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User talk:Kolmiel

Hochdeutsch
Hi! Thanks for your work on our German entries. I noticed [//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Hochdeutsch&diff=25559592&oldid=25440754 this diff] changing /ɔɪ̯/ to /ɔʏ̯/. I have no strong preference which one is used, but many of our entries use /ɔɪ̯/, and I have seen entries that used /ɔʏ̯/ changed to /ɔɪ̯/, so it seems like a good idea to decide on one symbol and use it consistently. I have started a discussion of the matter on Wiktionary talk:About German; please join in. :) - -sche (discuss) 19:26, 13 February 2014 (UTC)

mit Kind und Kegel
(cc: User:CodeCat) Can you take a look at this entry? I think something should be done to it, but I am not sure what. Keφr 10:31, 15 February 2014 (UTC)
 * I gave it a try, although I'm not familiar with editing more-than-one-word entries :) Kolmiel (talk) 16:08, 15 February 2014 (UTC)

Dutch "doch"
Based on my personal experience, I would say that Dutch "doch" is indeed obsolete. One may come across it in literary and / or old-fashioned language. You might wish to have a look at http://www.vandale.nl/opzoeken?pattern=doch&lang=nn, at http://synoniemen.net/index.php?zoekterm=doch, and at http://www.etymologiebank.nl/trefwoord/doch.Redav (talk) 15:49, 29 June 2014 (UTC)

Your personal introduction
Your personal introduction is interesting to me, because it reminds me of the eleven years when I lived in Dutch Limburg as a child. (I was born in North-Brabant from dito parents.) Your description of your idiolect reminds me of several traits of the Limburgian langugae / dialect I was immersed in, among them voiced final consonants, word-final-/t/ dropping, as well as the am-progressive, which is similar to the Dutch aan het-progressive. I remember a small discussion with my late Dutch aunt and her husband, my late German uncle, some 35 years ago when I was learning German at school. They lived in the Ruhrgebiet. I noticed my aunt using (either) /ʃ/ (or /ɕ/) instead of /ç/, which was different from what I was taught. My uncle confirmed there was this difference between the / a standard and a more colloquial usage.Redav (talk) 16:22, 29 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Yeah you're absolutely right about that. The Cologne/Bonn/Aachen-dialect, called Ripuarian, is very close to Limburgish. When you look at the original form of this dialect (not the kind of language mix that people tend to speak today), then there are also very many grammatical similarities, for example a large amount of irregular present forms in verbs and so on.
 * Regarding the fronted pronunciation of /ç/ you're also right. However, I would wonder where exactly your aunt came from because this is more typical of regions to the south of the Ruhrgebiet proper, roughly going from Düsseldorf southward to Luxembourg. (Cf. the Luxembourgish here on wiktionary.)Kolmiel (talk) 14:05, 30 June 2014 (UTC)

Hi! Regarding your recent edit, German is already listed on the page, as a descendant of Middle Low German. Since the expected Old High German form would be, , , might it be better to move Central Middle High German and German  up instead? Leasnam (talk) 03:25, 5 March 2015 (UTC)
 * The expected Old High German would be *lipfa (alternative spelling *lipha). But the shift -pp- → -pf- is specifically Upper German. It is actually the feature by which Central and Upper German are distinguished. It is just that written Old High German is usually Upper German, which should not mislead us to think that Central German forms didn't exist at the time. The form Lippe is most probably a native Central German form derived from an unattested form of northern Old High German (non-existant in southern High German). — The Central German form could of course be an early borrowing from Old Saxon. But there's no particular reason to think that, as far as I know. That's why I said " probably existed in northern Old High German".
 * The modern German word derives from Central German as much as Low German. Or more precisely: it has prevailed in modern German due to its being common in both of these dialect groups (the less widespread a word, the less likely it prevails, of course). Therefore I think it's fine to have German Lippe as the continuation of both High German and Low German. But if such thing is frowned upon in our presentations, then put it under Low German and add (also Central German) behind it. Or something like that :-) Kolmiel (talk) 11:53, 5 March 2015 (UTC)
 * The latter thing I said refers to the modern German Lippe. If necessary, put that under Low German. Don't put the Middle High German under Low German, because -- as I said -- it's not likely that it actually derives from Low German (though possible). The form lippe is actually attested in Central German before it is attested in Low German (!). So it's probably old, not borrowed.Kolmiel (talk) 16:20, 5 March 2015 (UTC)
 * I managed to salvage both, and added a comment suggesting the modern word derives from the merger of both :) Leasnam (talk) 05:30, 6 March 2015 (UTC)

German Noun "Schleim"
I gave the entry for the term Schleim a template update. What ever you do with the request for the Middle High German term is up to you. --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 18:11, 8 April 2015 (UTC)

so'n
'n doesn't have a genitive (at least in general *'nes doesn't exist, e.g. "Das Auto 'nes Mannes" sounds to harsh), but so'nes does exists. From google books search (in German, 21th century): -91.63.230.4 05:03, 31 May 2015 (UTC)
 * 1) 's war eher der der Niedergang so 'nes urwüchsigen Inselweibes,
 * 2) Und so'nes rechten, ehrlichen Zornes war er garnicht mächtig
 * Well. That's more or less what I wrote. I haven't heard it, or don't remember hearing it, but yeah, I consider it possible that someone might use it... However, your attestations might be that kind of fake-vernacular that you sometimes read in bad writers. They want to make some character sound colloquial, so they give him a lot of apostrophes and all of that, but they don't realize that getting rid of the genitives would be more important. Same thing applies to dubbing. ((Don't know if you happen to know that series "The Big Bang Theory". There's this girl who's supposed to be the ignorant blond farmer's girl. But her German version uses those over-correct genitives all the time.)) Kolmiel (talk) 01:36, 1 June 2015 (UTC)
 * "so'nes", "so'(n)em", "so'ner", "so'ne" certainly exist. "so'nes" may be short for "so eins" (such a one"), equivalent to "so'n" and fem. "so'ne", frequently in "so'ne sch*sse" (such bullshit), and so nothing would stand against using it for the genetive as well, except, you are of course correct, that the genetive is relatively rare and dative circumscription more likely, "von so'm". The apostrophe may be prescribed, though actually some forms might continue old inflection of *so ~ *to. 109.41.3.133 03:51, 29 July 2020 (UTC)

Remember the human.
I'd greatly appreciate if you would not phrase your edit annotations as personal accusations. The edits on schon were based on this map from a project associated with the Universities of Augsburg, Salzburg and Lüttich. It was not based on random assumptions, like all of my edits. The note was supposed to say 'rarer' and I overlooked a typo. Sue me. Korn [kʰʊ̃ːæ̯̃n] (talk) 10:36, 17 June 2015 (UTC)

 * I'm sorry for this particular annotation, which seems to have been mistaken... although the map shows that the short variant is indeed the commoner one in many parts of Central Germany (and at least from my personal experience this would also include the Rhineland). But apart form that: It's my honest impression that you edit a lot of nonsense. Call that an accusation or not. Kolmiel (talk) 22:29, 22 June 2015 (UTC)
 * Es steht Dir frei, ich bitte sogar darum, Inhalte zu ändern, die Dir zweifelhaft erscheinen, meine eingeschlossen. Strenge gegenseitige Kontrolle ist die Methode, mit der Wiki-Projekte sich reinigen und mit der wir gegenseitig unsere Ausrutscher, Denk- und Lesefehler beheben. Für ein angenehmes Arbeitsklima ist aber ein Mindestmaß an professioneller Zurückhaltung erforderlich. Wenn jeder jedem den ganzen Tag schriebe, was er von ihm hielte, würde dieses Projekt in wachsendem Maße aus Vorwürfen und Beleidigungen bestehen. Unnötig zu erwähnen, dass die Verbreitung persönlicher Animositäten die notwendige Bereitschaft konstruktiver Zusammenarbeit nicht gerade erhöht. Zur Verbesserung des Projektes braucht es nur fachliche Kritik. Ich würde darum bitten, dass Du Dich zusammenreißt, ein Mindestmaß an Höflichkeit an den Tag legst und Deine restlichen Gefühlsäußerungen auf Dein privates Umfeld beschränkst, womit ich diesen Gefühlen nicht die Berechtigung apsrechen will. Vielleicht bin ich ja ein Idiot, aber der konstruktive Weg ist, mir das durch Quellen und Argumentation zu zeigen, nicht, es mir an den Kopf zu werfen. Korn [kʰʊ̃ːæ̯̃n] (talk) 09:51, 24 June 2015 (UTC)
 * Ich finde nicht, dass ich irgendwelche Gefühlsaufwallungen an den Tag gelegt hätte. (Aber ich bin kein Hanseat, vielleicht liegt es daran.) Wenn ich ausgerechnet von dir etwas über "konstruktive Zusammenarbeit" höre, ruft das ehrlich gesagt Kopfschütteln hervor. Aber bitte! Geh einfach weiter deiner Arbeit nach. Gelegentlich wird es dazu kommen, dass wir uns gegenseitig editieren. Aber ich bin keineswegs gewillt, mich mit irgendwelchen Edit-Wars abzugeben. Insofern brauchst du da nichts zu fürchten. Im Übrigen sei versichert, dass ich keine "persönliche Animositäten" gegen dich habe. Mir gefallen deine Edits nicht. Aber da ich (leider) nicht der Herr über Wiktionary bin, müssen sie das auch nicht. Kolmiel (talk) 11:48, 24 June 2015 (UTC)

Buche
Hello. I left you a few messages on my Talk page. If we can't work it out, I think it best to move everything to *bōkō, with *bōkijǭ derivatives as parenthetical. Leasnam (talk) 19:13, 28 July 2015 (UTC)

הײַנט
Could you give some examples of cognates in Bavarian dialects, so that we can link to them (and create entries if they do not exist)? --WikiTiki89 01:19, 16 September 2015 (UTC)
 * I just knew it from this book: Werner König (ed.): “DTV-Atlas Deutsche Sprache”, ed. 15, Munich, 2005. There's a map for “today” on page 182, which gives heint (meaning this form and cognates) for a large south-eastern territory comprising all of Austria, most of Bavaria, and some adjacent areas. The Deutsches Wörterbuch, lemmas →heint and →heinacht, also mentions Bavarian. I also checked Bavarian Wikipedia . It has 33 hits for heint, most or all of which do indeed mean “today”... So, it should be safe to create heint for Bavarian (= bar), if that's what you want to do. Kolmiel (talk) 01:45, 16 September 2015 (UTC)
 * So would you say is appropriate? I don't feel comfortable creating the actual entries myself, so maybe you could do that if you feel comfortable. --WikiTiki89 01:52, 16 September 2015 (UTC)
 * Heinacht is an early modern German form (which usually meant "tonight" not "today"). Bavarian seems to have only the contraction. I'll create the entries. Kolmiel (talk) 02:06, 16 September 2015 (UTC) 02:02, 16 September 2015 (UTC)

schlehe, schleh
Hi,

since you seem to know a fair amount about rare and dialectal words, could you provide a gloss of the German words that we find here: ?

Thanks! --Fsojic (talk) 00:13, 24 November 2015 (UTC)

 * Thank you for your confidence :) I didn't know these words, though... But the Deutsches Wörterbuch glosses them, , thus “dull, blunt”.
 * Sweet! What would be the difference between these two forms though? Are they both lemmas, or is schleh simply the predicative form while schlehe is the weak declension form? (I've forgotten almost everything I knew about German...) --Fsojic (talk) 09:13, 24 November 2015 (UTC)
 * They would both be bare forms, whose inflected forms are the same, because the final -e in the bare form is automatically dropped before the inflectional ending. The -e might be a rest of the OHG -o in slēo, inflected slēw-, which was usually dropped, but seems to have survived in some dialects. Generally, German has quite a few doublets of adjectives with and without -e in the bare form (cf., ; , ). Kolmiel (talk) 14:50, 24 November 2015 (UTC)
 * A last question: what is the reason for your not knowing it (this is not an accusation of course!)? Is it an obsolete word? --Fsojic (talk) 22:49, 24 November 2015 (UTC)
 * In the standard language it's definitely obsolete. It only occurs in dialects, so any German who doesn't know it from their own dialect, won't know it. -- Now actually, I've found in a dictionary that in the dialect of my own region the form schlieh ("blunt") does indeed exist. It rings a bell somewhere in the very far back of my mind, but it's not really a common word. This apart from the fact that people now often speak a mix of standard German and dialect rather than the actual dialect, so there are many less common dialectal words that I don't know anyway. Kolmiel (talk) 12:52, 25 November 2015 (UTC)

Central Franconian in Page of Swadesh Lists
You seem capable of updating the Central Franconian part of Appendix:Germanic Swadesh lists. (As a side note, I wish it includes Vilamovian words, preferably in the most recent 2004 orthography.) --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 20:11, 2 March 2016 (UTC)
 * I've updated it so as to include the most important dialect groups, which often means 3 or occasionally 4 variants. I hope that's okay. It used be just Kölsch, but some forms were also wrong. (Or not really wrong, but too strongly influenced by standard German; I've chosen a conservative, but never archaic, register.) -- I don't know what you mean with Vilamovian. I don't know anything about this lect. I don't think it's Central Franconian either. It seems to be East Central German. Kolmiel (talk) 20:47, 3 March 2016 (UTC)
 * Are the lemma forms kämpfe and saan (which I think is supposed to be san) really in a conservative register? I added schwär for you. --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 20:20, 27 May 2016 (UTC)
 * Well, there's no standardized orthography, just tendencies. I think you're right that "san" would be more appropriate than "saan". As to "kämpfe", yes, that's a verb that the dialects don't have (we're too pacifist, you know :)), so it's adopted from standard German. Kolmiel (talk) 00:59, 28 May 2016 (UTC)
 * I edited the Swadesh list by fixing the listing for san. I'm not sure about jaan/jan, though. --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 04:16, 28 May 2016 (UTC)
 * Yeah, you might make it "jan" as well if you prefer that. In this case it's a bit less obvious because "jan" looks the rather common name "Jan" (with a short [a]), and that's why people might prefer "jaan". Unfortunately we sometimes have to choose a bit arbitrarily: a good written corpus exists only for Colognian, also with much variation, but at least. For other dialects it's usually just a handful of writers, whose works aren't easily accessable either. Kolmiel (talk) 11:21, 30 May 2016 (UTC)

Interesting coincidence
Your userpage says "I distinguish /ɛː/ from /eː/, but their distribution is occasionally unlike in the standard. For example, I say [majoneːzə] (Majonäse) and [ɪtaljɛːnɪʃ] (italienisch)." I find this interesting, because I've noticed something very similar in my English with the "long a" and "short e" followed by /ɹ/. For example, I say [ˈveə̯ɹɪˌfaɪ] (verify) and [ˌnɛsəˈsɛɹɪli] (necessarily), while for most words I say [ˈmeə̯ɹi] (Mary) and [ˈmɛɹi] (merry). I wonder if this comes from being partially surrounded by people who don't make this distinction, forcing us to choose a phoneme at random (or based on some circumstantial criteria). Or maybe it comes from shifting stress onto an unstressed syllable, since I'm always tempted to pronounce consonantal as [ˈkɒnsəˈnɛntəl] because the -ant in consonant is indistinguishable from the -ent in instrument and I pronounce instrumental as expected as [ˈɪnstɹəˈmɛntəl]. Sorry for the ramble if you don't find this interesting. --WikiTiki89 15:21, 12 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Haha, no, please don't apologize. It's indeed similar and worth asking. And besides, there's relatively little I don't find interesting about one of the languages I'm familiar with. -- I think both of your explanations make a lot of sense. I'm just not sure how much of them applies to my case. Actually, I should probably have said "in a handful of words" rather than "occasionally". I generally use /eː/ instead of /ɛː/ in words ending in -äse (< French -aise), which I think is due to conflation with -ese (as in Chinese). Then I use (or used to use?) /eː/ in the somewhat strange phrase gang und gäbe, in which no normal German knows what "gäbe" is supposed to be anyway. Yeah, and maybe a handful of other words, I don't know right now... And for the opposite /eː/ -> /ɛː/ I'm only aware of italienisch and Italiener, which is dialectal, most everybody around here says it like that, for what ever reason. -- I chiefly mentioned these differences to show that the distinction as such is part of my most natural way of speaking and that I don't distinguish them only according to spelling, because some people claim that the distinction is per se a "spelling pronunciation". (This is also etymologically wrong, by the way. Standard German /ɛː/ corresponds to Ripuarian /œː/ or /ɛː/, while /eː/ corresponds to /iː/ or /ɛ/ (short) [except before /r/, /g/, and /x/, where they do merge]). Kolmiel (talk) 16:30, 12 April 2016 (UTC)

The Bible in Arabic
When you quote the Bible, as you did at الله, please give the version. The Qur'an is an exception in Arabic because Arabic is its original language so the version is assumed to be the original. --WikiTiki89 19:01, 19 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Yes, sure. It's the Smith-Van Dyke version, the modern Arabic standard Bible. I took it from this website: . I don't know if that technically meets our citation criteria. Essentially, I just thought a Bible quote would be good in that lemma, so I added one... Kolmiel (talk) 19:45, 19 April 2016 (UTC)
 * You're right that it's useful, but all quotations should be sourced. Also, quotations don't have to meet our attestation criteria if their purpose is to serve as examples; they simply wouldn't count in an RFV. --WikiTiki89 19:49, 19 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Yeah, I know they must be sourced. I just didn't know how to source that correctly, so I didn't... The only other Arabic Bible quote on wiktionary that I'm aware of isn't sourced either --> مار. How would we fix this? Kolmiel (talk) 20:04, 19 April 2016 (UTC)
 * I just created . Do you know what version the quote at مار is from? --WikiTiki89 20:54, 19 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Thanks! No, I don't know. It's not the same one, though. It uses رب instead. It was added by a user "Superherosaves", who apparently made only two contributions, both concerning Arabic and Christianity. (The other one is the proper-noun sense in جمجمة, which I find strange because the normal word for Golgatha is definitely جلجثة.) Kolmiel (talk) 21:33, 19 April 2016 (UTC)

Category:Yiddish entries needing etymology
Given your interest in West Germanic philology, I thought you might be a good person to give a look over some of the etymologies in here and Category:Yiddish entries with incomplete etymology and give them a try. No obligation, just a reminder if you're interested. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 07:49, 2 June 2016 (UTC)
 * No problem :) Glad I can help. I've done those which I knew in the smaller category. I may at some time get to the other one. Kolmiel (talk) 16:05, 2 June 2016 (UTC)
 * Thanks! I appreciate it, and I learned some new etymological details by reading your additions. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 17:42, 2 June 2016 (UTC)

 * Regarding the "common High German development -rs- → -rš-". Why does Standard German have things like instead of  (whereas Yiddish, and I presume many dialects, have /ʃ/ there)? --WikiTiki89 17:51, 2 June 2016 (UTC)
 * Or maybe I just misunderstood your use of "common", which I took to mean "shared by all varieties of High German", when maybe you meant "found in multiple varieties of High German". --WikiTiki89 17:55, 2 June 2016 (UTC)
 * Yes, I meant "common" in the latter sense. But actually, before the introduction of a standardized pronunciation, it was generally pronounced "erscht" in central and southern Germany. The standard pronuniation is based to a large degree on the northern German standard (which is High German with a Low German accent). But there are a couple of standard German words that show the development, like Arsch (English arse), and some others. Kolmiel (talk) 19:26, 2 June 2016 (UTC)
 * I have rephrased it using prepositions to make it unambiguous ("common to" vs. "common in"): . --WikiTiki89 19:33, 2 June 2016 (UTC)
 * Yes, that's good :) Kolmiel (talk) 20:46, 2 June 2016 (UTC)

 * I just wanted to say that I appreciate the work; it's great to have someone to do the philological side of things. Also, you say on your userpage not to interpret it as Hebrew, but now I wonder: is it כל or קול that is from God? —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 05:18, 19 July 2016 (UTC)
 * Well, words are always interpreted, you can't forbid that :) And while I am "entirely from God", originally at least, I don't consider myself a "voice from God"... Now, actually, it was just a random pun between "Call me Al" and "iel"-names. But then one day I looked up the Biblical Hebrew root k-l-m, which does exist, and while there's no actual word *kolem or *kolm-, the root allows for an interpretation "God is my shame" or "the shame of God"... That's why I said, just leave it :D But your interpretations are fine, I guess. Kolmiel (talk) 14:32, 19 July 2016 (UTC)
 * , basically meaning “to whom does G-d act this way?”: . --WikiTiki89 16:15, 19 July 2016 (UTC)
 * Oh yes :) Fine as well. (You did make up that "verse", right?) Kolmiel (talk) 16:50, 19 July 2016 (UTC)
 * It's a lost verse found in a 2000-year-old manuscript that I excavated from my backyard just this morning. --WikiTiki89 17:49, 19 July 2016 (UTC)
 * Great. Since it's fortold my coming, I assume you'll be a devout follower of my etymologies from now on. Kolmiel (talk) 17:53, 19 July 2016 (UTC)
 * Oh no, wait, it can't be me. I'm a first son. Oh well. Kolmiel (talk) 18:00, 19 July 2016 (UTC)
 * Also, past tense. --WikiTiki89 18:06, 19 July 2016 (UTC)
 * I figured it was part of a prophecy. May have been wishful thinking, or wishful exegesis rather. I didn't have the context, of course. Kolmiel (talk) 18:29, 19 July 2016 (UTC)

lounen and léinen
Hi Kolmiel, can you shed any light on the etymologies of these two? To me it seems like they came from the same source, but I was wondering where the divergence in vowels happened? Thanks for your help, BigDom 05:02, 14 July 2016 (UTC)
 * I wrote the etymologies. I think you were very justified to assume this, but in fact they are completely unrelated. (I personally knew from which OHG words they came, but I also thought they had a common source; turned out they haven't.) They may have influenced each other, however. The two must have seemed to be umlaut variants since the unrounding (ö, ü > e, i), which is not a very recent development. Kolmiel (talk) 14:56, 14 July 2016 (UTC)
 * That's fantastic and very interesting, thank you! Do you mind me asking where you get all the information for your etymologies from? Would be nice to be able to add some info without having to pester you all the time. Cheers, BigDom 21:27, 14 July 2016 (UTC)
 * I'm not aware of any etymological dictionary of Luxembourgish. Therefore much of it is original research. All of my sources are in German or Dutch. I don't know if you can read these. — Anyway: I've read two books about the phonetic developments of Luxembourgish, which are pretty complicated when it comes to vowels. Made a list of these developments, which I use. (I forgot the names of those books, but I could find them back probably. Could also post you the list.) Then I use the online "Luxemburger Wörterbuch" and the online "Rheinisches Wörterbuch" covering the dialects just to the east of Luxembourgish with a lot of detail (which is very helpful). And then for the greater context and the older stages I use the German and Dutch standard literature, which is Kluge's "Etymologisches Wörterbuch", the "Deutsches Wörterbuch" and Pfeifer's "Etymologisches Wörterbuch" (the latter two online at dwds.de) and the Dutch ones at etymologiebank.nl. Kolmiel (talk) 21:52, 14 July 2016 (UTC)
 * Thanks. I can read German OK and already use the Luxemburger Wörterbuch and dwds.de, I didn't know about the Dutch-language sources though so will check those out and will see if I can find a copy of Kluge online. If you don't mind sharing your work and letting me have a copy of your work that would be fantastic. I find these things so interesting. You can email me through Wiktionary. Cheers, BigDom 05:21, 15 July 2016 (UTC)
 * I'd also love to see such a list of phonological developments! — JohnC5 06:26, 15 July 2016 (UTC)
 * , Okay. I'll have to rewrite it a bit though, to make it understandable to people other than myself. Might take a while. (But if I've forgotten it, say a month from now, do remind me.) Kolmiel (talk) 17:13, 15 July 2016 (UTC)

, See if this helps at all: User:Kolmiel/Luxembourgish :-) Kolmiel (talk) 20:02, 6 August 2016 (UTC)
 * Wow, this is quite impressive! — JohnC5 21:23, 6 August 2016 (UTC)
 * That's fantastic, thanks! BigDom 21:26, 12 August 2016 (UTC)

Kar and Kär
Hi Kolmiel, sorry to trouble you again. Can you shed any light on these two? Kar seems to be what you would expect from OGH korn (cf. Dar < dorn, Har < horn), so where/when did the other version come into play? Cheers, BigDom 14:55, 18 July 2016 (UTC)
 * Yes, correct: OHG -orn becomes -ar in Luxembourgish. Kär is from another word: OHG kerno whence modern 🇨🇬. The two are related through Indo-European (ablaut). Kolmiel (talk) 15:34, 18 July 2016 (UTC)
 * I added the basic etymology to Kär, just in case anyone's busy. (I'm on vacation at Idaho; and I will be at for a few days.) --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 15:57, 18 July 2016 (UTC)
 * Haha, thanks. Have fun then! Kolmiel (talk) 16:21, 18 July 2016 (UTC)
 * Excellent, thanks both. BigDom 08:21, 19 July 2016 (UTC)

Frage bezüglich Langkonsonanten
Vermeiden Rheinländer lange Konsonanten in formalem Kontext, bzw. in Situationen, wo man üblicherweise Standarddeutsch spricht, oder ist das ein Merkmal, das, wie bei den Schweizern und Österreichern, als normales Merkmal des Deutschen empfunden wird? Korn [kʰũːɘ̃n] (talk) 08:47, 3 August 2016 (UTC)
 * Das Rheinische kennt überhaupt keine Geminaten. Ich erinnere mich, dass du das irgendwo schon mal so transkribiert und als "Ripuarian" oder "Rhineland" markiert hast. Stützt sich diese Annahme auf irgendeine Publikation? Andernfalls kann ich nur annehmen, dass du die Rheinische Schärfung als Gemination fehlinterpretierst. Diese führt (als "Nebenprodukt") auch zu minimalen Längungen, hauptsächlich von Vokalen allerdings. (Ich bin für die Phonetik der Schärfung kein Experte.) Sprecher, die ihr Hochdeutsch als Fremdsprache gelernt haben, können die Schärfung kaum überhaupt vermeiden. In der jüngeren Generation ist sie aber praktisch ausgestorben. Auch jüngere Platt-Sprecher verwenden die Schärfung nur noch eingeschränkt. Kolmiel (talk) 12:29, 3 August 2016 (UTC)
 * Ein Beispiel für Langkonsonanten: youtu.be/tdn-rguki3w?t=125, "zusammen". Ob man diese Längung jetzt als "minimal" empfindet, ist für meine Frage nicht wichtig. Lange Konsonanten im Rheingebiet werden ebenfalls angesprochen von den deutschen Wikipedia-Artikeln Ripuarische Dialekte, Kölsch (Sprache) und Gemination, allerdings jeweils ohne Belege und mir sind auch keine Arbeiten zu diesem Gebiet zugänglich; meine Frage kommt vorrangig aus der eigenen Wahrnehmung. Danke für die Auskunft. Ist das Wort zusammen im Beispiel geschärft? Korn [kʰũːɘ̃n] (talk) 13:27, 3 August 2016 (UTC)
 * Es wird die Schärfung gemeint sein. Nasale und Liquide können die Schärfung tragen und werden dabei möglicherweise gelängt. Ich persönlich höre eigentlich keine Längung; aber das mag daran liegen, dass meine Ohren auf den phonematischen Tonverlauf getrimmt sind und die nicht phonematische Längung weniger wahrnehmen. -- Die Schärfung hat in deinem Beispiel emphatische Wirkung und ist nicht notwendigerweise an das Wort gebunden. (Das heißt, die Dame spricht das Wort "zusammen" möglicherweise ohne Schärfung, wenn es nicht hervorgehoben werden soll.) Allerdings hat das ripuarische "zesamme" (oder älter: "zesame") in der Tat die Schärfung. Kolmiel (talk) 14:04, 3 August 2016 (UTC)
 * PS: Die Schärfung zur Emphase ist weiterhin sehr üblich und wird auch als "normales Merkmal des Deutschen" empfunden. Es ist die lexikalisierte Schärfung, die immer mehr zurückgeht. Kolmiel (talk) 14:09, 3 August 2016 (UTC)
 * Ah, dann ist das tatsächlich die Ursache für die Langkonsonanten, die ich bei Rheinländern öfter höre. (Ich habe einem finnischen Freund, der kein Deutsch spricht, das Beispiel vorgelegt und er sagt, dass die Frau "two M's" spricht.) Danke. Korn [kʰũːɘ̃n] (talk) 15:23, 3 August 2016 (UTC)

Sintelsk
Yes, thank you. It is a sort of confusing language. It's been spoken in my family for generations (I've been told it was since the early 70s). Most words seem to have etymologies that are obvious to me. But some I have no idea. For instance, one of the verbs I used, koropa, meaning "to dry" was used adjectivally. As in koropet (literally meaning "dried", past participle). This is the adjective that means "dry" (adjective, opposite of "wet"). koropeta is an inflection of the adjectival usage of "koropet" (definite and plural). This can technically happen to any verb.

If you're interested in the language, I recommend reading User:Philmonte101/Sintelsk/Inflection, to learn a little more.

But really, where did koropa and related terms come from? Seeing how it's constructed, it could have been completely made up, but I seriously doubt it. I know that the language is generally based on Scandinavian and English words, but sometimes they can also have come from Romance languages. I really wonder where koropa came from. Philmonte101 (talk) 15:09, 4 August 2016 (UTC)

 * Yes, I recognized "fuol" for "leaf" as Romance. I don't know what "koropa" could be based on. The grammar is very similar to Scandinavian, but I'd already noticed that. Anyway: Tak fo jelpen o tenu on dajli dio! :D Kolmiel (talk) 18:46, 4 August 2016 (UTC)

Blaukohl
A Swiss IP address (from Freiburg) added Blaukohl. I think it's some kind of synonym to Blaukraut. --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 04:16, 25 August 2016 (UTC)
 * Yes, it just means "red cabbage". It's a synonym to, , , , etc. BigDom 08:52, 25 August 2016 (UTC)
 * Yes. The cabbage is commonly considered "red" in the north and "blue" in the south. At the same time, the word for cabbage is "Kohl" in the north and "Kraut" in the south. Therefore the most frequent words are "Rotkohl" (north) and "Blaukraut" (south). The combinations "Blaukohl" and "Rotkraut" are rarer, but do exist. Kolmiel (talk) 12:35, 25 August 2016 (UTC)
 * For what it's worth, the Germanic languages originally didn't have words for "purple". Therefore the alternations. Otherwise we'd probably all say "purple cabbage". Kolmiel (talk) 12:41, 25 August 2016 (UTC)
 * That's interesting to know. I've always heard roytkroyt in Yiddish. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 21:51, 25 August 2016 (UTC)
 * I had a look at a dialect map ("dtv-Atlas: Deutsche Sprache"). The form "Rotkraut" is actually quite common as well, used in most of East Central German, and in westernmost as well as easternmost Upper German, thus forming a crescent around the area of "Blaukraut". So that's in line with your Yiddish experience. The north has "Rotkohl" as I said. (And "roter Kappes" in the west, but that's only a dialectal form.) The word you'll commonly read on packaging in Germany is "Rotkohl". "Blaukohl" seems to be very rare. Kolmiel (talk) 22:05, 25 August 2016 (UTC)
 * It would be good to create entries for all of these with the relevant notes on which dialects use them! —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 22:07, 25 August 2016 (UTC)

Politik bezüglich Entlehnungen
Du hast einen Eintrag for 'ander' im Mittelfränkischen erstellt und dort vermerkt, dass es sich um eine Entlehnung aus dem Standarddeutschen handelt. Ist es in diesem Fall wirklich sinnvoll, vom Mittelfränksichen zu sprechen, statt einfach zu sagen, dass mit Rückgang der Dialektverwendung/-sicherheit öfter einfach standarddeutsche Fremdworte gebraucht werden? Auf Platt (die Nordsorte) gibt es ähnliche Situationen und ich hätte gerne gewusst, was Dein Gedankengang zu dem Thema ist. Korn [kʰũːɘ̃n] (talk) 18:33, 29 August 2016 (UTC)
 * Du meinst, dass "ander" gar kein mittelfränkisches Wort ist? Das bestimmt. Denn im Kölschen und auch etwas nördlich und südlich davon am Rhein gibt es gar keine andere Form (mehr). Auch der Eintrag des "Rheinischen Wörterbuchs" (aus der Zwischenkriegszeit) vermerkt für diese Gebiete nur "ander". Das hat auch mit einer allgemeinen Entwicklung im Zentralripuarischen zu tun, wo nämlich die Velarisierung von nd zu ng weitgehend rückgängig gemacht wurde. Dies natürlich unter hochdeutschem Einfluss, aber eben als Entwicklung im Dialekt selber, mit so interessanten Ergebnissen wie Hand > Plural Häng. — Ansonsten stimme ich dir natürlich zu. Fast jedes Wort kann gelegentlich in hochdeutscher Form erscheinen, je nach Situation und Sprecher. Solche Fälle würde ich auch nicht aufführen. Kolmiel (talk) 18:50, 29 August 2016 (UTC)
 * Macht Sinn. Danke für die Info. Korn [kʰũːɘ̃n] (talk) 18:58, 29 August 2016 (UTC)
 * Okay. Noch als weitere Erklärung zu den nd-Formen: Es handelt sich wirklich nur um Ersetzungen der Lautgruppe ng durch nd, sodass aus altem "Ponk" jetzt "Pond" geworden ist (aber eben nicht "Pfund" oder "Fund"). Kolmiel (talk) 19:29, 29 August 2016 (UTC)

Central Franconian "Krock"
I have a question for you: is Krock a general Ripuarian form of Colognian Kruck? --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 05:27, 13 September 2016 (UTC)
 * Yes, Colognian has a development /o/ > /u/ before /k/, /g/, /ŋ/, which is not shared by any other dialect. It is also the only dialect that retains Old High German ei and ou as diphthongs. Technically, I'd have to say "general Ripuarian" or "Ripuarian except Colognian" in such cases, but I haven't done that so far. (The former would be ambiguous, the latter seems unpleasantly long.) Kolmiel (talk) 05:33, 13 September 2016 (UTC)

Jahresendflügelfigur
The entry (which you nominated for FWOTD) now has some quotes. Would you mind giving the translations a check please? I've had a go but they're still a bit leaden. Lingo Bingo Dingo (talk) 08:58, 19 September 2016 (UTC)
 * Thanks a lot. Looks fine to me. Kolmiel (talk) 14:39, 20 September 2016 (UTC)
 * In the first sentence, I put "creature" instead of "thingy" because the author seems to pun on themself not being "an angel" rather than a figurine. (So, this sentence does not use the word in its literal meaning but I think it works just fine.) Kolmiel (talk) 14:43, 20 September 2016 (UTC)
 * All right, can you edit the template at FWOTDN? And yes, I mulled and vacillated a bit on the translation there − the author makes quite metonymic use of the term there (and is no angel for that reason alone ;) ).
 * Speaking of angels, you wouldn't happen to know any cites for the meaning "angel" at, would you? Lingo Bingo Dingo (talk) 09:08, 21 September 2016 (UTC)
 * You seem to have added this sense. I've never heard it. It would have to be obsolete, but admittedly I doubt it could've existed at all. Do you have a source or cite? Can it have been a misunderstanding? Kolmiel (talk) 16:47, 27 September 2016 (UTC)

Question
Hi! I've encountered this in the lyrics of a Romanze of Schubert: "Was frommt des Maien holde Zier?", which is translated in English as "What good is May's sweet loveliness?". But what is this red word? We have, but the meanings provided don't really help. Actually the sense of OHG seems closer. --Fsojic (talk) 09:04, 27 October 2016 (UTC)

 * Yes, it's a verb frommen ("to benefit, to be useful"), used impersonally in modern German, but archaic, almost obsolete. It's from MHG vrumen, from OHG frummen, *frumen, related to the adjective you mentioned, which originally meant "righteous, upright". Kolmiel (talk) 00:16, 28 October 2016 (UTC)
 * Ok, thanks for the explanation! --Fsojic (talk) 20:22, 4 November 2016 (UTC)

Abbreviation of
Hello, just wondering if the word above can be abbreviated as ? Thanks – AWESOME meeos ！ ＊ （「欺负」我） 01:42, 3 December 2016 (UTC)
 * When you search for VK on German wikipedia, it's one of the things given. But it's not common at all. Generally it's spelt out "Vereinigtes Königreich". It's also common to write "Großbritannien", since these two are usually not properly distinguished. Colloquially, we say "England". A few people say UK, pronounced the English way. Kolmiel (talk) 17:14, 3 December 2016 (UTC)

Okay. Oh by the way, do you know about any grammatical mistakes any native speakers make themselves? thanks – AWESOME meeos ！ ＊ （「欺负」我） 18:55, 3 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Do you have anything particular in mind? Of course, there are quite a few; chiefly due to dialectal influence, either directly by using dialectal grammar, or indirectly by hypercorrection. Kolmiel (talk) 20:14, 3 December 2016 (UTC)

Faux German
Nothing urgent, just thought that you might get a chuckle out of this: https://i.imgur.com/9z3tLrB.jpg — (((Romanophile))) ♞ (contributions) 23:54, 17 January 2017 (UTC)

 * It's German & Dutch mixed up – AWESOME meeos ！ ＊ （「欺负」我）
 * Not really :) Apart from "nein" for "no", it's just based on the idea that German is English with strange phonetic changes: droppen ze haut kaffe oont ze is “drop the hot coffee on the”. It has nothing much to do with actual German (or Dutch). And I suppose knakkers means sausage (cf. knackwurst). But yeah, I chuckled ;) Kolmiel (talk) 02:20, 18 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Some posts of that nature at the DFO subreddit would be labeled "quality sh*tposts". --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 02:36, 18 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Hm. Hm. I really don't know what that means :D Kolmiel (talk) 03:18, 18 January 2017 (UTC)
 * That's why I included the link to the term "sh*tpost". (For an example from the aforementioned subreddit, here's what I mean.) --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 11:02, 18 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Oh... yeah, I don't get that either. So just leave it, I guess :D I'll take it for a nice and funny comment on your part if you don't take me to be stupid. Kolmiel (talk) 02:05, 20 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Another quality trash-post. --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 07:47, 25 January 2017 (UTC)
 * I think I may have got the idea about now. Initially I didn't know whether it referred to Romanophile's post or my answer. But well. This last quality shit post is actually quite funny, somehow. Kolmiel (talk) 07:56, 25 January 2017 (UTC)

Older German texts
Do you know any decent, searchable database with reasonably many older texts (before 1800) in German? Lingo Bingo Dingo (talk) 12:44, 17 March 2017 (UTC)

 * Deutsches Textarchiv: . It's searchable and decent. It contains a little more than 1500 books from AD 1600 to 1799. Kolmiel (talk) 12:55, 17 March 2017 (UTC)
 * Thanks, that has been useful already. Lingo Bingo Dingo (talk) 13:42, 17 March 2017 (UTC)

Moul
Hi Kolmiel, hope you're well. I've just created the entry for Luxembourgish Moul but not 100% sure on the etymology. I found an entry for Mule (same meaning) in the Rheinisches Wörterbuch, so I'm assuming with this in mind that they came from a common OHG root mōl? But as I don't know of any modern German word derived from this I haven't been able to verify it. Any ideas? Thanks, BigDom 13:33, 21 March 2017 (UTC)

 * Hi. I'm fine. I hope you are, too. An interesting question:
 * 1. From Lux. Moul we do indeed expect OHG *mōl-. This would also be confirmed by the -ū- in the Ripuarian forms mentioned in the RW. Keep in mind, however, the variant Mull mentioned both by the RW and the Luxemburger Wörterbuch.
 * 2. I don't know if you skipped that part, but the RW says: das aus frz. mule ‘Pantoffel’ entlehnte Wort ("the word, which is borrowed from French 'slipper'"). This should be correct. The sense "slipper" still exists in Ripuarian, and a development "slipper → mitten" is unproblematic. In fact, the German word for "glove" is, as you may be aware, . There's also the explanatory compound Mulenhännschen ("mule glove") reported from Trier. Moreover, no comparable word exists in Middle High German or modern German. So the French origin seems safe to me.
 * 3. The vocalism is problematic. Of course, it's an older loanword from a time when Luxembourgish people generally didn't know French. So we do expect the front rounded vowel to become something else, but not a back vowel, rather ~~.
 * 4. Here's my theory of what may have happened: Many French loanwords in the early modern era came to Germany via Dutch and the Lower Rhine. When you look at the categories "German terms derived from Dutch" and "...Middle Dutch", a great deal of them is originally French. And we do have Middle Dutch mule. Now, in Brabant this -u- would have been pronounced . As the word moved eastwards, it could have been turned into because there was a regular sound correspondence between Brabantian  and Limburgish/Ripuarian . This would explain Ripuarian Muul. If this form entered Luxembourgish after the diphthongization of MHG ī, iu, ū around the 16th century, it must become Lux. Moul and/or Mull. The only slight problem is that the RW also mentions forms with, but these can be due to hypercorrections based on sound correspondences between village dialects.
 * Should I write the etymology? Kolmiel (talk) 15:41, 21 March 2017 (UTC)
 * Excellent work! Very interesting; if you could write up some of that, that would be excellent thanks. BigDom 16:36, 21 March 2017 (UTC)
 * Thanks. It might have been excellent based on the information that I had in front of me... Maybe ;) In fact, I now see that it's probably not true. The Ripuarian Muul ("slipper") may indeed be borrowed via Dutch from French mule, but for the Luxembourgish word the much more likely source is 🇨🇬. At most, the two could have been merged to some degree. Kolmiel (talk) 18:18, 21 March 2017 (UTC)
 * Ah, I see. Why the change of heart? What new evidence did you find? BigDom 09:02, 22 March 2017 (UTC)
 * Well, I found that word, moufle, which already means "mitten" and already has a back vowel. Our word is also present in the "Wörterbuch der deutsch-lothringischen Mundarten" (online, sometimes worth checking!) as mól, moul, and they refer to both French words (moufle and mule). As I said, a development from "slipper" to "mitten" is not problematic. But the descendants of Fr. mule mean exclusively "slipper" in Dutch and Ripuarian, while the word existing along the French border always means "mitten". That would be a strange coincidence if it had nothing to do with "moufle".
 * I still think that my above etymology is correct for Ripuarian. And I also think that both forms may have been merged in Luxembourgish. So not a total change of heart ;) Kolmiel (talk) 11:49, 22 March 2017 (UTC)

Rhineman?
Your self-description as a Rhenish man intrigues me. --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 14:01, 25 March 2017 (UTC)
 * Yeah, well. I seem to enjoy making these lengthy, unnecessary self-descriptions, particularly of my idiolect. You shouldn't really read it, though. Kolmiel (talk) 14:08, 25 March 2017 (UTC)
 * Actually, I enjoyed reading the description of your idiolect. --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 15:17, 25 March 2017 (UTC)
 * By the way, do you happen to know any, by any chance, alongside An Halloween kommt der Grinch? (Specifically, "Trau dich", the dialogue before the Grinch chuckles once during the hallucination, and the lyrics of each song.) Also, I added a few High Franconian words. --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 05:21, 8 April 2017 (UTC)
 * Bönnsch, yes. That would even be pretty close to what I write my example sentences in. I don't think we need a tag "Bönnsch" or so. Bönnsch is rather a random dialect of central Ripuarian, of course one spoken in a city and therefore more likely to be used in a song or book. But it's not like Kölsch, which has a few individual features not shared by any other dialect and which, equally importantly, has had a huge influence on the rest of Ripuarian (and even beyond).
 * The cartoon, no. I wasn't a timid child, but I was very easily and deeply scared by stories and films. So that wouldn't have been something I'd have enjoyed :) But I watched a bit of it and it seems nice. Is there anything about it in particular?
 * High Franconian. What's the language code for that? I see that "High" is also what it's called on wikipedia. This is very incovenient, in my opinion. The German word is Oberfränkisch ("Upper Franconian") because it's that part of Franconian which is Oberdeutsch ("Upper German"). "High Franconian" should refer to all of Franconian that is not "Low Franconian", i.e. Central, Rhine and "Upper" Franconian. Using "High Franconian" instead of "Upper Franconian" makes it very confusing. Of course, we can't just make up terms that aren't in common use. Hmm... Kolmiel (talk) 14:39, 8 April 2017 (UTC)
 * The code for "High Franconian" is "gmw-hfr". If the official in-house language name were changed to "Upper Franconian", the code may be changed to "gmw-ufr". (Also, I have read the entry on Bönnsch and the rudimentary differences between that and Kölsch.)
 * Have you ever gotten to the part where the bespectacled boy is confronted with the creatures of the Paraphernalia Wagon? That's what the "Spoiler Opening" is depicting, to use a term from TV Tropes & Idioms. Have you ever considered transcribing the dialogue unto a personal userpage and playing with it? Is there really such a thing as anapestic tetrameter in that dialogue? (Gosh, I wish we could meet each other in person via any event, Wiktionary-related or otherwise.) --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 02:49, 9 April 2017 (UTC)
 * If you want, I could change the canon name from "High Franconian" to "Upper Franconian" and the code from "gmw-hfr" to "gmw-ufr". --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 23:45, 15 April 2017 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the offer. We'd have to see whether "Upper Franconian" is used that way in English. A quick google research implies yes, but this should be double-checked. We should also inform "sche" and maybe some other users. Kolmiel (talk) 21:44, 17 April 2017 (UTC)

Swahili philological needs
I've got a bunch of terms I've had trouble with supplying etymological information for, which presumably come from Arabic or Persian. I appreciate any help you can give in dealing with them! Here's a list of the ones that currently need work:, , , , , , , , , , , , , (via Arabic?), , , , , , , ,  (root talii?), , , , , , , , , , , , , ,. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 22:26, 1 April 2017 (UTC)
 * I've done the ones I was able to do right away. They were a couple, but many are still left. They are barua, bora, frasila, ghasia, ghuba, gurudumu, haba, heshima, hodari, ikisiri, (kuhani), imara, isimu, koroboi, majira, mtalii, ramani, shenzi, soda, sumaku, tele, zawadi. I'll get back to them when I've time to kill. For karani I suspect a relation with 🇨🇬. We should ask if they have an idea. Kolmiel (talk) 23:13, 1 April 2017 (UTC)
 * Thank you! —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 23:18, 1 April 2017 (UTC)

 * Reminding you of this, and adding to the list. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 07:11, 7 May 2017 (UTC)
 * I've done the new one. With the others I'd have to do some searching, so I don't know when I'll get to it or feel like it. But I haven't forgotten! Kolmiel (talk) 19:08, 7 May 2017 (UTC)
 * And ... should be easy, I just can't find the right spelling. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 21:30, 13 May 2017 (UTC)

Related changes to "Category:German lemmas"
Feel free to find this useful, like Wyang does with Chinese lemmata. (I ask, because I made an example sentence for vorgeben.) --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 21:16, 19 April 2017 (UTC)
 * I've translated it. Kolmiel (talk) 20:00, 20 April 2017 (UTC)

-s
Kolmiel, in -s you wrote this German Usage note:
 * "The plural ending -s is most typical of loanwords[1], but it is also used in a considerable number of native words[2]. Moreover, it is the most productive plural marker[3] in contemporary German."

Could you give a couple of examples each of [1], [2], and [3]? Otherwise, it is not at all clear for those of us who are not native German speakers. —Stephen (Talk) 22:23, 24 April 2017 (UTC)
 * I've added some examples. Hope it's clearer now. Kolmiel (talk) 22:47, 24 April 2017 (UTC)
 * Besten Dank! —Stephen (Talk) 01:03, 25 April 2017 (UTC)

Meaning of anuecht (lb)?
Hi Kolmiel, hope you're well. I was just reading this and came across this word I don't know the meaning of. I can't find it in any of the online dictionaries (LOD.lu, Luxemburger Wörterbuch, Luxdico) so thought I would ask you. Cheers, BigDom 14:15, 1 June 2017 (UTC)
 * It should probably be spelt "an Uecht" (German "in Acht"). "An Uecht huelen" means "to take care of, to consider, to appreciate". Kolmiel (talk) 16:57, 1 June 2017 (UTC)
 * Ah OK, thanks for your help. BigDom 17:30, 1 June 2017 (UTC)

Mundvorrat/mondvoorraad and Himmelstürmer/hemelbestormer
I'd appreciate your thoughts on two topics: Lingo Bingo Dingo (talk) 13:32, 3 July 2017 (UTC)
 * 1)  is usually considered a calque of, but I've come across a seventeenth-century use of the Dutch while I can't find the German word before the eighteenth century. Do you think there could reasonable be older uses in German out there or should the order of 'borrowing' be reversed?
 * 2)  seems to have more or less the same meanings as, but the figurative meaning may be slightly different. How would you describe it?
 * The DWB calls Mundvorrat a "seit dem späten 18. jahrh. erscheinende übersetzung des fremden proviant". This sounds relatively precise, but I think it possible that individual older attestations could exist. (Did your search include the spelling Mundvorrath?) -- The 18th century would be the shy beginnings of linguistic purism. So it could be a Dutch word that someone came across, liked, and loantranslated. Mundvorrat is now archaic in German; apparently it was a military word at first. Dutch voorraad itself is said to be a German borrowing, but late 16th cenutry, so early enough. That's about all I can say.
 * Himmelsstürmer is translated by DWDS as "jmd., der Unmögliches erreichen will, großer Idealist". I think that catches it quite well. It would imply a lack of realism, probably also a certain nonconformism; but iconoclasm and breaking of taboos is not part of it in my understanding. Kolmiel (talk) 20:33, 3 July 2017 (UTC)
 * I hadn't looked for Mundvorrath yet and that suggestion turned out to be very helpful, so thanks. It is about three years older than the oldest known use in Dutch so it's not very certain, but at least there are no grounds for changing the direction anymore. Lingo Bingo Dingo (talk) 09:34, 4 July 2017 (UTC)
 * PS: When read as a sum of parts Himmelsstürmer ("someone who storms heaven") does sound like iconoclasm, of course. So one would have to look at older attestations in German. Maybe this notion did exist and was only preserved in Dutch (possibly due to your more extensive history of iconoclasm ;)) Kolmiel (talk) 20:38, 3 July 2017 (UTC)

schliisslech
Hi Kolmiel. I just created the entry for schliisslech and gave an alternative form as schléisslech. Both versions are given in LW, and the former is the only spelling given in LOD and Luxdico. A Google search seemed to also back up that schliisslech is the more common form.

For the etymology I put "From schléissen (“to conclude”) + -lech (“-like”). The shift from /ɜɪ̯/ to /iː/ is presumably influenced by German schließlich." This approach might suggest that the entry should be at schléisslech, with an alternative form at schliisslech. However, I also thought of another possibility: schliisslech (with long ) was borrowed directly from schließlich, and then schléisslech was a later formation based on the model of the German word.

Which etymology do you think is correct? Cheers, BigDom 08:29, 13 July 2017 (UTC)

 * Your phonetic interpretation is correct. The word is borrowed from written German in both cases, however. It's only attested from the 16th century onward and the Rheinisches Wörterbuch explicitly says aus dem Nhd. ("from Modern Standard German"). The form schléisslech has been phonetically adapted to schléissen = German schließen. The German term for this kind of adaptation is . I think I've just said "phonetic adaptation" around here. Don't know you if have a better term. It happens a lot in dialects and dialect-based languages. Kolmiel (talk) 17:04, 13 July 2017 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the explanation, I'll have a go at updating the etymology. I don't know what the English translation of Einlautung would be, "phonetic adaptation" sounds good to me. Cheers, BigDom 20:31, 13 July 2017 (UTC)

Uustere
Hello Kolmiel,

I'm very interested in your entry of 'Uustere'. Where did you find it?

Thanks, Kevin Leornendeealdenglisc (talk) 22:55, 15 April 2020 (UTC)

Lax/tense vowels in German
Hi! In the article https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-isch, you wrote The pronunciation /is/ is due to an earlier pronunciation standard, by which all German vowels were to be tense. I am very interested in historical German pronunciation and would like to know if you have a source that goes deeper into that. Thank you! MaxenceLE (talk) 16:23, 28 August 2023 (UTC)

title: User talk:Kolmiel


text:
سریدن

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to slide; to slip

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: سریدن


text:
przepięknie

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) gorgeously, beautifully

Interjection

 * 1)  great!

title: przepięknie


text:
cadere in catalessi

Verb

 * 1) to fall asleep, nod off

title: cadere in catalessi


text:
-szy

Suffix

 * 1) ; -er

title: -szy


text: User:Csörföly D

title: User:Csörföly D


text:
sciarmutta

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) prostitute (used in Italian East-North Africa colonies for indigenous prostitute)

title: sciarmutta


text: suahíli

title: suahíli


text: suaíle

title: suaíle


text: sumô

title: sumô


text: supplantar

title: supplantar


text: supposição

title: supposição


text: supprimir

title: supprimir


text:
suricata

Etymology
From the genus name.

Noun

 * 1) meerkat

Noun

 * 1) meerkat

title: suricata


text: surprêsa

title: surprêsa


text: symmétrico

title: symmétrico


text: symptoma

title: symptoma


text: Keiter

title: Keiter


text: systematizar

title: systematizar


text: sôbre

title: sôbre


text: sôldo

title: sôldo


text: taboleyro

title: taboleyro


text: tabôa

title: tabôa


text: tabúa

title: tabúa


text:
croccolare

Verb

 * 1) to gurgle

title: croccolare


text:
Historie

Noun

 * 1) history (historical narrative)

title: Historie


text: tambôr

title: tambôr


text:
fiottare

Verb

 * 1) to gurgle

title: fiottare


text: tartaruga cabeçuda

title: tartaruga cabeçuda


text: tartaruga de couro

title: tartaruga de couro


text:
Kurshistorie

Noun

 * 1) share price or exchange rate history (typically graphical)

title: Kurshistorie


text: tartaruga oliva

title: tartaruga oliva


text: tartaruga verde

title: tartaruga verde


text: tartaruga-marinha

title: tartaruga-marinha


text: taõ

title: taõ


text: temôr

title: temôr


text: terceyra pessoa

title: terceyra pessoa


text: terçolho

title: terçolho


text:
tesoira

Etymology
Attested from 1402. From, from , from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  scissors, shears
 * 2) rafter
 * 1) rafter

title: tesoira


text:
tesoiro

Etymology
Alteration of.

title: tesoiro


text: tetrahedro

title: tetrahedro


text:
teya

Noun

 * 1) tile

title: teya


text: thesoiro

title: thesoiro


text: thesoura

title: thesoura


text: thesouro

title: thesouro


text: gorgoglii

title: gorgoglii


text: toicinho

title: toicinho


text: tomada de decisões

title: tomada de decisões


text: tonnelada

title: tonnelada


text: torneyo

title: torneyo


text:
Königswasserlösung

Noun

 * 1) aqua regia solution

title: Königswasserlösung


text: tornozêlo

title: tornozêlo


text: totaes

title: totaes


text: tourismo

title: tourismo


text: tracheia

title: tracheia


text: trachéia

title: trachéia


text: LCCN

title: LCCN


text: tractado

title: tractado


text: traduçaõ

title: traduçaõ


text:
Category talk:Old Norse irregular verbs

Conjugation of koma
The conjugation of koma has some mistakes in the past indicative. I can't access the edit interface (is the paradigm auto-generated somehow?), so somebody else will have to fix this: 2.p.sg. past indicative should be "komt/kvamt", 3.p.sg. past indicative should be kom/kvam (i.e. no ending), and the stem vowel in pl. past indicative should be long, hence kvám-. See for instance http://folk.uib.no/hnooh/grammatikk/kapittel-v5/Kap%208%20Norr%20Gramm.pdf p. 95. ØysteinVangsnes (talk) 20:38, 13 February 2014 (UTC)

title: Category talk:Old Norse irregular verbs


text: traidôr

title: traidôr


text: trajectória

title: trajectória


text: translitteração

title: translitteração


text: trapezóide

title: trapezóide


text: traquéia

title: traquéia


text: travaõ

title: travaõ


text: treçolho

title: treçolho


text: tristêza

title: tristêza


text:
triumfo

Etymology
Borrowed from, , , , and , all ultimately from , from.

Noun

 * 1) triumph

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) triumph, victory

title: triumfo


text:
Laborgerät

Noun

 * 1) laboratory apparatus / equipment

title: Laborgerät


text: trovaõ

title: trovaõ


text: trício

title: trício


text: trôco

title: trôco


text: têrmo

title: têrmo


text:
têr

Adjective

 * 1) pure, refined
 * 2) clear, brilliant
 * 1) clear, brilliant

title: têr


text: têta

title: têta


text:
Lebensgrundlage

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) livelihood

title: Lebensgrundlage


text: tórace

title: tórace


text: tôda

title: tôda


text: tôpo

title: tôpo


text: ukraniano

title: ukraniano


text: umbahuba

title: umbahuba


text: umbauba

title: umbauba


text: umbaúba

title: umbaúba


text: umbaúva

title: umbaúva


text: unctar

title: unctar


text:
Lungenepithelzelle

Noun

 * 1) columnar epithelial cell

title: Lungenepithelzelle


text: urim e tumim

title: urim e tumim


text:
uzina

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1)  to machine

title: uzina


text: vaqueyro

title: vaqueyro


text: vastidaõ

title: vastidaõ


text:
vay

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) boil

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1) glowing coal

Etymology
From, from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, among others.

Interjection

 * 1)  woe, alas!
 * 2)  Vay, vay, vay! (reminiscent of English exclamation "well, well, well")

Verb

 * 1) to borrow

Usage notes

 * This is chiefly said of money. Rarely used in Southern Vietnam, where the word predominates.

title: vay


text: verdadeyro

title: verdadeyro


text: Anlageprodukte

title: Anlageprodukte


text:
vesuvio

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) A pizza garnished with tomato sauce, cheese and ham

title: vesuvio


text: Anlageprodukten

title: Anlageprodukten


text: Anlageprodukts

title: Anlageprodukts


text: Anlageproduktes

title: Anlageproduktes


text: Anwendungsbereiche

title: Anwendungsbereiche


text: Anwendungsbereichen

title: Anwendungsbereichen


text: Anwendungsbereichs

title: Anwendungsbereichs


text: Anwendungsbereiches

title: Anwendungsbereiches


text: Bleicarbonats

title: Bleicarbonats


text:
Bowieite

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) A fan of English musician and actor  (1947–2016).

title: Bowieite


text: Bowieiten

title: Bowieiten


text: Bowieits

title: Bowieits


text: Carbene

title: Carbene


text: Carbenen

title: Carbenen


text: videyra

title: videyra


text: Carbens

title: Carbens


text: Platts

title: Platts


text: Regiolekte

title: Regiolekte


text: Regiolekten

title: Regiolekten


text: Regiolekts

title: Regiolekts


text: Regiolektes

title: Regiolektes


text: Diazoverbindungen

title: Diazoverbindungen


text: vilaõ

title: vilaõ


text: villaõ

title: villaõ


text: villão

title: villão


text: violaçaõ

title: violaçaõ


text:
volapuk

Noun

 * 1) Volapük

title: volapuk


text:
volibol

Noun

 * 1) volleyball

title: volibol


text: volumozo

title: volumozo


text: vosmecê

title: vosmecê


text: vossemecê

title: vossemecê


text: vá com Deus

title: vá com Deus


text: vãglória

title: vãglória


text: vç

title: vç


text: vêja

title: vêja


text: vômer

title: vômer


text: yogurte

title: yogurte


text: Category:Scots terms derived from Norn

title: Category:Scots terms derived from Norn


text: ἥ

title: ἥ


text: salted away

title: salted away


text: zygomatico

title: zygomatico


text: zângão

title: zângão


text: Ódin

title: Ódin


text: Óregon

title: Óregon


text: Óregão

title: Óregão


text: Órion

title: Órion


text:
sleeper cab

Noun

 * 1) A truck or lorry cab with a bunk behind the seating area, in which the driver can sleep during rest breaks on long journeys away from home.

title: sleeper cab


text: álcohol

title: álcohol


text: âmphora

title: âmphora


text: éthica

title: éthica


text:
ὅ

Pronoun

 * 1)  before an
 * 1)  before an

title: ὅ


text: éthnico

title: éthnico


text: êlle

title: êlle


text: êsse

title: êsse


text: êste

title: êste


text: ídiche

title: ídiche


text:
ᾗ

Adverb

 * 1) which way, where, whither
 * 2) how, as
 * 3) wherefore
 * 4) insofar as
 * 5) as ... as possible

title: ᾗ


text: ípsilo

title: ípsilo


text: íschio

title: íschio


text: ôlha

title: ôlha


text:
cudzy

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) someone else's; another's

title: cudzy


text: ônix

title: ônix


text: 摆渡

title: 摆渡


text:
擺渡

Verb

 * 1) to cross a river by boat; to ferry
 * 2)  to give a transport fare

Noun

 * 1) ferry; ferryboat

title: 擺渡


text: bǎidù

title: bǎidù


text: 养家

title: 养家


text:
養家

Verb

 * 1) to support one's family

title: 養家


text: yǎngjiā

title: yǎngjiā


text: 抠门儿

title: 抠门儿


text: 摳門兒

title: 摳門兒


text: 门缝儿

title: 门缝儿


text: 門縫兒

title: 門縫兒


text: much what

title: much what


text: much-what

title: much-what


text: ὥ

title: ὥ


text:
isakay

Etymology 1
From.

Verb

 * 1) to take in as a passenger
 * 2) to load
 * 3) to help (someone) in getting
 * 4) to mount (a set of compound types) on a printing press for running or operation
 * 1) to help (someone) in getting
 * 2) to mount (a set of compound types) on a printing press for running or operation

Etymology 2
.

Noun

 * 1)  monomial

title: isakay


text: lastebilen

title: lastebilen


text:
ishay

Etymology
, or.

Noun

 * 1)  bacteria

title: ishay


text:
istan

Noun

 * 1) methane

title: istan


text:
hatimbutod

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  mitosis

title: hatimbutod


text:
hantikan

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) linotype

title: hantikan


text:
halintigal

Noun

 * 1) gyroscope

title: halintigal


text:
gitisig

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  centripetal force

title: gitisig


text: lastebiler

title: lastebiler


text:
gitlapi

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  infix

title: gitlapi


text:
gituldok

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  midpoint

title: gituldok


text:
ἅ

Pronoun

title: ἅ


text: lastebilene

title: lastebilene


text:
dutaliknayan

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  geophysics

title: dutaliknayan


text:
duhasik

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  deuteron

title: duhasik


text: lastebilar

title: lastebilar


text: lastebilane

title: lastebilane


text:
talusik

Noun

 * 1) triton (nucleus of a tritium)

title: talusik


text:
Talk:メンチを切る

Is the conjugation template still applicable to this? Wyang (talk) 22:34, 13 February 2014 (UTC)
 * Russian idioms with verbs use, e.g. делать предложение, to avoid conjugating full expressions. Japanese verb templates are easy to use but メンチを切る is conjugated as 切る, the template obviously duplicates info here. --Anatoli (обсудить/вклад) 23:33, 13 February 2014 (UTC)
 * I mean... wouldn't some of the forms be erroneous or at least weird-sounding if the term is Kansai slang? Wyang (talk) 23:36, 13 February 2014 (UTC)
 * Most of the forms given could conceivably be used. The only one that's a bit odd is the mid-formal register form menchi o kirimasu -- this term is decidedly low-register, making the -masu ending weird.  But even then, someone might use that deliberately for effect.  ‑‑ Eiríkr Útlendi │ Tala við mig 23:55, 13 February 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:メンチを切る


text:
kick at the can

Noun

 * 1)  An attempt or an opportunity.

Verb

 * 1)  To make an attempt; to try.

title: kick at the can


text:
duhakay

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  binomial

title: duhakay


text:
duhambindahon

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  dicotyledon

title: duhambindahon


text:
duhandas

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  diode

title: duhandas


text:
duhansipat

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  binoculars

title: duhansipat


text:
dinagipik

Etymology
From ⟨tl⟩.

Noun

 * 1)  plasma

title: dinagipik


text:
digtalain

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  quasar

title: digtalain


text:
balipik

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  cation

title: balipik


text:
balindas

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  cathode

title: balindas


text:
baligho

Adjective

 * 1) absurd; ridiculous

Noun

 * 1) paradox

title: baligho


text:
balisuplingan

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) reproduction

title: balisuplingan


text:
中肉中背

Noun

 * 1)  average build; average height and weight

title: 中肉中背


text:
יעני

Etymology
From, third-person masculine singular of , cognate to native and.

Adverb

 * 1)  that is, in other words, meaning
 * 2)  so to speak

Usage notes
Used as a filler word similar to.

title: יעני


text:
남자답다

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) manly, masculine

title: 남자답다


text:
Talk:포기

Noun 1 definition
What does the definition mean? What sense of unit? DCDuring TALK 23:09, 13 February 2014 (UTC)
 * It is a . Wyang (talk) 23:18, 13 February 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:포기


text:
anti-Shiite

Adjective

 * 1) Opposed to Shiites.

Translations

 * German:
 * Portuguese: antixiita

Noun

 * 1) Someone who exhibits prejudice, discrimination or hostility towards Shiites
 * 2) * 1987, The Concept, page 19
 * Extremists and rabidly anti-Shiites, like Dr. Israr Ahmad of Lahore, who belatedly jumped on the Shariat Bill bandwagon, pleaded for just the same.
 * 1) * 1979, Riazul Islam, A Calendar of Documents on Indo-Persian Relations, 1500-1750
 * Now that the empire of Hindustan is in disarray and its imperial sceptre is changing hands, the addressee [Qutb Shah] should launch a forceful attack on these perfidious anti-Shiites.
 * Now that the empire of Hindustan is in disarray and its imperial sceptre is changing hands, the addressee [Qutb Shah] should launch a forceful attack on these perfidious anti-Shiites.

title: anti-Shiite


text: anti-Shi'ite

title: anti-Shi'ite


text: anti-Shia

title: anti-Shia


text: anti-Shi'a

title: anti-Shi'a


text:
User:Seachel11

"flowmotion" - spontaneous physical self-expression

title: User:Seachel11


text:
不動產

Noun

 * 1) real estate; immovable property

title: 不動產


text: 不动产

title: 不动产


text: grekeren

title: grekeren


text: grekere

title: grekere


text: grekerne

title: grekerne


text:
italiener

Etymology
From, after.

Noun

 * 1) an Italian
 * 2) a certain chicken race

Noun

 * 1) an Italian

title: italiener


text:
老若男女

Noun

 * 1) young and old of both sexes, everyone

title: 老若男女


text:
男女老少

Idiom

 * 1) young and old of both sexes; everyone in society

title: 男女老少


text:
老弱病殘孕

Noun

 * 1) the elderly, the infirm, the sick, the disabled and the pregnant; people who are given priority seats on buses

title: 老弱病殘孕


text: 老弱病残孕

title: 老弱病残孕


text: italieneren

title: italieneren


text:
入贅

Verb

 * 1) to marry into and live with the wife's family

title: 入贅


text: 入赘

title: 入赘


text: italienere

title: italienere


text: italienerne

title: italienerne


text:
いりみだれる

Verb

 * 1)  to mix in confusion

title: いりみだれる


text: 入乱れる

title: 入乱れる


text:
入り乱れる

Verb

 * 1) to mix in confusion, to be jumbled together
 * 2) to be a constant guest

title: 入り乱れる


text: いりよう

title: いりよう


text:
入り用

Adjective

 * 1) necessary

Noun

 * 1) need, demand
 * 2) cost, price

title: 入り用


text:
倒立

Verb

 * 1)  to be upside down
 * 2)  to stand on one's hands or head; to do a handstand

title: 倒立


text:
さげすむ

Verb

 * 1)  scorn, despise

title: さげすむ


text:
Talk:春秋

Too many places in this entry need to be fixed - Min Nan section basically wrong, Japanese missing reading, Chinese template missing... Wyang (talk) 00:36, 14 February 2014 (UTC)

 * Japanese fixed. ‑‑ Eiríkr Útlendi │ Tala við mig 20:21, 22 December 2014 (UTC)

 * Thank you! Wyang (talk) 20:40, 22 December 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:春秋


text:
Talk:Hochdeutsch

Okay! I read the Hochdeutschs citation. I'm not sure this is really correct by standard rules, but we don't want to be prescriptive. So yeah, it's fine :)Kolmiel (talk) 01:02, 14 February 2014 (UTC)

Meronyms

 * (see also:, )
 * (see also:, )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * (see also:, )
 * (see also:, )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * (see also:, )
 * (see also:, )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * (see also:, )
 * (see also:, )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * (see also:, )
 * (see also:, )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * (see also:, )
 * (see also:, )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * (see also:, )
 * (see also:, )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )
 * , (see also:, , , )
 * , (see also:, ,  ,  ,  ,  )

Possibly also:

Bairisch: Thüringisch-Obersächsisch: Schlesisch: No meronyms but coordinate terms: From de.wt's entries: Cp.: de:Verzeichnis:Deutsch/Dialekte --幽霊四 (talk) 01:39, 20 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Schwäbisch-Alemannisch:
 * :, ;
 * (in MHG & ENHG times:)
 * = ; = ;  (= Schwäbisch)
 * = ; : =, Schwäbisch (Hermann Paul & al.)
 * : ;
 * , ,
 * (= ; maybe also strict sense: Bavarian Bavarian)
 * (cp. )
 * (= Mittel- & Südbairisch; )
 * Mittelbairisch:  / Wienisch; Steiermärkisch
 * Mittelbairisch:  / Wienisch; Steiermärkisch
 * Mittelbairisch:  / Wienisch; Steiermärkisch
 * Obersächsisch:  (part of Erzgebirgisch) ;  (Leipzigsch);, ,
 *
 * Glätzisch (,, , W):  (= Nordglätzisch, Niederdörfisch);  (= Südglätzisch, Oberdörfisch)
 * (W)
 * Niederschlesisch (broad: Schlesisch in Niederschlesien, strict: = Neiderländisch, north-eastern Schlesisch)
 * ,
 * =  (= Neiderländisch), ,  (
 * [q.v.]
 * [q.v.]
 * Mittelfränkisch (Moselfränkisch:) Luxemburgisch = Letzeburgisch
 * Rheinfränkisch:
 * Pfälzisch: Westpfälzisch, Vorderpfälzisch
 * Hessisch: "niederhessisch: nordhessisch, osthessisch, oberhessisch / mittelhessisch, westhessisch, südhessisch"
 * Lothringisch
 * Hochpreußisch: Breslausch, Oberländisch
 * Schwäbisch: Mittelschwäbisch, Neckarschwäbisch, Niederschwäbisch, Oberschwäbisch, Ostschwäbisch, Westschwäbisch

title: Talk:Hochdeutsch


text:
isogetical

Adjective

 * 1)  See eisegesis.

title: isogetical


text: isogesis

title: isogesis


text:
calesa

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) stage-coach

title: calesa


text: aidilis

title: aidilis


text:
κώπη

Etymology
From, from , from the root , which also gives.

Noun

 * 1) a handle (e.g. of an oar)

title: κώπη


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/Old Latin

Looks good. I'm wondering whether entries not in the Latin script should be created, and if so with what templates (alt. spelling? ?). Also, you will probably want to empty out Category:Latin archaic terms, as they are all probably either OL or miscategorised.

title: Thread:User talk:CodeCat/Old Latin


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/Old Latin/reply

I went through that category and moved some of them, but I don't actually know whether those forms weren't still in use in what we now call "Latin".

I don't really know what to do about the alphabets. Of course the evolution of the writing system was just as gradual as the language, so there wasn't really a sharp divide between the various scripts. I mean, when you think about it, the script isn't suddenly an entirely different one when a text has all letters but one in common with the classical alphabet, right?


text:
Lecythidaceae

Hypernyms

 * ,, , - clades;  - order

Hyponyms

 * ,, , , - subfamilies

title: Lecythidaceae


text: Category:Japanese terms spelled with 閩

title: Category:Japanese terms spelled with 閩


text: 情人节

title: 情人节


text:
情人節

Proper noun

 * 1) Valentine's Day

title: 情人節


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/Old Latin/reply (2)

Yes, it's just that I feel like everything attested should be represented, to the best of our abilities. Also, some issues related to attestation are worth discussing. For example, wrote about OL, and his mention of  is the only such citation I can find (although I may be missing something; I don't search preclassical sources much). Now, it's obvious that the word existed because of PIE reflexes and Victorinus' mention of it, but would it still count as attested?


text: Category:Japanese terms spelled with 澳

title: Category:Japanese terms spelled with 澳


text:
光棍節

Etymology
From being a day for single people who are not in a relationship. From slang for a bachelor without familial branches being a bare stick, and the set of ones in the date of 11/11 being a set of sticks, a set of singles. Originating at the University of Nanjing in the 1990s as Bachelors' Day, and popularized as a shopping event day by Alibaba in the 2000s.

Proper noun

 * 1) Singles' Day, celebrated annually on the 11th of November

title: 光棍節


text: 光棍节

title: 光棍节


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/Old Latin/reply (3)

We have to ask what counts as representation. Unicode is very hard and rigid, because it concerns itself with the definition and underlying identity of characters, and not with their appearance. Unicode considers Old Italic and Latin to be completely different, and we have to adapt to that as we can't get around it.

I think it would count as an attestation, and I don't think there's any doubt about its authenticity thanks to modern linguistics. I think we have other entries that are based only on a mention in a third-party source. All of our Crimean Gothic entries are.


text: 白色情人节

title: 白色情人节


text:
Thất Tịch

Etymology
.

Proper noun

 * , the East Asian Valentine's Day

title: Thất Tịch


text:
ホワイトデー

Etymology
. There are for the origin of the custom. The most widely discussed is that it was coined by 全国飴菓子工業協同組合 (Zenkoku ame kashi kōgyō kyōdō kumiai “National Candy and Confectioners Union”) in 1978 to increase sales. Prior to coinage of the name, similar occasions for giving gifts in return of Valentine’s Day gifts were variously known as ポピーデー (Poppy Day), フラワーデー (Flower Day), クッキーデー (Cookie Day), and マシュマロデー (Marshmallow Day).

Proper noun

 * 1) White Day

title: ホワイトデー


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/Old Latin/reply (4)

OK, I'm fine with that. I won't bother with other Italic scripts yet, you can do what you like. The templates will be really hellish to make, though, because OL is so unstandardised... are you planning on making inflection templates? Wikipedia covers it in excellent detail.

Also, can you run your bot to make edits like this?


text:
本命チョコ

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * , Valentine's Day chocolate given by women to people they have feelings for (boyfriends, prospective boyfriends, husbands)

title: 本命チョコ


text:
밸런타인데이

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1) Valentine's Day

title: 밸런타인데이


text:
기념일

Noun

 * 1) memorial day; anniversary

title: 기념일


text:
부처님

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  Buddha

title: 부처님


text:
Alabama slammer

Noun

 * 1) A cocktail made with amaretto,, sloe gin, and orange juice.

title: Alabama slammer


text:
법률학

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) jurisprudence, the science of law

title: 법률학


text:
孤食

Noun

 * 1) eating alone; a solitary meal

Verb

 * 1) to eat alone

title: 孤食


text:
孤独死

Noun

 * 1) , lonely death

Verb

 * 1) to die a lonely death, die alone

title: 孤独死


text: Category:Japanese terms spelled with 摩 read as ま


text:
過勞死

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1) to die from overwork

title: 過勞死


text: 过劳死

title: 过劳死


text:
過労死

Etymology
Compound of.

Noun

 * 1) karoshi, death from overwork

title: 過労死


text: Category:Japanese terms spelled with 按

title: Category:Japanese terms spelled with 按


text:
과로사

Etymology
, an.

Noun

 * 1) karoshi, death from overwork

title: 과로사


text:
完璧主義

Noun

 * 1) perfectionism

title: 完璧主義


text:
Mephistophelism

Noun

 * 1) devilishness

title: Mephistophelism


text: Merkavah

title: Merkavah


text:
menuki

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) A decorative grip swell on a Japanese sword.

title: menuki


text: menukis

title: menukis


text: merozygotes

title: merozygotes


text: tosylations

title: tosylations


text: User:Ktoetx

title: User:Ktoetx


text: Mescaleros

title: Mescaleros


text: merlions

title: merlions


text:
Meritage

Etymology
Trademarked marketing coinage. ?

Noun

 * 1) A red or white Bordeaux-style wine, usually from the United States.

title: Meritage


text: 重男轻女

title: 重男轻女


text: mesofaunas

title: mesofaunas


text:
重男輕女

Idiom

 * 1) valuing men and belittling women; favouring boys over girls

title: 重男輕女


text:
midsagittally

Adverb

 * 1) At the middle of the sagittal plane.

title: midsagittally


text:
trọng nam khinh nữ

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1) * 2020, Duơng Liễu, "Bình đẳng giới để đưa nam - nữ xích lại gần nhau hơn (Gender Equality Brings Men and Women Closer Together)",  (Youth) Online
 * "vi"
 * "vi"

- Việt Nam là nước Á Đông, có những ưu điểm như gắn kết, cần cù, sáng tạo..., tuy nhiên vẫn có tư tưởng trọng nam khinh nữ.

title: trọng nam khinh nữ


text: Ài'ěrlán

title: Ài'ěrlán


text:
Citations:唯物論

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- 唯理論、唯心論、もしくは又た唯物論、彼等何ものぞ、もしくは又た凡神教、彼等何ものぞ、彼等の一を仮ることなくんば、彼等の一に僻することなくんば、遂に人間の希望を達すること能はずとするか、何が故に唯心論を悪しとするか、何が故に凡神論を悪しとするか、何が故に唯物論を悪しとするか、又た何が故に彼等を善しとするか、空々漠々たる癖論家よ、民友子大喝して曰く、「ベベルの高塔を築かんとするは誰ぞ」と.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- 彼れは形而上を解すること能はざる『唯物論者』なり.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- 殊にダーウィン、スペンサー等の英国進化論を専ら研究したが、本来ヘーゲルの流れを汲む露国の思想に養われていたから、到底これらの唯物論だけでは満足出来ないで、終にコントに走って爰に初めて一道の曙光に接する感があった.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- 古い偶像とともに力強く再興した唯物論も、新時代の自然科学的運動の動機となりながら、その花々しい新眼界展開の陰に隠されてしまった.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- 昔、科学の力のなかった時代でもよく、賢明にして意志の強いような人物は、「世に変化の類あることわりなし」とか何とか明言しているが、その人が今日の唯物論を学んでいた訳はないので別に学術上の確かな論拠は持っていないはずである.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- もしもコンミニストが、此の文学の、恰も科学の持つがごとき冷然たる素質を排撃するとしたならば、彼らの総帥の曾て活用したる唯物論と雖も、その活用させたる科学的態度を、その活用なし得た科学的部分に於て排撃されねばならぬであろう.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- 彼の物の見方が弁証法的唯物論の基準に従っている点である.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- 即ち他のものが觀念論の立場にあるに對して、マルクス主義は唯物論の立場に立つてゐる.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- 夫は経験論乃至唯物論と並んでイギリスの地盤から発生した.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- 彼は、あらゆる夢や粉飾を退けて、一元的唯物論の立場から諸々の自然現象を洞察しようとする堅い意志を持つた理論家であつた.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- しかし極端な自然科学的唯物論者におくめんなき所見を言わせれば、人間にとってなんらかの見地から有益であるものならば、それがその固有の功利的価値を最上に発揮されるような環境に置かれた場合には常に美である、と考えられるであろう.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- また昭和七年夏刊行の新詩集『アジアに叫ぶ』の序の中に『今日思潮の渦卷き流るる中に唯物論及び之を基とする議論が猖獗であるのは西歐の物質的文明瓦解史上の當然の數かも知れぬが世道人心の上に最も有害のものは是である、唯物論は一切の神聖なるものに對する反抗である』と書いた.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- 生命の神秘、夢の不可思議なぞいう科学界の大きな謎が、いつまで経っても不可解のままに取残されているのは、そうした「葭の髄から天井覗く」式の囚われた、唯物論的に不自由、不合理な……モウ一つ換言すれば科学に囚われ過ぎた非科学的な研究方法によって、広大無辺な生命の主体である細胞を研究するからである事が、ここに於て首肯されなければならぬ.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- 彼が自ら唯物論者と称していたことは周知の如くであるが、これは彼が文学上の医者であったことを意味するものに他ならない.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- 同氏の云ふところに従へば、この運動は東洋思想を指導精神とし、儒教的な道徳原理をかゝげて、唯物論の虚を衝かうとするものらしい.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- 唯物論も唯心論も、其の通處を既徹となし、其の塞處を未究となせば、皆成立ち得る.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- その証拠に、あの連中の言つてゐた唯物論なぞと言ふものだつてドンづまり迄突きつめて行くと、僕にや信じられなかつた.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- 確かに自分も彼ら蛮人どもの一人として生れて来ることも出来たはずではないのか？　そして輝かしい熱帯の太陽の下に、唯物論も維摩居士も無上命法も、ないしは人類の歴史も、太陽系の構造も、すべてを知らないで一生を終えることも出来たはずではないのか？　この考え方は、運命の不確かさについて、妙に三造を不安にした.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- 伸子がよんだ只一冊の史的唯物論には、哲学に関係する表現としてその言葉がつかわれていたが.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- 朝日新聞の報ずるところによると、加害者はその動機を、唯物論と観念論にまよい、救いを八重子との恋愛にもとめたが、幻滅を感じ、八重子を殺すことによって完全な救いが得られると信じた、と語っている.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- 自作自演のこの悲劇は、最初の予想ではハッピーエンドに終わることに決定していたのだが、何しろ出演する人間なるものが、皆が皆天使でなかったため、台本を離れた演技を続出し、劇の筋は思いもよらぬ陰惨乱暴な方向へ転がって、いまでは唯物論者の監督の言葉の指導だけでは統一も調和もとれぬ状態となり、暴力と脅迫と陰謀とをもって無茶苦茶しゃにむに、筋書きを進めるよりほか、収拾の途は無いところまで立ち至っていて、うっかりすると出演の人類一同自殺をせねばならぬかもしれぬという、真に恐るべき破局をもって幕をおろすことになりそうだ.

 * "ja"
 * "ja"

- とがめることはないわ、信二郎さんみたいに、唯物論者じゃないから死者の霊をまつりたい気持はあるわ、でも、金歯を抜くことが死者の霊に対して無礼だとは思わないわよ.

title: Citations:唯物論


text:
Mihanere

Etymology
Borrowed from, from.

Noun

 * 1)  A convert to Christianity.

title: Mihanere


text:
mijnpacht

Noun

 * 1)  A mining lease.

title: mijnpacht


text: mijnpachts

title: mijnpachts


text:
Mikasuki

Proper noun

 * 1) The language spoken by the Seminole Tribe of Florida and the Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida.

title: Mikasuki


text:
milksoppish

Adjective

 * 1) weak; timid; ineffectual

title: milksoppish


text:
nam tôn nữ ti

Etymology
.

Idiom

 * 1) valuing men above women, the belief that men are superior to women

title: nam tôn nữ ti


text: ipseities

title: ipseities


text:
Miller-Dieker syndrome

Etymology
Named for the two physicians, J. Miller and H. Dieker, who independently described the condition in the 1960s.

Noun

 * 1) A congenital malformation characterized by lissencephaly.

title: Miller-Dieker syndrome


text:
minakari

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) A type of enamelwork Indian jewellery, especially champlevé.

title: minakari


text:
minipill

Noun

 * 1) A contraceptive pill containing only synthetic progestogens (progestins), not estrogen.

Translations

 * German:

title: minipill


text: minipills

title: minipills


text:
Christmas cactus

Noun

 * 1) Any of various cacti in the genus.

title: Christmas cactus


text: Christmas cacti

title: Christmas cacti


text:
schlumbergera

Etymology
From the genus name.

Noun

 * 1)  Any member of the cactus genus.

title: schlumbergera


text: schlumbergeras

title: schlumbergeras


text:
rebetis

Noun

 * 1) A rebetiko musician.

title: rebetis


text: rebetes

title: rebetes


text:
rebetic

Adjective

 * 1) Relating to rebetiko music.

title: rebetic


text:
minute pudding

Noun

 * 1) An old-fashioned pudding made by stirring flour into boiling milk.

title: minute pudding


text:
minarchic

Adjective

 * 1) Of or relating to minarchism.

title: minarchic


text:
million city

Noun

 * 1) A city with at least a million inhabitants.

title: million city


text: million cities

title: million cities


text:
millionaire's salad

Etymology
So called because, once the palm hearts are harvested, the entire tree will die — making it a costly source of food.

Noun

 * 1) A palm tree,.

title: millionaire's salad


text:
lesser arcana

Noun

 * 1) minor arcana

title: lesser arcana


text:
minor arcana

Noun

 * 1) The court cards and numbered pip cards in a tarot deck.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 小阿爾克那
 * Danish:
 * Finnish: pieni arkana
 * French:
 * Irish: na rúnchártaí beaga
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:

title: minor arcana


text: Category:Japanese terms spelled with 孔 read as こう


text:
kuolmõz

Adjective

 * 1)  third

title: kuolmõz


text:
minkhound

Noun

 * 1) A scent hound used for hunting mink.

title: minkhound


text: minkhounds

title: minkhounds


text:
neļļõz

Etymology
From.

Numeral

 * 1)  fourth

title: neļļõz


text:
mink frog

Etymology
Because of its strong scent, supposed to resemble that of a mink.

Noun

 * , a small frog native to the United States and Canada.

title: mink frog


text: mink frogs

title: mink frogs


text:
vīdõz

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  fifth

title: vīdõz


text:
sirmmatainākais

Adjective

 * 1) the more gray-haired;

title: sirmmatainākais


text:
multfoje

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) many times

title: multfoje


text:
kūdõz

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  sixth

title: kūdõz


text: sirmmataināko

title: sirmmataināko


text:
seismõz

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  seventh

title: seismõz


text: Wiktionary:Foreign Word of the Day/2014/February 18


text:
Curry Mile

Proper noun

 * 1)  The part of  running through the centre of  in south Manchester, England, known for its large number of restaurants specialising in South Asian and Middle Eastern cuisine.

title: Curry Mile


text:
kōdõksmõz

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  eighth

title: kōdõksmõz


text:
migrainoid

Adjective

 * 1) Resembling migraine.

title: migrainoid


text:
migrationism

Noun

 * 1)  The theory that movements of people from one region to another can account for changes in the culture of the destination region.

Translations

 * Swedish:

title: migrationism


text:
īdõksmõz

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  ninth

title: īdõksmõz


text: Wiktionary:Foreign Word of the Day/2014/February 19


text:
curryless

Adjective

 * 1) Without curry (the spicy food).

title: curryless


text:
millenarianist

Noun

 * 1) A believer in millenarianism.

title: millenarianist


text: millenarianists

title: millenarianists


text:
Talk:dominant

The definition should express the general concept.

title: Talk:dominant


text:
bigamize

Verb

 * 1)  To commit bigamy.

title: bigamize


text: bigamized

title: bigamized


text: bigamizes

title: bigamizes


text: bigamizing

title: bigamizing


text:
Anglophonic

Etymology

 * 1) anglo + -phone + -ic

Adjective

 * 1) English-speaking

Related terms

 * Anglophone

title: Anglophonic


text:
verkkoprotokolla

Noun

 * 1) Internet Protocol communication protocol that enables networking a large number of computers to the Internet by providing the basis for packet switching, routing, addressing and other essential functions of the net

title: verkkoprotokolla


text:
Arthus reaction

Etymology
Discovered by Nicolas Maurice Arthus in 1903.

Noun

 * 1)  A hypersensitivity reaction involving the in situ formation of antigen/antibody complexes after the intradermal injection of an antigen.

Translations

 * Portuguese: reação de Arthus

title: Arthus reaction


text: Arthus reactions

title: Arthus reactions


text: arteriographies

title: arteriographies


text:
arteriographic

Adjective

 * 1)  Relating to arteriography.

Translations

 * Polish: arteriograficzny
 * Portuguese: arteriográfico

title: arteriographic


text:
arteriographically

Adverb

 * 1)  By means of, or in terms of, arteriography.

Translations

 * Portuguese: arteriograficamente

title: arteriographically


text:
jobble

Verb

 * 1) To wobble.

title: jobble


text: jobbles

title: jobbles


text: jobbling

title: jobbling


text: jobbled

title: jobbled


text:
Englishified

Adjective

 * 1) Made English; converted to the norms or habits of England.

title: Englishified


text:
Englified

Adjective

 * 1) Made English; converted to the norms or habits of England.

title: Englified


text:
art gum

Noun

 * 1) A kind of artist's eraser made of soft, coarse rubber.

title: art gum


text:
Sunday house

Etymology
In reference to church services held on Sundays.

Noun

 * 1) In the German immigrant culture of the, one of the houses erected by farming settlers for overnight stays while visiting town for supplies and church attendance.
 * Sunday houses were often made of limestone rock coated with whitewash inside and out.

title: Sunday house


text: Sunday houses

title: Sunday houses


text: hottering

title: hottering


text: hottered

title: hottered


text:
outworlder

Noun

 * 1)  One who comes from another planet, or from a society so culturally foreign as to be a different world.

title: outworlder


text: outworlders

title: outworlders


text: outworlds

title: outworlds


text:
overlavishly

Adverb

 * 1) In a way that is overlavish.

title: overlavishly


text:
overlavishness

Noun

 * 1) Quality of being overlavish.

title: overlavishness


text:
overhead transparency

Noun

 * 1) A transparency for use with an overhead projector.

title: overhead transparency


text:
Cambrian explosion

Etymology

Of unclear origin, inspired by 's description of "explosive" evolution. The earliest known use is in a BSCS high school biology textbook written in 1961 under the direction of paleobotanist Wilson Steward.

Proper noun

 * 1)  The relatively rapid appearance, during the Cambrian Period around 541 million years ago, of most major animal phyla, as demonstrated in the fossil record.

Translations

 * Arabic: انفجار كامبري
 * Azerbaijani: kembri partlayışı
 * Basque: Kanbriarreko leherketa
 * Catalan: explosió cambriana
 * Chinese:
 * Hokkien: Cambria po̍k-hoat
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: Kambrická exploze
 * Danish: Kambriske Eksplosion
 * Dutch: Cambrische explosie
 * Esperanto: kambria eksplodo
 * Finnish: kambrikauden räjähdys
 * French:
 * Galician: explosión cámbrica
 * German: kambrische Explosion, kambrische Artenexplosion, kambrische Radiation
 * Hebrew: הפיצוץ הקמבריוני
 * Hindi: कैम्ब्रियाई विस्तार
 * Hungarian: kambriumi robbanás
 * Indonesian: letusan Kambrium, radiasi Kambrium
 * Italian: esplosione cambriana
 * Japanese: カンブリア爆発
 * Korean: 캄브리아기 폭발
 * Lithuanian: Kambro sprogimas
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: den kambriske eksplosjon
 * Nynorsk: den kambriske eksplosjonen
 * Persian: انفجار کامبرین
 * Polish: eksplozja kambryjska
 * Portuguese: explosão cambriana, explosão do Cambriano
 * Romanian: explozia cambriană
 * Russian: кембрийский взрыв, взрыв скелетной фауны
 * Serbo-Croatian: Kambrijska eksplozija, Камбријумска експлозија
 * Slovak: kambrická explózia
 * Spanish: explosión cámbrica, radiación evolutiva del Cámbrico
 * Swedish: kambriska explosionen
 * Turkish: Kambriyen patlaması
 * Ukrainian: кембрійський вибух
 * Vietnamese: bùng nổ kỷ Cambri

Noun

 * 1)  The rapid appearance of anything.

title: Cambrian explosion


text:
hypermutant

Noun

 * 1) An organism resulting from hypermutation.

title: hypermutant


text: hypermutants

title: hypermutants


text:
overbullish

Adjective

 * 1)  Excessively bullish.

title: overbullish


text:
overextravagant

Adjective

 * 1) Too extravagant.

title: overextravagant


text:
overlend

Verb

 * 1) To lend too much.

title: overlend


text: overlends

title: overlends


text: overlending

title: overlending


text: overlent

title: overlent


text:
overlegislation

Noun

 * 1) excessive legislation

title: overlegislation


text: ouzeria

title: ouzeria


text: ouzerias

title: ouzerias


text:
quitrà

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) tar black, viscous substance

title: quitrà


text:
overoaked

Adjective

 * 1) Excessively oaked.
 * an overoaked wine

title: overoaked


text: quitons

title: quitons


text: cafones

title: cafones


text:
anèl·lid

Noun

 * 1) annelid

title: anèl·lid


text: anèl·lids

title: anèl·lids


text: vots

title: vots


text:
quotidianament

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) daily

title: quotidianament


text: ghayr muqallid

title: ghayr muqallid


text:
muqallid

Noun

 * 1)  One who follows taqlid.

title: muqallid


text: muqallids

title: muqallids


text:
wide game

Noun

 * 1) Any of various games played by groups in a large area, such as a field or woodland.

title: wide game


text: Template:mai-noun

title: Template:mai-noun


text: Category:Maithili headword-line templates


text: Category:Maithili templates

title: Category:Maithili templates


text: Category:Maithili terms derived from Sanskrit


text: Category:Maithili terms derived from Indo-Aryan languages


text: Category:Maithili terms derived from Indo-Iranian languages


text: Category:Maithili terms derived from Indo-European languages


text: Category:Maithili terms derived from other languages


text: Category:Maithili nouns

title: Category:Maithili nouns


text:
kuolmi

Adjective

 * 1)  third
 * Vanākāngar perīmīez võtīz Anniz kuolmiz nāizõks
 * Vanākāngar (~ Veckangari) owner took Anni (~ ) as his third wife.
 * Vanākāngar (~ Veckangari) owner took Anni (~ ) as his third wife.

title: kuolmi


text:
seismi

Adjective

 * 1)  seventh
 * neiku seismis touvõs
 * as if on cloud nine (lit. "in seventh heaven")
 * as if on cloud nine (lit. "in seventh heaven")

title: seismi


text:
игеҙәк

Etymology
From, from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) twin

title: игеҙәк


text: Category:Japanese terms spelled with 婆 read as ば


text:
περισσός

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) beyond the regular number or size, prodigious
 * 2) out of the common way, extraordinary, uncommon, remarkable, strange
 * 3)  extraordinary, eminent, remarkable
 * 4)  beyond others in
 * 5) more than sufficient, reserve, spare, surplus
 * 6)  superfluous, redundant, useless
 * 7) excessive, extravagant
 * 8)  over-wise, over-curious
 * 9)  subtle, acute
 * 10)  odd
 * 1)  extraordinary, eminent, remarkable
 * 2)  beyond others in
 * 3) more than sufficient, reserve, spare, surplus
 * 4)  superfluous, redundant, useless
 * 5) excessive, extravagant
 * 6)  over-wise, over-curious
 * 7)  subtle, acute
 * 8)  odd
 * 1)  extraordinary, eminent, remarkable
 * 2)  beyond others in
 * 3) more than sufficient, reserve, spare, surplus
 * 4)  superfluous, redundant, useless
 * 5) excessive, extravagant
 * 6)  over-wise, over-curious
 * 7)  subtle, acute
 * 8)  odd
 * 1)  beyond others in
 * 2) more than sufficient, reserve, spare, surplus
 * 3)  superfluous, redundant, useless
 * 4) excessive, extravagant
 * 5)  over-wise, over-curious
 * 6)  subtle, acute
 * 7)  odd
 * 1)  beyond others in
 * 2) more than sufficient, reserve, spare, surplus
 * 3)  superfluous, redundant, useless
 * 4) excessive, extravagant
 * 5)  over-wise, over-curious
 * 6)  subtle, acute
 * 7)  odd
 * 1)  superfluous, redundant, useless
 * 2) excessive, extravagant
 * 3)  over-wise, over-curious
 * 4)  subtle, acute
 * 5)  odd
 * 1)  superfluous, redundant, useless
 * 2) excessive, extravagant
 * 3)  over-wise, over-curious
 * 4)  subtle, acute
 * 5)  odd
 * 1)  superfluous, redundant, useless
 * 2) excessive, extravagant
 * 3)  over-wise, over-curious
 * 4)  subtle, acute
 * 5)  odd
 * 1) excessive, extravagant
 * 2)  over-wise, over-curious
 * 3)  subtle, acute
 * 4)  odd
 * 1)  over-wise, over-curious
 * 2)  subtle, acute
 * 3)  odd
 * 1)  over-wise, over-curious
 * 2)  subtle, acute
 * 3)  odd
 * 1)  over-wise, over-curious
 * 2)  subtle, acute
 * 3)  odd
 * 1)  subtle, acute
 * 2)  odd
 * 1)  subtle, acute
 * 2)  odd
 * 1)  subtle, acute
 * 2)  odd
 * 1)  odd

title: περισσός


text: Category:Japanese terms spelled with 爺

title: Category:Japanese terms spelled with 爺


text:
x̱áat

Noun

 * 1) fish, salmon

title: x̱áat


text:
पोथा

Etymology
or, from and. The latter is a borrowing from some language (see there). Both are ultimately from. .

Noun

 * 1) a large, voluminous book
 * 2) manuscript

title: पोथा


text:
पोथी

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) clove a bulb of garlic

Etymology 2
, from,.

Noun

 * 1) booklet, or a small book

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) book

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) a small book
 * 2) booklet

Etymology
, from, from.

Noun

 * 1) book
 * 2) hen
 * 1) hen

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) book

title: पोथी


text:
Hajéí Béédahaniih

Etymology
+ plural form of

Noun

 * 1) Valentine's Day

title: Hajéí Béédahaniih


text:
Appendix:Livonian declension

This page is intended to list examples of entries of Livonian nominals by their type (as classified by Viitso) to serve as examples on what the layout should look like, what template to choose for that type, etc.

Entries with templates that have a form generation subpage should be favored over entries with templates that don't have such a subpage. The first category includes, , and.

actually doesn't have its own forms generation page but since this is the "default" declension template:liv-noun/forms can be used without providing any params, e.g.,

39
padā

119
nōgõ

120
aššõ

122
sov

123
kōj

124
ōj

125
irm

126
kim

127
vȯņ

128
vait

129
amāt

130
kultūr

131
sagdit

132
viļț

133
eļ

135
fakt

136
tas

137
neitst

138
sīend

139
lǟnd

140
āigast

141
analīz

142
nīem

143
jaļkš

144
viš

145
rūtš

146
tēd̦

147
lēd̦

148
kīņtš

149
kōņtš

150
lēņtš

151
līem

152
am

153
azūm

154
võțīm

155
kōņim

156
ētam

157
sidām

158
tūoitõg

159
kōrand

160
ȭdõg

161
taptõd

162
tīedõd

163
vīdõz

164
īdtuoistõnz

165
īdõksmõz

166
mīez

167
rovz

168
käbrāz

169
maigāz

170
nõtkāz

171
rikāz

172
bikšāz

173
āmbaz

174
pūŗaz

175
pōļaz

176
rēnaz

177
tōvaz

178
pūoraz

179
mõtkõz

180
vȭrõz

181
arāgõz

182
äggõz

183
pūdõz

184
vīetšõz

185
lōtšõz

186
sēji

187
akiji

188
lēji

189
tuļļi

190
läbd̦i

191
nai

192
aigi

193
punni

194
kațki

195
kukki

196
aigi

197
ouki

198
paŗī

199
tūļi

200
abli

201
sēmi

202
lēmi

203
alīz

205
katūks

206
āndõks

207
kēratõks

208
äbțõks

209
varīkš

210
ukš

211
läpš

212
rovzt

213
tuļ

214
tūļ

215
kēļ

216
pūol

217
ikš

218
kakš

219
ūž

220
sēņ

221
jūŗ

222
sūr

223
sēr

224
birkov

225
salāj

226
umārz

227
dullõnz

228
abbõnz

229
aņgõrz

230
kaggõrz

231
pǟgiņž

232
vagāŗ

233
tidār

234
pēgal

235
appõn

236
ōrõn

237
kīndõr

238
bäzmõr

239
tarīļ

240
ānkaŗ

241
virpõļ

242
ōbiļ

title: Appendix:Livonian declension


text:
Ayóóʼádajóʼnínígíí Béédahaniih

Etymology
(from +  + ), plus the plural form of

Noun

 * 1) Valentine's Day

title: Ayóóʼádajóʼnínígíí Béédahaniih


text:
किताप

Etymology
Borrowed from, from.

Noun

 * 1) book

title: किताप


text: Category:Maithili terms derived from Arabic


text: Category:Maithili terms derived from Arabic languages


text: Category:Maithili terms derived from Central Semitic languages


text: Category:Maithili terms derived from West Semitic languages


text: Category:Hindi terms derived from West Semitic languages


text: Category:Persian terms derived from West Semitic languages


text: Category:Maithili terms derived from Semitic languages


text: Category:Maithili terms derived from Afroasiatic languages


text:
g̱ooch

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) wolf

title: g̱ooch


text: Category:Rajasthani terms derived from West Semitic languages


text: Category:Anal language

title: Category:Anal language


text:
khol

Noun

 * 1) deep hole; cave
 * 2) social division

title: khol


text:
g̱úuj

Etymology
. See,.

Noun

 * 1) wolf

title: g̱úuj


text:
User:ØysteinVangsnes

Professor of Scandinavian (North Germanic) Linguistics at the University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway.

title: User:ØysteinVangsnes


text: Category:Anal nouns

title: Category:Anal nouns