accordingly. --kc_kennylau (talk) 15:26, 19 May 2014 (UTC)

Nonstandard IPA
There are a whole lot of that we could have this module convert into the standard symbols, but the only ones that I see with any regularity are g (U+0067) instead of ɡ (U+0261) and the ligatures (which Unicode confusingly calls digraphs) ʣ ʤ ʥ ʦ ʧ ʨ instead of dz dʒ dʑ ts tʃ tɕ. These seven at least should be added to the module for conversion to their standard counterparts. (Actually g → ɡ is already part of XSAMPA to IPA conversion, so we don't need to worry about it separately.) —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 14:40, 19 May 2014 (UTC)
 * Are you suggesting to merge Module:validate IPA into this module? — Keφr 20:24, 20 May 2014 (UTC)
 * I guess not, since that module just puts things into a cleanup category. If someone enters  on a page, I don't want the page put into a cleanup category, I just want the page to display "" as if they had entered it correctly. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 20:48, 20 May 2014 (UTC)
 * I do think they should be merged. I can't really think of any reason not to merge them. Validation and conversion is really more or less a single process. 20:55, 20 May 2014 (UTC)
 * I guess I don't mind if they're put into a cleanup category, but I don't really see the point. As long as it displays correctly, that's good enough for me. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 21:08, 20 May 2014 (UTC)
 * Aren’t the digraphs supposed to represent the combined sound; e.g., I think ʧ is replaced by t͡ʃ.
 * A cleanup category is a good idea. It can be ignored, but incorrect entry will be discouraged if editors choose to look at hidden categories or see others correct the input —Michael Z. 2014-05-21 06:21 z
 * We can replace ʧ etc. with t͡ʃ etc. In most languages there's no difference (in English /tiːtʃ/ and /tiːt͡ʃ/ are exactly equivalent), but in a few languages like Polish there is a difference, so t͡ʃ etc. probably makes more sense. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 12:16, 21 May 2014 (UTC)
 * "teat she" is the same as "teachy"? And Polish has, not . Czech has . — Keφr 16:36, 21 May 2014 (UTC)
 * "teat she" is two words and wouldn't be a dictionary entry, but even if it were a dictionary-worthy phrase it could be represented /tiːt ʃi/ or /tiːt.ʃi/ as opposed to /tiːtʃi/ or /tiː.tʃi/. My point about Polish is just that it distinguishes and  (e.g.  vs. ) so the tie bar is not optional in that language as it is in English. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 18:28, 21 May 2014 (UTC)

 * English /tʃ/ in hotshoe and batshit is audibly different from /t͡ʃ/ (or /ʧ/) in achoo and ratchet. A period separator would emphasize it, but the tie bar makes the distinction. —Michael Z. 2014-05-22 06:17 z
 * My point is merely that using the period/full stop to separate syllables means that the tie bar is not indispensible in English. I have no objection at all to people using the tie bar to transcribe English, but I personally don't use it when I transcribe English, and that doesn't make my transcriptions wrong. (Granted, I don't usually use the syllable separator either since I don't think English syllables always cleanly divide between segments, but in a word like I'd pretty much have to.) —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 08:12, 22 May 2014 (UTC)

 * I'm curious what the actual phonetic difference between those is. 18:54, 21 May 2014 (UTC)
 * Between which? — Keφr 19:02, 21 May 2014 (UTC)
 * Between those two Polish words. I can hear a difference in the audio pronunciations, but I can't pinpoint what the difference actually is, let alone express it in IPA. 19:04, 21 May 2014 (UTC)
 * Is this not what the tie bar is for? Reading Appendix:Polish pronunciation suggests reading affricate consonant. — Keφr 19:10, 21 May 2014 (UTC)
 * I think in terms of articulation, there's just no coarticulation in trzy as there is in czy. Also, listening to the audio files, I'm gonna say the stop in trzy is dental [t̪] while in czy the stop portion of the affricate is postalveolar, maybe even retroflex [ʈ]. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 19:30, 21 May 2014 (UTC)
 * I've been wondering about this as well. Since Polish /ʂ/ is retroflex, the entire affricate ought to be retroflex, so that would make it /ʈʂ/. Similarly, the English sound is properly a postalveolar affricate, so that would make its first element a postalveolar stop, for which IPA lacks a symbol. 19:39, 21 May 2014 (UTC)
 * Well, it lacks a simple symbol, but you can certainly use [t̠] for it if you want. But I'd never write /t̠͡ʃ/ at the phonemic level, and I'd probably never even write [t̠͡ʃ] at the phonetic level unless I was making a point specifically about how the starting point of the "ch" affricate is further back than a normal "t". —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 20:15, 21 May 2014 (UTC)

Characters that need to be escaped in template syntax
In all Mediawiki template calls, the characters = and | have a specific meaning in the syntax, so here at Wikimedia projects, if you need to use them in templates, you replace them with and  respectively. When I do that with this module it works fine unless I try to subst the module invocation in:
 * renders as: {{#invoke:IPA/X-SAMPA|XSAMPA_to_IPA|/"d{zl{{=}}/}} (English )
 * renders as: (Zulu )

but:
 * renders as: /ˈdæzlææ̩ʉʉ/ (English )
 * renders as: [iːˈææꜜʉʉ\iːææꜜʉʉ\i] (Zulu )

Is there any way to fix that? Or should I just avoid subst'ing it in in those cases? —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 13:33, 22 May 2014 (UTC)
 * Substitute and  as well (i.e.  and ). Or in case of , use explicitly numbered parameters: {{temp|subst:#invoke:IPA|XSAMPA_to_IPA|3=1==/"d{zl=/}}. Otherwise no. — Keφr 15:12, 22 May 2014 (UTC)

Taking it live
Okay, I've added the tiebar with pseudo-XSAMPA equivalent  (i.e. two underscores) and it works at Module:IPA/testcases. Is there any reason not to edit and  so that they invoke this module directly, allowing XSAMPA input with IPA output? —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 11:07, 7 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Well, and it didn't work. Any ideas? —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 11:10, 17 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Both the open big bracket and the close big bracket are well-defined X-SAMPA codes, that's why you see æææɨʉʉʉ. --kc_kennylau (talk) 11:15, 17 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Yeah, I know; the question is, how do I get the template to realize I'm not using them that way? —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 11:17, 17 June 2014 (UTC)
 * As long as you provide the first parameter, it would not treat it literally. Note that other templates also take un-passed parameters literally. For example: gives . --kc_kennylau (talk) 11:23, 17 June 2014 (UTC)

IPA pronunciations with invalid IPA characters
Which symbol is "invalid" in газовая колонка [ˈgazəvəjə kɐˈlonkə]? --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 06:20, 23 July 2014 (UTC)
 * The g. IPA uses a separate letter ɡ (U+0261), not the usual letter g (U+0067). The difference between them is not apparent in all fonts. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 09:31, 23 July 2014 (UTC)
 * Thank you. There's still something wrong in газовая колонка. --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 10:24, 23 July 2014 (UTC)
 * I think there's something wrong in Module:ru-pron. I tried to fix it, but it doesn't seem to have worked. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 10:42, 23 July 2014 (UTC)
 * Thank you. User:Wyang has fixed it. --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 13:03, 23 July 2014 (UTC)

A long mark in parentheses seem to be false positive such as /krɛ(ː)m/ in crème since it can be read short or long. (My native language, th, has many words in this case.) Please also check. The long mark in parentheses should be valid. --Octahedron80 (talk) 07:18, 24 March 2015 (UTC)
 * Due to the link I posted, I found more false cases that the symbol placed after some certain letters. The fact is the long mark can be placed after any vowels and consonants. Please debug them. --Octahedron80 (talk) 07:37, 24 March 2015 (UTC)
 * That can be avoided by listing the two variants separately, as I have done . —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 15:49, 25 March 2015 (UTC)

Representation marks
Is it possible to arrange it so that throws an error message if what it encloses doesn't begin and end with either /.../ or [...], but for  not to throw the error message? There are plenty of times (e.g. pronunciation appendices) when doesn't need the representation marks. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 10:49, 4 August 2014 (UTC)

Should use Template:accent, not Template:qualifier
According to the documentation for, it's meant to be used in definitions, not in pronunciation sections. Shouldn't be used instead? — Eru·tuon 20:14, 12 October 2016 (UTC)
 * The difference is in the names. Though I'd say that qualifiers belong anywhere but definitions. —CodeCat 20:16, 12 October 2016 (UTC)
 * Oh, I misread. is for lists of synonyms and such things. Yes, the difference is in the names: the two templates have the same data. But either the documentation for  should not prohibit it being used in pronunciation sections, or  should deprecate the parameter qualN in favor of aN. It is inconsistent. — Eru·tuon 20:48, 12 October 2016 (UTC)
 * They're meant for different things. Qualifier is for things like "rare", and "rare" isn't an accent, but pronunciations can be rare. —CodeCat 20:50, 12 October 2016 (UTC)
 * I don't think "rare" is ever supposed to be used on its own in a pronunciation section. The variety in which a pronunciation is rare always has to be specified. — Eru·tuon 21:50, 12 October 2016 (UTC)

 * Or maybe I just don't know how this works... I guess documentation for doesn't say that   can't be used in a pronunciation section... — Eru·tuon 21:53, 12 October 2016 (UTC)
 * Well, 'rare', 'verb' (and so on) aren't accents so really should use while things like 'UK', 'US' (and so on) use . Renard Migrant (talk) 22:00, 12 October 2016 (UTC)
 * —CodeCat 22:07, 12 October 2016 (UTC)

IPA on Reconstruction pages
Many of the pages in Category:IPA pronunciations with invalid IPA characters are Reconstruction pages. Some of them were included because they had asterisks inside the bracketing ( in the page on ), others outside ( in the page on ). I added some rules to allow asterisks in these positions, but it is an ad-hoc solution. Something more elegant is needed.

In addition, there are many odd characters used in reconstructions, such as capitals and superscripts (for examples, go preview the page ). These place some of the Reconstruction pages in the error categories. Not sure what would be the best way of dealing with this. I would rather not add a bunch of capitals and superscripts to the lua list in Module:IPA/data/symbols, because in most transcriptions these would be incorrect. It would make more sense to have a list of symbols that are used in a particular reconstructed language's transcription system. These lists could then be accessed when Module:IPA is adding the error categories. — Eru·tuon 10:37, 21 February 2017 (UTC)
 * I would rather that the characters used in reconstructions not be put inside IPA templates. PIE and PST, for example, are both conventionally written using all sorts of characters that aren't IPA, so they shouldn't be in IPA or IPAchar. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 18:45, 21 February 2017 (UTC)
 * What would you call the transcription if it's not IPA? What should a new template be called? DTLHS (talk) 18:50, 21 February 2017 (UTC)
 * Do we need a new template at all? If they're in a proto-language for which we have no code, we could just write, for example, instead of  . —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 19:09, 21 February 2017 (UTC)

Suggest replacement characters
Do you think we could suggest replacement characters in some cases in the error message? g to ɡ for example. DTLHS (talk) 22:28, 1 March 2017 (UTC)
 * I like the idea. It should be possible, if we create a table of replacements indexed by the incorrect characters: lua. — Eru·tuon 22:32, 1 March 2017 (UTC)

Categories for words by syllable
I would suggest to disable this for any term that contains whitespace characters, since it looks weird to have a "16-syllable word" that is actually several words. S URJECTION ·talk·contr·log· 22:11, 12 June 2018 (UTC)

Note that I do recognize the existence of nocount, but perhaps it should apply automatically for some languages (the ones that don't use spaces to separate syllables, but words) if the term contains spaces. S URJECTION ·talk·contr·log· 22:25, 12 June 2018 (UTC)

 * ...on second thought, it is probably better to implement these on the language specific IPA templates/modules. S URJECTION ·talk·contr·log· 22:27, 12 June 2018 (UTC)

title: Module talk:IPA


text: nedevušas

title: nedevušas


text: sālījušas

title: sālījušas


text: nesālījušas

title: nesālījušas


text:
redzējušās

Participle

title: redzējušās


text:
neredzējušās

Participle

title: neredzējušās


text:
gājušās

Participle

title: gājušās


text:
negājušās

Participle

title: negājušās


text:
nākušās

Participle

title: nākušās


text:
nenākušās

Participle

title: nenākušās


title: cyut3


text:
devušās

Participle

title: devušās


text:
nedevušās

Participle

title: nedevušās


text:
sālījušās

Participle

title: sālījušās


text:
nesālījušās

Participle

title: nesālījušās


text: redzējušam

title: redzējušam


text: neredzējušam

title: neredzējušam


text: gājušam

title: gājušam


text: negājušam

title: negājušam


text: nākušam

title: nākušam


text: nenākušam

title: nenākušam


text: devušam

title: devušam


text: nedevušam

title: nedevušam


text: sālījušam

title: sālījušam


text: nesālījušam

title: nesālījušam


text: redzējušām

title: redzējušām


text: neredzējušām

title: neredzējušām


text: gājušām

title: gājušām


title: aau2


text: negājušām

title: negājušām


text: nākušām

title: nākušām


text: nenākušām

title: nenākušām


text: devušām

title: devušām


text: nedevušām

title: nedevušām


text: sālījušām

title: sālījušām


text: nesālījušām

title: nesālījušām


text: redzējušiem

title: redzējušiem


text: neredzējušiem

title: neredzējušiem


text: gājušiem

title: gājušiem


text: negājušiem

title: negājušiem


text: nākušiem

title: nākušiem


text: nenākušiem

title: nenākušiem


text: devušiem

title: devušiem


text: nedevušiem

title: nedevušiem


text: sālījušiem

title: sālījušiem


text: nesālījušiem

title: nesālījušiem


text:
redzējušos

Participle

title: redzējušos


text:
neredzējušos

Participle

title: neredzējušos


text:
gājušos

Participle

title: gājušos


text:
negājušos

Participle

title: negājušos


text:
nākušos

Participle

title: nākušos


text: くせに

title: くせに


text:
nenākušos

Participle

title: nenākušos


text:
devušos

Participle

title: devušos


text:
nedevušos

Participle

title: nedevušos


text:
sālījušos

Participle

title: sālījušos


text:
nesālījušos

Participle

title: nesālījušos


text:
redzējušā

Participle

title: redzējušā


text:
neredzējušā

Participle

title: neredzējušā


text:
gājušā

Participle

title: gājušā


text:
negājušā

Participle

title: negājušā


text:
nākušā

Participle

title: nākušā


text:
nenākušā

Participle

title: nenākušā


text:
devušā

Participle

title: devušā


text:
nedevušā

Participle

title: nedevušā


text:
sālījušā

Participle

title: sālījušā


text:
nesālījušā

Participle

title: nesālījušā


text:
on the books

Etymology
Compare.

Prepositional phrase

 * 1) Contained in an official list (of members, employees, clients, projects etc.).
 * 2) Recorded or registered, especially in an official or definitive manner.
 * 3)  Officially recorded in the financial records of a company or organization.
 * 4)  Officially recorded in the lawbooks; having the force of enacted law.
 * 1) Recorded or registered, especially in an official or definitive manner.
 * 2)  Officially recorded in the financial records of a company or organization.
 * 3)  Officially recorded in the lawbooks; having the force of enacted law.
 * 1)  Officially recorded in the financial records of a company or organization.
 * 2)  Officially recorded in the lawbooks; having the force of enacted law.
 * 1)  Officially recorded in the lawbooks; having the force of enacted law.
 * 1)  Officially recorded in the lawbooks; having the force of enacted law.
 * 1)  Officially recorded in the lawbooks; having the force of enacted law.

title: on the books


text: redzējušus

title: redzējušus


text: redzējušai

title: redzējušai


text: neredzējušus

title: neredzējušus


text: neredzējušai

title: neredzējušai


text: gājušus

title: gājušus


text: Template:R:NHK Hatsuon

title: Template:R:NHK Hatsuon


text: gājušai

title: gājušai


text: روشن‌تر

title: روشن‌تر


text: روشن‌ترین

title: روشن‌ترین


text: negājušus

title: negājušus


text: negājušai

title: negājušai


text: nākušus

title: nākušus


text: nākušai

title: nākušai


text: nenākušus

title: nenākušus


text: nenākušai

title: nenākušai


text: devušus

title: devušus


text: devušai

title: devušai


text: nedevušus

title: nedevušus


text: nedevušai

title: nedevušai


text: sālījušus

title: sālījušus


text: sālījušai

title: sālījušai


text: nesālījušus

title: nesālījušus


text: nesālījušai

title: nesālījušai


text: redzējušais

title: redzējušais


text: neredzējušais

title: neredzējušais


text: gājušais

title: gājušais


text: negājušais

title: negājušais


text: nākušais

title: nākušais


text: nenākušais

title: nenākušais


text: devušais

title: devušais


text: nedevušais

title: nedevušais


text: sālījušais

title: sālījušais


text: nesālījušais

title: nesālījušais


text: redzējusī

title: redzējusī


text: neredzējusī

title: neredzējusī


text: gājusī

title: gājusī


text: negājusī

title: negājusī


text: nākusī

title: nākusī


text: devusī

title: devusī


text: nedevusī

title: nedevusī


text: sālījusī

title: sālījusī


text: nesālījusī

title: nesālījusī


text: redzējušo

title: redzējušo


text: neredzējušo

title: neredzējušo


text: Category:ga:Scientists

title: Category:ga:Scientists


text: gājušo

title: gājušo


text: negājušo

title: negājušo


text: nākušo

title: nākušo


text: Category:cv:Chemical elements

title: Category:cv:Chemical elements


text: nenākušo

title: nenākušo


text:
Allémand

Etymology
From, , from , , of origins.

Adjective

 * 1)  German

Noun

 * 1)  German person

Proper noun

 * 1)  the German language

title: Allémand


text:
گاه‌شماری هجری خورشیدی

Proper noun

 * 1) Hijri Solar calendar

title: گاه‌شماری هجری خورشیدی


text: devušo

title: devušo


text: Category:pa:Political subdivisions

title: Category:pa:Political subdivisions


text: nedevušo

title: nedevušo


text: Category:sl:Genres

title: Category:sl:Genres


text: sālījušo

title: sālījušo


text: Category:sl:Entertainment

title: Category:sl:Entertainment


text: nesālījušo

title: nesālījušo


text: redzējušajam

title: redzējušajam


text: neredzējušajam

title: neredzējušajam


text: gājušajam

title: gājušajam


text: negājušajam

title: negājušajam


text:
matís

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) shade, hue of colour
 * 2)  shade of meaning, nuance

title: matís


text: nākušajam

title: nākušajam


text:
Allémande

Noun

 * 1)  German woman

title: Allémande


text: nenākušajam

title: nenākušajam


text: Category:km:Transport

title: Category:km:Transport


text: devušajam

title: devušajam


text: nedevušajam

title: nedevušajam


text: Category:oc:Wine

title: Category:oc:Wine


text: Allémandes

title: Allémandes


text: Category:ae:Nature

title: Category:ae:Nature


text: sālījušajam

title: sālījušajam


text: Wiktionary:Requested entries (Picard)

title: Wiktionary:Requested entries (Picard)


text: nesālījušajam

title: nesālījušajam


text: Category:fr:Bowling

title: Category:fr:Bowling


text: redzējušajām

title: redzējušajām


text: Category:sco:Cooking

title: Category:sco:Cooking


text: Allémands

title: Allémands


text: neredzējušajām

title: neredzējušajām


text: gājušajām

title: gājušajām


text: negājušajām

title: negājušajām


text: nākušajām

title: nākušajām


text: nenākušajām

title: nenākušajām


text: devušajām

title: devušajām


text: nedevušajām

title: nedevušajām


text: Category:Finnish swear words

title: Category:Finnish swear words


text: Category:nl:Nonverbal communication

title: Category:nl:Nonverbal communication


text: sālījušajām

title: sālījušajām


text: nesālījušajām

title: nesālījušajām


text: Category:fa:Provinces of Pakistan

title: Category:fa:Provinces of Pakistan


text: redzējušie

title: redzējušie


text: Category:fa:Pakistan

title: Category:fa:Pakistan


text: redzējušajiem

title: redzējušajiem


text: redzējušajā

title: redzējušajā


text: neredzējušie

title: neredzējušie


text: neredzējušajiem

title: neredzējušajiem


text: neredzējušajā

title: neredzējušajā


text: gājušie

title: gājušie


text: gājušajiem

title: gājušajiem


text: gājušajā

title: gājušajā


text: negājušie

title: negājušie


text: negājušajiem

title: negājušajiem


text: Category:et:United States

title: Category:et:United States


text: Category:et:North America

title: Category:et:North America


text: Category:et:America

title: Category:et:America


text: Category:isd:Bodily fluids

title: Category:isd:Bodily fluids


text: Category:isd:Liquids

title: Category:isd:Liquids


text: negājušajā

title: negājušajā


text: Category:isd:Matter

title: Category:isd:Matter


text: nākušie

title: nākušie


text: Category:isd:Medicine

title: Category:isd:Medicine


text: nākušajiem

title: nākušajiem


text: nākušajā

title: nākušajā


text: nenākušie

title: nenākušie


text: nenākušajiem

title: nenākušajiem


text: nenākušajā

title: nenākušajā


text:
울퉁불퉁

Etymology
Compare,.

Ideophone

 * 1) significantly unevenly, significantly ruggedly

title: 울퉁불퉁


text: devušie

title: devušie


text: devušajiem

title: devušajiem


text: devušajā

title: devušajā


text: nedevušie

title: nedevušie


text: nedevušajiem

title: nedevušajiem


text: nedevušajā

title: nedevušajā


text:
índex

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) index
 * 2) index finger

title: índex


text: sālījušie

title: sālījušie


text: sālījušajiem

title: sālījušajiem


text: sālījušajā

title: sālījušajā


text:
шинохтан

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1) to know, be acquainted with
 * 2) to acknowledge
 * 3) to discern, distinguish
 * 4) to inform, make known, define, describe
 * 5) to recognize

title: шинохтан


text: nesālījušie

title: nesālījušie


text: nesālījušajiem

title: nesālījušajiem


text: nesālījušajā

title: nesālījušajā


text: redzējušajos

title: redzējušajos


text: redzējušajās

title: redzējušajās


text: redzējušajai

title: redzējušajai


text: neredzējušajos

title: neredzējušajos


text: neredzējušajās

title: neredzējušajās


text: neredzējušajai

title: neredzējušajai


text: gājušajos

title: gājušajos


text: gājušajās

title: gājušajās


text: gājušajai

title: gājušajai


text: negājušajos

title: negājušajos


text: negājušajās

title: negājušajās


text: negājušajai

title: negājušajai


text: nākušajos

title: nākušajos


text: nākušajās

title: nākušajās


text: nākušajai

title: nākušajai


text: nenākušajos

title: nenākušajos


text: nenākušajās

title: nenākušajās


text: nenākušajai

title: nenākušajai


text: devušajos

title: devušajos


text: devušajās

title: devušajās


text: devušajai

title: devušajai


text: nedevušajos

title: nedevušajos


text:
هخامنشی

Noun

 * 1) Achaemenian

Adjective

 * 1) Achaemenian

title: هخامنشی


text: nedevušajās

title: nedevušajās


text: nedevušajai

title: nedevušajai


text: sālījušajos

title: sālījušajos


text: sālījušajās

title: sālījušajās


text: sālījušajai

title: sālījušajai


text: nesālījušajos

title: nesālījušajos


text: nesālījušajās

title: nesālījušajās


text:
هخامنش

Etymology
.

Proper noun

 * 1) Achaemenes

title: هخامنش


text: nesālījušajai

title: nesālījušajai


text:
ejošs

Participle

 * 1) going;

title: ejošs


text:
neejošs

Participle

 * 1) not going;

title: neejošs


text:
nākošs

Participle

 * 1) coming;

title: nākošs


text:
nenākošs

Participle

 * 1) not coming;

title: nenākošs


text:
dodošs

Participle

 * 1) giving;

title: dodošs


text:
nedodošs

Participle

 * 1) not giving;

title: nedodošs


text:
sālošs

Participle

 * 1) salting;

title: sālošs


text:
nesālošs

Participle

 * 1) not salting;

title: nesālošs


text: いはゆる

title: いはゆる


text: redzošu

title: redzošu


text: neredzošu

title: neredzošu


text: ejošu

title: ejošu


text: neejošu

title: neejošu


text: nākošu

title: nākošu


text: nenākošu

title: nenākošu


text: dodošu

title: dodošu


text:
ساسانی

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) Sassanian

Adjective

 * 1) Sassanian

title: ساسانی


text: nedodošu

title: nedodošu


text: sālošu

title: sālošu


text: nesālošu

title: nesālošu


text: もって

title: もって


text: ありません

title: ありません


text: あおもり

title: あおもり


text: ほんだ

title: ほんだ


text: ほりかわ

title: ほりかわ


text:
heeth

Etymology
From,.

Noun

 * 1) heath, uncultivated land
 * 2) * 14th c., . General Prologue: 5-6.
 * "enm"

- Whan Zephirus eek with his sweete breeth Inspired hath in every holt and heeth

title: heeth


text:
sondry

Etymology
From, from.

Adjective

 * 1) sundry, various

title: sondry


text: いけだ

title: いけだ


text:
Engelond

Etymology
From by haplology.

Proper noun

 * 1) England
 * 2) * late 14th c., . General Prologue: 15-16.
 * "enm"

- And specially from every shires ende Of Engelond, to Caunterbury they wende,

 * 1) Britain

title: Engelond


text:
Zephirus

Etymology
From, from.

Proper noun

 * 1) Zephyrus, the Ancient Greek god of the west wind.
 * 2) * 14th c., . General Prologue:
 * "enm"

- Whan Zephirus eek with his sweete breeth Inspired hath in every holt and heeth

title: Zephirus


text: bantchets

title: bantchets


text: いしかわ

title: いしかわ


text: bardgîns

title: bardgîns


text: batchieaux

title: batchieaux


text: bostchots

title: bostchots


text: bouessiaux

title: bouessiaux


text: brotchets

title: brotchets


text: かわい

title: かわい


text:
badgiolyi

Noun

 * 1)  dwarf wild cherry

title: badgiolyi


text:
bouothé

Noun

 * 1)  flobber, pouting

title: bouothé


text: boulants

title: boulants


text: くぼた

title: くぼた


text: くまがい

title: くまがい


text:
bourdon d'tèrre

Noun

 * 1)  burrowing bee

title: bourdon d'tèrre


text: bourdons d'tèrre

title: bourdons d'tèrre


text:
baté fraudeur

Noun

 * 1)  smuggling boat

title: baté fraudeur


text: batchieaux fraudeur

title: batchieaux fraudeur


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/ŋwa

Etymology

 * Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *ngwjəɣ (Coblin, 1986)
 * Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *ŋwa (Matisoff, STEDT; Benedict, 1972; Weidert, 1987; LaPolla, 1987); *ngwa(*B) (Coblin, 1986)

Some have noticed a similarity with 🇨🇬 (whence 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬) (Koenraad, 1999; Chang, 1988).

Compare 🇨🇬 /, 🇨🇬. Because of the restricted geographic distribution of this Tai etymon, Benedict (1972) suspects Chinese to be a loan from Tai: Li (1976) concludes the Tai item is not a loan from Chinese as it is not found in northern Tai dialects. The relationship between this PST root and the Tai comparanda remains unclear.

Noun

 * 1) cattle, ox

Descendants

 * Old Chinese:  (B-S),  (ZS) ("cattle")
 * (in the oracle bone script) 牛-oracle.svg
 * Middle Chinese:

 * Modern Mandarin
 * Beijing: (niú, )
 * Cantonese
 * Guangzhou:
 * Wu
 * Shanghai:
 * Min
 * Min Nan
 * Taiwan:
 * Lolo-Burmese-Naxi
 * Lolo-Burmese
 * Burmish
 * Written
 * Loloish
 * Northern Loloish
 * Yi (Liangshan):, ,
 * Central Loloish
 * Yi (Liangshan):, ,
 * Central Loloish

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/ŋwa


text: catchiéthes

title: catchiéthes


text:
crînminnellement

Adverb

 * 1)  criminally

title: crînminnellement


text: crapauds d'mé

title: crapauds d'mé


text: cannards

title: cannards


text: cannards sauvages

title: cannards sauvages


text:
chancreux

Adjective

 * 1)  cancerous

title: chancreux


text: chancreuses

title: chancreuses


text: chant'rêsses

title: chant'rêsses


text: chent'naithes

title: chent'naithes


text: やまぶし

title: やまぶし


text: chîngnons

title: chîngnons


text: chîtres

title: chîtres


text:
beirarrúa

Etymology
From +.

Noun

 * 1) pavement, sidewalk

title: beirarrúa


text: Template:list:frequency/pt

title: Template:list:frequency/pt


text: beirarrúas

title: beirarrúas


text:
ýsopur

Etymology
From, of origin.

Noun

 * 1) hyssop any of several aromatic bushy herbs, of the genus Hyssopus

title: ýsopur


text:
beiravía

Etymology
From +.

Noun

 * 1) shoulder of a road

title: beiravía


text: beiravías

title: beiravías


text:
ABC順

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) (Latin) alphabetical order

title: ABC順


text: chorchiéthes

title: chorchiéthes


text: cat-dras

title: cat-dras


text:
برای اینکه

Alternative forms

 * — with a ZWNJ.

Conjunction

 * 1) because
 * برای خواهرم چندتا کتاب خریدم برای اینکه می‌دونم از خوندن خوشش می‌آد.
 * Barâye xâharam čand-tâ ketâb xaridam barâye inke mi-dunam az xundan xošeš mi-âd.
 * I bought some books for my sister because I know she likes reading.

title: برای اینکه


text: capelains

title: capelains


text:
киприот

Noun

 * 1) Cypriot person from Cyprus

title: киприот


text:
киприотка

Noun

 * : female Cypriot person from Cyprus

title: киприотка


text:
кипрский

Adjective

 * 1) Cypriot of, from or relating to Cyprus

title: кипрский


text: なかむら

title: なかむら


text: にしやま

title: にしやま


text:
さかもと

Proper noun

 * 1)   or place name
 * 2)   or place name

title: さかもと


text:
carton d'lait

Noun

 * 1)  carton of milk

title: carton d'lait


text: cartons d'lait

title: cartons d'lait


text:
капеллан

Noun

 * 1) chaplain a member of the clergy officially assigned to an institution, group, private chapel, etc.

title: капеллан


text:
stinksauer

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  hopping mad; royally pissed

title: stinksauer


text:
Dödel

Noun

 * 1) fool, idiot
 * 2) dick, cock penis

title: Dödel


text:
colîn

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  hake, coalfish

title: colîn


text: mèrluches

title: mèrluches


text: colîns

title: colîns


text:
coq à ieau fraide

Noun

 * 1)  cold water tap

title: coq à ieau fraide


text:
coq à ieau caûde

Noun

 * 1)  hot water tap

title: coq à ieau caûde


text:
couothant

Noun

 * 1)  current

title: couothant


text: couothants

title: couothants


text:
ܐܣܦܪܓܠܐ

Etymology
Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬. All possibly from.

Noun

 * 1) quince (tree and fruit)

title: ܐܣܦܪܓܠܐ


text: couothante

title: couothante


text: couothis

title: couothis


text:
недуг

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) disease an abnormal condition of the body causing discomfort or dysfunction

Etymology 1
.

title: недуг


text:
denotatively

Adverb

 * 1) In a way that denotes.

title: denotatively


text:
ܫܛܪܐ

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  writing, document, record; deed, bill; bond
 * 2)  ratification

title: ܫܛܪܐ


text:
dithe

Etymology
From, from.

Verb

 * 1)  to say, tell

title: dithe


text:
умирание

Noun

 * 1) dying process of approaching death

title: умирание


text:
ܓܢܫܝܐ

Etymology
Borrowed from. The sense of "sciatica" is a.

Noun

 * 1)  sciatic nerve
 * 2)   thigh
 * 3)  sciatica

title: ܓܢܫܝܐ


text: Category:Norman modal verbs

title: Category:Norman modal verbs


text: aimis

title: aimis


text: donnis

title: donnis


text: patchis

title: patchis


text:
cachis

Etymology
Euphemised form of

Interjection

 * 1)  shoot, shank, sugar euphemised form of "shit"

title: cachis


text: finnis

title: finnis


text: mouothis

title: mouothis


text:
plius

Preposition

 * 1) plus

title: plius


text: tchis

title: tchis


text: assiévis

title: assiévis


text: êcrivis

title: êcrivis


text: env'yis

title: env'yis


text:
lius

Etymology 1
From, from.

Adjective

 * 1) light, bright
 * 2) clear
 * 3) famous

Etymology 2
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) brightness, clarity
 * 2) candle, torch

Etymology
From Pre-Palauan *liuc, from.

Noun

 * 1) coconut, coconut tree

title: lius


text: mîns

title: mîns


text: pathus

title: pathus


text: prîns

title: prîns


text: r'chus

title: r'chus


text: sius

title: sius


text: tîns

title: tîns


text: vêtchus

title: vêtchus


text: vîns

title: vîns


text: èrchus

title: èrchus


text:
clober

Verb

 * 1)  to go clubbing

title: clober


text: clobes

title: clobes


text:
conjudgi

Etymology
From, from +.

Verb

 * 1)  to conjugate

title: conjudgi


text:
conjudgaison

Etymology
From, from , from +.

Noun

 * 1)  conjugation

title: conjudgaison


text: conjudgaisons

title: conjudgaisons


text:
cope-et-cliute

Adjective

 * 1)  cut-and-paste

title: cope-et-cliute


text: cliutes

title: cliutes


text:
קליי

Etymology
Borrowed from, from , from , possibly from.

Noun

 * 1) glue

title: קליי


text: קלייען

title: קלייען


text:
rügensch

Adjective

 * 1)  of Rügen; Rugian

title: rügensch


text:
צוקלעפּן

Etymology
From, from (compare 🇨🇬, from ).

Verb

 * 1) to glue, stick, cement

title: צוקלעפּן


text:
Rugian

Adjective

 * 1) From or pertaining to Rügen (Rugia).
 * 2)  From a certain Germanic tribe the territory of which comprised at some time also the territory of Rügen (Rugia).
 * 1)  From a certain Germanic tribe the territory of which comprised at some time also the territory of Rügen (Rugia).

Noun

 * 1)  A member of a certain Germanic tribe the territory of which comprised at some time also the territory of Rügen (Rugia).

Proper noun

 * 1)  The hypothetical East Germanic language once spoken by the Rugians.

title: Rugian


text:
Rugenian

Adjective

 * 1)  Rugian from or pertaining to Rügen (Rugia)

title: Rugenian


text:
Rugia

Etymology
From the Germanic tribe of the, the name in turn cognate to 🇨🇬, which inhabited the island in the 1st century.

title: Rugia


text:
leväkukinta

Noun

 * 1) algal bloom

title: leväkukinta


text:
crapaûder

Verb

 * 1)  to grope one's way

title: crapaûder


text:
uslero

Noun

 * 1)  rolling pin

title: uslero


text: usleros

title: usleros


text:
crutchi

Verb

 * 1)  to break the shell

title: crutchi


text:
dèrner

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Verb

 * 1)  to darn

title: dèrner


text:
joulusesonki

Noun

 * 1)  Christmas season

title: joulusesonki


text:
crimson tide

Noun

 * 1) red tide type of algal bloom
 * 2)  menstruation

title: crimson tide


text:
dgéthi

Etymology
From, of origins.

Verb

 * 1)  to cure

title: dgéthi


text:
dgéthithon

Etymology
From, from , of origins.

Noun

 * 1)  cure

title: dgéthithon


text: dgéthithons

title: dgéthithons


text:
dgiag'nose

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1)  diagnosis

title: dgiag'nose


text:
Template talk:paramref

Discussion before template was moved from "Template:param"
Use of this template (in its current form) on template documentation pages (example) is an exceedingly bad idea, IMO, because (as seen in the example) it renders the parameter names in, as would be used inside template wikicode — which has nothing to do with how parameters are used in  . In other words, the triple-braces notation is only meaningful to template coders, not template users. Since the target audience of template documentation is users, it makes no sense to use the triple-braces notation there. - dcljr (talk) 06:52, 21 March 2013 (UTC)
 * Note, BTW, that using this template in an explanation of how to use parameter values inside templates would be fine, but it looks like the vast majority of uses are on template/doc subpages, so I would recommend changing the rendering to just something like this, and forget about the "|" and "!" stuff. - dcljr (talk) 07:37, 21 March 2013 (UTC)
 * Unless someone says something soon, I'm prepared to change this template as described above. Of course, if any instance of this template actually is in a context where notation is appropriate, I'll change it to not use the (modified) template. - dcljr (talk) 23:48, 13 June 2013 (UTC)
 * Go ahead. Maybe add a = after the parameter name. — Ungoliant (Falai) 00:21, 14 June 2013 (UTC)
 * I've finally acted on this. Instead of changing this template and altering "legitimate" uses of it (as alluded to above), I've decided to create a new Template:docparam and replace this template by that one on all the /documentation subpages (very annoying to actually do, but a better solution, AISI). I've taken Ungoliant's advice to include an "=" after the parameter name, and used underlining to set off the parameter visually from the surrounding text. Interested parties can discuss the new template further at Template talk:docparam, if desired. - dcljr (talk) 06:49, 22 August 2013 (UTC)

Page move
This template was just moved/renamed based on a brief discussion at Wiktionary:Beer parlour/2019/October# Deprecate. Comments regarding the move may be directed to there (for some reasonable amount of time, anyway). - dcljr (talk) 05:22, 14 October 2019 (UTC)

title: Template talk:paramref


text:
dgiag'noser

Verb

 * 1)  to diagnose

title: dgiag'noser


text:
distîler

Etymology
From, from.

Verb

 * 1)  to distil

title: distîler


text: distîl'lies

title: distîl'lies


text: distillâtions

title: distillâtions


text:
dispathaître

Verb

 * 1)  to disappear

title: dispathaître


text:
искупить

Verb

 * 1) to expiate, to atone, to redeem

title: искупить


text:
проигравший

Noun

 * 1) loser person who fails to win
 * 2) underdog

title: проигравший


text:
Besichtigung

Noun

 * 1) inspection
 * 2) viewing
 * 3) sightseeing

title: Besichtigung


text: teẏrn

title: teẏrn


text: Besichtigungen

title: Besichtigungen


text:
twnc

Etymology
Deverbal from

Noun

 * 1) that which is brought forward or upon
 * 2) a deposit
 * 3)  a chief rent, particularly within a feudal context

title: twnc


text:
wnc

Etymology
From, from , from (whence 🇨🇬).

Noun

 * 1)  proximity, nearness

Adjective

 * 1)  near, close, nigh

Adverb

 * 1)  here, present

Preposition

 * 1)  near, nigh

title: wnc


text:
υφήλιος

Etymology
From, from and.

Noun

 * 1) world

title: υφήλιος


text:
llwnc

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1)  throat, gullet
 * 2) swallow, gulp
 * 1) swallow, gulp

title: llwnc


text:
discriminner

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Verb

 * 1)  to discriminate

title: discriminner


text:
pwnc

Etymology
From, borrowed from. .

Noun

 * 1) subject, topic, matter, point of discussion
 * 2) spot, point in space
 * 3) point, moment in time
 * 4) point, thesis, proposition
 * 5)  article, point of doctrine
 * 6)  academic subject
 * 7)  case
 * 8)  note
 * 9)  full stop, period
 * 10)  Bible passage recited by church congregation for catechetical purposes
 * 11) church service for this purpose
 * 1)  case
 * 2)  note
 * 3)  full stop, period
 * 4)  Bible passage recited by church congregation for catechetical purposes
 * 5) church service for this purpose
 * 1)  full stop, period
 * 2)  Bible passage recited by church congregation for catechetical purposes
 * 3) church service for this purpose
 * 1) church service for this purpose

title: pwnc


text: pynciau

title: pynciau


text:
discriminnâtion

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  discrimination

title: discriminnâtion


text:
rhwnc

Etymology
Probably from.

Noun

 * 1) a snort
 * 2) a snore
 * 3) a rattle in the throat

title: rhwnc


text:
ymwnc

Etymology
From cy.

Noun

 * 1) nearness, immediacy

Adjective

 * 1) immediate, imminent

title: ymwnc


text:
difféthentiâtion

Noun

 * 1)  differentiation

title: difféthentiâtion


text:
difféthencyi

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to differentiate

title: difféthencyi


text:
didgi

Verb

 * 1)  to plant out

title: didgi


text:
wnco

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1) that one at a distance

Usage notes
Wnco is used for men and objects which are grammatically masculine in Welsh. The feminine form is.

Adverb

 * 1) there, yonder

title: wnco


text:
διυλιστήριο

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) refinery

title: διυλιστήριο


text:
wng

Etymology
From, alternative form of , from , from (whence 🇨🇬).

Noun

 * 1)  closeness, nearness

Adjective

 * 1) close, near
 * 2) straight

Adverb

 * 1)  here

Preposition

 * 1)  near, nigh

title: wng


text:
d'lédgi

Etymology 1
Borrowed from.

Verb

 * 1)  to delegate authorize someone to act as delegate

Etymology 2
Borrowed from, past participle of.

Noun

 * 1)  delegate representative

title: d'lédgi


text: yngon

title: yngon


text:
wncw

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) there, yonder

title: wncw


text:
divèrsificâtion

Etymology
From, from , past participle of , from +.

Noun

 * 1)  diversification

title: divèrsificâtion


text:
scatolata

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) boxful

title: scatolata


text:
divèrsifier

Etymology
From, from +.

Verb

 * 1)  to diversify

title: divèrsifier


text:
divèrsifiéthie

Noun

 * 1)  diversifying
 * 1)  diversifying

title: divèrsifiéthie


text: sierico

title: sierico


text: أسئلة

title: أسئلة


text:
dotchûment

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  document

title: dotchûment


text: dotchûments

title: dotchûments


text:
d'meuther

Etymology
From (compare 🇨🇬).

Verb

 * 1)  to live

title: d'meuther


text: llysoedd

title: llysoedd


text:
dotchûmenter

Verb

 * 1)  to document

title: dotchûmenter


text:
مسئله

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) an asking alms
 * 2) an asking anything
 * 3) a question, a problem
 * 4) a point under consideration, a thesis; a proposition

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) problem, question
 * 2) issue

title: مسئله


text:
dotchûmentâtion

Noun

 * 1)  documentation

title: dotchûmentâtion


text:
dotchûment'tie

Noun

 * 1)  documenting
 * 1)  documenting

title: dotchûment'tie


text:
еләк

Etymology
From.

Immediately cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Compare also 🇨🇬, a Turkic borrowing.

Noun

 * 1) berry

title: еләк


text:
d'pichi

Verb

 * 1)  to break

title: d'pichi


text:
قلیا

Noun

 * 1)  alkali

title: قلیا


text:
drîlyi

Verb

 * 1)  to drill

title: drîlyi


text:
drisser

Verb

 * 1)  to slip

title: drisser


text:
drotchi

Verb

 * 1)  to stumble and fall

title: drotchi


text:
d'samather

Verb

 * 1)  to undock

title: d'samather


text: Category:Norman terms prefixed with des-


text: d'cendre

title: d'cendre


text:
d'senchorchéler

Verb

 * 1)  to exorcise

title: d'senchorchéler


text:
vírusur

Etymology
The bear sense is the native sense. The use of the word for pears comes from the speakers hearing the English words bear and pear the same due to their own language lacking a voice contrast.

Noun

 * 1) bear, black bear
 * 2) pear
 * 1) pear

title: vírusur


text: Category:Karok nouns

title: Category:Karok nouns


text: Category:Karok language

title: Category:Karok language


text:
d'viser

Etymology
Compare 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to speak, talk

title: d'viser


text:
duther

Etymology
From, from , from.

Verb

 * 1)  to last (for)

title: duther


text:
clob'thie

Noun

 * 1)  clubbing
 * 1)  clubbing

title: clob'thie


text:
d'scendant

Etymology
From, present participle of , from +.

Noun

 * 1)  descendant

title: d'scendant


text:
auslesen

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to cull
 * 2) to read, to readout
 * 3) to select
 * 4) to sort out
 * 5)  to finish reading

title: auslesen


text:
einlesen

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to acquaint oneself with a work or field by reading
 * 2)  to scan; to read in or digitalise with an electronic device

title: einlesen


text: liest ein

title: liest ein


text: liest aus

title: liest aus


text: las ein

title: las ein


text: las aus

title: las aus


text: eingelesen

title: eingelesen


text: ausgelesen

title: ausgelesen


text:
vouaile

Etymology
From (compare 🇨🇬), from.

Noun

 * 1)  veil

title: vouaile


text: vouailes

title: vouailes


text:
vouaile d'eune mathiée

Noun

 * 1)  bridal veil

title: vouaile d'eune mathiée


text: mathiées

title: mathiées


text:
Beothuk

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  A member of one of the historical aboriginal peoples of Canada.

Translations

 * Russian: беоту́ки

Proper noun

 * 1)  The extinct language of these people.

Translations

 * Beothuk: Beothukan
 * French:
 * Russian: беоту́к, беоту́кский

title: Beothuk


text:
siliciuro

Noun

 * 1)  silicide

title: siliciuro


text:
silvite

Noun

 * 1)  sylvite

title: silvite


text: munaskuissa

title: munaskuissa


text: munaskuita

title: munaskuita


text:
surrenalico

Adjective

 * 1) adrenal

title: surrenalico


text:
tetranitruro

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  tetranitride

title: tetranitruro


text:
tetrazolfo

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  tetrasulfur

title: tetrazolfo


text:
èrenr'gistrabl'ye

Adjective

 * 1)  rerecordable

title: èrenr'gistrabl'ye


text: èrenr'gistrabl'yes

title: èrenr'gistrabl'yes


text:
tioalcole

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  thioalcohol

title: tioalcole


text:
tiocianina

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  thiacyanine

title: tiocianina


text: Category:English terms derived from Karok


text:
tiocianogeno

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  thiocyanogen

title: tiocianogeno


text:
tiolato

Noun

 * 1)  thiolate

Noun

 * 1)  thiolate

Noun

 * 1) thiolate

title: tiolato


text:
triclorosilano

Noun

 * 1)  trichlorosilane

Noun

 * 1) trichlorosilane

title: triclorosilano


text: Category:Faroese terms derived from Sanskrit


text: Category:Faroese terms derived from Indo-Aryan languages


text:
trisodico

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) trisodium

title: trisodico


text:
piparfrukt

Noun

 * 1) bell pepper, sweet pepper

title: piparfrukt


text:
ultrapuro

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) ultrapure

title: ultrapuro


text: teurcélet

title: teurcélet


text:
sitrón

Etymology
From, from , from , related to 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) lemon

title: sitrón


text:
êventail êlectrique

Noun

 * 1)  electric fan

title: êventail êlectrique


text: Abfällen

title: Abfällen


text: râseurs êlectriques

title: râseurs êlectriques


text:
Aluminiumfamilie

Noun

 * 1) aluminium family

title: Aluminiumfamilie


text: munaskuiden

title: munaskuiden


text:
aluminium family

Noun

 * 1)  The metallic elements of the boron group, namely aluminium, gallium, indium and thallium

Translations

 * German: Aluminiumfamilie

title: aluminium family


text:
aneinander

Adverb

 * 1) together
 * 2) against each other

title: aneinander


text:
Apex

Noun

 * 1) apex

title: Apex


text:
píning

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) torture
 * 2) torment, suffering

title: píning


text:
arbeitsaufwändig

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) labour-intensive
 * 2) laborious

title: arbeitsaufwändig


text:
filot

Noun

 * 1)  drop of drink

Noun

 * 1) fireworks

title: filot


text: fliotchets

title: fliotchets


text:
Benetzbarkeit

Noun

 * 1) wettability

title: Benetzbarkeit


text:
benetzbar

Adjective

 * 1) wettable

title: benetzbar


text:
chelatisierend

Adjective

 * 1) chelating

title: chelatisierend


text:
Chelatligand

Noun

 * 1)  chelate ligand

title: Chelatligand


text: fouôngnabl'ye

title: fouôngnabl'ye


text:
fouângnabl'ye

Adjective

 * 1)  ovenable

title: fouângnabl'ye


text: fouângnabl'yes

title: fouângnabl'yes


text: fouôngnabl'yes

title: fouôngnabl'yes


text:
fouângner

Verb

 * 1)  to bake

title: fouângner


text:
צוגעקלעפּט

Adjective

 * 1) glued; stuck; cemented

title: צוגעקלעפּט


text:
Talk:far-sighted

far-sighted, short-sighted
Hello!

The entry for short-sighted gives the details, where the alternative spelling shortsighted can be seen. Far-sighted, on the other hand, is entered as the alternative of farsighted. I propose that both entries should be similar such that far-sighted contains the details, and the alternative from farsighted is added. --Sae1962 (talk) 11:13, 21 March 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:far-sighted


text:
frites fouângnabl'yes

Noun

 * 1)  oven chips

title: frites fouângnabl'yes


text: denjenigen

title: denjenigen


text: ermittelter

title: ermittelter


text: ermittelte

title: ermittelte


text: ermitteltes

title: ermitteltes


text: ermittelten

title: ermittelten


text: ermitteltem

title: ermitteltem


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/tsa ~ za

Etymology

 * Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *tsa (Chou, 1972); *tsjəɣ ~ dzjəɣ (Coblin, 1986), *tsə (Schuessler, 2007)
 * Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *tsa-n ~ za-n ("child"), *m-dza-k ("to love") (Matisoff, STEDT); *za (Benedict, 1972; Weidert, 1987); *tsa ⪤ *za (LaPolla, 1987)

Noun

 * 1) child, son, offspring; grandson; relatives; nephew/niece

Verb

 * 1) to come forth (as child at birth) - perhaps the original meaning
 * 2) (prenasalised) to love, to be loving

Descendants

 * Old Chinese:
 * (子 in bronzeware inscriptions: 子-bronze.svg - "child}}
 * (字 in bronzeware inscriptions: 字-bronze.svg - "child under roof > to bear, to give birth}}
 * Middle Chinese:, , , , , ,
 * (子 in bronzeware inscriptions: 子-bronze.svg - "child}}
 * (字 in bronzeware inscriptions: 字-bronze.svg - "child under roof > to bear, to give birth}}
 * Middle Chinese:, , , , , ,
 * (子 in bronzeware inscriptions: 子-bronze.svg - "child}}
 * (字 in bronzeware inscriptions: 字-bronze.svg - "child under roof > to bear, to give birth}}
 * Middle Chinese:, , , , , ,
 * Middle Chinese:, , , , , ,

 * Modern Mandarin
 * Beijing: (zǐ,, "child; diminutive"), ,  (zǎi, , "young animal"),  (zì, , "character"),  (cí, , "kind"), ,  (zī, , "to breed")
 * Kamarupan
 * Kuki-Chin
 * Central Chin
 * Khomic
 * Himalayish
 * Tibeto-Kanauri
 * Bodic
 * Tibetan
 * Written, ,
 * Newar
 * Mahakiranti
 * Kiranti
 * Eastern Kiranti = Rai
 * ( in compounds, e.g., )
 * Lolo-Burmese-Naxi
 * Lolo-Burmese
 * Burmish
 * Written ,
 * Loloish
 * (Hansson, 1989)
 * Northern Loloish
 * Yi (Liangshan):
 * Central Loloish
 * Lisu (Northern):
 * Yi (Liangshan):
 * Central Loloish
 * Lisu (Northern):


text:
Ethylendiamintetraessigsäure

Noun

 * 1)  ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

title: Ethylendiamintetraessigsäure


text:
fluoresziert

Participle

 * 1)  - fluoresced

title: fluoresziert


text:
באַקן

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from , from.

Verb

 * 1) to bake

title: באַקן


text: Französischs

title: Französischs


text: Französischen

title: Französischen


text:
guênipe

Etymology
From (compare 🇨🇬).

Noun

 * 1)  woman of ill repute, slut

title: guênipe


text: guênipes

title: guênipes


text: Teige

title: Teige


text: Teigs

title: Teigs


text: Teiges

title: Teiges


text:
hale-et-laîsse-tchaie

Adjective

 * 1)  drag and drop

title: hale-et-laîsse-tchaie


text:
Fremdstoff

Noun

 * 1) contaminant

title: Fremdstoff


text:
hague

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  open meadow

title: hague


text: hagues

title: hagues


text: laîsse

title: laîsse


text:
うの

Pronoun

 * 1)   you

title: うの


text:
емеш

Etymology
From Common Turkic, from.

Cognate with 🇨🇬; 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Compare also 🇨🇬, a Turkic borrowing.

Noun

 * 1) fruit
 * 2)  result, product, fruit

title: емеш


text: おおくま

title: おおくま


text:
haler ès noeuds

Verb

 * 1)  to draw lots

title: haler ès noeuds


text: おおしろ

title: おおしろ


text:
Talk:jahkata

True meaning of the word

As a Finnish speaking person I think this article is defining the word "jankata" or "jankuttaa". Jahkata has nothing to do with opposing or complaining. -188.67.88.168 12:26, 21 March 2013 (UTC)
 * According to Nykysuomen sanakirja (NSK) you are wrong. There are two senses for jahkata:
 * päivitellä
 * inttää, kiistää.
 * Please note that jahkata and jahkailla have one common sense (päivitellä) but jahkailla also means aikoa, aikailla. --Hekaheka (talk) 18:01, 16 August 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:jahkata


text: おおすぎ

title: おおすぎ


text: おほつ

title: おほつ


text:
がみ

Noun

 * 1)  elegant, refined tastes; high class, graceful

title: がみ


text:
contremine

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) countermine

title: contremine


text:
teig

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) a A distinct portion or plot of land, mostly used for parts of farms.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) A distinct portion or plot of land, mostly used for parts of farms.

Etymology
From, whence also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬. Ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1) dough, pastry

Descendants

 * Frankfurterisch: [d̥aːʃ]
 * Frankfurterisch: [d̥aːʃ]
 * Frankfurterisch: [d̥aːʃ]
 * Frankfurterisch: [d̥aːʃ]
 * Frankfurterisch: [d̥aːʃ]
 * Frankfurterisch: [d̥aːʃ]

title: teig


text: 聖なる

title: 聖なる


text: paqu'sie

title: paqu'sie


text:
曙光

Noun

 * 1) daybreak, the first light of dawn; the first streak of daylight
 * 2)  rays of hope; dawn; prospects

Noun

 * 1) daybreak, the first light of dawn
 * 2)  rays of hope, prospects

title: 曙光


text:
r'pather

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to repair

title: r'pather


text: Category:Japanese terms spelled with 曙

title: Category:Japanese terms spelled with 曙


text: Category:Latvian renderings of French male given names


text:
Langzeitarbeitslosigkeit

Noun

 * 1) long-term unemployment

title: Langzeitarbeitslosigkeit


text:
Massenarbeitslosigkeit

Noun

 * 1) mass unemployment

title: Massenarbeitslosigkeit


text:
Rekordarbeitslosigkeit

Noun

 * 1) record unemployment

title: Rekordarbeitslosigkeit


text:
keep the baby

Verb

 * 1) To choose not to have an abortion.

title: keep the baby


text:
Teilarbeitslosigkeit

Noun

 * 1) partial unemployment

title: Teilarbeitslosigkeit


text:
forskningsproposition

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) a government bill on research

title: forskningsproposition


text: Rekorden

title: Rekorden


text: redzoša

title: redzoša


text: neredzoša

title: neredzoša


text: ejoša

title: ejoša


text: neejoša

title: neejoša


text: nākoša

title: nākoša


text: nenākoša

title: nenākoša


text: dodoša

title: dodoša


text: nedodoša

title: nedodoša


text: sāloša

title: sāloša


text: nesāloša

title: nesāloša


text:
redzošā

Participle

title: redzošā


text:
neredzošā

Participle

title: neredzošā


text:
ejošā

Participle

title: ejošā


text:
neejošā

Participle

title: neejošā


text:
nākošā

Participle

title: nākošā


text:
nenākošā

Participle

title: nenākošā


text:
馬橇

Noun

 * 1) horse-drawn sleigh

title: 馬橇


text: Category:Japanese terms spelled with 橇

title: Category:Japanese terms spelled with 橇


text:
戦慄

Noun

 * 1) a shudder

Verb

 * 1) to shudder

title: 戦慄


text: Category:Japanese terms spelled with 慄

title: Category:Japanese terms spelled with 慄


text:
dodošā

Participle

title: dodošā


text:
nedodošā

Participle

title: nedodošā


text:
sālošā

Participle

title: sālošā


text:
nesālošā

Participle

title: nesālošā


text:
Carlee

Etymology
A spelling variant of.

title: Carlee


text:
Carli

Etymology
A spelling variant of.

Proper noun

 * , Italian writer and historian
 * , Italian writer and historian

title: Carli


text:
Karly

Etymology
A spelling variant of.

title: Karly


text:
Karlie

Etymology
A spelling variant of.

title: Karlie


text:
阿訇

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  imam; mullah; akhund

Usage notes
Used mostly by the Hui people in China or Dungan people in Central Asia.

title: 阿訇


text:
Karli

Etymology
A spelling variant of.

title: Karli


text:
Karley

Etymology
Modern spelling variant of.

title: Karley


text:
Karlee

Etymology
A spelling variant of.

title: Karlee


text:
Carleigh

Etymology
A rare spelling variant of.

title: Carleigh


text:
Karleigh

Etymology
A rare spelling variant of.

title: Karleigh


text:
chat-tigre

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) wildcat; (often specifically) margay, oncilla

title: chat-tigre


text:
Holley

Etymology

 * As an English surname, spelling variant of.
 * Also as an English surname, from  or , perhaps a nickname for someone with a missing eye.
 * Also as an English surname, singular variant of.

title: Holley


text:
Hollee

Etymology
A rare spelling variant of.

title: Hollee


text:
Holli

Etymology
A rare spelling variant of.

title: Holli


text:
Hollye

Etymology
A rare spelling variant of.

title: Hollye


text:
tugan

Etymology
From, whence also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬. Ultimately from.

Verb

 * 1) to be suitable, to be good for

title: tugan


text:
Sukey

Etymology
A spelling variant of.

title: Sukey


text:
Sukie

Etymology
A spelling variant of.

title: Sukie


text:
pedelec

Etymology
From, a shortening of pedal electric.

Noun

 * 1)  A bicycle with an electric motor which assists the rider but only while they are pedalling.

Translations

 * Dutch: elektrische fiets
 * Finnish: sähköavusteinen polkupyörä
 * French:
 * German:
 * Japanese:
 * Polish:

title: pedelec


text:
praonklino

Noun

 * 1) great-aunt

title: praonklino


text: praonklinoj

title: praonklinoj


text:
陶冶

Verb

 * 1)  to make pottery and smelt metal
 * 2)  to cultivate; to train; to mould someone's character

Etymology
→ →

From.

Noun

 * 1) crafting of pottery and smelting of metal
 * 2)  cultivation, training

Verb

 * 1) to train, build (character, etc.)

title: 陶冶


text: praonklinon

title: praonklinon


text: praonklinojn

title: praonklinojn


text:
pinkill

Noun

 * 1) bundle, package, parcel

title: pinkill


text:
geonklo

Noun

 * 1)  aunt or uncle (singular of geonkloj)

title: geonklo


text:
geonkloj

Noun

 * 1) aunts and uncles

title: geonkloj


text: geonklon

title: geonklon


text: geonklojn

title: geonklojn


text:
Pedelec

Etymology
,.

Noun

 * 1) pedelec (motorized bicycle)

title: Pedelec


text:
tajs

Etymology
Borrowed from, made into a first-declension masculine noun.

Noun

 * 1)  (male) Thai; a man, a person belonging to the Thai people of Thailand
 * 2)  Thai; pertaining to Thailand, to the Thai people, or their language
 * 1)  Thai; pertaining to Thailand, to the Thai people, or their language

Usage notes
Usually (rare, usually found in its genitive plural form, used as an adjective), ,  and  refer to the Thai people as an ethnic group, while , ,  refer to citizens of Thailand, including those who are not ethnically Thai.

title: tajs


text:
praonklo

Noun

 * 1) great-uncle

title: praonklo


text: praonkloj

title: praonkloj


text: praonklon

title: praonklon


text: praonklojn

title: praonklojn


text:
Galinstan

Etymology
Trade name, from, , and.

Noun

 * 1) An alloy of gallium, indium and tin which is liquid at room temperature.

title: Galinstan


text:
Gallan

Noun

 * 1)  gallane (gallium hydride)

title: Gallan


text:
prageonklo

Noun

 * 1) great-aunt or great-uncle

title: prageonklo


text: prageonkloj

title: prageonkloj


text: prageonklon

title: prageonklon


text:
Gallat

Noun

 * 1)  gallate

title: Gallat


text: prageonklojn

title: prageonklojn


text:
tajā

Pronoun

 * 1) in that;
 * 2) in that;

title: tajā


text:
Gallit

Noun

 * 1)  gallite

title: Gallit


text:
Galliumantimonid

Noun

 * 1)  gallium antimonide

title: Galliumantimonid


text:
Antimonid

Noun

 * 1)  antimonide

title: Antimonid


text:
Galliumarsenid

Noun

 * 1)  gallium arsenide

title: Galliumarsenid


text:
tajam

Etymology
From, from , from.
 * for sharp sense except sense 1
 * The sense in firearm is a.

Adjective

 * 1) terminating in a point or edge, especially one that can cut easily.
 * 2) intelligent
 * 3) offensive, critical, or acrimonious
 * 4) acute: forming a small angle, angle of less than ninety degrees.
 * 5) in focus, clearly visible, not blurry
 * 6)  live: capable of causing harm
 * 1) offensive, critical, or acrimonious
 * 2) acute: forming a small angle, angle of less than ninety degrees.
 * 3) in focus, clearly visible, not blurry
 * 4)  live: capable of causing harm
 * 1) acute: forming a small angle, angle of less than ninety degrees.
 * 2) in focus, clearly visible, not blurry
 * 3)  live: capable of causing harm
 * 1) in focus, clearly visible, not blurry
 * 2)  live: capable of causing harm
 * 1)  live: capable of causing harm
 * 1)  live: capable of causing harm

Ideophone

 * 1) zooming

title: tajam


text:
Arsenid

Noun

 * 1)  arsenide

title: Arsenid


text: tajus

title: tajus


text:
Galliumhydroxid

Noun

 * 1)  gallium hydroxide

title: Galliumhydroxid


text:
tajos

Pronoun

 * 1) in those;

title: tajos


text:
edzigi

Verb

 * 1)  to marry (cause a couple to become married; officiate at a wedding).
 * 2)  to marry off (see to the marriage of another).

Usage notes

 * This is said of an officiant or someone else who causes a marriage, but not the spouses. The verb used for the spouses is edziĝi (to become married).
 * Where one causes the marriage of a woman specifically, edzinigi can be used.

title: edzigi


text:
Galliumnitrid

Noun

 * 1)  gallium nitride

title: Galliumnitrid


text: edzigas

title: edzigas


text: tajiem

title: tajiem


text: edzigis

title: edzigis


text:
Galliumphosphid

Noun

 * 1)  gallium phosphide

title: Galliumphosphid


text: edzigos

title: edzigos


text: edzigus

title: edzigus


text: edzigu

title: edzigu


text:
soamente

Etymology
From, from. Synchronically derivable from.

Adverb

 * 1) uniquely
 * 2) only, solely

title: soamente