text:
filtrage

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) filtering

title: filtrage


text:
finasser

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to finesse

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: finasser


text: finassant

title: finassant


text: finassé

title: finassé


text: finasse

title: finasse


text: finasses

title: finasses


text: finassons

title: finassons


text: finassez

title: finassez


text: finassent

title: finassent


text: finassais

title: finassais


text: finassait

title: finassait


text: finassions

title: finassions


text: finassiez

title: finassiez


text: finassaient

title: finassaient


text: finassai

title: finassai


text: finassas

title: finassas


text: finassa

title: finassa


text: finassâmes

title: finassâmes


text: finassâtes

title: finassâtes


text: finassèrent

title: finassèrent


text: finasserai

title: finasserai


text: finasseras

title: finasseras


text: finassera

title: finassera


text: finasserons

title: finasserons


text: finasserez

title: finasserez


text: finasseront

title: finasseront


text: finasserais

title: finasserais


text: finasserait

title: finasserait


text: finasserions

title: finasserions


text: finasseriez

title: finasseriez


text: finasseraient

title: finasseraient


text: finassasse

title: finassasse


text: finassasses

title: finassasses


text: finassât

title: finassât


text: finassassions

title: finassassions


text: finassassiez

title: finassassiez


text: finassassent

title: finassassent


text:
finaud

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) wily, sly

title: finaud


text:
suggestio falsi

Etymology

 * + (“of a falsehood”, genitive singular form of, “an untruth”, “falsehood”) = “a suggestion of an untruth” ≈ “suggestion of deceit”.

Noun

 * 1) A  of the  brought about by implying a  to be ; a . Compare.

title: suggestio falsi


text:
finisseur

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) finisher

title: finisseur


text: fiscalisant

title: fiscalisant


text: fiscalisé

title: fiscalisé


text:
fiscaliser

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to tax make taxable

title: fiscaliser


text: fiscalise

title: fiscalise


text: fiscalises

title: fiscalises


text: fiscalisons

title: fiscalisons


text: fiscalisez

title: fiscalisez


text: fiscalisent

title: fiscalisent


text: fiscalisais

title: fiscalisais


text: fiscalisait

title: fiscalisait


text: fiscalisions

title: fiscalisions


text: fiscalisiez

title: fiscalisiez


text: fiscalisaient

title: fiscalisaient


text: fiscalisai

title: fiscalisai


text: fiscalisas

title: fiscalisas


text: fiscalisa

title: fiscalisa


text: fiscalisâmes

title: fiscalisâmes


text: fiscalisâtes

title: fiscalisâtes


text: fiscalisèrent

title: fiscalisèrent


text: fiscaliserai

title: fiscaliserai


text: fiscaliseras

title: fiscaliseras


text: fiscalisera

title: fiscalisera


text: fiscaliserons

title: fiscaliserons


text: fiscaliserez

title: fiscaliserez


text: fiscaliseront

title: fiscaliseront


text: fiscaliserais

title: fiscaliserais


text: fiscaliserait

title: fiscaliserait


text: fiscaliserions

title: fiscaliserions


text: fiscaliseriez

title: fiscaliseriez


text: fiscaliseraient

title: fiscaliseraient


text: fiscalisasse

title: fiscalisasse


text: fiscalisasses

title: fiscalisasses


text: fiscalisât

title: fiscalisât


text: fiscalisassions

title: fiscalisassions


text: fiscalisassiez

title: fiscalisassiez


text: fiscalisassent

title: fiscalisassent


text:
fixage

Noun

 * 1) The act of fixing or determining.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) fixing

title: fixage


text:
fixateur

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) fixer
 * 2) fixative

title: fixateur


text:
fixatif

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) fixative

title: fixatif


text:
unheediness

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  Heedlessness.
 * , II.15:
 * And if you chance to be a looser, your owne friends are readier to accuse your improvidence and unhedinesse than to moane you, and excuse your ignorance and carelesenesse concerning the offices belonging to your profession.

title: unheediness


text:
fixité

Noun

 * 1) fixedness, fixity, immovability

title: fixité


text:
flafla

Noun

 * 1) ostentation, display
 * 2)  frills

title: flafla


text:
flagada

Adjective

 * 1) tired, exhausted, knackered

title: flagada


text:
flageolant

Adjective

 * 1) trembling
 * 2) wobbly

title: flageolant


text: flageolé

title: flageolé


text: flageole

title: flageole


text: flageoles

title: flageoles


text: flageolons

title: flageolons


text: flageolez

title: flageolez


text:
flageoler

Verb

 * 1)  to stagger

title: flageoler


text: flageolent

title: flageolent


text: flageolais

title: flageolais


text: flageolait

title: flageolait


text: flageolions

title: flageolions


text: flageoliez

title: flageoliez


text: flageolaient

title: flageolaient


text: flageolai

title: flageolai


text: flageolas

title: flageolas


text: flageola

title: flageola


text: flageolâmes

title: flageolâmes


text: flageolâtes

title: flageolâtes


text: flageolèrent

title: flageolèrent


text: flageolerai

title: flageolerai


text: flageoleras

title: flageoleras


text: flageolera

title: flageolera


text: flageolerons

title: flageolerons


text: flageolerez

title: flageolerez


text: flageoleront

title: flageoleront


text: flageolerais

title: flageolerais


text: flageolerait

title: flageolerait


text: flageolerions

title: flageolerions


text: flageoleriez

title: flageoleriez


text: flageoleraient

title: flageoleraient


text: flageolasse

title: flageolasse


text: flageolasses

title: flageolasses


text: flageolât

title: flageolât


text: flageolassions

title: flageolassions


text: flageolassiez

title: flageolassiez


text: flageolassent

title: flageolassent


text:
flambeur

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) (big-time) gambler
 * 2) big spender

title: flambeur


text:
flamboiement

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) blaze, flare (of heat or light)

title: flamboiement


text:
fiérot

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) cocky (pleased with oneself)

title: fiérot


text: Category:Norman terms derived from Old French


text: Category:Norman terms derived from Romance languages


text: Category:Norman terms derived from Italic languages


text: Category:Norman terms derived from Indo-European languages


text: Category:Norman terms derived from other languages


text: Category:Norman terms derived from Latin


text:
signalétique

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) descriptive by signs or symbols (on packaging etc)

Noun

 * 1) signage, signs

title: signalétique


text:
typhoïde

Adjective

 * 1) typhoid

Noun

 * 1) typhoid fever

Noun

 * 1)  typhoid fever

title: typhoïde


text: fibrociments

title: fibrociments


text: fibromes

title: fibromes


text: fibroscopes

title: fibroscopes


text: fibroscopies

title: fibroscopies


text: ficelages

title: ficelages


text: fiduciaires

title: fiduciaires


text: fidélisations

title: fidélisations


text: fildeféristes

title: fildeféristes


text: fil-de-féristes

title: fil-de-féristes


text: fils de fer

title: fils de fer


text: filtrages

title: filtrages


text: finisseurs

title: finisseurs


text: fixages

title: fixages


text: fixateurs

title: fixateurs


text: fixités

title: fixités


text: flaflas

title: flaflas


text: flambeurs

title: flambeurs


text: flamboiements

title: flamboiements


text: signalétiques

title: signalétiques


text: typhoïdes

title: typhoïdes


text: filaires

title: filaires


text: filmiques

title: filmiques


text: flagadas

title: flagadas


text: fieffée

title: fieffée


text: fieffés

title: fieffés


text: fieffées

title: fieffées


text: fielleuse

title: fielleuse


text: fielleuses

title: fielleuses


text: figuratifs

title: figuratifs


text: figuratives

title: figuratives


text: finaude

title: finaude


text: finauds

title: finauds


text: finaudes

title: finaudes


text: fixatifs

title: fixatifs


text: flageolante

title: flageolante


text: flageolants

title: flageolants


text: flageolantes

title: flageolantes


text: fiérote

title: fiérote


text: fiérots

title: fiérots


text: fiérotes

title: fiérotes


text:
Category talk:Requests for etymology (Jèrriais)

Notice
I've been trying to complete as many of these as I can, assuming that when applicable, they're from Latin via Old French. If they're not, then of course change them. I'm confident about the Latin roots but not as confident about which are borrowing and which are inherited from its parent language Old French. Same with Category:Requests for etymology (Guernésiais) and Category:Requests for etymology (Walloon) (when I get that far). Mglovesfun (talk) 10:53, 25 April 2012 (UTC)

 * Maybe hedge your bets then by putting "Ultimately from Latin...". You have to be careful with Jerriais because it also borrowed a lot from modern French, and also from English words which are themselves from French... Ƿidsiþ 10:56, 25 April 2012 (UTC)


text:
pumier

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) apple tree

title: pumier


text:
pandership

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  The work of a pander; pimping.
 * , II.16:
 * Nothing so much empoisoneth princes as flatterynor any enticement so fit, nor pandership so ordinary to corrupt the chastity of women, then to feed and entertaine them with their praises.

title: pandership


text:
జంత్రవాద్యము

Noun

 * 1) instrumental music

title: జంత్రవాద్యము


text:
జంత్రము

Noun

 * 1) An instrument, a machine.

title: జంత్రము


text:
దేవకి

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1)  Devaki: The mother of the god Krishna.

title: దేవకి


text: plausibles

title: plausibles


text:
desavantageux

Adjective

 * 1) disadvantageous functioning as a disadvantage

title: desavantageux


text:
time added on

Noun

 * 1)  Stoppage time.

title: time added on


text:
セックス

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) sex, sexual intercourse

Verb

 * 1) to have sex

title: セックス


text:
దేవిడీ

Noun

 * 1) A fort-gate, a palace gate.

title: దేవిడీ


text:
ミュージカル

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) a musical

title: ミュージカル


text:
దేవ

Adjective

 * 1) Of or pertaining to God.
 * దేవకాంచనము

title: దేవ


text:
otorinolaringologia

Etymology
From.

Usage notes

 * This was the standard spelling until the ortographic revision of 2016.

title: otorinolaringologia


text:
σφυγμός

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) the throbbing of inflamed parts
 * 2) the beating of the heart and circulatory system, pulse
 * 3) a vibration of the earth, quake
 * 4)  any violent emotion
 * 5) * Wyttenbach's
 * 1) a vibration of the earth, quake
 * 2)  any violent emotion
 * 3) * Wyttenbach's
 * 1)  any violent emotion
 * 2) * Wyttenbach's
 * 1) * Wyttenbach's

title: σφυγμός


text: otorinolaringologies

title: otorinolaringologies


text:
overgood

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Too good; excessively good.

title: overgood


text:
კრუტუნი

Noun

 * 1) purr

title: კრუტუნი


text: გაფინა

title: გაფინა


text: ამოიდო

title: ამოიდო


text: ანდომებდა

title: ანდომებდა


text:
აპირებს

Verb

 * 1)  to plan on, be going to

Usage notes
This verb is either used with a verbal noun as an object, or as a modal verb taking a verb in optative, as seen in examples.

title: აპირებს


text: ამის

title: ამის


text:
გასაოცარი

Adjective

 * 1) astonishing

title: გასაოცარი


text:
bronchique

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) bronchial

title: bronchique


text: გაეღვიძა

title: გაეღვიძა


text:
dimication

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1)  A fight; a contest.

title: dimication


text: dimications

title: dimications


text: გადაწერეთ

title: გადაწერეთ


text: გავიგე

title: გავიგე


text: გაქვთ

title: გაქვთ


text: გვბრდღვნის

title: გვბრდღვნის


text:
გულგასახეთქი

Adjective

 * 1) dreadful

title: გულგასახეთქი


text:
flamiche

Noun

 * 1) leek pie (or any of several other pastries)

title: flamiche


text: გვაქვს

title: გვაქვს


text: გყავთ

title: გყავთ


text:
syncarp

Etymology
From,. See.

Noun

 * 1)  A kind of aggregate fruit in which the ovaries cohere in a solid mass, with a slender receptacle, as in the magnolia.
 * 2)  A similar multiple fruit, such as a mulberry.

title: syncarp


text: syncarps

title: syncarps


text: გსურთ

title: გსურთ


text:
flamingant

Adjective

 * 1)  Flemish-speaking

Noun

 * 1)  Flemish nationalist

title: flamingant


text:
flamingantisme

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) Flemish nationalism (in Belgium)

title: flamingantisme


text:
flammerole

Noun

 * 1)  will-o'-the-wisp

title: flammerole


text:
చింతచెట్టు

Noun

 * 1) A tamarind tree.

title: చింతచెట్టు


text:
feu follet

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) atmospheric ghost light
 * 2)  will-o'-the-wisp
 * 1)  will-o'-the-wisp

title: feu follet


text:
చింతపండు

Noun

 * 1) A tamarind fruit.

title: చింతపండు


text:
flammèche

Etymology
From West Germanic *falawiska, refashioned under the influence of.

Noun

 * 1) spark (detached from burning material)

title: flammèche


text:
flapi

Adjective

 * 1)  dog-tired, knackered

title: flapi


text:
flatuosité

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  flatulence, flatus, wind

title: flatuosité


text:
flavonoïde

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  flavonoid

title: flavonoïde


text:
bioflavonoïde

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  bioflavonoid

title: bioflavonoïde


text:
fléchage

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) signposting, waymarking (arrows as signs)

title: fléchage


text:
flécher

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to mark with arrows

title: flécher


text:
క్రైస్తవుడు

Noun

 * 1) Christian.

title: క్రైస్తవుడు


text: fléchant

title: fléchant


text: fléché

title: fléché


text: fléchons

title: fléchons


text: fléchez

title: fléchez


text: flèchent

title: flèchent


text: fléchais

title: fléchais


text: fléchait

title: fléchait


text: fléchions

title: fléchions


text: fléchiez

title: fléchiez


text: fléchaient

title: fléchaient


text: fléchai

title: fléchai


text: fléchas

title: fléchas


text: flécha

title: flécha


text: fléchâmes

title: fléchâmes


text: fléchâtes

title: fléchâtes


text: fléchèrent

title: fléchèrent


text: flécherai

title: flécherai


text: flècherai

title: flècherai


text: flécheras

title: flécheras


text: flècheras

title: flècheras


text: fléchera

title: fléchera


text: flèchera

title: flèchera


text: flécherons

title: flécherons


text: flècherons

title: flècherons


text: flécherez

title: flécherez


text: flècherez

title: flècherez


text: flécheront

title: flécheront


text: flècheront

title: flècheront


text: flécherais

title: flécherais


text: flècherais

title: flècherais


text: flécherait

title: flécherait


text: flècherait

title: flècherait


text: flécherions

title: flécherions


text: flècherions

title: flècherions


text: flécheriez

title: flécheriez


text: flècheriez

title: flècheriez


text: flécheraient

title: flécheraient


text: flècheraient

title: flècheraient


text: fléchasse

title: fléchasse


text: fléchasses

title: fléchasses


text: fléchât

title: fléchât


text: fléchassions

title: fléchassions


text: fléchassiez

title: fléchassiez


text: fléchassent

title: fléchassent


text: క్రైస్తవులు

title: క్రైస్తవులు


text:
fléchissement

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) bending, sagging
 * 2) weakening
 * 3) fall-off

title: fléchissement


text:
flegmatique

Etymology
From, from , from.

Adjective

 * 1) phlegmatic, stolid

title: flegmatique


text:
flemmard

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  slacker, idler

Adjective

 * 1)  shiftless, bone-idle

title: flemmard


text:
flétrissement

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) withering, wilting, fading

title: flétrissement


text:
snapweed

Etymology
?

Noun

 * 1)  Certain species of.
 * 2)  spp. (bittercress, )

title: snapweed


text: snapweeds

title: snapweeds


text:
Galldachd

Proper noun

 * 1) Alternative form of .

title: Galldachd


text:
phanerogamian

Adjective

 * 1) phanerogamic

title: phanerogamian


text: comptrol

title: comptrol


text: comptrols

title: comptrols


text:
fleurettiste

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) foil fencer

title: fleurettiste


text:
terebinthic

Adjective

 * 1)  Resembling or relating to turpentine.

title: terebinthic


text:
confervaceous

Adjective

 * 1) Belonging to the Confervae.

title: confervaceous


text:
perpent stone

Noun

 * 1) A perpender.

Translations

 * Galician: perpiaño,
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish:

title: perpent stone


text: perpent stones

title: perpent stones


text:
Citations:dispensable

Adjective: "capable of being dispensed; distributable"

 * 1978 — Samuel M. Deitz & John H. Hummel, Discipline in the Schools: A Guide to Reducing Misbehaviour, Englewood Technology Publications (1978), ISBN 0877781273, page 36:
 * The famous behavioral M&M is the most often used consumable reinforcer in classrooms. It is a good choice, for it has the advantages of being small, easily dispensable, usually enjoyed, and tends not to melt while being handled.
 * 1983 — B. B. Pandey, Role of Science & Technology in Rural and Economic Development in India, S. Chand & Company Ltd. (1983), page 60:
 * To further encourage the use of home scale fruit and vegetable preservation, proper training may be imparted to housewives and necessary arrangements made for the supply of additives and chemical preservatives in easily dispensable tablet form.
 * 2000 — Sensus Operations CV, "Frutafit®-inulin", in Handbook of Hydrocolloids (eds. Glyn O. Phillips & Peter A. Williams), Woodhead Publishing Ltd. (2005), ISBN 1855735016, page 397:
 * The resulting product is a white odourless, easily dispensable powder with a neutral taste.
 * 2006 — Pamela Lewis, Achieving Best Behavior for Children with Developmental Disabilities: A Step-by-Step Workbook for Parents and Carers, Jessica Kingsley Publsihers (2006), ISBN 9781843108092, page 132:
 * The reward could be a preferred food, a sticker, blowing some bubbles, a noisemaker the child enjoys, a pat on the back, or some other easily dispensable reward that does not take the child away from the task at hand for more than a moment or two.
 * 2009 — Sage Michael, How to Become a Superhero: The Ultimate Guide to the Ultimate You!, SuperHero Press (2009), ISBN 9780692001097, page 189:
 * Bring stuff for performing battle surgery or triage if that's your thing… Bring a store of well-rounded, easily dispensable food, or maybe a few children's toys — whatever it is, be prepared.

Adjective: "(of a law, rule, vow, etc.) subject to dispensation; possible to relax, exempt from, or annul"

 * 1851 — G. R. M. Ward & James Heywood, Oxford University Statutes, William Pickering (1851), page 149:
 * If a person has obtained a dispensation in respect of any mater dispensible by the House of Congregation
 * 1971 — John L. McKenzie, The Roman Catholic Church, Image Books (1971), page 221:
 * An existing marriage bond, whether sacramental or civil, is not dispensable, with the exception of what is called the Pauline privilege, based on 1 Corinthians 7:15.
 * 2011 — Will Adam, Legal Flexibility and the Mission of the Church: Dispensation and Economy in Ecclesiastical Law, ISBN 9781409420552, page 15:
 * Jones' use of the term 'Ecclesiastical Law' in his definition of dispensations in Roman Catholic canon law points to the Roman Catholic distinction between divine law, from which no dispensation is possible, and merely ecclesiastical law, which is dispensable in certain circumstances.

Adjective: "(biochemistry, nutrition, of an amino acid) not essential to be taken in as part of an organism's diet, as it can be synthesized de novo

 * 2008 — Marie Dunford & J. Andrew Doyle, Nutrition for Sport and Exercise, Thomson Wadsworth (2008), ISBN 9780495014836, page 161:
 * The difference in absorption rate is not surprising since whey has a high percentage of indispensable amino acids, which are absorbed more rapidly than dispensable amino acids.
 * 2010 — Clinical Nutrition in Practice (eds. Nikolaos Katsilambros, Charilaos Dimosthenopoulous, Meropi Kontogianni, Evangelia Manglara, & Kalliopi-Anna Poulia), Wiley-Blackwell (2010), ISBN 9781405180849, unnumbered page:
 * According to another nutritional classification amino acids are categorised into two groups: indispensable (essential) and dispensable (non-essential). The nine indispensable amino acids are those that have carbon skeletons that cannot be synthesised to meet the body's needs from simpler molecules in animals, and therefore must be provided in the diet. Dispensable amino acids can be further divided into two classes: truly dispensable and conditionally dispensable. Five of the amino acids are termed dispensable as they can be synthesised in the body from either other amino acids or other complex nitrogenous metabolites.
 * 2011 — Paul Insel, Don Ross, Kimberley McMahon, & Melissa Bernstein, Nutrition, Jones and Bartlett Publishers (2011), ISBN 9780763776633, page 242:
 * If a dispensable amino acid is missing during protein synthesis, the cell will either make that amino acid or obtain it from the liver via the bloodstream, and protein synthesis will continue.
 * 2012 — M. N. Chatterjea & Rana Shinde, Textbook of Medical Biochemistry, Jaypee (2012), ISBN 9789350254844, page 472:
 * The non-essential or dispensable amino acids can be synthesised in the body either:
 * 2012 — Frances Sienkiewicz Sizer, Ellie Whitney, & Leonard A. Piché, Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies, Nelson (2012), ISBN 9780176502584, page 207:
 * If a dispensable/nonessential amino acid (that is, one the cell can make) is unavailable from food, the cell synthesizes it and continues attaching amino acids to the protein strands being manufactured.

title: Citations:dispensable


text: epencephala

title: epencephala


text:
epencephalon

Etymology
From, from , prevocalic form of.

Noun

 * 1)  the hindbrain.

title: epencephalon


text:
discompt

Verb

 * 1)  To discount.

title: discompt


text: discompted

title: discompted


text: discompting

title: discompting


text: discompts

title: discompts


text: Pehlevi

title: Pehlevi


text:
palsywort

Etymology
, from its supposed medicinal powers.

Noun

 * 1) The cowslip.

title: palsywort


text: palsyworts

title: palsyworts


text:
flibuste

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) buccaneering, freebooting
 * 2) buccaneers, freebooters (collectively)

title: flibuste


text:
clubfist

Noun

 * 1) A large, heavy fist.
 * 2)  A coarse, brutal fellow.

title: clubfist


text: clubfists

title: clubfists


text: seantaichean

title: seantaichean


text: spurrey

title: spurrey


text:
flicage

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) policing
 * 2) surveillance

title: flicage


text:
cornbind

Noun

 * 1) A weed that binds stalks of corn, such as field bindweed,  or ,

title: cornbind


text: spurreys

title: spurreys


text:
spit curl

Noun

 * 1)  kiss curl

title: spit curl


text: spit curls

title: spit curls


text:
fliquette

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  female police officer

title: fliquette


text: sionagoige

title: sionagoige


text: sionagoig

title: sionagoig


text: sionagogan

title: sionagogan


text:
subacrid

Adjective

 * 1) Moderately acrid.

title: subacrid


text:
mhorr

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) A large gazelle native to the Sahara desert,, formerly.

title: mhorr


text: mhorrs

title: mhorrs


text:
Talk:H₂O

Validity
I see evidence of use as a common noun in English, such as. "glass of H₂O" get no hits, but I think that's because of Unicode and Google issues. Mglovesfun (talk) 15:39, 25 April 2012 (UTC)
 * I have created an English entry. — T AKASUGI Shinji (talk) 06:14, 10 May 2012 (UTC)

 * You can now successfully search for "glass of H₂O" on Google. There are almost no results. Equinox ◑ 17:26, 15 June 2016 (UTC)

Search results are cancelling superscript and subscript formats so you can search with common numbers. When you go through a link, you will see the proper formats, "glass of H₂O", in many results. --Octahedron80 (talk) 05:34, 9 August 2021 (UTC)

RFD discussion: November 2023–January 2024
Specifically sense 1: "Water as a chemical substance". Duplication of Translingual sense 1: "Water, by its molecular formula..." CitationsFreak (talk) 03:26, 18 November 2023 (UTC)
 * But English is a different "language" than Translingual. I dont think this should be considered duplication. — Soap — 08:49, 18 November 2023 (UTC)
 * If H₂O-the-chemical-formula is translingual, i.e. used across multiple languages, then it definitely is duplication. We don't and wouldn't make sections for H₂O for the tens of other languages where chemistry is written about sufficiently enough. The only argument I see for it are grammatical differences, like the fact that it's uncountable in English whereas that might not be a distinction in other languages, but that falls apart to me pretty fast when you consider that that's the case for just about any chemical formula. There's no separate section for the number 17 in English and German just because one's pronounced sɛvəntiːn and the other ziːptseːn. Delete for me. Hythonia (talk) 12:52, 18 November 2023 (UTC)
 * We have the number in the English entry for, though not in , , , , , , , , etc. J3133 (talk) 14:27, 18 November 2023 (UTC)
 * That is also duplication, and should probably be deleted. CitationsFreak (talk) 21:01, 18 November 2023 (UTC)
 * See RfD below. J3133 (talk) 15:11, 28 November 2023 (UTC)
 * Keep per Soap. There is one quotation (so far) for it (and IPA). DonnanZ (talk) 14:19, 18 November 2023 (UTC)
 * Delete and move the quote (and IPA as ) to the Translingual section. This, that and the other (talk) 01:08, 21 November 2023 (UTC)
 * Delete per above. brittletheories (talk) 20:52, 27 November 2023 (UTC)

RFD-deleted This, that and the other (talk) 00:12, 31 January 2024 (UTC)
 * Delete as a duplicate of the translingual. — excarnateSojourner (talk · contrib) 01:00, 2 December 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:H₂O


text:
syderolite

Noun

 * 1)  A kind of Bohemian earthenware resembling Wedgwood.

title: syderolite


text:
protend

Etymology
Borrowed from, from +.

Verb

 * 1)  To hold out; to stretch forth.

title: protend


text: protended

title: protended


text: protending

title: protending


text: protends

title: protends


text:
stowce

Noun

 * 1) A windlass.
 * 2)  A wooden landmark to indicate possession of mining land.

title: stowce


text: stowces

title: stowces


text:
periscian

Etymology
around + shadow: compare 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) Having the shadow moving all around.

Noun

 * 1) One of those who live within a polar circle, whose shadows, during some summer days, will move entirely round, falling toward every point of the compass.

title: periscian


text:
Citations:NaCl

Noun

title: Citations:NaCl


text:
allocatur

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1)  The allowance of a proceeding, writ, order, etc., by a court, judge, or judicial officer.
 * 2)  Permission for an appeal to the Pennsylvania Supreme Court.
 * 1)  Permission for an appeal to the Pennsylvania Supreme Court.

title: allocatur


text: allocaturs

title: allocaturs


text:
bride-ale

Etymology
From, from , equivalent to 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1)  A rustic wedding feast; a bridal.
 * 2)  The warmed, sweetened, and spiced ale presented to a wedding party on its return from church.
 * 1)  The warmed, sweetened, and spiced ale presented to a wedding party on its return from church.

title: bride-ale


text: bride-ales

title: bride-ales


text: knockbacks

title: knockbacks


text:
σέγα

Noun

 * 1)  jigsaw

title: σέγα


text: crudle

title: crudle


text: crudled

title: crudled


text: crudles

title: crudles


text: crudling

title: crudling


text:
Talk:NaCl

Hmm. I see that our Hungarian friends say this is an "international formula" and our French ones say, more-or-less, that it is an "international symbol". It doesn't really have the feel of a noun to me. SemperBlotto (talk) 16:00, 25 April 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:NaCl


text:
User:GabrielSjoberg/Todo

Category:Requests for pronunciation (English), recently added
 namespace = Main category = Requests for pronunciation (English) count = 15 mode=ordered addfirstcategorydate = true ordermethod=categoryadd

Category:Requests for pronunciation (English), oldest requests
 namespace = Main category = Requests for pronunciation (English) count = 15 mode=ordered addfirstcategorydate = true ordermethod=categoryadd order=ascending

Category:English nouns from the Word of the Day archive without audio pronunciations, by date added to category
 namespace = Main category = English nouns category = Word of the day archive notcategory = English terms with audio links count = 20 mode=ordered addfirstcategorydate = true ordermethod=categoryadd

Category:English nouns without audio pronunciations, by length
 namespace = Main category = English nouns notcategory = English terms with audio links count = 20 mode=ordered addfirstcategorydate = true ordermethod=length

title: User:GabrielSjoberg/Todo


text:
lepadoid

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  A stalked barnacle of the genus  or family ; a goose barnacle.

title: lepadoid


text: lepadoids

title: lepadoids


text:
circumdenudation

Noun

 * 1)  denudation around an object

Related terms

 * circumerosion

title: circumdenudation


text: circumdenudations

title: circumdenudations


text:
unke

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) A European aquatic toad (Bombinator igneus).

title: unke


text: rhetizite

title: rhetizite


text:
namusetä

Noun

 * 1) kiddy fiddler paedophile, child molester

title: namusetä


text:
autonomasia

Noun

 * 1)  antonomasia

title: autonomasia


text: pomwater

title: pomwater


text: pomwaters

title: pomwaters


text: sokemanries

title: sokemanries


text: sokemanry

title: sokemanry


text:
apertion

Noun

 * 1)  The act of opening.
 * 2)  An opening; an aperture.

title: apertion


text: apertions

title: apertions


text: perineorrhaphies

title: perineorrhaphies


text:
perineorrhaphy

Noun

 * 1)  The operation of sewing up a ruptured perineum.

title: perineorrhaphy


text:
obmettre

Etymology
, variant of.

Verb

 * 1) to omit not include; leave out

title: obmettre


text:
baec

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1)  beak

title: baec


text:
Template:cy-conj-i

Conjugation (literary)

title: Template:cy-conj-i


text:
బండారు

Noun

 * 1) saffron ground on a stone.
 * 2) type of tree.

Proper noun

 * 1) Bandaru: . from India

title: బండారు


text:
elutriator

Noun

 * 1) A simple device used for elutriation.

title: elutriator


text:
ჩამოქცეული

Adjective

 * 1) tumbled down

title: ჩამოქცეული


text:
ძვრა

Noun

 * 1)  earthquake

title: ძვრა


text:
బండ

Noun

 * 1) A rock, a block or slab of stone.
 * 2) A short pounder or pestle without a ferrule.
 * 3) A much used block, a worn out stone.
 * 4) (metaphorically) blockhead, an obstinate, stubborn man.

Adjective

 * 1) shameless, importunate.
 * 2) mischievous, naughty, wicked, obscene, indecent

title: బండ


text:
ჩახუტება

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) hug, embrace

title: ჩახუტება


text: ჩახშობა

title: ჩახშობა


text: బండలు

title: బండలు


text:
eggement

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) The process of egging on or enticing; instigation or incitement.

title: eggement


text: ხვრეპა

title: ხვრეპა


text: ხვრინვა

title: ხვრინვა


text:
orfray

Etymology
From. Compare,.

Noun

 * 1)  The osprey.

Etymology
From, , , and other forms, from , , and other forms, from. In Middle English, the final -s was often reinterpreted as a plural ending.

Noun

 * 1) Any elaborate embroidery, especially when made of gold thread.
 * 2) A piece of fabric) adorned with such embroidery.
 * 3) Fine embroidered decoration, especially a border or fringe composed of such embroidery.
 * 1) Fine embroidered decoration, especially a border or fringe composed of such embroidery.

title: orfray


text: orfrays

title: orfrays


text:
Template:cy-conj-i/documentation

This template creates a conjugation table for verb forms used in literary Welsh. Many of these forms are not encountered in the colloquial language. This template is for verb roots ending in -i.

Usage

 * Note:The template is shown vertically above for convenience. When using it, you must remove the line breaks and blank spaces or it won't render properly.

Definition of parameters

 * (root) = the root of the verb, excluding the final i. This is also the second parameter used in (but without the final i). This is the only obligatory parameter.
 * (root with vowel affection) = the form of the root (again, without the final i) when it has undergone vowel affection (for example, changing a to e), as is found in the 2nd person singular present/future among other forms. Do not use this parameter if the root does not undergo vowel affection, i.e. if the vowel of the 2nd person singular and the 1st person singular are the same.
 * 3 the "short" form of the 3rd person singular present/future, i.e. the form that does not end in -a. Enter  if no short form is attested. It is not necessary to type   if the previous parameter is present. Do not use this parameter if the form is identical to the root.
 * 3alt an alternative short form of the 3rd person singular present/future. Use this parameter only if the verb has two "short" variants of the 3rd person singular form.
 * final Enter  for verbs like  where an h is added before a syllabic i (e.g., ). Enter   for verbs like  where the i is always syllabic.
 * imp the "short" form of the 2nd person singular imperative, i.e. the form that does not end in -a. Enter  if no short form is attested. Do not use this parameter if the form is identical either to the form specified in   or to the root.
 * nolong Enter  if the 3rd person singular present/future is not attested to have a long form in -a. Enter   if the 2nd person singular imperative is not attested to have a long form in -a. Enter   if neither of these forms is attested to have a long form in -a.
 * 2ssubj Enter  if the 2nd person singular subjunctive ends in -ych rather than -iech. Otherwise omit this parameter.
 * 2plaffectiononly Enter  if the 2nd person plural present/future is attested only with vowel affection. Enter   if the 2nd person plural imperative is attested only with vowel affection. Enter   if both of those forms are attested only with vowel affection. If this parameter is omitted, the template assumes that both forms are attested both with and without vowel affection.
 * doubling_2sfut Enter  if n in the root is doubled to nn in the 2nd person singular present/future. Enter   if the 2nd person singular present/future is attested both with and without this doubling. Otherwise do not use this parameter.
 * doubling_impfut Same as above, but for the impersonal present/future.
 * doubling_2scond Same as above, but for the 2nd person singular imperfect/conditional.
 * doubling_impcond Same as above, but for the impersonal imperfect/conditional.
 * verbadj1 Enter  if the verbal adjective in -edig is attested only without the final i of the stem. Enter   if the verbal adjective in -edig is attested both with and without the final i of the stem. Enter   if the verbal adjective is -edig is not attested. Omit this parameter if the verbal adjective in -edig is attested only with the final i of the stem.
 * verbadj2 Same as  but for the verbal adjective in -adwy.

Examples
yields:

yields:

yields:

yields:

yields:

title: Template:cy-conj-i/documentation


text:
ప్రేమ

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) love, affection, kindness, tender regard.

title: ప్రేమ


text:
ჭყაპი

Noun

 * 1) melted snow

title: ჭყაპი


text: Category:Welsh terms prefixed with an-

title: Category:Welsh terms prefixed with an-


text:
ჭყვლეპავს

Verb

 * 1)  to knead unappealingly with hands

title: ჭყვლეპავს


text:
blowzed

Adjective

 * 1) Rendered blowsy by weather, drink, exertion, etc.

title: blowzed


text:
senectud

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) old age

title: senectud


text:
ჭინჭილა

Noun

 * 1) jug used for wine. usually wooded or of clay

title: ჭინჭილა


text: ప్రేమలు

title: ప్రేమలు


text:
scrit

Etymology
From.

Etymology
From.

Etymology
See.

Noun

 * 1) writing; document; scroll

title: scrit


text:
scroddle

Verb

 * 1)  To mottle (pottery) with scraps of differently coloured clays.

title: scroddle


text: scroddled

title: scroddled


text: scroddles

title: scroddles


text: scroddling

title: scroddling


text:
మక్కువ

Noun

 * 1) Affection, love, desire, lust, wish, inclination.

title: మక్కువ


text:
మక్కా

Proper noun

 * , the holiest place in Islam.

title: మక్కా


text:
dodman

Etymology

Possibly, in the sense of a creature carrying a hill on its back. The word dod is from, from , from , , from.

The surveyor sense appears to be based on a misconception by English amateur archaeologist and author (1855–1935) in his book  (1925).

Noun

 * 1) A land-based snail.
 * 2) A snail's shell.
 * 3) Any shellfish which casts its shell, such as a lobster.
 * 4)  A surveyor.
 * 1) A snail's shell.
 * 2) Any shellfish which casts its shell, such as a lobster.
 * 3)  A surveyor.
 * 1) Any shellfish which casts its shell, such as a lobster.
 * 2)  A surveyor.
 * 1)  A surveyor.
 * 1)  A surveyor.

title: dodman


text: dodmans

title: dodmans


text: subahdar

title: subahdar


text: subahdars

title: subahdars


text:
cruive

Etymology
, from, , from , from , , from.

Noun

 * 1)  A kind of weir or dam for trapping salmon.
 * 2)  A hovel.

title: cruive


text: cruives

title: cruives


text:
ჭვიშტარი

Noun

 * 1) A Georgian dish, made from a dough of maize flour blended with cheese.

title: ჭვიშტარი


text:
Wiktionary talk:About Navajo

Glosses for verb stems in etymologies
As of the present (2012-04-25), glosses for verb stems included in NV term etymologies tend to give just the form of a stem, such as imperfective verb stem. This is useful, but strikes me as incomplete -- it gives no information about the meaning of the stem, which is generally what one expects to find in a term gloss. The lack of any meaning information in stem glosses can be confusing to users, as noted at Talk:naalnish.

It seems to me that it would be best to include a short gloss in addition to the stem form. This would align with current practice for Navajo verb prefixes and infixes listed in etymologies, and also align with the convention for term glosses in etymologies for other languages, such as at English know or Spanish saber or Japanese 司る.

Any thoughts, objections, alternate approaches? -- Eiríkr Útlendi │ Tala við mig 18:30, 25 April 2012 (UTC)

 * If you weren't already thinking of this, I suggest leaving the grammatical information outside of the quotation marks, as quotation marks to me imply "this is what the term means". I'd suggest using the slot other languages use for transliterations to hold grammatical information (like this), or adding a grammar slot to ... or, yeah, even what you already did is more helpful than no gloss at all. - -sche (discuss) 19:46, 25 April 2012 (UTC)

 * Actually, prompted by -sche to look further into it, I find that already has a pos parameter that is ostensibly intended for exactly this kind of use.  I've just edited the etyl at  to use this param.  -- Eiríkr Útlendi │ Tala við mig 20:37, 25 April 2012 (UTC)

 * Very nice fix to both issues. I wholeheartedly feel that the stems should have a gloss; my impression is that there have been objections based either on the idea that the stems can't occur independently, or that sometimes a stem can have multiple (related) meanings, but it's not clear which is original. But neither of these would mean the stem just doesn't have meaning. Ewweisser (talk) 21:12, 25 April 2012 (UTC)

 * Ta, thanks. :)  For glosses for terms that have multiple possible meanings, in JA entries, I've often either listed the few most common meanings, or given the meaning most relevant to the context of the current page, and then just made sure that the main page for the glossed term lays out all of the full meanings.  The gloss field in  is really only intended for a short blurb; I think the idea is to give the user a general idea of what's going on, so short-and-sweet is fine in my opinion, even if it doesn't do the glossed term justice -- that's what the main entry is for, no?  :)  -- Eiríkr Útlendi │ Tala við mig 01:25, 26 April 2012 (UTC)

How to handle dialectical differences?
Reading around on the NV WP and elsewhere, it's become clear to me that Navajo has lexicographically significant variation in some terms. How should the EN WT account for this?

One such variation is the /-aoh-/ > /-aah-/ shift in the second-person duoplural suffix infix. I've added the /-aoh-/ forms as alternates alongside the /-aah-/ forms in the conjugation tables at and. Is this acceptable going forward? If so, should we add a footnote to the conjugation table to explain this difference to users? -- Eiríkr Útlendi │ Tala við mig 20:48, 25 April 2012 (UTC)

 * I'd been thinking about this too. I like what you did. Another variation that's been bugging me is the reduction of ni- to n- and ní- to ń. Thoughts? Ewweisser (talk) 21:12, 25 April 2012 (UTC)

 * Oo, yes, that's another excellent issue to bring up.
 * My first impression is that the shorter n- and ń- forms are abbreviations contractions, and not even full abbreviations contractions at that, as the speakers that I've heard still pronounce a vowel sound after the n and before the following consonant, albeit a shorter, clipped vowel sound. It took me a while of listening to figure out what was going on in words like, as my background in Japanese led me to think that what's described by some as a syllabic N in Navajo really indicated something more like the moraic N in Japanese, but the audio clearly demonstrates something different.
 * One possibility is to list the full ni- and ní- spellings as the lemma forms, and list the shortened spellings as alternative forms, including explanations about the abbreviation contraction and pointing to the lemmata. But that could well be an error if the shorter form is considered the standard spelling for a given term.
 * Perhaps we could get Stephen or even Seb to chime in? (Seb doesn't have a user page set up here, but s/he does have one at w:nv:Choyoołʼįįhí:Seb_az86556 and at w:User:Seb_az86556.)  -- Eiríkr Útlendi │ Tala við mig 23:40, 25 April 2012 (UTC) -- Edited, Eiríkr Útlendi │ Tala við mig 01:21, 26 April 2012 (UTC)

Comparative forms of descriptive stative verbs
Numerous verbs in Navajo that describe a state, such as or  or  have comparative forms, such as  or  or. This kind of information seems like it should go in the POS header, such as: What does anyone else think? -- Eiríkr Útlendi │ Tala við mig 17:29, 11 June 2012 (UTC)

Font size
I'm curious as to why the template produces words in such a large font size. Looking at e.g. Appendix:Swadesh lists for Dené-Yeniseian languages and other threads on this page, the large size  of Navajo words looks rather intrusive alongside normally-sized words. I have not encountered such sizing for other languages. My first guess was that it was used to make diacritics more apparent, but even diacritic-heavy languages like Vietnamese don't seem to use the same sizing here. Is there a legitimate reason for this? If not, can this be changed? Lothar von Richthofen (talk) 20:03, 17 August 2012 (UTC)

 * I can't address the reasons, let alone their "legitimacy" (?), but taking your last question literally — yes, it can be changed by changing this part of MediaWiki:Common.css:   /* Navajo Template:nv-Latn */
    .nv-Latn {
        font-family: "Calibri", "Aboriginal Sans", "DejaVu Sans", "Arial Unicode MS", sans-serif !important;
        font-size: 130%;
        } Alternatively, and more radically, we can simply remove that bit of MediaWiki:Common.css, and change Template:nv/script from nv-Latn back to Latn. —Ruakh TALK 20:19, 17 August 2012 (UTC)
 * See User talk:Stephen G. Brown. --Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 20:24, 17 August 2012 (UTC)

 * The apparent size will depend on the fonts that you have installed. When I added the .nv-Latn font-family to MediaWiki:Common.css, I set the font-size to 100%. Later, User:Mglovesfun changed it to 130%, presumably because the font he uses has a very small apparent size. See . For me, this causes the Navajo to look very large indeed. —Stephen (Talk) 20:29, 17 August 2012 (UTC)

 * However, can’t change Template:nv/script from nv-Latn</tt> back to <tt>Latn</tt>. <tt>Latn</tt> does not work for Navajo. —Stephen (Talk) 20:34, 17 August 2012 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the quick responses. Technical issues were another possible culprit in my mind. Is there anything that can be done (or that I can do for myself) to address this issue, then? Lothar von Richthofen (talk) 20:44, 17 August 2012 (UTC)

 * Yes, the font-size in MediaWiki:Common.css could be reset to 100%. Since User:Mglovesfun changed it to 130%, I suppose it would be up to him to agree to reset to 100%. —Stephen (Talk) 21:06, 17 August 2012 (UTC)

Well, it would seem that Mglovesfun is on board with this. If someone with the relevant userrights could do the honours, that'd be great! Lothar von Richthofen (talk) 22:47, 2 September 2012 (UTC)

 * ✅. I've just removed the font-size specification, so it's back to 100% now; but if desired, we can set it somewhere in between. By the way, the site-wide CSS is subject to client-side caching, so if you want to get the updated version immediately, you'll most likely need to visit http://bits.wikimedia.org/en.wiktionary.org/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=site&only=styles&skin=vector&* (changing <tt>vector</tt> to whatever skin you're using — <tt>vector</tt> is the default, but if you've customized the site, it could be <tt>monobook</tt> or any of various other skins) and do a "hard" refresh (hold down the Shift key while clicking the refresh button). —Ruakh <i >TALK</i > 23:27, 2 September 2012 (UTC)

Pronunciations
Here is a zip of 645 pronunciation clips (words + a few examples) in ogg format: https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/29377071/Navajo%20Pronunciation%20Collection%20%28Ogg%29.zip After stumbling around the main Wiktionary page and looking at a confusing number of docs on what to do with them, I've decided that I'd rather not disrupt current entries, and instead let more competent contributors handle this. Some of these are rerecordings of words here that already have clips by navajowotd. This collection is, objectively, of better quality, and for the purposes of wiktionary and wikimedia falls under the same license as the existing clips (http://navajowotd.com/about#copyright). If you need to review the audio, I've fused them together and threw them up on soundcloud - https://soundcloud.com/navajowotd/1-navajowotd-navajo. Bcsho (talk) 20:04, 29 April 2013 (UTC)

 * Thanks, Byron. I’ll download it and see what I can do. —Stephen (Talk) 12:20, 30 April 2013 (UTC)

 * I downloaded the zip file, but some of the files were password protected. I don’t know if those were important or not. —Stephen (Talk) 13:25, 30 April 2013 (UTC)

 * That's interesting. Do you mind listing the files that need a password? I used a batch MP3 -> OGG converter that may have required a license before all files could be used. If it helps, here are the same files in MP3 before they were converted: https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/29377071/Navajo%20Pronunciation%20Collection%20(MP3).zip Bcsho (talk) 23:17, 7 May 2013 (UTC)

 * They were No.’s 111, 112, 235, 236, 493, 645, 642, 91, 90. I’ll have a look at the unconverted ones. —Stephen (Talk) 23:36, 7 May 2013 (UTC)

 * No, the "Navajo Pronunciation Collection (MP3)" had the same problem, with the same file numbers. There must be something about those 9 files. —Stephen (Talk) 23:45, 7 May 2013 (UTC)

 * Okay. It seems there are some irregularities with the file names. I'll work on it and post the updated files. Bcsho (talk) 02:52, 10 May 2013 (UTC)

 * When I got to file No. 63, the file names became mixed up. File 63 is átʼahálo, but its name is "Shí Dóó Jerry Bá'áłchíní Éí Mary Bighandi Da'iidą́". File 64 is atiin, but its name is "átʼahálo". File 65 is bitiin, but its name is "át'ah". File 66 is atsá biyáázh, but its name is "t'ahálo", and so on. —Stephen (Talk) 11:41, 25 May 2013 (UTC)

Possessed form?
Moved from [[Talk:chʼiyąʼ]]

Presumably that means that this is a bound form and only ever seen following a possessive prefix? E.g. /  /  etc.? -- Eiríkr Útlendi │ <small style="position: relative; top: -3px;">Tala við mig 06:58, 6 February 2013 (UTC)

 * Yes. —Stephen (Talk) 07:27, 6 February 2013 (UTC)

 * Thank you. A couple questions arise, then:
 * Should possessed-form entries include declension tables showing the full paradigms?
 * I've been away from my NV studies for a while, but my dim recollection is that possessed nouns are much more regular than verbs in terms of how the prefixes work. If so, it should be possible to put together a template that covers such a declension table and requires fewer input parameters than the verb conjugation table.
 * Should possessed-form entries start with a hyphen, since they are always prefixed?
 * I note that NV infixes and verb roots take hyphens in etymology sections, like or  at, so it might make sense for consistency's sake to follow suit and start possessed noun roots with a hyphen.
 * I look forward to your thoughts. -- Eiríkr Útlendi │ <small style="position: relative; top: -3px;">Tala við mig 17:08, 6 February 2013 (UTC)
 * Sample mock-up: a call to  produces:

""
 * I have no idea what the plural 4th-person possessive is, or even if it exists. The current code just leverages .  If there is no plural 4th-person possessive, I think it would be relatively easy to modify the current code to leave that cell blank.  -- Eiríkr Útlendi │ <small style="position: relative; top: -3px;">Tala við mig 22:58, 6 February 2013 (UTC)

 * I think it’s a good idea. I have thought about it from time to time, but there has always been so much else that needed to be done. As far as the best way to make a page for these forms goes, I don’t really know what would be best. That’s why I have not made many pages like this. One way to go is like chʼiyąʼ, tsoh. Another way would be with an initial hyphen. A third way is to avoid pages like this and just make pages for each possessed form.
 * Yes, a template would be simple except for part of the 4th person. A template would be simpler if we leave the, forms off altogether. Also, I think we could leave the  form off, since we’ve been using that form as a lemma . The 3rd and 4th persons don’t have separate plural forms. The possessive prefixes are:

 * Note that some possessed forms cause the prefixed pronoun to have a high tone, as with (hands). I see that I have already added the possessive pronoun prefixes at .
 * —Stephen (Talk) 07:47, 7 February 2013 (UTC)

 * Concerning the use of form as a lemma, it is also very common to use the  form as the lemma:
 * or (body),  (head),  (face),  (waist),  (neck),  (throat),  (shoulders),  (arm),  (elbow),  (wrists),  (hands),  or  (chest),  (stomach),  (trunk),  (back),  (buttocks),  (legs),  (knee),  (ankles),  (feet),  (skin),  (muscles),  (bones),  (hair). —Stephen (Talk) 07:47, 7 February 2013 (UTC)

Ain't nothing simple when it comes to language, and Navajo's a great illustration of that. :)

Some other questions that arise then: I really wish we had a proper scripting language for templates; this would allow for *so* much more flexibility in creating these kinds of declension and conjugation tables. Ah, well. -- Eiríkr Útlendi │ <small style="position: relative; top: -3px;">Tala við mig 16:59, 7 February 2013 (UTC)
 * Are the forms also indefinite, like ?  Or are these true 4th-person forms?
 * Do nouns that take also take, or are these mutually exclusive?
 * Do nouns that have an unbound form, like or, also have indefinite  forms?  Or do the unbound forms take that place?
 * Is there any noteworthy east-west difference in whether a speaker uses or ?

 * Yes, the forms are like "one’s" (one’s mother), and the  forms are like "someone’s" (someone’s mother). Nouns can take both forms:
 * or (body),  (head),  (face),  (waist),  (neck),  (throat),  (shoulders),  (arm),  (elbow),  (wrists),  (hands),  or  (chest),  (stomach),  (trunk),  (back),  (buttocks),  (legs),  (knee),  (ankles),  (feet),  (skin),  (muscles),  (bones),  (hair).
 * As far as I know, any noun can take these forms, but if they are unbound forms, then it becomes a matter of being SoP. Bound forms require possession, so you have to say "one’s mother" at the very least...but unbound forms may be possessed, too, when need be, and you can say "one’s metal" if you need to. The forms are true 4th person forms (alternate 4th person), but the  forms are more of a 3rd person form. There is no difference in this in regard to east and west dialect areas. —Stephen (Talk) 09:29, 8 February 2013 (UTC)
 * Thank you, Stephen. For nouns then, it seems there are two broad classes, grammatically speaking -- bound, and unbound.  Bound nouns always require a possessive prefix, and are never found in isolation, while the unbound nouns can be used without a possessive prefix, and generally undergo a kind of declensionary change when taking a prefix (such as the change in  to -béézh).
 * If I understand your comment here correctly, would have, but not *?  Or would the  form still be valid Navajo, in the proper context?  -- Eiríkr Útlendi │ <small style="position: relative; top: -3px;">Tala við mig 18:27, 11 February 2013 (UTC)

 * I would not characterize it as a declensionary change, it is more like consonant harmony. Navajo has several types of sound harmony, such as coronal harmony. In this case, the syllable sometimes changes as a result of something similar to the construct state of Arabic. It affects the whole syllable, not just the final consonant, but only certain consonants can be altered. For example, becomes  (h > y; ł > l). It’s the same thing that changes  to . I don’t know exactly what this is called or how to describe it any better. Navajo phonology is an extremely complex matter.
 * I think and  are both valid in the proper context. —Stephen (Talk) 03:22, 12 February 2013 (UTC)

 * Many thanks again for the detail. Since both  and  forms exist, my sense is that both should be included in any such table.  I hope that this phonological change in a word from unbound to bound form is a consistent change?  I.e.,  > -yéél after all possessive pronouns?  Or are there some nouns that have different bound forms depending on the possessive prefix?  -- Eiríkr Útlendi │ <small style="position: relative; top: -3px;">Tala við mig 07:16, 12 February 2013 (UTC)

 * Well, is a bit tricky, because it takes different forms.  +  = ;  +  = ;  +  = . I think it becomes hw- before most nouns that begins with a vowel (but that isn’t all there is to it). Of course, the other possessives occasionally are tricky, too, because they sometimes shift their vowel from -i to -e or -a to indicate a secondary type of possession: bi- +  = baʼáłchíní; bi- +  = bahastiin; bi- +  = beʼatsįʼ. Actually, the possessives often can take both vowels, -i and -e/-a, depending on the meaning: bi- +  = bideeʼ (its horns that grow from its head, primary possession) or beʼadeeʼ (his horn that he took from an animal, secondary possession). I think the bound form is the same regardless of the possessive prefix. —Stephen (Talk) 08:10, 12 February 2013 (UTC)

 * Fun, fun stuff, layers within layers.
 * C.f. and  alterations, the initial vowels in, , and  are all verb prefixes, no?  I dimly recall reading an etymology for  that described the word as ultimately meaning "one who has been brought out" (of someone else unspecified, hence the inspecific ), i.e. "one who has been born"; and I thought I saw somewhere that  was ultimately  +  (si-perfective) +  (classifier) +  < same root as in ?   seems to be  (inspecific object  + ) +  (si-perfective) +  (perfective root) < related to ...  Do any deverbalized nouns that start with vowels have bound forms prefixed with inspecific ?
 * Regarding secondary possession, I think decomposes into  + -deeʼ as the root bound noun, "his horn", whereas  decomposes into  +  + -deeʼ, "his horn that originally belonged to some unspecified other party".  I love how that fits together; it's quite elegant.
 * That said, I'm not sure how to account for all of these forms here in Wiktionary. I suspect that nouns with such secondary possessive forms are less common.  Would it make sense to try to shoehorn all noun forms into one table?  If so, it's sounding more and more like the irregularities of vowel and consonant shifts mean that any such template would require the user to put everything in manually, much like the current situation for verb conjugations.  -- Eiríkr Útlendi │ <small style="position: relative; top: -3px;">Tala við mig 20:15, 12 February 2013 (UTC)

 * Well, is yet another prefix. It’s a reciprocal duoplural object prefix that means something like "each other":, . Yes, the secondary possessive forms are less common, and they seem to be becoming even less common. It appears that young Navajo speakers who are not truly fluent are likely to use the wrong prefix. It’s the same story with coronal harmony, as in ...many young speakers now say (and write) . The  is supposed to become  in harmony with the -s of -kʼis. We still consider this a mistake, but it is becoming very common.
 * I don’t think it would be very helpful to combine all forms into one table to appear on every page. I really don’t know the best way to handle it. I try to add an example or two on pages that take unexpected prefix forms (that is, I hope to do it, but it doesn’t always get done). —Stephen (Talk) 06:21, 13 February 2013 (UTC)

Verb forms
Moved from [[Talk:chʼiyąʼ]]

Further on the matter of the choice of lemma for Navajo verbs: I know this question was briefly discussed before at least once, but I do not remember where the discussions were, and I have not been able to locate them. For that reason, I’m just going to tack this additional note on it right here.

I happened across this brief mention of the reasoning that explains why it is the 1st-person singular imperfective that is normally considered to be the citation form for Navajo verbs. See How to use Young and Morgan’s The Navajo Language, part 5: Summary (almost the last page), where author Joyce McDonough says that "it is most helpful to know what the 1st singular ∅-imperfective form of a Navajo verb is". She adds that (speaking of Young and Morgan’s book) "all dictionary entries are given, if possible, in the ∅-imperfective (I), 1st singular form of the verb. If a verb does not have a 1st singular form, then it is given in the 3rd singular."

Seb az86556 has been rather ticked off that we use the 3rd-person form as the lemma here, and he thinks it’s important to correct it. I don’t know whether it really makes all that much difference, since all the forms will (eventually) be linked to the main entry anyway...but if we ever want to correct this, it would be better to do it while the number of verbs is still fairly low. —Stephen (Talk) 14:00, 17 March 2013 (UTC)

 * I also don't recall at the moment where that thread is. I do dimly recall not understanding why 1st-person forms were preferred.  The link you give also doesn't really explain the reasoning, simply saying "[i]t is most helpful to know what the 1st singular ∅-imperfective form of a verb is", but without stating any reason why.  I haven't seen Y&M's reason for organizing their dictionary this way, and no book of theirs that I've been able to get my hands on so far seems to include any such explanation.
 * Meanwhile, there is an objective reason why not to use the 1st-person form as the lemma form for the imperfective mode -- 1st-person forms are lossy. The subject prefix obscures the verb classifier.  Assuming knowledge of how Navajo infixes work, then when one knows the 3rd-person form, one can correctly derive the 1st-person and other forms.  But if one only knows the 1st-person form, one cannot necessarily derive the correct 3rd-person or other forms.
 * By way of example:
 * -- 1st person, classifier obscured. We cannot tell if this is, , , or .  Any further conjugation of this verb requires that we know the classifier, which we cannot find in this verb form.
 * -- 3rd person, classifier clearly visible, allowing us to derive 1st-person, 2nd-person-duoplural , etc.  With the classifier readily apparent, we can conjugate all other person forms for this verb mode.
 * In addition, some verbs semantically do not have 1st-person forms, but do have 3rd-person forms. It would be more consistent to give all verbs in 3rd-person forms, rather than to give some in 1st and some in 3rd.
 * I also note that Y&M's Analytical Lexicon tends to list verbs in both 1st-person and 3rd-person forms, one right after the other on the same line, presumably because the 1st-person form obscures the verb classifier. However, this listing format would only really work in the English > Navajo direction, which for our purposes would be restricted to translation table items under English term entries.
 * The only source I've seen so far that might target speakers of Navajo, rather than English speakers, would be Alyse Neundorf's Navajo/English Dictionary of Verbs. It's organized in an EN > NV direction, but the EN headword is immediately followed by a breakdown of the Navajo verb structure based on the 4th-person form, and then a brief explanatory sentence also using the 4th-person form.  4th-person does not obscure the verb classifier, but then again there are verbs that don't have 4th-person forms.
 * So far, I haven't come across any sound lexicographic reason to use 1st-person forms. If you or Seb or another editor has a reasoned basis for using 1st-person forms as the lemmata, I'm all ears.  (Should we move this thread to WT:BP or Wiktionary_talk:About_Navajo?)  -- Eiríkr Útlendi │ <small style="position: relative; top: -3px;">Tala við mig 15:43, 18 March 2013 (UTC)
 * [[Image:Blue Glass Arrow.svg|15px]] Moved. ‑‑ Eiríkr Útlendi │ <small style="position: relative; top: -3px;">Tala við mig 17:23, 11 April 2014 (UTC)

 * Has this discussion been reopened (and possibly, the previous decision reversed)? The recent moves to 1st singular as lemma for several verbs seem to be the work of one person, but I wanted to check. If this is just a rogue user, I'm not looking to reopen the discussion. Ewweisser (talk) 13:14, 6 May 2016 (UTC)0
 * No, it has not been reopened. The recent moves were the work of one person, but I wouldn’t call him/her a rogue user. It could be anyone who knows Navajo, including on an academic level. Probably studied at Diné College, Navajo Language Academy (Diné Bizaad Naalkaah), or at any of the big universities that teach Navajo, such as University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Northern Arizona University, University of California, Stanford University, California State University, University of Southern California, etc. —Stephen (Talk) 17:57, 7 May 2016 (UTC)
 * I'm guessing this will continue to come up every few years or so since you guys refuse to apply the academic standard. The lemma is the 1st person singular, and this cannot be argued by "logic" or your personal preferences. The major dictionary by Young and Morgan, the 40-year standard for academic study, lists it that way, and the textbook by Parsons Yazzie, officially adopted by the State of New Mexico for all High Schools and used at the University of Northern Arizona, introduces every verb that way. Most minor dictionaries follow this standard when listing a lemma. You can of course argue that the people who authored or co-authored these sources should not have a say in this and that you know better because you are more intelligent or have had a vote among each other. I don't know how wiktionary works. Wikipedia, at least, claims to rely on sources. Seb az86556 (talk) 06:51, 10 May 2016 (UTC)

Verbs: indefinite objects (i.e., a- forms)
Do we have any thoughts towards a policy or guideline regarding verb forms containing indefinite object prefixes? I ask mostly because of several such forms we have in Category:Navajo_verbs and Category:Navajo_lemmas. In some cases, no counterpart without the indefinite object exists, as is the case for alizh and alzhish. For some verbs, though, counterparts do exists, for example, yichʼiish for achʼiish, yidlą́ for adlą́, yitłʼó for atłʼó. Are these three verbs used with indefinite objects particularly often? I'd like to stress that I come to Navajo from a grammar approach, not a usage approach. I see the importance of considering usage, but have little to no knowledge thereof.

For this matter, we don't, as far as I know, have any forms with first-, second-, and fourth-person objects. They would qualify for their own entry pages, of course, but it's my impression that 1) no such form would "deserve" to be a lemma or separate verb, and 2) listing all of these (along with all their combinations with mode) on a lemma page would overwhelm the page and look terrible. I suppose tables that are compressed (or shrunk, closed, or whatever the terminology is) could work. I doubt this is anyone here's priority, but it does keep me thinking. Ewweisser (talk) 03:18, 25 July 2014 (UTC)

 * Another way of looking at verbs with indefinite objects is to think of them as transitive verbs: gohwééh łaʼ yishdlą́ = I’m drinking some coffee (not *I’m drinking it some coffee). The other verb is intransitive: doo ashdlą́ą da = I don’t drink.
 * A few months ago the WT:CFI was changed, and only attested forms and spellings are accepted now. I don’t know how familiar you are with the state of Navajo dictionaries, literature, and orthography, but there is no single dictionary that even attempts to list every Navajo lemma. Also, in most Navajo dictionaries, grammars, and texts, it is not at all uncommon to find typos and other misspellings, so they cannot be considered as infallible sources. Also, because of the extreme complexity of the language, most if not all Navajo dictionaries and glossaries also include a lot of nonlemma forms.
 * If you know a lot about the language, then you are aware that Navajo approaches language in a fundamentally different way...where English is object-oriented (every thing and object has a specific name), Navajo is description-oriented, and things and objects are described rather than named. For example, the word for planet: many people have gone against the natural grain of Navajo and created the term kéyah yádiłhił biiʼ hólónígíí (land/country the-one-that-exists in the jet-black-sky). It is very odd to think of Mars or Venus as lands/countries. In the natural way of speaking Navajo, you could say jóhonaaʼéí yináádáłígíí (the one that is walking around the sun). Thus: transit of Venus = jóhonaaʼéí yináádáłígíí Biinis wolyéhígíí éí jóhonaaʼéí yichʼą́ą́h ííyáago yichʼá̜á̜h siʼą́ą́ ńtʼééʼ (the one that is walking around the sun, the one that is called Venus, it blocks the sun as it travels, it was blocking it). I know that sounds awkward and foreign in English, but in Navajo it is natural and perfectly understandable. One of the upshots of this kind of system is that there is not just one way to say anything, but many ways. If ten Navajos formulated this sentence in their respective minds, they would have ten superficially different sentences, but all perfectly correct and understandable. Another upshot is that most Navajo words are not to be found in any existing Navajo language resource; therefore, most Navajo words are not acceptable under current CFI.
 * The best Navajo dictionaries, those compiled by Young and Morgan, adhere to the most common Navajo tradition of listing the 1st-person as the lemma of most verbs (some verbs do not have 1st-person forms), while 3rd-person forms are listed as modifiers (like adjectives). This means that a lot of Navajo verbs are attested only in the 1st-person, sometimes in the 3rd but with a different translation and explanation. This also relates to the CFI, since most of the verbs are attested only in the 1st-person.
 * Sorry about the long, rambling explanation. My point is that, because CFI rejects most Navajo words, although CFI does accept some misspelled Navajo words (because they can be found as misspelled in some book or other), and since Navajo is description-based rather than object-based (which runs counter to our editors’ concept of SOP), it seems to me that the Navajo language is simply incompatible with English Wiktionary. When the CFI was changed and some good Navajo terms were deleted by editors that know nothing about the language, I pretty much stopped creating any more Navajo entries. I add some Navajo words in the Translation sections, but I rarely create Navajo entries and have stopped adding conjugations to the verbs.
 * I was adding audio files for all of the entries, but since many of the existing entries are potentially deletable as unattested, I no longer mess with audio. —Stephen (Talk) 08:44, 26 July 2014 (UTC)

Digression about transitivity

 * It's a minor thing, but is still transitive (and probably  too), even if the object isn't explicitly stated.  C.f. Transitivity (grammar) for more details.  ‑‑ Eiríkr Útlendi │ <small style="position: relative; top: -3px;">Tala við mig 18:30, 30 July 2014 (UTC)
 * Perhaps I misunderstand you, but in sentences like "you can't make a horse drink" or "I don't drink", "drink" is certainly not transitive. - -sche (discuss) 21:57, 30 July 2014 (UTC)
 * I think we must be using different ideas of "transitive". The perspective on "transitive" that I'm coming from is that, semantically, certain actions require an object, even if that object is left unstated.  One cannot  without drinking something.  Similarly, one cannot  without eating something, and likewise for, or , or , etc.  The something need not be stated, but it remains a logical requirement in order for the action to take place.  ‑‑ Eiríkr Útlendi │ <small style="position: relative; top: -3px;">Tala við mig 08:49, 31 July 2014 (UTC)
 * I was looking at it from a grammatical perspective. From that perspective, there's a basic distinction between transitive verbs and senses of verbs, which have (actual, stated) objects, and intransitive verbs and senses, which don't. This is the distinction that and  and their associated categories make, especially on entries like die and be where they both occur on different senses (and sometimes even on the same—ambitransitive—senses). I can see what you're getting at about some verbs seeming to semantically require objects, but it seems like it would be inherently hard (and subjective) to pin down which verbs those are. For example, does the one transitive sense of die effectively point out that die is semantically transitive and always requires "a death" as its implied object? Does this transitivity carry over to its synonym "perish"? (It seems unlikely that anyone would go along with the idea that "perish" is transitive.) Or consider sense 2 of breastfeed, the sense used in sentences like "the baby liked to breastfeed". It seems functionally identical to the senses of eat and drink that are used in "I like to eat" and "I don't drink", so if eat is semantically transitive, that sense of breastfeed would seem to be semantically transitive, too... yet it seems to be outright impossible to supply it with a stated object. (Obviously, sense 1 can be supplied with an object, but sense 1 is comparable to  rather than to eat.) - -sche (discuss) 10:01, 1 August 2014 (UTC)
 * There is a lot of middle ground for many verbs, as you note. For  and similar verbs, for instance, I would argue that these are primarily intransitive verbs, that have some idiomatically transitive senses.  For verbs like  or, transitivity is context-dependent: is the subject performing the action on something, or is the action occurring solely within the scope of the subject?  Some verbs like  are even more complex grammatically and semantically.  Is feed used to mean "to provide sustenance to another" as in I feed the mouse to the snake, or is it used to mean "to provide another with sustenance" as in I feed the cats, or is it used to mean "to sustain oneself" as in the hamsters feed on the grain, or is it used to mean "to pay out, to direct along a course" as in he feeds the cable down the pipe, or is it used to mean "to run into, to flow into" as in the river feeds into the lake?  Ultimately, these are different concepts involving different kinds of action, some applied to an object and some not.  Other verbs are much more conceptually cut and dried, like  or  or , where something is always the object, whether or not it's explicitly stated or even relevant to the context.
 * I was taught that any verb or verb sense where you can meaningfully ask the question what was [verb]ed? is transitive. I've learned through the course of this thread, and the reading it's prompted me to do, that many folks use “transitive” instead to mean specifically that there is an explicitly stated direct object.  I'm happy to leave it at that, and know for future discussions that I'll want to first clarify what “transitive” means to discussion participants.  ‑‑ Eiríkr Útlendi │ <small style="position: relative; top: -3px;">Tala við mig 18:10, 1 August 2014 (UTC)
 * adlą́ is not transitive, it cannot take a direct object. Your definition of transitive is not the definition that most people use. —Stephen (Talk) 12:15, 31 July 2014 (UTC)
 * The initial prefix appearing here in  is described by Young and Morgan, Faltz, and Goossen as an unspecified or indefinite object.  Since this verb form has an object built right into it, that would suggest transitivity.  The action of drinking itself requires an object, regardless of language, again suggesting transitivity.  And what "most people" would use is largely irrelevant when it comes to specific technical terminology, such as grammatical labels.  What grammarians or linguists would use is much more pertinent, which is why I linked through to the [[w:Transitivity (grammar)]] article in my previous post.  In light of your terse reply, I'm not sure if you disagree with that article, or if you just didn't read it.
 * Reading around online, it seems like there are two broad camps: 1) those who view verbs as transitive only if they have an explicitly stated object, and any other context as intransitive; and 2) those who view verbs as transitive based on the kind of action involved and whether that action involves a direct object, regardless of whether that object is explicitly stated. I don't think either is necessarily "more" right than the other, as ultimately it boils down to how one defines .  Until that is made clear, however, there is room for confusion, as amply demonstrated in this thread.  ‑‑ Eiríkr Útlendi │ <small style="position: relative; top: -3px;">Tala við mig 08:38, 1 August 2014 (UTC)
 * I don’t know what to tell you. adlą́ does not take a direct object. It is intransitive. It can be used with postpositions that may be translated into an English sentence that uses a direct object, but in Navajo it is not a direct object and not transitive. yidlą́ has the object built into it and yidlą́ is the verb that is transitive. Many American Indian languages have overt marking for transitivity on the verbs, and no matter how you define transitive for Indo-European languages, American Indian languages that mark transitivity have only the definition that I use. Verbs that are marked as intransitive are intransitive no matter how you may think of verbs in English. With these languages, there is no confusion over transitivity, no room for doubt. It is pointless to argue about it, you can’t use adlą́ with a direct object. In the sentence, tó yishdlą́ą́ʼ (I drank some water), you cannot replace the verb yidlą́ with adlą́. If you want to create Navajo example sentences using adlą́ with direct objects, go ahead. They will be incorrect and ungrammatical. Let’s drop this argument here, it is going nowhere. Think of Navajo verbs as you like. —Stephen (Talk) 10:07, 1 August 2014 (UTC)
 * Thank you for stating your position. I now understand better where you and -sche are coming from and what your use of “transitive” means here.  I'm happy to drop this.  ‑‑ Eiríkr Útlendi │ <small style="position: relative; top: -3px;">Tala við mig 18:10, 1 August 2014 (UTC)

WT:CFI and Navajo

 * I've been mostly inactive over the past several months due to time constraints, so perhaps I missed something. Stephen, what was the change to WT:CFI that led some editors to delete Navajo terms?  The most likely candidate edit I found when going through the first chunk of history listings is  from September 2012, but even that makes allowances for languages that aren't well documented online, and I think Navajo would have to belong to that category.  I'm hoping that the deleting editors were just confused, and that there isn't any actual policy that would dictate the removal of otherwise valid Navajo entries.  ‑‑ Eiríkr Útlendi │ <small style="position: relative; top: -3px;">Tala við mig 20:45, 30 July 2014 (UTC)
 * If I may comment, as someone who has followed the recent evolution of CFI: There has been no change to how inflected forms are handled. As in the past, inflected forms are allowed if they meet CFI, and in highly inflected languages, specific inflected forms may have entries even if they are not attested, so long as the basic inflection is valid. (For example, has some 52 distinct inflected forms. If the masculine singular dative mixed declension form is found to have only two — or even zero — Google Books hits, but enough other inflected forms are attested to confirm that mitternachtsblau does indeed inflect, then it's not like we're going to create a one-off inflection table for use in mitternachtsblau that has a gap in that one slot, and it's not like we're going to delete mitternachtsblauen or redefine it to say "masculine singular strong genitive and accusative, weak genitive, dative and accusative, and mixed genitive and accusative but not dative, and feminine weak genitive and dative, and mixed...". If necessary, I can dig up the discussion where the community affirmed this over the objections of only one user.) A change was made in the past few years to how lemmata are handled, but that change was to allow more words, namely to allow any words that are even so much as mentioned in a single durable reference. Terms like Talk:jádí dághaaʼígíí which are not even mentioned in any references continue to be disallowed, like always; this last part seems to be what some user(s) dislike(s). - -sche (discuss) 21:54, 30 July 2014 (UTC)
 * Interesting, thank you. I thought CFI restrictions had been eased somewhat over time, but I know I've gotten the wrong end of the stick in the past, so thank you for the corroboration.  ‑‑ Eiríkr Útlendi │ <small style="position: relative; top: -3px;">Tala við mig 08:49, 31 July 2014 (UTC)
 * Until Votes/2012-04/Languages with limited documentation, languages with limited documentation (and especially polysynthetic languages, since none of them have complete dictionaries and will never have complete dictionaries) depended on editors with knowledge of the language and the standard orthography to determine whether a given word existed and was properly spelled. Since that vote, knowledge of the language is no longer a factor (not even if the language is the editor’s mother tongue), and only words found in existing dictionaries or texts are accepted as entries (even if they are misspelled, which is often the case with languages such as Navajo). There is also the problem of SOP ... Navajo is fundamentally a descriptive language, and it usually favors SOP descriptions over European-style one-word nouns. —Stephen (Talk) 12:15, 31 July 2014 (UTC)
 * Thank you for linking through to that vote. I note the line, the language community should maintain a list of materials deemed appropriate as the sole source for entries based on a single mention -- is there any such list for Navajo?  Could that list include the NV WP, for instance, given that this might well be one of the largest curated collections of text written in Navajo and accessible online?  That would be one way to avoid the problem of inadequate and incomplete dictionary materials.  ‑‑ Eiríkr Útlendi │ <small style="position: relative; top: -3px;">Tala við mig 08:38, 1 August 2014 (UTC)
 * There is no list of materials for Navajo. Such a list cannot include NV WP. It is believed by the other editors, although incorrectly, that printed Navajo dictionaries and glossaries may be trusted to use correct spelling and have correct translations. In fact, all of them that I have examined contain typos and misspellings to some degree, and the translations are often misleading, or even incorrect. Navajo words taken from any source should be vetted for correct spelling, translations, usage, etc. As far as I’m concerned, you can enter Navajo words that you find in printed materials and treat them as you like. I don’t do it myself and I do not look at such entries. —Stephen (Talk) 10:07, 1 August 2014 (UTC)
 * @Eiríkr, re "Could that list include the NV WP": no, the requirement that citations be durably archived has not changed. Furthermore, WT:CFI explicitly disallows Wikipedia as a reference for attestation purposes. - -sche (discuss) 10:17, 1 August 2014 (UTC)
 * I was wondering if those same requirements apply to less-documented languages. It isn't terribly clear from the WT:CFI page.  I also note that the WT:CFI list of three requirements appears to be an “or” list, making the “use in permanently recorded media” requirement just one condition that could be met to comply with WT:CFI, rather than one that must be met.  This raises the question of whether extensive use of a term on the NV Wikipedia, which may be the only available, current, and online resource discussing certain subjects, would count as “clearly widespread use”, given that “widespread” for less-documented languages is much harder to gauge for those of us not living in those language communities.  This seems to loop back to Stephen's concern that WT:CFI is ultimately being used in a way that devalues native-speaker knowledge.  That doesn't seem right to me, and I'm wondering if there's a way past that.  ‑‑ Eiríkr Útlendi │ <small style="position: relative; top: -3px;">Tala við mig 18:10, 1 August 2014 (UTC)

title: Wiktionary talk:About Navajo


text: ჭყვლეპავ

title: ჭყვლეპავ


text:
giofag

Noun

 * 1) gypsy

title: giofag


text: giofaige

title: giofaige


text: giofagan

title: giofagan


text:
కాసు

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Not related to.

Noun

 * 1) A small copper coin, pie
 * 2) A coin in general, whether gold, silver or copper.

title: కాసు


text:
Talk:reenable

Mishmack (talk) 18:42, 25 April 2012 (UTC)It is interesting to note that reenable is now, in the UK, becoming a favourite with ministers when discussing how they are reducinng the number of people on disability benefits. These people are to be "reenabled" and so on. Talk about unspeak!

title: Talk:reenable


text:
floconneux

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) flaky
 * 2) fleecy, fluffy

title: floconneux


text:
flonflon

Noun

 * 1)  blare

title: flonflon


text:
floralie

Noun

 * 1)  flower show

title: floralie


text:
floriculteur

Noun

 * 1) flower grower

title: floriculteur


text:
Talk:ჭყვლეპავს

Do you have a word for each kneading style? --Vahag (talk) 19:03, 25 April 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:ჭყვლეპავს


text:
neofeudalism

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  The contemporary rebirth of policies of governance, economy and public life reminiscent of those present in many feudal societies.

title: neofeudalism


text:
biètaot

Etymology
Compare 🇨🇬, modern 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1)  soon

title: biètaot


text:
bésouogn

Etymology
From, , from , from (whence 🇨🇬), possibly through a  intermediate.

Noun

 * 1)  need

title: bésouogn


text:
ranfla

Noun

 * 1)  a lowrider

title: ranfla


text: ranflas

title: ranflas


text:
c'menchier

Etymology
From, from.

Verb

 * 1)  to begin

title: c'menchier


text: ponderaciones

title: ponderaciones


text:
vatos

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) thornback ray

title: vatos


text:
hainitá

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1) he/she is looking for it, searching for it, seeking it

Conjugation
.

Note: the Analytical Lexicon (YMM 1992) states it is Durative aspect, but this comes in contradiction with their grammatical appendix (pp. 868-869) where it is said that “the Durative [...] takes a ∅/yi conjugation pattern” while “essentially a Durative, the Conclusive differs from the Durative in that [...] it takes a ∅/si” conjugation pattern. YM 1987 calls it a continuative, which AL reserves to verbs prefixed with (atelic) taking ∅/si pattern. See for the same issue.

title: hainitá


text:
companion cell

Noun

 * 1)  A specific type of parenchyma cell located in the phloem that assists the sieve-tube cell in its function.

title: companion cell


text:
कोमल

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) soft, delicate, tender, downy
 * 2)  flat
 * 1)  flat
 * 1)  flat

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) tender, delicate, soft
 * 2) gentle, charming, sweet

title: कोमल


text:
کومل

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) soft
 * 2) delicate
 * 3) tender
 * 4) pliant,
 * 5) ductile
 * 6) downy
 * 7) flabby
 * 8) plushy

title: کومل


text:
vilipender

Noun

 * 1) someone who vilipends

Etymology
, from and.

Verb

 * 1)  to vilipend, vilify, revile, scorn, despise, condemn

title: vilipender


text: Category:fi:Owls

title: Category:fi:Owls


text: FIT

title: FIT


text:
fälid

Noun

 * 1) valley

title: fälid


text:
ferod

Noun

 * 1) rail(ing)

title: ferod


text:
festun

Noun

 * 1) garland

title: festun


text: bitchloads

title: bitchloads


text:
Talk:n**ger

relevant RFD discussion
The RFV of f**k (result: keep) is relevant to this term as well. - -sche (discuss) 21:06, 25 April 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:n**ger


text:
Talk:neck

.
Can someone link "nuque" (French) and "nuca" (Spanish) into the etymology section? 83.71.63.17 21:11, 25 April 2012 (UTC)
 * No, because they're not related.

neck of the woods
What meaning of neck is used in neck of the woods? --Backinstadiums (talk) 21:09, 8 February 2020 (UTC)

 * "A long narrow tract of land projecting from the main body, or a narrow tract connecting two larger tracts." Equinox ◑ 09:48, 14 May 2020 (UTC)

Possible missing verb sense
Chambers 1908 has "(transitive) to break the neck or cut off the head". Thus to decapitate someone? Equinox ◑ 09:47, 14 May 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:neck


text:
flottage

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) floating (especially as a means of transporting logs)

title: flottage


text:
flottaison

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) floating, flotation (in water)
 * 2)  buoyancy

title: flottaison


text:
fesül

Noun

 * 1) vessel

title: fesül


text:
manómetro

Etymology
Formed from +.

Noun

 * 1) manometer instrument used to measure pressure in a fluid

Etymology
Formed from, on the model of.

Noun

 * 1) manometer instrument used to measure pressure in a fluid

Etymology
Formed from +.

Noun

 * 1) manometer instrument used to measure pressure in a fluid

title: manómetro


text:
flottement

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) hesitation
 * 2) flutter, fluctuation
 * 3) floating

title: flottement


text: manómetros

title: manómetros


text:
Template:audio-IPA/documentation

Purpose
This template links to an audio file for quick listening. It is meant to be used inline with text, for pronunciations and the like.

Usage
Example:

gives this:
 * Swedish: åka, 'travel', 'go'

Parameters

 * 1
 * Language code; see List of languages. Creates a link to the correct IPA guide and adds hidden language categories to the defined word.

 * 2
 * Name of sound file.

 * 3
 * IPA notation of term.

 * dial
 * Optional parameter that is mostly unused at the moment. Adds a hidden category indicating the dialect present in the audio pronunciation.

title: Template:audio-IPA/documentation